s 
 
 1830 
 J4£5 
 1829 
 
 bookofjmsher: with 
 teshmonies and notes
 
 The Library 
 University of California, Los Angeles 
 
 The gift of Mrs. Cummiiig^^^^
 
 THE 
 
 BOOK 
 
 ov 
 
 JASHER: 
 
 WITH 
 
 TESTIMONIES AND NOTES, 
 
 CRITICAL AND HISTORICAL, EXPLANATORY OF THE TEXT. 
 
 TO WHICH IS PREFIXED, 
 
 VARIOUS READINGS, 
 
 AND 
 
 A PRELIMINARY DISSERTATION, 
 
 PROVING THE AUTHENTICITY OF THE WORK. 
 
 Translated into English from the Hebrew, 
 
 By FLACCUS ALBINUS ALCUINUS, of BRITAIN, 
 
 ABBOT OF CANTERBURY, 
 who went a Pilgrimage into the Holy Land, and Persia, where he discovered this volume, in the city of Gazna. 
 
 
 " Is not this written in the Book of Jasher"?" Joshua x. 13. 
 " Behold, it is written in the Book of Jasher." 2 Sam. i. 18. 
 
 BRISTOL: 
 
 PRINTED FOR THE EDITOR, BY PHILIP ROSE, 20, BROADME\D- 
 
 SOLD BY LONGxMAN, LONDON; RICHARDSON, BRISTOL; AND BY \LI 
 
 OTHER BOOKSELLERS. 
 
 MDCCCXXIX. 
 Entered at Stationers^ Hall. 
 
 ■J
 
 >^ 
 
 
 ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 THE following translation of " The Book of Jasher," was discovered by a 
 gentleman in a journey through the North of England, in 1721. It lay by him for 
 several years, until, in 1750, there was a rumour of a new translation of the Bible, 
 when he laid it before a noble Earl. On perusal, he highly approved of it, as a 
 work of great sincerity, plainness, and truth. His lordship's opinion was, that 
 it should have been placed in the Bible, before the Book of Joshua. 
 
 He further adds, " By a writing on the outside of the manuscript, it should seem 
 that this translation was laid before our first reformers, because it says : ' I have 
 read the Book of Jasher twice over; and I much approve of it, as a piece of great 
 antiquity and curiosity ; but I cannot assert, that it should be made a part of the 
 Canon of Scripture. Signed, WICKLIFFE.' " 
 
 Since 1751, the manuscript has been preserved with great care, by a gentleman 
 who lived to a very advanced age, and died some time since. On the event of his 
 death, a friend to whom he had presented it, gave it to the present Editor, who, 
 conceiving that so valuable a piece of antiquity should not be lost to men of 
 literature, and biblical students, has committed it to the press, not doubting but 
 that the attention of the learned will be attracted to so singular a volume. 
 
 The Editor cannot assert any thing from his own knowledge, beyond Alcuin's 
 account, but that carries with it such an air of probability and truth, that he does 
 not doubt its authenticity. Some account of this volume may be found in Alcuin's 
 works, published in one volume, fol. in the year 1600, in Paris. He died in 804. 
 Should any gentleman possess a transcript, or copy of it, the Editor will be greatly 
 obliged by any communication made to him, through the medium of the Printer. 
 
 1318616
 
 PRELIMINARY DISSERTATION 
 
 ON TDE 
 
 ANTIQUITY AXD AUTHENTICITY 
 
 THE BOOK OF JASHEH. 
 
 WHEN u work of this nature is brought before the pubhc, it is highly expe- 
 dient to adduce evidence of its authenticity'^ which must resolve itself into the 
 external and historical, and then, the internal proofs of its originality. 
 
 As to the former of these, it is evident, that such a book existed in the days 
 of Joshua, and that it also continued to be referred to in the time of the Royal 
 Psalmist, David. It appears to have been preserved by the Judges, first, and 
 afterward, by the kings of Judah, until the period of the Babylonish Captivity ; 
 after which event, it is not referred to, either by the Prophets, or by the Chro- 
 nologists of the Jewish nation ; a full proof that it was not brought back to Judea. 
 It must then, of course, have been possessed by the kings of Persia, in which country 
 it was found by Alcuin, who was the honour of our own country, and the great 
 ornament of the Court of Charlemagne. This great prince, it appears, engaged his 
 attendance on his person, and received instruction in the sciences from him. He 
 also was present with him at the Council of Frankfort ; and, as a reward of his 
 distinguished merit, endowed him with three rich abbies. When he left his court 
 and returned to England, he was further promoted to be Abbot of Canterbury. 
 Alcuin founded the University of Paris, in 800. 
 
 The account of his pilgrimage to the Holy Land, and to Persia, is given by 
 himself. His object in remaining at Gazna, for three years, was his obtaining 
 this single piece of antiquity, which cost him in wedges of gold, at least £500, 
 which, at this distance of time, would have amounted to four times that sum. He 
 describes the roll on which it was written in large Hebrew characters of the 
 earliest form, as being two feet nine inches wide, and nine feet in length, and, 
 according to his relation, preserved in the original ark of gopher wood, adorned 
 with Mosaic work, though in a state of decay, from the injuries of time.
 
 Nothing can be produced to invalidate this authentic statement, and, consequently, 
 it merits our credence. It could not be brought forward by him, to answer any 
 end of a secular nature, as it appears he never made it public, beyond the circle 
 of his friends, and when grown old, he left it, with his other manuscripts, to a 
 friend, a priest in Yorkshire. Its preservation from one hand to another, for so 
 many centuries, is easily accounted for, both from its intrinsic merit, and its 
 extraordinary character. 
 
 Its having been known to our first reformers, is evident from the testimony of 
 that illustrious leader, VVickliflfe. Its falling afterward into neglect, might have 
 been caused from the very few learned men who Hved in the following dark ages 
 of Popish ignorance; when Httle was known, even by the priesthood, beyond 
 their missals, litanies, and breviaries. 
 
 The manner of its being brought to light, about a century since, was quite 
 accidental ; but then being laid before a distinguished nobleman, who appears to 
 have been high in office, on the most important occasion, that of a new 
 translation of the sacred Scriptures, when he dehvered his judgment of it, as a 
 work of great sincerity, plainness, and truth, and whose opinion of it was, that 
 the book of Jasher ought to have been printed in the Bible before the book 
 of Joshua. 
 
 From that time, it appears to have been preserved only for its antiquity and 
 curiosity, till it fell into the present Editor's possession, who, on perusing it, 
 saw sufficient reason for its publication, especially as it supplies a chasm in the 
 history of the Judges, from the death of Joshua, including the elders who out- 
 lived him, and judged Israel. These are Caleb, who judged Israel twelve years; 
 Jasher, who succeeded him, and Othniel, who saved Israel from Chushan Rish- 
 athaim ; and then the events are recorded in regular succession of the suc- 
 ceeding Judges. 
 
 One of the most remarkable circumstances is, that this book is not more fre- 
 quently referred to, but that I account for on this principle, that it was not 
 regarded as an inspired work, as the books of Moses were. It makes no claim 
 of that nature, Jasher declaring that he received his information from Caleb, his 
 father, and Hezron, his grandfather, and from Azuba, his mother. This applies 
 to the events which occurred before his own times. He afterwards records facts, 
 as they arose, and states them with the simplicity and force of truth. They
 
 VI 
 
 agree, in general, with the statements in the books of Moses, and where they 
 diller, it appears that he rehites one series of facts, which are not narrated by 
 Moses, although likely to have occurred at the same time. But it is remarkable, 
 that Jasher does not ascribe the causes which gave birth to the events narrated 
 by him, nor does he introduce his commands with the authority of a lawgiver, 
 or proclaim them, as Moses did, with " Thus saith the Lord." 
 
 As a book of record, it appears to have truth without mixture of error, for its 
 peculiar object and design. IJis name, Jasher, or the Upright, seems to stamp 
 all his words and actions, and his counsels and laws are dictated by love to his 
 countrymen, zeal for the honour of God, and a regard to the welfare of his 
 people and nation, and their posterity, for whom he prays with ardour and 
 affection to the time of his death, 
 
 I come now to the internal evidence, which verifies the authenticity of this 
 work, and proves it the very genuine production of Jasuek. He begins with 
 the creation of the world, and, in a manner similar to Moses, relates the first 
 production of this system. There is a perfect accordance in his account of the 
 formation of light, which he says, shone forth from the firmament and en- 
 lightened the abyss; and the abyss fled before the face of the light, and divided 
 between the light and the darkness; so that the face of nature was formed a 
 second time. Then he proceeds to relate the formation of the sun and moon, 
 which he says appeared in the firmament, the one to rule the light, and the other 
 to rule the darkness. His account of the creation of man is truly sublime, and 
 determines a point of the highest importance, the immortality of the soul. The 
 question has long been agitated as to the sense in which the image of God, in 
 which man was made, consisted. Here is a testimony of infinite value in the 
 solution of this point, and worthy of being recorded in every language under the 
 face of the iicavens. It answers all the learned arguments of Doctor Warburton, 
 in his divine legation of Moses, proving the great doctrine of the immortality of 
 the soul, and a future state of rewards and punishments, to have been the undoubted 
 judgment of the first patriarchs. The grandeur of this passage exceeds all the 
 strains of human description, "And when all these things were fulfilled, behold 
 Jehovah appeared in Eden, and created man. and made him to be an image of 
 his own eternity." This passage ))roves that the first ages were fully convinced 
 that man is formed for eternity, capable of immortality, and ordained for a never- 
 ending existence, and, consequently, an heir of everlasting happiness or misery.
 
 Vll 
 
 This doctrine established, all the offices of religion, morality, and humanity 
 flow from it. Man must be an accountable being, and ordained by his glorious 
 Creator to live for ever. 
 
 It is to be observed, that the fall of man, the promise of the woman's seed, and 
 the early predictions of a deliverer, are not mentioned by Jasher ; nor does he at 
 all allude to any of the predictions in the books of Moses, excepting those of his 
 song, in which the future fates of the tribes are predicted. Shall we determine 
 this to have arisen from his knowledge, that these subjects were designed to be 
 revealed by the Hebrew lawgiver, or from his ignorance of them ? It appears 
 to me, that his book is simply a work of record, and not of revelation or pre- 
 diction, and that the divine mysteries were appointed to be made known by one 
 greater than Jasher, his master and teacher.
 
 The words of Alcuin, which are to be read before 
 
 The Book of Jasher. 
 
 J ♦ Alcuin, of Britain, was minded to travel into the Holy Land, and into the pro- 
 vince of Persia, in search of holy things, and to see the wonders of the east. And I 
 took unto me two companions, who learned with me, under able teachers and masters, 
 all those languages which the people of the east speak ; namely, Thomas of Malms- 
 bury, and John of Huntingdon: and though we went as pilgrims, yet we took with 
 us, silver, and gold, and riches. And when we came unto Bristol, we went into a 
 ship bound for Rome, where we tarried six months, and learned more perfectly the 
 old Persic language. Here the Pope blessed us, and said, Be of resolution, for the 
 work ye have undertaken is of the Lord. From Rome we went to Naples, and 
 tarried there three days, and from thence to Salermo, and from thence to Palermo. 
 We went through Sicily, and took Melita in our way, where we abode six days. 
 Hence we sailed for the Morea, visited Athens, Thessalonia, Constantinople, Phi- 
 ladelphia, Pergamus, Smyrna, Ephesus, Antioch, Coloss, Cappadocia, Alexandria, 
 Damascus, Samaria, Bethel, and Jerusalem. Here we stayed six weeks, and the 
 patriarch John received us kindly. And after having visited every part of the Holy 
 Land, particularly Bethlehem, Hebron, Mount Sinai, and the like, we crossed an 
 arm of the Persic Gulph at Bassora, and went in a boat to Bagdad, and from thence 
 by land to Ardevil, and so to Casbin. Here we learnt from an Ascetic, that at the 
 furthermost part of Persia, in the city of Gazna, was a manuscript, wrote in He- 
 brew, of The Book of Jasher. He stimulated us to this undertaking, by observing, 
 that The Book of Jasher was twice mentioned in the Holy Bible, and twice appealed 
 to as a book of Testimony, and that it was extant before the writings which are 
 now stiled. The Books of Moses. We immediately undertook the journey, going by 
 the way of Ispahan, where we tarried three weeks ; at length we arrived at Gazna. 
 Here we laid aside the pilgrims' dress, and I hired a house, where we dwelt during 
 our stay in this city, which was about three years. 
 
 I soon became acquainted with the keeper of the library which belongs to the 
 community of this city, and enquired of him concerning The Book of Jasher, which 
 the recluse at Casbin had told us of. He said, he had read of such a manuscript in 
 the catalogue of the library, but had never seen it, though he had been custos for 
 
 * Alcuin lived in the eighth century. See Biography of Alcuinus Flaccus.
 
 The Words of ALCUIX. ix 
 
 forty-five years, but that it was locked up in a chest, and kept among the pieces of 
 antiquities in a separate part of the library. As I lived nigh the custos, so I soon 
 became familiar in his family ; wherefore one day I took the opportunity to tell the 
 custos, that I was very much obliged to him for the civilities he had shewn me, and 
 particularly for the free access he had given me to the library ; at the same time I 
 made him a present of a wedge of gold, in value fifty pounds, which he readily 
 accepted. The next time I went to the library, I begged the favour I might see 
 The Book of Jasher. He then immediately turned to the catalogue, where it was 
 written, ITie Volume of Jasher. He conducted me into a long room, where he 
 shewed me the chest it was in. He now informed me, that the key was in the 
 hands of the city-treasurer, and that, upon proper application, I might see the 
 volume. The custos introduced me to the treasurer, and related to him the sub- 
 stance of my request. He smiled, and said, he was not then at leisure, but he 
 ffould consider of it. The next morning I sent John of Huntingdon to the treasurer 
 with a wedge of gold of the value of one hundred pounds, by way of a present. By 
 John, he sent me word, that he would meet me at the library about the ninth hour. 
 The time being come, the treasurer, the custos, and I, met at the library, when 
 the treasurer having unlocked the chest, shewed me the book, which he called. The 
 Volume of Jasher. And then he locked the chest, and gave the key to the custos, 
 telling him, that it was permitted that I might read in the volume, as often as I 
 would, in the pre.<;ence of the custos, and in the library. 
 
 The Book of Jasher is a great scroll, in width, two feet three inches, and in 
 length about nine feet. It is written in large characters, and exceeding beautiful. 
 The paper on which it is written is for thickness the eighth of an inch. To the touch 
 it seemed as soft as velvet, and to the eye as white as snow. 
 
 The ark is of Mosaic work, finely and curiously wrought, but time and accidents 
 have very much defaced the external ornaments of it. 
 
 After this I had free access to The Book of Jasher. The first thing which com- 
 manded my attention was a little scroll, intitled. The story of the Volrme of Ja- 
 sher. This informed me, that Jasher was born in Goshen, in the land of Egypt, 
 that he was the son of the mighty Caleb, who was general of the Hebrews, whilst 
 Moses was with Jethro in Midian ; that on the embassy to Pharaoh, Jasher was ap- 
 pointed virger to Moses and Aaron, to bear the rod before them ; that as he always 
 accompanied Moses, Jasher must have the greatest opportunities, of knowing the 
 facts he hath recorded ; that from his great attachment to truth and uprightness, he 
 early received his name, "la"; that it was a common saying in Israel ot him. Behold 
 the upright man ; that Jasher wrote the volume which bears his name ; that the ark 
 was made in his life-time ; that he put the volume therein with his own hands ; that 
 Jazer, the eldest son of Jasher, kept it during his life ; that the princes of Judah 
 successively were custoes thereof ; that the ark and book in the last Babylonish Cap- 
 tivity was taken from the Jews, and so fell into the hands of the Persian monarchs ; 
 and that the city of Gazna had been the place of its residence for some hundred 
 years. 
 
 b
 
 X The Words of ALCUIN. 
 
 This excited in ine a great desire of reading the volume itself. The work was divided 
 into thirty-seven parts or portions. One of these portions I read at this time, and 
 so two every day until I had read the whole through. The custos then informed me, 
 that there were in the two side boxes of the chest, certain notes or remarks, which 
 some of the ancients had made on several passages contained in The Book of Janher. 
 These also I read. 
 
 I had now conceived a great desire of returning to England, with a transcript of 
 The Book of Jai<her, and of the Notes. Hereupon, I and my companions petitioned 
 the commonalty of the city, that we might have the liberty of taking a transcript 
 thereof. Here we were opposed by the treasurer, and our petition was rejected. 
 Some months after this, it camo into my mind, that we would petition to have 
 leave to make an l<]nglish translation of the said Book and Notes. Accordingly, 
 one morning, having drawn up the petition, I sent John of Huntingdon with it, 
 and a wedge of gold to the treasurer, with a letter desiring his opinion of it. After 
 some days, I received for answer, that he had considered of my request, and would 
 shortly relate the affair to the recorder of the city, and take his opinion thereon. 
 Upon this, I despatched Thomas of ]\Ialmsbury with a wedge of gold, as a present 
 to the recorder, together with a copy of the petition I had sent the treasurer. A 
 few days after this, I received directions from the recorder, to attend the next 
 court, and then our petition was granted. The order of court ran thus : " We grant 
 unto Alcuin, and his two assistants, full liberty and power of translating out of the 
 original Hebrew, The Volume of Jas/ier, with the Notes appertaining thereto, now 
 contained in a chest in the public library of Gazna, into English, and into no other 
 language whatever. And we likewise order, that the said Englisii translation be 
 made in the library, and in the presence of the custos at such times of tlie day as 
 shall be most, convenient to the said custos." 
 
 We soon began the translation in this manner: The manuscript was laid on a 
 table, round which the custos and we sat. The custos opened the volume, and we 
 read the first part or portion, and were permitted to set it down in the original ; 
 from whence we made each a translation, and then the custos burnt the part we 
 had so transcribed. And this was the manner in which we proceeded, but the 
 custos would not suffer us to carry home any of our papers. 
 
 In fine, after the labour of near a year and six months, v/e completed the trans- 
 lation of the Book and Notes, to which translation this is prefixed. The treasurer 
 and custos burnt all other papers wrote by either of us, and took from us the trans- 
 lation we had made. 
 
 In this dilemma we remained for some time, till, by a proper application, and by 
 petitioning the court a second time, after having been solemnly sworn, that v.'e had 
 taken no other copy, nor were possessed of any other papers, besides that trans- 
 lation of The Volatne of Jasher, then before the court, the translation was delivered 
 to us, with a charge, that we should not let any person take a copy thereof in any 
 place we passed through in our return to England ; which we solemnly promised ; 
 and then we were dismissed, with proper credentials for our return through Persia.
 
 \ 
 
 The Wokds of ALCUIN. ' xi 
 
 We now re-assuined the pilgrims' dress, and after a stay of almost three years, 
 left Gazna, and came to Ispahan, from thence to Casbin, and so back to Rome. 
 Here we stayed some time, and I had an audience of the Pope, when I related to 
 his Holiness, that I had seen The Book of Jasher, spoken of in Joshua, and in the 
 \ Second Book of Samuel. The holy father, who was now ninety-five years of age, 
 /turned to the places I referred to, and then cried out, / have lived to the days of 
 forgetfulness. 
 
 After a short stay at Rome, we sailed for England, and landed at Bristol, after 
 we had been absent iseven years.
 
 VARIOUS READINGS 
 
 Chap. i. vcr. 1. IN the head of time. 
 
 6. the one that did rule the 
 light, the other that did 
 rule whilst it was dark. 
 
 19. and who made the harp and 
 
 the organ. 
 
 20. in his time men began, &c. 
 
 Chap, ii- ver. 2. and who ventured to tra- 
 vel, &c. 
 
 12. and why should we abolish 
 
 the customs, &c. 
 
 Chap. iii. ver. 2. ha%'e deviated from their 
 paths. 
 10. were at variance. 
 
 13. shall inherit alter me. 
 20. Out of thee shall come forth 
 
 a great nation. 
 
 26. a great dearth of grain in 
 
 that land. 
 
 27. was advanced in Egypt. 
 
 Chap. V. ver. 8. that opened the womb. 
 
 Chap. vi. ver. 7- neither will we bow down 
 
 to Pharaoh one day more. 
 
 9. for he had been gone out 
 
 of the land, &c. 
 17. seemed as strangers to 
 
 Moses. 
 22. behold our deliverance is 
 in him. 
 
 Chap. vii. ver. 8. 1 never before heard of the 
 sayings of your fathers. 
 
 Chap. viii. ver. 13. that I am a messenger to 
 vou. 
 19. had left off to be so. 
 
 Chap. ix. ver. 16. And the people were sorely 
 vexed. 
 
 Chap. X. ver. 8. The Jacobites '3i?V' are not 
 able to fly from us. 
 
 Chap. X. ver. 1 1. 
 
 12. 
 
 29. 
 Chap. xi. ver. 3. 
 
 Chap. xii. ver. 18. 
 
 21. 
 
 Chap. xiv. V. 2. 
 3. 
 
 5. 
 
 26. 
 32. 
 
 Chap. xvi. ver. 4. 
 
 Chap. xvii. v. 2. 
 20. 
 
 Chap, xviii. v. 7- 
 
 Chap. xxi. ver. 2. 
 
 3. 
 
 wherefore hast thou thus/ 
 deceitfully undertaken ti 
 lead us out of Egypt. 
 
 unto the enemies of circum- 
 cision. 
 
 between two straits. 
 
 And the sun and the moon 
 gave their light whilst 
 these things were done. 
 
 Seeing ye will not be able 
 to find food for them in 
 the desert. 
 
 and when we shall depart 
 from hence we know not. 
 
 whom Moses had caused 
 
 to return, 
 and they pitched their tents 
 
 at the foot of mount 
 
 Horeb. 
 this, my daughter Zipporah, 
 
 thou iiast taken to be thy 
 
 wife, 
 and his name shall stink, 
 shall find useful. 
 
 even according to the plan 
 Jetliro had laid down. 
 
 wise men to hear and speak 
 for you. 
 
 his s])irit was moved with- 
 in him. 
 
 But Aaron stood aghast. 
 
 Is not good for the com- 
 monweal of Israel. 
 
 Labour, industry, and pains- 
 taking, will they be alien 
 to. 
 
 Are not all the tribes of Is- 
 rael sanctified ?
 
 VARIOUS READINGS. 
 
 Chap. .\xi. V. 7- 
 10. 
 14. 
 
 Chap. xxii. v. 4. 
 
 Chap, xxiii. v. 24. 
 
 Chap. xxiv. v. 4. 
 
 6. 
 
 12. 
 
 Chap. xxvi. v. I/- 
 
 Chap.xxvii. V. 12. 
 14. 
 15. 
 
 20. 
 
 the words of e*»il you now 
 
 speak. 
 Depart trom Korah, and 
 
 those tliat are with him. 
 and they fled every one to 
 
 his dwelling. 
 
 were familiar with the sons 
 of Israel. 
 
 the thoughts of the evil one 
 against this people. 
 
 to bring a description of 
 
 the land, 
 their dwellings shall you 
 
 number. 
 Caleb hath the truth in him. 
 
 I'hat Judah may be many 
 in number. 
 
 in whom dwelt discernment. 
 
 Be not angry, () King. 
 
 Whom thou dost not wor- 
 ship, is on their side. 
 
 It is tlie advice of one 
 who has discovered our 
 nakedness. 
 
 Chap, xxviii. v. 10. And the bridge. 
 
 19. and it became separated to 
 
 holy uses. 
 25. put an end to the designs of 
 Achan. 
 
 Chap, xxxii. v. 4. 
 
 Chap. xxix. v. 2. 
 Chap. XXX. V. 11. 
 
 let no man escape alive. 
 
 Sun, rest tliou on Gibeon, 
 and shine thou, moon, on 
 the valley of Ajalon. 
 
 10. 
 
 Chap, xxxiii. V. 8. 
 
 9. 
 11. 
 
 Cut off the flesh of thy fore- 
 skin, then shalt thou beget 
 a son. 
 
 Take sharp knives. 
 
 after he cometh out of the 
 womb. 
 
 and let (hem ask of them 
 
 the rccison for their so 
 
 doing, 
 and behold they were well 
 
 pleasing to the eye. 
 Wherefore have ye built this 
 
 tabernacle and this altar? 
 
 Surely to defy Joshua and 
 
 the elders of Israel, 
 turned away the anger of 
 
 Phinehas, &c. 
 
 were too strong for them. 
 
 Who can command the 
 Reubenites, the Gadites, 
 and all the people of 
 Israel, to go up to the 
 war. 
 
 Who shall be judge in Israel ? 
 then should we be able to 
 drive out the nations. 
 
 It seemetl) well unto me, 
 that ye gather vourselves 
 together'at Bethel, that 1, 
 and the elders of Israel, 
 may make an agreement 
 with you. 
 
 Chap, xxxvii. v. 16. And there was a great want 
 of grain in Canaan. 
 17- seated Joseph on his right 
 hand. 
 
 Chap, xxxiv. v.". 
 10. 
 
 Chap. XXXV. 
 
 v. 2. 
 18. 
 
 Chap, xxxvi. v. 5.
 
 c 
 
 tc
 
 The formation of the world, 
 
 and creation of man. 
 
 1 THE BOOK OF 
 
 J A S H E R . 
 
 I i/rf. The Up- 
 right. 
 
 CHAP. I. 
 
 I The formalion of the world. 3 
 (he liglU shineth. 7 ^^'^ earth is 
 productive. 11 the creation of 
 man. 13 the birth of Cain and 
 Abel. 17 of Enoch. 23 the 
 death of Adam. 
 
 1 WHILST it was the -be- 
 ginning, darkness over- 
 spread the face of "'nature. 
 
 2 And the ''ether moved up- 
 on the surface of the ''chaos. 
 
 3 And it came to pass, that 
 a great iight shone forth from 
 the firmament, and enlighten- 
 ed the "^abyss. 
 
 4 And the abyss fled before 
 the face of the light, and di- 
 vided between the light and 
 the darkness. 
 
 6 So that the face of nature 
 was formed a second time. 
 
 6 And behold there appear- 
 ed in the firmament two great 
 lights : the one to rule the 
 light, and the other to rule 
 the darkness. 
 cHei.theearth, 1 And the ^ground brought 
 
 «r, nature. J 
 
 A.M. 
 1. 
 
 •ffei. the prime 
 
 •i/ef . the desert 
 
 'Heb. the atoms 
 'lleb. confused 
 masii of matter. 
 
 "Hfi.the flarae, 
 or, burning. 
 
 'Hei. the bot- 
 tomless pit. 
 
 forth grass : the herb yielding 
 seed, and the fruit-tree after 
 his kind. 
 
 8 And every beast after his 
 kind : and every thing that 
 creepeth, after their kind. 
 
 9 And the waters brought 
 forth the moving creatures, af- 
 ter their kind. 
 
 10 And the ether brought 
 forth every winged fowl, after 
 his kind. 
 
 11 ^ And when all these 
 things were ''fulfilled, behold 
 'Jehovah appeared in ''Eden, 
 and created man, and made 
 him to be an 'image of his own 
 eternity. 
 
 12 And to him was given 
 power and ""lordship over all 
 living creatures, and over eve- 
 ry herb, and over every tree 
 of the field. 
 
 13 And it came to pass, in 
 process of time, that the man 
 begat "Cain : and he also be- 
 gat his brother "Abel. 
 
 14 And Cain was the first 
 man who tilled the ground : 
 
 B 
 
 A. M. 
 
 1. 
 
 ^Heb. finished. 
 nieb. I am that 
 I am. 
 
 ''//c*. delighted 
 'i/ei. likenese. 
 
 "Ileb. rule. 
 
 °Hdi. the po»> 
 
 sessed. 
 
 "//ei. the feeder
 
 The death of Adam ; 
 
 J ASH ER. 
 
 and of Noah' 
 
 A. M. 
 61. 
 
 rllrb. percjp-i- 
 natiun. 
 
 '//fi. the civi- 
 lized. 
 
 ■Ihb. the 
 incanspirited. 
 'Heb. the ex- 
 ]>erienced. 
 
 ' lleb. the eniu- 
 
 'llcb. all kinds 
 i>f music. 
 ' llcb. the re- 
 gular. 
 
 r lleb. the des- 
 pondent. 
 
 • Ihb. the (lesh. 
 
 i)30. 
 
 1056. 
 
 • W«A. the soil 
 of death. 
 Ilei. rest. 
 
 15 And Abel was a i'eeder 
 of sheep. 
 
 16 And Cain went out and 
 dwelt on the east of Eden, in 
 the land of i-Nod. 
 
 17 And Cain begat lEnoch : 
 then did men begin to build 
 cities. 
 
 18 And unto 'Lamech was 
 born " Jabal : he was the 
 first who taught men to build 
 tents. 
 
 19 And unto Lamech also 
 was bom 'Tubal-Cain: he was 
 the first who wrought in brass 
 and iron, and who builded up 
 the "harp and the organ. 
 
 20 And " Seth begat 
 ^ Enos : then began men 
 by name to call on the 
 Lord. 
 
 21 And all the days of the 
 life of^'Adam, there was rest, 
 and peace, and quiet, unto all 
 men. 
 
 22 For they listened unto 
 all things, concerning which 
 he spake unto them. 
 
 23 And Adam lived nine 
 hundred and thirty years, and 
 he died. 
 
 CHAP. II. 
 
 1 T/ie birth of Noah. 2 he fimt 
 hiiildelh the ship. 4 all the people 
 speak one language. 8 Noah 
 dies. 10 Peleg is born. 11 he 
 divideth the land. 13 Ninwod 
 opposeth Pek'g, and ilie people 
 are cUspersed. 
 
 1 A^^^ Lamech, the son of 
 ^ jNIethuselah, begat 
 '• Noah. 
 
 2 
 
 A. M. 
 
 1537. 
 
 1757. 
 
 'llcb. tonjfue. 
 
 'lleb. the p«r- 
 
 euader. 
 
 2 And Noah was the first 
 who builded the ship : and 
 who sojourned upon the great 
 waters. 
 
 3 And he was the father of 
 those who go down into the 
 deep, and who occupy them- 
 selves in much water. 
 
 4 At this time the whole 
 was of one "^lip, and of one 
 word : and there was peace 
 unto all. 
 
 5 ^ And it came to pass, 
 that men were multiplied be- 
 fore the face of the earth ; and 
 they became mighty, and men 
 of renown. 
 
 6 And '' Japhet, and his 
 sons, and his sons' sons, said 
 unto Noah, Behold, thou art 
 
 our "^fallier ! permit us, we 'iia,. mier. 
 beseech thee, seeing the land 
 is not able to bear us, our chil- 
 dren, and our herds, and our 
 flocks, to pass over and dwell 
 in the plain of ' Shinar. 
 
 7 And Noah said, Be it 
 unto you, as ye list : only this 
 thing I command ye, that ye 
 worship the God of your fa- 
 thers, observing all things 
 which ye have received. 
 
 8 And Noah lived nine hun- 
 dred and thirty years : and he 
 died. 
 
 9 And from these men of 
 renown rose up great nations, 
 by whom the isles of the ^Gen- 
 tiles Mere peopled. 
 
 10 ^ And it came to pass, 
 in process of time, that there 
 stood up among men, ''Peleg, 
 the sou of ' Eber. 
 
 '//(}. vigilanoa. 
 
 2010. 
 
 *Or, sirangeri 
 
 1729. 
 
 ^Ilrb. the divi- 
 der. 
 
 'Z/cJ. the wrath- 
 ful.
 
 Nimrod opposeth Pehg. 
 
 Chap. iii. 
 
 Abraham goes into Egypt. 
 
 A.M. 
 
 1750. 
 
 * Heb. the 
 headstrong. 
 
 2093. 
 
 • lleb. the 
 multitude. 
 
 ► Heb. the dis- 
 contented. 
 
 • Hd). the 
 friiitlul. 
 
