THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 LOS ANGELES
 
 THE 
 
 LIFE 
 
 OF 
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE, 
 
 BISHOP OF WINCHESTER, 
 
 LORD HIGH CHANCELLOR OF ENGLAND IN THE REIGN OF 
 
 HENRY VI., AND FOUNDER OF MAGDALEN 
 
 COLLEGE, OXFORD: 
 
 COLLECTED FROM RECORDS, REGISTERS, MANUSCRIPTS, 
 AND OTHER AUTHENTIC EVIDENCES, 
 
 EY 
 
 RICHARD CHANDLER, D. D. 
 
 FORMERLY JF.LI.OW OF THAT COLLF.GE. 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 PRINTED FOR VFHITE AND COCHRANE, HORACE'S HEAD, 
 FLEET-STREET, 
 
 BY RICHARD TAYLOR AND CO., SHOE-LANE, 
 
 M-DCCC'XI,
 
 
 
 TH,
 
 ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 ^TMiE following work was written by the 
 Author many years since, and after hav- 
 ing been fairly transcribed for the press, was 
 submitted to the inspection of the late pre- 
 sident or Magdalen college, Dr. Home, 
 then also lord bishop of Norwich, whose 
 favourable opinion was expressed in the 
 annexed letter, dated in February 1791 * 
 Why he did not at that time publish what 
 he had taken so much pains to collect and 
 put together, does not appear; but it cer- 
 tainly was for no want of encouragement or 
 
 Sackville- street, Feb.?. I/pi. 
 * Dear Sir, 
 
 I PERUSED at Bath your valuable MS. My friend Jones ac- 
 companied me in the perusal, and was inexpressibly delighted with 
 being carried, in a style so perspicuous and elegant, thro' scenes so 
 very curious and interesting. We put down a few remarks, which 
 I have brought with me to town. The MS. is now in reading at 
 Mag. Coll. as I learn by a letter from our friend Dr. Burrough j 
 when finished, it will move this way. 
 
 I am, dear Sir, 
 Your faithful and affectionate servant, 
 
 G. NORWICH. 
 Kev. Dr. Chandler, Selbourn, Hants. 
 
 A soli-
 
 ii ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 solicitation, as well from the members of 
 his college, as from various other persons of 
 literary eminence. A short time previous 
 to his decease he placed the manuscript in 
 my hands, with a request that I would ar- 
 range the notes, and prepare the whole for 
 publication in the best and speediest man- 
 ner possible; in compliance with which re- 
 quest it is now laid before the public. The 
 notes were found in a very confused state, 
 and their references to the text by no means 
 clear ; but it is hoped they arc arranged in 
 their proper places, though I was too often 
 without sufficient opportunity for consulting 
 the books and MSS. referred to. I considered 
 it best to print the author's preface in the 
 same unfinished state in which 1 found it, tak- 
 ing no further liberties than were necessary 
 to shape it into a form proper for the public 
 eye; he not having corrected the rough copy, 
 or made up his mind, apparently, in what 
 manner it should be given. There are a few 
 
 O 
 
 notes in the Life marked with an L, which 
 L conceive to have been by the late Mr. 
 
 Loveday,
 
 ADVERTISEMENT. iii 
 
 Loveday, to whom the author expresses, at 
 the conclusion of his preface, such high ob- 
 ligations. Had that preface been carried 
 on farther, he would no doubt have signi- 
 fied the same regard to his son, Dr. John 
 Loveday (now also deceased), whose at- 
 tentions appear sufficiently evident amongst 
 the loose papers of the work. My friend 
 the rev. Ralph Churton of Middleton Che- 
 ney, is also entitled to (and had to my own 
 knowledge) the gratitude of the author, for 
 various communications; which as he has 
 omitted to express, I desire to do in his 
 name. 
 
 I am indebted to the society of Magdalen 
 college, Oxford, for the plates of the bishop's 
 monument, the school-house at Waynflete, 
 and the portrait which forms the frontispiece 
 to the work. The latter is engraved from a 
 drawing and mask, taken from Waynflete's 
 statue within the monument at Winchester, 
 to which place an artist was sent by the so- 
 ciety for this express purpose. The mask 
 has been principally attended to in forming 
 the likeness, which, although it may differ 
 
 A 2 from
 
 iv ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 from other portraits of their great founder, 
 conveys, it may be presumed, a correct 
 idea of his features, being copied from what 
 he himself no doubt approved in his life- 
 time. The full length figure is shown in the 
 vignette plate. 
 
 The etching of Magdalen college is from 
 
 o o o 
 
 a drawing with which I was favoured by 
 Mr. Buckler. 
 
 Had the author revised the work at his 
 leisure, he would probably have cleared 
 some sentences from a little obscurity under 
 which they appear to labour; but although 
 I have to lament this, in common with what 
 has been said of the preface and notes, I 
 could not consider myself at liberty to make 
 any alteration, except where an evident error 
 of the pen had occurred. Some few cor- 
 rections, that were thought necessary after 
 the work was printed off, will be found in 
 the Additional Notes at the end. 
 
 CHARLES LAMBERT. 
 
 Inner Temple y 
 May 7) 1811.
 
 THE AUTHOR'S PREFACE. 
 
 nHE prelate who is the subject of the fol- 
 - *" lowing work, has long been deservedly 
 ranked among the most eminent promoters 
 of religion and learning, which this country 
 has produced ; and the benefits derived 
 from his judicious and exalted munificence, 
 
 during more than three centuries, and which 
 
 ~ ' 
 
 it is hoped will ever continue to flow from 
 the same source, give him a just claim to an 
 ample share of public gratitude and vene- 
 ration. 
 
 The renown of a person studious of doing 
 good without ostentation, who provides no 
 panegyrist, nor is his own biographer, soon 
 decays ; and after a few years, only a ge- 
 neral and indistinct knowledge remains, 
 even of such as have been most famous in 
 their generation, who have performed bril- 
 liant
 
 ri PREFACE. 
 
 liant actions, or (which confers an higher 
 title to regard) have been the benefactors 
 of mankind. Distinguished as Waynflcte 
 was, when living, in the latter class of 
 worthies, the common fate attended his 
 posthumous reputation ; though we are told 9 
 as a proof of its former greatness, that a pe- 
 riod of an hundred and fourteen years had 
 been scarcely able to extinguish it. 
 
 When Waynflete had been dead about 
 the time specified, it became the pious care 
 of the society of Magdalen college, Oxford^ 
 not to suffer his renown to perish, but to re- 
 scue him from oblivion, and recall him into 
 celebrity, as a tribute due from them to so 
 generous a founder ; and at their desire a 
 Life of him was undertaken by Dr. Budden, 
 which he printed in quarto in 16O2, dedi- 
 cated to the president Dr. Nicholas Bond 
 and his other employers. 
 
 The Life of Waynflete by Budden, or his 
 
 New
 
 PREFACE. vii 
 
 New Birth (IlaA/yyg^ffva) as it has been 
 called, is written in Latin ; and it appears, 
 as he has asserted, with fidelity and in- 
 dustry. He had struggled as it were with 
 time, he tells us, had dug in the mines of 
 antiquity, and searched among recondite 
 authors for genuine and untouched infor- 
 mation ; but his style is declamatory, and 
 his performance an oration rather than a 
 narrative. It is particularly defective in 
 dates ; the natural order of events, as they 
 happened, is not observed ; and from their 
 transposition, and the frequent introduction 
 of extraneous matter, an indistinct and un- 
 satisfactory idea only, is conveyed of the 
 great prelate, whose history it was intended 
 to deliver from the oppression of that si- 
 lence, under which it had been so long con- 
 cealed. The reception from the public was 
 favourable, the author has had his enco- 
 miast, and his work was reprinted at Lon- 
 don in 1681. 
 
 An
 
 viii PREFACE. 
 
 An opinion seems to have prevailed that 
 Budden had exhausted the subject : and 
 Dr. Peter Heylin, in his " Memorial of the 
 " Life, Actes, and Death of Waynflete/' 
 written in English verse about the year 1619, 
 professedly follows him, and has added no- 
 thing to our information. The subsequent 
 accounts of Waynflete consist almost en- 
 tirely of meagre abstracts from Budden; 
 and even in the Biographia Britannica, 
 where a fuller detail might naturally be ex- 
 pected, the story of this eminent and meri- 
 torious prelate is compressed into a note, 
 and appended to the Life of Wykeham. 
 
 The compiler of the present work, while 
 he had the happiness of being a member of 
 Waynflete's college at Oxford, had frequent 
 occasion, as well to regret his own igno- 
 rance, as that an accurate knowledge of 
 their great benefactor, was not more gene- 
 rally diffused through the society ; and that 
 no better idea could be obtained of him, by 
 
 those
 
 PREFACE. ix 
 
 those who were willing to seek for inform a- 
 
 ~ 
 
 tion, than that which it. has been observed, 
 Budden's performance is calculated to con- 
 vey. Being engaged in some researches 
 into ancient registers and the writings of the 
 
 o ~ 
 
 college, at the request of a learned friend, 
 whose curiosity he felt desirous of grati- 
 
 * O 
 
 fying, he thereby considerably increased 
 his own concerning Wayntiete. The ex- 
 tracts he made, together with some commu- 
 
 * O 
 
 nications from another friend, chiefly re- 
 ferences to authors whom he consulted, fur- 
 nished materials which appeared to him 
 worthy of arrangement; and these having 
 been gradually enlarged by subsequent di- 
 ligence, he conceived the design of remedy- 
 ing the defect lamented, by committing the 
 whole of what he had thus collected and 
 formed, to the society and the public. 
 
 Amongst the registers and writings of the 
 
 so o 
 
 college, he has to mention as particularly 
 useful to him, the Account-books of Dr. 
 
 Henry
 
 x PREFACE. 
 
 Henry Clerke, bursar, and afterwards pre- 
 sident in 1675 ; a man of research and cu- 
 riosity, who has collected and inserted in 
 them many valuable memoranda concern- 
 ing its revenue, its officers, history and 
 antiquities. 
 
 He was favoured with an opportunity of 
 examining the Episcopal Register of Wayn- 
 flete, belonging to the cathedral of Win- 
 
 7 O O 
 
 Chester, at the house of a friend, to whom it 
 was sent by permission of the late bishop, 
 Dr. Thomas. It is to be remarked, that 
 this noble memorial of our bishop escaped 
 the researches made by Dr. Budden at 
 Winchester. He was also indulged by the 
 chapter of the said cathedral, through the 
 application of Dr. Balguy, with the use of 
 a Ledger-book from 136.5 to 1496, 
 
 Mr. Blackstone, one of the fellows of Win- 
 chester college, who has compiled a very ju- 
 dicious and respectable MS. from its ar- 
 chives.
 
 PREFACE. xi 
 
 chives, oblio-ino'ly furnished him with various 
 
 o o */ 
 
 extracts from the Register. 
 
 o 
 
 That noble repository the British Mu- 
 seum, supplied rolls of parliament, acts of 
 council, collections from ancient registers 
 
 7 o 
 
 by Dr. Matthew Hutton, and other MSS. 
 containing curious and valuable informa- 
 
 o 
 
 tion. 
 
 For some extracts from the Episcopal 
 Register of Lincoln he was indebted to the 
 
 O 
 
 friendship of Bishop Thurlow, at whose re- 
 quest they were procured by Dr. Gordon. 
 The discovery of Dr. llutton's collection 
 rendered further application unnecessary. 
 
 The late Dr. Wilson, prebendary of West- 
 minster, was at one period engaged in writ- 
 ing the life of Waynflete. The materials 
 which he collected were sent by him to Dr. 
 Wheeler, and on his decease came into the 
 possession of his sister. Through the friend- 
 ship
 
 xii PREFACE. 
 
 ship of Dr. Routh, he was favoured by that 
 lady with the use of the papers, but her 
 kindness and liberality on this occasion did 
 not tend to furnish him with much addi- 
 tional light. 
 
 His acknowledgements are due to the 
 Rev. Thomas Warton of Trinity college, 
 Oxford, for various communications ; but, 
 above all other individuals, to Mr. Loveday 
 
 f* /""^ 1 & -Jfe !#* Jfe JC* -At* 
 
 rf""\ T" I *"lT T /^T 1 Or~l r l m ^** ** *" **? V? *r* 
 
 or v_/a\ erbiiciiii. 
 
 CON-
 
 XH1 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 ADVERTISEMENT - 
 
 PREFACE 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 Of William Patten alias Bar hour, to the Time of 
 his assuming the Name of Wayrtflete - 1 
 
 CHAPTER II. 
 
 Of William JVaynflete to the Time of his Ad- 
 vancement to the See of Winchester by King 
 Henry the Sixth - - - 14. 
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 
 Transactions at Oxford and Winchester; with 
 the Founding of Magdalen Hall by Bishop 
 Waynjlete - 44 
 
 CHAPTER IV. 
 
 Of Bishop Waijirftete to the Time of his being 
 made Lord High Chancellor of England 6'2 
 
 CHAPTER V. 
 
 Of Bi.shoj) IVaynflete while Chancellor, with the 
 Founding of Magdalen College at Oxford p. 84 
 
 CHAPTER VI. 
 
 Of Bishop Waynjlete under King Edward the 
 Fourth, during the Confinement of King Henry 
 the Sixth - - - 
 
 CHAPTER
 
 xiv CONTENTS. 
 
 CHAPTER VII. 
 
 Of Bishop Waynflete during the Remainder of 
 the Reign of King Edward the Fourth - 119 
 
 CHAPTER VIII. 
 
 Proceedings at Oxford ; ruilh the Building and 
 Settling of Magdalen College, to the End of 
 the Reign of King Edward the Fourth - 131 
 
 CHAPTER IX. 
 
 Proceedings at Oxford in the Time of King 
 Richard the Third ; with the Building of the 
 Chapel and School-house at Wayirflete in Lin- 
 colnshire - - - - 159 
 
 CHAPTER X. 
 
 Of Magdalen College, Oxford -182 
 
 CHAPTER XI. 
 
 To the Death of Waynflete - 211 
 
 CHAPTER XII. 
 
 Of the Chapel and Tomb erected by Waynflete 
 at Winchester, with a further Account of his 
 Family - 231 
 
 CHAPTER XIII. 
 
 Proceedings at Magdalen College after the Death 
 of Waytiftele ; with an Account of some Bene- 
 factors and Members of the Society, particu- 
 larly Widcy - 252 
 
 CHAPTER XIV. 
 
 The CONCLUSION - 281 
 
 APPEN-
 
 CONTENTS. XY 
 
 A P P E N D I X. 
 
 N I. Letter sent ly the ki/nge for to chewsc Will. Wayn- 
 jiette provosts of our Lady College of Eton Byschope 
 
 of IVyn chester 2QQ 
 
 II. Litera missa Domino Rcgi pro licentia optinenda ad 
 
 Episcopum eligendum 300 
 
 III. A Letter sent by tiie kynge to precede the Saterday 
 
 fvHou'ing to Electyon 302 
 
 IV. Litera procuratoria missa Regi Henrico sexto ad con- 
 
 Jirmandam Electionem factam de Wiirmo Wayne- 
 
 flett epi~ Winton 303 
 
 V. Liters misse Domino Pape Nicholao ijuinto 305 
 
 VI. De Custodia Temporalium Wynlon 314 
 
 De Licentia eligendi Wynton 3 If) 
 
 De Restitutione Temporalium Wynton 317 
 
 VII. Extract of the Will of King Henry the Sixth 318 
 
 VIII. Letter of the U-.iiersity of O.rjbrd to Provost Wayn- 
 
 fiete on the Suljcct of Duke Humphrey's Books. .. 321 
 IX. Instrumentum Fundationis Aulcv Beatce Marice Mag- 
 
 dalencK, :Sc 323 
 
 X. Rlernorandum , Instruccion, and Reporte, froin MSS. 
 
 Cotton. Titus E. vi 330 
 
 XL Dibloma Re"is Hcnrici Sexi'i de Statittis Colle^iorum 
 
 i O * 
 
 Regalium corrigendis el reformandis 337 
 
 XII. Letter of the University of Oxford to Bishop Wayn- 
 
 fiete concerning the Mendicant Friars 338 
 
 XII f. De Siilt'is liberandis 34O 
 
 X \\ . De Pardonatione pro Ebisc. Wintnn 342 
 
 XV. Letter of King Henry to the Pope in It half of Wayn- 
 
 jlde 34G 
 
 XVI. Memorandum touching the fanance Iclween the 
 Bithoti of lf- r inc!;esttr and certain Tenants, from 
 
 MS^. Cotinn. Tiius E. vii 348 
 
 XVII. Grants of Pardon and Remission fr<jin King /- 
 
 naid IV. to hhhap U'tynjle'e 352 
 
 XVIII. Lrt act from llei/lin's L"'e 01 (fay fae in terse .. 357 
 XIX. Littere dtprectitnri* Un versitati> O.an ud l-ii-gcin ne 
 
 L ithomos .'. 0* ' ro> aro- L( 300 
 
 XX. Littcre ad Episcfjpum r.'inton. ut instrumenla volta- 
 
 rum
 
 xvi CONTENTS. 
 
 rum suarum relit accommodare utilitati Universi- 
 
 tatis pro Sco/is Theologie 362 
 
 XXI. Littere ad Episcopum Winton. ut confederet paccnz 
 
 inter Thomam Davers et Doctor em Hay dock 364 
 
 XXII. Letter of the Founder to his College 366 
 
 XXIII. Letter of John Gygur to the Bishop of Winchester, 
 concerning the Chapel and School-House at Wayn- 
 flete 36; 
 
 XXIV. Indenture for the Carpentry of the Chapell and 
 Scale in Waneflete 36g 
 
 XXV. Extracts from Letters of Mr. Picklurn concerning 
 
 the School 371 
 
 XXVI. Statutum de coi annua vestium lilerata, &c 375 
 
 XXVII. Elogium Willelmi Waynflete 376 
 
 XXVIU. Tesiamentum Willielmi Wayneflete Episcopi Wyn- 
 
 ton. cum Codicillo 37Q 
 
 XXIX. Letter of the Founder respecting William Hewster. 38O. 
 XXX. Instrumentum Fundationis Collegii Magdalence. .. . ibid. 
 XXXI. Letter of Bishop Waynflete concerning the Affairs 
 
 of Sir John Fastolf. 397 
 
 XXXII. Extracts fro in Account-Books relating to the luilding 
 
 of the great Tower 398 
 
 XXXIII. Extract of the College- Register concerning the Visit 
 
 of King James the First and Prince Henry 403 
 
 Corrections and Additional Notes ly the Editor. . , 409 
 
 Index . 411 
 
 LIST OF THE PLATES. 
 
 Vignette. Tomb of Waynflete. 
 
 Plate I. Portrait of William Wnynfiete, to face the Title. 
 II. School-house at Waynflete, Lincolnshire p. 172 
 
 III. Magdalen College, Oxford 186 
 
 IV r . Monument of Bishop Waynflete 234 
 
 V. Monument of Richard Patten 212 
 
 Tailpiece. Seal of Magdalen College, Oxford
 
 THE LIFE 
 
 OF 
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 Of William Patten, alias Barbour., to the Time 
 of his assuming the Name of Waynflete. 
 
 SECT. LTTTILLIAM WAYNFLETE, 
 
 bishop of "Winchester, lord 
 high chancellor of England in the reign of 
 king Henry VI., and founder of Magdalen 
 college in the university of Oxford, was son 
 of Richard Patten, alias Barbour, of Wayn- 
 flete, a market- town on the sea-coast of Lin- 
 colnshire. 
 
 The father of William Waynflete was 
 called, it should seem, indifferently Patten 
 or Barbour. Surnames, when Richard Pat- 
 ten or Barbour lived, were not fixed and as- 
 certained as in later times; an alias very 
 frequently occurs though the person be erni- 
 
 B nent
 
 2 THE LIFE OF 
 
 nent and well descended. Their Ortho- 
 graphy was also unsettled. A\ r e meet with 
 Patten, Patin% and Patern b . Barbour* 
 too varies; and it seems likely that the fa- 
 ther of the bishop was intended in a deed d 
 in the archives of Magdalen college, in 
 which a garden with its appurtenances at 
 Candlesby in Lincolnshire is mentioned 
 (9 Hen. V.) as in the tenure of Richard 
 Harbors. 
 
 Tt is observable, that no notice is taken 
 by Dr. Budden e of the surname Barbour, 
 though he has produced for it a testimony, 
 single indeed, but so direct and authentic 
 that it requires no additional evidence to 
 confirm it. This is the preamble of an in- 
 strument which affords some valuable infor- 
 mation concerning the family, and in the 
 sequel will be more particularly cited. 
 
 a Godwin de Pross. p, 232. edit. Richardson. Fuller's Wor- 
 thies, p. 156. edit. 1662. 
 
 b Daniel Hist. p. 146. His name was Patierncc. Baker Cliron. 
 p. 189. The former surname is thus played on by Dr. Heylin in 
 his manuscript poem : 
 
 " The father was a Patten and the sonne 
 
 A Patterns of succeeding tymes." 
 
 c MS. N 227, in the archives of the library of Magdalen col- 
 lege, p. 2. Mentioned by Gutch in his Appendix, p. 267. 
 a Index of Deeds. Candlesby, N 13. 
 ?. 55. Vita Gulielmi Waynfleti, 
 
 I pas*
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 3 
 
 I pass over, as unworthy of regard, the 
 report that bishop Waynflete was of low 
 extraction, and that his father had obtained 
 his livelihood by a mean occupation ; which 
 Budden f , who has transmitted it to us, la- 
 bours to refute, without noting, what is suf- 
 ficiently obvious, that it alluded to and had 
 its orioin from the surname Barbour. 
 
 o 
 
 The tradition which, it is said, exists at 
 Waynflete, that Ilichard was a foundling e , 
 is confuted by the instrument before men- 
 tioned, from which it appears that he had 
 a brother named Robert. The tale, also cur- 
 rent there, that he was a merchant h , and 
 gained riches by traffic, it will now be as 
 difficult to establish, as to disprove by any 
 certain argument. 
 
 o 
 
 Bishop Waynflete, it is commonly and 
 more truly related, was descended of a wor- 
 shipful family, ancient, and in good condi- 
 tion 1 ; less celebrated, says Budden k , than 
 respectable. Writers of the best authority 
 
 f P. 52. Vita Gulielmi Waynfleti. 
 s Mr. Pickburn. Sepulchral Mon. 
 
 II Mr. Pickburn. Dr. Wilson's MSS. 
 
 1 Daniel Hist. p. 146. Baker Chron. p. 188. p. 202. Fil. R. P. 
 antiquse prosapiae nobilis. Godwin. Son of U. P. esquire. Collier, 
 in Waynfleet. 
 
 k Familia. non perinde celebri atque honesta natus. p, 52. 
 
 B 2 agree
 
 4 THE LIFE OF 
 
 agree that his father was a gentleman ; and 
 Fuller 1 in the same sentence styles him an 
 esquire and a knight. That he was no ob- 
 scure person has been justly inferred from 
 Iiis marriage with a lady also descended 
 
 ^,2 / 
 
 from an ancient family, and whose father, 
 William Brereton, possessed an ample estate 
 in Cheshire 111 . 
 
 This country, in consequence of its Nor- 
 man territories, the patrimony of William 
 the Conqueror, and of Anjou with its ap- 
 pendage?, the inheritance of king Henry 11., 
 sustained in that age almost perpetual war- 
 fare in France. Brereton was enrolled among 
 the candidates for military fame there, ob- 
 tained by his valour the honour of knight- 
 hood, was appointed governor of Caen in 
 Normandy, routed under the auspices of 
 lord Scales a numerous army of the French 
 near Mount St. Michael, and returned home 
 with glory and increase of fortune 11 . 
 
 C* *- 
 
 liichard Patten and Margery Brereton 
 
 o */ 
 
 had issue two sons, William and John. The 
 year when either was born is not known. 
 
 1 P. 150. 
 
 ! -> Gutch. A. Wood, n. 30(5. 
 
 n Budden, p. 52. Ex Geneal.Fundat et Lib. Stat. p. 55. Da- 
 niel in Hist. Hall in, Hen, VI. Baker Chron. 
 
 SECT.
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 5 
 
 SECT. II. IT is agreed by writers in gc- 
 
 O */ O 
 
 neral, that William Patten, after receiving 
 the rudiments of instruction in Lincolnshire, 
 was removed to Wykeham's school at \\ in- 
 chester. The register of admissions on the 
 foundation has been carefully examined, and 
 his name is not in it; but he might still be 
 educated there, as Wykeham both intro- 
 duced to his school, and to commons in the 
 hall, several extraneous boys; and in his 
 statutes permits sons of gentlemen (gcnti- 
 lium), a limited number, to enjoy the same 
 privilege : but of these no mention occurs, 
 except of the descendants of Uvcdale his 
 great patron, whose names appear in the 
 account-books of the bursars of his time p . 
 
 Buddcn q tells us he had been more than 
 ambitiously diligent, if he might be allowed 
 the expression, in his endeavours to ascer- 
 tain the college in Oxford to which William 
 
 o 
 
 had belonged, but without success; thatllo- 
 linshed, who has had his followers r , departed 
 from the common belief in ascribing him to 
 
 fiudden, p. 56. Harpsficld, p. 643. Godwin, p. 232. Le- 
 land Itin. pt. 1. p. 50. Collier, vol. i. p. Gjl. A. Wood Hist, ct 
 Antiq. ii. p. IS/, AyliiTe. Birch. 
 
 P Mr. Elackstone, 
 
 1 P. 5(5. 
 
 * Harrison in Descrip. Angliae, p. 6. 1. 2. cap, 3. and others. 
 
 jVIerton,
 
 6 THE LIFE OF 
 
 Merton, where, as he relates, he was fellow, 
 while Nelc and Harpsfield contend for his 
 having been a Wykehamist. He declares 
 he would not willingly recede from this opi- 
 nion, which had the consenting voice of the 
 multitude on its side, and argues in favour 
 
 CJ 
 
 of it. A. Wood, a careful examiner of an- 
 cient records, asserts that the Album of Mer- 
 ton college does not allow his having been 
 
 ~ o 
 
 of it, unless he was one of the chaplains or 
 postmasters. As to New college, he could 
 not be fellow, not having been a scholar on 
 the foundation at Winchester. In his sta- 
 tutes Wykeham docs not admit of indepen- 
 dent members ; neither were there accom- 
 modations for them before the buildings 
 next the garden were erected 5 . Moreover, 
 bishop Low th t has affirmed, that he never 
 was of that college to which -he is so gene- 
 rally given u . 
 
 We shall leave the reader to collect, as 
 he proceeds, the presumptive arguments 
 which may be urged from this narrative to 
 
 Mr. Blackstone. The register of New College has A.D. 1423, 
 Hen. Barbour, alias Duke. 
 
 f Life of Wykeham, sect. vi. 
 
 u Godwin. Nicholson's English Hist. Library, p. 140. Heylin. 
 Gale Hist, and Antiq. of the Cathedral at Winchester, p. 140. 
 A. Wood, p. 133. 
 
 fix
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 7 
 
 fix William at New college. But besides 
 these, an evidence deserving particular at- 
 tention is on record, John Langland x , or 
 
 Long-land, fellow of Magdalen, a bursar 
 
 ~ ^ ~ ' 
 
 there in 1515, and bishop of Lincoln in 
 1521, only twenty-five years after the death 
 of the founder, whom, it is therefore probable, 
 he remembered. This prelate informed the 
 antiquary Leiand y , that William was of 
 New college ; and his testimony, corrobo- 
 rated, as it will be, by other circumstances, 
 must have appeared decisive, had it been 
 contradicted in a manner less positive, or 
 by a writer of inferior authority to the bio- 
 grapher of Wykeham. 
 
 Budden % I know not on whose testi- 
 mony, has represented \\ illiam, while an 
 academic, endowed with intense application 
 to the studies of humanity and eloquence. 
 The having excelled in them far beyond what 
 was common, he would have ascribed to him 
 
 x Longland, John, Athen. i. 70. M. A. 1521. Fasti, i. 3. 
 qucere if not 1501 ? B. D. Dec. 1510. Ib. 15. See College Re- 
 gister. 
 
 >" Itin. pt. i. p. 50. 
 
 2 P. 5/. Cujus cum praeclarae aliquot ab ipso habitae orationes 
 recensentur. Joannes Vuaynflete, Carmelitanae sodalitatis ama- 
 lor, ,kc. Balaeus cle Scriptor. Britt. centur. xii. n. L. 
 
 as
 
 8 THE LIFE OF 
 
 as his peculiar praise, had he not discovered 
 that his brother had a claim to partake in 
 the eulogium. Some noted sermons of John 
 Waynflete, which were published, made him 
 almost of opinion that the prerogative was 
 not that of an individual, but of his family. 
 The margin refers to Bale, whose account is, 
 1 apprehend, of another John Waynflete, a 
 Carmelite professor in the university of Cam- 
 bridge, and afterwards a public reader of 
 divinity in a college of his order in the city 
 of Lincoln. 
 
 The university of Oxford, about tins pe- 
 riod, was the seat of dull scholastic disputa- 
 tion, rather than of liberal science. Not 
 
 .Ions; since, those eminent doctors had flou- 
 
 ~ ' 
 
 rishcd, who, mutually complimenting each 
 other with sounding titles, the profound, the 
 anodic, and the seraphic, drew on themselves 
 the reverence of their own times, and the 
 contempt of all posterity 13 . William, we may 
 suppose, listened to the jargon which then 
 prevailed, with the same attentive admira- 
 tion as other students ; and the wonder is, 
 that his mind ever became enlarged from 
 
 o 
 
 the shackles of authority and fashion. We 
 
 b Gilpin, Life of Wickliffe. 
 
 arc
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 9 
 
 are told, indeed, of his pursuing with vigour, 
 polite literature, philosophy, and divinity; 
 but, though the industry of the antiquarian 
 had now beo;un to redeem the Greek and 
 
 o 
 
 Roman authors from the obscurity of bar- 
 barism, the study of them, which had its 
 origin in Italy, was not yet arrived in the 
 university of Oxford ; and what was polite 
 literature, philosophy, and divinity, before 
 the Reformation ? 
 
 The Latin language was an essential part 
 of the studies of a person intended for an 
 ecclesiastic. John Lcland c , or Leilont, then 
 a noted preceptor, and principal of Peck- 
 water Inn at Oxford, was author of a New 
 Grammar, which he published by the per- 
 suasion of William, who, it is obvious to 
 suppose, had been a pupil, and had profited 
 by the instructions of this master; and per- 
 
 e \Varton, Li r e of sir T. Pope, p. 140, 2d edit, observes 
 " This Grammalicu Nova I saw among Mr. Wise's books (now 
 " dispersed) many years ago. I am confident there is an uncata- 
 " logued copy in th^ Bodleian, among Hearne's or Tanner's. It was 
 " in black letter, an.!, as I faintly recollect, primed about 1520. 
 " I think there was something in it about Waynflete as an encour- 
 " ager of the work, and a patron of letters. I will endeavour to re- 
 " cover it." I have not been able to procure any further information 
 concerning this book ; but, I apprehend, it was not the first edition 
 which Mr. War ton saw. 
 
 haps,
 
 10 THE LIFE OF 
 
 haps, instead of either of the colleges to 
 
 which he has been ascribed, he belonged to 
 
 ~ 
 
 that Inn. Leilont died in 1428 d . The art of 
 printing was not yet invented, or not prac- 
 tised in England. 
 
 SECT. III. THE literary attainments of 
 William, which may be supposed not incon- 
 siderable for the as;e he lived in, did not 
 
 o 
 
 qualify him for an ecclesiastic more than 
 his disposition to piety. I have endeavoured 
 to trace his progress in the orders of the 
 llomish church, not wholly without success; 
 and in particular am enabled to fix the time 
 of his assuming the name of Waynfiete in 
 lieu of Barbor, under which, if I mistake 
 not, lie is found in the episcopal register of 
 the see of Lincoln. The ordinations were 
 held in the parish church of Spalding by 
 bishop Fleming ; and 
 1420, April 21 st , Easter Sunday, among the 
 
 unbeneficed acolytes occurs William 
 
 Barbor e . 
 1420, Januarv21 st , William Barbor became 
 
 ' / ** 
 
 a sub- 
 
 d A. Wood, I list, et Antiq. ii. 
 
 *' Kegist. Fleming, fol. 1/5. In the archdeaconry of Lin- 
 coln
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 11 
 
 a subdeacon by the stile of William 
 
 Waynflete, of Spalding f . 
 1420, March ]S th , William Waynflete of 
 
 Spalding was ordained deacon ; and 
 1426', January 21 st , presbyter, on the title 
 
 of the house of Spalding. 
 The same prelate admitted Reginald Pc- 
 cock of Oriel college, Oxford, afterwards a 
 learned doctor and bishop, to some of the 
 orders of the church, at the same place, and 
 at the same times s , as \\ illiam Barbor or 
 Waynflete. 
 
 " It was a fashion in those daj r s from a 
 " learned spirituall man to take awaie the 
 
 coin is a gap between 16 th June 1423 and 5 th July 1425, where 
 begin Institutions by the official, sede Hid. vacanle, with this me- 
 morandum, hoc loco tria folia desiderantur, cxcisa scalpello. See 
 Collections from Ancient Registers by Dr. Matthew Hutton, in 
 the British Museum. Catal. MSS. Hr.rl. N 6949. 
 
 Pope Martin issued a rescript, transferring ly provision bishop 
 Flemmyng to the archbishopric of York, vacant by death. The 
 dean and chapter resisted him as he was about to enter the church. 
 The pope was compelled to re-transfer him to Lincoln by a con- 
 trary rescript. Duck v. Chich. p. 39. 
 
 f Spalding. About 1074, the church of St. Mary and the 
 manor were given to the abbey of St. Nicholas at Anglers, from 
 whence were sent over some Benedictine monks, and it became au 
 alien priory to that foreign monastery. It was given 20 Hen. VI. 
 to King's college, Cambridge, and 1 Edw. IV. to Sion abbey. 
 Tanner Notit. Mon. p. 251. 
 
 See chap, v, sect, i, note 2. 
 
 " father's
 
 12 THE LIFE OF 
 
 " father's surname (were it never so worship- 
 " full or ancient), and give him for it the 
 " name of the towne he was borne in." Ho- 
 linshed, after producing several instances, 
 observes, that this in like manner happened 
 to William Waynflete, " a matter right prove- 
 " able 11 ." The usage was certainly common 
 on taking orders ; but, though it probably 
 continued to the sera of the Reformation, ap- 
 pears to have fallen soon after into oblivion; 
 for an opinion that the family of William was 
 called Waynflete had prevailed so strongly, 
 as to occasion Budden ' the labour of some 
 pages to confute it, and to establish a diffe- 
 rent appellation. He has cited Holinshed k , 
 yet seems not aware of the fashion, but sup- 
 poses that the father of William, as the shoots 
 of the generous stock from which he sprung 
 were numerous, had, to avoid confusion, as- 
 sumed as his distinction the local denomi- 
 nation l . 
 
 The episcopal registers furnish many iu- 
 
 11 P. 232, Holinshed's Chronicle. 
 
 ' P. 53, 55. 
 
 k P. 56. 
 
 1 P. 55. " Nam cum multse essent tarn gcnerosse stirpis pro 
 " pagines, nisi una ab alia commode discerneretur, ingens profecto 
 " eveuiret nominum confusio." In marg. Genial. Fundal. 
 
 stances
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 13 
 
 stances m of the name of Waynftcte taken by, 
 or imposed on, ecclesiastics, and it is often 
 difficult to ascertain the identity of the per- 
 sons. Both Waynflete and Patten were also 
 common surnames. In Bymcr" is a John 
 Waynflete, and a John Paten, owner, or 
 master, each of a vessel for transporting pil- 
 grims on their way to St. James of Galicia, 
 in 1451. 
 
 I have noted seventeen modes of spelling 
 the name adopted by William. In the epi- 
 scopal register at Winchester it is commonly 
 Waynflete ; but there also occurs Wayiu;- 
 flete, and \\ aynflett. The first was con- 
 stantly used, if I mistake not, by the bishop. 
 
 m From the Lincoln Register : 3 Jan. 1415. William 
 
 Waynflete having the first clerical toiihure, was presented to the 
 church of Salmanby. 
 
 23 Jan. 1415. Master John Waynflete, presbyter, exchanged 
 the rectory of St. Mary of Binnebroke for Salmanby. 
 
 Kal. Jan. 1420. William Waynflete was ordained presbyter. 
 From MS. Karl. N" 6gG2. 
 
 19 Feb. 14 Hen. VI. John Waynflete presented to Monks 
 Shirborn, Hants. 
 
 2(3 May, 14 Ken. VI. The king consents that brother John 
 Waynflete be elected abbat of Baraney. 
 
 John died 26 Hen. VI. 
 
 See also Willis's Abbies, vol. i. p. 30. vol. ii. p. 323. 
 
 " T. xi. p. 230, 
 
 CHAP-
 
 14 THE LIFE OF 
 
 CHAPTER II. 
 
 Of William Waynflete to the Time of his Ad- 
 vancement to the See of Winchester by King 
 Henry VI. 
 
 SECT. I.TT7TKEHAM has directed 11 that 
 
 w w 
 
 * * the master of his school at 
 
 Winchester should be a person sufficiently 
 learned ; possessed of skill in teaching, of 
 ood fame and conversation, hired and re- 
 
 O * 
 
 movable ; that he should instruct and in- 
 form the scholars of his college with assi- 
 duity ; superintend them, their lives and 
 manners, with diligence ; reprove or punish 
 sloth, idleness, or other delinquency, with- 
 out distinction or partiality. He has forbad 
 his demanding, asking, or exacting from the 
 
 O ' ^, - O 
 
 scholars, their parents or friends, any re- 
 compense; and the reader will not be dis- 
 pleased to know the reward assigned for his 
 labour. He has allowed the master weekly 
 commons, the same as the fellows and cha- 
 plains ; to wit, twelve pence in plentiful 
 
 a Mr. Blackstone. 
 
 years ;
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 1.5 
 
 years ; an increase to thirteen, fourteen, and 
 sixteen pence, when wheat shall happen to 
 be at the high price of two shillings a bushel, 
 and no further: also, every Christmas, eight 
 
 / ' ZD 
 
 yards of cloth, about one shilling and nine 
 pence the yard, the price limited for the 
 warden, fellows, and chaplains ; the colour 
 not to be white or black, russet or green ; 
 and this he is to have made into a decent 
 robe, reaching to his heels, with a hood ; the 
 robe to be trimmed with fur, for which he 
 is allotted three shillings and four pence. 
 They are all inhibited from selling, pawning, 
 or giving away their livery within five years 
 from the time of their receiving; it. The sti- 
 
 d? 
 
 pend for teaching is ten pounds; and the 
 whole salary, consisting of several articles, 
 is now thirty-eight pounds, eleven shillings, 
 and two pence ! The warden, Robert Thur- 
 bern, a student in medicine, but in orders, 
 with the fellows of the college, appointed 
 Waynflcte to fill this useful and honourable, 
 if not lucrative, station, on its being va- 
 cated by Thomas Al\vin b ; and he began to 
 
 b Budden, p. 57. He cites Willeus Epig. Parker, Harpsfield, 
 
 and p. 58. Registr. Coll. Collier, Birch, Ayliffe's Ancient and 
 
 Present State of the University, vol. i. p. 3C3. 
 
 teach
 
 10 THE LIFE OF 
 
 teach c in 1429, the year after the decease of 
 Leilont, whose New Grammar he probably 
 introduced there, and afterwards at Eton. 
 
 SKCT. IT. IN the following year, 1430, a 
 William Waynflete, as appears from the 
 episcopal register of Lincoln 11 , was presented 
 by the convent of Bardney to the vicarage 
 of Skendleby in that county, void by resig- 
 nation ; and among the monks there, about 
 the same time, w T as one named John Wayn- 
 flete, who became abbot in 1435. This 
 person Willis 6 " presumes was a near rela- 
 " tion of the magnificent founder of Mag- 
 " dalen college," and that the living was ob- 
 
 <_5 ' O 
 
 tainec! by his interest. " This I mention," 
 he continues, " because it may perhaps inti- 
 " mate the rise of this great man, and what 
 " was probably his first preferment/' From 
 the coincidence of names it is likely that 
 this William and John Wayniiete were 
 townsmen ; but the identity of this \\ illiarn 
 and our bishop is at least problematical ; 
 and the author seems not apprised that the 
 
 c Registr. Coll. Winton. Waynjldt in Extract. 
 u Registr. Fleming. Institut. fo). 34. 14 June. 
 e Abbies, vol. i. p.3I. 
 
 founder
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 17 
 
 founder of Magdalen college already occu- 
 pied a post not consistent with the duties of 
 a remote vicarage, and on which, as on its 
 basis, the fabric of his future fortune was 
 about to be raised. 
 
 Bishop Waynflete has been likewise men- 
 tioned as a mcmbcr f or canon 5 of the church 
 of Wells from the year 1433; and the re- 
 gister then supplies a William Waynflete 
 presbyter, presented by Theobald Gorges h , 
 knight, to the church of Wroxhale. But 
 this was a different person, as Wroxhale was 
 given in 1436 to one of the canons on his 
 death h . Moreover, Master William Wayn- 
 flete was presented to Cheddesey in Somer- 
 setshire, by a duchess of Suffolk', in 146'9; 
 and it has been remarked k as not so clear, 
 how he came to hold that living after his ad- 
 vancement to the prelacy. But this person 
 soon resigned, and was plainly not the bishop, 
 whose style was no longer Master W.W.; 
 
 1 Godwin ad fin. Joh. de Whethamstede, p. 6SQ. 
 8 H. Wharton Anp;]ia S. vol. i. p. 318. An. 1433, 
 Jl l/th r-Jay, 1433., is the date of the first institution ; IS'ih No- 
 vember, 1436, of the second. 
 
 1 Registr. Stafford, presented June 2d. 
 k Sepulchral Mon. 
 
 c i-or
 
 18 THE LIFE OF 
 
 nor does it appear that bishop Waynflete was 
 ever preferred in that diocese. 
 
 SECT. Til. Tin; bishop of Winchester 
 was now Henry Beaufort, uncle and some 
 time preceptor of king Henry VI. , who had 
 been translated from Lincoln to this see on 
 the vacancy made in 1404 by bishop Wyke- 
 harn l . From him Waynrlete received the 
 only ecclesiastical preferment lie ever en- 
 joyed, or that has been hitherto discovered 
 with certainty, excepting Skendleby, if he 
 Mas indeed vicar there, and his bishopric. 
 
 Upon the hill about a mile east of the 
 city of Winchester were latelj r to be seen the 
 ruins of an hospital dedicated to the blessed 
 Mary Magdalen, the patroness of lepers, and 
 of the numerous buildings in England once 
 appropriated, as this was principally, to their 
 reception. By whom it was erected and en- 
 dowed is not known, but it subsisted before 
 the time of kins; Edward 1. It was designed 
 
 o o 
 
 for one priest, who was master or governor, 
 and for nine poor men and women, called 
 the brethren and sisters, " to remain there 
 
 1 Anglia S. vol.i. p. 318. Budden, p. 59. 
 
 " and
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 19 
 
 " and continue for ever to pray for the souls 
 " of the founders, and all chrysten souls m ." 
 It had a chapel, with a chantry. One of the 
 masters, who held a prebend in the cathe- 
 dral, is mentioned as living in the hospital n . 
 It was valued, in the 26'th of Hen. VIII. , at 
 forty-two pounds sixteen shillings the whole, 
 and at sixteen pounds sixteen shillings and 
 two pence the clear produce. The stipend 
 annexed to the mastership and chantry con- 
 sisted of four of the larger portions in the 
 hospital , which we have been recently told p 
 would amount at that sera to nine pounds 
 twelve shillings, that is at least to one him- 
 
 O ' 
 
 dred pounds now. 
 
 m Hist, nnd Antiq. of Winton, vol. ii. p. 164, 167, 1/1. 
 Tanner Notit. Mon. p. iG8. 
 
 n Registr. Stratford, p. 13. 
 
 Bishop Beaufort collated to it in 140f). In the instrument in 
 his Register it i.s called " Domus cleemosynaria sivc Hospitalis 
 
 " S. M. Magd. et Cantaria in eodem." " Custodiam sive regi- 
 
 " men hospitalis, et cantariam in eodem, cum quatuor de porcio- 
 " nibus majoribus in hospital! predicto, committimus." 
 
 i' Hist.of Winton, vol. ii. p. 171. Bishop Fleetwood (Chronicon 
 Pretiosum) has proved 40 s. in the reign of Henry VI. to have been 
 equal to_l2 in that of queen Anne. The value of money has 
 continued to fall since his time. It has been calculated that what 
 was equivalent to f 12 then, was about sixty years after he wrote 
 become equivalent to 20; and this proportion must be now in- 
 creased. See Blackstone Comment. 
 
 A freehold of forty shillings a-year would furnish with proper 
 Industry all the necessaries of life, 9 Hen. VI. 
 
 c 2 It
 
 It happens that only one volume of bi- 
 shop Beaufort's Register q , comprising the 
 first eight years of his presidency over this 
 diocese, is extant at Winchester; so that 
 we are unable to fix the time when the ma- 
 stership and chantry of St. Mary Magdalen 
 were conferred on Waynflete ; but it ap- 
 pears, from other evidence 1 ", that he was in 
 possession in 1438. He continued, it seems, 
 to hold it until his own advancement to that 
 see ; for he collated to it soon after (Feb. 12, 
 1447)? and gave the new warden, when he 
 had taken an oath to observe the statutes, 
 canonical institution at his palace of South- 
 wark s . 
 
 It has been surmised, and not without 
 probability, that Waynflete was led to ad- 
 opt Mary Magdalen as his patron saint in 
 consequence of his preferment; and that the 
 name of his future hall and now flourishing 
 
 o 
 
 college at Oxford was the produce of his 
 connexion with this her humble hospital 
 near Winchester*. 
 
 'i It commences in 1405. At the end is written, in a contem- 
 porary hand, " Prima pars. ii (la cum Dilo Rege." 
 > Hist, and Antiq. of Winton, vol.ii. p. 177, 178. 
 * Registr. jyaynflete, f. 3. 
 1 Hist, and Antiq, of \Vinton_, vol.ii. p. 178. 
 
 SECT.
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 9A 
 
 SECT. IV. AMONG the early and prin- 
 cipal friends of Waynflete is reckoned Tho- 
 mas Bekyngton, Bekenton, or De Bekin- 
 
 ^ <O 
 
 ton. He was of Wallingford in Berkshire"; 
 had been educated at Winchester while 
 Wykeham was living, and proceeded to his 
 college in Oxford in 1403, the } r ear before 
 he died, and there became doctor of laws. 
 When his knowledge of Waynflete com- 
 menced, whether at the university, or not 
 until after his settlement at Winchester, 
 we are ignorant ; nor have I been able to 
 trace with certainty any particular instance 
 of his patronage. It was, however, " by 
 " the means and assistance of this most be- 
 " neficent prelate that he, springing up like 
 " a flourishing scyon from the root of so great 
 " a foundation as Wykeham's, increased as 
 6; it were into a mighty cedar, and, as a tree 
 " planted by the water-side, brought forth 
 " fruit in abundance w ." 
 
 Dr. Thomas Chaundler, from whom we 
 
 u Registr. Coll. Winton. He was only fellow, not warden. 
 A. Wood. 
 
 w " Quamobrem ex tantss fundationis pullulans radice, florescens 
 " quasi virgula, ope et adjutorio Thomse Beckingtonii, beneficentis- 
 " simi domini, et Vellensis ecclesise prsesulis lectissimi, ferme in ce- 
 <f drum crevit magnam, quasique lignum plantation secus decursus 
 " aquarum, uberrimos fructus protulit." 
 
 Chaundelei-j Chaundler, or Chawndeler/in V. Wykeham, p.HQ. 
 
 have
 
 22 THE LIFE OF 
 
 have the above information, was educated 
 at Wykcham's colleges; was warden of Win- 
 chester in 1450, of Xew college in 1453, 
 and many years chancellor of the university 
 of Oxford. Both Ijekvngton and Waynflete 
 
 <^ *r> / 
 
 bestowed preferments on him, and his name 
 occurs often in their registers. He was chan- 
 cellor of the diocese of Bath and Wells, and 
 held the mastership of St. Cross, besides liv- 
 ings, in that of Winchester. We shall have 
 
 O J 
 
 frequent occasion to mention him. The 
 passage is cited from his Life of Wykeham 
 (a manuscript in the archives of l\ew col- 
 lege) by Budden*; who uses his testimony 
 as seeming to countenance the general opi- 
 nion that Waynflete was of that society, lie 
 has subjoined another evidence, of no great 
 authority ; a drawing prefixed as a frontis- 
 piece to a printed book-' in the library, in 
 
 which 
 
 -- V. 50. 
 
 >' The Life of Wykeham by Martyn. It was printed after the 
 denth of the author, London 15()7> Oxon. l6yO, in a large quarto. 
 Much of the matter is taken from Dr. Chaundler. A. W. Athencs 
 Ox. vol. i. p. 210. He wrote "Collocutiones tie hurJ.abili vita, &c. 
 " W. de Wykeham," which may be seen in the archives of New 
 college. In it he mentions a MS. account of that great prelate, 
 and especially of his donations and charities, in the following terms : 
 " In Coll. B. M. Wynton et vidi et legi. Sed cum Wintoni coll. 
 fl prsesiderern custos preciosi illius invent! thesauri indignum me 
 
 " arbitrabar
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 23 
 
 which Wykeham is delineated sitting in a 
 chair, with archbishop Chicheley, who is 
 acknowledged to have been of that seminary, 
 on his right hand, and bishop Waynflete on 
 his left, each respectfully presenting to him 
 a picture of his college. 
 
 Bekyngton 
 
 " arbitrabar custodem ; ca de re domino Wilhelmo episcopo jam 
 " Wynton custodiendam secretius, quid rogo dicerem an reposui an 
 " obtuli," This was returned to the college, where it yet remains. 
 Lowth, preface, p. xx. 
 
 " Me miserum, Wainnete, tuas qui pracdico laudes, 
 
 " Maleria vires exuperante meas. 
 " Te tuus Henricus dignatus habere magistrum, 
 (< Rex quoq; Wickamicae de grege pubis erat. 
 " Te tuus Henricus meritis pro talibus idem 
 
 " Wickamico jussit prsesul honore fores. 
 " Inde fuit credo quod ctrtabatis uterqj 
 
 " Wickamico sacras condere more domos. 
 " Rex duo magnifico struxit collegia sumptu, 
 " Te Magdalenae nomine fa ma notat." 
 
 MSS. Tanner 102, f. 296, b. 
 
 Ti ese and other verses are subjoined to a copy in MS. of Mar- 
 t n's Life of Wickham (of which see Lowth's preface, p. ix. x.), 
 which are not in the printed edition. The Life in this MS. is fol- 
 lowed, 1. by Wickham's Will ; then, 2. " WiiFmi Wickami Ep. 
 " Winton. ortus atqj vita," two pages and a half folio, in long and 
 short verse 5 then, 3. " Catalogue omnium Episcoporum e Colle- 
 " gio Wickami provenientium a jactis collegii furdamentis," three 
 pages of long and short verse, ending with John White, bishop of 
 Winton. None of these are in the printed edit, of Martin, 15p7, 
 and Lowth says, that of l6f)0 was not improved. Q/ifi-re, Had 
 Lowth ever seen this copy of Martin's Life of W. of Wickham 
 Wiiii.e was bishop of Winton from 15jd to 1560. 
 
 Dr.
 
 24 THE LIFE OF 
 
 Bckyngton was now rising in favour with 
 the king, Henry VI., and in power. His 
 knowledge and experience, as a member of 
 a large society, rendered him a fit counsellor 
 for a monarch intent on the establishment 
 of new colleges. Henry, it is likely by his 
 suggestions, was led to examine in person 
 the plan of Wykeham's foundation at Win- 
 chester, preparatory to his settlement of 
 that which he had projected at Eton. His 
 
 Jl */ 
 
 first visit to the college was on the thirtieth 
 
 o 
 
 of July, 1440. Y\'aynflete z had executed 
 his office there so ably, with such diligence, 
 judgement, and success, that the king, per- 
 haps by the advice of Beaufort and Bekyng- 
 
 Dr. C. gave to Winchester college, 14/2, a tenement with a 
 curtilage in Sadlcrs Street, Wells, formerly known by the name 
 of the Mitre Inn. Mr.BIackstone, from Evidence, book 0, p. 251, 
 and also an ancient MS. in the warden's custody. 
 
 Likewise ij Rydelf de blod~ Tartaryn, pro sumrno altare in ca- 
 pella coll. Wyntoif. 
 
 Item, 1 Crux de argento deauraf cum ymagine crucifixi cum 
 pcde qua^rato de argento deaurat~ cum armis D ni Fundatoris in 
 Interiori parte ejusdem, 
 
 Also a silver cup for holy water. 
 
 Also lands at Lepckoke, Hants, and a tenement and lands called 
 
 Fryresland, 
 
 Most Ancient Register, and Computus in 14/6. 
 
 He was of the city of Wells. 
 
 ' L Lowth, sect. xi. Hugget MS, History of Eton, in the British 
 Museum, vol. iv. p. 9. 
 
 ton
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 23 
 
 ton who knew his merits, resolved to trans- 
 plant him to Eton ; and, as he adopted 
 Wykeham's institution for his model, to be- 
 gin the seminary with a colony under his 
 master. Waynflete had presided in the 
 school about eleven years a , when he was 
 thus suddenly b distinguished by ;ood for- 
 
 */ o J ~ 
 
 tune, and became an object of royal atten- 
 tion and favour . 
 
 SECT. V. THE college at Eton, as that 
 near Y^inchester, was established chiefly on 
 account of the school. It was at first de- 
 signed d to consist of a provost, ten priests, 
 four clerks, and six boys, choristers, to mi- 
 nister daily at divine worship; of twenty- 
 five indigent scholars ; the same number of 
 poor and infirm men ; and of one master or 
 teacher, to instruct gratis, in the rudiments 
 
 a He had been master " per annos duodecim," Budden, p. 5/; 
 " twelve or more years," A. W.j " about eleven years/' Lowth. 
 
 b Mr. Blackstone. 
 
 c It has been the custom to distinguish the wardens of Win- 
 chester and the head-masters of the school, from the foundation, by 
 a Latin couplet in the Register. The following is that on Wayn- 
 flete, dated about the time of his entering on his station there, but 
 composed at a later aera, perhaps after his decease. 
 
 " 1430. Par Fundatori factis, Waynflete, locoque, 
 " Cur arctant titulos disticha nostra tuos ?" 
 
 * MS. Harl. N 6962. The date is llth October, 19 Hen. VI. 
 
 of
 
 26 
 
 of grammar, the scholars, and all others who 
 should come to the college from any part of 
 the kingdom of England. In the charter of 
 foundation, which passed the great seal in 
 1441, Waynflcte is named to be one of the 
 six fellows under provost Sever 6 . He re- 
 moved in 1442 f , with five of the fellows and 
 thirty-five scholars; and assumed at Eton 
 the station which he had already filled with 
 so much honour to himself and advantage 
 to the public at Winchester. 
 
 We may form an idea of the state of the 
 buildings of the college at Eton about this 
 
 ~ o 
 
 time, from an account of the initiation of 
 Bekyngton into the episcopal office. He 
 had been made secretary to the king 5 , and 
 keeper of the privy seal, and was now ad- 
 vanced to the sec of Bath and Wells. On 
 Sunday, 13th October, 1443, lie was conse- 
 
 e Godwin, p. 232. Budden, p. 58. Pole Catal, p. 7. not Shaver, 
 as in Bud Jen. 
 
 Hugget queries the five fellows - } as one (William Weye) at 
 the time of his admission is said to have been about 1440 fellow of 
 Exeter college. The ten priests were perhaps the fellows, and the six 
 to completethe number, but why was Waynflete named as a fellow ? 
 
 f Mr. Blackstone, from Registr. Coll. Winton. 
 
 He has been said to have removed the same year the king was at 
 Winchester, or 1440, and to have held the employment about three 
 years. 
 
 s 13th February, 16 Hen. VL MS. Harl. 6962. 
 
 crated
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 27 
 
 crated by the bishop of Lincoln in the old 
 collegiate church of St. Mary of Eton ; and, 
 after the ceremony, celebrated his first mass 
 in his pontificals in the new church of St. 
 Mary, then erecting and not half finished, 
 under a pavilion provided for the purpose 
 at the altar, directly over the spot where 
 king Henry had laid the first stone. An en- 
 tertainment was given to the prelates and 
 company assembled on the occasion, in like 
 manner, within the new walls of the college, 
 on the north side, the chambers being as 
 yet indistinct, and undivided by partitions h . 
 Henry, like Vvykeham, designed his school 
 to be a seminary for a college in one of the 
 universities. Ue founded also, in 1441, 
 King's college at Cambridge, which was 
 carried on jointly with that at Eton. The 
 architect was named Cloos, alias Close, and 
 ^vas father of Nicholas, one of the first fel- 
 lows, afterwards a bishop, and master of the 
 works to king Henry'. The first provost 
 was William Millyngton, who was displaced 
 for endeavouring to confine the royal muni- 
 ficence within narrow limits, by appropriat- 
 
 h Registr, Bebjngion. 
 
 ' Hearne, Hist, and Antiq. of Glastonbury, pref. p. Ixv. Hug- 
 get, vol. ii.
 
 28 THE LIFE OF 
 
 ing it principally to bis native county, York- 
 shire 1 '. The king had appointed William 
 Lynde wode, a prelate famous for learning 
 and wisdom, some time keeper of the privy 
 seal, with others \ (12th February 1440,) to 
 provide a body of statutes for the use of 
 both societies. 
 
 When Waynflete had been master about 
 three years, the school being formed, he was 
 promoted by the king to be provost of Eton. 
 The day fixed for his admission, and for the 
 introduction of the statutes, was the festival 
 of St. Thomas, the 21st of December, 1443. 
 The commissaries, who were bishop Bekyng- 
 ton and William dc la Pole, afterwards duke 
 of Suffolk, with two notaries public, met in 
 the choir of the collegiate church ; and the 
 prelate declared their business to be, to re- 
 ceive the oath of the provost to observe the 
 statutes, and to see him administer a like 
 oath to the other members of the college. 
 Waynflete then appeared; and, after the 
 reading of a dispensation, which the insuffi- 
 ciency of the buildings, and certain articles 
 not yet fully arranged, had rendered neccs- 
 
 k Hugget,, MS. Hist, of Eton, vol. i. 
 
 1 Hugget, vol. iv. p. Q. 
 
 m Hugget, vol. i. [21st Dec. 1442. 21 Hen. VI. Pole.'] 
 
 sary
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 29 
 
 sary in some particulars, looked into and 
 touched the holy Gospels, and, kneeling de- 
 liberately and reverently, took the oath. He 
 was then placed in the chief seat on the 
 ri^iit hand of the choir, and there tendered 
 
 o 
 
 the oath prescribed to the persons con- 
 cerned, each in his turn, in the presence of 
 the commissaries". This has been styled 
 the formal admission of certain members 
 upon what is called the second foundation ; 
 the provost, five fellows, t\vo clerks, and ten 
 scholars and choristers. Two masters of arts, 
 and two poor scholars, admitted gremials of 
 Eton by the new provost, became in the same 
 year (1443) the two first fellows and scho- 
 lars of Kino's college not named in the 
 
 O O 
 
 charter 1 '. The statutes prepared for the 
 royal colleges were accepted in July (20th) 
 1446 by the visitors, the archbishop of Can- 
 terbury and the bishop of Lincoln. The 
 king had then enlarged his plan for Eton, 
 and added, among other members, an usher. 
 To the master he allowed ten pounds yearly, 
 a stipend far beyond what is allotted to any 
 one besides, except the provost, to whom 
 
 n Hugget, vol. i. 
 
 Hugget, vol. iv. p. 9. 
 
 *' Hugget, vol. ii. p. 313.
 
 SO THE LIFE OF 
 
 he assigned thirty q . The successor of Wayn- 
 flete in the school was William Westbury r , 
 master of arts, of New college ; who, it is not 
 i in probable, had been educated under him, 
 as many eminent and learned persons were, 
 at Winchester or Eton ; and whom he after- 
 wards (in 1465) collated to the mastership 
 of St. Cross, vacant by the resignation of 
 Dr. Chaundler. Budden s mentions, that by 
 favour of sir Henry Saville he had seen 
 leases at Eton signed by provost Wayn- 
 flete. 
 
 The arms* of the family of Patten alias 
 liarbour were afield fusily ermine and sable. 
 Waynflete, as provost, inserted on a chief of 
 the second, three lilies slipped argent ; being 
 
 the amis of the college. This addition was 
 
 ~ 
 
 made as a token of gratitude to the king, 
 because from Eton he derived honour and 
 dignity 11 ; not to acknowledge his education 
 there, as Guillim * most absurdly supposes. 
 
 i Hugget. 
 
 r Hogget, vol. iii. p. 310. 
 
 3 P. 53. 
 
 1 Budden does not set forth properly the arms of provost Wayn- 
 ilete, when he says he quartered the Eton lilies, they being added in 
 a chief. Hugget. Dr. Wilson. 
 
 Le Neve has lozcngy for fusily, p. 4Q3. 
 
 u Budden, p. 54. Le Neve, p. 493. 
 
 v Guillirn, 408. 
 
 His
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 31 
 
 His example was followed by provost Lup- 
 ton y in lo ( 25. He retained this bearing after 
 his removal to the see of Winchester, caused 
 it to be engraved on the public seal of his 
 hall, and transmitted it to his college. Much 
 stress has been laid on it, as a variation from 
 the Patten arms, by those who have con- 
 tended that his name was originally Y> avn- 
 
 o / / 
 
 fiete. His arms are noticed as remaining at 
 Eton in 1163, cut in stone in two places; in 
 the ante-chapel, over the north door, in 
 the north-west corner, rcitli the lilies on a 
 chief; and over the font, zcithout the lilies; 
 the latter, I suppose, placed in the roof be- 
 fore he was provost, if they were painted, 
 both have been falsified about twenty years 
 since; azure and or having been substituted 
 in the room of sable and ermine ; and to 
 those over the font a chief is added, unless 
 Hugget was mistaken, with lilies argent, but 
 unlike the other, and differing from their 
 common representation. The glass in the 
 chapel-windows stained lozengy argent, or 
 rather ermine, and sable, mentioned by him, 
 is no louder visible there. 
 
 o 
 
 ? Hugget:, vol. ii. p. 203. 
 
 SECT.
 
 32 THE LIFE OF 
 
 SECT. VI. THE duke of Bedford, regent 
 of France, had supported his royal nephew 
 king Henry, who was only nine months old 
 at his accession to the throne in 1442, with 
 fidelity and success. On his dvinp in 1435, 
 
 ^ +s d? 
 
 cardinal Beaufort, amid contending factions, 
 continued to the vouns; monarch the plea- 
 
 ^ o i 
 
 sure of tranquil retirement, which he loved ; 
 and to his party the queen, Margaret daugh- 
 ter of Rene of Anjou, king of the two Sici- 
 lies, adhered on her arrival in England. 
 Humphrey, usually styled the good duke of 
 Gloucester 2 , who was at the head of the op- 
 position, after being disgraced in 1447, was 
 murthered, it was commonly believed, by 
 Beaufort and William de la Pole then duke 
 of Suffolk. The cardinal did not lone; sur- 
 
 O 
 
 vive him. On Tuesday the llth of April he 
 died in his palace at Winchester, testifying 
 remorse, at a great age, and immensely rich. 
 " Of this catholike clcrkc", says Holinshed a , 
 
 " such 
 
 2 Archiv. Univ. Oxon. Registr. F. p. 52. This volume contains 
 several letters to duke Humphrey, and catalogues of the books 
 given by him. 
 
 a Vol. ii. p. C28. There succeeded in his bishoprick a more 
 deserving prelate. Baker Chron. p. 188. He is mentioned by 
 Polydore Vergil, Angl. Hist. p. 403, 1. 36. " Is etenim fuit; et 
 " cum permulta egregia opera fecisset, illud unum imprimis prae- 
 
 " clarum
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 33 
 
 *' such were the deeds, that with king and 
 li ech estate else, the lighter was the loss ; 
 " bicause as for his hat he was a prelate 
 " proud inough, so for a bishop was there a 
 " better soone set in his room." 
 
 It is related of Henry VI, that he was 
 circumspect in ecclesiastical matters, and 
 particularly cautious not to bestow prefer- 
 ment on persons undeserving, or in a manner 
 unworthy of his own dignity b . John Stam- 
 bery , his confessor and first provost of Eton, 
 had received from him the bishopric of 
 Norwich, and had been deprived of it bv 
 the power of Suffolk. Afterwards he ob- 
 tained Bangor c : but it is probable Henry 
 w p as prevented by his failure then from at- 
 tempting to promote Sever d , the predeces- 
 sor of Y\ ayntlete, to the prelacy ; and per- 
 haps he had a retrospect to it on this occa- 
 sion, if we give credit to a tale which Bud- 
 den 6 regards as a mere invention. It was 
 
 C? 
 
 said 
 
 " clarnrfi exiitit ; naai ut pat'ria erudhissimis hominibus indies ma- 
 '' gis magisque afflucret, Oxonii collegium posuit." 
 
 b Blackman, p. 205. 
 
 ' Buddon, p. 58. 
 
 ^ Camdeni eft'iil. p. 224. 
 
 e F. -46'. " Fuere tatuen (ut ego aliquando accepi) qui narraci- 
 " uncub.ni (baud pol illepidam) a communi tamen judicio valde 
 (: difFtrer.tcm iiobls cxcogitarunt, quam ego in ipsorum gratiam 
 
 " nunc
 
 34 THE LIFE OF 
 
 said that he called Waynflete, and addressing 
 him familiarly, as was his custom, by the 
 title of Master William, asked whether, if 
 he should obtain a certain benefice by his 
 favour, lie should be able to retain it? 
 On his answering; in the affirmative, and 
 
 ~ 7 
 
 that he would with diligence whenever his 
 majesty ordered ; Henry replied, he then 
 willed and commanded him to be bishop of 
 Winchester. 
 
 It was perhaps necessary to use uncom- 
 mon expedition to secure this promotion to 
 Waynflete, and to preclude embarrassment 
 from papal interposition or the application 
 of potent and factious noblemen. Henry, 
 without waiting the customary forms, on the 
 day his uncle died, sent leave to the church 
 of Winchester to proceed to an election, and 
 strongly recommended his " right trustie and 
 
 o / o 
 
 " wel beloved clarke and councellour Master 
 " 'William Waynflete, provost of Eton/' to 
 be his successor*. He committed to him, 
 by letters patent s of the same date, the cus- 
 
 <e nunc subji'ciam. Fernet accitum ab II. VI. Gulielmum, tune forte 
 " ubi Coll. Eton, prsefecturam gcrebat." 
 
 f Sec Appendix, N I. 
 
 g Rymer. Acta MSS. vol. vi. N 153, in the British Museum. 
 See mention of this collection of records consisting of 59 largu 
 volumes folio, Lowth, p, xxii. 
 
 tody
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 35 
 
 tody of the temporaries ; and, in virtue of 
 them, Waynflete on the 14th presented to 
 the church of Wytteney h . 
 
 At Winchester, on the 12th of April, the 
 day after the decease of the cardinal, and 
 perhaps before the arrival of the letter from 
 the king, the monks of the convent of 
 St. Swythin, Benedictines, assembled in their 
 chapter-house, and deputed the sub-prior 
 with one of the brethren to notify the va- 
 cancy by an instrument under their common 
 seal, and to desire the royal permission to 
 elect a bishop. The king answered them on 
 the 13th, and renewed his solicitations that 
 they would choose Waynflete without delay. 
 His letter was received on the 14th by Wil- 
 liam Aulton the prior, master Stephen Wilton 
 doctor of decrees and archdeacon of Win- 
 chester, and the whole brotherhood ; when 
 they determined not to postpone their com- 
 pliance even to the time named by the king, 
 but were unanimous in fixing on the loth, 
 which was Saturday, for the election. The 
 conge d'clire or licence under the privy seal 
 is dated the same day at Canterbury 1 . 
 
 h Registr. Lincoln, ult. April. 1447. MS. Harl. 6952. p. 167. 
 5 Rymer, t. xi. p. l0'2. 
 
 D 2 After
 
 36 THE LIFE OF 
 
 After the mass de Spiritu Sancto had been 
 solemnly performed at the high altar in the 
 church of St. S \vythin, and a bell tolled ac- 
 cording to custom, the prior, the sub-prior, 
 the archdeacon of Winchester, and that of 
 Surry by his proxy, with thirty-seven bre- 
 thren, all professed monks and in holy orders, 
 except three, who were young, met in the 
 chapter-house. The word of God was then 
 propounded, and they implored devoutly the 
 divine grace by singing the hymn " Veni 9 
 Creator Spirit us," A protestation against the 
 presence or voting of any unqualified person 
 was read by the prior, and the constitution 
 general " Qula propter" by Dr. Wilton. Im- 
 mediately when this was done, they all 
 without any debate, on a sudden, with one 
 accord, the Holy Ghost, as they firmly be- 
 lieved, inspiring them, directed their suffrages 
 to Waynfle-te, and elected him, as it were 
 with one voice and one spirit, for their bishop 
 and pastor; and instantly singing Tc iJeum, 
 and causing the bells to ring merrily, they 
 went in procession to the high altar of the 
 church, where Dr. Wilton, by their order, 
 published the transaction in the vulgar 
 tongue to a numerous congregation of the 
 clergy and people. The sub-prior and an- 
 other
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 37 
 
 other monk were deputed to wait on Wayn- 
 flete at Eton college with the news of his 
 election. From sincere reluctance, or a de- 
 cent compliance with the fashion of the 
 times, he protested often and with tears, and 
 could not be prevailed on to undertake the 
 important office to which he was called, 
 until they found him, about sunset, in the 
 church of St. Mary; when he consented, 
 saying, he would no longer resist the divine 
 will k . 
 
 The king was formally apprized of all 
 these proceedings by an instrument under 
 the common seal of the convent dated the 
 17th, and the sub-prior attended as before, 
 with an humble request that he would vouch- 
 safe to confirm their election. The chap- 
 ter sent likewise to Rome a narrative of 
 the steps they had taken after the delivery 
 of the body of the deceased cardinal, as was 
 fitting, to ecclesiastical sepulture; and the 
 prior declares, in his own name and that of 
 the whole convent, that, their unanimous 
 suffrages having fallen on Waynfiete, he 
 elects and provides him to be bishop and 
 pastor of their church. They request his 
 
 k Ledger Bo ok I.fol. 74. 
 
 holiness
 
 38 THE LIFE OF 
 
 holiness to confirm their choice, and impart 
 to their new bishop his free gift of conse- 
 cration l . 
 
 The disposal of all ecclesiastical prefer- 
 ments in England, even of rectories and 
 vicarages, had been claimed by the Roman 
 pontiffs. They had relinquished the privi- 
 lege in a treaty which was not observed, and 
 in which mention of the bishoprics was 
 omitted m . It had been their custom to 
 nominate before the vacancy, and to fill the 
 sees by provision. Several acts of parlia- 
 ment were passed, forbidding any person to 
 receive the benefit of a dignity so conferred. 
 
 c> ^ 
 
 The pope however had continued his pre- 
 tensions ; and the bulle of consecration, 
 without which that ceremony could not be 
 performed, was always preceded by one of 
 
 I See Appendix, N V. 
 Sadden, p. 6l, 62, 63, 64, 65. 
 
 The convent consisted of a prior and forty-two monks. Lowth 
 A. D. 1447. " r.xpens.~ fact.~ circa M~ Willrrf Wanflett electtf 
 " WyntonT M~ Will~m Say, Danyell, tres alios armigeros de fa- 
 " milia D' a Regis Vice-custodern Oxon~ Radulph~ Lye Blacman 
 " Precentor" de Cicestr~ Boston" Precentor~ de Coll. Regali Can- 
 " tabrigie Digleys Crosby et alios generosos ac familiares venientes 
 " ad Collegium mense Mail ad diversas refectiones xxxi s . ij d ." 
 
 Computus Coll. Wynton, 
 111 Gil pin. Wii'kUff p. ly. 
 
 II See Lowthj sect. ii. 
 
 provision*
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 39 
 
 provision. Y\ hen Wykeham was made bishop, 
 both bulles were issued on the same clay. 
 In his room the convent of St. Swythin 
 elected their prior; but Innocent the Third 
 declared that his predecessor had reserved 
 the provision of the church for that turn, and 
 therefore he appointed Beaufort to it . At 
 this time the pope was Nicholas the Fifth in 
 his first year, afterwards famous as an en- 
 courager of learning, and a lover of Homer 
 (whose poems he caused to be translated 
 into Latin verse p ) and of the Muses. He 
 was under obligations to Henry for his me- 
 diation between him and Amadeus q the 
 duke of Savoy, who retired to a monastery 
 on the lake of Geneva, and became one of the 
 popes or antipopes, by the name of Felix the 
 Fifth, durino' the schism which had so lono- 
 
 ~ o 
 
 afflicted the catholic church. Nicholas was 
 willing to gratify the king, and did not defer 
 his compliance with the request of the con- 
 vent. A bulle r dated so early as the 10th of 
 
 May 
 
 e " Pro apostolicoe sedis providentia." Ledger Book I. 
 I' Budden, p. 59. 
 
 i Budden, p. 65. He cites Fabian. 
 
 r '' Nos decernentes per prefate sedis providentiam ulileiu et 
 <f idoneam presidere personam provisione" sexto id. Iviaii etc. 
 
 Budden. p. 06. Ex Arcliiv. 
 D, Red-
 
 40 THE LIFE OF 
 
 Ma} 7 declared that he had provided YV ayo- 
 rlcte, and set him over the church of Win- 
 chester. On the 4th of June precepts 
 were issued, signifying that the Pope had 
 made this notification ; that the bishop elect 
 had renounced all and every the words in 
 his bullc derogatory to the king and his 
 crown ; and that the king, having accepted 
 his homage for the temporalties of his 
 see, ordered them to be released s . On the 
 l()th Waynflcte made profession of obedi- 
 ence to the archbishop of Canterbury at 
 Lambeth. He was consecrated at Eton on 
 the 13th of July. The college at Winches- 
 ter presented him on the occasion with a 
 horse, which cost six pounds thirteen shil- 
 lings and four pence; and gave money (thir- 
 teen shillings and four pence) to the boys 
 at Eton. The warden, with other members, 
 attended the solemnity ; and the expenses of 
 their journey thither, and to London, on 
 horseback, amounted to thirteen shillings 
 
 D. Redmanni Registr. Cant. 
 Provisus iOMaii. II. Wharton, vol. i. p. 318. 
 6 Mali Registr. Stafford, f. 27. 
 s Rymer, t. xi. p. 1/2. Budden, p. CO. 
 
 Rex restituit temp. \Vill~o W. proviso in Ep. Wiut. 
 4 Jun. 
 
 MS. Harl. N 6962. 
 
 and
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETF. 41 
 
 and five pence*. On the 18th Waynflete 
 received the spiritualties"; and he held hi* 
 first general ordination on Sunday the 23d 
 of December following at Eton, by special 
 license from the bishop of Lincoln. 
 
 It has been asserted, that during the 
 
 o 
 
 whole primacy of Stafford the Pope ap- 
 pointed bishops in England by provision ; 
 and, among others, AVaynflete, a prelate re- 
 markable for piety and learning x . Budden, 
 though he allows that the bishop did not 
 perhaps entirely abstain from availing him- 
 self of the power of illustrious persons, and 
 the custom of the age, dissents from the 
 opinion that he was raised to the episcopal 
 throne by papal provision ; and the reader 
 who considers the foregoing detail will pro- 
 bably pronounce that he was not, in the 
 laro-cr sense of the word ; but will regard 
 
 O * <* 
 
 him as indebted for his high dignity, to his 
 own character, the suffrages of the chapter 
 of St, Swvthin, and the influence of the 
 
 \j 
 
 king. 
 
 The bishop, soon after he was confirmed 
 
 < Registr. Wayvjldc. Computus Coll. Wynton. 
 Registr. Stafford. H. Wharton. Godwin. Budden, p. 66. 
 * Budden, p. 60. From M. Parker in V. Stafford. See p. G'4, 
 GO. Mat. Parker, p. 43 2. 
 
 in
 
 42 THE LIFE OF 
 
 in the possession of bis see, received a most 
 honourable testimony of the confidence re- 
 posed in him by his royal patron y. King 
 Henry, possibly foreseeing the troubles about 
 to overwhelm the nation, was solicitous to 
 insure the completion of his two colleges. 
 He now made a testamentary provision for 
 it ; and, " in consideration of the great 
 " discretion, the high truth, and the fer- 
 " vent zeal for his welfare, which he had 
 " proved" in the bishop of Winchester, con- 
 stituted him by his will, dated at Eton on 
 the 12 th of March 1447, his surveyor, exe- 
 cutor, and director ; as also sole arbiter of 
 any variance which might happen with his 
 feoffees. The desire to accomplish this 
 measure, was perhaps the particular motive 
 of his impatience to secure the advancement 
 of Waynflete to the mitre. 
 
 A popular preacher of reformation (Re^ 
 ginald Pecock) about this time enlarged on 
 the riches, luxury, and pride of the superior 
 clergy ; and by his eloquence rendered the 
 grandeur annexed to episcopacy in parti- 
 
 y See Appendix, N VII. 
 
 Henry VI. nominated him one of the fourteen trustees of his 
 will, to succeed the first nominees in case of death. Sepulchral 
 Men, 
 
 cular.
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 43 
 
 cular, a subject of public clamour and in- 
 dignation. The spiritual lords were then 
 served on the knee, and had pompous re- 
 tinues ; some, it is related, appearing abroad 
 with as many as fourscore attendants, their 
 horses all bedecked with silver trappings z . 
 So splendid was the mitre when conferred 
 on Waynflete; whose approved moderation, 
 with the worthy uses to which he destined 
 his revenue, was well adapted to conciliate 
 the temper of its adversaries. He persevered 
 in his wonted, unaffected humility ; and, we 
 are told, was accustomed to repeat often 
 that verse of the Magnificat, St. Luke i. 49, 
 " Qui potens est fecit pro me magna, et 
 " sanctum nomen ejus;" which also he 
 added to his arms as his motto a . 
 
 See A. Wood. 
 2 Sudden, p. 87, 
 
 CHAP-
 
 44 THE LIFE OF 
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 
 Transactions at Oxford and Winchester, wlih 
 Ike Founding of Magdalen Hall by Bishop 
 Waynflctc. 
 
 SECT. I.nr^H E long continuance of the 
 
 -*- war with France had engrossed 
 
 ~ 
 
 tlie attention, and exhausted the finances, 
 as well of individuals as of the public. The 
 university of Oxford lamented its empty 
 halls and inns a ; and the condition of the 
 scanty number of students, which still re- 
 sorted to it, was from poverty, neglect, and 
 the difficulty of obtaining instruction, truly 
 deplorable. Indigent clerks had one while 
 received assistance from customary and vo- 
 luntary stipends, or exhibitions, chiefly the 
 bounty of rich churchmen; but these, in- 
 stead of residing, as formerly, on their pre-i 
 ferments, lived in the houses of the great, 
 or expended their revenues at the court. In 
 a synod of the clergy held at London (1438), 
 
 " In M3;. Epist, Acad. Oxon. 125. in Archiv. 
 
 arch-
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 45 
 
 archbishop Chichele b had procured the re- 
 newal of a decree, that ecclesiastical bene- 
 fices should be conferred only on persons 
 who had taken their degrees ; yet few of 
 them fell to the lot of academics. Many 
 belonged to monasteries and cathedrals, or 
 collegiate churches, and were supplied by 
 vicars and hirelings with knowledge pro- 
 portionate to their salary. Many were be- 
 stowed by the Pope ; and the university 
 afterwards solicited archbishop Bourchier 
 to resist this usurped power, as the bane 
 of literature. A dispensation purchased 
 at Rome indulged the pluralist, protected 
 the non-resident, or admitted the beardless 
 youth to the first offices of the church c . So 
 
 numerous were the discouragements and so 
 
 ~ 
 
 abject was the fortune of the Oxford scho- 
 lars, that it was common for them to beg 
 from house to house d . V> e are told that in 
 this reign the university of Paris, which flou- 
 rished, broke off its ancient connexion with 
 that of Oxford, as beneath its notice 6 . 
 The attention of Waynrlete had been di- 
 
 b Duck, in V. Chich. 
 
 c Duck, p. 39. 
 
 d A. Wood, p. 242, 225, 22d. 
 
 " P. 53. 
 
 reeled
 
 46 THE LIFE OF 
 
 rected to the two universities by their alli- 
 ance to the colleges of Winchester and Eton. 
 He had observed the low estate of the scho- 
 lars, clerks, and pitied their condition* On 
 his advancement to the see of Winchester 
 he became intent, says Budden f , on demon- 
 strating that he was equal to his new dig- 
 nity, and that his possessing it would be of 
 general advantage to the community. He 
 studied in what manner he could most use- 
 fully oblige, not only his contemporaries but 
 posterity. A fervent desire to increase know- 
 ledge in a country then scarcely beginning 
 to emerge from barbarism, animated him, 
 and he justly decided, that to promote let- 
 ters was to be a public benefactor. 
 
 Waynflete appears to have conceived 
 early, a warm regard for the university at 
 which he was educated, and to have been 
 connected with it by constant friendly inter- 
 course. Duke Humphrey was an encoura- 
 ger of learning, and a collector of books. 
 He had added to a present of nine volumes, 
 which he made to the university of Oxford, 
 one hundred and twenty in 1459, and one 
 hundred and thirty-five in 1443. Pic had 
 
 / 
 
 f P. 07. 
 
 promised
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 47 
 
 promised more, perhaps his whole library, 
 publicly, in an assembly of the doctors and 
 masters in the congregation-house, and often 
 
 O O 7 
 
 afterwards privately by their messengers ; 
 and had confirmed his donation, as they 
 were assured, on testimony deserving credit, 
 a little before his death. "When that hap- 
 pened, they were unwilling to lose his va- 
 luable gift ; they requested Waynflete to 
 exert his power, at which they professed to 
 rejoice, in their behalf, and to endeavour to 
 obtain it for them from the king ; not 
 doubting but he, naturally disposed to be 
 gracious, would be influenced by his inter- 
 cession, and that of other good men, in their 
 favour. They intimated that more promises 
 had been made by the duke, about H'hich it 
 z^'as better to be silent. Waynflete was not as 
 yet a bishop. They celebrate his approved 
 love for his Alma Mater ; and their letter is 
 remarkable for the affectionate terms in 
 which it is conceived s . 
 
 Kin; Henry had resided at Queen's col- 
 
 ~ > 
 
 lege Oxford with his uncle Beaufort, who, 
 proud as he was, had deemed it not un- 
 
 worlhv of his high birth and station, to in- 
 struct him with other boys as their schcol- 
 
 s See Appendix, N VIII. 
 
 master.
 
 48 THE LIFE OF 
 
 master. He had condescended to be styled 
 the Founder of All Soulen college established 
 by the munificence of Chichele for forty 
 poor and indigent scholars, clerks, to pray 
 for Henry V, the duke of Clarence, those 
 who had perished in the war with France, 
 and for the souls of all the faithful defunct h . 
 He had bestowed on it the lands of some of 
 the alien priories, which had been surrender- 
 ed by the archbishop and clergy as a propi- 
 tiatory offering to his father in 1414, when 
 he was petitioned by parliament to seize 
 their revenues. He is represented as ever 
 friendly to Oxford \ and we are told, that 
 Waynflete endeavoured to persuade him to 
 erect a college there : but he replied, " Ra- 
 " ther at Cambridge ;" declaring his wish, if 
 possible, to continue two universities in his 
 kingdom k . 
 
 If Waynflete did, indeed, at any time 
 apply to Henry, as is related, and was un- 
 
 h MSS. Tanner in Bibl. Bodl. N153, f. 1. " e quibus 24 ar- 
 " tium et sacrarum literarum, reliquos juris civilis atque canonici 
 {< studiis incumbere,, &c." 
 
 ' Stow, p. 9/36. A. Wood,, vol. i. p. 224. Ayliffe,, vol. i. p. 1(50'. 
 
 k " Immo Caiitabrigioe potius, ut ita duas, si fieri possit, in reg- 
 " no academias habeani." Wake. Rex Platonkus, in mavg. p. 6s. 
 
