THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 LOS ANGELES
 
 - 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 " 
 
 ■ 
 
 ■ >J
 
 nir: 
 
 HISTORY AND ANTIQUITIES 
 
 THE CATHEDRAL CHURCH 
 
 ILLUSTRATED BY 
 
 A SERIES OF ENGRAVINGS, 
 
 OF 
 
 VIEWS, PLANS, ELEVATIONS, SECTIONS, AND DETAILS 
 
 OF THAT EDIFICE; 
 
 Etograptwal anrrootrs of tbt Btafcopa, 
 
 OTHER EMINENT PERSONS CONNECTED WITH THE CHURCH. 
 
 BY 
 
 JOHN RRITTON, F.S.A. 
 
 ZonDon : 
 
 PRINTED FOE LONGMAN, HURST, REES, ORME, AND BROWN, PATERNOSTER ROW; 
 
 J. TAYLOR, 59, HIGH HOLBORN; 
 AND THE AUTHOR, BURTON COTTAGE, BURTON STREET. 
 
 18-21.
 
 C. WuiLlingliam, College House, Cliiswick.
 
 71 
 
 &<o3? 
 
 
 TO 
 
 THE RIGHT REVEREND 
 
 THOMAS BURGESS, D. D. 
 
 LORD BISHOP OF ST. DAVID'S, 
 
 DEAN OF BRECON, PREBENDARY OF DURHAM, 
 F.R. AND A.S. ETC. 
 
 AUTHOR OF SEVERAL LEARNED AND INTERESTING WORKS 
 ON THE HISTORY AND PRINCIPLES OF THE 
 
 ar&mttan crtmrcf), 
 
 AS WELL AS ON VARIOUS SUBJECTS 
 OF ANTIQUITY AND CLASSICAL LITERATURE ; 
 
 THIS VOLUME, 
 
 IS RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED BY 
 
 J. BRIXTON. 
 
 London, May 1, 1821.
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 Although the Cathedral of Oxford is not so large, so diversified 
 in its architecture, so rich in its details, or so interesting in its mo- 
 numents and history, as the generality of our English cathedrals ; 
 yet it presents considerable claims to the attention of the architec- 
 tural and ecclesiastical antiquary. In preparing the accompanyino- 
 letter-press, I have carefully collated and compared all the pub- 
 lished accounts of this edifice, and have adduced all the facts and 
 probable evidence that I could obtain, to elucidate its history. It 
 is to be regretted that these have not proved more abundant and 
 satisfactory; but I presume that in the collections of Anthony 
 a, Wood, and Gutch ; Dugdale, and his late editors, Caley, Ellis, 
 and Bandinell ; Chalmers, and other local writers, every archive 
 and original document, any ways connected with this fabric, have 
 been consulted, and their most essential parts brought forward. I 
 own it would have gratified me had I been enabled to consult the 
 " Registers of St. Frideswide's Priory;" one of which is preserved 
 in the chapter-house of Christ Church ; but I was informed that it 
 would only be a loss of time, as it had been carefully and often ex- 
 amined already for the purpose of elucidating the history of the 
 Priory and Church. 
 
 In representing the architecture of this edifice, I have thought it 
 advisable to give such sections, elevations, and details, as were 
 calculated to display the true forms of the arches, and peculiar de- 
 corative members ; and thus afford the architectural antiquary ma- 
 terials by which he might make comparisons, and deduce infer- 
 ences. This is rendered the more material from the very inaccu- 
 rate prints in King's " Munimenta Antiqua," Carter's " Antient 
 Architecture," and other works. It would have been easy to have 
 produced more effective and picturesque prints; and thereby have 
 pleased such persons as prefer pretty pictures, and striking con- 
 trasts of light and shadow, to the more useful, scientific, and satis- 
 factory mode of accurate delineation by architectural elevations, 
 sections, and plans. 
 
 On reviewing the Prints in this volume, I am however willing to 
 acknowledge that they are inferior in picturesque effect and style 
 of finishing to those of my former Cathedrals. This has arisen 
 from various causes which are irremediable, but which I am confi- 
 
 a
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 dent will be obviated in the embellishments of subsequent works. 
 I cannot indeed submit to any " falling off;" or allow the " Cathe- 
 dral Antiquities" to deteriorate in style or character, as they ad- 
 vance in pi-ogress. If I cease to deserve the confidence and pa- 
 tronage of those persons who have generously encouraged me thus 
 far, I am well aware they will cease their patronage ; for our coin- 
 pact is mutual : theirs to derive information and gratification, and 
 mine to afford it by eagerly seeking to secure the same to myself. 
 
 It is my wish, as it is my duty, to please all classes of readers, if 
 possible ; but when this cannot be done, I must endeavour to satisfy 
 the demands of those who are presumed to have the most taste on 
 such subjects, and improve the knowledge and judgment of others 
 who are not too arrogant to receive instruction, or too obstinately 
 determined in their own theories to admit the evidence of facts. 
 When I commenced the " Cathedral Antiquities," I fancied that 
 perspective and picturesque views of those noble edifices, would 
 be satisfactory to nearly all classes of readers ; but I soon perceived 
 my error, and found that they afforded no practical information to 
 the architect, or to the fastidious antiquary. They required correct 
 geometrical elevations, sections, and details ; because these only 
 gave the true forms and proportions of arches, columns, and other 
 members of buildings. Some perspective views are now, as they 
 will hereafter, be introduced, principally to show the effects of a 
 whole building, or of such portions as are distinguished for archi- 
 tectural beauty, grandeur, or combination. 
 
 To Dr. Smith, the treasurer of Christ Church, I present my 
 best acknowledgments for many acts of civility : to John Nash, 
 Esq., architect to the king; to the Rev. Jos. Coneybeare, and 
 to the Ret. James Ingram, I am also obliged for kind and 
 friendly assistance in promoting my researches. 
 
 The present history and illustrations have been long in progress, 
 but unavoidable delays have arisen, from causes, which I could 
 not control ; a detail of which it will be useless to repeat. The 
 work is now respectfully submitted to the kindness and candour 
 of the reader ; and it is confidently hoped that he will exercise 
 both these generous qualities in the examination of, and in his 
 comments on, its execution. 
 
 The History and Illustrations of Canterbury Cathedral will 
 immediately follow, and it is calculated that the volume will be com- 
 pleted in March, 1822.
 
 $t0torp ant> Slnttqutties 
 
 OF 
 
 OXFORD CATHEDRAL CHURCH. 
 
 <£Ijap. E. 
 
 PECULIARITIES OF THIS CATHEDRAL: STORY OF ST. FRIDESWIDE, AND 
 
 OF ALGAR : — SUCCESSIVE OCCUPANTS OF THE PRIORY: — FOUNDATION, 
 ETC. OF CARDINAL COLLEGE, OR CHRIST CHURCH. 
 
 There are peculiarities in the history and architecture of Oxford cathe- 
 dral which cannot be uninteresting to the antiquary and to the general 
 reader. As part of an antient monastic foundation 1 , and of a modern pro- 
 testant establishment, as a chapel to a noble college, and as connected 
 with many distinguished personages and national events, the see and church 
 now under consideration, will be found to afford abundant materials for 
 the historian and the architectural antiquary. Associated as they are with 
 the most famous college of the kingdom, it will be almost impossible to 
 separate the annals of the one from those of the others ; yet it will be the 
 primary object of the present work to develope the history of the Cathe- 
 dral, and limit its views chiefly to the fabric and to its immediate appen- 
 dages. In order to render this intelligible, we must necessarily advert to 
 
 ■ Cardinal College, — Henry VIII's College — Christ Church or College, has grown out of two 
 dissolved monasteries of black canons; — i. e. the Abbey of Oseney and the Priory of St. Frides- 
 wide.
 
 6 OXFORD CATHEDRAL. 
 
 the first foundation of a religious house on this site, and we must also notice 
 the monkish romance or legendary fable respecting its founders. The latter 
 is regarded by many persons as an essential part of monastic or ecclesias- 
 tical history; but to the rational inquirer, it can only serve to illustrate 
 the lamentable ignorance and weakness of one class of the community, and 
 the impositions practised by another. 
 
 A convent was built and endowed here early in the eighth century, hy 
 Didan, who has been called by some writers a sub-regulus, or viceroy 2 , by 
 others a duke, and again a king of Oxford 3 ; all evidently erroneous titles. 
 He was probably one of the Mercian earls. His daughter Frideswide, 
 with twelve other " noble virgins," having devoted themselves to monastic 
 seclusion, were established in a convent here; which was dedicated to St. 
 Mary and All Saints 1 . In this sacred retreat Frideswide unfortunately 
 attracted the criminal desires of Algar, a Mercian Prince 5 , from whose 
 importunities she escaped to a i - etired place, called Benton, or Benson, 
 or Bensington, about ten miles from Oxford, where she was for some 
 time concealed from her lover; but being afterwards discovered and pur- 
 sued, she returned to Oxford, followed so closely by Algar that she began 
 to despair of security by her own exertions, and fervently implored the 
 protection of heaven, which suddenly interposed in defence of the purity 
 of the fair votary, by an awful miracle. As he entered the city, Algar 
 was struck with blindness ; which severe visitation brought him to a sense 
 of his impiety. With great contrition he implored the intercession of 
 Frideswide for restoration to sight, Avhich the virgin compassionately 
 granted ; and so effectual were her prayers, that his blindness was 
 removed, says William of Malmsburv, as suddenly as it had been inflicted. 
 
 1 Johannes Tinerauthensis, Bibl. Bodl. lib. xvii. cap. 210 ; Dugdale's Mon. Angl. vol. ii. 
 p. 143. Ed. 1817. 
 
 3 Regist. Oseney, Bibl. Cotton. Vitel. F. xvi. fol. 4. ; Dugdale's Mon. ut sup. 
 
 4 Ex libello incerti autlioris de vitii Sancta; Fredeswida? virginis ; Leland's Collect, vol. i. p. 
 342. 
 
 5 He is called a Welsh king by some authors, and by others an earl of Leicester, and is said 
 to have threatened to consume the town of Oxford with fire, unless the inhabitants found and 
 prevailed on Frideswide to live with him.
 
 ST. FRIDESWIDE AND HER MIRACLES. 7 
 
 Frideswide afterwards lived in a solitary and religious manner at Thorne- 
 byry, subsequently called Bensey, where her sanctity became eminently 
 remarkable; and where a spring, whose waters first gushed from the 
 earth at her powerful invocation (according to legendary story), continued 
 during several centuries to attract the credulous and superstitious 6 . Such 
 is the legend of St. Frideswide, of which the miraculous parts will obtain 
 little credit in this sceptical age; but it must be confessed that they were 
 firmly believed by our ancestors, as they are even in the present day by 
 many persons whose faith supercedes their reason. It was long imagined 
 that the celestial vengeance, excited by the offence of Algar, and the influ- 
 ence of the Saint, had doomed to destruction every British king who 
 should dare to enter the gates of Oxford 7 ; and the visit of Henry III. to 
 the monastery of St. Frideswide, in 1264, was by some considered as a 
 great effort of courage, by others as irreligious presumption. But the 
 monarch's safe return put an end to this popular belief 8 . 
 
 The date of the dedication of the church to St. Frideswide is uncertain. 
 In some charters of the reign of Henry I. it is styled the Church of the 
 Holy Trinity in Oxford; but we find that in 1180, as Wood states, or 
 according to others in 1188, the relics of the saint were removed from an 
 obscure situation in the church to one more suitable to their importance. 
 "At which solemnity the king, bishops, and nobles being present, were 
 
 6 Leland's Collectanea, ut supra. 7 Ibid. 
 
 8 Robert of Gloucester, speaking of this visit, says (vol. ii. p. 545) 
 
 " Suththe seinte Fretheswithe was me nuste King non, 
 That withinne the zates of Oxenforde dorste ride ne gon. 
 The king was among the freres, and hii manion 
 Radde him wor to wenden in, and nameliche frere Ion 
 Of Balsom, and that he mizte, thoru Code's grace, hii sede, 
 
 In with god deuocion go withoute drede. 
 
 ********* 
 
 And he wende to Seinte Fretheswithe, as no king ne com er, 
 Sutthe Seinte Fritheswithe was, vale hundred zer, — " 
 
 Godwin, in his Catalogue &c. says that many kings before the conquest and after " repayred 
 hither, as Buruhardas, Canutus, Harold, K. Stephen, Henry 1. aud the Second."
 
 8 OXFORD CATHEDRAL. 
 
 then and after clivers miracles wrought both on clerical and laical people, 
 causing thereby the fame of the saint to spread far and near 9 ." 
 
 It was probably about this time that the church was dedicated to her. 
 In 1289 the shrine of the patroness was translated into a more venerated 
 spot in the new church, or, as stated by some writers, a more costly shrine 
 had been several years before prepared for this purpose 10 . It appears to 
 have been plundered in 1308". 
 
 An account of the miracles attributed to the saint and her relics was 
 written by Prior Philip, who presided over the monastery at the time of 
 the first removal of the relics of St. Frideswide, and this book is yet 
 extant among the Dig-by manuscripts in the Bodleian library. Such was 
 the veneration in which this sainted lady was held, that Wood informs us, a 
 custom prevailed in Oxford, from the time of the translation of her relics, 
 for the chancellor and scholars of the University, in the middle of Lent, 
 and on the day of the ascension of our Saviour, to go in a general proces- 
 sion to her Church, as to the Mother Church of the University and town, 
 there to pray, to preach, and to offer oblations on her shrine. 
 
 Subsequent to the death of Frideswide very little is recorded respecting 
 this monastery : except that many superstitious stories and miracles were 
 disseminated concerning its patron saint, its sanctity &c. for the purpose of 
 augmenting the revenues. Didan the founder, his wife Saflrida, and his 
 sainted daughter Frideswide, were buried within the walls of the church. 
 The nuns appear to have remained in peaceable possession of the house 
 till November, 1002, when the priory was burnt, and its inmates massacred. 
 In 1004 king Ethelred the Second began to rebuild the premises, and some 
 authors refer the present church to that era. In 1015 the same monarch, 
 meditating signal vengeance on the Danes, invited them to Oxford, with 
 an intention of slaughtering them. They were attacked, overpowered, 
 and some of them seeking refuge in the tower of the church, perished by 
 
 9 Wood's Annals, edit. Gulch. 4to. Oxford, 17» - 2— 1706. vol. i. p. 166. who refers to Philip. 
 pus Prior, S. Frideswyda; in lib. MS. de Miraculis S. Frideswydoe in Bib. Bodl. Digby 177. 
 '° lb. p. 329. » lb. 374.
 
 HISTORY, ETC. 1049 TO 1111. 9 
 
 fire 12 ; but it is not stated that the building was consumed at the same 
 time 13 . In 1049 the priory was invaded by the monks of Abingdon, 
 who formally ejected the nuns from their home, and placed secular canons 
 in their stead. These were not allowed to remain long in possession, for 
 in 10G0 they were also expelled, in consequence of having wives, by 
 order of King Edward, at the instance of Pope Nicholas II.; and regular 
 canons were appointed to occupy the house and property. Another struggle 
 ensued, and the married monks succeeded in regaining possession. They 
 were again expelled after the Norman conquest, and Henry the First gave 
 the monastery, in 1 1 11, to Roger, bishop of Salisbury, who appointed Guy- 
 mond, or Wymond, the king's chaplain, to be prior, and lie appropriated 
 the house to regular augustine canons u . Dugdale, Willis, Tanner, Fiddes, 
 and other writers, ascribe, with much probability, the building of the present 
 church to this prior. From his decease till the time of the reformation 
 there were twenty-five other priors who reigned successively, but who did 
 very few acts to entitle their names to be recorded with either gratification 
 or praise. 
 
 The history of the priory from that time till 152.3 is of little interest. 
 
 " Rapin confounds this massacre with that of 1012; and Godwin refers the event to 847. 
 
 13 William of Malmsbury says that he had read " the history of this transaction which is 
 reposited in the archives of that Church." — History of the Kings of England, translated by 
 Sharpe, 220. 
 
