infill r i 1 III ■ 1 1 . i 1 j ^^ ^E^^^B m ■ ^ff- '^^p 1 1 f it ¥■ II ■ i iSI! ^. i 'lilili' iiii' iiift!^ iil THE SOURCES AND LITERATURE OF ENGLISH HISTORY THE SOURCES AND LITERATURE OF ENGLISH HISTORY FROM THE EARLIEST TIMES TO ABOUT 1485 BY CHARLES GROSS, Ph.D. HARVARD UNIVERSITY AUTHOR OF 'A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF BRITISH MUNICIPAL HISTORY' ETC. LONGMANS, GREEN, AND CO. 39 PATERNOSTER ROW, LONDON NEW YORK AND BOMBAY 1900 All rights reserved SL0I6 PREFACE I f Attention has often been called to the need of a good : bibliography of English history. ' There has been a de- C plorable waste of time and energy in historical investigation, because the literature of English history has so long re- mained unarranged and unanalysed, and therefore students have often been obliged to grope their way through unclassi- fied catalogues in a futile search for bibliographical informa- o tion. ' In this respect,' says Mr. H. R. Tedder, in the Library Chronicle, 1886, iii. 185, 'we are still in arrear of almost every other civilised country. ... It is a slur upon r English bibliography and upon English historical research that " our island story," told in so many ways and by so many writers, should be yet without an adequate record of its literature.' In a paper read before the Royal Historical Society (Transactions, 1897, xi. 19-30) Mr. Frederic Harrison also emphasises the need of a treatise which should aid ^^ students of English history in some such way as the biblio- ' graphics of Dahlmann-Waitz and Monod aid students of - German and French history. Mr. Tedder and Mr. Harrison both demand, however, that the proposed bibliography, unlike those of Dahlmann-Waitz and Monod, should give some account of the contents and a brief estimate of the value of the books named ; and they agree in asserting that the labour of pre- paring such a treatise can be successfully undertaken onl)' ' For existing bibliographies, see below, § 2. vi Preface by some method of co-operation on the part of various experts. But a co-operative scheme of this sort is difficult to initiate and carry out ; and as no such scheme has as yet been undertaken, I have ventured to put forth a bibhography of that part of the subject which extends from the earliest times to 1485. The main object of this Preface is to explain the scope and arrangement of the book. It contains a systematic survey of the printed materials relating to the political, con- stitutional, legal, social, and economic history of England, Wales, and Ireland. The manuscript materials are dealt with only incidentally ; in this branch of our subject we already have some good guides, like T. D. Hardy and S. R. Scargill Bird. ^ Scotland has been omitted, because in the middle ages her government and institutions were foreign to those of England ; but as far as Scotland influenced the current of English history she has received consideration. Even within the above-mentioned limits, this bibliography does not profess to be exhaustive ; it comprises only select lists of books ; worthless and obsolete treatises are omitted, except in the case of a few recent works which are mentioned merely in order that the student may be warned to shun them. Greater fulness has been sought in the sections con- cerning the original sources ; and it is hoped that no printed source of prime importance has been overlooked. Besides books and pamphlets, the work includes a selection of papers found in collective essays, in journals, and in the transactions of societies ; many valuable treasures lie buried in these by-ways of literature. An effort has also been made to include all continental books, pamphlets, and papers that are of any value to students of English history. Throughout the work the task of selection has been a difficult one ; it is a ' See Nos. 45, 459. For the archives, see §§ 12, 13. Pt. iv. also contains many calendars and catalogues of public and local records. Preface vii task which no scholar could perform without exposing him- self to the accusation of having committed some errors of judgment. The bibliographies mentioned in § 2 and in other sections will furnish the student with many of the titles of books which I have deemed it expedient to omit from my lists. A cflance at the table of contents will show that the materials of English history comprised in this book are systematically and chronologically classified. Part i. includes general or introductory subjects : methodology, bibliographical helps, periodical publications, the studies auxiliary to history (dictionaries, gazetteers, peerages, etc.), the Public Record Office and other archives, general collections of chroniclers and records (the publications of the Record Commission, the Rolls Series, record societies, etc.), and the general treatises of modern writers. Part ii. deals with the authorities for the early history of Britain to the close of the Roman occupation, while Parts iii. and iv. relate to Anglo-Saxon times and to the period 1066- 148 5 respectively. In Part ii. separate sections, and in Parts iii. and iv. separate chapters, are concerned with modern writers. The separation of the sources from the modern literature doubtless has its dis- advantages, but it could not be avoided without seriously impairing other parts of the classification. It is hoped that any defects in the arrangement of the work may be atoned for, in part at least, by the full index, the numerous cross- references, and the tables in appendix D. Many of the titles in my lists are accompanied by brief notes explaining the contents of the books and estimating their value. These notes are supplemented by the prelimin- ary remarks which will be found at the beginning of the sections and subsections. Mr. Frederic Harrison rightly asserts that 'just as a real history is not a series of annals, so a real bibliography is not a mere catalogue of books.' To viii Preface gauge the value of one treatise as compared with others, in a bibliography which embraces an enormous mass of literature relating to a wide range of subjects, is, however, a delicate and hazardous undertaking, which no one can perform with complete success. Still it is much better to give an inade- quate commentary than to allow students to grope in utter darkness. The book is the outcome of an annual course of lectures on the sources and literature of English history delivered at Harvard University from 1890 to 1899. In 1893 arrange- ments were made for its publication, and during the past three years it has occupied all the time that I could snatch from my academic duties. Though the work is the fruit of much labour, I am painfully conscious of its shortcomings ; but I hope that it will help to smooth the path of teachers and students of English history. Finally, I wish to express my obligation to the many friends who have kindly aided me ; it is difficult to name those who have been most helpful. I am also grateful to the officials of the British Museum Library and the Society of Antiquaries of London for their courtesy and kindness. C. G. July I, 1900. NOTE. An asterisk (*; is prefixed to the titles of works which are particularly important for the study of English history. A dagger (t) is prefixed to titles of works which the compiler has not been able to examine. Most of the titles are presented in an abbreviated form. The number of pages when less than one hundred is usually indicated. The tables of contents appended to titles of books do not profess to be exhaustive. The page references in such tables are to the latest edition mentioned. Preface ix In most of the sections dealing with the sources all the printed editions of each work are given, or attention is called to books in which they may be found. Usually only the first and last editions of modern writers are named. The same topic may be dealt with in various parts of this book ; therefore the reader should not neglect to use the index. Corrections or additions, sent to Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass., will be gratefully received. CONTENTS PART I GENERAL AUTHORITIES Chapter I INTRODUCTORY PAGE § I. HISTORICAL METHOD i §2. BIBLIOGRAPHY; HISTORY OF THE SOURCES . . 3 a. Europe 3 b. England's Continental Neighbours .... 5 c. Great Britain : General History 5 Treatises, etc 6 Catalogues, etc 8 d. Great Britain : Local History 9 General 9 County Bibliographies 10 § 3. JOURNALS, REVIEWS, AND PROCEEDINGS OF SOCIE- TIES II a. General : Journals and Reviews 12 b. General : Proceedings of Societies 13 c. Local Journals, Societies, etc. 15 Bedfordshire-Yorkshire 15 Chapter II AUXILIARIES TO HISTORICAL STUDY § 4. PHILOLOGY: DICTIONARIES AND GLOSSARIES . . 23 a. English 24 b. French 25 c. Latin 26 xii Contents PAGE § 5. CHRONOLOGY 27 § 6. PALiEOGRAPHY AND DIPLOMATICS 28 a. Manuals and Treatises 29 b. Facsimiles 32 § 7. SPHRAGISTICS AND HERALDRY 34 a. SPHRAGISTICS 34 b. Heraldry 35 § 8. BIOGRAPHY AND GENEALOGY 37 a. Bibliographies and Journals 37 b. Dictionaries, Guides, etc 38 c. Peerages 38 d. Royalty, Chancellors, Justices, etc 40 e. History of Names 41 § 9. GEOGRAPHY AND TOPOGRAPHY 42 a. Treatises 43 b. Dictionaries and Gazetteers 43 c. Historical Atlases 44 § 10. NUMISMATICS 45 a. Bibliographies and Journals 45 b. General Treatises 46 c. Particular Periods 47 § II. ARCH/EOLOGY AND ART 48 a. Antiquities 48 b. Architecture 51 c. Costume, Armour, and Weapons 53 Chapter III THE ARCHIVES § 12. PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE AND HISTORY OF PUBLIC RECORDS 55 § 13. THE BRITISH MUSEUM AND OTHER REPOSITORIES 62 a. General 63 b. London 63 The British Museum 64 College ok Arms, Inns of Court, etc. ... 65 Contents xiii PAGE c. Oxford and Cambridge 66 Bodleian Library 66 Oxford Colleges 67 Cambridge 67 Chapter IV PRINTED COLLECTIONS OF SOURCES § 14. PUBLICATIONS OF THE ENGLISH GOVERNMENT . 69 § 15. PUBLICATIONS OF SOCIETIES 71 a. General 71 b. Local 74 § 16. COLLECTIONS PRIVATELY EDITED, ETC. ... 78 a. Chroniclers, etc 78 b. Church History : Acta Sanctorum .... 84 c. Church History : Collections of Records ... 86 Chapter V MODERN WRITERS § 17. GENERAL TREATISES 90 a. General History 90 b. Constitutional History 91 c. Legal History 93 § 18. THE CROWN, PARLIAMENT, AND TAXATION . . 95 § 19. THE FORESTS 97 § 20. JUSTICE AND POLICE 98 § 21. THE ARMY AND NAVY 100 § 22. TENURES OF LAND AND CLASSES OF SOCIETY . 102 § 23. THE CHURCH 104 a. General 104 b. Synods, Convocation, and Canon Law . . . .106 c. Tithes and Church-Rates 108 d. Monasticism 109 e. Bishops, Cathedrals, Courts, etc iii xiv Contents PAGE § 24. LOCAL HLSTORY, INCLUDING IRELAND AND WALES 113 a. General .......... 114 b. Particular Counties, Boroughs, Manors, etc. . -117 Bedfordshire-Yorkshire 117 § 25. COMMERCE, INDUSTRY, AND AGRICULTURE . . 151 a. General 151 b. Particular Subjects 152 § 26. SOCIAL HISTORY 155 PART II CELTIC, ROMAN, AND GERMANIC ORIGINS Chapter I PREHISTORIC AND CELTIC TIMES § 27. PREHISTORIC RACES, AND GENERAL WORKS ON EARLY ETHNOLOGY 157 § 28. THE CELTS 159 Chapter II THE ROMANS IN BRITAIN § 29. GREEK AND ROMAN WRITERS, ETC 161 § 30. ARCH^OLOGICAL REMAINS : INSCRIPTIONS, ETC. , 163 § 31. MODERN WRITERS : POLITICAL AND CONSTITU- TIONAL HISTORY 166 Chapter III THE EARLY GERMANS § 32. SOURCES : THE GERMANIA OF TACITUS, ETC. . . 169 § 33. MODERN WRITERS 171 Contents xv PART III THE ANGLO-SAXON PERIOD Chapter I ORIGINAL SOURCES PAGE § 34. CHRONICLES AND ROYAL BIOGR.\PHIES . . .175 § 35. OLD NORSE SAGAS 192 a. Collections 193 b. Particular Sagas 194 § 36. LAWS 195 a. Collective Editions 198 Anglo-Saxon Laws 198 Brehon and Welsh Laws 199 b. Private Compilations (England) 201 Isolated Pieces 201 Latin Law-Books 202 § 37. CHARTERS AND OTHER DIPLO^L\TA . . . .204 § 38. ECCLESIASTICAL SOURCES 207 a. Canons, Penitentials, etc 208 b. Homilies 210 c. Monastic Rules 211 d. ViT^E ET Epistol/E 213 General 213 Alcuin-Wilfrid 214 § 39. MISCELLANEOUS : POETRY, ETC 223 a. Poetry 223 Anglo-Saxon Poems 223 Norse, Welsh, and Irish Poems 224 b. Glossaries, Inscriptions, etc 225 England 225 Ireland and Wales 226 xvi Contents Chapter II MODERN WRITERS PAGE § 40. GENERAL 228 § 41. FROM THE CONQUEST TO EGBERT'S SUPREMACY . 230 § 42. FROM EGBERT TO 1066 232 § 43. THE MAEGTH, LAND-LAWS, AND CLASSES OF SO- CIETY ... 234 § 44. LOCAL GOVERNMENT . .236 a. The Vill and the Manor 236 b. Borough, Hundred, Shire, etc 238 § 45. JUSTICE AND POLICE 239 § 46. THE CROWN, THE WITAN, TAXATION, ETC. . . 241 § 47. THE CHURCH 242 a. General 242 b. The Celtic Church 243 c. Conversion of England, Monasticism, etc. . . . 244 d. Biography : Lives of Saints, etc 245 General . . 245 .^lfric-Willibrord 245 PART IV FROM THE NORMAN CONQUEST TO ABOUT 1485 Chapter I ORIGINAL SOURCES § 48. CHRONICLES AND ROYAL BIOGRAPHIES . . .252 a. General Collections 257 b. Alphabetical Table 259 Contents xvii FAGB § 49. LAW-WRITERS 312 a. Principal Treatises 313 b. Short Tracts 317 § 50. THE EXCHEQUER AND REVENUE 318 a. Domesday Book and Supplementary Surveys , . 319 General 320 Bedfordshire-Yorkshire 322 h. The Dialogus and Exchequer Books .... 327 c. Pipe Rolls 328 General 329 Cumberland-Wiltshire 329 d. Expenditure and Receipt Rolls 331 e. Wardrobe and Household Accounts, etc. . . . 333 / Taxation or Subsidy Rolls 334 General 335 Cornwall-Yorkshire 336 g. Memoranda, Originalia, and Fine Rolls . . . 340 k. Miscellaneous : Ministers' Accounts, etc. . . . 342 § 51. PRIVY COUNCIL, PARLIAMENT, AND LEGISLATION . 344 a. Writs, Petitions, and Proceedings .... 344 b. Legislative Acts 347 Laws of William I. and Charters of Liberties . 348 The Statutes 350 c. Modus Tenendi Parliamentum 351 § 52. THE CENTRAL COURTS 352 a. General 354 b. Particular Counties 358 Cambridgeshire-Yorkshire 358 § 53. FOREIGN RELATIONS, ROYAL LETTERS AND GRANTS 363 a. General 365 b. Particular Countries 369 France 369 Italy 371 Ireland 37* Scotland 37^ Wales 373 § 54. THE ARMY AND NAVY 373 a xviii Contents PAGE S 55. FEUDAL TENURES : INQUESTS POST MORTEM, ETC. 377 a. General 379 b. Particular Counties 381 Cheshire-Yorkshire 381 § 56. THE CHURCH 385 a. MONASTICISM 385 b. Taxation Rolls, etc. 388 c. Pontificals, Homilies, Gilds, etc 389 d. ViT/E, Epistol/^, et Opera 390 General 390 Alexander HL-Wyclif 391 I 57. LOCAL RECORDS AND LOCAL ANNALS . . . .400 a. Bedfordshire-^:. Yorkshire 403 § 58. MISCELLANEOUS : POETRY, ETC 468 a. Poetry 468 General : Political Poems, etc 468 Chaucer 470 GowER 470 Langland 471 Lewis Glyn Cothi 471 Map 471 Minot 472 b. Household Books and Letters 472 c. Wills and Deeds 473 d. Universities and Inns of Court 475 Oxford : General 475 Oxford : Particular Colleges 476 Cambridge 476 London : Lincoln's Inn 477 t. Commerce, Industry, and Agriculture .... 477 Chapter II MODERN WRITERS § 59. GENERAL 479 § 60. WILLIAM I.-RICHARD 1 480 §61. THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY \^\ Contents XlX § 62. THE FOURTEENTH CENTURY a. Edward H. and Edward IH. : The Black Death, etc b. Richard II. : The Uprising of 1381, etc §63. §64. §65. §66. §67. §68. §69. THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY a. General .... b. Henry IV. and Henry V. c. Henry VI. and Edward IV. d. Richard III. THE CROWN AND THE KING'S COUNCIL PARLIAMENT AND LEGISLATION . THE EXCHEQUER, TAXATION, AND REVENUE JUSTICE AND POLICE THE ARMY AND NAVY TENURES OF LAND AND CLASSES OF SOCIETY a. Law of Inheritance b. The Nobility, Feudalism, and Knighthood General . Family History c. Villeins d. Jews § 70. THE CHURCH AND Peerage Cases a. General : The Papacy, etc. b. Monasticism Cistercians Cluniacs . Friars Military Orders c. Biography Anselm-Wykeham §71. EDUCATION, UNIVERSITIES, AND ROMAN LAW a. Oxford and Cambridge b. Eton, Winchester, Inns of Court, etc. c. The Study and Influence of Roman Law § 72. BOROUGHS, COMMERCE, AND INDUSTRY . 485 485 487 489 489 489 491 492 493 494 498 500 503 504 504 50s 505 506 509 510 512 SI2 SI4 516 517 517 528 52S 5»9 XX Contents Appendix A PAGE REPORTS OF THE DEPUTY KEEPER OF THE PUBLIC RECORDS ^33 Appendix B THE HISTORICAL MSS. COMMISSION 534 List of Reports and Appendixes 534 Index of Reports and Appendixes 536 Appendix C ROLLS SERIES: INDEX OF TITLES OF WORKS CON- TAINED IN THE CHRONICLES AND MEMORIALS OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND 540 Appendix D CHRONOLOGICAL TABLES OF THE PRINCIPAL SOURCES. 548 Chronicles, Biographies, Letters, Songs, etc. . . 548 The Public Records 552 Law-writers, Treatises on Institutions, etc. , . . 553 INDEX 555 PART I GENERAL AUTHORITIES Chapter I INTRODUCTORY § I. HISTORICAL METHOD. The most elaborate and valuable treatise is Bernheim's. The best book in English is Berry's translation of the work of Langlois and Seignobos. For additions to the following list, see Bernheim, 177-80 ; and G. S. Hall, Hints toward a Select Bibliography of Edu- cation (Boston, 1886), 140-49. There is a periodical bibliography, since 1888, in Jahresberichte (No, 22), vol. xi., etc. V I. Acton, J. E. E. D. A lecture on the study of history. London, 1895. 2. *Bernheim, Ernst. Lehrbuch der historischen Methode, mit Nachweis der wichtigsten Quellen und Hiilfsmittel zum Studium der Geschichte. Leipsic, 1889. 2nd edition, 1894. / 3. Brewer, J. S. English studies. London, 1881. The study of history, 379-423. A brief popular account. 4. Droysen, J. G. Grundriss der Historik. Jena, 1858; 3rd edition, 1882, pp. 90. — Translated by E. B. Andrews : Outline of the principles of history. Boston, 1893. Valuable, but scarcely ' the weightiest book of its size composed in our cen- tury' (Andrews, p. vii.). Droysen often shrouds his thoughts in unintelligible philosophical language ; his book is pedantic and obscure. / 5. Foster, F. H. The seminary method of original study in historical sciences. New York, 1888. B 2 General Authorities: Introductory [paet i 6. Fredericq, Paul. The study of history in England and Scotland. Translation from the French, by Henrietta Leonard. Baltimore, 1887. pp. 54. 7. Freeman, E. A, The methods of historical study. London, 1886. Valuable. / 8. Froude, J. A, Short studies on great subjects. 2 vols. London, 1867; new edition, i vol., 1878. — 2nd series, London, 1871 ; new edition, 1878. The science of history, ist series, I Scientific method applied to history, -38. I 2nd series, 563-98. 9. Hinsdale, B. A. How to study and teach history, with par- ticular reference to the history of the United States. New York, 1894. 10. *Langlois, C. v., and Seignobos, Charles. Introduction aux etudes historiques. Paris, 1898. — Translated by G. G. Berry : Introduction to the study of history. London, 1898. 11. LoRENZ, Ottokar. Die Geschichtswissenschaft in Haupt- richtungen und Aufgaben. 2 pts. Berlin, 1886-91. 12. Methods of teaching history, ed. G. S. Hall. Boston, 1883. 2nd edition, 1885. Contains essays written by several professors of history. The second edition has much new matter, but omits the translation of the useful extract from F. A. W. Diesterweg's Wegweiser zur Bildung fiir Deutsche Lehrer (5th edition, 1877, iii. 23-166) entitled Instruction in History, which was published in the first edi- tion, and also separately, Boston, 1885. 13. MoRTET, Charles, and Mortet, Victor. La science de I'histoire. [Reprinted from the Grande Encyclopedic, xx. 121-50.] Paris, 1894. A good short account. 14. Rhomberg, Adolf. Die Erhebung der Geschichte zum Range einer Wissenschaft, oder die historische Gewissheit und ihre Gesetze. Vienna, etc., 1883. pp. 94. 15. Smedt, Charles de. Principes de la critique historique. Liege, 1883. Valuable. § i] Historical Method 3 16. Stubbs, William. Seventeen lectures on the study of '.'medieval and modern history. Oxford, 1886; reprinted, 1887. Chs. ii.-iii. Present state and pro- I Chs. iv.-v. Purposes and methods of spects of historical study. I historical study. 17. Tardif, Adolphe. Notions elementaires de critique his- torique. Paris, 1883. pp. 30. A good brief account. §2. BIBLIOGRAPHY; HISTORY OF THE SOURCES. a. Europe, Nos. 18-27. b. England's Continental Neighbours, Nos. 28-33. c. Great Britain : General History, Nos. 34-62. d. Great Britain : Local History, Nos. 63-84. a. EUROPE. For other works besides those mentioned below, see Langlois, Manuel (No. 23) ; and Bernheim, Lehrbuch (No. 2), 196-202. A short account of the chief foreign bibliographies of history, and a more detailed account of those relating to English history, will be found in H. R. Tedder's Proposals for a Bibliography of National History, in the Library Chronicle, 1886, iii. 185-94. 18. Bratke, Eduard. Wegweiser zur Quellen- und Littera- turkunde der Kirchengeschichte. Gotha, 1890. 19. Chevalier, Ulysse. Repertoire des sources historiques du moyen age. Bio-bibliographie. [Issued in parts.] Paris, 1877-86. — Supplement, 1888. An elaborate list or encycloptedia of medieval writers, statesmen, etc., with bibliographical references. 20. - — -. Topo-bibliographie. Pts. i.-iii. (A-J). Montbeliard, 1894-99. The second part of the preceding work . It contains bibliographical references arranged under the names of places and subjects ; see under ' Angleterre,' etc. The article on 'Angleterre' was also separately printed (Montbeliard, 1893, pp. 79). The Topo-bibliographie, like the Bio-bibliographie, though very useful, contains much obsolete rubbish, and omits many valuable works. B 2 4 General Authorities : Introductory [part i 21. Ebert, Adolf. Allgemeine Geschichte der Literatur des Mittelalters im Abendlande [to the beginning of the eleventh century]. 3 vols. Leipsic, 1874-87 ; 2nd edition of vol. i., 1889. Aldhelm, Bede, Winfrid, Alcuin, i. 622-59, ii. 12-36. Nennius, Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, etc., ii. 387-91, iii. 239-50. Anglo-Saxon poetry, lives of saints, homilies, iii. 3-96, 492-520. French translation, by Joseph Aymeric and James Condamin, 3 vols. , Paris, 1883-89. 21 a. Fabricius, J. A. Bibliotheca Latina mediae et infimse setatis. 6 vols. Hamburg, 1734-46. — [Revised edition], by J. D. Mansi, 6 vols., Padua, 1754. 22. Jahresberichte der Geschichtswissenschaft im Auftrage der Historischen Gesellschaft zu Berlin [1878-97]. Vols, i.-xx. Berlin, 1880-99. Issued annually. Contains a survey of the historical works published in the various countries of Europe. Medieval England is dealt with in vols, xi.-xiii. only, covering the publications of the years 1888-90. 23. *Langlois, C. V. Manuel de bibliographie historique. I. : Instruments bibliographiques. Paris, 1896. An admirable little book, containing an account of the principal bibliographi- cal aids for tlie study of the history of the various European nations. 24. Oesterley, Hermann. Wegweiser durch die Literatur der Urkundensammlungen. 2 vols. Berlin, 1885-86. Great Britain, ii. 295-367. Useful, but incomplete. 25. *PoTTHAST, August. Bibliotheca historica medii aevi r Wegweiser durch die Geschichtswerke des europaischen Mittelalters bis 1500. I vol. and supplement. Berlin, 1862-68. 2nd edition, 2 vols., 1896. Contains a good brief account of the EngUsh chroniclers, with bibliographical references. 26. Smedt, Charles de. Introductio generalis ad historiam ecclesiasticam critice tractandum. Ghent, etc., 1876. Bibliography of lives of saints, iii- i Church history (Great Britain), 337-46. 97. I Monasticism, 347-82. 27. Stein, Henrl Manuel de bibliographie generale. Paris,. 1897. A bibliography of bibliographies. § 2] Bibliography ; History of the Sources 5 b. england's continental neighbours. The following works are all valuable, 28. Dahlmann-Waitz. Quellenkunde der deutschen Geschichte. [ist and 2nd editions, by F. C. Dahlmann, 1830-38; 3rd, 4th, and Sth editions, by Georg VVaitz, 1869-83.] 6th edition, by Ernst Steindorff. Gottingen, 1894. This is supplemented by the periodical bibliography in No. 90. 29. Gavet, G. Sources de I'histoire des institutions et du droit frangais. Paris, 1899. 30. LoRENz, Ottokar. Deutschlands Geschichtsquellen im Mittelalter seit der Mitte des dreizehnten Jahrhunderts. Berlin, 1870. 3rd edition, 2 vols., 1886-87. 31. MoNOD, Gabriel. Bibliographie de I'histoire de France. Paris, 1888. The best bibliography of French history. It is supplemented by Vidier's Repertoire (No. 99). 32. Pirenne, Henri. Bibliographie de I'histoire de Belgique, Ghent, 1893. See also Martinus Nijhoff, Bibliotheca Historico-Neerlandica, The Hague, 1899. 33. Wattenbach, Wilhelm. Deutschlands Geschichtsquellen im Mittelalter bis zur Mitte des dreizehnten Jahrhunderts. Berlin, 1858. 6th edition, 2 vols., 1893-94. c. GREAT BRITAIN : GENERAL HISTORY. There is no good survey of the sources and modern literature of English history, nothing comparable with the works of Dahlmann- Waitz, Monod, and Wattenbach (Nos. 28, 31, 33). The most useful handbook is that of Gardiner and MuUinger (No. 43). The best account of the chroniclers will be found in Hardy's Catalogue of Materials (No. 45), to which valuable additions were made by Pauli and Liebermann in Monumenta Germanise Historica, Scriptores (Hanover, 1881-88), vols, xiii., xxvii.-xxviii. Good short accounts of the legal sources are given by Brunner and Maitland (Nos. 36, 48). For catalogues, etc., of records, see § 12. See also § 3 and Nos. 334, 633. 6 General Authorities : Introductory [paet i Treatises, etc. 34. Bale, John. lUustrium majoris Britanniae scriptorum sum- marium. Ipswich, 1548. Another edition, 2 pts., Basel, 1557-59. The earliest detailed account of the medieval writers of England ; useful, but disfigured by inaccuracies and misrepresentations. 35. Brink, Bernard ten. Geschichte der englischen Litteratur [bis zur Reformation]. 2 vols. Berlin, 1877-93 ; 2nd edition of vol. I., Strasburg, 1899. — Translated by H. M. Kennedy and others : History of English literature. 2 vols, in 3 pts. New York, 1889 [i883]-96. Contains a good short account of the chroniclers, especially to the middle of the 1 2th century. 36. Brunner, Heinrich. The sources of the law of England. Translated by William Hastie. Edinburgh, 1888. The translation of an essay entitled Die Quellen des Englischen Rechts, in Franz von HoltzendorfFs Encyclopadie der Rechtswissenschaft (4th edition, 1882, 5th edition, 1890), vol. i. pt. ii. § 4. 37. Bruyssel, Ernest van. Etude bibliographique sur las chroniqueurs anglais, ecossais, et irlandais. Commission Royale d'Histoire [de Belgique], Compte-Rendu, 3rd series, iii. 79-118. Brussels, 1862. A brief account, of little value. 38. Dictionary of English history, ed. S. J. Low and F. S. Pulling. London, 1884. Revised edition, 1897. For brief bibliographical lists, see under ' Authorities ' and other topics. 39. Dictionary of national biography, ed. Leslie Stephen and Sidney Lee. 63 vols, London, 1 885-1 900. Some of the bibliographies under the names of chroniclers, statesmen, etc. , are valuable. 40. Elze, Karl. Grundriss der englischen Philologie. Halle, 1887. 2nd edition, 1889. Contains much information concerning books on English literature, history, antiquities, etc. The material is badly arranged, and there is no index. 41. [Flaherty, W. E.] The annals of England : an epitome of English history. 3 vols. Oxford, 1855-57. Library edition, 1876. App. i. contains an account of the chroniclers, collections of records, publica- § 2] Bibliography ; History of the Sources 7 tions of societies, etc. App. ii. is an index of statutes. These appendixes are very useful. 42. Gairdner, James. Early chroniclers of Europe : England. London, [1879]. A good popular account of the chroniclers, to the latter part of the sixteenth century. 43. Gardiner, S. R., and Mullinger, J. B. Introduction to the study of English history. London, 1881. 3rd edition, 1894. Part ii. , by J. B. Mullinger, contains a good brief account of the sources and modern literature, but devotes little attention to record publications and to con- tinental writers. 44. Gibson, W. S. Remarks on the medieval writers of English history. London, 1848. pp. 51. A brief account. 45. *Hardy, T. D. Descriptive catalogue of materials relating to the history of Great Britain and Ireland [to 1327]. Rolls Series. 3 vols, in 4 pts. London, 1862-71. Deals mainly with the chroniclers. The appendix of vol. i. contains a useful list of the printed materials : publications of societies, collections of records and chroniclers, etc. The body of the work is mainly a catalogue of MSS. 46. Hyde, Douglas. A literary history of Ireland. London, 1899. Ch. xiii. St. Patrick. Ch. xlii. The Brehon laws. Ch. xli. The Irish annals. Valuable. 47. [Macray, W. D.] a manual of British historians, to a.d. 1600. London, 1845. A meagre account. 48. Maitland, F. W. The materials for English legal history Political Science Quarterly, iv. 496-518, 628-47. ^^w York, 1889. 49. Morley, Henry. English writers. Vols, i.-xi. London etc., 1887-95. Contains a brief account of the chroniclers. 50. O'Curry, Eugene. Lectures on the manuscript materials of ancient Irish history. Dublin, t86i ; reprinted, 1873. The principal older works on the Irish chroniclers are : James Ware, De 8 General Authorities : Introductory [paet i Scriptoribus Hibernise, Dublin, 1639 (translated by Walter Harris, History of the Writers of Ireland, Dublin, 1764); William Nicolson, The Irish Historical Library, Dublin, 1724; Tanner (No. 52); and Edward O'Reilly, Account of Irish Writers, Dublin, 1820. 51. Stephens, Thomas. The literature of the Kymry. Llan- dovery, 1849. 2nd edition, London, 1876. The chroniclers, 295-317. 52. Tanner, Thomas. Bibliotheca Britannico-Hibernica sive de scriptoribus, etc., ed. David Wilkins. London, 1 748. A dictionary of writers, containing much valuable historical material, and in large part superseding the older works of Leland, Bale, Pits, Ware, Cave, and Nicolson. See Hardy, Catalogue of Materials (No. 45), vol. i. pp. xxxvi.-xlii. Catalogues, etc. The following are some of the many by-ways of bibliography which are often useful to the historian who is searching for titles of books. 53. Allibone, S. a. a critical dictionary of English literature, 3 vols. Philadelphia, 1858-71. — Supplement, by J. F. Kirk, 2 vols., 1891. 54. British Museum. Catalogue of printed books. London, 1881, etc. This is supplemented by the following works, which contain subject indexes : Catalogue of books in the galleries in the reading room, 1886. List of bibliographical works in the reading room, 2nd edition, 1889. List of books of reference in the reading See also No. 63. room, 3rd edition, 1889. Subject index of modern works added to the library of the British Museum [in 1880-95], by G. K. Fortescue, 3 vols. 1886-97. 55. Brunet, J. C. Manuel du libraire. 5th edition. 6 vols. Paris, 1860-65. — Supplement, 2 vols., 1878-80. 55 a. Catalogue de I'histoire de la Grande-Bretagne [litho- graphed]. Paris, 1878. A section of the catalogue of the Bibliotheque Nationale of Paris ; contains about 10,000 classified entries. 56. Hume, Abraham. The learned societies and printing clubs of the United Kingdom. London, 1847. — Reprinted, %vith a supple- ment, by A. I. Evans, 1853. Contains lists of publications of societies and clubs. § 2] Bibliography ; History of the Sources 9 57. Low, Sampson. The English catalogue of books published from 1835 [to 1897]. 5 vols. London, 1864-98. The appendixes contain lists (incomplete) of the publications of learned socie- ties and printing clubs. There are also annual volumes, and four index volumes (subject indexes) for the years 1837-89 (London, 1858-93). 58. Lowndes, W. T. The bibliographer's manual of English literature. 2 vols. London, 1834. — New edition, by H. G. Bohn, 6 vols, in II pts., 1857-64; reprinted, 1869. The appendix contains lists of publications of societies, and books printed by private presses. 59. SoNNENSCHEiN, W. S. The best books. London, 1887. 2nd edition, 1891. 60. . A reader's guide to contemporary literature : the first supplement to The best books. London, 1895. 61. Watt, Robert. Bibliotheca Britannica. 4 vols. Edin- burgh, 1824. Vols, i.-ii. Authors. | Vols, iii.-iv. Subjects. 62. Year-book of the scientific and learned societies of Great Britain and Ireland. 16 vols. London, 1884-99. Issued annually. Contains lists of their publications, with contents of annual proceedings, etc. This useful work is marred by the capricious omission of many societies. d. GREAT BRITAIN : LOCAL HISTORY. For other bibliographies of local history besides those mentioned below, see Gross's work (No. 66), 1-7, and his index, under ' Bibliographies.' General. 63. Anderson, J. P. The book of British topography. London, 1881. A catalogue of topographical works in the library of the British Museum. The collection of local histories, etc., in that hbrary is incomplete. 64. Davenport, F. G. A classified list of printed original materials for English manorial and agrarian history during the middle ages. Boston, 1894. pp. 65. lo General Authorities : Introductory [paht i 65. GoMME, G. L. The literature of local institutions. London, 1886. Useful, but very incomplete. Mr. Gomme is preparing an Index of Archaeo- logical Papers published from 1682 to 1890. 66. Gross, Charles. A bibliography of British municipal history, including gilds and parliamentary representation. New York, etc., 1897. 67. Upcott, William. A bibliographical account of the principal works relating to English topography. 3 vols. London, 1818. County Bibliographies. 68. Buckinghamshire. Bibliotheca Buckinghamiensis. [By Henry Gough.] Archit. and ArchceoL Soc. for the Co. of Bucks. Aylesbury, 1890. pp. 96. 69. Cornwall. Bibliotheca Cornubiensis. By G. C. Boase and W. P. Courtney. 3 vols. London, 1874-82. 70. Devonshire. Bibliotheca Devoniensis. By James David- son. Exeter, 1852. — Supplement, [1861], pp. 51. 71. Dorset. Bibliotheca Dorsetiensis. By C. H. Mayo. London, 1885. 72. Gloucestershire. The bibliographer's manual of Glou- cestershire literature. By F. A. Hyett and William Bazeley. 3 vols. Gloucester, 1895-97. 73. Hampshire. Bibliotheca Hantoniensis. By H. M. Gilbert and G. N. Godwin. Southampton, [1891]. 74. Herefordshire. BibUotheca Herefordiensis. By John Allen. Hereford, 182 1. 75. Huntingdonshire. Catalogue of Huntingdonshire books, collected by H. E. Norris. Written with notes by himself. Ciren- cester, 1895. pp. 51. 76. Kent. Bibliotheca Cantiana. By J. R. Smith. London, 1837. 77. Lancashire. The Lancashire library. By Henry Fishwick. London, etc., 1875. §2] Bibliography; History of the Sources ii 78. Norfolk. The Norfolk topographer's manual. By Samuel Woodward. London, 1842. — An index to Norfolk topography. By Walter Rye. Index Soc. London, 1881 ; supplement, Norwich, 1896. — Bibliotheca Norfolciensis : a catalogue of works in the library of J. J. Colman, at Carrow abbey, Norwich. [By John Quinton.] Norwich, 1896. 79. tNoRTHAMPTONSHiRE. A bibliographical account of what has been written or printed relating to the history, topography, antiquities, family history, customs, etc., of Northamptonshire. By John Taylor. [Northampton], n.d. A recent work, the impression of which is limited to six copies. 80. Nottinghamshire. Descriptive catalogue of books relating to Nottinghamshire in the library of James Ward. Notting- ham, 1892. pp. 40. — Supplementary catalogue of books relating to Nottinghamshire in the library of James Ward. Nottingham, 1898. pp. 41. 81. Somerset. Bibliotheca Somersetensis. By Emanuel Green. Athenaeum Press, Taunton. Announced for publication. 82. Staffordshire. Bibliotheca Staffordiensis. By Rupert Simms. Lichfield, 1894. 83. Sussex. Topographica Sussexiana. By G. S. Butler. [Lewes, 1866.] Reprinted from the Collections of the Sussex Archaeological Society, vols, xv.-xviii. ; continued to 1882 by F. E. Sawyer, ibid., 1882-83, vols, xxxii.-xxxiii. 84. Yorkshire. The Yorkshire library. By William Boyne. London, 1869. § 3. JOURNALS, REVIEWS, AND PROCEEDINGS OF SOCIETIES. a. General : Journals and Reviews, Nos. 85-104. b. General : Proceedings of Societies, Nos. 105-II. c. Local Journals, Societies, etc., Nos. 112-87. Many of the archaeological and antiquarian magazines and pro- ceedings of societies contain valuable historical papers and records, which lie buried with disquisitions on urns, fibulae, barrows, etc. 12 General Authorities: Introductory [paet i Even in London it is difficult to obtain access to all these publica- tions, and most students shrink from the laborious but fruitful task of searching them in quest of information. Even the various local * notes and queries ' (most of which have come into existence during the past fifteen years), though replete with trifling gossip, contain much useful material relating to local history. For bibliographical purposes the Catalogue of the British Museum under ' Academies,' the Year-Book of Learned Societies, and the Index of Archaeological Papers (Nos. 62, 107), though incom- plete, are valuable. See also Nos. 41, 45, 56-58; and the list of societies in Rye's Records (No. 310), app. vii. For magazines and journals relating to genealogy, heraldry, numismatics, etc., see Nos. 299-302, 371; for record and other publication societies, § 15. In the following lists the date of the initial number or part of the first volume of a publication is placed within square brackets. a. GENERAL : JOURNALS AND REVIEWS. 85. American Historical Review. New York, 1895, ^^c. 86. Antiquarian Magazine and Bibliographer. 12 vols. London, 1882-87. Extinct. 87. Antiquary (The). London, 1880, etc. 88. Archaeological Review. 4 vols. London, 1888-90. Extinct. An Index of Archaeological Papers is appended to these tour volumes. See Nos. 94, 107. 89. Church Quarterly Review. London, 1876 [1875], etc. 90. Deutsche Zeitschrift fiir Geschichtswissenschaft. 14 vols. Freiburg, 1889-98. — Continued under the title, Historische Viertel- jahrschrift. Leipsic, 1898, etc. Contains a good periodical bibliography of recent works relating to German history. Vols, i.-viii. (1889-92) contain valuable articles by F. Liebemiann, entitled Neuere Literatur zur Geschichte Englands im Mittelalter, covering the publications of about 1886-91. \. 91. Dubhn Review. Dublin, 1836, etc. Deals especially with church history. 92. Economic Journal : the journal of the British Economic Association. London, 1891, etc. 93. *English Historical Review. London, 1886, etc. § 3] Journals, Reviews, Proceedings of Societies 13 94. Folk-Lore : a quarterly review, incorporating the Archaeo- logical Review [No. 88] and the Folk-Lore Journal. [Published by the Folk-Lore Society.] London, 1890, etc. 95. Gentleman's Magazine. London, 1731, etc. — Indexes for the years 1731-1818, 5 vols., 1789 and 1821. Before 1 868 this magazine devoted much attention to historical and anti- quarian subjects. There is a classified collection of the chief contents, from 1731 to 1868, in the Gentleman's Magazine Library, ed. G. L. Gomme, London, 1883, etc. See Nos. 347, 404. 96. Harvard Law Review. Cambridge, 1887, etc. 97. Historische Zeitschrift. Munich, 1859, etc. — Index ('Register') of vols, i.-lvi., 1888. 98. Law Quarterly Review. London, 1885, etc. 99. Le Moyen Age. Paris, 1888, etc. Contains A. Vidier's Repertoire Methodique du Moyen Age Fran9ais, a biblio- graphy of recent works on French history, etc., beginning in vol. viii., which covers the year 1894. 100. Notes and Queries. London, 1850 [1849], etc. — Index, 8 vols, [one for each series], 1856-99. 101. Political Science Quarterly. New York, 1886, etc. 102. Reliquary (The) : quarterly archaeological journal and review. London, i860, etc. In January, 1895, the title was changed to The Reliquary and Illustrated Archaeologist. 103. Revue des Questions Historiques. Paris, 1866, etc. — Indexes ('Tables') of vols, i.-xl., 2 vols., 1887-89. 104. Revue Historique. Paris, 1876, etc. — Indexes (' Tables ') of vols, i.-lix., 4 vols., 1881-96. b. GENERAL: PROCEEDINGS OF SOCIETIES. See also Nos. 22, 92, 94. 105. Associated Architectural Societies. Reports and Papers. London, [1851J, etc. — Indexes of vols, i.-xix., 3 vols., Lincoln, [i867]-90. Contains papers (many of which relate to other subjects besides architecture) read at the meetings of the following societies : — 14 General Authorities : Introductory [pakt Architectural and Archseological Society of the Counties of Lincoln and Not- tingham. Bedfordshire Architectural and Archseo- logical Society. Leicestershire Architectural and Archseological Society. St. Albans Architectural and Archseo- logical Society. Sheffield Architectural and Archaeo- logical Society. Worcester Diocesan Architectural and Archseological Society. Various architectural societies. 106. *British Archseological Association. Journal. London, 1846 [1845], etc. ^ — Index of vols. i. -XXX., 1875; of vols, xxxi.-xlii., 1887. This society also published Collectanea Archseologica, 2 vols. , 1861-71, and proceedings or transactions of meetings held at Canterbury, Gloucester, Win- chester, and Worcester, 4 vols., 1845-51. 107. Index of Archseological Papers published in 1898 : being the eighth issue of the series, and completing the Index for the period 1891-98. By G. L. Gomme. Published under the direction of the Congress of Archseological Societies. London, 1899. This useful work is published annually. The last number is an index ot the papers of fifty-one societies. Mr. Gomme is also preparing an Index of Archaeological Papers published from 1682 to 1890. See No. 88. 108. Jewish Historical Society of England. London, 1895, etc. Transactions. 109. "*Royal Archaeological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland. Archseological Journal. London, 1845 [1844]? etc. — Index of vols. i.-xxv., 1878. This society also published memoirs or proceedings of the annual meetings held at Bristol, Chichester, Lincoln, Newcastle-on-Tyne (2 vols.), Norwich, Oxford, Salisbury, Winchester, and York, 10 vols, 1846-58. 110. Royal Historical Society. Transactions. London, 1872 [187 1], etc. When this society was founded, in 1868, it was called the Historical Society of Great Britain, and the title of vol. i. is Transactions of the Historical Society ; in 1872 the name was changed to Royal Historical Society. Besides the Transac- tions a few separate works have been published. In 1897 the publications of the Camden Society (No. 542) became the Camden Series of the Royal Historical Society. 111. *Society of Antiquaries of London. Archseologia. London, 1770, etc. — Proceedings. London, 1849 [1844], etc. — Index of Archseologia, vols, i.-l., 1889. This society has also published Vetusta Monumenta (No. 414) and many separate works : Nos. 1309, 1809, 1926, 1937, 1940 a, etc. §3] Journals, Reviews, Proceedings of Societies 15 c. local journals, societies, etc. Bedfordshire. See No. 105. 112. Bedfordshire Notes and Queries. 3 vols. Bedford, 1886 [i882]-93. Extinct. Berkshire. 113. Berkshire Archaeological and Architectural Society, Quarterly Journal. 3 vols. Reading, [1889-95]. — Continued by the Berks, Bucks, and Oxon Archaeological Journal. Reading, [1895], etc. 114. Berkshire Notes and Queries. Vol. i., pts. i.-iii. London, [1890-91]. Extinct. 115. Newbury District Field Club. Transactions. Newbury, 187 1, etc. Buckinghamshire. See No. 113. 116. Architectural and Archseological Society for the County of Buckingham. Records of Buckinghamshire. Aylesbury, 1858 [1854], etc. Cambridgeshire. See Nos. 138, 170. 117. Cambridge Antiquarian Society. Antiquarian Communica- tions. Cambridge, 1859, etc. — ^ Index, 1898. Called Proceedings since 1891, %-ol. vii. , etc. This society has also published many separate works: Nos. 1673, 2055, 2290, 2793, 3194, etc. Cheshire. See Nos. 146-8. 118. Architectural, Archaeological, and Historic Society of Chester. Journal. Chester, 1857, etc. Called Journal of the Chester Archseological and Historic Society, 1887-97; now called Journal of the Architectural, Archaeological, and Historic Society of Chester and North Wales. i6 General Authorities : Introductory [part i 119. Cheshire Notes and Queries. Stockport, 1886, etc. 120. The Cheshire Sheaf. Chester, 1880 [1878], etc. 121. Wirral Notes and Queries. Birkenhead, 1893, etc. Cornwall. See Nos. 127-8. 122. Penzance Natural History and Antiquarian Society. Trans- actions, 3 vols. Penzance, 185 1 [i845]-66. Extinct. 123. Royal Institution of Cornwall. Journal. Truro, [1864], etc. Cumberland. 124. *Cumberland and Westmoreland Antiquarian and Archaeo- logical Society. Transactions. Kendal, 1874, etc. See No. 553. Derbyshire. See No. 161. 125. Derbyshire Archaeological and Natural History Society. Journal. London, 1879, etc. Devonshire. 126. *Devonshire Association for the Advancement of Science, Literature, and Art. Transactions, Plymouth, 1863, etc. — Index, 1886. See No. 1895. 127. Notes and Gleanings : a monthly magazine for Devon and Cornwall. 5 vols. Exeter, 1888-92. Extinct. 128. The Western Antiquary, or Devon and Cornwall Note- Book. 12 vols. Plymouth, 1882 [i88i]-93. Extinct. Dorset. See No. 168. 129. Dorset Natural History and Antiquarian Field Club. Pro- ceedings. Sherborne, 1877, etc. § 3] Journals, Reviews, Proceedings of Societies 17 Durham. 130. Architectural and Archaeological Society of Durham and Northumberland. Transactions. Sunderland, 1870 [1863], etc. Essex. See No. 170. 131. Essex Archaeological Society. Transactions. Colchester, 1858, etc. See No. 2060. 132. The Essex Review. Chelmsford, [1892], etc. Gloucestershire. 133. *Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society. Trans- actions. [Bristol, 1876, etc.] See Nos. 2377, 3042. 134. CUfton Antiquarian Club. Proceedings. Bristol, 1888 [1886], etc. 135. Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. London, 1881 [1879], etc. \ \ Hampshire. 136. The Hampshire Antiquary and Naturalist : the local Notes and Queries, etc., of the Hampshire Field Club, etc. London, 1891, etc. 1 I Herefordshire. 137. Woolhope Naturalists' Field Club. Transactions. Here- ford, 1867, etc. i Huntingdonshire. 138. Fenland Notes and Queries : a quarterly antiquarian journal for the counties of Huntingdon, Cambridge, Lincoln, North- ampton, Norfolk, and Suffolk. Peterborough, 1891 [1889], etc. Ireland. 139. Cork Historical and Archaeological Society. Journal. Cork, 1893 [1892], etc. 140. Co. Kildare Archaeological Society. Journal. Dublin, 1895, etc. c i8 General Authorities: Introductory [paet i 141. ^Kilkenny Archasological Society. Transactions. Dublin, 1853 [1850], etc. Vol. iii. is called Proceedings and Transactions of the Kilkenny and South- East of Ireland Archffiological Society ; in 1858 a new series, called the Journal, was begun. In 1868 it became the Journal of the Historical and Archaeological Association of Ireland ; since 1890, the Journal of the Society of Antiquaries of Ireland. This society has also published separate works : Nos. i486, 1707, 2409, 2420. 142. Royal Irish Academy. Transactions. Dublin, 1787, etc. — Proceedings. Dublin, [841, etc. — List of papers published in the Transactions, etc., 1786-1886. Dublin, 1887. See No. 2218. 143. The Ulster Journal of Archaeology. Belfast, 1853, etc. Kent. 144. *Kent Archseological Society. Archaeologia Cantiana-: trans- actions of the society. London, 1858, etc. — Index of vols, i.-xviii., 1892. 145. The Kentish Note Book. 2 vols. Gravesend, 1891 [18891-94. Lancashire. 146. Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire. Proceedings. Liverpool, 1849, ^tc. — Index of vols, i.-xxiv., 1874. Called Transactions since 1855. 147. Lancashire and Cheshire Antiquarian Society. Transac- tions. Manchester, 1884, etc. 148. Lancashire and Cheshire Historical and Genealogical Notes. 3 vols. Leigh, 1879 [i878]-83. Extinct. Leicestershire. See No. 105. 149. Leicestershire and Rutland Notes and Queries. Leicester, 1891 [1889], etc. 150. Leicestershire Architectural and Archaeological Society. Transactions. Leicester, 1866, etc. § 3] Journals, Reviews, Proceedings of Societies i 9- Lincolnshire. See Nos. 105, 138. 151. Lincolnshire Notes and Queries. Horncastle, 1888, etc. London and Middlesex. See No. in. 152. London and Middlesex Archaeological Society. Trans- actions. London, 1S60 [1856], etc. 153. London and Middlesex Note Book. i vol. London, 1891-92. Extinct. 154. Middlesex and Hertfordshire Notes and Queries. London, 1895, etc. Called the Home Counties Magazine since 1898. Midlands. 155. Birmingham and Midland Institute, Archaeological Section. Transactions. Birmingham, 187 1, etc. 156. The Midland Antiquary. 4 vols. Birmingham, [1882-87]. Extinct. Norfolk. See Nos. 138, 170. 157. *Norfolk and Norwich Archaeological Society. Norfolk Archaeology. Norwich, 1847, etc. — Index of vols, i.-x., 1891. See Nos. 2070, 2530. 158. *The Norfolk Antiquarian Miscellany. 3 vols. Norwich, 1877 [i873]-87. Extinct. Northamptonshire. See Nos. 105, 138. 159. Northamptonshire Notes and Queries. Northampton, 1884, etc. c 2 20 General Authorities : Introductory [part i Northumberland. See No. 130. 160. *Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle-upon-Tyne. Archaeo logia ^liana. Newcastle, 1822, etc. See Nos. 1043, 1921. Nottinghamshire. See No. 105. 161. Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire Notes and Queries. Derby, 1892, etc. 162. Thoroton Society. Transactions. Nottingham, 1898, etc. Oxfordshire. See No. 113. 163. North Oxfordshire Archaeological Society. Transactions. Banbury, [1856], etc. Called since 1888 the Oxfordshire Archaeological Society. Shropshire. See No. 174. 164. Salopian Shreds and Patches. 10 vols. Shrewsbury, 1874-91. Extinct. 165. ^Shropshire Archaeological and Natural History Society. Transactions. Shrewsbury, 1878 [1877], etc. 166. Shropshire Notes and Queries. 3 vols. Shrewsbury, 1886 [18851-87. Extinct. Somerset. 167. Bath Natural History and Antiquarian Field Club. Pro- ceedings. Bath, 1867, etc. 168. Notes and Queries for Somerset and Dorset. Sherborne, 1890 [1888], etc. 169. Somersetshire Archaeological and Natural History Society. Proceedings. Taunton, 1851, etc. — Index of vols, i.-xx., Bristol, 1876. § 3] Journals, Reviews, Proceedings of Societies 21 Suffolk. See No. 138. 170. *East Anglian (The), or Notes and Queries for Suffolk, Cambridge, Essex, and Norfolk. Lowestoft, 1858, etc. 171. Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and Natural History. Proceedings. Bury St. Edmunds, 1853 [1849], ^^c. Vol. i. is called Proceedings of the Bury and West Suffolk Archaeological Institute. Surrey. 172. Surrey Archaeological Society. Archaeological Collections. London, 1858, etc. See No. 2080. Sussex. 173. *Sussex Archaeological Society. Archaeological Collections. London, 1848, etc. — Index of vols, i.-xxv., Lewes, 1874. Wales. See No. 118. 174. Byegones relating to Wales and the Border Counties. Oswestry, 1871, etc. — Index of vols, i.-vii., 1871-85, by G. H. Brierley, 1887. 175- Caermarthenshire Notes. 3 vols. Llanelly, 1889, etc. Called since 1892 Caermarthenshire Miscellany and Notes and Queries for South-West Wales. 176. *Cambrian Archaeological Association. Archaeologia Cam- brensis. London, 1846, etc. — Index to the first four series, 1892. For other publications of this society, see Nos. 417, 1369, 1728, 2655-6, 2658, 2668. 177. Cambrian Institute. The Cambrian Journal. 11 vols. London, 1854-64. Extinct. 178. Cymmrodorion Society. Y Cymmrodor. London, 1877, etc. — Transactions, 1892-93, etc. London, 1894, etc. Called Society of Cymmrodorion since 1878. See No. 567. 179. Powysland Club. Collections, Historical and Archseo- logical, relating to Montgomeryshire. London, 1868, etc. 12 General Authorities : Introductory Warwickshire. 180. The Warwickshire Antiquarian Magazine. 8 pts. Warwick, 1859-77- Extinct. Wiltshire. 181. *Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Society. Magazine. Devizes, 1854, etc, 182. Wiltshire Notes and Queries. London, 1893, etc. Yorkshire. 183. Bradford Historical and Antiquarian Society. The An- tiquary. Bradford, 1881, etc. 184. East Riding Antiquarian Society. Transactions. Hull, 1893, etc. 185. *Yorkshire Archaeological and Topographical Association. Journal. London, 1870. etc. Called since 1893 the Yorkshire Archeeological Society. See No. 572. 186. Yorkshire County Magazine, with which is incorporated the Yorkshire Notes and Queries. Bingley, 1891, etc. 187. Yorkshire Notes and Queries. 2 vols. Bingley, 1888 [i885]-9o. Extinct. 23 Chapter II AUXILIARIES TO HISTORICAL STUDY The historian must turn to account all branches of knowledge, but there are certain studies, kindred to history, which he finds particu- larly useful. These are called by the Germans ' Hiilfswissenschaften,' and by the French ' sciences auxiliaires.' Freeman (No. 7) calls them ' the satellites of history.' Their relations to history are well explained in Bernheim's Lehrbuch (No. 2), 2nd edition, 202-35. For the literature of the subjects, see ibid., and the bibliographies of Dahlmann-Waitz and INIonod (Nos. 28, 31). § 4. PHILOLOGY : DICTIONARIES AND GLOSSARIES. a. English, Nos. 1S8-99. b. French, Nos. 200-209. c. Latin, Nos. 210-15. This section includes only those works which are of most service to students of English history. There is a useful catalogue of glossaries, etc., in Walter W. Skeat's Etymological Dictionary of the English Language, 2nd edition, Oxford, 1884, pp. xxv.-xxx. In seeking the meaning of old words the historian is often thrown upon his own resources, for the existing dictionaries, especially of Low Latin and Anglo-French, are very incomplete. Help is often afforded by the brief glossaries appended to many of the volumes of the Rolls Series (for example, the Monumenta Gildhallse, and the works of Higden, Pecock, Robert of Gloucester, and Robert of Brunne), or by the glossaries in the publications of the Selden Society and in such works as Stevenson's Records of Nottingham, Hohlbaum's Han- sisches Urkundenbuch, vol. iii.. Gross's Gild Merchant, Nichols's edition of Britton, Atkinson's Vie de St. Auban, Lamond's Walter of Henley, etc. A bibliography of such glossaries would be useful. For works dealing with the structure of the medieval languages, 34 General Authorities : Auxiliaries [part i especially Low Latin, see Bernheim (No. 2), 209-11. The best account of Anglo-French is in W. W. Skeat's Principles of English Etymology, 2nd series, Oxford, 1891, pp. 1-136. See also D. Behrens, Beitrage zur Geschichte der Franzosischen Sprache in Eng- land, Heilbronn, 1886 ; Johan Vising, Etude sur le Dialecte Anglo- normand du xii^ Siecle, Upsala, 1882, pp. 104; Emil Busch, Laut- und Formenlehre der Anglonormannischen Sprache des xiv. Jahr- hunderts, Greifswald, 1887, pp. 71 ; and No. 352. a. ENGLISH. See No. 215; and R. P. Wiilker, Grundriss zur Geschichte der Angelsachsischen Litteratur (Leipsic, 1885), 99-101. 188. BoswoRTH, Joseph. An Anglo-Saxon dictionary, based on the manuscript collections of the late Joseph Bosworth, ed. T. N. Toller. Oxford, i882-[98]. The best Anglo-Saxon dictionary ; it entirely replaces Bosworth's Dictionary of the Anglo-Saxon Language (London, 1838), which is unreliable. 189. Catholicon Anglicum, an English-Latin word-book, dated 1483, ed. S. J. H. Herrtage. Early Eiiglish Text Soc. London, 1881. — The same edition, Camden Soc, London, 1882. 190. Century dictionary (The), ed. W. D. Whitney. 6 vols. New York, [1889-91 J. 191. Grein, C. W, M. Sprachschatz der angelsachsischen Dichter. 2 vols. Cassel, etc., 1861-64. A good glossary of words found in Anglo-Saxon poetry. 192. Halliwell, J. O. A dictionary of archaic and provincial words, obsolete words, proverbs, and ancient customs, from the four- teenth century. 2 vols. London, 1846. loth edition, 1887. The various editions seem to have been printed from the same plates. 193. *Matzner, Eduard. Altenglische Sprachproben, nebst einem Worterbuch. Vol. ii. : Worterbuch, pts. i.-xii. (A-M). Berlin, 1872-96. 194. *MuRRAY, J. A. H., and Bradley, Henry. A new English dictionary on historical principles ; founded mainly on the materials collected by the Philological Society. Vols. i.-v. (A-I). Oxford, 1 888- 1 900. § 4] Philology : Dictionaries and Glossaries 25 195. Nares, Robert. A glossary of words, phrases, etc., in the works of English authors. London, 1822. — New edition, by J. O. Halliwell and Thomas Wright, 2 vols., 1859; reprinted, 1888. 196. Promptorium parvulorum sive clericorum, lexicon Anglo- Latinum princeps, auctore fratre Galfrido Grammatico dicto, a.d. circa 1440, ed. Albert Way. Camden Soc. 3 vols. London, 1843-45. 197. Stratmann, F. H. a dictionary of the old English language. Krefeld, 1867; 3rd edition, 1878. — New edition, by Henry Bradley : A middle-English dictionary. Oxford, 1891. Bradley's edition is especially valuable. 198. Sweet, Henry. The student's dictionary of Angio-Saxon. Oxford, 1897. 199. Wright, Joseph. The English dialect dictionary. Pts. i.-x. (A-G). London, [1896-1900]. Contains English dialect words which are known to have been in use at any time during the last two hundred years in England, Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. The seventy-seven volumes published by the English Dialect Society between 1873 ^^^ ^^9S will be incorporated in this dictionary. b. FRENCH. ' I know of nothing more disgraceful to such a land as England, the lawyers of which have made more or less use of Anglo-French for some eight hundred years, than the fact that no one has yet taken in hand to make a reasonably useful dictionary, or even a vocabulary, of this highly important language : ' W. W. Skeat, Principles of English Etymology, 2nd series, 1891, p. 26. See Nos. 200, 204, 206-7. 200. Atkinson, Robert. Vie de Seint Auban [St. Alban]. London, 1876. Contains a valuable Anglo-French glossary, pp. i.-cxlvii. 201. BuRGUY, G. F. Grammaire de la langue d'oil, suivi d'un glossaire. 3 vols. Berhn, 1853-56. 2nd edition, 1869-70. Vol. iii. Glossaire. 202. Du Cange, C. Dufresne. Glossaire fran9ois, faisant suite au Glossarium mediae et infimae Latinitatis, ed. Leopold Favre- 2 vols. Niort, 1879. This glossary will also be found in vol. vii. of Henschel's edition of the Glossarium, and in vol. ix. of Favre's : see No. 213. 26 General Authorities : Auxiliaries [pabt i 203. *GoDEFROY, Frederic. Dictionnaire de I'ancienne langue frangaise. 9 vols, [with supplement, A-P]. Paris, 1881-99. — Abridged edition, in i vol. : Lexique de I'ancien Frangais. Pts. i.-ii. Paris, 1898-99. 204. Kelham, Robert. A dictionary of the Norman or old French language ; to which are added the laws of William the Conqueror. London, 1779. This glossary comprises mainly words found in the medieval records of England. It is incomplete and unscholarly. The Laws of William the Con- queror have a separate title-page and pagination. 205. La Curne de Sainte-Palaye, J. B. Dictionnaire histo- rique de I'ancien langage frangois. 10 vols. Niort, etc., 1875-82. 206. Luders, Alexander. Essay on the use of the French language in our ancient laws. [Bath, 1807.] pp. 82. 206 a. Metivier, Georges. Dictionnaire franco-normand, ou recueil des mots de Guernesey. London, etc., 1870. 207. MoiSY, Henri. Glossaire comparatif anglo-normand. 7 pts. Caen, etc., 1889-95. The introduction deals with the structure of Anglo-French. The work as a whole is inaccurate and untrustworthy. 208. Roquefort, J. B. B. Glossaire de la langue romane. 2 vols, and supplement. Paris, 1808-20. 209. Toynbee, Paget. Specimens of old French. Oxford, 1892. Contains a useful glossary, pp. 205. c. LATIN. See Nos. 189, 196. 210. Brinckmeier, Eduard. Glossarium diplomaticum. 2 vols. Gotha, 1850-63. 211. DiEFENBACH, LoRENz. Glossarium Latino-Germanicum mediae et infimge setatis. [A supplement to Henschel's edition of Du Cange's Glossarium.] Frankfort, 1857. 212. . Novum glossarium Latino-Germanicum medise et infimse setatis. Frankfort, 1867. § 4] Philology : Dictionaries and Glossaries 27 \ ^ 213. *Du Cange, C. Dufresne. Glossarium mediae et infimse Latinitatis, ed. G. A. L. Henschel. 7 vols. Paris, 1840-50. — Other editions : 3 vols., Paris, 1678 ; by Benedictines and Pierre Carpentier, 10 vols., Paris, 1733-66; by Leopold Favre, 10 vols., Niort, 1883-87. The best glossary of Low Latin ; a rich mine of information concerning the middle ages. Some of the additions made by Favre are of doubtful value. W. H. Maigne d'Arnis's Lexicon Manuale ad Scriptores Mediae et Infimce Latini- tatis (Paris, 1858, reprinted 1866) is a useful compendium of Du Cange's work, with some additions. 214. Spelman, Henry. Glossarium archaiologicum. 3rd edition. London, 1687. — Only a part of the ist edition, 1626, was published ; 2nd edition, 1664. 215. Wright, Thomas. A volume of vocabularies. 2 vols. London, 1857-73. — 2nd edition, by R. P. Wtilker : Anglo-Saxon and old English vocabularies [Latin-English]. 2 vols. London, 1884. Vol. i. Vocabularies. I Vol. ii. Indexes. § 5. CHRONOLOGY. The most complete treatise is Ideler's. Giry's Manuel (No. 233), bk. ii., contains an admirable account, with elaborate tables. The best handbooks in English are those of Bond and Nicolas. There is an essay, entitled Chronology of Medieval Historians, in Petrie's ]\Ionu- menta (No. 537), 103-28. See also No. 235. 216. Art (L') de verifier les dates. Paris, 1750. — 4th edition, by N. V. de Saint- AUais and others, 44 vols., 1818-44. The best of the older works. The 3rd edition, 3 vols., 1783-87, ismo/e convenient to use than the 4th. 217. Bond, J. J. Handy-book of rules and tables for verifying dates. London, 1866. 4th edition, 1889. One of the most useful books for students of English history, but the parts that deal with general chronology are in need of revision. 218. Butcher, Samuel. The ecclesiastical calendar : its theory and construction. Dublin, etc., 1877. 219. Grotefend, Hermann. Handbuch der historischen Chronologie des deutschen Mittelalters und der Neuzeit. Hanover, 28 General Authorities : Auxiliaries [part i 1872. — New edition : Zeitrechnung des deutschen Mittelalters, etc. 2 vols. Hanover, 1891-98. An excellent book, dealing mainly with Germany. Contains a valuable glos- san' and list of saints. His Taschenbuch der Zeitrechnung, 1898, is a summary of the work published in 1891-98. 220. Hampson, R. T. Medii aevi kalendarium, or dates, charters, and customs of the middle ages. 2 vols. London, 1841. 221. Ideler, Ludwig. Handbuch der Chronologie. 2 vols. Berlin, 1825-26. 2nd edition, Breslau, 1883. The most complete treatise on the theory and history of chronological systems, but the author does not devote much attention to questions which interest students of diplomatics. His Lehrbuch der Chronologie, Berlin, 1 831, is an abridgment of the larger work. 222. Nicolas, [N.] H. The chronology of history. London, 1833. 2nd edition, 1838; reprinted, 1840, 185 1. 223. Piper, Ferdinand. Die Kalendarien und Martyrologien der Angelsachsen. Berlin, 1862. 224. RiJHL, Franz. Chronologie des Mittelalters und Neuzeit. Berlin, 1897. One of the best handbooks. 225. Selby, W. D. The jubilee date-book : the regnal years of the kings and queens of England. London, 1887. pp. 53. An inexpensive and useful little book. §6. PALiEOGRAPHY AND DIPLOMATICS. a. Manuals and Treatises, Nos. 226-50. d. Facsimiles, Nos. 251-67. Palaeography is the study of the handwriting of former ages. I Diplomatics is the study of the construction or constituent parts of I records whereby we are enabled to determine their age and authen- ticity or historical value. ' Le paleographe,' says Leon Gautier, I'^tudie le corps des chartes, le diplomatiste en etudie Fame.' Mabillon was the founder of the science of diplomacy; and the greatest English diplomatist was George Hickes, whose monu- mental work (No. 234), as well as the whole subject of diplomatics, has been sadly neglected in England. In general, Hickes accepts the critical canons laid down by Mabillon, but combats some of the § 6] Pal/EOGRaphy and Diplomatics 29 latter's views. Madox, Kemble, and Hardy (Nos. 141 9, 2100, 2108) contributed to our knowledge of charters; and recently a few scholars like Round, Maitland, and Stevenson have begun to deal with records in a thoroughly scientific manner, so that we may hope for a revival of diplomatic study in the near future. The list given below is fairly complete as regards the books pro- duced in England, but comprises only a selection of the best continental works. For additions to this list, see Giry, Manuel, 37-50 ; E. D. Grand, Legon d'Ouverture du Cours de Paleographie (Montpellier, 1890), 15-24; Prou, Manuel, 6-1 1 ; Thompson, Handbook, 327-33 (wTetchedly arranged) ; and the periodical reports of Bresslau and Wattenbach in the Jahresberichte (No. 22) since 1879. A good short account of the literature will be found in Wattenbach's Schriftwesen, 1-39. The best general work on paleeography is Wattenbach's Schrift- wesen ; the best manual in Enghsh is Thompson's ; for practical purposes the most useful handbook is Prou's. For the abbreviated forms of Latin words and the signs of contraction, the works of Cappelli, Chassant, Martin, and Walther are particularly useful ; see also the Hsts of contracted words in T. D. Hardy's Registrum Dunelmense (Rolls Series, 1878), vol. iv., and the Pipe Roll Society's Introduction to the Study of the Pipe Rolls, 1884. The best treatises on diplomatics are those of Bresslau and Giry. Mr. Hubert Hall, of the Public Record Office, is preparing a volume of diplomatic studies. W. H. Stevenson has some interesting remarks concerning the early history of the English chancery in the English Historical Review, 1896, xi. 731-44; he rejects the view of Aronius (No. 141 o), Giry, and others, that there was no chancery in the Anglo-Saxon period. See also No. 142 1. a. MANUALS AND TREATISES. See Nos. 1410, 1412, 1416, 1419, 2100, 2108. 226. Arndt, Wilhelm, Schrifttafeln zum Gebrauch bei Vor- lesungen. 2 pts. Berlin, 1874-78. — 2nd edition : Schrifttafeln zur Erlernung der lateinischen Palceographie. 2 pts. Berlin, 1887-88. 3rd edition, 2 pts., 1897-98 ; 70 plates. 227. AsTLE, Thomas. The origin and progress of writing. London, 1784. 2nd edition, 1803 ; reprinted, 1876. Devotes particular attention to Anglo-Saxon and Irish script. This is the most important of the older palreographical works written in England. ?o General Authorities : Auxiliaries [part i 228. *Bresslau, Harry. Handbuch der Urkundenlehre fiir Deutschland und Italien. Vol. i. Leipsic, 1889. 229. Cappelli, Adriano. Lexicon abbreviaturarum. Milan, 1899. 230. Chassant, Alphonse. Dictionnaire des abreviations latines et frangaises du moyen-age. Paris, 1846. 5th edition, 1884. 231. . Paleographie des chartes et des manuscripts du xi^ au xvii^ siecle. Paris, 1839. 8th edition, 1885. 232. Evolution (The) of the charter. Quarterly Review, clxxxviii. 183-215. London, 1898. 233. *Giry, Arthur. Manuel de diplomatique. Paris, 1894. The English chancery, 794-9. V 234. HiCKES, George. Linguarum septentrionalium thesaurus \ /grammatico-criticus. 3 vols. Oxford, 1703-5. See especially his valuable Dissertatio Epistolaris, which is in pt. iii. of the Thesaurus and has a separate title-page (Oxford, 1703). 235. Leist, Friedrich. Urkundenlehre : Katechismus der Diplomatik, Palaographie, Chronologic, und Sphragistik. Leipsic, 1882. 2nd edition, 1893. A useful and inexpensive compilation. ^- ' 236. Mabillon, Jean. De re diplomatica libri vi. Paris, 1681 ; supplement, 1704. 2nd edition, 1709; 3rd edition, 2 vols., Naples, 1789. An epoch-making work ; it formulates the critical canons of diplomatic study, most of which are still accepted by the best scholars. / ^ 237. Madan, Falconer. Books in manuscript : a short intro- duction to their study and use. London, 1893. A popular handbook. List of works on illuminations, 178-9. \^ 238. [Madox, Thomas.] Formulare Anglicanum. London, 1702. Preceded by A Dissertation concerning Ancient Charters and Instruments, pp. i.-xxxiv. The body of the work contains numerous covenants, private grants, concords, releases, wills, etc. § 6] Paleography and Diplomatics 31 239. Martin, C. Trice. The record interpreter : a collection of abbreviations, Latin words, and names used in English historical manuscripts and records. London, 1892. A useful manual. 240. Paoli, Cesare. Programma scolastico di paleografia latina e di diplomatica. 3 pts. Florence, 1883-98 ; 2nd edition of pt. i., 1888. 241. Posse, Otto. Die Lehre von den Privaturkunden. Leipsic, 1S87. 242. Prou, Maurice. Manuel de paleographie, suivi d'un dictionnaire des abreviations ; avec 2 3fac-similes. Paris, 1890. 2nd edition, 1892. One of the most valuable handbooks. It is supplemented by his Recueil de Fac-similes (Paris, 1892) and Nouveau Recueil de Fac-similes, 1896, each of which contains twelve plates. 243. Reusens, E. H. J. Elements de paleographie. Louvain, 1891. Another edition, much enlarged, [1897J-99J 60 plates. Valuable. Bibliography, 468-79. 244. Thompson, E. M. Handbook of Greek and Latin palaeo- graphy. London, 1893. Valuable ; Wattenbach calls it ' das beste Handbuch.' 245. Thoyts, E. E. How to decipher and study old documents. London, 1893. A popular handbook, of little value. 246. Wailly, Natalis de. Elements de paleographie. 2 vols. Paris, 1838. An elaborate work. 247. Walther, J. L. Lexicon diplomaticum, abbreviationes vocum in diplomatibus exponens. Gottingen, 1745. Another edition, Ulm, 1756. The fullest dictionary of abbreviations. 248. Wattenbach, Wilhelm. Anleitung zur lateinischen Palseographie. Leipsic, 1869. 4th edition, 1886. 249. * . Das Schriftwesen im Mittelalter. Leipsic, 1871. 3rd edition, 1896. 32 General Authorities : Auxiliaries [pabt i 250. Wright, Andrew. Court-hand restored, or the student's assistant in reading old deeds, charters, etc. London, 1776. — 9th edition, by C. Trice Martin, 1879. b. facsimiles. Many of the preceding works contain facsimiles. See also Hardy, Catalogue of Materials (No. 45), vol. iii., 20 plates ; and the Epinal Glossary (No. 1483). Facsimiles of Welsh and Irish MSS. will be found in the Series of Welsh Texts edited by John Rhys and J. G. Evans, Oxford, 1887, etc., and in various 'books,' like the Book of Leinster, published by the Royal Irish Academy. Most of the fol- lowing collections are elaborate and expensive. Those published by the English government (Nos. 256, 258, 260-62) are marred by many inaccuracies. 251. Album paleographique [ed. Leopold Delisle]. Societe de rEcole des Chartes. Paris, 1887. 50 plates. 252. Anderson, James. Selectus diplomatum et numismatum Scotise thesaurus. Edinburgh, 1739. 180 plates. 253. Appendix to reports from the record commissioners : engraved facsimiles inserted in the works of the record commission. [London], 1819. 86 plates. 254. Caslev, David. Catalogue of the MSS. of the king's library [British Museum]. London, 1734. 16 plates. 255. Catalogue of ancient manuscripts in the British Museum [ed. E. M. Thompson and G. F. Warner]. Pt. ii. London, 1884. 61 plates. 256. Domesday book, or the great survey of William the Con- queror [facsimiles of the parts relating to the various counties, ed. W. B. Sanders]. 33 pts. Ordnance Survey Office, Southampton, 1861-64. 257. Facsimiles of ancient charters in the British Museum [Anglo-Saxon period, ed. E. A. Bond]. 4 pts. London, 1873-78. 144 plates. 258. Facsimiles of Anglo-Saxon manuscripts, ed. W. B. Sanders. 3 pts. Ordnance Survey Office, Southampton, 1878-84. 121 plates. § 6] Pal.^ography and Diplomatics 33 259. Facsimiles of manuscripts and inscriptions, ed. E. A. Bond, E. M. Thompson, and G. F. Warner. Palceographical Soc. 3 vols. London, 1873-83. - — 2nd series, 2 vols., 1884-94. The two series conlain 465 plates, embracing writings of all ages and of all regions of Europe. 260. Facsimiles of national manuscripts [of England], from William the Conqueror to Queen Anne [ed. W. B. Sanders]. 4 pts. Ordnance Survey Office, Southampton, 1865-68. 341 facsimiles. 261. Facsimiles of national manuscripts of Ireland, ed. J. T. Gilbert. 4 pts. in 5 vols. London, etc., 1874-84. 182 facsimiles. The introductions were also separately printed : Account of Facsimiles of National MSS. of Ireland (London, 1884). 262. Facsimiles of national manuscripts of Scotland [ed. Cosmo Innes]. 3 pts. Ordnance Survey Office, Southampton, 1867-71. 272 facsimiles. 263. Recueil de fac-similes a I'usage de I'Ecole des Chartes. 4 series. Paris, i88o-[87]. 100 plates, containing 185 facsimiles. 264. SiLVESTRE, J. B. Paleographie universelle : collection de fac-similes 'decritures de tous las peuples. 4 vols. Paris, 1839-41 — Translated by Frederic IMadden : Universal palaeography. 2 vols. London, 1850. 265. Skeat, W. W. Twelve facsimiles of old English manu- scripts. Oxford, 1892. 266. SvBEL, H. VON, and Sickel, T. von. Kaiserurkunden in Abbildungen. Text, i vol.; facsimiles, 11 vols. Berlin, [i88o]-9i. 295 plates. 267. Westwood, J. O. Facsimiles of the miniatures and orna- ments of Anglo-Saxon and Irish manuscripts. London, 186S. 53 plates. 34 General Authorities : Auxiliaries [part i § 7. SPHRAGISTICS AND HERALDRY. a. Sphragistics, Nos. 268-76. b. Heraldry, Nos. 277-96. a. SPHRAGISTICS. There is a good account of this subject in Bresslau's Handbuch (No. 228), ch. xix., and in Giry's Manuel (No. 233), ch. ix. See also Nos. 235, 284. No. 274 contains a long list of works concerning seals. 268. Birch, W. de Gray. Catalogue of seals in the department of manuscripts in the British IMuseum. 5 vols. London, 1887-98. 48 plates. 269. Chassant, Alphonse, and Delbarre, P. J. Dictionnaire de sigillographie, contenant toutes les notions propres a faciliter I'etude des sceaux. Paris, i860. 270. Demay, Germain. Le costume au moyen-age d'apres les sceaux. Paris, 1880. There is a good account of sphragistics on pp. 3-76. 271. Grotefend, Hermann. Ueber Sphragistik. Breslau, 1875. PP- 54- 272. Laing, Henry. Descriptive catalogue of impressions from ancient Scottish seals, a.d. 1094 to the Commonwealth. Maitlafid Club. Edinburgh, 1850. — Supplement, a.d. 1150 to the eighteenth century, Edinburgh, 1866. Contains forty-four valuable plates. 273. Leggy de la Marche, Albert. Les sceaux, Paris, [1889]. 274. List of books and pamphlets in the national art library, South Kensington museum, illustrating seals. London, 1886. pp. 46. 275. Seyler, G. a. Geschichte der Siegel. Magdeburg, 1894. Deals mainly with Germany. 276. Wygn, a. B., and Wyon, Allan. The great seals of England. London, 1887. 55 plates. Valuable, but the text contains many errors. § 7] Sphragistics and Heraldry 35 b. HERALDRY. The most elaborate treatise on heraldry is that of AVoodward and Burnett. Boutell's is the best of the numerous manuals. The dictionaries of Burke, Elvin, and Papworth are useful books of reference. A series of volumes on old English heraldry, based on the original sources, edited by Oswald Barron and W. H. St. John Hope, will soon be published by Archibald Constable & Co. ; the first volume will be a corpus of all the early English rolls of arms. For the bibliography of heraldry, see No. 289, and the works of Gatfield and Moule (Nos. 297-8). The periodicals, guides, etc., in § 8 are also useful. 277. Bedford, W. K. R. The blazon of episcopacy, being the arms borne by the archbishops and bishops of England and Wales. London, 1858. 2nd edition, Oxford, 1897. 278. BouTELL, Charles. A manual of heraldry. London, 1863. — 3rd edition: Heraldry, historical and popular, with 975 illustrations, 1864. — Abridged under the title: English heraldry. London, 1867; 6th edition, with 450 illustrations, 1899. The best handbook of English heraldry. 279. Burke, John, and Burke, J. B. A general armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales. London, 1842. [New edition], 1884. 280. Clark, Hugh. An introduction to heraldry. London, 1775. — 1 8th edition, by J. R. Blanche, 1866. 281. CussANS, J. E. Handbook of heraldry. London, 1869 [1868]. 4th edition, 1893. 282. Elvin, C. N. Dictionary of heraldry. London, [1889]. Valuable. 283. Fairbairn, James. Fairbairn's Crests of the families of Great Britain and Ireland. 2 vols. Edinburgh, etc., [i860]. — New edition, by A. C. Fox-Davies : Book of crests of the families of Great Britain and Ireland. 2 vols. Edinburgh, 1892. Vol. ii. contains 229 plates. 284. Fox-Davies, A. C, and Crookes, M. E. B. The book of public arms : a cyclopaedia of the armorial bearings, seals, etc., of counties, cities, etc., of the United Kingdom. Edinburgh, 1894. 130 plates. D 2 36 General Authorities : Auxiliaries [part i 285. [GouGH, Henry.] A glossary of terms used in heraldry. Oxford, 1847. New edition, with 1000 illustrations, 1894. 286. Greenstreet, James, and Russell, Charles. Reference list of the rolls of arms and other early authorities for ancient coat- armour. [London, 1881.] pp. 41. Cf. Richard Sims, Manual for the Genealogist, 1856, pp. 300-306. 287. GuiLLiM, John. A display of heraldry. London, 1610. 6th edition, 1724. The best of the older works. 288. HULME, F. E. The history, principles, and practice of heraldry. London, 1892. 289. List of works on heraldr)' in the national art library. South Kensington museum. London, 1880. 2nd edition, 1884 ; pp. 75. 290. Lower, M. A. The curiosities of heraldry. London, 1845. 291. Papworth, J. W. An alphabetical dictionary of coats of arms belonging to families in Great Britain and Ireland. 2 vols. London, [i858]-74. Valuable. 292. Planche, J. R. The pursuivant of arms, or heraldry founded upon facts. London, 1852. 3rd edition, [1874]. 293. Seyler, G. a. Geschichte der Heraldik. [A part of Johann Siebmacher's Grosses Wappenbuch.] Nuremberg, 1890 [1885-89]. More detailed than any history of heraldry written in English. 294. Woodward, John. A treatise on ecclesiastical heraldry. Edinburgh, 1894. 295. Woodward, John, and Burnett, George. A treatise on heraldry, British and foreign. 2 vols. Edinburgh, etc., 1892. The most exhaustive treatise on English heraldry. 296. Worthy, Charles. Practical heraldry, or an epitome of English heraldry. London, 1889. § 8] Biography and Genealogy 37 § 8. BIOGRAPHY AND GENEALOGY. a. Bibliographies and Journals, Nos. 297-302. b. Dictionaries, Guides, etc., Nos. 303-11. c. Peerages, Nos. 312-21. d. Royal t)', Chancellors, Justices, etc., Nos. 322-34. e. History of Names, Nos. 335-42. The best biographical work of reference is the Dictionary of National Biography (No. 305), and the most complete * peerage ' is Cokayne's (No. 315). There is a long list of works on the genealogy of royal and noble famiHes in Sims's Manual (No. 311), 178-92. See also §§ \^h, 38^, 47^, 56^, 70^. a. BIBLIOGRAPHIES AND JOURNALS. See Nos. 308-9, 311. 297. Gatfield, George. Guide to printed books and manu- scripts relating to English and foreign heraldry and genealogy. London, 1892. A very long list, badly arranged. 298. MouLE, Thomas. Bibliotheca heraldica Magnae Britannise : an analytical catalogue of books on genealogy, heraldry, etc. London, 1822. 299. Genealogical Magazine : a journal of family history, heraldry, and pedigrees. London, 1897, etc. 300. Genealogist (The), ed. G. W. Marshall, etc. London, 1875, etc. 301. Herald (The) and Genealogist, ed. J. G. Nichols. 8 vols. London, 1863-74. Nichols also edited Collectanea Topographica et Genealogica, 8 vols., 1834- 43 ; and The Topographer and Genealogist, 3 vols., 1846-58, 302. Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica, ed. Joseph J. Howard. London, 1868 [1866], etc. (5 38 General Authorities : Auxiliaries [part i b. dictionaries, GUIDES, ETC. 303. Calendarium genealogicum, Henry III. -Edward I., ed. Charles Roberts. Rolls Series. 2 vols. London, 1S65. 304. Dictionary of Christian biography, literature, sects, and doctrines [to about a.d. 800], ed. William Smith and Henry Wace. 4 vols. London, 1877-87. Valuable. 305. *Dictionary of national biography, ed. Leslie Stephen and Sidney Lee. 63 vols. London, 1 885-1 goo. 306. Haydn, Joseph. The book of dignities, containing lists of the official personages of the British empire from the earliest periods to the present time. London, 185 1. 3rd edition, 1894. 307. LoRENz, Ottokar. Lehrbuch der Genealogie. Berlin, 1898. 308. *Marshall, G. W, The genealogist's guide. London, 1879. [3rd edition], Guildford, 1893. An index of the pedigrees contained in every important genealogical and topographical work. 309. Phillijniore, W. p. W. How to write the history of a family : a guide for the genealogist. London, 1887. 2nd edition, 1888; supplement, 1896. A useful work, containing much bibliographical information. 310. Rye, Walter. Records and record searching : a guide to the genealogist and topographer. London, etc., 1888. 2nd edition, 1897. Valuable. 311. Sims, Richard. A manual for the genealogist, topographer, antiquary, and legal professor. London, 1856. 2nd edition, 1861 ; new edition, 1888. The three editions are printed from the same plates. The work is still useful, though sadly in need of revision. c. PEERAGES. 312. Banks, T. C. The dormant and extinct baronage of England. 4 vols. London, 1807-37. § 8] Biography and Genealogy 39 313. Burke, John, and Burke, J. B. A genealogical and heraldic dictionary of the peerage and baronetage of the British empire. London, 1826. 62nd edition, 1900. This well-known work should be used with caution. Mr. R. E. Chester Waters (Parish Registers, 1883, p. 39) calls it a ' gorgeous repertory of genea- logical mytholog}'.' 314. Cleveland, Duchess of [C. L. W. Rowlett]. The Battle abbey roll. 3 vols. London, 1889. Deals with the pedigrees of many noble families. This roll is a list of the principal followers of William the Conqueror who took part in the battle of Hastings. The original is not extant, and the various copies have little historical value. The duchess of Cleveland admits that, owing to the numerous interpola- tions, ' its value as an authority is irretrievably lost.' See Joseph Hunter, On the so-called Roll of Battle Abbey, Sussex Archreol. Society, Collections, 1853, vi. 1-14 ; he claims that the existing copies or lists were not ascribed to Battle abbey until the time of Elizabeth. See also G. [F.] Duckett, Remarks on a Battle Abbey Roll, ibid., 1878, xxviii. 127-31 ; and A. E. P. Gray, The Roll of Battle Abbey, Historic Soc. of Lane, and Chesh., Trans., 1895, xlvi. I-18. 315. *C[okavne], G. E. Complete peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and United Kingdom, extant, extinct, or dormant. 8 vols. London, 1887-98. The most comprehensive of all works of this kind in the English language. 316. Collins, Arthur. The peerage of England. London, 1709. — New edition, by S. E. Brydges, 9 vols., London, 1812. 317. Doyle, J. E. The official baronage of England, showing the succession, dignities, and offices of every peer from 1066 to 1885. 3 vols. London, 1886. Valuable, but deals only with the higher grades of peerage, giving the offices held by dukes, marquises, earls, and viscounts. 318. *DuGDALE, William. The baronage of England. 2 vols. London, 167-576. Though many of Dugdale's pedigrees are wrong, his work remains of great value for the middle ages. 319. Foster, Joseph. The peerage, baronetage, and knightage of the British empire. [Issued annually.] 5 vols. London, 1879-83. Valuable. 320. Lodge, Edmund. The peerage and baronetage of the British empire. London, 1831. 69th edition, 1900. 40 General Authorities : Auxiliaries [part i 321. Nicolas, [N.J H. The historic peerage of England, being a new edition of the Synopsis of the peerage of England, by the late Sir Harris Nicolas [2 vols., 1825]. Revised by William Courthope. London, 1857. Contains also the succession of bishops and an essay on dignities. The remainder of the work is now replaced by Cokayne's Peerage. d. ROYALTY, CHANCELLORS, JUSTICES, ETC. See Nos. 706, 974. 322. Burke, John, [and Burke, J. B.]. The royal families of England, Scotland, and Wales, with their descendants. 2 vols. London, 1848-51. 323. Campbell, John. The lives of the chief justices of England. 3 vols. London, 1849-57. 3rd edition, 4 vols., 1874. 324. . The lives of the lord chancellors of England. 8 vols. London, 1845-69. 4th edition, 10 vols., 1856-57. These two works are useful, but they contain many inaccurate statements. 325. DoREN, [John]. The book of the princes of Wales. London, i860. 326. Finch, B. C. Lives of the princesses of Wales. 3 vols,^ London, 1883. A popular account, exhibiting little research. 327. Foss, Edward. The judges of England. 9 vols. London, 1848-64. — Abridged under the title: Biographia juridica, a bio- graphical dictionary of the judges of England, 1066-1870. London, 1870. Valuable, but not reliable. 328. Green, M. A. E. Lives of the princesses of England, from the Norman conquest. 6 vols. London, 1849-55 ; re- printed, 1857. Displays considerable research. 329. O'Flanagan, J. R. The lives of the lord chancellors of Ireland. 2 vols. London, 1870. § 8j Biography and Genealogy 41 330. Sandford, Francis. Genealogical history of the kings and queens of England, 1066-1707. First published [in 1677] by Francis Sandford, and continued by Samuel Stebbing. London, 1707. 331. Strickland, Agnes. Lives of the queens of England, from the Norman conquest. 12 vols. London, 1840-48. New- edition, 8 vols., 1851-52 ; 6 vols., 1864-65. 332. Williams, R. F. Lives of the English cardinals, from Nicholas Breakspear to Thomas Wolsey. 2 vols. London, 1868. 333. . Lives of the princes of Wales. Vol. i. [to 1376]. London, 1843. 334. Wright, Thomas. Biographia Britannica literaria. Anglo- Saxon period. London, 1842. — Anglo-Norman period. London, 1846. e. HISTORY OF NAMES. There is a useful list of Latin surnames, with their English equi- valents, in Martin's Record Interpreter (No. 239), 320-33. For a good short account of the history of names, see Giry's Manuel (No. 233)5 351-76. 335. Barber, Henry. British family names : their origin and meaning. London, 1894. 336. Bardsley, C. W. English surnames : their sources and signification. London, [1873]. 5th edition, 1897. The most reliable hook on this subject. 337. Ferguson, Robert. Surnames as a science. London, 1883. 2nd edition, 1884. 337 3.. • The Teutonic name-system applied to the family names of France, England, and Germany. London, 1864. 338. Kemble, J. M. The names, surnames, and nicnames of the Anglo-Saxons. Royal Archceol. Institute of Great Britain, Proceedings at Winchester, 1845, pp. 81-102. London, 1846. 339. Lower, M. A. English surnames : an essay on family nomenclature. London, 1842. 4th edition, 2 vols., 1875. 42 General x^uthorities : Auxiliaries [parti 340. Lower, M. A. Patronimica Britannica : a dictionary of the family names of the United Kingdom. London, i860. 341. Searle, W. G. Onomasticon Anglo-Saxonicum : a list of Anglo-Saxon proper names [i.e. of persons], from the time of Beda to that of King John. Cambridge, 1897. Severely criticised in the AthenEeum, Jan. 22, 189S, p. no. 342. YoNGE, C. ^L History of Christian names. 2 vols. London, 1863. New edition, i vol., 1884. § 9. GEOGRAPHY AND TOPOGRAPHY. a. Treatises, Nos. 343-52. b. Dictionaries and Gazetteers, Nos. 353-62. c. Historical Atlases, Nos. 363-8. Political geography has long been considered an important part of historical study, and in recent years the scientific investigation of place-names has thrown much light on the early history of European nations. For bibHographical purposes Egli's Namenkunde (No. 345) is valuable; see also Karl Elze, Englische Philologie (No. 40), 100-133. There is a good account of the history of place-names, especially in France, with a bibliography of the subject, in Giry's Manuel (No. 233), 377-420. For Anglo-Saxon names, see Kemble, Codex Diplomaticus, vols, iii., vi., and Saxons in England, ii. 550-58 ; Leo, Rectitudines (No. 349). For the influence of the Danes, see § 42, especially the works of Worsaae and Ferguson ; Taylor, Words and Places (No. 351). One of the greatest difficulties that the historical investigator encounters is the identification of old place-names. All the general dictionaries (Nos. 353-62) are very incomplete. They must be supplemented by the indexes in such works as Stubbs's edition of Hoveden, the Calendars of the Patent and Close Rolls, the Catalogue of Ancient Deeds (Rolls Series), Hall's edition of the Red Book of the Exchequer, the publications of the Selden Society, the Monu- menta Histori?e Britannica, Kemble's Codex Diplomaticus, vol. vi., Maitland's edition of Bracton's Note Book, Tanner's Notitia Mon- astica, Cowell's Law Dictionary, 1708, appendix, etc. See also Martin, Record Interpreter (No. 239), 259-315 ; Pearson, Historical Maps (No. 366), 12-38. The bibliographies of topographical works are given above in § 2. Lewis's Dictionaries (Nos. 360-62), though not works of much research, will be found useful for purposes of general reference. § 9] Geography and Topography 43 For topographical guides, etc., see Nos. 301, 309-11 ; and for histories of counties, boroughs, manors, etc., § 24. a. TREATISES. 343. Camden, William. Britannia. London, 1586; [6th edition], 1607. — Translated into English by Richard Gough, 3 vols., 1789 ; 2nd edition, 4 vols., 1806. 344. Edmunds, Flavell. Traces of history in the names of places. London, 1869. New edition, 1872. 345. Egli, J. J. Geschichte der geographischen Namenkunde. Leipsic, 1886. A valuable account of the literature relating to the historical study of place- names. 346. Freeman, E. A. The historical geography of Europe. 2 vols. London, 1881. 2nd edition, 1882. The best work in English on this subject. Vol. ii. : maps. 347. Gentleman's Magazine library : English topography, ed. G. L. Gomme. 12 pts. London, 1891-1900. 348. Joyce, P. W. The origin and history of Irish names of places. Dublin, 1869; 2nd edition, 1870. — 2nd series, 1875 ; 2nd edition, 1883. Valuable. 349. Leo, Heinrich. Rectitudines singularum personarum. Halle, 1842. Die angelsachsischen Ortsnamen, I-104. Translated by B. Williams : Trea- tise on the Local Nomenclature of the Anglo-Saxons, London, 1852. 350. Taylor, Isaac. Names and their histories : a handbook of historical geography and topographical nomenclature. London, 1896. 351. . Words and places. London, 1864. 3rd edition, 1873- 352. Westphal, Johannes. Englische Ortsnamen im Altfranzo- sischen. Strasburg, 1891. pp. 39. b. DICTIONARIES AND GAZETTEERS. 353. Bartholomew, John. Gazetteer of the British isles. Edinburgh, 1887. [New edition, 1893.] 44 General Authorities : Auxiliaries [part i 354. Bibliophile. Dictionnaire de geographic ancienne et moderne. Par un bibliophile [Pierre Deschamps]. Paris, 1870. The most comprehensive dictionary of Latin place-names. 355. BiscHOFF, F. H. T., and Moller, J. H. Vergleichendes Worterbuch [Latin-German] der Geographic. Gotha, 1829. 356. Brabner, J. H. F. (editor). The comprehensive gazetteer of England and Wales. 6 vols. London, [1893-95]. 357. Chevin, L'Abbe. Dictionnaire latin-francais des noms de lieux, principalement au point de vue ecclesiastique. Bar-le-Duc, [1897]. 358. Egli, J. J. Nomina geographica. Leipsic, 1872. 2nd edition, 1893. Explains the etymology of names. 359. Grasse, J. G. T. Orbis Latinus, oder Verzeichniss der lateinischen Bcnennungen der bekanntesten Stadte, etc. Dresden, 1861. 360. Lewis, Samuel. A topographical dictionary of England. 4 vols. London, 1831. 7th edition, 1849. 361. . A topographical dictionary of Ireland. 2 vols. London, 1837. 2nd edition, 1842. 362. . A topographical dictionary of Wales. 2 vols. London, 1833. 4th edition, 1849. c. HISTORICAL ATLASES. The best maps of the counties are those of the Ordnance Survey. See Catalogue of Maps, etc., of the Ordnance Survey of England and Wales (London, 1895); and similar catalogues for Ireland and Scotland. 363. Droysen, Gustav. Allgemeiner historischer Handatlas. Leipsic, 1886. 364. Gardiner, S. R. A school atlas of English history. London, 1891. 365. McClure, Edmund. Historical church atlas. London, etc., 1897. § 9] Geography and Topography 45 366. Pearson, C. H. Historical maps of England during the first thirteen centuries. London, 1869. 2nd edition, 1870. Contains five useful maps, with a valuable text : — Britannia Romana. Britannia Cambrica. Saxon Ensrland. Norman England. Monastic England. 367. *PooLE, R. L. (editor). Historical atlas of modern Europe, from the decline of the Roman empire. Pts. i.-xxv. Oxford, etc., 1896-1900. Roman Britain, by F. Haverfield. ' England and Wales under the house England and Wales before 1066, by ; of Lancaster, by James Tait. W. H. Stevenson. ! Anglia monastica, by A. M. Cooke. England and Wales under Edward I., ; Parliamentary representation, England by T. F. Tout. , and Wales, to 1832, by G. W. Anglia sacra, temp. Edw. I., by C. j Prothero. [W. C] Oman. j Early Ireland, by G. W. Orpen. 368. Spruner, Karl von. Historisch-geographischer Hand- atlas. Gotha, 1846. — 3rd edition, by Theodor Menke, 1880. § 10. NUMISMATICS. a. Bibliographies and Journals, Nos. 369-71. b. General Treatises, Nos. 372-82. etc., vi. 813-54. Tonge, Salop, collegiate church, sta- tutes, 1410, vi. 1404-I1. Winchcomb abbey, statutes, etc., ii. 300-314. 13-48. Glastonbury abbey, charters, etc., i. 22-79. 614. Friedberg, Emil. Corpus juris canonici. 2 vols. Leipsic, 1879-81. The best edition of the Corpus Juris. § 16] Collections Privately Edited 87 615. Gibson, Edmund. Codex juris ecclesiastici Anglican!, or the statutes, constitutions, etc., of the church of England. 2 vols. London, 1713. 2nd edition, 2 vols., O.xford, 1761. Deals mainly with church law since the Reformation, but also contains many- medieval documents. 616. *Haddan, a. W,, and Stubbs, William. Councils and ecclesiastical documents relating to Great Britain and Ireland. Vols, i.-iii. Oxford, 1869-78. land, to 1 188 ; church of Ireland, to 665. Vol. iii. Anglo-Saxon church, to 870. This admirably edited work is a new edition of Wilkins's Concilia (No. 631). Vol. i. British church, a. D. 200-681 ; church of Wales, to 1295. Vol. ii. Churches of Cumbria and Scot- 617. Hardy, W. J., and Gee, Henry. Documents illustrative of English church history [a.d. 314-1700]. London, etc., 1896. Contains forty-five medieval and seventy-nine modern documents (translations only). 618. Hart, Richard. Ecclesiastical records of England, Ireland, and Scotland, to the Reformation. Cambridge, 1836. 2nd edition, 1846. An epitome of Wilkins's Concilia (No. 631). 619. Holstenius [Holste], Lucas. Codex regularum monas- ticarum. 3 pts. Rome, 1661. [New edition], 6 vols., Augsburg, 1759- The most complete collection of monastic ' rules.' The best edition of the Benedictine rule is that of Eduard Woelfflin : Benedicti Regula jNIonachorum, Leipsic, 1S95, pp. 85. See also The Rule of St. Benedict, edited, with an English translation, by a monk of St. Benedict's abbey, Fort-Augustus, London, [1886] ; Ludwig Traube, Textgeschichte der Regula S. Benedicti, Munich, 1898, pp. 32; and § 38 r. 620. Jaffe, Philipp. Regesta pontificum Romanorum ad annum 1198. Berlin, 185 1. — 2nd edition, by Wilhelm Wattenbach, 2 vols., Leipsic, 1885-88. Continued by Potthast (No. 625). 621. Johnson, John. Collection of ecclesiastical laws. 2 pts. London, 1720. — New edition, by John Baron, 2 vols., Oxford, 1850-51. 88 General Authorities : Printed Sources [part i 622. Lyndwood, AVilliam. Provinciale (seu constitutiones Anglije) continens constitutiones provinciales archiepiscoporum Cant' a Stephano Langtono ad Henricum Chichleium, cum annotationibus, auctore Gul. Lyndwood. Cui adjiciuntur constitutiones Othonis et Othoboni, cum annotationibus J. de Athona. 2 pts. Oxford, 1679, The most authoritative digest of medieval canon law of England. Lynd- wood's work was completed in 1430, and was first printed at Oxford, without title- page, about 1470-80. This edition was soon followed by others, for which see Dictionary of National Biography, 1893, xxxiv. 341. The best edition is that of 1679. On the value and contents of the work, see Maitland, in English Histori- cal Review, xi. 446-78, and his Roman Canon Law (No. 767), I-50. John of Ayton's annotations or commentary on the constitutions of Otho and Ottoboni, papal legates in England in the 13th century, was compiled between 1333 and 1348. He was a canon of Lincoln. See J. Brownbill, An Old English Canonist, in the Antiquary, 1 891, xxiv. 164-7. 623. Maskell, William. Monumenta ritualia ecclesise Angli- canse. 3 vols. London, 1846-47. 2nd edition, 3 vols., Oxford, 1882. 624. Oliver, George. Monasticon dioecesis Exoniensis : records illustrating the ancient foundations in Cornwall and Devon. Exeter, 1846. — Additional supplement, 1854. Valuable ; supplements Dugdale (No. 613). 625. PoTTHAST, August. Regesta pontificum Romanorum, 1198-1304. 2 vols. Berlin, 1874-75. See No. 620. 626. Prynne, William. An exact chronological vindication of our kings' supreme ecclesiastical jurisdiction over all religious affairs [from the establishment of Christianity to the death of Edward L]. 3 vols. London, 1666, 1665-68. — Vol. iii., with a new title- page : The history of King John, Henry IIL, and Edward I. London, 1670. — Vol. iii., with another title-page : Antiqu?e constitu- tiones regni Anglise circa jurisdictionem ecclesiasticam, John- Edward L London, 1672. Consists largely of extracts from the charter, close, and patent rolls, chroniclers, etc. These three volumes are usually called Prynne's Records. 627. Spelman, Henry. Concilia, decreta, leges, constitutiones in re ecclesiarum orbis Britannici. 2 vols. London, 1639-64. Superseded by Wilkins's collection (No. 631). § 16] Collections Privately Edited 89 628. Theiner, Augustin. Vetera monumenta Hibernorum et Scotorum historian! illustrantia, 1216-1547. Rome, 1864. A valuable collection of papal letters, most of which are addressed to bishops of Ireland and Scotland. 629. UssHER, James. Veterum epistolarum Hibernicarum syl- loge. Dublin, 1632. — Another edition, in his Works, iv. 384-572. Dublin, 1847. Contains fifty letters, relating mainly to church affairs, about A.D. 600-1200. 630. White, J. W. The constitutions of Otho [1236]. London, 1844. pp. 16. Translation only. 631. *WiLKiNS, David. Concilia Magnje Britanni?e et Hibernise, A.D. 446-1718, 4 vols. London, 1737. See Hardy, Catalogue of Materials, i. 754-62. The earlier portions of Wil- kins's work are uncritical and incomplete, and are now superseded (to A. D. 870) by the edition of Haddan and Stubbs : No. 616. 90 Chapter V :\IODERN WRITERS § 17. GENERAL TREATISjES. a. General History, Nos. 632-7. b. Constitutional Histor}', Nos. 638-45. c. Legal History, Nos. 646-60. a. GENERAL HISTORY. 632. Green, J. R. History of the English people. 4 vols. London, 1877-80 ; reprinted, 8 vols., 1895-96. The most important general history of England, devoting much attention to the social condition of the people. It is an expansion of his Short History of the English People, London, 1874 ; new edition, 4 vols., 1892-94. 633. Lappenberg, J. M., and Pauli, Reinhold. Geschichte von England [to 1509]. 5 vols. Hamburg, 1834-58. Vols, i ii., by Lappenberg, were translated by Benjamin Thorpe : History of England under the Anglo-Saxon Kings (2 vols., London, 1845; new edition, 1881) ; and History of England under the Norman Kings (Oxford, 1S57). Vols. iii.-v., by Pauli, contain the best account of political events from 1154 to 1509. The five volumes give a good survey of the works of the chroniclers. 634. LiNGARD, John. A history of England to 1688. 8 vols. London, 1819-30. 5th edition [the last edition revised by the author], 10 vols., 1849; new edition, 10 vols., 1883. A good survey of English history from the Roman Catholic point of view. His account of the 14th, 15th, and i6th centuries is more useful than the earlier portions of the work. 635. Pearson, C. H. History of England during the early and middle ages. 2 vols. London, 1867. A scholarly work, but the author lays undue stress upon ' the perpetuity of Roman influences ' and the continuity of constitutional development. General Treatises 91 636. *Ramsay, J. H. The foundations of England, or twelve centuries of British history, i;.c. 55-A.i). 1154. 2 vols, London, 1898. The best survey of the main facts of English history to 1 1 54. Devotes much attention to miHtary operations. 637. St. John, J. A. History of the four conquests of England [b.c. 55-A.D. 1087]. 2 vols. London, 1862. b. CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY. Some of the most important of the older works concerning English institutions were written on the continent, where the English constitution was regarded as a model worthy to be studied and copied. The most eminent of these writers were : Montesquieu, L'Esprit des Lois, bk. xi., 1748; De Lolme, Constitution de I'Angle- terre, 1771 ; and Von Yincke, Darstellung der Innern Yerwaltung Grossbritanniens, 1815. Judged by our present standard of criticism, all these works are rather superficial. Early in the present century De Lolme's book and the historical sketch in Blackstone's Com- mentaries seem to have been the leading authorities on English con- stitutional history. They were, however, in large part superseded by Hallam's View of the State of Europe (No. 640). Palgrave and Kemble did much to stimulate research, but their investigations related mainly to the Anglo-Saxon period. The treatises of Gneist and Stubbs have a wider range, and are the best general authorities on the medieval institutions of England. Gneist was led to the study of the subject by the desire to ascertain what there was in the English constitution which Prussia might safely copy ; he wished to show the futility of attempting to estabUsh parliamentary government in Prussia A\'ithout a good substructure of local and provincial insti- tutions, and he believed that Germany could learn much concerning administration and self-government from a careful study of English history. 638. Essays introductory to the study of English constitutional history, ed. H. O. Wakeman and Arthur Hassall. London, 1887. [2nd edition], 1891. Early English constitution, by H. H. Henson. Feudalism, by W. J. Ashley. C. VV. C. Oman. Constitutional kingship, I399-I43S> ^Y A. Hassall. Administrati%e system, 1100-1265, by j Church and state, by H. O. Wakeman. The writers do not pretend that the work is the result of original research. 92 General Authorities : Modern Writers [paut i 639. *Gneist, Rudolf. Englische Verfassungsgeschichte. Berlin, 1882. — Translated by P. A. Ashworth : The history of the English constitution. 2 vols. London, 1886 ; 2nd edition, 1889 ; another edition, i vol., 1891. This is a sort of digest of Gneist's more detailed works on English history. His books lack unity of design, and often overlap one another. Without examin- ing all of them the reader cannot be sure that he has before him in a given volume all that Gneist wrote on a particular subject ; much that is found in one treatise may be omitted in a later edition, or may be repeated in another work. For ex- ample, the 3rd edition of the Communalverfassung appears under a new title, and omits the valuable account of the history of self-government which is con- tained in the earlier editions. The basis of all his works on English institutions is Das Heutige Englische Verfassungs- und Verwaltungsrecht, 3 pts. , Berlin, 1857-63. The 2nd edition of one part of this is called Das Englische Verwal- tungsrecht, 1867 ; 3rd edition, 1883-84. The 2nd edition of the other part is en- titled Communalverfassung, 1863 ; 3rd edition, Self-government, Communalver- fassung und Verwaltungsgerichte, 1871 ; French translation by Theodore Hippert entitled La Constitution Communale de I'Angleterre, 6 vols., Paris, 1868-70. His history of parliament, Das Englische Parlament, 1886, contains many pages taken, verbatim or in the form of abstracts, from the Verfassungsgeschichte. Gneist strongly emphasises the development of administration in England from below upward, the aristocratic tendencies of English self-government, and the important part played by the gentry in local and central affairs. 640. Hallam, Henry. View of the state of Europe during the middle ages. 2 vols. London, 18 18. loth edition, including supplemental notes, 3 vols., London, 1853; nth edition [the last edition issued during the author's lifetime], 1855. Ch. viii. Constitutional history of England to 1485. This chapter, though in large part superseded by the work of Stubbs, may still be read with profit. 641. Lewis, Hubert. Ancient laws of Wales, viewed in regard to the light they throw upon the origin of English institutions, ed. J. E. Lloyd. London, 1889. Part ii. devotes much attention to English history, but it is marred by the effort to discover everywhere traces of Celtic influence. 642. Medley, 1). J. A student's manual of English constitu- tional history. Oxford, etc., 1894. 2nd edition, 1898. Contains in a compact form the results of recent investigation. 643. *Stuhbs, William. The constitutional history of England [to 1485]. 3 vols. Oxford, 1874-78; 6th edition of vol. i., 1897; 4th edition of vol. ii., 1896; 5th edition of vol. iii., 1895. The best general account of the medieval institutions of England. § 171 General Treatises 93 644. Taswell-Langmead, T. P. English constitutional history : a text-book for students and others. London, 1875. 5th edition, 1896. 645. Taylor, Hannis. The origin and growth of the English constitution. 2 pts. Boston, etc., 1889-98. A useful compilation. c. LEGAL HISTORY. The best account of legal history to the reign of Edward I. is that of Pollock and Maitland. For the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries we must resort mainly to the treatise of Reeves, until that is superseded by a better work. Holmes's Common Law is excel- lent for the ground which it covers. Spence's Equitable Jurisdiction (No. 2984) also devotes much attention to the history of the common law. There are some valuable papers on the History of Assumpsit and the Disseisin of Chattels, by J- B. Ames, in Harvard Law Review, 1888-90, vols, ii.-iii. 646. Blackstone, William, Commentaries on the laws of England. 4 vols. London, 1765-69. 9th edition [containing the author's last corrections], 1783 ; 23rd edition, 1854. 647. Brunner, Heinrich. Forschungen zur Geschichte des deutschen und franzosischen Rechtes. Stuttgart, 1894. This valuable work throws light on the history of some parts of the English law : for example, ch. vii. deals with the history of attorneys in England, ch. viii. with outlawry, and ch. x. with unintentional misdoing. 648. Carter, A. T. Outlines of English legal history. London, 1899. Deals mainly with the histoiy of jurisdictions. 649. Coke, Edward. Institutes of the laws of England. 4 pts. London, 1628-44. Various later editions. The many references to the year books contained in this ' learned collection of disjointed notes' are helpful, but they are often incorrect. 650. Crabh, George. A history of English law. London, 1829. Of little value. 651. Glasson, Ernest. Histoire du droit et des institutions de I'Angleterre, compares au droit, etc., de la France. 6 vols. Paris, 1882-83. Pretentious, but of little value. 94 General Authorities : Modern Writers [part i 652. GuNDERMANN, J. I. Englischcs Privatrecht. Erster Theil : Die common law. [Second title-page : Besitz und Eigenthum in England.] Tubingen, 1864. Sources of the common law, I-136. | Possession and ownership, 137-317. Legal procedure (the assizes), 318-497. 653. [H.ALE, Matthew.] The histor}' of the common law of England. London, 17 13. — 6th edition, with notes by Charles Runnington, 2 pts., 1820. A posthumous and fragmentary work. 654. Holmes, O.W. The common law. Boston, 188 1 ; London, 1882. A valuable account of some of the great formative ideas of English law. 655. Jenks, Edward. Law and politics in the middle ages. London, 1898. Contains a valuable account of the origin of various institutions and legal ideas : the state, the village, hundred, shire, courts of justice, property, and con- tract. 656. Maine, H. S. Ancient law. London, 1861. loth edition, 1885 ; new edition, 1890. Contains a valuable comparison of English and Roman law, etc. In this work, as also in his Early History of Institutions, London, 1875, ^°>'o- 54), 33-34- 817. Brady, Robert. An historical treatise of cities and boroughs. London, i6go. 2nd edition, 1704; new edition, 1777. Of little value ; displays a partisan spirit. 818. Brentano, Lujo. On the history and development of gilds. London, [1870]. A reprint of the introductory essay to Smith's English Gilds (No. 2214). There is a revised German version in Brentano's Arbeitergilden der Gegenwart, Leipsic, 1871. Some of his general conclusions are untenable. 819. Clark, G. T. The castles of England [William I. to Henry IL, and their political influence]. Cambrian ArcJix^ol. Assoc, Archseologia Cambrensis, 4th series, xii. 1-16, 109-25, 177-86. London, 1881. For his detailed account of castles, see No. 426. §24] Local History 115 820. Collectanea topographica et genealogica [ed. J. G. Nichols]. 8 vols. London, 1834-43. Contains many charters and other records. 821. DiTCHFiELD, P. H. The Story of our English towns. London, 1897. 2nd edition, 1897. An inaccurate popular account. 822. DoREN, Alfred. Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der Kaufmannsgilden des Mittelalters. Leipsic, 1893. §13. Die Gilden in England. A good short account. 823. Freeman, E. A. English towns and districts. London, 18S3. Contains essays on Carlisle, Exeter, Lincoln, and other towns, the origin of shires, etc. 824. Gross, Charles. The gild merchant : a contribution to British municipal history. 2 vols. Oxford, 1890. Vol. ii. contains many records concerning the municipal history of particular towns. 825. *Hegel, Karl. Stadte und Gilden der germanischen Volker im Mittelalter. 2 vols. Leipsic, 1891. England, i. 13- 120, 441-57- Hegel proves that the municipal constitution was not derived from gilds. 826. Historic towns, ed. E. A. Freeman and William Hunt. 9 vols. London, 1887-93. Bristol, by William Hunt, 1887. Carlisle, by Mandell Creighton, 1889. Cinque Ports, by M. Burrows, 1888. London, by W. J. Loftie, 1887. Oxford, by C. W. Boase, 1887. Winchester, by G. W. Kitchin, 1890. York, by James Raine, 1893. Colchester, by E. L. Cutts, 1888. Exeter, by E. A. Freeman, 1887. The object of the series is to emphasise the general historic position of each town ; httle attention is devoted to municipal institutions. 827. Lambert, J. M. Two thousand years of gild life. Hull, etc., 1 89 1. The greater and more valuable part of this book relates to the gilds of Hull. 828. List of sheriffs for England and Wales, from the earliest times to 1831 : Public record office. Lists and indexes, no. ix. Rolls Series. London, 1898. Valuable. I 2 ii6 General Authorities: Modern Writers [parti 829. Mackenzie, J. D. The castles of England, their story and structure. 2 vols. London, 1897. 830. *Madox, Thomas. Firma burgi, or an historical essay con- cerning the cities and boroughs of England. London, 1726. Contains many extracts from the pipe rolls and other public records, mainly of the 13th and 14th centuries. 831. *Maitland, F. W. Township and borough. Cambridge, 1898. Throws much light 6n the transition from rural to urban life among the towns- men and on the evolution of corporate unity in boroughs. The same writer has made valuable contributions to municipal history in his History of English Law and his Domesday Book (Nos. 657, 1493). 832. *Merewether, H. a., and Stephens, A. J. The history of the boroughs and municipal corporations of the United Kingdom. 3 vols. London, 1835. The material in this work is valuable, but many of the general conclusions are untenable. 833. Page, William. Some remarks on the Northumbrian palatinates and regalities. Soc. of Atitiq. of London, Archseologia, li. 143-55. London, 1888. Tries to show that the regalian rights enjoyed within the palatinates of Durham and Lancaster, the honours of Richmond, Iloldemess, Hexham, etc., had their origin in the regality of the ancient kingdom and earldom of North- umbria. 834. Pollock, Frederick. Oxford lectures. London, etc., 1890. Ch. V. The English manor. 835. Popular county histories. 14 vols. London, 1885-99. Berkshire, by C. C. King, 1887. I Norfolk, by Walter Rye, 1885. Cambridgeshire, by Edward Cony- beare, 1897. Cumberland, by R. S. Ferguson, 1890. Derbyshire, by John Pendleton, 1886. Devon, by R. N. Worth, 1886. Hampshire, by T. W. Shore, 1892. Lancashire, by Henry Fishwick, 1894. Few of these volumes exhibit any original research ; one of the best is Ferguson's Cumberland. Northumberland, by C. J. Bates, 1895. Nottinghamshire, by C. Brown, 1891. Oxfordshire, by J. M. Falkner, 1899. Suffolk, by J. J. Raven, 1895. Warwickshire, by S. Timmins, 1889. Westmoreland, by R. S. Ferguson, 1894. §24] Local History 117 836. *Report (First) of the commissioners appointed to inquire into the municipal corporations in England and Wales. Pari. Papers^ i83S> vols, xxiii.-xxvi. 4 vols. [London], 1835. — Index, ibid., 1839, vol. xviii. Second report (London and South- Report on the mvinicipal corporations wark), ibid., 1837, vol. xxv. in Ireland, ibid., 1835, vols, xxvii.- Reports upon certain boroughs, ibid., i xxviii. ; 1836, vol. xxiv. 1837-38, vol. XXXV. \ These various reports contain many interesting details concerning most of the towns of England, Ireland, and Wales. 837. Seligman, E. R. a. Two chapters on the medieval gilds of England. [Baltimore], 1887. Deals with merchant and craft gilds. 838. Thompson, James. An essay on English municipal history. London, 1867. 839. Victoria history of the counties of England. London : Archibald Constable & Co. In preparation. From two to eight volumes will be devoted to each county. 840. Walford, Cornelius. Gilds : their origin, constitution, objects, and later history. London, 1888. Exhibits no research. b. PARTICULAR COUNTIES, BOROUGHS, MANORS, ETC. Bedfordshire. 841. Blyth, T. a. The history of Bedford. London, etc., [1873]. 842. CoBBE, Henry. Luton church, historical and descriptive. London, etc., 1899. Berkshire. 843. Coaxes, Charles. The history and antiquities of Reading. London, 1802. — Supplement, 18 10. 844. *Hedges, J. K. The history of Wallingford. 2 vols. London, 1881. 845. Kerry, Charles. History and antiquities of the hundred of Bray. London, 1861. Deals with manorial history. ii8 General Authorities: Modern Writers [paet i 846. Kerry, Charles. History of the municipal church of Reading. Reading, etc., 1883. 847. Lyon, William. Chronicles of Finchampstead. London, 1895. Deals with manorial historj-. 848. Money, Walter. History of the borough of Newbury. Oxford, etc., 1887. 849. TiGHE, R. R., and Davis, J. E. Annals of Windsor : a history of the castle and town. 2 vols. London, 1858. Valuable. Buckinghamshire. See Nos. 68, 1058. 850. Lipscomb, George. The history and antiquities of the county of Buckingham. 4 vols. London, 1847. 851. Parker, John. The early history and antiquities of Wycombe. Wycombe, 1878. Valuable. Cambridgeshire. For the university of Cambridge, see also § 71. 852. Atkinson, T. D., and Clark, J. W. Cambridge described : a short history of the town and university. London, etc., 1897. 853. Bentham, James. The history and antiquities of the cathedral church of Ely. 2 vols. Cambridge, 177 1. 2nd edition, I vol., Norwich, 18 12. — Supplement, by William Stevenson, Nor- wich, 18 1 7. 854. Cooper, C. H. Annals of [the borough of] Cambridge. 5 vols. Cambridge, i842-[53]. Valuable. Maitland (No, 83 1 ) also throws much light on the history of this borough. 855. Maitland, F. W. The history of a Cambridgeshire manor [Wilburton]. English Hist. Review, ix. 417-39. London, 1894. Valuable. §24] Local History 119 856. [Nichols, John.] The history and antiquities of Barn- well abbey and of Sturbridge fair [with an appendix of records], in his BibUotheca Topographica Britannica (No. 816), vol. v., no. 38. London, 1786. 857. Stubbs, C. W. Historical memorials of Ely cathedral. London, 1897. 858. Warner, R. H. The history of Thorney abbey. Wisbech, etc., 1879. Cheshire. 859. Ormerod, George. The history of the county palatine and city of Chester. 3 vols. London, 1819. — 2nd edition, by Thomas Helsby, [i875]-82. 860. Earwaker, J. P. East Cheshire, or a history of the hun- dred of Macclesfield. 2 vols. London, 1877-80. 861. Fenwick, G. L. a history of the city of Chester. Chester, etc., 1896. 862. Heginbotham, Henry. Stockport, ancient and modern. 2 vols. London, 1882 [i877]-92. Valuable. 863. List of officers of the palatinate of Chester, in the counties of Chester and FUnt, and north Wales. Deputy Keeper's Reports, xxxi. 169-261. London, 1870. 864. *MoRRis, R. H. Chester in the Plantagenet and Tudor periods. [Chester, 1893.] The best history of Chester ; contains copious extracts from the town records. Cornwall, See No. 69. 865. Allen, John. History of the borough of Liskeard. London, etc., 1856. 866. *Maclean, John. The parochial and family history of the deanery of Trigg Minor. 3 vols. London, etc., 1873 [i868]-79. 867. Peter, Richard, and Peter, O. B. The histories of Launceston and Dunheved. Plymouth, 1885. 120 General Authorities: Modern Writers [pabt i Cumberland. 868. Ferguson, R. S. A history of Cumberland. London, 1890. Chs. ii.-vi. Roman period. | Ch. xiii. City of Carlisle. 869. NicoLSON, Joseph, and Burn, Richard. The history and antiquities of Westmoreland and Cumberland. 2 vols. London, 1777. The appendix contains charters granted to towns, priories, etc. 870. GiLBANKS, G. E. Some records of a Cistercian abbey, Holm Cultram. London, [1899]. Derbyshire. 871. Yeatman, J. P. The feudal history of the county of Derby. 3 vols, in 5 pts. London, etc., [i886]-95. Contains translations of extracts from Domesday, the pipe rolls, the Red Book of the Exchequer, Testa de Nevill, Kirkby's Quest, scutages, aids, the subsidy roll of I Edward III., charters, hundred rolls, assize roll of Peak forest (36 Henry III.), etc. 872. Addv, S. O. Historical memorials of Beauchief abbey. Oxford, etc., 1878. Visitations of the abbey, 1278-1501, pp. 73-I14. 873. Cox, J. C, and Hope, W. H. St. John. The chronicles of the collegiate church of All Saints, Derby. London, etc., 1881. Contains valuable transcripts from churchwardens' accounts, 1465-1527, pp. 157-73- 874. Kerry, Charles. A history of Peak forest. Derbysh. ArchceoL and Nat. Hist. Soc, Journal, xv. 67-98. London, etc., 1893. 875. Pegge, Samuel. An historical account of Beauchief abbey. London, 1801. Consists mainly of an abstract of its chartulary. 876. Ussher, Richard. An historical sketch of the parish of Croxall [with an appendix of charters, etc.]. London, 1881. § 24] Local History 121 Devonshire. See No. 70. 877. Dymond, Robert. The history of the parish of St. Petrock, Exeter. Devon. Assoc, for Advancement of Science, etc.. Trans., xiv. 402-92. Plymouth, 1882. Contains extracts from the churchwardens' accounts, 1425- 1 692. 878. Gribble, J. B. Memorials of Barnstaple. Barnstaple, 1830. 879. Moore, S. A. A short history of the rights of common upon the forest of Dartmoor and the commons of Devon. Report of S. A. Moore to the committee, and [an] appendix of documents. Dartmoor Preservation Assoc. Plymouth, 1890. Vakiable. 880. Oliver, George. History of Exeter. Exeter, 182 1. — [New edition, by E. Smirke], 1861. — Index, by J. S. Attwood, 1884. 881. . Lives of the bishops of Exeter, and a history of the cathedral [with a valuable appendix, containing fabric rolls, charters, etc.]. Exeter, 1861. — Index, by J. S. Attwood, 1887. 882. Reynolds, H. [E.] A short history of the ancient diocese of Exeter. Exeter, 1895. 883. *Rowe, J. B. Contributions to a history of the Cistercian houses of Devon. Plymouth, 1878. Contains many extracts from the puV;lic records. 884. Rowe, Samuel. A perambulation of the forest of Dart- moor. Plymouth, [1848]. 3rd edition, Exeter, 1896. Ch. xiii. Historical documents. Valuable. 885. Worth, R. N. History of Plymouth. Plymouth, 187 1 Other editions, 1873, 1890. 122 General Authorities: Modern Writers [parti Dorset. See No. 71. 886. HuTCHiNS, John. The history and antiquities of the county of Dorset. 2 vols. London, 1 774. — 3rd edition, by William Shipp and J. W. Hodson, 4 vols., Westminster, 1861-73. Valuable. 887. Bond, Thomas. History and description of Corfe Castle. London, etc., 1883. 888. [Smart, T. W, W.] Chronicle of Cranborne : an account of the town, lordship, and chase. London, etc., 1841. Contains many extracts from records. 889. Sydenham, John. The history of the town and county of Poole. Poole, etc., 1839. 890. Watson, E. W. Ashmore : a history of the parish. Gloucester, 1890. 891. West, William. A history of Cranborne chase. Gilling- ham, 181 6. Durham. For the history of the palatinate, see also Nos. 833, 2346. 892. Hutchinson, William. The history and antiquities of the county palatine of Durham. 3 vols. Newcastle, 1785-94. His account of the bishops of Durham is particularly valuable. 893. *Lapslev, G. T. The county palatine of Durham : a study in constitutional history. New York, etc., 1900. 894. Surtees, Robert. The history and antiquities of the county palatine of Durham. 4 vols. London, 1816-40. 895. Raine, James. A brief historical account of the episcopal castle, or palace, of Auckland. Durham, 1852. 896. * . The history and antiquities of north Durham. London, 1852. Contains copious extracts from account rolls and inventories relating to the religious houses of Holy Island and Fame, and to the parish and castle of § 24] Local History 123 Norham, There is an elaborate appendix of 1404 documents, mainly charters concerning the priories of Coldingham, Holy Island, Fame, etc. 897. Sharp, Cuthbert. History of Hartlepool : a reprint of the original work published in 18 16, with a supplemental history to 185 1. Hartlepool, 1851. Essex. 898. MoRANT, Philip. The history and antiquities of the county of Essex. 2 vols. London, 1768; reprinted, Chelmsford, 1816. 899. Cromwell, Thomas. History and description of the borough of Colchester. 2 vols. London, etc., 1825. 900. *FiSHER, W. R. The forest of Essex : its history, laws, administration, and ancient customs. London, etc., 1887. Perambulation of 1301, pp. 393-9. Fisher's book is supplemented by J. H. Round's essay on the same subject, in Journal of the British Archaeological Asso- ciation, new series, 1897, iii. 36-42. 901. [GouGH, Richard.] The history and antiquities of Fleshy. London, 1803. Statutes of the gild of All Saints in the church of Morton, 1473, pp. 1 13-32- 902. [Griffin], Richard, Lord Braybrooke. History of Audley End and Saffron Walden. London, 1836. Extracts from churchwardens' accounts of Walden, 1439-85, pp. 219-27. 902 a. Hall (The) of Lawford hall. London, 1891. Deals with manorial history. 903. *History of Colchester castle. [By J. H. Round?] Colchester, 1882. Gloucestershire. See No. 72. 904. Atkyns, Robert. The ancient and present state of Gloucestershire. London, 1712. 2nd edition, 1768. 905. Fosbroke, T. D. Abstracts of records and manuscripts respecting the county of Gloucester. [Half-title : History of Gloucestershire.] 2 vols. Gloucester, etc., 1807. 124 General Authorities: Modern Writers [part i 906. [Rudder, Samuel.] A new history of Gloucestershire. Cirencester, 1779. 907. Bartlett, S. E. The manor and borough of Chipping Campden. Bristol and Glouc. Archceol. Soc, Trans., ix. 134-95, 354-5- Bristol, [1885]. 908. Bennett, James. The history of Tewkesbury. Tewkes- bury, 1830. Abridged edition, 1835. 909. Braine, a. The history of Kingswood forest. London, etc., 1891. 910. *Ellacombe, H. T. The history of the parish of Bitton. 2 pts. Exeter, 1881-83. Contains court rolls, wills, inquests post mortem, etc. 911. Fosbroke, T. D. An original history of the city of Gloucester. London, 18 19. 912. Fuller, E. A. Cirencester : the manor and the town. Bristol and Glouc. ArchceoL Soc, Trans., ix. 298-344. Bristol, [1885]. For other interesting papers by the same writer, on the gild merchant and customary tenants in Cirencester, see ibid., ii. 285-319 ; xviii. 32-74, 175-6 ; xx. 1 14-26. 913. NiCHOLLS, H. G. The forest of Dean. London, 1858. Meagre for the medieval period, 914. NiCHOLLS, J. F., and Taylor, John. Bristol, past and present. 3 vols. Bristol, 1881-82. 915. Sever, Samuel. Memoirs, historical and topographical, of Bristol. 2 vols. Bristol, 1821-23. The best history of Bristol. 916. Smyth, John. The Berkeley MSS. Vol. iii. : A descrip- tion of the hundred of Berkeley, ed. John Maclean. Bristol and Glouc. Archceol. Soc. Gloucester, 1885. Contains a valuable account of manorial history. 917. Weare, G. E. Collectanea relating to the Bristol friars minors. Bristol, 1893. § 24] Local History 125 Hampshire. See No. 73. 918. Woodward, B. B., Wilks, T. C, and Lockhart, Charles. A general history of Hampshire, including the isle of Wight. 