IC-NRLF $B n LSM I Prohibition in Kansas By HON. W. R. STUBBS Governor of Kansas Delivered at the Great Northern Theatre, Chicago, March 27, 1910 Published By THE AMERICAN ISSUE PUBLISHING CO. WESTERVILLE, OHIO. HON. W. fc STUBBS ADDRESS OF GOVERNOR W. R. STUBBS OF .KANSAS, AT CHICAGO, SUNDAY, MARCH 27'." In Which He Tells What Constitutional Prohibition Has Done for Kansas, Giving a Great Many Documents in Support of His Argument. I came to Chicago to defend the fair name of Kansas against the slanders of those whose interest it is to see our laws violated, our civilization defamed and our state policies impeached. I am going to furnish you and the country exact and indisputable facts concerning the enforcement and operation of the prohibition law in Kansas. The proof which I shall submit to you would be accepted as conclusive evidence before any court in the United States. I am anxious to know whether the good people of Chicago are willing to credit the statemn .^ of a combination of brewers and saloonkeepers who are spending hundred? of thousands of dollars annually to poison public opinion, and debauch t:.e law in preference to the statements of those who are standing up for '.s American home, working and pleading for decency in public life and making efTo; in every direction to build up a great state on the foundation of a wholesome morality. I did not come here as a politician, for I have never yet had either the time or the inclination to iearn the laws or tricks of scientific politics. 1 have never made a prohibition speech in my life. I am a practical, plain- speaking business man and while I regard the moral and sentimental sides of the question as constituting its strongest claim on society for support I propose, to a very large extent, to discuss the subject from a cold-blooded, economic standpoint. In other words, I am going to present it to you as a sound business proposition. When I was a candidate for governor in 1908 I made the campaign for my nomination and election on the proposition that if elected to this office every saloon, joint and place of every kind whatever regardless of the sentiment of the community had to be closed. This proposition was made in my campaign speeches to the saloon men in "wet" communities as well as to temperance people ; I stated publicly all over Kansas in Pittsburg in the mining districts as well as the localities where the law was enforced that any man who estab- lished himself in the saloon business in violation of the laws and constitution of Kansas would be regarded the same as any other outlaw, and all the power and force of the state government would be used to punish and destroy his business. This does not mean that we have no violations of the prohibitory law, for if there were no violations such a law would not be necessary. It does mean that the prohibitory law in Kansas is as well enforced as other criminal statutes, and that when men violate it they are arrested, convicted and promptly sent to prison. The United States government has taken a step which will aid materially in stamping out the irresponsible bootlegger and whiskey vender who now is the principal violator of the prohibitory law in Kansas. Under direction of President Taft the Attorney General of the United States has ordered United States district attorneys in " 'dry' territory" not to compromise with men who violate the internal revenue laws by permitting them to pay fines, but to prose- cute them and send them to jail for a reasonable time. I want to especially impress the fact upon your mind that .while Kansas had substantial prohibition for twenty-eight years it has had absolute prohibition only since May, 1909. Previous to this time liquor was allowed to be sold through licensed pharmacists, for medicinal, mechanical and scientific purposes. Abuse of this privilege led to dissatisfaction and the last legislature wiped out all exceptions and made the state absolutely "dry." Before they could sell intoxicating liquors these pharmacists had to obtain an internal revenue stamp and it is upon this circumstance in part that the agents and spokesmen of the breweries and the distilleries are trying to deceive you by showing the number of so-called licenses issued in Kansas last year. A further explanation of the number of licenses issued in Kansas is found in the method of handling violators of the Federal stamp law. When our state officers arrest a man for selling liquor they notify the internal revenue officers, who come to him at once and collect a Federal license tax, often times finding the man in jail. This man is then quoted by the breweries, distilleries and sa- loon men of other states as a saloonkeeper in Kansas, when in fact he is either 272&U7 in jail, paroled during goo'a Behavior, or under injunction never to again engage in liquor selling in our state. Under our state law the finding of a Federal license stamp in a place fitted up for the sale of intoxicating liquors is primae facie evidence of violation of the prohibitory law, and I challenge the brewers and distillers to show one in- ternal revenue liquor stamp posted in a saloon or joint in Kansas. While I am not an expert in the affairs of the local government of Chicago I venture the assertion that conditions which are due largely to the saloon and kindred evils of society constitute your most disturbing and distracting prob- lems. Usually cities having an ambition to solve such problems commission delegations of its wisest and best citizens to investigate the treatment of these problems by other communities. As chief executive of my state it would give me great pleasure to welcome delegations from Chicago to Kansas for the purpose of showing them the results of prohibition. We have had commis- sioners from Canada, New Zealand, England and Australia and even now the governments of Italy and Russia are investigating our methods of dealing with this evil, the greatest social and governmental problem on the face of the earth today. If wisdom should cause you to send such a delegation to Kansas I will guarantee they will not find a business man of standing in the state who will not testify that prohibition is the best business asset of Kansas. Prohibition must be judged by results it must stand or fall upon its merits. The people of Kansas are very progressive, very positive and intensely practical in their ideas and habits. If the prohibitory law had not given us a better civilization and a higher type of manhood and womanhood it would have been repealed years ago. If it has increased drunkenness, crime and perjury, as saloon men claim it has done, the saloonkeepers would all be supporting the law instead of fighting it, for it would increase their revenue. This is an age of conservation. Prohibiting the manufacture and sale of whiskey is more closely identified with a sound con: ervation policy than are the laws prohibiting the. wanton destruction of the forests. You may think that Francis E. Willard and Gifford Pinchot were far apart in their line of effort, but they were not both were protecting the natural re- sources of the American republic. "Woodman, spare that tree" is fine sentiment, indeed, but it is not finer than "Brewer, spare that youth." Half a century ago slaves were worth $1,200 in this country. From a purely economic point of view, and as a national resource, good, clean, healthy, well-educated American boys ought to be worth much more. If you will stop for a moment and think how many of them are annually ruined, and utterly destroyed by the saloon and its influences you will be so appalled that you must at least begin to appreciate the value of prohibition as an economic policy. If you think it is not a business question figure carefully on the annual revenue derived from your saloons and see how far it will go to meet your losses of boys alone through the criminal institutions which are fostered under the wing of the grog shop ; for I assert that the brewery is originally, and the saloon is ultimately, the spawning place for the gambler, the prostitute, the robber, the wife-beater, and, finally, the murderer. The gambling house and the house of prostitution are so closely allied with the saloon that when the latter is compelled to move out of a community the others must go with it as they have done in our state. Prohibition in Kansas is not the result of atmospheric conditions. The climate had nothing to do with it. Reason \ras at the bottom of it all. It was not brought about by fanatics but by sane, sober, patriotic folks who had longer heads and more common sense than the average of the American people had at that time. It was not a new theory. It was as old as the abuse of liquor. Eleven hundred years before Christ an emperor of China decreed that all the grape vines be pulled up by the roots and burned to ashes. China has been a sober nation ever since. Centuries before Christ Lycurgus, the great law giver of his people, did precisely the same thing in Greece. The Carthaginians prohibited drinking in their army 300 years before the Christian era. Draco, in his laws, made drunkenness a capital offense. All through history you will find it and wherever it was observed the nations became greater and the people more virtuous. Prohibition is the doctrine of self-defense. Kansas is simply protecting its people from the arch enemy of human happi- ness. Kansas homes are protected from an infinitely worse enemy to society than the burglar. Prohibition has simply muzzled a brute that is ten thousand times more vicious than a mad dog. It has only established a quarantine against a plague more destructive than cholera. It has merely cut out a useless expense that was more burdensome on the people than all of the state and county taxes combined. There is nothing radical or unreasonable in helping a weak man to carry his week's wages home to his wife on Saturday night ; there is nothing fanatical in enabling her to send her children to school with good clothes, good shoes and a good dinner in the little basket. Prohibition serves the child as well as the man. It is for the wife as well as the husband. It is for society as well as for the individual. It is for the gov- ernment as well as for the governed. In Kansas it pays the doctor his bills, the lawyer his fees, the pastor his salary. It helps the milkman, the farmer, the baker, the butcher, the grocer, the newsboy, the dentist, the book store, the photographer, the tailor, the dressmaker, the merchant and the manufacturer. This is why the people of our state are so thoroughly committed to its support. Opposition to it has practically ceased in every quarter. Every political party in the state has publicly declared for the strict enforcement of the law. But here in Chicago and throughout the United States the brewers, dis- tillers and saloonkeepers, their attorneys and retainers are telling in posters, pamphlets and speeches that prohibition increases crime in Kansas; that it is making a large crop of perjurers and hypocrites; that it has ruined public credit; caused intolerable taxation; destroyed industries; discouraged develop- ment ; effeminated the people and reduced them to pauperism ; upset social rela- tions, and so on throughout a long list of statements equally false and absurd. These charges are true or they are not true. They are based on facts or they are utterly without foundation. On my honor as a man and upon my word as the chief executive of nearly two million sovereign people I say to you they are infamously conceived and maliciously false. The saloon men are in desper- ate straits and are simply trying to deceive people who are aroused by their crimes that the system may be kept up. The same devices were resorted to by the friends of slavery