 11 It was he who first in- 
 vented the hedge and ditch, 
 the wall and bulwark : and 
 who by lot divided the lands 
 among his brethren. 
 
 12 And '' Nimrod said, 
 Wherefore should we obey 
 Peleg : and why should we 
 forsake the customs of our 
 forefathers. 
 
 13 And the people hear- 
 kened unto him : for Nim- 
 rod was a mighty hunter, and 
 a man of renown. 
 
 14 And there arose a great 
 strife among the people : and 
 they were scattered upon the 
 earth. 
 
 16 And Nimrod builded 
 him cities : and he gathered 
 together the scattered of the 
 laud. 
 
 CHAP. III. 
 
 4 he 
 6 goes into 
 
 1 Abraham and Sarah 
 leaves Canaan. 
 
 Egypt. 8 his riches. 1 1 removes 
 to Mamre, 16 circumctscs him- 
 self. 20 Sarah (tissuades him 
 from slaying his son Isaac. 39 
 his death. 41 Isaac dies. 43 
 a famine in Canaan. 48 Pha- 
 raoh sends for Jacob into Egypt. 
 51 Jacob goes. 53 his death 
 
 1 AND ^Abraham was the 
 son of ^ Terah : and 'Sa- 
 rah was the wife of Abraham. 
 2 And Abraham said, Lo, 
 the nations are full of confu- 
 sion : and the inhabitants of 
 the earth have perverted their 
 ways. 
 
 3 Thus saith Abraham, the 
 son of Terah, I have spied 
 iniquity among the Gentiles, 
 and evil among the sons of 
 Cain. 
 
 4 And Abraham departed 
 from his brethren, and passed 
 through the land of '' Canaan, 
 he and his wife ; and he pitch- 
 ed his tent on the plain of 
 ■^Moriah. 
 
 5 And as he journeyed still 
 on to the south, he heard a 
 voice saying unto him, ' I 
 will make of thee a great 
 nation. 
 
 6 ^ And Abraham went 
 into *"' Egypt : and he abode 
 thercj and found favour with 
 '' Pharaoh, 
 
 7 And Pharaoh gave unto 
 Abraham, sheep and oxen : 
 and he-asses and she-asses, and 
 men-servants and maid-ser- 
 vants. 
 
 8 And Abraham was rich 
 in cattle, and in men-servants 
 and maid-servants, and in sil- 
 ver and gold : and Abraham 
 went up out of Egypt, even 
 unto ' Bethel did he go. 
 
 9 And the herds and pos- 
 sessions of Abraham increased 
 exceedingly : so that the " land 
 was not able to bear them. 
 
 10 Insomuch that the ser- 
 vants of Abraham, and the 
 servants of ' Lot strove toge- 
 ther. 
 
 11 Then Abraham arose, 
 his wife, his servants, and his 
 flocks : and he removed his 
 tent, and he came and dwelt 
 
 A. M. 
 
 2098. 
 
 ' IM. delight- 
 ful. 
 
 * Ildt. morose. 
 
 ' Ileb, Out of 
 
 thee shall come 
 forth a great 
 nation. 
 
 >Heb. bondage. 
 
 ■■ Heh. the un- 
 willing. 
 
 ' Ileb. house 
 of God. 
 
 ' Ueb. spot. 
 
 ' Ileb. the di«- 
 tressed.
 
 Abraham circumciseth himself; J A S H E R. 
 
 and offereth his son Isaac. 
 
 A. M. in the plain of "Mamre, nigh 
 2103. unto "Hebron. 
 r//f I!'*"'™ 12 fT Now so it came to 
 
 'llrb. charm. ", <~. i « i i 
 
 pass, that c*arah, Abraham s 
 wife, had not brought forth 
 her first-born. 
 
 13 And Abraham com- 
 plained, and said ; Unto me 
 thou hast not given an heir : 
 lo ! the stranger, born in my 
 house, shall rule after me. 
 
 14 And Abraham heard a 
 voice saving: unto hira, Cir- 
 cunicise the flesh of thy fore- 
 skin, for therefore art thou 
 barren. 
 
 15 And Abraham did so : 
 and he went in unto Sarah, 
 and she conceived, and bare 
 a son, and he called his name 
 
 •rtfi. the laugh "IsaaC. 
 
 16 And Abraham was ninety 
 and nine years old, when he 
 circumcised the flesh of his 
 foreskin. 
 
 17 And Abraham removed 
 from the plains of ^Mamre, and 
 
 pHeA holy. Went and dwelt between 'Ka- 
 
 i//f«. tuong. desh and ''Shur. 
 
 ] 8 And Abraham was strick- 
 en in years, and his strength 
 failed him. 
 
 19 And when Isaac was 
 twenty and five years old, 
 Abraham heard a voice, saying. 
 Take thy son, and slay him, 
 and offer him up a burnt-offer- 
 ing in the land wherein he was 
 born. 
 
 20 And Sarah spake unto 
 Abraham, and said. The holy 
 voice hath not so spoken ; for 
 remember thou the words 
 
 of that voice which said unto 
 thee, I will make of thee a 
 great nation. 
 
 21 [^ And Abraham rose up 
 early in the morning, and sad- 
 dled his ass, and took two of 
 his young men with him, and 
 Isaac his son, and clave the 
 wood for the burnt-offering, 
 and rose up, and went unto 
 the place of which God had 
 told him. 
 
 22 Then on tlie third day 
 Abraham lifted up his eyes, 
 and saw the place afar off. 
 
 23 And Abraham said unto 
 his young men, Abide ye here 
 with the ass ; and I and the 
 lad will go yonder and worship, 
 and come again to you. 
 
 21 And Abraham took the 
 wood of the burnt-offering, 
 and laid it upon Isaac his son ; 
 and he took the fire in his hand, 
 and a knife ; and they went 
 both of them together. 
 
 25 And Isaac spake unto 
 Abraham his father, and said. 
 My father : and he said. Here 
 am I, my son. And he said, 
 Behold the fire and the wood : 
 but where is the lamb for a 
 burnt-offering ? 
 
 26 And Abraham said. My 
 son, God will provide himself 
 a lamb for a burnt-offering: so 
 the}^ went both of them toge- 
 ther. 
 
 27 And they came to the 
 place which God had told him 
 of; and Abraham built an altar 
 there, and laid tlie wood in 
 order, and bound Isaac his son. 
 
 A.M. 
 2144.
 
 Abraham offereth his son Isaac. 
 
 Chap. iii. A famine in the land cf Canaan. 
 
 A. M. and laid him on the altar upon 
 the wood. 
 
 28 And Abraham stretched 
 forth his hand, and took the 
 knife to slay his son. 
 
 29 And the angel of the 
 Lord called unto him out of 
 heaven, and said, Abraham, 
 Abraham : and he said. Here 
 am I. 
 
 30 And he said, Lay not thy 
 hand upon the lad, neither do 
 thou any things unto him : for 
 now 1 know that thou fearest 
 God, seeing thou hast not with- 
 held thy son, thine only son 
 from me. 
 
 31 And Abraham lifted up 
 his eyes, and looked, and be- 
 hold behind him a ram caught 
 in a thicket by his horns : and 
 Abraham went and took the 
 ram, and offered him up for a 
 burnt-offering in the stead of 
 hi;^ son. 
 
 32 And Abraham called the 
 name of that place Jehovah- 
 jireh : as it is said to this day, 
 In the mount of the Lord it 
 shall be seen. 
 
 33 ^ And the angel of the 
 Lord called unto Abraham out 
 of heaven the second time, 
 
 34 And said, By myself have 
 I sworn, saith the Lord, for 
 because thou hast done this 
 thing, and hast not withheld 
 thy son, thine only son : 
 
 35 That in blessing I will 
 bless thee, and in multiplying 
 I will multiply thy seed as the 
 stars of the heaven, and as the 
 sand which is upon the sea 
 
 6 
 
 shore ; and thy seed shall pos- A. M. 
 sess the gate of his enemies. -2144. 
 
 36 And in thy seed shall all 
 the nations of the earth be 
 blessed; because thou hast obey- 
 ed my voice. 
 
 37 So Abraham returned un- 
 to his young men, and they rose 
 up and went together to Beer- 
 sheba ; and Abraham dwelt at 
 Beer-sheba.] 
 
 38 And Abraham repented 
 him of the evil he purposed to 
 do unto his son, his only son, 
 Isaac. 
 
 39 And Abraham died, and 2190. 
 was buried ; even in the place 
 where Sarah his wife was bu- 
 ried, there was he buried also. 
 
 40 ^ And Isaac begat ' J a- 'Hei. the sup- 
 cob of ' Rebecca his wife. F^j^'the giut- 
 
 41 And it came to pass, in ted. 
 process of time, that Isaac was 
 gathered unto his fathers : and 
 Jacob increased in men-ser- 
 vants, and in maid-servants, 
 and in sheep, and in oxen, in 
 he-asses and in she-asses, and 
 
 in silver and in gold. 
 
 42 And Jacob dwelt in the 
 land of Canaan. 
 
 43 ^ And it came to pass, 2292. 
 after many days were fulfilled, 
 
 that there was a great famine 
 in that land. 
 
 44 And 'Joseph, one of the .f/e*.tb« added 
 sons of Jacob, in those days 
 ministered in Egypt. 
 
 45 And Jacob said unto his 
 sons. Arise, go down into 
 Egypt, and buy ye corn for 
 us, your wives, and your little 
 ones, that we and they may 
 live, and not die.
 
 Jacob dies in Egy^pt. 
 
 J A S H E R. Pharaoh will not let the Israelites go. 
 
 A. M. 46 And they saddled their 
 
 2299. asses, and they journeyed into 
 Egypt, and they hastened to 
 do according' to all that Jacob 
 had spoken, for the famine was 
 sore in the land. 
 
 47 And Joseph interceded 
 for his brethren: and Pharaoh 
 said unto the sons of Jacob, 
 Lade ye your beasts, and re- 
 turn ye into the land of Canaan. 
 
 48 And say ye unto your 
 father. Thus saith Pharaoh, 
 king of Egypt, Como unto me, 
 ye, your wives, your sons, and 
 your daughters, and your little 
 ones ; and ye shall dwell in the 
 land of Egypt, and ye shall 
 
 49 And they returned into 
 Canaan ,• and they told unto 
 Jacob, their father, all those 
 things which Pharaoh had 
 commanded them. 
 
 60 And Jacob accepted the 
 ojQFer that Pharaoh had made 
 him, because the famine was 
 sore in the land of Canaan. 
 
 51 And Jacob delayed not, 
 but came down, he, and his 
 family, into Egypt. 
 
 52 And Pharaoh gave him 
 'Hci.n\gh. the land of "Goshen to dwell 
 
 in, which was near. 
 
 53 And Jacob died in the 
 2310- land of Goshen, in the land of 
 
 Egypt. 
 
 CHAP. IV. 
 
 2 The Israelites increase. 4 Thei/ 
 want to go into Canaan. 6 Pha- 
 raoh tcill not let them go. 13 
 Zapnah's counsel. 20 TTte Is- 
 rael iles are taxed. 
 6 
 
 1 p^Ti the children of Is- A.M. 
 racl sojourned in the 2335. 
 land of Egypt many years 
 after the death of Jacob their 
 father. 
 
 2 And it came to pass in 
 process of time, that they in- 
 creased abundantly, and they 
 waxed mighty ; and the land 
 of Goshen was filled with 
 them. 
 
 3 And they sent messengers 
 unto Pharaoh, king of Egypt, 
 saying : 
 
 4 The land in which we 
 dwell is not able to bear us, 
 our children, our flocks, and 
 our cattle ; wherefore we pray 
 thee, suffer us to return into the 
 land of Canaan from whence 
 we came out. 
 
 5 And Pharaoh .said unto 
 his servants, even unto the 
 wise men of his kingdom : 
 
 6 How is this, that the 
 children of Jacob say unto us. 
 Suffer us to return into the 
 land of Canaan from whence 
 we came out ? 
 
 7 Are they not the subjects 
 of the Egyptians ? have we 
 not bought them with a price? 
 
 8 And the wise men an- 
 swered Pharaoh, and said : 
 When the famine was sore in 
 the land of Canaan, thy father's 
 father gave unto Jacob and his 
 children the land of Goshen 
 for to dwell in, and with the 
 fat of Egypt were they sus- 
 tained. 
 
 9 N^ow, know, O king, in 
 those days, thy father's father 
 advanced one Joseph, an »He- .y/^. ,h, .uen.
 
 ZapnaK's counsel. Chkv. v. 
 
 A. M. brew, who was the son of 
 2375. "Jacob. 
 'Hti. the ex- iQ And he was a stranger 
 in the land of Egypt ; and he 
 bought Egypt with a price. 
 
 11 And Pharaoh said, have 
 we nourished them, and shall 
 'Hei. rebel. they "now tum up the heel 
 against us? 
 
 h,Td'"'^' "'" ^^ ■^^'^ "^ Zapnah stood 
 forth and said : Hearken unto 
 me, O Pharaoh, king of 
 Egypt, let thy servant speak, 
 let the words of my mouth 
 find favour before thee. 
 
 13 And Zapnah said^ The 
 children of Jacob are become 
 a great people for number ; 
 and they increase daily, and 
 they thirst after dominion. 
 
 14 And peradventure it shall 
 come to pass that they shall 
 
 •Heb. go in. "join themselves unto our ene- 
 mies, and fight against us, and 
 slay us, and take away from us 
 our inheritance, 
 
 15 Send therefore unto Go- 
 shen, even unto the children 
 of Jacob, saying, Ye shall 
 number the males according 
 to your tribes, from him that 
 is able to go forth to battle, 
 even to the hoary head ; the 
 females also ye shall number, 
 ye shall number the children 
 of Jacob both males and fe- 
 males. 
 
 16 And Pharaoh did so : 
 and Pharaoh said : Behold the 
 sons of Jacob are more in 
 number than my own people. 
 
 IT Up now, let us set over 
 them task-masters ; for the 
 
 Pharaoh oppresses the Israelites. 
 
 land of Egypt groaneth, it is A. M. 
 heavy laden, it bendeth under 2377. 
 its burthen. 
 
 18 Now the land of Egypt 
 gave of its increase unto Pha- 
 raoh, the fifth part thereof. 
 
 19 And Pharaoh said; Of 
 the increase of the land of 
 Egypt shall ye every year 
 bring into my stoi-ehouses, the 
 tenth part thereof. 
 
 20 And of the increase of 
 the land of Goshen shall the 
 children of Jacob bring unto 
 fPithom and ^Raamses year by p,^^j """""- 
 year the tenth part thereof, «/'<*. threat- 
 without waste shall thev bring '"''^' 
 it. 
 
 21 So the Egyptians were 
 eased of their burthens ; and 
 the children of Israel were 
 grievously oppressed. 
 
 22 ^AU these things which 
 I Jasher have written, received 
 I from ''Caleb my father, yea, '^«*. the hear- 
 even from 'Hezron my father's ^^frf. the arrow 
 father, and from ''Azuba who """Joy- 
 
 . •! 1 -ii 'hei. the 
 
 travailed with me. chaste. 
 
 CHAP. V. 
 
 ■1 Pharaoh again oppresses (he Is- 
 raeliies. 6 He orders the males 
 of the Hebretcs to be hilled. 8 
 hfoses is born. 13 Pharaoh's 
 daughter intercedeUi for the He- 
 brew males. 14 Moses becomes 
 her son. 
 
 1 THESE are the words of 
 
 Jasher, the son of Caleb, ^'^^^• 
 by Azuba. 
 
 2 And it came to pass in 
 process of time, that the chil- 
 dren of 'Israel were multiplied if'*" p"""- 
 
 exceedingly. 
 
 ing.
 
 Moses is born ; 
 
 J A S H E R. leaves Egypt, and goes to Goshen. 
 
 A. M. 3 And they said one unto 
 
 2395. the other, Shall we bow down 
 
 and serve the Egyptians, see- 
 
 ino- we are become more, and 
 
 mightier than they. 
 
 4 And the sayings of the 
 children of Israel were told 
 unto Pharaoh ; and he said, 
 They are wanton, they lift up 
 the iieel ; set over them more 
 task-masters. 
 
 5 And they did so; but it 
 availed not : for the more the 
 house of Jacob was afflicted, 
 the more they increased and 
 multiplied. 
 
 6 And Pharaoh was greatly 
 vexed, and he said. This peo- 
 ple will eat us up ; wherefore 
 ye shall slay every male of the 
 Hebrews that cometh out of 
 the womb, in the day that he 
 is born shall he surely die, 
 
 7 Now when the daughter 
 of Pharaoh heard of these 
 things she sought to turn 
 away the evil imaginations of 
 her father against the males of 
 the children of Israel. 
 
 8 And it came to pass that 
 ' Heb. drawn "Moscs the son of /Amrani, by 
 
 from the water, dj^gj^g^jed hjs wifc, WaS the 
 
 ;"f "" "" first male that came out of the 
 ome['*' "'" wooib after the decree of 
 "'""'''' Pharaoh, king of Egypt, to 
 
 slay all the males of the 
 
 Hebrews. 
 
 9 And Jochebed the mother 
 .Hej.theprais- of Moses, with 'Miriam his 
 er. sister, came unto Pharaoh's 
 
 daughter ; and Jochebed said. 
 Behold here the son of thy 
 handmaid ! 
 
 S 
 
 10 And Pharaoh's daughter A. M. 
 said, What wist you? 2133. 
 
 11 And they said, Thy fa- 
 ther hath commanded that this 
 infant be slain ; yea, and that 
 all the Hebrew males as soon 
 as they are born be slain also. 
 
 12 And Pharaoh's daughter 
 said. Give unto me the child. 
 And they did so. And she 
 said. This shall be my son. 
 
 13 And it came to pass, 
 that the wrath of Pharaoh 
 was turned away from slaying 
 the males of the Hel)rews. 
 
 11 And the child Moses 
 grew and increased in stature, 
 and was learned in all the 
 magic of the Egyptians. 
 
 CHAP. VI. 
 
 3 Afoses leaves Egr/pt, and goes into 
 Goshen. 5 Proposes to his bre- 
 thren to shake off the Egi/ptian 
 yoke. 8 Pharaoh hears of this. 
 10 Moses flies into Midiam. 12 
 Caleb invents the bow. 14 Moses 
 comes into Goshen. 18 The He- 
 brews reprove Mos( s. 21 Their 
 burdens. 
 
 1 J!^lSiT> it came to pass in 
 those days, that Pharaoh 
 died ; and the daughter of 
 Pharaoh died also. 
 
 2 And there arose up a king 
 who knew not Moses ; neither 
 regarded he the children of 
 Israel. 
 
 3 ^ When all these things ^47 J. 
 were accomplished, Moses 
 
 came up out of Egypt; and 
 he sojourned with his brethren 
 in the land of Goshen.
 
 Moses flies into Midian ; 
 
 A. M. 4 And Moses saw the op- 
 
 2473. pression of the Egyptians, 
 
 wherewith they oppressed his 
 
 brethren : and it grieved him 
 
 to the heart. 
 
 6 And he said unto his bre- 
 thren. Let us shake off the 
 yoke of the Egyptians : let us 
 cast away their bondage from 
 ' us. 
 
 6 We be more in number 
 than the people of Egypt, the 
 lesser should always bow down 
 and serve the greater : as it is 
 written in the prophecy of 
 Jacob our father. 
 
 7 The fifth part of the in- 
 crease of our lands will we 
 not give the Egyptians: nei- 
 ther will we serve Pharaoh 
 any longer. 
 
 8 Now when it was told 
 Pharaoh, That Moses stirred 
 up the people : and made 
 them uneasy under their bur- 
 thens ; 
 
 9 That Pharaoh sent mes- 
 sengers unto Moses, but they 
 found him not : for he had 
 fled out of the land of Goshen 
 from the face of Pharaoh, in- 
 
 1 HeJ. judging, to the land of "Midian. 
 
 10 And Moses abode with 
 '//cA. the ex- ""Jethro, the prince of Midian: 
 "^Ha: the ^"^d Moses took to wife, "=Zip- 
 caase of con- porah, the daughter of Jethro. 
 
 And he dwelt with him thirty 
 and nine years. 
 
 11 ^ And it came to pass 
 after Moses had fled from the 
 
 ^'*^»- face of Pharaoh, and had left 
 his brethren in the land of 
 Goshen, 
 
 9 
 
 tention. 
 
 Chap. vi. stays forty years, and returns. 
 
 12 That Caleb, the son of A. M. 
 Hezron, invented the bow : for 2488. 
 
 he was a mighty man, and a 
 man of renown. 
 
 1.3 He taught the children 
 of Jacob to shoot with the bow : 
 he learnt his brethren to pre- 
 pare themselves for the bat- 
 tle. 
 
 14 ^ And Moses was eigh- 2512. 
 ty years old : and it was told 
 unto him, saying, Pharaoh 
 who sought thy life is dead. 
 
 15 And Moses sent 'Ger- 'Heb- the pe- 
 shom his son before his face : "^"*- 
 and Moses came, he and his 
 wife, into the land of Goshen, 
 even to his brethren did he 
 come. 
 
 16 And INIoses spake unto 
 the children of Israel, and said. 
 Whilst I sojourned in the land 
 of Midian, I heard a voice 
 saying unto me : Arise, go up 
 unto thy brethren, for I will 
 by thy hand bring back the 
 children of Jacob, and they 
 shall possess the land of Ca- 
 naan from whence they came 
 out. 
 
 17 And the elders of the 
 children of Israel knew not 
 Moses : neither regarded they 
 the words of his mouth. 
 
 18 And they said unto Mo- 
 ses, Thou hast polluted the 
 house of Jacob : for lo ! thou 
 hast taken to wife one who is 
 not an Israelite. 
 
 19 And Moses said: 'I have 'Or, ihaved.. 
 sinned. viated. 
 
 20 And Moses put away 
 Zipporah and her children :
 
 Caleb's speech to the Israelites. 
 
 J ASHE R. 
 
 Moses goes unto Pharaoh. 
 
 A. M. and they returned unto Jethro 
 2613. in the land of Midian. 
 
 21 ^Then stood forth Caleb 
 and said. The Egyptians have 
 laid on us great weights, bur- 
 thens that we are not able to 
 bear, and the necks of the 
 people are sore through the 
 pressure thereof; 
 
 22 Let us therefore hearken 
 unto the words of Moses ; per- 
 ad venture salvation is on his 
 right hand. 
 
 23 For this fifty years have 
 we served with great toil the 
 Egyptians, with the sweat of 
 our brows we have borne hea- 
 vy burthens, and they have not 
 touched them with the little 
 finger. 
 
 24 And Moses said, Trust 
 in the Lord God of your fa- 
 thers, for he will bring you 
 up out of the affliction where- 
 with the Egyptians oppress 
 yoU; unto the land of our fa- 
 ther Jacob, unto a land flow- 
 ing with milk and honey. 
 
 ■': 25 A land whereon my feet 
 have stood, and mine eyes 
 have seen : 
 
 26 That ye may be a great 
 people, a people whose num- 
 ber may be as the stars in the 
 firmament, and as the sand 
 upon the sea-shore. 
 
 27 Wherefore I will go unto 
 Pharaoh, peradventure he will 
 let the children of Israel go up 
 out of the land of Egypt unto 
 the land of Canaan, even unto 
 the heritage of our fore- 
 fathers. 
 
 10 
 
 A.M. 
 
 2613. 
 
 CHAP. VIL 
 
 2 Hfoses goes unto Pharaoh, fi De- 
 sires that he might lead the He- 
 brews in to Ih e la n ft of Canaan. 10 
 Pharaoh straightens the Hebrews. 
 16 They are angry with Moses 
 and Aaron. 
 
 1 A^^ ''' came to pass, when 
 the people saw all the 
 signs and the wonders which 
 Moses wrought in the sight of 
 all Israel, in the presence of 
 the congregation, that they 
 believed. 
 
 2 And Moses said unto the 
 elders of Israel, Send also with 
 
 me "Aaron, my brother, that he '"'^- »''« •''"- 
 may be a spokesman lor me, 
 and for you. 
 
 3 And also Jasher, the son 
 of Caleb, that he may bear 
 the rod before u.s. 
 
 4 And the elders of Israel 
 said unto Aaron, and unto Ja- 
 sher, Go, and may ye, and all 
 the children of Jacob, find fa- 
 vour in the sight of Pharaoh, 
 king of Egypt. 
 
 6 Then went Moses unto 
 Pharaoh, and said, Fourscore 
 and one years have we served 
 thee, yea, with rigorous ser- 
 vitude have bowed down our 
 necks unto thee. 
 
 6 And behold the land of 
 Goshen is not able to bear us ; 
 the number of thy servants in- 
 crease daily, wherefore, let us 
 now pass through the land of 
 Egypt unto the wilderness, that 
 we may go and sojourn in the 
 land of Canaan, from whence 
 we came out.
 
 Pharaoh straightens the people. 
 
 Chap. viii. The people are angry with Moses. 
 
 A. M. 7 For behold, O Pharaoh! 
 
 2513. thus hath said our forefathers, 
 Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob : 
 The land of Canaan shall be 
 thine inheritance, it shall be 
 the dwelling of your sons, your 
 sons' sons, and your posterity 
 for ever. 
 
 8 And Pharaoh said. Are 
 ye come hither to mock me ? 
 I regard not the prophecies of 
 your fathers, neither will I let 
 the children of Israel go up 
 out of the land. 
 
 9 The house of Jacob are 
 the nurture of the Egyptians : 
 wherefore do ye, Moses and 
 Aaron, dissuade the people 
 from their duty. 
 
 10 5[ Then Pharaoh called 
 unto him the task-masters, 
 whom he had set over the 
 children of Israel, and he said 
 unto them. Ye are negligent ; 
 bring ye unto my treasure-ci- 
 ties, Pithom and Raamses, the 
 fifth of the increase of the land 
 of Goshen, by the sixth day, 
 ye shall bring it to the full tale 
 thereof. 
 
 11 And the task-masters did 
 as Pharaoh had commanded ; 
 and they pressed sore the offi- 
 cers of the children of Israel. 
 
 12 And they were straight- 
 ened for time, because the 
 commandment of Pharaoh was 
 urgent. 
 
 13 And they cried unto Pha- 
 raoh, and said. Give unto thy 
 servants other six days, so shall 
 we be able to obey thy voice, 
 O Pharaoh ! 
 
 11 
 
 14 But Pharaoh answered, 
 
 1 will not, hasten therefore, 
 and bring of the increase of 
 your lands, your flocks, and 
 your herds, even the fifth part 
 of them shall ye bring unto 
 Pithom and Raamses. 
 
 15 And as they departed, 
 the officers of the children of 
 Israel met Moses and Aaron 
 in the way, and they said unto 
 them, 
 
 16 Pharaoh will not hear us, 
 neither regardeth he the words 
 of our forefathers, neither hath 
 the words of you, Moses and 
 Aaron, any power over him, it 
 had been better for us you had 
 never gone forth and spake 
 unto him. 
 
 17 And Moses was angry 
 because of the sayings of the 
 officers of the children of Is- 
 rael, and Moses said, 
 
 18 Wherefore should Pha- 
 raoh evil intreat the children of 
 Israel ? 
 
 CHAP. VIII. 
 
 2 Moses persuades the people to go 
 out of Egypt. 8 Goes again to 
 Pharao/i. 12 Moses's rod. ly 
 Becomes a serpent. 23 Turns the 
 river into blood. 25 The river 
 brings forth frogs. 30 Pharaoh 
 will not let the Hebrews go. 
 
 1 A^^ ^^ came to pass on 
 the morrow, that Moses 
 assembled together the sons of 
 'Reuben, ""Simeon, 'Levi, 
 ■'Gershon, 'Kohath, 'Merari, 
 ^Izhar, ''Uzziel, and 'Korah, 
 
 A.M. 
 2613. 
 
 'Heb. I hBve 
 «een my son. 
 'tff*. the at- 
 tentive. 
 
 'Hei. copuled. 
 'Heb. Ihe stran- 
 ger. 
 
 ° Heb. gather- 
 ing, 
 'bitter. 
 tlleb. bright. 
 
 ^Heb. the 
 strength ofGod. 
 'y/e*. bald.
 
 Moses is sent io Pharaoh ; 
 
 J A S H E R. his rod is turned into a serpent. 
 
 A.M. even the heads of the families 
 2613. of the children of Israel. 
 
 2 And Moses said unto them, 
 The heart of Pharaoh is set 
 against us, and it. cometh to 
 pass, when we speak unto him 
 to go three days' journey into 
 the wilderness, that he oppress- 
 eth us sore. 
 
 3 And now, O elders of Is- 
 rael, ye this day bear me wit- 
 ness, how that our fathers, 
 even Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, 
 dwelt in the land of Canaan, 
 and possessed the same. 
 
 4 And they said unto us, It 
 is a land that floweth with milk 
 and honey. 
 
 5 And this we ourselves 
 know, that the compass of it 
 will receive us, our wives, our 
 children, and our flocks. 
 
 6 Remember also the words 
 which Jacob spake unto us, 
 when as yet he was with us : 
 Ye shall go up and dwell in the 
 land of your fathers. 
 
 7 And the heads of the fa- 
 milies of the children of Israel 
 said unto Moses: Go unto Pha- 
 raoh in our names, in the names 
 of the elders of the house of 
 Jacob. 
 
 8 ^ And Moses went unto 
 Pharaoh : and Pharaoh was 
 walking in his garden, by the 
 river side, and his wise men 
 were with him. 
 
 9 And Moses said unto Pha- 
 raoh, Let us, we pray thee, 
 go through the land of Egypt 
 unto the wilderness, that we 
 may serve the Lord. 
 
 12 
 
 10 And Pharaoh answered A. M. 
 and said : Surely to make a 2513. 
 nation of thy people, that thou 
 mayest rule over them, art 
 
 thou come ! From whence art 
 thou? 
 
 11 And Moses spake unto 
 Pharaoh, and said. The Lord 
 hath sent me : out of INIidian 
 am I come. 
 
 12 And Pharaoh said unto 
 Moses, What meanest that rod 
 that is borne before you, Moses, 
 and before you, Aaron ? 
 
 13 And Moses spake out 
 aloud unto Pharaoh, and said, 
 Thus saith the Lord : It is the 
 wand and token of my power, 
 whereby you, and all the 
 Egyptians shall know, that I 
 am sent unto you. 
 
 1 4 And Pharaoh was seated 
 under a pavilion, he and his 
 wise men : and Moses, Aaron, 
 and Jasher, stood there also. 
 
 15 And Pharaoh said. Is 
 that the rod of which I have 
 been told, that thou, Moses, 
 didst throw it upon the earth, 
 before the elders of Israel, and 
 it became as a serpent ? 
 
 16 And Moses said, O Pha- 
 raoh ! it came to pass as thou 
 hast spoken. 
 
 17 And the heart of Pha- 
 raoh was as salt: and Moses 
 took the rod, and he threw it 
 down before Pharaoh, and be- 
 fore his servants, and the rod 
 became as a serpent. 
 
 18 Then the wise men, the 
 magicians, and sorcerers of 
 Egypt, threw down their rods
 
 Moses workeih wonders. 
 
 Chap. ix. 
 
 Caleb'' s advice to his brethren. 
 
 A. M. before Pharaoh : and their rods 
 2513. became as serpents. 
 
 19 But the rod of Moses 
 was as a ser|)ent, when the rods 
 of the magicians and sorcerers 
 were not so. 
 
 20 51 And it came to pass on 
 the mornine^ of the next day, 
 as Pharaoh walked by the river 
 side, Moses spake unto Pharaoh, 
 and said, 
 
 21 Lo! this will I do; I will 
 smite this river, which thou 
 seest, with this rod, and the 
 water thereof shall become as 
 blood, and all the moving crea- 
 tures therein shall die, and the 
 river shall stink. 
 