3 vols. London, [1861-69]. 919. Allen, Lake. The history of Portsmouth. London, 1817. 920. *Baigent, F. J., and Millard, J. E. A history of the town and manor of Basingstoke. Basingstoke, etc., 1889. Selections from the court rolls, 1 390- 1 588, pp. 247-356. 921. *Davies, J. S. A history of Southampton. Southampton, etc., 1883. 922. De Crespigny, R. C, and Hutchinson, Horace. The New Forest. London, 1895. 923. Hartshorns, C. H. On the history and architecture of Porchester castle. Royal Archcso/. Institute of Great Britain, Proceedings at Winchester, 1845, pp. 17-43. London, 1846. 924. Hervey, Thomas. A history of the united parishes of Colmer and Priors Dean. Colmer, 1880. Deals with manorial history. 925. Milner, John. The history and survey of the antiquities of Winchester. Winchester, [1798]; appendix, 1801. 3rd edition, 2 vols., [1839]. 926. *Stevens, Joseph. Parochial history of St. Mary Bourne, with an account of the manor of Hurstbourne Priors. London, 1888. 927. Wise, J. R. The New Forest : its history and scenery. London, 1863 [1862]. 5th edition 1895. The author shows that the chroniclers i;reatly exaggerate the extent of the desolation wrought by William the Conqueror in the construction of the New Forest. For the history of this forest, see also No. 681. 126 General Authorities: Modern Writers [paht i Herefordshire. See No. 74. 928. DuNCUMB, John. Collections towards the history and antiquities of the county of Hereford. [Vol. iii. by W. H. Cooke.] 3 vols. Hereford, etc., 1804-82. — Continuation, by W. H. Cooke : Hundred of Grimsworth. London, 1892. — Continuation, by M. G. Watkins : Hundred of Huntington. Hereford, 1897. 929. *JoHNSON, Richard. The ancient customs of the city of Hereford, with translations of charters ; also some account of the trades of the city. London, 1868. 2nd edition, 1882. 930. [Rawlinson, Richard.] The history of the cathedral church of Hereford. London, 17 17. The appendix contains seventy-one Latin charters. Hertfordshire. 931. Clutterbuck, Robert. The history and antiquities of the county of Hertford. 3 vols. London, 1815-27. The appendixes of vols, ii.-iii. contain a survey of the borough of Hertford, 5 Edward III. , and surveys of the manors of Hatfield, Stevenage, Totteridge, Little Hadham, and Kelshall, made in 1277. 932. Cussans, J. E. History of Hertfordshire. 3 vols. London, etc., 1870-81. 933. Froude, J. A. Short studies. 3rd series. London, 1877. Annals of an English abbey (St. Albans), I-89. 934. Newcome, Peter. The history of the abbey of St. Alban. London, 1793; reprinted, 1795. H untingdonshire. See No. 75. 935. GoRHAM, G. C. The history and antiquities of Eynesbury and St. Neots. 2 vols. London, 1824. — Supplement, 1824. The supplement contains an abstract of two chartularies of the priory of St. Neot ; and vol. ii. contains extracts from these chartularies, together with various other records. § 24] Local History 127 936. *Neilson, Nellie. Economic conditions of the manors of Ramsey abbey. [Philadelphia], 1898. Compotus roll of the banlieu of Ram- sey, 1 312, app. 119-20. Compotus rolls of Wistowe, Hunts 1297, app. I-103. Rental of Wistowe, 1381, app. 104-16- Miss Neilson believes that from about A.D. 11 50 to 1250 there was an increase of villein obligations on the Ramsey manors. 937. Wise, John, and Noble, W. M. Ramsey abbey, its rise and fall. Huntingdon, etc., [1881]. Ireland : General. See Nos. 361, 726, 730, 836, 1235, 3200. 938. Gilbert, J. T. History of the viceroys of Ireland. Dublin, etc., 1865. 939. *JoYCE, P. W. Ashorthistoryof Ireland to 1608. London, etc., 1893. 5th edition, 1896. 940. O'Grady, Standish. The last kings of Ireland. English Hist. Review, iv. 286-303. London, 1889. 941. RiCHEY, A. G. A short history of the Irish people, ed. R. R. Kane. Dublin, etc., 1887. This is a new edition of his Lectures on the History of Ireland, 2 vols. , Dublin, 1869-70. 942. ZiMMER, Heinrich. Die Bedeutungdes irischen Elements fiir die mittelalterliche Cultur. Frei/ssische Jahrbiicher,\\x. 27-59. Berlin 1887. — Translated by J. L. Edmands : The Irish element in medieval culture. New York, etc., 1891. See also J. von Pflugk-Harttung, The Old Irish on the Continent, Royal Hist. Soc, Trans., 1891, v. 75-102. Ireland : The Church. See §§ 47 b, 70. 943. Archdall, Mervyn. Monasticon Hibernicum. Dublin, 1786. — Another edition, by P. F. Moran, 2 vols., 1873-76. 944. Bellesheim, Alphons. Geschichtederkatholischen Kirche in Irland. 3 vols. Mainz, 1890-91. Valuable. 128 General Authorities: Modern Writers [parti 945. Burke, O. J. The history of the archbishops of Tuam. Dublin, 1882. 946. Cotton, Henry. Fasti ecclesi® Hibernicae : the succession of the prelates and members of the cathedral bodies of Ireland. 5 vols. Dublin, 1847 [i845]-6o ; 2nd edition of vol. i., 185 1. — Supplement, 1878. 947. D' Alton, John. The memoirs of the archbishops of Dublin. Dublin, 1838. 948. Hartry, Malachy. Triumphalia chronologica monasterii S. Crucis [co. Tipperary]. De Cisterciensium Hibernorum viris illustribus. Edited, with a translation, by Denis Murphy. Dublin, 1895. Both works are in Latin ; the first was written in 1640, the second in 1649. 949. Heron, James. The Celtic church in Ireland : the story of Irish Christianity to the Reformation. London, 1898. A good popular account, devoted mainly to the early Irish church. 950. Killen, W. D. The ecclesiastical history of Ireland. 2 vols. London, 1875. Valuable. 951. Lanigan, John. An ecclesiastical history of Ireland, to the beginning of the thirteenth century. 4 vols. Dublin, 1822. 2nd edition, 1829. Valuable. 952. Mason, W. M. History and antiquities of the cathedral church of St. Patrick near Dublin, 1190-1819. Dublin, 1820. 953. Olden, Thomas. The church of Ireland. London, 1892. 954. Ware, James. De prsesulibus Hiberniae commentarius. Dublin, 1665. — Translated by Walter Harris, History of the bishops of Ireland, in Whole Works of James Ware, vol. i. Dublin, 1739; reprinted, 1764. The best general work on Irish bishops. Ireland : Counties, Boroughs, etc. 955. D'Alton, John. History of the county of Dublin. Dublin, 1838. 956. . The history of Drogheda. 2 vols. Dublin, 1844. § 24] Local History 129 957. *Gale, Peter. An inquiry into the ancient corporate system of Ireland. London, etc., 1834. A general sketch of Irish municipal history, with a valuable appendix of charters and other documents. 958. Gibson, C. B. The history of the county and city of Cork. 2 vols. London, 1861. 959. Gilbert, J. T. A history of the city of Dublin. 3 vols. Dublin, etc., 1854-59. 960. Haliday, Charles. The Scandinavian kingdom of Dublin, ed. J. P. Prendergast. Dublin, etc., 1881. 2nd edition, 1884. 961. Hardiman, James. The history of the town of Galway. DubHn, 1820. 962. Lenihan, Maurice. Limerick : its history and antiquities. Dublin, 1866. 963. S.AiiTH, Charles. The ancient and present state of the county and city of Cork. 2 vols. Dublin, 1750; 2nd edition, 1774. — Reprinted as a supplement to the Journal of the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society. Cork, 1893-94. 964. . The ancient and present state of the county and city of Waterford. Dublin, 1746. 2nd edition, 1774. A brief account. 965. Stuart, James. Historical memoirs of the city of Armagh. Newry, etc., 1819. Kent. See No. 76, bibliography ; § 22, tenures of land. 966. Furley, Robert. A history of the Weald of Kent, with an outline of the early history of the county. 2 vols, in 3 pts. Ash- ford, etc., 1871-74. Vol. ii. ch. ii. contains extracts from the assize rolls of 25 and 39 Henry III. 967. Hasted, Edward. The history and topographical survey of Kent. 4 vols. Canterbury, 1778-99; 2nd edition, 12 vols., 1797-1801. — New edition, by H. H. Drake, pt. i., 1886. I30 General Authorities: Modern Writers [parti 968. *BoYS, William. Collections for an history of Sandwich, with notices of the other Cinque Ports. Canterbury, 1792. Contains the customal of Sandwich. 969. DuNCOMBE, John. The history and antiquities of Reculver and Heme, in Bibliotheca Topographica Britannica (No. 816), vol. i. no. xviii. London, 1784. — Appendix, ibid., vol i. no. xlv., 1787. 970. Buncombe, John, and Battely, Nicholas. The history and antiquities of the three episcopal hospitals at and near Canter- bury : viz. St. Nicholas, at Harbledown ; St. John's, Northgate ; and St. Thomas, of Eastbridge. Ibid., vol. i. no. xxx. London, 1785. 971. Frampton, T. S. a glance at the hundred of Wrotham. Maidstone, etc., 1881. pp. 99. This little book consists mainly of extracts from the assize rolls, 1293-1313. 972. Fuller, M. [J.] The throne of Canterbury, or the arch- bishop's jurisdiction. London, etc., 1891. Ch. vii. Historical survey. On this subject, see also No. 803 a. 973. Hasted, Edward. The history of Canterbury, civil and ecclesiastical. Canterbury, 1799. 2nd edition, 2 vols, 1801. 974. *HooK, W. F. Lives of the archbishops of Canterbury. 12 vols. London, 1860-76. 975. Jacob, Edward. The history of the town and port of Faversham. London, 1774. 976. *Lyon, John. The history of the town and port of Dover, and of Dover castle ; with a short account of the Cinque Ports. 2 vols. Dover, 18 13-14. Vol. i., pp. 246-366, deals mainly with the institutions of the Cinque Ports ; vol. ii. contains an English version of the customals of Dover, Romney, Rye, Sandwich, and Winchelsea. 977. Martin, C. W. The history of Leeds castle. Westminster, 1869 The appendix contains records. 978. Somner, William. The antiquities of Canterbury. Can- terbury, 1640. 2nd edition, 2 pts., 1703. The most elaborate history of Canterbury. §24] Local History 131 979, Stanley, A. P. Historical memorials of Canterbury. London, 1855. loth edition, 1883. Ch. i. Landing of Augustine. Ch. ii. Murder of Becket. Ch. iii. The Black Prince. Ch. iv. The shrine of Becket. 980. Wadmore, J. F. The knight hospitallers in Kent. Ke7it Archceol. Soc, Arch?eologia Cantiana, xxii. 232-74. London, 1897. 980 a. Webb, E. A., Miller, G. W., and Beckwith, J. History of Chislehurst. London, 1899. 981. *WooDRUFF, C. E. A history of the town and port of Fordwich, with a transcription of the custumal. Canterbury, [1895]. Lancashire. See No. 77. 982. Baines, Edward. The history of the county palatine and duchy of Lancaster. New edition, by James Croston. 5 vols. Manchester, etc., 1888 [i886]-93. Earher editions : 2 vols., 1824 ; 4 vols., 1836; 2 vols., 1868-70. 983. Abram, W. a. Preston guild merchant, 1882 : memorials of the Preston guilds. Preston, 1S82. 984. *Beck, T. a. Annales Furnesienses : history and anti- quities of the abbey of Furness. London, etc., 1844. App. Table of contents of the char- tulary, and other records. Ch. ii. The Cistercian monks. Ch. iii. History of the abbey. 985. FiSHWiCK, Henry. The history of the parish of Rochdale. Rochdale, etc., 1889. Ch. XV. contains extracts from the manorial court rolls, 1335-36, 1566- 1624 986. Glover, William. History of Ashton-under-Lyne, ed. John Andrew. Ashton-under-Lyne, 1884. 987. Hardwick, Charles. History of the borough of Preston. Preston, etc., 1857. 988. Hewitson, Anthony. History of Preston. Preston, 1883. 989. Hibbert-Ware, Samuel. The ancient parish church of Manchester, and why it was collegiated. Manchester, 1848. Deals also with the early manorial and municipal history of Manchester. K 2 132 General Authorities: Modern Writers [parti 990. Newbigging, Thomas. History of the forest of Rossendale. London, 1868. 2nd edition, Rawtenstall, 1893. 991. PiCTON, J. A. Memorials of Liverpool. 2 vols. London, etc., 1873. 2nd edition, 1875. Valuable. 992. Reilly, John. The history of Manchester. Vol. i. Manchester, etc., 1861. 993. Simpson, Robert. The history and antiquities of the town of Lancaster. Lancaster, 1852. 994. Sinclair, David. The history of Wigan. 2 vols. Wigan, i882-[83]. Valuable. 995. Whitaker, T. D. The history of the parish of Whalley and the honour of Clitheroe. Blackburn, 1801. 4th edition, 2 vols., London, 1872-76. Vol. i. contains many records relating to the abbey of Whalley. Leicestershire. 996. *NiCHOLS, John. The history and antiquities of the county of Leicester. 4 vols. London, 1795-1815. The following are some of the many records printed in this work : — Rental, etc., of Leicester abbey, vol. i. app- 53-108. Lists of knights' fees, vol. i. pp. ciii.- cxxxvi. Charters, etc., of Belvoir priory, ii. Documents relating to Croxton abbey, ii. app. 77-107. Chartulary of the honour of Segrave (extracts), ii. app. lo8-20. Chartulary of Garendon abbey (ex- app. 2-39. I tracts), ii. app. 133-8, See also his Antiquities in Leicestershire, etc., in his Bibliotheca Topographica Britannica (No. 816), London, 1790, vols, vii.-viii. 997. *Thompson, James. The history of Leicester, to the end of the seventeenth century. Leicester, etc., 1849. Lincolnshire. 998. English, H. S. Crowland and Burgh : a light on the historians and on the history of Crowland abbey and the monastery at Peterborough, to 1 193. 3 vols. London, 1871. §24] Local History 133 999. [GouGH, Richard.] History and antiquities of Croyland abbey, in Bibliotheca Topographica Britannica (No. 816), vol. iii. no. xi. London, 1783. The appendix contains many charters, extracts from the abbey register, etc. 1000. Macdonald, G. W. Historical notices of the parish of Holbeach. King's Lynn, 1890. 1001. Massingberd, W. O. History of the parish of Ormsby- cum-Ketsey. Lincoln, [1893]. Court rolls of the manor of Ormsby, 1410-1832, pp. 244-83. The work also contains a translation of many charters, etc. 1002. Thompson, Pishey. The history and antiquities of Boston. Boston, etc., 1856. London and Middlesex. 1003. Bayley, John. The history and antiquities of the Tower of London. 2 pts. London, 1821-25. 2nd edition, 1830. The record tower, 212-57. A valuable book. 1004. Brayley, E. W. The history of the abbey church of St. Peter, Westminster. Illustrated by J. P. Neale. 2 vols. London, 1818-23. 1005. City of London livery companies' commission. Report and appendix. Pari. Papers, 1884, vol. xxxix. 5 pts. London, 1884. See also the report of 1837 (No. 836). 1006. [Ducarel, a. C] History of the royal hospital and collegiate church of St. Katharine near the Tower of London, in Bibliotheca Topographica Britannica (No. 816), vol. ii. no. v. London, 1782. 1007. DuGDALE, William. The history of St. Paul's cathedral. London, 1658. —The same, with additions, by Henry Ellis, 1818. The body of the work is mainly descriptive ; the appendix contains valuable documents. 1008. Hazlitt, W. C. The livery companies of the city of London : their origin, etc. London, etc., 1892. Valuable, though displaying little research. 1 34 General Authorities : Modern Writers [part i 1009. Herbert, William. The history of the twelve great Hvery companies of London. 2 vols. London, 1836-37. The best general history of the great companies. 1010. LoFTiE, W. J. A history of London. 2 vols. London, 1883. — Supplement, 1884. — 2nd edition, 2 vols., 1884. 1011. Maitland, William. The history of London. London, 1739. Other editions, 2 vols., 1756, 1760, 1769, 1772, 1775. 1012. MiLMAN, H. H. Annals of St. Paul's cathedral. London, 1868. 2nd edition, 1869. 1013. Newcourt, Richard. Repertorium ecclesiasticum parochiale Londinense : history of the diocese of London, the parish churches, etc. 2 vols. London, 1708-10. George Hennessy's Novum Repertorium Parochiale Londinense, London, 1898, is virtually a new edition and a continuation of Newcourt's work. 1014. NoORTHOUCK, John. A new history of London, includ- ing Westminster and Southwark. London, 1773. The appendix contains a translation of the charters of London, etc. 1015. *NoRTON, George. Commentaries on the history, con- stitution, and chartered franchises of the city of London. London, 1829. 3rd edition, 1869. The best constitutional history of the city. 1016. *PuLLiNG, Alexander. The laws, customs, usages, and regulations of the city and port of London. 2nd edition. London, [1854]. — Earlier editions : A practical treatise on the laws, customs, etc., 1842, 1849. The edition of 1849, like that of 1854, is called the second. 1017. Robinson, William. The history and antiquities of the parish of Tottenham. London, 1818. 2nd edition, 2 vols., 1840. Contains extracts from manorial records. 1018. *RouND, J. H. The commune of London and other studies. Westminster, 1899. Ch. i. Settlement of the Saxons. Ch. ix. Coronation of Richard I. Ch. iii. Anglo-Norman warfare. Ch. iv. Origin of the exchequer. Ch. V. London under Stephen. Ch. vi. The inquest of sheriffs. Chs. vii.-viii. The conquest of Ireland See also Round's Geoffrey de Mandeville (No. 2828). Ch. X. King John and Longchamp. Ch. xi. The commune of London. Ch. xiv. Bannockburn. Ch. XV. The marshalship of England. § 24] Local History 135 1019. Sharpe, R. R. London and the kingdom. 3 vols. London, 1894-95. 1020. Simpson, W. S. Chapters in the history of old St. Paul's. London, 1881. 1021. . Gleanings from old St. Paul's. London, 1889. 1022. . St. Paul's cathedral and old city life, from the thir- teenth to the sixteenth centuries. London, 1894. 1023. Stanhope, Walter. Monastic London, 1 200-1 600. London, 1887. A brief account, of little value. 1024. Stanley, A. P. Historical memorials of Westminster abbey. London, 1868. 5th edition, 1882. Ch. i. Foundation of the abbey. Ch. ii. The coronations. Ch. iii. The abbey before the Refor- mation. 1025. Stow, John. A survey of the cities of London and West- minster and the borough of Southwark. 6th edition. 2 vols. London, 1754-55. Other editions, 1598, 1603, 1618, 1633, 1720, 1842, 1890. Norfolk. See No. 78 1026. Bloisiefield, Francis. An essay towards a topographical history of the county of Norfolk. 5 vols. Fersfield, etc., 1739-75. Another edition, 11 vols., London, 1805-10. — Index nominum, by J. N. Chadwick, King's Lynn, 1862. 1027. Carthew, G. a. The hundred of Launditch and deanery of Brisley : evidences and notes from public records, etc. 3 pts. Norwich, 1877-79. Contains the following and many other records illustrating manorial and family history : charters of Castle Acre priory, Wissingsete, and North Elmham, i. 117-34, 253-75, 285-97; inquests post mortem, etc., relating to Gressenhall, i. 201-21. A valuable collection of materials, marred by many errors of tran- scription. 1028. Crabbe, George. Some materials for a history of Thompson. Norwich, 1892. Deals with manorial history. 136 General Authorities: Modern Writers [past i 1029. Harrod, Henry. Gleanings among the castles and con- vents of Norfolk. Norwich, 1857. Binham priory, 198-210. Black friars, Norwich, 71-96. Bromholm priory, 220-32. Buckenham priory, 211-19. Castle Acre castle, 97-106. Castle Acre priory, 107-24. Norwich castle, 125-54. Norwich cathedral priory, 233-342. Rising castle, 25-70. Thetford priory, 1-24. Walsingham priory, 155-97- 1030. *HuDSON, William. Traces of the early development of municipal organisation in the city of Norwich. Royal ArchcBlogical Institute of Great Britain^ Archaeol. Journal, xlvi. 293-330. London, 1S89. Other valuable works by the same writer : — History of the parish of St. Peter Per- mountergate, Norwich, pt. i. , Nor- wich, 1889. The wards of the city of Norwich, their origin and history, London, 1 89 1. How the city of Norwich grew into shape, Norwich, 1896. 1031. KiRKPATRiCK, John. History of the religious orders, hospitals, and castles of Norwich. London, etc., 1845. 1032. Le Strange, Hamon. Norfolk official Hsts [of sheriffs, members of parliament, diocesan and borough officers, etc.]. Norwich, 1890. Similar but less complete lists, by W. C. Ewing, were issued anonymously in 1837. 1033. Palmer, C. J. The history of Great Yarmouth. Great Yarmouth, etc., 1856. Valuable. See also his Perlustration of Great Yarmouth, 3 vols. , Great Yar- mouth, 1872-75. 1034. Richards, William. The history of Lynn. 2 vols. Lynn, 181 2. Devotes much attention to gilds. 1035. Rye, Walter. Carrow abbey, its foundation, etc. ; with appendices [containing charters, extracts from wills, etc.]. Norwich, 1889. 1036. *SwiNDEN, Henry. The history and antiquities of Great Yarmouth. Norwich, 1772. The best history of Yarmouth ; contains town charters, ordinances, and other records. § 24] Local History 137 1037. Taylor, Richard. Index monasticus, or the abbeys, friaries, hospitals, etc., in the diocese of Norwich [Norfolk and Suffolk], briefly described. London, etc., 182 1. Northamptonshire. See No. 79. 1038. Baker, George. The history and antiquities of the county of Northampton. 2 vols. London, 1822-41. 1039. GuNTON, Simon. The history of the church of Peter- borough [with an appendix of charters]. London, 1686. See No. 998. 1040. Hartshorne, C. H. Historical memorials of North- ampton. Northampton, etc., 1848. A valuable little book. Northumberland. 1041. *A history of Northumberland. Issued under the direction of the Northumberland county history committee. Vols, i.-v. Newcastle, etc., 1893-99. 1042. *HoDGSON, John. A history of Northumberland, in three parts. [Pt. i. by J. H. Hinde, 1858.] 7 vols. Newcastle, 1820-58. Charters relating to Simonburne parish, ^ Records respecting church institutions, pt. iii. vol. i. pp. I-25. pt. iii. vol. ii. pp. 37-170. Ancient deeds, etc., pt. iii. vol. ii. pp. Pipe rolls, 11 29- 1272, pt. iii. vol. iii. 1-^,6. j^ 1043. Bates, C. J. The border holds of Northumberland. Vol. i. Soc. of Antiq. of Newcastle, Newcastle, 189 1. 1044. *Brand, John. History and antiquities of Newcastle- upon-Tyne. 2 vols. London, 1789. — Index, by William Dodd, Newcastle, 1881. 1045. Gibson, W. S. The history of the monastery of Tyne- mouth. 2 vols. London, 1846-47. Contains a valuable appendix of charters, etc. 1046. Scott, John. Berwick-upon-Tweed : the history of the town and guild. London, 1888. 138 General Authorities: Modern Writers [paht i 1047. Tate, George. The history of the borough, castle, and barony of Alnwick. 2 vols. Alnwick, 1866-69. Nottinghamshire. See No. 80. 1048. Thoroton, Robert. The antiquities of Nottinghamshire. London, 1677 ; 2nd edition, 3 vols., 1790. — With additions by John Throsby, 3 vols., 1797. 1049. Blackner, John. The history of Nottingham. Notting- ham, 1815. 1050. Deering, Charles. Nottinghamia vetus et nova, or an historical account of the town of Nottingham. Nottingham, 1751. 1050 a. Godfrey, J. T. The history of the parish and priory of Lenton. London, etc., 1884. 1051. Rastall, W. D. a history of the antiquities of the town and church of Southwell. London, 1787. Contains statutes of the canons of Southwell, 1248, 1329, etc. Oxfordshire. For the history of the university of Oxford, see § 71. 1052. Blomfield, J. C. History of the deanery of Bicester. 8 pts. London, etc., 1882-94. Accounts of bursars, etc., of Bicester priory, 1296-1481, ii. 136-205. 1053. Burn, J. S. History of Henley-on-Thames. London, etc., 1861. 1054. DuNKiN, John. The history and antiquities of Bicester. London, 1816. The appendix contains a rental of the manor of Bicester, 1325, priory accounts, 1425, etc. 1055. Giles, J. A. History of the town and parish of Bampton. Bampton, 1847. 2nd edition, 1848. The appendix contains charters, inquisitions, etc., 1046-1732. § 24] Local History 139 1056. Jackson, T. G. The church of St. !Mary the Virgin, Oxford. Oxford, 1897. 1057. *JoRD.\Nj John. A parochial history of Enstone. London, 1857. Contains many charters, extracts from court rolls, etc., I4th-i6th centuries. 1058. Kennett, White. Parochial antiquities attempted in the history of Ambrosden, Burcester [Bicester], and other adjacent places in the counties of Oxford and Bucks. Oxford, 1695. New- edition, 2 vols., 181S. Deals mainly with manorial history ; contains many charters. 1058 a. Lee, F. G. History and antiquities of the church of the Virgin Mary of Thame. London, 1883. Extracts from churchwardens' accounts Chartulary of the abbey of Thame (1443-1648), 15-87. (1 3th- 1 6th centuries), 342-79. Valuable. 1059. Little, A. G. The grey friars in Oxford. Oxford Hist. Soc. Oxford, 1892. Ch. iii. Franciscan schools. j App. Original documents. Ch. iv. Books and libraries. I Valuable. 1060. Marshall, Edward. The early history of Woodstock manor and its environs. Oxford, etc., 1873. — Supplement, 1874. 1061. Napier, H. A. Historical notices of the parishes of Swyncombe and Ewelme. Oxford, 1858. 1062. Parker, James. The early history of Oxford, 727-1100. Oxford Hist. Soc. Oxford, 1885. 1063. Pearman, M. T. Historical account of the hundreds of Chiltern. Oxfordsh. Archceol. Soc. Banbury, 1890. pp. 20. Contains extracts from the rolls of the hundred court, 14th and 15th centuries. 1064. . History of the manor of Bensington (Benson). London, 1896. Valuable. 1065. Wood, Anthony a. The ancient and present state of the city of Ox-ford. With additions by John Peshall London, 1773. 140 General Authorities: Modern Writers [paet i 1066. Wood, Anthony a. Survey of the city of Oxford, ed. Andrew Clark. Oxford Hist. Soc. 3 vols. Oxford, 1889-99. Vol. i. The city and suburbs. Vol. ii. Churches and religious houses. Vol. iii. Addenda and indexes. Shropshire. 1067. *Eyton, R. ^V. Antiquities of Shropshire. 12 vols. London, 1854-60. Particularly valuable for the 12th and 13th centuries. 1068. HiBBERT, F. A. The influence and development of English gilds, as illustrated by the history of the craft gilds of Shrewsbury. Cambridge, 1891. 1069. [Owen, Hugh, and Blakeway, J. B.] A history of Shrewsbury. 2 vols. London, 1825. Valuable. Somersetshire. See No. 81. 1070. Phelps, William. The history and antiquities of Somersetshire. 2 vols. London, 1836-39. 1071. *Church, C. M. Chapters in the early history of Bath and Wells, 1 1 36-1 333. London, etc., 1894. The expansion of a series of papers in Archseologia, vols, l.-lii. Contains four charters granted to the city of Wells, 1 174-1201. 1072. Freeman, E. A. History of the cathedral church of Wells, as illustrating the history of the cathedral churches of the old foundation. London, 1870. See also his essay, The Cathedral Churches of the Old Foundation, in J. S. Howson's Essays on Cathedrals (London, 1872), 135-65. 1073. Holmes, T. S. The history of the parish and manor of Wookey. Bristol, [1886]. Contains abstracts of manorial accounts, 1329 and 1462. 1074. Hugo, Thomas. The medieval nunneries of the count}- of Somerset. London, etc., 1867. 1075. Humphreys, A. L. Materials for the history of the town of Wellington. London, 1889. § 24] Local History 141 1075 a. LvTE, H. C. M. Dunster and its lords. [Exeter], 1S82. Dunster household accounts, 1401-32, pp. 114-33. 1076. Pike, L. O. (editor). The year book of 16 Ed\Yard III. Rolls Series. London, 1896. Municipal history of Wells, pp. xiv.-xciv., 108-120. Valuable. 1077. *Rawle, E. J. Annals of the forest of Exmoor. Taunton, etc., 1893. Contains perambulations of 1279 and 1298, pleas of the forest, 1257-1368, etc. 1078. Serel, Thomas. Historical notes on the church of St. Cuthbert in Wells. Wells, 1875. Deals with early churchwardens, etc. 1079. Thompson, E. Margaret. A history of the Somerset Carthusians. London, 1895. Deals with the history of the charterhouses of Hinton and Witham. 1080. Vincent, J. A. C. The first bishop of Bath and Wells [with an appendix of records, 1090-1245; reprinted from the Genealogist, new series, vols, ii.-viii.]. Exeter, 1899. pp. 64. 1081. Warner, Richard. The history of Bath. Bath, etc., 1801. Staffordshire. See No. 82. 1082. Shaw, Stebbing. The history and antiquities of Stafford- shire. Vols, i.-ii. pt. i. London, 1 798-1801. 1083. Harwood, Thomas. The history and antiquities of the church and city of Lichfield. Gloucester, 1806. 1084. Hutchinson, S. W. Archdeaconry of Stoke-on-Trent : historical notes of abbeys, churches, etc. London, etc., 1893. 1085. Jones, J. P. A history of the parish of Tettenhall. London, 1894. 1086. Salt, Edward. The history of Standon : parish, manor, and church. Birmingham, 1888. Contains abstracts of court rolls, A.D. 1338-1773, etc. 142 General Authorities : Modern Writers [paet i 1087. WiLLMORE, F. W. A history of Walsall and its neighbour- hood. Walsall, etc., 18S7. Suffolk. See No. 1037. 1088. Suckling, Alfred. The history and antiquities of the county of Suffolk. 2 vols. London, 1846-48. 1089. *Bacon, Nathaniel. The annals of Ipswich, ed. W. H. Richardson. Ipswich, 1884. Contains numerous extracts from the town records. 1090. Battely, John. Antiquitates Rutupince et antiquitates S. Edmundi Burgi ad annum 1272 perductce. Oxford, 1745. 1091. CuLLUM, John. The history and antiquities of Hawsted. London, 1784. 2nd edition, 181 3. 1092. Gage, John. The history and antiquities of Suffolk : Thingoe hundred. London, 1838. 1093. Parker, William. The history of Long Melford. London, 1873. Contains a translation of charters, manorial extents, etc. 1094. *WoDDERSPOON, JoHN. Memorials of Ipswich. Ipswich, etc., 1850. The best history of Ipswich. 1095. Yates, Richard. An illustration of the monastic history of the town and abbey of St. Edmund's Bury. 2 pts. London, 1805. 2nd edition, 1843. The best history of the town and abbey. Surrey. 1096. Manning, Owen. The history and antiquities of the county of Surrey. Continued by William Bray. 3 vols. London, 1804-14. 1097. Ducarel, a. C. Some account of the town, church, and archiepiscopal palace of Croydon, in Bibliotheca Topographica Britannica (No. 816), vol. ii. no. xii. London, 1783. § 24] Local History 143 1098. Heales, Alfred. Early history of the church of Kings- ton-upon-Thames [with an appendix of records]. Surrey Arcluvol. Soc, Collections, viii. 13-156 f. London, 1883. 1099. . Tandridge prior}' and the Austin canons [with an appendix of records]. Ibid., ix. ig-156. London, 1888 [1885]. 1 100. The history of Guildford. [3rd edition.] Guildford, 180 1. — ist and 2nd editions : History and description of Guildford, 1777, [1800]. Sussex. See No. 83. 1101. Dallaway, James. A history of the western division of Sussex, including the rapes of Chichester, Arundel, and Bramber. 2 vols, in 3 pts. London, 1815-30 ; 2nd edition of pt. ii. of vol. ii., 1832. 1102. HoRSFiELD, T. W. The history, etc., of the county of Sussex. 2 vols. Lewes, etc., 1835. 1 103. Hay, Alexander. The history of Chichester. Chi- chester, 1804. 1104. *HoLLOWAY, William. The history and antiquities of Rye, with incidental notices of the Cinque Ports. London, 1847. Contains the customal of Rye. 1105. Horsfield, T. W. The history and antiquities of Lewes. 2 vols. Lewes, 1824-27. — Supplement, 1832. 1106. Hudson, William. The hundred of Eastbourne and its six ' boroughs.' Sussex Archaol. Soc, Collections, xlii. 180-208. Lewes, 1899. 1107. Inder\vick, F. a. The story of King Edward [I.] and New Winchelsea : the edification of a medieval town. London, 1892. 1 108. Moss, W. G. The history and antiquities of Hastings. London, 1824. 1109. Stephens, W. R. W. Memorials of the south Saxon see and cathedral church of Chichester. London, 1876. 144 General Authorities : Modern Writers [paht i mo. SwAiNSON, C. A. The history and constitution of a cathe- dral of the old foundation, illustrated from documents in the registry and muniment room of the cathedral of Chichester. Pt. i. London, etc., 1880. Contains a valuable collection of records. 1111. TiERNEY, M. A. The history and antiquities of the castle and town of Arundel. London, 1834. Wales : General. See Nos. 362, 731, 863. 1 1 12. Bridgeman, G. T. O. History of the princes of south Wales. Wigan, 1876. 1113. Lewis, Hubert. Ancient laws of Wales. London, 1889. Elaborate but not reliable. See No. 641. 1 1 14. Lloyd, J. Y. W. History of the princes, the lords marcher, and the ancient nobility of Powys Fadog. 6 vols. London, 1881- 87. Contains extracts from the public records. 1115. jRhys, John, and Jones, D. B. The Welsh people : their origin, history, laws, language, etc. London, 1900. 1 1 16. *Seebohm, Frederic. The tribal system in Wales. London, etc., 1895. Deals with the land system, the bond of kindred, the tribal development, etc. The appendix, pp. 3-48, contains documents relating to Aberfraw, 1294-1351 ; pp. 49-96, extracts from the extent of the honour of Denbigh, 1 335, and other records. 1 1 17. Tout, T. F. The Welsh shires. Soc. of Cynuurodorioir, Y Cymmrodor, ix. 201-26. London, 1888. 1 1 18. Walter, Ferdinand. Das alte Wales : ein Beitrag zur Volker-, Rechts-, und Kirchen-Geschichte. Bonn, 1859. Valuable ; deals mainly with legal and constitutional history. 1119. Warrington, William. The history of AVales. London, 1786. 4th edition, 2 vols., Brecon, 1823. 1120. Williams, Jane. A history of Wales [to 1603]. London, i86g. § 24] Local History 145 1121. Woodward, B. B. The history of Wales, London, [1853]. Another edition, 1859. Wales : The Church. See § 47 b. 1122. Birch, W. de Gray. A history of Margam abbey. London, 1897. 1123. Hughes, William. A history of the church of the Cymry. Vol. i., to 1284. London, 1894. 1124. Jones, W. B., and Freeman, E. A. The history and antiquities of St. Davids. London, etc., 1856. 1 125. *Newell, E. J. A history of the Welsh church, to the dissolution of the monasteries. London, 1895. 1126. Owen, Edward. A contribution to the history of the Prgemonstratensian abbey of Talley. Cambrian Archaol. Assoc, Archaeologia Cambrensis, 5th series, x. 29-47, 120-28, 226-37, 309-25 ;xi. 34-5o> 92-107, 196-213. London, 1893-94. Contains many documents. 1 127. Rees, J. R. Slebech commandery and the knights of St. John. Ibid., xiv. 85-107, 197-228 261-84 '■> xv. 33-53 ; xvi. 220-34, 283-98. London, 1897-99. 1 128. Thomas, D. R. A history of the diocese of St. Asaph. London, etc., 1874. 1 129. Williams, S. W. The Cistercian abbey of Strata Florida : its history, etc. London, i88g. The appendix contains charters and other records. 1130. Willis-Bund, J. W. The religious houses in south Wales after 1066. Cambriati Archceol. Assoc, Archaeologia Cambrensis, 5th series, vii. 1-27. London, 1890. Beheves that they formed a part of the Norman system of conquest. Wales : Counties, Boroughs, etc. 1131. Breese, Edward. Kalendars of Gwynedd, or lists of lords-lieutenant, sheriffs, and knights of the shire for the counties of Anglesey, Caernarvon, and Merioneth, and of the members for the boroughs of Caernarvon and Beaumaris. London, 1S73. l 146 General Authorities : Modern Writers [paht i 1 132. C[lark], G. T. Manorial particulars of the county of Glamorgan. Cambrian Archceol. Assoc. ^ Archaeologia Cambrensis, 4th series, viii. 249-69, ix. 1-21, 114-34. London, 1877-78. Deals with various manors. 1 133. DILL^VYN, L. W. Contributions towards a history of Swansea. Swansea, 1840. pp. 72. 1 134. Laws, Edward. The history of little England beyond Wales and the non-Kymric colony settled in Pembrokeshire. London, 188S. 1 135. Rowlands, Henry. Antiquitates parochiales [isle of Anglesey]. Ca?nbrian Archceol. Assoc, Archaeologia Cambrensis [ist series], vols, i.-iv. passim. London, 1846-49. Useful for manorial history ; contains many charters, etc. 1 136. Taylor, Henry. Historic notices of the borough of Flint. London, 1883. 1137. Williams, John. Ancient and modern Denbigh : history of the castle, borough, and liberties. Denbigh, 1856. See No. 2667. Warwickshire. 1 138. Dugdale, William. The antiquities of Warwickshire illustrated. London, 1656 ; reprinted, Coventry, 1765. 2nd edition, 2 vols., London, 1730. 1 139. Bartlett, Benjamin. History and antiquities of the parish of Manceter [with an appendix of charters, etc.], in Biblio- theca Topographica Britannica (No. 816), vol. ix. no. i. London, 1791. 1140. Harris, M. D. Life in an old English town : a history of Coventry. London, etc., 1898. Valuable. 1 141. History of the forest and chase of Sutton Coldfield. London, i860. Contains a translation of the customs of 1309. 1 142. NoRRis, Henry. Baddesley Clinton : its manor, church, and hall. London, etc., 1897. § 24] Local History 147 1143. Poole, Benjamin. Coventry : its history and antiquities. London, etc., 1870. 1 144. Whitley, T. W. The parliamentary representation of the city of Coventry, from the earliest times. Coventry, [i882]-94. Valuable. Wiltshire. 1145. *HoARE, R. C. The modern history of south Wiltshire. [Second title : The history of modern Wiltshire.] 6 vols. London, 1822-43. Contains many charters, inquests post mortem, pleas, etc. Vol. vi. contains a good account of the history of the city and bishopric of Salisbury, with a valuable appendix of documents. See No. 406. 1146. Bowles, W. L., and Nichols, J. G. Annals and anti- quities of Lacock abbey. London, 1835. The appendix contains an abstract of the abbey chartulary, and other docu- ments. 1 147. DoDSWORTH, William. An historical account of the episcopal see and cathedral church of Sarum. Salisbury, etc., 1814. 1148. Jones, W. H. [R.]. Fasti ecclesise Sarisberiensis, or a calendar of the bishops, deans, etc., of the cathedral body at Salisbury. Salisbury, etc., 1879. 1 149. *ScR0PE, G. P. History of the manor and barony of Castle Combe. [London], 1852. Contains a rental, 1340; extracts from court rolls, 1344-1700; an extent of the manor, 1454 ; accounts of the bailiff, 1408-60 ; charters, etc. 1150. . On the self-government of small manorial commu- nities, as exemplified in Castle Combe. Wiltsh. ArchcBol. and Nat. Hist Soc, Magazine, iii. 145-63. Devizes, 1857. 1151. Waylen, James. Chronicles of the Devizes: a history of the castle, parks, and borough. London, 1839. 1 152. . A history, military and municipal, of the town of Marlborough. London, 1854. L 2 148 General Authorities : Modern Writers [part i Worcestershire. 1 153. [Nash, T. R.] Collections for the history of Worcester- shire. 2 vols. London, 1781-82. — Supplement, 1799. — Index, by John Amphlett, 2 pts., Oxford, 1894-95. Valuable ; contains many charters and other records. The second edition, 1 799, is a reprint of the first. 1 154. Amphlett, John. A short history of Clent. London, etc., 1890. 1 155. Burton, J. R. A history of Kidderminster. London, 1890. Ch. iv. Municipal history. 1 156. Green, Valentine. The history and antiquities of the city of Worcester. 2 vols. London, 1796. 1 157. May, George. The history of Evesham : its Benedictine monastery, municipal institutions, etc. Evesham, 1834. 1 158. . A descriptive history of the town of Evesham. Evesham, 1845. 1159. NoTT, James. Some of the antiquities of 'Moche Mal- verne ' (Great Malvern). Malvern, 1885. Yorkshire. See Nos. 84, 803 «, 827, 995. 1 160. Atkinson, J. C. Memorials of old Whitby. London, 1894. The best account of the early municipal history of Whitby. 1161. Aveling, J. H. The history of Roche abbey. London, etc., 1870. 1162. Baker, J. B. The history of Scarborough. London, 1882. 1163. Blashill, Thomas. Sutton-in-Holderness : the manor, the berewic, and the village community. Hull, etc., 1896. 1164. *Boyle, J. R. The early history of the town and port of Hedon. Hull, etc., 1895. There is an elaborate appendix, containing charters, churchwarden's' accounts (Richard II. -Edward IV.), bailiffs' accounts, etc. § 24] Local History 149 1165. Browne, John. The history of the church of St, Peter, York. 2 vols. London, etc., [i838]-47. 1166. Burton, John. Monasticon Eboracense. York, 1758. — Appendix of charters, 1759, pp. 8. Contains a detailed account of the lands of each religious house. 1167. Burton, Thomas. The history of Hemingbrough, ed. James Raine. Yorksh. Archccol. and Topog. Assoc. York, 1888. Deals with manorial and church history. 1 168. Charlton, Lionel. History of Whitby and of Whitby abbey. York, 1779. Contains a translation of many charters relating to the abbey. 1169. Clarkson, Christopher. The history and antiquities of Richmond. Richmond, 182 1. 1 170. CoLLYER, Robert, and Turner, J. H. Ilkley, ancient and modern. Otley, 1885. Ch. vii. Plumpton charters, 1 203-1 523. Ch. viii. Manor court rolls (extracts), 1357-1692. Valuable. 1171. DixoN, W. H. Fasti Eboracenses : lives of the archbishops of York, ed. James Raine. Vol. i. London, 1863. The introduction contains a brief history of the archbishopric ; the body of the work contains lives of the archbishops to 1373. Valuable. 1172. *Drake, Francis. Eboracum, or the history and anti- quities of the city of York, with the history of the cathedral church. London, 1736. 1 173. Fisher, John. The history and antiquities of Masham and Mashamshire, with appendixes containing charters, etc. London, 1865. 1 174. Fox, George. The history of Pontefract. Pontefract, etc. 1827. 1175. Frost, Charles. Notices relative to the early history of the town and port of Hull. London, 1827. 1176. *GuEST, John. Historic notices of Rotherham. Worksop, 1879. ISO General Authorities: Modern Writers [paet i 1 177. Hadley, George. A new and complete history of the town of Kingston-upon-Hull. Hull, 1788. 1177 a. Hope, W. H. St. John. Fountains abbey. YorksJi. ArchceoL Soc, Journal, xv. 269-402. Leeds, 1900. A valuable paper, dealing mainly with the architecture of the abbey. 1 178. Hunter, Joseph. Hallamshire : the history and topo- graphy of Sheffield. London, 18 19. — New edition, by Alfred Gatty, i86g. 1 179. . South Yorkshire : the history and topography of the deanery of Doncaster. 2 vols. London, 1828-31. 1180. Kenrick, John. A selection of papers on archaeology and history. London, etc., 1864. The templars in Yorkshire, 1-68. 1181. Morkill, J. W. The manor and park of Roundhay. Thoresby Soc, Miscellanea, i. 215-48. Leeds, 1891. Contains abstracts of manorial extents and other documents of the 14th and 15th centuries. 1182. PouLSON, George. Beverlac, or the antiquities and history of the town of Beverley. 2 vols. London, 1829. Valuable. 1183. . The history and antiquities of the seigniory of Holderness. 2 vols. Hull, 1840-41. 1 184. Sheard, Michael. Records of the parish of Batley. Worksop, 1894. 1 185. Stapleton, Thomas. The ancient religious community of secular canons in York [the church of the Holy Trinity], with biographical notices of the founder Ralph Paynell and of his descen- dants. Royal ArchceoL Instihite of Great Britain, Memoirs of York, 1-230. London, 1848. 1 186. Taylor, Thomas. The history of Wakefield : the rectory manor. Wakefield, 1886. Contains many records ; most of them relate to modern times. 1 187. Tomlinson, John. Doncaster, from the Roman occupa- tion to the present time. Doncaster, 1887. Valuable. §24] Local History 131 1188. Walker, J. K. Almonbury in feudal times. Yorksh. Archaeol. and Topog. Assoc, Journal, ii. 1-34. London, 1872. Deals with manorial history. 1189. Whitaker, T. D. History and antiquities of the deanery of Craven. London, 1805. — 3rd edition, by A. W. Morant, Leeds, etc., 1878. Extracts from the accounts of the priory of Bolton, 1290-1325, pp. 448-67. 1190. . History of Richmondshire. 2 vols. London, 1823. 1191. Young, George. A history of Whitby and Streoneshalh abbey. 2 vols. Whitby, 181 7. § 25. COMMERCE, INDUSTRY, AND AGRICULTURE. a. General, Nos. 1192-1201. b. Particular Subjects, Nos. 1202-26. The most valuable general works are those of Ashley and Cun- ningham. Palgrave's Dictionary (No. 1196) is a useful book ot reference. Rogers, Meitzen, and Seebohm (Nos. 1199, 1217, 1222) have thrown much light on the history of agriculture. See also No. 728 ; and, for works on coinage and gilds, §§ 10, 24. a. GENERAL. 1192. [Anderson, Adam.] An historical and chronological deduction of the origin of commerce. 2 vols. London, 1764. Other editions, 4 vols., 1787-89, 1801. A useful collection of undigested material on the history of commerce and industry, written in the form of annals. 1 193. * Ashley, W. J. An introduction to English economic history and theory. 2 vols. London, etc., 1888-93 ; 3rd edition of vol. i., 1894. Vol. i. deals with the manor, gilds, and economic legislation; vol. ii., with the towns, the crafts, the woollen industry, the agrarian revolution, the relief of the poor, and the canonist doctrine. 1194. Craik, G. L. The history of British commerce. 3 vols. London, 1844. A brief account, based largely upon Macpherson's work (No. 1198). 152 General Authorities: Modern Writers [part i 1 195. *CuNNiNGHAM, WiLLiAM. The growth of English industry and commerce. [2nd edition.] 2 vols. Cambridge, 1890-92. ist and 3rd editions of vol. i., 1882, 1896, 1196. Dictionary of political economy, ed. R. H. Inglis Palgrave. 3 vols. London, etc., 1894 [i89i]-i9oo. Contains many valuable articles, with bibliographical notices of the authorities. 1197. GiBBiNS, Henry de Beltgens. Industry in England : historical outlines. London, 1896. Deals with commerce, manufactures, agriculture, etc. 1 198. Macpherson, David. Annals of commerce, manu- factures, fisheries, and navigation. 4 vols. London, etc., 1805. Written in the annaHstic form ; contains much useful material. Based on Anderson (No. 1 192) for the period 1492-1760. 1199. Rogers, J. E. T. A history of agriculture and prices in England, 1 259-1 793. Vols, i.-vi. Oxford, 1866-87. 1200. . Six centuries of work and wages : the history of English labour. 2 vols. London, 1884. 3rd edition, i vol., 1890. Based on his History of Agriculture (No. 1 199). 1201. . The economic interpretation of history. London, etc., 1888. Deals with labour legislation, agriculture, taxation, metallic currencies, the gild system, etc. , especially in the later middle ages and in modern times. His Industrial and Commercial History, London, 1892, relates mainly to modern times. All his works are valuable, but some of his views on important subjects are rejected by good authorities. b. PARTICULAR SUBJECTS. 1202. Beck, Ludwig. Die Geschichte des Eisens. Vols, i.-iii. Brunswick, 1884-97 j 2nd edition of pt. i. (to 1500), 1891. 1203. Beck, S. W. The draper's dictionary : a manual of textile fabrics, their history and application. London, [1882]. 1204. . Gloves, their annals and associations. London, 1883. Ch. xi. Companies of glovers. | Ch. xii. The glove trade. 1205. Bennett, Richard, and Elton, John. History of corn-milling. Vols, i.-ii. London, etc., 1898-99. § 25] Commerce, Industry, and Agriculture 153 1206. BiCKERDYKE, JoHN [i.e. C. H. Cook]. The curiosities of ale and beer. London, [1S86]. 1207. BiscHOFF, James. A comprehensive history of the woollen and worsted manufactures. 2 vols, London, 1842. Devotes little attention to the medieval period. 1208. BoNwiCK, James. Romance of the wool trade. London, 1887. 1209. Bourne, H. R. F. English merchants : memoirs in illus- tration of the progress of British commerce. 2 vols. London, 1866. New edition, i vol., 1886. Deals with early English commerce, the De la Poles of Hull (A.D. 131 1-66), Richard Whittinglon of London, the Canynges of Bristol (A.D. 1 360-1475), etc. 1210. Burnley, James. The history of wool and wool-combing. London, 1889. The portion of the work dealing with the middle ages is meagre. 121 1. Chaffers, William. Gilda aurifabrorum : a history of English goldsmiths and plateworkers. London, 1883. 1212. Cunningham, William. Alien immigrants to England. London, etc., 1897. Valuable. 1213. Del Mar, Alexander. History of monetary systems. London, 1895. 1214. Galloway, R. L. A history of coal mining in Great Britain. London, 1882. Of little value for the medieval period. 1215. James, John. History of the worsted manufacture in England. London, etc., 1S57. Valuable. 1216. Lindsay, W. S. History of merchant shipping and ancient commerce. 4 vols. London, 1874-76. 1217. *Meitzen, August. Siedelung und Agrarwesen der Westgermanen und Ostgermanen, der Kelten, Romer, Finnen, und Slawen. 3 vols, and atlas. Berlin, 1895. Ireland, i. 174-232. | England, ii. 97-140. 154 General Authorities: Modern Writers [parti 1218. MoRLEY, Henry. Memoirs of Bartholomew fair. London, 1859 ; reprinted, [1874]. 1219. *Nasse, Erwin. Ueber die mittelalterliche Feldgemein- schaft und die Einhegungen des i6ten Jahrhunderts in England. Bonn, 1869. pp. 71. — Translated by H. A. Ouvry for the Cobden Club : On the agricultural community of the middle ages, etc. London, 187 1 ; 2nd edition, 1872. Nasse called attention to the fact that the English and German land systems were the same, and that in England, as in Germany, the open-field system was ' the shell of the medieval village community.' There is a valuable review of this book in Georg Hanssen's Agrarhistorische Abhandlungen (2 vols., Leipsic, 1880-84), i. 484-512. 1220. NiCHOLLS, H. G. Iron making in the olden times [especially in the forest of Dean]. London, 1866. pp. 82. Contains the ancient laws of the miners of Dean forest. 1220 a. Remarks upon the history of the landed and commercial policy of England, from the invasion of the Romans to the accession of James L 2 vols. London, 1785. 1221. Reports of the royal commission on market rights and tolls. Pari. Papers, 1888, vols, liii.-lv. ; 1889, vol. xxxviii. ; 1890-91, vols, xxxvii.-xli. 14 vols, in 17. [London], 1889-91. 1222. *Seebohm, Frederic. The English village community : an essay on economic history. London, 1883. 4th edition, 1890 ; reprinted, 1896. A very valuable contribution to agrarian history. For one of his main theories and the views of his opponents, see § 44 a. 1223. Smith, John. Chronicon rusticum-commerciale, or memoirs of wool. 2 vols. London, 1747. 2nd edition, 1756-57. The best book on this subject. 1223 a. Taylor, R. W. C. Introduction to a history of the factory system. London, 1886. Devotes much attention to the middle ages. 1224. Taylor, T. J. The archaeology of the coal trade. Royal Archceol. Institute of Great Britain^ Memoirs of Northumber- land, i. 150-224. London, 1858. §26] Social History 155 1225. Walford, Cornelius. Fairs, past and present : a chapter in the history of commerce. London, 1883. Deals particularly with the history of Sturbridge fair and Bartholomew fair. 1226. Warden, A. J. The linen trade, ancient and modern. London, 1864. 2nd edition, 1S67. Deals mainly with modern times. § 26. SOCIAL HISTORY. See Nos. 94, 705. The best general work, for England, is Traill's ; for Ireland, O'Curry's. 1227. Brand, John. Observations on popular antiquities, chiefly illustrating the origin of our vulgar customs, etc. Revised by Henry Ellis. 2 vols. London, 1813; reprinted in 1841-42, and again in 1849, in 3 vols., with some unimportant additions. — New edition, by W. C. Hazlitt, 3 vols., London, 1870. Vol. i. The calendar. Vol. iii. Superstitions. Vol. ii. Customs and ceremonies, nother edition, in one volume, was published in 1888. 1228. Creighton, Charles. A history of epidemics in Britain [a.d. 664-1866]. 2 vols. Cambridge, 1891-94, Valuable. 1229. CuTTS, E. L. Scenes and characters of the middle ages. London, 1872. Contains chapters on the monks, hermits, the secular clergy, minstrels, knights, and merchants. 1230. Dyer, T. F. T. English folk-lore. London, 187S. 2nd edition, 1880. A small handbook, intended for popular use. 1231. Eden, F. M. The state of the poor, or a history of the labouring classes in England, from the [Norman] conquest to the present period, with respect to diet, fuel, and habitations. 3 vols. London, 1797. Deals mainly with modern times. 156 General Authorities: Modern Writers 1232. JusSERAND, J. J. Les Anglais au moyen age : la vie nomade et les routes d'Angleterre au xiv® siecle. Paris, 1884. — Translated by L. T. Smith : English wayfaring life in the middle ages. London, etc., 1889; 4th edition, 1892. Valuable. 1233. Merryweather, F. S. Glimmerings in the dark, or lights and shadows of the olden time. London, 1850. Deals with monasteries, witchcraft, literary life, relics, miracles, marriage ceremonies, Jews, heresy, lawyers, etc. 1234. NiCHOLLS, George. A history of the English poor law. 2 vols. London, 1854. New edition, 1898. 1235. O'CuRRY, Eugene. On the manners and customs of the ancient Irish. Edited, with an introduction, by W. K. Sullivan. 3 vols. London, etc., 1873. Valuable, but Sullivan's elaborate introduction should be used cautiously. 1236. Owen, Elias. Welsh folk-lore : a collection of the folk- tales and legends of north Wales. Oswestry, etc., [1896]. 1237. Strutt, Joseph. Glig-gamena Angel-leod : the sports and pastimes of the people of England. London, 1801. — New edition, by WiUiam Hone, 1830, 1876, etc. 1238. . Horda Angel-cynnan : a complete view of the manners, customs, arms, habits, etc., of the inhabitants of England. 3 vols. London, 1774-76. 157 plates. 1239. Thrupp, John. The Anglo-Saxon home : a history of the domestic institutions and customs of England, from the fifth to the eleventh century. London, 1862. 1240. Traill, H. D. (editor). Social England : a record of the progress of the people in religion, laws, learning, arts, industry, com- merce, science, literature, and manners. By various writers. 6 vols. London, etc., 1894-97. There is a bibliography at the end of each chapter. 1241. Wright, Thomas. A history of domestic manners and sentiments in England [copiously illustrated]. London, 1862. — [New edition] : The homes of other days, a history of domestic manners, etc. London, 187 1. PART II CELTIC, ROMAN, AND GERMANIC ORIGINS Chapter I PREHISTORIC AND CELTIC TIMES §27. PREHISTORIC RACES AND GENERAL WORKS ON EARLY ETHNOLOGY. The materials for the study of prehistoric times are implements, skeletons, earthworks, and similar remains, together with the traces of institutions which have been disclosed by philological research. In addition to the works mentioned below, see § 11; and Ripley's bibliography (No. 1255). 1242. Arbois de Jubainville, Henri d'. Les premiers habi- tants de I'Europe. Paris, 1877. 2nd edition, 2 vols., 1889-94. Valuable. 1243. *Beddoe, John. The races of Britain. Bristol, etc., 1885. Ch. ii. Prehistoric races. I Ch. ix. Norman Conquest. Ch. iv. Roman period. I Ch. xii. Subsequent migrations. 1244. Davis, J. B., and Thurnam, John. Crania Britannica : skulls of the early inhabitants of the British isles. 2 vols, London, 1865. Vol. ii. contains valuable plates. 1245. *Dawkins, W. B, Cave hunting : researches on the evidence of caves respecting the early inhabitants of Europe. London, 1874. 1246. * . Early man in Britain. London, 1880. 158 Prehistoric and Celtic Times [part n 1247. Elton, C. I. Origins of English history. London, 1882. 2nd edition, 1890. Chs. iv.-v. deal with the Celts ; chs. vi.-vii., prehistoric times ; ch. xi., the Roman period ; ch. xii., Anglo-Saxons to about 597. Valuable. 1248. *Greenwell, William, and Rolleston, George. British barrows. Oxford, 1877. Records the examination of above 230 sepulchral mounds belonging to the period before the occupation of Britain by the Romans. 1249. Huxley, T. H. Man's place in nature, and other essays, in his Collected Essays, vol. vii. London, 1894. V. Fixed points in British ethnology. | VI. The Aryan question. 1250. Latham, R. G. The ethnology of the British islands. London, 1852. Deals with the influence of the Celtic, Roman, German, and Danish elements. 1251. Lubbock, John. Prehistoric times. London, 1865. 5th edition, 1890. 1252. LuKis, W. C. The prehistoric stone monuments of the British isles: Cornwall. Soc. of A?itiq. of London. London, 1885. 40 coloured plates. 1253. MuNRO, Robert. The lake-dwellings of Europe. London, 1890. 1254. Rhys, John. The early ethnology of the British isles, etc. [Rhind lectures]. Scottish Review, xv. 233-52; xvi. 30-47, 240- 56; xvii. 60-82, 332-493 xviii. 120-43. Paisley, etc., 1890-91. 1255. Ripley, W. Z. The races of Europe ; accompanied by a bibUography of the anthropology and ethnology of Europe, i vol. and supplement (bibliography). New York, etc., 1899. The British isles, 300-334. The bibliography was also separately published, Boston, 1899. 1256. Schrader, Otto. Sprachvergleichung und Urgeschichte. Jena, 1883 ; 2nd edition, 1890. — Translated by F. B. Jevons : Pre- historic antiquities of the Ar}'an peoples. London, 1890. Valuable. 1257. Smith, W. G. Man, the primeval savage : his haunts and relics, from the hill-tops of Bedfordshire to Blackwall. London, 1894. 1258. Taylor, Isaac. The origin of the Aryans. London, [1890]. § 28] The Celts i 59 1259. WiNDLE, B. C. A. Life in early Britain. London, 1897. A handbook intended for popular use. § 28. THE CELTS. Besides implements, graves, and similar remains, the sources include inscriptions on coins (§ 10) and passages in the classical writers, the most important of whom are Caesar and Tacitus. These passages, most of which were written after Caesar's invasion of Britain, are printed in Petrie's Monumenta (No. 537). Some historians assert that a large part of the Celtic population survived in Anglo-Saxon England, and exerted great influence upon English institutions. Those who emphasise this view most strongly are Lewis, Nicholas, and Pike (Nos. 11 13, 1264-5) '} ^^e also Davies (No. 1262), Grant Allen's Anglo-Saxon England, [1881], ch. vii., and A. H. Sayce's Address, in Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1887, pp. 885-95. Besides the books concerning the Celts mentioned below, others will be found in s^§ 11, 27. See also Nos. 1348, 1394 ; the books on Ireland and Wales in § 24 ; and, for Celtic Christianity, § 47 i^. 1260. Arbois de Jubainville, Henri d'. Introduction a I'etude de la litterature celtique. Paris, 1883. Devotes much attention to Druidism in Ireland. 1261. Bertrand, Alexandre. La religion des Gaulois : les Druides et le Druidisme. Paris, 1897. L'Ireland druidique, 277-96. 1262. Davies, John. The Celtic element of the EngHsh people. Cambrian Archaol. Assoc, Archaeologia Cambrensis, 4th series, x. 195-221, 252-67 ; xi. 10-24, 97-105- London, 1879-80. 1263. *Guest, Edwin. Origines Celticae, and other contributions to the history of Britain. 2 vols. London, 1883. Origines Celtics, i. 1-409, ii. 1-118. British geography, ii. 35-61. British buildings, etc., ii. 62-ichd. Itinerary of Antoninus, ii. loi-iS. Welsh and English boundaries after 577, ii. 242-72. English conquest of Severn valley, ii. 282-312. Pudens and Claudia, ii. 121-45. ', Uriconium, ii. 313-30. English settlements in south Britain, , Invasion of Britain by Caesar, ii. 33 1- 11. 147-99- Stonehenge, ii. 200-17. The four Roman ways, ii. 218-41. 80. Campaign of Plautius, ii. 381-408. i6o Prehistoric and Celtic Times 1264. Nicholas, Thomas. The pedigree of the English people. London, 1868. 5th edition, 1878. Tries to prove that the Celtic element forms the ethnical basis of the English people. Nicholas borrows much from Pike (No. 1266). 1265. Pflugk-Harttung, Julius von. The Druids of Ireland. Royal Hist. Soc, Trans., new series, vii. 55-75. London, 1893. 1266. Pike, L. O. The English and their origin. London, 1866. Contends that the Celts survived the Roman occupation of England and formed an important element of the English people. 1267. Rhys, John. Celtic Britain. London, etc., 1882. 2nd edition, 1884. A good short account. 1268. . Lectures on the origin and growth of religion as illustrated by Celtic heathendom. London, 1888. 1269. Skene, W. F. Celtic Scotland. 3 vols. Edinburgh, 1876-80. Vol. i. ch. ii. Roman Britain. Vol. i. ch. iv. Ethnology of Britain. Valuable. Vol. iii. chs. iv.-v. The tribe in Ireland and Britain. 1270. Valroger, Lucien de. Les Celtes. La Gaule celtique. Paris, 1879. Pt. iii. Celts of Great Britain. I Pt. iv. Old Welsh and Irish law. i6i Chapter II THE ROMANS IN BRITAIN The great repositories of materials for the study of this period are Petrie's Monumenta, Hiibner's Inscriptiones, and Horsley's Britannia (Nos. 537, 1284, 1302). § 29. GREEK AND ROMAN WRITERS, ETC. The principal passages relating to Roman Britain are found in Csesar's Commentaries ; Strabo's Geography ; Pliny's Natural History ; Tacitus's Agricola, Histories, and Annals ; Suetonius's Twelve Caesars ; Ptolemy's Geography ; Dion Cassius's Roman History ; the Itinerary of Antonine ; Ammianus Marcellinus's History ; and the Notitia Dignitatum. These passages, and all the information con- cerning Britain furnished by other contemporary writers, will be found in Petrie's Monumenta. See also Hardy's Catalogue of Materials, vol. i. pp. cxvi.-cxxxiv., Cayzer's Britannia, and Giles's Ancient Britons, vol. ii. : Nos. 45, 127 1, 1300. Next to Csesar and Tacitus, the Itinerary of Antonine and the Notitia Dignitatum (Nos. 1273-4) are of the greatest value. Peutinger's Tabula and the anonymous Ravennas (Nos. 1275-6) supplement the Itinerary of Antonine. On these three geographical works, see Horsley (No. 1302), and H. F. Tozer, History of Ancient Geography, Cam- bridge, 1897, ch. xiv. The spurious treatise ascribed to Richard of Cirencester (No. 1277) also gives an itinerary of Britain. The infor- mation concerning the laws and government of Britain furnished by the Greek and Roman authors is very meagre. The Codex Theo- dosianus, ed. Gustav Haenel, Bonn, 1842, lib. xi. tit. vii. § 2 (' De exactionibus '), contains a brief rescript of the fifth century relating to Britain, in which the decurion is mentioned. 1271. Cayzer, T. S. Britannia : a collection of the principal passages in Latin authors that refer to this island. London, 1878. M 1 62 The Romans in Britain [part n 1272. Gale, Thomas. Antonini iter Britanniarum commen- tariis illustratum ; accessit anonymi Ravennatis Britannise choro- graphia. London, 1709. See Nos. 1273, 1276. 1273. *Itinerarium Antonini Augusti et Hierosolymitanum, ed. Gustav Parthey and Moritz Finder. Berlin, 1848. Antonine's Itinerary names the principal stations and towns in the Roman einpire, with the intermediate distances. It was probably compiled in the 2nd century by one of the Antonines, either Antoninus Pius or Marcus Aurelius Antoninus ; but the edition which has come down to us belongs to the time of Diocletian or Constantine the Great. See William Burton, Commentary on Antoninus his Itinerary, London, 1658 ; Thomas Reynolds, Iter Britanniarum, Cambridge, 1799 ; Guest, Origines Celticse (No. 1263), ii. 101-18 ; the Cata- logue of the British Museum Library, under ' Antoninus Augustus ' ; and Nos. 1272, 1302. 1274. *Notitia dignitatum, ed. Eduard Booking. 2 vols, in 3, and index. Bonn, 1839-53. — Also ed. Otto Seeck, Berlin, 1876: the best edition, but Booking gives a more detailed commentary. This work is an official register or list of the military and civil dignitaries in both the eastern and western empires, with the names of the places at which they were stationed, and the number of troops under their command. It was probably compiled under Honorius early in the 5th century. For the editions and literature, see Potthast, Bibliotheca (No. 25), ii. 868 ; and No. 1302. 1275. Peutingeriana tabula itineraria nunc primum arte photo- graphica expressa. Vienna, 1888. — Another edition : Die Weltkarte des Castorius genannt die Peutinger'sche Tafel, ed. Konrad Miller. 2 vols, (text and atlas). Ravensburg, 1887-88. — The best editions are : Tabula itineraria Peutingeriana, edited, with a valuable intro- duction, by Conrad Mannert, Leipsic, 1824 ; and La Table de Peutinger, ed. Ernest Desjardins, nos. i.-xiv., Paris, 1869-74. This chart or map of the world in the time of the Romans is 21 ft. long and I ft. wide. The oldest existing copy, now at Vienna, was made by a monk of Colmar in 1265, and belonged to Konrad Peutinger of Augsburg in the first half of the 1 6th century. It traces the lines of the roads throughout the Roman empire, marking the military stations and indicating the distances between them. The part relating to Britain is incomplete. Miller ascribes the work to a carto- grapher of Rome called Castorius, who compiled it about A.D. 366 ; but Mannert adduces strong evidence that it was drawn up in the 13rd century, while Desjardins believes that some portions belong to the age of Augustus and others 10 the 4th, 5th, and 6th centuries. See No. 1302. § 29] Greek and Roman Writers, etc. 163 1276. Ravennatis anonymi Cosmographia et Guidonis Geo- graphica, ed. Moritz Finder and Gustav Parthey. Berlin, i860. This Ravenna cosmographer seems to have flourished about A. D. 650. He enumerates the Roman stations. See Nos. 1272, 1302 ; M. A. P. d'Avezac- Macaya, Le Ravennate et son Expose Cosmographique, Rouen, 1888 ; and, for the editions, etc., Potthast, Bibliotheca (No. 25), i. 498. 1277. Richard of Cirencester. The description of Britain, translated from Richard of Cirencester, with the original treatise De situ Britanniae, and a commentary on the itinerary [ed. Henry Hatcher]. London, 1809. This treatise was first published in C. J. Bertram's Britannicarum Gentium Historice Antiquce Scriptores Tres : Ricardus Corinensis, Gildas, Nennius (Copen- hagen, 1757), 1-60. For other editions, and for arguments proving that it could not have been written by Richard of Cirencester in the 14th century, but that it was probably fabricated by Bertram, see Ricardi de Cirencestria Speculum Histo- riale (ed. J. E. B. Mayor, Rolls Series, 2 vols., 1863-9), vol. ii. pp. xvii.-clxiv. Mr. Mayor gives a full account of the history of this spurious work. See Nos. 574, 582, 1300, 1516; and, for Bertram's life, Dictionary of National Biography, 1885, iv. 412-13. § 30. ARCHAEOLOGICAL REMAINS : INSCRIP- TIONS, ETC. The most valuable of the older collections of Roman remains is Horsley's Britannia (No. 1302). Much material will also be found in the archccological treatises and journals mentioned in § 11, and in the works on local history (§ 24). The inscriptions throw some light on the provincial administration and military history of Britain, but they are so brief and obscure that they do not add much to our historical information. 'A victorious legion, the death of a com- mander, the performance of a vow, a tribute to the memory of a departed relative, are the subjects generally commemorated.' The best collection of inscriptions is Hiibner's (No. 1284); there are smaller collections in Petrie's Monumenta and Giles's Ancient Britons (Nos. 537, 1300), and in McCaul's work (No. 12S7). For Roman coins, see § 10. 1277 a. tAntonine wall report (The) ; an account of excavations made under the direction of the Glasgow Archaeological Society during 1890-93. Glasgow, 1900. M 2 164 The Romans in Britain [pabt h 1278. Boyle, J. R. The Roman wall : a reconstruction of its problems. ArchczoL Review^ iv. 81-106, 153-83. London, 1890 [1889]. 1279. *Bruce, J. C. The Roman wall. Newcastle, 1851. 3rd edition, London, 1867. Contains also an account of coins, inscriptions, and other remains. This work is reproduced in a condensed form in his Handbook of the Roman Wall, 4th edition, London, 1895. 1280. Fox, G. E., and Hope, W. H. St. John. Excavations on the site of the Roman city at Silchester, Hants. Soc. of Antiq. of London, Archseologia, lii. 733-58, liii. 539-73, liv, 199-238, Iv. 215- 56, 409-30, Ivi. 103-26, 229-50. London, 1890-99. The excavations are still in progress. 1281. Garstang, John. Roman Ribchester : excavations made on the site during 1898. Preston, etc., [1899]. pp. 16. 1282. Haverfield, F. Quarterly notes on Roman Britain, nos. i.-xxxi. [in progress]. Antiquary, vols, xxiii.-xxxvi., etc. London, 1891-1900. 1283. HoDGKiN, Thomas. The literar)- history of the Roman wall. Soc. of Antiq. of Newcastle, Archseologia ^Hana, xviii. 83-108. Newcastle, etc., 1896. Deals with the notices of the Roman wall furnished by writers down to the time of Bede. 1284. *Inscriptiones Britanniae Latinae, ed. Emil Hiibner. Akademie der Wissensch. zu Berlin, Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum, vol. vii. Berlin, 1873. ' Additamenta ad Corporis vol. vii.' are published in the same society's Ephemeris Epigraphica, iii. 113-55, 311-18, iv. 194-212, by Hiibner, and vii. 273-354, by F. Haverfield (Berlin, 1876-92). The more recently discovered inscriptions are given by Haverfield in the Archcsological Journal, xlvii. 229-67, xlix. 176-233, 1. 279-321. 1285. *Lapidarium septentrionale : a description of the monu- ments of Roman rule in the north of England [ed. J. C. Bruce]. Soc. of Antiq. of Newcastle London, etc., 1875, Contains many inscriptions. 1286. [Lysons, Samuel.] Reliquiae Britannico-Romanae, con- taining figures of Roman antiquities. 2 vols. London, 1 801-17 ; 66 plates. Another edition, 3 vols., 18 13-17. §80] Arch^ological Remains: Inscriptions, etc. 165 1287. Mc Caul, John. Britanno-Roman inscriptions. Toronto, etc., 1863. 1288. Mac Lauchlan, Henry. Memoir written during a survey of Watling street, from the Tees to the Scotch border, in 1850-51. 2 vols. London, 1852. Text, pp. 42; atlas, 6 sheets. — Memoir written during a survey of the eastern branch of Watling street, in Northumberland ; surveyed by direction of the duke of Northumber- land, 1857-59. London, 1864. Text, pp. 62 ; atlas, 5 sheets. — Notes not included in the memoirs on Roman roads in Northumber- land. London, 1867. pp. 92. 1289. . The Roman wall, from original surveys made by the direction of the duke of Northumberland. [London], 1857. 5 sheets. — Memoir written during a survey of the Roman wall, through Northumberland and Cumberland, in 1852-54, made by direction of the duke of Northumberland. London, 1858. pp.100. 1290. Roman remains [papers by various writers]. ArchcBol. Review, vols, i.-iv. London, 1888-90. 1291. ScARTH, H. M. Aquae Solis, or notices of Roman Bath. London, etc., 1864. 1292. Smith, C. R. Antiquities of Richborough, Reculver, and Lyme, in Kent. London, 1850. 1293. . Illustrations of Roman London. London, 1859. 1294. Watkin, W. T. Roman Cheshire : a description of Roman remains. Liverpool, 1886. — Roman Lancashire. Liverpool, 1883. Both works are valuable. 1295. Wellbeloved, Charles. Eburacum, or York under the Romans. York, etc., 1842. 1296. Wright, Thomas. Uriconium : a historical account of the ancient Roman city and of the excavations made upon its site at Wroxeter. London, etc., 1872. See also J. C. Anderson, The Roman City of Uriconium at Wroxeter (London, 1867) ; G. E. Fox, Uriconium, in Archaeological Journal, 1897, liv. 123-73- 1 66 The Romans in Britain [part h §31. MODERN WRITERS: POLITICAL AND CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY. The best of the older authorities are Camden's Britannia and Horsley's Britannia (Nos. 343, 1302); and the best recent account of the history of this period will be found in Ramsay's Foundations of England (No. 636). Some of the books mentioned in §§ 27, 28, especially Nos. 1243, 1247, 1263, 1269, deal with Roman Britain; Ciuest's work is particularly valuable. See also No. 1 5 1 6 ; and Pal- grave's Commonwealth (No. 1496), vol. i. chs. x.-xi. Hiibner (No. 1303) gives the best account of the military and civil govern- ment. The question of the survival and influence of Roman institutions after the fifth century has evoked much discussion. The most elaborate plea in favour of the permanence of Roman influence is presented by Coote (No. 1298); and the same general doctrine is advocated by Wright (No. 420), ch. xvi., Pearson, Finlason, See- bohm, and Scarth (Nos. 635, 658, 1222, 1310). See also No. 660, and the preliminary note to pt. ii. ch. iii. 1297. Airy, G. B. Essays on the invasion of Britain by JuHus Caesar; the invasion by Plautius, etc. London, 1865. pp. 61. 1298. Coote, H. C. The Romans of Britain. London, 1878. This is the expansion of his treatise entitled A Neglected Fact in English History, London, 1864. The author presents learned and ingenious arguments in favour of the continuance of Roman civilisation in England, but he relies too much on general analogies. See Freeman's criticism in Macmillan's Magazine, July, 1870. 1299. EcKERDT, Hermann. De origine urbium Angliae. Konigsberg, 1859. pp. 31. Deals mainly with the cities of Roman Britain. 1300. Giles, J. A. History of the ancient Britons [especially from 55 B.C. to A.D. 449]. 2 vols. London, 1847. Vol. ii. contains excerpts from the Greek and Roman writers and from Bede ; the texts of Gildas, Nennius, Richard of Cirencester (De Situ Britannise), and two lives of Gildas ; and inscriptions. 1301. Haverfield, Francis. Early British Christianity [i.e. Christianity in Roman Britain]. E?iglish Hist. Revieiu, xi. 417-30. London, 1896. § 31] Modern Writers 167 1302. *HoRSLEY, John. Britannia Romana, or the Roman antiquities of Britain. London, 1732. Bk, iii. Ptolemy's Geography, Anto- nine's Itinerary, Notitia Dignitatum, Anonymous Ravennas, and Peut- Bk. i. History of Roman Britain, Roman walls, etc. Bk. ii. Roman inscriptions and sculp- tures (76 plates). inger's Table, so far as they relate to Britain, with essays thereon. 1303. *HtJBNER, Emil. Das romische Hear in Britannien. Hermes: Zeitschrift fiir Classische Philologie^ xvi. 513-84. Berlin, 1881. The same subject is considered in his essay entitled, Eine Romische Annexion, in Deutsche Rundschau, 1S7S, xv. 221-52 ; translated by Thomas Hodgkin, Soc. of Antiq. of Newcastle, Archseologia /Eliana, 1886, xi. 82-116. This essay was expanded in Hubner's Romische Herrschaft in Westeuropa (Berlin, 1890), 3-68. 1304. Lewin, Thomas. The invasion of Britain by Julius Caesar. London, 1859. 2nd edition, 1862. 1305. Merivale, Charles. History of the Romans under the empire. 7 vols. London, 1850-64. New [4thJ edition, 8 vols., 1865. For Britain, see especially chs. x., li., Ixi., Ixvi. 1306. Mommsen, Theodor. Romische Geschichte. Vols, i.- iii., V. Berlin, 1854-85; 8th edition of vols, i.-iii., 1888-89. — 4th edition of vol. v. : Die Provinzen von Caesar bis Diocletian, 1894. Translated by,W. P. Dickson : History of Rome ; the provinces from Caesar to Diocletian. 2 vols. London, 1886. Bk. viii. ch. v. Britain. 1307. Napoleon IH. Histoire de Jules Cesar. 2 vols, and atlas. Paris, 1865-66. — Translated [by Thomas Wright] : History of Julius Csesar. 2 vols, and atlas. London, [1865-66]. Bk. iii. chs. vii.-viii. Caesar's invasions of England. 1308. Pogatscher, Alois. Zur Lautlehre der Lehnworte im Altenglischen. Strasburg, 1888. He contends that Britain was thoroughly Romanised, that the language spoken was Latin, and that this language survived in England after the with- drawal of the Romans. He believes that thus many Latin derivatives were early introduced into English. i68 The Romans in Britain 1309. Roy, William. The military antiquities of the Romans in Britain. Soc. of Antiq. of Londofi. London, 1793. 51 large plates. Valuable. 1310. ScARTH, H. M. Roman Britain. London, etc., [1883]. A good popular account. 1311. Thackeray, Francis. Researches into the ecclesiastical and political state of ancient Britain under the emperors. 2 vols. London, 1843. 1312. Vine, F. T. Csesar in Kent. Edinburgh, 1886, 2nd edition, London, 1887. 1313. Watkin, W. T. The Roman forces in Britain. Royal Archceol. Institute of Great Britain, Archsol. Journal, xli. 244-71. London, 1884. 169 Chapter III THE EARLY GERMANS To understand early English history it is necessary to study German institutions as they existed before the Saxons and the Angles invaded England. Whatever concessions may be made to the advo- cates of the theory of Celtic and Roman survivals in England (see the preliminary notes to §§ 28, 31), a substantial Germanic element will remain at the base of the English constitution. The school of ' Germanists,' or writers who believe in the Teutonic origin of English institutions, includes Stubbs, Freeman, Green, Gneist, Maitland, Pollock, Vinogradoff, and many others. § 32. SOURCES : THE GERMANIA OF TACITUS, ETC. The central point of the study of the early Germans is the Ger- mania of Tacitus, which is supplemented by his Annals and Histories, by Csesar's Commentaries, and by some passages in other classical authors, notably Strabo, Pliny the Elder, Ptolemy, Dion Cassius, and Ammianus Marcellinus. Many of these passages are printed in MiillenhofiPs Germania Antiqua (No. 13 18), and in Alex- ander Riese's Das Rheinische Germanien in der Antiken Litteratur, Leipsic, 1892. They are translated in vols, i.-ii. of Die Geschicht- schreiber der Deutschen Vorzeit, ed. G. H. Pertz and others, Berlin, 1849-79 '} 2nd edition, by W. Wattenbach, Leipsic, 1884. There is a good short account of the principal sources in Fustel's Institutions (No. 1330), ii. 226-47. The best edition of the text of the Germania is MiillenhofTs, and he has also written the best commentary (Nos. 13 18, 1340). The most elaborate commentary is Baumstark's (No. 1314); the brief commentaries of Furneaux, Schweizer-Sidler, and Holtzmann (Nos. 1315-16, 13 19) are also useful. There is a good English translation of the Germania by A. J. Church and W. J. Brodribb, entitled The Agricola and Germany of Tacitus, London, 1868. lyo The Early Germans [part n For inscriptions, archaeological remains, and other sources, see Dahlmann-Waitz, Quellenkunde (No. 28), 6th edition, 70-73, 151-76. 1314. Baumstark, D. Anton. Ausfiihrliche Erlauterung der Germania. 2 pts. Leipsic, 1875-80. A very full commentary, which is marred by its polemical character. An earlier work by the same author is entitled, Urdeutsche Staatsalterthiimer zur Erlauterung der Germania des Tacitus, Berlin, 1S73. 1315. Cornelii Taciti De Germania, ed. Henry Furneaux. Oxford, 1894. The best English commentary. Furneaux has also produced an excellent edition of the Annals of Tacitus, 2 vols., Oxford, 1884-91. 1316. Cornelii Taciti Germania, ed. Heinrich Schweizer-Sidler. Halle, 187 1. 5th edition, 1890. An excellent abridged edition of No. 1322. 1317. Geffroy, Auguste. Rome et les barbares : etude sur la Germanic de Tacite. Paris, 1874. 2nd edition, 1874. The best work in French on the Germania of Tacitus. 1318. Germania antiqua, ed. Karl Miillenhoff. Berlin, 1873. The Germania of Tacitus, I-46. See No. 1340. Excerpts from Mela, Pliny, Ptolemy, Strabo, etc., 47-169. 1319. HoLTZMANN, Adolf. Gcmianische Alterthiimer, mit Text, Uebersetzung, und Erklarung von Tacitus's Germania. Leipsic, 1873. 1320. Latham, R. G. The Germania of Tacitus, with ethno- logical dissertations. London, 1851. 1321. Life of Agricola and Germany by Tacitus, ed. W. F. Allen. Boston, 1882. 1322. P. Cornelii Taciti De situ ac populis Germanise liber, ed. J. C. Orelli. Zurich, 1848. — 2nd edition, by H. Schweizer-Sidler, Berlin, 1877. See No. 1316. 1322 a. ScHAUFFLER, Theodor. Zeugnissc zur Germania des Tacitus aus der altnordischen und angelsachsischen Dichtung. Ulm, 1898. pp. 23. 1323. Tacitus' Germania, ed. Unic Zernial. Berlin, 1890. § 33] Modern Writers 171 § 33. MODERN WRITERS. The best general work on early Germanic institutions is that of Waitz : No. 1346. For additions to the list of books given below, see Jahresberichte, Dahlmann-Waitz, and Brunner : Nos. 22, 28, 1326. See also Nos. 1506, 1509, 1519. Von Maurer's mark theory (No. 1337), of which ch. xxvi. of the Germania is the battle-ground, has evoked much discussion. His chief opponents are Fustel, Ross, and Seebohm : Nos. 1331, 1341, 1562. On this subject, see also Nos. 1327, 1333, 1336, 1338; and the works of Andrews, Gomme, and Maine, in § 44 a. Meitzen (No. 1338) has recently thrown new light on the early agrarian system. 1324. Allen, AV. F. Essays and monographs. Boston, 1890. The primitive democracy of the Ger- I Primitive communities, 231-9. mans, 215-30. 1325. Arnold, Wilhelm. Deutsche Urzeit. Gotha, 1879. 3rd edition, 1881. 1326. Brunner, Heinrich. Deutsche Rechtsgeschichte. 2 vols. Leipsic, 1887-92. Early Germans, i. I-184. A good short account. 1327. Bry.\n, E. a. The mark in Europe and America. Berlin, 1893. Gives an account of the literature of the mark controversy. 1328. Dahn, Felix. Geschichte der deutschen Urzeit. 2 vols. Gotha, 1883-88. See also his Konige der Germanen, 8 vols., Munich, 1861-99; and his Bausteine, 6 series, Berlin, 1879-84. 1329. Erhardt, Louis. Aelteste germanische Staatenbildung. Leipsic, 1879. pp. 81. 1330. Fustel de Coulanges, N. D. Histoire des institutions politiques de I'ancienne France. 6 vols. Paris, 1888-92. Vol. ii. bk. ii. contains an interesting account of early Germanic institutions. The author also deals with this subject in his Recherches sur quelques Problemes d'Histoire (Paris, 1885, and edition, 1894), which is reviewed by C. I. Elton in the English Historical Review, 1886, i. 427-44. 1/2 The Early Germans [paht h 1331. FusTEL DE CoULANGES, N. D. Questions historiques. Paris, 1893. Le probleme des origines de la propriety fonciere, 1 7- 117. This essay was first printed in Revue des Questions Historiques, April, 1S89, and was translated by Margaret Ashley under the title The Origin of Property in Land (London, 1 891 ; 2nd edition, 1S92). The author assails Von Maurer's views regarding the mark (No. 1337). Fustel believes that early German society rests on an aristocratic basis, and that there was no communal ownership of land among the early Gennans. For a criticism of his arguments, see Jacques Flach, Les Origines de I'Ancienne France (Paris, 1893), "• 47-62. 1332. GuMMERE, F. B. Germanic origins : a study in primitive culture. New York, 1892. 1333. Hanssen, Georg. Agrarhistorische Abhandlungen. 2 vols. Leipsic, 1880-84. One of the best authorities on early agrarian history. 1334. HiLDEBRAND, RiCHARD. Recht und Sitte auf den ver- schiedenen wirtschaftlichen Kulturstufen. Pt. i. Jena, 1896. The Germans in the time of Ccesar and Tacitus, pp. 43-139. 1335. Kaufmann, Georg. Deutsche Geschichte bis auf Karl den Grossen. 2 vols. Leipsic, 1880-81. Vol. i. Die Germanen der Urzeit. 1336. Laveleye, Emile de. De la propriete et de ses formes primitives. Paris, 1874. 4th edition, 189 1. Adopts Von Maurer's mark theory. 1337. Maurer, G. L. von. Geschichte der Markenverfassung in Deutschland. Erlangen, 1856. His views on this subject will also be found in his Einleitung zur Geschichte der Markverfassung, etc., Munich, 1854. He was the first to elaborate the theory of the mark, or the free village community with communal ownership of land, though Kemble had already applied the theory to England in 1848. Few good authorities now accept Von Maurer's extreme views, but his theory as a whole still has numerous adherents. 1338. *Meitzen, August. Siedelung und Agrarwesen der West- germanen und Ostgermanen, etc. 3 vols, and atlas. BerHn, 1895. 1339. MoMMSEN, Theodor. Romische Geschichte. Vols, i.- iii., V. Berlin, 1854-55; 8th edition of vols, i.-iii., 1888-89 ; 4th edition of vol. v., 1894. For the relations of the Germans to Rome, see especially bk. v. ch. vii. and bk. viii. ch. iv. § 33] Modern Writers 173 1340. *MuLLENHOFF, Karl. Deutsche Alterthumskunde. Vols, i.-v. Berlin, 1870-1900 ; new edition of vol. i., 1890. Valuable, especially for the sUidy of German ethnology. Vol. iv. , published in 1898- 1900 : Die Germania des Tacitus (the best commentary). 1341. Ross, D. W. The early history of landholding among the Germans. Boston, 1883. He believes that the early land system was based upon the principle of private property, and not upon any principle of collectivity or communalism. 1342. Schroder, Richard. Lehrbuch der deutschen Rechts- geschichte. Leipsic, 1889. 3rd edition, 1898. Die germanische Urzeit, 10-87. 1343. SicKEL, WiLHELM. Der deutsche Freistaat. Halle, 1879. 1344. Sybel, Heinrich von. Entstehung des deutschen Kdnig- thums. Frankfort, 1844. 2nd edition, 1881. 1345. Thudicum, Friedrich. Der altdeutsche Staat, mit Uebersetzung and Erklarung der Germania des Tacitus. Giessen, 1862. 1346. *Waitz, Georg. Deutsche Verfassungsgeschichte. Vol. i. : Die Verfassung des Volkes in altester Zeit. Kiel, 1844. 3rd edition, Berlin, 1880. The most complete exposition of early German institutions. 1347. Zeller, Jules. Histoire d'Allemagne. [Vol. i.] : Ori- gines d'Allemagne. Paris, 1872. 1348. Zeuss, Kaspar. Die Deutschen und die Nachbarstamme. Munich, 1837. Valuable for the study of German ethnology. Deals also with the Celts, etc., 160-209, 567-78. PART III THE ANGLO-SAXON PERIOD Chapter I ORIGINAL SOURCES Domesday Book, which is of great importance for the study of Anglo-Saxon institutions, is examined in § 50 a. §34. CHRONICLES AND ROYAL BIOGRAPHIES. For the events of the fifth and sixth centuries we must rely mainly upon the meagre information afforded by Gildas. Nennius, who has evoked so much discussion in recent years, is of little value as an historical authority, and Geoffrey of Monmouth is still less reliable. From 596 onward we have two safe guides, the two most im- portant authorities mentioned in this section, namely, Bede and the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. From them Ethelwerd (No. 1366) and the Latin chroniclers of the twelfth century, notably Florence of Wor- cester, Simeon of Durham, Henry of Huntingdon, and William of Malmesbury, derive most of their facts regarding Anglo-Saxon history ; but these later writers, especially Simeon of Durham, add some information drawn from sources not now extant. See No. 1376 ; Petrie, Monumenta (No. 537), 83-92, 522-829; Earle, Two of the Saxon Chronicles (No. 1349), pp. lix.-lxvii. Bede is the foremost exponent of Northumbrian culture, which was unequalled elsewhere in Europe in the seventh and eighth centuries ; and his Historia Ecclesiastica, with its connected narrative or grouping of facts, represents a type of historical writing quite distinct from the brief chronological memoranda of events contained in the annals or chronicles. The germinating point of the latter is to be sought in 1/6 Anglo-Saxon Period: Original Sources [part m contemporary Latin notes or jottings entered in the margins of Easter tables, a practice which began in England probably not long after the coming of Augustine and was introduced into the kingdom of the Franks by English missionaries. These chronological notes were soon copied, amplified, and continued as independent works. See Wattenbach, Geschichtsquellen (No. 33), 6th edition, i. 138-40, 148-50 ; and, for the use of Easter tables at Canterbury, Reading, and Peterborough in the eleventh and twelfth centuries, Liebermann, Geschichtsquellen (No. 586), i, 9, 13. In the elaboration of the Easter-table jottings, old popular songs and royal genealogies (No. 1368) were sometimes turned to account. Thus were produced some of the annals that were used in the earlier portions of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, which originated in southern England. To this category of annalistic works belong also four remnants of North- umbrian historiography — the Annales Lindisfarnenses, the Chrono- logia Brevissima, the Continuatio Bedae, and the lost chronicle (Nos. 1352, 1359, 1361, 1376); the Annales Cambrise, and the Annals of Tigernach (Nos. 1351, 1377). The last two are the primary authorities for Wales and Ireland respectively ; from them later writers derive much of their information regarding this period : they are, indeed, to Welsh and Irish history what the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle is to English history. Of these later derivatives the Brut y Tywysogion, the Annals of Ulster, and the Chronicon Scotorum (Nos. 1713, 1728, 1752) deserve particular mention, because, though the first is partly based upon the Annales Cambrise, and the other two upon Tigernach, they contain additional information concerning the early history of England, Ireland, and Wales. Another group of sources comprises the monastic histories of Ramse}^ Abingdon, Croyland, Ely, and Hyde (Nos. 1357-8, 137 1-3), all compiled after the Norman Conquest. They are a combination of the chartulary and the chronicle, dealing mainly with local ecclesi- astical history, but also containing some details regarding the general affairs of the kingdom and interesting illustrations of customs and institutions. Simeon's History of the Church of Durham (No. 1767) gives some valuable information regarding the secular affairs of northern England in the 9th century. Still more local in their scope are the tract on the siege of Durham and Elmham's work on Canter- bury (Nos. 1362, 1364). Of royal biographies Asser's life of Alfred is the most important. Two others are also worthy of notice, the Encomium Emmje and the contemporary Vita Edwardi (Nos. 1365, 1378) ; these are of some value for the study of political history in the eleventh century. For biographies of prelates, etc., see § 38 d. § 34] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 177 For the careers of Sweyn, Cnut, and other Danish chieftains who invaded Britain, see Adam of Bremen (No. 1356), the War of the Gaedhill (No. 1380), Langebek's Scriptores (No. 585), and the Norse sagas (§35). A more detailed enumeration of editions, and other information concerning the chroniclers of the Anglo-Saxon period, will be found in the works mentioned in § 2, especially in Potthast's Bibliotheca, the Dictionary of National Biography, and Hardy's Catalogue of Materials (Nos. 25, 39, 45); cf. Petrie's Monumenta (No. 537), preface. 1349. *Anglo-Saxon chronicle (The). Chronicon Saxonicum, ed. Edmund Gibson. Oxford, 1692. — The Saxon chronicle, with an English translation, ed. James Ingram. London, 1823. — Edited, with a translation, in Petrie's Monumenta (No. 537), 291-466. London, 1848. — The Anglo-Saxon chronicle, with a translation, ed. Benjamin Thorpe. Rolls Series. 2 vols. London, 186 1. — Two of the Saxon chronicles parallel, ed. John Earle. Oxford, 1865. — The same, ed. Charles Plummer, on the basis of Earle's edition. 2 vols. Oxford, 1892-99. This is the best edition. — Translated by J. A. Giles, 1847, and J. Stevenson, 1853 : Nos. 574, 597. This is the oldest historical work written in any Germanic language, and is the basis of most of our knowledge of Anglo-Saxon history from the year 732 onward. The MSS., with the periods which they cover, are : — A = Corpus Christi college, Cambridge, clxxiii. (B.C. 60-A.D. 1070). B = Cotton, Tib. A. vi. (Incarnation-A.D. 977). C = Cotton, Tib. B. i. (b.c. 6o-a.d. 1066). D = Cotton, Tib. B. iv. (Inc.-A.D. 1079). E = Bodleian, Laud, 636 (Inc.-A.D. 1154). F = Cotton, Domit. A. viii. (Inc.-A.D. 1058). G = Cotton, Otho, B. xi. (B.C. 60-A.D. looi). The compilation of each MS. has been identified with a religious house in southern England : hence A is called the Winchester chronicle ; B has been assigned to Canterbury ; C to Abingdon ; D to Worcester ; E to Peterborough ; F to Canterbury ; G is largely a late copy of A. The greater part of G was des- troyed in the Cottonian fire of 1731, but the whole was printed by Abraham Wheloc in 1643. The best authorities regard A as the oldest, but believe that it it is a copy of an older original of the 9th century, from which also the other MSS. (B-G) were derived directly or indirectly. Thorpe's valuable edition contains the texts of six MSS. (A_F) in parallel columns. In the introduction to Earle's edition of A and E we find for the first time a careful investigation of the structure and pedigree of all the MSS. Some writers believe that the Chronicle was first compiled in Alfred's reign and at his command ; but the researches of Earle, Grubitz, and Horst show that N 178 Anglo-Saxon Period : Original Sources [part m the Alfredian compilation was merely the continuation and expansion of older annals. As to the nature of the original nucleus or germinating point opinions diverge. The nucleus probably comprised brief contemporary Latin annals written at Winchester in the 7th and 8th centuries ; this work was continued and expanded about the year 855, and again in Alfred's reign, about 892. The annals of the first five centuries seem to have been inserted by the Alfredian compiler, who made considerable use of Bede down to 732. From Alfred's time onward the Chronicle was continued independently in different monasteries until the second half of the 12th century. This independence gradually caused so great divergence in the various IMSS. that we are justified in regarding them as a series of distinct works with a common basis, a series to which we may apply the plural designation, the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles. The best contributions to our know- ledge of this subject are those of Earle, Plummer, Grubitz, and Horst. The fullest account is Plummer's, in vol. ii. of his edition of the Chronicle ; he believes that the idea of a national chronicle as opposed to local annals was Alfred's, and that the idea was carried out under Alfred's supervision. Literature : — Grubitz, Ernst. Kritische Untersuchung liber die angelsachischen Annalen bis zum Jahre 893. Gottingen, 1868, pp. 34. (In his opinion the nucleus of the oldest part of the Chronicle comprises brief contemporary annals compiled at Canterbury and dealing with local ecclesiastical matters ; of these annals there are traces fi-om a.d. 664 to 833. In the middle of the 9th century they were continued either at Canterbury or at Winchester in the form of general annals to 855, with Wessex as the central point of interest ; and in this continuation much attention was given to the Danes and to military affairs. Probably after 870 additions were made at Winchester from B.C. 60 to a.d. 755, and from 855 onward.) Hardy, T. D. Catalogue of materials, i. 647-60. London, 1862. Horst, Karl. Zur Kritik der altenglischen Annalen. Darmstadt, 1896, pp. 39. (Praises Thorpe's edition and criticises Earle's. Believes that a compilation of annals to 865 was made, probably at Winchester, before 871, and was continued by the same writer to the close of 893. MS. C originated not at Abingdon, but in Dorset, perhaps at Sherborne.) . Beitrage zur Kenntniss der altenglischen Annalen. Englische Studien, xxiv. 1-16, xxv. 195-218, etc. Leipsic, 1897-98. (Examines the pedigree of the MSS.) Howorth, H. H. The Anglo-Saxon chronicle. Athenxnim, 1877, Sept. 8, pp. 308-10; 1879, Sept. 20, pp. 367-9; 1S80, Oct. 9, pp. 465-7 ; 1882, Aug. 12, pp. 207-8. (Believes that the Chronicle, as it has come down to us, was compiled at Winchester in the loth century ; and that the oldest MS. is B, not A.) Kupferschmidt, Max. Ueber das Handschriftenverhaltniss der Winches- ter-Annalen. Englische Studien, xiii. 165-87. Heilbronn, 1889. (Deals with the relations of the MSS. to each other and to the lost original.) Pauli, Reinhold. Two of the Saxon chronicles parallel [a review of Earle's edition]. Gottingische Gelehrte Anzeigen, 1866, ii. 1406-23. Gottingen, t866. § 34] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 179 SCHMID, Reinhold. Die Chroniken der Angelsachsen [a review of Ingram's edition]. Hermes, oder Krit. Jahrbuch der Literatur, xxx. 286-314. Leipsic, 1828. Theopold, Ludwig. Kritische Untersuchungen iiber die Quellen zur angelsachsischen Geschichte des achten Jahrhunderts, 1-70. Lemgo, 1872. (Criticises the chronology of the Chronicle : all dates from 754 to S28 are two years too early ; from 829 to 839 they are three years too early. ) 1350. Annales Anglosaxonici breves, a.d. 925-1202, ed. Felix Liebermann, Ungedruckte Geschichtsquellen, 1-8. Strasburg, 1879. Brief notices of events written in Anglo-Saxon to 1 109, with a Latin continu- ation to 1202 ; compiled by monks of St. Augustine, Canterbury; begun late in the nth century and continued by various hands. 1351. * Annales Cambrice [a.d. 444-954, with a continuation to 1288], ed. John Williams ab Ithel. Rolls Series. London, i860. — The part a.d. 444-1066, in Petrie's Monumenta (No. 537), 830-40. London, 1848. — Best edition: The Annales Cambriae [a.d. 457- 954] and old Welsh genealogies, ed. Egerton Phillimore, Soc. of Cymmrodorion^ Y Cymmrodor, ix. 141-83. London, 1888, This is the best authority for early Welsh history, and seemingly the basis for all later chronicles of Wales. It was compiled about 954, probably at St. Davids, and perhaps by Blegewyrd, archdeacon of Llandaff. The earlier portion seems to be derived from an Irish chronicle. Though the work deals mainly with Wales, it contains some brief but valuable notices of English events from a. d. 597 onward. The latter part of the continuation was probably written in the monastery of Strata Florida. In the editions of 1848 and i860 the Annales have been amal- gamated with two much later chronicles. 1352. Annales Lindisfarnenses [a.d. 532-993] et annales Dunel- menses [a.d. 995-1199], ed. Pertz, in Monumenta Germ. Hist., Scriptores (No. 594), xix. 502-8. Hanover, 1866. These brief northern annals were discovered by Pertz at Glasgow in 1862. They were compiled at different times by various persons. Pertz's view, that they are contemporary annals and that they were used by Simeon of Durham, is com- bated by L. Theopold, Kritische Untersuchungen (Lemgo, 1872), 71-73. For other remains of early Northumbrian historiography, see No. 1376. 1353. Annals of Ireland : three fragments copied from ancient sources by Dubhaltach Mac Firbisigh [Irish text, with a translation], ed. John O'Donovan. Irish Archceol. and Celtic Soc. Dublin, i860. The age of the MS. from which these annals were copied is not known. They extend from about A.D. 573 to 913, and dwell especially upon the military achievements of the princes of the territory of Ossory and Leix. N 2 i8o Anglo-Saxon Period: Original Sources [pabtih 1354. *AssER {d. circa 909). Annales rerum gestarum Alfred! Magni, ed. Francis Wise. Oxford 1722. — Also in Petrie's Monu- menta (No. 537), 467-98; based on Wise's edition. London, 1848. — Other editions: by Parker, 1574; by Camden, 1602 and 1603 : Nos. 576, 593. — New edition in preparation by W. H. Stevenson. — Translated by J. A. Giles, 1848, J. Stevenson, 1854, and E. Cony- beare, 1900: Nos. 574, 597, 1523 a. Asser, a monk of St. Davids, went to the court of Alfred about 8S4 to assist the king in his studies, and a few years later he was made bishop of Sherborne. His life of Alfred, compiled about 894, consists of two parts : (i) a narrative of events, a.d. 849-887, drawn mainly from the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle ; (2) an ac- count of Alfred's career to 893, based on the author's personal observations. Howorth and Wright regard the work as spurious, but most scholars consider it trustworthy and valuable, though it doubtless contains many later interpolations. The only existing MS. was destroyed in the Cottonian fire of 1731. Literature : — Howorth, H. H. Asser's life of Alfred. Athenaeum, 1876, March 25, p. 425 ; May 27, p. 727 ; Sept. 2, p. 307 ; 1877, Aug. 4, p. 145. (Regards the Annales as a work ' honeycombed with blunders and inconsistencies,' written early in the 1 1 th centurj^. Answered by William Clifford, ibid., 1876, June 24, p. 859. The controversy was started by Howorth's letter, ibid., 1876, Jan. 15, p. 88.) Pauli, Reinhold. Konig Alfred, 4-16. Berlin, 1S51. (Refutes Wright's arguments.) The real Alfred. London Times, 1898, March 17, p. 8. (Contends that the work ascribed to Asser is a spurious compilation of the 12th century.) Wright, Thomas. Some historical doubts relating to the biographer Asser. Soc. of Antiq. of London, Archteologia, xxix. 192-201. London, 1842. See also his Biographia Britannica, 1842, i. 405-13 ; and his Essays on AjchKological Subjects, 1861, i. 172-85. (Doubts the authenticity of Asser's biography.) 1355. *Bede, or Beda (672 or 673-735). Venerabilis Bedae Historise ecclesiasticae gentis Anglorum libri quinque, ed. John Smith. Cambridge, 1722. — Other editions : by Joseph Stevenson, English Hist. Soc, London, 1838 ; J. A. Giles, with a translation, 2 vols., London, 1843; Robert Hussey, Oxford, 1846; Petrie, Monumenta (No. 537), 103-289, London, 1848 ; G. H. Moberly, Oxford, 1869, reprinted, 1881 ; bks. iii.-iv., J. E. B. Mayor and J. R. Lumby, Cambridge, etc., 1878, 3rd edition, 1881 ; Alfred Holder, Freiburg, etc., 1882, 2nd edition, 1890 ; Charles Plummer, 2 vols., Oxford, 1896 (the best edition). — Translated by J. A. Giles, 1840 (cf. Nos. 574, 582-3); by J. Stevenson, 1853 (No. 597); and by §34] Chronicles AND Royal Biographies i8i Lewis Gidley, London, 1870. — The old English version of Bede's Ecclesiastical history, with a translation, ed. Thomas Miller. Early English Text Soc. 2 pts. London, i89o-[9i]. — For other editions and translations, see Potthast, Bibliotheca, i. 138-9. Bede, one of the most eminent historians of medieval Europe, was probably born at or near Wearmouth, and spent most of his life in the monastery of Jarrow on the banks of the Tyne. The most important of his works is the Historia Ecclesiastica, extending from B.C. 55 to A.D. 731, the date of its compilation. The brief account of British history to 596, in bk. i., is derived mainly from Orosius and Gildas. From 597 to 731 the narrative is based upon written documents and verbal communications. For the secular as well as the ecclesi- astical events of those years it is our only authentic source, the source from which all later writers obtain their information. The oldest and best MSS. are the More iMS. (called M), in the Cambridge University library, and two in the British Museum, namely. Cotton, Tiber. A. xiv. ( = B) and Cotton, Tiber. C. ii. ( = C). Smith's excellent text was based upon these three eighth-century MSS., especially upon M, and was adopted with few corrections by subsequent editors ; hence little was done for the textual criticism of Bede from 1722 to 1896. Plummer's text is now the best : he has carefully collated the oldest MSS., attaching considerable value to C as well as to M. This is the first critical edition since Smith's, and the only one which exhibits the various readings of the older j\ISS. Vol. ii. consists mainly of valuable notes. For Bede's complete works, see Nos. 1448-51. The best accounts of his life and writings will be found in Plummer's edition of the Historia Ecclesiastica and in Werner's Beda. Literature : — Browne, G. F. The Venerable Bede. London, 1887. (A popular account.) Ebert, Adolf. Geschichte der Literatur des iMittelalters, i. 634-50. Leipsic, 1889. (Translated in Mayor and Lumby's edition of the Historia Ecclesiastica, 1-16.) Gehle, Hendrik. Disputatio historico-theologica de Bedae Venerabilis vita et scriptis. Leyden, 1838, pp. 113. Hahn, H. Die Continuatio Bedce. Forschungen zur Deutschen Geschichte, XX. 553-69. Gottingen, iSSo. (See No. 1361.) SCHOELL, C. W. De ecclesiastics; Britonum Scotorumque historic fontibus, 20-29. Berlin, 1851. (Deals with bk. i. of the Historia Ecclesiastica.) Werner, Karl. Beda und seine Zeit. Vienna, 1875 ; new edition, 1881. (Valuable.) Wright, Thomas. Biographia Britannica, i. 263-88. London, 1842. 1356. Bremen, Adam of {d. circa 1076). Gesta Hammen- burgensis ecclesise pontificuni, ed. J. M. Lappenberg, in Pertz's Scriptores (No. 594), vii. 267-389. Hanover, 1846. The same edition in octavo, 1846; 2nd edition, 1876. A reliable history of the archbishopric of Bremen and Hamburg, including also much information concerning Scandinavia and northwest Germany, A.D. 1 82 Anglo-Saxon Period: Original Sources [part m 788-1072 ; compiled in 1075. Contains some valuable details regarding the rela- tions of the Danes to England, especially in the iith century. See Potthast, Bibliotheca, i. 10-12. 1357. Chronicon abbatise Rameseiensis [circa a. d. 924-1200,111 four parts], ed. W. D. Macray. Rolls Series. London, 1886. — Pts. i.-iii., ed. Gale, Scriptores XV., 385-462. Oxford, 1691. Probably compiled in 1170, some of the matter in pt. iv. having been added later. It is commonly cited as the Historia Rameseiensis ; the unknown author calls it Liber Benefactorum Ecclesire Rameseiensis. Pts. i.-iii., extending to 1066, comprise the story of the foundation of the [abbey, the life of St. Oswald, and charters of lands granted to Ramsey, together with some notices of public events. Pt. iv. is little more than a register of legal documents ; it contains many charters conveying lands to the abbey, a.d. 974 to circa 1200. The work affords many illustrations of legal customs. App. iv., pp. 36S-41 7, of Macray's edition also contains a letter-book of Abbot John de Sautre, a.d. 1285-1316, and ex- tracts from a register of the letters of Abbot Simon de Eye, A.D. 1317-32. 1357 a. Chronicon fani Sancti Neoti sive Annales Asserii [b.c. 60-A.D. 914], ed. Thomas Gale, Scriptores XV., 141-75. Oxford, 1691. These annals (probably compiled in the 12th century) are in part derived from Asser's life of Alfred, and hence were formerly assigned to Asser. ' Of little value in themselves for history . . . they are of great importance for the criticism of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, for, while founded largely on that Chronicle, they have preserved the true chronolog)', which in all our MSS. is dis- jointed' : Plummer, Two Saxon Chronicles, vol. ii. p. ciii. 1358. Chronicon monasterii de Abingdon [a.d. 201-1189], ed. Joseph Stevenson. Rolls Series. 2 vols. London, 1858. The oldest MS. belongs to the first half of the 13th century. The earlier and larger portion of the chronicle is mainly a transcript of the title-deeds of the abbey, A.D. 687-1066, with some narrative. After 1066 we find fewer charters and more narrative. The documents embodied in this work illustrate political and ecclesi- astical history, institutional life, and the social condition of the people. The nar- rative portions, though dealing mainly with the monaster}', also give some infor- mation concerning the general aiTairs of the kingdom. 1359. Chronologia brevissima ad Northanhymbros spectans, a.d. 547-737, in Petrie's Monumenta (No. 537), 290. London, 1848. A few lines containing scanty chronological notes, recording the length of the reigns of several Northumbrian kings and the dates of certain other events. Most of the compilation is derived from Bede's Historia Ecclesiastica. Petrie believes that it may have been written in 737, but this conclusion is doubted by Hardy, Catalogue of Materials, i. 464. § 3i] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 183 1360. Cirencester, Richard of (d. circa 1401). Speculum historiale de gestis regum Anglise [a.d. 447-1066], ed. J. E. B. ISIayor. J?o//s Series. 2 vols. London, 1863-69. A careless compilation of little value, derived from Bede, Geoffrey of Mon- mouth, Roger of Wendover, and other chroniclers. Bk. iv. is devoted to Edward the Confessor. The author was a monk of Westminster. For the forgery, entitled De Situ Britannise, attributed to him, see No. 1277. 1361. Continuatio Bedse. Printed at the end of most of the editions of Bede's Historia Ecclesiastica (No. 1355): for example, Smith's, 223-4; Stevenson's, ii. 256-8; Hussey's, 313-15; Petrie's, 288-9 ; Plummer's, i. 361-3. This continuation of Bede's Historia Ecclesiastica, often called Appendix ad Bedam, comprises brief but valuable memoranda, which extend from A.D. 731 to 766 and relate mainly to Northumbrian affairs. The earliest MS. is of the 1 2th century. The tract seems to have been compiled contemporaneously with the events which it records. It has been conjectured that the part to 734 was written by Bede, and the rest by Egbert, archbishop of York. See H. Hahn, Die Continuatio Bed^, in Forschungen zur Deutschen Geschichte, 1880, xx. 553-69 ; and No. 1376. 1362. De obsessione Dunelmi et de probitate Uchtredi comitis, ed. J. H. Hinde, Symeonis Dunelmensis Opera et Collectanea, i. 154-7. Surtees Soc. London, etc., 1868. — Other editions: Twysden, Scriptores X., 79-82, London, 1652 ; Thomas Arnold, Symeonis Monachi Opera, i. 215-20, Rolls Series, 1882. — Translated by Joseph Stevenson, Church Historians of England, iii. pt. ii. 765-8. London, 1855- This short tract has been attributed to Simeon of Durham, but it was probably written circa 1090 by an unknown author. It depicts the prowess of Uchtred, earl of Northumbria, in connexion with the siege of Durham by the Scots in 969 ( 1006 ?) ; and it gives information regarding the earls who succeeded him down to the time of the Norman Conquest. It also throws some light on the usages and manners of northern England in the nth century. See Hinde"s edition, pp. xxix.-xxx. ; Hardy, Catalogue of Materials, i. 569. The date of the siege as it stands in the tract, A.D. 969, is clearly erroneous. Hinde believes that it is a mistake for 999, while Freeman, Norman Conquest, i. 328, declares that the correct date is 1006. 1363. Be primo Saxonum adventu sive de eorundem regibus libellus, ed. J. H. Hinde, Symeonis Dunelmensis Opera et Collectanea, i. 202-1 5. Surtees Soc. London, etc., 1868. — Also ed. Thomas Arnold, Symeonis Monachi Opera, ii. 365-84. Rolls Series. London, 1885. This compilation has been ascribed to Simeon of Durham, but it was probably written in 11 38 or 1139, after Simeon's death. It gives a brief account of the 1 84 Anglo-Saxon Period: Original Sources [part m kings of Kent, East Anglia, Essex, Mercia, Wessex (to Henry I. ), Bernicia, Northumbria, and Deira, together with a sketch of the earls of Northumbria and the bishops of Canterbury, York, and Durham. The portion relating to North- umbria contains particulars not met with elsewhere, probably derived from authorities which no longer exist. See Hinde's edition, pp. xlv.-lv. 1364. Elmham, Thomas of (d. circa 1440). Historia monasterii S. Augustini Cantuariensis [a.d. 597-1 191], ed. Charles Hardwick. J?o//s Series. London, 1858. Compiled in 1414, probably by Thomas of Elmham, a monk of St. Augustine's. The portion of the work actually completed covers the years 597-806, while the rest of the volume is made up of rough materials for the projected continuation of the history, such as charters and bulls (many of them spurious) relating to the abbey, from about 1066 to 1191. The author passes with facility from the history of St. Augustine's to that of the Anglo-Saxon church in general, and the net result of his labour is little more than a painstaking compilation. He made free use of Bede, William of Malmesbury, and other well-known sources. For his other writings, see No. 1769. 1365. Encomium Emmae, ed. Pertz, in Monumenta Germ. Hist, Scriptores (No. 594), xix. 509-25, under the title, Cnutonis regis gesta sive Encomium Emm^e. Hanover, 1866. This is the best edition. — Other editions : by Duchesne, 1619; Langebek, 1773; London, 1783; Maseres, 1807; and Migne, Patrologia, 1853, vol. cxli. : see § 16 a. This is a contemporary source, compiled by a monk of St. Bertin and cover- ing the years 1012-42. The writer dedicates his work to Emma, wife of Ethel- red II. and Cnut, and dwells particularly upon the exploits of the Danish king. Though of some importance, it should be used cautiously, for it often sets forth events inaccurately and imperfectly. See Hardy, Catalogue of Materials, i. 627-30, ii. i-s. 1366. Ethelwerd (d. 998?). Fabii Ethelwerdi Chronicorum libri quatuor, in Petrie's Monumenta (No. 537), 499-521. London, 1848. — Alsoed.Savile, Scriptores, 473-83. London, 1596; reprinted, Frankfort, 1601. — Translated by J. A. Giles, 1848, and J. Stevenson, 1854: Nos. 574, 597. The author was probably an alderman, and he says that he was a descendant {'pronepos') of King Ethelred I., brother of King Alfred. His work is the only Latin chronicle that bridges the gap of two centuries between Asser and Florence of Worcester. It extends from the creation to a.d. 975, and is an abridgment of Bede's Historia Ecclesiastica and the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, with some small additions for the years 892-975. Its chief value lies in the fact that it represents a copy of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle which no longer exists. The only extant MS. was destroyed in the Cottonian fire of 173 1. § 31] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 185 Literature : — • Hardy, T. D. Catalogue of materials, i. 571-4. London, 1S62. HowoRTH, H. H. Ethelwerd and Asser. Athenseum, 1877, Aug. 4, p. 145- [Riley, H. T.] The chronicle of Fabius Ethelwerd. Gentleman's Maga- zine, 1857, cciii. 120-31. 1367. Flann Mainistreach (d. 1056). Synchronisms. Photo- lithographed facsimile in Robert Atkinson's Book of Ballymote, 11-14. Royal Irish Academy. Dubhn, 1887. — Extracts in W. F. Skene's Chronicles of the Picts and Scots, 18-22, 119. H. M. Register House, Edinburgh, 1867. In this tract, which is written in Irish, Flann compares or synchronises the chronology of Ireland with that of other countries, giving careful lists of Irish kings, together with the names of contemporar}' monarchs who reigned elsewhere. The work, with its continuation, extends from the creation to 1119. Flann also wrote some historical poems. See E. O'Curry, Lectures on MS. Materials of Irish History (Dublin, 1861), 53-57. 1368. Genealogia regum. Royal genealogies and lists of English kings were compiled probably as early as the 7th or Sth century, and seem to have been turned to account in the Anglo- Saxon Chronicle. Genealogies of the kings of northern and eastern England in IMS. Cotton, Vespasian B. vi. fol. 108, written seemingly in Northumbria between 811 and 814, are printed in Henrj' Sweet's Oldest English Texts (London, 1885), 167-71 ; the last king mentioned is Ceonwulf, who died in 819 or 821. They resemble the genealogies embedded in Nennius's Historia Britonum, §§ 57-65 : see H. Zimmer, Nennius Vindicatus (Berlin, 1893), 74-IC6 ; R. Thurneysen, in Zeitschrift fur Deutsche Philologie, 1895, xxviii. 99-102. For Wessex we have the Genealogia Regum et Successio Regum West-Saxonum, A.D. 494-978, in Cotton, Tiber. A. iii. fol. 175, a MS. of the nth century, of which there is a facsimile in Thorpe's edition of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, London, 1S61, vol. i. plate vii. Another version is prefixed to the Corpus Christi college MS. of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle : Thorpe's edition, i. I-2 ; Earle's edition, 2-4. Both versions, together with a third, are printed in Hardy's Catalogue of Materials, i- 575-9- Genealogies of the kings of Kent, East Anglia, Mercia, Northumbria, and Wessex, probably based upon older lists, are also preserved at the end of the Chronicle of Florence of Worcester ; they are published in Petrie's Monumenta (No. 537), 627-44, 3.nd in Thorpe's edition of Florence of Worcester, i. 247-80. See Hardy, Catalogue of Materials, ii. 133 (cf. ibid., ii. 174, 250, 257) ; J. M. Kemble, Ueber die Stammtafel der Westsachsen, Munich, 1836, pp. 35. 1369. Gesta regum Britannise, ed. Francisque Michel. Cambrian Archceol. Assoc. [London], 1862. A poetical version, or free imitation in Latin verse, of Geoffrey of ^lonmouth's chronicle (No. 1374). i86 Anglo-Saxon Period: Original Sources [paet m 1370. *Gildas (d. circa 570), De excidio Britannige, ed. Joseph Stevenson. English Hist. Soc. London, 1838. — Also in Petrie's Monumenta (No. 537), 1-46. London, 1848. — Gildse sapientis De excidio et conquestu Britannia, ed. Theodor Mommsen, in Monu- menta Germ. Hist., Auctores Antiq. (No. 594), xiii. 1-85. Berlin, 1898 [1894]. This is the best edition. — Translated by J. A. Giles, 1841, 1848: Nos. 574, 582. — For other editions and translations, see Potthast, Bibliotheca, i. 525. A new edition, by Hugh Williams, has recently been published by the Society of Cymmrodorion, London, 1900. Gildas, called St. Gildas the Wise, was probably a Welsh monk, who, according to Mommsen, was born not long before 504. Little is known concern- ing his life : see the two ' Vitse ' printed with Mommsen's edition. His work, often called Liber Querulus de Excidio Britanniae, was written in Armorica. The date of its compilation is placed by Mommsen shortly before 547 ; by Hardy, in 560. In most editions it is divided into two parts, namely, the Historia (§§ 1-26), which deals briefly with the period of the Roman occupation and with the coming of the Saxons, and the Epistola (§§ 27-I10), which is a verbose jeremiad against the wickedness of the British princes and clergy ; Mommsen, however, condemns this division of the work. Though the tract contains few facts, it is valuable as the sole contemporary authority for the study of the Teutonic conquest of England. Literature : — Anscombe, Alfred. St. Gildas of Ruys and Irish regal chronology of the sixth century. [London], 1893, pp. 66. Articles by the same writer, in Academy, 1895, Sept. 14, p. 206; Sept. 28, p. 251 ; Oct. 19, p. 318; Nov. 16, p. 411. (Contends that the work is made up of two separate tracts, the Epistola, written by Gildas in 499, and the De Excidio, by an anonymous monk of Wales about 655. His arguments are refuted by E. W. B. Nicolson, in Academy, 1895, Oct. 12, p. 297, Nov. 2, p. 364; and by W. H. Stevenson, ibid., Oct. 26, p. 340, Dec. 14, p. 522.) La Borderie, Arthur de. La date de la naissance de Gildas. Revue Celtique, vi. I-13. Paris, 1883. (Believes that the date is 493.) . Etudes historiques bretonnes : Gildas et Merlin, pp. 217-372. Paris, 1884. Poste, Beale. Britannia antiqua, chs. i.-ii. London, 1857. Schoell, C. W. De ecclesiasticse Britonum Scotorumque historise fontibus, i_20. Berlin, 1851. (Believes that Gildas wrote the Epistola before 547 and the Historia in 560.) Stevenson, W. H. The date of Gildas'sDe excidio Britannia. Academy, 1895, Oct. 26, pp. 340-42 ; Dec. 14, pp. 522-4- (Refutes Anscombe's arguments. ) Wright, Thomas. Biographia Britannica, i. 115-35. London, 1842. (Doubts whether the work could have been written by a Briton.) § 34] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 187 1371. Ingulf {d. 1109). Historia Croylandensis [circa 626- 1091, with a continuation by Peter de Blois to 1 135 ; and three other continuations, 1 149-1470, 1459-86, i486], ed. William Fulman, Scriptores, 1-132, 451-593. Oxford, 1684. — Savile's edition, 1596, 1601 (No. 595), extends to 1085 and is imperfect. — The chronicle of Croyland abbey, ed. W. de Gray Birch. Wisbech, 1883. This edition closes with the year 1085, and is inferior to Fulman's. — Translated, to 1091, by J. Stevenson, 1854 (No. 597); to i486, by H. T. Riley, 1854 (No. 574). Ingulf, abbot of Croyland, was one of the secretaries or chancery clerks of William the Conqueror. The Historia Croylandensis, also called Descriptio compilata per Dominum Ingulphum, contains, in addition to the history of the abbey and numerous spurious charters, many particulars concerning the affairs of the kingdom. It used to be regarded as a work of great historical value, but it is now known to be a forgery. In 1824 Palgrave declared that it was a ' mere monkish invention,' and his view has been confirmed by the investigations of Riley, Hardy, Liebermann, and Searle. Though their arguments seem to be conclusive, Birch refuses to accept them. Liebermann believes that the fabrica- tion dates from about the middle of the 14th century, whereas Riley assigns it to about A.D. 14 1 4. The work was probably written by a monk of Croyland to forward the interests of the abbey in connection with some lawsuit, the spurious charters forming the real nucleus of the compilation. The discovery that it was a forgery ' necessitated the revision of every standard book on early English history : ' Stubbs, Lectures, 46. Liebermann shows that the continuation to 1 135, which is extant only to 11 17 and professes to have been written by Peter of Blois, is also a forgery of the 14th century. The other continuations are genuine works of considerable value : see No. 1798. Literatui'C : — English, H. S. Croyland and Burgh. 3 vols. London, 187 1. (Believes that the History is a mutilated edition of a genuine work written by Ingulf. ) Hardy, T. D. Catalogue of materials, ii. 58-64, 128-9. London, 1865. Liebermann, Felix. Ueber ostenglische Geschichtsquellen des 12., 13., 14. Jahrhunderts, besonders den falschen Ingulf. Gesellsch. fur altera Deutsche Gesch., Neues Archiv, xviii. 225-67. Hanover, etc., 1893. (A masterly exposition of the forgery.) [Palgrave, Francis.] Anglo-Saxon history. Quarterly Review, xxxiv. 289-98. London, 1826. Riley, H. T. The history and charters of Ingulfus. Royal Archzeol. Insti- tute of Great Britain, Archceol. Journal, xix. 32-49, 114-33. London, 1862. Searle, W. G. Ingulf and the Historia Croylandensis. Cambridge Antiq. Soc. Cambridge, 1894. 1 88 Anglo-Saxon Period: Original Sources [part m 1372. Liber Eliensis, ed. D. J. Stewart. Bks. i.-ii. Anglia Christiana Soc. London, 1848. This is the best edition. — Bk. i. and part of bk. ii., to 1066, ed. Gale, Scriptores XV., 463-523. Ox- ford, 1691. — An epitome of bks. i.-iii., in Wharton's Anglia Sacra, i. 593-630; continuations to 1554, ibid., i. 631-77. London, 1691. Compiled by Thomas, a monk of Ely, who died not long after 11 74. Gale and Wharton print it under the title Historia Eliensis. Bk. i. extends from circa 499 to circa 970, bk. ii. to 1 107, bk. iii. to 1 169. Bk. ii. seems to be based on a work undertaken by Richard, a monk of Ely, at the request of Bishop Hervey (1 108-31), and bk. iii. was seemingly begun by Richard, prior of Ely, who flourished in the middle of the 12th century; but there is much uncertainty re- garding the portions written by the two Richards. The Book of Ely contains a history of the abbey (interspersed with charters), together with some allusions to the general affairs of the kingdom and an account of certain pleas in the local public courts. Literature : — Bateson, Mary. Thomas of Ely. Dictionary of National Biography, Ivi. 173-4. London, 1898. Hardy, T. D. Catalogue of materials, i. 278-80, 590-91 ; ii. 104-7, 309> 508, 553. London, 1862-65. Stubbs, C. W. Historical memorials of Ely cathedral, 54-66. London, 1897. (Contains the rubrics of bk. iii.) 1373. Liber monasterii de Hyda, comprising a chronicle of the affairs of England and a chartulary of the abbey of Hyde, in Hamp- shire, A.D. 455-1023, ed. Edward Edwards. Rolls Series. London, 1866. — Translated by J. Stevenson, 1854 : No. 597. Probably compiled late in the 14th century. Chs. i.-xi. give a brief summary of the history of the heptarchic kingdoms and their union into one state. This is followed by a chronicle of each reign from Ethelwulf to Cnut. The author quotes Bede, Henry of Huntingdon, William of Malmesbury, Roger of Wendover, Hig- den, and other chronicles, some of which are not now extant. The Book of Hyde affords some information not obtainable elsewhere, especially regarding the reign of Alfred. It is a chartulary as well as a chronicle : each reign from Alfred to Ethelred the Unready has an appendix of charters relating directly or indirectly to the monastery of Hyde, some of which are not found elsewhere. Edwards, in his edition, pp. 283-321, also prints the brief Chronica Monasterii de Hida, A.D. 1035-I120, compiled in the reign of Henry I. 1374. Monmouth, Geoffrey of {d. 1154). Historia Britonum [to 689], ed. J. A. Giles. Caxton Soc. London, 1844. — Gottfried's von Monmouth Historia regum Britanniae, und Brut Tysilio, ed. San-Marte [Albert Schulz]. Halle, 1854. — Ystorya brenhined y Brytanyeit [a Welsh translation of the Historia Regum, made in the first half of the fourteenth century], ed. John Rhys and J. G. Evans, § 34] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 189 in The Red Book of Hergest, vol. ii. : The Text of the Bruts from the Red Book, 1-256. Oxford, 1890. — Translated into English by J. A. Giles, 1842, 1848 : No. 574. Geoffrey, archdeacon of Monmouth, was consecrated bishop of St. Asaph in 1 1 52. His Historia Britonum, or Historia Regum Britannise, completed in 1147, consists largely of fabulous matter ; it is ' an elaborate tissue of Celtic myths, legends, and traditions, scraps of classical and Scriptural learning, and fantastic inventions of the author's own fertile brain, all dexterously thrown into a pseudo- historical shape : ' Kate Norgate, England under the Angevin Kings, ii. 445. It is the fountain-head of medieval romance, the principal source of the legends of Merlin and Arthur, which were accepted as real history by many chroniclers from the 1 2th century onward. San-Marte believes that Geoffrey's Historia Regum is based on a Welsh brut, or chronicle, of Tysilio, a Welsh saint (fl. circa A.D. 600), but the Brut Tysilio seems to be a late translation or adaptation of Geoffrey's work. The Brut Tysilio is printed in the Myvyrian Archaiology of Wales (London, 1801), ii. 81-390 ; translated into English by Peter Roberts, The Chronicle of the Kings of Britain, London, 181 1 ; translated into German by San- Marte in his edition of the Historia Regum. Geoffrey's work is the basis of Wace's Roman de Brut and of Layamon's Brut (Nos. 1809, 1859), both of which were compiled within fifty years after Geoffrey's death. For the literature relating to Geoffrey and for the older editions of the Historia Britonum, see Dictionary of National Biography, 1890, xxi. 1 33-5 ; Potthast, Bibliotheca, i. 487-8; Hardy, Catalogue of Materials, i. 341-59- 1375. Nennius. The Historia Brittonum commonly attributed to Nennius, with an English version, ed. William Gunn. London, 1819. — Nennii Historia Britonum, ed. Joseph Stevenson. English Hist. Soc. London, 1838. — Also in Petrie's Monumenta (No. 537), 47-82. London, 1848. — Historia Brittonum cum additamentis Nennii, ed. Theodor Mommsen, in Monumenta Germ. Hist, Auc- tores Antiq. (No. 594), xiii. 11 1-98. Berlin, 1898 [1894]. This is the best edition. —There are also editions by Gale, 1691 (No. 581); Bertram, 1757 and 1758; San-Marte, 1844. — Translated from the Latin by J. A. Giles, 1841, 1848 : Nos. 574, 582. — The Irish version of the Historia Britonum of Nennius [com- piled by Gilla Coemgin about 107 1]. Edited, with a translation, by J. H. Todd. Irish Archceol. Soc. Dublin, 1848. There is much dispute regarding this work. It has been ascribed to Gildas and to an Irish bishop, Mark the Hermit, but most authorities now believe that it was compiled by an anonymous writer. Zimmer ' vindicates ' Nennius as the real author, and contends that the Historia was completed in 796 in south-east Wales. Duchesne, Mommsen, and Thurneysen believe that the oldest text was compiled before the time of Nennius, and that he simply made additions to it. The work contains a description of Britain, and deals briefly with the period of the Roman occupation, the incursions of the Picts and Scots, the arrival of the ipo Anglo-Saxon Period: Original Sources [part m Saxons, their conflict with the Britons, and genealogies of English kings to 796. As an historical source it has little value, but it is of some importance for the study of early British mythology, especially for the study of the legend of Arthur. Of the books and essays mentioned below, those of Thurneysen and Zimmer are the best. Literature : — Duchesne, L. Nennius retractatus. Revue Celtique, xv. 174-97. Paris, 1894. (Prints the text of the oldest MS., that of Chartres. Believes that the author of the original Historia, written in south Wales, is unknown, and that Nennius extended it in north Wales about 810.) La Borderie, Arthur de. Etudes historiques bretonnes : I'llistoria Britonum attribuee a Nennius. Paris, 1883. (Agrees in the main with Schoell. ) Lot, Ferdinand. Nennius et Gildas. Le Moyen Age, viii. 177-84, ix. 25-36. Paris, 1895-96. (A review of Mommsen's edition of Nennius. ) MOMMSEN, Theodor. Die Historia Brittonum und Konig Lucius. Gesellsch. fiir altere Deutsche Gesch., Neues Archiv, xix. 283-93. Hanover, 1894. POSTE, Beale. Britannia antiqua, chs. i.