in this country but Illinois produced a citizen who brought out the truth and proved to the world that the country could get along better without the national curse of servitude. I want to tell you the truth about prohibition in Kansas : First I assert that drunkenness in Kansas has been reduced to such a point that I have not seen a drunken man in the city of Topeka, a place of 50,000 inhabitants, during the last twelve months; that I do not have any recollection of having seen a drunken man in my home city of .Lawrence, a place of 15,000 people, for several years; that in making a campaign throughout the entire state and delivering public addresses in ninety-two counties I do not recall see- ing a drunken man during the year. So long as our sister state Missouri has saloons in St. Joseph and Kansas City right on our border there will probably be drunkenness in the cities im- mediately across the line with nothing but a street to mark the difference be- tween prohibition and open saloons, and so long as the federal government re- gards shipments of liquor as interstate commerce and permits wagon loads of beer to be peddled in the streets of Leayenworth, Kansas City, Atchison, Pitts- burg and other cities along our border line, there will be more or less drunken- ness in these cities. I have here with me a number of letters and telegrams from mayors of cities, chiefs of police, judges of courts and others on the subject. Chief Hearn of Hutchinson, a city of sixteen thousand people says: "July, 1908, 'drunks' 127; July, 1909, 'drunks' 16." James McLain, City Marshal of Winfield, says: "Since the policy of rigid enforcement of the prohibition law was begun in Winfield drunkenness has diminished 85 per cent and crime growing out of drunkenness has diminished in like ratio." The report of the Chief of Police of Pittsburg, near the Missouri border, shows a decrease in her monthly report of drunkenness from fifty-three in May, 1008, to eleven in May, 1909. It went down to nine in June and to two in July. This is a city of more than 18,000 inhabitants. Second I assert that in the 105 counties of Kansas that I do not know of a conviction for perjury growing out of the prohibitory law. George H. Barker, police judge at Holton, county seat of Jackson county, says there were forty-six "drunks" in his court during the entire year of 1907, pnly seventeen in 1908 and eight in 1909. L. J, Mosher, police judge of Hiawatha, county seat of Brown county, makes the remarkable report that he has not had a "drunk" in his court for eighteen months. I have these letters and you can see them. Third I assert that the prohibitory law is now as easily^ enforced as any other law on the statute books. I have letters from twenty-nine of the thirty- eight district judges of the state. These letters are substantially of the same character and fully confirm my statements. I shall take the time to read only a few of them to you. El Dorado, Kan., March 22, 1910. Hon. W. R. Stubbs, Governor of Kansas, Topeka, Kan. Dear Governor : It' is easier in my district to secure a conviction for the violation of the prohibitory law than for violations of the general criminal laws of the state. The people in my judicial district are in full sympathy with the prohibitory law and will not stand for its violation. I hardly ever find a juror who does not believe the law to be a success and who does not approve of it. With kindest regards, I am, Very truly yours, G. P. AIKMAN, Judge I3th Judicial District of Kansas Ottawa, Kan., March 21, 1910. Governor W. R. Stubbs, Topeka, Kan. Dear Governor : Answering your favor of March I9th, touching the ques tion of the prosecution of persons in this judicial district charged with violating the prohibitory law, I have to say, that I believe a person charged with selling intoxicating liquor can be convicted on less evidence in this judicial district than could a person charged with violating other criminal statutes. This may, how- ever, be more apparent than real in that the persons charged with selling intoxi- cating liquor are usually men of low character, whose previous life has been such, and whose general appearance is such, that their testimony is discredited by a jury. A man in this district could no more openly engage in the sale of intoxicating liquor than he could in the business of stealing horses. It may be that some liquor is being sold, but it is confined almost exclusively to the dregs of society, both black and white. If the question of returning to the saloon sys- tem were submitted to the people of this judicial district in my judgment it would be rejected by more than 90 per cent of the votes, and if submitted to the farmers and business men only, it would be defeated almost unanimously. The votes favoring a return to the saloon system would be received, in my judg- ment, exclusively from the very lowest element in our population. Respectfully yours, C A. SMART, Judge 4th Judicial District of Kansas. Paola, Kan., March 20, 1910. Hon. W. R. Stubbs, Topeka, Kan. My Dear Governor: In reply to your inquiry will say that it is not more- difficult to obtain convictions for violations of the prohibitory law than for violations of the general criminal laws of the state. Since my incumbency in office there has not been a single failure to convict in a liquor case. Indeed, conviction appears so certain that a majority of those arrested for violations of the prohibitory law plead guilty without trial. Very truly yours, J. O. RANKIN, Judge loth Judicial District of Kansas. Garden City, Kan., Match 20, 1910. Hon. W. R. Stubbs, Topeka, Kan. My Dear Governor: In answer to your inquiry of the I9th inst, just re- ceived, it is a pleasure to say that convictions are less^ difficult in my district for violations of the prohibitory law than for the violation of any other criminal laws of the state. By a rigid enforcement of the law for many years, the former prejudice of the people against the law has completely changed to an extreme bias in its favor. When a jury is now impaneled to try one charged with the violation of this law, instead of a juror disqualifying, as he formerly did, because of his prejudice against the law, he now often disqualifies on ac- count of his frank admission of the extreme Jbias in its favor ; and frequently care has to be taken on the part of the court in protecting the rights of a de- fendant to prevent a conviction without sufficient evidence to sustain it. A man could no more start a joint in Garden City, or any other southwestern Kansas town, than he could willfully touch a torch to one of our best buildings. No good citizen would stand for it, no matter what his views on the liquor question. The _result is, instead of being what was formerly considered the most law- less section of the state, we have become the most law-abiding people on the face of the earth. This judicial district, consisting of the nine southwestern counties, embraces a territory equal in size to the entire state of Connecticut with little old Rhode Island thrown in, yet in most of the counties there has not been a criminal case on the dockets for over fifteen years, and in some of the counties there has not been a civil difficulty of sufficient importance to justify the calling of a jury for the same length of time. One or two days is sufficient time to transact the entire court business of a regular term in each of the five southwestern counties. The old argument that no one will settle in a prohibi- tion community, is answered by the fact that our population has more than doubled in the last four years, and instead of property decreasing in value, it has enhanced in value from 100 to 1,000 per cent. I know of no one in the poor- house, or in jail, in any of these nine counties; and our people are as healthy, happy and prosperous as can be found anywhere in the world, and may right- fully challenge comparison with any other similar territory with joints or open saloons. If there are any other facts in my possession which you desire, will be glad to furnish them. Very respectfully, WM. H. THOMPSON, Judge 32nd Judicial District. Fourth I assert that crime has decreased in Kansas under the influence of temperance legislation. I will show you by the records of our penitentiary that we had 724 convicts when the prohibitory law was passed, twenty-nine years ago; that notwithstanding a steadily increasing .population the record shows that after two years of prohibition the number decreased to 668; that since that time the population has increased nearly 100 per cent while the number of con- victs has increased only seventeen per cent. And here let me add that we have no capital punishment in Kansas and hence prisoners for murder become permanent occupants of the penitentiary to be carried on the rolls. At the present time more than 50 per cent of our county jails are without a prisoner under conviction. Last year forty-nine of the 105 counties did not send a prisoner to the penitentiary. We have only one convicted prisoner in our county jails for 7,000 inhabitants an almost unbelievable fact in criminal statistics. And the Attorney General estimates 75 per cent of these prisoners are in jail for the violation of the prohibitory law. Of the 860 convicts in our penitentiary only 143 are natives of Kansas. And it is a singular fact that while only 17 per cent of our prisoners are natives I have figures from the citizens at Joliet and Chester, Illinois, which show that 40 per cent of your convicts are natives of Illinois. We have no powerful saloon men in Kansas to use their pull in keeping the criminals they make out of the hands of the law. Fifth I assert that the business of Kansas has made remarkable progress since the banishment of the saloon and adoption of prohibition. The records of the state bank commissioner and the comptroller of the federal treasury which I have with me, show that in ten years deposits in Kansas banks have increased from $69,000,000 to $189.000,000 and during the past ten years under a more rigid enforcement of the law, bank deposits, per capita, have increased from $69 to $113. Since complete prohibition became effective May, 1909, bank deposits have increased $11,000,000. Three years ago open saloons were abolished in Wichita. Since then the weekly clearances have increased from $1,400,000 to $3,200,000 last week. There were 1,800 new houses built in Wichita last year and I was told there the other day that there are now 800 new houses and $5,000,000 in public improvements in process of construction. According to latest estimates its population has in- creased in the past three years from 31,000 to 62,000 inhabitants. The story of the growth and prosperity of Wichita is the story of general business conditions in Kansas. In the chief city of the state, Kansas City> Kansas, the change from a "wet" to a "dry" policy worked wonders in business prosperity, diminution of crime and corresponding social progress. Some years ago Carrie Nation purchased and donated to the Associated Charities a home for drunkards' wives. During that era preceding the closing of the joints in that city this home was full to overflowing. Within about a year after the joints were closed there was not an inmate and it has now been con- verted into a school for girls. But let the Mayor of Kansas City tell his own story. In a telegram to me, in answer to my request, he says : Kansas City, Kan., March 22, 1910. Hon. W. R. Stubbs, Topeka, Kan. The prohibitory law is enforced in Kansas City, Kan., as well as any other criminal statute. In the last three years, since the saloons were closed, 2,464 buildings have been erected in this city, exclusive of the recently acquired terri- tory which would greatly augment that number. Six hundred