HONORARY USHERS 
 
 STUDENT BODY 
 
 JEWISH THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY 
 OF AMERICA
 
 tan 
 
 MEMORIAL MEETING 
 
 ISRAEL FRIEDLAENDER 
 B E RN ARD CANTOR 
 
 Hues were sacrificed July 5, /920,in 
 the cause of Israel and in the 
 service cfhumanity 
 
 snn PJI? rcr 
 
 CARNEGIE HALL * NEW YORK CITY 
 Thursday Evening, September 9,1920.
 
 Israel Friedlaender-Bernard Cantor 
 Memorial Committee 
 
 OF THE 
 
 JOINT DISTRIBUTION COMMITTEE 
 
 CYRUS ADLER, Chairman JUDAH L. MACNES 
 
 SHOLEM ASCH OTTO A. ROSALSKY 
 
 SAMUEL C. LAMPORT FELIX M. WARBURG 
 
 STANLEY BERO, Secretary
 
 PROFESSOR ISRAEL FRIEDLAENDER 
 RABBI BERNARD CANTOR 
 
 MEMORIAL MEETING 
 
 Under the auspices of the Joint Distribution Committee 
 
 of the American Funds for Jewish War Sufferers 
 
 and its Constituent Committees, the American, 
 
 Central, and People's Relief Committees, 
 
 with the following organizations 
 
 participating : 
 
 AMERICAN ACADEMY OF JEWISH RESEARCH 
 
 AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE 
 
 AMERICAN ORIENTAL SOCIETY 
 
 BAIS-LECHEM, WARSAW 
 
 BUREAU OF EDUCATION 
 
 CONGREGATION RODEF SHOLEM, WABASH, IND. 
 
 CENTRAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN RABBIS 
 
 EDUCATIONAL ALLIANCE 
 
 FEDERATION OF GALICIAN JEWS 
 
 FEDERATION OF POLISH JEWS IN AMERICA 
 
 FEDERATION OF ROUMANIAN JEWS OF AMERICA 
 
 FEDERATION OF UKRAINIAN JEWS OF AMERICA 
 
 FREE SYNAGOGUE OF FLUSHING 
 
 HEBREW UNION COLLEGE 
 
 HEBREW VETERANS OF THE WARS OF THE REPUBLIC 
 
 HENRY STREET SETTLEMENT 
 
 2096309
 
 HlSTADRUTH IBRITH 
 
 INDEPENDENT ORDER BRITH ABRAHAM 
 
 INDEPENDENT ORDER FREE SONS OF ISRAEL 
 
 INTERCOLLEGIATE MENORAH SOCIETY 
 
 INTERCOLLEGIATE ZIONIST ASSOCIATION 
 
 INVINCIBLE JUDAENS 
 
 JEWISH CENTER 
 
 JEWISH EMIGRANT AID OFFICE OF CONSTANTINOPLE, 
 
 TURKEY 
 JEWISH PUBLIC COMMITTEE OF RUSSIA FOR THE AID OF 
 
 POGROM VICTIMS, Moscow, RUSSIA 
 JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY OF AMERICA 
 JEWISH REFORM TEMPLE OF LAFAYETTE, IND. 
 JEWISH REFORM TEMPLE OF PORT GIBSON, Miss. 
 JEWISH THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY OF AMERICA 
 JEWISH YOUNG MEN 's ASSOCIATION, BUFFALO, NEW YORK 
 SEVENTEEN JEWISH ORGANIZATIONS OF WARSAW, POLAND 
 LEAGUE OF THE JEWISH YOUTH OF AMERICA 
 LEGAL Aro BUREAU OF WICHITA, KANSAS 
 MIZRACHI ORGANIZATION 
 ORDER OF BRITH ABRAHAM 
 ORDER SONS OF ZION 
 ORIENTAL CLUB OF NEW YORK 
 J. L. PEREZ WRITERS' ASSOCIATION 
 RABBINICAL ASSEMBLY OF JEWISH THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY 
 SOCIETY OF BIBLICAL LITERATURE AND EXEGESIS 
 STUDENT BODY OF JEWISH THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY OF 
 
 AMERICA 
 TEACHERS' INSTITUTE, JEWISH THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY 
 
 OF AMERICA 
 
 TEMPLE EMANUEL, WICHITA, KANSAS 
 UNION OF ORTHODOX CONGREGATIONS OF AMERICA 
 UNITED SYNAGOGUE OF AMERICA 
 UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI 
 WEST SIDE COMMUNITY HOUSE 
 YOUNG ISRAEL 
 YOUNG JUDAENS 
 ZIONIST ORGANIZATION OF AMERICA
 
 ISRAEL FRIEDLAENDER
 
 PROFESSOR ISRAEL FRIEDLAENDER 
 
 Born September 8, 1876, at Kovel, Russian Poland, 
 the son of Pinkus Friedlaender and Gitel Ehrlich. 
 
 Married September 26, 1905, Lillian Ruth Bent- 
 wich, of London, England. 
 
 Three sons: Herzl, Benzion, and Daniel Balfour. 
 
 Three daughters: Carmel, JudithnSusannath, and 
 Nechomo Joy. 
 
 EDUCATION : 
 
 Heder and privately at Warsaw; attended Berlin 
 University and the Rabbiner Seminar from 1896- 
 1900. 
 
 Received the Ph.D. degree from the University of 
 Strassburg in 1901. 
 
 ACADEMIC POSITIONS: 
 
 Privat-docent in Semitic Languages at the Univer- 
 sity of Strassburg, 1902-1903 ; came to Jewish The- 
 ological Seminary of America as Sabato Morais 
 Professor of Biblical Literature and Exegesis in 
 October, 1903, where he remained until his death ; 
 was also Instructor in History at the Teachers' 
 Institute of the Jewish Theological Seminary.
 
 In Memvriam 
 AUTHOR, EDITOR, AND TRANSLATOR OF THE FOLLOWING: 
 
 Der Sprachgebrauch des Maimonides (1902). 
 Die Messiasidee im Islam (1903). 
 
 The Arabic Original of the Report of R. Nathan 
 Hababli (1905). 
 
 Translated from Russian into German, S. M. Dub- 
 now's "Die Grundlagen des National Judentums" 
 (1905). 
 
 Dubnow's Theory of Jewish Nationalism (1905). 
 Moses Maimonides (1905). 
 
 Translated from Hebrew into German Asher 
 Ginzberg's "Am Scheidewege. Ausgewaehlte Es- 
 says" (1905). 
 
 Die Arabische Sprache des Maimonides (1908). 
 Der Stil des Maimonides (1908). 
 
 The Heterodoxies of the Shiites according to Ibn 
 Hazm (1909). 
 
 The Problem of Judaism in America (1909). 
 
 Selections from the Arabic Writings of Maimoni- 
 des edited with Introduction and Notes (1909). 
 
 Were our Ancestors Capable of Self-Government ? 
 (1909). 
 
 Abdalah b. Saba, der Bergruender der Shi'ah, und 
 sein juedischer Ursprung (1910). 
 
 The Political Ideal of the Prophets (1910). 
 Jewish-Arabic Studies (1910-1913). 
 
 Muhammedanische Geschichtskonstruktionen 
 (1912). 
 
 Die Chadirlegende und der Alexanderroman 
 (1913).
 
 Israel friecttaewkt --Bernard Cantor 
 
 The Problem of Jewish Education in America, and 
 the Bureau of Education of the Jewish Commu- 
 nity of New York City (1913). 
 
 A New Responsum of Maimonides concerning the 
 Repetition of Shmoneh Esreh (1914). 
 
 The Rupture between Alexander Jannai and the 
 Pharisees (1914) 
 
 The Jews of Russia and Poland. A Bird's-Eye 
 View of their History and Culture (1915). 
 
 The Present Crisis in American Jewry (1915). 
 
 The Present Position and the Original Form of the 
 Prophecy of Eternal Peace in Isaiah 2:1-5 and 
 Micah 4:1-5 (1916). 
 
 Translated from the Russian manuscript and 
 edited S. M. Dubnow's "History of the Jews in 
 Russia and Poland from the earliest times until 
 the present day" (1916-1920). 
 
 Past and Present. A Collection of Jewish Essays 
 (1919). 
 
 Zionism and the World Peace (1919). 
 Zur Geschichte der Chadhirlegende. 
 Race and Religion. 
 
 Contributed critical notices of Scientific Books to 
 American and European Reviews and Magazines. 
 
 ORGANIZATIONS AFFILIATED WITH: 
 
 Chairman of Board of Trustees of Bureau of Edu- 
 cation of Jewish Community of New York City. 
 
 Member of the Executive Committee of Bureau of 
 Education of the Jewish Community of New York 
 City.
 
 In Memoriam 
 
 Member of Joint Distribution Committee of the 
 American Funds for Jewish War Sufferers. 
 
 Trustee of the Educational Alliance of New York 
 City. 
 
 Member of the Publication Committee of the Jew- 
 ish Publication Society of America. 
 
 Associate of the Executive Committee of the Fed- 
 eration of American Zionists. 
 
 Corresponding Member of the Indian Research 
 Club of Calcutta. 
 
 Member of Deutsche Morgenlandische Gesell- 
 schaft. 
 
 Member of American Oriental Society. 
 Member of Oriental Club, New York City. 
 
 Member of American Academy of Jewish Re- 
 search. 
 
 Member of Histadruth Ibrith. 
 
 Member of Menorah Society. 
 
 Member of Young Israel. 
 
 Member of Intercollegiate Zionist Association. 
 
 OVERSEAS RELIEF WORK: 
 
 Commissioner of the Joint Distribution Committee 
 to the Ukraine; acted with Overseas Unit Number 
 1, in Poland, January, 1920. 
 
 16
 
 BERNARD CANTOR
 
 DR. BERNARD CANTOR 
 
 Born March 30, 1892, Buffalo, N. Y. ; the son of 
 Rev. Isaac Cantor, and Rose Rachel Cantor (nee 
 Friedland). 
 
 EDUCATION : 
 
 Public schools of Buffalo, N. Y. ; Central High 
 School, Buffalo, N. Y. ; University of Cincinnati, 
 B.A. ; graduated June, 1913, with honors (Phi 
 Beta Kappa; Tau Kappa Alpha), University of 
 Cincinnati, 1914, M. A. Graduate student Univer- 
 sity of Chicago, Summer, 1914. Columbia Univer- 
 sity, N. Y. Post Graduate work, 1917-1919, under 
 Professor Felix Adler and Professor Woodridge. 
 
 Rabbinical education, Buffalo, N. Y., Talmud To- 
 rah; Mishnah under his father and Rev. H. E. 
 Singer, Buffalo, N. Y. ; Talmud, Posekim, and mod- 
 ern Hebrew under his brother-in-law, Rabbi Simon 
 Glazer; Summers, 1909-1913, Montreal; Hebrew 
 Union College, 1910-1916 Graduate Rabbi. 
 
 EDUCATOR: 
 
 Associate Instructor Department of Philosophy, 
 University of Cincinnati. Instructor at Hebrew 
 Union College, 1915-1916.
 
 In Memonam 
 
 RABBINICAL AFFILIATION : 
 
 Officiated during his senior student years, while 
 at Hebrew Union College, at Port Gibson, Miss. 
 Rabbi of Congregation Rodef Sholem, Wabash, 
 Ind. Served at Lafayette, Ind., and at Temple 
 Emanuel, Wichita, Kansas; Associate Rabbi Free 
 Synagogue, New York City, 1917-1920; served 
 down-town branch Free Synagogue ; Rabbi of Free 
 Synagogue, Flushing, N. Y. 
 
 AUTHOR: 
 
 Immanuel of Rome. Philosophy of St. Augustine. 
 Contributed to Jewish and other periodicals. 
 
 ORGANIZED : 
 
 Legal Aid Bureau, Wichita, Kansas. 
 While at Central High School he organized the 
 Buffalo, N. Y., Jewish Young Men's Association, 
 and served as its first president. 
 