 22 And Pharaoh said unto 
 Moses, If thou canst do this 
 thing, thou art able to be a 
 lawgiver to, and a ruler over 
 thy people. 
 
 23 And INIoses smote the 
 river with his rod, and the ri- 
 ver was as blood : and the ma- 
 gicians did so. 
 
 24 And Pharaoh laughed at 
 Moses. 
 
 25 5[ And it came to pass 
 on the morrow, that Moses 
 smote the river, and it brought 
 forth frogs in abundance, so 
 that they crawled upon the 
 banks thereof. 
 
 2G And the magicians and 
 sorcerers of Egypt with their 
 rods smote the river, and it 
 brought forth frogs. 
 
 27 And Pharaoh spake unto 
 Moses, and said : Where are 
 now thy wonders, seeing my 
 servants do the like ? 
 13 
 
 28 And !Moses went out 
 from before the face of Pha- 
 raoh. 
 
 29 51 -And Moses returned 
 into the land of Goshen, and 
 he called for the elders of Is- 
 rael : and he told them all that 
 he had done in Egypt. 
 
 30 And that Pharaoh would 
 not let them from their bur- 
 thens to go through the land 
 of Egypt into the land of Ca- 
 naan, as our fathers had pro- 
 mised unto us, and unto our 
 seed for ever. 
 
 CHAP. IX. 
 
 1 Caleb jiroposes to fight their way 
 through Egypt, 9 which is told 
 Pliaruoh, 1 1 who is willing to 
 let them go on certain conditions. 
 19 the Hebrews sell their posses- 
 sions to the Egyptians, 23 whom 
 they spoil. 26 the Hebrews go 
 out armed. 
 
 1 A^^ ^" those days it 
 came to pass, that Ca- 
 leb, the son of Hezron, stood 
 up before the assembly of the 
 children of Israel, and he said 
 unto them : 
 
 2 Now know ye, that Pha- 
 raoh and his servants will not 
 let us go peaceably through 
 Egypt unto the promised land. 
 
 3 Are the Egyptians to com- 
 pare with us ? Can they bend 
 the bow ? Can they set forth 
 the battle ? 
 
 4 Are not they backsliders ? 
 Are they not weak ? Do not 
 they delight in ease and in soft 
 raiment ? 
 
 A. M. 
 2513.
 
 Moses persuades Pharaoh 
 
 J A S H E R. 
 
 to let the Israelites go. 
 
 A. M. 5 Wherefore thus saith Ca- 
 
 2613. leb, the son of Hezron : Up, 
 let us take the bow, and on the 
 morrow let us enter the land of 
 Egypt to pass through it to the 
 land of our father Jacob. 
 
 6 And let no man do hurt 
 unto the Egyptians, unless 
 Pharaoh and his servants should 
 seek to slay us. 
 
 7 And the counsel of Caleb 
 was pleasing unto all the disci- 
 ples of the bow, who were the 
 loUowers of the son of Hez- 
 ron. 
 
 8 And Moses said, Caleb, 
 the son of Hezron, hath well 
 spoken : By midnight on the 
 morrow, will we and all the 
 host of Israel assay to go up 
 out of the land of Egypt. 
 
 9 51 And it came to pass on 
 the morrow, that these things 
 were told unto Pharaoh, and 
 unto those that were with him. 
 
 10 And the wise men of E- 
 gypt said unto Pharaoh, Let 
 the Hebrews go, lest perad- 
 venture they slay us, our wives, 
 and our children, and take 
 away the land from us. 
 
 1 1 Then Pharaoh called for 
 Moses, and for all the elders 
 of the children of Israel, and 
 he said unto them, I will let 
 you, your wives, and your 
 children go : only your flocks 
 and your herds, they you shall 
 leave behind ; so shall you go 
 up out of the land. 
 
 12 And Moses said. How 
 then shall the people be sus- 
 tained as they pass through 
 
 14 
 
 Egypt, and when they come A. M. 
 into the wilderness, if our 2.513. 
 flocks and our herds go not 
 with us. 
 
 13 And Pharaoh said. As 
 you pass through the land of 
 Egypt, I will command my 
 servants, and they shall lodge 
 you by night, and provide food 
 for you by day. 
 
 14 Wherefore shall ye leave 
 your flocks, and your herds, 
 and the increase of your lands, 
 behind ye : then shall ye pass 
 through the land of Egypt, 
 and no one shall fight against 
 you. .'.L^mj 
 
 15 Seeing if yon lead yoiir 
 flocks and your herds into the 
 wilderness, there must they 
 perish in the desert. 
 
 IG And Moses went forth 
 from Pharaoh, and spake unto 
 the children of Israel, saying, 
 Pharaoh will let us go, our 
 wives and our children, but 
 our flocks and our herds, and 
 the increase of our lands must 
 we leave behind us in the land 
 of Goshen. And the people 
 were moved. 
 
 17 ^ Then spake Moses and 
 the elders of Israel unto Pha- 
 raoh, and said. Thy people 
 shall buy our flocks, and our 
 herds, and the increase of our 
 lands with a price, that we may 
 have wherewith to purchase 
 necessaries of thy servants, the 
 Egyptians, as we pass through 
 thy land. 
 
 18 And Pharaoh said, Now 
 will I let the people go, only
 
 The Israelites sell their possessions. Chap. x. 
 
 They deceive the Egyptians. 
 
 A. M. this shall you observe. That 
 2613. my people shall give you for 
 your flocks, and for your cattle, 
 and for the increase of your 
 lands, such pieces of money as 
 they shall think proper, and 
 you shall sell unto them all 
 your possessions. 
 
 19 And Moses and the elders 
 sold unto the Egyptians on a 
 set-day, even all that they had, 
 their cattle, their houses, the 
 fruit of the ground, yea, all 
 the worth of the children of 
 Israel. 
 
 20 Only Miriam begged of 
 the Egyptians a male and a 
 female of every flock, and of 
 every herd, and of every fowl, 
 and of every beast. 
 
 21 HAnd it came to pass, 
 that the flocks, and the herds, 
 and the possessions of the chil- 
 dren of Israel were so gi'eat in 
 number, that the Egyptians 
 lacked money to make good 
 the purchase thereof. 
 
 22 And the Egyptians said 
 unto their wives, and unto their 
 daughters, give unto us your 
 car-rings, your jewels of silver, 
 and your jewels of gold, that 
 we may pay unto the Hebrews 
 that which we owe unto them. 
 
 23 And the price thereof 
 spoiled the Egyptians. 
 
 24 HAnd it came to pass, 
 when the sale was over, that 
 Moses hastened the children of 
 Israel to go up out of the land 
 of Egypt. 
 
 25 And the trumpet sounded 
 about midnight, and the chil- 
 
 15 
 
 dren of Israel hastened with 
 great haste to go up out of 
 Egypt. 
 
 26 And Caleb spake in the 
 ears of the people, and he said. 
 Let every man take his bow in 
 his hand ; so shall Israel go up 
 out of the land of bondage 
 with an out-stretched arm. 
 
 27 And they did so : and 
 great fear fell upon all the 
 Egyptians. 
 
 CHAP. X. 
 
 1 T/ie Hebreics deceive the Egyp- 
 tians. 5 Pharaoh pursues them. 
 1 1 TTie Israelites murmur against 
 Moses. 15 The people send Jash- 
 er to Pharaoh. 30 Resolve to 
 pass the Red Sea. 
 
 1 ]^0W it came to pass on 
 the morrow, that the 
 Egyptians began to count the 
 flocks, and the herds, and the 
 possessions of the children of 
 Israel, which they had sold 
 unto the Egyptians, and be- 
 hold there lacked in the tale 
 thereof. 
 
 2 Then the people of Egypt 
 cried unto Pharaoh, and said : 
 We have done wrong in letting 
 the children of Jacob our nur- 
 ture go away from serving 
 thee and thy people. 
 
 3 For lo! the Hebrews 
 have sold unto us more in 
 number of their flocks and 
 their herds, and their posses- 
 sions than they had. 
 
 4 And Pharaoh said, Arise, 
 let us pursue after them, per- 
 
 A. M. 
 2613.
 
 Pharaoh pursues the Israelites . 
 
 J A S HE R. 
 
 they send Jasher to Pharaoh. 
 
 A. M. adventure we shall overtake 
 2513. them before they have gotten 
 into the wilderness. 
 
 5 And Pharaoh and the E- 
 gyptians pursued after the 
 children of Israel : even unto 
 
 • Htb. strong. "Ethem in the wilderness, at 
 the extremity of the Red Sea. 
 
 6 5[ Now it came to pass, 
 when IVIoses perceived that 
 Pharaoh pursued after the 
 Israelites by the way of the 
 wilderness, that he turned off, 
 and he and all Israel came 
 
 'fl.*. secreted, unt^ ""Baal-zcphon, which is 
 on this side of the Red Sea. 
 
 7 And it was told unto Pha- 
 raoh, that Moses and the He- 
 brews had fled by the way of 
 Baal-zcphon. 
 
 8 Then said Pharaoh unto 
 his captains, and unto the ru- 
 lers of his host : Lo ! the host 
 of Egypt waxeth slack, let us 
 remain here for some time, and 
 let us send forth spies ; for 
 behold ! the deceivers cannot 
 escape out of our hands. 
 
 9 And Moses sent messen- 
 gers unto Pharaoh, saying, 
 Wherefore follow ye after us ? 
 Are not the tribes of Israel in 
 number more than the people 
 of Egypt ? Let us go and serve 
 the Lord in the wilderness, we 
 pray thee ! 
 
 10 And Pharaoh answered 
 those that were sent unto him, 
 and said. Because ye have de- 
 ceived Pharaoh and his ser- 
 vants : because ye have spoiled 
 the Egyptians. And Pharaoh 
 was exceedirtg wroth. 
 
 16 
 
 11 And the children of Is- 
 rael cried unto Moses, and .said, 
 Wherefore hast thou attempted 
 thus vainly to bring us up out 
 of Egypt, Surely, as sheep 
 appointed for the slaughter are 
 we come! 
 
 12 5[ Then stood forth Ca- 
 leb and said, Let every man 
 take his bow in his hand : for 
 it is far better that a few of us 
 die, than that we, our wives, 
 our children, our gold, and our 
 silver, should fall a sacrifice 
 unto the uncircumcised. 
 
 13 Remember how the E- 
 gyptiuns evilly intreated us : 
 let us not forget the burthens 
 which we have borne. 
 
 14 And the people cried 
 out with one voice. We will 
 die here : or we will slay the 
 Egyptians. 
 
 15 Then Moses, Aaron, and 
 the elders of Israel, sent Jasher 
 unto Pharaoh, saying : 
 
 16 Behold, thus saith Mo- 
 ses, Aaron, and all the elders 
 of Israel, On the morrow, by 
 the break of day, we will re- 
 store unto thy people, if so be 
 it shall be found that we have 
 done wrong unto the people 
 of Egypt, thy servants. 
 
 17 And Pharaoh said unto 
 Jasher, Say thou unto Moses, 
 unto Aaron, and unto the el- 
 ders of the children of Israel, 
 that, I, Pharaoh, will abide in 
 this place, and all the host of 
 the Egyptians. 
 
 18 But if on the morrow, 
 Moses, Aaron, and the elders 
 
 A. M 
 2513.
 
 Jasher returns to Aloses, 
 
 Chap. xi. 
 
 The Israelites cross the Red Sea. 
 
 A. AI. of Israel shall delay to perform 
 2513. the covenant they have this 
 day made, then will I and all 
 the host of Egypt follow after 
 them, and slay them : none 
 shall escape ; no, not one. 
 
 19 And. when Jasher had 
 heard all that Pharaoh spake 
 unto him : then returned he 
 unto Moses, unto Aaron, and 
 unto the elders of Israel, and 
 he said unto them ; 
 
 20 Thus saith Pharaoh, I, 
 Pharaoh, will abide in this 
 place, and all the host of the 
 Egyptians. 
 
 21 But if on the morrow, 
 Aloses, Aaron, and the elders 
 of Israel shall delay to perform 
 the covenant they have this 
 day made, then will I and all 
 the host of Egypt follow after 
 them, and slay them : none 
 shall escape ; no, not one. 
 
 22 And the people feared 
 greatly ; because they had 
 spoiled the Egyptians. 
 
 23 ^ Then Moses called 
 unto the people, and said. Be- 
 hold ! there is left unto us but 
 one way, whereby we may es- 
 
 ■«<■*. the fury, capc the ''anger of Pharaoh: 
 and of those that are with 
 him. 
 
 24 It is now midnight, and 
 by the time of the cock-crow 
 the Red Sea will be dried up : 
 and peradventure we may cross 
 over dry-shod into the wilder- 
 ness. 
 
 25 And it shall come to 
 pass, that if Pharaoh and his 
 host shall assay to come after 
 
 17 
 
 us, the waters shall return and 
 overwhelm them. 
 
 26 Then Moses commanded 
 Aaron, saying. About the 
 mid of night, ye shall pass 
 through the Red Sea, you and 
 the people who lie on the bank 
 thereof : ye shall pass through, 
 until all have passed through. 
 
 27 And after that, I and 
 the people that shall remain 
 with me will pass through the 
 Red Sea. 
 
 28 And Pharaoh and the 
 Egyptians shall not know of 
 our departure, until the hinder- 
 most have entered the Red Sea. 
 
 29 And the people were be- 
 tween two walls. 
 
 30 And they said one unto 
 another : It is better for us to 
 be drovA^ed in the Red Sea 
 than to be slain by the Egyp- 
 tians. 
 
 CHAP XI. 
 
 1 TAe Israelites pass the Red Sea. 
 6 Pharaoh pursues them to the 
 banks of the Red Sea. 10 Miriam 
 and the virgins dance. 16 Pha- 
 raoh follows them into the Red Sea. 
 19 The sea returns and drowns the 
 Egyptians. 23 Moses' song. 
 
 1 A-'^^ ^* came to pass about 
 the seventh hour of that 
 night, in which the children 
 of Israel were encamped on 
 the Red Sea, that Aaron with 
 the people began to pass 
 through the waters. 
 
 2 And there went into the 
 Red Sea of the children of Is- 
 rael, six hundred thousand men 
 on foot, besides women and 
 
 A. M. 
 
 2513.
 
 Pharaoh pursues the Israelites. J A S H E R. Miriam and the virgins dance. 
 
 A. M. children: and few fell by the 
 2513. way. 
 
 3 And the sun and the 
 moon saw all that was done. 
 
 4 And it came to pass on 
 the nioiTow, that it was told 
 unto Pharaoh, and unto those 
 that were with him, saying : 
 
 6 Behold the children of 
 Israel are fled : hehold even 
 now they cross the Red Sea. 
 
 6 And Pharaoh and tiis host 
 pursued after them, by the way 
 of Baal-zephon : even to the 
 banks of the Red Sea did they 
 pursue them. 
 
 7 And the Egyptians said 
 one to another, We cannot go 
 in after the Hebrews, because 
 of our chariots and our horse- 
 men : for the way is not pre- 
 pared for them. 
 
 8 And moreover should we 
 pass through the sea: perad- 
 venture the Israehtes shall slay 
 us in the wilderness. 
 
 9 And Israel escaped that 
 day out of the hands of the 
 Egyptians : and Israel saw the 
 Egyptians stay on the banks of 
 the sea. 
 
 10 ^ And Miriam said in 
 the presence of Moses, and of 
 Aaron, and of all the elders of 
 Israel : 
 
 1 1 Behold ! the waters are 
 as a wall between us. and the 
 Egyptians : so that they can- 
 not come nigh unto us, to de- 
 stroy us. 
 
 12 And Miriam said, Sound 
 the trumpet: bring forth the 
 timbrel, lead up the dance. 
 
 18 
 
 13 And Miriam, the sister A. M. 
 of Moses, with the virgins her 2613. 
 companions, danced before the 
 
 elders of Israel : and they leap- 
 ed for joy, and they riyoiced 
 exceedingly. 
 
 14 [^ And the Egyptians 
 pursued, and went in after them 
 to the midst of the sea, even 
 all Pharaoli's horses, his cha- 
 riots, and his horsemen. 
 
 15 And it came to pass, that 
 in the morning watch the Lord 
 looked unto the host of the 
 Egyptians through the pillar of 
 fire and of the cloud, and trou- 
 bled the host of the Egyptians, 
 
 16 And took off their cha- 
 riot wheels, that they drave 
 them heavily : so that the 
 Egyptians said. Let us flee 
 from the face of Israel ; for 
 the Lord fighteth for them 
 against the Egyptians. 
 
 17 HAnd the Lord said 
 unto Moses, Stretch out thy 
 hand over the sea, that the 
 waters may come again upon 
 the Egyptian.s, upon their cha- 
 riots, and upon their horsemen. 
 
 18 And Moses stretched 
 forth his hand over the sea, 
 and the sea returnd to his 
 strength when the morning 
 appeared ; and the Egyptians 
 fled against it ; and the Lord 
 overthrew the Egyptians in 
 the midst of the sea. 
 
 19 And the waters returned, 
 and covered the chariots, and 
 the hoi*semen, and all the host 
 of Pharaoh that came into the 
 sea after them; there remained 
 not so much as one of them.
 
 Moftes' song of deliverance. 
 
 Chap. xi. 
 
 Moses' song of deliverance. 
 
 A.M. 20 But the children of Israel 
 
 2513, walked upon dry land in the 
 midst of the sea ; and the wa- 
 ters were a wall unto them on 
 their right hand, and on their 
 left. 
 
 21 Thus the Lord saved Is- 
 rael that day out of the hand 
 of the Pjgiyptians ; and Israel 
 saw the Egyptians dead upon 
 the sea shore. 
 
 22 And Israel saw that great 
 work which the Lord did upon 
 the Egyptians : and the people 
 feared the Lord, and believed 
 the Lord, and his servant 
 Moses. 
 
 23 ^ Then sang Moses and 
 the children of Israel this song 
 unto the Lord, and spake, say- 
 ing, I will sing unto the Lord, 
 for he hath triumphed glorious- 
 ly : the horse and his rider hath 
 he thrown into the sea. 
 
 24 The Lord is my strength 
 and song, and he is become my 
 salvation : he is my God, and 
 I will prepare him an habita- 
 tion ; my father's God, and I 
 will exalt him. 
 
 25 The Lord is a man of 
 war : the Lord is his name. 
 
 26 Pharaoh's chariots and 
 his host hath he cast into the 
 sea : his chosen captains also 
 are drowned in the Red Sea. 
 
 27 The depths have covered 
 them : they sank into the bot- 
 tom as a stone. 
 
 28 Thy right hand, O Lord, 
 is become glorious in power : 
 thy right hand, O Lord, hath 
 dashed in pieces the enemy. 
 
 19 
 
 29 And in the greatness of A. M. 
 thine excellency thou hast over- 2613. 
 thrown them that rose up 
 against thee : thou .-endest forth 
 
 thy wrath, which consumed 
 them as stubble. 
 
 30 And with the blast of thy 
 nostrils the waters were gather- 
 ed together, the floods stood 
 upright as an heap, and the 
 depths were congealed in the 
 heart of the sea. 
 
 31 The enemy said, I will 
 pursue, I will overtake, I will 
 divide the spoil ; my lust shall 
 be satisfied upon them ; I will 
 draw my sword, my hand shall 
 destrov them. 
 
 32 thou didst blow with thy 
 wind, the sea covered them : 
 they sank as lead in the mighty 
 waters. 
 
 33 Who is Hke unto thee, O 
 Lord, among the gods ? who 
 is like thee, glorious in holiness, 
 feai'ful in praises, doing won- 
 ders. 
 
 34 Thou stretchedst out thy 
 right hand, the earth swallow- 
 ed them. 
 
 35 Thou in thy mercy hast 
 led forth the people which thou 
 hast redeemed : thou hast guided 
 them in thy strength unto thy 
 holy habitation. 
 
 36 The people shall hear, 
 and be afraid : sorrow shall 
 take hold on the inhabitants of 
 Palestina. 
 
 37 Then the dukes of Edom 
 shall be amazed ; the mighty 
 men of Moab, trembhng, shall 
 take hold upon them ; all the
 
 Moses' song of deliverance. 
 
 J A S H E R. TTie people relieved by Miriam. 
 
 A. M. inhabitants of Canaan shall 
 2513. melt away. 
 
 38 Fear and dread shall fall 
 upon them ; by the greatness 
 of thine arm they shall be as 
 still as a stone ; till thy people 
 pass over, O Lord, till the peo- 
 ple pass over, which thou hast 
 purchased. 
 
 39 Thou shalt bring them 
 in, and plant them in the 
 mountain of thine inheritance, 
 in the place, O Lord, which 
 thou hast made for thee to 
 dwell in ; in the Sanctuary, O 
 Lord, which thy hands have 
 establibhed. 
 
 40 The Lord shall reign for 
 ever and ever. 
 
 41 For the horse of Pharaoh 
 went in M'ith his chariots, and 
 with his horsemen into the sea, 
 and the Lord brought again the 
 waters of the sea upon them; 
 but the children of Israel went 
 on dry land in the midst of the 
 sea.] 
 
 CHAP XIL 
 
 1 T/te Israeli/en go three days' jour- 
 ney from (he Red Sea. 4 They 
 faint for want of water. 8 /ire 
 relieved by the observation of 
 Miriam. 22 She excites them to 
 till the ground. 34 The place is 
 called Elyma. 
 
 1 A^^ '*' ^^™6 to pass, after 
 the children of Israel had 
 rested for seven days, that Mo- 
 ses said unto the elders : 
 
 2 Let us go three days' jour- 
 ney into the wilderness, lest 
 20 
 
 we become an eye-sore unto A. M. 
 the Egyptians. 2513. 
 
 3 And the children of Israel, 
 even all the people, journeyed. 
 
 4 And it came to pass on 
 the third day, on the evening 
 thereof, that the people fainted 
 for want of water. 
 
 6 And they cried unto Mo- 
 ses, and they said. Give us to 
 drink, lest we die, 
 
 6 And Moses was vexed, 
 because of the thirst of the 
 children of Israel. 
 
 7 And Moses said unto Mi- 
 riam, his sister, Lo ! what shall 
 I do, lest the people faint for 
 want of water. 
 
 8 And Miriam said unto 
 Moses, Go thou with me, and 
 I will shew unto thee a well 
 of water, which lieth eastward 
 of the camp of the children of 
 Israel : a spring which oozeth 
 under the shadow of a tree. 
 
 9 And Moses went with his 
 sister ; and Aaron, and Jasher 
 went also : and they came unto 
 the tree. 
 
 10 And when Moses saw 
 the oozing, he said unto Mi- 
 riam, What is this to the peo- 
 ple of Israel. 
 
 11 And Miriam said, Dig: 
 and lo the oozing became as a 
 rivulet. 
 
 12 And Moses, Aaron, and 
 Jasher were astonished. 
 
 13 Then Miriam said. Fol- 
 low the stream. 
 
 14 And they came unto a 
 place, where there were twelve 
 wells of water.
 
 Miriam's counsel to till the ground. Chap. xii. 
 
 The Israelites listen to Miriam. 
 
 A. M. 15 And the people sojour- 
 
 2613. neyed there : and the elders of 
 Israel said unto Miriam, 
 
 16 Behold ! thou hast re- 
 freshed the tribes of Jacob, 
 when they fainted for want of 
 water ; thou hast led us into 
 the valley of the palm-trees. 
 
 17 Say now unto us, that 
 which shall be pleasing unto 
 thee ; and that will we do. 
 
 18 And Miriam said. Re- 
 member now the words of 
 Pharaoh when he spake unto 
 us, Why covet ye to take with 
 you your flocks, and your cat- 
 tle, for they cannot be sustain- 
 ed in the wilderness. 
 
 19 Nevertheless, O my bre- 
 thren, unto this day have I sus- 
 tained the male and the female 
 of every flock, and of every 
 herd, and of every fowl, which 
 I brought out of the land of 
 Goshen. 
 
 20 And this day do I deliver 
 them unto the children of Is- 
 rael, thera^ and their young 
 ones, that they may increase 
 and multiply, and be food for 
 this people. 
 
 21 For behold! the place that 
 we are in is barren^ and how 
 long we shall dwell therein is 
 not known unto man. 
 
 22 Up then, and let us till 
 the ground : let us cultivate the 
 land, that we perish not. 
 
 23 Let us bend the bow, 
 let us slay the wild beasts of 
 the field : peradventure it shall 
 come to pass, that the earth 
 shall bring forth of its increase, 
 
 21 
 
 and the beasts of the field shall A. M. 
 become food for us, and for 2513. 
 our children. 
 
 24 Then answered the el- 
 ders of the children of Israel, 
 and said : 
 
 25 All that Miriam hath 
 spoken, that will we do. 
 
 26 Only how shall be sus- 
 tained, we, our wives, and 
 our children, until the earth 
 give of its increase. 
 
 27 And Miriam said, With 
 the silver and gold ye brought 
 out of Egypt, send and buy of 
 
 the nations, on this side °Jor- . y/^j ,1,^ 
 dan, oxen, and cattle, and '(ream. 
 corn, for you, and your chil- 
 dren. 
 
 28 Moreover, as I journey- 
 ed on to the eastward, lo, I 
 saw trees bearing fruit, and an 
 herb of the field, of which I 
 took, and did eat. 
 
 29 ^And it came to pass on 
 the raorroviT^, that certain men 
 of Israel arose, and went east- 
 ward, and found all things 
 even as Miriam had spoken 
 unto them. 
 
 30 And they brought of the 
 fruit thereof, and the people 
 did eat daily, and were satis- 
 fied. 
 
 31 And they sent chosen 
 
 men into ''Rephidim, and they .^^j ,,„ ^,,. 
 bought oxen and sheep, and 'ey- 
 corn and oil, and wine. 
 
 32 Then arose Caleb, with 
 allthose who shot with the bow, 
 and they slew the beasts of the 
 field, even the wild beasts there- 
 of, according as Miriam had 
 commanded them.
 
 Aloses sends Caleb to Rephidim. 
 
 A. M. 33 And the place thereof 
 
 2624, was called 'Elyma, because the 
 r.^^ '"'"^° people were there refreshed 
 with water, and because Mi- 
 riam had chosen it for the 
 sojourning of the children of 
 Israel. 
 
 34 And in process of time 
 the children of Israel spread 
 themselves from Elyma, even 
 to Dopkah, unto the borders 
 of the valley of Rephidim, and 
 unto the land of Nebaioth. 
 
 35 And they dug ditches, 
 and they planted trees, and 
 they sowed corn. ' 
 
 36 But they built them no 
 houses; under tents in the open 
 fields did they dwell. 
 
 CHAP. XIIT. 
 
 1 Moses sends spies into Rephidim. 
 1 Sends Caleb to fight agaiHsl 
 Rephidim. 6 Miriam her propo- 
 sal to Moses. 10 Joshua pushes 
 the AmaLkites out of (he land. 
 
 1 lyOW it came to pass, that 
 2532. Moses spake unto the 
 
 ciders of Israel, and he said. 
 Behold, I have sent out spies 
 into Rephidim, to search out 
 the land. 
 ■Or. tueiicker. 2 And' lo "AmaleW dwelleth 
 there, and the children of 
 Amalek have built them houses 
 in Rephidim ; they have got- 
 ten also flocks, and much 
 cattle and possessions. 
 
 3 Up, let us drive them out 
 of the land, that we may in- 
 herit it : for to drive out, and 
 to take possession of the lands 
 22 
 
 J ASHER. 
 
 Miriam her counsel. 
 
 of the Gentiles are we come up A. M. 
 out of the land of Egypt, out 2532. 
 of the house of bondage. 
 
 4 And Moses said unto Ca- 
 leb, Go thou and ''Joshua, with ''^'*- *''• ''•"- 
 the chosen men of the bow, 
 
 up unto Rephidim, and fight 
 against Amalek. 
 
 5 Behold they are but as a 
 handful of men ; Israel shall 
 swallow them up. 
 
 6 Then spake Miriam unto 
 Moses, and said, Send messen- 
 gers unto Amalek, peradven- 
 ture, when he understandeth 
 the intentions of the children 
 of Israel, he will go quietly 
 out of the land. 
 
 7 For it is now upwards of 
 four hundred years since our 
 fathers dwelt in Canaan : these 
 people know us not, neither 
 regard they the claim of us 
 their children, 
 
 8 Say therefore unto the in- 
 habitants of Rephidim : I will 
 buy with a price all the flocks, 
 the cattle, the herds, and pos- 
 sessions ye are possessed of. 
 
 9 That they may have silver 
 and gold, to buy food and rai- 
 ment in the lands wherein they 
 shall be strangers. 
 
 10 And Moses sent Jasher 
 unto Amalek, saying, Rephi- 
 dim have 1 chosen for the ha- 
 bitation of the children of 
 Israel ; depart thou from 
 thence, for to-morrow before 
 the sun setteth will I possess it. 
 
 11 Only this thing will I 
 do, if it shall come to pass, 
 that you, and your people go
 
 Jethro and Moses meet. 
 
 Chap. xiv. 
 
 His advice to Moses. 
 
 A. M. quietly out of the valley : then 
 
 2532. will I buy with a price all the 
 
 flocks, the cattle, the herds 
 
 and possessions ye are possessed 
 
 12 And Amalek said unto 
 Jasher, What nieaneth Moses 
 the stranger! Have I done any 
 wi'ong unto the descendants of 
 Jacob ? Will they take from 
 me that which is my own, the 
 land of the Amalekites? 
 
 13 And Jasher returned un- 
 to Moses, and unto the elders 
 of Israel : and told them all 
 that Amalek had spoken. 
 
 14 And Moses called unto 
 Joshua, and he commanded 
 him, saying- : Go out, fight 
 against Amalek, smite them 
 with the edge of the sword. 
 
 16 For they have rebelled 
 against us ; they have not in 
 the least hearkened unto the 
 words of Jacob. 
 
 16 ^And Caleb and Joshua, 
 with chosen men of the host 
 of Israel, went up against 
 Rephidim ,• and they pushed 
 the Amalekites out of that 
 laud. 
 
 1 
 
 CHAP. XIV. 
 
 Jethro brings Zipporah to Moses. 
 4 Wlio meets •Jctlvro at viuunt Ho- 
 reb. 10 Jet/tro advises Aloses to 
 appoint judges and rulers over tlie 
 people, a7id 32 to give ffiem laws 
 and ordinances. 
 
 1 
 
 ^ND it came to pass, 
 when Jethro saw that 
 Moses, his son-in-law, was be- 
 23 
 
 come a prince unto the He- A. M. 
 brews, that he had brought 2633. 
 them up out of the land of 
 Egypt into the wilderness, and 
 that he had driven out the 
 Amalekites, and possessed him- 
 self of their city, and all the 
 country of Rephidim : 
 
 2 That he went out to 
 meet Moses : and there went 
 with him Zijjporah and her 
 two children whom Moses had 
 sent back. 
 
 3 And Jethro came, and his 
 daughter, and her two chil- 
 dren : and they encamped at 
 
 the foot of mount "Horeb. ■//«*. drought. 
 
 4 And Moses departed from 
 
 the wilderness of "'Zin : to meet "mi,, ebony. 
 
 his father-in-law at mount Ho- 
 
 reb. 
 
 6 And Jethro said unto Mo- 
 ses, Behold I am thy father- 
 in-law : this, my daughter 
 Zipporah, thou knowest is thy 
 wife, and these are thy two 
 children : take them unto thy 
 self, as thou hast covenanted 
 with me. 
 
 6 And Moses and Jethro 
 were friends. 
 
 7 ^ And it came to pass, 
 that Moses told Jethro all that 
 he had done in Egypt : that he 
 had led the children of Israel 
 through the Red Sea, and had 
 brought them into the wilder- 
 ness. 
 
 8 And this I say unto you. 
 Behold, lift up your eyes, for 
 the number of the children of 
 Jacob exceed the number of 
 thy people : and their dwell-
 
 Jetkro delivers unto Moses 
 
 J A S H E R. 
 
 divers laws and ordinances. 
 
