u 
 
 410 
 
 Ml 
 
HALF CENTURY OF A 
 WEST POINT CLASS 
 
 1850 TO 1854 
 
 BY HENRY L. \ABBOT 
 
 BRIGADIER GENERAL U. S. A., RETIRED 
 
 iCf. 
 
States 
 HALF CENTURY RECORD 
 
 OF THE 
 
 CLASS AT WEST POINT 
 
 1850 TO 1854 
 
 BY HENRY L. ABBOT 
 
 BRIGADIER GENERAL U. S. A. 
 RETIRED 
 
 THOMAS TODD, Printer 
 14 BEACON STREET, BOSTON, MASS. 
 
" 
 
Hi 
 
 INTRODUCTION 
 
 THE Class of 1850-54 was graduated long enough before 
 the Civil War to cause its members, trained in frequent Indian 
 outbreaks and qualified by experience in the field, to serve in 
 grades entailing special exposure on the line of battle. Many of 
 its members held such rank, and the Official Records show for 
 the Class a larger list of killed and mortally wounded in action 
 than for any other that ever left the Academy except for that 
 graduating in 1841, which lost six graduates in the Mexican War 
 and eight in the Civil War, or a total of fourteen. The Class of 
 1854 lost twelve graduates and three non-graduates in the Civil 
 War, and among the former was Greble, the first officer of the 
 Regular Army to lay down his life in the conflict. Another non- 
 graduate subsequently met his fate in the Modoc War, making 
 a total of sixteen of the Class to die from wounds received in 
 battle. 
 
 It has been charged against the Academy that its cost to 
 the Government is excessive, since the Cadets that fall out by 
 the way are not commissioned in the Army, and consequently 
 can render no return to the Government for the sums expended 
 in their education more or less complete. Of the class enter- 
 ing in 1850, having a total of one hundred and two names on 
 its rolls, forty-six were graduated in 1854 and three in 1855, 
 leaving fifty-three who failed to receive the diploma. It has 
 seemed to me to be a matter of interest to trace, so far as 
 practicable, the war records of these non-graduates, and thus to 
 determine whether their military education received at West Point 
 did or did not bear fruit in the great war. 
 
 It has been my habit during all these years to preserve any 
 item which came to my knowledge relating to members of the 
 Class. In this present study I have sought and obtained similar 
 items from my classmates. The Official Records of the war, with 
 its admirable index referring to every name contained in any of 
 the many volumes, has rendered it comparatively easy to trace 
 
 3 
 
 600 
 
4 HALF CENTURY RECORD 
 
 individuals holding rank in the higher grades. The Historical 
 Register and Dictionary of the Army prepared by Francis B. 
 Heitman in 1903, the Bulletins of the Association of Graduates, 
 and numerous histories and encyclopaedias of the war have af- 
 forded great assistance. Correspondence with the War Depart- 
 ment, with the Adjutants General of several States, with the 
 Pension Office, with postmasters at many localities, and with 
 individuals whose addresses have been furnished by the above 
 has supplied many missing links. The results of the study 
 appear below. While it is hardly possible that errors have been 
 wholly avoided, it is believed that none of serious import will be 
 found. 
 
 The West Point record of the Class may be summed up 
 briefly as follows: The total number that received conditional 
 appointments, and including twelve turned back from the class 
 above, was one hundred and eleven. Of these nine failed to 
 pass the entrance examination, reducing the true Class aggregate 
 to one hundred and two. During the four-year course seven 
 resigned, five were dismissed, eighteen failed to pass the first 
 January examination, eight the next June examination, four the 
 second June examination, eleven the third June examination, and 
 none the final June examination. The number graduating in 
 1854 was thus reduced to forty-six, of whom six came from the 
 class above. Of the forty-one who failed to pass the examina- 
 tions nine were turned back to the next class, and three of them 
 were graduated in 1855. Thus of the one hundred and two 
 members there were forty-nine graduates and fifty-three non- 
 graduates. One of the former, Levi L. Wade, was so ill that 
 he failed to receive a commission ; indeed he died in September, 
 1854. 
 
 In respect to the non-graduate members the facts, more fully 
 recounted below, may be given briefly in tabular form. As stated 
 above, of the twenty-six known or believed to have taken part in 
 the war four laid down their lives in action. Their names are 
 printed in italics. 
 
 Non- Graduate Members j-j in Number 
 
 Wholly untraced 17 (12 at Academy six or less months). 
 
 Died before the war 3 Daniell, Guion, Splane. 
 
 Did not take active part 3 Bennett, Fonda, Scott, W. P. 
 
CLASS OF 1850-54 5 
 
 Service uncertain 4 Browne, Jordan, Lashbrooke, Widup. 
 
 ( Black, J. L., Colquitt, Crooks, Drum, 
 Attained grade of Colonel 9 \ Harrington, Hyde, Sherburne, Wood, 
 
 { Wright, T. F. 
 
 Attained grade of Lieut. Colonel 4 Crawford, Green, Leech, Spratt. 
 Attained grade of Major 3 Brown, S, C., Kearney, Wilson. 
 
 Attained grade of Company officer 6 { ^gome^' C ^' "" Kena "' 
 Grade uncertain 4 Holloway, Jesup, Robertson, Thomas. 
 
 Total non-graduates 53 
 
 Such a record demonstrates that the non-graduates of the Acad- 
 emy constitute an educated and precious reserve which can be 
 counted upon in time of need to perform the important duty 
 of training and leading our Volunteer armies. 
 
 It remains to define the scope of this paper. For the grad- 
 uates who remained in service General Cullum's Register furnishes 
 ample information, and their personal records are not included in 
 the following Biographical Notes. All the rest are briefly men- 
 tioned, including those who resigned before or at the outbreak of 
 the Civil War, those who did not graduate, and especially those, 
 whether included in the Register or not, who fell in action. 
 
 Aside from these personal memoranda, it has seemed desir- 
 able to present in tabular form certain items pertaining to the 
 entire Class, permitting ready comparison between individuals in 
 respect to relative promotion in the different arms of service, and 
 other points of interest to the Army in general. These tables are 
 appended, and are thus constituted. Table I shows whether the 
 members took an active part in the war, and if so on which 
 side, the highest rank attained, and whether now living or dead. 
 Table II gives the Class necrology in order of date of death. 
 Table III gives the full West Point record, in essential ele- 
 ments. Table IV gives the date of each commission held in the 
 Regular Army. Table V gives the same for the Volunteer serv- 
 ice; and Table VI gives the same for the Confederate service, 
 so far as the incomplete records permit this to be done. 
 
