<,oJllV3J0'^ ^C'Aavaaiii^ i\Vv"^ IBRARYQ^ ^^^MIBRARYQr^ '^*'^ '^' \M[ L'NIVERS/A o o o ^^;0FCA1IF0/?^ ^'^ '.Hvaan-i^ 1 JO"^ ^.!/0JnV3JO^ \W[INIVER5/A ^Til^DNVSOV^ \ > ijn> ^OFCAllFOff^ ^\\^E UNIVERS/^ -vAavaanis^ ^OAavyan-i^ /Or— '-^ ? =(0 u_« ^>^HIBRARYQ^, i iuiv ^^WEUNIVER^/A vS;lOSANCElfj> ^OFCALIFOfti^ ^OF CAIIFO/?^ o ^riiJONYSOi^"" %a]AiNn]WV aVCALIFO/?^ ^OFCALIFOfi'^ , ^\^E UNIVERS-/A. v^lOSANCElfj> o V o A^^iLIBRARY6k. ^^lLIBRARY-6?/. '^JO'^ ^ o ^ \MEUNIVER5'/A. o o %a3AiNn]v\v ^OFCAIIFO/?^^ ^OFCAIIFO/?^ ^\M[ UNIVERS/^ ^ o e ^ "^/saaAiNn-JWV 4s> , ^WE UNIVERV/, .xT vvlOSANCElfj> ^^^l•LIBRARYGc t: § 1 ir" t -^^^t•LIBRARYQ/^ § 1 If" ^ THE BERKSHIRE JUBILEE, CELEBRATED AT PITTSFIELD, MASS. AUGUST 22 AND 23, 1844. ALBANY : WEARE. C. LITTLE. E. P. LITTLE, PITTSFIELD. 1845. [F.ntercil according to Act of Congress, in the year 1S45, by E. P. LITTLE, in the Clerk's ollicc of the District Court of the Northern District of New-York.] C. V.*N BF.NTHUTSF.N AND CO. PniNTKRS, AI.BAWy. F 12, T?4 H^5 At a meeting of the Sons of Berksliire, at the close of the Jubilee, August 23, 1844, Judge Betts presiding, it was voted unanimously. That the thanks of this meeting be presented to the Rev. Dr. Hopkins, to Joshua A. Spencer, Esq., and to the Rev. Dr. Allen, for their able and acceptable performances, consisting of a Sermon, Oration and Poem, and that they be respectfully requested to furnish a copy of the same for pub- lication. Voted, That a committee be now raised to superintend and publish a Book containing the proceedings of this Jubilee, including the Speeches, Odes, Hymns and Sentiments, and such other matter as (hey may deem pro- per, and at as early a day as convenient. Voted, That this committee consist of the following gentlemen, viz : The Rev. J. TODD, " " E. BALLARD, CHARLES SEDGWICK, Esq., WILLIAM C. BRYANT, Esq., HENRY L. SABIN, M. D. (Attest,) Jabies D. Colt, 2d, Secretary. IITRODUCTIOI. Berkshire is the large Avestern county of Massachu- setts, extending from Connecticut to Vermont, some- thing like fifty miles in length, and containing somewhat over forty thousand inhabitants. On the east lie the Green Mountains, which shut it away from the rest of Massachusetts. On the west are the Tasrhcannic Mountains, which separate it from New-York. It is a region of hill and valley, mountain and lake, beauti- ful rivers and laughing brooks — the very Piedmont of America. Till the rail-road Avas completed, and the iron horse came puffing and snorting up over these moun- tains, Berkshire had very little intercourse with the rest of " the Old Bay State." Most of its busmess was done at New-York, while with New-York people it had none but a business intercourse. A community thus secluded, and educated amid sceneiy surpassingly lovely, breathing the mountain air, and drinking the waters which flow in thousands of rills down their mountain sides, till they form the Housatonic or " river of the hills," — must love the home of child- hood. For the last fifty years, Berkshire has been constantly sending out her sons and daughters to other parts of the land to find new homes. In the meantime her own College has grown up, officered almost wholly by her own sons, till its name is among the very first in the land, and the old homestead has been steadily advancing in wealth, enterprise, educa. IN rUODICTION. tioii :iii-. INiiMius Ar.u-.N, O. P. Dickinson, and Thom- as A. (Ii)i.i). In complinncc with this resolution and in accor- dance witli our instructions, as well as our own feel- inj^s, we hei,^ leave to tender our congratulations that such a meeting is in contemplation. In every point of view in which we look at it, we feel that such a meeting must be highly interesting at the time, and no less useful in its results. The sons of old Massa- chusetts have reason to revere and love their native soil. She was the mother and the nurse of a mighty nation. In the very cradle, her children had to fight the battles, and use the wisdom, of mature manhood. And wliile the descendants of the Puritans who landed on her rocky coast have gone abroad, and amount to nearly five millions of souls, she holds on her way with her soil trodden by the free, and the air of her beautiful mountains still breathed by a noble race of men. Her hills, her valleys, and her laughing streams remain as they were, save that the former are greatly beautified by the hand of man, and the latter are pressed into his service and made the source of in- creasing]: wealth. Her Saxon hand, too, hath opened a path through her mountains of rock, and the iron liorse climbs up and goes down what once seemed to be almost impassable barriers of nature. But that which is the pride of Massachusetts is her sons and her daughters. They constitute her glory, whether they remain here to beautify and enrich the old homestead, or whether they go out to expend their INTRODUCTION. U indomitable energies under sunnier skies and on richer plains. Among these, Berkshire has furnished her full share — sons who would honor any parent. These we should rejoice to see gathered in the bosom of their mother, to hold a day of congratulations and sweet reflections. We love these sons and daughters none the less because they have gone from us, and we Avish to have the home of their childhood live green in their memories. We would bind them through their affec- tions, to the place of their birth, and have their me- mories linger among these scenes, and their hearts warm at the thought of their early homes. The chain that binds them to us is more than golden, and we would have its links grow brighter and stronger. We would cordially respond to your proposal, then, and in the name of our fellow-citizens, and at their unanimous request, respectfully invite your committee to call such a meeting, to be held at Pittsiield, at as early a day as possible. Of the convenience and suitableness of holding the meeting here, we need not speak. In making this invitation we are certain that we express the mind and feelings of the inhabitants of this town, while we most cordially invite the meeting to share our hospi- tality, to command our aid, and to feel that they come among none but warm friends. While we thus extend this invitation and express it as our opinion that this is the most convenient and suitable place, we trust we should be not the less ready to co-operate, should your committee judge otherwise. We would respectfully suggest to your committee that they immediately fix upon the time and place ; that they make the invitation as general through the papers and as particular by letter, as possible; that they have the meeting long enough to secure the ends B 12 INTKODUCTION. pnijHisrd ; ih.'it tliry appoint a committee of arrange- iiHMits ill thr county, to .see that all things are ready and thr whole county is moved to the gathering; that among the exercises there be a sermon, an oration and a poi'in in public; a j)ublic dinner or hirge tea party at which our mothers, wives and daughters may be present, and at wliich one poem shall be recited and extemporary speeches made, &c., and that the com- mittee should invite and receive suitable hymns to be sung ; such original poetry we mean, as we doubt not would l)(^ oifered in [ibundance, and of a quality that is too high for praise. We would have it an occasion of deep, cherished joy, such as will move Old Berkshire — the memory of which will thrill in after days; and we hope it will be every way worthy her glorious soil and of her sons and daughters. Let it be the lighting of a beacon on these hills that will show that the watch-tower of aftection is still tenanted, and that the flame of love has not yet begun to grow pale. Ill the name of our fellow-citizens we tender you our high regards. In behalf of the committee, J. TODD, Chairman. At a subsequent meeting of citizens of the different towns in the county, the above committee, much en- larged, were elected as the County Committee, and after correspondence with the gentlemen of New-York, it was finally settled that the Jubilee should be held; that Pittsfield should be the place ; and that the 22d and 2:Jd of August, 1844, should be the time. The arrangements finally made were, that on Thursday, the 22d, the committee from New-York and the county committee should meet at the Town Hall, at eleven INTRODUCTION. 13 o'clock, A.M., where greetings and courtesies shall be passed. The preparations to receive the new comers were, 1. Every house, table, room, and chamber in Pitts- field was to be at the service of the guests, and even in the neighboring towns the same was done. No pains, time, or money was spared in making the fires burn brightly on the hearth-stones of each family. This part, like many others, cannot be printed. 2. Preparations were made to have the stranger- guests call on the citizens of Pittsfield without cere- mony, and meet old faces as they passed from house to house. 3. A register was prepared in which the emigrant sons of Berkshire might insert their names, time of liv- ing in the county, present place of abode, or any other memoranda. 4. A stand and seats sufficient to contain between three and four thousand people, was erected on a beau- tiful hill just west of the village, and which command- ed an enchanting view in all directions. " The river of the hills," (Housatonic,) kissed the foot of the hill, while the lofty " Grey Lock " on the north, seemed to look down upon us as if he was the stern guardian of the valley, and father of all the beautiful mountains which lay around. 5. The Rev. Mark Hopkins, D.D., President of Wil- liams College, was appointed to greet the returning sons and daughters in a sermon. 6. The Hon. Joshua A. Spencer, of Utica, was ap- pointed to deliver an oration. 7. Music, secular and sacred, was provided. Odes and songs had been written in great abundance, and of superior excellence. One of the first bands in the 14 INTROni.CTlON. roimtn' was secured and [)n)iiuli1 on the ground for the oeeasioii. H. A poem was as.sin;ned to tlie Rev. William Allen, D.U., of Northampton, and also minor poems to others of acknowledged poetical talents. 0. Provision was made for speeches, sentiments, &c. 10. A dinner, (at which his Excellency, Governor BRiGiis, was to preside,) all dres.sed and cooked in Bos- ton, and transported with all neces.sary furniture on the rail-road, was provided on the delightful grounds for- merly known as "the Military grounds," and now occupied hy the Young Ladies' Institute. The tables were spread under a canopy, and capable of seating over three thousand people. The whole to be con- ducted on the strictest principles of the temperance reformation, sobriety, cheerful and dignified friendship. Such were the measures adopted to welcome hearts that had been throbbing at the thought of the gather- ing all over the United States. In every part of the land little plans had been laid by which to bring fami- lies and friends together, and have friendship renew the oil in her lamps. It was to be the gathering of a great family. It now remains to conduct the reader through the various services of the occasion, and give him the opportunity to partake of the mental productions which the Jubilee called out. The Jubilee itself cannot be printed or described. At the urgent request of many, though at the expense of typographical beauty, the several exercises will be inserted in the order of their occurrence, so that they may, as far as possible, by association, bring back to the memory of those who were present, the pleasurable emotions then enjoyed. COMMITTEES. NEW- YORK COMMITTEE. SAMUEL R. BETTS, MARSHALL S. BIDWELL, J. C. BRIG HAM, D. D. FIELD, R. S. COOK, THEODORE SEDGWICK, WILLIAM C. BRYAKT, ORVILLE DEWEY, RUSSEL C. WHEELER, MASON NOBLE, THOMAS EGLESTON, ROBERT CENTER, H. P. PEET, JOSEPH HYDE, RUEL SMITH, DRAKE MILLS, EDWARD WILLIAMS, WILLIAM SHERWOOD. COMMITTEES IN BERKSHIRE. ORIGINAL COMMITTEE OF FOURTEEN : Rev. JOHN TODD, THOMAS B. STRONG, JULIUS ROCKWELL, LEMUEL POMEROY, JASON CLAPP, JAMES D. COLT, E. R. COLT, EDWARD A. NEWTON, Rev. EDWARD BALLARD, GEORGE N. BRIGGS, H. H. CHILDS, PHINEHAS ALLEN, 0. P. DICKINSON, THOMAS A. GOLD. The following gentlemen were subsequently added to the above Committee: EZEKIEL BACON, NATHAN WILLIS, HOSEA MERRILL, Jr., THOMAS F. PLUNKETT, JAMES ROOT, ELIJAH ROB BINS, JOHN WELLER, ABEL WEST, HENRY ROOT, JARED INGERSOLL, THEODORE HINSDALE, JABEZ PECK, RICHARD C. COGSWELL, PARKER L. HALL, TITUS GOODMAN, JAMES FRANCIS, CHARLES CHURCHILL, JAMES D. COLT, 2(1, THEODORE POMEROY, HENRY COLT, THADDEUS CLAPP, GEORGE S. WILLIS, PHINEHAS ALLEN, Jr., ROBERT COLT, WM. M. WALKER, DAVID CAMPBELL, E. P. LITTLE, GEORGE P. BRIGGS, GORDON McKAY, TIMOTHY CHILDS, CHARLES BUSH, ROBERT POMEROY, ALANSON P. DEAN, EDWIN CLAPP, Ifi COMMITTKES. HAMI'KI. A.CHUUCIIILL, CALVIN MARTIN, KTHAN JANKS, DMVKIl S. ROOT, OTIS PKCK, (iKORGE W. CAMPBELL, HENRY Hl'nnARD, R0I5ERT CAMPBELL, WALTER LAFLFN, FRANKLIN ROOT, ENSIGN H. KELLOGG, ROBERT FRANCIS, Jr. AUXILIARY TOWN COMMITTEES. LEMUEL POMEROY, Pittsfield. HENRY H. CHILDS, " CHARLES SEDGWICK, Lenox. HENRY W. BISHOP, HORATIO BYINGTON, Stockbridge. EDWARD BURRALL, " INCREASE SUMNER, Great Barrington. WASHINGTON ADAMS, " EDWARD R. ENSIGN, Sheffield. ARETAS RISING, " GEORGE HULL, Sandisfield. LESTER FILLEY, Otis. SETH J. NORTON, New Marlborough. WILBUR CURTIS, Egremont. SAMUEL GATES, West Stockbridge. WILLIAM BACON, Richmond. DocT. FREELAND, Becket. WILLIAM E BRAYTON, Adams. THOMAS ROBINSON, " FRANKLIN 0. SAYLES, South Adams. R. PICKET, Alford. RUSSELL BROWN, Cheshire. JOHN CHAMBERLIN, Dalton. MONROE EMMONS, Hiasdale. ASAHEL BUCK, Jr., Lanesborough. OLIVER NASH, Peru. SNELLUM BABBIT, Savoy. SAMUEL FARGO, Jr., Tyringham. PHILIP FAMES, AVashington.^ DANIEL N. DEWEY, Williamstown ASAHEL FOOT, Jr., " WILLIAM PORTER, Jr., Lee. ALEXANDER HYDE, RODMAN HAZARD, Hancock. SILAS M. GARDNER. " PHINEHAS HARMON, N. Ashford. DANIEL MOWREY, Florida. Maj. RICE, Clarksburgh. IRA CHUTT, Mt. Washington. C. BALDWIN, Windsor. COMMITTEES. FINANCIAL COMMITTEE. JULIUS ROCKWELL, ENSIGN H. KELLOGG, PHINEHAS ALLEN, Jr. COMMITTEE OF RECEPTION. THOMAS A. GOLD, O. S. ROOT, E. R. COLT, GEORGE P. BRIGGS, ROBERT COLT. OFFICERS OF THE JUBILEE. president: His Excellencv Gov. BRIGGS. 17 vice-presidents : HENRY H. CHILDS, GEORGE HULL, EZEKIEL BACON, SAMUEL R. BETTS, DODDRIDGE CROCKER, MARSHALL S. BIDWELL, WM. P. WALKER, CHARLES A. DEWEY, NATHAN WILLIS, JOHN WHITING, LEMUEL POMEROY, CYRUS STOWELL, EDWARD A. NEWTON, JOSIAH Q. ROBINSON, PHINEHAS ALLEN, RUSSELL BROWN, HENRY HUBBARD, SAMUEL ROSSITER, WILBUR CURTISS, HENRY W. BISHOP, JAMES D. COLT, KEYES DANFORTH, JOHN MILLS, OLIVER P. COLT, CALVIN MARTIN, RODMAN HAZARD, JASON CLAPP, ISAAC HILLS, CHARLES SEDGWICK, JOHN CHAMBERLIN, HARVEY P. PEET, JAMES LARNED, WILLIAM PORTER, Jr., DANIEL N. DEWEY, HORATIO BYINGTON, THOMAS ROBINSON, LESTER FILLEY, INCREASE SUMNER, PARKER L. HALL, HOMER BARTLETT, EDWARD STEVENS, SAMUEL GATES, ELEAZER WILLIAMS, JOS. QUINCY, THOMAS F. PLUNKETT, JONATHAN ALLEN, DIODATUS NOBLE. chaplains: Rev. S. SHEPARD, D.D., Rev. JOHN ALDEN, Rev. JAMES BRADFORD, Rev. D. D. WIIEEDON. Rev. SAMUEL B. SHAW, FIRST DAY. AUG. 22. RECEPTION MEETING An informal meeting of the emigrant sons and the present residents of the County, took place at the Town Hall, at 11 o'clock, A.IM. Mr. Todd, Chairman of the County Committee, called the meeting to order, stated the arrangements which had been made, and introduced Thomas A. Gold, Esq,, Chairman of the Committee of Reception to the New York Committee. Mr. Gold welcomed our friends as follows: Fellow-Citizens, Sons of Berkshire from abroad : Brethren — As we meet on this unprecedented and joyful oc- casion, let us gratefully acknowledge the beneficent hand of Provi- dence. It is with no common emotion of satisfaction and happi- ness, as the organ of the Reception Committee, and in behalf of the natives and citizens of Berkshire, I tender to you our most sincere and heart-felt congratulations. We meet you with open doors and open hearts and wide stretched arms, to welcome you to your na- tive soil. Welcome, thrice welcome, brethren of old Berkshire, to all the hospitality and friendship which we, who have been spared to oc- cupy the old domain, can bestow on you and yours. It is a cir- cumstance of momentous import with your brethren at home, to have witnessed in their brethren from abroad, that fraternal at- tachment to the places of their nativity which suggested this happy — this eventful meeting. Let that spirit, and that heaven-born feeling that prompted it, kindle with increasing and permanent ardor, devotion and sincerity, and may it endure so long as the beautiful hills of Berkshire shall retain their verdure, and the in- numerable fountains upon them (emblematic of our friendship,) continue to throw out their pure and sparkling streams, that render ' C 0() BERKSIIIRF. JUBILEE. our swrct vale the most dclicjhtful spot on earth. What though aniou^' the Iartreat<-.l to the main army, a memorable victory over the enemy was gained on the samp - war. He was killed in an ambuscade of the enemy at Stone Arabia in Palatine, New-York, Oct. 19, 1780, aged 36. Of his children there survives only Mrs. Huldah Butler of Northampton, now at an advanced period of life, but who was present at the Jubilee. His son Henry C. Broxcn, who died in 183S, was Sheriff of the county. There was yet another officer of merit, who died during the war, Lieut. Col. Tho- mas Williams of Stockbridge, the son of Dr. Williams of Deerfield: he died at Skanesborough July 10, 1776, aged 30 years. Capt. Cha-pin was killed at Williams- town in the French war July 11, 1756; and Rev. Whitman Welch oi Williamstown, a chaplain, died near Quebec March 1776, aged 36. Stanza LXXX. — Some of the conspicuous soldiers and patriots of Berkshire, who survived the campaigns in which they served their country, are the following : Gen. Joseph Dwight of Great Barrington, commanded the artillery at the capture of Lewisburg in 1745; he died June 9, 1765, aged 62. He was judge both of the county court and of probate. He married the widow of the Rev. John Sergeant. Dr. Timothy Childs, a surgeon in the army, and a distinguished physician, died at Pittsfield Feb. 20, 1821, aged 73. Col. Joshua Danjorth, of Pittsfield served as an officer during the revolutionary war; during his whole life he was engaged in various public offices, the duties of which he discharged with great fidelity. He died Jan. 30, 1837, aged 77. Gen. John Fellows of Sheffield commanded a regiment in 1775. He was sheriff of the county. He died Aug. 1, 1808, aged 73. Col. Simon Lamed, of Pittsfield, was an officer in the war of the revolution and sheriff of the county. He died Nov. 16, 1817, aged 61. Gen. John Patterson of Lenox commanded a regiment of minute men in 1775, and marched to Cambridge after the battle of Lexington. He assisted in the capture of Burgoyne. Col. Oliver Root of Pittsfield was with Col. Brown at Palatine in 1780. He died May 2, 1826, aged 75. Gen. David Rossiter of Richmond commanded a company of minute men in 1775. He died March 8, 1811, aged 75. Col. Benjamin Simonds of Williamstown was a soldier in the French war of 1746. He died April 11, 1807, aged 81. There were also two Indian captains, Daniel Nimham and Timathy Yokun, who did good service to their country. Stanza LXXXL— The following were some of the judges in Berkshire: — Theodore Sedgwick, L.L.D. of Stockbridge, was a judge of the Supreme Court of Massachusetts. He had been a distinguished member of congress. He died Jan. 24, 1813, aged 66. Judge Daniel Dewy of Williamstown, was also a judge of the Supreme Court, and was a representative in the 13th congress. He died May 26, 1815, aged 49. Judge John Bacon of Stockbridge was the minister of the old South Church in Bos. ton from 1771 to 1775. He was afterwards a member of congress and presiding judge of the court of common pleas. He died Oct. 25, 1820, aged 82. Judge Nathaniel Bishop of Richmond was for many years register of probate, and NOTES. 91 judge of the court of common pleas from 1795 to 1811. He died Feb. 1, 1826, aged 75. Judge William Walker of Lenox was many years judge of probate and judge of the county court. In his old age he made great eflTorls in the cause of temperance. He died a few years ago. These faithful magistrates were fresh in the memory of the writer; but there have lived many others, as judges i>ictg/if, Williams, Woodbridge, Ashley, Marsh, WhUing, Skinner, and Noble, who in a history of Berkshire will not be forgotten. Stanza LXXXII. — The following is an alphabetical list of most of the deceased Ministers of Berkshire. It will not be inferred, that all of them died in the towns of which they were once the ministers. An account of the remarifable influence of reli- gious truth under their faithfi;! preaching, would make an interesting volume. In one instance eighty persons,, at the same time and place, made a public profession of their belief in Jesus Christ and were received as members of the church. Caleb Alexander, D.D., New Marlborough, died 1828, aged 70 or more. Thomas Allen, Pittsfield, died 1810, aged 67. Joseph Avery, Tyringham, died 1811, aged 70. David Avery, Windsor, died 1819, upwards of 70, Adonijah Bidwell, Tyringham, died 1784, upwards of 60. Gideon Bostwick, Episcopalian, Great Barrington, died 1793, aged 50. Sylvester Burt, Great Barrington, died 1836, aged 54. Jacob Catlin, D.D., New Marlborough, died 1826, aged 68. Daniel Collins, Lanesborough, died 1822, aged 83. John Dc Witt, D.D., Lanesborough, died 1831, aged 41. Edwin W. Dwight, Richmond, died 1841, aged 50. Jonathan Edwards, Stockbridge, died 1758, aged 54. Ebenezer Fitch, D.D., president of VVms. Coll. died 1833, aged 76. Ralph W. Gridley, Williamstown, died 1840, aged 46. Edward D. Griffin, D.D., president of Wms. Coll. died 1837, ag«l 67. Theodore Hinsdale, Hinsdple, died 1818, aged 80. Samuel Hopkins, D.D., Great Barrington, died 1803, aged 83. Jonathan Hubbard, Sheffield, died 1765, aged 61. Alvan Hyde, D.D., Lee, died 1833, aged 65. Ephraim Judson, Sheffield, died 1813, aged 76. John Keep, Sheffield, died 1785, aged 35. Walter King, Williamstown, died 1815, aged 57. Aaron Kinne, Alford, died 1824, aged 79. John Leland, Peru, died 1826, upwards of 70. John Leland, Baptist, Cheshire, died 1841, aged 85. Joseph L. Mills, Becket, died 1841, aged 58. Zephaniah S. Moore, D.D., president of Wms. Coll. died 1823, aged 52. David Perry, Richmond, died 1817, aged 71. John Sergeant, Stockbridge, died 1749, died, 38. Thomas Strong, New Marlborough, died 1777, aged 61. Job Swift, D.D., Richmond, died 1804, aged 61. Seth Swift, Williamstown, died 1807, aged about 55. Whitman Welch, Williamstown, died 1776, aged 36. Peter Werden, Baptist, Cheshire, died 1808, aged 80. Stephen West, D.D., Stockbridge, died 1819, aged 83. Elijah Wheeler, Great Barrington, died 1827, aged 53. Samuel Whelpley, West Stockbridge, died 1817, aged 51. These ministers differed in their philosophical theories, or in the metaphysics of theology; but they agreed in what they regarded as the elementary and chief princi- ples of the Gospel, and in preaching them faithfully. Several of them were learned and eminent writers. Indeed, it is believed, that in the little territory of Berkshire 02 15KHKSI1IRE JUBILEE. of llif exlciit of .'jO miles by 20, there have lived minislers, who have produced more hooks on metaphysical theology, than have been produced by all the other metaphy- sical WTitci-s of this western continent. I have reference to the writings of Dr. Hop- kins, of the two Edwards', of Dr. West and Dr. Griffin, and to three volumes by Rev. Henry P. Tappan. Stanza. XCIV.— To jircvent misapprehension it may be proper to mention, that the author preached his first sermon in his Father's pulpit, .luly 29, 1804, more than 40 years ago ; but, spending afterwards a few years at Cambriilge as an officer of the College, he was not settled at Pittsfield as the successor of his Father, until Oct. 10, 1810. Asking a dismission in 1817, his successors in the ministry have been Rev. Heman Humphrey, D.D., subsequently the president of Amherst College; Rev. Rufua VV. Bailey, subsequently the head of a Seminary in South Carolina; Rev. Henry P. Tappan, subsequently a professor in the University of New-York; Rev. John W. Yeomans, D.D., subsequently the president of a College at Easton, Pennsylvania; Rev. H. N. Brinsmade, D.D., now of Newark, New-Jersey; and Rev. John Todd, the present minister, all of whom are living. Stanza XC VIII. — The following Mssioriories were natives or citizens of Berkshire: Frederic Ayer, to the Ojibwas. Nathan Benjamin, at Athens, in Greece, 1838. Josiah Brewer, at Smyrna, 1826. J. C. Brisham, South America. Dr. Elizur Butler, Cherokees. Daniel S. Butrick, Cherokees. Cyrus Byington, a lawyer, Choctaws. Josiah Hemingway, Cherokees. Harvey R. Hitchcock, Sandwich Islands. Ebenezer Hotclikin, Choctaws. Benton Piiley, Osages. David White, died at Cape Palmas, 1837. One of the earliest and most eminent missionaries to the east, Gordon Hall, was educated at Williams' College, and was a preacher at Pittsfield in 1810. He embarked in 1812 and died in 1826, Stanza XCIX. — Sylvester Lamed, the first minister of the First Presbyterian Church in New Orleans, was the son of Col. Simon Lamed of Pittsfield. During my ministry in that town he made a public profession of his belief in Jesus Christ, and became a member of the church in 1813. He died at New Orleans of the j'ellow fever on his birth day, Aug. 31, 1820, aged 24 years. " His Life and Eloquence," by R, R. Gurley was published in 1844; nor in that book is there any exaggeration of his remarkable talents, and endowments, and qualifications to do good in the great city of the south. There was a remarkable cluster of young men, the graduates of Middlebury College, who died in early life; — Rev. Sylvester Lamed, Professor Solo- mon Metcalf Allen, Rev. Levi Parsons, Rev. Pliny Fisk, and Rev. Joseph R. Andrus : to these, and to Professor Alexander M. Fisher, his friends, Rev. Carlos Wilcox, a writer of great merit, who himself died in 1827, alludes in the following elegiac lines, — regarding them as once assembled at Andover Theological Seminary. " Ye were a group of stars, collected here, Some mildly glowing, others sparkling bright ; Here, rising in a region calm and clear, Ye shone awhile with intermingled light ; Then, parting, each pursuing his own flight O'er the wide hemisphere, ye singly shone ; But, ere ye climbed to half your promised height, Ye sunk again with brightening glory round you thrown ; Each left a brilliant track, as each expired alone." NOTES. 93 Stanza C. — Probably the following is not a complete list of the Daughters of Berk- shire, who have gone out as missionaries: — Anna Burnham, to the Choctaws, 1822. Mrs. Eunice G. Jones, wife of Abner D. Jones, Choctaws. Mrs. Elizabeth M. Rogers, wife of Eilmund H. Rogers, Sandwich Islands. Emily Root, N. Y. Indians at Seneca. Mrs. Mercy Whitney, wife of Samuel Whitney, Sandwich Islands. Mrs. Judith Wisner, wife of Samuel Wisner, Cherokees. Besides these. Miss Salome Danforth, the daughter of Colonel Joshua Danforth of Pittsfield, is at the head of a flourishing female Protestant Boariling School in the village of Bournabut, six miles from Smyrna — theonly school of the kind in the Turk- ish empire; — and the chiefpatrons and supporters of this school, it is believed, ore ladies of Pittsfield. Last Note. — In the delivery of this Poem a few stanzas relating to the living sons of Berkshire were introduced, by the advice of a friend, in order to promote the good fellowship of the occasion; but, after answering this temporary purpose, they are properly omitted in this publication, as they were not designed to be a pari of the [)oem. Some introiluctory lines are also omitted; and some names, which were interwoven in the text, will be found in the notes. PUBLIC EXERCISES. 