-ii. London, 1857. Schoell, C. W. De ecclesiasticse Britonum Scotorumque historise fontibus, 29-37. Berlin, 1851. (Contends that the Historia Britonum was written in 822 by an unknown author. ) Skene, W. F. The four ancient books of Wales, i. 37-41. Edinburgh, 1868. (Believes that the original work was written in Welsh in the 7th or 8th centurj' ; that IMark the Hermit made a Latin version in 823, and Nennius another in 858. ) Thurneysen, Rudolf. Nennius vindicatus. Zeitschrift fur Deutsch e Philologie, xxviii. 80-I13. Halle, 1895. Supplemented by the same writer's review of Mommsen's edition of Nennius, in Zeitschrift fiir Celtische Philologie, i. 157-68, Halle, 1897. (The first paper is a valuable critical review of Zimmer's book. Contends that the original nucleus of the Historia Britonum was compiled in 679 by an anonjmious author, and that the work was extended by Nennius in 826 in south-east Wales.) Zimmer, Heinrich. Nennius vindicatus ; liber Entstehung, Geschichte, und Quellen der Historia Brittonum. Berlin, 1893. (Believes that in 679 a continuation of Gildas's history was written in north Wales, which contained among other things the genealogies of English kings ; that with this as a basis Nennius in 796 compiled a new work, the Historia Britonum, in south-east Wales ; that in 810 this was revised by an unknown hand in Anglesey, and this edition, which is not now extant, was the basis of the Irish version.) 1376. Northumbrian chronicle (The). This work is not extant, but remains of it are embedded in the first portion of Simeon of Durham's Historia Regum Anglorum et Dacorum. The lost chronicle probably covered the years 732-802, in continuation of Bede's Historia Ecclesias- tica ; and it seems to have been used by some of the compilers of the Anglo- Saxon Chronicle in dealing with northern affairs. Stubbs believes that it was written in Latin early in the 9th century, under the title Gesta Veterum Northan- § 34] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 191 hymbronim, and that Alcuin maj' have been instrumental in its composition. The entries often coincide with those of the Continuatio Bedoe (No. 1361) ; both these sources supply valuable information, not found elsewhere, relating to the king- dom of Northumbria. Literature : — HiNDE, J. II. Symeonis Dunelmensis Opera, vol. i. pp. xiv.-xxv. Surtees Soc. London, etc., 1868. Pauli, Reinhold. Karl der Grosse in northumbrischen Annalen. For- schungen zur Deutschen Geschichte, xii. 137-66. Gottingen, 1872. Stubbs, William. Chronica Rogeri de Houedene, vol. i. pp. x.-xi., xxviii.-xxx. Rolls Series. London, 1868. Theopold, Ludwig. Kritische Untersuchungen iiber die Quellen zur angelsachsischen Geschichte, 70-90. Lemgo, 1872. 1377. *TiGERNACH O'Braein {d. 1088). The annals of Tiger- nach. Edited, with a translation of the Irish, by Whitley Stokes. Revue Celtique, xvi. 374-419; xvii. 6-33, 119-263, 337-420; xviii. 9-59> i5o-97> 267-303, 374-91- Paris, 1895-97. —The edition in O'Conor's Scriptores (No. 592), ii. 1-3 14, is very inaccurate. — Extracts, a.d. 501-1099, are printed in W. F. Skene's Chronicles of the Picts and Scots, 66-78, 141. Edinburgh, 1867. Tigernach was abbot of Clonmacnoise. The extant fragments of his Annals, written partly in Latin and partly in Irish, extend from the time of the prophets to 1088, with a continuation to 1 1 78; but the years 767-974 are wanting, and there are other gaps. This valuable work seems to be the source from which most of the later annalists of Ireland borrowed their materials for Irish history down to 108S. It also throws some light on the affairs of Scotland and England. See E. O'Curr}-, Lectures on the MS. Materials of Irish History (Dublin, 1861), 57-7° > Hardy, Catalogue of Materials, ii. 51. 1378. Vita Edwardi regis qui apud \Vestmonasterium requiescit, ed. H. R. Luard, Lives of Edward the Confessor, 387-435. Rolls Series. London, 1858. The only contemporary life of Edward, and a valuable source for the study of his reign. It was compiled by an unknown writer between 1066 and 1074. Other biographies of Edward are : — 1. Vita et miracula S. Edwardi, by Osbert de Clare, prior of Westminster. Written in the reign of Stephen ; it has never been printed. 2. Vita Edwardi regis, by Aelred of Rievaulx, ed. Twysden, Scriptores X. (No. 599), 369-414. Compiled about 1163 and derived almost entirely from Osbert. 3. La estoire de Seint Aedward le rei, edited, with a translation, by H. R. Luard, Lives of Edward the Confessor, 1-358 : an Anglo-French poem, written about 1245 ^"^ based mainly upon Aelred of Rievaulx. 192 Anglo-Saxon Period : Original Sources [part m 4. Vita Edwardi regis et confessoris, ed. Luard, ibid., 359-77 : a Latin poem, composed probably between 1440 and 1450, and derived from Aelred of Rievaulx. See Luard's preface ; and Hardy, Catalogue of Materials, i. 634-43. 1379. Vita Haroldi [II.]. Edited, with a translation, by W. de Gray Birch. London, 1S85. — Imperfect editions: in F. Michel's Chroniques Anglo-Normandes (No. 590), ii. 143-221, and J. A. Giles's Vita Quorundam Anglo-Saxonum {Caxton Soc, 1854), 38-95. An historical romance, of little value, probably written in 1216. See Hardy, Catalogue of Materials, i. 66S-71 ; Cochrane's Foreign Quarterly, June, 1835, PP- 309-29- 1380. War (The) of the Gaedhil with the Gaill, or the invasions of Ireland by the Danes and other Norsemen. Irish text, with trans- lations, ed. J. H. Todd. HoHs Series. London, 1867. Extends from about 795 to 1014 ; compiled from contemporary sources by some one who witnessed the exploits of Brian Boru {d. 1014). It is conjectured that the author may have been Mac Lieg, who died in 10 16. The first part gives an account of the arrival of the Norsemen in Ireland ; the second part is devoted to the history of the Munster chieftains, especially to the deeds of Brian Boru. The story is told after the manner of the Scandinavian sagas. See Douglas Hyde, Literary History of Ireland, 1899, pp. 434-42. §35. OLD NORSE SAGAS. a. Collections, Nos. 1381-5. b. Particular Sagas, Nos. 13S6-90. This literature is chiefly of Icelandic origin. A saga is a prose epic narrating the tale of a chieftain's adventures at home and abroad. The most important of these stories seem to have taken shape in the mouths of Icelanders in the eleventh century, and at first were orally recited. They were reduced to writing in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, most of them between 1140 and 1240. Those that are of interest to students of English history may be classified as follows : — 1. Icelandic family sagas, each containing the life and exploits of an Icelandic chieftain or family, mainly in the period a.d. 900-1030 (Nos. 1386, 1388). 2. Kings' sagas, memoirs of kings, chiefly of Norway (Nos. 1383-4, 1389)- 3. Sagas referring to countries other than Iceland and Norway (Nos. 1387, 1390). The sagas are valuable for the study of the Northmen in England § 35] Old Norse Sagas 193 and Ireland, especially in the tenth and eleventh centuries, but they must be used cautiously. The kings' sagas throw most light upon the doings of the Northmen in England, being filled with stories like those concerning the relations of Harold Fair- Hair to Athelstan, the exploits of Eric Blood-Axe in Northumbria, the expeditions of the two Olafs, Cnut, and Harold Hardrede to England, the forays of jarls in the British Isles, and the account of the battle of Stamford Bridge. An excellent survey of the saga literature is to be found in the prolegomena of G. Vigfusson's edition of Sturlunga Saga, 2 vols., Oxford, 1878. See also the preliminary matter in Richard Cleasby's Icelandic Dictionary, Oxford, 1874 ; the preliminary dissertation in Laing's Heimskringla (No. 1384); F. W. Horn, History of the Literature of the Scandinavian North, translated by R. B. Anderson, with a bibliography of books in English, Chicago, 1884 ; Eugen Mogk in Hermann Paul's Grundriss der Germanischen Philologie, 1893, ii. pt. i. 115-38; and F. York Powell, Saga-Growth, in Folk- Lore, 1894, v. 97-106. Two bibliographies by Theodor jNIobius are of great value : Catalogus Librorum Islandicorum et Norvegicorum, Leipsic, 1856 ; and Verzeichniss der Altnordischen Sprache und Literatur von 1855 bis 1879, Leipsic, 1880. For the recent litera- ture, see Arkiv for Nordisk Filologi, Christiania, 1883, etc. For other sources relating to the Northmen, see Nos. 585, 1380, 1477 ; and for modern works on the relations of the Northmen to England, § 42. a. COLLECTIONS. Many of the kings' sagas in their more complete form are found in old vellums of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, such as Fagrskinna, ed. C. R. Unger, Christiania, 1847 : Flateyjarbok, ed. Unger, 3 vols., 1860-68 ; Morinskinna, ed. Unger, 1867. 1381. Altnordische Saga-Bibliothek, ed. G. Cederschiold, H. Gering, and E. Mogk. Vols, i.-vii. Halle, 1892-98. 1382. Antiquitates Celto-Scandicse sive series rerum gestarum inter nationes Britannicarum insularum et gentes septentrionales : ex Snorrone, Landnamaboc, Egilli Scallagrimi-saga, Niala-saga, O. Tryggvasonar-saga, Orkneyinga-saga, Knytlinga-saga, etc., ed. James Johnstone. Copenhagen, 1786. A collection of extracts, with a Latin translation. Better texts of these sagas are now easily accessible. O 194 Anglo-Saxon Period : Original Sources [pact m 1383. *Fornmanna Sogur. 12 vols. Copenhagen, 1825-37. — Latin translation : Scripta historica Islandorum. 1 2 vols. Copen- hagen, 1828-46. A series of kings' lives, fuller than those in the Heimskringla. Vols, i.-vi. , x.-xi. include lives ofOlaf Trj'ggvason, St. Olaf, Magnus the Good, and Harold Hardrede (to 1066) ; also Knytlinga saga (to 1187). 1384. *Heimskringla af Snorre Sturlasson, ed. C. R. Unger. Christiania, [i863]-68. — Another edition, by N. Linder and K. A. Haggson (mainly a reprint of Unger's), 3 vols., Upsala, 1870-72. — Latest edition, by Finnur Jonsson, pts. i.-v., Copenhagen, 1893-97, — Translated by Samuel Laing : The Heimskringla, or chronicle of the kings of Norway. 3 vols. London, 1844 ; 2nd edition, by R. B. Anderson, 4 vols., 1889. — A better translation : The stories of the kings of Norway, called the Round World (Heimskringla), done into English by William Morris and Eirfkr Magnusson. Vols, i.-iii. London, 1893-95. — Codex Frisianus, or Fris-bok [written about 1270 ; contains a MS. of the Heimskringla], ed. C. R. Unger. Chris- tiania, 187 1. Snorri Sturlason (1178-1241), the great historian and poet, was an Icelander of good family who was prominent in the public affairs of his country. His Heimskringla — the Earth's Circle, so called from the first words in one of the manuscripts of the work — was written about 1230. It comprises abbreviated kings' sagas, interwoven with facts derived from the Kings' Book of Ari the Historian {d. 1148). The sagas of Harold Fair-Hair, the two great Olafs, Mag- nus the Good, and Harold Hardrede contain many references to English aflFairs in the loth and nth centuries. See Potthast, Bibliotheca, ii. 1024-6. 1385. Islendinga Sogur. 2 vols. Copenhagen, 1829-30. — Another series, 3 vols., 1843-75. b. PARTICULAR SAGAS. The five works mentioned below were written in the thirteenth century. For the editions and literature, see Potthast, Bibliotheca, i- 393. 699. ii- 845. 876, 882. 1386. Egil's saga, ed. Finnur Jonsson. Copenhagen, 1 886-88. — Also in Altnordische Saga-Bibliothek (No. 1381), vol. iii. Halle, 1894. — Translated by W. C. Green : The story of Egil Skallagrimsson, an Icelandic family history of the ninth and tenth centuries. London, 1893. The story of a deadly feud between a noble Icelandic family and Harold Fair- Hair and his descendants, circa A.D. 870-980. Egil was a guest at the court of § 35] Old Norse Sagas 195 King Athelstan. The saga has many interesting notices of the Northmen in England, but loo much credence should not be placed in them. 1387. Knytlinga saga, in Fornmanna Sogur (No. 1383), xi. 179- 402. Copenhagen, 1828. — Copious extracts, with a Latin transla- tion, by F. Jonsson, in Pertz's Scriptores (No. 594), xxix. 271-322. Hanover, 1892. Contains the lives of the kings of Denmark from Cnut the Great to 1187. 1388. Njal's saga, in Islendinga Sogur (No. 1385), vol. iii. Copenhagen, 1875. — Translated by G. W. Dasent : The story of Burnt Njal, or life in Iceland at the end of the tenth century. 2 vols. Edinburgh, 1861. Covers the years 970-1014 or thereabouts. Contains some valuable details regarding the battle of Clontarf and the Irish king Brian Boru {d. 1014). 1389. Olaf's saga, in Fornmanna Sogur (No. 1383), vols, i.-iii. Copenhagen, 1825-27. — Translated by John Sephton : The saga of Olaf Tryggwason, who reigned in Norway a.d. 995-1000. London, 1895. Contains many notices of English affairs, circa 9 18- 103 5. 1390. Orkneyinga saga. Edited by Gudbrand Vigfusson, with an English translation by G. W. Dasent, in Icelandic Sagas and other Historical Documents relating to the Settlements and Descents of the Northmen on the British Isles, vols. i. and iii. J^o//s Series. 4 vols. London, 1887-94. [Vols. ii. and iv. contain the Hakonar saga, A.D. 1203-64.] — The Orkneyinga saga. Translated by J. A. Hjaltalin and G. Goudie, ed. Joseph Anderson. Edinburgh, 1873. Gives an account of the conquest of the Orkneys and their subsequent history under the Norse jarls, A.D. 872-1222. § 36. LAWS. a. Collective Editions, Nos. 1391-6. d. Private Compilations (England), Nos. 1397-1409. When the Saxons and Angles settled in England all their law was probably preserved in the form of oral tradition or customs. Owing to the development of civilisation and the influence of the church, some of these customs were altered and reduced to writing. The earliest written laws appeared soon after the coming of St. o 2 196 Anglo-Saxon Period: Original Sources [part m Augustine. The enactments or dooms, recorded then and later, were made by the king and witan. They do not form an exhaustive statement or complete codification of law, but comprise those portions that were changed, amended, or newly enforced : the greater part of the law remained unwritten. The dooms relate mainly to crime, to specific offences against the peace ; no attempt is made to enunciate general legal principles. Compared with the continental folk-laws and capitularies, they are noted for their purely Germanic character or lack of intermixture with foreign law, and for the use of the vernacular language instead of Latin (the ' vetus versio,' No. 1409, which is usually printed with the Anglo-Saxon text, is a Latin translation of the twelfth century). They also cover a longer period of time, for new dooms continued to be made long after the Carolingian capitularies came to an end ; and after authentic legislation ceases in Cnut's reign, the gulf between Cnut and Glanvill is bridged by law-books, the counterparts of which were unknown to England's continental neighbours until the thirteenth century. In fact, no other Germanic nation has bequeathed to us so rich a treasure of early legal sources. The existing series of Anglo-Saxon laws extends from the reign of Ethelbe.t of Kent to that of Cnut (circa 601-1020), with a gap of about two centuries (circa 695-890), and with various additions contained in private compilations, chiefly of the eleventh and twelfth centuries . The material may be grouped as follows : — T. The dooms of Kent : those of Ethelbert, circa 601 ; Hlothaere and Eadric, circa 685 ; Wihtred, circa 695 ; in all, one hundred and thirty-four short chapters, comprising mainly tables of penalties for crimes. 2. The dooms of Ine of Wessex, 688-695. These are more important than the early laws of Kent, because they are more numerous and wider in scope, and because they are the earliest laws of Wesse.x, ' quae caput regni est et legum ' (Leges Henrici Primi, ch. Ixxxvii.). They were reissued by King Alfred, and in existing MSS. form an appendix to his laws. Alfred's dooms also refer to enactments made by Offa of Mercia (a.d. 757-796), which are not now extant. 3. The dooms of consolidated England, with Wessex as the nucleus, circa 890-1020 ; promulgated by Alfred, Edward the Elder, Athelstan, Edmund, Edgar, Ethelred, and Cnut ; comprising about five-sixths of all the authentic Anglo-Saxon laws. 4. Private compilations, most of them printed in the appendix of Schmid's edition (No. 1392). They preserve fragments of Anglo- Saxon law of which traces are not found elsewhere. Most of the § 36] Laws 197 isolated pieces regarding wergelds, ranks, oaths, ordeals, gerefa, etc., and the more extensive Rectitudines Singularum Personarum (No. 1401) seem to be unofficial customals, based upon authentic laws and compiled mainly in the eleventh century. In the twelfth century, especially in the time of Henry I., various Latin law-books were written in England, most of them by men of French birth, in order to expound the 'laga Edwardi,' i.e. the Anglo-Saxon legal system, which, as amended by William I. and Henry L, was still regarded as valid. These compilations are the the so-called Leges Henrici Primi (the most valuable of the series). Leges Edwardi Confessoris, Leges Willelmi Conquestoris or the bihngual code, the Quadripartitus (which contains a Latin translation of the old dooms, with those of Cnut in the foreground), and two other translations of Cnut's laws, namely, the Consiliatio Cnuti and the Instituta Cnuti. To these should be added Pseudo-Cnut's Constitutiones de Foresta, a forgery of Henry IL's time, and the untrustworthy Leges Anglorum of John's reign. Prominence is given to the name of Cnut in the first half of the twelfth century, because he was the last great Anglo- Saxon legislator, and because his dooms were regarded as the latest and best statement of English law. The compilations of the twelfth century add something to our knowledge of Anglo-Saxon institutions, but they must be cautiously exploited. The authentic laws, from Ethelbert to Cnut, form our most valuable category of sources for the study of the old EngHsh constitu- tion ; they throw hght upon many features of government and society. The chief repositories of the MSS. are the British Museum (Cottonian and Harleian collections). Corpus Christi college, Cam- bridge, and the Bodleian library. The MSS. are preserved in the form, not of originals, but of later copies of the eleventh and sub- sequent centuries ; the laws of Ine and Alfred are, however, extant in a MS. of the tenth century. The editions are : William Lambarde, Archaionomia, 1568, 2nd edition by Abraham Wheloc, 1644; David Wilkins, Leges Anglo-Saxonic^e, 1721 ; Thorpe, Ancient Laws, 1840 (No. 1393) ; Schmid, Gesetze, 1858 (No. 1392). Schmid's is the best edition, but Liebermann's (No. 1391), when completed, will be much better. The best account of the Anglo-Saxon dooms will be found in the introduction to Schmid's Gesetze. See also Liebermann, Zu den Gesetzen der Angelsachsen, in Zeitschrift fiir Rechtsgeschichte, 1884, xviii.. Germ. Abth., 198-226; Pollock and Maitland, English Law, 2nd edition, i. 25-28, 97-107; Palgrave, EngHsh Commonwealth, i. 42-61 ; Brunner, Sources of the Law of England, translated by W, 198 Anglo-Saxon Period : Original Sources [part m Hastie, i-io ; Pauli, Konig yElfred (Berlin, 1851), 164-76; Freeman, Norman Conquest, vol. i. app. KKK (Cnut's Leges Cas- trenses), vol. v. app. KK (Leges Willelmi and Leges Henrici Primi). Much light has been thrown upon the law-books of the twelfth century by Liebermann's scholarly brochures, which are mentioned below. For ecclesiastical laws, see § 38. a. COLLECTIVE EDITIONS. Anglo-Saxon Laws. Thorpe, Schmid, and Liebermann print the dooms of the Anglo- Saxon kings, together with most of the private compilations. All three editions contain the Latin ' vetus versio ' of the twelfth century (No. 1409) and either a German or an English translation of the Anglo-Saxon. See also The Legal Code of Alfred the Great, ed. M. H. Turk, Boston, 1893 ; R. Pauli, Ein Erlass Knuts des Grossen, in For- schungen zur Deutschen Geschichte, 1874, xiv. 390-96 ; Cnut's Leges Castrenses or Witherlags Ret, i.e. regulations regarding housecarls, in Langebek's Scriptores (No. 585). 1391. *LiEBERMANN, Felix. Die Gcsctze der Angelsachsen, herausgegeben im Auftrage der Savigny-Stiftung. Pts. i.-ii., to a.d. 1034. Halle, 1898-99. Vol. i. will contain all the texts in Schmid's edition, with some new pieces ; the three Latin translations of Cnut's dooms found in Quadripartitus, Instituta Cnuti, and Consiliatio Cnuti ; and the framework of these Anglo-Norman law- books. Vol. ii. will comprise a commentary ; vol. iii., an index and glossary. When completed, this will be by far the best edition. 1392. *ScHMiD, Reinhold. Die Gesetze der Angelsachsen. Leipsic, 1832. 2nd edition, much enlarged, 1858. Superior to Thorpe's edition. Schmid's elaborate glossary is a valuable con- tribution to legal and constitutional history. 1393. [Thorpe, Benjamin.] Ancient laws and institutes of England, with an English translation of the Saxon ; also monumenta ecclesiastica. Record Com. 2 vols., 8vo. [London], 1840. Also published in i vol., fo., 1840. Much better than the older editions of the laws. § 36] Laws 199 Brehon and Welsh Laws. 1394. [Hancock, W. N., and Richey, A. G.] Ancient laws of Ireland, published under the direction of the commissioners for publishing the ancient laws and institutes of Ireland. [Irish text with an English translation.] Vols i.-iv. Dublin, etc., 1865-79. The Senchus Mor is in vols, i.-iii., the Book of Aicill in vol. iii., and various Brehon law-lracts of uncertain date in vol. iv. The Senchus Mor, or Great Book of the Ancient Law, professes to be a code of old legal usages which was drawn up by a committee of nine persons under the direction of St. Patrick, circa A.D. 438-441. The truth of this account has been doubted by writers like Arbois de Jubainville, Maine, and Whitley Stokes, who believe that the greater part of the work was compiled in the 9th or loth century. It is concerned chiefly with the civil law (distress, suretyship, fosterage, contract, tenures, etc. ), and con- tains many interesting facts regarding the early life and habits of the Irish people. The Book of Aicill, a survey of the criminal law, is avowedly composed of the decisions and opinions of two eminent jurists, Cormac MacAirt, who reigned A.D. 227-266, and Kennfaela the Learned, who flourished in the 7th century; the latter seems to have enlarged the work of the former. Though there may be much uncertainty regarding the actual time when the Senchus Mor and the Book of Aicill assumed their present shape (no MSS. are of older date than the 14th century), they doubtless contain many archaic rules of great antiquity. The glosses and commentary which accompany the texts are evidently later additions made by various generations of commentators. The old legal system embodied in these two great codes and in the minor Irish law-tracts continued in use in Ireland outside the Pale till the beginning of the 17th century. According to Maine, these Brehon laws 'were not a legislative structure, but the creation of a class of professional lawyers, the Brehons, whose occupation became hereditarj-. ' Besides the following works, the elaborate intro- ductions in the edition of Hancock and Richey should be consulted. Literature : — Arbois de Jubainville, Henri d'. Etudes sur le droit celtique. 2 vols. Paris, 1895. (Senchus Mor, i. 332-84, ii. I-448. Believes that the pro- bable date of its origin is A. D. Soo. ) Dareste, Rodolphe. Etudes d'histoire du droit, 356-81. Paris, 1S89. GiNNELL, Laurence. The Brehon laws : a legal handbook. London, 1894. (A popular account.) Hyde, Douglas. Literary history of Ireland, ch. xlii. London, 1S99. Maine, H. J. Lectures on the early history of institutions. London, 1875. (Based mainly on a study of the Brehon laws. For the Senchus Mor and the Book of Aicill, see chs. i.-ii. ) O'Reilly, Edward. An essay on the nature and influence of the Brehon laws. Royal Irish Academy, Trans., xiv. 141-226. Dublin, 1S25. Petrie, George. On the history and antiquities of Tara Hill, 40-45, 69-81. Ibid. , vol. xviii. Dublin, 1839. 200 Anglo-Saxon Period : Original Sources [part m 1395. O'DoNOVAN, John. Leabhar na g-Ceart : the book of rights, with a translation. Celtic Soc. Dublin, 1847. — Also ed. Robert Atkinson, The Bookof Ballymote, 267-81 [photolithographed facsimile of the Book of Rights]. Royal Irish Academy. Dublin, 1887. A series of Irish poems, each preceded by a prose summary. The compilation used to be ascribed to St. Benen or Benignus, an Irish bishop who died A. D. 468. Perhaps he wrote a Book of Rights, which was enlarged toward the beginning of the loth century by Cormac Mac Cuileannain, king of Munster. Cormac's work ' gives an account of the monarchs of all Ireland, and the revenues payable to them by the principal kings of the several provinces, and of the stipends paid by the monarchs to the inferior kings for their services. It also treats of the rights of each of the provincial kings, and the revenues payable to them from the inferior kings of the districts or tribes subsidiary to them, and of the stipends paid by the superior to the inferior provincial kings for their services.' Prefixed to O'Dono- van's edition is a tract on the Restrictions and Prerogatives of the Kings of Ire- land, written by Cuan O'Leochan, 'archpoet of Ireland,' who died in 1024. 1396. [Owen, Aneurin.] Ancient laws and institutes of Wales : comprising laws supposed to be enacted by Howel the Good, modified by subsequent regulations under the native princes prior to the conquest by Edward I. ; and anomalous laws ; with an English translation of the Welsh text ; to which are added a few Latin tran- scripts containing digests of the Welsh laws, principally of the Dimetian code. Record Com. 2 vols., Svo. [London], 1841. Also published in i vol., fo., 1841. — This has superseded the imperfect editions in William Wotton's Leges Wallic^e, 1730, and Myvyrian Archaiology, 1807, vol. iii. According to the oldest MS. of the Welsh laws, Howel Dda, or Howel the Good, king of Wales {d. 950), summoned the magnates of his principality and six men from each commot to the ' White House on the Tav ' (probably Whit- land in Carmarthenshire), and from this assembly he selected thirteen men to ex- amine and amend the old laws. The code which they drew up was afterwards promulgated by Howel, about A.D. 928. It has come down to us in three recensions, containing Howel's enactments with the amendments made in the three principal divisions of Wales during the nth and 12th centuries : the Vene- dotian code adapted to the usages of north Wales (oldest MS. at Peniarth, circa 1200), the Dimetian or south Welsh code (oldest MS. in British Museum, srec. xiii.), and the Gwentian code for south-east Wales (oldest MS. in British Museum, sac. xiv. ). All three are printed in Owen's edition, together with Latin versions of them, and with various ' anomalous laws,' i.e. legal dicta, de- cisions, pleadings, triads, and other miscellaneous documents of uncertain date. The Welsh adhered to the legal system embodied in these codes until the time of Edward I. See F. Walter, bas alte Wales (Bonn, 1859), 354-69 ; T. F. Tout, Howel Dda, in Dictionary of National Biography, 1891, xxviii. 106-7. § 36] Laws 201 b. private compilations (england). Isolated Pieces. This category comprises about twenty pieces of uncertain date, but mainly of the eleventh century, each relating to a particular subject. Most of them are written in Anglo-Saxon, and are private compilations based on custom or on authentic legislation. All except Nos. 1398-9 are printed by Schmid and Thorpe (Nos. 1392-3) ; all of them will be included in Liebermann's edition of the laws. 1397. De institutis Lundoniie, ed. Schmid, 218-21 ; Thorpe, i. 300-303; K. Hohlbaum, Hansisches Urkundenbuch (Halle, 1882- 86), iii. 379-81. According to Schmid, Thorpe, and Liebermann (Quadripartitus, 138), this belongs to the time of Etheh-ed II., but Hohlbaum believes that it was compiled after 1066. It contains enactments regarding the tolls collected at the gates of London, and regarding counterfeiting and house-breaking. 1398. Dema, or Judex, ed. Liebermann, Zeitschrift filr Rechts- gescMchie, 1884, xviii.. Germ. Abth., 207-13 ; Quadripartitus (No. 1409), 141-2. Compiled circa 1000. Deals with the duties of a judge. 1399. Gerefa, ed. Liebermann, Anglia, 1886, ix. 251-66; W. Cunningham, Growth of English Commerce and Industry, 3rd edition, 1896, i. 571-6. Compiled early in the nth century ; seemingly a continuation of the Rectitu- dines (No. 1401). Expounds the duties of a reeve and the management of a great estate. 1400. Ordinance concerning the Dunsffite, ed. Schmid, 358-63 ; Thorpe, 352-7. This law or ordinance was issued by King Edgar, A.D. 924-40, for a people in Herefordshire. See Liebermann, Die Angelsachsische Verordnung iiber die Dunsiste, in Archiv fiir das Studium der Neueren Sprachen, etc., 1S99, cii. 267- 96. 1401. Rectitudines singularum personarum, ed. Schmid, 370-83 ; Thorpe, i. 432-41 ; Heinrich Leo, Rectitudines Singularum Persona- rum, Halle, 1842. Compiled early in the nth century. A valuable exposition of the services rendered to the lord by the various classes of persons on a manor. 202 Anglo-Saxon Period : Original Sources [pabt m Latin Law- Books. All except No. 1404 are of the twelfth century, and most of them were written in England by men of French birth in order to set forth or expound the ' laga Edwardi,' the old Anglo-Saxon legal system, which had been confirmed by William I. and Henry I. 1402. ConsiUatio Cnuti, ed. Liebermann. Halle, 1893. pp. 29. So called by the editor because the text begins, ' Hec est consiliatio quam Cnutus . . . consiliatus est. ' It is a glossed translation of Cnut's laws (based on a lost Anglo-Saxon ]\IS.), made in south England soon after 1102, probably by a cleric of French birth. 1403. Instituta Cnuti, ed. J. L. A. Kolderup-Rosenvinge, under the title, Legum regis Canuti Magni versio antiqua Latina ex codice Colbertino, cum textu Anglo-Saxonico. Copenhagen, 1826. — Schmid, pp. 425-32, prints a part of the Latin version, under the misleading title, Pseudoleges Canuti. A glossed translation of Cnut's laws, with some chapters taken from other collections, including about a dozen enactments of which no Anglo-Saxon text sur- vives. Probably written in 1 1 10 in Mercia by a cleric of French birth. See Lie- bermann, On the Instituta Cnuti, English Hist. Soc, Trans., new series, 1893, ix. 77-107. 1404. Leges Anglorum. See Liebermann, Ueber die Leges Anglorum saeculo xiii. ineunte Londoniis coUectte. Halle, 1894. pp. 105. A large collection of laws, compiled by a citizen of London in the latter part of John's reign. It comprises extracts from pt. i. of the Quadripartitus (i.e. many dooms of Ine, Alfred, Athelstan, and Cnut), portions of the Articuli Willelmi (below, p. 347 ) and of the Leges Edwardi Confessoris, together with many of the compiler's own inventions and interpolations. He seems to have been a lapnan, and he favours the baronial movement against King John. 1405. Leges Edwardi Confessoris, ed. Schmid, 491-519; Thorpe, i. 442-62 ; Stubbs, in his edition of Hoveden's Chronica (London, 1869), ii. 219-41. So called since the 17th century. Compiled in Warwickshire by a cleric of French birth, probably between 1 130 and 1 135. He describes English institutions as they were before 1066 and in Henry I.'s time. Though the tract displays a lack of knowledge of English law and historj^ Liebermann believes that it ranks next to the Leges Henrici Primi among the law-books of the 12th centurj'. See Liebermann, Ueber die Leges Edwardi Confessoris, Halle, 1896. § 36] Laws 203 1406. *Leges Henrici Primi, ed. Schmid, 432-90; Thorpe, i. 497-631 ; Liebermann, Ein ungedrucktes Vorwort zu den Leges Henrici Primi, Zeitschrift fib' Rechtsgeschichte, 1882, xvi.. Germ. Abth., 127-36. ProbaVjly written between 1108 and 11 18. Contains the coronation charter of Henry I. , from which the title of the whole work is derived ; the charter granted by Henry I. to London, which seems to be a later interpolation ; and a badly arranged statement of the Anglo-Saxon law as amended by William I. and Henry I., mingled with brief extracts from decretals, the Codex Theodosianus, 'leges barbarorum,' and Prankish capitularies. The author gets much of his material from Cnut's dooms, and makes some use of the older Anglo-Saxon laws. It is a less mechanical piece of work than the contemporary Consiliatio Cnuti, Instituta Cnuti, and Quadripartitus, and may be regarded as the earliest legal text- book of medieval Europe. See Liebermann, Die Abfassungszeit der Leges Henrici Primi, in Forschungen zur Deutschen Geschichte, 1876, xvi. 581-6 ; George Phillips, Englische Reichs- und Rechtsgeschichte (Berlin, 1827), i. 202- 22. 1407. Leges Willelmi Conquestoris, ed. Schmid, 322-51; Thorpe, i. 466-87 ; Robert Kelham, The Laws of William the Conqueror, London, 1779 ; Palgrave, English Commonwealth, ii. 88- 140. — Best edition, by J- E. Matzke : Lois de Guillaume le Conquerant. Paris, 1899. Professes to contain the laws observed in the time of Edward the Confessor and newly promulgated by the Conqueror. The text is made up largely of Anglo- Saxon dooms, and is preserved in both Latin and French (hence often called William's bilingual code). Matzke beheves that the Latin version is a translation of the French, and that the French was compiled between 1150 and 1170. 1408. Pseudo-Cnuts Constitutiones de foresta, ed. Schmid, 318- 21 ; Thorpe, i. 426-30; Liebermann, Ueber Pseudo-Cnuts Consti- tutiones de Foresta (Halle, 1894), 49-55- A forgery, compiled about 1184 by a layman, perhaps a forest official of the baronial party who desired that the king should select forest judges from the feudal aristocracy. Gives an account of the administration and judicature of the forests in Henr>- H.'s time. 1409. Quadripartitus, ein englisches Rechtsbuch von 1114, nach- gewiesen und, soweit bisher ungedruckt, herausgegeben von F. Liebermann. Halle, 1892. Compiled circa 1 1 14, perhaps at Winchester, by a cleric of French birth, who wished to make known the ' laga Edwardi ' as amended by William I. and Henr)' I. The prologue gives some account of English institutions A. D. 1018- II 10. Bk. i. contains a glossed translation of most of the Anglo-Saxon laws, those of Cnut being given first ; this is the ' vetus versio,' which is printed in the editions of Liebermann, Schmid, and Thorpe (Nos. 1391-3). Some dooms of 204 Anglo-Saxon Period : Original Sources [part m Athelstan, Edmund, and Ethelred are known only in the form of this Latin version Bk. ii. is a collection of state papers, comprising the coronation charter of Henry I. , his enactment concerning the hundred and shire courts, and various documents regarding the investiture struggle (mainly in defence of Gerard of York), Bk. iii. , on legal procedure, and bk. iv., on theft, are not extant, and perhaps were never written as planned by the author. §37. CHARTERS AND OTHER DIPLOMATA. The diplomata include public and private instruments which often pass under the general name of charters. They were introduced into Anglo-Saxon England by the clergy soon after the coming of St. Augustine, and comprise land-books, or donations of land (chiefly to churches), grants of privileges or immunities, wills, manu- missions, acquittances, marriage contracts, and minutes of trans- actions (mainly regarding lands) which took place in witenagemots, synods, and shire courts. They are of great value for the study of the early history of institutions ; they throw light upon the law of real property, classes of society, the nature of tenures and services, the functions of the witan and local public courts, the powers of royalty, and the relations of the crown to the church and to the nobles ; they often elucidate the royal dooms, and supplement the annals. Their imjDortance for the study of English history is well illustrated by the deductions recently drawn from them by Maitland in his Domesday Book and Beyond. The chief repositories of these documents are the libraries of the British Museum, the universities, and the various cathedrals. Some of them are extant in their original form ; many are later copies which have been preserved in monastic chartularies or episcopal registers (§§ 34, 57); others survive in the form of enrolments and exemplifications in the ' cartje antiquse ' and confirmation rolls of the Public Record Office (No. 141 3). About a quarter of them are written in Anglo-Saxon ; the rest are either in Latin or partly in each language. Most of the wills, the earHest of which date from the first half of the ninth century, are in Anglo-Saxon. Kemble, Brunner, Aronius, and Giry (No. 233) contend that the charters and other legal documents were not drawn up by official chancery scribes before the time of Edward the Confessor ; but W. H. Stevenson, in the Enghsh Historical Review, 1896, xi. 731-44, believes that the Anglo-Saxon kings had an organised body of royal clerks correspond- ing to the chancery of the continent. The systematic study of the Anglo-Saxon diplomata was begun by George Hickes in his Dissertatio Epistolaris, 1703 (No. 234), and he deserves much credit for what he accomplished. The next great § 37] Charters and other Diplomata 205 investigator in this field was Kemble, whose Codex, with all its defects, still remains the most comprehensive collection. Birch's Cartularium is more complete (to a.d. 975), and in some respects it is superior to Kemble's Codex ; but it is far from being a satis- factory or an ideal edition. The seven volumes of facsimiles issued by the British Museum and the Ordnance Survey (Nos. 257-8) are of considerable value. The useful collections of Earle and Thorpe are largely selections from Kemble. The third volume of Haddan and Stubbs's Councils (No. 1424) contains many charters taken from Kemble's Codex and Dugdale's Monasticon, with valuable notes. Some interesting donations of lands to Welsh monasteries, from the sixth century onward, are printed in chapter vii. of F. Seebohm's Tribal System in Wales, London, 1895 ; and many early charters relating to the bishopric of Llandaff will be found in Liber Landa- vensis (No. 2674). The best general account of the charters is furnished by Kemble (No. 1419). See also Aronius, Brunner, and Earle (Nos. 1410, 1412, 1416) ; F. W. Maitland, Domesday Book, 2nd essay ; Palgrave, English Commonwealth, ii. 204-26. 1410. Aronius, Julius. Diplomatische Studien iiber die alteren angelsachsischen Urkunden [to a.d. 839]. Kbnigsberg, [1883]. pp. 90. Criticises Kemble's Codex and analyses the structure of the charters. Agrees with Kemble and Brunner in believing that there was no royal chancery in England before the time of Edward the Confessor. Valuable. 1411. *BiRCH, W. DE Gray. Cartularium Saxonicum : a collec- tion of charters relating to Anglo-Saxon histor)\ Vols, i.-iii., a.d. 430-975. London, 1885 [i883]-93. — Index Saxonicus : an index to the names of persons in Cartularium Saxonicum, 1899. Contains 1354 documents, many of which are not in Kemble's Codex. In- cludes pieces not of a strictly diplomatic character, such as professions of obedience made by newly-elected bishops, papal correspondence, etc. The two documents anterior to A.D. 604 are a charter and a letter of St. Patrick. Birch adheres more closely to the text of the MSS. than Kemble does, but his critical apparatus of notes, etc., is very meagre : he does not profess to be 'the critical expositor' of the contents of the charters. See also his paper, The Anglo-Saxon Charters of Worcester Cathedral (a calendar, etc., of the charters), British Archzeol. Assoc, Journal, 1882, xxxviii. 24-54. 1412. Brunner, Heinrich. Zur Rechtsgeschichte der romischen und germanischen Urkunde. Vol. i. Berlin, 1880. Das angelsiichsische Landbuch, 149-208. Examines the structure of the charters, etc. Valuable. 2o6 Anglo-Saxon Period : Original Sources [part m 1413. Calendar of royal charters which occur in letters of inspexi- mus, exemplification, or confirmation, and in cartularies, in the public record office. Pt. i., from .-Ethelbert of Kent to William II. Deputy Keeper's Reports^ xxix. 7-48. London, 1S68. Contains an abstract of their contents. 1414. Cartularium Saxonicum Malmesburiense. [By Thomas Phillipps. Middle Hill Press, 1831.] pp. 25. Twenty-nine Latin charters ; most of them are earlier than 1066, and are printed in Kemble's Codex. 1415. Davidson, J. B. On some Anglo-Saxon charters at Exeter. British Archceol. Assoc, Journal, xxxix. 259-303. London, 1883. Edits fifteen documents, A.D. 938-1069, five of them never before printed ; only four of the fifteen are in Kemble's Codex. See also his paper, On the Char- ters of King Ine, Somersetsh. Archseol. and Nat. Hist. Soc. , Proceedings, 1885 [1884], XXX. pt. ii. I-31. 1416. Earle, John. A hand-book to the land-charters and other Saxonic documents. Oxford, 1888. A selection of about 250 well-edited documents, some of which are not printed by Kemble or Birch. An elaborate introduction deals with the structure and language of the charters, and with the origin of the manor ; much attention is devoted to gesiths and laenland. Earle believes that at the time of the Con- quest the military chiefs or captains were placed over the conquered villages, thus becoming manorial lords with police and military fimctions ; he identifies them with the gesiths. See W. H. Stevenson's criticism in English Historical Review, 1889, iv. 353-9. 1417. Heming. Hemingi Chartularium ecclesise Wigorniensis, ed. Thomas Hearne. 2 vols. Oxford, 1723. Heming was sub-prior of Worcester while Wulfstan {d. 1095), at whose com- mand he compiled this precious chartulary, was bishop. Most of the charters are royal grants of the 9th and loth centuries, which are reprinted in Kemble's Codex. 1418. HoARE, R. C. Registrum Wiltunense, Saxonicum et Latinum, a.d. 892-1045. London, 1827. A chartulary of Wilton abbey, in the British Museum. Contains thirty-four documents, all printed in Kemble's Codex. 1419. *Kemble, J. M. Codex diplomaticus oevi Saxonici. English Hist. Soc. 6 vols. London, 1839-48. 1369 documents, from A.D. 604 to about 1061. Some of them ai'e inac- curately printed, either because they were not collated with the originals or with § 37] Charters and other Diplomata 207 the oldest copies, or because an attempt was made to construct a composite text based upon various MSS. The elaborate introduction in vol. i. deals with the jorigin of charters, their structure, and their contents ; see also the prefaces in vols, iii. and vi. 1420. Napier, A. S., and Stevenson, W. H. The Crawford collection of early charters and documents now in the Bodleian library. Oxford, 1895. Nineteen documents, A.D. 739-1 150, eight of them never before published ; with elaborate notes. A model edition. 1421. Stevenson, W. H. The Anglo-Saxon chancery : a history of the charters of the old English kings. In preparation. 1422. Thorpe, Benjamin. Diplomatarium Anglicum revi Saxonici : a collection of English charters, from a.d. 605 to William the Conqueror, with a translation of the Anglo-Saxon. London, 1865. About 325 documents, in large part a selection from Kemble's Codex, arranged under four heads : ( I ) miscellaneous charters, excluding simple grants of land ; (2) wills ; (3) gilds ; (4) manumissions and acquittances. About twenty pieces in the Diplomatarium (including three of the four collections of gild statutes) were not printed by Kemble. § 38. ECCLESIASTICAL SOURCES. a. Canons, Penitentials, etc., Nos. 1423-9. b. Homilies, Nos. 1430-33. c. ISIonastic Rules, Nos. 1434-40. d. Vit?e et Epistola;, Nos. 1 44 1 -71. The materials relating to church history may be classified as follows : — I. The chronicles, laws, and charters included in §§ 34, 36, 37. Among the chronicles Bede's Historia Ecclesiastica is the most important ; Elmham and the monastic histories of Abingdon, Ely, Hyde, and Ramsey are also useful. See C. W. Schoell, De Eccle- siastics Britonum Scotorumque Historic Fontibus, Berlin, 1851, pp. 80; he treats of Gildas, Bede, Nennius, Annales Cambriae, Tigernach, etc., especially as sources for the history of the Celtic church. Among the dooms of the Anglo-Saxon kings (>? 36) we find many ecclesiastical laws, and separate collections of these were made by the witan under Edmund, Edgar, Ethelred, and Cnut; they are printed in the editions of the Anglo-Saxon laws mentioned 2o8 Anglo-Saxon Period : Original Sources [part m in § 36. Most of the charters (§37) are grants of lands to churches. 2. Various lists of bishops which accompany the royal genealogies. See No. 1368. 3. The four categories of sources considered below, in this section. Of these the most valuable for historical purposes are the canons and the 'vitse et epistolse.' By far the most important collection of materials to a.d. 870 is that of Haddan and Stubbs (No. 1424). For other general collec- tions of records, see § i6(:. The modern literature relating to the Anglo-Saxon church will be found in § 47. a. CANONS, PENITENTIALS, ETC. The canons and other records of the transactions of church councils to A.D. 870 are set forth by Haddan and Stubbs (No. 1424), and those from 870 to 1066 by Johnson, Wilkins, and Thorpe (Nos. 621, 631, 1427). The penitential books are collections of Latin penitential canons issued under the authority of some eminent prelate for the purpose of establishing the uniform administration of discipline in the church ; they prescribe specific penances for certain sins, such as drunkenness, perjury, avarice, homicide, fornication, etc. The earliest penitentials, those of Ireland and Wales, belong to the fifth and sixth centuries, and are printed by Haddan and Stubbs and Wasserschleben, who also edit the penitential books of Theodore of Tarsus, Bede, and Egbert, archbishop of York {d. 766). See Haddan and Stubbs, i. 117-20, iii. 173-213, 326-34, 413-31. Theodore's book was compiled under his direction by one of his disciples. There is a good short account of penitentials in Smith and Cheet- ham's Dictionary of Church Antiquities (London, 1880), ii. 1608- 16. The Regula Canonicorum of Chrodegang, bishop of Metz, a.d. 742-66, is printed in Luc d'Achery's Spicilegium, 1723, i. 565-83, and in Migne's Patrologia, 1850, Ixxxix. 1057-1120; it was based on the Benedictine rule, and was adopted by some churches of England. 1423. [Greenwell, William.] The pontifical of Egbert, arch- bishop of York, a.d. 732-766. Siirtees Soc. Durham, etc., 1853. A pontifical is a service-book containing the offices performed by a bishop, such as those for the consecration of bishops and churches, the coronation of kings, etc. The coronation services are on pp. I oo- 105 of Greenwell's edition ; for lists of MS. pontificals, see ibid., pp. vii.-xi. , and No. 2215. § 38] Ecclesiastical Sources 209 1424. *Haddan, a. W., and Stubbs, William. Councils and ecclesiastical documents relating to Great Britain and Ireland. Vols. i.-iii. Oxford, 1869-78. A new edition of Wilkins's Concilia (No. 631), and one of the most important collections of materials relating to early English history. Vol. i. deals with the British church, A.D. 200-681, and the church of Wales, a.d. 681-1295 ; vol. ii., with Cumbria and Scotland to 1188, and Ireland to 665 ; vol. iii., with Anglo- Saxon England to 870. The work contains canons, penitentials, records of S3mods, dooms of Anglo-Saxon kings, extracts from chronicles, letters of popes and prelates, charters, and other documents of general interest for the study of ecclesiastical histor}-, including the relations of church and state. 1425. KuNSTiNiANN, Friedrich. Die lateinischen Ponitential- biicher der Angelsachsen. Mainz, 1844. Edits the penitentials of Theodore and Bede (spurious texts), with some sup- plementary matter. 1426. MoNE, F. J. Quellen und Forschungen der teutschen Literatur. Aix-la-Chapelle, 1830. Zur Kritik der angelsachsischen Gesetze, pp. 482-548. Treats mainly 01 penitentials. 1427. [Thorpe, Benjamin.] Ancient laws and institutes of England; also monumenta ecclesiastica. Record Com. 2 vols. [London], 1840. See No. 1393. Penitentials of Theodore and Egbert, Institutes of polity, ii. 304-41. ii. 1-62, 170-239. Canons and epistles of /Elfric, A.D. Canons enacted under Iving Edgar, ii. 998-1016, ii. 342-93. 244-89. Ecclesiastical institutes, ii. 394-443. This collection is valuable, but some of the records are not well edited. Thorpe does not print the genuine texts of the penitentials, and the document called Ecclesiastical Institutes is the translation of a work written by Bishop Theodulf of Orleans, who flourished about a. d. 797. 1428. Wasserschleben, F. W. H. Die Bussordnungen der abendliindischen Kirche. Halle, 1851. Old British, Irish, and Anglo-Saxon penitentials, pp. 101-352. A valuable collection, well edited. 1429. . Die irische Kanonensammlung, ed. Hermann Wasserschleben. Giessen, 1874. 2nd edition, Leipsic, 1885. This Latin collection of canons was probably compiled in Ireland early in the 8th century. It contains usages of the Irish church intermingled with those of the Roman church. See Henry Bradshaw, The Early Collection of Canons known as the Hibernensis, Cambridge, 1S93 5 ^'^^^ Fournier, De ITnfluence de la Collection Irlandaise sur la Formation des Collections Canoniques, in Nouvello Revue Historique de Droi Francais et Etranger, 1899, xxiii. 27- 78. P 210 Anglo-Saxon Period: Original Sources [pabt m b. HOMILIES. These interesting monuments of English literature exhibit the doctrines of the Anglo-Saxon church ; and some of them, notably the Sermo Lupi ad Anglos (No. 1433), throw light upon the social life of England in this period. Besides the Latin sermons of Bede there are three series written in Anglo-Saxon, covering a period of about one hundred and fifty years, from the latter part of the ninth century to the early part of the eleventh : the Blickling homilies, those of ^Ifric, and those of Wulfstan. See R. P. Wiilker, Grund- riss zur Geschichte der Angelsiichsischen Litteratur (Leipsic, 1885), chs. xii.-xiii. ; John Earle, Anglo-Saxon Literature (London, 1884), ch. X. 1430. .^Elfric. The homilies of the Anglo-Saxon church : homilies of ^Ifric, in the original Anglo-Saxon, with an English version, ed. Benjamin Thorpe. ^Ifric Soc. 2 vols. London, 1844 [i843]-46. — ^Ifric's Lives of saints, being a set of sermons on saints' days [with a modern English version], ed. W. W. Skeat. Early English Text Soc. 2 vols, in 4 pts. London, 1881-1900. — Angelsachsische Homilien und Heiligenleben, ed. Bruno Assmann, in C. W. M. Grein's Bibliothek der Angelsachsischen Prosa, vol. iii. Cassel, 1889. The two main collections, by Thorpe and Skeat, contain 122 homilies ; Thorpe's is more valuable than Skeat's. Assmann prints nine additional homilies of ^Ifric, and ten others of unknown authorship. /Elfric derived his sermons in large part from the Latin works of Gregory the Great and other church fathers ; most of them were written a.d. 990-998, but some of them are of later date. ^Ifric is now usually identified with the person who became abbot of Ensham in 1005 and who died about 1020-25. He was the greatest Anglo-Saxon prose- writer of his age, and one of the champions of the monastic revival of the loth century. For his other writings, see Nos. 1427, 1435, 1437, 1462, 1480-81 ; and for modern accounts of his life and works, Nos. 1621-2, 1431. Bede. Venerabilis Bedse Opera, ed. J. A. Giles. Vol. v : Homilioe. London, 1843. 1432. The Blickling homilies of the tenth century. Edited, with a modern English translation, by Richard Morris. Early English Text Soc. London, [i874]-8o. ' A motley collection of sermons of various age and quality.' The date of the MS., which is in the libraiy of Blickling hall, Norfolk, is 971 ; but many of the homilies seem to belong to the 9th ceniury. §38] Ecclesiastical Sources 211 1433. WuLFSTAN : Sammlung der ihm zugeschriebenen Homi- lien, ed. Arthur [S.] Napier. Pt. i. Berlin, 1883. See also Arthur Napier, Ueber die Werke des Erzbischofs Wulfstan, Weimar, 1882, pp. 71 ; J. P. Kinard, A Study of Wulfstan's Homilies, Baltimore, 1897, pp. 60 ; Felix Liebermann, Wulfstan und Cnut, in Archiv ftir das Studium der Neueren Sprachen, etc., 1899, ciii. 47-54. Liebermann contends that Wulfstan's homilies were used in the Leges Cnuti. Wulfstan was archbishop of York, A. D. 1003-23. His best-known homily is the Sermo Lupi ad Anglos, an address to the English nation, written about 1014, giving a vivid picture of the wretchedness and corruption due to the ravages of the Danes. This piece is printed in Napier's vSammlung, 156-67, and in Henry Sweet's Anglo-Saxon Reader, 7th edition, 1894, pp. 88-97 ; there is a Latin translation in Hickes's Dissertatio (No. 234), 99-106, and in Langebek's Scriptores (No. 585), ii. 463-71. For the date, see E. A. FreeiTian, Norman Conquest, vol. i. app. RR. c. MONASTIC RULES. The great monastic revival which started in France early in the tenth century spread in the reign of Edgar to England, where the chief leaders of the reform movement were Dunstan, archbishop of Canterbury, Ethelwold, bishop of Winchester, and Oswald, bishop of Worcester. As the main object of the reform was to enforce the strict observance of St. Benedict's rule, it was necessary to publish regulations which should secure uniformity of practice in monastic life. The MSS. which have come down to us contain : — 1. An English translation of St. Benedict's rule, probably made by Ethelwold about 970 (Nos. 1436, 1439). 2. The Regularis Concordia, or De Consuetudine Monachorum (No. 1438) : a Latin compilation of regulations, based upon the precepts of St. Benedict's rule and upon monastic customs of England and the continent. It also contains an account of the English monastic revival. This document is often ascribed to Dunstan, but it was mainly the work of Ethelwold, about 966-969. 3. A Latin abridgment or digest of the Regularis Concordia; this is in the form of an epistle written by ^^Ifric, abbot of Ensham, for his monastery, about 1005 (No. 1437). 4. Fragments of the Regularis Concordia translated into English ; one of these has been ascribed to ^Ifric (No. 1435). For other records relating to monasticism in the Anglo-Saxon period, see the collections in §§ 16 c, 38^?, especially Dugdale's Monasticon, Haddan and Stubbs's Councils, and Thorpe's Ancient Laws ; there is also some material in William of Malmesbury's De Gestis Pontificum (No. 1444). For the records and early history of p 2 212 Anglo-Saxon Period: Original Sources [part m particular religious houses, see §§ 34, 37, 57 ; for the modern literature, §§ 23 d, 47 c. 1434. Bateson, Mary. Rules for monks and secular canons after the revival under King Edgar. English Hist. Review, ix. 690- 708. London, 1894. An account of the MS. material. 1435. Breck, Edward. Fragment of y^lfric's translation of ^thelwold's De consuetudine monachorum. Leipsic, 1887. pp.38. 1436. Edgar's establishment of monasteries, ed. Oswald Cockayne, Leechdoms, iii. 406-18, 432-45. Rolls Series. London, 1866. An Anglo-Saxon fragment of a postscript to Ethelwold's translation of St. Benedict's rule (No. 1439), containing a contemporary statement of the reform measures. 1437. Excerpta ex institutionibus monasticis ^thelwoldi [No. 1438], compilata ad usum fratrum Egneshamnensium per ^Ifricum abbatem [circa 1005], ed. Mary Bateson, in G. W. Kitchin's Compotus Rolls of the Obedientiaries of St. Swithun's Priory, Winchester, 171-98. Ha^np shire Record Soc. London, etc., 1892. See English Historical Review, 1894, ix. 702-7 ; C. L. White, ^Elfric (Boston, 1898), ch. xii. 1438. Regularis concordia, ed. Dugdale, Monasticon, vol. i. pp. xxvii.-xlv. ; Migne, Patrologia, cxxxvii. 475-502 ; W. S. Logeman, Anglia, 1891-93, xiii. 365-454, xv. 20-40. This is Ethelwold's Latin compilation of monastic regulations ; it is also called De Consuetudine Monachorum. Logeman's edition has an interlinear Anglo- Saxon translation. See No. 793. 1439. Rule (The) of St. Benet, Latin and Anglo-Saxon interlinear version, ed. Henri Logeman. Early English Text Soc. London, 1888. — Angelsachsische Prosabearbeitungen der Benedictinerregel, ed. Arnold Schroer, in C. W. M. Grein's Bibliothek der Angelsach- .sischen Prosa, vol. ii. 2 pts. Cassel, 1885-88. — Die Winteney- Version der Regula S. Benedicti, lateinisch und englisch [middle English], ed. Arnold Schroer. Halle, 1888. Various versions of Ethelwold's English translation of St. Benedict's rule. See No. 1436. §38] Ecclesiastical Sources 213 1440. TuppER, Frederick. History and texts of the Benedic- tine reform of the tenth century. Modern Language Notes, viii. 344- 67. Baltimore, 1893. | d. VITiE ET EPISTOLiE. The most extensive collections of ' acta sanctorum ' are those of Mabillon and the BoUandists (Nos. 601, 603), which include most of the lives of saints mentioned below (Nos. 1447-71) and many others. The biographies in these collections throw light upon the social life of Britain and upon the history of the church, and add some information regarding public events. ' For the history of En gland in the latter half of the tenth century we have, except the very meagre notices of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles, no contemporary materials, unless we admit the lives of the saints : ' Stubbs, Memorials of Dunstan, p. ix. Alcuin's Carmen, Bede's Cuthbert, Adamnan's Columba, the anonymous Vita Oswaldi, Eddi's Wilfrid, and the letters of Alcuin, Boniface, and Gregory the Great are especially interesting. Some of the most valuable ' epistote' will be found in Haddan and Stubbs's Councils (No. 1424), vol. iii. For further information regarding the lives of particular saints, see Potthast, Bibliotheca ; and Hardy, Catalogue of Materials (Nos. 25, 45). Some of the articles in Smith and Wace's Dictionary of Christian Biography (No. 304) are also useful. The modern bio- graphies of the saints and prelates of this period are in § 47 a'. For other editions of the works mentioned in Nos. 1447-71, see Potthast, Bibliotheca. General. 1441. Historians of the church of York and its archbishops, ed. James Raine. Rolls Series. 3 vols. London, 1879-94. This valuable collection contains Alcuin's Carmen (below, p. 214) ; several lives of Bishops Oswald and Wilfrid (Nos. 1465, 147 1) ; lives of Bishop John of Beverley, who died in 721 ; Chronica Pontificum Ecclesi^ Eboracensis, a.d. 601-I140, written in the first half of the 12th century ; vol. iii., documents rela- ting to the church of York, only three of them before A.D. 1066. See also No. 2222. 1442. Miscellanea biographica [ed. James Raine]. Surtees Soc. London, etc., [1838J. Contains a life of Oswin, king of Deira {d. 651), two lives of Cuthbert (below, p. 217), and a life of Eata, bishop of Hexham [d. 686). These biographies are of little historical value. 214 Anglo-Saxon Period: Original Sources [part m 1443. Vita quorundam Anglo-Saxonum : original lives of Anglo- Saxons and others who lived before the conquest, ed. J. A. Giles, Caxto7i Soc. London, 1854. Contents : — Vita Waldevi comitis. | Eddi's Vita Wilfridi. Excerptum de familia Herwardi. 1 De inventione S. Crucis Walthamensis. Vita Haroldi regis. ' Two lives of Gildas. Brithwald's Vita Egwini Wigorniensis episcopi {d. 717). Two lives of Bede. Faricius's Vita Aldhelmi. Willibald's Vita Bonifacii. 1444. Willelmi Malmesbiriensis De gestis pontificum Anglorum libri quinque, ed. N. E. S. A. Hamilton. Rolls Series. London, 1870. — Also in Migne's Patrologia, clxxix. 1441-1680. Paris, 1855. — An imperfect text of bks. i.-iv. is printed in Savile's Scriptores (No. 595), 1 1 1-68. London, 1596. Completed a.d. i 125 ; contains a valuable account of the bishops and abbots of England, A.D. 601 to the writer's own time. Bk. v. (which is also printed in Gale's Scriptores XV., 337-81, and in Wharton's Anglia Sacra, ii. I-49) is devoted to the life of Aldhelm. Alcuin {d. 804). For historical purposes the most valuable of Alcuin's works are : — 1. EpistolcC : Frobenius, i. 4-302 ; a better edition in Monumenta Alcuiniana, 132-897. Those which relate to England (the affairs of Northumbria, devastations of the Danes, etc.) are indicated in Hardy's Catalogue of Materials, i. 505, and in Smith and Wace's Dictionary of Christian Biography, i. 75. Alcuin's letters are of great value 'as illustrating the intellectual, social, moral, and religious condition of Europe at the period at which they were written.' 2. De Pontificibus et Sanctis Ecclesiae Eboracensis Carmen : Frobenius, ii. 241-58; Monumenta Alcuiniana, 80-131; Raine, Historians of the Church of York (No. 1441), i. 349-98 ; latest edition by Ernst Dtimmler, in Pertz's Monumenta Germ. Hist., Poetse Latini (Berlin, 1881), i. 169-206. The earlier portion of the poem is based on Bede ; but the account of the archbishops Wilfrid II., Egbert, and Ethelbert throws light upon the history of the church of York, a.d. 718-780, and contains some interesting notices of the schools and library of York in the eighth century. 1445. Alcuini Opera, cura Frobenii [Frobenius F. Forster]. 2 vols, in 4. [Ratisbon], 1777. — Reprinted in Migne's Patrologia, vols. c.-ci, Paris, 1851. § 38] Ecclesiastical Sources 215 1446. *Monumenta Alcuiniana, ed. Wilhelm Wattenbach and Ernst Diimmler, in Philipp Jaffe's Bibliotheca Rerum Germanicarum, vol. vi. Berlin, 1873. Vita Alcuini auclore anonymo, 1-34. | De pontificibus Ebor. carmen, 80-131. Alcuini \'ita S. Willibrordi, 35-79. 1 Epistolae, 132-897. The Vita Alcuini was compiled A. D. 823-829 ; it is also printed by Frobenius, vol. i. pp. lix.-lxix., and in Pertz's Scriptores (No. 594), xv. 182-97. It does not contain much information concerning England. Aldhelm {d. 709). Aldhelm, bishop of Sherborne, was one of the most learned men of his time, but his letters and other works are of little historical value. His biography was written by Faricius, abbot of Abingdon (? 44 a. 1541. Amira, Karl von. Erbenfolge und Verwandtschafts- gliederung nach den alt-niederdeutschen Rechten. Munich, 1874. Das angelsachsische Recht, 72-II1. 1542. Brunner, Heinrich. Sippe und Wergeld. Zeitschrift fiir Rechtsgeschichte, xvi., Germ. Abth., i-ioi. Weimar, 1882. Das angelsachsische Recht, 1 4- 18. 1543. . Zur Rechtsgeschichte der romischen und germani- schen Urkunde. Vol. i. Berlin, 1880. Das angelsachsische Landbuch, 149-208. Deals mainly with bookland. Valuable. 1544. BucKSTAFF, F. G. Married women's property in Anglo- Saxon and Anglo-Norman law. American Academy of Political and Social Science, Annals, iv. 33-64. Philadelphia, 1893. 1545. Friedberg, Emil. Das Recht der Eheschliessung. Leipsic, 1865. England, 33-57. 1546. Gans, Eduard. Das Erbrecht in weltgeschichtlicher Entwickelung. 4 vols. Berlin, etc., 1824-35. England to the end of the 15th centurj', iv. 250-457. 1547. Hermann, Emil. Die Standegliederung bei den Sachsen und Angelsachsen. Breslau, 1884. He tries to prove that the 'laeti' formed the basis of the wergeld system, but his arguments are not convincing. In the appendix he deals also with folkland and bookland. 1548. Heywood, Samuel. A dissertation upon the distinctions in society and ranks of the people under the Anglo-Saxon govern- ments. London, 18 18. A detailed account, which is still useful. 1549. Jastrow, Ignaz. Zur strafrechtlichen Stellung der Sklaven bei den Deutschen und Angelsachsen. Berlin, 1878. pp. 84. Die Angelsachsen, 38-83. 236 Anglo-Saxon Period : Modern Writers [part m 1550. Little, A. G. Gesiths and thegns. Etiglish Hist. Review, iv. 723-9. London, 1889. Deals especially with their relation to the five-hide unit. 1551. Maurer, Konrad. Ueber das Wesen des altesten Adels der deutschen Stamme. Munich, 1846. Die Angelsachsen, 123-95. 1552. Opet, Otto. Erbrechtliche Stellung der Weiber in der Zeit der Volksrechte. Breslau, 1888. pp. 86. Das angelsachsische Recht, 75-82. Contends that no preference was shown to the sons in the inheritance of property. 1553. tRoEDER, Fritz. Die Familie bei den Angelsachsen. Pt. i. Halle, 1899. 1554. Taylor, C. S. The pre-Domesday hide of Gloucester- shire. Bristol and Glouc. ArchceoL Soc, Trans., xviii. 288-319. Bristol, [1895]. Valuable. 1555. *ViNOGRADOFF, Paul. Folkland. English Hist. Review, viii. 1-17. London, 1893. Allen, in his Growth of the Royal Prerogative (No. 661), pp. 125-55, intro- duced the view that folkland was the land owned by the folk or nation, and this remained the prevalent doctrine until VinogradofPs essay was published. The latter shows that folkland is the proper name for what Kemble and other writers have called ethel ; that folkland was land held by folklaw or custom, as dis- tinguished from bookland, which was land held by a charter or ' book.' § 44. LOCAL GOVERNMENT. a. The Vill and the Manor, Nos, 1556-62. b. Borough, Hundred, Shire, etc., Nos. 1563-73. a. THE VILL AND THE MANOR. Kemble (No. 1492) was the first to emphasise the influence of the so-called 'mark' community in England. Nasse (No. 12 19) made use of the results attained by G. L. von Maurer, and showed that in England, as in Germany, the open-field system was the shell of the village community. Like Kemble, he lays stress upon the communalism of the early village. Maine (No. 1559) tries to con- firm the views of Kemble and Nasse by the study of modern analogies in India. Seebohm (No. 1562) contends that all these § 44] Local Government 237 writers are wrong in assuming the existence of the ' mark * system in England ; he holds that the English village community was derived from the Roman villa, and was manorial or servile through- out the Anglo-Saxon period. Earle (No. 1416) believes that the nucleus of the manor was the settlement of Anglo-Saxon warriors under military chiefs, who soon became manorial lords ; and Andrews (No. 1556) emphasises the clan chieftain as the most potent element in the origin of manors. Aleitzen, Maitland, and Vinogra- doff (Nos. 1217, 1493, 3054) present some strong arguments against Seebohm's theory. Maitland's work is particularly valuable; he believes that the early English village had little communalism, but was inhabited by freemen who owned land in severalty. For some account of the literature of this subject, see Bryan, The Mark (No. 1327); and Vinogradoff, Villainage (No. 3054), i- 39. See also § 33, and Nos. 719, 834, 1018, 1401, 1584, 1586. 1556. *Andrews, C. iM. The old English manor. Baltimore, 1892. A detailed account of the lands and tenants of the manor, agricultural arrangements, recreations, etc. 1557. Ashley, W. J. The Anglo-Saxon township. Quarterly Journal of Economics, viii. 345-61. Boston, 1894. Deals with the name and functions of the township. His Economic History (No. 1 193), bk. i. ch. i. , contains a good short account of manorial histor}'. 1558. GoMME, G. L. The village community, with special reference to Britain. London, 1890. Contends that the village community was common to all Aryan peoples, and hence existed in Celtic as well as in Anglo-Saxon England, 1559. Maine, H. S. Village communities in the east and west. London, 187 1. 3rd edition, 1876. Ch. iii. The western village community. | Ch. v. The process of feudalisation. Maine's view that the villages of India represent an ancient communal holding of land has recently been controverted : see B. H. Baden-Powell, The Indian Village Community, London, 1896, and his Origin and Growth of Village Com- munities in India, London, 1899. 1560. Maitland, F. W. Surnames of English villages. ArchcEol. Review, iv. 233-40. London, 1889. Tries to show that the township was originally identical with the hundred, and that the latter gradually resolved itself into various townships. 238 Anglo-Saxon Period : Modern Writers [parf m 1561. Maitland, F. W. The survival of archaic communities. Law Quarterly Review, ix. 36-50, 211-28. London, 1893. Argues against the antiquity of communal ownership of land. For a valuable account of the manor, see his Domesday Book (No. 1493), essay ii, 1562. *Seebohm, Frederic. The English village community, London, 1883. 4th edition, 1890. Throws much light on the early agricultural system. b. BOROUGH, HUNDRED, SHIRE, ETC. For the general treatises on boroughs and gilds, see § 24. The best account of early municipal history is Maitland's (No. 1567). Kemble (No. 1492) deals with the subject in detail, but is misled by continental analogies. Coote (No. 1298), ii. 342-413, and Wright (No. 420), ch. xvi., advocate the Roman origin of boroughs and gilds, but their arguments are not convincing. On the early history of the shire, see the essays of Freeman, Robertson, and Taylor (Nos. 823, 1499, 1572). On the hundred, besides the works mentioned below, see No. 1560; and on the tithing, § 45 and No. 719. An account of the various territorial divisions will also be found in the general treatises (§§ 17 (^,'40), and in Pearson's Maps (No. 366), 27- 3o» 55-59- 1563. Census of Great Britain, 185 1. Population tables, vol. i. Far/. Papers, 1852-53, vol. Ixxxv. London, 1852. Origin of shires, hundreds, etc., pp. Ivi.-lKxxii. 1564. Fellows, G. E. The Anglo-Saxon towns and their polity. Berne, 1890. Unscholarly ; of no value. 1565. Jenks, Edward. The problem of the hundred. English Hist. Review, xi. 510-14. London, 1896. For the hundred and the shire, see also his Law and Politics (No 655), ch.v. 1566. LiEBERMANN, Felix. Die englische Gilde im achten Tahrhundert. Archiv fiir das Studium der Neueren Sprachen, etc., 1896, pp. 333-40- Brunswick, 1896. Deals with two of Alcuin's letters, which refer to ' conjurationes ' or 'conven ticula.' § 44] Local Government 239 1567. *Maitland, F. W. The origin of the borough. English Hist. Review, xi. 13-19. London, 1896. This essay is expanded in his Domesday Book (No. 1493), 172-219. He con- tends that the special royal peace conferred upon fortified places is the original principle which serves to mark off the borough from the village. See Tait's criticism, in English Historical Review, 1897, xii. 772-7. 1568. Maurer, Konrad. Das Gesetzsprecheramt in Dane- mark. Konigl. Bayer. Akademie der Wissensch., Sitzungsberichte, Philos.-Philol. Classe, 1887, ii. 363-99. Munich, 1888. Anglo-Saxon ' lahmen ' of boroughs, etc., 388-99. 1569. . Das Vapnatak der nordischen Rechte. BartscKs Germania, xvi. 317-33. Vienna, 1871. Deals with the early history of the wapentake. 1570. Sawyer, F. E. The rapes and their origin. Archceol. Review, i. 54-59. London, 1888. His view, that they did not exist in the Anglo-Saxon period, is controverted by J. H. Round, ibid., i. 229-30. 1571. Stevenson, W. H. The hundreds of Domesday. English Hist. Review, v. 95-100. London, 1890. 1572. Taylor, C. S. The origin of the Mercian shires. Bristol and Glouc. Archaol. Soc, Trans., xxi. 32-57. Bristol, [1898]. Scholarly ; the best account of this subject. 1573. Taylor, Isaac. Wapentakes and hundreds, in P. E. Dove's Domesday Studies, i. 67-76. London, etc., 1888. Contends that the wapentake was not identical with the hundred, but was formed out of an association of three hundreds. This theory is supported by in- sufficient evidence. §45. JUSTICE AND POLICE. See the general treatises in j^ 20 ; also § 17 ^, especially Brunner's Forschungen (No. 647). The best account of the courts is furnished by Adams and Zink- eisen (Nos. 1491, 1585). Cox, Parliamentary Elections (No. 2929), devotes a chapter to the county court, and Stubbs (No. 811) deals with the church tribunals. The best authority on the early history of feudal justice is Maitland, Domesday Book, 258-92 ; see also Nos. 240 Anglo-Saxon Period : Modern Writers [paet m 1584, 1586. The most detailed account of legal procedure is Laughlin's (No. 1491). The question whether groups of sureties, i.e. the frankpledge system, existed before 1066 has evoked much discussion. Mar- quardsen and Waitz (Nos. 1577, 1582) believe that it was introduced soon after the Norman Conquest, and this is the view of Gneist and Stubbs (Nos. 639, 643). Liebermann and Schmid(Nos. 1405, 1581), like Kemble and Palgrave (Nos. 1492, 1496), assert that the frank- pledge system already existed in the tenth century. 1574. CooTE, H. C. On the legal procedure of the Anglo- Saxons. Soc. of Antiq. of Lo7idon, Archseologia, xli. 207-18. London, 1867. Of little value. For this essay revised, see his Romans of Britain (No. 1298), 296-313. 1575. Hermann, Emil. Ueber die Entwicklung des altdeut- schen Schoffengerichts. Breslau, 1881, Die Angel sachsen, 227-39. 1576. Liebermann, Felix. Kesselfang bei den Westsachsen im siebenten Jahrhundert. Akademie der Wissensch. zu Berlin^ Sitzungs- berichte, 1896, ii. 829-35. Berlin, 1896. Shows that ' ceace ' (kettle) should be read for ' ceape ' in Ine's laws, cc. 37, 62 ; hence that the ordeal was well known in Ine's time, and was not introduced into England in the 9th or lolh centur}-, as most writers assert. 1577. Marquardsen, Heinrich. Ueber Haft und Biirgschaft bei den Angelsachsen. Erlangen, 1852. pp. 70. The most detailed work on this subject. 1578. Maurer, G. L. von. Ueber die Freipflege (plegium liberale) und die Entstehung der Jury. Munich, 1848. pp. 60. Contends that the jury is derived from the frankpledge system. 1579. Maurer, William. An inquiry into Anglo-Saxon mark- courts. London, etc., 1855. pp. 62. — German version: Ueber angelsachsische Markverfassung. Zeitschrift fur Deutsches Recht, xvi. 201 sq. Tubingen, 1856. He believes that each group of four vills formed a judicial district, which had a ' mark-court,' or leet, and that the jury was derived from these ' leet-districts. ' He gives much information regarding the vills down to the close of the 13th cen- tury, but his main conclusions are untenable. § 45] Justice and Police 241 1580. Opet, Otto. Geschichte der Prozesseinleitungsformen. Pt. i. Breslau, 1891. Das angelsachsische Recht, 12-62. 1581. ScHMiD, Reinhold. Rechtsbiirgschaften. Hermes^ oder Krit. Jahrbuch der Literatur, xxxii. 232-64. Leipsic, 1829. He deals with the same subject in his Gesetze der Angelsachsen, 1858, pp. 644-9. See also ibid., 554, 564, 639, 641, 656, 660, etc., for various matters connected with justice and police (compurgation, ordeal, punishments, etc.). 1582. Waitz, Georg. Deutsche Verfassungsgeschichte. Vol. i. Kiel, 1844. 3rd edition, Berlin, 1880. Vol. i. app. i. contains a good detailed account of the Anglo-Saxon surety system. 1583. WiLDA, W. E. Das Strafrecht der Germanen. Halle, 1842. Ch. V. devotes much attention to the Anglo-Saxon wergeld, bots, etc. 1584. ZiNKEiSEN, Frank. Die Anfange der Lehngerichtsbarkeit in England. Berlin, [1893]. pp. 61. Contains a scholarly account of feudal jurisdiction, especially in the i Ith and I2th centuries. 1585. • The Anglo-Saxon courts of law. Political Scie?ice Quarterly, x. 132-44. Boston, 1895. Valuable. 1586. ZoEPFL, Heinrich. Alterthiimer des deutschen Reichs und Rechts. 3 vols. Leipsic, etc., 1860-61. Jurisdiction of English barons in the nth and 12th centuries, etc., i. 170-239, 267-72. § 46. THE CROWN, THE WITAN, TAXATION ETC. See the general treatises in §§ 18, 21, 40. Maitland (No. 1493) throws much light on the king's feorm and on Danegeld. For Anglo-Saxon coinage, see § 10. 1587. Lehmann, Karl. Abhandlungen zur germanischen Rechtsgeschichte. Berlin, etc., 1888. Die angelsachsische Feorm, 74-78. R 242 Anglo-Saxon Period : Modern Writers [paet m 1588. PuRLiTZ, Friedrich. Konig und Witenagemot bei den Angelsachsen. Bremen, 1892. pp. 66. 1589. Round, J. H. Danegeld and the finance of Domesday, in P. E. Dove's Domesday Studies, i. 77-142. London, etc., 1888. Valuable. 1590. [Webb, P. C] A short account of Danegeld, with some further particulars relating to William the Conqueror's survey. By a member of the Society of Antiquaries. London, 1756. pp. 33. A scholarly essay. § 47. THE CHURCH. a. General, Nos. 1591-99. b. The Celtic Church, Nos. 1600-1610. c. Conversion of England, Monasticism, etc., Nos. 161I-I7. d. Biography: Lives of Saints, etc., Nos. 1618-63. a. GENERAL. For the original sources, see §§ 16, 38 ; the notes in Haddan and Stubbs's Councils (No. 1424) are very valuable. For the general modern treatises, see §§ 23, 24, 40. Of the works mentioned below, the most elaborate are those of Bright and Lingard ; the best general survey is Hunt's. 1591. *Bright, William. Chapters of early English church history. Oxford, 1878. 3rd edition, 1897. Ch. i. is devoted to the ancient Celtic church ; the other chapters deal with the period 597-709. The best work on early English church history. 1592. Haddan, A. W. Remains of the late A. W. Haddan, ed. A. P. Forbes. Oxford, etc., 1876. The churches of the British confession, 211-39. Britons on the continent, 258-94. The early English church, 294-329. 1593. Hatch, Edwin. The growth of church institutions. London, 1887. 1594. *HuNT, William. The English church, a.d. 597-1066. London, 1899. There is a useful survey of the authorities at the end of each chapter. See No. 757- § 47] The Church 243 1595. LiNGARD, John. The history and antiquities of the Anglo-Saxon church. 2 vols. London, 1845; reprinted, 1858. This is an expansion of his Antiquities of the Anglo-Saxon Church, 2 vols. , Newcastle, 1806 ; 2nd edition, 1810. Deals in detail with bishops, synods, monks, missions, religious practices, literature, etc. 1596. SoAMES, Henry. An inquiry into the doctrines of the Anglo-Saxon church. Oxford, 1830. 1597. • The Anglo-Saxon church : its history, etc. London, 1835. 4th edition, 1856. 1598. . The Latin church during Anglo-Saxon times. London, ^^848. Written in reply to Lingard's work (No. 1595), which assailed the conclusions in Soames's Anglo-Saxon Church (No. 1596). 1599. UssHER, James. Britannicarum ecclesiarum antiquitates. Dublin, 1639. — Also printed in his Whole Works, 17 vols., Dublin, 1847-64, vols, v.-vi. b. THE CELTIC CHURCH. The chief materials for the history of the Celtic church are in Haddan and Stubbs's Councils and in Reeves's edition of the Life of Columba (Nos. 1424, 1454) ; the introduction, notes, etc., in these two works, and in Skene's Celtic Scotland (No. 1269), vol. ii., are valuable. See also the church histories of Ireland and Wales in § 24. 1600. Bellesheim, Alphons. Geschichte der katholischen Kirche in Schottland. 2 vols. Mainz, 1883. — Translated byO. H. Blair : History of the Catholic church of Scotland. 4 vols. Edinburgh, etc., 1887-90. Vol. i., chs. i.-iv., deals with the early Irish church, St. Columba, cloister-life in lona, the church in Northumbria, etc. 1601. Cathcart, William. The ancient British and Irish churches, including the life of St. Patrick, London, etc., 1894. 1602. Ebrard, J. H. A. Die iroschottische Missionskirche des sechsten, siebenten, und achten Jahrhunderts. Giitersloh, 1873. See No. 1640. R 2 244 Anglo-Saxon Period : Modern Writers [paht m 1603. Healy, John. The ancient Irish church. London, 1892. A brief popular sketch. 1604. LooFS, Friedrich. Antiquas Britonum Scotorumque ecclesije quales fuerint mores. Leipsic, etc., 1882. Valuable. 1605. MoRAN, P. F. Essays on the origin, doctrines, and discipline of the early Irish church. Dublin, 1864. Devotes much attention to St. Patrick. 1606. Pryce, John. The ancient British church. London, 1878. Valuable. 1607. Stokes, G. T. Ireland and the Celtic church [to 1172]. London, 1886. 3rd edition, 1892. Valuable. See No. 3088. 1608. Warren, F. E. The liturgy and ritual of the Celtic church. Oxford, 1881. The best work on this subject. 1609. WiLLi.AMS, Hugh. Some aspects of the Christian church in Wales during the fifth and sixth centuries. Soc. of Cymmrodorion, Trans., 1893-94, pp. 55-132. London, 1895. 1610. Willis-Bund, J. W. The Celtic church of Wales. London, 1897. c. CONVERSION OF ENGLAND, MONASTICISM, ETC. 161 1. Bateson, Mary. Origin and early history of double monasteries. Royal Hist. Soc, Trans., new series, xiii. 137-98. London, 1899. A scholarly paper. 1612. Birch, W. de Gray. Fasti monastici ?evi Saxonici, or an alphabetical list of the heads of religious houses in England previous to the Norman conquest. London, 1872. 1613. Browne, G. F. The conversion of the heptarchy. London, etc., 1896. Seven popular lectures. § 47] The Church 245 1614. Collins, W. E. The beginnings of English Christianity, with special reference to the coming of St, Augustine. London, 1898. 1615. HowoRTH, H. H. The Irish monks and the Norsemen. Royal Hist. Soc, Trans., viii. 281-330. London, 1880. 1616. Maclear, G. F., and Merivale, Charles. Conversion of the west. 5 vols. London, etc., [1878-79]. 1617. Pedler, E. H. The Anglo-Saxon episcopate of Cornwall. London, 1856. d. BIOGRAPHY : LIVES OF SAINTS, ETC. See § 8, especially Nos. 304-5, 334 ; No. 974 ; and, for the original sources, §§ 16 (5, 38 d. General. For the succession of bishops, see No, 1500. 1618. Miles, George. The bishops of Lindisfarne, Hexham, Chester-le-Street, and Durham, a.d. 635-1020. London, [1898]. 1619. MoRAN, P. F. Irish saints in Great Britain. Dublin, 1879. Deals with early Irish missions. 1620. Rees, Rice. An essay on the Welsh saints [to the end of the seventh century]. London, 1836. iElfric (d. 1020-25). See No. 1430. 1621. Dietrich, Eduard. Abt ^Ifrik. Zeitschrift fiir die His- iorische Theologie, xxv. 487-594, xxvi. 163-256. Gotha, 1855-56. A valuable account of his life and writings. 1622. White, C. L. -^Ifric : a new study of his life and writings. Boston, etc., 1898. The best account in English ; in large part based upon Dietrich's work. Bibliography, 199-212. Aidan [d. 651). 1623. Fryer, A. C. Aidan, the apostle of the north. London, [1884]. 246 Anglo-Saxon Period : Modern Writers [part m Alcuin {d. 804). 1624. DuMMLER, Ernst. Zur Lebensgeschichte Alchvins. Gesellsch. fiir dltere Deutsche Gesch.^ Neues Archiv, xviii. 51-70. Hanover, etc., 1893, 1625. tLAFORiT, J. B. Histoire d' Alcuin. Namur, 1898. 1626. LoRENZ, Friedrich. Alcuins Leben. Halle, 1829. — Translated by J. M. Slee : Life of Alcuin. London, 1837. 1627. MoNNiER, Francis. Alcuin et son influence chez les Franks. Paris, 1853. — 2nd edition: Alcuin et Charlemagne. Paris, 1864. 1628. MuLLiNGER, J. B. The schools of Charles the Great. London, 1877. Chs. i.-ii. Alcuin. 1629. Werner, Karl. Alcuin und sein Jahrhundert. Pader- born, 1876. New edition, Vienna, 1881. The most elaborate biography of Alcuin. 1630. West, A. F. Alcuin and the rise of the Christian schools. New York, 1892. Books on Alcuin, 197-8. Aldhelm {d. 709). 1631. BoNHOFF, Leo. Aldhelm von Malmesbury : ein Beitrag zur Kirchengeschichte. Dresden, 1894. A scholarly work. 1632. Manitius, Maximilian. Zu Aldhelm und Bseda. Vienna, 1886. pp. 102. Deals mainly with Aldhelm's literary works. Augustine {d. 604). See No. 979. 1633. Bassenge, F. E. Die Sendung Augustins zur Bekehrung der Angelsachsen, a.d. 596-604. Leipsic, 1890. pp. 75. 1634. Brou, . St. Augustin et ses compagnons, Paris, 1897. — Translation: St. Augustine of Canterbury and his com- panions. London, etc., 1897. § 47] The Church 247 1635. Browne, G. F. Augustine and his companions. London, etc., 1895. 2nd edition, 1897. A good popular account. 1636. CuTTS, E. L. Augustine of Canterbury. London, 1895. A popular handbook. 1637. Lev^que, Louis. St. Augustin de Cantorbery. Revue des Questions Historiques, April, 1899, pp. 353-423. Paris, 1899. Deals especially with his activity as a monk and missionary. 1638. Mason, A. J. (editor). The mission of St. Augustine to England, according to the original documents. Cambridge, 1897. Letters of Gregory the Great and ex- tracts from Bede, with a translation, I-160. Political outlook of Europe in 597, by C. W. [C.] Oman, 1 61-83. Mission of Augustine, by A. J. Mason, 184-208. Landing-place of Augustine, by T. ^L Hughes, 209-34. Liturgical questions, by H. A. Wilson, 235-52. Boniface {d. 755). There is a good bibliography of works relating to Boniface in Potthast's Bibliotheca (No. 25), ii. 1217-20. 1639. Buss, F. J. VON. Winfrid-Bonifacius. Gratz, 1880. 1640. Ebrard, [J. H.] A. Bonifatius : ein Nachtrag zu dem Werke ' Die iroschottische Missionskirche ' [No. 1602]. Giitersloh, 1882. 1641. Fischer, Otto. Bonifatius, der Apostel der Deutschen. Leipsic, 1881. 1642. Hahn, Heinrich. Bonifaz und Lul : ihre angelsach- sischen Korrespondenten, etc. Leipsic, 1883. Contains much information concerning Aldhelm, Egbert, archbishop of York, etc. Valuable. 1643. Hope, Mrs. [Anne]. S. Boniface and the conversion of Germany. London, 1872. 1644. KuHLMANN, Bernhard. Dcr heilige Bonifatius, Apostel der Deutschen. Paderborn, 1895. 1645. Muller, J. P. Bonifacius : eene kerkhistorische Studie. 2 pts. Amsterdam, 1869-70. 248 Anglo-Saxon Period : Modern Writers [part m 1646. Pfahler, Georg. Bonifacius und seine Zeit. Ratisbon, 1880. 1647. TrauBj Gottfried. Bonifatius : ein Lebensbild. Leip- sic, [1894]. A popular account. 1648. Werner, August. Bonifacius, der Apostel der Deut- schen. Leipsic, 1875. Cuthbert {d. 687). 1649. Eyre, Charles. The history of St. Cuthbert. London, 1849. 3rd edition, 1887. Valuable. 1650. Fryer, A. C. Cuthbert of Lindisfarne : his life and times. London, 1880. A popular account. 1651. Raine, James. Saint Cuthbert. Durham, 1828. Valuable. Patrick {d. 463?). The best biography is Todd's (No. 1657). See § 47 d. 1652. CusACK, M. F. The life of St. Patrick. London, etc., 1871. Contains a translation of his writings and of the Tripartite Life (No. 1469). 1653. Gradwell, Robert. Succat : the story of sixty years of the life of St. Patrick, a.d. 373-433. London, [1892]. A popular account. 1654. Morris, \V. B. The life of St. Patrick. London, etc., 1878. 4th edition, 1890. 1655. Nicholson, R. S. St. Patrick, apostle of Ireland in the third century. Dublin, etc., 1868. Believes that Patrick lived in the 3rd century. 1656. Robert, Benjamin. Etude critique sur la vie et Tceuvre de Saint Patrick. Paris, 1884. Devotes much attention to the medieval lives of St. Patrick. 1657. *ToDD, J. H. St. Patrick, apostle of Ireland. Dublin, 1864. § 47] The Church 249 Swithun (d. 862). 1658. Earle, John. Gloucester fragments : facsimile of some leaves in Saxon handwriting on St. Swithun. London, 1861. Essay on his life and times, 21-56. i (nth century), and two other lives Vita S. Swithuni auctore Gotzelino j of Swithun, 67-81. Wilfrid (d. 709). There is a good account of the life of Wilfrid in Bright's Early Church History (No. 1591) ; and a paper on his life in Sussex, by F. E. Sawyer, in the Collections of the Sussex Archaeological Society, 1883, xxxiii. 101-28. 1659. Browne, G. F. Theodore [of Tarsus] and Wilfrith. London, 1897. A series of popular lectures. On Theodore's life, see also William Stubbs's article in Smith and Wace's Dictionary of Christian Biography, iv. 926-32. 1660. Faber, F. W. Lives of the English saints : Wilfrid, bishop of York. London, 1844. 1661. Obser, Karl. Wilfrid der altere, Bischof von York. Heidelberg, 1884. 1662. Streeter, a. St. Wilfrid, archbishop of Canterbury. London, 1897. pp. 89. Willibrord (d. circa 738). 1663. Alberdingk-Thijm, p. P. M. Willebrordus, Apostel der Nederlanden. Lou vain, 1861. — German translation : Der heilige Willibrord. Miinster, 1863. PART IV FROM THE NORMAN CONQUEST TO ABOUT 1485 CHAPTER I ORIGINAL SOURCES Most of our information regarding the political history of this period is derived from the chroniclers (§ 48) ; and the law-writers (§ 49) throw much light on legal and other institutions. The public records are very valuable for the study of legal and constitutional history. They are examined in §§ 50-55, where they are placed under the headings to which they primarily relate ; but the contents of each record or series of records are usually of a miscellaneous character, throwing light on various kinds of institu- tions. For example, Domesday Book and the pipe rolls illustrate many subjects besides finance, and the plea rolls illustrate many subjects besides the judiciary. The language of most of the public records in this period is Latin, which was not dislodged by English until 17 31 (statute 4 George II. c. 26). In the statutes and rolls of parliament French begins to be prominent in the second half of the thirteenth century, and during the next two centuries predominates over Latin ; but English begins to be freely used in these two series of records during the fifteenth century. See Pollock and Maitland, English Law, 2nd edition, i. 80-87 j A. Giry, Manuel de Diplomatique, 472-3 ; Luders, Use of the French Language in our Laws (No. 206). For books giving an account of the public records, including some series of documents not mentioned in this chapter, see § 12, especially Scargill Bird's Guide (No. 459) and the works of Rye, Cooper, and Thomas (Nos. 310, 461, 496). See also below, app. D. 252 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [paht it §48. CHRONICLES AND ROYAL BIOGRAPHIES. a. General Collections, Nos. 1664-72. b. Alphabetical Table, Nos. 1 67 3- 1869. The most tangible effect of the Norman Conquest upon the chroniclers of England was to widen their horizon, to make their treatment of history less insular and more cosmopolitan ; this was an inevitable result of the closer contact of England with the conti- nent. The superior elegance of the Normans and their faculty of organisation, ' their orderly, systematic tendencies,' also soon left their impress upon the historiography of England. For these and other results of the Norman Conquest, see Hardy, Catalogue of ^Materials, vol. ii. preface ; and Freeman, Norman Conquest, vol. v. ch. XXV. § 3. Some advance in the art of writing history is visible in Eadmer {d. circa 11 24), but his work is circumscribed in scope. William of Malmesbury {d. circa 1142) was the first writer after Bede who at- tempted a systematic general history of England, as distinguished from an arid compilation of facts presented in chronological sequence. As a true historian who looks beneath the surface of events, he is far superior to Florence of Worcester, Simeon of Durham, Henry of Huntingdon, and other chroniclers of the period 1066-1154. There is a remarkable dearth of contemporary histories for the later years of Stephen and for the early part of the reign of Henry II. A marked feature of the historiography of England in the last quarter of the twelfth century is the prominence of certain non-monastic writers, notably ' Benedict of Peterborough,' Hoveden, Diceto, and Giraldus Cambrensis. The first three of these, who seem to have been in close touch with the courts of Henry II. and Richard I., embellished their narratives with many valuable state papers. Stubbs, in the preface to his edition of Hoveden, vol. i., gives us an account of the northern or Northumbrian school of history, which began with Bede, included his northern continuators (the lost Northumbrian annals, Simeon of Durham, and John and Richard of Hexham), and culminated in Hoveden, whose work is grafted on the Historia post Bedam. In Hoveden's time the cloisters of northern England pro- duced William of Newburgh, a genuine historian of the type of Bede and Malmesbury, who looked upon history as something more than a record of dry facts. Newburgh displays a spirit of critical research far in advance of his age. In the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries the historical literature of England is largely confined to the monasteries. Laymen or § 48] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 253 secular clerics, like Geoffrey of Monmouth, Henry of Huntingdon, Giraldus Cambrensis, Hoveden, and Diceto, are no longer prominent among the chroniclers. The annals composed in the medieval cloisters are of three kinds : those dealing mainly or wholly with the history of the writer's monastery, which are examined in § 57 ; those dealing partly with local monastic history and partly with general history ; and those dealing mainly with general history. The annals of the second kind are of great importance in the thirteenth century ; some of the best of them have been printed in Luard's Annales Monastici (No. 1664), and some of the shorter ones in Liebermann's Geschichtsquellen (No. 586). To the third group belong the writers of the St. Albans school of history, a school which produced Wend- over and Paris in the thirteenth century, Rishanger, Trokelowe, Blaneford, the Chronicon Anglije, the Annales Ricardi H. et Henrici IV., Walsingham, Amundesham, and the Register of Whethamstede in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. This series of annals, written in large part by official chroniclers of the abbey, furnishes us with the fullest account of the general history of England from about 1200 to 1422, and also gives some information concerning the period 1423-61. Matthew Paris is the greatest writer of the St. Albans school and the most eminent chronicler of the thirteenth century. The pre-eminence of St. Albans in the historiography of England, which is much greater than that of St. Denis in the historiography of France, was due partly to its proximity to London and to its position on one of the great highways of England. On the St. Albans school, see James Gairdner, Early Chroniclers of England, ch. vi. ; T. D. Hardy, Catalogue of Materials, vol. iii. preface ; and Augustus Jessopp, Studies by a Recluse, ch. i. Many other abbeys, such as those of Bury St. Edmunds, Canterbury, Durham, Malmesbury, Peterborough, Winchester, and Worcester, were also more or less active in the production of chronicles during the twelfth, thirteenth, and fourteenth centuries ; and, like St. Albans, most of them were old Benedictine houses. The Cluniacs, Cistercians, Carthusians, and other reformed orders did not accomplish much in England : the most eminent of the Cistercian writers was Ralph of Coggeshall ; among the friars the only prominent chroniclers were Trevet and Eccleston (Nos. 1S50, 2201). The best historians of the fourteenth century, those of the St. Albans school, like Rishanger and Troke- lowe, or such writers as Hemingburgh, Murimuth, and Knighton, are distinctly inferior to the best historians of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. In the fifteenth century there was a still further decline in historical literature. Walsingham [d. circa 1422) is the most eminent 254 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv chronicler of this period, and with the completion of his work the regular series of St. Albans chronicles closes. There was also a dearth of literary activity in other monasteries. The only valuable monastic chronicle in the second half of the fifteenth century is the Croyland continuation of Ingulf (No. 1798). Laymen in the cities, men like Willia m of Worcester, Hardyng, and Fabyan, were dis- placing the monks ; and in the last quarter of the century the scriptorium was beginning to make way for the printing-press : the first chronicle was printed by Caxton in 1480 (No. 1733). Among these city histories there is an interesting group of mayors' chronicles, the extant medieval examples of which, with the exception of Ricart's Bristol Calendar (No. 2375), relate only to London. The oldest are Fitz-Thed mar's Chronica Majorum, compiled in 1274, the French Croniques de London, compiled not- far from the middle of the fifteenth century, and the English Chronicle of London, compiled about 1442 (Nos. 1739, 1763). These chronicles contain the names of the chief civic officers, together with notices of the municipal and national events which occurred during each mayoralty. Owing to the important part that London played in the history of the kingdom, the civic annalists were not inclined to ignore national affairs. On this subject, see Gross, Bibliography of Municipal History, pp. xviii.- xxiii. For infor mation concerning the lives and works of the chroniclers of the period 1066-1485, see the literature in § 2, especially Hardy's Catalogue of Materials, vols, ii.-iii., Potthast's Bibliotheca, Gairdner's Early Chroniclers of England, the Dictionary of National Biography, and the prefaces or introductions to the editions in the Rolls Series. For a chronological table of the chronicles, see below, app. D. The following regnal table gives the names of the principal chroniclers, or primary authorities, for each reign, an account of whose works will be found in the alphabetical table, § 48 (^ ; the dates refer to the more valuable portions of each work. REGNAL TABLE OF CHRONICLERS. William I., 1066-87. Amiens, Guy of, 1066. Anglo-Saxon chronicle. Brevis relatio. Eadmer. Gcsta Herwardi. Jumieges. Malmesbury. Poitiers, William of, to 1067. Vitalis. Wace. Worcester, Florence of. §48] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 255 Anglo-Saxon chronicle. Eadmer. Malmesbury. William II., 1087-1100. Vitalis. Anglo-Saxon chronicle. . Durham, Simeon of, 1 1 19-29. Eadmer, to 11 09. x/^Hexham, John of, 1130-35. ^^untingdon, 1127-35. Worcester, Florence of. Henry I., 1100-1135. Jumieges. Malmesbury. Vitalis. Worcester, Florence of. Stephen, 1135-54. . Anglo-Saxon chronicle. t^Canterbury, Gervase of. Chronicon Anglo-Scoticum. V^Gesta Stephani, II35-47. Hexham, John of. Hexham, Richard of, 1 135-39. Huntingdon. Malmesbury, to 1 142. Newburgh. /Rievaulx, Aelred of, II 38. /Torigni, 11 53-54- Vitalis, to 1 141. /Worcester, Florence of (continuation), to 1141. Henry II., 1154-89. Canterbury, Gervase of. Chronica de Mailros. Chronicon Anglo-Scoticum. Continuatio Beccensis, 1157-60. Diceto, 1173-89. Fantosme, 1173-74. Giraldus Cambrensis. Histoire de Guillaume Marechal, yNewburgh. Niger. Peterborough, Benedict of, 1169-92, Rigord, 1179-89. Rouen, Etienne de, 1153-69. Song of Dermot, to 1 175. Torigni, 1154-70. Vigeois, to 1 184. Ambrose. Canterbuiy, Gervase of. Chronica de Mailros. Coggeshall. Devizes, 1189-92. Diceto. Richard I., 1189-99. j Histoire de Guillaume Marechal. Hoveden, 1192-99. Itinerarium. Newburgh. Peterborough, Benedict of, to 1192. Rigord. John, 1199-12 16. Annales monastic! : No. 1664. Annales S. Edmundi, to I2I2. Annales Stanleienses, 1204-I4. Canterbury, Gervase of, to 1 2 10. Chronica de Mailros. Coggeshall. Coventry. Diceto, to 1202. Histoire de Guillaume Marechal. Histoire des dues de Normandie. Hoveden, 1199-1201. Rigord and William of Armorica : No. 1835. Wendover. 256 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv Annales monastici : No. 1664 Annales S. Pauli, 1250-72. Chronica de Mailros. Chronicon de Lanercost. Coggeshall, to 1223. Cotton, 1264-72. Coventry, to 1225. Fitz-Thedmar. Flores historiarum, 1259-72. Hen'ry III., 1216-72. Gloucester, Robert of. Histoire de Guillaume 1219. Paris, 1235-59. Rishanger, 1259-72. Silgrave, 1263-67. Tayster, 1258-65. Wendover, to 1235. Mar^chal, to Edward I. Annales Londonienses, 1301-7. Annales monastici : No. 1664. Annales regni Scotiae. Barbour. Chronicon de Lanercost. Commendatio lamentabilis. Cotton, to 1298. Edward II. Annales Londonienses, to 13 16. Annales Paulini. Baker. Barbour. Blaneford, 1323-24. Chronicon de Lanercost. Flores historiarum. 1272-1307. Flores historiarum. Fordun. Hemingburgh. Langtoft. Rishanger. Trevet. , 1307-27. Fordun. Gesta Edwardi. Gray's Scalacronica. Hemingburgh, to 1315. More. Trokelowe, to 1323. Vita Edwardi II. Annales Paulini, to 1341. Avesbury, 1339-56. Baker, to 1356. Chandos. Chronicon AngliJB. Chronicon de Lanercost, to 1346, Eulogium historiarum, 1356-77. Fordun. Froissart. Edward III., 1327-77. Gesta Edwardi : No. 1779. Gray's Scalacronica, to 1362. Hemingburgh, to 1346. Islip. Klerk, 1337-41. Knighton, 1336-66. Le Bel, 1326-61. Murimuth (with continuation), 1337-77. Wyntoun. Richard II., 1377-99 Annales Ric. II., etc., 1392- 1406. 1 Froissart. Anominalle cronicle, 1 381. Chronicon Angli^e, to 1 388. Chronique de la traison, 1397-I400. Chronique du religieux. Creton, 1399. Historia vitce Ric. II. Knighton (continuation), to 1395. Le Beau. Otterbourne. Usk, 1397-99. Eulogium historiarum (continuation). | Walsingham. § 48] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 257 Henry IV., 1399-1413. II., etc., to 1406. 1746, Annales Ric. Capgrave. Chronicon Angli^e : No. Chronique du religieux. Eulogium historiarum (continuation). Froissart, to 1400. Historia vitae Ric. II. Monstrelet. Otterbourne. Usk, to 1404. Walsingham. Henry v., 1413-22. Capgrave. Chronique du religieux. EIniham. Henrici V. gesta, 141 3- 16. Journal d'un bourgeois. Juvenal des Ursins. Le Fevre, 1415. Livy. Monstrelet. Otterbourne, to 1420. Page, 14 1 8. Versus rhythmici. Walsingham. Henry VI., 1422-61. Account of St. Albans battle, 1455. Amundesham, 1421-40. Berry the Herald, 1449-50. Blakman. Blondel, 1449-50. Capgrave, to 1446. Chronicle (Brief English). Chronicle of Rich. II., etc. : No. 1743. Gregory's Chronicle. Histories Croylandensis continuatio, 1459-85- Journal d'un bourgeois, to 1449. Monstrelet, to 1444. Notes (Brief), 1459-62. Waurin, 1444-71. Whethamstede's Register, 1455-61. Worcester, William of. Edward IV., 1461-83. Chronicle of the rebellion, 1470. Chronicle (Brief Latin), 1461-64. Chronicle (Short English), to 1465. Commines. Fabyan. Fragment of a chronicle, 1459-70. Gregory's Chronicle, to 1469. Historise Croylandensis continuatio. Historic of the arrivall of Edw. lY., 1471. Notes (Brief), 1459-62. Warkworth's Chronicle, 1461-74. Waurin, to 1471. Worcester, William of, to 146S. Fabyan. Hall. Historice Croylandensis continuatio. Richard HI., 1483-85. More. Ross. Vergil. a. GENERAL COLLECTIONS OF CHRONICLERS. The larger collections of chroniclers will be found in § 16. The particular chronicles mentioned below are described in the alpha- betical table, § 48 l>. 258 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [paet iv 1664. *Annales monastici [a.d. 1-1432], ed. H. R. Luard. Series. 5 vols. London, 1864-69. Roils mondsey. Vol. iv. Annals of Osney and Worces- ter ; and W)'kes's Chronicle. Vol. V. Index and glossary. Vol. i. Annals of Margan, Tewkesbury, and Burton. Vol. ii. Annals of Winton and Waver- ley. Vol. iii. Annals of Dunstable and Ber- This collection comprises the most important monastic annals (of the second type described above, p. 253) written in the 13th centur)-. Each work contains the annals of a monastery interwoven with general history. The collection is of great value for the political historj' of the 13th century, especially for the relations of the barons to Henry III. 1665. Chronica monasterii S. Albani [a.d. 793-1488], ed. H. T. Riley. Rolls Series. 12 vols. London, 1863-76. Contains Walsingham's Historia Anglicana, 2 vols., his Ypodigma Neustriae, I vol., and his Gesta Abbatum, 3vols. ; Rishanger and two anonymous chronicles (Nos. 1681, 1699), I vol. ; Trokelowe, Blaneford, the Opus Chronicorum, and Annales Ricardi II. et Henrici IV. , i vol. ; Amundesham's Annales and an anonymous chronicle (No. 1679), 2 vols. ; and Registra Abbatum (No. 2407), 2 vols. This collection comprises the principal chroniclers of St. Albans, except Wendover and Paris. 1666. Chronicles of the reigns of Edward I. and Edward IL, ed. William Stubbs. Rolls Series. 2 vols. London, 1882-83. Vol. i. Annales Londonienses and narvan ; the anonymous Vita Ed- Annales Paulini. ! wardi II. ; and iMore's Vita Ed- Vol. ii. Commendatio lamentabilis Ed- wardi I. ; Gesta Edwardi de Car- wardi II. 1667. Chronicles of the reigns of Stephen, Henry IL, and Rolls Series. 4 vols. London, Richard L, ed. Richard Howlett. 1884-89. Vol. i. William of Newburgh's history, bks. i.-iv. Vol. ii. The same, bk. v., with a con- tinuation to 1298 ; and the Draco Normannicus of Etienne de Rouen. Vol. iii. Gesta Stcphani ; the chronicle 1668. Chronicles of the white rose of York : a series of fragments, proclamations, letters, and other contemporary documents relating to the reign of Edward IV. [ed. J. A. Giles]. London, 1845. Fragment of an old English chronicle, j Warkworth's Chronicle, 97-1 42. i_30. ! Proclamations, etc., of Richard III. of Richard of Hexham ; Aelred of Rievaulx's Relatio de standardo ; the chronicles of Jordan Fantosme and Richard of Devizes. \o\. iv. Robert of Torigni. History of the arrival of Edward IV., 31-96. (1483), 269-82. § 48] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 259 The three English chronicles in this collection, which are here presented in modern orthography, were written by eye-witnesses of the events narrated. They are not well edited. 1669. Historical collections of a citizen of London in the fifteenth century, ed. James Gairdner. Camden Soc. London, [1876]. Page's poem on the siege of Rouen, i- 46. Lydgate's verses on the kings of Eng- land, 47-54. Gregory's Chronicle, 55-239. These three pieces are taken from a fifteenth century commonplace book of a citizen of London ; perhaps it was made by William Gregory, skinner, who was mayor of London in 1451. 1670. Memorials of Henry V., ed. C. A. Cole. Roils Series. London, 1858. Redman's Vita, 1-59. Elmham's Liber metricus, 77-165. Versus in laudem regis, 61-75. 1671. Scriptores rerum gestarum Willelmi Conquestoris, ed. J. A. Giles. Caxton Soc. London, 1845. Brevis relalio, I-23. Guy of Amiens, 27-51. William of Poitiers, 77-159. Annalis historia brevis, 161-74. Chrestien de Troyes, 179-269. Le dit de Guillaume, 270-97. 1672. Three fifteenth-century chronicles, ed. James Gairdner. Camden Soc. [London], 1880. A short EngUsh chronicle, I-80 : No. 1738. Historical memoranda (Cade's procla- mation, etc.), 81-I47. Brief notes (a Latin chronicle, 1422- 62), 148-63 : No. 1825. A brief Latin chronicle, 1429-71, pp. 164-85 : No. 1737. b. ALPHABETICAL TABLE OF CHRONICLERS. When two or more editions of a chronicle are given in the follow- ing list, the best edition is usually mentioned first. The chronicles are Latin, unless otherwise stated. For various brief ' Annales ' not included in this list, see No. 586. For other French chroniclers besides those mentioned below, see Potthast and Monod (Nos. 25, 31). 1673. Abbreviata cronica, 1377-1469, ed. J. J. Smith. Cam- bridge Antiq. Soc. Cambridge, etc., 1840. pp. 21. Brief historical notes, seemingly written by John Herrison, who was chancellor of the university of Cambridge in 1465. s 2 26o A.D. 1 066- 1 48 5 : Original Sources [paet iv 1674. Abbreviatio chronicorum i^jiglise [1000-1255], ed. Frederic Madden, Matthasi Parisiensis Historia Anglorum, iii. 151-348. Rolls Series. London, 1869. Written at St. Albans, and ascribed by Madden to Matthew Paris. Probably it was not his work, but the anonpiious author borrowed much from Paris. See Hardy, Catalogue of Materials, iii. 140-41. 1675. Account of the first battle of St. Albans [1455], from a contemporary manuscript, ed. John Bayley. Soc. ofAjitiq. of London, Archgeologia, xx. 519-23. London, 1824. Written in English. 1676. Agnellus, Thomas {fl. 1183). De morte et sepultura Henrici regis junioris [1183], ed. Joseph Stevenson, Radulphi de Coggeshall Chronicon Anglicanum, 263-73. Rolls Series. Lon- don, 1875. Stevenson calls it ' a contemporary account of an event which deeply moved the feelings of England and France at the time when it occurred, and exercised no trifling influence upon the history of these two kingdoms. ' The tract eulogises the young king. The author was archdeacon of Wells. l677' Ambrose {fl. 1195). L'estoire de la guerre sainte, 1190- 92 [with a translation], ed. Gaston Paris. Docuf?ients Inedits. Paris, 1897. — Extracts, in Pertz's Scriptores (No. 594), xxvii. 532-46. Hanover, 1885. A history of the third crusade, written in French verse in 1195 or 1 196 by Ambrose, who seems to have heen a. Jongleur o{ Evreux. He took part in the crusade. The Itinerarium Regis Ricardi is a Latin translation of this poem : see No. 1803. 1678. Amiens, Guy of {d. circa 1075). De bello Hastingensi carmen auctore W[idone], in Petrie's Monumenta, 856-72. London, 1848. — Reprinted in app. C to the Report on Rymer's Foedera (No. 2099), 73-86. — Other editions: in Michel's Chroniques Anglo-Normandes, iii. 1-38, Rouen, 1840 ; Giles's Scriptores (No. 1671), 27-51, London, 1845. This anonymous poem, probably written by Guy, bishop of Amiens, and com- pleted about 1068, affords valuable information concerning the battle of Hastings and concerning events n England for about four months after the battle. 1679. Amundesham, John. Annales monasterii S. Albani, 1421-40, quibus praefigitur Chronicon rerum gestarum in monasterio S. Albani, 1422-31, a quodam auctore ignoto compilatum, ed. H. T. Riley. Rolls Series. 2 vols. London, 1870-71. These annals, probably written before 1452, give some information con- cerning the current events of the day, but are devoted mainly to the affairs of the § 48] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 261 abbey. Amundesham was a monk of St. Albans concerning whose life little is known. 1680. Anglo-Saxon chronicle, B.C. 60-A.D. 11 54. vSee No. 1349. Valuable for the years 1066-1154. 1681. Annales Anglise et Scotite [i 292-1300], ed. H. T. Riley, Willelmi Rishanger Chronica, etc. (No. 1836), 371-408. Rolls Series. London, 1865. These annals, written at St. Albans, were used in the compilation of Rishanger's chronicle. Bale probably erred in asserting that Rishanger wrote them ; they were perhaps penned by the same hand as the Opus Chronicorum (No. 1826), and were probably intended as a continuation of the Annales Regni ScotiK (No. 1699). 1682. Annales Cambrise, a.d. 444-954, with a continuation to 1288. See No. 1351. One of the chief authorities on Welsh history. 1683. Annales Cestrienses, or chronicle of the abbey of S. Werburg at Chester [a.d. 1-1297, with a translation], ed. R. C. Christie. Record Soc. for Lane, and Chesh. [London], 1887. Probably written at Chester under the direction of Abbot Simon of Whitchurch (i/. 1290) and completed after liis death. The work deals mainly with the affairs of the kingdom. IMuch seems to be derived from Matthew Paris, but most of the entries from 1250 onward are original. The author favours the cause of Simon de Montfort. For a collation of Christie's text with the Lichfield MS. , see Reports of the Historical MSS. Commission, 1895, xiv. pt. viii. 206-11. 1684. Annales de Margan sive Chronica abbreviata [1066-1232], ed. H. R. Luard, Annales Monastici, i. 1-40. Rolls Series. Lon- don, 1864. — Another edition (bad), in Gale's Scriptores Quinque, 1-19. Oxford, 1687. Written in the 13th century. Contain many notices of public events relating to England and Wales. The portion 1066-I147 is meagre, and is derived mainly from William of Malmesbury. 1685. Annales de Monte Fernandi : annals of INlultifernan, a.d. 45-1274, ed. Aquilla Smith. Irish Archceol. Soc, Tracts relating to Ireland, vol. ii. [pt. ii.] 1-26. Dublin, 1843 [1842]. Although these annals record few facts relating to the history of Ireland which are not found elsewhere, ' they claim some degree of attention from their antiquity, and are perhaps the most ancient annals of this country written exclusively in the Latin language.' It is not certain that they were compiled in the monastery of Multifernan. Ware conjectured that the author was Stephen of Exeter {b. 1246). 262 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv 1686. Annales Dorenses [a.d. T-1283, with a continuation to 1362], ed. Reinhold Pauli, in Pertz's Scriptores (No. 594), xxvii. 514- 31. Hanover, 1885. Pauli edits only extracts, a.d. 687-1362. These annals of the abbey of Dore, in Herefordshire, deal with the general histor}' of England. The chief sources of the original work, to 1283, are Robert of Torigni, the Annals of Margan, and the Annals of Tewkesbury. 1687. Annales Furnesienses [i 199-1298], ed. Richard Howlett, Willelmi de Novoburgo Historia Rerum Anglicarum, ii. 501-83. Rolls Series. London, 1885. A continuation of William of Newburgh's history, written in Furness abbey late in the 13th century. From 1202 to 127 1 it is derived mainly from the Annales Stanleienses. 1688. Annales Hibernige, 1 162-1370, ed. J T. Gilbert, Chartu- laries of St. Mary's Abbey, Dublin, ii. 303-98. Rolls Series. Lon- don, 1884. — First printed in Camden's Britannia, 794-832. Lon- don, 1607. — For a translation, see No. 343. This work has been ascribed to Christopher Pembridge of Dublin (_/?. 1370?), but the author and the time of compilation are unknown. Gilbert calls it ' the chief authority on the affairs of the English settlement in Ireland to the year 1370.' These annals agree in substance with the corresponding years of James Grace's Annales Hibernioe, edited, with a translation, by Richard Butler for the Irish Archteological Society, Dublin, 1842. Both works may have been taken from a common original. Grace compiled his annals between 1537 and 1539 ; from 1370 to 1536 they consist mainly of obits of the Lacys, Burkes, Butlers, and Fitzgeralds. 1689. Annales Hibernije ex libro Rossensi, ed. Richard Butler, The Annals of Ireland, by John Clyn and Thady Dowling, 41-46. Irish Archceol. Soc. Dublin, 1849. This fragment of the Annals of Ross contains brief notices relating to the history of Ireland, 1265-1480. 1690. Annales Londonienses [i 194-1330], ed. William Stubbs, Chronicles of the Reigns of Edward I. and Edward IL, i. 1-25 1. Rolls Series. London, 1882. In large part an abridgment of the Flores Historiarum (Xo. 1774) to 1301. The account of the general history of England, 1301-16, is valuable. The narra- tive from 1 3 16 to 1330 relates mainly to the civil history of London. The work was written by a citizen of London who had easy access to the records of the corporation, perhaps by Andrew Home, chamberlain of the city {d. 1328). § 48] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 263 1691. Annales monasterii de Bermundeseia, 1042-1432, ed. H. R. Luard, Annales Monastici, iii. 421-87. Rolls Series. London, 1866. This work, compiled circa 1433, deals mainly with the affairs of the priory of Bermondsey, but devotes some attention to general history, and is of some value for the reigns of Henry IV. and Henry V. The chief source of the earlier portion is the Flores Historiarum (No. 1774). 1692. Annales monasterii de Burton, 1004-1263, ed. H. R. Luard, Annales Monastici, i. 181-510. Rolls Series. London, 1864. — Another edition (bad), in Fulman's Scriptores, 246-448. Oxford, 1684. Written in the 13th century. The entries to 1 188 are brief, and those from 118910 1 20 1 are taken mainly from Hoveden. The part from 121 1 to 1263 (chiefly a collection of documents connected by short notices of events concerning Burton and the kingdom) is particularly valuable. Luard calls it ' one of the most valuable collections of materials for the history of the time that we possess. * The most important part is that which relates to the Provisions of Oxford and to the barons' war, 1258-63. 1693. Annales monasterii de Oseneia, 1016-1347, ed. H. R. Luard, x^nnales Monastici, iv. 1-352. Rolls Series. London, 1869. — Another edition of the years 1289-1307, in Gale's Scriptores Quinque, 118-28. Oxford, 1687. These annals, to 1258, have much in common with those of Thomas Wykes ; from' that year onward the former favour the barons, while Wykes is a strong royalist. Luard believes' that Wykes used the early portion of the Osney annals, that this portion was compiled at Osney about 1233 mainly from Diceto and Florence of Worcester, and that thereafter the events were entered from year to year, as they occurred, until 1277. The bulk of the chronicle is an original authority for the general history of England from 1233 to 1293. The part 1293- 1347 is taken from Higden and his continuator. 1694. Annales monasterii de Theokesberia, 1066-1263, ed. H. R. Luard, Annales Monastici, i. 41-180. Rolls Series. London, 1864. Written in the 13th century. Meagre to the year 1200. Entries concerning general historj' are intermingled with notices of monastic affairs. There is a valuable account of the war between Henry III. and the barons, pp. 163-S0 ; the chronicler favours the baronial cause. 1695. Annales monasterii de Waverleia, a.d. 1-1291, ed. H. R. Luard, Annales Monastici, ii. 127-41 1. Rolls Series. London, 1865. — Another edition of the years 1066-1291 (bad), in Gale's Scriptores Quinque, 129-243. O.xford, 1687. The portion to 1 157 is derived mainly from Sigebert of Gemblours, the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, and Robert of Torigni. After 11 57 the annals are 264 A.D. 1 066- 1 485 : Original Sources [paht iv original, and from 12 19 to 1266 they were written contemporaneously with the events described. Probably the entries for the years 1266-75 were taken from the Annals of Winchester (No. 1696). The Waverley chronicle forms one of the chief authorities for the reign of Heniy III., especially for the events preceding and following the battle of Evesham. Much attention is also devoted to John's reign and to the history of the abbey. 1696. Annales monasterii de Wintonia, a.d. 519-1277, ed. H. R. Luard, Annales Monastici, ii. 1-125. Rolls Series. London, 1865. — Extracts, in Wharton's Anglia Sacra, i. 288-314. London, 1691. — Translated by Joseph Stevenson, Church Historians of England, iv. pt. i. 347-84. London, 1856. The portion a.d. 519-1066 is derived from an unpubhshed chronicle, probably written by Richard of Devizes, preserved at Corpus Christi college, Cambridge, the earlier part of which is taken from Geoffrey of Monmouth. From 1066 to 1266 the Winchester annalist obtains much of his material from William of Malmesbury and Matthew Paris. The full account of the events following the battle of Evesham, 1267-77, from the pen of a contemporary writer, is very valuable. The work also contains much information concerning the bishops of Winchester. 1697. Annales Paulini, ed. Williani Stubbs, Chronicles of the Reigns of Edward L and Edward II., i. 253-370. Rolls Series. London, 1882. An abridgment of the Flores Historiarum (No. 1774) to 1307, with a valuable continuation to 1341 ; compiled by some one connected with St. Paul's. Stubbs edits the continuation only. The work contains notices of public events and details concerning the history of London. 1698. Annales prioratus de Wigornia, a.d. 1-1377, ed. H. R. Luard, Annales Monastici, iv. 353-564. Rolls Series. London, 1869. — Extracts relating to the years 680-1308, in Wharton's Anglia Sacra, i. 467-530. London, 1691. Down to 1303 these annals were written by a monk of Worcester early in the 14th century, and the work originally ended with the year 1308. The continua- tion to 1377 comprises only a few meagre entries. The Annals of Worcester contain notices of public events, and are also rich in material illustrating the his- tory of the priory and diocese of Worcester. Luard believes that they ' will always rank very high as an authority for the latter years of the thirteenth century.' 1699. Annales regni Scotias [with a translation], ed. H. J. Riley, Willelmi Rishanger Chronica, 233-368. Rolls Series. London, 1865. Deals with the disputes concerning the succession to the Scottish crown, 1291-92. This piece, attributed to Rishanger by Bale and others, was probably compiled by Jean Erturi of Caen, a contemporaiy notary public. Most of it is written in French. § 48] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 265 1700. Annales Ricardi Secundi et Henrici Quarti regum Angliae [1392-1406], ed. H. T. Riley, Johannis de Trokelowe Annales, 153-420. Rolls Series. London, 1866. Perhaps compiled by William Wintershill, a monk of St. Albans, who died about 1424. Riley calls this work 'the most valuable memorial of the period that we possess. ' The writer's sympathies are with the house of Lancaster. 1701. Annales S. Edmundi, a,d. 1-1212, ed. Felix Liebermann, Ungedruckte Anglo-Normannische Geschichtsquellen, 97-155. Stras- burg, 1879. The part 1200-1212 (a contemporary record) is valuable for the general his- tory of England. 1702. Annales S. Pauli Londoniensis [1064-1274], ed. Felix Liebermann, in Pertz's Scriptores (No. 594), xxviii. 548-51. Hanover, 1888. These annals, from which Liebermann edits extracts, 11 94- 1274, give an accurate account of the barons' war in the reign of Henry III. The author seems to have been an eye-witness of many of the events narrated from 1250 onward, 1703. Annales Stanleienses [from Brutus to 1271], ed. Richard Hewlett, Chronicles of the Reigns of Stephen, Henry H., and Richard L, ii. 506-58. Rolls Series. London, 1885. Hewlett edits only the part 1202-71. The work seems to have been begun in Stanley abbey about the middle of the 13th century. The author, who sympathises with the barons in their conflicts with John and Henry III., made use of Geoffrey of Monmouth, Coggeshall, and a lost chronicle of some value for the years 1204- 14. 1704. Annalis historia brevis sive Chronica monasterii S. Stephani Cadomensis [a.d. 633-1293], ed. Andre Duchesne, Historiae Normannorum Scriptores, 1015-21. Paris, 1619. — Reprinted in Maseres's Selecta Monumenta, 355-66, London, 1807 ; and in Giles's Scriptores (No. 1671), 161-74, London, 1845. The chronicle of Caen contains brief notices of Norman and English affairs, especially from 1066 onward. 1705. Annals from the Book of Leinster, a.d. 457-1189, with a translation of the Irish, ed. Whitley Stokes, Tripartite Life of St. Patrick, 512-29. Rolls Series. London, 1887. Written in the 1 2th century. 266 A.D. 1 066- 1 48 5 : Original Sources [part iv 1706. [Annals of Boyle.] Annales Buelliani [from the creation to 1253 or 1257], ed. Charles O'Conor, Rerum Hibernicarum Scriptores, ii. [pt. iv.] 1-48. Buckingham, 1825. O'Conor edits only the part A. D. 420-1245, which deals mainly with the history of Ireland. The text is Irish interspersed with Latin. The time of compilation is unknown. O'Curry says that ' as far as the annals themselves can show,' there is nothing to indicate that they are annals of Boyle except the words ' Annales Monasterii in Buellio in Hibernia,' written in the MS. by a modern hand. See Eugene O'Curry, Lectures on MS. Materials (Dublin, 1861), 81, 105-13. 1707. t Annals of Clonmacnoise, to 1408, translated into English, ed. Denis Murphy. Royal Soc. of Antiq. of Ireland. Dublin, 1896. This translation (completed in 1627) was made by Connell Mac Geoghegan of Lismoyne, in Westmeath. No extant copy of the Irish text is known. ' The records contained in it are brief, but they sometimes preserve details of singular interest, not to be found in any of our other annals ' : Eugene O'Curry, Lectures on MS. Materials, 131. 