 In a word it has been my wish to supplement, as fully 
 as possible, the military life record of the Class as given by 
 General Cullum. The happily reunited popular sentiment, North 
 and South, now sustains the little band of survivors, who sepa- 
 rated at West Point half a century ago, in being proud of the 
 
6 HALF CENTURY RECORD 
 
 gallant and honorable service of their classmates, whether ren- 
 dered under the blue or the gray. Indeed all graduates will 
 recognize that among ourselves the ties formed by four years of 
 such intimacy as exists at West Point were never weakened by 
 the course of events, even when we found ourselves arrayed 
 in hostile ranks. Each side gave the other credit for following 
 the dictates of duty as they appeared to the individual mind 
 and conscience. The deep-seated, sectional misunderstanding 
 which led to the war had no place in the old Army. Whatever 
 may have existed among the members in boyhood had been 
 eliminated by attrition during the years spent at West Point. 
 
 The following general summary of the war records of the 
 Class is based upon the appended Tables. Those who served 
 on the side of the Union were divided between the Regular and 
 Volunteer services, fifteen names appearing on both lists and 
 twenty-three on only one. The highest individual rank attained 
 on either list is shown. The relatively large number in the 
 grade of Company Officer is explained by the fact that twelve 
 held only their regular commissions. During the war fifteen of 
 the Class were killed or mortally wounded in action seven 
 on the Union side, of whom five were graduates, and eight on 
 the Confederate side, of whom seven were graduates giving, 
 with one killed later in the Modoc War, an aggregate loss of 
 about one in four of those engaged. At least eighteen are known 
 to have been wounded, not mortally, some of them several times. 
 
 Highest Rank Attained in the War 
 
 Union Side (38) Confederate Side (27) Side Doubtful (1) Class (66) 
 
 Lieutenant General I i 
 
 Major General 15 6 
 
 Brigadier General 33 6 
 
 Colonel 13 6 19 
 
 Lieutenant Colonel 44 8 
 
 Major 21 3 
 
 Company Officer 15 4 I 20 
 
 Not on record 3 3 
 
 Totals 38 27 i 66 
 
 The present status of the Class may be summed up as follows. 
 Of the one hundred and two members, ten died before the war, 
 eighteen died during the war, ten have died since in service and 
 
CLASS OF 1850-54 7 
 
 twenty-one in civil life making a total of fifty-nine deceased. 
 Information is lacking respecting twenty-four. There are known 
 to be living nineteen, of whom nine are in civil life and ten in 
 service, all the latter being on the retired list with the rank of 
 General Officer. The following is the list of the known survivors 
 and the addresses of those no longer in service. For those still 
 on the rolls the latter is given monthly, in the Army List and 
 Directory. 
 
 Abbot, Henry L. Brigadier General U. S. A., Retired. 
 
 Bingham, Judson D. Brigadier General U. S. A., Retired. 
 
 Chapman, Alfred B. Chapman Place, San Gabriel, Cal. 
 
 Closson, Henry W. Brigadier General U. S. A., Retired. 
 
 Crooks, William (Colonel) 25 Sherburne Avenue, St. Paul, Minn. 
 
 Fonda, Peter 107 Woodland Avenue, Syracuse, N. Y. 
 Green, Wharton J. (Lieutenant Colonel) Fayetteville, N. C. 
 
 Haynes, Lawrence B. (Captain) Woodville, Wilkinson County, Miss. 
 
 Howard, Oliver O. Major General U. S. A., Retired. 
 
 Hyde, Breed N. (Colonel) Post-office Box 66, Pottsville, Penn. 
 
 Langdon, Loomis L. Brigadier General U. S. A., Retired. 
 
 Lazelle, Henry M. Brigadier General U. S. A., Retired. 
 
 Lee, G. W. C. (Major General) Burke Post Office, Fairfax County, Va. 
 Lee, Stephen D. (Lieutenant General) Columbus, Miss. 
 
 Montgomery, James G. (Captain) Augusta, Ga. 
 
 Morgan, Michael R. Brigadier General U. S. A., Retired. 
 
 Ruger, Thomas H. Major General U. S. A., Retired. 
 
 Sawtelle, Charles G. Brigadier General U. S. A., Retired. 
 
 Townsend, Edwin F. Brigadier General U. S. A., Retired. 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES 
 
 EX-ARMY AND NON-GRADUATE MEMBERS, AND ALL KILLED 
 
 IN ACTION 
 
 ANNAN, ALEXANDER, of New York. He served in 
 the war as First Lieutenant and Quartermaster of the 
 1 28th New York Infantry from September 4, 1862, to 
 July 29, 1863, when he resigned; also, in the same grades, 
 in the iO3d New York Infantry from February 29, 1864, 
 to March 17, 1865, when he was honorably mustered out 
 of service. He was engaged in the hardware business in 
 New Orleans in 1866, and in New York in 1875. No 
 later information. 
 
 BENNETT, JAMES CARLETON, of Virginia. His 
 home was in the mountains of West Virginia, and he 
 appears to have taken no active part in the war at 
 least with the eastern armies. 
 
 BLACK, JOHN A., of New York. To illustrate the 
 difficulty of tracing an old friend after the lapse of half 
 a century I give the record in this case. Knowing that 
 there was a Lieutenant Colonel John A. Black of the 
 56th Pennsylvania Infantry, I wrote to the Adjutant 
 General of the state asking his address. He kindly gave 
 me an old one, and also that of three officers of the 
 regiment likely to know about him. I addressed each of 
 them, and received three replies, one giving the desired 
 present address. Writing to the Colonel I learned that 
 he is not our classmate, but he gave me the address of 
 another person of the same name. The latter also proved 
 not to be the man, but he wrote that there were two of 
 
IO HALF CENTURY RECORD 
 
 the name on the retired list, and suggested that I get the 
 address of the other from the Commissioner of Pensions. 
 In reply to my letter the latter gave me the addresses of 
 four John A. Blacks on the rolls, none of whom proved to 
 be our classmate. So after all nothing has been discovered, 
 except that there are many of this name. 
 
 BLACK, JOHN LOGAN, of South Carolina. The Official 
 Records show that on October 16, 1861, the secretary of 
 Governor Pickens wrote to "Captain" Black that if the 
 Secretary of War would make requisition upon him for 
 five more Cavalry companies to serve "for the war," he 
 would consent to make proclamation for the same, "so 
 that all captains of companies may be put on equal foot- 
 ing in the matter." Also that on October 31, 1861, an 
 order was issued organizing five companies as the ist Bat- 
 talion, South Carolina Cavalry, under Lieutenant Colonel 
 John L. Black, who apparently had raised one of them. 
 