 A. M. ings are from Ely ma, even 
 2633. until thou comest into the val- 
 ley of Rephidini. 
 
 9 And Jethro said. Thou 
 hast spoken truly : thy people 
 are a great people, and their 
 number are without tale. 
 
 10 Now therefore hearken 
 thou unto the voice of Jethro 
 thy father : Write thou with 
 a pen all those things which I 
 shall now say unto thee. 
 
 11 For lo at this time thou 
 judgeth the people daily : 
 which thing is too heavy for 
 thee, thou art not able to per- 
 forni it alone. 
 
 12 Set over all Israel, rulers 
 of thousands, and rulers of 
 hundreds, and rulers of fifties. 
 
 13 And let them judge the 
 people at all seasons appointed 
 to their charge : they shall 
 judge of all the small matters; 
 the great ones shall the people 
 bring unto thee. 
 
 14 So shall the weight there- 
 of sit easier on thy shoulders, 
 and the people shall have thee 
 and thy office in greater esteem. 
 
 16 For it will so fall out, 
 that all those whom thou shalt 
 make judges over the people, 
 will hearken unto all things 
 which thou shalt speak unto 
 them. 
 
 16 And it shall come to 
 pass, after thou hast done all 
 this, that thou shalt teach them 
 laws and ordinances, that thou 
 mayesl direct them in the way 
 that thy people should walk, 
 and in the duties that they 
 must do. 24 
 
 17 Thou shalt say unto the 
 children of Jacob, even before 
 the elders thereof: 
 
 18 Ye shall set apart every 
 seventh day, for a day of rest : 
 ye shall not work therein, nei- 
 ther thou, nor thy wife, nor thy 
 son, nor thy daughter, nor thy 
 man-servant, nor thy maid-ser- 
 vant, nor thy cattle : 
 
 19 For on that day, ye shall 
 rest from your labour: ye shall 
 bring offerings of your cattle, 
 your Hocks, and your herds, 
 and of your fowls. 
 
 20 And the priests shall slay 
 them before the congregation : 
 and the flesh thereof shall ye 
 roast with fire, and the people 
 shall eat thereof. 
 
 21 And on that day shall the 
 priests rehearse in the ears of 
 all Israel, all the wonders which 
 ye have received from your 
 forefathers : the mighty things 
 which thou hast done in the 
 land of Egypt : and all those 
 laws and ordinances, thou shalt 
 appoint unto this people to ob- 
 serve. 
 
 22 Thou shalt say unto the 
 children of Israel : 
 
 23 Ye shall not use Tera- 
 phiin, neither shall ye worship 
 any one of the gods of the na- 
 tions : the Lord, the maker of 
 heaven and earth, shall ye only 
 worship, 
 
 24 Ye shall not speak evil 
 of the maker of all things. 
 
 25 Ye shall reverence the 
 hoary head. 
 
 26 Ye shall not smite any 
 
 A.M. 
 2533.
 
 Divers laws and ordinances. 
 
 Chap. xv. 
 
 Miriam is imprisoned. 
 
 A. M, one man so that he die : he that 
 2533. does, shall die the death, and 
 his name shall be forgotten. 
 
 27 Ye shall not evil speak 
 of, nor slander any one of the 
 children of Jacob. 
 
 28 Ye shall not covet that 
 which appertaineth unto ano- 
 ther. 
 
 29 Ye shall not do after the 
 abominations of the Egyptians : 
 your sons shall not uncover the 
 nakedness of your daughters. 
 
 30 Ye shall not uncover the 
 nakedness of a woman during 
 her uncleanness. 
 
 31 Ye shall not uncover the 
 nakedness of the virgin be- 
 trothed : neither shalt thou go 
 in unto a woman who is the 
 wife of another. 
 
 32 ^ And Jethro said unto 
 Moses : Moreover, thou shalt 
 teach the children of Israel 
 such other statutes and ordi- 
 nances, which thou, and the 
 judges thou shalt appoint, shall 
 find needful. 
 
 33 And Jethro returned in- 
 to Midian : and Moses departed 
 for the valley of Rephidim; 
 
 CHAP. XV. 
 
 1 Moses atlem'pls to appoint jtidges ; 
 4 is opposed l)y Miriam. 7 He is 
 angry with her. 8 Miriam is im- 
 prisoned ; 9 on ichich the people 
 rise and demand her. 1 1 She is 
 set at liberty, and the people re- 
 joice. 15 Miriam dies, and the 
 people mourn. 16 Her character. 
 
 2634 ^ A.-^^ ^^ came to pass, that 
 Moses assembled the el- 
 25 
 
 ders and all the children of A. M. 
 Israel together, nigh unto 2534. 
 mount ^ Sinai. .wei.^atchM. 
 
 2 And Moses said unto the 
 people : Choose ye out from 
 among you, seventy men, ac- 
 cording to your tribes, that 
 they may judge for you. 
 
 3 That there may be rulers 
 of thousands, rulers of hun- 
 dreds, and rulers of fifties. 
 
 4 And Miriam arose and 
 said. Shall Jethro instruct the 
 Hebrews ? Ai-e the children 
 of Jacob without understand- 
 ing? 
 
 5 Are the customs of the 
 Midianites to be brought in 
 among us ? Are we to forsake 
 the good old paths in which 
 our fathers, even Abraham, 
 Isaac, and Jacob, have trod. 
 
 6 And the voice of the tribes 
 of the congregation were on 
 the side of Miriam. 
 
 7 And the anger of Moses 
 was greatly kindled against 
 Miriam : and Moses sought to 
 cut Miriam off from the con- 
 gregation. 
 
 8 And Moses hid Miriam 
 for seven days ; and the con- 
 gregation wotted not what was 
 come unto her. 
 
 9 And the people of Israel 
 gathered themselves together 
 unto Moses, and said : 
 
 10 Bring forth unto us Mi- 
 riam, our counsellor, for ac- 
 cording to all she hath spoken 
 we will do. 
 
 11 Then Moses brought forth 
 Miriam, and presented her be- 
 fore the congregation. e
 
 Moses takes Jelhro's advice. 
 
 J ASHE R. 
 
 Judges and riders appointed. 
 
 A. M. 
 2634. 
 
 2539. 
 
 2540. 
 
 12 And when the people saw 
 Miriam that she was well, they 
 rejoiced greatly, with exceed- 
 ing great joy. 
 
 13 And ail the days of Mi- 
 riam, the children of Israel did 
 according to all the words of 
 Abraham, of Isaac, and of 
 Jacob. 
 
 14 51 And Miriam went and 
 dwelt in Kadesh. 
 
 15 And Miriam died there. 
 And the children of Israel 
 mourned for Miriam forty 
 days ; neither did any man 
 go forth of his dwelling. 
 
 16 ^ And the lamentation 
 was great ; for after Miriam 
 arose up no one like unto her 
 of the daughters of Jacob : no, 
 not even unto this day. 
 
 17 And the fame thereof 
 went out into all the lands of 
 the Gentiles; yea, throughout 
 all Canaan. And the nations 
 feared greatly. 
 
 CHAP. XVI. 
 
 2 Moses lakes Jethrd's advice. 5 He 
 huilds an altar. 6 Twelve young 
 men chosen ; J who slay the offer- 
 ings. 1 1 Heventy elders chosen. 
 13 Moses and the seventy elders 
 go tip mount Sinai. 
 
 ] A.^^ ^^ came to pass after 
 the lamentation for Miri- 
 am was over, that Jethro came 
 unto mount Sinai, and he spake 
 unto Moses, saying : 
 
 2 Thus saith Jethro, the 
 
 priest of Midian, Thou shalt 
 
 appoint rulers of the people, 
 
 according to all that whicn I 
 
 26 
 
 have spoken unto you at the A. M. 
 foot of Horeb. 2640. 
 
 3 And Moses hearkened un- 
 to the words of Jethro, his 
 father-in-law : and he obe^'ed 
 his voice in all that he had 
 commanded him. 
 
 4 ^ And Moses said unto 
 
 "Nadab and ''Abihu, the sons •//«*. popuUr. 
 of Aaron: Go to now, and '"'* ■"'"'^'J 
 build ye an altar, even as Je- 
 thro hath dictated unto you. 
 
 5 And Nadab and Abihu 
 builded an altar nigh unto 
 mount Sinai, even as Jethro 
 had dictated : and they set up 
 twelve pillars, according to the 
 number of the tribes of the 
 children of Israel. 
 
 6 And Moses chose out from 
 among the congregation, 
 twelve young men ; men of 
 strength and renown. 
 
 7 And Moses commanded 
 them, saying : Behold the peo- 
 ple have brought oxen and 
 sheep for a peace-offering, 
 slay them before the altar, 
 and roast the flesh thereof 
 with fire, that the people 
 may eat of the fat thereof, 
 and be satisfied. 
 
 8 And the young men, the 
 priests, did so : and the con- 
 gregation did eat before Sinai, 
 and the people were well pleas- 
 ed. 
 
 9 And Moses stood forth 
 and said. The work is great, 
 and the number of the chil- 
 dren of Israel, the Lord, the 
 God of our fathers, hath mul- 
 tiplied exceedingly : and he
 
 Jethro meets Moses at Sinai. 
 
 Chap. xvii. 
 
 Jethro^s advice to the Israelites. 
 
 A. M. 
 
 2640. 
 
 'Heb. clothed 
 in white. 
 
 will increase them daily, even 
 until their number shall be as 
 the stars of the firmament. 
 
 10 It is meet therefore that 
 ye choose out from among you, 
 seventy elders, that they may 
 assist me, and Aaron, and Jo- 
 shua, and Nadab, and Abihu, 
 the servants of the Lord. 
 
 1 1 And the congregation did 
 as Moses had spoken. 
 
 12 ^ And in those days it 
 came to pass, that Moses spake 
 unto Aaron, and unto ' Hur, 
 saying : 
 
 13 Stay ye with the people 
 here, and judge them, for lo, 
 I shall go up on the mount 
 with Joshua, Nadab, and Abi- 
 hu, and the elders ; and we 
 shall stay there forty days and 
 forty nights. 
 
 14 ^ And I, Jasher, the son 
 of Caleb, bare the rod before 
 Moses and Joshua, and the se- 
 venty elders of the people. 
 
 CHAP. XVII. 
 
 1 Jethro meets Moses on mount St- 
 nai. 5 Jethro's counsel, concern- 
 ing building the tabernacle. 
 
 9 Inatitution of the priesthood. 
 
 10 Aaron's family is chosen. 
 
 1 1 Holi/ vestments appointed. 
 
 12 The ark. \\ The people mur- 
 mur. 21 Moses, his proposal. 
 22 Nadab and Abihu only dis- 
 sent. 24 Moses descends from 
 the mount. 28 The tribe of Levi 
 m,ade holy. 
 
 1 
 
 It 
 
 ]\0W 
 
 the morrow 
 met Moses, Joshua, Nadab, 
 27 
 
 came to pass on 
 , that Jethro 
 
 Abihu, and the seventy elders, 
 on the mount ; and the trumpet 
 sounded. 
 
 2 And Jethro said unto 
 Moses, Thou hast done well : 
 in that thou hast chosen out 
 wise men to be counsellors 
 unto thee, 
 
 3 And Jethro bowed him- 
 self before Moses, Joshua, Na- 
 dab, and Abihu, and before 
 the seventy elders. 
 
 4 ^ And on the second 
 day, about the ninth hour 
 thereof, the trumpet sounded, 
 and Jethro, Moses' father-in- 
 law, stood forth and said : 
 
 5 Behold, thus saith Jethro, 
 the son of " Esau, the priest of 
 Midian : It is meet, O Israel ! 
 that ye build a tabernacle for 
 the God, the maker of heaven 
 and of earth ; even for the 
 God of Abraham, the God 
 of Isaac, and the God of Ja- 
 cob, that ye may serve the 
 Lord, who hath delivered ye 
 out of the hands of the Egyp- 
 tians, and from the dangers of 
 the Red Sea. 
 
 6 Then Moses, Joshua, Na- 
 dab, and Abihu, and the se- 
 venty elders, answered Jethro, 
 and said : 
 
 7 The Lord, our God, hath 
 been merciful unto us : and 
 the light of his countenance 
 hath shone upon us. 
 
 8 Then Jethro instructed 
 Moses in what manner, and in 
 what form, and with what ma- 
 terials he should build the taber- 
 nacle of the Lord of Hosts. 
 
 A. M. 
 2543. 
 
 'H(b. the hairy
 
 The tabernacle and ark. 
 
 JASHER. 
 
 7%e Israelites murmur. 
 
 A.M. 9 And thus saith Jethro: 
 
 2543. When ye have builded the ta- 
 bernacle, ye shall appoint 
 priests to minister before the 
 Lord : according to the tribes 
 of the children of Israel, shall 
 ye appoint. 
 
 10 And Moses, Joshua, Na- 
 dab, and Abihu, and the seventy 
 elders, said: Let Aaron and 
 his sons be set apart as sancti- 
 fied unto the Lord. 
 
 11 Then said Jethro unto 
 Moses, Thou shalt put upon 
 Aaron and his sons, the gar- 
 ments which thou hast seen, 
 that they may be a holy priest- 
 hood unto the Lord, the God 
 of Israel. 
 
 12 Moreover, ye shall build 
 an ark unto the Lord, vi^herein 
 ye shall lay up before the Lord 
 the testimony ; even the wri- 
 tings of the laws and ordinances 
 which ye shall receive. 
 
 13 And it came to pass, 
 when the forty days were ful- 
 filled, wherein Jethro com- 
 muned with Moses, Joshua, 
 and the seventy elders, that all 
 the statutes and the ordinances 
 to be observed, were written in 
 a book of remembrance. 
 
 14 1 And it came to pass, 
 whilst Moses, Joshua, Nadab, 
 and Abihu, and the seventy 
 elders, tarried in the mount, 
 that the people murmured, 
 and they said one among ano- 
 ther, 
 
 16 Whether is it better, 
 that we be the subjects of the 
 Egyptians whom we know : 
 28 
 
 Up^ let us return thither, we, A. M. 
 our wives, and our children : 2543. 
 or become the slaves, and walk 
 after the laws and customs of • 
 Jethro, the Midianite, whom 
 we know not ? 
 
 16 And the people spake 
 unto Aaron, saying: Moses, 
 who, by his cunning, hath 
 brought us up out of the land 
 of Egypt, now seeketh to 
 make himself a king and a 
 ruler over us. 
 
 17 And Aaron answered 
 the people, and he said : On 
 the morning of the third day, 
 ye shall assemble according to 
 your tribes, and I will do all 
 that which ye shall then speak 
 unto me. 
 
 18 ^ Then Aaron sent mes- 
 sengers unto Moses, Joshua, 
 Nadab, and Abihu, and the 
 seventy elders, on the mount, 
 and they spake before them, 
 saying : 
 
 19 Thus saith Aaron, thy 
 brother, because ye tarry on 
 the mount, the people mur- 
 mur, and say, Whether is it 
 better, that we be the subjects 
 of the Egyptians whom we 
 know : Up, let us return thi- 
 ther, we, our wives, and our 
 children ; or become the slaves, 
 and walk after the laws and cus- 
 toms of Jethro, the Midianite, 
 whom we know not ? 
 
 20 And when Moses had 
 heard these things he was ex- 
 ceeding wroth. 
 
 21 f Then Moses, after he 
 had sent away the messengers.
 
 Moses comes from the mount. 
 
 Chap, xviii. 
 
 Nadab and Abihu rebel. 
 
 A. M. spake unto Joshua, Nadab, 
 2543. and Abihu, and the seventy 
 elders : 
 
 22 Behold, thus it behoveth 
 us to say unto the people : We 
 have seen the Lord in the 
 mount, we have ate and drank 
 in his presence, and the words 
 which he hath spoken unto us, 
 they are those which we now 
 deliver unto you. 
 
 23 And the saying of Mo- 
 ses was pleasing unto Joshua, 
 and unto the seventy elders : 
 but unto Nadab and Abihu it 
 was not pleasing, 
 
 24 And Nadab and Abihu 
 were cut off from the assem- 
 bly : and they hastened into 
 the camp of the children of 
 Israel, which lay at the foot of 
 mount Sinai. 
 
 25 T And it came to pass 
 on the fortieth morning after 
 Moses, Joshua, and the seven- 
 ty elders had gone up on the 
 mount, that the trumpet 
 sounded : and Moses, Joshua, 
 and the seventy elders, assay- 
 ed to come down from the 
 mount. 
 
 26 And as they descended, 
 Joshua spake unto Moses, and 
 said, Lo, Nadnb and Abihu 
 have joined themselves unto 
 the people : and the voice of 
 the people seemeth as the voice 
 of rebellion. 
 
 27 And it was told unto 
 Moses, and unto Joshua, say- 
 ing. The voice of the people 
 is the voice of shouting, and 
 of great joy : lo, Aaron, Hur, 
 
 29 
 
 Nadab, and Abihu stand up 
 before the people. 
 
 28 ^ Then Moses called for 
 Aaron, and he said unto him. 
 The Lord hath chosen thee, 
 and thy sons, to minister before 
 the Lord, in the tabernacle 
 which ye shall build. 
 
 29 Separate therefore your- 
 selves, thou, and thy sons, even 
 all the tribe uf Levi, that ye 
 may be a holy priesthood unto 
 the Lord. 
 
 30 And Moses came down 
 from the mount : he, and Joshua, 
 and the seventy elders of the 
 people. 
 
 CHAP. xvin. 
 
 3 Nadab and Abihu rebel. 6 The 
 Levi/es slay three thousand of the 
 people. 8 The people repent. 
 12 They build a tabernacle, 18 
 and an altar. 19 Aaron and his 
 sons are to be clothed. 
 
 1 A'^^ '^ came to pass on 
 ihe morrow, that Moses 
 stood before the people, at the 
 entrance into the camp, and he 
 said : 
 
 2 Who is on the Lord's 
 side ? Let him come forth of 
 the camp. 
 
 3 And Aaron, and all the 
 sons of the tribe of Levi, ex- 
 cept Nadab and Abihu, came 
 forth of the camp, and stood 
 before Moses. 
 
 4 And Joshua said unto 
 Moses : Lo, the people have 
 spoken well of Nadab and 
 Abihu ; and they have eaten, 
 and they have drank, and be- 
 
 A M. 
 2543.
 
 Three thousand of the people s/ain. J A S H E R. 
 
 TTie tabernacle built. 
 
 A. M. hold, now they are risen up to 
 
 2643. play. 
 
 6 5!^ Then said Moses unto 
 the sons of Levi, even unto all 
 the tribe thereof: Gird on each 
 man his sword, and go ye 
 through the camp, and slay ye 
 the froward, even every man 
 his friend. 
 
 6 And they did so : and 
 they slew Nadab and Abihu, 
 the sons of Aaron, with three 
 thousand of the people. 
 
 7 But Aaron held his 
 peace. 
 
 8 51 And it came to pass, 
 when the slaughter was over^ 
 that the children of Israel 
 humbled themselves, and they 
 said : 
 
 ■Or, ruler. 9 All that the ° Lord shall 
 
 say unto us, that will we do. 
 
 10 And the people sent 
 messengers unto Moses, and 
 unto Aaron, and unto Joshua, 
 and unto the seventy elders, 
 saying- : 
 
 1 1 We have done wrong ; 
 we have sinned ; intreat ye for 
 
 us. 
 
 12 And Moses said, Thus 
 saith the Lord, Ye shall build 
 a tabernacle unto my name, 
 wherein my honour shall 
 dwell. 
 
 .//di.according 13 " Bczaliel and ' Aholiab 
 to the pattern of q^q eudued with understand- 
 
 the Lord. , • ii r „ 1 
 
 '//f». the build- mg, in all manner ot work- 
 " manship, in cunning works, 
 
 in works of gold, and in works 
 of silver : lo, they shall build 
 the tabernacle according to all 
 that I shall say unto them. 
 30 
 
 14 And Bezaliel and Aho- A. M. 
 liab built the tabernacle for 2543. 
 the congregation ; with the 
 offerings of the children of 
 Israel, even of gold, of sil- 
 ver, of brass, and of fine 
 linen. 
 
 16 1[ This is my sanctuary : 
 and I will dwell among my 
 people from this day forth, 
 for evermore. 
 
 16 5[ And it came to pass, 
 that Moses went into the ta- 
 bernacle, in the sight of all 
 the children of Israel. 
 
 17 And Moses came forth 
 to the door of the tabernacle, 
 and spake before the congrega- 
 tion, and said : 
 
 18 Thus saith the Lord, 
 Ye shall build an altar before 
 the door of the tabernacle : 
 and ye shall offer thereon 
 burnt-offerings, and lambs, and 
 kids of a year old : and Aaron 
 and his sons shall minister be- 
 fore me. 
 
 19 51 And thus shalt thou 
 clothe Aaron : Thou shalt put 
 upon Aaron, the coat, the 
 ephod, the breast-plate, the 
 mitre, and the crown. 
 
 20 And on his sons, even 
 on all (he males of the tribe 
 of Levi, who are able to stand 
 before the congregation, ye 
 shall put on coats, girdles, and 
 bonnets. 
 
 21 Thus shall ye consecrate 
 Aaron and his sons: and they 
 shall minister before me for 
 ever.
 
 Moses reads the law. 
 
 Chap. xix. 
 
 Laws and ordinances. 
 
 A.M. 
 
 2644. 
 
 CHAP. XIX. 
 
 1 Moses reads the law before the 
 congregation. V] They promise 
 to observe the ordinances and 
 statutes. 
 
 1 A^"^ '* came to pass on 
 the morrow, that Mo- 
 ses read before the congrega- 
 tion, out of the book of the 
 covenant, the statutes and 
 ordinances which the Lord 
 had appointed unto the children 
 of Israel to observe. 
 
 2 And jNIoses said. Thus 
 saith the Lord, the God of 
 Abraham, the God of Isaac, 
 and the God of Jacob : I am 
 the Lord, thy God, with my 
 outstretched arm have I deli- 
 vered ye from the bondage of 
 the Egyptians; ye shall wor- 
 ship no other god beside me. 
 
 3 The likeness of the Lord, 
 thy God, thou shalt not make, 
 either in gold, in silver, in 
 brass, or in wood : thou shalt 
 not use Teraphim in thy dwel- 
 lings, saith the Lord. 
 
 4 Sacred and holy shall my 
 name be, in the mouths of this 
 congregation : and in the 
 mouths of your sons, and your 
 sons' sons, throughout all ge- 
 nerations. 
 
 5 Ye shall set apart every 
 seventh day, for a day of rest: 
 thou shalt not work therein, 
 neither thou, thy wife, nor 
 thy son, nor thy daughter, nor 
 thy man-servant, nor thy maid- 
 servant, nor thy cattle, nor the 
 
 31 
 
 stranger that shall be within 
 thy gate. 
 
 6 For on that day, thou 
 shalt rest from thy labour : 
 and on that day thou shalt 
 bring offerings of thy cattle, 
 of thy flocks, of thy herds, 
 and of thy fowls. 
 
 7 And the priests shall slay 
 them before the congregation: 
 and the flesh thereof shall they 
 roast with fire. 
 
 8 And on that day shall the 
 priest rehearse in the ears of all 
 Israel, all the wonders done in 
 the land of Egypt, and in the 
 Red Sea. 
 
 9 Thou shalt reverence the 
 hoary head. 
 
 10 Thou shalt not smite 
 any man, so that he die : if 
 thou dost, thou shalt die the 
 death, and thy name shall be 
 forgotten. 
 
 11 Thou shalt not speak 
 evil of, nor slander any of the 
 children of Jacob. 
 
 12 Thou shalt not covet 
 that which is the property 
 of another. 
 
 13 Thou shalt not do after 
 the abominations of the Egyp- 
 tians : thou shalt not uncover 
 the nakedness of thy sister, she 
 is thy own flesh. 
 
 14 Thou shalt not uncover 
 the nakedness of a woman 
 during her uncleanness. 
 
 15 Thoa shalt not uncover 
 the nakedness of the virgin be- 
 trothed : neither shalt thou go 
 in unto a woman who is the 
 wife of another. 
 
 A. M. 
 2644.
 
 The ark is built. 
 
 J A S H E R. 
 
 The vessels of the tabernacle. 
 
 A. M. 16 ^ And when Moses had 
 
 2644. made an end of speaking, all 
 the people cried out with one 
 voice : 
 
 17 All these things which 
 the Lord hath commanded, 
 will we observe to do : we, and 
 our sons, and our sons' sons, for 
 ever. 
 
 CHAP XX. 
 
 2 T/ie ark is built. 5 The mcrnj- 
 seaf. 6 The table. 7 Tfie res- 
 sets. 8 Tfie incense-altar. 1 1 
 Ttie haiigings. 16 Priests to be 
 wit/toul blemish. 
 
 25-15. 1 A^D Moses said. Behold, 
 thus saith the Lord, 
 Ye shall build an ark unto the 
 Lord, and he shall put the ark 
 into the tabernacle of the con- 
 gregation : and he shall lay up 
 therein the words of the testi- 
 mony, which I have read this 
 day in the ears of all Israel, for 
 a perpetual memorial of the 
 covenant which the Lord hath 
 made with the posterity of Ja- 
 cob. 
 
 2 51 And Bezaliel and Aho- 
 liab made the ark according 
 to the pattern they had receiv- 
 ed of the Lord, on mount Si- 
 nai. 
 
 3 And the ark was of Shit- 
 tim-wood : two cubits and a 
 half was the length of it, and 
 a cubit and a half the breadth 
 of it, and the height a cubit 
 and a half. 
 
 4 And they made four rings 
 of gold, two on each side, and 
 they made two staves also : 
 
 32 
 
 that the priests might bear the A. M. 
 ark of the testimony before the 2546. 
 peojjle. 
 
 5 Then made they the mer- 
 cy-seat of pure gold, and the 
 cherubims at each corner 
 thereof: of pure gold did 
 they make them. 
 
 6 The table of Shittim- 
 wood made they, and they 
 overlaid it with gold : and 
 they cast four rings of gold, 
 and they made staves to bear 
 the table. 
 
 7 And the vessels of the ta- 
 ble, the dishes, the spoons, the 
 bowls, the covers, the candle- 
 sticks, the six branches there- 
 of; and the seven lamps, the 
 snuffers, and snuff-dishes, of 
 beaten gold were they made. 
 
 8 The incense-altar of Shit- 
 tim-wood was four-square, and 
 the horns thereof of the same, 
 overlaid with pure gold, with 
 rings and with staves to bear 
 it withal. 
 
 9 Of Shittim-wood also did 
 they make the altar of the 
 burnt-offering, and the horns 
 thereof, and the staves there- 
 of: and with brass did they 
 overlay it. 
 
 10 The pots, the shovels, 
 the basons, the fire-pans, the 
 grates, the four rings, the la- 
 ver, the twenty pillars with 
 their sockets : all of brass did 
 they make them. 
 
 11 And of fine linen were 
 made the hangings of the ta- 
 bernacle, and the hangings of 
 the gate of the court were of
 
 The Levites to be anointed. 
 
 Chap. xxi. 
 
 Korah's rebellion. 
 
 A. M. blue, of scarlet, and of pur- 
 2546. pie, wrought in needle-work, 
 by the virgins of Israel : ac- 
 cording to the pattern Moses 
 had received of the Lord, on 
 the mount. 
 
 12 For ihey brought unto 
 Moses, day by day, all the 
 work which they had done : 
 and Moses looked on the same, 
 that it might be done accord- 
 ing to all that the Lord had 
 commanded him. 
 
 13 IT And Moses said, Thus 
 hath the Lord spoken. Thou 
 shalt put the ark of the cove- 
 nant, the table, the mercy-seat, 
 with all the furniture thereof, 
 into the tabernacle of the con- 
 gregation. 
 
 14 Before the door of the 
 tabernacle shalt thou build the 
 altar, with the laver, and with 
 the hangings thereof : and 
 with oil shalt thou sanctify 
 them. 
 
 15 Aaron, and his sons, shalt 
 thou bring before the door of 
 the tabernacle of the congre- 
 gation : and thou shalt wash 
 them with water, and thou 
 shalt anoint them with oil. 
 
 16 Only this thing shalt 
 thou observe. All the males 
 of the tribe of Levi, without 
 blemish, shalt thou consecrate, 
 saith the Lord : the eunuch, 
 whether he be born so, or made 
 so, shalt thou not consecrate. 
 
 17 And the burnt-offerings, 
 and the sacrifices, and the of- 
 ferings of kids, and of goats, 
 and of sheep, and of oxen, 
 
 33 
 
 and of purple, and of scarlet, 
 and of fine linen, which the 
 people offered, appertained 
 unto the Levites, even as the 
 Lord had commanded Mo- 
 ses. 
 
 18 ^ Thus did Moses in the 
 sight of all Israel : even ac- 
 cording to the commandment 
 of the Lord, did he. 
 
 CHAP. XXL 
 
 1 Korak, his reheUion. 1 1 He and 
 his company destroy ed by Jire. 
 13 The people fear greatly. 15 
 The priesthood established. 
 
 1 A^^ '^^hen Korah, " Da- 
 than, h Abiram, and " On, 
 with two hundred and fifty of 
 the children of Israel, men 
 famous in the congregation, 
 and men of renown, saw all 
 that was done, 
 
 2 They said one to the 
 other : This thing which Mo- 
 ses and Aaron have done, is 
 not of the Lord. 
 
 3 For behold, henceforward 
 shall the tribe of Levi live on 
 the fat of the land, they shall 
 be clothed in soft raiment ; 
 they shall fare sumptuously 
 every day ; the plough and the 
 axe shall they be strangers to : 
 and lo! we, and our sons, and 
 our sons' sons, shall they gall 
 with the yoke that this day 
 they have brought upon us. 
 
 4 And they gathered them- 
 selves together unto Moses, 
 and they said unto hiui : 
 
 5 What thing is this that 
 thou hast done ? Are not all 
 
 A. M. 
 2645. 
 
 •Heb. the rites. 
 '■Heb. the fa- 
 ther of deceit. 
 'Heb. ioiquity.
 
 Korah destroyed by fire. 
 
 J A S H E R. 
 
 Israel enjoys peace. 
 
 A. M. the people holy? Wherefore 
 2546. hast thou separated the tribe of 
 Levi, to be sanctified unto the 
 Lord ? 
 
 G Ilast thou not brought us 
 into the wilderness ? Should 
 not all help to till the ground ? 
 yea, the hands of the people 
 are not equal to the task : and 
 shalt thou take away every 
 tenth man from the labour. 
 
 7 And ]\Ioses said. To- 
 morrow shall the Lord answer 
 the blasphemies you now utter : 
 and shew who is holy, and 
 who is not holy. 
 
 8 51 And it came to pass 
 on the morrow, that Korah, 
 Dathan, and Abiram, with the 
 two hundred and fifty men of 
 the children of Israel, assembled 
 themselves together before the 
 door of the tabernacle of the 
 congregation. 
 
 9 And Moses spake unto 
 them, and said, Behold, O 
 Korah, Dathan, and Abirara, 
 thus saith the Lord, Ye fight 
 against me, even against the 
 God of your fathers, the God 
 of Abraham, the God of Isaac, 
 and the God of Jacob, who 
 hath brought you up out of the 
 land of Egypt, out of the house 
 of bondage, 
 
 10 And Moses said unto the 
 congregation : Separate your- 
 selves from Korah and his com- 
 pany, peradventure the Lord 
 will do a new thing. 
 
 11 And they did so: and 
 Korah and his company stood 
 before the tabernacle, 
 
 34 
 
 12 And Moses commanded A. M. 
 the Levites, saying : Up now, 2545. 
 slay Korah, Dathan, and Abi- 
 ram, WMth those that are with 
 
 them, with fire, even as the 
 Lord hath spoken unto me. 
 