95 8. HYMN. Tune— OW Hundred. (The whole Congregation uniting.) Command thy blessing from above, O God ! on all assembled here ; Behold us with a Father's love, While we look up with filial fear. Command thy blessing, Jesus, Lord ! May we thy true disciples be : Speak to each heart the mighty word, Say to the weakest " Follow me." Command thy blcssiiig in this hour. Spirit of Truth ! and fdl this place With humbling and exalting power. With quickening and confirming grace. O thou, our Maker, Savior, Guide, One true, eternal God confest; May nought in life or death divide The friends in sweet communion blest. 9. POEM, by Palmer. M THE MOTHER. LAND'S HOME-CALL. BY WILLIAM PITT PALMER. We miss the swallows' graceful wing When autumn leaves grow pale and sere, But with the first soft gale of spring Her purple plumes again appear : Green isles that crown the southern main Smiled sweetly on their minstrel guest; Yet all their gorgeous charms were vain, To wean her from her mountain nest. But ye whose truant feet have coursed Afar o'er alien lands and seas, By no imperious instinct forced To seek for sunnier skies than these — Why turn ye not ? ah! wherefore let Strange scenes your charmed fancies bind 1 Ah, why for long, long years forget The homes and hearts ye left behind 1 O spurn at last ambition's chain Around your better natures wrought. Nor longer swell the eager train Of fame or fortune's Juggernaut ! Return, and boyhood's faded spring Shall bloom round manhood's homeward track; And memory's refluent sunshine fling The shadow from life's dial back ! 98 UEKKSlllUK JLDILEK. Tlie t^rove's lone aisles shall ring again With music of their vernal choirs, While gaily on from glen to glen The wild brooks sweep their silvery lyres: And love shall ply her tenderest art, Sweet home her sweetest aspect wear. That wearied mind and wounded heart May find a sure Bethesda there. Come seek the scenes of boyish glee, The haunts of youth's sedater hours, And, dearer yet, the try sting-tree Still wreathed with love's immortal flowers; Come muse where oft in years gone by O'er kindred dust ye bent the knee. And feel twere almost sweet to die. Since that green turf your couch shall be! RESPONSE OF THE HOMECOMERS. BY WILLIAM PITT PALMER. Hail, Land of Green Mountains! whose valleys and streams Are fair as the Muse ever pictured in dreams; Where the stranger oft sighs with emotion sincere, — Ah, would that my own native home had been here! Hail, Land of the lovely, the equal, the brave, Never trod by the foe, never tilled by the slave; Where the lore of the world to the hamlet is brought, And speech is as free as the pinions of thought. But blest as thou art, in our youth we gave ear To hope when she whispered of prospects more dear, Where the hills and the vales teem with garlands untold. And the rainbow ne'er flies with its jewels and gold. Yet chide not too harshly thy truants grown gray In the chase of bright phantoms that lured us astray; For weary and lone has our pilgrimage been From the haunts of our chidhood, the graves of our kin. Nor deem that with us, out of sight out of mind Were the homes and the hearts we left saddened behind: As the hive to the bee, as her nest to the dove. These, these have been ever our centre of love. Yes, when far away from thee, Land of our birth, We have mused mid the trophies and Tempes of earth. Our thoughts, like thy spring-birds flown home oVr the sea, In day-dreams and night-dreams have still been with thee. n. DOXOLOGY. 12. BENEDICTION. SECOND DAY. FRIDAY, AUGUST 23d, 10 O'CLOCK, A. M. 1. SINGING. Ode—" TJu Pilgrim's ndurnP BY HON. EZEKIEL BACON. [Written for the occasion] I. Hark ! from our " Father-land'' we hear, Its fond inviting voice ; " Haste to your natal Jubilee, And with my sons rejoice." ir. We come, we come, from distant climes, With joy to greet the day, And in thy sacred temples here Once more our vows to pay. III. [We come from Maine's stern rock-bound coast, From homes upon the deep, From where the Vine and Olive blooms, The balmy zephyrs sleep.] IV. [Where'er our wandering lin^t )nny roam, Where'er our lot is ca.st. To thee, dear land, our hearts slill luni. Our first love, — and our last. I 102 BRRKSIIIKE JUniLEK. V. [For on thy fair and fostering soil Our cradled limbs were rocked ; To thee our early years were given, Our ripe affections locked.] VI. And though the bosoms kind that nursed Our infancy may rest Within their " dark and narrow bed," In clay cold vestments drest ; VII. The temples where we humbly knelt No more may lift their spires ; And in the old paternal halls May cease their wonted fires ; VIII. Yet long those sainted names shall live, " The memories of the just;" The holy Fanes our feet have trod. Though mouldered long in dust. IX. Still in these pleasant, peaceful vales, Temples m.ore glorious rise, As through their hallowed portals pass Fresh Pilgrims to the skies. ■2. PRAYER, by Rev. D. D. Field, D D. PUBLIC EXERCISES. ^ 103 3. SINGING. Song. Tune— "Come to the Sunset Tree:' BY A LADY. [Written for the occasion.] Come to the old roof tree, — To thy childhood's happy home, — To the hearts which beat for thee, — Beloved wanderer, come ! Come ye of the unbowed head, — Ye of the joyful breast, — Come where your feet have sped In childhood's sweet unrest. Come to the purling stream. Come to the pebbly shore, Come, for the sunny beam Laughs brightly as of yore. Come to the old roof tree, To thy childhood's happy home, To hearts which beat for thee, — Beloved wanderer, come ! We know that on many a heart Sorrow hath left its trace ; — We know that care hath robb'd The bloom from many a face ; — But come to the father's door, Come to the mother's love, For here is joy once more Meet for the blest above. Come to the old roof tree, &c. N 104 BERKSHIRE JUBILEE. Perchance the n^mve is ^reen Of those you held most dear ; But come where their love hath been — For their spirits linger near ! Come to the sacred mound, — 'Twill raise the heart above To the better home they've found With the pure and true above. Come to the old roof tree, &c. Come, though the gray-hair'd sire Sleep 'neath the coffin lid, — Come, though the mother's grace From thy longing gaze be hid ; •Come to the old roof tree And bend the knee in prayer, Thou shalt go forth more pure For having worshiped there. Come to the old roof tree, To thy childhood's happy home,- To the hearts which beat for thee. Beloved wanderer, — come ! 4. ORATION, by Hon. Joshua A. Spencer. 1 AN OEATIOF, PRONOUNCED AT PITTSFIELD, AT THE BEEKSHIEE JUBILEE, AUGUST 23, 1844. By JOSHUA A. SPENCER. OEATION. We have come in answer to a Mother's call. The dispersed sons and daughters of Berkshire have return- ed to their own hill country, and to their early kindred, and we have altogether come up to our Jerusalem to worship. It is a meeting of kindred spirits which has broken up the deep fountains of our hearts, and they are gushing forth in streams of love, and joy, and gra- titude. Filled with these emotions, in justice to my own as well as to your feelings, I can address you only as Fathers, Mothers, Sisters, Brothers, Friends ; for in these relations alone have we been welcomed, and none beside can feel our joys. Since our return we have seen the sun rise, and set where it rose and set to the eyes of our childhood — have looked upon the green hills " which we beheld in the days of our youth," have visited the old dwellings ol" our fathers, looked into the well and seen face answering to face in water, but not to the face of youth ; we have drank from the old moss grown bucket, " trod llic path- way to the old pasture, to the orchard, to the mea- dow; have rambled over our old nutting and hunting 110 BERKSHIRE JUBILEE. and fishing fi^rounds; " Slaked our thirst at the same perennial spring or gurgling rill, and tasted the winter green plucked from the woody hill side — we have loitered around the old school house, looked into it, but saw not the smiling school-dame," nor our little school fellows. We have ran over the racing ground of our boyhood, and bathed in the same stream. We have worshiped in the same " meeting house," and heard preached the Gospel of peace. We there met a few familiar faces, many half recognized countenan- ces, but more who were strangers unto us. In early morning, or in the evening twilight, we have gone to the resting place of our departed friends, read there the inscriptions on monuments erected in parental, fra- ternal, and filial affection, listened to the " small still voice " speaking from the grave, and our hearts held sweet, silent converse with their blessed spirits which seemed hovering there. In all these scenes has indeed been awakened " The memory of joys that are past, Pleasant and mournful to the soul." Until this our return, we did not fully realize how ardently we love "our own, our Native land," and our " kindred who have remained here to beautify the old homestead," while we have gone out to expend our energies in other portions of this land. We have come to rejoice with you while *'we are gathered at the hearth of our Mother to hold a day of congratulations and sweet recollections." And with grateful hearts have we found that vou "love us none the less be- ORATION. Ill cause we have gone from you." And your hearts' desire shall be satisfied, for " the home of our child- hood does live and will live green in our memory." It is the joy and pride of our hearts to feel and acknow- ledge with you, that " the chain which binds us to you is more than golden, and we too, would have its links grow stronger and brighter." Let it be extended until it shall encircle the whole earth and bind togreth- er our common brotherhood. How true is it my friends, that " the sons of old Mas- sachusetts have reason to revere and love their native soil. She is the mother and nurse of a might}^ people. She does indeed hold on her way with her soil trodden by the free, and the air of her mountains still breathed by a noble race of men. Her hills, her vallies and her limpid streams remain as they were,', but even these shall not endure as long as shall the great principles which lie at the foundation of her institutions. It is now nearly two hundred and twenty-four years since our Pilgrim Fathers reached the bleak coast of this " new world," and effected a landing at the con- secrated " Rock of Plymouth," with a wide waste of water on the one side, and a wilderness waste on the other. The history of their sacrifices, their sufferings and their achievements is familiar to us all. It will remain so to after generations as long as grateful hearts shall beat in American breasts. They came freighted with riches more enduring than gold, more precious than pearls — a knowledge of the true, the great prin- ciples of religious and civil liberty, resolved on their 1J2 iil.KKMIIKK .11 lllLEE. maintrnancc at every sacrifice. These principles they carefully planted in the soil of their chosen home, wa- tered th(^ni with their tears, and guarded them with their prayers. They took deep root, have had a steady growth, and will, under the protection of a righteous God, continue to spread until they cover the whole earth. After the memorable event just mentioned, more than one hundred years elapsed and Berkshire re- mained an unbroken forest, peopled only by a few red men along the banks of its beautiful Housatonic. Not until 1725, did our bold hardy ancestors effect a settle- ment within its borders. Sheffield has the honor of affording an asylum to the pioneers, and of being the first incorporated town. Among these fearless men were Noble, Austin, Ashley, and others whose names will be revered by their descendants, while the history of our country remains. True to the great principles of the Pilgrims, the Ge- neral Assembly in its grant of two townships of which Sheffield is a portion, directed its commissioners to re- serve lands for the first settled minister, for the future support of the Gospel, and for the maintenance of schools. This was no novel evidence of the wisdom which distinguished the councils of the Colony, and has since done the Councils of the State ; and con- ferred such enduring benefits and blessing upon man- kind. Religion and universal education have always occupied a prominent place in the deliberations and acts of our time-honored sires. ^ ORATION. 113 Great Barrington and Egremont, at that early day forming part of Sheffield, were settled soon after. Here have lived the Ingersolls, the Hopkins', the AVhitings, the Iveses, and other time-honored names. In the history of Stockbridge, there is much of in- terest. Here, soon after the commencement of the white settlements, on the Housatonic below, under the kind care of their white fathers, were gathered tlie scattered families of the "River Indians." In 1734, Mr. John Sergeant, their first missionary, became their spiritual teacher, and Mr. Timothy W'oodbridge their schoolmaster. Efforts were early made to enlarge the means of instruction by the aid of the manual labor of the pupils. The Rev. Dr. Watts and Captain Coram, lent their aid to raise funds in England, and the Prince of Wales, Mr. Hollis, and many other distinguished men contributed to the funds of the mission. On the demise of Mr. Sergeant, the renowned Presi- dent Edwards became his successor, assisted by other distinguished men. It was here he composed his great work on the Will. Among the good men connected witli tJiis benevo- lent enterprise, Capt. John Koukapot's name deserves a place. He was a native, as brave as he was iiiithful, and as religious as he was brave. The immediate fruits of these labors of love, were the rearing of many educated men who shared in the ecclesiastical, the civil, and the military concerns of the times ; in the efficient aid of the tribe in the Avar of the Revolution, and in the securily afforded to the surround- o 114 BERKSHIRE JUBILEE. inp^ white inhabitants against the hostile incursions of'other tribes of'Indians by their presence, their known fidelity, watchfulness and bravery. Soon after the peace of 1783, this tribe of Indians removed to a tract of land given them by the Oneida nation in the State of New- York. This they called New Stockbridge. Upon this fertile spot of six miles square, with the younger Sergeant for their minister, they continued to reside until the year 1822. AVithmany of the leading men of this little community, I became acquainted soon after 1811 ; and it affords me pleasure to bear testimony to their high character for industry, sobriety, intelli- gence and integrity. Their example furnishes a beau- tiful illustration of the benign influence of civilization and the Christian religion upon the red man of the forest, and high evidence of the faithfulness of those good men who were employed as their instructors. The nation still exists as a distinct community near the head of Green Bay, with most of the Oneidas for their neighbors, where with faithflilness under God's blessing, they maintain their praiseworthy habits and character. The first printing press established in the County, in 1788, was at Stockbridge ; and from it not the " star in the East," but the "Western Star" appeared to shed its mellow light upon Berkshire's hills. Not long after, issuing from a press in Pittsfield, the "Sun" arose in the firmament of this County, and its rays gilded the hill tops, and illuminated the vallies. Among my earliest recollections is the post-rider bearing these ORATION. 115 lights of the mind. Methinks there can now be heard in the distance, the sound of his horn announcing his welcome approach. Here too, at an early day, other lights appeared and shone in their brightness, in the sacred desk, at the bar, on the judicial bench, and in the halls of legisla- tion. Among them a long catalogue of names might be enumerated, but it is unnecessary. They live in history, and in the memory of their descendants. Of these "many daughters have done virtuously, but one excellest them all." She has done honor to her illus- trious sire, to her sex, and to our country. " Her works do follow her." Compared with the rapid peopling of the great west, the settlement of Berkshire was slow. But it was pro- gressive and onward. The same noble race of men which first entered its borders with strong arms, reso- lute hearts, and dauntless courage, penetrated its deep forests and laid them low. In the vallies and on the hill-sides, the cleared fields and the waving grain ap- peared. While yet only the log house was their dwell- ing place, the meeting house and the school house were neither forgotten nor neglected. The minister of the Gospel was at his labor, and the schoolmaster was abroad in the land. What else than that which we have seen and do now see, could be the fruit of such a beginning ? The settlement of the northern towns was conside- rably retarded by the frequent incursions of the Indians from Canada. These occasioned the building of Fort ]in BERKSHIRE JUBILEE. Massarlui setts in Adams, and a smaller fortification in Williaiiistown bclbro the first French war. Under the protection of these forts, after the close of that war in 174H, and while they were commanded by Col. Ephraim Williams the younger, the settlement of the northern towns commenced. In Lenox in 1750, in Pittsfield and Williamstown in 1752. But as late as 1755, the set- tlers were compelled to flee before the stealthy foe and take refuge in Stockbridge, with the loss of some of their number. These severe trials did not entirely subside until several years afterward. The treaty of peace between England and France in 1763, brought them to a close. Before this period settlements had commenced in most of the towns of the County. Six only however were then incorporated. From this time until the commencement of the war of the Revo- lution, Eastern Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island, gave up many of their resolute sons and daugh- ters to people this Switzerland, and the wilderness was soon converted into fruitful fields. But peace did not long continue. They were however found equal to every exigency. The Colonial difficulties with the mother country had not been unobserved by them. The world has heard of the fame of the Congress of 1776, and scarcely less known are the memorable pro- ceedings of the Mecklenburgh convention of 1775. But earlier than either of these, on the 6th day 1774, a Congress of Deputies of the several towns in this county, convened at Stockbridge, of which John Ashley was chosen President, and Theodore Sedgwick was ORATION. 117 appointed Secretary. Sixty members were in atten- dance. The names and the transactions of this band of Patriots should be as well known and as familiar to the sons and daughters of Berkshire, as is the declara- tion of our National Independence. Among much other business done, a covenant was agreed upon and recommended to be signed by the people of the County, engaging with each other " not to import, purchase, or consume any goods, wares, or manufactures arriving in America from Great Britain, until their charter and constitutional rights should be restored. " To observe the most strict obedience to all Consti- tutional laws and authority. " To promote peace, love, and unanimity among each other. " To take the most prudent care for the raising of Sheep and Flax, and the manufacture of clothes and linen, and to withhold all dealings and transactions with those persons who should refuse to sign or ob- serve the covenant." And they recommended and set apart Thursday, the 14th July, for a day of fasting and prayer, to implore the divine assistance that he would interpose and in mercy avert those evils with which they were threat- ened. In after years similar conventions were held, in which the condition of the County and the country were considered, and measures for promoting the ge- neral welfare recommended. 1 IS DERKSIIIRE JUBILEE. That which shows as well the rapid growth of the County after the close of the French war, as the rea- diness of the people for determined action, is the raising of two regiments of '' minute men " in this same year ; the one commanded by Col. John Patter- son of Lenox, and the other by Col. John Fellows of Sheffield. These men were not misnamed. On the 18th April, 1775, the battle of Lexington was fought! news of it reached Berkshire, (not by the rail-road,) on the 20th, at noon. At sunrise the next morning, Col. Patterson's regiment, completely equipped and uniformed, were on the march to Boston. Fired by the same spirit. Col. Fellows' regiment with equal promptitude and appointment, proceeded to Boxbury. Many of these brave men remained in the service to the close of the war. Nor did Berkshire at any other time, nor in any emergency during the fearful struggle falter in her duty. As she then shared in the sacrifi- ces made upon her country's altar, so does she now in the glory of her achievement. At length, as is well known, peace came. But 1783 witnessed no sudden recovery of prosperity. After a few years of manly struggle to bring plenty out of de- stitution, the people of this County, in common with those of the State, were put to a new trial of their pa- triotism. In 1786 domestic insurrection raised its fiendish form, sundering the ties of kindred and friends, and threatening anarchy throughout the entire State. But here again were our fathers found equal to the emergency. Prompt and energetic action soon dis- ORATIOIf . y 9 persed and put to flight the insurgents, but not with- out the loss of life in the principal battle, which was fought at Sheffield, on the 27th Feb., 1787. Quiet was soon after restored, but the evils inflicted were not so speedily cured. Asperity and division in families. Churches, and Society, occasioned by this outbreak, required years to wear away. Of the insurgents, four- teen were tried for treason, convicted, and sentenced to death. But to the honor of our Country, history will record that even in the infancy of our institutions as well as in their manhood, no life has been taken by the hangman for political offences. But let us turn from this painful incident in Berk- shire's history, to the pleasant contemplation of anoth- er, which speaks peace and good will to men. Its record is among the brightest pages of her history, and its gentle influences are felt not only here, but in every quarter of the globe. Col. Ephraim Williams, to whose name, allusion has already been made, as is well known was the founder of the seat of sound learning in this County. He fell in the service of his country as the commander of a regiment, on the 8th of September, 1755, near the shores of Lake George, when only forty-one years old. For several years he had followed the ocean, niid had made many voyages to Europe, but had relinquislied this pursuit prior to the first French war in 1744. In this war he was greatly distinguished for his bravery as the captain of a company in the army of New Eng- land for the Canadian service. Soon after its close 1^^ BERKSHIRE JUBILEE. he was apfu^intcd to the coiniuand of the line of Mas- sachusetts Forts on the west side of the Connecticut river, and made his head-quarters principally at Fort Massachusetts. In its vicinity he was the owner of considerable tracts of land, and witnessed the com- mencement of their settlement. The strong afiections of his generous heart were drawn out towards the fel- lers of the forest, for he saw and felt their dangers, their privations, their hardships, and their sufferings. He resolved to be their benefactor, and he became the benefactor of mankind. On his march to the northern frontier, on the 22nd July, 1755, a few days before his death, he made his will. By this, after bequests to his kindred, he directed " that the remainder of his land should be sold at the discretion of his executors with- in five years after an established peace ; and that the interest of the monies arising from the sale, and the interest of his notes and bonds should be applied to the support of a free school in a township west of Fort Massachusetts forever, provided the township when incorporated should be called AVilliamstown." This trust has been most faithfully executed; for notwithstanding the almost uninterrupted continuance of war from the lamented death of this good man, un- til the close of the Revolutionary struggle in 1783, we find these trustees as early as 1785, making applica- tion to the Legislature, for a law to enable them more fully and beneficially to carry into effect the high pur- poses of their appointment. An act incorporating a free school was passed, and nine trustees Avere ap- ORATION. 121 pointed. A lottery for its aid was granted, which re- alized $3,500. The inhabitants subscribed $2,000 more, and in 1790 an edifice was erected. The next year a school was opened under the care of Mr. Ebe- nezer Fitch. The people of Williamstown, influenced by a most commendable desire fully to carry out the object of the founder, in 1793 petitioned the legislature to erect the free school into a college. The prayer was grant- ed, accompanied with a farther endowment of $4,000. Thus was brought into existence within ten years after the close of a long desolating war, this favorite seat of learning of which Berkshire may be justly proud without reproach. Its onward course for fifty years, is a name and a praise in the whole earth. The light of its thousand educated men has not been hid Their' s and our country's history will be written together. In 1807, Samuel J. Mills, Gordon Hall, and James Richards, were pupils there. Often in lonely retire- ment on the banks of the Hoosac River, their young hearts communed together, and their united prayers for the heathen ascended to the throne of grace. They were heard and answered. In 1808, in one of the rooms of the college, a society was formed by them and a few other kindred spirits, for sending a mission to the heathen. For its com- mencement they wrestled until 1810, when on the 27th June of that year, Adoniram Judson, Samuel Nott, Jr., Samuel J. Mills and Samuel Newell, submit- ted their views to the general Association of Massa- p 122 BEIIKSHIRE JUBILEE. chusetts, and sought the advice and counsel of the fa- thers of the church. Immediately the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions was organized by that body of men, and commenced its great work. The hearts of these young men were already prepared to obey their Master's command — " Go ye into all the world and preach the Gospel to every creature." They went, and with what zeal, fidelity and success they fulfilled their mission, need not here be told. They are written in the history of the church. The broad stream of benevolence which here commenced its steady flow, has already borne its life-imparting influ- ence to the islands of the sea, and to the uttermost parts of the earth. The heathen are made glad in its coming, and clap their hands for joy. But who can tell what will assuredly be done through this instrumen- tality? That is reserved for the unfoldings of eter- nity. May not Berkshire too, well rejoice in the prosperity of her Metropolitan village ? Not the first to begin, but the first in the course of all the lovely places of business activity and quiet retirement within her bor- ders. Pittsfield's long well shaded streets, her deeply embowered dwellings with their spacious pleasure grounds, wear the distinctive and charming livery of New England village scenery. Here is the home of comfort, refinement, and, as we well know, of hospita- lity. In the midst of the enchantment, her far famed elm lifts its lofty branches to meet the sun in his com- ing. ORATION. 