 In connection with the social service division of 
 the Free Synagogue, he organized and led the 
 churches and the synagogues of the Central Park 
 district during the time of the Influenza epidemic, 
 in the effort to prevent the spread of this disease. 
 
 OVERSEAS RELIEF WORK: 
 
 Became identified with the Joint Distribution Com- 
 mittee Overseas Unit Number 1, for service in 
 Poland, January, 1920. 
 
 22
 
 Israel Frie^laender-Eernard fantvr 
 
 CHAIRMAN Cyrus Adler 
 
 ORDER OF EXERCISES 
 
 MICHTAM LE-DAVID Dr. Elias L. Solomon 
 
 ADDRESS Louis Marshall, Esq. 
 
 ADDRESS Reverend H. Masliansky 
 
 ADDRESS Hon. Julian W. Mack 
 
 ADDRESS Hon. Abram I. Elkus 
 
 ADDRESS Dr. Judah L. Magnes 
 HAZKARAH Chanted by the Reverend Josef Rosenblatt 
 KADDISH
 
 Introductory Remarks of the Chairman 
 DR. CYRUS ABLER 
 
 HIS meeting 1 , brought together by the 
 Joint Distribution Committee of the 
 American Funds for Jewish War 
 Sufferers, with the co-operation of 
 numerous organizations, not only here but abroad, 
 is unique in the annals of American Jewry. We 
 have from time to time met to pay tribute to the 
 memory of one who had rendered valued service 
 and who, in the course of nature, had been called 
 hence to his heavenly reward. We have stood in 
 solemn assemblages to mourn our coreligionists 
 struck down by mobs or the victims of hostile 
 governments, or to pay tribute to the brave youths 
 who gave up their lives serving America in the 
 Great War, but, as far as I can recall, American 
 Jewry has for the first time in its existence of more 
 than 265 years, had the mournful duty of as- 
 sembling in memory of Americans who had fallen 
 in the field as martyrs to the cause of the Jewish
 
 In Menwriam 
 
 people. Such was the fate of Israel Friedlaender 
 and Bernard Cantor. 
 
 These two men, one a distinguished scholar, 
 teacher, and communal leader, the other an en- 
 thusiastic young Rabbi, were engaged in an ex- 
 pedition to carry comfort and relief to the people 
 of the Ukraine who were suffering horrors that 
 defy description. They had no considerable funds 
 with them, nothing to tempt the cupidity of the 
 greedy, and no hostile purpose to any man; yet, 
 not on a lonely road, nor on the highway, but in a 
 village, in the sight, we are informed, of many 
 people, they were shot down by men wearing the 
 uniform of the Bolshevik army. 
 
 It is to give expression to our horror and detes- 
 tation of this crime, to the sorrow and grief that 
 fill our hearts, to the deep sympathy we have for 
 the families of the heroic dead, and to dedicate 
 ourselves anew to the cause in which they died, 
 that this meeting has come together. 
 
 We should not feel we are honoring their mem- 
 ories. It is not in our power to do so. They have 
 hallowed their own memories and created imper- 
 ishable names for themselves by their willingness 
 to give up their lives in the noble service in which 
 they were engaged. In some slight way we may 
 honor our own selves and elevate our own souls by
 
 srae 
 
 an understanding of their sacrifice, by doing what 
 is in our power in order that their work should be 
 carried on, and by providing that the families of 
 these men be spared want and privation. 
 
 If we do these things, we shall, in a feeble way, 
 be paying our tribute to the souls of Israel Fried- 
 laender and Bernard Cantor. 
 
 27
 
 In Memoriam 
 
 RABBI ELIAS L. SOLOMON 
 Recited Psalm XVI, Michtam Le-David 
 
 Keep me, O God ; for I have taken refuge in Thee. 
 
 I have said unto the Lord : "Thou art my Lord ; 
 
 I have no good but in Thee" ; 
 
 As for the holy that are in the earth, 
 
 They are the excellent in whom is all my delight. 
 
 Let the idols of them be multiplied that make suit 
 
 unto another; 
 
 Their drink-offerings of blood will I not offer, 
 Nor take their names upon my lips. 
 
 Lord, the portion of mine inheritance and of my 
 
 cup, 
 
 Thou maintainest my lot. 
 
 The lines are fallen unto me in pleasant places ; 
 Yea, I have a goodly heritage. 
 
 1 will bless the Lord, who hath given me counsel ; 
 Yea, in the night seasons my reins instruct me. 
 
 I have set the Lord always before me ; 
 Surely He is at my right hand, I shall not be 
 moved. 
 
 Therefore my heart is glad, and my glory re- 
 
 joiceth ; 
 My flesh also dwelleth in safety; 
 
 For Thou wilt not abandon my soul to the nether- 
 world ; 
 
 Neither wilt Thou suffer Thy godly one to see the 
 pit. 
 
 Thou makest me to know the path of life ; 
 
 In Thy presence is fulness of Joy; 
 
 In Thy right hand bliss for evermore. 
 
 28
 
 srae 
 
 orqo 
 
 TipiD nnx OTJ* ;? WEN 
 HN) * non 
 orraj px ^a nno 
 
 0*03 
 
 . HID?
 
 Address of 
 LOUIS MARSHALL, ESQ. 
 
 Not grief, but pride, arouse these heroes slain, 
 New-joined to Israel's endless martyr-line; 
 Their errand, mercy, and their aim divine 
 Led them into that seething hell, Ukraine, 
 Where Hate converts God's sunlight into bane, 
 Where Love contemned has ceased his sway benign, 
 Where Faith and Hope in bitterness repine 
 And Night resumes her interrupted reign. 
 In throbbing hearts enshrined, death is not theirs, 
 Not failure but fruition crowns their days, 
 Their precious blood fraternal message bears 
 To them, who from the darkness heavenward gaze, 
 Of brother love beyond the seas, that shares 
 All sorrows and the fallen would upraise. 
 
 T the beginning of this year Israel 
 Friedlaender and Bernard Cantor, 
 impelled by an exalted sense of 
 duty, volunteered to go abroad, one 
 to the Ukraine and the other to Poland, for the 
 purpose of bringing comfort and solace to the un- 
 fortunate Jews of those countries. They knew 
 that their path was on every hand beset with 
 jeopardy. They thoroughly understood the risks 
 they would incur, the pestilence that stalked at 
 noonday that awaited them, and the anarchy and
 
 Israel Fritcttaender-Bernard Gmtor 
 
 lawlessness that had to be reckoned with. They 
 were warned of the dangers that they would en- 
 counter, of the inability of any existing govern- 
 ment to afford them protection. Yet, with full ap- 
 preciation of all of the perils that were pointed out 
 to them, and which they willingly assumed, they 
 waved aside every warning, in order that they 
 might perform what they looked upon as the most 
 sacred duty that could be entrusted to any man of 
 our faith that of aiding in the preservation of the 
 millions of our helpless and despairing brethren, 
 who knew not what to do or where to turn for 
 succor, and of bringing to them a message of sym- 
 pathy from the Jews, who, under the blessing of 
 God, had found a home in the western world. 
 Neither of these men was experienced in the ac- 
 tivities of the business world. Neither of them be- 
 longed to the class known as practical men. Both 
 of them were scholars and students. Both of them 
 were idealists and were familiar only with spir- 
 itual values. Both of them believed that their use- 
 fulness in the work that they had undertaken was 
 enhanced by the very fact that their training was 
 not that of a world at war, but of men who pur- 
 sued peace and placed their faith in the Almighty. 
 Neither of them would have been selected because 
 of his physical courage, of his readiness to engage
 
 In Memcriam 
 
 in conflict, of his freedom from fear. On the con- 
 trary, the natural disposition of both of them, their 
 life-long training and their daily contact were such 
 as to lead one to believe that they were not the men 
 to proceed to that part of the world where dan- 
 ger lurked in every abhorrent shape. Yet, answer- 
 ing their own call to duty, following the prompt- 
 ings of their consciences, listening solely to the 
 cries of distress and despair that thundered across 
 the vasty deep and echoed within their noble 
 souls, they moved from one hazard to another, ex- 
 posing themselves to injury and destruction, ven- 
 turing where warriors feared to tread, visiting hos- 
 pitals and other centres of infection, confronting 
 those stricken with contagion, travelling through 
 regions where armies marched and remarched, 
 where bandits and guerillas plied their nefarious 
 trade, where shot and shell flew by day and by 
 night, and safety was nowhere to be found. It 
 would be a grave injustice to say that these de- 
 voted men knew not fear. So to declare would 
 belie the past tenor of their lives, would mean that 
 they had no care for their loved ones at home or 
 for the work to which they had dedicated them- 
 selves from their early youth. Theirs was not the 
 blind daring of irresponsibility. Theirs was the 
 courage which rose from the sense of duty the
 
 Israel frietHaenJer- Bernard fankor 
 
 courage of resolution, which betokened a fixed 
 will and settled purpose, a determination to act, 
 in spite of physical weakness, in the very face of 
 terrifying obstacles that threatened from every 
 side but which, by the exercise of inflexible voli- 
 tion, were nevertheless ignored. 
 
 When these men embarked upon their fatal 
 journey, they were asked to wait until conditions 
 for travel were more favorable. They left a place 
 of comparative safety, where they were under the 
 protection of a military force. Professor Fried- 
 laender had, however, been credibly informed of 
 threatened pogroms. He firmly believed that, if 
 he could promptly reach General Pilsudski, steps 
 would be taken to avert a catastrophe. He de- 
 cided, at any cost, to proceed to headquarters. 
 His conscience would not permit him to wait, in 
 order to assure his own safety. He thought only 
 of the safety of others, and disregarding the moni- 
 tion of caution he, with Rabbi Cantor as his com- 
 panion, went to his death. Two precious lives, 
 two careers of usefulness, were ended by foul mur- 
 der in the twinkling of an eye. 
 
 I had not the privilege of a personal ac- 
 quaintance with Rabbi Cantor. Others who knew 
 him well will speak of the nobility of his character 
 
 33
 
 In Memoriam 
 
 and the spirit of self-sacrifice which he evinced on 
 many occasions. 
 
 I had the privilege of an intimate acquaintance 
 with Professor Friedlaender during the seventeen 
 years of his residence in New York. This acquain- 
 tance ripened into a friendship that I shall ever 
 cherish. His was a charming personality. He 
 was modest and courteous and considerate at all 
 times. There was no trace of vanity, conceit or 
 self-seeking in anything that he said or did or 
 wrote. He was temperate in speech, judicious in 
 action, and tolerant of others' opinions. Though 
 earnest, he was not solemn. Though serious- 
 minded, he had a fund of wit and humor that illu- 
 mined his intercourse. Though a student of phi- 
 lology and of history, he kept abreast with modern 
 thought. Though steeped in ancient lore and a 
 strict observer of Jewish traditions, he was, never- 
 theless, modern and scientific in his methods. His 
 industry was extraordinary, his labors stupendous. 
 He never spared himself. He knew not what an 
 idle moment was. When not engaged in the per- 
 formance of his functions as a member of the fac- 
 ulty of the Jewish Theological Seminary and of 
 the Teachers' Institute, he devoted himself to a 
 study of the problems of Jewish education, to re- 
 search in Arabic and Hebrew literature, to the 
 
 34
 
 Israel FneMaender-Eernanl Cantor 
 
 translation of the writings of Ahad Ha-' Am and of 
 Dubnow, and to the preparation of essays of high 
 literary value and of historical works which will 
 long continue to be studied. His style was most 
 attractive and was clarity itself. He was a man of 
 rare eloquence. He spoke English as though it 
 were his native tongue, and was equally the mas- 
 ter of other languages. He never wrote a dull 
 line, and never failed in any conference to make 
 a marked contribution to the elucidation of the 
 subject under discussion. He was a good listener, 
 and avoided every appearance of masterfulness. 
 