and twenty-five buildings were erected in 1909. The record for 1910 will exceed that of 1909. In one block on Minnesota avenue, our principal street, there are six business buildings in course of erection at this time. On this street rents have increased in the past three years more than 25 per cent. A leading grocer on Minnesota avenue will vacate his room where the landlord has secured a lease at a 50 per cent raise in rent. When the saloons were closed in 1906 the banks had on deposit approximately ten and one-half million dollars. At the close of 1909 there was on deposit seventeen and one-fourth million dollars, indicating an increase in the three years of six and three-fourth million dollars. In 1906 the city had a population of 77,912; today it has an estimated population of 110,000. The city has been growing so rapidly that the board of education has hardly been able to keep up with the demands for additional school facilities. The assets of the board of education have increased from a valuation of seven hundred and six thousand dollars in 1906, to more than one and one-fourth million dol- lars at the present time. Since the liquor traffic was abolished in 1906 there has been spent four hundred and fifty thousand dollars for school buildings and ad- ditions. One mile of boulevard completed and three miles graded. Play grounds have been established in the last year. Two million dollars have been voted for municipal water works. Two hundred and ninety thousand dollars voted for new city hall, workhouse and three fire stations. One and one-fourth million dollars issued in bond to improve the Kaw river. Labor is employed more constantly than in 1906. It is obvious to all that laboring people instead of patronizing saloons, use their money for the necessities of life, and retail merchants are doing a better cash business. This city has the largest number of home owners of any city of its size in America. The sentiment for law en- forcement is overwhelming No one has the temerity to advocate opening the saloons in this city. All legitimate business has increased since the saloons were closed. At present time there are new homes in course of construction in every part of the city. Crime has materially decreased. The number of murders dur- ing the saloon regime averaged something like fifteen, present about seven or eight annually. All reports indicating depression of business in this city caused by the suppression of the saloon business are false. For the first time in twenty years Kansas City, Kansas, has made no debt for current expenses, and that without any saloon revenue. I confidently assert that no city in America is more prosperous nor is any people more happy and contented than the people of Kansas City, Kansas. U. S. GUYER, Mayor. The story is the same everywhere. The song of prosperity, progress and contentment is universal in Kansas. Here is a statement from the Mayor of Topeka, a city of 50,000 population. Topeka, Kan., March 21, 1910. Hon. W. R. Stubbs, Governor. Dear Sir : The prohibitory laws are rigidly enforced in the capital city, and the result therefrom is very gratifying to all. It has lifted Topeka onto a higher plane, both morally and commercially. It goes without saying that to stop the sale of booze lessens crime, misery, and poverty. That fact is demonstrated very clearly in Topeka ; business is better, retailers especially, are doing a larger and safer business ; the thousands of dollars that formerly went to the till of the jointist, now goes to the grocer, the clothier, and the shoeman. The same blow that killed Mr. Booze in Topeka also killed Mr. Gambling House, Mrs. Disorder- ly House, and all other co-operating cussedness. We have less crime, less court expense, and lower taxes the levy for city purposes is only $6.30 on one thous- and dollars. I venture the assumption that not a saloon town in the country, the size of Topeka, with all their booze blood money, can show as low a levy; and, we live within our means our expenses are less than our income by thous- ands; we have everything that any first class city should have; every depart- ment is efficient, and no niggardly scrimping is observed to save money at the expense of good service. Real estate values are climbing the Golden Stairs, steadily and permanently; every section of the city that was blighted by the presence of Dens of Vice (the blight having been removed), are now respect- able, and much more valuable. Topeka has never witnessed such a building boom, both for homes and for business buildings, and we have fewer vacant houses. With our enforced prohibition, Topeka is a better city to live in, and to do business in. Respecfuly, WILLIAM GREEN, Mayor of Topeka. Sixth Prohibition has worked wonders in the private credit of the state. Grocers and butchers tell me that men who were "dead-beats" under the drain of the saloons have become debtors of reliability and standing, and bad accounts are a rarity. Garnishment cases have practically disappeared from the courts. A striking instance of this fact is the experience of Kansas City, Kansas, where previous to the rigid enforcement of the prohibitory law there was a garnishment court running from morning 'till night levying upon the wages of the laboring men of that city. Within ninety days after the abolishment of the saloon this court went out of business and there never has been any need for it since. Seventh I assert that the charge of higher public expenses, on account of prohibition is particularly untrue. A bulletin issued by the census department makes a really wonderful revelation in favor of prohibition. It shows that the general and special service expenses in Wichita are $8.21 per capita, in Spring- field, Illinois, $11.88 and in Chicago $15.66. The same bulletin shows the cost of the police department at Wichita to be 58 cents per capita, at Springfield $1.26 and at Chicago $2.64. From another authoritative source I get it that the cost of the police and militia establishment in Kansas is only $402,000 annually while it is $4,700,000 in Illinois twelve times heavier with only about four times as much population. Eighth During the last decade the taxable property of the state has increas- ed $120,000,000 annually, aggregating an increase of $1,200,000,000 in ten years. Ten years ago our property was taxed on a 25 per cent basis amounting to $327,144,000, which indicated a total valuation of all taxable property to be $1,308,576.000. The total taxable property this year at from 75 to 90 per cent valuation amounts to $2,511,000,000. Kansas today stands second among the states of the Union in property per capita. The census will show that it stands first in home owning citizens. Ninth The brewers are wasting their time and their money too in speeches and documents trying to arouse public sentiment with reference to pauperism in Kansas. Fifty-seven of the 105 counties of the state have no in- mates at their poor farms. Cook county alone, with all its palatial saloons and vibrating breweries, has a little over five times more paupers than we have in the entire state of Kansas'. The good state of Illinois has just 100 per cent more papuers than Kansas, according to populafion. And I venture to say that Illinois would have still more were it not for the temperance progress she has made dur- ing the past few years. I have heard a great many mean things said against pro- hibition but I have never before heard the charge that it causes pauperism. Tenth I assert that Kansas is more free from mental and nervous diseases than any other state in the Union and that authenticated scientific facts will prove that our temperance policy for thirty years is largely responsible for this condition. Kansas has fifty-four counties without an idiot. It has eighty-seven counties without an insane inmate. Cook county alone sends more of her peo- ple to insane hospitals at Dunning than Kansas has in all her charitable institutions of every sort, including blind, deaf, the dumb, insane, inebriates, feeble-minded, incorrigibles and orphans. With twenty per cent of the population of New York, Kansas has less than 10 per cent of its insanity. The brewers go so far as to say that temperance increases divorces in Kansas although we have made it plain to them several times that the first few years of prohibition in Kansas showed a 45 per cent decrease in divorce cases. Their logic seems to be that a man must get drunk and beat his wife in order to intensify her love for him. Ninety-six counties in the state have not a single inebriate. Six of the nine counties furnishing inebriates last year were, strikingly enough, counties bordering on the "wet" section of Missouri. Eleventh I assert that prohibition is the best friend of education and that wherever temperance is observed the school shows its highest and best devel- opment. We have in our permanent school fund the sum of $10,000,000 draw- ing interest. With this we buy the municipal bonds of our own state, deeming them the best security. The annual interest on these bonds is enough to pay the present entire state debt. We have recently established normal courses in 100 of the 105 counties. During the last nine years the enrollment of the State University has risen from 1,150 to 2,063; the normal from 1,630 to 2,860, and the Agricultural College from 870 to 2,192. Besides that, 9,000 young men and wo- men are attending denominational institutions and 4,548 attending business colleges. In all, 21,000 young men and women are attending colleges within the state. The value of public school property has advanced from $10,000,000 to $16,000,000. As a part of our educational system we have nearly 700 news- papers and magazines and I am told that 98 per cent of them will not publish the advertisements of a brewery or a liquor house. During the first twenty years of prohibition illiteracy was reduced 49 per cent. It is more than 40 per cent lower than Illinois and the next census reports will give the state first place in educa- tion. The youth of Kansas has his eye fixed far above the horizon of the saloon. Twelfth I assert that the death rate in Kansas is lower than that of any other state or nation on earth and that our condition in this respect is due largely to our temperance policy. The annual death rate in the state is only seven and one-half to every 1,000 inhabitants. This is so low that the government of the United States still refuses to believe in its accuracy, although it has been thor- oughly investigated and reverified. I have a letter from the secretary of our Board of Health which will show you how prohibition is prolonging life and building up vigorous health conditions in Kansas. It will show you that with every advance made in temperance original cases of tuberculosis decrease ma- terially. Dr. Crumbine tells me that ten years of our present temperance conditions and careful enforcement of sanitary regulations will eliminate entirely native cases of consumption. I have probably 200 letters, telegrams and statements from official sources in Kansas dealing with this subject, but it is obvious I cannot read them all to you. I have, however, prepared copies of these letters and statements for the newspa- pers and persons interested, so that the facts can be fully verified by statistics or by personal investigation of the conditions as they exist in our state. These simply increase the preponderate mass of evidence that prohibitory liquor legislation is safe and sane. Supported by this evidence I challenge de- fenders of the saloon to show twenty-five cities in any commonwealth of the Union where the per cent of home owners is greater and the per cent of renters smaller, where commercial and financial business is more prosperous, where