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 CIIAMPE'S ADVEKTfJRE. 
 
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 READING ON THE EAIL 
 
 No I 
 
 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE
 
 BEADING ON THE KAIL 
 
 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE 
 
 BY 
 
 GENERAL HENRY LEE 
 
 NEW-YORK 
 OFFICE OF 1 THE REBELLION' RECORD 
 
 18C4
 
 Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1864, by 
 
 FRANK MOORE, 
 
 In the Clerk'g Office of the District Court of the United States for the Southern 
 District of New-York.
 
 CHAMPE'S ADVENTUKE: 
 
 r [THE treason of Benedict Arnold, the cap- 
 -L ture of Major Andre, and the intelligence 
 received by General Washington through his 
 confidential agents in New- York, that many 
 of his officers, and especially a major-general, 
 were connected with Arnold, engrossed his 
 mind entirely, and excited the most unpleas- 
 ant reflections. The moment he reached the 
 army, then under the command of Major- 
 General Greene, encamped in the vicinity of 
 Tappan, he sent for Major Henry Lee,* 
 posted with the light troops some distance 
 in front. This officer repaired to headquar- 
 ters with celerity, and found the General 
 in his marquee alone, busily engaged in 
 
 * The author of this paper held the rank of major, and was 
 serving under General Washington, on the Hudson River, at the 
 time of the capture of Andre in 1780.. ED.
 
 6 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 
 
 writing. As soon as Lee entered, lie was 
 requested to take a seat, and a bundle of 
 papers, lying on the table was given to him 
 for perusal. In these much information was 
 detailed, tending to prove that Arnold was 
 not alone in the base conspiracy just detect- 
 ed, but that the poison had spread ; and 
 that a major-general, whose name was not 
 concealed, was certainly as guilty as Arnold 
 himself. This officer had enjoyed, without 
 interruption, the confidence of the Command- 
 er-in-Chief throughout the war ; nor did there 
 exist a single reason in support of the accu- 
 sation. It altogether rested upon the intel- 
 ligence derived from the papers before him. 
 Major Lee, personally acquainted with the 
 accused, could not refrain from suggesting 
 the probability, that the whole was a con- 
 trivance of Sir Henry Clinton, in order to 
 destroy that confidence between the com- 
 mander and his officers on which the suc- 
 cess of military operations depends. This sug- 
 gestion, "Washington replied, was plausible, 
 and deserved due consideration. It had early 
 occurred to his own mind, and had not been
 
 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 7 
 
 slightly regarded ; but his reflections settled 
 in a conclusion not to be shaken ; as the 
 same suggestion applied to no officer more 
 forcibly than a few days ago it would have 
 done to General Arnold, known now to be 
 a traitor. 
 
 Announcing this result of his meditations 
 with the tone and countenance of a mind 
 deeply agitated, and resolved upon its course, 
 Lee continuing silent, the General proceeded ; 
 " I have sent for you, in the expectation that 
 you have in your corps individuals capable 
 and willing to undertake an indispensable, 
 delicate, and hazardous project. Whoever 
 conies forward upon this occasion will lay 
 me under great obligations personally, and 
 in behalf of the United States I will reward 
 him amply. No time is to be lost : he must 
 proceed, if possible, this night. My object is 
 to probe to the bottom the afflicting intelli- 
 gence contained in the papers you have 
 just read ; to seize Arnold, and by getting 
 him to save Andre. They are all connected. 
 While my emissary is engaged in preparing 
 means for the seizure of Arnold, the guilt
 
 8 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 
 
 of others can be traced ; and the timely de- 
 livery of Arnold to me, will possibly put it 
 into my power to restore the amiable and 
 unfortunate Andre to his friends. My in- 
 structions are ready, in which you will find 
 my express orders that Arnold is not to be 
 hurt; but that he be permitted to escape if 
 to be prevented only by killing him, as his 
 public punishment is the sole object in view. 
 This you cannot too forcibly press upon whom- 
 soever may engage in the enterprise; and 
 this fail not to do. With my instructions 
 are two letters, to be delivered as ordered, 
 and here are some guineas for expenses." 
 
 Major Lee replying, said, that he had little 
 or no doubt but that his legion contained 
 many individuals daring enough for any op- 
 eration, however perilous ; but that the : one 
 in view required a combination of qualities 
 not easily to be found unless in a commis- 
 sioned officer, to whom he could not venture 
 to propose an enterprise, the first step to 
 which was desertion. That though the ser- 
 geant-major of the cavalry was in all respects 
 qualified for the delicate and adventurous
 
 CIIAMPE'S ADVENTUKE. 9 
 
 project, and to Mm it might be proposed 
 without indelicacy, as his station did not in- 
 terpose the obstacle before stated ; yet it was 
 very probable that the same difficulty would 
 occur in his breast, to remove which would 
 not be easy, if practicable. 
 
 Washington was highly pleased at finding 
 that a non-commissioned officer was deemed 
 capable of executing his views ; as he had 
 felt extreme difficulty in authorizing an invi- 
 tation to officers, who generally are, and al- 
 ways ought to be, scrupulous and nice in 
 adhering to the course of honor. Pie asked 
 the name, the country, the age, the size, 
 length of service, and character of the ser 
 geant. 
 
 Being told his name that he was a native 
 of London County in Virginia ; about twenty- 
 three or twenty-four years of age that he 
 had enlisted in 1776 rather above the com- 
 mon size full of bone and muscle ; with a 
 saturnine countenance, grave, thoughtful, and 
 taciturn of tried courage and inflexible per- 
 severance, and as likely to reject an overture 
 coupled with ignominy as any officer in the
 
 10 CHAMPE'S ADVEXTTRE. 
 
 corps a commission being the goal of his 
 lou^ and anxious exertions, and certain on 
 
 O ' 
 
 the first vacancy the General exclaimed, that 
 he was the very man for the business ; that 
 he must undertake it; and that going to the 
 enemy by the instigation and at the request 
 of his officer, was not desertion, although it 
 appeared to be so. And he enjoined that 
 this explanation, as coming from him, should 
 be pressed on Champe ; and that the vast 
 good in prospect should be contrasted with 
 the mere semblance of doing wrong, which he 
 presumed could not fail to conquer every 
 scruple. Major Lee assured the General, that 
 every exertion would be essayed on his part 
 to execute his wishes ; and taking leave, re- 
 turned to the camp of the light corps, which 
 he reached about eight o'clock at nio;ht. 
 