 ' 4 The date of this event is referred by some writers to 1121 and 1122; but the gift of the 
 manor of Knyttinton to the " Prior and canons" of St. Frideswide in 111G, as related by Kennet 
 (in Paroch. Antiq. p. 80"), tends to justify the first date. Guymond is stated to have obtained 
 the favour of his monarch by an ingenious clerical artifice, as Bishop Roger had done before. 
 Observing that the king lavished preferments on illiterate men, whilst his own learning was 
 overlooked, or poorly recompensed, on Rogation Sunday when the king was hearing mass, 
 it was Guymond's duty to read the lesson in which these words occur, " 11011 pluit super 
 terram annos iij. et menses vj ;" which Guymond, affecting ignorance, read thus: " non 
 phut super terram annos unus, unus, unus, et menses quinque unus." This occasioned much 
 laughter and derision; and Guymond was interrogated by the king after the service, why he 
 had read in that manner. He instantly replied, " Because you confer bishoprics and ecclesi- 
 astical benefices on men who read so. And know that henceforth I shall serve only Christ 
 the King of kings, who knows how to recompense his servants not only with temporal but 
 eternal rewards." 
 
 B
 
 10 OXFORD CATHEDRAL. 
 
 At the last mentioned period the great Wolsey, then in the zenith of his 
 prosperity, determined on making, in one instance at least, a good use of 
 his power and influence, hy founding and endowing a college at Oxford, for 
 the study of the sciences, divinity, canon and civil law; also for the arts, 
 physic, and polite literature, and for the continual performance of divine 
 service. The members of the college were to consist of a dean, subdean, 
 a hundred canons, thirteen chaplains, professors in divinity, law, physic, 
 and the liberal arts, and other persons to the number of one hundred and 
 eighty-six: the college was dedicated to the Holy Trinity, the Virgin 
 Mary, St. Frideswide, and All Saints 13 . It was first intended to be called 
 " the College of Secular Priests ;" but in the king's patent it is styled " Car- 
 dinal College." By a MS. in the Cotton library, it is stated to have been 
 endowed with the revenues (amounting to nearly £2000 per annum) of the 
 following monasteries, then lately suppressed, viz. Daventre, Rauenes- 
 ton, Tykforde, Frediswide, Letelmore, Liesnes, Tonbridge, Wyks, Snape, 
 Sandewell, Canwell, Poghley, Thobie, Blakamore, Stanesgate, Typtre, 
 Horkisleghe, Dodneshe, Begham, and Calceto 16 . 
 
 This college was chiefly built on the site of the priory of S. Frideswide, 
 which was suppressed by virtue of a bull from Pope Clement VII. ' 7 ; and 
 by letters patent, dated July 1, 1525, the site and lands were granted to 
 the cardinal 1S . It had previously been surrendered by Prior Burton, who 
 obtained a salary of twenty marks for life, and retired to the abbey of 
 Oseney, where he was made abbot in 1531. 
 
 The college continued to subsist till 1529-30, when it was interrupted 
 by the fall of Wolsey. Among all the anxieties of that great man, he con- 
 tinued solicitous for the prosperity of this establishment; and entreated 
 
 ,; Tanner. Notit. Mon. ,<s Dugdale, from Bib. Cotton, MS. Cleop. E. iv. fol. 273. 
 
 17 This is printed in Rymer's Feed, torn. xiv. p. 23. and in Dugdale by Caley, &c vol. ii. 151. It 
 directs the suppression of the lesser monasteries of the Benedictines, Augustines, Cluniacs, Cis- 
 tertians, Grandimonteusians or Pramonstratensians, to the amount of three thousand ducats of 
 gold, " auri dc camera," the titles to be extinct, and the persons removed to other houses of the 
 same order. 
 
 " Monasticon, ut sup. vol. ii. p. 139.
 
 FOUNDATION OF THE SEE. 1 I 
 
 the king that lie would suffer it to continue, which at length he determined 
 to do, but at the same time to transfer the honour of its foundation to him- 
 self. Accordingly in 1532 the society was refounded by the king under 
 the title of " King Henry the Eighth's College in Oxford." " This second 
 foundation lasted till 1545, when the charter was surrendered by the dean 
 and canons to the king, who dismissed them with yearly pensions, to con- 
 tinue until they should be otherwise provided. Among those thus dis- 
 missed we find two names of great celebrity, John Cheke, afterwards Sir 
 John Cheke, of Cambridge, tutor to Prince Edward, and Leland the very 
 celebrated antiquary. Cheke had a pension of £ 26. 13*. Ad. and Leland 
 had some preferment elsewhere, probably, according to his biographer, the 
 prebend of East and West Knowle." 
 
 " The king then changed the college into a Cathedral Church, translating 
 the episcopal See from Oseney, where it had been established in 1542 l9 . - ' 
 Two foundation charters are preserved in the treasury at Christchurch. 
 In the first of these the church is called " the Cathedral Church of 
 Christ and the Blessed Virgin Mary ;" in the second, dated 4th Nov. 1540, 
 it is called " the Cathedral Church of Christ in Oxford." — Robert King 
 was installed the first bishop, Richard Cox, dean, and eight canons were 
 appointed. The king also made a new annual endowment to the amount of 
 ,£2200. The bishop had no residence attached to the church; but was 
 lodged in Gloucester Hall, now Worcester College. In the time of King- 
 Charles, 1G35, Bishop Bancroft built a seat at Cuddesden, near Oxford. 
 This was burnt in 1644, during the rebellion, but a new mansion was raised 
 by Bishop Fell, and this continues the palace of the See. 
 
 The See of Oxford may be said to have originated with Cardinal 
 Wolsey, although it was ostensibly founded by King Henry the Eighth. 
 The former obtained the sanction of the latter to appropriate the revenues 
 of twenty priories and nunneries to the establishment of a school or college 
 at this place, for the advancement of learning. The revenues of these were 
 estimated at ,£2000. Two bulls were obtained from Pope Clement VII. in 
 
 ' 9 Chalmers's History of the Colleges, Halls, &c. of Oxford, vol. ii. p. 301.
 
 12 OXFORD CATHEDRAL. 
 
 favour of the undertaking, and the king's patent, after paying high compli- 
 ments to the cardinal's administration, authorizes him to build his new 
 college on the site of the dissolved priory of St. Frideswide. It was then 
 called " Cardinal College ;" and the clergy in it were denominated the 
 " Dean and Canons secular of the cardinal of York." 
 
 The constitution of this college is variously represented ; but Leonard 
 Hutteu, who was many years subdean at the beginning of the sixteenth 
 century, says it was to be a perpetual foundation for the study of the 
 sciences, divinity, canon and civil law, the arts, physic, and polite literature, 
 and for the performance of divine service. 
 
 In "the General Ecclesiastical Survey, 20 Hen. VIII., of the manors, 
 lands, tenements, rectories, and other spiritual and temporal possessions 
 assigned to Henry VIII. 's College in Oxford," we find those belonging to 
 the late Priory of St. Frideswide thus estimated — " In the city of Oxford 
 a net income of £.39. 2*. 9d. per annum, after deducting £8. 7s. 3d. paid 
 annually to the steward, the abbot and convent of Abyngdon, the masters 
 and fellows of New College, Maria Magdalen College, Brasnose, &c. — 
 In the manor of Cuddeslow £14. 2s. Sd. — the manor and rectory of Bynd- 
 sey £i8. — part of Ascott 53s. Ad.— rectory of Church Hill £10. 13*. Ad. — 
 rectory of Fritwell £4. 13s. Ad. — rectory of Elfelde 53*. Ad. after deduct- 
 ing 66s. Hd. for the vicar: — rectory and vicarage of Hedington and Merston 
 £17. 13s. Ad.— Pedyngton £21. 7*. Id.— Cowley, Cold Norton, and Cud- 
 desdon 42s. — manor of Bolshipton £7. — rectory of Wurnall, Bucks. £0., 
 deducting £4. for the vicar — manor of Over-Wynchyndon, Bucks. £27. 
 —rectory of Okely and Borstal!, Bucks. £9. 13s. Ad.— Bryll, Bucks. 
 £11. 7s. 3d. — manor of Huddon and Edington, Berks. .£20., after paying 
 the dean and fellows of Wynsor College 40s. — manor of Knygtington, 
 Berks. £0. — Isbury, Edwiston, and Musbury, £2. lis. 6d. — other parts, 
 as the church of St. Egidus, the abbess of Godstow, &c. 7s. — Total annual 
 value of the revenues and possessions of the priory of St. Frideswide 
 <£222. 5s. 9tf." Speed gives the revenue at «£224. As. 8d. ; and Sir John 
 Peshall at ,£284. 8s. 9d. 
 
 An inventory, signed by John Olyver, Richard Croke, and John Leland,
 
 ALTARS, ORNAMENTS. 13 
 
 of the ornaments, plate, fyc. belonging to St. Fride'swide's monastery was 
 taken by command of King Henry VIII., the 19th day of May, in the 
 thirty-seventh year of his reign, by which it appears there was a high 
 altar in the choir, and seven other altars at different parts of the church, 
 viz. two in the south aile of the choir, four in the north aile, and two 
 in the body of the church. John Olyver is named as dean, at that time, 
 and Richard Coxe, "late dean of the late Cathedral of Criste 20 ." The 
 inventory contains a list of all the furniture, &c. belonging to each altar, 
 to the vestry, the house plate, and the church plate. The latter consisted 
 of " a pixe of the ymage of God, gilte, weing 33 ounces. A highe standing 
 pixe w th a cover gilte weing 23 ounces dim. A crosse w th Mary and John, 
 and a fote to the same gilte, weing 114 ounces. A ship and a spone gilte, 
 weing 12 ounces dim. Two bassings parcell gilte, weing 92 ounces. 
 A balliwater bokett, and a sprinkell, whitt syluer, weing 33 ounces. 
 2 greatt sensors, and a litle sensor, whit syluer, weing 170 ounces. Two 
 crowetts of whit syluer, weing 8 ounces. A little paxe gilte, weing 3 
 ounces. 4 chalesses, gilte, w th patentts, weing 95 ounces. 3 dial esses, w th 
 patentt, whit syluer, weing 50 ounces. A litle cros, parcell gilte, weing 51 
 ounces. A crismatory gilte, not weighted. 2 gospells, plated w th syluer 
 of thonesyde, not weighted. Two maces for the preuelege, plated w"' 
 syluer vppon yeron, not weighted. Two virge roddes, plated w th syluer 
 vppon yeron, not weighted. 4 rectors staves, the haadds of syluer wherof 
 two gilte, not weighted. Two stavis for the crosse, plated w th syluer, not 
 weighted." 
 
 By a memorandum or assignment from the same monarch to the dean 
 and chapter, dated the 1st of October, in the thirty-seventh year of his 
 reign, it is provided ; " the king's ma tie is also pleased and contented that 
 the said deane and prebendaryes shall have all the ornaments, plate, and 
 juelles, and all stone, tymbere, glas, ironne, belles, and ledde, which re- 
 
 10 A copy of this inventory is given in the new edition of the Monasticon, ii. 1G7, &c. 
 from " Chartse Antiquae Offic. Augment." E. 10(5.
 
 14 OXFORD CATHEDRAL. 
 
 Drained at the late cathederalle chorche of Osney and colledge of 
 Fridswids, or othere theme, at the time of the dissolution of the same, 
 together with suche somes of moneye as weare due and owinge unto the 
 said late cathedrelle churche of Osneye at the tyme of theire surrendore 
 thereof." 
 
 The articles agree to pay over to the dean and prebendaries a " holle 
 yeares revenewe," supposing the same to be collected by his majesty's 
 " receaveres," and which is stated to amount to " M. M. M. C. C. u star- 
 lings."
 
 <£fjap* M. 
 
 HISTORICAL NOTICES OF THE CATHEDRAL, ITS FOUNDATION, ERECTION, AND 
 SUCCESSIVE ALTERATIONS, WITH AN ACCOUNT OF ITS PRESENT STATE. 
 
 In the absence of documental and historical testimony, we cannot obtain 
 better proof than the evidence of corresponding buildings, as to the date 
 of the oldest parts of the church now under review. On such subjects 
 we find writers differ in opinion : some contending for very remote anti- 
 quity, and others easily satisfied in receiving and making any assertions; 
 some endeavouring to fix its erection late in the Anglo-Norman dynasty ; 
 and others treating this part of the subject as wholly beneath their serious 
 investigation, though they do not hesitate to occupy much time and writing 
 on less interesting subjects. 
 
 It is true that the dates of buildings are no farther of immediate conse- 
 quence than as showing when and by whom they were raised : but surely 
 this is not trivial, or wholly unimportant ; for the ascertainment of a date 
 often leads to the developement of many facts. It identifies and illustrates 
 the arts, customs, and manners of an age, and of a people ; it furnishes a fact 
 on which the mind rests, and revolves on coincident and cotemporaneous 
 matters and subjects. It is, in my own estimation, an object worthy to be 
 sought, and important in the attainment. In respect to the cathedral of 
 Christ Church, we must dispense with this fact, for documents are not to 
 be found, and the opinions of different authors are various. King, in 
 " Munimenta Antiqua" (iv. 203), and Carter in his " Antient Architecture 
 of England," p. 25. contend that the greater part "was rebuilt in 1002 or 
 1004 by King Ethelred, after the church had been burnt in the conflict
 
 16 OXFORD CATHEDRAL. 
 
 with the Danes. In Storer's account it is stated that the " new building 
 Mas unquestionably completed prior to Ethelred's flight to France in 1013, 
 and consequently derived none of its architectural features from that cir- 
 cumstance." Dugdale, Brown Willis, Tanner, and some other authors, 
 contend that the chief parts of the present church were raised by Guy- 
 mond, or Gaymond, who was the first regular prior of the monastery, and 
 appointed by Roger, Bishop of Salisbury. 
 
 This must have been subsequent to A. D. 1111, when a new foundation 
 was made here. Mr. Dallaway, in " Observations on English Architec- 
 ture," refers the re-erection of the church to a period between 1120 and 
 1270. In another part he says " the church is of the style called Saxon, 
 and the probable date of it is the introduction of canons regular of the 
 order of St. Augustine, 1122." On this subject the following particulars 
 are entitled to notice : Dr. Leonard Hutten, in his Letter on the Antiquities 
 of Oxford, at the end of Hearne's " Textus Roftensis," in speaking of this 
 monastery, says " It was given by William the Conqueror to the abbot and 
 monks of St. Mary, the virgin in Abbington, for a cell, or grange, as they 
 pleased to use it. But the abbott and moukes of Abbington perceiving it 
 to be very ruinous, and that the charges of repayring it would rather be a 
 burthen than the church an honour to them, gave it to Roger the Bishop of 
 Salisbury their ordinary, having first obtained leave of King Henry the First 
 soe to do. Whereupon the bishop understanding that the king had already 
 (as much as in him lay) given it to Guymundus his chaplaine, a man very 
 religious and excellently learned, gave presently the disposition thereof to 
 the king, and the king to Guimundus." From this evidence compared with 
 the style of architecture, and from other considerations connected with the 
 history of the monastery, I cannot hesitate, with AVillis, in ascribing tin 
 oldest, and chief parts of the present church to Guymond's time, in the 
 early part of the reign of Henry the First. Willis proceeds to state that 
 the two succeeding priors toGuymond, finished the building of the church. 
 It will be found by the styles, at present exhibited, that additions and alte- 
 rations have been made to the fabric. The chapter-house is evidently of 
 subsequent date to the main building, and this issaid to have been raised
 
 CHAPELS, CLOISTER, SPIRE. 17 
 
 in the reign of King Henry the Second. It was most probably erected by 
 the third prior, Philip, as the finishing part of the sacred edifice. Two 
 chapels, or additional ailes, on the north side of the choir, were next added 
 to the church, but the time and purpose of building these are not recorded : 
 that adjoining the choir, and called the Dean's Chapel, must have been 
 built about the same time as the chapter-house, as the columns, groins, 
 and mouldings are of corresponding style. The most northern aile, called 
 the Divinity, and the Latin Chapel, because prayers in that language are 
 occasionally read in it, was a distinct and separate appendate to the 
 church, and most likely raised as a private chapel, or oratory. Browne 
 Willis refers its erection to the reign of Henry III. when the chapter- 
 house was built ; but, as there is no similarity in style, I am rather in- 
 clined to ascribe it to the middle of the fourteenth century, when a chan- 
 try was founded in this part of the church, for two priests " to celebrate 
 divine service daily, for the soul of Lady Elizabeth de Montacute, and for 
 the souls of John Bokingham, Bishop of Lincoln, and all her parents and 
 friends 1 ." The tomb of this lady is placed under an arch on the south 
 side of this chapel, and we find the arms, represented on the tomb, again 
 repeated in the cloister. Hence it may be inferred, that either this lady or 
 her husband had contributed towards the erection of this part of the edi- 
 fice. In the new edition of Dugdale's Monasticon, it is slated that " the 
 cloister was built in the middle of the fourteenth century." It is known 
 that she gave the meadow, called Christ Church Meadow, to this founda- 
 tion. The next material alteration to the church appears to have been 
 made by Cardinal Wolsey, who intended to make a complete revolution 
 in the fabric. Mr. Dallaway says " the Spire was added by Cardinal 
 Wolsey, in 1528 2 ," but I should ascribe it to a much earlier date. Indeed 
 it is not likely that Wolsey would build a spire to a church which it was 
 proposed to take down. Besides its style is of the first pointed order, pro- 
 bably not later than 1200. The western front, of which we know nothing 
 
 ' Dugdale's Baronage, vol. i. 411. 727. ed. 1675. 
 1 " Observations on English Architecture," 310. 
 