123 " Wise with the lore of centuries What tales, if there were tongues in trees, That giant elm could tell." With what pleasure would we listen in silence to its teaching ? We might perhaps inquire, how long ago its young geim peered above the surface ? At what early day the birds nested and caroled in its branches ? When the red man first rested at its foot ? In what year it lifted its head above its surrounding fellows and became their king ? How these one by one at long intervals, or in quick succession fall ? How ma- ny " winter's winds have whistled through its branch- es," since it became the forest king ? What was done amidst these hills before the light of civilization dawned upon them? But 'tis dumb — it will not an- swer ; and we will console ourselves with the reflec- tion that we are not the first of our race whose ques- tions have failed of solution. With pleasure too, have our eyes seen that of which we had before heard — these seats of science and learn- ing. Let the knowledge of this Medical Institution go forth with healing in its wings. Let all live and flour- ish. Let their usefulness be commensurate with their fame. But that which has greatly rejoiced the hearts of Berkshire's guests is, that wc have everywhere wit- nessed surprising improvements in all the departments of life. " Her hills, her vallies and her limped streams do in truth remain as they were ; but the former are greatly beautified by the hand of man, and the latter 124 HERKSHIRE JUBILEE. pressed into his service, and made the source of increas- ing wealth." And her people ever true to their inter- ests, will still farther press them into their service, and draw still greater wealth from the same unfailing source. Berkshire may justly claim the honor of having formed and established the first Agricultural Society in our country. This was incorporated in 1811, under the active and influential agency of the Hon. Elkanah Watson, then a resident of the County. It has ever since held its annual fair at Pittsfield, in the month of October in each year, and has exerted a powerful and highly beneficial influence upon the great and diversified agricultural interests of the County not only, but of our country at large. Its legitimate fruits are strong and abiding friendship and good feeling among the people : the better cultivation of the soil, the beau- tifying of the farms, the great improvement of all kinds of domestic animals, and of household manufac- tures, and the vast increase of production ; the well deserved reward of ingenuity and industry. These few leading incidents in the settlement, his- tory, and present condition of Berkshire, have been brought before our minds on the present occasion only by way of remembrance, that we may contemplate in broad contrast the privations and sufferings of its early settlers, and the benefits and blessings everyAvhere enjoyed by their descendants ; so that thankfulness and gratitude may fill our hearts. Nor has Berkshire, in common with all New Eng- ORATION. 125 land, been wanting in expansive benevolence. She has not Avithheld her offspring from going forth to peo- ple other portions of our country, carrying with them the principles and habits of their Fathers. In every State of the Union, and in almost every hamlet, thev and their descendants are now found and known ; and wherever they are, their impress is seen and felt. We live in an eventful age. Since the commence- ment of our National existence, we have witnessed greater advancement in the arts of civilized life, llian had been beheld in centuries before. The application of steam to the purposes of navigation, to locomotion, to every department of Mechanics, forms an epoch more marked than any other since our Savior's advent. The middle ages of the world are distinguished by the discovery of the Magnetic Needle, enabling distant nations to hold easy intercourse with each other, and converting the wide ocean which before lay waste, into a great highway ; on which nautical science has drawn every line, and marked every point. And by the invention of printing, which freighted tJieir ships with the combined knowledge of the world, making it the common property of all. But who can recount the increased power for doing good which steam has imparted to this invention and to this discovery ? The power press — the steam ship — the rail-road car. From the one, as from the sun in the firmament, the light of intellectual man is radiated, and by the oth- ers, almost with the celerity of light, it is borne across ocean and continent. 126 BERKSHIRE JUUILEE. All these means for advancing National greatness and individual prosperity and happiness, are by the providence of God, placed in our young and vigorous hands. With them we are to demonstrate the great problem " that man is capable of self government," — that the American people, w^ithout kings or nobles, can at the same time be rulers, and ruled according to their own will, without change of dynasty, and without decay. How this can best be done, concerns us and our children. Our government, unlike any other, commenced its existence with all its proportions fully developed. The wisdom of mature manhood laid its foundations deep and strong, built thereon the superstructure, and put all its parts in harmonious movement. The great builders have gone to their reward, and we have suc- ceeded to the inheritance. Our's is the humbler, though little less responsible duty of its preservation, with such improvements as experience shall suggest, and to transmit it to our children not only unimpaired, but strengthened and improved. How better, indeed how else can this high duty be discharged than by a careful study of the elements of New England character, and by the maintenance and preservation of their combined whole in all its symme- trical proportions ? Here with the light of History is found the distin- guishing difterence between ours and all the free gov- ernments of antiquity, and the reason why they are long since only known in History, or by their ruins, ORATION. 127 and why we may indulge the hope, yea the confident expectation, that our's shall endure while time endures. Their people were pagans, idolators, their temples and their gods were alike, of their own creation. We are Christians, and worship the uncreated, the living and true God. They and their temples and their deities have come to nothing. Our God ever lives and reigns. Their religion was a Mythology built upon the sand. Our's is the religion of the Bible, built upon the Rock of Ages. It endures from everlasting to everlasting. i Let then the Bible be our study as it was that of our Fathers. Let its light shine, not of its burnino- leaves, but of the principles which dwell in it. Let it be to us and to our chidren a pillar of cloud by day and of fire by night, to lead us not to our promised land, but in our land already possessed. Without a knowledge of the Bible, all will agree that there can be no religious liberty. It seems to me almost equally clear that without religious liberty, civil liberty cannot exist. Hence it is plain that the study of the Bible is alike indispensable to the civilian, to the statesman, and to the teacher of religion. AV'here else with equal success, can be learned the absolute and relative rights and duties of men or of govern- ments ? Where is it recorded on the pages of History, that tyrants have ever effectually conquered and sub- jugated a people whose liberties and virtue were found- ed on the word of God? His government over his intelligent creatures is instituted in infinite benevo- I 28 BERKSHIRE JUBILEE. lence for their benefit. 8uch too should be the great end and aim of all civil governments and laws. Civil liberty does not depend so much on the remo- val of all restraint from men, as in the due restraint of the natural liberty of all. It deals with men as social beings, and teaches them hoAV to enjoy their own, without infringing upon another's rights. How much they are to surrender for the sake of securing the en- joyment of the residue. It teaches obedience to the law, and promises protection and security in the en- joyment of life, liberty and property. There can be no free government which is not founded on the great principle, that all that is valuable in civil institutions, rests on the intelligence and virtue of the people. This acknowledges the right, and en- joins the duty of the people to understand their public interests, and to adopt such means in conformity to law, as in their judgment will best promote them. These responsible duties can never be well dis- charged, nor these great rights secured, without regard to another element of the New England character — That of universal education. Next to religion, this subject lies nearest the heart of every New Englander. It is so interwoven with his very nature, that it is car- ried with him wherever he goes, and its benefits and blessings are inherited by his children. Your school houses, your academies, and your col- leges, and the means for their support furnished by private munificence and public law, bear ample testi- mony that New England holds on her course with firm ORATION. 129 step and onward advance. Will she not feel her obligation always to provide a great fountain of reli- gion and knowledge, from which fresh supplies may- be drawn and borne by her sons and daughters who are yet to go forth to people the mighty west, with which to infuse new life and energy into those who have gone before ? While this obligation is fulfilled, New England may look abroad in our land, and with sincere pleasure and thankful heart, contemplate tlie influence she has exerted, and will through all coming time exert upon the destiny of our country. No bounds have been set to the amount of good which can and will be done by the harmonious working of her prin- ciples, her habits, and her ingenuity. Compared v/ith the life of other nations, our sun has not yet risen : its light is now only seen gilding the eastern horizon. It may not rise in our day. At the close of how many centuries it will reach its meridian height, and what will be the condition of our country then, is not given to us to know. But reasoning from the past to the future, and keeping in mind the accele- rated momentum imparted by modern improvements, the conviction is forced upon the mind, that come when it Avill, it will be far above and beyond the lofti- est imaginings of the most comprehensive intellect. These views have not been taken to pamper indi- vidual vanity or national pride, but to impress more deeply upon our minds the solemn responsibilities which rest upon each of us as sons and daughters of the Pilgrims — as American citizens — aiui to stinui- Q 130 RF.IIKSIIIIIE JUBILEE. late us to renewed exertions to meet them with manly firmness. It is obvious to the most superficial observer that physical and intellectual man in their career, have in this our day far outran religious man. Indeed so mighty, so diversified, so wonderful have been their achievements, that there is reason to fear that self de- pendence is fast taking the place of dependence on God for all that we are and all we desire. Neither head wind, nor the tide, nor the strong current of our mighty rivers, any longer impede their navigation, and the broad Atlantic has become as a ferry. With equal facility, and with still greater celerity, do we ascend the hills and the mountains, and glide across the plains, making our whole country as one neighborhood, and bringing our distant friends almost within our call. With these developements of physical and intellect- ual power our people are absorbed, and have become impatient of restraint. For real or supposed defects in our laws or systems of government, they have not waited for the application of constitutional remedies, but nullification and violence have too often taken their place. Here lies our danger, and for the remedy, let the religious man be aroused to his duty, and send forth deeper and broader streams of the Bible's soft- ening, peaceful influences. Let the religion, and the example of our Pilgrim Fathers take a stronger hold on the hearts of men, and constantly remind them that obedience to the laws of our country, and respect for ORATION. 131 the civil magistrate, are among the first and highest duties of every citizen. Where, upon the face of the whole earth, if not in New England, in the " Old Bay State," in our own dear " Berkshire," amidst these hills, peopled as they are by a homogeneous race of men, can the great principles on which the stability and perpetuity of our government rest, be at the same time garnered up and diffused through our land ? This is an employment where the mind and the heart may labor together in concord with full assurance of their reward. Thoucrh the profane may rave, the sceptic sneer, and the infidel scoff, the countenance of the believer shall not blanch, nor his step falter, nor his course be turned aside. Steadily, peacefully, and onward, shall be his way, drawing all men unto it. Not to detain my indulgent auditors longer from the enjoyment of the other appointments of the day, where a richer " feast of reason and flow of soul " await us, allow me to inquire, when will the sons and daughters of Berkshire hold another "Jubilee?" Never certainly another first Jubilee ; that pleasure is vouchsafed unto us, but another Jubilee ? Wiicthor it shall be in our day, or be reserved for our children, or children's children we know not; but come when it will, we do know they will find a hearty welcome. These beautiful hills by which we are surrounded, shall not be more enduring, than shall be the love their people bear for their absent kindred. In conclusion, my friends, let us olfer (Mir united 132 BEUKSHIKE JUBILEE. thanks inilo God, that our birthplace was in the midst of these liills — our existence in this eventful age of the world, and this free country our home. Long, long, forever may it be the home of the free and send forth the true spirit of intelligent, civil, and religious liberty to other lands and other countries, and be a name and a praise in the whole earth. ODE. WRITTEN FOR THE BERKSHIRE JUBILEE, BY MRS. F. K. BUTLER. -5 Darkness upon the mountain and the vale. The woods, the lakes, the fields, are buried deep, In the still silent solemn star-watched sleep. No sound, no motion, and o'er hill and dale A calm and lovely death seems to embrace Earth's fairest realms, and Heaven's unfathomed space. The forest slumbers, leaf and branch and bough. High feathery crest, and lowliest grassy blade ; All restless, wandering wings, are folded now, That swept the sky, and in the sunshine play'd. The lake's wild waves sleep in their rocky bowl. Unbroken stillness streams from nature's soul, And night's great, star-sown wings, stretch o'er the whole. In the deep trance of the hush'd universe, The dark death mystery doth man rehearse. Now, for a while, cease the swift thoughts to run From task to taskj tir'd labor overdone With lighter toil than that of brain, or heart, In the sweet pause of outward life takes part: And hope, and fear, desire, love, joy, and sorrow, Wait 'neath sleep's downy wings, the coming morrow. Peace on the earth, profoundest peace in Heaven, Praises the God of peace by whom 'tis given. 134 BERKSHIRE JUBILEE. But hark! the woody depths of green Begin to stir. Light breaths of life creep fresh between Oakj beech J and fir: Faint rustling sounds of trembling leaves Whisper around, The world at waking, slowly heaves, A sigh profound J And showers of tears, night-gathered in her eyes. Fall from fair nature's face, as she doth rise. A ripple roughens on the lake, The silver lilies shivering wake, The leaden waves lift themselves up, and break. Along the laurell'd shore; And woods and waters, answering each other, make Silence no more. And lo! the east turns pale! Night's dusky veil Thinner and thinner grows; Till the bright morning star, From hill to hill afar, His fire glance throws. Gold streaks run thro' the sky, Higher and yet more high The glory streams; Flushes of rosy hue Long lines of palest blue, And amber gleams. From the black vallies rise The silver mists, like spray. Catch, and give back the ray, With thousand dyes. Light floods the Heavens, light pours upon the earth, In glorious light, the glorious day takes birth. ODE, 135 Hail to this day! that brings ye home Ye distant wanderers from the mountain land, Hail to this hour! that bids ye come Again upon your native hills to stand. Hail, hail ! from rocky peak, And wood embowered dale, A thousand loving voices speak. Hail! home-turn'd pilgrims hail! Oh, welcome ! from the meadow and the hill Glad greetings rise, From flowing river, and from bounding rill. Bright level lake, and dark green wood depths still, And the sharp thunder-splinter'd crag, that strikes Its rocky spikes Into the skies. Grey-Lock, cloud girdled, from his purple throne, A voice of welcome sends, And from green sunny fields, a warbling tone The Housatonic blends. Welcome ye absent long, and distant far! Who from the roof-tree of your childhood turn'd, Have waged mid strangers, life's relentless war. While at your hearts, the ancient home-love burn'd. Ye, that have plough'd the barren briny foam. Reaping hard fortunes from the stormy sea, The golden grain fields rippling round your home. Roll their rich billows from all tempests free. Ye, from those western, deadly blooming fields, Where Pestilence in Plenty's bosom lies. The hardy rock-soil of your mountains yields Health's rosy blossoms to these purer skies. i;j(i UEllKSIIIUE JUBILEE. And ye who on the accursed southern plain, Barren, not fruitful, with the sweat of slaves Have drawn awhile the tainted air in vain, 'Mid human forms their spirits' living graves. Here, fall the fetters, by his cottage door, Lord of the lordliest life each peasant stands, Lifting to God, as did his sires of yore, A heart of love and free laborious hands.* On each bald granite brow, and forest crest. Each stony hill path, and each lake's smooth shore, Blessings of noble exil'd patriots rest, Liberty's altars are they evermore. And on this air, there lingers yet the tone. Of those last sacred words to freedom given. The mightiest utterance of that sainted one. Whose spirit from these mountains soar'd to Heaven. Ye that have prosper'd bearing hence with ye. The virtues that command prosperity; To the green threshold of your youth, ah! come! And hang your trophies round your early home. Ye that have suffer'd, and whose weary eyes Have turn'd with sadness to your happier years, Come to the fountain of sweet memories! And by its healing waters, dry your tears. Ye that departed young, and old return. Ye who led forth by hope — noAV hopeless come. If still unquenched within your hearts, doth burn The sacred love and longing for your home: • This stanza was omitted in tlie reading-, as it was thought not to be in strict har- mony witli the occasion. Ed. ODE. 137 Hail, hall! Bright hill and dale, With joy resound! Join in the joyful strain! Ye have not wept in vain, The parted meet again, The lost shall yet be found! And may God guard thee, oh, thou lovely land ! Danger, nor evil, nigh thy borders come. Green towers of freedom may thy hills still stand. Still, be each valley, peace and virtue's home : The stranger's grateful blessing rest on thee, And firm as Heaven, be thy prosperity ! Hon. Ezekiel Bacon read " The Stockbndge Bowl," by Mrs. SiGOURNEY, of Hartford. By way of illustrating the title prefixed to the article it is proper to mention that the " Stockbridge Bowl " is the fanciful but very appropriate title bestowed by Miss Sedgwick in some of her writings upon a beautiful sheet of water, forming a pond, in the north part of the town of Stockbridge. [Furnished for the occasion, by the Authoress.] THE STOCKBRIDGE BOWL. The Stockbridge Bowl! — Hast ever seen How sweetly pure and bright, Its foot of stone, and rim of green Attract the traveller's sight 1 — High set among the breezy hills Where spotless marble glows. It takes the tribute of the rills Distill'd from mountain snows. You've seen, perchance, the classic vase At Adrian's villa found. The grape-vines that its handles chase, And twine its rim around. But thousands such as that which boasts The Roman's name to keep. Might in this Stockbridge Bowl be lost Like pebbles in the deep. It yields no sparkling draughts of fire To mock the madden'd brain. As that which warm'd Anacreon's lyre Amid the Tcan plain — 140 BERKSHIRE JTTBII.EE. But freely, with a right good will Imparts its fountain store, — Whose heaven-replenished crystal still Can wearied toil restore. The Indian hunter knew its power, And oft its praises spoke, Long ere the white man's stranger-plough These western vallies broke; The panting deer, that wild with pain From his pursuers stole, Inhaled new life to every vein From this same Stockbridge Bowl. And many a son of Berkshire skies, Those men of Noble birth, Though now, perchance, their roofs may rise In far, or foreign earth, — Shall on this w^ell remembered vase With thrilling bosom gaze, And o'er its mirror'd surface trace The joys of earlier days. But one, that with a spiritg-lance Hath moved her country's heart. And bade, from dim oblivion's trance Poor Magawiska start. Hath won a fame, whose blossoms rare Shall fear no blighting sky. Whose lustrous leaf be fresh and fair, When Stockbridge Bowl is dry. PUBLIC EXERCISES. 141 SINGING. Words by Mrs. Sigourney. [VVriiten for the occasion] They come! they come! by ardent memory led, From distant hearth-stones, — a rejoicing train, And hand in hand with kindred feeling tread Green Berkshire's vales and breezy hills again. Back to the cradle of their own sweet birth. Back to the foot-prints of their flowery prime. Where, in the nursery of their native earth, They caught the spirit of their mountain clime; The free bold spirit, that no chains can bind. The earnest purpose that no toil can tame, The calm, inherent dignity of mind, The love of knowledge and of patriot fame. They bring the statesman's and the student's dower. The honors that to rural life belong. Of sacred eloquence the soul-felt power. The palm of science and the wreath of song. And thou, blest Mother! with unfrosted hair, Still made by age more beautiful and strong, — Pour a glad welcome, at thy threshold fair, And breathe thy blessing o'er the filial throng. Enfold them warmly in thy fond embrace. And with thy counsels of true wisdom guide, That like themselves, their yet uncounted race. May be thy glory, as thou art their pride. ODE. BY 31 RS. 1,. HYDE. To hills that cradled childhood's home, To vales where kindred ashes sleep, Gathered from far and near we come Our jubilee of love to keep: Touched by one sympathy, a brother band And proud, on Berkshire's soil as ours to stand. Her verdant slopes and fertile plains. Each fairy wood-embosomed lake, Her quiet hamlets, sacred fanes. Her men that lofty station take, With those whose memory comes from ohltn time Like mountain shadows, giant and sublime. Her fir-crowned, and her classic heights To Sedgwick's name and page allied; The choicest garden of delights Stretched far along the river side; Scenes of the wild and sweet and grand combined. In moral beauty rich, and rich in cultured mind; These still we claim, we breathe this air. And feel the blood with quickened flow Thrill through the frame long worn with care, And lend the cheek a youthful glow; Yes, though these brows may show the touch of lime, Life's first attachments yet are in their })rime. 144 15KKKSI1IKE JUUILLE. Were not the voices in our dreams, When where dark sluggish waters roll. Of these our live bright mountain streams, Free as thought's current in the soul; Fond Children of the hills, afar we pined Clear, leaping brooks, and rock-born flowers to find. We view with fixed and moistened eye Yon summit, in its grandeur lone, A spell to call back years gone by; Fair Science, this thy godlike throne, And holy thoughts, which earth more blest have made In youthful bosoms, woke beneath its shade. Southward, stern guardian of a vale As Tempe fair, old Monument Lifts his bare brow, all scarred and pale; His name with song and story blent, A legend of the roaming red man's days Embalmed in our own gifted Bryant's lays. In solemn quiet by the stream, Or pointing from hill-top to heaven, Speaks the white marble, " life's a dream;" Our hearts to tender musings given •Are with the dead, and buried treasures trace By snowy shaft, or modest tablet's place. To these the passing tribute paid, Joyful the living friends we greet At the same altar-hearth who prayed Or sat with us in learning's seat; With whom, in halcyon days, delighted eye We turned on laughing earth and sunny sky. ODE. 145 How heart with heart is mingling here, — As we our varied paths retrace, — How vanished scenes all re-appear. Called up by some familiar facej Forth to the light of day come forms that dwell, Prisoned in memory's deep and wondrous cell. Old friends are seated side by side, In smiles and tears embrace again The household scattered long and wide; From distant city, prairie, main. From learning's halls, from honor's high career. From toils that earth's dark wastes reclaim and cheer, The sons of Berkshire here return A chaplet on her brow to wreathe. Afresh to fill affection's urn; Warm hearts in sweet communings breathe Praise for these social joys, so richly given, A fragrant incense, borne on song to Heaven. It is a scene of interest rare. This lovely village shows to-day; Gem of our mountain, region fair. Thou may'st exult in this display Of worth and talent, in this glow of soul O'er crystal water, not the maddening bowl. Nor all in vain we trust may be This pause along life's hurrying way, Deep fountains of the heart, set free. May blend in streams of love to-day. And God and man, their course approving, trace In wide and blessed influence on our race. S 146 DERKSIIIRE JUBILEE. Wc part, this friendly gatherint^ o'er, With precious stores for memory's hoardj There is for us one meeting more, But not around the festive board : Go we to live for that great day alone, When time is done, and set the judgment throne! PUBLIC EXERCISES. 