 O O 
 
 Sending instantly for the sergeant-major, he 
 introduced the business in the way best cal- 
 culated, as he thought, to produce his con- 
 currence ; and dilated largely on the very 
 great obligations he would confer on the Corn- 
 mander-in-Chief, whose unchanging and active 
 beneficence to the troops had justly drawn
 
 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 11 
 
 to him their affection, which would be mere- 
 ly nominal, if, when an opportunity should 
 offer to any individual of contributing to the 
 promotion of his views, that opportunity was 
 not zealously embraced. That the one now 
 presented to him had never before occurred, 
 and in all probability never would occur again, 
 even should the war continue for ages ; it 
 bein^ most rare for three distinct conse- 
 
 O 
 
 quences, all of primary weight, to be com- 
 prised within a single operation, and that 
 operation necessarily to be entrusted to one 
 man, who would want but one or two asso- 
 ciates in the active part of its execution. That 
 the chance of detection became extremely nar- 
 row, and consequently that of success en- 
 larged. That by succeeding in the safe 
 delivery of Arnold, he not only gratified 
 his General in the most acceptable manner, 
 but he would be hailed as the avenger of 
 the reputation of the army, stained by foul 
 and wicked perfidy ; and what could not but 
 be highly pleasing, he would be the instru- 
 ment of saving the life of Major Andre, soon 
 to be brought before a court of inquiry, the
 
 12 CHAMPE'S ADVEXTUHE. 
 
 decision of whicli could not be doubted, from 
 the universally known circumstances of the 
 case, and had been anticipated in the General's 
 instructions. That, by investigating with dili- 
 gence and accuracy the intelligence communi- 
 cated to him, he would bring to light new 
 guilt, or he would relieve innocence (as was 
 most probable) from distrust ; quieting the 
 torturing suspicions which now harrowed the 
 mind of Washington, and restoring again to 
 his confidence a once honored general, pos- 
 sessing it at present only ostensibly, as well 
 as hush doubts . affecting many of his brother 
 soldiers. 
 
 In short, the accomplishment of so much 
 good was in itself too .attractive to be renounc- 
 ed by a generous mind ; and when connected 
 with the recollection of the hio;h honor which 
 
 O 
 
 the selection shed upon him, as a soldier 
 he ought not he must not pause. This dis- 
 course was followed by a detail of the plan, 
 with a wish that he would enter upon its 
 execution instantly. Champe listened with 
 deep attention, and with a highly excited 
 countenance ; the perturbations of his breast
 
 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 13 
 
 not beiuQ- hid even by his dark visage. He 
 
 O / o 
 
 briefly and modestly replied, that no soldier 
 exceeded him in respect and affection for the 
 Commander-in-Chief, to serve whom he would 
 willingly lay down his life ; and that he was 
 sensible of the honor conferred by the choice 
 of hint for the execution of a project all over 
 arduous ; nor could he be at a loss to know 
 to whom was to be ascribed the preference 
 bestowed, which he took pleasure in acknow- 
 ledging, although increasing obligations before 
 great and many. 
 
 That he was charmed with the plan. Even 
 its partial success would lead to great good; 
 as it would give peace to the General's mind, 
 and do justice, as he hoped, to innocence. Full 
 success, added powerful and delicious per- 
 sonal excitements, as well as the gratification 
 of the General and army. He was not, he 
 said, deterred by the danger and difficulty 
 which was evidently to be encountered, but 
 he was deterred by the ignominy of desertion, 
 to be followed by the hypocrisy of enlist- 
 ing with the enemy ; neither of which com- 
 ported with his feelings, and either placed
 
 14 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 
 
 an insuperable bar in his way to promo- 
 tion. 
 
 He concluded by observing, that if any 
 mode could be contrived free from disgrace, 
 he would cordially embark in the enterprise. 
 As it was, he prayed to be excused ; and hoped 
 that services, always the best in his power 
 to perform, faithfully performed, entitled his 
 prayer to success. The objection's at first ap- 
 prehended now to be combated, were extend- 
 ed to a consequence which had not suggested 
 itself. Lee candidly admitted that he had 
 expected the first objection made, and that 
 only ; which had been imparted to the Gen- 
 eral, who gave to it full consideration, and con- 
 cluded by declaring that the crime of deser- 
 tion was not incurred ; as no act done by the 
 soldier .at the request of the Commander-in- 
 Chief could be considered as desertion ; and 
 that an action so manifestly praiseworthy as 
 that to be performed, when known, would 
 dissipate by its own force the reflections ex- 
 cited by appearances, leaving the actor in the 
 full enjoyment of the rich rewards of his 
 virtue. That the reflecting mind ought not
 
 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 15 
 
 to balance between the achievement of so 
 much good and the doing wrong in semblance 
 only ; to which Major Lee subjoined, that he 
 had considered himself and corps highly 
 honored by the General's call upon him for 
 a soldier capable and willing to execute a 
 project so tempting to the brave ; and that 
 he should feel himself reduced to a mortify- 
 ing condition, if the resistance to the under- 
 taking compelled him to inform the General 
 that he must recur to some other corps to pro- 
 vide an agent to execute this bold and im- 
 portant enterprise. 
 
 He entreated the Sergeant to ask himself 
 what must be the reflections of his comrades, 
 if a* soldier from some other corps should 
 execute the attempt, when they should be 
 told that the glory transferred to the regi- 
 
 O / O 
 
 ment of which he was one might have been 
 enjoyed by the legion, had not Sergeant 
 Champe shrunk from the overture made to 
 him by his General, rather than reject scruples 
 too narrow and confined to be permitted to 
 interfere with grand and virtuous deeds. The 
 esprit du corps could not be resisted ; united
 
 16 CTIAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 
 
 to liis inclination, it subdued his prejudices, 
 and he declared his willingness to conform 
 to the wishes of the General ; relying, as he 
 confidently did, that his reputation would be 
 protected by those who had induced him to 
 undertake the enterprise, should he be unfor- 
 tunate. 
 