 Queen's college at Cambridge was founded by Margaret, his wife, 
 2S Hen.VI. M-1.9. Baker. 
 
 successful,
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 49 
 
 successful, bis own liberal hand was speedily 
 extended to relieve literate distress. In 1448, 
 the year after his advancement to the mitre, 
 he obtained the royal grant 1 , dated the 6'th 
 of May, impowering him to found a hall, to 
 be called after the blessed St. Mary Mas- 
 
 .' O 
 
 dalen, for the study of divinity and philoso- 
 phy, at Oxford ; to consist of a president and 
 fifty poor scholars, graduates; the number to 
 be augmented or diminished in proportion 
 to their revenues ; and to confer on them 
 a right to use a common seal. This was ac- 
 companied with a license for one hundred 
 pounds a year in mortmain. 
 
 It was the care of John Godmanston, an 
 esquire of Essex, who is styled by Budden m 
 a great admirer of the fine arts, to procure 
 a proper site for the intended edifice and 
 society. An agreement 11 was concluded on 
 
 I See Appendix, N IX. Mortmaynes, N 1. Index of Deeds. 
 A. Wood, p. 187. 
 
 5 to Nonas Mail. Budden, p. 67. 
 
 m P. 67- " Johannes Godmanstonus ex ea nobilium nota qui 
 tc armigeri appellantur, bonarum artlum sumnius admirator, fun- 
 " datorem sponte sua satis incitatum br.nigne etiam instigavit. Et 
 " ne in alieno solo edificaret fundura pie est elargitus." 
 
 Waynflete collated Simon Godmanston, A. B. hL chaplain, to 
 the parish church of Nutshulling, May 6th, 1452. Registr. IFayn- 
 Jlde. 
 
 II S.Petrus in Oriente^ 11, Index of Deeds. A. Wood, p. 188. 
 
 E the
 
 50 THE LIFE OF 
 
 the ^th of June between him and Richard 
 Vise, or Yysc, master, and the brethren of 
 the hospital for the maintenance of poor 
 and sick persons dedicated to St. John Bap- 
 tist without the cast gate, Oxford. They 
 granted for a Jong term, all their lands and 
 tenements inclosed by the way leading from 
 the cast gate to the street of St. John Bap- 
 tist on the east, and to Horse-mullane, after- 
 wards Logic-lane, on the west; having the 
 High-street on the north, and St. John's 
 
 O ' 
 
 street, where is St. Alban-hall and Merton- 
 college, on the south. Of these tenements, 
 in number nine, some with small courts and 
 gardens, the four principal were Bostar-hall, 
 Hare-hall, Pencrych-hall, and Nightingale- 
 hall. The first was one hundred and thirty- 
 five feet long, and thirty-seven broad, and 
 stood where afterwards was a house called 
 the Scruple-office, in the High-street, on the 
 west side of the Saracens Head, now the 
 
 Ansel Jnn. Hare-hall was seventy-five feet 
 
 o 
 
 Ions 1 , and sixtv-six broad. They also let to 
 
 O 5 * *J 
 
 him on the 20th Hare- or Nightingale-hall 
 lane, three hundred and forty feet long, 
 which they rented at two shillings a year of 
 the mayor and corporation of Oxford . 
 
 VHLOxon. K"3. Index. 
 
 The
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 51 
 
 The bishop on the first of August consti- 
 tuted Simon Godmanston his attorney, to 
 take seisin in his name ; and John Godman- 
 ston, having made over to him Bostar- and 
 
 J o 
 
 Hare-hall, with their gardens, immediately 
 united these premises, under the name of 
 St. Mary Magdalen-hall. Bv his charter 
 
 fc/ */ 
 
 of foundation, dated the 18th, John 
 Hornley, bachelor of divinity, a man of 
 eminence 13 , was appointed president; and 
 thirteen masters of arts, with seven bache- 
 lors, were nominated to commence the new 
 society. Among the latter were Simon God- 
 manston, John Foreman and Richard Berne, 
 or Barne, Bernes, Barnes, Bernys, Barnys, 
 or Baronys q . On the 29th the president 
 received possession of the hall by his at- 
 torney. The remaining premises were de- 
 livered over to him in like manner in the fol- 
 lowing year bv John Godmanston r . This 
 
 O J J 
 
 person is mentioned by Bud den P, not only 
 as a zealous promoter of the design, but as 
 the pious donor of the site of the hall s . I 
 
 P " Insignem ilia tempestate virum." Budden, 
 i A. Wood, p. I/O. 1QO. 
 
 r S. Petrus in Orients, N /. N 24. N72. Cartae Regis, &c. 
 K 50. 5. De Situ Coll, et Aulae, N 1. N 19. Index of Deeds. 
 * P, 67. E Registr. Coll. " Johannes." 
 
 E ^ have
 
 52 THE LIFE OF 
 
 have been more particular in this detail, be- 
 cause I apprehend he was in the whole bu- 
 siness merely an agent for the founder. 
 
 1 have met with impressions of two seals* 
 used by the societ\ r , one far superior to the 
 other, which was probably rejected, as of 
 meaner workmanship. Some variation in 
 the design, and also in the legend, is obser- 
 vable. On the seal which seems to have 
 been first engraved the foundation is styled 
 A n la Genera Us. 
 
 SECT. II. JOHN PATTEN, alias Barbour, 
 probably received nearly the same educa- 
 tion as his brother William, since both were 
 churchmen ; and perhaps they were of the 
 same college, or inn, at the university, of 
 which they became graduates. He also took 
 the name of Waynflete ; and it is observable, 
 that, though reputed the younger, he was 
 dean of Chichester so early as 1425 ; whereas 
 "\Villiam did not commence deacon and pres- 
 byter until 1426. The bishop immediately, 
 it should seem, on his promotion appointed 
 him one of his six chaplains; whose resi- 
 
 * The drawing was taken from the best impression. The engra- 
 ving from this drawing forms a tail-piece to ike look, EDITOK. 
 
 dcnce
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 53 
 
 dence on their benefices was dispensed with 
 by the Pope. He soon after (5th Jan. 144?) 
 collated him to a stall in the choir, and a 
 place in the chapter of his cathedral, as arch- 
 deacon of Surry; and, on a representation 
 that divers houses, walls, and inclosures 
 were left in a ruinous condition by his pre- 
 decessor, directed a commission (l6th March 
 1447) to examine the defects, and estimate 
 the dilapidations. In the year of the foun- 
 dation of the hall at Oxford (1448), John 
 (JVanflete) in Registr. Univer.) became a 
 bachelor of canon law. It seems then to 
 have been required from regular candidates 
 for this degree, that they should have passed 
 seven years in the university ; the three 
 first in the study of the civil law, the four 
 last in that of the canon law : but, among 
 other indulgences, it was usual to allow the 
 practising of the faculty in the country, 
 especially if of longer duration than the aca- 
 demical period, to be substituted for resi- 
 dence. Some pecuniary condition, as the 
 payment of a noble, or other sum, to the 
 fabric of the new schools, or to the pave- 
 ment of St. Mary's church, or the like, ge- 
 nerally accompanied the dispensation. On 
 the 10'tli of March, John supplicated the 
 
 venerable
 
 54 THE LIFE OF 
 
 venerable congregation of regents, that four 
 years in practice, two years wanting a term 
 in canon law, might suffice for complet- 
 ing the form, in order to his being ad- 
 mitted to the reading of a book of the .De- 
 cretals ; and this grace, as it is called, was 
 declared by the southern proctor, John 
 Baker, master of arts of New college, to be 
 granted him in contemplation of lih brother 
 the bishop of Winchester, lie is styled Sir 
 (Dominus) as a clergyman, or perhaps as 
 being already bachelor of arts; also arch- 
 deacon of Surry, and a scholar of the uni- 
 versity of Oxford. As archdeacon he pre- 
 sented various persons to St. Swythin's super 
 Kyngate at Winchester, lie held or re- 
 signed several livings in the diocese, and his 
 name occurs frequently in the Episcopal 
 Register. 
 
 SECT. III. THE foundation of Magdalen- 
 hall preceded the installation of the bishop 
 in his cathedral of Winchester. This ce- 
 remony was deferred to the feast of Saint 
 "Wolstan, the 30th of August, 1448, above 
 a. year after his consecration u , when it was 
 
 u SceLowth, sect, ii. note. Appendix, N XIII. 
 
 honoured
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 55 
 
 honoured with the royal presence. It is re- 
 lated of kino- Henry, that he was unable to 
 
 1,7 / ' 
 
 suppress the emotions of his regard in bid- 
 ding him receive inthronization in his see, 
 that he might be in it even as the prelates 
 his predecessors ; and wishing that he might 
 be long-lived upon earth, and increase and 
 profit in the way of righteousness x . Vv'ayn- 
 flete, we arc told, made the arch bishop a pre- 
 sent of the professional cope, or that used at 
 the solemnity, which was commonly of great 
 value; as also of an hundred pounds in 
 money, lie redeemed with generosity his 
 
 ^ O J 
 
 vestments, and the pieces of tapestry which 
 were claimed as perquisites, lie distributed 
 largely to the various attendants ; and, in 
 the entertainment provided for the com- 
 pany, displayed a liberality and magnifi- 
 cence suited to the occasion, and worthy of 
 his see ?. 
 
 We 
 
 x Blackman de Hen, VI. p. 293. " Accensse vero charitatis 
 " perurgebatur ailectu, quando successor! dixerat praefatus rex 
 " H. magistro W. W. ' Aecipe Wintonicam intronizationem, ut 
 " sis illic, sicut solent praedecessores pnssules esse. Sis longaevus 
 " super terram, et in virtutis via succrescens et proficiens.' " 
 
 y Budden, p. 66. " Recensere in hoc loco necesse non habeo 
 " quos ille sumptus et quam grandes faciebat, dura univer.sam 
 " archiepiscopi familiam lautissimis epulis excipiebat, cappam 
 
 " (uti
 
 56 THE LIFE OF 
 
 We find the bishop again at Winchester 
 in the beginning of May, 1449, when lie 
 gave the benediction in the church of the 
 
 o 
 
 monastery of St. Mary Wynton z , between 
 the masses, to Mrs. Agnes Buriton, who had 
 been elected and confirmed of that society ; 
 and, the same day, solemnized in his ponti- 
 ficals the profession of several nuns of that 
 convent. 
 
 The invasion of Normandy by the French 
 king, after a truce, which had given leisure 
 to the turbulent warriors from the continent 
 to exercise intrigue and mutual animosities 
 
 o 
 
 at home, occasioned the holding of a parlia- 
 ment at Winchester, 16th June 1449- The 
 bishop, to whom the royal favour imparted 
 political consequence, was present at the 
 council previous to its meeting, llth June a ; 
 and appointed proxies to attend the convo- 
 cation of the clergy at London, " being per- 
 " sonallj detained at Wolvesey-palace on 
 
 " (uti vocant) professionalem archiepiscopo donabat, remunera- 
 " tionis benevolentiseque ergo centum libras eidem dabat, tapeta 
 " sua et vestes soluta pecunia redimebat, magnam quinetiam pecu- 
 " niae vim inter famulos distribuebat." 
 
 z Registr. Waynflete. 
 
 a Acta Concilii ab anno 20mo Hen. VI. ad arm. 34 Hen. VI. in 
 the British Museum. Cotton MSS. F. v. 
 
 The minutes of several years are wanting, or imperfect. 
 
 " various
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 57 
 
 " various and arduous business, in the other 
 " assembly, for the good and advantage of 
 " the kino- and the whole realm b ." 
 
 cz? 
 
 The king at this time resided above a 
 month at Winchester. The college-chapel 
 was often honoured with his presence, and 
 filled with the nobles and prelates of his 
 suite, at vespers, matins, and mass. The 
 services were then commonly performed by 
 Wa3 r nf3ete, and, it is related, with great 
 devotion. The king also attended mass at 
 the cathedral on the feast of St. Peter and 
 St. Paul, two of its patron-saints, on which 
 day the college was sumptuously entertained 
 by bishop Bekyngton e . On his return to 
 London in July, the bishop issued a man- 
 date d for his visitation of the college as ordi- 
 nary, in September : perhaps not because he 
 was aware of any thing amiss in the society, 
 but from respect for the founder, and in 
 compliance with his desire, which he ob- 
 serves had been, that it might not long con- 
 tinue destitute of this solace 6 . He was pro- 
 
 b Registr. JVaynflete. Wilkins's Concilia, vol. iii. p. 556. 
 c Lowth. Appendix, N XIII. zmdp.ult. 
 d Registr. Coll. Winton. The return is dated Sept. 18. 
 : Lowth's Answer to Dr. Bridall, 1/59. 
 
 bably
 
 58 THE LIFE OF 
 
 bab]y again at Winchester with the king to- 
 ward the end of November 1449- 
 
 SECT. IV. THURBURN, warden of the 
 college at Winchester, resigned in 1450, and 
 was succeeded by Chaundler. The king, 
 probably with Waynflete, returned about 
 that time, as it is mentioned that he at- 
 tended vespers, the procession, and mass at 
 the chapel on Palm Sunday, when the war- 
 den, recently elected, performed the office 
 of the day, and preached before him and 
 the congregation. Bekyngton was an espe- 
 cial benefactor to the college during his pre- 
 sidency 1 . The headship, on his quitting it, 
 was suffered to lapse to the bishop of Win- 
 chester, who nominated Baker, the southern 
 
 f Bishop Bekyngton was a benefactor to both the colleges of 
 Wykeham. 
 
 He joined with John Fromond, steward to William of Wyke- 
 ham, in giving the manor of Allyngton, Hants, to AVinchester col- 
 lege. Evident. 0. fol. 46, 123, 125. 
 
 He gave to that college goods to a considerable value. Compu- 
 tus Anni 1451. 
 
 Also, lands in the parish of Weeke, near Winchester, called 
 Vale-barn ; and vestments for the high altar in the chapel : also, 
 a silver cup gilt, weight lOlb. 902. and two silver candlesticks of 
 the same weight. Registr. Coll. Lelancl, Wood, and Pitts also 
 mention this benefaction. Mr. Blackstone. 
 
 proctor
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 59 
 
 proctor of the university of Oxford, in 1448. 
 Some years after, lie likewise appointed a 
 warden of New college. 
 
 Thurburn made a conveyance of lands to 
 the college in 1455, on condition that Baker 
 and his successors should be bound to the 
 performance of sundry masses for him and 
 his family, in a certain oratory which he pur- 
 posed to annex to the chapel s . The reasons 
 which operated to impede the edifices of 
 Magdalen and Eton colleges (of which here- 
 after), it is likely, prevented any progress be- 
 ing made in this work also, until their cessa- 
 tion ; when it was resolved to erect a tower 
 for bells over the oratory ; and the two ar- 
 ticles are blended in the entry of the ex- 
 penses. Six years were emplo} r ed in the 
 building, and it was finished in 1480, when 
 Baker w r as still warden. 
 
 The principal contributors to the build- 
 ing of the tow r er were probably Chaundler, 
 Bekyngton, and Waynllete, unless, as has 
 been surmised, it was erected at the sole 
 expense of the latter bishop. Their arms 
 are carved, with certain devices or rebuses, 
 on the roof of the oratory beneath it. A 
 
 s Mr. Blackstone, 
 
 capital
 
 60 THE LIFE OF 
 
 capital T and C, joined thus, 'C, and 
 charged with tapers in saltire, denotes Tho- 
 mas Chaundler, who was also a benefactor 
 to the college in 1472. The arms of Be- 
 kyngton are a field argent, on a fess azure 
 between three bucks' heads caboched, or, 
 and three pheons sable, a mitre or ; with a 
 beacon and tun cut close by. I have met 
 with no remark on the arms of Waynflete. 
 The founder of the oratory, Robert Thur- 
 burn, is signified by the letters R T, near a 
 rose, with rays of the sun ; or rather, as an- 
 other antiquary has ingeniously explained 
 it, a Thuribule with burning incense, in allu- 
 sion to his surname as composed of Thus, 
 thuris, and the English verb burn. 
 
 * O 
 
 As an article of local history, though mi- 
 nute, I shall mention here that Waynflete in 
 1481, " from special favour, and the love 
 " which he bore to the warden, the fellows, 
 " and scholars," granted the college water 
 from Segremcswell, by the mill so called, in 
 the soke of Wynton, to be conveyed in 
 wooden or leaden pipes, with liberty to build 
 two wheels on the bank ; a messuage and 
 curtilage or yard; and also a piece of ground 
 for a garden in the soke, at the yearly rent 
 
 of
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 61 
 
 of two shillings and four pence. He had 
 again held a visitation h of the society in 
 1479; and his reception on this and similar 
 occasions we may hope was less burdensome 
 than that of Wulcy in 1526, when the col- 
 lege, having eight pounds to pay the car- 
 dinal for charges, entered into a bond to do 
 it at four sums in four years' 1 ! 
 
 h The Plea of the Fellows of Winchester College against the 
 Bishop of Winchester's local and final Visitatorial Power. London, 
 1/11, 4to, p. 15.40,41. /\ppendix, p. 27, 
 
 J MS. Harl. N 6977. 
 
 CHAP-
 
 62 THE LIFE OF 
 
 CHAPTER IV. 
 
 Of Bishop Waynflete to the Time of his being 
 made Lord High Chancellor of England. 
 
 SECT. I.TTENRY VI. had succeeded 
 
 I E 
 
 A-J. his father and grandfather, 
 
 and been crowned at Westminster and Paris; 
 but his title to the throne was exception- 
 able 3 ; and the duke of York, great grand- 
 son of the elder brother of the duke of Lan- 
 caster, from whom Henry was descended, 
 privately waited for an opportunity to wrest 
 the diadem from his brow. At the same 
 time, the affairs of France no longer prosper- 
 ing under his administration, contributed to 
 produce dissatisfaction among the people, 
 and to promote disaffection to his govern- 
 ment. 
 
 The royal presence being deemed neces- 
 sary on the continent, AYaynfletc, by man- 
 date on the 20th of January 3449, required 
 
 * See Blackstone's Commentaries, 1. i, c. 3. 
 
 the
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 63 
 
 the clergy and laity of his diocese to pray 
 on certain days for the church, the king, 
 and realm of England ; for the preservation 
 and defence of the kino; in his expedition 
 bej'ond sea; and for a sudden and unde- 
 layed cessation of mortality and pestilence ; 
 to propitiate the Most High by solemn pro- 
 cessions and suffrages, and by works of pi- 
 ety ; that wars and dissensions might end, 
 and in their stead, tranquillity and prosperity 
 prevail in the beauty of peace ; granting an 
 indulgence of forty days to all who should 
 repent of their sins, be confessed, and attend 
 on this urgent occasion. 
 
 o 
 
 Suff >lk, after the surrender of Caen by 
 the duke of Somerset, and the expulsion of 
 the English from their ancient possessions in 
 France, could no longer be protected bv his 
 
 O 1 *^ 
 
 party, but \vas tried for high treason, sen- 
 tenced to banishment, waylaid, and mur- 
 dered. The discontent which had been sown 
 in the nation was now ripening to produce 
 a civil war, which constitutes a long and 
 most calamitous period in the history of 
 England. 
 
 S i: c T. 1 1. A p u E T E x D F, D heir of the house 
 of York, an Irishman, whose name was Cade, 
 
 headed
 
 64 THE LIFE OF 
 
 headed about this time an insurrection in 
 Kent ; and after defeating the king's general, 
 who was slain, encamped on Blackheath, 
 declaring lie was come to assist the parlia- 
 ment at Westminster in reforming the adrni- 
 
 o 
 
 nistration, and removing Somerset and other 
 persons from the royal presence. The citizens 
 of London admitted him within the walls 
 in the daytime ; but the insolence of his 
 followers and their outrages becoming into- 
 lerable, they shut the gates on his marching 
 into the fields in the evening, as usual, and 
 resolved to attack him in the night. Lord 
 Scales, governor of the Tower, sent them a 
 detachment of the garrison ; and Cade, after 
 a bloody conflict on the bridge, was driven 
 beyond the Stoop in Southwark. The bishop 
 of Winchester, who was shut up in Haly- 
 \vell castle, being summoned to attend a 
 council in the Tower, where archbishop 
 Stafford, lord high chancellor, had taken re- 
 fuge, was of opinion, they might win over 
 by hopes of pardon, those whom they could 
 not easily subdue by force of arms ; and that 
 to avoid fighting would be the most effectual 
 
 O O 
 
 way to defeat the traitor. The two prelates, 
 with other lords, on the following day crossed 
 the water, and held in St. Margaret's church 
 
 a con-
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 65 
 
 a conference with Cade and his principal 
 officers. A general pardon under the great 
 seal proved, as the bishop had foreseen, so 
 welcome, that the dispersion began the same 
 night b . The king, who had repaired for 
 safety to Kenil worth, was respectfully re- 
 ceived by the archbishop and Waynflete at 
 Canterbury, where a council ordered a pro- 
 clamation to be issued c (15th of July, 1450,) 
 for apprehending Cade. The real heir of 
 York was suspected of abetting this rebel- 
 lion, to try the bias of the people. The jus- 
 tice of his claim to the crown became, on 
 his return from Ireland, a topic of popular 
 discussion; and the fierce contest between the 
 two houses, distinguished by red and white 
 roses, was evidently about to commence. 
 
 SECT. III. THE favour of king Henry, as 
 it conferred on AVaynflete an active part in 
 the previous measures of administration, so 
 it was likely to entail on him a large portion 
 in the consequences of civil discord. That 
 he had early experience of the animosity of 
 the Yorkists, or was jealous of their designs, 
 
 b Budden, p. 68. He cites Hall. W. Wyrcestre Annal. p. 472. 
 Lib. Nig. Scacc. Hearne, 1728. Baker Chron. p. 191. Stow. Par- 
 liamentary History of England, vol. ii. 
 
 c Budden,, p. 69. Rymer, t. xi. p. 2/5, 
 
 F and
 
 66 THE LIFE OF 
 
 and uneasy in his situation, may be collected 
 from an instrument d dated the 7th of May, 
 1451, which sets forth, that in a certain 
 lofty room, commonly called Le peynted 
 chambre, in his manor house of Southwark % 
 and in the presence of a notary public, and 
 of the bishops of Bangor and Achonry (the 
 latter the suffragan of bishop Bekyngton f ), 
 who were desired to be witnesses, he ap- 
 peared, holding in his hands a writing, which 
 he read before them, and in which he al- 
 leged that his bishopric was obtained cano- 
 nically ; that he had peaceable possession 
 of it; that his reputation was without ble- 
 mish ; that he laboured under no disquali- 
 fication, and was ever ready to obey the 
 law ; but that probable causes and conjec- 
 tures made him fear some grievous attempt 
 to the prejudice of himself and see; and to 
 prevent any person from giving him dis- 
 turbance in the premise?, in any manner, on 
 
 d Registr. Wayrijlele, t. i. p. 2. f. 11. 
 
 v The episcopal palace of Winchester was in Southwark, on the 
 bank of the Thames, near the west end of St. Mary Overie's church. 
 Southwark park, otherwise Winchester park, comprises about sixty- 
 acres of ground, and is covered (1/83) with several thousand houses, 
 many extensive factories, and a variety of other buildings j the 
 ground or quit rents annually ^450, 
 
 f Registr. Bekyngim. 
 
 anv
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 67 
 
 any pretext, he appealed to the apostolic 
 seat, and to the Pope, and claimed the pro- 
 tection of the court of Canterbury ; putting 
 himself, his bishopric, and all his adherents, 
 under their defence, and protesting in the 
 usual form. The next day he appointed 
 nineteen proctors to manage, jointly or sepa- 
 rately, any business respecting himself or his 
 see, at Rome or elsewhere. 
 
 SECT. IV. IN the awful interval between 
 the preparations for an open rupture and its 
 commencement, religion was interposed, by 
 the piety of the prelates, to soften the minds 
 of the two parties, and direct their councils 
 to public concord. AVaynflete issued his 
 mandate on the 2d of July (1451), at the 
 requisition of the archbishop, for supplica- 
 tions to be made in his diocese, with litanies 
 on certain days, for the peace and tranquil- 
 lity of the church, the king, and realm of 
 England ; no one beino- ignorant what whirl- 
 
 t_y O O 
 
 winds of adversity, what violent gusts of 
 party, and what grievous perils the nation 
 had lately encountered; exhorting persons of 
 every rank, to study to please God effectually 
 
 Registr, Waynflete, t. i. p. 2, f. 13, 
 
 r 2 by
 
 68 THE LIFE OF 
 
 by fasting, prayer, processions, and good 
 works, in order to avert the impending cala- 
 mities ; and granting indulgence as usual. It 
 was, perhaps, with a like devout view to ob- 
 tain on this occasion the intercession of St. 
 Thomas Becket, that Henry in August (1451) 
 repaired to Canterbury. He arrived on the 
 festival of the conversion of St. Stephen 
 and his companions, at the first hour after 
 dinner, and was received by the archbishop 
 and Waynflete, the prior and convent, in 
 green copes, at the church gate h . He held 
 a council in the prior's chapel, at which 
 were present the two archbishops, the bi- 
 shops of Winchester and Ely, the duke of 
 Somerset, the earls of Shrewsbury and Wilt- 
 shire, and the prior of St. John Baptist, 
 London '. 
 
 In September we find Waynflete at St. 
 Albans, from whence he issued a commission 
 
 11 MS. C.C.C.C. N417. Henry arrived iii non. Aug. 
 
 Budden, p. 6(J, cites this author under the title of Jo. Uton de 
 Obit, et Memorand. Eccl. Cant. ; but the MS. is inscribed " Liber 
 " Fratris Johannis Stone, Monachi Ecclesiae Christi Cant, quem 
 " ex suo magno labore composuit anno D ni 140'7, monachatus sui 
 " quinquagesimo." 
 
 1 This, according to Budden, was the council held at Canter- 
 bury after Cade's insurrection j but the proclamation for appre- 
 hending him was issued 15th July, 1450. 
 
 for
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 69 
 
 for the visitation of his diocese, not being; 
 
 y O 
 
 able to attend in person, as he had purposed, 
 on account of various arduous and unex- 
 pected business concerning the king and 
 the realm k . 
 
 The parliament meeting in November, an 
 address of the commons, for the removal of 
 Somerset and other counsellors, was enforced 
 by a letter of remonstrance from the duke 
 of York, who approached London with an 
 army raised in Wales; and, finding the gates 
 shut, encamped on Burnt-heath near Dart- 
 ford in Kent. The king, with a superior 
 force, pitched his tents on Black-heath. The 
 two armies were arrayed for battle, when 
 Henry, who was ever averse to the shed- 
 ding of blood, sent Waynflete, with the bi- 
 shop of Ely, lord Rivers, and the keeper of 
 the privy seal, to inquire the occasion of 
 this commotion ; and, if the demands of the 
 duke were not unreasonable, to propose 
 a reconciliation 1 . York surrendered, and 
 swore solemnly to bear true allegiance to 
 Henry, on their consenting that Somerset 
 
 k Registr. Waynjtete. 
 
 1 Baker Chron. p. 192. Stow, p. 3Q3. Parliam. Hist. vol. ii. 
 Budden, p. 70. He cites Annales 4nL and has given the address 
 f the prelates to the duke of York, and his reply. 
 
 should
 
 70 THE LIFE OF 
 
 should be taken into custody and tried. 
 Waynflete, whose sage advice and tempe- 
 rate conduct are said to have contributed in 
 no small degree to the restoration of the 
 public tranquillity, stood by, with other lords 
 of the privy council, while he, and the prin- 
 cipal noblemen his abettors, did homage to 
 the king. 
 
 SECT. V. THE next year an expedition 
 into France again miscarried, though con-- 
 ducted by the most valorous carl of Shrews- 
 bury. In vain had Waynflete ordered the 
 clergy of Southwark to be assembled (iG'th 
 March, 1452) at eight in the morning, and 
 go in solemn procession through the public 
 street, by the doors of St. Margaret and 
 St. Olave, as far as the monastery of Ber- 
 mondsey, with litanies and apt suffrages, 
 supplicating for the defence and increase of 
 the Christian faith, for the prosperous estate 
 of the king and his dominions, and espe- 
 cially for a happy issue to this undertaking, 
 and for all who should combat the enemies 
 of their country, under the illustrious carl ra . 
 He was killed in battle, and the revolted 
 
 province 
 
 m Registr. Waynflete, f. 24. 
 
 f( Perdonatio compot. et aliarum rerum personalium facta fun- 
 
 " clatori
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 71 
 
 province was recovered by the French 
 king. 
 
 The pregnancy of the queen was now re- 
 garded as matter of joy to the Lancastrian 
 party, rather than to the nation. The prince 
 of whom she was delivered at Westminster, 
 on the 13th of October 11 , 1453, was baptized 
 the day following by W aynflete, and named 
 Edward, having been born on the feast of 
 St. Edward king and confessor. The arch- 
 bishop of Canterbury, the duke of Somerset, 
 and the duchess of Bokyngham were then 
 sponsors ; and W aynflete was sponsor when 
 he was confirmed by the archbishop . He 
 was also one of the tutors appointed for him 
 in 1457- He was then lord high chancellor, 
 and is named next after the arch bishop of 
 York in the writ p , which sets forth, that the 
 king knew the industry of each of the per- 
 sons as approved in arduous affairs, his dis- 
 cretion, and tried fidelity. 
 
 " datori per Hen. VI. usque ad Julii 16. 30 Hen. VI." Cartse 
 Regis, &c. N'5-4. Index. 
 
 n Circa horam x m ante nonain, viz. in die Sabbati. MSS. 
 C. C. C. C. N417. 
 
 MSS. C.C.C.C. N417. Budden, p.;o. Sandford. Stow. 
 
 f Rymer, t. xi. p. 385. 
 
 SECT.
 
 72 THE LIFE OF 
 
 SECT. VI. AN indisposition, which af- 
 fected the mind and body of king Henry, 
 advanced the power of the duke of York. 
 The queen and council were forced to give 
 way to it. He was constituted by letters 
 patent the king's lieutenant for holding a 
 parliament, in 1454, and Somerset was sent 
 to the Tower. 
 
 John Kempe, the cardinal archbishop of 
 York, had succeeded in 1452 to the vacant 
 see of Canterbury. His inthronization was 
 attended by Waynflete, who was also in the 
 procession which received him at the church 
 door q . He was now lord chancellor; but 
 dying while the parliament was sitting at 
 Westminster, the lord lieutenant and peers 
 caused the seals to be deposited before them, 
 in the presence of divers notable lords, to be 
 opened and showed, and then closed in a 
 coffer, which was locked and secured under 
 the seals of the duke of York, of Waynflete, 
 and others, and committed to the custody of 
 the lord treasurer and chamberlain r . 
 
 On the 23d of March the duke of York 
 
 4 MS. C.C.C.C. N417. 
 
 r Carte, vol. ii. p. 746. Parliam. Hist. vol. li 
 
 and
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 73 
 
 and the lords spiritual and temporal, consi- 
 dering that the office of chancellor must be 
 occupied " for the ease of the people and 
 " the process of law," appointed a secret 
 committee, with Waynflete at its head, to 
 ride to Windsor to the king ; humbly to ex- 
 
 ^7 / 
 
 press their deep concern at his sickness ; to 
 assure him of the great diligence of the lords 
 
 o o 
 
 of this parliament in the public business ; 
 and further, if he should be disposed to at- 
 tend to them, that, as was their duty, they 
 informed him of the death of the archbishop 
 and chancellor, praying he would be pleased 
 to declare who should succeed to either sta- 
 tion ; to let him know the care they had 
 taken of 4 the seals ; and lastly to remind 
 him, that, in his parliament at Reading, it 
 had been signified to the commons by his 
 command, that he intended to establish a 
 wise council, to their great joy and comfort; 
 and, as they had now by their speaker twice 
 requested some communication on that sub- 
 ject, to name to him certain lords and per- 
 sons for the purpose ; and to learn whether 
 he was content, or would change or set 
 aside any of them, that his will might be 
 observed. 
 
 The lords, on their arrival at Windsor the 
 
 next
 
 74 THE LIFE OF 
 
 next clay, were admitted to the king in the 
 apartment where he dined ; and, after he 
 had done eating, the bishop of Chester de- 
 clared their errand ; and, on receiving no 
 answer to the two first articles, proceeded, 
 by advice of the committee, to the other 
 matters prescribed in their instructions. The 
 king remaining silent, and their supplica- 
 tions procuring no sign or token, Waynflete 
 said to him, that the lords would wait on 
 him again when they had dined. Their ef- 
 forts then proving ineffectual, they willed 
 him to go into another room ; and he was led 
 between two men into his bed-chamber, 
 where he continued in the same mood as be- 
 fore. They asked, but in vain, if he liked 
 they should attend on him any longer, to be 
 answered at his leisure; and departed full of 
 sorrow. On the following day they made 
 their report to the house, by the mouth of 
 Waynflete and the bishop of Chester s . 
 It is probable that Waynflete was put 
 
 s MSS. Cotton. Titus E. vi. See Appendix, N X. 
 
 Chester is Lichiield in Carte. But " the bishop of Lich field, 
 11 until the division of his diocese, and the creation of a new bi- 
 " shopric at Chester } was in writing, and in common speech; as often 
 " called the bishop of Chester as of Lichfield." Specimen of Er- 
 rors in the History of the Reformation, p. 50. 28. Mr. L. 
 
 forward
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 75 
 
 forward on this occasion by the Lancastrian 
 party, as a prelate acceptable to the king, 
 and with a view to obtain the naming of him 
 to one or both of the hio-h stations then va- 
 
 O 
 
 cant. If he was disappointed, which is only 
 surmise, he had at least the consolation of 
 knowing, that the see in his possession had 
 been prized above the primacy by the pre- 
 decessor of Wykeham, who refused it when 
 he was elected, saying, as Budden relates, 
 though Canterbury had the higher rack, 
 Winchester had the deepest manger 1 . 
 
 On the 2d of April the coffer containing 
 the seals was brought into the parliament 
 chamber, placed on the bench where the 
 lord lieutenant sat, and, after an interval, 
 opened by lord Salisbury, who accepted 
 the office of chancellor. The next day the 
 seals were put to letters patent, appointing 
 the duke of York protector and defender 
 of the realm, and chief counsellor during 
 the royal pleasure, or until prince Edward 
 should attain to years of discretion 11 . 
 
 SECT. VII. THE Yorkists, who now pos- 
 sessed the whole power of the crown, con- 
 
 1 Sudden, p. S/. 
 
 " Rymer, t. xi. p. 344. 
 
 ducted
 
 76 THE LIFE OF 
 
 ducted the public business under the sanc- 
 tion of the council, and Waynflete sub- 
 scribed several of its acts. One of these 
 was an agreement 1 (15th March 1454) that 
 the lord chancellor should empower, by 
 commission, the king's physicians and sur- 
 geons to prescribe for and administer as- 
 sistance to him. He was summoned on the 
 affairs of Calais and the Marches. He siprn- 
 
 o 
 
 ed the writ for the chapter of Canterbury to 
 proceed to the election of an archbishop ; 
 the form of a letter for the privy seal, to be 
 carried by a herald to the king of the Scots, 
 complaining of injuries and depredations 
 committed by his subjects ; another to be 
 sent to the state of Venice, concerning cer- 
 tain ordinances ; and one to the Pope, for a 
 jubilee-year in England and Ireland ; a pe- 
 tition to the king in consequence of a request 
 from the grand master of Rhodes ; a rescript 
 to the Roman emperor on the war with the 
 Turks, who had taken Constantinople ; and 
 an order for the raising of money by the ex- 
 portation of wool, to defray the expenses of 
 the royal household. 
 
 * Acta Concilii 32 Hen. VJ. The commission to the physi- 
 cians is a curiosity, being the original, with the signatures. 
 See also Kymer, t. xi. p. 349. 351. 355. 
 
 Iu
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 77 
 
 In February (1454) the new primate, Bour- 
 cbier, was inthroned at Canterbury, where 
 he was received as usual at the church door 
 by the prior and his convent in white copes, 
 with the responsory Sint lumbi. Two bi- 
 shops and several abbats were in the proces- 
 sion. He came between the bishops of Lon- 
 don and Winchester; and after the cere- 
 mony sat at dinner, in the middle of his 
 table, with the bishops of London and Ro- 
 chester and the prior on his right; and on 
 his left, the bishops of Winchester and Ross 
 and the lord treasurer of England y . 
 
 o 
 
 On the recovery of the king in the follow- 
 ing year, (1455,) the duke of Somerset was by 
 advice of the council sent to the Tower ; but 
 he was released the next day by royal war- 
 rant. Waynflete was one of the lords present, 
 as also at the discharge of his bail. A bond 
 was entered into by York and Somerset to 
 submit their variance to arbitration ; but 
 the former raising an army, a bloody battle 
 ensued (May 23d) near St. Albans, when 
 Somerset was slain, and the king wounded 
 and taken prisoner 2 . The confederate lords 
 asked his forgiveness on their knees ! 
 
 7 MS. C.C.C.C. N417. 
 
 Kymer, t.xi. p.301,362, 303. Stow. Parliam.Hist.vol.il. 
 
 SECT.
 
 78 THE LIFE OF 
 
 SECT. VIII. KING Henry had already en- 
 deavoured to secure the completion of the 
 buildings, and the endowment of the two 
 colleges he had founded at Eton and Cam- 
 bridge, when, alarmed perhaps at his recent 
 illness and his present situation, he resolved, 
 with similar wisdom and foresight, to provide 
 for their future good government. The sta- 
 
 O O 
 
 tutes accepted by the visitors in July 1446, 
 had been found, on candying them into exe- 
 cution, to be incomplete, and to need refor- 
 mation. He therefore deemed it expedient 
 to delegate to persons in whom he could 
 confide, a privilege hitherto reserved ; and 
 by letters patent a , dated the 12th of July, 
 1455, setting forth, that the many and great 
 concerns of his kingdom rendered him un- 
 able to attend continually on the remedying 
 of the defects, as they were noted, empow- 
 ered the bishop of Winchester and the bi- 
 shop of Lincoln to correct, alter, and im- 
 prove their statutes, with the advice of the 
 provosts, as they should think proper, during 
 his lifetime b . So highly did the king esteem 
 the merit and services of Waynfiete, as to 
 ordain that both his colleges should yearly, 
 
 a ActaConcilii. Rymer, t. xi. p. 367. Parliam. Hist. 
 b See Appendix. N XI. 
 
 within
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 79 
 
 within the twelve days preceding the feast 
 of the Nativity 6 , celebrate solemn exequies 
 for his soul after his decease, with commen- 
 dations and a morrow mass ; a distinction 
 not conferred on any person besides, except 
 king Henry the Fifth, queen Katherine his 
 wife, and his own queen Margaret, for whom 
 obits are decreed ; with one quarterly for 
 the founder 41 . 
 
 SECT. IX. ABOUT this time (in January 
 3455) died Ralph lord Crumwell, one of the 
 executors of the famous duke of Bedford, 
 the regent ; whom lie succeeded as master 
 of the mews, and falconer to the king 6 . He 
 had married Margaret, daughter of lord 
 Dayncourt ; who dying without issue in 
 September 1454, he then enfeoffed bishop 
 Wavnflete in his manors of Candlesbv and 
 
 ^ / 
 
 Boston f , and in some in other counties; 
 one of which, that of East-Bridgeford, Not- 
 tinghamshire, was disputed by Francis lord 
 
 c Budden, p. /I. Statut. Coll. Eton. xxxi. Coll. Regal, xlii. 
 Huggett, vol. iv. p. 132. His obit was kept at Eton, 13 Jan, 
 Huggett,, vol. iii. 
 
 d To the keeper of the obits, viz. quarterly obits of king Hen- 
 ry VI. etc. ... 1-1. 0. 0. Survey of Chantries, &c. in the Augmen- 
 tation Office. Huggett, vol. ii. p. 251. 
 
 e 14 Henry VI. 
 
 f Candlesby, 41*. Index. 
 
 Lovell,
 
 80 THE LIFE OF 
 
 Lovell, husband of the co-heiress ; the re- 
 mainder being left between the two sisters; 
 
 and it was agreed to refer their title to 
 
 ~ 
 
 arbitrators, whose award should be final ? . 
 lie was buried with his lady in the chancel 
 at Tateshale, in Lincolnshire, where he had 
 a castle, and where he founded and endow- 
 ed a college 1 ' (17 Hen. VI.) for a master or 
 w r arden, seven chaplains, six secular clerks, 
 and six choristers ; with an alms-house by 
 the churchyard for thirteen poor persons ; 
 and their monument is still in being, but, 
 the windows having been demolished, is 
 exposed to the weather 1 . He likewise 
 erected the church of Ranby k in the same 
 county. His buildings were adorned with 
 figures of purses, in reference to his office 
 of lord high treasurer of England. His ex- 
 is East-Bridgeford, N 11. N 21. Index. N 16 is his Will. 
 h l4Jul. ] 7 Hen. VI. 
 
 Bulla super ordinatione novorura Statutorum in Coll. de Tat- 
 teshall, 1501. 
 
 It was valued 26 Hen. VIII. at 348. 5. 11. per annum, ac- 
 cording to Dugdale and Speed ; at 500 marcs, says Leland j and 
 36 Hen. VIII. was granted to Charles duke of Suffolk. Tanner 
 Notit. Mon. p. 286. See also Dugdale Bar. vol. ii. p. 45. Ni- 
 chols's Collection of Wills, p. 274. 
 
 i Their epitaph is copied in MS. Harl. N682g. 
 k Orate pro anima D ni Radulphi Crumwell, qui incepit hoc opus 
 Auo Dai 1450. An inscription in the nave of the church of 
 Ranby. MS. Harl. N 6829, p. 174. 
 
 ecutors
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 81 
 
 ccutors were the bishop, the learned sir 
 John Fortescue chief justice of the King's 
 Bench, and Portington a justice of the Com- 
 mon Pleas m . At his church at Tateshale an 
 antiquarian remarked 11 in 1629 arms, Lozen- 
 gy sable and ermine, on a chief sable three li- 
 lies argent, the bearing of Waynflete after 
 he was provost of Eton, on each side in the 
 windows over the north and south doors, and 
 also cut in stone over each portico. If the 
 former are now missing, the reason probably 
 is, that a great quantity of painted glass has 
 been taken away, to adorn a chapel at Bur- 
 leigh Hall near Stamford. The church is ex- 
 empt from ecclesiastical jurisdiction . 
 
 SECT. X. A TRIUMVIRATE, composed of 
 the duke of York and the lords Salisbury and 
 Warwick, now governed the nation. Wayn- 
 flete, who continued of the council, sub- 
 scribed the writ for a parliament, which was 
 held at Westminster, and opened by Henry 
 
 1 6 Jul. 21 Hen. VI. a great commendation of Raffe lord Cromwell, 
 treasurer, when the king dismissed him from that office. MS. Hnrl. 
 N (jyO'2. He entered on it 1 1 He>\ VI. cee Rymtr's Acta MSS. 
 
 m Candlesby 35 b , Index, is an exemplification of a pardon grant- 
 ed to his executors. 35 Hen. VI. 
 
 n JViSS. Had. N G'82C), p 18S. 
 
 ' Leuer from Mr. Pickburn, June 1785. 
 
 G sitting
 
 82 THE LIFE OF 
 
 sitting in his chair of state. He presided in 
 a committee " to establish and ordinate a 
 " substantial rule for the king's honourable 
 " household; and to ordain where ready pay- 
 " ment should grow for its expenses ;" and 
 signed the regulations. He is recorded among 
 
 o ~ o 
 
 the lords spiritual and temporal who, with 
 the duke of York, after a pardon of the in- 
 surgents, renewed their allegiance to the 
 
 o o 
 
 king in the great council-chamber, each 
 singly taking him by the hand and repeating 
 the oath. He was present at the council 
 which advised the sending of a letter to the 
 Pope, to desire that George Nevyll, son of 
 the earl of Salisbury and brother of AVar- 
 wick, might be promoted to the next vacant 
 see; and he subscribed the writ by which 
 York was again constituted the king's lieu- 
 
 o o 
 
 tenant. 
 
 SECT. XI. THE queen witli her Lancas- 
 trians was reinstated in power, after various 
 struggles, in 1456'. The court was at Coven- 
 
 OO "* 
 
 try ; and in the priory there, on the eleventh 
 of October, the lord chancellor Bourehier, 
 in the presence of the duke of York, who, 
 with the earls of Salisbury and Warwick, 
 had been invited to attend, and of many 
 
 lords
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 83 
 
 lords spiritual and temporal, produced to 
 the king in his chamber the three royal 
 seals: a large one of gold; another; and 
 one smaller, of silver p , in three leather 
 bags under his own seal ; and caused them 
 to be opened. The king received the seals 
 from his hands, and delivered them to the 
 bishop of Winchester, whom he appointed 
 his successor. Wavnfletc, after taking the 
 
 / O 
 
 usual oath and setting the lame silver seal to 
 
 C? O 
 
 a pardon prepared for the archbishop, or- 
 dered the seals to be replaced, and the bags 
 to be scaled with his own signet by a clerk 
 of chancery''. It is mentioned that his sa- 
 lary was two hundred pounds a year 1 ". The 
 prudence of the bishop was now to be " made 
 " eminent in warilie wielding the weight of 
 " his office s " of lord high chancellor. His ad- 
 
 o 
 
 vancement to it seems to have been a conci- 
 liatory measure, and enforced by, or agree- 
 able to, both parties. 
 
 P Biblioth. Cotton. Vitellius, C. xvii. 
 i Kymer, t. xi. p 383. See Buckten, p. 7<3. 
 Holiashcd, vol. ii. p. 628. Hnrpsiicld, p. (343. Sudden, 
 p. 75. 
 
 s Holinshed, vol. ii. p. 0'2S. 
 
 n LJ 
 
 fcr ~s. 
 
 CHAP-
 
 84 THE LIFE OF 
 
 CHAPTER V. 
 
 Of Bishop Waynflete while Chancellor, with the 
 Founding of Magdalen College at Oxford. 
 
 SECT. I. TN the preceding century had liv- 
 J- ed the renowned Wickliff, the 
 first assertor of religious liberty 21 , and author 
 of the heresy, as it was then deemed, called 
 Lollardism. This had been nurtured in the 
 university of Oxford, its birth-place ; where 
 bishop Flemmyng founded Lincoln college 
 to oppose its increase and progress. Regi- 
 nald Pecock, whom he ordained at the same 
 time with Waynflete b , was a convert to the 
 tenets of the reformer, which he propagated 
 Avith success ; and had become exceedingly 
 famous by a sermon preached at St. Paul's 
 Cross in 1447, the year of Waynfletc's ad- 
 
 a Gilpin. Life of Wickliff 1 . 
 
 b Pecock was ordained acolite and sub-deacon when Waynflete 
 was made sub-deacon. They became deacons together; Pecock, 
 on the title of Oriel college, to which he belonged , He was ordained 
 presbyter 20 Jan, 1421. Registr. F'tetinjiig. 
 
 vancement
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 85 
 
 vancement to the mitre, which occasioned 
 a most violent controversy. The populace, 
 inflamed by his invectives against the higher 
 clergy, committed many enormities ; and 
 the commotion thus excited, had hitherto 
 continued to accompany the civil broils un- 
 der king Henry. But Pecock, on the loss of 
 his patron the duke of Suffolk, had declined 
 in public favour. He had been already or- 
 dered to quit London ; and, soon after 
 Waynflete entered on his high station of 
 chancellor, it was resolved to proceed to a 
 review of his writings, and to decide on 
 their orthodoxy. He was cited on the twenty- 
 second of October, 1457? by the archbishop 
 of Canterbury, to produce his works in the 
 chapel of Lambeth, to be there examined 
 by certain doctors, whose report was to be 
 made to him and his assessors. These were 
 the bishop of Winchester lord chancellor, 
 and the bishops of Lincoln and Rochester. 
 Pecock was sentenced to sit in his pontifi- 
 cals, as bishop of Chichester, at the feet of 
 the archbishop, and to see his books deli- 
 vered to the flames, in St. Paul's church- 
 yard ; besides undergoing other disgrace. 
 He died of chagrin, at an abbey c to which 
 
 c Baker Chron. 
 
 he
 
 86 THE LIFE OF 
 
 he was permitted to retire on a pension. It 
 would be unfair to appreciate, according to 
 our present ideas, the conduct of the asso- 
 ciates in humbling and punishing this learn- 
 ed person. If Waynflete concurred with 
 them, as apparently he did, it must be 
 owned as not unlikely, that his temper, na- 
 turally mild, might be warped, on such an 
 occasion, by zeal to preserve the church from 
 innovation or danger. Perhaps too his in- 
 fluence was used, to procure from the uni- 
 versity of Oxford, which was suspected of 
 favouring the delinquent, a decree of con- 
 vocation for burning his books ; which \vas 
 done at Carfax in the presence of the chan- 
 cellor' 1 , Dr. Chaundler warden of New col- 
 lege, and a letter of apology sent to the 
 bishop for their delay. 
 
 SECT. IT. THE bishop, however engaged 
 by other important duties or concerns, had 
 been uniformly attentive to the poor scho- 
 lars, whose patronage he had so generously 
 undertaken. 'I he h j : >ll which he founded at 
 Oxford, as soon as he was raised to the mi- 
 tre, had met with an early benefactress, Joan 
 
 d Budden, p. /8. Stow, p. 402. Lewis's Life of Pecock. Sec 
 A. Wood, p. 230. 
 
 Danvers,
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 87 
 
 Danvers, relict of William Danvers, esquire. 
 To this lady the manor of \\ ike, alias Stanes- 
 wyke, with its appurtenances at Ashbury in 
 Berkshire, had descended, in default of 
 male issue from Rafe Stanes, to whom it 
 was given by fine in the fourteenth of Ed- 
 ward the Third. She granted it on the se- 
 
 
 
 venteenth of July, 1433, to Waynflete and 
 others. The next day, the feoffees let it to 
 her for the annual payment of a red rose, 
 and vested the sole right in Waynflete by re- 
 lease. The president and society entered 
 into an obligation on the twenty- fourth of 
 
 o J 
 
 May, 1454, to celebrate exequies cum nota 
 for her soul, and for the souls of her hus- 
 band and of Matilda dc Veer countess of 
 Oxford. The manor was conveyed by Wayn- 
 flete to his college in 147^' e . 
 
 vT2 
 
 SECT. III. Ix 14.56' the king granted a 11- 
 cence f for the yield ing up of the priory of Luf- 
 field with its appurtenances to the president 
 of the hall. This convent had been founded 
 for Benedictines, at a village of that name 
 on the confines of Buckinghamshire and 
 
 O 
 
 f Staneswyke. Index. 
 
 N 0"6 is the Will of William Danvers, dated 12 Decenf. 
 17 Hen. VI. 
 f Mortmaynes, N 17. Index. 
 
 North-
 
 88 THE LIFE OF 
 
 Northamptonshire, by Robert Bossu earl of 
 Leicester, in the reign of Henry the First; 
 but had fallen into decay, and its revenues 
 were not sufficient for the maintenance of 
 the prior and two monks which remained. 
 The union did not take place; and the pri- 
 ory, suppressed in 1494, was annexed by 
 Henry the Seventh to the convent of West* 
 minster 5 . 
 
 SECT. IV. THE president and scholars 
 had purchased, but not in perpetuity, four 
 tenements belonging to University college ; 
 
 o o / o 
 
 two standing on the east side of their hall, 
 the other two between Horse-mull-lane and 
 the college. They had likewise hired the 
 Saracens Head of the trustees of a chapel of 
 the Virgin in St. Peter's church, at the year- 
 ly rent of forty shillings 11 . These buildings 
 Waynflete was about to demolish to enlarge 
 the site, when the recovery of the king and 
 the re-instatement of the Lancastrians in 
 power, with the high degree of royal favour 
 he enjoyed, enabled him to extend his de- 
 
 s Tanner Notit. Mon. p. 376. Preface, p. xxxiv. 
 h A. Wood, p. 183. 
 
 One of the tenements between the hall and college was in his 
 time called Little University Hall. 
 
 signs
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 89 
 
 signs in behalf of the needy student and of 
 
 learning in general. 
 
 SECT. V. THE hospital of St. John Bap- 
 tist at Oxford consisted of a master, of bre- 
 thren and sisters, and was in beino; in the 
 
 7 O 
 
 reign of king John, who was a benefactor 5 to 
 it. His son, Henry the Third, gave them by 
 charter, in 1231, a garden of the Jews, who 
 were then numerous and had a synagogue 
 in the cit}% for the site of a new edifice, of 
 which he laid the first stone, in the suburb 
 without the east gate. A spot was reserved 
 near it, sufficient for the burials of that peo- 
 ple k . He likewise bestowed on them Kynges- 
 
 melne 
 
 1 " Fratres Hosp. S. Joannis Oxon. tenent vi. acras de assarto, 
 " de donatione dom. regis Joannis, pro animabus antecessorum et 
 " praedecessorum suorum. Br.Twyne.'" Tanner Notit. IVlon. p. 42Q. 
 
 " Rex H. III. collegium et xenodochium nobile extruxit et 
 " in memoriam patris sui regis Johannis, nomini S li Johannis 
 '' dicavit, asyli prserogativa donavit, omnesque fere mulclas hie 
 " delinquentium addixit. Mat. Paris, p. 526; et Chart. Univ." 
 Wake Rex Platon. p. 68. 
 
 k Car tee concessce Hospit. N 8, N 9, N 4. Index. Dugdale 
 Mon. Angl. t. ii. p. 443, 444. A. Wood, i. p. 132. 
 
 The Jews, I suppose, buried in the garden. The place reserved 
 for their interment, and that afterwards consecrated for the hospi- 
 tal, was to the south, or where the Botany Garden now is. Some 
 years ago, on taking up the floor of a ground-room on the west 
 side of the great tower, the workmen discovered some skeletons 
 
 in
 
 90 THE LIFE OF 
 
 nielnc in Edendon, with its appurtenances; 
 and, besides other articles, in 1247 a por- 
 tion of the forest of Shotover *. These char- 
 ters were confirmed by him, and by his son 
 Edward the First, to whom the possessions 
 of the Jews escheated on their expulsion 
 from England in 1289 and the following 
 
 o o 
 
 year. A burying-place was granted to the 
 hospital in 1296' ; and John de Farenden re- 
 leased to it for ever his right in a piece of 
 ground opposite to it, without the east gate 
 and between his tenements and the hospital, 
 which was consecrated for the purpose. An 
 exchange with the owner of the lands of the 
 Jews near the hospital, was negotiated, and, 
 after an inquisition, established in 132(j. 
 Certain liberties were confirmed (1318) by 
 kino- Edward the Third, who issued licenses 
 
 o 
 
 in a row, near the surface, which by order of Dr. Jenner, then 
 president, were left undisturbed. These were probably Jews de- 
 posited before the foundation of the hospital. When the wall 
 of the Botany Garden was erected, many bones of various sizes 
 and of persons of either sex were dug up; as also in 1402, 
 when the mound was made between the east bridge and the north 
 side of the wall. 
 
 1 " Ubi prius habere solebant per cartam nostram unum equuin 
 " sumericum singulis diebus bis itiner~ ; autem ad siccum boscum 
 " et subboscum in eademforesta cnpiendum Secunda meta est ab 
 " ultima quereu del Hek (deCouele) usque quercum quse est juxta 
 " Segsihke." DucrdaU-, p. 441. 
 
 for
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 91 
 
 for donations in mortmain ; particularly one 
 for lands in Willoughby and elsewhere in 
 1334. A grant" 1 had likewise been made to 
 the hospital, by Henry the Sixth, in 1431. 
 
 SECT. VI. WAYNFLETE, weighing the dis- 
 advantages of a confined spot within the 
 city-walls, where land could not be acquired 
 but with great difficulty, and unwilling to 
 leave his foundation subject to the incon- 
 veniences of a limited tenure, had conceived 
 a desire of obtaining the hospital of St. John 
 
 O JL 
 
 Baptist; meaning, as it afforded a most eli- 
 gible situation, to convert his hall into a col- 
 lege. On his explaining his intentions, and 
 the obstacles in his way, the king, it is re- 
 lated, after a gracious hearing, persuaded 
 him to give the preference to Cambridge, 
 where he had erected his own college, as 
 wishing to amplify that university". Wayn- 
 flete reminded him that he had promised 
 his permission to convert this hospital to the 
 uses of religion and learning; when, it is 
 said, he replied to Master William, as he 
 
 m S. Petrus in Oriente, N 10'. ll h . 18 r . Cartae concessae Hosp. 
 N9. 4. 10. Cartas Regis, N 28. 40. Mortmaynes, N* 8, etc. 
 Index. 
 
 n A. Wood, p.] 88. 
 
 was
 
 92 THE LIFE OF 
 
 was accustomed to call him, that his piety 
 was acceptable to him, and he would con- 
 tribute as far as was in his power to the for- 
 warding of his plan. 
 
 SECT. VII. THE necessary steps having been 
 previously taken, the master and brethren 
 directed their attorney, on the 5th of July 
 1456, to deliver seisin of the hospital and its 
 appurtenances to the president and scholars 
 of Magdalen hall ; who appointed Richard 
 ]3ernc with others to receive it, and granted 
 a lease to the master. A license was issued 
 on the 27th of September, to yield up the 
 hospital in perpetuity to the society of Mag- 
 dalen hall; and on the 27th of October, to 
 transfer the advowson to Waynfletc, to whom 
 the king, by letters patent of the same date, 
 gives it with the patronage for ever. They 
 were also empowered to deliver up the site, 
 with all their possessions, to the president 
 and scholars of the hall . The royal grant, 
 dated the 18th of July, 1456, permitted 
 ^Vaynflete to found a college on certain land 
 without East-gate, Oxford, bounded on the 
 
 De Situ, N i;. 8. 31. 12. Mortmaynes, Nll. Cartae 
 Regis, N'l. Index. 
 A. Wood, p. 188. 
 
 cast
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 93 
 
 east by the river Cherwell ; on the south by 
 the way leading from East-gate to East' 
 bridge ; on the west by that leading from 
 East-gate to the fosse called Canditch ; and 
 on the north by certain grounds belonging 
 to the parish of Halywell : and also to en- 
 dow it with one hundred pounds a-year in 
 mortmain. The charter of foundation passed 
 the seal in 1457? with licenses ; one for the 
 building of the college, another for its being; 
 
 O O ' O 
 
 governed by statutes to be provided by 
 VVaynflete. The permission of the Pope 
 was notified by a bulle. The bishop ap- 
 pointed Simon Godmanston and others, in 
 September, to receive possession of the site 
 of the hospital from the president of his 
 hall. He named William Tybarde, bachelor 
 of divinity and principal of Haberdashers' 
 ball in the university of Oxford, to be presi- 
 dent of his college p . Hornley ceded to him 
 the hospital and ball, and retired to Dart- 
 ford in Kent, where he died and was buried 
 in 1477- The bishop made over the site of 
 
 P Tybard probably owed to the patronage of Waynflete the rec- 
 tory of Anynton in his diocese, which on his resignation was again 
 disposed of by the bishop in November 14/5. Reg. Waynflete. 
 
 The prioress of Stodley in Lincolnshire presented Tybard to the 
 church of Cracnm.be,, 7th June 1459. Reg. Bath and Wells. 
 
 the
 
 94 THE LIFE OF 
 
 the hospital to Tybarde; Vysc the master 
 consenting to its union with the college, and 
 
 O O 7 
 
 accepting a yearly pension of forty pounds. 
 To each of the chaplains, on their quitting, 
 a pension of ten pounds was assigned. The 
 hospitalers were provided, as before, with 
 lodging and with diet q ; and one of them, 
 John Selain, is mentioned as resigning in 
 1485. Thus the new institution was en- 
 grafted on the old, and the poor were no 
 sufferers. Pilgrims were still entitled to re- 
 freshment, and charity-boys fed with the 
 relics of the tables 1 ". The foundation and 
 union being confirmed by the Pope, Wayn- 
 flete, on the 12th of June s 1458, converted 
 the hospital into a college; for the relief of 
 its members, the increase of virtue, and the 
 establishment of the Catholic faith ; for the 
 general advancement of the most liberal 
 sciences, and the manifold utility of all stu- 
 dents; with the hope, that by divine favour 
 the benefits he conferred on that age would 
 be continued down to future generations 
 for ever. The new president was authorized, 
 
 i De Situ. Index. 
 
 '' Harpsfield, p. 643. A. Wood, p. 180, or 305. 
 " July 12th, Lc Neve. The college founded in I45p. Stow, 
 p. 956. 
 
 with
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 95 
 
 with six fellows, three masters of arts, and 
 three bachelors, of which latter number 
 were Simon Godmanston and Richard Berne, 
 to admit other fellows; and the society 
 of Magdalen hall delivered it up within 
 three days to the college, into which the 
 scholars were incorporated by election*. It 
 remained for the bishop to change the hos- 
 pital into an edifice suited to his purpose, 
 and worthy of his intended munificence, 
 when his own personal safety called for his 
 attention, and his progress was interrupted 
 by public distraction and private trouble. 
 
 SECT. VIII. WHILE the Yorkists renewed 
 their efforts to ruin the Lancastrian power, 
 and the two parties continued to exercise 
 mutual animosity, the peaceful king found 
 consolation in his chancellor. From kind- 
 ness, or policy perhaps, to withdraw his 
 fruitless opposition, or unwilling assent, to 
 measures which neither of them approved, 
 he sometimes, it is related, would bid the 
 
 1 Cartce Regis. Literae Calixti Papae de Ric. Vise, et sententia 
 Epi~. Heref. 1458, N 56. 2. S. Petrus in Oriente, N 69'-'. Con- 
 firmatio Unionis per Jo. Ep~m Heref. Jun. 16, 1458, K 6"3 r . 
 Acta pro Suppress. Hosp, et Fundat. Cull. N 50. /. De Situ. 
 Index. 
 
 other
 
 96 
 
 other lords attend the council, but detain 
 him to be the companion of his private de- 
 votions ; to offer up with him, in his closet, 
 praj T ers to God for the common weal u . 
 
 SECT. IX. THE chancellor, though per- 
 haps not mentioned, was undoubtedly one 
 of the prelates who, with the archbishop of 
 Canterbury, prevailed on the leaders of the 
 two hostile factions to submit their dif- 
 ferences to the arbitration of the kin o\ An 
 
 o 
 
 agreement was ratified under the great seal 
 in the palace at Westminster, and their 
 amity was signified to the people by their 
 walking hand in hand in solemn procession 
 to St. Paul's, in March ; but in September 
 (1459) York, Salisbury, and Warwick as- 
 sembled an army at Ludlow ; when a body 
 of their veterans deserting to the royal 
 standard, the king obtained a victory with- 
 out bloodshed x . 
 
 SECT. X. A PARLIAMENT was now sum- 
 
 u " Ssepius ob eximiam sanctimoniam in penetrale regium adhi- 
 " bitus, caeteroque senatu super arduis regni negotiis consilium in- 
 " ituro Quin abite, (inquit princeps,) ego interim et canccllarius 
 " meus pro salute reipulliccc vota Deo nuncupabimus." Budden,p.8(3. 
 
 * Stow, p. 40'J. Parliam. Hist. vol. ii. 
 
 moned
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 97 
 
 inoncd to meet at Coventry, composed of 
 staunch Lancastrians. Waynflete, as chan- 
 cellor, in presence of the king sitting in 
 his chair of state, in the chapter-house of 
 the priory of St. Mary, and of many lords 
 spiritual and temporal, and of the commons, 
 declared the reason of their assembly; and 
 the record informs us that he made a nota- 
 ble harangue, but to our regret has pre- 
 served only the theme, or text, ' ; Gracia 
 " vobis, et pax multiplicctur* v ." A bill of 
 attainder was passed against the principal 
 insurgents ; and a new and solemn oath 
 
 <j 
 
 framed by the lords, to enforce allegiance, 
 was read before the king in the parliament 
 chamber, and at his command proposed to 
 them singly, for their assent, by the chan- 
 cellor. 
 
 SECT. XI. THE attention of this meeting 
 was not confined solely to public men and 
 political measures. The friars- mendicants 
 had been found troublesome inmates at Ox- 
 ford, from their first settlement in 1230. 
 They had discovered that Christ and his 
 disciples were of their order, and that beg- 
 
 y Rolls of Parliament, 1460, 38 Hen. VI. Titus, E.vi, MSS e 
 
 Cotton. 
 
 H gin IT.
 
 98 THE LIFE OF 
 
 gin<>;, by their example, was of Gospel-insti- 
 tution z . A controversy had ensued, and 
 \Vickliffbad written against them ; but the 
 Fame topic still continued to be discussed. 
 They had, besides, employed cabal and in- 
 trigue to undermine academical discipline 
 and subordination, and had produced an end- 
 less quarrel ; the scholars applying to the 
 civil power, their opponents appealing to the 
 court of Rome. The chancellor and convo- 
 cation of Oxford now acquainted Waynflete 
 by letter, that no common disturbance had 
 been raised recently by their endeavouring, 
 under the sanction of certain bulles, to sub- 
 vert the statutes, and subject the university 
 to papal jurisdiction. They entreated him to 
 interpose in their behalf, and to defend their 
 cause both at uome and in the parliament n . 
 AYe may conclude that lie was disposed to 
 relieve their anxiety, as they were gratified by 
 a decision of this assembly in their favour. 
 The chancellor, Wayntiete, soon after re- 
 turned thanks to the members in presence 
 of the king, and put an end to the session. 
 
 SECT. XII. ON the sixth of the following 
 
 o 
 
 2 Gilpin, Life of Wickliii; p. 6. 
 
 * A. Wood, i. p. 223, 224. See Appendix, NXII. 
 
 month,
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 99 
 
 month, (Nov. 1459) the illustrious hero Sir 
 John Fastolff, who had been long infirm, 
 died of an asthma and fever, aged fourscore, 
 ut Castre in Norfolk b . He was one of the 
 
 e'xecutors of the duke of Bedford, regent of 
 
 * ~ 
 
 France, who had made him master of his 
 household, and in 1430 conferred on him 
 the lieutenancy of Caen in Normandy. He 
 returned, after serving; manv campaigns on 
 
 ' O I O 
 
 the continent, in 1440. His last will is 
 dated on the day preceding his death, is in 
 Latin, and, with other papers also in the ar- 
 chives of Magdalen college, would, it is 
 likely, on examination, afford much authen- 
 tic information concerning his affairs . The 
 
 o 
 
 bishop of Winchester is named first of his 
 executors' 1 , to be with some others con- 
 
 b See Biographia Britannica, Fastolff'. Rymer Acta, printed 
 andMSS. Letters of Mr. Anstis in St. James's Chronicle, Oct. 14th, 
 17SO, and Gentl. Magazine for January 1761 , p. 27. I. 
 
 c Cartae Regis, &c. N50. 8. Index. 
 
 The pyxis, or box, inscribed Norfolk ct Sujjolk in gnre, con- 
 tains several papers worthy to be consulted. 
 
 N 5() a . Southiccrk. Inquisitio post mortem Joins Fastolff, mil. 
 capta per eschaetorem regis, 1 Aug. 38 Hen. VI. 
 
 N 17 a - Literae patentes concesssc a rege ad petitionem D,",i Fun- 
 i^atoris pro ponte fiendo in vico Ic Bermosey strete, dat. 2() Nov. 
 12 Edw.IV. 
 
 d A letter, if I mistake not, of William Wyrcestre, addressed 
 (< To his good and gracious Lord, niy Lord of Wynchcstre, Exe- 
 '' cutor and best/' &c. 
 
 u 2 suited
 
 100 THE LIFE OF 
 
 suited, whenever there should be occasion, 
 by the acting persons ; who were likewise to 
 receive from them the recompense of their 
 trouble. But controversies arose about this 
 will, between Sir John Paston the elder and 
 Thomas Howes of the one party, and Wil- 
 liam Yclvcrton knight and William Wor- 
 
 O 
 
 cctyr, Wyrccslre, Worcester, alias Botoner % 
 on the other. The latter has recorded, that 
 on a certain day (22d Nov. 1463, 3 Edw.IV.) 
 Howes affirmed, that Sir John had said to 
 him, " I pray Cod sende hym vengeance 
 " that will chaunge my testament and last 
 
 f Of William Wyrccstre see Nasmith " Itineraria Symonis, Si- 
 " meonis, et Willelmi de Worcestre, Cantab. 1/78," in prcefa- 
 " tione." 
 
 Budden (8S) styles him William Botoner Wyrcestre, a man of 
 the rank of knight, alias Buttoner, esquire ; and his names are 
 variously impelled, as Botoner., Botonor, Bui toner. He was born 
 in the. parish of St. James, at Bristol, 1415, and went to Oxford in 
 1-131. He was of Hart-hall in 1437, and maintained by Sir John 
 FastulfFof Norfolk ; he lived at Bristol in 1438, and resided in 1440 
 At Castrc in Norfolk, the seat of his patron, \vlio was remarkable 
 for his hospitality to men of learning, and who appointed him to 
 serve him in rej'eciali. lie was author of .several works. His An- 
 nals have been published by Hearne. After mentioning, p. 463, 
 that Waynflete succeeded Beaufort, he adds : ' ' Facia hujus Wayn- 
 " rlett vide notatu di^nissima inferius circa annum 1487." But 
 nothing occurs there concerning him, and the MS. is supposed im- 
 perfect. 
 
 The name of this person occurs more than once in the Index. 
 V B. Mention of the bishop of Winchester, an. 144p, p. 472. 
 
 " wylle
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 101 
 
 " wjlle that I hafe made late aboute myd- 
 " somer f ;" and this perhaps is the testi- 
 mony of Howes respecting the will, among 
 the deeds at Magdalen college 5 . The duke 
 
 O 
 
 of Norfolk declared that he had purchased 
 Castre of one of the executors, a certain 
 William Yelverton (the cursed Norfolk jus- 
 tice, says Worcestre), who had married a 
 daughter of Sir John Paston h . His title not 
 being allowed, he besieged the castle, and 
 Sir John defended it ; a transaction which 
 may give an idea of the power of a great 
 baron at this cera, of his manner of using it, 
 and the deplorable condition of the country 
 while the feodal system prevailed in it. His 
 army 1 consisted of three thousand men with 
 " gonnys/" 1 besides other weapons ! It was 
 taken a second time, by the subtilty of a 
 servant belonging to the duke, while the 
 valets and people of Sir John were sleep- 
 ing after mid-day, to the great injury of the 
 goods there under his custody k . The affairs 
 
 f Itinerarium, sive Liber Memorabilium Willelmi Worcestre, 
 script, in viaggio de Bristol usque ad Monteni S. Mich, in anno 
 M.CCCC.LXXVIII, p. 360. 
 
 s N34, Norfolk et Suffolk in gn~re. 
 
 u Itinerarium, p. 3 69, 
 
 ' Ibid. p. 321. 
 
 v Ibid, p. 368, 
 
 of
 
 102 THE LIFE OF 
 
 of the testator Jong remained unsettled. The 
 probate of his will is dated in 146?, some 
 years alter his decease. In 1464 Paston was 
 
 / 
 
 committed to the Fleet prison for refusing 
 to seal a release 1 . An agreement" 1 was 
 
 O 
 
 made between the bishop and him, relating 
 to the lands and goods, in 1470. Worcestre 
 engaged by indenture" for his faithful be- 
 haviour toward the bishop and his college, 
 and for other matters, in 1472. He com- 
 plains , that in or about November that 
 year, Yelverton, to his very great prejudice, 
 had delhered to the bishop silver things to 
 the amount of four hundred and twenty-two 
 marcs. There is also extant " the agreement 
 
 O 
 
 " and award p between the bishop and Sir 
 " John Paston, touching the buildino- of the 
 
 O C? 
 
 " college at Cast re, of seven prcests and 
 " seven poor men translated by dispensa- 
 " tion of the Pope to as many preesls and 
 " poor scholars in Magdalen college, and 
 " touching the lands of Sir John Fastolff," 
 dated in 1474. Whether this munificent 
 
 I Itinerariurn, p. 102. 
 
 m Norfolk et Suffolk in g~nre, N 2Q. 
 
 II Ibid. fc75. 12 Edw.1V. 
 Itinerarium, p. 368. 
 
 P Norfolk et Suffolk in g~nre, N23. 
 
 knight 
 
 O
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 103 
 
 knight was, as has been asserted 01 , a direct 
 benefactor in his lifetime, or by his will, to 
 Wayniletc's hall, or to his college, which was 
 founded only tin: year before he died, I can- 
 not at present ascertain. The portion of his 
 estate which came into possession of the 
 bishop, might be neither given nor be- 
 queathed, but be obtained by purchase, or 
 as the endowment of his intended college at 
 Castre. Sir William Brerelon had shared 
 with this distinguished warrior in the dan- 
 gers under lord Scales, and been promoted 
 to the same 1 post in Normandy, aiul, it is 
 
 i Anstis, Order of Garter, vol. i. p. 1-10, says that ff Sir John 
 <( Fastolf is commemorated in an annual speech at Mngcl. cul- 
 " lege ; that the Boar' s-head in Souvhwai'k, 150 per annum, 
 <e and the manors of Caldeci.it and Lovingland in Suffolk, were 
 " given by him to the college. But the college," he adds, " have 
 " no records of these benefactions, ::s he enfcoffed the founder i;i 
 " his lifetime." 
 
 The author of a note in the Biograpuiu Britannica says, he was 
 so bountiful to Magdalen college two years before he died, "that his 
 " name is commemorated in an anniversary speech: and though the 
 " particulars of his bounty are not now remembered, because he in- 
 " feoffed Waynflete in his lifetime, it is yet known that the Boar's- 
 '' head in Southwark, now divided into tenements yielding /. 150 
 " yearly, together with Calcedot (sir) mar,;:or in Sufi oik, were part 
 '' of the lands he bestowed thereon; and Loving-land in that county 
 " \i conceived also to have been another part of his donation." This 
 account, as well as that of Anstis, from which it is copied, is appre- 
 hended to be inaccurate, I have never heard an anniversary speech 
 on this subject. 
 
 probable,
 
 104 THE LIFE OF 
 
 probable, was connected both with him and 
 lord Crumwcll by his military services. It 
 was perhaps from this acquaintance, or from 
 relationship, that AVaynrlete had knowledge 
 
 1 ' O 
 
 of them ; and, in particular, that he became 
 " best frend to the soule of Sir John Fas- 
 tolff." 
 
 SECT. XIII. THE power of the Lancas- 
 trians proved but of short duration. The 
 Yorkists advanced with an army, and War- 
 wick by a herald desired a conference % 
 which was refused, it is not improbable 
 that Wayuflete, who has been iustlv termed 
 
 *S J " 
 
 a learned and studious prelate rather than 
 a politician, and who was always a lover of 
 lenient measures, dissented at this time from 
 the violent councils of his party ; for " on 
 " Monday the 7th of July, 1400, (38 II. VI.) 
 " about five in the afternoon, lie delivered 
 *' the great silver seal to the king in his tent, 
 " then standing in Hardinstonfield, near the 
 " abbey de la I 3 re, by the town of North- 
 " ampton ; in the presence of the bishop of 
 " Hereford, and of Durham keeper of the 
 " privy seal ; and of Master Thomas Mar- 
 
 f Budden, p. 78. 
 
 " ninge,
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 105 
 
 " ninge, the king's secretary/' and of two 
 esquires; and then by royal command it 
 was placed in a certain chest in the tent, of 
 which he immediately delivered the keys to 
 the king 8 . A full pardon of all misde- 
 meanors, &.c. had been granted to him the 
 same day at Northampton*. 
 
 SECT. XIV. Ix the battle which followed 
 on the 10th of July king Henry was taken 
 prisoner. An obsequious parliament then 
 constituted the duke of York heir apparent 
 of tiio crown, and lord protector during the 
 life of the reigning king. Queen Margaret, 
 who had Mod with the young prince her son, 
 meeting with support from the barons of the 
 north, obtained a victory at Wakefield, ^7th 
 Feb. 1460,) when York and Salisbury were 
 slain, and retook the king near St. Albans. 
 But the earl of March, who succeeded his fa- 
 ther in the title of York, forced her to retire, 
 demanded the crown in an assembly of peers 
 at London, and was proclaimed by the name 
 of Edward IV. Then the animosity of the 
 
 5 Rymer, t. xi. p. 458. Buclden, p. 79- 
 
 De la Pre was an abbey of nuns of the Cluniac order. Notit. 
 Mon. p. 1/9. 
 
 1 See Rynier Acta MSS. vol. ix. N 97. 
 
 two
 
 106 THE LIFE OF 
 
 two roses was raised as high as possible. The 
 battle nearTowton (29th of March, 1461,) 
 was such, it is said, as had not its parallel in 
 the annals of the island. The fugitive Lan- 
 castrians formed a mound with their bodies 
 across a river swoln by falling snow, and the 
 stream ran purple with the blood of the vic- 
 tims of civil fury. Edward was solemnly 
 crowned at Westminster ; and declared by a 
 parliament, king, both de jure and dc facto. 
 The act of attainder included even Henry 
 and his queen, who had escaped to Scot- 
 land ; and the estates of many great per- 
 sonages, their adherents, became rewards of 
 the partisans of the house of York. 
 
 S c T . X V . MIST A K E s h a v e b e en m a d e 
 respecting the time when Waynflete became 
 and ceased to be chancellor 11 . Buddcn re- 
 lates 
 
 u Euclden confutes Polydor Vergil, who says he was along while 
 in the office ; " Is ctenim homo propter justitiam prudentiamque 
 " diu Anglias cancellarius fuit." Verg. Hist, l.xxiii. p.4()3, fol. 
 Basil. 15/0. Budden, p. 79. 
 
 Godwin, p. 232, (and Ayliffe,) makes him chancellor from 
 14AQ to 1458. \V barton, Angl. S. vol. i. p. 3 I S, remarks this nils- 
 take of Godwin. 
 
 Spelman in v. CanceU. sets him clown ns chancellor according to 
 lome 28 Hen. VI, but with a (jucerc ; and afterwards 35 Hen. VI ; 
 
 and Ncvyll 38 lien, VI, which is rii^ht. 
 
 Collier
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 107 
 
 lates x , it was the common belief that he was 
 appointed as soon as he was a bishop; and 
 some have continued him near nine years in 
 office. We have seen that he held the seals 
 only from the llth of October, 1456, (35 lien. 
 VI.) the tenth year of his consecration, to the 
 7th of July, 1460, about three years and 
 three quarters ?. His conduct in resigning at 
 so critical a juncture exposed him to suspi- 
 cion, calumny, and censure 21 . Disloyalty 
 or languor in the cause of Henry was im- 
 puted to him, or he was represented as ba- 
 lancing between the two parlies, and wait- 
 ing the issue, lie was comforted, however,, 
 by the entire approbation of his royal pa- 
 tron, who in a lci;,er to Pope Pius 11, a 
 VvTittcn in November following, while he 
 was in custody of the Yorkists, bore ample 
 
 Collier says he was several years chancellor. 
 
 Gale, Hist, and Antiq. of the Cathedral at Winchester, cites the 
 Close Rolls, 35 Ken. VI. and gives the year 1457. 
 
 Dugdale makes him chancellor from 1 1th October, 145/> to 
 25th July l4(50. C'rigines Juridicales. 
 
 "Wharton, as r.lj-o Richardson on Godwin, continue him chan- 
 cellor to 25th July, 14(50. 
 
 x Eudden, p. 75. 
 
 >' He was succeeded as chancellor by Nevyll bishop of Exeter, 
 youngest brother of the carl uf Warwick. 
 
 z Budcien, p. 79- Collier, Hii'ch. 
 
 ? Sudden, p. SO. See Appendix, NXV. 
 
 testimony
 
 108 THE LIFE OF 
 
 testimony to his innocence, his meritorious 
 services, and unblemished reputation ; at 
 once furnishing a striking instance of his 
 own justice and generosity, and of his re- 
 gard for Waynflete, who could not fail, on his 
 part, to be deeply penetrated with a lively 
 sense of the kindness, and the affliction, of 
 so condescending, so benevolent a master. 
 
 CHAR
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 109 
 
 CHAPTER VI. 
 
 Of Bishop Waynflete under King Edward the 
 Fourth, during the Confinement of King 
 Henry. 
 
 SECT. I-"T1[7"^ ma y suppose Waynflete, at 
 
 IS/ la/ 
 
 the calamitous aera of our 
 history to which we have accompanied him, 
 sorrowing for the misfortunes of king Henry 
 and the Lancastrians, and deeply affected 
 by the loss of public and private friends, by 
 the diminution of his own consequence, by 
 the apprehension of a sad reverse of fortune, 
 by his present danger, and by the uncer- 
 tainty of his future security. 
 
 SECT. II. BISHOP Longland a related, that 
 Wavnfletc " was in great dedication with 
 
 ^ O O 
 
 " king Edward, and fled for fere of him into 
 ; ' secrete corners, but at last was restorid to 
 *' his ^oodes and the kingcs favour." We 
 
 Inland Itin. iv. p. 1. 50. 
 
 are
 
 110 THE LIFE OF 
 
 are likewise told b that be suffered much for 
 his loyalty to king Henry ; that, by his per- 
 suasion, the citizens of Winchester refused 
 to proclaim Edward or acknowledge him for 
 their sovereign ; and that he and they were 
 sentenced to severe chastisement ; also that 
 Edward was ever averse to him c . But Bud- 
 den d dissents from Lei and and Cooper re- 
 specting this conduct of Edward, and 
 affirms that his clemency consoled the af- 
 fliction of Waynflete, who seemed rather to 
 have changed, than to have lost, his royal 
 patron. 
 
 SECT. III. THAT a prelate who had en- 
 joyed the friendship and confidence of Hen- 
 ry in so eminent a degree as Waynflete, and 
 had been so closely connected with the Lan- 
 castrian chieftains, should be immediately 
 countenanced and favoured by Edward, 
 seems more than could be reasonably ex- 
 pected. That he should not be persecuted, 
 may appear a tribute due to his personal 
 merit and high reputation, as well as con- 
 sonant with the generosity and justice for 
 
 b Hist, and Antiq. of Winchester, vol. ii. p. y3. Gale, p. 102. 
 c Godwin. 
 J P. 81. 
 
 which
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. Ill 
 
 "which the youthful conqueror has been ce- 
 lebrated e . 
 
 SECT. IV. A DISPUTE f had subsisted be- 
 tween the bishop and some of his tenants in 
 Hampshire, especially of the manor of East- 
 nicon, concerning certain services, customs, 
 and duties claimed bv him. The kino; being; 
 
 *' O O 
 
 in his progress in that county, in August 
 1461, was beset by a multitude of them, 
 beseeching him to remedy their grievances. 
 Not having; leisure then to examine into the 
 
 ^j 
 
 matter, he charged them to lay aside wilful- 
 
 ~ j 
 
 ness, obstinacy, and turbulence ; to conti- 
 nue to pa}' and do as aforetime ; and, if they 
 were injured, to send deputies fully instruct- 
 ed to him, when they should be heard and 
 have an answer according lo reason. On 
 their coming to him while the parliament 
 was sitting, he referred the business to law- 
 yers, who were ordered to make their report 
 to himself and the peers, after diligent at- 
 tention to the allegations of each party. Hie 
 three Serjeants and his attorney gave a copi- 
 
 r Euddcn, p. SI. SO. 
 
 ' Rolls of Parliament. Titus E. vii. MSS. Cotton. See Ap- 
 pendix, XXVI. 
 
 OllS
 
 112 THE LIFE OF 
 
 ous detail of particulars before the lords spi- 
 ritual and temporal, in the parliament cham- 
 ber, on the fourteenth of December, when 
 they took until the morrow to deliberate. 
 The lord chancellor then asking their advice, 
 it was determined, after lono; and serious 
 
 ' O 
 
 debate, that, considering the clear evidence 
 produced to establish the claims of the bi- 
 shop, he ought not to meet with any trouble 
 or contradiction from the tenants, who had 
 failed of showing sufficient cause for the ex- 
 
 O 
 
 eruptions which they solicited. On the 
 morning; of the sixteenth, the lord chancellor 
 
 O ' 
 
 opened their proceedings to the king in par- 
 liament, in the presence of the lords and all 
 the judges; when he "was agreed, wcll- 
 " contented and pleased, giving his good and 
 " gratious assent to the same." The enemies 
 of Waynflete were eager, it should seem, as 
 soon as the revolution was effected, to stir 
 up complaints against him, and to procure 
 him disgrace or mortification. But we can 
 
 O 
 
 discover no symptom of an hostile disposi- 
 tion in Edward toward Waynflete in this 
 
 +} 
 
 transaction. His behaviour is wise and tem- 
 perate, and, with the peers of that very par- 
 liament which attainted Henry, he forbears 
 to gratify any private distaste to his friend 
 
 bv
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 113 
 
 by public partiality and injustice in a deci- 
 sion on his property. In the following year 
 he ratified and confirmed to him and his suc- 
 cessors the charters and privileges of his see s . 
 