14' SINGING. Words by Mrs. Hemans. For the strength of the hills we bless thee, Our God, our fathers' God! Thou hast made thy children mighty By the touch of the mountain sod. Thou hast fixed our ark of refuge Where the spoiler's foot ne'er trod, For the strength of the hills we bless thee, Our God, our fathers' God! We are watchers of a beacon Whose lights must never die; We are guardians of an altar 'Midst the silence of the sky; The rocks yield founts of courage Struck forth as by thy rod — For the strength of the hills we bless thee, Our God, our fathers' God! For the dark, resounding heavens, Where thy still small voice is heard; For the strong pines of the forests, That by thy breath are stirred; For the storms, on whose free pinions Thy spirit walks abroad — For the strength of the hills we bless thee. Our God, our fathers' God! For the shadow of thy presence. Round our camp of rock out-spread; For the stern defiles of battle, Bearing record of our dead; 148 BERKSHIRE JUBILEE. For the snows, and for the torrents, For the free heart's burial sod, For the strength of the hills we bless thee, Our God, our fathers' God! 8. BENEDICTION. By Pres. Hopkins. FAC-SIMILt; OF TflE DINNF.R TICKET. '^^ m ?JiittSlidi>, ^ugugt 22 cnt! 23< Wy),. GOV. BRIGGS, PRESIDENT. COMMITTEE Or ARRANGEMENTS IN CITY OF NEW YORK Sam'l R. Betts, Robfrt Cfnter, Marshall ^. Bidweli J. C. Brigham, Drake Mills, D. D. Field, Theo Sedgwick, Edward Williams, R.S.Cook, Orville Dewev, William Shkrwood, Russell G. Wheeler W.M. C. Bryant, R. S.mith. Masou NoBi.r. Thomas Kccj-eaton, H. P. I'EET, Joseph HrDE, \ BERKSHIRE COMMITTEE. JOHN TODD, Chairman. S Lemuel Pomerov, S H. H. Childs, ^ Charles Sedgwick, s Henry W. Bishop, < H. Byington, ^ Edward Burrall, S J. Sumner, \ W. Adams, ^ Samuel Fargo, Jk. s R. Hazard, E. Rice, E. K. Ensign, A. Rising, George Hull, L. Filley, P. Fames, Ira Schutt, Wilbur Cuhtiss, S. Gates, Willi.am Bacon, William Porter, Jr. C J. Frkeland, Alexander Hyde, William E. Brayton, P. Harmon, Thomas Robinson, C.Baldwin, F. O.Sayles, S. M. Gardner, S. Nohton, D. N. Dewey, A. Koni . R. Picket, Russell Urow J. ('iiambehlin, M. Kmmons, A. Buck, O. Nash, S. Babbitt, FINANCIAL COMMITTEE. ' JuLiui Rockwell, Ensign H. KELi.oc;r., Phineha.s Aele:i, Jx. DINNER TICKET, AUGUST 23, 1 O'CLOCK. THE DINNER. On adjourning at 2 o'clock, P.M., from the hill on which the morning exercises had been held, the company moved to the old " Military Grounds," now occupied by the Young Ladies' Institute, where a large tent was spread to receive the guests to the family gathering. We have tried to give a representation of the scene by the plate prefixed. The tables were admirably arranged and calculated to accommodate over three thousand persons. Nearly that number actually took seats at the tables, while thousands stood around the fences to see the spectacle and hear the speeches. The company consisted of about an equal number of both sexes. The exercises at the dinner w^erc designed to be diversified, where the gushings of thousands of warm hearts at the family meeting might be poured out. On a raised table, in the centre, at the head, were the Presi- dent Gov. Briggs, Joshua A. Spencer, Esq., Judge Bacon, and oth- ers. A blessing was asked by Rev. Dr. Shepard. Tlic Addresses were extemporary, and are preserved by the care of Mr. William J. Niles, of Spencertown, N. Y. The cloth having been removed, His Excellency Hon. George N. Briggs, Governor of this Commonwealth, rose and addressed the immense audience as follows: Brothers of Berkshire! I should do injustice to my own feelings, if I did not in the outset declare to you the deep feelings of gratitude which pervade my bosom at the expression of your kindness which has placed me at the head of this family table. The Committee of arrangements have put into my hands a schedule 254 BERKSHIRE JUBILEE. marking out what remains to be done at this family gatherings and as the respectability of all families depends very much upon their "-ood order and conduct at the table, you are requested to observe during the residue of the ceremonies the strictest order; for if I am not mistaken, in such a family as this, before the sun goes down you will have first rate speaking. There are some "boys here that can do that thing up well." I see by this ar- rano-ement that there are to be some introductory remarks by the President. I hardly know, my brothers and sisters, what to say to you. Foreigners have said, that when we get together here in this Yankee land we always talk about ourselves. Now I should like to know upon this occasion, what else can be talked about; for I think it is very bad policy for families when they are toge- ther, to talk about other folks! (Laughter.) It is very right for the children when they come home, to talk about the old home and fireside, and when they cluster about the old people, they have a right to talk of what has taken place during their absence. They have a right to inquire who is married, who is dead, and who is — runaway ! if they please. Here have come together around this family board, sons and daughters, whose residences are scattered over the surface of eighteen of these twenty-six States. We may well say to our- selves, (and if there are strangers here they will indulge us in say- ing so,) that we must be rather a promising family to have our children spread thus far and wide over the four quarters of this great land, and gathered together again on an occasion of this kind. We have heard, brothers, from our friend yesterday in sober prose, and from our other friend in cheerful poetry — we have heard much about the history of our good old mother Berkshire. They went back to her origin as a County, alluded to some events in her history, talked of her loved and interesting children, spoke of her beautiful scenery, and of the spirit and enterprise of her sons and daughters; and they had a right to talk so. It was said to- day, that within twelve hours after the news of the first act of ag- gression at Lexington reached this valley among these mountains, the Sons of Berkshire were on their way to the point of danger. That is matter of history. And it is no less true, that from that moment till the surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown, there was no day, no hour, no battle fought of any consequence in that great THE DINNER. 155 struggle for independence, where not only Massachusetts men were not found, but where there were not found also Berkshire men mingling in the fight. A little incident relating to that bold and fearless attack upon Ticonderoga, I will name to you. The Connecticut Legislature, or some of the dauntless ones there, conceived the idea of surpri- sing Ticonderoga, and they sent up some right men through this region of country to hold consultation as to what plan of arrano^e- ments should be fixed upon. They came here to the village of Pittsfield, and in an old house where Willis' store now stands, and where lived the maternal grandfather of my friend at this end of the table, (Dr. Childs,) they held consultation, and there his grandfather James Easton, John Brown, and other faithful men, matured a plan of operations. Some were to go to Jericho, now Hancock, and secure some choice spirits; and before the country knew it, Ticonderoga had surrendered at the demand of Ethan Allen, on an authority which they dare not question. Col. John Brown was a citizen of this town; he went to Quebec and was there with Benedict Arnold; while there, with his sacagious eye, he pierced through the covering and discovered the traitor. Be- fore he returned home some difficulty arose between them, and Brown published him as a coward and traitor. Afterwards his true character was developed. You know the history of John Brown; he sleeps at Stone Arabic, where he fell in that murder- ous attack of the Indians upon the Mohawk. And he sleeps nc there alone; many a Berkshire Boy fell with him. From our lit tie sister town of Lanesborough, three of her sons perished in that bloody conflict; many a Berkshire mother's heart sunk within her at the news of that day's work. Bennington! they were there too; Berkshire was alive when she heard that her neighbors on the north in the Green Mountain Slate were in danger, and she poured through the gorge of the mountain beyond WiiJiamstown, her brave sons; and many of them were in the fight, and many Berkshire men fell there. That same Lanesborough lost three worthy soldiers in that battle. And so it was, as I said before, they mingled in all the great fights, they flew to every portion of the country where danger bade them. Out of the G9,000 soldiers Avhich Massachusetts furnished to that war, (and that was one-third of the whole number, 220,000, furnished by all the States in the T 156 BEBKSHTRE JUBILEE. American Revolution,) this, our native County, furnished her full proportion, licrkshire men were at the surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown. I knew a good old man — peace to his ashes! — who was through that whole revolutionary struggle. He was a brave soldier and a true son of Massachusetts; and was as honest and just in peace as he was firm and courageous in war. In that dreadful winter, at Valley Forge, he suffered with his fellow sol- diers. The last time I saw him, he gave me the whole history of the battle of Yorktown. He was there during the preceding sum- mer, and discharged many an important and confidential trust con- fided to him by La Fayette. And I saw that good old man meet in this village his brave and generous old commander. Fifty years had passed since they fought together, the old man had toiled away in his shop at Lanesborough, and when he heard that La Fayette was to be here, his heart beat high with the pulsations of youth, and he said he must see his General once more. He came down and met him under yonder elm, and when he mentioned an incident which served to awaken old associations, they clasped each other and wept like children. His name is David Jewett — a name which has never gone abroad on the wings of Fame, but he was one of those w'ho resembled more the corner stone of the building w^hich the world never sees, than he did some more orna- mental but less important part. And so we went through the Revolution. Well, in the last war, (for I am now talking about the soldiers of Berkshire,) so long as the name of the " Bloody 9th " shall endure, so long the valor of Berkshire soldiers will be borne in mind. We have had an Indian war in Florida, and oh! what a rich and costly sacrifice Berkshire has offered upon that altar. Our own young Lt. Center, from this Pittsfield, fell by a bullet from a Seminole rifle; and our Childs spent some three or four years amidst the bogs of Florida, and al- most fatally impaired one of the finest constitutions in the world. During all his course in that most inglorious war, he never did an act of unnecessary cruelty, or was guilty of perfidy towards the hunted Indians of the Florida everglades. It was said yesterday, my friends, and it is true, that the first Ag- ricultural Society in the United States, was organized in Berkshire. It is now in full and prosperous operation', and there is no class of citizens in this County who have not reaped benefit from it; the THE DINNER. 157 farmer, the mechanic, the laboring man, and the professional man. Our agriculture is improved, our manufactures are fostered, our me- chanical arts benefited, the social feelings have been cultivated and enlarged among all our inhabitants. During the thirty-three years of the existence of this Society, which has been a period of political commotion and excitement unparalelled in the history of this or any other country, there never was a time when politics in any form have been introduced upon either of the days of our Agricultural Fair. Though for the last forty years we have been almost equally divided into political parties, there has been less bitterness of feeling among partisans, and a kinder and more bro- therly spirit among our citizens, than in almost every other sec- tion of the country. We have shown that " every difference of opinion is not a difference of sentiment." Here all denominations of religion exist. Who has ever seen among the different persuasions, more harmony and Christian good will prevailing than in this very County of Berkshire'? I was admonished by the Committee that one part of the ar- rangements is that speeches must be short. We should make the best speeches in the fewest words. I have spoken in a desultory manner; my heart is too full for connected thought, or studied speech. Brothers, we have come together, (and thank Heaven that we have lived to see this happy occasion,) to mingle our feel- ings and rekindle our affections at this family altar. We have come in the fulness of our joy, to talk to and of one another, to enquire of each others' welfare, to say how we have fared during our long separation. We know that our brothers from abroad bring back good tidings of the counties where they dwell; stran- gers have shown them kindness. Our hearts have been made glad to hear of their prosperity in every part of this goodly land. The south and the west have dealt kindly with them. During the time I was honored with a seat in the House of Representatives of the United States, I met in every Congress Berkshire men. In one House of Representatives there were eight members who were Sons of Berkshire. Wherever her sons are found, whether in honor or humility, they remember their good old Mother with affection. Well, here we are once more together in the old home- stead, amidst all the joyful and endearing associations which have been so touchingly described yesterday and to-day. 158 BERKSHIRE JUBILEE. In the freshness of this gushing joy a sad reflection comes over the mind, that this glad Jubilee will be the last that many of us will ever witness. Of the present we are secure, and for its bless- ings we thank Heaven around this family table. You have come, my friends, to walk in the green meadows over which youV boyish feet once ran with the lightness of the roe, to ramble over the pasture where once you lingered after the returning cows — to look into the old well and see its dripping bucket, to gaze upon that old apple tree where you gathered the early fruit, to walk on the banks of the winding stream and stand by the silver pool over which the willow bent and in which you bathed your young limbs, to visit the spot where with your brothers and sisters you gathered the ripe berries — to look upon that old school house where you learned to read and to spell, to write and to cypher, where sometimes you felt the stinging birch — to re-ascend that well remembered rock upon which in mirth and play you spent so many happy hours, to see if it looked and appeared as it used to, to walk once more up the alley of that old church where you first heard the revered and loved Parson preach and pray — and you have come to visit the peaceful graveyard, to walk among its green mounds and drop the tear of affection and friendship upon the silent resting place of loved ones who sleep there. You have come here to rekindle at this domestic fireside the holy feelings of youth. To all these we bid you welcome! Welcome to these green vallies and lofty mountains. Welcome to this feast, to our homes, to our hearts. Welcome to every thing. Once more I say, welcome! I give you for a sentiment, The County of Berkshire — She loves her institutions and her beautiful scenery, but feeling the sentiment and borrowing the language of the Roman mother, she points to her children and exclaims, " These are my Jewels." I call upon brother Bidwell, a true Son of Berkshire, for a speech or a sentiment, or both. THE DINNER. 159 Hon. Marshal S. Bidwell of New-York, then took the stand, and spoke nearly as follows: My Friends! In taking this position, in compliance with the request of friends by whom I am surrounded, I do so chiefly for the sake of setting a good example, which I hope may be followed by others who shall be called upon to succeed me. I iiave not come here prepared to make any speech. I have come here sim- ply to enjoy one of the dearest wishes of my heart — that of re- visiting, after a long absence, and with interruptions, after an ab- sence of many, many years in a foreign land, the scenes and the friends of my childhood. I come, 1 know, with the same senti- ments and feelings which are experienced by the thousands around mej and it does rejoice my heart to stand here, as His Excellency our honored President has said, a Son of Berkshire. It is the proudest title to which I have ever aspired, and I cannot tell you how I have been gratified at coming back again amid these beau- tiful hills and valleys, and this now auspicious sky, and re-breath- ing that air, which is so well calculated to give an impulse to the sentiments and feelings that are cherished by every one who loves human liberty and human happiness, under a government of laws. I have told you I have not come here to make a speech, and I intend to verify what I have said, by simply offering in place of it, a sentiment felt, I am persuaded, by every son and daughter of Berkshire here present — The scenes and friends of our child/ioodl Where is there a person whose heart does not beat quicker in the midst of such hallowed associations. The love of our native place is the universal law of nature. It is a law which is felt and obeyed, even by the inanimate world. The lofty and stately palm, which flourishes amid the burning sands of the tropics, is withered when transplanted to the frigid zone; and the moss which dis- plays in such beauty and such microscopic wonder the powers of he Almighty Creator in the northern regions, cannot exist when transplanted to the midst of tropical suns. And so it is with eve- ry order of animate nature. The eagle loves its solitary nest, be- cause it is his native home; and all animals, even the ferocious beasts of prey, in the deserts of Africa, love them, because they are their native home. But how much more powerfully is this 160 BEUKSHIRE JUBILEE. sentiment felt by man, gifted with reason, and capable of enjoy- ment in tiie higliest degree of the noble and social affections! How does he love the scenes of his childhood! and that universally, no matter where his lot be cast; he loves it because it is his native place. But with how much more force, should this sentiment be felt in our hearts, blessed with such a home, and such na- tive scenes, and such glorious and kindling associations connect- ed with them, when we recur to them, not because of the luxuri- ous display of the line arts, not because they are scenes of glory in the estimation of the warrior, with his " garments rolled in blood," but because they are so beautiful and so picturesque, and because the simple and stern virtues, have brought together such a family as we witness here this day, where order and decorum are associa- ted in so high a degree with social enjoyment, and with the dis- play which we have had yesterday and to-day of intellectual worth. I am therefore sure, my friends, when I propose this sen- timent, it will find a ready echo, in all these bosoms around me. One of the most gratifying things connected with this Jubilee, is, that it has power almost (I speak it with no spirit of levity, much less of profanity,) of working miracles. It brings back the old forms of the lamented, who have preceded us to the world of spirits. It raises the dead. It is not you, my friends, beloved and honored, whom I see here, by whom alone I am surrounded. No: there are glorious forms around me; dear and loved ones on every side are springing up, as if by magic, in the midst of all these scenes in which we now associate. Those who were the friends of our childhood, the fathers whom we revered, how can we see them again breathing as it were around us, and blessing us for a time at least by their revered presence. Brethren, sisters, dear friends whom we have cherished in our hearts, are here not forgotten in our Jubilee. They cannot sit down at our table with us, but thanks be to God, we can from the bosoms where they have long dwelt, revive them here, and see them in all their attraction, beauty and blessedness. I therefore conclude, Mr. President, by repeating the sentiment, The friends and the scenes of our childhood ! Sentiment by Drake Mills, Esq., of New- York : Old Berkshire — Her fair fame, a passport for her sons wher- ever they go — her principles, a guarantee of success whatever they do. THE DINNER. 161 The President announced that a poem \vould now be delivered by Dr. Holmes of Boston. Dr. Oliver W. Holmes rose in his place, but was greeted with cries from various parts of the audience, to come to the centre of the ground, so as to be heard by all. Tiie President said — And I sug- gest to the gentleman to follow the example of our good friend who preceded him, and get upon the table, which is an advance- ment upon former feasts, where the tendency was rather to get under the table. (Cheers.) Dr. Holmes accordingly took the table and requested to be allowed before he opened the very brief paper in his hand, to as- sure his friends of the reason why he had found himself here. It shall be short, (said he,) but inasmuch as the company express willingness to hear historical incidents, any little incident which shall connect me with those to whom I cannot claim to be a broth- er, seems to be fairly brought forward. I will take the liberty to refer to one. One of my earliest recollections is of an annual pilgrimage, made by my parents to the west. The young horse was brought up, fatted by a week's rest and high feeding, prancing and caracoling to the door. It came to the corner and was soon over the western hills. He was gone a fortnight; and one after- noon — it always seemed to me it v^'as a sunny afternoon — we saw an equipage crawling from the west, towards the old homestead; the young horse who sat out fat and prancing, worn thin and re- duced by a long journey — the chaise covered with dust, and all speaking of a terrible crusade, a formidable pilgrimage. Winter evening stories told me where — to Berkshire, to the borders of New-York, to the old domain, owned so long that there seemed a kind of hereditary love for it. Many years passed away, and I tra- velled down the beautiful Rhine: I wished to see the equally beau- tiful Hudson. I found myself at Albany; a few hours ride brought me to Pittsfield, and I went to the little spot, the scene of this pil- grimage — a mansion — and found it surrounded by a beautiful meadow, through which the winding river made its course in ten thousand fantastic curves; the mountains reared their heads around it, the blue air which makes our city pale cheeks again to deepen with the hue of health, coursing about it pure and free. I recog- nized it as the scene of the annual pilgrimage. Since that I have made an annual visit to it. 162 BERKSHIRE JUPILEK. In 1735, Hon. Jacob Wcndall, my grandfather in the maternal line, bought a township not then laid out — the township of Pon- toosuc — and that little spot which we still hold, is the relic of 24,000 acres of baronial territory. When I say this, no feeling ■which can be the subject of ridicule animates my bosom. I know too w^ell, that the hills and rocks outlast our families; I know we fall upon the places we claim as the leaves of the forest fall, and as passed the soil from the hands of the original occupants into the hands of my immediate ancestors, I know it must pass from me and mine; and yet with pleasure and pride I feel I can take every inhabitant by the hand, and say, if I am not a son, or a grandson, or even a nephew of that fair County, at least I am allied to it by an hereditary relation. But I have no right to in- dulge in sentimental remarks. (Cries of "go on, go on.") Dr. Holmes read the poem as follows, which was received with continued and hearty cheers. Come back to your Mother, ye children, for shame, Who have wandered like truants, for riches or fame! With a smile on her face and a sprig on her cap, She calls you to feast from her bountiful lap. Come out from your alleys, your courts and your lanes, And breathe, like young eagles, the air of our plains: Take a whifF from our fields, and your excellent wives Will declare it's all nonsense insuring your lives. Come you of the law, who can talk if you please. Till the man in the moon will allow it's a cheese, And leave " the old lady, that never tells lies," To sleep with her handkerchief over her eyes. Ye healers of men, for a moment decline Your feats in the rhubarb and ipecac line; While you shut up your turnpike, your neighbors can go, The old roundabout road to the regions below. You clerk, on whose ears are a couple of pens, And whose head is an ant-hill of units and tens; Though Plato denies you, we welcome you still As a featherless biped, in spite of your quill. THE DINNER. 163 Poor drudge of the city, how happy he feels With the burs on his legs, and the grass at his heels; No dodger behind, his bandanas to share, No constable grumbling " You mus'nt walk there." In yonder green meadow, to memory dear, He slaps a musketo and brushes a tearj The dew-drops hang round him, on blossoms and shoots, He breathes but one sigh for his youth and his boots. There stands the old school-house, hard by the old church- That tree at its side had the flavor of birch; Oh sweet were the days of his juvenile tricks, Though the prairie of youth had so many " big licks." By the side of yon river he weeps and he slumps. The boots filled with water, as if they were pumps; Till sated with rapture, he steals to his bed. With a glow in his heart and a cold in his head. 'Tis past — he is dreaming — I see him again; His ledger returns as by legerdemain; His neck-cloth is damp, with an easterly flaw. And he holds in his fingers an omnibus straw. He dreams the shrill gust is a blossomy gale, That the straw is a rose from his dear native vale; And murmurs, unconscious of space and of time, " A. 1. Extra-super — Ah, is'nt it prime!" Oh! what are the prizes we perish to win. To the first little " shiner" we caught with a pin! No soil upon earth is as dear to our eyes As the soil we first stirred in terrestrial pies! Then come from all parties, and parts, to our feast. Though not at the " Astor," we'll give you at least A bite at an apple, a seat on the grass, And the best of cold— water— at nothing a glass. 164 DERKSIIlIiE JUBILEE. Judge Dewey was introduced to tlie meeting, and said — Mr. President, Gentlemen and Ladies — I come from the eastern portion of the circle represented here, in obedience to a notice which has been circulated by the gentlemen originally, as I understand, from the city of New-York; and the first thing that occurred to me, was how it happened gentlemen from New-York were coming here to take possession of this fair soil of ours. Sure- ly, gentlemen, the time was, when such an array of enemy, official or unofficial, coming into this fair valley of the Housatonic by vir- tue of their rights under the Dutch, would not have been tolera- ted: and the only reason why we are now satisfied is, that * * Come to scrutinize these names a little closely, I found them all kin of ours, come here not to drive us from this plain posses- sion of ours, but as friends to take us by the hand — and as friends we take them by the hand. I am grateful for the invitation; I think it was done up in the best manner. I have received for the coming week, the 28th August, in the town of Framingham, a no- tice wherein are requested all the descendants of one Richard Ha- ven to a general gathering, and in this invitation are included all the descendants in any way connected with him by marriage, and z\\ who ever expected to be! (Laughter.) Now, my friends from New-York, you have not done this thing well! here you find an improvement upon you. (Laughter.) Judge Dewey stated that he was not a native of Berkshire, but of Hampshire; but alluding to the fact that in 1761, the former was a part of the latter County, and that he had spent so large a portion of his life here, said he felt that he was a native of Berkshire. This is a joyous occasion, (said he,) a happy family, and it is de- lightful to come here from all parts of our common country and mingle together, and take by the hand the friends of our early days, and here again to pledge anew our devotion to their inter- ests and to the common interests of our common country. To this County my early associations have ever closely and warm- ly attached; from this County I have received much to fill my heart with gratitude, and I always turn to it as to the happy spot on which I would rest my eyes as the last resting place of those friends of my early days, near and dear to me, who have gone be- fore me. On the present occasion we come back glorying, not in THE DINNER. 