 The returns show that this battalion served on the 
 seacoast of the State, the Lieutenant Colonel often in com- 
 mand of a district, until July, 1862; when it appears to 
 have been increased to a regiment, under Colonel Black, 
 and to have been sent to join the Cavalry Corps of the 
 Army of Northern Virginia, under the immediate com- 
 mand of General Wade Hampton. Under him it took 
 part in a raid across the Rappahannock on December 22, 
 1 862 ; and in an action near Brandy Station on June 9, 
 1863, in which Colonel Black was wounded, and was 
 highly commended for skill and gallantry in recapturing 
 General Stuart's headquarters temporarily held by Union 
 Cavalry; and again on July 31, 1863, when he received 
 another wound. On September 9, 1863, the Cavalry Corps 
 was reorganized, and the regiment was assigned to Gen- 
 eral W. H. F. Lee's brigade of General Fitzhugh Lee's 
 division, but was soon transferred to General Young's 
 brigade. In March, 1864, the ist and 2d Regiments of 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES II 
 
 South Carolina Cavalry had become greatly depleted, having 
 together only about three hundred mounted men, and it was 
 recommended that they be sent back to the State to be 
 recruited. On March 18, 1864, the order was issued, and 
 Colonel Black proceeded to Columbia, reporting for duty 
 to General Beauregard. On April 28 he was instructed to 
 make a personal inspection of the district from Walhalla 
 to Greenville to devise plans for preventing hostile raids 
 from the other side of the mountains. On May 10 he 
 submitted an able report, which occupies over two printed 
 pages in the Official Records. On May 17, 1864, his 
 command was ordered to Charleston. He took station 
 on James Island. Here he remained until the advance 
 of General Sherman's army, performing responsible duties 
 which were thus commended by his commander, General 
 Talliaferro, "I desire to record my appreciation of the 
 energy and vigilance displayed by Colonel Black, com- 
 manding East Lines, not only during these operations, 
 but ever since he has been intrusted with his important 
 command." This extract is from a report dated July 23, 
 
 1864. Between September 10 and 18 Fort Johnson and 
 Battery Simkins on his lines were attacked unsuccessfully. 
 But the war was drawing to a close. On February 12, 
 
 1865, he was ordered to guard the Santee River, taking sta- 
 tion at Holly Hill; and on March 28, 1865, in command of 
 his own regiment and the 6th North Carolina, he engaged 
 the advance of the 2Oth Corps en route from Goldsboro 
 toward Raleigh ; and on April 20 he suffered a repulse at 
 Moccasin Creek. Here the Official Records terminate for 
 Colonel Black. 
 
 After the war he returned to his home at Blacksburg, 
 South Carolina, near which he owned large iron mines. 
 The renewal of our old friendship came about in a singular 
 manner. About the year 1890 he happened to meet my 
 son on a railroad train, and struck by his resemblance 
 to myself in cadet days he addressed him. The business 
 
12 HALF CENTURY RECORD 
 
 of his iron mines often brought him to New York City, 
 where I met him frequently, and corresponded with him 
 later. His affection for the Class was strong, and his 
 memory of West Point and of his old friends was extraor- 
 dinary. He seemed to be able to call every one by his 
 full name. He had some of Whistler's West Point 
 sketches, and often wrote about him to me when resid- 
 ing at Paris. He died very suddenly from paralysis of 
 the heart on March 25, 1902. He was apparently in 
 perfect health, and was inspecting his mines at Camp 
 Cherokee, about four miles from Blacksburg, when sud- 
 denly stricken down. He left five daughters, two of them 
 married. One of them writes that his official documents, 
 commissions, etc., were destroyed, but that many pages 
 of reminiscences written from memory remain, and that 
 they include notes about his West Point friends, whether 
 they wore the blue or the gray. No one could meet him 
 socially without being charmed by his conversation and 
 impressed by his character. The latter was well illustrated 
 by the fact that even when severely wounded, and urged by 
 the surgeon, his views on the temperance question were 
 so decided that he could not be prevailed upon to take 
 a glass of whisky. 
 
 BROWN, SAMUEL C., of Ohio. On October 2, 1861, 
 he was commissioned as Second Lieutenant by the Gov- 
 ernor of Ohio, and was authorized to recruit a company 
 for the 6 5th Ohio Infantry. He succeeded in raising a full 
 company, chiefly in Guernsey County ; was commissioned 
 Captain in that regiment on November 7, 1861 ; was 
 mustered into the United States service on the same day ; 
 and was promoted Major on March 22, 1863. He died at 
 Chattanooga, on September 22, 1863, from a wound received 
 at the battle of Chickamauga two days before. He was in 
 command of the regiment at the time, and was gallantly 
 leading it to the position on Snodgrass Hill which his 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES 13 
 
 brigade, the 3d of the ist Division of the 2ist Corps, held 
 to the end of the battle. His comrade and friend, Colonel 
 Wilbur F. Hinman, then commanding a company of the 
 regiment and wounded at the same time, writes : " He was 
 indeed a most lovable man. During the war above one 
 hundred officers and men of the 6$th fell in death before 
 the fiery blast of battle, and among them all not one was 
 held in warmer affection or was more sincerely mourned. 
 That day I made my way back to Chattanooga, twelve 
 miles distant. Tuesday morning I learned of the arrival 
 of Major Brown, and was able to make my way to him. 
 He was fully conscious, although very near the end, and 
 our interview was brief. As I took his almost pulseless 
 hand he gasped, ' Good-by, Lieutenant ; tell the boys it is 
 all right.' It fell to my lot to write the story of our 
 service, a volume of eleven hundred pages. It has an 
 excellent portrait of Major Brown, and the text contains 
 many allusions to him. The book was written and pub- 
 lished for our own brigade family." 
 
 His Brigade Commander thus referred to his death in 
 the official report : " This heroic officer fell on Sunday 
 when most gallantly leading his regiment. Well might 
 his regiment waver for an instant as they saw his noble 
 figure stricken down. He was ever ready to lead where 
 brave men would follow. In him the regiment has lost 
 a brave leader, the service a valuable officer, and the 
 nation a worthy citizen." 
 
 BROWNE, LEVI R., of Maine. He was a civil engi- 
 neer in Missouri and Kansas in 1855-56, but since that 
 date nothing is of record. His home was in Paris, Oxford 
 County, Maine ; but it seems that he did not return to it 
 on leaving the Academy. 
 