 The subject of Jewish education was nearest to 
 his heart. From the time of its organization he 
 was the Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the 
 Bureau of Education of the Jewish Community of 
 New York, where he co-operated untiringly with 
 his bosom friend, Dr. Benderly. He had the con- 
 viction, which became confirmed with every year, 
 that the Jews of America had been derelict by fail- 
 ing to deal efficiently with the educational problem, 
 that this neglect was chargeable to no particular 
 class or division of Jewry, but was participated in 
 by all, and that the responsibility for taking imme- 
 diate measures to cure the fault rested on every 
 Jew who believed in the continuation of Judaism, 
 its literature, its history, and its traditions. His 
 
 35
 
 In Memoriam 
 
 public utterances in favor of the adoption of a pol- 
 icy and a plan of action by which this problem 
 could be effectively attacked have been preserved. 
 Nothing more appropriate could possibly be done 
 to perpetuate the life-work of this Prince in Israel 
 than to hearken to his admonitions and to carry 
 out in material form the ideals that he sought to 
 realize. He was not a weeping philosopher, and 
 yet when he considered the deplorable failure of 
 the great Jewish community of New York to ap- 
 preciate the necessity of undoing the errors of the 
 past in the domain of education, and of recogniz- 
 ing the imperative obligation of building for the 
 future, on strong and firm foundations, a construc- 
 tive educational policy worthy of the community, 
 he was almost moved to tears. 
 
 He did not shrink from death when he believed 
 that, by laying down his life, he could help to pre- 
 serve his people. Shall we be unwilling to devote 
 our lives to the preservation for posterity of our 
 spiritual treasures, or shall we, open-eyed, permit 
 them to be lost because of our unreadiness to make 
 sacrifices, which are trivial compared with that 
 laid by him upon the altar of our faith? 
 
 The task in which these, our departed broth- 
 ers, were engaged when smitten by the assassin's 
 blow, remains unfinished. The widows and or-
 
 Israel tnetttaender Bernard fiantor 
 
 phans of countless victims of brutal massacres still 
 remain destitute. Famine and distress are as 
 acute as ever. Typhus threatens such a holocaust 
 as modern times have not known. Industry has 
 been paralyzed and commerce crushed. Syna- 
 gogues and cultural institutions are ruined. We 
 know too well that the eyes of millions of our race 
 and faith in their supreme agony are directed 
 toward us, who are their only hope and stay. 
 Measured by the standards of a normal era, Amer- 
 ican Jewry has hitherto been most generous. But 
 when one considers the large dimensions of the 
 cataclysm that has overwhelmed Poland and 
 Lithuania, the Ukraine and Galicia, Austria and 
 Hungary, we must confess that what we have thus 
 far done is utterly inadequate for the preservation 
 of the lives of the survivors and the reconstruction 
 of their industries and institutions. We are not 
 asked to give what Israel Friedlaender and Ber- 
 nard Cantor so freely gave we are not called 
 upon to strip ourselves of those possessions with 
 which we have been blessed. We are not even 
 asked to deny ourselves the comforts that we en- 
 joy. But in the name of everything that the Jew 
 has in the past held sacred, in the name of the gen- 
 erations of our pious ancestors who, with smiling 
 countenances, suffered the most poignant tortures 
 
 37
 
 In Memoriam 
 
 that Judaism might not perish, in the name of 
 these our latest martyrs, I conjure you to resolve 
 on this solemn occasion to share your plenty with 
 your brethren in the charnel house of Eastern 
 Europe, until they have again been placed upon 
 their feet and peace and hope are once more 
 restored. 
 
 Professor Friedlaender was a living exponent 
 of Judaism to our fellow-citizens of other faiths. 
 His was a consistent life of piety in thought and 
 action. He exemplified all that was beautiful in 
 the life of the Jew who revered the traditions of 
 his fathers. He was imbued with the spirit of the 
 Prophets of Israel, and sought to bring home to the 
 present generation their sublime ethical concepts. 
 Their ideals were pursued in his daily walk, and 
 their precepts guided his action. In one of his fin- 
 est essays he quoted the impressive passage from 
 Jeremiah (ix: 22, 23), which most fittingly char- 
 acterizes his own exalted outlook upon life and 
 conduct : 
 
 Thus saith the Lord: 
 
 Let not the wise man glory in his wisdom, 
 Neither let the mighty man glory in his might; 
 Let not the rich man glory in his riches; 
 But let him that glorieth glory in this, 
 That he understandeth and knoweth Me, 
 That I am the Lord who exercise mercy, 
 Justice, and righteousness, in the earth; 
 For in these things I delight, saith the Lord.
 
 Israel Fnectlaender-Eernard &mtor 
 
 Whilst he was a Jew of Jews, he likewise held 
 in veneration those fundamental doctrines which 
 have made America what it is the Temple of 
 Liberty and the asylum for the persecuted peoples 
 of the earth. He loved the land of his adoption, 
 and one of the last messages that came from him 
 was that America was the hope of the Jews, and 
 that on American soil the Jews were enabled, not 
 only to enjoy freedom, but also to develop their 
 virtues and their ideals unhindered. 
 
 In these days, when new enemies have arisen 
 where one would not look for them, who, moved 
 by ignorance and malevolence, secretly, and some- 
 times openly, disseminate ancient libels clad in 
 modern garb, fabrications so puerile as to be ac- 
 ceptable only to the feeble-minded or the crimin- 
 ally malicious, it is well for us to point to such 
 exemplars of Jewish character as the heroic men 
 whom we have met to commemorate. Their lives 
 and the lives of the millions of our faith and race, 
 for whom they were prepared to make the su- 
 preme sacrifice, supply the antidote to this unscru- 
 pulous attempt to poison the public mind and to 
 place at our door the most monstrous accusations 
 that have ever been devised, born of prejudice and 
 intolerance and nurtured by shameless criminality 
 and monumental stupidity. A people that has 
 
 39
 
 In Memoriam 
 
 produced such men as Professor Friedlaender and 
 Rabbi Cantor requires no apologists and can safely 
 place its reliance on truth and righteousness. 
 Let us prove ourselves worthy of these men, en- 
 dowed with the Maccabean spirit, whose loyalty 
 and devotion naught could swerve, and who died, 
 as they lived, faithful to every trust, unselfish and 
 unafraid. 
 
 I know of no more appropriate concluding 
 words than those found in the first English address 
 delivered by Professor Friedlaender in Novem- 
 ber, 1904. 
 
 "History is not made by philosophers, but by 
 martyrs, by men whose lives are an object-lesson 
 of their doctrines. The Jewish prophets were at 
 once thinkers and martyrs. Not only did they 
 think their ideals, they lived their ideals, because 
 they were not theirs, but God's." 
 
 -40
 
 Address of 
 REVEREND H. MASLIANSKY 
 
 {Translated from the Hebrew) 
 
 HERE are you, Israel, our beloved 
 brother? Where are you, Israel, 
 the martyred of the people of Israel. 
 At all meetings that took place in 
 this historic Carnegie Hall you were present. 
 Where are you now? 
 
 Into the prairies of Ukraine, the land of beast- 
 ly murderers, the guillotine of hundreds of thou- 
 sands of our brethren, there you went forth to 
 bring salvation to your people. You left your 
 peaceful home, your devoted wife, and your sweet 
 little ones, and with determination, you embarked 
 on your mission of mercy accompanied by your 
 young friend and fellow-hero, Rabbi Bernard Can- 
 tor. Alas ! upon the altar of your noble and sacred 
 work you fell. 
 
 If the souls of the hundreds of thousands of 
 our brethren, who perished during the last six 
 years, shine like stars in our darkened skies,
 
 In Memariam 
 
 surely, your names, Friedlaender and Cantor, will 
 sparkle like the light of creation in our history 
 forever. 
 
 The sun sets at eventide, the flowers fade in 
 autumn, the rivers freeze in the winter. All this 
 is nature's decree. But how gruesome it is when 
 the sun sets at noon, the flowers wither in the 
 spring, and the rivers stop their flow during the 
 summer! The light of the souls of our martyrs, 
 Israel Friedlaender and Bernard Cantor, was ex- 
 tinguished in the prime of their lives. 
 
 Israel, which found its pride in Israel, will 
 from generation to generation proclaim and honor 
 your deeds, and from father to son will be handed 
 down the story of your noble life; grandmothers 
 with children on their knees will tell of your 
 achievements. 
 
 Israel, in the bloody land of your birth and 
 death, on the knees of humble yet highly re- 
 spected parents, you were raised. You were one 
 with God, with your people and your Torah. Even 
 when you had completed your studies and ac- 
 quired the titles of Professor and Doctor, when 
 foreign languages were mastered by you, you still 
 cherished the Hebrew tongue above them all, 
 because you were a true son of Israel.
 
 Israel Fmcllaender^Bernaid ffantor 
 
 Though enlisted in the service of general cul- 
 ture, you aimed primarily to serve your own peo- 
 ple. The value of a highly-prized ring, set in rare 
 jewels, consists in its splendor and not in its use- 
 fulness. The value of lenses, however elaborately 
 they may be ground, depends chiefly upon their 
 utility. Our loss in the death of Friedlaender and 
 Cantor is keen, because both by their life and 
 death they showed us clearly the way to serve our 
 people. 
 
 Israel Friedlaender, the modest, the good, the 
 learned, the educator, the communal worker, the 
 author, the speaker, know that the various organ- 
 izations to which you belonged, such as the Joint 
 Distribution Committee, the Theological Seminary, 
 the Teachers' Institute, the Zionist Organization, 
 The Educational Alliance, all of these and many 
 more, lay at your bier wreaths of love and tender- 
 ness, intertwined with sorrow and watered with 
 tears. All of these wreaths we lay upon your holy 
 grave in the unholy soil that holds you. 
 
 The Talmud tells us that when one of our 
 Community dies, the loss is and must be mourned 
 by all. How much greater is our cause of grief, 
 when one who has belonged to so many organi- 
 zations, and was respected by all, falls at the 
 hands of brutal murderers ! 
 
 43
 
 In Menumam 
 
 Happy is the man who was brought up in the 
 light of the Torah, and who lived in the spirit of 
 Law, and who brought comfort to his Maker; 
 who was brought up with a good name, and who 
 departs from this earth leaving behind him a good 
 name. About such a man King Solomon, in his 
 wisdom, said mtD jDt?D Dt? 2'B "A good name is 
 better than precious oil." 
 
 I see in my vision, thousands upon thousands 
 of holy souls of the martyrs of the four thousand 
 year old nation gently approaching the newly ar- 
 rived beautiful souls, Friedlaender and Cantor, 
 who sacrificed themselves for the glory of God and 
 the love of man in springtime of their lives. 
 
 May God, who comforts those who mourn, con- 
 sole the families of our heroic dead. It surely 
 must prove a solace to the noble widow and the 
 beautiful children and their other kin that they 
 will be glorified forever through the names of 
 Friedlaender and Cantor. 
 
 44
 
 Address of 
 HON. JULIAN W. MACK 
 
 DEEM it a great privilege to bring the 
 tribute of esteem and affection of 
 the Zionists of America for Ber- 
 nard Cantor and Israel Friedlaender. 
 
 The younger man marched as a private in the 
 ranks, and he always felt, like that great leader, 
 his associate in the work of the Free Synagogue, 
 that he at least could not do his work fully and 
 completely as a teacher and Rabbi in Israel unless 
 he were imbued with the spirit of Zionism. 
 