 C
 
 10 OXFORD CATHEDRAL. 
 
 as to design, with three arches of the nave, were taken down in the 
 cardinal's time, and the remainder of the edifice was destined to be 
 levelled, to make room for a new, more spacious, and more splendid 
 church. 
 
 The prelate's disgrace and death, caused this plan to be relinquished ; 
 and we may infer that soon afterwards the roof of the present choir was 
 constructed, and the church adapted for the cathedral service of the new 
 see. The stalls, pavement, and fitting up of the choir, appear to have 
 been executed about the year 1630; and soon afterwards most of iheivin* 
 doivs were repaired, and painted glass, by Van Linge, inserted. One of 
 these, in the south aile, containing the story of Jonah, is dated 1631 ; ano- 
 ther, representing the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah, was painted 
 in 1634; and a third, in the divinity chapel, representing Christ disputing 
 with the Doctors, bears the date of 1640. The principal east window was 
 painted by W. Price, from a design by Sir James Thornhill, in 1696. 
 
 In the north aile is a small window, which Mr. Dallaway describes as a 
 " singular curiosity," from having been painted by Isaac Oliver in 1700, 
 when he was eighty-four years of age. In a window of the north aile of 
 the choir, is a painted full length of Bishop King, supposed by Mr. Chal- 
 mers to have been executed soon after the prelate's death. 
 
 The timber ceiling, or inner roof of the nave, was renewed in 1816.
 
 
 I LAN. 
 
 .... 1 ! 

 
 Cfjap* M%< 
 
 DESCRIPTION OF THE FORM, ARRANGEMENT, AND CONSTRUCTION OF THE 
 CHURCH: — OF ITS EXTERIOR AND INTERIOR BEAUTIES AND DEFECTS: — 
 REMARKS ON ITS STYLES OF ARCHITECTURE, AND ON THE VARIOUS POR- 
 TIONS OF THE EDIFICE; WITH REFERENCES TO THE ACCOMPANYING 
 PRINTS. 
 
 By the accompanying ground plan it will be seen that the Cathedral Church 
 of Oxford consists of a nave with its ailes ; a transept, to the north, with 
 a western aile; a shorter transept on the south with an aile to the east; a 
 choir from the transept to the east end, with ailes on each side, but which 
 do not continue to the east end ; two other ailes or chapels north of the 
 choir; a chapter-house, south of the church, with an intermediate passage, 
 or room; and three sides of a cloister. The proportions, forms, and rela- 
 tive situations of each of these divisions are correctly laid down in the 
 plan, in which the oldest walls, columns, and piers are distinguished by 
 dark colour, and the later additions and alterations are marked with a 
 lighter tint. The measurements of the principal parts are figured, and the 
 horizontal area of all the other parts may be readily found by the scale. 
 The arrangement and forms of the groining, as well as the situations of 
 some of the principal tombs, are also indicated on the plan. It will be 
 seen that the southern transept is shorter by one arch than that on the 
 north side, as a wall is raised between the columns from east to west, and 
 the western aile of the same transept is detached from the church by a 
 wall between the columns. At the west end, a wall appears to have been 
 raised in the time of Wolsey: the buttresses on the north side, and that
 
 20 OXFORD CATHKDRAL. 
 
 on the west side of the north transept, were probably enlarged about the 
 same time: the plans at the side of the plate, marked A. B. C. D. refer to 
 corresponding letters in the plan. The small letters refer to the monu- 
 ments, &c. most of which will be hereafter described. 
 
 The general character of the exterior of this church is displayed Plates 
 II. III. and VI. whilst the interior is either fully exhibited or indicated by 
 Plates I. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. IX. X. and XI. Externally it presents 
 but few interesting or attractive features ; and is so much obscured by other 
 buildings, and trees, as to be excluded from any general, or favourable 
 view. Its walls are rough, and left in an apparently unfinished state; with 
 small irregular stones, and large joints : the only part generally seen by, 
 and accessible to the public is from the south-west, where the tower and 
 spire are shown rising from the intersection of the nave, with the south 
 transept. Hence the south side of the nave, west side of the transept, 
 with the whole of the cloister, are viewed; but these are not calculated to 
 seduce the general visitor to explore the edifice much further. 
 
 Most of our cathedrals are the principal objects of curiosity and beauty 
 in the cities to which they belong; but this of Oxford is not. only of infe- 
 rior size and interest, but is surpassed by many other edifices in this uni- 
 versity. The entrance gate tower, the quadrangle, the hall stair-case, and 
 the hall of this college, are generally regarded as more attractive and ad- 
 mirable than the cathedral. Hence it is very common for visitors, and 
 even those of rather refined and critical minds, to leave Oxford without 
 examining the building now under notice. 
 
 Plate II. A view of the church, &c. from the north-east, showing the 
 Latin Chapel, with its four varied windows and buttresses on the north side, 
 and a larger window in the east end ; the north transept, with its square 
 piers, or turrets, each of which has a centre staircase ; the upper compart- 
 ment of the tower, with its spire and angular pinnacles; and the east end 
 of the choir, with a window in its north aile, and the end of an aile between 
 that and the Latin Chapel. This point of view was chosen for the purpose 
 of exhibiting more of the church than is to be seen from any other station. 
 It is taken from a pleasure garden belonging to one of the canons of the
 
 CATr 
 
 
 
 
 1
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Drawn Tjr&.Cattennole. 
 
 Br Uteris His & 
 
 ©XFOESIE)' SAT] 
 
 
 
 IAIL ©HSUIECCIHI", 
 
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 DOOR-WAY TO CHAPTER-HOUSE: — CAPITALS. 21 
 
 cathedral, and some trees and shrubs are omitted which come into the 
 scene. 
 
 Plate III. View of the entrance door-way from the cloister to the 
 chapter-house. Two rows or mouldings of the projecting zigzag extend 
 from the floor round the whole opening, whilst two other archivolt mould- 
 ings, of varied forms, springing from the capitals of two columns on each 
 side, constitute the chief members of this door-way. The bases of the co- 
 lumns are formed by two bold torus beads, separated by a deep ca- 
 vetto, and thus resemble the first pointed style of the interior of the chap- 
 ter-house. It is to be regretted that the upper part of this door-way is 
 filled up with boards, by which the bold ribs of the inner roof are ex- 
 cluded from view, at the station whence this drawing was taken. Mr. King, 
 as well as some later antiquaries, consider the ornament and proportion of 
 this door-way as proofs of the Saxon style and of its Saxon origin ; but 
 had they examined and compared many different buildiugs, with a desire 
 of ascertaining facts rather than to maintain theories, they would have 
 found that these evidences are more certain criteria of the last Norman 
 style than of buildings anterior to the conquest. 
 
 Plate IV. Views of eight Capitals from the nave, choir, and transept. 
 Nos. 1, and 2, from the nave, have octangular shafts with richly foliated 
 capitals : 3, 4, 5, and G are from the transept, with capitals variously orna- 
 mented ; the anchor shaped ornament No. 6*, is not common. 
 
 Plate V. View from the south transept, looking north-west. This view 
 shows one arch of the south transept opening to the south aile, through 
 which is seen one of the octangular and one of the circular columns of the 
 nave. The two western piers of the tower, with their attached small co- 
 lumns, &c. are shown, as well as a view into the north transept. It will 
 be seen by this view that the ailes of the nave are much lower than the 
 side arches, and that the space commonly appropriated to the triforium, is 
 formed below the heads of the arches. For the purpose of constructing 
 and carrying the vaulting of the aile, a half capital has been formed and 
 inserted in the columns, and arches are turned beneath the original arches 
 of the nave. This I believe is unique.
 
 22 OXFORD CATHEDRAL. 
 
 Plate VI. Section of the north transept, and half of the tower and spire ; 
 and elevation of the south transept, part of the tower, and one division 
 of the cloister. By the section of the north transept, it will be seen that 
 the upper part of the three arches are filled up as in the nave, and that 
 open screens with square headed door-ways, and inverted arches are 
 inserted in the lower part. The upper, or clerestory window towards the 
 north is altered, apparently at the same time, and in the same style as in 
 the choir : it was probably intended to finish all the upper part of the 
 church in a corresponding style. A. opening to the Latin Chapel; B. to 
 an aile called the Deans' Chapel, because it contains monuments to some 
 deans, and by some persons called the Dormitory : C. south aile of the 
 choir; D. arch under the tower, through which are seen the altar rails and 
 window; E. section through the south aile of nave; F. Section through 
 a room appropriated to records ; G. elevation of one compartment of the 
 cloister. Over the latter are three divisions of the exterior of the southern 
 transept, with its flat buttresses and clerestory windows. 
 
 Plate VII. Section of the tower, showing two of the great piers by 
 which it is supported, and above which is a pointed arch, no doubt of the 
 original construction, over which is an arcade of small arches, and large 
 columns, also a door-way to the roof of the north transept. The next 
 story has two windows with circular tops and blank arches between. 
 In the befry-floor we find windows, with pointed arches, of the same 
 style as the whole of the steeple. Through the arch of the tower is seen 
 the great north window, with two tombs beneath. In the section of one 
 arch, &c. of the choir is shown the same manner of filling up the arch 
 as in the nave; also the groined roof with pendants, and a window in- 
 serted in the clerestory of the same date as the roof. 
 
 Plate VIII. View in the chapter-house, looking east. This peculiarly 
 interesting room is now divided into two parts, and the floor of this eastern 
 half is raised some feet above the other part, or the original floor. The 
 style of its architecture is that of the early pointed, with detached and 
 clustered columns, bold bases, and highly enriched foliated capitals. Some 
 of the windows are now closed up, and the walls covered with portraits.
 
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 HALF SECTION- THMXT ELEV.. 
 
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 SECTION OF TOWEH .WITH A rOMPAHTMEITT 
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 NORTH AILE: — CHOIR. 23 
 
 I cannot help regretting that the style and effect of this plate are not suc- 
 cessful, or equal to the very fine drawing by the artist whose name it 
 bears. 
 
 Plate IX. View in the north aile of the choir, looking north-west. 
 In this plate are represented parts of the original aile of the choir, with its 
 large pilaster columns, and groined ribs; next a narrow aile, or chantry, 
 which appears to have been added to the older work, and is of the first 
 pointed style, probably about A. D. 1200; and between the three arches 
 on the right are seen parts of the roof and windows of the Latin Chapel, 
 which displays a later style and character than the adjoining work. Be- 
 neath the first arch is shown the richly carved screen of a tomb or shrine 
 to St. Frideswide. Under the next arch is an altar tomb with niches, 
 and figures at the sides, and a recumbent effigy of a female at the top, to 
 Lady Montacute; and beyond, under the next arch, is a canopied monu- 
 ment with an effigy said to commemorate Prior Guymond. 
 
 Plate X. View of the choir, looking east. The whole of the tracery of 
 the roof and modern seats are shown in this plate; and part of the roof, 
 with the pendants, and figures in niches under the tower, are displayed 
 more at large in Plate XI.
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL ANECDOTES OF THE BISHOPS OF OXFORD. 
 
 1. Robert Kyng, or King, was first a Cistercian monk, and lived some 
 years in Rewly Abbey. In 1513 he was Abbot of the Benedictine monas- 
 tery of Bruerne, in Oxfordshire. He was soon afterwards made Abbot of 
 Thame; then Abbot commendatory of Oseney, being a suffragan under 
 the title of Revonensis, or Reonensis, which, Bishop Burnet says, was 
 undoubtedly a see in the province of Athens. In 1542 he was constituted 
 first Bishop of Oxford ', where he continued until his death, December 
 4, 1557. He was buried in the north side of the choir, near the east end 
 of Christ Church. 
 
 2. Hugh Curwyn, or Coren, was made one of Henry VIlI.'s chap- 
 lains, about 1525. He was preferred to the deanery of Hereford, about 
 1534, where he continued until nominated by Queen Mary, to whom he 
 was chaplain, to the archbishoprick of Dublin, to which he was conse- 
 crated in St. Paul's Cathedral, London, September 8, 1555. A few days 
 afterwards, the queen made him chancellor of Ireland. Wishing however 
 to spend the remainder of his days in peace, he petitioned her majesty for 
 the bishoprick of Oxford, which he received, September 3, 1567. He then 
 
 1 Fox, in the Acts and Monuments of the Church, calls liim Bishop of Thame. See also 
 Archaeologia, vii. 365, where it is said he held more monasteries than one. Pegge, who writes 
 the essay alluded to, says he died in 1547.
 
 bishops: — 1568 to 1641. 25 
 
 lived at Swinbroke near Burford, and dying - in October, 1568, be was 
 buried in the parish church, November 1. 
 
 3. John Underhill received the rudiments of his education in Win- 
 chester school, and was made a perpetual fellow of New College in 1563. 
 Happening to quarrel with the Bishop of Winchester, he was removed 
 from his fellowship in 1576. About 1577 he was made chaplain to the 
 queen, one of the vicars of Bampton, and rector of Witney in Oxford- 
 shire. He was consecrated Bishop of Oxford in December, 1589, but did 
 not live long to enjoy it, for it appears he died at London, May 12, 1592, 
 in much poverty. He was buried near the bishop's throne in the choir 
 of the cathedral. 
 
 4. John Bridges, or Brydges, was consecrated Bishop of Oxford in 
 1603. He was sometime fellow of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, and was 
 D. D. In 1577 he was made Dean of Salisbury. He wrote several books, 
 as may be seen in the Bodleian, or Oxford Catalogue. 
 
 5. John Howson was a student in 1577, installed canon of Christ 
 Church, May 15, 1601, and in December following took his degrees in 
 divinity. In 1602 he was made chancellor of the University; afterwards 
 he became rector of Brightwell, fellow of Chelsea College, and was con- 
 secrated Bishop of Oxford, May 1619. In 1628 he was translated to Dur- 
 ham, where he died 1695, at the advanced age of ninety-five. He left 
 several sermons. He lies buried in the middle aile of St. Paul's Cathedral, 
 London, " under a fair marble stone, without any inscription upon it," says 
 Stow, in his " Survey." 
 
 6. Richard Corbet was next advanced to this see, of whom some 
 anecdotes are related, in "The History and Antiquities of Norwich Ca- 
 thedral." 
 