 SECT. V. KING Edward is said to have 
 been unkindly disposed not only toward 
 Waynflete and the friends, but also the 
 works, of king Henry ; and, with the earl of 
 Warwick, to have curtailed the estates of his 
 two colleges, besides plundering them of 
 moveables of great value 11 . It appears that 
 he formed early a design on Eton college ; 
 for the year after his accession to the throne 
 he annexed it to the royal chapel of Wind- 
 sor, and pope Pius the Second confirmed 
 the appropriation ; pensions being assigned 
 to the provost, the fi Hows, and some other 
 members. But Westbury, who had succeed- 
 ed Waynflete, was a man of consummate 
 prudence and courage. He strenuously op- 
 posed the union, and asserted the rights and 
 privileges of the body over which he pre- 
 sided ; and, by refusing to acquiesce, while 
 Henry was a fugitive and Waynflete fallen 
 or in disgrace, nobly protected the munift- 
 
 s Rymer, t. xi. p. 63g. 
 
 h Leiand, vol. ix. p. 33, Stow. 
 
 i cence
 
 114 THE LIFE OF 
 
 cence and upheld the institution of his 
 founder; which escaped the threatened ruin, 
 and, after suffering some changes in this reign, 
 was renewed and established in that of Hen- 
 ry the Seventh by the authority of parlia- 
 ment; the bulle'of pope Pius the Second 
 having been previously revoked and an- 
 nulled by a bulle of pope Paul the Second. 
 Westbury in 1475 made a formal protesta- 
 tion 1 " and appeal, resembling that of Wayn- 
 fletc in 1451. 
 
 SECT. VI. POLICY perhaps induced king 
 Edward to pass, in his second year, an act 
 allowing all ecclesiastical persons indicted 
 for any crime to be tried in the ecclesiastical 
 court, (without the king's judges interfering 
 on any account,) and protecting the clergy 
 from the penalties of the statutes of pi'ovixors 
 and prccmunire passed in the sixteenth of 
 Richard the Second l . Archbishop Chichele m 
 had been scarcely able to refrain from tears, 
 in a synod of the clergy held at London in 
 1439, when he recited the sufferings of the 
 
 1 MS. Karl. N/032. Hugget:, vol. iii. p. 310, and vol. v. 
 
 k Hugget, vol. ii. 
 
 ! Rymer, t. xi. 483. Rapin, vi. I/. 
 
 Duck V. Hen. Chichele, p. 42. 46. Bates. 
 
 church
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 115 
 
 church from a crafty interpretation and un- 
 due extension of these statutes. Its privi- 
 leges were eluded, and its jurisdiction in 
 danger of being annulled. They supplicated 
 kino- Henry to remove the grievance by an act 
 
 ~ J O / 
 
 of parliament; and. in return for a gracious 
 answer, granted him an entire tenth, and 
 exempted his college of All Souls from the 
 payment. Budclen n relates that Waynflete 
 frequently presided by appointment of the 
 archbishop in these assemblies ; and parti- 
 cularly when, from a like motive, a subsidy 
 was voted to enable the king to repel the 
 iScots, who had made an incursion on the 
 frontier; Henry or Edward, for no date is 
 given, having by royal diploma then re- 
 cently restored and secured the rights and 
 immunities of the church, which had been 
 convulsed and shaken, says my author, by 
 the malevolent attacks of their subtile adver- 
 saries. The inns of court were now filled 
 with lay students, and jealousy and animo- 
 sity Ions: subsisted between them and the 
 
 +J O 
 
 ecclesiastics, by whom they were considered 
 ;js formidable rivals. 
 
 P. S". Ex. Actis Synod. Londin. 
 
 SECT.
 
 116 THE LIFE OF 
 
 SECT. VII. THE nation continued to be 
 harassed with conspiracies and insurrections, 
 until the queen after another battle (25 April 
 1464) escaped with prince Edward into Flan- 
 ders ; and a defeat in Northumberland re- 
 duced king Henry to live in caves and in 
 concealment above a year, when he was be- 
 trayed, conveyed to London with his feet 
 bound in the stirrups, and committed to the 
 Tower . Waynflete cannot be supposed an 
 indifferent spectator of these great events. 
 His prudence and address must have been 
 often and fully exercised, in preserving a 
 wary and inoffensive conduct at a period so 
 critical and so replete witli danger p . 
 
 SECT. VIII. THE misfortunes, the cap- 
 ture, and confinement of king Henry must 
 have deeply afflicted another prelate, bishop 
 Bekyngton. Toward the end of the year in 
 which their patron was imprisoned, Wayn- 
 rlete was deprived of this friend, and Wyke- 
 ham's colleges, with Lincoln college, Oxford, 
 of their especial protector and benefactor. 
 At the latter, as at Winchester, a beacon'^ 
 
 J Slow. HunK). Parliament. Hist, vol. ii. 
 
 * Stow. 
 
 " A. Wood, Gutch, p. 244. an J
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 117 
 
 and ton still alludes to his name; and in 
 one window of the hall are the arms of Eton, 
 in another of Waynflete, whom we may sup- 
 pose to have concurred with him in acts of 
 beneficence, and to have entertained a pro- 
 vincial attachment to the society. He was 
 succeeded in his bishoprick by Robert Stil- 
 lyngton, who had been collated in 1450 to 
 the archdeaconry of Taunton in the same 
 diocese, and had headed the party of the 
 non-residents in a dispute between the ca- 
 nons, which, Avhen wearied and exhausted 
 by a troublesome and expensive litigation, 
 they agreed to refer to the wisdom and equity 
 of Waynflete, (perhaps while he held the 
 seals, for I have not met with the date of 
 the transaction.) by whom it was happily ter- 
 minated. 
 
 SECT, IX. I HAVE not been able to dis- 
 cover whether any intercourse was allowed 
 or carried on, between Waynflete and the 
 captive monarch, during his long confinement 
 of near nine years in the Tower. The piety 
 and clemency of king Henry had conciliated 
 the affection and reverence of the people, 
 had been respected by the confederate chief- 
 tains when flushed with victory, and, added 
 
 to
 
 118 THE LIFE OF 
 
 to his high rank, probably exempted him 
 from rigorous or unhandsome treatment. If 
 he was permitted, as I suppose, to see and 
 converse with the bishop, their interviews 
 gave no umbrage to the king de facto and 
 de jure', who in 1466', of his speeial graee, 
 quieted and exonerated him, and his suc- 
 cessors in his sec, from all debts, demands, 
 penalties, and forfeitures to the crown, 
 which he might have incurred ; and further 
 consulted his peace and tranquillity, in 1469, 
 by granting with the authority of parliament 
 to him, his heirs and executors, a most ample 
 pardon of all crimes, misdemeanors, and 
 transgressions, and a remission of their coil- 
 sequences ; declaring and accepting him as 
 a true liegeman, and receiving him into 
 special favour 1 ". The preamble of this in- 
 strument sets forth, that the king had a re- 
 gard to the manifest good deserts of the bi- 
 shop, and that he had found him always 
 grateful and trust-worthy. It appears that 
 he was reconciled to him gradually, and not 
 without previous trial of his behaviour. 
 
 i 
 
 r Rymer Acta MSS. vol. i. G Edw, IV. 
 
 CHAP-
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 119 
 
 CHAPTER VII. 
 
 Of Bishop Wayiiflete during the Remainder of 
 the Reign of King Edward the Fourth. 
 
 SECT. I.^T^HE extirpation of the Lancas- 
 ->- trian party had been nearly ef- 
 fected by battles, murthers, attainders, exile, 
 and the scaffold, when Edward w r as destined 
 in his turn to be for a time with Henry the 
 sport of inconstant fortune. In 14?0 his 
 brother the duke of Clarence, with the earl 
 of Warwick, fled to France, and concluded 
 a treaty with queen Margaret, who con- 
 sented that prince Edward her son should 
 marry a daughter of Warwick, on condition 
 
 ^ o 
 
 that her husband Henry should be replaced 
 on the throne. In eleven days, such was 
 the turbulence and instability of the people, 
 and such the power of their leaders, a revo- 
 lution was accomplished. King Edward es- 
 caped from his bed to the sea-side, and to 
 Holland, without a recompense to bestow 
 on the captain of the vessel, except a robe, 
 
 and
 
 120 THE LIFE OF 
 
 and a promise apparently of much less va- 
 lue. His queen took refuge in the sanctuary 
 of Westminster. Henry was crowned again, 
 13th Get. 1470. A parliament was assembled, 
 and king Edward was included in a bill of 
 attainder, and declared an usurper and trai- 
 tor. But he remained not long absent. The 
 city of London opened its gates to him. 
 Henry, who was delivered up, (llth April 
 1471,) the archbishop of York holding him 
 by the hand, was remanded to the Tower. 
 Edward, taking him in his train, advanced 
 to Barnet : Clarence joined him ; when a 
 mist was supposed to be raised by a certain 
 conjurer, and the similarity of a sun and 
 a star on the liveries of Edward and War- 
 wick produced a mistake fatal to the Lan- 
 castrians. The earl, the king-maker, was 
 slain, and no quarter given. 
 
 SECT. II. THE attentive reader will have 
 noticed the mist and conjurer of this battle. 
 Ignorance was not then confined to the 
 people ; it was esteemed as a privilege by the 
 nobility. The earl of Worcester (Tibetot), 
 who was beheaded during the revolution, 
 was, whether Yorkist or Lancastrian, of 
 more value to the nation than an hundred 
 
 iron-
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 
 
 iron-clad and iron-minded barons ; if, as is 
 affirmed, he was " struck with the first rays 
 " of true science, which began to penetrate 
 " from the south ; and svas zealous," as he 
 has been represented, " to propagate, by his 
 " exhortations and example, the love of 
 " letters among his unpolished country- 
 " men s ." So rude indeed and uncultivated 
 were the vulgar, great -and small, that more 
 knowledge than usual in mathematics and 
 astronomy produced to its possessor (John 
 Stacie) not long afterwards the imputation 
 of necromancy, a trial, torture, and death. 
 What are our obligations to the Wykehams, 
 the Waynrletes, and other worthies, by whose 
 care and munificence, in sustaining literature 
 when nearly expiring, our reason has been 
 gradually enlarged from such abject, such 
 debasing thraldom ! 
 
 SECT. III. LIVERIES, badges, and de- 
 vices were the fashion of the times. At the 
 armed congress of barons at London in 1458. 
 the earl of Warwick was attended by six 
 hundred men, all in red jackets with ragged 
 staves embroidered behind and before 1 . On 
 
 1 Gilpin. 
 1 Baker.
 
 122 THE LIFE OF 
 
 the revolution in 1470 the governor of Ca- 
 lais put the garrison into his livery. King 
 Edward on his return " swore deeply," it is 
 said, " and took the saerament on it, that he 
 " came not to disturb king Henry, but only 
 " to recover his own inheritance;" and for the 
 more show thereof wore an ostrich feather, 
 prince Edward's livery. King Henry IV. 
 had a fox-tail dependent for his device. An 
 eagle and padlock was that of John of 
 Gaunt ; a falcon and fetterlock, of Edmund 
 duke of York, and of his son Edward IV, 
 whose quibbling motto in French was a wit- 
 ticism without delicacy u . A portcullis was 
 the cognizance of the illegitimate branch of 
 
 o o 
 
 Beaufort, which king Henry VII, who de- 
 scended from it, first inserted among the 
 emblems of the crown, as heir of the royal 
 line of Lancaster 1 . Devices were admitted 
 as ornaments by the architects, and still ap- 
 pear on various buildings of that age. But 
 to return to public affairs : 
 
 SECT. IV. QUEEN Margaret landed at 
 Weymouth on the day fatal to Warwick. 
 She received a total overthrow near Tewks- 
 
 u Walpole. 
 
 * Walpole, Anecdotes of Painting, vol. i. 
 
 bury
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 123 
 
 bury on the 4th of May 1471- Prince Ed- 
 ward was conveyed to the tent of the con- 
 queror, who smiting him on the face with his 
 gauntlet, he was hurried away, and a dagger 
 plunged into his bosom. Henry, composed 
 as innocent, was murthered in the Tower*. 
 His queen succeeded to his prison ; but was 
 permitted to return to her native country in 
 1475, where she survived until 1482. Ed- 
 ward was crowned again 3 , and now enjoyed 
 the throne without a rival. 
 
 SECT. V. THE situation of Waynflete at 
 the beginning of this extraordinary revolu- 
 tion must have been full of anxiety and dan- 
 ger, lie is likely to have partaken largely 
 in the general joy of the Lancastrians, on 
 seeing Henry at liberty and in possession of 
 the diadem. This pleasure was soon suc- 
 ceeded by the terrible carnage at Ifarnet 
 and Tewksbury, and by deep affliction for 
 the loss of prince Edward, whose spirit, 
 joined to the heroism of the queen his mo- 
 ther, had banished the despair of a future 
 restoration of his family. The pitiable end 
 
 y Duck, V. Chich. p. 48. 
 
 3 Baker, Rapin, and other historians, 
 
 of
 
 124 THE LIFE OF 
 
 of the harmless Henry completed the tra- 
 gedy, and we may believe that no one sor- 
 rowed more at its catastrophe than \\ayn- 
 fletc a . It should seem, however, that his 
 zeal had been temperate, and his demeanor 
 governed by discretion, since Edward, so 
 early as the 30th of May in the same year, 
 about a month before king Henry was put 
 to death, granted a free and absolute par- 
 don b to him, in company of seven other 
 prelates ; probably admitting the obvious 
 plea of gratitude, and of ancient connexion., 
 as a reasonable excuse for his conduct. 
 
 SECT. VI. THE heavens at this aera of 
 public confusion and discord seem to have 
 been subject to disorder, as well as the minds 
 of men, and to have shed a malign influence 
 on the land. Waynflete, regarding phy- 
 sical calamity as a punishment of sins call- 
 ing for repentance, ordered in 146'4 (8th Fe- 
 bruary) processions and litanies in his dio- 
 cese, to obtain a wholesome temperature of 
 
 2 Dr. Heylin's poem, entitled " Wainflete's Memorial," con- 
 sists of one hundred and sixty stanzas, each of nine verses. See a 
 specimen in the Appendix, N XVIII. 
 
 b Kymer, t. xi. p. /1 1, 
 
 the
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 125 
 
 the air, with a kindlv season for the cattle 
 
 */ 
 
 and fruits of the earth, and to avert the 
 reigning mortality and pestilence : also in 
 146'7 (9th October) to procure the cessa- 
 tion of a fatal distemper which raged in the 
 borough of Southwark and its vicinity, among 
 innocents and children who had scarcely 
 attained to the use of reason ; on account, 
 it was feared, of the iniquities of their fa- 
 thers : also in 1470, when the country was 
 afflicted in an uncommon degree by various 
 kinds of disturbances, and by bad air and 
 tempests. Edward was then in arms against 
 the Scots, and- one suffrage was for the pro- 
 sperity and success of his expedition. 
 
 SECT. VII. THE bishop, until he was 
 made chancellor, had held frequent general 
 ordinations, excepting a few instances, in 
 person, at various places in his diocese ; in 
 the chapels of his manors of Merwell, of 
 Southwark, of \\ altham, of Esher, of his 
 palace of Wolvesey, in the collegiate church 
 of St. Elizabeth by AVynton, and in his ca- 
 thedral. He was then prevented from con- 
 tinuino; them in the same manner, bv multi- 
 
 O "' 
 
 plicity of business, and a constant attend- 
 ance
 
 126 THE LIFE OF 
 
 ancc on the court. It appears from his Re- 
 gister that he held four ordinations in 1457? 
 the year after he was made lord chancellor; 
 one at the conventual church of Mottesfont 
 in April, and one at Rumsey in September, 
 1458; and in the chapel of his manor of 
 South Waltham in September 1480. During 
 the above interval, and afterwards, his suf- 
 fragan, William bishop of Sidon, a monk of 
 the order of St. Austin, (who was appointed 
 to the same office by the archbishop of Can- 
 terbury in 146*8,) performed that duty for 
 him almost uninterruptedly; for the last time 
 on the 20th of May I486. The whole dio- 
 cese had experienced the diligence of their 
 bishop in spiritual matters, and especially 
 the religious houses, which abounded. His 
 paternal care was exerted to reform their 
 abuses, and to restore them, if possible, to 
 their primitive purity. AVhen the civil tem- 
 pest was abated, he resumed his wonted at- 
 tention to these affairs. In particular, he 
 had begun an inquisition into the state, the 
 morals, life, and conversation of the abbat 
 and regulars of the monastery of St. Peter 
 de Hyde near Winchester; which he conti- 
 nued by commissions in 1469? a variety of 
 
 arduous
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 127 
 
 arduous business not permitting bis personal 
 presence; and concluded in 1471 by giving 
 the society a set of injunctions for their gui- 
 dance, and by the banishment of the abbat 
 with a pension of fifty pounds a year for his 
 maintenance. 
 
 SECT. VIII. WAYNFLETE was among: the 
 
 t3 
 
 lords spiritual and temporal assembled with 
 other persons of quality in July 1471, when 
 Edward exacted from them an oath of 
 fealty c to his infant son, born during his 
 short exile, whom he soon after created 
 prince of Wales as heir-apparent. 
 
 In 1472 pope Sixtus IV. notified to king 
 Edward the sending of the red hat designed 
 for the archbishop of Canterbury (Bour- 
 chier) by his predecessor Paul II, who had 
 declared him a cardinal. It was delivered 
 on the 31st of May at Lambeth, in the pre- 
 sence of bishop Stillyngton lord chancellor, 
 three other prelates, the suffragan of the 
 archbishop, the prior of Christ-church, Lon- 
 don, the archdeacon of Canterbury, and of 
 many barons, knights, and nobles, citizens of 
 
 c Rymer, t. xi. p. 714. 
 
 London,
 
 128 THE LIFE OF 
 
 London, and venerable persons, no solem- 
 nity or ceremony being omitted. The mass 
 De Sancto Spiritu was celebrated by the bi- 
 shop of Winchester, who also placed the 
 hat tinged with the blood of Christ on the 
 head of the new cardinal d . 
 
 SECT. IX. THE bishop, who was always 
 assiduous in the discharge of his religious 
 functions, commonly attended the solemni- 
 ties of the order of the Garter. In particular 
 he was present in 1476 (27th February) 
 when king Edward held a grand festival at 
 Windsor in most royal manner. The sove- 
 reign with the knights, " beino: all mounted 
 
 O O O 
 
 " on horsebacke in their habits of blew, 
 " rode to the chapiter; from thence they 
 " went to the quire on foote," and when 
 even-song was over, up again to the castle e . 
 Waynrlete, as prelate of the order, per- 
 formed the service of the day, St. George 
 the martyr, in the chapel. 
 
 SECT. X. THE bishop continued his at- 
 
 J MSS. C.C. C.C, K 170, p. 242. Budden. He cites M. Par- 
 ker in V. ex lib. J. Ryd in Coll. C. C. C. 
 e Stow, p. 429. 
 
 tendance
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 129 
 
 tendance on the court f . He was present 
 with many lords of the council at Staun- 
 forcl in 14?3, when the great seal was deli- 
 vered (27th July) to the bishop of Dur- 
 ham g , and was frequently with the king at 
 other times and places. We have reason to 
 believe that he was well received and in fa- 
 vour, as Edward confirmed by charter 11 the 
 "rants made to his college by kino; Henry, 
 
 - ' CT> / i^j %J * 
 
 and added licences of mortmain ', with other 
 tokens of o-ood will, which met with a crate- 
 
 O O 
 
 Ail return on the part of the founder. But 
 this distinction was enjoved without his 
 
 i' */ 
 
 losing the regard of the Lancastrian party ; 
 and the respect they showed him, proves 
 that they did not consider it as gained by 
 temporizing and by servility. If he suffered 
 not as some other prelates, if lie was neither 
 imprisoned, exiled, nor attainted for his at- 
 tachment to king Henry, candour will pro- 
 
 f He is recorded as absent on a good account, 31 Hen. VI. He 
 attended 33 and 34 Hen. VI, also 3, /, I/, 22 E:hv. IV. In 1-181 
 Edward, occupied by the very great cares of his kingdom, could not 
 be present, and Waynflete did not attend, but we find him there 
 again in the following year. Anstis, 
 
 Rymer, t. xi. p. 783. Stow. 
 
 h Carts Hegis, &c. K 48. Index. 
 
 1 Three, each of . 500, were issued 15, 17, 18 Edw. IV. 
 Mortmaynes, N 2. 7- 15. Index. 
 
 K nounce
 
 130 THE LIFE OF 
 
 nounce that he was withheld by the natural 
 mildness of his disposition from taking so 
 bold and active a part ; and that his subse- 
 quent security was the result of his age, and 
 of a character, in which the virtues of the 
 truly Christian bishop were unmixed and 
 unsullied by the ferocity of the warrior and 
 the turbulence of the politician. 
 
 CHAP-
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 131 
 
 CHAPTER VIII. 
 
 Proceedings at Oxford, with the Building and 
 
 c* ,/ o 
 
 Settling of Magdalen College, to t/ie End 
 of the Reign of Edward the Fourth. 
 
 SECT. J.^lMiOUGH public confusion was 
 -*- unfriendly to the designs of 
 Waynflete at Oxford, yet even in this pe- 
 riod his college had met with benefactors. 
 
 o 
 
 Thomas Ingledew, one of his chaplains, 
 of the diocese of York, had given with his 
 own hands to the president and perpetual fel- 
 lows, in October 1461, the sum of seven hun- 
 dred and sixty-three marks (. 50S.13s.4J.) 
 with which they purchased land and rents 
 to the yearly amount of twenty-four pounds 
 sterling; for the augmentation of two fel- 
 lowships, to be filled for ever by clerks born 
 in the dioceses of York and Durham rather 
 than elsewhere ; who, within six months 
 after his decease, were to celebrate mass for 
 his soul and for that of John Bowyke, clerk ; 
 for the souls of his parents, of Elionare Aske 
 K 2 and
 
 132 THE LIFE OF 
 
 and others to whom lie was obliged : and 
 
 O 
 
 the society engaged to pray for his soul and 
 that of Bowyke, as benefactors and aiders of 
 the college, lie gave also certain jewels and 
 books, and directed a small distribution of 
 money (one of seven and one of five pence) 
 to the poor, on some particular festivals, to 
 be made at the college gate a . About the 
 same time John Forman, one of the bache- 
 lor fellows named in the charter of Magda- 
 len hall, and perpetual vicar of Huston by 
 Wakefield in Yorkshire, delivered to the 
 president and fellows one hundred marks 
 (.66. 13s. 4J.) for the use of the college, to 
 be employed on fit, lawful, and honest oc- 
 casions ; on condition that they should al- 
 ways have a fellow a native of that county; 
 to be elected by him while living ; to be of 
 his family, that is, descended from John his 
 
 a Compositio T. Ingledew. A. Wood, p. I8p. His account is 
 not correct. He calls him John, but is wrong. 
 
 Ingledew appointed \s.d. to be distributed to the poor at the col- 
 lege gate, on certain festivals, as did likewise Preston, another 
 benefactor j each to the amount of 3*. /</. yearly. The like sum, 
 and also bread, was distributed at other feasts, as on Midsummer 
 and Magdalen day, bin only of the liberality of the society and not 
 of duty. MS. Had. N4240, p. U. " Certaync advertisements 
 " and informations geven by the President and Seniors concerning 
 " the Hospital." Signed by N. Bondcand eighteen Fellows. 
 
 father;
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 133 
 
 father; or, no such candidate appearing, to 
 be born in or near the parishes of Roth well 
 and Huston, one his birth-place, the other 
 his benefice ; to be a priest; to say mass for 
 his soul, and to go several times yearly to 
 sow the word about that neighbourhood 1 ". 
 The same person gave, the year before Wayn- 
 flete died, (13 Aug. 148.5,) a sum of money 
 for a chest, to be called Mutuum Forman, and 
 twenty pounds for the buying of a parcel of 
 land in G older . 
 
 SECT. II. THE founder had continued his 
 attention to the endowment of his college. 
 
 William de Braiosa d had given in 1075 
 the churches of St. Peter at Sele, St. Nicho- 
 las at Bramber and at Shoreham, with some 
 others in the county of Sussex, to the abbey 
 of St. Florence at Salmur in France. A con- 
 vent of Benedictine monks from that mo- 
 
 b Compositio J. Forman. I have not seen any copy with a date. 
 A. Wood, p. 188. 
 
 c CompositioneSj N15. Index. N 13 is " Memoranda quae- 
 " dam de recept. pccuniae dat. per Johan. Forman ; sine dat." 
 
 Dr. Clerkc did not know when the money called Mutuum For- 
 man was given, but makes it distinct from his composition. 
 
 d Tanner Notit. Mon. p. 552. The rectory of Sele, with the 
 glebe-lands and rent of houses once belonging to the priory _, was 
 valued at .20'. Qs. ty!. 
 
 nastery
 
 134 THE LIFE OF 
 
 nastery was soon after fixed at Sele. This 
 alien priory was made denizon in 1396; 
 when the charter describes it as founded by 
 the ancestors of Thomas lord Mareschal and 
 Nottingham. The grant of it to AVaynflete 
 was ratified by John duke of Norfolk, and also 
 by his son in October 1451 ; who relinquish- 
 ed to him the patronage and advowson. 
 In the process for the annexion and appro- 
 priation, before the delegates of the bishop 
 of Chichester in 1469, and of the Pope in 
 1471j John Waynflete was examined as dean 
 and as archdeacon, to prove the seals of his 
 chapter and of the bishops of Chichester 
 and Winchester; and it is remarkable, Dr. 
 William Gyfford deposed that the founder 
 had admitted several persons to be presi- 
 dents of his college, and that he had been 
 
 O ' 
 
 of the number c . President Tybarde and the 
 society made Gyfford, with others, their at- 
 torney in July 1474 to take possession*. 
 
 e Scale in g~nre, N 62. ibid. L. N 18. N 17. Appropriat. 
 et Uniones, N22. N /. l a . l b , Privatio Prioris et Unio Coll. 
 Index. 
 
 Dr. Gyfford in the last process gave in evidence that his age was 
 about 44. He was a clerk, and was constituted by the college one 
 of their attornies to take possession of all goods &c. given by friends 
 and benefactors, and by the founder. 1 April, 21 Edw. IV. 1481, 
 Again with W m - Holden, 1 Hen. VII. 
 
 f Registr. A. SECT,
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 135 
 
 SECT. III. As the buildings of the hospital 
 of St. John were dispersed and irregular, 
 and far too small for the reception of the 
 new society, Wajnflete had resolved to alter 
 and enlarge them, to render their form more 
 commodious, and to make the additions re- 
 quisite for the comfort and convenience of a 
 collegiate body. His progress had been sus- 
 pended or retarded by his private troubles 
 and the calamities of the nation. The return 
 of public tranquillity afforded him leisure for 
 a review of his plans ; and the valuable see 
 which he possessed, with his personal for- 
 tune, enabled him to carry them into exe- 
 cution s . 
 
 SF.CT. IV. THE ceremony of dedicating 
 
 " ~ 
 
 the college to St. Mary Magdalen was per- 
 haps intended to be solemnized when Wil- 
 liam Wyrcestre made the founder (16 Dec. 
 1473) a present of a book h , which had be- 
 longed to sir John Fastolff, now in the ar- 
 chives of the Library ; (a manuscript of the 
 reign of Henry the Third, in the opinion of 
 Jlearne,) and entitled " De Sacramentis Dedl- 
 
 " Lowth, sect. vi. 
 
 '' Budden, p. 88. Hcarne Praef. Lib. Nig. Scacc. p. xxii, xxv. 
 xix. See A. Wood Hist, et Antiq. p. 346. 
 
 " cationis.
 
 136 THE LIFE OF 
 
 " cationis, Sermo" The author was Ivo, bi- 
 shop of Chartres*. The subject seems to 
 have suggested the offering, which, it may 
 be conjectured, had a further view, to re- 
 mind the bishop of a former compliment, 
 Wyrcestre having dedicated and presented 
 to him in August, the same year, an English 
 version of Tully De Scncctutc, for which he 
 complains in his Diary " se nullum regar- 
 " duin de episcopo recepisseV What he 
 did not obtain from such a bishop, it may 
 be presumed he did not deserve. 
 
 ' <c Ivo sive Yvo (Lantfranci, Prioris tune Beccensis,, postea 
 " Archicp. Cantuar. auditor) ex abbate S. Quintini ad muros Bcl- 
 *' lovacenses, Ord. Augustiniani, Episcopus ab A. JOQO ad 1117? 
 " Ccrnotensis, vir multarum virtutum ct litterarum." J . A. Fabricii 
 Bibiioth. med. et inf. Lat. iv. 605,6o6. 
 
 A. Wood supposed Wyrcestre the author of the Treatise De 
 Sacramentis, but Hearne asserts that he only delivered it to him 
 by order, and as the gift of Sir John Fas to! f. I am indebted to 
 Mr. Loveday for the name of the true author. 
 
 The 3,1$. is on parchment, in Svo., and at the beginning Wyr- 
 cestre has written, 
 
 " Suo domino colendissimo magistro Willelmo Waynfleete, sc- 
 " dis ecclesis cathedralis Sancti Swythini Wyntoniensis episcopo, 
 <c qure olim ante tempus con^ecrationis dictae ecclesios templum 
 e< Dagon vocabatur tempore paganorum gencium, et proesentatur 
 " domino praescripto epi-.r-opo de beneficio domini Johannis Fas- 
 " tolf, militis, ob memorhm sui, quamvis modicum fuerit quan- 
 " titat's. die. 16 niensis Decembris anno Christi l-]/^ . per Willel- 
 " mum Wyrcestre." Hearne, p. xxv. 
 k Euddcn, p. S3. 
 
 SECT.
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 137 
 
 SECT. V. THE foundation-stone of the 
 college was sanctified on the fifth of May, 
 1474, by the venerable father Robert Toly, 
 bishop of St. David's, in his pontificals, 
 and respectfully deposited in its place, the 
 middle of the high altar, by president Ty- 
 bard l . The quarry of Iledington, which had 
 been discovered in the reign of Henry the 
 Third, was now in higher repute than that of 
 
 J O I 
 
 Iiinxev m , and from it the stone for the edi- 
 
 > 
 
 lice was taken. V/e find Waynflete contract- 
 ing with William Orchyerd, the principal 
 mason, in 147 o, 1478, and the following 
 year, for finishing the tower over the gate- 
 way with a pyramid sixteen feet high above 
 the level of the gutter; for crowning the 
 
 ^2 --J 
 
 walls of the chapel and hall with niched 
 battlements, for a coping to these and the 
 library ; for completing the chambers, cloi- 
 sters, and other imperfect portions of the 
 fabric ; and for fashioning the great window 
 of the chapel, with the windows of the cham- 
 bers, after the model of All Souls n . 
 
 SECT. 
 
 1 A. Wood Hist, et Antiq. p. 20/, from an Account-book begun 
 by Master Richard Berne in 14/3. 
 
 m Appendix Lib. Nig. Scacc. by Hearne, p. 5/0. 
 
 71 The fashion of the great window has (probably) been altered, 
 to admit a representation of The Last Judgement, as painted by 
 
 Schwartz
 
 138 THE LIFE OF 
 
 SECT. VI. KING Edward was now build- 
 ing his chapel at Windsor. Some friends of 
 the university of Oxford made an offer to 
 finish the divinity-school, which had been 
 founded by the munificence of duke Hum- 
 phrey, but from want of money was not 
 completed . In March 1475 the chancel- 
 lor (Dr. Chaundler) and convocation repre- 
 sented to the king p , in an humble address, 
 that they could not proceed on this import- 
 ant business, which had been suspended 
 near sixty years, because all the stone-ma-^ 
 sons were engaged for his magnificent works ; 
 that, if it was deferred, they were apprehen- 
 sive of losing by death those liberal patrons 
 who had undertaken to defray the expense ; 
 that, seeing his ardour in erecting a fabric to 
 
 Schwartz for the consort of William, fifth duke of Bavaria. A 
 circular print engraved by Sadeler, in the lodgings of the presi- 
 dent, exhibits the design, which is imperfect in the window, the 
 glass having received much injury from a storm. 
 
 This window has been lately restored by Mr. Eckington, from 
 the engraved print. Of the designer, Christopher Schwartz, some 
 account may be found in D'Argenville's Vie des Peintres, torn. iii. 
 p. 15. He was born at Ingoldstadt in 1550, and died 15Q4. 
 
 EDITOR. 
 
 A. Wood, ii. 22. a. Twyne. Hearne's Collection of Dis- 
 courses, p. 302, 303, where for Wikham read IVayvjlete. See 
 Budden, p. 83. 
 
 P See Appendix, K XIX. 
 
 the
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 139 
 
 the glory of God, they did not dare to re- 
 quest him for any of his men ; but, as he 
 had granted some to the bishop of Winches- 
 ter, asked only the royal permission to use 
 such as they could prevail on him to spare. 
 The king, as also Waynflete, whom they so- 
 licited by letter, complied with the desire of 
 the university. 
 
 SECT. VII. IT was probably about the 
 same time that the chancellor and regents 
 of the university acknowledged, in a letter to 
 the bishop, their having received from him 
 the greatest benefits; and, after citing Ci- 
 cero, as saying it is the characteristic of a 
 noble and ingenuous mind, to whom one 
 owes much to be willing to owe very much, 
 petitioned to be indulged with the use of 
 the machines for building which had been 
 
 o 
 
 prepared for the service of his college ; re- 
 presenting, that they were now intent on 
 completing the new schools (those of divinity 
 and canon law) ; that they were destitute of 
 these necessaries, and could not proceed 
 without them ; that a large sum of money 
 would be exhausted, and the consummation 
 of the work be retarded, if they were to set 
 about providing them ; that the remedy of 
 
 these
 
 140 THE LIFE OF 
 
 these evils was in his power : assuring him, 
 that as their thanks were due for the oblig:a- 
 
 O 
 
 tions which he had conferred on them un- 
 asked ; so, on granting what they requested, 
 he would be entitled to, and should receive, 
 a still larger tribute of their gratitude q . 
 Waynflete again complied with their desire. 
 The cicling of the divinity-school, which is 
 a curious piece of Gothic masonry, was 
 finished about 1480. 
 
 SECT. VIII. A REQUEST of a different 
 nature was made to the bishop by the chan- 
 cellor and regents, probably in 1477- They 
 represent to him that an obstinate litigation 
 had prevailed between a doctor of divinity 
 (Gylbert Haydok) and a person of his house- 
 hold (Thomas Davcrs) ; and as one prose- 
 cuted at common law, and the other claimed 
 the privileges of an academic, they beseech 
 him, from an apprehension that otherwise a 
 risque of their franchises would ensue, to 
 terminate the dispute by his mediation ; as- 
 
 i See Appendix, NXX. 
 
 This letter has been cited as countenancing an opinion that Wayn- 
 flete possessed no little skill in architecture, or the direction of pub- 
 lic buildings, and as showing that he had the conduct of the chapel 
 at Windsor in the reign of Edua;d IV. See Mom'.m. Sep. 
 
 s u ring
 
 \\ILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 141 
 
 him it would be regarded as a public 
 
 O 
 
 benefit. In their letter they seem to have 
 studied for epithets sufficiently expressive 
 of his character and their gratitude ; styling 
 him magnificent^ most constant, most humane; 
 and returning him immortal thanks, as having 
 
 ^j x c* 
 
 been friendly to them beyond any one of that 
 age r . 
 
 SECT. IX. FROM the letters we have 
 cited it has been inferred as probable, that 
 Waynflete was chancellor of the university 
 of Oxford. Some writers 8 have even men- 
 tioned him as such ; and Bud den agrees 
 with them as to the fact, but is unable to 
 ascertain the time when, the public records 
 being dissipated through the neglect of certain 
 
 C2 I t/ 
 
 persons. Others have made him fill the of- 
 fice about the year of his advancement to 
 the prelacy ; but that it was not occupied 
 by him then, has been proved by Antony 
 AVood ; and it seems to have escaped obser- 
 vation, that the letters are addressed to him 
 by the chancellor. The post at this period 
 was commonly possessed by some academic 
 
 1 See Appendix, N XXI. Sudden, p. 84. 
 8 Holin^hed, p. 12S3. Eudclen, p. 84. F. Thinnus inCatal. 
 Cancdl. Angl. Birch. 
 
 resident
 
 142 THE LIFE OP 
 
 resident in the university *. Dr. Chaundler 
 continued chancellor from 145? to 1461, 
 when he was succeeded by bishop Nevyll. 
 He was chancellor again in 1472 u , and re- 
 mained until 1479> when he resigned on ac- 
 count of his ao;e. 
 
 o 
 
 SECT. X. THE scholars which had re- 
 mained in Magdalen hall removed with the 
 
 O 
 
 president to the college, before the chapel 
 was finished; and the society made use of 
 the oratory of the hospital for their place of 
 worship x . The hall on their quitting it re- 
 sumed its old name of Bostar hall ; was for 
 a while inhabited by academics; then let to 
 a tailor; and in 1482 granted by the college, 
 with the garden, on lease to a vintner and an- 
 other tenant for eighty-one years, at the an- 
 nual rent of twenty-six shillings and eight 
 pence ?. The society had before celebrated 
 
 t A. Wood, p. 308, 38(5. 
 
 u A. Wood, p. 413. 
 
 1 A. Wood, p. JSS, 207, 208. 
 
 - v Registr. A. f. 14. " Quod quidem tenementum situatur inter 
 " tenementum priorissae et conventus de Lytylmore ex parte oc- 
 " cidentali et ten. pertinens ad capellam S. Mari.ne Virginis in ec- 
 " cles. S. Petri ex parte oricntali; et viam regiam ducentem a porta 
 " oriental! ejusde-m villae versus quadrivium." Inaex of Leases, 
 
 P. Co. 
 
 divine
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 143 
 
 divine service in the parish church of St. 
 Peter's in the East 2 . On their translation to 
 the hospital, the vicar and patron, Merton 
 college, laid claim to tythes, to the privilege 
 of administering the sacramental and funeral 
 
 o 
 
 rites, and of receiving dues and oblations 
 within its precincts, as being in that parish; 
 and, after some demur, it was agreed to 
 
 o 
 
 settle (10th April 1480) a yearly pension of 
 twenty-six shillings and eight pence on the 
 vicar for ever, in lieu of all demands*. It 
 was the desire of Waynflete, that his college. 
 
 > O * 
 
 founded at a great expense, might be ex- 
 empted with the inclosure from the jurisdic- 
 tion of the bishop of Lincoln, and in future 
 be subject to that of the bishop of Win- 
 chester. The former bishop complied with 
 his request (6th July 1480), after carefully 
 treating with the dean and chapter ; consi- 
 derin" 1 his devout intention in it as useful to 
 
 o 
 
 mother church, and expedient for the quiet 
 study of the president and scholars b . A bulle 
 of approbation was obtained from the Pope, 
 which also confirmed the proceedings under 
 
 z A. Wood. Glitch, p. 32g. 
 
 Registr. Coll. A. Registr. Lincoln. 
 
 5 Registr. Lincoln. 
 
 his
 
 144 THE LIFE OF 
 
 his predecessor c . Waynflete soon after con- 
 stituted his successors in his see the visitors 
 of his college and interpreters of his sta- 
 tutes ; and the Pope by a decree rendered 
 the office of president compatible with any 
 other ecclesiastical benefices with and with- 
 out cure, and with any dignities ; their emo- 
 luments to be enjoyed without obligation to 
 residence. 
 
 SECT. XL THE society of Magdalen col- 
 lege had been governed twenty-one years 
 without statutes in an honourable and lau- 
 dable manner by president Tybarde d . The 
 scattered members being collected into one 
 body, the founder resolved to furnish it with 
 a code of laws, the ground-work taken, as 
 for king Henry's colleges, from the institutes 
 of Wykeham . Tybarde being worn out 
 with age, he had selected a fit person to 
 succeed him in his office, and at the same 
 tiim* to introduce his intended regulations. 
 
 O 
 
 A predilection for New college is implied in 
 the luk;, thiit he proposed (we are not told 
 
 c Ixegistr. Lincoln. Cartse Regis, N45., 46. Index. 
 d R gistr. Col'. A. 
 c Lowthj p. 19.3. 
 
 when)
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 145 
 
 when) to double their revenue, if the society 
 would pray for his soul jointly with that of 
 Wykeham, as co-founder; which offer was 
 refused : but this, though said to be re- 
 corded^ requires to be fully authenticated 
 before it will challenge any degree of credit; 
 for we cannot suppose that Waynflete would 
 either persuade them to a breach of statute, 
 or condescend to remove the difficulty, if pos- 
 sible, by an abuse of his visitatorial power. 
 We have a surer evidence of his attention 
 and regard, in his having now taken a pre- 
 sident from it, and ordained that the person 
 to be elected in future should be a fellow 
 either of his own or of that society, or one 
 who had quitted either college on some just 
 and lawful occasion s . 
 
 SECT. XII. MASTER Richard Mayew, 
 S. T. P. h then lately fellow of New college, 
 whom Waynflete had appointed to be his 
 first sworn president, arrived at Magdalen 
 
 f Hist, of Winton, vol. i. p. 5Q. 
 s Statut. Coll. 
 h S.T. B. LeNevc. 
 
 Mayo, or Maio, a local surname from Ireland, corrupted into 
 Mayow, and thence into Mayew. L. 
 
 L college
 
 146 THE LIFE OP 
 
 college the 23d of August, 1480, on the vi- 
 gil of St. Bartholomew the apostle. The ve- 
 nerable Tybarde received him most politely, 
 with all love, honour, and respect, and the 
 same day resigned his office. The next day 
 Dr. Mayew delivered, in the great hall of 
 the college, a short oration exhorting to 
 unity and peace, grounded on Galatians 
 vi. 2 : " Alter altcrius onera portate ;" and 
 took the oath prescribed by the founder, in 
 the presence of all the masters and ba- 
 chelors of the college then in the univer- 
 sity '. After this ceremony he produced 
 letters mandatory for the receiving and 
 humbly obeying him as president; and also 
 certain statutes concerning; the state of the 
 
 o 
 
 college, and the good government of the 
 scholars. At the same time Mr. Richard 
 Jjernys, who had been previously admitted 
 perpetual fullow by the founder, was re- 
 ceived as vice-president ; and Mr. William 
 Colett as bursar; being the first to whom 
 the oath of their offices was administered. 
 
 ' Of one B.D., twenty- two masters of arts, seven bachelors. 
 Absentees six, The same clay a fellow was admitted. After men- 
 tion of those present, the Register adds, " Et hii omnes fuerunt 
 " scolares in annis probationis." 
 
 Jn 1480 the society presented to the vicarage of Willoughby.
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 147 
 
 About Icn of the masters refused to swear to 
 observe the statutes, and by order of the pre- 
 sident were deprived of their commons until 
 they consented k . Tybarde, who survived 
 only to the seventeenth of the following 
 November, was honourably interred in the 
 middle of the inner chapel. The spot was 
 marked by a brass plate, representing him 
 with hands erect, I suppose as in prayer, 
 and under the portrait an epitaph in Latin 
 verse 1 . His will is the first of several proved 
 before president Maycw, whom Waynflete 
 as ordinary of the college had appointed 
 his commissary m . Mass, it should seem, 
 was celebrated for him at certain times ; as 
 in an inventory" of the sacred effects be- 
 longing to the chapel, made 10 Hen. VII, 
 a cope is mentioned with an inscription in 
 Orfreys, " Orate pro anima Magistri Ty- 
 " barte," which was probably intended to 
 be worn by the officiating priest. " Requi- 
 
 k Registr. Coll. Magd. A. f. l, 3, 5. 
 
 The statutes we re " De Habi.tibus Scolarium," and ' j n qu ; bug 
 " obedire debent scolares president'!." 
 1 A. Wood, Gutch, p. .",31. 
 m Registr. Coll. Magd.. A. 
 * Jbid. 
 
 T - 2 " escnt
 
 148 THE LIFE OF 
 
 ;< escat in pace. Amen !" says the College- 
 reerister . 
 
 SECT. XIII. THE baneful effects of civil 
 discord bad been severely felt by the liberal 
 sciences in general. Grammar-learning: in 
 
 *. .j O 
 
 particular had languished to such a degree, 
 that the university of Oxford, apprehensive 
 of its total extinction, and of the conse- 
 quent invasion of barbarism, had solicited 
 the bishop of Lincoln, their diocesan, to in- 
 terpose in its behalf, and to afford it encou- 
 ragement P. Waynflele had already appeared 
 as a patron of this study. He knew it was 
 idle to provide for the nurture of the plant, 
 and to expect the produce, if the seed was 
 not sown. .From the Easter preceding the 
 arrival of his new president, he had employed 
 a, master and usher to teach gratis, at his ex- 
 pense, in a certain low hall within the college, 
 on the south side of the chapel ; part of the 
 Id building or hospital ; and, it should 
 seen/- un(1 - (>1 ' the chapel of St. John, to which 
 was an Ascent by sta/'vs. It was his design 
 
 Registr. Coll. MJ? d - A - f - l > 
 
 p A. Wood, p. 228. Chadworth, pro ^ 03t of King's college, was 
 
 bishop of Lincoln from 1452 .to 1471. 
 
 to
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 149 
 
 to erect an edifice near the College-gate, 
 with certain chambers and lodsjino-s for a 
 
 o o 
 
 master and usher over it, and with a kitchen 
 adjoining for its use q ; which was begun in 
 August 1480, in the first month and year of 
 president Mayew ; Mr. Bernys being ap- 
 pointed prefect or overseer. The grammar- 
 school was translated to it when finished ; 
 and the low hall, then unoccupied, was con- 
 verted into an alms-house. 
 
 SECT. XIV. ON the 20th of September 
 1481 the bishop repaired to Oxford, to su- 
 pervise the state of his society and the new 
 buildings; taking with him the deeds or 
 writings of several manors and estates be- 
 
 O 
 
 longing to it. He was respectfully received 
 into his college with a procession by the pre- 
 sident and scholars, not only as founder, 
 but as their ordinary and visitor. The pre- 
 sident, after his entry, addressed to him a 
 thesis or proposition, and short congratula- 
 tory oration on his arrival ; to the praise, 
 honour, and glory, of Almighty God ; and 
 on the magnificence of his name and works. 
 
 i Registr. A. p. 3. " Cum cameris superioribus, et cum coquina 
 dicte scole necessaria." 
 
 On
 
 150 THE LIFE OF 
 
 On the 22d, Waynflctc set out for Wode- 
 stoke, where king Edward, of his own ac- 
 cord and of his special favour, promised 
 him to visit his new college in the evening, 
 and to pass the night there ; which pleased 
 the founder in a very high degree. After 
 sunset he entered the parish of St. Giles with 
 a multitude of men, innumerable torches 
 burning before him. The chancellor, Mr. 
 
 O ' 
 
 Lionel Wydevyle, brother to the queen, and 
 successor of Dr. Chaundler, with the masters 
 regent and non-regent, received him ho- 
 nourably without the university, and escort- 
 ed him to Magdalen college. He was there 
 received in like manner, and introduced by 
 Waynflete, the president and scholars in 
 procession. With him came the bishops of 
 Chichestcr, Ely, and Rochester, the carl of 
 Lincoln lord high treasurer, lord Stanety, 
 lord Dacors of Sussex, sir Thomas Barowyg 
 knight, and many other nobles ; who all met 
 with an honourable reception from the foun- 
 der, and passed the night in the college. 
 
 The 23d, being Sunday, the king with very 
 many of his lords spiritual and temporal, 
 and other persons of quality, tarried, as teas 
 decent, says the Register, until after dinner 
 and noon-tide. The president, between 
 
 mattins
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 151 
 
 rnattins and the procession, delivered by 
 command of the founder, before the king 
 and his nobles, a brief congratulatory ora- 
 tion r on the arrival of his majesty, and sup- 
 plicated for his special favour toward the 
 university and college. Edward replied to 
 every article with sufficient fecondity and 
 facondity, says the Register 8 , graciously as- 
 senting to all the petitions. He then, in a 
 respectful and orderly* manner,followed with 
 his lords the procession round the court and 
 boundary of the college. 
 
 On Monday the king with his suite at- 
 tended the public disputations of the uni- 
 versity, and a preelection in divinity which 
 he had founded ; and of which he deemed 
 so highly, that on account of it he had lately 
 sent some of his relations, and in particular 
 Edmund Pole his nephew, to Oxford. The 
 chancellor, Wydevyle, was now reader. The 
 king was present also at other academical 
 exercises, and on his departure testified his 
 regard for letters. The mother of his queen, 
 and the countess of Suffolk, who with a nu- 
 merous train of ladies had accompanied him 
 
 r " Quandam propositionem brevem congratulatoriam." 
 * " Feconde et faconde satis." 
 1 " Honorifice et ordinate." 
 
 from
 
 152 THE LIFE OF 
 
 from Wodestoke, received honorary gifts 
 from the university. 
 
 SECT. XV. THE founder, who made some 
 stay at his college, was present on the 10th 
 of October at the election of bursars, which 
 had hitherto been prevented by the want of 
 statutes and other necessary arrangements. 
 The president in the preceding year had de- 
 puted Mr. Robert Bonde and Mr. Thomas 
 Chypnam to that office. Mr. John Yv ellow 
 and Mr. William Bokyrfelde were chosen 
 unanimously for the future year by the thir- 
 teen seniors; the vote of each being openly 
 and publicly demanded by the president. 
 Bonde the third bursar was to superintend in 
 the bake-house, brew-house, and slaughter- 
 house. The oath was administered to all of 
 them by the president 11 . 
 
 SECT. XVI. Tins year (1481) the union 
 of a hospital or chantry atRomney in Kent 
 
 " Registr. Coll. A. f.5. 8. 
 
 William Colct and Atwater were bursars before WeJlow and 
 Bokerticld or Euckerfield. Dr. Clerk, lib. 1662, p. 4S. 
 
 Ja Reg. A. f. 8, I read Robyrfelde; f. 48, Cokerfeld. The name 
 is Bokyrfykle, f. 10'. He died in 14S.5, when letters of admini- 
 stration to his effects were granted by Dr. Mayew. 
 
 with
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 153 
 
 with the college was completed. The ho- 
 spital had been founded for lepers by Adam 
 de Cherring, in the time of Baldwin arch- 
 bishop of Canterbury, or between the years 
 1184 and 1191? in honour of St. Stephen and 
 St. Thomas Bccket x . In 1363, it being- de- 
 
 o 
 
 cayed and forsaken, John Frauncys, then 
 patron, re-established there a master and 
 one priest. Waynflete possessed half of the 
 right to present to the chapel, with all lands, 
 tenements, meadows, and appurtenances of 
 the moiety, as long before as 1459 ; and also 
 of the whole right of John Traes, Thomas 
 Hoo, and Alexander Altham in the hospitals 
 lie probably became the sole proprietor by 
 purchase. 
 
 SECT. XVII. IT is related by Lcland z , 
 that he had been informed on testimony 
 deserving credit, that " a good part of the 
 " buildings of Eton college accrued by 
 " means and at the expense of Waynflete ; 
 " for he was a very great favourer of the 
 " work begun by king Henry, but left very 
 
 * Tanner Notit. Mon. p. 21". 
 
 y Romney. Index of Deeds. 
 
 2 Lelande, vol. ix. 33 ; vol. iv, pt. i. p. 50. 
 
 " onper-
 
 154 THE LIFE OF 
 
 " on perfect and rauly." We have evidence 
 to corroborate the assertion. He appears a 
 an annual contributor to the fabric as early 
 as the year 1449- He agreed with Orgard, 
 or Orchyerd, for the digging of a sufficient 
 quantity of stone at Iledington, to be de- 
 livered within a limited time, for the use of 
 Eton and of his own college. He also con- 
 
 o 
 
 tracted for lead for Eton b in 1482. The same 
 year (25th July) Mr. Berne, his vice-presi- 
 dent, paid by his order for the carriage of 
 stone for the chapel there from the revenue 
 of Magdalen c . It was probable that the 
 stone-work of both colleges was nearly fi- 
 nished, as the quarry at Hedington was let 
 to a mason in 1482. 
 
 SECT. XVIII. DR. Maycw returned from 
 
 * Budden, p. Jl. 
 
 b Indentura Fundatoris Eton. Jul. 25. 22 Ed. IV, 
 
 " Betwene the reverend ffader in God William bisshop of Wyn- 
 " chestre, and Johan. Woodhows of Wynefelde in the counte of 
 " Derby,, who bargains to delyver at the college of Eton, to the 
 " bp. or his assignes, vi ffodyr of ledde before next St. Bertholo- 
 " mew, to be paid vij marke for every ffbdur; xxvij marke re- 
 " ceived in advance at the time of sealing and interchanging the 
 " indentures." 
 
 e " Solut.M ro Berne pro vecturalapidum pro ecclesia de Eton, ot 
 " per billam sua manu scriptam, et signo suo sigiilat. mandate d~ni 
 " fundatoris in 1 '." Lib. Comp. 
 
 the
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 155 
 
 the founder on the 18th of July d 1482, 
 with certain ordinances and statutes : parti- 
 cularly the statute concerning the election 
 of scholars to a year of probation and ad- 
 mission to be actual fellows ; on which the 
 scholars, to whom he confided them, delibe- 
 rated during the 19th. On the next day he ad- 
 mitted twenty actual and perpetual fellows 6 . 
 Then also the first deans were elected, with 
 the unanimous consent of all the seniors of 
 the college ; Mr. William Rydall dean of 
 divinity, Mr. Thomas Kerver and Mr. Wil- 
 liam Fell, deans of the faculty of arts. The 
 president, vice-president, and three deans 
 next proceeded, as the founder and the sta- 
 tutes had directed, to the election of middle 
 commoners*, vulgarly called demys, which 
 lasted three days. On the 26th the presi- 
 dent and all the fellows proceeded to elect 
 scholars to a year of probation s . An oath, 
 
 d Registr. A. f. 15. The royal grant for the foundation is also 
 dated 1 8th July. 
 
 e " In veros et perpetuos socios, quorum nomina et agnomina 
 
 (< sequuntur, &c." 
 
 Ma rye Mawdelen College vulg. nuncupat. 
 
 f They were admitted ad medias commas, or communas, col- 
 legii. 
 
 & Sixteen masters of arts, five bachelors, were elected, all or 
 most the same as probationers in 1480. 
 
 as
 
 156 THE LIFE OF 
 
 as the statute enjoined, was required from 
 all who were chosen h . The restriction of 
 fellowships and demyships to particular 
 counties and dioceses took place, it is ap- 
 prehended, at this time'. The only quali- 
 fications before required for a demyship were, 
 to be versed in grammar, in logic, and in 
 plain chant k . The number of fellows and 
 demys was not yet fixed. Sixteen masters 
 and five bachelors of arts were elected pro- 
 bationers. At the admission of demys on 
 the 28th of July, eighteen who had attained 
 to their sixteenth year were sworn ; and all 
 these had been of the college before, in 
 commons, without the oath and statutes. 
 Their counties are specified. The first sworn 
 was Nicholas Tyeheborn of Hampshire. Se- 
 ven were admitted but not sworn, being un- 
 der age ; and four nominated, but not ad- 
 mitted. 
 
 SECT. XIX. THE same year (1482) was 
 remarkable for a disturbance, created at the 
 election of proctors for the university by 
 
 h CXith of the scholars at their admission, f. I/. Reg. 
 
 1 See their names and surnames, f. 18; also f. 32 j f. 20 to 25 ; 
 and f. 5 1 . F. 26' is the admission of a demy of Lancashire county, 
 York diocese. 
 
 k A. Wood, p. iec>. 
 
 the
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 157 
 
 the regent masters of Magdalen college. 
 Waynflete, whose interposition was required, 
 directed that the smaller should be guided 
 
 o 
 
 by the larger party. Three who refused to 
 submit to the majority and their decision, 
 were, after due deliberation, dismissed from 
 the society in consequence of his letter 1 ; 
 and the Register adds, that this conduct of 
 
 O ' 
 
 the president and masters was highly agree- 
 able to the founder 111 . The same letter, with 
 the statute which directs how dissensions 
 should be pacified, was again taken into 
 consideration by the president, officers, and 
 six seniors assembled in the hall", in 1488; 
 when they made a decree, that in future no 
 fellow or scholar should labour, or be any 
 way concerned, in obtaining the proctorship 
 for himself or another without the consent 
 of the president, or, in his absence, of the 
 vice-president, and a majority of the ma- 
 sters ; under the penalty of immediate ex- 
 pulsion, in case of perseverance after an ad- 
 monition to desist. 
 
 SECT. XX. IN the following year king 
 
 1 See Appendix, N XXII. 
 m Registr. A. 
 " Ibid. 
 
 Edward,
 
 158 THE LIFE OF 
 
 Edward, distressed by the situation of his 
 affairs foreign and domestic, fell into a deep 
 melancholy. He died April 9th, 1482, and 
 was buried on the 19th. His body was con- 
 veyed from Westminster to Eton, where it 
 was received by the procession of Windsor . 
 It was censed at the castle-gate by the arch- 
 bishop of York ; and by the bishop of Win- 
 chester, who was also present, with divers 
 great persons, when his effects were seques- 
 tered by the archbishop of Canterbury, his 
 executors not administering to his will p . 
 The body was discovered in March 1789, in 
 repairing the choir of St. George's chapel at 
 Windsor* 1 . 
 
 * Sandford's Geneal. Hist. p. 3Q2. 
 
 P Nichols's Collection of Wills. 
 
 i A particular account of this discovery, drawn up by Mr. Em- 
 lyn, may be seen in the third volume of Vetusta Monumenta, at 
 plate VII. EDITOR. 
 
 CHAP-
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 159 
 
 CHAPTER IX. 
 
 Proceedings at Oxford in the time of King 
 Richard the Third ; with the Building of the 
 Chapel and School-house at Waynflete in 
 Lincolnshire. 
 
 SECT. I-TT was affirmed and believed of 
 JL king Richard the Third, by the 
 multitude, that he had stabbed prince Ed- 
 ward after the battle of Tewksbury, had as- 
 sassinated king Henry in his bed, and had 
 compassed the destruction of the duke of 
 Clarence, his own brother. He had besides 
 recently usurped the throne, not without 
 bloodshed ; and had shut up the young king 
 Edward the Fifth and the prince, his nephews, 
 in the Tower. He was, however, as yet 
 guiltless of their murther*, when he resolved 
 
 Stow. Baker. He was crowned with his queen, July 6, 
 14S3, and afterwards visited Gloucester. On the. journey he de- 
 vised the smothering of the young king Edward Vth and his little 
 brother, in the Tower, which foul deed was perpetrated before 
 the month expired. Richard issued the same year proclamations 
 for the reformation of manners, and one is directed to the bishop of 
 Winchester. Rymer, c. xii. p. 205. 
 
 to
 
 160 THE LIFE OF 
 
 to visit Magdalen college on his way to 
 Gloucester. 
 
 In this most barbarous age, great crimes, 
 especially those of ambition and party, ap- 
 pear not to have excited general horror ; or 
 it was necessary to dissemble detestation. 
 
 */ 
 
 Whatever his feelings were, the bishop of 
 W inchcster repaired to Oxford on the twen- 
 ty-second of July to provide for the enter- 
 tainment of king Richard, and to supervise 
 the state of his college and its buildings b . 
 
 SECT. II. THE chancellor, Wydevyle, now 
 bishop of Salisbury c , with the masters re- 
 gent and non-regent, respectfully met king 
 Richard without the University on his ap- 
 proach from Windsor, on the twenty-fourth 
 of July. He was afterwards honourably re- 
 ceived and conducted in procession into 
 Magdalen college by the founder, his presi- 
 dent, and scholars; and there passed the 
 night, as also that of the day following, 
 which was the feast of St. James the apo- 
 stle ; and on the feast of St. Anne, mother 
 of Mary, he tarried until after dinner, with 
 
 k Rcgistr. A. f. 27. A. Wood, i. 233 a. 
 
 e He was made bishop while at Cumnor in 1482, A. Wood, 
 p. 413. 
 
 verv
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 161 
 
 very many of his lords spiritual and tem- 
 poral and other nobles ; as vets decent, says 
 the Register. The retinue of the king con- 
 sisted of the bishop of Durham (who by his 
 order was soon after made chancellor of the 
 university in the room of Wydevyle), the 
 bishops of Worcester and St. Asaph, the bi- 
 shop elect of St. David's, the earl of Lincoln 
 lord treasurer, the earl of Surrey lord cham- 
 berlain, the lords Lovell, Stanley, Audeley 
 and Beauchamp d , sir Richard Radclyff, and 
 many other nobles, who all were received 
 with honour by the founder, and passed the 
 night in the college. 
 
 On the day after the arrival of the king, 
 two solemn disputations were held, by his 
 order and desire, in his presence, in the col- 
 lege-hall ; the first in Moral Philosoplry, 
 Master Thomas Kerver opposing, and a ba- 
 chelor of the college responding; the other 
 in Divinitv, Mr. John Tavlor a doctor OD- 
 
 S ' */ JL 
 
 posing, and Mr. "William Grocyn master of 
 arts responding; all of whom the kino 1 re- 
 
 i ^- o 
 
 warded with magnificence and honour; giv- 
 ing to each of them a buck and money, to 
 the doctor an hundred shillings, and to his 
 
 d Bechaiu in Registr. 
 
 M com-
 
 162 THE LIFE OF 
 
 competitor five marcs ; to the other master 
 five marcs, and to the bachelor forty shil- 
 lings. He bestowed likewise on the presi- 
 dent and scholars two bucks, with five marcs 
 for wine. 
 
 The king attended public disputations in 
 the university 6 , and then proceeded to Wode- 
 stoke. He ratified, not long after, the aca- 
 demical privileges and immunities, as he had 
 promised; and, with a further view to promote 
 learning, granted free permission to foreign- 
 ers to import printed books into England for 
 sale f . He appears to have been pleased 
 with his reception at Oxford; and his gene- 
 rosity and condescension certainly gained 
 him the goodwill of the society of Magdalen, 
 as the entry in the Register ends with "vivat 
 " rex in eternum." 
 
 SECT. III. Tn is founder tarried at his col- 
 lege after the departure of the king, and de- 
 livered to the society his statutes in a body s , 
 
 still 
 
 ^ In the Univ. Register F, are several letters to Rich. III. 
 dated 14S3, Oct. 20, refers to Iiis having been at Oxford, Avhere 
 " ( pbilosophice disceptationis audiende inaudito regum exemplo cu- 
 " rani haberes." Ep. 315. See Coll. vol. ii. p. 67- 
 
 f A. Wood, Hist, ct Antiq. p. 233. 
 
 - The statutes were given in ]^7p. LeNeve, p.493. A. Wood, 
 
 p. ISC).'
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 163 
 
 still subject to his revisal, additions, and al- 
 terations. The original book was reposited 
 by his order in a chest, in the upper room of 
 a tower which he had constructed as a place 
 of security. Copies were provided for the 
 president and for the officers, who were to 
 receive them yearly on their admission, with 
 certain keys, from him. One, probably that 
 reserved by Waynflete for his own use, was 
 transmitted to his successors in the see of 
 Winchester until the vacancy made by bi- 
 shop Home; when, it being lost through 
 negligence, president Bond in 1596 pro- 
 vided a new transcript to replace it; which 
 has been superseded by another of more re- 
 cent date, being attested by the officers of 
 the college on the twentieth of August 1720. 
 
 ^3 * * 
 
 SECT. IV. OF the control exercised by 
 
 p. 18p. At the beginning of one is written " Liber Statutorum 
 " Collegii : et volo ut he-nper post rece c sum meum remaneat cum 
 <e Decano Sucre Theologie et quod dimittat eum ad manus Praesi- 
 " dis cum resignat clavessui ofncii et Stemm sumateum per manus 
 " ipsius Prsesidis in electione oificiariorutn et in juramento eorun- 
 " dem cum ille et ceteri officiarii recipiant ciaves pertinentes ad 
 
 " sua ofh'cia. 
 
 " Quaere Tabulam in fine libri. 
 
 " Verba haec Fundator sua ipsius manu exaravit." Some mar- 
 ginal notes seem of the same handwrittngj a]so part of the table 
 or index at the end. 
 
 M 2 the
 
 164 THE LIFE OF 
 
 the founder over the statutes an instance 
 occurs in the same year. He had ordained 
 that any fellow, obtaining peaceably an ec- 
 clesiastical benefice more than twelve marcs 
 in value, should be obliged either to relin- 
 quish it or to quit the college at the end of 
 a year from the time. A kind regard to the 
 merits of master William Fell, and to the 
 entreaties of his friends, induced him to per- 
 mit his retaining a benefice to which he had 
 ~ 
 
 been promoted, together with the college, for 
 one year more after resignation, a new pre- 
 sentation, and real peaceable possession ; 
 declaring, however, that, according to the 
 statute and his intention, he could have, and 
 had, no right to hold it with the college, even 
 
 ' O O ' 
 
 after a resignation and new presentation 
 made within the year : and this exposition 
 of the statute he directs to be observed 
 in future 11 . The public seal was occasionally 
 set to instruments by his mandate 1 . John 
 Wymark was admitted perpetual fellow 
 anew in 1485 by his special favour 1 '. 
 
 u Registr. A. f. 61. In 1551 the king's visitors reduced the year 
 of grace, as it is called, to only six months. MS. Harl. N6282. 
 p. 139- 
 
 fol. 20. 
 
 ' fol. 45. 
 
 SECT.
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. ics 
 
 SECT. V. BEFORE and about the year 
 1483, Oxford was subject in a remarkable 
 degree to plague or pestilence. The dis- 
 temper, whatever it was, has been attributed 
 to the multitude of students which one 
 while over-filled the city, and, when that 
 ceased, to the stagnant waters which sur- 
 rounded it; the beds of the Isis, Cherwell, 
 and rivulets, being neglected and choked 
 with rnud l . The paternal care of Waynflete 
 made him desirous to secure a convenient 
 and not distant place of refuge for his soci- 
 ety, when that, calamity, or scarcity of provi- 
 sions, should render a temporary retirement 
 from his college prudent and necessary. 
 
 William FitzAlan earl of Arundel, and 
 lord Lovell, lately made a viscount and 
 chamberlain to king Richard (whom he had 
 accompanied to Oxford), maintained each a 
 scholar at the college, and had each a chap- 
 lain to celebrate masses for him there, with 
 an allowance of two pounds a year. 
 
 The earl of Arundel, to whom the hospital 
 
 1 A. Wood, p. 233, 245. 
 
 rn From the Account-books. 
 
 Lib. Comp. 1484 is a charge for Rede, scholar of lord Lovell, for 
 six weeks, three shillings pro merenda. 
 
 In another book, for the scholar of lord Arundell for thirteen 
 weeks, six shillings and six pence. 
 
 of
 
 166 THE LIFE OF 
 
 of St. John and St. James n , founded at 
 Aynho in Northamptonshire in the time of 
 king Henry the Second, belonged, cove- 
 nanted with Waynflete in October 1483 to 
 annex it to his college ; on condition that 
 the president and scholars should keep pcr^ 
 petually a morrow-mass, to be called A run- 
 del-mass, at an altar to be named Arundel- 
 altar, for his well-being and for that of his son 
 Thomas lord Maltravers, for their ancestors 
 and successors for ever; also, after his demise 
 or that of his son, a solemn obit, dirge, and 
 mass yearly ; that the doctors and masters of 
 the college, preaching in the university and at 
 St. Paul's Cross in London, should pray for 
 
 the o'ood estate of the earl while living;, and 
 
 O O' 
 
 for his soul when departed ; and that he and 
 lord Maltravers and their heirs should have 
 " partycypation and be parteners off all 
 " maner off prayers and suffrages doon or 
 " to be doon by all or by any persone off 
 " the seyd college in devvne servyce, masse, 
 
 J O *> J ~ 
 
 a doctrine, and almes, or odyr wysc." 
 
 n Tanner Notit. Mon.383. He refers to two inquisitions into 
 the state of the hospital, which may be worth consulting ; one in 
 1281 in the register of Olive: Sutton, and another about 1423 in 
 that of Richard Fleming, bishop of Lincoln. 
 
 Rcgistr. Coll. A. p. 35. 
 
 At
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 1G7 
 
 At Brackley in the same county was an 
 hospital dedicated to St. James and St. John, 
 which, as appears from an inquisition p taken 
 in July 1423, had been occupied by brethren 
 or fellows, and by paupers. The former 
 were not of any order, but lived as secular 
 chaplains, with no tokens of a religion ex- 
 cept the tonsure and a common seal. They 
 appointed the master or warden by canoni- 
 cal election. He was not required to reside 
 continually. It was necessary for his quali- 
 fication that he should be in some of the 
 holy orders, but in which was then uncer- 
 tain; and the office was compatible with any 
 benefice with or without cure. At the time 
 above specified no brother or fellow remain- 
 ed ; and the mastership becoming vacant, 
 the king presented a clerk to be admitted 
 by the ordinary, the patron William lord 
 Lovell and de Holand bein^ a minor. The 
 
 o 
 
 hospital was founded anew by this nobleman 
 in 1425, and, with his approbation, received 
 
 statutes for its government from the arch- 
 
 ~ 
 
 bishop of Canterbury, who also visited it. 
 Francis lord viscount Lovell was now the pro- 
 prietor, and, it having probably fallen again 
 
 P Registr. Lincoln. A.D. 1423, 
 
 into
 
 168 THE LIFE OF 
 
 into decay or disuse, he parted with it by 
 bargain and sale to Waynflete, and vested 
 in him the advowson with an acre of land, 
 in February 1483. The two hospitals, with 
 the chapel of Wanborough, which had also 
 belonged to lord Lovell, were united, after 
 the usual process, to Magdalen college, by 
 the bishops of Lincoln and Salisbury q . 
 
 It is likely that Waynflete saw his society 
 make use of the asvlums which lie had so 
 
 v< 
 
 kindly provided for it, as the disorder raged 
 again with uncommon violence in 1485, 
 when he was yet living 1 ". The old account- 
 books and registers of the college show that 
 afterwards these hospitals often received 
 some of its members ; and particularly in 
 July 1571? when we find an election held at 
 Brackley, with an admission of fellows and 
 demys in the great hall 5 . There was also a 
 school for the younger members ; provided, 
 as the learned Laurence Humfrey then 
 president asserts, by Waynflete; and a sti- 
 
 i Brackley, B.7. 228. C. 62. Appropriationes 16. 1. 2. Wain- 
 bergh, N 8. N 29 a . N 32. Index. Registr. A. f. 35. 
 
 Brackley, B. 8. is a deed containing the union of the hospital with 
 the college. 
 
 r Also in MQ3, 1507, 1500, 1511, 1512, 1514. 
 
 ' Lib. Registr. 3 tiuai Elect, et Admiss. 
 
 pend
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 169 
 
 pend is still continued by the society to 
 a master*. 
 
 SECT. VI. WAYNFLETE, the birth-place 
 of the bishop and the seat of his family, now 
 consists of one principal street, in which is 
 a decent inn. The base and a portion of the 
 shaft of a cross remains in the part where the 
 market is held. It is described byLeland" 
 as a pretty, and as having been a very good, 
 town; with two parish churches; standing 
 on a creek, with small vessels belono-ino- to 
 
 O C5 
 
 it. The coast there has received a great ac- 
 cession of land from the sea, according to 
 
 .Stukelev* who tells us that the Roman citv 
 
 / ' / 
 
 (Navione or Vainona) was higher up by the 
 churches, or above a mile from the present 
 town. The creek, as described by Lelaud, 
 after entering a considerable way, and cast- 
 ing out on each side an armelet into the 
 fens, made a little moorish lake at its head. 
 
 * Lib. Comp. 1488. Sumrna com mun. 4 li Term, minus propter 
 absentiam Soc. et Schol. metu pestis. 
 
 1517- Solut. Mag. Bird equitanti ad Brackley pro supervis. lec- 
 torum et victuum pro Sociis et Scholasticis 3s. 1 id. 
 
 1537. Sol. equitanti Brackleam ad preparanda cubicula Socio- 
 rum 2s. 6d. 
 
 " Itin. vii. pt. 3. p. 50. pi. ii. Appendix, p. 204. 
 
 x Itin.i. 26. 
 
 The
 
 170 THE LIFE OF 
 
 The haven in the time of the Romans was, 
 says Stukelcy, " near St. Thomas' church, 
 " now called North-holm; is still very deep 
 " thereabouts, and appears to have been 
 " broad ; being a pretty good river whilst 
 " the waters of the east fen ran through it 
 " and kept it open. It was thirty feet wide 
 " above the churches, as appears by the old 
 " clows there ; for they had wisely contrived 
 " by that means to keep out the salt water 
 " and heighten the fresh ; which, no doubt, 
 " would have preserved the haven to this 
 " day, had they not foolishly suffered the 
 " east fen waters to be carried to Boston/' 
 
 SECT. VII. THE bishop possessed certain 
 lands and tenements at Waynflete, which 
 "William Aulckar and Richard Bennington 
 had devised to him by will, 10th May 147o, 
 (15 Edw. IV.) He was desirous, by planting 
 grammar learning in the place of his nati- 
 vity, to extend it in the northern provinces 
 of the kingdom ; and resolved to erect there 
 a school and chapel, as he had done near his 
 college. lie employed master John Gigur y , 
 warden of Merton college, Oxford, and of 
 
 y He was buried on the north side of the chancel at Tateshale, 
 See his epitaph, MS. Harl. N 6829. p. 18(5. 
 
 the
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 171 
 
 the college at Tateshale in Lincolnshire, to 
 procure a site and to contract with work- 
 men for the building; and the indenture 2 
 for the carpentry is dated the twenty-fifth 
 of April 1484, (1 Ric. III.) He conveyed 
 to the same person the property before men- 
 tioned, to be made over by him to the pre- 
 sident and scholars of Magdalen a for the en- 
 
 o 
 
 dowment. This amounted to ten pounds a 
 year in land, as we are told by the antiquary 
 Lcland b ; the sum assigned to the head-master 
 for his salary, by Wykeham at Winchester, 
 king Henry at Eton, Waynflete at Magda- 
 len ; and at St. Paul's, if I mistake not, by 
 dean Colet. In 1579 Robert Woolbie added 
 by his will forty shillings a year for ever to 
 the stipend c . 
 
 SECT. VIII. THE edifice, which stands on 
 the south side of the town, is handsomely 
 constructed with brick. The length is se- 
 
 o 
 
 venty-six feet, the breadth twenty-six. It 
 consists of two stories ; and appears to have 
 been designed for only two rooms ; unless a 
 
 - See Appendix, N XXIII, XXIV. 
 
 * Candlesby, N 53. Index. 
 h Lelandltin. vii. 50, 204. 
 
 c Blome's Britannia, p. 144. 
 
 room
 
 172 THE LIFE OF 
 
 room twenty feet by eighteen, divided by a 
 partition of solid brickwork, toward the east 
 end of the lower story, belonged to the ori- 
 ginal plan. It has two towers, which pro- 
 ject at the west end. In the northern is the 
 stair-case; in the other a bell, with an in- 
 scription round the crown, in old capital 
 letters d 
 
 + AVE MARIA GR A SIA PLENA 
 in which a mistake in one word may be im- 
 puted to inadvertency or ignorance. Per- 
 haps the lower story was intended for the 
 school, and an apartment for the master. 
 It now affords a comfortable habitation to 
 him and his family. The upper is the present 
 school-room, seventy feet long and twenty 
 broad, with six windows on each side and two 
 
 d Mr. Pickburn, and Vetust. Mon. vol. iii. 
 
 The free school, founded in 1459, was orginally intended as a 
 chapel, endowed with a pretty good revenue, to pray for his own 
 soul, and the souls of his ancestors. 
 
 The endowment of this school is seventeen marks a year for a 
 master to teach grammar learning (i. e. Greek and Latin). Mag- 
 dalen college, Oxford, to whom the school and the appointment 
 of master belong, repaired the building in 1/55. A pulpit and seat 
 still remain in it, though disused. The school is kept at the east 
 end. 
 
 In the east window was (in 1629) the portrait of the bishop, with 
 his arms, and Vulnera, &c., which was twice repeated in the west 
 window. 
 
 large
 
 1 1
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 173 
 
 large ones in the ends. The former have been 
 filled with lilies painted on single panes, of 
 which more than an hundred remain, irreim- 
 
 ' O 
 
 larly scattered ; some very clear, others ob- 
 scure, inverted or upright, as they happened 
 to be put together in repairing. All the 
 windows have been strongly ironed; and 
 those below have had very massive shutters 
 on the inside, as appears from the iron hooks 
 left in the wall. The civil war and the li- 
 cence of the barons had rendered precaution 
 necessary. It was unsafe to abide in a d well- 
 ins; not barricaded or fortified. A man's 
 
 o 
 
 house was indeed his castle. What an age 
 to live in ! 
 
 The painted glass of the two large win- 
 dow's of the upper story was removed, orde- 
 stroved. before August 1755. In 1629 the 
 
 / o 
 
 arms of the founder were extant in that at 
 the west end, in two places ; in that at the 
 east, in one. His portrait was also visible 
 in the latter, with the following verse e : 
 
 " Vuluera qutnque Dei sint raedicina mei !" 
 
 which it is likely had been preceded by an 
 hexameter, likewise in monkish rime, mak- 
 
 e MS. Had N6S29, p. 214. 
 
 ing
 
 174 THE LIFE OF 
 
 ing mention of the five joys of the virgin 
 Mary. 
 
 The five wounds of Christ were of great 
 celebrity in the papal church. They were 
 displayed with a chalice on the banner of the 
 rebels who advanced from the north, brand- 
 ishing a cross before them, in the time of 
 queen Elizabeth f . The office of the mass to 
 be celebrated in commemoration of them 
 was, according to the rubric, delivered to Bo- 
 niface bishop of Rome by the angel Raphael 
 in person, who told him, among other extra- 
 ordinary things, that, if it were used for the 
 dead, as soon as it should be ended five times 
 the soul should be freed from purgatory. 
 Waynflete, who believed in its efficacy, or- 
 dered, as will be seen by his testament, that it 
 should be said for him five thousand times. 
 
 An altar after the Romish fashion, with an 
 image, probably of Mary Magdalen, ad- 
 orned I suppose one end of the upper room, 
 which was the chapel ; and was removed at 
 the time of the Reformation. A pulpit and 
 reading-desk remain, but fixt on the tops 
 of two scholar-scats, and visibly of later 
 construction. Though not intended for a 
 
 ( Life of Gilpin, p. 23p. See Hist, of Eliz.
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 175 
 
 place of general public worship, it is used 
 instead of the church, which is above a mile 
 distant from the town, every other Sunday 
 during the winter-season ; and it has accom- 
 modations sufficient for as large a conore- 
 
 O O 
 
 gation as commonly assembles in the neigh- 
 bourhood. This practice, after being discon- 
 tinued many years, was resumed in 1785. 
 
 Leland s , who has remarked that the ha- 
 ven was then decaying, informs us that in 
 the memory of man shippelets had come up 
 to the school, which he styles "the most nota- 
 " ble thing" at Waynflete. The fabric con- 
 tinues the principal ornament of the town ; 
 which is commonly mentioned likewise by 
 later writers, as remarkable for its excellent 
 good free-school; and I shall add, since Au- 
 gust 1755 for an excellent good master, Mr. 
 John Pickburn. But to return to Oxford : 
 
 SECT. IX. Ix 1484 the advowson of the 
 parsonage of Slimbridge in Gloucestershire 
 and of Findon in Sussex was vested in Way ri- 
 fle te by the earl of Notyngham, on condi- 
 tion that he and Johanna his wife should, 
 while living, have daily participation of all 
 
 6 Itin. vii. 50, 204. 
 
 the
 
 176 THE LIFE OF 
 
 the prayers and suffrages to be used in the 
 chapel of the college ; that intercession 
 should be made for ever for their souls, for 
 that of Thomas late lord Berkeley, and 
 those of James and Isabella his parents ; 
 also, that on the decease of the earl, or his 
 wife, the president and scholars should, at 
 a convenient time after the knowledge of it, 
 
 o 
 
 keep solemnly on the morrow an Obit De pla- 
 cebo and Dirige and mass De requiem, per 
 notam. Learning had long been chiefly in 
 the possession of ecclesiastics 11 , and the lay 
 lawyers, it should seem, still laboured under 
 the imputation of ignorance ; for the margin 
 of the College Register informs us that this 
 agreement was not drawn by the lawyers of 
 the founder, but of the earl ; and adds, " Igi- 
 " tur noli inirari de Latinitate." 
 
 SECT. X. W A Y N F L E T E , as bishop of Wi i \- 
 chester, was patron of the priory of Sele- 
 burn in Hampshire, founded by the famous 
 military bishop Peter de Rupibus in 1233 
 for canons regular of the order of St. Austin l . 
 
 Wyke- 
 
 u See I.mvth. 
 
 1 Astivyck and Evenly, N 120 a . A bill exhibited Jun. 25th, 
 2g Hen. VIII. in the behalf of Magdalen college, specifying certain 
 
 bulles
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 177 
 
 Wykeham in 1387 had endeavoured to make 
 these monks conform to their institution ; 
 but they neglected his ordinances, relapsed 
 into their former bad conduct, were again 
 reduced in number, and had suffered such 
 manifest ruin and notorious dilapidation on 
 their premises, that in 1462 Waynflete se- 
 questered the revenues to repair the priory 
 and its appurtenances k . He continued to 
 labour, after the example of Wykeham, to 
 restore and uphold the convent : but the 
 society dwindled away ; no prior or other 
 canon regular, incorporated, was resident 
 there ; the neglect of the rules of the order 
 and of religion had occasioned great scandal ; 
 and in a. multitude of instances the rents and 
 profits were applied to the uses of laymen. 
 The bishop, full of pastoral solicitude, and 
 of pious compassion for the founder Peter 
 de Rupibus, had been diligent, as he tells 
 
 bullcs of popes for the suppressing of certain prioryesand hospitals, 
 as that of Seale, Selborne, Romeney, Erackley and Aynho, the 
 chapel of St. Catharine in Wanborough, St. John's hospital in Oxon, 
 and uniting them to the college, as also the exemption from the bi- 
 shop of Lincoln, and the converting of the remainder of the goods 
 of Sir John Fastolf to the uses of the college. 
 
 See White. Hist, of Selborn. 
 
 k Registr. Waynflete. 
 
 N US,
 
 178 THE LIFE OF 
 
 us, in his own person and by his officers to 
 remedy the evil. Ife had punished the mal- 
 administration of some priors by removing 
 them, and had appointed governors in whose 
 care and circumspection lie could confide. 
 His exertions had produced so little effect, 
 that, considering the badness of the times, 
 as he informs us, and from what was passed, 
 fearing and anticipating the future, he was 
 led utterly to despair of the possibility of 
 establishing there again, either the order of 
 St. Austin or any other, so as to answer the 
 intention of Peter de Rupibus. Such being 
 the situation of the convent and its visitor, 
 it was resolved, on a petition of the presi- 
 dent and scholars of Magdalen representing 
 the insufficiency of their revenues for their 
 maintenance, to annex the foundation to 
 the college. The bishop, with the concur- 
 rence of the chapter of Wynton, directed 
 commissaries in September 1484 to confirm 
 the appropriation to them, so that, on the 
 cession or vacancy of the priorship, they 
 might enter on the premises, by their attor- 
 ney. The process, probably from some 
 flaw, was repeated in 148.5, when the society 
 of Magdalen consisted of a president, eighty 
 
 scholars,
 
 "WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 179 
 
 scholars, sixteen choristers, and thirteen 
 servitors 1 . It remained to obtain the sanc- 
 tion of the Pope ; and the agent at Home 
 met with difficulty, from a plea, that the or- 
 dinary not haying power to unite a regular 
 with a secular benefice, the college had not 
 been entitled to receive the income of the 
 priory, but must refund it into the apostolic 
 chamber. The same demand was made for 
 the chapel of Wanborough. The business 
 was protracted until June. 14S6, a few weeks 
 before the death of Waynflete, when the 
 bulle was issued. '] lie society afterwards 
 maintained there a chantry-priest, to &ay 
 masses for the souls* of all the benefactors of 
 the priory and college, and of all th 1 . faith- 
 ful defunct, lie was allowed two chambers 
 adjoining to the chapel, with conveniences 
 for his residence, and a clerk to assist at tiie 
 altar and in the superintendency of their 
 possessions m . 
 