 13 And Korah, Dathan, and 
 Abiram, with the two hundred 
 and fifty men of the children 
 of Israel, perished by fire be- 
 fore the door of the tabernacie 
 of the Lord. 
 
 14 And great fear fell on all 
 the congregation : and they 
 hastened every man to his tent. 
 
 15 ^ Thus did JMoses esta- 
 blish the priesthood in his bro- 
 ther's house, in the tribe of 
 Levi : and he committed unto 
 them, the keeping of the ta- 
 bernacle, of the ark, and of 
 the book of the testimony, ac- 
 cording to all that the Lord 
 had commanded him. 
 
 CHAP. xxn. 
 
 1 Israel enjoys peace. 4 They defile 
 Ihemselves with the women of Mi- 
 dian and Moab. 
 
 1 AFTER these days it came 2546. 
 
 to pass, that the people 
 obeyed the voice of the Lord, 
 by the mouth of his servant 
 Moses. 
 
 2 And there was peace 
 throughout all the tribes of 
 the children of Israel. 
 
 3 For no man opened his 
 mouth against Zipporah : nor 
 against the women of Midian, 
 lier companions, nor against 
 those of Moab.
 
 Aaron reads the cotenant. 
 
 Chap, xxiii. 
 
 Laws and ordinances. 
 
 A. M. 4 ^ And in process of time, 
 
 2546. the women of Midian, and the 
 women of Moab, became con- 
 versant with the sons of Israel. 
 
 6 During' all the days of 
 Jethro, Moses' father-in-law, 
 and all the days of Zipporah, 
 Moses' wife. 
 
 6 And the children of Israel 
 defiled themselves with the 
 women of Midian, and with 
 the women of Moab : and they 
 learned to walk after all their 
 abominations. 
 
 CHAP. XXIII. 
 
 2 Aaron reads out of the book of 
 the covenant divers laws concern- 
 ing trespasses, and their atone- 
 ments. 18 The passover and feasts 
 xnsliluted ; 23 iShe/07nife, his bkis- 
 phemy. 26 He ts stoned. 
 
 2547. 1 A^^ ^^ came to pass after 
 
 many days, that Moses 
 assembled the congregation of 
 the children of Israel together ; 
 even all the tribes thereof, to 
 the door of the tabernacle of 
 the Lord. 
 
 2 And he brought forth the 
 book of the covenant, and 
 Aaron read it before the con- 
 gregation, in the sight of all 
 Israel. 
 
 3 And Aaron said. Thus 
 saith the Lord, by his servant 
 Moses : If any man bring an 
 offering unto the Lord, he 
 shall bring it voluntarily ; it 
 shall be a male without ble- 
 mish, of his flock, of his cat- 
 tle, and of the prime of his 
 fowl. 
 
 35 
 
 4 He shall bring the male A. M. 
 of his flock unto the priests, 2547. 
 the sons of Aaron : and they 
 
 shall slay it before the door of 
 the tabernacle, and they shall 
 cut it in pieces, and they shall 
 lay it on the altar on the fire 
 which they shall make; and 
 they shall roast the flesh there- 
 of, which is acceptable, and a 
 sweet savour, as tne Lord hath 
 appointed. 
 
 5 And when any man shall 
 bring a meal-offering unto the 
 Lord, he shall offer of fine flour, 
 unleavened, mixed with oil and 
 frankincense ; and the priests 
 shall bake it on the altar, and 
 they shall eat thereof; it is a 
 thing done by fire, and is of 
 a sweet savour. 
 
 6 And thou shalt bring an 
 oblation of thy first fruits unto 
 the Lord ; and with all thy 
 offerings, thou shalt offer salt. 
 
 7 The peace-offering, whe- 
 ther it be of the herd, of the 
 flock, or of the field, it shall 
 be the best; without blemish 
 shalt thou bring it before the 
 Lord. 
 
 8 If thou dost sin through 
 ignorance, against any of the 
 commandments of the Lord, 
 thou shalt bring before the 
 door of the tabernacle of the 
 congregation, a young bullock, 
 or a kid, or a lamb, without 
 blemish ; and the priest shall 
 kill the bullock, or the kid, or 
 the lamb, and he shall roast 
 them with fire, on the altar, 
 without the gate of the camp.
 
 Laws and ordinances. 
 
 J A S H E R. 
 
 JVave-oJferings appointed. 
 
 A. M. and thy sin shall be forgiven 
 2547. thee. 
 
 9 If thou shalt touch any 
 unclean thing, whether it be 
 of man, or of beast, thou shalt 
 bring unto the priest, a lamb, 
 or a kid of thy goats, or two 
 turtle doves, or an ephah of 
 fine flour : and he shall make 
 an atonement for thee. 
 
 10 If thou shalt commit a 
 trespass unwittingly, then shalt 
 thou bring a ram, without ble- 
 mish, with the estimation there- 
 of, in shekels of silver ; and 
 when thou hast satisfied the 
 trespass, thou shalt add the 
 fifth part thereof, and thou 
 shalt give it unto the priest, 
 who shall make an atonement 
 for thee, and thy trespass shall 
 be forgiven. 
 
 11 If thou shalt trespass, 
 wittingly, against thy neigh- 
 bour, by taking that which is 
 his, thou shalt restore it to the 
 full estimation thereof; and 
 thou shalt give him a fifth part 
 more : and then tiiou slialt 
 bring unto the priest, a ram, 
 without blemish, with its value 
 in shekels of silver; and the 
 priest shall make an atonement 
 for thee, and thou shalt be for- 
 given. 
 
 12 And the priests, the sons 
 of Aaron, shall eat of the sin- 
 offering, of the peace-offering, 
 and of the trespass-offering ; 
 according to all which the 
 Lord commanded Moses in 
 mount Sinai. 
 
 13 ^ Thus saith the Lord, 
 
 36 
 
 Aaron, or his sons, shall not A. M. 
 drink wine nor strong drink, 2647. 
 when they are to minister be- 
 fore the congregation, that they 
 may discern between the clean 
 and the unclean ; and that they 
 may teach the children of Is- 
 rael my statutes. 
 
 14 Thus saith the Lord, 
 When a woman hath borne a 
 child, whether it be a male- 
 child, or a maid-child, she 
 shall be unclean thirty and 
 three days ; and she shall bring 
 a lamb of the first year, or two 
 turtle doves, or two young 
 pigeons, and she shall bring 
 them unto the priest, and he 
 shall make an atonement for 
 her, and she shall be clean. 
 
 15 ^ Thus saith the Lord, 
 When a man shall have in his 
 flesh the plague of the lepro- 
 sy, he shall be brought unto 
 Aaron, or unto one of his sons, 
 who shall look on him, and if 
 he be unclean, he shall put 
 him out of the camp, until he 
 shall be healed of his sore ; and 
 then he shall bring unto the 
 priest, two he-lambs, without 
 blemish, and three tenth-deals 
 of fine flour, mingled with oil, 
 Milh one log of oil, and the 
 priest shall wave them before 
 the Lord, and shall make an 
 atonement for him, and he 
 shall be clean. 
 
 16 Thus saith the Lord, 
 W'hilst a woman is unclean in 
 her flesh, she shall be put apart 
 seven days, no man shall ap- 
 proach unto her during her
 
 The passuver vislituted. 
 
 Chap. xxiv. 
 
 The Shelomite stoned. 
 
 A. M. uncleanness; and when she is 
 2547. cleansed of her issue, she shall 
 take two turtle doves, or two 
 young pigeons, and bring them 
 unto the priest, to the door of 
 the tabernacle ; and he shall 
 make an atonement for her, 
 and she shall be clean. 
 
 17 ^ And it shall come to 
 pass, on the seventh month, in 
 every year, when the congre- 
 gation of the children of Israel 
 hath sinned against the Lord, 
 that every man shall bring an 
 offering according to his esti- 
 mation ; and the priests shall 
 wave every man's oblation be- 
 fore the Lord, at the door of 
 the tabernacle of the congre- 
 gation, and the priests shall 
 make atonement for the sins 
 of all the people of Israel, and 
 they shall be forgiven their 
 sins, which they have sinned 
 against the Lord. 
 
 18 ^ Moreover thus shall 
 ye do, on the fourteenth day 
 of the first month : at even 
 shall be the feast of the pass- 
 over unto the Lord. 
 
 19 And the next day shall 
 be the feast of unleavened 
 bread unto the Lord, for seven 
 days. 
 
 20 And on the tenth, there 
 shall be a day of atonement ; 
 wherein ye shall afflict your 
 souls. 
 
 21 And on the fifteenth day 
 shall be the feast of taberna- 
 cles ; with boughs, and with 
 branches of palm-trees, and 
 •with willows of the brook, 
 
 37 
 
 shall ye rejoice before the Lord, A. M. 
 for seven days. 2547. 
 
 22 Thus did Moses esta- 
 blish the feasts of the Lord ; 
 even as he was commanded on 
 mount Sinai. 
 
 23 5[ Then came forth the 
 son of Shelomith before the 
 congregation, and spake unto 
 Moses, at the door of the ta- 
 bernacle, saying : 
 
 24 The Lord hath not 
 spoken these things ; perad- 
 venture they are imaginations 
 of evil to this people. 
 
 25 And Moses commanded 
 the Levites, saying. Lead him 
 forth of the camp, and let 
 the people stone him with 
 stones, that he die, as the Lord 
 hath spoken. 
 
 26 And they did so : and 
 the people stoned him to 
 death ; because he had blas- 
 phemed before Moses, and 
 because he had spoken evil in 
 Israel. 
 
 CHAP. XXIV. 
 
 1 Twelve spies sent into Canaan. 
 10 Ten bring an evil report. 11 
 Caleb and Joshua encourage the 
 people. 18 The ten are stoned. 
 20 Jetkro dies. 22 Zipporah dies. 
 23 Aaron dies. 
 
 1 A^^ '*' <^a™e to pass, 
 when the days of the 
 sojourning of the children 
 of Israel in the wilderness 
 were multiplied, that Moses 
 spake unto the elders, and 
 unto all the congregation of 
 Israel, saying : 
 
 2648.
 
 spies sent into Canaan. 
 
 J A S H E R. The spies stir up the people to rebel. 
 
 A. M. 
 
 2648. 
 
 'lltb. obeying. 
 *Hd>. the judi- 
 cious. 
 
 ' Heb. the re- 
 deemed. 
 'Heb. freed. 
 'Heb. the expe- 
 ditious. 
 ^ Heb. girded. 
 'Hd>. God with 
 me. 
 
 "■//ei-erploring 
 ' Heb- the re- 
 wrved. 
 
 ''We*, the cele- 
 brated. 
 
 2 Thus saith the Lord, 
 Send chosen men to search 
 out the land of Canaan, ac- 
 cording to the number of the 
 tribes, twelve men : men of 
 wisdom, that ye may go in, 
 and possess the land which I 
 have given unto you. 
 
 3 And the men who were 
 sent, were " Sharamua, ''Sha- 
 phat, Caleb, ' Igal, Joshua, 
 ''Palti, 'Gaddiel, 'Gaddi, ^Am- 
 miel, '■ Selhur, ' Nahbi, and 
 "Geuel. 
 
 4 These are the names of 
 the men whom Aloses sent 
 into Canaan, to spy out the 
 land. 
 
 5 And Moses said unto 
 them, Go into Canaan this 
 way, and go up on yonder 
 mountain ; and from thence, 
 gee the land, and bring unto 
 me, and the congregation of 
 Israel, word, whether the peo- 
 ple therein be strong or weak, 
 or few or many. 
 
 G Whether the land be a 
 land flowing with milk and 
 with honey : and what cities 
 they have builded, their strong 
 holds, their tents, and their 
 houses, shall you note. 
 
 7 ^ Then went forth the 
 spies, and they did as Moses 
 had commanded: and they 
 brought with them of the 
 fruit of the land, and they re- 
 turned in forty days. 
 
 8 And the men who were 
 sent, spake unto Moses, and 
 Aaron, and unto the congre- 
 gation, saying : 
 
 38 
 
 9 Surely the land of Ca- 
 naan, whether ye sent us, is a 
 land flowing with milk and 
 with honey : and behold, this 
 is the fruit thereof. 
 
 10 But as for the people, 
 they be strong, and their cities 
 be walled, and exceeding great : 
 ' Analt, and his sons, dwell 
 there, with our enemies, the 
 Amalekites, the Hittites, the 
 Jebusites, and the Amorites. 
 
 11 And Caleb, even he who 
 taught Israel to shoot with the 
 bow, stood forth and said. Up, 
 let us gird on the sword, and 
 take the bow, peradventure 
 we shall possess the land, for 
 we are more mighty than the 
 people of the nations ; and the 
 Lord is with us, and he will 
 prosper us. 
 
 12 And Joshua said, Caleb 
 hath spoken the truth. 
 
 13 Then said the other 
 men who were sent with Ca- 
 leb and Joshua unto Moses, 
 and unto all the congregation, 
 ten were they in number, We 
 cannot stand before this peo- 
 ple, for they are stronger, and 
 in stature we appear unto them 
 as dwarfs; the sons of Anak 
 are giants : lo ! we shall never 
 be able to go in and possess 
 the land. 
 
 14 And they sowed sedition 
 among the people : and the 
 children of Israel murmured, 
 and said : 
 
 15 Wherefore hath Moses 
 and Aaron brought us hither, 
 that we, our wives, and our 
 
 A. M. 
 
 2648. 
 
 '/M. \\\xgf.
 
 The Levites stone the spies. Chap. xxv. 
 
 A. M. children, fall by the sword of 
 2548. the Gentiles. 
 
 16 And they said as one 
 man : Shaminua shall be our 
 captain, and we will return 
 into the land of Egypt. 
 
 17 *[ Then spake Caleb, the 
 'lUb. regard, son of ""Jephunnch, and Joshua, 
 -.ffij.thesieady the son of "Nun, These men, 
 
 who went with us, have 
 brought an evil report on the 
 land : for the land is goodj it 
 floweth with milk antl with 
 honey : and the Lord, the 
 God of our fathers, hath deli- 
 vered the people thereof into 
 our hand. 
 
 18 And Moses said, They 
 have blasphemed ; they have 
 lied unto the Lord : and the 
 Levites, and the congregation, 
 stoned them with stones, be- 
 fore the door of the taberna- 
 cle. 
 
 19 Then dwelt Israel in 
 peace, and listened unto the 
 words of the Lord, which he 
 spake by the mouth of Moses, 
 his servant. 
 
 2550. 20 f" And it was told unto 
 
 Moses, that Jethro, his father- 
 in-law, was dead, 
 •/w. pulled 21 And''Balak, the king of 
 Jown. Moab, was king of Midian: 
 
 now Balak was iiot the son of 
 Jethro. 
 
 22 And Zipporah, Jethro's 
 daughter, the wife of Moses, 
 died also : but the children of 
 Israel mourned not. 
 
 23 And Aaron went up in- 
 fHth. it«ep. to mount f'Hor, and died there, 
 
 and was buried. 
 39 
 
 Moses exhorteth the people. 
 
 CHAP. XXV. 
 
 A.M. 
 2661. 
 
 1 Moses exhorteth the people to go 
 info Canaan. G Balak opposelh 
 the designs of Moses. 14 The 
 Midianites, the Moabiles, and 
 the Amoriies, are sinitieji, except 
 the women; 18 tcith tchom the 
 Israelites defile themselves. 23 
 The Lei-ites hang up the chiefs. 
 26 The women of Midian are 
 slain, save the virgins. 30 Mo- 
 ses divideth the spoil. 40 The 
 Reubeuites desire to have their 
 inheritance on this side Jordan. 
 4'/Itig granted on condition. 
 
 1 AND the trumpet sound- 
 ed before Moses, and 
 before ^ Elcazer, the priest, and '"'*■ '^e porch 
 before the elders, at the door ° ' *" " • 
 of the tabernacle : and all Is- 
 rael assembled to hear the 
 words of the Lord. 
 
 2 And Moses said. The 
 days of the accomplishment 
 of the promise, which the 
 Lord hath made unto our fa- 
 thers, that their seed shall in- 
 herit the land of Canaan, is at 
 hand. 
 
 3 Arm therefore to the war, 
 so many of you, according to 
 your tribes: one thousand out 
 of every tribe, shall ye num- 
 ber. 
 
 4 And Joshua, and Caleb, 
 and ''Phinehas, the priest, with "/w. confiding 
 the holy trumpets, shall go be- 
 fore you, and lead you into the 
 land whereof the Lord hath 
 said : Thy seed shall possess 
 the land of Canaan, as I sware 
 unto thy fathers ; a land flow- 
 ing with milk and honey.
 
 Balak opposeth Afoses. 
 
 J A S H E R. The Israelites destroy the Midianites. 
 
 A. M. 6 The Ainorites, the Mo- 
 
 2551. abites, the Midianites, the Je- 
 
 busites, and all the nations of 
 
 Canaan : they shall not stand 
 
 before you, sailh the Lord. 
 
 6 ^ Now it came to pass, 
 that when Balak, the king of 
 
 • lui. iQcest. c]y[j,3|j^ j^jjj heavA all that had 
 
 been spoken by Moses, that 
 he assembled the princes of 
 Moab and of Midian, with 
 those of the Amorites, and he 
 said unto them : 
 
 7 Behold ! Moses, with the 
 Hebrews who have followed 
 him out of Egypt, draw nigh 
 unto our land to dispossess us, 
 and to drive us out from the 
 heritage of our fathers. 
 
 8 Now therefore send mes- 
 *Htb. grave. sengcrs unto "^ Balaam, the king 
 •Or, Medi- of "Mesopotamia, lest when 
 
 terranean. ^j^^^ j^^^^ destroyed US, they 
 
 destroy him, and his people 
 also. 
 
 9 And the messengers came 
 unto Pethor, and spake unto 
 Balaam : Lo ! the Hebrews, 
 who are come up out of Egypt, 
 have set their faces against us, 
 join thou with us, that neither 
 we, nor thy servants, be slain. 
 
 10 Then Balaam assembled 
 the princes of INIesopotamia to- 
 gether, and he said unto them : 
 Lo ! Balak, king of Moab and 
 of Midian, hath sent unto us, 
 that we fight with them against 
 Moses and the Hebrews, who 
 have now set their faces against 
 the Midianites, the Moabites, 
 and the Amorites, to dispos- 
 sess and destroy them. 
 
 40 
 
 11 And the princes said, A. M. 
 Why should we fight against 2651. 
 Israel, seeing we dwell in the 
 
 land between the two rivers? 
 
 12 And the messengers re- 
 turned unto Balak : and Balak 
 was disheartened. 
 
 13 H Then went forth Jo- 
 shua, Caleb, and Phinehas, the 
 priest, with the holy instru- 
 ments, and with the trum- 
 pets, and it was proclaimed, 
 saying : 
 
 14 Smite the Midianites, 
 even all the males thereof: 
 but the females ye shall not 
 touch. 
 
 15 And they did so: and 
 there fell that day all the males 
 of the children of Midian, of 
 Moab, and of the nations. 
 
 IG Then returned Phine- 
 has, Joshua, and Caleb, with 
 all Israel, that went forth to 
 the battle. 
 
 17 And they brought into 
 the camp of Israel, all the wives 
 of the Midianites, of the Mo- 
 abites, and of the Amorites, 
 with the virgins: even all the 
 females. 
 
 18 And the elders, and all 
 the children of Israel, defiled 
 themselves with the women 
 of Midian, with tke women 
 of Moab, and with the women 
 of the nations. 
 
 19 And children of the wo- 
 men of Midian, Moab, and the 
 nations, were born unto the el- 
 ders of the people of Israel. 
 
 20 And the people did evil 
 in the sight of the Lord.
 
 The Israelites defile themselves. 
 
 Chap, xxv. 
 
 Moses divides the spoil. 
 
 A. M. 21 ^ Then Moses, with 
 
 2661. Eleazar, the priest, stood forth 
 and said : 
 
 22 Ye have sinned, in that 
 ye have saved the women of 
 the nations when ye fought 
 against them ; and the Lord 
 delivered the people into your 
 hands. 
 
 23 And Moses spake unto 
 the Levites, and said. Thus 
 saith the Lord : Take the 
 heads of those who have sin- 
 ned, and hang them up before 
 the door of the tabernacle of 
 the Lord, in the sight of all 
 the congregation. 
 
 24 And they hung them up 
 in the sun, in the sight of all 
 Israel. 
 
 26 And there fell of the 
 people, twenty and four thou- 
 sand, and then the slaughter 
 ceased. 
 
 2562. 26 Then Moses spake unto 
 
 the children of Israel, and said. 
 Thus saith the Lord : ye 
 shall slay all the women of 
 the nations with whom ye have 
 defiled yourselves, and the 
 males born unto them ; you 
 shall save for yourselves only 
 the virgin who hath not lain 
 with man. 
 
 27 And the children of Is- 
 rael did according to all that 
 they were commanded. 
 
 28 And the number of the 
 women-children, virgins, were 
 thirty and two thousand, who 
 knew not man. 
 
 29 H And it came to pass, 
 after these things, that Moses 
 
 41 
 
 said, Bring forth the spoil of A. M. 
 the Moabites, the Midianites, 2662, 
 and of the nations. 
 
 30 For thus saith the Lord, 
 The prey shall ye divide ; the 
 one half thereof shall be for 
 those who took the war upon 
 them, and the other half shall 
 ye give unto the congregation 
 of the Lord. 
 
 31 Now the half that per- 
 tained unto the men, even un- 
 to those of each tribe who 
 came from the war, were of 
 sheep, three hundred and seven 
 and thirty thousand and five 
 hundred : of beeves, thirty and 
 six thou.sand : of asses, thirty 
 thousand and five hundred : 
 and of virgins, sixteen thou- 
 sand. 
 
 32 But of these, the tribute 
 unto the Lord, were of the 
 sheep, six hundred and seventy 
 and five: of the beeves, seventy 
 and two : of the asses, sixty 
 and one : and of the virgins, 
 thirty and two. 
 
 33 And Moses delivered the 
 tribute unto Eleazar, the priest, 
 as an oflering unto the Lord. 
 
 34 And Moses gave unto 
 the congregation their portion : 
 of the sheep, three hundred and 
 seven and thirty thousand : of 
 beeves, thirty and six thousand : 
 of asses, thirty thousand and 
 five hundred: and of virgins, 
 sixteen thousand, 
 
 35 But of these the tribute 
 unto the Lord, were of the 
 sheep, six hundred and seventy 
 and five : of the beeves, seventy
 
 Gad and Reuben petition Moses J A S H E R. 
 
 with respect to inheritance- 
 
 A. M. and two: of the asses, sixty 
 2662. and one : and of the virgins, 
 thirty and two. 
 
 36 And Moses delivered the 
 tribute unto Eleazar, the priest, 
 as an offering unto the Lord. 
 
 37 So the Lord's portion of 
 the spoil dehvered unto the Le- 
 vites, were of the sheep, one 
 thousand three hundred and 
 fifty : of the beeves, one hun- 
 dred and forty and two: of 
 the asses, one hundred twenty 
 and two : and of virgins, sixty 
 and four : besides their part as 
 one of the tribes of Israel. 
 
 38 But of the gold, and of 
 the silver, and of the jewels, 
 and of the chains, and of the 
 bracelets, and of the ear-rings, 
 which the men of war had ta- 
 ken, brought they unto Moses, 
 and unto Eleazar : and Elea- 
 zar offered them up as an ob- 
 lation unto the Lord. 
 
 39 And the sum thereof, 
 was sixteen thousand and se- 
 ven hundred and fifty shekels. 
 
 40 ^ And it came to pass 
 on the morrow, that the chil- 
 dren of the tribe of Gad, and 
 of the tribe of Reuben, drew 
 near unto !Moses, and unto 
 Eleazar, the priest, and unto the 
 elders of Israel, and said : 
 
 41 Behold our inheritance 
 is fallen unto us on this side 
 
 lr''*d m«T 'Jordan. 
 
 o ju Binen«. ^^ ^^^ ^^^ ^^^ wiVeS, OUr 
 
 children, and the virgins, the 
 Lord hath given us, are many 
 in number, and our cattle are 
 a ereat multitude. 
 ^ 42 
 
 43 "^Ataroth, '' Dibon, ' Ja- A. M. 
 zer, with all the cites and vil- 2562. 
 lages on this side Jordan, in the ■ //<•»•«'■« 
 land of Gilead, permit us to i.°j"ei. intelli^ 
 possess, that we may build ?^"'- , , . 
 sheep-iolds tor our cattle, and 
 dwellings for our wives, and 
 for our children. 
 
 44 And Moses said unto the 
 rulers of the tribes of Reuben, 
 and of Gad, Surely, to excuse 
 yourselves from the war, from 
 driving out the Canaanites, do 
 ye ask of me this thing ! 
 
 45 And they answered Mo- 
 ses and said. We, ourselves, will 
 go armed unto the war, and 
 we will pass over Jordan : nei- 
 ther will we return again unto 
 our wives, and our children, 
 until Israel hath possessed the 
 land of Canaan. 
 
 46 And Moses said. Be it 
 unto you even as you have 
 said : 
 
 47 Only observe you this 
 thing, that ye be ready to pass 
 over Jordan armed before the 
 Lord, and before Joshua, his 
 servant, until he hath driven 
 out your enemies : then shall 
 ye return, and ye shall be 
 guiltless before the Lord. 
 
 48 But if ye turn your backs 
 on the covenant yo have this 
 day made, behold the sin, which 
 ye shall sin before the Lord, 
 will avenge you. 
 
 49 And they said unto Mo- 
 ses : We, thy servants, will do 
 as thou, our lord, hast com- 
 manded. 
 
 60 And they departed .
 
 Moses teacheth the Israelites a song. Chap. xxvi. Twelve appointed to divide Canaan, 
 
 A. M. 
 
 2563. 
 
 CHAP. XXVI. 
 
 1 Joshua is appointed to succeed 
 Moses. 2 Moses' charge to Jo- 
 shua. 15 Moses blesses the tribes 
 of Israel. 2/ Takes Ike rod from 
 Jasher. 29 He goes up Pisgah. 
 30 Views the promised land. 32 
 Moses dies. 
 
 1 A.^^ ^^^ Lord said unto 
 Moses, Call Joshua, 
 the son of Nun, unto you, be- 
 fore the door of the tabernacle 
 of the congregation, and give 
 unto him a charge ; for behold 
 the days draw nigh wherein 
 thou shalt die. 
 
 2 And Moses did as the 
 Lord commanded, and Moses 
 said unto Joshua in the sight 
 of all Israel, Thus saith the 
 Lord, Be strong, and of great 
 courage, for thee have I cho- 
 sen to lead my people into the 
 land of which I sware unto 
 them, that they should possess 
 it ; and I will be with thee. 
 
 3 ^ And the Lord spake 
 unto Moses, and said. Write 
 now a song, even the song I 
 shall teach thee, that the chil- 
 dren of Israel may learn the 
 words thereof ; that they 
 may not hereafter forsake my 
 laws, nor disregai'd the statutes 
 which they have received. 
 
 4 And Moses spake before 
 the congregation all the words 
 of the song, until they were 
 ended. 
 
 5 And Moses spake unto 
 Joshua, and unto Eleazar, the 
 priest, saying. Lay up before 
 
 43 
 
 the Lord, in the ark of the co- 
 venant, the words which this 
 day I have taught the children 
 of Israel, that your sons, and 
 your sons' sons, and your daugh- 
 ters, may learn them. 
 
 6 And Moses, and the chil- 
 dren of Israel, sojourned in 
 the plains of Moab, by Jor-* 
 dan, over against Jericho. 
 
 7 ^ And Moses assembled 
 together Joshua, and all the 
 children of Israel, and he said 
 unto them : 
 
 8 Behold the days draw 
 nigh wherein I shall be gather- 
 ed unto my fathers. 
 
 9 And thus saith the Lord, 
 When ye shall pass over Jor- 
 dan into the land of Canaan, 
 that ye shall drive out the in- 
 habitants : and ye shall divide 
 by lot, their land among your 
 families : according to the num- 
 ber of each tribe, shall ye di- 
 vide it. 
 
 10 Ye shall surely drive out 
 the inhabitants, none shall re- 
 main, lest Israel be corrupted 
 through their abominations, 
 and they be as thorns in your 
 sides. 
 
 11 And these are the men 
 who shall divide the land : 
 even Eleazar, the priest, and 
 Joshua, the son of Nun. 
 
 12 And of the princes of 
 the people, Caleb, "Shemuel, 
 "Elidad, 'Bukki, ''Hanniel, 
 'Kemuel, 'Elizaphan, sPaltiel, 
 "■Ahihud, and ' Pedahel. 
 
 13 And thus saith the Lord, 
 Command the children of Is- 
 
 A. M. 
 2553. 
 
 'Hrb. estn- 
 blished. 
 '//r*. belored 
 of the Lord. 
 *Hfb. dispersed 
 *Heb. grace of 
 God. 
 
 • lldi. the 
 nii^d of God. 
 'Htb. the in- 
 spector. 
 
 • i/«ft. liberty. 
 '7/<-4. brother 
 of praise. 
 ^Uei. popuUr.
 
 Moses blesseth the tribes. 
 
 J A S H E R. 
 
 TTie rod is taken frotn Jasher. 
 
 A. M. rael, that they give unto the 
 2553. Levites, forty and eight cities, 
 for them to dwell therein. 
 
 14 And the suburbs there- 
 of shall measure two thousand 
 cubits on the north, on the 
 south, on the east, and on the 
 west, of every city : and eve- 
 ry city shall be in the midst 
 thereof. 
 
 16 ^ Then Moses blessed 
 the tribes of Israel, and he 
 said : 
 
 16 O that Reuben may 
 live, and become a great peo- 
 ple ! 
 '/y.*. thanks- 17 That ''Judah may be 
 
 '"""^' suflBcient, that his enemies do 
 
 not spoil him. 
 
 18 Of Levi, he shall pos- 
 sess Urim and Thummim ; the 
 Lord shall smite through the 
 loins of them that rise up 
 against him : for they shall teach 
 Jacob the statutes of the Lord, 
 and they shall offer burnt-of- 
 ferings and incense before the 
 Lord, for ever. 
 '«t^. dexterous jg i Benjamin shall be the 
 beloved of the Lord : under 
 the shadow of the Almighty 
 shall be his safety. 
 
 20 Joseph shall receive of 
 the precious things of the fir- 
 mament, he shall eat of the 
 fat of the land, and shall be 
 satisfied : his glory shall be 
 the strength as of a unicorn ; 
 he shall push the people to- 
 gether unto the ends of the 
 earth. 
 ■•Hcb. inhabit- 21 '" Zebulun and " Issachar 
 •"//ij.commerce sliall rejoicc : they shall suck 
 
 44 
 
 of the plenty of the seas, and A. M. 
 of the hidden things of the 2563. 
 sand. 
 
 22 "Gad shall dwell as a "//«*»••««• 
 lion: he shall judge among 
 
 the people, and the people 
 shall bless him. 
 
 23 Dan shall thrive as a 
 lion's whelp : his habitation 
 shall be from Bashan. 
 
 24 •■ Naphtali shall be highly '"'^- '''"•'•J- 
 favoured ; and shall be filled 
 
 with the blessings of the Lord. 
 
 26 ''Ashur shall be blessed ^//ej. subtle. 
 with his children : his foot shall 
 he dip in oil, his shoes shall be 
 iron and brass, and as his days, 
 so shall his strength be. 
 
 26 'Simeon shall be many '/m. hearing. 
 for number: and his bread 
 
 shall be fatness. 
 
 27 ^ And Moses called for 
 Eleazar, the priest, and he said 
 unto him: Take now from 
 Jasher, the rod, and do thou 
 lay it up before the Lord in 
 the taljernacle of the congre- 
 gation, on the side of the mer- 
 cy-seat shall it be laid up. 
 