1708. [Annals of Innisfallen.] Annales Inisfalenses [from the creation to 1319], ed. Charles O'Conor, Rerum Hibernicarum Scriptores, ii. [pt. ii.] 1-156, [pt. iii.] 1-83. Buckingham, 1825. O'Conor edits only the part a.d. 428- i 196. The text is Irish interspersed with Latin. The composition of a large portion of this valuable account of Irish history is usually ascribed to the year 121 5, but it was probably begun two cen- turies earlier. See Eugene O'Curry, Lectures on MS. Materials, 75-81. 1709. Annals of Ireland, 1308-10, 1316-17, ed. J. T. Gilbert, Chartularies of St. Mary's Abbey, Dublin, ii. 293-302. Rolls Series. London, 1884. A valuable fragment. 1710. Annals of Ireland, 1443-68. Translated from the Irish by Dudley Firbisse, or Duald Mac Firbiss, for Sir James Ware in 1666. [Edited by John O'Donovan.] Irish Archceol. Soc, Miscellany, i. 198-302. Dublin, 1846. It is difficult to ascertain from what compilation Mac Firbiss made this trans- lation. 1711. Annals of Loch Ce : a chronicle of Irish affairs, 1014- 1590 [Irish text, with a translation], ed. W. M. Hennessy. Rolls Series. 2 vols. London, 187 1. To 1220 the contents of this work and the Annals of Ulster are similar. ' In chronology as well as the general character the Annals of Loch Ce resemble the § 48] Chronicles and Roval Biographies 267 Annals of Tigernach, the Annals of Ulster, and the Chronicon Scoloruni ; hul they are much more copious in details of the afifairs of Connacht than any of our other annals ' : Eugene O'Curry, Lectures on MS. Materials, loi ; cf. ibid., 93- 104. 1712. *Annals of the kingdom of Ireland, by the four masters, from the earliest period to 16 16 [Irish text, with a translation], ed. John O'Donovan. 7 vols. Dublin, 185 1. Vols, iii.-v. of this edition were first published in 1848; vol. vii. is an index. — Another edition of the part to 1 1 7 1 (inaccurate), in O'Conor's Rerum Hibernicarum Scriptores, vol. iii, Buckingham, 1824. A digest of various old annals of Ireland, many of which have been lost. It was compiled in 1632-36, in the Franciscan monastery of Donegal, by Michael, Conary, and Cucogry O'Clery, and Ferfeasa O'Mulconry. Michael O'Clery was the most active of the compilers. Colgan first called them the Four Masters. O'Curry says that ' this magnificent compilation ' will ever be regarded ' as affording a safe and solid foundation for the labours of future historians ' ; and Joyce, in his Short History of England (No. 939), p. 31, calls O'Donovan's edi- tion ' the greatest and most important work on Ireland every issued by an Irish publisher.' See Eugene O'Curry, Lectures on MS. Materials, 140-61. 1713. Annals of Ulster, otherwise Annals of Senat : a chronicle of Irish affairs, a.d. 431-1540 [Irish text, with a translation], ed. W. M. Hennessy [vols. ii. iii., by B. MacCarthy]. Published by the authority of the lords commissioners of her majesty's treasury. 3 vols. Dublin, 1887-95. — Another edition of the part to 1131 (very inaccurate), in O'Conor's Rerum Hibernicarum Scriptores, vol. iv. Buckingham, 1826. Compiled on the island of Senait Mac Manus, now called Belle Isle, in Loch Erne, by Cathal Maguire, who died in 1498 ; continued to 1540 by Rory O'Cassidy, and afterwards by an unknown writer to 1 604. The work relates more to the history of Ulster than to that of any of the other provinces of Ireland. For a severe criticism of the new edition, see Whitley Stokes, The Annals of Ulster, in Revue Celtique, 1897, xviii. 74-86. He says that ' the volumes here noticed are worse than worthless, as their existence will for years, perhaps for ever, preclude the publication of an accurate edition of one of the best documentary sources of the history of Ireland.' See also Eugene O'Curry, Lectures on MS. Materials, 83-92. 1714. Anominalle cronicle (Oute of an) belonginge to the abbey of St, Maries in Yorke, ed. G. M. Trevelyan. English Hist. Review, xiii. 509-22. London, 1898. An account of the rising of 1381, written in French in north England. ' It contains a great deal of new matter, especially as regards the beginning of the rising in Essex and Kent. ' 268 A.D. 1 066-148 5 : Original Sources [part iv 1715. Arnold, Richard {d. 152 1). The customs of London, otherwise called Arnold's Chronicle. Reprinted from the first edition [circa 1502], with the additions included in the second [circa 1520]. [Edited by Francis Douce.] London, 181 1. Contains a list of mayors and sheriffs, with brief historical notes, 1189-1520. The bulk of the work is a collection of charters, municipal regulations, and other documents relating chiefly to London in the 14th and 15th centuries. It was first called Arnold's ' Chronicle ' by Thomas Hearne. Arnold was a citizen of London. 1716. AvESBURY, Robert of (/?. circa 1356). De gestis mira- bilibus regis Edwardi Tertii [to 1356], ed. E. M. Thompson. Rolls Series. London, 1889. — Another edition, by Thomas Hearne. Oxford, 1720. Deals especially with the military history of Edward III.'s reign, 1339-56; contains many valuable documents. Avesbury was registrar of the court of the archbishop of Canterbury. Particulars of his life are not known. 1717. Baker, Geoffrey le {d. 1358-60). Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke [1303-56], ed. E. M. Thompson. Oxford, 1889. — Another edition, by J. A. Giles. Caxton Soc. London, 1847. Relies mainly on Adam of Murimuth down to 1341, but gives much informa- tion not found elsewhere. More's Life of Edward II. (No. 1820) is an extract from Baker's Chronicon. In 1347 Baker also wrote a worthless Chroniculum, extending from the creation to 1336, which Thompson edits with the Chronicon, pp. 156-75. Swinbroke, Oxfordshire, seems to have been Baker's native place, and he was a cleric. ^ 1718. Barbour, John {d. 1395). The Bruce, or the book of Robert de Broyss, king of Scots [i 286-1332], ed. W. W. Skeat. Scottish Text Soc. 2 vols. Edinburgh, etc., 1894. This is mainly a reprint of the edition prepared by Skeat for the Early English Text Society, 1870-89. — For other editions, see Potthast, Bibliotheca, i. 133, and Skeat's edition of 1894, vol. i. preface. This English poem, written between 1375 and 1377, is a valuable national epic, which gives an account of the Scotch war of independence, and narrates the deeds of King Robert I. of Scotland. Barbour was archdeacon of Aberdeen and an auditor of the exchequer of Scotland. 1719. Berry, Herault du Roy {d. circa 1457). Le recouvrement de Normendie [French text, with a translation], ed. Joseph Steven- son, Narratives of the Expulsion of the English from Normandy, 1449-50, pp. 239-376. Rolls Series. London, 1863. Berry's real name was Gilles le Bouvier. He was king-of-arms of Charles VII. for the district of Berry. § 48] Chronicles and -Royal BiocxRaphies 269 1720. Beverley, Alured of. Annales sive Historia de gestis regum Britanniae [from Brutus to 11 29], ed. Thomas Hearne. Ox- ford, 1 7 16. A worthless compilation, taken mainly from Geoffrey of Monmouth and Simeon of Durham ; written seemingly soon after 1 143. The author was sacristan of the church of Beverley. The time of his death is unknown. 1721. Blakman, John. De virtutibus et miraculis Henrici VI., ed. Thomas Hearne, in his edition of Otterbourne (No. 1827), 285- 307. Oxford, 1732. An interesting characterisation of Henry VL, written by a Carthusian who flourished during that king's reign. 1722. Blaneford, Henry of. Chronica [1323-24], ed. H. T. Riley, Johannis de Trokelowe et Henrici de Blaneforde Chronica et Annales, 131-52. Rolls Series. London, 1866. — • Another edition, with Trokelowe's Annals, by Thomas Hearne. Oxford, 1729. A fragment of a larger chronicle, written soon after 1330 and probably in- tended as a continuation of Trokelowe's Annals. The author was a monk of St. Albans of whose life we have no particulars. 1723. Blondel, Robert (d. circa 1461). De reductione Nor- mannise, ed. Joseph Stevenson, Narratives of the Expulsion of the English from Normandy, 1449-50, pp. 1-238. Rolls Series. London, 1863. — Another edition, by Alexandre Heron, CEuvres de Robert Blondel, vol. ii. Societe de mistoire de JVormandie. Rouen, 1893. A trustworthy account of the expulsion of the English from Normandy, in 1449-50. The author, a native of Normandy, was an ardent adherent of Charles VH. See Auguste Vallet de Viriville, Notice sur Robert Blondel, in Memoires de la Societe des Antiquaires de Normandie, 1851, xix. 161-226. 1724. Book of Howth, ed. J. S. Brewer and William Bullen, Calendar of Carew MSS., 1-260. Rolls Series. London, 187 1. Called the Book of Howth because it used to be in the possession of the family of Howth. It was compiled by various unknown writers, one of whom was perhaps Richard Howth (d. 1554). It is a chronicle of Irish affairs, circa A.D. 330-1579, written in English. The authorities used were Bede, Giraldus Cambrensis, Higden, Fabyan, etc. ; the part dealing with the conquest of Ireland seems to be taken mainly from an early translation of the Expugnatio of Giraldus Cambrensis. The work is chiefly valuable for ' the traditional anecdotes and personal notices contained in it.' See J. H. Round, Commune of London, 146-9. 270 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv 1725. Bray, Thomas. The English conquest of Ireland, 1166- 85 : a parallel text, ed. F. J. Furnivall. Pt. i. : Text. Early English Text Soc. London, 1896. — Another edition, by J. S. Brewer and William Bullen, Calendar of Carew MSS., 261-317. Jio//s Series. London, 187 1. Probably copied, in large part, from an early English translation of the Expugnatio Hibernica of Giraldus Cambrensis. Bray seems to have lived in the 15th century: Tanner, Bibliotheca (No. 52), 122. 1726. Brevis relatio de origine Willelmi, ed. J. A. Giles, Scriptores Rerum Gestarum Willelmi Conquestoris, 1-23. Caxton Soc. London, 1845. — Another edition, by Silas Taylor, History of Gavelkind, 185-209. London, 1663. ' This account, though brief, is apparently truthful.' It seems to have been written in the reign of Henry I. 1727. Brompton, John {fl. 1437). Chronicon, a.d. 588-1198 [1199], ed. Roger Twysden, Scriptores X., 721-1284. London, 1652. An untrustworthy chronicle, made up of extracts from Bede, Henry of Huntingdon, Higden, and other well-known sources. It is not certain that Brompton wrote it. He was elected abbot of Jervaulx in 1437. See Hardy, Catalogue of Materials, ii. 539-41. 1728. *Brut y tywysogion [Welsh text, a.d. 660-1282], ed. Owen Jones. Myvyrian Archaiology of Wales, ii. 391-582. London, 1801. — The part a.d. 681-1066, with a translation [ed. Aneurin Owen], in Petrie's Monumenta, 841-55. London, 1848. — Brut y tywysogion, or the chronicle of the princes [a.d. 681-1282, with a translation], ed. John Williams ab Ithel. Rolls Series. London, i860. — Brut y tywysogion: the Gwentian chronicle of Caradoc of Llancarvan, with a translation [a.d. 660-1196], ed. Aneurin Owen. Cambrian Archceol. Assoc. London, 1863. — Best edition of the Welsh text, a.d. 680-1282, ed. John Rhys and J. G. Evans, in The Red Book of Hergest, vol. ii. : The Text of the Bruts from the Red Book, 257-384. Oxford, 1890. One of the chief authorities for Welsh history. Down to 11 20 it seems to be a Welsh translation of the lost Latin chronicle compiled by Caradoc of Llancar- van, who died about the middle of the 12th century. The earlier portion, to 954, was probably based on the Annates Cambriae (No. 1682). The various MSS. end at different periods. From about A.D. iioo onward the work seems to be contemporary with the events narrated. It was perhaps compiled in the abbey of Strata Florida. The Brut y Saesson, or Chronicle of the Saxons, A.D. 800-1382, is a nummary §18] Chronicles and Royal BiOGRArHiKs 271 or corrupted version of the Brut y Tywysogion. It is printed in The Text of the Bruts, ed. Rhys and Evans, ii. 385-403. 1729. Burton, Thomas of [d. 1437). Chronica monasterii de Melsa [i 150-1396, with a continuation to 1406], ed. E. A. Bond. Rolls Series. 3 vols. London, 1866-68. ' A faithful and often minute record of the estabhshment of a religious com- munity, its progress . . . and its relations to the governing institutions of the country' ; compiled after 1399. In his account of each abbot's rule, Burton treats of the affairs of the abbey of Melsa, or Meaux, and then reviews the leading events of English historj'. Much of this general history is taken from Higden's Polychronicon. With the reign of Edward I. the narrative of public affairs expands, and the portions concerning the relations of England to Scotland are of some value. Burton was abbot of Meaux, 1396-99. 1730. Canterbury, Gervasp: of {d. circa 12 10). The his- torical works of Ciervase of Canterbury, ed. William Stubbs. RoHs Series. 2 vols. London, 1879-80. Chronica, 1135-99, preceded by a brief account of the years 1100-1135, i. 84-594. Another edition, in Twysden's Scriptores X., 1652, pp. 1289-1628. The author used Henry of Huntingdon, Benedict of Peterborough, the bio- graphies of Becket, etc. The work is of some value for the reigns of Stephen, Henry II., and Richard I. The portion 1170-99 deals mainly with ecclesi- astical affairs. The earlier part (ed. Stubbs, i. 29-38) contains the Imagina- tiones, or statements of the case of each side in the disputes between the arch- bishop and the monks of St. Augustine, Canterbury, 1 178-91. Gesta regum, from Brutus to 12 10, with a continuation to 1328, ii. 3-324. Valuable for the reign of John. The part to 1 135 is drawn mainly from Geoffrey of Monmouth and William of Malmesbury, and this is followed by an abstract of Gervase's Chronica, 1135-99. Actus pontificum Cantuariensis ecclesice, A. D. 597-1205, ii. 325-414. An- other edition, in Twysden's Scriptores X., 1652, pp. 1629-84. Translated by Joseph Stevenson, Church Historians of England, vol. v. pt. i., London, 1858. A standard authority on the history of the archbishopric. Mappa mundi, ii. 414-49 : a survey of the counties of England (lists of bishoprics, religious houses, castles, etc. ). This work is now of little value. In his writings Gervase exhibits much dislike of the Plantagenet kings. Though of some importance, he is not a chronicler of the first rank. He was made a monk of Christ church, Canterbury, in 1163, and he was sacristan of the convent in 1 193. 1731. Capgrave, John {d. 1464). The chronicle of England [from the creation to 141 7], ed. F. C. Hingeston. Ro//s Series. London, 1858. — Liber de illustribus Henricis, ed. F. C. Hingeston. Rolls Series. London, 1858. Translated by F. C. Hingeston: The book of the illustrious Henries. London, 1858. Both works are badly edited. The Chronicle of England is written in English ; Capgrave was engaged in compiling it at the time of his death. The 2/2 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv other work, completed between 1446 and 1453, is a collection of memoirs of German emperors, A.D. 918-1198, English kings, 1100-1446, and other illustrious men who had borne the name of Henry in various parts of the world, 1031-1406. The portion relating to Henry VI. is a contemporary record, but it consists mainly of ' pious ejaculations' in praise of the king. The chapters relating to the other Henries of England are derived from well-known chroniclers (Henry of Huntingdon, Higden, etc.). Capgrave was an Augustinian friar of Lynn. 1732. Case, Thomas. Annales monasterii beatse Mariae virginis, juxta Dublin [a.d. 1-1405], ed. J. T. Gilbert, Chartularies of St. Mary's Abbey, Dublin, ii. 241-92. Rolls Series. London, 1884. Completed in 1427. Devotes much attention to the history of England and Ireland. The information is drawn from Henry of Huntingdon, Giraldus Cam- brensis, and other chroniclers. 1733. Caxton, William {d. 1491). The chronicles of England. London, 1480. — Other editions: London, 1482; St. Albans, [1483] ; Antwerp, 1493 ; London, 1497, 1502, 1504, 1510, 1515, 1520, 1528. This compilation has no historical value. It is also called Caxton's Chronicle, and the Chronicles of St. Albans. A chronicle in French, extending to 1333 and founded on Geoffrey of Monmouth's Historia Regum, is the basis of Caxton's work, in which the narrative is continued to 1460. An English version of the French text, which was called Le Livre du Brut by the author of the Debat des Herauts (No. 2797), was well known in the 15th century under the title Chronicle of Brute. Caxton printed it, probably after making some additions to his copy. He was a mercer of London who introduced the printing-press into England. See William Blades, Life and Typography of Caxton, 2 vols., London, 1861-63, and his Biography and Typography of Caxton, London, 1877 (2nd edition, 1882) ; Frederic Madden, The Ancient English Romance of Havelok the Dane, pp. xxv.-xxviii., Roxburghe Club, London, 1828; Paul Meyer, De quelques Chroniques Anglo-Normandes qui ont porte le Nom de Brut, in Bulletin de la Societe des Anciens Textes Frangais, 1878, pp. 104-45. On the Chronicle of Brute, see also Hardy's edition of Waurin (No. 1863), vol. i. pp. Ixi.-lxxiii. 1734. Chandos. Le Prince Noir, poeme du heraut d'armes Chandos [with a translation], ed. Francisque Michel. London, etc., 1883. — Another edition, by H. O. Coxe : The Black Prince, an historical poem written in French, with a translation. Roxburghe Club. London, 1842. Written about 1386. The author appears to have been an eye-witness of many of the events which he narrates. He was the herald of Sir John Chandos, con- stable of Aquitaine, § 48] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 273 1735. Chronica de Mailros [a.d. 731-1275, ed. Joseph Steven- son]. Bannatyne Chib. Edinburgh, 1835. — Another edition, in Fulman's Scriptores, 135-244. Oxford, 1684. — Translated by Joseph Stevenson, Church Historians of England, iv. pt. i. 79-242 : Chronicle of Melrose. London, 1856. The part to 1129, derived mainly from Simeon of Durham, was compiled soon after 1236 by a monk of Melrose, and the work was continued by other monks of that abbey. After the middle of the 12th century it is an original authority, and much of the information is contemporaneous. It is particularly valuable for its notices of Scotland and northern England, especially in the reign of Henry III. 1736. Chronica minor S. Benedicti de Hulmo [from the earliest times to 1294, with a continuation to 1503], ed. Henry Ellis, Chronica Johannis de Oxenedes, 412-39. Rolls Series. London, 1859. Brief annals of the monastery of St. Benet, Holme, Norfolk ; many of the notices relate to general history. I737« Chronicle (A brief Latin), 1429-71, ed. James Gairdner, Three Fifteenth-Century Chronicles, 164-85. Ca??ide?i Soc. [Lon- don], 1880. A contemporary record for the reign of Edward IV. , especially valuable for the years 1 461 -64. 1738. Chronicle (A short English) : Cronycullys of Englonde, ed. James Gairdner, Three Fifteenth- Century Chronicles, 1-80. »^ Camden Soc. [London], 1880. Comprises three short chronicles, written or transcribed by the same pen soon after 1465. The first is a brief abridgment of the Chronicle of Brute (No. 1733) to I Henry IV. Then come Lydgate's verses on the kings of England. Finally, we have one of the regular London city chronicles, 1189-1465, the latter part of which ' has all the value of an original and independent authority for the reigns of Henry VI. and Edward IV. ' 1739. Chronicle of London, 1089-1483. London, 1827. According to the Catalogue of the Library of the British Museum, this work was edited by Edward Tyrrell and N. H. Nicolas. The chronicle originally ended in 1442, about which time it was compiled ; a later hand continued it to 14S3. It is a London city chronicle, written in Enghsh, but it deals mainly with the history of the kingdom. 1740. Chronicle of the grey friars of London [i 189-1556], ed. J. G. Nichols. Camden Soc. [London], 1852. — A better edition, by Richard Howlett, Monumenta Franciscana, ii. 141-260. Rolls Series. London, 1882. Forms a part of the register book of the grey friars, and is written in English. T 274 ^-D- 1066-1485 : Original Sources [paet iv II is a regular city chronicle, dealing with general and local history, but the names of the mayors of London are omitted in Nichols's edition. The medieval portion is meagre, and was probably compiled early in the i6th century. 1741. Chronicle of the monastery of Abingdon, 12 18-1304 [Latin text, with a translation], ed. J. O. Halliwell. Berkshire Ashmolean Soc. Reading, 1844. pp. 69. Comprises additions made to a copy of Hemingburgh's Chronicle which used to belong to the monastery of Abingdon and which is now in the University library, Cambridge. For a more valuable chronicle of Abingdon, A.D. 201-I189, see No. 1358. 1742. Chronicle of the rebellion in Lincolnshire, 1470, ed. J. G. Nichols. Camden Soc, Camden Miscellany, vol. i. [London], 1847. pp. 28. Written in English. Nichols says that it ' evidently proceeded from one who wrote under the immediate influence of the royal authority and had consequently the best means of information.' 1743. Chronicle (An English) of the reigns of Richard II., Henry IV., Henry V., and Henry VI. [1377-1461], ed. J. S. Davies. Camden Soc. [London], 1856. A continuation of the Chronicle of Brute (No. 1733) ; compiled between 1461 and 1471. Of some value for the reign of Henry VI., especially for Cade's rebellion. The author was an ardent Yorkist. 1744. Chronicon abbatiae de Parco Ludse : the chronicle of Louth Park abbey [1066-1413]. Edited by Edmund Venables, with a translation by A. R. Maddison. Lincohish. Record Soc. Horn- castle, 1 89 1, pp. 85. Probably compiled in the reign of Henry VI. ; deals with general histoiy. The appendix contains a ' compotus ' roll (seemingly of the 15th century), charters, and other records, circa 1200-1614. 1745. Chronicon Anglige, 1328-88, auctore monacho quodam Sancti Albani, ed. E. M. Thompson. Rolls Series. London, 1874. — The part 1376-77, translated by John Stow, ed. Thomas Amyot : Transcript of a chronicle entitled An historical relation of certain passages about the end of Edward III. and of his death. Soc. of Antiq. of London, Archffiologia, xxii. 204-84. London, 1829. The account of the years 1376-77 is very detailed and valuable, and was probably written by a contemporary monk of St. Albans. Certain other portions of the chronicle may have been written by Walsingham. The author bitterly assails the duke of Lancaster and the Lollards. § 48] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 275 1746. Chronicon Angli^e (Incerti scriptoris) de regnis Henrici IV., Henrici V. et Henrici VI. [1399-1455], ed. J. A. Giles. [Half-title : Chronicon Angliae temporibus Ricardi II., Henrici IV., Henrici V. et Henrici VI.] London, 1848. Valuable for the reign of Henry IV. Giles omits pt. i. , which is identical with Hearne's edition of Vita Ricardi II. (No. 1797). The part relating to Henry V. is identical with No. 1789. 1747. Chronicon Angliae Petriburgense [a.d. 654-1368], eJ. J. A. Giles. Caxton Soc. London, 1845. — Another edition, in Sparke's Scriptores, 1-137. London, 1723. Compiled in the 14th century. Sparke, without good grounds, ascribes tlie latter part, circa 1 260-1 368, to Robert of Boston ; and he prints the rest of the work under the name of John of Peterborough, though he seems inclined to attri- bute it to Abbot John Deeping, who died in 1439. There was no John, abbot of Peterborough, in the 14th century. The author used Hugh Candidus, Swaffham, Huntingdon, Ingulf, and other pre-existing chroniclers. The work is of little historical value. See Felix Liebermann, Ueber Ostenglische Geschichtsquellen, in Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft flir altere Deutsche Geschichte, 1892, xviii. 235-45- For Peterborough chronicles dealing mainly with local history, see Nos. 2552, 2556. 1748. Chronicon Anglo-Scoticuna [b.c. 6o-a.d. 1189, with ad- ditions to 1355], ed. C. W. Bouterwek. Elberfeld, 1863. pp. 48. — Another edition ; Chronicon coenobii S. Crucis Edinburgensis [b.c. 60-A.D. 1 163, by Robert Pitcairn]. Bannatyne Club. Edinburgh, 1828. pp. 34. — The part a.d. 596-1163, in Wharton's Anglia Sacra, i. 152-62. London, 1691. — Translated, to 1163, by Joseph Steven- son, Church Historians of England, iv. pt. i. 61-75 • Chronicle of Holyrood. London, 1856. The portion to 11 89 seems to have been compiled late in the 12th century by an anonymous Scotch monk. To a.d. 731 it is derived from Bede ; there is a gap from 735 to 1065, and then Simeon of Durham is abridged to 1 129, with some additions. From 11 29 to 11 89 the notices, though brief, are valuable, and relate chiefly to Scotland and northern England. There are no entries for the years I190-1285, and only a few scanty notes from 1286 to 1355. 1749. Chronicon de Lanercost, 1 201-1346 [ed. Joseph Steven- son]. Ban7iatyne Club. Edinburgh, 1839. Deals with the general history of England and Scotland, and favours English interests. The greater part of this valuable work seems to have been composed in the time of Edward I., but it was probably recast and continued by an anony- mous Fransciscan friar of Carlisle, who obtained much information concerning the reigns of the three Edwards from trustworthy eye-witnesses. T 2 276 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [paet it 1750. Chronicon (Anonymi) Godstovianum, ed. Thomas Hearne, \Mlliam Roper's Vita Thomae Mori, 180-246. Oxford, 17 16. Extends from the creation to 143 1. It formerly belonged to the abbey of Godstowe, near Oxford. 1751. Chronicon monasterii de Bello. Anglia Christiana Soc. London, 1846. — Translated by M. A. Lower : The chronicle of Battel abbey, 1066-1176. London, etc., 1851. Appears to have been written about 1 1 76. Contains a brief account of the Norman Conquest, but the bulk of the chronicle relates to the history of the abbey, 1 067- 1 176. For the fragment of another Chronicon de Bello, which is of some value for the barons' war (1258-65), see Bemont, Simon de Montfort, 373-80. 1752. Chronicon Scotorum : a chronicle of Irish affairs, from the earliest times to 1135, with[a translation of the Irish text and] a supplement, 1 141-50, ed. W. M. Hennessy. Rolls Series. London, 1866. This chronicle, which was compiled in the monastery of Clonmacnoise, gives many interesting notices not found in other Irish annals. The earlier portion contains much legendary matter ; the later portion devotes much attention to the invasions of foreigners and the wars of the Irish among themselves. The unknown compiler and Tigernach (No. 1377) seem to have transcribed many passages from a common original. See Eugene O'Curry, Lectures on MS. Materials (Dublin, 1861), 120-30. 1753. Chronique de la traison et mort de Richard II., roi d'En- gleterre [1397-1400, \vith a translation of the French text], ed. Benjamin Williams. English Hist. Soc. London, 1846. The author, a native of France, spnpathises %\ath Richard II. The work, which was WTitten before 1412, resembles Le Beau's Chronique de Richard II., and may have been in part derived from Creton's poem : see Nos. 1762, 18 10. 1754. Chronique du religieux de Saint-Denys, 1380-142 2 [with a French translation of the Latin text], ed. Louis Bellaguet. Docu- inents hi'edits. 6 vols. Paris, 1839-52. — Translated by Jean Le Laboureur : Histoire de Charles VI. Paris, 1663. Written by a contemporary of the events narrated, a secretary of Charles VI. , who was in England in 1381. The work is valuable for the relations of England to France. Perhaps the author derived his information concerning Richard II. from Creton's poem (No. 1762). For the literature relating to this chronicle, see Potthast, BibUotheca, i. 3 1 3- 14. 1755. Clyn, John (df. circa 1349). Annales Hibernis ad annum 1349, ed. Richard Butler, Annals of Ireland, 1-39. Irish Archceol. Soc. Dublin, 1849. A contemporary authority for the years 1315-49. The brief notes from 'the creation to 131 5 are of little value. Clyn was a Franciscan friar of Kilkenny. § 48] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 277 1756. *CoGGESHALL, Ralph OF {d. circa 1227). Chronicon Anglicanum [1066-12 23], ed. Joseph Stevenson. Roils Series. London, 1875. — Other editions: by Edmond Martene and Ursini Durand, Veterum Scriptorum Collectio, v. 801-81, Paris, 1729; A. J. Dunkin, Radulphi Abbatis de Coggeshal Opera, 67-285, Noviomago, 1856. — Nearly the whole chronicle is also printed in Bouquet's Recueil des Historiens, xviii. 59-120. Paris, 1822. The entries to 1 1 86 are very brief ; from 1187 to 1223 they are fuller, and many of them are very valuable, especially for the reigns of John and Henry III. The part 1066-I154 seems to be compiled chiefly from Florence of Worcester or Henry of Huntingdon. Ralph was abbot of the Cistercian abbey of Coggeshall, 1207-18. See Reinhold Pauli, Geschichte von England (Hamburg, 1853), iii. 876-80. 1757. CoMiNES, Philippe de {d. 1509). Memoires [1464-98], ed. L. M. E. Dupont. Societe de mistoire de Frafice. 3 vols. Paris, 1840-47. — Translation : The history of Comines, Englished by Thomas Danett anno 1596, ed. W. E. Henley, The Tudor Trans- lations, vols, xvii-xviii. 2 vols. London, 1897. Bks. iii.-iv. contain details regarding the accession of Edward IV. and his relations to France. The author, one of the greatest historians of France, was a Burgundian who left the service of the duke of Burgundy in 1472 and entered that of Louis XI. For other editions and translations besides those mentioned above, and for the modern literature relating to Comines, see Potthast, Bibliotheca, i. 328-30. 1758- Commendatio lamentabilis in transitu magni regis Ed- wardi, ed. William Stubbs, Chronicles of the Reigns of Edward L and Edward IL, ii. 3-21. Roiis Series. London, 1883. A sort of funeral sermon on the death of Edward I. , probably written by John of London soon after July 7, 1307. The author eulogises the king. 1759* Continuatio Beccensis, 1157-60, ed. Richard Howlett, Chronicles of the Reigns of Stephen, Henry H., and Richard L, iv. 317-27. Roiis Series. London, 1889. Deals mainly with the continental transactions of Henry II. It seems to be a contemporary record. 1760. *CoTTON, Bartholomew {d. circa 1298). Historia Anglicana, a.d. 449-1298, necnon ejusdem Liber de archiepiscopis et episcopis Anglice, ed. H. R. Luard. Roiis Series. London, 1859. The Historia was begim in 1292. Bk. i. (De RegibusBritonum) is copied from Geoffrey of Monmouth, and is not printed by Luard. The part a.d. 449-1066 is mainly an abridgment of Henry of Huntingdon, and the entries from 1066 to 1291 are transcribed from the Annals of Norwich. From 1291 to 1298 the work is 2/8 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv original and contemporaneous. The above-mentioned Annals of Norwich, to 1263, are based mainly upon Matthew Paris, John of Wallingford, and Tayster ; from 1264 onward this chronicle, with Cotton's continuation, is a contemporary authority of much importance, especially for the reign of Edward I. A notable feature of this part of the work is the large number of papal bulls, royal letters, and other documents which it contains. The Liber de Archiepiscopis et Episcopis is mainly an abridgment of William of Malmesbury's De^Gestis Pontificum. The portion relating to the bishops of Norwich is also printed in Wharton's Angha Sacra, i. 403- 1 2. Cotton was a monk of the cathedral church of Norwich. 1761. *CovENTRY, Walter of. Memoriale fratris Walteri de Coventria : the historical collections of Walter of Coventry [from Brutus to 1225], ed. William Stubbs. Rolls Series. 2 vols. London, 1872-73. — A portion of the work is also printed in Bouquet's Recueil des Historiens, xviii. 164-87. Paris, 1822. Stubbs says that ' the book is one on which its creator has bestowed very, very little more than manual labour.' It was compiled between 1293 and 1307. The part down to the year 1201 is taken chiefly from Geoffrey of Monmouth, Florence of Worcester, Henry of Huntingdon, Benedict of Peterborough, and Hoveden. The entries from 1 201 to 1225, which form a continuation of Hoveden and are derived from a chronicle of the monastery of Barnwell, are of great value for the study of John's reign ; Stubbs regards them as the best source of information con- cerning the eventful years 1212-16. The Barnwell annals seem to have been drawn up about the 3'ear 1227 (perhaps at Croyland) ; after the middle of the 13th century they were incorporated in a compilation of historians made at Croy- land or Peterborough, and from that compilation were transferred into the Memo- riale. Luard, in his edition of Matthew Paris's Chronica Majora, vol. ii. p. xii., plausibly asserts that Walter of Coventry was probably not the author of this work, the title ' Memoriale ' meaning simply that he left the book as a memorial to his monastery. But Stubbs believes that ' memoriale ' means things worth remembering, or historical collections. Concerning Walter of Coventry almost nothing is known. Perhaps he was a monk of St. Mary's abbey, York, in the reign of Edward I. 1762. *Creton, Jean. Histoire du roy d'Angleterre Richard [II.], traictant particulierement la rebelHon de ses subjects [1399] ; composee par un gentilhomme frangois de marque, qui fut a la suite du diet roy [with a translation of the French text], ed. John W^ebb. Soc.ofAntiq. of London^ Arch?eologia, xx. 1-423. London, 1824. — Another edition : Poeme sur la deposition de Richard II., ed. J. A- Buchon, Collection des Chroniques Fran^aises, xxiv. 32 1-466. Paris, J826. — Translation of a French metrical history of the deposition of Richard II. [a reprint of Webb's translation in Archseologia, vol. XX.]. London, 1899. Buchon's edition is based on a better MS. than Webb's. Creton was an eye- witness of many of the events which he narrates, and his poem (seemingly written § 48] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 279 in 1401) is the chief authority for the last few months of Richard's reign. Like the author of the Chronique de la Traison (No. 1753), Creton sympathises with Richard II., to whom he was warmly attached and whom he accompanied on the expedition to Ireland in 1399. He was a squire in attendance on a French knight who had obtained leave from Charles VI. to visit England. In 1410 he was valet-de-chambre of that king. See J. H. Wylie, History of England under Henry IV. (London, 1884), i. 329-32 ; and Archoeologia, 1840, xxviii. 75-95. 1763. Croniques de London, ed. G. J. Aungier. Camden Soc. London, 1844. — Translated by H. T. Riley : The French chronicle of London, 1259-1343. London, 1863. — -Translated by Edmund Goldsmid : The chronicles of London. 3 vols. Edinburgh, 1885- 86. A London city or mayors' chronicle, dealing mainly with the affairs of the kingdom. It seems to have been compiled about the middle of the 14th century. 1764. Devizes, Richard of. De rebus gestis Ricardi Primi [1189-92], ed. Richard Howlett, Chronicles of the Reigns of Stephen, Henry II., and Richard I., iii. 379-454. Rolls Series. London, 1886. ■ — Another edition, by Joseph Stevenson. English Hist. Soc. London, 1838. — Translated by J. A. Giles : Chronicle of Richard of Devizes, London, 1841 ; reprinted, with emendations, in Chronicles of the Crusades, 1-64, Bohnls Antiquarian Library, London, 1848. — Translated by Joseph Stevenson, Church His- torians of England, vol. v. pt. i. London, 1858. Probably completed in 1193. Howlett says that it is ' one of the most amus- ing products of the middle ages ' ; and that ' in it classical quotations, bombastic speeches, and keen gibes are mixed up with valuable historical facts. ' It supplies details nowhere else to be found regarding the condition of affairs in England during the first years of Richard's reign. The author, a monk of St. Swithun's, Winchester, was still alive in 1202. 1765. DiCETO, Ralph of {d. circa 1202). Opera historica, ed. William Stubbs. Rolls Series. 2 vols. London, 1876. Abbreviationes chronicorum, from the creation to 1 147, i. 3-263; also in Twysden's Scriptoies X., 429-524, London, 1652. This work is made up of ex- tracts from pre-existing chroniclers. Imagines historiarum, 1148-1202, i. 267-440, ii. 3-174 ; also in Twysden's Scriptores, 525-710. These 'Outlines of History,' down to about I172, are based on Robert of Torigni ; after 1172 the work is original, and from 1188 on- ward it is a valuable contemporary record, which contains many letters, papal bulls, and other documents. The author's chronology is, however, often faulty. Minor works (of Uttle value), ii. 177-285. Ralph of Diceto was elected dean of St. Paul's, London, in 1180, and held that office to the time of his death. 28o A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [past iv 1766. Dit (Le) de Guillaume d'Angleterre, ed. Francisque Mi- chel, Chroniques Anglo-Normandes, iii. 173-21 1. Rouen, 1840. — Another edition, in Giles's Scriptores (No. 1671), 270-97. London, 1845. An Anglo-French poem, concerning the authorship of which nothing is known. 1767. *DuRHAM, Simeon OF (^. after 11 29). Opera et collec- tanea [ed. J. H. Hinde]. Vol. i. Surtees Soc. Durham, etc., 1868. — Opera omnia, ed. Thomas Arnold. Rolls Series. 2 vols. London, 1882-85. — The historical works of Simeon of Durham. Translated by Joseph Stevenson, Church Historians of England, vol. iii. pt. ii. London, 1855. Historia Dunelmensis ecclesiae, A.D. 635-1096, with two continuations, to 1 154: Simeon's Opera, ed. Arnold, i. 1-169 ; in Twysden's Scriptores X., i- 68, London, 1652; ed. Thomas Bedford, London, 1732. Written between 1 104 and 1 108. Deals mainly with the history of the church of Durham, but also supplies valuable information concerning the secular affairs of northern England, especially in the 9th centur}'. The early portion of the work is derived chiefly from Bede's Ecclesiastical History and his Life of Cuthbert. Historia regum, or Historia de regibus Anglorum etDacorum, A.D. 616-1129: Simeon's Opera, ed. Arnold, ii. I-2S3 ; T%v}-sden's Scriptores X., 85-256 ; to A.n. 957, in Petrie's Monumenta, 645-8S ; Simeon's Opera, ed. Hinde, I-131. This chronicle is in part derived from a Durham compilation which extended from A.D. 731 to 951 and was based on the lost Northumbrian Annals (No. 1376) and on Asser. The passages taken from the lost annals are valuable for northern affairs. Simeon also vised Florence of Worcester, especially from a.d. 887 onward. For the years 11 19-29 the work is an independent authority. It was continued by John of Hexham (No. 1 791) to 11 54. Arnold and Hinde edit various other pieces attributed to Simeon. He was a monk and precentor of the church of Durham. He probably died soon after 1 129. 1768. *Eadmer {d. circa 11 24). Historia novorum in Anglia [circa a.d. 960-1122], ed. Martin Rule. Rolls Series. London, 1884. — Other editions : by John Selden, London, 1623 ; by Gabriel Gerberon, Paris, 1675, 1721, reprinted, Venice, 1744 ; and in ISIigne's Patrologia, clix. 347-588, Paris, 1854. The first recension appeared in 11 12, and the work was completed in 1124. The early portion relates mainly to Lanfranc's career ; the bulk of the history comprises a minute contemporary account of the relations of Anselm to William II. and Henry I., 1092-1109. It is the best authority on the investiture controversy. The last two books deal with the history of the see of Canterbury, 1110-I122. Liebermann believes that as regards unity of plan and of treatment this work has no equal among the great historians of England in the 12th century. Eadmer was a monk of Christ church, Canterbury, and the confidential adviser of Anselm. § 48] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 281 See Felix Liebermann, Ueber Eadmer, in Geschichtsquellen (No. 586), 284-302 ; Father Ragey, Eadmer, Paris, etc., [1892]; and Martin Rule, On Eadmer's Elaboration of the First Four Books of the Historia Novorum, Cambridge Antiq. Soc, Communications, 1888, vi. 195-304. For Eadmer's Life of Anselm, etc., see No. 2225. 1769. Elmha.m, Thomas of {d. circa 1440). Liber metricus de Henrico Quinto, ed. C. A. Cole, Memorials of Henry V., 77-166. Jiol/s Series. London, 1858. — Vita et gesta Henrici Quinti [prose life of Henry V.], ed. Thomas Hearne. Oxford, 1727. The Liber Metricus, which seems to derive much information from the Gesta Henrici Quinti (No. 1789), was written after the completion of the Vita and before the death of Henry V. (1422). It supplements the prose life, but the latter con- tains many notices which are not in the Liber INIetricus. For Elmham's History of the Monastery of St. Augustine, Canterbury, see No. 1364. He was a monk of that abbey in 1407 and prior of Lenton in 1414. 1770. Eulogium historiarum sive temporis : chronicon ab orbe condito usque ad annum domini 1366, a monacho quodam Malmes- buriensi exaratum [with a continuation to 14 13], ed. F. S. Hay don. Jio//s Series. 3 vols. London, 1858-63. A general survey of English history, jDrobably written by a monk of Malmes- burj- named Thomas, who completed the work about 1367. The early part is a compilation from Geoffrey of -Monmouth, Higden, and other chroniclers. The part 1356-66 is contemporaneous. The continuation to 1413, added by an un- known hand in the first half of the 15th century, is also valuable, especially for the proceedings of parliament in Richard II. 's time. 1771. Fabyan, Robert {d. 15 13). The new chronicles of England and France [from Brutus to 1485], by Robert Fabyan, named by himself the Concordance of histories, reprinted from Pynson's edition of 15 16, the first part collated with the editions of 1533, 1542, and 1559, ed. Henry Ellis. London, 181 1. In his attempt to harmonise the accounts of various chroniclers Fabyan shows little critical power. From 11 89 onward the Concordance, which is written in English, has the form of a regular London chronicle, the record of each year being headed by the names of the mayor and sheriffs of that year. The rest of the work is of some value for the history of London and for the affairs of the kingdom, especially during the reigns of Edward IV. and Richard III. Fabyan was made sheriff of the city in 1493. 1772. Fantosme, Jordan. Chronique de la guerre entre les Anglois et les Ecossais en 11 73 et 11 74 [with a translation], ed. Richard Howlett, Chronicles of the Reigns of Stephen, Henry II., and Richard I., iii. 202-377. Roils Series. London, 1886. — Other 282 A.D. 1066-1485 ; Original Sources [pakt iv editions : by Francisque Michel, Surtees Soc. ; 1S40, and in his edition of the chronicle of Benoit de Sainte-Maure (No. 1840), iii. 531-613, Paris, 1844. — Translated by Joseph Stevenson, Church Historians of England, iv. pt. i. 246-88 : Jordan Fantosme's Chronicle. London, 1856. This valuable Anglo-French poem was completed before 1183. Fantosme asserts that he saw many of the events which he narrates. He was chancellor of the diocese of Winchester. 1773. Fitz-Thedmar, Arnald {d. 1275). De antiquis legibus liber : cronica majorum et vicecomitum Londoniarum, 1 188-1274 [with later additions in French to 20 Edward II.], ed. Thomas Stapleton. Camden Soc. London, 1846. — Translated by H. T. Riley : Chronicles of the mayors and sheriffs of London. London, 1863. One of the most valuable of the regular London city chronicles. It deals with the history of the city and the kingdom, and seems to have been written in 1274. Probably it was called Liber de Antiquis Legibus because the MS. volume in which the chronicle is found contains various ancient enactments, notably the oldest code of ordinances for the government of the city — the building assize of Henry Fitz-Eylwin, A.D. 1189. The portion 1236-74, which is devoted mainly to the affairs of London, is fuller and more valuable than the part 1188-1235. Fitz-Thedmar was an alderman of London, and loyally supported Henry III. against the barons. 1774. *Flores historiarum [from the creation to 1326], ed. H. R. Luard. J^o/Zs Series. 3 vols. London, 1890. — Other editions, to the end of 1306, by Matthew Parker, [London], 1567 and 1570 ; reprinted, Frankfort, 1601. — Translated by C. D. Yonge : The flowers of history to 1307. Bohn^s Antiquarian Library. 2 vols. London, 1853. This chronicle was for a long time attributed to Matthew of Westminster, but we now know that he is ' an entirely imaginary person,' and that the work ascribed to him was written by various persons at various times. The earlier portion was taken mainly from the greater chronicle of Matthew Paris, and the oldest manu- script belonged at one time to Westminster abbey ; therefore the two names were combined, and the fictitious Matthew of Westminster was spoken of as the author. The oldest manuscript, extending to 1265 and derived mainly from Matthew Paris, was written at St. Albans; it was then continued at Westminster by various hands to the close of 1306, with which year most of the manuscripts end. The continuation to 1325 was compiled by Robert of Reading, a monk of Westminster {d. 1325) ; and entries for the years 1325-26 were added by another monk of Westminster. The part 1259-1326 is largely a contemporaneous record. The St. Albans writer, in his account of the events of the years 1259-65, favours the barons ; but after its removal to Westminster the chronicle becomes royalist in § 48] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 283 tone. The most valuable notices of the reign of Edward I. are those that relate to the Scottish war. Robert of Reading displays strong feeling against Edward II. See Luard's prefaces ; Hardy, Catalogue of Materials, iii. 313-26, 399-445 ; Felix Liebermann, in Pertz's Scriptores (No. 594), 1888, xxviii. 456-62 ; Charles Bemont's review of Luard's edition, in Revue Critique d'Histoire, new series, 1891, xxxi. 50-57. 1775. FoRDUN, John of {d. circa 1384). Chronica gentis Scotorum [from Noah to 1383, with a translation], ed. W. F. Skene, The Historians of Scotland, vols. i. and iv. Edinburgh, 1871-72. — Other editions, with the title Scotichronicon : to 1066, in Gale's Scriptores XV., 563-699, Oxford, 1691 ; with Walter Bower's con- tinuation, to 1437, by Thomas Hearne, 5 vols., Oxford, 1722 ; to 1437, by Walter Goodall, 2 vols., Edinburgh, 1759. This was the first attempt to write a complete history of Scotland ; and the Scotichronicon, with Bower's continuation, became the groundwork of Scotch annals. Fordun was probably a chantry priest in the cathedral at Aberdeen. Walter Bower, abbot of Inchcolm [d. 1449), really wrote the part 1153-1437, but he made use of Fordun's notes to 1383. The Scotichronicon is valuable for the study of the relations of Scotland to England. 1776. Fragment (A remarkable) of an old English chronicle, or history, of the affairs of Edward IV. [1459-70], ed. Thomas Hearne, Thomae Sprotti Chronica, 283-306. Oxford, 17 19. — The same, with modernised orthography, in Chronicles of the White Rose of York (No. 1668), 1-30. London, 1845. This valuable fragment seems to be a part of a biography of Edward IV, , written between 1517 and 1524. The author, who favours the house of York, is well informed concerning the events which he narrates. See Jakob Engel, Kritische Bemerkungen liber A Remarkable Fragment of an Old English Chronicle, Berlin, 1875, pp. 63. 1777. Fkoissart, Jean (^. circa 1410). Chroniques [1307-1400], ed. Simeon Luce and Gaston Raynaud. Vols, i.-x., to 1382. Societe de I'Histoire de Fra?ice. Paris, 1869-97. — Translated by John Bourchier, Lord Berners : Chronicles of England, France, etc. 2 vols. London, 1523-25 ; reprinted, 2 vols., 1812, 4 vols., 1814-16. — Translated by Thomas Johnes, 5 vols., Hafod, 1803- 10 ; reprinted : 2 vols., 1839, 1852, 1874. One of the most celebrated chronicles of France and one of the principal sources for the study of the Hundred Years War. It also deals with the internal affairs of England. The part 1307-24 is very brief, and down to 1361 many passages are borrowed from Jean le Bel (No. i8l i ). Froissart travelled much, and visited England about 1356. In the later redactions of his chronicle his tone is hostile to England. The work is valuable, but contains many errors. It was 284 A.D. 1066-1485 Original Sources [p^ukt iv continued by Monstrelet (No. 1818). See Mary Darmesteter, Froissart, Paris, 1894 (translated by E. F. Poynter, London, 1895) ; and the literature in Potthast's Bibliotheca, i. 474-5. For other editions and translations, besides those mentioned above, see ibid., i. 472-4. There is a severe criticism of the part of the chronicle relating to English history in Pauli's Geschichte von England (Gotha, 1855), iv. 731-2. 1778. Gaimar, Geoffrey. L'estorie des Engles solum la translacion maistre Geffrei Gaimar [a.d. 495-1100, with a trans- lation], ed. T. D. Hardy and C. T. JNIartin. Rolls Series. 2 vols. London, 1888-89. — Other editions : to 1066, in Petrie's Monumenta, pp. 764-S29, London, 1848; a.d. 1066-1 100, in Michel's Chroniques Anglo-Normandes, i. 1-64, Rouen, 1836; a.d. 495-1100, by Thomas Wright, Caxton Soc, London, 1850. — Translated by Joseph Steven- son, Church Historians of England, vol. ii. pt. ii. : Gaimar. London, 1854. This rhyming French chronicle was written between 1135 and 1147. For the period before the Norman Conquest its chief sources are Geoffrey of Monmouth and the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. For the portion after 1066 the author is in- debted to Florence of Worcester or Simeon of Durham. Gaimar was a Norman by birth. Concerning his life little is known ; he seems to have resided in Lin- colnshire. See [H. T. Riley], Gaimar the Trouvere, in Gentleman's Magazine, 1857, cciii. 21-34. 1779. Gesta Edwardi de Carnarvan auctore canonico Bridling- toniensi, cum continuatione [Gesta Edwardi Tertii] ad a.d. 1377, ed. AVilliam Stubbs, Chronicles of the Reigns of Edward L and Edward I L, ii. 25-151. Rolls Series. London, 1883. A brief chronicle of the reign of Edward II., written by a canon of the priory of Bridlington. It did not assume its present shape before 1377, although the earlier portion seems to rest on contemporary material. After 1339 the continua- tion comprises incidental jottings of little value. Stubbs ranks the work ' high among the second rate authorities for the history of a period which is singularly deficient in first rate authorities.' 1780. Gesta Herwardi incliti exulis et militis, ed. T. D. Hardy and C. T. Martin, Gaimar's L'Estorie des Engles, i. 339-404. Rolls Series. London, 1888. — Other editions (bad): in Michel's Chro- niques Anglo-Normandes, ii. 1-98, Rouen, 1836; in Thomas Wright's Chronicle of Gaimar, app. 46-108, Caxton Soc, London, 1850. Professes to have been compiled from an English life of Hereward written by his priest Leofric ; but Liebermann contends that it was written about 1150 by Richard, a monk of Ely, who died before 1 189. Freeman says : ' The early part of the story in the Gesta is plainly mere romance, but when we get Hereward in § 48] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 285 the Isle we are on somewhat surer ground.' See Freeman, Norman Conquest, vol. iv. app. 00 ; and Liebermann, Ueber Ostenglische Geschichtsquellen, in Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft ftir altere Deutsche Geschichte, 1892, xviii. 238- 43- 1781. *Gesta Stephani regis Anglorum [1135-47], ed. Richard Hewlett, Chronicles and Memorials of Stephen, Henry H., and Richard I., iii. 3-136. Rolls Series. London, 1886. — Other editions : in Duchesne's Historise Normannorum Scriptores, 927-75, Paris, 1619; reprinted by R. C. Sewell, English Hist. Soc, London, 1846. — Translated by Thomas Forester: The chronicle of Henry of Huntingdon ; also The acts of Stephen. Bohn^s Antiquarian Library. London, 1853. — Translated by Joseph Stevenson, Church Historians of England, vol. v. pt. i. : Acts of King Stephen. London, 1858. The author was an eye-witness of many of the events which he narrates, and his book is our chief authority for the history of England during the years 1142- 47. Though he was a partisan of Stephen, he is fair and accurate. Normandy seems to have been his native land, and he was probably chaplain to Henry of Blois, bishop of Winchester. 1782. *GiRALDUS Cambrensis (Gerald de Barri, d. circa 1220). Opera, ed. J. S. Brewer; vols, v.-vii. by J. F. Dimock; vol. viii. by G. F. Warner. Rolls Series. 8 vols. London, 186 1-9 1. — The historical works of Giraldus Cambrensis : The topography of Ireland and The conquest of Ireland, translated by Thomas Forester ; The itinerary through Wales and The description of Wales, translated by R. C. Hoare. Revised by Thomas Wright. Boh?i's Atitiquarian Library. London, 1863. — ■ ist edition of Hoare's translation : The itinerary of Archbishop Baldwin through Wales, a.d. 1188 [and The description of Wales]. 2 vols. London, 1806. Topographia Hibernica, in Gerald's Opera, v. 1-204, London, 1867 ; and in Camden's Anghca, etc., Scripta, 692-754, Frankfort, 1602 (also 1603). The first recension appeared in 1 1 88. Gerald collected material for this description of Ireland and its inhabitants, and for his Expugnatio, during his two visits to Ireland in 1183 and 1185-86. Expugnatio Hibernica, 1166-85, i^i Gerald's Opera, v. 205-411; and in Camden's Anglica, etc., Scripta, 755-813. This history of Henry II. 's conquest of Ireland was completed about 1188. Hardy calls it the most valuable of Gerald's writings, and believes that as an historical monograph it ' may challenge comparison with any existing work of a similar nature.' Brewer also rates Gerald's two treatises on Ireland high among historical sources. On the other hand, Dimock, while admitting that they ' are in many ways interesting and valuable,' denies that they are ' sober, truthful history.' Gerald's tone is certainly hostile to the Irish, and his works on Ireland must therefore be used with caution. 286 A.D. 1066-1485 ■■ Original Sources [part iv Itinerarium Cambrije, in Gerald's Opera, vi. 1-152, London, 1868. Other editions : by David Powel, Pontici Virunnii Britannise Historic Libri Sex, 47- 230, London, 1585; in Camden's Anglica, etc., Scripta, 815-78, London, 1602 (also 1603) ; by R. C. Hoare, London, 1804 (also 1806). This itinerary gives an account of Archbishop Baldwin's pilgrimage in Wales in 1188 to preach the crusade ; it also deals with the topography, natural history, etc. , of Wales. The first recension appeared in 1191, the third about 1214. Descriptio Cambrite in two books, in Gerald's Opera, vi. 153-227, London, 1868. Other editions: bk. i., by David Powel, Pontici Virunnii Britannice Historise Libri Sex, 231-77, London, 1585; bk. i., in Camden's Anglica, etc., Scripta, 879-96, London, 1602 (also 1603) ; bk. ii., in Wharton's Anglia Sacra, ii. 447-55, London, 1691 ; bks. i.-ii., by R. C. Hoare, with the Itinerariiim Cambrije, London, 1804 (also 1806). The first lecension appeared about 1194; the second about 1215. Dimock regards this as the most valuable of Gerald's treatises. Gerald was archdeacon of Brecknock. He was twice elected to the see of St. Davids, but failed to secure possession of it. For his other works, concerning the church, etc. , see No. 2242. Besides Brewer's preface to vol. i. of Gerald's Opera and the biography prefixed to Hoare's translation of the Itinerarium, the following works deal with his life and writings : — Aristide Joly, Etudes Anglo- Normandes : Gerold le Gallois, in Memoir es de 1' Academic des Sciences, Arts et Belles-Lettres de Caen, 1887-88, pp. 117-80; 1889, pp. 3-73 ; Caen, 1887-89. Valuable. — John Lynch, Cambrensis Eversus, 1662, edited, with a translation, by Matthew Kelly, Celtic Soc. , 3 vols., Dubhn, 1848-52. The first edition, 1662, appeared under the pseudonym ' Gratianus Lucius. ' This valuable work is not confined to a refutation of Gerald's views concerning Ireland, but enters largely into Irish history. — Henry Owen, Gerald the Welshman, London, 1889. — Stephanus Vitus (Stephen White), Apologia pro Hibernia adversus Cambri Calumnias, ed. Matthew Kelly, Dublin, 1849 '• a refutation of Gerald's statements regarding Ireland, written early in the 17th century. 1783. Gloucester, Robert of. The metrical chronicle of Robert of Gloucester [from Brutus to 1270], ed. W. A. Wright. -Ro//s Series. 2 vols. London, 1887. — Another edition, by Thomas Hearne, 2 vols., Oxford, 1724; and in Works of Thomas Hearne, vols, i.-ii., London, 1810. — Translation: No. 597. Beyond the fact that he was probably a monk of Gloucester, who wrote about A.D. 1300, nothing is known concerning the author of this English poem. The earlier portion, to 1135, may have been written by another person. A large part of the chronicle is derived from Geoffrey of Monmouth, Henry of Huntingdon, William of Malmesluiry, and the Annals of Waverley. The contemporary narra- tive of the barons' war in the time of Henry III. is of some value. See Karl Brossmann, Ueber die Quellen der Chronik des Robert von Gloucester, Striegau, [1887], pp. 51 ; W. Ellmer, Ueber die Quellen der Reimchronik Roberts von Gloucester, Halle, 1886, pp. 37, and in Anglia, 1888, x. I-37, 291-322; Hans Strohmeyer, Der Stil der Reimchronik Roberts von Gloucester, eine Unter- suchung zur Ermittelung der Verfasser dieses Werkes, Berlin, 1891, pp. 106. § 48] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 287 1784. Gray, Thomas {d. 1369). Scalacronica : a chronicle of England and Scotland [ed. Joseph Stevenson]. Maitlaud Club. Edinburgh, 1836. Written in French ; begun in 1355 while the author was a prisoner in Edin- Inirgh. Extends from the creation, but Stevenson edits only the part 1066-1362. The title ' Scalacronica ' points to the scaling ladder in the Gray arms. A large portion of the chronicle is based on Bede, Higden, and other well-known writers ; but it contains some useful information concerning the reigns of Edward II. and Edward III., especially concerning the wars between England and Scotland. Gray was lord of Heaton manor in Northumberland. 1785. Gregory, William {d. 1467). Gregory's Chronicle, 1 189-1469, ed. James Gairdner, Historical Collections of a Citizen of London in the Fifteenth Century, 55-239. Camden Soc. [London], 1876. A London city chronicle, which devotes much attention to national transac- tions. The most valuable part, 19-30 Henry VI. (1440-52), seems to have been written by William Gregory, who was mayor of London in 1 451. The work contains one of the best accounts of Cade's rebellion. See George Kriehn, The English Rising in 1450 (Strasburg, 1892), 8-16. 1786. Hall, Edward {d. 1547). Hall's Chronicle [1399-1547], collated with the editions of 1548 and 1550 [ed. Henry Ellis]. London, 1809. There is a second title-page, a copy of that of the earlier editions : The Union of the Families of Lancaster and York. The first edition seems to have been published in 1542. The work is a glorification of the house of Tudor, but it gives some useful particulars regarding English history in the 1 5th century. Hall was a citizen of London and a lawyer by profession. 1787. Hardyng, John {d. circa 1465). Chronicle, from the earliest period of English history [to 146 1], together with the con- tinuation by Richard Grafton to 34 Henry VHL, ed. Henry Ellis. London, 1812. — Two separate editions, with the continuation, were printed in 1543. Hardyng's Chronicle is in English verse, Init Grafton {d. circa 1572) wrote his continuation in prose. Hardyng's work, which was completed about 1465, is ot little historical value, though it affordss ome information regarding the reigns of Henry IV., Henry V., Henry ^T., and Edward IV. He took part in the battle of Agincourt, and was employed by Henry V. and Henry VI. to secure documents supporting the claim of England to the fealty of the Scotch kings. These documents were forgeries. Hardyng was for many years constable of the castle of Kyme, in Lincolnshire. 288 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part rv 1788. *Hemingburgh, Walter of {d. after 1313). Chronicon Walter! de Hemingburgh, vulgo Hemingford nuncupati, de gestis regum Angliae [1048-1346], ed. H. C. Hamilton. English Hist. Soc. 2 vols. London, 1848-49. — Other editions: the part 1066-1273, in Gale's Scriptores Quinque, 453-594, Oxford, 1687 ; 1 274-1346, by Thomas Hearne, 2 vols., Oxford, 1731. The early part is drawn from Henry of Huntingdon, William of Newburgh, and other chroniclers. The account of the reigns of the three Edwards is original, and is derived chiefly from personal knowledge and contemporary report. There is a gap in the text comprising the years 1316-26. The author inserts many documents into his narrative, some of which are not found elsewhere. Hardy (Catalogue of Materials, iii. 255) believes that the portion 1297-1346 was written by a continuator, and Liebermann asserts that Hemingburgh 's work probably ends with the year 131 3 ; but Hamilton contends that the whole chronicle, to 1346, was written by Walter of Hemingburgh. He was a canon regular of the priory of Gisburn, in Yorkshire, and hence is sometimes called Walter of Gisburn. 1789. Henrici Quinti Angliae regis gesta [1413-16, together with an abridgment of Elmham's Vita Henrici V., 1417-22], ed. Benjamin Williams. E?iglish Hist. Soc. London, 1850. — Also printed in No. 1746. Often called the Chronicle of the Chaplain, because it was written by a chaplain in Henry V. 's army. Williams surmises that the author was Jean de Bordin, who accompanied Henry on his first French campaign ; but the work was probably written by an Englishman, in 14 16. He was an eye-%vitness of many of the events which he describes ; and he gives a detailed account of the siege of Harfleur and the battle of Agincourt. He is the best authority on the first four years of Henry V.'s reign. Williams, pp. 167-262, also prints the Chronique de Normandie, 1414-22, by Georges Chastelain {d. 1475), with an English translation. It gives a good account of Henry V. 's residence in Paris. ■* 1790. Herd, John {d. 1588). Historia quattuor regum Anglise [1460-1509], ed. Thomas Purnell. Roxburghe Club. London, 1868. A metrical chronicle derived mainly from Hall and Vergil (Nos. 1786, 1854). 1791. Hexham, John of {d. circa 1209). Historia Johannis prioris Hagustaldensis ecclesiae xxv. annorum [1130-54], ed. Thomas Arnold, Symeonis Monachi Opera, ii. 284-332. Rolls Series. London, 1885. — Other editions: in Twysden's Scriptores X., 257-82, London, 1652 ; by James Raine, Priory of Hexham, i. 107-72, Surtees Soc, Durham, etc., 1864. — Translated by Joseph § 48] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 289 Stevenson, Church Historians of England, iv. pt. i. 3-32 : The chronicle of John, prior of Hexham. London, 1856. This continuation of Simeon's Historia Regum (No 1767) relates mainly to the affairs of northern England, and was probably compiled late in the reign of Henry II. It contains some original information. John seems to have succeeded Richard (No. 1792) as prior of Hexham. 1792. Hexha:si, Richard of. Historia de gestis regis Stephani et de hello de standardo [1135-39], ed. Richard Howlett, Chronicles of the Reigns of Stephen, Henry II., and Richard I., iii. 139-78. Rolls Series. London, 1S86. — Other editions : in Twysden's Scriptores X., 309-30, London, 1652 ; by James Raine, Priory of Hexham,!. 63-106, Sicrfees Soc, Durham, etc., 1864. — Translated by Joseph Stevenson, Church Historians of England, iv. pt. i. 35- 58 : The acts of King Stephen and the battle of the standard. London, 1856. A valuable contemporary narrative, written before 1154, which is occupied mainly with the invasions of the Scots under King David. It gives much in- formation not found elsewhere. Richard was elected prior of Hexham in 1141, and seems to have died between 1 1 60 and 1 1 78. For his historj' of the church of Hexham, see No. 2559. 1793. HiGDEN, Ranulf {d. 1364). Polychronicon [from the creation to 1352], with the English translations of John Trevisa and of an unknown writer of the fifteenth century. Vols, i.-ii., ed. Churchill Babington ; vols, iii.-ix., ed. J. R. Lumby. Rolls Series. 9 vols. London, 1865-86. — Another edition, of the parts relating to Great Britain, in Gale's Scriptores XV., 179-287. Oxford, 1691. This ' chronicle of many ages ' was the standard work on general history during the 14th and 15th centuries. It is in large part a compilation ; Higden names about forty writers who are his authorities. Bk. i. is geographical : it describes the various countries of the earth. The other six books comprise a universal history. Only a portion of the last book is contemporary, and even that portion does not contain much original information. The real interest of the Polychronicon lies in ' the view it affords of the historical, geographic, and scientific knowledge of the age in which it appeared ' : Gairdner, Early Chroniclers, 279. Trevisa 's translation was made in 13S7 ; it was printed by Caxton in 1482 (with Caxton's continuation to 1460) ; reprinted, 1495 ^^^ ^S'^7- Another translation, made between 1432 and 1450, continues the narrative to 1401. The Rolls Series edition, viii. 355-428, ix. 1-2S3, contains a Latin continuation of the Polychronicon to 1394, by John Malverne, a monk of Worcester [d. circa 141 5). See also Adam of Usk's Chronicon (No. 1853). Higden was a monk of St. Werburg's abbey, Chester. U 290 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv 1794. Histoire de Guillaume le Marechal, comte de Striguil et de Pembroke, regent d'Angleterre [circa 1 140-12 19], ed. Paul Meyer. Vols, i.-ii. Societe de r Histoire de France. Paris, 1891-94. These two volumes contain the text ; vol. iii. will contain the introduction, etc. This valuable Anglo-French poem was written by a Norman in England about 1225. Gaston Paris (Litterature Fran9aise, 136) calls it 'un des docu- ments les plus importants qui nous soient parvenus non seulement sur I'histoire, mais sur les moeurs, etc., du xii*" et du xiii'= siecle.' See also Paul Meyer, L'Histoire de Guillaume le Marechal, in Romania, 1882, xi. 22-74. 1795. Histoire des dues de Normandie et des rois d'Angleterre [from the first arrival of the Danes in Gaul to 1220], ed. Francisque Michel. Societe de V Histoire de France. Paris, 1840. To 1 199 this French chronicle is an abridgment of William of Jumieges, with some additions. The part 1 199-1220 was probably written by an eye-witness of the events narrated ; it has a valuable account of the French invasion of England in 1216. 1796. Historia (Anonymi) Eduardi Tertii [1326-77], ed. Thomas Hearne, Walteri Hemingford Historia de Rebus Gestis Eduardi I., etc., 387-452. Oxford, 1731. This seems to be in large part a compilation from the works of Higden and Murimuth. 1797. Historia vitse et regni Ricardi H. [13 7 7- 1402] a monacho quodam de Evesham consignata, ed. Thomas Hearne. Oxford, 1729. Probably written at Evesham in the first quarter of the 15th century. Follows Walsingham to 1390, but then seems to become an independent authority, and gives a valuable account of the parliament of 1397. The author is hostile to Richard II. 1798. Historise Croylandensis continuatio [three continuations of Ingulf, 1 149-1486], ed. William Fulman, Rerum Anglicarum Scriptores, 451-593. Oxford, 1684. — Translated by H. T. R^iley : Ingulfs Chronicle of the abbey of Croyland, with the continuations. Bohn's Antiquarian Library. London, 1854. Deals with the general history of England as well as with the affairs of the abbey. Valuable for the reigns of Henry VI., Edward IV., and Richard III. The writer of the part 1459-86 was contemporary with the transactions which he relates, and seems to have been in the confidence of Edward IV. His tone is friendly to that king, but hostile to Richard III. For Ingulf, the continuation ascribed to Peter of Blois, etc., see No. 137 1. § 48] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 291 1799. Historic of the arrivall of Edward IV. in England and the finall recoverye of his kingdomes from Henry VI., a.d. 147 i, ed. John Bruce. Camden Soc. London, 1838. pp. 52. — Reprinted, with modernised orthography, in Chronicles of the White Rose of York (No. 1668), 31-96. London, 1845. — Contemporary French abridgment of the English text : La revoke du conte de Warwick centre le roi Edward IV., ed. J. A. Giles. Caxton Soc. London, 1849. — Another edition of the French text, by L. M. E. Dupont, Memoires de Philippe de Commines, iii. 281-93. Societe de PHistoire de France. Paris, 1847.- — Translation of the French abridgment, by Edward Jerningham : Account of Edward IV. 's second invasion of England, 147 1, drawn up by one of his followers. Soc. of Antiq. of London, Archgeologia, xxi. 11-23. London, 1827. The English narrative is ' an authorised relation put forth by the Yorkists themselves. ' The writer calls himself ' a servant of the king that presently saw in effect a great part of his exploits.' The facts are accurately presented, though the writer was a Yorkist partisan. 1800. *HovEDEN, Roger OF {d. circa 120 1). Chronica Rogeri de Houedene [a.d. 732-1201], ed. William Stubbs. Rolls Series. 4 vols. London, 1868-71. — Another edition, in Savile's Scriptores, 230-471. London, 1596; reprinted, Frankfort, 1601. — Translated by H. T. Riley : The annals of Roger de Hoveden, Bohn's Antiquarian Library. 2 vols. London, 1853. Probably written after 1192. The first part, A.D. 732-I148, is copied from the Historia post Bedam, a compilation (still extant in manuscript) made at Durham between 1148 and 1161, which is based on Simeon of Durham and Henry of Huntingdon. The second part, 1148-69, is a meagre compilation taken from the Chronicle of Melrose, the lives and letters of Becket, etc. The third portion, 1169-92, is the chronicle ascribed to Benedict of Peterborough, re-edited with the addition of some important documents. The fourth part, 1192-1201, is Hoveden's original work, a valuable contemporary history, en- riched with an abundance of documents. For a continuation, see No. 1 761. Hoveden, probably a native of Howden, Yorkshire, was in attendance on Henry II. in France in 1174, and he was a justice itinerant of the forests in 11 89. He ^had access to the public records, and held intercourse with the leading men of the lime. 1801. Huntingdon, Henry of {d. circa 1155). Historia Anglorum, B.C. 55-A.D. 11 54, ed. Thomas Arnold. Rolls Series. London, 1879. — Other editions: in Savile's Scriptores, 169-229, London, 1596 (reprinted, Frankfort, 1601) ; in Migne's Patrologia, cxcv. 799-978, Paris, 1855 ; to a.d. 1066, in Petrie's Monumenta, 11 2 292 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [paht n 689-763, London, 1848. — Translated by Thomas Forester: The chronicle of Henry of Huntingdon. Bohn^s Ajitiquarian Library. London, 1S53. Five recensions appeared between 11 30 and 1 154. The author's main sources of information to about 1 126 are Bede and the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. After that date he derives many of his statements from oral report, but he does not give us many new facts. It was long believed that his chronicle contained valuable material relating to Anglo-Saxon history based on old folk-songs. Liebermann has shown, however, that this view is untenable, and that some of the details presented in the Historia Anglorum which are not found elsewhere are figments of the imagination. Henry became archdeacon of Huntingdon about 1 1 10. See Felix Liebermann, Heinrich von Huntingdon, in Forschungen zur Deutschen Geschichte, 1878, xviii. 265-95. 1802. IsLiP, Simon {d. 1366). Speculum regis Edwardi HL, ed. Joseph Moisant, De Speculo Regis Edwardi HI. seu tractatu quern de mala regni administratione conscripsit Simon Islip, cum utraque ejusdem recensione manuscripta nunc primum edita. [A thesis presented to the Faculty of Letters, Paris.] Paris, 1891. The two recensions of the Speculum are printed in full on pp. 81-169. This tract is an ardent remonstrance addressed to Edward III. on the abuses of purveyance. It was written about 1337. Islip was archbishop of Canterbury, 1349-66. He had also been a member of the roj'al council and keeper of the privy seal. See Dictionary of National Biography, 1892, xxix. 74-77. 1803. Itinerarium peregrinorum et gesta regis Ricardi [1187-99] auctore ut videtur Ricardo canonico S. Trinitatis Londoniensis, ed. William Stubbs, Chronicles and Memorials of the Reign of Richard I., vol. i. Rolls Series. London, 1864. — Another edition (bad), in Gale's Scriptores Quinque, 247-429. Oxford, 1687. — Translated in Chronicles of the Crusades, 65-339 '• Itinerary of Richard L Bolin's Antiquariaji Library. London, 1848. This is a history of the third crusade which used to be ascribed to Geoffrey of Vinsauf. Recent research has shown that it is in large part a Latin translation of Ambrose's French poem (No. 1677). The translation was probably made between 1199 and 1220 by Richard, canon and prior of Holy Trinity, London. ' Compared with Matthew Paris and the monastic annalists,' says Stubbs, 'it is as much superior in style as inferior in matter and method. ' The work contains a detailed account of Richard I.'s expedition to the Holy Land (especially the years 1190-92), with some remarks on his character and government. 1804. Journal d'un bourgeois de Paris, 1405-49, ed. Alexandre Tuetey. Societe de PHistoire de France. Paris, 1881. — For other editions, see Potthast, Bibliotheca, i. 686-7. A contemporary chronicle, written in French ; valuable for the relations of England to France. § 48] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 293 1805. JuMiEGEs, William of {fl. circa 1070). Willelmi Calculi Gemmeticensis monachi Historic Normannorum libri viii. [a.d. 851-1137], ed. Andre Duchesne, Historise Normannorum Scriptores, 215-317- Paris, 1619. — Reprinted in Migne's Patrologia, cxlix, 7 7 7-9 1 o. Paris, 1853. — Another edition, in Camden's Anghca, etc., vScripta, 604-91. Frankfort, 1602 ; also 1603. — Translated into French in F. P. G. Guizot's Collection de Memoires, xxix. 1-316 : Histoire des Normands. Paris, 1826. The first four books are taken from Dudo's Historia Normannorum ; the other four, a.d. 996- i 137, are much interpolated. Bk. viii., often called Historia Henrici Primi Regis Anglian {1087-1137), is a later addition, usually attributed to Robert of Torigni ; it has been translated by Joseph Stevenson, Church Historians of England, vol. v. pt. i., London, 1858. The part relating to the Norman Conquest is a valuable contemporary narrative. William was a monk of Jumieges, concerning whose life little is known. On the relations of his chronicle to that of Dudo of St. Quentin, see Gustav Korting, Ueber die Quellen des Roman de Rou, Leipsic, 1867, pp. 67. 1805 a. Juvenal des Ursins, Jean {d. 1473). Histoire de Charles VI., 1380-1422, ed. J. A. C. Buchon, Choixde Chroniques. Paris, 1838. — For other editions, etc., see Potthast, Bibliotheca, i. 692. Written in French. Valuable for the relations of Henry V. to France. The author was archbishop of Reims and councillor of Charles VII. 1806. Klerk, Jan de {d. 1365). Van den Derden Edewaert, Conine van Engelant : Rymkronyk geschreven circa 1347, ed. J. F. Willems. Ghent, 1840. pp. 84, — Translated into French by Octave Delepierre : Edouard III., roi d'Angleterre, en Belgique. Ghent, 1841. pp. 47. Valuable for the years 1337-41. The author favours the cause of Edward III. He was a native of Antwerp, and was also called Jan Boendaele. See H. Haerynck, Jan Boendaele, Ghent, 1888. 1807. Knighton, Henry {d. circa 1366), Chronicon [a.d. 959-1366, with a continuation, 1377-95], ed. J. R. Lumby. Rolls Series. 2 vols. London, 1889-95. — Another edition, in Twysden's Scriptores X., 2311-2742. London, 1652. Down to 1336 it is derived mainly from Higden and Hemingburgh. It con- tains no entries for the years 1367-76. The continuator, who wrote the part 1377-95' was a partisan of the duke of Lancaster, but a bitter opponent of the Wyclifites. He gives some valuable details regarding the rising of 1 381 and concerning the social condition of England. Knighton was a canon of St. Mary's, Leicester. James Tait severely criticises Lumby's edition, in English Historical Review, 1896, xi. 568-9. 294 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv 1808. Langtoft, Peter {d. after 1307). The chronicle of Pierre de Langtoft in French verse [from Brutus to 1307, with a translation], ed. Thomas Wright. Jioils Series. 2 vols. London, 1866-68. A large part of this chronicle was translated into English by Robert Mannyng (No. 1816). To the end of Henry III.'s reign it is taken from Geoffrey of Mon- mouth, Huntingdon, Malmesbury, and other well-known writers. For the years 1272-1307 it is a contemporary record, much of which is devoted to Edward I.'s Scottish wars. The author's tone is hostile to the Scots. He was a canon of the priory of Bridlington in Yorkshire. 1809. Layamon (/?. 1200). Layamon's Brut, or chronicle of Britain, a poetical semi-Saxon paraphrase of the Brut of Wace [with a translation], ed. Frederic Madden. Soc. of Antiq. of London. 3 vols. London, 1847. Completed abont 1204. Based on Wace's Brut (No. 1859), with the addition of some Welsh traditions. Layamon was a priest of Areley in Worcestershire. See Heinrich Krautwald, Layamons Brut verglichen mit Waces Roman de Brut, Breslau, 1887, pp. 32. 1810. Le Beau, Jean {d. after 1449). Chronique de Richard IL, 1377-99, ed. J. A. [C] Buchon, Collection des Chroniques Fran- 9aises, vol. xxv. supplement ii. Paris, 1826. pp. 79. A valuable French account of Richard II. 's reign, probably written early in the 15th century. Moran\-ille contends that the Chronique edited by Williams (No. 1753) is merely another redaction of Le Beau's work ; but perhaps the latter is an abridgment of the former. Le Beau was canon of St. Lambert, Liege. See H. Moranville, La Chronique du Religieux de St. Denis, les Memoires de Salmon, et la Chronique de la i\Iort de Richard II., in Bibliotheque de I'Ecole des Chartes, 1S89, 1. 5-40. 1811. Le Bel, Jean {d. circa 1370). Les vrayes chroniques de Jehan le Bel [1326-61], ed. M. L. Polain. Acadhnie Royale de Belgique. 2 vols. Brussels, 1863. Written in French about 1356-61, and deals mainly with the wars of Eng- land and France. This valuable work is the basis of the early part of Froissart's Chronicles, and constitutes one of the most important sources of information regarding the Hundred Years' War. The author, a canon of St. Lambert, Liege, took part in Edward III.'s expedition against the Scots in 1327, and was an admirer of that king. See Henri Pirenne, Jean Le Bel, in Biographic Nationale de Belgique, 1891, xi. 51S-25. 1812. Le Fevre, Jean (d. 1468). Chronique [1408-35], ed. Francois Morand. Societe de PHistoire de France. 2 vols. Paris, 1876-81. — For other editions, see Potthast, Bibliotheca, i. 715. This chronicle, written in French, borrows much from Monstrelet, but is very valuable for the battle of Agincourt, at which Le Fevre was present on the § 48] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 295 English side. He was seigneur of Saint-Remy and privy councillor of Philip the Good, duke of Burgundy. 1813. Le livere de reis de Brittanie e le livere de reis de Engle- tere [from Brutus to 1274, with two continuations to 1326 and a translation], ed. John Glover. Rolls Series. London, 1865. An abridged French translation of extracts from Geoffrey of Monmouth, Florence of Worcester, Ralph of Diceto, and other well-known chroniclers ; perhaps compiled by Peter of Ickham (_/?. circa 1290). It consists of two parts, which the editor calls Le Livere de Reis de Brittanie and Le Livere de Reis de Engletere. 1814. LivY, Titus {fl. 1437). Titi Livii Foro-Juliensis Vita Henrici Quinti regis Angliae [1413-22], ed. Thomas Hearne. Oxford, 1 7 16. One of the principal biographies of Henry V. ; written after 1437. The author, who seems to have been a native of Ferrara or Friuli, was a member of Henry VI. 's pri\y council. 1814 a. MacConmidhe, Gilla-Brighde {fl. 1260). Poem on the battle of Dun [1260], Irish text, with English translation, ed. John O'Donovan. Celtic Soc, Miscellany, 145-83. Dublin, 1849. ' The poem afibrds curious glimpses into the distracted state of Ireland at the period to which it refers. ' The author was chief poet of Ulster and a follower of Brian O'Neill, king of the Irish of the north. At the battle of Dun, which was fought with the English, Brian was slain. 1815. *Malmesbury, William of {d. circa 1142). De gestis regum Anglorum Hbri quinque [a.d. 449-1127]; Histori^e novelise libri tres [i 125-42]. Edited by William Stubbs. Rolls Series. 2 vols. London, 1887-89. — Other editions: in Savile's Scriptores, i-iio, London, 1596 (reprinted, Frankfort, 1601) ; by T. D. Hardy, English Hist Soc, 2 vols., London, 1840; reprinted in Migne's Patrologia, clxxix. 955-1440, Paris, 1855. — Bks. i-iii. of the Gesta Regum, in Commelin's Scriptores, 281-348. Heidelberg, 1587. — Translated by John Sharpe : The history of the kings of England and The modern history of William of Malmesbury. London, 18 15. — Other translations : by J. A. Giles, Bohn's Antiquarian Library^ London, 1847; by Joseph Stevenson, Church Historians of England, vol. iii. pt. i., London, 1854. Malmesbur)' was ' the first writer after Bede who attempted to give to his details of dates and events such a systematic connexion, in the way of cause and sequence, as entitles them to the name of Histor}'.' The Gesta Regum was finished in 1125, but two new recensions appeared circa 1135-40 ; the early part is derived from Nennius, Bede, the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Eadmer, and other 296 A.D. 1066-1485 •• Original Sources [pabt iv writers. The Historia Novella was written in 1140-42. Bk. v. of the Gesta Regum and the three books of the Historia Novella are in large part a contem- porary account of the years 1100-I142. The Gesta is also of some value for the reigns of William I. and William II. The author, a monk of Malmesbury, was a partisan of Maud, but he is fair and accurate. For his other works, see Nos. 1444, 1458, 2263, 2606. See also, besides Stubbs's prefaces, W. de Gray Birch, Life and Writings of William of Malmesbury, reprinted from the Trans- actions of the Royal Society of Literature, new series, vol. x. [London, 1874, pp. 65] ; and Kate Norgate, England under the Angevin Kings (London, 1887), i- 83-93. 1816. Mannyng, Robert {fl. circa 1338). The story of Robert Manning of Brunne [to a.d. 689], ed. F. J. Furnivall. Rolls Series. 2 vols. London, 1887. — Peter Langtoft's Chronicle, as improved by Robert of Brunne [a.d. 689-1307], ed. Thomas Hearne, 2 vols., Oxford, 1725 ; also in Hearne's Works, vols, iii.-iv., London, 1810. Written in English verse and completed in 1338. The part edited by Furnivall is mythical history derived from Wace and Geoffrey of Monmouth ; the second part, edited by Hearne, is a translation of Langtoft's Chronicle, with some useful additions. The author, a native of Brunne (Bourne) in Lincolnshire is often called Robert of Brunne. He was a member of the Gilbertine order. See Oscar Preussner, Robert Mannyng of Brunne's Uebersetzung von Pierre de Langtofts Chronicle, Breslau, 1891, pp. 70. 1817. Marlborough, Henry of {fl. 1420). Quae sequuntur descripta sunt e chronicis manuscriptis Henrici de Marleburgh [1372-1421], ed. William Camden, Britannia, 832-6. London, 1607. — Translated by James Ware, Historie of Ireland [pt. iii.], 207-23 : Henry of Marlborough's Chronicle of Ireland [1285 -142 1]. Dublin, 1633. — Ware's translation reprinted, in his Ancient Irish Histories, vol. ii. Dublin, 1809. The chronicle from which Camden prints this extract is called Cronica Excerpta de Medulla Diversorum Cronicorum. It extends from the birth of Christ to 1421, and was begun in 1406. The first part is a mere compilation, and the later part deals mainly with the affairs of the English settlers in Ireland. 1818. MoNSTRELET, Enguerrand DE {d. 1 45 3). La chronique de Monstrelet, 1 400-1 444, ed. Louis Douet d'Arcq. Societe de FHistoire de France. 6 vols. Paris, 1857-62. — Translated by Thomas Johnes : The chronicles of Monstrelet [with continuations] to 15 16. 5 vols. Hafod, 1809. Other editions: 4 vols., Hafod, 1809; 13 vols, London, 1810; 2 vols., London, 1840. A continuation of Froissart, which contains information concerning the relations of England with France. Monstrelet was a magistrate of Cambrai. For the editions of his chronicle and the modern literature concerning him, see Potthast, Bibliotheca, i. 792. § 48] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 297 1819. More, Sir Thomas {d. 1535), History of King Richard III., ed. J. R. Lumby. Cambridge, etc., 1883. — Other editions: in More's Works, London, 1557; Historic of Edward V., 1641 ; in Kennett's Complete History of England, 1706 and 17 19; by S. W. Singer, 1821. — Latin version : Historia Ricardi regis Anglic, in More's Opera. Louvain, 1565. — Other editions of the Opera, Louvain, 1566, and Frankfort, 1689. Both versions are ascribed to More ; the Enghsh (written in 15 13) seems to be a paraphase of the Latin. Much of More's information was obtained from Cardinal John Morton [d. 1500), and some writers believe that Morton was the author of the Latin version. The tone of the biography is strongly Lancastrian, and hostile to Richard HI. The work, which was left unfinished, is valuable, though it displays a somewhat partisan spirit. See T. E. Bridgett, Life and Writings of Thomas More, London, etc., 1891 ; W. H. Hutton, Sir Thomas ISIore, London, 1895; Frederic Seebohm, The Oxford Reformers, 3rd edition, London, 1S87. 1820. More, Thomas de la {fl. 1340). Vita et mors Edwardi regis Angliae [1307-27], ed. William Stubbs, Chronicles of the Reigns of Edward I. and Edward II., ii. 297-319. Rolls Series. London, 1883. — Another edition, in Camden's Anglica, etc., Scripta, 593-603. Frankfort, 1602 ; also 1603. Mainly an extract from Geoffrey le Baker's Chronicle. More represented Oxfordshire in parliament in 1 340. 1821. MoRiNS, Richard de (d. 1242). Annales prioratus de Dunstaplia, a.d. 1-1297, ed. H. R. Luard, Annales Monastici, iii. 1-420. Rolls Series. London, 1866. — Another edition, by Thomas Hearne. 2 vols. Oxford, 1733. The part to 1 241 was compiled by Morins, who was prior of Dunstable, 1202-42. He began his work in 12 10, and carried it on from year to year until his death. Probably the entries from 1241 onward were also written at Dunstable contemporarily with the events narrated. The part to 1 20 1 is an abridgment of the works of Diceto ; the annals of the years 1201-97 are original. Much atten- tion is devoted to the affairs of the abbey and to the general history of England. ' Many historical facts,' says Luard, ' are known solely from this chronicle. . . . It is probably the most accurate record extant of the ordinar}' secular proceedings of a monastery in the thirteenth century.' 1822. Murimuth, Adam {d. 1347). Continuatio chronicarum [1303-47], ed. E. M. Thompson. Rolls Series. London, 1889. — Other editions (imperfect), with a continuation to 1380 : by Anthony Hall, Oxford, 1722; by Thomas Hog, English Hist. Soc, London, 1846. Begun about 1325; three recensions appeared between 1337 and 1347. The 298 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv part 1303-37 is meagre ; the later portion, 1337-47, is valuable for the history of the English campaigns in France. The author was a canon of St. Paul's, London, and precentor of Exeter. He was employed by Edward II. on missions to the papal court. The continuation, especially the part 1359-77, seems to be the work of a well-informed contemporary writer. 1823. *Newburgh, William of {d. circa 11 98). Historia rerum Anglicarum [1066-1198, with a continuation to 1298], ed. Richard Howlett, Chronicles of the Reigns of Stephen, Henry II., and Richard I., i. 1-408, ii. 409-583. Holls Series. London, 1884-85. — ■ Other editions: by WiUiam Silvius, Antwerp, 1567 (bad); in Commelin's Scriptores, 353-496, Heidelberg, 1587 (bad); by John Picard, Paris, 16 10, also 1632 ; by Thomas Hearne, 3 vols., Oxford, 1 7 19; by H. C. Hamilton, English. Hist. Soc, 2 vols., London, 1856. — Translated by Joseph Stevenson, Church Historians of England, iv. pt. ii. 297-672 : The history of William of Newburgh. London, 1856. Probably begun in 1 196. Much of the matter is taken from Simeon of Dur- ham, Huntingdon, Fantosme, and other chroniclers, but it is entirely recast so as to form a valuable commentary on thehistorj'of the 12th century. The author dis- plays remarkable judgment and good sense in dealing with men and events. ' Many passages,' says Howlett, ' peld in force and elegance to the work of no writer of that age.' Freeman, in Contemporarj- Review, 1878, xxxiii. 216, calls him 'the father of historical criticism. ' He boldly assailed the fables of Geoffrey of Mon- mouth, which other medieval chroniclers accepted as historical facts. He was a canon of the Austin priory of St. Mary at Newburgh in Yorkshire. He was also called William Little, or Petit (Parvus). For the continuation to 1298, see No. 1687. There is a good account of Newburgh's History, by Kate Norgate, in Dictionary of National Biography, 1900, Ixi. 360-63 ; she calls it 'the finest historical work left to us by an Englishman of the twelfth century.' 1824. Niger, Ralph {d. circa 12 10). Radulphi Nigri Chronica; the chronicles of Ralph Niger, ed. Robert Anstruther. Caxtoti Soc. London, 185 1. Chronicon, from the creation to 1 199, I Chronicon secundum, A.D. i-circa pp. 1-IO4. 1 171, with a continuation, 1162- I 78, pp. 105-91. The first chronicle does not contain many notices relating to England. Those of the second chronicle are taken from Geoffrey of Monmouth, William of Malmesbury, and Henry of Huntingdon ; it is interesting chiefly on account ot the bitter invective against Henry II., who obliged Ralph to go into exile. The latter was an ardent supporter of Becket. ee Reinhold Pauli, Die Chroniken des Radulphus Niger, in Nachrichten der Gesellschaft der Wissenschafter zu Gottingen, 1880, pp. 569-89. § 48] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 299 1825. Notes (Brief) of occurrences under Henry VI. and Edward IV. [1422-62], ed. James Gairdner, Three Fifteenth-Century Chronicles, 148-63. Camde7i Soc. [London], 1880. Mainly Latin ; written in the 15th century. Of some value for the years 1459-62. 1826. Opus chronicorum [1259-96], ed. H. T. Riley, Johannis de Trokelowe et Henrici de Blaneford Chronica, etc., 3-59. Rolls Sei-ies. London, 1S66. Written 1301-1308, by a monk of St. Albans. 'Becomes more and more meagre in its details as it approaches his own times.' It was used by Rishanger (No. 1836). 1827. Otterbourne, Thomas {fl. 1400). Chronica regum Anglice [from Brutus to 1420], ed. Thomas Hearne, Duo Rerum AngHcarum Scriptores Veteres, i. 3-283. Oxford, 1732. Of some value for the years 1377-1420. According to Hearne, the author was a Franciscan friar ; but this is doubted by Little, who believes that the author was perhaps the Thomas Otterbourne who became rector of Chingford in 1393. See A. G. Little, The Grey Friars in Oxford (Oxford, 1892), 174-5. 1828. OxENEDEs, or OxNEAD, JoHN DE. Chronica [a.d. 449- 1293], ed. Henry Ellis. Rolls Series. London, 1859. Written late in the 13th centurj-. The author, a monk of St. Benet, Holme, Norfolk, made use of William of Malmesbury, Roger of Wendover, Matthew Paris, and other chroniclers, adding no new information except some facts of local interest concerning Norfolk. 1829. Page, John. Poem on the siege of Rouen [1418], ed. James Gairdner, Historical Collections of a Citizen of London in the Fifteenth Century, 1-46. Camden Soc. [London], 1876. — Another edition, by J. J. Conybeare and Frederic Madden. Soc. of Afitiq. of London, Archaeologia, xxi. 43-78, xxii. 350-98. London, 1827-29. An accurate account, written in English soon after the siege. 1830. *Paris, Matthew {d. circa 1259). Chronica majora [from the creation to 1259], ed. H. R. Luard. Rolls Series. 7 vols. London, 1S72-83. — Other editions of the part 1066-1259, with a continuation to 1273: [by Matthew Parker], London, 1571 ; by William Wats, London, 1640. — Excerpts, a.d. 47-1259, by Felix Liebermann, in Pertz's Scriptores (No. 594), xxviii. 107-389. Hanover, 1888. — Translated into French by Alphonse Huillard- BrehoUes : Grande chronique de Matthieu Paris. 9 vols. Paris, 1840-41. —Translated into English by J. A. Giles : Matthew Paris's 300 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv English history [with the continuation], from 1235 to 1273. Bohti^s Antiquarian Library. 3 vols. London, 1852-54. — Historia Anglorum sive Historia minor [1067-1253], ed. Frederic Madden. Rolls Series. 3 vols. London, 1866-69. — For other editions of the Chronica Majora, etc., see Potthast, Bibliotheca, i. 778-9. Matthew Paris is commonly considered to be England's greatest medieval historian. His style is graphic, his view is broad, and he exhibits a keen interest in national politics. He became a monk of St. Albans in 1 2 17, and succeeded Wendover as chronographer of that abbey in 1236. He came in contact with the prominent men of his time, and was on familiar terms with Henry III. The nucleus of the Chronica Majora was a compilation made by John de Cella, abbot of St. Albans (i 195-1214) ; it extended to 1 188, and was continued by Roger of Wendover to 1235. Paris revised these two works, and carried the story to 1259. His revisions of the narrative to 1235 are clearly indicated in the appendix to Coxe's edition of Wendover (No. 1864). Three recensions of the Chronica Majora appeared in 1250, 1253, and 1259. This work is very valuable for the study of English and continental history. It also contains many details concerning the affairs of the abbey of St. Albans, and many papal bulls, royal letters, and other documents. Much of the author's information was gathered from eye-witnesses of the events narrated. He speaks the truth fearlessly, boldly condemning the abuses of the court and the church, rebuking pope, king, nobles, and clergy, when they are deemed worthy of blame. This chronicle was con- tinued to 1306 by Rishanger (No. 1836). The Additamenta, or Liber Additamentorum, printed in vol. vi. of Luard's excellent edition of the Chronica Majora, fonns a kind of appendix to Paris's greater chronicle and to his Vitse Abbatum ; it contains charters granted to the abbey, papal letters, royal writs, etc., A.D. 793- 1258. The Historia Minor, begun in 1250, is an abridgment of the Chronica Majora, but it contains some additional information. Paris's Vitx Abbatum S. Albani, edited by Wats, 1640 [1639] and 1684 [1682], extends to 1255, and is incorporated by Walsingham in his Gesta Abbatum (No. 2403). Another work ascribed to Paris is the Abbre- viatio Chronicorum Anglire, compendious annals, A.D. 1000-1255 : No. 1674. See Luard's prefaces ; Hardy, Catalogue of Materials, vol. iii. preface ; Dictionary of National Biography, 1895, xliii. 207-13: Augustus Jessopp, St. Albans and her Historian, in his Studies by a Recluse (London, 1893), ^~^S 5 Liebennann, in Pertz's Scriptores, xxviii. 74-106 ; and Hans Plehn, Der Poli- tische Character Alatheus Parisiensis, ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Englischen Verfassung im 13. Jahrhundert, Leipsic, 1897. 1831. *Peterborough, Benedict of {d. 11 93). Gesta regis Henrici Secundi Benedicti abbatis : the chronicle of the reigns of Henry H. and Richard L, 1169-92, known commonly under the name of Benedict of Peterborough, ed. William Stubbs. Rolls Series. 2 vols. London, 1867. — Another edition, by Thomas Hearne : De vita et gestis Henrici II. et Ricardi I. 2 vols. Oxford, 1735. The most valuable chronicle of the reign of Henry II. Begun about 1172 § 48] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 301 from that year onward most of the events were recorded contemporaneously. Many documents are embedded in the narrative. Benedict, abbot of Peterborough, was not the author ; the work was ascribed to him because one of the extant manuscripts was transcribed by his order. Stubbs believes that it was not written at Peterborough or St. Albans, and surmises that it may be a transcript of Richard Fitz-Neal's lost Tricolumnis altered from its tripartite shape. The view that it represents the Tricolumnis, presented by Stubbs as ' a chance hypo- thesis,' is rejected by Felix Liebermann, Dialogus deScaccario (Gottingen, 1875), 65-69. For the defects of the Gesta, see Liebermann, in Pertz's Scriptores (No. 594), 1885, xxvii. 82-83. 1832. Poitiers, Willi.\m of {fl. circa 1087). Gesta Willelmi ducis Norman norum et regis Anglise [1035-67], ed. Andre Duchesne, Historic Normannorum Scriptores, 178-213. Paris, 161 9. — Re- printed by Francis Maseres, Historiae Anglicanae Selecta Monumenta, 37-167. London, 1807. — Other editions: in Giles's Scriptores (No. 1671), 77-159, London, 1845 ; and Migne's Patrologia, cxlix. 1217-70, Paris, 1853. — Translated into French, in F. P. G. Guizot's Collection de Memoires, xxix. 319-439 : Vie de Guillaume le Con- querant. Paris, 1S26. This biography, which has not come down to us in its complete form, is one of the chief sources relating to William the Conqueror's career, but it is untrust- worthy as regards English affairs. The author was ' more studious of his patron's glory than of truth and accuracy.' Freeman (Norman Conquest, ii. 163) calls him 'a well-informed contemporary,' but adds that 'the work is disfigured by his constant spirit of violent partisanship.' His sympathies are anti-English. William of Poitiers, a Norman, who had made a long sojourn in Poitiers, was archdeacon of Lisieux and chaplain of William the Conqueror. He was a soldier before he became a priest. The date of his death is unknown. See Gustav Korting, Wilhelm's von Poitiers Gesta Guilelmi, etc. : ein Beitrag zur Anglo- Normannischen Historiographie, Dresden, 1875, pp. 41. 1833. Redman, Robert. Henrici Quintihistoria [1413-22], ed. C. A. Cole, Memorials of Henry V., 1-59. Rolls Series. London, 1858. Of no historical value. Written in praise of Henry V., between 1536 and 1544. Very little is known concerning the author. 1834. RiEVAULX, Aelred OF {d. 1 1 66). Relatio de standardo, ed. Richard Hewlett, Chronicles of the Reigns of Stephen, Henry H., and Richard L, iii. 179-99. -Rolls Series. London, 1886. — Other editions: in Twysden's Scriptores X., 337-46, London, 1652; and Migne's Patrologia, cxcv. 701-12, Paris, 1855. An account of the battle of the Standard, 1138 ; less important than Richard of Hexham's work on the same subject (No. 1792). Aelred spent his youth at 302 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part tv the court of David, king of Scotland, and was abbot of Rievaulx, in Yorkshire. He ' ranks in the second class of the English mediseval historians, and even there does not occupy the first place ' : Hardy, Catalogue of Materials, ii. 293. See Dictionarj' of National Biography, 1889, xviii. 33-35. 1835. RiGORD {d. circa 1209). Gesta Philippi August! [1179- 1208], ed. H. F. Delaborde, CEuvres de Rigord et de Guillaume le Breton, i. 1-167. Societe de FHistoire de France. Paris, 1882. — Translated into French, in F. P. G. Guizot's Collection de Memoires, xi. 1-179: "Vie de Philippe- Auguste. Paris, 1825. Rigord, a monk of St. Denis, began his career as a physician of Languedoc. His work was abridged, and continued to 1223, by WiUiam of Armorica, or Guillaume le Breton, chaplain of Philip Augustus {d. circa 1226), in his Gesta Philippi Augusti and in his great poem entitled Philippi de ; both are translated into French in Guizot's Collection, 1825, vols, xi.-xii. The works of Rigord and Guillaume le Breton are valuable for the relations of Henry II., Richard I., and John to France. For other editions,'see Potthast, Bibliotheca, i. 552, ii. 973. 1836. RiSHANGER, William {d. after 1312). Chronica [1259- 1306, together with Rishanger's Gesta Edwardi Primi Regis Anglise, 1 297-1 307, and three fragments of Annales Regis Edwardi Primi which have been attributed to him], ed. H. T. Riley. Rolls Series. London, i865.^Chronicon de duobus bellis apud Lewes et Evesham [1263-67], ed. H. T. Riley, Walsingham's Ypodigma Neustrise, 491-565. Rolls Series. London, 1876. — Another edition, by J. O. Halliwell : The chronicle of William de Rishanger of the barons' war. Camden Soc. London, 1840. The first of these works is a continuation of Matthew Paris's Chronica Majora. The part 1259-72 was completed after 1290, and the part 1272-1306 after 1327. Probably this chronicle, or a large portion of it, has been wrongly assigned to Rishanger. The author seems to have borrowed much from Trevet. The second work, Gesta Edwardi Primi, compiled soon after 1307, is brief and of little value. Riley calls the Chronicle of the Barons' War (written after 1307) 'a literary production, lame, disjointed, verbose, obscure, and, in many places, almost unintelligible.' It exhibits ardent admiration for Simon de Montfort. Rishanger became a monk of St. Albans in 1271. Perhaps he succeeded Matthew Paris as official chronicler, or historiographer, of that abbey, but there seems to have been a suspension of historical activity in St. Albans from about 1267 to about 1300. Riley believes that Rishanger was still alive in 1327. He was sixty-two years old in 1312. See No. 1681. 1837. Ross, John {d. 1491). Historia regum Anglis [from the creation to 1485], ed. Thomas Hearne. Oxford, 17 16; 2nd edition, 1745- Written between 1485 and 1491. Down to 1483 it is very meagre; the § 48] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 303 account of the reign of Richard III. is somewhat fuller. Ross, or Rous, was a native of Warwick. 1838. Rouen, Etienne de {d. circa 11 70). Stephani Rotho- magensis monachi Beccensis poema cui titulus ' Draco Normannicus,' ed. Richard Howlett, Chronicles of the Reigns of Stephen, Henry II., and Richard I., ii. 585-781. Rol/s Series. London, 1885. — Other editions : by Angelo Mai, in Appendix ad Opera edita ab Angelo Maio, 20-65, Rome, 187 1 ; by Henry Omont, Le Dragon Normand et autres Poemes d' Etienne de Rouen, 1-167, Societe de PHistoire de Normandie, Rouen, 1884. — A large part of it is also printed in Pertz's Scriptores (No. 594), xxvi. 153-94- Hanover, 1882. Deals with Henry II. and his parents, King Stephen, William the Conqueror, Hugh Capet, Charlemagne, the death of the Empress Maud, and other topics, to 1 169. Large portions o the work are derived from Dudo of St. Quentin and William of Jumieges ; but it furnishes some new facts for the history of the years 1153-69. Draco, in the title of the poem, means 'standard.' See Charles Fierville, Etienne de Rouen, in Bulletin de la Societe des Antiquaires de Nor- mandie (Caen, 1878), viii. 54-78, 421-42. 1839. RuDBORNE, Thomas {fl. 1460). Historia major de fundatione et successione ecclesise Wintoniensis [a.d. 164-1138], ed. Henry Wharton, Anglia Sacra, i. 177-286. London, 1691. Written about 1454. Deals with the general history of England, as well as with the affairs of the see of Winchester. Rudborne was a monk of St. Swithun's, Winchester. The Historia Minor, which seems to have been a summary of the Historia Major, is not now extant. 1840. Sainte-Maure, Benoit de {d. after 1189). Chronique des dues de Normandie [from the creation to 1135], ed. Francisque Michel. Documents In'edits. 3 vols. Paris, 1836-44. A French poem, of no great value, written about 11 So at the request of Henry II. Its chief authorities are Dudo of St. Quentin and William of Jumieges. Benoit was a Norman who was attached to the court of Henry II. See E. D. Grand's article in La Grande Encyclopedic [18S8], vi. 2 10- 12. 1841. Silgrave, Henry de. Chronicon Henrici de Silegrave : a chronicle of English history, from the earliest period to 1274, ed. C. Hook. Caxton Soc. London, 1849. To 1066 it is taken mainly from William of Malmesbury. Some of the brief notices of the barons' war, 1263-65, are useful; Nothing is known concerning the author. Perhaps he was the abbot of Ramsey named Silgrave who died in 1268. 304 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [pabt iv 1842. Song of Dermot and the earl, an old French poem [to about 1175, with a translation], ed. G. H. Orpen. Oxford, 1892. — Another edition, by Francisque Michel : Anglo-Norman poem of the conquest of Ireland by Henry II. London, 1837. In its present form, probably composed about 1225. Perhaps it was based on a chronicle "furnished or written by Morice Regan, an eye-witness of much that the song narrates on his authority ; but it is difficult to determine his share in the authorship of the work. Regan was secretary of Dermot McMurrough, king of Leinster. The poem has much historical value. It is concerned mainly with the adventures of Dermot and his son-in-law Strongbow, earl of Pembroke {d. 1176). See J. H. Round, Commune of London, 1899, ch. vii. ; and F. Liebermann, in English Historical Review, 1893, viii. 129-33. 1843. Sprott, Thomas (Jl. 1272). Chronica [from the crea- tion to 1377], ed. Thomas Hearne. Oxford, 1719. — Thomas Sprott's Chronicle of profane and sacred history [from the creation to 1307]. Translated by William Bell, accompanied by a facsimile of the codex [in a separate roll]. Liverpool, 185 1. These are two distinct chronicles, of little value, which have erroneously been attributed to Sprott. He was a monk of St. Augustine's, Canterbury, who wrote a history of the abbots of that monastery from 596 to 1272. This work, which was used by Thome (No. 1845), is no longer extant. 1844. Tayster, or Taxster, John de {d. after 1265). Cronica abbreviata [from the creation to 1265], ed. Benjamin Thorpe, Florentii Wigorniensis Chronicon, ii. 136-96. Etiglish Hist. Soc. London, 1849. — A better text of the years 125S-63, ed. H. R. Luard, Bartholomeei de Cotton Historia Anglicana, 137-40. Rolls Series. London, 1859. Thorpe edits only the part 1152-1265. To the year 1201 the chronicle is a brief compilation from Florence of Worcester, William of Malmesbury, and other chroniclers, and the notices of the years 1 202-58 are taken mainly from Matthew Paris ; but the entries for the years 1258-65 seem to be original. Tayster was a monk of Bury St. Edmunds and a partisan of Simon de Montfort. 1845. Thorne, William {JI. 1397). Chronica de rebus gestis abbatum S. Augustini Cantuariae [a.d. 578-1397], ed. Roger Twysden, Scriptores X., 1753-2202. London, 1652. Deals with the general history of England, as well as with the affairs of the abbey. To 1228 the work is derived mainly from Sprott's Chronicle. Thorne was a monk of St. Augustine's, Canterbury. 1846. Tigernach {d. 1088). Annals of Ireland, to 10S8, with a continuation to 11 78. See No. 1377. § 48] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 305 1847. Tilbury, Gervase of {fl. 12 12). Otia imperialia, eel. G. G. Leibnitz, Scriptores Rerum Brunsvicensium, i. 881-1004, ii. 751-84. Hanover, 1707-10. — Extracts, ed. Joseph Stevenson, Radulphi de Coggeshall Chronicon, 419-49. Rolls Series. London, 1875- Written about 1212 for the recreation of the emperor Otto IV. Contains odds and ends about natural history, politics, etc. , and an interesting account of the kings of England from 1066 to 11 99. Gervase, a native of Tilbury in Essex, entered the service of Otto IV., who made him marshal of the kingdom of Aries. See Reinhold Pauli, Gervasius von Tilbury, Nachrichten der Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Gottingen, 1882, pp. 312-32. 1848. *ToRiGNi, or Monte, Robert of {d. 1186). The chronicle of Robert of Torigni [Chronica Roberti de Torigneio, a.d. 94-1 1 86 J, ed. Richard Howlett, Chronicles of the Reigns of Stephen, HenrylL, and Richard L, iv. 3-315. Rolls Series. London, 1889. — Other editions : by L. C. Bethmann, in Pertz's Scriptores (No. 594), vi. 475-535, Hanover, 1844; reprinted in Migne's Patrologia, clx. 411-546, Paris, 1854; by Leopold Delisle, Societe de PHistoire de IVormandie, 2 vols., Rouen, 1872-73. — Translated by Joseph Steven- son, Church Historians of England, vol. iv. pt. ii. : The chronicles of Robert de Monte. London, 1856. Written from time to time, a.d. ii 50-86 ; the first recension seems to have been completed in 11 57. To iioo the work is borrowed mainly from Sigebert of Gemblours. The author also uses Henry of Huntingdon, Eadmer, William of Jumieges, etc. The chronicle is valuable for the internal affairs of England in 1153-54, and for the foreign policy of Henry II., 1154-70. Robert of Torigni also probably wrote a history of Henrj' I. (No. 1805). He Ijecame prior of Bee about 1 149, and was elected abbot of Mont-Saint-Michel in 1154. He visited England in 11 57 and 1175. For other editions of his chronicle, besides those named above, see Howlett's preface, pp. Ixv.-lxix. ; and Potthast, Bibliotheca, ii. 977. For the chronicle of Sigebert of Gemblours [d. 11 12), which Robert of Torigni continued, see ibid., ii. 1016-17 ; and Hardy, Catalogue of Materials, ii. 1 16-18. 1849. *Trevet, Nicholas {d. 1328). Annales sex regum Anglic, II 35-1 307, ed. Thomas Hog. English Hist. Soc. London, 1845. — Other editions : in Luc d'Achery's Spicilegium, viii. 411-728, Paris, 1668 (new edition, iii. 143-231, Paris, 1723); by Anthony Hall, Oxford, 17 19. The early portion is compiled mainly from William of Newburgh, Robert of Torigni, and Ralph of Diceto. For the reign of Edward I. the work is a valuable contemporary record. Trevet also wrote a scanty chronicle in French, to 1313, which has never been printed. Pie was a Dominican friar who taught in the X 3o6 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part it schools of Oxford. Modern writers usually call him Trivet, but the proper form of his name seems to be Trevet. 1850. Trikinghham, Elias of {fl. 1320). Annales [a.d. 626- 1268], ed. Samuel Pegge. London, 1789. pp. 46. A meagre collection of historical notes gleaned from various chroniclers. Apart from a few details regarding the abbeys of Peterborough and Ramsey, the work is of no value. The author was probably a monk of Ramsey. 1851. *Trokelowe, John of {fi. 1330). Annales [1307-23], ed. H. T. Riley, Johannis de Trokelowe et Henrici de Blaneforde Chronica et Annales, 61-127. Rolls Series. London, 1866. — Another edition, by Thomas Hearne. Oxford, 1729. Written after 1229 ; valuable for the reign of Edward 11. The author, a monk of St. Albans, was an eye-witness of many of the transactions which he narrates. His work was the basis of Walsingham's account of the years 1307-23 ; but Walsingham attributes these annals to Rishanger. 1852. Troves, Chrestiende (^. circa 1195). Du roi Guillaume d'Angleterre, ed. J. A. Giles, Scriptores Rerum Gestarum Willelmi, 179-269. Caxton Soc. London, 1845.— Another edition, in Michel's Chroniques Anglo-Normandes, iii. 39-172. Rouen, 1840. A French poem (of no historical authority) relating to William the Conqueror. • Temoigne d'une grande fecondite d'imagination.' Chrestien \\2& the most cele- brated French poet of the 12th century. See Histoire Litteraire de la France (Paris, 1869), XV. 193-264. 1853. UsK, Adam of (d. after 1415). Chronicon, 1377-1404. Edited, with a translation, by E. M. Thompson. Royal Soc. of Literature. London, 1876. Written after 141 5, and intended as a continuation of Higden. The part 1377-94 is meagre. The most valuable portion of the work is the account of the years 1397-99, but some of the statements in this part are borrowed from the monk of Evesham (No. 1797). The author, a Welshman, was a priest and a lawyer. He sat on the commission for the deposition of Richard II., and was employed in the service of Henry IV. 1854. Vergil, Polydore {d. circa 1555). Anglicse histori?e libri xxvii. [from the earliest times to 1538}. Leyden, 165 1. Other editions, Basel, 1555, 1556, and 1570. — Editions of bks. i.-xxvi., to 1509: Basel, 1534, 1546; 2 vols., Ghent, 1556-57; 2 vols., Douai, 1603. — Three books of Polydore Vergil's English history, comprising the reigns of Henry VL, Edward IV., and Richard III. [1422-85, from a translation of Henry VIII. 's time], ed. Henry § 48] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 307 Ellis. Camden Soc. London, 1844. — Polydore Vergil's English history, from an early translation. Vol. i., containing the first eight books, comprising the period prior to the Norman conquest, ed. Henry Ellis. Camden Soc. London, 1846. Ellis says that this is • the first of our histories in which the writer ventured to compare the facts and weigh the statements of his predecessors.' Gairdner calls it ' the first fruit of the revival of letters in the field of English history.' Vergil's repudiation of the fables of Geoffrey of Monmouth raised a great outcry against his work, which was completed in 1533. The most valuable portion is the account of the reign of Henry VII. Vergil was an Italian who came to England in or about 1505 as sub-collector of Peter's pence, and who afterwards held various English benefices, returning to Italy in 1550. 1855. Versus rhythmici de Henrico Quinto, ed. C. A. Cole, Memorials of Henry V., 61-75. -RoHs Series. London, 1858. A eulogy of the character of Henrj' V. , to whose household the writer be- longed. 1856. ViGEOis, Geoffrey of {fl. 1184). Chronica Gaufridi prioris Vosiensis ccenobii [a.d. 996-1184], ed. Philippe Labbe, Nova Bibliotheca, ii. 279-342. Paris, 1657. Completed in 1184. Valuable for the continental policy of Henry II. The author was prior of the abbey of ^^igeois. 1857. Vita Edwardi IL [1307-48], ed. William Stubbs, Chronicles and Memorials of the Reigns of Edward L and Edward IL, ii. 155-294. Rolls Series. London, 1883. — Another edition, by Thomas Hearne, Johannis de Trokelowe Annales, 93-250. Oxford, 1729. Valuable for the reign of Edward II. ; the best of the three lives of that king edited by Stubbs. Hearne attributed it on insufficient grounds to a monk of Malmesbury, Probably most of it was written toward the close of Edward II. 's reign. The part 1326-48, added later, was taken from Higden's Polychronicon. 1858. *ViTALis, Ordericus (^. clrca 1142). Historia ecclesias- tica [.\.D. I- 1 141], ed. Auguste le Prevost. Societe de PHistoire de France. 5 vols. Paris, 1838-55. — Other editions: in Duchesne's Historian Normannorum Scriptores, 319 925, Paris, 1619 ; Bouquet's Recueil des Historiens, ix. 10-18, x. 234-6, xi. 221-48, xii. 585- 770, Paris, 1757-81; Migne's Patrologia, clxxxviii. 15-984, Paris, 1855. — Translated into French by Louis Dubois : Histoire de Nor- mandie. 4 vols. Paris, 1825-27. — Translated into English by Thomas Forester : The ecclesiastical history of England and Nor- mandy. Bohn^s Antiquarian Library. 4 vols. London, 1853-56. Compiled during the years 1 123-41. Contains a valuable account of English and Norman history (secular as well as ecclesiastical) from 1066 to 1141, though X 2 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [paet iv much of the author's information regarding the period of the Norman Conquest was derived from William of Poitiers and William of Jumieges. The chronology is very faulty, and there are many confusing digressions. Orderic Vital was born in Shropshire in 1075 5 i" 1085 he went to Normandy, where he became a monk of St. Evroul. See Hardy, Catalogue of Materials, ii. 217-23 ; J. Tessier, De Orderico Vitali, Poitiers, 1872, pp. 73 ; R. W. Church, St. Anselm (London, 1888), ch. vi. 1859. Wage (d. circa 1175). Le roman de Brut, ed. A. J. V. Le Roux de Lincy. 2 vols. Rouen, 1836-38. — Le roman de Rou et des dues de Normandie [from RoUo to 1106], ed. Frederic Pluquet. 2 vols. Rouen, 1827; supplement, 1829. — Another edition (the most complete, but not good), by Hugo Andresen. 2 vols. Heilbronn, 1877-79. — Master Wace his chronicle of the Norman conquest, from the Roman de Rou. Translated by Edgar Taylor. London, 1837. — The conquest of England, from Wace's Roman de Rou. Translated into English rhyme, with the text after Pluquet, by Alexander Malet. London, i860. Two French metrical chronicles. The Roman de Brut, completed in 1155, is partly a translation and partly a paraphrase of Geoffrey of INIonmouth's work, and served as the basis of Layamon's Brut (No. 1S09). Wace's Roman de Rou (Rollo), written 1160-74, is of much more historical value. His chief sources are Dudo of St. Quentin and William of Jumieges ; probably he also used Malmes- bury's Gesta Regum. Freeman (Norman Conquest, v. 581) believes that the Roman de Rou is the most trustworthy narrative of the battle of Hastings, of which Wace gives a very full account ; but Round distrusts the historical authority of this chronicle, and urges that it should be used with the greatest caution. Wace was born in Jersey about iioo. See Plardy, Catalogue of Materials, ii. 428-37 ; Gustav Korting, Ueber dieQuellen des Roman de Rou, Leipsic, 1867, pp. 67 ; Gaston Paris, in Romania, 1880, ix. 592-614 ; Potthast, Bibliotheca, ii. 1 102 ; J. H. Round, Wace and his Authorities, in Round's Feudal England, (London, 1895), 409-18. i860. Wallingford, John of (d. 1258). Cronica [a.d. 449- 1035], ed. Thomas Gale, Scriptores XV., 525-50. Oxford, 1691. — Excerpts, 1201-58, ed. Felix Liebermann, in Pertz's Scriptores (No. 594), xxviii. 505-11. Hanover, 1888. — Translated by Joseph Stevenson, Church Historians of England, vol. ii. pt. ii. 521-64: The chronicles of John Wallingford, a.d. 449-1035. London, 1854. A compilation, of no value. The latter part is taken mainly from Matthew Paris. The author was a monk of St. Albans. 1861. *Walsingham, Thomas (fl'. circa 1422). Historia Angli- cana [12 7 2-1 42 2], ed. H. T. Riley. Jio//s Series. 2 vols. London, 1863-64. — Other editions, with the title Historia Brevis ab § 48] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 309 Edwardo I. ad Henricum V. : [by Matthew Parker], London, 1574 ; in Camden's Anglica, etc., Scripta, 37-408, Frankfort, 1602 _ (also 1603). — Ypodigma Neustrise [from the first invasions by the North- men to 1419], ed. H. T. Riley. Rolls Series. I^ondon, 1876. — Other editions : [by Matthew Parker], London, 1574; in Camden's Anglica, etc., Scripta, 409-592. The earlier portion of the Historia Anglicana is a compilation from other chroniclers ; and the part 1272-1377 is derived mainly from Hemingburgh, Hig- den, Rishanger, and Trokelowe. The contemporary account of the years 1377- 1422 is original and valuable. It is particularly important for the career of Wyclif, Wat Tyler's revolt, and other events of Richard II. 's reign. Riley believes that the part 1392-1422 was not written by Walsingham, but Gairdner (Early Chroniclers, 268) shows that this view is untenable. The Ypodigma Xeustrite, or Memorials of Normandy (dedicated to Henry V. in 1419), is a manual of Norman and English history. The earlier part is derived from William of Jumieges, Diceto, Trevet, etc. In this and in his other works Walsingham \dlifies the Lollards. For his Gesta Abbatum S. Albani, see No. 2403. He was precentor and ' scriptorarius,' or principal scribe, of the abbey of St. Albans. In 1394 he was made prior of Wymondham, Norfolk, but he probably returned to St. Albans in 1400. 1862. Warkworth, John {d. 1500). A chronicle of the first thirteen years of the reign of Edward IV. [1461-74], ed. J. O. Halliwell. Camden Soc. London, 1839. PP- 79- — Reprinted, with modernised orthography, in the Chronicles of the White Rose of York (No. 1668), 97-142. London, 1845. A short but valuable historical fragment, written in English, contemporaneously with the events narrated, in continuation of a copy of Caxton's Chronicle. It was bequeathed by Warkworth to St. Peter's college, Cambridge, of which he was master, A.D. 1473-1500; its authorship is usually attributed to him, but there is no evidence to prove that he wrote it. The chronicle exhibits a distinct bias in favour of the Lancastrian house. 1863. Waurin, Jehan de {d. circa 1474). Recueil des croniques et anchiennes istories de la Grant Bretaigne [from the earliest times to 147 1], ed. William Hardy and E. L. C. P. Hardy. Vol. i., Albina to A.D. 688 ; vols, ii.-v., 1 399-147 1. Rolls Series. 5 vols. London, 1864-91. — Another edition of the part 1325-1471, by L. M. E. Du- pont. Societe de mistoire de France. 3 vols. Paris, 1858-63. — Translated from the French by William Hardy and E. L. C. P. Hardy : A collection of chronicles and ancient histories of Great Britain [from Albina to a.d. 688, and 1399-1431]. Rolls Series. 3 vols. London, 1864-91. A general collection of the then existing materials of English history. The part to 1413 was completed about 1455 ; the rest was written in the time of 3IO A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [paet iv Edward IV. The author made much use of the Chronicle of Brute (No. 1733), Froissart, and Monstrelet, but from 1444 to 147 1 the work is in large part original and contemporary. Waurin belonged to a noble family of Artois. He fought at the battle of Agincourt on the French side, but later he served against the French under the banner of the duke of Burgundy, 1419-35. 1864. *Wendover, Roger of {d. 1236). Flores historiarum [from the creation to 1235], ed. H. O. Coxe. English Hist. Soc. 4 vols, and appendix. London, 1841-44. This edition covers the years A.D. 447-1235. — Another edition, of the part 1 154-1235 (badly edited), by H. G. Hewlett. Rolls Series. 3 vols. London, 1886- 89. — Translated by J. A. Giles : Roger of Wendover's Flowers of history, a.d. 447-1235. * Bohfi's Antiquarian Library. 2 vols. London, 1849. A general chronicle relating to the continent as well as to England. Its nucleus was a compilation, extending to 1188, made b)^ John de Cella, abbot of St. Albans (1195-1214). This was continued by Wendover to 1235 and by Matthew Paris to 1259 : see No. 1830. Coxe's appendix shows the variations in the texts of Wendover and Paris to 1235. Wendover's work, especially the part 1200-1235, is an original authority of great value. ' His signal merit as a con- temporary chronicler, which atones for many deficiencies, is his fearless frankness of speech without respect of persons.' He was historiographer of the abbey of St. Albans. See Hewlett's introduction ; the prefaces to Luard's edition of Matthew Paris's Chronica Majora ; and Pertz's Scriptores (No. 594), xxviii. 3-20. 1865. Whethamstede, John {d. 1465). Registrum abbatise Johannis Whethamstede Roberto Blakeney cappellano quondam adscriptum [1451-61J, ed. H. T. Riley, Registra Quorundam Abbatum Monasterii S. Albani, i. 1-433. Rolls Series. London, 1872. — Another edition, under the title Johannis de Whethamstede Chronicon, e Registro ejus, by Thomas Hearne, Duo Rerum Angli- carum Scriptores Veteres, ii. 311-540. Oxford, 1732. Probably compiled by some unknown hand soon after Whethamstede 's death. The work deals not merely with the affairs of the abbey, but is also a valuable contemporary account of the political history of England, especially during the years 1455-61. Blakeney formerly owned the manuscript. Vol. ii., pp. 3-24, of Riley's edition of the Registra contains letters written by Whethamstede, A.D. 1459-64. He was abbot of St. Albans, 1420-40, 1451-65. 1866. *Worcester, Florence of {d. 11 18). Chronicon ex chronicis [a.d. 450-1 117, with two continuations to 1141 and 1295], ed. Benjamin Thorpe. English Hist. Soc. 2 vols. London, 1848- 49. — Other editions: from the creation to 1141 [by William Howard], London, 1592 ; from the creation to 1141, with the Flores Historiarum ascribed to Matthew of Westminster, Frankfort, 1601 §48] Chronicles and Royal Biographies 311 (badly edited); from a.d. 450 to 1066, in Petrie's Monumenta, 522- 615, London, 1848. — Translated by Joseph Stevenson, Church Historians of England, vol. ii. pt. i. : The chronicle of Florence of Worcester, with a continuation [to 1141]. London, 1853. — Trans- lated by Thomas Forester : The chronicle of Florence of Worcester, with two continuations [to 1295]. Bohn's Antiquarian Library. London, 1854. The nucleus of this work is the chronicle of Marianus Scotus, which ends in 1082 and to which Florence made many additions relating to England, using Bede, the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, and Asser. He had before him a version of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle which is no longer extant. For his own time Florence's narrative is valuable. The author of the continuation to 1141 was John, a monk of Worcester, a contemporaiy of the events which he records. The second continuation, down to 1152, is extracted from the chronicle of Henry of Huntingdon ; the part 1152-1265 is taken from the chronicle of John of Taxster ; and the remainder was written by John of Eversden. Florence was a monk of Worcester, concerning whose personal history very little is known. See Dictionary of National Biography, 1889, xviii. 