 The instructions were read to him, and each 
 distinct object presented plainly to his view, 
 of which he took notes so disguised as to be 
 
 O 
 
 understood only by himself. He was par- 
 ticularly cautioned to use the utmost circum- 
 spection in delivering his letters, and to take 
 care to withhold from the two individuals, 
 addressed under feigned names, knowledge of 
 each other ; for although both had long been 
 in the confidence of the General, yet it was not 
 known by either that the other was so engaged. 
 
 He was further urged to bear in constant 
 recollection the solemn injunction so pointedly 
 expressed in the instructions to Major Lee, 
 of forbearing to kill Arnold in any condition 
 of things. 
 
 This part of the business being finished, 
 their deliberation was turned to the manner
 
 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 17 
 
 of Champe's desertion ; for it was well known 
 to them both that to pass the numerous 
 patrols of horse and foot crossing from the 
 stationary guards, was itself difficult, which 
 was now rendered more so by parties thrown 
 occasionally beyond the place called Liberty 
 Pole, as well as by swarms of irregulars, in- 
 duced sometimes to venture down to the very 
 point at Paulus Hook with the hope of pick- 
 ing up booty. Evidently discernible as were 
 the difficulties in the way, no relief could be 
 administered by Major Lee, lest it might in- 
 duce a belief that he was privy to the deser- 
 tion, which opinion getting to the enemy 
 would involve the life of Champe. The Ser- 
 geant was left to his own resources and to his 
 own management, with the declared deter- 
 mination, that in case his departure should 
 be discovered before morning, Lee would take 
 care to delay pursuit as long as practicable. 
 
 Giving to the Sergeant three guineas, and 
 presenting, his best wishes, he recommended 
 him to start without delay, and enjoined him. 
 to communicate his arrival in New- York as 
 soon as he could. Champe pulling out his
 
 18 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 
 
 watch, compared it with the Major's, remind- 
 ing the latter of the importance of holding- 
 back pursuit, which he was convinced would 
 take place in the course of the night, and 
 which might be fatal, as he knew that lie 
 should be obliged to zig-zag in order to avoid 
 the patrols, which would consume time. It 
 was now nearly eleven. The Sergeant return- 
 ed to camp, and taking his cloak, valise, and 
 orderly book, he drew his horse from the 
 picket, and mounting him, put himself upon 
 fortune. Lee, charmed with his expeditious 
 consummation of the first part of the enter- 
 prise, retired to rest. Useless attempt ! the 
 past scene could not be obliterated ; and, in- 
 deed, had that been practicable, the inter- 
 ruption which ensued would have stopped^ 
 repose. 
 
 Within half an hour Captain Carnes, officer 
 of the day, waited upon the Major, and with 
 considerable emotion told him that one of 
 the patrol had fallen in with a dragoon, who, 
 being challenged, put spur to his horse and 
 escaped, though instantly pursued. Lee com- 
 plaining of the interruption, and pretending
 
 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 19 
 
 to be extremely fatigued by liis ride to and 
 from headquarters, answered as if lie did 
 not understand what had been said, which 
 compelled the Captain to repeat it. " Who 
 can the fellow that was pursued be ?" inquired 
 the Major ; adding, a " countryman, probably." 
 " No," replied the Captain, " the patrol sufficient- 
 ly distinguished him to know that he was a 
 dragoon ; probably one from the army, if not 
 certainly one of our own." This idea was 
 ridiculed from, its improbability, as during 
 the whole war but a single dragoon had de- 
 serted from the legion. This did not convince 
 Carnes, so much stress was it now the fashion 
 to lay on the desertion of Arnold, and the 
 probable effect of his example. The Captain 
 withdrew to examine the squadron of horse, 
 whom, he had ordered to assemble in pursu- 
 ance of established usage on similar occasions. 
 Very quickly he returned, stating that the 
 scoundrel was known, and was no less a per- 
 son than the Sergeant-Major, who had gone 
 off with his horse, baggage, arms, and orderly 
 book- so presumed, as neither the one nor 
 the other could be found. Sensibly affected
 
 20 CITAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 
 
 at tlie supposed baseness of a soldier extreme- 
 ly respected, the Captain added that he had 
 ordered a party to make ready for pursuit, 
 and begged the Major's written orders. 
 
 Occasionally this discourse was interrupted 
 and every idea suggested which the excellent 
 character of the Sergeant warranted, to induce 
 the suspicion that he had not deserted, but 
 had taken the liberty to leave camp with a 
 view to personal pleasure an example, said 
 Lee, too often set by the officers themselves, 
 destructive as it was of discipline, opposed as 
 it, was to orders, and disastrous as it might 
 prove to the corps in the course of service. 
 
 Some little delay was thus interposed ; but 
 it *being now announced that the pursuing 
 party was ready, Major Lee directed a change 
 in the officer, saying that he had a particular 
 service in view, which he had determined to 
 entrust to the lieutenant ready for duty, and 
 which probably must be performed in the 
 morning. He therefore directed him to sum- 
 mon Cornet Middleton for the present com- 
 mand. Lee was induced thus to act, first to 
 add to the delay, and next from his knowledge
 
 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 21 
 
 of the tenderness of Middleton's disposition, 
 which he hoped would lead to the pro- 
 tection of Champe, should he be taken. 
 Within ten minutes Middleton appeared to 
 receive his orders, which were delivered to 
 him made out in the customary form, and 
 signed by the Major. " Pursue as far as you 
 can with safety Sergeant CHampe, who is sus- 
 pected of deserting to the enemy, and has 
 taken the road leading to Paulus Hook. 
 Bring him alive, that he may suffer in the 
 presence of the army ; but kill him if he re- 
 sists, or escapes after being taken." 
 