 28 And I, Jasher, the son 
 of Caleb, delivered unto Elea- 
 zar, the priest, the rod : and 
 Eleazar put it up in the taber- 
 nacle, on the side of the mer- 
 cy-seat before the ark : and it 
 remameth there even unto this 
 day. 
 
 29 ^ And when Moses had 
 made an end of blessing the 
 children of Israel, he went up 
 out of the plains of Moab, 
 
 unto mount ' Nebo, even unto 'Ha. fruitful, 
 the top of ' Pisgah. '"«*• »<>%•
 
 Moses' death. 
 
 Chap, xxvii. Joshua prepares to pass over Jordan 
 
 A. M. 
 
 2563. 
 
 " Hci. testify- 
 ing. 
 
 ' //f^. forgetting 
 ' Heb. nioon- 
 thine. 
 
 2654. 
 
 30 And from thence he 
 saw all the land of " Gilead, 
 even unto Dan and " Manasseh, 
 and the land of Judah, even 
 unto the sea, the plain of the 
 valley of ^ Jericho, and the 
 city of the palm-trees, even 
 unto Zoar. 
 
 31 And he said, Now be- 
 hold I with my eyes the land, 
 concerning which the Lord 
 sware unto Abraham, Isaac, 
 and Jacob, saying, I will give 
 it unto thy seed. 
 
 32 And ' Moses died in the 
 land of ^loab. 
 
 33 And Moses was an hun- 
 dred and twenty years old 
 when he died. 
 
 34 And the children of Is- 
 rael wept for Moses thirty 
 days. 
 
 CHAP. XXVII. 
 
 1 Joshua e.rkorls the people to pass 
 over Jordan. 8 He se7ic(s messeii- 
 gers to Rahab, a princess of Je- 
 richo. 14 Rahab, her advice to 
 the king of Jericho. 19 It is 
 rejected. 
 
 1 ^OW it came to pass, 
 after the days of weep- 
 ing for Moses were ended, on 
 the morrow thereof, that Jo- 
 shua assembled Eleazar, the 
 priest, and all the elders of the 
 people, with the captains over 
 thousands, over hundreds, over 
 fifties, and over twenties, be- 
 fore the door of the tabernacle 
 of the congregation. 
 
 2 And Joshua said, Moses, 
 the servant of the Lord, said 
 46 
 
 unto me: When I am gather- A. M. 
 ed unto my fathers, then shalt 2554. 
 thou lead the people over Jor- 
 dan into the land of Canaan : 
 and the Lord will be with thee, 
 and will fight for thee. 
 
 3 Prepare therefore for your 
 journey ; arm yourselves for the 
 battle : for lo ! the trumpet 
 shall sound on the third day, 
 and the ark of the Lord shall 
 go over Jordan before the peo- 
 ple. 
 
 4 ^Then spake unto Joshua 
 the chief of the tribes of Reu- 
 ben, Gad, and Manasseh, We 
 remember the covenant we 
 made with ISIoses, the servant 
 of the Lord ; we will go over 
 Jordan armed, and we will not 
 return until our brethren have 
 found rest. 
 
 5 And all the elders with 
 one voice cried out and said. 
 All things wherein we obeyed 
 Moses, the servant of the Lord, 
 and listened unto his voice, will 
 we now do. 
 
 6 And whosoever shall turn 
 his back on whatsoever thou 
 commandest, he shall surely 
 die. 
 
 7 ^fAnd it came to pass on 
 the third day, on the morning 
 thereof, that Joshua rose up 
 early, and the trumpet sound- 
 ed, and the people gathered 
 themselves together, and they 
 removed from ^ Shittim, and '//f*. lodged 
 they came unto Jordan, and 
 
 they pitched there. 
 
 8 And Joshua sent messen- 
 gers unto ''Rahab, one of ^f- ^"*-
 
 Messengers sent to Rahab. 
 
 J A S H E R. Rahab" s advice to the king of Jericho. 
 
 A. M. 
 2664. 
 
 ' Or^ wliom 
 thou dost nut 
 worship. 
 
 the princesses of Jericho, say- 
 ing : 
 
 9 Behold, on the morrow 
 we shall pass over Jordan^ and 
 the Lord will deliver Jericho 
 into our hands. 
 
 10 And Rahab said unto 
 those who were sent. Speak 
 unto Joshua and say : The 
 Lord, the God of Jacob, pros- 
 per you, inasmuch as I also 
 am the daughter of an Israelite, 
 by a woman of Midian. 
 
 11 And it was told unto 
 the king of Jericho all the 
 words which Rahab had spo- 
 ken. 
 
 12 Then the king of Jeri- 
 cho assembled together all his 
 princes and his nobles, and 
 Rahab was there also, for she 
 was a woman renowned for 
 wisdom. 
 
 13 And the king said unto 
 Rahab, How is this that you 
 confederate with the avowed 
 enemy of the nations ? 
 
 14 And Rahab answered, 
 and said. Let not the king be 
 angry, and thy servant will 
 speak : 
 
 15 Behold thus saith Rahab, 
 I was born among the Israel- 
 ites, and they are as the lo- 
 custs for number, and the Lord, 
 the maker of heaven and earth, 
 'whom thou knowest not, he 
 fighteth for them, even for 
 Joshua, for Caleb, and for all 
 Israel. 
 
 16 And this, O king, thou 
 knowest, that Moses, with a 
 few chosen men, smote all the 
 
 46 
 
 people of Midian, all the peo- 
 ple of Moab, all the Jebusites, 
 all the Hittiles, all the Hivites, 
 and all the Amorites on the 
 other side Jordan, with the 
 edge of the sword, save only 
 the females, from whom Israel 
 do and will hereafter multiply 
 exceedingly ; 
 
 17 And hath given their 
 land unto the tribe of Reuben, 
 unto the tribe of Gad, and un- 
 to the half-tribe of Manasseh. 
 
 18 Send messengers there- 
 fore unto Joshua, and say, Thus 
 saith Jericho, Spare us, we be- 
 seech thee, you shall go quiet- 
 ly through our lands, you, your 
 wives, your children, your 
 flocks, and your heids, and ye 
 shall eat of our bread, and 
 drink of our vintage. 
 
 19 Peradventure the wrath 
 of Joshua will be turned away 
 from destroying thee, and thy 
 people. 
 
 20 And the king of Jericho 
 said, It is the counsel of an 
 harlot ; and Rahab was shut 
 up in her own house, and spies 
 were set, that they might watch 
 her. 
 
 CHAP, xxvin. 
 
 1 Th<i ark jtusselh over Jordan. 8 
 All hrael pass over Jordan in six 
 days. 15 Rahab sends jnessen- 
 gers to Joshua. 17 ^fte dwells 
 in Israel. 18 Jericho is taken. 
 "20 Achan, his rebellion. 
 
 1 A-^^ '*" ^^™® *" P^^ on 
 
 the morrow, that Joshua 
 
 spake unto Eleazar, the priest. 
 
 A. M. 
 
 2554.
 
 The Israelites pass over Jordan. Chap, xxviii. 
 
 Joshua U magnified. 
 
 A. M. and unto the Levites, saying, 
 2554. 2 Let the ark of the cove- 
 
 nant of the Lord b© borne 
 before the people by the 
 priests, as they pass over 
 Jordan, 
 
 3 Only this I command, 
 that the tribe of Reuben, the 
 tribe of Gad, and the half-tribe 
 of Manasseh, shall pass over 
 armed first ; even as Moses 
 hath commanded. 
 
 4 Moreover, no one shall 
 come nigh unto the ark : fifty 
 cubits shall the children of Is- 
 rael, except the priests, leave 
 between them and the ark. 
 
 5 And the trumpet sounded, 
 and the tribe of Reuben, the 
 tribe of Gad, and the half- 
 tribe of Manasseh, even all the 
 males thereof, from sixteen 
 years of age, and upwards, 
 passed over Jordan, armed. 
 
 6 Then followed the ark 
 of the covenant of the Lord, 
 borne by the priests, and they 
 passed over in the midst there- 
 of. 
 
 7 And there followed the 
 tribe of Benjamin, even all 
 the armed men thereof, their 
 wives, their children, their 
 flocks, and their herds. 
 
 8 And in six days the whole 
 congregation of the children of 
 larael passed over Jordan, 
 they, their wives, their chil- 
 dren, their cattle, even all 
 their possessions. 
 
 9 And they encamped on 
 the west of Jordan, in the 
 plains of Jericho. 
 
 47 
 
 10 And the wood whereon A. M. 
 the children of Israel passed 2654. 
 over Jordan, stayed upon the 
 
 face of the waters six days and 
 six nights. 
 
 11 And when the people of 
 Jericho, and the kings of the 
 land of Canaan, had heard that 
 Joshua, and all the children 
 of Israelj had passed over Jor- 
 dan, and were encamped in the 
 plains of Jericho, great fear 
 fell upon them. 
 
 12 5[ Now after the people 
 had rested seven days, Joshua 
 commanded the captains of 
 thousands, the captains of hun- 
 dreds, and the captains of fif- 
 ties, saying : 
 
 13 Prepare ye for the war, 
 that we go up and smite Jeri- 
 cho, and the king thereof, 
 and all the inhabitants, with 
 the edge of the sword. 
 
 14 And there came forth 
 of all Israel, forty thousand 
 men armed for the battle : and 
 Joshua was magnified in the 
 sight of the Amorites, in the 
 sight of the Canaanites, and 
 in the sight of all the nations. 
 
 15 Then Rahab sent unto 
 Joshua, saying : Let me in- 
 treat with thee for my nation, 
 that they may live. 
 
 IG And Joshua answered, 
 and said. As many as save 
 themselves by flight, may live: 
 but whosoever shall be found 
 in Jericho, shall surely die the 
 death. 
 
 17 Then came Rahab, with 
 her kindred, and with all her
 
 Achun is stoned. 
 
 J A S H E R. 
 
 Joshua goeth up to At. 
 
 A. M. household, unto Joshua ; and she 
 2564. dwelleth with the childreu of 
 Israel unto this day. 
 
 18 And the people of Jeri- 
 cho fled from the city, every 
 one to the mountains. 
 
 19 And Joshua took the 
 gold and the silver, even all 
 the spoil of Jericho; and he 
 brought it into the treasury of 
 the Lord, and it was holy. 
 
 •//«*. wiQc- 20 ' And "Achan spake 
 
 bibber. aloud, and said, Wherefore 
 
 hath Joshua taken from the 
 congregation, all the gold, all 
 the silver, and all the brass ; 
 even all the spoil of the city 
 of Jericho, and given it to the 
 tribe of Levi. 
 
 21 Moses, the servant of the 
 Lord, when we slew the ]VIi- 
 dianites, the IMoabites, and the 
 people of the nations, on the 
 other side Jordan, gave the half 
 of the spoil unto the armed 
 men, who went forth to the 
 battle, and the other half he 
 gave unto the congregation, ac- 
 cording to their tribes. 
 
 22 And thesayings of Achan 
 were told unto Joshua, and 
 Joshua said to the Levites : 
 
 2.3 Bring forth Achan, and 
 let him be stoned, for he hath 
 blasphemed. 
 
 24 And they stoned Achan 
 >nei. lumuh. in the valley of ''Achor, in the 
 
 presence of Joshua, and of the 
 elders, until he was dead. 
 
 25 And thus did Joshua 
 punish the rebellion of Achan, 
 even as the Lord had com- 
 manded. 
 
 48 
 
 CHAP. XXIX. 
 
 A. M. 
 
 2656. 
 
 1 Joshua goeth up to Ai. .'5 Five 
 titousand hraelilcs lie in ambitsh. 
 11 A its taken. 1.3 The king of 
 Ai lutnged. 1/ Tlie Gibeonites 
 become the aerraiiis of Joshua. 
 
 1 A^^ '*' came to pass on 
 the morrow, that Jo- 
 shua arose, with the men of 
 war, even thirty thousand men 
 of valour. 
 
 2 And Joshua said. Go up 
 against 'Ai, and smite the in- •//,». woe. 
 habitants thereof with the edge 
 
 of the sword : let none escape 
 alive. 
 
 3 And they went forth, and 
 
 they abode between ^Bethel ^Hd,. ihe 
 and Ai: and Joshua lodged >><"»» ofCoJ. 
 among the people that night. 
 
 4 And Joshua arose up early, 
 he, and the elders, and they 
 went up to Ai. 
 
 6 And Joshua took about 
 live thousand men, and he 
 commanded them to lie in 
 ambush on the west side of 
 Ai. 
 
 G And when the captains 
 had set the people, even all 
 the host of Israel, Joshua 
 went that night into the midst 
 of the valley. 
 
 7 And when the king of 
 Ai saw all that was done, but 
 he knew not of the men who 
 lay in ambush, he sent messen- 
 gers unto Joshua, saying: 
 
 8 On the morrow, about 
 noon, I, and the men that are 
 with me, will give you, and thy 
 people, battle in the plain.
 
 The inhabitants of Ai destroyed. 
 
 Chap. xxx. 
 
 The Gibeonites sue to Joshua. 
 
 A. M. 9 Then said Joshua unto 
 
 2555. the captains, and unto the 
 people : Behold^ when the 
 king of Ai, and his people, 
 come forth to the battle, seem 
 ye as if ye fled before them 
 for fear : and flee ye by the 
 way of the Milderness. 
 
 10 So shall it come to pass, 
 that the men of Ai shall come 
 forth of their city, and when 
 the trumpet shall sound, then 
 shall ye turn upon the men of 
 Ai, and destroy them. And 
 they did so. 
 
 11 And those five thousand 
 men who lay in ambush, arose 
 and entered Ai, and took it, 
 and all the spoil thereof. 
 
 12 And when the men of 
 Ai saw all that was done, and 
 that they had no power to flee 
 this way or that way, they 
 were sore troubled. 
 
 13 And Joshua, and the 
 people, smote the men of Ai, 
 and chased them in the field, 
 and pursued them into the wil- 
 derness, until there remained 
 none of them, save the king 
 of Aij whom Joshua hanged 
 on a tree. 
 
 14 And Joshua went up to 
 Ai, and smote it with the edge 
 of the sword, all the men, the 
 women, and all the children 
 thereof, save the virgin who 
 knew not man. 
 
 15 Then Joshua took all 
 their cattle, and the spoil of 
 their city, as a prey for Israel, 
 as the Lord had commanded 
 Moses. 
 
 49 
 
 16 ^ Now it came to pass, A. M. 
 after Joshua had smote Jericho 2656. 
 and Ai, two great cities of Ca- 
 naan, that great fear fell upon 
 
 the Gibeonites. 
 
 17 And they sent messen- 
 gers unto Joshua to ''Gilgal, ' "'* «>•""'• 
 saying : We are thy servants ; 
 whatsoever thou shalt com- 
 mand us, that will we do, 
 
 ] 8 Only this we pray thee, 
 do not unto us as thou hast 
 done unto the men of Jericho, 
 and unto the men of Ai. 
 
 19 Then said Joshua unto 
 the messengers. This shall ye 
 do, ye shall live, and ye shall 
 fight for us, and we will fight 
 for you : so shall it come to 
 pass, that ye shall live quietly 
 in the land. 
 
 20 H And the Gibeonites 
 
 dwelt in ""Gibeon, which is a j //jj. my 
 great city, and a royal city, *"'"'• 
 and much greater than Ai : 
 and the men thereof, were 
 more mighty. 
 
 CHAP. XXX. 
 
 1 Five kings war against Gibeon. 
 5 Joshua figldelli for Gibeon ; 9 
 and overcomelh the five kings ; 
 14 and afterwards destroi/et/i 
 tfieir cities. IS Ol/ier kings war 
 against Joshi'a. 25 Joshua put- 
 eth them to flight. 
 
 1 ^'OW when all the kings 2557. 
 
 which dwell on this side 
 Jordan, and on the coasts of 
 the great sea, with 'Adonize- . ,^^j j, ._ ^^^, 
 dek, king of Jerusalem, had lord. 
 heard all the mighty works 
 which Joshua had done, and
 
 Five kings fight against Gibeon ; J A S H E R. 
 
 who are beaten by Joshua. 
 
 A. 
 
 M. 
 
 2557. 
 
 ' Hrt. 
 
 woe to 
 
 them. 
 
 
 ' Iht. 
 
 fierce. 
 
 ■• Hei. 
 
 haugli' 
 
 tiness. 
 
 
 ' Hcb. 
 
 resplen- 
 
 dent. 
 
 
 ' Ueb 
 
 walk- 
 
 ing pla 
 
 ce. 
 
 • lid,. 
 
 oracle. 
 
 !• Heb. 
 
 rotund. 
 
 that the men of Gibeon had 
 made a league with him, that 
 they were moved. 
 
 2 Wherefore Adonizedek 
 sent unto ""Hoham, king of He- 
 bron, and unto "^Piram, king of 
 "Jarmuth, and unto "^Japhia, 
 king of 'Lachish, and unto^^De- 
 bir, king of ''Eglon, saying, 
 
 3 Come up unto me, that 
 we, and the kings which dwell 
 on this side Jordan, and the 
 kings of the sea-coast, may 
 fight against Gibeon, and de- 
 stroy it, because the men 
 thereof have made peace with 
 Joshua, and with all Israel. 
 
 4 Therefore the five kings 
 of the Amorites, the king of 
 Jerusalem, the king of He- 
 bron, the king of Jarmuth, 
 the king of Lachish, and the 
 king of Eglon, gathered them- 
 selves together, and went up, 
 they, and all their hosts : and 
 they encamped before Gibe- 
 on, and they made war against 
 it. 
 
 6 51 Now Joshua was at this 
 time at Gilgal, with all the 
 armed men of Israel. 
 
 6 And the men of 
 sent unto Joshua, 
 Because we are thy servants, 
 behold all the nations on this 
 side Jordan have waged war 
 against us. 
 
 7 Come up therefore quick- 
 ly unto us, and help us, and 
 save us, thy servants, that we 
 perish not. 
 
 8 And Joshua hasted from 
 Gilgal, with all the men of 
 
 50 
 
 Gibeon 
 saying. 
 
 war, and the mighty men of 
 valour. 
 
 9 And he came suddenly 
 upon them before the break of 
 day, and he discomfited them, 
 and they fled : and he slew 
 them with a great slaughter 
 before Gibeon, and he chased 
 them along the way that goeth 
 up to 'Beth-horon, and he smote 
 them even unto ""Azekah, and 
 unto 'Alakkedah. 
 
 10 And Joshua pursued 
 them with great slaughter un- 
 til the evening. 
 
 11 And Joshua said. Sun, 
 be thou silent upon Gibeon : 
 and thou, moon, shine thou on 
 the valley of "Ajalon. 
 
 12 And Joshua returned ; 
 and all the men of war with 
 him, to Gilgal, 
 
 13 And the Gibeonites re- 
 turned to their city : and they 
 rejoiced greatly. 
 
 14 51 And it came to pass, 
 after Joshua, and the men of 
 Israel, had rested themselves at 
 Gilgal, that he sent chosen men 
 up against Makkedah, against 
 Lachish, against Debir, against 
 Jarmuth, against "Libnah, and 
 against "Gezer. 
 
 15 And they fought against 
 them, and they took them, 
 even all the cities; and he did 
 unto them, even as he had done 
 unto Jericho, and unto Ai : and 
 he slew the kings thereof, and 
 all the inhabitants thereof, with 
 the edge of the sword : even 
 all the men, the women, and 
 the children, save the virgin 
 
 A. M. 
 
 2557. 
 
 ' ^hb. \nmsc 
 the sun. 
 ' lltb 
 
 Iteb. 
 
 walled. 
 
 hurnt. 
 
 Ueb. strong 
 as an oak. 
 
 ■ Htb. brijflil 
 a^ the moon. 
 ° Htb. cut oil".
 
 Jabin stirs up the princes. 
 
 Chap. xxxi. 
 
 Joshua subdues Canaan. 
 
 minded. 
 
 A. M. who knew not man, by lying 
 •2oo7. with him. 
 
 16 And the fame thereof 
 went out throughout all the 
 land of Canaan, and the kings 
 of the mountains, and the kings 
 of the valleys, and the kings of 
 the sea-shore, assembled them- 
 selves together, and said, 
 
 17 Surely as dead men are 
 
 we before Joshua, and before 
 
 the men of Israel. 
 
 f //ei. knowing 18 And 1^ Jabin, king of ""Ha- 
 ^^rb. the gra. ^^^^ ^^j^ ^^^^^ 'Jobab, king of 
 
 'flei. howling 'Madon, and unto the kings 
 . reproo . ^^ ^j^^ sea-shore : Up, let us 
 gather together our hosts, our 
 armies, and our chariots, and 
 let us assemble together at the 
 Net. high- Waters of 'Merora, and fight 
 against Israel, and destroy 
 them, lest they slay us, our 
 wives, and our sons, and take 
 from us our daughters, and our 
 heritages. 
 
 19 And the words of Jabin 
 were acceptable unto all who 
 heard them. 
 
 20 And they gathered them- 
 selves together at the waters of 
 Merom, and they were much 
 people ; even as the sand upon 
 the sea-shore for multitude : 
 and they defied the armies of 
 Israel. 
 
 21 And Jabin stood forth 
 and said, Know ye this, if it 
 should come to pass, that the 
 Israelites prevail this day, then 
 shall all the nations be slain : 
 or we, and our sons, shall be- 
 come the vassals and slaves of 
 the Hebrews. 
 
 61 
 
 22 For this cause came they A. M. 
 out of Egypt, to slay, and dis- 2557. 
 possess, according to all that 
 
 the lawgiver, even Moses, hath 
 commanded them. 
 
 23 To take from us our ci- 
 ties, our lands, our vineyards, 
 our cattle, our gold, our silver, 
 our brass, and also our pure 
 virgins. 
 
 24 i\nd lo! now Joshua, and 
 the people of war that are with 
 him, come forth to the battle. 
 
 25 And Joshua, with forty 
 and two thousand men, with 
 the men of Gibeon, came sud- 
 denly upon them, and slew 
 them, and chased them to Zi- 
 don, and he smote them until 
 there were none remaining. 
 
 26 And Joshua burnt Hazor, 
 because of Jabin, the king 
 thereof; for he it was who led 
 the nations to battle. 
 
 27 And all the rest of the 
 cities saved Joshua, but the spoil 
 thereof reserved he as a prey for 
 the children of Israel. 
 
 28 Then Joshua .wared 
 against the Anakims; and he left 
 
 none of them, save in "Gaza, in " "'*• '*'°"s 
 -Gath, and ^Ashdod. '"-^-^'- 
 
 ' Heb. rest. 
 
 29 And the land rested from [■i!l't\^.^i°^ 
 
 war. 
 
 CHAP. XXXI. 
 
 1 JosMia is stricken in years. 4 He 
 divides Canaan. 12 The borders 
 of the several tribes 24 Israel 
 eujoi/s peace and plenty. 
 
 1 A^^^ '* ^^™c to pass af- 
 ter many days, that 
 Joshua spake unto Eleazar, the 
 
 2559.
 
 Joshua divides the land by lot. 
 
 J ASHE R. 
 
 Judah, his borders. 
 
 A. M. priest, unto Caleb, and unto 
 '2559. all the elders, and unto the 
 congregation of the children 
 of Israel, saying : 
 
 2 Behold I am grown old, 
 and am stricken in years : and 
 peradventure the days draw 
 nigh wherein I shall be ga- 
 thered unto my fathers. 
 
 3 And all that Moses, the 
 servant of the Lord, hath said 
 unto me, that hath the Lord 
 done by me. 
 
 '[ Unto the tribe of Reu- 
 ben, the tribe of Gad, and the 
 half-tribe of Manasseh, did ISIo- 
 ses, whilst he was yet with us, 
 give all the land on the west 
 of Jordan, the land of the A- 
 morites, the land of Moab, the 
 land of Midian, all Bashan, 
 and half of Gilead ; even all 
 the nations which the Lord 
 delivered into his hands. 
 
 5 And at that time, Moses 
 spake unto me and said. When 
 ye shall pass over Jordan, and 
 the Lord shall deHver into your 
 hands all the land of Canaan, 
 to possess it, that ye shall divide 
 the land by lot unto the nine 
 tribes, and unto the half-tribe 
 of Manasseh. 
 
 6 And Caleb stood forth, 
 and said unto Joshua : Lo ! Ca- 
 leb, thy servant, is now four- 
 score and nine years old. 
 
 7 And these fifty and eight 
 years have I gone forth to the 
 battle, with the bow, with the 
 spear, and with the javelin. 
 
 8 The tribe of Judah is a 
 great tribe, and ]\Ioses, the ser- 
 
 62 
 
 vant of the Lord, hath said, A. M. 
 when he sent tne to spy out 2559. 
 the land. Surely the land on 
 which thy feet have trodden, 
 shall be thine inheritance, and 
 thy children's, for ever. 
 
 9 And behold I am as strong 
 this day as I was on that day in 
 which Moses sent me : as was 
 my strength then, so is it now 
 for war, both to go out, and 
 to come in. 
 
 10 And behold, though the 
 Anakims dwell in the land, 
 give it unto me, that I may 
 possess it : then shall I be able 
 to drive them out. 
 
 11 And Joshua said. Be it 
 unto you, even as thou hast 
 said : and he blessed him. 
 
 12 ^ So theborder of the lot 
 of Judah encompassed the salt 
 sea at the end of Jordan, and 
 fetched a compass by Kadesh 
 Barnea : even by Karkaa, unto 
 Hazor, even unto the river of 
 
 Egypt. 
 
 13 And from Gaza, even to 
 Ashdod, were its borders on the 
 great sea. 
 
 14 And from Ashdod it 
 fetched a compass : and its bor- 
 ders went out by Gath, even 
 unto Makkedah. 
 
 15 And from thence the 
 border went out by Bethshe- 
 niosh, unto the south side of 
 the Jebusite, even unto Debir, 
 did it go. 
 
 16 This is the coast of the 
 children of the tribe of Judah 
 round about, according to their 
 lot.
 
 The lot of Joseph. 
 
 Chap, xxxii. 
 
 Circumcision renewed. 
 
 A. M. 17 5F Then spake Joshua and 
 
 2569. said, The lot of the children 
 of Joseph shall be from Jordan 
 by Jericho, to Bethel, and Luz, 
 and Ataroth, and Gezer, and 
 all the cities, and plains, and 
 the lands thereof. 
 
 18 But the elders of the 
 tribe of Joseph, said unto Jo- 
 shua, Give, we pray thee, the 
 land thou hast allotted for us 
 
 ■/M. fruitful, unto ^ Ephraim : for we be 
 many. 
 
 19 Let us go up to the 
 wood-country, and cut down 
 the trees thereof, that we may 
 drive out the Perizzites, that 
 we may have cities and houses 
 to dwell in, and lands where- 
 on to feed our flocks and our 
 herds. 
 
 20 And Joshua said, Go, 
 and do as ye have spoken : and 
 he blessed them. 
 
 21 ^ And Joshua divided 
 all the land of Canaan, to 
 every tribe, according to its 
 number, even as Moses had 
 commanded him. 
 
 22 Only to the tribe of Le- 
 vi did he give no inheritance : 
 for the priesthood is their por- 
 tion, save the forty and eight 
 cities for them to dwell in. 
 
 23 Joshua appointed also 
 cities of refuge for the slayer, 
 throughout all the tribes of 
 Israel. 
 
 24 And the children of Is- 
 rael had peace : and they were 
 filled with plenty, with riches, 
 and with virgins. 
 
 53 
 
 CHAP. XXXII. 
 
 I Circumcision renewed. 1.3 Jo- 
 shua dismisses the tribes of Reu- 
 ben, Gad, and Manasseh. 18 
 They return, and repass Jordan. 
 
 1 ]\0W it came to pass in 
 those day.s, that Jo- 
 shua assembled together Elea- 
 zar, the priest, the Levites, and 
 all the congregation at Shiloh, 
 and he set up the tabernacle of 
 the Lord there. 
 
 2 And Joshua stood before 
 the door of the tabernacle of 
 the congregation : and he spake 
 in the presence of all Israel, and 
 he said, 
 
 3 Now behold the Lord 
 hath given you rest in the land 
 concerning which he s.ware un- 
 to your fathers, saying. Thy 
 seed shall inherit the land of 
 Canaan. 
 
 4 Abraham, our father, heard 
 a voice, when he dwelt in this 
 land, which said unto him : 
 Circumcise the flesh of thy 
 foreskin, for therefore art thou 
 barren. 
 
 5 When your fathers were 
 in bondage in Egypt, because 
 of the Egyptians from the time 
 of the birth of Moses, they 
 were uncircumcised. 
 
 6 But Moses, the servant of 
 the Lord, commanded me, say- 
 ing, When ye be come into the 
 land of Canaan, to possess it, 
 speak unto the Levites, and 
 sav : 
 
 7 ATake unto yourselves ra- 
 zors, and let the priests circura- 
 
 A. M. 
 
 2560.
 
 Eleazar reads the covenant. 
 
 J A S H E R. 
 
 Reuben and Gad repass Jordan. 
 
 came to pass af- 
 s, tliat the people 
 
 A. M. ciseone the other: and circuin- 
 2560. cise ye all the males of the chil- 
 dren of Israel. 
 
 8 And the Levites did so : 
 and all the people abode in 
 their tents in the camp till 
 they were whole. 
 
 9 And Joshua said. This 
 shall be a law and an ordinance 
 unto you, to be observed in all 
 your tribes, and in all your 
 families. 
 
 10 Ye shall bring every male 
 on the eighth day after he 
 openeth the womb, unto the 
 priest, to be circumcised : ye 
 shall do this, both ye, your 
 sons, and your sons' sons, for 
 ever. 
 
 11 And it 
 ter seven day; 
 were whole. 
 
 12 Then Joshua command- 
 ed Eleazar, the priest, and he 
 read out of the book of the co- 
 venant, all the laws, and the or- 
 dinances which Moses com- 
 manded to be observed, con- 
 cerning the servant, whether 
 he be an Hebrew, or a stranger, 
 and the statutes concerning the 
 virgins of the nations, and the 
 children born unto them. 
 
 13 And Joshua blessed the 
 tribe of Reuben, the tribe of 
 Gad, and the half-tribe of Ma- 
 nasseh, and he said unto them : 
 
 14 Return ye by the way ye 
 came, and go over Jordan, un- 
 to you wives, unto your sous, 
 unto your daughters, and un- 
 to your flocks, and unto your 
 possessions. 
 
 54 
 
 16 For ye have done all 
 that Moses hath commanded 
 you : ve have obeyed me also. 
 
 IG But take ye dihgent heed 
 to do the commandments and 
 the laws of the Lord ; to cleave 
 unto him ; and to serve him 
 with all your heai't ; and with 
 all your soul. 
 
 17 Then the tribe of Reu- 
 ben, the tribe of Gad, and the 
 half-tribe of Manasseh, even 
 all the armed men thereof, de- 
 parted from Joshua, at "Shiloh. 
 
 18 And they passed over 
 Jordan, to the land of Gilead, 
 whereof they were possessed, 
 as Moses had spoken. 
 
 19 And the tribe of Reu- 
 ben, the tribe of Gad, and the 
 half-tribe of Manasseh, return- 
 ed into the land of Gilead, 
 with their shares of the spoil 
 they had taken from the Ca- 
 naanites, with much cattle, 
 with gold, with silver, with 
 iron, and with biass, and with 
 very much raiment : and with 
 their portion of pure virgins ; 
 as the Lord had commanded 
 Moses. 
 
 CHAP. xxxm. 
 
 1 The Reicbenites, the Gadites, and 
 the ManciHtiites build a tabernacle 
 and an altar. 5 Joshua is 
 angr;i with them. 8 Jo.^hna sends 
 Phinehas to tliem. 15 Their rea- 
 sons. 22 Joshua is pacified. 20 
 Joshua and Eleazar die. 
 
 A. M. 
 
 2560. 
 