165 the spirit of vain boasting, I hope, but glorying when we see how great have been the productions of this County of every kind, whe- ther in agriculture, manufactures, the mechanic arts, and in intel- lectual acquisitions. In the learned professions we turn with proud satisfaction to Berkshire, and find we have sent forth more, far more than our adequate proportion of the population of this country. Permit me, Mr. President, for a moment to refer to what Berk- shire has done in relation to filling judicial stations. You have furnished, are you aware of if? a Judge for Pennsylvania, long ho- nored and respected there, and now in office; a Judge for Michigan; a Chief Justice for New-York, and one for Queen's Bench at Mon- treal. We have furnished those who have occupied seals in Con- gress to a very great number, as was mentioned by our honored President, eight at one time. There are no less than five from Williamstown, native and reared in our town, who have been ho- nored by this public station before the country, and who have sus- tained themselves ably and faithfully. You have not only those great natural objects and the endear- ing associations connected with them in which you may glory, but you may glory in these inhabitants. Look at the interest they have in schools, in colleges, in the great works of improvement, and at the zeal and devotion with which they labor for the good of mankind. When I look at all these things, I come back here with pleasure to acknowledge that this is the County in which, not where I drew my native breath, but where I received ray early edu- cation and principles, and whatever may have fitted me for use- fulness in the station I now occupy; and I have only time now to say to you that ray ardent prayer is, that rich as this County is in the beauty of its scenery, in the variety and value of its natural productions, in its mechanic arts, in its agriculture and manufac- tures, long may it be rich in the love of civil and religious liberty, long may here endure the great principles wliii h wc have derived from our Puritan fathers, purifying and protecting us to the latest generations. 16G BERKSHIRE JUBILEE. Sentiment by Tiios. Allen, of St. Louis, Mo.: The Natives of Berkshire — " They love their land, because it is their own, And scorn to give aught other reason why; Would shake hands with a king upon his throne, And think it kindness to his majesty; A stubborn race, fearing and flattering none." Hon. John Mills. Mr. President — The Sons of Berkshire who hail from my native place, the town of Sandisfield, have conferred upon me the honor of saying a few words in their name on this occasion. That town cannot boast of its fertile and extended vallies, like those through which meanders the beautiful Housatonic, nor has it any thing so grand and imposing in its scenery, as to excite the special admiration of the passing stranger. It has enough, however, of natural scenery, of mountain, stream and valley, to be kept in lively recollection by all, who in their early years " run upon its hills, or waded in its mountain streams from morning sun till dine." In reference to those now resident there, I shall suppress all feel- ings of personal friendship, and only say, that we claim for them an intelligence and moral w^orth equal to that which distinguishes the population of the other portions of your County. The emi- grants from that town are numerous, and are dispersed through most of the States of the Union. Most of them are engaged in agriculture — many of them have " names well known on change" as enterprising and successful merchants — a few only, are of the legal or medical profession, but a large number are clergymen — all of respectable, and some of them of high standing in their pro- fession. We all feel, Mr. President, that " it is good for us to be here." Pleasant has been the interchange of civilities and congratulations. Pleasant the participation in the refined hospitality of the citizens of this delightful village. But a more enduring good will result from this meeting. Our good resolutions are here strengthened and confirmed, and we shall return to our respective homes and stations in society, stimulated with the firm resolve, that whatever influence we possess shall be devoted to promote and advance the best interests of the community in which we reside. THE DINNER. 1G7 If ever there can be a public occasion, when the undisguised language of the heart should be freely uttered and kindly receiv- ed, this surely may be regarded as such. As one of the members congregated around the family hearth, I will not fear that the indulgence I may give to my thoughts will here encounter either ridicule or frigid criticism. Electing you, sir, and this respectable audience my confessors on the occasion, I intend, therefore, in all that relates to Berkshire or Sandisfield, connected with my own feelings, to "make a clean breast of it." We all feel love for our common country — a stronger attach- ment for our native State and County, and stronger still for the particular locality where we were born. .But it is not, I believe, till life is considerably advanced, that we feel any particular soli- citude as to the place lohere it may terminate; and I doubt whe- ther those who have the good fortune to spend their days where they were born, are conscious of the true cause that gives the charm to that locality. If there be in this village one who was here born, and has here passed his days, — one who has survived the friends and companions of his youth, he will tell you, that the remnant of life can more happily be spent here than elsewhere, and would probably assign as the reason, that here are the graves of his fathers, and here too he desires to make his own. But re- move him permanently to some other section of the country, and he would soon be sensible of another cause for this local prefer- ence. The place to which which w^e may suppose him removed, might have charms, if possible, superior to your village. From his window or in his walks, the most delightful scenery should be presented to his view, and he should be able fully to appreciate its beauties; still there would be something wanting — the eye would no where rest on certain well known objects of inanimate nature, intimately entwined with his earliest impressions. " Where, (he would exclaim,) w^here is the great e/ni arouiul whose trunk, and in the shade of whose branches I gamboled with my youthful companions sixty years ago ? Where the beautiful curve-crested mountain range in the west 7 The higher elevation at the north, and those in the east 1 Elevations on which I gazed with admir- ing wonder before my tongue was able to articulate their names. Elevations, the view and contemplation of which gave the first impress of grandeur and sublimity to my imagination."'' Such 1G8 BERKSHIRE JUBILEE. would be the lanf^uagc of his heart, and could you place the Alps or the Pyrenees in position most favorable for effect upon his vision, they would be inadequate substitutes for those I have named, — " the form and size" of which, with their garniture of light and shade, would be blended with, and in fact constitute a part of his moral existence. May I be indulged in bringing the subject home to myself ? It is now more than thirty years since I left my native town. Driven out — mercifully driven o\it by " poverty like a strong man armed," to seek my fortunes elsewhere. Of my sojourn, it is sufficient for my present purpose to say, that for the last eight years my home kas been in a pleasant town on the banks of the Connecticut. If during the first twenty-five years of the period named, it had at any time been proposed that I should return to Sandisfield, and there spend the residue of my days, the pro- position would have been extremely repugnant to my inclination. But recently a change in that respect has " come over the spirit of my dream." Now it is, that when I go upon the elevations east of our village, and stop to admire, as I always do, the beau- tiful panorama spread before me, embracing the Connecticut and the valley of the Agawam also, and my imagination aiding my natural vision, gives me a view of the towns, and villages, and cities on either side that river, from its source to its mouth, I can- not but feel grateful and happy that my lot is cast in that delight- ful valley. And yet sir, I never leave the spot without turning my eyes to the mountain range constituting the boundary between Berkshire and Hampden, and reflecting with no ordinary emotion, that further to the west, on the same mountain range, is the place of my nativity. It may appear strange, that one thus situated, who, as his wants are few and limited, has nothing to desire but that the residue of his days may be as happy as those that are past, should be willing to make his home in a place wheie winter never fails to '* linger in the lap of spring." But, sir, it is in the season when " winter holds her undisputed reign," that the feel- ings I am endeavoring to describe, return upon me most forcibly. I have no difficulty, Mr. President, in accounting for that strong attachment which the Laplander is said to manifest for his coun- try, although it has apparently nothing to recommend it but its fields of ice and mountains of snow. For who that was born and THE DINNER. 169 bred upon the mountains, can efface from his memory, or would do so were it possible, the impressions of awe and sublimity produced by witnessing the progress or listening to the raving snow storms of winter 1 Hence it is, that in a winter's night, when the tempest which sweeps with wild fury over the western mountains, descends upon our valley with mitigated violence, my thoughts w^ander up those mountains " to the scenes and the home of my childhood." Then follow the reminiscences of the first twenty years of my existence, with tlie vivid impressions of " time, place and circumstance." These, clustering thick and fast upon the memory, invariably excite the desire, that as life there commenced, there too should be the scene of its termination. But I will pursue this train of thought no further, as it may not meet the slightest response from any other heart. Yet I fancy, that when my younger friends, now eager in the pursuit of the glittering objects before them, shall in a few years more relinquish the chase as hopeless or vain, or having grasped the objects de- sired, find them but ashes or bubbles, and when their thoughts shall be turned into the channel of retrospection, they may then find, springing up in their own bosoms, feelings similar to those I have attempted to delineate. In conclusion, may I venture to give a word of advice to our friends who are permanent residents in the County? My friends, be happy and contented xohcre you are, and not se- ver the connection with your native or adopted County, without strong and imperative necessity for the act. Dream not of remov- ing to the west, or to any other point of the compass, nor listen for a moment to those occasional whisperings of avarice, that by disposing of your possessions here, and purchasing lands in the new states or territories, you will promote the interests of your chihh'en. In regard to the great responsibilities resting upon you, as per- manent citizens of the County, nothing need be said, as the present and ihe past give reasonable assurance for the/i/^j/rc. The moral influence of your example we doubt not will so tell upon the pre- sent, and indirectly upon succeeding generations, that when our descendants, soon to be scattered over this vast country, shall here- after visit these pleasant vallics, and the no less delightful hills and mountains of Berkshire, they may be welcomed then, as we are noic, by an intelligent, moral and happy community. 170 BEKKSHIRK JUUILEE. Sentiment by C. B. Cjold, of Buffalo — A kind remembrance of the Sons and Daughters of Berkshire, providcjiliully detained from our Jubilee. Sentiment by Reuel Smith, of New-York — Old Berkshire — With her green hills and smiling vallies — Distinguished alike for her free and liberal institutions, her intel- ligent, free and independent citizens — Her Pilgrim Sons have abundant cause to rise up and call her blessed. Theodore Sedgwick, Esq., of New- York, was called on by the President, and rose in his place, but numerous and urgent calls brought him to the table in the centre. This, for a free country, (said he,) is w^hat I call rather despotic, not only to insist that a man shall talk, but to assign even the place which he shall occupy. I had really hoped, where there are so many refulgent luminaries, to be permitted to twinkle in ob- scurity; but although I had not very well considered the subject, a man must have in his bosom, not a heart, but an iceberg, if he finds nothing to utter on an occasion like this. This seems very much more than a Berkshire Jubilee — great as it would be in that respect. This body of men are but a delegation of that vast fami- ly which New England has sent forth to people the west, em- blematic of that more than royal progress which the sons of New England are making now towards the Pacific. These representa- tives here of other lands, of other portions of our country — we might call on them to tell how they have fulfilled the trust re- posed in them — whether they have preserved those great princi- ples of order, law, and civilization which came in the sacred cas- ket of the May Flower. Mr. President, you no doubt are as firm a foe to any hereditary privileges, as I can be. You, no doubt, agree with the poet, when he says, " Trust me, Clara Vere de Vere, From yon blue heaven above us bent, The gardener Adam, and his wife. Smile at the claims of long descent." But, no doubt, you are enough of a farmer to believe in the value of stock — in the value of breed, and you are no true son of THE DINNER. 171 Massachusetts, if you do not prize as you ought the breed to which you belong. I am not a son of this County. Dear as my attach- ment to it is, happy and proud as I am always among those who are so well called " The mountain men of Berkshire," by what Lord Thurlow calls " the accident of an accident," I was bora among the Knickerbockers — at that great city rising with so much rapidity at the mouth of the Hudson. I hope then to be allowed, (and under these circumstances I hope to have the credit of im- partiality,) to say a very few words concerning what this Country owes to Massachusetts, and to her Capital. Here, standing upon this soil, among a people happy, more happy perchance than them- selves are aware, in that blessed equality upon which all our insti- tutions rest — here, the idea of a Republic is safe, guarded by re- ligion, by law, and by that same equality. While, sir, the people of New England remain, while their institutions last, our liberty and our Union are as firm as Saddle Mountain. And how much do we all owe to that great Capital at the end of the State, which seems in some extraordinary manner to have preserved the purity of country morals; whose merchants, far above the merchant prin- ces, not only support their own institutions with unrivalled mag- nificence, but lend their money with a gallantry belonging to ano- ther profession, to other enterprises. This rail-road, of which you have just heard the w^histle, and which, in the vastness of the na- tural impediments surmounted, is superior to any of the similar works of New England — this rail-road, owes its existence to the gallant liberality of the merchants of Boston. That little city, third or fourth in size, possesses institutions which stand with- out a rival in the country. After a further reference to the enterprise, and to the intellectual and moral advancement of the citizens of Boston, Mr. Sedgwick remarked, that he was aware he had spoken of New England in somewhat a peculiar position, he knew he was before the eyes, almost under the eye, he might say, of one of the most intelligent sons of Old England, (Mr. Macready.) He had also in his eye a formidable Dutchman, (Mr. Colden,) in W'hose bosom he somewhat feared there mii^lit ht- some rankling at the praises he had attempted to bestow upon New Eno-land. He was aware that he hatl btcn so inadequate in the treatment of his theme, that his audience wo Jd need to cxri:se him, and he therefore gave: V 172 nERKSIIIRE JUBILEE. The stock of New England — It is the stock of Old England, their virtue, their intelligence, with equality added. The President remarked that as this family intended fair play, and as the gentleman who had last spoken had alluded to the gen- tleman from Old England, (Mr. Macready,) they would be glad to hear from him in his ow'n defence. Mr. Macready then came forward and took his place upon the stand, and spoke as follows: Mr. President and Gentlemen — I could almost say brothers, though not of Berkshire — for I can assure you the heart of an Eng- lishman — of those who carry w^ith them intelligence and proper feelings, beats as warmly towards their kindred, towards this coun- try, and towards its institutions, as the best American could possi- bly desire. I am taken wholly unawares. The delight I have felt in all I have seen in making, I may say, the circuit of your beautiful and great country, has brought me here to see at a social meeting, that spirit carried out which I have viewed through your institutions, forensic and commercial. I really cannot pretend to make a speech to you. I wall only in reference to the feelings of brotherhood, which, believe me, exist in the bosoms of English- men, (and I would that I had the poAver of eloquence to dispos- sess from those minds who doubt it, the idea of anything hostile existing in England towards the prospe'rity and growth of this coun- try,) if you will allow me, recite in place of the few unconnect- ed, and perhaps almost unintelligible words I might utter, a very short poem which will express to you what I myself feel in com- mon with so many of my own countrymen. It is a little fable, and though of Eastern, of Arabian origin, it speaks to the hearts of many — I hope of all — Abon Bed Adhem, (may his tribe increase!) Awoke one night from a deep dream of peace. And saw, within the moonlight in his room, Making it rich and like a lily in bloom. An Angel writing in a book of gold. Exceeding peace had made Ben Adhem bold, And to the presence in the room he said, " What writest thou 1" The vision raised his head, THE DINNER. 173 And in a voice made all of sweet accord, Answered, " The names of those who love the Lord!'' " And is mine one V said Ben Adhem. " Nay, not so," Replied the Angel. Abon spoke more low. But cheerly still; "I pray thee, then, Write me as one who loves his fellow men." The Angel rose and vanished. The next night He came again, with a great wakening light. And showed the names whom love of God had blest; And lo! Ben Adhem's name led all the rest!* Mr. CoLDEN, of New- York, being next called upon by the Pre- sident, expressed the happiness with which he should respond to the appeal that had been made by his friend, (Mr. Sedgwick,) but asked to be excused on account of a hoarseness, which he said rendered it impossible to do justice to his own feelings, or to the occasion. If, however, he might be permitted to express one sen- timent before he sat down, it would be: The patrimony which you are now in possession of, is one W'hich I, as a descendant of the Dutch, believe I have a rightful claim to. I hope and I trust, from what I have for these two days seen, from what I have seen before, and from what I feel, from what my friend on my right has felt, and from what every witness of this brilliant, this soul- cheering spectacle must feel — that it is impossible that the patri- mony of the Dutch can degenerate in the hands of the Berkshire breed. Without attempting any farther expression of my feelings, I give you the toast which I received this morning from a gentle- man in Stockbridge, and which I was deputed to deliver to this meeting — The banks and braes and bonny Briggs of Berkshire. • The Committee have received divers hints and criticisms as to the Theology of this beautiful piece of poetry, as well as a multitude of good advice in relation to what should or should not be inserted in this buok. As to the objection— that thii fable makes the love of men of as much value as love to the Supreme (Joil,— we feel its full force; and while we would not, of course, send men to Leigh Hunt to uludy Theology, yet surely we may admire what is beautiful, and not rontrart Hrrkshire hospitality by excluding that which made a real and an admired part of the occasion. Then as to the matter inserted or excluded from this wi>rk, few can have any idea of the difficulties attending the compilation. They have only to say, that all Uiings con- sidered, they have done the best they coulil, and if their readers do not admire Uicir judgment, it is hoped they will their decision. l74 BEHKSIIIKE JUBILEE. Sentiment by Dr. Goodrich, of Brooklyn, N. Y. — Old }3ekksiiire — Our honored Mother; while she welcomes us, we will embrace her; while she cherishes, we will love her; and this day's welcome and this day's joyousness, shall but rivet the chain that binds us to her forever. Sentiment by President Humphrey, of Amherst College — Berkshire — A good County to go from; but a better one to return to. Sentiment by Josiaii Quincy, Esq., of New Hampshire — The Children of Berkshire resident in the Granite State, TO the home and friends of their early days — From the stern- ness and sublimity of their mountain fastnesses, they turn with new delight to the softer scenery and more fertile vallies of their birth place, thank God for its faithful hearts, and pray that its household fires may burn on brightly forever. David D. Field, Esq., of New-York, w^as called upon and addressed the meeting. Mr. President and Friends — I did not come here, I assure you, expecting to be called upon to make a speech, and I am not prepared to make a speech. I can only say to you a few words from the fulness of my heart. When we came here this morning — indeed W'hen we arrived yesterday, I believe all felt that if it rained it would be a great misfortune — that a cloudy day would not do for the Berkshire Jubilee. Well, it came with clouds, but there was not a cloud upon our hearts: it has all been sunshine there. We have been into it, and now that you have been greeted by Berkshire, the sky has cleared away, and the sun has come out upon the old hills as bright as you ever saw it in your boyhood. Can you ask for more? Why should we be afraid of clouds ? Do we not know — those of us who were edu- cated here, how often we have trudged to school and from school through storm, and wind, and sleet, and snow. Well, we went on, and did not regard it; we got home, and found a cheerful fire- side; we found the next day bright, and went on our way rejoic- THE DINNER. » 175 ing. So it has been with us here, and so, I trust, it will always be. : Those clouds have gone; those of you who are from a dis- tance, and who have not yet seen your old County, will see it soon in its freshest and most gorgeous beauties. The clouds are rising from the valley, and before the morrow they will pass from the mountain, and you will see those mountain tops in all their old beauty, as they greeted you in your early days. My friends, look about you, see what you have — what you have come to enjoy. How much is there changed! The great features of nature arc here so much more enduring than any thing man can make, that notwithstanding man has been at work here for a hundred years, nature remains the same, and the great features of the County are not changed. If the old missionary who came first into this val- ley, one hundred and seventeen years ago, could now look into it, he would know the spot from the old landmarks wITuli nature has made, and which man cannot obliterate. As I have before remarked, I desire to present you with a sen- timent, and a sentiment to which I beg leave to make a few pre- paratory remarks. I have often thought it was a peculiar privi- lege of those who had gone from Berkshire, to have gone young men. It has so happened — happened from the features of the County, from our own position, that most of us who emigrated from this County, went away in early manhood. This I conceive to have been a great advantage. I conceive it gives us not only familiarity with this most excellent scenery, but it gives us the impression which we could not have got in many other parts of the country, of the sort of society which is peculiarly the product of American institutions. If I were to point out to a foreigner any where in this country, an example of a community whose so- cial law and beauty were what I should say should be the produc- tion of American institutions, I should point out the County of Berkshire. It is around us — it is at our feet — it is the spectacle of that social equality without rudeness, accompanied by refinement such as I apprehend few parts of this country can show. Fellow-citizens — young men living in such a community, with such influences of scenery and of social law — can it be otherwise than that all of us should have gone away, deeply impressed with the scenes which we have left, anil that we should carry them with us as long as our hearts continue to beat ? Yes, you may 176 UERKSIIIllE JUBILEE. take the pnilllinp l)ny in the earliest years of his life — take him from your iiiountains ami semi him where you please, send him to the sunny south, send him to the farthest mountain, to the circle of civilization, plant him in the most remote island, and I will undertake to say, that ever, so long as he lives, will he cherish among the first recollections of his heart, what he remembers of his natal soil, and the circumstances of his boyhood. Yes : and if nature retains her own, be will totter to his grave with the recol- lection fastened upon him of what he has seen and known here — and if ever there come more serious moments over him, he will recollect " the old mansion, and the accustomed hall. And the remembered chambers, and the place. The day, the hour, the sunshine, and the shade, All things pertaining to that place, and hour," and he will go down to the grave with little upon his heart so deeply engraved as the recollection of his early life in the valley of the Housatonic. My friends, I have said already more than I intended, and there- fore I wall sit down with offering you my sentiment, only observ- ing that we come back — those of us who have gone out in exile, to look upon that which our eyes behold, and which many of us thought we should never behold ao;ain — we come back with feel- ings partly of joy, and partly of sorrow^, for there are sad recol- lections as well as joyous ones. The air, methinks, w^hispers the voice of our kindred, and their spirit seems to beam upon us in the holy light of these hills. My friends, I offer you this senti- ment — The Children of Berkshire — They have only to be steadfast in the principles into which they were born. (Cheers.) Professor Dewey, of Rochester, N. Y. I rise, Mr. President, as a son of Berkshire, a descendant of the earliest settlers of the County. I have been imbued from my ear- liest days with the principles of our Puritan ancestors. I was taught to honor by my works, our lineage. When the children of the family, with which it is my honor to have become connected, heard the call for the Sons and Daughters of Berkshire, to return THE DINXER. 