 A transaction which met with no oppo- 
 sition at home, and was generally approved 
 of at the time, has been mentioned by a 
 writer or two n of this age in a manner that 
 
 1 See Allegation in the Process before the Commissaries, 1-4 S3. 
 
 :n Seleburn, N 35(J. Index. 
 
 n Preface to Tanner's Xotit. Mon. Ar.gl. p. xxxiv. Grose. 
 
 x C 2 conveys
 
 180 THE LIFE OF 
 
 conveys an oblique censure on the bishop* 
 \Ve are told that he got the priory settled on 
 his college, though the founder had carefully 
 forbidden .suck alienation : but we are not 
 told, what is equally true, that the institution 
 of Peter de Rupibus, after languishing for a 
 long period, had finally expired ; and that 
 the revenues of his priory, if they had not 
 been appropriated to a college, must have 
 been diverted to some other, probably to a 
 more unworthy purpose. Add too, that his 
 principal end in the endowment, which was 
 to have the benefit of masses and prayers for 
 his soul, and which had been frustrated at 
 Seleburn, was better answered and secured 
 by the transfer to Magdalen college, where 
 
 / O O ' 
 
 they continued to be celebrated until the 
 Reformation, and where Peter de Rupibus 
 is still commemorated. 
 
 We may further remark here, it has been 
 asked r , " who has ever blamed Chicheley, 
 and other excellent men and 
 
 " Firmiter inhibentes, ne quis eorum possessiones invadere vi 
 " vel fraudevel higenio malo occupare audeat, vel etiam retinere." 
 
 Mon. Angl. t. ii. p. 343. 
 
 P A. Wood, p. 247. 
 
 3/ Hen. VI. For North Ingleby, Saltfletby, Somercotts, &c. 
 Waynflete paid 300. to Gervas Clyfton, knt. Index, p. 34. 
 
 " muni-
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 181 
 
 " munificent founders, for erecting and en- 
 " dowing tlieir colleges on the ruins, and 
 " with the spoils, of the alien monasteries 
 " which had been confiscated ?" Waynflete, 
 it is apprehended, is introduced without rea- 
 son, not having been, as far as I have disco- 
 vered, of that number. 
 
 CHAP-
 
 182 THE LIFE OF 
 
 CHAPTER X. 
 
 Of Magdalen College, Oxford, 
 
 SECT. I. ^T^IIE scandalous lives of the 
 -- monastic clergy, were a topic 
 largely insisted on by Wickliffe and his fol- 
 lowers. The visitations of his diocese by 
 Vvaynflcte as ordinary, had furnished him 
 with evidence of their bad conduct, and its 
 influence on his mind is explained by his 
 OWP. pen a . He relates, that he had carefully 
 inspected the traditions of the ancient fa- 
 thers, and the various approved rules of the 
 saints; and that he had been grieved, on a 
 survey of their numerous professors, to find 
 the institutions were no longer observed, as 
 formerly, according to the intention of the 
 founders ; that, disturbed on this account, 
 he had seen clearly, it were better for him to 
 dispense his temporal eoods with his own 
 
 I I o 
 
 hands to the poor, than to appropriate and 
 
 a Lib. Statut. in fine. 
 
 confirm
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 183 
 
 confirm them in perpetuity to the uses of 
 the imprudent, bringing danger on the souls 
 of many by their violating his ordinances : 
 but after long wavering, and most devoutly 
 invoking the divine assistance, he had fixed 
 his eyes inflexibly on the affording of aid 
 and relief to poor scholars, clerks, living in 
 the schools ; with a firm hope that men of 
 letters and science, fearing God, would, be- 
 fore others, observe his statutes; and had 
 finally determined to lighten the burthen 
 of their necessities, by lending to it the as- 
 sistance of compassion to the best of his 
 ability. "With these sentiments, confiding 
 in the great Maker of all things, who knows, 
 directs, and disposes the wishes of those who 
 trust in him, he resolved, out of the goods 
 which the favour of his plenitude had be- 
 stowed on him in abundance, to establish, 
 by royal and apostolic authority, one perpe- 
 tual college, to be called St. Marv Magdalen 
 
 O J v O 
 
 college, in the university of Oxford, for poor 
 and needy scholars, clerks; who should be 
 required to study, and make proficiency in 
 divers sciences and faculties ; to the praise 
 and glory and honour of Christ, his virgin- 
 mother, the blessed St. Mary Magdalen, 
 St. John Baptist, the apostles Peter and 
 
 Pau
 
 184 THE LIFE OF 
 
 Paul, St. S within the Confessor, and the 
 other saints patrons of the cathedral of Win- 
 chester, and of all saints; for the mainte- 
 nance and exaltation of the Christian faith, 
 for the profit of the church, and for the aug- 
 mentation of divine worship, and of the li- 
 beral arts, sciences and faculties b . 
 
 Waynflete expended a considerable c sum- 
 on the embattled wall d now inclosing the 
 
 O 
 
 grove, the alterations of the hospital, and 
 the fabric of his college; which has under-? 
 gone some changes in a long series of years, 
 not to mention the additional buildings ; hut 
 still exists a curious monument of the age in 
 which it was erected. 
 
 The portal or grand entrance of the qua- 
 drangle is decorated with the statues of the 
 
 O 
 
 two founders of the hospital and college, 
 and of their patron-saints ; Waynrlete kneel- 
 ing in prayer; king Henry the Third ; Mary 
 Magdalen; and St. John Baptist. These all 
 again occur, in small but elegant figures, 
 over the great or western door of the chapel; 
 Waynflete kneeling as before, and as he is 
 
 b Lib. Statut. in initio. 
 
 c See account preserved ia a chest in the lower room of the 
 Tower. 
 
 d A. Wood. Gutch, p. 3 10. 
 
 represented
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 185 
 
 represented on the seals of the hall and col- 
 lege ; with bishop Wykeham on his right 
 hand, (which is remarkable,) and Mary Mag- 
 dalen in the middle. On each side of the 
 chapel-door, near the cloister, is an angel 
 carved in relievo, holding a scroll, with diffi- 
 cult characters painted and gilded; one with 
 the motto of tiie founder, (fT denoting F) 
 
 ffecit mihi magna qui potens est ! 
 
 the other with a passage from Gen.xxviii. 17. 
 
 Hie est domus Dei et porta cell* ; 
 
 which was formerly exhibited by an ano-el 
 
 J J O 
 
 in like manner near the entrance of the cha- 
 pel at New college f . In the centre of the 
 arch of the stone-roof by this door is a small 
 figure of an aged bishop in his pontificals, 
 with a cross raised in his left hand, the fingers 
 of his right, disposed according to the usage 
 of the Romish church in giving the benedic- 
 
 O 
 
 tion. He is between two angels with wi 
 
 e Porta celi : si nto, an " sic ito" : I am not satisfied about the 
 reading in italics. 
 
 Gen. xxviii. 10. " And Jacob awaked out of his sleep, and he 
 " said, Surely the Lord is in th'.s place ; and I knew it not. 
 
 17. " And he was afraid, and said, How dreadful is this place ! 
 " This is none other but the house of God, and this is the gate of 
 ''' heaven." 
 
 f (Before 1636.) A, Wood. Gutch, p. 199, 
 
 such
 
 186 THE LIFE OF 
 
 such as may be seen supporting the arms of 
 Waynflete in the cloister, by the library, 
 and in various other places. Portraits or 
 busts of kings and bishops, now disregarded 
 and without a name, adorn the inside of the 
 chapel and hall, both which are spacious 
 and handsome. Grotesque or emblematical 
 figures, not understood by Dr. Bud den , are 
 disposed round the quadrangle. The spouts, 
 roofs, windows and doors, have their carve- 
 work. Toward the street is a monk in a 
 cowl ; as has been noticed, I think, at Lin- 
 coln or some other college. Among the ar- 
 morial bearings are the royal, the rose with 
 a radiated sun or star, the plume of ostrich 
 feathers, the portcullis, and those of the see 
 of Winchester and of the founder. The in- 
 itials of his name (W AV) occur in cypher; 
 and his favourite lilies are frequently intro- 
 duced. 
 
 The magnificence as well as piety of 
 "Waynflete was diplayed in the chapel. Tl.e 
 windows, alter the fashion which had pre- 
 vailed from the time of Henry the .Fourth, 
 were adorned with portraits and painting on 
 
 s Buclden, p. //. " Vivis animalium figuris tibicines, occultuiu 
 " nescio qui J el hieroglyphicum signiiicantibus exornantur." 
 
 the
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 187 
 
 the g;lass h . It was rich in missals, manuals, 
 
 O ' 
 
 martyrologies, antiphonaries, and books of 
 devotion, some finely ornamented ; in crosses 
 gilded or set with precious stones, some in- 
 closing a portion of the real wood ; in cha- 
 lices, of which one was given by president 
 Mayew, and another by master Thomas Ker- 
 ver; and in all sorts of sacred utensils, many 
 valuable for the materials and of curious 
 workmanship ; in copes and sacerdotal vest- 
 ments, some of damask, velvet, and gold- 
 tissue, of various colours, decorated with 
 pearls, and embroidered, some with the 
 anus of Waynflete, some with lilies and 
 other flowers, with birds, animals, and de- 
 vices; with images representing angels and 
 holy persons, the crucifixion, and scriptural 
 stories ; besides canopies, curtains, stand- 
 ards, streamers, linen, and a multiplicity of 
 articles used by the Romish church in great 
 abundance for the hi oh altar, and the altars 
 
 n The portraits on glass in the windows of All Souls painted in 
 the reign of Henry VI. Walpole's Anecdotes of Painting, vol. i. 
 
 Portraits of Wayniiete, perhaps on the glass in his chapel as at 
 "Waynflete : as king Henry VI. in windows of his chapel, &c. at 
 Cambridge. 
 
 Many portraits of this king on board at Kensington. Walpole. 
 
 in
 
 183 THE LIFE OF 
 
 in the nave of the chapel, in all six'; and 
 for the chapel of the president. Two inven- 
 tories k of these sacred effects are extant; 
 and mention is made of oblations before the 
 image of St. Mary Magdalen ', which pro-* 
 bably graced the high altar. 
 
 The art of printing, exercised at Mentz 
 in Germany m about the year 1442, had been 
 rapidly propagated in other countries on the 
 dispersion of its professors in 146'2. It was 
 established in England ; and the version of 
 
 1 Registr. A. f. 71. 12 Hen. VII. " Pro le Vellom pro 6 ta- 
 " bulls positis super altaria in ecclesia, in quibus Benefactorum 
 " nomina scribuntur, xxi d ." Lib. Comp. 
 
 k One an indenture between pres. Mayew with the officers, and 
 Tho. Goff, sacrist; of which a transcript may be seen in MS. Harl. 
 N4240, p. 4. 
 
 The two rolls are preserved in the great chest in the upper 
 room of the Tower. 
 
 The first taken 10 Hen. VII. Registr. A. f. 6l. 
 
 1 Pro oblationibus coram ymagine S. M. Magd. ll rt . Lib., 
 Comp. 7 Hen. VII. 
 
 1. Antiphonaria : unum magnum pro organis ; unum aliud 
 canthenatum in navi capellae, &c. 
 
 2. Item unum monstrale deaur. cum parva cruce in cacumine. 
 Item unam pulchram tabulam ex una parte anamellyde, 
 
 interias autem subtilissima sculptura in ebore de passione 
 Dai. 
 
 3. Item aliam (casulam) in qua scribitur Orate pro anima 
 
 Joins Franke. 
 w Origin of Printing, by Nichols, London^ 1776. 
 
 Tully
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 189 
 
 Tully De Senectute by William Wyrcestre 
 was published in 1481 by the famous Cax- 
 ton, who had been recommended to kino- 
 
 <r> 
 
 Edward by carl Rivers, brother of his queen, 
 and was permitted to set up his presses in 
 Westminster abbey n . The Grammar of Lci- 
 lont was probably printed at the same place, 
 or at Oxford, or St. A 1 bans, nearly at the 
 same time. One of the epigrams prefixed to 
 it by Carmelian , an ecclesiastic and poet- 
 laureat in favour with the king, is addressed 
 to Waynrlete. A succession of eminent 
 persons had pursued and promoted learning, 
 especially on the continent, where authors 
 had greatly multiplied in consequence of 
 the discovery and practice of typography. 
 Waynrletc, as might be expected from a 
 lover of literature, and the founder of a col- 
 
 n Catalogue of Royal and Noble Authors. 
 The entire epigram was obligingly communicated to me by 
 Mr. Warton. It is the second. Carmelian was ordained deacon 
 in 1489. See Tanner Bib 1. in V. or Bayle Diet, in V. 
 
 Ejusdem in Laudem Reverendi Domini Gulielmi Episcopi Win- 
 
 tonise Carmen. 
 Te Gulielme pater, multum celeberrime, qui nunc 
 
 Ecclesias presul Wintoniensis ades, 
 Fama canet ; tantos et te celebrabit in annos 
 
 Dum fuerit stabili firmus in axe polus. 
 Hoc opus auctor enim, te persuadente, Joannes 
 Edidit : unde tibi fama perennis crit. 
 
 lege 
 
 o
 
 190 THE LIFE OF 
 
 lege for its advancement, had been attentive 
 to provide an ample collection of books for 
 the permanent use of the successive members 
 of his society ; and it is likely that his rank 
 and reputation, his zai\ and liberality, co- 
 operated to forward the accomplishment of 
 his desire; that, besides purchases, he re- 
 ceived many as the tribute of esteem, of 
 gratitude, or expectation. When he visited 
 his college in 1481, he sent before him a 
 
 o 
 
 very great quantity, we are told, for the 
 new library; eight hundred volumes P, or 
 about that number, exclusive of such as 
 were already there, given or bequeathed by 
 sundry benefactors. Many of them must 
 have been first editions, or manuscripts ; 
 some witli illuminations, raid, as the fashion 
 then was, expensive ornaments of silver. 
 A descriptive catalogue of this single de- 
 posit, if preserved, would, it is probable, 
 enlarge our biblical knowledge, and be ac- 
 
 O O * 
 
 ceptable both to the typographical annalist 
 and general antiquarian. 
 
 SECT. II. THE society was finally fixed 
 to consist of a president ; forty scholars, 
 
 '' Eighty volumes. Ayliffe, vol. i. p, 351. 
 
 clerks,
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 191 
 
 clerks, including the three stipulated for by 
 Ingledew and Forman ; thirty scholars, com- 
 monly called Demys because they were 
 originally admitted to halt-commons; four 
 presbyters, chaplains ; eight clerks, and six- 
 teen choristers ; besides servants and other 
 dependents. The schoolmaster and usher 
 were to be allowed each a y early stipend of 
 one hundred shillings, besides chambers and 
 weekly commons. A person was to be hired 
 to teach the choristers. A clerk of accounts 
 was to be provided and agreed with by the 
 president and bursars. Bailiffs were to be 
 appointed who lived on the manors, and 
 had frequent opportunities of seeing the 
 lands and tenements. The two porters were 
 to be likewise barbers, and to shave dili- 
 gently the president and the other members 
 of the college ; and in the old account-books 
 charges occur for the neccssarv implements. 
 
 O / 1 
 
 To perpetuate the number of the forty, 
 Waynflete directed the vacancies to be filled 
 annually with bachelors or masters of arts, 
 competently skilled in plain chant, having 
 the first clerical tonsure, fit and disposed for 
 the priesthood; to which every master, if 
 not a student in civil law or physic, was to 
 proceed within the year after the completion 
 
 of
 
 192 THE LIFE OF 
 
 of his regency, unless some legal impedi- 
 ment subsisted. The masters promoted to 
 the priesthood were speedily to be instructed 
 in the devout celebration of mass. They 
 were forbidden, while collegiates, to per- 
 form it elsewhere by way of annual service, 
 or to accept of any stipend or salary ; but 
 with permission to serve the cure of Hors- 
 path near Oxford, and to receive for offi- 
 ciating at it in the chapel. The succession of 
 the forty he annexed to certain dioceses and 
 counties, from which the candidates were to 
 be chosen to a year of probation before they 
 could be admitted real fellows. 
 From the diocese of AVinton, five ; 
 county of Lincoln, seven ; 
 Oxford, four ; 
 Berks, three ; 
 diocese of Norwich, four; 
 
 Chichcster, two ; 
 county of Gloucester, two; 
 
 Warwick,, two ; 
 
 from the counties of Bucks, Kent, Noting- 
 ham, Essex, Somerset, London, Northamp- 
 ton, Wilts, each one; from the county of 
 York, one; and from the diocese of York and 
 Durham, two. It was probably intended, 
 by this restriction, to preclude a partiality, 
 
 similar
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 193 
 
 similar to that at Cambridge, of Millington 
 the first provost of the King's college, which 
 Wa ynflete had condemned and combated ; 
 and from which, if not guarded against, he 
 was fearful that his munificence, instead of 
 beino- widely diffusive, would be contracted 
 and confined within a narrow boundary. 
 
 'I he thir'y scholars, or demys, were to be 
 chosen not under twelve years of age, with 
 a preference first to the parishes and places, 
 and next to the counties, in which the col- 
 lege should have possessions acquired in his 
 
 lifetime P. 
 
 SECT. 
 
 f " De Electione Scholarium vocatorum Dcinyes. 
 
 <( quorum electionem fieri volumus in crastino festi beats) 
 
 " Mariae Magdalenae, vel infra tres dies immediate sequentes in 
 " Collegio nostro praedicto per Presidentem, Vicepresidentem, et 
 " tres Decanos in forma sequent! : viz. Primo de parochiis et locis 
 " quibus possessiones nostri Coll. vigent, ac deinde de comitatibus, 
 " in quibus noitri Coll. possessiones existunt. Et ille pro electo 
 " habeatur, in quern Presidens, Vicepresidens, et tres Decani, vel 
 " Presidens et alii duodictorum eligentium consenserint. Prasterea 
 " quia debile fundamentum fallit opus, ut experientia docet, ac 
 " etiam.ut intelleximus, quodquidam de nostris triginta scholaribus 
 "' his diebus priusquam in grammatica, quae omnium scientiarum 
 " mater et fundamentum esse dignoscitur, suilicienter instructi 
 " fuerint j immature divertere solent ad logicalia et sophisticalia, 
 " statuimus igitur ordinamus et volumus, quod nullus eorundem de 
 " cietero adrnittatur ad sophistriam et logicam, vel ad aliam scien- 
 
 o " tiam
 
 THE LIFE OF 
 
 SECT. III. Ix a review of the devotional 
 regulations and of the establishment of di- 
 vine worship in the society, the reader, who 
 remembers that Y\ aynflete lived in the fif- 
 teenth century, will expect to meet with a 
 copious provision of masses and prayers to be 
 said for the founder and oilier persons; some, 
 whose title to this distinction is sufficiently 
 obvious, and a few about whom no in for-- 
 mation lias occurred. lie had received do- 
 nations by will or otherwise 1 ', without com- 
 
 " thru nisi prius juclicio Presidents et Mngistri informatoris in 
 " grammatics, ac alicujus Decanorum nostri Coll. memorati, ad id 
 " habilis et sutlieiens requiratur." 
 
 In the last statute, entitled, " Finis et Conclusio omnium Statu- 
 " forum," the following 'provision is added : " Volumus etiam 
 " quod (juotits in statiuis nostr : s (it mentio de Comitatibus in qni- 
 " bus bona Collegii vigcnt, quod tune addatur et expriruatur et 
 " intelligatur, viz, de bonis pcrquisitis pro Coilcgio noslro et ob- 
 if tentis dom superstites luerinius in l;ae vita." li. 
 
 i But in Sir John Fastoir.s v.Tii, to which the bishop was the 
 first executor, a college, or chantry for his soul to bc j prayed ior, 
 had been provided ; which clnnfry he aiteruartls founded in Mag- 
 dalen college. "WiKiam V/'orc'estre, in his letter to Margaiet Pas- 
 ton, expresses a \vi.-h that it may be founded at Cambridge, with 
 the value of good benefices and rich parsonages, the advowsons of 
 which, he observes, may be purchased with " nioch lesse goodes 
 " then lordshyppes or maners may." Pastoa Letters, vol. iv. let, 
 )xxi. p. 2SO. E. 
 
 pact ;
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 195 
 
 pact ; the result of regard, relationship, or 
 family connexion ; and some of the masses 
 which he ordained, were perhaps the pious 
 retribution of affection and gratitude. 
 
 The president, fellows, and scholars, were 
 required to say daily, at getting; up and at 
 going to bed, certain prayers q in honour of 
 the Trinity ; and, while Waynflete was liv- 
 ing, " liege, qnasiimus, Domine, famulum 
 " tit urn Williamum pontijicem fundaiorem no- 
 " strum;" and, after his decease, an addi- 
 tional prayer for him. Each of them was to 
 repeat daily, at the hour he chose, a psalm 
 and prayers 1 " for the soul of king Henry the 
 Third, Edward the Third, Henry the .Sixth, 
 Edward the Fourth, lord Crurawell, sir John 
 
 * Antiphona de Trinitate. 
 
 Libera nos, '.vith the Benedicamus. 
 
 The usual prayer De Trinitate, sc. Omnipotens sempitern 
 Deus. 
 
 Rege, quresumus. 
 
 Deus, qui inter apostolicos sacerdotes famulura tuum funda- 
 torem nostrum pontificiali dignitate. 
 
 Ilege, quaesumus. 
 
 See the Roman Missal, Breviary, Hours^ &c. 
 T Psalm De profundis, with Kyrielyson. 
 
 Pater noster. 
 
 Ave Maria in the usual manner. 
 
 Inclinci, Dominc, 
 
 T'ideiium Deus,, with the names of the persons, 
 
 Deus, qui inter apostolicos. 
 
 o 2 fastolf,
 
 196 THE LIFE OF* 
 
 Fastolf, for the souls of Richard and Mar- 
 gery his parents, that of the founder, and 
 those of the other benefactors to his college, 
 and of all the faithful defunct; mentioning 
 the names of his father and mother, and also 
 his own after his decease, with the prayer 
 as above. Each of them was to hear mass 
 once a-day ; and then, or at some other 
 hour, to say, kneeling, fifty times, Ave Maria, 
 and after every tenth a Pater Roster. Ves- 
 pers were to be suno 1 in the chapel every 
 evening ; and solemn processions to be made 
 about the cloister, or boundary of the col- 
 lege, after the use of Sarum, with masses 
 daily after mattins, except on Easter-day. 
 In the morning-mass, which was to be said 
 at the Arundel altar in the nave of the 
 chapel, the priest was to pray especially 
 for lord Arundel and lord Maltravers, while 
 either was living, and for their souls when 
 dead. In the second mass he was to pray 
 for the lords Reede and Scures and other 
 benefactors, the founder while living, lord 
 Lovcll and his consort, for the universal 
 church, for peace, for the soul of the father 
 and of the mother of Waynflete, of lord 
 Crumwell, and for the bishop of Winchester. 
 The third mass, which he permits to be 
 
 cele-
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 197 
 
 celebrated in the collateral oratory near 
 the high altar, was to be DC rcquie for souls 
 of good memory ; to wit, for Henry the 
 Third, Ed \varcl the Third, Henry the Sixth, 
 Edward the Fourth, the founder when dead, 
 his parents, lord Crumwell, sir John Fastolf, 
 and other benefactors to himself and to his 
 
 college. A solemn mass de S. Triuitatt was 
 
 ~ 
 
 to be celebrated before Easter, and certain 
 prayers 1 used in the chapel ; to be followed 
 by a scrutiny in the hall. 
 
 Two scholars, or fellows, were to recom- 
 mend to God in their masses, the good estate 
 of lady Joan Burrough while living, and the 
 
 This is now concealed by the wainscot of the chapel, but a 
 door leads into it from the cloister. It is small, with elegant stone- 
 work, particularly the roof, and has been decorated with painting 
 and gilding. 
 
 A large and handsome wooden chest, not perfect, stands in it; 
 probably placed there after the time of the founder. 
 
 The common chest of the church is mentioned in an act of par- 
 liament, 5 Edw. VI. Gibson's Codex, p. 203. 
 
 1 1. De S. Trinitate. 
 
 2. De S. Maria. 
 
 3. Pro salubri statu dfii nostri regis Anglic illustris, cum hac 
 oratione, " Dens, in cujus manu corda regum." 
 
 4. Pro salubri statu nostro dum superstites fuerimus, cum hac 
 oratione, " Rege, quaesumus." 
 
 5. Fidelium Deus, omnium conditor et redemptor, pro ani-. 
 mabus fidelium defunctorum. 
 
 soul*
 
 198 THE LIFE OF 
 
 souls of William Port and N. Burrough, 
 knight ; seven of the demvs, the seniors in 
 
 O ' 
 
 age, were to pray especially for tlie souls of 
 sir John Fastolff and of his consort, of his 
 friends and benefactors, in the psalm De pro- 
 fwidis, which they were bound to say daily, 
 and in their other prayers ; and each of them 
 was to receive from the college a penny a- 
 week for his battles. One was to say aloud 
 in the chapel daily after high mass, " Anima 
 " fundatoris nostri IVilliumi, et animte omnium 
 " fdcllum defunct or urn^ per misericordiam Dei 
 " in pace requiescant ','* which formulary was 
 likewise to be repeated in the hall after din- 
 ner and supper. 
 
 AVaynflete ordained quarterly obits for 
 himself. In one of them, a special collect; 
 was to be said for the anniversary of Peter 
 de Rupibus, with the prayer " Deus indul- 
 " gentian-urn ;" and in another, for that of the 
 duke of M 01 folk", with the same prayer. 
 .Also, four other obits ; for the soul of king 
 Henry the Third ; for that of lady Joan 
 Danvers; for the souls of the progenitors of 
 
 u Willoughby. 8. X 222. Index. " Relaxatio Joh~nis Ducis 
 te Norfblke fact. ! ; osp;t f oiius juris in quibu.sdam homagiis, red- 
 " dittibub/' &.c. in VViilebey, 38 H. VI. 
 
 lord
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 199 
 
 lord Lovell then living, and for bis wife when 
 deceased ; the last, for the earl of Arundel 
 and lord Maltravers. 
 
 The master of the school at Waynflete, 
 if a priest, to whom the statute gives a pre- 
 ference, was specially to pray in his masses 
 for the soul of the founder after his decease ; 
 of William Aulekar; and for the souls of 
 the other benefactors, and of all the faithful 
 defunct ; for the good and prosperous estate 
 of Magdalen college, the president, scholars, 
 and benefactors ; and for the increase of 
 good morals and knowledge. He was, more- 
 over, to take care that all the scholars prayed 
 devoutly for the founder and their bene- 
 factors, and said daily before they went out 
 of the school, a psalm and prayers x ; one for 
 the souls above mentioned, with those of 
 his parents. 
 
 SECT. IV. WAYNFLETE designed his col- 
 
 ^ 
 
 lege to be a seminary and a seat, as well of li- 
 terature as of religion. He has required that, 
 
 * De profundis, with Kyrielyson. 
 Jnclina, Domine. 
 FifU-'lium Deus. 
 
 Praemissa tamen prius aliqua devota antiphona gloriosae virv 
 ginis B. Mariae. 
 
 besides
 
 200 THE LIFE OF 
 
 besides good morals and manners, all las 
 scholars should possess abilities and aptitude 
 for learning; repeatedly declaring it to be 
 the great and fervent desire of his heart, 
 that they should be carefully and profoundly 
 instructed, and that their proficiency should 
 be multifarious, and their progress rapid. 
 
 The thirty scholars, or dernys, being com- 
 petently instructed in reading and in the 
 plain chant, when chosen, were afterwards 
 to learn diligently, grammar, and logic or 
 sophistry. On information that some hast- 
 ened on without being sufficiently advanced 
 in the former, he decreed, " because, as ex- 
 " perience proves, a weak foundation be- 
 " trays the superstructure, and grammar is 
 " acknowledged to be the mother and the 
 
 o 
 
 " basis of all science," no one should in 
 future be admitted to other studies, unless 
 he was found fit and capable by the presi- 
 dent, schoolmaster, or one of the deans ; and 
 he allowed two or three of the number, at 
 least, to be employed so long in that faculty, 
 in poetry, and the arts of humanity, as to 
 be qualified for teachers. 
 
 The fellows, scholars, and clerks of the 
 chapel were required to learn and hear logic 
 and sophistry, from their admission into the 
 
 college
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 201 
 
 college till the completion of their third 
 year, or of their fourth, if directed by the 
 president. The other fellows were to be 
 their instructors, and each was liable to the 
 burthen, to which a stipend was annexed of 
 six shillings and eight pence yearly for each 
 pupil ; the whole sum to be received by a 
 teacher, not to exceed annually an hundred 
 shillings. 
 
 it was a principal aim of the founder, 
 that the holy Scripture, the mother and 
 mistress of all knowledge, mi<>ht, in the Ian- 
 
 O ' O ' 
 
 guagc of the statute, spread her tents w r ider; 
 and that either philosophy, natural and 
 moral, might militate under the banner of 
 theology. lie instituted a lectureship in 
 each of these faculties, and required the 
 forty scholars to apply to them; but with 
 permission that two or three selected by the 
 president, and some other persons, might 
 study in canon and civil law r ; as also two or 
 three in medicine. The lectureships were to 
 be filled by two masters of arts, and by a 
 doctor or bachelor of divinity. The solici- 
 tude of the founder to have these depart- 
 ments ably supplied, was such, that he left 
 them open to all persons of eminence and 
 merit; and, for their encouragement, re- 
 moved
 
 202 THE LIFE OF 
 
 moved the obstacle to their being chosen 
 fellows of his college, by dispensing with 
 the statute of dioceses and counties in their 
 favour. Ive, a distinguished champion in 
 the controversy with the mendicants y , and 
 Grocyn, both famous men, may be cited as 
 evidences of his care in selecting his readers 
 of divinity. 
 
 To secure a proficiency in scholastic study, 
 all bachelors of arts were to dispute in the 
 hall twice a-week in full term, except in 
 Lent, on logical subjects; and during Lent, 
 once a-week in moral philosophy, when all 
 masters of arts, regent or not, were required 
 to be present, and the elder and more skilful, 
 to instruct and inform the others ; the cleans, 
 to regulate the beginning and ending ; and 
 the lecturers, attended by the bachelors, the 
 solution of the question discussed. From the 
 seventh of July to the first of August, they 
 were to dispute once a-week, though in va- 
 cation; and to read at least thrice a-week, 
 
 y In a treatise " De Mendicitate Christi." He published also 
 " Lecturae Oxonienses." Heylin thus describes the business of the 
 divinity reader: his 
 
 charge 
 
 Is, lecture-wise, t' explayne the tenebrous 
 Hard knots of scripture. 
 
 until
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 203 
 
 il the fifteenth of August, cursory lectures 
 in the nave of the chapel, or elsewhere, at the 
 discretion of the clean or deans present, on 
 some useful matter; and first of all on algo- 
 rism, or a treatise concerning the sphere, or 
 the motion of the planets. Among the fel- 
 lows, theologians, a disputation was to be 
 held in the chapel once a-week, except in 
 J^ent; to be regulated by the lecturer in di- 
 vinity, or, in his absence, by the senior; the 
 doctors, masters, and scholars of the faculty 
 to be all present. 
 
 The hours of instruction and attendance 
 on disputations, lectures, and exercises in 
 the chapel or hall, or in the university, were 
 so many, that little time was left for idleness. 
 It was the idea of Waynrlcte, that to teach or 
 to learn, should be the business and pleasure 
 of each individual, when unoccupied by the 
 important duties of religion. His liberal 
 view extended beyond his society, it in- 
 eluded every scholar and student in the uni- 
 versity ; all persons of all nations, religious 
 and secular, willing to resort to him for 
 wholesome knowledge. To all comers was 
 gratuitous information reached out by l;is 
 hand, in grammar, in moral and natural 
 philosophy, with mathematics; and in divi- 
 nity,
 
 204 THE LIFE OF 
 
 nity, at bis school, or at the public lectures 
 in his college. 
 
 SECT. V. I SHALL subjoin to this im- 
 perfect account of the general plan of the 
 founder some particular regulations, chiefly 
 such as may contribute to enlarge our idea 
 of his institution, and of the collegiate life 
 
 O 
 
 it was intended to promote. 
 
 That neither divine worship nor the pro- 
 gress to be made in learning might sutler 
 
 o ~ o 
 
 diminution, the fellows and demys were re- 
 quired to reside: and the number to be in- 
 dulged with leave of absence at a time, with 
 its term, limited : and that the statutes might 
 be better understood and observed, and no 
 fellow or scholar pretend ignorance of his 
 duty, it was directed, that all should attend 
 the reading of them through yearly, three 
 times at least, in the great hall; and that a 
 secret scrutiny should be held, for the pur- 
 pose of discovering whatever needed cor- 
 rection or reformation in the college, or per-. 
 
 O * 1 
 
 sons belonging to it. 
 
 In the arrangement for the lodging of the 
 society, it was ordered, that each of the 
 rooms of the ground-floor of the quadrangle 
 
 O 1 O 
 
 should hold two principal beds, and one 
 
 truckle-
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 205 
 
 truckle-bed. The chambers over them, ex- 
 cept that of the president and a few more, 
 had each two truckle-beds; and it may be 
 observed here, that such was the simplicity, 
 or rather perhaps inelegance, of the age, 
 that when Waynrlete entertained kings of 
 England and their retinues at his college, 
 the nobles, we have reason to believe, took 
 up with truckle-beds, and were content to 
 sleep two or three in a room. 
 
 The society was enjoined to use the Latin 
 language in conversation within the college; 
 and in public to go in pairs, and to observe 
 decorum. Certain games 2 , with whatever 
 might produce dissipation, foster idleness, 
 or disturb the studious, were forbidden. At 
 dinner, silence was to be preserved, and the 
 Bible read aloud in the hall. They were to 
 be permitted only at particular times, to 
 tarry after their meal round the charcoal 
 fire; and then to be indulged in harmless 
 singing, and encouraged to recite elegances, 
 
 * The keeping of birds in cages, dogs, &c. 
 
 Taxilorum, insuper, etalearum, tarn cardarum quam carparum, 
 omnemque ludum noxium. 
 
 Cards were used before 1367, and were originally only painted 
 paper; the common cards still remain so. 
 
 Nichols's Origin of Printing, p. 1/3. 
 
 poems,
 
 206 THE LIFE OF 
 
 t 
 poems, and the chronicles a of the kings of 
 
 England. 
 
 O 
 
 \Vajnfiete has expressed an utter detesta- 
 tion of that licentiousness in dress, which 
 rendered the clergy not distinguishable from 
 the laity. lie enjoined the use of vests be- 
 fitting ecclesiastics, and of gowns closed be- 
 fore from the navel down to the bottom. 
 He prohibited shoes with pikes b ; also red 
 boots, swords or long knives, or other wea- 
 pons ; costly furs called sabyllyns or inar- 
 tyns, and all finery and luxury in apparel. 
 lie had in view a further regulation in this 
 article, to be carried into execution when 
 the society should be in possession of cer- 
 tain estates, which he had made over in re- 
 version to them. Itis announced in a. statute , 
 of which the omission in its proper place is 
 attributed to forgetful ness. This was read to 
 the fellows by the president, and attested, 
 with. some decrees, (two of which d the founder 
 
 had 
 
 a See Warton. Fa : :y Q. ii. 104. 
 
 b Shoes with such beaks or pjkes bad been I'sun! since 1382. 
 It was prcvU'.hned 5 I:.dw. IV. in England, that they should rot 
 pass two inches. Baker. 
 
 See Appendix, l\ > XVI. MS, Hnrl. N 4240. Sec fadt.r. 
 The sratute is i\\?'j in Lib. Comp. Ifj^O, p. 133, taker, by Dr. 
 Clerke from a statiitc-book of Dr. Drone's. 
 
 u " One, pro tlihcis con?erv:indij^ mr.dc bv order of the Foandei .
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 207 
 
 had commanded his almoner to promulge in 
 the vestry,) by John Wymark master of arts 
 and notary public, on the fourth of Novem- 
 ber, 1483. It ordains, that the fellows and 
 scholars should be furnished yeariv, abci:i< 
 Christmas, with a sufficient quantity of cloth 
 of a certain price, for a gown and hood, to 
 be of one fashion ; and the other members 
 and the servants with cloth for si;o\viis e , con- 
 
 O * 
 
 forma bie 
 
 The other, That the demys present in the university should receive 
 .veekly -vYnd for their commons, the statute to the contrary not- 
 withstanding. 
 
 O 
 
 That the president on certain more solemn festivals and days of 
 pittances (pietantiarum) should for the: honour of the college dine 
 in the hail, where he should be allowed an augmentation of his 
 common-, hv the bursars ; and regulating his allowance on other 
 feasts and obits, viz. pittance-days not mentioned, when he dined 
 in his own house (hospitio) : and providing, that on the obit of 
 Thomas Jngledew, when the sum of 20.?. Sd. was to be divided 
 among the fellows for their commons and refreshment, he should 
 receive of it only \'ld. MS. Had. IV 6'2S2, p. 140. Ex MS, 
 l> is Drope. MS. Hail I\ 424O, p. ,54. 
 
 c Mr. Wnrton, History of English Poetry, vol. i. p. 234, tells us. 
 " thr.r the nr^niticvnt knight sir John Fastoif bequeathed estates 
 " to .Magdalen college, part of which were appropriated to buy li- 
 " veries tor son^ of the senior scholars ; but this benefaction in 
 " time yielding no iru-re tl.an a penny a week to the scholars who 
 "received the liveiie.s, they were called by way of contempt 
 " Falstaffs Buckram-me?}." 
 
 We have before related, that the seven demies senior in age 
 \vert to pray for him, and that their recompense wa-s oach a penny 
 
 1
 
 208 THE LIFE OF 
 
 formable in colour ; the founder hoping, that 
 their bearing all one outward visible mark 
 
 o 
 
 or badge, would promote their perseverance 
 in unanimity, and their mutual regard ; and 
 that their affection to his college would in- 
 crease with the benefits they should derive 
 from his bounty. 
 
 The commons f , salaries, and allowances 
 of each individual of the society, were ap- 
 portioned by the founder : who not only 
 reached out to them lodging, diet, and in- 
 struction, with money to be distributed at 
 
 / 
 
 certain times, since called the minor divi- 
 dend g ; but, from his paternal care and fore- 
 st week in his battels ; four shillings and four pence a year each ; 
 in the whole, thirty shillings and four pence. The anecdote,, as far 
 as it concerns their liveries, is, I apprehend, without foundation, 
 Mr. Warton informed me that he had it either from his father, a 
 fellow of Magdalen, or from the late President ; or from both. 
 
 f " Voluit fundator ut socius quilibet recipiat septimanatim pro 
 " communis suis \1d. frumento existente infra 10s. per quarterium, 
 " a 105. ad 13s. recipiat \\d. cum pro 13s. et 4d. vel supra, per 
 " tres continuas septimanas in communi foro Oxonii vendatur,tunc 
 " ]6d." MS. Henrici Clerke, M. D. olim Praesidentis, p. 135. 
 6s. Bd. had been previously mentioned in the statute the president 
 refers to, as the mean price of a quarter of wheat. E, 
 
 * This dividend consists of several small sums of money distri- 
 buted on certain festivals, which were either the benefactions of 
 individuals, or arise from particular college estates. Thus, e. g. 
 " Pro dividentia Henrici 7 mi , primodie Mali, 2 : 13 : 4. Pro divi- 
 * c dentia rectoriae de Slimbridge, eodem die, ^.10." E, 
 
 sight,
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 209 
 
 sight, provided a supply for its current ex- 
 penses, if by any accident their revenue 
 should prove inadequate, or be intercepted. 
 This was called The Founder's Chest ? , from 
 which they might borrow as occasion re- 
 quired, repaying when they were able. 
 Moreover, he added a sum (called mutuum 
 placitoruni) for the purposes of defending 
 them if attacked by law; of acquiring, if it 
 should be expedient, ampler possessions ; 
 and of repairing damage done by sudden 
 fires, if such should unfortunately happen 
 on their premises 11 . In like manner king 
 Henry ', perhaps at his suggestion, directed 
 his feoffees, by his will, to deliver a thousand 
 pounds to each of his colleges, which he 
 had " given for a treasure for them, to be 
 " kept within them, for divers great causes" 
 expressed in his statutes. 
 
 Uncommon, perhaps unparalleled, was 
 the liberality displayed by V> aynflete in the 
 endowment of his college, and in the assign- 
 ment of necessaries of every kind for his so- 
 
 s It is mentioned in the Account-book 1484, 2 Hie. 3. In 1408 
 it contained one hundred marcs. Dr. Clarke's Account-book 1606, 
 p. S3. 
 
 h Lib. Stat. in c. De Sigillo. 
 
 1 Nichols's Collection of Wills, p. 306. 
 
 r cietv.
 
 210 THE LIFE OF 
 
 ciety. After enumerating the establishment, 
 Antony Wood k proceeds': "all which, besides 
 " other poor scholars that were daily fed 
 " with the broken meat from the tables in 
 " the public refectory, (continuing so until 
 " 166'7, at which time they were stinted,) as 
 " also the entertainment of strangers, in lieu 
 
 o 
 
 " of that which was performed while it was 
 " an hospital, receiving daily sustenance, 
 " with other supplies, in such measure, that 
 " I think itexceedeth any foundation for se- 
 " cular scholars in Europe." Budden l has 
 recorded as current, a tale, that he was so 
 reduced to poverty by his munificence, as 
 in the decline of life to be solicitous to ob- 
 tain the headship of his own college ; but 
 this is too absurd to be refuted, and to have 
 noticed it was more than it deserved. 
 
 k Gutch, p.311. A. Wood, p. 180. 
 1 P- 87- 
 
 CHAP-
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 211 
 
 CHAPTER XI. 
 
 To the Death of Waynflete. 
 
 SECT. I. i; TT was much," says an histori- 
 -- an a , " that in the midst of so 
 " many miseries of civil wars, Waynflete 
 " should found his fair college," and, we 
 may add, be able to complete it. We must 
 agree too with another writer, that probably 
 " hee would have done much more then hee 
 " did, had hee not beene hindred by the warrs 
 " betweene Yorke and Lancaster 11 ." But a 
 faint idea has been here given of the times 
 in which he lived. Ferocity and barbarism 
 prevailed in no common degree. Faction, 
 intrigue, and discord, were insatiable of hu- 
 man blood. The terrible picture, drawn by 
 the pencil of a master, would inspire dismay 
 and horror at the situation of the public ; 
 while pity and respect would be raised by 
 the sufferings of a small group of peaceable 
 individuals, with Waynflete at their head. 
 
 8 Fuller. Church Hist. b. iv. p. 1SS. 
 
 b MSS. Aslimol. N 810, In the printed Catal. N/4S4. 
 
 p 2 His
 
 212 THE LIFE OF 
 
 His intervals of respite from alarm" or trou- 
 ble had been few and disturbed ; but, 
 though he was weary of the spectacle, his 
 dismission was retarded until he had beheld 
 another grand catastrophe. 
 
 Dr. Moreton, a firm adherent of king 
 Henry, even in the camp c , yielding, like 
 AVaynflete, to the torrent, had become a fa- 
 vourite with king Edward ; who employed 
 him in a negotiation with France in 1474, 
 and made him a privy counsellor and bishop 
 of Ely (1478). He was arrested by king Ri- 
 chard, and committed in custody to the 
 duke of Buckingham ; who, disgusted with 
 that usurpation which he so lately, so large- 
 ly, and so criminally promoted, adopted a 
 plan formed by his prisoner, to unite the 
 Roses, by blending the pretensions of the 
 two families, in a marriage of the eldest 
 daughter of Edward the Fourth with Henry 
 earl of Richmond, an exile in Brittany, and 
 the sole remaining scyon of the stem of 
 Lancaster 11 . 
 
 An insurrection and invasion in 1483, by 
 failing, confirmed Richard in the possession 
 of the crown, and an obsequious parliament 
 
 Budden, p. 82. Parker in V. 
 
 J Baker, Rapin, and other historians. 
 
 passed
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 213 
 
 passed their usual bill of attainder. But the 
 earl renewed his preparations ; and among 
 the students who resorted to him from the 
 university of Paris was Richard Fox % fa- 
 mous for his learning, and attached alike 
 to the party of Waynflete and to his college, 
 where he had received his education, per- 
 haps as a demy. He was recommended by 
 More ton, who had escaped to the earl in 
 disguise, and was intrusted with the equip- 
 ment of a fleet. King Richard, to defeat 
 the projected union, resolved to espouse his 
 niece. His son opportunely died ; and poi- 
 son, it was believed, removed his wife; but 
 he was pressed by the expedition of his 
 enemy. He applied among others to Wayn- 
 flete f to advance money on the occasion, 
 and he complied, probably because he 
 dared not to refuse. The month after, Bos- 
 worth-field decided between the two rivals. 
 
 Baker. A doctor of canon law or decrees. A. Wood, p. 243. 
 AyMe, vol. i. p. 3S6, 387. 
 
 f " Memorandum That I Edmund Chaderton Treseorer of the 
 " Kyngs Chamber have received of the right rever d . ffader in 
 " God my Lord Bp. of Wynchestrethis present day as money lent 
 " to the Kyngs grace and to his use by thondys of William Fisher 
 " C li. In witness Sec the v th day of Jule in the third year of King 
 " Richard iii d . Edmund Chaderton." 
 
 MS. Karl. N 42-10, p. 3. 
 
 The
 
 214 THE LIFE OF 
 
 The mild virtues, or perhaps the popula- 
 rity, of Waynflete, had been respected by 
 king Richard. lie had also favoured his 
 college, and, besides granting a pardon for 
 lands acquired in mortmain and for any ir- 
 regularities in their proceedings, had con- 
 ferred on it a portion of the forfeited estate 
 of the duke of Buckingham g . who had been 
 beheaded ; but Waynflete is said to have 
 derived Great satisfaction from the re-acces- 
 
 o 
 
 sion of the house of Lancaster to the throne ; 
 and the new king, not unapprizcd of his 
 merit, distinguished him early as a friend of 
 his family. Moreton, who was advanced 
 
 / 
 
 to the see of Canterbury (June 1487), and 
 Pox, who was made a bishop and lord privy 
 seal, were also kind to the college, or its 
 members. 
 
 In the first parliament of the new king an 
 act of resumption h was passed, with provi- 
 sion that it " should not be prejudicial to 
 " William bishop of Wynchestre, nor to the 
 " president and scolars of Seynt Mary Mag- 
 
 s Cartae rcgis, N 2. Index. 
 
 21 Feb. 1 Ric. III. " Concedit tres virgatas terrae cum pertinen- 
 " tiis, qii.x nupcr ad manus ejus pervenerunt ratione forisfacfurae 
 " Hen. duels Bucking!. arn." WestcotCom.Warwickj Np. Index, 
 
 h Parliament Rolls, vol. vi. p. 351. 
 
 " dalen
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 215 
 
 " clalen in the university of Oxford; 5 ' to 
 whom it confirmed the letters patent which 
 had been isued by Henry the Sixth and Ed- 
 the Fourth in their favour. 
 
 President Mayew attended the coronation 
 on the thirtieth of October, 1485, and, by 
 order of the founder, was allowed his ex- 
 penses, fifteen shillings and three pence half- 
 penny ', from the college. 
 
 SECT. II. THE life of YTaynflete, and the 
 miseries arising from civil discord, were now 
 hastening to a conclusion, lie had been 
 
 <3 
 
 employed in establishing and watching over 
 his favourite institution at Oxford above 
 thirty-seven years. lie had settled his so- 
 ciety under a i;oven:or whose conduct he 
 approved ; and had given it statutes which 
 he know to be calculated for the advance- 
 ment of its welfare and reputation, and for 
 the increase of religion and learning, to the 
 praise and glory of God. It had already 
 produced, and it possessed, many men of 
 eminence ; besides younger students, whose 
 talents and application promised to sustain, 
 to equal, or exceed, the renown of their 
 
 ' Lib. Comp. 1485-6. 
 
 pre-
 
 216 THE LIFE OF 
 
 predecessors. lie had felt complacency in 
 observing the good effects of his exertions in 
 its favour, and from the conscious rectitude 
 of his own intentions. lie had taken his 
 farewell of it in the true spirit of benevo- 
 lence ; recommending to its members, and 
 to all who abode in the college, to main- 
 tain, as disciples of Christ, holy obedience, 
 peace, unity, and perfect charity, He was 
 now far stricken in years, and unwilling or 
 unable to attend to public business. As 
 was the custom of the bishops of Win- 
 chester, and of other great persons, he had 
 hitherto frequently changed the places of 
 his residence ; removing with his numerous 
 retainers, to his various castles or mansions, 
 as suited with the season, their stores of pro- 
 vision, his convenience, or inclination, until 
 December 1485; when he repaired from 
 Southwerk to Southwaltham k , where he did 
 not survive to the fulfilling the treaty of mar- 
 riage between the two houses, which diffused 
 joy and consolation over the whole realm. 
 
 An epistle 1 addressed to him in this year, 
 is prefixed to a book entitled "Triumphus 
 t; Amoris D. X. Je&u Christi." now ai-ion^ 
 
 c? 
 
 fc Registr. Waynflete. Athenae, i. 666, ;c. 
 1 See Appendix, NXXVII. 
 
 the
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 217 
 
 the imprinted manuscripts in the library at 
 Lambeth. The author was Laurence Wil- 
 liam de Savona, one of the friars minors in 
 London, and a doctor in divinity, who com- 
 piled a new rhetoric at Cambridge in 1478, 
 which was printed at St. Albans in 1480. It 
 contains an eulogy on Waynflete and on his 
 college. The writer expatiates particularly 
 on his bounty, of which he tells us the poor 
 had daily and large experience at divers 
 places, at his splendid mansions and at 
 churches; and affirms, that his prudence 
 and wisdom, generosity, clemency, and com- 
 passion, were every where and generally ex- 
 tolied by the people. Mention is made of 
 the venerable gray hair of the bishop. 
 
 S E c T . 1 1 1. W A Y N r L E T E prepared for h i s 
 departure out of this life, with the dignity 
 and calm composure of integrity and a good 
 conscience. Among his worldly concerns, 
 his college still occupied a principal portion 
 of his care ; and Dr. Mayew was often with 
 him, as he had been before he finall} 7 left 
 London. In various matters, which for 
 some reason or other were postponed, he 
 declared his mind and pleasure to him, to 
 be fulfilled by the society after his decease. 
 
 The
 
 218 THE LIFE OF 
 
 The war between the houses of York and 
 Lancaster had produced twelve pitched 
 battles, in which eighty persons of royal 
 lineage, and ninety thousand men had pe- 
 rished. Many had been the noble sufferers 
 by attainder, confiscation, exile, and the 
 scaffold ; many the tragical incidents and 
 vicissitudes of fortune, witnessed during a 
 
 * o 
 
 long life by Waynflete. Even the recent 
 and grateful triumph of king Henry, was at- 
 tended with sorrow for the bloodshed, for 
 the slain, for the captured, or the fugitive 
 acquaintance and friend. We cannot won- 
 der if, worn with affliction and age, he wished 
 for a speedy release from the burthen. 
 
 On the 27th of April, I486, he received, 
 says Budden m , something as it were of a di- 
 vine impression or admonition, not unlike 
 that of the prophet IJezekiah, 2 Kings v. 1. 
 " Set tLine house in order, for thou shalt 
 " die, and not live." His will n is dated on 
 that day at South waltham. 
 
 In the preamble he declares, that he was 
 panting for the life to come, and perceived 
 the day of his expectation in this valley of 
 
 m P. 59. 
 
 " Sec Appendix, N XXVIII. 
 
 tears
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 
 
 tears arrived as it were at its eve, and the 
 time of his dissolution near at hand. 
 
 He bequeaths his soul to Almighty God, 
 the Virgin, Mary Magdalen, and the patron- 
 saints of his cathedral ; and directs that his 
 body should be buried in the tomb which 
 he had provided for it, in a chapel of the 
 blessed Marv Magdalen, in his church of 
 
 *i O 
 
 "Winchester. 
 
 He then leaves for the celebration of his 
 exequies, on the day of his sepulture, and on 
 the trental of his obit, as follows, the money 
 to be distributed by equal portions, viz. 
 
 To the prior of the convent of Winchester, 
 besides a cup and cover gilded, forty shil- 
 lings : to each of the monks, if a priest, thir- 
 teen shillings and four pence ; if not, three 
 shillings and four pence. 
 
 To the abbot of llj'dc thirteen shillings 
 and four pence : to each of the monks, if a 
 priest, six shillings and eight pence; if not, 
 three shillings and four pence. 
 
 To the abbess of the monastery of St. Mary 
 Wynton thirteen shillings and four pence : 
 to each nun, if professed, two shillings ; if 
 not, sixteen pence. 
 
 The monastery of St. Mary consisted of twenty-one nuns at 
 the dissolution. Lowtb, sect. viii. 
 
 To
 
 220 THE LIFE OF 
 
 To the warden of the college at Win- 
 
 o 
 
 Chester six shillings and eight pence : to 
 each priest two shillings ; to each clerk six- 
 teen pence ; to each boy tour pence ; and for 
 two pittances P for the fellows and boys, 
 twenty shillings. 
 
 To the master of the hospital of St. Cross 
 six shillings and eight pence : to each priest 
 two shillings ; to each clerk of the chapel 
 sixteen pence. 
 
 To the religious of the order of St. Austin 
 at Wynton, of minors, of predicants, and to 
 the Carmelites, to each twenty-six shillings 
 and eight pence. 
 
 To each priest, with or without cure, be- 
 longing to the city and soke, two shillings ; 
 and to each clerk of a parish twelve pence. 
 The place where these should celebrate his 
 exequies to be appointed by his executors. 
 
 To the president of his college six shillings 
 and eight pence : to each fellow, scholar, 
 and chaplain, two shillings ; to each clerk of 
 the chapel sixteen pence; to each chorister 
 twelve pence. 
 
 The same to New college, Oxford. 
 
 P Pietanccs ; allowances on particular occasions over and above 
 the common provisions. 
 
 He
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 221 
 
 He bequeaths to Joan Welby, widow of 
 Richard Welby, a handsome silver cup and 
 cover, gilded. 
 
 To be distributed among the poor on the 
 day of his burial, and on the trental of his 
 obit, at least one hundred and sixty pounds 
 thirteen shillings and four pence. 
 
 His executors to cause five thousand 
 masses, in honour of the five wounds of 
 Christ, and the five joys of the Virgin Mary, 
 to be celebrated on the day of his burial, 
 the trental of his obit, and other days, as 
 soon as possible, for his soul, and the souls 
 of his parents and friends. 
 
 A distribution of money to be made 
 among his domestics according to the co- 
 
 O O 
 
 dicil. 
 
 All his manors, lands, and tenements, not 
 belonging to his church, but obtained other- 
 wise, to be given by his feoffees, and applied 
 entirely to the perpetual use of his college; 
 the manor of Sparshold only excepted. 
 
 He beseeches his executors, and requires 
 them in the bowels of Christ, to consider 
 favourably the necessity of his college, and 
 to relieve it from his effects according to 
 their ability. 
 
 He appoints John Catesby justice of the 
 
 king's
 
 222 THE LIFE OF 
 
 king's bench, master William Gyfford q rector 
 of Chcryton, Mycliael Clevc doctor of de- 
 crees, master John Nele, master Stephen 
 Tyler rector of Alverstoke, master "William. 
 Hoi den rector of Drokynfford, and Richard 
 Burton of Tan ton, his executors. To the 
 first he bequeaths, in recompense of his 
 trouble, twenty-six pounds thirteen shillings 
 and four pence ; to the others, each thirteen 
 pounds six shillings and eight pence. 
 
 He directs the residue of his s;oods to be 
 
 o 
 
 disposed of by his executors, with the con- 
 sent of the majority, among the poor ; in 
 pious and devout uses ; and, especially, in 
 aid of the necessities of his college; in masses 
 and in alms-deeds for the salvation of his 
 soul, and of the souls of his parents and 
 friends. 
 
 The codicil comprises his chaplains, offi- 
 cers, and servants of every denomination, 
 in all one hundred and twenty-five persons; 
 and the amount of his bequests to them is 
 considerable. 
 
 This year, (I486,) which was the last of 
 
 i W. Gyfford and W. Holden to take possession by letter of at- 
 torney for the college of all donations, &c. of friends, benefactors, 
 and of the founder. 1 Hen. VII.
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 223 
 
 his life, affords an instance of his attention 
 to merit, and of his dispensing with his sta- 
 tutes to reward it. lie had noticed, when at 
 his college, the good and virtuous disposition 
 of a chaplain who had been long there, and 
 was of a county and diocese from which 
 scholars could not be chosen. In obedience 
 to a letter 1 " from him, Hewster was admitted 
 at the ensuing election to a year of proba- 
 tion, and on the same day to be perpetual 
 fellow. 
 
 SECT. IV. CARDINAL Beaufort, with li- 
 cence from king Henry, and with consent 
 of the master or warden of the hospital of 
 St. Cross, at Sparkford near Winchester, 
 and of the brethren and other persons con- 
 cerned, had engrafted on the foundation 
 there, not long before his death, a new elee- 
 mosynary institution, to the honour of God, 
 and of the glorious Virgin his mother, and 
 
 O O ' 
 
 for the salvation of his own soul. It was an 
 alms-house of noble poverty, within the pre- 
 cinct of the hospital, designed for two pres- 
 byters, thirty-live brethren, and three sisters, 
 to be for ever under the government of the 
 
 Registr. See Appendix, NXXIX. 
 
 master.
 
 224 THE LIFE OF 
 
 master. He had provided a suitable en- 
 dowment for the perpetual maintenance of 
 his charity ; and by his statutes had enjoined 
 certain devotions and observances for the 
 health of his soul. He had besides granted 
 to the master and brethren various posses- 
 sions, rents, and temporal domains, for the 
 support of burthens, and the performance 
 of works of piety, as covenanted for (4th Feb. 
 1445) by indentures between the two par- 
 ties. But he had numerous enemies; and the 
 Yorkists, when they prevailed, had been gra- 
 tified with Lancastrian plunder. Waynflete 
 Lad seen the revenues of the alms-house of 
 noble poverty curtailed, we may suppose, \v r ith 
 regret, but without being able to prevent 
 the robbery. The accession of king Henry 
 the Seventh favoured an examination into its 
 circumstances; and the result is contained 
 in an instrument dated Southwaltham the 
 2d of August, I486, in the fo"iicth year of his 
 consecration ; setting forth, that time, and 
 the succeeding malice of men, had entirely 
 stripped the hospital of the secular estates 
 annexed to it by Beaufort, which had been 
 seized on, and were occupied by noble and 
 powerful persons ; that it was now impos- 
 sible his intention could be fulfilled in the 
 
 whole ;
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 225 
 
 whole; and that the bishop, from compas- 
 sion to his predecessor, whose piety was thus 
 defeated, and from a sense of duty, was 
 impelled to uphold his design, so far as it 
 could be fitly supported, by the produce 
 of some ecclesiastical benefices which re- 
 mained. He decreed % therefore, that in 
 future there should be for ever in the said 
 alms-house two brethren, bound to say pri- 
 vate prayers, like the old brethren, but dif- 
 fering in habit ; and one perpetual chaplain, 
 to be presented by the master, and admitted 
 by the bishop of Winchester, to celebrate 
 mass daily in person, or by deputy, with a 
 special collect for the soul of the cardinal, 
 and with the other prayers enjoined in the 
 statutes. To each of the two brethren he as- 
 signed yearly seventy-three shillings and four 
 
 Registr. Waynjiele, t. ii. p. 2. fol. 132. See Lowth, sect. iv. 
 " 1505 ab octodecim et viginti antiis prox. prseteritis red'litus et 
 " proventus Hosp. S. Crucis Winton deductis omnibus non ex.ces-.e- 
 " runt sumruam 205 marc." I think from Reg. Line. 
 
 The instrument of tlio appropriation of Cru'lale was dated at 
 Southwark, Jan. 3d 1445, the 41st of Beaufort's translation. 
 
 That cf the church of St. Faith near Wynton, of the hospital of 
 St. John of Fordingbridge, the free chapels of chenes\vell and Cold- 
 lienley, and that of St. James Wynton at Southwark, July 24th, 
 1446. 
 
 TLe ratification of the prior and convent, in which both are re- 
 cited, Oct. 2i)th, 1440". Ledger-book 1. fol. 60. 
 
 Q pence ;
 
 226 THE LIFE OF 
 
 pence ; to the chaplain ten marcs, to be paid 
 by the master from the profits of the parish 
 church of Cronclale and of St. 1'aith near 
 Wynton, and of other benefices, in conformi- 
 ty to the intention of the appropriate!* ; and 
 to the master, for his trouble, four pounds. 
 The residue of their income he directed to 
 be reserved annually, for the necessary ex- 
 penses of the premises; the lodgings of the 
 chaplain and brethren to be repaired ac- 
 cording to the old statutes and ordinances. 
 
 SECT. V. THE bishop appears to have 
 possessed a robust constitution, and to have 
 long enjoyed almost uninterrupted health. 
 He now fell suddenly into a grievous dis- 
 ease, which, in the figurative language of 
 JJr. Budden *, creeping and stealing through 
 his limbs and marrow, got into the citadel 
 of his heart, and so entirely overcame him 
 as to bring on a speedy dissolution, lie died 
 on Friday the llth of August, 1486 u , at four 
 
 1 F.8<j. " In gravissimura morbum repent e incidit ; qui ubi per 
 " artus et medullas in arceai eordis furtim irrepsisset, sic hominem 
 " senio ct laboribus confectum prorsus debilitavit, ut " perhaps 
 an inflammatory disorder, which began at a distance, and gradually 
 reached the vitals. 
 
 u Ledger-book I. fol. ll/. The letter to the king notifying 
 his death in the usual form is dated )5th August 14SO. 
 
 Registr. A. f. 53. tertio iduum Aug. 
 
 in
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 227 
 
 in the afternoon. His disorder, of which 
 the account is obscure, seems to have begun 
 in the extremities. Its inroad was gradual, 
 and it seized on his vitals by insensible de- 
 grees, as we are told ; for he was able, as is 
 proved by his Register, to give institution to 
 a living on the same day. The body was 
 removed to Winchester with great funeral 
 pomp, and, after the usual solemnity, depo- 
 sited in the tomb within the chapel of St. 
 Mary Magdalen in the cathedral, according 
 to the directions in his will. 
 
 In the Account-book of the year a pay- 
 ment is entered, for three carts which con- 
 veyed to the college servants belonging to 
 the president; and for the carriage of divers 
 things from YTultham. Among; the articles 
 
 * i j 
 
 then removed were probably the mitre, cro- 
 sier, and pontifical habit of the founder; 
 which wore reposited as memorials of him 
 in the treasury. At his exequies performed 
 in the college 1 were expended three pounds 
 six shillings and eleven pence halfpenny; 
 and on the (rental, three pounds eight shil- 
 
 x Account-book, 148S. " Solut. Will, tonsori pro cera viridi pro 
 " floribus ti^ndis circa candeias in obitu fundatoris iiii d . 1403. So- 
 " lut. campanario Oxon. proclamanti exequias fundatoris iiii. sc. 
 " soiidi." 
 
 Q 2 lilies
 
 228 THE LIFE OF 
 
 lings and seven pence. On his obits, the 
 chapel, we may suppose, was dressed in suit- 
 able hangings, and all the sad solemnity ob- 
 served which is usual in the Roman catholic 
 worship on such occasions. A charge is ex- 
 tant for green wax, for the making of flowers 
 round the candles. A distribution of forty 
 shillings yearly, on his anniversary, was de- 
 creed by the president and senior fellows 7 . 
 \Ve find the executors busied in settling their 
 concerns with the college. Fees were given 
 to counsel for advice, and Dr. Mayew at- 
 tended parliament on the business of the 
 society *. 
 
 It has been observed % that three prelates 
 in succession held the same bishopric an 
 hundred and nineteen years, the time be- 
 tween the consecration of Wykeham and 
 the death of Waynflete. The last had it 
 thirty-eight years and twelve days, (one year 
 less than Wykeliam, and three than Beau- 
 fort,) according to Budden b , who computes 
 from his installation, which was on the 30th 
 
 y MSS. Harl. N 424O. 
 
 1 Account-book, 1487. 
 
 a MSS. Ashmole, N 810. In the printed Catalogue, N 7484. 
 
 b P. 8.q. 
 
 of
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 229 
 
 of August 1448; or thirty-nine years, if we 
 follow Godwin cd . He was elected, we have 
 seen, on the 15th of April 1447, and conse- 
 crated on the 13th of July following. The 
 see continued vacant until the 29th of Ja- 
 nuary 1487, when Courtney bishop of Ex- 
 eter was translated to it by a bulle of Pope 
 Innocent. 
 
 I have met with no accusation of, or re- 
 flection on, Waynflete, which I have not 
 produced into open view. Humane and be- 
 nevolent in an uncommon degree, he ap- 
 pears to have had no enemies but from 
 party, and to have disarmed even these of 
 their malice. His devotion was fervent 
 without hypocrisy; his bounty unlimited 
 except by his income. As a bishop, he was 
 a kind father revered by his children : as a 
 founder, he was magnificent and munificent. 
 He was ever intent on alleviating; distress 
 
 o 
 
 and misery. He dispensed largely by his 
 almoner 6 to the poor. He enfranchised se- 
 
 c P. 232. 
 
 d 37 years, 11 months, 12 days, if computed from his instal- 
 lation, 30th Aug. 1446 ; or 39 years, 3 months, 27 days, if taken 
 from his election, 15th April 144/. EDITOR." 
 
 e Budden, p, 8/. 
 
 veral
 
 230 THE LIFE OF 
 
 veral of his vassals f from the legal bondage 
 to which they were consigned by the feudal 
 system. lie abounded in works of charity 
 and mercy. Amiable and affable in his 
 whole deportment, he was as generally be- 
 loved as respected. The prudence, fidelity, 
 and innocence, which preserved him when 
 tossed about on the variable waves of in- 
 constant fortune, during the long and mighty 
 tempest of the civil war, was justly a sub- 
 ject of wonder to his biographer, Dr. Bud- 
 den s . It is remarkable, that he conciliated 
 the favour of successive sovereigns of oppo- 
 site principles and characters; and that, as 
 this author h tells us, the kings his benefac- 
 tors were, by his address in conferring obli- 
 gations on them in his turn, converted from 
 being his creditors into his debtors. 
 
 f " Servos complures quos dura gentium constitutio dominio 
 " alieno contra naturam subjecisset libertate donabat." Budden, 
 p. 87- Ex Archiv. Wint. In Ledger-book I. occur the deeds of 
 enfranchisement. Budden, p. 87- Ex Archiv. Wint. 
 
 P. 5y. " Qua sapientia, Jide," &c. 
 
 h P. 88. 
 
 CHAP-
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 231 
 
 CHAPTER XII. 
 
 Of the Chapel and Tomb erected ly Waynflete 
 <it Winchester 9 with a further Account of 
 hia Family. 
 
 SECT. I. nP^IIE fashion of placing images 
 
 -*- on tombs standing in small 
 
 chapels or sepulchres in churches, is said to 
 
 have been invented or introduced into Eng- 
 
 o 
 
 land by an abbot of Evesharn, called 'Tho- 
 mas of Marlebergh, who died in 1/236 ; hav- 
 ing provided in his lifetime a mausoleum, 
 with the figures of two of his predecessors, 
 who were interred in it ; and his own cut in 
 marble, to be laid over his body after his 
 decease*. IJis example had met with many 
 imitators, as well among the laity as clergy. 
 The large sums which they, lavished on what 
 they could not enjoy, contributed to keep 
 alive the arts of sculpture and design. The 
 
 L O 
 
 painter, the statuary, and the architect, with 
 
 * Hugget, vol. i. 
 
 a mul-
 
 232 THE LIFE OF 
 
 a multitude of workmen in divers branches 
 employed to raise or decorate the fabric and 
 monument, found a maintenance from their 
 devotion, their vanity, or desire of surviving 
 the grave, if but in effigy. Wykeham and 
 Beaufort, Fastolf and Bekyngton, with va- 
 rious royal, noble, and eminent persons, had, 
 by preparing their own tombs, rendered the 
 usage familiar; and Waynfletc, if we may 
 conjecture from the statue, which represents 
 him of a middle age, began his soon after he 
 became a bishop. 
 
 The Episcopal Register of Bekyngton sup- 
 plies us with a curious account b of his tomb 
 in the cathedral of Wells; containing, be- 
 sides local history, a ceremonial, which per- 
 haps was observed, with some variations, by 
 Waynflete and other prelates who have 
 erected similar monuments; of which kind 
 many are yet extant in our churches. It 
 informs us, that he constructed a chapel 
 close to the presbytery, in honour of the 
 Virgin Mary, and of the glorious martyr 
 St. '] h-iinas (a Becket) ; that he consecrated 
 and dedicated it in person, on the 13th of 
 
 b Registr. Bath et Wells, ad ami. 1451. " Sepulchrum suum 
 " infra capeilarn supvadictamsubtus quasi imagines que supra sunt 
 " Vile et Mortis situatum." 
 
 Januany
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 253 
 
 January 1451, about five in the morning, 
 and afterwards performed at the aJtar, in a 
 solemn manner, the mass De Beata Virgine ; 
 that on the 1 3th at the same hour, in the 
 pontificals of his consecration-day, in which 
 too, says the entry, he uill be buried, he 
 consecrated with great devotion his sepul- 
 chre in the chapel, and then celebrated at 
 the altar, in the same attire, the mass De re- 
 quiem for the souls of bishops, of his pa- 
 rents, and of all the faithful defunct; in the 
 presence of the dean, of several canons, and 
 of a great congregation. 
 
 The sepulchre of Wykeham in the ca- 
 thedral of Winchester is inclosed in a chapel 
 of the Virgin Mary; that of Beaufort in a 
 chapel of the Salutation, as may be inferred 
 from his will ; and that of Waynflete in one 
 dedicated to St. Mary Magdalen. The open 
 sides of all these chapels afforded a view of 
 the priest officiating at the altar within, 
 while the people were kneeling on the step 
 on the outside, or on the area round about 
 them. The two hist are opposite each other, 
 on the east side of the traverse wall behind 
 the choir. 
 
 The architecture of the chapel of St. Mary 
 Magdalen is of a species which has been 
 
 deno-
 
 234 THE LIFE OF 
 
 denominated the florid Gothic* ; and which 
 was, perhaps, originally invented for shrines 
 and structures intended to be raised in 
 churches. Such fabrics, as being of smaller 
 proportions, were fitly distinguished by the 
 exuberance of its decorations, and by the 
 lightness of its fret-work; and standing, like 
 highly finished cabinets, under cover, were 
 calculated at once to display, and to pre- 
 serve uninjured, the delicacy of its orna- 
 ments. The specimens extant in the cathe- 
 dral at Winchester exhibit its gradual pro- 
 gress from comparative simplicity to its con- 
 summation. r i he chapel of Wykeham is 
 plainer than those of his two successors. 
 These resemble each other; but that of 
 Waynflete is much lighter, and richer in the 
 variegation of its roof, and the profusion of 
 the spire-work ; and for the execution of its 
 masonry, we are told d , has not been exceeded, 
 if equalled, any where in England. The 
 beauty, genius, and invention discovered in 
 these and many like monuments, should have 
 rescued the names of the artists from obli- 
 vion e . 
 
 c See AVarton on Spenser, vol. ii. p. 19], ]Q2. 
 d History of Wintcn, vol. i. p. 58. Gale, p. 35. 
 * "Walpde, Anecdotes of Painting, vol. i. p. 19-}. 
 
 Beaufort,
 
 P. [V.
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 235 
 
 Beaufort, who founded a chantry f , had 
 directed his executors to furnish his chapel 
 with handsome and necessary ornaments ; 
 as vestments for festivals, a gilded cross, his 
 images of the Salutation, to wit, the blessed 
 Virgin, and holy Gabriel bearing the urn and 
 lily ; with a cup and certain utensils of gold. 
 He had enriched the altar by a bequest of 
 a service of gilded plate, and a pair of silver 
 candlesticks, which stood on holidays in his 
 oratory for daily use; and of two of his mis- 
 sals and his larger breviary, without notes, 
 which had formerly belonged to the bishop of 
 Bath, to remain to it for ever, and to be used 
 in no other place. He had ordained, besides 
 a yearly obit to be solemnized in the church, 
 that three masses should be celebrated daily 
 for his soul, by three of the monks in the 
 
 f Ledger- book, N 1. f. 77. " Ordinatio Cantarie Dili Henrici 
 " cardinalis, &c." seems an extract of his will. SeeNichols, f.84. 
 
 The prior and convent oblige themselves to observe the injunc- 
 tions in his will, 1460. 
 
 Beaufort bequeathed to his church divers rich vestments, his bona 
 praecipua, jewels and precious ornaments ; some for the distinct use 
 of the prior. See his Will. 
 
 Of " a parcel" of gold and silver, received of his executors, to 
 make the great shrine of St. Swythyn's, see an account, Ledger- 
 book I. fol. 76. Winton cathedral. 
 
 Shrines were often macte curiously of filigraine workmanship, 
 One Peter, a Roman, made the shrine of Edward the Confessor. 
 
 chapel.
 
 230 THE LIFE OF 
 
 chapel. Wykeham * had likewise made a 
 provision for masses to be said in the chapel 
 of the Virgin Mary. 
 
 The Ledger-book of the cathedral, from 
 which Bishop Lowth has taken his account 
 of Wykeham's chantry, disappointed my 
 hope of finding in it particular information 
 concerning the chapel of St. Mary Mag- 
 dalen ; which is mentioned, as far as I have 
 been able to discover, only in the will of 
 Waynflete. It is probable he had furnished 
 it in his lifetime with missals, copes, and 
 other requisites ; that the three niches, di- 
 vided by tiers of open arches, and yet re- 
 maining in the inside at the cast end, were 
 filled with the images of the patron-saint, 
 and St. Peter and St. Paul, as seen on the 
 seal of his hall and college, as well as else- 
 where; and also that many of the masses 
 
 s Ledger-book I. fol. 17. 
 
 " De reparatione eccl~ie Swithini per "W. Wykham fact. 1404." 
 The agreement of the prior and convent to find scaffolding, sa- 
 bulum, &c. 
 
 " De Cantaria W. Wykham. Masses in capella, in qua elegit 
 " snam sepulturam infra eccles." Dated 16th Aug. 1404. 
 
 " Relaxatio corrodii de Hamela in the Rye/' follows fol. 22. 
 " dentura inter priorem et conv. Winton. et executores testamenti 
 " W. Wykham super receptis ab iisdem. 
 
 " Alia indentura." See Lowth. 
 
 said
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 237 
 
 said after his decease, were, by direction of 
 his executors, celebrated at the altar which 
 once stood beneath them. 
 
 The tomb within the chapel is of gray 
 marble. On a blue slab lies the figure of 
 the bishop, his head supported by a couple 
 of pillows, his eyes raised to heaven, his 
 hands closed as in prayer, with a heart be- 
 tween tliem h , probably in allusion to the 
 siirsum cor da of the liturgies, or to what gave 
 
 O ' ~ 
 
 rise to the form, namely, Lament, iii. 41. 
 44 Leremus corda uostra cum manibus in ccclos." 
 It exhibits him in much humbler attire than 
 Wykeham, who perhaps is arrayed in the 
 pontificals of his consecration-day. He has 
 " rich jewels on his gloves, his wristbands 
 44 studded ; the ring on the middle finger of 
 44 his right hand; the maniple i and stole k ; 
 "the double-fringed chasuble 1 ; the crosier 
 " with a pastoral crook of a singular form ; 
 
 h Budden, p. 86. describes the statue " devotissimi vatis, 
 " Ps. xxv. exemplum referre videtur : * Ad te, Jehova, animam 
 " meam attollo. Deus mi, in te confido, ne erubescam, ne ex- 
 " ultent inimici mei de me.' " 
 
 ' A sort of ornament like a scarf, worn about the wrists by Ro- 
 mish mass priests. 
 
 k An ornament worn by Romish priests over the surplice. 
 
 1 Chasuble, Fr. a priest's cope used at mass. 
 
 " and
 
 THE LIFE OF 
 
 " and the mitre richly ornamented m ." At the 
 feet, an angel clothed in white, with wings, 
 holds on his breast a shield of his arms ; as 
 also, in the centre of the middle compart- 
 ment of the roof; and often at his college, 
 where, by the library, are two angels as sup- 
 porters. The same bearing was used, it 
 seems, by the bishops of Winchester, as it 
 occurs before and after Waynflete, on the 
 tomb of Beaufort and of Fox. Formerly a 
 fillet of brass, with an inscription, it may be 
 conjectured his favourite verse of the Mag- 
 nijicat, was fixed along the edge of the slab : 
 but this has been purloined, it is likely, for 
 the sake of the metal ; and some vestiges of 
 it only were visible when about a century 
 had elapsed n . Under Beaufort then re- 
 mained, Tribitlarer si nescirem miser icordias 
 tuas. The effigy may be considered as af- 
 
 C7- - 
 
 fording an exact and authentic representa- 
 tion of the person of Waynflete; as alike 
 descriptive of his appearance in his pontifi- 
 cals, and of the piety which was so princi- 
 pal an ingredient in his character. 
 
 m Sepulchr. Monum. 
 n Tiid'en, p 66. Godwin. 
 
 The structure was repaired by the Coll. in 1741. Hist, of Win- 
 ton, vol. i. p. 58. 
 
 SECT.
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. <239 
 
 SECT. II. I HAVE endeavoured, but hi- 
 therto unsuccessfully, to obtain more parti- 
 cular information respecting Sir William 
 Brereton, the maternal grandfather of Wil- 
 liam and John Y\ aynflete. Lord Scales was 
 sent to forage with three thousand men, 
 while the Earl of Warwick besieged Pont- 
 orson in 14 ( 25, and on his return was en- 
 countered by double the number of the ene- 
 my; whom he defeated with great slaughter, 
 and then triumphantly re-entered the En- 
 glish camp, with provisions and a long train 
 of captives. It was, I apprehend, in this 
 once famous action, Brereton served under 
 that renowned commander. He was then 
 advanced beyond middle life, as John Wavn- 
 
 / 7 / 
 
 fiete at that time was dean of Chichcster. 
 In June 1474 (14 June, 14 Ed. IV.) Sir Wil- 
 liam Brereton made over to the bishop and 
 dean, jointly with Robert Brereton rector of 
 Brereton in Cheshire, and to their heirs and 
 assigns for ever, all his possessions in Lin- 
 colnshire, lie must then have attained to 
 extreme old ai>'o. 
 
 In the act of resumption , which passed 
 in the third year of King Edward, provision 
 was made, that it should not extend nor be 
 
 Titus E vii. MSS. Cotton, 
 
 pre-
 
 240 THE LIFE OF 
 
 prejudicial to Mr. John Waynflete, dean, 
 and the chapter of Chichester. He died in 
 1481, it should seem while the bishop, who 
 was one of his executors P, tarried at Mag- 
 dalen college after the departure of King 
 Edward. His funeral cost six pounds three 
 shillings and five pence. He was succeeded 
 as dean of Chichester by John Cloos q ; and 
 the bishop conferred his archdeaconry on 
 Lionel Wydevyle, whom he had presented 
 in .April 14?5 to the church of Wytteneye r . 
 Richard Patten, alias Barbour, survived 
 perhaps sir William Brereton, and, it is 
 
 P Two acquittances remain. One' " Johannis de Giglis facts 
 " fundatori pro 5. 13. 1. exequatori fratris sui Johannis W. Archi- 
 " diac. 1481. Cartae regis, &c. N6l. Index. The other, dated 
 May 1Q, 20 Ed. IV. (the same year) for lQ received for dila- 
 pidations and all repairs whatsoever by Lionel Wydevyle his suc- 
 cessor as archdeacon of Surry, mentions the bishop cc alias exe- 
 cutores. 
 
 A " Memorandum of the expenses atte the bereying of my lord 
 " and maiater deane of Chichestre. Also of other costs and pay- 
 '' ments on his death, and at his month mind " is in being. It is 
 a paper-book with the hand-writing of the bishop on some of the 
 pages, in a chest in the tower of Magdalen. 
 
 Thirty scuchouns of his armys cost v 3 . 
 
 The distribution to pore peple every man woman and childe l d 
 the day of his lercyhig amounted to xxxiii 8 iiii d . 
 
 The funeral cost vi h iii* vi d . 
 
 i Le Neve. In his Fasti, Smith follows as archdeacon instead 
 of Wydevyle. 
 
 r Registr. Waynftete. 
 
 probable,
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. g4l 
 
 probable, died before his son John Wayn- 
 tlete. He was buried in the church of All 
 Saints, which now stands above a mile di- 
 stant from Waynflete, to the north-west, in 
 the rich meadows surrounding the town on 
 
 O 
 
 the land-side. His monument is still extant 
 there, at the east end of the south aisle, close 
 by the wall that divides it from the middle 
 aisle. The arms of the bishop are mentioned 
 by Stukeley as remaining in his time in the 
 windows of the same church ; yet they are 
 not noticed by the diligent antiquary who 
 preceded him in l6 ( 2Q; who copied from the 
 painted glass in the south window of the 
 chancel 5 , Orate pro 'out Willhelmi Hezcarbe 
 Priori* c!e Kyma ct JolTis Bardney ; who ob- 
 served his family arms, Lozengy sable and 
 ermyne, in a window of the church of Croy- 
 land ; and the same arms with the lilies in 
 chief, as at Tah shale, in the south window 
 near the door of the chancel at Benning;- 
 
 o 
 
 ton 1 ; where also was his portrait with the 
 legend, 
 
 Effigies Wilir Wainflet Epi~ IVinton. 
 
 Richard 
 
 - MSS. Harl. 6829. p. 214. 
 1 Ibid. p. 210. 
 
 Mr. rickVnmi, in June IJSS, found on the painted glass in the 
 chancel souih window the half-length portrait of a bishop wi.h a 
 
 It ' fll
 
 24-2 THE LIFE OF 
 
 Richard Patten is recumbent in effigy on 
 the slab of a fair altar-tomb of alabaster, 
 within a strong moveable enclosure of 
 wooden palisades designed to defend it from 
 injury. He is represented as a tall, well- 
 made person, not aged, of a comely pleas- 
 ing countenance, without a beard, his eyes 
 open and turned upwards, his hands closed 
 as in prayer. He is bare-headed ; his hair 
 regularly divided in wavy locks from the 
 centre of the crown, and cut round, reaching 
 only to the ears. He has a large figured ring, 
 which seems to have had a stone or seal set 
 in it, on the forefinger of the right hand ; 
 and a narrow plain ring on the little finger 
 of the left. lie wears a gown or robe with 
 wide puffed sleeves arid with plaits, reaching 
 from the breast to the feet ; a broad hem or 
 border at the bottom ; and underneath, zi 
 vest or waistcoat, of which the sleeves are 
 
 tied at the wrists with double strings. The 
 
 ~ 
 
 full face and open a liable countenance, hut in features not like any 
 of the figures on the monument of Richard Patten ; and the mitre 
 different, and more splendidly decorated than the sculptured one. 
 " His right hand holds nothing in it, the ringers close, not clinch- 
 " ed, but held up and bending toward his face. His left hand ap- 
 " pears not. He had no beard." Mr. I', could see no arms, nor 
 motto; nor procure any information about him. I apprehend he 
 held the crosier in his light hand, and that the painting has suf- 
 rtTed from tempest or soire other accident since 10'20. 
 
 two
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 243 
 
 two standing collars of these garments are 
 
 ~ O 
 
 round, and closed at the neck. The inner 
 garment appears at the opening of the 
 sleeves. A belt is fastened about the waist 
 with a buckle ; the strap falling to the knee. 
 It is studded with roses of stones, and the 
 whole breadth near the end, decorated with 
 a wrought ornament terminating in a single 
 stone. From the belt hangs by the middle a 
 rosary; the ends, at which are two tassels, 
 falling parallel ; the beads roughly cut, and 
 near an inch diameter: also, by a double 
 string, a purse with two small cords, to 
 open and shut it, ending in tassels reaching 
 almost to the bottom, which has a tassel at 
 each corner. A whittle or knife was likewise 
 suspended to it; the string yet remaining 
 with a portion of the handle, and the entire 
 sheath under his right side. His feet rest on 
 
 O 
 
 scattered lilies or other flowers, and his shoes 
 have pointed toes. His head lies on a pil- 
 low placed on a cushion, with two large tas- 
 sels at the corners; and is supported on his 
 left side bv John and on his right by William 
 
 < o J 
 
 Waynilete. 
 