 1 ]\OW 
 that 
 
 it came 
 the elders 
 
 to 
 of 
 
 'Htb. disband- 
 ing. 
 
 pass 
 the 
 
 2561.
 
 They build a tabernacle in Gilead. Chap, xxxiii. Joshua sends an embassy to Gilead- 
 
 A. M. Reubenites, the elders of the 
 2561. Gadites, and the elders of the 
 
 half-tribe of Manasseh, said one 
 
 among- another. 
 
 2 Behold Joshua, and our 
 brethren, have set up the taber- 
 nacle in Shiloh ; let us likewise 
 build a tabernacle and an altar, 
 as testimonies unto the Lord ; 
 for Jordan is a border between 
 them and us. 
 
 3 That the Levites, who 
 dwell among us, may offer up 
 our burnt-offerings, our sacri- 
 fices, and our peace-offerings, 
 unto the Lord. 
 
 4 And they built a taber- 
 nacle, and they sat up an altar 
 on this side Jordan, in the 
 land of their possession, even 
 in Gilead. 
 
 6 IT And it came to pass, 
 when Joshua and the children 
 of Israel heard thereof, that 
 they assembled themselves to- 
 gether at Shiloh. 
 
 6 And Phinehas said, Lo ! 
 the people of Reuben, the peo- 
 ple of Gad, with the Manas- 
 sites, seek to make themselves 
 a separate people ; even as Ko- 
 rah, have they sinned. 
 
 7 For they have built a ta- 
 bernacle, and they have set up 
 an altar, on the other side 
 Jordan ; unto Shiloh will they 
 not come, at the place which 
 the Lord hath appointed will 
 they not appear, to offer sacri- 
 fices and burnt-offerings. 
 
 8 And Joshua said. Send 
 Phinehas, Caleb, and Jasher, 
 with the princes of Israel ; and 
 
 66 
 
 let them pass over Jordan, and A. M. 
 enquire at their hands the cause 2561 . 
 thereof. 
 
 9 And they went, and they 
 passed over Jordan : and they 
 saw the tabernacle and the al- 
 tar which the children of Reu- 
 ben, the children of Gad, and 
 the children of Manasseh, had 
 built, and behold thej' were 
 well to look unto. 
 
 10 And they said unto the 
 Reubenites, the Gadites, and 
 the Manassites, Wherefore 
 have ye thus trespassed in ma- 
 king yourselves a people to 
 rebel against the Lord ? 
 
 11 Tell us, we pray ye. 
 Wherefore have ye built a 
 tabernacle and an altar, besides 
 the tabernacle and the altar 
 which are in Shiloh ? 
 
 12 And the men of Reuben, 
 the men of Gad, and the men 
 of Manasseh, answered, and 
 said. The Lord, the God of our 
 fathers, knoweth, that as a 
 testimony have we built the 
 tabernacle and the altar. 
 
 13 For Jordan is between 
 us and Shiloh ; wherefore that 
 we, our wives, our sons, and 
 our daughters, might worship 
 the Lord, surely have we done 
 this thing. 
 
 14 And speak unto Joshua, 
 and unto our brethren on the 
 other side of the river of Jor- 
 dan, and say, 
 
 16 Thus say the men of 
 Reuben, the men of Gad, and 
 the men of Manasseh, As the 
 Lord liveth, we, and our sons.
 
 Reuben and Gad, their answer. 
 
 JASH E R. 
 
 Joshua, his death. 
 
 A. M. from sixteen years of age, shall 
 2661. appear once in every year be- 
 fore the Lord, in Shiloh. 
 
 16 Moreover^ whatsoever ye 
 shall command us, that will 
 we do. 
 
 17 And the words of the 
 Reubenites, of the Gadites, and 
 of the Manassites, were plea- 
 sing unto Phinehas, and unto 
 all those who were with him. 
 
 18 5[- Then Caleb, Phine- 
 has, Jashcr, with the princes, 
 lelurncd unto Joshua, and un- 
 to the children of Israel, in Shi- 
 loh. 
 
 19 And they said, Thus say 
 our brethren, the men of Reu- 
 ben, the men of Gad, and the 
 men of Manasseh, We are the 
 people of the Lord : and as 
 a testimony thereof have we 
 built for us, our wives, our 
 sons, and our daughters, a ta- 
 bernacle, and have set up an 
 altar. 
 
 20 And behold once in every 
 year will we, and our sons, 
 from sixteen years, and up- 
 wards, appear before the Lord, 
 in Shiloh. 
 
 21 And whatsoever ye shall 
 command us, that will we do. 
 
 22 And the thing pleased 
 Joshua, and all Israel; and they 
 said. We will not destroy the 
 land wherein the children of 
 Reuben, of Gad, and of Ma- 
 nasseh, dwell. 
 
 23 And they said, Their 
 chosen men shall bear testimo- 
 ny also among the elders of Is- 
 rael, at Shiloh. 
 
 66 
 
 21 Now had Israel rest from A. M. 
 all their enemies round al)out: 25G1. 
 for the people of the nations 
 feared greatly. 
 
 25 ^ And Joshua waxed old, 
 and he called for all Israel, and 
 he said : Behold, I have divi- 
 ded unto yoUj by lot, all the 
 land of Canaan, as an inheri- 
 tance for your tribes, possess 
 ye the land, as the Lord hath 
 promised unto you. 
 
 26 Now, therefore, fear ye 
 the Lord : and serve him in 
 sincerity, and in truth. 
 
 27 And the people said un- 
 to Joshua, We will serve the 
 Lord. 
 
 28 And when Joshua had 
 made an end of speaking, the 
 people departed, each man to 
 his dwelling. 
 
 29 And Joshua died, being 2564. 
 one hundred and ten years of 
 
 age. 
 
 30 And Eleazar, the son of 
 Aaron, died. 
 
 CHAP. XXXIV. 
 
 I Judah and Simeo?i lake pom^ession 
 of iheir tola. 4 Olhnivl smileth 
 Kirjaelh-sepher. 7 The IsracUles 
 suffer the CanaanUes to dwell 
 ainong them. \b Pliinehas re- 
 proves Ihe Jxraelites for so doing. 
 21 T/ie people tce'ep. 24 Calelj 
 dies. 
 
 1 ]\OW after the death of 2565. 
 
 Joshua, Judah said to 
 Simeon, Come thou, and let 
 us drive out the Canaanite out 
 of my lot : and I will go with 
 thee up into thy lot.
 
 Judah slays the Canaanites. 
 
 Chap, xxxiv. Phinehas reproves the Israelites. 
 
 (lie LorH. 
 
 A.M. 2 And they did so : and they 
 
 2565. slew of the Canaanites, ten 
 thousand men. 
 
 3 % And Caleb said, He 
 
 that smiteth Kirjaeth-sepher : 
 
 • ira. the en- to him will I give " Achsah, ray 
 
 chanter i 1.1 i T 
 
 daughter, to wire. 
 ' ffeb. hour of 4 And ''Othniel, the younger 
 brother of Caleb, took it : then 
 gave he unto him Achsah, his 
 daughter. 
 
 6 And the children of Ju- 
 dah said unto the Kenites, Ye 
 are the children of Jethro, who 
 was father-in-law to Moses, ye 
 shall dwell in the land, and ye 
 shall fight for us, and we will 
 fight for you, 
 
 6 Then Judah went up with 
 Simeon into his lot : and he 
 
 ihh. (he ba- took Gaza, ''Askalon, ''Ekron, 
 and the mountains. 
 
 7 But the inhabitants of the 
 valleys he could not drive out, 
 nor the Jebusites that dwell in 
 Jerusalem : wherefore they 
 dwell among them even to this 
 
 8 Joseph also in his lot did 
 not drive out the Canaanites : 
 but the Canaanites still dwell 
 among them. 
 
 9 Manasseh in his lot did not 
 utterly di-ive them out : for the 
 Canaanites would dwell in Me- 
 giddo, Dor, Taanach, and 
 Bethshean. 
 
 10 Neither did Ephraim 
 drive out the Canaanites : but 
 they dwelt with them in Ge- 
 zer. 
 
 11 The children of Zebu- 
 lun made the inhabitants of 
 
 67 
 
 lance, 
 
 '' /leb. enerva 
 
 (ed. 
 
 Kitron and Nahaleel their tri- A. M. 
 butaries. 2566. 
 
 12 The children of Ashur 
 also dwell among the Ca- 
 naanites, the inhabitants of the 
 land : in Aceho, Zidon, Ah- 
 lab, Achzib, Helbah, Aphik, 
 and Rehob. 
 
 13 Neither did Napthali 
 drive out the Canaanites : ne- 
 vertheless made they the inha- 
 bitants of Bethshemosh and of 
 Beth-anath tributaries. 
 
 14 So also the tribe of Dan 
 dwelt among the Canaanites. 
 
 15 % And it came to pass, 2668. 
 when the tribes of fhe chil- 
 dren of Israel had gone up each 
 
 unto his lot, that Phinehas, the 
 priest, spake unto the elders of 
 the people, and said : 
 
 16 What is this that you 
 have done ? Moses, the servant 
 of the Lord, said unto you, Ye 
 shall surely drive out all the 
 inhabitants of the land. 
 
 17 And behold ye have 
 made a league M^ith the Ca- 
 naanites, with the Jebusites, 
 with the Perrizzites, and with 
 the Aniorites: and ye dwell 
 among them. 
 
 18 And the elders of the 
 people said, They were too 
 strong for us : peradventure if 
 we had not made a league with 
 them, we had all perished, we, 
 our wives, and our children, 
 and all our flocks, and our herds, 
 and our gold, and our silver, 
 and our virgins ; even all our 
 possessions, had been a prey 
 unto them.
 
 Janher succeeds Caleb. 
 
 JASH E R. 
 
 Jasher jiidgeth in hrael- 
 
 A. M. 19 For who are they, now 
 
 2668. Moses and Joshua are dead, 
 
 who can lead forth all the 
 
 people to battle! 
 
 20 Then answered Phine- 
 has, and said, The Canaanites 
 will henceforth be as thorns 
 in your side, and their customs 
 will be as snares unto you : and 
 the Lord, the God of our fa- 
 thers, will not go forth with 
 our armies. 
 
 21 And the elders of the 
 people, lifted up their voice, 
 and wept : because of those 
 things, which should befall all 
 Israel. 
 
 22 IT Now Caleb ruled in 
 Israel after Joshua was dead, 
 twelve years. 
 
 23 And the people dwelt in 
 peace, all his days. 
 
 24 And Caleb died, and 
 was buried : and the children 
 of Israel mourned until the 
 thirtieth day. 
 
 CHAP. XXXV. 
 
 1 Jasher succeeds Caleb, his father. 
 7 Jezer ohlains leave to build a 
 dty. 1 1 Aznim, her complaint. 
 14 Ehud advises to stai/ the Ca- 
 naanites. 16 The Israelites sepa- 
 rate themselves from them. 28 
 Deborah, her request is granted. 
 
 2676. 1 \^li it came to pass af- 
 ter these things were 
 fulfilled, that Phinehas, and 
 the elders of the tribes of Is- 
 rael, assembled themselves to- 
 gether at Shiloh. 
 
 2 And they said, Who shall 
 judge Israel? for behold, now 
 58 
 
 2576. 
 
 Moses, Joshua, and Caleb, are A. M. 
 dead, the people of the Lord 2576. 
 are without a leader. 
 
 3 And they named Jasher, 
 the son of Caleb, by Azuba: 
 seeing he is an upright man. 
 
 4 And, moreover, this we 
 know, that he hath seen all the 
 wonders, wrought in Egypt, 
 in the wilderness : even all the 
 mighty works, that have been 
 done. 
 
 5 And the people shouted 
 for joy. 
 
 6 And Jasher judged Israel, 
 in Shiloh. 
 
 7 IT And it came to pass, 2577. 
 that "Jezer, his younger son, ■'^'*- dutiful, 
 said unto Jasher : Behold, I 
 
 pray thee, the land of Canaan, 
 how the people of the nations 
 mix with thy people. 
 
 8 Wherefore let thy son, 
 even thy son Jezer, build him 
 a city, after his name : that the 
 people of the land may be shut 
 out from among us. 
 
 9 And Jasher said : Be it 
 even as thou hast spoken. 
 
 10 And Jezer builded him 
 a city, in the tribe of .Judah: 
 the same is the habitation of 
 the Jasherites, unto this day. 
 
 11 IT Now it came to pass, 2679 
 when the elders of the chil- 
 dren of Israel were assembled 
 together at Shiloh, that Azuba, 
 
 the mother of Jasher, spake, 
 and said, 
 
 12 Lo! the nations will 
 swallow us up : the name of 
 our fathers will surely be for- 
 gotten.
 
 Ehud's advice. 
 
 Chap. xxxv. 
 
 Jasher's advice. 
 
 A M. 
 2679. 
 
 ' Hrll. IlllilV. 
 
 13 For the sons of Israel 
 defile themselves with the wo- 
 men of the nations : they have 
 forsaken the daughters of Ja- 
 cob. 
 
 14 And "Ehud said, Up, let 
 us slay the people of the na- 
 tions : let us utterly drive them 
 out of the land of Canaan. 
 
 ] 5 For so long as they be 
 among us, they will be a snare 
 unto us : and Israel shall be de- 
 filed. 
 
 IG Then spake Jezer, and 
 said, Separate yourselves from 
 among them : let the Canaan- 
 ites inhabit their cities, and 
 let us possess our cities. 
 
 17 ?o that they may not 
 come nigh unto us : nor that 
 we, nor our sons, draw nigh to 
 the people of the nations. 
 
 18 And Othniel stood forth, 
 and said, Would to God, it was 
 now with us, as it was in the 
 days of Moses, and Joshua, 
 when all Israel went forth to 
 the war: then might we drive 
 out the nations ! 
 
 19 For behold ! now the 
 armed men of each tribe are 
 for themselves, and for the lot 
 of their inheritance. 
 
 20 Moreover, it will hence- 
 forth behove us, that we per- 
 mit not all the males of Israel 
 at one time to appear before 
 the Lord in Shiloh, lest the 
 enemy noteth it. 
 
 21 Who shall lead Reuben 
 over Jordan : will Gad with 
 Manasseh now fight for us ? 
 
 22 Then spake Jasher and 
 
 59 
 
 said : Hear, O my people, A. M. 
 hearken unto the words, of the 2580. 
 son of Caleb, by Azuba. 
 
 23 Peradventure, the people 
 of the nations, are too strong 
 for us : and who is there now, 
 of the sons of Jacob, that shall 
 conquer. 
 
 24 Reject not, therefore the 
 counsels of Othniel, and of Je- 
 zer. iSufier ye the Canaanites, 
 the Perrizzites, the Hittites, the 
 Hivites, and the Amorites, to 
 dwell in their cities : and be- 
 sides the cities we possess of the 
 nations taken in the war, let us 
 build cities for our increase ; 
 for our sons, and our daugh- 
 ters, and their children, that 
 they dwell therein, and serve 
 the Lord, the God of Abra- 
 ham, the God of Isaac, and 
 the God of Jacob, who hath 
 brought us out, from under the 
 bondage of Egypt, unto the 
 promised land: a land flowing 
 with milk, and with honey. 
 
 25 So shall we, and those 
 who come after us, be a sepa- 
 rate people: sanctified unto the 
 Lord. 
 
 26 ^Moreover, thus hath said 
 the Lord, by the mouth of his 
 servant Closes, Your sons shall 
 not take to wife the daughters 
 of the children of Canaan ; lest 
 they be cut off from the con- 
 gregation. 
 
 27 And all the elders of Is- 
 rael cried out, and said, As 
 Jasher, our judge, hath spoken, 
 so shall it be. 
 
 28 f[ Then came "Deborah, 2681. 
 
 ' • Hti. the 
 word ; tnilh.
 
 Jasher nends messengers to Canaan, J A S H E R. 
 
 Jasher makes a league 
 
 A. M. the daiii^hter of Jasher, and 
 2581. said unto her lather: Behold 
 luy husband was slain belore 
 Makkedah, when Israel went 
 out to fight for the people of 
 Gibeon. 
 
 28 Wherefore that I, and 
 my sons, and my daughters, 
 may serve the Lord, let us 
 build us a city, that we may 
 dwell therein. 
 
 30 And Jasher said. Thou 
 hast said it : and call thou its 
 name Debir. 
 
 CHAP. XXXVI. 
 
 1 Jasher sends messe/igers unto ike 
 kings of Canaiin. H He assembles 
 (hem nigh Bethel. 8 Jasher and 
 the kings make a league. 15 The 
 Israelites serve the Lord, all the 
 days of Jasher. 
 
 2582. 1 AND it came to pass in 
 those days, that Jasher 
 sent messengers unto all the 
 kings, and unto all the nations 
 of Canaan : and he wrote un- 
 to them, saying: 
 
 2 Jasher, the judge of all Is- 
 rael, unto the kings of the sea- 
 coasts, the kings of the moun- 
 tains, and the kings of the val- 
 leys, greeting: Know ye, that 
 Moses, the servant of the Lord, 
 hath commanded us, that we 
 should not dwell with you in 
 your cities, nor follow after 
 your customs : and that we 
 should not suffer you to dwell 
 with us in our cities. 
 
 3 Seeing we worship the 
 Lord, who made heaven, and 
 
 GO 
 
 earth, and all things therein : A. M. 
 and ye fall down, and worship, 2582. 
 Baalim, and the gods of your 
 own imaginations. 
 
 4 That we shall not give 
 our daughters unto your sons, 
 nor take your daughters for 
 our sons. 
 
 5 Wherefore thus saith Ja- 
 sher, It behoveth, that ye as- 
 semble yourselves together, at 
 Bethel : that I, and all the el- 
 ders of Israel, may covenant 
 with you. 
 
 6 •[ And in those days, the 2583. 
 kings and princes of the sea- 
 coasts, the kings of the moun- 
 tains, and the kings of the val- 
 leys, assembled themselves to- 
 gether, nigh unto Bethel, in the 
 
 way as thou goest up to Beth- 
 horon. 
 
 7 And Jasher, and all the 
 elders of the tribes of Israel, 
 came there also. 
 
 8 And Jasher stood forth, 
 and he spake unto all the 
 kings of the sea-coasts, the 
 kings of the mountains, and 
 the kings of the valleys, and 
 said : To live in peace surely, 
 that there be no more war be- 
 tween us, our sons, and our 
 sons' sons, are we now come. 
 
 6 Behold, now, O, ye na- 
 tions ! chuse you out in eve- 
 ry tribe, the cities ye are wil- 
 ling to dwell in, and all those 
 lands, and possessions, which 
 shall be yours : and be ye unto 
 yourselves. 
 
 10 That your families re- 
 main inhabiters of the land.
 
 The Israelites serve the Lord ; 
 
 Chap, xxxvir. 
 
 TAey build synagogues. 
 
 A. M. and that ye eat the fruit of 
 2583. your increase. 
 
 11 Then answered all the 
 kings of the sea-coasts, the 
 kings of the mountains, and 
 the kings of the valleys, and 
 they said : What thou, O Ja- 
 sher, judge of all Israel, hath 
 spoken, seenieth unto us good : 
 and all that thou commandest, 
 that will we do. 
 
 12 And they bowed down 
 before Jasher ; and before all 
 the elders of Israel. 
 
 13 And they did all that 
 Jasher had spoken, and they 
 took them cities, lands, and 
 possessions, in every tribe : 
 even such as Jasher, and the 
 elders of Israel, had appointed 
 for them. 
 
 14 And the people of Israel 
 dwelt in their cities, and had 
 their lands, and their posses- 
 sions ; and the people of the 
 nations dwelt in their cities, 
 and had their lands, and pos- 
 sessions : and they are separa- 
 ted even unto this day. 
 
 15 IT And the children of 
 Israel served the Lord all the 
 days of Jasher, who had seen 
 all the great works done for 
 Israel, in Egypt, and in the 
 wilderness. 
 
 16 And Israel rested from 
 war, all the days of Jasher: 
 observing all things written in 
 the book of the covenant, and 
 Israel did not defile themselves 
 with the women of the na- 
 tions. 
 
 61 
 
 CHAP. XXXVII. 
 
 1 The Israelites build them syna- 
 gogues in every city. 3 The 
 priests read the covenant (here- 
 in. 3 They buiUl no altar. 6 
 Jasher appoints rulers of cities. 8 
 Various habits to be worti. 10 
 Jasher assembles the elders. 13 
 Jle reminds (hem of Conner things. 
 21 His charge to the elders. 23 
 Othniel is to succeed Jasher. 24 
 Jasher blesses Israel. 26 Jazer 
 buiUls an ark; 28 in which 
 Jasher (ays up (he book which he 
 had icroie. 
 
 1 ]yOW it came to pass in 
 process of time, when the 
 children of Israel had built 
 them cities, and had gotten 
 them possessions, in the land of 
 Canaan, that they grew migh- 
 ty ; and for number, they were 
 as the sand on the sea-shore. 
 
 2 And they built little taber- 
 nacles in every city ; and in 
 every town. 
 
 3 And the priests and Le- 
 vites, on every sabbath-day, 
 read before the people of every 
 city, and of every town, the 
 law, and the statutes : and they 
 rehearsed, in the ears of all the 
 people, the mighty Morks that 
 were done in Egypt, and in the 
 wilderness. 
 
 4 But they sat up no altar, 
 neither did they offer burnt-of- 
 fei-ings, or peace-oflerings, save 
 only at Shiloh. 
 
 5 But the children of Israel, 
 throughout all their tribes, kept 
 the passover, and the feasts ; as 
 Moses had appointed. 
 
 A. M 
 2594
 
 Various garments appointed. 
 
 J A S H E R. 
 
 Jashefs charge to the people. 
 
 A. M. 
 
 2695. 
 
 2697. 
 
 2699. 
 
 6 H And Jasher appointed 
 rulers of cities ; and rulers of 
 towns. 
 
 7 And the people dwelt in 
 peace ; and they walked up- 
 rightly. 
 
 8 H And it came to pass, 
 that Ja.sher spake unto all the 
 children of Israel, before the 
 door of the tabernacle of the 
 congregation, and he said. The 
 garments of the virgin, of the 
 virgin betrothed, of the mar- 
 ried woman, and of the widow, 
 shall from henceforth note 
 them as such^ that ye may 
 be chaste before the Lord, 
 your God. 
 
 9 Likewise the garments of 
 the young man, of the marri- 
 ed man, and of the widower, 
 shall note them as such, that 
 ye may be blameless. 
 
 10 And they said. All these 
 things will we, our wives, cur 
 sons, and our daughters, ob- 
 serve to do. 
 
 11 U Now it came to pass, 
 that Jasher assembled togetiier 
 Phinehas, the priest, and Oth- 
 niel, and all the elders of Is- 
 rael : 
 
 12 And Jasher spake unto 
 them, and he said : Lo ! the 
 days of my life are many, and 
 the time is at hand that I shall 
 return to the place of my fa- 
 thers ; 
 
 13 Hear therefore the words 
 of Jasher : 
 
 14 Call to mind the days 
 of old ; remember the times 
 that are past. 
 
 62 
 
 15 Our father Jacob dwelt 
 in Hebron in this land. 
 
 16 And there was a sore 
 famine in Canaan. 
 
 17 Now Pharaoh, king of 
 Egypt, had advanced Joseph, 
 one of the sons of Jacob. 
 
 18 Wherefore went he in- 
 to Egypt, and he dwelt in the 
 land of Goshen ; and he died 
 there. 
 
 19 After the death of Jacob, 
 the Egyptians oppressed your 
 brethren. 
 
 20 Then came Moses from 
 Midian, and delivered us out 
 of bondage ; and led us through 
 the Red Sea into the wilder- 
 ness. 
 
 21 And now behold this 
 day, is fulfilled the prophecy of 
 Abraham : Unto thy seed will 
 I give this land. 
 
 22 Ye are for multitude a 
 great people : and it shall come 
 to pass, that if you observe the 
 statutes, and ordinances, of the 
 Lord, and walk uprightly, ye 
 shall drive out the remnant of 
 the Gentiles. 
 
 23 Wherefore I charge ye 
 this day, that ye command 
 your sons, that they do not 
 take them wives of the na- 
 tions : it is an abomination, it 
 bringeth destruction. 
 
 24 And lo, Othniel! per- 
 ad venture he shall judge Israel 
 after I am no more. 
 
 25 And Jasher blessed Is- 
 rael, and he said. The Lord, 
 the God of Aiiraham, the God 
 of Isaac, and the God of Ja- 
 
 A. M. 
 2699.
 
 Jasher blesses his children. 
 
 Chap, xxxvii. 
 
 The ark is buUt. 
 
 A. M. cob, prosper your going-out, 
 2600. and your coming-in. 
 
 26 H And it came to pass 
 on the morroWj that Jasher 
 called unto him, his sons, and 
 his daughters; and he blessed 
 them, and he said, 
 
 27 The days of my life are 
 one hundred and twelve years : 
 these are the days of my pil- 
 grimage. 
 
 28 And Jasher said. This 
 book which I have written, 
 ye shall neither add to, nor di- 
 minish from : it is thine, and thy 
 sons, to possess for ever. 
 
 29 That the elders of Is- 
 rael, and the children not yet 
 
 63 
 
 born, may read and praise the 
 Lord. 
 
 30 H And when Jasher had 
 made an end of speaking, he 
 called unto him Jazer, his 
 eldest son, and he said unto 
 him. Build now an ark, that I 
 may put therein this testimony : 
 and do thou lay it up in the 
 city of Jezer. 
 
 31 And Jazer builded an 
 ark of Gopher-wood, and he 
 brought it unto his father, and 
 Jasher put therein the book, 
 which he had written. 
 
 32 And Jazer laid it up in 
 the city of Jezer. 
 
 A. M. 
 
 2600. 
 
 THE END OF THE BOOK OF JASHER.
 
 NOTES. 
 
 IT cannot be conceived that the author who 
 so admirably describes the most High by his 
 name JEHOVAH, could intend to exclude his 
 divine agency in the work of Creation ; and 
 therefore, when he says, The ether moved upon 
 the surface of the chaos, we must understand 
 the ether as a subordinate agent, under the 
 direction and influence of the first great cause. 
 The terra Ruach, signifies spirit, breath, or wind, 
 but when the Elohim is added, it signifies the 
 energetic power and influence of JEHOVAH, 
 and frequently the Holy Spirit. This all-pervading 
 energj' first gave motion to the ether, this com- 
 municated it to the dull insensible matter of the 
 chaos, put life and motion into it, and produced 
 the separation of the elements of air and fire, 
 from earth and water, so that the abyss fled 
 before the face of the light, and divided between 
 the light, and the darkness. The ether, or 
 firmament above, and the earth below, at first, 
 only a mass of matter, but, by the agency of 
 the Divine Being, using subordinate means, at 
 length, subsided by its various stratas, so as to 
 form the terraqueous globe, the waters subsi- 
 ding to their proper channels. 
 
 The opinions of the numerous theorists, such 
 as Burnet, Whiston, and others, widely differ 
 on the nature of the abyss. The one insisting 
 that there was no visible sea, but that tlie 
 waters formed the abyss in the centre of the 
 earth ; the other, that the waters from the 
 beginning, formed their own channels. The 
 sacred historian, Moses, and the author of this 
 
 Chronicle, leave these matters without expla- 
 nation, only in general terms, declaring the se- 
 paration of the grosser matter, the earth, from 
 the finer matter of air and water. 
 
 It appears, both from Moses and Jasher, that 
 the creation of the sun and moon is a glorious 
 display of the divine power, and that their utility 
 in the system is of the first importance, the 
 one to rule the light, and the other to rule the 
 darkness. 
 
 The formation of the earth was followed by 
 the production of vegetable and animal sub- 
 stances ; the latter not being created until 
 a provision was made for their subsistence, the 
 beast and every creeping thing from the earth, 
 the fishes from the waters, and the fowl from 
 the ether; each after their kind, with the power 
 of propagating their species, so as to continue 
 their various orders, in perpetual succession, 
 without any new act of creation. Herein the 
 divine power and energy are displayed in a 
 most excellent manner, and may induce a due 
 obedience to that command, Let every thing that 
 hath breath, praise the Lord. 
 
 When all these things were finished, although 
 the distinct work of each day is not mentioned, 
 it is evident that Jasher attributes all things 
 to God, as their author. Then having formed 
 this noble theatre of nature, he beheld it 
 with approbation, and having prepared it as 
 the habitation of some superior being to what 
 hitherto existed, he created man. This act, from 
 the expression used, intimates design and coun-
 
 2 
 
 Testimonies and Notes concerning the Book of JASHER. 
 
 sel ; and Moses beautifully expresses it by 
 the important words, " Let us make man in 
 our own image." And again, after his creation, 
 " So God made man in his own image." Both in 
 his spiritual and corporal state, he was made a 
 resemblance of the moral and political image of 
 God, as well as of his immortality and eternity. 
 
 It is evident that man Icnew his Creator, and 
 was impressed with awe of liis Majesty, and 
 reverence of his power and glory ; but especially 
 of the higliest admiration of his bounty and 
 goodness, of his favour and love. The im- 
 pressions of Deity upon his mind, were those 
 which produced confidence, love, joy, and de- 
 light ; and rendered obedience, not only rational, 
 but grateful and pleasing; no reluctancy, no 
 hesitation, no delay; all was harmony, peace, 
 and love; creation smiled in all its richest pro- 
 ductions, man enjoyed them with innocence, and 
 returned his homage, devotion, and obedience. 
 
 Edi/or. 
 Notes on Chap. I. 
 ADAM was perfect in his generation, complete in 
 his stature ; of the most extensive knowledge, 
 walking uprightly, and eschewing evil. Eve was 
 perfect in her generation, amiable, and lovely to 
 look unto ; of modest behaviour, of consummate 
 chastity ; beautiful, walking uprightly, and hating 
 iniquity. Between these two, there was no 
 superiority, they were both made at one time, 
 and they both had the same powers of knowledge. 
 Hur, out of the book of Aaron. 
 
 Notes on Chap. II. 
 NOAH was the first who buildod up a ship, 
 a floating house, an ark, to remain upon the 
 surface of the waters. With this he visited 
 the opposite land, and improved fishing ; and his 
 sons after him transj)lanted themselves to distant 
 lands. Hur. 
 
 At this time all the people of the earth spake 
 one language, and lived in common ; were of 
 one mode, of one form, and of one way of life. 
 
 Hur. 
 
 And it came to pass when the sons of Jaj)het 
 saw that the land was burthened with people, 
 by reason of the longevity of men at this time, 
 and the number of children born unto them, 
 and having now built themselves floating habita- 
 tions, and inventt»d the sail, they sought distant 
 lands. Hur. 
 
 The sons of Japhet settled in that |)art of Asia 
 the less, which lietli upon the Mediterranean. 
 
 Ben Zaddi. 
 
 In the days of Peleg it came to pass, that 
 men first began to inclose lands. He enacted 
 the laws of property. lie settled the bounds 
 of families ; he first gave particular inheritances ; 
 he grew an arbitrator ; lands were given by him 
 for cultivation ; infringers hence became culpable 
 of his displeasure ; punishments, riches, pride, 
 government, poverty, idleness, and rebellion, 
 ensued. Thus, at this time, j)e(iple, friends, were 
 dispersed ; different interests destroyed union ; 
 avarice arose. One, from distance of place, be- 
 came stranger and enemy to the other; contests 
 and local vices sprung up. Leaders, rulers, 
 teachers, arose ; new words and ideas took place ; 
 so that, in process of time, people who under- 
 stood one another heretofore, could not con- 
 verse ; hence misunderstandings, misrepresen- 
 tations, enmities, evil-s[)eaking, wiir, &c. On. 
 