177 and keep with you the Jubilee, they began by their action to prove that they still love the scenes of their earlier days, these moun- tains and vallies; and these ten children, with their parents, have met on this Jubilee, and with their huslnrnds and wives, to greet you to-day. Of those who have gone out from your County, Mr. President, there are two classes. The first emigrated in their childhood or youth, and have made their homes in other lands. They come back to enjoy the luxuriance of your County in the homes of their fathers; but, if it is natural for men to be attached to their homes^ as has been so often asserted, their attachments are in other val- lies, beside other streams, and amid other scenery. They return to rejoice with you on this occasion, but with very different feel- ings from those who emigrated in the middle of life. These form the second class; and while they may have found themselves hap- pily surrounded with new friends, they look on these hills and vallies as their home^ and as having become in their eyes more beautiful than ever before. Here they were educated to the admi- ration of this mountain scenery; here their tastes and views were formed. As they have seen some slow meandering stream making its dull way along the plain, they have said, as I heard a true daughter of Berkshire far in the west say, as she looked on sudi a rivulet, and thought of her home in these hills, this is not the streamlet, such are not the stones and pebbles of JWw England. Yes, sir, these emigrants love their old home more than ever, and some of them perhaps hope to return under some fortunate change of circumstances, and place themselves again in this land of their nativity. Is it true that it is natural for men to love their homes? and is this the case with the men of England, of France, of Switz- erland, and even of Lapland? There is something besides scenery and place, which lies at the foundation of this love. It is not tlie place of our birth, its mountains, rivers, external scenery. Much as I have loved, and still love, all these scenes, so splendidly pre- sented before us, I ask, sir, is it these that have made New Eng- land what she is — that have made Berkshire what she is — that have spread over the land such a noble people ? Go to the Ply- mouth Rock and look at those Pilgrim Fathers: did they not bring in the May Flower all that has ennobled our land, before they had seen these hills and vallies — those elements, which have made 178 BERKSHIRE JUBILEE. our fathers and mothers, daui^littrs and sons, wives and hnshands, the glory of our land? The physical system may be hardened and strenfjrthened by the influence of scenery and climate, but there must be a mightier power, a more potent principle to operate, or you can never make 7ne«, never can make JVeio England men^ can never make such sons and daughters as are the glory of Berkshire. But give to a man the elements of knowledge of himself — let him know that he has a mind and heart and soul — that he has been created to equal rights and privileges with his fellows; let him know and feel his responsibility to God and man — instil in- to him moral and civil and religious principles — and you have the elements of freedom and greatness. These elements, if they can find room to expand, will ennoble man everywhere. What mountain scenery made Franklin what he was ? or made Washington the " Father of his country 1" What mountain air inspired the spirit of Patrick Henry 1 Passing still farther to the sunny south, the Marions, the Sumpters, and the thousand names dear and glorious, possessed of the spirit of New England in their day, not originated by mountains and lakes and streams, but based on principles purer and more glorious. These it is, that distin- guished New England — that distinguished the Sons of this Coun- ty, and these are the elements which are to be preserved and ex- panded and extended, till they shall have free course over the land and the world. While politicians foretell disunion and change of government, and all the consequences they delight to portray when their own party shall not be predominant in the land; my common sense enquires, what other government than that of freemen could exist in New England, and probably over our land 1 We must be republicans. Possessed of equal rights as we are, we can be no other; and more mighty must be that scourge of God which must pass over our land, than has ever swept over any people, before any other government — before any other principles than those in which we have been cradled, which we celebrate to- day, and which are our glory, can prevail among us. Washing- ton ! he could not but have been a patriot, when he had once en- tered on the career of liberty. The glitter of a crown must have been spurned. The country was too full of noble spirits. Could he have removed those around him, the whole country, hill and THE DINNER. 179 dale, would have teemed with myriads more. The principles of our Puritan Fathers had become the life-blood of the land. It is one of the early and late corruptions of our religion, Mr. President, to maintain that man is man only by divine right; that it is the jus divinum that makes kings and nobility, and fastens upon the necks of the people the yoke which presses upon them. Now the great principle which we have been carrying out in all our free institutions is, that ihe^ jus divinum makes every man by nature a freeman, and endows him with the inalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Let this divine right be maintained and extended, and the glory wiiich rests upon us will roll onward, westward and eastward, northward and south- ward, over our world, and the world will be blest. Long before another .Jubilee shall come, I shall have passed to the grave; and the desire of my heart, which I now leave with you, is, that of the thousands which greet us to-day, each one may find himself, as God calls him from these loved scenes, passing away to a home in a brighter and better world. A song was here sung by several young men, with preat power and appropriate expression — Far away, o'er the mountains, Far away, o'er the mountains, Far away, o'er the mountains. From our own pleasant home; Drawn by ties which never Aught on earth can sever. Binding closer ever. To old Berkshire we have come. Long time ago we parted, In life we had just started. Young, strong, and ruddy-hearted, From our old Berkshire home; Every one a brother, Son's of one kind mother, Ne'er was such another. Now to greet her we have come. W 180 HKKKSIIIRE JUBILEE. Aye true to our relation, Tlirough tlie whole of the nation, We've follow'd our vocation, And we now homeward come; Over lands and oceans, Pedling Yankee notions, Morals, law, and lotions, Of our ancient Berkshire home. Oft fortune was untoward. Oft darkest storms have lowered, But we have never cowered, True sons of Berkshire home; Evil ever chiding. Over trouble striding, By our faith abiding. Welcome us, as back we come. Then earnest be our greeting! Then pleasant be our meeting! For though old time is fleeting, And distant we must roam; For all stormy weather. Courage we must gather. Since we are together. In our ancient Berkshire home. Now three cheers altogether. Shout Berkshire's children ever, Yankee hearts none can sever. In old "Massachusetts Bay;" Like our sires before us. We will swell the chorus. Till the Heavens o'er us Shall rebound the loud huzza. Hurrah, hurrah, hurrah. The President next read the following tribute to the memory of Dr. Channing, by a lady of Berkshire : It is a circumstance in the history of Berkshire, which should THE DINNER. I8l not be forgotten on this occasion, that one of the best and greatest men our country has produced, spent the last months of his life here, and that he delivered to a Berkshire audience his last public address. Our climate and our beautiful scenery contributed great- ly to his health, and to his enjoyment. He loved our hills and vallies, our streams and lakes. Their beauty gladdened his soul, and helped to swell the anthem which it sent up perpetually to the Creator, not altogether in secret, for its music was written on his countenance. He rejoiced greatly in the thrift, the well- being, moral and physical, of our people. To him every man was a indeed a brother, and to Berkshire men and Berkshire wo- men, he had that nearer feeling which residence gives toward a people among whom one's lot is cast even for a short period. It was his own proposal to deliver an address in Lenox, upon the first of August, 1842. He thought it fitting to commemorate that anniversary, and he believed that the voice of rejoicing over the proclamation of freedom to the captive, would find an echo among our hills. No one who heard him will forget that day, that bright clear day, and the pleasant assembling together of a people who appreciated the occasion and the man; whose eyes were fastened with delight from the beginning to the end of a long discourse, upon that countenance so full of the inspiration of faith, hope and charity; whose ears drank in every tone of that voice, uttering what proved to be its death-song, in strains as earnest, eloquent and touching, as if he had known it to be his last. " It is finish- ed," might aptly have been its concluding words; it was the last beautiful act of a most beautiful and useful public life — and the last utterance of all, was an invocation for the coming of that kingdom, the spread of which the speaker had so faithfully labored to promote. There is one passage in that discourse, which the pcoj)le of Berkshire should often recal. It is as follows: " Men of Berk- shire! whose nerves and souls the mountain air has braced, you surely will respond to him who speaks of the blessings of freedom, and the misery of bondage. I feel as if the feeble voice which now addresses you, must find an echo in these forest-crowned heights. Do they not impart somethiiisr of their own power and loftiness to men's souls? Should our Commonwealth ever be in- vaded by victorious armies. Freedom's last asylum would be here. 18i^ BERKSHIRE JUBILEE. Hrrc msiy a free spirit, may reverence for all human rights, may sympathy for all the oppressed, may a stern, solemn purpose, to give no sanction to oppression, take stronger and stronger posses- sion of men's minds, and from these mountains may generous im- pulses spread far and wide'.-' God grant that this appeal, made by a voice now hushed in death, may meet a perpetual response in the hearts of our people, from generation to generation, while time shall endure! May they not be satisfied with the distinction of being natives of Berkshire, but strive in whatever clime, under whatever circumstances they may be placed, to wear always the Berkshire badge — Industry, Uprightness, Humanity. Allow me, Mr. President, to propose the following sentiment — The Memory of Dr. Channing — May the Sons of Berkshire never be found wanting, when weighed in the balance which he so trustingly held up for them. Sentiment by the Rev. J. C. Brigham, D.D., of New- York — In this County, I am happy to say, I was born, and here receiv- ed my collegiate education. Since entering professional life, cir- cumstances have led me to visit in person all the States of our Union, with two exceptions, as well as the several Spanish Republics, and three of the kingdoms of the old world. Wherever I hare gone it has been my aim to enquire as to the comforts, habits, intelli- gence, morals, temporal and future prospects of my fellow men. As a commentary on the whole, I am prepared to offer with great sincerity, the following sentiment — Berkshire of the Bay State — Take it all in all, there is no better place in which to be born, to live, and to die. Sentiment by Hon. Timothy Guilds, of Rochester, N. Y. — Mr. President — I do not rise to discharge the duty assigned to me in the order of exercises; the day is too far spent, there are too many here who desire to relieve^ by a few words, their full hearts to allow me to do more than to give a sentiment. This meeting is one of deep interest; it cannot, I think, but be one of lastino- good. We have heard recounted the deeds, the virtues, the suf- ferings of our Fathers, we have looked again upon the scenery of THE DINKXR. 183 our native homes, we have revived all the joyous associations of childhood and youth, and the effect must be good, and only good. Whatever of virtuous purpose or principle may have attended us in our emigration, must receive new vigor from the events of this day. We all feel that the example of the Fathers of Berkshire rests upon their children, with the solemnity of a religious obliga- tion; we all feel at this moment that it would be criminal to dis- honor their history; and now that we are about to pronounce the w^ords of parting, and turn our faces to our distant homes, let us carry with us, deeply engraved on our minds, this sentiment — The Emigrant of Berkshire — Wherever may be his lot, or whatever its duties, let him never forget that he cannot be de- linquent without being degenerate. Sentiment by Dr. L. A. Smith of Newark, N. J. — Our friends who are not wnth us on this occasion — "Absent or dead, still let a friend be dear ; A sigh the absent claim, the dead a tear." Sentiment to the memory of the late Dr. Hyde, of Lee, by W. P. Palmer — Saint! in thy loss we learn this blessed lore That not to breathe, is not to be no morel Oh no; to those whose days like thine have passed In self denying kindness to the last. Remains, unfading with the final breath, A green and sweet vitality in death! Sentiment by Silas Metcalf, Esq., of Kinderhook, N. Y. — "The Yankees and the Dutch — The Western Hail-road has broken down the distinction of caste, — the commingling of blood cannot fail mutually to improve the stock." Sentiment by T. Jov, Esq., of Albany — The return of the Sons of Berkshire — Though under cir- cumstances exactly the reverse from that of the Prodigal — yet their sires killed for them the fatted calf. 184 BERKSHIRE JUBILEE. Sentiment by D. C. Whitewood, of Michigan — The ANNUAL CROP PRODUCED IN Old BERKSHIRE — Philosophers, Orators, Statesmen, Merdiants, Physicians, and Professors — may tlie crop increase until she has enough for her own consumption, and a large surplus for export, and on every cargo she consigns to the ports of Michigan, the Woolvereens will pay her a heavy export bounty. Sentiment by the Rev. Joshua N. Danforth, of Alexandria, D. C— We stand here to-day, numbering forty in relationship — twen- ty-five of us the direct descendants of David Noble, of Williams- town, the upright judge — the exemplary christian. His name and memory, like those of our immediate parents, we regard as a sa- cred legacy, by which w^e are enriched, and of which we are not ashamed. If the spirit which dwelt in the bosom of the fathers, shall be transmitted through the sons to our posterity, we, like them, shall not have lived and died in vain. The scenes we witness to-day, are indeed impressive. Genius is pouring out his treasures w'ith a generosity suited to the great occasion. Poetry is weaving her most beautiful garland. Friend- ship brings her costly offerings to this altar. Even History has a portion in the reminiscences of this auspicious day. The Muses and the Graces have conspired to honor the occasion. And if the joys of the living must necessarily be mingled with those sorrows which affection pays to the dead, the depth of the emotion attests the value of the tribute. Some of us are devoted to the law: some to the ministry of reconciliation: all, we trust, are found in some sphere of activity and usefulness. Some are in the far west; others in the far east. One walks on missionary ground, dwell- ing in an Asiatic clime, and consecrating the energies of her heart and life to that Redeemer who has loved us all, and given himself for us. As this is a family gathering, something may be pardoned to a family feeling in the mention of these particulars. If I may be permitted to give expression to my feelings in the form of a sentiment, it should be — The Home of our fathers, revisited to-day in our persons — our hearts never depart from it. The Graves of our fathers — they THE DINNER. 18o contain our richest earthly treasures. The Memory of our fathers — let it be green as the vernal verdure of those graves. Rev. Orville Dewey, D.D., of New-York, took the stand in ac- cordance with the invitation of the President. He said he had got his travelling coat in his hand, and taken his staff. He was sensible that the time had come for them to part, and I give you my pro- mise, (said he,) that I will not detain you long. Yet I think, sir, that this occasion has some significance on which it may be worth our while to spend a moment ere we leave it. This immense mul- titude, this sea of faces around me, what do they mean? Sir, they mean that we are called here by the power of a single sentiment, and I am delighted to recognise that power — am delighted to see in our New England — in our scheming, contriving, calculating New England, an immense assembly like this gathered together, not to build a rail-road, nor bolster up any party, but gathereil as I may say, for nothing in particular. (Laughter.) We are drawn together by the power of a mere sentiment. I have travelled all over New England within a few weeks past, and have seen from one state of it to another, a strong heart — beating in reference to this very occasion. I am disposed sometimes to say that the tem- perate zone of the earth is the very torrid zone of feeling. It is so at least of the home feelings. I believe, powerful and wide spreail as is the political agitation of the present moment, that no party mass meeting could have drawn so many from far and near to it, as this great domestic mass meeting. (Cheers.) I say we are called together by a mere sentiment; we have come, not for our own interest nor a supposed advantage — not to help forward any political, commercial or scientific object. These have their pla- ces: but they do not occupy our attention to-day. We have come upon a pilgrimage to the shrine of our nativity. This is the fes- tival of our nativity. It was a happy thought, I think, to send out the invitation to this meeting; and, I will say I have been, not surprised, but struck, to observe the hearty and enthusia.stir response to the call which is given in this immense assembly. It came to us scattered over the extent of a country almost equal to half of Europe; it found us in the city, spread over the prairirsof the west, by the shores of the northern lakes; it found us engaged with many cares and labors — one at his (arm, another at his mer- 186 BERKSHIRE JUBILEE. chandise, one stiulyinfy his brief, another ministering to his people; but when we heard that invitation, what was the talismanic agen- cy that broke the spell and determined us to obey it 1 It was like the song of the Scotch maiden, " The woods in which we dweU pleasantly rustled in the song, And our streams were there with the sound of all their waters." It has been said that in this wide country, continually inviting to new settlements, and with the almost nomadic habits of our people, the sentiment of home is likely to be weakened. I will not contend that point formally, but will ask those who have returned after many years' absence to their native home and fields, whether the sentiment of which I speak has died or is likely to die ? I am' quite sensible that we are likely to wear this theme threadbare. We must talk about our home. It is that in which all our thoughts and feelings concentrate now^ But is it possible to wear out this theme? No: these homestead acres w^hich give back the lessons of our childhood; these fields in which are writ- ten the memories of past pleasures; these hedges which warbled sweet melodies to our youthful ear, the barn roof on which we once heard the rain patter; these lowly porches on which we sat when the day went down; the hearth-stone that first echoed to the name of "father," "mother," — all are themes of delight, ever green, ever fragrant. We may have found wealth, splendor, fame, elsewhere; but there is no spot of earth like this. If I express my own feelings, all other aspects wear an air of strangeness and foreignness in com- parison with these. And yet, after all, I feel how utterly vain are my efforts to express this sentiment. There is something coil- ed up in this sentiment which I cannot unfold. It reminds me of an anecdote of one of the venerable fathers of the church in this County — Dr. West, one of the most learned, pure, gentle spirits that ever lived. I recollect one day of hearing a little child read the Scriptures. Its voice had nothing remarkably impressive, it was a child's voice. I found myself moved in the most extraordi- nary manner, and yet unable to tell why, for I understood not what she uttered. On a few moments' reflection I discovered that the tone of that little child's voice was like the voice of Dr. West in prayer. So I think it is with home affections; we are moved, we can scarcely tell why, at the sound of the word home. It is THE DINNER. 187 good for US to cherish these affections. Antaeus, the child of Terra and Neptune, of earth and sea, only on the earth could be strong, could draw his replenished energies, enabling him to hold contest with the foe ; and thus it is we turn hither on the waves of life, we spread our sails for the haven of honor, but after all, the re-af- forded strength and courage to fight with perils is drawn from the home affections. One word more, and I will relieve your attention. If it could so have happened that we who are gathered together had met as travellers in the heart of Asia, and if an urn of earth taken from these fields around us could be placed upon the board around which we were gathered, of that sacred earth we should make our altar and over it, pour out our homage, and when we parted, I doubt not, we should be glad to take a handful of that earth to be a holy talis- man, a sacred relic to cheer us on our way. So in the journey of life we have met to-day to pay our homage of thanksgiving, and when we part we will take a breath of home affection, as it were a bit of earth, to be a pleasant inspiration and memory in time to come. The President introduced to the meeting Hon. Jllus Rock- v.'ELL, who, (he said,) though a Connecticut boy, is a Berkshire man. Mr. Rockwell having taken the stand, said — Mr. President — When you took your place there, I thought sir, you told us you were to follow a chart or plan laid before you: and you will find no such thing as you last read upon it. It was my honorable distinction here, to be entrusted to present to this meeting a sentiment from another mind. Sir, you have rightly said, I am not one of Berkshire's Sons. But I have done all I could to make my position better; and I say to every young man who hears me, go and do likewise, (cheers;) for with the most persevering exertions, I tell him, he can obtain, if he be not too late, a Berkshire wife! (Great dieering.). One of the gentlemen who has spoken here, has told you how fortunate it is in young life, to go from Berkshire ; 1 can tell him how fortunate it is in young life to co7ne to the County of Berk- shire. Another gentleman, with great beauty and power, spoke of the feeling that pervades every heart on this occasion, as the feeling of the young eagle returning to the eagle's nest. What X 188 BERKSHIRE JUBILEE. think you is the feeling of the eagle mother as she sees her young, strong in pinions, strong in all that becomes and ennobles their kind, returning to their mother's nest? O! in other days, — those days when the rights of man demanded that one nation should be arrayed against another, — they came back with the eagle beak all crimsoned with blood! God upheld and blessed them as they struggled, and toiled, and conquered, and rejoiced together. But now! they come back with the same strong wing, the same pierc- ing eye, to tell us of their achievements on other fields and in other things, and to exhibit them here. They have received their w^arm w'elcome ; and a pity it is, that this occasion may not last as long as the fair sun which now blesses it, continues to shine. But I may not trust myself to say more. I present you the sen- timent of one who, though not born or bred in Berkshire, is here to-day in mind and in heart, and whose pen all know. It bears the initials of" L. H. S.," and all know it belongs to Mrs. Sig- OURNEY. The Old Bay State — You scarce can go, where streamlets flow, In prairie, or western glen. Or among the great, in halls of state. But you'll find the Berkshire men: May the blessing of health and well spent wealth, And stainless names await (With the treasur'd glee of this Jubilee,) The Sons of the Old Bay State. L. H. S. The sentiment of Mrs. Sigourney having been read, a young la- dy from the centre of New-York, immediately offered the follow- ing sentiment impromptu — You scarce can go, thro' the world below, But you'll find the Berkshire men: And if you rove the world above, You'll find them there again. THE DINNER. 