 Detaining the- Cornet a few minutes long- 
 er in advising him what course to pursue 
 urging him to take care of the horse and ac- 
 coutrements, if recovered, and enjoining him 
 to be on his guard, lest he might, by his 
 eager pursuit, iinprovidently fall into the 
 hands of the enemy, the Major dismissed 
 Middleton, wishing him success. A shower 
 of rain fell soon after Champe's departure, 
 which enabled the pursuing dragoons to take 
 the trail of his horse; knowing, as offi- 
 cer and trooper did, the make of their shoes,
 
 22 GHAMPP:'S ADVENTURE. 
 
 the impression of which was an unerring 
 guide.* 
 
 When Middleton departed, it was a few 
 minutes past twelve ; so that Champe had 
 only the start of rather more than an hour 
 by no means as long as was desired. Lee 
 became very unhappy, not only because the 
 estimable and gallant Champe might be in- 
 jured, but lest the enterprise might be delay- 
 ed ; and he spent a sleepless night. The pur- 
 suing party during the night was, on their 
 part, delayed by the necessary halts to ex- 
 amine occasionally the road, as the impression 
 of the horse's shoes directed their course ; this 
 was unfortunately too evident, no other horse 
 having passed along the road since the shower. 
 When the day broke Middleton was no long- 
 er forced to halt, and he pressed on with 
 rapidity. Ascending an eminence before he 
 reached the Three Pigeons, some miles on the 
 
 * The horses being all shod by our own farriers, the shoes 
 were made in the same form ; which, with a private mark an- 
 nexed to the fore-shoe?, and known to the troopers, pointed out 
 the trail of our dragoons to each other, which was often very 
 useful.
 
 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 2b 
 
 north of the village of Bergen, as the pursuing 
 party reached its summit, Champe was de- 
 scried not more than half a mile in front. 
 Resembling an Indian in vigilance, the Ser- 
 geant at the same moment discovered the 
 party, whose object he w'as no stranger to, 
 and giving spur to his horse, he determined 
 to outstrip his pursuers. Middleton at the 
 same instant put his- horses to the top of their 
 speed ; and being, as the legion all were, well 
 acquainted with the country, he recollected 
 a short route through the woods to the bridge 
 below Bergen, which diverged from the great 
 road just after you gain the Three Pigeons. 
 Reaching the point of separation, he halted, 
 and dividing his party, directed a sergeant 
 with a few dragoons to take the near cut, 
 and possess with all possible despatch the 
 bridge, while he with the residue followed ' 
 Champe, not doubting but that Champe must 
 deliver himself up, as he would be closed be- 
 tween himself and his sergeant. Champe did 
 not forget the short cut, and would have taken 
 it himself, but he knew it was the usual route 
 of our parties when returning in the day from
 
 24 CHAMPE'S ADVENTUKE. 
 
 the neighborliood of the enemy, properly pre- 
 ferring the woods to the road. He conse- 
 quently avoided it ; and persuaded that Mid- 
 dleton would avail himself of it, wisely 
 resolved to relinquish his intention of getting 
 to Paulus Hook, and to seek refuge from two 
 British galleys lying a few miles to the west 
 of Bergen. 
 
 This was a station always occupied by 
 one or two galleys, and which it was known 
 now lay there. Entering the village of Ber- 
 gen, Champe turned to his right, and dis- 
 guising his change of course as much as he 
 could by taking the beaten streets, turning 
 as they turned, he passed through the village 
 and took the road toward Elizabethtown 
 Point. Middleton's sergeant gained the bridge, 
 where he concealed himself, ready to pounce 
 upon Champe w^hen he came up ; and Middle- 
 ton, pursuing his course through Bergen, soon 
 got also to the bridge, when, to his extreme 
 mortification, he found that the .Sergeant- had 
 slipped through his fingers. Returning up 
 the road, he inquired of the villagers of Ber- 
 gen, whether a dragoon had been seen that
 
 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 25 
 
 morning ahead of his party. He was answer- 
 ed in the affirmative, but could learn nothing 
 satisfactorily as to the route he took. While 
 engaged in inquiries himself, he spread his 
 party through the village to strike the trail 
 of Champe's horse, a resort always recurred 
 to. Some of his dragoons hit it just as the 
 Sergeant, leaving the village, got in the road 
 to the Point. Pursuit was renewed with 
 vigor, and again Champe was descried. He, 
 apprehending the event, had prepared himself 
 for it, by lashing his valise (containing his 
 clothes and orderly book) on his shoulders, 
 and holding his drawn sword in his hand, 
 having thrown away the scabbard. This he 
 did to save what was indispensable to him, 
 and to prevent any interruption to his swim- 
 ming, should Middleton, as he presumed, when 
 disappointed at the bridge, take the measures 
 adopted by him. The pursuit was rapid and 
 close, as the stop occasioned by the Sergeant's 
 preparations for swimming had brought Mid- 
 dleton within two or three hundred yards. 
 As soon as Champe got abreast of the two 
 galleys, he dismounted, and running through
 
 26 CIIAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 
 
 the marsh to the river, plunged into it, calling 
 upon the galleys for help. This was readily 
 given ; they fired upon our horse, and sent a 
 boat to meet Chainpe, who was taken in and 
 carried on board, and conveyed to New-Yorl^. 
 with a letter from the captain of the galley, 
 stating the circumstances he had seen. 
 
 The horse with his equipments, the Ser- 
 geant's cloak and scabbard, were recovered ; 
 the sword itself, being held by Chanipe until 
 he plunged into the river, was lost, as Middle- 
 ton found it necessary to retire without search- 
 ing for it. 
 
 'About three o'clock in the evening our 
 party returned, and the soldiers seeing the 
 well-known horse in our possession, made 
 the air resound with exclamations that the 
 scoundrel was killed. 
 
 Major Lee, called by this heart-rending an- 
 nunciation from his tent, saw the Sergeant's 
 horse led by one of Middleton's dragoons, and 
 began to reproach himself with the blood of 
 the high priaed, faithful, and intrepid Champe. 
 Stifling his agony, he advanced to meet Mid- 
 dleton, and became somewhat relieved as
 
 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 27 
 
 soon as he got near enough to discern the 
 countenance of his officer and party. There 
 . was evidence in their looks of disappoint- 
 ment, and he was quickly relieved by Mid- 
 dleton's information that the Sergeant had 
 effected his escape with the loss of his horse, 
 and narrated the particulars just recited. 
 
 Lee's joy was now as full as, the moment 
 before, his torture had been excruciating. 
 