 Nimrod arose and opposed himself to Peleg. 
 Now Nimrod was a man whose way of life was 
 opponent to inclosures, for he was a hunter ; 
 lie ranged the lands, and slew the beasts of the 
 field, with an arrow from the bow. He s|)ake 
 against the sayings of Peleg ; but it came to 
 pass, that Peleg was mightier than Nimrod. 
 Wherefore Nimrod said unt(j those that were 
 with him: Let us also build us cities to dwell 
 in, lest Peleg and those that are with him be too 
 many for us. This was the beginning of the 
 kingdom of Babylon, and Nimrod was the first 
 king thereof. Phinehan. 
 
 Notes on Chap. III. 
 NOW had the world subsisted about two thou- 
 sand years, and from their dispersion and differ- 
 ent views and interests, different modes of 
 worship had arisen ; men had forsaken the 
 precepts of the patriarchs, the natural worship 
 of the Deity ; set up symbols of the Deity ; 
 worshipped in groves, estranged themselves 
 concerning the truth ; their ideas became, through 
 vice, circumscribed; the discerning few now 
 got rule; irregularity and punishment stalked. 
 Abraham, seeing the defection of his brethren, 
 counselled them to return to the ways of old; 
 but they had gone so far astray, and had so be- 
 wildered themselves, that they could not return
 
 Testimonies and Notes concerning the Book of J ASHE R. 
 
 to their primitive way of worship and life. 
 This obliiied Abraham to leave their society, 
 that he, and his family, might serve the Lord, 
 persuaded, that if he, and his, walked uprightly, 
 that from him would arise a great people, by 
 whose example the nations would be led to 
 serve the Lord. Hur. 
 
 Tradition saith. That the patriarch Abraham 
 heard a voice as from heaven, commanding him 
 to slay his son Isaac, as he was in the field alone 
 by himself. Abraham returns to his wife Sarah 
 disconsolate. Sarah enquires the cause, and 
 Abraham tells her, that a voice from heaven had 
 said unto him. Take thy son, and slay him, and 
 offer him up a burnt-offering in the land wherein 
 he was born. Upon this, Sarah, who was a 
 woman of great wisdom and discernment, expos- 
 tulated with Abraham, and convinced him that 
 it could not be the voice of God ; and her argu- 
 ment was very conclusive: If the holy voice 
 has said, Of thee I will make a great nation, the 
 holy voice cannot say this, because if thou slayest 
 thy son, how can the former be fulfilled ? Hur. 
 
 Notes on Chap. IV. 
 
 JASHER takes no notice why Joseph was 
 advanced in the court of Pharaoh ; and therefore 
 it may be presumed, that so many stories were 
 extant, tliat be could not with certainty adopt 
 one. However, the most probable I will here 
 set down, as a remark on that part of Jasher 
 which concerns Joseph. Joseph was the beloved 
 of Jacob, and obtained leave of his father, to 
 travel into Egypt; for, says he, there will be a 
 famine in the land of Canaan, and I will go and 
 provide corn for you and my brethren at Zoan, 
 that ye perish not. Accordingly, Josejih had 
 not been long at Zoan before there hajipened 
 to be a great increase of corn in that land ; but 
 in the land of Canaan, the earth brought not 
 forth. Now Pharaoh sent and gathered together 
 all the wise men of bis kingdom, and he said 
 unto them : Behold, the earth giveth of its 
 increase, thrice told, and there is as much 
 more food for the people than they want, and 
 moreover the hands are not equal to the harvest ! 
 what shall we do '? And the wise men knew 
 not. And it was proclaimed, saying. Whoso- 
 ever shall resolve the thing, he shall stand before 
 Pharaoh. And it was told unto Pharaoh, that 
 
 Joseph, the stranger, the son of Jacob, who 
 dwelt at Hebron, in the land of Canaan, could 
 unfold the secret. Then Pharaoh called for 
 Joseph, and Pharaoh said unto him. Speak. 
 Then Joseph bowed himself before Pharaoh, 
 and said, The Lord God of his fathers had re- 
 vealed it unto him, that there should be great 
 plenty in Egypt, and that there would be great 
 dearth in the land of Canaan, which dearth was 
 then actually begun ; wherefore, O king, build 
 storehouses in every city, and buy ye of the Egyp- 
 tians the surplus of their abundance; perad ven- 
 ture this time of plenty will be succeeded by a 
 time of want and scarcity. Then Pharaoh ad- 
 vanced Joseph. Pkinehas. 
 
 There is but one expression in Jasher which 
 points at all the evils which the administration 
 of Joseph brought on the Egyptians, it is this ; 
 And he was a stranger in the land of Egypt : 
 and he bought Egypt with a price. The Egyp- 
 tians, before the advancement of Joseph, was a 
 free people ; they paid no tax towards the 
 support of the government, nor of the priesthood. 
 As Joseph had prophesied, so it came to pass : 
 the time of plenty was succeeded by a time 
 of want and scarcity. And then it was, that he 
 sold unto the people at a great price, the in- 
 crease he had before bought for a very low price. 
 When he had exhausted the monej-, and the 
 jewels of the people, and brought the wealth of 
 Egypt into the king's coffers, and the people 
 still wanted food, he then bargains with them that 
 they should pawn their lands. And when the 
 dearth was over, then it came to pass, that all 
 Egypt by a perpetual decree rendered the fifth 
 of its increase unto Pharaoh. Phinehas. 
 
 The Hebrews were oppressed by the Egvp- 
 tians by a taxation, and which was as a brick 
 for hardness. When Pharaoh saw that they were 
 become a great people for number, he sent unto 
 them, that they should bear some part of the 
 public burthen, towards the maintenance and 
 dignity of the state ; he alledged, that when 
 the famine was in the land of Canaan, the corn 
 of Egypt saved their lives ; and therefore thev 
 should give them the tenth of their increase, of 
 their flocks, of their herds, and of their grounds. 
 The children of Israel, who had lived free from 
 the least demand of any kind, for three hundred 
 years and upwards, regarded this imposition, as
 
 Testimonies and Notes concerning the Book of JASHER. 
 
 a brick, that is, as a hard thing, and were un- 
 easy under it. Hur. 
 
 Notes on Cliap. V. 
 MIRIAM was born fifteen years before Moses. 
 She was the daughter of Amram, by .lochebed, 
 his wife ; one who to great natural [)arts added 
 that of great thought and foresight. The decree 
 coming forth, that the Hebrew males should all 
 be slain as they were born, and she having heard 
 how good-natured the daughter of Pharaoh 
 was, proposed to her parents, that she would 
 carry her brother Moses, and meet the princess 
 as she walked by the river side, which was the 
 custom of the princess every morning to do, and 
 seem as though she was going to drown the 
 infant. By which means, says Miriam, when 
 the princess beholdeth the child, pcradventure 
 she may enquire what I am about to do with 
 the infant. Then will I answer, and say, I am 
 going to drown it, it being an infant male of the 
 children of .lacob, according to the decree of 
 Pharaoh, thy father, which says, Every male 
 that openeth the womb, among the children of 
 Jacob, shall ye drown in the river. O, says 
 Jochebed, thou art as a sea of bitterness unto 
 me ! O my daughter, thou hast ingulphed me in 
 an ocean of perplexity ! Be not afraid, says 
 Miriam, whether is it not all one, that he perish 
 by the hands and command of the daughter of 
 Pharaoh, or by the slayers of infants ; we cannot 
 always hide him from knowledge. The morn 
 arose, the sun rejoiced to run his course, and 
 all nature smiled, when Miriam, almost by force, 
 takes up the lovely infant, whose innocent looks 
 were enough to engage every eye, and away 
 she carries him to the banks of the river, to 
 meet the princess. Jochebed and Amram 
 follow at some distance, waiting the event. The 
 princess was taking her morning walk, attended 
 by her women. Now Miriam had placed her- 
 self under a tree, where she knew the princess 
 would pass by, and was there kissing, and taking, 
 as it were, her last farewell of her brother, and 
 as the princess approached, was swaddling it 
 up, that with the greater convenience she might 
 throw it into the river, and then she kisses it 
 again, and the tears flowed from her eyes. The 
 princess and the ladies stood at some distance, 
 viewing and thinking what the meaning of this 
 
 thing could be ; and seeing that the young 
 woman looked at the water, and then at the 
 child, imagined that she was going to drown it. 
 Upon this, the princess calls earnestly to Miriam, 
 and asks her, what she was going to do with the 
 infant ? Miriam advances, and says, I am about 
 to drown it, even as Pharaoh has commanded. 
 How ! says the princess, sure Pharaoh has not 
 said it. Then answered Miriam, Thy father 
 hath said. Every male that openeth the womb, 
 among the children of Jacob, shall ye drown in 
 the river. And this is the first which hath 
 opened the womb since the decree hath been 
 made. And the princess said. Give me the 
 child. Miriam having delivered the child, the 
 princess encjuires for one to nurse it. Here 
 Miriam produces his mother, Jochebed, to be a 
 nurse for her brother. And the princess said, 
 He shall be my son, and his name shall be 
 called Moses, because I have taken him from 
 the water, wherein he was to be drowned. Then 
 Jochebed took Moses, and returned unto her 
 house, and she said to her daughter. Behold, 
 now thou art unto me as an uplifting. Aaron, at 
 this time, was three years old. The princess 
 that very day went unto Pharaoh, and got the 
 decree revoked. Thus did Miriam, when fifteen 
 years of age, contrive the revoking of the decree 
 of Pharaoh, concerning the munler of the infant 
 males of the children of Israel. 
 
 Hur, Old of the Ijook of Aaron. 
 Miriam from hence became the admired of 
 the Hebrews : every tongue sang of her praise. 
 She taught Israel ; she tutored the children of 
 Jacob; and the people called her, by way of 
 eminence. The Teacher. She studied the good of 
 the nation, and .-Varon and the p(;ople hearkened 
 unto her. To her the people bowed ; to her 
 the afflicted came. Israel enjoyed peace all the 
 time of the days of the princess, who succoured 
 Moses. Miriam was ninety-five years of age, 
 when Moses came from Midian. And Aaron 
 was eighty and three. And Moses was eighty 
 years of age. Hur, out of the Book of Anron. 
 It was a tradition in my time, that the princess 
 carried Moses to her father, and by shevving him 
 the infant, and expostulating with him concerning 
 the barbarity of those who had counselled the 
 decree, prevailed on the king to revoke it. Hur.
 
 Testimonies and Notes concerning the Book of JASHER. 
 
 5 
 
 Notes on Chap. VI. 
 MOSES, who till now, had Ih'ed altogether in 
 the court of Pharaoh, leaves Zoan, and goes 
 into Goshen to visit his brethren, the Hebrews: 
 when there, he encourages them to revolt from 
 the Egyptians. Pharaoh hearing of this, Moses 
 thought it best to fly into Midian, being then 
 forty years of age. There he marries Zipporah, 
 the daughter of Jethro, who was the son of Esau, 
 who was the son of Isaac. Jethro was a great 
 man ; one who had given laws to his people, and 
 was both a king and a priest. He was a wor- 
 shipper of the true God, but did not use circum- 
 cision among his people ; yet he ordained a 
 priesthood, and appointed the observation of 
 sabbaths, and of feasts, and kept holy days. 
 There was a particular enmity notwithstanding, 
 betwixt the descendants of Jacob and those of 
 Esau ; and Jacob had particularly cautioned his 
 children not to marry among the uncircumcised. 
 Jethro, finding that Moses was a man of great 
 policy, and versed in all the learning and magic 
 of the Egyptians, gives him his eldest daughter, 
 Zipporah, to wife ; by whom Moses had two sons, 
 Gershom and Eliezar. At the expiration of forty 
 years afterwards, Moses is told by Jetliro, that 
 Pharaoh, who sought his life, was dead ; is 
 advised to go up into EgN'pt, to endeavour to 
 bring liis brethren from under the yoke of Pha- 
 raoh into the wilderness, and there to make them 
 a separate people, under a particular government 
 of their own. Moses, flushed with the thoughts 
 of success, brings out of Midian, Zipporali and 
 her two sons, and comes into Goshen : but the 
 elders knew him not, and tell him, that he had 
 transgressed the precepts of Jacob, in marrying 
 Zipporah. Upon which disgust of the Hebrews, 
 Moses sends Zipporah, and her two sons, back 
 to Jethro. Hnr. 
 
 And it came to pass, during the time Moses 
 was in Midian, which was the space of forty 
 years, that Caleb, who was a ruler among the 
 sons of Jacob, and a mighty man, invented the 
 arrow, and the bow, and trained up the males to 
 the use of it, and he, and his followers, became 
 expert in it. This was a contrivance that was 
 more excellent than the javelin : he found he 
 could kill the enemy hereby at a great distance ; 
 wherefore the Hebrews in this respect became 
 too mighty for the Egyptians. Olhiiivl. 
 
 Notes 071 Chap. VII. VIII. IX. X. XI. 
 MOSES persuades the Hebrews to leave Goshen, 
 and go into the wilderness. They ask of him a 
 sign : he gives them many, svhich they believe. 
 But Pharaoh, whenMoses went to him, would not 
 believe. After many persuasions, with the ad- 
 vice of all his princes, Pharaoh lets them go 
 upon certain conditions, which the Epvptians 
 told him the Hebrews had not performed ; at 
 which Pharaoh was provoked, and pursues 
 Moses and the people. Of which Moses having 
 intelligence, he changes his course, and (when 
 at the extremity of the Red Sea, purposing to 
 lead the Hebrews to the foot of mount Sinai, 
 and put them under the protection of the Mi- 
 dianites, lest Pharaoh should pursue him, and 
 in his rage slay the Hebrews,) turns off' towards 
 Baal-zeplion, in which neighbourhood Moses 
 encamped. When Pharaoh and his host came 
 to Etham, seven days after Moses had left the 
 place, he was informed, that Moses, instead of 
 going straight forward into the wilderness, was 
 gone to Baal-zephon. Here Pharaoh stops, his 
 troops being fatigued with a sudden and hasty 
 march, and sends to demand of Moses satisfac- 
 tion for what injury the Hebrews had done the 
 Egyptians. Upon this, Moses sends Jasher to 
 tell Pharaoh, that he w<.)uld search out the 
 offenders, and deliver them up, and such resti- 
 tution should be made as shuuld be satisfactory 
 to them, and that this should be done by the 
 fourth day. To this Pharaoh agreed, indeed he 
 was necessitated to stay, for his troops were 
 so harassed and faint, that they wanted rest. 
 Moses, having thus gained time, disposes the 
 march of his people over the sands of the Red 
 Sea, in the manner following : He ordered 
 Aaron to lead the van into the sea, at the recess 
 of the water ; they went in, a man and a woman; 
 the women carrying and leading the infants, and 
 the men carrying the baggage. Thus did they 
 march ; the tribe of Levi and the tribe of Joseph 
 got over that reflux ; the next, the tribe of Judah 
 and the tribe of Simeon ; the next, the tribe of 
 Benjamin and the tribe of Ephraim ; the next, 
 the tribe of Zebulun and the tribe of Issachar ; 
 the next, the tribe of Dan and the half-tribe of 
 Manassch ; the next, the half-tribe of Manasseh, 
 and all the women and children of the tribe of 
 Reuben and the tribe of Gad, with their bag-
 
 6 
 
 Testimonies and Notes concerning he Book o/ JASHER. 
 
 gage. Moses liavinjf tluis dismissed all, excej)! 
 Uie men of IJoiiben and Gad, about midnight 
 blew the trumpet, and he led the jieoplc through 
 the sea with a hasty march, for which he had 
 prepared them by sending away their wives, 
 children, and baggage. Moses had so well 
 contrived to cut oft' all intercourse between the 
 Hebrews and the Egyptians, that the latter 
 knew not that the former had lied. On the 
 fourth day, in the morning, Pharaoh sends to 
 demand restitution, but behold Moses witii the 
 tribes of Reuben and (lad hud crossed the Red 
 Sea, in the preceding night. They hastened 
 unto Pharaoh, and told him, that the Hebrews 
 fled by the way of the Red Sea ; (for there was 
 a road which led through there, at the reflux, 
 for foot-passengers, but was not at all commo- 
 dious for horses and ciiariots.) Now during 
 the time that Moses and the tribes passed 
 through the sea, by night the moon shone ; but 
 afterwords, tiie ilurk nights came on and the rains 
 fell. Pharaoh pursued Moses to Baal-zejjlion, 
 and there he was told in what manner the He- 
 brews passed the sands of the Red Sea. At 
 this, Pharaoh was greatly disheartened, and he 
 said, Let us return from whence we came, for 
 we cannot go over the sands with our horses 
 and chariots ; and could we cross with \vdvi of 
 the host of Egypt, for all cannot ])ass at one 
 reflux, the Hebrews will slay us. Wherefore 
 Pharaoh cursed the people of Jacob, he and all 
 the host of Egyi)t, and returned to Zoan. Htir. 
 Everv one knows the famous miracle of the 
 passage over the Red Sea, when the Lord 
 opened this sea, dried it uj), and made the 
 Israelites ])ass through it, dry-shod, to the 
 number of 600,000, without reckoning old men, 
 women, or children. Some ancient authors 
 have advanced, that Moses, having lived long 
 near the Red Sea, in the country of Midian, 
 had observed that it kept its regular ebbing and 
 flowing, like the ocean ; so that taking tlie ad- 
 vantage of the time of the ebb, he led the 
 Hetirews over ; but the Egyptians, not knowing 
 the nature of the sea, and rashly entering into 
 it just before the return of the tide, were all 
 swallowed up, and drowned, as Moses relates. 
 Thus the jiriests of Memjihis explained it ; and 
 this opinion lias been ado{)ted by a great number 
 of moderns. 
 
 In the queries of Michiclis sent to Niebulir, 
 when in Egypt, it was [iroposed to him to 
 enquire upon the spot, " Whether ther(> were 
 not some ridges of rocks where the water was 
 shallow, so that an array at particular times may 
 pass over?" Secondly, " Whether the Etesian 
 winds, which blow strongly all the summer from 
 the North West, could not blow so violently 
 against the sea, as to keep it back on a heaj), 
 so that the Israelites might have passed without 
 a miracle ?" 
 
 A copy of these queries was left also for Mr. 
 Bruce, the traveller, who justly observed as 
 follows : " I must confess, however learned 
 the gentlemen were who proposed these doubts, 
 I did not think they merited any attention to 
 solve them." 
 
 This passage is told us by Scripture to be a 
 miraculous one ; and, if so, we have notliing to 
 do with natural causes. 
 
 If we do not believe Moses, we need not 
 believe the transaction at all, seeing that it is 
 from his authority alone we derive it. If we 
 believe in God, that he made the sea, we must 
 believe he can divide it when he sees a jiroper 
 reason ; and of that he must be the only judge. 
 It is no greater miracle to divide the Red Sea, 
 than to divide the river Jordan. 
 
 If the Eastern wind, blowing from the North 
 West in summer, could keep uj) the sea, as a 
 wall on the right, or to the South, of fifty feet 
 high, still the difticulty would remain of building 
 the wall on the left hand, or to the North ; 
 besides, water standing in that position for a 
 day, must have lost the nature of fluid. 
 
 Whence came that cohesion of particles which 
 hindered that vsall to escape at the sides ? Tliis 
 is as great a miracle as that of Moses. If the 
 Etesian winds had done this once, they must 
 have repeated it many a time before and since, 
 from the same causes. It appears however, 
 from the accurate observations of Niebulir and 
 Bruce, that there is no ledge of rocks running 
 across the gulph anywhere, to afi'ord a shallow 
 passage. 
 
 The second query, about the Etesian, or 
 Northerly wind, is refuted by the express men- 
 tion of a strong Easterly wind blowing across, 
 and scooping out a dry passage ; not th.'it it was 
 necessary for Omnipotence to employ it there
 
 Testimonies and Notes concerning the Book of JASHER. 
 
 as an instrument, any more than at Jordan ; but 
 it seems to be introduced in the sacred history 
 by way of anticii)ation, to exclude the natural 
 agency that might in after times be emphjyed 
 for solving the miracle. It is remarkable, that 
 the monsoon in the Red Sea blows the summer 
 half of the year from the North, the winter half, 
 from the South ; neither of which would produce 
 the miracle in question. 
 
 The tides in this sea are moderate. At Suez 
 the difference between high and low waters did 
 not exceed from three to four feet, according 
 to Niebuhr's observations on the tides in that 
 gulph, during the years 1762, and 1763. It is 
 evident from the text of Moses, and other sacred 
 authors, who have mentioned this miraculous 
 passage, that no other account is supportable, 
 than that which supposes the Hebrews to cross 
 over the sea from shore to shore, in a vast 
 space of dry ground, which was left void by the 
 waters at their retiring. (Exod. xiv. 16, 17, &c.) 
 
 In the canticle that Moses sang at their 
 coming out of the Red Sea, he says (Exod. xv. 
 8.) " With the blast of thy nostrils (or, with 
 the wind of thy fury,) the waters were gathered 
 together ; the flood stood upright as an heap ; 
 and the depths were congealed in the Iieart of 
 the sea." The Psalmist says (Psalm, Ixxviii. 
 13.) " He divided the sea, and caused them to 
 pass through, and he made the waters to stand 
 as on a heap." He says in another place, 
 "That the sea fled at "the sight of God." 
 (Psalm, cxiv. 3, 5.) " That the Lord made 
 himself a path in the sea, that He walked in 
 the midst of the waters." (Psalm, lx\vii..l9.) 
 Isaiah, Ixiii. 11, &c. saj's, " That the Lord 
 divided the waves before his people ; that He 
 conducted them through the bottom of the 
 abyss, as a horse is led through the midst of a 
 fieid." Habbakuk, iii. 15, says, " That the 
 Lord made himself a road to drive his chariot 
 and horses across the sea, across the mud of 
 great waters." Lastly, the author of the book 
 of Wisdom, xix. 7, 8, 10, I7, 18, says, " That 
 the dry land appeared all on a sudden in a 
 place where water was before ; that a free 
 passage was opened in a moment through the 
 midst of the Red Sea ; and that a green field 
 was seen in the midst of the abyss, &c. :" It is 
 thought the place where the Hebrews passed 
 
 by the Red Sea, is two or three leagues below 
 its Xorthern point, at the place called Kolsura, 
 or Clysma. 
 
 Dr. Hales observes, that " It sufficiently ap- 
 pears, even from Niebuhr's own statement, that 
 the passage of the Israelites could not have 
 taken place near Suez : For, first, he evidently 
 confounded the town of Kolsum, the ruins of 
 which he places near Suez, and where he sup- 
 posed the passage to be made, with the Bay of 
 Kolsum, which began about forty-five miles 
 lower down, as Bryant has satisfactorily proved, 
 from the astronomical observations of Ptolemy 
 and Ulug Beigh, made at Heroum, the ancient 
 head of the gulp!). 2ndly, Instead of crossing the 
 sea at or near Etham, their second station, the 
 Israelites " turned southwards, along the west- 
 ern shore ; and their tiiird station at Pihahiroth 
 or Bedea, was at least a full day's journey 
 below Etham ; as Bryant has satisfactorily 
 proved from Scripture. (Exod. xiv. 2.) Hales' 
 New Analysis of Chronology, vol. i. page 388, 
 to 394. : Wells's Geography of the Old and 
 New Testament, vol. i. page 240. Editor. 
 
 It was at this time, and on the account of the 
 fraud Moses and his people had put on the 
 Egyptians, that they were called '2pi" or 
 D'ai7i« that is, Jacobites. Ehud. 
 
 Miriam first stepped into the Red Sea, amidst 
 the thousands of Israel, who thereupon cried 
 out. Behold the queen of the sea. When all 
 her people were safe in the wilderness, she 
 proclaimed a feast, at which Miriam and the 
 women of Israel leaped for joy. Hur. 
 
 The people of Israel, soon after they had left 
 the borders of the Rod Sea, and had journeyed 
 for three days into the wilderness, had exhausted 
 their water, and thereupon was in great distress, 
 and they said, Where shall we now have water 
 to drink? Moses, in this emergency, assembles 
 the elders. Miriam was one of the assembly, 
 for she being the admired of the people, they 
 proceeded to no business till she was present; 
 nay, so deep was her penetration, and so exqui- 
 site her judgment, that her word was final. She 
 advised that they should dig for water. Hur. 
 
 The great wisdom and policy of Moses is 
 here very conspicuous, in his selling to the 
 Egyptians, for their gold and silver, all the 
 possessions of the Hebrews. By this means, they
 
 8 
 
 Testimoii 
 
 liai] wherewithal, when tliey had gotten into the 
 wilderness, to purtiiase oxen, sheep, and all 
 the necessaries of life, of the Amalekites, the 
 Hivites, &c. and also all utensils of husl)andr\', 
 and horses, &c. for their immediate use. Olliiiicl. 
 
 The riches the Ilci)rews carried with them 
 procured them the friendshij), at l(;ast,the indul- 
 gence, of the people of the nations, for the trade 
 of gold for the fruits of their land made them 
 rich. This Miriam perceived would in time 
 im])(iverish her own jjcople, wherefore she ad- 
 vised them to till the ground, and to tame the 
 beasts of the field. Jazer. 
 
 Jt seemeth plain, that the Egyptians intended 
 to buv the po.ssessions of the Hebrews for a very 
 small sum, and thereby to oppress them grie- 
 vously ; but this scheme of Moses and tlie 
 elders to sell more in number of every thing 
 than they had, outwitted tliem, and flung their 
 iniquity upon their own heads. Resides, Moses 
 by this means brought his own people the 
 more readily into his designs of shaking off the 
 power of Egypt. Zndock. 
 
 Miriam mi^'Jit justly be stiled, the mother of 
 the Hebrew nation, in a proper sense, for she 
 taught them fnst to dig for water. She likewise 
 stimulated them to till the ground, and cultivate 
 the tree. She brought a grain out of Egypt, 
 and sowed the field. The male and female of 
 
 ies and Notes concerning the Book of JASIIER. 
 
 the flock and herd did she bring. 
 
 Tobias. 
 
 Notes on Chap. XV. 
 
 THE contest between Moses and Miriam was 
 concerning the establishment of the laws and 
 customs prescribed by Jethro. She argued and 
 reasoned very wisely. Aie not the laws and 
 customs of the children of Jacob suflicient to 
 govern the people, seeing they have done so 
 for four hundred years? Surely the wisdom of 
 our forefathers is greater than that of the Midian- 
 ites. The people took the side of Miriam. Hur. 
 
 Miriam o|)posed the introduction of the laws 
 given l\v Jethro. She well knew, that if Zip- 
 porah was suffered to dwell among the children 
 of Israel, of consequence, the customs of Midian 
 would take place, that intermarriages would 
 happen, and that such practices would tend to 
 the ingulphing them in the nations. Jezcr. 
 
 All the days of the life of Miriam were one 
 hundred and twenty years. In her time the 
 
 Israelites received no other laws and customs, 
 save those from Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. 
 The patriarchs in every family ruled. Jazer. 
 
 When the peo])le of the nations, tiie Moabites, 
 the Perrizzites, the Hivites, the Amnrit<-s, the 
 Jebusites, and the Uittites, heard that Miriam 
 was dead, they were moved ; and the reason 
 was, because she restrained Moses from de- 
 stroying them. Olhniel. 
 
 Notes 021 Chap XVI. XVII. XVIII. 
 MOSES, soon after the death of Miriam, orders 
 Xadab and Abihu to build an altar nigh unto 
 mount Sinai, and to raise twelve tables or jiillars 
 for each tribe to come unto. When this was 
 done, he appoints twelve young men, of great 
 strength, to slay oxen, and sheep, and lambs, 
 and roast them on the altar: and Moses 
 blew the trumpet, and he proclaimed a feast, 
 and every tribe assembled each to his pillar or 
 station, and they sat down, and they did eat. And 
 this was the first public feast of the Israelites. 
 And now it was, that they chose out seventy el- 
 ders for to be with Moses, and to judge the people. 
 
 Hur. 
 
 Moses, after the contest with Miriam, never 
 attempted to establish the laws of Jethro till 
 some time after her death. He had a design 
 to secrete her, imagining, if it had not been for 
 her humane disposition, he should have been 
 able to have settled the people in Canaan during 
 his life, which would have been for the good 
 of the commonweal ; but the policy of 
 Moses was for killing and destroying all 
 before him : the policy of Miriam was the re- 
 verse. Miriam dying, they remained for a 
 short time in the method she left them ; but as 
 the people could not now apply unto her for 
 wisdom, they were at a great loss, and that loss 
 grew daily more and more perceptible. 
 
 At length, the complaints reached the ear 
 of Moses. In order to redress the grievance, 
 Moses advises the people to elect such persons 
 as thev should think capable of judging the peo- 
 ple. That the people should elect, was pleasing 
 to the multitude ; by which means Moses had 
 seventy to assist him in the administration. The 
 first thing Moses proposed, and which they 
 agreed to, was the admission and adoption of 
 Zipporah and her sons. Moses soon afte^r assu-
 
 Testimonies and Notes concerning the Book of JASHER. 
 
 med the title of king ; and having brought 
 Nadab and Abihu, and the seventy elders who 
 ■ spake for the penple, into his plan of forming 
 the Hebrew inonarciiy, they assemljjed on 
 mount Sinai, and, together with Jetbro, fixed on 
 the rule of government. Phiiivhiis. 
 
 In the following chapters nothing occurs, but 
 what fully accords with the statements of Moses, 
 the Jewish Lawgiver, only with relation to 
 Miriam, who seems from the statements of 
 Jaslicr, to have held a very high place in the 
 coun<ils of the elders of Israel, so that no impor- 
 tant step was taken without her concurrence. 
 In one instance, she ap|)ears to )\ave resisted 
 Moses, on which account she was struck vyith 
 leprosy, but again restored at his successful 
 praver ; and although she resisted the adoption 
 of Zipporah into the commonwealth of Israel, 
 she <li(i it from a conscientious motive, dread'ng 
 the influence of the Midianitish women, and th 
 pollution of the Jews by inteimarriages with 
 them, which soon was tlie case. 
 
 The laws and customs proposed by Jethro, 
 she also rejected, arguing, that the statutes and 
 ordinances of Jacob were preferable to them, 
 and that as they had hitherto prospered under 
 the ancient government, by the fathers and 
 heads of the tribes, there could be no sufficient 
 cause for their departure from them. However, 
 at length, the whole of the ceremonial law took 
 effect; Moses bv miracles and signs, and migiity 
 wonders, proving that he acted by divine autho- 
 rity, so that all opposition ceased, and the 
 
 government was fully established in a Sanhedrim 
 of seventy elders, Moses being king in Jeshurun. 
 
 It appeals that Jasher was eminent in bis 
 davs, not only for the integrity, but for the pros- 
 perity of his government ; that his conduct, in 
 every relation and capacity, was unexception- 
 able ; and that he died in a good ol 1 age, full 
 of honour, and much lamented by the nation, 
 being one hundred and twelve years old. The 
 book written by him, was kept with religious 
 veneration, and though not of equal authority 
 with the books of Moses, yet was appealed to 
 both in the times of Joshua, and the great 
 king of Israel, David 
 
 Thus, then, it appears, that as far as such a 
 w'ork can be authenticated, this possesses every 
 proof of being a transcript of the original manu- 
 scri|)t ; and, consequently, that it is worthy to be 
 preserved as a collateral evidence of the facts 
 detailed more fully in the writings of Moses, 
 the book of Joshua, and the book of Judges. 
 Let us therefore make a due improvement hereof, 
 bv imitating the upriglitness of Jasher, obeying 
 the precepts dc^livered by him, and yielding an 
 unreserved obedience to that better covenant 
 under which we live, knowing that the whole 
 economy of the Jews, adumbrated and typified 
 the better covenant of grace, in the person of 
 our jilorious Redeemer, who hath obtained for 
 us a b( Iter irdieritance than Canaan, even an 
 inheritance incorruptible, undelilcd, and that 
 fadeth not away, reserved in heaven for us. 
 
 Editor. 
 
 ROSE, PniNTEB, BROADMEAD, BRISTOI,.
 
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