189 SONG: [Composed by a member of the Young Ladies' Institute, and sung by the Young Ladies of the SchooL The whole company joined in the chorus.] Glad sounds of joy are on the air, And shouts rise loud and free, Our quiet vale resounds with mirth And hearts o'erflow with glee. For days of auld lang syne, dear friends, For days of auld lang syne, We'll have sweet thoughts of kindness yet For days of auld lang syne. Thrice welcome^ brothers, wanderers, all Who filially have come, Our voices high in song we raise And bid you loelcome home! For days of auld lang syne, &c. How sweet for friends to gather home, Where once they've happy been. Though paler now life's lamp may burn And years have rolled between. For days of auld lang syne, &c. And since those eyes beam welcome yet That smiled in gladness then. Now, in the smiles of friends thus met. Whole years are lived again. For days of auld lang syne, &c. The days of life's glad spring return With all their hopes and fears. Where fondly mem'ry plucks sweet flowers To bloom through future years. For days of auld lang syne, &,c. Soon, greeting smiles to sadness turn As drops the parting tear, But mem'ry long shall sacred keep Our glorious gathering here. For days of auld lang syne, &c. 190 BtUKSHIRE JLBILEE. At the dose of the ode, sung to the tune of Jluld Lang SynCj by the Young Ladies of the Institute, the President called Judge Betts, Chairman of New- York Committee, Avho said — Mr, President and Gentlemen and Ladies — Whilst the me- lody of this sweet song rests so pleasantly on the hearts of all pres- ent, I should most unwillingly disturb the grateful emotion by an address of my own. Indeed had I tones at command which would embrace this wide family encampment, of what could I so filly speak to you here as of jiuld Lang Syne ? and no words of mine could express the feelings swelling our bosoms on this occasion, so impressively as the parting chant those young voices have left on our memories. In place then of occupying your attention with a speech myself, permit me to employ the moment of the day and of our festivities yet remaining, in offering a suggestion which may enable each one of us, by the transactions of yesterday and to-day, to speak for all and to every heart in this broad land, and to the children of Berkshire in all times to come. I am authorized by the Committees of Berkshire and New-York, to invite a meeting this evening of the Committees and all others concurring in the object, to take measures for publishing and pre- serving the proceedings of this Jubilee. Mr. President — May I ask your indulgence in parting, to offer a sentiment which seems to me brought strikingly home to all of us, children of this choice region, and who have gone out from among you. The opportunity has been afforded me the past few days, in vis- iting a series of your beautiful towns, to compare, to some extent, the present, with the state of the country in 1806, when my resi- dence in it ceased. Since that period the doubled population — the improved cul- ture of the land — the thrifty appearance of villages and farm residences and manufactories — the increase of churches, schools and academies — all denote an eminent and solid advancement in wealth, refinement, and the substantial comforts of life. In view of this great and interesting progress in improvement and well being here, the thought seems appropriate to us — that we, emigrants, should realize that there is much before us to do to ren- der our conditions abroad of equal fellowship with those in Old Berkshire, at home. THE DINNER. 191 The President called upon the Rev. Mr. Todd, Chairman of the Berkshire County Committee. Mr. Todd responded to the call as follows: Mr. President — The difficult and painful duty has fallen upon me, of bidding farewell to these friends who have honored us so far as to come from their several homes to revisit the scenes of their childhood, to revive the memory of other days, and to renew tlie acquaintances of early life. Were it not tliat time is too precious, and one individual of too little consequence at this moment, I might express my deep regret that this duty had not fallen upon some other one. We have often thought, sir. — thought with pride, of our Gor- geous hills and valleys, which have been so beautifully celebrated at this time; we have often taken pride in this our home, and in all that is included in the term "Berkshire," and thought that we had scenery unsurpassed in nature. We thought that this occa- sion would bring bright and loved beings around us — brighter and more loved than whom, could not be found on the face of the earth. But, I doubt not, this pride in the present occupants of Berkshire, has been justly rebuked and deeply humbled. We had no con- ception of the beauty, the intellect, the character, and the real no- bility of nature, which this meeting would call home; and here- after we shall look back upon this gathering as one of the bright- est and most beautiful occasions in our earthly pilgrimage. We have been thinking how we could erect some monument of this Jubilee. In our wisdom, we have spoken of several; but after all, God has been before us, and his mighty hand hath reared tlie Monument. That Hill from which we came to this pavilion, will hereafter bear the name of "JUBILEE HILL!" and when our heads are laid in the grave, and we have passed away and are forgotten, we hope our children, and our children's children, will walk over that beautiful spot and say, "here our fa- thers and mothers celebrated the Berkshire Jubilee!''' This monu- ment shall stand as long as the footstool of God shall remain. Friends, dear friends! we have been greatly honored by your presence. We come now to give you the parting hand. We hope you will not forget these scenes that must live with the mem- ory of childhood, of the homes you have loved, and of the friends 192 UKUKSHIUK JUBILEE. you have greeted. You leave us now forever. But we shall not forget you. We shall remember you in our morning and evening prayer. We shall bear you up to heaven, and go where you will, we pray that our fathers' God, the God of Jacob, may be your God. We hope that you will not forget that your character was formed by the domestic hearth, by the humble school house, by the bright meadow, the lofty mountain and the deep glen; and above all things, we hope you will not forget, nor let your children for- get, the old family Bible, — our fathers' Bible, King James' old English Bible! Don't forget how " That Bible, — the volume of God's inspiration, At noon and at evening, could yield us delight, And the prayer of our sire was a sweet invocation, For mercy by day, and for safety through night. Our hymns of thanksgiving, with harmony swelling, All warm from the heart of a family band. Half raised us from earth to that rapturous dwelling. Described in the Bible, that lay on the stand : The old fashioned Bible, the dear blessed Bible, The family Bible, that lay on the stand!" Don't forget this old Bible, the chart of liberty; that which has made New England, which has made the " Old Bay State," and especially, that which has made Berkshire what it is. And now in the name of your Committee, Fathers, Mothers, Bro- thers, Sisters, Friends, while the band stand ready to strike the notes that are to part us, we pause simply to say, thank you! God bless you! Farewell! We shall not think the less of that son or daughter who drops a tear, as we say to one another, Farewell! Farewell! till we meet on the great day of meeting! Three hearty cheers were then given for the Old Homestead^ and the Emigrant! The band played a farewell while the immense multitude separated, most of whom were in tears. B H o 25 a a H o w" o p 5 o o H APPEIDIX APPENDIX. A KEGOLLECTION OF THE STOCKBRIBGE LXIIIANS. BY THOMAS ALLEX, ESQ., OF ST. LOUIS. There are a living people, an entire class, whose Father-land is this on which we tread, not one soul of whom mingles in this ge- neral Jubilee of the Sons and Daughters of Berkshire. This, our native soil, was once theirs, and sacred to them by the dust of their ancestors mingling with it. But for them the " home-call" had no charms, and they are not here. No joy to them to come back and see the old forests gone, their fathers' bones scattered in the furrow, and our homes built upon fields where their genera- tions sleep. But let us not be so ungenerous, amid our rejoicing, as to disdain a recollection of the poor Housatonic Indian. At the period of the first settlement of the English in Berk- shire, there w^ere no Indians permanently situated within its limits bearing a distinctive appellation as a tribe, or living together as a separate and independent community. Small bands dwelt in the southern portion of the County, and the miildle and northern por- tions were often penetrated and traversed by individuals and par- ties from the tribes beyond the County, north, east and west. As the w^hite settlements extended in eastern Massachusetts, the native tribes moved gradually westward. Many of them fled before the whites in alarm, and it is ])robable that Berkshire was often the temporary refuge of the doomed and terrified fugitives. It is said that as early as King Philip's war, (1675,) some 200 fugitive In- dians were pursued by soldiers of the Connecticut colony, from Westfield to the banks of the Housatonic, where a battle ensued in which many Indians were captured. Y 198 WZKKSHIUK JUniLEK. The first purchase of land by the whiles in Berkshire, wasmaoscs,'' — it is however, understood that a portion of tliem are opposed to having their nationality thus merged in ours, and have applied to Congress witli the purpose of effecting a repeal of Uie law. APPENDIX. 203 their farms, and are very orderly and industrious. Tlii-_> v..iii(tiuu's produce a little surplus corn to sell, and sometimes they labor for others for wages. They enjoy the benefits of a mission school. • Missouri and Iowa are settled up to the boundary line, and many of the white settlers are beginning already to desire the lands of the Delawares, which are beyond. They are of the most fertile and beautiful description, and destined, as settlement has hitherto been prosecuted, to fall very soon into the clutches of the white man, when the Indian, the Stockbridge included, must take ano- ther step toward " the western sea." The Stockbridges have pre- served a very uniformly respectable character — continued friend- ship for the people of the United States, and what is more singu- lar, nearly the same.average number of souls in their tribi-, from about 1750 to this day. Let us imagine the Stockbridge Indian returned to-day, like us, to his native Berkshire. Does any kindred welcome him? Docs any thing living give him a friendly token of recognition.' Me- thinks I hear him sadly saying, in the language of our honored and honoring poet: " It is the spot I came to seek, — My father's ancient burial place, Ere from these vales, ashamed and weak, Withdrew our wasted race. It is the spot — I know it well — Of which'our old traditions tell. " For here the upland bank sends out A ridge toward the river side ; I know the shagt^y hills about. The meadows smooth and wide : The plains, that toward the soulliern skv, Fenced east and west by mountains, lie. • The Delawares have hercfoforc opposed (he eslablishmrnl of a St<>okl)riil);o )ioii>i> of worship and school ainon}:rthcin on the .Missouri. Hut the Stt)ckbridj^os tliero have a native teacher among them, who is no doubt cmi)loycd, and may, in some nirasurn supply the want of the regular (eaclier whom the Haptist Missionary Society wpro desirous to furnish, and who is unilorsfood to be awaiting the withdrawal of tho op- position of the Delawares, wliich now j)rceluilcs licr from entering ujuin her duties. As to religious instruction, though from Uie same o|)|)osilion Uiey are wilhoul a re- sident missionary, they still have the occasional pastoral services of a member of the Baptist Shawnee Mission. 204 BERKSHIRE JUBILEE. " A whitft man gazing on the scene, Would say a lovely spot was here, And praise the lawns so fresh and green Between the hills so sheer. I like it not; — I would the plain Lay in its tall old groves again. " The sheep arc on the slopes around, The cattle in the meadows feed. And laborers turn the crumbling ground, Or drop the yellow seed. And prancing steeds, in trappings gay. Whirl thej)right chariot o'er tlie way. " Methinks it were a nobler sight To see these vales in woods arrayed, Their summits in the golden light. Their trunks in grateful shade, And herds of deer, that bounding go O'er rills and prostrate trees below. " And then to mark the lord of all. The forest hero trained to wars. Quivered and plumed, and lithe and tall. And seamed with glorious scars, Walk forth, amid his reign, to dare The wolf, and grapple with the bear. " This bank, in which the dead were laid. Was sacred when its soil was ours ; Hither the artless Indian maid Brought wreaths of beads and flowers, And the grey and gifted seer Worshipped the God of thunders here. " But now the wheat is green and high On clods that hid the warrior's breast. And scattered in the furrows lie The weapons of his rest; And there in the loose sand is thrown. Of his large arm, the mouldering bone. " Ah, little thought the strong and brave. Who bore their lifeless chieftain forth; Or the young wife, that weeping gave Her first born to the earth, That the pale race, who waste us now, Among their bones should guide the plough. APPENDIX. 205 But I behold a fearful sign To which Ihe white men's eyes are blind; Their race may vanish hence, like mine, And leave no trace behind, Save ruins o'er the regioi spread, And the white stones above the dead." LITERATURE OF BERKSHIRE. By W. a. The Literature of Berkshire^ using the term in tlu- broad sense of the word, is worthy of being remembered on this occasion. The amount of it is, I suppose, about seventy or eighty volumes, besides some hundreds of single sermons, orations and addresses. Few writers in our country, have written more than the two Ed- wards', Hopkins and West, Griffin and Humphrey, with Todd and Miss Sedgwick. Then Dr. Dewey and Mr. Tapp.\n, have published several volumes each ; and Professor Dewey, and oth- ers, have written various treatises. Father Leland, of Cheshire, was also prolific as an author. In the department of Theology^ what writings in America are more ceiebrdted, than those, which have come from the pen of Berkshire men'? In the department of education and of the right training of the young in knowledge and virtue, what writings have been more widely diffused and more useful ? In the depart- ment of moral fable and interesting narrative what writings have been more acceptable to the publicl In the department of poe- try what poet in America is comparable to him, who was born among the eastern hills of the Green Mountain Range and who cultivated his rare talent in the silent valley of the llousaiunnuk ? I know not how many volumes of foreign travel have been pub- lished by citizens of Berkshire. The History of our County was written many years ago, by Rev. Dr. Field and Professor Dewey ^ assisted by many ministers of the county. METAPHYSICS OF THEOLOGY. I believe there is no spot in America, where it has been so much cultivated, as in Berkshire; and that without perhaps impairing the plainness and faithfulness of the preaching of those, who cul- tivated it. 2 10 BERKSHIRE JUBILEE. In a six foot square study, in Stockbridge, was written that great book, President Edwards' Essay on the " Freedom of the Will." This was published in 1754, ninety years ago ; but at the present day it stands at the head of all such speculations. Dr. Hopkins' writings are well known. He was the minister of Great Barrington. Dr. Stephen West, of Stockbridge, wrote a metaphysical book, an essay on Moral Agency. Dr. Jonathan Edwards the son of the President, wrote also on the subject of Liberty and Necessity. Some of the writings of Dr. E. D. Griffin, are also sufficiently metaphysical. And last. Rev. Henry P. Tappan, formerly a minister of Pitts- field, has published three learned volumes, designed to establish a system in opposition to that of President Edwards; and it is writ- ten with great ability. These various works, produced by Berkshire, are, I believe, more in number, and in value, than all the other metaphysical books, which have been published in all North America. MISSIONARIES FROM BERKSHIRE. The Missionaries from Berkshire should be honorably remem- bered. 1. The first was Rev. John Sergeant, who first visited the Indians at Housatunnuk, in October, 1734, and died amongst them in 1749, — having baptized one hundred and eighty-two Indians, and formed a church, consisting in 1749, of forty-two members. 2. Mr. Timothy Woodbridge was his worthy assistant teacher of the natives. 3. The care of these Indians then fell to Dr. West, and to Mr. John Sergeant, the son of the first missionary. 4. Among the first missionaries to India, was Rev. Gordon Hall. After the labors of thirteen or fourteen years, he died in 1826, at the age of thirty-six. 5. Rev. Daniel White, of Pittsfield, missionary to Africa, died very soon after his arrival, in 1837. 6. Other missionaries are the following — APPENDIX. 211 Miss Salome Danforth, Smyrna. Rev. JosiAH Brewer, of Tyringham, at Smyrna; he has re- turned. Mr. Nathan Benjamin, of Williamstown; at Athens, in Greece, in 1838. Mrs. Whitney, whose name was Mercy Partridge, of Pitts- field; at the Sandwich Islands. Mrs. Harvey R. Hitchcock, of Great Barrington; Sandwich Islands. Mrs. Rogers, (was Elizabeth M. Hitchcock, Great Barring- ton;) Sandwich Islands. Rev. J. C. Brigham, of New-York; went as a missionary agent to South America. Mr. Daniel S. Butrick, of Windsor: Dr. Elizur Butler, of New Marlborough: Mr. Josiah Hemmingway, relieved: Mrs. Wisner, (Judith Frissell, of Peru;) all among the Che- rokees. Mr. Cyrus Byington, of Stockbridge. Mrs. Jones, (Emily G. Robinson, Lenox.) Mr. Ebr. Hotchkin, of Richmond, and Anna Burnham, among the Choctaws. Mr. Benton Pixley, of Great Barrington; among the Osages. Mr. Fred. Ayer, of West Stockbridge; among the Ojibwas. Emily Root, of Lenox; to the New-York Indians. Mr. Hotchkin; among the Choctaws. There may be yet others, whose names have escaped inquiry. CATALOGUE OF BERKSHIRE SOLDIERS AND CILVrLAIXS IN THE FRENCH AND REVOLUTIONARY WARS. 1. Of those who fell in the field, or in the service of their country — Colonel Ephraim Williams, the fouudcr of Williams' College, killed near Lake George, Sept. 8, 1755. Capt. Chapin, killed at Williamstown, July 11, 1756. Rev. Whitman Welch, of Williamstown, chaplain, died near Quebec, March, 1776. 212 BEUKSUIHE JUBILEE. Colonel Mark Hopkins, of Great Barrington, died at Wliite Plains, Oct. 26, 1776, aged 36. Colonel Thomas Williams, of Stockbridge, died at Skenesbo- rough, July 10, 1736, aged 30. 2. Of the Chaplains in the service of their country, besides Mr, Welch, already mentioned — Rev. Adonijah Bidwell^ of Tyringham, at the capture of Louisburg, 1745. Died June 2, 1784. Rev. John Norton, captured at Fort Massachusetts, at Hoosuc or Adams, in 1746. Rev. Stephen West, chaplain at the same post in 1758. Died May 13, 1819, aged 83. Rev. George Throop, of Otis, chaplain in 1776. Rev. Thomas Allen, of Pittsfield, chaplain at Ticonderoga; also a participator in the Battle of Bennington. Died Feb. 11, 1810, aged 67. Rev. Daniel Avery, of Windsor, chaplain in 1777. Died in 1819. 3. Of those who survived the war — Gen. Joseph Dwight, of Great Barrington, commanded the artillery at Louisburg, 1745; was in service also at Lake Cham- plain, in 1756. Died June 9, 1765, aged 62. Col. John Patterson, of Lenox, marched with a regiment of minute men for Boston, in 1775, the next morning after hearing of the Battle of Lexington. He assisted in the capture of Burgoyne, in 1777. Gen. John Fellows, of Sheffield, marched to Boston at the head of a regiment after the battle of Lexington; he fought at White Plains. He died August 1, 1808, aged 73. Capt. Daniel Nimham, an Indian, commanded a company of Stockbridge Indians at White Plains. Col. Benjamin Simonds, of Williamstown, was a soldier in Fort Massachusetts when it was attacked, in 1746. Died April 11, 1807, aged 81. Gen. David Rossiter, of Richmond, commanded a company of minute men at Cambridge, in 1775. Died March 8, 1811, aged 75. APPENDIX. 213 Col. Simon Larned, of Pittsfield, an officer in the Revolution- ary war, and in the war of 1812. Died Nov. 16, 1817, aged 61. Rev. Cornelius Jones, first minister of Sandisfield, dismissed in 1761; afterwards a wealthy faimer in Rome and Skcnesbo- rough, and a zealous whig ; commanded the militia of Rome at the capture of Burgoyne. Col. Oliver Root, of Pittsfield, a soldier in the French war, was with Col. Brown at Palatine, in 1780. Died May 2, 1826 aged 75. Col. Joshua Danforth, of Pittsfield, an officer of the Revolu- tionary war. Dr. Timothy Childs, of Pittsfield, a surgeon in the army, marched to Cambridge in 1775, in Capt. David Noble's company of minute men. Died Feb. 20, 1821, aged 73. 4. The following are the names of Captains in 1775 — Charles Dibble, Lenox. Nathan Watkins, Partridgefield. Samuel Sloane, Williamstown. William Riley, Great Barrington. Ebenezer Smith, New Marlborough. Wm. Goodrich, Stockbridge. Noah Allen, Tyringham. Peter Ingersoll, Great Barrington. Capt. SouLE, Sandisfield. Adjutant Samuel Brewer, Tyringham. MR. BARNAED^S LETTER. Albany^ August 19, 1844. To the Honorable Samuel R. Belts, My Dear Sir — I beg leave to communicate to you, and, in this way, to the Sons of Berkshire who will assemble at Pitlsfield on the twenty-second and twenty-third days of this month, the deep regret I feel at being deprived, as I am, at the last moment, by occurrences which I could not foresee or avoid, of the happiness of being present, as one of their number, and mingling my con- gratulations, my rejoicings, my sympathies, with theirs, on this interesting and affecting occasion. I feel this deprivation as a personal affliction. It is an occasion which had been long antici- pated by me, and impatiently waited for. The idea of such a Jubilee as this, to be conducted in the man- ner of this, and held for such objects, could hardly have origina- ted in any other period, or in any other quarter of the world. The living Sons of a single County in Massachusetts, born on its rugged soil, and nurtured on its rough, yet fertile, kind and genial bosom, are to come together from all parts of our wide-spread country — a very numerous company — to join hands around an altar, erected in the land of their nativity, by themselves, and ded- icated to friendship, to gratitude, to patriotism, and to religion. They are to hear a sermon delivered by one of their number, and an oration pronounced by another, and speeches will be made, and poems recited, around the whole circle. The fountains of all hearts in that generous circle will be broken up, and a libation will be poured out, nobler and purer than any and all that He- brew, Greek or Roman ever offered. It is a sacrifice to be made to mother earth on the spot whence the dust of their bodies was taken. It is an offering of thanksgiving to be made by the chil- dren of one large and happy family, gathered once more before they die, under the spreading roof-tree of the paternal mansion. It is a solemn procession to be made around moss-grown graves, tenanted by the honored and still beloved dead. All the gene- APPENDIX. 215 rous emotions, all the pious feelinc^s, all the tender sympathies, all the undying sensibilities of the human heart, will be touched, and brought into full play, during the simple and beautiful ceremonies of this occasion. And another order of sensations also are likely to be aroused. While the living Sons of Berkshire have been growing up, the world has not been standing still, and they themselves have not been idle. Science, and the Arts of civilization ;md of life, and the knowledge of truth and of God, have been making progress. Physical and moral, and intellectual, and religious cultivation has been advanced. Berkshire itself shows how the rough places have been made smooth, and how the hills have been carried into the plains. Her rich vallies laugh in the sun, and the slopes of her lofty ridges wave in yellow corn, or in green pasture. The comfortable dwelling, the rich mansion, the school house, the college, and Chris- tian spires out of number, diversify and adorn her beautiful land- scapes. These ha\' e long been her heritage, but improved and ex- tended by her care; and now, unpromising as seemed her broken ter- ritory for such an enterprise, she is girt with a pathway of iron, and traversed daily, and almost hourly, with the speed of the wind, by snorting and furious steeds, of human generation, with ribs and sinews and hoofs of iron and steel. And all around her, and far distant from her — far as the footsteps of her children have wan- dered — improvement has been going on. The light of Christiani- ty and of liberty has been dillused. Good morals and good prin- ciples, we trust, have gone along with the increase of physical fa- cilities and comforts. While the earth has been subdued, and the powers of nature have been tasked to fill our horn with plenty, and make our cup overflow with blessings, we trust that good will to men, and peace on earth have been steadily promoted. And, in every good word and work, at home, and remote from home, the Sons of Berkshire — aye, and the Daughters of Berkshire not less than they — may claim to have had their full share. In sci- ence, in literature, in arts, in trades, in professions, in politics, they have been among the foremost men of their time. In their ranks have been found eminent writers, eminent poets, eminent lawyers, eminent doctors, eminent divines, eminent profcs.sors, eminent artists, eminent judges, eminent orators, eminent .senators, eminent statesmen — and, with all, eminently honest men. There is scarcely an honored station in life which has not been filled AA 216 BERKSHIRE JUBILEE. and adorned from their number. Many of these will be fotind at the gathering of the Jubilee; and every heart there will beat with honest and just pride in the presence of such recollections, and such a consciousness, as the occasion cannot fail to call forth. And those who will contribute most to the noble enjoyments and sacred pleasures of the occasion, not so much by what they may there say and do, as by what they have been, and what they are — by the good they have done in the world, and the conside- ration and fame they have acquired — these are entitled to know and feci — and in the depths of their hearts they will feel — the fullest and most exquisite relish of delight. The very occasion itself will demonstrate that Berkshire has produced and given to the world, something of ability and learn- ing worth being proud of. The Sons of Genius will be found there, among the Sons of Berkshire. Eloquent lips will speak in prose and verse; sound instruction will be communicated; pious lessons will be inculcated; glowing thoughts that burn into men's minds will be uttered. The company assembledt here — they themselves go away wuser and better than they came. I repeat that I feel it as a personal affliction, that I am to be deprived of the happiness of "attending this Jubilee. And since it must be so, I wish, in this way, to put in my claim to be num- bered among the Sons of Berkshire — content to take my place among the humblest of the number, if only I may be remembered as one of them. I was born in Berkshire County, and I am proud of the place of my birth. I am proud of the great and good names that have sprung from her soil. I wish to be allowed to claim that affinity to these names which is due to the accident of my birth in the same territory. The soil that has been so fruitful of good men and good women — certainly I think I may be allowed to rejoice that I was born upon it. And this is not all I have to rejoice in towards Berkshire County. My father, who is still liv- ing in perfect health, at eighty-seven, was not a native of Berk- shire. He married there, resided there a few years, and then, when I was a very young gentleman, not yet out of the cradle, re- turned to his father's home, and the place of his nativity in Con- necticut. When I was of age to begin my classical studies, if ever I was to begin them, he found himself an inhabitant of west- ern New-York, long before the wilderness there had blossomed in- to a garden as it has since done, with reduced and limited means- APPENDIX. 