 7. John Bancroft was admitted a student of Christ Church in 1592. 
 In 1609 he was elected master of University College, through the as- 
 sistance of his uncle, Dr. Richard Bancroft, Archbishop of Canterbury ; 
 and in 1632 succeeded Dr. Corbet in the bishoprick of Oxford. He died 
 at Westminster from an apprehension of the vengeance of the Puritans, to 
 whom he was a great enemy, 1640. There having been no palace belong- 
 
 D
 
 26 OXFORD CATHEDRAL. 
 
 ing to the see since the time of Edward VI., Bancroft, at the suggestion 
 of Archbishop Laud, and with the assistance of his majesty, who granted 
 him wood from the forest of Shotover, built a handsome palace at Cuddes- 
 den with a chapel, which was finished in 1G34. This building, which 
 cost £2500, was burnt clown by Colonel Legg in 164-1, to prevent its be- 
 coming useful to the parliamentary forces, and lay in ruins until the time 
 of Bishop Fell, who rebuilt it, 1079. 
 
 8. Robert Skinner, D.D. a native of Northamptonshire was educated 
 in Trinity College. In 1636 he was consecrated Bishop of Bristol, and 
 in 1641 was removed to the see of Oxford. Having joined with eleven 
 of his brethren in a protest against the proceedings of the parliament, he 
 was committed to the Tower. In 1663 he was translated to Worcester 
 where he died, aged eighty, and was buried in the Cathedral. 
 
 9. William Paul was born in London, and became a student at Ox- 
 ford in 1614. In 1618 he was elected fellow of All Soul's College, and 
 soon after took orders, and became rector of Brightwell. About 1632 
 he was made one of the chaplains to King Charles I. and afterwards re- 
 sidentiary of Chichester. Having suffered for his loyalty, during the 
 rebellion, he was made Dean of Lichfield, and in 1663 was promoted to 
 the see of Oxford. He made preparations for rebuilding the bishop's 
 palace at Cuddesden, but died before any thing was done, May 24, 1665, 
 at Chinnor, and was buried in the chancel of Brightwell Church, Oxford- 
 shire, where his widow afterwards erected a monument to his memory. 
 
 10. Walter Blandford his successor was warden of Wadham Col- 
 lege, during the usurpation. He was afterwards chaplain to Lord Claren- 
 don, and vice-chancellor of the University. In 1665 he was made Bishop 
 of Oxford, and translated to Worcester in 1671, where he died, July 9, 
 1675, aged fifty-nine, and was buried in Our Lady's Chapel there. 
 
 11. The Hon. Nathaniel Crewe was the third son of John, Lord 
 Crewe, of Stene in Northamptonshire. He was born 1633, and in 1652 
 was admitted a commoner of Lincoln College, where he took the degree 
 of A.B. February 1, 1655, and that of A.M. 1658. In 1663 he was 
 proctor, and was made LL. D. July, 2, 1664, soon after which he entered
 
 bishops: — 1071 to IG7">. 27 
 
 into holy orders. On the 12th of August, 10GB, he was elected rector of 
 Lincoln College, and about the same time was admitted clerk of the royal 
 closet. In April, 1669, he was installed dean and chantor of Chiches- 
 ter, and on the 10th of June, 1671, was appointed Bishop of Oxford, 
 holding his rectory and the living of Witney in commendam. In 1673 
 he had the boldness to perform the marriage ceremony between the Duke 
 of York and Mary of Este, in defiance of the protests and remonstrances 
 of the House of Commons. This action procured him the see of Durham, 
 through the influence of the duke, into which city he made a triumphant 
 entry in June, 1675. His ambition did not allow him to remain peaceably 
 in this situation, for he continued his political intrigues, and acted a con- 
 spicuous part in the distracted times, until the revolution, when he was 
 excepted out of the general pardon, and obliged to fly to Holland. He 
 returned the day before the expiration of the term allowed for taking the 
 oaths to the new government, and swore allegiance without scruple, at 
 Guildhall. He succeeded at the death of his elder brother, Thomas Lord 
 Crewe, to the barony of Stene, and was summoned to parliament both as 
 baron and bishop, being the first instance in England of such an union of 
 a temporal and spiritual peerage. " The remainder of his life was spent 
 in comparative retirement, or in vain aspirations after power and influ- 
 ence." Notwithstanding his restless and ambitious character, he was 
 most charitable and beneficent; and, among other noble acts, founded that 
 important establishment called " Crewe's Charity," at Bamborough. He 
 expired at Stene, September 18, 1722, aged eighty-nine, and was buried 
 in the church of that parish, where he had previously raised "a beautiful 
 chapel and an elegant monument." For an interesting memoir of him, see 
 Surtee's History, &c. of Durham, vol. i. p. cxviii. 
 
 12. The Hon. Henry Compton was a younger son of Spencer, Earl of 
 Northampton. About 1649 he entered a student of Queen's College, Ox- 
 ford, where he continued about three years. After the restoration of King 
 Charles, he became a cornet in the army, but being persuaded to take 
 orders, he went to Cambridge, where he was created A.M. In 1667 he 
 was made master of the hospital of St. Cross, near Winchester. On the 
 24th of May, 1609, he was admitted a canon of Christ Church, and in the
 
 28 OXFORD CATHEDRAL. 
 
 same year took his degrees in divinity. On the 6th of December, 1G74, 
 he was consecrated Bishop of Oxford ; in 1675 was made dean of the 
 chapel royal, and in December of the same year translated to London, 
 and also made a privy counsellor. From this office and also from the 
 deanery of the chapel royal he was dismissed on the accession of King 
 James, and on the 6th of September, 1686, he was suspended from his 
 episcopal office, for not removing Dr. Sharp of St. Giles's, for preaching 
 against his majesty's declaration. He was released from his suspension 
 in 1688, and was very active as a military commander, for which he 
 was made a privy counsellor to King William; and, in September, 1689, 
 was impowered to act as Archbishop of Canterbury; and in the same 
 year he was made prolocutor for the upper house of convocation of the 
 clergy. Dying, July 7, 1713, at Fulham, he was there interred. He pub- 
 lished annonymously " A Treatise of the Holy Communion,'" London, 1677, 
 8vo. " Letter to the Clergy of the Dioccss of London, concerning Baptism, 
 the Lord's Supper, Catechism," &c. London, 1679, a second Letter was 
 printed, and afterwards came out four more, all printed on one side of a 
 sheet of paper. He also translated, " The Life of Donna Olympia Mulda- 
 cltini, trho governed the church during the time of Innocent X. which uasfrom 
 the year 1644 to 1665," London, 1667, written originally by Abbot Gualdi, 
 in Italian. From the French he translated, " The Jesuits' 1 Intrigues: with 
 the private Instructions of that Society to their Emissaries," London, 1669. 
 13. John Fell was chiefly educated at the Free School of Thame in 
 Oxfordshire ; and at eleven years of age he was admitted student of Christ 
 Church: he took the degree of B. A. in 1640, and that of M. A. 1643. 
 Having about this time been in arms for King Charles, the parliamentary 
 visitors turned him out of his place. After the restoration, he was made 
 prebendary of Chichester, canon of Christ Church, 1660, and in Novem- 
 ber following was made dean, being then chaplain in ordinary to the 
 king. In 1666, and for several years afterwards, he was vice-chancellor 
 of the University. He was promoted to the bishoprick of Oxford in 1675, 
 and permitted to hold the deanery of Christ Church in commendam. He 
 died July 10, 1686, after a life devoted to study, the reformation of abuses, 
 the restoration of religion, and the improvement of his college and cathe-
 
 bishops: — 1675 to 168G. 29 
 
 dral; and was buried in his church, where a monument was raised to him 
 and inscribed with an epitaph by Dr. Aldrich. He rebuilt the episcopal 
 palace at Cuddesden, and removed the " Great Tom of Christ Church," 
 which he had previously had re-cast and enlarged, from the steeple in the 
 cathedral, into the tower over the principal gate of the college, which 
 he had also rebuilt. Besides these works he repaired and re-edified nu- 
 merous other buildings, both in Oxford and elsewhere, and was other- 
 wise so beneficent that he devoted almost his whole substance to works 
 of piety and charity. He was author of the Life of Dr. Henry Ham- 
 mond, 1G60, and promoted a translation of Wood's, " Historia et Antiqui- 
 tates Universitatis Oxoniensis, &c." 1G74, 2 vols. fol. A beautiful edition 
 of St. Cyprian's works, revised and illustrated with notes, 1682. A cele- 
 lebrated edition of the Greek Testament, published first in small 8vo. at 
 the Sheldon Theatre, reprinted at Leipzic in 1697 and 1702, and at Oxford 
 1703. Fabricius says he also published the excellent edition of Aratus, 
 Oxford, 1672, 8vo. Besides these he was the author of several theological 
 works. Wood says, that while he was Dean of Christ Church, he pub- 
 lished or reprinted a book every year, to distribute among the students of 
 his college. Dr. Fell was as much distinguished by his benefactions as 
 by the benevolence and utility of his writings. His prefaces to, and edi- 
 tions of the " Whole Duty of Man," the " Ladies' Calling," and other 
 writings by the same author, are manifestations of sound principles, a clear 
 head, and a generous heart. 
 
 14. Samuel Parker, D. D. was born at Northampton in 1640. His pa- 
 rents were strict Puritans, and educated their son in the same tenets. In 
 1656 he was sent to Wadham College and committed to the tuition of a 
 rigid Presbyterian, where he signalized himself as one of" the most godly 
 young men in the University." On the return of the king in 1660 he con- 
 tinued to declaim against episcopacy until he removed to Trinity College, 
 when Dr. Bathurst made him a convert to a different opinion, and ever after 
 he was a zealous advocate for the Church of England. About 1665 he 
 was elected a fellow of the Royal Society, and in 1G67 he was made 
 chaplain to Archbishop Sheldon. In 1670 he was installed Archdeacon of 
 Canterbury, and made D. D. On the 17th of October, 1686, he was conse-
 
 30 OXFORD CATHEDRAL. 
 
 crated Bishop of Oxford, with permission to retain his archdeaconry in 
 cominendam. In 1687 he was forced on the society of Magdalen's Col- 
 lege as their president, by a mandate from King James; in which college he 
 died, March 20, 1087, and was buried in the south aile of the chapel. He 
 was author of many works, among which are " A free and impartial Cen- 
 sure of the Platonic Philosophy," London, 1000. " Disputationes de Deo 
 et Procidentia divind. Disp. i. An Philosophorum nl/i, et quintan Athci 
 fuerunt," &c. London, 1078. " An Account of the Government of the Chris- 
 tian Church in the first Six Hundred Years," &c. London, 1083, 8vo. 
 " Reasons for Abrogating the Test imposed upon all Members of Parlia- 
 ment, October 30, 1078," London, 1088; nearly two thousand copies of this 
 book were sold in twenty four hours after its publication. 
 
 15. Timothy Hall, a native of the parish of St. Catherine, London, be- 
 came a student of Pembroke College in 1054, under a Presbyterian master, 
 where he took one degree. After the restoration he became rector of All- 
 hallows, Staining, in Mark Lane. The bishoprick of Oxford was conferred 
 on him in 1088, in consequence of his reading the king's declarations for 
 liberty of conscience; but his nomination so offended the dean and canons 
 that they refused to install him, nor did the vice-chancellor or any one 
 meet or congratulate him on his arrival. He was ordained by Baptista, 
 Bishop of Man, who was then at Oxford, and died at Hackney, April 9, 
 1090, very poor, and was buried in the church there. 
 
 10. John Hough succeeded in 1090, and as a recompense for his suffer- 
 ings by the Roman Catholics he was allowed to retain the presidentship of 
 Magdalen College in commendam. He was translated to Lichfield : in my 
 history of that cathedral, further particulars of this prelate will be found. 
 
 17. Some account of Bishop Talbot, who was translated to Salisbury 
 in 1715, will be found in my History of that Cathedral. 
 
 18. 19. Bishops Potter and Secker. Accounts of these prelates will 
 be found in the History of Canterbury Cathedral, to which they were both 
 translated. 
 
 20. John Hume. A biographical account of this bishop is given in the 
 History of Salisbury Cathedral, where he afterwards presided. 
 
 21. Robert Lowth was the son of William Lowth, rector of Buriton in
 
 bishops: — 1706 to 1777. 31 
 
 Hampshire. He was educated at Winchester School, where he gave an 
 early specimen of his abilities, in a poem untitled " The Genealogy of 
 Christ, as it is represented on the East Window of Winchester College 
 Chapel." In 1741 he was elected Professor of Poetry to the University, 
 and gave lectures on Hebrew poetry, by which he acquired great re- 
 putation. His first preferment in the church was to the rectory of Ovin"-- 
 ton, which he received from Bishop Hoadly, who also conferred on him 
 the archdeaconry of Winchester in 1750, and in 1753 the rectory of East 
 Woodhay, in Hampshire. He received the degree of D. U. in July 1754, 
 which the University conferred in the most honourable manner. In 1755 
 he went to Ireland as first chaplain to the Marquis of Hartington, where 
 he had the offer of the bishoprick of Limeric, but exchanged it with Dr. 
 Leslie, for his prebendship of Durham, and rectory of Sedgefield. In 
 17G5 Dr. Lowth was elected fellow of the Royal Societies of London and 
 Gottingen, and in June, 1766, he was promoted to the see of St. David's, 
 about four months after which he was translated to that of Oxford, In 
 1777 he was again removed, and appointed to succeed Dr. Terrick in 
 the see of London. The king offered him the archbishoprick of Canter- 
 bury, but this he declined. He died November 3, 1787, aged seventy-seven, 
 and was buried at Fulham. He was author of a variety of works. In 
 1753 he published his Lectures under the title " De Sacra Poesi Hebrceo- 
 rum Prcelectiones Academicte," an enlarged edition of which appeared in 2 
 vols. 8vo. 1763. In 1758 he published his " Life of William of JFykeham," 
 8vo. and in 1762 " A short Introduction to English Grammar." His cele- 
 brated controversy with Warburton, and the " Letters" to which it gave 
 rise, are well known. " Isaiah: a new Translation, with a preliminary Dis- 
 sertation, and Notes, critical, philological, and explanatory ," was published 
 in 1778. It is the last of his literary labours, and occasioned the cele- 
 brated Philip Skelton to say, that " Lowth on the Prophecies of Isaiah is 
 the best book in the world, next to the Bible." 
 
 22. John Butler, D. D. was born at Hamburgh, December, 1717, and in 
 his early days was private tutor in the family of Mr. Child, the banker. He 
 became a popular preacher in London, and being introduced to Mr. B.
 
 32 OXFORD CATHEDRAL. 
 
 Legge, he assisted that gentleman in his political controversy with Lord 
 Bute, and otherwise was of service to him. Dr. Hayter, Bishop of Lon- 
 don, appointed him his first chaplain, and ahout the same time he obtained 
 the living of Everley in Wiltshire. Lord Onslow procured him the appoint- 
 ment of king's chaplain, and he was made a prebendary of Winchester. 
 He wrote several pamphlets in support of Lord North's administration, for 
 which he was rewarded with the archdeaconry of Surrey. He also pro- 
 cured a degree of D.D. from the Archbishop of Canterbury. In 1777 
 Lord North advanced him to the see of Oxford, although he had never 
 been graduated at either of the Universities. In 1788 he was translated 
 to Hereford, where he died, December 10, 1802. Butler wrote and pub- 
 lished many Sermons, &c. which he collected and reprinted in 1801, under 
 the title of Select Sermons: to which are added two Charges to the Clergy 
 of the Diocess. These he styles " posthumous." His political tracts were 
 numerous, and many of them published anonymously. 
 
 23. Edward Smallwell, D. D. was translated to Oxford from St. David's 
 in 1788, to which see he had been appointed in 1783. He was chaplain to 
 the king in 1706, made canon of Christ Church in 1775, and obtained the 
 degree of D. D. He was also rector of Batsford in Gloucestershire, and 
 died at his palace at Cuddesden, in 1799. 
 