 BURSLEY, ALLEN A., of Massachusetts. He was a 
 levee engineer in Louisiana in 1859, and served as an 
 
14 HALF CENTURY RECORD 
 
 officer of Artillery from that state during the war. General 
 Earl Van Dorn, in a report dated at Jackson, Mississippi, 
 on September 9, 1862, mentions "Watson Battery, Captain 
 Bursley." General J. C. Bowen, in a report dated Octo- 
 ber 12, 1862, on the actions at Corinth on October 3d, 
 4th, and 5th, mentions the Watson Battery, Captain Burs- 
 ley, as " held in reserve " ; and later, that its four guns 
 opened fire, but drew such a return that it was ordered 
 to the rear. General Loring, in a report dated August 28, 
 1863, at Camp Forest, Mississippi, mentions Captain A. A. 
 Bursley as his Chief of Artillery. He had been temporarily 
 on ordnance duty in the preceding April, at Jackson, Mis- 
 sissippi. He was sent by General Loring to General Polk 
 with dispatches in February, 1 864 ; and in the order of the 
 latter assuming command of the Army of the Mississippi, 
 dated May 12, 1864, Captain A. A. Bursley is announced 
 as his Acting Chief of Artillery. No later items have been 
 discovered, the above being from the Official Records. 
 
 CARR, MILTON T., of Virginia. After leaving the 
 U. S. Army, on December 9, 1863, he made his home 
 near Wheeling, West Virginia. He held the office of 
 surveyor of that city and of the county of Ohio for many 
 years, and died at his home on May 3, 1895, leaving a 
 widow and one daughter. 
 
 CHAPMAN, ALFRED BRUNSON, of Alabama. He 
 was stationed in Nevada at the commencement of the war. 
 He resigned his commission, but circumstances were such 
 that, although his sympathies were strongly with the South, 
 he could take no active part in the war. He made his way 
 to California, where he has since resided. He practiced 
 law in Los Angeles until 1879, gi ym g n * s attention espe- 
 cially to suits involving land titles, concerning which he 
 soon became a recognized authority. He married a daugh- 
 ter of Judge Scott of that city, and since retiring from 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES 15 
 
 practice has resided on his rancho in the San Gabriel 
 valley, engaged in raising crops of citrus fruits and walnuts. 
 His address is Chapman Place, San Gabriel, California. 
 
 CLAY, HENRY, JR., of Kentucky. He was appointed 
 Assistant Adjutant General of Volunteers, with the rank 
 of Captain, on October 15, 1861. Late in February, 1862, 
 he was in camp at Belle Tavern, Kentucky, on the staff of 
 General R. W. Johnson. He died at Louisville, Kentucky, 
 on June 5, 1862. 
 
 COLQUITT, PEYTON H., at large. The Official Records 
 show that on April 20, 1861, he was at Milledgeville, 
 Georgia, in command of the City Light Guards of Colum- 
 bus, and ready for orders. They sent him to the Potomac 
 River, below Washington, and on May 18 he was in com- 
 mand of the unfinished work on Sewell's Point when it 
 was bombarded by the naval steamer Monticello, accom- 
 panied by a steam tug. During that night three thirty-two 
 pounders and two small rifles were mounted, and on the 
 following day when the same vessels returned to renew 
 the fire they were received so vigorously as to compel a 
 retreat after a fight of an hour and a half. Having been 
 chosen Colonel of the 46th Georgia Infantry, Colquitt 
 joined his regiment in South Carolina. On April 22, 1862, 
 he was assigned to command the Fourth and Fifth Military 
 Districts of that state, by order of General Pemberton ; 
 and on June 14 to construct batteries for the defense of 
 Newton's Cut by the labor of his own and of Colonel 
 De Saussure's regiment. Two days later he was ordered 
 to relieve a regiment at Secessionville exhausted in the 
 fight of the 1 6th ; and the returns for June and July show 
 him in command of an Infantry and Artillery force there, 
 having a total of one thousand two hundred and eighty- 
 three men for duty. His regiment was soon transferred 
 to North Carolina; for the return of General Whiting, 
 
1 6 HALF CENTURY RECORD 
 
 commanding the Cape Fear District, dated January 31, 
 1863, shows Colonel Colquitt commanding a brigade with 
 two thousand nine hundred and sixteen men present, form- 
 ing part of General Gist's Division. The brigade was soon 
 sent to reenforce the western army, passing by way of 
 Charleston. On May 14, 1863, it lost one hundred and 
 ninety-eight men in an engagement at Jackson, Mississippi. 
 The returns of the Army of Mississippi and East Louisiana 
 for July 30 and August 20 show the 46th Georgia as part 
 of Gist's Brigade, Walker's Division. Colonel Colquitt fell 
 mortally wounded in the battle of Chickamauga, in Sep- 
 tember, 1863, being at the time in command of the brigade. 
 No details seem to have been preserved respecting the 
 circumstances of his death. 
 
 CRAWFORD, ROBERT C., of Tennessee. After dis- 
 missal for discreditable conduct at West Point, in January, 
 1851, he joined Walker in his invasion of Nicaragua, but 
 escaped uninjured. During the Civil War his name appears 
 on the returns of the Department of the Ohio for June and 
 July, 1863, as Captain of the 1st East Tennessee Battery, 
 attached to the ist Brigade, ist Division, of the 23d Corps. 
 The August return indicates a transfer to the 3d Brigade 
 of the 4th Division. It appears that he was allowed to 
 recruit his force among the refugees, and thus to form a 
 ist Battalion of Tennessee Artillery ; for General Willcox, 
 at Cumberland Gap, on November 28, 1863, reports the 
 arrival of "Colonel" Crawford, sent from Knoxville by 
 General Burnside to inform him as to the condition of 
 that command. On January i, 1864, the " ist East Ten- 
 nessee Heavy Artillery, Colonel Crawford," was transferred 
 from Camp Nelson to Knoxville. On November 16, 1864, 
 General Gillem, in reporting upon the operations of the 
 Governor's Guard on November 9 to 16, mentions a mes- 
 sage received from Colonel Crawford about a train. The 
 newspapers of that time state that the reputation of 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES IJ 
 
 " Crawford's men " was of the worst character, and that 
 the Colonel was finally tried and dismissed for dishonesty. 
 After the war he figured as a " Major General " of Mexican 
 guerrillas on the Texan frontier. Here his trustworthy 
 record terminates, but fanciful rumors of his appearance in 
 the Turkish War were current. Evidently no mistake was 
 made in his dismissal at West Point after a six months' 
 trial. 
 