 And Friedlaender, from his earliest youth, was 
 ever the lover of Palestine. During his years in 
 Germany, from the first day that he came to 
 America, he was a leader of Zionists in each of 
 these lands. For over a decade he served on the 
 Executive Committee. His deep interest in the 
 youth of Israel led him to accept the presidency 
 of Young Judaea on its organization. He gave
 
 In Mnnoriam 
 
 freely, fully, generously in every capacity when- 
 ever the opportunity offered, of his time, his 
 strength, his scholarship, because of his deep at- 
 tachment to the Zionist ideal. And yet he was 
 doomed to one of the greatest, if not the greatest 
 disappointments in his life. He looked forward 
 not merely to a visit to Palestine, he looked for- 
 ward to the pilgrimage with his family, to become 
 one of the founders of the new land, the ancient 
 homeland. Almost from the grave, there came to 
 me a letter from him, a week ago, written in War- 
 saw, on June 9, just as he was setting out on his 
 fatal errand. In this letter he said : "As you know, 
 I left America in January on a mission to the 
 Ukraine. We found our way blocked because of 
 the advance of the Bolshevists. So we went by 
 way of Warsaw. I went twice by way of Copen- 
 hagen. After long and wearisome waiting, I find 
 myself at last able to proceed to Kief. I intend to 
 leave to-morrow. The task that confronts me there 
 is most difficult and complicated. It is obvious that 
 after having waited five months for this opportu- 
 nity, I cannot now neglect it. I can scarcely tell 
 you how profoundly disappointed I am at this in- 
 ability of attending this particular conference (the 
 Zionist Conference in London) which is bound to 
 be epoch-making. But I have no choice in the mat-
 
 Israel frieJlaencler-Berna?il fiantor 
 
 ter, and I must follow the call of duty. My work 
 in Kief will keep me there for one and possibly 
 for two months. After that I should love to pay 
 a visit to the Holy Land before returning to Amer- 
 ica. My stay in the centers of Eastern European 
 Jewry has deepened my attachment for Zionism 
 and my desire to devote the little I have to its real- 
 ization. A visit to the Holy Land will, probably, 
 show me where I can prove myself useful, particu- 
 larly along the lines of a Jewish Arabic under- 
 standing, the importance of which is now patent to 
 all of us." And it was to the promotion of this 
 Jewish Arabic understanding that he felt himself 
 dedicated. A year ago now, just a little over a 
 year ago, he exchanged views with some of us who 
 were the elected officials of the organization. He 
 explained how he felt that he could be useful in 
 bettering the understanding between the Jew and 
 the Arab in the Holy Land, through his literary 
 ability, and his knowledge of the history of Jewish 
 Arabic relations. He was eager then to go forth 
 to the Holy Land. But with his accustomed mod- 
 est and self-sacrificing spirit, he assented to the 
 views that were expressed to him that the time for 
 the particular work for which he was best fitted 
 had not yet come; that it would come after the 
 nations of the world had decreed that the Balfour 
 
 47
 
 In Memoriam 
 
 declaration shall be written into international law. 
 That time came with San Remo. He lived to see 
 it. He knew that the day was approaching when 
 he could give the best service to the Jewish 
 people. 
 
 What was his conception of Zionism? Let me 
 read to you from that volume of essays, from 
 which Mr. Marshall, in his noble and eloquent ad- 
 dress, has quoted, that volume of essays dedicated 
 to a fighter in the Zionist rank. In the preface, 
 which of course is the conclusion, he says: "The 
 volume is based upon the fundamental conception 
 of Judaism as a living organism, which is one and 
 indivisible at all times and in all climes; changing 
 and yet unchanged; harking back to a great past 
 and struggling, in the midst of a harassing present, 
 towards a glorious future. That conception views 
 Israel as a community in which the religious and 
 racial element is inseparably intertwined with one 
 another, in which the universal ideals and the 
 national aspirations form a harmonious combina- 
 tion a combination which can be realized only 
 through the untrammeled and unhindered devel- 
 opment of the Jewish genius on a Jewish soil." 
 In the very last essay in that collection, a collec- 
 tion well worthy of reading, whether from the 
 standpoint of its Jewish spirit, or from the stand-
 
 Israel Fnedlaender -Bernard flzntor 
 
 point of the language, in which that spirit is 
 clothed in words, in the last of these essays, he 
 says: "However, when we speak of the restoration 
 of Palestine as the consummation of our Jewish 
 aspirations we are not actuated by narrow, Jewish 
 self-interest. It is a paradoxical fact, and never- 
 theless a true fact, that Palestine, which has the 
 strongest appeal to the specific national sentiments 
 of the Jew, is at the same time the most, or rather 
 the only, inter-national land on the surface of the 
 earth. And it is so, not because of its size, for it 
 is one of the smallest of countries ; not because of 
 its material resources, which it possesses to a very 
 limited degree ; but because it is the fountain-head 
 of those great ideals towards which humanity is 
 struggling to-day, in the midst of rivers of blood. 
 We Jews love Palestine, not because it tickles our 
 political ambitions, or allures us with material 
 prospects, but because we fervently hope that 
 those great ideals which were proclaimed in an- 
 cient Palestine thousands of years ago may once 
 more be realized in modern Palestine, not only for 
 the benefit of the Jews, but as an object-lesson for 
 the whole of humanity. 'For out of Zion shall 
 come forth the Law, and the word of the Lord out 
 of Jerusalem.' ' And in the very last lines of that 
 book, and of that essay, we read : "Palestine is the 
 
 49
 
 In Memoriam 
 
 Land of Promise not only to the Jew but to the 
 entire world the promise of a higher and better 
 social order." 
 
 Upon the gates of the Third Jewish Common- 
 wealth will be inscribed the same prophetic words 
 which greeted the establishment of the Second 
 Jewish Commonwealth : 
 
 "Not by might, nor by power, 
 But by My Spirit, saith the Lord of Hosts." 
 
 And though it was denied to him to go forth as a 
 teacher and a leader of the youth in Palestine, his 
 memory will be cherished above all in Erez 
 Israel; the name, work, and example of Israel 
 Friedlaender will be an encouragement, as his 
 widow writes, "to our children, whom I hope to 
 rear to carry on his work in his spirit, in the land 
 of our fathers."
 
 Address of 
 HON. ABRAM I. ELKUS 
 
 T comes to few men in their lives to 
 speak words which savor of proph- 
 ecy, but that came to Bernard 
 Cantor, when there was a service of 
 farewell to him as he was about to depart on his 
 mission, and when he spoke these words : "In con- 
 sonance with our traditions, we again go forth to 
 serve our suffering people, and gladly do I go, and 
 I rejoice at the opportunity." And modestly did 
 he say: "I hope and I pray that I may represent 
 you truly and worthily." 
 
 It was with these words that Bernard Cantor 
 responded to the address delivered to him at the 
 service of the Free Synagogue when he said good- 
 bye. In his mind was the single thought that he 
 was to serve a suffering people, and warned 
 though he was that his services might lead him 
 into peril and even to death, he went gladly.
 
 In Memoriam 
 
 While suffering from a severe illness a short time 
 before his death, he told the young woman whom 
 he was going to marry : "If I should die it is noth- 
 ing; if I am forgotten it is nothing; if only the 
 Jews remember the cause for which I die." That 
 cause was not the advancement of any individual 
 or group of men, nor Was it the advancement of an 
 idea, but it was the advancement and furtherance 
 of an ideal the ideal of the brotherhood of man 
 and that those who suffer should be relieved. 
 
 Bernard Cantor was not only self-maintaining 
 from his early days in college, but the mainstay 
 and strength of his family. His aged mother not 
 only looked to him as the bread winner, but he 
 was the moral support and sustainer of the family 
 life. His history is a simple one of work, effort, 
 and success. It was only four years ago that he 
 graduated from the Hebrew Union College. He 
 then became a Rabbi of the Synagogue at Wichita, 
 Kansas. He made for himself, in the short time he 
 was there, a lasting name. He organized a group 
 of small synagogues in the neighboring towns. So 
 much had his name become known that last year 
 he went there to aid the American Jewish Relief 
 Committee, and his influence counted largely in 
 the results that were obtained. Three years ago 
 he came to the Free Synagogue as one of its
 
 Israel Frie^Laender-Ecrnard Cantor 
 
 Rabbis. He devoted himself whole-heartedly and 
 with great energy to the work which lay before 
 him. He was unweariedly devoted to the work 
 among children. During the influenza epidemic, 
 he organized the churches and synagogues of the 
 Central Park West district, and gathered together 
 Catholic, Protestant, and Jew in a united and serv- 
 iceable effort. When the call came for volunteers 
 to aid the suffering abroad, he did not wait to be 
 asked or to be urged, and, although burdened 
 as he was with his family responsibilities, he asked 
 that he might be permitted to go. He clearly 
 knew that it would be a serious matter for any one 
 to enter the territory to which he was going under 
 such circumstances. He did not go as a boy, eager 
 for adventure, but, as his words show, as one con- 
 secrated to service. His courage was absolute 
 and beyond question, and it was as beautiful as 
 the devotion with which it was armed. 
 
 The work which such men as Friedlaender 
 and Cantor do, the lives which such men lead, 
 and the deaths which such men die do not go 
 unheeded. They are not passed unnoticed. 
 When they die they not only leave a place which 
 is long empty and which we find difficult to fill, 
 but their acts, their deaths serve as an inspiration 
 
 53
 
 In Memoriam 
 
 and as an example to all young men and to all who 
 work with forward-looking minds. 
 
 During the time of the Great War, now hap- 
 pily over, all men and women learned perhaps 
 as never before to admire the hero. He who did 
 a brave act, who led his fellow-men into battle, 
 who suffered without complaint, was admired 
 and justly so. And when our soldiers returned 
 from abroad, all America, by its acclaim, testified 
 to the high devotion which all felt for them. But 
 there are heroes other than those who went forth 
 into battle. Side by side with the heroes of the 
 war I would place men like Friedlaender and 
 Cantor; men who knowingly took upon them- 
 selves tasks of great importance to their fellows, 
 without hope of reward in case of success, with 
 barely a passing word of thanks when all is done, 
 and well done, and with the certain knowledge 
 that what they did would lead to danger, and per- 
 haps death. Surely such men fill heroes' graves, 
 and all the world and all the Jewish people will 
 honor and revere them as real heroes. 
 
 Cantor and Friedlaender emphasized the mis- 
 sion of the Jews of America. Their deaths place 
 that mission in a high light. We were carrying 
 to the suffering, the down-trodden, and the op- 
 pressed Jews in Europe not only immediate suc- 
 
 54
 
 Israel Fnectlaender-Ecrnard Pantor 
 
 cor from starvation and misery, but we sought to 
 carry to them a greater and higher message 
 that of the equality of men, the equality of oppor- 
 tunity for men of whatever faith, and of whatever 
 creed, of whatever race. We are seeking to carry 
 to them the spirit of America, of equality within 
 the law and before the law, of equal rights under 
 the law, to tell them that the Jew in America was 
 not an exile, but one who lives in this land where 
 there is no conflict between his faith as a Jew and 
 his patriotism as a citizen. 
 
 This message has been heard and will endure, 
 although they may die. Their message has been 
 heard. And it will endure, for though they have 
 died, their eyes have seen the glory of the Lord, 
 and their souls go marching on. 
 
 55
 
 Address of 
 DR. JUDAH L. MAGNES 
 
 T is my privilege to pay a slight trib- 
 ute to my friend Israel Friedlaen- 
 der, and I hope that I may speak 
 also in the name of others of his 
 friends and fellow-workers. 
 
 When I try to realize that he is dead, I ask 
 myself the vain question why I did not see more of 
 him, talk to him more. We understood one an- 
 other even when we differed most. What a pity 
 that in the pursuit of daily tasks these opportuni- 
 ties for human friendship are permitted to pass 
 unheeded. Friends are so sure, so near at hand, 
 that we wait at times until it is too late. I want 
 to thank him here for the friendship and com- 
 panionship he showed me, for comradeship in 
 many a struggle. It is a blessed thing to have had 
 the privilege of counsel and fellowship with him. 
 What a great good fortune to have found a man 
 like him, with his ardor, his idealism, his learn-
 
 Israe 
 
 ing, his delicate sensitiveness, his clean mind, his 
 power of speech and of pen, his readiness to be of 
 service. 
 