resi- dence and business property alike are in better demand, where real estate values have increased more rapidly, where greater progress has been made in public improvements, where men, women and children are better educated, better man- nered, better clothed and better fed than in the twenty-five largest cities in Kan- sas. If they cannot do this their arguments in defense of the saloon from an economic standpoint must forever be discredited in the minds of thinking men. Their house is builded upon the sand. Before leaving home I received some letters from prominent men who have seen the operation of the prohibitory law since its inception. As some of them have a national reputation as supports and advocates of the highest standards in progressive, Christian government I will read them to you. Chief Justice W. A. Johnston of our Supreme Court says : Topeka, Kan., March 24, 1910. Hon. W. R. Stubbs, Topeka, Kan. Dear Governor: In response to your inquiry I will say that judging from the litigation before our court the prohibitory law was enforced at first with some difficulty. Public opinion and greater experience, however, appears to have overcome that difficulty and the law, although transgressed occasionally, is now effectually enforced and with no more opposition or difficulty than other laws prohibiting and punishing ordinary offenses. The closing of the saloons and joints has had an excellent effect upon the morals and material interests of the people of the state. Among the consequences of prohibition are better homes, happier families, higher standards of intelligence and education, and of course, a great reduction in crime. No statement or proof is needed to support the claim that these results follow the closing of saloons and the effective enforce- ment of the prohibitory _law. They are the natural and inevitable results and these have been realized in Kansas. Yours very truly, W. A. JOHNSTON, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Kansas. 10 Rev. Charles M. Sheldon of Topeka, author of that remarkable book, "In His Steps," says: Topeka, Kan., March 17, 1910. Governor W. R. Stubbs, Topeka, Kan. My Dear Friend : I have no statistics on the prohibition question which are as strong and recent as those you have already, but here is an incident which you may use to point the fact of Topeka' s condition under the law. Last year a man came to Topeka all the way from London to escape tempta- tion because he had heard of prohibition Kansas. After living here six months he told me he had never been in a city of this size where liquor was so hard to get, and where the general surroundings were so favorable from a social point of view to help him overcome the habit of drink. This man was a world traveler and had used every known remedy to cure himself of dipsomania. I think, myself, that this item comes under the head of "vital statistics." It is one of the sort that does not "He." ' Very truly yours, CHARLES M. SHELDON, Of the Central Church, Topeka. The brilliant William Allen White, author of "A Certain Rich Man," says : Emporia, Kan., October 22, 1909. My Dear Sir: I have your very kind letter of the first asking me something about prohibition in Kansas. I have grown from childhood to the age of forty- two years in Kansas an 4 I probably am greatly prejudiced in its favor. As a young man from the time I was sixteen years old until I was twenty-two, I never saw an open saloon. I know of thousands of children in the state who never saw a saloon. The law was adopted in 1881 and has been enforced ever since. Of course, it is enforced better now than it ever was before because a generation has grown up under the law that knows nothing else. The state never was as clean as it is today. The liquor law is enforced as well as the law against horse stealing, which does not mean that there are not more or less thieves in the jails for horse stealing and that there are not more or less men in the jails for selling liquor. These laws are violated and will be violated until the end of time. If there were no violations of the law, the law would not be needed. It happens just now that during the month of August our jails are empty. There is not an able bodied man or woman in the poor house. We have never had any trouble at all to keep our town and county and state going. The town of Emporia is being paved from one end to the other with brick and asphalt without a dollar's worth of liquor money in it. The revenues of Kansas for nearly thirty years have been raised without liquor licenses and we have built the best sys- tem of schools in the world. Taxes are low because the average working man owns his own home and thus the taxes are spread out upon thousands of work- ing people who are thrifty, honest and hard working rather than upon hundreds of landlords who are taxed to maintain the criminal costs in the courts. The average district court criminal docket of Lyon county is five or six cases. And it costs no more to enforce the prohibitory law than it does any other law on the statute books. The taxes last year were as follows : County tax 3.5 mills City tax 6.48 mills School tax 5. mills 14.98 mills There were 100 cases in city police court from January I to September i. Of these seventeen were for drunkenness and two for bootlegging. The rest were for crap shooting, violating gas fitters' ordinance, nineteen were for throwing manure in alleys and other minor charges. I trust that I have answered your questions and if there is anything further, that I can say, kindly let me know. Truly and sincerely yours, W. A. WHITE. Chancellor Strong, of the State University, telegraphed as follows: Lawrence, Kan., March 25, 1910. Hon. W. R. Stubbs, Governor State of Kansas, Topeka, Kan., My experience as head of the University of Kansas and extensive travels over the state make me confident that beyond any question whatever the pro- hibitory law is well enforced in the state of Kansas. That it greatly simplifies the disciplinary difficulties in education, distinctly raises the educational standard of the communities and of the higher schools, and increases the number who find it possible to achieve higher education. That II it increases to a remarkable degree the efficiency of the state as a whole in wealth production. That it is a tremendous factor in the reduction of crime, drunken- ness and poverty and that the general effect upon the well-being of the state in every respect is incalculable. FRANK STRONG, Chancellor. Hon. F. D. Coburn, secretary of the State Board of Agriculture, says : "Prohibition was never before so popular in Kansas as now, after a thirty years' trial. Its effects upon all phases of society's welfare have been helpfully wholesome, and the aforetime noisy threats of resubmission are no longer heard, even in whispers. "Prohibition is in the very air; its invincible hosts, on the way, are being augmented by reinforcements at every cross roads. Ably led, the forces of re- bellion made a long and stubborn resistance to our National authority, but their banners trailed in defeat at Appomattox before the blue-coated legions of Grant. The forces behind the saloons are in rebellion against society and morality, and are facing their Appomattox, for which Chicago may be but another name." But putting aside all argument concerning the financial, material and econ- omic side of this question, there yet remains the moral and religious side of the problem which I conceded at the outset of my remarks to be the strongest and most weighty argument in favor of prohibition. If George Washington was right in assuming that the foundation of our Republic is based on the morality and religious principles of our citizenship, then the suppression of the liquor traffic becomes at once the gravest and most serious problem of our nation. The following quotation from the Father of his country ought to be read and re-read by every man, woman and child in America: "Of all the dispositions and habits which lead to political prosperity, re- ligion and moralitty are indispensible supports. In vain would that man claim the tribute of patriotism who should labor to subvert these great pillars of human happiness, these firmest props of the duties of men and citizens. Let it simply be asked where is the security for property, for reputation, for life, if the sense of religious obligation desert the oaths which are the instruments of in- vestigation in courts of justice; and let us with caution indulge the supposition that morality can be maintained without religion. Reason and experience both forbid us to expect that national morality can prevail in exclusion of religious principles." No American statesman of good character and national reputation will dare predict that this nation or any free government can long endure after the spirit of morality and religion ceases to be the controlling influence in our national life, and no man of reputation and character can successfully dispute the fact that the saloon and its accessories the gambling house, the house of ill-fame and the professional criminal are the most destructive enemies of morality and religion. "Righteousness exalteth a nation, but sin is a reproach to any people," was a favorite quotation of the greatest president that has served a term in the White House since the days of Lincoln and no respectable citizen will deny the sin, shame and disgrace of the liquor traffic; neither will any man dare to deny that it is the most demoralizing, degrading, debauching influence in our social life. President Lincoln is quoted as saying on April 14, 1865, the morning before his assassination: "After reconstruction the next greatest question will be the overthrow of the liguor traffic." , And at Springfield in 1853 : "The most effectual remedy would be the passage of a law altogether abolish- ing the liquor traffic. There must be no more attempts to regulate the cancer, it must be eradicated." In summing up this question each one for himself must determine whether he is in favor of protecting the home life, the children, the moral and religious sentiment of the community and support the policies advocated by Washington, Lincoln and Roosevelt which form the only safe and sure foundation of our republic, or, whether he will ally himself with the men engaged in a business that, like a great cencer, is eating into the vitals of our nation corrupting city councils^ bribing legislatures and congress, benumbing the moral sense of men, debauching the purity of women, robbing hundreds of thousands of children of their God-given right to be reared under conditions that are calculated to pro- duce good men and women, of healthy, wholesome, moral character and physi- cal strength; and causing many times over as much sin and shame and crime as all other evils in pur land. The war is here; the battle is on; you cannot escape taking sides; it is impossible to support the church, the Sabbath school, 12 the home and the best moral and religious sentiment of your community and at the same time vote for saloons, gambling dens and houses of prostitution. This struggle is not confined to Chicago, it is world-wide. Will you stand for your country and the institutions that make it the greatest government the world has ever known, or will you stand with the brewer, the distiller and the saloonkeeper and their vile and disreputable alHes, the gambling house and the infamous dens of shame, which are the haunts of the assassin, the burglar and the professional criminal generally. Does the patriotism of Washington, Lincoln and Roosevelt appeal to you, or will you accept the cunningly devised, misleading, statements of the saloon forces which are intended to appeal to your prejudices, your selfishness and the worst