 John Waynflete is represented as sitting 
 with his feet drawn up, his right hand be- 
 neath the pillow, his left holding a large 
 
 n 2 open
 
 244 THE LIFE OF 
 
 open book lying on his left knee, under 
 which bis right foot is placed. lie has the 
 clerical tonsure, and his hair is cut short 
 and even. His features are strong and mas- 
 culine, bis aspect venerable, bis air solemn, 
 and bis eyes lifted up as in prayer. His 
 dress is a hood ; that, it is likely, of a ba- 
 chelor of canon law, reaching to bis loins, 
 deeply indented or scalloped at the extre- 
 mity ; with a cowl behind, like the cloak of 
 a Capuchin friar. Under it is a full flowing 
 garment with open sleeves, probably a sur- 
 plice, as be appears to be attending on the 
 last moments of bis father in the character 
 of a priest. 
 
 William Waynflete is in a similar posture, 
 his left foot placed under the bending of 
 the right knee, his left band supporting the 
 pillow. He is represented as a bishop, and 
 that hand has a glove on it from which hang 
 some small beads. The mitre on his bead is 
 set with precious stones, and richly adorned 
 with broad figured lace ; some traces of the 
 painting and gilding still visible. The mid- 
 
 I O O O 
 
 die part of the staff of the crosier, with bis 
 right arm and the band, which held it, and, 
 it is probable, bad likewise a glove on, is 
 gone ; but the lower end remains under the 
 
 shoulder
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 245 
 
 shoulder of the large statue ; and the upper, 
 reposing on his own shoulder and touch- 
 ing the mitre, has above it some imperfect 
 traces of the pastoral crook. His robes are 
 loose, flowing to his feet, and spreading on 
 the marble behind. His countenance is 
 amiable and benevolent, but serious and ex- 
 pressive of sorrow. His face resembles that 
 of his father, but is younger; and is neither 
 so broad nor so ao;ed as that of his brother. 
 
 o 
 
 The sides of the tomb are ornamented 
 with compartments carved in fret-work, al- 
 ternately of unequal width. In two at the 
 head are angels, slender figures, with curl- 
 ing hair and pentagonal caps, their wings 
 expanded, and robes flowing to their feet ; 
 holding each on his breast an armorial 
 shield, encircled with the garter, once 
 painted and gilded, tixl in a knot below. 
 Traces remain of letters, probably of the 
 usual motto. The shield on the dexter 
 
 side 1 has the bearing of William Waynflete, 
 
 c / 
 
 Lozengy three lilies in chief. The other is 
 now plain; time, it is likely, having obli- 
 terated the arms of the see of Winchester, 
 for which, perhaps, it was intended. 
 
 The wooden fence approaches the head of 
 the tomb, so as not to admit of a passage 
 
 within
 
 246 THE LIFE OF 
 
 within it, probably because the inscription 
 was placed in that part, and not on a fillet 
 round the rim ; one side being close to the 
 Avail. At that end the cornice is of free 
 stone, arid loose ; and, on removing it, light 
 enters through the transparent alabaster. 
 The middle is idled up with solid masonry. 
 A remnant of the inscription was copied in 
 1629: 
 
 novissima incmorare credo videre bona 
 
 Dm in terra viveutium 
 
 and celebrates the pious confidence of the 
 deceased, if I mistake not, by recording his 
 last words : " I believe verily to see the 
 " goodness of the Lord in the land of the 
 " living." Ps. xxvii. 15. 
 
 I can neither confirm nor confute, at pre- 
 sent, the assertion that the habit of Richard 
 Patten is that of a merchant or wealthy yeo- 
 man. He appears to me to be dressed as 
 a gentleman. King Henry had on a gown 
 or long; robe of blue velvet, when he was 
 
 o 
 
 conducted from the Tower in 1470; and 
 king Edward gave a robe, lined with sables, 
 to the captain who conveyed him to Hol- 
 land. It was a garment in general use. '1 he 
 clergy are described in 1343 as guilty of ex- 
 cess in apparel, and as resembling soldiers 
 
 in
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 247 
 
 in wearing long beards, rings on their fingers, 
 and costly girdles, having ornamented purses 
 hanging with knives, like swords, in open 
 vicw u . Beards, I suppose, were no longer 
 in fashion. The rings, the girdle, purse, and 
 knife, bespeak not a vulgar person. It had 
 been usual for shoes or boots to end in 
 pikes, designed to be tied at the knee with 
 laces of silk, or with chains of silver some- 
 times gilded ; which foppery lasted in En- 
 gland from 1382 to the third of Edward the 
 Fourth, when it was ordained by statute, 
 that no person under a lord should have 
 them exceeding two inches in length 1 . It 
 seems that Richard Patten survived this re- 
 form ; his shoes witnessing in their pikes a 
 restriction, which, as productive of no public 
 utility, has been pronounced oppressive, and 
 an infringement of personal liberty. 
 
 SECT, III. Ix the bishop ended, if I mis- 
 take not, the descendants of Hi chard Patten. 
 Guillim?, after mentioning the family of 
 
 11 Burn, Eccles. La\v, vol. ii. Privileges and Restraints of the 
 Clergy. 
 
 x Baker. 
 
 >' Heraldry, p. 408. He citeg Budden for the lilies in the arms 
 of "Wavnflpte. 
 
 that
 
 248 THE LIFE OF 
 
 that name bearing " Fitidij ermine and sable, 
 " a canton or" as of good note and anti- 
 quity, has given to William and John, a bro- 
 ther named " Richard, that lived and died 
 " at Baslowe in Derbyshire;" and being a 
 layman, had issue Humphrey, who seated 
 himself in Lancashire, where his descendents 
 then lived at Warrington ; from whom, con- 
 tinues he, Thomas Patten oi'Thornley, in the 
 said county, gentleman, is descended. But 
 the canton or would have been retained by 
 William when he added the lilies, and would 
 have appeared in the arms without them at 
 Eton, and in the window at Croyland, if it 
 had belonged to his family. Ilolinshcd z is 
 silent as to the offspring of this Richard ; 
 though Godwin 3 tells us he left children at 
 Baslowe, whose posterity, as he heard, were 
 still found in those parts. He and his de- 
 scendents arc met with perhaps in other 
 authors b ; but it was GuiHim, J apprehend, 
 
 who 
 
 ''- Chronicle, vol. ii. p. ( )2/. " W. eldest brother to John, and 
 ' f to Richard that lived and died at Boslo in Derbyshire." 
 
 a De Prnss. p 232. " ubi libcros rcliquit, quorum posted, 
 " quantum audio, in illis adhuc regionibus reperiuntur." He men- 
 tions I.juddi n's Life with commendations. 
 
 b Fuller's Worthies, printed in l6o"2, p. 56. " William, eld- 
 " est son to Richard Patten, an ancient esquire in this count}-, and 
 
 (( I un~
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 249 
 
 who first introduced him and them to the 
 public. 
 
 Patten, it has been observed, was a sur- 
 name not uncommon. Families distinguished 
 
 O 
 
 by it, may have subsisted at the same time 
 in Derbyshire, Lancashire, and Lincolnshire, 
 and may yet subsist, eacli as distinct and 
 separate from the other as the counties. 
 But supposing Thomas Patten of Thornley 
 to be derived from Richard of Baslow, we 
 have reason to believe his pedigree wrongly 
 deduced from the father of William and 
 John Waynflete, "NVhy are these two only 
 represented on his tomb ? ^Vhy did sir 
 William Brereton, in the assignment of his 
 estates, omit this third brother ? But further, 
 if this Richard survived William and John, 
 or left children, would not he or they have 
 been heir to the bishop ? Yet another 
 claimant is on record , Juliana Churchstilc, 
 
 who, 
 
 " I understand that at this day they remain at Barsloe in Derby- 
 " shire, descended from the said esquire." 
 
 William Patten had to his brethren John of Waynfleet, and 
 Richard Patten of Baselow in Derbyshire. A. Wood. Gutch, 
 p. 300\ 
 
 " W. Waynilet, sonne and heire of Richard Pattyn that lived at 
 " Ea.slo in Derbyshire." MSS. Ashmole, NS10. In the printed 
 Catalogue, N/484. 
 
 c J3uddon, p. 55. e Registro Coll. " Sciant praesentes et futuri 
 
 " quod
 
 250 THE LIFE OF 
 
 who, wanting to alienate a farm, which she 
 asserted to belong to her as his relation, and 
 proving her affinity as required by law, 
 declares herself " widow and late wife of 
 " Richard Churchstile deceased, kinswoman 
 " and heir of master "William de Wayn- 
 " flete, late bishop of Winchester; to wit, 
 " sole daughter and heir of Robert Patten, 
 " brother and heir of Richard Patten, oilier- 
 " wise called Barbour, of Waynflete, father 
 " of the bishop." 
 
 The authority of Guillim appears to have 
 been a pedigree given in by Thomas Patten 
 of Thornley, and signed by Norroy king at 
 arms, at the visitation at Ormskirk in Lan- 
 cashire on the eighth of April 16'6'5. Thomas 
 Patten, or the herald employed by him, 
 seems first to have connected Richard Pat- 
 ten of JJaslow in Derbyshire, if such a per- 
 son ever existed, with Richard Patten of 
 Waynflete in Lincolnshire, and then to have 
 
 " quod ego Juliana Churchstilia, vidua, nuper uxor Rich. Church - 
 fe stile defuncti,consanguinea et hsercs magistri Willielmi de \Vayn- 
 " flete, nuper Winton. episcopi : videlicet, unica filia et haeres Ro- 
 " berti Patten, fratris et haeredis Richard! Patten (alias dicti Bar- 
 " hour) de Waynflete, patris pnedicti Willielmi de Waynflete, 
 " nuper episcopi, in pura viduatate mea," &c. E Registro Coft, 
 I examined Registr. A without finding it. 
 
 removed
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 251 
 
 removed his son Humphrey into Lancashire, 
 to provide the family established in this 
 county with an ancestor of eminence. 
 
 Waynflete, we may remember, has de- 
 clared that he had demurred whether to 
 found a college, or distribute his goods to the 
 poor in his lifetime. The enriching of his 
 family is not an alternative. No preference 
 is given to, nor provision made for, kinsmen 
 at his college, as by Wykeham ; neither is 
 there mention of any relation in his will. 
 Perhaps Juliana Churchstile was the only 
 one remaining, was in affluence, and with- 
 out children. 
 
 CHAP-
 
 252 THE LIFE OF 
 
 CHAPTER XIII. 
 
 Proceedings at Magdalen College after the 
 Death of Jf'ayiijlcte, with an Account of 
 some Benefactors and Members of the So- 
 ciety, particularly Wuley. 
 
 SECT. I. r j^HE desire to promote religion 
 -*~ and learning planted by Wayn- 
 flete in his college, having taken root in his 
 lifetime, continued to increase and flourish 
 after his death ; and his intention, where the 
 society had knowledge of it, was a rule for 
 their conduct, and fulfilled by them with re- 
 spec tf u 1 d e fe re n c e . 
 
 A mono; the nobles attainted by the first 
 
 o ~ 
 
 parliament of Henry the Seventh was lord 
 Lovell, who raised an army, which dispersed 
 on proclamation of pardon in I486'; and in 
 the following year he perished in battle 41 . 
 
 Baker. 
 
 Francis lord Lovell was created a viscount 22 Edw. IV, was 
 slain at the battle of Stoke, 3 Hen. VII j when, he having no issue, 
 the title became extinct. 
 
 The president and scholars celebrated exequies after his death, 
 and were allowed a pittance, as at the same ceremony for lady 
 Danvers and other benefactors. 
 
 The
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 253 
 
 The society appointed a chaplain, with a sa- 
 lary for life, to say masses at Brackley for 
 his soul and that of his consort ; for the souls 
 of their progenitors, of the benefactors to 
 the college, and of all the faithful defunct; 
 and to take care of the buildings and con- 
 
 o 
 
 cerns of the hospital. He was allowed a 
 chamber contiguous to the church on the 
 south side, with a garden ; and a clerk, who 
 had the custody of the books, vestments, 
 and other property. 
 
 John Anwykyll, the first master of Mag- 
 dalen school, whose merit and skill in his 
 profession recommended him to the notice 
 of Yv'aynflete, had conceived and composed 
 for its use a new form of teaching, which 
 met with general approbation. The society 
 in consideration of his deserts, the excel- 
 lence of his science, and the labour bestow- 
 ed on his work, and in pursuance of the 
 will of the founder, settled on him (28 June, 
 I486'-?) a salary of ten pounds annually for 
 fifteen years, if he should reside so long in 
 Oxford with his wife and family, reading 
 and teaching with diligence and effect, 
 grummaticals, poems, elegancies, and other 
 arts of humanity. lie engaged under a pe- 
 nalty of ten pounds; and promised to en- 
 deavour
 
 THE LIFE OF 
 
 deavour to qualify some fit pupils to become 
 instructors in his method. They also granted 
 him a tenement to live in, as Waynflete had 
 designed b . But he did not long enjoy this 
 establishment; for in 1487-8 the master was 
 John Stanbryge, before usher c , the com- 
 piler of a noted grammar called by his name. 
 John Holte, probationer-fellow in 1490, was 
 another celebrated teacher, and also author 
 of a grammar much used, printed about 1497> 
 and dedicated to Moreton then archbishop of 
 Canterbury. The society persevered in con- 
 sulting the profit, continuation, and ad- 
 vancement, as well of the scholars as of the 
 school, which Waynflete had closely con- 
 nected with the college. Able pedagogues, 
 grammarians, and philologists, were produ- 
 ced at a period when they were rare, and it 
 was in o'ood measure owing to his munifi- 
 
 o o 
 
 h Registr. A. fol. 6l. 
 
 c Registr. A. fol. 71. 
 
 Thomas, brother of John Stanbryge, had a celebrated school at 
 Banburyj which Hugh Oldham, bishop of Exeter, approved as a 
 model for his seminary instituted at Manchester about 1518, and 
 in which Thomas Pope the future founder of Trinity college was 
 initiated in the Stanbryge grammar. Warton's Life of Sir T. Pope, 
 p. 5, 2d edit. 
 
 Robert Whiiiingron, author of a treatise of grammar, was a 
 scholar of Jehu Stanbryge. A. Wood, Ath. Oxou. p. 8. 
 
 cence
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 255 
 
 fence that soon after the union of the two 
 Pi oses, an acquaintance with languages be- 
 o-aii to be generally diffused over the na- 
 tion. 
 
 At a time when books were not common 
 as now, and knowledge was acquired chiefly 
 from oral instruction, the lecturers esta- 
 blished by Waynflete contributed largely to 
 the promotion of their respective sciences, 
 as well in the university, then destitute of 
 public professors in their faculties, as in the 
 college. On the departure of Grocyn, who 
 had preferment given him, the society con- 
 sidered of many fit persons to succeed him ; 
 but few were willing to undertake the daily 
 task of reading, and most tied from honours 
 and rewards to be obtained only by very 
 great labour and study. This they repre- 
 sented to his patron archbishop Moreton by 
 letter (23d December 1488), expressing their 
 
 regret for the loss of that most excellent lee- 
 
 ~ 
 
 turcr and interpreter of the Scriptures, and 
 inform ins; him it was their warm and general 
 
 o o 
 
 desire, that Mr, Thomas Lynley, whom they 
 had chosen unanimously, might be sent back 
 to them ; and that his compliance with their 
 petition would be a matter highly acceptable 
 
 to
 
 256 THE LIFE OF 
 
 to God and the society d . Their attention 
 to procure a worthy supply for an office, to 
 which so great a burthen was annexed with 
 
 O 
 
 so much utility, is a proof that the spirit of 
 the founder presided at their deliberations, 
 and was still among; them. 
 
 ^j 
 
 The AVhite Friars of New Shoreham in 
 Sussex had suffered by tempest and the sea. 
 Their convent was surrounded with water, 
 and destroyed, and they were unable to 
 support and maintain there, " devyne" ser- 
 vice, as had been the custom of "longe tyme 
 " passid." The society " having yt in ten- 
 " der consideration," at the desire of many 
 worshipful persons of the order, and in con- 
 sequence of the good will and devotion that 
 their " fownder lord William Wayneflete 
 " had all way to this bL'ssul intent," and of 
 his giving them " commandment by his lyve 
 " daies this to be put in execution,'"' grant- 
 ed (20th November, 1492) to the provincial 
 and to the late prior and their brethren, the 
 priory of Seale, the covent garden, containing; 
 
 ** o 
 
 lour acres, and a dove-house, with the re- 
 ceipt of the yearly offerings made in the 
 
 d Registr. A. ful. 05. 
 
 church
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 257 
 
 church of Scale ; they paying to the college 
 three shillings and four pence every Easter; 
 on condition they should keep divine service 
 there after their power, and pray devoutly 
 in their masses for the soul of master William 
 Waynflete, of John late duke of Norfolk, 
 founder of the priory, and for his ancesture ; 
 for the good estate and prosperity of my 
 lady Elizabeth, lady of Norfolk, and of the 
 president and scholars of Magdalen, " that 
 " now byn or yn tyrne comyng shall be e ." 
 These Carmelites continued in possession 
 until the Reformation, when the priory was 
 granted by the king to Richard Andrews and 
 Nicholas Temple ; from whom Owin and. 
 Clement Oglethorpe obtained it by bargain 
 and sale, and making it over to the presi- 
 dent, restored, and again united it to the 
 college f . 
 
 The corner-stone s of the great tower, now 
 
 o 
 containing ten bells, was laid by Dr. Mayew 
 
 e Registr. A. fol. S3. 
 
 Scale in gn~re, JX n. Index. 
 
 Prioratus de Sela. Vetus et Nova Shoram, v. N33. 
 
 Litera Anthonii cujusdam ad W. 
 J MSS. Harl. N4240, p. 15. 
 Registr. A. fol. 8u. 7 Hen. VII. 
 
 A. Wood,, p, 211, <e Peracta vero an. 14Q8; Wolseio tune coll, 
 bursario." 
 
 s on
 
 258 THE LIFE OF 
 
 on the ninth of August 1492. The founder 
 had then been dead only six years. We may 
 reasonably conclude, that the edifice had its 
 origin from instructions given by him to the 
 president and society ; nor is it improbable 
 that he had both seen and approved of the 
 plan. Mr. Richard Gosmorc, one of the 
 lecturers in philosophy, and middle bursar 
 when it was begun, was made supervisor of 
 the work, with a stipend for his trouble; and 
 also paymaster, being intrusted with money 
 beforehand for that purpose, jointly with the 
 president or some other person. He conti- 
 nued, if not longer, until the last term of 
 the year 1498-9, when he succeeded Mr. 
 Jternes, who died, aged an hundred, in the 
 office of vice-president, which he had held 
 thirty years, and of which he augmented 
 the stipend by a donation of lands at 
 Hedinojton, near Oxford h . In lo(XM Mr. 
 
 o 
 
 Prutt, the junior bursar, is named as having 
 
 h See the decree of the president and senior fellows for the an- 
 nual payment of this pension, MSS. Harl. N4240. 
 
 His epitaph is preserved by A. Wood, p. 210, from a brass plats 
 n a stone in the ante-chapel : 
 
 Hie jacet extinctus lapidis sub mole vetusti 
 
 Qui quondam huic operi subsitus auctor erat, 
 Nomine Ricardus Barnes arte magister, et hujus 
 
 Causa movcns, stadium, spes, decus omne, domus, etc. 
 
 the
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 259 
 
 the care of the edifice, and it is likely he 
 was appointed in the room of Gosmore ; but 
 the precise time of his entering on this de- 
 partment is not ascertained, the account- 
 book of the preceding year not having been 
 found. The trust was distinct from the bur- 
 sarship, and we have no reason to conclude 
 there was any interval of superintendency 
 between Gosmore and Prutt; or, supposing 
 one, that it was filled by Wulcy, to whom 
 
 the honour of erecting this structure has 
 
 <_> 
 
 been transferred 1 from Waynflete, the pre- 
 sident, and society; as far as I have been 
 able to discover, without any foundation, 
 
 SECT. II. KING Henry the Seventh ho- 
 noured the college with a visit in 1486-7, 
 when he offered a noble at the altar k . The 
 preparations for his reception, with the ex- 
 penses, may be seen in the account-book of 
 the year. After his decease, the society ce- 
 lebrated annually an obit for him, and still 
 continues a commemoration of him, as abe- 
 
 5 Fiddes, Life of Wolsey, p. 6. 
 When bursar of the college in I4p2 he erected the Tower. 
 
 New Oxford Guide. 
 
 * " Ollationes. Et de Sacrista una cum nobil. oblat. a metuen- 
 '' diisimo principe Hen. ? mo , xxvii 8 iii d ." Lib. Comp. 1487-8. 
 
 s 2 nefactor,
 
 260 THE LIFE OF 
 
 nefactor, on the first of May l ; " when," says 
 Antony Wood, " the choral ministers of 
 " this house do, according to antient cus- 
 " torn, salute Flora from the top of the tower 
 " at four in the morning, with vocal music 
 " of several parts ; which having been some- 
 " times well performed, hath given great 
 " content to the neighbourhood and au- 
 " ditors underneath/' The rectory of Slim- 
 bridge in Gloucestershire pays ten pounds 
 a-year to be distributed on this occasion ; 
 being, if I mistake not, part of the produce 
 of a distinct portion of tythes, there given 
 by this monarch. He died in 1509. 
 
 Prince Arthur, son of king Henry, twice 
 took up his abode at Magdalen college in 
 1501, being entertained in the lodgings by 
 Dr. Mayew, then almoner to the king m . 
 This excellent governor, whose presidentship 
 forms a distinguished epoch in the history of 
 the society,dicd bishop of Hereford, to which 
 see he was promoted in 1504. He was suc- 
 ceeded by John Claymond, bachelor of 
 divinity, who had been educated from his 
 cradle in the college, was a correspondent 
 
 1 A. Wood, p. 233. Gutch, p. 350. 
 m Account.. book. 
 
 of
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 261 
 
 of Erasmus, and eminent for his learning. It 
 was provided by a decree of this president, 
 and the thirteen seniors, under the common 
 seal (2T6th July 1.509), that mention should 
 be made of his soul, and of the souls of his 
 parents and friends, yearly, by the priest who 
 celebrated the mass De requie at the obit of 
 the founder and benefactors in Midsummer 
 term ; and he was to pray for them specially 
 in the mass at the exequies of the dead, 
 during an hundred years, using the collect 
 
 O J ~ 
 
 " Dens, indulgent iarum Domtne., da" with 
 the secret and prostration ; to be paid from 
 a sum of money given by the bishop. More- 
 over, from a regard to his memory, and in 
 consideration of the benefits derived from 
 him, it was granted, as far as they had power, 
 that the souls mentioned should have parti- 
 cipation in all the masses and prayers said in 
 future in the college, and in all works of cha- 
 rity performed by the society for cver n . 
 
 Bishop Fox obtained for the college, in 
 1488, a license of mortmain for one hundred 
 pounds a year. The society, in return for 
 his generosity in offering so valuable a pre- 
 sent, and for the great affection which he 
 
 " MS. Hail. JX4240, " in exequiis ex tune pridie celebrandis." 
 
 bore
 
 262 THE LIFE OF 
 
 bore them, decreed unanimously, that espe- 
 cial mention should be made of him daily 
 by a chaplain in his mass, with the prayer 
 " Rege, qutfsumus, Domine, famuhim tuum" 
 and with the secret and prostration ; that 
 after his death they would celebrate solemn 
 exequies, and a morrow-mass, and continue 
 an anniversary obit for him as for other prin- 
 cipal benefactors, at which all their mem- 
 bers in the university should be obliged to 
 attend ; and that his name should be in- 
 serted in the vellum tablets placed over the 
 altars in the chapel. 
 
 An intimacy had commenced between 
 Fox and Claymond about I486, as it is said 
 to have subsisted thirty years , when the bi- 
 shop prevailed on him to quit his station at 
 Magdalen college in 1516'; and, with the 
 vice-president, Morwent, to undertake the 
 government of the college of Corpus Christi, 
 which he had founded at Oxford. He like- 
 wise adopted the statutes of Waynflete for 
 his model ; and ordered that all the bache- 
 lors and masters of arts should attend the 
 lecturers in moral and natural philosophy, 
 and in divinity, at Magdalen ; and that, 
 
 Sudden. A. Wood, p. 190. Ayliffe, p. 3?0. 
 
 wlien
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 263 
 
 when any epidemical distemper should re- 
 quire the removal of his society from Oxford, 
 it should abide, if a convenient place could 
 be procured, near that of Magdalen p . But he 
 did not follow the statutes which regulate the 
 succession of the deinvs and fellows. The 
 
 */ 
 
 vacancy in his society is filled by the senior 
 scholar; and the two orders consisting of an 
 equal number, his place is supplied by a 
 young student of the same diocese or county 
 as the late scholar. The bishop was a patron 
 of AYulcy, who succeeded him in his see HI 
 1530. 
 
 Claymond continued an affectionate at- 
 
 J 
 
 tention to Magdalen college after his re- 
 moval to Corpus. He placed in the alms- 
 house four beds, which were called by his 
 name. In 1532 he gave his estates to the 
 society, imitating the example of his founder 
 Waynflete. for the use of indigent scholars; 
 
 / c^ 
 
 to wit, four fellows and three demys ; the 
 seven to be called Claytnond's scholars, who 
 were to pray for him ; and for masses; and 
 fora dividend on Palm-Sunday : the residue 
 to be reposited mClaymond's chest, for the re- 
 
 P Budden, p. 36. E Lib. Statut. Coll. C.C. c. 23. Claymond 
 resigned atMagd. 2d Decera. 1510. 
 
 pairs
 
 201 THE LIFE OF 
 
 pairs which his beds might require. He well 
 remembered, as is set forth in the compo- 
 sition, the poverty he had experienced while 
 young, with that of many of the same col- 
 lege ; and that not a few, of good disposi- 
 tion and great expectation, had been forced 
 by it to quit the university and abandon 
 learning; it was his wish to obviate similar 
 want, and lessen it as far as was in his power. 
 Moreover, he. Monvent, and lligden one 
 of the fellows, from a desire of leaving be- 
 hind them a memorial of the close friend- 
 ship which had united them while living, in 
 testimony of their sincere and mutual re- 
 gard, delivered to the president sixty pounds, 
 to purchase lands to the clear value of three 
 pound* a vear : which was done at Stanlake, 
 on condition that the society should cele- 
 brate exequies and a mass for them jointly, 
 as for other benefactors, on the first Mon- 
 day in Lent, when the money was to be dis- 
 tributed in certain portions : four shillings 
 to be laid out in straw, when most wanted. 
 for the prisoners at Oxford ; the remainder 
 (a marc or nearly) to be expended on Clay- 
 ni' nd's beds; or. if they needed not, to be 
 bestowed on objects of charity by the vice- 
 president. 
 
 SECT.
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 265 
 
 SECT. III. OF the persons once great or 
 famous, whom Waynrlete sa\v grow up at 
 his hall or college, and become, under his 
 auspices, (to repeat a metaphor before used 
 of him,) as tall cedars, and of his own plan- 
 tation, our knowledge, if any, is obscure and 
 imperfect. Xo regular entry q was made, or 
 subsists, of the admission of members to com- 
 mon-, or on the foundation, until the time of 
 president \Sayew (20 Ed. IV.); the College- 
 reaister commencing from the first of August 
 1480. Besides various grave and learned 
 men, ornaments of his society, he lef* .;i it 
 two striplings, Colet and \\ ulcy, who after- 
 wards emulated the generosity and pursued 
 the footsteps of their founder. 
 
 \Yulcy, by his own account, passed not 
 fifteen years when he became bachelor of 
 arts 1 ", which was in 1485. lie was a scholar 
 therefore of Magdalen and the university, 
 about 1480, and in the eleventh year of his 
 avre; provided a standing of four academical 
 years was then, as now, necessarv for that 
 
 c . The Register A. seems partly n transcript from minutes, with 
 additions ; a?, f. 1. Dr. Mayew is said to have been sent,, cS;c. by the 
 founder, tune siiperttitem ; and again, f. 60. 
 
 r LiteofWulcy, p. .5. Fiddes relates that he took the degree 
 of B, A; at fourteen. Athen. O.xon. vol. i. p. Cod. Sec. 
 
 degree.
 
 266 THE LIFE OF 
 
 decree. As he was of the college before the 
 statutes were given, an oath required, or 
 elections held, his name should appear in 
 some subsequent entry in the Register. His 
 youth was more surprising, and his progress 
 at Oxford more rapid, than I suppose, if 
 indeed, as one of his biographers 8 relates, he 
 commenced a bachelor "a few months" after 
 his arrival at college. He was fortunate in 
 having a vacancy for the diocese of Nor- 
 wich happen early, or in being the first ad- 
 mitted on it ; and ceased to be a demy very 
 soon after he was statutably qualified to be 
 chosen to it, if, as is said, he was bachelor 
 of arts but a little while before he was elected 
 fellow. 
 
 John Colet, afterwards dean of St. Paul's, 
 became a member of Waynflete's college 1 
 about the year 1483. I suppose he was 
 elected a demy. As he was born in 1466, 
 he was four years older than A\ ulcy, and 
 then in his seventeenth year. It is related 
 that a valuable rectory was given him in 
 1485, which, being then an acolyte, he was 
 qualified to hold by the usage of the Romish 
 
 British Plutarch. 
 
 * Knight's Life of Colet, p. 13. 
 
 church.
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 267 
 
 church. But was it tenable with the foun- 
 dation at Magdalen ? He took the degree 
 of master of arts about 1490. 
 
 The Greek tongue had been studied in 
 Italy near a century u before the taking of 
 Constantinople by the Turks, which event 
 was followed by an influx of fugitives, chiefly 
 into the adjacent countries ; and one of the 
 citizens, a knight of the golden cross, named 
 Emanuel, is mentioned as having been most 
 kindly received in England by Vvaynflete; 
 who, in consideration of his losses, procured 
 him a sift of twenty pieces of gold from the 
 royal treasury*. The spreading of Greek 
 was a consequence of that great event, but 
 we may question whether it extended to 
 this country in the lifetime of Waynflete; 
 though he opened his three schools, we are 
 told by president Humphrey y , that the seeds 
 of Greek and the humaner literature might 
 be sown early in different parts of the king- 
 dom, to yield a plentiful increase through the 
 whole nation ; and it is related by another 
 
 " Sec Wart on. 
 
 x Budden, p, SS. " E pella cxitus." 
 
 >" "' De Graec:s litcris, et Homeri lectione, extrui et aperiri vo- 
 ' luit, ut diversis reg:ii locis Grcecarum et humaniorum literarum 
 " semina sparsa in forcundam segetem totius reipub. excrcscerent." 
 Cornucopia Hadrian! Junii. Basil, 1558, 
 
 author,
 
 268 THE LIFE OF 
 
 author z , that he provided a master and 
 usher to teach the rudiments at his college, 
 and settled there a particular professor, to 
 confirm and perfect the maturer scholars in 
 that language. The fame of it, at least, 
 must have reached him ; and, as he pos- 
 sessed an enlarged understanding, we may 
 suppose that he conceived no aversion to it. 
 The public tranquillity which ensued on the 
 union of the houses of York and Lancaster 
 was favourable to letters ; and the members 
 of his college, perhaps incited and animated 
 by his declared intention, appeared among 
 the most early and zealous promoters of 
 their revival in England. Colct, who left 
 Oxford in 1493 to visit Italy, found Gro- 
 cyne and Linaccr already at Florence, and 
 Latymcr at Padua, studying Greek under 
 famous masters : and at Rome met with 
 Lilye, who had acquired proficiency in it at 
 llhodes. To Grocyne a , who probably re- 
 turned first, is commonly assigned the ho- 
 nour of having introduced the new tono-ue 
 
 CJ C> 
 
 into England. Erasmus endeavoured to 
 promote the knowledge of it at Oxford in 
 1500; but the ii.onks raised an outcry against 
 
 2 Knislu's Life of Colet, p. 120. 
 * Grocyn died about 1520, 
 
 it
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 269 
 
 it as heretical, and it was not taught without 
 opposition in the universities until about 
 thirty years after. 
 
 King Henry the Eighth, from good will 
 
 to the college, and on account of its cele- 
 
 ~ * 
 
 brity for learning, sent to it in 1512 Regi- 
 nald Pole, his relation, afterwards a car- 
 dinal, when Linacer and Latymer were 
 chosen for his preceptors b . Me was about 
 twelve years old, and an apartment was 
 provided for him in the lodgings of the pre- 
 sident. 
 
 Colet, who returned to England in 1497? 
 was admitted to the reading of the sen- 
 tences, or the degree c of bachelor of divi- 
 nity, about 1501, and to that of doctor d in 
 1504. He appointed Grocyne and Sowle 
 to read divinity lectures at St. Paul's, and 
 founded his school for the instruction of 
 youth in Greek and Latin. The Eight Parts 
 of Speech, or English Introduction to the 
 Grammar, was compiled by him, and dedi- 
 cated to Lilyc, his first master; who at his 
 
 b British Plutarch. Pole was born in 1500. King Henry the 
 Seventh died in 1509, Bur see Account-book. He took a bache- 
 lor's degree set. 15 
 
 c Fasti, i. 4, 
 
 * Ibid. 7. 
 
 request
 
 270 THE LIFE OF 
 
 request composed the Latin Syntax, which 
 was reviewed and altered by Erasmus. He 
 consumed his entire patrimony, and made 
 over a solid inheritance, for the purposes of 
 education ; desiring nothing more ardently 
 than the bringing up of children in learning 
 and good manners 6 . He died in 1519, aged 
 fifty-three. 
 
 Wulcy, in 1528, prefixed to Lilye's English 
 Syntax an epistle, with directions for teach- 
 ing the eight classes f of his school at Ips- 
 wich. Offended at the behaviour of the 
 monks, he procured the suppression of se- 
 veral abbeys and convents, to endow with 
 their revenues the college he had erected at 
 Oxford. lie employed persons to collect 
 copies of the best books then extant, for its 
 use ; and was zealous to transplant into it 
 the most eminent men of other universities. 
 He was also the founder of the first Greek 
 professorship in that of Oxford. Learning, 
 if not religion, had reason to regret his down- 
 fall. 
 
 c Epistle of Coiet to Lily, recommending the use of the Latin 
 Syntax, in 1513. Lilye died in 1522, aetat. 54: therefore born 
 1468. 
 
 f A, Wood, Athen. Oxon. p. 8. 125, 
 
 SECT.
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 71 
 
 SECT. IV. FIDDES*, in his Life of Wulcy, 
 would have us consider the tower of Mas;- 
 
 o 
 
 dalen college as an early essay of his great 
 and enterprising mind ; and the Biographia 
 informs us, it is called Wolsey's Tower, and is 
 an instance of his good taste in architec- 
 ture 11 . Yet in 1492, when it was begun, 
 Wulcy was only twenty-one years old ; and, 
 if we allow him to have been author of the 
 fabric, it was indeed a most extraordinary 
 as well as an early essay, and his skill at that 
 age must excite more wonder than even his 
 good taste in architecture. But is it likely 
 that in so large a society, under so grave 
 and prudent a governor as Dr. Mayew, and 
 at that rera of collegiate subordination and 
 
 O 
 
 discipline, when, too, the chief management 
 of all weighty business was in the hands of the 
 president and thirteen seniors, young Wulcy, 
 at his time of life, and but recently a master 
 of arts, should have had any power for the 
 planning, or even influence for the promot- 
 ing, of such a structure ? 
 
 Fiddes mentions an oral report in the so- 
 ciety, that Wulcy was involved in difficulties 
 by applying the public money, while bursar. 
 
 s Life of Wolsey, p. 6. 
 
 * Repeated in a note in Gutch without reference, 
 
 to
 
 272 THE LIFE OF 
 
 to the tower without sufficient warrant ; and, 
 as some pretended, by forcibly obtaining 
 from the treasury the supplies necessary to 
 carry on the work ; an act of violence which 
 he considers as improbable, or would ac- 
 count for by supposing that he met with 
 opposition which he deemed unfair, and 
 contrary to some previous trust conferred 
 on him ; " yet wherein the society might 
 " afterwards think convenient, by reason of 
 " the growing unexpected expenses of the 
 " building, that he should be restrained." 
 Oral report, when it relates to distant events, 
 seldom deserves to be recorded. However, 
 it is not difficult to vindicate Wulcy from 
 the abuse of office, or the robbery which 
 this would fix on him ; and as my researches 
 deprive him of all pretensions to the honour 
 of erecting the tower, it will not be amiss, that 
 
 O 
 
 they clear his conduct and character from 
 foul and unmerited aspersion concerning it. 
 The surplus of the college-income, when 
 all expenses were paid, was then annually 
 reposited in the lower room of a tower con- 
 structed as a place of security by Waynflete. 
 There stood the two chests of the founder, 
 that of Forman, that established in 148.5 by 
 William Lumbarde, rector of Stratton super 
 
 Fosse
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE, 273 
 
 Fosse in the diocese of Worcester, who <>ave 
 an hundred marks for the use of the bursars, 
 the sum taken out of it to be replaced al- 
 ways at the end of the year ; with other 
 chests'. The door to it was not accessible 
 but through the lodgings of the president, 
 or by a staircase from the chapel, and at 
 either place Wulcy was not fool or madman 
 enough to think of forcing an entrance. 
 
 Wulcy was twice bursar while the tower 
 was building. 
 
 From Michaelmas 1498-9 to the following 
 Michaelmas he was junior or third bursar, 
 when his business was to superintend the 
 conduct of the brewhouse, bakehouse, and 
 slaughterhouse ; and in the latter to take an 
 account of the skins, fat, and wool, all which 
 were sold, and the produce carried to the 
 public stock at the expiration of the office, 
 which was animal. The king was this year 
 
 ' Mutuum Placiiorum cista in media turn, 1408. 
 
 Jocalium. Recept. 14S2, pro vasis argenteis, 15. 15.2. 
 Hinc factum cst Mutuum Jocalium cista in prae- 
 dicta camera pro jocalibus reponendis, et vasis ar- 
 genteis, quse non sint quotidiani usus. 
 de lonis Collegii, cista cujus mentio 14S8. 
 Oifta in;hi$ trice Bursar. J4S4. Dr. Clerke. 
 The last contained, I apprehend, the produce of the wool and 
 :.ither articles which the bursars sold, and accounted for to the au- 
 ditors liiv.Icr the general title Minutes Venditiones, 
 
 T at
 
 J74 THE LIFE OF 
 
 at Wotlstoke, and the sum of forty shillings 
 is charged for wine, given at, different times 
 to several of the nobility at the lodo,'ino-s and 
 
 - C^ i^_- 
 
 in town, at the discretion of the bursars. 
 
 From a regard to his capacity, it is likely 
 Wulcy was selected while a demy to be qua- 
 lified for a teacher, by longer application to 
 classical learning than was commonly al- 
 lowed, under that able preceptor Anwykyll. 
 He took the degree of master of arts pro- 
 bably in 1490 or 1491, at the age only of 
 nineteen or twenty years. He became ma- 
 ster of Magdalen school not long after, we 
 are told, but not .truly; as it was in 1498-9, 
 \vheu he was also bursar, that he succeeded 
 Mr. Sharbott (not Thomas Brynknell as in 
 the Biograpbia) in that office, and was ho- 
 noured with the attendance of the sons of 
 the marquis of Dorset. He received only 
 half of the stipend, five pounds for two 
 terms. lie was then possessed of a fair 
 reputation ibr morals as well as learning; 
 or lie would not have been appointed to 
 I hat department by such a president as Dr. 
 Mayew. 
 
 In the following year, 14-99-ljOO, AVulcy 
 was elected senior bursar; another proof 
 (hat his behaviour had been hitherto satis- 
 factory. The account-book is missing, and 
 
 from
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 275 
 
 from the roll, which remains, I could collect 
 nothing remarkable ; but that year is noticed 
 tor its dearness, and for the absence of the 
 fellows from the college (owing probably to 
 a scarcity of provisions at or near Oxford). 
 In the roll of the bursars of the subsequent 
 year, Chary Is Gale and Pratt are marked 
 as having incurred no inconsiderable debt 
 to the college, as having failed of paying 
 when they promised, and as leaving heavy 
 burthens to fall on their successors. 
 
 Fiddes relates that the tower was finished 
 at the time of Yv nicy's institution to the liv- 
 ing of Lvminffton in Somersetshire, (which 
 
 '* O ** O N 
 
 was the 10th of October, 1500,) when he was 
 twenty-nine years old, and was bursar ac- 
 cording to \\ ood. Yet this author does not 
 refer its completion to his bursarship in 
 1500, but in 1498-9; and it appears from 
 my extracts of the account-books, and the 
 yearly college-rolls, that it was not finished 
 before, if so soon as, 1503-4. But that he 
 was free from any imputation of misma- 
 nagement or violence, and that he had ful- 
 filled the duties of his station with propriety, 
 may be fairly inferred from his being per- 
 mitted to proceed to the degree of bachelor 
 
 T C 2 Ot
 
 276 THE LIFE OF 
 
 of divinity, which he took in June 1500-1, 
 and from his election to another and higher 
 office in the college immediately on the ex- 
 piration of his last bursarsbip* 
 
 Wulcy was dean of divinity, Ilygden and 
 Stubbys deans of arts, in lj()0-l. lie re- 
 ceived the stipend for the year, forty shil- 
 lings. It belonged to his department to 
 
 ~ ~ i 
 
 provide the livery which the founder had 
 ordered to be worn by the society and its 
 dependents, lie rode to London to buy the 
 cloth, and the bill for it amounted to fifty- 
 three pounds seventeen shillings and nine 
 pence. He was paid also five shillings for the 
 new livery of Style, a chorister, containing 
 two yards and a half; and the bill for his 
 journey, of which the expenses were twenty- 
 three pence ! lie travelled then alone, per- 
 haps, at least without a retinue; which 
 usually accompanied persons of fashion or 
 consequence. President Aiayew, on his 
 journeys to the founder, was attended by 
 live, sometimes by eight, servants. 
 
 The epidemical disorder, to which Oxford 
 was subject, raged in 1500-1, and the bur- 
 sors paid 
 
 To Mr, 11 i chord Arderne, for the commons 
 
 of
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 277 
 
 of the fellows and scholars at 
 
 Walington, during the plague 17 17 4 
 To Mr. Edward Grove, for the 
 
 same, at Bracklie - 6 38 
 
 To Mr. Wulcy, Web, Knolls, and 
 
 Iligden, for the same at Wyt- 
 
 ney 
 
 On making up their accounts they desired 
 to be allowed for the last article the sum of 
 eight pounds three shillings and eight pence, 
 which they had delivered to Wulcy and 
 Knolles, in whose hands it still remained. 
 Knolles was elected middle bursar for the 
 year ensuing; a proof that their not settling 
 in the same manner as Arderne and Grove 
 was involuntary, and that their reasons were 
 admitted as sufficient k . 
 
 Wulcy 
 
 k To Richard Arderne, Thomas Knolles, and Laurence Stubbs 
 succeeded as bursars, 18 Hen. VII, John Stokysley, John Hyg- 
 don, and John Drewett. This year the chest in the bursary was 
 robbed of /,'! 12. They were sworn to the loss, and then their ac- 
 count was passed, but with a reserve in case proof should be found 
 against them. In the account-book of the next year are the fol- 
 lowing entries respecting this business. 
 
 " Solufcuidam scholastico q ut (quatenus) misso adquendam astro- 
 '' J.ogum consulendum pro bonis coll~ ablatis superior! anno xvi li ." 
 
 " In regardis 2 b '" astrolngis >"ilculantibus pro eisclem bonis coll" 
 "" xx s ." 
 
 " Pro
 
 273 THE LIFE OF 
 
 Wulcy seems to have quitted the college 
 soon after the expiration of his office of dean 
 of divinity, as I find no mention of him again 
 in my extracts until 150()-?, (22 Hen. VII.) 
 when an entry is made in the account-book 
 of twelve pence paid to Mr. AV nicy's keeper, 
 for bringing venison to the college. 
 
 The cardinal came to Oxford with queen 
 Catharine 1 toward the end of the year 1517? 
 (8 lien. V1J.I.) and was entertained at Mag- 
 dalen. In the account-book m is a charge, 
 For the expenses of the lord cardinal, late 
 
 fellow : 
 For one refection in the college, besides 
 
 wine this year as by bill, - 8 11 11 j- 
 
 Also, 
 For a copy of the arms of the lord 
 
 cardinal, - -010 
 
 Perhaps the society designed to have these 
 painted on glass, to be placed, with the like 
 memorials of other great men who should 
 be of their number, in the windows of the 
 lodgings of the president. 
 
 " Pro vino dato astrologis variis vicibus per billam xii d ." 
 " Uni astrologo de Westmynstre pro iurto recuperando, \m'\ 
 !S iiii' 1 ." 
 
 1 A. Wood, p 2J5 
 
 m See also Dr. Cierke's Account-books, 1(555, p. 132, 
 
 In
 
 \VILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 279 
 
 In 1524 the cardinal appointed Hygden, 
 then president, to be the first dean of the 
 college 'which he had founded at Oxford 15 . 
 
 In the account-book of the year 1526 is 
 an entry, 
 For dishes given to the counsellors of the 
 
 O 
 
 lord cardinal, by order of Mr. President, 
 forty-eight shillings. 
 
 / o o 
 
 On what account they came to the col- 
 lege I know not ; but in the following year 
 Stubbs the president resigned, and Knolles 
 was chosen to succeed him. The society 
 instituted several suits against their late go- 
 
 o o 
 
 vernor, which at length were referred by 
 consent to the cardinal, each party entering 
 into a bond of three hundred pounds to 
 abide bv his award . 
 
 *j 
 
 Vv ulcy was not raised to his painful 
 and dangerous, but envied preeminence in 
 church and state, by good fortune and great 
 
 J *J O O 
 
 abilities alone, and unsupported by a fair 
 character and suitable conduct. No mis- 
 demeanor appears imputable to him as a 
 member of \\ aynflete's college, which he 
 did not leave before he was nearly, or quite, 
 
 n A. Wood, p.24S. 
 
 8 Ledger-book B. p. l6g. 188. 
 
 thirty
 
 280 THE LIFE OF 
 
 thirty years old ; and it seems reasonable 
 that we suspend our belief of such stories as 
 represent him guilty of levity and immora- 
 lity elsewhere, until we have considered their 
 probability, and weighed their evidence ; re- 
 membering always, that it is far easier to 
 affix a stain than to remove it. 
 
 CHAP-
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 28 1 
 
 CHAPTER XIV. 
 
 The Conclusion. 
 
 THE increase of knowledge and learn- 
 ing, which Waynflete was so solicitous 
 to promote, produced in his society warm 
 abettors of that Reformation which expelled 
 the Romish religion from the University and 
 realm of England. The relics which en- 
 riched his chapel were trampled under foot*, 
 altars removed, and Mary Magdalen the 
 tutelar saint taken away. Of the precious 
 effects belonging to it, Walter Haddon the 
 president sold as many as were valued at 
 about a thousand pounds, for fifty-two pounds 
 fourteen shillings and eight pence ; which 
 sum he consumed on alterations, as also 
 nearly one hundred and twenty pounds of 
 the public money. Quarterly or yearly com- 
 memorations of the founder, and of bene- 
 factors, were established in lieu of exequies 
 
 A. Wood. 
 
 and
 
 282 THE LIFE OF 
 
 and obits. The pensions for masses to be 
 said for Fastolf and others were converted, 
 in 1551, into exhibitions b . The chantry- 
 priests were abolished. The priories, and 
 places of their residence, except a few, were 
 occupied by husbandmen ; or the buildings, 
 being neglected and abandoned, became 
 venerable ruins adorning their ancient land- 
 
 o 
 
 scapes. 
 
 The first year of queen Mary, 1553, was 
 remarkable. The tenants of the college did 
 not renew their leases ; and the bursars paid 
 seven pounds eleven shillings and seven 
 pence more than they received c . Queen 
 Elizabeth was crowned by Owen Oglethorpe 
 of Magdalen, bishop of Carlisle. Dr. Hum- 
 phreys, president in her reign, was noted and 
 esteemed for his zeal and for his sufferings 
 under her predecessor ; having been of the 
 number of exiles who were reduced to sub- 
 sist on foreign charity. lie was one of the 
 commissioners for abolishing popery in Ox- 
 ford m 1570; in which year the college was 
 also visited by their ordinary the bishop of 
 "Winchester (Home), an active puritan, and 
 destroyer of relics. 
 
 ^ Lib. Cornp. lC)56, p. 58. 
 
 ' Dr, Clerkc's Account-book- p. IS", 
 
 The
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. gS3 
 
 The college was tricked out for the re- 
 ception of king James in August, 16'Oj, 
 when Dr. Jjonde was president, and had the 
 good fortune to please the wise monarch. 
 Prince Henry took up his abode in it during 
 their stay. The hieroglyphics, as they are 
 called, or figures in the quadrangle, were 
 painted d , and, in particular, Moses had a 
 new screen coat on the occasion e . 
 
 C!? 
 
 The alms-house subsisted to the time of 
 this president. It was kept by a woman, as 
 the account-books show. The poor were 
 fed, relieved in sickness, and buried (seven 
 in 151?) cit the expense of the college. An 
 inventory of the contents was taken in 1559 
 by the president and dean of divinity; and 
 money was expended then, and at sundry 
 other times, on Claymond's lech and the fur- 
 niture 1 . It is described by Dr. Bonde as 
 a stony vault, very low under ground ; the 
 resort to it in summer greater, in winter 
 
 o * 
 
 very small: the place being cold, damp, and 
 unwholsome. Timber was procured for 
 
 (i ''' Vivis animalium figuris tibicines, occultum nescio quid et 
 '* hieroglyphicum significantibus, exornantur." Buddcn, p. ~" . 
 r Moses is mentioned togd cxruk.i. Wake, Rex Platonicus. 
 
 p. 71- 
 
 f Eerstr. Coll, A. f, 43, 
 
 board ins;
 
 234 THE LIFE OF 
 
 boarding the floor; and the beds, which were 
 subject to rottenness, had been removed, 
 the year before his report, into another house 
 not far off; where, as Ilarpsfield, once a 
 fellow, relates g , the poor continued to be 
 abundantly and liberally provided for, ac- 
 cording to ancient custom. I can suppose 
 the society had found the alms-house a nui- 
 sance, and was in no hurry to receive it 
 again within their walls. The usage pro- 
 bably ceased on the establishment of parish 
 work-houses or infirmaries, to which the 
 sick could repair; and of rates for the relief 
 of the necessitous, The founder had made 
 no mention of the alms-house in his statutes, 
 nor left any directions about it in writing 
 that could be discovered h . 
 
 The school, with the refectory and cham- 
 bers erected by Waynflete near the college- 
 
 / J O 
 
 gate and called awhile Grammar-hall 1 , ob- 
 tained the appellation of St. Mary Magdalen- 
 hall as early, it appears, as 1487 L , when 
 
 Mr. 
 
 z Harpsfield, Hist. Eccles. p. 643. Duaci, 1022. 
 
 h MSS. Harl. N4240. p. 15. A Report by Dr. Bonde, &c. 
 
 1 14S5. Receptiones forinsec. " Et de Mag Bentley per manus 
 /: M n Prses. et Executorurn in plenam solutioncm pro^//a Gram- 
 *' 4 ' matiraH, 30"," 
 
 Et
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 285 
 
 Mr. Richard Gotynden is mentioned as prin- 
 cipal, and as renting it of the college k . The 
 reputation of the masters produced a con- 
 flux of pupils ; and the chambers being filled, 
 the society in 1518 added other lodgings, 
 with a gateway on the west, and enlarged 
 the site with a parcel of ground l ; the whole 
 being comprised within the boundary as- 
 signed them by their own charter of foun- 
 
 > 
 
 dation. The hall continued to be governed 
 by one of the fellows, and to flourish in their 
 hands above a century. But an alteration 
 took place after Dr. liussey, who was prin- 
 cipal in 1602, of which I have not met with 
 a clear account. The nomination of the 
 principal was suffered to pass to the chan- 
 cellor of the university; and the property of 
 the hall, though not of the school, which is 
 a part of the building, has been taken away 
 
 "' Et de Hostiario pro Sckola Grammatical! in temp, vacacionis, 
 " 6 s 8 d ." 
 
 * " 1487. de M ro Ric do Gotynden Principal! Anise S tae M.Magd. 
 
 " in plenam solutionem firrrue dictae Aulae." 
 
 1 A, Wood. Gutch, p. Ggo, 6QI. 
 
 A. Wood, i. p. 3/0. He supposes, p. 378, the range of houses 
 reaching from the Hall, and including the Greyhound, to have bee;, 
 erected likewise in 1518 3 and gives an account of the other subse- 
 quent alterations in the Hall, where the original building is still suf- 
 ficiently to be distinguished, 
 
 front
 
 THE LIFE OF 
 
 from the college, which still receives vcarlv 
 
 O m/ */ 
 
 a payment from the head; if I mistake not, 
 the ancient rcnt m . The master and usher 
 have no longer any concern with the refec- 
 tory or chambers erected by the founder 
 for their use and for their scholars. The 
 school-room alone remains to them ; and 
 lodgings are allotted them in the college. 
 
 o ~ o 
 
 Yet the soil is a portion of the site of the 
 college, and unalienable ; the buildings, ex- 
 cept some modern additions, were reared at 
 the expense of the founder and of the so- 
 ciety ; a rent has, I believe, never ceased 
 to be paid for the premises; and the ac- 
 count-books prove that fellows were prin- 
 cipals during a long period in uninterrupted 
 succession. With these and other circum- 
 stances in their favour, the society have not 
 always submitted to receive, perhaps, a dis- 
 agreeable neighbour and tenant from the 
 chancellor of the university, but have en- 
 deavoured to retrieve the loss sustained by 
 an unjustifiable concession, the neglect or 
 mismanagement of their predecessors; to 
 recover an appointment desirable to many 
 of its members ; and which now, by vacat-
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 2S7 
 
 rag the fellowship of the possessor, would 
 animate the whole body, and quicken the 
 circulation of the founder's bounty. On 
 a trial in Westminster-hall on the 20th of 
 June 16'94, an Oxfordshire Jury confirmed 
 the privilege of nomination to the chancellor, 
 bv a verdict grounded, strange to tell! merely 
 
 ^ O O ' 
 
 on prescription. Time immemorial*. Perhaps 
 they believed, too, that this was the Mag- 
 dalen hall of Waynrlete, the nurserv of his 
 
 fc +/ 
 
 future society of Magdalen college: an erro- 
 
 ' v_? *^_> 
 
 neous opinion commonly current, which An- 
 tony \\ ood has laboured to extirpate, almost 
 without success '-'. 
 
 The college- chapel is said to have re- 
 
 O 1 
 
 mained as the founder left it, except the 
 altars and images banished by Protestant- 
 
 O *- 
 
 ism, until 16'33. when i)r. lYcwen was pre- 
 sident. A pavement of black and white 
 marble was I lien laid in the inner chapel. 
 The first wainscot and the stalls, the monu- 
 ments and the inscriptions, were removed. 
 
 11 A. Wood's Lite, p.SSu, cited by Gutch. p. (JQO. 
 
 A. Wood, i. p. j;"0, 13S. Ayiifre notes it after him, vol. i. 
 p, 454. Heylin is guilty of it. So Tanner, Not. Mon. p. -M J, 
 ' \Vainflet, A. D. 14-13, founded without the east gate a hall for 
 '' students, and contiguous to it lie built, 14JS, a fine college, ^:L. 
 ' This W.W-inflcet fu-st founded Magdalen hall hard by (as scri- 
 " veners use to try thuir pens on a small piece of paper before they 
 " bcgi :i :-. ha! ihey fairly intend to write), and afterwards/' &c. 
 
 A skreen.
 
 288 THE LIFE OF 
 
 A skrecn, with painted windows and other 
 articles, was provided. It was the fashion 
 then to ornament places of worship, espe- 
 cially in the university P. The chapel of 
 St. John q existed until 1665, when it was 
 converted into two chambers. 
 
 Loyalty, as well as the Reformation, de- 
 voured a portion of the valuable effects de- 
 rived from the founder. King Charles, in 
 a letter to the vice-chancelor, in July 1642. 
 desired aid from the university ; when the 
 college, lending him a thousand pounds, 
 borrowed fifty of Mr. John Nourse and 
 live hundred of president Frewen to make 
 up that sum, and ordered their plate to be 
 sold, with such woods as could be cut with- 
 out waste, to repay them. On a further re- 
 quisition in January following, they deli- 
 vered to two officers of the mint, for his 
 use, nine hundred twenty-nine pounds nine 1 
 ounces of white plate, and sixty pounds nine 
 ounces fifteen drachms of gilded ; which, 
 after the rate of five shillings an ounce for 
 the first, and of sixpence more for the hitter. 
 
 ' A. 
 
 P A. Wood. Gutch, p. 320. 
 
 '-i ""The expenses attending St. John's chapel are entered in the 
 " Account-books to 153o, perhaps later; but when Dr. Bonde \va^ 
 " president., diverse lectures and exercises of learning were held b 
 ' It." MS, Had. N42-10. 
 
 amounted
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 289 
 
 amounted to two thousand nine hundred 
 and eighty-nine pounds eighteen shillings 
 and seven pence halfpenny. The society 
 suffered besides greatly in their finances 1 ". 
 
 The rebel army under sir William Waller 
 marched, cavalry and infantry, into the ca- 
 thedral at Winchester, after breaking open 
 the great, west door, on the 13th of December 
 1(542. It was partly incited by the zeal of 
 the college in the royal cause, to deface, 
 among various other outrages, the tomb of 
 liie founder ; then, excepting the removal of 
 the saints and altar of the chapel in the time 
 of king Henry the Eighth, or king Edward 
 his successor,in perfect preservation; as may 
 be inferred from its having required only a 
 small sum to be expended on it a few years 
 before s . We are told* that its beauty and de- 
 corations increased the savage efforts of the 
 
 -v 
 
 < MSS. Harl. N 6282, p. 141. 
 
 " In 1646 the dividend was only 62. 6. 8. but ^1008 of debt 
 " contracted during the war was paid in 1646." Dr. Clerke's Ac- 
 count-book, 1656. 
 
 " ... 120 (f. 1620) tmditse in raauus Mag" Hearst ad tumuluirx 
 " Dai fundatoris Win ton reparand. ^3. 7-" 
 
 " 1622. Postea induxerunt. . et ex pecunia relicta concredita Mag 
 " Hearst pro rep. tumuli, &c. 2, 12. 6." Dr. C'erke's Account- 
 book, 1U5O, p. 13p, 1S3. 
 
 ' Mercurius Rust ; aTJ, London, 1.646, p. 200, 
 
 i; soldiery
 
 290 THE LIFE OF 
 
 soldiery to spoil it. The damage was re- 
 medied in some degree when their malice 
 would permit; but perhaps occasioned the 
 colouring of the i'ace, which, as also that of 
 Beaufort, we may suppose, was of polished 
 marble, or alabaster, like Wykeham's ; and 
 has deprived us of the satisfaction of con- 
 templating the erligy in its original guise, 
 as it came from the hands of the fabri- 
 cators ". 
 
 When the parliament afterwards sent de- 
 legates to reform the university of Oxford, 
 with the assistance of colonel Kelsey, com- 
 mander of the garrison, the society of Mag- 
 
 / o 
 
 dalen refused submission to their authority, 
 as illegal. Dr. Oliver, the president, was 
 ejected by force ; and Dr. "\Vilkinson, vice- 
 president and one of the visitors, was ap- 
 pointed to his office. ?vlany of the members 
 were expelled and proscribed, and no re- 
 
 " Though the author is correct in staling generally, that we do 
 nut see the effigy of bUhopWaynflete at Winchester in its original 
 guise, yet I should judge from the mask lately taken from the face, 
 .;:>.d irorn which the accompanying portrait to the work has been 
 iT.oTaved. that it has not materially suffered except in the promi- 
 nent feature. The fine character of tne mouth and eyes still re- 
 mains, a well as the general form of the visage ; at once evincing 
 i.'ue hand of a superior artist, and conveying a lively idea of the 
 oun'.enance and character of this amiable prelate. EDITOK. 
 
 spect
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 291 
 
 jipect was paid to the statutes. The original 
 painted windows of the choir of the chape] 
 had been taken down and secreted, but the 
 troopers discovered and trampled them un- 
 der foot. They broke open doors and chests, 
 and committed many enormities. The mitre 
 and crosier are said to have been pillaged at 
 this tin]e w , and probably with them went 
 the pontifical habit of the founder; except 
 the sandals, and the attire of the legs, which 
 remains, and is reported by tradition to 
 have belonged to him. From an entry in 
 the account-book of 16'6' C 2, it appeal's that 
 the society had then tried to recover the 
 mitre by a suit at law*. 
 
 1 he sum of money provided by the foun- 
 der, and called Mutunm Placitorum, had 
 been hitherto continued in the tower ac- 
 cording to his directions, It was in a chest y , 
 in two purses or bags, one containing five 
 hundred and sixteen pieces of gold ; the 
 
 w A. Wood, Fasti Oxon. ii. p. 67. Appendix Lib. Nig. Scacc, 
 per Hearne, p. 5/4. 
 
 * Causae Juridical an. lQ6'2. " Soluf M ro Chyles pro focdo so- 
 " licitori Cholmk-s (or ley or ly] pro mitra., ^2.10." Dr. Clerke s 
 Account-book, p. Q. 
 
 y ^ 1400 in old gold, or spur-royals. A. Wood, Fasti Oxon. 
 ;i. n 07, Above 1200 doub!-, pistolets. Heylin, Examen Hiii. 
 . 2'j?. 
 
 otiiei
 
 292 THE LIFE OF 
 
 other two-and-forty score and fifteen, he- 
 hides two shillings and sixpence in silver. 
 The number, with the names of the persons 
 by whom they had been seen and counted, 
 at different limes, was written on loose pa- 
 pers 2 . The earliest date was the 13th of 
 December, loj ( 2, when the president and 
 officers of the college, whose concern it was, 
 probably returned a part, or the whole, 
 which had been borrowed on some statu- 
 table emergency, in the coin of the then king, 
 Kdward the Sixth. The last view was on 
 the '20th of July 1.585, in the reign of queen 
 Elizabeth. The society, it should seem, 
 had no occasion to apply it afterwards to 
 the uses to which it was appropriated ; and 
 no notice is supposed to have been taken of 
 it until the eighth of July 164-9- Then Dr. 
 \\ilkenspn, with the officers of the college 
 under him, broke into the tower, a smith 
 
 v - Number as appears by the form, 
 
 " 13 Dec. Visi et reconditi in ista bag^a, a Dm 1552, reg. Edv. 
 " Vi u D to , 5 1 6 veteres Edvardi per illos 41,1 eo tempore fuevunt offi- 
 " ciarii, quonim nomitia, 1 ' A:C. 
 
 in another ba^, at the same time, I \vo-and-forty score and fif- 
 teen. 
 
 13 Jan. '2 et '5 Phil, et Maiiu', the same sums in old Edwards, in 
 'v o bags, and two shillings and sixpence in old silver, 
 
 ': Aug. l'j/6. 18 i-'li/, :jO.?v.!y, 1585, 2/ Eliz. the same. 
 
 forcing
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 293 
 
 Forcing the doors, of which they had not the 
 keys, to get the original statute-book; all 
 the copies having been conveyed away by 
 the former fellows. They soon espied a 
 small trunk with three locks, which they 
 employed him to open ; when the treasure 
 was discovered a . I imagine they returned 
 
 c? ^ 
 
 thanks in a long prayer, and resolved to di- 
 vide it in the name of the Lord. The pre- 
 sident, who is said to have chiefly promoted 
 this pious work, had an hundred pieces for 
 his portion ; and the fellows, then only thirty 
 in iiumber, had each thirty; in the whole 
 nine hundred b . The demys, and even the 
 servants, were admitted to a share. Each 
 pistolet produced sixteen shillings and six- 
 pence ; and it is added, the exchanger got 
 well by the bargain c . 
 
 We are told by Dr. Clerke, who partook 
 of the spoil, that none of the fellows at that 
 time knew of this money, which he remarks 
 
 * Dr. Clerke's Account-book, 1656. The number distributed to 
 each person, and upon what reason, may be seen, he says, " in my 
 '' book covered with vellum, and with green strings, in 4 to , as also 
 " what is returned again of it to the college." 
 
 b From a paper of Dr. Clerke's. 
 
 The papers relating to the view are in a chest in the lower room 
 <:f the tower. 
 
 * Fasti Oxon. ii. p. 6/. Heylin, Examen Hist. i. p. 26S.
 
 291 THE LIFE OF 
 
 teas very strange ^ the statute mentioning it so 
 clearly as it does. It is also possible that Dr. 
 Wilkenson, though he had grown old in the 
 college, might never have heard of it. But 
 on what authority was the distribution 
 made ? " Though one must charitably be- 
 " leeve the matter not so bad as reported/' 
 sa} r s Fuller d in l6oo, "}"et the most favour- 
 " able relation thereof gave a general dis- 
 " tast." In 1662 he acknowledged he had 
 been misguided, with many others, by ge- 
 neral tradition, which represented the money 
 as the gift of president Humphry instead of 
 Wayriflete. " Would I had been mistaken/* 
 continues the honest author 6 , " in the mat- 
 " ter as well as the person, that so unworthy 
 " an act had never been performed ! But 
 " what said Jacob to his sons ? Carry back 
 " the money again., peradventure it iras an 
 " oversight f . Seasonable restitution will 
 " make reparation." 
 
 It is remarkable that as saintship ceased 
 honesty returned. The advice of Fuller had 
 its effect. Several persons spontaneously 
 refunded the pieces they had illicitly pos- 
 
 11 ii. p. 234. See Heylin. 
 c Buckinghamshire } p. 136, 
 
 f Gen. xliii. 13. 
 
 sessed,
 
 WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 295 
 
 sessed, or their value, to he disposed of 
 according to the will of the founder. The 
 vice-president and three of the fellows, with 
 five demys and the principal cook, appear to 
 have set the example s in I6'o9- The gold 
 was again reposited in its chest in 1662. On 
 the 17th of January 1665 there remained in 
 the hands of the bursars on this account, in 
 money, three hundred fifty-two pounds nine 
 shillings and sixpence three farthings. On 
 
 O I O 
 
 the 3d of July 1 679 two hundred sixty-six 
 double pistole ts, or spur-royals, as they are 
 called, and seventy-five single pistolets, had 
 been restored in specie, and replaced in the 
 tower. One hundred pieces were still un- 
 paid by the late president, and three hundred 
 by ten of the fellows b . 
 
 In the same century, the foundation and 
 statutes of Magdalen received as rude a 
 
 O 
 
 shock from religious bigotry, as they had be- 
 fore experienced from fanatical and repub- 
 lican zeal. The event is conspicuous in the 
 history of England ; and 1 shall conclude 
 
 s From a parchment-book in the chest in which are the spur- 
 royals. 
 
 h Dr. Clerke's Account-book, 1662, p. 131. 
 
 He paid 18 pieces in specie, and besides, for his share, jPlO. 1(3, 
 
 Mr. Cracroft paid ^26, 5. for his thirty spur-royals. 
 
 rnv
 
 *d6 LIFE OF WILLIAM WAYNFLETE. 
 
 my account of Waynflete, with the sincere 
 wish that an equal resistance and like suc- 
 cess may await the authors of any future 
 attack on his college ; which has been (and 
 may it continue yet for ages!) eminently use- 
 ful to the community, in advancing the best 
 concerns of mankind, Religion, Liberty 
 and Learning.
 
 APPENDIX.
 
 APPENDIX, 
 
 From the Ledger-book of the Cathedral Church of 
 Winchester, N 1. (1345 to 1496), fol. 73. Budden, 
 p. 61. 
 
 Letter sent By the kynge for to chewse Willm 
 Waynflette provoste of our Lady College of Eton 
 Byschope of Wynchester. 
 
 JL RUSTY and vvelbeloved in god, we grete you we]., 
 latyng yow wyte that it is come unto oure know- 
 lech to oure greet hevynesse ne were goddis wil, 
 how that oure oncle late cardinal of Englande and 
 Bisshop of Wynchestre, is past owt of this uncertain 
 lyf, And how he hit Y yt aught not to precede 
 unto thellect'on of a nevve pastoure and fader for the 
 chirch of Wynchestre a foresayd, vvithoute oure 
 licence first had in that partie, yet natheles we 
 aswel for the greet love and affect'on that we here 
 unto the sayd chirch, as for other grete causes 
 moving us, wolling in no wise the sayd ohircli to 
 
 stand
 
 300 APPENDIX, 
 
 stand eny while viduat, licence you to precede un- 
 to thellect'on of a newe pastoure there. And preyc 
 you hertily that in allt 1 the haste that ye goodiy may, 
 ye wol so do, having by oon assent oure right trusty 
 and welbeloved clerc and concelloure maisr Wil- 
 liam Waynflete Provost of oure College Royal of oure 
 lady of Eton at the reverence of us and con tern pla- 
 c'on of this oure writing, in youre sayd elect'on to be 
 Bisshop of youre sayd chirch before alle olh'r e^pally 
 recomended, whom as ye knowe wel we have in the 
 most tender favour of oure good grace, wherinne 
 ye shall not oonly provide youre sayd chirch of right 
 a notable clerc and a substancial personne to goddes 
 plesir and to the worship and wele of the same as 
 \ve truste, but also do unto us right singir plesir, 
 and cause us to have bothe you and the sayd chirch 
 in the more spal favour of oure good grace in tyrne 
 to come. Geven under oure signet at oure Castel of 
 Wyndesore the xi day of Avril. 
 
 X If. 
 
 From the Ledger-book of the Cathedral of I f f inclicster. 
 N"l. fol.73. Budden, p. 62. 
 
 Litera missa Domino Regi pro licentia optinenda 
 ad Epm eligendum. 
 
 JhiXCELLENTissiMO in christo principi et christianis- 
 simo regi nostro domino Henrico Dei gracia Regi 
 Anglie et Francie et domino Hibernie Nos vestri 
 
 O 
 
 humiles
 
 APPENDIX. 3CH 
 
 uii miles et devoti oratoresque coiitinui Prior eccle- 
 sie vestre cathedralis WyntonJ et ejusdem loci capi- 
 tulum Salutem in eo cui oinnes Reges famulantur 
 et per quern principes ppe dilut *. Vestre regie 
 Majestati cum ea qua decet revercneia tenore pre- 
 scntium intimamus quod recolende uiemorie Do- 
 iinnus Henrk'iisBeauford ultimus Episcopus noster 
 die Martis undecimo Aprilis jam instantis ad vite 
 MIC term in um (quod dolentes referimus) pervenit, 
 veruuiptamen feliciter ut s|)oramus. Neigitur sedes 
 episeopalis antcdicta diutino pastoris solaci-o desti- 
 tiita sue vacacionis detrimenta deploret aut jacturam 
 in spirituaiibus seu temporalibus paciat ad vestre 
 celsitudinis regie presenciam unanimi nostro con- 
 sensu et assensu nos fratres Robertum Puryton Sup- 
 priorem ac Ricardum Marlebergh hordarium con- 
 fratres et co.mnionachos nostros mittims per pre- 
 sentes dicte vestre excelleneie humilius quo pos- 
 surnus supplicantes quatinus ut ad liberain futuri 
 Episcopi tt pastoris ecclesie vestre memorate elec- 
 tionem procedere valeamus licenciam graciose con- 
 ceclere dignetur vestre regalis gratie magnitudo. 
 Ouam ad sui iaudem et horiorem ad iuimicorurn 
 
 "w 
 
 c.olla siibiuganda atque ad populi sui rneritoriuin 
 regiiuen felicissime regal et gubernet clemencia 
 Salvatoris pes- tempora duratura. Datum sub sigiilo 
 nostro com mum in domo nostra capitulari duo- 
 decimo die dicti inensis Aprilis Anno Domini 
 i-iiiHrno ccx'; mo xl septimo. 
 
 \ 
 
 \
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 From the Ledger- look of /.he Cathedral (Jkiirck oj 
 Winchester, N 1. fol. 73. Bidden, p. 6'3. 
 
 A Letter sent By the kynge to procede the Sater- 
 day following to Electyon. 
 
 JL RUSTY and wel beloved in god. We grete yow wel, 
 And dovvte not but that ye kepe vvele in youre re- 
 membrance how we upon knowlege that we hadde 
 of the decesse of oure Oncle late youre pastoure and 
 governour wrote unto yow oure rnoost specialle letres 
 i'or the recomendac'on of oure right trusty and wel- 
 beloved clerc maister William Waynflete provost of 
 oure college royal of oure lady of Eton in youre 
 next elect'on to be made for youre Bisshop, desiring 
 yow firthermore in oure sayd ires in asmoch as we 
 wolde not the cathedralle chirch of Wynchestre 
 shulde eny while stande viduate that ye wolde pro- 
 cede to elect'on in al godely haast, and for asmoch as 
 we desire in the most affectuouse wyse that we can 
 that ye schall procede to youre said elect'on on Sa- 
 tirday next comyng for diverse right grete causes 
 especially moevyng us. We pray yow to dispose 
 yow theronto, not abiding upon eny ires under 
 oure grete sc 1 -'!, for we have in such wise ordeined 
 that ye shal no'., iv. !e thevm at that tyme but have 
 theym in goodly haast after, boring date' before. 
 
 And
 
 APPENDIX. 303 
 
 And as touching a doctor necessary in youre said 
 elect'on \ve have writen unto maister Stephen 
 Wylton to assiste yow, Wherfore we desire and 
 pray yow in as hertly wise as we can that al excu- 
 sac'ons layed a part ye precede to youre said elec- 
 t'on on Satyrday, having recomended in the moost 
 specialle wise oure said clerc maister William 
 Waynflete before all other, and firtherrnore that 
 ye geve full faith and credence unto the berere of 
 thees in J/ he shal say unto yow on oure behalf, 
 and that ye faille not herof as ye desire us to be en- 
 clined to shewe unto yow the favour of oure god 
 grace in tyme to come. Geven under oure signet at 
 oure castel of Wvndesore the xiii dav of Avril. 
 
 
 'IV. 
 
 From the Ledger-look of the Cathedral Churc'i cf 
 /Winchester, N 1, fol. 75. Bitdden, p. 6'i. 
 
 Litera procuratoria missaRegi Ilenrico sexto ad con- 
 firmandam Eiectionem factam de WiftmoWayne- 
 
 fiett epo Winton.;. 
 
 JliXCELLEMTlssiMO ac cliristianissiiiio in christo 
 principi et domino nostro Ilenrico dei gracia illus- 
 trissimo Regi Anglic etFrancie ac domino Ilibenne 
 vestri humillinii et in christo devotissimi oratores 
 Witms Aulton Ecrk-.r-ie vestre Cathedralib Wyutoiu 
 
 prior
 
 J04 APPENDIX. 
 
 prior indignus ac ejusdem ecclesie vestre capituluin 
 suffragia orem 9 et in eo prosperari per quern Re- 
 ges regnant et principes dominantur Sublimitati 
 vestre Regie presentibus literis humiliter intimamus 
 quod vacante nuper ecclesia prelibata per mortem 
 naturalem Celebris et Recolende memorie Domini 
 Henrici niiseracione divina titulo Sancti Eusebii sa- 
 crosancte Rornane Ecclesie presbyteri Cardinalis 
 Anglic dicteque Ecclesie vestre ultimi et immediati 
 cui deus parcat Wynton' episcopi. Ac obtenta ex 
 vestra Regia elemencia alium nobis et ecclesie vestre 
 in episcopum et pastorem licencia eligendi. Nos 
 venerabilern et insignis prudencie virum Magistrum 
 Withn Waynflete sacre theologie Bacalarm sereni- 
 tatisque vestre consiliarium virum utique providum 
 et in agibilibus discretum deo devotuni in spiritua- 
 libus et ternporalibus plurimum circutnspectum ac 
 nobis et dicte ecclesie vestre Wynton' necessanum. 
 vobisque etRegnis vestris ut firmiter crcdimus utilem 
 et fidelem.unammiter et coneorditer spiritus sancti 
 ut speramus gracia inspirati in ipsius ecclesie vestre 
 (.-t nostrum Episcopum consensu nostro unanimi 
 nullo penitus reclamante elegimus et pastorem Re- 
 quisitoque pluries per nos postmodum ipsius electi 
 nostri in hac parte consensu ipsoque sepius lacryma- 
 biliter reclamante tandem ]>refatus electus post de- 
 liberacionem diutinam dicte electioni de se facte 
 suum consensum adhi!mit pariter et assensum. Ad 
 implorandum igitur humiliter vestrum consensum 
 Regiuin electioni et elect a hujusmcdi graciose per 
 vos ponoedendum FratresRoberttirn Puryton.Suppri- 
 
 orem
 
 APPENDIX. 305 
 
 ore tii et Ricardum Marlebergh hordarium commo- 
 nachos et confratres dicte vestre ecclesie Wynton' 
 coil (conjunctim] et divisim consensu nostro unanimi 
 destinamus vestre Regie celsitudini supplicantes 
 liumiliter et devote quatinus dicto electo et election! 
 hujusmodi tarn sancte Rite et Solempniter celebrate 
 ve.strum Regiam assensum favorabiliter impertire 
 dignetur vestre Regie clernencia majestatis. Quam 
 in prosperitate continua ad ecclesie sue sancte et 
 Regnorum vestrorum tutissimum Regirnenet muni- 
 men diutissime felicitare dignetur iilius virginis 
 gloriose. In quorum omnium fidem et testimonium 
 sigillum nostrum commune presentibus apposuimus. 
 Datum in domo nostra capitular! Wyntoiu quo ad 
 consignacionem presencium sub sigillo nostro com- 
 muni decimo sept! mo die mensis Aprilis, Anno 
 Domini mitimo cccc n ' quadragesimo septimo. 
 
 N V. See p. 37- 
 
 From the Ledger- book of the Cathedral Church of 
 Winchester ; N ], fol. 74. Budden, p. 6'o. 
 
 Littere misse p Priorem et Conventum Dno Pape 
 Nicno j)ro con firm ati one Electionis facte de 
 WiH'ino Waynflett provest Collegii Regalis beate 
 Marie de Eton. 
 