 He was the embodiment of the Golus trying to 
 free itself. His life was a symbol of the bitter 
 tragedy and the eternal hopefulness of the Jewish 
 people. He was the mildest, the tenderest, the 
 least offensive of men. Yet he seemed to be in 
 the hands of an inexorable fate. 
 
 His life was one of only partial fulfilment. He 
 who had a love of study, of learning, came into 
 the pioneer Jewish life of America, where learn- 
 ing is still a luxury. He, whose chief character- 
 istic was cultivation and aestheticism, was used 
 as a shuttle in the hands of conflicting Jewish 
 parties. He who had a passion for the Land of 
 Israel never set eyes upon it even from afar. He, 
 whose every interest was centered in the soul, the 
 spiritual life of his people, died in distributing 
 bread for its starving body. Yet through it all, 
 though often bemoaning the intricacy and pain of 
 his own destiny, he was full of hope for the re- 
 demption of his people, and his belief grew deeper 
 with every day that through the Jewish soul, the 
 Jewish spirit, freedom and healing might be 
 brought to mankind. 
 
 57
 
 In Memonam 
 
 Strangely enough, the very restlessness of his 
 life grew from a clear, well-grounded theory. 
 All of his activities had their origin and their ex- 
 planation in his belief in the unity of the Jewish 
 people and the value of the Jewish soul. He 
 himself was a child of Eastern Europe, educated 
 in Western Europe, and the activity of his man- 
 hood lay in America, and his dreams were of 
 Palestine. But, while recognizing necessary 
 modifications in the Jewish life of every land, he 
 was thoroughly convinced of the essential unity 
 of the Jewish people, of the universality of the 
 Jewish tradition and the Jewish destiny. Through 
 all differences of religious belief and practice, 
 through all antagonisms of land, language, and 
 social outlook, through all the contradictions and 
 paradoxes of Jewish life, he maintained the old 
 Jewish truth, that the Jewish people is one, and 
 that all Jews are, willingly or no, bound up with 
 one another, and responsible for one another. 
 Being a man of universal Jewish sympathy, and 
 with experience of all types and classes of Jews 
 and of Jewish life, he set himself the teacher's 
 high task of being an interpreter of different 
 groups of Jews to one another. He had the chief 
 virtues of a great teacher he was infinitely pa- 
 tient with even the most estranged or insignificant
 
 Israel FnecHaetider '-Eernard Pantor 
 
 among the Jewish groups, and the clarity of his 
 presentation was matched only by his charm, his 
 good humor, his felicity of phrase, and his genu- 
 ine interest in his theme. He mediated between 
 the older generation and the new, through the 
 sincere piety of his life and his real modernity. 
 He mediated between conflicting Jewish parties, 
 because he understood all of them, and because 
 he realized that each of them was part and par- 
 cel of the one Jewish People. He made a constant 
 appeal for understanding and co-operation be- 
 tween Jews of the East and West European 
 origins, bringing out the spirituality of Eastern 
 Jews above all the sordidness of their daily lives, 
 and bringing out the Jewish heart of the Western 
 Jews, through all their materialism and indiffer- 
 ence to Judaism. He thought of himself, too, as 
 a builder of the bridge between the Golus and 
 Erez Israel, and between Jew and Arab in that 
 old-new land; and often he sought the occasion 
 to enunciate the formula : The Diaspora plus Pal- 
 estine. I often wonder if he himself had thought 
 through all of the implications of this simple and 
 profound phrase, and I account it as one of our 
 greatest losses that he was not spared to elabo- 
 rate this theme in many of its interesting and im- 
 portant details. But his was another fate. This 
 
 59
 
 In Memoriam 
 
 man, who drew his inspiration from the Jewish 
 past, and who glorified the possibilities of the 
 Jewish future, has been swept away in the catas- 
 trophe of the Jewish present. 
 
 In the last note I had from him, written 
 shortly before his death, he said : "I returned last 
 Sunday from a trip to Rovno and Novgorod- 
 Volynsk. I am still haunted by the sights I saw in 
 the latter city." He undertook his perilous jour- 
 ney, so I am convinced, with the courage and 
 kindliness of a Jewish knight, with the obligation 
 of Jewish nobility upon him. He, the scholar, 
 the teacher, the idealist, had always felt and em- 
 phasized first of all the nnrpn mx the tragedy 
 of Judaism, and now he determined to fathom the 
 
 D^Tirrn mx the tragedy of the Jews. He sank 
 into the bottomless deeps of Jewish agony, and 
 through the eyes of his love and his sensitiveness 
 and his hopes and dreams of his people, he saw 
 the full extent of their suffering. But I venture 
 to say that, could he speak to us to-day, it would 
 be first of all not so much of the tragedy of the 
 Jews as of the tragedy of Judaism. For what is 
 the Jewish body we are trying to save except it 
 be the vessel that contains the Jewish spirit? 
 Here again the essential harmony of his nature, 
 his love of unity, found expression. Israel and the 
 
 60
 
 soul of Israel are one they are one as fire and 
 flame. Today the spirit of Israel may weave dif- 
 ferent forms from yesterday, and to-morrow who 
 knows what of beauty, of truth, of goodness, of 
 freedom, may not come from this tortured peo- 
 ple? But always the Jewish soul is creative 
 ceaselessly, powerfully, and the long line of the 
 Jewish tradition is material out of which may be 
 fashioned men's redemption. It was this heri- 
 tage of the creative Jewish spirit that Israel 
 Friedlaender loved passionately, and all of his 
 work meant just this: to communicate this spir- 
 itual tradition and this hope to all classes and 
 conditions of the Jewish world, above all to the 
 Jewish youth. Jewish education was his life 
 work. He conceived Jewish education in a large 
 sense as the basis of the Jewish life, and he la- 
 bored without let or thought of himself, joyous 
 with every opportunity to hand down the tradi- 
 tion, the wisdom, the ideals of Judaism, and the 
 living aspirations of the living Jewish people. 
 In the Theological Seminary, the Teachers' Insti- 
 tute, the Bureau of Education of the Kehillah, in 
 company with his absent friends, Dr. Benderly 
 
 61
 
 In Memvriam 
 
 and Henrietta Szold, in the Menorah, among In- 
 tercollegiate Zionists, Young Israel, Young Ju- 
 daea, and from many pulpits and platforms which 
 were always eager to welcome him as one of the 
 community's most gifted speakers, he preached 
 the Jewish word, the Jewish revival, the power 
 and eternity of the Jewish soul. 
 
 Alas that all too often he had to preach to 
 deaf ears and hearts of stone, and that when his 
 spirit became troubled, the tragedy not so much 
 of the Jews, but of Judaism, would oppress him. 
 Almost thirteen years ago, in one of his early Eng- 
 lish addresses, he used words which we may now 
 recall : 
 
 "While our heart is aroused over the martyrs 
 that fell by the hands of violent mobs, we witness 
 with indifference the disappearance of that for 
 which they became martyrs. And while we be- 
 wail the few leaves that were plucked of our trees 
 by brutal hands, we calmly observe how large 
 sections of our foliage wither and fall off, because 
 the growing forces of the tree are too weak to 
 hold them. ... Of what avail is all the material 
 prosperity of our nation when bought at the price 
 of our spiritual death?"
 
 Israd FrieMaender -Bernard Gxntor 
 
 May it not be that the interpretation given 
 Israel Friedlaender's martyrdom by his wife, who 
 was always his helper, is true: "that his martyr- 
 dom was required so that we might remember, 
 together with the martyr, the martyr's cause"? 
 
 May Israel Friedlaender's labors, his tears, his 
 blood, "become as the dew unto Israel and sprout 
 as the lily and strike deep root as Lebanon."
 
 LETTERS, RESOLUTIONS, 
 AND TELEGRAMS
 
 From 
 FELIX M. WARBURG 
 
 September 1, 1920. 
 
 I have already given public and private utter- 
 ance to the deep personal loss which I feel in the 
 tragedy of the deaths of Professor Israel Fried- 
 laender and Dr. Bernard Cantor, and feel that 
 there is little more that I can say in the way of 
 tribute or appreciation, certainly nothing that can 
 in any sense adequately convey the sense of be- 
 reavement and the loss to the Jewish people which 
 their deaths signify. 
 
 I am writing this letter, mindful of your meet- 
 ing on Thursday evening, September 9, and be- 
 cause, unfortunately, and to my very deep regret, 
 I shall be abroad and shall be unable to be with 
 you. My thoughts, however, are with you to- 
 night, and my mind is filled with sorrow and my 
 heart with pain, that such noble lives should have 
 been sacrificed, even though the cause, that of 
 
 67
 
 In Memoriam 
 
 service to the Jewish people and service to hu- 
 manity, was the noblest cause in which they could 
 have been engaged. 
 
 The Joint Distribution Committee, in arrang- 
 ing for this Memorial Meeting, in co-operation 
 with the other organizations and societies with 
 which Dr. Friedlaender and Dr. Cantor were 
 affiliated, has endeavored, in a small way, to ex- 
 press the sentiment of Jews all over the land, who 
 desire to give public expression to a loss which 
 is irremediable. The honor you do these two 
 martyrs to the cause of Israel is not less than they 
 deserve, and they will long live in our hearts and 
 in our memories, and their example will be an in- 
 spiration to future generations yet unborn.
 
 From 
 JACOB H. SCHIFF 
 
 New York, September 7, 1920. 
 
 Upon my return here very recently I have 
 found awaiting me an invitation, issued by you, to 
 be present at the Memorial Meeting to be held 
 under the auspices of the Joint Distribution Com- 
 mittee, with the co-operation of the Seminary and 
 other bodies, in memory of Prof. Israel Fried- 
 laender and Dr. Cantor, who, while travelling as 
 Commissioners for the Joint Distribution Com- 
 mittee of the American Funds for Jewish War 
 Sufferers, suffered so tragic a death in the 
 Ukraine. 
 
 I should consider it nothing less than a privi- 
 lege and a duty to be present at this Memorial 
 Meeting next Thursday evening, but, unfortu- 
 nately, I am not in good health, and have been 
 enjoined by my physician to keep away from all
 
 In Memvriam 
 
 excitement, and, particularly, from crowded 
 meetings. 
 
 Because of this, I must deny myself the op- 
 portunity to pay this tribute of honor to the mem- 
 ory of these two men, who have brought the "su- 
 preme sacrifice" in the endeavor to help our 
 greatly suffering brethren in the Ukraine, and 
 who, by this, have implanted themselves in the 
 hearts of our coreligionists to such an extent that 
 their memories will ever remain honored when the 
 history of these dreadful times will be written. 
 
 I have known Prof. Friedlaender ever since 
 he came to the United States, and always held him 
 in high esteem and friendship because of his un- 
 selfishness and constant endeavor to serve the best 
 interests of our people wherever such service was 
 required. 
 
 My thoughts will be very thoroughly with 
 those present at the Memorial Meeting on Thurs- 
 day evening, and I regret more than I can say that 
 personal conditions prevent me from being pres- 
 ent, in lieu of which I ask to be permitted to make 
 the above expressions, to be placed upon the rec- 
 ord of the meeting. 
 
 70
 
 From 
 
 THE FACULTY OF THE UNIVERSITY 
 OF CINCINNATI 
 
 September 11, 1920. 
 
 WHEREAS the Faculty of the University of 
 Cincinnati has learned with sorrow of the death 
 in heroic service to a great cause of Rabbi Ber- 
 nard Cantor, who graduated from this University 
 with the degree of Bachelor of Arts in 1914 and 
 with the degree of Master of Arts in 1915, and 
 who taught at his Alma Mater from 1914 to 1916 
 as Assistant in Philosophy, be it resolved that we, 
 the members of the teaching staff of the Univer- 
 sity, inscribe upon the records of the institution 
 and transmit to the family of our late colleague 
 and alumnus our sense of loss in his untimely and 
 tragic death and our appreciation of his engaging 
 personality and splendid gifts of heart and mind.
 