 ' O 
 
 Never was a happier conclusion. The Ser- 
 geant escaped unhurt, carrying with him to 
 the enemy undeniable testimony of the sin- 
 cerity of his desertion cancelling every ap- 
 prehension before entertained, lest the enemy 
 might suspect him of being what he really 
 was. 
 
 Major Lee imparted to the Commander-in- 
 Chief the occurrence, who was sensibly affect- 
 ed by the hair-breadth escape of Champe, 
 and anticipated with pleasure the good effect 
 sure to follow the enemy's knowledge of its 
 manner. 
 
 On the fourth day after Champe's depart- 
 ure, Lee received a letter from him, written 
 the day before in a disguised hand, without any
 
 28 CHAAIPE'S ADVENTURE. 
 
 signature, and stating what had passed after 
 he got on board the galley, where he was 
 kindly received. 
 
 He was carried to the Commandant of New- 
 York as soon as he arrived, and presented 
 the letter addressed to this officer from the 
 captain of the galley. Being asked to what 
 corps he belonged, and a few other common 
 questions, he was sent under care of an or- 
 derly sergeant to the Adjutant-General, who, 
 finding that he was sergeant-major of the 
 legion of horse, heretofore remarkable for 
 their fidelity, began to interrogate him. He 
 was told by Champe, that such was the spiiit 
 of defection which prevailed among the Am- 
 erican troops in consequence of Arnold's ex- 
 ample, that he had no doubt, if the temper 
 was properly cherished, Washington's ranks 
 would not only be greatly thinned, but that 
 some of his best corps would leave him. To 
 this conclusion, the Sergeant said, he was led 
 by his own observations, and especially by 
 his knowledge of the discontents which agi- 
 tated the corps to which he had belonged. 
 His size, place of birth, form, countenance,
 
 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 29 
 
 hail', the corps in which, he had served, with 
 other remarks in conformity to the British 
 usage, was noted down. After this was 
 finished, he was sent to the Coinmander-in- 
 Chief, in charge of one of the staff, with a 
 letter from the Adjutant-General. Sir Henry 
 Clinton- treated him. very kindly, and de- 
 tained him more than one hour, asking him 
 many questions, all leading first, to know 
 to what extent this spirit of defection might 
 be pushed by proper incitements what the 
 most operating incitements whether any gen- 
 eral officers were suspected by Washington 
 as concerned in Arnold's conspiracy, or any 
 other officers of note who they were, and 
 whether the troops approved or censured 
 Washington's suspicions whether his pop- 
 ularity in the army was sinking, or continued 
 stationary. What was Major Andre's situa- 
 tion whether any change had taken place, 
 in the manner of his confinement what was 
 the current opinion of his probable fate and 
 whether it was thought Washington would 
 treat him as a spy. To these various inter- 
 rogations, some of which were perplexing 
 
 >
 
 80 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 
 
 Cliampe answered warily ; exciting, neverthe- 
 less, hopes 'that the adoption of proper mea- 
 sures to encourage desertion (of which he 
 could not pretend to form an opinion) would 
 certainly bring off hundreds of the American 
 soldiers, including some of the best troops, 
 horse as well as foot. Respecting the fate of 
 Andre, he said he was ignorant, though there 
 appeared to be a general wish in the army 
 that his life should not be taken ; and that 
 he believed it would depend more upon the 
 disposition of Congress, than on the will of 
 Washington. 
 
 After this long conversation ended, Sir 
 Henry presented Charnpe with a couple of 
 guineas, and recommended him to wait upon 
 General Arnold, who was engaged in raising 
 an American legion in the service of his majes- 
 ty. He directed one of his aids to write to 
 Arnold by Champe, stating who he was, and 
 what he had said about the disposition in 
 the army to follow his example ; which being 
 soon done, the letter was given to the or- 
 derly attending on Champe to be presented 
 with the deserter to General Arnold. Arnold
 
 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 81 
 
 expressed much satisfaction on hearing from 
 Champe the manner of his escape, and the 
 effect of Arnold's example ; and concluded 
 his numerous inquiries by assigning quarters 
 to the Sergeant the same as were occupied 
 by his recruiting sergeants. 
 
 He also proposed to Champe to join his 
 legion, telling him he would give him the 
 same station he had held in the rebel service, 
 and promising further advancement when 
 merited. Expressing his wish to retire from 
 war, and his conviction of the certainty of his 
 being hung if ever taken by the rebels, he 
 begged to be excused from enlistment ; as- 
 suring the General, that should he change his 
 mind, he would certainly accept his offer. 
 Retiring to his quarters, Champe now turned 
 his attention to the delivery of his letters, 
 which he could not effect until the next night, 
 and then only to one of the two incogniti 
 to whom he was recommended. This man 
 received the Sergeant with extreme attention, 
 and having read the letter, assured Champe 
 that he might rely on his faithful cooperation 
 in every thing in his power consistent with
 
 32 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 
 
 his safety, to guard wliicli required tlie utmost 
 prudence and circumspection. The sole ob- 
 ject in which the aid of this individual was 
 required, regarded the general and others of 
 our army, implicated in the information sent 
 to Washington by him. To this object 
 Charnpe urged his attention, assuring him 
 of the solicitude it had excited, and telling 
 him that its speedy investigation had induced 
 the General to send him to New- York. 
 
 Promising to enter upon it with zeal, and 
 engaging to send out Chanipe's letters to Major 
 Lee, he fixed the time and place for their next 
 meeting, when they separated. 
 