 CROOKS, WILLIAM, of New York. On August 23, 
 1862, he was commissioned as Colonel of the 6th Minnesota 
 Infantry, and served in the Sioux campaigns of 1862-63. 
 On March 25, 1864, his regiment was assigned to the 
 ist Brigade, ist Division, 2d Army Corps, then serving 
 in Culpepper County, Virginia ; but by special order of 
 the Secretary of War it was transferred in June to the 
 1 6th Army Corps, then at Helena, Arkansas. This was a 
 great disappointment to the regiment, and Colonel Crooks 
 resigned his commission on October 28, 1864. He has 
 practiced civil engineering over a wide extent of country, 
 extending from New Jersey to Oregon. Of late years he 
 has been engaged in the administrative department of the 
 Oregon Railroad and Navigation Company as assistant to 
 the president and general manager. His home address 
 is 25 Sherburne Avenue, St. Paul, Minnesota, but much of 
 his time is spent at Portland, Oregon. 
 
 DANIELL, WILLIAM S., of Georgia. He was a prac- 
 ticing lawyer in Savannah, Georgia, in 1857-59, anc * died 
 there on May 2, 1860. 
 
 DAVIS, BENJAMIN F., of Mississippi. After serving 
 in Texas, where he was wounded in an Indian fight on the 
 Gila River, New Mexico, on June 27, 1857, and in Cali- 
 fornia, where he held the Volunteer rank of Colonel of the 
 ist California Cavalry from August 19 to November i, 
 
I 8 HALF CENTURY RECORD 
 
 1 86 1, he returned with his regular regiment (ist Dragoons) 
 to the East soon after the outbreak of the war. He had 
 been regularly promoted to be Captain in July, and was 
 doing good service with the Army of the Potomac in 
 that grade when, on June 25, 1862, the unsought and 
 unexpected appointment to the Colonelcy of the 8th New 
 York Cavalry was received. With it he took a brilliant 
 part in the defense of Harpers Ferry, and finding that a 
 surrender was contemplated he solicited and obtained per- 
 mission to cut his way out if he could. This he did on 
 the night of September 14, 1862, carrying the entire 
 Cavalry force of the garrison (some sixteen hundred well- 
 mounted men) through the opposing lines, and capturing 
 en route the wagon train of General Longstreet, which 
 was loaded with supplies and ammunition. For this gal- 
 lant exploit he was brevetted Major in the Regular Army, 
 dating September 15, 1862, the date of the capture. He 
 took part in the battles and skirmishes of the Army of 
 the Potomac, after that of South Mountain, "always with 
 so much credit to himself as to be regarded as having 
 very few equals and no superiors in the Cavalry branch of 
 the service." He commanded a brigade of the ist Division 
 of Pleasanton's Cavalry Corps for many months, and was 
 over and over again recommended for promotion to the 
 grade of Brigadier General. In the action of Beverly 
 Ford on June 9, 1863, seeing his own regiment wavering 
 for a moment before the charge of the Confederate Cavalry, 
 he forgot the brigade commander in the actual Colonel, 
 and rushing to the front, waving his saber above his head, 
 he shouted, "Come on, 8th, follow me." They pressed 
 forward into the thickest of the fight ; and he fell, his 
 brain pierced by a bullet, into the arms of his young 
 Adjutant, and was borne from the field. The request 
 that his body might repose at West Point was granted 
 by the Secretary of War. It is the fitting place. He 
 was a gallant son of his Alma Mater, and an honor to 
 his Class and to the Academy. 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES 19 
 
 DESHLER, JAMES, of Alabama. He was appointed 
 Captain of Artillery in the Confederate service soon 
 after leaving the Army in July, 1861. His first campaign 
 was in West Virginia, where at Alleghany Summit, on 
 December 13, 1861, he was shot through both thighs. 
 He was promoted to be Colonel of Artillery, and assigned 
 to duty in North Carolina. Thence he was transferred to 
 the Trans-Mississippi Department as Chief of Staff to 
 General Holmes. Later, in command of a Texan brigade, 
 he was captured at Arkansas Post in January, 1863. He 
 was exchanged and promoted to be Brigadier General on 
 July 28, 1863. Commanding a Texan brigade in Cle- 
 burne's Division of D. H. Hill's Corps of the Army of 
 Tennessee, he was hotly engaged in the Battle of Chicka- 
 mauga, and was killed on September 20, 1863. The fol- 
 lowing is an extract from a newspaper of that time : " As 
 the six small regiments were drawn up for the attack 
 gallant Deshler rode along the line. Just as he was about 
 to give the word to advance a ten-pound rifle shell 
 struck him full and fair in the left breast. It must have 
 knocked him ten feet out of his saddle." His commander, 
 General Cleburne, reported : " General Deshler fell, a shell 
 passing fairly through his chest. It was the first battle 
 in which this gentleman had the honor of command as a 
 general officer. He was a brave and efficient one. He 
 brought always to the discharge of duty a warm zeal and 
 a high conscientiousness." Every member of the Class 
 who, as was my good fortune, knew him intimately will 
 cordially indorse this sentiment. 
 
 DRUM, WILLIAM FINDLEY, at large. When report- 
 ing at West Point he brought with him the shoulder straps 
 of his father, Captain Simon H. Drum, 4th Artillery, who 
 fell at the taking of the city of Mexico on September 13, 
 1847. The son was beloved and regretted by the Class. 
 He entered the Volunteer service at the outbreak of the 
 
20 HALF CENTURY RECORD 
 
 war, serving as a private of Company F, 3d Ohio Infantry, 
 from June i to July 31, 1861, when he received a com- 
 mission as Second Lieutenant in the 2d Infantry. He 
 was appointed Lieutenant Colonel of the 5th New York In- 
 fantry on April I, 1865, and Colonel of the same on May 29, 
 1865, and was mustered out of service on August 21, 1865, 
 receiving brevets in the Regular Army of Major and Lieu- 
 tenant Colonel for gallant services before Richmond and at 
 the battle of Five Forks. Returning to duty as Captain 
 of the I4th Infantry, he became Major and Lieutenant 
 Colonel, and died in command of Fort Yates on July 4, 
 1892. 
 