89-90; xix. 335-6. 1867. Worcester, William of {d. circa 1480). Annales rerum Anglicarum [1324-1468, 1491], ed. Joseph Stevenson, Letters and Papers illustrative of the Wars of the English in France during the Reign of Henry VI., ii. 743-93. Rolls Series. London, 1864. — Another edition, by Thomas Hearne, Liber Niger Scaccarii, ii. 424- 52. Oxford, 1728; reprinted, London, 1771. — William of Wor- cester's Collections respecting the wars of the Enghsh in France and Normandy [1423-52, written in French and English], ed. Joseph Stevenson, Letters and Papers illustrative of the Wars of the English, etc., ii. 519-742. Rolls Series. London, 1864. The Annales contains some useful information concerning the Wars of the Roses. There are no entries for the years 1469-90 ; and the account of the year 1491 looks like an addition by a later hand. Besides his Annales and Collec- tions, William wrote a Latin itinerary, edited by James Nasmith, Itineraria Symonis Simeonis et Willelmi de Worcestre (Cambridge, 1778), 77-378. It is a sort of commonplace book, containing topographical and other information con- cerning various parts of England. The last entry is dated 1459, in which year the Itinerarium seems to have been completed. The part relating to Bristol is also printed in the Antiquities of Bristow, by James Dallaway, Bristol, 1834. William of Worcester, also called William Botoner, was a native of Bristol and an ardent adherent of the house of York. He was secretary to John Fastolf, the celebrated Norfolk knight. See F. A. Gasquet, Old English Bible, 1897, pp. 286-318. 1868. ^^■YKES, Thomas {d. circa 1293). Chronicon vulgo dictum Chronicon Thomse Wykes [i 066-1 289], ed. H. R. Luard, Annales 312 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv Monastic!, iv. 6-319. Rolls Series. London, 1869. — Another edition, in Gale's Scriptores Quinque, 21-118. Oxford, 1687. Written in the abbey of Osney. To 1258 it closely resembles the Annals of Osney (No. 1693), the earlier portion of which Wykes probably used ; their relations to each other are fully considered by Luard. Wykes also used Florence of Worcester, Diceto, Newburgh, and Matthew Paris ; but from 1256 or 1262 onward he is an original authority. ' For the whole history of the campaigns of Lewes and Evesham, and the events immediately preceding and following them,' says Luard, ' his histoiy must always be of the first importance. ' This work is a notable exception to the rule that the chroniclers are partisans of Simon de Montfort : Wykes was an ardent royalist. He became a monk of Osney in 1282. 1869. Wyntoun, Andrew of {d. circa 1425). The orygynale cronykil of Scotland [from the creation to 1408], ed. David Laing, in Historians of Scotland, vols, i., iii., ix. 3 vols. Edinburgh, 1872- 79. — Another edition, by David Macpherson. 2 vols. London, 1795- An English poem, completed about 1420. The author was a canon regular of the priory of St. Andrews and prior of St. Serf's in Loch Leven. See W. A. Craigie, The St. Andrews MS. of Wyntoun's Chronicle, in Anglia, 1S98, xx. 363-80. § 49. LAW-WRITERS. a. Principal Treatises, Nos. 1 870-76. b. Short Tracts, Nos. 1877-83. The Quadripartitus and other law-books of the first half of the twelfth century, examined in § 36 b, are in large part undigested collections of Anglo-Saxon dooms, with some amendments made by William the Conqueror and his sons. The treatise of which Glan- vill is the reputed author (No. 1874) marks considerable progress in the systematic exposition of English law, and embodies the legal reforms introduced by Henry II. In Henry III.'s reign Bracton, the greatest law-writer of medieval England, produced the first com- prehensive survey of English law : No. 1870. In the last decade of the thirteenth century Fleta, Britton, and Thornton attempted to present Bracton's material in a more compendious form. Of these abridgments Britton's is the most valuable. The compendium, or Summa, of Gilbert Thornton, which seems to have been made in 1292, is not now extant. The author was chief justice of the king's bench. Our knowledge of the work is derived from Selden's disserta- tion on Fleta: No. 1872. To the reign of Edward I. belong also the untrustworthy Mirror of Justices, Hengham's two Httle treatises § 49] Law- Writers 3 1 3 on procedure, the precedents of John of Oxford, some of the tracts in Maitland's Court Baron, and perhaps the tractlet called Fet Assa- voir : Nos. 1875, 1878-80, 1883. The fourteenth century is barren of important law-books : a few anonymous tracts of uncertain date, like the Modus Tenendi Curias, the Old Tenures, and the Novas Narrationes (Nos. 1878, 1 88 1-2), seem to belong to this period. Two great legal writers stand forth prominently in the fifteenth century, namely, Fortescue and Littleton (Nos. 1873, 1876), but their works are hmited in scope. For the Roman law in Glanvill, Bracton, Britton, and Fleta, see T. E. Scrutton, Influence of the Roman Law, 1885, pp. 74-124 ; and No. 1870. These four writers, together with Fortescue and Little- ton, throw much light on social and constitutional as well as on legal history. Imperfect texts of Glanvill, Britton, Fleta, and the Mirror of Justices are printed in David Hoiiard's Traites sur les Coutumes Anglo-Normandes, 4 vols., Rouen, 1776. We now have good editions of Britton, the Mirror, and Fortescue's Governance ; but Glanvill, Bracton, Fleta, and Fortescue's De Laudibus need re- editing. Some useful bibliographical notes will be found in J. G. Marvin's Legal Bibliography, Philadelphia, 1847. For Lyndwood and John of Ayton, see No. 622. a. PRINCIPAL TREATISES. 1870. *Bracton, Henry de {d. 1268). Henrici de Bracton De legibus et consuetudinibus Angliae libri quinque [with a translation], ed. Sir Travers Twiss. Roils Series. 6 vols. London, 1878-83. — Earlier editions, 1569, 1640. The correct form of his name seems to have been Bratton. In the plea rolls from about 1245 to 1267 he is often called an itinerant justice, and in 1264 he was appointed dean of the cathedral church of Exeter. His work, which was compiled probably between 1250 and 1258, is the first comprehensive exposition of English law and by far the most important law-book of medieval England. He borrowed some maxims and rules from the Roman law, chiefly from the Summa of Azo of Bologna. ' His law is English case law systematised by the aid of methods and principles which have been learnt firom the civilians. ' There has been considerable dispute as to the extent of the influence of the Roman law upon Bracton, but the substance of his work is doubtless based upon English precedents. A Note Book (No. 2032), comprising about 2000 cases taken from the plea rolls of England, seems to have been made by or for Bracton, and was used by him in the compilation of his treatise. A good edition of his law-book is needed ; Twiss did not understand the pedigree of the manuscripts, and hence failed to distinguish Bracton's original work from later interpolations. 314 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [paet iv Literature : — Bracton's note book, ed. F. W. Alaitland. 3 vols. London, etc., 1887. See No. 2032. (The introduction, i. 13-61, contains a good account of Bracton's life and law-book. ) GiJTERBOCK, Carl. Henricus de Bracton und sein Verhaltniss zum xo- mischen Recht. Berlin, 1862. — Translated by Brinton Coxe : Bracton and his relation to the Roman law. Philadelphia, 1866. Maitland, F. W. Henry de Bracton or Bratton. Dictionary of National Biography, vi. 144-7. London, 1886. ScRUTTON, T. E. Influence of Roman law, pp. 78-121. Cambridge, 1885. Select passages from Bracton and Azo, ed. F. W. Maitland. Selden Soc. London, 1895. (Contains those portions of Bracton in which he follows Azo, a legist who stood at the head of the Bolognese school of law early in the 13th centur}\ Bracton borrowed about one-fifteenth of his matter from Azo. ) ViNOGRADOFF, PAUL. The text of Bracton. Law Quarterly Review, i. 189-200. London, 1885. (Severely criticises Twiss's edition. ) 1871. Britton. Britton : the French text carefully revised, with an English translation, ed. F. M. Nichols. 2 vols. Oxford, 1865. — Earlier editions, [circa 1530], 1640. — Translated by Robert Kelham : [Bk. i.] : The ancient pleas of the crown. London, 1762. The name Britton is applied to a treatise compiled about 1291, which makes the law appear in the king's name, in the form of royal precepts. It is in large part an abridgment of Bracton, but the writer shows some originality in the arrangement of the material, and turns to account some of Edward I.'s statutes. Perhaps he also made use of Fleta. Nothing is known regarding the authorship of the work. It used to be ascribed to John Breton, bishop of Hereford, but that theory cannot be true, for he died in 1275. As Bracton's name was some- times written Britton or Bretton, Selden surmised that the treatise obtained its name from the author out of whose work the material was mainly derived. The best account of Britton will be found in the introduction to Nichols's excellent edition. 1872. Fleta seu Commentarius juris Anglicani ; accedit tracta- tulus Fet assavoir dictus ; subjungitur etiam Joannis Seldeni Ad Fletam dissertatio historica. London, 1647; 2nd edition, 1685. — Fleta: liber primus [ed. Sir Thomas Clarke]. London, 1735. This is the work of an anonymous author, compiled about 1290 ; according to the preface, it was written in Fleet prison. It is an abridgment of Bracton, with some additions derived mainly from the statutes of Edward I. The most striking departure from Bracton's treatise is found in the account of manorial organisation, but even this part of Fleta exhibits little originality. Clarke's text, as far as it goes, is more accurate than that of either of the other two editions. The latter contain Selden's Latin dissertation on Fleta, which was translated in 1 771 [by Robert Kelham]. §49] Law-Writers 315 1873. FoRTESCUE, Sir John {d. 1476 ?). The works of Sir John Fortescuc. Collected by Thomas (Fortescue), Lord Clermont. 2 vols. London, 1869. [Half-title : Sir John Fortescue, his life, ■works, and family history, in two volumes.] — An insertion, vol. i. pp. 57-90, was printed in 1877 : De titulo Edwardi comitis Marchiae, Avith a translation, ed. William Stubbs. — Vol. ii. : History of the family of Fortescue ; 2nd edition, 1880. Sir John Fortescue was chief justice of the king's bench and an ardent ad- herent of the house of Lancaster. Having been attainted for treason by Edward IV., he went into exile with Queen Margaret in 1463, and remained abroad until 1 47 1. He was taken prisoner at the battle of Tewkesbur}', was induced to retract all that he had written against Edward IV. 's title, and was pardoned by the king. He wrote several tracts in favour of the Lancastrian house (De Natura Legis Naturre, etc. ). His two principal works, the De Laudibus Legum Anglia: and the Governance of England, though more concerned with politics than with law, throw light on trial by jury and other legal institutions of England. In the De Laudibus, which was written between 1468 and 1770, in the form of a dialogue, for the instruction of Edward, son of Henry VI. , Fortescue compares the law of England with that of the continent (especially with the civil law of France), and commends the advantages of the former. His chief object is to show the superiority of a constitutional over a despotic government. The various editions are: [1537]; with Robert Mulcaster's translation, 1567, 1573. 1575, ^Sl^t 1599) 1609 ; with Mulcaster's translation and Selden's notes, 1616, 1660, 1672 ; with Francis Gregor's translation, 1737, 1741, I775 ; Gregor's edition, with notes by Andrew Amos, 1825 ; with Gregor's translation, in Lord Clermont's Works of Fortescue, 1869 ; with Gregor's translation and Lord Clermont's Life of Fortescue, Cincinnati, 1874. A good edition is needed. See also Edward Waterhous, Fortescutus lUustratus, a Commentary on De Laudibus, London, 1663. Fortescue's Governance of England, otherwise called the Difference between an Absolute and a Limited Monarchy, has been well edited by Charles Plummer, Oxford, 18S5 ; older editions, 1714, 1719, and 1869. It was written between 1 47 1 and 1476, and is the earliest English treatise on constitutional history. Like the De Laudibus, it emphasises the advantages of a limited over an absolute monarchy. Measures are suggested for strengthening the crown and reducing the power of the nobles. Much attention is devoted to the reform of the royal revenues and to the reconstruction of the privy council. There is a good account of Fortescue's life and works in the introduction to Plummer's edition of ihe Governance. See also Stubbs, Constitutional Historj', § 365 ; and Henry Morley, English Writers, 1890, vol. vi. ch. ix. 1874. *Glanvill, Ranulf de {d. 11 90). Tractatus de legibus at consuetudinibus regni Anglise. London, [1554]. — Other editions: 1557, 1604, 1673, 1780J by George Phillips (No. 2824), 1828. A new edition, by I. S. Leadain, will soon be published in the Rolls Series. — Translated by John Beames. London, 181 2. Glanvill aided Henry II. in his military operations against the Scots and the 3i6 A,D, 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv Welsh, and was chief justiciar of England from 11 80 to 11 89. The Tractatus de Legibus is usually ascribed to him, but there is no good evidence to show that he wrote it. It may have been written by his nephew, Hubert Walter. The work was compiled near the end of Henry II. 's reign, 1187-89. It is the oldest of the legal classics of England, and marks a distinct advance over the unsystematic law-books of Henry I.'s time (§ 36 b). ' With the exception of the Decretum, it was the earliest systematic treatise that appeared after the dissolution of the Roman Empire.' The author's primary object is to describe the procedure of the king's court, but he also throws nauch light upon other legal institutions. ' Glanville, who led the way,' says Reeves, ' is still entitled to the veneration always due to those who open the paths to science.' His work helped to make law and practice more uniform throughout England along the lines marked out by Henry II. The law-book known from its opening words as Regiam Majestatem is a Scotch version of Glanvill, compiled in the first half of the 13th century. The two works are collated in Acts of the Parliament of Scotland, 1S44, i. 135-74, and the Regiam Majestatem is printed ibid., i. 597-641 ; cf. George Neilson, Trial by Combat, 1890, pp. 99-104. There is an excellent account of Glanvill by F. W. Maitland in Dictionary of National Biography, 1890, xxi. 4 13- 15. See also Maitland, Glanvill Revised, in Harvard Law Review, 1893 [1892], vi. 1-7, where he describes a revised version of Glanvill written, or perhaps only transcribed, by Robert Carpenter of Haresdale about 1265. 1875. HoRNE, Andrew {d. 1328). The mirror of justices [French text with a translation]. Edited by W. J. Whittaker, with an introduction by F. W. Maitland. Selden Soc. London, 1895. — Earlier edition : La somrne appelle Mirroir des justices, 1642. — Translated by W[illiam] H[ughes], 1646 ; other editions, 1649, 1659, 1768, 1840. This work, which was probably written in the reign of Edward I., perhaps between 1285 and 1290, is usually attributed to Andrew Home, chamberlain of the city of London, but it is not certain that he was the author. It treats of all branches of the law, and proposes remedies for various legal abuses. The treatise abounds in falsehoods and myths. ' What then shall we say of this book ? and what shall we call its author ? Is he lawyer, antiquary, preacher, agitator, pedant, faddist, lunatic, romancer, liar ? A little of all perhaps, but the romancer seems to predominate.' This quotation is taken from Maitland's introduction (to Whittaker's edition), where the best account of the Mirror will be found. See also I. S. Leadam, The Authorship of the Mirror of Justices, in Law Quarterly Review, 1897, xiii. 85-103 ; he believes that the work was transcribed under the direction of Andrew llornc, but that it was probably compiled by an earlier member of the Home family. 1876. *LiTTLETON, Sir Thomas {d. 1481). Lyttleton : his treatise of Tenures, in French and English, a new edition, to which are added the ancient treatise of the Olde Tenures and the customs of Kent, ed. T. E. Tomhns. London, 1841. — The first part of the Institutes of the laws of England, or a commentary upon Littleton. § 49] LAW-WRITERS 317 London, 1628. 19th edition [with valuable notes], by Francis Har- grave and Charles Butler, 2 vols., 1832 ; reprinted, Philadelphia, 1853- Littleton was appointed one of the judges in the court of common pleas in 1466. His treatise, which was probably compiled in 1474-75, contains a lucid account of the various tenures and estates of England. Coke calls it ' the most perfect and absolute work that ever was written in any human science.' It used to be called Tenores Novelli, to distinguish it from an older work on the same subject (No. 1882). The first part of Coke's Institutes, commonly designated ' Coke upon Littleton,' contains Littleton's text with a translation and an ela- borate commentary ; in this form the treatise long remained the chief authority on the English law of real property. Four editions of Littleton's text were printed without title-page in Henry VII. 's time, the first of them about 1481. The British Museum has twenty-nine editions, published between 148 1 and 1639. See British Museum Catalogue, 1891, pp. 277-82 ; J. M. Rigg, in Dictionary of National Biography, 1893, xxxiii. 373-6 ; K. E. Digby, in Encyclopaedia Bri- tannica, 1882, xiv. 703-5. b. SHORT TRACTS. All of these, except Nos. 1880 and 1883, are anonymous. For the Old Natura Brevium, see No. 2043. 1877- Brevia placitata : a thirteenth-century collection of pre- cedents for pleadings in the king's courts, ed. G. J. Turner. University Press, Cambridge. In preparation. Compiled late in the reign of Henry HI. Each precedent usually comprises a writ, a count, and a plea. 1878. *Court baron (The), being precedents for use in seignorial and other local courts, together with select pleas from the court of Littleport [and a translation], ed. F. W. Maitland and W. P. Baildon. Selden Soc. London, 1891. La court de baron, 19-67. Compiled late in the 13th century. De placitis et curiis tenendis, 68-78. Perhaps written by John of Oxford, a monk of Luffield, toward the end of Henry III.'s reign or early in Edward I.'s. Modus tenendi curias, 79-92. Compiled about 1307. Modus tenendi curias, 93-106. Professes to relate what happened in certain imaginary courts in 14-16 Edward HI. ; written about 1342, partly in French and partly in Latin. Pleas at Littleport, 107-47. See No. 22S6. 1879. Fet assavoir, in Fleta (No. 1872), 446-52. London, 1647. -^ Also printed at the end of the second edition of Fleta, 1685. A very short French tract on procedure, the date and author of which are unknown. Reeves, English Law% ch. xi., seems to ascribe it to the reign of Edward I. 3i8 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [paht iv 1880. Hengham, Ralph de {d. 131 1). Radulphi de Hengham Summs, Magna Hengham et Parva vulgo nuncupatse. [Printed with Fortescue's De Laudibus.] London, 1616. — Reprinted [with the De Laudibus], 1660, 1672, 1737, 1741, 1775. Hengham Magna and Hengham Parva are two little treatises on procedure, dealing with essoins, defaults, writs, etc. Hengham, chief justice of the king's bench, was convicted of false judgment in 1289-90; in 1301 he was appointed chief justice of the court of common pleas. 1881. [Novae narrationes.] Herein is conteined the booke called Novae narrationes, the booke called Articuli ad Novas narra- tiones, and the booke of Diversities of courtes. London, 1561. The French tract called Novae Narrationes deals with the method of pleading, and is usually assigned to the reign of Edward III. It was first printed about 1515. 1882. Olde teners newly corrected. London, 1525. — Two earlier editions, without title-page ; other editions, 1528, 1530, 1532, 1538, etc., and in the later editions of Coke upon Littleton (No. 1876). A meagre French tract of uncertain date, ascribed to the reign of Edward III. It is called Old Tenures to distinguish it from Littleton's work on the same subject. 1883. [Oxford, John of.] A conveyancer in the thirteenth century. By F. W. Maitland. Law Quarterly Revieiv, vii. 63-69. London, 1891. Maitland here gives an account of a collection of precedents or forms of conveyancing, written by John of Oxford, a monk of Luffield priory, early in the reign of Edward I. See No. 1878. § 50. THE EXCHEQUER AND REVENUE. a. Domesday Book and Supplementary Surveys, Nos. 1884- 1 9 14. b. The Dialogus and Exchequer Books, Nos. 191 5- 18. c. Pipe Rolls, Nos. 1919-29. d. Expenditure and Receipt Rolls, Nos. 1930-35. e. Wardrobe and Household Accounts, etc., Nos. 1936-45. f. Taxation or Subsidy Rolls, Nos. 1946-84. g. Memoranda, Originalia, and Fine Rolls, Nos. 19S5-92. h. Miscellaneovis : Ministers' Accounts, etc. , Nos. 1993-99. There is an account of the chief revenue rolls in F. S. Thomas's Ancient Exchequer (London, 1848), 61-92. See also Joseph Redington's Account of the Miscellaneous Records of the Queen's Remembrancer, Deputy Keeper's Reports, 1879, xl. 467- §50] The Exchequer and Revenue 319 79; Martin's Index and Palgrave's Kalendars (Nos. 475, 479); and, for modern works on the exchequer and revenue, §§ 18, 66. a. DOMESDAY BOOK AND SUPPLEMENTARY SURVEYS. Domesday Book was compiled in 10S6. The material was collected by royal commissioners, probably in the shire courts, from the verdicts of local juries. This information was reduced to writing, and, having been rearranged and digested, was embodied in two volumes usually designated the Exchequer Domesday. The actual survey seems to have been made hundred by hundred, while Domesday Book, excepting Essex, Norfolk, and Suffolk, contains only abstracts of the survey rearranged under the names of tenants- in-chief ; all the lands of each tenant-in-chief of the crown are given under his name, no matter in what hundred they may be. The first volume, sometimes called Great Domesday, containing 382 folios, includes thirty counties ; the second, called Little Domesday, a smaller volume of 450 folios, comprises longer reports of Essex, Norfolk, and Suffolk. Round believes that the Great Domesday was * a first attempt at the codification of the returns,' and that a new plan of arrangement was adopted for Little Domesday. The counties of Northumberland, Cumberland, Westmoreland, and Durham are not included in the survey, but parts of Cumberland and Westmore- land are included in Yorkshire. Lancashire and Rutlandshire are dealt with only in part, under the names of other shires. ' Domesday is a geld book, a tax book. Geldability, actual or potential, is its main theme.' The survey was intended primarily to ascertain the assessments for the payment of the king's geld and to prevent the evasion of its payment. Incidentally the survey furnishes a vast mass of details regarding the classes of society, land tenures, social life, and legal institutions of England, before and after the Norman Conquest. The Exchequer Domesday is supplemented by other records, which may be divided into three groups :— 1. The Exon Domesday, a survey of the five south-western shires, the Inquest of Ely, and the Inquest of Cambridgeshire (Nos. 1884, 1893-6, 1909, 191 2). These records seem to be fuller copies or digests of the original returns of the royal commissioners from which the Exchequer Domesday was compiled. 2. The geld inquests of Northamptonshire and the five south- western counties (Nos. 1884, 1891, 1895, ^9°^> 1909)- They record two assessments of Danegeld made between 1066 and 1084. 3. Various local surveys of the twelfth century, notably Liber Winton, Boldon Book (Nos. 1898, 1901), and four surveys which 320 A.D, 1066-1485 : Original Sources [pai^t iv seem to be connected with the assessment of Danegeld in Leicester- shire, Lincohishire, Northamptonshire, and Worcestershire (Nos. 1903-4, 1907, 19^3)- Among the older works on Domesday those deserving particular mention are two brief essays by P. C. Webb, one entitled A Short Account of Some Particulars concerning Domesday, 1756, and the other on Danegeld (No. 1590); Jiobert Kelham's Domesday Book Illustrated, 17S8; Ellis's Introduction {No. 1886); J. F. Morgan's England under the Norman Occupation (No. 2821) ; Freeman's Norman Conquest, vol. v. ch. xxii. and appendix. The scholarly works of Eyton (Nos. 1887, 1897, 1909-10) have added much to our knowledge of the subject ; and a still greater advance in the scientific study of the survey has been made in recent years by the researches of Maitland and Round (Nos. 1889, 1891). For incomplete bibliographies of the Domesday literature, see Nos. 1885, 1885 a. The extensions and translations of the following portions of Domesday are useful, especially for the identification of place- names : — Cheshire and Lancashire, by William Beamont, 1863 ; 2nd ed., 1882. Cornwall, 1861 (extension) ; 1875 (translation). Derbyshire, by Llevvellynn Jewitt, 1871. Devon, by J. B. Rowe : No. 1895. Essex, by T. C. Chisenhale-Marsh, 1864. Hampshire, by Henry Moody, 1862. Huntingdonshire, 1864 (translation only). Kent, by L. B. Larking : No. 1902. Lincolnshire and Rutlandshire, by C. G. Smith [1870] (translation only). Middlesex, 1862 ; by P. Harrison, 1876. Northamptonshire, by S. A. Moore, 1863. Surrey, 1862. Sussex, by W. D. Parish : No. 191 1. Warwickshire, by William Reader, 1835; 2nd ed., by E. P. Shirley [1879]. Wiltshire, by W. H. Jones : No. 1912. Worcestershire [by W. B. Sanders], 1864. For the full titles of these works, see the printed catalogue of the library of the British Museum under 'Domesday Book.' The most valuable of them are given below under the names of the counties (Nos. 1892-1914). General. 1884. *Domesday book seu Liber censualis Wilhelmi Primi regis Anglige [ed. Abraham Farley]. 2 vols. [London, 1783.] Vols, iii.-iv. [ed. Henry Ellis], Record Com., [London], 1816. — Domes- day book, photozincographed facsimile. 33 [35] pts. Ordinance Survey Office, Southampton, 1861-64. § 50] The Exchequer and Revenue 321 The best edition is that of 1 783-18 16. Vol. i. contains : — Bedfordshire Berkshire Buckinghamshire Cambridegshire Cheshire Cornwall Derbyshire Devon Dorset Gloucestershire Hampshire Herefordshire Hertfordshire Huntingdonshire Kent Leicestershire Lincolnshire Middlesex Northamptonshire Nottinghamshire Oxfordshire Shropshire Somersetshire Staffordshire Surrey Sussex Warwickshire Wiltshire Worcestershire Yorkshire Vol. ii. Essex, Norfolk, Suffolk. Vol. iii. Indexes and general introduction. See No. 1886. Vol. iv. Additamenta : Exon Domesday, Inquisitio Eliensis, Liber Winton, Boldon Book. For the last three of these surveys, see Nos. 1893, 1898) 1901. The Exon Domesday, preserved among the muniments of the dean and chapter of Exeter, gives an account of Cornwall, Devon, Somerset, Dorset, and Wilts, derived directly or indirectly from the verdicts of the Domesday jurors ; it contains some particulars omitted from the Exchequer Domesday. At the beginning of the MS., pp. 1-75 of Ellis's edition, we find the Inquisitio Geldi, an inquest for the assessment of a Danegeld levied in 1084 on the hundreds of these five counties. 1885. Birch, Walter de Gray. etc., 1S87. A popular account. Bibliography, 315-24. Domesday book. London, 1885 a. Domesday studies : papers read at the meeting of the Domesday commemoration, 1886, ed. P. E. Dove. 2 vols. London, 1888-91. The study of Domesday, by Stuart [A.] Moore, i. 1-36. Domesday survivals, by Isaac Taylor, i. 47-66. Danegeld and finance, by J. H. Round, i. 77-142. The ploughland, by Isaac Taylor, i. 143-88. Measures of land, by J. H. Round, i. 189-225. Unit of assessment, by O. C. Pell, i. 227-385, ii- 561-619. The church (episcopal endowments), by James Parker, ii. 399-432. Official custody of Domesday, by Hubert Hall, ii. 517-37. An early reference to Domesday, by J. H. Round, ii. 539-59. Domesday bibliography, by H. B. I Wheatley, ii. 663-95. Some of these essays, especially those of Round, are valuable. On the early custody of Domesday, see also the papers by Round and Hall in the Antiquary, 1887, XV. 246-9, xvi. 8-12, 62-64. Round continues his discussion of measures of land in the Archaeological Review, 1888-89, i- 285-95, iv. 130-40. See also No. 1891. Y 322 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [paet iv 1886. Ellis, Henry. General introduction to Domesday book. Record Com. 2 vols. [London], 1833. An older edition will be found in vol. iii. of Domesday (No. 1884). Ellis gives useful statistics compiled from the great survey. 1887. Eyton, R. W. Notes on Domesday. Reprinted from the Transactions of the Shropshire Archaeological Society, 1877. London, etc., 1880. pp. 20. See Nos. 1897, 1909- 10. 1888. Kelham, Robert. Domesday book illustrated. London, 1788. The best of the older works on Domesday. Glossary, 145-369. 1889. *Maitland, F. W. Domesday book and beyond. Cam- bridge, 1897. Domesday, 1-219. Deals with its plan, the various classes of persons and tenures which it mentions, the manors, boroughs, etc. The best analysis of the contents of Domesday. See No. 1891. 1890. Pollock, Frederick. A brief survey of Domesday. English Hist. Review., xi. 209-30. London, 1896. A good short account. 1891. *Round, J. H. Feudal England. London, 1895. Domesday, 3-146. i The Lindsey survey, 1115-1S, pp. 181 The Northamptonshire geld roll, 1066- 1 -95. 75, pp. 147-56. The knights of Peterborough, Hen. I., 1 57-63. The Worcestershire survey. Hen. I., 169-80. The Leicestershire survey, 1124-29, pp. 196-214. The Northamptonshire survey. Hen. I. -Hen. II., 215-24. Round propounds the new theory that the assessment of land in Domesday is based on the five-hide unit in south England and on the six-carucate unit among the Danes in the north. He also throws light on other problems : for example, on the relations of the inquests of Ely and Cambridgeshire to the original returns of the Domesday jurors. In the English Historical Review, 1900, xv. 293-302, he criticises Maitland's definition of the Domesday manor (No. 1S89). Bedfordshire. 1892. Airy, William. A digest of the Domesday of Bedford- shire. Bedford, 1881. § 50] The Exchequer and Revenue 323 Cambridgeshire. 1893. *Inquisitio comitatus Cantabrigiensis ; subjicitur Inquisitio Eliensis : ed. N. E. S. A. Hamilton. Royal Soc. of Literature. London, 1876. The Inquest of Cambridgeshire seems to be a copy of the original returns from which Domesday was compiled. This copy was made in the latter part of the I2th century, and it deals with the holders of lands in Cambridgeshire. Hamilton prints the texts of the Inquest and Domesday in parallel columns. The Inquest of Ely (Hamilton, pp. 97- 1 95) relates to the lands of Ely abbey in Cambridgeshire, Hertfordshire, Essex, Norfolk, Suffolk, and Huntingdonshire. Round believes that it is copied in part from the original returns of the Domesday jurors and in part from the second volume of the Exchequer Domesday. Hamil- ton's edition is better than that of Ellis (No. 1884). 1894. Walker, Bryan. On the measurements and valuations of the Domesday of Cambridgeshire. Ca?}ibridge Antiq. Soc, Com- munications, V. 93-129 and supplement. Cambridge, 1886 [1884], Bryan also has a paper on the Inquisitio Comitatus Cantabrigiensis, ibid., 1891 [1887], vi. 45-64. Devonshire. For various papers on the Devon Domesday by O. J. Reichel, see Devon. Assoc, for Advancement of Science, etc., Trans., 1894- 98, vols, xxvi.-xxx. 1895. The Devonshire Domesday and geld inquest : extensions, translations, and indices [ed. J. B. Rowe and others]. Devon. Assoc. for Advancement of Science, etc. 2 vols. Plymouth, 1884-92. Contains the Devon portions of both the Exchequer Domesday and the Exon Domesday. 1896. Whale, T. "W. Analysis of Exon Domesday. Devon. Assoc, for Advancemefit of Science, etc., Trans., xxviii. 391-463. Plymouth, 1896. Deals especially with the part relating to Devon. Dorset. 1897. Eyton, R. W. a key to Domesday, exemplified by an analysis and digest of the Dorset survey. London, etc., 1878, Valuable. Y 2 324 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv 4 Durham. 1898. Boldon buke : a survey of the possessions of the see of Durham made by order of Bishop Hugh Pudsey in 1183, with a translation, ed. William Greenwell. Surtees Soc. Durham, 1852. This survey enumerates various services and rents due to the bishop ; it is called Boldon Book because the services of the village of Boldon are often referred to as a standard. There is another edition, by Ellis (No. 1884). Greenwell, in his appendix, prints extracts from the pipe rolls of Henry I., Richard I., and John, with Bishop Beck's great roll of receipts, A.D. 1309, and several charters. Gloucestershire. 1899. Ellis, A. S. Some account of the landholders of Glouces- tershire named in Domesday. [Reprinted from the Transactions of the Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society, vol. iv.] n.p., 1880. 1900. Taylor, C. S. An analysis of the Domesday survey of Gloucestershire. Bristol. andGlouc. Archaol. Soc. Bristol, [iSSyj-Sg. Valuable. Hampshire. J. H. Round's account of the Hampshire portion of the Domes- day survey, in the Victoria History of the Counties of England (No. 839), will be published in 1900. 1901. Liber Winton, ed. Henry Ellis, Domesday Book (No. 1884), iv. 529-62. Record Com. [London], 1816. The Liber Winton, which is preserved in the library of the Society of Anti- quaries of London, comprises two distinct records. The first is a survey of royal lands in Winchester, with the landgavel and geld paid in the time of Edward the Confessor and Henry I. ; it was made between 1 107 and 11 28, by order of the king, from the verdicts of eighty -six burgesses. The second is an inquest of all .lands in Winchester, made in 1148 by command of the bishop of Winchester. Kent. 1902. Larking, L. B. The Domesday book of Kent, with translations and appendix. London, 1869. Leicestershire. 1903. The Leicestershire survey (1124-29), ed. J. H. Round, Feudal England, 197-203. London, 1895. — Survey of Leicester- shire [with a photographic copy. Translated by W. K. Boyd.] § 50] The Exchequer and Revenue 325 Leicestersh. Archit. and AtcIkzoL Soc, Trans., viii. 179-83. Lei- cester, 1896. This survey deals with the land-owners of v-arious hundreds, vill by vill, and was probably compiled in connection with the assessment of a geld. Lincolnshire. 1904. The Lincolnshire survey, temp. Hen, I. [facsimile of the whole text, with a translation], ed. James Greenstreet. London, 1884. pp. 37. — Translated by R. E. C. Waters: A roll of the owners of land in the parts of Lindsey in Lincolnshire, compared with the Domesday survey of Lindsey. Reprinted from the Associated Architectural Societies' Reports and Papers, 1882, vol. xvi. pt. ii. Lincoln, [1883]. pp. 65. This survey, made in 1115-18 for the assessment of a geld, gives the names of the tenants-in-chief of the crown, with the locality and extent of their estates, and in some cases the names of their under-tenants. See Round, Feudal England (No. 1891), 181-95. Norfolk. 1905. MuNFORD, George. An analysis of the Domesday book of the county of Norfolk. London, 1858. Northamptonshire. 1906. The Northamptonshire geld roll, ed. Henry Ellis, Litro- duction to Domesday (No. 1884), i. 184-7. [London], 1833. This Anglo-Saxon document records a levy of Danegeld between 1066 and 1075. See Round, Feudal England (No. 1891), 147-56. 1907. The Northamptonshire survey, ed. J. H. Round, Feudal England, 215-24. London, 1895. Round prints about a fifth of the survey, which is somewhat similar to that of Leicestershire (No. 1903). He believes that it 'was originally made under Henry I., and was subsequently corrected here and there, to bring the entries up to date, down to the days of Henry H.' Round's account of the Northamptonshire portion of the Domesday survey, in the Victoria History of the Counties of England (No. 839), will be published in 1900. See also his essay on the Hidation of Northamptonshire, in English Historical Review, 1900, xv. 78-86. Oxfordshire. 1908. M[owat], J. L. G. Notes on the Oxfordshire Domesday. Oxford, etc., 1892. pp. 31, and map. 326 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv Somerset. 1909. Eyton, R. W. Domesday studies : analysis and digest of the Somerset survey (according to the Exon codex) and of the Somerset gheld inquest of a.d. 1084, as collated with Domesday. 2 vols. London, etc., 1880. Valuable. There is a good Domesday map of Somerset, by Bishop Edmund Hobhouse, in the Proceedings of the Somersetshire Archreological and Natural History Society, 1890 [1889], vol. xxxv. pt. i. Staffordshire. 1910. Eyton, R. W. Domesday studies : analysis and digest of the Staffordshire survey. London, etc., 1881. Valuable. Sussex. 1911. Domesday book in relation to the county of Sussex. Edited [with a facsimile of the text, a translation, and map] for the Sussex Archaeological Society, by W. D. Parish. Lewes, 1886. Wiltshire. 1912. Jones, W. H. Domesday for Wiltshire, with translations. Bath, etc., 1865. Contains the extended texts of the Exchequer Domesday and Exon Domes- day, with an analysis, etc. Worcestershire. 1913. The Worcestershire survey, temp. Hen. I., in Thomas Hearne's edition of Heming's Chartularium Ecclesise Wigornensis, 313-16. Oxford, 1723. Tliis survey seems to have been made in consequence of a dispute between the sheriff of the shire and the church of Worcester as to the number of hides in the county for which that church should be rated. See Round, Feudal England (No. 1891), 169-80. Yorkshire. 1914. Ellis, A. S. Some account of the landholders of York shire named in Domesday. [Reprinted from the Journal of the Yorkshire Archaeological and Topographical Association, 1877, iv. 114-57, 214-48, 384-415 ; 1879, V. 289-330.] n.p., 1878. § 50] The Exchequer and Revenue 327 b. the dialogus and exchequer books. The Black Book and the Red Book of the Exchequer (Nos. 1916-17) both contam the Dialogus de Scaccario (No. 1915). The 'cart^e ' of 11 66 and other portions of the Red Book are also in the 'Little' Black Book (No. 19 16), and some entries in the latter are also found in the Black Book. The 'cartte' of 1166 were returns made to the crown by the barons, stating the number of knights actually enfeoffed by each baron and his predecessors, with the number of men or ' milites ' whose service each feoffee owed to the baron. This information enabled the king to provide a new feudal assessment. See Round, Feudal England, 236-46. 1915. *Dialogus de scaccario. Edited by Thomas Madox, in the appendix to his History of the Exchequer. London, 171 1 ; 2nd edition, 1769. — Reprinted, without the notes, in Stubbs's Select Charters, 168-248. 8th edition. Oxford, 1895. — Translated by a gentleman of the Inner Temple [John Rayner] : The ancient dialogue of the exchequer. London, 1758. — Abetter translation, in E. F. Henderson's Select Historical Documents of the Middle Ages, 20-134. London, etc., 1892. Madox constructed his edition from the texts of the Black Book and Red Book (Nos. 1916-17). The Dialogus, which was completed in 1178 or 1179, was written by Richard Fitz-Neal, treasurer of England, 1158-98, and bishop of London, 1189-98. It is in the form of a dialogue between a master and his disciple, and consists of two books. The first book describes the organisation of the exchequer, its writs and rolls, and the functions of its officers. The second book treats of proceedings in the exchequer, the collection of debts, the manner in which accounts are rendered by the sheriffs, and the various sources of royal revenue. The treatise also contains much information regarding other institutions. See F. Liebermann, Einleitung in den Dialogus de Scaccario, Gottingen, 1875. A new edition of the Dialogus will soon be published by the Clarendon Press. 1916. Liber niger scaccarii, ed. Thomas Hearne. 2 vols. Oxford, 1728. 2nd edition, 2 vols., London, 1771 ; reprinted, 1774. This is the Liber Niger Parvus, which was probably compiled in the first decade of the 13th century by Alexander de Swereford. It contains three treaties of Henry I. and Henry II. with the count of Flanders, four bulls of Pope Alexander III., the 'cartee' of 1166, the Constitutio Domus Regis (circa 1 135), various charters, etc. This book should not be confused with the Liber Niger, which contains the Dialogus de Scaccario and miscellaneous entries relating to the exchequer from 19 Edward- II. to 1715. A part of the contents of both Black Books is also found in the Liber Rubeus (No. 1917). See George Wrottesley, The Liber Niger Scaccarii, Wm. Salt Archxol. Soc, 328 A.D. 1066- 1485 : Original Sources [part iv Collections, Birmingham, [1881], i. 145-240 ; Henry Barkly, Remarks on the Liber Niger, Bristol and Glouc. Archsol. See, Trans. [1890], xiv. 285-320. These two papers relate to the Little Black Book, and deal mainly with the ' cartje' of 11 66, for Staffordshire and Gloucestershire respectively. See also No. 1961. 1917. *[Liber rubeus de scaccario] : the red book of the exchequer, ed. Hubert Hall. Rolls Series. 3 vols. London, 1896. The earlier portion of this work was compiled about A.D. 1230 by Alexander de Swereford ; many additions were made from time to time, some of them as late as the i6th century. It contains charters, inquisitions, statutes, correspond- ence, surveys, fiscal accounts, exchequer precedents, papal bulls, etc. Hall prints many of the most important documents and a table of contents of the MS. volume. Among the valuable pieces which he omits are the Leges Henrici Primi (No. 1406) and the Dialogus de Scaccario. More than two-thirds of the material in his edition consists of records relating to feudal tenures, mainly of the reigns of Henry II., Richard L, and John: for example, the 'cartse' of 1166, lists of persons subject to the payment of scutage, A.D. 1156-1252, lists of knights' fees under the first four Angevin kings, etc. Volume iii. contains the Constitutio Domus Regis (circa 1 135), privileges and exemptions of exchequer officers, three royal ordinances of 1323-26 which aim to reform the exchequer administration, a fourteenth-century treatise on the mint, etc. These documents throw much light on the fiscal machinery of the 13th and 14th centuries, and the editor's elaborate preface gives much information regarding scutage, tenures, the exchequer admin- istration, and other topics. The severe criticism of this edition in J. H. Round's Studies on the Red Book of the Exchequer, London, 1898, pp. 91, is answered in Hall's Red Book of the Exchequer, a Reply to Mr. J. H. Round, London, 1898, pp. 18. See also Hall, The English Historical Review and the Red Book of the Exchequer, a letter to S. R. Gardiner, dated Feb. i, 1899, pp. 15. Joseph Hunter's Three Catalogues, London, 1838, reprinted from the appendix of the Record Commissioners' report of 1837, describes the contents of the Red Book. For the portion relating to the counties of Nottingham and Derby, see Yeatman, Feudal History of Derby (No. 871), i. 265-364. 1918. Table of contents of the red book [of the Irish exchequer]. Deputy Keeper's Reports, Ireland, xxiv. 96-99. Dublin, 1892. The earliest entries are of the time of John and Henry III. See J. F. Fer- guson, A Calendar of the Contents of the Red Book of the Irish Exchequer, Kil- kenny and South-East of Ireland Archsol. Soc, Proceedings (Dublin, 1856), iii. 35-52. c. PIPE ROLLS. The pipe rolls, also called annual or great rolls of the exchequer, record the yearly accounts of the sheriffs and other debtors of the crown as audited in the upper exchequer, and thus display the amount of the royal revenue derived from various sources. It has been conjectured that they were called pipe rolls either from their § 50] The Exchequer and Revenue 329 resemblance to the section of a drain pipe or because all the revenues or sheriffs' accounts flowed through them, as through a conduit, into the treasury ; both explanations are unsatisfactory. The series begins in 31 Henry I. (1130), but there is a gap from that year to 2 Henry H. ; then there is a roll for each year until 1832, excepting i Henry HI. and 7 Henry IV. In all there are 676 rolls, forming one of the completest and also one of the most valuable series of national records. They are particularly valuable for the legal and constitutional history of the twelfth century, because so few other records of that period are extant. There are also in the Public Record Office 612 duplicates or 'antigraphs ' of the pipe rolls, called chancellors' rolls, 9 Henry III.- 3 William IV. They were in charge of the chancellor, and served as a check on the pipe rolls, which were in the custody of the treasurer. General. 1919. *Great roll of the pipe for the fifth [to the twenty-first] year of Henry II., a.d. ii58-[75]. Pipe Roll Soc. 17 vols. London, 1884-97. The following rolls were printed by the Record Commission : — Magnum rotulum, 31 Hen. I., ed. Joseph Hunter, 1833. Great rolls of the pipe, 2, 3, 4 Hen. II., ed. Hunter, 1844. Great roll of the pipe, i Rich. I., ed. Hunter, 1844. Rotulus cancellarii vel antigraphum, 3 John, 1833. There are many extracts from the pipe rolls in Madox's History of the Exchequer and in his Firma Burgi (Nos. 830, 2959). At the end of the History of the Exchequer is his Disceptatio Epistolaris, an essay on the oldest roll ; translated by Rayner with the Dialogue of the Exchequer (No. 191 5). 1920. [Hall, Hubert.] Introduction to the study of the pipe rolls. Pipe Roll Soc. London, 1884. Cumberland, etc. 1921. The pipe rolls for the counties of Cumberland, ^Vestmor- land, and Durham, during the reigns of Henry II., Richard I., and John. Soc. of A}itiq. of Newcastle-up07i-Tyiie. Newcastle, 1847. Derbyshire and Notts. 1922. Extracts from the pipe rolls for the counties of Nottingham and Derby, 1 131-1307, ed. J. P. Yeatman, Feudal History of the County of Derby, i. 89-263. London, [1886]. Translation only. Also separately published. 330 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [paet iv Devonshire. 1923. Reichel, O. J. Extracts from the pipe rolls of Henry II. relating to Devon, with an appendix from Testa de Nevill. Reprinted from the Transactions of the Devonshire Association for the Advancement of Science, etc., 1897, xxix. 453-509. [Plymouth, 1897.] Contains translations of extracts, 1158-67, and the translation of an account roll of aids taken from Testa de Nevill, a.d. 1236 (No. 2161). Dorset. 1924. Barnes, W. M. The pipe rolls, Dorset [11 30-1 2 10]. Dorset Nat. Hist, and Antiq. Field Club, Proceedings, xiv. 119-38, XV. 117-41, xvi. 129-49, xix. 65-81. Dorchester, 1893-98. Brief notes and abstracts. Ireland. 1925. Inventory of the [Irish] pipe rolls, 13 Henry III.-George II. Irish Record Commissio}iers,YA^\h^&i^QxX.(^Q). 490), 125-36. [London, 1819.] Normandy. 1926. Magni rotuli scaccarii Normanniae sub regibus Angliae, ed. Thomas Stapleton. Soc. of Antiq. of London. 2 vols. London, 1840-44. Contains, besides the editor's learned introduction, a roll of 1 1 80, a fragment of the roll of 1184, two rolls of 1 195 and 1198, and detached membranes of the years 1201-3 ; reprinted in Memoires de la Societe des Antiquaires de Normandie, vols, xv.-xvi., Paris, 1845-52. N orthumberland. 1927. The pipe rolls for Northumberland [1273-84], in continu- ation of the series printed in Hodgson's history of the county (No. 1042), with a translation and notes, ed. William Dickson. 3 pts. Newcastle, 1854-60. Staffordshire. 1928. The Staffordshire pipe rolls [11 30-1 2 16], the Latin text extended and notes added, ed. R. W. Eyton. Wm. Salt Archceol. Soc, Collections, i. 1-143, ii. 1-177. Birmingham, [1881-82]. § 50] The Exchequer and Revenue 331 Wiltshire. 1929. Wiltshire pipe rolls, temp. Henrici II., a.d. i 159 ad 1179, ed. Thomas Phillipps. [Middle Hill Press], 1853. pp. 61. Zincographed facsimile. d. EXPENDITURE AND RECEIPT ROLLS. These rolls include : — 1. Pells of issue and receipt ('pelles exitus,' 'pelles introitus'), journals of daily receipts and expenditures without distinction of counties, made up by the clerk of the pells in the pells' office, a part of the lower exchequer. The pells' issue rolls contain entries of pay- ments made out of the crown revenues by the exchequer officials. They extend from 6 Henry III. to 19 Edward IV., and from 9 Eliza- beth to 1797 ; in 1797 the form of the record was changed from rolls to books. The pells' receipt rolls record revenues paid into the ex- chequer, 14 John-22 George III. ; from 1782 onward the entries are in receipt books. Abstracts of both kinds of pells for various reigns will be found in Ramsay's papers in the Antiquary (No. 2960). The auditors' issue and receipt rolls contain matter similar to that which is entered in the pells ; the one series of rolls served as a check on the other. 2. Receipt rolls, which seem to have been in use from the time of Henry II. to that of Henry III. Like the pells, they were made up in the lower exchequer ; but they were term rolls (not journals of daily accounts), with the entries arranged under counties, and in this respect they resemble the pipe rolls. A portion of a single roll (No. 1934) has survived. 3. Liberate rolls, 2 John- 14 Henry VI., which contain writs issued by the chancery directing exchequer officers to ' deliver ' or pay out of the treasury sums of money for salaries and other expenses of the crown. 4. Pr^estita rolls, John-James I., in which are entered payments made from the treasury to royal officers and others by way of imprest, advance, or accommodation, and charged to the account of the persons receiving them. 5. Mis£e rolls, only two of which are extant, namely those of 1 1 and 14 John (Nos. 1930, 1935). They contain an account of the daily expenses of the king's court, and are closely related to the wardrobe accounts (§ 50 e). Various Irish receipt rolls and treasurers' accounts of Edward I.'s reign are printed in the Calendar of Documents relating to Ireland (No. 2127). 332 A.D. 1 066-148 5 : Original Sources [paht iv 1930. Documents illustrative of English history in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, from the records of the queen's remem- brancer, ed. Henry Cole. Record Com. London, 1844 [printed 1835]- Rotulus misae, 14 John, 231-69. | Rotulus de prsestito, 7 John, 270-76. 1931. Extracts from the liberate rolls relative to [the repayment of] loans supplied by ItaHan merchants to the kings of England in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, with an introductory memoir by E. A. Bond, ed. C. G. Young. Soc. of Antiq. of Lo?idon, Arch^o- logia, xxviii. 207-326. London, 1840, 1932. Issue roll of Thomas de Brantingham, treasurer of England, 44 Edward III., a.d. 1370. Translated by Frederick Devon. London, 1835. Translation only. 1933. Issues of the exchequer [extracts, 10 Henry III.-39 Henry VI. ; with an appendix, i Edward IV.-45 Elizabeth], Translated by Frederick Devon. London, 1837. Translation only. The extracts 10-26 Henry III. are from the liberate rolls. Devon also translated extracts from later issue rolls : Issues of the Exchequer during the Reign of James I., London, 1836. These two volumes and No. 1932 were published under the direction of the comptroller of the receipt of the exchequer. 1934. Receipt roll of the exchequer for Michaelmas term, 1185 : a fragment of a unique record, reproduced in thirty-one plates. Tran- scribed, extended, and edited by the class in palseography of the London school of economics and political science, with a preface by Hubert Hall. London, 1899. This was apparently one of a series of receipt rolls made up in the lower exchequer twice a year, at the Easter and Michaelmas sessions ; of this series only fragments are now extant. The roll of 1 185 seems to have recorded all sums received at the lower exchequer, while the pipe rolls recorded ' only such as were paid on account or were connected with a permanent liability.' Single payments made in full, such as fines and amercements, were usually entered in the receipt roll. 1935. RotuH de liberate ac de misis et prjestitis regnante Johanne, ed. T. D. Hardy. Record Coni. London, 1844. Contains liberate rolls, 2, 3, 5 John, the misK roll of li John, and the prsestita roll of 12 John. § 50] The Exchequer and Revenue 333 e. WARDROBE AND HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTS, ETC. ' The King's Wardrobe, subsequently subdivided into a Great Wardrobe, a Wardrobe of the Household, and a Privy Wardrobe, was anciently one of the Royal Treasuries into which certain portions of the revenues of the Crown were paid, and from which disbursements were made, as well for military and naval as for civil and domestic expenses.' Prominent among these disbursements were the ordinary expenses of the royal family. The treasurer of the king's wardrobe also kept the king's money, jewels, and private receipts, which were entered in a roll, while another roll contained the daily expenses of the royal household. Besides the three principal royal wardrobes, there were also several minor ones. The wardrobe accounts extend from John to 56 George III. The most valuable in print is the Liber Quotidianus of 28 Edward I. (No. 1940 a). A wardrobe account of 10-13 Edward I. is appended to Henry Ellis's edition of John of Oxenedes, Rolls Series, 1859, pp. 326-36. See also the misae rolls (Nos. 1930, 1935), which are closely related to the wardrobe accounts. For household books of nobles and prelates, see § 58 d. 1936. Accounts of the expenses of the great wardrobe of Ed- ward HI., 1344-49, ed. N. H. Nicolas. Soc. of Antiq. of London, Archaeologia, xxxi. 5-103. London, 1846. 1937. Collection of ordinances and regulations for the govern- ment of the royal household, Edward Hl.-William and Mary. Soc. of Antiq. of London. London, 1790. Regulations of 21 Edward III., 33 Henry VI., Liber Niger Domus Regis (Edward IV.), etc. : a valuable collection. For earlier household regulations, see the Black Book of the Exchequer and the Red Book (Nos. 1916-17) ; and Hubert Hall's Court Life under the Plantagenets, 242-9. 1938. Copy of a roll of purchases made for the tournament of Windsor park, 6 Edward L, ed. Samuel Lysons. Soc. of Antiq. of London, Archaeologia, xvii. 297-310. London, 18 14. 1939. Extracts from the Rotulus familige, 18 Edward L, ed. Samuel Lysons. Ibid., xv. 350-62. London, 1806. This roll contains the daily expenses of the royal family for seventeen weeks. 1940. Inventory of crown jewels [in the king's wardrobe], 3 Ed- ward III., ed. Craven Ord. Ibid., x. 241-60. London, 1792. There is another inventory of jewels in Cole's Documents (No. 1930), 277-84 : ' De jocalibus a thesauro garderobK surreptis,' 31 Edward I. 334 ^•^- 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv 1940 a. Liber quotidianus contrarotulatoris garderobse, 28 Ed- ward I., A.D. 1 299-1300. Soc. of Antiq. of London. London, 1787. Contains receipts and payments of the wardrobe ; preceded by John Topham's observations regarding the record. This valuable day-book of the comptroller of the wardrobe is preserved in the libraiy of the Society of Antiquaries. 1941. Life-records of Chaucer. Pt. ii. : Edward IL's household and wardrobe ordinances, a.d. 1323. Englisht by Francis Tate in 1 601, and edited, with extracts from Edward IV.'s household book, by F. J. Furnivall. Chaucer Soc. London, 1876. pp. 93. 1942. Privy purse expenses of Elizabeth of York, [and] wardrobe accounts of Edward IV., ed. N. H. Nicolas. London, 1830. Wardrobe accounts of A.D. 1480 (English text), 112-70. 1943. Proceedings of his majesty's commissioners on the public records, 1832-33, ed. C. P. Cooper. London, 1833. Excerpts from the wardrobe accounts of 18 Edward II., 173-80. 1944. Roll of expenses of Edward I. in Wales [a.d. 1281-82]. Edited by Samuel Lysons, with a translation by John Brand. Soc. of Antiq. of London^ Archseologia, xvi. 32-79. London, 181 2. 1945. Stapleton, Thomas. A brief summary of the wardrobe accounts of 10, 11, 14 Edward II. Ibid., xxvi. 318-45. London, 1836. f. TAXATION OR SUBSIDY ROLLS. These rolls begin in Henry III.'s reign, and relate to carucages, scutages, feudal aids, tallages, poll-taxes, tenths, fifteenths, and other fractions of moveables, etc. They are particularly valuable for genealogical purposes, especially the rolls of 23 Edward I., i and 6 Edward III. (taxes on moveables), and the poll-tax rolls of 51 Edward III. and 2 and 4 Richard II. The tax on moveables was introduced by Henry II. in 1188, and became prominent in the thirteenth century ; fragmentary rolls, temp. Hen. III., for Bedford- shire, Cambridgeshire, Essex, Kent, Lancashire, and Wilts are in the Public Record Office, but the earliest in print belong to the time of Edward I. The scutage rolls, 16 John-20 Edward III. (Nos. 1946-7) as a rule give the names of persons who were exempted from the payment of scutage because they had performed their military service or had compounded for the same by paying a fine. Scutage and feudal aids (Nos. 1947, 195 1, etc.) were levied on knights' fees. The Book of Aids is a MS. volume in the Public Record Office which § 50] The Exchequer and Revenue 335 gives details regarding an aid for the knighting of the Black Prince, 20 Edward III., and regarding another aid for the marriage of the king's eldest daughter, 3 Henry IV., together with a description of the knights' fees on which these aids were imposed: see Nos. 871, 996, 195 1, 1955, 1 96 1, 2157. For aids, see also § 55. The poll-tax rolls (Nos. 1949-50, 1963-4, 1966, 1969, 1973, 1981) begin in 51 Edward III. See F. G. Davenport, List of Materials for Manorial History (Boston, 1894), 32, for some printed subsidies not mentioned below ; Palgrave's Parliamentary Writs (No. 2004), especially vol. ii. pt. ii., and the Red Book of the Exchequer (No. 191 7), for documents relating to scuta'ge ; Rotuli Parliamentorum (No. 2010), i. 228-65, for valuable rolls of a seventh and fifteenth levied in Colchester, 24 and 29 Edward I. ; the new History of Northumberland (No. 1041), for extracts from the roll of a tenth in 1296. On the old land-tax, or Danegeld, see § 50 a ; on clerical subsidies, § 56 ^. General. 1946. Bird, S. R. [Scargill]. The scutage and marshal's rolls. Genea/ogt'sf, new series, i. 65-76. London, 1884. Contains lists of these rolls (also printed in his Guide to the Public Records, 2nd edition, 23-24), and the scutage roll of 6 Henry HI. in full. 1947. Inventory or calendar of accounts, assessments, etc. [4 Henry III.-38 Henry VIII.]. Deputy Keeper's Reports, ii. app. ii. 136-89, iii. app. ii. 3-104. London, 1841-42. A calendar of tenths, fifteenths, etc., aids, tallages, reliefs, and the like. Continued to 27 Elizabeth, ibid., 1843-44, reports iv.-v. 1948. *Nonarum inquisitiones temp, regis Edwardi III. Record Com. [London], 1807. The record of a subsidy of a ninth of corn, wool, and lambs in every rural parish, a ninth of moveables in boroughs, and a fifteenth of the moveables of foreign merchants. These nonas rolls of 14- 15 Edward HI. also specify the value of every benefice, and state how far it exceeded or fell short of the valuation of Pope Nicholas in 1292 (No. 221 1); the ninth of corn, wool, and lambs in 1340 was considered worth as much as the tenth of those articles in 1292. All these rolls of 14-15 Edward HI. have not yet been printed. 1949. Subsidy roll of 51 Edward III., ed. John Topham. Sac, of Antiq. of London, Archseologia, vii. 337-47. London, 1785. Contains, besides the poll-tax of 51 Edward HI., a tenth and fifteenth, 47 Edward HI. ; but these records give only the total sums of money levied in various counties and boroughs. 336 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [paet iv Cornwall. For extracts from the subsidy roll of i Edward III., see Maclean, Tricro- Minor (No. 866), under the names of the various parishes. 1950. Maclean, John. Poll-tax account for Cornwall, 51 Edw. III., 1377, with remarks. Royal Institution of Cornwall, Journal, iv. 27-41. Truro, [1872]. Gloucestershire. Extracts from subsidy rolls, especially from the roll of I Edward III., will be found, under the names of the various parishes, in Ralph Bigland's Historical Collections relative to the County of Gloucester, 2 vols., 1786-92. 1951. Aid (The) levied in Gloucestershire in 20 Edward III. [to knight the Black Prince], ed. John Maclean. Bristol and Glouc. ArcJuEol. Soc, Trans., x. 278-92. Bristol, [1886]. Taken from the Book of Aids. 1952. Gloucestershire subsidy roll, i Edward III., 1327. [Middle Hill Press, n.d.] pp. 28. A twentieth of moveables. 1953. The tallage of 6 Edward II., Dec. 16, 131 2, and the Bristol rebellion, ed. E. A. Fuller. Bristol and Glouc. Archaol. Soc, Trans., xix. 171-278. Bristol, [1895]. Two subsidy rolls, as far as they relate to Bristol, are here printed. One of them records the levy of a fifteenth of moveables and a tenth of rents, 6 Ed- ward II. ; the other, a twentieth of moveables, I Edward III. Hampshire. 1954. Taxation of the tenth and fifteenth in Hampshire in 1334. Collectafiea Topog. et Genealogica (No. 820), i. 175-83. London, 1834. Kent. For extracts from the subsidy roll of i Edward III., relating to Blackheath hundred, see H. H. Drake's edition of Hasted's History of Kent (London, 1886), pt. i. p. 286. § 50] The Exchequer and Revenue 337 1955. Assessments in Kent for the aid to knight the Black Prince, 20 Edward III., ed. James Greenstreet. Kent ArchaoL Soc, Archaeologia Cantiana, x. 99-162. London, 1876. Taken from the Book of Aids. Lancashire. 1956. Exchequer lay subsidy roll of the county of Lancaster, 1332 [a tenth and fifteenth], ed. J. P. Rylands. Record Soc. for Lane, and C/iesk., Miscellanies, vol. ii. [London], 1896. 1957. Lancashire lay subsidies : an examination of the lay subsidy rolls, Henry Ill.-Charles IL, ed. J- A. C. Vincent. Vol. i., 1216-1307. Record Soc. for Lane, and Chesh. [London], 1893. Contains some valuable documents relating to taxes on moveables, scutages, and tallages, Leicestershire. For the aid of 20 Edward IIL, see Nichols, History of the County of Leicester (No. 996), vol. i. pp. ciii.-cx. 1958. Earliest Leicestershire lay subsidy roll, 1327 [a twentieth], ed. W. G. D. Fletcher. Associated Archit. Societies, Reports and Papers, xix. 209-312, xx. 131-78. Lincoln, [1888-89]. London and Middlesex, 1959. [Lay subsidy, London, 1411-12], ed. J. C. L. Stahlschmidt. Royal Archceol. Institute of Great Britain, Archaeol. Journal, xliv. 56-82. London, 1887. Half a mark on ever}' 20/. annual value of lands and rents. Norfolk. For subsidy rolls of i, 6, 18 Edward HL and 8 Edward IV., as far as they relate to the hundred of North Erpingham, see Walter Rye, Rough Materials (No. 2540), pt. ii. pp. 403-31. i960. Assessment of Norfolk for tenths and fifteenths in 1334, with the deductions made in 1449 [ed. William Hudson]. Norfolk atid Nonvich Archceol. Soc, Norfolk Archaeology, xii. 263-97. Norwich, 1895. 338 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv 1961. Extracts from Liber niger, and the account of the aid taken 20 Edward III., ed. J. R. Daniel Tyssen. Norfolk Anttq. Miscellany, i. 1-106. Norwich, 1877. Contains the 'cartae'of 1166, extracted from the Little Black Book of the Exchequer (above, § 50 15) ; and the aid 20 Edward III. to knight the Black Prince, taken from the Book of Aids. 1962. Subsidy roll in the possession of Lynn Regis [a fifteenth, circa 3 Edward I.], ed. G. H. Dashwood. Norfolk and Norwich Archceol. Soc, Norfolk Archaeology, i. 334-54. Norwich, 1847. Contains the record of the levy as far as it relates to Lynn. Oxfordshire. 1963. Oxford city documents, 1 268-1665, ^^- J- E. T. Rogers. Oxford Hist. Soc. Oxford, 1891. Poll-tax of Oxford (1380-81), 1-45. | Other taxes of the 14th century, 4S-54. Shropshire. 1964. The poll-tax for the town and liberties of Shrewsbury, 1380, ed. W. G. D. Fletcher. Shropsh. Archceol. and Nat. Hist. Soc, Trans., 2nd series, ii. 17-28. Shrewsbury, etc., [1890]. 1965. The Shropshire lay subsidy roll of 1327 [a twentieth], ed. W. G. D. Fletcher. Ibid., i. 129-200, iv. 287-338, v. 343-62, viii. 44-60, X. 113-44, xi. 347-90. Shrewsbury, etc., [1889-99]. Somerset. 1966. A Bath poll-tax, 2 Richard II., ed. Emanuel Green. Bath Nat. Hist, and Antiq. Field Club, Proceedings, vi. 294-315. Bath, 1889. — Bath lay subsidies, Henry IV.-Henry VIII., ed. Emanuel Green. Ibid., vi. 379-411. Bath, 1889. 1967. Exchequer lay subsidies : tax roll [of a twentieth] for Somerset, i Edward III., ed. F. H. Dickinson. Somerset Record Soc, iii. 79-284. [London], 1889. Staffordshire. 1968. Exchequer subsidy roll of a.d. 1327 [a twentieth], ed. George Wrottesley. Wm. Salt Archceol. Soc, Collections, vii. 193- 225. London, [1886]. § 50] Tpie Exchequer and Revenue 339 1969. Poll-tax of A. D. 1379-81 for the hundreds of Offlow and Cuttlestone, ed. W. [K.] Boyd. Ibid., xvii, 155-205. London, 1896. 1970. Subsidy roll of 6 Edward III., 1332-33 [a tenth and fifteenth], ed. George Wrottesley. Ibid., x. 79-132. London, [1890]. Suffolk. 1971. Great Domesday book of Ipswich, Hber sextus, ed. C. H. E. White. Ipswich, 1885. pp. 36. Tax roll of Suffolk, 32 Henry VI., 7-24. 1972. Suffolk subsidy roll, i Edward III., hundred of Lackford [a twentieth]. East Anglian, new series, v. 51-54, 87-90, 135-7, 169-71. London, etc., 1893. 1973. Transcripts of all the poll-tax lists [1381] which remain in the record ofifiice for the hundreds of Thingo and Lackford, ed. Edgar Powell. Royal Hist. Soc, Trans., new series, viii. 227-49. London, 1894. These, with other poll-tax lists of Suffolk, are also printed in Powell's Rising in 1381 (No. 2868). Sussex. 1974. Roll of a subsidy levied 13 Henry IV., 1411-12, so far as relates to Sussex. Translated by T. H. Noyes. Sussex AvcIkboI. Soc, Collections, x. 129-46. London, 1858. Contains the translation of the record of a levy of 6j'. ?>d. on every 20/. annual value of lands and rents. 1975. Subsidy roll of the rape of Lewes in 1296 [an eleventh], ed. W. H. Blaauw. Ibid., ii. 288-306. London, 1849. Wiltshire. 1976. Wiltes. Rotulus Hildebrandi de London' et Johannis de Harnham taxatorum et collectorum quintedecime et decime. [Middle Hill Press, n. d.] pp. 45. Levied 7 Edward HI. Worcestershire. 1977. Lay subsidy roll for the county of Worcester, circa 1280, ed. J. W. Willis-Bund and John Amphlett. Worcestersh. Hist. Soc. Oxford, 1893. Owing to the mutilated condition of the roll the nature of the lax is not stated. z 2 340 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [pabt iv 1978. Lay subsidy roll for the county of Worcester, Edward I. [a twentieth, i Edward III.], ed. F. J. Eld. Worcestersh. Hist. Soc. Oxford, 1895. 1979. Lay subsidy roll, 1332-33 [a tenth and fifteenth], and nonarum inquisitiones, 1340, for the county of Worcester, ed. John Amphlett. Worcestersh. Hist. Soc. Oxford, 1899. pp. 66. Yorkshire. Kirkby's Quest for Yorkshire (No. 2 191), 277-95, contains the record of the aid to marry the king's eldest daughter, 31 Edward L, relating to part of the West Riding. 1980. Honor and forest of Pickering, ed. R. B. Turton. North Riding Record Soc, Records, new series, vol. iv. London, 1897. A twentieth, i Edward III., a tenth and fifteenth, 6 Edward III., 131-62. 1981. Rotuli coUectorum subsidii regi a laicis anno secundo concessi in Westrythyngo [poll-tax, 2 Richard IL]. Yorksh. Archceol. and Topog. Assoc, Journal, v. 1-5 1, 241-66, 417-32; vi. 1-44, 129-71, 2S7-342 ; vii. 6-31, 145-93; ix. 129-62. London, 1879-86. 1982. Two subsidy rolls of Skyrack [a twentieth, i Edward IIL, a tenth and fifteenth, circa 10 Edward IIL], ed. John Stansfeld. Tlioresby Soc, Miscellanea, i. 85-97. Leeds, 1S91. 1983. Yorkshire lay subsidy, being a ninth collected in 25 Edward I., 1297, ed. William Brown. Yorksh. Archceol. Soc, Record Series, vol. xvi. [London], 1894. 1984. Yorkshire lay subsidy, being a fifteenth collected 30 Ed- ward I., 1 301, ed. William Brown. Ibid., vol. xxi. [Leeds], 1897. g. MEMORANDA, ORIGINALIA, AND FINE ROLLS. The memoranda rolls, 10 Richard I.- 1848, comprise two distinct series, those of the king's remembrancer and those of the treasurer's remembrancer. These ' memoratores ' prepared the business which was to come before the barons of the exchequer, and called the attention of the latter to important matters concerning the revenue. Their rolls contain valuable memoranda relating to a great variety of matters, many of which are also recorded in other rolls, such as proceedings for the recovery of debts due to the crown, returns of § 50] The Exchequer and Revenue 341 commissions of inquiry, charters and letters patent, sheriffs' accounts, etc. Prior to i Henry III. there are only two memoranda rolls, 10 Richard I.-i John and 12 John. The duties of the remembrancers are fully set forth in Hubert Hall's edition of the Red Book of the Exchequer, 863-87. The treasurer's remembrancer also had charge of the originalia rolls, Henry in.-i837 (No. 1992), in which are entered the estreats transmitted from the chancery to the exchequer in order to inform the latter regarding the chancery transactions which affected the revenue in any way. These estreats comprise 'all manner of charters, commissions, letters patent, and letters close, whereby farms, rents, and accounts may be rendered at the exchequer ; and likewise the homages and fealties of all those who shall have performed them to the king the same year and ought to render a relief to him ; and all manner of fines made durmg the same time in the chancery' : Hall's Red Book, 879. Oblate or fine rolls, i John-23 Charles I. (No. 1990), are records of chancery in which are entered payments made to the king, by way of oblation, for the granting of any favour or privilege, together with some fines or amercements imposed for neglect of duty or for the commission of offences. They also contain memoranda of homages, reliefs, aids, and scutages, commissions for collecting taxes, and notices of other fiscal matters. At first they were called oblate or fine rolls, but after the reign of John the first of these appellations fell into disuse. On the importance of fines as a source of royal revenue, see Madox, History of the Exchequer (No. 2959), chs. xi.- xiii. 1985. A classified schedule and inventory of the [Irish] memoranda rolls, 6 Edward I.-50 George III. Irish Record Com- missioners, Eighth Report, 522-58. [London, 181 9.] See also ibid. , 622-6 : James Hardiman's report on these rolls. 1986. Extracts from the memoranda rolls : the negotiations pre- ceding the Confirmatio cartarum, 1297. Royal Hist. Soc, Trans., new series, iii. 281-91. London, 1886. 1987. tindex locorum et rerum to the memoranda of the exchequer, Henry III.-1831. Printed by the benchers of the Inner Temple. London, [1831]. This title is given in Flaherty's Annals of England (No. 41), p. 591, but no such index seems ever to have been printed. 342 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv 1988. Jones, Edward. Index to records called the originalia [Henry VIII.-Anne] and memoranda of the lord-treasurer's re- membrancer's side of the exchequer [Henry I H. -George 11.]. 2 vols. London, 1793-95- 1989. Proceedings of his majesty's commissioners on the public records, 1832-33, ed. C. P. Cooper. Record Com. London, 1833. Memoranda roll of 3 Henry III. (king's remembrancer's office), 287-97, 382- 92, 455-80- Extracts from ' memoranda in scaccario de tempore regis Edwardi Primi ' are appended to vol. i. of the Year Books, London, 1678, pp. I-43 ; there are also many extracts from the memoranda rolls in Madox's History of the Exchequer (No. 2959). 1990. Rotuli de oblatis [i, 2, 3 John] et finibus [6, 7, 9, 15-18 John], ed. T. D. Hardy. Record Com. [London], 1835. — Excerpta e rotulis finium, a. d. 1216-72, ed. Charles Roberts. Record Com. 2 vols. [London], 1835-36. See also Extracts from the Fine Rolls for Staffordshire, 1307-27, translated by George Wrottesley, in Collections of the Wm. Salt Archa;ological Society, 1S88, ix. 119-32. 1991. Rotuli selecti ad res Anglicas et Hibernicas spectantes, ed. Joseph Hunter. Record Com. [London], 1834. Two rolls containing copies of grants of annuities, etc., Henry V.-Henry VI., taken from the memoranda of the Irish exchequer, 63-95. 1992. Rotulorum originalium in curia scaccarii abbreviatio. Record Co7?i. 2 vols. [London], 1S05-10. An abstract of the originalia, 20 Henry III.-51 Edward III. h. MISCELLANEOUS: MINISTERS' ACCOUNTS, ETC. The ministers' accounts, Henry Hl.-Charles IL, were the original accounts of bailiffs, reeves, farmers, receivers, and other ministers, or officers, appointed to collect the issues of royal manors and lands, in various parts of England, Ireland, and Wales, which were not included in the yearly farms of the sheriffs. These accounts were at first entered in the pipe rolls, but, seemingly from the time of Edward I. onward, in a distinct series of rolls called foreign accounts (i.e. foreign to the business of the sheriffs), which may be regarded as a digest of the detailed ministers' accounts. The latter include many surveys and rentals giving valuable particulars regard- ing social and manorial life ; also accounts of the English possessions § 50] The Exchequer and Revenue 345 of the knights templars in England, drawn up in the time of Edward II. For Islip's valuable tract concerning purveyance in the time of Edward III., see No. 1S02. 1993. Copy of an indenture made in 1469 between Edward IV. and William, Lord Hastings, master of the mint, respecting the regulation of the coinage. Soc. of Antiq. of Londoti, Archseologia, XV. 164-78. London, 1806. Some valuable documents of the reigns of Henry IH. and Edward I. con- cerning the mint, and a fourteenth-century tract on the same subject, will be found in Hubert Hall's edition of the Red Book (No. 1917), 979-1010, 1072-81. 1994. Duchy of Lancaster : inventory of accounts of ministers and receivers, Edward I. -George III. Deputy Keeper's Reports^ xlv. app. i. 1-152. London, 18S5. These accounts, to I Henry VH., are also included in the printed Record Office list (No. 1997). 1995. Honor and forest of Pickering, ed. R. B. Turton, North Riditig Record Soc, Records, new series, vol. iv. London, 1897. Ministers' accounts, 15-20 Edward H., 195-270: Latin text with a transla- tion. See also ibid. , 1895, "■ 1327: ministers' accounts, a.d. 1313-14. 1996. Prynne, William. Aurum reginae, or a compendious tractate and chronological collection of records concerning the queen-gold. London, 1668. — Appendix, 1668. 1997. Public record office. Lists and indexes, nos. v., viii. : List of original ministers' accounts [to i Henry VII.]. Rolls Series. 2 pts. London, 1894-97. Pt. ii. Appendix and index. 1998. Roberts, R. A. Cymru fu : some contemporary state- ments. Soc. of Cymmrodorion, Trans., 1895-96, pp. 87-137. London, 1897. Deals with ministers' accounts relating to Wales, and prints those of 6-8 Edward I. relating to Cardiganshire. See also No. 2656. 1999. Yorkshire deodands in the reigns of Edward II. and [Edward] III. Yorksh.ArcJusol. Soc.,]oMxx\.^,y.\.\()^-2\o. Leeds^ 1900. Taken from the miscellaneous records of the queen's remembrancer. 344 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv § 51. PRIVY COUNCIL, PARLIAMENT, AND LEGISLATION. a. Writs, Petitions, and Proceedings, Nos. 2000-2011. b. Legislative Acts, Nos. 2012-27. c. Modus Tenendi Parliamentum, Nos. 2028-31. For the modern literature relating to the privy council, parliament, etc., see §§ 18, 64, 65. The Peers' Reports (No. 2944) contain im- portant documents concerning parliamentary history, and the lists of members of parliament (No. 2945) are helpful to the historical investigator. a. WRITS, PETITIONS, AND PROCEEDINGS. The principal classes of records falling under this head are : — 1. Writs for the election of members of the house of commons, with the returns thereto, 3 Edward I.-Victoria ; and writs summon- ing peers to parliament, enrolled on the dorse of the close rolls until Henry VIII. 's reign. The chief collections are those of Dugdale, Palgrave, Prynne, and the Peers' Reports (Nos. 2003-4, 2006, 2944). For Ireland, see Lynch's treatise (No. 3013). 2. Original petitions, Edward I.-Henry VII., comprising peti- tions to the king, the council, parliament, the chancellor in his executive capacity, and to other officers of state. Many of the petitions to parliament, with the answers thereto, are printed in the Rotuli Parliamentorum (No. 2010) ; see also North Riding Record Soc, Records, new series, 1896, iii. 229-59 ; and Nos. 2002, 2007-11, 2569. 3. The rolls of parliament (Nos. 2002, 2008, 2010-11), in which from 33 Edward I. to i Richard III. are entered the transactions of parliament, with various petitions or bills. The statutes, which used to be enrolled on the statute rolls, are entered in the rolls of parlia- ment since i Richard III., side by side with the proceedings ; but in the sixteenth century the journals of the two houses become the ordinary minute-books of transactions, and from the seventeenth century onward the parliament rolls consist of legislative acts only. The Vetus Codex, or Black Book of the Tower, contains ancient transcripts of parliament rolls, 18-35 Edward I. and 12 Edward II.; it was printed by Ryley in 1661 (No. 201 1). 4. The proceedings, or acts, of the privy council (Nos. 2005, 2009). Much information concerning the business transacted by this body in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries may be gleaned § 51] Privy Council, Parliament, Legislation 345 from the patent, close, and coram rege rolls. Formal minutes of its transactions do not seem to have been kept before the reign of Richard II., when the separation of the council from parliament was completed. ISIany of the records (originals and transcripts), 1386- 146 1, together with the register of 1545-46, are preserved in the British Museum. The later proceedings, 1540-Victoria, are in the Privy Council Office. Some pleadings before the king's council in the thirteenth century are included in the Abbreviatio Placitorum (No. 2041); and Fortescue's Governance (No. 1873) is valuable for the study of the council in the fifteenth century. 2000. Cotton, Robert. An exact abridgement of the records in the Tower of London, Edward II.-Richard III., of all the parlia- ments. Revised by William Prynne. London, 1657; reprinted, 1689. Contains abstracts of the rolls of parliaments. 2001. De concilio Hibernire per magnates totius illius insulee. Irish ArchcRol. Soc, Miscellany, i. 15-33. Dublin, 1846. The earliest extant record of an Irish parliament ; the session was held in some year between 1289 and 1303. The Latin text, which is here printed, is translated in Betham's Dignities (No. 2923), 262-71. 2002. Documents illustrative of English history in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, ed. Henry Cole. Record Com. London, 1844 [printed, 1835]. Rotulus parliamenti, 12 Edw. II., 1-54. Petitiones in parliamento, 18 Edw. I., 55-82. Placita parliamentaria, 35 Edw. I., 129-38. Parliamentary writs of summons, 28 Edw. L, 333-40. 2003. DuGDALE, William. A perfect copy of all summons of the nobility to the great councils and parliaments of the realm [49 Henry III.-i James II.]. London, 1685. This valuable work seems to have been reprinted in 1794, with the date 1685 on the title-page. 2004. *Parliamentary writs and writs of military summons [Edward I. -Edward II.], ed. Francis Palgrave. Record Co7n. 2 vols, in 4. London, 1827-34. Contains writs summoning peers to parliament, writs and returns for the election of members of the house of commons, writs for levying expenses of representatives of the commons, and writs and other documents relating to mili- tary service. It is an elaborate collection of records, of great value for the study of parliamentary history. Palgrave intended that these ponderous volumes should 346 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [paet iv be a mere introduction to many others : ' he looked down long vistas of imperial folios.' See C. P. Cooper, Account of the Public Records, 1832, ii. 33-88 ; and his Observations . . . on the Parliamentary Writs edited by F. Palgrave, London, 1S32. 2005. *Proceedings and ordinances of the privy council of Eng- land [i 386-1 542], ed. [N.] Harris Nicolas. Record Com. 7 vols. [London], 1834-37. — New series : Acts of the privy council, ed. J. R. Dasent. Vols, i.-xix. [1542-90]. Rolls Series. London, 1890-99. The most valuable source for the study of this institution. Vols, i.-vi. of the first series comprise records preserved in the British Museum. 2006. Prynne, William. A brief register, kalendar, and survey of the several kinds of all parliamentary %\Tits. 4 pts. London, 1659-64. Contains much valuable material, especially writs for great councils, parlia- ments, etc., A.D. 1203-1483, and writs of expenses of knights, citizens, and bur- gesses, with returns to writs, etc., Edward I. -Edward IV. The third part has a separate title : Bre\na Parliamentaria Rediviva, 1662. 2007. Public record office. Lists and indexes, no. i. : Index of ancient petitions of the chancery and the exchequer preserved in the public record office. Rolls Series. London, 1892. An index of the names of persons and places mentioned in about 16,500 petitions addressed to the king, the council, parliament, the chancellor in his executive capacity, and to other officers of state, Edward I.-Henry VII. See also Index to the Petitions to the King in Council, in Deputy Keeper's Reports, 1873, xxxiv. 1-162. 2008. *Records of the parliament at Westminster in 1305, ed. F. W. Maitland. [Half-title : Memoranda de parliamento.] Rolls Series. London, 1893. The best edited of all the printed parliament rolls. Contains, besides the roll of 1305, thirteen original petitions and a valuable introduction, which throws light on the history of parliament and the prix'j' council and on the nature of the petitions. 2009. Roll of the proceedings of the king's council in Ireland, 1392-93 [with a translation], ed. James Graves. Rolls Series. London, 1877. The MS., the text of which is mainly in French, is preserved among the muniments of the marquis of Ormonde. The greater part of the record is made up of petitions presented to the council, with the answers thereto. On pp. Iv.-lxxiv. is a translation of the ordinances of a great council of Ireland, 1455. The appendix contains various documents, including a calendar of Irish close rolls, 16 Richard II. § 51] Privy Council, Parliament, Legislation 347 2010. *Rotuli parliamentorum ; ut et petitiones et placita in parliamento [i 278-1503]. 6 vols, n.p., n.d. — Index, 1832. The most valuable collection of material relating to the historj' of parliament. It was printed in accordance with an order of the house of lords, dated March 9, 1767. In 1777 the six volumes were to be 'ready to be delivered to the lords' ' in a very short time ' : Lords' Journals, xxxv. 236. The official copy of the work formerly in the old record office in the Tower has a MS. inscription stating that the same was presented in 1783 by the king's command. The text of this edition is inaccurate, having been printed from transcripts which were not collated with the originals. The appendixes contain many petitions and extracts from letters patent and close. For rolls not included in these six volumes, see Nos. 2002, 2008. The elaborate Index to the Rolls of Parliament, 1832, was edited by John Strachey, John Pridden, and Edward Upham, by order of a committee of the lords. 201 1. Ryley, William. Placita parliamentaria [Edward I.- Edward II.]. London, 1661. Contains rolls of parliament ; with an appendix comprising extracts from patent and close rolls, Edward I. -Edward II., and petitions in parliament, Edward I. -Henry VI. This collection has been superseded by the Rotuli Par- liamentorum (No. 2010). b. LEGISLATIVE ACTS. Apart from the Leges, or private compilations, of the twelfth century examined in § 36 b, the principal legislative acts of the period 1066-1485 are : — I. Two small collections of William the Conqueror's laws. One / of these comprises three enactments regarding the use of the duel and the ordeal in criminal accusations in which Normans and Englishmen were concerned ; Latin and Anglo-Saxon versions are printed in Schmid's Gesetze der Angelsachsen, 352-3, and Thorpe's Ancient Laws, i. 488-9 ; cf. Freeman, Norman Conquest, vol. v. app. LL, and below. No. 2016. The other collection (often called / , Articuli Willelmi, or, from the opening words. Hie Intimatur) contains . ten Latin enactments regarding the oath of fealty, murder fines, punishments, etc. ; printed in Stubbs's Select Charters, 83-85, and in his edition of Hoveden, vol. ii. pp. ci.-cii., 216-18. This seems to be a private compilation put together early in the twelfth century and containing an epitome of ordinances made by the Conqueror at different times. There is also a much longer version, with various interpolations by a later hand, perhaps of Edward I.'s time : Schmid, Gesetze, 354-7 ; Thorpe, Ancient Laws, i. 490-94 ; cf. Hoveden, ed. Stubbs, vol. ii. pp. xxii.-xliii. We have also the Conqueror's 348 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv ordinance or writ separating the ecclesiastical from the temporal courts: Schmid, Gesetze, 357 ; Stubbs, Select Charters, 85. 2. The charters of liberties of Henry I., Stephen, and Henry II. : Stubbs, Select Charters, 99-102, 119-21, 135; also printed in Bemont's work and in Statutes of the Realm, 1810, i. 1-4 (Nos. 2013, 2025). On Henry I.'s charter, see E. A. Freeman, William Rufus, ii. 352-9 ; and No. 2017. 3. The order of Henry I. concerning the holding of the courts of the hundred and shire (Stubbs, Select Charters, 104); and the assizes, orders, and constitutions of Henry II. and Richard I. (ibid., 135-60, 259-64). For the assize of Clarendon, see also Palgrave, English Commonwealth, ii. 166-71 ; and for the constitutions of Clarendon, see Maitland, Henry II. and the Criminous Clerks (No. 767). 4. The Great Charter of John, the forest charter, and their various confirmations to 1301 : Stubbs, Select Charters, 290-306, 337-54, 365, 487-97; Statutes of the Realm, 1810, i. 6-44; and the works of Bemont, Blackstone, and Thomson (Nos. 2013-14, 2019). There is an elaborate commentary on the Great Charter in Coke's Second Institute (No. 649). Bemont gives an account of the literature concerning the charters of hberties. Autotypes of the articles of the barons and Magna Carta may be purchased at the British Museum. On the Confirmatio Cartarum, 1297, see No. 1986. 5. The statute rolls, records of chancery in which the statutes were entered. Only six rolls are extant, extending from 6 Edward I. to 8 Edward IV., with a gap from 8 to 23 Henry VI. This series is supplemented by ancient transcripts of statutes, John-Henry VIII., several volumes of which are preserved in the Public Record Office. The legislative acts of Henry III. are found in the patent and close rolls and in the chroniclers. From i Richard III. onward the statutes are entered in the rolls of parliament. The old printed col- lections of statutes begin with Henry III.'s confirmation of the Great Charter, 1225. The principal commentaries are Coke's Second Institute and Barrington's Observations (Nos. 649, 2020). See also John Selden's Opera Omnia, 1726, ii. 969-1030, iii. 6-46, dealing mainly with the older laws to 12 15. Reeves, in his EngHsh Law (No. 658), gives a useful abstract of the statutes. For the Welsh and Brehon laws, see § 36. Laws of William I. and Charters of Liberties. 2012. Barrington, B. C. The magna charta and other great charters of England. Philadelphia, 1900, Of little value. Contains a translation of the charters. § 51] Privy Council, Parliament, Legislation 349 2013. Bemont, Charles. Chartes des liberies anglaises, iioo- 1305. Paris, 1892. Contains the texts of the charters of Henry I., Stephen, Henr>-II., and John, the articles of the barons, the forest charter, Henry Ill's confirmation of 1225, and Edward I.'s confirmations. The introduction gives a good account of the history of the Great Charter, with the literature of the subject. Valuable. 2014. Blackstone, William. The great charter and charter of the forest, to which is prefixed the history of the charters. Oxford, 1759- Contains the articles of the barons, the Great Charter, the forest charter, and the various confirmations to the year 1300. The best of the older works on Magna Carta. 2015. Lau, Thadd^us. Die Entstehungsgeschichte der magna charta. Hamburg, 1857. 2016. LiEBERMANN, Felix. Eine anglo-normannische Ueber- setzung von Articuli Willelmi, etc. Zeitschrift filr Ro7nanische Philo- logie, xix. 77-84. Halle, 1895. This translation, which is here printed in full, was made in 1192 or 1 193. 2017. . The text of Henry I.'s coronation charter. Royal Hist. Soc, Trans., new series, viii. 21-48. London, 1894. The Latin text in fiiU, with an Anglo-French translation and notes. 2018. Round, J. H. An unknown charter of liberties. English Hist. Review, viii. 288-94. London, 1893. Round believes that this document comprises concessions made to the northern barons in 1213. Its enactments closely resemble those of the Great Charter, but it contains two clauses concerning scutage and foreign service which are not found in Magna Carta. G. W. Prothero, ibid., 1894, ix. 1 17-21, suggests that the document is a proposal for a compromise offered by John to the barons early in 1 21 5. Hubert Hall, ibid., ix. 326-35, believes that it is not an original charter, but a forgery or private compilation (circa 1216-17) based on Henry I.'s charter and Magna Carta. 2019. Thomson, Richard. An historical essay on the magna charta of King John. London, 1829. Contains the text of John's charter, with a translation ; also translations of the articles of the barons, the forest charter, and the confirmations of Henry III. and Edward I. ; with elaborate notes, based largely on Coke's Second Institute. This is one of the ' standard ' works on the Great Charter. 350 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv Statutes. For the older editions of the statutes, see the Record Commis- sion's edition (No. 2025), vol. i. introd., ch. i. § i, and app. A. 2020. [Barrington, Daines.] Observations upon the statutes from magna charta to 21 James I. London, 1766. 5th edition, 1795- 2021. Maitland, F. W. The prserogativa regis. English Hist. Review^ vi. 367-72. London, 1891. This so-called statute, dealing with the rights of the king, seems to be a tract written by some lawyer in the early part of Edward I. 's reign. 2022. Manwood, John. A brefe collection of the lawes of the forest, with an abridgement of cases in the assises of the forests of Pickering and Lancaster. [London, 1592.] See No. 683. 2023. Statute of 40 Edward IIL enacted at Kilkenny a.d. 1367, with a translation, ed. James Hardiman. Irish Archceol. Soc, Tracts relating to Ireland, vol. ii. Dublin, 1843. 2024. Statutes at large, passed in the parliaments held in Ireland, 1310-1761. Published by authority. 8 vols. Dublin, 1765. — Another edition [13 10-1800, by J, G. Butler]. Published by authority. 20 vols. Dublin, 1786-1801. — The Irish statutes: re- vised edition [omitting most of the repealed statutes]. By authority. London, 1885. Vol. viii. of the first two editions is an index. There are not many Irish statutes of the 1 4th and 1 5th centuries. An abstract of the statutes will be found in pt. vi. of Liber Munerum Publicorum Hiberniee, ed. Rowley Lascelles : an incomplete work, planned by the Irish Record Commission, printed 1822-30, and issued from the Rolls House, London, in 2 vols., 1852. There is an index to the Liber Munerum in Deputy Keeper's Reports, Ireland, 1877, ix. 21-58. 2025. ^Statutes of the realm [1235-17 13, ed. A. Luders, T. E. Tomlins, J. Raithby, and others]. Record Com. 1 1 vols. [London], 1810-28. Vols, x.-xi. are indexes. This is the most complete collection of the statutes of England to 1 7 13. §51] Privy Council, Parliament, Legislation 351 2026. The statutes : revised edition [i 235-1 878]. By authority. 18 vols. London, i87o[-85]. — The statutes : second revised edition [1235-1880]. By authority. 14 vols. London, 1888-99. — Chrono- logical table and index of the statutes [i 235-1899]. By authority. 15th edition. 2 vols. London, 1899. Published under the direction of the Statute Law Committee. The ' revised editions ' include only those statutes which are unrepealed ; but the valuable Chronological Table refers to all the old, repealed acts, and shows how they were affected by later legislation. 2027. Turner, G. J. Some thirteenth-century statutes. Law Magazine and Review, 4th series, xxi. 300-316, xxii. 240-50. London, 1896-97. See also his paper, A Newly-Discovered Ordinance (40 Henry III., forbidding tenants-in-chief to alienate fiefs without license), in Law Quarterly Review, 1896, xii. 299-301. c. MODUS TENENDI PARLIAMENTUM. This anonymous tract (No. 2030) gives an account of the composi- tion and proceedings of parliament. The author exaggerates the importance of the commons and belittles the rights of the lords. Stubbs, in his Select Charters, 502, calls it ' a somewhat ideal de- scription of the constitution of parliament in the middle of the 14th century ... a theoretical view for which the writer was anxious to find a warrant in immemorial antiquity.' The work was probably written in the last quarter of the fourteenth century. Riess, in his Wahlrecht (No. 2946), 1 10-15, ascribes it to the second half of Richard II. 's reign ; Be'mont, to the early part of that reign ; and Hardy, to the first quarter of the fourteenth century. For a popular account of this tract, see A. C. Ewald, Paper and Parchment (London, 1890), 59-70. 2028. Bemont, Charles. La date de la composition du Modus tenendi parliamentum. In Melanges Julien Havet : Recueil de Travaux dedies a la Memoire de Julien Havet, 465-80. Paris, 1895. Believes that the tract was written soon after the accession of Richard II. 2029. Hardy, T. D. On the Modus tenendi parliamentum, with special reference to the unique French version. Royal Archaol. Institute of Great Britain, Archseol. Journal, xix. 259-74. London, 1862. Contains the text of the French version. 352 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [past iv 2030. Modus tenendi parliamentum [with a translation], ed. T. D. Hardy. Record Cotn. London, 1846. pp. 47. — Reprinted in Stubbs's Select Charters, 502-13. 8th edition. Oxford, 1895. Hardy contends that it was written between 1294 and 1327. 2031. Modus tenendi parliamenta et concilia in Hibernia, ed Anthony [Dopping], bishop of Meath. Dublin, [1692]. pp. 9. New edition, 1772. A Latin tract, of uncertain date, which used to be ascribed to the reign of Henry II. § 52. THE CENTRAL COURTS. a. General, Nos. 2032-53. b. Particular Counties, etc., Nos. 2054-86. The follownng are the principal classes of records relating to the royal judicature : — I. Plea rolls of the common law courts, containing the official minutes of their proceedings. Pleas heard in the king's court (curia regis) seem to have been enrolled in the last years of Henry II.'s reign, but the earliest surviving rolls are of the year 1 1 94. In the twelfth century royal justice was administered in the curia regis with its tributary eyres or circuits; and from this central tribunal the courts of king's bench (curia coram rege) and common pleas (curia de banco) gradually emerged in the reign of John. The general eyre, which tried all kinds of suits, was gradually displaced in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries by various commissions of justices, who tried specific categories of cases (justices of gaol- delivery, of assize, of oyer and terminer, etc.). At first the various judicial records are not sharply distinguished ; criminal and civil proceedings before the central court and before the eyre are included under the general head of curia regis. As now arranged in the Public Record Office, all placita coram rege and all common pleas (placita de banco) to the accession of Edward I. are called rotuli curiae regis ; all eyre records of the same period are called assize rolls. From the time of Edward I. onward we have distinct series of records for the king's bench (coram rege rolls), common pleas (de banco rolls), eyre, gaol-delivery, etc. There are also plea rolls of the court of exchequer, 20 Henry Hl.-Victoria ; though mainly concerned with the royal revenue, this tribunal tried many actions between the king's subjects. The quo warranto proceedings (No. 2040) form a separate class of eyre rolls; and the coroners § 52] The Central Courts 353 rolls (Nos. 2047, 2073) are also closely connected with the business of the itinerant justices. For pleas in parliament and in the king's council, see § 51 and No. 2041. All the judicial records printed by the Record Commission, Pipe Roll Society, and Selden Society are valuable. 2. Feet of fines, pedes finium, or final concords (Nos. 2035, 2055-61, etc.). They are records of actions, mainly fictitious suits, brought before the curia regis, the court of common pleas, or the eyre, for the purpose of conveying land. When such a case came up for trial, the parties secured permission from the court to settle or put an end (' finis ') to the suit, and the land was adjudged to belong to the plaintiff according to a prearranged agreement made by him and the defendant. A copy or indenture of the judgment was given to each of them, and its counterpart, called the foot, was kept by the court as evidence of the new owner's title. This served effectively to register the transfer of land. Final concords seem to have first come into use in the second half of Henry II. 's reign, but only a few fines of that period have survived. The continuous series of pedes finium, which begins in 1195, is remarkably complete, and extends to 1834, when fines were abolished by statute. They are particularly valuable to the genealogist and topographer. See Pollock andMaitland, English Law, 2nd edition, ii. 94-106 ; and, on the earliest fines, J. H. Round, in English Historical Review, 1897, xii. 293-302, and in his Feudal England, 509-18. The modern law of the subject is fully set forth in William Cruise's Essay on Fines, London, 1783 ; 3rd edition, 1794. 3. The year books, 1 292-1535 (No. 2053), so called because there was one for each regnal year. They are anonymous law reports, written in French, containing the discussions of the judges and counsel on the points of law, and the grounds of judgment in important cases tried before the royal justices either at Westminster or in eyre. According to an old legal tradition, these reports had official sanction and were drawn up by reporters in the employ of the crown. Much legal and constitutional history still lies buried in the year books, a good edition of which has long been an urgent want. ' They should be our glory, for no other country has any- thing like them ; they are our disgrace, for no other country would have so neglected them : ' Pollock and Maitland, English Law, 2nd edition, vol. i. p. xxxv. See also Frederick Pollock, A First Book of Jurisprudence, 1896, pt. ii. ch. v. ; C. P. Cooper, Account of the Public Records, 1832, ii. 390-401. 4. Records of the courts of chancery, forests, Jews, chivalry, and other special tribunals. Of these the most important are the equity A A 354 A-i^- 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv proceedings of the court of chancery (Nos. 2033, 2048), which begin in the time of Richard II. The placita forests, John-Charles II. (Nos. 2036, 2042, 2052), contain pleas, perambulations, and other transactions, chiefly before the justices in eyre of the forests. The surviving pleas before the justices of the Jews (Nos. 2034, 2042) extend from 3 Henry III. to 14 Edward I. The few extant records of the court of chivalry, preserved in the Public Record Office (cf. No. 2046), are chiefly of the reigns of Edward I. and Richard II. ; it was a military court and a tribunal of honour, deciding disputes regarding coat-armour, etc. 5. Writs, brevia (No. 2043). Those used in judicial procedure were written mandates of the king, which usually ordered the sheriff to compel the defendant to appear in court to answer the plaintiff. They were introduced into England soon after the Norman Conquest, and their number rapidly increased in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. Every suit before a royal court was initiated and authorised by an original writ. In connection with actions thus started by brevia originalia obtained from the chancery, other writs, called brevia judicialia, might be issued by the court in the course of litigation. For each kind of suit there was a fixed form of writ, or, as Bracton says, ' tot formulas brevium quot sunt genera actionum ; ' and as new circumstances arose new kinds of writs were introduced. Maitland (No. 2043) has traced the history of the official Registrum Brevium from the early part of Henry III.'s reign, when there were fifty or sixty kinds of writs, to the close of the fourteenth century, when there were several hundred. See also M. M. Bigelow, History of Procedure, 1880, pp. 147-200. a. GENERAL. 2032. *Bracton's note book : a collection of [1990] cases decided in the king's courts during the reign of Henry III., annotated by a lawyer of that time, seemingly Henry of Bratton, ed. F. W. Mait- land. 3 vols. London, etc., 1887. Vol. i. Apparatus (inUoduclion, etc.). | Vols, ii.-iii. Text (Latin). Contains transcripts of entries on the de banco, coram rege, and eyre rolls, 1-24 Henry III. The MS. is in the British Museum. 2033. Calendars of the proceedings in chancery in the reign of Elizabeth. Kecofd Com. 3 vols. [London], 1827-32. Troccedings in the court of chancery, Richard II. -Henry VII., vol. i. pj). i.- cxxvi. See also Calendar of Early Chancery Proceedings, Richard II.-Elizabeth, in Deputy Keeper's Reports, 1888, xlix. 201-8. § 52] The Central Courts 355 2034. Documents illustrative of English history in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, ed. Henry Cole. Record Com. London, 1844 [printed, 1835]. Pleas before the justices of the Jews, 3-4 Henry HI., 285-332. 2035. *Fines sive pedes finium, 1195-1214, ed. Joseph Hunter. Record Coin. 2 vols. London, 1835-44. — Feet of fines, 1182-99. Pipe Roll Soc. 4 vols. London, 1894- 1900. Hunter's edition was not completed ; it is arranged by counties, and includes Bedfordshire, Berks, Bucks, Cambridgeshire, Cornwall, Cumberland, Derbyshire, Devon, and Dorset. In the four volumes issued by the Pipe Roll Society the fines are arranged in chronological order; only four of them are prior to 1 190. Forty-eight fines, Richard I.-Henry VHI., are printed in Madox's Formulare Anglicanum (London, 1702), 217-37. See also Statutes of the Realm, 1810, i. 126, 214-15 ; English Hist. Review, 1897, xii. 293-302. 2036. Inventory of the records relating to the royal forests [formerly] in the Wakefield tower. Deputy Keeper's Reports., v. 46-59. London, 1844. Pleas, perambulations, etc., John-Charles I. See also ibid., 1859, xx. 126-7 J and No. 2042. 2037. Original documents illustrative of the administration of the criminal law in the time of Edward L, ed. F. M. Nichols. Soc. of Aiitiq. of London., Archaeologia, xl. 89 105. London, 1866. Articles of trailbaston, 102-4. 2038. Placita Anglo-Normannica : law-cases from William L to Richard L preserved in historical records, ed. M. M. Bigelow. Boston, 1879. A valuable collection, comprising mainly narrative accounts of cases taken from the chroniclers. See also Palgrave, English Commonwealth (No. 1496), ii. 5-87, for the suit of Richard de Anesty to recover the lands of his uncle, a.d. 1 158-63, and for the case of the abbot of Battle abbey v. the bishop of Chichester, A.D. 1148-57. 2039. Placita coram domino rege : pleas of the court of king's bench. Trinity term, 25 Edward L, 1297, ed. W. P. W. Phillimore. British Record Soc. London, 1898. 2040. *Placita de quo warranto, Edward I. -Edward HL [ed. William Illingworth]. Record Com. [London], 1818. These are pleadings held before the itinerant justices and based on writs of quo warranto requiring certain persons, boroughs, abbeys, and other communities to show by what authority Ihey claimed franchises. The pica determined A A 2 356 A.D. 1 066- 1485 : Original Sources [pakt iv whether the exercise of the franchise was an infringement of royal rights. These pleadings resulted from the inquiries recorded in the hundred rolls (No. 2160) and from the statute of Gloucester, 1278. After 10 Edward III. the quo warranto proceedings took place in the king's bench or in the exchequer, and are entered on the coram rege and memoranda rolls. The volume published in 1818 gives many valuable details regarding feudal, municipal, and other institutions. Some placita de quo warranto of Edward III.'s reign will also be found in the Record of Caernarvon (Record Com., 183S), 133-207. 2041. *Placitorum abbreviatio, Richard I.-Edward II. Record Co}?i. [London], 181 1. This abstract of pleas (held in the curia regis, king's bench, common pleas, eyres, king's council, parliament, etc.) was made by Arthur Agarde and others in the time of Elizabeth and James I. Many interesting cases are omitted, and the transcripts contain many errors ; nevertheless the book is of great value. 2042. Public record office. Lists and indexes, no. iv. : List of plea rolls preserved in the public record office. Rolls Series. London, 1894. This valuable list includes rolls of the old curia regis, king's bench, common pleas, exchequer, eyres, marshalsea, exchequer of the Jews, palatinates of Durham, Lancaster, and Chester, courts of Wales, coroners' inquests, etc. See also the lists of assize rolls, placita forestse, etc. , in Report of the Record Com- missioners, 1837, pp. 22-67. 2043. Registrum omnium brevium tam originalium quam judi- cialium. 2 pts. London, 1531. 4th edition, 4 pts., 1687. This official register gives the various forms of writs, many of which had remained unchanged since the 12th and 13th centuries. It is ' a book that grew for three centuries or more. ' See F. W. Maitland, History of the Register of Original Writs, in Harvard Law Review, 1890, iii. 97-1 15, 167-79, 212-25. Besides this register we have the anonymous Natura Brevium, or La Vieux Natura Brevium, which seems to have been compiled in Edward III.'s reign ; it contains the principal kinds of writs, with a short commentary explaining their nature and application. Various editions were published, both in the original French and in English, during the i6th century (circa 1510, 1516, 1528, etc.). A work of a similar character by Anthony Fitzherbert is called La Novelle Natura Brevium (London, 1534, and later editions ; translation, 1652, 9th edition, 1794). Many writs are found in Glanville's treatise and in the law-books of the 13th century. See also the Statuta Wallix, 1284, in Statutes of the Realm, 1810, i. ss-68. 2044. Rotuli curire regis, ed. Francis Palgrave. Record Com. 2 vols. [London], 1835. Vol. i. contains rolls of 6 and 10 Richard I. and i John ; vol. ii., a roll of 1 John. They comprise pleas held before the curia regis and in eyre. Valuable. § 52] The Central Courts 357 2045. Rotuli select! ad res Anglicas et Hibernicas spectantes, ed. Joseph Hunter. Record Com. [London], 1834. Rotuli sex ad res Anglicas spectantes, 105-265 : mainly pleas (held in pursu- ance of the Dictum of Kenil worth) relating to lands of rebel barons in the counties of Cambridge, Essex, Northampton, and Suffolk, 52-54 Henry III. 2046. Scrope (The) and Grosvenor controversy : De controversia in curia militari inter Ricardum le Scrope et Robertum Grosvenor, 1385-90, ed. N. H. Nicolas. 2 vols. London, 1832. Vol. i. contains proceedings in the court of chivalry concerning the right to bear certain arms ; vol. ii. , the history of the family of Scrope. For a dispute on a similar subject, see An Account of the Controversy between Reginald Lord Grey of Ruthyn and Sir Edward Hastings in the Court of Chivalry in the Reign of Henry IV. [ed. C. G. Young, London, 1841], pp. 34. There is also a tract on the use of the judicial combat in that court, called The Ordinance and Form of Fighting within the Lists, written in French about 1390 by Thomas of Woodstock, duke of Gloucester, son of Edward III. ; printed, with an old translation, in the Black Book of the Admiralty (No. 2145), i. 301-29; there is a Latin version in Spelman's Glossarium, under ' Campus,' 2047. Select cases from the coroners' rolls, 1 265-1413 [with a translation], ed. Charles Gross. Seldeji Soc. London, 1896. The introduction gives an account of the history of the coroner's office, and deals also with Englishry, the jury, and the duties of neighbouring townships. 2048. Select cases in^chancery, 1364-147 1 [with a translation], ed. W. P. Baildon. Selden Soc. London, 1896. 2049. Select civil pleas, ed. W. P. Baildon. Vol. i., 1 200-1 203 [with a translation]. Selden Soc. London, 1890. Pleas before the justices of the bench and justices in eyre, relating mainly to real property. 2050. Select pleas in the court of admiralty [i 390-1 602, with a translation], ed. R. G. Marsden. Selden Soc. 2 vols. London, 1894-97. The introduction to vol. i. contains a good account of the early history of this court. Only two of the cases are prior to 1524, in which year the regular series of act books of the admiralty begins. 2051. Select pleas of the crown, ed. F. W. Maitland. Vol. i., 1200-1225 [mth a translation]. Selden Soc. London, 1888. Contains pleas before the king, the justices of the bench, and the justices in eyre, with a valuable introduction on the early history of the courts of king's bench and common pleas. See also Maitland's paper, The Murder of Henry Clement, with an extract from the curia regis roll, ii5-i9 Henry III., in English Historical Review, 1895, x. 294-7. 358 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv 2052. tSelect pleas of the forests, 10 John-8 Edward III., ed. G. J. Turner. Selden Soc. London, igoo. 2052 a. Three rolls of the king's court, 1194-95, ed. F. W. Mait- land. Pipe Roll Soc. London, 1891. Comprises the earliest roll of the king's court, that of Trinity term, II94; also an ejnre roll for Wilts, 1194, and another for Bedfordshire and Bucks, 1195. Valuable. An undated roll of the king's court in Richard I.'s reign is appended to the feet of fines, 10 Richard I., pubhshed by the Pipe Roll Society in 1900. 2053. *[ Year books.] Les reports des cases [Edward IL-27 Henry VIIL]. 11 pts. London, 1678-80. This is the most complete edition of the year books, but it is badly edited and badly printed. Excellent editions of certain year books never before published have been issued, with translations, in the Rolls Series : 6 vols. , 20-22, 30-35 Edward I., 11-12 Edward III., ed. A. J. Horwood, 1863-83 ; and 7 vols., 12- 16 Edward III., ed. L. O. Pike, 1885-1900. The Selden Society intends to publish those of Edward II. One part of the year books of Edward III. (pt. v, of the edition of 1678-80) is called Le Livre des Assises, or Liber AssLsarum. We have also two valuable digests of the year books, arranged under titles in alphabetical order : Anthony Fitzherbert's La Graunde Abridgement (' painfully and elaborately collected,' first printed in 1 5 14, containing also many cases taken from the plea rolls of Henrj' III.'s reign) ; and Robert Brooke's La Graunde Abridgement, first printed in 1568, a revision of Fitzherbert's work, with addi- tional cases. b. PARTICULAR COUNTIES, ETC. Cambridgeshire. 2054. Palmer, W. M. On the Cambridgeshire assize rolls [with brief extracts, Henry HL-Edward I.]. Cambridge Antiq. Soc, Proceedings, ix. 209-26. Cambridge, 1897. See also No. 2866. 205s Pedes finium relating to the county of Cambridge [calendar, 7 Richard L-1485], ed. Walter Rye. Cambridge Antiq. Soc. Cambridge, 1891. Cheshire. 2056. Welsh records : calendar of fines [pedes finium], counties of Chester and Flint, Edward L Deputy Keeper's Reports, xxviii. 6-19. London, 1867. § 52] The Central Courts 359 Derbyshire- See No. 871. 2057. A calendar of the fines in the county of Derby [1196- 1324], ed. W. H. Hart and Charles Kerry. Derbysh. ArchceoL and Nat. Hist. Soc, Journal, vii. 195-217, viii. 15-64, ix. 84-93, x. 15 1-8, xi. 93-106, xii. 23-42, xiii. 9-31, xiv. 1-15, xv. 1-19, xvii. 95-113, xviii. 1-17. London, etc., 1885-96. 2058. Kerry, Charles. Gleanings from the assize rolls for Derbyshire [Henry HI.]. Ibid., xviii. 94-117- London, etc., 1896 Dorset. 2059. Full abstracts of the feet of fines relating to Dorset [i 195- 1327]. Dorset Records, ed. E. A. Fry and G. S. Fry, no. ix. 1-80, no. X. 81-176, no. xi. 177-252, no. xii. 253-330. Birmingham, [1896-99]. Essex. 2060. Feet of fines for Essex [abstracts, 1 182-1207], ed. R. E. G. Kirk. Essex ArchceoL Soc. Colchester, 1899. pp. 40. Gloucestershire. 2061. Pedes finium : excerpts from the feet of fines for the county of Gloucester, 7 John-57 Henry IH., ed. John Maclean. Bristol and Glouc. ArchceoL Soc, Trans., xvi. 183-95. Bristol, [1892]. 2062. *Pleas of the crown for the county of Gloucester before the justices itinerant, 1221, ed. F. W. Maitland. London, 1884. Ireland. 2063. A classified schedule and general inventory of the plea rolls [36 Henry HL-25 Charles H.]. Irish Record Co?nmissioners, Eighth Report, 79-125. [London, 1819.] 2064. Early rolls of judicial proceedings [Hsts of Irish plea rolls, 36 Henry III.-16 Charles 1.]. Defiify Keeper's Reports, Ireland xxvi. 52-68, xxviii. 39-56. Dublin, 1894-96. 360 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [pakt iv Kent. For the record of the opening of an eyre in Kent, 6 Edward II., see Year Books, 30-31 Edward I., ed. A. J. Horwood (Rolls Series, 1863), pp. Iv.-lx. ; and for extracts from plea rolls, Nos. 966, 971. 2065. Abstracts of the Kent fines [Edward II.-7 Edward III.], ed. James Greenstreet. Ke7it ArchceoL Soc, Archteologia Cantiana, xi. 305-58, xii. 289-308, xiii. 289-320, xiv. 241-80, xv. 273-310, xviii. 337-52, XX. 161-86. London, 1877-93. 2066. Pedes finium [Richard I.-John, ed. L. B. Larking]. Ibid., i. 217-88, ii. 239-78, iii. 209-40, iv. 273-308, v. 259-90, vi. 225-34. London, 1858-66. Lancashire. 2067. Final concords of the county of Lancaster, ed. William Fan-er. Pt. i., 1 196-1307. Record Soc. for Lane, and Chesh. [London, 1899.] Lincolnshire. 2068. Lincolnshire records : abstracts of final concords, Rich- ard I., John, and Henry III., ed. W. O. Massingberd. [Transcribed and translated by W. K. Boyd.] Vol. i. London, 1896. London and Middlesex. 2069. A calendar of the feet of fines for London and Middlesex, Richard I. -12 Elizabeth, ed. W. J. Hardy and William Page. 2 vols. London, 1892-93. Norfolk. For an index locorum of the de banco rolls, Edward II., see Norfolk Records (No. 2530), i. 223-65 ; for coroners' inquests, Henry III.-Edward I., see Norfolk and Norwich Archseol. Soc, Norfolk Archaeology, 1849, ii- 253-79. See also No. 2540. 2070. Pedes finium relating to Norfolk [abstracts], 3 Richard I. to the end of the reign of John, ed. Walter Rye. Norfolk and Noi-wich Archceol. Soc. Norwich, 1881. — A short calendar of the feet of fines for Norfolk [Richard 1 Richard III.], ed. Walter Rye. 2 pts. Norwich, 1885-86. § 52] The Central Courts 361 2071. Rye, Walter. Crime and accident in Norfolk. Norfolk Antiq. Miscellany, ii. 159-93, Norwich, 1883; Archao I. Review, ii. 20-25, London, 1889. The first of these papers contains extracts from plea rolls, 34, 41, 52-53 Henry HI., 14 Edward I. ; the second, extracts from gaol-delivery rolls, 14 Edward I. For an abstract of a roll of crown pleas and gaol-deliverj', 1332, see Rye's Crime in Norfolk, East Anglian, 1869 [1867], iii. 148-53. Northumberland. 2072. *Three early assize rolls for Northumberland [ed. William Page]. Surtees Soc. London, etc., 1891. Contains rolls of 1256, 1269, and 1279 ; also abstracts of feet of fines, Henrj' HI. and Edward I., 401-26. Oxfordshire. 2073. Oxford city documents, 1268-1665, ed. J. E. T. Rogers. Oxford Hist Soc. Oxford, 1891. Coroners' inquests, etc., 1 297- 1520, pp. 150-81, 236-41. Pleas before the justices in eyre at Oxford, 1285, pp. 194-236. Shropshire. 2074. Shropshire assize rolls, 1203. By W. K. Boyd. Shropsh. ArcfuEol. a7id Nat. Hist. Soc, Trans., 2nd series, xi. 243-51. Shrewsbury, etc., [1899]. Translation only. 2075. Shropshire feet of fines, 1 196-12 11. By W. K. Boyd. Ibid., x. 307-30. Shrewsbury, etc., [1898]. Translation only. ^ Somerset. 2076. Pedes finium for the county of Somerset [abstracts, 1196- 1346], ed. Emanuel Green. 2 vols. Somerset Record Soc. [London], 1892-98. 2077. *Somersetshire pleas, civil and criminal, from the rolls of the itinerant justices, close of the 12th century-41 Henry IIL By C. E. H. C. Healey. Somerset Record Soc. [London], 1897. Translation only. The introduction gives an account of the various courts, central and local. 362 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [paet i Staffordshire. 2078. Extracts from plea rolls [Richard I.-Henry VI.]. Trans- lated by George Wrottesley. Wm. Salt Archceol. Soc, Collections, iii. 1-163, iv. 1-215, V. pt. i. 123-80, vi. pt. i. 37-300, vii. 1-191, ix. 1-118, X. 1-75, xi. 1-123, xii. 1-173, xiii. 1-204, xiv. 1-162, xv. i- 126, xvi. 1-93, xvii. 1-153. London, [i883]-96. Valuable extracts from coram rege, de banco, assize rolls, etc. The pleas from 1194 to 1214 are printed in full. Pleas of the forest, 1262-1300, v. pt. i. 123-80. 2079. Final concords, or pedes finium, Staffordshire [calendars or abstracts, 1 196-1547], ed. George Wrottesley. Ibid., iii. 165-77, iv. 217-63, xi. 127-292. London, [1883-91]. Continued in later volumes of the Collections. Surrey. 2080. [Calendar of] pedes finium, or fines relating to Surrey, Richard I.-Henry VIL, ed. F. B. Lewis. Surrey Archaol. Soc. Guildford, 1894. See also Ralph Nevill, Surrey Feet of Fines, Surrey Archceol. Soc, Col- lections, 1897, xiii. 130-40. Wales. See No. 2657. 2081. The appeal of Richard Siward to the curia regis from a decision in the curia comitatus in Glamorgan, 1248, ed. G. T. C[lark]. Cambrian Archceol. Assoc, Archseologia Cambrensis, 4th series, ix. 241-63. London, 1878. Wiltshire. 2082. Abbreviation of pedes finium, 7 Richard I.-i i Henry III., and inquis[itiones] post mort[em], 27 Henry III. -12 Edward I., for Wiltshire, ed. Thomas Phillipps. Middle Hill Press, n. d. pp. 22. 2083. Index of Wiltshire fines, i Edward III. to Richard III. [Middle Hill Press, n. d.] pp. 27. Worcestershire. 2084. Index pedum finium pro com. Wigorn. ab i Edw. III. ad Hen. VI., ed. T[homas] P[hillippsj. Cheltenham, 1865. pp. 13. § 53] F'OREiGN Relations, Royal Letters, Grants 363 Yorkshire. See No. 2712. 2085. Honor and forest of Pickering, ed. R. B. Turton. North Ridmg Record Soc, Records, new series, vols, i.-iv. London, 1894- 97. Pleas before the itinerant justices of the forest, 1334-38, "• 49-200, iii. l-l8s, iv. 1-69. Coram rege rolls, 7-24 Edw. IIL, iii. 186-220, iv. 167-81. Assize rolls, 15 Hen. IIL, iv. 163-4. 2086. Pedes finium Ebor. tempore Ricardi I. [i 191-99], ed. William Brown. Yorksh. Archceol. and Topog. Assoc, Journal, xi. 174-88. London, 1891. — Pedes fanium Ebor. regnante Johanne [ed. William Brown]. Surtees Soc. Durham, etc., 1897. § 53. FOREIGN RELATIONS, ROYAL LETTERS AND GRANTS. a. General, Nos. 2087-2 1 13. b. Particular Countries, Nos. 2114-37. Most of the records examined in this section are chancery enrol- ments : in other words, transcripts of documents which before being issued from the chancery were copied into various series of rolls for future reference and verification. These documents relate to a great variety of transactions at home and abroad, for the chancellor was secretary of state for both home and foreign affairs. Some of the chancery enrolments, notably the liberate, fine, and statute rolls, have already been described, in §§ 50-51. The rolls of the chancery were formed by sewing the separate membranes end to end into one continuous strip, which was then rolled up ; whereas the membranes of the plea rolls and of the exchequer records were fastened or filed at the top so as to overlap. The collections or series of documents considered in this section are : — I. Charters, and letters patent and close, the most valuable of the chancery enrolments. They were the instruments by which the kings of England made grants and transacted much public business of importance. ' By the first their more solemn acts were declared, by the second their more public directions promulgated, and by the third they intimated their private instructions to individuals.' These three series of records contain grants of lands, offices, privileges, and the like to individuals or communities, mandates to royal officers, 364 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [paht iv etc. ; the patent and close rolls also comprise truces, treaties, diplo- matic correspondence, and documents concerning the revenue, judicature, and other branches of the English government. Royal charters and letters patent, though they often resemble each other as to their contents, are distinguished from each other as regards their form. The charters are addressed ' to the archbishops, bishops, abbots, priors, earls, barons,' etc., and are executed in the presence of various witnesses ; whereas letters patent are addressed ' to all to whom these presents shall come,' and are usually witnessed by the king himself (' teste rege,' or ' teste meipso '). Letters patent were so called because they were delivered open, with the great seal pendent at the bottom ; but in this respect they do not differ from charters. Letters close, 6 John to the present time, were mainly royal mandates addressed to one individual or more ; therefore they were closed and sealed up on the outside. The patent rolls extend from 3 John to the present time ; the charter rolls from i John to 8 Henry VIIL, after which date all grants were made in the form of letters patent and were entered on the patent rolls. The con- firmation rolls, I Richard IIL-i Charles L (Nos. 2088, 2094), contain charters of confirmation, which usually recite in full, or ' inspect,' and confirm older royal grants, some of them as old as the seventh century ; before i Richard IIL the confirmations are enrolled on the charter and patent rolls, and after i Charles L on the patent rolls. 2. ' Cartse antiquse ' (Nos. 2088, 2102), which comprise chancery transcripts of royal and other charters of various dates, from Ethel- bert of Kent to Edward L They are probably copies of charters brought to the chancery in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries for exemplification and enrolment, in order to ensure the preservation of their contents. 3. ' Ancient correspondence,' or ' litters regum,' Richard I.- Henry Vn. (Nos. 2089, 2091, 2113) : mainly royal letters preserved in the Public Record Office in the •form, not of enrolments, but of originals. 4. The so-called treaty rolls, which are divided into various branches, namely Almain, French, Gascon, Norman, Roman, Irish, Scotch, and Welsh rolls: Nos. 2088, 2097, 2102-3, 2115-17, etc. They contain treaties, diplomatic correspondence, charters, letters patent and close, etc., relating to the affairs of foreign countries,— Germany and Flanders (Almain rolls), the English possessions in France (French, Gascon, and Norman rolls), the Roman see, Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. Documents similar to these are also preserved in the patent and close rolls. § 53] Foreign Relations, Royal Letters, Grants 365 5. Rymer's Foedera (Nos. 2097-9), a collection of records of great importance for the study of political and diplomatic history. It contains numerous extracts from the charter, patent, close, treaty, and other rolls. N. H. Nicolas calls it 'the Bible of antiquaries.' a. GENERAL. Many letters patent and close are transcribed on the originalia and memoranda rolls (§ 50 g) ; many are printed in Palgrave's Parliamentary Writs, the Rotuli Parliamentorum, the Peers' Reports (Nos. 2004, 2010, 2944), and in Robert Brady's Complete History of England, London, 1685 (Continuation, 1700). Numerous royal grants will also be found in Dugdale's Monasticon and in the local collections of charters (§ 57). The palatinates of Durham, Ches- ter, and Lancaster each had its own series of chancery enrol- ments : see § 57. The Great Charter, with its precursors and confirmations, is examined in § 51 (^. 