217 But what then? There was Berkshire; and Lenox Academy and Williams' College were there; and there as much good Greek and Latin, and Mathematics, and Natural Philosophy could be had, as might suffice a young man of humble pretensions, and at a very moderate cost, as those institutions were among people of simple, unostentatious and unexpensive habits. Thus I became indebted to Berkshire for my academic and collegiate education. And I have one thing more to thank Berkshire for — the chief thing of all — the blessing of all blessings — for my mother. She was a native of that County, of a family not unknown or undistin- guished among those who may meet at this Jubilee, and she is still living at a very advanced age. May God bless Berkshire forever, for my Mother! Quis talia fando temperet u lachr3Tnis 7 Through you, my dear sir, and in this way, as I cannot do it in person, I beg to present to the Sons of Berkshire assembled at their Jubilee, my respectful greeting, my congratulations, and my hearty good wishes, and to subscribe myself, Their friend, associate and brother, D. D. BARNARD. A BEIIKSIIIRE FAMILY SCENE. [Having incidentally heard a friend mention one of the many family-gatherings brought together by the Jubilee, it occured to the Committee that there might be a picture of it preserved, with- out rendering what is sacred, unduly public, so that, should another such occasion occur after this generation is gone to the dead, it might be seen what made the children of Berkshire love their homes so tenderly, and what kind of families we have here. Ac- cordingly the Committee WTote a note to a friend, requesting him to furnish them with a sketch of the picture. They believe that no heart will require an apology for its insertion, after having read it.] Rev. J. Todd, Reverend and Dear Sir — Some time prior to the celebration of the Berkshire Jubilee, I was requested by a friend in New- York to prepare an account of its doings for publication in one of the monthly magazines. Without promising to do so, I nevertheless made my arrangements to present him, so far as I could, with a faithful picture of what might take place on that occasion. But when the days of the Jubilee had passed by, and that which had so long been a thing of anticipation became one of memory, I found it impossible to comply with his request. The Berkshire Jubilee had indeed come and gone. But that which it had brought with it, unlike what I had looked for, could not be imparted to others. True, there were the crowd of joyous home-comers, — there were the addresses, and songs, and speeches, and toasts, — there was the warm welcome of children back to the old mansion, and the glad greeting of brothers and sisters long separated, — but all these, excellent and beautiful as they were, were not, — nor was any thing that can be told in words — the Jubilee. That was far down deep in the heart's inner sanctuary, — a thing sacred, which might not be imparted to others, and with which " a stranger intermed- dleth not." I know not that it can be better described than in the language of a hard, browned-faced old man, than whom few" are APPENDIX. 219 less used to the melting mood, — on the second evening of the cele- bration, — " I don't know how it is," said he, " but I have lelt all day as if I could sit down and weep, and as if it would be manly to do so." In our family, the ten living children met at home for the first time in seventeen years. The old mansion in which eleven of us, one of whom is not, were born and brought up, opened its doors to receive us back, and father and mother, still living in green old age, gave us the warm welcome. Some of us had gone away early in life, and had formed new connections and found other homes in the far west; while others had remained under the shade of the old roof-tree, raising up new plants in the naiive soil. New ties were around us, a new generation was springing up in our pathway, and the cares of life had long pressed heavily upon our hearts, but at the sight of the old homestead age seemed to renew itself, and we all once more became children. Why should we not ? Here was the old mansion with its rooms and chambers, its long halls and winding balustrades, just as it was in our childhood. Here were the old thorns by the door-step, and the long garden in the rear; the shrubbery in the court-yard, and the a])ple trees in the orchard; the barns on whose mows of hay we tumbled in mer- riment; the w^ood-house chamber, the shed, the cistern, the well; all unchanged, or changed only as our own hearts had changed by passing years. And our parents too, the same still, only dear- er to our love as age had gently imprinted its signet upon them; w^e saw all, if not in the same bright sunshine of childhood, yt-l in a softer, milder light, like evening twilight of autumn, and felt again like children subdued and chastened into a (luiet ghuhuss. I might extend the picture, and tell of our many joyous meet- ings during that whole week of the Jubilee, — of tlie revival of old recollections, of revisiting wonted haunts, of welcoming back former schoolmates long forgotten, of recounting feats and achieve- ments of the play-ground, — but I could not do it justice. It was one of those bright spots in life, which, like the island beyond the gates of Hercules to the early voyagers, lives forever in the me- mory of those who had seen it, but a description of which no words can convey to others. Soon after we came together, it was proposed by some one of our number, that some memorial should be made of our home meetino-. The suggestion met with universal acceptance, and after 220 BERKSHIRE JUBILEE. a little consultation, it was concluded to present our parents with a family Bible, in which each child's name should be inscribed. A bcautilul Oxford Bible was accordingly procured, and Sabbath evening, after prayers, was the time fixed upon for presenting it, that being the last day we were to be together. That Sabbath was a bright day. The morning broke over the hills, pouring its glad light upon mountain-side and valley, just as it used to do to our childish vision. Upon all nature there had fallen the same old-fashioned Sunday quiet, and the whole land- scape seemed to be rendering silent worship to the great Creator. Not a sight met the eye, not a sound came upon the air, which was not in harmony with the sacredness of the day. Within doors, too, all seemed like the Sabbaths long past, for ours had been the Puritan Sabbath, a day of rest from all worldly toil and care and thought, when we were made to feel that one stage more of life's journey had been passed, and that we were one day nearer to our eternal home. We all attended the public religious services, worshipping again in the same church where each in turn had received the seal of the covenant, and to which our feet had been directed from earliest childhood. How familiar to the eye was that ancient sanctuary, and though one missed here and there faces which were ever seen in God's house, how fresh came back to the heart the hallowed scenes and teachings of departed years ! Many an eye filled with tears, and I believe many a heart was made better, by the lessons which memory brought back to us during that day's worship. As the sacred hours wore away, one and another of the children and grandchildren dropped in from their own homes, until once again of a Sabbath evening we were all assembled under the pa- ternal roof. According to our custom from childhood, we met for family prayers in the west parlor of the old mansion. As we gathered at the call, from hall and chamber to the wonted place, the full, rich sunlight of a summer's afternoon streamed through the thick blossoming foliage around the windows, and the Sabbath quiet, — the quiet of a New-England Sabbath, — seemed to have brooded over every heart. Our mother read aloud from the Bible, and middle-aged men, grown stern amid the cares and business of life, and mothers, whose homes and loved ones were far away, became children again in the hearing of that voice, whose tones from infancy to raaturcr years had taught them lessons of piety APPENDIX. , 22l from God's Holy Word. A hymn, hnstily written but a few hours before by one of the daughters, and which I transcribe unaltered, was then sung with an interest and depth of feeling that language cannot portray. HYMN. Once more a heartfelt greeting, In the house which gave us birth ! Once more a Sabbath meeting Around our fathers hearth ! Now, while our sins confessing We bend the knee in prayer To heav'n, we send our blessing For being gather'd here ! And when in prayer we're bending, Will not sweet spirits come, From the blest skies descending. To join the group at home 1 (Green be the turf above them ! Soft be their lowly bed ! There still are hearts which love them, Our bright, our early dead !) We thank thee that our parents In green old age abide. And that once more we gather Around them side by side ! Oh, may the lessons taught us In days long since gone by. By faithful hearts deep-cherish'd, Lead to the home on high ! Each one of us hath taken Life's weary burden up ! Each one of us partaken Of sorrow's bitter cup ; — Some o'er the grave low bending, Have hid our treasures there. While up to heaven sending The agonizing prayer ! 222 BERKSHIRE JUBILEE. And now, as soon we sever, Each to Jiis weary way, From mem'ry's tablets never Shall pass this blessed day. And oh, when each succeeding, We lay us down to rest. Through the dear Saviour's pleading, May we meet among the blest ! After the singing of the hymn, w^e knelt in prayer. It was at the same family altar, where the earliest vows of the forgiven had been recorded, where the noblest aspirations of youth had been consecrated to Heaven, and where the faith of Christian parents had committed to God their departing children, to be guarded against the dangers of the world and kept holy and undefiled. It was an hour which those who were present can never forget, for all the events of long past years, which memory has gathered as her treasures, were again opened to the heart. At the close of the prayer, the eldest of the group, himself a man passing the me- ridian of life, taking the Bible from its envelope, laid it upon the knees of our parents, remarking only, that " at a meeting such as we could never expect again, it was deemed fitting to have some memorial as a token of respect and affection to our parents ; that for this purpose we had chosen the Bible as the most meet emblem of what we felt ; and that as it was the book they had given to each one of us as a guide in our early years, so we returned it to them as the staff of their age." I need not add that the last scene was the most touching, and the more so that it had been entirely un- expected. The twilight of the evening was fading away before the group broke up. As we were rising to go, our mother remarked upon the cause of gratitude which the situation of each one of the chil- dren in life gave to all. " They owe it all to you," said the father. " No ! " was the mother's reply, " they owe it all to this blessed book, the Bible." I am, dear sir. Very respectfully yours, THE LAST CHAPTER OF THE CHRONICLES OF THE BERKSHHIE JUBILEE. BY CATHARINE M. SEDGWICK. Now George, of the tribe of Briggs, hchv^ of a iroodly slaturr, and moreover having an upright mind and a pleasant speech, gained the hearts of his brethren. And the dwellers in Massachusetts, chose him to be their head and chief ruler. And George dwelt in the goodly land of Berk- shire, and his dwelling was in that upper valley of Ihe Housa- tonic, which our fathers bought of tiie red men and called it Pittsfield. Now in the first year of the magistracy of George, a good spirit entered into the hearts of the Sons of Berkshire, both of those who dwelt in the homes of their fathers, and of those who were dispersed abroad. And to these last came visions and dreams, and the homes of their childhood rose before them, and they saw in vision the green and dewy hills of Berkshire, with* their maple groves, and the wide shadowing elm which hath no equal for beauty and graceful- ness among all the trees that the Lord hath made ; and also the firs and the pines of their mountain tops ; and the smiling vallies standing thick with corn, and the pasture and the orchanl, and the skating and the coasting ground. And there appeared before them in vision also, tiio fair dau'^^h- ters of their people even as they had sei'U them in the freshness and the beauty of their early days. And the ripple of the lakes sparkling in tlnir vallies, and the gushing of the streams from their hills was in their ears, like far off music. BB 226 BERKSHIRE JUBILEE. And their kindred who had been galhercd to their fathers, the mother who had rocked their cradle, and he wlio had toiled for their youth, and brothers, and sisters, and friends, rose before them, and beckoned them to the land in which they were born. And their hearts were faint within them till a goodly purpose was breathed into them and they spake with one voice, and said, " Hath not the Lord given us rest on every side." Now we will proclaim a Jubilee ! — we will go up to our Jerusalem ! We will worship in the Temples of our fathers ! We will kiss the sod that covers the graves of our kindred ; and we will sit ourselves down in the old places where their shadows will pass before us ! And we will rejoice and make merry with our brethren ; and Memory and Hope shall be our pleasant ministers. And we will lay our hearts together and stir up the mouldering embers of old friendships till the fire burns within us, and this, even this sacred lire will we transmit to our childrens' children. And even as they said, so did they; and in the summer solstice with one heart and one mind they came together. The pilgrims from afar and the sojourners at home. Even from the valley of the Mississippi came they ; and from the yet farther country of the Missouri — and from the land of the sun, even from the south land, and from all the goodly lands round about Massa- chusetts. And strangers who honored them, and whom they honored, also came ; not intermedtllint^ with their joy, but greatly aug- menting the sum thereof. And they gathered together, a multitude of people, old men and elder women, young men and fair young maidens and much children — a very great company were they. They came not, like the queen of Sheba, " bearing spices, and gold in abundance, and precious stones," but instead of these — sound minds v/ell instructed — hearts of gold — loyalty to the land of their fatheis — imperishable friendships — religious faith — all pearls of great price. And a great heart was in the people of Pittsfield, and they APPENDIX. 227 opened the doors of their pleasant dwellings and bade their brethren enter therein. And they spread fine linen on their beds, and they covered their tables with the fat of the land ; for the Lord had greatly blessed the people of Pittsfield. And they said to all their brethren,,come now and enter in, and freely take of our abundance, for lo have we not spread our ta- bles for you ; and hath not the angel of slet-p dressed our Ix-iU, that our brethren may sleep therein '? And the faces of their brethren shone and they entered in ; and they said, it was a true report we heard of thee, thy land doth excel, and thou hast greatly increased the riches and the beauty thereof. Corn aboundeth where, in the time of our fathers, the ground was barren. Thy flocks and thy herds are multiplied. Many goodly dwellings, such as were not aforetime hast thou set up. Thou hast enlarged the bountls of thy iVuitful fields, and thou hast gemmed thy gardens with flowers. Walks hast thou laid out and planted them, and thou hast done well to cherish that stately elm, the monument of the past, the last relic of the forests where the red men hunted. And moreover, here do we behold a wonder such as Solomon in all his wisdom conceived not of, when he said, " there is noth- ing new under the sun." Here in this land, the wilderness to which our fathers came but as yesterday, have ye builded a work which was not done, nay, nor was it so much as conceived of, by the cun- ning artificers of the east, nor by the many handed labor of Egypt, nor by the art of Greece ; and even now is the report of its pon- derous engines and passing multitudes in our ear ! And many words were spoken cheering the heart and lighting up the countenance. And all the people went up together into the temple of the Lord. And there spake unto them Mark, the son of Archibald, and this was the same Archibald, albeit a tiller of the ground, honored among his brethren of the lower valley, for he loved much, and was an honest man, but now he was gathrred to his fathers, and Mark his son was set up to be a light in the land sind an instructor of the young men. And his brethren had chosen him to speak unto them, he being of an excellent spirit and know- 228 BEttKSHIRK JUBILEK. edge, and understanding, and noted (or showing of hard senten- ces and dissolving of doubts. And he spake wisely and he greatly pleased his brethren : are not his words written in this Book of the Jubilee? And William, the son of that priest of the valiant heart, who in the days of the oppression of the Kings, ministered unto the people of Pittsfield, he also spake unto his brethren. And Joshua of the tribe of Spencer, a wise man and learned in the law spake to them. And he brought forth to them from their old Chronicles lost and forgotten treasures, and he pleased them with the sayings and doings of their fathers. And a goodly tent was spread, and they did eat together, both men and women, with great gladness, but they drank not save of the pure water of their hill-country, for George their ruler, said unto them, touch not the wine-cup, for there be of our brethren who have perverted this good gift, and drunk of it to tlier own destruction, and thereby causing us shame, and also much sorrow — threfore w^e will put away this evil from among us. And they listened to the voice of their ruler, for they loved him, and they did the thing he desired. And now all that Joshua spake, and also the sayings of the wise and the w^tty men, and the speech of the eloquent, and the salutation of the stranger, and the word spoken by the simple and loving heart, and the song sung to the stringed instruments, be- hold they are WTitten in this Book of the Jubilee ! Now the time of separation came, and they blessed the Lord for that he had greatly blessed the land of their fathers. And a spirit of meditation fell upon them, and they said in their hearts, our days on the earth are a shadow and there is none abiding. One generation appeareth and passeth away, and another cometh but the good that we do that shall remain. Have we not this day listened to the words of Mark and Joshua ^ and have we not delighted to honor George, whom our brethren have set up to be a ruler over us 1 Whence come they forth — APPENDIX. 229 Mark, Joshua and George ? Not from the rich, nor the learned— lo did not their fathers labor among us even with their hajids ! Now seeing this is the order of our land shall we not call on the son of the humble man to be diligent— shall we nut multiply for him instruction, and open to him the fountains of knowled^'e, and remove far from him vanity and corruption I We pass away, but our hills and our vallies they remain — in beauty hath the Lord made them. His creations are fair to look upon — shall not the work of our hands l)e in harmony with the Lord's work ? Therefore where the hand of the feller has Irlh d the goodly trees we will plant and water, and the Lord will surely give us increase. And when we build our temples, whether they be for the wor- ship of the Lord our God, or for the instruction of our young men and maidens, or for the meeting of the rulers and judu'es of our land, we will seek a goodly pattern therefor of men cunning in art. And also for the houses in which we dwell, and the barns, and whatever is builded with man's hands will we ask a pattern of men skilled in these matters, lest following the devices and de- sires of the ignorant we mar and burden the lovely land the Lord hath given us. And our bridges, and our fences also shall be pleasant to the eye — and order and neatness shall be manifested about our habita- tions — and in all these things will we heed the warning which Benjamin, of the tribe of Franklin, hath given us in the parable of the " speckled axe," thereby warning us not to set down con- tent with imperfection. And we will enlarge our gardens and plant therein the frtiits and flowers of divers countries ; and our daughters shall tend them, as Eve dressed the garden in the days of her innocency. And also we will not forget our burial-places where our kindred lay, and where we shall soon be gathered among them. We will extend the borders thereof. We will plant around them trei-sand fashion walks ; that our young men and maidens may love to 230 IIKUKSHIRE JUHILKE. come thither to think on their lathers. And there shall be seats there lor the old man at noon-tide to sit under the cool shade and meditate on the Lil'e and Immortality which the Lord our Saviour hath broui^ht to light. And morevoer, we will plant flowers there, that our little chil- dren may come to pluck them, and the soft music of their feet may be on the sod that covers our graves. And this good and much more did they purpose to the land they loved — even the pleasant land of Berkshire. And when the hour of parting came, the bands of their early love were straitened. And they said with one accord, henceforth AND FOREVER WE ARE BRETHREN ! NAMKS OF EMI&iUNT SONS AS RECORDED IN THE REGISTRY. [A Registry was prepared for the reception of the names of those who had gone out, and still resiile out from Berkshire. But owing to the immense crowd, and to the fact that almost every moment of time was occupied in some public exercise, but com- paratively a small part of those present, recorded iheir names. In copying from the Registry, we have omitted all who now live in the County. We shall be agreeably sur])rised if there arc not mistakes in the names. They were written in great haste, and many of them so illegibly, that, though we have been assisted to decipher them by the bright eyes of two of lierkshire's fair daugh- ters, we do not feel confident in all our spelling. — Ed. J 234 BERKSHIRK JUUILKP:. O B I" eS to .5 H Kg a ^ C bn C "> '^ ^ m 4) rt S CM? 11 E2S 4) o c 2 " p S ^ ^jj.-o^a S^- S(^>^ >^s 1) o-S-t: ? o •-H .' 'T' "^ •-■ u f- fe S r" i- rt b a; S ^ O ii be o c ^^ T . 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'c. •5 X *- z , t c . c ' r C O 3 >^^ > CiJ L, W W c fcivJ — S H-l VjJ H, cb=£=^Brt?55S§- ti;-^'-— "•. • .Qc;L^""i::;j=3s.L::7^rtt«>^£ .sC— o^ -C 3 > APPENDIX. 239 •-— t>^ = "■ ^ ^ <5 cu^ u "5 .^r ^ O be D 2 ,»i^ .^"-^: £ S 'T ? rt T. .->- ^u. > & c ^si^^^-s-r Ml ^ c . 5 t* l^ «* u . • t. = C • n — C ^ <; ^ -^ c c i : = C j: r: «, 3 <;; o c o ^ n — '3- C: — • _ rv — . — -^ ce cc occcoo ESSES cr f^ ic j-' • a! X oc of oc 5/ af be X • f~ w ^ be or S: r ? 7 S 2 o s c K' :£ ac C o c o c ip§ -■ r = ?* "-"^ S^ f^ 2£ li S* J- i£ ? f^' — — '^* ^' '~ T '^ - S nr K r~ 3? dc ?- 2C y -y- a^ 7 i~ x -? or y T- 7 :^i EESSSSEE£EEESSSSE£ScSE£=£E£ -popccocococccccpccccccp: ;c J :s t, ^, t^ ^ 5 3 C S X.- — — — ►^<; " £ *- tj t- /■> rr ; t; J: c ^ £ - - _c i H^ i: r= 7 iii s « 4. » S it <-z . 3 CC en £ y ^ • c c • "= t. .-, w 5 E-" -: r-r V _* o ^ rr ■? ^ e -S 5* r'-f. -3 •;: rt ^- S ^ i- n .- S , o S -^ '" rH ^ „ 3 3 rt t. k^ >-^ C X — !-• '• -1 J •" ." = c c .,, .. C rt <,^-^>->-s -.'iE 9 £ 'i c J= t P t^ rt '^ ■ tt C rt CJ ^ — U^ IZ M S w '-'■ ' 240 BERKSHIRE JUBILEE. Si; o O I— I H Pi s U en 12; C £ rt o K '^ _-„'=;><>< . 9 ^O-O-'T''?' „ ^ .'=■"3 > ^ o c rt = o sJ" ?r ^l?; i3 2 o O rt QJ . 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ScScESssssES popop?oooo?p o =.= Or • n^ c o z ti ;z; y < 2; a :^ - s; < -? = E o • ,Ho-3 . " ._• t '- = c - ■- s c Ec . I- R J- * : c s = -. S J « .- iJ =^- J: ji C- 'O ro ■* r~. ro oc 1.0 — c. c- r» — 00 r^'M2*-M-M-T-- — — — ;«:— •Ti-rt ocacaoooccoCGCxocooi^orxor OOCOOOOOCC0003 ^' "7* w O c; 'M or * ~ c, >^ * ^ fv^ X X 00 cc r~ (X t- f^ -/: i~ U f^ v 1^ £cSSSScS-==SS= opppocooocsco- be X (T r -> Z h- >0 £7 — - — C 3 c n 6 2 II O ° if QI2;; 10C5 rtXi Xi3 M rt,Si "-^ — O m o — 1; -t: y c c c — £ C-3 '^"^ ** r-11 - ?t; CO. ■ w J s 1-3 :>&->-: an I con Ure- r c ;i I* w S« ■-; SS i. 'X XI 53 ^fco c < 2-?!li/-' o < o 3 g — -,, ,:5 — •^ ^ z i o c i? « i-^ '^'~ ' ^?.a^^S'=^':.T=S<^ 1-5 H ;? T-5 ^ ffi 12; E ^ -> >.^ i5 >.:5 « .-r ^ — _ «) c III £"5 ^ ■? . ■ St:-""- 242 BERKSHIRE JUBILEE. > ■i • • " 2 • ! i 3 ; ; o 00 1— a 3 Speech of Gov. Briggs, ]'j3 Speech of Hon. M. S. Bidwell, 159 DD 211 INDEX. Paue. Sentiment, by Drake Mills, Esq 160 Speech of Dr. Holmes, ICl Poem, by Dr. Holmes, 162 Speech of Judge Dewey, 164 Sentiment, by Thomas Allen, Esq.,..w 166 Speech of Hon. John Mills, 166 Sentiment, by C. B. Gold, of Buffalo, 170 Sentiment, by Reuel Smith, Esq., 170 Speech of Theodore Sedgwick, Esq 170 Speech of Mr. Macready, and Poem, . . < 172 Speech and Sentiment of Mr. Coldcn, 173 Sentiment, by Dr. Goodrich, 174 Sentiment, by Pres. Humphrey, 174 Sentiment, by Josiah Quincy, of New-Hampshire, 174 Speech of D. D. Field, Esq 174 Speech of Prof. Dewey, of Rochester, N. Y 176 Song, sung by Young Men, 179 Tribute to the memory of Dr. Channing, ISO Sentiment, by J. C. Brigham, D. D 182 Sentiment, by Hon. Timothy Childs, of Rochester, 182 Sentiment, by Dr. L. A. Smith, of Newark, N. J 183 Sentiment, to the memory of Dr. Hj-de, of Lee, by W. P. Palmer, 183 Sentiment, by Silas Metcalf, of Kinderhook, N. Y 183 Sentiment, by T. Joy, of Albany, 183 Sentiment, by D. C. Whitewood, of Michigan, 184 Sentiment, by Rev. Joshua N. Danforth, 184 Speech of Orville Dewey, D. D 185 Speech of Hon Julius Rockwell, 187 Sentiment, by Mrs. Sigourney, t 188 Sentiment, by a Young Lady, 188 Song, composed and sung by the Ladies of the Institute, 189' Speech of Hon. Judge Betts, Chairman of N . Y. Com 190 Speech of Rev. Mr. Todd, Chairman Co. Com 191 The Parting at the Table, 192 View of the Village of Stockbridge, 194 APPENDIX. Recollection of the Stockbridge Indians, 197 View of the Village of Lee, 208 Literature of Berkshire, 209 Metaphysical Writers, 209 Missionaries of Berkshire, 210 Soldiers and Chaplains of Berkshire, 211 Letter from Hon. Mr. Barnard, 214 A Berkshire Family Scene, 218 View of the village of Lenox, 224 The Last Chapter of the Chronicles of the Berkshire Jubilee, 225 View of the Village of Great Barrington, 232 Names of the Emigrant Sons, 233 ti^i iCi^i S^Jl!i S^ll?i UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY Los Aiif;tlfs riiis book is UL't oil the last date staiii|)<(l lulow. M J UN 6 1988 Form L9-Series 4939 ■JIIJIM JUl " •^OifiATNlIJHV ^t^Aavaaii^^^ ^(^Aavaan-^^"^ ^^\SlLIBRARYQ< ^tllBRARYQr '^ \\^EUNIVER% ^v^OSANCFlfj> -s^lOSANCflfx^ o rrt oo L^ DC ^.OfCAiiru;?Xi, ,.\)i 3 1 158 01210 51 /b ^ f^ ) 'oxmrnv ^^ILIBRARYO^ ^ 1 ii-^ ^ "^.l/OJIIVO ^^OFCAill >&Aava^ >- \\^EUNIVERJ//, ^-ky 7- iir <;rMiTMfRXRfGtOHAl. LlB^AW* f*a.fTV 111 AA 001 161 741 2 sS;lOSAN(i vVlOSANC r> ^^/^d]AIN ^^^^illBRA| ^ OFC/ v<