 FONDA, PETER, JR., of New York. After leaving 
 the Academy he sought reinstatement or an appointment 
 on the Utah expedition until suddenly stricken with lame- 
 ness, which demanded a change of climate for more than a 
 year. In 1857 he became Commandant and Professor of 
 Mathematics in a Louisiana military college. In 1858 he 
 returned to the North and accepted a position as private 
 secretary in a post office for about a year, then resigned 
 to become ultimately a partner in a firm engaged in a 
 large grain business in Oswego, New York. When Major 
 Anderson returned from Fort Sumter, in 1861, Fonda im- 
 mediately tendered his services to the War Department in 
 any capacity in which he could be useful ; this he repeated 
 immediately after the first battle of Bull Run, and again 
 after two other reverses. No reply was received. About 
 1862 Colonel McKibbin of the Regular Army offered him 
 the Majority in a Volunteer regiment he was raising, and 
 Fonda accepted, but ultimately the place was secured by 
 another. Later the citizens of Oswego requested him to 
 drill and instruct a regiment they were trying to raise. 
 This he did four times a week for nearly two years, with- 
 out compensation, but the scheme finally came to naught. 
 Thus if he took no active part in the war it certainly was 
 not from lack of effort so to do. 
 
UNIVERSITY } 
 
 OF 
 BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES 
 
 Meantime his private business had proved successful, 
 and in 1868 he was about to retire when some unfortunate 
 speculations of his partner involved the firm in disaster. 
 Western competition had seriously affected the trade of 
 Oswego, and Fonda accepted a position in the auditor's 
 department of a new railroad connecting that city with 
 New York, and went there to live in 1871. In 1872 he 
 joined the engineer department of the Erie Railroad as 
 assistant ; and after about seven years, spent . chiefly 
 in New York City but partly at Elmira, retired from it 
 commended for efficiency and fidelity. He next took 
 charge of a lumber manufacturing plant at Oswego, and 
 brought order out of the chaos in which he found it. The 
 management of a large estate followed, and this has con- 
 tinued nearly to the present time, involving removal from 
 Oswego to Syracuse. He writes : " I am again at liberty 
 to seek 'fresh fields and pastures new.' Activity is now a 
 necessity with me, as I am of a very long-lived family, 
 strong and 'strenuous/ in excellent health, and, Deovolente, 
 hope to have a good many years of usefulness left." His 
 address is 107 Woodland Avenue, Syracuse, New York. 
 
 GAY, EBENEZER, of New Hampshire. He was honor- 
 ably mustered out of the regular service as unassigned 
 Major of Infantry on January i, 1871, and died of con- 
 sumption at the home of his mother, in Nashua, New 
 Hampshire, on September n, 1871. He had received the 
 brevets of Major and Lieutenant Colonel for services during 
 the war. 
 
 GRACIE, ARCHIBALD, JR., of New York. He was 
 educated at private schools in New York, and was then 
 sent abroad by his father, a prominent banker of New York, 
 to study in Switzerland and Germany. On his return, in 
 1850, he entered West Point. His previous education had 
 rendered him an expert linguist, and he easily took first 
 
22 HALF CENTURY RECORD 
 
 rank in French. After graduation he was assigned to the 
 4th Infantry, with station at Fort Vancouver, where he 
 arrived in November, 1854. After active service in the 
 Indian wars in that region he was promoted to be Second 
 Lieutenant in the 5th Infantry, March 3, 1855, but was 
 retained at Fort Vancouver until February, 1856, when he 
 was ordered to join his regiment, then serving in Texas. 
 At his father's request he resigned his commission on 
 May 31, 1856. In November of that year he married 
 Miss Mayo, of Richmond, Virginia; and on April I, 1857, 
 he was taken into partnership with his father, under the 
 firm name of Archibald Gracie and Son, and took charge 
 of the branch cotton and insurance business in Mobile and 
 New Orleans. He made his home in Mobile, where was 
 born his son Archibald, to whom I am debtor for many 
 of these personal items. 
 
 He was asked to join a local company, known as the 
 Washington Light Infantry, and was elected and commis- 
 sioned Captain of it by the Governor on April 19, 1860. 
 Under instructions of the latter, in January, 1861, he com- 
 manded an expedition, consisting of his company and the 
 Mobile Rifles, which seized the Mount Vernon Arsenal, 
 containing a large supply of arms and munitions of war. 
 On April 28 his company was ordered to Montgomery, and 
 was mustered into service as Company E of the 3d Alabama 
 Infantry. It was at once ordered to Norfolk, Virginia, 
 where on July 12 he was appointed Major of the nth Ala- 
 bama Infantry, which he joined at Centerville. In the 
 spring of 1862 the regiment, forming part of Wilcox's 
 brigade, was transferred to Yorktown. On March 20 
 Major Gracie was detached and placed in command of 
 an independent battalion of sharpshooters, serving on the 
 extreme right of the Confederate defensive line. On the 
 retreat it took part in a skirmish, for which it received 
 commendation from General Johnston. In May, 1862, 
 while on the Chickahominy, Gracie was elected Colonel 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES 23 
 
 of the 43d Alabama Infantry, and was ordered to report 
 with it at Chattanooga. The return of the Army of 
 East Tennessee for July 3, 1862, shows him as Colonel 
 of the 43d Regiment, commanding the ist Brigade of the 
 2d Division. In the reorganization of the army under 
 General E. K. Smith, on October 31, 1862, he appears 
 as commanding the 2d Brigade of the 3d Division. On 
 August 15 he commanded in the successful affair at Hunts- 
 ville, and later took part in the invasion of Kentucky under 
 General E. K. Smith. He was promoted to be Brigadier 
 General in the Provisional Army, dating from November 4, 
 1862. Until the advent of General Longstreet's command 
 from the Army of Northern Virginia he served in East 
 Tennessee, often in command at Cumberland Gap or oper- 
 ating in the vicinity. In August, 1863, he joined General 
 Bragg's army at Chattanooga, and in the battle of Chicka- 
 mauga, on September 20, his brigade, serving on the left 
 wing, made three brilliant charges on Snodgrass Ridge ; 
 Gracie himself had two horses shot under him. In Long- 
 street's demonstration against General Burnside at Knox- 
 ville, Grade's brigade formed part of the division of General 
 Bushrod R. Johnson, and took part in the affair of Bean's 
 Station, December 14, 1863. Here Gracie received a severe 
 flesh wound in the arm, and General Longstreet, in his 
 report of the campaign, mentions it, and thanks the bri- 
 gade "for their very creditable part in the affair." The 
 brigade continued to serve in Johnson's Division until 
 April 25, 1864, when it was ordered to Richmond, where 
 on May 6 it formed part of Ransom's Division under Gen- 
 eral Beauregard, taking station first at Drewry's Bluff. It 
 was engaged in the action of May 16, and was specially 
 commended by General Ransom. It remained on James 
 River or in front of the lines of Bermuda Hundreds until 
 about the middle of June, when it was transferred to 
 Petersburg, arriving in time to be heavily engaged in the 
 action of June 17. It then occupied a position on the new 
 
24 HALF CENTURY RECORD 
 
 lines between the Appomattox River and the Burnside 
 mine, where, as the daily reports show, it suffered severely 
 from the frequent mortar and picket firing which prevailed 
 there night and day. On December 2, 1864, General Gracie 
 himself was killed near the crater by a shell fired from 
 Fort Morton. It struck the crest of the parapet, and ex- 
 ploding killed the General and two men standing near him. 
 As in the case of Pegram, his commission as Major General 
 is said to have been prepared, but had not been forwarded 
 at the date of his death. 
 