 In Mernoriam 
 
 From The Faculty and Board of Governors 
 of the Hebrew Union College 
 
 "Precious in the eyes of the Lord is the death 
 of His saints." Jewish tradition has taught us not 
 to give the title of saint to any living person ; only 
 upon him who has glorified his Maker and the 
 faith of Israel by a martyr's death is the crown of 
 saintship bestowed. Alas! among the thousands 
 that have of late suffered martyrdom at the hands 
 of the relentless foe in darkest Russia, two per- 
 sonages dear to American Jewry will ever shine 
 forth in perennial lustre as saintly ones of the 
 Most High, who dedicated their lives to the cause 
 of their suffering brethren and fell a prey to bes- 
 tial assault: Prof. Israel Friedlaender and Rabbi 
 Bernard Cantor. With heroic courage they en- 
 tered the enemy's land to rescue the lives of their 
 coreligionists, old and young, from their cruel 
 fate ; and we can but weep and lament at the great 
 loss sustained by American Israel. 
 
 What Prof. Friedlaender was among the emi- 
 nent masters of learning, what a high position he 
 occupied as a teacher and interpreter of the Torah 
 and as a pattern of piety and loyalty to Israel's 
 faith, the authorities of the Jewish Theological 
 Seminary of America, his colleagues who bemoan
 
 Israel Frie^laender-Eernant fankor 
 
 the loss of a greatly revered and admired co- 
 worker, can best testify. 
 
 In Rabbi Bernard Cantor the Hebrew Union 
 College mourns a graduate of great promise and 
 high ideals, recognized by his teachers for his 
 zeal and love for knowledge, both secular and re- 
 ligious, and endeared to his fellow-students by his 
 traits of friendliness and kindness. As a preacher 
 at the College Chapel he displayed wisdom and 
 fervor, giving especial proof of his divine calling. 
 Tradition among the students has it that he once 
 waxed specially eloquent when he spoke from the 
 text: "By those who are nigh unto Me I shall be 
 sanctified, and before the whole people I shall be 
 honored" as if his soul had cried forth the 
 words: "The nearness of God is to be my highest 
 good." Though young in years, his pulpit and con- 
 gregational work was truly successful. But the 
 task of coming to the relief of suffering humanity 
 appealed especially to his heart. Prominent as a 
 speaker in the campaign of the American Jewish 
 Relief Committee, he developed, according to the 
 testimony of Dr. Boris Bogen and of the Jewish 
 authorities of Lemberg, into one of the most bril- 
 liant relief workers in Poland. 
 
 To the question, "What shall a man do to defy 
 death and live forever?" the sage replied: "He 
 
 73
 
 In Memoriam 
 
 should sacrifice himself in a great cause." Thus 
 Bernard Cantor earned a life perennial, shining as 
 the stars forever and aye. 
 
 And to us who stand bewildered by this fear- 
 ful blow so suddenly come upon us, and in par- 
 ticular upon the two bereaved households upon 
 a loving and devoted wife with her six children, 
 upon parents, a brother and a fiancee, justly 
 proud of their dear one comes the lesson to do 
 all that lies within our power to heal the wounds 
 that have been inflicted and to carry out the pur- 
 poses for which these sainted ones gave their lives, 
 so as to make them a source of inspiration for all 
 Jewry, of comfort to bleeding hearts, and a call 
 for justice for a world which seems well-nigh to 
 have forgotten its God. 
 
 ooo 
 
 From Professor David G. Lyon, Director of the 
 Semitic Museum, Harvard University 
 
 I share with all present here the grief at the 
 loss of these noble and useful men. With Pro- 
 fessor Friedlaender I had a slight but very pleas- 
 ing acquaintance. Since the death of President 
 Schechter he has been a member of the Com- 
 mittee whose duty it is to read the Menorah 
 
 74
 
 Israel Fnedlaender-Eernard Smtor 
 
 essays annually presented at Harvard, and to de- 
 cide on the relative merits. The carefulness, 
 promptness, and skill with which Professor Fried- 
 laender shared in this task won the admiration of 
 the other members of the Committee. His judg- 
 ments seemed to us excellent, and his spirit of 
 co-operation was ever a delight. 
 
 000 
 
 From Honorable Simon Wolf 
 
 South Poland, Me., September 7, 1920. 
 
 I regret that I cannot be present at the Memo- 
 rial Meeting. It is a fitting tribute to two noble 
 American Jews, and their cruel murder typifies 
 in a glorified sense, all that we have suffered at 
 the hands of the so-called civilization. 
 
 ooo 
 
 Telegram from Professor Henry Preserved Smith 
 on behalf of the Society of 
 Biblical Literature and Exegesis 
 
 Although unable to be present in person this 
 evening my thoughts will be with you, and I am 
 sure there will be worthy tributes to two noble 
 men. My association with Professor Friedlaender 
 
 75
 
 In Memariam 
 
 gave me the highest idea of his ability, scholar- 
 ship, and character. His death is a loss to the 
 scholarship of the world, but he is enrolled among 
 the heroes of Israel and humanity. 
 
 ooo 
 
 From Paul Baerwald, Treasurer of the 
 Joint Distribution Committee 
 
 I regret very much that absence on a much- 
 needed vacation makes it impossible for me to be 
 present at the Memorial exercises for Professor 
 Friedlaender and Dr. Cantor. I should have liked 
 to be among the large number of friends to pay 
 homage to their memory. We all know that their 
 loss adds another sad chapter to the many sad 
 chapters of Jewish history. Their spirit of sac- 
 rifice will remain a guiding light in our work. 
 
 ooo 
 
 From the Jewish Theological Seminary 
 of Berlin 
 
 Berlin N. 24, den 23. Juli 1920. 
 
 Hochverehrtes Dozentenkollegium, 
 
 Tieferschiittert sprechen wir Ihnen unser Bei- 
 leid aus zu dem tragischen Tode Ihres Kollegen
 
 Israel FnecOaender -Bernard S&nkor 
 
 Herrn Professor Israel Friedlaender. Seine Be- 
 deutung als Gelehrter brauchen wir Ihnen, die sie 
 Gelegenheit batten ihn bed seiner Arbeit zu be- 
 obachten, nicht naher zu schildern. Seien Sie aber 
 versichert, dass wir trotz der Entfernung an 
 seinen Arbeiten stets grosses Interesse genommen, 
 um so mehr, als wir die Ehre hatten, ihn zu un- 
 seren Schiilern zahlen zu diirfen. Mit Ihnen 
 betrauern wir den Verlust dieses bedeutenden 
 Gelehrten, liebenswerten Freundes und ausge- 
 zeichneten Menschen. 
 
 Mit ausgezeichneter Hochachtung 
 Rektor und Dozentenkollegium des Rabbiner- 
 seminars 
 
 V 
 Dr. J. Wohlgemuth. 
 
 ooo 
 
 From the Faculty of the Jewish Theological 
 Seminary of America 
 
 Israel Friedlaender has met an untimely death 
 in the service of his people. A life full of great 
 achievements and of still greater hope and prom- 
 ise has been cut off by murderous hands. A great 
 scholar, a versatile writer, an accomplished lin- 
 
 77
 
 In Memvriam 
 
 guist, and an inspiring teacher, he devoted all his 
 energies to the cause of his people. The whole 
 House of Israel has lost in him a valiant cham- 
 pion of her high ideals, and laments the death of 
 her loyal son. We, his colleagues of the Faculty 
 of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America, 
 who have been his co-workers and friends for 
 many years, know more than others his unselfish 
 devotion to our Institution, which he helped so 
 much to build up. He could have uttered at the 
 supreme moment the words of Rabbi Akiba, the 
 martyr of yore: 
 
 "All my life I have loved Him with all my 
 heart and with all my might, and now I rejoice 
 to seal my love for Him with my very life." 
 
 ooo 
 
 From the Students of the Jewish Theological 
 Seminary of America 
 
 The death of Professor Israel Friedlaender 
 has robbed us of a dear teacher and friend. He 
 spent his lifetime imparting to us the ideal of 
 Judaism, and in his death he set an example of 
 sacrifice for us. Together with the whole Jewish 
 people we grieve for our martyred leader and 
 scholar. We feel most keenly our personal loss
 
 Israel Fnattaender-Rerwrd Pantor 
 
 which the memory of his intimate relationship 
 makes more poignant. The ennobling influences 
 of his life are an inspiration to us which we shall 
 ever cherish. 
 
 OPO 
 
 From the Council of Jews' College, London 
 
 July 20, 1920. 
 
 The Council of Jews' College, at a meeting 
 held last Monday, unanimously resolved to convey 
 to the Jewish Theological Seminary an expres- 
 sion of its deep sympathy in the loss your institu- 
 tion has sustained by the tragic death, while hero- 
 ically serving the cause of Jewry, of Professor 
 Israel Friedlaender, a distinguished member of 
 your faculty, a Jewish scholar of world-wide re- 
 nown, and a friend of several of the members of 
 the Council of the College, as well as of many 
 other English Jews. 
 
 000 
 
 From the Directors of the 
 
 Jewish Theological Seminary of America 
 
 The Board of Directors of the Jewish Theolog- 
 ical Seminary of America recording its sorrow at 
 
 79
 
 In Memoriam 
 
 the great loss sustained in the tragic death of Pro- 
 fessor Israel Friedlaender and its deep apprecia- 
 tion of his wide scholarship and great devotion to 
 the welfare of the Jewish people, directs this min- 
 ute to be entered upon the proceedings of its meet- 
 ing. 
 
 In the decade and a half that Professor Fried- 
 laender filled the Sabato Morais professorship of 
 Biblical Literature and in the divers other offices 
 that he performed at the Seminary he gave his 
 great ability and energy to the advancement of 
 our institution and to the promotion of Jewish 
 learning. 
 
 Professor Friedlaender died in the service of 
 the Jewish people and his memory will be held in 
 honor in the annals of Israel. 
 
 We respectfully tender to his wife and family 
 our deep sympathy, and pray that God may send 
 them consolation in their bereavement. 
 
 ooo 
 
 From the Faculty of the Yeshibah of 
 
 Rabbi Isaac Elhanan through Dr. Bernard Revel 
 
 In the name of the Faculty of the Yeshibah of 
 Rabbi Isaac Elhanan I express to you herewith our 
 deep sorrow and sympathy in your great loss in
 
 Israel FritMaender-Rernard Pantor 
 
 the death of the great scholar, Doctor Israel Fried- 
 laender of blessed memory, who fell by the hands 
 of murderers while on his mission of mercy to his 
 brethren. 
 
 Our people, and Jewish scholarship, have sus- 
 tained a great and irreparable loss in his death 
 and "the whole House of Israel bewails the burn- 
 ing which the Lord hath kindled." 
 
 May the Lord see the affliction of his people 
 and send comfort to you and to all who mourn 
 with you among the rest of those who mourn for 
 Zion and Jerusalem. 
 
 ooo 
 
 From the Joint Distribution Committee of the 
 American Funds for Jewish War Sufferers 
 
 Israel Friedlaender gave up his life in the 
 cause of humanity and in the service of the Jew- 
 ish people. Throughout the period of the war, 
 which brought them hardship unequalled by that 
 of any other people, his voice and his pen were 
 constantly employed in bringing a knowledge of 
 their condition to the consciousness of the Ameri- 
 can people. This he did especially through his pub- 
 lished volume, "The Jews of Russia and Poland," 
 and by translating and editing the great "History 
 
 81
 
 In Menwriam 
 
 of the Jews in Russia and Poland," by S. M. Dub- 
 now. Beside these larger services, he was for a 
 long time a member of this Committee, serving on 
 the sub-committee to draft a plan for reconstruc- 
 tion work and as Chairman of the Committee on 
 Russia, for which his special knowledge particu- 
 larly qualified him. In this Committee and in our 
 general work he rendered most important serv- 
 ices. His heart was strongly drawn toward the 
 land of Israel, and when the Committee was asked 
 to nominate a representative to accompany the 
 Red Cross Commission to Palestine, he was our 
 unanimous choice for the work, for which he 
 gladly offered himself; he was, unfortunately, pre- 
 vented from going. 
 