passions in the human heart? TESTIMONY OF KANSAS POLICE JUDGES. On March 19, 1910, Governor Stubbs Wrote as Follows to Police Judges in Various Parts of the State STATE OF KANSAS. W. R. STUBBS, Governor. Topeka, March 10, 1910. Police Judge, Independence, Kan. Dear Sir: Will you kindly inform me by return mail if convictions are more difficult in your court for violations of the prohibitory law than for vio- lations of the general criminal laws of the state? Thanking you in advance for this information, I am, Yours very respectfully, W. R. STUBBS. KANSAS CITY. The governor's letter brought the following responses : Kansas City, Kansas, March 20, 1910. W. R. Stubbs, Governor of Kansas, Topeka, Kan. Dear Governor: Your favor of the I9tfo inst. as to convictions in the po- lice court, requesting an answer by return mail, came by special delivery to my residence at nine o'clock a. m. today. I am now at my office writing this letter at 9 130 o'clock a. m. No, convictions for violations of the prohibitory liquor laws of Kansas are not more difficult in the police court than convictions for the violation of any other criminal ordinance. The nature of the offense makes no difference. All that I as judge of that court require is that the offense be proven as required by criminal procedure. Yours very respectfully, JOHN F. SIMS, Police Judge. HOLTON. Holton, Kan., March 21, 1910. Hon. W. R. Stubbs, Governor. Dear Sir : Your favor of the ipth inst. directed to "Police Judge" is referred to me to answer. Convictions are on more difficult in our court for violation of the prohibitory law than for the violations of the general criminal laws of the state. I think you might wish to know something of the workings of this law. The police record of our city shows the. following : 1907 Arrests for drunkenness, 46; arrests for selling, 3; two convicted. 1908 Arrests for drunkenness, 17; arrests for selling, 3; convicted 3. 1909 Arrests for drunkenness, 8; arrests for selling none. Very respectfully, GEO. H. BARKER, Justice of Peace. Acting Police Judge of the City of Holton, Kan. FORT SCOTT. Fort Scott, Kan., March 21, 1910. Governor W. R. Stubbs, Topeka, Kan. Dear Sir : Your letter of the igth inst. receive^. In reply will say we have no more trouble in whiskey cases than in other violations of any of the crim- inal laws of the state of Kansas. We have a population of nearly 20,000 people. We used to have eighteen saloons in our city, not one now in the city or county. The beneficent influence of having done away with saloons is so apparent 13 and satisfactory if the question were submitted to a vote of our people there could not be found 200 people voting for the return of the saloons. Yours truly, J. D. HILL, Police Judge. CONCORDIA. Concordia, Kan., March 20, 1910. Hon. W. R. Stubbs, Governor. Dear Sir: In answer to your inquiry, I will say that convictions in this police court for violations of the prohibitory law, have not been any more diffi- cult than for offenses against the general criminal laws of the state. Of course, you understand we do not try state cases in our police court, but we have had a good many liquor cases for violating the city ordinance and in conducting the defense it has always been with the intention of appealing to the district court in case of conviction, defendant never introducing any testimony. Our experience is that by trying liquor cases in the police court it has proven to be a quick way to get them into the district court. Yours truly,. J. D. SEXSMITH, Police Judge. ATCHISON. Alchison, Kan., March 20, 1910. Governor W. R. Stubbs, Topeka, Kan. Dear Governor : In reply to your letter relative to convictions of violators of the prohibitory law in the police court of this city, will say that in most cases the chief of police, after collecting evidence against alleged violators, turns the same over to the county attorney. Several bootleggers have been convicted in the police court, but in the majority of liquor prosecutions I believe that the best and most effective results can be secured through the district court. The cases tried before my court resulted in convictions without the least trouble, be- cause the police had conclusive evidence before warrants were issued. In reply to your question as to whether it has been more difficult to convict violators of the prohibitory law than for violations of the general criminal laws, will say that convictions of bootleggers are as easily secured as in any other crime. Atch- ison, at this time, is the dryest ever. I think that Mayor Allaman's reply to your message one day this week covered the ground in good shape. No one felt disposed to take exceptions to the mayor's reply, at least, and some of his answers to your queries were appalling to many who had never studied the sit- uation from the viewpoint of "Before and after taking." Now, dear governor, please don't ask us any more questions about the en- forcement of the prohibitory law, because we're all good and happy. I hope that my letter furnishes the information you desire. I beg to remain, FOREST WARREN, Police Judge. SALINA. Salina, Kan., March 21, 1910. W. R. Stubbs, Governor, Topeka, Kan. Dear Sir: Referring to your letter. of the I9th inst., will say: That so far as my court is concerne'd, convictions under the prohibitory law are no more difficult than under other criminal laws. At one time it was more difficult to get evidence is such cases, but in a case before the court, last fall, a witness clearly committed perjury, which was made apparent by the testimony of other witnesses in the case, I, myself drew a com- plaint against him for perjury, the city marshal swore to it, our very efficient county attorney prosecuted the case and in about two months the defendant was landed in the penitentiary, since which time witnesses in that class of cases, so far as I know, tell the truth. The greatest drawback in the strict enforcement is the delay following the appeals to the district court, a number of which were allowed to pass over the last term and have not been tried during the present term of court, which has been adjourned to May 23 next, and until a new judge goes into office. With the future enforcement of the law in this country, a great responsibil- ity will rest upon you, f give us a district judge who believes in official integrity, whether he be a prohibitionist or anti-prohibitionist, Republican or Democrat, who will not be controlled by the attorneys who defend in that class of cases, U but will support the legitimate action of the city government, and the boot- leggers will be driven to the brush. Public sentiment in favor of the enforcement of that law is stronger in this county today than at any time since the law was passed and the law is more strictly enforced than it ever has been before. I am, Very truly yours, D. R. WAGSTAFF, Police Judge. NEWTON. Newton, Kan., March 20, 1910. Hon. W. R. Stubbs, Topeka, Kan. Dear Sir: The ordinances of this city do not give me any jurisdiction in cases of violation of the prohibitory law. All such cases coming to the knowl- edge of the city police are immediately referred to the county attorney, W. H. Vender Heiden. Very respectfully yours, H. C. GLENDENING, Police Judge. JUNCTION CITY. Junction City, Kan., March 21, 1910. W. R. Stubbs, Governor, Topeka, Kan. Dear Sir: Your favor of March 19 at hand and noted. In reply will say that convictions for the violation of the prohibitory law are no more difficult than for the violations of the general criminal laws of the state in this court. I am, sir, Yours very respectfully, J. I. KERR, Police Judge. WICHITA. Wichita, Kan., March 21, 1910. Hon. W. R. Stubbs, Topeka, Kansas. Dear Sir: In reply to your letter of March 19, as to convictions in my court for violations of the prohibitory law as compared to convictions for viola- tions of other criminal ordiances, I will say that in a general way convictions for that class of offenses are no more difficult than convictions are in other cases. Since I have been police judge, that is, since April 13, 1909, I have been convicting parties charged with selling intoxicating liquors upon the absolute testimony of the party who purchased the liquor, and upon production of the liquor purchased. In practically all the cases for maintaining a nuisance we have had a supply of liquor seized on the premises. From April 13, 1909, to December 31, 1909, no persons were convicted in my court either of selling in- toxicating liquors or maintaining a nuisance. Out of these twenty-two were prosecuted and convicted upon the evidence furnished by the State Temperance Union and its agents. Prior to December, when these prosecutions were insti- tuted under the auspices of the Temperance Union people my sentences were invariably $500 and six months in jail. Many of the defendants were compelled to, and did serve long jail sentences, whije quite a number were paroled upon the payment of $200 in money and the signing of a parole blank by which they agreed to stay out of the liquor business for one year, and for the violation of which condition they were to be recommitted to jail. I found it necessary to recommit some seven or eight parties. In all since April 13, 1909, I think there have been less than ten acquittals; and these for the reason that the evidence furnished was insufficient. In most of these prosecutions the police officers and the State Temperance Union people were very careful to get absolute proof be- fore an arrest was made, and I think that the large number of convictions was due to that fact. We collected something over $5,000 from fines and forfeitures from violators of the liquor ordinances up to December 31. Twenty-one of the cases brought by the State Temperance Union people were appealed to the district court of Sedgwick county, where the ordinance was declared invalid and the defendants discharged. However, they were im- mediately rearrested upon state warrants. The city commissioners passed a new liquor ordinance in January of this year, but we have had no prosecutions under it. If there is anything upon which you desire information that I have not covered in this letter, I shall be glad to furnish it to you. Very truly yours, JESSE D. WALL, Police Judge. IS DODGE CITY. Dodge City, Kan., March 21, 1910. W. R. Stubbs, Governor, Topeka, Kan. Dear Sir: Have your communication of recent date addressed to the police judge of Dodge City. If affords me pleasure to inform you that during my term in this office of five years, have in no case found that there was any greater difficulty in con- victions under the prohibitory law than under other criminal laws. Have found in one or two cases that persons holding government license have been led to believe that they were immune from prosecution under state laws because they held the same ; this impression was no doubt caused by inter- nal revenue officers visiting them during their incarceration and prevailing upon them to take out the license or become entangled with the federal government; persons tinder the circumstances were only too glad to secure the license, think- ing that if they had the federal government's permission to sell, the state gov- ernment could not prohibit them from making the sales. Yours truly, RICHARD W. EVANS, Jr., Police Judge Dodge City, Kan. MANHATTAN. Manhattan, Kan., March 21, 1910. Ron. W. R. Stubbs, Governor, Topeka, Kan. * Dear Sir : in reply to yours of March 19, 1910, will say that so far I have had no trouble to convict cases for violation of the prohibitory law. Manhattan is comparatively free from such violators of this law. Yours respectfully, THOS. HUNTER, Police Judge. COLUMBUS. Columbus, Kan., March 21, 1910. Governor W. R. Stubbs, Topeka, Kansas. Dear Sir: Replying to your favor