 In a letter written by General Lee to his widow, in- 
 closing his own photograph, he said : " I inclose the 
 photograph you desire. It may serve to remind you of 
 one who from his first acquaintance with your noble 
 husband, then a cadet at the U. S. Military Academy, 
 discerned his worth and high sense of honor, and whose 
 esteem and admiration for him increased to the day of 
 his death." 
 
 GREBLE, JOHN TROUT, of Pennsylvania. He was 
 the first officer of the Class, and of the old Army, to fall 
 in what to us, sons of a common Alma Mater, was literally 
 a fratricidal conflict. It is safe to assert that the news of 
 his death brought sorrow to all of us, whether under the 
 stars and stripes or under the stars and bars, for we all 
 loved him. He had been serving a tour of duty at West 
 Point, when, in October, 1860, he was assigned to duty 
 at the Artillery School at Fort Monroe. In May, 1861, 
 he was placed on ordnance duty at Newport News, and 
 in June he accompanied the expedition to Big Bethel in 
 command of two field guns. After the repulse of the 
 Infantry he covered their withdrawal with so much skill 
 that he prevented it from becoming a rout. Having accom- 
 plished this purpose he had given the order to retire his 
 guns when he was struck by a cannon ball and instantly 
 killed. General G. K. Warren, then Lieutenant Colonel 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES 2$ 
 
 of the 5th New York Infantry, on learning of his death 
 went back at once with about ten men, and, leaving them 
 under cover, advanced alone and carried the body in his 
 arms to an abandoned limber, which was then drawn off 
 by his party. The brevets of Captain, Major, and Lieu- 
 tenant Colonel were conferred upon Lieutenant Greble for 
 conspicuous gallantry on this occasion. His son graduated 
 at West Point in 1881, was assigned to his father's regi- 
 ment, and is now a Major in the Artillery Corps, having 
 served on the Volunteer Staff in the war with Spain. 
 
 GREEN, JACKSON W., of California. He has reversed 
 the initials of his name, now signing it Wharton J. Green. 
 He was born in the territory of Florida, and was the first 
 to receive a Cadet appointment from California, which he 
 never saw until forty years later. At the time his father, 
 General Thomas J. Green, was temporarily a resident of 
 that territory and member of the legislature. After leaving 
 the Academy he studied law in the University of Virginia 
 and in Cumberland University, and received a license to 
 practice before the Supreme Court ; but he soon abandoned 
 the profession and became a farmer in North Carolina. He 
 inherited a love for the military service from his father, who 
 had taken an active part in the struggle for Texan inde- 
 pendence, and when the war became threatening he joined 
 one of the first three companies to go into camp, the War- 
 ren Guards. He soon became Lieutenant Colonel of the 
 2d North Carolina Battalion of the Confederate Army, 
 largely recruited through his instrumentality, and saw 
 service with the eastern armies, being captured at Roanoke 
 Island and exchanged. He was again captured at Gettys- 
 burg, and was exchanged only just before the end of the 
 war. After the war he was a delegate to several Democratic 
 conventions, and represented his district in the Forty-eighth 
 and Forty-ninth Congress at Washington, being the only 
 member of the Class to attain this honor. That the old 
 
26 HALF CENTURY RECORD 
 
 Class feeling is still warm with him is shown by the fol- 
 lowing extract from a recent printed article from his pen, 
 describing a visit to Gettysburg in 1903, where he met 
 some of the other members : " The spirit of class cama- 
 raderie (as the French term it) was stronger in that school 
 than in any other institution organized of man before or 
 since. The bond of the crusade was strong, and so is that 
 of societies of cabalistic Greek letters in the modern college, 
 but neither reached the unstudied altitude of the standard 
 there prevailing. Upon that highland Hudson cliff, nearly 
 a hundred years anterior consecrated to freedom and the 
 rights of man, were wont annually to assemble about one 
 hundred young men of all recognized rank, station, and 
 conditions of life from every quarter, knowing nothing of 
 each other or of each others' antecedents, and nothing 
 caring, simply content by touch and contact to let each 
 one show what was in him. If the man, he was the 
 recognized man thenceforth until he proved himself less 
 than man ; if a dog, of currish instincts, he went to the 
 dogs, and there he stayed. Was ever aristocracy of grander 
 type or conception ? There was the son of the mechanic, 
 the farmer, the millionaire, starting the race together, with 
 no adventitious advantage or serious drawback by reason 
 of paternity or pedigree. Such was the < West Point ' of 
 half a century bygone, where truth, fidelity to plight, good- 
 fellowship, good horsemanship, good marksmanship, were 
 taught and inculcated to a degree unknown to any school 
 in Scythia of old, or any school subsequent in or out of 
 Scythia. We lived together in Arcadian simplicity and 
 brotherly love until the edict went forth, 'Up and cut 
 each others' throats.' In obedience to unquestioning man- 
 date it was done." Our classmate's present address is 
 Fayetteville, North Carolina. 
 
 GUION, ALEXANDER HENDERSON, of North Caro- 
 lina. It is reported and believed that he died soon after 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES 27 
 
 leaving the Academy, but neither place nor date is of 
 record. 
 