 24. John Randolph the youngest son of Dr. Tho. Randolph, president 
 of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, was born in 1749, and took the degree 
 of A.M. in 1774; B. D. in 1782; and D.D. by diploma, in 1783. In 
 1776 he was appointed prelector of poetry, and in 1782 regius professor of 
 Greek. In the same year he was made a prebendary of Salisbury, and in 
 1783 became canon of Christ Church, regius professor of divinity, and rector 
 of Ewelme. In 1799 he was advanced to the see of Oxford, from which he 
 was translated to that of Bangor. In 1809 he was transferred to London. 
 He was author of many sermons and charges. One of his last works was 
 a report of the progress of the National School Society. " De Grcccce 
 Lingua Studio Prccleelio habila in Scholu Linguarum, 1783. Concio ad 
 Clerum in Synod provinciali Cantuariensis Provincice ad D. Pauli" 1790. 
 He died suddenly, July 28, 1813. He was dean of the chapel royal,
 
 BISHOPS JACKSON AND LEGGE. 33 
 
 visitor of Sion College, provincial Dean of Canterbury, one of the go- 
 vernors of the Charter House, and trustee of the British Museum. 
 
 23. Charles Moss was successor in this see to John Randolph ; he was 
 also chancellor of Bath and Wells, prebendary of Salisbury, and rector of 
 Therlield in Hertfordshire. He was of Christ Church College, and created 
 A.M. in 1780; and B.D. and D.D. in 1797. He had broken a blood vessel 
 sometime previous to his death, from the effects of which he never re- 
 covered. He died at Cuddesden, December, 1811, and was buried in the 
 cathedral, leaving his splendid furniture for the use of his successors. He 
 likewise bequeathed £42,000 to each of the daughters of a sister, and 
 £3,000 in aid of three schools upon Bell's system. 
 
 24. William Jackson was the younger son of Dr. Jackson, an eminent 
 physician at Stamford. At an early age he was sent to Westminster 
 School, where he was elected a king's scholar in 1764. In 1768 he was 
 elected a student of Christ Church, Oxford. At the University he ob- 
 tained the chancellor's prize for Latin verse, while he was an under-gra- 
 duate. He received the degrees of B.A. M.A. and B.D. successively; 
 and distinguished himself as rhetoric reader and censor. He received 
 from the Archbishop of York the situation of chaplain, and in 1780 the 
 same patron procured him a stall at Southwell, another at York in 1783, 
 and the rectory of Beeford in Yorkshire. In the same year he was ap- 
 pointed regius professor of Greek ; and soon afterwards, a curator of the 
 Clarendon press. About the same time he was nominated a preacher to 
 the Society of Lincoln's Inn. In 1709 he was promoted to a canonry in 
 Christ Church, and took his degree of D.D. His brother, Dr. Cyril Jack- 
 sou, having refused the offers of preferment made to him by the Prince 
 Regent, he, on the death of Dr. Moss, bestowed the bishoprick of Ox- 
 ford on Dr. William Jackson, December, 1811, who unfortunately did not 
 long enjoy his elevation ; for a painful and protracted complaint brought 
 him to the grave, December 2, 1815, at the age of sixty-five. He was suc- 
 ceeded by 
 
 25. The Honorable Edward Legge, the present dignified and learned 
 prelate.
 
 (Efjap* IT- 
 BIOGRAPHICAL ACCOUNTS OF THE DEANS OF OXFORD. 
 
 1 . John Hygden, or Higdon, took the degree of D. D. November 29, 
 1513; and in 1516 became president of Magdalen College: in 1524 he 
 was appointed prebendary of Wighton in Yorkshire ; and in the same 
 year was made Dean of Cardinal College. In 1532 the Society of Car- 
 dinal College being refounded by the king, under the title of" King Henry 
 VIII. 's College in Oxford," Hygden was continued Dean, but this dignity 
 he enjoyed only a few months. He was succeeded by 
 
 2. John Oliver, who, on the 23d of June, 1522, was made Dr. of Civil 
 Law. He was one of the commissioners who deprived Bishops Heth of 
 Worcester, and Day of Chichester, of their sees. In 1532 he succeeded 
 Hygden in the deanery of Christ Church. He afterwards became master 
 in Chancery and prebendary of Teynton Regis, cum Yalmeton in Wiltshire. 
 He died in Doctors' Commons, London, in May, 1552, and left most of his 
 property for charitable purposes. 
 
 3. Richard Cox was born at Whaddon in Buckinghamshire, and was 
 educated at Eton School. In 1519 he was elected a scholar of King's 
 College, Cambridge, where he took the degree of B. A. Soon afterwards 
 he went to Oxford, and was made one of the junior canons of King 
 Henry VIII. s College. In 1526 he became A.M. but was obliged to 
 leave the University on account of espousing the opinions of Luther, and 
 soon afterwards he became master of Eton. In 1537 he took the degree 
 of D. D. at Cambridge, and was made Archdeacon of Ely. In 1543 he 
 was appointed Dean of the Cathedral of Oseney, which being translated
 
 DEANS FROM 1543 TO 1564. 35 
 
 to Oxford in 1545, he retained his situation, and became the first Dean of 
 Christ Church Cathedral. In 1547 he was chosen chancellor of the Uni- 
 versity, and on the 6th of July, 1548, was installed a canon of Wind- 
 sor. About the same time he was made an almoner to the kins:, Dean of 
 Westminster, and privy counsellor. On the accession of Queen Mary, 
 he was deprived of his deaneries and put into the Marshalsea, whence he 
 was released in 1559, and retired to Frankfort. When Queen Elizabeth 
 came to the crown, he returned to England ; and December 21, 1559, was ap- 
 pointed to the Bishoprick of Ely. He wrote several Theological Essays, 
 and translated the Evangelists, and some of St. Paul's epistles. 
 
 4. Richard Marshall, or Martiall, took the degree of B.A. in 
 1552, and in 1553 was made dean, and about the same time prebendary 
 of Winchester. Being a zealous reformer, he was ejected from his 
 deanery by Queen Mary. Hoping to recover this, he recanted, but not 
 succeeding, retired into Yorkshire, where he died. 
 
 5. George Carew, in the early part of his life travelled abroad, and on 
 his return took orders, and was made Dean of Bristol in 1552 ; at the same 
 time having several preferments to canonries and prebendal stalls. In 
 1559 he was made Dean of the Chapel Royal, by Queen Elizabeth, who 
 also appointed him Dean of Windsor, and of Christ Church, and master 
 of the Savoy. He was deprived of the deanery of Bristol, but re-ap- 
 pointed to it in 1560, when he acquired the Deanery of Exeter. In 1561 
 he resigned that of Christ Church, Windsor iu 1572, and in 1580 that of 
 Bristol. Dying in 1585, aged eighty-five, he was buried in St. Giles's 
 Church, London. 
 
 6. Thomas Sampson was born about 1517. He was educated at Ox- 
 ford and removed to London, where he studied law in the temple, and 
 where he became a convert to the reformed religion. In 1549, having 
 been ordained by Archbishop Cranmer and Bishop Ridley, he became a 
 popular preacher. In 1552 he was made Dean of Chichester. He was 
 offered the bishoprick of Norwich in 1560, but declined it, from his reli- 
 gious principles. Having taken the degree of B. D. he was installed 
 Dean of Christ Church in 1561. Opposing himself to the customs and
 
 36 OXFORD CATHEDRAL. 
 
 usages of the church and college by his hostility to organs, vestments, &c. 
 after many admonitions he was removed from his deanery in 1564. Some- 
 time after he became master of Wigeton's hospital at Leicester, where he 
 died April 9, 1589. He wrote several theological works. 
 
 7. Thomas Godwyn was born at Okingham in Berkshire, 1517, and 
 about 1538 was sent to Oxford. In 1544 he was elected probationer of 
 Magdalen College, and the year after was made perpetual fellow. He 
 was then B. A. ; and obtained the degree of A.M. 1545 ; and of B. D. 1555. 
 When Queen Elizabeth ascended the throne, he took holy orders, and was 
 made Dean of Christ Church in 1565, and was next year advanced to the 
 deanery of Canterbury. In 1584 he was consecrated Bishop of Bath 
 and Wells. He died at Okingham, November 19, 1590, aged seventy- 
 three, and was buried in the parish church. 
 
 8. Thomas Cowper, or Couper, was a native of Oxford, and edu- 
 cated at the grammar school of Magdalen College, where he was a cho- 
 rister. In 1539 he was elected a probationer, and the year following per- 
 petual fellow. He soon became master of the school, and gave up his 
 fellowship. On Elizabeth's accession he took degrees in divinity; in 
 1567 was made Dean of Christ Church, and some years after vice-chan- 
 cellor of the University. In 1569 he was made Dean of Gloucester, and 
 in 1570 was appointed Bishop of Lincoln, whence he was translated to 
 Winchester in 1584. See " History, &c. of Winchester Cathedral.'' 
 
 9. John Piers was next advanced to this deanery from that of Chester, 
 and successively promoted to Rochester, Salisbury, and York. (See His- 
 tories, &c. of the two latter Cathedrals.) 
 
 10. ToniAS Mathew succeeded Piers in this deanery, and also in the 
 archi episcopal see of York. (See " History, &c. of York Cathedral.") 
 
 11. William James was a native of Sandbach in Cheshire. In 1559 
 he was admitted student of Christ Church, and took the degrees in arts. 
 He afterwards entered into holy orders, and became divinity reader of 
 Magdalen College. In 1572 he was made master of University College; 
 and appointed Dean of Christ Church in 1584. In 1596 he was pro- 
 moted to the Deanery of Durham, and in 1606, to the bishoprick ; in
 
 DEANS FROM 1594 TO 1038. 37 
 
 which office he died, May 11, 1017, and was buried in the cathedral of 
 that see. He published several sermons. 
 
 12. Thomas Ravis, or Raws, was born at Maiden in Surrey. He was 
 a king's scholar of Westminster, and became a student of Christ Church 
 in 1575. In 1592 he was made prebendary of Westminster, and in 1594 
 Dean of Christ Church. Next year he became D. D. and vice-chancellor. 
 In 1004 he was consecrated Bishop of Gloucester, and was translated to 
 London, in 1007. He died in 1009. 
 
 13. John King, or Kyng, a native of Wormhale in Buckinghamshire, 
 was educated at Westminster, and became a student of Christ Church in 
 1570. Having taken the degrees in arts, and entered into holy orders, he 
 was made chaplain to Queen Elizabeth, and in 1590 became Archdeacon 
 of Nottingham. He afterwards was appointed chaplain to Lord Keeper 
 Egerton, and had the deanery of Christ Church bestowed on him in 1005- 
 In 1011 he was made Bishop of London by King James, who used to call 
 him " the King of Preachers." After he became Bishop, he continued to 
 preach regularly every Sunday. He died, March 30, 1021, aged sixty- 
 two. 
 
 14. William Godwyn, or Goodwyn, was sub-almoner to Queen Eliza- 
 beth in 1590, at which time he had a benefice in Yorkshire. In 1005 he 
 was chancellor of York, and advanced to this deanery in 1011. In 1010 
 he was appointed Archdeacon of Middlesex, and dying in 1020, aged sixtv- 
 five, was buried in this cathedral. 
 
 15. Richard Corbet. See Bishop Corbet, and " History, &c. of Nor- 
 wich Cathedral." 
 
 10. Brian Duppa. See " History, &c. of Salisbury Cathedral." 
 17. Samuel Fell, D. D. was born in London, 1594, and was elected 
 a student of Christ Church in 1001. In 1008 he took the degree of A.M. 
 and served the office of proctor in 1014. The following year he was 
 admitted B. D. and about the same time became minister of Freshwater 
 in the Isle of Wight. In May 1019, he was installed canon of Christ 
 Church, and the same year became D. 1). being at that time chaplain to 
 King James. In 1020 he was made prebendary of Worcester, which was
 
 38 OXFORD CATHEDRAL. 
 
 at that time annexed to the Margaret professorship of divinity. Having 
 renounced the tenets of Calvinism, lie was appointed Dean of Lichfield, 
 1637, and the following year Dean of Christ Church. In 1645 he was 
 made vice-chancellor, from which office, as well as his deanery, he was 
 ejected by the parliamentary visitors, who were so exasperated at him for 
 his loyalty that he was obliged to abscond to save his life. He died, Feb. 
 1, 1648-9, and was buried in the chancel of Sunningwell Church, where 
 he was rector. 
 
 18. Edward Reynolds was translated from this deanery to the bishop- 
 rick of Norwich, January 6, 1660. In the account of that cathedral there 
 are some notices of him. 
 
 19. John Owen was sometime a member of Queen's College, and after- 
 wards became minister of Fordham and vicar of Coggeshall. He was 
 appointed Dean by the Parliament, and was nominated vice-chancellor 
 of this University ; but in 1659 he was deprived of his deanery, and then 
 retired to Stadham in Oxfordshire. He died at Ealing, August 24, 1683, 
 aged sixty-six. 
 
 20. George Morley was born in London, 1597, and became a student 
 of Christ Church in 1615, where he took the first degree in arts, 1618, and 
 that of M. A. in 1621. He afterwards became chaplain to the Earl of 
 Caernarvon, in which situation he continued until 1640, when he was pre- 
 sented to the rectory of Hartfield in Sussex, which he afterwards ex- 
 changed for that of Mildenhall in Wiltshire. Before this exchange could 
 be effected he received a canonry in Christ Church, 1641; but from this 
 situation he was ejected in 1647, when he retired to Holland ; and on the 
 return of King Charles he was appointed Dean of Christ Church, from 
 which he was translated to the bishoprick of Worcester the same year. 
 He afterwards became dean of the chapel royal, and was afterwards pro- 
 moted to the see of Winchester in 1662. Dying at Farnham, October 29, 
 1684, aged eighty-six, he was buried in his cathedral. See "Winchester 
 Cathedral." 
 
 21. John Fell. See Bishop Fell. 
 
 22. John Massey was born at Patney in Wiltshire, and was originally
 
 DEANS FROM 1660 TO 1713. 39 
 
 of University College, but became afterwards fellow of Morton College, 
 took the degree of A. M. in 1675, and was proctor in 1684. After James 
 II. became king, he was advanced to the deanery of Christ Church ; but 
 upon the arrival of the Prince of Orange he was obliged to withdraw to 
 London, and afterwards retired to France, where he became confessor to 
 the Convent of Blue Nuns at Paris. He died, August 11, 1715, aged 
 sixty-five, and was buried in the Convent Chapel. 
 
 •23. Henry Aldrich was admitted of Christ Church, Oxford, in 1662 ; 
 in 1681 was installed a canon, and in 1689 had the deanery conferred on 
 him. Besides his literary attainments, he acquired some eminence for his 
 skill in architecture and music. The three sides of Peckwater Square, 
 the chapel of Trinity College, and church of All Saints, were designed by 
 him. He composed many services for the church, and made considerable 
 collections for a History of Music, which are deposited in the College 
 Library. He printed " Elements of Architecture," in Latin, which was 
 translated and reprinted in 1789. 8vo. " Xenophontis Memorabilium, lib. 
 iv." 1690, 8vo. "Xenophontis Sermo de Agesilao," 1691, 8vo. " Ariste* 
 Historia 72 interpretum," 1692, 8vo. &c. &c. with several controversial 
 tracts. He was buried in this Cathedral, in December, 1710. 
 
 24. Francis Atterbury was installed dean of this cathedral, Septem- 
 ber 27, 1711; previous to which he had been chaplain to King William 
 and to Queen Anne; lecturer of St. Bride's; archdeacon ofTotness, 1700; 
 Dean of Carlisle, 1704; canon residentiary of the church of Exeter, and 
 preacher at the Rolls Chapel. In 1713 he was promoted to the bishop- 
 rick of Rochester and deanery of Westminster; and in 1722 was com- 
 mitted to the Tower on a charge of high treason, where he remained until 
 1723, and was then, on the passing of a Bill of Pains and Penalties 
 against him, obliged to leave the country. He died at Paris, February 15, 
 1731-2. The writings of this prelate have been popular. 
 