 Later, when more definite knowledge of the 
 conditions in the Ukraine reached this country and 
 gave rise to a strong popular sentiment for mak- 
 ing an effort to plan relief work for these suffer- 
 ers, the entire subject was referred to the Com- 
 mittee of which he was Chairman, and in sending 
 a report recommending that a Commission be sent 
 to the Ukraine, he offered himself as a member 
 of the Commission. It was in the Ukraine, in the 
 course of his work, that he met his tragic death. 
 
 Professor Friedlaender was a distinguished 
 scholar, his range of knowledge covering the 
 
 82
 
 Israel Friectlaenclef '-Bernard &mtor 
 
 entire field of Jewish learning, but he was of par- 
 ticular eminence in the department of Bible, His- 
 tory, and Philosophy. To all these subjects, as 
 well as to Arabic and Mohammedan learning, he 
 made distinguished contributions. He had been a 
 teacher, first at the University of Strassburg, and 
 since 1903 at the Jewish Theological Seminary of 
 America, practically throughout his mature life, 
 and combined with clearness of thinking great 
 facility in imparting knowledge and a genuine 
 human sympathy for his students which earned 
 for him at once their admiration and love. His 
 interest in his students was not confined to their 
 intellectual advancement, he was deeply solicitous 
 for their physical, their social, and their spiritual 
 welfare. 
 
 His devotion to traditional Judaism was exem- 
 plified in his own life, and was profound and con- 
 sistent. This devotion and his labors for the Jew- 
 ish educational institutions in the United States 
 and especially in New York City, through the 
 Teachers' Institute, Educational Alliance, the 
 Bureau of Education, Young Judaea, and numer- 
 ous similar organizations, and his active partici- 
 pation were strong factors in bringing about some 
 greatly needed improvements in the educational 
 system. 
 
 83
 
 In Memoriam 
 
 He was deeply devoted to the Zionist Cause 
 and to the re-establishment of the people of Israel 
 in the Holy Land, and both by his pen and by his 
 personal influence greatly advanced that move- 
 ment in America. 
 
 He was a man of fine intellectual attainments, 
 broad general culture, sweet, gentle and forgiv- 
 ing disposition, and by these qualities he endeared 
 himself to an ever-widening circle, not only in the 
 city in which he had chosen his residence, but 
 throughout the land. 
 
 The fame of his learning and the charm of his 
 character were known to men in other countries, 
 and had extended far beyond the confines of 
 America. The members of this Committee, tes- 
 tifying as they do to his distinction and worth, 
 record at the same time their deep sense of grief 
 and sorrow at the loss of a personal friend. His 
 memory will ever be sweet and sacred to them. 
 
 To his family we offer our sincere and heart- 
 felt sympathy and utter the prayer that God may 
 bring them consolation and that they may be 
 strengthened in the thought that the Jewish peo- 
 ple everywhere share in their grief. 
 
 The Committee places upon record its sorrow 
 and deep sense of loss in the tragic death of Rabbi 
 Bernard Cantor. Rabbi Cantor, who was gradu-
 
 Israel fnedlaender- Bernard &ntor 
 
 ated at the Hebrew Union College, had been for 
 three years in charge of the Free Synagogue at 
 Flushing. He early revealed himself as a young 
 man of inexhaustible energy and of splendid 
 promise of consecration to the ideal of service. 
 During the influenza epidemic of two years ago 
 he had without thought of himself, and at the 
 greatest risk, engaged in the work of visiting and 
 nursing the sufferers. When there was a call for 
 volunteers to be allowed to go to Poland, he was 
 one of the first to petition the Committee to be 
 allowed to go on this mission. It was with the 
 courage begot of a willingness to serve his people 
 that he entered upon our work in Poland, and with 
 a full knowledge of the dangers of his task this 
 promising young life was cut off. 
 
 The Committee tenders to his family its sin- 
 cerest and deepest sympathy and trust that they 
 may have the courage to meet their loss with the 
 same bravery that he offered his life. 
 
 ooo 
 
 From Mr. Charles J. Ogden, Corresponding 
 Secretary, American Oriental Society 
 
 New York, Sept. 8, 1920. 
 
 Your letter of the 1st was not received until 
 to-day, and I hasten to reply, in order that this 
 
 85
 
 In Memoriam 
 
 may reach you before the evening of the Memorial 
 Meeting. As the Executive Committee of the 
 American Oriental Society has not had a meet- 
 ing during the summer, it has not been possible 
 for us to pass a formal resolution upon the death 
 of Dr. Friedlaender, but I may say what would 
 be the sentiment of all, that this sudden and un- 
 timely taking away while he was engaged in an 
 errand of mercy has deeply grieved us, and we 
 shall greatly miss the contributions that he would 
 surely have made to the scholarly work of our 
 Society. 
 
 ooo 
 
 From Lillian D. Wold 
 
 New York City, Sept. 8, 1920. 
 
 Thank you very much for giving me the priv- 
 ilege of joining you in the Memorial Service to 
 Dr. Cantor and Professor Friedlaender. I shall 
 be glad to have my name associated with those 
 friends of Dr. Cantor and Professor Friedlaender, 
 who honor their memory by this meeting. Dr. 
 Cantor and Professor Friedlaender offered their 
 lives when they undertook the fatal mission. 
 They had both demonstrated exalted public spirit 
 and devotion to their people, and though friends
 
 Israel Fnecttaenclet '-Bernard Pardor 
 
 mourn their martyrdom, at the same time, they 
 must feel some sad satisfaction in knowing that 
 in dying these two served their cause as they had 
 served the cause so dear to their hearts while 
 living. 
 
 ODD 
 
 Telegram from Henry Wdllerstein 
 
 Wichita, Kans., Aug. 21, 1920. 
 
 Sincerely regret will be impossible to send 
 representative to Memorial Services. Assure you, 
 however, that the entire community of Wichita 
 will be with you in spirit on that occasion. Dr. 
 Bernard Cantor was highly esteemed in this com- 
 munity, and his tragic death fell like a pall upon 
 the hearts and minds of all who knew him, a gen- 
 eral feeling of sincere sorrow and regret. 
 
 ooo 
 
 From the Intercollegiate Menorah Association 
 
 New York, August 13, 1920. 
 
 Professor Friedlaender had been on our Board 
 of Governors, and since the very beginning of our 
 organization has been a source of very great in-
 
 In Memoriam 
 
 spiration and help. His untimely death is a stag- 
 gering loss to us as well as to the community as 
 a whole. Rabbi Cantor, too, was a helpful friend 
 to the Menorah and we mourn his loss. 
 
 000 
 
 Telegram from Congregation Rodef Sholem 
 
 Wabash, Ind., August 14, 1920. 
 We are very proud to have our name included 
 in your program for September 9, and are very 
 proud to say that Mr. Cantor was our spiritual 
 leader for several years, and his influence in our 
 community is still felt. 
 
 000 
 
 Telegram from B. Z. Ginsberg, Chairman, 
 W. B. Swellman, Secretary 
 
 Newark, N. J., Sept. 9, 1920. 
 We, representing the Newark Jewry, join you 
 in memory of our immortal heroes, Professor Is- 
 rael Friedlaender and Dr. Bernard Cantor. May 
 the spirit of the Kedoshim live forever in Israel. 
 
 ooo
 
 Israel Friecttaende? '-Bernard ffantor 
 
 Telegram from Rabbi L. M. Epstein, Boston 
 
 I join you and all Israel in mourning the death 
 of my master, Dr. Friedlaender. 
 
 ooo 
 
 Telegram from S. J. Rosenblatt 
 
 Chicago, Sept. 9, 1920. 
 
 On behalf of the officers and members of the 
 Chicago Joint Relief Committee for Jewish War 
 Sufferers I join you in paying tribute to our two 
 noble martyrs, Professor Israel Friedlaender and 
 Doctor Bernard Cantor, who have laid down their 
 lives for the service of Judaism and humanity. 
 Tears alone will not express our grief in this great 
 loss, but to resolve to carry on the work for the 
 cause for which they lived and died should be the 
 greatest monument to their consecrated mem- 
 ories. 
 
 ooo 
 
 Telegram from Yarmolinitzer Relief Society 
 
 Brooklyn, Sept. 9, 1920. 
 
 Together with the Jewry the world over the 
 Yarmolinitzer Relief Society mourns the loss of
 
 In Memoriam 
 
 Professor Friedlaender and Dr. Cantor, who have 
 made the supreme sacrifice while rendering relief 
 to their war and pogrom ridden brethren. The 
 two graves at Yarmolihstzi will always remind 
 the Jews of the Ukraine that the American Jews 
 are not forgetting them, and will, whenever pos- 
 sible, bring them material and moral help. 
 
 000 
 
 Telegram from Charles Silberman 
 
 Des Moines, la., Sept. 9, 1920. 
 
 Regret I cannot be present tonight to pay 
 homage to our distinguished martyr who gave his 
 life in the effort to help his stricken brethren. Pro- 
 fessor Friedlaender's death was a great loss to the 
 Jewish people. 
 
 ooo 
 
 Telegram from Rabbi Meyer Berlin 
 
 New York, Sept. 9, 1920. 
 
 Extremely sorry am prevented from being 
 present at Memorial Meeting. Express in behalf 
 of Mizrachi organization and myself our grief at 
 the loss of the martyrs to the Jewish cause, the 
 
 90
 
 Israel Ffiecllaender- -Bernard &mtor 
 
 great scholar and noble Jew, Dr. Israel Friedlaen- 
 der, and Dr. Cantor. May their families be com- 
 forted among the mourners of Zion. 
 
 ooo 
 
 s 
 
 Telegram from Rabbi Nerzminer 
 
 Berlin, July 28, 1920. 
 Tieferschuettert condoliert. 
 
 ooo 
 
 Telegram from Rabbi Leo M. Franklin 
 President Central Conference 
 of American Rabbis 
 
 News of the tragic murder of Professor Fried- 
 laender and Dr. Cantor while in pursuit of their 
 errand of mercy deeply shocked my colleagues of 
 the Central Conference of American Rabbis. 
 Through me they would voice their sincere sym- 
 pathy for their death and their full appreciation 
 of the heroic lives of these men whose names are 
 now added to the long list of Israel's martyrs. 
 
 000
 
 In Menumam 
 
 Telegram from Prof. G. Deutsch, Avondale 
 
 To you and to the family of Professor Fried- 
 laender I convey my deepest condolence with the 
 loss which is an irreparable loss to our cause. 
 Admiration for his martyrdom will forever be 
 combined with the sorrow at the premature end- 
 ing of his career full of brilliant promise. 
 
 ooo 
 
 Telegram from Rabbi C. David Matt 
 J. H. Schanfeld, President 
 
 Minneapolis, Sept. 9, 1920. 
 
 Adath Yeshurun Synagogue, Minneapolis, 
 joins in mourning Israel Friedlaender and Bernard 
 Cantor, martyrs on their errand of mercy, but 
 glory that Israel has such sons. 
 
 ooo 
 
 Telegram, from L. Zuckerman, Chairman 
 Rabbi Simon Glazer, Nathaniel F. Cantor 
 
 Kansas City, Mo., Sept. 9, 1920. 
 
 United Greater Kansas Jewry deeply mourns 
 the tragic death of our national martyrs, Professor 
 Israel Friedlaender and Dr Bernard Cantor. 
 
 ooo
 
 Israel Fwtftaender-Eernanl &ndor 
 
 Telegram from Adolph Copeland 
 
 Chicago, Sept. 9, 1920. 
 
 Chicago Branch of Seminary mourns with you 
 in our great loss. 
 
 ooo 
 
 Telegram from Rabbi Samuel Benjamin 
 
 Cleveland, Sept. 9, 1920. 
 