 Lee made known to the General what had 
 been transmitted to him by Chanipe, and 
 received in answer directions to press Champe 
 to the expeditious conclusion of his mission, 
 as the fate ^f Andre would be soon decided, 
 when little or no delay could be admitted 
 in executing whatever sentence the court 
 might decree. The same messenger who 
 
 o o 
 
 brought Chanipe's letter, returned with the 
 ordered communication. Five days had near- 
 ly elapsed after reaching Xew-York, before
 
 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 33 
 
 Champe saw the confidant to whom only the 
 attempt against Arnold was to be intrusted. 
 This person entered with promptitude into 
 the design, promising his cordial assistance. 
 To procure a proper associate for Champe 
 was the first object, and this he promised to 
 do with all possible despatch. Furnishing 
 a conveyance to Lee, we again heard from 
 Champe, who stated what I have related, with 
 the additional intelligence that he had that 
 morning (the last of September) been ap- 
 pointed one of Arnold's recruiting sergeants, 
 having enlisted the day before with Arnold, 
 and that he was induced to take this afflicting 
 step, for the purpose of securing uninterrupt- 
 ed ingress and egress to the house which 
 the General occupied, it being indispensable 
 to a speedy conclusion of the difficult enter- 
 prise which the information he had just re- 
 ceived had so forcibly urged. He added, 
 that the difficulties in his way were numerous 
 and stubborn, and that his prospect of suc- 
 cess was by no means cheering. "With respect 
 to the additional treason, he asserted that he 
 had every reason to believe that it was
 
 34 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 
 
 groundless, that the report took its rise in 
 the enemy's camp, and that he hoped soon 
 to clear up that matter satisfactorily. The 
 pleasure which the last part of this communi- 
 cation afforded was damped by the tidings 
 it imparted respecting Arnold, as on his 
 speedy delivery depended Andre's relief. The 
 interposition of Sir Henry Clinton, who was 
 extremely anxious to save his aid-de-camp, still 
 continued ; and it was expected the examina- 
 tion of witnesses and the defence of the pris- 
 oner, would protract the decision of the court 
 of inquiry, now assembled, and give sufficient 
 time for the consummation of the project 
 committed to Champe. A complete disap- 
 pointment took place from a quarter unfore- 
 seen and unexpected. The honorable and 
 accomplished Andre, knowing his guilt, dis- 
 dained defence, and prevented the examina- 
 tion of witnesses by confessing the charactei 
 in which he stood. On the next day (the 
 second of October) the court again assem- 
 bled ; when eveiy doubt that could possibly 
 arise in the case having been removed by 
 the previous confession, Andre" was de-
 
 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 35 
 
 clared to be a spy, and condemned to suffer 
 accordingly. 
 
 The sentence was executed on the subse- 
 quent day in the usual form, the Commander- 
 in-Chief deeming it improper to interpose any 
 delay. In this decision he was warranted 
 by the very unpromising intelligence received 
 from Charnpe, by the still existing implica- 
 tion of other officers in Arnold's conspiracy, 
 by a due regard to- public opinion, and by 
 real tenderness to the condemned. 
 
 Neither Congress nor the nation could have 
 been with propriety informed of the cause 
 of the delay, and without such information 
 it must have excited in both alarm and sus- 
 picion. Andre himself could not have been 
 intrusted with the secret, and would conse- 
 quently have attributed the unlooked-for 
 event to the expostulation and exertion of 
 Sir Henry Clinton, which would not fail to 
 produce in his breast expectations of ultimate 
 relief; to excite which would have been cruel, 
 as the realization of such expectation depend- 
 ed upon a possible but improbable contin- 
 gency. The fate of Andr6, hastened by
 
 36 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 
 
 himself, deprived the enterprise committed 
 to Champe of a feature which had been 
 highly prized by its projector, and which had 
 very much engaged the heart of the indi- 
 vidual ch6sen to execute it. 
 
 Washington ordered Major Lee to communi- 
 cate what had passed to the Sergeant, with 
 directions to encourage Mm to prosecute with 
 unrelaxed vigor the remaining objects of his 
 instructions, but to intermit haste in the ex- 
 ecution only as far as was compatible with 
 final success. 
 
 This was accordingly done by the first op- 
 portunity. Champe deplored the sad neces- 
 sity which had occurred, and candidly con- 
 fessed that the hope of enabling Washington 
 to save the life of Andre, (who had been the 
 subject of universal commiseration in the 
 American camp,) greatly contributed to re- 
 move the serious difficulties which opposed 
 his acceding to the proposition when first pro- 
 pounded. Some documents accompanied this 
 communication, tending to prove the innocence 
 of the accused general ; they were completely 
 satisfactory, and did credit to the discrmiina-
 
 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 37 
 
 tion, zeal, and diligence of the Sergeant. Lee 
 inclosed them immediately to the Commander- 
 in-Chief, who was pleased to express the satis- 
 faction he derived from the information, and 
 to order the Major to wait upon him the 
 aext day, when the whole subject was re- 
 examined, and the distrust heretofore enter- 
 tained of the accused was for ever dismissed.* 
 Nothing now remained to be done but the 
 seizure and safe delivery of Arnold. To this 
 subject Champe gave his undivided attention ; 
 and on the nineteenth October, Major Lee 
 received from him a very particular account 
 of the progress he had made, with the out- 
 lines of his plan. This was, without delay, 
 
 * Copy of a letter from General Washington to Major Lee, in 
 his own handwriting. 
 
 October 13, 1780. 
 
 DEAR SIR : I am very glad your letter, of this date, has given 
 strength to my conviction of the innocence of the gentleman who 
 was the subject of your inquiry 
 
 I want to see you on a particular piece of business. If the 
 day is fair, and nothing of consequence intervenes, I will be at 
 the Marquis's quarters by ten o'clock to-morrow. If this should 
 not happen, I shall be glad to see you at headquarters. 
 I am, dear sir, your obedient servant, 
 
 G. WASHINGTON.
 
 38 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 
 
 submitted to Washington, with a request for a 
 few additional guineas. The General's letter,* 
 
 * Copy of a letter from General Washington to Major Lee, in 
 liis own handwriting. 
 
 HEADQUA-HTERS, October 30, 1780. 
 
 DEAR SIR : The plan proposed for taking A d (the outlines 
 
 of which are communicated in your letter, which was this mo- 
 ment put into my hands without date) has every mark of a good 
 one. I therefore agree to the promised rewards ; and have such 
 entire confidence in your management of the business, as to give 
 it my fullest approbation ; and leave the whole to the guidance 
 of your own judgment, with this expressed stipulation and 
 pointed injunction, that he (A d) is brought to me alive. 
 