 25. George Sjiallridge, a native of Lichfield, was elected a student of 
 Christ Church in 1682, and in 1693 was made a prebendary of Lichfield. 
 In the year 1711 he was made canon of Christ Church, and in 1713 he 
 succeeded Atterbury in the deanery. Next year, he was consecrated
 
 40 OXFORD CATHEDRAL. 
 
 Bishop of Bristol, with permission to hold his deanery in commendam. 
 He died, September 27, 1719, and was buried at Bristol. 
 
 20. Hugh Boulter, originally of Christ Church, and afterwards fellow 
 of Magdalen College, succeeded to the deanery, 1719, which he held in 
 commendam with the bishoprick of Bristol ; and was promoted to the 
 primacy of Ireland in 1724. He died in London, September 28, 1742, 
 and was buried in Westminster Abbey Church. He left £1000 to Christ 
 Church to be applied for the founding of five exhibitions, to be distributed 
 among five of the poorest and most deserving of the commoners, and also 
 £500 for purchasing an estate to be distributed to five servitors. In 1769, 
 were published " Letters written by his Excellency Hugh Boulter, D. D. 
 Lord Primate of all Ireland, &c. to several Ministers of State in England, '" 
 and some others, containing an Account of the most interesting Transac- 
 tions which passed in Ireland from 1724 to 1738. 
 
 27. William Bradshaw was born at Abergavenny in 1G71, and was 
 installed Dean, September 17, 1724, being at the same time Bishop of Bris- 
 tol, and holding his deanery in commendam. He died, December 1G, 1732, 
 and was buried in Bristol Cathedral. 
 
 28. John Conybeare was born at Pinhoe, near Exeter, January, 1091. 
 Having gone through the different gradations of fellow, B. A. A.M. prae- 
 lector, deacon, priest, he procured the curacy of Fetcham in Surrey, 
 which he relinquished in about a year. In May, 1724, he was presented 
 to the rectory of St. Clement's in Oxford, and afterwards to that of Exeter 
 College. He was promoted to the deanery of Christ Church in 1733, which 
 he held in commendam, after his advancement to the see of Bristol, in 
 1751, where he died in 1755, and was buried in the cathedral. From his 
 early life Dr. Conybeare was distinguished for his acquirements; and the 
 numerous theological essays and moral discourses, which he has left, are 
 proofs of his merit as a scholar and sincerity as a christian. 
 
 29. David Gregory was appointed Dean, May 18, 1750. He was also 
 made professor of modern history and languages, prolocutor of the lower 
 house of convocation, and master of Sherborne Hospital, near Durham. 
 He died in 1707, and was buried in Christ Church Cathedral.
 
 DEANS FROM 1756 TO 1821 : MONUMENTS. 41 
 
 30. William Markham was promoted to the deanery, October 23, 1767. 
 He was appointed preceptor to the Prince of Wales in 1771, and was also 
 made Bishop of Chester; but held his deanery in commendam until his 
 translation to York in 1776. See " History of York Cathedral." 
 
 31. Lewis Bagot succeeded in 1727, and held the deanery in commen- 
 dam after his advancement to the see of Bristol in 1782; he was trans- 
 lated to Norwich in 1783, in the account of which cathedral more ex- 
 tended notices of him will be found. 
 
 32. Cyril Jackson, was a student of this house, and in 1771 was ap- 
 pointed subpreceptor to the Prince of Wales, and to the Duke of York, 
 being at the same time preacher in Lincoln's Inn. He became a canon of 
 Christ Church in 1777, and was preferred to this deanery, June 27, 1783, 
 where he presided till 1807, when he was succeeded by the present Dean, 
 
 33. Charles Henry Hall, D. D. 
 
 The MONUMENTS of this church are neither very antient, very fine, 
 or numerous. Besides those for Bishop King, Prior Philip, and Lady 
 Montacute, and that ascribed to St. Frideswide, there is none distinguished 
 for architectural or sculptured beauty, or interest. The situations of the 
 following are referred to by letters in the ground plan. 
 
 a. An altar tomb, of stone, surmounted by a succession of canopies, 
 niches, &c. and a small chamber, or oratory, at top, all of wood. These 
 are the works of different dates : as the carved wood is evidently of a 
 later style and character than the tomb. The latter appears to have had 
 the effigies of a man and woman cut in brass, aud inlaid in the upper 
 stone. It has been supposed by Willis, and other writers, that these were 
 intended to commemorate the parents of St. Frideswide 2 . 
 
 ' Near this monument was deposited in 1552, the body of Catharine, the wife of Peter Mar- 
 tyr, the reformer, who visited England in the time of Henry VIII., and became a canon of Christ 
 Church in 1550; but left this country on the accession of the sanguinary Queen Mary, and 
 died at Zurich in 1562. The counsellors of that female tyrant had this deceased iieretic tried, 
 condemned, and her remains torn from the earth, and thrown into a dunghill. They were again, 
 however, taken up in 1561, and deposited in their original grave, with much ceremony, by the 
 direction of Archbishop Parker, aud Griudal, Bishop of London, &C. 
 
 F
 
 42 OXFORD CATHEDRAL. 
 
 b. An altar tomb, sustaining the effigy of a female, said to represent and 
 commemorate Elizabeth, daughter of Peter de Montford, and wife of Wil- 
 liam de Montacute, who died " on Tuesday after the feast of the Blessed 
 Virgin, 1355 3 ." She directed that a chantry should be founded, at the 
 place of interment, for two " secular priests" to celebrate divine service 
 daily, for the repose of her own soul, and for the souls of John Boking- 
 ham, Bishop of Lincoln, and all her parents and friends. 
 
 c. An altar tomb with three lofty canopies, adorned with pinnacles, pe- 
 diments, crockets, finials, &c, and sustaining an effigy of an ecclesiastic, 
 but without pastoral staff or crozier. This monument is said by some 
 writers to commemorate Prior Guymond, or Prior Philip, who died 
 about 1190. By the style of the ornaments I am inclined to ascribe it to 
 the latter person. 
 
 d. An altar tomb with a recumbent effigy of a man in armour, reputed 
 to be that of Sir Henry de Bathe, justiciary of England, in the time of 
 Henry III.; but the figure and workmanship are much later, and are in 
 very bad style. 
 
 f. A monument to the memory of " James Souch, or Zouch, who died 
 1503." By his will he directs his executors to inter him under the win- 
 dow of the north transept, where a tomb was to be raised to his memory. 
 He " bequeaths ,£30. to the convent for vaulting or adorning this part of 
 the church, and 405. to the prior for his grave*." The device of an ink- 
 horn and pencase is repeated on the sides and front of this tomb. 
 
 i. A monument to Bishop King is of the altar form, inserted in the wall 
 beneath one of the old windows. It was originally placed in the choir, 
 but removed to its present station when the choir was repaved. 
 
 3 Dugdale's Baronage, i.. 410. 727. 
 
 « Willis's History, &c. of Cathedrals, ii. 410.
 
 atet of 33oofe$, 35jEtfai)$, antr ^rtnte, 
 
 THAT HAVE BEEN PUBLISHED RELATING TO 
 
 OXFORD CATHEDRAL; 
 
 ALSO, 
 
 A LIST OF ENGRAVED PORTRAITS OF ITS BISHOPS. 
 
 THIS LIST IS SUBJOINED TO GRATIFY THE BIBLIOGRAPHER, THE CRITICAL ANTIQUARY, AND THE ILLUSTRATOR ; AS 
 WELL AS TO SHOW, AT ONE VIEW, THE SOURCES WHENCE THE CONTENTS OF THE PRECEDING PAGES HAVE 
 BEEN DERIVED, AND THE FULL TITLES OF THE WORKS REFERRED TO IN THE NOTES. 
 
 The chief historical information relating to the Monastery of St. Frideswide is to be found in the 
 old historians and chroniclers, to whose labours modern writers are certainly much indebted, and 
 from whose works many have made copious extracts, without discrimination or qualification. 
 
 The religious Zealand superstitious credulity of those annalists and biographers, often led them 
 to make assertions which are not always founded in fact, or probability, but prompted them at the 
 same time to record many particulars which would otherwise have been lost ; and it is to them we 
 are principally indebted for what we know concerning the ancieut state of religion, as well as the 
 ecclesiastical architecture of this country. 
 
 William of Malmsbury, who wrote in the twelfth century, narrates the story of St. Frideswide — 
 the burning of the Danes in the church — its re-edification by Elhelred, &c. in his " De Gestis Re- 
 gum Anglorum," lib. iv. published in " Rerum Anglicarum Scriptores post Bedam proecipni, ex 
 vetustissimus codicibus mannscriptis nunc primum in lucemediti, Francofurti M. D.C.I." Hisac- 
 count is inserted, amongst other documents relating to the Monastery, in Dugdale's " Monasticon." 
 Malmsbury tells us, Legi ego scriptum, quod in archivo ejusdem ecclesice continetur, index fact i. 
 
 From " Domesday Book," a record of high antiquity and undoubted authenticity, we learn what 
 landed property belonged to the establishment at the time that work was compiled. 
 
 William de Worcestre, in his ">Itinerario," written about 1480, but not printed till 1778, merely 
 gives the length and breadth of the church in " gresses," or steps. 
 
 Two of the Registers of St. Frideswide's Priory are still preserved in Oxford : first, a manu- 
 script, of a large folio size, written on two hundred and fifty-one leaves of vellum (besides a few 
 transcripts of instruments on the leaves originally left blank), is in the Chapter-house of Christ 
 Church. The second is smaller and imperfect at the end, and is preserved with Bryan Twine's 
 MSS. (who gave it to the Society) in the library of Corpus Christi College. The arrangements 
 and contents of these registers are given in the notes to Dugdale's " Monasticon," vol. ii. p. 142. 
 
 Gerard Langbaine, Provost of Queen's College, and keeper of the University Archives, made 
 great collections for illustrating the History and Antiquities of Oxford. After his death, his MSS. 
 in 9 vols, were published by Anthony a Wood. Langbaine, in 1051, published the " Foundation 
 of the University of Oxford," 4to. This small work contains an account of various lands belonging 
 to the Monastery of St. Frideswide, with their situation, boundaries, &c. and was mostly taken from 
 the tables of John Scot of Cambridge. 
 
 Brian Twyne, who died early in the seventeenth century, made very considerable collections 
 relating to the University and City of Oxford, which he bequeathed at his death to the University. 
 Some references are made to these MSS. in the " Monasticon." They were of much service to the 
 celebrated Anthoni/ a Wood, who was laborious and indefatigable in investigating the antiquities of 
 Oxford. He sold 25 volumes of his manuscript collections to the university in 16D2, and these have 
 furnished materials for many subsequent publications. 
 
 Dugdale's " Monasticon Anglicanum," folio, the first volume of which was printed in 1G55, the 
 second in 1661, and the third in 1673, is a work expressly devoted to the elucidation and illustra- 
 tion of the religious establishments of this country. We accordingly find in the edition published 
 in folio, 11U7, " with large additions and improvements," vol. ii. p. 135, &c. a History of the Monas- 
 tery of St. Frideswide and Christ Church Cathedral, from their foundation; with the principal 
 
 G
 
 44 OXFORD CATHEDRAL: LIST OF BOOKS, ESSAYS, ETC. 
 
 original documents whence the account lias been drawn up. The chief of these are, 1. An Extract 
 from William of Mahusbury : — 2. " Ex Historia MS. Johannes Tinemuthensis," in Bib. Bodl. 
 lib. xvii. e. 210, relating the story of St. Frideswide, and mentioning the foundation of the Nun- 
 nery:— 3. Extracts " ex lib. incerti authoris de vita S. Frideswidae virginis: — 1. Ex IMS. Gir. 
 Langbaine:" — 5. " Ex libro censuali vocato Domesday Book :" — 6. " Ex Registro quodam 
 Monasterii. S. Frideswidae : — 7. An Inventory of the ornaments, plate, &c. belonging to the 
 monastery; besides a number of charters, bulls, letters, visitations, prohibitions, &c. 
 
 In 1714, John Ayliff'e, LL. D. published " The antient and present State of the University of 
 Oxford" 8vo. containing an account of its antiquity, sufferings from the Danes and others, an 
 account of its colleges, halls, public buildings, &c. 
 
 Leonard Hutten, who was a canon of Christ Church, in a "letter on the Antiquities of Oxford," 
 annexed to Hearne's " Textus lioffensis," relates some particulars respecting this monastery. 
 
 In 17-19 John Pointer, M. A. published " Oxoniensis Academia: or the Antiquities and 
 Cariosities of the University of Oxford," Lond. Duodecimo. This work contains " an account of 
 all the public edifices, both ancient and modern," chapels, parish churches, curiosities, customs, &c. 
 Sir John Peshall's " Ancient and Present State of Oxford," Lond. 1773, 4to. has a short notice 
 of the monastery of St. Frideswide and Christ Church Cathedral. His work was compiled chiefly 
 from Wood's collections, and from the same source he drew his materials for a " History of the 
 University of Oxford to the Death of William the Conqueror," Oxford, 1772, 8vo.; and a continua- 
 tion of the same " to the Demise of Queen Elizabeth," Oxford, 1773, 4to. 
 
 Wood's MSS. were published by the Rev. John Gutrh, M. A. under the title of the " History and 
 Antiquities of the University of Oxford, in two Books, by Anthony a Wood," Oxford, 1792, in 
 two vols. 4to. the second being divided into two parts, or volumes. The same editor published 
 another 4to. volume in 1786, entitled, "The History and Antiquities of the Colleges and Halls," 
 by An. a Wood, to which he added an appendix, 1700. This work contains an account of various 
 monuments, inscriptions, arms, &c. in the cathedral. 462-466. 
 
 A " History of the Colleges, Halls, and Public Bui/dings attached to the University of 
 Oxford, including the Lives of the Founders," by Alex. Chalmers, F. S. A. 2 vols. 8vo 1810. con- 
 tains an ample account of the foundation of the college and cathedral, with a particular description 
 of the present church, its monuments, &c. and a list of the principal livings in the gift of Christ 
 Church; accompanied with " a View of Christ Church from Christ Church Gardens," and ano- 
 ther of the " Cathedral.'' 
 
 No. III. of a " Graphic and Historical Description of the Cathedrals of Great Britain," by 
 Janus Storer, 8vo. 1813, is devoted to a description of Oxford Cathedral, which is illustrated by- 
 eight plates and a plan: — viz. South-east View from the Cloisters: — North-west View : — Divinity 
 Chapel: — East Side of Chapter House: — View in the Cloisters: — South Side of the Nave and 
 Choir : North Aile of the Choir: — Tomb of Guymond. 
 
 In 1814, A " History of the University of Oxford, its Colleges, Halls, and Public Buildings," 
 2 vols. elep. 4to. Printed for R. Ackermann, London ; and contains plates of the Chapter 
 House, Mackenzie, del. J. Bluck, sc. ; Part of Christ Church Cathedral, being a View in the 
 North Aile of the Choir, W. Westal, del. W. Bennet, sc. :— View of the Choir, F. Nash, del. 
 /''. C. Leicis, sc. These are coloured to imitate the original drawings. 
 
 " The Oxford Guide," 1818, and " The New Oxford Guide," 1817, contain some particulars of 
 Christ Church and its cathedral ; but nothing new or interesting. 
 
 " Walks in Oxford, comprising an original, historical, and descriptive Account of the Col/tges, 
 Halls, and Public Buildings of the University," 8vo. 1817, by W. M. Wade. A concise account 
 of Christ Church is given, chiefly from Chalmers. 
 
 Among the more general works, where any thing relating to the ancient monastery of St. Frides- 
 wide or the cathedral of Christ Church is recorded, " Leland's Collectanea," written in the reign 
 of Henry VIII., and first printed by Hearne in 1714-15, but reprinted in 1774, contains several 
 particulars relative to the monastery. See vol. i. 46, 279 ; h- 326, 418 ; iii. 268 ; iv. 72. 
 
 In Kennett's " Parochial Antiquities," Oxon. 1695, 4to. and second edition, are many charters, 
 bulls, confirmations, ordinations, Arc. relating to the monastery. 
 