 The members of the Cleveland Jewish Centers 
 express their deep grief in the terrible loss our 
 people have sustained in the murder of Professor 
 Israel Friedlaender, and extend their heartfelt 
 sympathy to the bereaved family. May the Al- 
 mighty comfort them among all those who mourn 
 for Zion. 
 
 ooo 
 
 Telegram from S. Egdall, General Secretary 
 
 Boston, Sept. 9, 1920. 
 
 We sincerely join in mourning the memory of 
 comrades Friedlaender and Cantor. Independent 
 Workmen's Circle of America, Inc. 
 
 ooo 
 
 93
 
 In Memoriam 
 
 Telegram from Wilner Family 
 
 Tannersville, N. Y., Sept 9, 1920. 
 
 Are very sorry not to be present at the meet- 
 ing to pay tribute to the one who lived and died. 
 
 ooo 
 
 Telegram from Rabbi David Aronson 
 
 Salt Lake, Utah, Sept. 8, 1920. 
 
 Rabbi David Aronson and Congregation Mon- 
 tefiore of Salt Lake City share with all Jewry the 
 great grief at the massacre of Professor Israel 
 Friedlaender and Doctor Cantor. They died as 
 they lived, in the service of their people. Their 
 blessed memories will ever be honored by all 
 Israel. 
 
 000 
 
 Telegram from Mrs. Leon Waldman 
 
 Chicago, Sept. 9, 1920. 
 
 The Women's League of Chicago mourn with 
 you for our dear Doctor Friedlaender. We pre- 
 sent a yearly scholarship to the Seminary to per- 
 petuate his name. 
 
 000 
 
 94
 
 Israel FiiecHaender-Eernarcl &mtor 
 
 Telegram from Columbia Local Central 
 Relief Committee 
 
 Columbia, S. C., 9-9-20. 
 
 Beg to extend heartfelt sympathy to bereaved, 
 and join in mourning the loss. 
 
 000 
 
 Telegram from Herman Spivak, Chicago 
 
 The United Synagogue of Chicago mourn 
 with you for our unfortunate teacher. With God's 
 help, we will here perpetuate his inspiring 
 memory. 
 
 ooo 
 
 Telegram from Dr. L. Silver, Chairman,, 
 People's Relief of Greater Boston 
 
 The People's Relief Committee of Greater 
 Boston expresses its sorrow and horror over the 
 tragic death of our noble relief co-workers, Dr. 
 Israel Friedlaender and Rabbi Bernard Cantor, 
 who sacrificed their worthy lives for the cause of 
 suffering Israel. May the broadcast sympathy of 
 American Jewry be a consolation to the survivors 
 of our martyrs. 
 
 ooo 
 
 95
 
 In Memoriam 
 
 Telegram from Bnai Jeshurun Temple 
 Solomon Goldman, Rabbi, Cleveland 
 
 We join with you in mourning the tremendous 
 loss sustained by the Jewish people in the death 
 of Israel Friedlaender. 
 
 000 
 
 Telegram from New England Bureau for the 
 Jewish Relief, Lewis E. Kirstein, Chairman 
 Boston 
 
 The Jews of New England are one with you 
 and the rest of American Jewry in bewailing the 
 tragic death of our noble heroes, Professor Israel 
 Friedlaender and Rabbi Bernard Cantor. Let us 
 redeem their supreme sacrifice and commemorate 
 their names by increasing our efforts for the cause 
 in which they have died. 
 
 ooo 
 
 From Julius A. Bewer, 
 
 Professor in Union Theological Seminary, 
 
 New York 
 
 It is with deep and genuine regret that I find 
 myself prevented from attending the Memorial 
 Meeting: for Drs. Friedlaender and Cantor, for I 
 
 06
 
 Israel Fne&aender-Rernard flzntor 
 
 should have loved to give expression not only to 
 my own high regard and personal affection for 
 Professor Friedlaender, but also to represent the 
 Society of Biblical Literature and Exegesis which 
 has lost in him an active and distinguished mem- 
 ber. We were all shocked and grieved by the news 
 of his cruel death, for we knew that he was one 
 of the few choice personalities who had a great 
 mission to perform, not only in the world of 
 scholarship, but also as a leader among his own 
 people. His exquisite moral and spiritual refine- 
 ment combined with his deep and luminous learn- 
 ing and his great modesty in making him one of 
 the most winsome men, whose beautiful person- 
 ality charmed and enriched his friends, and whose 
 memory abides as a precious benediction with 
 them. 
 
 We join with his family and with Judaism in 
 general in mourning over his sad end and in re- 
 joicing over the continued blessing of his gracious 
 life. 
 
 coo 
 
 From Dr. Solomon Solis Cohen 
 
 In to-day's N. Y. "Times" I see that there will 
 be to-morrow night a Memorial Meeting for Dr. 
 Friedlaender. 
 
 97
 
 In Mcmoriam 
 
 Were it possible for me to reach New York 
 in time I would wish to testify my reverence for 
 his memory by attending the meeting, but as that 
 is not possible, I am writing in the hope that this 
 may reach you, and that you will make a suitable 
 expression of regret in my behalf, to Mrs. Fried- 
 laender or her representative. 
 
 000 
 
 Resolutions Adopted by the 
 
 Central Committee 
 
 for the Relief of Jews Suffering Through the War 
 
 New York, July 15, 1920. 
 
 The Central Committee for the Relief of Jews 
 Suffering Through the War, learning with pro- 
 found sorrow and inexpressible horror of the 
 deaths of Professor Israel Friedlaender and Dr. 
 Bernard Cantor, desires to spread upon its minutes 
 the following resolution: 
 
 RESOLVED: That in the sad deaths of our 
 brave comrades has occurred one of the most ter- 
 rible tragedies since the Great War. Professor 
 Friedlaender and Dr. Cantor, while working for 
 the cause of liberty and humanity and while offer- 
 ing assistance and aid to all unfortunates alike,
 
 Israel FneMaender -Bernard Gzntor 
 
 fell into the hands of despoilers and murderers, 
 and by their untimely death have shown a spirit 
 of heroism and sacrifice that shall ever make their 
 memory sacred and precious. 
 
 The self-assumed duty performed by them 
 through their devotion to our people in their holy 
 mission and their willingness to endanger their 
 lives for the cause they held so dear are shining 
 examples of consecration to the service of Judaism 
 and humanity. 
 
 Be it further resolved that this declaration of 
 profound sympathy be extended to the bereaved 
 relatives of the deceased and that copies thereof 
 be forwarded to the Joint Distribution Committee 
 and to all the branches of the Central Relief 
 Committee. 
 
 ooo 
 
 From the Order Brith Abraham 
 
 New York, July 15, 1920. 
 
 On behalf of the United States Grand Lodge, 
 Order Brith Abraham, as well as myself, I desire 
 to express heartfelt condolence to the families of 
 the late Professor Israel Friedlaender and Rabbi 
 Bernard Cantor, both of whom were well known 
 to me. 
 
 99
 
 In Memoriam 
 
 I can hardly find words to voice my sorrow at 
 the loss of these two great men, who have sacri- 
 ficed their lives in a mission of humanity. 
 
 That Divine Providence may give the widow 
 and children of the late Professor Friedlaender, 
 and the mother of Rabbi Cantor, strength and 
 fortitude to bear the sad misfortune which has 
 befallen them, is the earnest prayer of our mem- 
 bers, as well as myself. 
 
 American Jewry has lost two great leaders: 
 their places will be hard to fill. 
 
 (Signed) SAMUEL DORF, Grand Master. 
 
 100
 
 JOINT DISTRIBUTION COMMITTEE 
 
 OF THE 
 
 American Funds for Jewish "War Sufferers 
 
 REPRESENTING 
 
 AMERICAN JEWISH RELIEF COMMITTEE 
 CENTRAL RELIEF COMMITTEE 
 PEOPLE'S RELIEF COMMITTEE 
 
 FELIX M. WARBURG, Chairman 
 COL. HERBERT H. LEHMAN, 
 
 Vice-Chairman 
 ALBERT LUCAS, Secretary 
 
 PAUL BAERWALD, Treasurer 
 WM. ERDMANN, Associate Treas. 
 MRS. HARRIET B. L. GOLDSTEIN, 
 Comptroller 
 
 The Joint Distribution Committee 
 
 DR. CYRUS ADLER 
 
 PAUL BAERWAI.D 
 
 RABBI MEYER BERLIN 
 
 STANLEY BERO 
 
 JACOB BILLIKOPF 
 
 DR. BORIS D. BOCEN 
 
 DAVID M. BRESSLER 
 
 DAVID A. BROWN 
 
 FULTON BRYLAWSKI 
 
 RABBI EDWARD H. CALISH 
 
 SAMUEL DORF 
 
 JUDGE ABRAM I. ELKUS 
 
 MORRIS ENGELMAN 
 
 E. W. LEWIN EPSTEIN 
 
 WM. ERDMANN 
 
 HARRY FISCHEL 
 
 JUDGE HARRY M. FISHER 
 
 MORTIMER FLEISHHACKER 
 
 DR. LEE K. FRANKEL 
 
 J. WALTER FREIBERG 
 
 DR. HARRY FRIEDENWALD 
 
 FELIX FULD 
 
 HOWARD S. CANS 
 
 Miss HETTY GOLDMAN 
 
 DR. JULIUS GOLDMAN 
 
 MRS. HARRIET B. L. GOLDSTEIN 
 
 I. E. GOLDWASSER 
 
 COL. H. A. GUINZBURC 
 
 MRS. JANET SIMMONS HARRIS 
 
 A. HELD 
 
 ISIDOR HERSHFIELD 
 
 RABBI EMIL G. HIRSCH 
 
 BERNARD HORWICH 
 
 Louis ISAACS 
 
 J. G. JOSEPH 
 
 ALEXANDER KAHN 
 
 LEON KAMAIKY 
 
 Louis KIRSTEIN 
 
 RABBI Louis J. KOPALD 
 
 RABBI NATHAN KRASS 
 
 ALBERT D. LASKER 
 
 ARTHUR LEHMAN 
 
 COL. HERBERT H. LEHMAN 
 
 JULIUS LEVY 
 
 JACOB D. LIT 
 
 HON. MEYER LONDON 
 
 DR. SOLOMON LOWENSTEIN 
 
 ALBERT LUCAS 
 
 JUDGE JULIAN W. MACK 
 
 RABBI JUDAH L. MACNES 
 
 RABBI M. Z. MARGOLIES 
 
 Louis MARSHALL 
 
 JOSEPH MICHAELS 
 
 HON. HENRY MORCENTHAU 
 
 SAMUEL PHILLIPSON 
 
 MAX PINE 
 
 SAMUEL E. RAUH 
 
 HON. OTTO A. ROSALSKY 
 
 DR. FRANK F. ROSENBLATT 
 
 HENRY B. ROSENFELT 
 
 JULIUS ROSENWALD 
 
 MORRIS ROTHENBERC 
 
 ABRAHAM SCHEPPER 
 
 HON. LEON SANDERS 
 
 JOSEPH H. SCHANFELD 
 
 COL. MOSES SCHOENBERG 
 
 MAX SENIOR 
 
 MRS. ABRAM SIMON 
 
 NAT STONE 
 
 HON. NATHAN STRAUS 
 
 HON. OSCAR S. STRAUS 
 
 LEWIS STRAUSS 
 
 CYRUS L. SULZBERGER 
 
 HON. MAYER SULZBERGER 
 
 RABBI AARON TEITELBAUM 
 
 Louis TOPKIS 
 
 MARION TRAVIS 
 
 COL. ISAAC M. ULLMAN 
 
 B. C. VLADECK 
 
 FELIX M. WARBURG 
 
 A. LEO WEIL 
 
 COL. HARRIS WEINSTOCK 
 
 PETER WIERNIK 
 
 RABBI STEPHEN S. WISE 
 
 A. C. WURMSER 
 
 ABRAHAM ZUCKER
 
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