 .~v 
 
 DANCTISSIMO ac beatissimo in christo patri ac Dno 
 Duo Nictio divina providencia sacrosancte Romane 
 
 x ac
 
 506 APPENDIX. 
 
 ac universal is ecclesie suinmo pontifici Fratef 
 Wittms Aulton prior ecclie Catli] sti Svvytfti Wyn- 
 tonj ct eju^dem ecclesie capitulum et conventus 
 ordinis sancti Benedict! sui humiles et devoti ora- 
 tores obedienciam et omniinodas reverencias et snb- 
 jectiones ad devotissima peclum oscula beatorum. 
 Sacris canonibus novimus esse cautum quod ex diu- 
 tinis ecclesiarum vacacionibus nonnulla discrimina 
 tarn circa spiritualia quam temporalia ac pericula 
 grandia ecclesiis vacantibus inultipliciter contingere 
 dinoscuntur, unde in consilio generali salubriter ex- 
 titit ordinatum quod ecclesiaCatbedralis ultra trium 
 mensium spacium non vacaret pastoris solacio de- 
 stituta ne pro dei'ectu pastoris gregem invadat lupus 
 rapax. Ouainobrem vacante nuper ecclesia Cathi 
 Wyntoiu predicta per mortem naturalem Celebris 
 memorie reverendissimi patris ac domini Henrici 
 miseracione divina titulo sancti Eusebii sacrosancte 
 Romane ecclesie presbyteri Cardinalis Anglic ac 
 Wyntoru Episcopi ultimi cjusdem ecclesie pontificis 
 qui sicut Altissimo placuit, Die Martis videlicet, un- 
 decima die Aprilis anno Domini millesimo, cccc" 10 
 quadragesimo septimo infra palacium suum episco- 
 pale Wyntonl diem suum clausit extremurn. Ipsius 
 corpore ut decuit ecclesiastice tradito sepulture ne 
 dicta ecclesia WyntonJ pastore viduata incommoda 
 contingencia diutius deploraret, licericia eligendi 
 nobis et dicte ecclesie futururn pontificem per nos 
 a christianissimo in cnristo principe et domino 
 nostro Henrico Dei gracia Kege Anglic et Francie 
 MU Domino Hibernie illustrissimo dicte ecclesie pa- 
 
 trono
 
 APPENDIX. 307 
 
 trono ut moris est petita pariter et obtenta, nobis 
 Witio Aulton priori predicto archidiaconoque Wyn- 
 tonJ ac ceteris commonacbis et confratribus nostris 
 ejusdem ecclesie exhibite fuerunt litere Domini 
 nostri Regis predict! in domo nostra capitulari die 
 veneris xiiij die dicti rnensis Aprilis per quas con- 
 stabat ut prefertur petitam et concessam nobis fo- 
 re Hcenciam Regiani futurum Episcopum nobis et 
 clicte ecclesie cationice eligendi et pastorem. Nos 
 prior Wiiims predictus archidiaconus Wynton' 
 ceterique cornmonachi ipsius ecclesie ibidem tune 
 presentes unanimiter et concorditer prefiximus et 
 assignavimus nobis tune presentibus. Ac etiam 
 omnibus et singulis commonachis et confratribus 
 ejusdem ecclesie absentibus diem Sabbati videlicet 
 xv mm diem dicti mensis Aprilis proxime tune se- 
 quentem anno domini supradicto cum continua- 
 cione et prorogacione dierurn tune sequencium si 
 oporteat. ad iriteressendum ibidem una nobiscum 
 et tractandum de electione futuri pontificis dicte ec- 
 clesie et electionem ipsam volente Diio celebrandam 
 et ad facienda et expedienda omnia et singula que in 
 eadem electione vel circa earn necessaria fuerint. 
 sive opportuna usque ad finalem expediciohem ejus- 
 dem electionis inclusive. Quo die Sabbati videlicet 
 
 "'W 
 
 xv to die dirte mensis Aprilis anno Dili supradicto 
 adveniente inissa de Spiritu sancto ad siimmuiii al- 
 tare ejusdem ecclesie Vii S\vyth:ai WyntonJ soiern- 
 pniter decantata pulsataqi;.i campana juxta morern 
 ad capitulum in hac pas ta faciendum con?uetum 5 
 convenimus statim tune ibidem in domo capitulari 
 
 x 2 antedicto
 
 308 APPENDIX. 
 
 anteclicto Nos Wiriins Aulton ])rior antedictus, 
 Frater Hobtus Puryton supprior, Magister Stepha- 
 nus Wilton archidiaconus Wyntoni Johannes Dela- 
 bere archidiaconus Surr'e, in eadein ecclesia per 
 procuratorem suum sufficienter deputatum, necnon 
 f rat res Hugo Watford, llicardus Eccles, Henricus 
 Bradley, Ricardus Marlebergh hordarius, Johannes 
 Bowyer tercius prior, Johannes Eede, llicardus 
 Hampton precentor, Pet r us Bone, IladuHus Mas- 
 chall iniinnarius," Maoister Witttns W 7 tohton 
 
 ? O O 
 
 elemosinarius, Robertus Payne. Wiriins Berlond, 
 Nicholaus Merscli ma^ister operuin, WiHms 
 Basvng sacrista, Robertus Nevvbury hostillarius, 
 Wiiiins Clemet custos altaris beate Marie, Wal- 
 terus Burton (juartus prior, Thomas Rudbone, 
 WiHms Shirbon curtari-is, I'liornas Tychebon, 
 Nicholaus Carr speciarius, Johannes Redyug ele- 
 mosinarius, Ricardus Guldford, \Vitlms Rome- 
 sey, Thomas Winchester, Thomas Stokton, Jo- 
 liannes London, Johannes Entbrd, Johannes 
 Woode, Robertus Westgate, Georgius Downton, 
 et Johannes Waryn ac Thomas Hunton, Wills 
 Robus, necnon Ricardus Dummer, Nicnus Warner 
 et Jolies Bovvlond commonachi et confratres dee 
 ecciie ordinis scti Benedict! in ijjsa ecctia ex- 
 presse proi'essi ut prefertur ac oinnes in sac-ris 
 ordinibus constituti, predictis i'ratnbus Rico Dum- 
 mer Nicho Warner et Jotie Bovvland juvenibus 
 dumtaxat exceptis, et in doiuo capian predicta 
 ad electionem f'uturi pontificis celebrandam capi- 
 tulariter congregati, proposito ibidem postrnodum 
 
 verb u in
 
 APPENDIX. 309 
 
 verb um Dei et Spiritus sci gra per decantacionem 
 ympni Veni Creator spiritus devocius implorata, 
 prefatus Wiftms Aulton prior antedictus de man- 
 dato voluntate et assensu omnium et singulorum 
 nostrum tune presencium et voces in elect'one fu- 
 turi pontif habencium quasdem moniciones et 
 protestaciones in scriptis redactas fecit legit et in- 
 terposuit in hiinc modum, In Dei nomine amen 
 Nos frater Wills Aulton prior hujus ecctie Sci 
 S \vythi WyntorJ vice nostra et confratrum nostro- 
 rum hie presencium capitulariter congregatorum et 
 demandato ac voluntate eorundem monemus hie 
 pu ce excommunicatos suspenses et etiam interdictos 
 et alios quoscunque si qui sint hie inter nos qui de 
 jure seu consuetudine in isto elcct'onis negocio in- 
 teresse non dehet quod ab hoc loco et domo caplari 
 ac nobis statun recedat. Nosque et alios con f res 
 hujus ecctie in hac domo caplari caplar" congre- 
 gatos ac a- plum iacientes ad quos jus et postestas 
 eligendi pertinet cligere hbere permittentes protes- 
 tamurque quod non est nostra sen aliorum conf'rm 
 firo voluntas vel intencio tales admittere tanquam 
 jus seu voces in hujusmodi elect'one habentes aut 
 procedere seu eligere cum eisdem ymtno volumus 
 ac volunt confres nri predicti quod voces tali u in 
 si qui reperiantur postmodum nulli j)restent suflra- 
 giuin nee afferat alicui nocumentum sed ]>rorsus 
 pro non receptis et non habitis penitus habeantur. 
 Iliis itaque sic pactis lectaque ]>er venerabilern vi- 
 rurn rna^rum Stephanuin Wilton Decretorum Doc- 
 toiem -:u',)radictum constitutione generali Ouia 
 
 I. t) 'W 
 
 proj>ter
 
 310 APPENDIX. 
 
 propter, et solempniter tune ifom declarata, Omissc. 
 tractatu quorumcumque statirn subito et re^ente 
 spiritus sancti gra ut firmiter credimus inspirante 3 
 nulloque nostrum penitus discrepante vota no?tra 
 direximus in venerabilem virum magiotrum Wirim 
 Waynflete sacre Theologie Bacallarm serenissimi 
 in Christo principis Henrici Dei gra Regis Anglie 
 et Francie consiliarium ac preposituvn Collegii 
 Regalis beate Marie de Etona, virum utique provi- 
 dum et discreturrij literarum sciencia vita et moribus 
 mento comraendandum, in ordine sacerdotali et 
 etate legitima constitutum, liberum ac legitimuin, 
 nee non de legitimo matrimonio procreatum. in spi- 
 ritualibus et temporalibus plurimum circumspec- 
 turn, aliisque virtutibus insignitum, valentem et ?ci- 
 entem jura dicte Ecclesie nostre defendere et tueri^ 
 et eum quasi una voce et uno spiritu in nostrum et 
 ipsms Ecclesie nostre episcopum elegimus et pas- 
 torem. Ac ex suprhabundanti pref'atum magm 
 Wiiim Wavnflete per frem Witim Aulton priorem 
 supradcm vice et voluntate et mandate omiim nostrrn 
 prout sequiter eiigi fecimus in communi. In Dei 
 nomine amen Cum vacante hac ecclia Cath.. 
 Sancti Swythi Wyntori' per mortem naturaiem 
 nobilis et recolende memorie Henrici miseracoe 
 di vina tto sti Eusebii sacrosancte llornane ecctie 
 presbyteri et Cardinal] Anglie, ac hujus ecctie 
 WyntonJ Ejpi, ej usque corpore ecclesiastice trad i to 
 sepulture Die present! prefixo ad electoem fuvi 
 pontif missa de Spu 7 sto ad summum altare so- 
 lempniter celebrata ; ac nobis Priore bujus ecctie 
 
 et
 
 APPENDIX. 311 
 
 et Robto Puriton suppriore, ac Mago Steptio 
 Wilton arcfto Wyntonl, necnon Magro Johanne 
 Delabere archo Surf per procuratorem legitime 
 constitutum ceterisque omnibus et singulis commo- 
 nacliis et confratribus nris jus et voces in presenti 
 elecone habentibus, in hac domo lira caplari capla- 
 riter congregatis et capitulum facientibus, proposito 
 primitus verbo Dei, et protestatione faeta ut est 
 
 -^ 
 
 moris, Spiritus sti gi : a per decantationem ympni 
 Veni Creator spiritus invocata et lecta constitutione 
 Quia propter, et sufficienter per clem M. Stepfrm 
 Wilton declarat, omissoque tractatu inter nos 
 quocumque per quam formam esset in timoi elee- 
 tois negocio procedendum, statim nullo alio trac- 
 tatu interveniente, ex subito et repente spirilus 
 sancti gra ut firmiter credimus inspirante, nullo- 
 que nostrum discrepante, vota nostra direximus in 
 venerabilem virum maiiTin Witlm Waynflete sacre 
 
 O / 
 
 theologie bacallarium, virum utique providum et 
 discretunij literarum sciencia vita et moribus merito 
 coiiimendandum, in ordine sacerdotali et etate legi- 
 tima constitutum, liberum ac legitimum, nee non 
 de legitimo matrimoriio procreatum, in spiritualibus 
 et temporalibus plurimum circumspectum, aliisque 
 virtutibus insignitum, valentem et scientem jura 
 dicte Ecclesie nostre defendere et tueri, et cum 
 quasi una voce et uno spiritu in nostrum et ipsius 
 Ecclesie nostre episcopum elegimus et pastorem. 
 
 Idcirco ego Wiiims Prior andcus vice mea actocius 
 
 . o . 
 capitli bfcu conventus predicti and of all who had 
 
 any tight prefatum M. Wifrm Waynflete in Epm 
 
 et
 
 312 APPENDIX. 
 
 et pastorem hujus ecclie eligo in coi, ac liuic ecctie 
 provideo de eodem. Guam quidem electoem su: 
 solempniter et canonice celebratam nos omnes et 
 singuli unanimiter approbavimus et statim ym- 
 pnum sive psalm Te Deum laudamus decantantes 
 ac campanas ipsius ecctie festive pulsari facientes ad 
 sum mum altare ejusdern ecctie processionaliter ac- 
 cessimus et per preiaturn magrum Steptim Wilton 
 de nostro consensu et mandate sibi in ea parte iactis 
 electoem nostm predm coram cleri et populi multi- 
 tudine it)m congregatorum in lingua vulgari exponi 
 leciinus et solempniter publicari. Et depost elecm 
 nostm predictam et ejus processum prefato Magro 
 Witto -Wayntiete elco ilro in dco Collegio Regab 
 be Marie de Etona existenti per confres nostro?, 
 Robertum Purvton Suppriorem et Ricf Marlebergh 
 liordarm procuratores nostros in ea parte specialiter 
 pro ipsius electi nostri consensu requirendo et obti- 
 nendo in forma debita fecimus pntari. Oui quidem 
 electus nostcr per prefatos procuratores nostros vi- 
 C'ibus iteratis requisitus ut elecoi prede swim con- 
 sensum prebere vellet pariter et assensum quam 
 plurimas excusaoes }>retendebet et demum post 
 varias interpellaciones et requisioes ])er dictos j)ro- 
 curatores nostros sil>i factas Idem Magr WiHrns 
 Waynflete electus nostcr in ecctia Collegii IVgalis 
 fete Marie de Etona prerlicta die instantis 
 
 mensis Aprilis, circiter horam mf-ridiem 
 
 ejusdem diei ante So] is occasum repertus ac coii- 
 stitutus ac niito per prefatos procuratores nr'os re- 
 quisitus uicens se diucius nolle divine in hac parte 
 
 resistere
 
 APPENDIX. 313 
 
 resistere voluntati elecoi nostri pdce de se facto con- 
 sensiit in lumc moduni, In Dei nomine Amen Ego 
 Wittms W. &c. in episcopum et pastorem, c3*c. ec- 
 ctie Wyntonj per mortem, Ci'c. jam vacantis, Csfc. 
 electus, nolens ulterius resistere vocacoi et volun- 
 tati divine infra tern pus a jure statutum de Sps 
 sancti adjutorio ac gloriosissime Dei genetricis 
 et virgin is Marie et beatorum Aploi'm Petri et 
 Pauli necnon scti Swythini gloriosi confessoris 
 i]) c ius ecc-iie patronis firmiter confisus, elecoi 
 tirnoi de me facte cum Dei timore pariter ac tre- 
 more consencio et consensmn meum prebeo in 
 liiis scriptis. Ea propter, beatissime pater, Sanc- 
 titati vestre tain devote quam humiliter voto una- 
 nimi supplicamus quatinus electionem eandem sic 
 sancte solempniter concorditer et canonice cele- 
 bratam dignetur vestra sanctitas confirmare ; ac ei- 
 dem electo nostro munus consecracionis favorabi- 
 Jiter impertire; ut deo auctore nobis et dicte Ec- 
 clesie velut pastor ydoneus preesse valeat utiliter et 
 prodesse. Nosque et alii ipsius subditi ob illius re- 
 gimen possimus cum deo salubriter militare. In 
 quorum omnium et singulorum fidem et testimo- 
 nium premissorum sigilluin nostrum commune fe- 
 cimus hiis apponi, Et nichilominus patentes nostras 
 literas signo et subscriptione magri Ricardi Pette- 
 \\orth liotani public! obscriptas scnbeque pro nobis 
 in hac parte assumpti fecimus communiri. Dat 
 in domo iiostra capit anno dom supradicto, Indic- 
 lione Pontificatus sanctissimi in Xto pa- 
 
 tris tt donj'ni Nictii dia providencia Pape quinti 
 
 anno
 
 314 APPENDIX, 
 
 anno prime diebus et locis supradictis presentibu* 
 tune ifom magris Jolie Pachet et Rob to Rifale notariis 
 public-is testibus ad premissa vocatis specialiter et 
 
 rogatis. 
 
 N" VI. 
 
 Rymcr Acta MSS. v. 6. n. 153. Pat. 25 H. 6, 
 pr. 2. m. 30. 
 
 De custodia temporalium Wyntoni 
 
 JLVEX omnibus ad quos, &c. Salutem. Sciatis quod 
 de gratia nostra speciali et ex mero motu et certa sci- 
 entia nostris concessimus delecto nobis in Christo 
 magistro Willielmo Waynflete preposito cotl riostri 
 recalls beate Marie de Eton custodiam omnium 
 
 O 
 
 et singulorum temporalium Episcopatus Wyuton- 
 cum pertinentiis una cum feodis niiliturn wardis 
 releviis et maritagiis ac advocationibus Abbatiarum 
 Prioratuum Ecclesiarum Rectoriarurn Vicariarum 
 Hospitalium Cantariarum et aliorum Beneficiorum 
 Ecclesiasticorum quorumcumque : Ac etiav.n visibus 
 ffrancipleg" cuf et proficuis eorunden^ necnon 
 officiis Senescaft Constabulaf Ballivorurn et Parca- 
 riorimi Custodum Warennarum et omnium eo quod 
 nobis de Episcopatu predicto seu ceteris premi^sis ra- 
 tione vacationis predicte per mortem venerabilis pa- 
 tris et carissimi Avunculi nostri Heiir~ ultiini Epi- 
 scopi ibidem pertinet seu pertinere debet pro tern- 
 port
 
 APPENDIX. 315 
 
 pore quo temporalia predicts in manibus nostris oc- 
 casione premissa existant seu existere debeant ha- 
 bencT et tenend temporalia predicta simul cum om- 
 nibus ct singulis premissis cum pertinentiis prefato 
 \V. et cxecutoribus suis a tempore mortis dicti cavis- 
 simi Avunculi nostri quamdiu temporalia ilia occa- 
 sione premissa in manibus nostris fore contigerint 
 
 r^v 
 
 Ileddend indenobisprout inter The's nostrum Anglic 
 et p re fat W. intra ffestum Sancti Michaelis Arch- 
 angel i proxj futur" poterit concordari absque aliquo 
 compoto sen aliquo alio inde nobis reddend 1 et abs- 
 que fine sen feodo inde nobis solvencf Nolentes quod 
 aliquis Escaetor Vie; aut alius minister noster seu 
 aliquis alius de temporal ibus predictis aut de aliquo 
 premissorum tempore hujusmodi vacationis aliqua- 
 liter se intromittat eo quod expressa mentio de vero 
 valore premissorum seu alicujus eorumdem sive de 
 uliis donis seu concessionibus per nos prefato W. 
 ante haec tempora fact in presentibus mini me fa eta 
 existit aut aliquibus statutis actibus ordinationibus 
 restrictionibus seu assignatiombus ad opus Hospitii 
 nostri seu aliquibus alns assignatiombus vel concc.'s- 
 :-!: nibus editis ordinatis foctis sive assignatis vel ali- 
 qua alia causa re vel materia quacumque in aliquo 
 non obstant 
 
 In cujus, C>c. 
 
 Teste liege apud Cantuar" xi. die Aprilis 
 Per ipsum regem et de data predicta 
 auctoritate Parliamenti. 
 
 N. 163,
 
 316 APPENDIX. 
 
 N. 163. 
 
 Super custodia Teinporalium Episcopatus Wyu- 
 ton] concess Witto Waynflete preposito Coil de 
 Eton tie iion intromittendo. 
 
 Memorandum quod xi m die Aprilis anno rtgni 
 nostri 25 ;o ista Billa liberata fuit Cancellario Ang-lie 
 apud Cantuaf exequend 
 
 R. H. 
 
 Rex omnibus ad quos, &c. Salutem. 
 
 The same as the other. Infra Turrim. 25 H, 
 
 /i//?/?tT, Feeder a, tom. xi. p. 162. A. D. 144^ . Ann. 25 
 II. 6\ Pat. 25 H. 6'. p. 2. in. 36'. 
 
 De licentia eligendi Wynton 
 
 HEX, dilectis sibi in Christo., Priori et Conventui 
 Kcclesia? Sancti Svvithini Wynton, Salutem. 
 
 Ex parte vestra Nobis est bumiliter supplicatum, 
 quod, curn Ecclesia vestra pra^dicta, per mortem, 
 bonfr memoriae, Henriei ultimi episcopi, loci illius, 
 Pastoris sit solatio destituta, alium vobis Elig'endi 
 in Episcopum et Pastorem Lieentiam vobis conce- 
 dcre dignaremur 
 
 A\>s (precibus vestris in hac parte favorabiliter 
 inclinatij licentiam illam vobis duximus conce- 
 dendam ; 
 
 Mandantes quod talem vobis elio;atis in Episcopum 
 et Pastorem, qui Deo devotus, Ecclesicc vestrre neces-
 
 APPENDIX. 317 
 
 <anns, Nobisque et Regno nostro utilis et fidelis ex- 
 jstat. In cujus, f?c. 
 
 Teste Rege apud Cantuariam, \v die Aprilis. 
 Per breve de private sigillo, et de data pra> 
 
 dicta, (s'c. 
 
 Rjuiu, tuiu. xi p. 172. A. 0.1117. Ann. iljH.G. 
 Pat. 25 H. G. p. 2. in. 29. 
 
 De Restitutione Temporalium Wynton. 
 
 i. V 
 
 JAEX Escaetori uo in Comitatibus Sutbamptonias et 
 Wiitesite, Salutem. 
 
 Cutu dominus Nicholaus Sumrnus Pontifex de 
 persona dilecti clerici nostri, Willielmi Waynflete, 
 prtppositi Collegii no?tn beatce Maria 1 de Eton, ec- 
 cle?iae cathedral i Wyntoniensi, auctoritate sua apo- 
 stolica, provident, ipsumque Willielmura in Ejjisco- 
 puin loci illius prttfecerit et Pastorein, sicut per li- 
 teras bullatas ipsius domini Suinmi Pontificis, nobis 
 inde directas, nobis constat, 
 
 Nos. pro eo quod idem Episcopus omnibus et siu- 
 gulis vei bis, nobis et coronte nostrae praejudicialibu?, 
 in dictis litevis bullatis contentis, coram nobis palam 
 et ex[)ix>se rennnciavit, et gratia? nostrae humiliter 
 se submisit, volentes cum eo in bac parte age re gra- 
 tiosc, 
 
 Cepimus fidelitatern ipsius Episco})i, nobis pro 
 temporalibus ejusdem episeopatus debitam ; et ideo 
 tibi prapcipimus quod eidein ICpiscopo temporalia 
 
 praedicta,,
 
 }J8 APPENDIX. 
 
 prajdicta, cuin pertinentiis in balliva tua, liberes iri 
 forma predicta ; salvo jure cujuslibet. 
 
 Teste Rege apud Westmonasterium, 4 to die Junii. 
 Per ipsum Regem et de data, &c. 
 
 Consirnilia Brevia diriguntur Escaetoribus sub- 
 scriptis in comitatibus et locis subscriptis sub eadem 
 data ; viz. 
 
 Escaetori Regis in Com. Somers. et Dors. &c, 
 
 Escaetori Regis in Com. Oxon. et Berk. 
 
 Escaetori Regis in Com. Sur. et Sussex. 
 
 Escaetori Regis in Com. Bed. et Buk. 
 Et mandatum est Domini? Militibus, 
 
 N; VII. Sec p. 42. 
 
 .In Abstract from the Will of King Henry VI. fto 
 published by Budden, p. 72, from the archives at 
 Eton, by favour of Sir Henry Saville. He hat* 
 omitted the date. 
 
 The entire Will may be found in the Collection mad(- 
 by Nichols, 1/80. 
 
 J[ HE preamble sets forth that he was moved by 
 divers great and notable causes to have his entent 
 written, that he had enfeffed a number of persons, 
 who are named, with various possessions, which 
 would amount to jt'3395, ll.v. ^d. yearly value, at 
 different times by letters patent, which had been 
 
 confirmed
 
 APPENDIX. 319 
 
 confirmed by Act of Parliament, and that lie now 
 notified unto them his pleasure. Then follow di- 
 rections concerning his two colleges, and the dimen- 
 sions which he had intended for their buildings, 
 &c. And if before his will in every point be exe- 
 cuted said feoffees should die, save three, two, or 
 one, then these must enfeffe the bishop of Win- 
 chester and thirteen others, whose names follow ; 
 and these, when reduced in like sort, to fill up their 
 number again with persons spiritual and temporal, 
 of good fame, faith, arid credence. " Furthermore, 
 for the finall performing of my seid will, to be put 
 effectually in execution, I considering the great dis- 
 cretion of the said worshipfull fader in God William 
 now B. of Winchester his hisrh truth and feruent 
 
 o 
 
 zeal, which at all times he hath had and hath vnto 
 my wele, and which I haue found and proved in 
 him, and for the great and hoale confidence which 
 I haue in him for thoo causes, vvol that he not onely 
 as surveiour, but also as executor and director, of my 
 seid will, be prevy vnto al and every execution of 
 the performing of my seid will, and that his consent 
 in any wise be had thereto. And if any execution 
 of the performing of my seid will, or if any part 
 thereof be doo in any wise contrary to the ten our 
 and effect hereof, I will that it stand voide and for 
 ever bee had for none. And if it befall that there 
 be any divers opinions, variance or discord beteexe 
 my seid ftlibes aud mine executors, in or for any ex- 
 ecution of the performing of my seide will or of any 
 
 t. J *> 
 
 parte thereof, I give then and grant veto the seid B. 
 
 of
 
 320 APPENDIX. 
 
 of Winchester by these presents, plaine power and 
 authority, And finally I will that hee as vmpier in 
 that behalfe haue at all times power and authority 
 for to call and take vnto him such discreete persons 
 of my seide fefFees as vnto him for the accomplish- 
 ment of my seid will, shall seem best disposed, and 
 he after their advice herd, doo make the iinall con- 
 rlusion in that party. And I will that the power, 
 state, title, and interest of that person, and of thoo 
 persons of my seid feffees in home the cause of such 
 variance and discord by the seid B. of Winchester 
 and thoo other of my same feffees shall be found, 
 cease and be void as wel in all things touching my 
 seid feffement, as in all things touching my seid 
 will. And if so be that the seid B. of Win- 
 chester passe unto God out of this mortall life I be- 
 ing on hue, then I will that this authority and 
 power by me vnto him in the forme above seide ye- 
 ven and granted, returne againe wholy vnto me and 
 abide in mine own disposition. And in case that 
 1 be called out of this mortall life, the seide B. of 
 Winchester me over living, I will then that at such 
 time as God shall giuc 1 vnto him knowledge by like- 
 ly-hood of his briefe passage out of this world, my 
 seid will at that time not fullie accomplished, ht x 
 remember him of the most discreete faithfull and 
 true person a Lord spiritual or temporal!, which the 
 >aid B. of Winchester by very experience had, tlu 
 meane time shall finde and prooue for to be best and 
 most godly disposed, and most feruent in zeale to 
 the performing of my seid will ; and as well vnto 
 
 the
 
 APPENDIX. 321 
 
 the same Lord without inordinate affection or accep- 
 tion of person, as he shal in briefe streitly answere 
 herein before the tribunal! seate of Christ our alder 
 Sauiour and terrible judge, as vnto the Prouosts of 
 both my seyd Colledges for the time being ; com- 
 mit hooly vnder his letter and seale the seyd power 
 and authority which bee hath in the forme aboue- 
 said of mv ^ift and grant made vnto him in this be- 
 
 / O O 
 
 halfe." 
 
 N VIII. See p. 47. 
 
 .Rx Archiv. Universit. O.ion. Regis tr. F. fol. 77- 
 Ep. 181. 
 
 Letter of the University of Oxford to Provost 
 Waynflete on the subject of Duke Humphrey's 
 Books. 
 
 DILECTIONIS vicissitudinem gracianim actiones et 
 honorem *. Tantum nobis animi tantum fiducie 
 ac spei prestat insignis humanitas et probata dilectio 
 tua magister carissime vt nonmodo propriam opem 
 qua semper egemus veruni insuper cum res id exigat 
 generose probitatis tue curani studium atq- 7 operam 
 apud alios pro nobis eciarn in periculo gratanter 
 impendas Credimus enim semper tibi ante oculos 
 
 * The first six words " Dilectionis," &c though they stand as 
 part of the letter, seem more like a memorandum of its contents, 
 
 Y esse
 
 322 APPENDIX. 
 
 esse quanto tenearis amore in matrem que te spiri- 
 tual! conceptual vtero in lucem cognitionis eduxit, 
 et donee in viriiis animi robur cresceres quo iam ex- 
 celhs pretiosissimis dapibus indulgentissimo fauore 
 omnium scientiarum alimentis enutriuit. Cum igi- 
 tur plurimum apud regiarn celsitudinem possis, de 
 quo vehementer omnes congaudemus, hortamur in 
 domino rogamus ct obtestamur virtutem tuam vt 
 tarn benignissime dominationis graciam pro nobis 
 interpeliare digneris de libris optenendis (sic) quos 
 dudiun magnificus i!le princeps dux Gloucestrie in 
 nostre congregationis domo adunatis doctoribus et 
 magistris pnblica voce concessit et sepenumero 
 postca nunciis nostris priuatim ac paulo ante mor- 
 tem nt ex fide digna relatione accepimus eandem 
 donationem confirmauit, Alia quoq. ( inulta promisit 
 de quibus tacere prestat, hoc vnvnn tarnen Industrie 
 tue ac fidei in qua rirmissimarn spem vocauimus 
 (/. locauimusj eleborandum (.y/c) commendamus 
 Nam et si nobilissimus ilie princej)s et rex noster 
 graciosissinms a natura fuerit ad onine bonuni in- 
 clinatissinms non dubitanius tamen quin tuis et ali- 
 orum bonorum sua^ionibus fiet paracior. Postremo 
 in hiis que ilia ex parte dicentur audientiani dig- 
 neris inpeuderu creditinam et fauorem. Vale et a 
 nobis te diligi eonstantissime tene. Dat in nostre 
 congregationis domo, &c. 
 
 Vniuersitas studii Oxon' 
 [probably A. D. 144;.] 
 Magistro Wittmo Waynflete 
 Preposito collegii regalis de Eton.
 
 APPENDIX, 323 
 
 N IX. 
 
 Ex Arcldvis Coll. Magd. O.row. 
 
 Instrumentum Fundationis Aule Eeate Marie Mag- 
 dalene, per Willelrnum Waynflet, Episc. Win- 
 ton. Anno Domini 1448, Henrici Sexti 26, 
 Consecrationis 2. 
 
 UNIVERSIS et singulis Sancte Matris Ecclesie filiis 
 ad quos et quorum notitiam presentes littere perve- 
 nerint et quos infra scripta tangunt seu tangere po- 
 terunt in futurum Willelmus Waynflete permissi- 
 one divina Wintoniensis Episcopus Salutem in Do- 
 mino sempiternam. Cum illustris Princeps et 
 Dominus Dominus Henricus mine Rex Anglie et 
 Francie et Dominus Hibernie Sextus post Conques- 
 tum ad laudem gloriam et honorem omnipotentis 
 Dei Palris et Filii et Spiritus Sancti ac intemerate 
 et beatissime Virginis Marie Matris Christi necnon 
 beate Marie Magdalene extirpationemq, heresum et 
 errorum augmentum cleri decoremq,, sacrosancte 
 Matris Ecclesie cujus ministeria personis sunt ido- 
 neis committenda, que velut stelle in custodiis suis 
 lumen prebeantet populos instruant doctrina paritcr 
 et exemplo, cle gratia sua special! et ex mero rnotu 
 et certa scientia suis sexto die Maii ultimo preterite 
 per litteras suas patentes concesseritet licenciam de- 
 derit pro se heredibus et successoribus suis quantum 
 .'ii ipso fuit nobis quod nos ad laudem gloriam et 
 Y 2 honorem
 
 324 APPENDIX. 
 
 honorem Dei et dicte beatissime Virginis Marie 
 Matris Christi ac beate Marie Magdalene prelibate 
 quandam Aulam perpetuam eruditionis scientiarum 
 sacre theologie et philosophic de uno Presidente et 
 quinquaginta Scholaribus grauuatis, aut pluribus 
 vel paucioribus secundurn loci vel Aule illius exi- 
 gentias et facilitates augend is vel minuendis easdem 
 scientias addiscentibus, juxta ordinationes et statuta 
 inde per nos in hac parte condenda statuenda faei- 
 enda et stabilienda in Universitate GXOUJ erigere 
 fundare facere et stabilire poseemus perpetuis fu- 
 turis temporibus duraturam, Ac quod nos idoneam 
 personam quamcuno, ecclesiasticain HI Presidentem 
 et pro Presidente ipsius Aule necnon alias per- 
 sorias ei grato animo adberentes Scholares ejusdem 
 Aule })er nos ad hoc eiigendos et assumendos se- 
 cundurn ordinationes et statuta inde } N -er nos fa- 
 cienda regendos corrigendos privandos et amoven- 
 dos preficere creare et ordinare valerenms: Voluerit 
 etiain et concesserit prefatus Rex per dictas litteras 
 suas quod predicta Aula cum sic erecta fundata et 
 stabilita esset Aula bcate Mane Magdalene vulga- 
 riter Seint Maudelevn Halle in Universitate Oxoiu 
 
 a/ 
 
 in perpetuum nuncuparetur. Et quod predicti 
 Presidens et Scholares et euccessores sui Presidens 
 et Scholares Aule Beate Marie Magdalene in Uni- 
 
 o 
 
 versitate OxonJ similiter in perpetuum nuncuj)a- 
 rentur, iicleinq, Presidens et Scholares et successores 
 sui per nomen Presidentis et Scholarium Aule be- 
 yte Marie Magdalene in Universitate OxonJ essent 
 
 persone
 
 APPENDIX. 325 
 
 persone habiles capaces et perpetue In lege ad per- 
 quirendum et recipiendum teiras tenementa reditus 
 et possessiones quecunque tenenda eis et eorib.n 
 successoribus in perpetuum, statute tie terris et te- 
 nementis ad nianuin rnortuam non ponendis edito 
 non obstante ; Ac etiam quod iidem Presidens et 
 Scholares et successores sui per idem nomen et sub 
 eodeni nomine placitare et implacitari possent in 
 quibuscunq^ curiis placeis et locis predict! Regis he- 
 red urn et successorum suorum ac in curiis placeis et 
 locis aliorum quoramcunque infra Regnum suum 
 Anglic secundum leges et consuetudines ejusdem 
 Kegni, et ad omnia alia facienda et recipienda prout 
 et eoclem modo quo ceteri ligei ipsius Regis persone 
 habiles et capaces infra idem regnum placitant et 
 implacitantur ac faciunt et facere poterunt in curiis 
 placeis et locis predictis secundum leges et consue- 
 tudines predictas ; necnon quod ])redicti Presidens 
 et Scholares et eorein successores haberent unum 
 commune sigillum pro negotiis suis agendis in per- 
 petuum serviturum prout in literis predictis inter 
 aha hujusmodi fundationi erectioni et stabilimento 
 consona et opportuna plenius continetur : Cumq., di- 
 lectus nobis Johannes Godmanston tie Comitatu 
 Essex Armiger vicesimo die Juhi ultimo preterit! 
 per quandam Cartam .suain nobis tlederit et conces- 
 serit, et Carta ilia confirmaverit quoddam solum 
 sive fundum jacens in parochia Suncti Petri in Ori- 
 ente clicte Viile OXGIIJ ];er noinen uniu.s tenementi 
 vocati Boster-Halle cum uno gardino in parte au- 
 strali ejusdem tenementi contiguo, continent in lon- 
 
 gitudine
 
 326 APPENDIX. 
 
 gitudine centum triginta etquinque pedes, et in la-^ 
 titudine triginta et septem pedes, et unius alii te- 
 nementi vocati Hare-halle cum gardino in parte bo- 
 reali ejusdem tenementi contiguo in dicta parochia 
 Sancti Petri ejusdem ville continent sexaginta et 
 quindecim pedes in longitudine, et in latitudine sex- 
 aginta et sex pedes, habendum et tenendum nobis 
 heredibus et assignatis nostris in perpetuum, ad in- 
 tentionem et efFectum quod nos bujusmodi Aulam su- 
 pcrius specificatam in solo sive fundo predicto funda- 
 remiis prout in dicta Carta ipsius Johannis Godman- 
 ston superinde confecta plenius apparet, Vestra no- 
 verit Universitas quod nos premissa interna medita- 
 tione fore pia et rneritoria intirne considerantes, ea- 
 que perficere et effectualiter perimplere cupientes 
 ad rmjusrriodi Aule erectionem i'undationem et stabi- 
 limentum in nomine Sancte et Individue Trinitatis 
 Patris et Filii et Spiritus Sancti., vigore et auctori- 
 tate licentie regie nobis ut prefertur in hac parte per 
 literas superius specincatas date et concesse proce- 
 dentes ad laudem gloriam et bonorem omnipo- 
 tentis Dei et beatissime Marie Virginis Matris 
 Christi ac Sancte Marie Magdalene prelibate, ac ad 
 cetera divine pietatis opera, quandam Aulam perpe- 
 tuam eruditionis scientiarum sacre Theologieet Plii- 
 losopbie juxta tenorem presentium in et de nurnero 
 unius Presidentis et quinquaginta Scbolarium gra- 
 duatorum aut plurium vel pauciorum secunduin loci 
 vel Aule ill i us exigentias et facultates augendorum 
 vel mmuendorum easdem scientias addiscentiuin 
 (uxta ordinationes et statuta inde per nos in hac 
 
 parte
 
 APPENDIX. 327 
 
 parte condenda statuenda facienda et stabilienda in 
 Universitate predicta, videlicet in fundo sive solo 
 superius specificato et limitato erigimus fundamus 
 facimus el stabilimus perpetuis futuris temporibus 
 duraturam, Et mao'istrum Johannern Horley sacre 
 
 J 
 
 theologie baccalaurcum in Presidentem et pro Pre- 
 
 sidente ipsius Aule, necnon Dorninum Robertum 
 Calthorp, Dominum Willelmum Laugh ton, Do- 
 minum Johannem Elys, Dominum Robert um Ca- 
 riswell, D um Willelmum Strenger, Thomam Smyth, 
 D um Willelmum Ely?, D um Thomam Chapeleyn, 
 D um Johannem Ingleby, D ura Robertum ?Iayn, 
 D um Willelmum Rug, Thomam Matthew, Thomam 
 Sutton, in artibus rnagistros, D um Johannem For- 
 man, D um Simonem Godmanston, D um Willelmum 
 Delyn, Willelmum Henvard, Johannem Bradley, 
 Ricardum Berne, Philippum Rogger, in artibus 
 baccalaureos, prefato President! grato animo ad he- 
 rentes, Scholares graduates ejusdem Aule per nos ad 
 hoc electos et assumptos secundum ordinationes et 
 statuta inde per nos facienda regendos corrigendos 
 privandos et amovendos preficimus creamus et ordi- 
 uamus. Volurnus etiam et concedimus statuimus et 
 ordmamus quod iidem Presidens et Scholares et suc- 
 cessores sui Presidentes et Scholares ejusdem Aule 
 juxta ordinationes et statuta per nos ut premittitur 
 fienda et edenda eligere congregare et admitterepo- 
 terunt plures Scholares secundum ordinationes et sta- 
 tuta ilia regendos corrigendos privandos et amoven- 
 dos: Quosquidem Scholares et eoruni successores sic 
 electos congregates etadmissos secundum hujusmodi 
 
 statuta
 
 328 APPENDIX, 
 
 statuta et ordinationes regencies corrigendos pri- 
 vandos et amovendos Scholares esse ipsius Aule,, et 
 (tanquam Scholares et Membra) ejusdern Aule ha- 
 beri teneri et in omnibus reputari volumus et con- 
 cedimus statuimus et ordinamus pro nobis et sue- 
 cessoribus nostris in perpetuum per presentes. Vo- 
 lumus ulterius et concedimus statuimus et ordina- 
 mus quod prefato Presidente cedente vel decedente 
 vei quacunq, alia de causa inde amoto sive privato 
 Scholares residui ejusdem Aule pro tern pore exis- 
 tentes secundum formam et effectual ordinationum 
 et statutorurn hujusmodi ut premittitur fiendorum 
 alterum idoneum virum in Presidente in elect u in * 
 post electionem de se faciendam in Presidentem 
 et pro Presidente ejusdem Aule ])er nos et suc- 
 cessores nostros Win ton.} Episcopos pro tempore 
 existentes tenore presentium duximus admitten- 
 dum et confirmandum ac secundum ordinationes 
 et statuta predicta regendum corrigendum privan- 
 dum etamovendum. Et quod hujusmodi Presiden- 
 tibus cedentibus vel decedentibus aut quonuo modo 
 exinde privatis sive amctis in faturum habeant 
 dicti residui Scholares Aule autedicte et habere 
 possint juxta ordinationes et statuta ut premittitur 
 fienda liberam electionem de tempore in tempus 
 novi Presidentis Aule suj)radicte, quarn in Presi- 
 dentem Aule illius modo et forma prenotatis admitti 
 
 * Ita MS. seel ad hiaturn supplendum inserenda fortasse post 
 vcccm "Presidentem" hec sequentia, ex consimili autographo. vid' 
 [Aul'j illius absque licentia inde de nobis seu successoribus nostris 
 [etenda vel prosequenda eligere possum ; quern nij kc.l 
 
 et
 
 APPENDIX. 329 
 
 et confirmari ac in Presideritem ejusdem Aule sicad- 
 missum et confirmatum et secundum ordinationes 
 et statuta predicta regendum corrigendum privan- 
 dum et amovendum Presidentem esse perpetuum 
 ejusdem Aule et non alium neque alio modo volu- 
 mus concedimus statuimus et ordinamus per pre- 
 sentes. Volumus etiam et concedimus statuimus et 
 ordinamus quod Sociis predicte Aule cedentibus vel 
 decedentibus aut exinde privatis vel amotis aut eo- 
 rum aliquo cedente vel decedente aut exinde pri- 
 vate sen amoto in futurum habeant dicti Presidens 
 et Scholares et successores sui predicti in perpe- 
 tuum juxta hujusmodi ordinationes et statuta li- 
 beram electionern et confirmationem novorum Scho- 
 larimn in eorum loco ponendorum absque licentia 
 inde de nobis sen successoribus nostris petenda vel 
 prosequenda in futurum ; quos sic electos confir- 
 matos et admissos, et non alios Scholares esse Aule 
 predicte et tanquam Scholares et Membra ejusdem 
 Aule haberi teneri et reputari secundum ordinationes 
 et statuta ilia regendos corrigendos privandos et 
 amovendos volumus et concedimus statuimus et or- 
 dinamus pro nobis et successoribus nostris in perpe- 
 tuum. Preterea per hcentiam prefati Domini Regis 
 in hac parte obtentam dedimus concessimus et per 
 presentes confirmavimus prefatis President! et Scho- 
 (aribus fundum sive solum predictum cum pertinen- 
 tiishabendum et tenendum sibi et successoribus suis 
 tain pro domibus et edificiis eorumq,, mansionibus et 
 aliis necessariis suis in et super fundum sive soluin 
 iliud construendis et faciendis quam in augmenta- 
 
 tionem
 
 330 APPENDIX. 
 
 tionem sustentationis eorundem Presidentis et Scho- 
 larium et successorum suorum in perpetuum. Ce- 
 tera autem omnia et singula ordinationes et statuta 
 pro premissis quomodolibet necessaria et optima 
 superius specificar/ et in presentibus minime facta 
 usque alias deferimus per nos condenda ordirianda 
 et statuenda. In quorum omnium et singulorum 
 premissorum fidem et testimonium presentibus si- 
 gillum nostrum fecimus apponi. Datum vicesimo 
 die August! anno Domini millesimo quadringen- 
 tesimo quadragesimo octavo, et anno regni predict* 
 Domini Regis Henrici Sexti post Conquestum vice- 
 simo sexto, et nostre consecrationis anno secmido. 
 
 (L.S.) 
 
 N X. See p. 74. 
 
 Memorandum, Instruction, and Reporte, j'rotu 
 Cotton MSS. Titus E vi, 
 
 JVlEMOKANDUM, that the 23 d day of March, for as- 
 moch as God haith called to his mercye and esch- 
 shewed his will upon Master John Kempe late Car- 
 dinall Archbishop of Canterbury and Cliaunceller of 
 Englaund whoose soule God assoile and by whoose 
 death thoffice of Chaunceller of England stondeth 
 
 O 
 
 11 owe voide, the which office of force and necessitie 
 for the ease of the people and processe of the lawe 
 must be occupied, it was advised ordeigned assented 
 
 and
 
 APPENDIX. 331 
 
 and thoroughly agreed by the Duke of York the 
 Kinges Lieutenaunt in this present Parliament and 
 all the Lords S. and T. assembled in the Parlement 
 chamber at Westm r , that certeyn Lordes that is to 
 saye the Bishoppes of Winchester Ely and Chest re, 
 the Erles of Warw- Oxon and Shrousbury, the 
 Viscountes Beammond and Bourchier, the Priour 
 of St. Johns, the Lordes Faucomberge, Dudley, and 
 Sturton, should ride to Windesore to the kinges 
 highe presence to shevve and declare to his highnes 
 the said matters and other certen maters the which 
 of necessitie must be ordeigned and purveied fore 
 as in the instruccion thereupon made plainly ap- 
 pereth whereof the tenour sueth in this fourme. 
 
 Instruccion veven by the Duke of Yorke the 
 
 / > 
 
 kinges Lieutenaunt of his Parliament and other 
 Lordes S. and T. of the saide Parliament, To the 
 righte reverent Fadres in God the Bishoppes of 
 Winchester Ely and Chester, Therles of Warwik 
 Oxenforde and Shrovesbury, the Vicountes Beau- 
 mont and Bourchier, the Lordes Priour of St. Johns, 
 Faucomberge, Dudley, and Sturlon jointly, the 
 which credence they shall opene if they finde the 
 kinges disposicion suche that he shall movve and will 
 attende to the heringe and understandinge thereof 
 and elles they shall open but oonly the firste and 
 second articles. 
 
 Firste they shall reeoHiiEande the saide Lic-ute- 
 naunte and Lordes as humblie and mekelie as they 
 can to the kinges gode grace sayinge there is no 
 
 earthly
 
 332 APPENDIX. 
 
 earthly thinge that they desire more or setteth nerre 
 to here hartes than to heare of his welfaire and re- 
 lief of his grete sicknes that it haith liked God to vi- 
 site his highnes withe accordinge to theire faith li- 
 geance trouth and love that they owe and beare unto 
 him. 
 
 Item they shall saie that the saide Lieutennt and 
 Lordes after theire power and suche discrecion as God 
 haithe indued them with belieth them and intende 
 dailie to the spede of his Parlement and to suche 
 thinges as they thinke is to the wele of his highnes 
 and of his landes and subiettes and that his lawes 
 maie be observed and kepte and justice ministred to 
 every persone for rebukinge of misgovernaunce and 
 wuld be as gladd and as joy full as they coude be if 
 theire diligence mighte avaunce and further the 
 kinres welfaire and his roi-ill estate and the comon 
 
 o 
 
 vvelle. 
 
 Item sithe it is sooe that it haith plesed God the 
 which disposeth all thinges as he wull to take oute of 
 this worlde and call to his mercy the moste reverent 
 fader in God late Cardinal! and Archbishoppe of 
 Caunterburye his Chaunceller of this lande by 
 whoos death the saide archbishoppeprick is voide 
 and his highnesse remayneth dispurveid of a Chaun- 
 celler, the saide Lieut and Lordes thinke they 
 must of her trouth and verrey necessitie lete the 
 kinge have knowlege thereof to thintent that they 
 may understande hovve they shall demeane and be- 
 have them asvvell in providinge for the Church of 
 Caunterbury as for the governance of his greate 
 
 Scale?
 
 APPENDIX. 333 
 
 Scales and as to ward e the saide provision of the 
 Churche of Caunterburye that it please his highnes 
 to opene and declare his gracious entent and what 
 persone that is thought moste expedient to his goode 
 grace to be promoted thereto and in like wise in pro- 
 vidinge for his Chaunceller of this lande and they 
 shall put them in their devoire by all the meanes 
 that they canne to have verrey and clere knowlech 
 of the kinges intente in the matters abovesaide. 
 
 Item thev shall late his highnesse have in knovv- 
 
 o 
 
 lech that as sone as the saide Lieut and Lordes un- 
 der." tod e that the saide most reverent fader was 
 passed to God, they for the suertie of the said scales 
 and in eschewinge all inconvenientes made them in 
 the presence of diverse notable Lordes to be brou^hte 
 
 i O 
 
 afore all the Lords of his Parliament and there to 
 be opened and shewed and after that to be closed in 
 a coofre and to be sealed with diverse Lordes scales 
 and be leide uppe in his Treasorie where they re- 
 mayne in his Tresorers and Chamberlaynes kep- 
 inge. 
 
 Item they shall remembre that it plesed the 
 kinoes hi"hnes in this his Parliament at Rcdino-e to 
 
 O o O 
 
 commaunde to be opened to the Commons of this 
 land his gracious intent to ordeigne and stablish a 
 discrete and a sadd Counsaill the which \vas to the 
 saide Commons a p;rete reioisinsieund comforte in so 
 
 * 3 O 
 
 much that nowe late by the mouthe of there Speker 
 amono-e other thinges at too tymes haith be made re- 
 questes to the saide Lieut and Lordes that the said 
 Commons might understande and have knowlege of 
 
 effectuell
 
 334 APPENDIX. 
 
 effeetuell procedinge to the stablishinge of the saide 
 counsell wherefore certeyn Lordes and persones be 
 named under thekinges correction to take upon them 
 the saide charge and they shall mowe declare what 
 persones be soo named and understande whether the 
 kiriges goode grace be contente withe the saide per- 
 sones or whether he will chaunge or sett a side any of 
 them, to thintent that his will maie be observed 
 and kepte. 
 
 Item forasmoch as the matiers abovesaid be of 
 grete vveighte and must be kepte full secrete they 
 shall open them to noo persone but oonly unto 
 the kinge, and they shall use thordre of tharticles 
 abovesaide as it shalbe thought to them behovefull 
 and expedient. 
 
 Memorandum, that the 25 th daie of March the 
 Bisshoppes of Winchester, Ely, and Chestre, therles 
 of Warwick, Oxon, and Sbrovesbury, the Vicountes 
 Beaumond and Bourgchier, the Priour of St. Johns, 
 the Lordes Faukenberge Dudley and Sturton opened 
 and declared by the mouth e of the Bishoppe of Win- 
 chester to the Duke of Yorke the Kino-es Lieut in 
 
 o 
 
 this present Parliament and the other Lordes S. and 
 T. assembled in the Parliament chamber that they 
 accordingetothat that was putt upon them upon Sa- 
 te rdav the 23 daie of this present moneth of March 
 by the advise of the Lordes S. and T. that they 
 shulde goe to Windesore to the kinges high pre- 
 sence, and to open and declare to his highnesse cer~ 
 ten matiers conteyned in an instruccion delivered to 
 
 them
 
 APPENDIX. 335 
 
 them by the saide Lieut and the saide Lordes S. and 
 T. were at the kinges high presence and in the place 
 where he dyned and anone after his dynner was 
 doone the saide rnatiers were opened and declared 
 by the mouth of the Bishoppe of Chester righte con- 
 ningly sadly and worshipfully nothinge in substance 
 changed from the saide instruccion added ne dimi- 
 nished as the saide Bishoppe of Chester can more 
 clerely declare to their Lordeshippes and thereupon 
 the saide B. of Chester shewed and declared howe 
 that the openinge and declaringe of the saide matiers 
 by thauise of the Lordes that were sente to Winde- 
 sore was putt upon him, howe be it he thoughte him- 
 self righte unable thereto and that he first opened 
 and shewed to the kinges highnesse the three firste 
 articles as it was advised by the Lordes or they 
 wente, that is to save, the humble recommendacion 
 of the Lordes to the kinges hijihnesse, the erete de- 
 
 O O ' o 
 
 sire of his ht-le and the grete diligence of the Lordes 
 in this Parliament, raid then forasmoch as it liked 
 not the kinges highnes to yeve any aunswere to the 
 articles the saide B. of Che-ter by thadvise of all 
 the other Lo.des declared and opened to the kinges 
 highnesse the other matiers conteigned in the saide 
 instruccion to the which matiers ne to any of them 
 iho y co\vde get no aunswere ne signe for noe praier ne 
 desire lamentable chere ne exhortacion ne any thinge 
 that they or any of them cowde doe orsaye to theire 
 ^rcte sorowe and discomforte, and then the B. of 
 Winchester saide to the kinges highnes that the 
 Lordcs had not dyned but they shulde go dyne 
 
 them
 
 336 APPENDIX. 
 
 them and waite upon his highnes agen after dynne; 
 and so after dynner they come to the kinges high- 
 nesse in the same place where they were before and 
 there they moeved and sturred him by all the waies 
 and meanes that they cowde thinke to have aun- 
 s were of the matiers aforesaide but they cowde have 
 none and from that place they willed the kinges 
 highnesse to goe into another chamber and so he 
 was ledd betwene two men into the chamber where 
 he lieth and there the Lordes moeved and sturred the 
 kinges highnesse the thirde tyme by all the meanes 
 and waies that they cowde thinke to have aunswere 
 of the saide matiers and also desired to have know- 
 lech of him if it shulde like his highnesse that they 
 shulde waite upon him eny longer and to have aun- 
 swere at his leisure but they cowde have no aun- 
 swere worde ne signe and therefore withe sorowfull 
 hartes come theire waye and the saide Bps &c. and 
 everich of them praied that the saide instruction 
 and this theire reporte mighte be enacted in this 
 highe courte of Parlement of recorde. 
 
 IS 70 XI.
 
 APPENDIX, 337 
 
 N XL See p. 78. 
 
 Ex Arch. Eton, ct Rot. Pat. 33 H. 6, p. 2. m. 13. 
 (Printed from Buddens Copy, p. 71-) 
 
 Diploma Regis Henrici Sexti, de Statutis Collegi- 
 orum Regalium corrigendis et reformandis. 
 
 JH.ENRICUS Dei gratia Rex Anglise & Franciae, & 
 Dominus Hiberniae omnibus ad quos presentes lit- 
 terae pervenerint, Salutem. Sciatis quod nos inten- 
 dentes, qualiter ad intentionem nostram perimplen- 
 dam, de & in fundationibus Collegiorum nostrorum. 
 Re^alium beatae Mariae, & Sancti Nicbolai de Canta- 
 
 o 7 
 
 brigia, & Beatae Marine de Eton juxta Windesoram, 
 plura bona & notabilia statuta, et ordinationes pro 
 salubri regimine & gubernatione eoruudem Collegi- 
 
 O O O 
 
 orum nostrorum per nos edita, condita, ordinata, & 
 stabilita existunt, sicut nobis constat. Ac licet ordi- 
 nationes ac statuta prsedicta in seipsis appareant fore 
 pro hujusmcdi regimine & gubernatione eorundem 
 Collegiorum valde necessaria & opportuna : Jam 
 tamen per executionein earundem ordinationum &. 
 statutoruni videtur& reperitur, quod aliqua eorundem 
 reformatione egent, & rnagis peifecta ad dictam in- 
 lentionem nostram perirnplendam fieri possunt. Ac 
 pro eo quod nos circa tarn plura & grandia alia 
 necessaria, regimen & gubernationem Regni nostri 
 Anglite concernentia tarn sollicite occupati sumus, 
 quod circa reformation es defectu um ubi oportebit in 
 ordinationibus & statutis prasdictis contentorum, ut 
 
 z supra
 
 338 APPENDIX. 
 
 supra dictum est, ad intentionem nostrum periin- 
 plendam continue attendere non possumus; Nos de 
 gratia nostra special i commisiinus & tenore presen- 
 tium committimus Reverendis nobis in Christo pa- 
 tribus Willielmo Winton. & Johanni Lincoln. Epi- 
 scopis potestatem & authoritatem nostra in hac parte, 
 ut ipsi per advisamentum Scconsilium praepositorum 
 Collegiorum nostrorum prapdictorum, ubi eisvidebi- 
 tur necessarium fore, seu quomodolibetopportunum, 
 dicta ordinationes & statuta, durante vita nostra in 
 hac parte declarent, corrigant, Sc reforment ad hono- 
 rem dei et glorisissimas virginis Maria; matris suae, & 
 ad commodum & perpetuum stabilimentum Colle- 
 giorum nostroruin praedictorum. In cujus rei tes- 
 timonium, has literas nostras fieri fecimus patentes. 
 Teste rneipso apud Westmonasterium 3 duodecimo 
 die Julii. Anno lU'S'ni nostri S3. 
 
 NXII. Sec j>. 98. 
 -.f. If ood. //As/, ct ../;//;<;. . 2-3. In Tun i Scho'a- 
 
 .Letter of the University of Oxford to Bislion Wavn- 
 
 * I *' 
 
 fietc, concerning the Mendicant I'riar?. 
 
 IVKVERENDO in Christo Patri ac Domino D. Willi- 
 elmo Dei gratia Wvntoniensi Episcopo, t?c. Can- 
 s.-ellariu.s Universitatis Oxon et ccetus ejusdem una- 
 
 nimis
 
 APPENDIX. 339 
 
 minis magistrorum seipsos cum omni reverentia et 
 honore debitis tanto Patri, &c. Inauditi vulneris 
 acerbitate lethaliter jam percussi, in prdeparata subito 
 ruina, vestige Universitatis Oxon matris nostrae 
 propter inveteratos adversantium cruciatus 3 quibus 
 tanquam telis durissimis perfodiebamur, internis 
 inultiplicare, compellimur doloris iucendia vehe- 
 mentis. Fcelix enim dicta mater dum olim juxta 
 filiorum qualitatem s.icut ab initio consuevit, sanc- 
 tiones edidit salutares ; prae ca:teris Universitatibus 
 fructus uberes prouuxerat, et ad omnes mundi partes 
 flueuta sapientiae derivabantur. Sed quod praeferi- 
 inus preedolentes, tantae invident probitati versutiae 
 impiorum, quod per Fratres quatuor Ordinum Men- 
 dicantium, ex adverso contra earn Bullis Papalibus 
 admirandis suggestionem impegerant serpentinam. 
 Non valentes siquidem dicti Fratres ex hac ]\iatre 
 Filios ad placitum producere monstrosos, statuta 
 antiquissima atque nova quibus totius Clen honorifi- 
 centia diutius coruscavit, nituntur destruere, et con- 
 tumeliosis injurii?. citationibus ad Curiam de facto, et 
 edictis etaliis novispropositionibus enormibu?,coram 
 Papa suae matris viscera lacerare ; sicque filiorum 
 unitatem molientes disperdere, ut ipsam matrem 
 ]-;ossint extmcruere, ant in confusionem totius Eccle- 
 si':U pro suos libito voluntatis ad gradus scholasticos 
 lascivire. Quippe licet persecutionum hujusmodi 
 severitates corrodant penetralia cord is nostri, atn- 
 phus tamen accrescit afflictio dolorosa, quod facul- 
 tas Filiorum non sufficit contra tantam multitudi- 
 nem suai propriee Genetrici repcndere medicinam. 
 
 z 2 Ex clam at
 
 340 APPENDIX. 
 
 Exclamat igitur pia mater et ssevis plena doloribus 
 in occulto in prim is suas clepromit angustias patri 
 suo, ut tain in Curia Romana, quarn in Parliamento 
 proxime celebrando superna pietate manum salutis 
 dignetur apponere, et tan tee miseriae causam pro 
 viribus defendere. Ne forsan expugnantium furore 
 (quod absit) invalescente paternali suffragio non ad- 
 juta, dt'iiciatj et subjection! adversariorum perpetuae, 
 se provolvat. 12 a ' i 
 
 v'XIIL Seep. 8:1 
 
 J!y?ner, Feeder a, torn, xi. p. 3H.S. A. D. KloD. An. 
 35 II. 6. Clau;>. 35 If. (,'. in. 10, d(Ji>:. Budden, 
 p. yG. 
 
 Du Si-iliisliberanrlis. 
 
 quod, undeciino die Octobris anno 
 prersent!, ventrabilis }>aier Tiio. Archiepiscopus 
 Cautuarifiisis totius Anglia? Pnrnas et Cancellarius 
 Angliir, in pn: sentia venerabilium j)atrum, Tbomse 
 Kpiscopi LondonicEj Johannis Kpiscopi Lincolnia 1 , 
 Tiio. Episcopi Wigornia?, et Reginald] Episcopi 
 Coventrias & Liehttklia?, necnon bonorabilium Do- 
 nnnorum Richardi Dads Eboruin, Humfredi Due is 
 Bukinghamia?, Henrici Due-is Somersetise, Jacobi 
 Comitis Wiltesiae, et Johannis Comitis Salopiae, 
 Thesaurarii Anglise, ac aliorum quamplurimorum 
 Dominorum spiritualium et temporal ium, exhibuit 
 
 Domino
 
 APPENDIX. 3-11 
 
 Domino Regi in Camera sua infra Prioratum de Co- 
 ventrye, tria sigilla sua regia in tribsis bagis de corio, 
 sub sigillo pnedicti Cancellarii sigillatis iiiclusa, vi- 
 delicet, Magnum sigillum aureum, ac aliucl sigillum 
 argenteumdemagnaforma, ettertium sigillum argen- 
 teuin de niinori ibrma, quas quidem bagas prsed ictus 
 Cancellarius adtunc et ibidem apenri fecit, et singula 
 omnia sigilla praedicta manibus suis propriis praef'ato 
 domino Regi, in praesentia dominorum praedictorum, 
 ibidem libcravit. Ac idem dominus Ilex receptis 
 per ipsum de pried icto Cancellario sigillis supra- 
 dictisj praefatum Archiepiscopum de officio Cancel- 
 larii et de sigillis prardictis penitus exoneravit. Et 
 eadem sigilla venerabili patri WillielmoEpiscopo 
 Wyntonitc, a-'ltunc Cancellario Anglic, per prae- 
 fatum dominum Herein ordinato et constituto ml 
 
 o 
 
 cadem sigilla salvo et secure custodiendum, occu- 
 pandum, et exercendum, necnon ad llrevia et Li- 
 teras pnvclicti domini Ilegis Patentee, cum sigillis 
 illi.s, (juotiens opus fuerit et necesse, pro commodo 
 et utilitate ejusdem domini Regis, ac iiegni, Domi- 
 niorum, et populi suormn sigillandum et sigillari fa- 
 ciendum liberavit, pnrdictusque Episcopus Wynto- 
 niensis, pracitito per ipsum, in prssentia dicti domini 
 Regis etdominorum praedictorum, prius sacramento, 
 in forma consueta, deouicio illo bene et fideliter fa- 
 ciendoetexercendo, praedicta sigilla a praefato domi- 
 no Rege recepit, ac quasdam literas patentes de jjer- 
 donatione praefato ArchiepiscopOj pracdicto undecimo 
 die Octobris. confectas, cum praedicto sigillo argenteo 
 de magna Ibrma sigillari., deinde omnia et singula si- 
 
 gilla
 
 342 APPENDIX. 
 
 gilla supradicta in bagis praedictis reponi, et bagas 
 illas sigaeto suo per Johannem Bate unum Clerico- 
 runi Cancellariae praedicti Domini Regis,, adtunc et 
 ibidem sigillari fecit et demandavit. 
 
 i\ XIV. See p. 103. 
 
 Rymer, Ada MSS. v. y. n. 97. Pat. 38. H. 6. 
 p s 2. m. 15. 
 
 De Pardonatione pro Episc. Wyntori' 
 
 JA.EX omnibus Ballivis et fidelibus suis ad quos, 6r'c<> 
 Salute m. 
 
 Sciatis quod de gratia nostra special! et ex certa 
 scientia et mero motu nostris pardonavimus remi- 
 simus et relaxavimus Willielmo Episc . Wyntonj seu 
 quocunqiie aiio nomine censeatur omnimodas trans- 
 gressiones offensasmesprisiones contemptus et impe- 
 titiones per ipsum W. Ep. ante daiarn present! um 
 contra formam statutorurn de liberatis pannorum 
 et capiciorum factos sive perpetrates unde punicio 
 caderet in demand' debitam seu in Huem et re- 
 demptionem aut in alias penas pecuniarias sive im- 
 prisonamenta statutis predictfe non obstantibus. Et 
 insuper ex motu et scientia nostris predictis pardo- 
 navimus remisimus et relaxavimus eidem W. Ep. 
 sectam pacis nostre que ad nos versus ipsum pertinet 
 pro omnimodis proditionibus murdris raptibus rnu- 
 lierum rebellionibus insurrectionibus feloniis con- 
 
 spirationibus
 
 APPENDIX. 343 
 
 spirationibus cambipartiis manutenentiis et imbra- 
 ciariis ac aliis transgressionibus offensis negligentiis 
 extorsionibus mesprisionibus ignorantiis contem- 
 ])libus concelamentis forisfacturis et deceptionibus 
 per ipstnn W. Ep. ante datarn presentium qualiter- 
 curaque factis sive perpetratis ac etiarn utlagariis si 
 que in ipsum W. Ep. liiis occasionibus seu eorum 
 aliqua fuerint promulgate et firmam pacem nostram 
 ei inde concedimus Ita taruen quod stet. recto in 
 curia nostra si quis versus eum loqui volueritde pre- 
 missis vel de aliquo premissorum. Et ulterius par- 
 donavimus remisimus et relaxavimus eidem W. Ep. 
 omnimoda escapia felonum attiuctorum et convic- 
 torum necnon catalla felonum et fugitivorum catalla 
 utlagatorum et felonum da se Deodanda vasta irnpe- 
 titiones ac omnimott articulos itineris destructiones 
 et transgressiones de viridi vel venatione venditiones 
 boscorum infra fforestas et extra, et aliarurn rerum 
 
 ouarumcumque ante datum presentium infra regnum 
 
 <"> , r> 
 
 nostrum Anglie et MarchJ Wart' emers et eventus 
 
 unde punicio caderet in demandam debitam aut in 
 fin em et redemptionem seu in alias penas pecunia- 
 rias seu in forisfacturas bonorum et catallarorum aut 
 imprisonamentasea amerciamenta comunitatum vil- 
 larum velsingularium personarum vel in onerationem 
 liberi teiij eorum qiu nunquam transo'ressi fuerunt ut 
 
 1 JL O 
 
 li'^redurn executorum vel terre tenentium Escae- 
 torum Vicecomitum Coronatorum et aliorum hujus- 
 ii-odi et onr.ie id quod ad nos versus ipsum W. Ep. 
 pertinet seu pertinere posset ex causis supradictis, 
 ;:c etiam pardonavimus reiuiaimus et relaxavimus 
 
 eidem
 
 344 APPENDIX. 
 
 eidem W. Ep. omnimodas donationes alienationes 
 et perquisitiones per ipsum de terris ettenJ de nobis 
 vel progenitoribus nostris quondam regibus Anglic in 
 capite tentis ac etiam omnimodas donationes et per- 
 quisitiones ad manuni mortuain factas et habitas abs- 
 que licentia regia necnon omnimodas intrusiones et 
 ingressus in temporalia Episcopatus in hereditatem 
 suam in parte vel in toto post mortem predecessorura 
 suorum et antecessorurn suorurn absque debita pro- 
 secutione liberatione seu restitutione eorundem ex- 
 tra rnanum regiairi ante datam presentium fact una 
 cum exitibus ac proficuis inde rnedio ternpore per- 
 ceptis. Et insuper pardonavimus remisimus et re- 
 laxavimus eidem W. Ep. omnimodas penas ante da- 
 tam presentium coram nobis seu Consilio nostroCan- 
 cellarioThes seu aliquo Judicum nostrorum pro ali~ 
 qua causa et omnes alias penas tani nobis quam caris- 
 sirno patri nostro defuncto per ipsum W. Ep. pro 
 aliqua causa ante datam presentium forisfactas et ad 
 opus nostrum levand' ac omnimodas securitates pads 
 ante dat presentium similiter forisfactas ac etiam 
 tertias et tertiarum tertias omnimodorum prisonari- 
 orum in guerra captorum nobis die confectionis pre- 
 scntmin qualitercumque debitas et pertinentes sive 
 spectantcs per eundern W. Ep. necnon omnimodas 
 demandas transgressiones offensas mesprisiones con- 
 temptus et irnpetitiones per ipsum W. Ep. ante 
 datarn presentium contra forrnam tarn quorum- 
 cumque statutorum ordinationum et provisionum 
 ante datam presentium factorum sive cditorum de 
 perquisitionibus acceptationibus lectionibus publica- 
 
 tionibus
 
 APPENDIX. 345 
 
 tionibus notification ibus et executionibus quibus- 
 cumque quarumcumque literarum et bullarum apo. 
 stolicarum ante clatam presentium et omnium alio- 
 rurn statutorum ordinationum et provisionum pre- 
 textu quorum aliqua secta versus eundeni W. Ej). 
 per billam vel per breve dc premunire facJ seu alio 
 rnodo quocumque pro aliqua materia ante data in 
 presentium fieri valeat quam quorumcumque al;o- 
 rum statutorum factos sive perpetrates statutis ordi- 
 nationibus et provisionibus iliis non obstantibus ac 
 etiam pardonavimus remisimus et relaxavimus ei- 
 dem W. Ep. oranimodos fines adjudicates amercia- 
 menta exitus forisfactos re'evia scutagia ac omni- 
 moda debita compota prc-stita arreragia firmarum 
 et compotorum nobis ante datam presentium quali- 
 tercumque debit et pertinentes necnon omnimodas 
 actiones et demandas quas nos solus vel nos conjunc- 
 tim cum aiiis ptrsonis vel alia persona In-bemus sc-u 
 habere poterimus versus ip^um W. Ep. pro aliqui- 
 bup hujusmodi finibus amerciamentis exitibus rele- 
 viis scutagiis debitis compotis prestitis et arreragiis 
 ante datam presentium nobis debit ac etiam utla- 
 gar in ipsum W. Ep. promulgat pro aliqua causa- 
 rum supradictarum omnimodis debitis et compotis 
 nobis debit et pertinenl que vigore literarum nostra- 
 rurn patentium seu brevium nostrorum de magno 
 vel privato sigillo aut per estallamenta sive assigna- 
 tiones respectuata existunt om~mod j exceptis. Et 
 quod presens pardonatio nostra quo ad premissa vel 
 aliquod premissorum non cedat in darbpnurn pre- 
 jnditium vel derogationem alicujus altering persone 
 
 quam
 
 346 APPENDIX. 
 
 quam persone nostre dumtaxat nee quod presens 
 pardonatio nostra nee aliqua hujusmodi pardonatio 
 nostra ad aliquos magnos computantes nostros qui 
 nunc sunt vel qui pro tempore fuerunt videlicet ad 
 Thesaurarios Cales" et Hospitii nostri, &c. quo ad 
 aliqua hujusmodi officia sua sen hujusmodi occupa- 
 tiones suas seu alicujus eorundem tangentia ullo 
 inodo se extend at. In cujus, &c. 
 
 Teste Rege apud Northampton xxxdie JanuariL 
 
 Per hreve de privato Sigillo et de, dat predicts 
 
 auctoritate Parliamenti. 
 
 NXV. See p. 101'. 
 
 From M.S. C. C. C. Cambridge. Bidden, p. 80. 
 
 Letter of King Henry to the Pope in behalf of 
 Waynflete. 
 
 JDEATISSIME pater humillima recommendatione pre- 
 missa, cum devotissimis pedum osculis devotorum. 
 Fidelem atque catholicum princij^em rein dignam 
 peragere credimus quotiens preclaros et benemeritos 
 viros in vestre sanctissime paternitatis iavorem cu- 
 ramus addicere : ut proinde honis juxta sua merita 
 condigna virtutum prernia liberaliter irrogentur, & 
 de eisdem sinistra sentiendi, si forte per cniulos & 
 falso quicquam deferri contigcrit, occasio quelibet 
 amputetur. Ilinc est beatissime pater quod cum 
 nuperrimis hijs temporibu?, quibus vehementi &, ci-
 
 APPENDIX. 317 
 
 viii quadam tempestate, regni nostri publicus status 
 gravem jacturam senserit, ne pernicibus evolans alis 
 anibigua fama, veris nonunquam falsa permiscens, 
 una cum noxijs viris insontes ahos & in nullo de- 
 meritos in culpam trahat : Animo nobis est, vehe- 
 menter et cordi, clarissinio viro forlasse per emulos 
 tracto in infamiam, nostro testimonio quantum in 
 nobis est omnem adimere culpam, huic presertim 
 quern pluriraum carum habemus, Reverendo in 
 Christo patri Willelmo Winton Episcopo ; cujus 
 cum opera & obsequiis, in regni negotiis gerendis 
 Don parum usi sumus, in nichilo tamen eimi exces- 
 sisse testamur quo juste deuigrari possit aut debeat 
 tanti fama Prelati, quam hactenus omnium ore con - 
 stat intemeratam extitisse. Ea certe putatur in eo 
 rite & honestissime conversacionis integritas, ut deo 
 placcat, (8: regni nostri majores ac inlerioris status 
 homines bonam & sinceram de eo opinionem sen- 
 tiant, in sanctam Apostolicam sedem devotum sem- 
 per fuisse et obedientem iilium testes sum us, pro 
 qua ntc unquam in stare destitit, quo minus omni 
 conatu, bonorem, reverentiam & obedientiary sacr<: 
 Sedi debitas, omnibus tt'rrenis re & verbo antepo- 
 neret. Ilec cum ita sint Beatissime Pater, rogamus 
 quo valemus devocius semper pijssimam paterni- 
 tatem vestram, ut ad partern positis emuloruni com- 
 mentis, si quo in liujus nostri & indubitati testimo- 
 nii contrarium referuntur, cum uti fidtlcm ac devo- 
 tum filium vestri status & nostri, pacisque zelatorem, 
 quern ob sua merita uti colendum patrem honora- 
 rnu: 3 , et plurirno dignum lionore censernus, in ube- 
 
 riorem
 
 348 APPENDIX. 
 
 riorera gratiam sedis Apostolice, virtututn suarum 
 et nostrarum precum intuitu gratiose velitis admit- 
 tere, atque in gerendis ejus negotiis in curani S. V, 
 sin<>'ulariter habere recommissum. Et velit vestra 
 
 O 
 
 eadem heatissima paternitas fideli nostro Johanni 
 Lascy, et presentium latori de nostra voluntate 
 sufficienter instructis, in his que pro parte hujus ve- 
 nerabilis patris dicturi sunt, indubiam habere fidem. 
 Et almam vestram personam ad gregis Dominici 
 regimen salutare, votiva felicitate faciat prosperari 
 Jesus Christus. 
 
 Ex London, octavo Novemb. Anno Dorainice in- 
 carnation is 146o. 
 
 E. V. S. 
 Devotus filius Henricus Hex Anglie et Francie, &C. 
 
 N XVI. Sec p. 111. 
 From Cotton MSS. Titus E vii. 
 
 .Memorandum touching the Variance between tlie 
 Bishop of Winchester and certain Tenant?. 
 
 JViEMORANDUM,, tliat whereas upon a controversie 
 and variaunce between the reverend ffather in God 
 William Bishopp of Winchester and the Tenauntts 
 of his mannor of Estmen and other in the couutie 
 of Hampshire for certayne services customes and 
 dutyes to the said reverend ffather by the said Te- 
 nantts belonginge the kinge our soveraigne lord be-
 
 APPENDIX. 349 
 
 ing in his progresse in the said countie in the month 
 of August last past. The said Tenantts in great 
 multitude and n urn her came unto his highnes com- 
 playninge of the said rev d tTather sayinge they were 
 constroyned and compelled hy him and his officers 
 hoth to paymentts and also to do services and charges 
 for their tennures and landes and other then they 
 ought to doe beseechinge to have remedy in that 
 behalfe ; and for as much as the Kinges Highnes at 
 that time had no leisure ripely to examine and en- 
 serch all att large the causes and circumstances of 
 the said complainte as so great a matter as that was 
 required willed and charged the said Tenauntts that 
 leyinge aparte all willfullnes and obsteynaunce and 
 keepinge the kinges peace they should continue 
 paye and doe all manner services and customes 
 unto the said rev d ffather as they had done afore- 
 tyme and if they as they sayd were hurted greaved 
 or wronged hy the said rev d ffather they at the 
 time should send two or 3: of everie lordshipp with 
 their complaintts fullie instructed in the name of 
 them all of all things such as might or should in 
 their conceipt serve and suffice to the proiTe of their 
 intentt and complainte in that behalfe and they 
 should be herd and have answere such as should be 
 accordinge to reason whereupon the said Tenauntts 
 coming to the kinges said highnes to this his pre- 
 sentt parliamentt for the cowse abovesaid the same 
 his highnes willed and commaundecl Tho: Littleton 
 Thomas Billinge Witim Laron seriauntts att lawe 
 and Henry Sottell the kings attorney that they 
 
 with
 
 3.-0 APPENDIX. 
 
 with others of the learned Councell of both partye* 
 ,-hould dulie diligently and rightly commune see and 
 examine the matters of the said complainte with all 
 the circumstaunces of the same : And thereof make 
 unto his said highnes and the Lordes of his said 
 Parliament^ due report: And after longe labore 
 greate and diligeritt attendaunce and busines in this 
 behalfe by the said ser>auntts attorney and councell 
 oi' both parties before \\honi the partye of the said 
 Tenauntts of Kstmone by their complaint asked to 
 be discharged of all manner vvorkes and customes 
 elavmed of them to be due by reason of their te- 
 nures to the said rev d Mather ail tymes of the yeare 
 and of all manner of customes of certayne heves 
 and corne called by the name of Shirshette : and of 
 a some of monie claymed att two la we dayes in the 
 y ea re calledTy thing penny otherwiseTotting penny : 
 also of a some of monie called Custome pannage for 
 swyne beinge in the Lordshipp of Estmone : Saving 
 also that the Court of the said rev d {Father and his 
 successores hath be hould and yet is within the site 
 of the parsonage of Estmeon and not within the cite 
 of the ruannor of Estmeon : And also that the Te- 
 uauntts within the said Lordsbipp been fFreholders 
 and not copieholders and that all Tenauntts within 
 the same lordshipp bene Charter land and free land 
 and not copie land whereunto the party of said rev ' 
 /Father layd for him and claymed all the thinges 
 abovesaid to be due and appertayning unto him as 
 in the right of his Church shewing for him manie 
 greate and ould evidences and other proofes : The 
 
 said
 
 APPENDIX. SJl 
 
 aid seriauntts and attourney the ffourteenth dale of 
 this prcsentt month of December the first yeare of 
 the rai ( _rne of oure soveraiirne lord Edward the 
 
 i > O 
 
 fourth by his commandernentt in the parliamentt 
 c.-hamber before the lordes spirituell and temporell 
 there being presentt made relation and report att 
 lardgand by longe extention of all the thinges above- 
 said which so done and the matter in partie here 
 communed It was thought expedientt that delibera- 
 tion should be taken in this partie and in the morne 
 everie maun should saie his a;lvise herein : And in 
 the morne the. xv ta daie of December my lord 
 Chauncellor remembered unto the lordes spirituall 
 and temporell then presentt in parliamentt howe 
 yesterday they had herd what was opened declared 
 and reported by the said seriauntts and attorney in 
 the matter aboverehersed : And thereupon formed 
 a question what them thought to be donne therein 
 and that they would saie there advise finally after 
 long and sadd communication and agreements unto 
 either party consideringe the great evidences and 
 proof la vd for the party of the said rev d father the 
 ould bookees evidences writinges Custumarie Court 
 
 o 
 
 rolls particuler accountte bookes called the piper of 
 the dayes of xv Bishoppes successivelie on after an 
 other diverse recordes also exemplified under the 
 kinges great seale and under the scale of his Exchea- 
 quor and possession hadd and continued of the 
 thinges above claymed by the said rev d ffather and 
 his predecessores of tyme out of minde and that nu 
 sufficientt cawse or matter is shewed by the party of 
 
 the
 
 C52 APPENDIX. 
 
 the said Tenauntts of Estmeon to the contrarie It 
 
 was advised and well understood by the said Lorcles 
 That the said Tenauntts of Estrneon should and 
 ought to pave their rentts and doe and continew 
 their suites arid services workes and customes to tiie 
 said rev d fl'ather and his successores in like manner 
 and fourme as they have done to him in tyrnes pass- 
 ed without anie trouble or contradiction : and the 
 morne the xvi th day of decemher my Lord Chaun- 
 cellor opened unto the kinges highncs sittinge in 
 his Parliamentt the lordes spirituall and teniporall 
 then being presentt and also the judges as well the 
 on bench as the other the matters abovesaid and 
 also the contentt and advise by the said lordes 
 thereof hadd with the which his said highnes was 
 agreed well contented and pleased giving his good 
 and gratious assent to the same. 
 
 N XVII. 
 Grants of Pardon and Remission from Kin^ Ed- 
 
 O 
 
 ward IV. to Bishop Waynflete. 
 
 1. See p. 113. 
 
 Rxlractfrom a Confirmation of Privileges, as pub- 
 ii^'ied bij Budden, p. 81. From ike Exchequer. 
 A.D. 1462, An. 2 Edw. IV. 
 
 JN os autem chartas praedictas, ac omnia & singula 
 in eis contenta rata habentes & grata, ea pro nobis 
 
 & ha i re-
 
 APPENDIX, 353 
 
 &, haeredibus nostris quantum in nobis est, accepta- 
 THUS, approbamus, & venerabili Willielmo Wainflete 
 nunc Episcopo Winton. & successoribus suis ratifi- 
 camus & conrirmamu?, prout chartae prasdictaj ratio- 
 nabiliter testantur. In cnjus rei testimonium has 
 literas nosiras fecimus patentee. Teste meipso apud 
 Westmonasterium primo die Julii, Anno regnt 
 nostri secundo. 
 
 2. See p. 118. 
 
 Budden, p. 82, From the Exchequer. A, D. 146G, 
 An. 6 Edw. IV. 
 
 IN os de gratia nostra special! concessimus & per 
 presentes concedimus, venerabili in Chnsto patri 
 Willie! mo nunc Episcopo Winton. quod ipse & suc- 
 cessores sui Episcopi Kcclesioe praedictae in perpe- 
 tuum ercra nos hseredes & successores nostros, quieti 
 
 O ' 1 
 
 sint &, exonerati, tarn de oir.nibus & singulis esca- 
 piis oinoium & singularum personariim pro felonia 
 convictarurn & convincendarum & ex quacunque 
 causa jam attactarum 3c attir.oendarum et custodice 
 
 u o 
 
 ipsius nunc Episcopi Winton. & successorum suo- 
 rum ut loci ordinario salvo & secure secundum legern 
 & consuetudinem regni nostri x^ngliae custodiendarn, 
 commissarum &, committendarum, quam de quibu<- 
 <Mjnque sectis, demandis, pecuniarum sum mis et 
 pcenis quas prazdicius nunc Episcopus et successores 
 sui arctati predict, nobis seu haeredibus nostris foris- 
 ftcemnt aut foristccerant, vel ad nos, hseredes seu
 
 354 APPENDIX. 
 
 successores nostros pertinere potuerit aut potuerint 
 &c. Et de uberiori gratia nostra volurnus & con- 
 cedimus quod si presentes literae in forma ve! ma- 
 teriel seu ex quacunq^ alia causa quoad debitum 
 effectum & intentionem exonerationis sive prsedictse 
 concessionis nostrae minus validae seu insoifficientes 
 existunt &c. Quod Cancellarius Anglife pro tern- 
 pore existens tarn presentes literas nostras reformet, 
 quam fieri faciat alias literas in ea parte validas & 
 sufficientes, quoad dictus Episcopus & successores 
 sui debitum effectum exonerationis & concessionis 
 nostrae babuerit vel babuerint ; nee non alias literas 
 de perdonatione, remissione, &c. validas & suf- 
 ficientes de tempore in ternpus, quum per pra?faturn 
 Episcopum seu successores suos &c. fuerit rogatus. 
 T. R. apud Westmonast. 16. Novemb. Anno 
 Ed. IV. 6'. 
 
 3. See ]). 1 IS. 
 
 Rywcr, Fa>dera, torn. xi. p. b'.Sfj. A. D. 1 40$. An. 8. 
 Edvv. 4. Pat. 8. Ed. 4. p. 3. in. 16'. 
 
 Pro Episcopo Wyntoniensi de Pardonatione. 
 
 HEX omnibus l>allivis et Fidehbus suis, ad quos C5*c. 
 Salutem. Sciatis quod nos, intuitu laudabilium 
 meritorum Reverendi in Cbristo Patris Williehni 
 Wynflet Ej>iscoj)i Wvntoniensis manifestorum^ 
 quern quideni Episcopum erga n<^s semper inveni- 
 mus gratum et fidedignum, ex assensu et advisa- 
 /nento Concilii nostri eundem Episcopum repu- 
 
 tamus,
 
 APPENDIX. S55 
 
 tarn us, declaramus, et acceptamus verum et fidelem 
 Ligeum nostrum, ac ipsum Episcopum recipimus 
 in gratia? nostrne favorem specialem. 
 
 Nolentes quod idem Episcopus, haeredes vel execu- 
 tores sui^ratione sive prsetextu alicujus criminis, mes- 
 prisionis, offensa?, materiae, rei, vel causa?, ante prae- 
 sentem diem fieri praetensorum,sibi impositorum, aut 
 ratione praemissorum qualitercumque irnponendo- 
 rum ; per nos, vel haeredes nostros, Justiciaries,, Esca- 
 etores, Vicecomites, aut alios Ballivos seu Ministros 
 nostros, vel haeredum nostrorum quorumcumque, 
 futuris temporibus, occasionetur, impetatur, ad re- 
 spondendum evocetur, respondere teneatur, moles- 
 tetur, perturbetur in aliquo, seu gravetur ; occasio- 
 iientur, impetantur, ad respondendum evocentur, 
 respondere teneantur, molestentur, perturbentur in 
 aliquo, seu graventur. 
 
 Et insuper (tranquillitati et quieti ipsius Epi- 
 scopi plenius providere volentes) ex certa scientia 
 et inero rnotu nostris, pardonavimus, remisimus, et 
 relaxavimus eidem Episcopo, quocumque nomine 
 censeatur, oinnes proditiones, murdra, insurrectiones, 
 rebelliones, conspiratioues, confcederationes, con- 
 gregationes, coadunationes, riotas, routas, conven- 
 ticula illicita, insidiationes falsas, alligantias, felo- 
 nias, transgressiones, extortiones, mesj)risiones, con- 
 celamenta, et cognitiones eorumdem seu eorum ali- 
 cujus, coutemptus, impetitiones, cambipartias, ma- 
 nutenentias, imbraciarias, et negligentias, per ipsum 
 Episcopum ante praesentern diem qualitercurique 
 facta seu perpetrata. et sectam pacis iiostrre, ac omne 
 
 2 A 2 id
 
 356 APPENDIX. 
 
 id quod ad nos versus ipsum Episcopum pertinet 
 seu pertinere poterit occasione praemissoru'm, vel 
 alicujus eorumdem, ac etiam utlagarias si qu;c iu 
 jpsum Episcopum hiis occasionibus seu earum ali- 
 qua fuerint promulgate. 
 
 Et insuper pardonavimus, remisimus^ et relaxa- 
 vimus, prnefato Episcopo omnimodas cognitiones 
 per ipsum Episcopum qualitercumque factas, ac 
 omnimodas poenas et punitiones quas occasionibus 
 praedictis seu earum aliq'ua erga nos incurrere de- 
 beretj necnon forisfacturarn quorumcumque terra- 
 rum, et tenementorum, ac bonorum, et cataliorum 
 suorum nobis occasionibus pryedictis, seu earum 
 aliqua ante dictum praesentem diem forisfactorum 
 seu perditorum, et firinam j)acern nostrum ei inde 
 concedimus; ita tamen quod stet recto in curia 
 nostra, si quis versus eum loqui voluerit, de praemissis 
 vel aliquo prccmissorum. 
 
 Et ulterius pardonavimus, reminmus, et relaxa- 
 virnus eidem Episcopo omnimodos fines adjudicates 
 sive adjudicandos occasionibus praedictis aut alicujus 
 earurndem, ac omniinoda debita et compota nobis 
 per ipsum Episcopum ratione eorumdem Hniurn seu 
 alicujus eprum debita et pertinentia ; aliquo statute, 
 actu, ordinatione, provisione, restrictione, re, vel 
 inateria quacumque, non obtante. In cujus &c. 
 
 Teste Rep^e apud Westmonasterium primo die 
 Februarii. 
 
 Per ipsum Regem, et cle duta praedicta^ auctori- 
 tate Parliament!.
 
 APPENDIX. 357 
 
 4. See p. 124. 
 
 Rymcr, Feeder a. torn. xi. p. "H- A. D. 14/1. An. 
 11. Edvv. 4. Pat. 11. Edw. 4. p. 1. m. 24. 
 
 IXEX omnibus Ballivis et ficlelibus suis, ad quos &c, 
 Salute m, 
 
 Sciatis quod nos, ex ccrta scientia et mero motu 
 uo>tris pardonavimus, remisimus et relaxavimus ve- 
 ncrabili patri \Villielmo Wayneflete EpiscopoWyn- 
 toniensi, quocumque nomine censeatur, o nines pro- 
 ditiones, murdra, cjfc. as before, ending occasione 
 pracmissoruin sen alicuju.s eorumdem. 
 
 Xolentes quo.l idem Episcopus haeredes vel exe- 
 cutores sui, &c to perturbfntur in aliquo seu gra- 
 ventr.r ; aliquo statuto, aotu, ordinatione, provisione, 
 restrietione, re, vel niateria quacumque non obstan- 
 tibus. In cujus cj'c. 
 
 Teste Ke^e apud Westmonasterium tricesimo 
 die Maii. 
 
 Per ipsum Hegem, et de dat. vJ'c, 
 
 X XVJ1I. See p. 124. 
 