of the I9th inst., inquiring "If convic- tions are more difficult in your court for violations of the prohibitory law than for violations of the general criminal laws of the state?" will say NO. Yours very respectfully, B. B. ALFRED, Police Judge. HUTCHINSON. Hutchinson, Kan., March 21, 1910. W. R. Stubbs, Governor, Topeka, Kan. Dear Sir: In answer to yours of the I9th day of March, 1910: In my court I do not have general, but limited, jurisdiction, as provided by ordinance. Under the prohibitory law it is more difficult to get witnesses to testify against a bootlegger than in any other case. Cause : Witnesses who buy are fearful that it they testify their supply will be cut off; hence, they, as a rule, are know- nothings. Bootleggers are all that we have, and but few of them. Yours truly, R. A. CAMPBELL, Police Judge. LEAVENWORTH. Hon. W. R. Stubbs, Governor State of Kansas, Topeka, Kan. Dear Sir: In your letter of March I9th, just received, you ask the fol- lowing question: "Will you kindly inform me, by return mail, if convictions are more difficult in your court for violations of the prohibitory law than for violations of the general criminal laws of the state?" To this question I would answer "Yes," and the reason is this: It is very rare that any one outside of the police will consent to give evidence, in court, against a person charged with maintaining a nuisance under Ordinance 2800 of this city, being commonly called the prohibitory liquor ordinance. To illustrate, sometime ago a man by the name of John Foley was arrested for maintaining a nuisance at No. 700 Cherokee street. Before the case was tried the matter was investigated and the names of a number of outside wit- nesses were given the city attorney. These persons were subpoenaed. It was a well-known fact that these witnesses were men whom the police termed as "hangers-on" at Foley's place. Deeming it advisable our city attorney asked, before the trial began, that these witnesses be excluded from the court room 16 during the taking of testimony. I made an order to that effect. The witnesses were sent from the court room and to a place where they could not hear what the witness on the stand was testifying to. In spite of the very rigid examina- tion by the city attorney none of them would testify that they had bought liquor from Foley or any one in his employ. One of the witnesses, after being thor- oughly sweated by the attorney, admitted that he had bought some two per cent from Foley. In addition to this a revenue stamp was offered, showing that a man by the name of "Munroe Bishop" had taken out a stamp for that place. Munroe Bishop was not within the jurisdiction of the court at the time of trial and could not be subpoenaed, but the evidence developed the fact that he was boarding with a man named Ehart at the time Ehart was running the hotel. Ehart sold out to Foley, and the record in the revenue office failed to disclose any stamp in the name of Foley thus, it was evident that Foley was doing business under the stamp (if he was doing business at all.) When the officers searched the place Foley had a bottle of whiskey on his person, if my memory serves me correctly. Thus no license was introduced showing that Foley had obtained it. The two per cent was not shown to have been intoxicating liquor. No one testified to having bought beer or whiskey. Yet I convicted the defendant and fined him $200 and sentenced him to serve sixty days in the county jail. He appealed his case to the district court, where he will get a trial by jury. The question naturally arises will a jury convict him on such testimony? If not, the costs of the trial will be assessed against the city. The police seem to do everything possible to get the evidence of disinter- ested witnesses who will testify to having bought liquor, but their efforts are seldom, if ever, rewarded. In other criminal cases such as assault and battery, disturbing the peace and the like usually the one assaulted, files and swears to the complaint and furnishes his witnesses. The same pertains to disturbing the peace. If th' interested parties don't proceed the police make the arrest, being eye-witnesse^ themselves, and thus there is no difficulty in such cases as bit reared to. The men engaged in the liquor traffic are discreet they wil? have a "watch-out" for the police and resort to other means to conce?' hibitory liquor law are first class, far better than they have been for years and years. Any information I can give you further, will be gladly given. Yours truly, C. A. McNEILL. JUDGE PRATT. Atwood, Kan., March 21, 1910. Hon. W. R. Stubbs, State House, Topeka, Kan. Dear Governor: Replying to your favor of the I9th inst., will say that in the trials of cases for the violation of the prohibitory law in this district where the evidence is sufficient, there has been no difficulty in securing convictions. In some of the cases quite a number of the jurymen were foreign born, and because of this fears were entertained by the prosecuting attorney that the jury would hang, yet convictions were secured the same as in other cases where no foreigners were on the jury. In short, convictions occur in this class of cases as easily as in other criminal actions. I see no difference. In this district the prohibitory law is well respected and very few violations occur, and these are committed secretly and in out-of-the-way places. Since the people have experienced and enjoyed the benefits and improvements in society, brought about by reason of enforcement of the law, it has caused a wonderful change in sentiment in favor of the law. It is safe to say that at least 85 per cent are in favor of the law and its enforcement. I am, yours truly, W. H. PRATT, Judge Seventeenth Judicial District. JUDGE FISHER. Kansas City, Kan., March 21, 1910. Dear Governor : I haven't tried any, but past experiences in this county would indicate that they are. Respectfully, E. D. FISHER. JUDGE KING. Marvin, Kan., March 21, 1910. Dear Governor: In reply to the above question will say it is not. The sentiment is so general in support of the prohibitory law and its enforcement, that there is no distinction or difference between it and other criminal laws in securing convictions for its violation. Yours truly, R. L. KING. FROM THE MAYORS OF VARIOUS CITIES. The Following Telegram Was Sent on March 16 to the Mayors of the Larger Cities. "Wire me tonight, collect, if prohibitory laws are enforced strictly in your city. If so what is the effect on population, business, bank deposits, property 24 values, rents, crime and drunkenness? What proportion of your people favor the enforcement of the prohibitory law? Answer fully, "W. R. STUBBS, Governor." The responses are as follows: MAYOR MARTIN. Hutchinson, Kan., March 21, 1910. Governor W. R. Stubbs, Topeka, Kan. Prohibitory laws are rigidly enforced. Majority in favor so overwhelming, no opposition. Gratifying increase in population, business and all property values. Splendid spirit of good feeling among all classes and extensive public improve- ments being made. This city is practically free from the criminal element, drunkenness and crime. Bank deposits heaviest in city's history. All lines of business prosperous and the laboring people employed. F. L. MARTIN, Mayor. MAYOR BLAKE. Columbus, Kan., March 21, 1910. Hon. W. R. Stubbs, Governor of Kansas, Topeka, Kan. This is a strictly prohibition little city. Has been for the last twenty years. Our city is prosperous as the volume of business done will show. We would not have saloons or intoxicants sold here even if every city in Kansas permitted it. Even men who drink, that live here, would not vote saloons in our city. Our taxes are as reasonable as one desires. G. R. BLAKE. MAYOR ALLAMAN. Atchison, Kan., March 17, 1910. W. R. Stubbs, Governor, Topeka, Kan. Prohibitory law strictly enforced, thirty-eight saloons of two years ago gone. All buildings filled at higher rents. Population increasing. Property values higher. City employes' salaries increased 12 per cent. Bank deposits in two years increased 39 per cent, robberies and other crimes decreased 75 per cent, drunks arrested decreased 50 per cent. More public improvements and private buildings contracted for this year than any year under saloons. Merchants trust hundreds of laborers that they would not under saloons. More money goes for food, not booze. Seventy-five per cent or more are favorable to "dry" town; city treasury in good condition. DR. G. W. ALLAMAN, Mayor. MAYOR BISHOP. Lawrence, Kan., March 18, 1910. W. R. Stubbs, Governor, Topeka, Kan. In answer to your message I would say : The prohibitory law is strictly en- forced in Lawrence. Police department instructed to enforce law without fear of punishment or hope of reward. This department followed my instructions. Population rapidly increasing. This census will show Lawrence to be a city of first-class. Business never better. It is a hard matter to find an idle man in this city. Laborers are prosperous, their children go to school, well dressed, and their wives are happy. During the past year property all over the city has in- creased in value 25 per cent. Rents are good. With scarcely an empty house, either residence or business in the entire city. The criminal docket is 50 per cent less than formerly and you hardly ever see a drunken man on the street. Ninety-five per cent favor the strict enforcement of the prohibitory law in this city. In conclusion would say that Lawrence was never in any more prosperous condition than she is today. Her people are happy and industrious, her financial condition is good. Public improvement is going on at a tremendous pace and her improvement bonds are now selling at home and abroad at i^ per cent premium. S. D. BISHOP, Mayor. MAYOR DAVIDSON Wichita, Kan., March 16, 1910. W. R. Stubbs, Topeka, Kan. Prohibitory laws are strictly enforced in Wichita. Liquor sold only by bootleggers and under federal protection. Business was never better than under present system. Bank deposits have increased. Population has increased 25 per cent in the last year. Wichita has the smallest per capita police force of 25 any city in the United States, showing a large decrease in crime. Rents have advanced and as a result there is no demand or sentiment for old conditions. C L. DAVIDSON, Mayor. MAYOR ABERNATHY. Leavenworth, Kan., March 16, 1910. W. R. Stubbs, Governor, Topeka, Kan. Prohibitory law is more rigidly enforced in Leavenworth now than ever before in its history. Some bootlegging and pocket traffic is carried on, but gradually being driven out. Crime is much reduced, although drunkenness has not greatly decreased due to our proximity to Kansas City where the soldiers go for liquor. Leavenworth's population has increased according to census re- ports over three thousand in past two years. And records show that real estate values are considerably enhanced, and past two years transfers have been best in city's history. ^ From officers of the various banks, I learn that deposits from business and individuals have increased over half million during past eighteen months. The increase is especially noted in the savings department, indicating that the laboring man is saving his money instead of spending it for drink. The merchants here, almost without exception, report the best two years of business ever experienced. The efforts of enforcement of prohibitory law here have been very beneficial to this city and the movement is growing in favor rapidly. I will venture to say that fully 75 per cent of population favor its enforcement. OMAR ABERNATHY, Mayor. MAYOR HOYT. Pittsburg, Kan., March 16, 1910. Governor W. R. Stubbs, Topeka, Kan. Prohibitory law well enforced. Business good. Bank deposits higher than ever before in