2087. Ancient charters, royal and private, prior to 1200 [1095- 1200], ed. J. H. Round. Pipe Roll Soc. London, 1S88. Taken from the Public Record Office, but not from the rolls known as the cartse antiquae. Valuable. 2088. Ayloffe, Joseph. Calendars of the ancient charters [cart?e antiquse] and of the Welch and Scotish rolls. London, 1774. For an earlier edition, see No. 458. There is a table of references to charters contained in the cartce antiqufe and in the confirmation rolls, from Ethelbert of Kent to James I., in the Deputy Keeper's Reports, 1866, xxvii. 30-47. 2089. Calendar of ancient correspondence among the miscel- laneous documents of the ancient treasury of the receipt of the exchequer [32 Henry HI. -17 Edward H.]. Deputy Keeper's Reports, viii. app. ii. 180-84. London, 1847. 2090. Calendar of diplomatic documents formerly in the treasury of the receipt of the exchequer, chapter house, Westminster [iioi- 1624]. Ibid., xlv. app. i. 283-380, xlviii. 561-619. London, 1885-87. This is a calendar, not of enrolments, but of originals and isolated copies of originals. 2091. Calendar of royal and other letters and writs and some few patents [formerly] in the Wakefield tower [Richard I.-Edward I.] Ibid., iv. app. ii. 140-64, v. app. ii. 60-96, vi. app. ii. 88-115, vii. app. ii. 239-76. London, 1843-46. 366 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [pabt iv 2092. *Calendar of the close rolls [1307-37]. Rolls Series. 7 vols. London, 1892-98. For a calendar of the close roll 12 Henry III., see Deputy Keeper's Reports, 1866, xxvii. 48-93. 2093. *Calendar of the patent rolls [1281-1317, 1327-40, 1377-85, 1461-67]. Rolls Series. 12 vols. London, 1891-98. The following calendars of patent rolls have been published in the Reports of the Deputy Keeper : — I Hen. III., 1865, xxvi. 66-86. 5 Edw. I., 1886, xlvi. app. ii. 77-336. 1 Edw, I., 1881, xhi. 473-721. 6 ,, ,, 1886, xlvii. 139-404. 2 ,, ,, 1882, xliii. app. i. 371-578. 7 ,, ,, 1887, xlviii. 1-216. 3 ,, ,, 1883, xliv. 1-309. 8 ,, ,, 1888, xlix. 1-200. 4 ,, ,, 1885, xlv. app. ii. 69-374. 19,, ,, 1889, 1. 1-266. I Edw. \., 1-3 Rich. III., 1848, ix. app. ii. I-147 ; indexes, ibid., 255- 362. 2094. Calendarium rotulorum chartarum [i 199-1483] et in- quisitionum ad quod damnum [1307-1461]. Reco7-d Com. [London], 1803. This calendar is printed from a MS. in the Public Record Office, and seems to have been compiled in the time of James I. It is imperfect, but valuable. An inquisition ad quod damnum was taken by virtue of a writ addressed to the royal escheator of a county when any grant of a market, fair, or privilege was requested, commanding him to ascertain by the verdict of a jury whether such grant, if it should be made, would be to the damage of the king or of other persons. For a calendar of royal charters which occur in letters of inspeximus, exempli- fication, or confirmation, and in chartularies, in the Public Record Office, see Deputy Keeper's Reports, 1868-69, xxix. 7-48, xxx. 197-21 1. 2095. Calendarium rotulorum patentium [3 John-23 Edward IV.]. Record Com. [London], 1802. This crude but valuable collection of notes, the MS. of which is in the Public Record Office, seems to have been made early in the 17th century. It does not cover more than one-fifth of the entries on the patent rolls to 23 Edward IV. 2096. Epistolse Henrici IL Anglian regis, in Bouquet's Recueil des Historicns, xvi. 633-55. Paris, 1814. Letters written by and to Henry II., 1156-78. 2097. * I'oedera, conventiones, litteroe, et cujuscunque generis acta publica inter reges Angliae et alios quosvis imperatores, reges, pontifices, principes, vel communitates [1101-1654], ed. Thomas Rymer; vols, xvi.-xx., by Robert Sanderson. 20 vols. London, 1704-35. — 2nd edition, by George Holmes, 17 vols., 1727-29, § 53] Foreign Relations, Royal Letters, Grants 367 % published by Tonson. — 3rd edition, 10 vols., The Hague, 1739-45. — New edition [1069-1383], by Adam Clarke, Frederic Holbrooke, and John Caley, 4 vols, in 7 pts., Record Com., 1816-69 [vol. iv. printed 1833, published 1869J. — Syllabus of documents in Rymer's Foedera. By T. D. Hardy. Rolls Series. 3 vols. London, 1869-85. Vols, i.-xvii. (London, 1704-17), extending to 1625, are often called the first edition. The ' new edition ' contains many municipal charters. All the editions are fully described in Hardy's valuable Syllabus, which also contains a good index and chronological abstract of the various editions. See also C. P. Cooper, Account of the Public Records, 1832, ii. 89- 144. A General Introduction to the Foedera (pp. 72) was printed by the Record Commission in 181 7, but not published ; pp. 1-24 of this Introduction correspond to pp. i.-xii. of vol. i. of the Foedera, 18 16. This great national work was undertaken at the public expense, and Rymer (/'. 1641, d. 1713) was appointed editor in 1693. 2098. . Acta regia, or an account of the treaties, etc., published in Rymer's Foedera [1101-1625]. Translated from the French] of Paul de Rapin de Thoyras, by Stephen Whatley]. 4 vols. London, 1726-27. Reprinted, 4 vols., 1731 ; i vol., 1732; i vol., 1733- Rapin's abstract or abridgment of the Foedera was originally published in Le Clerc's Bibliotheque Choisie. It is also printed in vol. x. of the Hague edition of the Foedera, under the title, Abrege Historique des Actes Publics d'Angle- terre. 2099. . [Report on Rymer's Fcedera : appendixes, A-E. By C. P. Cooper. Record Com. 3 vols. London, 1836?] App. A. Catalogue of various MSS. relating to Great Britain in continental libraries. App. B. Fragments of Anglo-Saxon literature found in continental libraries. App. C. Documents from the archives of Hamburg, Munich, etc. App. D. Inventories of documents relating to Great Britain in the national archives of France. App. E. A chronological catalogue of the materials transcribed for the new edition of the Fcedera. This valuable work was not completed or published, but copies of the portions in print were distributed by the master of the rolls in 1869. 2100. Formulare Anglicanum : a collection of ancient charters and instruments of divers kinds, from the Norman conquest to the end of the reign of Henry VIH. [ed. Thomas Madox]. London, 1702. Contains many royal charters, private deeds, etc. A dissertation concerning ancient charters, pp. i.-xxxiv. 368 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv 2101. Grants, etc., from the crown during the reign of Edward V., from the original docket book, MS. Harl. 433, ed. J. G. Nichols. Camden Soc. London, 1854. Mainly letters patent and close. 2102. Inventory of the records in the Tower. Deputy KeeJ^e/s Reports, ii. app. ii. 1-65. London, 1841. Cartse antiquae, 1-2. Treaty rolls, 37-45. Charter, patent, and close rolls, 2-24. 2103. Inventory of the records of chancery in the rolls chapel [from I Edward V. onward]. Ibid., iii. app. ii. 135-55, i^. app. ii. 99-112. London, 1842-43. French and Scotch rolls, iii. 140-41. Charter and patent rolls, iii. 142-8. Close and confirmation rolls, iii. 148- 51, iv. 99-107. 2104. Letters and papers illustrative of the reigns of Richard III. and Henry VII., ed. James Gairdner. Rolls Series. 2 vols. London, 1861-63. Most of the documents of Richard III.'s reign are copied from the Harleian MSS., and deal mainly with England's foreign relations. 2105. Letters of the kings of England [Richard I.-Charles I.], ed. J. O. Halliwell. 2 vols. London, 1846 ; reprinted, 1848. Translations only. 2106. Official correspondence of Thomas Bekynton, secretary to Henry VI., ed. George Williams. RoHs Series. 2 vols. London, 1872. Contains many letters of Henry VI. to continental potentates, and other documents throwing light upon the foreign relations of England during the first half of the 15th century. See No. 2233. 2107. Original letters illustrative of English history, including numerous royal letters [1418-1726], ed. Henry Ellis. 3 vols. London, 1824; 2nd edition, 1825. — 2nd series [Henry I V.-i 795], 4 vols, 1827. — 3rd series [1074-1799], 4 vols., 1846. 2108. *Rotuli chartarum, 1199-1216, ed. T. D. Hardy. Record Com. [London], 1837. The introduction contains a good account of the structure of charters. § 53] Foreign Relations, Roval Letters, Grants 369 2109. *Rotuli litterarum clausarum [1204-27], ed. T. D. Hardy. Record Com. 2 vols. [London], 1833-44. The introduction to vol. i. was also separately printed : A Description of the Close Rolls, with an Account of the Early Courts of Law and Equity, 1833. It contains some interesting remarks on the history of equitable jurisdiction. Sir Thomas Phillipps is said to have printed Abbreviatio Rotulorum Clausorum ab i Edw. III. ad Rich. III. ; and Index to the Close Rolls for Wiltshire, 3 Edw. III. -36 Hen. VI. For a transcript of a portion of the close roll 36 Henry III., see C. P. Cooper, Account of the Public Records, 1832, i. 414-35- 2110. *Rotuli litterarum patentium, 1201-16, ed. T.D.Hardy. Record Com. [London], 1835. The introduction was also separately printed, under the title, A Description of the Patent Rolls, to which is added an Itinerary of King John, 1835. See No. 2834. 2111. Rotuli select! ad res Anglicas et Hibernicas spectantes, ed. Joseph Hunter. Record Com. [London], 1834. Contains patent roll 7 John, pp. I-38 ; letters patent of discharges of debts and arrears of accounts, and patents of annuities, enrolled in the memoranda of the Irish exchequer, Henry V.-12 Henry VI., pp. 39-103. 2112. Royal and historical letters during the reign of Henry IV., ed. F. C. Hingeston. Vol. i., 1 399-1404. Rolls Series. London, i86o. These documents, taken mainly from the Cottonian and Harleian MSS., relate to the affairs of Scotland, Wales, Ireland, P^rance, and other countries. 21 13. Royal and other historical letters illustrative of the reign of Henry HL, from the originals in the public record office, ed. W. W.Shirley. Rolls Series. 2 vols. London, 1862-66. Made up of ' litterse regum,' or 'ancient correspondence,' together with some letters taken from the patent and close rolls. Valuable. b. PARTICULAR COUNTRIES. France. The French rolls extend from 26 Henry HL to 26 Charles H. ; the Norman rolls, 2 John- 10 Henry V. ; the Gascon or Vascon rolls, 26 Henry HL-y Edward IV. The Norman and Gascon rolls relate respectively to the affairs of Normandy and Aquitaine while those provinces were under the dominion of the English crown. The earlier French rolls relate mainly to the English possessions in France, B B \^' 370 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv but the later ones contain many diplomatic documents concerning European countries in general. For French rolls, see also Nos. 2 141, 2144. 21 14. Calendar of documents preserved in France illustrative of the history of Great Britain and Ireland, ed. J. H. Round. Vol. i., A.D. 9 1 8- 1 206. Rolls Series. London, 1899. A calendar of royal charters, private deeds, etc. ; most of them are grants to religious houses. 2115. Calendar of French rolls [i Henry V.-49 Henry VI.]. Deputy Keeper's Reports, xliv. 543-638, xlviii. 217-450. London, 1883-87. 2116. Calendar of Norman rolls, Henry V. Ibid., xli. app. i. 671-810, xlii. 313-472. London, 1880-81. This supplements Hardy's work (No. 2125). 21 17. C.\RTE, Thomas. Catalogue des roUes gascons, normans, et francois. 2 vols. London, 1743. Incomplete. 2118. Extrait du registre des dons, etc., faits dans le duche de Normandie pendant 1418-20 par Henri V., ed. Charles Vautier [i.e. Oescent Guiton]. Paris, 1828. 2119. Letters and papers illustrative of the wars of the English in France during the reign of Henry VI. [with a translation], ed. Joseph Stevenson. Rolls Series. 2 vols, in 3 pts. London, 1861-64. Transcribed from various archives in England and| France. 2120. Lettres de rois, reines, et autres personnages des cours de France et d'Angleterre, depuis Louis VII. jusqu'a Henri IV., ed. [J. J.] ChampoUion-Figeac. Documents Incdits. 2 vols. Paris, 1839-47. Contains mandates, letters patent and close, diplomatic correspondence, etc., of English kings relating to their possessions in France, etc. 2121. Ml ROT, Leon, et Deprez, Eugene. Les ambassades anglaises pendant la guerre de cent ans : catalogue chronologique, 1327-1450. Bibliotheque de FEcole des Charles, lix. 550-77. Paris, r898. Catalogue of a series of exchequer] accounts in the Public Record Office rendered by ambassadors to France. § 53] Foreign Relations, Roval Letters, Grants 371 2122. Narratives of the expulsion of the EngHsh from Normandy, 1449-50, ed. Joseph Stevenson. Rolls Series. London, 1863. De reductione Normannice, by Robert Blondel, 1-238. See No. 1723. Le recouvrement de Normendie, par Berry, herault dii roy, 239-376. See No. 1 7 19. Negotiations between France and England, 377-514. 2123. Roles gascons, ed. Francisque Michel. Vol. i., 1242-54, Docufnents Inedits. Paris, 1885. — Supplement, 1254-55, ed. Charles Bemont, Doaiments Inedits, 1896. This valuable work contains letters patent and close, etc., of English kings relating chiefly to the affairs of Aquitaine. An arrangement has been made by which the Erench government undertakes to transcribe, edit, and print the Gascon rolls, while the EngUsh government supplies photographs of these records : see Montagu Burrows, The Publication of the Gascon Rolls, Royal Hist. Soc, Trans., new series, 1892, vi. 109-24. A fragment of the roll of 26 Henry III. was printed by the Record Commission : Rotulus Vasconiee, Hen- ricus III. [London, 1836?], pp. 28. 2124. Roles normands et frangais et autres pieces tirees des archives de Londres par Brequigny. Societ'e des Antiquaires de Normandie, Memoires, vol. x,\iii. pt. i. Paris, 1858. An extensive icollection of documents, mainly letters patent of Henry V. relating to France. 2125. Rotuli Normanniae, 1200 -1205, 141 7-18, ed. T. D. Hardy. Record Com. [London], 1835. Contains letters and grants of English kings relating to the duchy of Normandy. Italy. For a calendar of entries in the papal registers relating to Great Britain, see No. 612. 2126. Calendar of state papers and MSS. relating to English affairs in the archives of Venice [1202-1603], ed. Rawdon Brown and H. F. Brown. Rolls Series. 9 vols, in 11. London, 1S64-97. Ireland. For the Calendar of the Carcw MSS., see No. 518. 2127. Calendar of documents relating to Ireland [11 7 1-1307], ed. H. S. Sweetman. Rolls Series. 5 vols. London, 1875-86. Abstracts of letters patent and close and of other documents. Valuable. B B 2 3/2 A.D. 1066-14S5 : Original Sources [part iv 2128. Chartae, privilegia, et immunitates : transcripts of charters and privileges to cities, towns, abbeys, etc., 1171-1395. Printed by the Irish Record Commission, 1829-30. Dublin, etc., 1889. pp. 92. Particularly valuable for the study of municipal history. Contains letters patent and close, bulls, etc. The work was not completed. 2129. Liber munerum publicorum Hibernise, ed. Rowley Las- celles. [Not completed ; planned by the Irish Record Commission, printed 1822-30, and issued from the Rolls House. 2 vols. London, 1852.] Vol. i. pt. iv., pp. 1-147, contains patents of ofHce, letters patent and close, etc., I181-1653; taken from Rymer's Fcedera, Prynne's Animadversions on Coke's Fourth Institute, etc. There is an index of the Liber Munerum in Deputy Keeper's Reports, Ireland, 1877, ix. 21-58. 2130. Rotulorum patentium et clausorum cancellariae Hiberniae calendarium [ed. Edward Tresham]. Vol. i. pt. i., Henry II.- Henry VII. Ij'ish Record Coin. [Dublin], 1828. A calendar of charters, letters patent, statutes, inquisitions, etc. See also No. 2009. Scotland. See § 54. 2131. Calendar of documents relating to Scotland preserved in the public record office, London [i 108-1509], ed. Joseph Bain. 4 vols. H. M. Register House, Edinburgh, 1881-88. A valuable calendar of documents in the patent, charter, close, and plea rolls, etc. 2132. Documents and records illustrating the history of Scotland and the transactions between the crowns of Scotland and England [21 Henry III. -35 Edward I.], ed. Francis Palgrave. Vol. i. Record Com. [London], 1837. The elaborate introduction deals with the history of the relations of Scotland to England. 2133. Documents illustrative of the history of Scotland, 1286- 1306, ed. Joseph Stevenson. 2 vols. H.M. Register House, Edin- burgh, 1870. ^ 53] Foreign Relations, Royal Letters, Grants 373 2134. Instrumenta publica sive processus super fidelitatibus et homagiis Scotorum domino regi Angliee factis, 1291-96 [ed. Thomas Thomson]. Bannatyne Club. Edinburgh, 1834. Title on the cover, The Ragman Rolls. Contains documents concerning the succession to the Scottish crown and concerning the English claim of feudal superiority over Scotland. Cf. Rymer's Foedera, i8l6, i. 762-84 ; and H. T. Riley's edition of Rishanger {No. 1836), 233-368. 2135. RotuliScotise [1291-1516]. Record Com. 2 vols. [London], 1814-19. Documents illustrating political transactions between England and Scotland, including naval and military affairs, etc. 2136. Tracts relating to the English claims, 1301 [extracts], in W. F. Skene's Chronicles of the Picts, etc., 216-84. H.M. Register House, Edinburgh, 1867. Wales. See No. 2656. 2137. Rotulus Wallite, or transactions between Edward I. and Llewellyn, the last prince of Wales [5-9 Edward L, ed. Thomas Phillipps]. Pt. i. Cheltenham, 1865. pp. 44. § 54. THE ARMY AND NAVY. The principal sources for the study of the history of the army and navy are : — 1. Writs of military summons, most of which are entered on the close and treaty rolls : No. 2149. 2. Muster, retinue, and marshalsea rolls, giving the names of those who served in various campaigns: Nos. 1946, 2146-7, 2149. For a muster roll of the army, 1417, see Benjamin Williams's edition of Gesta Henrici V. (London, 1850), 265-73 ; and for part of a muster roll, 21 Edward III., see Yeatman, > Feudal History of the County of Derby (No. 871), i. 479-82. 3. Accounts of payments to men who served in various cam- paigns : Nos. 2140, 2148, 2150. 4. Ordinances for the army and navy : Nos. 2143, 2145. 5. The Black Book of the Admiralty, the chief source for the study, of nraritime law : No. 2145. VB. The Bayeux Tapestry, which throws light on the battle of Hastings and the events which led to it : No. 2139. Baudri, bishop 374 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [paut iv of Dol, 1107-30, wrote a poem, addressed to Adela, daughter of William the Conqueror, in which he describes a tapestry similar to that of Bayeux ; this poem has been edited by Leopold Delisle, in Memoires de la Societe des Antiquaires de Normandie, 1871, xxviii. 187-224. 7. The scutage rolls and wardrobe accounts : § 50 ^, 50 e, 50 y^ and No. 2149. There is an ancient English poem on the siege of Harfleur and the battle of Agincourt in Thomas Hearne's edition of Elmham's Vita et Gesta Henrici V. (Oxford, 1727), 359-75. Page's poem on the siege of Rouen, 141 8, has been edited by James Gairdner : No. 1829. For the modern literature concerning the army and navy, see §§ 21, 68. 2138. An account of the army with which Richard II. invaded Scotland in 1385, ed. N. H. Nicolas. Soc. of Antiq. of London^ Archffiologia, xxii. 13-19. London, 1829. 2139. *Bayeux tapestry (The) delineated. By C. A. Stothard. Soc. of Antiq. of Londotr, Vetusta Monumenta, vol. vi. plates 1-17 (coloured). London, [1819-23]. — The Bayeux tapestry reproduced in autotype, with historic notes. By F. R. Fowke. Arundel Soc. London, 1875. 79 plates. — La tapisserie de Bayeux : 79 planches phototypographiques, avec un texte historique [based on Fowke's work]. By Jules Comte. Paris, 1878. This tapestry is a strip of linen (formerly preserved in the cathedral of Bayeux, in Normandy, and now in the town library of that city), in which is worked, in coloured wools, a series of events immediately preceding the death of Edward the Confessor and ending with the invasion of England and the battle of Hastings. It is about 20 inches wide and 230 feet long, and is di\nded into seventy-two compartments or scenes. The best authorities believe that it is a contemporaiy work made in Normandy by order of Bishop Odo for his newly- built cathedral of Bayeux, and that it is not the handiwork of Mathilda, wife of William the Conqueror. It is valuable for the study of the events with which it deals. For the literature of the subject, see the bibliography in Fowke's book, i875> PP- 97-I02. The principal accounts of the histoiy of the tapestry are : — J. C. Bruce, The Bayeux tapestry elucidated, London, 1856. (Valuable). — Edelestand Du Meril, De la tapisserie de Bayeux, in his Etudes sur quelques Points d'Archeologie, 384-426, Paris, etc., 1862.— F. R. Fowke, The Bayeux tapestry, London, 1898, 79 plates. (An abridged edition of the work published in 1S75. Valuable.) — E. A. Freeman, Norman conquest, vol. iii. app. A., Oxford, 1869. — ^J. R. Blanche, On the Bayeux tapestry, British Archa;ol. Assoc, Journal, 1867, xxiii^ 134-56. — C. A. Stothard, Observations on the Bayeux tapestry, Soc. of Antiq. of London, Archeeologia, 1 821, xix. 184-91. See also two essays by Thomas Amyot, ibid., xix. 88I95, 192-208. "* § 54] The Army and Navy 375 2140. Compte (Le) de I'armee anglaise au siege d' Orleans, 1428- 29, ed. Louis Jarry. Orleans, 1892. The ' compte,' pp. 87-204, is a contemporary document which enumerates the English captains, their troops, pay, etc. It is preceded by an account of the organisation of the EngUsh army. 2141. Crecy and Calais [1346-47], from the public records, ed. George Wrottesley. JV?/i. Salt Archccol. Soc, Collections, vol. xviii. pt. ii. London, 1897. Contains translations of extracts from the following records : — French rolls, 19-21 Edw. III., 58-136. j household, 18-23 Edw. III., 191- Memoranda rolls, 21-35 Edw. III., ' 219. 136-90. Norman roll, 20 Edw. III., 219-59. Accounts of the treasurer of the royal Calais roll, 21 Edw. III., 260-79. 2142. Diary of the expedition of Edward L into Scotland, 1296, ed. P. F. Tytler. Bannatyne Club^ Bannatyne Miscellany, i. 265- 82. Edinburgh, 1827. Contains the French text, which seems to be contemporary with the date of the expedition, and a sixteenth-century translation. This translation was also edited by N. H. Nicolas : A Narrative of the Progress of Edward I. in his Invasion of Scotland in 1296, in Archreologia, 1827, xxi. 478-98. 2143. Excerpta historica [ed. Samuel Bentley]. London, 1831. Contains the ordinances made for the army by Henry V., in 1419, and by John Talbot, earl of Shrewsbury, temp. Hen. VI. (taken from a MS. in the College of Arms), pp. 28-43. The ordinances of 1419 are also printed in the Black Book of the Admiralty (No. 2145), '• 459-72- 2144. Military service performed by Staffordshire tenants [1230- 1392], ed. George Wrottesley. Wm. Salt ArcJmoL Soc, Collections, viii. 1-122, xiv. 221-264. London, [1888-94]. Translations of extracts taken mainly from the Scotch and French rolls. 2145. *Monumenta juridica : the black book of the admiralty [with a translation and an elaborate appendix], ed. Travers Twiss. Molls Series. 4 vols. London, 1871-76. Vol. i. contains the Black Book, pp. 1-344; documents connected with the admiralty of Sir Thomas Beaufort, 9 Henry IV. -4 Henry VI., pp. 347-94; ordinances of war made in 1 3S5 and 1419, pp. 453-72. Vols, ii.-iv. contain Le Domesday of Ipswich, the Coutumes d'Oleron, the Spanish Customs of the Sea, the maritime laws of Gotland, Wisby, Flanders, etc. The Black Book of the Admiralty is a collection of laws, in French and Latin, relating to the na\y, the original MS. of which is preserved in the admiralty archives at Whitehall. Selden calls it the • jewel of the admiralty records.' The 376 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv earlier part seems to have been compiled in Henry VI. 's reign, but it includes some documents of the time of Edward III., together with certain ordinances which purport to have been made in the I2th and 13th centuries. 2146. Muster roll for the rape of Hastings, 13 Edward III. Col- lectanea Topog. et Genealogica (No. 820), vii. 118-28. London, 1841. 2147. Muster roll of cavalry, temp. Edw. III., ed. Henry Apple- ton. Yorksh. Archceol. Soc, Journal, xiv. 239-41. London, 1898. Translation only. 2147 a. Nomina et insignia nobilium equitumque sub Edoardo I. militantium ; accedunt Classes exercitus Edoardi III. Caletem obsidentis, ed. E. R. Mores. Oxford, 1749. The second document gives the number of men besieging Calais in 1 347. Cf, A Roll of Edward III.'s Fleet before Calais, ed. John Topham, in Archceologia, 1782, vi. 213-15 ; also printed, with another document concerning Edward III.'s forces at Calais, in ChampoUion-Figeac's collection of letters (No. 2120), ii. 82-92. 2148. Ordinance for charges of the castles [of] north Wales, 2 Edward III. and 5, 6 Henry IV. Cainbrian Archceol. Assoc.., Archaeologia Cambrensis, 3rd series, viii. 123-9. London, 1862. A document giving the number of men for each castle, with their pay. 2149. *ParIiamentary writs and writs of military summons [Edward I.-Edward II.], ed. Francis Palgrave. Record Com. 2 vols. in 4. London, 1827-34. Contains writs of summons, commissions of array, and other documents re- lating to military levies ; of great value for the history of the army. See especi- ally vol. i. pp. 193-380, vol. ii. div. ii. pp. 367-763. Many of these records relate to scutage ; and among the documents printed are three marshalsea rolls, 5 and 10 Edward I., i. 197-213, 228-43. 2150. Proceedings of his majesty's commissioners on the public records, 1832-33, ed. C. P. Cooper. London, 1833. Liber Roberti Hayroun contrarotulatoris Walteri de Amondesham de denariis regis receptis pro expensis exercitus regis in partibus Scotise faciendis [26 Ed- ward I., 1297], 506-36. 2151. Scotland in 129S: documents relating to the campaign of Edward I. in that year, ed. Henry Gough. London, etc., 1888. Contains two rolls of the horses belonging to the royal household, and numerous extracts from patent and close rolls, etc. Valuable. § 54] The Army and Navy ly-j 2152. The siege of Caerlaverock, 1300, with the arms of the earls, barons, and knights who were present ; with a translation, a history of the castle, etc., ed. N. H. Nicolas. London, 1828. — A better edition, by Thomas Wright : The roll of arms of the princes, barons, and knights who attended Edward I. at the siege of Caer- laverock; with a translation. London, 1864. An interesting French poem, giving a catalogue of Edward I.'s followers, with a description of their coat-armour and persons, and an account of the siege. § 55. FEUDAL TENURES: INQUESTS POST MORTEM, ETC. a. General, Nos. 2153-61. b. Particular Counties, Nos. 2162-92. The public records relating primarily to feudal tenures are : — 1. Inquisitions post mortem, Henry III. -Charles II. (Nos. 2153-6, 2162, etc.). These were held on the death of any of the king's tenants-in-chief, to enable him to exercise his rights of relief, wardship, and escheat. The jury, assembled by the escheator of the county, declared what lands the tenant had at the time of his death, what their annual value was, by what rents or services they were held, who was the next heir, and how old the heir then was. If he was of age, he paid a feudal relief to the crown ; if he was a minor, the king would have the wardship of the estate ; and if there was no heir, the estate would escheat to the crown. Though the regular series of these records does not begin until early in Henry III.'s reign, similar information regarding reliefs, wardships, and the like is afforded by certain rolls of the year 1185 (No. 2159). The inquests post mortem are the favourite hunting-grounds of genealogists ; and they are also of great value for the study of manorial history, for they often include minute ' extents,' or surveys, of manors, which give details regarding the tenants on an estate, their services and holdings. Filed with these documents are many inquisitions ad quod damnum (No. 2094); but from I Edward II. to 39 Henry VI. the latter form a separate series. Lists of abstracts of inquests post-mortem preserved in public libraries will be found in Richard Sims's Manual for the Genealogist, 1856, pp. 125-8. For the escheators' accounts, which give many details regarding feudal property, see Deputy Keeper's Reports, 1840, i. 139-42. 2. Hundred rolls (No. 2160). They contain inquisitions by a jury of each hundred concerning infringements of the king's rights, 3/8 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [paet iv encroachments on the royal demesne, and oppressive measures of the sheriffs and other local officers of the crown. During the dis- orders of Henry III.'s reign the magnates and sheriffs had been guilty of many usurpations and exactions. In 1274 and again in 1279 Edward I. appointed commissioners who visited the various counties to secure data regarding the nature of these abuses. The jury for each hundred gave information concerning the owners and occupiers of lands, the extent and tenures of their estates, the services rendered by under-tenants, the feudal profits of the king which had been wrongfully withheld, manorial courts and privileges, exactions of the nobility and royal officers, and many other matters. The verdicts or reports of the juries throw much light upon feudal tenures and manorial institutions. In 39 Henry III. and after 8 Edward I. similar inquisitions were held before the itinerant justices, and are entered on the eyre rolls. 3. Testa de Nevill, or Liber Feodorum (No. 2 161), a register compiled from inquisitions, many of the originals of which still exist in the Public Record Office. It contains an account of knights' fees, serjeanties, widows and heiresses whose marriages were in the gift of the king with the value of their lands, churches in the gift of the king, escheats, and the amount of scutage and aid paid by each tenant. This record enabled the exchequer officials to determine from whom aids, scutages, and other feudal profits might be demanded by the crown. ' Testa ' seems to refer to the record chest in which the register was preserved ; but it is uncertain whether the title is derived from Ralph de Nevill, an exchequer officer of Henry III., or from Jollan de Nevill, an itinerant justice of the same reign, or from John de Nevill, an official of Edward I.'s time. The title Testa de Nevill refers only to certain older lists or returns which form a small part of the whole register. The latter includes numerous returns for the reigns of Richard I. and John, and the bulk of the material in the printed work belongs to the first half of Henry III.'s reign. The compilation in its present form is usually ascribed to the time of Edward II., but it may have been made late in the reign of Edward I. 4. Kirkby's Quest. This is a survey of various counties of England, made, probably in 1284-85, under the direction of John de Kirkby, the king's treasurer. It comprises in most cases abridgments of, or extracts from, original inquisitions, and gives information con- cerning the knights' fees held of the king or of others ; some of the complete returns have, however, survived. The survey resulted from certain reforms in the exchequer ordained by the statute de scaccario, 12 Edward I. 'The return of knights' fees, which § 55] Feudal Tenures : Inquests post Mortem 379 eventually determined the importance of this survey to later exchequer officials, and to modern students, was apparently a sub- ordinate part of the inquiry, not required by the statute, and possibl)' designed to facilitate the collection of the scutage of 10 Edward I.' See Nos. 2164, 2168, 217 1, 2186, 2191 ; and, for the part relating to Leicestershire, Nichols, County of Leicester (No. 996), vol. i. pp. cxxii.-cxxiv. The best account of Kirkby's Quest is in Inquisitions and Assessments (No. 2157), vol. i. pp. viii.-xxii. The original inquisition for the hundred of Roulowe, Bucks, is printed in full, ibid., i. 86-90. 5. Nomina Villarum (No. 2158). This document comprises returns made by sheriffs as to what cities, boroughs, and townships there were in each hundred or wapentake, and who were the lords thereof. This information was needed for a military levy in 9 Edward IL (1316), because each township was required to find one man-at-arms. Many of the public records mentioned in the preceding sections of this chapter also contain much material relating to knights' fees and to other feudal tenures : for example, Domesday Book and similar surveys, § 50 a; the books of the exchequer, § 501^; taxation rolls, especially the scutage rolls and the Book of Aids, § 50^ For local manorial records, see § 57 ; and for the modern Uterature concerning feudal tenures, §§ 22, 69. a. GENERAL. 2153. Calendarium genealogicum, Henry IIL and Edward L, ed. Charles Roberts. Rolls Series. 2 vols. London, 1865. The chief object of this valuable work is to present the genealogical matter contained in the inquests post mortem and in similar inquisitions. 2I54« Calendarium genealogicum : calendar of heirs extracted from the inquisitions [post mortem, etc.], 1-2 Edward IL Deputy Keeper's Reports, xxxii. app. i. 237-63. London, 187 1. — Con- tinued, 3-4 Edward 1 1., by J. A. C. Vincent. Genealogist, new series, i. 190-94, 206-13 ) ii. 61-64, 88-93; iii- 49-53) 98-100, 179- 85, 210-15 ; iv. 55-59, 119-22, 143-8, 215-17 ; vi. 158-64, 243-50. London, 1884-90. 2155- Calendarium inquisitionum post mortem sive escaetarum [Henry III.-Richard III.]. Record Com. 4 vols. [London], 1806-28. Printed from an inaccurate MS. calendar, which seems to have been compiled in the reign of James I. It contains many inquests which are not inquisitions 38o A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv post mortem, and no apparatus is provided to distinguish the latter from the former. 2156. Heredes ex inquisitionibus post mortem, 1 272-1439, ed. Thomas Phillipps. Middle Hill Press, 1841. pp. 87. 2157* *Inquisitions and assessments relating to feudal aids, with other analogous documents preserved in the public record ofifice, 1 284-1431. Vol. i. Rolls Series. London, 1899. The work is designed to illustrate the succession of holders of land during the years 1 284- 1 431, and may be regarded as a supplement to the Testa de Nevill. It is based on Kirkby's Quest, Nomina Villarum, the Book of Aids (above, pp. 334-5, the aid of 31 Edward I., and the subsidy rolls of 6 and 9 Henry VI. Vol. i. includes the counties of Bedford, Berks, Buckingham, Cambridge, Corn- wall, Derby, and Devon. 2158. [Nomina villarum] : returns of the names of lords of town- ships, etc., for the purpose of effecting the military levies ordained in the parliament of England, 9 Edward II., ed. Francis Palgrave, Parliamentary Writs, ii. div. iii. 301-416. Record Com. [London], 1834. 2159. Rotuli de dominabus et pueris et puellis de donatione regis in xii. comitatibus, 31 Hen. II., 1185, ed. Stacey Grimaldi. London, 1830. pp. 54. Contains abstracts of inquisitions the object of which was to ascertain the wardships, reliefs, and other feudal profits due to the king from the widows and children of his tenants-in-chief ; much information is given regarding the value and quantity of their lands, etc. 2160. *Rotuli hundredorum, temp. Hen. III. et Edw. I. Record Com. 2 vols. [London], 181 2-18. Contains most of the hundred rolls of Edward I.'s reign and some of the in- quisitions of 39 Henry III. For the rolls omitted in these two volumes, see Scargill Bird's Guide, 142-4 ; and No. 2187. 2161. *Testa de Nevill sive Liber feodorum, temp. Hen. III. et Edw. I. [Richard I. -Edward I.]. Record Com. [London], 1807. See Hubert Hall, Testa de Nevill, in Athenreum, 1898, ii. 353-4,420-21 ; Hall's edition of the Red Book of the Exchequer, vol. ii. pp. ccxxi.-ccxxx. ; and Henry Barkly, Testa de Nevill, with an Attempt to determine the Dates of the Returns pertaining to the County of Gloucester contained therein, in Genea- logist, new series, 1889, v. 35-40, 75-80. §55] Feudal Tenures: Inquests post Mortem 381 b. particular counties. For Leicestershire, see No. 2484, and Nichols, County of Leicester (No. 996) ; for the county of Glamorgan, Nos. 2650, 2652. Cheshire. 2162. Welsh records : index to inquisitions, etc., counties of Chester and Flint [Edward IIL-Charles I.]. Deputy Keeper's Reports, xxv. 32-60. London, 1864. See also No. 2292. Derbyshire and Notts. 2163. A survey of the honour of Peverel, 1250. By Charles Kerry. Derby sh. Archceol. and N'at. Hist. Soc, Journal, xiv. 40-53. London, etc., 1892. Translation only. Contains a list of knights' fees, etc. , held of the king. 2164. The Testa de Nevill for Notts and Derby. Reprinted from the Feudal History of the County of Derby [i. 365-456], ed. J, P. Yeatman. London, [1886]. Translation only. For a translation of Kirkby's Quest and the hundred rolls, for Derbyshire, and of various documents relating to knights' fees, see Veatman's Feudal History (No. 871), i. 457-511, iii. 36-68. Devonshire. 2165. Whale, T. W. The tax roll of ' Testa de Nevill.' Deiwi. Assoc, for Advancement of Science, etc., Trans., xxx. 203-57. Ply- mouth, 1898. — The tax roll for Devon, 31 Edward I. [a list of knights' fees]. Ibid., xxxi. 376-429. Plymouth, 1899. Dorset. See No. 2184. 2166. Fry, E. a. On the inquisitions post mortem for Dorset, 1216-1485. Dorset Nat. Hist, and Antiq. Field Club, Proceedings, xvii. 1-53. Dorchester, 1896. Durham. 2167. Durham records. Cursitors' records : inquisitions post mortem, etc. [fourteenth to seventeenth century]. Deputy Keeper's Reports, xliv. 310-542, xlv. app. i. 153-282. London, 1883-85. 382 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv Gloucestershire. 2168. Kirkby's quest: pt. i., its history; pt. ii., the return for Gloucestershire, ed. Henry Barkly. Bristol and GIouc. ArchcEol Soc, Trans., xi. 130-54. Bristol, [1887]. 2169. Knights' fees in Gloucestershire [on which an aid for the marriage of the king's daughter was levied], 3 Henry IV., ed. John ^laclean. Ibid., xi. 312-30. Bristol, [1887]. 2170. Testa de Nevill : returns for [the] county of Gloucester, ed. Henry Barkly. Ibid., xii. 235-90 ; xiii. 23-34, 297-358 ; xiv. 14-47. Bristol, [188S-90]. Contains a valuable commentary on the Gloucestershire entries. See also No. 2161. Kent. 2171. Fragment of the Kent portion of Kirkby's inquest, ed. James Greenstreet. Kent ArchcEol. Soc, Archasologia Cantiana, xi. 365-9. London, 1877. 2172. Holders of knights' fees in Kent at the knighting of the king's eldest son, 38 Henry II., ed. James Greenstreet. Ibid., xii. 197-237. London, 1S78. 2173. Inquisitiones post mortem [1235-71]. Ibid., ii. 279-336 iii. 243-74, iv. 311-21, V. 292-304, vi. 237-50. London, 1859-66. Translation only, Lancashire. 2174. Abstracts of inquisitions post mortem [i 297-1637], ex- tracted from MSS. at Towneley, ed. William Langton. CJietham Soc. 2 vols. [Manchester], 1875-76. 2175- L)ucatus Lancastrioe calendarium inquisitionum post mortem, Edward I. -Charles I. Record Com. [London], 1823. Relates to lands in various counties. 2176. Gregson, Matthew. Portfolio of fragments relative to the history, etc., of the county and duchy of Lancaster. 3 pts. Liverpool, 1817. — 3rd edition, by John Harland, London, etc., 1869. Testa de Nevill, 307-36. Tenants of the duke of Lancaster, 131 1 (Birch Feodary), 333-47. § 55] Feudal Tenures : Inquests tost Mortem 383 2177. Lancashire : [calendar of] inquisitions post mortem, Richard II.-Elizabeth. Depiity Keeper's Reports, xxxix. 532-49. London, 1878. 2178. Lansdowne feodary [a Hst of knights' fees of the duke of Lancaster, 1349], in Baines's History of the County of Lancaster (No. 982), 1S36, iv. 756-64; translation, ibid., 1870, ii. 692-6. 2179. Stokes, Ethel. Calendar of the duchy of Lancaster inquisitions post mortem [Edward L-Charles L]. Genealogical Magazine, ii. 427-31, 553-6; iii. 27-29, 64-60, 1 13-15, etc. London, 1899. Relates to lands in various counties. 2180. Three Lancashire documents of the fourteenth and fif- teenth centuries, ed. John Harland. Chetham Soc. [Manchester], 1868. The great De Lacy inquisition, 13 II, pp. I-27. Norfolk. 2181. Norfolk records, ed. AV. U. Selby [vol. ii. by Walter Rye]. Norfolk and Norwich ArchcEol. Soc. 2 vols. Norwich, 1886-92. Vol. ii. is an index to four series of Norfolk inquests post mortem, Henry III.- Charles II. Shropshire. 2182. Shropshire inquisitions post mortem [i 254-1 392]. Trans- lated by W. K. Boyd. Shropsh. Archceol. and Nat. Hist. Soc, Trans., 2nd series, xi. 262-76. Shrewsbury, 1899. Translation only. 2183. Tenants-in-capite and sub-tenants in Shropshire, circa temp. Edw. L From an original roll in the collection of Edward Lloyd. Collectanea Topog. et Genealogica (No. 820), i. 111-21. London, 1834. Gives information similar to that contained in the Testa de Nevill. Somerset. 2184. Abstract of inquisitions post mortem, temp. Hen. HL, for Somerset and Dorset. Ibid., ii. 48-56, 168-74. London, 1835. 2185. Fry, E. a. On the inquisitions post mortem for Somerset [a calendar], 12 16-1485. Sonursetsh. Archceol. and Nat. Hist. Soc, Proceedings, xliv, 79-148. Taunton, 1898. 384 A.D 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv 2186. Kirkby's quest for Somerset, Nomina villarum for Somerset, etc., ed. F. H. Dickinson. Somerset Record Soc. [London], 1889. Staffordshire. 2187. The Staffordshire hundred rolls, temp. Hen. III. and Edw. I., ed. George ^Vrottesley. IVm. Sa/t ArchceoL Soc, Collec- tions, V. pt. i. 105-21. London, [1884]. Contains a translation of the parts relating to Seisdon hundred, 39 Henry III., and Totmonslow hundred, 3 Edward I., which are not printed in Rotuli Hun- dredorum (No. 2160). The Latin text of the Offlow hundred roll will be found in Stebbing Shaw's History of Staffordshire, 1798, appendix to the general history, vol. i. pp. xvi.-xix. Sussex. 2188. Proofs of age of Sussex families, Edward IL-Edward IV., ed. W. D. Cooper. Sussex Archceol. Soc, Collections, xii. 23-44. London, i860. Translation only. Wiltshire. For inquests post mortem, see No. 2082. 2189. The Nomina villarum for Wiltshire, 13 16, ed. W. H. Jones. Wiltsh. Archceol. and Nat. Hist. Soc, Magazine, xii. 1-43. Devizes, etc., 1870. Also printed in R. C. Hoare's Repertorium Wiltunense, Bath, 182 1. Worcestershire. 2190. The inquisitiones post mortem for the county of Worcester, ed. J. W. Willis-Bund. Pt. i., 1242-99. Worcestersh. Hist. Soc. Oxford, 1894. Translation only. Yorkshire. 2191. The survey of the county of York taken by John de Kirkby, called Kirkby's inquest ; also inquisitions of knights' fees, the Nomina villarum for Yorkshire, and an appendix of illustrative documents [ed. R. H. Skaife]. Surtees Soc. Durham, etc., 1867. The inquisitions of knights' fees were taken 31 Edward I., preparatory to levying an aid for the marriage of the king's eldest daughter. The appendix contains other lists of knights' fees. Valuable. § 56] The Church 383 2192. Yorkshire inquisitions [1241-95], ed. William Brown. Yorksh. ArchcRol. and Topog. Assoc, Record Series, vols, xii., xxiii. 2 vols. [Worksop, etc.], 1892-98. Translation only. Contains mainly inquisitions post mortem (in which there are various manorial extents), with some inquests ad quod damnum. \'aluable. § 56. THE CHURCH. a. Monasticism, Nos. 2193-2205. b. Taxation Rolls, etc., Nos. 2206-12. c. Pontificals, Homilies, Gilds, etc., Nos. 22 13- 18. d. VitK, Epistolje, et Opera, Nos. 2219-66. For papal letters, proceedings of councils, canons, and other sources relating to the church, see § 16 ; and for local records, § 57. Many ecclesiastical documents are included in such series of public records as the close, patent, and charter rolls, § 53. Ead- mer and other chroniclers, § 48, are valuable for the study of church history. The modern literature is set forth in §§ 23, 24, 70. a. MONASTICISM. For general collections of material relating to monasticism, see § 16 r, especially Uugdale's IMonasticon (No. 613). The following continental collections are valuable for the general history of the Carthusians, Cistercians, and friars : — BuUarium Franciscanum, ed. J. H. Sbaralea, 4 vols., Rome, 1759-68 ; supplement, 1780 ; vol. v., by Con- rad Eubel, Rome, etc., 1898. BuUarium Ordinis Pniedicatorum, ed. F. T. RipoU and A. Bremond, 8 vols., Rome, 1729-40. Monumenta Ordinis Prsedicatoruni Historica, ed. B. iM. Reichert, vols. i.-iv., Rome, etc, 1896-99. Monuments Primitifs (Les) de la Regie Cistercienne, ed. Ph. Guignard, Dijon, 1878. Nomasticon Cistercien.se, ed, Hugo Sejalon, Solesmes, 1892. Provinciate Ordinis Fratrum Minorum Vetustissimum, ed. Conrad Eubel, Quaracchi, 1S92. Statuta Ordinis Cartusiensis a Domno Guigone Priore Cartusiaj edita, Basel, 1510. For Other continental collections, see De Smedt, Introductio (No. 26), 346-82. Edmund Sharpe's Architecture of the Cistercians^ London, 1874 [2 pts., 1874-76], contains the Carta Caritatis of the Cistercians, 11 19, and their statutes, 11 34. For the records and chronicles of particular religious houses, see §§ 48, 57 ; and for the modern literature, §§ 22, d, 24, -jo f>. c c 386 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv 2193. Analecta Franciscana sive chronica aliaque varia documenta ad historiam fratrum minorum spectantia. Edita a patribus coUegii S. Bonaventurse. Vols, i.-iii. Quaracchi, 1885-97. A valuable collection. Thomas of Eccleston's De adventu fratrum minorum in Angliam, i. 215-75. See No. 2201. 2194. Ancren riwle : a treatise on the rules and duties of monastic life. Edited and translated, from a semi-Saxon MS. of the thirteenth century, by James Morton. Camden Soc. [London], 1853- Throws light on the state of society and of religion in medieval England. 2195. Cartulaire general de I'ordre des hospitaliers de S. Jean de Jerusalem, 1100-1310, ed. J. Delaville Le Roulx. Vols, i.-iii., to 1300. Paris, 1894-99. For England and Ireland, see vol. i. pp. clvii.-clxvi., and many documents in the body of the work. Valuable. 2196. *Charters and records among the archives of the abbey of Cluni, 1 07 7-1 534, illustrative of the acts of some of our early kings, and all the abbey's English foundations, ed. G. F. Duckett. 2 vols- [Lewes], 1888. Before the whole edition was sold, the title was changed to Monasticon Cluniacense Anglicanum, or Charters and Records, etc. ; and this new title-page was sent to subscribers and purchasers of the work. 2197. Cistercian statutes, ed. J. T. Fowler. Yorksh. Arclueol. and Topog. Assoc, ]o\xxn2\, ix. 223-40, 338-61 ; x. 51-62, 217-33, 388-406, 502-22 ; xi. 95-127. London, i886-gi [1890]. — Also printed separately : Cistercian statutes, 1256-88. London, 1890. 2197 a. Constitutiones capituli generalis celebrati a monachis ordinis S. Benedicti provinci^e Cantuariensis in monasterio S. Andreje apud Northampton anno 1225, ed. William Dugdale, Monasticon Anglicanum, vol. i. pp. xlvi.-li. London, 1817. 2198. Documents illustrative of English history in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, ed. Henry Cole. Record Com. London, 1844 [printed, 1835]. Corrodia petita de domibus lemplari- Various petitions, etc., relating to the orum, 1307-13, pp. 139-230. church in the 13th century, 351-70. For other documents concerning the templars, see No. 613. ^ 56] The Church 3S7 2199. Knights hospitallers in England, being the report of Prior Philip de Thame to the grand master Elyan de Villanova for a.d, 1338, ed. L. B. Larking. Camden Soc. [London], 1857. 'The work is a balance-sheet for every manor,' giving an account of the profit 4ind loss, and showing what sum was available for the general purposes of the priory and the order after all charges were deducted. 2200. List of monastic chartularies at present existing or known to have existed since the dissolution of religious houses. Collectanea Topog. et Gcfiealogica (No. 820), i. 73-79, 197-208, 399-404; ii. 102-14, 400. London, 1834-35. See also T. P. [Thomas Phillipps], Index to Cartularies now or fonnerly existing since the Dissolution of Monasteries, Middle Hill Press, 1839, pp. 46 ; Calendar and Description of the Monastic and other Chartularies in the Public Record Office, in Deputy Keeper's Reports, 1847, viii. app. ii. 135-66. Fur MS. chartularies in the British Museum and other repositories, see also Richard Sims, Handbook to the Library of the British Museum, 1854, pp. 210-20; and his Manual for the Genealogist, 1856, pp. 14-28. 2201. *Monumenta Franciscana, ed. J. S. Brewer [vol. ii. by Richard Hewlett]. Rolls Series. 2 vols. London, 185 8-8 2. Thomas of Eccleston's De adventw 1 mate friend of Simon de Montfort. fratrum minorum in Angliam, i. Prima fundatio fratrum rainorum Lon- I-72, ii. 7-28 : a valuable contem- porary account of the histoiy of the Franciscans in England, A.D. 1224- 50 ; probably not completed before 1260. See No. 2193 ; and A. G. Little, The Missing Manuscript of Eccleston's Chronicle, in English Historical Review, 1S90, v. 754-9. Epistolte Adre de Marisco [d. circa 1257), i. 77-489. He was an inti- doniar, 1224-1351, i. 493-543- Dispute between the P'ranciscans and the monks of Westminster, 1290, ii. 31-62. The rule of St. Francis, ii. 65-7S. Statutes of Franciscans, 1451, ii. Si- 119. Chronicle of the grey friars, London, 1 189-1556, ii. 143-260. See No. 1740. The preface to vol. i. contains an excellent account of the Franciscans. 2202. QuETiF, J.\CQUES, et EcHARi), JACQUES. Scriptorcs ordinis prredicatorum recensiti. 2 vols. Paris, 1719-21. Gives an account of their works. 2203. Visitations of English Cluniac foundations in 1262, 1275-76, and 1279. Translated by G. F. Duckett. London, 1890, PP- 52. Translation only. c c 2 388 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv 2204. ^'isitations and chapters-general of the order of Cluni in respect of the province of Germany, 1269-15 29, with notices of early Cluniac foundations in Poland and England, ed. G. F. Duckett. London, 1893. Visitations of England, 1259-1317, pp. 207-317. 2205. Wadding, Luke. Scriptores ordinis minorum. Rome,. 1650. — Another edition, with a supplement by J. H. Sbaralea, 2- vols., Rome, 1806. Contains an account of their ssorks. b. TAXATION ROLLS, ETC. See Nonarum Liquisitiones and other subsidy rolls, in § 50/ 2206. Calendar of documents relating to Ireland, 1302-1307, ed, H. S. Sweetman. Rolls Series. London, 1886. Taxation of the Irish dioceses, 1302-1306, pp. 202-323. For the portions- concerning Down. Connor, and Dromore, see also No. 2207. 2207. Ecclesiastical antiquities of Down, Connor, and Dromore, consisting of a taxation of those dioceses in 1306, ed. William Reeves. Dublin, 1847. Latin text, with a translation ; also an elaborate appendix of documents and notes. Valuable. See No. 2206. 2208. Mely, Fernand de, et Bishop, Edmund. Bibliographic generale des inventaires imprimes. Vols, i.-ii. pts. i.-ii. Paris^ 1892-95. England, i. 136-335, ii. 33S-70. These lists contain chiefly inventories of moveables belonging 10 churches printed in county histories and elsewhere. 2209. Registrum vulgariter nuncupatum ' The record of Caer- narvon.' Record Com. [London], 1838. Taxation of the clergy of the diocese of Bangor (undated), together with a survey of the temporalities of that see, 22 Richard II., 226-37. 2210. Subsidy collected from the clergy of Sussex, 3 Rich- ard IL, 1380. By W. H. Blaauw. Sussex Archceol. Soc., Collections, V. 229-43. London, 1852. Translation only. 221 1. *Taxatio ecclesiastica Angliae et Wallije auctoritate Nicolai I\'. Record Com. [London], 1802. In 1288 Pope Nicholas IV. granted the tenth of the revenue of the clergy to Edward I for six years, to defray the expenses of a crusade ; and the king § 56] The Church 389 •ordered a new valuation of all ecclesiastical benefices in the provinces of Canter- bury and York, which was completed in 1291-92. A revised valuation for the province of York was made in 1318, and is printed with that of 1291-92 in the volume published by the Record Commission. All taxes payable by the English clerg}' to kings or popes were regulated by the Taxatio Ecclesiastica, until the survey called Yalor Ecclesiasticus was made in 26 Henry VIH. 2212. Taxation of the diocese of Ossory by Bishop Richard Lederede circa 1320. Hist. MSS. Commission, Reports, x. pt. v. 234-42. London, 1S85. c. PONTIFICALS, HOMILIES, GILDS, ETC. 2213. Ancient liturgy (The) of the church of England, according to the uses of Sarum, Bangor, York, and Hereford, arranged in parallel columns, ed. William Maskell. London, 1844. 3rd edition, Oxford, 1882. For other works of this nature, see A List of Printed Service Books according to the Ancient Uses of the Anglican Church [by F. H. Dickinson], London, 1850, pp. 30 ; and No. 2494. 2214. *English gilds : the original ordinances of more than one hundred English gilds, together with the old usages of the city of Winchester [fourteenth century], the ordinances of Worcester [1467], etc. By J. T. Smith, ed. L. T. Smith ; and a preliminary essay by Lujo Brentano. Early English Text Soc. London, etc., 1870. Mainly returns, English and Latin, made to the royal council in the winter of 1388-S9 by the masters and wardens of brotherhoods, mysteries, and crafts. This collection is the principal source for the study of social-religious gilds. Brentano's brilliant essay is unreliable. See No. 818. 2215. Liber pontificalis of Edmund Lacy, bishop of Exeter, a MS. of the fourteenth century, ed. Ralph Barnes. Exeter, 1847. For various MS. pontificals, see Liber Pontificalis Chr[istopheri] Bainbridge Archiepiscopi Eboracensis, ed. W. G. Henderson (Surtees Soc, 1875), pp. ix.- xliv. ; and No. 1423. 2216. Liber regalis seu ordo consecrandi regem, etc. Roxburglie Cliib. London, 1870. The date of the MS. is about 1350-80. 2217. Old Enghsh homilies and homiletic treatises of the twelfth and thirteeenth centuries, ed. Richard jNIorris. Early English Text Soc. 2 pts. London, 1868. — 2nd series : Old English homiUes of the twelfth century, ed. Richard Morris, Early English Text Soc. London, 1873. 390 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [pakt iv 2218. Passions and homilies from Leabhar breac, ed. Robert Atkinson. Royal Irish Acadony. Dublin, etc., 1887. Iri>h text, with a translation. d. VITiE, EPISTOLiE, ET OPERA. The general collections of lives of prelates and saints, those of Wharton, Mabillon, the Bollandists, etc., are examined in § 16, and the modern biographies in § 70 c. See also \\'illiam of Malmes- bury, Gesta Pontificum (No. 1444); the letter-books of the abbey of Ramsey, 1285-1332 (No. 1357) ; the Registra S, Albani (No. 2407) ; the letters of Adam of Marsh (No. 2201) ; and, for letters of kings, etc., §§ 53) 57- The episcopal registers, in § 57, contain many ' epistols.'' Some of the poems in § 58 a throw light on the condition of the church. For other editions of the works mentioned below (Nos. 2224-66), see Potthast's Bibliotheca. General. 2219. Christ church letters ; a volume of medieval letters relating to the affairs of the priory of Christ church, Canterbury [1334-circa 1539], ed. J. B. Sheppard. Camden Soc. [Loiidon], 1877. — Liters Cantuarienses : the letter-books of the monastery of Christ church, Canterbury, ed. J. B. Sheppard. Rolls Series. 2 vols. London, 18S7-89. These two volumes include — besides ' epistolce ' — many ordinances, indentures, and other documents relating to the history of the monastery, mainly from 1296- to 1536. 2220. Chronicles and memorials of the reign of Richard L, ed. William Stubbs. Rolls Series. 2 vols. London, 1864-65. Vol. ii. Epistolae Cantuarienses : the letters of the prior and convent of Christ church, Canterbury, a.d. 1187-99. They relate to the dispute which arose from the attempts of Archbishops Baldwin and Hubert to found a college of secular canons at Canterbury. 2221. Fasciculus rerum expetendarum et fugiendarum, prout Orthuino Gratio editus est Colonias a.d. 1535 in concilii tunc indi- cendi usum et admonitionem ; una cum appendice sive tomo ii. scriptorum veterum qui ecclesise Romance errores et abusus detegunt et damnant, ed. Edward Brown. 2 vols. London, 1690. § 56] The Church 391 Wilhelmus Wodfordas adversus Johan- ' Joannem XXH., ii. 436-65. nem Wiclefum, i. 190-265. I Defensoriuni curatorum [of Richard Articuli Johannis Wiclefi in concilio j Fitzralph, archbishop of Armagh, Constantiensi damnati, i. 266-95. I directed against the friars, A. d. 1357], Sermons, letters, etc. of Robert Grosse- 1 ii. 466-87. teste, ii. 250-415. i Proceedings against English heretics, Defensorium \Yilhelmi Ockam contra 1 etc., 142S, ii. 618-30. 2222. Historians of the church of York and its archbishops, ed. James Raine. Rolls Series. 3 vols. London, 1879-94. For the portion relating to the Anglo-Saxon period, see No. 1441. The most important biography in vol. ii. is the history of four archbishops of York, Thomas I., Gerard, Thomas H., and Thurstan, a.d. 1070-I127 (with additions to 1 153), by Hugh the Chantor, or Hugh Sottovagina, precentor of York: a valuable account of the controversy between the archbishops of Canterbury and York, told by an eye-witness. Vol. ii. also contains a letter of Archbishop Ralph to the pope, 11 19, concerning the same controversy; anonymous lives of Archbishops Thurstan and William Fitzherbert ; several papers relating to Arch- bishop Scrope and his execution in 1405 ; Chronica Pontificum Ecclesias Ebora- censis, a.d. 601-1519, the part from 1147 to 1373 by Thomas Stubbs, a writer of the 14th century, etc. Vol. iii. is a collection of letters, wills, and other docu- ments, from 930 to 1522 ; they are connected with the history of the northern bishoprics, and are taken from the registers of the archbishops of York, etc. 2223. Historical papers and letters from the northern registers, ed. James Raine. Rolls Series. London, 1873. Contains many letters of the archbishops of York and of the bishops of Durham and Carlisle, A.D. 1265-1415. Alexander III. [d. 1181). 2224. Alexandri HL Romani pontificis Opera omnia, id est epistolae et privilegia, in Migne's Patrologia, vol. cc. Paris, 1855. Many of the letters relate to England, especially to the conflict bet\\een Becket and Henr}- H. See No. 2229. Anselm ((/. 1109). See No. 586; and, for modern biographies, Nos. 3107-16. 2225. *Eadmeri Historia novorum in Anglia, et Opuscula duo de vita S. Anselmi, ed. Martin Rule. Rolls Series. London, 1884. Eadmer's De vita et conversatione Anselmi, 305-424. This is the best life of Anselm, but there is also much information concerning him in Eadmer's His- toria Novorum. Both works are valuable for the study of the investiture struggle. Eadmer was Anselm's confidential adviser. See No. 176S. 392 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv 2226. S. Anselmi Opera omnia, ed. Gabriel Gerberon. Paris, 1675; 2nd edition, 1721; reprinted, 2 vols., Venice, 1744. — Also in Migne's Patrologia, vols, clviii.-clix. Paris, 1853-54, Eadmer's Vita S. Anselmi, clviii. 49-I18. Epistolae Anselmi (concerning the investiture struggle, etc.), clix. 9-272. Bacon, Roger ((/. 1294). See Emile Charles, Roger Bacon, sa Vie, ses Ouvrages, ses Doc- trines (Paris, 1861) ; Dictionary of National Biography, 1885, ii. 374-8. Bacon is a personage of great importance in the history of medieval thought. 2227. Fr. Rogeri Bacon Opera quaedam hactenus inedita, ed. J. S. Brewer. Vol. i., containing Opus tertium. Opus minus, and Compendium philosophise [with a valuable preface]. Rolls Series. London, 1859. In his Compendium, written in 127 1, Bacon assails the monks and secular clergy. 2228. The Opus majus of Roger Bacon, ed. J. H. Bridges. 2 vols. Oxford, 1897. Written in 1266-67. Becket {d. 1170). Garnier's Vie and nine biographies in Robertson's collection are contemporary works, written soon after Becket's death (before the end of Henry II. 's reign); and several of the biographers were inti- mate friends of Becket or had been in close contact with him. See Robertson's prefaces ; Hardy, Catalogue of Materials, ii. 309-88 ; W. H. Hutton, S. Thomas of Canterbury (a collection of extracts from contemporary writers, London, 1889), 271-80; and No. 2230. For modern biographies, see Nos. 3117-28. 2229. *Materials for the history of Thomas Becket, ed. J. C. Robertson. Rolls Series. 7 vols. London, 1875-85. Vol. i. Vita S. Thomse auctore Willel- 1 The Quadrilogus is a coinposite life mo monacho Cantuariensi. Vol. ii. Lives of Becket, by Benedict of Peterborough, John of Salisbury, Alan of Tewkesbury, and Edward Grim. Vol. iii. Lives of Becket, l)y William Fitzstephen and Herbert of Bosham. See No. 2235. Vol. iv. Two contemporary anonymous lives of Becket, and the Quadrilogus. One of the anonymous lives was for- merly ascribed to Roger of Pontigny. drawn from earlier biographers. It exists in two forms : one was written in 1 198-99 by a monk of Evesham ; the other is of later date. Vols, v.-vii. Letters written to or by Becket or relating to him. Among these are letters from Henry II., Alexander III., John of Salisbury, Gilbert Foliot, Arnulf of Lisieux, Herbert of Bosham, and Peter of Blois. § 56] The Church 393 This collection of lives and letters has superseded the older one by J. A. Giles in his Patres Ecclesiac (No. 583). 2230. Thomas Saga Erkibyskups : a life of Becket in Icelandic, with English translation, ed. Eiri'kr Magniisson. Rolls Series. 2 vols. London, 1875-83. There was a Thomas Saga in Iceland in the 13th century, but the saga as it has come down to us was probably written by Arngrim, abbot of Thingeyrar, who died in 1362. It was compiled mainly from Benedict's work (No. 2229) and from a contemporary life of Becket by Robert of Cricklade. It contains some details which are not found in the other extant biographies. Magnusson, in vol. ii., has carefully investigated the chronological order of the contemporary lives of Becket. 2231. Vie de Saint Thomas. Par Gamier de Pont Sainte Maxence, ed. Celestin Hippeau. Paris, 1859. A valuable French poem, completed in 11 76. See Eugene Etienne, La Vie de St. Thomas composee par Gamier (Paris, 1883). Beckington, Thomas [d. 1465). He was bishop of Bath and Wells, and was often employed by Henry VI. on diplomatic missions. See G. G. Perry, Bishop Beckington and Henry VL, in English Historical Review, 1894, ix. 261-74. 2232. A journal by one of the suite of Thomas Beckington, during an embassy to negotiate a marriage between Henry VI. and a daughter of the count of Armagnac, a.d. 1442, ed. N. H. Nicolas. London, 1828. Translation only. The Latin text is printed in the Official Correspondence of Beckington (No. 2106), ii. 177-248. A French translation, with notes, by Gustave Brunet was published in the Indicateur of Bordeaux in 1842, under the title Journal d'un Ambassadeur Anglais a Bordeaux en 1442. Beckington wrote in Latin a journal of his mission to Calais, 1439, which is printed in Proceedings of the Privy Council, ed. N. H. Nicolas (London, 1835), v. 334-407. 2233. Letters of Queen Margaret of Anjou and Bishop Beckington and others, written in the reigns of Henry V. and Henry VI., ed. Cecil Monro. Camden Soc. [London], 1863. For a more valuable collection of Beckington's letters, see No. 2106. Blois, Peter of (d. circa 1204). He was secretary of the archbishop of Canterbury, and was in great favour at the court of Henry II. 394 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv 2234. Petri Blesensis Bathoniensis archidiaconi Opera omnia, ed. J. A. Giles, Patres Ecclesiae (No. 583). 4 vols. Oxford, 1846-47. — Also in Migne's Patrologia, vol. ccvii. Paris, 1855. Vols, i.-ii. Epistolx. Written mainly I169-1202; many of them relate to English affairs. See No. 2229. Vol. iii. Opuscula : Dialogus inter Henricum II. et abbatem Bonseval- lensem, etc. Vol. iv. Sermones, etc. Bosham, Herbert of (/. 1162-86). 2235. Herberti de Boseham S. Thomse Cant, clerici a secretis Opera omnia, ed. J. A. Giles, Patres Ecclesiae (No. 583). 2 vols. Oxford, 1845-46. — Also in Migne's Patrologia, cxc. 1070-1474. Paris, 1854. Contains Vita S. Thomse (valuable), Liber Melorum, Epistolae, etc. The Liber Melorum, which is mainly a comparison between the sufferings of Becket and Christ, is of little historical value. For the Vita S. Thomse, written 1184- 86, see No. 2229. Herbert was a member of Becket's household. Bozon, Nicole. 2236. Les contes moralises de Nicole Bozon, frere mineur, ed. L. T. Smith et Paul Meyer. Soci'ete des Aiiciens Tcxtes Francais. Paris, 1889. A collection of stories used in sermons ; written in Anglo-French about 1320. The writer assails prelates and others in high places, and exhibits sympathy for the lower classes. ' II n'y a pas, dans toute la litterature anglo-normande, un second ouvrage qui puisse nous donner une idde aussi complete de ce qu'etait en Angleterre et au commencement du xiv^ siecle la predication populaire.' Bromyard, John of [Jl 1390). 2237. [Johannis de Bromyard Summa praedicantium.] Nurem- berg, 1485 ; without title-page. Another edition, 2 pts., Venice, 1586. Contains matters suitable for use in preaching, arranged alphabetically under topics. John was a Dominican who denounced WycHf s doctrines. Chartres, Ivo of [d. circa 11 16). 2238. S. Ivonis Carnotensis episcopi Epistolae, in Migne's Patrologia, clxii. 10-296. Paris, 1854. — Translated by Lucien Merlet : Lettres de S. Ives, eveque de Chartres. Chartres, 1885. Many of these letters are addressed to persons in England. Dervy, Walter of. 2239. Walteri abbatis Dervensis Epistolse, ed. C. Messiter. Caxto/i Soc. London, 1850. The editor of the volume says that Walter was ' the abbat of Dervy, or § 56] The Church 395 Montier-en-Der, a monastery in the diocese of Catalaunia, in France." Among Walter's correspondents were Beclcet and John of Salisbury. Foliot, Gilbert [d. 11S7). 2240. Gilbert! episcopi primum Herefordiensis deinde London- iensis Epistolje [1139-89], ed. J. A. Giles, Patres Ecclesise (No. 5S3). 2 vols. Oxford, 1845. — Also in Migne's Patrologia, cxc. 739-1068. Paris, 1854. Foliot was a bitter opponent of Beckel. See No. 2229. Gascoigne, Thomas [d. 1458). 2241. Loci e libro veritatum : passages selected from Gascoigne's Theological Dictionary illustrating the condition of church and state, 1403-58, ed. J. E. T. Rogers. Oxford, 1881. Combats evils in the church, assailing the clergy for neglecting their duties ; and gives information regarding tlie university of Oxford. A valuable work, badly edited. Giraldus Cambrensis [d. circa 1220). See No. 1782. 2242. *Giraldi Cambrensis Opera, ed. J. S. Brewer, J. F. Dimock, and G. F. Warner. J^oHs Series. 8 vols. London, 1 861 -91. Vol. i. De Rebus a se Gestis ; Invec- tionum Libellus ; Syml^olum Elec- torum. These works give many details regarding the author's life. The Symbolum Electorum is made up chiefly of his letters and poems. Vol. ii. Gemma Ecclesiastica. Inter- prets disputed points of doctrine, gives regulations regarding services, etc., throwing light on the manners of the age and on the condition of morality and religion in certain dis- tricts of England and Wales. Vol. iii. De Invectionibus ; De Mene- vensi Ecclesia Dialogus ; Vita S. David. The first two works contain various details regarding Gerald's life. Vol. iv. Speculum Ecclesioe (mainly an attack on the monastic bodies) ; De Vita Galfridi Archiepiscopi Ebor', (/. 1 21 2 (containing some useful details regarding the reigns of Henry II. and Richard I.). Vol. V. Topographia Hibernica ; Ex- pugnatio Hibernica. See No. 1782. Vol. vi. Itinerarium Kambrice ; De- scriptio Kambrise. See No. 1782. Vol. vii. Vita S. Remigii (an untrust- worthy history of the bishops of Lin- coln, 1067-1200) ; Vita S. Hugonis. This life of Hugh, bishop of Lincoln, I186-1200, is trustworthy, but con- tains little that is new. Vol. viii. De Principis Instructione Liber. Translated by Joseph Steven- son, Church Historians of England (London, 1858), vol. v. pt. i. Completed about 1217. It is directed against the princes of Gerald's own time, especially against Henry II. and his sons, and contains many references to the affairs of Henry II. 's reign. See No. 540. 396 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [past iy Grosseteste, Robert (', at Exeter. Collectanea Topog. et Genealogica (No. 820), i. 60-65, iS4~9> 250-54, 374-88. London, 1834. They cover the period William I. -Henry VI. 2319. The use of Exeter cathedral : abstract of chapter acts and other documents illustrating the history of the church and diocese of Exeter, 1380-1660. By Herbert [E.] Reynolds. London, 1891. pp. 89. Devon : Plympton, Tavistock, etc. 2320. Calendar of the Tavistock parish records. By R. N. Worth. [Plymouth], 1887. Contains extracts from churchwardens' accounts, 1385- 1725 ; deeds, 1287- 1742, etc. 2321. Original documents [relating to royal silver mines in Devon, temp. Edw. I.], ed. Edward Smirke. Royal ArchcBol. Insti- tute of Great Britain, Archaeol. Journal, xxvii. 129-33, 314-22. London, 1870. 2322. Plympton: the borough and its charters [i 242-1 790]. By J. B. Rowe. Devon Assoc, for Advance?ne?it of Science^ etc.. Trans., xix. 555-648. Plymouth, 1887. 2323. tRecords of the borough of South Molton, ed. John Cock. Exeter, 1893. §57] Local Records and Local Annals 411 Dorset : Shaftesbury, Weymouth, etc. 2324. Court roll of Shaftesbury abbey, 1453 [ed. C. H. Mayo]. Notes and Queries for Somerset a?id Dojset, i. 201-3, ^i- 34~36) 116- 19, 244-6. Sherborne, 1890-91. 2325. Descriptive catalogue of the charters, minute-books, and other documents of the borough of Weymouth and Melcombe Regis, 1252-1800, with extracts. By H. J. Moule. Weymouth, 1883. 2326. Dorset records : indexes, calendars, and abstracts of records. By E. A. Fry and G. S. Fry. Nos. i.-xii. London, etc., 1894-99. With the exception of the feet of fines (No. 2059), the records thus far inchided in this series are posterior to 1485. 2327. The municipal records of the borough of Shaftesbury. [Half-title: Shastonian records.] By C. H. Mayo. Sherborne, 1889. pp. 87. A calendar of the records, with extracts. e. DURHAM. Barnard Castle and Coldinghara. 2328. tCharters granted to the burgesses of Barnard Castle. G. Allan's Darlington Press, n.d. 2329. The correspondence, inventories, account rolls, and law proceedings of the priory of Coldingham [12 14-1478, ed. James Raine]. Surtees Soc. London, etc., [1841]. This prior}' was subordinate to the church of Diuham. Durham : City and Diocese. For the history of the church of Durham, see p. 217 and No. 1767 ; for the valuable survey called Boldon Book, No. 1898. 2330. Account roll of a fifteenth-century iron master, ed. G. T. Lapsley. Etiglish Hist. Reviezv, xiv. 509-29. London, 1899. An account rendered to the bishop of Durham by John Dalton, keeper of a forge, 1408-9. 2331. *Bishop Hatfield's survey : a record of the possessions of the see of Durham, ed. ^^^illiam Greenwell. Surtees Soc. Durham, etc., 1857. The survey, pp. 1-199, was compiled a.d. 1377-82 ; it gives a full list of all 412 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv the tenants, with the amount of land which they held and the services belonging to each manor. The appendix, pp. 200-275, contains bailiffs' rolls of various palatine manors, temp. Edw. III., and a receiver's roll of Bishop Fordham, temp. Rich. II. 2332. Codicum MSS. ecclesiae cathedralis Dunelmensis catalogus. By Thomas Rud. Durham, 1825. 2333. Depcsitions and other ecclesiastical proceedings from the courts of Durham, 131 1 to the reign of Elizabeth [ed. James Raine]. Sicrtees Soc. Durham, etc., [1845]. 2334. Dialogi Laurentii Dunelmensis monachi ac prioris [ed. James Raine]. Surtees Soc. Durham, etc., 1880. pp. 92. A Latin poem, written 1144-49, dealing with William Cumin's attempt to succeed Geoffrey Rufus [d. 1 140) as bishop of Durham. 2335. Durham records : calendar of the cursitors' records : chancery enrolments [1333- 1483]. Depiity Keeper's Reports, xxxi. 42-168, xxxii. app. i. 264-330, xxxiii. 43-210, xxxiv. 163-264, xxxv. 76-156. London, 1870-74. Continued to 161 7 in reports xxxvi., xxxvii., xl. 2336. . Cursitors' records : inquisitions post mortem, etc. [from the fourteenth to the seventeenth century]. Ibid., xliv. 310- 542, xlv. app. i. 153-282. London, 1883-85. 2337. • Indexes to persons and places in Kellawe's Register [No. 2346]. Ibid., XXX. 99-120. London, 1869. 2338. . Inventory and lists of documents transferred from the county palatine of Durham pursuant to warrant dated 1 7 Nov., 1868. Ibid., XXX. 44-98. London, 1869. 2339. • Report of T. D. Hardy on the Durham records. Ibid., xvi. 44-93, xxix. 104-12. London, 1855-68. On these records, see also Lapsley, County Palatine of Durham (No. 893), app. iii. 2340. Extracts from the account rolls of the abbey of Durham [ed. J. T. Fowler]. Surtees Soc. 2 vols. Durham, etc., 1898-99. Vol. i. contains rotuli celerariorum, 1307-1535 ; hostillariorum, 1303-1529; camerariorum, 1324-1533 ; elemosinariorum, 1312-1527 ; magistrorum infirmarise, 1352-1535. Vol. ii. contains rotuli communiariorum, 1416-1535; terrariorum, 1401-1513 ; and the rolls of various other monastic officers, 1278-1538. Valuable. §57] Local Records and Local Annals 413 2341. *Feodarium prioratus Dunelmensis [ed. William Green- well]. Surtees Soc. Durham, etc., 1872. Feodarium, I -92 : a rental of freehold estates, compiled in 1430. Inventarium prioratus Dunelmensis, 98-211 : an inventory of lands and moveables, 1 464. Le convenit, 212-17: an agreement between the bishop and the prior of Durham, in 1229. Attestaciones testium, 220-301 : con- cerning a dispute between the bishop and the convent, circa 1225. 2342. Halmota prioratus Dunelmensis : extracts from the hal- mote court or manor rolls of the prior and convent of Durham, 1 296-1 384 [ed. W. H. D. Longstaffe and John Booth]. Surfees Soc. Durham, etc., 1S89. Valuable. 2343. *Histori£e Dunelmensis scriptores tres, Gaufridus de Coldingham, Robertus de Graystanes, et Willelmus de Chambre [ed. James Raine]. Surtees Soc. London, etc., [1839]. intrigue from taking possession of the see. His chronicle devotes some attention to public affairs, and is more valuable than the other two. Chambre's Continuatio historiae Dun- elmensis, 1336-1571, pp. 125-56 : a somewhat meagre collection of historical notes, the earlier part of which may have been written by a William de Chambre who received a corrody from the prior and con- vent of Durham in 1365. Liber Gaufridi de Coldingham de statu ecclesii^ Dunelmensis, 1152-1214, pp. I -3 1. The author was sacrist of the priory of Coldingham, a cell of the priory of Durham, and seems to have flourished early in the 13th century. His chronicle devotes some attention to the public affairs of the kingdom. Graystanes's Historia de statu ecclesice Dunelmensis, 1214-1336, pp. 33- 123. The author, a monk of Dur- ham, was elected bishop of Durham in 1333, but was prevented by These three chronicles are inaccurately printed in Wharton's Anglia Sacra (No. 600), i. 718-84. Raine's edition has an elaborate and valuable appendix of charters, letters, papal bulls, etc., illustrating the history of the convent and see of Durham. 2344. Memorials of St. Giles's, Durham, with documents relating to the hospitals of Kepier and St. Mary Magdalene [ed. James Barmby]. Surtees Soc. Durham, etc., 1896. Documents relating to the two hospitals, 1112-1554, pj). 192-247. 2345. Obituary roll of William Ebchester and John Burnby, priors of Durham [1446-68, ed. James Raine]. Surtees Soc Durham, etc., 1856. 414 A.D. 1 066-1485 : Original Sources [paet iv 2346. *Regtstrum palatinum Dunelmense : the register of Richard de Kellawe, bishop of Durham, 1311-16, ed. T. D.Hardy. Ralls Series. 4 vols. London, 1873-78. — Indexes: No. 2337. Vol. iii. includes various documents, 1279-1345 ; Bishop Bury's register, 1338-45 ; and part of the register of William Legat, 1342-74. Vol. iv. contains additions from plea rolls, letters patent and close, and other public records, with excerpts (mainly 1312-45) from the letter-book of Bishop Bury. These four volumes are of great value for the history of the palatinate of Durham. For extracts from registers of Durham, see No. 2223. 2347. Sanctuarium Dunelmense et sanctuarium Beverlacense [ed James Raine]. Surtees Soc. London, [1837]. Contains registers of persons who sought sanctuary in Durham cathedral, 1494-1524, and in the church of St. John, Beverley, 1478-1539. 2348. Wills and inventories illustrative of the history, manners, language, etc., of the northern counties of England, from the eleventh century downwards [ed. James Raine ; pt. ii. by ^^^i^iam Greenwell]. 2 pts. Surtees Soc. London, etc., [i835]-6o. Those dating before 1500 (i. r-104) relate mainly to the counties of Durham and Northumberland. Finchale and Jarrow. 2349. Charters of endowment, inventories, and account rolls of the priory of Finchale [circa 1 143-1535, ed. James Raine]. Surtees Soc. London, [1837]. 2350. Collections respecting the monastery of Jarrow, ed. John Hodgson. Collectanea Topog. et Genealogica (No. 820), i, 66-73. London, 1834. Accounts of the manor of Wardley, A. D. 1376-79, etc. 2351. Inventories and account rolls of the Benedictine houses or cells of Jarrow and Monk-Wearmouth [1303-1537, ed. James Raine]. Surtees Soc. Durham, etc., [1854]. Gateshead, Gretham, and Sherburn. 2352. tCollections relating to St. Edmund's hospital at Gates- heved, with several charters, etc., concerning the town and church [1247-1610]. G. Allan's Darlington Press, 1769. pp. 56. 2353. Collections relating to Sherburn hospital. Darlington Press, 1 77 1. Statutes, charters, etc., A.u. 1181-1748. §57] Local Records and Local Annals 415 2354. Collections relating to the hospital at Gretham. Darling- ton Press, [1770]. Statutes, charters, etc., A.D. 1272-1610. f. ESSEX. See No. 2688. 2355. Ancient wills [13 7 7- 165 8], ed. H. W. King. Essex Archceol. Soc, Trans., i. 149-60; iii. 53-63, 74-94, 167-97; iv- i- 24, 147-82 ; V. 281-93 : new series, i. 142-52, 165-78 ; ii. 55-70? 359-76; iii. 230-37, 287-303. Colchester, 1858-89. 2356. Ashen charters [13 Edward I.-20 Henry VI.]. East Ang/ian, ne^\ series, iii. 221-3, 291-4, 305-7, 321-3, 3S7-90 ; iv. 87-89,213-15, 290-93, 330-32 ; V. 11-13, 58-61, 82-S4, 108-9. Ipswich, etc., i889-[94]. They relate to lands in Ashen. 2357* Calendar of the court rolls of the borough of Colchester [4 Edward II.-2 Charles II.]. By Henry Harrod. Colchester, [1865]. pp. 88. 2358. . Repertory of the records and evidences of the borough of Colchester. By Henry Harrod. Colchester, [1865]. pp. 40. 2359. • Report on the records of the borough of Colchester. By Henry Harrod. Colchester, [1865]. pp. 49. 2360. Cartularium monasterii S. Johannis Baptiste de Cole- cestria, ed. S. A. INIoore. Roxbtirghe Chib. 2 vols. London, 1897. Valuable. 2361. tConstitutions of the burgh of Colchester [Richard II.- 1808], ed. B. Strutt. [Colchester], 1822. 2362. Custumal, a.d. 1298, of the manor of Wykes, hundred of Tendring, ed, A. J. H[orwood]. Essex Archceol. Soc, Trans., new series, i. 109-15. Colchester, 1878 [1875]. 2363. Extenta manerii de Borle [Borley], i Edward II., ed. W. Cunningham, Growth of English Industry and Commerce, 3rd edition, i. 576-84. Cambridge, 1S96. 4i6 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv 2364. Foundation of Waltham abbey : the tract De inventione sanctse crucis nostrse in Monte Acuto [Montacute, Somerset] et de ductione ejusdem apud Waltham, ed. William Stubbs. Oxford, etc., 1861. pp. 60. — Imperfect editions, by Francisque Michel, 1836, and J. A. Giles, 1854: Nos. 590, 1443. This anonymous tract was written in the last quarter of the 12th century. It devotes some attention to the career of King Harold and to public events, but it deals mainly with the history of the collegiate church of Waltham, from the time of its foundation by Harold to the year 1177, when the secular canons were re- placed by regulars. Stubbs, pp. 50-56, adds some charters, 1096-I144. 2365. Historical notes on some of the ancient manuscripts [char- tularies, etc.] formerly belonging to the monastic library of Waltham Holy Cross. By Willian:i Winters. Royal Hist. Soc, Trans., vi. 203-66, London, 1877. For some charters relating to the estates of Waltham at Arlesey, Bedfordshire, see Collectanea Topographica et Genealogica (No. 820), 1840, vi. 196-236. 2366. Inventory of goods belonging to Thomas, duke of Glou- cester, seized in his castle at Pleshy, Essex, 1397, with their values, as shown in the escheators' accounts, ed. Viscount Dillon and W. H. St. John Hope. Royal Archccol. Institute of Great Brifaift, Archffiol. Journal, liv. 275-308. London, 1897. 2367. Manor of Barrington's Fee. East Anglian., new series, v. 186-9, 198-200, 232-3, 261. Ipswich, etc., [1894]. The Latin text of a rental, 1446, printed in full. 2368. Records relating to Hadleigh castle. By J. A. Sparvel- Bayly. Essex Archctol. Soc, Trans., new series, i. 86-108, 187-91. Colchester, 1878 [1875-76]. Abstracts of letters patent and close, ministers' accounts, etc., 1 227-1544. g. GLOUCESTERSHIRE. See Nos. 905, 1694. Berkeley Castle. 2369. Descriptive catalogue of the charters and muniments in the possession of Lord Fitzhardinge at Berkeley castle. By L H. Jeayes. Bristol, 1892. Contains abstracts of charters, wills, manorial rolls, etc. § 57] Local Records and Local Annals 417 Bristol. See No. 1953. 2370. Bristol town duties [customs, tolls, etc.] : a collection of documents, ed. Henry Bush. Bristol, 1828. Most of the documents are of the 14th, 15th, and i6th centuries. 2371. Calendar of deeds, chiefly relating to Bristol [circa 1207- 1701], collected by G. W. Braikenridge. By F. B. Bickley. Edin- burgh, 1899. 2372. Catalogue of MSS. in the British Museum relating to the county of Gloucester and the city of Bristol. By F. A. Hyett. Bristol and Glouc. Archaol. Soc, Trans., xx. 1 61-221. Bristol, [1897]. 2373. Charters and letters patent granted by the kings of England to the city of Bristol, ed. Samuel Seyer. Bristol, 18 12. Latin, with a translation. See also The City Charters, Bristol, 1736; 2nd edition, 1792. 2374. Little red book of Bristol, ed. F. B. Bickley. In prepara- tion. 2375. Maire (The) of Bristowe is kalendar. By Robert Ricart, ed. L. T. Smith. Camden Soc. [London], 1872. Ricart was elected town clerk of Bristol in 1479, and held the office at least twenty-seven years. The first three parts of the Kalendar contain brief historical notes concerning England and Bristol ; the other three parts contain local customs and laws. Extracts are also printed in Smith's English Gilds (No. 2214), 4I3-3I- 2376. Notes on the accounts of the churchwardens of the parish of St. Ewen's, Bristol [with extracts, 1455-1553], ed. John Maclean. Bristol and Gloiic. Archceol. Soc, Trans., xv. 139-82, 254-96. Bristol, [1891]. 2377- Notes or abstracts of the wills contained in the volume entitled The great orphan book and book of wills, in the council house at Bristol [1381-1605]. By T. P. Wadley. Bristol and Glouc. Arc/ueol. Soc. Bristol, 1886 [1882-86]. 2378. . A calendar of wills proved in the court of the bishop of Bristol, 1572-1792, and a calendar of wills in the great orphan books preserved in the council house, Bristol, 13 79- 1674. By E. A. Fry. British Record Soc, Index Library. London, 1897. E E 4i8 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [pabt iv 2379. Some account of the ancient fraternity of merchant tailors of Bristol, with transcripts of ordinances and other documents [1392- 1832J. By F. F. Fox. Bristol, t88o. Cirencester, Dene, and Flaxley. 2380. Cartulary and historical notes of the Cistercian abbey of Flaxley, ed. A. W. Crawley-Boevey. Exeter, 1887. Valuable. This edition has superseded the Cartularium de Flaxley [ed. Thomas Phillipps, Middle Hill Press, 1866], pp. 7. 2381. Perambulation of the forest of Dene, 10 Edward I., ed. John Maclean. Bristol and Glouc. Archceol. Soc, Trans., xiv. 356-69. Bristol, [1890]. Another perambulation, circa 1340 (translation), by John Maclean, ibid., xv. 304-6. 2382. Tenures of land by the customary tenants in Cirencester. By E. A. Fuller. Ibid., ii. 285-319. Bristol, [1878]. Contains some valuable manorial inquisitions, etc., a.d. 1086- 1 5 40. Gloucester. 2383. Calendar of records of the corporation of Gloucester. By W. H. Stevenson. Gloucester, 1893. Abstract of royal charters and letters, 1 155-1672, pp. 3-69. Abstract of local deeds and charters, A valuable work, well edited. 1 175-1667, pp. 70-454- Rolls, council books, etc., 1272 to the present time, pp. 455-66. 2384. *Historia et cartularium monasterii S. Petri Gloucestrise, ed. W. H. Hart. Rolls Series. 3 vols. London, 1863-67. The short chronicle which precedes the chartulary gives an account of the monastery from its foundation, A.D. 681, to the time of Abbot Froucester (d. 1412). Vols, i.-ii. contain numerous charters of the 12th and 13th centuries. There are some valuable manorial extents, 1265-67, iii. 35-213 ; and rules of unknown date concerning the management of manors, iii. 213-21. Vol. iii. also contains various judicial records. See F. Baring, Domesday and some Thirteenth-Century Surveys, in English Historical Review, 1897, xii. 285-90. 2385. Rental of all the houses in Gloucester, a.d. 1455, from a roll in the possession of the corporation of Gloucester. Compiled by Robert Cole ; edited, with a translation, by W. H. Stevenson. Gloucester, 1890. Well edited. This rental was compiled to facilitate the collection of the landgavel. § 57] Local Records and Local Annals 419 Winchcomb. 2386. Landboc sive registrum monasterii beat^e Mari^ Virginis et Sancti Cenhelmi de Winchelcumba, ed. David Royce. Vol. i., a.d. 798-1332. Exeter, 1892. A well-edited chartulary. Only three of the charters are anterior to 1 1 75. The introduction contains a good account of the history of the town. See also Cartularium Monasterii de Winchcombe, abbreviatum per Joh. Prynne, Middle Hill Press, 1854 ; List of Charters in the Winchcomb Cartularies, in Collectanea Topographica et Genealogica (No. 820), 1835, ii. 16-39; and No. 613. h. HAMPSHIRE. Andover, Crondal, and Manydown. 2387. Archives of Andover, ed. C. Collier and R. H. Clutterbuck. 2 pts. Andover, n.d. Pt. i. Churchwardens' accounts, 1470. | Pt. ii. Charters and grants. 2388. *Collection of records and documents relating to the hundred and manor of Crondal, ed. F. J. Baigent. Pt. i. Hamp- shire Record Soc. London, etc., 1891. Charters, etc., 1163-1487, pp. 12-50. i Sutton, 1351, pp. 83-141. Compotus rolls of the manors of Cron- j Court roll of the hundred of Crondal, dal and Long Sutton, 1248, pp. 51- 83, 505-12. Customal and rent rolls, Crondal, 1287, circa 1281-82, pp. 142-55. Inquests post mortem, charters, etc., 1267-1707, pp. 410-80. 2389. The manor of Manydown, ed. G. W. Kitchin. Hampshne Record Soc. London, etc., 1895. History of the manor, 1-107. Compotus and court rolls, 1300-1661, pp. 122-63. Valuable. Selborne and Southampton Rental of Hanyton, 1351, pp. 164-7. Stock book, 1390, pp. 168-70. 2390. Ancient ordinances of the gild merchant of Southampton, ed. Edward Smirke. Royal Archceol. Institute of Great Britain^ Archaeol. Journal, xvi. 283-96, 343-52. London, 1859. These valuable ordinances of the 14th century are also printed by Gross and Davies (Nos. 824, 921). 2391. Calendar of charters and documents relating to Selborne and its priory, preserved in Magdalen college. By W. D. Macray. Hampshire Record Soc. London, etc., 1891. — 2nd series, 1894. E E 2 420 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [paet iv Winchester : City and Diocese. For the Liber de Hyda and Liber Winton, see Nos. 1373, 1901 ; for annals of Winchester, Nos. 1696, 1839, and Wharton, Anglia Sacra, i. 177-326. See also No. 2214. 2392. Ancient consuetudinary of the city of Winchester [thirteenth century], ed. Edward Smirke. Royal Archceol. Institute of Great Britain^ Archaeol. Journal, ix. 69-80. London, 1852. See also Smirke, Winchester in the Thirteenth Century (' veredictum xii, juratorum Winton.'), ibid., 1850, vii. 374-83. 2393. Charter of Edward IIL confirming and enlarging the privileges of St. Giles fair, Winchester, 1349, ed. G. W. Kitchin. London, etc., 1886. Well edited. 2394. Compotus rolls of the obedientiaries of St. Swithun's priory, Winchester [1308-15 37], ed. G. W. Kitchin. Hampshire Record Soc. London, etc., 1892. Valuable. 2395. Consuetudinary of the fourteenth century for the refectory of the house of St. Swithun in Winchester, ed. G. W. Kitchin. London, etc., 1886. pp. 47. 2396. Liber vitas : register and martyrology of New Minster and Hyde abbey, Winchester, ed. W. de Gray Birch. Hampshire Record Soc. London, etc., 1892. Contains lists of English kings, bishops, saints, and benefactors of the abbey, a collection of benedictions, a few charters of the loth and nth centuries, etc. ; with an appendix of charters, letters, etc., A.D. 900-1327. 2397. *Registers of John de Sandale and Rigaud de Asserio, bishops of Winchester, 1316-23, with an appendix of illustrative documents, ed. F. J. Baigent. Hampshire Record Soc. London, etc., 1897. Contains letters, institutions, collations, royal writs, stock accounts of episcopal manors, etc. 2398. *Wykeham's register [i 366-1404], ed. T. F. Kirby. 2 vols. Hampshire Record Soc. London, etc., 1896-99. Contains institutions, ordinations, crown writs, etc. § 57] Local Records and Local Annals 421 i. HEREFORDSHIRE, HERTFORDSHIRE, AND HUNTINGDONSHIRE. See No. 931, manorial extents, H-ertfordshire ; No. 935, extracts from the chartularies of St. Neots ; No. 936, account rolls of Ramsey abbey ; No. 135 7, the chronicle of Ramsey abbey, with extracts from its letter-books; Nos. 1665, 1830, the chronicles of St. Albans abbey; No. 2770, the roll of expenses of Bishop Swinfield of Hereford. A useful Hst of MSS. relating to the history of St. Albans abbey will be found in William Page's St. Albans Cathedral and Abbey Church (London, 1898), 90-98. For Ramsey abbey, see also No. 613. 2399. *Cartularium monasterii de Rameseia, ed. W, H. Hart and P. A. Lyons. Rolls Series. 3 vols. London, 1884-93. Contains charters, inquisitions, manorial extents, surveys of knights' fees, final concords, pleas in royal courts, etc., a.d. 974-1436. The material relating to manorial history is particularly valuable. See F. Baring, Domesday and some Thirteenth-Century Surveys, in English Historical Review, 1897, xii. 285-90. 2400. Collection of ancient records relating to the borough of Huntingdon. By Edward Griffith. London, 1827. Comprises translations of extracts from the public records and the town archives, William I.-William III. 2401. Compotus roll of the manor of Anstie [Anstey, Herts], 2-3 Henry IV., ed. W. Cunningham, Growth of English Industry and Commerce, 3rd edition, i. 591-610. Cambridge, 1896. 2402. Early records of the duke of Manchester's English manorial estates. By C. G. Boxall. London, 1892. pp. 84. Contains translations of charters, pleadings, inquisitions, etc. , relating to St, Ives, Houghton, Stukeley, and other places in Huntingdonshire, 1086-1628. 2403. *Gesta abbatum monasterii S. Albani a Thoma Walsing ham [a.d. 793-1401], ed. H. T. Riley. Rolls Series. 3 vols, London, 1867-69. To 1255 it is derived mainly from Matthew Paris's Vitse Abbatum (No. 1830) ; the part 1255-1307 is by an anonymous writer ; the part 1308-81 is Walsing- ham's work ; and there is a continuation to 1401. This chronicle contains much documentary material relating to the abbey. The peasants' rising in Herts, 1 381, is dealt with in vol. iii. pp. 285-372. The appendix to vol. ii. contains synodal constitutions, A.D. 1326-49, for the clergy of St. Albans, and for the neighbour- ing hospital of St. Julian ; also the customs of the nuns of St. Mary at Sopwell, A.D. 1338. For Walsingham's other works, see No. 1861. 422 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [paet iv 2404. Hereford municipal records and customs of Hereford, ed W. H. Black and G. M. Hills. British Archaol. Assoc, Journal, xxvii. 453-88. London, 187 1. The ' customs ' are municipal regulations, drawn up seemingly in the 14th centur}'. Another text will be found in the works of Duncomb and Johnson (Nos. 928-9). A portion of the customs in the original Latin is printed in the Record of Caernarvon (No. 2657), 130, and in W. \Yotton's Leges Wallicse, London, 1730, pp. 517-1S. 2405. Marden [collections concerning the manor of iNIarden, in the county of Hertford. By Thomas, earl of Coningsby]. 2 pts. [London, 1722-27.] An elaborate collection of extracts from plea rolls, inquisitions, etc., most of which belong to modern times. 2406. Records of St. Michael's parish church, Bishop's Stortford, ed. J. L. Glasscock. London, etc., 1882. Churchwardens' accounts, 1431-1847, pp. 1-109. 2407. Registra Johannis Whethamstede, Willelmi Albon, et Willelmi Walingforde, abbatum monasterii S. Albani [1459-88], ed. H. T. Riley, Registra Quorundam Abbatum, ii. 1-291. Rolls Series. London, 1873. See No. 1865. 2408. *Select pleas in manorial and seignorial courts [with a translation], ed. F. W. Maitland. Vol. i., Henry HL and Edward L Seidell Soc. London, 1889. Pleas in manorial courts of the abbot 1288-1303, pp. 99-129. of Bee (various counties), 1246-96, Pleas in the court of the abbot of Ram- pp. 3-47. sey in the fair of St. Ives, Hunts, Pleas in the court of the abbot of ! 1275, pp. 130-60. Ramsey's honour of Broughton, Hunts, 1258, 1293-95, PP- 48-85- Pleas in the courts of manors of the Pleas in the court of the abbot of Battle's manor of Brightwaltham, Berks, 1293-96, pp. 161-75. abbot of Ramsey, Hunts, 1278, 1290, | Pleas in the courts of the abbess of pp. 86-98. I Romsey's hundred of ^Vhorwelsdow^ Pleas in the court of the abbot of Ram- j and manor of Ashton, Wilts, 1262, sey's manor of King's Repton, Hunts, 1 pp. 176-S3. A valuable introduction deals with proceedings in the manorial courts, and with the origin of the sherifiPs tourn and of the leet. j. IRELAND. For the various monastic annals of Ireland, see § 48 and the bibliographies, etc., in § 2. § 57] Local Records and Local Annals 423 Dublin : City and Diocese. 2409. Account roll of the priory of Holy Trinity, Dublin, 1337- 46, ed. James Mills. Royal Soc. of Antiq. of Ireland. Dublin, 1891. Seneschals' accounts, 1337-46, pp. 1-125. Rental and customal of the lands of the priorj^ circa 1326, pp. 189-200. 2410. Acts of Archbishop Colton in his metropolitan visitation of the diocese of Derry, 1398, with a rental of the see estates at that time, ed. William Reeves. Irish Archceol. Soc. Dublin, 1850. 241 1. ^Calendar of ancient records of Dublin, in the possession of the municipal corporation of that city. By J. T. Gilbert. 7 vols. Dublin, etc., 1889-98. A collection of extracts from the town records, a.d. 1171-1730. 2412. Calendar of the Liber niger Alani. By G. T. Stokes. Royal Soc. of Antiq. of Ireland, Journal, 5th series, iii. 303-20 ; vii. 164-76, 404-22. Dublin, 1893-98. Cf. ibid., 1890, i. 54-63. The Liber Niger was the register of John Allen, archbishop of Dublin (d. 1534) ; it contains bulls, decrees, etc., concerning the archbishopric, Henrj' II. -Henry VIII. 2413. Calendar to Christ church deeds [11 74-1 684]. Deputy Keeper's Reports, Ireland, xx. 36-122, xxiii. 75-152, xxiv. 100-194. Dublin, 1888-92. —Index, ibid., xxvii. app. 3-101, Dublin, 1896. A calendar of the charters, bulls, and other documents transferred to the Public Record Office, Ireland, firom Christ church cathedral, DubUn, in 1872. Many of these are also entered in the Noviun Registrum of the dean and chapter of Christ church. 2414. Chartularies of St. Mary's abbey, Dublin, with the register of its house at Dunbrody, and annals of Ireland, ed. J. T. Gilbert. Rolls Se?-ies. 2 vols. London, 1S84. Two chartularies of St. Mary's abbey, i. 1-535 : mainly charters, circa 1171-1463. Register of St. Mary's abbey, Dun- brody, ii. 97-208. Annals of St. Mary's abbey, Dublin, ii. 24 1 -86. Written by Thomas Case in 1427. See No. 1732. Annals of Ireland (fragment), 1308-IO, 1316-17, ii. 293-302. See No. 1809. Annals of Ireland, 1162-1370, ii. 303- 98. See No. 1688. 2415. ' Crede mihi ' : the most ancient register book of the arch- bishops of Dublin, ed. J. T. Gilbert. Dublin, 1897. Contains charters, bulls, letters, etc., mainly of the 13th century. For a calendar of the Crede Mihi, see below, app. B, under ' Dublin,' 424 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv 2416. Great charter of the liberties of the city of Dubhn, Tran- scribed and translated into English by Charles Lucas. DubUn, 1749. pp. 31 + 36. A royal charter of 2 Edward IV. , inspecting older charters. 2417. *Historic and municipal documents of Ireland, 11 72-1320, from the archives of the city of Dublin, etc., ed. J. T. Gilbert. Rolls Series. London, 1870. Contains important documents concerning Dublin (town charters and ordi- nances, rolls of the gild merchant, etc.); charters granted to Drogheda ; docu- ments concerning the archbishops of Dublin, etc. Valuable for municipal, commercial, and ecclesiastical history. 2418. Notices of the manor of St. Sepulchre, Dublin, in the fourteenth century. By James Mills. Royal Hist, and ArchcBol. Assoc, of Irela?id, ^onxndiX, 4th series, ix. 31-41, 119-26. Dublin, 1890. Contains a full abstract of a Latin rental, 1382 ; and a Latin inquisition or extent of the manor, 1326, in extenso. 2419. Register of the abbey of St. Thomas, Dublin, ed. J. T, Gilbert. Rolls Series. London, 1889. Comprises documents relating chiefly to the lands, rights, etc., of the abbey in various parts of Ireland, especially in the 13th century. 2420. Register of wills and inventories of the diocese of Dublin in the time of Archbishops Tregury and Walton, 1457-83 [with a translation], ed. H. F. Berry. Royal Soc. of Antiq. of Ireland. Dublin, 1898. The only official collection of wills known to be extant in Ireland. 2421. Registrum prioratus Omnium Sanctorum [All Hallows] juxta Dublin, ed. Richard Butler. Irish Archceol. Soc. Dublin, 1845. Contains charters frcir kings, popes, etc., grants of lands, pleas, etc., 1166- 1460. Mallow, New Ross, etc. 2422. Ancient Norman-French poem on the erection of the walls of New Ross, in Ireland, 1265, ed. Frederic Madden. Soc. of Antiq. of london, Archasologia, xxii. 307-22. London, 1829. — Also printed, with a translation, in Facsimiles of National MSS. of Ireland (No. 261), vol. iii. p. v. and app. ii. London, 1879. § 67] Local Records and Local Annals 425 2423. Irish charters in the Book of Kells. Irish Archceol. Soc, Miscellany, i. 127-58. Dublin, 1S46. Seven charters of the nth and 12th centuries. 2424. Manor (The) of Mallow in the thirteenth century. By H. F. Berry. Royal Soc. of Atitiq. of Ireland, Journal, 5th series, iv. 14-24. Dublin, 1894. Contains the translation of an extent of the manor, A.D. 1298. 2425. Rotulus pipje Clonensis, ex originali in registro ecclesise cathedralis Clonensis asservato, ed. Richard Caulfield. Cork, 1859. pp. 72. This roll was probably begun in 1364, but many older documents were after- wards entered. It contains findings of juries and deeds relating to the temporali- ties of the see of Cloyne, lists of tenants, etc. k. KENT. For customals and charters of the Cinque Ports, see Nos. 976, 2640. Addington. 2426. Rent roll of Roger de Scaccario, lord of the manor of Addington [1257-71], ed. L. B. Larking, Domesday Book of Kent, app. 21-27. London, 1869. Canterbury : City and Diocese. See No. 795, consuetudinary of St. Augustine's; Nos. 2219-20, 2256, letter-books of Christ church, register of Peckham, etc.; and Nos. 1364, 1730, 1768, 1843, i845> chroniclers. 2427. Accounts of the churchwardens of St. Dunstan's, Canter- bury, 1484-1580, ed. J. M. Cowper. Reprinted from Archaeologia Cantiana [xvi. 289-321, xvii. 77-149]. London, 1885. pp. 104. 2428. Calendar of wills relating to Kent proved in the prerogative court of Canterbury, 1384-1559. By L. L. Duncan. leivisham Antiq. Soc. Lee, 1890. pp. 93. For other wills proved in this court, see § 57 c. 2429. Early Kentish wills [1442-67], ed. James Greenstreet. Kent Archceol. Soc, Archosologia Cantiana, xi. 370-87, London, 1877. 426 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [paet iv 2430. Minutes, collected from the ancient records and accounts in the chamber of Canterbury, of transactions in that city, ed. Civis. [Canterbury, 1801-1802.] A valuable collection of extracts from the city muniments, from 1234 onward, seemingly compiled by C. R. Bunce. 2431. Short account of the records of Canterbury. By H. R. Plomer. Canterbury, 1892. pp. 26. 2432. Stephani Birchingtoni Historia de archiepiscopis Cantu- ariensibus [a.d. 597-1369], ed. Henry Wharton, Anglia Sacra, i. 1-48. London, 1691. The author was a monk of Christ church, Canterbury, who flourished in the second half of the 14th century. For other annals of Canterbury, see Anglia Sacra, i. 49-176. 2433. Translation of the charters, etc., granted to the citizens of Canterbury [Edward IV.-Charles II.]. By a citizen [C, R. Bunce]. Canterbury, 1791. Combwell, Dartford, Faversham, and Gravesend. 2434. Charters of Cumbwell priory [i 160-1270]. Kent ArcJuEoL Soc, Archaeologia Cantiana, v. 194-222, vi. 190-222, \dii. 271-93. London, 1863-72. 2435. Collection or abstract of legal documents relating to donations to the church and poor of the parish of Dartford [1284- 1799], ed. John Langdale. London, 1829. Most of the documents are later than the 15th century. 2436. Municipal archives of Faversham, 1304-24, ed. F. F. Giraud. Kent Ardiceol. Soc, Archaeologia Cantiana, xiv. 185-205. London, 1882. Contains town accounts, arrears of tallages, etc. See also Giraud's papers on Faversham town accounts, 33 Edward I., and Faversham to\vn charters, ibid., ix. pp. Ixii.-lxx. , X. 22 1 -4 1. 2437. Records of Gravesend, Milton, Denton, Chalk, Northfleet, Southfleet, and Ifield, ed. W. H. Hart. Pt. i. Gravesend, 1878. pp. 64. Contains abstracts of charters, etc., A.D. 950-1546. 2438. Valuation of the town of Dartford, 29 Edward I., ed. R. P. Coates. Kent Archceol. Soc, Archaeologia Cantiana, ix. 285-98. London, 1874. § 57] Local Records and Local Annals 427 Hythe, Lyminge, and Monks Horton. 2439. Charters of Monks Horton priory [i 140-13 11], ed. J. R. Scott. Ibid., X. 269-81. London, 1876. 2440. tChartulary of the monastery of Lyminge. Translated and illustrated by R. C. Jenkins. Folkestone, [1886]. pp. 50. 2441. Hythe churchwardens' accounts [1412-13], ed. W. A. S. Robertson. Kent ArchceoL Soc, Archseologia Cantiana, x. 242-49. London, 1876. Rochester. 2442. Annales ecclesi^e B-offensis [a.d. 604-1307], ex Historia ecclesiastica Edmundi de Hadenham monachi Roffensis, ed. Henry Wharton, Anglia Sacra, i. 341-55. London, 1691. These notes are interpolations which Hadenham (Jl. 1307) made in a copy of the chronicle attributed to Matthew of Westminster. 2443. Custumale Roffense, ed. John Thorpe [the younger]. London, 1788. Contains many curious particulars regarding the tenures, services, etc., of manors belonging to the cathedral church of Rochester. This customal is said to have been compiled by John de Westerham, a monk of Rochester, who died about 1320. The greater part of Thorpe's volume is a treatise on the antiquities of Kent. 2444. Fabric roll of Rochester castle [1367-69, ed. L. B. Larking]. Ke?2t ArchceoL Soc, Archseologia Cantiana, ii. 11 1-32. London, 1859. 2445. *Registrum Roffense : a collection of antient records, charters, etc., illustrating the history of the diocese and cathedral church of Rochester, ed. John Thorpe [the elder]. London, 1769. — Index to the monumental inscriptions in the Registrum Roffense. [By F. A. Crisp.] London, 1885. pp. 14. The Registrum contains charters, bulls, ordinations, pleadings, etc. , many of them taken from the episcopal registers of Rochester. 2446. *Textus Roffensis, ed. Thomas Hearne. Oxford, 1720. — An historical account of the Textus Roffensis. By Samuel Pegge. London, 1784. pp. 47. — Notes on the Textus Roffensis. By Felix Liebermann. Kent ArchceoL Soc, Archaeologia Cantiana, xxiii. 101-12. London, 1898. According to Liebermann, this work was written circa 1140-50 by an unknown scribe, who was induced to compile it by Ernulf, bishop of Rochester. The first 428 A.D. 1 066-1485 : Original Sources [pabt iv part is a rich collection of Anglo-Saxon laws, and the second part is a chartulary of the church of St. Andrew. Hearne does not edit the whole work. Most of the charters are printed in Kemble's Codex (No. 141 9) and in Thorpe's Registrum Roffense (No. 2445). 2447. Willelmi de Dene Historia Roffensis [1314-50, with a continuation to 1540], ed. Henry Wharton, Anglia Sacra, i. 356-83. London, 1691. The author flourished about 1350. 1. LANCASHIRE. General : Duchy of Lancaster, etc. In 1868 Queen Victoria presented to the nation the ancient muniments of the duchy of Lancaster (Nos. 2450-60), some of which were removed to the PubUc Record Office in that year and the rest in 1873. These documents relate to Lancashire and most of the other counties of England in which estates were held of the duchy. 2448. Charters of the duchy of Lancaster. Translated and edited by William Hardy. London, 1845. Contains the charters granted by the crown to the earls and dukes of Lan- caster, 1342-99 ; together with the subsequent acts of parliament relating to the management of the Lancastrian possessions as settled upon the king, to 1558. 2449. Collection of Lancashire and Cheshire wills, 1301-1752, ed. W. F. Irvine. Record Soc.for Lane, and Chesh. [London], 1896. — List of the Lancashire wills proved within the archdeaconry of Richmond, and now preserved in Somerset house, London, 1457- 1680 [1792], ed. Henry Fishwick. Record Soc. for Lane, and C/iesh. 3 vols. [Manchester, etc.], 1884-91. See No. 2716. 2450. Duchy of Lancaster [records] : calendar of ancient charters or grants [private deeds, Henry I. -5 Edward IV.]. Deputy Keeper's Reports, xxxv. 1-41, xxx\i. app. i. 161-205, xxxvii. app. i. 172-9. London, 1874-76. 2451. . [Calendar of] inquisitions post mortem, Richard II.- Elizabeth. Ibid., xxxix., 532-49. London, 1878. 2452. . Calendar of patent rolls, 4 Richard II. -21 Henry VII. Ibid., xl. 521-45. London, 1879. § 57] Local Records and Local Annals 429 2453. Duchy of Lancaster [records] : calendar of privy seals, Richard II. Ibid., xliii. app. i. 363-70. London, 1882. 2454. • Calendar of rolls of the chancery of the county palatine [fines, charters, letters close and patent, etc., 1355-1469]. Ibid., xxxii. app. i. 331-65, xxxiii. app. i. 1-42, xxxvii., app. i. 172-9. London, 1871-76. 2455. . Calendar of royal charters, William II.-Richard II. Ibid., xxxi. 1-41. London, 1870. 2456. . Inventory and lists of documents transferred from the duchy of Lancaster office to the public record office, 1868. Ibid., xxx. 1-43. London, 1869. 2457. -. Inventory and lists of the records transferred from the county palatine of Lancaster to the public record office [1873]. Ibid., XXXV. 42-75. London, 1874. 2458. ■ Inventory of accounts of ministers and receivers, Edward I.-George III. Ibid., xlv. app. i. 1-152. London, 1885. 2459. . Inventory of court rolls [especially rolls of courts leet and baron], Henry III.-George IV. Ibid., xliii. app. i. 206-362. London, 1882. 2460. Lancashire and Cheshire records preserved in the public record office, London, ed. W. D. Selby. 2 pts. Record Soc. for Lane, and Chesh. [London], 1882-83. Pt. i. gives class-lists, etc., of these records; pt. ii., calendars and indexes of charters, inquests post mortem, pleas, feet of fines, etc. 2461. Three Lancashire documents of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries : the great de Lacy inquisition [post mortem], 1 311; the survey [of manors], 1320-46; custom roll and rental of the manor of Ashton-under-Lyne, 1422 : ed. John Harland. Chetham Soc. [Manchester], 1868. 2462. Two ' compoti ' of the Lancashire and Cheshire manors of Henry de Lacy, earl of Lincoln, 24 and 33 Edward I. Transcribed and translated by P. A. Lyons. Chetha?n Soc. [Manchester], 1884. Contains accounts of the earl's stewards, parkers, bailiffs, etc. For a ' com- potus ' of his Yorkshire estates, 1295-96, see Yorkshire Archceol. and Topog. Assoc, Journal, 1884, viii. 351-8. 430 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv Chorley and Clitheroe. 2463. x^ncient charters and other muniments of the borough of Clithero [circa 1 283-1 674, with a translation], ed. John Harland. Manchester, 185 1. pp. 52. On these charters, see also British Archceol. Assoc, Journal, 1851, vi. 425-37. 2464. Court rolls of the honor of Clitheroe. Translated and transcribed by William Farrer. Vol. i. [137 7-1 567]. Manchester, etc., 1897. Translation only. 2465. Schedule of deeds and documents preserved in the muni- ment room at Shaw Hill, Chorley. By R. D. Radcliffe. Historic Soc. of Lane, and Chesh., Trans., vols, xli.-xlv. passim. Liverpool, 1890-94. Cockersand and Furness Abbeys. 2466. The chartulary of Cockersand abbey, of the Premonstra- tensian order, ed. William Farrer. Chetham Soc. 3 pts. [Man- chester], 1898. Contains mainly charters of the 13th century. 2467. The coucher book of Furness abbey, ed. J. C. Atkinson. Chetham Soc. 3 pts. [Manchester], 1886-88. A chartulary, containing charters, bulls, and other documents, chiefly of the 13th and 14th centuries. There is a table of contents of the chartulary of Fur- ness abbey in Beck's Annales Furnesienses (No. 984). Lancaster, Liverpool, and Manchester. 2468. City of Liverpool : copies of charters, etc. [John- Victoria]. Liverpool, [1S81]. 2469. City of Liverpool : selections from the municipal archives and records, from the thirteenth to the seventeenth century inclusive, ed. J. A. Picton. Liverpool, [1883]. 2470. . Notes on the charters of the borough of Liverpool. By J. A. Picton. Historic Soc. of Lane, and Chesh., Trans., xxxvi. 53-128. Liverpool, 1887. Some of the charters are given in full, with a translation. § 57] Local Records and Local Annals 431 2471. *Mamecestre : chapters from the early history of the barony, the lordship or manor, [and] the borough of Manchester, ed. John Harland. Chetham Soc. 3 pts. [Manchester], 1861-62. Extent of the manor, 1282, pp. 140- 77- Town charters of Preston, Clitheroe, Chester, Liverpool, Salford, and Wigan, 178-207. Charter of Manchester, 1301, pp. 209- 46. Survey of the manor and barony, 1 320, PP- 273-358- Extent of the manor, 1322, and rental, 1473, PP- 359-532. 2472. Materials for the history of the church of Lancaster, ed. W. O. Roper. Chetham Soc. 2 vols. [Manchester], 1892-94. Mainly charters of the 13th and 14th centuries, from the chartulary of the priory of St. Mary, Lancaster ; with a translation. Penwortham, Preston, and Scarisbrick. 2473. Ancient charters at Scarisbrick hall [i 180-1705]. Ab- stracted by Edward Powell. Historic Soc. of Lane, and Chesh., Trans., xlviii. 259-94, xlix. 185-230. Liverpool, 1897-98. 2474. Charters granted to the burgesses of Preston [Henry. III.- Elizabeth, with a translation], ed. John Lingard. Preston, 182 1. pp. 94. 2475. Documents relating to the priory of Penwortham and other possessions in Lancashire of the abbey of Evesham [William I.- Henry VIII.], ed. W. A. Hulton. Chetham Soc. [Manchester], 1853. 2476. Extracts from ancient documents in the archives of Preston [ed. John Addison]. [Preston, 1842]. Contains a facsimile of the charter of King John ; the undated customal of Preston ; extracts from the records of the gild merchant, 1397, etc. 2477. The rolls of burgesses at the guilds merchant of the borough of Preston, 1397-1682, ed. W. A. Abram. Record Soc. for Lane, and Chesh. [London], 1884. Chiefly names of members of the gild. Warrington, Whalley, and Wigan. 2478. Charters of the borough of Wigan, in Latin and English. Warrington, 1808. 432 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv 2479. *The coucher book, or chartulary, of Whalley abbey, ed. W, A. Hulton. Chetham Soc. 4 vols. [Manchester], 1847-49. Contains charters, etc., of the 13th, 14th, and 15th centuries. 2480. ^Varrington in 1465, as described in a contemporary rent roll, ed. Williana Beamont. Chetham Soc. [Manchester], 1849. m. LEICESTERSHIRE AND LINCOLNSHIRE. Many records are printed in Nichols's History of the County of Leicester (No. 996). For chronicles of the abbeys of Croyland and Louth, see Nos. 137 1, 1744, 1798, and for churchwardens' accounts of Wigtoft, No. 2512. Leicestershire : Leicester, etc. 2481. Accounts of the churchwardens of Melton Mowbray, ed. Thomas North. Leicestersh. Archil, and Archceol. Soc, Trans., iii. 180-206. Leicester, 1874. Contains copious extracts from these accounts, Edward IV.-1612. 2482. Charters of the borough of Leicester, ed. John Nichols, Bibliotheca Topographica Britannica (No. 816), viii. 931-68, 1347-8. London, 1790. A valuable collection of town charters, John-Charles II. 2483. Custumary of the manor and soke of Rothley, in the county of Leicester, ed. G. T. Clark. Soc. ofAntiq. of London, Archaeologia, xlvii. 89-130. London, 1883. An undated rental, together with the duties of manorial officers, etc. 2484. Documents relating to Leicestershire preserved in the episcopal registers at Lincoln, ed. W. G. D. Fletcher. Associated Architect. Societies, Reports and Papers, xxi. 277-329, xxii. 109-50, 227-365. Lincoln, [1892-94]. — Some unpublished documents relating to Leicestershire preserved in the public record office, ed. W. G. D. Fletcher. Ibid., xxiii. 213-52, 392-436, xxiv. 234-77. Lincoln, [1895-97]. These public records comprise feet of fines (1199-1210), inquests postmortem, assize rolls, an inquest concerning knights' fees (1428), etc. § 57] Local Records and Local Annals 433 2485. Index to the ancient manuscripts of the borough of Leicester. By J. C. Jeaffreson. Westminster, [1878]. pp. 94. Several charters granted to Leicester in the 13th centur}- are printed in full in this index. 2486. Market Harborough parish records to 1530. By J. E. Stocks and W. B. Bragg. London, 1890. Abstracts of private deeds, etc., circa 1200-1520, pp. 159-208. 2487. *Records of the borough of Leicester, ed. Mary Bateson. Vol. i., A.D. 1 103-1327. Cambridge, etc., 1899. Contains town charters, rolls of the gild merchant, mayors' accounts, tallage rolls, court rolls, coroners' rolls, etc. Admirably edited, with a translation and a valuable introduction on the municipal history of Leicester. Lincolnshire : Lincoln, City and Diocese. 2488. Civitas Lincohiia ; from its municipal and other records. [By John Ross.] Lincoln, 1870. Abstracts of town charters, Henry II. -Charles II., and of acts of the common council, 1421-1511, pp. 1-53. 2489. Consuetudinarium ecclesiae Lincolniensis tempore Richardi de Gravesend episcopi (1258-12 79) redactum, with notes by Christopher Wordsworth, ed. H. E. Reynolds. [Exeter], 1885- pp. xlviii., 29. Contains cathedral statutes, etc. 2490. Early Lincoln wills : an abstract of all the wills recorded in the episcopal registers of the old diocese of Lincoln, 1280- 1547. By Alfred Gibbons. Lincoln, 18S8. 2491. Episcopal visitations of the monasteries in the diocese of Lincoln in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, ed. Alfred Gibbons. Lincoln : James Williamson. In preparation. 2492-3. Liber antiquus de ordinationibus vicariarum tempore Hugonis Wells Lincolniensis episcopi, 1209-35, ^d. Alfred Gibbons. Lincoln, 1888. A record of the establishment of nearly 300 vicarages. Valuable for the relations of the bishop of Lincoln to the monasteries. F F 434 A-D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [paet iv 2494. *Statutes of Lincoln cathedral. Arranged by Henry Brad- shaw, edited by Christopher Wordsworth. 2 pts. in 3 vols. Cam- bridge, 1892-97. iii. 268-363 : a collection of statutes, I 440-42. Lincoln episcopal \dsitations, 1437-44, iii. 364-465. Lincoln registers and chapter acts, 1421-48, iii. 468-538. Chronological table of English uses, iii. 824-59 '• ^ bibliography of works relating to English church services. Liber niger, i. I-468 : a book of cus- toms of Lincoln cathedral, contain- ing statutes, charters, etc., from 11 60 onward. Early cathedral statutes of Salisbury, Lichfield, Hereford, and York, ii. 7-135- Lincoln customs and awards (' lauda'), 1214-1439, ii. 136-60, iii. 161-267. Novum ecclesicC Lincolniensis registrum. This collection has superseded the Statuta Ecclesioe Lincolnice, printed in 1873. Lincolnshire : Revesby, Sempringham, etc. 2495. Abstracts of the deeds and charters relating to Revesby abbey, 1 142-1539. [By Edward Stanhope.] Horncastle, 1889. pp. 38. 2496. Charters relating to the priory of Sempringham, ed. E. M. Poynton. Genealogist, new series, xv. 158-61, 221-7, ^'^i- 76-83, 153-8, 223-8, etc. London, 1899-1900. Mainly of the 1 2th century. 2497. Lincolnshire court rolls. Lmcolnsh. Notes and Queries, i. 44-46, 209-10. Horncastle, 1889. 2498. Manor of Ingoldmells-cum-Addlethorpe court rolls [ex- tracts, 1 292-1503], ed. A. R. Maddison. Associated Archit, Societies, Reports and Papers, xxi. 176-90. Lincoln, [1892], 2499. Rental of the manor of Stallingborough, 1352 [with a translation], ed. A. R. Maddison. Ibid., xxiii. 274-89. Lincoln, [1896]. 2500. Some ancient records relating to the manor of Langton and its lords [1202-1617]. By W. O. Massingberd. Ibid., xxii. 157-73- Lincoln, [1894]. n. LONDON, MIDDLESEX, AND MONMOUTHSHIRE. For various chronicles of London, see § 48, and index under ' London.' There is a graphic description of London, written in the second half of the twelfth century, in the preface of William Fitz- § 57] Local Records and Local Annals 435 Stephen's Life of Becket (No. 2229); cf. Gross, Bibliography of Municipal History, 293. London : City Records, etc. 2501. Accompts of the manor of the Savoy, temp. Rich. II., ed. William Walton. Soc. of Antiq. of London^ Archaeologia, xxiv. 299- 316. London, 1832. 2502. Accounts of the churchwardens of the parish of St. Michael, Cornhill, 1456-1608, ed. W. H. Overall. [London, 187 1.] 2503. Book (The) of the foundation of St. Bartholomew's, ed. Norman Moore, in St. Bartholomew's Hospital Reports, ed. W. S. Church and John Langton, vol. xxi. pp. xxxix.-cix. London, 1885. An old English translation (circa 1400) of the Liber Fundacionis Ecclesias S. Bartholomei, 1 123-43, which was written about 1 180. It deals mainly with the life and miracles of Rahere, the first prior of St. Bartholomew. 2504. Calendar of letter-books of the city of London, ed. R. R. Sharpe. Letter-book A, circa 1275-98; letter-book B, circa 1275- 131 2. 2 vols. London, 1899- 1900. These letter-books comprise chiefly recognizances of debts ; they also contain some civic regulations, coroners' rolls, a list of wards, etc. 2505. Calendar of letters from the mayor and corporation of the city of London, 1350-70, ed. R. R. Sharpe. London, 1885. These letters throw light on the intercourse of London with the chief munici- palities of Flanders and England. 2506. Calendar of wills proved and enrolled in the court of busting, London, 1 258-1688, ed. R. R. Sharpe. 2 vols. London, 1889-90. An elaborate work, well edited. For London wills, see also No. 2773. 2507. Charters, ordinances, and bye-laws of the mercers' company [1393-1808]. London, 1881. pp. 96. 2508. Coopers' company : historical memoranda, charters, docu- ments, etc., 1396-184S, ed. J. F. Firth. London, 1848. 2509. tFacsimile of ancient deeds of the merchant taylors, 1331- 153 1. London, 1889. 2510. *Facsimile of MS. archives of the company of grocers, 1 345-1463, ed. J. A. Kingdon. 2 pts. London, 1886. F F 2 436 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv 251 1. Historical charters and constitutional documents of the city of London. By W. de Gray Birch. Revised edition. London, 1887. ist edition, 'by an antiquary,' 1884. Only a translation of the charters is here printed. Other translations are John Evelyn's Charters of the City of London, 1745, and John Luffman's Charters of London, 1793. 2512. Illustrations of the manners and expences of antient times in England, deduced from the accompts of churchwardens, etc. [ed. John Nichols]. London, 1797. Extracts from churchwardens' accounts Of: — St. Margaret's, Westminster, 1460- 1692, pp. I-76. Wigtoft, Lincolnshire, 1484-87, pp. 77-87. St. Maiy Hill, London, 1427-1557, pp. 85-129. Waldersvvick, Suffolk, 1451-1696, pp. 183-93- For some brief extracts from the churchwardens' accounts of St. Peter, Cheap- side, 1392-1633, see British Archseol. Assoc, Journal, 1868, xxiv. 248-68. 2513. *Memorials of London and London life : a series of ex- tracts from the archives of the city of London, 1 276-1419. Trans- lated and edited by H. T. Riley. London, 1868. Contains extracts from the letter-books. 2514. *Munimenta gildhallse Londoniensis : Liber albus, Liber custumarum, et Liber Horn, ed. H. T. Riley. Rolls Series. 3 vols, in 4 pts. London, 1859-62. Vol. i. Liber Albus, by John Carpenter, 1419. Vol. ii. {2 pts.). Liber Custumarum, circa 1320. Vol. iii. Translations of the Anglo- 's' Norman passages in Liber Albus ; glossaries, etc. Liber Horn, 131 1, probably compiled by Andrew Horn ; not published. . These volumes contain valuable documents illustrating the legal, social, and constitutional history of London, especially during the 13th and 14th centuries. The Liber Albus was translated by H. T. Riley, London, 1861. 2515- Regulations framed in the reign of Richard II. for the government of the Tower of London, ed. Henry Ellis. Soc. of Antiq. of Lotidon, Archaeologia, xviii. 275-80. London, 181 7. London : St. Paul's Cathedral. 2516. Charter and statutes of the college of the minor canons in St. Paul's cathedral [1394-96], ed. W. S. Simpson. London, 187 1. pp. 36. — Also in Archseologia, xliii. 165-200, and in Registrum Statutorum (No. 2520), 326-58. § 57] Local Records and Local Annals 437 2517- documents illustrating the history of St. Paul's cathedral, ed. W. S. Simpson. Camden Soc. [London], 1880. Contains short chronicles of St. Paul's, obits, church services, indulgences, etc., A.D. 1140-1712. 2518. *Domesday (The) of St. Paul's of the year 1222, or Regis- trum de visitatione maneriorum per Robertum decanum, and other original documents relating to the manors and churches belonging to the dean and chapter of St. Paul's, in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, ed. W. H. Hale. Camden Soc. [London], 1858. Contains the survey of 1222 ; a manorial rental, 1240; twelfth-century leases of manors; 'inquisitio maneriorum,' 1181 ; manorial accounts, 1300, etc. ; with valuable introduction and notes. 2519. Registrum eleemosynarige D. Pauli Londoniensis [ed. Maria Hackett]. London, 1827. pp. 64. Includes the greater part of the benefactions to St. Paul's for eleemosynary purposes prior to Richard II. 's reign ; many deeds of gift are printed in full. 2520. *Registrum statutorum et consuetudinum ecclesise cathed- ralis S. Pauli [i 294-1855], ed. W. S. Simpson, London, 1873. 2521. Two inventories of the cathedral church of St. Paul, 1245 and 1402, ed. W. S. Simpson. Soc. of Antiq. of London, Archseologia, 1. 439-524. London, 1887. 2522. Visitations of churches belonging to St. Paul's cathedral, 1249-52, ed. W. S. Simpson. Camden Soc, Miscellany, ix. 1-38. [London], 1895. — Visitations of churches belonging to St. Paul's cathedral in 1297 and in 1458, ed. W. S. Simpson. Camden Soc. [London], 1895. London : Westminster. 2523. Abstract of charters and other documents contained in a cartulary of the abbey of St. Peter, Westminster. [London], 1836. pp. 76. 2524. Caxton memorial : extracts from the churchwardens' accounts of the parish of St. Margaret, Westminster, 1478-92. [Re- printed from the Builder, Aug. 7,21, 1880.] London, [1S80]. pp. 32. 2525. Inventory of the vestry in Westminster abbey in 1388, ed. J. W. Legg. Soc. of Antiq. of London, Archgeologia, lii. 195-286. London, 1890. 