 Extract from. Heylin s Poem entitled Wain- 
 flete's Memorial. 
 
 Stanza 187. 
 
 1 ii EN (Henry) was thy murther first made knowen 
 And all deplor'd thy lamentable fate 
 
 Then
 
 358 APPENDIX. 
 
 Then (Richard) was thy villany first showen 
 And all abhor'd thy most tyrannicke state 
 But above all Wainfiet the heavens did teare 
 With dolorous complayntes : hee had no mate 
 Equall to him in greefe. Thus did hee reare 
 
 Hisplayntes on high, and with these followingcryes 
 Did teares extract out of Punicean eyes. 
 
 138. 
 
 '' Where shall I first beginne my sad complayntes ? 
 " At thee (deere Country) whose sweete brests are 
 
 u torne 
 
 Cf With civill warr's so that thou ginn'st to faynt 
 " Under this bloudy yoke? The babe unborne 
 (t Shall grieve at thy mischaunce, and sigh aloud 
 " To hear e thy miseries. Thy foes with scorne 
 u Shall by thy fall rise, and grow wondrous proud. 
 " England lament, and with heart-breaking tones 
 " Invoke the heavens to heare thy fainting Drones. 
 
 139. 
 
 <f Or shall I first begin my dreary greefe 
 <c At thee (young Edward) whose yet-tender hearte 
 " Feeles Gloster's biting dagger, no releefe 
 " Can hence accrew to thee, yet 'tis my parte 
 " To mone thy losse whose life had surely made 
 " Thy country triumph, in thine enemyes sinartc 
 " But thou art buryed in death's ghastly shade. 
 " England lament, and let thy mournfull cry 
 " Pearce through the heavens to Gods greate ma- 
 " jesty. 
 
 " Or
 
 APPENDIX. 359 
 
 140. 
 
 " Or shall I first begin ne my utmost mone 
 " At thee (good Henry) whom I alvvayes found 
 " A gracious patron, nor am I alone 
 " Oblig'd to thee, but this whole He is bound 
 " To prayse thy name sith shee so well did flourish 
 " When thou by all consents in peace wast crown'd 
 '' And didst while soule inliv'd thy corps her nourish. 
 " England lament, and with thy briny showers 
 " Jntreate for vengeance of the heavenly powers. 
 
 141. 
 
 " Or shall I first my greefes exordium make 
 " At mine owne selfe ? My luckles fate hath lost 
 " A gracious Prince: by whom I did partake 
 " Of all the blessing's, in which now I boast 
 " My lucklesse fates have lost that princely youth 
 " In whom my future hopes were layd : this coast 
 " My native soyle, warre-torne, m^ves farther ruth. 
 " Wainflet lament, and let thy sighs and teares 
 " Touch thy Creatours ever-patient eares. 
 
 142. 
 
 " Or shall I first my greevous playnt beginne 
 " At thee bloud-sucking Duke, whose cruell hand 
 " Crimson'd in bloud,hath stayn'd thy soule in sinne 
 " At whose bed-side continually doe stande 
 " Millions of fury es arm'd with hissing snakes 
 " To terrify thy timerous soule, and brand 
 " Thy deformed carkasse with theyr burning flakes. 
 
 " Gloucester
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 " Gloucester lament, and with an hum bled -mind 
 * : Intreate the heavens some sparke o[ grace t,> 
 " Uncle, 
 
 143. 
 
 "' Else Nemesis now riseing from the dec'pe 
 
 " Will score eternall lashes on thy side 
 
 ( Else hell-borne haggs, whose iron whipps do 
 
 " steepe 
 
 " Themselves with poyson, will orethrow thy pride 
 " Else will the mnues of these Heroes slayne 
 " Daunce theyr hlacke iquiules, about thee and be- 
 
 " stride 
 " 1'hy wretched corps to thv eternall payne. 
 
 " Gloucester l ; men^ the angry heavens to please 
 '' Waynflet lament, and hate entiehu;; ease/' 
 
 N"X1X. Sec p. 138. 
 
 from MS. C.C.C. Cambridge? Buddm, p. S3, 
 
 Littere deprecatcric Universitatis O>:on. ad Ilegeiu 
 ne Lathornos nostros avocet. 
 
 C-HRisxiAKissiMoPrincipi Edvardo, Dei gratia Regi 
 Anglic et Francie, Oxoniensisque Reipub. protector! 
 singularissimo, Cancellarius Universitatis O\on, 
 iimversusque r( j gentium in eadern cetus sese cum 
 reverentia commissos faeiunt 
 
 Etsi
 
 APPENDIX. 361 
 
 Ktsi possum us, illustrissime Princeps, quamplu- 
 jimos vetustioris evi reges commemorare, quorum 
 beneficio litterarura studia vehementer illustrata 
 sunt, liac tarnen imitande virtutis commemoratione 
 nobis apud Te nequaquata uti oportere visum est. 
 Quippe qui sine ullo superioris etatis Regum ex- 
 cniplo, singularem tuende nostre Universitatis curain 
 tua sponte susceperis. Nos itaque potius in hac tua 
 present; bonitate, quain in ilia umbratili rerum 
 dubiarum inemona conrisi, tuam celsitudinem im- 
 primis hortabimur ut in his potissimuin rebus que 
 ud honestandam nostrum Rempublicam inaximo 
 conducunt, cum nohis rogantibus Te prebeas quern 
 semjjer {'.rebitururn non rogatus uitro statueras. 
 Ouod si abs tua benignitate irnpetrabimus, nulluni 
 cf.-rte beneficium inagis hoc tempore necessarium 
 abs te in nos proficisci potuisse cognoscas. Nacti 
 etennn sui;;u> paut-is jam diebus viros nostre Uni- 
 versiUiti.s observantissimos, qui ornatissimum sacre 
 Theologie domicilium, cum sexaginta ferine annos 
 cjerelictum jam diu squulesctrec, pevricere constitu- 
 tnmt. Oue res quu celerius tandem exj^-diri ])oss(_t 
 profecto nee laboribus nee." irnpensis re peri mu?, 
 nuum perquisitis latliomis supremam operi manum 
 imponereinus ; nuuc vero, quod quos summa dili- 
 gentia perquisivunus, ad tua niagmrica o])era sunt 
 accersiti ultra progredi non possum us : aique hte 
 opens intermissio earn nohis desperationem aftcrt, 
 ut nisi quamprimum cepta maturemus, verenduin 
 ent, ne illis qui sumptus hactenus supped itarunt, 
 ad coiiMirnmandum vita non suppttat. Et d;; ; i) ani- 
 
 madvertimus
 
 362 APPENDIX. 
 
 madvertimus tuam ardentissiinam in edificanda ad 
 Dei gloriam Ecclesia diligentiarn repetere * au- 
 demus : hoc tan turn postulamus, ut si Reverendus 
 pater Dominus Episcopus Winton. nostro rogatu 
 persuasus, aliquos ex his quos nsui suo concesseris, 
 nostro etiam usui impertiri volet, illis saltern 
 utendi nobis potestatem facias, quod cum nee tuis 
 edificiis officere possit, turn nostrisutilissimum erit. 
 Vale strenuissime Princeps et Christian isstme Ilex 
 nostreque Universitatis Protector unice. 
 
 NXX. Seep. 140. 
 
 Registr. Univ. Oxon. F. f. 133 b. Ep. 284. Bud- 
 den, p. 85yjrom a MS. in the Library of C. C C, 
 Cambridge. 
 
 Littere ad Episcopum Wintoni ut instrumenta vol- 
 tarum suarum velit accommodare utilitati Uni- 
 versitatis pro Scolis Theologie. 
 
 JLVEUERENDO in Xpo patri ac Domino Domino WiH- 
 mo diuina prouidentia Wyntori' Episcopo; Cancel- 
 larius Vniuersitatis Oxon', vniuersusq^ regentium in 
 eadem cetus, sese cum omni reuerentia commissos 
 faciunt. Non potuerunt, Amplissime presul, tua 
 nos ingentissima beneficia deterrere, quo minus pro 
 
 * Qucere, Does not the sense require non before audemus, though 
 not in the MS. ? 
 
 com muni
 
 APPENDIX. 363 
 
 communi reipublice nostre vtilitate (si quid ipsius 
 interesset) ad tuam prestantiam conscriberemus. Est 
 enim (vt ait Cicero) nobilis animi atq,, ingenii, cui 
 multum debeas ei plurimum velle debere. Qua- 
 propter cum statuentibus iam nobisad nouarum sco- 
 larum perfectionem prorsus incumbere, tuum quo- 
 que subsidium ad earn rem perquam oportunum vi- 
 deatur ; te rogamus optime pater, vt qui semper ad 
 communes vtilitates amplectendas, tua sponte satis 
 incitatus es ; nostris etiam precibus ad eas ipsas inci- 
 tari velis. Atque vt intelligas quid est quod tanto- 
 pere cupimus; desunt profecto nobis edificiales ma- 
 chine, adeo quidem ad nostrum institutum neces- 
 sarie, ut sine his nicliil aggrediendurn sit. Ouas si 
 deintegro (A/C) parabimus ; necesse erit, cum gran- 
 dcm in illis pecuniam exhauriri, turn expectati ope- 
 ris consummationem diutius retardari. quibus equi- 
 dein malis te vnum in primis magnifice presul facile 
 mederi posse intelligimus ; si/\ illis* edificialibus in- 
 strumentis, que ad tui clarissimi collegii fabricam 
 comparata sunt, vtendi nobis copiam feceris. Hoc 
 certe nichil erit nobis vel ad leuandos sumptus vel ad 
 
 celeritatem conficiendi accommodatius. Ouod si 
 
 ^ 
 
 nostra causa facturum te receperis ; curabimus equi- 
 dem nos vt gratiarum actionestibi feneremus. Nam 
 cum })ro iliis mentis, que non rogatus vitro contu- 
 leris, magnas tibi gratias agere debemus ; turn pro 
 ;is que postulantibus nobis concesseris, multo maxi- 
 mas agemus scilicet et habebimus. Et feliciter 
 
 * Sic " vt" inter lineas^ sed eadem manu) quod videtur essc 
 vel, sed fortasse videlicet. 
 
 valeat
 
 364 APPENDIX. 
 
 valeat tua sancta paternitas, Reverende presul ac 
 domine. 
 
 Probably A.I). 147<j. The date immediately pre- 
 ceding is "' xvi kal. Novembr." The following, '' "2 
 Deeemb. 18 Edvv. IV." They are not always in 
 exact chronological order. 
 
 N () XXI. See p. 141. 
 
 ficgisir. Unir. Oxon. F. f. 130. b. Ep. 277, Bau- 
 
 cieu, p. 8-1. MS. c. c. a 
 
 Ad Episeopum Winton. nt confederet pacem inter 
 Thomani Davers et Doctorem Haydock. 
 
 JLXEUERENDO in Christo patri ac domino domino 
 \\ iftmo dimna prouident'.a Wyntoni Episcopo Can- 
 cellanus \niuersitatis OxoiJ vmuersusq^ regentium 
 in eadem cetus sesecum omni renerentia commissos 
 faciunt. Cupirnus magnifice pre.su! eas paternitati tue 
 gratias agere, que vel tua maxima erg a nos merita 
 equarent vel nostram erga te voluntatem declararent. 
 Non quod arbitreinur gratiarwn expectatione im- 
 pulsum te tantnm de uobis benemereri voluisse ; 
 sed quo nicliil videamur in te ollicii (quantum nos 
 prestare possumus) pretennittere. Veruni tametsi 
 tantus est tuorum in nos mentormn cumulus tan- 
 tusquc nostre in te voluntatis ardor ut nee ill is re- 
 spondere nee hutc satisfacere nobis posse concessun.n 
 
 sit ;
 
 APPENDIX. 365 
 
 sit ; tamen nee nostre quidem humanitatis est quod 
 possumus omittere nee tue quod non possum us re- 
 quirere. Immortaies itaq,, tihi reuerende pater gra 
 tias agitnus quippequi te omnium (quos notra etas 
 tulit) cupidissimum nostre vniuersitatis prebueris. 
 Tuam ad hoc prestantiam maiorem in inodum ro- 
 gantes, ut qui tua sponte incitatus tantain publica- 
 rum utilitatum curam gesseris priuatarum etiam que 
 ad nostros potissimum spectant, rationem habeas. 
 Ex priuatis etenim commodis publica sepenumero 
 crescunt Guam ob rein cum iam dudum accepis- 
 semus M. Gylbertum Ilavdok sacre theologie profes- 
 sorem et Thomam Dauers ex tuis fidelissimis fami- 
 liaribus vnum, diuturnis litibus versatos e?se ; ad te 
 constantissime presul rem omnem referendam ]juta- 
 uimu?. Iste publicis indiciis nostrum lacessit. Illr 
 rteni vsiuersitatis priuilegiii requirit. Ouo fit ut non 
 parum timeanius nt no?ti\' tandem libertat.es pericli- 
 tande sint. 'IV 1 ia'itur magnopere obsecramus huma- 
 niss,iine presul ut Ins vel tuonnn vei nostrorum per- 
 turbationibus c-xitiiin impona?. Hoc enitn nobis 
 perinde nobis (.y/r) ^ratuza erit acsi in no^ omncs 
 contulisses. Et valeat tua semper sancta paternitas 
 Reuerencle pvesul. Dat Oxon, in nostre con^re^a- 
 
 1 O t-j 
 
 tionis douio xiiij k. ffebruarias. 
 
 Probably 1^77, several preceding letters being 
 17 Ed\v. IV. and the year next following being IS 
 Edw. IV,
 
 Al'PFADIX. 
 
 N XXII. See p. 157. 
 
 LelLcr of (lie Founder to his College. 
 
 AUGHT intierly vvelbelovyd \ve grete yow vvelle. it 
 is come to oure knovvlache and to oure displeasure 
 that ther ys growying a dyvysyon and dyscorde 
 vvithinne oure College vvantownely and undiscretely 
 for the elections of the Procters in the Universite. 
 In onus be that ther be any persone of onre College 
 under your ruele that wilbe sedycyous wylfnll and 
 nott conformable to tbadvyse and the gydyngof yow 
 and of the more party of the maisters of oure seide 
 College, It is to be presumed and of of (s/c) grete 
 iyklyhode that suche a persone is not apte nor dis- 
 poside ad convivendum butt that suche vvoloe trou- 
 belous and fulle unprofitable for my seyd College 
 gevyng grete impediment to vertue and connyng. 
 Wherfor whomsomever ye and the more parte of 
 the forseyd Maisters fynde cremynous and obsty- 
 nate takynp; vvyllfully a waye contrarye to the more 
 party. We commaunde yow that thanne ye dis- 
 charge such peri-one and personys from all maner in- 
 terest that they have in oure forseyd College. Criste 
 have yow in his gydyng. Wrette in oure maner oi 
 Suthwaltham the xii day of Aprill. 
 
 W. B. of Winchester.
 
 APPENDIX. 567 
 
 N XXIII. Seep. 171. 
 
 Letf.er of John Gygur to the Bishop of Winchester, 
 concerning the Chapel and School- House at Wayn- 
 fiele. 
 
 Indorsed, A Remembrance for Carpentry and the 
 Brekevverke to be made for the Chapell of Way ne- 
 flete. 
 
 1\J.Y singuler good lord after most louli recommen- 
 dacyon and many thankys for your good lordschip 
 shewyd unto your rere College and me at al tymes 
 and special]! at my last beyng wyth the same ple- 
 syth your good lordschip to vvyte that the house that 
 was ordeyned to have be bougth for your Scale and 
 Chapel at Wayntiete ys don a way and so I was 
 xvyth mayster Tontoft and John Kobenson to let 
 tham wyte howe your lordschip trustyth up on them 
 to help you ve mvgth have an house and thei sev 
 
 1 * J */ o ,' 
 
 thei can have non that the tymbur wold be seure 
 to contynewe in tyme to come but thei thynkyth 
 that ther must be ordeyneyed for a newe rofe yif 
 your lordship so \vol be plesyd and so I have sent 
 Harry Alsbreketo commune wyth your lordship and 
 he wol not make you an house of Ixx of length and 
 xx 11 fote of brede to fynde al maner of stuff longyng 
 to the same lesse then xxx u pounds and he to fynd 
 al cariaire ther to and be cause inv lord ye can best 
 
 O / / 
 
 understond whether his petycion be resonabyl I be- 
 seche you to commune rypli wyth hym and to 
 
 express
 
 368 APPENDIX. 
 
 express the very forme and length \vyth bredeof tir? 
 same and I have ti tilled you suche thyngs as nedyth 
 to be expressyd after rny conceyte in a scrolle send 
 to your lordship and as for bryke to be had for your 
 5co!e botlie Ton toft and John Robynson taryth the 
 comvns of a gentilman that thei trust to have irood 
 
 " O 
 
 penyworthes of and thei beke dayli soinhat co- 
 in yns and thei doute not but ye sehal have brike 
 plenty and therfor novve ye inustneue send the ma- 
 ner of makyng of the house as \vel for the chyrch as 
 for the brikeman and then 1 doute not but ye schai 
 sone be answeryd in al your desyres. My lord 
 thise scole may not 1)6 of no grete hethe nor nedyth 
 not but niy lord ye may take hvm an example of 
 sum rnaner house in your nobyl place of Ascher that 
 may be exemple to hyin for I remember ye have 
 many dyverse houses of mene byldyng in the same 
 that wold be convenient and acordyng to your en- 
 tent and my lord yif happ hargen wyth }-ou your 
 rc'war;! nedytli he but lite! and yif' he don not I have 
 o'ive. \\ ] of myn o\vne purse and your lordship sciial.- 
 content the rcsidewe of his costs a:id I ]>ray your 
 KmiMiip in avoydyng more cost let him lyghtly be 
 answered and I trust at the coinynaf of my mayster 
 
 i^ ^J .' .' 
 
 pre.-ident your lordship schu! be niore playnli en- 
 formed as 1 trust. My good lord I am gretli troubyld 
 uyih on Eiand for xxxii s of rent that my lord 
 Crowel purchesvd of Sir Root', t Eiand his fader and 
 novve his i;one siiewytli howe hyt ys clerly en- 
 t.iyled and s-o I fere sore hyt wol be lost to morovve 
 I mu^t he u\ th the Clieie juge tber for and the
 
 APPENDIX. 369 
 
 next weke bothe the seyd Eland and I god be my 
 helpethe which ever preserve your good lordship in 
 
 good live and healthe. 
 
 Your bedman 
 
 John Gygur. 
 
 Dat Deus omne borium, 
 
 [In another hand-writing.'] 
 
 N XXIV. See p. 171. 
 
 "(Supposed in the Archives of Magd. Coll. Oxford.) 
 
 Indenture for the Carpentry of the Chapell and 
 Scole in Waneflete. 1 R. III. 
 
 JL HIS Indenture made the xxv day of Aprill, the 
 yere of the reigne of Kyng Richarde the thirde the 
 furst, betwene the reverend fader in god William 
 Busshop of Winchestre on the oon party, and 
 Henry Alsbroke of Tateshall in the Counte of Lin- 
 coln Carpenter on the other party Witnesseth that 
 the seid Henry hath covenaurited aggreid and bar- 
 gayned and by these presents graunteth to make for 
 the seid R. fader at Waynflete in the seid Counte of 
 Lincoln,a flore with a RofeofTymber of good herte 
 of ooke conteyning in lengthe Ixx foote, and in brede 
 within the walles xx tl foote with dores windovves 
 steyres hynches reredoses desks and all other thyngs 
 necessarye that longeth to carpentry werk for a 
 Chapell and Scolehouse to be made within the seid 
 
 2 R towne
 
 370 APPENDIX. 
 
 towne of Waynflete and the seid flore slialbe well 
 and sufficiently made aftur the patron and facyon of 
 the flore of the chambyr in theTowre on the gate of 
 the maner of Essher in the Counte of Sotherey and 
 the forseid Rofe to be of vii bayes evYy bay fronie 
 the inidds of the beme shall conteyn x. foote in 
 len<rthe, and ev~v rafFter shalbe xx 11 foote in lengthe 
 
 o O 
 
 vi. inches in brcde and iiii. inches in thicknes. Also 
 the lower doobyll purlyon pece shalbe viii. inches of 
 brede and vi. inches in thicknes. And the over- 
 purlyon for the seid flore shalbe of herte of ooke 
 and of inch and quarter thicknes dry and wrought: 
 for all which tymber stuff and borde necessarye to 
 the same werke beyng of herte of ooke with the 
 cariage of the same and for all man r of warkman- 
 ship nedefull to be doon by Carpenters in the fore- 
 seid werk wele and warkmanly doon set up and fi- 
 nesshed the seid R. fader shall pay unto the seid 
 Henry by the hands of rnaist r John Gygur Warden 
 of Tateshalt or his assignes xxv//. xiii ,9. iiii d. and a 
 gown cloth or ells vi .v. viii d. for a gown cloth. In 
 witnes wherof the parties aboveseid to these Inden- 
 tures enterchaungeably have put to ther scales the 
 day and yere abovseid. 
 
 VXV.
 
 \PPENDIX. 371 
 
 NXXV. See p. 171. 
 
 Extracts from Letters of Mr. Piclkbuni concerning the 
 School at Waynfititc. 
 
 Rev ;i Sir, 
 
 I AM happy to find that the memory of our excel- 
 lent Founder will be rescued from oblivion by a pen 
 so able to do justice to his worthy character. If any 
 thing in my power can in the least degree contribute 
 to so laudable a design, it will give me unspeakable 
 
 pleasure. 
 
 # * # # * * 
 
 The number of steps in the staircase is forty-two; 
 viz. eighteen from the ground to the school-floor. 
 
 O * 
 
 and twenty-four from thence to the top, where the 
 door opens to the leaded roof. The building is brick; 
 the bricks of a somewhat larger size, better clay, 
 and closer contexture, than those usually made in 
 our neighbourhood. These are supposed (how 
 truly I know not) to have been made in the isle of 
 Ely, and conveyed hither by water; many of them 
 are formed in curious figures for ornamental parts, 
 as cornices, or mouldings, in the door-cases, win- 
 dows. &c. The number of windows I take to have 
 been orginally thirty ; viz. in the school and chapel 
 .six on each side, two large ones in the ends, and 
 two in the bell-tower, which last two were bricked 
 up long before my time. In the lower apartments 
 there have been seven on each side, but only five 
 appear, the door and chimney filling the places of 
 
 2 u 2 two.
 
 572 APPENDIX. 
 
 two. I cannot learn that there ever were any arms, 
 inscription, or portrait, in memory of the Founder 
 in any part of the school. 
 
 On the south-west side of the house, in a lower 
 room, is a small closet, five feet long, three feet 
 broad, and eight feet high. Below this, and of the 
 same compass, is a vault six or seven feet deep, 
 arched over with brick, except a small opening for 
 entrance. 1 have been down in it, and find nothing 
 but dirt and water. 1 cannot imagine what purpose 
 it was intended for. This little cell occasions an 
 excrescence on the outside of the building. 
 
 There is no other chapel but that marked and 
 mentioned in the plan, which appears to ine only as 
 ;i part of the school ; there is, indeed, a sort of pulpit 
 and reading desk. 
 
 The endowment of the school consists of a salary 
 seventeen marks a-year from Magdalen college ; the 
 school-house, with gardens, orchard, and green- 
 yard, the whole being near an acre; and about 
 eighteen acres of land in nine pieces widely di- 
 spersed in distant parts of two parishes, much of it 
 inundated in winter; yielding annually % : 5s. 
 rent; known by no name but School Lands. The 
 school is free for Latin and Creek, other branches 
 of literature are paid for. The privilege extends to 
 all the three parishes of Wainfleet ; vi/. Wainfleet 
 All Saints, Wainfleet St. Mary's, and Wainfleet St. 
 Thomas, </liaj Northolin. Whether it goes any 
 further I car not certainly say, nor is it of much im- 
 portance
 
 APPENDIX. 373 
 
 portance to me, or the inhabitants, the general de- 
 mand being for reading, writing, and arithmetic. I 
 was nominated to this school, August 6th, 1755, and 
 have been here almost thirty years. The number of 
 scholars, upon an average, is about thirty or forty in 
 summer; sometimes upwards of fifty in winter; near 
 sixty last winter. They come from six or seven diffe- 
 rent parishes, for this town is a small place. I have 
 kept an assistant several years, and cannot do without. 
 I forgot to mention, in its due place, an old thatched 
 building with clay walls, in the nature of a kitchen, 
 adjoining to the south-west tower ; and another 
 against the south-east end, for stable, cow-house, 
 and hog-stye : as these are extraneous to the edifice, 
 and add nothing to its beauty, but rather derogate 
 from its symmetry, I thought it would be beside 
 the purpose to give any view or account of them. 
 ****** 
 
 JVainfteet, j\Iay~, 1J" 85. 
 
 I BEG leave to make a few additional observations 
 on the school-house. The length within is seventv 
 
 O * 
 
 feet, the breadth twenty ; to which if we add the 
 thickness of the wall, it makes severity-six by twen- 
 ty-six ; and the towers projecting four feet and an 
 half each way, add so much to the length, and twice 
 as much to the breadth, making in the whole eighty 
 feet and an half by thirty-live. The whole building 
 (exclusive of the towers) appears to me as designed 
 at first for no more than two rooms, one above an J 
 one below; intended, as it should seem, promiscu- 
 ously
 
 374 APPENDIX, 
 
 ously for the reception of scholars, and convenience- 
 of dwelling, agreeable to the taste of those unpo- 
 lished times. The lower story is now divided into 
 many small apartments, for the better accommoda- 
 tion of a family ; but this is done so irregularly, and 
 with such slight materials, as plainly proves the di- 
 visions not coeval with the edifice. There is, in- 
 deed, one partition-wall of solid brick-work towards 
 the east end, forming a good room twenty feet by 
 eighteen ; but this wall, being very near, and parallel 
 to, one of the transverse beams that support the up- 
 per floor, seems to be no part of the original design, 
 for it might very well have supplied the place of that 
 timber had it been erected before the floor was laid. 
 All the windows that remain in their first state are 
 strongly ironed ; and those below have had very 
 massive shutters on the inside, as may be seen by 
 iron crooks left in the wall, strong enough to carry 
 a five-bar gate. Probably the contests at that time 
 subsisting between the houses of York and Lancaster 
 might cause a temporary suspension, or partial ad- 
 ministration of the penal laws, and make it unsafe 
 for people to sleep in a habitation less strongly for- 
 tified. In my view of the house 1 thought it best 
 to draw the windows in their ancient form and size ; 
 some of them are now made up, others enlarged and 
 altered. The staircase is a piece of workmanship 
 that we'll de>erves notice ; it is built and arched 
 with brick cemented with excellent mortar; wind- 
 ing about, and supported by a round column of the 
 same materials, made or cut semicircular for that 
 
 purpose.
 
 APPENDIX. 375 
 
 purpose. In the wall opposite there runs a spiral 
 moulding that serves for a hand-rail. 
 * % * * % * 
 May 28, 1/85. 
 To the Rev. Dr. Chandler. 
 
 Mr. Pickburn is still living at Waynftete, at the advanced age of 
 eighty-five, and till lately has been attending the duties of the school 
 as master. Having now sent in his resignation to Magdalen college, 
 the society has agreed to settle on him an annuity in reward of his 
 meritorious services. EDITOR. 
 
 N XXVI. See p. 206. 
 
 MS. Harl. 4240. p. 54. 
 
 Statutum de coi annua vestium liberata exeeucioni 
 non prius mandandum quousque Corl percipiat 
 et possideat reverciones diversarum terrarum per- 
 quisitarum per Diim Fundat in diversis Coinita- 
 tihus. 
 
 ITEM ut Socii et Scholares dicti nostri Coil unani- 
 ines interius perseverent et in charitate mutua 
 copulentur quo ips pariter uno signo exterius con- 
 spexennt se signatos et ad idem nostrum CoH: afFec- 
 tionein inajorem obtineant quo ab eodeni plura sub- 
 sulia et coiiimoda in suis indigentiis se noverint j)er- 
 cepturos ; Statuimus, ordinamus 3 et vol urn us quod 
 Presidens Soeii et Scholares universi nostri CoH in- 
 fra probationis annum existentes Lector in S. Theo- 
 logia et duo Lectures in Philosophia etsi Socii Coti 
 
 rninime
 
 37(5 APPENDIX. 
 
 minime existant Magister informator Grammatico- 
 rum et Hostiarius sub eodem, quatuor capellani eon- 
 ductitiij singulis annis erga festum Natalis Dili pan- 
 num pro togis et capitiis de una et eadem secta per- 
 cipient de bonis communibus nostri Coft ^upradictL 
 Ita quod Presidens quinque virgatas et quilibet 
 aliorum predictorum quatuor virgatas et dimidium 
 percipiant. Proviso quod pretium virg : ij .9. vj d, 
 non excedat. Statuentes preterea quod triginta pau- 
 peres vocati Demyes octo Clerici capelle, l6 Cho- 
 riste et alii ministri nostri Cott intrinseci quicumque 
 erga dictum festurn Nativitatis Dni etiarn singulis 
 annis in perpetuum de bonis communibus dicti 
 Cott liberatas suas de conformi colore habeant de 
 competente panno ita quod pretium virg. xxijt/. non 
 excedat. Itaque tantum de hujusmodi panno ipso- 
 rum cuilibet tribuatur de quo unam togam conde- 
 centem facere poterit habito respectu ad j)ercipien- 
 tium staturam ita quod nulli eorundem plusquam 
 tres virgas panni distribuatur quovismodo. 
 
 Jo. Wimark in Artibus M r Notarius. 
 
 N XXVII. Sec p. 
 
 U. Whartons Anglia Sacra, I. p. 326. 
 Elogium Willelmi Waynflete. 
 
 JN E vacaret haec pagina, apposui elogium maximi 
 Prsesulis Willelmi Waynflete Episcopi Winton. ex 
 
 Epistola
 
 APPENDIX. 377 
 
 Epistola nuncupatoria E^r. Laurentii Gulielmi de Sa- 
 vona S. T. D. Ord. Minor, in Conventu Londinensi, 
 
 libro suo, cui titulus est Triumphus amoris D. N. J. 
 Christi, anno 1485 conscripto, praemissa. 
 
 Operae praetiurn fore existimavi, reverendissime 
 Pater ac colendissime Domine, librum hunc caritati 
 vestrae dirigere, tradere ac consignare ; nt res amore 
 et caritate referta ad patrem misericordia^ Domi- 
 numque clementissimum referatur ; in cujus gremio 
 blande ac benigne suscepta foveatur, et pastoral! 
 auctoritate illustrata ac defensata, plenius rutilet, 
 securius degustetur, diutiusque in suo robore con- 
 servetur. Ut quod mea tenuitas majestati atque 
 praestantiae tantarum reruin conferre non potuit ; 
 pastoralis authoritas, veneranda canities, consum- 
 mata prudentia, laudata pracdicataque a multis sa- 
 pientia,, multis vero in rebus probata per pietatis 
 opera caritas, quee vestro in pectore conquiescunt. 
 conferant et conservent. (^)])timo ergo jure, Reve- 
 rendissime Pater., hunc librum, quasi amoris divini 
 fasciculum, in sinu greinioque vestro fovendum 
 conservandumque tradiderim ; et tantoa?quius atque 
 congruentius, quanto major est benignita?, caritas, 
 atque rnisericordia, quas passim atque publicc ubique 
 in populo de tanto Pontifice praedicatur. Quippe 
 cum nullus omnino existat, qui ad tanti Patris mise- 
 ricordiae sinum confugerit, qui multa cum dementia 
 se susceptum f'uisse non asserat. Addamus autem 
 id quod nulla invidia obscurari, nulla tergiversatione 
 negari, nulla denique detrectorum perfidia deleri 
 potest. Quanta videlicet fuerit liberalita?, quanta 
 
 charitas
 
 378 APPENDIX. 
 
 charitas in pectore tanti Pontificis ; quandoquidem 
 Collegium tarn inagniHcmn, tain am plum et specie- 
 sum, tot sumptibus, tan to, cum sollicitudine, cori- 
 stnii omnino et ab ipsis ftmdamcntis usque ad sum- 
 mum elevari complerique fecit. In quo tot venera- 
 biles Sacerdotes ad cultum Dei sanctissimum officio- 
 siss-ime constituti, tot Baccalarii sacratissimse The- 
 ologifp, tot Magistri Artium, tot sacrarum literarum 
 studentes, continue foventur et sustentantur ; ut 
 sacris literis bonestissimisque bonarum artium disci- 
 })linis libero animo incumbant, hauriantque bujus- 
 modi disciplinas, maxima ornamenta humanae vitae ; 
 et bas postquarn adepti fuerintj abis utiliter ac sine 
 invidia. impertiantur. Addamus autem, quam spe- 
 ciosum Templum, quam magmficum, quam so- 
 lennc, cum suis ornamentis, libris, casulis 3 jocali- 
 busque, divino cultui digne jierag( 7 ;ndo deputatis, 
 eodeni in collegio constructum sit ; spatiosumque 
 Claustrum suis columnis sustentatum atque orna- 
 tum, pulcherrimisque deambulatoriis circumvalla- 
 turn. Guam splendicla irisuper Bibliotbeca, cunc- 
 tarum pcene facultatum diversorumque doctorum 
 voluminibus constructa atque munita. Ouam in- 
 super aprico situ aquarurnque circurnfluentium com- 
 nioditate maxima, circumdata existat tantorum sedi- 
 hc'iorutn spatiosa moles. Ut non modo Sacerdotum 
 atque Studentium apta, cornmodissima, atque delec- 
 tabilis man?io sive Collegium nomen sortita sit; 
 quin et longe verius Paradisus qusrdam deliciarum 
 animi et corporis dici mereatur. Omittimus alia 
 complura qua; multis in Ecclesiis variisque locis et 
 
 splen-
 
 APPENDIX. 379 
 
 splendidissimis aedibus, quotidianisque et piis operi- 
 bus, erga pauperes jussu piissimi Pastoris, distributa 
 conspieiuntur quotidieque elargiri videntur. Hoc 
 sol urn de collcgio, quod gloriosae apostolissae D.N. J. 
 Christ! Magdalenae dedicaturn est, sufficiens utique 
 speculum et exemplar esse dinoscitur contestans ac 
 praedicanSj quanta sit caritas in pectore tanti Ponti- 
 ficis constituta. 
 
 N XX VIII. Seep. 218. 
 
 Regis t. A. fol. 53. 
 
 Testamentum Willelmi Wayneflete Episcopi 
 Wynton cum Codicillo. 
 
 UNDECIMO die August! in crastino sti Laurencii 
 Anno Domini I486 et anno regis lien. 7 mi primo 
 (hora quarta post meridiem, Statute-Book*) obiit 
 Reverendus in Cliristo Pater ac diis dils Witls 
 Waynflete hajus Collegii fundator. Piecjuiescat in 
 pace, Amen. Cujus testainentum seqmtur sub bac 
 iforma. 
 
 Exemplar testament! Fundatoris eollegii i-anete 
 Marie Magdalene Oxonj 
 
 IN Dei nomine Amen. K<; - o Wirlms \Vaynfletc 
 permissione divina Kpus Wynton' xxviidie meriai.-i 
 April is anno Dni M" cccc LXXXVI" ad vitain lutu- 
 ram ad quam eonditus sum anhelans cernensque 
 
 dieni
 
 380 APPENDIX. 
 
 diern expectacionis mee in liac valle lacriinarum 
 quasi mine advesperasse et quod tcmptis resolucionis 
 penejam instat condo testamentum meum in hunc 
 modum. In primis lego animam meam Deo omni- 
 potent! beate Marie Virgini beate Marie Magdalene 
 et Ecclesie mee patronis corpusque meum sepelien- 
 dum in Ecclesia mea Cathedrali Wyntoni in qua- 
 darn capella beate Marie Magdalene in parte oriental i 
 ejusdem ecclesie mee in qua tumulus preparatus est. 
 Item lego Thome Priori dicte Ecclesie unum ciphurn 
 honestum deauratum et coopertum et xl s. et cuilibet 
 Monacho ejusdem Ecclesie sacerdoti xiiis. iiii d. et 
 cuilibet Monacho non sacerdoti vi.y. viiu/. per equales 
 porciones distribuendos in die sepulture et trigintali 
 obitus mei pro exequiis meis tune ibidem celebran- 
 dis. Item lego Abbati deHida xiiis. \i\\d. et cuilibet 
 Monacho ejusdem monasterii sacerdoti vis. viiic/. et 
 cuilibet inonacho non sacerdot iiis. iiiir/. per equales 
 portiones distribuendos in die sepulture et trigintali 
 obitus mei pro exequiis meis tune ibidem celebran- 
 dis. Item lego Abbatisse monasterii beate Marie 
 Wyntoni xu\s. mid. et cuilibet moniali ibidem pro- 
 fesse ii s. et cuilibet non professe xvi d. per equales 
 porciones distribuendos in die sepulture et trigintali 
 obitus mei pro exequiis meis tune ibidem celebran- 
 dis. Item legoCustodiCollegii nostripropeWynton' 
 vu. viiic/. et cuilibet Sacerdoti ejusdem collegii ii,v. et 
 cuilibet Clerico xvi</. et cuilibet puero ejusdem colle- 
 gii iiiit/. per equales porciones distribuendos et pro 
 duabus pietantiis habendis pro sociis et }>ueris in die 
 fj)ulture et trigintali obitus mei xx^. Item Magistro 
 
 domus
 
 APPENDIX. 381 
 
 <ionius sancte Crucis vis. viii^. et cuilibet sacerdoti 
 ejusdem domus ii s. cuilibet clerico capelle xvi d. per 
 equales porcioncs distribuendos in die sepulture et 
 trigintali obitus rnei pro exequiis meis ibidem ce- 
 lebrandis. Item lego Religiosis de ordine Sancti 
 Augustini WyntonJ xxv is. v'riicl. Religiosis de 
 ordine Minorum xxvi.?. viiid. Religiosis de ordine 
 
 O 
 
 Predicatorum xxvL?. v'uid. Religiosis de ordine 
 Carmelitarum xxvis. viucL per equales porciones dis- 
 tribuendos in die sepulture et trigintali obitus mei 
 pro exequiis ineis tune in locis predictis celebrandis. 
 Item lego cuilibet Sacerdoti curato et non curato de 
 civitate noslra Wyntoni et soka ejusdem ii s. et cui- 
 libet clerico paroebiali xii d. per equales porciones dis- 
 tribuendos in die sepulture et trigintali obitus mei 
 pro exequiis meis celebrandis per eosdcrn in loco 
 ad hoc deputando secundurn discretionem execu- 
 torum meorum. Item lego Collegii nostri beate 
 Marie Magdalene in universitate Oxonj President! 
 
 o 
 
 vi i 1 . viii d. et cuilibet Socio Scholar! et Capellano 
 ejusdem collegii ii^. cuilibet clerico capelle xvi d. 
 cuilibet choriste xiic/. per equales porciones distribu- 
 endos in die sepulture et trigintali obitus mei pro 
 exequiis meis tune ibidem celebrandis per eosdern. 
 Item volo quod similes exequie et distributiones 
 riant in collegio nostro beate Marie Virginis in uni- 
 versitate Oxom sicut in collegio noytro beate Marie 
 Magdalene. Item lego Domine Jolianne Wei by nu- 
 per uxori Ricardi Welby unum ciphum honestum 
 argenteum deauratum et coopertum. Item volo quod 
 ad minus summa clx //. xiii s iiii </. in dimidiis
 
 382 APPENDIX. 
 
 grossis distribuatur inter pauperes in die sepulture et 
 trigintali obitus mei ad orandum pro anima mea, 
 Item volo quod executores mei in honore quinque 
 vulnerurn Jhesu Christ! Domini nostri et quinque 
 gaudiorum gloriose Virginis Marie genitricis sue fa- 
 ciant celebrari quinque milia missarum in die sepul- 
 ture nice trigintali obitus mei et ceteris diebus 
 quam cicius poterunt pro anima mea et pro ani- 
 mabus parentum et amicoruin meorum. Item volo 
 quod fiat distribucio inter servientes dornesticos hos- 
 picii mei secundum niodum et formam eontentum 
 in quodavn codicello scnpto huic annexo. lusuper 
 hec est voluntas mea scienda et exequenda per exe- 
 cutores et ffeoffatos meos viz quod omnia maneria 
 terre et tencmenta mea Ecclesie nice Wyntonie non 
 pertinentia sed aliunde obtenta integre donentur et 
 applicentur per ffeoffhtos meos ad usum perpetuuin 
 collegii mei beate Marie Magdalene in Universitate 
 Oxonj manerio de Sparshold duntaxat excepto. Item 
 omnes et singulos executores meos exoro obsecro et 
 in visceribus Jhesu Christi strictissime require quod 
 necessitatem Collegii mei beate Marie Magdalene 
 fa vorabi liter considcrent et de bonis meis relevent 
 eandem juxta ])osse. Et ad executionem dicte vo- 
 luntatis mee ultime et contentorum in eadem om- 
 nium et singulorum ordino et constituo istos execu- 
 tores meos viz Johannem Catesby justiciarium in 
 banco doniiiii reds Magistrum Witium Gyfford* 
 
 ' 
 
 O 
 
 :> Sept. (5, l4Gu, W. W. presented him to the church of Bledon 
 
 k: the ilioccse of JB'.uh and Wells, Reg. 
 
 rectorem
 
 APPENDIX. 383 
 
 rectorem de Cheryton Mychaelem Cleve decretorum 
 doctorem Magistrurn Johannem Nele Magistruin 
 Stephanum Tyler rectorem ecclesie parochiahs de 
 Alverstoke Mairistrum Wilhelmum Holden recto- 
 
 o 
 
 rem ecclesie parochiahs de DrokynfFord et Ricar- 
 dum Burton de Tanton. Et volo quod Johannes 
 Catesby justiciarius habeat pro laboribus suis in exe- 
 cutione istius voluntatisineeultimexxvi/. xiiis. ii'i'icL 
 Et quilibet alius executorum meorum xiii/. vis. viiir/. 
 Residua vero omnium bonorum meorum volo 
 quod executores mei disponant non ad usum aut 
 proprium commodum sed curn consensu majoris 
 partis eorundem inter pauperes ad pios usus et de- 
 votos et presertim in necessitatibus mei Collegii 
 beate Marie Magdalene in Universitate Oxonie in. 
 missis et elimosinis pro salute anime mee parentum 
 et amicorum meorum. Hiis testibus magistro Jo- 
 hanne Langporte sacre theologie professore I)o- 
 rnino WiHmo Woode rectore de Eston et Radul- 
 pho Langley. J)at apud Suth Waltham anno el 
 mense et die supradictis. 
 
 Codicil. 
 David Husband 
 
 \V. Gyiiord 
 John Lamport 
 John Argentan. 
 James Preston 
 Mighcl Clofl' 
 Stephen Tyler 
 Decanus Capelle 
 
 W. Holden 
 
 W. Wotlc
 
 384 APPENDIX. 
 
 W. Wode 
 Chapman 
 John Nee I 
 
 John Waller vi /. xiii A. iiii d. 
 Et cum Rieardo Rele in wardo et maritagio. 
 
 Thomas Danvers xxvi /. xiii s. iiii d. 
 
 John Lcgh vi /. xiii ,9. iiii d. 
 
 W. Welby x /. 
 
 Raff' Langley xx /. 
 
 George Nevile c 6. 
 
 W. RatclyfF iii /. vi s. viii d. 
 
 Thomas Uvedale iii /. vi s. viii d, 
 
 W. Uvedale c s. 
 
 Ric. Tarn worth iii /. vi s. viii d. 
 
 Raff Norbury iii /. vi s. viii d. 
 
 Stephan Walop iii /. vi s. viii d. 
 
 Robert 1'otoft iii /. vi s. viii d. 
 
 W. Cowper compoti iii /. vi s. viii d. 
 
 Robert Anketyll iii /. vi s. viii d. 
 
 John Ticheburne 
 
 W. Cowper camere xl s. 
 
 Jotin Hunt xl s. 
 
 W. Bow re c s. 
 
 Jotin Ramesgate xl s. 
 
 Thomas Peris xl s. 
 
 Tliomas Moreton xl s. 
 
 Gregory Striclond xl s. 
 
 O ^ 
 
 Ilcugh O Price xl -s. 
 
 John Clere xl s. 
 
 John Bowler xl s.
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 385 
 
 John Aleyn 
 Henr. Hay ward 
 Hugh Waghan 
 Edmund Pen ford 
 
 Xl -Jo 
 
 xlj. 
 
 xl s. 
 xl s. 
 
 John Bartlot 
 
 xl s. 
 
 Rawly n 
 John French 
 
 xl s. 
 xl s. 
 
 John Denys 
 John Felder 
 
 xl s. 
 xlvi s. viii cL 
 
 Thomas Danburn 
 
 xl s. 
 
 Raynold Burton 
 John Pytte 
 Thomas Sampford 
 Philip Wynter 
 John William 
 
 Xl Jo 
 
 xl s, 
 xU. 
 xU. 
 xls. 
 
 William Rabbys 
 John Hethe 
 
 xl s. 
 xl s. 
 
 John Aveneli 
 
 xl s 
 
 Marynge 
 John Raynold 
 
 xi s. 
 xl s. 
 
 William Wolff 
 
 xl s. 
 
 Antony Freman 
 John Benyngton 
 
 +> o 
 
 xxvi j. viii d. 
 xxvi ,y. viii d, 
 
 John Haliday 
 Mighell White 
 W. Birch 
 
 xxvi j. viii cf. 
 xxvi s. viii <f. 
 xKc. 
 
 W. Suwat 
 
 xxxiii s. iiii (/. 
 
 Ric. Kennyng 
 John Cowper 
 John Katerbarbe 
 
 xxvi s. iiii d. 
 xl*. 
 xxvi s. iiii c?. 
 
 2 c 
 
 Ric.
 
 386 
 
 Ric. Hilton 
 Jotin Rede 
 Th. Carter 
 John Mapulton 
 W. Buryman 
 Roger Turner 
 Raff Aleyn 
 Robert Denys 
 John Stocw t 
 John Warner 
 Henr' Lovelas 
 Thomas Philip 
 RafF Myllyngton 
 Water Peris 
 W. Elyot 
 W. Grome 
 Thomas Gougli 
 Levvez ap John 
 Rie. Baker 
 W. Jay 
 George Cock 
 W. Pruez 
 W. Gymlot 
 Thomas Bowre 
 Garco Ouadrige 
 
 * r W 
 
 John Hortop 
 Ric. Wethir 
 
 Wethy Ju- 
 Hochyn 
 
 Shawc 
 
 xl s. 
 
 
 xxvi s. 
 
 viii cf. 
 
 xxvi s. 
 
 viii d. 
 
 xxvi ,y. 
 
 viii c/. 
 
 xxvi s. 
 
 viii d. 
 
 xxvi s. 
 
 viii d 
 
 xxvi 5. 
 
 viii c/. 
 
 xxvi s. 
 
 viii d. 
 
 xxvi ^. 
 
 viii rf 
 
 xxvi . 
 
 viii d. 
 
 xxxiii s. 
 
 iiii d 
 
 xxvi 5. 
 
 viii d 
 
 xxvi s. 
 
 viii d. 
 
 xxvi 5. 
 
 viii d 
 
 xxvi 5. 
 
 viii d. 
 
 xxvi s. 
 
 viii d 
 
 xxvi s. 
 
 viii d 
 
 xxvi s. 
 
 viii d. 
 
 xxvi 5. 
 
 viii d 
 
 xxvi 5. 
 
 viii d. 
 
 XX S. 
 
 
 xxvi ,?. 
 
 viii f/. 
 
 xxxiii s. 
 
 iiii c/. 
 
 xxvi 5. 
 
 viii d. 
 
 xx s. 
 
 
 xxvi s. 
 
 viii c/. 
 
 xxvi -s. 
 
 viii d. 
 
 Iiii s. 
 
 iiii d 
 
 Iiii .s. 
 
 iiii c/- 
 
 Bussh
 
 APPENDIX. 387 
 
 Busst! liii .9. iiii d. 
 
 Spark xlvi s. viii d. 
 
 White liii ,?. iiii d. 
 
 Wulball iiii .9. iiii d. 
 
 Watson Ini .y. iiii d. 
 
 Fero r (Feror) liii .v. iiii d. 
 
 Ferford liii .v. iiii d 
 
 Dunham liii s. iiii a. 
 
 Newton hn .>. iiii a. 
 
 La vend re xlvi &. viii d 
 
 Sergeant Ini s. iiii a. 
 
 o 
 
 Alanson liii s. iiii ft 
 
 Borden Iiii s. un d 
 
 Somercot liii -v. iiii cL 
 
 Cole xxvi 6-. viii /. 
 
 Hiltofte, Haydock, llochyn, Bele, Blessot, Ed- 
 ward, Charles, Sclatter, Grove, Waterman, 
 Tvplyn, quilibet istoruin xx s. 
 
 Tenore presencium nos David Witiim decreto- 
 rum doctor prerogative ecclesie Christi Cant custos 
 ac Venerabilium Religiosorumque virorum Prior:s 
 et capituli ecclesie Christi Cantuar ad quos omnis et 
 omnimoda jurisdiccio spiritualis et ecclesiastica que 
 ad archiepm Cant pertinent sede plena ipsa sede 
 jam vacante notorie dinoscitur pertinere cornmissa- 
 rius generalis notum facimus universis quod vicesimo 
 quarto die mensis augusti anno Dili M cccc Ixxxvi 
 apud Winton probatum t'uit corarn nobis ac per nos 
 approbatum et insumatum testarnentum bone me- 
 morie Dni Witimi nuper Winton Epi una cum co- 
 
 2 c 2 di cello
 
 3S8 APPENDIX. 
 
 dicello ejusdern presentibus annexo ac pro vero va~ 
 lore ejusdem pronunciatum et declaratum commis- 
 saque fuit administracio omnium et singulorum bo- 
 norum et debitorum dom' defunctum et ipsius 
 hujusmodi testamentum concernentium venerabili- 
 bus viris magistris Will mo Gifford rectori de Che- 
 riton et Steptino Tyler rectori de Alverstoke execu- 
 toribus in dicto testamento nominatis de bene et 
 fideliter administrand' eadem ac de pleno et ficleli 
 inventario omnium et singulorum bonorum et debi- 
 torum dicti defuncti conficiend' et nobis ante festum 
 sancti Michaelis Archangeli proximo futurum exhi- 
 bend' necnon de piano et vero compoto calculo sive 
 raciocinio nobis aut dictis priori et capitulo in ea 
 parte reddend' ad sancta Dei evangelia juratis Re- 
 servata potestate committend' administracionis bo- 
 norum et debitorum hujusmodi aliis executoribus in 
 eodem testamento nominatis cum ea~m venerint in 
 debita juris forma admissur Dat die mense anno 
 Domini et loco predictis. 
 
 Mem. The Will is copied from the Register, and has been com- 
 pared with the Probate, and also with the copy preserved at the 
 Prerogative Office, Doctors' Commons. Some small variations 
 occur, not worth noting, except that the name of an executor 
 omitted in the Register is interlined in the copy annexed to the 
 Probate, and is in the text of that in the Prerogative Office. The 
 Codicil is not in the College Register. Inquiry was made for the 
 Original at the Prerogative Office, but in vain. 
 
 N'XXIX.
 
 APPENDIX. 389 
 
 N XXIX. See p. 223. 
 
 Letter of the Founder. 
 
 J. RUSTY and Welbelovcd We grete you wele. Let- 
 tyng you to vvitte that for the gode and virtues dis- 
 posicion that is reported unto us of Maister William 
 Hewster chapeleyn in our Colle-ge by diverse of his 
 frendis and of his long contynuaunce there of the 
 which we have had experience and prove att such 
 seasons as we have been at Oxenford in our seid 
 College Wee considering thees premisses will that 
 at our next election among other and before all other 
 the seid Maister William be elected unto the more 
 and greter number contrary statutes by us made not- 
 withstanding. Geven under our signet at our manour 
 of Waltham the xv th day of March. 
 
 W.B. of Winchester. 
 To our Trusty and Wei beloved Master 
 llic. Mayewe president of our College 
 and to the Scolers of the same. 
 
 N" XXX. 
 
 Ex Originali in Archivis Coll. Magd. Oxon. 
 
 1 nstrumentum Fundationis Coll. Magd. per Wilhel- 
 mum Waynflete Episcopum Wintoniensem 12 
 Junii 1458. Anno 36 Hen. 6. 
 
 UMVERSIS et singulis sancte Matris Ecclesie Filiis 
 ad quos et quorum notitiam presentes litere perve- 
 
 nerint.
 
 390 APPENDIX. 
 
 nerint, et quos infra scripta tangunt sea tangere 
 poterunt in futurum, Wilhelmus Waynflete per- 
 rnissione divina Wintoniensis Episcopus Salutem in 
 Domino sempiternam. Cum christianissimus et il- 
 lustrissimus Princeps et Dominus noster Dominus 
 Henricus nunc RexAnglie etFrancie et DominusHi- 
 bernie sextus post conquestum ad laudern gloriam et 
 honorem omnipotentis Dei Patriset Filii et Spiritus 
 Sancti ac intemerate beatissime Virg'inis Marie Ma- 
 
 o 
 
 tris Christi necnon beate Marie Magdalene Sancti 
 
 O 
 
 Johannis Baptiste et Apostolorum Petri et Pauli ac 
 alioruni Patronorum Ecclesie Wintoniensis, extir- 
 pationemque heresium et errorum, augmentatio- 
 rsem Cieri, decoremque sacrosancte Matris Eccle- 
 sie cujus ministeria personis stint idoneis commit-, 
 tenda que velut stelle in custodiis suis lumen pre- 
 beant et populos illuminent doctrina pariter et ex- 
 f;mplo, de gratia sua speciali et ex mero motu et 
 eerta scientia suis nuper per literas suas patentes con- 
 cesseritetlicentiam dederit nobispro se heredibus et 
 snccessoribus suis quantum in ipso fuit, quod nos ad 
 laudem gloriam et honorem Dei et dicte beatissime 
 Virginis Marie Matris Christi ae beate Marie Mag- 
 dalene prelibate Sancti Joliannis Baptiste et Apo- 
 stolorum Petri et Pauli et aliorum Patronorum Ec- 
 clesie Wintoniensis predicte quoddam Collegium 
 perpetuurn eruditionis scientiarum sacre theologie 
 ct philosophic de uno Presidente et certis scolaribus 
 graduatis easclein sci^ntias addiscentibus juxta ordi- 
 nationes et statuta indeper nos in hac parte conden- 
 du statuenda iacienda et stabilicuda in Universitate 
 
 Oxon.
 
 APPENDIX. 391 
 
 Oxon. in quodam fundo extra portam orientalem 
 ville Oxon. qui abuttat ex parte oriental! ad aquarn 
 vocatam Cherwell, ex parte austral! super viarn re- 
 giarn que ducit a dicta porta ad pontem vocatum 
 Estbrigge, ex parte vero occidentali super viam re- 
 giam que ducit ab eadein porta ad locum vocatum 
 Canditch, et ex parte boreali super quasdam terras 
 vocatas Haliwell, erigere fun dare facere et stabilire 
 possemus perpetuis futuris temporibus duratururn, 
 et quod nos idoneam personam quamcumque eccle- 
 siasticam in Presidentem et pro Presidente ipsius 
 Collegii necnon alias personas ei grato animo adhe- 
 rentes Scolares ejusdem Collegii per nos ad hoc eli- 
 gendos et assumendos secundum ordinationes etsta- 
 tuta incle per nos facienda regendos corrigendos pri- 
 vandos et amovendos prericere creare et ordinare 
 valeremus. Voluerit etiam et concesserit prefatus 
 Rex per dictas literas suas quod predict um Colle- 
 gium cum sic erectum fundatum f'uctum et stabili- 
 tiini merit Collegium beate Marie Magdalene, vul- 
 ganter dictum Maudeleyne College, in Universi- 
 tate Oxon. imperpetuum nuncupetur ; et quod pre- 
 dicti Presidens et Scolares et successores sui Presi- 
 dentes et Scolares Collegii beate Marie Magdalene 
 in Universitate Oxon. si mi liter imperpetuum nuncu- 
 pentur : mlcmque Presidens ct Scolares et succes- 
 sores sui per nomen Presidentis et Scalarium Col- 
 iegii beate ?Jarie Magdalene in Univerbitate Oxon. 
 essent persone liabiles cajKices et perpetue in legs 
 ad perquirendum et recipiendum terras tenemenla 
 redditus et possessiones quecumque tenenda eis et 
 
 eorum
 
 392 APPENDIX. 
 
 eorum successoribus imperpetuum Statute de terns 
 et tenementis ad manum rnortuam non ponendis 
 edito non obstante : et quod iidem President et 
 Scolares et successores sai per idem nornen et sub 
 eodem nomine placitare et implacitari possent in 
 quibuscumque curiis placeis et locis predicti Regis 
 heredum et successorum suorum ac in curiis locis 
 et placeis aliorum quorumcumque infra Regnum 
 suum Anglie secundum leges et consnetudines ejus- 
 dem Regni, et ad ornnia alia faeienda et recipieuda 
 prout et eodem modo quo ceteri ligei ipsius Regis 
 persone habiles et capaces infra idem Regnum pla- 
 citant et irnplacitantur ac faciunt et facere poterunt 
 in curiis placeis et locis predictis sc-cundnm leges 
 et consuetudines predictas ; necnon quod predicti 
 Presidens et Scolares et successores sui haberent 
 unum commune sigillurn pro negotiis suis agendis 
 imperpetuum serviturum. Cumque dilecti nobisin 
 Christo Johannes Korley Presidens Aule beate 
 Marie Magdalene in predieta Universitate Oxon. et 
 Scolares ejusdem Aule per quasdam literas suas pa- 
 tentes imperpetuum dederint concesserint et literis 
 illis confirmaverint nobis predictum fundum per no- 
 men cujusdam situs sive fundi extra portarn orien- 
 tal em ville Oxon. jacentis inter aquam vocatam 
 Cherwell ex parte 01 ientali, et viam regiam que ducit 
 a dicta porta ad locum vocatum Canditch ex parte 
 occidental! et inter viam regiam que ducit ab eadem 
 porta usque pontem vocatum Estbrigge ex parte 
 austral i, et quasdam terras vocatas Halywell ex parte 
 boreali, Habendum et tenendum nobis heredibus et 
 
 assiirnatis 
 
 v?
 
 APPENDIX. 393 
 
 assighatis nostris imperpetuum ad intentionem et 
 effectum quod nos hujusmodi Collegium superius 
 specificatum in fundo sive situ predicto erigeremus 
 et fundaremus sicut nobis plenarie constat : 
 
 Vestra novcrit Universitas quod nos premissa in- 
 terna meditatione fore pia et etiarn meritoria valde 
 intime considerantes eaque perficere et effectualiter 
 perimplere cupientes auctoritate et licentia sancte 
 Sedis Apostolice nobis in hac parte primitus conces- 
 sis ad hujusmodi Collegii erectionem fundationem 
 et stabilimentum in nomine sancte et individue Tri- 
 nitatis Patris et Filii et Spintus sancti procedentes 
 ad laudem gloriam et honorem ornnipotentis Dei et 
 beatissime Virginis Marie Matris Christi ac sancte 
 Marie Magdalene prelibate necnon Sancti Johannis 
 Baptiste et Apostolorum Petri et Pauli ac aliorum 
 Patronorum predicte Ecclesie Winton, et ad certa 
 divine pietatis opera perficienda quoddarn Colle- 
 gium perpetuurn eruditionis scientiarum sacre theo- 
 logie et philosopbie juxta tenorem presentiurn in et 
 de numero unius Presidentis et certorum Scolarium 
 graduatorum easdem scientias addiscentium juxta 
 ordinationes et statuta inde per nos in bac parte con- 
 denda statuenda facienda et stabilienda in Universi- 
 tate predicta, videlicet in fundo sive situ superius 
 speeificato et limitato, erigimus fundamus facimus 
 et stabilimus perpetuis futuris temporibus duratu- 
 rum, et Magistrum Wilhelmum Tybard sacre theo- 
 logie Bacallarium in Presidentem et pro Presidente 
 ipsius Collegii; necrion Magistrum Robertum Cal- 
 thorp Magistrum Wilhelmum Langhton Magistrum 
 
 Hen.
 
 394 APPENDIX. 
 
 Henricum Fisher Artium Magistros, Dominum Si- 
 monem Godmanston Dominum Ricardum Rernes et 
 Dominum Robertum Rous in Artibus Bacallarios, 
 prefato Presidenti grato animo adherentes Scolares 
 graduates ejusdem Colic gii per nos ad hoc electos et 
 assumptos secundum ordinationes et statuta inde per 
 nos facienda regendos et corrigendos privandos et 
 amovendos preficimuscreamus et ordinamus. Vo- 
 lumus etiam statuimus concedimus et ordinamus per 
 presentes, quod iidem Presidens et Scolares et suc- 
 sores sui Presidentes et Scolares ejusdem Collegii 
 juxta ordinationes et statuta per nos ut premittitur 
 iienda et edenda eligere et congregare ac admittere 
 poterint pi u res Scolares secundum ordinationes et 
 statuta ilia regendos corrigendos privandos et amo- 
 vendos, quos quidem Scolares et eorum successores 
 sic electos congregates et admissos secundum hu- 
 jusmodi statuta et ordinationes regendos corrigendos 
 privandos et amovendos Scolares esse ipsius Collegii 
 et tanquam Scolares et Membra ejusdem Collegii ha- 
 beri teneri et in omnibus reputari volumus et conce- 
 dimus statuimus et ordinamus pro nobis et successo- 
 ribus nostris imperpetuum per presentes. Volumus 
 ulterius et concedimus statuimus et ordinamus., quod 
 prefato Presidente cedente sive decedente vel qua- 
 cuinque alia de causa inde amoto sive private Sco- 
 lares ejusdem Collegii pro tempore existentes secun- 
 dum formam eteffectum ordinationum etstatutorum 
 liujusmodi ut predicitur fiendorum alterum iuoneum 
 virum in Presidentern Collegii illius absque licentia 
 inde de nobis sen successoribus nostris petenda vel 
 
 pro-
 
 APPENDIX. 395 
 
 prosequenda eligere possint ; quern sic electum post 
 electionem de se factain in Presidentem et pro Pre- 
 sidente ejusdem Coliegii per nos et successores nos- 
 tros Winton.Episcopos pro tempore existentes tenore 
 present! um duximus adtmttendum et confirman- 
 dum, sicque secundum ordinationes et statuta pre- 
 dicta ut prernittitur fie n dam liberarn electionem de 
 tempore in tempus novi Presidentis Coliegii supra- 
 dicti fieri, quern in Presidentem Coliegii illius modo 
 et forma prenotatis admitti et confirmari ac in Pre- 
 sidentem ejusdem Coliegii sic admissum et confir- 
 matum secundum ordinationes et statuta predicta 
 regendum corrigendum privandum et amovendum 
 Presidentem esse perpetuum ejusdem Coliegii et 
 non alium ncque alio modo volumus concedimus 
 statuimus et ordinamus per presenters. Volumus 
 tiiam et concedimus statuimus et ordinamus, quod 
 Sociis predict! Coliegii cedentibus vel decentibus aut 
 exinde privatis vel amotis aut eorurn aliquo cedente 
 vel decedente aut exinde private seu amoto in futu- 
 rurn habeant predict! Presidens et Scolares et sue- 
 eessores sui predicti imperpetuum juxta luijusmodi 
 ordinationes et statuta liberam electionem et confir- 
 mationem novorurn Scolarium in eorum loco po- 
 nendorum absque licentia hide de ncbis sen succes- 
 soribus nostris petenda vel prosequenda in futurum, 
 quos sic electos confirmatos et admissos et non alios 
 Scolares esse Coliegii predict! tt tanquam Scolares 
 et Membra ejusdem Coliegii liaberi teneri et rejiu- 
 tari stcundum ordinationes et statuta ilia regendos 
 orrigendos privandos et amovendos volumus et con- 
 
 cedimus
 
 396 APPENDIX. 
 
 cedimus statuimus et ordinaraus pro nobis et sue- 
 cessoribus irnperpetuum. Insuper nos virtute et 
 auctoritate licentie predict! Domini nostri Regis ut 
 premittitur in hac parte obtente dedimus concessi- 
 mus et per presentes confirmavimus prefatis Presi- 
 dent! et Scolaribus Collegii predict! fundum sive 
 situm predictum cum pertinentiis inter metas et 
 bundas predictas jacentem, Habendum et tenen- 
 dum sibi et successoribus suis tarn pro domibus et 
 edificiis eorumque mansionibus et aliis necessariis 
 suis in et super fundum sive situm ilium construen- 
 dis et faciendis quam in augmentationem sustenta- 
 tionis eorumdem Presidents et Scolarium et suc- 
 cessorum suorum irnperpetuum. Cetera autem om- 
 nia et singula ordinationes et statuta pro premissis 
 quomodolibet necessaria et oportuna superius speci- 
 ficata et in presentibus minime facta usque alias de- 
 ferimus per nos condenda ordinanda et statuenda. In 
 quorum omnium et singulorum premissorum fidem 
 et testimonium presentibus Sigillum nostrum feci- 
 mus apponi Dat. in Manerio nostro de Suthwerk 
 nostre Wintoniensis dioceseos duodecimo die Men- 
 sis Junii Anno Domini millesimo quadringentesimo 
 quinquagesimo octavo, Et Anno Regni predict! Do- 
 mini Regis Henrici sexti post Conquestum tricesimo 
 sexto, et nostre Consecrationis Anno undecimo. 
 
 (iTs.) 
 
 N XXXI.
 
 APPENDIX. 397 
 
 N XXXI. 
 
 Letter of Bishop Waynftete, concerning the Affairs of 
 Sir John Fasto/f. From Fenn's Original Letters, 
 Vol. III. p. 358. 
 
 J3E it remebred that forasmoch as S" John Fastolf 
 late decesed of grete AfTeccon hath put me yn trust 
 to be one of hys execute's And seth hyt ys desyryd 
 me to know my disposicon hereynne myne advyse 
 ys this that fyrst an Jnventorie be made holye of 
 hys gocles and catell yn all places And thayt they be 
 leyd yn sure waard by your discrecons 'tille the exe- 
 cute's or the moste part of tho that he put hys grete 
 trust uppon speke vvyth me and make declarac'on 
 to me of hys last wille to the Accomplysshmt 
 vvhereofFI wolle be speciall gode lord Ferthymore 
 as touchyng hys buryeng and month ys mynde kep- 
 yng that it be don worshyplye accordyng to hys de- 
 gree and for the helth of hys soule And that almesse 
 be yeven yn mass seyng and to pore peple to the 
 some of a hudred rarcks tille that othyrwyse we 
 
 / J 
 
 speke to gecter And I can agree ryjt well that hys 
 surits haf theyr rewardes be tymes accordyng to 
 
 hys \ville to th'entent that they may be bett dis- 
 posed and to pray for the welifara of hys soule tak- 
 yng avyse of a lerned man yn spirituell lawe for no 
 charge of adrni'strac'on tille the execute's com to 
 ghedr or t!:e moste pt that hys trust was most uppcn 
 to tak the adni>trac~on. 
 
 [November or December, \Y. Winton. 
 
 1-15,9. 38 Hen. VI.]
 
 338 APPENDIX. 
 
 N XXXII. Seep. 271. 
 
 Extracts from Account-boohs relating to the building 
 of the great Tower. 
 
 iVX d xii justes in oon bay & the bay conteyneth x 
 fote Sum xxxvi fole of tymbre 
 
 Item, cc fote of horde in oon bay sum of tymber 
 xx fote sum i lode 
 
 Item, oon somer in oon bay, in tymber oon lode. 
 
 Item vi coople refteres in oon bay w* dooble syde 
 resours sum ii lode tymbre 
 
 M d tbat the wall be made xv fote of hyghnesse 
 and the wall in thyknesse under the rlore ii brekes 
 and oon halfe breke and above the flore in thyknesse 
 ii brekes 
 
 Sum for all the werke xxviii lode 
 
 the cariage of a lodexxc/. sum xlvis. \i\\d. 
 
 Item m d that oon lode of tymbre pret. xs. 
 
 The sum of seyde xxviii lode of tymbre xivli. 
 
 Item for the makynge of every bay xxvi-s. viud, 
 
 Sum tot. operis ix/z. vis. vuid. w rt dores 
 
 Sum tot. diet, meremii cum opere xxiii/z. vis.vind. 
 and for the cariage xlvis. viiit/. 
 
 Sum tot. xxv /z. xiiis. iiiid'. 
 
 Mem. that every just shalbe in brede viii ynches 
 
 and in thyknesse vi ynches and every raftere shalbe 
 
 vi ynches in brede and in thyknesse iii ynches 
 
 Item The dowble purlyones in brede viii ynches 
 
 and
 
 APPENDIX. 399 
 
 and vi yncbes of thyknesse, and the over purlyones 
 in brede vii ynches and in thyknesse v ynches 
 
 Item all the horde to the seide vverke after that 
 hyt ys well dryed oon ynch. 
 
 xlvi brekes wol make in heigthe in lengthe after 
 the length of the wall 
 after the thvknesse of ii brekes and an half . . . 
 
 J 
 
 a fote square 
 
 The walle of ii breke thyknesse woll ask to make 
 a foot square xxxvi breke &c. 
 
 Lib. Comp. 
 
 1490. Ric. Gosemore junior Bursar (Gosemere in 
 the roll). 
 
 1491-2, 7 H. /. Ric. Gosmore (Gosemer in the 
 roll), middle Bursar. This year the Tower ivas begun. 
 
 9 H. 7. Ric. Gosemer again middle Bursar. Roll. 
 
 1494-5, 10 H. 7- Ric. Gosmore Lector in philo- 
 sophia. Custus turris. 
 
 Solut Magistro Gosmore in completam solucio- 
 nem pro edificacione turris arini preteriti una cum 
 stipendio ejus et pro supervisione ejusdem operis ex 
 determinacione Dm Presidentis et semorum 
 
 iiii Ii. vs. \d. ob. 
 
 Solur Jofri Baker pro vectura sex bigatorum me- 
 remii a Shotover ad Coll. pro area fienda in turri ca- 
 piendo pro bigato X v s. vi d. 
 
 Sum iiii/z. xs. v'rid. ob. 
 
 Tn the Bursar's roll of this year is the following 
 
 Memo-
 
 400 APPENDIX. 
 
 Memorandum, quod xx 11 libre pro continuacione 
 edificii turris noviter incept remanent in manibus 
 diii Presidentis et magistri Gosmore cum quibus non 
 oneramur. 
 
 1495-6, llH. 7. Solut M ro Gosmore supervisor! 
 operis turris in plenarn solucionem pro ptir (pre- 
 teritis] pro edificatione turris ut per billam scriptam 
 manu dni presidents v li. iris. \\\d. 
 
 The Bursar's roll mentions xxvi/z. \\d. left as before. 
 
 1 2 H. 7. Solut M ro Ric. Gosmore xxix die Mail pro 
 ediftcio turris, ut per indenturam, iii li. ii s. i d. ob. 
 
 Solut ad manus drii Presid. pro turre de pecuniis 
 per nos receptis de quintadecima tenentium sci Jo- 
 hannis viii li. 
 
 In this Lib. Comp. Mr. Gosmore appears to have 
 been active, and to have met with approbation. 
 
 13 H. 7- The Lib. Comp. wanting: among the re- 
 ceptions in the Bursar's roll are these two articles : 
 
 Et de priore et conventu de Hykelyng a parte 
 solut cc marcarum sine acquier per manus diii Pre- 
 sidentis decem libras applicandas ad edificium tur- 
 ris, cum qua summa non oneramur. 
 
 Et de eodem priore et conventu in parte solut 
 ut supra per acquietantiam dat per diim Presid. 
 decem libras applicand' ad edificium novi turris. 
 cum qua, cfc. 
 
 1498-9, 14 Hen. 7- Custus novi turris et campa- 
 riilis. 
 
 Solut M ro Gosmor in completam solucionem 
 novi turris a preterito viii //. xii s. vii d. 
 
 Ad
 
 APPENDIX. 401 
 
 Ad manus M. Gosmore et Jabeson pro continua- 
 cione edificii predict! turris x//. ii,s. id. 
 
 pro edificatione novi turris 
 
 24 die August! v li. 
 
 O 
 
 4 die Novernbris pro edifi- 
 catione turris iij li. 
 
 Sumrna xxvi //. xiii^. vnd. 
 
 In the last term of this year Gosjnore succeeded 
 JV/r. Barnys as P ice President. 
 
 U'olseij was junior Bursar and Schoolmaster during 
 tivo terms. 
 
 15 H. 7. Wolsey senior Bursar. The Lib. Comp. 
 missing. 
 
 lO'H. 7. 1500-1. Gustus domus campanilis. 
 
 SoluV M. Kent pro duobus cordis dictis Ly bell 
 ropis, ponderantibus xxviii//. 
 
 Solut uni de Bekley ])ro 3 bus novis Ly Bawdrykes 
 turn jjro correo cum pro factura eorum xvi d. 
 
 Custus nove turris. 
 
 Solut M ro Prut (junior Bursar') pro edifica- 
 cione e-jusdeui prinio termino, xl s. 2 do termino 
 xx .v. r> termino, xili.vis.vmd. 4 term, xxii //, 
 xiii. .v. iiii (/. xxxvii //. 
 
 I/ II. 7. Cu-tus campanilis iiii,?. iiiiii. 
 
 nove turris xlvi //. xiiii s. \ d. 
 
 IS IT. 7 1'">OJ 3. Custus nove turn?. 
 Su!uV M. Prutt supervisor! illius turris 5 tD die 
 Dccembris ut per Indcr.turam v //. 
 
 \ViH Ravuolde 7 die Februarii pro edifi- 
 
 cacione illius turris xl s. 
 
 2 D WirP
 
 4t>2 APPENDIX. 
 
 Will Herbert! per man us Witt 1 Raynold? 
 
 pro y magi ui bus xxvi.y. viii d. 
 
 eiclem W. Raynolds pro lapidibus deTevii- 
 
 ton pro illis ymaginibus et pro vecturaaTeyriton x.?. 
 
 eidem W. Ilaynold 24 die Martii inpartc. 
 
 &c. pro edificacione turns viii //. 
 
 M. Prutt supervisor! nove turris 12 April 
 
 pro debito sibi super coinpot xxvi s. 
 
 W. Raynolds 2 die Junii pro edificacions 
 turris ut per Indent x It. 
 
 W. Raynolds 2 die Augusti in parte so- 
 lucionis pro edif. turris ut per Indent x //. 
 
 eidem 18 die Octobris pro edific. turris ut 
 per Indent x//. 
 
 Sum. xlviii //. ii,s. v'mcl. 
 
 1 9 H. 7. 1 503-4. Soluf pro biba dato Witt Ray- 
 nolds etaliis laborantibus circa turrim, vis. viiid. 
 
 Custus campanilis et novi turris 
 
 The amount in various articles specified is 
 
 xxxix //. xi d. 
 Several payments were made as before to Raynolds, 
 
 20 II. 7. 1504-5. Custus campanilis et novi turris 
 The amount in sundry articles, 24 li. <) s. 4d, 
 
 21 II. 7- hi sundry articles xxvii //. 
 22H.7- 1506-7. Solut Pynfold pro vectura / 
 
 biga't lapidum ad turrim ii s. iiii d. 
 
 T 
 
 Jasper pro vect unius 
 
 bigat lapidum imd. 
 
 Bowdon pro fossura 
 
 10 bigat lapidum iiis. iiii d. 
 Custus Campanilis et nove turris 
 
 In sundry articles iiii s, iiii d. 
 
 23 IL
 
 APPENDIX. 403 
 
 '23 H. 7- 1508-9- Custus nove turris xixs. vi'id. 
 Hoc anno ediiicatur aedes inter novam turrim et 
 tacellnin sti Johannis. 
 
 Mr. Parkhur&t was Supervisor. 
 
 Ann. 1-492. ix die August! anno R. Hen. 7 mi sep- 
 tnno vigihe s'ti Laurentii martins primus lapis angu- 
 laris pro nova turri campanarum positus est per M, 
 Ricarduin Mavevv tune Presidentem. Deo gratias, 
 
 O 
 
 Rejj. A. f. 86, 
 
 N XXXIII. 
 
 Extract from the College Register concerning the 
 Visit of Ring James the First and Prince Henry. 
 
 Recepiio Iltnrici Principis Wcdiitf in Collegia. 
 
 ANNO Domini iGoo quinto Kal. Septemb. sub ho- 
 ram ejus diei a meridie quasi quintam serenissimus 
 magnse BritannicE princeps Henricus Fredericus con- 
 scenso curru, ab /Ede Christi in Collegium beatae 
 Mariae Magdalense destinatum celsitudini sua3 hospi- 
 tium magnifice invectus est. Ibi per dispositos soda- 
 Iium,scholarium,c^terorumquestudiosorura ordines, 
 ipse inter illustrissimos dominos Comitem Wigorni- 
 ensein.etGulielmum Rno\vlesium,Baronem,medius 
 ad ternplum recta procedebat, Euntem a tergo se- 
 quebantur lectissima de nobilitate Angiicana pubes 
 Comes Oxoniensis, Comes Kssexius, Vicecomes 
 Craneburnius Suffolcii filiusminor, Shefeldius, Ha- 
 il D 2 ringtoniusj
 
 404 APPENDIX. 
 
 ringtonius, Brusius, et dignus qni cum prirnis no- 
 winetur Tho. Chalonerus, Eques Auratus, qui 
 omnes illi erantab obsequio et clientele. Turn Ni- 
 colai Bondi Prsesidis ornatissimi etCollegii nomine 
 luculenta oratione ilium excepit Jacobus Mab, mul- 
 tum do adventu tanti hospitis gavisus, simulque 
 Magdalena; suae gratulatus, quns Principem omnibus 
 exoptatissimum hospitio accipcret, qui postquain 
 peroraverat Principis manum deosculatus est. De- 
 ductus inde est ad cubiculum, mox (nam Pncsidis 
 jussu jam convenerant) Gulielmus Seymerius Hart- 
 fordite Comitis ex Beauchampio filio nepos natu 
 maximuSj Robertus Gorgins Thoma Gorgio Equiti 
 Asirato et pnenobili Northampton^ March ion issa 
 prognatus, Th. Chaloneri filii duo, Gulielmus Hor- 
 lasius, clarissimi patris, Equestris ordinis viri, films 
 natu maximuSj Adolescentes onmes non minus 
 egregieie indolis et virtutum laudibus quam natalium 
 dignitate florentes, opponentium munere pro so 
 quisque strenue defungentes, de praeliantium mon.' 
 sub prsesidio Jo.Moseleii disputarunt. Id eo consilio 
 fact urn est, ut non ipse rnodo intelligeret, quam 
 laudabiles in re literaria progressus nobilissimi ado- 
 lescentes fecissent, sed ut reciprocis istis disputa- 
 tionum altercation ibus anirnum pasceret et oblecta- 
 ret. Ouibus peractis, manum, bcne et viriliter no- 
 vatae opera? tesseram, singulis deosculandam exhi- 
 buit. Collubitum deinde illi est animi causa per 
 Collegii (uti appellantur) claustra spaciari, spirantes 
 PX quadrato lapide imagines contemplari, et qua3 
 
 virurn
 
 APPENDIX. 405 
 
 virum Principem scire eequum est, observare oin- 
 nia. Postero die Augustissimis parentibus Jacobo 
 Annaeque juxta assidens, sacrae Theologian et Juris- 
 prudentiiE disputationibus, perendie Medicina? et 
 utriusque philosophise in templo Divae Mariae in- 
 terfuit. Die Jovis qui fuit ab adventu Principis 
 perendinus, ad Coenarn in aula magna cum caeteris 
 qui comitabantur viris nobilibus, humillimc invitatus 
 est supremae mensae medium solus ipse occupabat, 
 nude in cueteros qui simul cccnabant, quasi loco su- 
 periore pros})icere posset. Aderant turn frequentes 
 et suis quique inensis collocati, vestibus quoque et 
 cucullis decenter ortiati studiosi, princeps vel dis- 
 ctimbentium multitudine delectatus est, vel ordine. 
 Interea scyphum vetreum vinogeneroso spumantem 
 arripienSj Hem vobis, inquit, qui adestis ^alutem pro- 
 pino, et cum dicto omnes in pedes erigere suavissi- 
 inam Principis salutem medullitus excepturi, baud 
 facile verbis explicare posses, quam intimos pecto- 
 rurn recessus incomparabilis benignissimi Principis 
 huinanitas insinuavit se. Accedit porro aliud non 
 obscurum er^a nos voluntatissuasargumentum, nam 
 
 o o ^ 
 
 et suurn esse hoc collegium et sibi curae futuruin 
 sappe auditus est dictre. Ex quo uno Magdalenenses 
 omnes sic recreantur, ut nulluni unquam a Coliegio 
 condito vocein gratiorern aut acceptiorem accepisse 
 se seno gloriantur. Caster urn nequid oflicii vicissim 
 intactum putetur, quo Principem amanlissimum 
 tlernereri possint, Gulielmus Ci-raius Artliuri de 
 \\iitoua Baronis iilius natu minor sic (ut prases 
 
 antea
 
 406 APPENDIX. 
 
 antea mandaverat) Pandulphi Colenneii Apologo? 
 librum ipsa vel inateria vel artificio valde spectabi- 
 Jem (habebat enim margaritis affabre contextual teg- 
 men) ex ipsius dono non sine illustri prsefatione per- 
 lionorifice Principi commendavit. Ejus exemplo 
 perniotus Ricbardus Worsleius Armigeri e Vectana 
 insula haeres rilius, li bell urn exoticarurn linguarum 
 versibus eleganter exaratum dono cledit, etEdvardus 
 Chalonerus duo insignium Chirothecarum paria pro 
 Universi Collegii voto, principal! sublimitati obtulit. 
 Caeteroque satellitum et ministrorum ccetui, ita 
 elargitum est aliquid Collegium, ut benigne huma- 
 nilerque se acceptos fuisse hand quisquam dissimu- 
 laret dicere. Quod nisi temporis angustus exclusi 
 fuissent, non defuerunt, qui in utraque philosophia 
 certamen et pugnam exhibuissent, qui rem sceni- 
 cam et fabulas repra?sentassent, denique qui specta- 
 cula etiam ad manum (quod (iicitur) habebant, quae 
 si otium fuisset in gratiam Principis Optiini cledis- 
 sent. Venerat jam dies ille Veneris ab adventu 
 Principis quartus, in quo Jacobus (post homines 
 natos doctiss. idem et clementissitnus REX) quasi 
 baud satis gloria: aut decoris Collegio foret, utprin- 
 ceps films modo inviseret, prat?ens illustrare ipse 
 non est gravatus. Duglassius Castellioneius e soda- 
 libus unus, orator bonus, verbis et Collegii nomine 
 Res;em advenientem officiosissirne salutavit. Henri- 
 
 o 
 
 cus Hawardus Comes Northamptonius, bonarum ar- 
 tium et literarum cultor., et admirator summus, cum 
 reliquis magnatibuis una advenerat. Aream Col- 
 legii
 
 APPENDIX. 407 
 
 legii et fabricam Rex midique circumspexit, biblio- 
 tliecani diligenter perlustravit, Et hie (inquit) illi 
 sunt (simul authores vetustate pene et senio con- 
 fectos digito demonstravit) ex quibus contra haereses 
 <et malejactas in causa religionis opiniones pugnare 
 oportet. Dextro turn prehenso Regis brnchio North - 
 amptonius, ilium per gradus in claustra deducebat, 
 (jui inter abeundum Magdalenenses et studiosos om- 
 nes clara voce siccompellavit, Bene valete, generosi. 
 Expectet fortasse jam aliquisj ut quo animo hospi- 
 tium hoc sibi totique Aulicoruin suorum multitu- 
 dini in Collegio praebitum princeps serenissinius ex- 
 ceperit, aut quid Rex postea dixerit, narrrare nunc 
 incipiam ; caeterurn id prolixe satis loquuntur liters 
 a Duo Thomii Chalonero post discessuin ad Prgesi- 
 dem obligatae, quarurn ad intuendum perlegendum* 
 t.[ue exemplar ride optima hicsubjeci. 
 
 " To the right worshipful Dr. Iiond, President. 
 