 Among the documents preserved in Rymer's " Fa:dera," the first volume of which was printed 
 in 1704, are, " Clemens V"" Papa suscipit Priorem et Conventum Sanchv Frideswida; Oxonii sub 
 sua protectione." " Bulla Clementis Septimi Papa; de auctoritate supprimendi monasteria." 
 " Littera Regis Henrici Octavi de Assensu suo pro suppressione Monasteriorum." " De Monaste-
 
 OXFORD CATHEDRAL: — LIST OF BOOKS, ESSAYS, ETC. 45 
 
 riis suppressis et collegio Caniinalis Eborum concessis," &c. &c. These documents are reprinted 
 in Dugdale's Monasticon. 
 
 The laborious Browne Willis, in his " History of the Mitred Parliamentary Abbies," 2 vols. 
 8vo. Lond. 1719-20 and 21, gives some account of the Church and Priors of St. Frideswide; and in 
 his "Surrey of the Cathedrals of England," 3 vols. 4to. 1727,-1730, and 1733, is an account of 
 the establishment of the Bishoprick, with the endowment and alienation of its lands. 
 
 In Wilkins's " Concilia Magna Britannite," published in 4 vols. fol. 1736, are various deeds, 
 charters, grants, &c. made to the monastery and cathedral. 
 
 Bishop Tanner's " Notitia Monastica; or an Account of all the Abbies, Priories; and Houses of 
 Friers, formerly in England and Wales," first published by John Tanner in 1744, and " reprinted 
 with many additions," by James Nasmyth, M. A. 1787, contains a brief account of St. Frideswide's 
 Monastery, with a copious list of authorities and transcripts of many original documents. 
 
 In King's " Munimenta Antiqua," vol. iv. published in 1805, are a few remarks intended to 
 prove the author's favourite theory of the Saxon origin of the older parts of the church. Five 
 plates are given in illustration of the remarks:— viz. 1. East Side of the North Transept: — 2. Part 
 of the North Side of the Choir, omitting the Closets and Stalls: — 3. North Side of the Choir in its 
 original state : — 4 and 5. " Saxon Capitals." These are very inaccurate, and therefore very im- 
 proper to describe or make any inferences from. Mr. King indeed was a theorist on most subjects 
 of antiquity, and consequently a very dangerous guide. 
 
 ACCOUNTS OF THE PRIORS, BISHOPS, &c. 
 
 " A Catalogue of the Bishops of England," by Fras. Godwin, first published in English in 1601, 
 and reprinted in Latin 1616, under the title " De Prasulibus Angli<e," was again republished, 
 with additions and corrections by William Richardson, in 1743, contains a list of the Bishops and 
 Deans of Oxford, with some account of the foundation of the monastery. 
 
 " Fasti Ecclesice Anglicana," by Le Neve, Lond. 1716, contains also a list of its bishops, dea- 
 cons, archdeacons, and canons. 
 
 In Roberts's " Letters and Miscellaneous Papers," 4to. Lond. 1814, is a list of the priors 
 and biographical sketches of the first thirteen deans of Christ Church. 
 
 In Wood's " Athena Oxoniensis," comprehending his " Fasti," new ed. by Philip Bliss, in four 
 vols. 4to. Lond. 1820, are biographical accounts of most of the bishops and (leans of this church. 
 
 In the " Monasticon," already referred to, is a list of priors, bishops, and deans. 
 
 ENGRAVED VIEWS OF THE CHURCH AND OF ITS MONUMENTS. 
 
 In addition to those prints already specified, the following are published in Willis's " Surrey of 
 the Cathedrals," 4to. 1742. vol. ii. 402, An " Ichnography or Platform of the Cathedral Church," 
 with references to the monuments, &c. showing four arches of the western part of the church, 
 and part of the " cloysters pulled down when the colledge was built, to make room for lodgings;" 
 also, "The North Prospect of the Cathedral Church,'' engraved by Cole. 
 
 In Carter's " Antient Architecture of England," fol. 179a, is a plate, No. XXVIII. containing 
 an elevation of one compartment of the North Transept, with plan and details; also a concise 
 description of the same, and a statement that it was built in 1004. 
 
 In No. I. of " Cathedral, Collegiate and Abbey Churches," by J. C. Buckler, 4to. 1816, is an 
 interesting and well chosen view of " Christ Church Cathedral" from the South-east, showing the 
 Chapter House, &c. also a description of the Church. 
 
 Malton's " Views of Oxford," fol. Lond. 1810, contains " the West Front of Christ Church," 
 " Christ Church from the Chaplain's Court," and "the Cathedral of Christ Church.'' 
 
 " Specimens of Gothic Architecture," by F. Mackenzie and A. Pugin, 4to. Lond. contains " Arch 
 and Capitals, North Transept, Oxford Cathedral." " Upper Window in North Transept." Statue 
 of Cardinal Wolsey under a canopy. Pendant in the Choir of the Cathedral. 
 
 In the Oxford Almanack for 1724, is a Bird's-eye View of the whole College from the North-west 
 angle, with full length portraits of King Henry VIII., Cardinal Wolsey, and two other founders and 
 benefactors in the foreground. This, and the following subjects marked with O. A. R. are re-en- 
 graved by Mr. J. Skelton, for his useful work of " Oxonia Antiqua Restaurata." 
 
 A Bird's-eye View of Christ Church Buildings, including the North Side of the Cathedral, was 
 engraved by J. Harris, from a drawing by W. Williams, for the Ox. Aim. 1725, O. A. R.
 
 40 OXFORD CATHEDRAL: — LIST Or PRINTS, ETC. 
 
 " South-east View of Christ Church," from the Meadows, in which the Spire of the Cathedral 
 only is shown, for the Ox. Aim. 177G, O. A. R. 
 
 " Christ Church from the Meadows," engraved by Basire, from a drawing by Turner, for the 
 Ox. Aim. for 179!), O. A. R. 
 
 " South-east View of Christ Church Cathedral," Edward Dayes, del. James Basire, sculp., for 
 the Ox. Aim. Engraved in a coarse, open style, but correct in proportions. O. A. R. 
 
 " View of the Cathedral of Christ Church, and part of Corpus Christi College;" J. M. IV. 
 Turner, del. James Basire, sc. for the Ox. Aim. This is incorrect in proportions and details, 
 and only shows the Tower, and part of the East End. 
 
 " The Cathedral of Christ Church, from the Dean's Garden ;" M. A. Rooker, del. et sculp. 
 
 In Dugdale's " Monasticon Anglicanum," Lond. 1817. vol. ii. is a view of " Christ's Church 
 Cathedral, from the Dean's Garden; drawn and etched by J. Coney." 
 
 ENGRAVED PORTRAITS OF THE BISHOPS AND DEANS. 
 Robert King : a full length, from the painted glass, William Towler, sc. 
 John Howson*: fol. 31. Dro, (eshout.) 
 Nathaniel Crew : 1. Kneller, pinx. 1698, J. Faber, sc. mez. 1727—2. large fol. D. Loggan, 
 
 sc— 3. large mez. F. Place ; — 4. fol. R. White. 
 Henry Compton*: 1. J. Riley, pinx.— Isaac Becket, sc. mez.— 2. large fol. D. Loggan,\6~9 ; 
 
 — 3. Hargrave, pinx. — J. Limon, sc. mez. — 4. J. Smith, 4to. mez. 
 John Fell, with John Dolben and Richard Allestree. P. Lely, pinx. D. Loggan, sc. 
 John Hough, see History, &c. of Lichfield Cathedral: — 1. Dyer, pinx. Faber, sc.— 2. mez. en- 
 graved bv Heath, from "the same picture in Wilmot's Life of the Bishop, 4to. 1812. 3. Riley, 
 
 pinx. Williams, sc. — 4. mez. prefixed to his " Life," by Wilmot. Kneller, pinx. Car. Watson, sc. 
 
 In the same volume is a view of his monument in Worcester Cathedral, and a representation of 
 
 the Bass relief, on a Tablet. 
 William Talbot, as chancellor of the Order of the Garter: 1. Kneller, pinx. Faber, sc. — 2. 
 
 Kneller, pinx. Vertue, 1720, fol. A third in Hutchinson's History of Durham. 
 John Potter *: oval frame, large fol. Dahl, pinx. G. Vertue, sc. 1727- ha. len. large fol. — T. 
 
 Gibson, pinx. Fertile, sc. an etching. See History of Salisbury Cathedral. 
 Thomas Secker : Hudson, pinx. M'Ardell, sc. mez. — oval frame, T Willes, pinx. M'Ardell, sc. 
 
 17 17, mez. 
 Robert Lowth, sitting with the Hebrew Bible before him, large fol. R. E. Pine, pinx. J. K. 
 
 Sherwin, sc. 1777. The first impression was inscribed " Bishop of Oxford." 
 
 DEANS.— John Conybeare*, as Bishop of Bristol, 4to. 
 
 John King*, 4to. 1. F. Deluram, sc. — 2. 4to. N. Lockey, pinx. S. Pass, sc. 
 
 Brian Duppa *, prefixed to his " Helps to Devotion," 1674, 12mo. R. White, sc. See History, 
 
 &c. of Salisbury Cathedral. 
 George Morley*: P. Lely, pinx. R. Tompson, sc — in Birch's "Lives," Lely, pinx. Vertue, 
 
 sc. 1740. — sitting in a chair. See History of Winchester Cathedral. 
 John Fell. See Bishop Fell. 
 Henry Aldrich*: Busch, sc. — in Hawkins's "Hist, of Music," G. Kneller, pinx. J. Caldwell, 
 
 sc. oval, Kneller, Heath, prefixed to Elements of Civil Architecture, 8vo. 1813. Oval, mez. 
 
 Kneller, pinx. 1696. Smith, sc. 
 Francis Atterbury * : oval, ad vivum, Faber, sc. mez. — 4to. Faber, sc. mez. — Kneller, pinx. 
 
 Vr. Gucht, sc. fol. — oval, 8vo. Vr. Gucht, Kneller, 1718, J. Simon, sc. mez. J. Smith, sc. 
 
 large fol. mez. prefixed to his " Sermons," 8vo. Vertue, sc. 1735, G. White, sc. 
 Hugh Boulter*, Archbishop of Armaigh, 1724: own hair, sitting, holding a book, mez. W. 
 
 Ashton, pinx. T. Beard, 1728, whole length, several persons attending as on a visitation, sh. 
 
 mez. /'. Bindon, pinx. 1742. J. Brooks, sc. 
 William Markham*: three quarters, standing, holding a square cap, sh. inez. Reynolds, del. 
 
 J. R. Smith, sc. 1778. — another in a canonical habit; anonymous. 
 
 * Portraits of all whose names are distinguished by an *, are hung up in tlie Hall of Christ Church College, where are also 
 those of Bishops Corbel, Bancroft, SmaUweU, and Jackson. Deans Ravis, Sniallridge, Fell, Bradshaw, Bagol, Jackson, 
 and Cation Burton. Oxford Guide.
 
 47 
 
 A CHRONOLOGICAL LIST 
 
 OF 
 
 ®i)t ^riot* of &U d?ri&estotHe anO astefjopjs of ©xfortr, 
 
 WITH 
 
 CONTEMPORARY KINGS OF ENGLAND. 
 
 Guimond, or Wimund 
 
 SRobt. de Cricklade, alias 
 Canutus 
 
 Philip 
 
 John 
 
 William 
 
 Simon 
 
 Hellas, or Elias 
 
 E Scotus 
 
 (William de Gloucester, 
 ( or de Glovernia 2 
 
 Walter de Crokesley 
 
 Gilbert 
 
 Robert de Weston 3 
 
 Robert or John de Olney 4 ... 
 
 \ John Lewknor or de Lew- 
 
 j keneshovre 
 
 Robert de Ewelm 5 
 
 Alexander de Sutton 
 
 Robert de Dorvestone 
 
 John de Lyttlemore 
 
 Nicholas de Hungerford 
 
 John de Wallingford 
 
 John Dudeford 
 
 Thomas Bradenell 
 
 From . 
 
 23 , Richard de Oxenford . 
 
 21 Edmund Andover 
 
 25 Robert Downham 
 
 26 ; George Norton 
 
 27 Richard Walker 
 
 2S Thomas Ware — 
 2!l \\ illiam Chedill . 
 30 John Burton 
 
 BISHOPS. 
 
 1 Robert King, D.D. 9 . 
 
 2 Hugh Coren, LL.D. 
 
 3 John Underhill, D. D 
 
 Died or Translated. 
 
 i^orman Drmastrj. 
 
 .July 20, 
 
 ..Sept. 19, 
 ....Oct. 17, 
 ... June 3, 
 ....July 28, 
 
 ....Oct. 1, 
 
 ....Feb. 3, 
 ...April 29, 
 .August 30, 
 
 Feb. 2, 
 
 ...May 11, 
 
 Dec. 
 
 May 23, 
 
 '1111 
 
 1150 
 
 1180 
 1191 
 1201 
 1225 
 1228 
 
 1235 
 
 1235 
 1235 
 124s 
 1259 
 
 1278 
 
 1284 
 1294 
 1310 
 1338 
 1349 
 1302 
 1373 
 1391 
 
 To.. 
 
 1130 or 1141 
 
 Resigned 1228 
 
 Deprived 1235 
 
 1278 
 
 Resigned 1291 
 
 Died 1310 
 
 1346 
 
 6 1349 
 
 Resigned 1362 
 
 Resigned 1373 
 
 Resigned from age 1391 
 
 Itancastman. 
 
 1401 
 
 .JuneS, 1434 
 
 1440 
 
 147- 
 
 1480 
 
 Died about 1440 
 
 Died about 1480 
 
 1495 
 
 SRnton of |9orfc anb "Eanrastcr. 
 
 ..Jan. 0, 1496 1501 
 
 ..June 6, 1501 Resigned 1513 
 
 .April 8, 1513 1 Resigned 7 
 
 <Rcfonnation. 
 
 .Nov. 4, 1546 
 ...Sep. 3, 1567 
 .Dec. 14, 1589 
 
 Oxford . 
 
 Oseney . 
 
 Oxford 
 
 Swinbrook . 
 
 Kings. 
 
 Henry I. 
 
 Henry II. 
 
 Richard I. 
 Richard I. 
 John. 
 
 Henry III. 
 Henry III. 
 Henry III. 
 
 Henry III. 
 
 Henry III. 
 Henry III. 
 Henry III. 
 Henry III. 
 
 Henry III. 
 
 Henry III. 
 Edward I. 
 Edward II. 
 Edward III. 
 Edward III. 
 Edward III. 
 Edward III. 
 Richard II. 
 
 Henry IV. 
 Henry VI. 
 Henry VI. 
 Edward IV. 
 Edward IV. 
 
 Heury VII. 
 Henry VII. 
 Henry VIII. 
 
 Henry VIII. 
 
 Elizabeth. 
 Elizabeth. 
 
 Dec. 4, 1557 
 
 Oct. 1568 
 
 May, 1592| Oxford. 
 
 1 Godwin says it was in 1110 that he became Prior. A MS. in Har. Coll. No. "o, has it Millesimo Cmo. XXIJ.- Dugdale's Mon. Angl. ii. 135. 
 
 a Twyne calls him William de Sancto Aldato. a Willis, iu .Mil. Abbies, places this prior immediately alter William, Ihe fifth prior. 
 
 4 Huberts says he was elected 1254, and calls him De Aney. 5 Roberts calls him Weston, alias Eveline. 
 
 6 According to Willis, he died in 1316. 7 Resigned to Wolsey alter presiding eleven years. In 1531 he was made abbot of Oseney. 
 
 s Translated from Oseney, of which he was the last Abbot.— Le Neve, 228.
 
 48 
 
 CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF BISHOPS, ETC. 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 14 
 
 15 
 
 John Bridges, D. D Jan. 12, 
 
 John Howson, D. D May 9, 
 
 Richard Corbett, D.D Oct 19, 
 
 John Bancroft, D.D June 10, 
 
 Robert Skinner 
 
 William Paul, D.D Dec. 20, 
 
 Walter Blandlord, D.D Dec. 3, 
 
 Nathaniel Crew July 2, 
 
 Henry Compton Dec. 6, 
 
 John Fell Feb. 6, 
 
 Samuel Parker Oct. 17, 
 
 Timothy Hall | Oct. 7, 
 
 l(i John Hough May 11, 
 
 17 William Talbot Sept. 21, 
 
 18 I John Potter j May 15, 
 
 Elected or Admitted. 
 