438 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv 2526. Some account of the muniments of the abbey of West- minster. By Joseph Burtt. Royal ArchcBoL Institute of Great Britain, Archaeol. Journal, xxix. 135-50. London, 1872. Middlesex : Chiswick. 2527. Historical collections relating to Chiswick, ed. W. P. W. Phillimore and W. H. Whitear. London, 1897. Survey of the manor of Sutton in 1222 (Latin, with a translation), 130-44. This survey is also printed in the Domesday of St. Paul's (No. 2518). Monmouthshire : Monmouth and Newport. 2528. Chartes anciennes du prieure de Monmouth au diocese d'Hereford, ed. Paul Marchegay. Les Roches-Baritaud, 1879. pp. 35. Contains twenty-five charters, 1 069-1 160. 2529. Early charters of the borough of Ne^vport in Wentloog, ed. Octavius Morgan. Soc. of Antiq. of Lojidon, Archaeologia, xlviii. 431- 55. London, 1885. Inspeximus of Humphrey, earl of Stafford, 5 Heniy W. , with a translation. o. NORFOLK. See Nos. 1027, 1828. General. 2530. Norfolk records : a collection of record-references derived from indexes in the public record office, London, ed. W. D. Selby and 'Weaker Rye. Norfolk and Norwich Archceol. Soc. 2 vols. Norwich, 1886-92, tions, Henry III. -Charles I., ii. 1-146. Index locorum to the de barM:o rolls, 1307-27, i. 223-65. Index to four series of Norfolk inquisi- 2531. *Original letters %vritten during the reigns of Henry VL, Edward IV. and Richard IH. [and Henry VIL], ed. John Fenn. 5 vols. London, 1787-1823. — New edition, abridged, by A. Ramsay : Paston letters. 2 vols. London, 1840-41. — New edition, with many additions, by James Gairdner : The Paston letters, 1422-1509. 3 vols. London, 1872-75 ; reprinted, with the errata corrected, 3 vols., 1896. These letters were written by or to members of the family of Paston in Nor- folk. Many of them arc from Sir John Fastolf and other persons of high rank. § 57] Local Records and Local Annals 439 They elucidate public affairs and domestic manners. Gairdner's elaborate intro- ductions furnish a good account of the public and private life of the 15th century as illustrated by the Paston letters. 2532. Some Norfolk guild certificates [12 Richard II.], ed. Walter Rye. Norfolk and Nonvich ArchceoL Soc, Norfolk Archaeo- logy, xi. 105-36. Norwich, 1892. Bradcar and Banham. 2532 a. Three manorial extents of the thirteenth century [temp. Edw. I.] By William Hudson. Ibid., xiv. 1-56. Norwich, 1899. Translation only. They relate to the manors of Bradcar and Banham in Norfolk and Wykes in Suffolk. Valuable. Caister, Crabhouse, Creak, and Great Cressingham. 2533. A cellarer's account roll of Creak abbey, 5-6 Edward III., ed. G. A. Carthew. Ibid., vi. 314-59- Normch, 1864. 2534. Five court rolls of Great Cressingham [132S-1584, with a translation], ed. H. W. Chandler. London, 1885. Valuable. One of the rolls, dated 1414, is really a rental. 2535. The register of Crabhouse nunnery, ed. Mary Bateson No7-folk and Norwich ArchceoL Soc, Norfolk Archasology, xi. 1-7 1. Norwich, 1892. Contains an enumeration of donations to the house, a rental, etc. The material is mainly of the 15th century. 2536. Transcript of two rolls containing an inventory of effects formerly belonging to Sir John Fastolfe, ed. Thomas Amyot. Soc. of Antiq. of Londoji, Archseologia, xxi. 232-80. London, 1827. Most of these effects were in his house at Caister near Yarmouth. Holme, Keswick, etc. 2537. Account rolls of certain of the obedientiaries of the abbey of St. Benedict at Holme [19 Henry VI. and 16-17 Henry VIII.]. By Richard Hewlett. Norfolk Antiq. Miscellany, ii. 530-49. Nor- wich, 1883. Translation only. 2538. Eleven deeds of the times of Henry III. and Edward I., from amongst the court rolls of the manor of Keswick in the possession of Hudson Gurney. London, 1841. pp. 30. 440 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [paht iv 2539. Report on the muniments at Merton hall, Norfolk. By George Crabbe. Norfolk Antig. Miscellany, n. e^^2>-^~9^ iii- i-ii3- Norwich, 1883-87. 2540. Some rough materials for a history of the hundred of North Erpingham, ed. Walter Rye. 3 pts. Norwich, 1883-89. Le Neve's Collections, 1. 9-214. Aids, 21 Hen. III., 20 Edw. III., 3 Hen. IV., i. 215-17, 239-44. Extracts from crown plea rolls, 34 ! Institutions, iii. 596-640. Hen. III., 14 Edw. I., i. 218-20, 228-30. Subsidy rolls, Edw. Ill.-Charles II., ii. 403-550. Lynn, Norwich, and Yarmouth. 2541. Calendar of the freemen of Norwich, 131 7-1603. By John L'Estrange, ed. Walter Rye. London, 1888. 2542. Catalogue of the records of the city of Norwich. By William Hudson and J. C. Tingey. Norwich, [1898]. 2543. Evidences relating to town close estate [documents admitted in the case of Stanley v. the mayor, etc., of Norwich. Norwich, 1886]. Contains several of the town charters in full and copious extracts from public records, leet rolls, assembly rolls, etc., 1086-1886. Some of these documents, though badly edited, are very valuable. 2544. Extracts from coroners' rolls and other documents in the record-room of the corporation of Norwich [Henry HI. -Edward I.]. By Henry Harrod. Norfolk and Norwich Archceol. Soc, Norfolk Archaeology, ii. 253-79. Norwich, 1849. Translation only. 2545- Extracts from early wills in the Norwich registries [1370- 1511]. By Henry Harrod. Ibid., iv. 317-39. Norwich, 1855. — Early Norfolk wills from the Norwich registry [1370-83], ed. John L'Estrange. Norfolk Antiq. Miscellany, i. 345-412. Norwich, 1877. 2546. *Leet jurisdiction in the city of Norwich during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, ed. William Hudson. Selden Soc. London, 1892. 2547. Repertory of deeds and documents relating to the borough of Great Yarmouth. [By Henry Harrod.] Great Yarmouth, 1855. § 57] Local Records and Local Annals 441 2548. Report on the deeds and records of the borough of King's Lynn. By Henry Harrod. King's Lynn, 1874. See also No. 1962 and app. B ; Extracts from the Chamberlain's Book of Accounts, 14 Henry IV., ed. G. H. Dashwood, in Norfolk Archjeology, 1849, ii. 183-92 ; Extracts from the Hall Books, ed. Hudson Gurney, in Archseologia, 1832, xxiv. 317-28. p. NORTHAMPTONSHIRE AND NORTHUMBERLAND. For Northumberland wills, see No. 2348. Hodgson's History of Northumberland (No. 1042) contains many documents. 2549. Chartularium abbathice de Novo Monasterio ordinis Cisterciensis [ed. J. T. Fowler]. Surtees Soc. Durham, etc., 1878. Consists mainly of charters granted to the abbey of Newminster, 1137-1547. 2550. Chartulary of Brinkburn priory [ed. William Page]. Surtees Soc. Durham, etc., 1893. Mainly grants to the priory, Henry I. -Richard II. 2551. Chronica monasterii de Alnewyke [1066-13 7 7, with a translation], ed. William Dickson. Soc. of Atitiq. of Newcastle, Archseologia ^liana, iii. 33-44. Newcastle, 1844. A brief chronicle of the lords of the barony of Alnwick and |of the abbots of the monaster}-. 2552. *Chronicon Petroburgense, ed. Thomas Stapleton. Camden Soc. London, 1849. Compiled in the reign of Edward I. by an unknown monk of the abbey of Peterborough. The chronicle begins in 1 122, and for 150 years comprises brief entries relating principally to public affairs. The greater part of the work, A.D. 1273-95, pp. 20-155, relates mainly to lawsuits in which the abbey was involved. The appendix, pp. 157-83, contains Liber Niger Monasterii S. Petri de Burgo, a valuable survey of the manors of the abbey, 1125-28; together with a list of knights' fees held of the abbey, 1100-I120. For these knights' fees, see J. H. Round, Feudal England, 1895, pp. 157-6S. For other chronicles of Peter- borough, see Nos. 1747, 2556. 2553* Compotus of the manor of Kettering, 1292, with transla- tion, ed. Charles Wise. Kettering, 1899. 2554- Exemplification of records and charters relating to the manor of Morton Pynkeny, etc., in the county of Northampton, temp. Edw. H. and Edw. HI., ed. L. B. L. Collectanea Topog. et Genealogica (No. 820), iv. 223-31. London, 1837. 2555- Extracts from the records of the merchant adventurers of Newcastle-upon-Tyne [1480- 1898, ed. F. W. Denby]. Surtees Soc. 2 vols. Durham, etc., 1895-99. 442 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [paet iv 2556. Historije coenobii Burgensis scriptores varii, ed. Joseph Sparke, Historice Anglicanse Scriptores [pt. iii.], 1-256. London, 1723. Walteri de Whitlesey Historia coenobii Burgensis, 1246-1321, pp. 125-216. Contains an extent of the manors of the abbey and escheators' accounts, 15 Edw. II., pp. 175-216. Historise coenobii Burgensis continuatio, per anonymum, 1321-38, pp. 217-37- Historia vetus coenobii Petriburgensis, 241-56 : an abridged Anglo-French poetical version of the work of Hugh Candidus, to 1132, written about the end of the 12th century. Hugonis Candidi coenobii Burgensis historia, A.D. 655-I177, pp. 1-94. Contains some passages relating to general history, most of which were taken from the Anglo-Saxon Chro- nicle. Hugh was a monk of Peter- borough [d. circa 1175). His work was continued by Robert Swapham. Roberti Swaphami Historia coenobii Burgensis, I177-1245, pp. 97-122. Written between 1250 and 1262. Swapham or Swafham {d. circa 1273) was cellarer of the abbey of Peterborough. Continued by Wal- | ter de ^^^^itlesey. \ On the chronicles of Peterborough, see Felix Liebermann, Ueber Ostenghsche Geschichtsquellen des 12., 13., 14. Jahrhunderts, in Neues Archiv der Gesell- schaft fiir altere Deutsche Geschichte, 1892, x%-iii. 225-67. See also No. 998. 2557. Kingsthorpiana : a calendar of old documents in the church chest of Kingsthorpe, with a selection of the MSS., ed. J. H. Glover. London, 1883. Contains extracts from manorial court rolls, Edward Ill.-James I., etc. 2558. On the compotus rolls of the manor of Oundle [North- amptonshire, with extracts, 1365-1473]. By L H. Jeayes. British ArchcEol. Assoc, Journal, xxxiv. 384-90. London, 1878. 2559. Priory (The) of Hexham, its chroniclers, endowments, and annals. Vol. ii. : The priory of Hexham, its title-deeds, black book, etc. [Edited by James Raine.] etc., 1864-65. Annals of Hexham, etc., vol. i. pp. i.-cxci. Prior Richard's History of the church of Hexham, a.d. 674-1138, i. I -62. Another edition in Twys- den's Scriptores (No. 599), 285-308. In large part derived from Bede, Eddi, and Simeon of Durham. Prior Richard's account of the battle of the standard, i. 63-106. See No. 1792. Surtees Soc. 2 vols. Durham, Prior John's Continuation of the chro- nicle of Simeon, 1130-54,1. 107-72. See No. 1791. Aelred of Rievaulx on the saints of the church of Hexham, i. 173-203. Appendix of charters, letters, etc., vol, i. pp. i.-clxviii. The black book of Hexham, ii. 1-82 : a rental of the lands of the priory, completed in 1479. Charters and other documents, ii. 83-169. § 57] Local Records and Local Annals 443 2560. Records of the borough of Northampton, ed. C. A. Mark- ham and J. C. Cox. 2 vols. Northampton, etc., 1898. Contains charters and letters patent, 1189-1878 ; the Liber Custumarum (\vdth a translation), compiled about 1460, etc. Valuable, but badly edited. The Liber Custumarum is particularly valuable ; the earlier portion seems to be a trans- lation from an Anglo-French original of the 14th century. 2561. Statuta gildas [various enactments made by the gild merchant of Berwick-upon-Tweed, from 1249 to 1294], ed. Cosmo Innes, Ancient Laws of the Burghs of Scotland, 64-96. Edinburgh, 1868. See Gross, Gild ]\Ierchant, 1890, i. 207-13, 227-40. q. NOTTINGHAMSHIRE AND OXFORDSHIRE. Cuxham, Newstead, and Nottingham. 2562. Bailiffs account, Cuxham, 13 16-17, ^d. J. E. T. Rogers, History of Agriculture and Prices (No. 11 99), ii. 617-30. — Rentals of God's house in Southampton, circa 1245, Cuxham and Ibstone [Bucks], 26 Edward I. Ibid., ii. 648-59. Oxford, 1866. 2563. *Records of the borough of Nottingham : extracts from the archives of the corporation [i 155-1625, with a translation, ed. W. H. Stevenson]. 4 vols. London, etc., 1882-89. — ■ Royal charters granted to the burgesses of Nottingham, 1155-1712 [with a translation, ed. W. H. Stevenson]. London, etc., 1890. 2564. tRegistrum cartarum prioratus de Novo Loco [Newstead, Notts, ed. Charles G. Young. London, 1831.] Gives only the titles of the instruments contained in the chartularj'. Oxford. For records of the university and colleges, see § ^Sd ; and for the Annals of Osney, No. 1693. 2565. Cartulary of the monastery of St. Frideswide at Oxford, ed. S. R. Wigram. Oxford Hist. Soc. 2 vols. Oxford, 1895-96. A valuable collection of charters, 1004-1537. 2566. Churchwardens' accounts of the parish of St. Peter-in-the- East, city of Oxford, 1444, ed. R. S. Mylne. Soc. of Antiq. of Lotido?i, Proceedings, 2nd series, x. 25-28. London, [1884]. 2567. Oxford city documents, financial and judicial, 1 268-1665 ed. J. E. T. Rogers. Oxford His f. Soc. Oxford, 1891. 444 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv 2568. Oxford market (The). By Octavius Ogle. Oxford Hist. Soc, Collectanea, ii. 1-135. Oxford, 1890. A collection of extracts from documents relating to the history of the market, 1214-1855. 2569. Parliamentary petitions relating to Oxford [i 379-1496], ed. L. T. Smith. Ibid., iii. 77-161. Oxford, 1896. 2570. Rough list of manuscript material relating to the history of Oxford [city and university]. By Falconer Madan. Oxford, 1887. 2571. *Royal letters addressed to Oxford and now existing in the city archives, ed. Octavius Ogle. Oxford, 1892. Contains charters, letters patent, inquisitions, writs, orders in council, and letters from the crown, 1136-1684. 2572. Sixteen old maps of properties in Oxfordshire, in the possession of the colleges of Oxford, illustrating the open-field system, ed. J. L. G. Mowat. Oxford, 18S8. Southwell. 2573. Visitations and memorials of Southwell minster [Notts], ed. A. F. Leach. Camden Soc. [London], 1891. Visitations of the Southwell collegiate I Southwell, 1470-1541, pp. 96-I45. church, 1469-1542, pp. 1-95. Statutes of Southwell collegiate church, Wills proved before the chapter of I 1221-1335, pp. 201-16. r. SHROPSHIRE. For a calendar of Shropshire wills, 1321-1591, see Shropsh. Archseol. and Nat. Hist. Soc, Trans., 1882-83, v. 257-64, vi. 319-32 ; and for statutes of the church of Tonge, No. 613. Ellesmere and Haughmond. 2574* Ellesmere charters. Salopian Shreds and Patches, ix. 26, 86-92, 107-16. Shrewsbury, 1891 [1889]. Contains charters granted to the borough by Edward III., Edward IV., etc., 1343-1656. 2575. Extent of the manor of Ellesmere, 1280. Translated by W. K. Boyd. Shropsh. Archceol. and Nat. Hist. Soc, Trans., 2nd series, xi. 252-9. Shrewsbury, etc., 1899. Translation only. § 57] Local Records and Local Annals 445 2576. Extracts from the cartulary of Haghmon [Haughniond abbey, Henry II.-Henry VI.]. Collectanea Topog. et Getiealogica (No. 820), i. 362-74. London, 1834. Ludlow, Oswestry, and Shrewsbury. 2577. Bailiffs' accounts of Shrewsbury, 1275-77, ed. C. H. Drink- water. Shropsh. Archceol. and Nat. Hist. Soc, Trans., 2nd series, iii. 41-92. Shrewsbury, etc., 1891. 2578. Calendar of the muniments of the borough of Shrewsbury. Shrewsbury, 1896. 2579. Churchwardens' accounts of the town of Ludlow [1469- 1749], ed. Llewellyn Jones. Shropsh. Archceol. and Nat. Hist. Soc, Trans., 2nd series, vols, i.-ii., iv.-v., passim. Shrewsbury, etc., 1889-93. 2580. Copies of the charters and grants to the town of Ludlow [1450-1692]. Ludlow, [1821]. Translation only. 2581. Extracts from the cartulary of St. Peter's abbey at Shrews- bury, comprising an index of the charters. Collectanea Topog. et Genealogica (No. 820), i. 23-28, 190-96. London, 1834. 2582. Merchants' gild of Shrewsbury, ed. C. H. Drinkwater. Shropsh. Archceol. and Nat. Hist. Soc, Trans., 2nd series, ii. 29-59, viii. 21-43. Shrewsbury, etc., 1890-96. Contains gild rolls of the reigns of John, Henry IIL, and Edward I. The rolls of 1209-10 and 1219-20 are also printed in the Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 1895, ix. 99-117. For some records of the cordwainers and drapers of Shrewsbury, 1323-24, 1461-62, see Shropsh. Archseol. and Nat. Hist. Soc, Trans., 1894-96, vi. 284-90, viii. 175-90. 2583. Records of the corporation of Oswestry, ed. Stanley Leighton. Reprinted from the Transactions of the Shropshire Archaeological Society, 1879-84 [vols, ii.-vii.]. Oswestry, [1884]. Contains town charters, etc., 1262- 1 835. Shavington, Wenlock, Wroxeter, etc. 2584. Abstract of the grants and charters contained in the chartulary of Wombridge priory. By George Morris. Shropsh. 446 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [paet iv Archaol. and Nat. Hist. Soc, Trans., ix. 305-80, x. 325-48; 2nd series, i. 294-310, ix. 96-106, x. 180-92, xi. 331-46. Shrewsbury, etc., [1886-99]. 2585. Extent of the manor of Welch Hampton, 1280. By W, K. Boyd. Ibid., xi. 260-61. Shrewsbury, etc., [1899]. Translation only. 2586. Muniments of Shavington : a catalogue of the deeds, etc., in the muniment room of Shavington hall. By H. D. Harrod. Shrewsbury, 1891. 2587. Rental of [the manor of] Wroxeter, 1350, ed. Thomas ^Vright. Shropsh. ArcJiceol. and Nat. Hist. Soc, Trans., xi. 382-6. Shrewsbury, etc., [1888]. 2588. tTranslation of the charters of the corporation of Wenlock. [Wenlock], 1820. s. SOMERSET. Bath and Wells. For annals of the bishops of Bath and Wells, see \\niarton, Anglia Sacra, i. 591-688. There is an elaborate account of the archives of the dean and chapter of Wells in the Reports of the Historical MSS. Commission (below, app. B). 2589. Bishop's (The) transcripts at Wells, ed. A. J. Jewers. Will probably be published in 1900. They are transcripts from the bishops' registers relating to 260 parishes in Somerset. 2590. Calendar of the register of John de Drokensford, bishop of Bath and Wells, 1309-29, ed. Edmund Hobhouse. Somerset Record Soc. [London], 1887. 2591. Churchwardens' accounts of Croscombe, Pilton, Yatton, Tintinhull, Morebath, and St. Michael's, Bath, 1349-1560, ed. Edmund Hobhouse. Sotnerset Record Soc. [London], 1890. 2592. Churchwardens' accounts of the parish of S. Michael, Bath, 1 349-1 5 75, ed. C. B. Pearson. Somersetsh. Archceol. and Nat. Hist. Soc. Taunton, 1878-81. Published with the Proceedings of this Society, vols, xxiii.-xxvi. See also Royal Hist. Soc, Trans., 1878, vii. 309-29. § 57] Local Records and Local Annals 447 2593. Ecclesiastical documents. I. A brief history of the bishoprick of Somerset to 11 74 [Historiola de primordiis episcopatus Somersetensis]. II. Charters from the library of Dr. Cox Macro. Edited by Joseph Hunter. Camden Soc. London, 1840. The Historiola was compiled in Henry II. 's reign. The Macro charters are grants to churches, etc., in various dioceses, William I.-Henry VIII. 2594. Indexes to the record books of the dean and chapter of the cathedral church of S. Andrew, Wells, ed. F. H. Dickinson. Somersets h. Archceol. and Nat. Hist. Soc. Bristol, 1876. 2595. Municipal records of Bath, 1 189-1604. By A. J. King and B. H. Watts. London, [1885]. An account of the charters granted to Bath, etc. 2596. Register of Ralph of Shrewsbury, bishop of Bath and Wells, 1329-63, ed. T. S. Holmes. Somerset Record Soc. 2 vols. [London], 1896. 2597. Two chartularies of the priory of St. Peter at Bath, ed. William Hunt. Somerset Record Soc. [London], 1893. The documents extend from A.D. 672 to 1520, but most of them fall within the period 1066- 1377. 2598. Wells cathedral : its foundation, constitutional history, and statutes, ed. H. E. Reynolds. [Leeds], 1881. The preface contains Nathaniel Chyle's History of Wells Cathedral, circa 1680. The body of the work comprises (pp. I-I13) the Ordinale et Statuta, transcribed 1634 ; and (pp. 115-240) excerpts from the Red Book, a register in the possession of the dean and chapter of the cathedral church of Wells, I19S-1515. Valuable. Bleadon, Bruton, and Cleeve. 2599. Notice of the custumal of Bleadon, and of agricultural tenures of the thirteenth century. By Edward Smirke. Royal Archceol. Institute of Great Britain, Memoirs of Wiltshire and Salis- bur)', 182-210. London, 1851. Redditus, servitia, et consuetudines manerii de Bledone, 201-10. 2600. On the charters and other archives of Cleeve abbey. By Thomas Hugo. Somersetsh. Archceol. and Nat. Hist. Soc, Proceed- ings, vi. pt. ii. 17-73. Taunton, 1856. 448 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv 2601. Two cartularies of the Augustinian priory of Bruton and the Cluniac priory of Montacute. Somerset Record Soc. [London], 1894. Contains an English abstract of the charters, which are mainly of the 12th, 13th, and 14th centuries. Glastonbury. See No. 613. 2602. Adami de Domerham Historia de rebus gestis Glastonien- sibus, ed. Thomas Hearne. 2 vols. Oxford, 1727. William of Malmesbury's De antiqui- 1173-1385, i. 228-77. tate Glastoniensis ecclesi^e, i. 1-122. | Adam of Domerham's Historia, 1126- See No. 1815. De electione Walteri More abbatis Glastoniensis, 1456, i. 123-83. Perambulations of Somerset forests, 1298, i. 184-202. Charters, etc. , relating to Glastonbury, 1290, ii. 303-596 : made up largely of papal bulls, charters, pleas in eyre, etc. Adam was sacristan of Glastonbury abbey, temp. Edw. I. Appendix of documents, ii. 597-675. 2603. Johannis Glastoniensis Chronica sive historia de rebus Glastoniensibus, ed. Thomas Hearne. 2 vols. Oxford, 1726. Extends from the earliest times to 1493 ; the part from 1320 to 1493 i^ '^'^T brief. The work contains many charters granted to Glastonbury and some meagre notices of public affairs. The author, John, a monk of Glastonbury [Jl. 1400), abridged Adam of Domerham's history of the abbey, 1126-1291, and continued it to about 1400. The work seems to have been carried on to 1493 by another monk of Glastonbury late in the 15th century. 2604. Liber Henrici de Soliaco abbatis Glaston[iensis] : an inquisition of the manors of Glastonbury abbey, 1189, ed. J. E. Jackson. Roxburghe Club. London, 1882. A valuable rental. 2605. Rentalia et custumaria Michaelis de Ambresbury, 1235-52, et Rogeri de Fora, 1252-61, abbatum monasterii beatse Mari^ Glastonige [ed. T. S. Holmes]. Somerset Record Soc. [London], 1891. 2606. Willielmi Malmesburiensis De antiquitate Glastoniensis ecclesiae [a.d. 63-1126], ed. Thomas Gale, Scriptores XV., 289-335. Oxford, 1691. — Also ed. Hearne (No. 2602); and in Migne's Patro- logia, 1855, clxxix. 1681-1734. § 57] Local Records and Local Annals 449 Ilchester, Muchelney, and Yeovil. 2607. Account of the proctors [or wardens] of the church of Yeovil, 1457-58. Collectanea Topog. et Gefiealogica (No. 820), iii. 134-41. London, 1836. 2608. Cartularies of the abbeys of Muchelney and Athelney, ed. E. H. Bates. Somerset Record Sac. In preparation. 2609. Ilchester almshouse deeds, 1 200-1625, ed. W[illiam] Buckler. Yeovil, 1866. t. STAFFORDSHIRE. Chartularies : Burton, Ronton, etc. For the Annals of Burton, see No. 1692. 2610. Abstract of the contents of the Burton chartulary. By George Wrottesley. Wm. Salt Archceol. Soc, Collections, v. pt. i. T-ioi. London, [1S84]. Contains a survey or extent of the lands of the abbey, temp. Hen. I., pleas in the royal courts, charters, etc., 1004-1437. For the Derbyshire portion, see Derbysh. Archaeol. and Nat. Hist. Soc, Journal, 1885, vii. 97-153. Cf. F. Baring, Domesday Book and the Burton Cartulary, in Enghsh Historical Review, 1896, xi. 98-102. 261 1. Ancient charters relating to the abbey and town of Burton- on-Trent, ed. ^V. H. Black. British Archceol. Assoc, Journal, vii. 421-8. London, 1852. They relate chiefly to burgage tenements in Burton, circa 1200-1349. 2612. Chartulary of Ronton priory. Abstracted by George Wrottesley. Wm. Salt Archceol. Soc, Collections, iv. 264-95. London, [1884]. Contains mainly charters of the 13th century. 2613. Chartulary of the Austin priory of Trentham, ed. F. Parker. Ibid., xi. 295-336. London, [1891]. Contains charters, circa 1100-1526. 2614. Chartulary of the priory of S. Thomas the Martyr, near Stafford, ed. F. Parker. Ibid., viii. 125-201. London, [1S88]. Extends from 11 74 to 1416. G G 4SO A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv 2615. Chetwynd chartulary, ed. George Wrottesley. W7n. Salt Archceol. Soc, Collections, xii. 241-336. London, [1892]. Contains documents relating to the family of Chetwynd, circa 1166-1506. 2616. fRegistrum cartarum prioratus Tutteburiensis. [By C. G. Young. London, 1831.] A brief register of the documents in the chartulary of the priory. 2617. Rydeware chartulary, ed. L H. Jeayes. W}?i. Salt ArchaoL Soc, Collections, xvi. 257-302. London, 1895. Compiled by order of Thomas de Rydeware, temp. Edw. II. Contains charters, pleas, etc., relating to the Rydeware family. 2618. Shenstone charters [circa 11 26-1387, copied from the Great coucher book of the duchy of Lancaster]. Edited by George Grazebrook, with notes by H. S. Grazebrook. Ibid., xvii. 237-98. London, 1896. They relate to persons and lands in Shenstone. 2619. Staffordshire chartulary, ed. R. W. Eyton and George Wrottesley. Ibid., ii. 178-276, iii. 178-231. London, etc., [1882- 83]- A collection of charters relating to religious houses, etc., in Staffordshire, 1072-circa 1237. 2620. Stone chartulary : an abstract of its contents. By George Wrottesley. Ibid., vi. pt. i. 1-28. London, [1885]. Mainly charters of the 1 3th century concerning Stone priory. Lichfield and Walsall. For statutes of Lichfield cathedral, see No. 613. 2621. Benefactions of Thomas Heywood, dean (1457-92), to the cathedral church of Lichfield. By J. C. Cox. Soc. of Antiq. of London, Archaeologia, Hi. 617-46. London, 1890. Consists, in large part, of a collection of documents relating to his bene- factions. 2622. Calendar of the deeds and documents belonging to the corporation of Walsall [John-1688]. By Richard Sims. Walsall, etc., 1882. 2623. Catalogue of the muniments of the dean and chapter of Lichfield. Analysis of the Magnum registrum album. Catalogue of §57] Local Records and Local Annals 451 the muniments of the Lichfield vicars. By J- C. Cox. Wm. Salt Archiwl. Soc, Collections, vol. vi. pt. ii. London, [1886]. The Registrum Album was compiled in the 14th century. The documents entered in it are mainly of the 13th century, and most of them concern the dean and chapter. 2624. Register of Roger de Norbury, bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, 1322-58 : an abstract of its contents and remarks. By Bishop [Edmund] Hobhouse. Ibid., i. 241-88. Birmingham, [1881]. 2625. Sacrist's roll of Lichfield cathedral, 1345, ed. J. C. Cox. Ibid., vi. pt. ii. 199-221. London, [1886]. 2626. Thomae Chesterfeld canonici Lichfeldensis Historia de episcopis Coventrensibus et Lichfeldensibus [a.d. 656-1347, with a continuation to 1559], ed. Henry Wharton, Anglia Sacra, i. 421-59. London, 1691. The author died about 1 451. u. SUFFOLK, AND SURREY. See Nos. 613, 2512, 2532 a, 2764; and, for the Annals of Ber- mondsey and Waverley, Nos. 1691, 1695. Suffolk : Bury St. Edmunds. 2627. tLiber de consuetudinibus monasterii S. Edmundi. n.p., [1838.] 2628. *Memorials of St. Edmund's abbey, ed. Thomas Arnold. Roils Series. 3 vols. London, 1890-96. Various works on the life and miracles of St. Edmund, i. 3-208, ii. 137- 250. Chronica, by Joceline de Brakelond, 1173-1203, i. 209-336: a valuable account of the history of the abbey, written early in the 13th century. Also edited by J. G. Rokewode for the Camden Society, 1840. Trans- lated by T. E. Tomlins : Monastic and Social Life in the Twelfth Cen- tury, London, 1844 ; 2nd edition, 1845. Annales S. Edmundi, 1032-1212, ii. [ iii. 35S-68. G G 2 3-25. Also edited by Liebermann (No. 586). Three accounts of elections of abbots, 1213-1302, ii. 29-130, 253-9, 299- 323- Expulsion of Franciscans from Bury, 1257-63, ii. 263-85. Conflicts between the abbot and the bur- gesses of Bury, 1327-31, ii. 327-61. Chronica Buriensis, 1020-1346, iii. i- 73- Fifteenth-century letters, iii. 24I-79. By-laws of the weavers of Bury, 1477, 452 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [paet iv 2629. Wills and inventories from the registers of the commissary of Bury St. Edmunds and the archdeacon of Sudbury [1370-1650], ed. Samuel Tymms. Camden Soc. [London], 1850. Suffolk : Hadleigh and Ipswich. The Domesday of Ipswich, a collection of municipal ordinances, compiled 19 Edward I., is printed in the Black Book of the Ad- miralty (No. 2145), vol. ii. See C. H. E. White, The Ipswich Domes- day Books, Suffolk Institute of Archaeology, Proceedings, i883, vi. 195-219. 2630. Calendar of early Suffolk wills : Ipswich registry, 1444- 1620. East Angna?i, new series, vols. i.-v. passim. Ipswich, etc., i885-[94]. — Calendar of wills at Ipswich, 1444-1600. By F. A. Crisp. [London], 1895. 2631. Extenta manerii de Hadleghe [Hadleigh, 1305], ed. Hugh Pigot. Suffolk Institute of ArchcBology, Proceedings, iii. 229-52. Lowestoft, 1863. 2632. Principal charters which have been granted to the corpora- tion of Ipswich [11 99-1688. By Richard Canning.] London, 1754. pp. 85. Translation only. 2633. Two rentals of the priory of the Holy Trinity in Ipswich, temp. Hen. III. and Edw. I. [ed. W. P. Hunt]. Ipswich, 1847. pp. 16. Surrey : Dulwich, Kingston, etc. 2634. Catalogue of MSS. and muniments of AUeyn's college of God's Gift, Dulwich. By G. F. Warner. London, 1881. Deeds, court rolls, etc., of Dulwich manor, 1323-1626, pp. 272-336. 2635. Charters of the town of Kingston-upon-Thames [1208- 1662]. By George Roots. London, 1797. Translation only. 2636. Extracts from the court rolls of the manor of Dulwich, 1333-1693, ed. F. B. Bickley, in William Young's History of Dulwich College, ii. 266-320. London, etc., 1889. 2637. Extracts from the court rolls of the manor of Wimbledon [1461-1864, with a translation, ed. P. H. Lawrence]. London, 1866. § 57] Local Records and Local Annals 453 2638. The records of Merton priory. By Alfred [C] Heales. London, 1898. A calendar, 1114-1539, with an appendix of charters, etc., 1121-1538. Useful, but contains many errors. V. SUSSEX. For the chronicle of Battle abbey, see No. 1751. 2639. tCalendar of charters and documents relating to the abbey of Robertsbridge. n.p., 1873. 2640. Charters of the Cinque Ports [Edward I.-Charles II., with a translation], ed. Samuel Jeake. London, 1728. For the custumals of the Cinque Ports, see No. 976. 2641. Churchwardens' accounts of the parish of Cowfold [1460- 85], ed. W. B. Otter. Sussex ArchcBol. Soc, Collections, ii. 316-25. London, 1849. 2642. Custumal of Pevensey, 1356, ed. L. B. Larking. Sussex ArchceoL Soc, Collections, iv. 209-18. London, 185 1. — Translated, ibid., 1866, xviii. 49-52. 2643. Custumals of Battle abbey, 1283-13 12, ed. S. R. Scargill Bird. Camden Soc. [London], 1887. Contains extents and rentals of various manors in Sussex, Berks, Essex, Hants, Kent, Oxfordshire, Surrey, and Wilts. Valuable. 2644. Descriptive catalogue of the original charters, monastic chartulary, manorial rolls, etc., constituting the muniments of Battle abbey. On sale by Thomas Thorpe. London, 1835. This collection is now in the library of Thomas Phillipps, at Cheltenham. 2645. Documents relating to Lewes priory [fourteenth century], with translations, ed. J. R. Daniel-Tyssen. Sussex ArchceoL Soc, Collections, xxv. 136-51. Lewes, 1873. 2646. Early statutes of the cathedral church of the Holy Trinity, Chichester [mainly 1232-51], ed. M. E. C. Walcott. Soc. of Antiq. of London^ Archaeologia, xlv. 143-234. London, 1880 [1877]. Also separately printed. 454 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv 2647. Medieval registers of the bishops of Chichester. By M. E. C. Walcott. Royal Soc. of Literature, Trans., and series, ix. 215-44. London, 1870. An abstract of the contents of four registers, 1396-1502. For other docu- ments relatmg to Chichester cathedral, see No. mo. 2648. Survey of the church of the college of Mailing, near Lewes, ed. J. R. Daniel-Tyssen. Sussex Archceol. Soc, Collections, xxi. 159-90. Lewes, 1869. Two inquests or surveys of the lands of the collegiate church of Mailing, 40 Edward III. and 21 Richard II. 2649. Translation of a Latin roll, dated 31 Edward IIL, relating to the liberties of Battle abbey. By J. R. Daniel-Tyssen and M. A. Lower. Ibid., xxvi. 152-92. Lewes, 1875. w. WALES. For Flintshire and other Welsh records, see Nos. 2292-6 ; for the topography, etc., of Wales, No. 1782 ; for Welsh annalists, Nos. 51, 1682, 1684, 1728; and for Welsh MSS. in the British Museum, No. 515. General. 2650. *Cart3e et alia munimenta quse ad dominium de Glamorgan pertinent, ed. G. T. Clark. 4 vols. Dowlais, etc., 1885-93. Contains charters, extents, inquests post mortem, pleas, etc., A.D. 44I-1721 ; in all there are 1456 documents. 2651. Extent of Merionethsliire, temp. Edw. L Cambrian Archceol. Assoc, Archaeologia Cambrensis, 3rd series, xiii. 183-92. London, 1867. 2652. Extent or survey by inquisition of the county of Glamorgan [a list of knights' fees, with their value, 1262, ed. G. T. Clark]. Royal Archceol. Ittstitute of Great Britain, Archaeol. Journal, xxviii. 60-65. London, 187 1. — 'Extentas de Kairdiff, Lantrissen, Lan- guniht, Neht, Laniltwit, et Liswrini,' in the county of Glamorgan [1262, ed. G. T. Clark]. Ibid., xxviii. 309-14. London, 1871. 2653. On the early charters to towns in south Wales. ByR. W. B[anks]. Ca7nbrian Archceol. Assoc, Arch^ologia Cambrensis, 4th series, ix. 81-101. London, 1878. — Charters referred to in the §57] Local Records and Local Annals 455 paper of Mr. Banks on the early charters to towns. Ibid., x., supple- ment, pp. xxvi.-xlvi. London, 1879. Contains charters granted to Aberystwyth, Builth, Carmarthen, Haverford- west, Laugharne, Montgomery, and St. Clears, Henry HI. -Richard H. Valu- able. 2654. On the Welsh records in the time of the Black Prince. ByR. W. B[anks]. Ibid., iv. 157-88. London, 1873. Deals especially with the Record of Caernarvon (No. 2657). 2655. Original documents. Ibid., x., supplement, pp. i.-lxxii. London, 1879. Carmarthen, xlvi.-li. Temporalities of the bishopric of St. Asaph, 19-32 Edw. IH., Ixiii.- Ixxii. Charters relating to Glamorgan county, Henry I. -Henry VH., xv.-xxvi. Charters referred to by Mr. Banks (No. 2653), xxvi.-xlvi. Charters relating to St. John's priory, 2656. Original documents, printed as a supplement to the Archseologia Cambrensis. London, 1877. Accounts relating to Beaumaris castle, Edw. IL-Edw. HI., pp. xviii.-lxxii. Glamorganshire charters (relating to the family of Carne of Nash, Edw. I. -1558, etc.), pp. Ixxiii.-lxxxvi. , clxxv.-cxci. Roll of fealty on the accession of the Black Prince to the principality of Wales (ministers' accounts, 16-17 Edw. HI.), pp. cxlviii.-clxxv. 2657. *Registrum vulgariter nuncupatum ' The record of Caer- narvon.' Record Com. [London], 1838. Parliamentary petitions firom communi- ties, etc., of north Wales, 33 Edw. I., 212-25. Taxation of the clergy of the diocese of Bangor (undated), 226-30. Extent of the temporalities of the see of Bangor, 22 Rich. II., 231-7. Survey of the temporalities of PrestoU abbey, 48 Edw. HI., 249-51. Extent of Merioneth, 7 Hen. V., 261- 92. 2654 ; and, for various other extents, Seebohm's Tribal System (No. Extents of manors, chiefly 26 Edw. HI. , in the counties of Carnarvon and Anglesey, 1-91. Other extents of commots and manors, I335> PP- 92-116. Quo warranto proceedings relating to the bishop of Bangor, to various boroughs and religious houses, etc., in north Wales, temp. Edw. III., 133-207. See No 1 1 16). 2658. Surveys of Gower and Kilvey and of several mesne manors, ed. Charles Baker and G. G. Francis. Cambrian Arcluwl. Assoc. London, [1870]. Extracts from the survey of Landewi, 1326, pp. 191-4- The other surveys are of the i6th and 17th centuries. 456 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [paet iv Brecon, Brorafield, and Cardiff. 2659. Cardiff records ; being materials for a history of the county borough [i 147-1830], ed. J. H. Matthews. 2 vols. Car- diff, etc., 1898-1900. Valuable. 2660. Cartularium prioratus S. Johannis de Brecon, ed. R. W. Banks. Catfibrian Archceol. Assoc, Archseologia Cambrensis, 4th series, xiii. 275-308, xiv. 18-49, i37~68, 221-36, 274-311. London, 1882-83. A valuable collection of charters, 1100-1314, with a few other later docu- ments. 2661. Proceedings before the commissioners appointed by the lords of the lordship of Bromfield and Yale, and statutes made at the great court of that lordship [in 1467]. Ibid., ist series, ii. 147-52, 210-15, 335-38; iii. 66-68, 107-10. London, 1847-48. Carmarthen and Conway. 2662. Cartularium S. Johannis Bapt[istse] de Caermarthen [ed. Thomas Phillipps]. Cheltenham, 1865. pp. 59. The contents are mainly of the 13th and 14th centuries. 2663. Conway castle, ed. C. H. Hartshorne. Cambrian ArchcBol. ^w^^., Archaeologia Cambrensis, 2nd series, V. 1-12. London, 1854. Contains a roll of expenses for building one of the halls, 31 Edward I. 2664. Register and chronicle of the abbey of Aberconway [to 1283], ed. Henry Ellis. Camden Soc, Miscellany, i. 1-23. [London], 1847. Meagre. 2665. Royal charters and historical documents relating to the town and county of Carmarthen, and the abbeys of Talley and Tygwyn-ar-Daf [i 201-1590, with a translation], ed. J. R. Daniel- Tyssen. Carmarthen, 1878. Denbig-h and Harlech. 2666. Documents relating to the town and castle of Harlech [i 284-1650]. Cambrian Archceol. Assoc, Archaeologia Cambrensis, i. 246-67, iii. 49-55. London, 1846-48. § 57] Local Records and Local Annals 457 2667. The medieval history of Denbighshire : the records of Denbigh and its lordship. By John Williams. Vol. i. Wrexham, i860. •Extent' of the honour and castle of 131 1, pp. 99- 108. Denbigh (abstract), 1334, pp. 1-63. i Charter granted to the borough of Den- Inquest post mortem of the estates of ' high, 1290, pp. 119-24. Henry de Lacy, earl of Lincoln, , Kemeys, Kenfig, and Kidwelly. 2668. Baronia de Kemeys, from the original documents at Bronwydd. Cambrian ArchceoL Assoc. London, [1862]. Transcript of the register book of the barony, containing charters, agreements, receivers' accounts, etc., Henry IH.-Elizabeth, 47-124. 2669. Cartje baronise de Kemeys in com[itatuJ Pembroke, ed. Thomas Phillipps. Middle Hill Press, 1841. pp. 30. Several of them are royal charters granted to the earls of Pembroke, inspect- ing inquisitions, etc. 2670. Kenfig charters. Cambrian Archceol. Assoc, Archseologia Cambrensis, 4th series, ii. 172-90, 243-56, 313-19. London, 187 1. Contains charters granted to the borough, 1397-1423, and town ordinances of 1330. 2671. Kidwelly charters. Ibid., 3rd series, ii. 273-Si, iii. 1-22. London, 1856-57. Charters granted to the borough, 1357-1619 ; translation only. Llandaff and Margam. For the Annals of INIargam, see No. 1684. 2672. Contribution towards a cartulary of Margam [circa 1166- 1525, ed. G. T. Clark]. Ibid., xiii. 311-34; xiv. 24-59, 182-96, 345-82. London, 1867-68. 2673. Descriptive catalogue of the Penrice and Margam abbey MSS. [in Penrice castle] in the possession of Miss Talbot of Margam. By W. de Gray Birch. 3 series. London, 1893-95. 2674. [Liber Landavensis.] The text of the book of Lan Dav. Reproduced from the Gwysaney manuscript by J. G. Evans, with the co-operation of John Rhys. Oxford, 1893. Completed about 11 32. Contains charters, papal bulls, lives of eminent prelates of Llandaff, etc., circa A.D. 470-1132. There is an older edition by W. J. Rees : Liber Landavensis, or the Ancient Register of the Cathedral Church 458 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv of Llandaff, with a translation (Welsh MSS. Society, Llandovery, 1840). Cf. Original MS. of the Liber Landavensis, by A. W. Haddan, in Archceologia Cam- brensis, 3rd series, 1868, xiv. 311-28. Montg-omery, Neath, and Ruthin. 2675. Court rolls of the lordship of Ruthin of the reign of Edward I. Edited, with a translation, by R. A. Roberts. Soc. of Cymmrodorion, Record Series, no. ii. London, 1893. pp. 61. 2676. Montgomery : ancient charters of the borough [Henry IV.- Charles II., with a translation]. Powysland Club, Collections, xxi. 1-34. London, 1887. 2677* Original charters and materials for a history of Neath and its abbey [11 29-1 747], ed. G. G. Francis. Swansea, 1845. See also David Lewis, Notes on the Charters of Neath Abbey, in Archseologia Cambrensis, 5th series, 1887, iv. 86-I15. St. Asaph, Strata Florida, and Swansea. 2678. Charters granted to Swansea, the chief borough of the seignory of Gower [1215-1837, with a translation], ed. G. G. Francis. [London], 1867. Valuable. 2679. Documents and charters connected with the history of Strata Florida abbey [i 166-1540]. Ca?>il>rian ArchceoL Assoc, Archseologia Cambrensis, iii. 191-213. London, 1848. 2680. Summa Libri rubei Asaphensis. Collectanea Topog. et Genealoglca (No. 820), ii. 255-79. London, 1835. A register of the bishops of St. Asaph, containing documents of the 13th and 14th centuries. For an index, etc., see Archaeologia Cambrensis, 3rd series, 1868, xiv. 151-66, 329-40, 433-43- X. WARWICKSHIRE AND WILTSHIRE. For an interesting inquisition regarding the manorial customs of Sutton Coldfield, 3 Edward II., see Dugdale, Antiquities of Warwick- shire, 1730, ii. 911-12; and for records of Wiltshire, Nos. 1145, 2408. Warwickshire : Coventry, Stratford, etc. 2681. Charters and MSS. of Coventry : their story and purport. By T. W. Whitley. 2 pts. Warwick, [1897-98]. pp. 44 + 39- Contains translations of charters granted to the church and the borough of Coventry in the nth and 12th centuries. § 57] Local Records and Local Annals 459 2682. Extenta manerii [et burgi] de veteri Stratford facta anno quinto-decimo pontificatus domini Walteri de Cantilupo [1252. Middle Hill Press, 1840?] pp. 8. 2683. Records of Rowington : extracts from the deeds in the possession of the feoffees of the Rowington charities, with an appen- dix of MSS. from the public record office, ed. J. W. Ryland. Birm- ingham, [1896]. Charters, 1141-1895, pp. I-S3. Extracts from public records, etc., 1 086- 1 648, pp. 1 19-216. 2684. Records of Wroxall abbey, ed. W, K. Boyd. In prepara- tion. 2685. Register of the guild of Knowle, 1451-1535, ed. W. B. Bickley. Birmingham and Midland Institute. Walsall, 1894. 2686. Selected list of charters and other evidences belonging to the corporation of Coventry. [By J, Fetherston. Coventry, 187 1.] PP- 35- Wiltshire : Alton Barnes, Malmesbury, etc. 2687. Collections towards the history of the Cistercian abbey of Stanley, ed. W. de Gray Birch. Wiltsh. Archaol. and Nat. Hist. Soc, Magazine, xv. 239-307. Devizes, 1875. A small collection of charters, 1 1S6-1363, and a calendar of documents of the abbey. 2688. Farmers' and collectors' accounts : Alton Barnes, 1455- 1531, and Takeley, Essex, 1473-75, ed. J. E. T. Rogers, History of Agriculture and Prices (No. 1199), iii. 705-15. Oxford, 1882. 2689. Records of Wiltshire parishes [Cholderton and Bratton]. Wiltshire Notes arid Queries, vols, i.-iii. passim. London, 1893-99. Contains translations of extracts from inquests post mortem, feet of fines, assize and subsidy rolls, etc., 1066-1770 ; those for Bratton are taken mainly from the Edinglon chartular}'. 2690. *Registrum Malmesburiense : the register of Mai mesbury abbey, ed. J. S. Brewer. Rolls Series. 2 vols. London, 1879-80. Begins with public documents : Magna Carta, the forest charter, and statutes of the 13th century. Then follows a detailed account of the property of the abbey in Malmesbury and the neighbourhood : dues of the inhabitants of Malmes- bury and a rent roll of the manors outside the town. Then come charters, A.D. 685 to the end of the 13th century. 460 A.D. 1 066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv 2691. Rent roll of the abbey of Malmesbury, 12 Edward [II.], ed. J. Y. Akermann. Soc. of Antiq. of London^ Archaeologia, xxxvii. 273-303- London, 1857. 2692. Sheriffs turn (The), co. Wilts, a.d. 1439. By J. E. Jackson. Wiltsh. Archczol. and Nat. Hist. Soc, Magazine, xiii. 105-18. Devizes, etc., 1872. Translation of the record of a tourn held for the crown in various hundreds. 2693. Survey of the manor and forest of Clarendon, in 1272, ed. Thomas Phillipps. Soc. of Antiq. of London, Archseologia, xxv. 151-8. London, 1834. Wiltshire : Salisbury, City and Diocese. 2694. Charters and documents illustrating the history of the cathedral, city, and diocese of Salisbury in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. Selected from the capitular and diocesan registers by W. [H.] R. Jones. Edited by W. D. Macray. Rolls Series. London, 1891. Contains charters, papal bulls, cathedral regulations, constitutions of Bishop Poore (circa 1223), documents concerning episcopal elections, etc. 2695. Churchwardens' accounts of S. Edmund and S. Thomas, Sarum, 1443-1702, with other documents, ed. H. J. F. Swayne. Wilts Record Soc. Salisbury, 1896. Elaborate and valuable. 2696. Gleanings from the archives of Salisbury, ed. H. J. F. S[wayne]. Salisbury and Winchester Journal, Nov. 25, 1882-Dec. 27, 1884. Sahsbury, 1882-84. An important collection of charters, extracts from town accounts, etc., from the 13th to the 17th century inclusive. 2697. Institutiones clericorum in comitatu Wiltoniae, 1 297-1810, ed. Thomas Phillipps. 2 vols. Middle Hill Press, 1825. Gives names of churches, chapels, hospitals, etc., together with the names of the clergy presented to them and the patrons who presented. The material is derived from episcopal registers. 2698. Statuta et consuetudines ecclesiae cathedralis Sarisberiensis [1091-1697], ed. E. A. Dayman and W. H. R. Jones. Bath, 1883. § 57] Local Records and Local Annals 461 2699. Vetus registrum Sarisberiense : the register of S. Osmund, ed. W. H. R. Jones. Rolls Series. 2 vols. London, 1883-84. S. Osmundi consuetudinarium, i. 1-185 : divine services. Cf. Wiltsh. Archseol. and Nat. Hist. Soc, Magazine, 1881, xix. 321-41. Vetus registrum, i. 187-271, 315-93 ; ii. 3-124 : charters, letters, bulls, etc., 1091-circa 1276. Visitatio ecclesiarum, 1 220-24, '• 273- 314- y. WORCESTERSHIRE. See No. 1153. Evesham, Hagley Hall, and Madresfield. 2700. *Chronicon abbatise de Evesham ad annum 141 8, ed. W. D. Macray. Rolls Series. London, 1863. Bks. i.-ii. contain the life and miracles of St. Egwin, bishop of Worcester {d. 717). Bk. iii., which sets forth the actual history of the abbey from 714 to 1418, was written by Thomas of Marlborough, abbot of Evesham (1230-36), as far as the year 1214, and from 1214 to 141S by an unknown continuator. The work furnishes us with a vivid picture of the inner life of a great monastery. Much attention is devoted to the struggle of the abbey to secure exemption from the visitations of the bishop of Worcester, 1202-1206, pp. 109-200; and the constitutions of the abbey, 1214, are given in full, pp. 205-22. For some records of the abbey, see No. 613. 2701. Descriptive catalogue of the charters and muniments of the Lyttelton family, at Hagley hall. By I. H. Jeayes. London, 1893. 2702. Excerpta e scrinio maneriali de Madresfield. n.p., 1873, pp. 46. Mainly court rolls, 6 Richard IL-9 Henry IV. Worcester : City and Diocese. See Nos. 1698, 2214; and, for annals of the see of Worcester, Wharton, Anglia Sacra, i. 467-550. 2703. Annals of the hospital of S. Wulstan, or the commandery of the city of Worcester ; with a chartulary of the said hospital [circa 1230-1513]. By F. T. Marsh. Worcester, etc., 1890. 2704. Antiquitates prioratus Majoris Malverne cum chartis origi- nalibus easdem illustrantibus ex registris sedis episcopalis Wigor- niensis [i 279-1314, ed. William Thomas]. London, 1725. Most of the documents here printed, app. 1-204, arc taken from the register of Godfrey Giffard, bishop of Worcester from 1268 to 1302. Sec No. 2706, 462 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [paet iv 2705. Calendar of wills and administrations registered in the consistory court of the bishop of Worcester, 1451-1642. By E. A. Fry. Pt. i. IVorcestersh. Hist. Soc. [Hertford], 1899. pp. 98. 2705 a. Catalogue of manuscript records and printed books in the library of the corporation of Worcester. By Richard Woof. W^orcester, 1874. 2706. Episcopal registers, diocese of Worcester : Register of Bishop Godfrey Giffard, 1 268-1 302, ed. J. W. Wilhs-Bund. Pts. i.- ii., A.D. 1268-84. IVorcestersh. Hist. Soc. Oxford, 1898-99. This is a calendar of Giffard's Register. 2707. Register of the diocese of ^^'orcester during the vacancy of the see, usually called ' Registrum sede vacante,' 1301-1435, ed. J. W. Willis-Bund. IVorcestersh. Hist. Soc. Oxford, [i893]-97. Contains documents relating to the election of a new bishop, and to the general administration of the diocese during the Vacancy of the episcopate : letters, writs, institutions, etc. Valuable. 2708. *Registrum sive liber irrotularius et consuetudinarius prioratus beatae Marine Wigorniensis, ed. W. H. Hale. Camden Soc. London, 1865. A few of the documents are of a public nature (the Pro\-isions of Merton, etc.). There are also royal, episcopal, and private charters relating to the church of Worcester, together with pleadings before the itinerant justices. The larger portion of the volume comprises a valuable rental of the possessions of the monastery in the middle of the 1 3th century. z. YORKSHIRE. See Nos. 1729, 2222, 2462. General : Deeds, Wills, etc. 2709. Abstracts of old deeds. By Charles Jackson. Yorksh. Archceol. and Topog. Assoc, Journal, vi. 58-72. London, 1881. Most of them are of the 14th and 15th centuries. 2710. . Yorkshire deeds. By A. S. Ellis. Ibid., xii. 92- 115, 230-62, 289-308, xiii. 44-83. London, 1893-95. English abstracts, 1236-1530. 271 1. Early Yorkshire schools, ed. A. F. Leach. Vol. i. : York, Beverley, Ripon. Yorksh. Archceol. Soc, Record Series, vol. xxvii. [London], 1899. § 57] Local Records and Local Annals 463 2712. Notes on the religious and secular houses of Yorkshire, extracted from the public records. By W. P. Baildon. Vol. i. YorksJi. Archceol. Soc, Record Series, vol. xvii. [London], 1895. Mainly abstracts of cases in the plea rolls relating to abbeys and priories, Henry IIL-Henry VIIL 2713. Plumpton correspondence : a series of letters, chiefly domestic, written in the reigns of Edward IV., Richard III., Henry VII., and Henry VIIL, ed. Thomas Stapleton. Camden Soc. London, 1839. The correspondence of a prominent Yorkshire family, preceded by biographi- cal notices of its members. 2714. Testamenta Eboracensia : a selection of wills from the registry at York [1300-1531, ed. James Raine]. Surtees Soc. 5 vols. Durham, etc., [i836]-84. — Index of wills in the York registry, 1389-15 14. [By Francis Collins.] Yorksh. Archceol. and Topog. Assoc, Record Series, vol. vi. [Worksop], 1889. 2715. Testamenta Leodiensia [i 391-15 24], ed. W. Brigg. T/ioresby Soc, Miscellanea, i. 98-110, 205-14; ii. 1-16, 139-47. Leeds, 1891-95. 2716. Wills and inventories from the registry of the archdeaconry of Richmond, extending over portions of the counties of York, Westmoreland, Cumberland, and Lancaster [1442-1579], ed. James Raine. Surtees Soc. Durham, etc., [1853]. Beverley, Calverley, Doncaster, and Elslack. 2717. Borough of Doncaster : corporation records, ed. W. J. Hardy. Vol. i. : Calendar to royal charters and ancient title deeds. Will probably be issued in 1900. Vol. ii. will comprise a calendar to court rolls of the manor of Doncaster, 23 Heniy VI.-5 James I., etc. 2717 a. Calverley charters. Thoresby Soc, Publications, vol. vi. pt. i. [Leeds, 1894.] Contains 114 charters granted to members of the Calverley family, Henry II.- 1344- 2718. Charters relating to the manors of Elslack and Glusburne [Henry III. -Charles I.]. Collectanea Topog. et Genealogica (No. 820), vi. 123-47, 301-33. London, 1840. 464 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [paetiv 2719. Memorials of Beverley minster : the chapter-act book of the collegiate church of S. John of Beverley, 1 286-1347, ed. A. F. Leach. Vol. i. [i 286-1322]. Surtees Soc. Durham, etc., 1898. For records of the Beverley sanctuary, see No. 2347 ; other records, No. 613. 2720. Beverley town documents, ed. A. F. Leach. Selden Soc. Will be published in 1900. Fountains Abbey, Guisbrough, and Harwood. 2721. Cartularium prioratus de Gyseburne [Guisbrough] ordinis S. Augustini [ed. William Brown]. Surtees Soc. 2 vols. Durham, etc., 1889-94. Contains mainly grants to the priory ; extracts from the registers of the archbishops of York, ii. 358-411 ; and a rent roll of the priory, circa 1300, ii. 412-50. Valuable. 2722. Harwood evidences : Redman of Harwood and Levens, ed. George Duckett. Yorksh. Archceol. and Topog. Assoc, Journal, iv. 85-113. London, 1877. Extracts from charters, wills, etc. Henry II. -Henry VIII. 2723. Memorials of the abbey of St. Mary of Fountains, ed. J. R. Walbran. Surtees Soc. 2 vols. Durham, etc., 1863-78. Memorials of the origin and history of the abbey (two brief Latin chronicles, to about 1442 ; one of them written about 1207), i. 1-155. Documents relating to the history of the abbey, 1132-1574, i. 156-418; and to the franchises of the abbey, 1 135-1508, ii. 1-80. Valuable. Kirkstall Abbey. 2724. Charters relating to possessions of Kirkstall abbey, ed. F. R, Kitson and others. Thoresby Soc, Miscellanea, i. 42-59, 81- 116. Leeds, 1891. Contains sixty-four charters, 1210-1525. 2725. Coucher book of Kirkstall abbey. Thoresby Soc, Publica- tions, vol. viii. pt. i. [Leeds, 1896.] Contains charters, final concords, papal bulls, pleas, etc., mainly of the 13th century. 2726. Foundation of Kirkstall abbey [from a manuscript of the fifteenth century], ed. E. K. Clark. Thoresby Soc, Miscellanea, [ii.] 169-208. Leeds, 1895. § 57] Local Records and Local Annals 465 2727. Rent roll of Kirkstall abbey [1459], ed. John Stansfeld. Ibid., i. 1-21. Leeds, 1891. Knaresborough, Marrick, and Melton. 2728. Abstracts of deeds in the possession of James Montagu of Melton-on-the Hill, near Doncaster, ed. Charles Jackson. Yorksh. ArchccoL and Topog. Assoc, Journal, v. 227-40. London, 1879. They are of the 13th and 14th centuries. 2729. Charters of St. Andrew's priory in the parish of IN'Iarrigg [Marrick, Henry H. -Henry A^HL] Collectanea Topog. et Genea- logica (No. 820), V. 100-124, 221-59. London, 1838. 2730. Notes from the Knaresborough court rolls, 1332-1731, ed. G. W. Marshall, Miscellanea Marescalliana, ii. pt. i. 84-96. [Exeter, 1885.] Middleham, Pickering, Pontefract, and Ribston. 2731. Chartulary of St. John of Pontefract, ed. Richard Holmes. Vol i. [circa 1090-1258]. Yorksh. ArchceoL Soc, Record Series, vol. XXV. [Leeds], 1899. Valuable. 2732. Documents relating to the foundation and antiquities of the collegiate church of Middleham [147 7-1 786], ed. William Atthill. Camden Soc. [London], 1847. For the statutes of this church, 1478, see the Archceological Journal, 1S57, xiv. 160-70. 2733. *Honor and forest of Pickering, ed. R. B. Turton. North Riding Record Soc, Records, new series, vols, i.-iv. London, 1894- 97- A valuable collection of charters, eyre rolls of the forest, inquests post mortiim, pleas coram rege, petitions in parliament, lay subsidies, ministers' accounts, etc., chiefly of the I3lh and 14th centuries. Many of the documents are taken from the Coucher Book of the duchy of Lancaster. 2734. Ribston and the knights templars, ed. R. V. Taylor. Yorksh. ArchceoL and Topog. Assoc, Journal, vii. 429-52, viii. 259- 99, ix. 71-98. London, 1 88 2-86. A collection of documents made up largely of charters granting lands to the templars, 1 227-1 504. H H 466 A.D. 1066- 1485 : Original Sources [part iv Richmond, Rievaulx, Ripon, and Roche Abbey. 2735. Acts of chapter of the collegiate church of SS. Peter and Wilfrid, Ripon, 145 2- 1506 [ed. J. T. Fowler]. Siirtees Soc. Durham, etc., 1875. 2736. * . Memorials of the church of SS. Peter and Wilfrid [ed. J. T. Fowler]. Siirtees Soc. 3 vols. Durham, etc., 1882-88. Excerpts from chronicles, etc., grants to the church, papal bulls, etc., 657- 1571, i- 1-332. Extracts from the archbishops' registers at York, 1216-1538, ii. 1-182. Fasti Riponienses, 1272-1885, ii. 184- 354- Fabric rolls, 1354-1542, iii. 88-206. Treasurers' and chamberlains' rolls, 1401-1560, iii. 207-330. 2737. Cartae xvi. ad abbatiam Rupensem spectantes : xvi. charters of Roche abbey, ed. S. O. Addy. Sheffield, 1878. pp. 34. Most of them seem to belong to the 14th century. 2738. Cartularium abbathise de Rievalle ordinis Cisterciensis [ed. J. C. Atkinson]. Surtees Soc. Durham, etc., 18S9. Contains charters of Rievaulx abbey, 1132-1539. Valuable. 2739. *Registrum honoris de Richmond [ed. Roger Gale]. London, 1722. Extent of lands in Richmondshire, 30 I Extenta feodorum, 11-12 Edw. II., lien. II., 20-27. I 64-75. Inquisitiones feodorum, 15 Edw. I., Charters, pleas, etc., 89-I06. 37-64. ' Extenta honoris de Richmond, 8 Edw. I., app. 28-56. The appendix also contains many charters and other records. Selby, Swine, and Whitby. 2740. Cartularium abbathije de \\'hiteby ordinis S. Benedicti [107S-1547, ed. J. C. Atkinson]. Surtees Soc. 2 vols. Durham, etc., 1879-81 Valuable. 2741. Charters of the priory of Swine in Holderness, ed. George Duckctt. Yorksli. Archccol. and Topog. Assoc, Journal, vi. 113-24. London, 1881. They arc of the I2lh and 13th centuries. § 57] Local Records and Local Annals 467 2742. *Coucher book of Selby, ed. J. T. Fowler. Yorksh. Archceol. and Topog. Assoc, Record Series, vols, x., xiii. 2 vols. [Durham], 1891-93. A chartular)^ of the abbey, 1070-1434. It also contains the Historia Selebi- ensis Monasterii, written in 11S4, i. I-54 ; see Freeman, Norman Conquest, iv. 794-8. For an account roll of Selby abbey, 1397-98, see Yorksh. Archseol. Soc, Journal, 1900, xv. 408- iS. 2743. Presentments of the juries at the courts of the abbot of Selby [1472-1533) ed. James Raine], English Miscellanies, 22-34. Surtees Soc. Durham, etc., 1890. York. 2744. Discovery of the register and chartulary of the mercers' company, York [\vith extracts from these records, 1420-1523]. By Charles Kerr}-. Antiquary^ xxii. 266-70, x.xiii. 27-30, 70-73. London, iS 90-91. 2745- Extracts from the municipal records of the city of York, during the reigns of Edward IV., Edward V., and Richard III., ed. Robert Davies. London, 1843. Valuable extracts from the chamberlains' accounts and from the minutes of proceedings of the city council. 2746. Fabric rolls of York minster [1360-1639, with an appendix, 1 165-1704, ed. James Raine]. Surtees Soc. Durham, etc., 1859. 2747. Register of the freemen of the city of York [ed. Francis Collins]. Vol. i., 1272-1558. Surtees Soc. Durham, etc., 1897. 2748. Register of the guild of Corpus Christi in the city of York [1408-37], with an appendix of illustrative documents [ed. R H. Skaife]. Surtees Soc. Durham, etc., 1872. 2749. The register of Walter Gray, archbishop of York [1225-55, with illustrative documents, ed. James Raine]. Surtees Soc. Durham , etc., 1872. For extracts from other episcopal registers of York, see No. 2223. 2750. tThe statutes, etc., of the cathedral church of York [ed. James Raine]. London, 1879. pp. 109. H II 2 468 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv § 58. MISCELLANEOUS : POETRY, ETC. a. Poetry, Nos. 2751-62. b. Household Books and Letters, Nos. 2763 70. c. Wills and Deeds, Nos. 277 1-8. d. Universities and Inns of Court, Nos. 2779-96. e. Commerce, Industry, and Agriculture, Nos. 2797-2801, a. POETRY. In the second half of the twelfth century the poems of Nigel Wireker, John de Hautville, and those ascribed to Walter Map (Nos. 2751, 2761) throw light on the corruptions of the church and the manners of the age. In the fourteenth century Chaucer's Canterbury Tales and Langland's Piers Plowman illumine all sides of religious and social life ; Laurence Minot sings of the wars of Edward III., while Gower and the author of Richard the Redeless devote much attention to the government of Richard II. The political poems from John to Richard III. (Nos. 2754-6) reflect the popular sentiments of the times concerning political and religious questions. Some of them — for example, the Song of Lewes (No. 2755) — are of considerable historical value ; but after the reign of Edward III. their importance wanes. See the histories of English literature by Ten Brink and Morley (Nos. 35, 49) ; J. J. Jusserand, Histoire Litteraire du Peuple Anglais, Paris, 1894 (translated under the title, A Literary History of the English People, London, 1895) ; Gustav Korting, Grundriss der Geschichte der Englischen Litteratur, Miinster, 1887 (2nd edition, 1893). Many metrical biographies are included in §§ 48, 56 d. See also Nos. 1829, 2800. General : Political Poems, etc. 2751. Anglo-Latin satirical poets and epigrammatists of the twelfth century, ed. Thomas Wright. Rol/s Series. 2 vols. London, 1872. Nigelli Speculum stuUorum, i. 3-145 ; Tractatus Nigclli contra curiales et ofliciales clericos, i. 146-230. Both are dedicated to William Longchamp, bishop of Ely, and satirise the follies of the age, especially the corruptions of the church. The author, Nigel Wireker, was precentor of Canterbury. His principal work is the Speculum Stultorum. See Immanuel Welder, Ue Nigello Wirekero, Leipsic, [1679]. Johannis de Allavilla Architrenius, i. 240-392. Written about 1184; the ' Archweeper ' laments over the vices of mankind ; ihe author, John de Hautville, i.s said to have been a monk of St. Albans. § 58] Miscellaneous : Poetry, etc. 469 Alexandri Neckam De vita monachorum, ii. 175-200. For some political poems of the 12th century, edited by C. L. Kingsford, see Englisli Historical Review, 1890, v. 311-26. 2752. Cy ensuyt une chanson moult pitoyable des oppressions qe la povre commune de Engletere souffre soubz la cruelte des justices de Trayllbastun [ed. Francis Cohen, afterwards Sir Francis Palgrave. London, 18 18.] Also contains a poem on the death of Simon de Montfort and two other poems. There is another song on the death of Simon, edited by F. W. Maitland, in English Historical Review, 1896, xi. 314-18. 2753. English and Scottish popular ballads, ed. F. J. Child. 5 vols. Boston, etc., [1882-98]. The best collection of ballads ; admirably edited. Supersedes the older editions of Child's work : 8 vols., 1S57-58 and 1864. 2754. Political poems of the reigns of Henry VI. and Edward IV., ed. Frederic Madden. Soc. of Antiq. of London, Arch^eologia, xxix. 318-47. London, 1842. For some earlier poems, see ibid., 1817, xviii. 21-28, Death of Edward HL, etc. ; 1824, XX. 1-423, Creton's Deposition of Richard H. ; 1827, xxi. 43-78, Siege of Rouen, temp. Hen. V. 2755. *Political songs of England, from the reign of John to that of Edward II. Edited and translated by Thomas Wright. Camden Soc. London, 1839. — Another edition, 'revised' by Edmund Goldsmid, in his Bibliotheca Curiosa. 4 vols, in i. Edinburgh, 1884. Goldsmid omits some of the longer poems printed by Wright. The most valuable song in Wright's volume is that on the battle of Lewes (pp. 72-121), which was written soon after the battle. It is a remarkably bold and complete statement of the baronial programme of constitutional reform. The author was a Franciscan friar. There is an excellent edition of this Latin tract by C. L. Kingsford : The Song of Lewes, Oxford, 1890. On pp. 323-45 Wright prints a song on the times of Edward II., written about 1320, of which we have a better edition by C. Hardwick : A Poem on the Times of Edward II., Percy Society, 1849, pp. 35. 2756. * . Political poems and songs relating to EngUsh history, from the accession of Edward III. to that of Richard III., ed. Thomas Wright. Rolls Series. 2 vols. London, 1859-61. John of Bridlington, i. 123-215. Contains a critical review of the political acts of Edward III., especially from 1327 to 1346, in Latin verse with a prose 470 A.D. 1066-1485 : Original Sources [part iv commentary ; completed about 1370 by an unknown writer who adopts the pseudonym 'John of Bridlington.' The Reconciliation of Richard II. with the City of London, 1393, by Richard de Maidstone {d. 1396), an admirer of Richard II., i. 282-300. Earlier edition, by Thomas Wright, Camden Soc, 1838. The Complaint of the Plowman, also called the Plowman's Tale, i. 304-346. Assails the clergy ; written about 1394. There is a better edition in Skeat's Complete Works of Chaucer (No. 2757), vii. 149-90. Another English poem by this unknown author is Pierce the Plowman's Crede, ed. W. W. Skeat, Early English Text Society, 1867 : a Wyclifite satire, written about 1394 and directed particularly against the friars. John Gower's Corruptions of the Age, Vices of the Different Orders of Society, King Richard II., Tripartite Chronicle, Verses on Henry IV,, etc., i. 346-63, 417-54, ii. 1-15. These poems of Gower assail the government of Richard II. and denounce the Lollards. For his Vox Clamantis, see No. 2758. The Deposition of Richard II., also called Richard the Redeless, i. 368-417. See No. 2759. Jack Upland, ii. 16-39 '• ^^so printed in Skeat's Complete Works of Chaucer (No. 2757), vii. 191-203. A popular indictment of the corruption of the friars, written in 1402. The Libel of English Policy, ii. 157-205. See No. 2800. For two poems on the siege of Harflet (Harfleur) and the battle of Agincourt, see Thomas Hearne's edition of Elham's Vita HenriciV. (Oxford, 1727), 359-75. Chaucer {d. 1400). 2757. Complete works of Geoffrey Chaucer, ed. W. W. Skeat. 7 vols. Oxford, 1894-97. — Poetical works of Chaucer. Edited by Richard Morris, with memoir by [N.] Harris Nicolas. 6 vols. London, 1891. — A six-text print of Chaucer's Canterbury tales, in parallel columns, ed. F. J. Furnivall. Chaucer Soc. 8 pts. London, [1868-77]. — Various other works of Chaucer pu Wished by the Chaucer Society, 1868-98. The Canterbury Tales give vivid glimpses of the social life of England. See William Godwin, Life of Chaucer, 2 vols., London, 1803 (2nd edition, 4 vols., 1804) ; Matthew Browne [W. B. Rands], Chaucer's England, 2 vols., London, 1869; Bernard ten Brink,' Chaucer, pt. i., Mtinster, 1870; T. R. Lounsbury, Studies in Chaucer, 3 vols.. New York, 1S92. Gower (d. 1408). 2758. Complete works of John Gower, ed. G. C. Macaulay. Vol. i. : French works. Oxford, 1900. — Poema quod dicitur Vox clamantis necnon Chronica tripartita auctore Johanne Gower, ed. H. O. Coxe. Roxburghe Club. London, 1850. The Vox Clamantis is an important Latin poem, begun in 1381, which deals § 58] Miscellaneous : Poetry, etc. 471 with the causes of the uprising of 138 1. It gives a vivid picture of llie condition of society, denouncing the vices of the clergy, knights, peasants, merchants, and lawyers. The Tripartite Chronicle inveighs against Richard II. 's public policy from 1386 to 1399, and defends Henry IV. 's usurpation of the throne. Eor some of Gower's other historical poems, see No. 2756. See also Karl Meyer, John Gowers Beziehungen zu Chaucer und Konig Richard II., Bonn, 1889, PP- 73- Langland [d. 1400 ?). 2759. The vision of William concerning Piers Plowman [together with Richard the Redelessj. By William Langland, ed. \\\ ^V. Skeat. Ea7'Iy English Text Soc. 4 pts. London, 1867-85. — The vision of William concerning Piers the Plowman, together with Richard the Redeless, ed. W. W. Skeat. 2 vols. Oxford, 1886. The Vision of Piers Plowman, begun about 1362, throws much light on the social condition of England, especially on the life of the lower classes. It defines the political role of the commons, with whom Langland exhibits sympathy, and attacks abuses in the church. Richard the Redeless, written in 1399, is a valuable poem on the misrule and deposition of Richard II. Other editions, by Thomas Wright: The Deposition of Richard II., Camden Society, 1838; and No. 2756. See Ernst Gunther, Englisches Leben im 14. Jahrhundert, dargestellt nach The Vision of Piers the Plowman, Leipsic, 1889, pp. 62; J. J. Jusserand, Les Anglais au Moyen Age, I'Epopee INIystique de William Langland, Paris, 1893 ; Ziepel, The Reign of Richard II. (No. 2875). Jusserand's work has been translated by M. E. R. : Piers Plowman, a Contribution to the History of English Mysticism, London, 1894. Lewis Glyn Cothi. 2760. The poetical works of Lewis Glyn Cothi, a celebrated bard who flourished in the reigns of Henry VL, Edward IV., Richard IIL, and Henry VIL [ed. John Jones and Walter Davies], The Cymmrodorio?i, or Royal Cambrian Listitution. Oxford, 1837. Welsh poems throwing light on the Wars of the Roses, with an introductory essay on those wars. The author, a native of Glyn Cothi in Carmarthenshire, was also called Lewis y Glyn. Map (< 65. PARLIAMENT AND LEGISLATION. The best authorities are Pike, the Peers' Reports (No. 2944), Riess, and Stubbs, Constitutional History, especially ch. xx. See also §§ 18, 51 ; and, for the reign of Henry III., see Shirley, Royal Letters (No. 21 13), vol. ii. preface, and Bemont and Prothero (Nos. 2830, 2841). There is much valuable material relating to parliament and other institutions in the sessional papers of the house of commons, which are cited throughout the present work as 'Parliamentary Papers.' They form a continuation of the Reports from Committees of the House of Commons, 1715-1802 (15 vols, and index, London, 1773- 1803), and are numbered continuously under each session. An index will usually be found in the last volume for the session. There are also various general indexes, the most important of which are the Catalogue of Parliamentary Reports, 1696- 1834 (London, 1834), and three indexes comprising the years 1801-52, published in 1854, which deal with bills, reports of committees, and accounts and papers respectively. For these and other indexes, see Gross, Biblio- graphy (No. 66), 8-9 ; Index to Catalogue of Books in the Upper [Bates] Hall of the Boston Public Library (Boston, 1861), 335-49, and Supplement (1866), 241-52. See also the General Index of the Sessional Papers printed by Order of the House of Lords, 1801-59 § 65] Parliament and Legislation 495 (London, 1859); 1859-70 (London, 1872). Many of these papers are printed in duplicate in the series of the house of commons. For peerage cases, see § 6g d. 2922. [Allen, John.] Annual parliaments and universal suffrage. Edinburgh Review^ inxvm. 126-50. Edinburgh, 181 7. 2923. Betham, Willl\m. Dignities, feudal and parliamentary. Vol. i. London, 1830. Ireland, 225-379. Deals mainly with parliamentary history. 2924. BouTMY, Emile. La formation du parlement en Angle- terre. Revue des Deux Mondes, Ixviii. 82-126. Paris, 1885. 2925. Cave-Brown, J. Knights of the shire for Kent, 1275- 1831. Kent ArchcEol. Soc, Archaeologia Cantiana, xxi. 198-243. London, 1895. 2926. Clifford, Frederick. A history of private-bill legislation. 2 vols. London, 1S85-87. 2927. [CoBBETT, William.] The parliamentary history of England [1066-1803]. 36 vols. London, 1806-20. This work has superseded No. 2939. 2928. Cooper, W. D. The parliamentary history of Sussex. Lewes, 1834. 2929. Cox, HoMERSHAM, Antient parliamentary elections. London, 1868. Chs. i.-ii. Rural population, etc. Chs. v.-vi. Origin of parliament ; Chs. iii.-iv. County courts. county suffrage. Chs. vii.-ix. Borough electors, etc. Inferior to the work of Riess (No. 2946). 2930. Freeman, E. A. Historical essays. 4th series. London etc., 1892. The house of lords, 425-502. 2931. Hale, Matthew. The jurisdiction of the lords' house. London, 1796. Deals also with the history of the consilium regis, or privy council. 2932. Hatsell, John. Precedents of proceedings in the house of commons. 4 vols. London, 178 1. 3rd edition, 1796; new edition, 1818. Deals mainly with modern precedents. 496 A.D. 1066-1485 : Modern Writers [part iv 2933. House of lords. I. : Its origin, by G. L. Gomme. II. : Its functions, by James Gairdner. III. : Its place of meeting, by H. B. Wheatley. IV. : Transition from tenure to writ, by J. H, Round. Antiquary, vols, ix.-xi. passim. London, 1884-85. 2934. tLoup, R. Macalister. Geschiedenis van het engelsche Kieserecht. Leyden, 1879. 2935. LuDERS, Alexander. A treatise on the constitution of parliament in the reign of Edward I. Bath, 18 18. See also Luders, On the Constitution of Parliament in the Reign of Henry III., in his Tracts on Various Subjects (2 pts., Bath, 1810), ii. 239-326. 2936. Lynch, William. The law of elections in the ancient cities and towns of Ireland. London, 183 1. pp.90. 2937. Palgrave, Francis. Truths and fictions of the middle ages : the merchant and the friar. London, 1837. 2nd edition, 1844. Chs. ii. and iv. contain an interesting account of county elections and of par- liament in the latter part of Edward I.'s reign. See also I'algrave's paper, Courts of the Ancient English Common Law — the Leet, the Shire, Parliament, in Edin- burgh Review, 1822, xxxvi. 287-341. 2938. Park, G. R. The parliamentary representation of York- shire [Edward I.-18S6]. Hull, 1886. 2939. Parliamentary or constitutional history of England : a faithful account of transactions in parliament [1066-1660]. 24 vols. London, 1751-61. 2nd edition, 1761-63. Superseded by No. 2927. 2940. [Parry, C. H.j The parliaments and councils of Eng- land chronologically arranged [1066-1688]. London, 1839. A list of parliaments, with a brief account of the writs issued and the business transacted. Valuable. 2941. Petyt, William. Jus parliamentarium, or the ancient power, jurisdiction, etc., of the most high court ofparUament. 2 pts. London, 1739. 2942. *PiKE, L. O. A constitutional history of the house of lords. London, etc., 1894. The best work on this subject. reports (dealing mainly with the his- tory of the peerage). Vol. V. Fifth report, i.e. appendix v. : patents of creation, etc., Stephen- Edward IV. § 65] Parliament and Legislation 497 2943. Pink, W. D., and Beaven, A. B. Parliamentary represen- tation of Lancashire, 1258-1885. London, 1889. 2944. *Reports from the lords' committees appointed to search the journals of the house, rolls of parliament, and other records for all matters touching the dignity of a peer. 5 vols. London, 1820- 29. Vol. i. First report : historj' of legis- lative assemblies in England, etc. Vols, ii.-iii. Appendix i. to first report : writs of summons, John-Edward IV. Vol. iv. Second report (with app. ii.-iv. to the first report) ; third and fourth The committee was first appointed in 1815, and was often revived between 1816 and 1829. Reports were made in 1S16, 1S17, and 1818 ; the first general report was presented to the lords in 1819, the second in 1820, the third in 1822, the fourth in 1825, the fifth in 1829. Vols, i.-iv. were reprinted for the house of commons in 1826 (Pari. Papers, vols, vi ix.) ; and for the lords in 1829 (Sessional Papers, vols, cclii.-cclvi. ). Vols, i.-iii., which are very valuable for the study of parliamentary historj', will be found also in the Journals of the House of Lords, 1824, Ivi. 470-1104; vol. iv. , ibid. 1820, liii. 364-6 (2nd report), ibid. 1822-23, Iv. 348-463 (3rd report), ibid. 1825, Ivii. 1209-55 (4th report) ; and vol. v., ibid. 1829, Ixi. 729-926. For a valuable criticism of this work, see History of the English Legislature [by John Allen], in Edinburgh Review, 1821, XXXV. 1-43. 2945. Return of the name of every member of the lower house of the parliaments of England, Scotland, and Ireland, with name of constituency represented and date of return, 12 13-1874. Pari. Papers, 1878, vol. Ixii. pts. i.-iii. 3 vols. [London], 1878. Valuable. Pt. iii., which is the index to pt. i. (1213-1702), though ordered to be printed in 1878, seems not to have been published until 1888. The continu- ation of the names of members of parliament to 1885, with an index of names from 1705 to 1885, will be found in Parliamentary Papers, 1890-91 (London, 1891), vol. Ixii. 2946. *RiESS, LuDwiG. Geschichte des Wahlrechts zum engli- schen Parlament im Mittelalter. Leipsic, 1885. The best work on this subject. 2947. • Der Ursprung des englischen Unterhauses. Sybel's Hisi. Zeitschrift, Ix. 1-33. Munich, etc., 1888. Contends that Edward I.'s object in summoning the commons to parliament was not to obtain pecuniary aid. For a criticism of this and the preceding work, see English Hist. Review, 1890, v. 146-56. K K 498 A.D. 1066-1485 : Modern Writers [pabt iv 2948. Selden, John. Judicature in parliaments. London, n.d. — Reprinted in his Opera Omnia, iii. 1587-1660. London, 1726. 2949. . The privileges of the baronage of England when they sit in parliament. London, 1642. — Reprinted in his Opera Omnia, iii. 1473-1548. London, 1726. 2950. Williams, W. R, The parliamentary history of the county of Hereford, 1213-1896. Brecknock, 1896. He has also written books on the parliamentary history of Worcestershire, 1213-1897; Gloucestershire, 1213-1898 ; and Oxfordshire, 1213-1899. 2951. Willis, Browne. Notitia parliamentaria. 3 vols. Lon- don, 1715-50; 2nd edition of vol. i., 1730. This work is now of little value. § 66. THE EXCHEQUER, TAXATION, AND REVENUE. For the general treatises and the original sources see §§ 18, 50 j and for the history of coinage, § 10. For Danegeld, see Nos. 1589- 90. Madox (No. 2959) is the best authority on the history of the exchequer. On the origin of the exchequer, see J. H. Round, Com- mune of London : No. 1018. Dowell's History of Taxation (No. 666) is supplemented by Vincent (No. 1957) for the thirteenth century, and by Ramsay (Nos. 2879, 2960) for the fourteenth and fifteenth. The subject of scutage has recently evoked much discussion. See Round, Feudal England (No. 2827), 262-88, and Studies on the Red Book (No. 1917); Hall, Red Book (No. 1917); vol. ii. preface; Pollock and Maitland, English Law, bk. ii. ch. i. § 3 ; and No. 2952. 2952. Baldwin, J. F. The scutage and knight service in England. Chicago, 1897. 2953. Ferguson, J. F. The court of exchequer in Ireland. Gentlevian^s Magazine^ new series, xliii. 37-44. London, 1855. A brief account. 2954. Gross, Charles. The exchequer of the Jews of England in the middle ages. London, 1887. pp. 63. § 66] The Exchequer, Taxation, and Revenue 499 2955. Hale, Matthew. A short treatise touching sheriffs' accounts. London, 1683. Another edition, 17 16. 2956. . A treatise in three parts : de jure maris ; de portibus maris ; concerning the custom of goods imported and exported. In Francis Hargrave's Collection of Tracts, i. 1-289. Dublin, 1787. 2957. Hall, Hubert. Antiquities and curiosities of the exchequer. London, 1891 ; reprinted, 1898. Valuable. See also his account of the system of the exchequer, in his Intro- duction to the Study of the Pipe Rolls (No. 1920), 35-69 ; and his papers, The Exchequer Chess-Game (Antiquary, 1884, ix. 206-12) and The Site of the Ancient Exchequer at Westminster (Archjeol. Review, 1889, ii. 386-96). 2958. ■ History of the custom-revenue in England. 2 vols. London, 1885. New edition, i vol., 1892. The best work on this subject. See also No. 2798. 2959. *Madox, Thomas. The history and antiquities of the exchequer of England [1066-1327]. London, 1711. 2nd edition, 2 vols., 1769. The best authority on this subject. Contains many extracts from the pipe rolls and other public records. Chs. ii., iii., xix. deal with the officers of the royal household and with the central judicature. 2959 a. Price, George. Treatise on the law of the exchequer, explaining the practice of the court, etc. London, 1830. This elaborate work deals mainly with modern times, but contains much that will interest students of medieval history. 2960. Ramsay, J. H. Accounts [Edward HL-Richard HLj. Antiquary, i. 156-60, iv. 203-10, vi. 100-106, viii. 95-100, x. 191-6, xiv. 96-101, xvi. 185-9, 237-41, xviii. 241-6. London, 1880-88. Contains abstracts of many issue and receipt rolls ; the author deals especially with the sources of royal revenue. See No. 2879. 2961. Round, J. H. The great carucage of 1198. English Hist. Review, iii. 501-10. London, 1888. For the further discussion of this topic, by Kate Norgate, Round, and W. H. Stevenson, see ibid., iii. 702-4, iv. 105-10. 2962. Thomas, F. S. The ancient exchequer of England. London, 1848. This useful little book is a resume and continuation of Madox's treatise (No. 2959)- K K 2 500 A.D. 1 066- 1 48 5 : Modern Writers [part iv 2963. Turner, G. J. The sheriff's farm. Royal Hist. Soc, Trans., new series, xii. 117-49. London, 1898. A scholarly paper. § 67. JUSTICE AND POLICE. The principal modern treatises will be found in §§ 17 c, 20, and the principal sources in § 52. Palgrave's Commonwealth (No. 1496), chs. vi. and ix., deals with frankpledge and police ; chs. vii.-viii. and ii. 176-88, with the jury and older forms of trial; ch. ix. and ii. 1-87, with the eyre system and the king's court. See also the works of Foss and Madox (Nos. 327, 2959). The introduction to Maitland's Select Pleas of the Crown (No. 2051) throws light on the origin of the courts of common pleas and king's bench. The best authorities on the history of the court of chancery are Kerly and Spence (Nos. 2974, 2984). On this subject, see also Hardy's edition of the close rolls (No. 2109), vol. i. introd. ; and Nos. 324, 2970, 2972, 2977-80, 2982, 2986. For the court of exchequer, see Price's Treatise (No. 2959 a). There is no good detailed account of the tribunals of the county and hundred. Some valuable information concerning their history is furnished by Pollock and Maitland, English Law, bk. ii. ch. iii ; Palgrave, Merchant and Friar (No. 2937), ch. ii. ; Riess, Wahlrecht (No. 2946), ch. iii. ; and Maitland (No. 2976). The judicature of parliament and that of the forests are examined in §§ 19, 65, and No. 2052 ; the courts of manors, in Nos. 1584, 1586, 2408, 3054 ; the church tribunals, in No. 811. Legal procedure is most ably dealt with by Pollock and Maitland, Brunner, Thayer, and Bigelow (Nos. 657, 686, 704, 2965). On the jury, see also Nos. 652, 2047, 2975 ; on the frankpledge system, § 45 ; on the functions of the coroner, No. 2047. 2964. Andrews, William. Old-time punishments. Hull, etc., 1891. 2965. *BiGELOW, M. M. History of procedure in England, 1 066- 1 2 04. London, 1880. Ch. iii. deals with the history of the various courts. 2966. Crompton, Rich.^rd. L'authoritie et jurisdiction des courts de la majestic de la roygne. London, 1594. Another edition, 1637. Cites many old cases. § 67] Justice and Police 501 2967. Foss, Edward. Tabul?e curiales, or tables of the superior courts of Westminster hall, showing the judges who sat in them, 1066-1864. 2 pts. London, 1865. 2968. Grazebrook, George. The earl marshal's court in England. Liverpool, 1895. pp. 64. Enlarged from a paper in the Transactions of the Historic Society of Lan- cashire and Cheshire, 1894, xlv. 99-140. Devotes little attention to the medieval history of the court. 2969. Hale, Matthew. Historia placitorum coronse : the history of the pleas of the crown. 2 vols. London, 1736. New editions, 1778, 1800. Valuable ; one of the best historical text-books of the law. 2970. Hardy, T. D. A catalogue of lords chancellors, keepers of the great seal, masters of the rolls, and officers of the court of chancery. London, 1843. See also No. 2109. 2971. Henderson, E. [F.] Verbrechen und Strafen in England, 1066-1307. Berlin, 1890. pp. 74. 2972. Holmes, O. W. Early English equity [uses and contracts]. Law Quarterly Review, i. 162-74. London, 1885. 2973. Howell, T. B. and Howell, T. J. Complete collection of state trials. 34 vols. London, 1809-28. Vol. i. Henry II. -Elizabeth. 2974. Kerly, D. M. An historical sketch of the equitable jurisdiction of the court of chancery. Cambridge, 1890. 2975. Maitland, F. W. The beatitude of seisin. Laiv Quarterly Reviezv, iv. 24-39, 286-99. London, 1888. Deals with the history of the possessory actions. See also his Seisin of Chattels, ibid., 1885, i. 324-41 ; and Andreas Heusler, Die Gewere (Weimar, 1872), 419-41- 2976. . The suitors of the county court. English Hist. Review, iii. 417-21. London, 1888. Contends that all freeholders were not bound to attend the court, but only those who owed suit by the terms of their tenure. On this subject, see also Round's paper in Archaeological Review, 1888, ii. 66-69. 502 A.D. 1066-1485 : Modern Writers [paet iv 2977. Marsh, A. H. History of the court of chancery. Toronto, 1890. Consists largely of extracts from modern treatises. 2978. [Palgrave, Francis.] Origin of equitable jurisdiction. Quarterly Review^ xxxii. 92-125. London, 1825. 2979. Parkes, Joseph. A history of the court of chancery. London, 1828. Superseded by Kerly and Spence (Nos. 2974, 2984). 2980. Pike, L. O. Common law and conscience in the ancient court of chancery. Law Quarterly Review, i. 443-54. London, 1885. For some interesting remarks on the chancer}', see also his edition of the Year Books, 12-13 Edward III. (No. 2053), introd. pp. xci.-cxi. 2981. RiTSON, Joseph. The jurisdiction of the court leet. London, 1791. 3rd edition, 181 6. 2982. Robinson, Conway. History of the high court of chancer}' and other institutions of England. Vol. i. Richmond, Va., etc., 1882. Of little value. 2983. Simpson, H. B. The office of constable. English Hist. Review, x. 625-41. London, 1895. 2984. *Spence, George. The equitable jurisdiction of the court of chancery. 2 vols. London, 1846-49. The most elaborate work on the court of chancery. Pt. i. (vol. i. pp. I-321) traces the outlines of the history of English law so far as it relates to property. 2985. Staunford, William. Les plees del coron. London, 1557. Other editions, 1560, 1567, 1574, 1583, 1607. 2986. Treatise (A) of the maisters of the chauncerie, in Francis Hargrave's Collection of Tracts, i. 291-319. Dublin, 1787. 2987. Willis-Bund, J. W. A selection of cases from the state trials. 2 vols, in 3 pts. Cambridge, 1879-82. Vol. i. Trials for treason, 1327-1660. N § 68] The Army JkHG-NAVv 503 § 68. THE ARMY AND NAVY. See § II, arms and armour ; § 21, general treatises on the army and navy j §§ 53, 54, original sources; and Nos. 426, 636, 826 {Burrows, Cinque Ports), 829, 1018, 2879. For two interesting papers on the archers at Crecy, by H. B. George and J. E. Morris, see EngUsh Hist. Review, 1895, x. 733-8 ; 1897, xii. 427-36. 2988. Boucher de Molandon, Remi, and Beaucorps, Adal- bert DE. L'armee anglaise vaincue par Jeanne d'Arc sous les murs d'Orleans. Orleans, etc., 1892. A valuable account of the organisation of the EngUsh army. Inedited docu- ments, 20^301. 2989. Clinton, H. R. From Crecy to Assye : five centuries of the military history of England. London, [1881]. New edition, 1898. 2990. Delpech, Henrl La tactique au xiii^^^ siecle. 2 vols. Paris, 1886. Deals also with the nth and 1 2th centuries. Valuable, though some of the author's general conclusions are untenable. 2991. Hannay, David. A short history of the royal navy, 1217-1688. London, 1898 [1897]. The account of the medieval navy is very brief. 2992. Hunter, Joseph. Critical and historical tracts. No. x : Agincourt, list of commanders, etc. London, 1850. pp. 56. 2993. Leadman, a. D. H. Proelia Eboracensia : battles fought in Yorkshire. London, 1891. 2994. Nicolas, N. H. History of the battle of Agincourt. London, 1827. 3rd edition, 1833. Contains many extracts from chronicles and records. Valuable. 2995. Oppenheim, Michael. A history of the administration of the royal navy, 1509-1660. London, etc., 1896. The navy before 1509, especially in the 15th century, I-44. 2996. Puiseux, L^on. Siege et prise de Caen par les Anglais en 1417. Caen, 1858. pp. 98. 504 A.D. 1066-1485 : Modern Writers [pabt iv 2996 a. PuiSEUX, LfioN. Siege et prise de Rouen par les Anglais, 1418-19. Caen, 1867. 2997. tRoNciERE, Charles de. Quatrieme guerre navale entre la France et I'Angleterre, 1335-41. Paris, 1898. pp. 59. 2998. Round, J. H. La bataille de Hastings. Revue His- torique, Ixv. 61-77. Paris, 1897. A review of No. 3000. 2999. . The battle of Hastings. Sussex ArchceoL Soc, Collections, xlii. 54-63. Lewes, 1899. A survey of the recent literature of the subject, with a bibliography. See also Round's Feudal England (No. 2827) and his Commune of London (No. 1018). 3000. Spatz, Wilhelm. Die Schlacht von Hastings. Berlin, 1896. pp. 69. Scholarly. See No. 2998. 3001. White, Robert. History of the battle of Bannockburn, 1 3 14. Edinburgh, 187 1. 3002. . History of the battle of Otterburn, 1388. London? etc., 1857. § 69. TENURES OF LAND AND CLASSES OF SOCIETY. a. Law of Inheritance, Nos. 3003-8. b. The Nobility, Feudalism, and Knighthood, Nos. 3009-45. c. Villeins, Nos. 3046-54. d. Jews, Nos. 3055-72. See § 2 2, general works on tenures and classes ; § 24, local history ; § 44, vill and manor. The principal sources are dealt with in §§ SO, 55' 57- a. LAW OF INHERITANCE. On the rights of women as regards inheritance, see Nos. 1544 1546; and on primogeniture. Pollock and Maitland, English Law, bk. ii. ch. vi. 3003. Brunner, Heinrich. Das anglonormannische Erbfolge- system. Leipsic, 1869. pp. 88. Valuable. § 69] Tenures of Land and Classes of Society 505 3004. Cecil, Evelyn. Primogeniture : a short history of its development in various countries. London, 1895. Ch. ii. deals briefly with its history in England. 3005. Corner, G. R. On the custom of borough English [in Suffolk]. Suffolk Institute of Archceotogy, Proceedings, ii. 229-41. Lowestoft, 1859. 3006. . On the custom of borough English in Sussex. Sussex Archccol. Soc, Collections, vi. 164-89. London, 1853. — Also printed separately, London, 1853. On borough English, see also C. J. Elton, Origins of English History (No. 1247), ch. viii. 3007. Gomme, G. L. Widowhood in manorial law. Archceol. Review, ii. 184-97. London, 1888. 3008. Kenny, C. S., and Laurence, P. M, Two essays on the law of primogeniture. [History of the law of primogeniture in Eng- land, by C. S. Kenny, pp. 71. The law and custom of primo- geniture, by P. M. Laurence, pp. 161.] Cambridge, etc., 1878. b. THE NOBILITY, FEUDALISM, AND KNIGHTHOOD. The most elaborate work on the history of the peerage is the Peers' Reports (No. 2944). Much information concerning the nobility may also be obtained from other books mentioned in § 65, notably Pike's House of Lords (No. 2942). For earls and earldoms in the time of Stephen, Round's Geoffrey de Mandeville (No. 2828) should be consulted. Knight service is ably dealt with by the same writer in his Feudal England (No. 2827); see also No. 2952. For works on chivalry and knighthood, see Gatfield's Guide (No. 297), 245-67. General. 3009. Collins, Arthur. Proceedings, precedents, and argu- ments on claims concerning baronies by wTit and other honours. London, 1734. 3010. Gautier, L]^on. La chevalerie. Paris, 1884 ; new edition, [1890]. — Translated by Henry Frith: Chivalry. London, 1891. The best general work on chivalry, but it devotes no particular attention to England. 5o6 A.D. 1066-1485 : Modern Writers [paet iv 301 1. Gneist, Rudolf. Adel und Ritterschaft in England. Berlin, 1853. pp. 103. 3012. Jessopp, Augustus. Studies by a recluse. London, 1893. 3rd edition, 1895. Ch. V. The land and its owners in past times. A good popular account of the various classes and tenures. 3013. Lynch, William. A view of legal institutions, honorary hereditary offices, and feudal baronies established in Ireland during the reign of Henry 11. London, 1S30. Ch. xi. contains writs of military and parliamentary summons, 2 John- 5 James II. 3014. Madox, Thomas. Baronia Anglica : history of land- honors and baronies, and of tenure in capite. London, 1736; re- printed 1 84 1. Contains many extracts from plea rolls and other public records. Valuable. 3015. Mills, Charles. The history of chivalry. 2 vols. London, 1825. Another edition, 2 vols., 1826 ; reprinted, i vol., Philadelphia, 1844. 3016. Nichols, F. ISI. On feudal and obligatory knighthood. Soc. of A)itiq. of Lo}ido)i^ Archaeologia, xxxix. 189-244. London, 1863. 3017. Nicolas, N. H. History of the orders of knighthood of the British empire, etc. 4 vols. London, 1841-42. An elaborate work, entitled The Stall-Plates of the Knights of the Order of the Garter, 134S-1485, by W. H. St. John Hope, will soon be published by Archibald Constable & Co. 3018. Seebohm, Frederic. Feudal tenures in England. Fort- nightly Review, new series, vii. 89-107. London, 1870. A good short account. 3019. Tout, T. F. The earldoms under Edward I. Royal Hist. Soc, Trans., new series, viii. 129-55. London, 1894. Family History and Peerage Cases. Of the many existing family histories and reports of peerage cases those are mentioned below which are particularly rich in records or documentary material. § 69] Tenures of Land and Classes of Society 507 For genealogical books of reference, see § 8. There is a long list of peerage cases and family histories in Gatfield's Guide (No. 297), 284-522. 3020. Authorities and precedents in support of the claim of baron of Berkeley as a peerage by tenure. [London], 1862. 3021. * Burrows, Montagu. The family of Brocas of Beau- repaire and Roche Court, with some account of the English rule in Aquitaine. London, 1886. Contains many charters and other records. Manorial accounts, temp. Edw. III., 296-8, 401-6. 3022. Clark, G. T. The land of Morgan : history of the lord- ship of Glamorgan. London, 1883. Deals with the histor J- of the lords of Glamorgan from the iith to the 14th century. 3023. FiNLASON, W. F. A dissertation on the history of hereditary dignities, with special reference to the case of the earldom of Wiltes. London, 1869. 3024. Grazebrook, H. S. The barons of Dudley. IVm. Salt _ArchceoI. Soc, Collections, vol. ix. pt. ii. London, [1889J. Translation of manorial extents, temp. Edw. I., 25-38. 3025. Gurxey, Daniel. The record of the house of Gournay. London, 1848. — Supplement, 1858. Contains extracts from the pubUc records. 3026. Lords of Avan, of the blood of Jestyn. Cambrian ArchcBol. Assoc, Archaeologia Cambrensis, 3rd series, xiii. 1-44. London, 1867. Appendix of charters, etc. 3027. Marsh, J. F. Annals of Chepstow castle, or six centuries of the lords of Striguil, from the conquest to the revolution. Exeter, 1883. 3028. Minutes of evidence before the committee for privileges to whom the petition of W. F. Berkeley was referred. [London, 1829.] 3029. Minutes of evidence before the committee to whom the petition of Sir B. W. Bridges, claiming to be Baron Fitzwalter, was referred. [London, 1842.] 5o8 A.D. 1066-1485 : Modern Writers [part iv 3030. Minutes of evidence before the committee to whom the petition of Sir H. P. Bedingfeld [praying to be summoned to parliament as Lord Grandison] was referred. [London, 1854.] 3031. Minutes of evidence before the committee to whom was referred the petition of M. F. F. Berkeley. London, [1858]. 3032. Minutes of evidence before the committee to whom was referred the petition of Lord Stourton, praying her majesty to summon him to parliament as Lord Mowbray. [London, 1876.] 3033. [Morgan, G. B.] The titular barony of Clavering : its origin, etc., illustrated from the public records. London, 1891. pp. 44, with facsimiles. 3034. Nicolas, N. H. Report of proceedings on the claim to the barony of LTsle. London, 1829. 3035. • Report of proceedings on the claim to the earldom of Devon, in the house of lords, with appendix of patents and cases illustrative of the claim. By Sir [N.] H. Nicolas. London, 1832. 3036. Notes of evidence relating to the barony of Abergavenny. London, i860. 3037. Notes of evidence relating to the earldom of Arundel. London, i860. 3038. PiLKiNGTON, John. The history of the Lancashire family of Pilkington and its branches, 1066-1600. 2nd edition, Liverpool, 1894. Extracts from the public records, 1355-1460, pp. 6S-85. The first edition seems to have been pubhshed in the Transactions of the Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire, 1894, xlv. 159-218. 3039. Scott, J. R. Memorials of the family of Scott, of Scott's hall, Kent, with an appendix of documents. London, 1876. 3040. [Shirley, E. P.] Stemmata Shirleiana, or the annals of the Shirley family. London, 1841. 2nd edition, 1873. The appendix contains a rent roll of Sir Ralph Shirley, 2 Henry V., deeds, etc. 3041. *SiTWELL, G. R. The barons of Pulford in the eleventh and twelfth centuries and their descendants. Scarborough, 1889. Contains many extracts from the public records. § 69] Tenures of Land and Classes of Society 509 3042. *Smyth, John. The Berkeley MSS. [Vols, i.-ii. : The lives of the Berkeleys, lords of the manor of Berkeley. Vol. iii. : Description of the hundred of Berkeley.] Edited by John Maclean. Bristol a?id Gloiic. Archceo/. Soc. 3 vols. Gloucester, 1883-85. Contains abstracts of many records, and much information concerning the social condition of the people. 3043. Watson, John. Memoirs of the ancient earls of Warren and Surrey. 2 vols. Warrington, 1782. Earher editions, 1776, 1779. 3044. [Wrottesley, George.] History of the family of Wrottesley, co. Stafford. [Pt. i.] Genealogist, new series, vol. xv. supplement. London, [1899]. 3045. Yeatman, J. P. The early genealogical history of the house of Arundel. London, 1882. c. VILLEINS. See the works mentioned in § 22. The best separate treatise is Vinogradoff's (No. 3054). 3046. Cheyney, E. p. The disappearance of English serfdom. English Hist. Review, xv. 20-37. London, 1900. 3047. Hasbach, Wilhelm. Die englischen Landarbeiter in den letzten hundert Jahren. Leipsic, 1894. Inclosures in the 15th century, 19-34- 3048. Leadam, I. S. The inquisition of 1517 : inclosures and evictions. Pt. i. Royal Hist. Sac, Trans., new series, vi. 167-314. London, 1892. The introduction deals with the status of villeins in the 14th and 15th cen- turies. 2049. . The security of copyholders in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. English Hist. Review, viii. 684-96. London, 1893. See also his Last Days of Bondage in England (Law Quarterly Review, 1S93, ix. 348-65), which relates mainly to the i6th century. 3050. Maitland, F. W. Northumbrian tenures [thegnage and drengage in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries]. English Hist. Review, v. 625-32. London, 1890. The thegns and drengs, though freemen, had some of the marks of villeins. 5IO A.D. 1066-1485 : Modern Writers [past iv 3051. Page, T, W. Die Umwandlung der Frohndienste in Geldrenten. Baltimore, [1897]. pp. 71. Deals especially with the central, eastern, and southern counties of England in the 14th and 15th centuries. Devotes particular attention to the influence of the Black Death and of the peasants' revolt upon the status of villeins. Valuable. 3052. Rights, disabilities, and usages of the ancient English peasantry. Law Magazine and Review, xii. 259-63 ; xiii. 30-41, 205-16 ; xiv. i-ii, 338-56 ; xv. 42-50, 292-300 ; xvi. 1-T7. London, 1862-64. Uses many MS. sources. 3053. Schmidt, Karl. Jus primae noctis. Freiburg, 1881. Merchet in England, 83-90. 3054. *ViNOGRADOFF, Paul. Villainage in England [especially in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries]. Oxford, 1892. Two essays, one on the peasantry of the feudal age, the other on the manor and the \allage community. The best work on \dlleinage. Reviewed by W. J. Ashley, in Economic Review, 1893, "i- 153-73 5 by I. S. Leadam, in Political Science Quarterly, 1893, viii. 653-76 ; and by F. Seebohm, in English Historical Review, 1892, vii. 444-65. See also Law Quarterly Review, 1888, iv. 266-75, for Maxime Kovalevsky's review of VinogradofFs Russian work : Inquiries into the Social Histoiy of Medieval England, St. Petersburg, 1887. d. JEWS. There is no good general history of the medieval Jews of England. The most useful works are those of Jacobs and Prynne. Some valuable papers have been published in the Transactions of the Jewish Historical Society: for example, (iii. 157-79) Joseph Jacobs's Aaron of Lincoln, 1899; (iii. 187-212) C. Trice Martin's Documents relating to the History of the Jews in the Thirteenth Century, 1899; and No. 3056. Jacobs and Wolf (No. 3065) give a good account of the sources and modern literature. 3055. Abrahams, B. L. The expulsion of the Jews from England in 1290. [Reprinted from the Jewish Quarterly Review, 1894-95.] Oxford, etc., 1895. PP- 83. The best account of their expulsion. 3056. . The condition of the Jews of England at the time of their expulsion in 1290. Jewish Hist. Soc. of England, Trans., ii. 76-105. London, 1896. Valuable. §69] Tenures op' Land and Classes of Society 511 3057. Abrahams, Israel. Jewish life in the middle ages. London, 1896. Valuable. Though the author does not devote much attention to England, most of his conclusions apply to the Jews throughout western Europe. 3058. Blunt, J. E. A history of the establishment and residence of the Jews in England. London, 1830. A useful little book. 3059. Davies, Robert. The medieval Jews of York. Yorksk. ArchceoL and Topog. Assoc, Journal, iii. 147-97. London, 1875. 3060. Davis, M. D. Medieval Jews of Ipswich. East Afiglia?t, new series, iii. 89-127. Ipswich, etc., 1889-90. See also his paper on the medieval Jews of Lincoln, in Archaeological Journal, 1881, xxxviii. 178-200. 3061. GoLDSCHMiDT, S. Geschichte der Juden in England bis zu ihrer Verbannung. Pt. i. : xi. und xii. Jahrhundert. Berhn, 1886. pp. 76. Valuable. 3062. Gross, Charles. The exchequer of the Jews of England in the middle ages. London, 1887. pp. 63. On this subject, see also Madox, History of the Exchequer (No. 2959), ch. vii. 3063. *Jacobs, Joseph. The Jews of Angevin England : docu- ments and records [to 1206]. London, 1893. A valuable supplement to Prynne's Demurrer (No. 3069). 3064. . The London Jewry, 1290. London, 1887. pp. 35. 3065. Jacobs, Joseph, and Wolf, Lucien. Bibhotheca Anglo- Judaica : a bibliographical guide to Anglo-Jewish history. London, 1888. MS. sources, pp. xiii.-xxvii, | Pre-expulsion period, I-35. 3066. Leonard, G. H. The expulsion of the Jews by Edward I. Royal Hist. Soc, Trans., new series, v. 103-46. London, 1891. 3067. Margoliouth, Moses. The history of the Jews in Great Britain. 3 vols. London, 1851. Of little value. Derived mainly from Blunt and Prj-nne (Nos. 3058, 3069). 512 A.D. 1066-1485 : Modern Writers [part iv 3068. Neubauer, Adolf. Notes on the Jews in Oxford. Oxford Hist. Soc, Collectanea, ii. 277-316. Oxford, 1890. Consists mainly of extracts from records. 3069. *Prynne, William. A short demurrer to the Jews long discontinued remitters into England. 2 pts. London, 1655-56 ; 2nd edition of pt. i., 1656. Exhibits a marked prejudice against the Jews. The work is of great value, owing to the numerous extracts from the public records which it contains. 3070. Rye, Walter. Persecutions of the Jews in England. London, 1887. pp. 36. 3071. Tovey, D'Blossiers. Anglia Judaica, or the history and antiquities of the Jews in England. Oxford, 1738. Based largely on Prynne and Madox (Nos. 3062, 3069). 3072. [Webb, P. C] The question whether a Jew was a person capable by law to purchase and hold lands. By a gentleman of Lincoln's Inn. London, 1753. pp. 48 + 27. The appendix contains valuable records. §70. THE CHURCH. a. General: The Papacy, etc., Nos. 3073-89. h. Monasticism, Nos. 3090-3106. c. Biography, Nos. 3107-80. a. GENERAL: THE PAPACY, ETC. See §§ 16, 56, 57, for the sources; §23, for general modern treatises ; and § 24, for local church history, including Ireland and Wales. See also No. 1885 a. There is a good short account of the church and of the relations of England to the papacy in Stubbs's Constitutional History, ch. xix. 3073. Bishop, Edmund. The English medieval institutes of cathedral canons. Dubli}i Reviczu, cxxiii. 41-64, London, etc., 1898. Deals especially with the defects of the system of secular canons. 3074. *BoHMER, Heinrich. Kirche und Staat in England und in der Normandie im xi. und xii. Jahrhundert. Leipsic, 1899. Devotes particular attention to the period 1066-I154. In pt. ii. pp. 163- 269 Bohmer deals with the contemporary literature concerning the relations of § 70] The Church 513 church and state in England, especially with an unpublished collection of thirty- five tracts, MS. 415 in Corpus Christi college, Cambridge, the compiler of which he calls ' der Yorker Anonymus ' (/• circa lioo). Some of these tracts are printed in his appendix, pp. 433-97- 3075. Chambers, J. D. Divine worship in England in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. London, 1877. On this subject, see also Christopher Wordsworth, Notes on Medieval Services in England, London, 1898. 3076. Child, G. W. Church and state under the Tudors. London, 1890. William I. -Henry VHI., 1-43- A meagre account. 3077. Creighton, Mandell. a history of the papacy during the period of the Reformation. Vols. i.-v. [1378-1527]. London, 1882-94. New edition, 6 vols., 1897. Deals briefly with the relations of England to the papacy. 3078. Delarc, Odon. Le saint-sifege et la conquete de I'Angle- terre. Revue des Questions Historiques, xli. 337-81. Paris, 1887. 3079. Du Boys, Albert. L'eglise et I'etat en Angleterre depuis la conquete des Normands. Paris, etc., 1887. Devoted chiefly to the consideration of Lanfranc, Anselm, and Becket. 3080. EuBEL, Conrad. Hierarchia catholica medii sevi, 119S- 143 1. Miinster, 1898. Contains useful lists of English, Welsh, and Irish bishops. 3081. Hurter, Friedrich [E. von]. Geschichte Papst Innocenz IIL 4 vols. Hamburg, 1834-42 ; 3rd edition of vol. i., 1841 ; 2nd edition of vols, ii.-iv., 1842-44. — Translated byA.de Saint-Cheron et J, B. Haiber : Histoire du pape Innocent III. 3 vols. Paris, 1838 ; 2nd edition, 1855. Deals with the relations of King John to the papacy. 3082. Ingram, T. D. England and Rome : a history of the relations between the papacy and the English state and church, from the Norman conquest to 1688. London, etc., 1892. Tries to prove that the Tudor supremacy was the same as that of the medieval kings of England. L L 514 A.D. 1066-1485 : Modern Writers [paht iv 3083. LosERTH, JOHANN. Studieii zur Kirchenpolitik Englands im 14. Jahrhundert. Pt. i. [to 1378]. Akademie der Wissensch., Sitzungsberichte, Philos.-Hist. Classe, cxxxvi. 1-135. Vienna, 1897. Valuable for the relations of church and state under Edward I. and Edward III., and for Wyclifs political doctrines. 3084. LuARD, H. R. On the relations between England and Rome during the early portion of the reign of Henry III. Cam- bridge, etc., 1877. pp. 71. 3085. Maitland, F. W. Frankalmoign in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. Law Quarterly Review, vii. 354-63. London, 1891. 3086. Malone, Sylvester. Church history of Ireland, from the Anglo-Norman invasion to the Reformation. London, 1867. 3rd edition, 2 vols., Dublin, 1880. 3087. NoKGATE, Kate. The bull laudabiliter. EtigHsh Hist. Revieiv, viii. 18-52. London, 1893. Maintains the authenticity of this bull, by which Hadrian IV. granted Ireland to Henry II. Its authenticity is also defended by Sylvester Malone, in Dublin Review, 3rd series, 1884, xi. 316-43. For the contrary view, see Adrien IV. et rirlande, in Analecta Juris Ponlificii, 1882, xxi. 257-397 ; F. A. Gasquet, in Dublin Review, 3rd series, 1883, x. 83-103 ; W. B. Morris, Ireland and St. Patrick (London, 1890), 65-147 ; J. von Pflugk-Harttung, in Deutsche Zeitschrift fiir Geschichtswissenschaft, 1893, ^- 323-31 ; J- H- Round, Commune of London (London, 1899), ch. viii. ; and Paul Scheffer-Boichorst, in Mittheilungen des Instituts fiir Oesterreichische Geschichtsforschung, Erganzungsband, 1893, iv. loi- 22. 3087 a. tSECKEL, Emil. Die Westminster-Synode, 11 75. Deutsche Zeitschrift fiir Kirchenrecht, ix. 159-89. Freiburg, 1899. 3088. Stokes, G. T. Ireland and the Anglo-Norman church : a history of Ireland and Irish Christianity from the Norman conquest to the Reformation. London, 1889. 2nd edition, 1892. Valuable. See No. 1607. 3089. Weher, Heinrich. Ueber das Verhaltniss Englands zu Rom, 1237-41. Berlin, 1883. pp. 126. b. MONASTICISM. See §§ 23 «?, 56 r?. A bibliography of the continental literature will be found in Chevalier (No. 20), under the names of the various religious orders ; and in De Smedt's Introductio (No. 26). § 70] The Church 515 Cistercians. See Brewer's edition of the Speculum Ecclesias (No. 2242), pre- face ; and J. T. Micklethwaite, The Cistercian Order, in Journal of the Yorkshire Archaeological Society, 1900, xv. 245-68. 3090. Birch, W. de Gray. On the date of foundation ascribed to the Cistercian abbeys in Great Britain. British ArchceoL Assoc, Journal, xxvi. 281-99, 352-69. London, 1870. 3091. Cooke, A. M. The settlement of the Cistercians in Eng- land. English Hist. Revieiv, viii. 625-76. London, 1893. 3092. Janauschek, Leopold. Originum Cisterciensium tomus i. Vienna, 1877. Authorities, pp. xii.-xlvii. The body of this valuable work is a catalogue of Cistercian monasteries, with a brief account of the foundation of each, and a list of writers who have dealt with the abbey under consideration. See his index, especially under ' Anglia,' ' Hibernia,' and ' Wallia.' 3093. Manrique, Angel. Cisterciensium seu verius ecclesias- ticorum annalium tomi i.-iv. Lyons, 1642-59. The most elaborate survey of the general history of the Cistercians throughout Europe in the I2lh and 13th centuries. See the index to each volume, under the names of English kings. 3094. [Palmer, Bernard.] A concise history of the Cistercian order. By a Cistercian monk. London, 1852. Of little value. Cluniacs. 3095. Berliere, Ursmar. Die Cluniacenser in England. Stitdien und Mittheilujigen aus dem Benedictiner- unddem Cisterciefiser- Orden, xi. 414-24. Briinn, 1890. A brief account of the history of the Cluniacs in England, based in part on Duckett's work (No. 2196). Friars. There is a good account of the Franciscans in Brewer's I\Ionu- menta Franciscana (No. 2201). 3096. BuRGO, Thomas de. Hibernia Dominicana sive historia Hiberniae ordinis prsdicatorum. Cologne, 1762. — Supplement, T772- L L 2 5i6 A.D. 1066-1485 : Modern Writers [PAar iv 3097. Jessopp, Augustus. The coming of the friars and other essays. London, 1889 [18S8]. 4th edition, 1890. Chs. iv.-v. The Black Death in East Anglia. Ch. vi. The building up of a uni- versity [Cambridge]. Ch. i. Coming of the friars. Ch. ii. Village life in [Roughum] Nor- folk. Ch. iii. Daily life in a monastery. Contains a good popular account of the friars. He also deals with the monasteries of St. Albans, Bury St. Edmunds, and Pentney (Norfolk), in his Studies by a Recluse (London, 1893), chs. i.-iii. 3098. Little, A. G. Chronology of the provincial ministers of the friars minor in England. English Hist. Review ^ vi. 742-51. London, 1891. See also his Provincial Priors of the Dominican Order in England, ibid., 1893, viii. 519-25. 3099. Palmer, C. F. R. Fasti ordinis fratrum praedicatorum : the provincials of the friar-preachers, or black friars, of England. Royal ArchceoL Itistitute of Great Btitaifi, Archgeol. Journal, xxxv. 134-65. London, 1878. A series of papers, by the same writer, on the friar-preachers in various towns of England will be found in the Reliquary, 1876-89, and in the Archaeological Journal, 1880-84, vols, xxxvii.-xli. 3100. P[arkinson], A[nthony]. Collectanea Anglo-Minoritica : a collection of the antiquities of the English Franciscans. 2 pts. London, 1726. 3101. Wadding, Luke. Annales minorum seu triuni ordinum a S. Francisco institutorum [i 208-1540]. 8 vols. Lyons, etc., 1625-54. 2nd edition, with a syllabus, 17 vols., Rome, 1 731-41. — Vols, xviii.-xxv., by John de Luca and others, Rome, etc., 1740- 1886. The best authority on the general history of the Franciscans throughout Europe. See also No. 2205. Military Orders. 3102. Addison, C. G. The history of the knights templars. London, 1842. 3rd edition, 1852. The best work in English on this subject. <§ 70] The Church 517 3103. Froude, J. A. The Spanish story of the armada and other essays. London, 1892. New edition, 1892. The templars, 250-310. Devotes little attention to England. 3104. Gmelin, Julius. Schuld oder Unschuld des Templer- ordens. Stuttgart, 1893. England, 453-66, et passim. 3105. ScHOTTMULLER, KoNRAD. Der Untcrgang des Templer- ordens. 2 vols. Berlin, 1887. England, i. 368-407. 3106. WooDHOUSE, F. C. The military religious orders of the middle ages. London, etc., 1879. Of little value. c. BIOGRAPHY. See § 8, especially No. 305 ; § 24, especially Nos. 881, 974, 1148, 1 171 : § i6(^, acta sanctorum; § 56^, vitae; and No. 2838. Anselm ((f. 1109). See No. 3079. There is an excellent account of Anselm in Freeman's William Rufus (No. 2813), vol. i. ch. iv., vol. ii. ch. vii. 3107. Charm A, Antoine. Saint Anselme. Paris, 1853. 3108. Church, R. W. St. Anselm. London, 1870 ; re- printed, 1871, 1873, 1877, 1879, 1881, 1884, 1885, 1888. An admirable sketch. 3109. Hasse, F. R. Anselm von Canterbury. 2 pts. Leipsic, 1843-52. — Translated and abridged by William Turner: Life of St. Anselm. London, 1850. Valuable. 3110. Klemm, Theodor. Der englische Investiturstreit unter Heinrich L Leipsic, 1880. pp. 79. Condemns the conduct of Anselm. 3111. Liebermann, Felix. Anselm von Canterbury und Hugo von Lyon, in Historische Aufsatze dem Andenken an Georg Waitz gewidmet, 156-203. Hanover, 1886. Contains a good account of the investiture struggle. 5i8 A.D. 1066-1485 : Modern Writers [paut iv 31 12. Ragey, Le pere. Histoire de Saint Anselme. 2 vols. Paris, etc., [1890]. — Abridged edition, i vol. : Vie de S. Anselme. Paris, etc., [1891]. Defends the conduct of Anselm and the papacy. 3113. Remusat, Charles de. Saint Anselme de Cantorbery. Paris, 1853. 2nd edition, 1868. 31 14. RiGG, J. M. St. Anselm of Canterbury. London, 1896. Contains a good exposition of Anselm's writings. 3115. Rule, Martin. The life and times of St. Anselm. 2 vols. London, 1883. The most elalxjrate biography of Anselm, containing much useful matter. The author is a zealous partisan of the papacy. 3116. ScHMiTZ, Maximilian. Der englische Investiturstreit. Innsbruck, 1884. pp. 116. Valuable. Becket (^/. 1170). See the works on the reign of Henry II., in § 60 ; Dictionary of National Biography, 1898, Ivi. 165-73; and Nos. 979, 2229, 3079. Freeman, R. H. Froude, L'Huillier, Morris, and Thompson are apologists of Becket; J. A. Froude and Robertson take an un- favourable view of his character and conduct. The best biography is Morris's. Maitland throws new light on the nature of Becket's controversy with Henry II. 3117. Abbott, E. A. St. Thomas of Canterbury : his death and miracles. 2 vols. London, 1898. 31 18. Darboy, Georges. Saint Thomas Becket : sa vie et ses lettres. 2 vols. Paris, 1858. 3119. Freeman, E. A. Historical essays. London, 187 1. St. Thomas and his biographers, 79-I13. 3120. . Mr. Froude's Life and Times of Thomas Becket. ConfemJ)ora?y Reviezv, xxxi. 821-42 ; xxxii. 116-39, 474-500 ; xxxiii. 213-41. London, 1878. A severe criticism of Froude (No. 3121). 3121. Froude, J. A. Short studies on great subjects. 4th series. London, 1883 [1882]. New edition, 1883. Life and times of Becket, 1-230. Reprinted from the Nineteenth Century, 1877, vols, i.-ii. ^" 70] The Church 519 3122. Froude, R. H. History of the contest between Becket and Henry II., in Froude's Remains, vol. ii. of pt. ii. Derby, etc., 1839. Contains translations of many contemporary letters. 3123. L'HuiLLiER, A. Saint Thomas de Cantorbcry. 2 vols. Paris, etc., 1891-92. Elaborate and scholarly. The author is a zealous partisan of the papacy. On p. 233, vol. i., he says : 'Nous ecrivons ici pour les catholiques et pour eux seuls.' 3124. Maitland, F. W. Henry II. and the criminous clerks. English Hist. Review, vii. 224-34. London, 1892. — Also printed in Maitland's Canon Law (No. 767). Shows that ' Henry did not propose that an accused clerk should be tried in the lay court ; he was to be tried in a canonical court by the law of the Church. ' Valuable. 3125. *MoRRis, John. The life and martyrdom of St. Thomas Becket. London, 1859. 2nd edition, 1885. 3126. Radford, L. B. Thomas of London before his con- secration. Cambridge, 1894. A scholarly work. 3127. Robertson, J. C. Becket. London, 1859. Condemns the conduct of Becket. Valuable. 3128. Thompson, R. A. Thomas Becket, martyr patriot. London, 1889. Canterbury, Reginald of. 3129. Liebermann, Felix. Reginald von Canterbury. Gesellsch. fiir dltere Deutsche Gesch., Neues Archiv, xiii. 519-56. Hanover, 1888. Reginald was born between 1030 and 1050 ; the dale of his death is un- known. Chichele, Henry (d. 1443). 3130. Duck, Arthur. Vita Henrici Chichele archiepiscopi Cantuariensis. Oxford, 161 7. —Translation : The life of Henry Chichele. London, 1699. 520 A.D. 1066-1485 : Modern Writers [pakt iv Grocyn, William (d. 1519). 3131. Burrows, Montagu. Memoir of William Grocyn. Oxford Hist. Soc, Collectanea, ii. 332-80. Oxford, 1890. Grosseteste, Robert {d. 1253). See the preface to Luard's edition of Grosseteste's Letters (No. 2243), '^'^^ ^^is article in Dictionary of National Biography, 1890, xxiii. 275-8. 3132. Felten, Joseph. Robert Grossteste : ein Beitrag zur Kirchen- und Culturgeschichte. Freiburg, 1887. Valuable. 3133. Lechler, G. v. Robert Grosseteste. Leipsic, [1867]. pp. 29. Rewritten in his biography of Wyclif, i. 177-206. 3134. Pauli, Reinhold. Bischof Grosseteste und Adam von Marsh : ein Beitrag zur alteren Geschichte der Universitat Oxford. Tiibingen, 1864. pp. 44. 3135. Pegge, Samuel. The life of Robert Grosseteste. London, 1793- 3136. Perry, G. G. The life and times of Robert Grosseteste. London, 187 1. Emphasises the part played by Grosseteste in the reformation of the diocese of Lincoln. 3136 a. Robinson, AV. C. Robert Grosseteste. London, [1896]. pp. 48. 3137. *Stevenson, F. S. Robert Grosseteste. London, etc., 1899. The most complete life of Grosseteste. Lanfranc (d. 1089). See No. 3079 ; and Freeman, Norman Conquest (No. 2812), vol. iv. ch. xix. 3138. Charma, Antoine. Lanfranc. Paris, 1849. § 70] The Church 521 3139. Crozals, Joseph de. Lanfranc: sa vie, son enseigne- ment, sa politique. Paris, 1877. 3140. tMoiRAGHi, PiETRO. Lanfranco di Pavia. Padua, 1889. pp. 27. Langton, Stephen {d. 1228). 3141. Maurice, C. E. Lives of popular leaders : Stephen Langton, London, 1872. Lincoln, Hugh of (d. 1200). See Dimock, Magna Vita S. Hugonis (No. 2246), preface. 3142. Froude, J. A. Short studies on great subjects. 2nd series. London, 187 1. A bishop of the I2th century, 49-82. 3143. Perry, G. G. The life of St. Hugh of Avalon, bishop of Lincoln. London, 1879. 3144. Vie de Saint Hugues, eveque de Lincoln, 1 140-1200. Par un religieux de la grande chartreuse. Montreuil, 1890. — Translated, with large additions, by Herbert Thurston: Life of St. Hugh of Lincoln. London, etc., 1898. Longchamp, William ((/. 1197). See No. 1018. 3145. Boivin-Champeaux, Louis. Notice sur Guillaume de Longchamp, eveque d'Ely, vice-roi d'Angleterre. Evreux, etc., 1885. Merton, Walter de (d. 1277). See No. 3182. 3146. [Hobhouse], Edmund, bishop of Nelson. Sketch of the life of Walter de Merton. Oxford, etc., 1859. pp. 50. Morton, John {d. 1500). 3147. WooDHOUSE, R. I. Life of John Morton, archbishop of Canterbury. London, etc., 1895. 522 A.D. 1066-1485 : Modern Writers [part iv Oldcastle, Sir John {d. 1417). 3148. Bale, John. A brief chronicle concerning the examina- tion and death of Sir John Oldcastle, in Henry Christmas's edition of the Select Works of John Bale, 5-59. Parke?- Soc. Cambridge, 1849. This work was first printed in 1544. For other books on Oldcastle, by Gaspey, Brown, Maurice, etc., see Dictionary of National Biography, 1895, xlii. 93. Bale's Select Works, 60-133, also contains The Examination of William Thorpe, another Lollard, who was tried for heresy in 1407. Pecock, Reginald {d. 1460?). See the introduction to Babington's edition of the Repressor (No. 2257). 3149. Lewis, John. The life of Reynold Pecock. London, 1744. New edition, Oxford, 1820. Rich, Edmund [d. 1240). 3150. Paravicini, Frances de. Life of St. Edmund of Abingdon, archbishop of Canterbury. London, etc., i8g8. 3151. Wallace, Wilfrid. Life of St. Edmund of Canterbury. London, 1893. Valuable ; the best biography of Rich. The appendixes contain much manuscript material. Salisbury, John of {d. 1180). 3152. Demimuid, M. Jean de Salisbury. Paris, 1873. 3153. Gennrich, Paul. Die Staats- und Kirchenlehre Johanns von Salisbury. Gotha, 1894. 3154. Pauli, Reinhold. Ueber die kirchenpolitische Wirk- samkeit des Johannes Saresberiensis. Zeitschrift filr KircJieftrecht, x\-i. 265-87. Freiburg, etc., 1881. 3155. Poole, R. L. Illustrations of the history of medieval thought. London, etc., 1884. Ch. vii. John of Salisbury. See also Poole's excellent article in Dictionar)- of National Biography, 1892, xxix. 439-46. 3156. Reuter, Hermann. Johannes von Salisbury : zur Geschichte der christlichen Wissenschaft im zwolften Jahrhundert. Berlin, 1842. pp. 88. § 70] The Church 523 3157. ScHAARSCHMiDT, Carl. Johaiiiies Saresberiensis nach Leben und Studien. Leipsic, 1862. The best work on John of Salisbury. Deals especially with John as a scholar. 3158. Schubert, Ernst. Die Staatslehre Johanns von Salis- bury. Berlin, 1897. pp. 58. Salisbury, Roger of ((f. 1139). 3159. Boivin-Champeaux, Louis. Notice sur Roger le Grand, eveque de Salisbury, premier ministre d'Angleterre au xii^ siecle. Evreux, 1878. Savoy, Boniface of {'I 1270). 3160. tSTRiCKLAND, GiusEPPE. Ricerche storiche sopra il B. Bonifacio di Savoia, arcivescovo di Cantorbery, 1207-70. Turin, 1895. Defends Boniface's character. Waynflete, William (d. i486). 3161. Chandler, Richard. The life of William Waynflete, bishop of Winchester [with an appendix of records]. London, 18 11. 3162. The life of William of Waynflete. London, etc., [1890]. PP- 95- A popular account. Wulfstan {d. 1095). See also Freeman, Norman Conquest (No. 2812), iv. 379-90, etc., and his William Rufus (No. 2813), i. 477-Si, ii. 475-81. 3163. Hook. W. F. The life and times of Wulfstan, bishop of Worcester. Royal AnhczoL Ltstitute of Great Brifaij!, Archteol. Journal, xx. 1-28. London, 1863. Wyclif {d. 1384) and the Loliards. See Nos. 2805, 2867, 2872, 3083; the introductions to Babing- ton's edition of Pecock's Repressor and Matthew's English Works of Wychffe (Nos. 2257, 2265); and especially the introduction to Shirley's edition of Fasciculi Zizaniorum (No. 2253). For Wyclifs works, see § 56 ^. 524 A.D. 1066-1485 : Modern Writers [pabt it The best biography of Wyclif is Lechler's. There is a good short account of his life in the Dictionary of National Biography, 1900, Ixiii. 202-23. 3164. BuDDENSiEG, RuDOLF. Johann Wiclif und seine Zeit. Gotha, 1885. Valuable. 3165. Burrows, Montagu. Wiclif's place in history : three lectures. London, 1881. New edition, 1884. 3166. Cheyney, E. p. The recantation of the early Lollards. American Hist. Review^ iv. 423-38. New York, 1899. 3167. Gairdner, James, and Spedding, James. Studies in English history. Edinburgh, 1881. The Lollards, by J. Gairdner, I-54. This is a revised edition of his Bible Study in the Fifteenth Century, in Fortnightly Review, 1865, i. 710-20, ii. 59-78. 3168. *Lechler, G. V. Johann von Wiclif und die Vor- geschichte der Reformation. 2 vols. Leipsic, 1873. — Translated [and abridged] by Peter Lorimer : John Wiclif and his English precursors. 2 vols. London, 18783 new editions, i vol., 1881, [1884]. By far the best biography of Wyclif. 3169. Lewis, John. Life of Wicliffe. London, 1720. New edition, Oxford, 1820. This was the best biography of Wyclif before the appearance of Lechler's. The appendix contains a good collection of documents. 3170. LosERTH, Johann. Hus und Wiclif. Prague, 1884. — Translated by M. J. Evans: Wiclif and Hus. London, 1884. 3I7I' • The beginnings of Wyclif s activity in ecclesiastical politics. English Hist. Review^ xi. 319-28. London, 1896. See also No. 3083. 3172. Pennington, A. R. John Wiclif. London, 1884. 3173. Poole, R. L. Wycliffe and movements for reform. London, 1889. See also Poole's Illustrations of the History of Medieval Thought (London, 1884), ch. X. : WycliPs Doctrine of Lordship. § 70] The Church 525 3174. Rogers, J. E. T. Historical gleanings. 2nci series. London, 1870. WycUf, 1-63. 3175. Snow, Abbot. The Lollards. Dublin Review, cxviii. 40-62. London, etc., 1896. 3176. Stevenson, Joseph. The truth about John VVycUf. London, 18S5. Deals especially with the reformer's doctrines, which Stevenson condemns. 3177. Vattier, Victor. John Wyclyff. Paris, 1886, A careful study of WycliFs chief works. 3178. Vaughan, Robert. John de Wycliffe. London, 1853. This superseded Vaughan's earlier work : The Life and Opinions of Wyclif, 2 vols., London, 1828 ; 2nd edition, 1831. Wykeham, William of ( )) JJ Fifth report, with appendix, pt- i 1876 — 1876, vol. xl. app. pt. ii. : index 1876 — 35 53 53 Sixth report, with appendix. pt. i. . . . 1877 — 1877, vol. xlvii. • app. pt. ii. : index 1878 1893 JJ j> 35 Seventh report, with appendix. pt- i 1879 1895 1878-79, vol. xl. app. pt. ii. . 1879 1895 33 55 3J Eighth report, with appendix, pt. i. . . . 1881 — 1881, vol. Iv. app. pt. ii. . 1881 — 33 33 55 app. pt. iii. . 1881 — 33 33 33 Ninth report, with appendix, pt- i 1883 1895 1883, vol. xxxvii. — app. pt. ii. . 