 No circumstance whatever shall obtain my consent to his 
 being put to death. The idea which would accompany such an 
 event, would be that ruffians had been hired to assassinate him. 
 My aim is to make a public example of him ; and this should be 
 strongly impressed upon those who are employed to bring him 
 off. The Sergeant must be very circumspect too much zeal 
 may create suspicion, and too much precipitancy may defeat 
 the project. The most inviolable secrecy must be observed on 
 all hands. I send you five guineas ; but I am not satisfied of 
 the propriety of the Sergeant's appearing with much specie. 
 This circumstance may also lead to suspicion, as it is but too 
 well known to the enemy that we do not abound in this article. 
 
 The interviews between the party in and out of the city, 
 should be managed with much caution and seeming in- 
 difference ; or else the frequency of their meeting, etc., may be. 
 tray the design, and involve bad consequences ; but I am per- 
 suaded you will place every matter in a proper point of view to 
 the conductors of this interesting business, and therefore I shall 
 only add, that I am, dear sir, etc., etc., 
 
 G. WASHINGTON.
 
 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 39 
 
 written on the same day, (twentieth October,) 
 evinces his attention to the minutiae of busi- 
 ness, as well as his immutable determination 
 to possess Arnold alive, or not at all. This 
 was his original injunction, which he never 
 omitted to enforce upon every proper occa- 
 sion. 
 
 Major Lee had an opportunity in the course 
 of the week of writing to Champe, when he 
 told him that the rewards which he had 
 promised to his associates would be certainly 
 paid on the delivery of Arnold; and in the 
 mean time, small sums of money would be 
 furnished for casual expenses, it being deemed 
 improper that he should appear with much, 
 lest it might lead to suspicion and detection. 
 That five guineas were now sent, and that 
 more would follow when absolutely necessary. 
 Ten days elapsed "before Champe brought 
 his measures to a conclusion, when Lee re- 
 ceived from him his final communication, ap-. 
 pointing the third subsequent night for a 
 party of dragoons to meet him at Hobokeu, 
 when he hoped to deliver Arnold to the offi- 
 cer. Champe had, from his enlistment into
 
 40 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 
 
 the American legion, (Arnold's corps,) every 
 opportunity he could wish to attend to the 
 habits of the General. He discovered that 
 it was his custom to return home about twelve 
 every night, and that previous to going to bed 
 he always visited the garden. During this 
 visit the conspirators were to seize him, and 
 being prepared with a gag, intended to have 
 applied the same instantly. 
 
 Adjoining the house in which Arnold re- 
 sided, and that in which it was designed to 
 seize and gag him, Champe had taken out 
 several of the palings and replaced them, so 
 that with care and without noise he could 
 readily open his way to the adjoining alley. 
 Into this alley he meant to have conveyed his 
 prisoner, aided by his companion, one of two 
 associates who had been introduced by the 
 friend to whom Champe had been orginally 
 made known by letter from the Commander- 
 in-Chief, and with whose aid and counsel he 
 had so far conducted the enterprise. His 
 other associate was with the boat prepared 
 at one of the wharves on the Hudson River, 
 to receive the party.
 
 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 41 
 
 Champe and his friend intended to have 
 placed themselves each under Arnold's shouldei; 
 and to have thus borne him through the most 
 unfrequented alleys and streets to the boat, 
 representing Arnold, in case of being ques- 
 tioned, as a drunken soldier whom they were 
 conveying to the guard-house. 
 
 When arrived at the boat the difficulties 
 would be all surmounted, there being no 
 danger nor obstacle in passing to the Jersey 
 shore. These particulars, as soon as known 
 to Lee, were communicated to the Commander- 
 in-Chief, who was highly gratified with the 
 much-desired intelligence. He directed Major 
 Lee to meet Champe, and to take care that 
 Arnold should not be hurt. The day arrived, 
 and Lee with a party of dragoons left camp 
 late in the evening, with three led horses ; one 
 for Arnold, one for the Sergeant, and the third 
 for his associate, never doubting the success 
 of the enterprise, from the tenor of the last 
 received communication. The party reached 
 Hoboken about midnight, where they were 
 concealed in the adjoining wood Lee with 
 three dragoons stationing himself near the
 
 4:2 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 
 
 river-sliore. Hour after hour passed no boat 
 ' approached. At length the day broke and 
 the Major retired to his party, and with, his 
 led horses returned to camp, when he proceed- 
 ed to headquarters to inform the General of 
 the disappointment, as mortifying as inexplica- 
 ble. Washington having perused Chanipe's 
 plan and communication, had indulged the 
 presumption that at length the object of 
 his keen and constant pursuit was sure of ex- 
 ecution,, and did not dissemble the joy such 
 conviction produced. He was chagrined at 
 the issue, and apprehended that his faithful 
 Sergeant must have been detected in the last 
 scene of his tedious and difficult enterprise. 
 In a few days, Lee received an anonymous 
 letter from Champe's patron and friend, in- 
 forming him that on the day previous to the 
 night fixed for the execution of the plot, 
 Arnold had removed his quarters to another 
 part of the town, to superintend the embarka- 
 tion of troops, preparing (as was rumored) for 
 an expedition to be directed by himself; and 
 that the American legion, consisting chiefly of 
 deserters, had been transferred from their
 
 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 43 
 
 barracks to one of the transports; it being ap- 
 prehended that if left on shore until the ex- 
 pedition was ready, many of them might de- 
 sert. Thus it happened that John Champe, 
 instead of crossing the Hudson that night, 
 was safely deposited on board one of the fleet 
 of transports, from whence he never departed 
 until the troops under Arnold landed in Vir- 
 ginia! Nor was he able to escape from the 
 British army until after the junction of Lord 
 Cornwallis at Petersburg!}, when he deserted ; 
 and proceeding high up into Virginia, he passed 
 into North-Carolina near the Saura towns, and 
 keeping in the friendly districts of that State, 
 safely joined the army soon after it had passed 
 the Congaree in pursuit of Lord Rawdon. 
 
 His appearance excited extreme surprise 
 among his former comrades, which was not 
 a little increased when they saw the cordial 
 reception he met with from Lieutenant-Colonel 
 Lee. His whole story soon became known to 
 the corps, which reproduced the love and re- 
 spect of officer and soldier, heightened by uni- 
 versal admiration of his daring and arduous 
 attempt.
 