history of the city. Crime and drunkenness decreased. Property values and rents little lower than before the panic. Good safe majority of our population in favor of law enforcement. .E. B. HOYT, Mayor. MAYOR SLATER. Governor W. R. Stubbs, Topeka, Kan. Ottawa, Kan., March 22, 1910. I have your wire asking for information in regard to the enforcement of the prohibitory laws in our city. We certainly are much pleased with the condi- tions as they exist at the present time. Upwards of 85 per cent of our entire population are strictly in favor of enforcing the laws. It is a great benefit to the city from every standpoint. I talked with some of our business men today who were very much opposed to the prohibitory laws at the time they were first proposed in Kansas. They tell me they would not under any circumstances be willing to go back to saloons. We have a fine city and are proud of the same. We have a new industry here, the Batelle car works, and men are coming here to seek employment and a great many of them are men that have been in cities where they have seen open saloons and are coming here for the reason that there are not saloons and it is making them better citizens. They are saving money and some are buying homes on the installment plan who never before tried to save money. Our business houses are occupied and are at a premium, rents have advanced, 150 new homes are being built this year and every line of business is prosperous. Crime has constantly decreased since the enforcement of the pro- hibitory laws and in fact a great deal of the time we practically have no use for jails. City improvements are in progress and we are going to put down three miles of paving this year and build a new city hall. All manner of public im- provements are under progress. In conclusion will say we have one of the best, cleanest and most up-to-date cities in Kansas, and would invite and solicit your inspection of the same. If you want a good place to live, if you want a good city either for business or residence, come to Ottawa. A. H. SLATER, Mayor. MAYOR ROBERTS. Garden City, Kan., March 22, 1910. Hon. W. R. Stubbs, Governor of Kansas, Topeka, Kan. Replying to yours of the igth relative to the liquor business in our city will say that there is not a saloon or joint in the city and has not been for twenty- five years. That there is not a business house vacant in the town and we are 26 compelled to build. Real estate is higher than ever before and our streets are well lighted. Little or no drunkenness on our streets and our taxes are not burdensome. Our city never collected one dollar of taxes from a saloon or joint-keeper during all its history. ZEPH ROBERTS, Acting Mayor. MAYOR ABBOTT. Chanute, Kan., March 22, 1910. W. R. Stubbs, Topeka, Kan. The prohibitory law is weH enforced in this city. Our business in all lines is prosperous. To see a drunken man on our streets is rare. Our city has invested about $100,000 each year for several years past in paving streets, building sewers, extending our water works system. Our factories are behind in their orders for our products. No empty business houses. Our people are busy, sober and enterprising. Nobody desires open saloons, they are discredited relics of a by-gone age. Respectfully, F. M. ABBOTT, Mayor. 'MAYOR MUENZENMAYER. Junction City, Kan., March 22, 1910. W. R. Stubbs, Topeka, Kan. Prohibitory law is being enforced without marked increase in taxes. Busi- ness is better, real estate higher, more improvements made, the city in better shape financially, less poor to be taken care of, criminal court business nearly wiped out. No murder in three years. Formerly common affair, we are on a higher plane. W. F. MUENZENMAYER, Mayor. MAYOR KENNETT. Concordia, Kan., "March 22, 1910. Hon. W. R. Stubbs, Governor, Topeka, Kan. Prohibition has increased business. It has almost entirely eliminated drunk- enness and greatly reduced crime. Not one-tenth being sold that was under non-enforcement. Liquor now carried in valises formerly came by car loads, taxation no greater; business houses all occupied and greatest cause of turmoil and quarrels removed. HOMER KENNETT, Mayor. MAYOR WALLACE. Winfield, Kan., March 22, 1910. Hon. Gov. W. R. Stubbs, Topeka, Kan. In reply to your telegram will state that I believe that there is less liquor sold in Winfield than there has been at any time in my knowledge of the town, which has been about thirty-two years. We have an occasional bootlegger that will sell bottles of liquor from his pocket, but the first man that gets drunk gives him away and causes his arrest. In that way we eliminate the bootlegger. Joints are things of past in our city. As to vacant property we have none, on other hand we have erected about seventy-five residences each year for past two years. Property values have increased at least one-third and rentals at least one- fourth. Bank deposits past two years have increased thirty-three and one-third per cent. Laboring men are all employed and invest their money in necessaries of life and purchase homes for themselves and betterment of their families. At least 90 per cent of our people favor prohibition laws in state, in fact you can hardly find anyone that would want to go back to the old system. CHAS. M. WALLACE, Mayor. MAYOR KIRTLAND. Salina, Kan., March 22, 1910. W. R. Stubbs, Topeka, Kan. For several years after prohibition amendment was adopted Salina collected fines from joints. Quite a revenue was derived, but it was all expended in court costs and care of criminals and destitute poor, made so from the effect of the liquor traffic. No relief for the tax payer was had under this system. Every municipal election was fought on the issue of "wet" or "dry" and no thought was given to the business interests of the city. This plan has been abandoned. No man can now be elected to office who is known to be in sympathy with the liquor business. The results are very gratifying. We have time to give attention to the business interests of the city. It is very rare a drunken man can be seen on our streets. The laborers are buying and building homes and Saturday 27 nights the streets are crowded with them and their families enjoying the benefits of an industrious life. Public improvements are going forward as never before. No empty rooms or buildings in the city. Building permits this month aggre- gate $80,000. Over two million dollars on deposit in our banks and the town full of boys grown to manhood who have never seen an open saloon. I look for national prohibition within ten years time. C. B. KIRTLAND, Mayor. MAYOR HUNTER. Wellington, Kan., March 22, 1910. Hon. W. R. Stubbs, Topeka, Kan. Wellington has not had an open saloon for twenty-five years, nor an open joint for ten years. There has been more material prosperity and a greater in- crease in population than ever before in the history of the city. No decent citizen, no person worth haying as a citizen, would permit a saloon or joint to run or even open in their city. GEO. H. HUNTER. MAYOR MOSES. Independence, Kan., March 22, 1910. Governor Stubbs, Topeka, Kan. This is one of the cities of Kansas that strictly enforces the prohibitory law of the state. We have no empty store rooms. No empty houses. Real estate has not decreased in value. Taxes are not burdensome. - Crimes and mis- demeanors are scarce and all conditions are better because of said enforcement. F. C. MOSES, Mayor. MAYOR WAITE. Parsons, Kan., March 22, 1910. Governor W. R. Stubbs, Topeka, Kan. Since prohibition our arrests for crime have been reduced over 50 per cent. Decrease in the sale of liquor has been over 75 per cent. No increase in taxes. No vacant business houses in our city. Real estate has doubled in the past four years. J. L. WAITE, Mayor. MAYOR MITCHELL. Beloit, Kan., March 21, 1910. Hon. W. R. Stubbs, Topeka, Kan. My Dear Governor: Answering your letter of the ioth inst, as to the charges made by the liquor and brewery interests in the Chicago fight for pro- hibition, in which they charge that prohibition in Kansas has worked great havoc with our business and caused more drunkenness and crime, than prevailed under the open saloon. You say they charge also that more liquor is being sold in Kansas than ever before; that it makes taxation burdensome; that our business houses are vacant, and that it has reduced the value of real estate all over the state. Now so far as Beloit, and Mitchell county are concerned these charges are not true, but on the other hand are absolutely false. Since I was elected mayor of Beloit nine years ago, there has not been an open saloon in our town. The wholesale liquor dealers and brewers of Kansas City and St. Joseph, Mo., by their Richard Roe & John Doe C. O. D. Express Co., shipments made us lots of trouble, but they can't do it any more, under the present law. Now and then a bootlegger causes us some trouble yet, but we get him first or last, and he dont bootleg any more. Now for the truth of their charges. Nobody's business has been wrecked or gone to havoc except it be the saloon man. There are no vacant business houses in our town, but we are building many new and larger ones today. Real estate has more than thribbled in value in the last six years, both in the city, and the country surrounding it, our banks are full to over- flowing with the people's money. Drunkenness is almost unknown in our city, the man now to get drunk must go to Kansas City, or St. Joseph, Mo., or send his money there and have it shipped to him here and that's most too much trouble for so little gain. Our city taxes may be a trifle higher since we quit licensing the saloons, but nobody complains, our people prefer prohibition as we now have it today, no matter how high you put the license. Yours very truly, W. M. MITCHELL, Mayor. 28 MAYOR GRIMES. Hiawatha, Kan., March 21, 1910. W. R. Subbs, Governor, Topeka, Kan. Dear Sir : We have not had any saloons in Hiawatha for thirty-five years and would not have them under any conditions. Our tax is as low as any other state with saloons ; our side walks are better than in many other cities ; our homes are better kept than in many cities and all without the saloon license, very little bootlegging and what there is, is very soon picked up and punished. We have not one business house empty, everything full and all doing well and not any empty resident houses, and not any poor from the saloon business, as we have the best fed and housed and clothed people in any state, where they have the rum trade ; we have better schools and churches and society than any country where they have saloons, and property is not running down in price, but on the boom, city property is high and farms close in sell very high; one sold last month for $350 per acre, not very well improved. - That does not look as if things were running down very fast and I know by talking with our people that 90 per cent are solid for prohibition. Yours very respectfully, J. T. GRIMES, Mayor. MAYOR BROOKS. Fort Scott, Kan., March 22, 1910. Governor W. R. Stubbs, Topeka, Kan. Every business house occupied by from ten to fifteen saloons under r.