1884 1895 33 35 33 app. pt. iii. . 1884 — 33 33 35 Tenth report .... 1885 — 1884-85, vol. xli. app. pt. i. . . . 1885 1895 1884-85, vol. xliv. app. pt. ii. . 1885 — 1884-85, vol. xliii. app. pt. iii. . 1885 — 55 33 55 app. pt. iv. . 1885 1884-85, vol xli. Historical MSS. Commission 535 No. of Report, etc. Date of Publi- cation Tenth report : app. pt. V. app. pt. vi. Eleventh report app. pt. i. app. pt. ii. app. pt. iii. app. pt. iv. app. pt. V. app. pt. vi. app. pt. vii. Twelfth report app. pt. i. ■ — — app. pt. ii. app. pt. iii. app. pt. iv. app. pt. V. app. pt. vi. app. pt. vii. app. pt. viii. app. pt. ix. app. pt. X. Thirteenth report app. pt. i. app. pt. ii. app. pt. iii. app. pt. iv. app. pt. v. app. pt. vi. app. pt. vii. app. pt. viii. Fourteenth report app. pt. i. app. pt. ii. app. pt. iii. app. pt. iv. - app. pt. V. app. pt. vi. app. pt. vii. app. pt. viii. app. pt. ix. app. pt. X. Fifteenth report app. pt. i. app. pt. ii. app. pt. iii. app. pt. iv. - - app. pt. v. app. pt. vi. app. pt. vii. app. pt. viii, app. pt. ix. app. pt. X. 1885 1887 1887 1887 1887 1887 1887 18S7 1887 1888 1890 1888 1888 1889 1888 1889 1889 1890 1891 1891 1891 1892 1891 1893 1892 1892 1892 1893 1893 1894 1896 1894 1894 1894 1894 1894 1894 1895 1895 1895 1895 1899 1896 1897 1897 1897 1S97 1897 1898 1897 1897 1899 Date of Reprint Volume of Sessional Papers 1895 [ 1884-85, vol. xlii. — I 1887, vol. xlv. — i 1887, vol. xlviii. — I 1887, vol. xlvi. 1887, vol. xlvii. )) >) )j 1887, vol. xlviii. 1888, vol. Ixii. 1889, vol. xliv. 1888, vol. Ixiii. >5 )) J> 1889, vol. xliv. 1888, vol. Ixiv. 1889, vol. xliv. 1889, vol. xlv. 5) )) ;> 1890-91, vol. xlv. 1890-91, vol. xlvi. 1890-91, vol. xlv. 1892, vol. xlvi. pt. ii. 1890-91, vol. xlvii. 1892, vol. xlvi. pt. ii. 1892, vol. xliv. 1892, vol. xlv. ?) 5) J5 1893-94, vol. xlix. J) J) 5> 1894, vol. xlvi. 1896, vol. xlviii. 1894, vol. 1. pt. i. 1894, vol. xlvii. 1894, vol. xlvi. 1894, vol. xlix. 1894, vol. 1. pt. ii. 1894, vol. 1. pt. i. 1895, vol. Iviii. 5J M >> 1895, vol. Ix. pt. i. 1895, vol. lix. 1896, vol. xlviii. 1897, vol. xlviii. ») 5> " 1897, vol. xlix. 1897, vol. 1. 1897, vol. Ii. pt. i. 1S97, vol. Ii. pt. ii. 1897, vol. 1. 1897, vol. Ii. pt. ii. 536 Appendix B Date of No. of Report, etc. Publi- 1 cation Calendar of the MSS. of the marquis of Salisbury, pt. i. . 1883 pt. ii. . 1888 1 pt. 111. . 1889 pt. IV. . 1892 pt. V. . 1894 pt. vi. . 1895 pt. vii. . 1899 MSS. in the Welsh language vol. i. . . . 1898 MSS. of the marquis of Or monde, vol. ii. . 1899 MSS. of the duke of Buc cleuch, vol. i. 1899 MSS. of F. W.Le)-borne-Pop ham, of Littlecote, Wilts 1899 1 House of lords MSS., vol. i. 1900 Date of Reprint 1895 Volume of Sessional Papers 1883, vol. xxxvi. 1888, vol. Ixi. 1889, vol. xlvi. 1892, vol. xlvi. pt. i. 1894, vol. xlviii. 1895, vol. Ix. pt. ii. INDEX OF REPORTS AND APPENDIXES The index given below relates only to the repositories which contain medieval manuscripts. All the reports on the archives of boroughs have, however, been included ; most of them contain some medieval records. A useful list of the reports, together with an index of the collections examined, is appended to the Fifteenth Report, pp. 51-78. There is also a list of the reports in the Catalogue of the Record Publications, etc. (No. 539). Abingdon, borough and hospital of, i. 98, ii. 149-50. Arundell, Lord, MSS. of, at Wardour castle, Wilts, (charters, household rolls, etc.), ii. 33-36. Ashburnham, earl of, MSS. of, at Stowe, Bucks, viii. pt. iii. I-127. Axbridge, borough of, iii. 300-308. Bagot, J. F., MSS. of, at Levens hall, Westmoreland, x. pt. iv. 318-47. Barnstaple, borough of, ix. pt. i. 203-16, 407. Berwick-upon-Tweed, borough of, iii. 308-10. Bishop's Castle, borough of, x. pt. iv. 399-407. Bridgnorth, borough of (modern records), x. pt. iv. 424-37. Bridgwater, borough of, i. 99, iii. 310-20. Bridport, borough of, vi. 475-99. Bury, Richard of, Liber Epistolaris, iv. 379-97. Bury St. Edmunds, borough of, xiv, pt. viii. 121-58. Cambridge, borough of, i. 99-100 ; colleges of (deeds, bursars' accounts, etc.), i. 63-86, ii. 110-23, iii. 320-29, iv. 417-28, v. 481-8. Canterbury, archdeacon of, vi. 498-9 ; borough of, ix. pt. i. 129-77 ; dean and chapterof, v. 426-62, viii. 315-55, ix. pt. i. 72-129. Historical MSS. Commission 537 Carlisle, bishop, dean and chapter of, ii. 123-5, ^^- P^- i- 177-97 ; borough of, ix. pt. i. 197-203. Chester, borough of, viii. 355-403. Cholmondeley, Reginald, MSS. of, at Condover hall, Salop, v. 333-60. Cinque Ports, iv. 428. Corbet, W. O., MSS. of, at Acton Reynald, Salop, xv. pt. x. 66-77. Cork, borough of, i. 128-9. Coventry, borough of, i. 100-102, xv. pt. x. 101-60. Dartmouth, borough of, v. 597-606. Dasent, Sir G. W., MS. volume belonging to, vi. 407-18. Dublin, borough of, i. 129; see of (calendar of the Crede Mihi), x. pt. v. 204- 19; Trinity college, iv. 588-99, viii. 572-624. Edward I., letters of, iv. 379-97. Ely, bishop, dean and chapter of, xii. pt. ix. 375-96 ; priory of (register), vi. 289-300. Eton college, ix. pt. i. 349-58. Ewelme almshouse, Oxfordshire, viii. 624-32, ix. pt. i. 216-22. Eye, borough of, x. pt. iv. 513-36. Faversham, borough of, vi. 500-511. Folkestone, borough of, v. 590-92. Fordwich, borough of, v. 442, 606-8. Fountains abbey (deeds, registers, etc.), vi. 249-50, 358-60. Galway, borough of (modern records), x. pt. v. 380-520. Glastonbury, town of, i. 102. Gloucester, borough of, xii. pt. ix. 400-529; dean and chapter of, xii. pt. ix. 397-9- Gormanston, Viscount, MSS. of, at Gormanston castle, Ireland (the Gormanston Register), iv. 573-84. Great Grimsby, borough of, xiv. pt. viii. 237-91. Gurney, J. H., MSS. of, at Keswick hall, Norfolk, xii. pt. ix. 116-64. Hastings, borough of, xiii. pt. iv. 354-64. Hatfield Regis, Essex, forest and priory of (deeds, court rolls, etc.), vii. 578-89. Hengwrt MSS. (chronicles, etc.), ii. 103-6. Hereford, borough of, xiii. pt. iv. 283-353. Hertford, borough of, xiv. pt. viii. 158-64. Higham Ferrers, borough of, xii. pt. ix. 530-37. Hythe, borough of, ii. 91-92, iv. 429-39; St. Bartholomew's hospital, vi. 511-22. Ingilby, Sir Henry, MSS. of, at Ripley castle, Yorkshire, vi. 352-95. Inner Temple library. See London. Ipswich, borough of, ix. pt. i. 222-62. Isleworth, manor of (customal and court rolls), vi. 232-3. Kendal, borough of (modern records), x. pt. iv. 299-318 Kilkenny, borough of, i. 129-30. King's Lynn, borough of, xi. pt. iii. 145 247. 538 Appendix B Kingston-on-Thames, borough of, iii. 331-3. Kingswood abbey, Wilts (deeds and rolls), v. 333-8. Lambeth palace. See London. Launceston, borough of, vi. 524-6. Leconfield, Lord, MSS. of, at Petworth house, Sussex, vi. 287-319. Leicester, borough of, viii. 403-41 ; earl of, MSS. at Holkham hall, Norfolk, ix. pt. ii. 340-75- Leinster, duke of, MSS. of, at Carton, Maynooth, Ireland, ix. pt. ii. 263-93. Lichfield, dean and chapter of, xiv. pt. viii. 205-36. Limerick, borough of (modern records), i. 131 ; cathedral of (register, or Black Book), iii. 434-5- Lincoln, bishop, dean and chapter of, xii. pt. ix. 553-79 ; borough of, xiv. pt. viii. 1-120. London, Inner Temple library, ii. 15 1-6, xi. pt. vii. 227-308; Lambeth palace (court rolls, rentals, etc.), vi. 522-4 ; St. Paul's cathedral, viii. 632-5, ix. pt. i. 1-72 ; St. Peter on Cornhill, gild of, vi. 407-18 ; Westminster abbey, i. 94-97, iv. 171-99. Lowndes, G. A., MSS. of, at Barrington hall, Essex, vii. 537-89. Lydd, borough of, v. 516-33. Lyttelton, Lord, MSS. of, at Hagley hall, Worcester, ii. 36-39. Mackeson, H. B., MSS. of, at Hythe, ii. 91-92. Manvers, Earl, MSS. of, at Thoresby park, Notts, ix. pt. ii. 375-9. Molyneux, W. M., MSS. of, at Loseley park, Surrey, vii. 596-681. Morpeth, borough of, vi. 526-38. Mostyn, Lord, MSS. of, at Mostyn hall, Flintshire (chronicles, etc.), i. 44-45, iv. 347-63, and Report on MSS. in the Welsh Language, vol. i., 1898. Neville family, of Holt, Leicestershire, MSS. of (charters, etc.), ii. 93-97, iii. 277-80. Newark, borough of, xii. pt. ix. 538. Northumberland, duke of, MSS. of, at Alnwick castle, iii. 45-125 ; at Syon house, Middlesex, vi. 221-33. Norwich, bishop, dean and chapter of, i. 86-89 ; borough of, i. 102-4. Nottingham, borough of, i. 105-6. Ormsby-Gore, J. R., MSS. of, at Brogyntyn, Salop, ii. 84-88, iv. 379-97. Ossory, see of (Red Book of Ossory, etc.), x. pt. v. 219-65. Oxford, colleges of (deeds, bursars' accounts, etc.), ii. 126-43, iv. 442-68, v. 477- 81, vi. 545-69, viii. 262-9. Pembroke, earl of, MSS. of, at Wilton house, Wilts, ix. pt. ii. 379-84. Peniarth MSS. (chronicles, etc.), ii. 103-6. Peterborough, dean and chapter of, xii. pt. ix. 580-85. Plymouth, borough of, ix. pt. i. 262-84, ^- pt- iv. 536-60. Pontefract, borough of, viii. 269-76. Prideaux, R. W., MSS. of, at Dartmouth (deeds), v. 423-6. Queen Anne's Bounty, MSS. of governors of, viii. 632-5. Historical MSS. Commission 539 Reading, borough of, xi. pt. vii. 167-227. Ripon, marquess of, MSS. of, at Studley Royal, Yorkshire, v. 294, vi. 243-50. Robertsbridge abbey (charters, etc.), iii. 232. Rochester, borough of, ix. pt. i. 286-9. Romney, New, borough of, iv. 424-8, 439-42, v. 533-54, vi. 540-4S- Round, James, MSS. of, at Birch hall, Essex, xiv. pt. ix. 267-366. Rye, borough of, v. 488-516, xiii. pt. iv. 1-246. S'r. Albans, borough of (modern records), v. 565-8. Salisbury, dean and chapter of, i. 90-91. Sandwich, borough of, v. 568-71. Sherwood forest, ix. pt. ii. 375-8. Shrewsbury, borough of, xv. pt. x. 1-65. Somerset, duke of, MSS. of, at Maiden Bradley, Wilts, xv, pt. vii. i-151. Southampton, borough of, xi. pt. iii. 1-144 ; God's house at, vi. 551-69. Southwell minster, xii. pt. ix. 539-52. Stratford-on-Avon, borough of, ix. pt. i. 289-93. Stowe MSS., viii. pt. iii. 5-1 10. Tenterden, borough of, vi. 569-72. Totnes, borough of, iii. 341-50. Towneley, Colonel, MSS. of, at Towneley hall, Burnley, Lancashire, iv. 406-16, 613-14. Tynemouth priory (rental, etc.), vi. 224-6. Wallingford, borough of, vi. 572-95. Waterford, borough of, i. 131-2, x. pt. v. 265-339; marchioness of, MSS. at Ford castle, Northumberland, xi. pt. vii. 58-81. Wells, almshouses at, viii. 638-9 ; bishop's registers of, i. 92-93 ; borough of, i. 106-8, iii. 350-51 ; dean and chapter of (Liber Albus, etc.), i. 93-94, iii. 351-65, X. pt. iii. 1-373. Welsh MSS., report on, vol. i., 1898. See Mostyn ; Wynne. Wenlock, borough of, x. pt. iv. 420-24. Westminster abbey. See London. Weymouth and Melcombe Regis, borough of, v. 575-90. Wilton abbey, ix. pt. ii. 379-80. Winchester, borough of, vi. 595-605. Wisbech, borough of, ix. pt. i. 293-9. Wodehouse, E. R., MSS. of (manorial rolls, deeds, etc., Norfolk and Suffolk), xiii. pt. iv. 405-94. Worcester, church of St. Andrew, viii. 638 ; bishop, dean and chapter of, xiv. pt. viii. 165-205. Wycombe, High, borough of, v. 554-65. Wynne, W. W. E., MSS. of, at Peniarth, Merionethshire (chronicles, etc.), ii. 103-6. Yarmouth, Great, borough of, ix. pt. i. 299-324. York, borough of, i. 108-10 ; dean and chapter of, i. 97. 540 Appendix C APPENDIX C ROLLS SERIES : INDEX OF TITLES OF WORKS CONTAINED IN THE CHRONICLES AND MEMO- RIALS OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND For the Rolls Series, see No. 539. The object of the following index is to make the contents of the Chronicles and Memorials more accessible to students, and to facilitate the handling of the volumes, especially in libraries like that of the British Museum in which the volumes are arranged on the shelves in the order of their publication. The numerals in bold- faced type refer to the numbers of the works as they are listed in the official catalogue of the Rolls Series (No, 539) and as they are arranged in the Reading Room of the British Museum. The other numerals refer to the numbered titles in the body of the present work. Abbreviatio chronicorum, 44, No. 1674. Abingdon, Chronicon monasterii de, 2, Nos. 1358, 2273. ^Ifric, Vita S. ^thelwoldi, 2, No. 1462. Agnellus, Thomas, De morte Henrici Regis, 66, No. 1676. Albon, William, Registrum, 28, No. 2407. Amundesham, John, Annales, 28, No. 1679. Andre, Bernard, Vita Henrici VII., 10. Anglo-Latin satirical poets, 59, No. 2751. Anglo-Saxon chronicle, 23, Nos. 1349, 1680. Annales Anglise et Scotias, 28, No. 1681. Annales Cambriae, 20, Nos. 1351, 1682. Annales Furnesienses, 82, No. 1687. Annales Hibernire, 80, No. 1688. Annales Londonienses, 76, No. 1690. Annales monastici, 36, No. 1664. Annales Paulini, 76, No. 1697. Annales regni Scotiee, 28, No. 1699. Annales Ricardi II. et Henrici IV., 28, No. 1700. Annales S. Edmundi, 96, No. 2628. Annales Stanleienses, 82, No. 1703. Annals from the Book of Leinster, 89, No. 1 705. Annals of Ireland, 80, No. 1709. Annals of Loch Ce, 54, No. 171 1. Avesbury, Robert of, Chronicle, 93, No. 17 16. Bacon, Roger, Opus tertium, etc., 15, No. 2227. Becket, Thomas, Icelandic life of, 65, No. 2230 ; Materials for the history of, 67, No. 2229. Beckington, Thomas, Correspondence of, 56, No. 2106. Bermondsey, Annals of, 36, No. 1691. Rolls Series 541 Berry, Le recouvrement de Normendie, 32, No. 17 19. Black book of the admiralty, 55, No. 2145. Blakeney, Robert, Registrum, 28, No. 1865. Blaneford, Henry of, Chronica, 28, No. 1722. Blondel, Robert, De reductione Normannise, 32, No. 1723. Boece, Hector, Bulk of chroniclis, 6. Bosham, Herbert of. Life of Becket, 67, No. 2229. Bracton, Henry of, De legibus, 70, No. 1S70. Brakelond, Joceline de. Chronica, 96, No. 2628. Bridlington, canon of, Gesta Edwardi de Carnarvan, 76, No. 1779. Bridlington, John of, Poem of, 14, No. 2756. Brunne, Robert of. Chronicle, 87, No. 181 6. Brut y tywysogion, 17, No. 1728. Burton, Annals of, 36, No. 1692. Burton, Thomas, Chronica de Melsa, 43, No. 1729. Bury St. Edmunds, Memorials of St. Edmund's abbey, 96, Nos. 1460, 2628. Canterbury, Epistolas Cantuarienses, 38, No. 2220 ; Literse Cantuarienses, 85, No. 2219; Register of Archbishop Peckham, 77, No. 2256. Canterbury, Gervase of, Works, 73, No. 1 730. Canterbury, William of, Life of Becket, 67, No. 2229. Capgrave, John, Chronicle of England, i, No. 1731 ; Liber de Henricis, 7, No. 1731 ; Life of Oswald, 71, No. 1465. Cartularium monasterii de Rameseia, 79, No. 2399. Cartularium monasterii S. Petri Gloucestrite, 33, No. 2384. Case, Thomas, Annales, 80, No. 1732. Charters of Salisbury, 97, No. 2694. Chartularies of St. Mary's abbey, Dublin, 80, No. 2414. Chartulary of Hyde abbey, 45, No. 1373. Chartulary of Ramsey abbey, 79, No. 2399. Chartulary of St. Peter's, Gloucester, 33, No. 2384. Chronica Buriensis, 96, No. 2628. Chronica minor S. Benedicti de Hulmo, 13, No. 1736, Chronica monasterii de Melsa, 43, No. 1729. Chronica monasterii S. Albani, 28, No. 1665. Chronica pontificum ecclesias Eboracensis, 71, Nos. 1441, 2222. Chronicle of the grey friars, 4, No. 1 740. Chronicle of the princes of Wales, 17, No. 1728. Chronicles and memorials of Richard L, 38, Nos. 1803, 2220. Chronicles of Edward I. and Edward IL, 76, No. 1666. Chronicles of Stephen, Henry H. , and Richard L, 82, No. 1667. Chronicon abbatite de Evesham, 29, No. 2700. Chronicon abbatioe Rameseiensis, 83, No. 1357. Chronicon Anglise, 64, No. 1745. Chronicon monasterii de Abingdon, 2, Nos. 1358, 2273. Chronicon S. Albani, 28, No. 1665. Chronicon Scotorum, 46, No. 1752. Cirencester, Richard of. Speculum historiale, 30, No. 1360. Coggeshall, Ralph of, Chronicon, 66, No. 1756. 542 Appendix C Collection of royal letters temp. Hen. IV., i8, No. 21 12. Commendatio lamentabilis in transitu regis Edwardi, 76, No. 1758. Continuatio Beccensis, 82, No. 1759. Correspondence of Thomas Beckington, 56, No. 2106. Cotton, Bartholomew, Plistoria Anglicana, 16, No. 1760. Coventry, Walter of, Memoriale, 58, No. 1761. Danes, Invasions of Ireland by the, 48, No. 1380; Sagas, 88, No. 1390. De obsessione Dunelmi, 75, No. 1362. De primo Saxonum adventu, 75, No. 1363. Descriptive catalogue of materials, 26, No. 45. Devizes, Richard of, De rebus gestis Ricardi I., 82, No. 1764. Diceto, Ralph of, Opera, 68, No. 1765. Domesday of Ipswich, 55, No. 2145. Draco Normannicus, 82, No. 1838. Dublin, Chartularies of St. Mary's abbey, 80, No. 2414 ; Documents from the archives of, 53, No. 2417 ; Register of St. Thomas abbey, 94, No. 2419. Dunbrody, Register of, 80, No. 2414. Dunstable, Annals of, 36, No. 1821. Dunstan, St., Memorials of, 63, No. 1458. Durham, Register of Richard de Kellawe, bishop of, 62, No. 2346 ; Siege of, 75, No. 1362. Durham, Simeon of, Opera, 75, No. 1767. Eadmer, Historia novorum, etc., 81, No. 1768 ; Life of Oswald, 71, No. 1465 ; Vita Anselmi, 81, No. 2225. Eccleston, Thomas of, De adventu fratrum minorum, 4, No. 2201. Eddi, Vita Wilfridi, 71, No. 1471. Edmund, St., Lives of, 96, No. 1460. Edward the Confessor, Lives of, 3, No. 1378. Edward I., Chronicles of the reign of, 76, No. 1666. Edward II., Chronicles of the reign of, 76, No. 1666. Elmham, Thomas of, Historia monasterii S. Augustini, 8, No. 1364 ; Liber metricus de Henrico V., 11, No. 1769. Epistolas. See Letters. Epistolas Cantuarienses, 38, No. 2220. Ethelwold, Life of, 2, No. 1462. Eulogium historiarum, 9, No. 1770. Evesham, Chronicle of, 29, No. 2700. Exchequer, Red book of the, 99, No. 1917. Fantosme, Jordan, Chronique, 82, No. 1772. Fasciculi zizaniorum Johannis Wyclif, 5, No. 2253. Fitzstephen, William, Life of Becket, 67, No. 2229. Flores historiarum, 95, No. 1774. Furness abbey. Annals of, 82, No. 1687. Gaimar, Geoffrey, L'estorie des Engles, 91, No. 1778. Gesta Edwardi de Carnarvan, 76, No. 1779. Gesta Henrici Secundi, 49, No. 1831. Rolls Series 543 Gesta Herwardi, 91, No. 1780. Gesta regis Ricardi, 38, No. 1803. Gesta Stephani regis, 82, No. 1781. Gilla Coemgin, Poem of, 89, No. 1479. Giraldus Cambrensis, Works, 21, No. 1782. Gloucester, Historia et cartularium S. Petri, 33, No. 2384. Gloucester, Robert of. Chronicle, 86, No. 1783. Gower, John, Poems of, 14, No. 2756. Grey friars. Chronicle of the, 4, No. 1740. Grim, Edward, Life of Becket, 67, No. 2229. Grosseteste, Robert, Letters of, 25, No. 2243. Hakonar saga, 88, No. 1390. Hautville, John de, Architrenius, 59, No. 2751. Henry IL, Chronicles of the reign of, 82, No. 1667 ; Gesta Henrici Secundi, 49, No. 1831. Henry IH., Letters of the reign of, 27, No. 2113. Henry IV., Annales Henrici IV., 28, No. 1700 ; Letters of reign of, 18, No. 21 12. Henry V., Memorials of, II, No. 1670. Henry VI., Letters of the reign of, 22, No. 2 119; Memorials of the reign of, 56, No. 2106. Henry VII., Letters of the reign of, 24, No. 2104 ; Materials for the reign of, 60 ; Memorials of, 10. Henry, son of Henry II. , Death and burial of, 66, No. 1676. Herwardi, (Jesta, 91, No. 17S0. Hexham, John of, Historia, 75, No. 1791. Hexham, Richard of, Historia, 82, No. 1792. Higden, Ranulf, Polychronicon, 41, No. 1793. Historia monasterii S. Petri Gloucestri?e, 33, No. 2384. Historia Rameseiensis, 83, No. 1357. Historians of the church of York, 71, Nos. 1441, 2222. Historic and municipal documents of Ireland, 53, No. 2417. Historical papers, etc., from the northern registers, 61, No. 2223. Hoveden, Roger of, Chronica, 51, No. 1800. Hugh the Chantor, History of four archbishops of York, 71, No. 2222. Huntingdon, Henry of, Historia Anglorum, 74, No. 1801. Hyde abbey, Book or Chronicle of, 45, No. 1373. Icelandic sagas, 88, No. 1390. Ipswich, Uomesday of, 55, No. 2145. Ireland, Annals of, 80, Nos. 168S, 1709; Annals of Loch Ce, 54, No. 171 1 ; Chronicon Scotorum, 46, No. 1752; Gerald de Barri's works on, 21, No. 1782 ; Historic documents of, 53, No. 2417 ; Invasions of, by the Danes, 48, No. 1380 ; Roll of king's council in, 69, No. 2009. Itinerarium regis Ricardi, 38, No. 1803. Jack Upland, 14, No. 2756. Kellawe, Richard de, Register of, 62, No. 2346. King's council in Ireland, Roll of, 69, No. 2009. Knighton, Henry, Chronicon, 92, No. 1807. 544 Appendix C Langtoft, Pierre de, Chronicle, 47, No. 1808. Leechdoms, etc., of early England, 35, No. 1485. Le livere de reis de Engletere, etc., 42, No. 181 3. Letter-books of Christ church, Canterbury, 85, No. 2219. Letters from the northern registers, 61, No. 2223. Letters of Adam de Marisco, 4, No. 2201. Letters of Becket, 67, No. 2229. Letters of Grosseteste, 25, No. 2243. Letters of prior and convent of Christ church, Canterbury, 38, No. 2220. Letters of the reign of Henry III., 27, No. 21 13. Letters of the reign of Henry IV., 18, No. 21 12. Letters of the reigns of Richard III. and Henry VII., 24, No. 2104. Letters on the wars of the English in France, 22, No. 21 19. Libel of English policy, 14, No. 2756. Liber albus of London, 12, No. 2514. Liber custumarum of London, 12, No. 2514. Liber monasterii de Hyda, 45, No. 1373. Lincoln, Hugh of. Magna vita, 37, No. 2246. Litera; Cantuarienses, 85, No. 2219. Lives. See Vita. Lives of Edward the Confessor, 3, No. 1378. Loch Ce, Annals of, 54, No. 171 1. London, Annales Londonienses, 76, No. 1690 ; Annales Paulini, 76, No. 1697 ; Chronicle of the grey friars, 4, No. 1740; Munimenta gildhalla;, 12, No. 2514 ; Registrum fratrum minorum, 4, No. 1740. Machado, Roger, Journals of, 10. Magna vita S. Hugonis, 37, No. 2246. Maidstone, Richard de, Reconciliation of Richard II., 14, No. 2756. Malmesbury abbey. Register of, 72, No. 2690. Malmesbury, monk of, Eulogium historiarum, 9, No. I770' Malmesbury, monk of. Vita Edwardi II., 76, No. 1857. Malmesbury, William of, De gestis pontificum, 52, No. 1444 ; De gestis regum and Historia novella, 90, No. 1815 ; Vita S. Dunstani, 63, No. 1458. Mannyng, Robert of. Chronicle, 87, No. 18 16. Margan, Annals of, 36, No. 1684. Marisco, Adam de, Epistoloe, 4, No. 2201. Marlborough, Thomas of, Chronicon abbatise Eveshamensis, 29, No. 2700. Materials, Catalogue of, 26, No. 45. Materials for the history of Becket, 67, No. 2229. Materials for the reign of Henry VII., 60. Melsa (Meaux), Chronica monasterii de, 43, No. 1729. Memoranda de parliamento, 1305, 98, No. 2008. Memorials of Henry v., il. No. 1670. Memorials of Henry VI., 56, No. 2106. Memorials of Henry VII., 10. Memorials of St. Dunstan, 63, No. 1458. Memorials of St. Edmund's aljbcy, 96, Nos. 1460, 2628. Monumenta Franciscana, 4, No. 2201. Rolls Series 545 Monumenta juridica, 55, No. 2145. More, Thomas tie la, Vita Edwardi IL, 76, No. 1820. Morins, Richard de, Annales de Dunstaplia, 36, No. 1821. Muircliu Maccu-JMachiheni, Memoirs of St. Patrick, 89, No. 1469. Municipal documents of Ireland, 53, No. 2417. Munimenta academica, 50, No. 2781. Munimenta jjildhallre Londoniensis, 12, No. 2514. Murimuth, Adam, Continuatio chronicarum, 93, No. 1822. Narratives of the expulsion of the English from Normandy, 32, No. 2122. Neckham, Alexander, De naturis rerum, etc., 34 ; De vita monachorum, 59, No. 2751. Netter, Thomas, Fasciculi zizaniorum, 5, No. 2253. Newburgh, William of, Historia rerum Anglicarum, 82, No. 1823 Nigel Wireker, Speculum stultorum, etc., 59, No. 2751. Northern registers. Papers, etc., from, 61, No. 2223. Opts chronicorum, 28, No. 1826. Orkneyinga saga, 88, No. 1390. Osney, Annals of, 36, No. 1693. Oswald, archbishop of York, Lives of, 71, No. 1441. Oxenedes, John of. Chronica, 13, No. 1S28. Oxford, Life and studies at, 50, No. 2781. Paris, Matthew, Chronica majora, 57, No. 1830 ; Historia Anglorum, 44, No. 1830. Parliamento, Memoranda de, 98, No. 2008. Patrick, St., Tripartite life of, etc., 89, No. 1469. Peckham, John, Registrum epistolarum, 77, No. 2256. Pecock, Reginald, The repressor, 19, No. 2257. Peterborough, Benedict of, Gesta Henrici Secundi, 49, No. 1831 ; Life of Becket, 67, No. 2229. Plowman's tale, 14, No. 2756. Poems, 14, No. 2756. Poets, Anglo-Latin satirical, 59, No. 2751. Political poems, 14, No. 2756. QuAi)Kii.Oc;us, (jr Life of Beckei, 67, No. 2229. Ramsey abbey, Chartulary of, 79, No. 2399 ; Chronicle of, 83, No. 1357. Records of parliament in 1 305, 98, No. 200S. Red book of the exchequer, 99, No. 191 7. Redman, Robert, Vita Ilenrici Quinti, II, No. 1S33. Register of Dunbrody, 80, No. 2414. Register of Richard de Kellawe, bishop of Durham, 62, No. 2346. Register of S. Osmund, 78, No. 2699. Register of the abbey of St. Thomas, Dui)lin, 94, No. 2419. Registers, Northern, 61, No. 2223. Registers of the monastery of St. Albans, 28, No. 2407. Registra abbatum S. Albani, 28, No. 2407. N N 546 Appendix C Registrum epistolarum Johannis Peckham, 77, No. 2256. Registrum fratrum minorum, 4, No. 1740. Registrum Malmesburiense, 72, No. 2690. Registrum palatinum Dunelmense, 62, No. 2346. Richard I., Chronicle of the reign of, 49, No. 183 1 ; Chronicles and memorials of the reign of, 38, Nos. 1803, 2220 ; Chronicles of the reign of, 82, No. 1667 ; Itinerarium Ricardi regis, 38, No. 1803. Richard II., Annales Ricardi II., 28, No. 1700. Richard III., Letters of the reign of, 24, No. 2104. Rievaulx, Aelred of, Relatio de standard©, 82, Nu. 1834. Rishanger, William, Chronica, etc., 28, No. 1836. Roll of king's council in Ireland, 69, No. 2009. Rouen, Etienne de, Draco Normannicus, 82, No. 1S38. Royal letters of the reign of Henry III., 27, No. 21 13. Royal letters of the reign of Henrj- IV., 18, No. 21 12. Sagas, 65, No. 2230; 88, No. 1390. St. Albans, Chronica monasterii S. Albani, 28, No. 1665 ; Registra abbatum S. Albani, 28, No. 2407. St. Albans, monk of, Chronicon Anglian, 64, No. 1745. S. Benedict! de Hulmo, Chronica, 13, No. 1736. St. Carilef, William of, De injusta vexatione, 75, No. 2260. Salisbuiy, John of. Life of Becket, 67, No. 2229. Salisbuiy cathedral. Register of St. Osmund, 78, No. 2699 ; Charters of, 97, Nu. 2694. Scotland, Annals of, 28, Nos. i5Si, 1699; Boece's Buik of chroniclis, 6. Songs, 14, No. 2756. Sottovagina, Hugh, History of archbishops of York, 71, No. 2222. Stanley abbey. Annals of, 82, Xo. 1703. Stephen, Chronicles of the reign of, 82, No. 1667. Stubbs, Thomas, Chronica pontificum, 71, No. 2222. Tewkesbury, Annals of, 36, N^o. 1694. Tewkesbury, Alan of, Life of Becket, 67, No. 2229. Thomas saga, 65, No. 2230. Tilljury, Gervase of, Otia imperialia, C6, No. 1S47. Tirechian, Notes on St. Patrick, 89, No. 1469. Torigni, Robert of, 82, No. 1S4S. Tripartite life of St. Patrick, 89, Xo. 1469. Trokelowe, John of, Annales, 28, No. 1S51. Versus de Henrico Quinto, 11, N^o. 1855. Vetus registrum Sarisberiense, 78, No. 2099. Vita Edwardi Confessoris, 3, Nu. 137S. Vita Edwardi 1 1., 76, No. 1857. Vita Oswaldi archiepiscopi, 71, Xo. 14C5. Vita S. /Ethelwoldi, 2, No. 1462. Vita S. Hugonis, 37, No. 2246. Walks, Annaks Cambrice, 20, No. 1351 : Brut y tywysogion, 17, No. 172S; Gerald de Barri's works on, 21, No. 1782. Rolls Series 547 Wallingford, William, Registrum, 28, No. 2407. Walsingham, Thomas, Gesta abbatum, 28, No. 2403 ; Historia Anglicana and Vpodigma Neustiia;, 28, 1S61. War of the Gaedhil with the Gaill, 48, No. 1380. Wars of the English in France, 22, No. 21 19. Waurin, Jehan de, Recueil de croniques, 39, 40, No. 1863. Waverley, Annals of, 36, No. 1695. Wendover, Roger of, Flores historiarum, 84, No. 1864. Whethamstede, John, Registrum, 28, No. 1865. W'ilfrid, of York, Lives of, 71, Nos. 1441, 1471. Winchester, Annals of, 36, No. 1696 ; Chronicle of Hyde abbey, 45, No. 1373. Wireker, Nigel, Speculum stultorum, etc., 59, No. 2751. Worcester, Annals of, 36, No. 1698. Worcester, William of, Annales and Collections, 22, No. 1S67. Wykes, Thomas, Chronicon, 36, No. 1868. Year books, 31, No. 2053. York, Historians of the church of, 71, Nos. 1441, 2222. N N 2 548 Appendix D APPENDIX D CHRONOLOGICAL TABLES OF THE PRINCIPAL SOURCES These tables comprise only a selection of the more important sources. For a similar list of the chroniclers, etc., see Potthast, Bibliotheca, ii. 1718-21, In the first table given below the sources are arranged ac- cording to the last year embraced in each work ; in the second table, according to the initial date of each record or series of records ; and in the third table, according to the date of the composition of the treatise. The numerals in the third column refer to the numbered titles in the present volume, except in the table of public records, where most of the references are to sections of the present volume. The following con- tractions are used : c. = circa ; w. = written. CHRONICLES, BIOGRAPHIES, LETTERS, SONGS, ETC. Title of Work Period Embraced Reference Itinerarium Antonini Augusli .... ssec. ii. 1273 Peutingeriana tabula itineraria . saec. iii. 1275 Inscriptiones Britannise Latina.' . sxc. i.-v. 1284 Notitia dignitatum .... c. 400 1274 Lives of St. ]\itrick .... c- 3737463 1469 ^ Gildas, De excidio Britannia? sxc. i.-v. 1370 Adamnan, Vita S. Columlxne 521-597 1454 Gregory the Great, P'pistolai 596-601 1463 Bede, Vita S. Ciuhberti c. 630-687 1457 I Eddi, Vita Wilfridi .... 634-709 147I ' Bede, Historia ecclesiastica «-c. 55-731 '355 Boniface, Epistola; .... c. 718-755 1452 Continuatio Bedre .... 731-766 1361 Nennius, Historia Brittonuin Brutus-796 1375 Northumbrian Chronicle . 732-802 1376 Alcuin, Epistolce .... c. 774-804 1446 Asser, Annales .Elfredi 849-893 1354 j Annales Cambrice .... 444-954 1351 ; Elhelwerd, Chronica. creation-975 1366 ' Lives of Dunstan .... 924-988 1458 : Vita Oswaldi archiepiscopi Eboracensis c. 900-992 1465 War of the Gaedhil with the Gaill 795-1014 1380 Liber monasterii de Hyda . 455-1023 1373 i Encomium Emmae .... 1012-1042 1365 Old Norse sagas .... c. 900-1066 1381-90 , \'ita Edwardi regis .... I 042- I 066 1378 Guy of Amiens, Carmen . 1066 1678 Chronological Tables 549 Title of Work William of Poitiers, Gesta Willelmi . Anglo-Saxon chronicle, MS. A . Tigernach, Annals ..... Lanfranc, EpistoL^ ..... Simeon of Durham, Historia Dunelmensis ecclesiae ...... Geoffrey Gaimar, L'estorie des Engles Wace, Roman de Ron .... Eadmer, Vita Anselmi .... Florence of Worcester, Chronicon Herbert de Losinga, Epistola; . Eadmer, Historia novorum William of Malmesbury, De gestis pontificum William of Malmesbury, De gestis regum . Simeon of Durham, Historia regum . Chronicon Scotorum ..... William of Jumieges, Historia Normannorum Aelred of Rievaulx, Relatio de standardo . Richard of Hexham, History of Hexham church Richard of Hexham, De gestis Stephani, etc. Ordericus Vitalis, Historia ecclesiastica Florence of Worcester, Chronicon (continuation) William of Malmesbury, Historia novella . Gesta Stephani regis Anglorum . Henry of Huntingdon, Historia Anglorum . Anglo-Saxon chronicle, MS. E . John of Hexham, Historia. Liber Eliensis ...... Etienne de Rouen, Draco Normannicus Lives and letters of Becket Ralph Niger, Chronicon secundum Jordan Fantosme, Chronique Song of Dermot and the earl Hugo Candidus, Coenobii Burgensis historia De inventione S. Crucis .... Geoffrey of Vigeois, Chronica Giraldus Cambrensis, Expugnatio Hibernica Robert of Torigni, Chronicle Giraldus Cambrensis, Itinerarium Cambria; Giraldus Cambrensis, Topographia Hibernica Chronicon Anglo-Scoticum Chronicon monasterii de Abingdon Benedict of Peterborough, Gesta Henrici IL Richard of Devizes, De rebus Ricardi L Giraldus Cambrensis, Descriptio Cambrise . William of Newburgh, Historia . Gervase of Canterbury, Chronica Epistola; Cantuarienses .... Itinerarium regis Ricardi .... Historia Rameseiensis .... Magna vita S. Hugonis episcopi Roger of Hoveden, Chronica Ralph of Diceto, Imagines historiarum Joceline de Brakelond, Chronica Rigord, Gesta Philippi Augusti . Period Embraced ! Reference I035-I 067 B.C. 60-1 070 prophets- 1 088 c. 1 070- 1 089 635-1 096 1 495-1 100 Rollo-i 106 c. 1033-1 109 450-1 117 c. 1091-1 119 960-1 122 601-c. I 125 ' 449-1 127 616-1 129 creation- 1 135 i 851-I 137 138 i 674-1 138 "35-1 139 i-i 141 1118-1 141 I 125- I 142 1135-1 147 ■ B.C. 5S-I 154 , B.C. 60-1 154 1 1 30- 1 154 1 c. 499-1 169 c. 1 066- 1 169 c. 1118-1 170 I-C. I 171 ' II73-I 174 1 II52-C. I 175 655-1 177 c. 1059-1 177 996-1 184 t II66-I 185 94-1 186 188 W. I 188 B.C. 601 189 20I-I 189 II69-I 192 1 189- 1 192 W. C. I 194 I 066- I 198 I 100- I 199 II87-I 199 II87-I 199 c. 924-1 200 c. 1135 I 200 732-1 201 1 148 I 202 II73-I 203 I 179- I 20S 1832 1349 1377 2245 1767 I77S 1859 2225 1866 2249 I76S 1444 I8I5 1767 1752 1805 1834 2559 1792 1858 1866 I8I5 I78I I80I 1349 I79I 1372 1838 2229 1824 1772 1842 2556 2364 1856 1782 1848 1782 1782 1748 1358 I83I 1764 I7S2 1823 1730 2220 1803 1357 2246 1800 1765 2628 1835 550 Appendix D Title of Work Gervase of Canterbury, Gesta regum . Annales S. Edmundi .... Geoffrey de Coldingham, De statu ecclesire Dunelm. ...... Histoire de Guillaume le jMarechal Histoire des dues de Normandie Ralph of Coggeshall, Chronicon Walter of Coventry, Memoriale. Annales de ilargan ..... Roger of Wendover, Flores historiarum Robert Swapham, Historia ccenobii Burgensis Thomas of Eccleston, De adventu fratrum minorum ...... Matthew Paris, Historia minor . Robert Grosseteste, Epistolse Adam of Marsh, Epistolte .... Matthew Paris, Chronica majora Annales de Burton ..... Annales de Theokesberia .... John de Tayster, Cronica .... William Rishanger, Chronicon . Robert of Gloucester, Chronicle Henry de Silgrave, Chronicon . Annales S. Pauli ..... Arnald Fitz-Thedmar, Cronica majonim Chronica de Mailros ..... Annales de Wintonia .... Brut y tywysogion ..... Annales Cambrice (continuation) Thomas Wykes, Chronicon Adam of Domerham, Historia de rebus Glaston Annales de Waverleia .... John Peckham, Registrum epistolarum John of Oxnead, Chronica .... Chronicon Petroburgense .... Richard de Morins, Annales de Dunstaplia Bartholomew Cotton, Historia Anglicana . William Rishanger, Chronica Peter Langtoft, Chronicle .... Nicholas Trevet, Annales .... Commendatio lamentabilis. Annals of Ireland ..... Annals of Innisfallen ..... Walter de Whitlesey, Historia ccenobii Burgensis John of Trokelowe, Annales Henry of Blaneford, Chronica . Vita Edwardi II. .... . Flores historiarum ..... Political songs ...... Gesta Edwardi de Carnarvan Annales Londonicnses .... John Barbour, The Bruce .... Robert de Graystanes, De statu ccclesia; Dunelm. ...... Annales Paulini ..... Period Embraced Reference 1730 Brutus- [2IO 1- [212 1701 II52- [214 2343 c. 1140- 1219 1794 c. Soo- [220 1795 1066- [223 1756 Brutus- 1225 1761 1066- 1232 1684 creaiion- [235 1864 1177- '245 2556 1224- [250 2201 1067- f253 1830 c. 1210- t253 2243 c. 1240- t257 2201 creation- [259 1830 1004- 1263 1692 1066- [263 1694 creation- [265 1844 1263- [267 1836 Brutus- [270 1783 c. 449- [274 1 841 1064- [274 1702 1188-] 1274 1773 731-J [275 1735 519-1 [277 1696 660-1 282 1728 954-1 [288 1351 1066- [289 1868 1126-] [290 2602 I- [291 169s 1279- [292 2256 449-1 [293 1828 1 122-1 1295 2552 I- 1297 1821 449- [298 1760 1259-1 306 1836 Brutus- 1 1307 1808 "35-1 [307 1849 1307 1758 1308-1 [317 1709 creation-i '319 1708 I 246-] [321 2556 1307-1 327 1851 1323-1 [324 1722 1307-1 t325 1857 creation-] 326 1774 John-Edw .11. 2755 1307-1 327 1779 1 194-1 330 1690 1286^ 1332 1718 1214-) [336 2343 creation-l 341 1697 Chronological Tables 551 Title of Work Jan de Klerk, \an den Derden Edwaert Cioniques de London Walter of Hemingburgh, Chronicon . Chronicon de Lanercosl Annales de Oseneia .... Adam Murimuth, Conlinualio chronicarum Ranulf Higden, Polychronicon . Laurence Minot, Poems . Geoffrey le Baker, Chronicon Robert of Avesbury, De gesiis Edwardi III Jean le Bel, Chroniques ... Thomas Gray, Scalacronica Eulogium historiarum ... Henry Knighton, Chronicon Annales Hiberni^ .... Chandos, Le Prince Noir . Gesta Edwardi III. .... Annales de Wigornia Anominalle cronicle .... John Gower, Vox clamantis John of Fordun, Scotichronicon . Chronicon Anglice .... Henry Knighton, Chronicon (continuation) Thomas of Burton, Chronica de Melsa William Thorne, Chronica Jean Creton, Deposition de Ricliard II. Jean le Beau, Chronique de Richard II. William Langland, Richard the Redeless, etc. Jean Froisstirt, Chroniques Chronique de la traison de Richard II. Thomas W'alsingham, Gesta abbatum S. Albani Historia vitie Ricardi II. . Adam of Usk, Chronicon . Annales Ricardi II. et Henrici I\'. Andrew of Wyntoun, Chronicle of Scotland Historia S. Petri Gloucestrice Eulogium historiarum (continuation) . Gesta Henrici V. . . . . John Capgrave, Chronicle ... Chronicon de Evesham ... John Page, Siege of Rouen Thomas Otterbourne, Chronica regum Thomas Walsingham, Historia Anglicana Chronique du religieux ... Juvenal des Ursins, Histoire de Charles \T Thomas of Elmham, Vita Henrici V., etc. Titus Lixy, Vita Henrici V. Versus de Henrico \\ Annales de Bermundeseia . Jean le Fe\Te, Chronique . John Amundesham, Annales Enguerrand de iNIonstrelet, Chronique John Capgrave, Liber de Henricis Journal d'un bourgeois ... Berry the Herald, Recouvrement de Normendie Period Embraced Referenct 1337- 1259- 1048- I20I- IOI6- 1303- creation- 1333- 1303- 1339- 1326- creation- creation- 959- 1162- 1346- 1327- I- Noah- 1328- 1377- I150- 578- 1377- c. 1377- 1307- 1397- 793- 1377- 1377- 13S2- creation- 681- 1361- 1413- creation- 714- Brutus- 1272- 1380- 1380- 1413- 1413- 1413- 1042- 140S- 1421- 1400- 1100- 1405- 1449- 341 343 346 346 347 347 352 352 356 35t> 361 362 366 366 370 376 377 m 381 381 3S3 388 395 396 397 399 399 399 400 400 401 4C2 404 406 408 412 413 416 417 418 418 420 422 422 422 422 422 422 432 435 440 444 446 449 450 I 806 -63 788 749 ^93 >22 793 2762 717 716 Sii 784 770 807 688 734 779 698 714 758 775 745 807 729 845 762 810 759 777 753 2403 797 853 700 S69 384 770 789 731 700 829 827 S61 754 805 a 769 814 855 691 812 679 818 731 804 719 552 Appendix D Title of Work Period Embraced Reference Robert Blondel, De reductione Normannise 1449-I450 1723 William of Worcester, Collections I423-I452 1867 Incerti scriptoris Chronicon Angli.t . 1399-I455 1746 John Hardyng, Chronicle Albina-1461 1787 1 Chronicle of reigns of Richard II. — Henrj' VI. . I377-I461 1743 i John Blakman, De virtutibus Henrici VI. c. 1422-1461 1721 1 John Wheihamstede, Registrum I45I-I46I 1865 ' Brief notes of occurrences ..... I422-I462 1S25 : A short English chronicle 1 189-1465 1738 William of Worcester, Annales .... I324-I46S 1867 William Gregory, Chronicle .... IIS9-I469 1785 Fragment of a chronicle ..... I459-I470 1776 Chronicle of the rebellion in Lincolnshire . 1470 1742 Jehan de Waurin, Recueil des croniques Albina-1471 1863 A brief Latin chronicle ..... I429-I47I 1737 Arrival of Edward IV. ..... I47I 1799 John Warkworth, Chronicle .... I46I-I474 1862 John Ross, Historia regum Anglite creation- 1 485 1837 Robert Fabyan, Concordance of histories . Brutus-1485 1771 Political poems. ...... c. 1327-1485 2756 Thomas More, History of Richard III. 1483-14S5 1819 HistoriDe Croylandensis continuatio 1149-14S6 1798 John of Glastonbury, Historia de rebus Glaston. c. 63-1493 2603 Philippe de Comines, Memoires 1464-1498 1757 Paston letters 1422-1509 2531 Polydore ^"ergiI, Anglica historia Brutus-1538 1854 Annals of Ulster ...... 431-1540 1713 Edward Hall, Chronicle 1399-1547 1786 Annals of Loch Ce 1014-1590 1711 Annals of the four masters .... creation-i6i6 1712 THE PUBLIC RECORDS For the local records, see § 57. Title of the Record or Series Period Embraced Reference §36 Anglo-Saxon laws . c. 601-1020 Anglo-Saxon charters c. 604-1066 §37 Cartje antiqua; Ethelbert-Edw. I. § 53 Domesday book 1086 $ 50a Pipe rolls .... I 130-1832 5? 50 '■ Black book of the exchequer Hen. I.-|ohn § 50^' Red book of the exchequer s£ec. xu.-xiv. § 50''' Black book of the admiralty SECC. xii.-Hen. \T. 2145 Plea rolls .... 1194-Vict. § 52 Feet of fines .... 1 195-1834 § 52 Memoranda rolls 10 Rich. I.-1848 § 50.4- Ancient correspondence . Rich. I. -Hen. VII. ^ 53 Testa de N evil I Rich. I.-Edw. I. §55 Charter rolls .... I John-8 Hen. VIII. § 53 Oblate or fine rolls . I Tohn-23 Charles I. §50*°- Liberate rolls .... 2 John-14 Ilcn. \T. § 50^'' The PU15LIC Records 55; Title of the Record or Series Period Embraced Reference §53-^ Norman rolls .... 2 John-io Hen. V. Patent rolls 3 John-\'ict. §53 Close rolls 6 John-\'ict. §53 Pells of receipt . 14 Tohn-1782 §50^ Scutage rolls 16 John-20 Edw. HI. §50/ Army and Navy accounts, etc. John-Vict. § 54 Prsestita rolls . John-James I. § 50^!^ Wardrobe acccnmts . John-56 Geo. HI. § 50^ Pells of issue 6 Hen. III.-1797 § sod French rolls 26 Hen. HI. -26 Charles II. §53^ Gascon rolls 26 Hen. HI. -7 Edw. IV. §53^^ Inquisitions post mortem Hen. Ill.-Charles II. § 55 Ministers' accounts . Hen. HI. -Charles II. § 50/^ Originalia rolls . Hen. III.-1837 §50.?- Taxation or subsidy rolls Hen. Ill.-Vict. §50/ Hundred rolls . 1274-1279 §55 Parliamentary writs . 3 Edw. I. -Vict. § 5i« Rolls of parliament . 6 Edw. I. -Vict. §5i« Statute rolls 6 Edw. I. -8 Edw. IV. § 51^^ Kirkby"s quest . c. 1284-1285 § 55 Taxatio ecclesiastica . 1291-1292 2211 1 Year books 1292-1535 §52 Petitions . Edw. I. -Hen. VII. §51^^ Quo warranto rolls . Edw. I.-Edw. HI. 2040 Nomina villaruni 1316 §55 Nonre rolls 14-15 Edw. III. 1948 Acts of privy council . i3S6-Vict. § 5i« Confirmation rolls I Rich. Ill.-Charles I. §53 LAW-WRITERS, TREATISES ON INSTITUTIONS, ETC. For law-books of the first half of the twelfth century, see pp. 202-3. Tinie of Title of Work Composition Reference 2261 John of Salisbury, Polycraticus . II59 Dialogus de scaccario c. 1178 I915 Ranulf de Glanvill, De legibus . c. 1187 1874 Walter Map, De nugis curialium c. 1 190 2251 Henry de Bracton, De legibus . c. 1250 1870 Walter of Henley, Husbandr}- . c. 1250 2801 Mirror of justices c. 12S5 1S75 Fleta c. 1290 1872 Britton c. 1291 187 1 Ralph de Hengham, Summje . Edw. I. 1880 John Wyclif, Works 1356-84 2265-6 Modus tenendi parliamentum . Rich. II. 2030 Thomas Netter, Fasciculi zizaniorum 1428 2253 Libell of Englishe policye 1436 2S0O Reginald Pecock, The repressor c. 1449 2257 John Fortescue, De laudibus legum . c. 146S 1873 John Fortescue, Governance of England c. 1471 1873 Thomas Littleton, Tenures c. 1474 1876 INDEX The numerals, cxcepi those enclosed -within square brackets, numbered titles. Tr. = translation. refer to the Abbeys, 405, 414, 797. See Monasticism Abbo of Fleury, 1460 Abbots, 1444. See Monasticism Abbott, E. A. St. Thomas, 31 17 Abbreviatio Chronicorum, 1674 Abegg, Daniel. Dichtung, 1472 Aberconway. See Conway Aberfraw, 1116 Abergavenn)', 3036 Aberystwyth, 2653 Abingdon abbey, 1349, 135S, 1741, 2267, 2273. [P- S36J Abjuratio regni, 701 Abrahams, B. L. , works by : Condition of Jews, 3056 E.xpulsion of Jews, 3055 — Israel. Jewish Life, 3057 Abram, W. A., works by : Preston Guild, 983 Rolls of Burgesses, 2477 Account rolls, 896, 936, 1052, 1054, 1073, 1149, 1164, 1189, [§57], 3021. See Churchwardens' accounts ; Household accounts Achery, Luc d', works by : Acta Sanctonmi, 601 Spicilegium, 573 Acta Regia, 2098 — Sanctoi'um. See Saints Acton, J. E. E. D. Study of His- tory, I Adam, abbot of Evesham, 2246 — of Domerham, 2602 — ofMurimuth, 1822 — of Usk, 1853 Adamnan. Vita S. Columbas, 1454 Adams, H. C. Wykehamica, 3198 — Henry. Courts of Law, 1491 Addington, 2426 Addison, C. G. Templars, 3102 — John. Archives of Preston, 2476 Addy, S. O. , works by : Beauchief Abbey, 872 Cart£e XVI., 2737 English House, 424 Adelard. Epistolaad Elfegum, [p. 218] Admirals, 706, 717 Admiralty, 2145 ; pleas, 2050 .(Elfheah. See Elphege .iElfric, lives of, 1621-22 ; works by : Canons, 1427 Colloquium, 1481 Concordia, [p. 211J, 1435, i437 Glossary, 1480 Homilies, 1430 Lives of Saints, 1430 Vita S. /Ethelwoldi, 1462 .iElfric Bata, 148 1 Aelred of Rievaulx. See Rievaul.x, Aelred of .(Ethelwold. See Ethelwold Agarde, .Arthur, 473, 483, 2041 Agincourt, battle of, 1787, 1789, 1812, 1863, 2756, 2992, 2994 Agnellus, Thomas. De Morte Henrici, 1676 Agriculture, 64, 728, [§§ 25, 44 a], 2801, 2877, 3227 Aidan, 1623 Aids, feudal, [§50/ pp. 341, 378], 2157, 2169, 2540 Aigueblanche, Pierre d', 2838 Airy, G. B. Essays, 1297 — William. Domesday, 1892 Akerman, J. Y. , works by : Coins, 383 Manual, 372 Remains, 393 Rent Roll, 2691 Alan of Tewkesbury, 2229, 2262 Alberdingk-Thijm, P. P. M. Willebror- dus, 1663 Albon, William, 2407 Alcuin, 21, 1376; lives of, 1624-30; works by : Carmen, 581, [p. 214], 1446 EpistolcC, [p. 214], 1446, 1566 Opera, 1445 Vita .A.lcuini, 1446 — S. Willibrordi, 1446 Aldhelm, 21, 1642; lives of, 1443-4, 1447, 1631-2 ; Opera, 1447 556 Index Alexander III., 1916; Opera, 2224 Alfred the Great, 1349, 1373 ; lives of, 1502, [§ 42] ; \\1io!c \Vorks of, 1537. See Asser Aliceholt forest, 684 Allan, G. , 2328, 2352-4 Allen, Grant. Anglo-Saxon England, [P- 159] — J. R. British Church, 394 — Tohn (archbishop of Dublin), 2412 — ■— (M.D.), works by : Annual Parliaments, 2922 Eadwig, 1521 English Legislature, 2944 Royal Prerogative, 661, 1555 — — (of Hereford). Bibliotheca Here- fordiensis, 74 — — (of Liskeard). Liskeard, 865 — Lake. History of Portsmouth, 919 — W. F. , works by : Essays, 719, 1324 Germany of Tacitus, 1321 Allibone, S. A. Dictionary, 53 Almain rolls, [p. 364] Almonbury, 1188 Almshouses, 2609, [pp. 537, 539] Alnwick, 1047, 2551 Altavilla, John de, 2751 Alton Barnes, 2688 Alured of Beverley, 1720 Ambresbury, Michael de, 2605 Ambrosden, 1058 Ambrose. La Guerre Sainte, 594, 1677 America, 1327 Ames, J. B. , works by : Disseisin of Chattels, [p. 93] History of Assumpsit, |p. 93] Amiens, Guy of. De Bello Hastingensi, 1678 Amira, Karl von, works by : Erbenfolge, 1541 Normannisches Recht, 2808 Amondesham, Walter de, 2150 Amos, Andrew, 1873 Amphlett, John, works by : History of Clent, 1154 Index to Nash's Worcestershire, IIS3 Lay Subsid}', 1977, 1979 Amundesham, John. Annales, 1679 Am}ct, Thomas, works by : Bayeux Tapestry, 2139 Transcript of a Chronicle, 1745 Two Rolls, 2536 Ancren Riwle, 2194 Anderson, Adam. Commerce, 1192 — 'J.C. Uriconium, 1296 — J. P. Topography, 63 — James. Thesaurus, 252 — Joseph. Orkneyinga Saga (Tr.), 1390 — R. B. , works by : Horn's Literattu-e (Tr.), [p. 193] Laing's Heimskringla, 1384 Andover, 2387 Andrew, Bernard, | p. 540] Andrcson, Hugo. Wace's Roman de Rou, 1859 Andrew, John. Glover's Ashton-under- Lyne, 986 Andrew of Wyntoun, 1869 Andrews, C. M. The Manor, [p. 237] — E. B. Droysen's Grundriss (Tr.), 4 — William. Punishments, 2964 Anesty, Richard de, 2038 Angles, 1506, 1514, 1519 Anglesey, 1131, 1135, 2657 Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, 21, 594, 1349, 1680, 1866 — coins, 385, 388-90; dictionaries, [§4a]; laws, 660, [§ 36]; poetry, 21, 191 • L§ 39] ; proper names, 341 ; re- mains, [§ IT a], 429 Anglo-Saxons, 366-7, 1018, 1239, 1263, [§§34-47] Angouleme, earl of, 2765 Annales, 1350-52, 1664, 1681-1704 Annalis Historia Brevis, 1704 Annals, 1353, 1705-13. See Chroniclers Anscombe, Alfred. St. Gildas, 1370 Anselm, archbishop of Canterbury, lives and miracles of, 586, 2225-6, 3107-16 ; works of, 573, 2226 Anstey, manor of, 2401 — Henry, works by : Epistolae, 2780 Munimenta, 2781 Anstruther, Robert, works by : Epistolae Herberti de Losinga, 2249 Ralph Niger's Chronica, 1824 Anthony, bishop of Meath. Modus Tenendi Parliamenta, 2031 Antiquities, [§§ 11, 24] : ecclesiastical, 1595, 1599, 2207 German, 1340 military, 711, 1309 popular, 1227 Antonine wall, 1277.7. Antoninus, Itinerary of, 1263, 1272-3, 1302 Appleton, Henry. Muster Roll, 2147 AqutE Solis (Bath), 1291 Aquitaine, 2123, 2854 Arbois de Jubainville, Henri d', works by: Cours de Litt^rature, 1489 Etudes, 1394 Introduction, 1260 Premiers Habitants, 1242 Arc, Jeanne d', 2988 Archaeology, 40, 214, [§§ it, 30] Archbishops. See Canterbury ; York Archdall, Mervyn. Monasticon, 943 Architecture, 105, [§ 3 d], 404-5, 413. [§ II ^]> 3196 Archives, [§ 12J Archivist (pseud.). Records of Ireland, 457 Areley, 1809 Ari the Historian. Kings' Book, 1384 Index 557 Arlesey, 2365 i\rley hall, 2283 Armagh, 965 Arniitage, E. S. Antiquities, 395 Armorial bearings. [§ 7 b, p. 354] Armorica, 1370, 1515 — William of, 1835 Arms and armour, 396, 399, 400, [§ 11 c\, 712, 1238 Armv, [§ 21], 1018, 1303, 1309, 1313, i7i6, [§§ 54. 68] Arndt, Wilhelm. Schnfttafeln, 226 Arne Lawrence's son. Dunstan Saga, [p. 219] Arngrim, abbot of Thin gey rar, 2230 Arnold, Richard. Customs of London, 1715 — Thomas, works by : Htmtingdon's Historia, i8oi Memorials of St. ]>.lmund's Abbey, 1460, 2628 Notes on Beowulf, 1474 Simeon of Durham's Opera, 1767 Works of Wyclil, 2265 — \\'ilhelm. Urzeit, 1325 Arnulf of Lisieux, 2248 Aronius, Julius. Diplomatische ."^tudien, 1410 Art, [Jj 11] Arthur, legends of, 1374 " murder of, 2829 Articuli Willelmi, [p. 347] Arundel, castle and town of, iiii — earldom of, 3037 — house of, 3045 — • rape of, iioi Arundcll, Lord, MSS. of, [p. 536] Ar}'ans, 1256, 1258, 1558 Ashburne, 2299 Ashburnham, earl of, MSS. of, [p. 536] Ashburton, 2312 Ashen charters, 2356 Ashley, Margaret. Fustel's Origin of Property (Tr. ), 1331 — W. J. , 3054 ; works by : Anglo-Saxon Township, 1557 Economic History, 1193 Feudalism, 638 Ashniore, 890 Ashton (Wilts), 2408 Ashton-under-Lyne, 986, 2461 Ashworth, P. A. Gneist's English Con- stitution (Tr. ), 639 ■ Asser. Annales .Itlfredi, 594, 1354, 1357 ''. 1516 Register, 2397 :p- 348] See Plea rolls Asserio, Rigaud de. Assize of Clarendon, Assize rolls, [§ 52] Assizes, [p. 348] Assmann, liruno. Homilien, 1430 Assumpsit, [p. 93] Astle, Thomas, 458; Origin of Writing, 227 Asylum. Sec Sanctuary Athelney abbey, 2608 Athena, John de. Annotations, 622 Atkinson, G. M. Ogam Monuments, 1488 — J. C. , works by : Cartularium, 2758, 2740 Coucher Book, 2467 Memorials of Whitby, 1160 — Robert, works by : Book of Ballymote, 1367, 1395 Passions, 2218 Seint Auban, 200 — T. D. Cambridge, 852 Atkyns, Robert. Gloucestershire, 904 Atlases, l§ 9 f] Atterbury, Francis. Convocation, 749 Atthill, William. Documents, 2732 Attorneys, 647 Attwood, J. S. Index, 880-81 Auckland, 895 Audley End, 902 Augustine, St., 979, 1463, 1614, 1633-8 Aungier, G. J. Croniques, 1763 Austin priories, 1099, 2289, 2313 Austria, 2805 Auxiliaries to historical study, [§§ 4-1 1] A van, lords of, 3026 Aveling, J. H. Roche Abbey, 1161 Avery library, 422 Avesbury, Robert of. Dc Gestis Ed- wardi IIL, 1716 Avezac-Macaya, M. A. 1'. d'. Le Ravennate, 1276 Axbridge, [p. 536] Ayloffe, Joseph. Calendars, 458, 2088 Aymeric, Joseph. Ebert's Literatur (Tr.), 21 Ayscough, Samuel. Catalogue, 513 Ay ton, John of. Annotations, 622 Azo's .Summa, 1870 B.\BCOCK, W. H., Two Lost Centuries, 1505 Babington, Churchill, works by : Higden's Polychronicon, 1793 Pecock's Repressor, 2257 Backer, Joseph de, works by : Acta Sanctorum, 607 .A.nalecta, 608 Bibliotheque, 603 Bacon, Nathaniel. Annals of Ipswich, 1089 — Roger, [p. 392] ; works by, 2227-8 Baddesley Clinton, 1142 Baden-Powell, B. H., works by : Village Communities, 1559 Village Community, it;59 Bagot, J. F., MSS. of, [p. 536J Baigent, F. J., works by : Basingstoke, 920 Records of Crondal, 2388 Registers, 2397 Baildon, \\'. P., works by : Cases in Chancery, 2048 Civil Pleas, 2049 558 Index Baildon, W. P. — co7iti>?ued Court Baron, 1878, 2286 Notes, 2712 Records of Lincoln's Inn, 2796 Bailey, Alfred. Succession, 662 Bain, Joseph. Calendar of Documents, 2131 Bainbridge, Christopher, 2215 Baines, Edward, works by : County of Lancaster, 982 Lansdowne Feodary, 2178 Baker, Charles. Surveys, 2658 — Geoffrey le, works by : Chronicon, 1717 Chroniculum, 1717 — George. Coiuity of Northampton, 1038 — J. B. Scarborough, 1162 Baldwin, archbishop of Canterbury, 2220 — J. F. Scutage, 2952 Bale, John, works by : Brief Chronicle, 3148 Scriptorum Summarium. 34 Ball, John, 2865 Ballads, 2753 Ballard, A. Boroughs, 3213 Bampton, 1055 Bandinel, Bulkeley. Dugdale's Monasti- con, 613 Bangor, 2209, 2213, 2657 Banham, 2532 a Banks, R. W., works by : Cartularium, 2660 C'harters, 2653 Welsh Records, 2654 — T. C. Baronage, 312 Bannockburn, 1018, 3001 Barber, Henry. Family Names, 335 Barbour, John. The Bricc, 1718 Bards, 1478 Bardsley, C. W. Surnames, 336 Baring, F. , works by : Burton Cartulary, 2610 Domesday, 2384, 2399 Hidation, 1493 Barkl}-, Henry, works by : Kirkljy's Quest, 2168 Liber Niger, 1916 Testa de Nevill, 2161, 2170 Barmby, James. Memorials, 2344 Barnard Castle, 2328 Barnes, Ralph. Liber Pontificalis, 2215 — W. M. I'ipe Rolls, 1924 Barnstaple, 878, 231 1, [p. 536] Barnwell priory, 856, 1761, 2289 Baron, John. Johnson's Laws, 621 Baronages, [§§ 8 c, 69 b] Barons' war, 1683, 1692-6, 1702-3, 1751, 1783, 1836, 1841, i868, 2045, [i 6ij Barri, Gerald de, 594, 1782, 2242 Barrington, B. C. Magna Charta, 2012 — Daines. Statutes, 2020 I^arrington's Fee, 2367 FiaiTon, Oswald. Heraldry, [p. 35] Barrows, 1248 Barry, Albert. Muirchu's Life of .St. Patrick (Tr.), 1468 Bartholomew, John. Gazetteer, 353 Bartholomew fair, 1218, 1225 Bartlett, Benjamin. Manceter, 1139 — S. E. Chipping Campden, 907 Basingstoke, 920 Bassenge, F. E. Sendung Augustin.^;, 1633 Bates, C. J., works by : Border Holds, 1043 Northumberland, 835 — E. H. Cartularies, 2608 Bateson, Mary, works by : Double Monasteries, 161 1 Excerpta. 1437 Laws of Breteui!, 3214 Records of Leicester, 2487 Register of Crabhouse, 2535 Rules for Monks, 1434 Thomas of Ely, 1372 Bath, 167 ; bishops of, 1080, 2590, 2596 ; history of, 1071, io8i, 1291 ; records of, 1966, 2590-92, 2595-7 Batley, 1184 Batteiy, John. Antiquitates Rutupinae, 1090 — Nicholas. Three Hospitals, 970 Battle abbey, 2038, 2408 ; chronicles of, 586, 1751 ; records of, 2643-4, 2649 Roll, 314 Battles, [§§ 21, 68]. See also the names of particular battles Baudri, bishop of Dol, [p. 373] i Baumstark, D. Germania des Tacitus, i 1314 ! Baye, Joseph de. Etudes, 396 I Bayeux, Odo of, 2139, 2260 — tapestry, [pp. 373-4] ' Bayley, John, works by : I ' Battle of St. .\Ibans, 167s j Tower of London, 1003 I Bazeley, William. Gloucestershire Litera- j ture, 72 ! Beames, John. Glanvill (Tr.), 1874 j Beamont, William, works by : ! Arley Charters, 2283 j Domesday, [p. 320] I Rolls of HaTton, 2282 I Warrington, 2480 I Beauchief abbey, 872, 875 ' Beaucorps, Adalbert de. L'.\rmce, 2988 I Beaucourt, G. du Fresne de. Charles VI I. , I 2890 I Beaufort, Sir Thomas, 2145 i Beaumaris, 1131, 2656 j Beaurepaire, E. de. Steenstrup'> Nor- mands (Tr.), 1535 Beaven, A. B. Representation, C943 Bee abbey, 1759, 2408 I Beck, bishop of Durham, 1898 j — Ludwig. Geschichte des Ei^en^, 1202 — S. W. , works by : I Draper's Dictionary, 1203 I Gloves, 1204 Index 559 Beck, T. A. Annales Furtiesieiises, 984 Beckct, Thomas, 1824, 2224. 2240, 2248, 2261 ; lives and letters of, 543, 591, 594, 596, 2229-31. 2239 Beckinglon, or Bekynton. Thomas. works by : Correspondence, 2106 Journal, 2232 Letters, 2233 Beckwith, J. Chislehurst, 980 a Beda. See IJedc Beddoe, John. Races of Britain, 1243 Bede, lives of, [p. 215], 1632 ; works by : Chronica, 145 1 Epistolte, [pp. 215-16J Historia Ecclesiiistica, 577, 1355 Homilies, 1431 Opera. 591, 1448-51 Penitential, 1425 Vita Abbatum, ■ pp. 215-16] Vita S. Cuthberli, [pp. 215-16], 1457 Bedford, borough of, 841, 2281 — Thomas. Simeon's Historia Dunel- mensis, 1767 — W. K. R. Blazon, 277 Bedfordshire, 841-2, 1257 Domesday, 1884, 1892 eyre roll, 2052 a feet of fines, 2035 inquisitions, 2157 journals and societies, 105, 112 local records, [§ 57 a\ Bedingfeld, Sir H. P.. 3030 Beer, 1206 Behrens, D. Beitrage, [p. 24] Belgium, 32, 680. 1806 Bell. William. Sprott's Chronicle (Tr.), 1843 Bellaquet, Louis. Chronique du Reli- gieux, 1754 Belleshcim, .\lphons. Katholische Kirche in Irland, 944; in Schottland, 1600 Bclvoir abbey, 996 Bemont, Charles, works by : Chartes des Liberty, 2013 Chronicon de Bello, 1751 Condanuiation de Jean, 2829, 2833 Date du Modus Tenendi, 2028 Roles Gascons, 2123 Simon de Montfort, 2830 Benedict. St. . Rule of, 619, [§ 38 r] — of Peterborough. See Peterborough, fenedict of Benedictines, 601, 619, [§23fl'|, 1157, l§ 38 f, p. 253], 2245 Benen. or Picnignus, St., 1395 Bennett, James. Tewkesbur\', 90S — Richard. Corn-milling, 1205 Benoil de Sainte-Maure, 1840 Beiisemann, Walther. Richard Ne\il, 2891 liensinglon, or Pjcnson, 1064 Ficnson, E. W. The Cathedral, 799 Jientham, James. Church of El}-, 853 Bentley, Samuel. Excerpta, 2143 Beowulf, T474 Bere forest, 684 Bergenroth, G. \'olksaufstand, 2860 Berkeley, 916, 2369. 3042 — baron of, 3020 — M. Y. F., 3031 — W. F. , 3028 Berkeleys, li%'es of the, 3042 Berkshire : Domesday, 1884 feet of fines, 2035 inquisitions, 2157 journals and societies, 113- 15 local history, 835, 843-9 — records, [§ 57 «], 2643 Berliere, Ursmar. Cluniacenser, 3095 Bermondsey, Annals of, 1691 Bernard, Edward. Catalogue, 498 Bernheim, Ernst. Lehrbuch, 2 Bernicia, 1363 Berr}', G. G. Langlois's Introduction (Tr.), 10 — H. F. , works b}' : Manor of ^fallow, 2424 Register of Wills, 2420 — H^rault du Roy. Le Recouvrement, 1719 Bertram, C. J. Scriptores, 1277, 1375 Bertrand, Alexandre. Les Druides, 1261 Berwick-upon-Tueed, 1046, 2561, [p. 536] Betham, William. Dignities, 2001, 2923 Bethmann, L. C. Torigni's Chronica, 1848 Bevan, J. O. Herefordshire, [p. 48J Beverlej' : church of St. John, 613, 2347, 2719 historj', 1 182 schools, 271 1 town documents, 2720 — ■ Alured of. Annales, 1720 — John of, lives of, 144 1 Bible, 786 Bibliography : Anglo-Jewish history, 3065 architecture, 422-3 biography, 297-8 church services, 2213 Domesday, 1885. 1885 a ethnology, 1255 general, | § 2] local history, 63-84 numismatics, 369-70 political economy, 1196 wills, [p. 473] Bicester, 1052, 1054, 1058 Bickerdyke, John. Curiosities, 1026 Bickley, F. B. . works by : Calendar, 2371 Court Rolls of Duhvich, 2636 Index to Charters, 516 a Little Red Book, 2374 — W. B. Guild of Knowle, 2685 Biener, F. A. Geschwornengcricht, 686 Bierb-umi, F. J. Ucber Mi not, 2762 560 Index Bigelow, M. M., works by : Placita, 2038 Procedure, 2965 Rinhani prior}', 1029 Biogiaphy, [§§ 8, 16 b, 34, 38<;', 47 d, 48, 56 d, 70 c\ Birch, Thomas, MSS. of, 513 — W. de Gray, works by : Cartularium, 141 1 Catalogue of MSS. , 2673 Charters of London, 2511 Charters of Worcester, 1411 Cistercian Abbeys, 3090 Collections, 2687 Danes, 1522 Domesday Book, 1885 Fasti Monastici, 1612 Index of Styles, 663 Ingulfs Historia, 1371 Liber Vitse, 2396 Life of Malmesbury, 1815 Margam Abbey, 1122 Memorials of St. Guthlac, 1464 Seals, 268 Vita Haroldi, 1379 Birch Feodary, 2176 Birchington, Stephen. Historia, 2432 Bird, S. R. Scargill, works by : Crown Lands, 2917 Custumals, 2643 Guide, 459, 496 Scutage Rolls, 1946 Birmingham, 155 Bischoff, F. H. T. Worterbuch, 355 — James. Comprehensive History, 1207 Bishop, Fdmund, works by : Bibliographic, 2208 Institutes, 3073 Bishops, 141 1, 1423, 1444, 1595 ; lists of, [§ 23 e, p. 2o8j, 1500, 3080 Anglo-Saxon, 1500 Cornwall, 1617 Durham, etc., 892, 1618 Exeter, 881 Ireland, 954 Salisbury, 1148 See also under tlie names of bishoprics Bishop's Castle, [p. 536] — Stortford, 2406 Bitton, 910 — Thomas de, 2314-15 Blaauw, W. H. , works by : Barons' War, 2831 Subsidy, 1957, 2210 Black, W. H. , works by : Arundel MSS., 519 Ashmole MSS., 528 Charters of Burton, 26 11 Chronicon Vilodunense, 1459 Hereford Records, 2404 Black Book of the Admiralty, 2145 of the Exchequer, [§ 50 b'\ — Death, [§ 62 a] — friars, 1029 — monks, 793, 795. See Dominicans See Edwaid the Black History of Nottingham, of Black Prince. Prince Blackner, John. 1049 Blackstone, William, works by : Commentaries, [p. 91], 646. Great Charter, 2014 Blackwall, 1257 Blades, William. Caxton, 1733 Blair, O. H. Bellesheim's Church Scotland (Tr. ), 1600 Blakeney, Robert, 1865 Blakeway, J. B. Shrewsburj-, 1069 Blakiston, H. E. D. College Rolls, 2779 Blakman, John. Henrj' VI., 1721 Blaneford, Henry of. Chronica, 1722 Blashill, Thomas. Sutton-in-Holderness, 1 163 Blaydes, F. .A.., works by : Bushmead Cartulary, 2269 Calendar, 2270 Bleadon, 2599 Blegewyrd, 1351 Blicking hall, 1432 Bliss, W. H. Calendar, 612 Bloch, Hermann. Forschungen, 2819 Blois, Henry of, 1781 — Peter of, works b)' : Continuation of Ingulf, 1371 Opera, 2234 Blomefield, Francis. Norfolk, 1026 Blomfield, J. C. Bicester, 1052 Blondel, legend of, 2825 — Robert, works by : De Reductione Normanniae, 1723 CEuvres, 1723 Bloom, J. H. Cartas, 2284(7 Blount, Thomas. Tenures, 720 Bloxam, J. R. Register, 2787 — M. H. Architecture, [p. 51] ]. E. Tews, 3058 T. A. 'Bedford. S41 C. W. , works by : Oxford, 826 Register, 2782, 2788 — G. C. Bibliotheca, 69 Bodmin, 2304 Boece, Hector, Tp. ^^ji] Bticking, Edward. Notitia, 1274 Boeheim, Wendelin. Handbuch, 444 Bohmer, Heinrich. Kirche und Staat, 3074 Boendale, Jan, 1806 Bonhoff, Leo. Aldhelm, 1631 Bohn, H. G., 58 Boivin-Champeaux, works by : La Reine Emma, 1523 Longchamp, 3145 Roger le Grand, 3159 Boldon Book, 1898 Bolland, Jean. Acta .Sanctorum, 603 Bolton priory, 1189 Bond, E. A. , works by : Chronica de Melsa, 1729 Blunt, Blyth, Boase, Index 561 Bond, E. A. — continued Facsimiles, 257, 259 Liberate Rolls, 1931 — J.J. Handy-book, 217 — Thomas. Corfe Castle, 887 Boniface, St., lives and works of, 21, 1443. [P- 216], 1639-48 Bonwick, James. Wool Trade, 1028 Book of Aicill, 1394 — of Aids, [pp. 334-5] — of Ely, 1372 — of Howth, 1724 — of Hyde, 1373 — of Rights, 1395 Book-land, 1543, 1547 Booth, John. Halmota, 2342 Bordin, Jean de, 1789 Borley, 2363 Borough English, 753, 3005-6 Boroughs [§ 24], 1193, 1299, 1492-3, [§§ 44 ^. 57]. 2929, [§ 72] Bosham , Herbert of, works b)- : Life of Becket, 2229 Opera, 2235 Boston, 1002 — Robert of, 1747 Bosworth, Joseph. Dictionary, 188 Botfield, Beriah. Notes, 499 Botoner, William, 1867 Boucher de Molandon, R^mi. L'Armde, 2988 Bouquet, Martin. Recueil, 575 Bourchier, John, Lord Berners. Frois- sart's Chronicles (Tr.), 1777 Bourgeois de Paris. Journal, 1S04 Bourne, H. R. F. English Merchants, 1209 Boutell, Charles. Heraldry, 278 Bouterwek, C. W. Chronicon, 1748 Boutni)', Emile, works bj- : Constitution, 2802 Parlement, 2924 Bouvier, Gilles le, 1719 Bower, Walter, 1775 Bowker, Alfred. Alfred the Great, 1520 Bowles, W. L. Lacock Abbey, 1146 Boxall, C. G. Early Records, 2402 Boyd, W. K., works by: Extent of Ellesmere, 2575 — of Welsh Hampton, 2585 Inquisitions, 2182 Leicestershire Survey, 1903 Lincolnshire Records, 2068 Poll-tax. 1969 Records of Wroxall, 2684 Shropshire Assize Rolls, 2074 — Feet of Fines, 2075 Boyle, Annals of, 1706 — J. R., works by : Roman Wall, 1278 Town of Hedon, 1164 Boync, \\'illiam. Yorkshire Library, 84 Boys, William. Sandwich, 968 Bozon, Nicole. Contes, 2236 Brabner, J. H. F. Gazetteer, 356 Bracton, Henry de, works by : De Legibus, 1870 Note Book, 2032 Bradcar, 2535 a Bradford, 183 Bradley, Henry. Dictionary, 194, 197 Bradshaw, Henry, works by : Hibernensis, 1429 Statutes, 2494 Brady, Robert, works by : Complete History, [p. 365] Treatise, 817 Bragg, W. B. Records, 2486 Braikenridge, G. W., 2371 Braine, A. Kingswood Forest, 909 Brakelond, Joceline de. Chronica, 594, 2628 Bramber rape, iioi Brand, John, works bj' : Antiquities, 1227 Newcastle-on-Tyne, 1044 Roll of Expenses (Tr. ), 1944 Brantingham, Thomas de, 1932 Brash, R. R., works by : Architecture, 425 Ogam Monuments, 1488 Brasses, 405 a Bratke, Eduard. Wegweiser, 18 Bratton, 2689 — Henry of, 1870, 2032 Bray, Thomas. Conquest of Ireland, 1725 — William, works by : OflRce of Purveyor, 664 SuiTey, 1096 Bray hundred, 845 Braybrooke, Lord. Audley End, 902 Brayley, E. W. Abbey of Westminster, 1004 Breck, Edward. Fragment, 1435 Brecon, 2660 Breese, Edward. Kalendars, 1131 Brehon laws, 1270, 1394 Bremen, 1356 — Adam of. Gesta Pontificum, 1356 Bremond, A. Bullarium, [p. 385] Brentano, Lujo. Gilds, 818, 2214 Br^quigny, L. G. O. F. de, 2124 Bresslau, Harry. Urkundenlehre, 228 Breteuil, 3214 Breton, Guillaume le, 1835 — John, 1871 Brett, E. J. Armour, 445 Brevia judicialia, [p. 354] — originalia, [p. 354] — Placitata, 1877 Brevis Relatio, 1726 Brewer, J. S. , works by : Book of Howth, 1714 Bray's Conquest of Ireland, 1725 Carew MSS. , 518 English Studies, 3 Fuller's Church History, 746 Gerald de Barri's Opera, 1782, 2242 Monumenta Franciscana, 2201 O O 562 Index Brewer, J. S. — continued Registrum Malmesburiense, 2690 Report, 521 Rogeri Bacon Opera, 2227 Brian Boru, 1380, 1388 Bridgeman, G. T. O. Histor}' of Princes, 1112 Bridges, B. W. , 3029 — J. H. Bacon's Opus Majus, 2228 Bridgett, T. E., works by : Holy Eucharist, 800 Thomas Moore, 1819 Bridgnorth, fp. 536] Bridgwater, [p. 536] Bridlington, John of, 2756 — priory, 1779, 1808 Bridport, [p. 536] Brigg, W. Testamenta, 2715 Bright, William. Church History, 1591, [P- 249] Brightwaltham, 2408 Brinckmeier, Eduard. Glossarium, 210 Brink, Bernard ten, works by : Beowulf Untersuchungen, 1474 Chaucer, 2757 Litteratur, 35 Brinkburn priory, 2550 Brisley deanery, 1027 Bristol, 109, 133, 917, 1209, 1867, 3229 ; history of, 826, 914-15 ; records of, 1953. 2370-79 Brithwald. Vita Egwini, 1443 British Museum. See London Britton, 1871 Brocas family, 3021 Brodribb, W. J. Tacitus's Germania (Tr.), [p. 169] Brodrick, G. C, works by : Merton College, 3182 University of Oxford, 3181 Bromfield, 2661 Bromholm priory, 1029 Brompton, John. Chronicon, 1727 Bromyard, John of. Summa, 2237 Bronescombe, Walter. Register, 2315 Bron\yj'dd, 2668 Brooke, A. S. Early Literature, [p. 223] — Robert. Abridgement, 2053 Brossmann, Karl. Quellen, 1783 Brou, — . St. .A.ugnstin, 1634 Brougham, Henrv. House of Lancaster, 2876 Broughton, honour of, 2408 — Richard, works by : Memorial, 782 Monastichon, 782 Brown, A. M. , 3148 — C. Nottinghamshire, 835 — Edward. Fasciculus, 2221 — H. F. Archives of Venice, 2126 — J. C. Forests, 679 — P. H. Scotland, 2807 — Rawdon. Archives of Venice, 2126 — William, works by : Cartularium, 2721 Brown, William — continued Pedes Finium Ebor. , 2086 Yorkshire Inquisitions, 2192 — Subsidy, 1983-4 Brownbill, J. An English Canonist, 622 BrowTie, G. F., works by : Augustine, 1635 Conversion of Heptarchy, 1613 Theodore, 1659 Venerable Bede, 1355 — John. St. Peter, York, 1165 — Matthew. Chaucer's England, 2757 Brownlow, W. R. Lectures, 721 Bruce, J. C, works by : Bayeux Tapestry, 2139 Handbook, 1279 Lapidarium, 1285 Roman Wall, 1279 — John, works by : Arrival of Edw. IV. , 1799 Letters of Vemey Family, 2277 — Robert, 1718 Brunanburh, battle of, [p. 223], 1474, 1527 , ^ Bnmet, Gustave. Journal (Tr.), 2232 — J. C. Manuel, 55 Brunne, Robert of, 18 16 Brunner, Heinrich, works by : Erbfolgesystein, 3003 Forschungen, 647 Quellen des Rechts, 36 Rechtsgeschichte, 1326 Sch\\-urgerichte, 686 Sippe, 1542 Urkunde, 1412, 1543 Brut Tysylio, 1374 — y Saesson, 1728 — y T\'Avysogion, 1728 Brute, Chronicle of, 1733 Bruton prior)', 2601 Bruyssel, Ernest van. Etude, 37 Brj'an, E. A. The Mark, 1327 Br)-dges, S. E. Collins's Peerage, 316 Buccleuch, duke of, MSS. of, [p. 536] Buchon, J. A. C, works by : Creton's Richard II., 1762 Juvenal des Ursins, 1805 a Le Beau's Chronique, 18 10 Buck, George. Richard III., 2904 Buckenham priory, 1029 Buckfast abbey, 2315 Buckinghamshire : bibliograph)', 68 Domesda)-, 1884 e>Te roll , 2052 a feet of fines, 2035 inquisitions, 2157 journals and societies, 113, 116 local history, 850-51 — records, [§ 57 a] Buckler, William. Ilchester Deeds, 2609 Buckstaff, F. G. Property, 1544 Buddensieg, Rudolf. Wiclif, 3164 Budinger, Max. Richard III., 2905 Builth, 2653 Index 563 BuUen, William, works by : Book of Howth, 1724 Bray's Conquest of Ireland, 1725 CarewMSS., 518 Bulls, papal, 1364, 1765, 1830, 1917, [P- 385]. 2412-13, 2415, 2445, 2467, 2602, 2674, 2694, 2725, 2736, 3087 Bunce, C. R., 2430, 2433 Bund, J. W. W. See Willis-Bund, J. W. Burcester. See Bicester Burgh. See Peterborough Burgo, Thomas de. Hibernia Domini- cana, 3096 Burgfundy, 2898 Burguy, G. F. Grammaire, 201 Burke, J. B. , works by : Armory, 279 Dictionary, 313 Royal Families, 322 — John, works by : Armory, 279 Dictionary, 313 Royal Families, 322 — O. J. Archbishops, 945 Bum, J. S. Henley-on-Thames, 1053 — Richard. Westmoreland, 869 Burnby, John. Obituary Roll, 2345 Burnett, George. Heraldry, 295 Burnham, 2272 Burnley, James. Histoi-y of Wool, 1210 Burrows, Montagu, works by : Cinque Ports, 826 Collectanea, 2779 Family of Brocas, 3021 Publication of Gascon Rolls, 2123 Wiclif s Place, 3165 William GrocjTi, 3131 Burton, J. H. Scotland, 2807 — J. R. Kidderminster, 1155 — John. Monasticon, 1166 — Thomas. Hemingbrough, 1167 — Thomas. of. Chronica deMelsa, 1729 — William. Commentary, 1273 Burton-on-Trent, 594, 1692, 2610-11 Burtt, Joseph. Muniments of West- minster, 2526 Bury, Richard of, works by : Liber Epistolaris, [p. 536] Register, 2346 Bury St. Edmunds : chronicles, 586, 1460, 1701, 2628 history, 1090, 1095, 3°97 records, 613, 2727-9, [p. 536] Busch, Emil. Lautlehre, [p. 24] Bush, Henry. Bristol Duties, 2370 Bushmead, 2269 Buss, F. J. von. Winfrid-Bonifacius, 1639 Butcher, J. H. Ashburton, 2312 — Samuel. The Calendar, 218 Butler, Alban. Saints, 611 — Charles. Coke upon Littleton, 1876 — G. S. Topographica, 83 — J. G. Statutes, 2024 Butler, Richard, works by : Annals of Ireland, 1689, 1755 Grace's Annales, 1688 Registrum, 2421 Byrhtnoth, 1473, 1529 Cade, John, 1672, 1743, 1785, 2892, 2901 Caen, 1704, 2996 Caerlaverock, 2152 Caernarvon. See Carnarvon Ca2sar, Julius, [pp. 159, 169], 1263, 1297, 1304, 1307, 1312 Caillemer, E.\up>ere. Droit Civil, 3207 Caister, 2536 Calais, 2141, 214712, 2232, 3223 Calendar, the, 1227 Caley, John, works hy : Dugdale's Monasticon, 613 R}'mer's Foedera, 2097 Calverley, W. S. Crosses, 397 Calverley charters, 2717 a Cambria. See Wales Cambridge : borough, 852, 854, [p. 536] St. Radegund, 2290 university and colleges, history of, 852, 3097, [§ 71 a] ; MSS. and records of, 487, 489, 498, 501-3, 535-6. [§ 58, p. 536] Cambridgeshire : Domesday, 1884, 1891, 1893-4 feet of fines, 2035, 2055 inquisitions, 2157 journals and societies, 117 local history, 816, 835, 852-8 — records, [§ 57 it], 2866 plea rolls, 2045, 2054, 2866 Camden, William, works by : Anglica Scripta, 576 Britannia, 343 Marlborough's Cronica, 1817 Campbell, John (baron), works of: Chancellors, 324 Chief Justices, 323 (LL.D.). Admirals, 706 Candidus, Hugh. Historia, 2556 Canning, Richard. Charters of Ipswich, 2632 Canon law, 614, 622, 762, 768-70 Canons, 616, 627, 631, [§ 38 a\ Canonsleigh priory, 2313 Canterbury, chroniclers of, 597, 1349. 1730, 1768, 1843, 1845 ; history of, 106, 973, 978-9; records of, 622, 2197 fl, 2427-33, 2776, [p. 536] archbishops, 803(2, 972, 974, 1730, 2222, 2432 cathedral, 441, 786 Christ church, 1730, 2219-20 hospitals, 970 St. Augustine's, 795, 1364, 1845 — Gervase of, 594, 1730 — Reginald of, 3129 Cantilupo, Walterus de, 2682 002 564 Index Canj'nges family, 1209, 3229 Caorsini, 3228 Capes, W. W. English Church, 757 Capet, Hugh, 1838 Capgrave, John, works by : Chronicle of England, 1731 Liber de Henricis, 1731 Nova Legenda, 604 Vita Oswaldi, 1465 — S. Dunstani, [p. 218] Cappelli, Adriano. Lexicon, 229 Caradoc of Llancarvan, 1728 Cardiff, 2652, 2659 Cardiganshire, 1998 Cardinals, 332 Cardwell, Edward. Gibson's Synodus, 760 CarewMSS., 518, 521 Carlisle, city and diocese, 397 ; history of, 823, 868; records of, 2223, 2307-8, [P- 537] Carmarthen, 2653, 2655, 2662, 2665 Carmarthenshire, 175 Carnarvon, 1131 ; Record of, 2209, 2657 Carne family, 2656 Caro, Jacob. Btindniss von Canterbury, 2883" Carpenter, John. Liber Albus, 2514 — Robert, 1874 Carpentier, Pierre. Du Cange's Glos- sarium, 213 Carrow abbey, 1035 Cartse antiquas, [p. 364] — of 1 166, [p. 327] Carte, Thomas. Catalogue, 2117 Cartellieri, .Alexander. Heinrich II., 2809 Carter, A. T. Legal History, 648 Carthew, G. A., works by : Hundred of Launditch, 1027 Roll of Creak Abbey, 2533 Carthusians, 1079, 1721, [p- 385] Carucage, [p. 334], 2961 Case, Thomas. Annales, 1732 Casley, David. Catalogue, 254, 511 Castle Acre castle, 1029 ; priory, 1027, 1029 Castle Combe, 1149-50 Castles, 405, 414, 419 ; histoty of, 426, 819, 829 Alnwick, 1047 Auckland, 895 Castle Acre, 1029 Chepstow, 3027 Colchester, 903 Conway, 2663 Denbigh, 1137 Devizes, 1151 Dover, 976 Hadleigh, 2368 Harlech, 2666 Leeds, 977 Northumberland, 1043 Norwich, 1029, 1031 Porchester, 923 Rising, 1029 C astles^con tin ved Rochester, 2444 Wales, 2148 Windsor, 849 Castorius, 1275 Catalogues of books, [pp. 8-9], 274, 370, 422-3, 442-3 ; of MSS., 254-5, [§ 13], 2301-2, 2325, 2333, 2369, 2372, 2542, 2623, 2634, 2644, 2673, 2701, 2705 a, 2784 ; of seals, 268, 272 Cathcart, William. Churches, 1601 Cathedrals, 405, 430, 441, 487, 489, 499, 501, 613, [§ 23] Dominicans, 1029, 1850, [p. 385], 2202, 2237, 2779, 3096-9 Doncaster, 1179, 1187, 2717 Dooms, [§ 36] Dopping, Anthony, 2031 Dore abbey, 1686 Doren, Alfred. Untersuchungen, 822 — John. Princes of Wales, 325 Dorset, 416 bibliography, 71 Domesday, 1884, 1897 feet of fines, 2035, 2059 inquests post mortem, 2166, 2184 journals and societies, 129, 168 local history, 886-91 — records, 2324-7 pipe rolls, 1924 Douce, Francis. Arnold's Chronicle, 171 5 ; MSS. of, 529 Douet d'Arcq, Louis. Monstrelet's Chronique, 1818 Dove, P. E. Domesday Studies, 1573, 1885 a Dover, 976 Dowell, Stephen, works by : Sketch, 666 Taxation, 666 Dower, writs of, 2292 Dowling, Thady. Annals, 1689 Down, 2207 Doyle, J. L. Baronage, 317 Drake, Francis. Eboracum, 1172 - H. H. Hasted's Kent, 967 Drakelowe, 2302 Drapers, 1203, 2582 Drengage, 3050 Dress, [§ 11 c] Drinkwater, C H. , works by : Bailiffs' Accounts, 2577 Gild of Shrewsbury, 2582 Drogheda, 956, 2417 Drokensford, John de. Register, 2590 Dromore, 2207 Droysen, Gustav. Handatlas, 363 — J. G. Grundriss, 4 Druids, 1261, 1265, 1478 Dublin, city of: archbishops, 947, 2410, 2412, 2415, 2420 ; history and records, 959, 2411, 2416, 2417, [P- S37] All Hallows, 2421 Christ church, 2413 Holy Trinity, 2409 St. Mary's abbey, 2414 St. Patrick's, 952 St. Sepulchre, 2418 St. Thomas, 2419 Trinity college, [pp. 63, 537], 3184 — county of, 955 — kingdom of, 960 Du Bois, Albert, works by : Droit Criminel. 688 L'Eglise et I'Etat, 3079 Dubois, Louis. Vital's Histoire (Tr.), 1858 Du Cange, C. Dufresne. Glossarium, 202, 213 Ducarel, A. C, works by : Account of Croydon, 1097 Hospital of St. Katharine, 1006 Testamenta, 2777 Duchesne, Andr6. Scriptores, 578 — L. Nennius Retractatus, 1375 Duck, .\rthur. Vita Henrici Chichele, 3130 Duckett, G. F. , works by : Battle Abbey Roll, 314 Charters of Cluni, 2196 Charters of Swine, 2741 Harwood Evidences, 2722 Monasticon, 2196 Visitations, 2203-4 Index 571 Dudley, barons of, 3024 Dudo of St. Quentin, 578, 1805 Duel, 625, 697, 2046 Diimmler, Ernst, works by : Alchvin, 1624 Monumenta Alcuiniana, 1446 S. Bonifatii Epistote, [p. 216] Dugdale, William, works by : Baronage, 318 Copy of Summons, 2003 Monasticon, 613, 2197 a, 2309 Origines, 689 St. Paul's Cathedral, 1007 Warwickshire, 1138 Duke, Edward. Prolusiones, 3218 Duhvich, 2634, 2636 Du M(5ril, Ed^lestand. Tapisserie, 2139 Dun, battle of, 18 14 a Dunbrody, 2414 Duncan, L. L. Calendar of Wills, 2428 Duncombe, John, works by : Reculver, 969 Three Hospitals, 970 Duncumb, John. Collections, 928 Dunheved, 867 Dunkin, A. J., 1756 — John. Bicester, 1054 DunsEete, 1400 Dunstable, 594, 1821, 2275 Dunstan, [p. 211], 1499 ; lives of, [p. 218J, 1458 Dunster, 1075 a Dupont, L. M. E. , works by : Comines's M^moires, 1757 Revoke de Warwick, 1799 Waurin's Croniques, 1863 Durand, Ursin, works by :' Collectio, 588, 1756 Thesaurus, 587 Durham, city of: bishops, 892, i6i8, 2223 history, 1362, [p. 218], 1455, 1767 records, 2330-48 — county of, 1898 inquests post mortem, 2167 local history, 833, 892-7 — records, 2328-54, 2716 pipe rolls, 1921 plea rolls, 2042 societies, 130, 551 — Simeon of, 594, 1362-3, 1767 Du Roi Guillaume, 590 Dyer, George. Privileges of Cambridge, 2794 — T. F. T. Folk-lore, 1230 Dymond, Robert. St. Patrick, 877 Eaden, I. M. Boutmy's English Con- stitution, 2802 E^dmer, works by : De Vita S. Anselmi, 2225 Historia Novoruni, 594, 1768,2225 Miracles of St. Anselm, 586 Vita Oswaldi, 1465 Eadmer — co?itinued Vita S. Dunstani, [p. 218] — S. Odonis, 585 — Wilfridi, [p. 222] Eadwig, King, 1521 Earldoms, 3019, 3037, 3043. See Classes Earle, John, works by : Alfred the Great, 1520 Anglo-Saxon Literature, [pp. 210, 223] Beowulf (Tr. ), 1474 Gloucester Fragments, 1658 Land-charters, 1416 Saxon Chronicles, 1349 Earwaker, J. P. East Cheshire, 860 East Anglia, 170, 1363, 1368, 1747,^556;-^ 2868, 3097 Eastbourne, 1106 Easter tables, [p. 176] Easterby, William. Tithes, 774 Eata, bishop of Flexham, 1442 Ebchester, William. Obituary Roll, 2345 Ebert, Adolf. Literatur, 21, 1355 Ebrard, J. H. A., works by : Bonifatius, 1640 Missionkirche, 1602 Ecclesiology, 404 Eccleston, Thomas. De Adventu Fra- trum, 594, 2201 Echard, Jacques. Script ores, 2202 Eckenstein, Lina. Monasticism, 783 Eckerdt, Hermann. De Origine, 1299 Economic histor}', 92. [§§ 25, 72] Eddi, or Eddius. Vita Wilfridi, 1471 Eden, F. M. State of Poor, 1231 Edgar, King, [p. 196], 1400, 1427, 1436, 1465, 1499 Edinburgh, 1748 Edington Chartulary, 2689 Edith, St., 1459 Edmands, J. L. Irish Element, 942 Edmund, eai^l of Lancaster, 2842 — St., 594, 1460, 1530, 1701, 2628 Edmunds, Flavell. Names, 344 Education, [J; 71J Edward the Confessor, 2812, 2827 ; laws of, 1405, 1501 ; lives of, 590, 1378 Edward i., 367, 1107, 1944; chroniclers 256I 1666 ; history of, 3019', 3066, 3083 ; 2137, 2142, of reign of, 626, [§61], 2935 __ records of, [§§ 50-55]. 2151-2 — n., chroniclers of reign of, ^p. 256], 1666 ; history of, [§ 62] ; household ordinances, etc., of, 1941, 1945 ; records of, [§S 50-55] — ni., chroniclers of reign of, ,p. 256], 1796; history of, 2805, [§62], 3083; military affairs of, 2147 a, 2762 ; records of, [§§ 50-55] — IV., 1873, 2754; chroniclers of reign of, [p. 257], 1668 ; history of, [§ 63J ; records of, [§§ 50-55], 1941-2, i993 — v., 1819, 2101, [§ 63*/]. See Richard III. 572 Index Edward the Black Prince, 979, i734. 2654, 2656, 2846, 2854-5 — son of Henry VI., 1873 Edwards, Edward, works by : Liber de Hyda, 1373 Libraries, 463 Lives of Founders, 517 Memoirs of Libraries, 501 Egbert, archbishop of York, 1361, 1450- 51, 1642 ; works by : Penitential, 1427 Pontifical, 1423 ■ — J. C. Inscriptions, 398 Egil's Saga, 1386 Egli, J. J., works by: Namenkunde, 345 Nomina, 358 Egremont, 2300 Egvvin, bishop of Worcester, 1443, 2700 Eld, F. J. Lay Subsidy, 1978 Eleanor, countess of Leicester, 2769 — Queen, 2769 Elections, parliamentary, [§ 65] Elizabeth of York, 1942 Ellacombe, H. T. , works by : Account of Executors, 2314 Parish of Bitton, 910 Ellesmere, 2574-5 Ellis, A. S., works by : Landholders of Gloucestershire, 1899 ; of Yorkshire, 1914 Yorkshire Deeds, 2710 — H. J. Index, 516a — Henry, works by : Brand's Antiquities, 1227 Chronica S. Benedicti, 1736 Chronicle of Aberconway, 2664 Domesday Book, 1884 Dugdale's Monasticon, 613 — St. Paul's, 1007 Fabyan's Concordance, 1771 Hall's Chronicle, 1786 Hardyng's Chronicle, 1787 Introduction, 1886 Original Letters, 2107 Oxnead's Chronica, 1828 Regulations for the Tower, 2515 Vergil's English History (Tr.), 1854 Ellmer, W. Quellen, 1783 Elmer, prior of Canterbury. Epistolas, 2249 Elmhani, Thomas of, works by : Historia S. Augustini, 1364 Liber Metricus, 1769 Vita Henrici V. , 1769, 1789 Elphege, or ^Ifheah, St., [p. 218], 1461 Elslack, 2718 Elton, C. I., 1330 ; works by : Origins, 1247 Tenures, 723 — John. Corn-milling, 1205 Elvin, C. N. Heraldry, 282 Ely, Book of, 1372 ; history of, 853, 857 ; records of, 1891, 1893, 2286-7, [P- 537] Elze, Karl. Grundriss, 40 Emma, Queen, 1365, 1523 Enclosures, 1219, 3047-8 Encomium Emma?, 1365 Engel, Arthur. Traits, 373 — Jakob. Bemerkungen, 1776 English, H. S. Crowland, 999, 1371 Englishry, 2047 Ensham abbey, 1437 Enstone, 1057 Epidemics, 1228. See Black Death Epistolse. See Letters Equity, [§ 67] Erdmann, Axel. Die Angeln, 1506 Erhardt, Louis. Staatenbildung, 1329 Ernulf, bishop of Rochester, 2446 Erturi, Jean, 1699 Escheats, [p. 377], 2155 Essex, 1363 : Domesday, [p. 320], 1884, 1893 fines and pleas, 2045, 2060 journals and societies, 131-2, 170 local history, 898-903, 1714, 2870 — records, 2355-68, 2643 Ethel land, 1555 Ethelbert, King, 1463 Ethelred the Unready, 1465 Ethelwerd. Chronica, 594, 1366 Ethelwold, life of, 1462 ; works by, [pp. 211-12] Ethnology, [§ 27], 1269 Etienne, Eugene. ViedeSt.Thomas, 2231 Eton, 3196, 3204. [p. 537] Eubel, Conrad, works by : Bullarium, [p. 385] Hierarchia, 3080 Provinciale, [p. 385] Eucharist, 800 Eulogium Historiarum, 1770 Evans, A. I., 56 — J. G. , works by : Book of Lan Dav, 2674 Brut y Saesson, 1728 — y Tywysogion, 1728 Red Book of Hergest, 1374, 1728 Text of the Bruts, 1374, 1728 Welsh Texts, [p. 32] Ystorya Brenhined, 1374 — John, works by : Bronze Implements, 399 Coins, 386 Hertfordshire, [p. 48] Stone Implements, 400 — M. J. Loserth's Wiclif (Tr.), 3170 Evelyn, John. Charters, 251 1 Eversden, John of, 1866 Evesham, 613, 1157-8. 2475, 2700 ; battle of, 1695-6, 1868, [§ 61] ; monk of, 1797 Evidence, law of, 659, 704 Ewald, A. C, works by : Paper and Paichment, 464 Public Records, 464 Stories, 2881 — Paul. Gregorii Magni Registrum, 1463 Ewelme, 1061, [p. 537] Index 573 Ewing, W. C. Norfolk Lists, 1032 Exchequer, [§§ 12, 50, 66] Exeter, bishops of, 881-2, 2314-15 ; his- tory of, 823, 826, 877, 880, 882; records of, 2314-19 — Stephen of, 1685 Exmoor, 1077 Exon Domesday, 1884, 1895-6, 1912 Expenditure rolls, [§ 50 d] Extents, or surveys, [pp. 342, 401] Anglesey, 2657 Bangor, 2657 Banham, 2532 a Borley, 2363 Bradcar, 2532 a Burton, 2610 Cardiff, etc. , 2652 Carnarvon, 2657 Castle Combe, 1149 Clarendon, 2693 Denbigh, 2667 Dubhn, St. Sepulchre, 2418 Dudley, 3024 Durham, 2331 EUesmere, 2575 Gla-morgan, 2650, 2652 Gower, 2658 Hadleigh, 2631 Hatfield, 931 Hertford, 931 Jersey, 557 Kelshall, 931 Kilvey, 2658 Lancashire, 2461 Little Hadham, 931 London, St. Paul's, 2518 Mailing, 2648 Mallow, 2424 Manchester, 2471 Merioneth, 2651 Neath, 2652 Peterborough, 2556 Prestoll, 2657 Ramsey, 2399 Richmond, 2739 Roundhay, 1181 Stevenage, 931 Stratford, 2682 Sutton, 2527 Totteridge, 931 Welch Hampton, 2585 Wykes, 2532 a Eye, Tp. S37j — Simon de. Register, 1358 Eynesbury, 935 Eyre, Charles. St. Cuthbert, 1649 E)Te rolls, [§ 52] Eyton, B. W. , works by : Court of Henry IL, 281 1 Domesday Studies, 1909-10 Key to Domesday, 1897 Notes on Domesda)', 1887 Pipe Rolls, 1928 Shropshire, 1067 Staffordshire Chartulary, 2619 Faber, F. W. Wilfrid, 1660 — Richard. Agrarschutz, 3219 Fabre, Paul. Recherches, 775 Fabric rolls, 2736, 2746 Fabricius, J. A. Bibliotheca, 21 a Fabyan, Robert. Concordance, 1771 Facsimiles, [§ 6], 2509-10 Factory system, 1223^ Faider] Am^d^e. Droit de Chasse, 680 Fairbairn, James. Crests, 283 Fairholt, F. W. Costume, 447 Fairs, 856, 1218, 1225, 2393 Falkner, J. M. O-xfordshire, 835 Family, history of the, 1491, 1494, [§ 43] Family history, 866, [§ 69 d] — names, [§ 8 e] Fantosme, Jordan. Chronique, 594, 1772 Faricius. Vita Aldhelmi, 1443, 1447 Farley, Abraham. Domesday, 1884 Fame priory, 896 Farrer, William, works by : Chartulary of Cockersand, 2466 Court Rolls, 2464 Final Concords, 2067 Fastolf, Sir John, 1867, 2531, 2536 Fausset, Bryan. Inventorium, 401 Faversham, 975, 2436, [p. 537] Favre, Leopold. DuCange'sGlossarium, 202, 213 Feet of fines, 736, [§ 52], 2399, 2460, 2484, 2689, 2725 Felix. Vita S. Guthlaci, 1464 Fell, John, 579 Fellows, G. E. Towns, 1564 Felten, Joseph. Robert Grossteste, 3132 Fenland, 138 Fenn, John. Letters, 2531 Fenwick, G. L. Chester, 861 Feodarium, 2341 Feorm, 1587 Ferguson, J. F. , works by : Calendar, 1918 Exchequer, 2953 — R. S. , works by : Charters of Carlisle, 2307 Cumberland, [p. 48], 835, 868 Westmoreland, [p. 48], 835 Wills, 2308 — Robert, works by : Name-system, 337 « Northmen, 1524 Surnames, 337 — Samuel. Patrician Documents, 1467 Fergusson, James, works by : Architecture, 428 Monuments, 402 Fet Assavoir, 1879 Fetherston, J. List of Charters, 2686 Feud, 1494 Feudahsm, 638, 728, 1493, 1559. 1584, [§ 69 d] Fiacc, bishop of Sletty, [pp. 221-2] Fierville, Charles. Etienne de Rouen, 1838 574 Index Figgis, J. N. Divine Right, 667 Files, G. T. Anglo-Saxon House, 429 Final concords. See Feet of fines Finch, B. C. Princesses, 326 Finchale priory, 2349 Finchampstead, 847 Fine rolls, [§ 50^] Fines. See Feet of fines Finlason, W. F. , works by : Dignities, 3023 Reeves's English Law, 658 Tenures, 724 Firbisse, Dudley. Annals of Ireland (Tr.), 1710 Firth, J. F. Coopers' Company, 2508 Fischer, Otto. Bonifatius, 1641 Fisher, John. Masham, 1173 — Joseph. Landholding in England, 725 ; in Ireland, 726 — W. R. Forest of Essex, 900 Fisheries, 1198 Fishwick, Henry, works by : Lancashire, 835 — Library, 77 Rochdale, 985 Wills, 2449 Fitz-E3'lwin, Henry, 1773 Fitzhardinge, Lord, 2369 Fitzherbert, Anthony, works by : Graunde Abridgement, 2053 Novelle Natura Brevium, 2043 — William, 2222 Fitz-Neal, Richard, works by : Dialogus de Scaccario, 1915 Tricolumnis, 1831 Fitzralph, Richard, 2221 Fitzstephen, William, works by : Description of London, [p. 434] Life of Becket, 596, 2229 Fitz-Thedmar, Arnald. Cronica Ma- jorum, 594, 1773 Flach, Jacques. Les Origines, 1331 Flaherty, W. E. , works by : Annals, 41 Rebellion in Kent, 2861 Flanders, 1916, 2145, 2505, 3232 Flann Mainistreach. Synchronisms, 1367 Flaxley abbey, 2380 Fleet prison, 1872 Fleta, 1872 Fletcher, C. R. L. Collectanea, 2779 — W. G. D. , works by : Documents, 2484 Poll-tax, 1964 Subsidy Roll, 1958, 1965 Fleury, Abbo of. Life of King Edmund, 1460 Flint, 1136 Flintshire, 2056, 2162, 2293, 2295 Florence of Worcester, 594, 1866 Flores Historiarum, 594, 1774 Fcedera, [p. 365], 2097-9 Foliot, Gilbert. Epistolse, 2240 Folkestone, [p. 537] Folkland, [p. 234], 1547, 1555 Folk-lore, 94, 1230, 1236 Folk-moots, 692 Fontibus, Galfridus de, 1460 Fora, Roger de, 2605 Forbes, A. P. Haddan's Remains, 1592 Forbes-Leith, W. Life of St. Cuthbert (Tr.), 1456 Fordham, John, 2331 Fordun, John of. Scotichronicon, 1775 Fordwich, 981, [p. 537] Foreign accounts, [p. 342] Forester, Thomas, works by : Acts of Stephen (Tr.), 1781 Danes, 1537 Florence of Worcester's Chronicle (Tr.), 1866 Gerald de Barri's Conquest of Ire- land (Tr.), 1782 Huntingdon's Chronicle (Tr. ), 1801 King Alfred, 1537 Vital's History (Tr.), 1858 Forests, history of the, [§ 19] ; laws of the, 1408, 2022 ; perambula- tions and pleas of the, 684, 871, 1077. [P- 354]. 2036, 2052, 2078, 2085, 2381, 2602 Aliceholt, 684 Clarendon, 2693 Dartmoor, 879, 884 Dean, 684, 913, 1220, 2381 Exmoor, 1077 Essex, 900 Hatfield Regis, [p. 537] Kingswood, 909 Lancaster, 2022 New Forest, 684, 922, 927 Peak, 871, 874 Pickering, 2022, 2085 Rossendale, 990 Salcey, 684 Sherwood, 684, [p. 539] Somerset, 2602 Staffordshire, 2078 Sutton Coldfield, 1141 Whittlewood, 684 Fornmanna Sogur, 1383 Forshall, Josiah. Purvey's Remon- strances, 2258 Forster, F. Frobenius. Alcuini Opera, 1445 Forsyth, William. Trial by Jury, 690 Fortescue, G. K. Subject Index, 54 — J. W. British Army, 708 — Sir John. Works, 1873 — Thomas, Lord Clermont, 1873 Fortifications, 409. See Castles Fosbroke, T. D. , works by : City of Gloucester, 911 County of Gloucester, 905 Monasticism, 784 Foss, Edward, works by : Judges, 327 Tabulag Curiales, 2967 Index 575 Foster, F. H. Seminary Method, 5 — Joseph. Peerage, 319 — Michael. Report, 2916 Fountains abbey, 1177 «, 2723, [p. 537] Four Masters, 1712 Fournier, Paul. Collection Irlandaise, 1429 Fowke, F. R. Bayeux Tapestry, 2139 Fowler, J. T., works by : Account Rolls, 2340 Acts of Chapter, 2735 Adamnani Vita S. Columbas, 1454 Chartularium, 2549 Cistercian Statutes, 2197 Coucher Book, 2742 Life of St. Cuthbert, [p. 217] Memorials, 2736 Visions of St. Columba(Tr. ), 1454 Fox, F. F. Tailors of Bristol, 2379 — G. E. , works by : Silchester, 1280 Uriconium, 1296 — George. Pontefract, 1174 — Samuel. Monks, 785 Fox-Davies, A. C. , works by : Book of Arms, 284 Fairbaini's Crests, 283 Frampton, T. S. Wrotham, 971 France, chroniclers of, 1754, 1757, 177I1 1777, 1804, 1805 a, 1811-12, 1818, 1822, 1835 ; relations between England and, 29. 31. 337a, [p. 42]. 471. 575. 651. 680, 1330, 1867, 2112, 2114-25, 2140-41, 2762, 2797, 2802-3, 2829, 2837, 2840, 2890, 2898, 2997 Francis, G. G. , works by : Charters of Neath, 2677 — of Swansea, 2678 Surv^eys. 2658 Franciscans, 787, 917, 1059, 1740, 1755, 1827, [§ 56 a], 2628, [§ 70 b'\ Frankalmoign, 3085 Frankpledge, 694, 1494, [§ 45] Franqueville, comte de (A. C. E. Franquet). Systeme Judiciaire, 691 Fraternities. See Gilds Frederieq, Paul. Study of History, 6 Freeholders, 719 Freeman, E. A., 2827 ; works by : Becket, 3119-20 Cathedral Churches, 1072 English Towns, 823 Exeter, 826 Historic Towns, 826 Historical Essays, [p. 483], 2848, 2930, 31 19 Historical Geograph}', 346 Historical Study, 7 King Ine, 1508 Norman Conquest, 2812 Oxford Lectures, 1507 St. Davids, 1124 Wells Cathedral, 430, 1072 William the Conqueror, 2814 William Rufus, 2813 Freese, J. H. Moeller's Lehrbuch (Tr. ) , 752 French language, [§ 4 ^] — rolls, 2103, [§ 533] Friars, 917, 1037, [p. 253], 2221, [70^]. See Dominicans ; Franciscans Friedberg, Emil, works by: Corpus Juris, 614 Eheschliessung, 1545 Frith, Henry. Gautier's Chivalry (Tr.), 3010 Frithegode. Vita Wilfridi, [p. 222] Frobenius. Alcuini Opera, 1445 Froissart, Jean. Chroniques, 576, T777 Frost, Charles. Notices of Hull, 1175 Froude, J. A., works by : Short Studies, 8, 933, 3121, 3142 Spanish Story, 3103 — ■ R. H. Becket, 3122 Fry, E. A. , works by : Dorset Records, 2326 Inquisitions for Dorset, 2166 — for Somerset, 2185 Wills, 2378, 2705 — G. S. Dorset Records, 2326 Fryer, A. C, works by : Aidan, 1623 Cuthbert, 1650 Fuller, E. A. , works by : Cirencester, 912, 2382 Tallage, 1953 — M. J. , works by : Throne of Canterbury, 972 Title Deeds, 776 — Thomas, works by : Church History, 746 University of Cambridge, 3185 Fulman, William. Scriptores, 579 Furley, Robert. Weald of Kent, 966 Furneaux, Heniy, works by : Poems. 2779 Tacitus, 1315 Furness, Jocelin of. Life of St. Patrick, [p. 221] — abbe\', 594, 984, 1687, 2467 Furnivall, F. J., works by : Bray's Conquest of Ireland, 1725 Chaucer's Canterbury Tales, 2757 Life-records of Chaucer, 1941 Story of Manning, 1816 Wills, 2773 Fustel de Coulanges, N. D. , works by : Institutions, 1330 Questions, 1331 Recherches, 1330 Gage, John. Thingoe Hundred, 1092 Gaillard, G. H. Rivalit^, 2803 Gaimar, Geoffrey. L'PZstorie des Engles, 1778 Gairdner, James, works by : Bible Study, 3167 Chroniclers, 42 Historical Collections, 1669 576 Index Gairdner, James — continued House of Lords, 2933 Jack Cade, 2894 Lancaster and York, 2878 Letters of Richard IIL, 2104 Lollards, 3167 Paston Letters, 2531 Richard IIL, 2906-7 Studies, 2257, 3167 Three Chronicles, 1672 Gale, Peter. Inquir\% 957 — Roger. Registrum, 2739 — Thomas, works by : Antonini Iter, 1272 Scriptores XV., 581 Scriptores Quinque, 580 Galloway, R. S. Coal-mining, 12 14 Galway, 961, [p. 537] Gans, Eduard. Erbrecht, 1546 Gaol-delivery rolls, 2071 Gardiner, S. R. , works by : Atlas, 364 English History, 43 Garendon abbey, 996 Garnett, J. M. Battle of Maldon (Tr.), 1473 Garnier, R. M. , works by : Landed Interest, 728 Peasantry, 727 — de Pont Sainte Maxence, 2231 Garstang, John. Ribchester, 1281 Garter, order of, 3017 Gascoigne, Thomas. Dictionary, 2241 — William, 2886 Gascon rolls, [§ 53 b\ Gascony, 2117, 2123 Gaspey, Thomas, 3148 Gasquet, F. A., 3087 ; works by : English Bible, 786 Great Pestilence, 2850 Montalembert's Moines, 791 Scholarship, 3199 Gateshead, 2352 Gatfield, George. Guide, 297 Gaupp, E. T. Ansiedelungen, 1509 Gautier, L(6on. La Chevalerie, 3010 Gavelkind, 733-4, 738, 740 Gaveston, Piers, 2847, 2849 Gavet, G. Sources, 29 Gay, Victor. Glossaire, 403 Gazetteers, [§ 9^! Gebauer, G. C. Richard von Cornwall, 2832 Gee, Henry. Documents, 617 Geffroy, Auguste. Rome, 1317 Gehle, Hendrik. Disputatio, 1355 Geld inquests, [§ 50 a] Gemblours, Sigebert of, 1848 Genealogy, 148, [§ 8], 465, 820, 1351, 1368, 1375. [§S 55r 69 b'\ ; royal, 330, 585, 1368, 1375 Gennrich, Paul. Johann von Salisbury, 3153 Geoffrey, archbishop of York, 2242 — de Mandeville, 2828 Geoffrey of Monmouth. See Monmouth, Geoffrey of — ofVigeois, 1856 — ofVinsauf, 1803 Geography, [§ 9], 1263, [p. 161] George, H. B. , works by : Archers at Crecy, [p. 503] Battles, 709 Gerald de Barri, 594, 1782, 2242 Gerard, archbishop of York, 2222 Gerberon, Gabriel, works by : Eadmer's Historia, 1768 S. Anselmi Opera, 2226 Gerefa, 1399 Gering, H. Saga-Bibliothek, 1381 Germans, early, [§ 32] Germany, 28, 30, 33, 90, 337 «, 594, 762, 1217, 1219, [pp. 169-73], 1356, 1549, 1586, 2204, 2805, 2819, 3234 Gervase of Canterbiny, 594, 1730 — of Tilbur}', 594, 1847 Gesiths, 1416, 1550 Gesta Edwardi de Carnarvan, 1779 — Herwardi, 1780 — Regum, 1369 — Siwardi, 585 — Stephani, 594, 17S1 Gibbins, Henry de Beltgens. Industry, 1 197 Gibbons, Alfred, works by : Ely Records, 2287 Liber Antiquus, 2492 Lincoln Wills, 2490 Visitations, 2491 Gibson, C. B. Cork, 958 — Edmund, works by : Codex Juris, 615 Sy nodus, 760 — W. S. , works by : Medieval Writers, 44 Trials, 695 Tynemouth, 1045 Gidley, Lewis. Bede's History (Tr. ), 1355 Giffard, Godfrey, 2704, 2706 Gilbanks, G. E. Holm Cultram, 870 Gilbert, H. M. Bibliotheca, 73 — J. T. , works by : Annales Hiberniag, i588 Annals of Ireland, 1709 Case's Annales, 1732 Chartularies, 2414 Crede Mihi, 2415 Facsimiles, 261 Historic Documents, 2417 History of Dublin, 959 Records of Dublin, 2411 Records of Ireland, 457 Register of St. Thomas, 2419 Viceroys, 938 Gilchrist, J. P. Ordeals, 695 Gildas, 577, 581, 594, 1277, 1300, 1370, I375. 1443. 1516 Gilds and companies, bibliography of, 66 ; history of, [§ 24 a\ 1193, 1201, 1566 ; records of, 1422, 2214 Index 577 Gilds and companies — continued Berwick-upon-Tweed, 1046, 2561 Bristol, 2379 Cirencester, 912 Dublin, 2417 Knowle, 2685 Leicester, 2487 London, 1005, 1008-9, [P- 53^] Morton, 901 Norfolk, 2532 Preston, 983, 2477 Shrewsbury, 1068, 2582 Southampton, 2390 York, 2744, 2748 Giles, J. A., works by: Alan of Tewkesbury's Scripta, 2262 Ancient Britons, 1300 Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (Tr. ), 134c Asser (Tr. ), 1354 Baker's Chronicon, 1717 Bede, 1355, 1448 Brevis Relatio, 1726 Chronicles of White Rose, 1668 Chronicon Angliae, 1746 Chronicon Petriburgense, 1747 Devizes's Chronicle (Tr.), 1764 Ethelwerd (Tr.), 1366 Geoffrey of Monrnouth, 1374 Gildas (Tr. ), 1370 Life of Alfred, 1525 Malmesbury's History of Kings etc. (Tr.), 1815 Monkish Historians, 582 Nennius (Tr. ), 1375 Parish of Bampton, 1055 Paris's English History (Tr. ) Patres, 583 Revoke de Warwick, 1799 Scriptores, 1671 Vita Anglo-Saxonum, Wendover's Flowers (Tr.), 1864 Gilla Coemgin, works by : Irish Nennius, 1375 Poem, 1479 Ginnell, Laurence. Brehon Laws, 1394 Giraldus Cambrensis, 594 ; Opera, 1782, 2242 Giraud, F. F. Faversham Archives, etc. , 2436 Giry, Arthur. Manuel, 233 Gisburn, Walter of, 1788 Giuseppi, M. S. Alien Merchants, 3220 Glamorganshire, 1(32, 2081,2650,2652, 2655-6, 3022 Glanvill, Ranulfde. Tractatus, 1874 Glasney, 2297 Glasscock, J. L. Records, 2406 Glasson, Ernest. Histoire du Droit, 651 Glastonbury, [p. 537]; abbey, 441, 613, 787, 2602-6 — John of. Chronica, 2603 Glossaries, [§§ 4, 39 b\ 403, 432, 749 1830 1443 of History Gloucester, city of, history of, 106, 911 ; records of, 2383-5, [p. 537] ; St. Peter's, 2384 — Robert of. Chronicle, 594, 597, 1783 Gloucestershire, 1554, 1916 bibliography, 72 Domesday, 1884, 1899-1900 fines and pleas, 2061-2 feudal tenures, 216 1, 2168-70 journals and societies, 133-5 local history, 904-17, 2950 — records, 2369-86 subsidy rolls, etc., 1951-3 Glover, J. H. Kingsthorpiana, 2557 — John. Livre de Reis, 1813 — Stephen, 2309 — William. Ashton-under-Lyne, 986 Gloves, 1204 Glusburne, 2718 Glyn Cothi, Lewis, 2760 Gmelin, Julius. Templerorden, 3104 Gneist, Rudolf, works by, [p. 91], 639, 668, 301 1 Godefroy, Fr^d^ric. Dictionnaire, 203 Godfre}^ J. T. Priory of Lenton, 1050 a Godstone abbey, 1750 Godwin, Francis, works by : Catalogue, 803 De Pr^sulibus, 803 — G. N. Bibliotheca, 73 — Henry. Handbook, 405 — William. Life of Chaucer, 2757 Goldschmidt, S. Juden, 3061 Goldsmid, Edmund, works by : Chronicles of London (Tr.), 1763 Political Songs, 2755 Goldsmiths, 1211 Gomme, G. L. , works by : Folk-moots, 692 Gentleman's Magazine Library, 95. 347. 404 Index of Papers, 107 Local Institutions, 65 Origin of Lords' House, 2933 Village Community, 1558 Widowhood, 3007 Goodall, Walter. P'ordun's Chronica, 177s Goode, William. Church-rates, 777 Goodwin, C. W. Felix's Life of St. Guthlac, 1464 — Thomas. Henry V., 2882 — U. M. Pauli's Simon de Montfort (Tr.), 2839 Gorham, G. C. Eynesbury, 935 Gormanston, Viscount, MSS. of, [p. 537] Goscelin, monk of Glastonbury. Vita S. Edithoe, 1459 Gotland, 2145 Goudie, G. Orkneyinga Saga(Tr.), 1390 Goudy, Henry. Lecture, 3208 Gough, Henry, works by: liibliot'heca, 68 Glossary, 285 Scotland in 1298, 2151 P P 578 Index Gough, Richard, works by : Camden's Britannia (Tr. ), 343 Croyland Abbey, 999 History of Pleshy, 901 Goulburn, E. M. Life of Herbert de Losinga, 2250 Gould, S. Baring. Saints, 611 Gournay, house of, 3025 — Thomas de, 2852 Gower, 2658 — John, 2756, 2758 Grace, James. Annales, 1688 Gradwell, Robert. Succat, 1653 Grasse, J. G. T. Orbis Latinus, 359 Grafton, Richard, 1787 Graham, Rose. Letters of Ottoboni, 2255 Grain trade, 3219 Grand, E. D. , 29, 1840 Grandisson, John de. Register, 2315 Grant, James. British Battles, 710 Grauncorth, John, 2309 Grave-mounds, 407 Graves. See Tombs Graves, James. Roll of Council, 2009 Gravesend, 2437 — Richard de (bishop of London), 2314 (bishop of Lincoln), 2489 Gray, A. E. P. Battle Abbey Roll, 314 — Arthur. St. Radegund, 2290 — Thomas. Scalacronica, 1784 — Walter. Register, 2749 Graystanes, Robert de. Historia, 600, 2343 Grazebrook, George, works by : Earl Marshal's Court, 2968 Shenstone Charters, 2618 — H. S., works by : Barons of Dudley, 3024 Shenstone Charters, 2618 Great Charter, [§ 51 b'\ — Cressingham, 2534 — Grimsby, [p. 537] — Malvern, 1159, 2704 — Yarmouth. See Yarmouth Green, Emanuel, works by : Bath PoU-ta.x, etc. ,'1966 Bibliotheca, 81 Pedes Finium, 2076 — J. R. , works by : Conquest of England, 1526 English People, 632 Making of England, 1510 — Mrs. J. R., works'by : Henry II., 2815 Town Life, 3221 — M. A. E., 2768 ; Princesses, 328 — Valentine. City of Worcester, 1156 — W. C. Story of Egil (Tr. ), 1386 Greenstreet, James, works by : Assessments, 1955 Kent Fines, 2065 Kentish Wills, 2429 Kirkby's Inquest, 2171 Knights' Fees, 2172 Greenstreet, James — continued Lincolnshire Survey, 1904 Rolls of Arms, 286 Greenwell, William, works by: Barrows, 1248 Boldon Buke, 1898 Feodarium, 2341 Hatfield's Survey, 2331 Pontifical, 1423 Wills, 2348 Gregor, Francis. Fortescue's De Laudi- bus (Tr.), 1873 Gregory the Great. Registrum, 1463 — William. Chronicle, 1669, 1785 Gregson, Matthew. Portfolio, 2176 Grein, C. W. M. , works by : Bibliothek der Poesie, 1474 Sprachschatz, 191 Gresly family, 2302 Gressenhall, 1027 Gretham, 2354 Grev friars, 1059, 1740. See Franciscans Gribble, J. B. Barnstaple, 878 Griffin, Richard. Audley End, 902 Griffith, Edward. Records, 2400 Grim, Edward. Life of Becket, 2229 Grimaldi, Stacey, works by : Origines, 465 Rotuli de Dominabus, 2159 Grimsby, [p. 537] Grocers' company, London, 2510 Grocyn, William, 3131 Grose, Francis. English Army, 711 Gross, Charles, works by : Bibliography, 66 Coroners' Rolls, 2047 Exchequer of Jews, 2954, 3062 Gild Merchant, 814 Town Records, [p. 401] Grosseteste, Robert, lives of, 3132-7 ; works by : Epistolae, etc., 2221, 2243 Rules, 2801 Grosvenor, Robert, 2046 Grotefend, Hermann, works by : Chronologie, 219 Sphragistik, 271 Taschenbuch, 219 Grubitz, Ernst. Untersuchung, 1349 Grueber, H. A. , works by : Catalogue, 389 Handbook, 387 Gruhn, Albert. Kreuzzug, 2816 Guernsey, 206 a, 557 Guest, Edwin. Origines, 1263 — John. Rotherham, 1176 Giinther, Frnst. Englisches Leben, 2759 Giiterbock, Carl. Henricus de Bracton, 1870, 3209 Guignard, Ph. Monuments, [p. 385] Guigo, prior Carthusias. Statuta, [p. 385] Guildford, iioo Guilding, J. M. Reading Records, 2279 Guilhiermoz, P. Condamnations de Jean, 2833 Index 579 Guillaume le Mar^chal, 1794 Guillim, John. Heraldry, 287 Guisbrough, 2721 Guiton, Crescent, 21 18 Guizot, F. P. G. , works by : Guillaume le Breton (Tr.), 1835 Origines, 669 Rigord(Tr.), 1835 William of jumieges (Tr. ), 1805 — of Poitiers (Tr.), 1832 Gummere, F. B. Germanic Origins, 1332 Gundermann, J. I. Privatrecht, 652 Gunn, William. Nennius, 1375' Gunton, Simon. Church of Peter- borough, 1039 Gurney, Daniel. House of Gournay, 3025 — Hudson, 2538 ; Hall Books, 2548 -J. H., MSS. of, [p. 537] Guthlac, St. Felix's Vita S. Guthlaci, 1464 Guy of Amiens, 1678 Gwilt, Joseph. Encyclop3edia, [p. 51] Gwj'nedd, 1131 Haack, Otto. Zeugnisse, 1475 Habington, William. Edward IV., 2895 Hackett, Maria. Registrum, 2519 Haddan, A. W., works by : Councils, 616, 1424 Liber Landavensis, 2674 Remains, 1592 Hadenham, Edmund de. Historia, 2442 Hadleigh (Suffolk), 2631 — castle (Esse.x), 2368 Hadley, George. Kingston-upon-Hull, 1 177 Hadrian IV., 3087 Haenel, Gustav, works by : Catalogi, 502 Codex, [p. 161] Haerynck, H. Jan Boendaele, 1806 Haggson, K. A. Heimskringla, 1384 Hagley hall, 2701 Hahl, Albert. Ideen, 3222 Hahn, Heinrich, works by : Bonifaz, 1642 Continuatio Bedae, 1361 Haiber, J. B. Hurler's Innocent III. (Tr.), 3081 Haigh, D. H. Conquest of Britain, 1511 Haines, Herbert. Brasses, 405 a Hakluyt, Richard, 2800 Hakonar Saga, 1390 Hale, Matthew, works by : Common Law, 653 Historia Placitorum, 2969 Lords' House, 2931 Short Treatise, 2955 Treatise in Three Parts, 2956 — W. H. , works by : Account of Executors, 2314 Church-rate System, 778 Domesday of St. Paul's, 2518 Registrum, 2708 Haliday, Charles. Kingdom of Dublin, 960 Hall, Anthony, works by : Adam of Murimuth, 1822 Trevet's Annales, 1850 — Edward. Chronicle, 1786 — G. S. , works by : Bibliography of Education, [p. i] Methods, 12 — Hubert, works by : Antiquities of Exchequer, etc., 466, 2957 Charter of Liberties, 2018 Court Life, 2817 Crown Lands, 2917 Custody of Domesday, 1885 a Custom-revenue, 2958 Diplomatic Studies, [p. 29] Episode, 2896 King's Peace, 670 Pipe Rolls, 1920 Receipt Roll, 1934 Red Book, [p. 45], 1917 Staple, 3223 Testa de Nevill, 2161 — J. L. Beowulf (Tr.), 1474 — James. Book of Combermere, 2284 — Joseph. Minot's Poems, 2762 Hallam, Henry. Middle Ages, 640 Hallamshire, 1178 Halle, John, 3218 Halliwell, J. O., works by : Chronicle of Abingdon, 1741 Dictionary, 102 Letters of Kings, 2105 Nares's Glossary, 195 Rishanger's Chronicle, 1836 Warkworth's Chronicle, 1862 Halsted, C. A. Richard III., 2908 Halton, 2282 Hamburg, 1356, 2099 Hamilton, H. C. , works by : Hemingburgh's Chronicon, 1788 Newburgh's Historia, 1823 — N. E. S. A. , works by : Inquisitio Comitatus, 1893 Malmesbury's De Gestis Ponti- ficum, 1444 Hampshire : bibliography, 73 Domesday, [p. 320], 1884, 1901 journals and societies, 136, 554 local history, 835, 918-27 — records, 2387-98, 2643 taxation, 1954 Hampson, R. T. Kalendarium, 220 Hancock, W. N. Ancient Laws, 1394 Hannay, David. The Navy, 2991 Hanse, 2798-9, 3215, 3224, 3233 Hanssen, Georg. Abhandlungen, 1219, 1333 Hanyton, 2389 Harbledon, 970 Harbottle, T. B. De Baye's Industrial .'\rts(Tr.), 396 P P 2 58o Index Hardiman, James, works by : Galway, 961 Statute of Kilkenny, 2023 Hardwick, Charles (of Ely), works by : Elmham's Historia, 1364 Poem on Edward II., 2755 (of Preston). Preston, 987 Hardy, E. L. C. P. Wamin's Recueil, 1863 — T. D. , works by : Catalogue of Chancellors, 2970 Catalogue of Materials, 45 Description of Close Rolls, 2109 — of Patent Rolls, 21 10 Gaimar's L'Estorie, 1778 Itinerarium, 2834 Le Neve's Fasti, 807 Lord Langdale, 467 Malmesbury's De Gestis Regum, etc., 1815 On the Modus Tenendi, 2029-30 Preface to Monumenta, 537 Registrum Dunelmense, [p. 29], 2346 Report, 521, 2339 Rotuli Chartarum, 2108 — de Liberate, 1935 — de Oblatis, 1990 — LitterarumClausarum, 2109 — Normannias, 2125 — Patentium, 21 10 Syllabus of Fcedera, 2097 — W. J. , works by : IDocuments, 617 Calendar of Fines, 2069 Doncaster Records, 2717 Public Records, 468 Rolls House, 468 — William, works by : Charters of Lancaster, 2448 Waurin's Recueil, 1863 Hardyng, John. Chronicle, 1787 Harfleur, 1789, 2756 Hargrave, Francis, MSS. of, 508 ; works by: Coke upon Littleton, 1876 Tracts, 2956, 2986 Harland, John, works by : Charters of Clithero, 2463 Gregson's Portfolio, 2176 Mamecestre, 2471 Three Documents, 2180, 2461 Harlech, 2666 Harnham, John de, 1976 Harold II., 1379 a, 1538, 2364, 2812 — Fair-Hair, 1384, 1386 — Hardrede, 1383-4 Harris, M. D. Coventry, 1140 — Walter, works by : Writers of Ireland, 50 Ware's De Prsesulibus (Tr. ), 954 Harrison, Frederic. Alfred the Great, 1520 — Plantagenet. Domesday, | p. 320] — William. Lancashire, [p. 48] Harrod, H. D. Muniments, 2586 Harrod, Henry, works by : Coroners' Rolls, 2544 Court Rolls of Colchester, 2357 Documents of Yarmouth, 2547 Gleanings, 1029 Records of Colchester, 2358-9 Records of King's Lynn, 2548 Wills, 2545 Hart, Richard. Records, 6i8 — W. H. , works by : Calendar of Fines, 2057 Cartularium de Rameseia, 2399 Historia S. Petri, 2384 Records of Gravesend, 2437 Hartlepool, 897 Hartmann, L. M. Gregorii Magni Re- gistrum, 1463 Hartry, Malachy. Triumphalia, 948 Hartshorne, C. H., works by : Conway Castle, 2663 Itinerary of Edward I., 2835 — of Edward II., 2851 Northampton, 1040 Porchester Castle, 923 Hartwright, Henry. House of Lancaster, 2878 a Harwood, 2722 — Thomas. Lichfield, 1083 Hasbach, Wilhelm. Landarbeiter, 3047 Hassall, Arthur. Essays, 638 Hasse, F. R. Anselm von Canterbur)', 3109 Hasted, Edward, works by : Canterbury, 973 Kent, 967 Hastie, William. Sources of Law, 36 Hastings, 1108, 2146, [p. 537] ; battle of, 314, 1678, 2827, 2998-3000 — Sir Edward, 2046 Hatch, Edwin. Church Institutions, 1593 Hatcher, Henry. Richard of Cirences- ter's De Situ, 1277 Hatfield, 931 — Regis, [p. 537] — Thomas. Survey, 2331 Hatsell, John. Precedents, 2932 Haughmond abbey, 2576 Hautville, John de. Architrenius, 2751 Havelok the Dane, 1733 Haverfield, F. , works by : Additamenta, 1284 British Christianity, 1301 Quarterly Notes, 1282 Roman Britain, 367 Haverfordwest, 2653 Hawkins, Edward. Coins, 374 Hawsted, 1091 Hay, Alexander. Chichester, 1103 Haydn, Joseph. Dignities, 306 Haydon, F. S. Eulogium, 1770 Hayroun, Robert, 2150 Hazlitt, W. C, works by : Blount's Tenures, 720 Brand's Antiquities, 1227 Livery Companies, ioo8 Index 581 Heales, Alfred [C], works by : Church of Kingston, 1098 Records of Alerton, 2638 Tandridge Priory, 1099 Healey.C. E. H. C. Somerset Pleas, 2077 Healy, John, works by : Insula Sanctorum, 3200 Irish Church, 1603 Hearne, Thomas, works by, 584 Hedges, J. K. Wallingford, 844 Hedon, 11 64 Hefele, C. J. von. Conciliengeschichte, 761 Hegel, Karl. Stadte, 825 Heginbotham, Henry. Stockport, 862 Heimbucher, Max. Orden, [p 109] Heinsch, Joseph. Die Reiche, 1512 Heming. Chartulariuni, 1417 Hemingbrough, 1167 Hemingburgh, or Hemingford, Walter of. Chronicon, 594, 1788 Henderson, E. F., works by: Dialogue of Exchequer (Tr.), 1915 Verbrechen, 2971 — W. G. Liber Pontificalis, 2215 Henfrey, H. W. Guide, 375 Hengham, Ralph de. Summse, 1880 Hengwrt MSS. , [p. 537] Henley, W. E. Danett's History of Comines, 1757 — Walter of. Husbandry, 2801 Henley-on-Thames, 1053 Hennessy, George. Novum Repertorium, 1013 — W. M., works by: Annals of Loch C6, 171 1 Annals of Ulster, 1713 Chronicon Scotorum, 1752 Henry 1., charter and laws of, 1406, [p. 348], 2013, 2017 ; chroniclers of reign of [p. 255] ; history of, [§ 60"' ; records of, [§§50-55] — II., 2224, 3087; chroniclers of reign of, [p. 255], 1667 ; conflict of, with Becket, 2096, 2229,2261, 3124 ; history of, [§ 60] — III., chroniclers of reign of, [p. 256] ; history of, 626, [§ 61], 3084; letters of, 2113; records of, [§§ 50-55] — IV., chroniclers of reign of, [p. 257], 1743 ; history of, 2758, [§ 63] ; letters of, 21 12 ; records of, [§§ 50-55], — V. , chroniclers of reign of [p. 257], 1670, 1743 ; history of [§ 63] ; records of, [§ 50-55] — VI., chroniclers of reign of, [p. 257], 1746; history of, [§ 63]; letters of, 21 19; records of, [§§ 50-55] — VII., 1854, 2104, 2906, 2912, 3230, [P- 543] — VIII., 3230 — earl of Derby, 2766 — Lord Langdale, 467 — son of Henry 11., 1676 — of Blaneford, 1722 Henry of Huntingdon, 594, 1801 — of Silgrave, 1841 Henschel, G. A. L. Du Cange's Glos- sarium, 213 Henson, H. H., works by : English Constitution, 638 Letters, 2779 Heraldry, [S 7J, 297-301, 313, 2151 Herbert, William, works b}' : Inns of Court, 3201 Livery Companies, 1009 — of Bosham, 2229, 2235 — de Losinga, 2249-50 Herd, John. Historia, 1790 Hereford, city of, 929-30, 2213, 2404, 2494, [P- 537] Herefordshire, [p. 48], 1400 bibliography, 74 Domesday, 1884 local history, 928-30, 2950 — records, [§ 57 i] societies, 137 Heresy, 1233, 3148. ^t?^ Lollards Hereward, 1443, 1780 Hergenrdther, J. A. G. Concilien- geschichte, 761 Herman the Archdeacon. Miracles of St. Edmund, 1460 Hermann, Emil, works by : Schoffengericht, 1575 Standegliederung, 1547 Heme, 969 H6ron, Alexandre. CEuvres de Blondel, 1723 Heron, James. Celtic Church, 949 Herrison, John, 1673 Herrtage, S. J. H, Cathohcon, 189 Hertford, borough of, 931, [p. 537] Hertfordshire, [p. 48] Domesday, 1884, 1893 journals, 154 local history, 931-4 — records, [§ 57 ^] 2869 Hertzberg, Wilhelm. The Libell, 2800 Hervey, Thomas. Colmer, 92.1. Howard, 1443, 1780 Hessels, J. H. Glossary, 1482 Heusler, Andreas. Die Gewere, 2975 Hewitson, Anthony. Preston, 988 Hewitt, John. Ancient .\rmour, 448 Hewlett, H. G. Wendover's Flores, 1864 Hexham, 833, 1618, 2559 — John of Historia, 594, 1791 — Richard of, 594 ; works by : Church of He.xham, 2559 Historia Stephani, 1792 Heyne, Moritz. Beowulf, 1474 Heywood, James, works by: Ancient Laws, 2789 Cambridge Statutes, 2792 — Samuel. Dissertation, 1548 — Thomas, 2621 Hibbert, F. A. Gilds, 106S Hibbcrt-Ware, Samuel. Church oi Man- chester, 989 i^2 Index Hide;, 14$^ Tf3g>. 1.554 fTi^jhanm Fenisars, [p. 537] raHflefiaramii, B. E. Mjnit, jSS — RjcfttBind.. RecM, 1334 IE!, T^-.-rg iiaiBtg Dmess, 449 — . T. Monsassic^ffla, j®7 '-Z.Z ir., jl. H., wonks of: um^
', 941 Kaufmann, Georg. Geschichte, 1335 Keane, A. H. Gneist's Parliament (Tr.), 668 Keary, C. F. , works by : Catalogue, 389 Henfrey's Guide, 374 Vikings, 1528 Kelham, Robert, works by : Britton's Pleas (Tr. ), 1871 Dictionary, 204 Domesday, 1888 Laws of Conqueror, 1407 Selden's Dissertation (Tr. ), 1872 Kellawe, Richard de. Register, 2346 Kells, 2423 Kelly, Matthew, 1782 Kelshall, 931 Kemble, J. M., works by: Code.x, 1419 Names, 338 Sa.xons, 1492 Stammtafel, 1368 Kemeys, 2668-9 Kendal, [p. 537J Kenfig, 2670 Kennedy, H. M. Ten Brink's Litera- ture (tr.), 35 Kennett, WTiite, works by : Buck's Richard III., 2904 Habington's Edward IV., 2895 More's Richard III., 1819 Parochial Antiquities, 1058 S)'nods, 765 Kennfaela the Learned, 1394 Kenny, C. S. On Primogeniture, 3008 Kenrick, John. Papers, 1180 Kent, 1312, 1363, 1368, ;p. 196!, 1519, 1955 antiquities, [p. 48], 401, 1292 bibliography, 76 Domesda)^ 1884, 1902 feet of fines, 2065-6 journals and societies, 144-5, 558 local history, 816, 966-81, 1714, 2861, 2892, 2925 — • records, 2426-47, 2643 tenures, 723, 733-4, 740, 2171-3 — C. W. Antiquities, 1476 Kenyon, R. L., works by : Gold Coins, 378 Hawkins's Silver Coins, 374 Kerly, D. M. Chancery, 2974 Kerry, Charles, works by : Calendar of Fines, 2057 Church of Reading, 846 Gleanings, 2058 Hundred of Bray, 845 Peak Forest, 874 Register of Mercers, 2744 Survey of Peverel, 2163 Keswick (Norfolk), 2538, [p. 537] Kettering, 2553 Keutgen, Friedrich. Hanse, 3224 Kidderminster, 11 Kidwelly, 2671 Kildare, 140 Kilkenny, 141 Killen, W. D. Ecclesiastical History, 950 Kilvey Kinard, J 1433 Kindt, A. R. Griinde, 2818 King, A. J. Records of Bath — C. C. Berkshire, 835 — H. W. Wills, 2355 Kingdon, J. A. MS. Archives, 2510 King's council. See Pri\'j' council King's Lynn. See Lynn Regis King's peace, 670-71, 674, 1567 King's Repton, 2408 Kingsford, C. L. , works by: Poems, 2751 Song of Lewes, 2755 Kingsthorpe, 2557 Kingston-upon-Hull, 827, 1175. 1177, 1209 ■-30 2023, [p. 537] Ecclesiastical 2658 Wulfstan's Homilies, 2595 Index 587 Kingston-upon-Thames, 1098, 2635, [P-538] ^ . ^ Kingswood abbey, [p. 538] ; forest, 909 Kirby, T. F., works by : Annals, 3202 Wykeham's Register, 2398 Kirk, T. F. Charles the Bold. 2898 — R. E. G. , w orks by : Accounts of Abingdon, 2267 Essex Fines, 2060 Kirkby, John de, [p. 378] Kirkby's Quest, [p. 378], 2157 Kirkpatrick, John. Religious Orders, 103 1 Kirkstall abbey, 2724-7 Kitchin, G. W., works by : Catalogues, 533 Compotus Rolls, 1437, 2394 Consuetudinaiy, 2395 Manor of Manydown, 2389 St. Giles Fair, 2393 Winchester, 826 Kitson, F. R. Charters, 2724 Klemm, Theodor. Investiturstreit, 3110 Klerk, Jan de. Rymkronyk, 1806 Knaresborough, 2730 Kneller, K. A. Richard Lowenherz, 2819 Knight sen'ice, 739, 2827, 2952 Knightage, 319 Knighthood, 1229, [5? 69 b] Knighton, Henry. Chronicon, 1807 Knights' fees, 996, 1891, [§55], 2399, 2484. 2552 Knights hospitallers, or knights of St. John, 980, 1127, 2195, 2199 — templars. See Templars Knowle, 2685 Knowles, Rev. Canon. Charters (Tr.), 2300 Knytlinga Saga, 1387 Koch, Hugo. Richard von Cornwall, 2836 Kohler, G. Kriegswesen, 712 Korting, Gustav, works by : Beitrag, 1832 Grundriss, [p. 468] Roman de Rou, 1805, 1859 Kolderup-Rosenvinge, J. L. A. Versio Antiqua, 1403 Kovalevsky, M. M. , 3054; Istoriya, 694 Krautwald, Heinrich. Layamon's Brut, 1809 Kriehn, George, works by : F'opular Uprisings, 2864 Rising in 1450, 2899 Kuhlmann, I3ernhard. i3onifatius, 1644 Kunstmann, Friedrich. Ponitential- biicher, 1425 Kuntze, Karl, works by : Hanseakten, 2798 Urkundenbuch, 2799 Kupferschmidt, Max. Winchester- Annalen, 1349 K\'mry. See Wales K)neler, Alice, 2244 Labarte, Jules. Arts Industriels, 408 Labbe, Philippe. Vigeois's Chronica, 1856 La Borderie, Arthur de, works by : Etudes, 1370, 1375 La Date de Gildas, 1370 Les Bretons, 1515 Labouring classes, 1200, 1231, [§ 69 c] Lackford hundred, 1972-3 Lacock abbey, 1146 La Curne de Saint- Palaye, J. B. Dictionnaire, 205 Lacy, Edmund, 2215, 2317 — Henr)' de, 2462, 2667 Lacy Inquisition, 2180, 2461 Laenland, 1416 Laeti, 1547 Laforet, J. B. Histoire d'Alcuin, 1625 Lahmen, 1568 Laing, David. Wj'ntoun's Chronicle, 1869 — Henry. Catalogue, 272 — Samuel. Heimskringla (Tr. ), 1384 Lake-dwellings, 1253 Lamb, John, 3189 Lambard, William. Archaionomia, [P- 197] Lambert, J. M. Gild Life, 827 Lambeth library, 487, 489, 501, [P- 64], 518-21, 2777, [p. 338] — wills, 2777 Lamond, Elizabeth. Walter of Henley, 2801 Lancashire : antiquities, [p. 48], 1294 bibliography, 77 Domesday, [p. 320], 1884 feet of fines, 2067 inquests post mortem, 2174-80 journals and societies, 146-8, 552, 559 local history, 835, 982-95, 2022, 2943 — records, 2448-80, 2716 subsidy rolls, 1956-7 Lancaster : church, 2472 duchy, 982, 1994, 2042, 2448-62, 2733 house, 367, 1745, 1786, 1807, 1862, 1873. [§63] town, 833 Land laws. See Tenures of land Land- books, [p. 204] Landewi, 2658 Lanercost, 1749 Lanfranc, lives of, 1768, 3138-40 ; opera, 591, 2245 ; statutes of, 793, 2245 Langdale, John. Documents, 2435 Langebek, Jacob. Scriptores, 585 Langland, William, 2759 588 Index Langlois, C. V. , works by : Archives, 471 Introduction, 10 Manuel, 23 Philippe III., 2837 Langtoft, Peter. Chronicle, 590, 594, 1808 Langton, manor of, 2500 — John. Reports, 2502 — Stephen, 3 141 — William. Inquisitions, 2174 Lanigan, John. Ecclesiastical History, 951 Lansdowne Feodary, 2178 Lappenberg, J. M. , works by : Adam of Bremen's Gesta, 1356 Geschichte von England, 633 Lapsley, G. T. , works by : Account Roll, 2330 Palatine of Durham, 893 Larking, L. B. , works by : Custumal, 2642 Domesday of Kent, 1902 Fabric Roll, 2444 Hospitallers, 2199 Pedes Finium, 2066 Rent Roll, 2426 Lascelles, Rowley. Liber Munerum, 2024, 2129 Latham, R. G., works by : Ethnology, 1250 Germania, 1320 Lathbury, Thomas, works by : Collier's History, 744 Convocation, 766 Lau, Thaddsus. ^Iagna Charta, 2015 Laugharne, 2653 Laughlin, J. L. Legal Procedure, 1491 Launceston, 867, [p. 538] Launditch, 1027 Laurence, P. ^I. Primogeniture, 3008 Laurentius Dunelmensis. Dialogi, 2334 Laveleye, Emile de. De la Propri6t6, 1336 Law, history of, 36, 48, 96, 98, 550, 641, [§ 17 c]. 683, [.!;§ 20, 22], 774, 1118, 1234, 1426, 1494-8, 1501, 1504. [§§45, 49, 52J, 2804, 2808, 2824, 2959 a, [§§67, 69 a]. See Canon law Law, Alice. Nouveaux-riches, 3225 Lawford hall, 902 a Lawrence, P. H. Court Rolls, 2637 Laws, [s§ 36, 51 fj Laws, Edward. Little England, 1134 Law-writers, [§ 49] Lawyers, 1233 Layamon. Brut, 1809 Lea, H. C. , works by : Celibacy, 804 Confession, 805 Superstition, 695 — J. W. Bishops' Oath, 806 Leach, A. F. , works by : Memorials of Beverley, 2719 Beverley Town Documents, 2720 Leach, A. F. — continued Visitations, 2573 Winchester College, 3203 Yorkshire Schools, 2711 Leadam, I. S., 3054; works by: Bondage, 3049 Copyholders, 3049 Glanvill's Tractatus, 1874 Inquisition of 1517, 3048 Mirror of Justices, 1875 Leadman, A. D. H. Proelia, 2993 Leathes, S. M. Grace Book A, 2793 Le Beau, Jean. Chronique, i8io Le Bel, Jean. Chroniques, 181 1 Lechler, G. V. , works by : Grosseteste, 3133 Wiclif, 3168 Leconfield, Lord, MSS. of, [p. 538] Lecoy de la Marche, Albert. Sceaux, 273 Lederede, Richard, 2212 Lee, F. G. , works by : Church of Thame, 1058 a Glossary, 749 — Sidney. Dictionary of Biography, 39. 305 ! Leechdoms, 1485 I Leeds (York), 2711 — castle (Kent), 977 Leet, 1579, 2408, 2543, 2546, 2764, 2981 Le Fevre, Jean. Chronique, 1812 Legal history. See Law — procedure. See Justice and police Legat, William. Register, 2346 Leges, [pp. 197-8], 1404-7 Legg, J. W. Inventor}', 2525 Legge, A. O. Richard III. , 2910 Legislation, 1201, [§36], 1594, [§§51, 65] Lehmann, Karl. Abhandlungen, 1587 Leibnitz, G. G. Tilbury's Otia Imperialia, 1847 Leicester, borough of, 996-7, 2482, 2485, 2487. [P- 538] — earl of, MSS. of, [p. 538] Leicestershire : Domesday, etc , 1884, 1903 journals and societies, 149-50 local history, 816, 996-7 — records, 2481-7 subsidy roll, 1958 Leighton, Stanley. Records of Oswestry, 2583 Leinster, 1705, 1842 — duke of, MSS. of, [p. 538] Leist, Friedrich. Urkundenlehre, 235 Leitzmann, J. J. Bibliotheca, 369 Leix, 1353 Le Laboureur, Jean. Histoire de Charles VI. (Tr.), 1754 Leland, John, 52 Le Neve, John. Fasti, 807 Lenihan, Maurice. Limerick, 962 Lenton priory, 1050 a Lenz, Ala.x. Konig Sigismund, 2883 Index 589 Leo, Heinrich. Rectitudines, 349, 1401 Leonard, G. H. Jews, 3066 Le Provost, Augusta. Vital's Historia, 1858 Le Roulx, J. Delaville. Cartulaire, 2195 Le Roux de Lincy, A. J. V. Wace's Brut, 1859 Le Strange, Hamon. Norfolk Lists, 1032 L'Estrange, John, works by : Calendar, 2541 Norfolk Wills, 2545 Letter-books, 1357, 2219, 2346, 2504, 2513 Letters, historical, 629, 1357, [§ 38^1, 1765. [§§ 53. 56 cl, p. 403], 2277, 2310, 2317. 2504-S, 2531, 2571, 2713, [§ 58 b\ 2779-80 Leveque, Louis. St. Augustine, 1637 Lewes, 1105, 1975, 2645, 2648; battle of, 1868, 2755, [§ 61] ; Song of, 2755 Lewin, Thomas. Invasion of Britain, 1304 Lewis, David. Notes, 2677 — F. B. Surrey Fines, 2080 — Hubert. Ancient Laws, 641, 11 13 — John, works by : Life of Pecock, 3149 Wicliffe, 3169 — Percival. Forests, 681 — Samuel. Dictionary, 360-62 Le\vis Glyn Cothi, 2760 Le3'bourne-Popham, F. W. , MSS. of, LP- 536] L'Huillier, A. St. Thomas, 3123 Libell of Enghshe Policye, 2800 Liber de Hyda, 1373 — Eliensis, 1372 — Feodorum. See Testa de Nevill — Landavensis, 2674 — jMunerum, 2024, 2129 — Niger Alani, 2412 — Winton, 1901 Liberate rolls, [§ 50 ttiiwoode &> Co, PrtKten, New-street Square, London. H Classifieb Catalooue OF WORKS IN GENERAL LITERATURE PUBLISHED BY LONGMANS, GREEN, & CO. 39 PATERNOSTER ROW, LONDON, E.G. 91 AND 93 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK, and 32 HORNBY ROAD, BOMBAY. CONTENTS. BADMINTON LIBRARY (THE). - BIOGRAPHY, PERSONAL ME- MOIRS, &c. - - - - - CHILDREN'S BOOKS CLASSICAL LITERATURE, TRANS- LATIONS, ETC. . . . - COOKERY, DOMESTIC MANAGE- MENT, &c. EVOLUTION, ANTHROPOLOGY. &c. FICTION, HUMOUR, &c. - FUR, FEATHER AND FIN SERIES HISTORY, POLITICS, POLITY, POLITICAL MEMOIRS, &c. - LANGUAGE, HISTORY AND SCIENCE OF MANUALS OF CATHOLIC PHIL- OSOPHY ----.. PAGE PAGE- 10 : MENTAL, MORAL, AND POLITICAL I PHILOSOPHY 14. 7 I MISCELLANEOUS AND CRITICAL WORKS 29 MISCELLANEOUS THEOLOGICAL WORKS POETRY AND THE DRAMA - POLITICAL ECONOMY AND ECO- NOMICS POPULAR SCIENCE - - - - 21 j SILVER LIBRARY (THE) 12 SPORT AND PASTIME - TRAVEL AND ADVENTURE, THE 3 COLONIES, &c. - ... 8 VETERINARY MEDICINE, &c. - 10 16 WORKS OF REFERENCE- - - 25 16 ^3 18 28 17 32 19 16 24 26 10 INDEX OF AUTHORS AND EDITORS. Abbott (Evelyn) (T. K.) - - (E. A.) - Acland (A. H. D.) - Acton (Eliza) - Adeane (j. H.)- iEschylus Ainger (A. C.) - Albemarle (Earl of) - Allen (Grant) - Amos (S.) Ansiey (F.) Aristophanes - Aristotle - - - Armstrong (G. F. Savage) (E.J. Savage) 7, Arnold (Sir Edwin) - (Dr. T.) - Ashbourne (Lord) - Ashby (H.) Ashley (W.J.) - Atkinson (C. T.) .\vebury (Lordi Ayre (Rev. J.) - Bacon Baden-Powell (B. Bagehot (W.) - Bagwell (R.) - Bain (.Alexander) Baker (Sir S. VV.) Page 3,18 14 14 3 28 7 iS 12 II 24 3 21 18 14, 18 19 19,29 8,19 3 3 28 17 3 17 25 7. 14 ' 3 17.29 3 14 8, 10 Page Balfour (.A. J.) - 11, 32 (Lady Betty) - 5 [ Ball (John) - - 8^ Baring-Gould (Rev. S.)27,29 Barraud (C. W.) - 19 Baynes (T. S.) - - 29 Beaconsfield (Earl of) 21 Beaufort (Duke of) - u Becker (W. A.) - 18 Beddard (F. E.) - 24 Beeslv (A. H.) - - 7 Bell (Mrs. Hugh) - ig Bent (J. Theodore) - 8 Besant (Sir Walter)- 3 Bickerdyke (J.) - 11, 13 Bicknell (A. C.) - « Bin (A.) - - - 21 Blackburne (J. H.) - 13 ] Bland (Mrs. Hubert) 20 Boase (Rev. C. W.)- 4! Boedder (Rev. B.) - 16 [ Buevey(A. W. Crawley-) 7 Bosanquet (B.) - 14 Boyd (Rev. A. K. H.) 29, 32 Brassey (Lady) - 9 (Lord) 3, 9, 12, 17 Brav (C.) - - • 14 Bright (Rev. J. F.) - 3 ! Broadfoot (Major W.) 11 Browning (H. Ellen) g | Buck(H. A.) - - 12 Buckland (Jas.) - 25 | Page 3 28 28 Buckle (H. T.)- Buckton (C. M.) Bull (T.) - Burke (U. R.) - - 3 Burrows (Montagu) 4 Butler (E. A.) - - 24 (Samuel) - 18,20,29 Calder (J.) - - 30 Cameron of Lochiel 12 CampbelKRev. Lewis) 18,32 Camperdown (Earl of) 7 Cawthorne(Geo. Jas.) 13 Channing (F. A.) - 17 Chesney (Sir G.) - 3 'Chola' - - - 21 Cholmondeley-Pennell (H.) - - - II ! ChurchilUW. Spencer) 3, 21 [ Cicero - - - i8 Clarke (Rev. R. F.) - 16 Climenson(EmilyJ.) 8 Clodd (Edward) - 17 Clutterbuck (W. J.)- 9 Coleridge (S. T.) - 19 Comparetti (D.) - 30 Conington (John) - 18 Conway (Sir W. M ) 11 Conybeare(Rev.W. J.) & Howson (Dean) 27 Coolidge (W. A. B.) 8 Corbett (Julian S.) - 3 Corder (Annie) Coutts (W.) - Coventry (A.) - Cox (Harding) Crake (Rev. A. D.) - Creiehton (Bishop) - Crozier (J. B.) - Curzon of Kedleston (Lord) - distance (Col. H. - Cutts (Rev. E. L.) - Dallinger (F. W.) - Davidson (W. L.) 15, Davies (J. F.) - Dent (C. T.) - Deploige (S.) - De Salis (Mrs.) De Tocqueville (A.) - Devas (C. S.) - Dickinson (G. L.) - (W. H.) - - Diderot . - . Dougall (L.) - Dowden (E.) - Doyle (A. Conan) Du Bois (W. E. B.) - Dufferin (Marquis of) Dunbar (Mary F.) - Page 19 18 II II =5 3.4 7. 14 4 12 4 4 16.32 18 II 17 28 4 17 4 30 21 21 31 21 4 12 20 Eardley-Wilmot (Capt. S.) - - - INDEX OF Pag,e Ebrington (Viscount) 12 Ellis (J. H.) - - 13 (R. L.) - - 14 Evans (Sir John) - 30 Farrar (Dean) - - 16, 21 Fitzwygram (Sir F.) 10 Folkard (H. C.) - 13 Ford (H.) - - - 13 (W. j.) - - 13 Fowler (Edith H.) - 21 Foxcroft (H. C.) - 7 Francis (Francis) - 13 Francis (M. E.) - 21 Freeman (Edward A.) 4 Freshfield (D. W.) - 11 Frothingham (A. L.) 30 Froude (James A.) 4, 7, 9, 21 Furneaux (W.) - 24 Gardiner (Samuel R.) 4 Gathorne-Hardy (Hon. A. E.) - - 12 Gibbons (J. S.) - 12 Gibson (Hon. H.) - 13 (C. H.) - - 14 (Hon. W.) - 32 Gleig (Rev. G. R.) - 8 Goethe - - - 19 Gore-Booth (Eva) - 19 (SirH.W.) - II Graham (P. A.) - 12, 13 (G. F.) - - 16 Granby (Marquis of) 12 Grant (Sir A.) - - 14 Graves (R. P.) - - 7 Green (T. Hill) - 15 Greene (E. B.)- - 4 Greville (C. C. F.) - 4 Grose (T. H.) - - 14 Gross (C.) - - 4 Grove (F. C.) - - 11 (Mrs. Lilly) - 11 Gurdon (Lady Camilla) 21 Gurnhill (J.) - - 15 . - 29 Wallas (Graham) - 8 Walpole (Sir Spencer) 6 Walrond (Col. H.) - 10 Walsingham (Lord)- 12 Walter (J.) - - 8 Ward (Mrs. W.) - 23 Warwick (Countess of) 31 Watson (A. E. T.) 10,11,12 Webb (Mr. and Mrs. Sidney) - - 17 (T. E.) - - 16, 19 Weber (A.) - - 16 Weir (Capt. R.) - 11 Weyman (Stanley) - 23 Whately (Archbishop) 14, 16 (E. Jane) - - 16 White (W. Hale) - 20, 31 Whitelaw (R.) - - 18 Wilcocks (J. C.) Wilkins (G.) - Willard (A. R.) Williamson (W.) - Willich (C. M.) Witham (T. M.) Wood (Rev. J. G.) - Wood-Martin (W. G.) Wordsworth (William) Wright (C. D.) Wylie (J. H. • Youatt (W Zeller (E.) b- 14 18 31 32 25 12 25 6 20 17 6 10 16 24 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY Los Angeles This book is DUE on the last date stamped below. — MCD ID. lAY 241970 mi 2 6 1956 DEC 1 t95F FEB 7 1957 rr , I -, r ^^4^m. LOAN DES C iiWlfeLEflJISSOESK •M. . - 1361' 819I10|11!I2I1I'^''^ I -3 r -I LOAN DESK ^ T 1 '-- P.M. 1 r ' D t pr .M. ^' 1^^ DEC 2 1365 t^TERLIBRARY LpJNS FOUR WEEKS FRO«» Um»u Lr 4 NON-RENEWABLE ; uc> Form L9-50)/t-7,'54(59^0)444 &s Sr DECre ^J piVI IRC -r--- AA nnn 492 905 5 / A PLEA5P DO NOT REMOVE '^3 THIS BOOK CARDb ^lUBRARY^/- ^ 1 ir^ ^ ^(f/OJIIVDJO^ o > m m X N J University Research Library ■ss Si •o -1 c^ :zj > c •H X o It mm wmmm\mmmmm P rliJiiiiW' ' 1 it > m^ liiP