 44 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 
 
 Champe was introduced to General Greene, 
 who cheerfully complied with the promises 
 made by the Commander-in-Chief, as far as in 
 his power ; and having provided the Sergeant 
 with a good horse and money for his journey, 
 sent him to General Washington, who munifi- 
 cently anticipated every desire of the Sergeant, 
 and presented him with a discharge from fur- 
 ther service,* lest he might in the vicissitudes 
 of war, fall into the enemy's hands, when if 
 recognized, he was sure to die on a gibbet. 
 
 * When General Washington was called by President Adams 
 to the command of the army prepared to defend the country 
 from French hostility, he sent to Lieutenant-Colonel Lee to in- 
 quire for Champe, being determined to bring him- into the field 
 at the head of a company of infantry. 
 
 Lee sent to Loudon County, where Champe settled after hia 
 discharge from the army, and learned that the gallant soldier had 
 removed to Kentucky, and had soon after died.
 
 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 46 
 
 SERGEANT CHAMPE. 
 
 A BALLAD OP THE REVOLUTION. 
 
 COME, sheathe your swords ! my gallant boys, 
 
 And listen to the story, 
 How Sergeant Champe, one gloomy night, 
 
 Set off to catch the tory. 
 
 You see the General had got mad, 
 To think his plans were thwarted, 
 
 And swore by all, both good and bad, 
 That Arnold should be carted. 
 
 So unto Lee he sent a line, 
 
 And told him all his sorrow, 
 And said that he must start the hunt, 
 
 Before the coming morrow. 
 
 Lee found a sergeant in his camp, 
 
 Made up of bone and muscle, 
 Who ne'er knew fear, and many a year 
 
 With tories had a tussle. 
 
 Bold Champe, when mounted on old Rip, 
 All buttoned up from weather, 
 
 Sang out " good-by !" cracked off his whip, 
 And soon was in the heather. 
 
 He galloped on toward Paulus Hook, 
 
 Improving every instant 
 Until a patrol, wide awake, 
 
 Descried him in the distance. 
 
 On coming up, the guard called out, 
 And asked him where he's going
 
 46 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 
 
 To which he answered with his spur, 
 And left him in the mowing. 
 
 The bushes passed him like the wind, 
 And pebbles flew asunder. 
 
 The guard was left far, far behind, 
 All mixed with mud and wonder. 
 
 Lee's troops paraded, all alive, 
 
 Although 'twas one the morning, 
 
 And counting o'er a dozen or more, 
 One sergeant is found wanting. 
 
 A little hero, full of spunk, 
 
 But not so full of judgment, 
 
 Pressed Major Lee to let him go, 
 
 With the bravest of his reg'ment. 
 
 Lee summoned Cornet Middleton, 
 Expressed what was urgent, 
 
 And gave him orders how to go 
 
 To catch the rambling Sergeant. 
 
 Then forty troopers, more or less, 
 Set off across the meader ; 
 
 'Bout thirty-nine went jogging on 
 A-following their leader. 
 
 At early morn adown a hill 
 
 They saw the Sergeant sliding ; 
 
 So fast he went, it was not ken't, 
 Whether he's rode, or riding. 
 
 None looked back, but on they spurred, 
 A-gaining every minute. 
 
 To see them go, 'twould done you good, 
 You'd thought old Satan in it.
 
 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 47 
 
 The Sergeant missed 'em, by good luck, 
 
 And took another tracing, 
 He turned his horse from Paul us Hook, 
 
 Elizabethtown facing. 
 
 It was the custom of Sir Hal 
 
 To send his galleys cruising, 
 And so it happened just then, 
 
 That two were at Van Deusen's. 
 
 Straight unto these the Sergeant went, 
 
 And left old Rip, all standing, 
 A-waiting for the blown cornet, 
 
 At Squire Van Deusen's landing. 
 
 The troopers didn't gallop home, 
 
 But rested from their labors ; 
 And some 'tis said took gingerbread 
 
 And cider from the neighbors. 
 
 'Twas just at eve the troopers reached 
 
 The camp they left that morning. 
 Champe's empty saddle, unto Lee, 
 
 Gave an unwelcome warning. 
 
 " Tf Champe has suffered, 'tis my fault ;" 
 
 So thought the generous Major : 
 " I would not have his garment touched 
 
 For millions on a wager !" 
 
 The Cornet told him all he knew, 
 
 Excepting of the cider. 
 The troopers, all, spurred very well, 
 
 But Champe was the best rider ! 
 
 And so it happened that brave Champe 
 Unto Sir Hal deserted,
 
 48 CHAMPE'S ADVENTURE. 
 
 Deceiving him, and you, and me, 
 And into York was flirted. 
 
 He saw base Arnold in his camp, 
 
 Surrounded by the legion, 
 And told him of the recent prank 
 
 That threw him in that region. . 
 
 Then Arnold grinned, and rubbed his hands, 
 And e'enmost choked with pleasure, 
 
 Not thinking Champe was all the while 
 A " taking of his measure." 
 
 " Come now," says he, " my bold soldier, 
 
 As you're within our borders, 
 Let's drink our fill, old care to kill, 
 To-morrow you'll have orders." 
 
 Full soon the British fleet set sail ! 
 
 Say ! wasn't that a pity ? 
 For thus it was brave Sergeant Champe , 
 
 Was taken from the city. 
 
 To Southern climes the shipping flew, 
 
 And anchored in Virginia, 
 When Champe escaped and joined his friends 
 
 Among the picinnini. 
 
 Base Arnold's head, by luck, was saved, 
 
 Poor Andre was gibbeted. 
 Arnold's to blame for Andre's fame, 
 
 And Andre's to be pitied.
 
 ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 PERSONS noticing the omission of any im- 
 portant facts, documents, narratives, rumors, in- 
 cidents, or poetry, in the volumes of the RE- 
 BELLION RECORD, will oblige the Editor by 
 calling his attention to such. 
 
 FRANK MOORE, 
 
 Editor REBELLION RECORD 
 NEW- YORK, April, 1864.
 
 TH1<: GREWT " JjIVI-V* J 1 1 Is- 
 
 EEBELLIoRECORD, 
 
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