 ' ?vly sodaine departure from Oxford would not 
 ' permit. 1 : ine to give you those thankes, which the 
 " Prince had commanded me to send you and the 
 '' College in his hehalle. Therfore in his High- 
 ''' ness naine I assure you that the entertainment 
 ' given him and his is soe gratefully accepted, that 
 u he is willing both to requite it generally to the 
 " whole Societie, and particularly to every member 
 -' therof with princelie mind. Of this I entreat you 
 ' to certiiie unto the Collede and with all that his 
 
 G 
 
 " Majestie
 
 408 APPENDIX. 
 
 " Majestic commends the Collcdge for the most ab- 
 " solute building of Oxford. Seinge therfor, that 
 te the King and his Royall sonne esteerne soe much 
 " of Magdalens, you have reason to think their vi- 
 " sitation to have been a second foundation to you. 
 " For myself I am allwaies ready to serve you, and, 
 " wherein I may, rest 
 
 t/ ' 
 
 " Most affectionately yours, 
 Court, Sept. 1. " Thomas Chaloner." 
 
 THE END.
 
 409 
 
 CORRECTIONS AND ADDITIONAL NOTES 
 
 BV THE EDITOR. 
 
 Page 32, line 4, for 1442, read 1422. 
 
 61, line 8. The duke of Yoik was great great grandson 
 to Lionel duke of Clarence, elder brother to the duke 
 of Lancaster, by his mother, Anne, daughter of Roger 
 earl of March, through whom he claimed the crown. 
 Though two lines higher in his paternal descent, the 
 claim through this channel could not have preceded that 
 of Henry. 
 
 90, note. I conceive 1462 in the MS. to be a mistake in 
 the date, and that it should probably stand as 1762. 
 
 105, line 10, for 7 Febry read 51 Decem 1460, the day on 
 which the battle of Wakefield was fought, according to 
 Stow and Rapin. Hume says 24th December. 
 
 122, line 12, Edward IV. was sou to Richard, and great 
 grandson to Edmund duke of York. 
 
 131, line 13, for seven hundred and sixty-three, read seven 
 hundred and twenty-three marks (i.482.) 
 
 132, note, for Eckington, read Egginton of Handsworth near 
 Birmingham. The restoration of this window has cost 
 the society, or ils members, about . 130O. 
 
 181, line ult. It appears out of the author's recollection, that 
 in page 134 he mentioned the Alien Priory of Sele as be- 
 ing granted to Vv'ayr.flete. Or did he consider its being 
 made denizen prior to the grant, as exempting it from 
 being included in the number ? 
 
 IQ\, line 9. In page 1/1 it is stated, ten pounds was the 
 salary allowed by Waynflete to the schoolmaster ; which 
 was the sum allotted him independent of any usher, to 
 whom a stipend of five pounds was assigned. 
 
 215, line 3, for Ed- read Edward. 
 
 Page 227,
 
 410 
 
 Page 22/, lines 15 and 22, after college, and line IS, after removed, 
 add a comma. 
 
 232, line 11, after his, add a comma. 
 
 233, line 10., for requiem read requie. 
 252, line 5, for Wuley read Wulcy. 
 
 202, line 5, the secret. A prayer in the service of the mass, 
 so called from being delivered in a low tone of voice. 
 "Whether prostration has in this place, other than the usual 
 meaning I am not aware. The morrow-mass, is that ce- 
 lebrated on the morning following the anniversary of the 
 obit, 
 
 2'Jl , line 11, for remains, and is, read remain, and are, 
 
 2[}2, line 9, or the whole. Certainly not the whole, as 35O 
 of these spur-royals were parted with by the society in 
 17S7, which were all of the coinage of the fifteenth cen- 
 tury, either of Henry VI. or Edward IV. 
 
 3p/, Appendix, NXXXI. should be marked with an E. as 
 inserted by the Editor. X XXX. was amongst the papers 
 of the Author, and therefore printed, although not men- 
 tioned in his written catalogue. IS* XXXIII. marked 
 in his list for insertion, was found missing, on looking over 
 
 ,_> J O 
 
 the papers .selected for the Appendix. This carious ex- 
 tract from the College Register was supplied by the kind- 
 ness of the president. Of Xo. XXVII. I would ob- 
 serve, that H. "\Vharton has not printed the epistle 
 entire, which is prefixed to L. W. Savona's work, hi 
 the Library of Manuscripts at Lambeth Palace (see 
 p. 210'). The epistle begins Omnium Theologorum^ cc. 
 I have not seen the MS. but the Rev. H, J. Todd has 
 been kind enough to examine it, and informs r.io it is in 
 fine preservation throughout, and the arms of V\"aynfiete 
 are neatly emblazoned in the first letter. It is numbered 
 in the collection -1-50. 
 
 INDEX.
 
 INDEX. 
 
 * A - 
 
 ACADEMICS with difficulty 
 obtiin ecclesiastical beneiices, 
 ','}. 
 
 A<l(i.'dc Chcrrhig, founder of die 
 hospital tor lepers at Romney, 
 153. 
 
 Alt-Suuls-coMeze founded by arch- 
 bishop Chichrlc, 48. 
 
 Amath'us, duke of Savoy, the anti- 
 pope, 30. 
 
 AMcyhyll, John, introduces a new 
 form of teaching at Magdalen- 
 school, 253. His salary, ib. 
 
 Ap/icrd, costly, forbidden to be 
 worn by the society of Magda- 
 len-coH'ege, '206. 
 
 Architects, devices used by them 
 us ornaments, 122. 
 
 Anns, paternal, of \Vaynflete, and 
 his own, described, 30. Obser- 
 vations respecting them, 31. 
 Description of his arms in Tate- 
 sliale church, 81. 
 
 Arthur, prince, son to Henry the 
 Seventh, lodsres at Magdalen- 
 colli-L'e, 260." 
 
 Ariindet-iiiass, 166. 
 
 Aut/icrs, Greek and Roman, re- 
 scued from the obscurity of bar- 
 barism, 9. First studied in Ita- 
 ly, ib. 
 
 Aynho. the hospital there, belong- 
 in >.:; to the earl of Arundcl, an- 
 nexed to Magdalen-college, 106. 
 
 B. 
 
 Bachelors of citnon-lurc, qualifica- 
 tions required in the candidates 
 for that decree, 53. 
 
 Badges and devices formerly worn 
 for fashion-sake, 121. 
 
 Baker, nominated to the presi- 
 dency of Winchester-college, 58. 
 
 Barbarity of manners prevalent in 
 the time of Richard the Third, 
 160, 211. 
 
 Barbour, a patronymic appellation 
 of the family of Waynflete, 
 1,2. 
 
 Barbour, or Patten, Richard ; sea 
 Patten. 
 
 Barons, armed congress of, 121. 
 
 Battles, twelve, pitched, fought 
 between the houses of York and 
 Lancaster, 18. Computation 
 of the numbers who perished in 
 these contentions, ib. 
 
 Beards, the fashion of wearing 
 them discontinued, 247. 
 
 Beaufort, Henry, (the cardinal,) 
 translated from the see of Lin- 
 coln to that of Winchester, 18. 
 His death, 32. His charac- 
 ter, 33. His eleemosynary in- 
 stitution at Winchester, 223, 
 224. His sepulchre, 233, 234. 
 
 Bedford, John, duke of, his death, 
 32. 
 
 Begging asserted by the friars- 
 mendicants to have been a Go- 
 spel-institution, 97, 98. 
 
 Rekyngton, Thomas, a principal 
 friend of Waynflete, 21. Edu- 
 cated at Winchester, ib. Made 
 doctor of laws, ii>. Rises in fa- 
 vour with king Henry the Sixth, 
 24. Made secretary to the king, 
 26. Advanced to the sec of 
 Bath and Wells, ib. His con- 
 secration. 27. Gives a sump- 
 tuous entertainment to the col- 
 lege of Winchester, 57. Was a 
 benefactor to both the colleges 
 of Wykeham, 58. note. His 
 arms, carved on the roof of the 
 oratory of Winchester-college, 
 59, 60. His death, 116. Em- 
 blematical device allusive to his 
 name, 117. 
 
 Benefices, ecclesiastical, decree for 
 conferring them, 45. 
 
 Begufst of Dr. Chaundler to Win- 
 thester-college, 24. note. 
 
 Bequests
 
 412 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Be./ufffs of bishop Waynfiete to 
 divers persons. 221, 2,!2. 
 
 Ernie, Pn men, or Henu/s, Richard, 
 commissioned to reci ive sei-:n 
 of tile hospital of St. John Hap- 
 ti-r, 02. Appointed one of tiie 
 three bachelors of ]\Jag;kden- 
 collciie, 95 Made vu-c-prcM- 
 dcnt of the college, 146. Pays 
 for the carnage of stone for 
 building the chapel of Ktmi- 
 coiltvc, 154. Still retaining Ins 
 oti'uv of vice-president, he dies 
 sit an advanced a^e, 253. ilis 
 epitaph, ib. iiute. 
 
 pj.it/e pub : ielv n.ad ;,t dinner- 
 time 111 Magdalen-college hail, 
 205. 
 
 Bishop, ceremony of election to 
 that office described, .'36, 37. 
 
 JJoMC/fjDr., president of Ma'dalen- 
 collfiie, entertains king James, 
 *t>3. " 
 
 Bunifucc, pope, established the 
 mass in commemoration of the 
 live wounds of Christ, 174. 
 
 KMI/S, piked, tied to the knee with 
 chain- of silver, '.'47. 
 
 Boast/, Kohert, earl of Leicester, 
 founder of the pnory of Lutiicid, 
 87, 83. 
 
 Boswortli-jield, the battle of, put an 
 end to the i'euds hetv\een the 
 ^ orkists and Lancastrians, 21.">. 
 
 Eoloner, William, his controversy 
 ropectmi: the. will of sir Jolni 
 FaMoiil', 100. 
 
 Bourcfiicr, archbishop, solicited by 
 the nmversily of Oxford to i - o- 
 Mbt tiie encroacluuent of the 
 pope, 45. 
 
 Baurctiier, inthroned as archbishop 
 of Canterbury, 77. Rc>i2ns his 
 ofiice of lord-chancellor, 33, 81. 
 Advanced to the di^nitj of a 
 cardinal, 127, 123. 
 
 Bracklej//, account of tiie hospital 
 there', 167. 
 
 TsreretoH) William, grandfather of 
 bishop Waynnete, 4. By his 
 gallantry in the wars with Trance 
 acquires the honour of knight- 
 hood, ib. Appointed pjvcrnor 
 of Caen in IXonnandv, td. tV 103. 
 Defeats t.!ie French, and re- 
 turns home with dorv, 4. Was 
 
 a companion in arms of the ce- 
 lebrated sir John FaitoltV, 103. 
 
 Served under lord Scales, 231'. 
 
 !\i;.kes o\ er his possessions to 
 bishop \\ aynfletu and the dean 
 his hrother, <l>. 
 
 Brereto/i, :M artery, married to 
 Richard Patten, 4. Her issue, 
 ib. 
 
 Buckingham, the duke of, dis- 
 gusted with the usurpation of 
 Richard the Third, 212. Seeks 
 to blend the interests of the 
 contending families of York and 
 Lancaster into one, il/. lie- 
 headed, 214. 
 
 P.U//X, papal, u<3, 3P. 
 
 l)Ui nil of the dean of Chichester, 
 t xpenses of, 240. 
 
 P'liriton, ^\lrs. Anes, confirmed 
 of the sociecy ot St. Mary Wyn- 
 ton, 56. 
 
 c. 
 
 Cuu'e, an Irishman, pretends him- 
 self to be heir of the house of 
 York, 6'3. IJesids an insurrec- 
 tion in Kent, 64. Slays the 
 kind's general, (/'. Is at iirst 
 pr;)tect( d by the Londoners, but 
 afterwards attacked and de- 
 fcaU d hv them, il\ ili> follow- 
 ers are dispersed, and a procla- 
 maiio:! i>sued for his apprehen- 
 sion, 65. 
 
 C'.vw, surrendered by the duke of 
 Njme;'--et, 63 
 
 Calamity, \>\\\-\c\A, regarded as u 
 punishment for ^ms, 12-1. 
 
 CttiioiL-iu'fi-. bachelor of, conditions 
 rrquisite from candidates lor 
 that de^ri'e, 53 
 
 Co'diuti/'s hat and diirnity, the cc- 
 ri-mony of coiu'e; i ing them, 127, 
 123. 
 
 Cinnn -/inn, his epigrams prefixed 
 to Leland's Grammar, 180. 
 
 Cut .'tui <//(-, qu<.'eii, accompanied by 
 cardinal \\ i.lrv, \isiLs Oxford, 
 2 7 o . 
 
 Cuxton permitted to set up Ins 
 prmt.m^-prej, -.-(:.; in \\ estminn'.cr- 
 abbey, 189. 
 
 Ceilnii! of tiie divinity-school at. 
 Oxford, 110. 
 
 Ceremony of electing a bishop, 36, 
 37. Of ii.tiironiiij, a bisliop, 55,
 
 413 
 
 and an archbishop, ?7. Of con- 
 ferring the cardinal's hat, 127, 
 128 Of sanctifying the foun- 
 dation--tc>!ie of Magdalen-col- 
 lege, 137. Of mvcsi mi: the pre- 
 sident of that college in Ins of- 
 fice, 146. 
 
 C/taderton, Thomas, his certificate 
 ot monev received by him from 
 bishop CVaynflete, 2i3. note. 
 
 C/w/wx, of silver, formerly used to 
 fasten the pikes of the shoes or 
 boots to the knee, 247. 
 
 Chancellorship of England, cere- 
 monious proceedings on the 
 death of a person who had been 
 invested with that office, 72. 
 The manner of conferring the 
 office on bishop Waynflete, 83. 
 
 Chnntry-priesfs abolished, 282. 
 
 Char/en t/ic First obtains pecuni- 
 ary aid from the university of 
 Oxford, 2S8. 
 
 Chaundlcr, Dr. Thomas, his edu- 
 cation and promotions, 21, 2'-'. 
 Made chancellor of the uni- 
 versity of Oxford, 22. lias 
 other preferments bestowed on 
 bun, ib. His donation of the 
 .Mitre Tnn, <S;e. to Winchester- 
 colieae, 24. nota. Resigns the 
 mastership of St. Cross, 30. 
 Succeeds Timrbum as warden 
 of \Vincliester-colleee, 53. 
 Was a benefactor to the colli-^, 
 5P, 60. Presents an i.ddre^-. to 
 kin; Edward the Fourth from 
 the university of Oxford, loo, 
 139. ReMLTMS his ol'iice of chan- 
 cellor, assumes it a::am, and ii- 
 i)",!! v resigns it, 142. 
 
 C/iic'ie/c. archbisliop, procures the 
 renewal of a decree for confer- 
 ring; ecclesiastical brnefi <"(*, 4">. 
 The founder of All-^onls Cul- 
 lesrn. 48 His emotions on re- 
 citing in synod the sufferings of 
 the clergy', 114, 11,">. 
 
 Church, its sn!ferin:'> from an un- 
 due extension of certain sta- 
 tutes, 115. rts privileges and 
 jnri-dit.-tioii violate;!, i!> < ; ts 
 riuliti and nninunities restored, 
 ib. 
 
 Churchmen, rich, ceasing to reside 
 
 on their preferments, lavish their 
 wealth at court, 44. 
 
 Churclittile, Juliana, a relation of 
 bishop Wavnfkte, 2i9, 2JU, 
 251. 
 
 Cicero'* sayinir, 139. 
 
 Clarence, duke of, llees to France, 
 an I conclude-! a treatv with 
 queen M^arsaret, 11T'. Turns 
 anain to the interest of lus 
 brother Edward, 120. Murder- 
 ed by the treachery of his bro- 
 ther Richard of Gloucester, 159. 
 
 Cl(tymond,3ohn, succeeds Dr. Ma- 
 yew as president of Magdalen- 
 college, 260. Was a corre- 
 spondent of Erasmus, 261. 
 Removed toCorpus-Christi, 95T. 
 His donations to Magdalen, 2f>:J. 
 
 Cl-'i's>/, their luxurv and pruie, 42, 
 4,5. Ordered to go in solemn 
 procession, 70. Protected from 
 the penalties of certain statutes, 
 111. Scandalous lives of the 
 monastic ciergv censured bv 
 WicklitTe, 182. Guilty of ex- 
 cess in apparel. 2 !6. 
 
 C!'-ricul tonsure, 13, 1o7, 101, 241. 
 
 Clerks, iiirliiient, tiieir precarious 
 support, 44. 
 
 C'i'iMS "r Close, the architect ein- 
 
 niovo'l in the erection of Ivin^'s- 
 
 T r 
 co!!ei;e, 27. 
 
 C/i ''.', Xic'iolas, the first fellow of 
 Kaiii's-coHene, (.'amJiridue, 27. 
 
 C'/')- 1 '*, John, snccr-cds John U'avn- 
 tiete as dean of Cliichester, 240. 
 
 Co:et, John, co-disciple wit!) t!,o 
 i;reat \Vulfv, 265. Becomes a 
 
 f..>r the instruction of youth in 
 (4 reek and Latin, ib. Co.iipik-s 
 r\n j'.'i^li^h Introduction to the 
 Gra'mn-ir, ib. His death, 270. 
 
 Colt-it, William, ma !e bursar of 
 M-i::da!en-coi:c-:e, 1-U5. 
 
 Con T.'? of anre i L-ar'.'iis, 121. 
 
 CV';/-<,"frs nnpose-i 0:1 the- cr; -j'; ! itv 
 of [H'oule of ail ranVs. 120. 
 
 Const f/nti>to:)/e captured i,>v the 
 Turks, 257.
 
 414 
 
 INDEX 
 
 Cf>j)e, professional, 5,5. 
 
 Corpus-Christi-coNege at Oxford 
 founded by bishop Fox, 262. 
 Its statutes, ib. 
 
 Couplet, playful, on the name Pat- 
 ten, 'I, note. On Waynflele, 25. 
 note. 
 
 Courtney, bishop of Exeter, trans- 
 lated to the see of Winchester, 
 229. 
 
 Courts, ecclesiastical, for trying 
 ecclesiastical persons solely, 114. 
 
 Crumrrell, lord Ralph, his death, 
 79. His offices, ib. His mar- 
 riage, ib. Buried in Tateshalc 
 church, 80. Was the founder 
 of a college at Tate shale, ib. 
 Inscription to his memory in 
 Ranby-church, ib. 
 
 D. 
 
 X? -'?? T.rrs, Joan, a benefactress to 
 Magdalcii-hali, Oxford, 8(3, 37. 
 
 J}c in Prc, an abbey of Cluniac 
 nuns, l(-)fj. iiofc. 
 
 DC Sacrawentis Dedicatinnis Ser- 
 ]}/;>, a umiuisrr.'pt pre-ei ved in 
 the library of Magdalen-college, 
 135.- -Vv 'ritten by Ivo, bishop of 
 Chartrrs, 150. Memorandum 
 written in the beginning of the 
 book by William Wyrcestrc, ib, 
 note. 
 
 DC $<'}> rcf ute.) by 1'u 1 1 v, tra n s'al ed 
 bv Wiiiiam Wyrcestre, 1;'W i\: 
 138. Printed and published by 
 Caxton, 18.. 
 
 ])e}j/s, or middle commoners, 155. 
 i'lieir requisite qualilications, 
 \-,(j. 
 
 Devices, or cc^rvi/.ai'.ccs, formerly 
 worn, 121, 122. 
 
 Dispensation, papal, purchased by 
 the clergy, 1o. 
 
 Disputations, scholastic, at the uni- 
 versity of Oxford, 8. 
 
 Distemper, pestilential, rages at 
 Oxford, 165. 276. 
 
 Divinity-sct/ou/, at Oxford, found- 
 ed by duke Humphrey, 1.58. 
 
 Dress of the students, ccc. of Mag- 
 dalen-college, 206. 
 
 Dress, peculiar fashions of, de- 
 scribed, 2-16, 247. 
 
 Doctors of the university at Ox- 
 ford complimented with sound- 
 ing titles, 8. 
 
 Ecclesiastical persons, and ecclcsi' 
 
 astical courts, 1 14. 
 Ecclesiastics, their animosities a- 
 
 gainst the lay-students, 11,3. 
 Egginton, Mr., restores the great 
 window of the chapel of Mag- 
 dalen-college, 138. note. 
 Edmund, duke of York, secretly 
 aspires to the crown, 62. Su- 
 spected of abetting the rebellion 
 of Cade, 60. Approaches Lon- 
 don with an army, 69. Finding 
 the gates shut against him, he 
 forms his encampment on Burnt-' 
 heath, $. Surrenders himself 
 to king llenrv, id. Is consti- 
 tuted the king's lieutenant for 
 holding a parliament, 72. Ap- 
 pointed protector and defender 
 of die realm, 75. liaises an 
 army, slays the duke of Somer- 
 set, and wounds and captures 
 king Henry, 77. He and the 
 lords Salisbury and Warwick 
 govern the nation, 81: and as- 
 semhle a large army at Ludlow, 
 96. Kdward is by parliament 
 constituted heir-apparent to the 
 crown, and lord-protector, 105. 
 Is slain in battle, ib. His de- 
 vice, 12L'. 
 
 Ilrhi:tinl, earl of March, succeed* 
 his father as duke of York, 10.x 
 Proclaimed king of England 
 by the name of .Kdward the 
 Fourth, ib. Solemnly crowned, 
 at Westminster, 1C6. Remarks 
 on his conduct towards bishop 
 Wayiiiletc, 110, 112, & 113. 
 In his progress through Hamp- 
 shire, the tenants of Waynflcte 
 complain to him of their griev- 
 ances, 111. Annexes Eton-col- 
 lege to the royal chapel of Wind- 
 sor, 113. Through the defec- 
 tion of the duke of Clarence 
 and the carl of Warwick, he is 
 compelled to flee to Holland, 
 11U. Attainted by the parlia- 
 ment,
 
 INDEX. 
 
 41J 
 
 t.'jcnt, ami declared an. u*urptr 
 and traitor, 120. Received by 
 the Londoners, ib. Remands 
 king Henry to the Tower, ib. 
 His plausible declaration, 122. 
 Insults prince Edward, 123. 
 Crowned anain, ib. Exacts 
 from the lords an oath ot" fealty 
 to his infant son, 127 : and cre- 
 ates him prince uf Wales, ib. 
 Holds a grand festival at Wind- 
 sor, 128. Confirms die grants 
 made to Waynflete's college by 
 king Henry, 129. Commences 
 the building of his chapel at 
 Windsor, 138. Visits Mag- 
 dalen-college in person, 150. 
 Attends at the public dispu- 
 tations of the university, 151. 
 Falls into a deep melancholy, 
 158. His death, ib. Buried at 
 Windsor, ib. (His body lately 
 discovered, ib.) How he re- 
 warded the captain who con- 
 veyed him to Holland, 246. 
 
 Edward, prince, son to Henry the 
 Sixth, born at Westminster, 71. 
 Placed under the tutelage of 
 bishop Wayntlete, ib. Flees 
 with his mother into Flanders, 
 116'. Appointed by her to mar- 
 ry a daughter of the earl of War- 
 wick, 119. Basel v murdered, 
 1?3. His assassination attri- 
 buted to the duke of Gloucester, 
 159. 
 
 Edward, 'prince, son to Edward the 
 Fourth, born during his father's 
 rxile, 127. Created prince of 
 Wales, ib. Confined in th" 
 Tower by his uncle Richard, 
 and there smothered, 159. cc 
 note. 
 
 Effigy, monumental, of Richard 
 Fatten, described at Jarc, 2-!',', 
 24.", Of John Waynflete, 2-13, 
 o.H._(jf William Waynflete, 
 244, 215, 2 Id. 
 
 Elcemosi/7iury institution of cardi- 
 nal Beaufort, 223. 224. 
 
 Elizabeth, queen, crowned by the 
 bishop of Carlisle, 282. 
 
 Etnanuel, a knight of the Golden 
 Cross, kindly received in Eng- 
 land by bishop Wayntlete, 267. 
 
 Y.n<ilhh lo?e their ancient posses- 
 sions in Franco, 63. 
 
 Epigram in praise of bishop Way n- 
 fllte, 189. note. 
 
 Epitaph of Richard Bernes, 258. 
 note. 
 
 Erasmus endeavours to promote 
 the knowledge of the Greek lan- 
 guage at Oxford, 268. Reviews 
 and alters Eilye's Latin Syntax, 
 270. 
 
 Eton-college, history of its foun- 
 dation, 24, 25, 26. Ceremony 
 of admitting Waynflete as pro- 
 vost, 28, 29. Manner of intro- 
 ducing the statutes of the col- 
 lege, 29. Annexed to the royal 
 chapel of Windsor, 113. Re- 
 newed and established by par- 
 liament, 114. Its buildings ad- 
 vanced by the contribution of 
 bishop Waynilete, 153, 154. 
 
 Exequies, solemn, ordained to be 
 celebrated for the souls of de- 
 ceased personages, 79. 
 
 F. 
 
 Falconer to the kinir, 79. 
 
 Falstaft '-s buckram-men; who so de- 
 nominated, 2U7. note. 
 
 Fiinto/ff, MI- John, his death, 99. 
 Particulars respecting him, ib. 
 His last will, ib. & 100. Was 
 a distinguished warrior, 103. 
 A benefactor to A!agdalen-col- 
 lege, ib. note. A manuscript 
 that had belonged to him pre- 
 served m the library of that col- 
 lege, 135. His wil'l, 194, note. 
 Hi-j In quests to Magdalen- 
 colie.c, 207. nuic. Contemptu- 
 ous appellation of the scholars 
 receiving livenes from his bene- 
 faction, it. The use. to which 
 his pensions for masses were 
 converted, 232. 
 
 Felix tin: I'ifih, the anti-pope. 39. 
 
 l-'tiirjaf. grand, holden at Wind- 
 sor, 123. 
 
 Fit z-Alan, William, carl of Arun- 
 del, made chamberlain to king 
 Richard the Third, 165. Cove- 
 nants w-ith bishop Wayntiete to 
 annex the hospital at Aynho to 
 Magdalen-college, 3C6. 
 
 Fleming,
 
 4:6 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Fleming, bishop of Lincoln, trans- 
 
 fcnrd bv pi'pe Martin to the 
 archbishopric of York, 11. note. 
 Prevented bv the dean and 
 chapter from entering the 
 church, ih. 'if.- transferred to 
 Lincoln by rescript of the same 
 pope, i!>, Was the founder of 
 Lincoln-college, 81. 
 Fnrwini, John, his donations to 
 Masidalen-collegc, Oxford, 132, 
 133. 
 
 Fartexcjie, sir John, one of the ex- 
 ecutors of Ralph lord Cruirlwell, 
 81. 
 
 fimndat ton-stone of Magdalen- col- 
 lege, Oxford, ceremony of sanc- 
 tifying it, 137. 
 
 Jar, Richard, joins the. party of 
 the earl of Richmond, IMS. 
 Made a bishop and lord pnvv- 
 seal, '211 \Vas a benefactor 
 to Magdalen-college, ib. Ob- 
 tain^ for that 
 of nun tmam, 
 between him 
 Ciaymond, 26 2. 
 l''t,r-l<iil, worn hv kins: Henry the 
 
 1'onrth as h>> coirni/.ance, K''J. 
 Trance, war\itb, lonn-continued 
 fit.fl expensive, -II. 06. 1'hiit 
 coimtrv disaffected to the admi- 
 nistration of Henry the Sixth, 
 62. The Kndish are cxpeilt/d 
 from thi. ir aneir-nt possessions 
 in lint country, 63 ; and a^aia 
 defeated therei 70, 71. 
 T> tni.'icijs. John, re-Ohlabiishrs the 
 lepers' hospiiul at Ricvnev, 1.V). 
 Friars-mendicants settled at Ux- 
 fortl, 97. '['heir intolerance, <!>. 
 1 heir arrogant j)!;-a. 93. 
 Controverted bv WieklitSe, ib. 
 Attempt to imderniiiie acade- 
 mical discipline, ib. Restrained 
 b\ parliament, ib. 
 
 Cjri'nrx of !irr/ard forbidden to the 
 btM.deiUs of Magdalen-college, 
 905. 
 
 Gt'dnmiiston, Jo';;i, a crrat. ;>!- 
 ihirer of tlie tine art 1 *, >'.). 
 sirocs of prcmi'tni;; i he -tti:,'v of 
 d;-i in.ly and philosophy, tie ?>:.:(!;> 
 
 n proper site for an edifice for a 
 Irterarv society, ib. Agrees 
 with Richard Vyse for the pur- 
 chase of divers lands and tene- 
 ments, .">('). Ignites his pur- 
 cliased premises by the name of 
 St. Marv Magdalen-hall, 51. 
 Delivers np possession of the 
 premises to the president of the 
 new society, i!>. 
 
 Godmanston, Simon, collated to 
 the church of iS utshullinsr, 40. 
 Appointed attorney to bishop 
 Wavnlk-te to take seisin of the 
 new hail of St. Mary Magdalen, 
 51. Was one of the seven ba- 
 chelors nominated to commence 
 the ne-.v society,//*. Appointed 
 to receive possession of St. John 
 Baptist's hospital, 93. Admit- 
 ted one of the three bachelors 
 of Magdalen-college, 95. 
 Gosmorc, Richard, succeeds to the 
 office of vice-president of Mag- 
 dalen-college, 258. 
 Grammar compiled by John Stan- 
 
 bi-yue, '-'51. 
 
 Gt'iumnuticu Norn, of John Lcland, 
 9. iifitc. Conjectures respect- 
 ing the time and place of its 
 1i'"-t imnrc^sion, !H9. 
 Crei'k authors (irst studied i'.i Italy, 
 9. (.ireek language stuflied in 
 lt;iiv prior to t!ie capture of 
 Cuiisrantiiiople, 267. The 
 knowledge of it generally d'.f- 
 fu^-ed after that r\eiit, il>. In- 
 trudncrd into I'.ii'Jtnid by Crro- 
 cynp, OGo. "i'lie studv of it at 
 Ov'ord opposed by the monks, 
 
 atjQ. 
 
 Gwek- professorship at Oxford 
 founded bv cardinal Vv'ulcy, 
 2TO. 
 
 Gi-t>r_>,, an excellent interpreter 
 of the Scriptures, 1'55. ^"isits 
 Italy, 208. Studies tiie r^-eck 
 li:.:!',uai'e at Florence, ;/. >\\ us 
 the :;r-it v\!io inlroduced that 
 tijiii'iie info Ki;ij!n-iri. ib. Ap- 
 pr>:-itc'-d to ri"-ad divinity-lectures 
 at sr. P.i:d's, Cif^. 
 
 (j :, ,/'".'.;/, i >:. Vv'isiinm, appointed 
 
 attornev o;i tiie part of Mair- 
 
 da'.en - cGiicge, to t:.ku seisin 
 
 of
 
 N D E X. 
 
 leath with a large army against 
 Kdward duke of York, o'9. Af- 
 
 " t'cctcd \vitli mental and bodily 
 
 I/'//, cardinal's : marine" of con- indisposition, 72. Attended at 
 
 fen-in" it, 127, l~ ; .b'. \Yliy of Windsor by a secret committee 
 
 a red colour. TJ8. of flic lor.]-, 7:3. 74. Recovers 
 
 /y<y ; ././/V, Gyibert, litigation be- from his indisposition, 77. Is 
 
 tween him and Thomas Da-'ers, wounded in battle with the duke 
 
 1 M ). of York, and taken prisoner, //'. 
 
 Hi- care and provision for the 
 future uood m>vernir<e!)t of his 
 two col!; LIC-, 7o. His .'*rcat 
 esteem for \Vayn1ete, ib. Or- 
 
 hospital ot St. John Baptist, oO, dams the celehrati >n of solemn 
 
 ','0. (\ 'lyres in his colleges for the 
 
 U, nrii t/:e St.rt/t projects the esta- toid of that prelate after his de- 
 
 blishment of a college at Eton, rea-e, 7.X Opens a parliament 
 
 ''!. \"i?its Vv'ykeliam's found;'.- at \\ 'otmin-.t- . r, 81, 82. Con- 
 
 tion in p; rson, '2j. Settles his ft rs o;i \VaynlIete the otlice of 
 
 J\MI C!>!!'"_e on the mo(iel of lord-cii inccll-ir, o3 1'romises 
 
 tiiat institution, il>. Apu'jiuts to aid \Vavnfleteinhisplan for 
 
 \Vaynllete one of the fellows, converting St. John Baptist's ho- 
 
 26. Himself laid the lii>>t stone ;-;>iral into a collciie, 01, f)"3. 
 
 of !i:s c')!ie<:e, '27. i''oimds .Makes bun h.s companion in 
 
 Km's-colle,ge at Cambridge, ib. bis ])rivate devotions, 05, Pb'. - 
 
 il's c'rcum-pecti' n in cede- J)o feats the duke of York and 
 -^asrical matters, K5.- Hi-'s dis- his confederates, 0(i. Attends 
 course with V.Vivnllcte, y.j.. a meeting of ihe parliament at 
 Ad 1 , mcc'S \Vnvr;;kle to the see Coventry, 07. Take >i prisoner 
 '/f \\"iiic!iester, .'14, :'jj>, '<:. I ! :s \,\ the r'uke 01' "\ ork, '!<',"). lie 
 U siaiiK'iirai'v provi-ion for lj;s captured by rjiieen Margaret, i!>. 
 liwii f.\o eol!( -ues, 4*2. Ins mo- Included with !n- qaeen m an 
 live i')r advancing '' avnileie to act of attaii:d( r, i!!(J v : i ;nitie- 
 tt;C mure, ib. ilc ceived the tu- to tlie pope his approbation ot 
 !M',n of Ins imeie i'Va'.itort at t';e C',-ndi;(;t of bi.-hop \\~ayn- 
 Queen's-coilei'c, O.\fni-d, 47. flete, 107, !0il. Dei'c-ated" in 
 I (is reply to \\'avnilct( 's soiici- iN.onluunbcriawl.Ho'. Obii^cd 
 Uiiioa in favonroflhe tmiver^-ity to live m roiiceaiment, //'. - 
 of Oxford, 4(j Is pr. - ;:t at iJetraved, and rnuvcv f ! to \.i\\~ 
 tLe !nsta.!!ati')n of \Vav:iilc-te, don in a dis2-''ucefni manner, ii. 
 o,'> lii'j eiiiot'on at bidding Confineni in the '1 o%vcr, ;/'. cc 
 Kim !((( ive iutlirunizatioii in 117. By hi-< piety and clemoij- 
 bis ~t :, ili. Takes up Ins re-:- c\ hu "fiins tlie aire.-'lK.i: of t'rj 
 'J-'-ie-e lit \Vinche-ster for .^o.'i.e people, 1-7; aiid the respect ot' 
 time, 57. His title to the. throne j his cnen.iei, 1 io. Cro\.iu_j 
 fseepi.oir-ibk-, (i'l. His aifuis r.uair,,iyu. A^aui d<'iivt.red up 
 jii r'r.tii' e ".-ear a ['' ei'in^ a>- to K.!\vard, anrl rcinaljderi to ttie 
 j r -t. ,/.. J-.mbai !-;s :n au expe- r . ( 'o'.v .-]. > l >. i;- there mm^.iei'ed, 
 di'.ion f,evo;-)d H-I-., o'o. i'lee-'j to 1'^J. liis inijnk'r r-aid to have 
 Ke.uihvorth for safety during Use Ijeen j>crpetral'ed bv Richard 
 insiirreLtion raised bv(.'ade.6;3. 'lu!:c of .vio.i..'--ter, 130. iJe- 
 
 Is ustK-ctfullv tii-;;icd at scriptiou of the dress tic had on 
 (.":j!iti.rburs' bv Waynflete and \vhenconductcdfromtheTuW- 
 tijt- archbishop, ib. lloids a '/r, y-U-. 
 
 rouncJi ;u the prio/'s chupU ikn>-j, call <;f Kiclirnvn:!, t.ikrs
 
 418 
 
 I N D E X. 
 
 refuse in Brittany, 212. Aided 
 by tlie duke ot' Buckingham, he 
 makes preparations against the 
 usurper Richard, '2 13. Defeats 
 and slays him in Bosworth-field, 
 ib. His coronation, 215. Vi- 
 sits Magdalen-college, 259, 
 His death, 200. 
 
 Jitnry the Eighth, a favourer of 
 Magdalen-college, 269. 
 
 Henry, prince, son of James the 
 First, visits Magdalen-college, 
 283. 
 
 IJuitc, John, teacher of Magdalen- 
 school, 2.5k Author of a gram- 
 mar, id. 
 
 Hoi-he, bishop of Winchester, vi- 
 sits Magdalen-college, 282. 
 A zealous puritan, it>. 
 
 Ilornfey, John, appointed presi- 
 dent of St. Mary Magdalen-hall 
 in Oxford, .51. 
 
 Hwes, Thomas, his controversy 
 respecting the \vill of sir John 
 r'astolff, 100. 
 
 Humphrey, the good duke of Glou- 
 cester, murdered, 32. V\ as an 
 encouragcr of learning, uml a 
 collector of bonks, -1C. Pre- 
 sents sever;d ho ks to the uni- 
 v er^ity of Oxford, i.l>. hounded 
 ,1 divinity-school ihcrr, 133. 
 
 Hump/treys, Dr.. president, of Ma-:- 
 dalcn-college, persecuted by 
 fjiiecn Mary, ^32. 
 
 IJijgden appointed ['resident of 
 'Wulcy's college, 270. 
 
 I. 
 
 ignorance, deemed a privilege! by 
 
 tiie nobility, ]?() Its r;e:icrnl 
 
 prevalence-, 121. 
 Images, the: ru-tom of jihscmg 
 
 them on ton.hs introduced i: to 
 
 England, 231. l^uiisiu-ei hy tiic 
 
 Reformation, 287. 
 Indenture !:et\vern the bishop of 
 
 Winchester uii-:i John \Vood- 
 
 hows, for lead to cover the new 
 
 buildings at Eton, 15i. 
 Jagledew, Thomas, his donations 
 
 to Magdalen-college, Oxford, 
 
 131, 132. 
 //<.,'. of court, the students of, 
 
 their animosities against <he er- 
 
 clesiastics, 1 !.-">. 
 
 Inthronization of a bishop, cere- 
 nujnyof, 55. Of an archbishop, 
 77. 
 
 Ivo, bishop of Chartrcs, his ma- 
 nuscript discourse on the solem- 
 nities of dedication, 135, 136. 
 
 J. 
 
 James the First visits Magdalen- 
 college. 283. 
 
 Jena' Harden at Oxford jrrantod by 
 Henry the Third to St. John's 
 hospital, 89. 
 
 Jc/nt's (St.) chapel converted into 
 chambers, 288. 
 
 Judges, ecclesiastical, distinguished 
 from the king's judges, 111. 
 
 Kew/;e,John, succeeds to the see of 
 Canterbury, 72. iii^ d atii, ib. 
 
 King's O/cViT, at (.':<mbrid(je, 
 founded by Henry the b.xth, 27. 
 Introduction of ;he statutes 
 for irs regulation, 2P-. 29. 
 
 King-maker, an :\pjj^-iL;l:on of the 
 u.reat carl of \\ ar.vick, 120. 
 
 Knee-sei"cice, 43. 
 
 Lancastrians <i< -footed 1 v the 
 Yorkists. 101, 105 Siain in 
 hcrip^, Id'J. Their \ arty extir- 
 pated. I5P. 
 
 Ltitin !anmiae, a; 1 essential part 
 of the studies of a u'-ib(;u m- 
 trnried for an ecclesiastic, P. 
 Ordered to he spei.en \\itiim 
 the college, 205. 
 
 I,(iti/iitcr siudits t!ie C. : rcc-k \;\n- 
 gnagc at I'adna, 2GB. Chosen 
 preceptor to Reginald Poic,269. 
 
 Laurence \Yillittni f!e Siti'twn, a;;- 
 th.or of a work cntitli 1 ;! Tn!'?it- 
 p/nts Amnris Domini -nuztii Jtsii 
 Chritii, 216, 217. 
 
 Lcitrnhig, its intlu< ncc clucked by 
 the war \\itli Francii, and the 
 pride of the sun', nor clergy, 44, 
 45. Bfiiins to be jenerally dif- 
 fused, 255 Advanced, on the 
 union of the houses of i oik and 
 Lanc;i:4er. 26'8. 
 
 Lectureships, in tlieology and phi- 
 losophy, instituted m Magdalen- 
 college, 201, 202. 
 
 Ldand.
 
 INDEX. 
 
 jiifland, or Leilonf, John, a pre- 
 ceptor at Oxford, 9. Author of 
 a New Grammar, ib. & note. 
 His death. 10. 
 
 Lepers hospital, near Winchester, 
 account of, 13, 19. 
 
 Li/>/f, preceptor to Dr. Colet/^GQ, 
 Composed the Latin Syntax, 
 270. His English Svntax. ib. 
 
 Lir.acer studies the Greek lan- 
 guage at Florence, 268. Clio- 
 sen preceptor to Reginald Polo, 
 969. 
 
 Litanies ordered to he used for the 
 tranquillity of church and state, 
 67. 124 
 
 Literati;/ e. polite, its low state in 
 England prior to the Kefornm- 
 tion, 9. 
 
 Liveries formerly worn, 121. 
 
 Lollardism, a ttnn^nsed to ex- 
 press the doctrines of \Yickiiffe, 
 84. 
 
 Londoners admit the rebel Cade 
 within their walls, 64 They 
 afterwards shut their gate 1 -, a- 
 i:ain:-t hnn, and attack and <Je- 
 ft at him, ib. 
 
 Lairds, spiritual, served on the 
 knee. ;:>. 
 
 JUn:ei/, lord Francis, asserts his 
 clann to tlic manor of F'ast- 
 Bridge ford, 79. 80. Proprietor 
 of the hospital at Brackley, 167. 
 Conveys tii.it hospital, with 
 the chapt-1 of V\ cinborouL'h. to 
 bishop \Vayn!;, tc. 108 Cre- 
 ated a visco-.mt, l'5'J. Kaisr.:-j; 
 an army agam'-t Henry the Se- 
 ^ enth, he is slain, tl. 
 
 Luffield priory, granted bv roval 
 licence to the president of 3-J ;;;.;- 
 d;deti-hall, 87. Account of its 
 foundation, ib. Falls into de- 
 cay. 88. Annexed to the con- 
 vent of Westminster, ib. 
 
 J.inttiardf, William, his dona- 
 tinn to Magdaien-college, 27,', 
 '273. 
 
 Lyndetcode, William, appointed to 
 dra.v up the statutes reu.tive to 
 KinuVcollt'^e and that of Eton, 
 
 Magdalen College, Oxford. history 
 
 of its institution, PI to 95. 
 The grants made to the college 
 by kh'.ir Henry, confirmed and 
 augmented by king Edward, 
 l'J9. Donations to the college: 
 of Thomas Indedew, 131, 132: 
 of John Forman, 132, 133. 
 Has the abbey of St. Florence 
 annexed to it, 134. Ceremony 
 of its dedication, 135, 136, 137. 
 Contract for enlarging the 
 buildings, 137. Visited by Ed- 
 ward the Fourth, 150. Has :he 
 hospital at Jlcmncy annexed to 
 it. lj'^. --Visited by Iiichard the 
 Third. 1(30, 16' 1. Its academical 
 privileges ratiiied by him, 162. 
 
 Has the hospital of Aynho 
 annexed to it, 166; and that of 
 Br.ickley. with' the chapel of 
 Vr'anboroiigh, 157, 168; and the 
 pj-iory of Seleburn, 178, 179. 
 further account of its founda- 
 tion and endowment, 183, &c. 
 
 General and particular regu- 
 lation? of the society, 199 to 
 ^09. Obtains a confirmation 
 of the letters patent of Henry the 
 Sixth and Edward the Fourth, 
 215. Vv'aynfietc's bequests to 
 the college, 219, 220. 222. 
 Proceedings there after Wavr- 
 fk'le's death. 252 & seq. Has 
 tfio priory of Seale reunited to it. 
 2.37 Its Lrcat tower built, 25H. 
 
 Visited by Henry the Seventh, 
 259. Obtains alicensc of mort- 
 rnaii), 261. lt~ foundation anti 
 statntc^ p:ej;:diccd bv reliiii.ju 
 Liiotry, 265. l ; urther account 
 of the state of the college and its 
 ?-.;. o'j!, 284 cc &]. lie!'ue.s sub- 
 mi.7sion to the parliamentary de- 
 le-ates, 290. 
 
 Md&dfiten-fiull, in Oxford ; nc- 
 count of its institution, 49, 50. 
 51, Cec. Grant for its founda- 
 ti( n. 49. The privileges attach- 
 ed to it, ib. Permitted to use a. 
 coaimon seal, ib. 
 
 ^Ianuscripts,i\\ijin\m&ted, enriched 
 w;t!i co c tlv ornaments, 190. 
 
 Margaret, of Aniou, queen ot 
 Henry the Sixth, sides with car- 
 dinal Beaufort, 32. Founded 
 Queen's-college at Cambridge. 
 2 Z2 4b.
 
 420 
 
 I N D E X. 
 
 48. iwle, Delivered of a prince 
 at Westminster,? l.~Rc-iiibtated 
 
 in power, 132. -Defeats the 
 Yorkists, and re-captures the 
 kiiii; her husband, 105.- Is af- 
 terwards defeated l>y the dnkc 
 of York, ib. Flees to Scotland, 
 106. - Attainted by parliament, 
 ;7). Ilavards another battle u itb 
 tiie Yorkists, and is aciain de- 
 feated, 1 lf>. Escapes with her 
 son Edward into Flanders, ib. 
 Joined in France bv the duke- 
 uf Clarence and the earl o! War- 
 wick, 1 10. .Makes a treaty wn li 
 them, ib. Consents on certain 
 conditions to Live her son in 
 jnarriuiiC to a daughter of the 
 (arl,;Y>. Lands at \Ycymoiiih, 
 122. Completely defeated at 
 Tewkesbnry, ib. Imprisoned, 
 123. Permitted to return 10 
 her native country, ii>. 
 
 Murgarct, daughter of lord Dayn- 
 court, tnarried to Ralph lord 
 Criimwell, 79. Her death, <6. 
 Buried :>.t I'alesir.'ie, oO. 
 
 Martin., pope, ineffectually en- 
 deavours to ra:se bUhop Fleming 
 to the archbibhoprie or York, 
 11. note. 
 
 Martins Life of Wykr.ham, ac- 
 count o!' it, 22, 2:5. mite. 
 
 Man/ Magdalen !;(>spitn! near Win- 
 chester, account of, lij, 10. 
 
 Mary Magdalen, the tutelar ;aii:t 
 of the edicLio at Oxford S'i tie- 
 nominated, oblations ' fcibiv her 
 iiiuiiir,, lou. note. Taken away 
 and sold, 281. 
 
 Mass, the celebration of, in Viag- 
 dalcT.-collppjc', :.9(3, 197, 19b. 
 
 Masses, |>ei;sioi!b for, how disposed 
 of at the llefonna'ion, 2b'2. 
 
 Maiif'tc, ll^hard, appointed [jresi- 
 dent of J-.li'.^daicn-.'oilej.e, 1-1.3. 
 Enters en his oiiice \\itl! the 
 accustomed eereinonies, 1 ;<j. 
 .Afldresses a thr sis to biS'/.ip 
 \Yav!jfiet(',l 19. --Admits V.- t\,':y 
 fc'lov, s, 156. Attends at U<e 
 co; o'.iiition of I [enrv i heSeventh, 
 21;". - Attci ds iiii.u ii on bishop 
 \\'i- '. !.!! t' 1 in his advancc'd auc, 
 217. l.a 1 -:- i!ie eonier-btone of 
 the "ircat touer of Iviagtlalcu- 
 
 college, 2,37. Entertains pnrce 
 Arthur at the college, 26'0. 
 Promoted to the see of Here- 
 ford, ib IJis dfath, ib. (How- 
 he was attended on his journey 
 to the founder of the eolleue. 
 276. ) 
 
 Merton College claims tithes, and 
 various privileges, from the so- 
 ciety of Magdalen-hall, 1-J3. 
 
 Millyngton, William, the first pro- 
 vost of Kine's-college, 27. 
 Displaced, ib. 
 
 Money, comparative statement of 
 its value in the reiirns of lienrv 
 VI. and 'piren Anne, 10. 
 
 Moretan, Dr. made bishop of Ely 
 bv knii: Edward the Fourth, 212. 
 Arrested by order of Richard 
 the Third, ib. F.scapes from 
 confinement, and flees to the 
 earl of Richmond, 213. -Ad- 
 vanced to the see of Cant'-T- 
 hury, 21-1. A benefactor to 
 Magdalen-college, //'. 
 
 j\i:-i t/iiiii/ii, licen-i's of, granted to 
 \Vavnih te\ roiu,!_e, 12'J Oh- 
 tamed for iSJaiidalen-collese by 
 bW>op Fox. 2o'l. 
 
 Mtim'tiit appointed vice-president 
 of Coruiis-Chnsu-collciie, 262. 
 
 Mutuuni I'lirtnan, or Fonnan's 
 chest, l.iJ. 
 
 \ T 
 
 AVmVwe, or Vainona, a Roman city, 
 160. 
 
 Nc< >\i>nancy, 121. 
 
 2\\\'>ji'/ } (Jcoiue; advice of council 
 for st-nd::ij; a letter to the pope 
 lor !;;- promotion to the episco- 
 pal uisj.iry, H2. 
 
 JVfi< Co/fcce, in Oxford; bishop 
 \V a v:it; k ' !<_'.: bequests to that so- 
 cictv, 220. 
 
 T'.tfc Ci-i.ihi/''tr, of the Latin IHM- 
 jrua^e, VM-itcen l.iy John Leilout, 
 0. 1 si.fi at \'\ ykt'hiiiu's school, 
 and at F.ton, 16. 
 
 j\'7cv' ;;/...< (", : f Fij'lh, pope, an en- 
 conr,iu( r of learnmi:, 30. Sanc- 
 tion.s the election i-t' \Vavnllete 
 to the see of Winchester, -JO. 
 
 l^ni-rttiJtiils tolerated by papal 
 dispensation, 45.
 
 I X D E X. 421 , 
 
 Norfolk, John duke of. emits the P<i!run>nnic appellations, remarks 
 abbey or' St. Florence to bishop rc?pt-^tiiu:, 11, 1'?. 
 
 Waynflete, 134. Pa/ ten, a patronymic appellation 
 
 A T r/f/y invaded by the French of the family of Waynflete, 1, '2. 
 
 Arm.s of the family, 30. 
 Patten, \\ iliiain ; see Wayiiflcle. 
 PtitU'it, Richard, lather of bishop 
 Wayr.llete, 1. Called indif- 
 Okits, quarterly, ordained bv bi- i'erentlv I'arbonr or Patten, lb. 
 
 shop Waynllete for himself, 193: The orthography of his 11:11110 
 
 and for . several other persons, ./>. unsettled, '2. Traditi .11 rc- 
 
 iVjoo. Performed tor the bi- spt'rting the illegitimacy of his 
 
 5,-hop, 22o. birth eoiifhtcd, 15. Ciinvntiy 
 
 Ox/el/iorjic, O\\en, crowns <juccn n ported to have been a mer- 
 
 Kii7abeth, 282. chant, //>. His marriage and 
 
 O/'fJiam, litiiih, hi-hup of K\eter, issue, 4. His death, '241. His 
 
 instituted a seminary at .'>ian- bmv.il, //*. His monumental 
 
 clicstcr, 254. nute. ' etHiiy, 'J 1'J, 'J ;3. 
 
 0/;r : r, !)r. president of Maiidalei:- Fattta, .foiin. the year of his 
 college, i-jictcci by t!;C' parl:a- birth not kiiown, -1. H;s edu- 
 
 nient. '..';> i j. catii.'ii, oL ) .--A? s !inii'S ll:e r.air.e 
 
 Oi.'i' iiir.tric:tion, t!;e rii'dinm of \Vavnfletc, (6. \Va* de;;n of 
 
 thru;^ 1 ! \\ iiieh iearniii i \as lor- (..'hich;--..ter, ib. iS: '2;',(>. Ap- 
 
 nieriv acquired, <?o 5 pointed chaplain to his brother 
 
 Orslu/crd, \\ illiam, enters into a tiie bishop, ib. Collated to the 
 
 contract with bishop Waynflete, archdeaconry of Surrey, 5;>. 
 
 lor completing tiie binUlin^s of Made bachelor of canon-lavv, zi. 
 
 Masjdaler.-cohige, 1'i?. ijl. IJis petition to the con<jrci;a- 
 
 Ostrich-fiii'hcr, worn by prince tion of regents granted, ol. 
 
 ]lis several preferments, ib. 
 Examined, to prove the seals of 
 his chapter, 151. His death, 
 'J 10. -iii.s monumental eliiL'v, 
 ','13, -14. 
 Palace, episcopal, of \Vinchcster, Patle,i, Richard, of Baslowe, 248, 
 
 ].- am lent situation, (}(). note. '' 49. 
 
 !'<..., tiie uniixr^irv of', break- off P^c, Thomas, of Thornley, 248, 
 its eoimexion with tiiat of Ox- '-' 30, C,')0. 
 
 f iri!, K"). Puiii t/u ^Ci'oiif', pope. I'eyfkes and 
 
 Parlsi.mi -ti liolden at Winchester, ai;ii'.ds a ball of pope IV.:*, 114. 
 
 o;j. AtVVcstininstcr 0'9. !!1,!]'2. Sends the cardinal's hat to 
 
 Sii:n:!.ont(i to mee! at'.'oyen- the arehl;i-!,t;p of Canterbury, 
 try, !<;, ()7. Con.-ritutes the l'-i7. 
 
 il;,';e of York heir-jppaivnr to J'tri/c/;, Reginald, admitted to 
 !'!< crin\n. and lord-protector, church-orders by bishop Flern- 
 
 lu;): and declares Ijimkinsr, 106. in;:-, 11. invei^iis against the 
 
 r'ronouiices lihii an u>'jrj;er luxury and pride of the superior 
 nr.-.i traitor. 1'JO. cier^y, 42. Succeeds in txei- 
 
 Ps/{/;j, sir John, i::s contrnyersy tins; the popular indignation 
 
 re^'.'C tin:: the ^:il i.-f sir John against t!;e episeopaey, 43. 
 
 1 ;'r?tohf. 1<>(). ('o'imiitted to Ikeomes a convert to tiie doo 
 
 pn-on t'or rei'u-iiig to ji^n a re- 
 lease, 102. 
 
 I'aft a, John, master of a vessel 
 
 (>j, 'Jn tnc death of his p:,lron 
 tiie
 
 423 
 
 I N D E X. 
 
 the duke of Suffolk, he declines 
 in the public favour, ib. Or- 
 dered to quit London, ib. Cited 
 to appear before certain of the 
 bishops, ib. Sentenced to wit- 
 ness the destruction of his books, 
 and otherwise disgraced, ib. 
 His death, ib. 
 
 Peter de Rupibus, bishop, founded 
 the priory of'Seleburn, 176. 
 Special collect used on his anni- 
 versary, 198. 
 
 Pikes ; shoes made with them for- 
 bidden to be worn by the stu- 
 dents, ccc. of Magrialen-col'cjie, 
 206. The length of the pikes 
 restricted by royal proclamation, 
 ib. note. & 247. 
 
 Pilgrims; a vessel kept for trims- 
 porting them to foreign parts, 
 13. 
 
 Pius the Second, pope, cor firms 
 the appropriation of Eton-col- 
 lege to the royal chapel of 
 Windsor, 113. Flis bull an- 
 nulled by pope Paui, 114. 
 
 Pluralist* tolerated by papal dis- 
 pensation, 4a. 
 
 Pope (the) claimed the disposal of 
 all ecclesiastical preferments, 
 38. Appointed the English bi- 
 shops by provision. 41. As- 
 sumed the power of bestowing 
 ecclesiastical benefices, 4 r >. 
 His usurped power, the bane of 
 learning, ib. 
 
 .Pope, Thomas, the founder of 
 Trinity-college, '254. nofc. 
 
 Portcullis inserted among the em- 
 blems of the crown by Henry 
 the Seventh, 122. 
 
 Portingion, one of the executors 
 of Ralph lord Crumnrll, 81. 
 
 Prtemunire, statute of', 1 14. 
 
 Prayers used by the socii tv of 
 Magdalen-college, \ 95. '1 heir 
 titles,//*, note, Particular times 
 of their celebration, 196, 197. 
 
 Preferments, ecclesiastical, dis- 
 posed of by the pope, 38. 
 
 Printing, the art of, established in 
 England, 188. Carried on bv 
 Caxton in Westminster-abbey, 
 189. 
 
 Priories converted into residences 
 for husbandmen, 282. 
 
 Procession, solemn, of the clergy/ 
 ordered to be made, 7o. 124. 
 
 Provisory, sf.-.tntc of, 114. 
 
 Provost of Eton-college ; cere- 
 mony of admitting Wayoflete 
 to that ornce described, 28, 2&. 
 
 Prutt, 259. 275. 
 
 Q. 
 
 Queen's College, in Cambridge, 
 founded by Margaret, queen of- 
 Henry the Sixth, 48. note. 
 
 Runby, in Lincolnshire, the church 
 of, erected by Ralph lord Crum- 
 well, 80. The church exempt 
 from ecclesiastical jurisdiction, 
 81. 
 
 Red hat, or dignity of a cardinal,, 
 conferred on archbishop Bour- 
 chier, 127. 
 
 Reformation) the ; warmly rpou- ed 
 bv the societies of Oxford, 281. 
 
 Jfcgig/erofMagdulen-college, time 
 of its cormiK-M'cemes?, 265. 
 
 Regu/ations of Magdalen -college, 
 detail of, 199 to 209. 
 
 lis/ics, and other images of Ro- 
 man-cathclic superstition, abo- 
 lished by tlie Reformation, 281, 
 232. 
 
 Retinues, pompous, of tlie spiri- 
 tual lords, 4:5. 
 
 Richard the Third said to b;r. > 
 assassinated k;ng Henry ?hv 
 Sixth and prince Edward !;;s 
 son, Ia9. Murders his own 
 kindred, and usurps the throne, 
 ib. Crowned with his quee;., 
 ib. note. Issues proclamations 
 for the reformation of manners. 
 z'.~- Visits Masidalen - college, 
 160, 161, 162.' Arrests Jh. 
 Moreton, 212. (.'onlirmed ii.> 
 the possession of the crov> n 
 through the failure of an insur- 
 rection against hini,ifc. Having, 
 as was conjectnied, poisoned 
 his wife, he resolves to espouse 
 
 his niece, 213. Applies to 
 
 Waynflete and others for money,, 
 ib. Defeated and slain by the 
 earl of Richmond in Bosworth- 
 field, ib. 
 
 Rubtj, lined with sables, given by 
 Edward
 
 I N D K X. 
 
 Edward the Fourth to the cap- 
 tain who conveyed him to Hol- 
 land, 246. A garment in ge- 
 neral use formerly, ib. 
 
 Roman and Greek authors first 
 studied in Italy, 9. 
 
 Rumney, the chantry of, annexed to 
 Magdalen-college, 152, 153. 
 Account of its original founda- 
 tion, 153. 
 
 Roses, red and white, the distin- 
 guishiii'j: badges of the houses 
 of York and Lancaster, 65. 
 The contests attain their greatest 
 height, 105, 106. Dismal pic- 
 ture of the times durim_ r the 
 struggles of the parties, 211. 
 The duke or" Buckingham forms 
 .i,e plan of b : eii'l:;!g the two 
 roses into one, 212, ["he fcuu.i 
 decided liv tiie batik of Bos- 
 worth-iicid, 2 13. T elve pitched 
 battles hud taken place between 
 the parties. 213. 
 
 Salisbury, the earl of, made lord- 
 chancellor of England, 75.-- -Ho 
 and liis confederates govern the 
 nation, 81. .-him in liattic, 105. 
 
 Scales, lord, commander of an ex- 
 pedition against the French, 4 ; 
 103. Sei.ds a detachment of 
 the Tower-garrison to assist the 
 Londoners against the rebel 
 Cade, 64. Engaged under the 
 earl of Warwick in the siege of 
 Pontor*on, '239. 
 
 Scholars, of Oxford, reduced to 
 beggary, 45. 
 
 School at Waynflcte, description 
 of, 171, 17'J, 173. 
 
 Schwartz, Christopher, designer of 
 the ornamented window in the 
 chapel of Magdalen-college, 138. 
 note. 
 
 Sctence, liberal, neglected for scho- 
 lastic disputations, 8. 
 
 Sciences, liberal, checked bv the 
 baneful effects or civil-war, 148. 
 
 Scripture, holv, the mother of all 
 knowledge, 2ul . 
 
 Sculpture, tuc art of, encouraged 
 in England alter the introduc- 
 tion of tiie custom of placing 
 linages on tombs, 231. 
 
 Scale priory granted to the White 
 I- riars ot short ham, y.56.-- Again 
 united to Magdalen-college, ib. 
 
 Segremesaell, 60. 
 
 St'lcbt/rn, priory of, founded by 
 Peter lit- Rupibus, 170. A n'- 
 nex( d to Magdalen-college, 17G, 
 179. 
 
 Sepulchres, consecration of, 233. 
 
 Sever, provost of King Henry's col- 
 lege at Eton, 1 2G. 
 
 S/iotn with pikes forbidden to be 
 worn by the students, &e. of 
 Magdalen-college, 206. 247. 
 
 Shrewsbury, the earl of, slain in 
 battle, 70. 
 
 Suit'//, \\ ilha'.n, bishop of. ap- 
 pointed by \YaynHete to hold 
 L'OIILT:'.! ordinations in his die- 
 cese, 120. 
 
 Sir; cieiyvnier; formerly SO Styled, 
 
 it't . 
 
 Si.i-;its the Fourth, pope, declares 
 t:.e archbishop of Canterbury a 
 cardinal, 127. 
 
 Somerset, tiie duke of, surrenders 
 Cam, 63. Hi-, removal peti- 
 tioned for in parliament, 69. 
 \\'as one of the sponsors to 
 
 prmtv Edward, 7i. Sent to 
 
 the Towtr, I'l. 77. Released 
 thence bv royal warrant, 77. 
 Is slain, ib. 
 
 Sui'.i.'ucarii (or Winchester} park, 
 account of, 66. nute. 
 
 St. Florence abbev, in France, an- 
 nexed to Magdalen-college, 133, 
 134. 
 
 St. Jo/at Raptist's hospital at Ox- 
 ford, account of it, o9. Dona- 
 tions of Henry the Third to that 
 hospital, ib. (.V 90, 91. United 
 to -Ma^dalen-ha!l, 92, 93, 94.-- 
 lt> buildings enlarged, 135. 
 
 St. Mu>y Mugji'/ett ciiapel, de- 
 scription of, 233, 234. 
 
 SitiCiC, John, tried, tortured, and 
 put to death, on an imputation 
 of necromancy, 121. 
 
 Stuitibery, J )im, deprived of the 
 
 bi>hopiic of Norwich, 33. 
 
 Obtains that of Bangor, ih. 
 
 Stanbryge, John, master of Mag- 
 dalen-school, 25 i. Compiled 
 the Grammar bearing his name. 
 ib. 
 
 Stan-
 
 I N D E X. 
 
 Stanhryge, Thoma"*, r,-,a?ter of thu 
 school . it Banbury, 25 1. of. 
 
 Statutes rekiiivc to \\vkeha. n's 
 school, (>. Mariner of intio- 
 ihiciiii: tlioic for King's-college 
 and riif- royal coliet-e at Eton, 
 28, 29. Statutes ol' Provides 
 and 1'iv.Mmtiiiri-, 114. '1'lie on- 
 filial copy of bishop Waynflete's 
 statutes lost, 163. Statutes nf 
 Corpus- Christ] -college, 26J, 
 263. 
 
 Stil/yngtori, Tlolwrt, surntds bi- 
 shop Bcivyiiuton in the see of 
 I5ar.fi ami \\ ciis, .1 17. Att< nil-, 
 in his oiiiee oi lord-chancellor, 
 nt the conn n mg of the mainly 
 o;' cardinal on aiv!<bj-;iop Bour- 
 ciner, 12?. 
 
 Sti'iw, (lunation for the purchase 
 of, for the prisoners at Oxford, 
 264. 
 
 Subsidy granted to the king, to en- 
 able him to repel the Scots, 115. 
 
 Surname, paternal, of a. spiritual 
 man changed to that of the 
 place where he was horn, 11, 12. 
 
 Surnames not fixed and ascertain- 
 ed, in former tunes, 1 : and their 
 orthography unsettled, 2. 
 
 Syntax, Latin, composed by Lilye, 
 and altered by Erasmus, 270. 
 
 T'.wf.r, wit'i hells, prerteri over 
 the oratory of Winchester-col- 
 lege, 5!?. 
 
 Tw>r, I. e inenr, of Majrdalen- 
 coi!eL.e, '.I7it. '.''1. 
 
 T retail, balt.f of, fiesrribod. 106. 
 
 I" 1 / f'/s?fw, deposited in the t ; )\\fT 
 of AJasidaleii-coilegej discovery 
 o)', y;M. 
 
 Tri ui.n/ Coi/ttrp, founded by Thomas 
 Pope. 2.M. note. 
 
 T'/btirilt', \\'i!liani, appointed pre- 
 'siile.it of MasidaicM.-eolle^e, 93. 
 Appoints !)r. Gytiord to take 
 seisin of the abbey of St. Ho- 
 reiife, 1 .'!-!. i)epos!ls the fir-t 
 stone of t .'H 1 eoiir'e, 13? .His 
 cleat ii, 1 !.'). 
 
 Unhwsity, of Oxford, lamenting 
 
 its eM.pty halls and inns, 41.- 
 .Sohriis archbishop Bourchier to 
 ri-?i^t t!ie pope's usurped power, 
 45. ---Its connexion \vith the 
 university of Paris broken otT, 
 45. Solicits the interposition 
 of ti;e bishop of Lincoln, 1-18. 
 
 Ta^s/fa/r, in Lincolnshire ; a col- 
 
 lege founded there by Ralph 
 lord Cruimvcll, SO. 
 
 Thomus of Markbergh first intro- 
 duced into England the custom 
 of placing images on tombs, 231. 
 
 Thai btru, liobfrt,!!ppoints\Villiain 
 NVayiitleie teaciier of \\ykt- 
 hamV school, 15. 
 
 Tlniriarii, warden of Winchester- 
 college, resigns his otiicc, 5o, 
 His grant of lands to the college, 
 59, ---.Founded the oratory ot' th.e 
 coHc'tic, DO Device on the roof 
 in aihi.'-Kin to his naine, //. 
 
 Ttbeiot, earl of Uuu:e>t:r, be- 
 headed, 120. ---- Llis cliaracter, 
 
 Tali/, iiol;ert, bishop of St. David's, 
 
 of Magdalen - college, Oxford, 
 
 Vi?r for Vi/se}, Richard, master of 
 .St. .lo'ini Baptist's hospital, 50. 
 His agreement with John God- 
 iiianston re.^perlmg lands, eke. 
 for the sice of St. Mary Ma^da- 
 len\ hall, id. Receives an an- 
 ntial pension from Magdalcu- 
 coUe^e, 94. 
 
 \V. 
 
 IVaHer, sir \Vii!ia:;i, brrnks open 
 the cathedra! i>f Winchester, 
 2o!>, 2 r H). 
 
 }V!;,il>/,rf!,!.j!, t!ir charel oi', an- 
 nexed to .MaSidaleseoile'je, 1 (:3. 
 
 l]~<iririck, the. earl of, !/;na-; a great 
 aocendancy over tlie nation, ol. 
 Seeks iiifi'iLvluaiiy to br'mu; 
 the- Lariensrriiins to a ronltr- 
 c-nrr,104 Ki < ? to i'ranc* .'and 
 makes a rrrat v u-ir!i queen ,\!iir- 
 garet, 119. btipulatcs 'or the 
 luarriaice
 
 I X D E X. 
 
 425 
 
 inarria^e of the prince her son 
 to one of his daughters, ib. 
 Is slain. \W. 
 
 Waynflete, various modes of spell- 
 ing the name, 13. 
 WAYNFI.I;TE, (or ]}urbor or Put- 
 ten,} William, bishop of V\ m- 
 chester, CYC. his paternal de- 
 scent, ]. The report of his 
 low extraction confuted, 3 
 Tiie precise year of his birth 
 not ascertained, 4. Educated 
 at Wvkcham's school, 5, 6. 
 itixed at Oxford, 7. Commend- 
 ed by Budden for his applica- 
 tion to study, ib. His attain- 
 ments in polite literature. 9, 10. 
 Supposed to have studied un- 
 der John Leland, ib Mis pro- 
 trressin the orders of the Romish 
 church, 10. Assumes the name 
 of Wayutlete in lieu of Harbor 
 or Parten. ib. His oriima'ioii.s, 
 i'u. oc 1!. Appointed teacher of 
 Wykeham's schoo 1 , 15 Has 
 the mastership and chantry of 
 St. Mary Magdalen coutenvd 
 on him, '20. H;s friendship 
 v.ith ni'-n of eminence, yi, 1'x.'. 
 (jams tiie uood esteem of 
 kinq Henry the Sixth, '2-1. Re- 
 moved bv tlic kiiiii to Elon-col- 
 leue, ''^.), 26. Made pr.uost of 
 that colicij:--, ?8. Ceremony of 
 lus admission to that otnce, 
 %S. y J. His arms described, 
 30, 31 His familiai' conversa- 
 tion \\itli tho kiiiii, ol. y\d- 
 vanced to the sec of Winchester, 
 36, 37. Makes h;s profession 
 of obedience to the archbi- 
 shop, and is consecrated, 40 
 Receives the spn ;; uaities, a. id 
 bold; hii iii'st -jeneral ordm.i- 
 tion, 41. Made superiiitend- 
 ant in the completion ot km^ 
 Henry's Lwo coii'.'ues, 4':.'. liis 
 humiiitv and mocleration, 4o. 
 
 t!ie forlorn condition of the 
 university of Oxford, and seeks 
 to improve it, 45, 4.6, 47. His 
 character in his new dignity, 46. 
 Obtains the roval iirant for 
 founding a hall for the study of 
 divinity and philosophy at Oi- 
 
 ford, 49 Constitutes Simon 
 Godmanston his attorney, to 
 take seisin of the said hall in 
 his name, 51. Appoints his 
 brother John one of ins chap- 
 lains, 5- ; and advances linn to 
 the archdeaconry of Snrry, 53. 
 
 Account of his installation, 
 5 K 55. His liberality on the 
 occasion, if. Solemni7.es at 
 Winchester the profession of se- 
 veral nuns, 56. Gains political 
 consequence, ib. Appoints 
 proxit-s to attend the convoca- 
 tion of the cleriiv at London, ib. 
 
 Performs divme services at 
 Winchester before the kin^, 57. 
 Issues hi- mandate for vi-ita- 
 tion of the college at Wmches- 
 ter, ib. His birant of water to 
 the college, 60; and of a piece 
 of szround for a gunien, //;. 
 
 Holds another visitation of 
 the society, 61. Requires the 
 clergy and laitv ot' his diocese to 
 jirav for the welfare of the kinjf 
 and the reahn ; C;3. Summoned 
 to attend a council in the Tower, 
 64. Holds a conference w;th 
 t ; :e rebel C'ade and his associ- 
 ates, 65. Receives kitm Henry 
 wit.i iireat respect at Canter- 
 bp.rv, if). Be si ms to he uneasy 
 in his situation through sn?pi- 
 c-ion oi" the designs '.>f tiie "\"ork- 
 i-.t.s, 66. 1'cstjfies his canonical 
 obtainment of his bisiujjji'ic, ib. 
 
 .\ppeals to t''C pope, and 
 ciamis the protection of the 
 court of Canterbury, 67. Is- 
 sues his mandate for litanies to 
 be used within Ins diocese for 
 the t'-aiicjuillitv of the church 
 and state, th. From St. A I ban's 
 he issues f. commission ibr the 
 visitation of his diocese, 63, 
 Occupied in arduous business 
 concerning the kinir and ti;tr 
 realm, 6i) Sent bv the kin;; to 
 confer with tiie duke of Yon-:, 
 ib. !!y his pn:denc advice the 
 public tranquillity is restonxi, 
 70. Officiates as sponsor at the 
 confirmation of prince Edward 
 71. Appointed tutor to the 
 prince, ib. Made lord In^ii 
 
 chancellor
 
 chancellor oi England, >b. & 83. 
 Attends the inthrouization of 
 the archbishopof Canterbury ,72. 
 
 Sent nt the head of a secret 
 committee with a deputation 
 
 to the king at Windsor, 73. 
 Reports to the house the pro- 
 ceedings of the committee, 71. 
 
 Several acts of the council 
 subscribed by him, 70'. Attends 
 at the inthronization of arch- 
 bishop Rourcliier, 77. The 
 kind's great esteem for him, 78. 
 --Obtains an ordinance for the 
 celebration of solemn obsequies 
 lor h;.s soul after ins decease, 79. 
 
 Enfeoifed in the manors of 
 Candlesby and Boston, &c. ib 
 Appointed one of the executors 
 ct' Ralph lord C'rumwcll, 81. 
 Description of his arms in the 
 windows of Tateshale church, 
 ifi. Subscribes the writ for 
 holding a parliament, ^. Per- 
 sonally interested in several 
 state-concerns. 82. Presides at 
 the examination of Pecock the. 
 re-lorn er, 85. Confers the ma- 
 nor of \Vike on his college, f>7. 
 Converts Magdalen hall into 
 a college, 91, 92, 9.!, 9 I, 95. 
 Selected by the king as his com- 
 panion in iiis private devotions, 
 96. Makes a notable harangue 
 ;>t the opening of the parliament 
 at Coventry, ?. Cains the de- 
 cision of pai liaiiieiit in favour of 
 Oxford airainst. the encroach- 
 ment-, of the .Mendicant-friars, 
 9??. Closes the session of par- 
 liament, ib, Flow he became 
 acquainted with sir John Fas- 
 tolff, 101. Dissents from the 
 vio'ent counsels of his party, ib, 
 
 Delivers the great silver seal 
 to the kins:. 105. Obtains a full 
 pardon of ;dl misdemeanors, ib. 
 i\ 1(7. Ills conduct approved 
 bv the kini:, and by him atteM:- 
 ed in writing to the pope, 108. 
 
 His sorrow for the misfor- 
 tunes of his roval master. 109. 
 Situation uf his affairs at the 
 commencement of the reign of 
 Eduard the Fourth, ib. cc 110. 
 - V\ hv !:<> was not persecuted 
 
 by Edward, 110. Dispute be- 
 twixt him and some of his te- 
 nants referred to the king, 1 1 J. 
 His circumspection in pre- 
 serving au inoffensive conduct, 
 116. His interviews wii.li king 
 Henry \vbile ronfincd in the 
 Tower, 118. Acknowledged by 
 Henry to have been a true liege- 
 man, and his misdemeanors re - 
 milled, ii. His deep affliction 
 for the loss of his royal patron, 
 1'23, VI \ 1 u/ceives a grant of 
 pardon from king Edward, 124. 
 Orders processions and lita- 
 nies in his diocese, ib. Pre- 
 vented from holding his general 
 ordinations, 125. Resumes tiic 
 holding of ordinations, 126. 
 Makes an inquisition into the 
 state of the monastery of St. Pe- 
 ter de Hyde, ib. Causes the 
 abbot to he banished, 127. 
 Swears feaitv to prince Edward, 
 tt>. Places the cardinal's hat on 
 the head of archbishop Bour- 
 chicr, 128. Attends the court- 
 solemnities, ib. Well received 
 by king Edward, 129. Enlarges 
 the buildings of St. John's hos- 
 pital, 1">5 Contracts with 
 
 Willliam Orchyerd for finishing 
 the tower, ccc. 137 Receives 
 the thanks of the university of 
 Oxford for his interference in 
 .support of their franchises, 1 10, 
 111. Visits hi-i college in p< r- 
 011, 149 .Makes large contri- 
 butions for perfecting the build- 
 ings of Eton-college, 153, !ol. 
 OthYintrs at the interment of 
 kmu; Edward, l.~>o. Repairs to 
 Oxford for the entertainment of 
 king Richard the Third, lo'O. 
 Delivers his statutes to the so- 
 ciety, 102.- Prepares a place of 
 refuse for them during the pes- 
 tilence at Oxford, 165. Enters 
 into a covenant with the earl of 
 Arundel for annexing the hospi- 
 tal atAynhotoMagdalen-college, 
 166'. Erects a school and cha- 
 pel in his native: town, 170, 171. 
 The advowson of Slimbridtu/ 
 and Findon vested in him, 175, 
 Resolves to found the college
 
 I N D E X. 
 
 427 
 
 of St. Mary Magdalen at Oxford, 
 183. His statue and motto, 184, 
 185. Epigram in commenda- 
 tion of him. prefixed to Li land's 
 Grammar, 189. note. Appoints 
 the respective officers of the so- 
 cietv. and establishes rules for 
 its -overnment, 191 to 210. 
 Ordains quarterly obits for him- 
 self, 198 Institutes a lecture- 
 ship in theology and philosophy 
 in Ins college-, '201. His libera- 
 lity in the endowment of his 
 college unparalleled, 209. Re- 
 duced to poverty Ly his munifi- 
 cence, '210. Advances money 
 to kino Richard, 213. Greatly 
 favoured by him, 214. Recapi- 
 tulation of the various steps bv 
 which his institutions ripened 
 i.ito maturity, 215, 216. Pre- 
 pare- for his departure out of 
 life. 2 IT. His will, 218 to 222. 
 Hi- death, 22(3. Ilis burial, 
 227. -Hi* character, 229, 230. 
 His sepulchre, 233. De- 
 scription of his tomb mid monu- 
 mental ctn^y, 237, 238. His 
 portrait and anus in a window 
 '.f Croyland church, 2-i 1. Par- 
 ticular account of his cni'jy, 2 4-1. 
 215, 246. ilis kind nccp;;on 
 of Kmumiel, a knight of the 
 sioldu! ci -i );>, 2G7. Provided a 
 masu r and u-!ier tor teacliii>ir 
 the rudiments of the Greek lan- 
 guage in his college, 203. -His 
 citify defaced dv tiie rebel armv 
 under sir Wdmim Waller, 28 '. 
 
 II uyiijteU , John; see Pat ten, John. 
 
 ! I itjt"//'< it', John, his sermon-,, ''. 
 
 Waynjlflc, William and J,/!m. en- 
 tries in the Lincoln rtgi-ter n - 
 spec-tin:: them, ID note: rind 
 see p. 16 and 17. 
 
 iUj/'V/tYf, the toxvn, de.-cii; 
 of, 169. 170. "Vhool and' 
 pel erected there bv hi- 
 Wuvmiore, 171. 
 
 \\elby, Joan, the legacy s'tr re- 
 ceived from bi.-.!io,j \\"avntlete, 
 221. 
 
 II ci-'bun/, William, collated to the 
 mastership of >t. Cross, ;30. 
 Opposes the union of Eton-col- 
 iege to the royal chape! of Wind- 
 
 sor, 113. Succeeds in gaining 
 the authority of parliament for 
 the renewal and establishment 
 of the college, 114. 
 
 While Friars' convent at Shore- 
 hum destroyed by an inunda- 
 t'on, 2.36 Thev obtain the- pri- 
 ory of Scale, ib. 
 
 IV/iittinglun, Robert, author of a 
 treatise of grammar, 254. note. 
 
 Whittle, or knife, formerly worn, 
 213. 
 
 Wickliffe, his tenets branded with 
 the appellation of Lollardism, 
 8-1. His controversy with the 
 Friars-mendicants, 98. Cen- 
 sured tiie scandalous lives of the 
 monastic clergy, 182. 
 
 H i,\c, the manor of, in Berkshire, 
 granted to Ma<_dalen-hull. 87. 
 
 Wilkinson, Dr., appointed pre-d- 
 dent of .Magdalen-college, 290. 
 Disc-overs the treasure repo- 
 sited by the founder 292, 293. 
 
 Will of 'bishop \Vaynfiete, 218, 
 219, \-c. 
 
 1! i/Hutti 6/t BruififHi, lii? donation 
 to the abbey of St. Florence. 
 133. 
 
 Wtilntm Jf la pule, duke i,f Suf- 
 iolk, supposed to have been 
 concerned ;u the. murder of 
 Iluiuplirey duke of Gloucester. 
 32. Tried for high-treason. 
 wavlaid, and murdered, 63. 
 
 It inciiistiT cathedral, spoiled of 
 its decorations b\ the rebel arm v 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 /c.vr, c'lajj 
 Ivlv.ard the l- 
 }\ (h'dhazt'S, his 
 
 lead for Eton-college, j 
 ]} o'jnda, the live, of Ciir 
 mish mass m commeu 
 or', 171. 
 
 linal, 
 
 VI- 
 
 \\ inchester-colle^e burdensome 
 and expensive to the society, 61. 
 Said to have budt the ^reat 
 tower of Magdalen-college, 259. 
 271. Educated at Oxford, 265, 
 Made bachelor of arts at fif- 
 teen
 
 :, 
 
 teen years of use, z'S. Admitted 1! 
 
 to a vacant living in the diocese 
 of Norwich, !2o'o. l.iis Epigtlr 
 Vo Lilye's Kutaisi) Syntax, and 
 directions for !i;s school at Ips- 
 wich, 'J70. Founded the 'first 
 Greek-professorship at Oxford, 
 ti. Vindicated from the charge 
 of unjustly obtaining pecuniary ]t 
 supplies towards bnndmsr the 
 to'.-.erof Magdalen-col]ej:e,27l, ]! 
 
 K i;-colir:>e, ?73. Made- s;-ni:>r 
 [ni'sar, L'74. -Instituted to me 
 living of Lyuiiniiton, ''27 j II 
 I'.Jade dean of divinity, 'J<0'. 
 Ibis the oi'fiee of providing the 
 ijvery worn by the; sonct v. /;. 
 Ills expenses oi! those ocea ; 'ous, 
 ii>. iv: 277. (iiuts ihe college, 
 '21i\. Comes (then cardinal) 
 nan qnce'i (..'iil'harine to ()\- 
 i'oi-d ./'(. i 'necii.nvcs of hi* en- 1 
 tcrtaiiiirient, ii>. Appoints HyL- 
 ('i-,i dean of Ins college, 1 2~\). 
 j lis reat preeminence * eh'ireh }' 
 ;LIH! state, ib. \ in, healed froii 
 the ehanie of ievi*"/, and jiuino- 1 
 ra'.itv, ib. & iiCO. 
 I'liiiin/ic, Lionel, sijr-cei ds Jolui 
 V.'aviifletc Us u.-chdeat o;i of 1 
 
 'iikchum, liis rrr.tntes, (j Ac- 
 ronnt of his j.ii'e by JVJart.in, 
 2'J, '23. //(i^e. \\ as bish'.ip of 
 Winchester, ;39. Kmleavourt d 
 to niaiu 1 tJie monks of Selcburn- 
 priorv conform to their institu- 
 tion.. 1 ?7. His sepulchre, %^3. 
 i Jis chantry, ^oO. 
 "(/A(/H./,V'.S' school at Winchester, 
 account of, 5. 14, lo. 21. '-'7. 
 '///iiui !:, Jolui, admitted perpe- 
 tual i'e!lo\i- of Ma<.',dalen-coi- 
 lct:e, Io!. Proinul^'cs the de- 
 c!'sof .\Jaiidalen-collcne, 207. 
 '.'//<('.-;/ re, William, presents to 
 oishop Wayntiete ii manuscript 
 i<t Sucrumentis D< dicationls, loo. 
 Translator ot i'ully dc Scucc- 
 tute, 1.0. ec 1U8, 189, 
 
 Y. 
 
 chcerlirii, William, l;;s coniro- 
 
 versy respfeti'i^ the vviil of sir 
 
 John Fast,, Iff, 100. 
 i;i-k, duke of; see l',citnund } duke 
 
 of York. 
 'un'-tiats, their conte';t:ons \vit!) 
 
 the house ul" Lancaster, 0'.'). TJ. 
 
 10-1. 
 'oaths, beardless, admitted to the 
 
 first offices in UK: church, 45.
 
 University of California 
 
 SOUTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY 
 
 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90024-1388 
 
 Return this material to the library 
 
 from which it was borrowed.
 
 L006 337657 8 
 
 A 1 'ii M || 
 001435118 
 
 ;
 
 '