 Died or Translated. 
 
 Pinion of ©toluns- 
 
 19 
 20 
 21 
 22 
 23 
 24 
 25 
 26 
 27 
 
 Thomas Seeker Bristol March, 
 
 John Hume I Bristol June 10, 
 
 Robert Lowth 
 
 John Butler 
 
 Edward Smallwell. 
 
 John Randolph 
 
 Charles Moss 
 
 William Jackson ... 
 Henry Legge 
 
 St. David's... .Sept. 1G, 
 
 May 3, 
 
 St. David's, March 11, 
 
 Aug. 13, 
 
 Jan. 13, 
 
 Dec. 31, 
 
 March 21, 
 
 1003 
 1019 
 1628 
 1G32 
 1611 
 1663 
 1665 
 1671 
 1674 
 1675 
 1686 
 1688 
 1690 
 1699 
 1715 
 1737 
 1758 
 1766 
 1777 
 1788 
 1799 
 1807 
 1811 
 1816 
 
 MarcB 2(1, 
 
 To Durham Sept. 18, 
 
 Norwich, April 7 
 
 Feb. 
 
 To Worcester, Oct 
 
 May 21, 
 
 Worcester June 13, 
 
 To Durham Oct. 22, 
 
 To London Dec. 18, 
 
 Jnly, 
 
 March 20, 
 
 April 10, 
 
 To Lichfield. ..Aug. 5, 
 
 Salisbury April 23, 
 
 Canterbury ....Feb. 28, 
 
 Canterbury 
 
 Salisbury 
 
 London May 3, 
 
 Hereford 
 
 Bangor 
 
 Dec. 2, 
 
 1618 
 1628 
 1632 
 1640 
 1663 
 1665 
 1671 
 1674 
 1675 
 1686 
 1687 
 1690 
 1699 
 1714 
 1737 
 1758 
 17G6 
 1777 
 1788 
 1799 
 1807 
 1811 
 1815 
 
 Oxford 
 
 St. Paul's, London — 
 
 Norwich 
 
 Church ofCuddesden . 
 
 Worcester 
 
 Church of Brightwell 
 Worcester Cathedral . 
 
 Stene 
 
 Fulltam 
 
 Oxford 
 
 Magd. College Chapel 
 
 Hackney Church 
 
 Worcester Cathedral. 
 St. James's, Westm. 
 
 Croydon 
 
 Lambeth 
 
 Salisbury 
 
 Fulbam 
 
 Fulham 
 
 Oxford 
 
 Oxford 
 
 Kings. 
 
 James I. 
 James I. 
 
 Charles I. 
 Charles I. 
 Charles II. 
 Charles II. 
 Charles II. 
 Charles II. 
 Charles II. 
 Charles II. 
 James II. 
 James II. 
 William 8t Mart 
 Anne. 
 George I. 
 George II. 
 George II. 
 George III. 
 George III. 
 George 111. 
 George III. 
 George III 
 George III. 
 
 U ©IjronolOQtcal £t$t of tfje l^an* of <&$tm& anti ©xfotU. 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 10 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 1 I 
 
 Id 
 
 16 
 
 17 
 
 John Bygden . 
 John 01i\ «-i ' . 
 
 Richard Co\ 2 . 
 
 Richard Martial! . 
 
 George Carew 
 
 Thomas Sampson. 
 Thomas Godwyo.. 
 Thomas Cowper.. . 
 
 John Piers 
 
 Tohy Mathew 
 
 William James ... 
 
 Thomas Ravys 3 ... 
 
 John Kyng 
 
 William Godwyu. 
 
 Richard Corbet , 
 
 Brian Doppa . 
 
 Samuel Fell .. 
 
 Admitted. 
 
 <Os 
 
 ,JNo 
 
 1524 
 
 Feb. 1533 
 ieney, } 
 
 ov.4,1545\ 
 . 1553 
 ...May 16, 1559 
 
 1561 
 
 June, 1565 
 
 ...April 30, 1567 
 
 1.570 
 
 1576 
 
 1584 
 
 1594 
 
 ..Aug. 4, 1605 
 ..Sept. 13, 1611 
 
 ..June 24, 1620 
 
 ..Nov. 28, 1629 
 ..June 24, 1G38 
 
 Died, or removed. 
 
 Died 1532 
 
 Died 1552 
 
 Deprived 1553 
 
 Ejected May, 1559 
 
 Resigned 15G1 
 
 Deprived 1561 
 
 Dean of Canterbury 1566 
 Bp. of Lincoln,... 1570 
 Bp. of Rochester, 1576 
 
 Resigned 1584 
 
 Dean of Durham, 159G 
 ( Bp. of Gloucester 
 
 I March 19 1604 
 
 Bishop of London, 1611 
 
 June 11, 1G20 
 
 (Bp. of Oxford, 
 
 I Oct. 19 1628 
 
 Bp. of Salisbury... 1638 
 Ejected Feb. 1, 1648 
 
 Edward Reynolds . 
 John Owen 4 
 
 Edward Reynolds. 
 George Morley 
 
 John Fell 5 
 
 John Massey 
 
 Henry Aldrich 
 
 Francis Atterbury — 
 George Smallridge".. 
 
 Hugh Boulter 
 
 William Bradsfaaw..., 
 
 John Conybeare 
 
 David Gregory 
 
 William Markham... 
 
 Lewis Bagot 
 
 Cyril Jackson 
 
 Charles Henry Hall.. 
 
 ...April 12, 1648 
 ...Mar. 18, 1651 
 ( Restored, ) 
 (Mar. 13,16591 
 
 ...July 27, 1660 
 
 .Nov. 30, 1060 
 
 .Dec. 29, 
 .June 17, 
 .Sept 27, 
 ..July 18, 
 ...Nov. 6, 
 .Sept. 17, 
 ..Jan. 17, 
 • May 18, 
 ..Oct. 23, 
 ..Jan. 25, 
 ..June 27, 
 ..Oct. 21, 
 
 1686 
 1689 
 1711 
 1713 
 1719 
 1724 
 1732 
 1756 
 1767 
 1777 
 1783 
 1809 
 
 Died, or removed. 
 
 Ejected 1650 
 
 Ejected 1659 
 
 Resigned 
 
 $ Bp. of Worces- 
 
 i ter, Oct 1660 
 
 i Bp. of Oxford, 
 
 , Feb. G, 167:, 
 
 Resigned, Nov. 30, IG.ss 
 
 Died Dec. 14, 1710 
 
 Bp. of Rochester.. 1713 
 
 Sept. 27, 1719 
 
 Archbp. of Armagh, 1724 
 
 .. Dec. 16, 1737 
 
 Died July 13, 1755 
 
 1767 
 
 Vrclibpofiork.... 1776 
 Bp. of Norwich.. . 1783 
 Died 1809 
 
 l Godwin mentions Moore as a successor to Higrien. 2 He was the first dean on the cathedral foundation. 3 Le Neve Bays, 1596. — 231. 
 
 i I.e Neve says he enjoyed the office from March 18, 1050.— 231. 5 He was permitted to hold the deanery in commendam. 
 
 6 Bishop of Bristol in 1714, with leave also to hold the deanery in conmiendam. Le Neve says lie was removed to the deanery on the lllh of July.
 
 49 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Aldrich, dean, account of, 39; portrait, 46. 
 Algar, a Mercian prince, story of, 6. 
 Assignment of plate, jewels, &c. to dean and 
 
 chapter, 13. 
 Atterbury, dean, account of, 39 ; portrait, 46. 
 
 B 
 Bagot, dean, account of, 41 ; portrait, 46. 
 Bancroft, bishop's palace built by, 11 ; account 
 
 of, 25 ; portrait, 46. 
 Bensey, retreat of Frideswide, 7. 
 Blandford, bp. account of, 26. 
 Boulter, dean, account of, 40 ; portrait, 46. 
 Bradshaw, dean, account of, 40 ; portrait, 46. 
 Bridges, John, bp. account of, 2.5. 
 Bulls, from Clement VII. 10—11. 
 Burton, prior, resigns and made abbot of Ose- 
 
 ney, 10. 
 Butler, bp. account of, 31. 
 
 Canons secular placed in priory, ejected, re- 
 stored, expelled, 9; regular, placed; augus- 
 tine, settled, ib. 
 
 Capitals, PI. IV. 21. 
 
 Carew, dean, account of, 35. 
 
 Carter's " Autient Architecture," inaccurate 
 prints in, pre. 1. 
 
 Cathedral of Oxford, peculiarities of, 1 — 5; 
 title and endowment, 11; revenues, 10; erec- 
 tion and dates of, 15, 16; chapter-house, 
 16, 17 ; date of spire, 17 ; west end taken 
 down — roof removed, 18 ; arrangement of, 
 19; exterior described, and view from north- 
 east, 20, and PI. II ; door-way to chapter- 
 house, PI. III. 21 ; plan of, PI. I. 19; capi- 
 tals of, PI. IV. 21 ; transepts, tower, aile, PI. 
 V. 22 ; transept, exterior and interior, tower 
 and spire, PI. VI. 22; tower, one arch of 
 nave, and one of choir, PI. VII. 22 ; chapter- 
 house, PI. VIII. 22; north ailes, PI. XI. 23 ; 
 choir, Pis. X. and XI. 23; cloister plan, PI. 
 I. 17. 
 
 Chapels, when probably built, 17; latin, ac- 
 
 count of, ib. ; dean's, represented, PI. IX.; 
 described, 23. 
 
 Chapter-house, when erected, 16; described, 
 PI. VIII. 22 ; door-way to, PI. III. 21. 
 
 Cheke, John, dismissed from Henry VIII's col- 
 lege, pensioned, 11. 
 
 Choir, stalls, pavements, &c. in, 18; arch of, 
 PI. VII. 22; view of, Pis. X. XI. 
 
 Church of the Holy Trinity, 7; tower, Danes 
 burnt in, 8. 
 
 Clement VII. his bulls for the college, 11, 12. 
 
 Cloisters, plan, PI. I. 17; elevation of part, 
 PI. VI. 22. 
 
 College, cardinal, of secular priests, 10; King 
 Henry VIII. 's changed into a cathedral, 11 ; 
 constitution of, and inventory of the orna- 
 ments, &c. 12. 
 
 Columns, large and tall, circular and octangu- 
 lar, PI. VII. 22; short and thick, tall, small 
 shafts, ib ; lofty, thin, of Perbeck, PI. VIII. ; 
 clustered with bead at one side, PI. IX. ; plan 
 of do. PI. I. ; of choir, PI. X. 23. 
 
 Comptou, Henry, bp. account of, 27 ; portrait, 
 46. 
 
 Conybeare, dean, account of, 40 ; portrait, 46. 
 
 Convent, built by Didan, 6. 
 
 Corbet, bp. account of, 25; portrait, 46. 
 
 Cowper, dean, account of, 36. 
 
 Cox, Richard, first dean, account of, 11, 40. 
 
 Crewe, Nathaniel, bp. account of, 26 ; portrait, 
 46. 
 
 Cuddesden, palace built at, 11. 
 
 Ctirwyn, Hugh, bp. account of, 24. 
 
 D. 
 
 Danes burnt in the tower, 8. 
 
 Dates, importance of ascertaining, 15. 
 
 Duppa, dean, 35, 46 ; portrait, 46. 
 
 E. 
 
 Ethelred, king, rebuilt the priory, 8. 
 
 Fell, John, bp. account of, 28 ; portrait, 46. 
 
 Samuel, dean, account of, 46. 
 
 Frideswide, St. story of, 6 ; monastery, super- 
 stitious belief concerning, 7 ; relics removed,
 
 50 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 well or spring, shrine, translated, plundered, 
 8; miracles, procession to church, huried, col- 
 lege dedicated to, 10; monastery suppress- 
 ed, possessions belonging to, 12. 
 
 G. 
 
 Glass, stained, inserted in the window*, 18. 
 
 Gloucester, Robert of, extract from, 7, note. 
 
 Godwyn, William, dean, account of, 37. 
 
 , Thomas, dean, account of, 36. 
 
 Gregory, dean, account of, 41. 
 
 Guymond, appointed prior, anecdote respect- 
 ing, 9, note ; receives the monastery, 10 ; 
 monument of, 23, 40. 
 
 H. 
 
 Hall, Timothy, bp. account of, 30. 
 
 , Charles, dean, 41. 
 
 Hough, hp. account of, 30; portrait, 40. 
 Howson, bp. account of, 25 ; portrait, 46. 
 Hume, bp. account of, 30. 
 Hutton, Leonard, account of constitution of 
 
 college, 12; his account of the monastery, 
 
 10. 
 Hygden, John, account of, 34. 
 
 I. 
 Inventory of ornaments, &c. in monastery, 15. 
 
 J. 
 
 Jackson, bp. account of, 33 ; portrait, 40. 
 
 , dean, account of, 41 ; portrait, 40. 
 
 James, dean, account of, 30. 
 
 K. 
 
 King, his inaccurate prints, pre. 1, 15. 
 
 , Robert, first bishop, 1 1 ; portrait of, 18 ; 
 
 account of, 24. 
 
 , dean, account of, 37 ; portrait, 40. 
 
 King's visit to Oxford, superstition concerning, 
 
 7. 
 
 Legge, bp. account of, 33. 
 
 Leland, John, dismissed from Henry VIII. 's 
 
 college, 11. 
 Lowth, Robert, bp. account of, 30 ; portrait, 
 
 40. 
 
 M. 
 
 Malmsbury, William, his account of Algar's 
 
 restoration to sight, 6. 
 Mark ham, dean, account of, 41 ; portrait, 40. 
 
 Martial, dean, account of, 35. 
 Massey, dean, account of, 38. 
 Mathew, dean, account of, 30. 
 Meadow, given to Christ Church, 17. 
 Montacute, lady, her monument, 17, 42. 
 Morley, dean, account of, 38; portrait, 44. 
 Moss, bp. account of, 33. 
 
 O. 
 
 Olyver, John, appointed dean, 13, 46 ; ac- 
 count of, 34. 
 
 Oseney, the episcopal see removed from, 11 ; 
 assignment of the ornaments, &c. 13. 
 
 Owen, dean, account of, 38. 
 
 Parker, bp. account of, 29. 
 
 Paul, bp. account of, 26. 
 
 Philip, prior, his MS. 8 ; monument, 41. 
 
 Piers, dean, account of, 36. 
 
 Potter, bp. 30 ; portrait, 46. 
 
 Priory, burnt, rebuilt, 8; invaded by monks of 
 
 Abingdon, secular cauons placed in, regular 
 
 do. Augustine do. 9. 
 
 R. 
 
 Randolph, bp. account of, 32. 
 
 Ravis, dean, account of, 37; portrait, 46. 
 
 Reynolds, dean, account of, 38. 
 
 Roof, renewed, 18; view of, PI. X. XI. 23. 
 
 Sampson, dean, account of, 37. 
 Seeker, bp. account of, 30; portrait, 40. 
 Skinner, bp. account of, 26. 
 Smallridge, dean, account of, 39 ; portrait, 40. 
 Smallwell, bp. account of, 32 ; portrait, 40. 
 Spire, when erected, 17; view of, PI. II.; sec- 
 tion of, PI. III. 
 
 T. 
 
 Talbot, bp. 30; portrait, 40. 
 Tower, section of, PI VII. 22. 
 Transept, PI. V. 21 ; section and elevation of, 
 PI. VI. 22; north, PI. VII. 22. 
 
 U. 
 
 Underbill, John, bp. account of, 25. 
 
 W. 
 
 Windows repaired, 18; singular, ib. ; of three 
 lights, PI. VIII. 22; of early pointed arch, 
 Pi. VII. 22; large with four mullions, ib. 
 
 Wolsev, his grand foundation, 10. 
 
 C. WhiKinghaui, Chiswick.
 
 
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