~n- enforcement of the prohibitory law now occupied by legitimate mercantile business; new business houses built and none vacant. Rents have advanced ma- terially. Public expense of sustaining poor families reduced one-fourth or more. Percentage of crimes reduced materially and cost of policing city diminished proportionately. My judgment is the people of Fort Scott -.vouicl vote three to one against opening saloons here after being without them and their revenue three years. W. E. BROOKS, Mayor. MAYOR McCAIN. Emporia, Kan., March 17,4910. W. R. Stubbs, Governor State of Kansas, Topeka, Kan. Dear Sir: Replying to your message of March nth, 1910, will say that the City of Emporia is in better shape at present than it has ever been. About TOO houses were built last season and practically there are no vacant houses in town at present, rents are as high as they have ever been, and when residence property changes hands it brings nearer what it cost to build than it ever has. There is very little crime and almost no drunkenness. We do not pick up a drunk once a month. The bank deposits are at a very high state, and the people are generally prosperous. I believe that 90 per cent of the people favor prohibition and its enforcement. Yours truly, FRANK McCAIN, Mayor. FROM POLICE CHIEFS AND CITY MARSHALS Answering Requests From Governor Stubbs on the Condition of Law En- forcement the Following Letters Were Received From Chiefs of Police and City Marshals. Answering requests from Governor Stubbs on the condition of law enforce- ment the following letters were received from chiefs of police and city marshals : J. E. READY. Chanute, Kan., March 20, 1910. Hon. W. R. Stubbs, Governor, Topeka, Kan. Dear Sir : Am in receipt of your communication this a. m., and will say in reply, that our former chief rigidly enforced the law therefore we had a larger percentage of arrests for drunkenness, but believe that I am perfectly safe in saying drinking has diminished at least two-thirds and crimes growing put of drunkenness are almost a thing of the past. Am personally acquainted with the former chief and well acquainted in Chanute. Will frankly say we have a clean little city and it will be my one effort to keep it so while in office. Took my oath of office two days a^o. Trusting this satisfactorily answers your com- munication I beg to remain, Yours very respectfully, J. E. READY, Chief of Police. 29 HUTCHINSON. W. R. Stubbs, Governor. In answer to yours of ipth day of March, 1910: July, 1908, drunks 127; total arrests, 241. Fines assessed, $1,103. Fines collected $812.65. July, 1909, drunks, 16; total arrests 46. Fines assessed, $678.00; fines collected, $461.00. G. T. HERN, Chief of Police. L. M. UNDERWOOD, Sergeant. WINFIELD. Hon. W. R. Stubbs, Governor. Dear Sir: Your letter of inquiry of March 19, received and contents noted. Will say that since the policy of rigidly enforcing the prohibitory law was be- gun in Winfield that drunkenness has diminished at least 85 per cent and crime growing out of drunkenness has diminished in like ratio. I have been connected with the police department in Winfield most of the time since 1884 and ought to be a fairly good judge. Yours very truly, JAS. McLAIN, City Marshal. EMPORIA. Emporia, Kan., March 20, 1910. W. R. Stubbs, Governor, Topeka, Kan. Dear Sir : The time for actual data is too limited to give actual figures as to decrease of crime caused by drunkenness in Emporia. But from reliable sources and my experience as city marshal for the past seven years crime directly attributed to the use of intoxicants has decreased from 50 to 60 per cent since the rigid enforcement of the prohibitory law in Kansas. Yours truly, THOMAS FRANCIS, City Marshal. MANHATTAN. Manhattan, Kan., March 21, 1910. Hon. W. R. Stubbs, Topeka, Kan. Dear Sir: In answer to your inquiry of the I9th will say that there has been material decrease in drunkenness since strict enforcement of the prohibitory law. Yours respectfully, WM. DOUGHERTY, City Marshal. WELLINGTON. Wellington, Kan., March 21, 1910. W. R. Stubbs, Governor, Topeka, Kan. Dear Sir : Yours of March 19, at hand and will say in reply that crime is on the decrease. As to whiskey, there is not as much drank as there was but bootleggers are still doing business and they are hard to convict. For a man that will buy and drink bootleg whiskey will swear to a lie to protect the boot- legger. If there was a law so a man could get a search warrant for a private house, where you were almost certain they were selling, it would help out. I believe this is all the information I can give. I will close. Yours truly, C. C. SHAWVER, City Marshal. WICHITA. Wichita, Kan., March 21, 1910. Hon. W. R. Stubbs, Topeka, Kan. Dear Sir: In reply to yours of the igth inst., would say that in our court there is a slight increase in crime, growing out of drunkenness, but I don't see as many drunkards on the street as before the rigid enforcement of the pro- hibitory law. As our city is larger in population, the increase might be expected as far as crime is concerned. For exact figures it might be well to inquire at the police court. Yours respectfully, C. W. ROOT, Marshal of City Court. GARDEN CITY. Garden City, March 21, 1910. Hon. W. R. Stubbs, Governor State of Kansas, Topeka, Kan. Dear Sir: I received your inquiry today in regard to enforcement of the 30 prohibitory law and in reply will say that I have been deputy marshal here since y T 2 !' IQ09 ' - was a PP in . ted cit y marshal January 13, 1909. find that crime and disorder diminish accordingly with the strict en- forcement of the prohibitory law, or even by the employment of officers. that are known to favor the strict enforcement of the law. Where there is no secret itective force, as is the case here, actual convictions are hard to secure. Gar- den City has a population of perhaps 4,500 persons and there is but the one city marshal Have had only one drunk before the police judge in four weeks and would also state that when the sugar mill closed here in January throwing perhaps /.oo men out of employment not a single arrest was necessary for any city ordinance or state law. No extra police or extra help has been required through this time. Hoping that the above will be satisfactory, I remain, Yours respectfully, A. LINCOLN LOGAN, City Marshal. OTTAWA. Ottawa, Kan., March 20, 1910. W. R. Stubbs, Governor, Topeka, Kan. Dear Sir : In reply to your inquiry will say that drunkenness has diminished 5 per cent and I know we have at least 50 per cent less cases in police court growing out of liquor than we had before the prohibitory law was strictly en- forced. While I have been an officer here for four years I have given this question very close attention. Our people are highly in favor of the prohibitory law and its enforcement. Yours very truly F. T. BRUNER, Chief of Police. INDEPENDENCE. Independence, Kan., March 20, 1910. r . R. Stubbs, Topeka, Kan. Dear Governor: Yours just received. Will say that in regard to the in- formation that you are seeking that since the prohibitory law is enforced there is not more than 40 per cent sent up as were before it was enforced. In regard to bootleggers if we could get the federal authorities to take hold and handle some of them for us I think that would stop a great deal of bootlegging. We have arrested twenty-two or twenty-three bootleggers and convicted them in the last eight months, and have not got all of them yet, but will be found trying to get them. I think if some of them were handled by the government it would be a great help. I remain yours respectfully. D. M. VANCLEAVE, Chief of Police. CONCORDIA. W. R. Stubbs, Governor, Topeka, Kan. Dear Sir: Replying to your letter of inquiry, igth inst. as to increase or decrease of drunkenness, will say that in my eleven years' work with the sheriff's office, and police force here, drunkenness has decreased 75 per cent and crimes usually brought about by drink have decreased in about the same proportion. To explain, in February, 1898, our county jail had in it eleven prisoners, seven charged with felony. During the three years and four months, which I had charge of the jail, beginning at above date, the average number confined therein was five, since which time the average has fallen to one, the jail being empty one-half the time. In 1899 the average Saturday sales of booze as reported by the three joint keepers was $150 each or $450 by all of them, it is safe to say that sales by drug stores and other sources amounted to $50 more. The average number of arrests and trials in police court has not fallen off in as large a per cent for the reason that arrests are made now for offences that were formerly unnoticed. The sudden change of front recently made by our county attorney and the short visit made to this county by one of the attorney general's assistants, has made a perceptibly good effect in checking bootlegging. No ar- rests have been made in our county the present month for any other offense than booze selling, and gambling. While the above report is somewhat rambling I believe it is in the main true, I will cheerfully answer any question the state officers may send out. I have some information as to how the booze handled by bootleggers gets into the state, I deem it to be of no use to give this information to our local revenue officers, for the reason that such information as I have given them has been used for a different purpose than intended, and differently than it should have been. Yours very respectfully, C. E. BENTLEY, City Marshal. 31 BELOIT. Beloit, Kan., March 20, 1910. Hon. W. R. Stubbs, Governor, Topeka, Kan. Dear Sir: In reply to yours of the iQth, will say, that in my opinion the percentage of drunkenness and crime has decreased fully op per cent, under the strict enforcement of the prohibitory law. I have occupied the office of city marshal for the past sixteen years, and am therefore in a position to make a close estimate ; our chief trouble here is from liquor that is shipped in by private parties. Very respectfully yours, SAMUEL BANKS. HIAWATHA. Hiawatha, Kan., March 21, 1910. Hon. W. R. Stubbs, Topeka, Kan. Dear Sir : In reply to yours of the I9th, will say that drunkenness and the crimes growing out of the use of liquor has diminished at least 75 per cent since the rigid enforcement of the prohibitory law in our city. Our greatest trouble is suppressing the "bootleggers" who get their supplies from Nebraska. Truly yours, S. VANOVER, City Marshal. LEAVENWORTH. Leaven worth, Kan., March 21, 1910. W. R. Stubbs, Governor. Dear Sir : Replying to your letter of the I9th inst, I have to say that in order to determine "ratio of increase or decrease of crime" since the policy of rigidly enforcing the prohibitory law in this city began, it would be necessary for me to go back over the records for a given period prior to that time, and that would prevent a prompt reply to your letters. There have been 465 arrests for drunkenness from April ist, 1909, up to and including March 2Oth, 19^3. Many of these cases were "drunks from Kansas City," and are not chargeati 1 to leaks in this city. Without being in possession of exact figures, I venture the statement that we are making more arrests for drunkenness in homes than formerly, and that on a call from some member of the family. This shows that the intoxicants are being taken to the homes of those who will not do without It. Of course we have those with us who try to run joints. They are migrati - -, moving from place to place, but on the whole Leavenworth is as law-abiding city as any in the state, and more so than some, as the records show. Very respectfully, J. T. TAYLOR, Chief of Police. PITTSBURG. Pittsburg, Kan., March 21, 1910. Hon. W. R. Stubbs, Governor of Kansas. Dear Sir: Your letter of March 19, 1910, received and will send you polic. reports from April ist, 1907, to March 21, 1910, giving the number of arrests v each month, and also showing that the prohibitory ordinance was passed in Mo 1908. Hoping that this will give you what information you may want, I rems Yours very- truly, I. N. SKINNER, Chief of Police. YC 07518 RETURN TO: CIRCULATION DEPARTMENT 198 Main Stacks LOAN PERIOD 1 Home Use 2 3 4 5 6 ALL BOOKS MAY BE RECALLED AFTER 7 DAYS. Renewals and Recharges may be made 4 days prior to the due date. Books may be renewed by calling 642-3405. DUE AS STAMPED BELOW. MAY 10 2005 FORM NO. 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