 HARRINGTON, FAZILO A., of New York. He was 
 appointed Lieutenant Colonel of the 2/th Illinois Infantry 
 on August 10, 1 86 1, and was promoted to be its Colonel on 
 April 1 6, 1862. His service was wholly with the western 
 armies, and he took an active part in the earlier campaigns. 
 The Official Records show that he was thanked by name 
 by the Colonel of his regiment for gallant service at the 
 battle of Belmont, November 7, 1861 ; and by the Com- 
 mander of the expedition for good service in the raid on 
 Union City, near Hickman, Kentucky, on March 30, 1862. 
 They also show that he was in command of a brigade in 
 July, 1862, ordered to operate as far as Decatur by General 
 J. D. Morgan, commanding the ist Division of the Army 
 of the Mississippi, and that on August 3 he was still with 
 that division. The return of the Army of the Ohio for 
 October 8, 1862, shows his regiment as forming part of 
 the ist Brigade of the ist Division. In the Stone River 
 campaign, December 26, 1862, to January 5, 1863, Har- 
 rington commanded his regiment, which formed part of 
 Bradley 's Brigade, 3d Division, Right Wing, of the Army 
 of the Cumberland ; and in the battle of December 3 1 he 
 met his fate. His Brigade Commander reported: "There 
 the brigade met its chief loss, four hundred men killed or 
 wounded in two hours. Colonel Harrington fell about 
 10.45 A.M. I cannot forbear to express the sorrow felt by 
 the whole command at the loss of the two senior officers, 
 Colonels Roberts and Harrington. They had served with 
 the brigade since April, 1862, and each had been in com- 
 mand of it for a considerable time. Long service had made 
 the command familiar to them, and inspired them with con- 
 fidence in their judgment and skill. They fell in exactly 
 the line of their duty, and each met a soldier's death 
 bravely." His division commander reported: "It is also 
 
28 HALF CENTURY RECORD 
 
 my sad duty to record the death of Colonel F. A. Har- 
 rington, of 2 /th Illinois, who fell heroically leading his 
 regiment to the charge." General A. McD. McCook, com- 
 manding the Right Wing, reported : " Such men as * * * 
 Harrington * * * who fell vindicating their flag, will never 
 be forgotten by a grateful country." One of the Class met 
 him at Nashville shortly before the battle, and writes : " He 
 had an excellent reputation, and one of the best regiments 
 of the Army of the Cumberland. He would, I think, have 
 been made a general officer had he lived." Another writes : 
 " He had the reputation of being one of the best officers 
 in his division." As one of his roommates in Old North 
 Barracks during our plebe year I knew him well, and 
 cherish the memory of our warm friendship. 
 
 HAYNES, LAWRENCE BALDWIN, of Louisiana. 
 He was born in Wilkinson County, Mississippi, on April 10, 
 1834, in an old homestead that had been in the family since 
 the state was a territory, but his father soon moved to the 
 parish of East Feliciana, Louisiana, from which he received 
 his appointment. After leaving West Point he finished his 
 education at the Western Military Institute, Kentucky, and 
 later accepted an appointment in the United States Treas- 
 ury Department. When Louisiana seceded he resigned 
 and returned home, and on February i, 1861, was appointed 
 First Lieutenant in the ist Louisiana Artillery, which was 
 sent to garrison the forts on the Gulf coast. Serving on 
 an improvised gunboat, the Governor Moore, in a metie 
 with Admiral Farragut's fleet, the vessel was disabled and 
 run aground, and Haynes was captured and sent to Fort 
 Warren in Boston Harbor. On being exchanged he re- 
 joined his regiment, then at Vicksburg, where as Captain 
 he commanded one of the batteries on the bluff before 
 and during the siege. One of his guns near General Lee's 
 headquarters, known as "Whistling Dick," had frequent 
 engagements with the naval gunboats, and gave a good 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES 29 
 
 account of itself. After the surrender Haynes went into 
 the parole camp until exchanged, when he rejoined his 
 regiment at Mobile. At the evacuation he was sent to 
 Meridian, Mississippi, where he was stationed until the 
 end of the war. Since that time life with him has been 
 hard, as has been the case with many veterans, and his 
 health in June, 1905, was poor. His latest address is 
 Woodville, Wilkinson County, Mississippi. 
 
 HOLLOWAY, EZEKIEL FIELD, of Kentucky. It is 
 currently reported that during the war he served in Ken- 
 tucky in command of a company of Cavalry, but on which 
 side is uncertain, as accounts differ. I received a letter 
 from him not long afterward, but upon another subject. 
 He had studied law, but after the war devoted the latter 
 part of his life to teaching school. He died from the 
 effects of pneumonia near Richmond in Madison County, 
 Kentucky, on March 24, 1888, leaving a widow and five 
 children. 
 
 HYDE, BREED NOYES, of Vermont. He is the son of 
 Brevet Major Russel B. Hyde, of the Regular Army, who 
 served in the war of 1813-14. When hostilities became 
 threatening the son was appointed Aide-de-camp to Gov- 
 ernor Fairbanks, of Vermont, with the rank of Colonel ; 
 and in April, 1861, he was charged with receiving, drilling, 
 and organizing the Volunteer Militia ordered to assemble 
 at St. Johnsbury. Among other regiments he thus organ- 
 ized and drilled was the 3d Vermont Infantry, of which 
 he soon accepted the Lieutenant Colonelcy under Captain 
 W. F. Smith, Topographical Engineers, as Colonel. The 
 regiment was mustered into the United States service on 
 June 6, 1 86 1, and proceeded to Washington, where it took 
 station at Chain Bridge. Colonel Smith was appointed 
 Brigadier General of Volunteers on August 13, 1861, and 
 Lieutenant Colonel Hyde was promoted to the vacancy. 
 
30 HALF CENTURY RECORD 
 
 The regiment took part in the Peninsular campaign, and 
 on the Chickahominy was charged with constructing the 
 approaches to the Woodbury Bridge, receiving commenda- 
 tion from General McClellan in person for the expeditious 
 and efficient manner in which the work was done. But 
 Colonel Hyde's health broke down from exposure to the 
 malaria of the region, and he was sent to the rear to 
 recuperate. Returning too soon, he suffered a relapse 
 which incapacitated him for active service. He was honor- 
 ably discharged in February, 1863. During his term of 
 duty he was president of several courts-martial, and was 
 a member of a board of three officers, of which General 
 Hancock was president, to ascertain the qualifications of 
 certain Volunteer officers to perform their duties. Over 
 fifty cases were acted upon. Since the war, after residing 
 for some years at St. Louis, Missouri, he has made his 
 home in Pottsville, Pennsylvania, which is his present 
 address. 
 
 JESUP, WILLIAM CROGHAN, at large. But little 
 has been learned of his career, but he is reported to have 
 died many years ago, having served on the Confederate 
 side in the war. 
 
 JORDAN, JOHN V., of Pennsylvania. It is reported 
 that he was in New York City about 1880, advocating 
 the Cuban cause and connected with what was called the 
 Cuban Junta. Nothing definite has been learned respecting 
 his war record. 
 
 KEARNEY, WILLIAM, at large. He is said to have 
 served as Aide-de-camp on the Staff both of General Magruder 
 and General Hardee, having the rank of Captain or Major. 
 After the war he married and resided at San Antonio, Texas, 
 becoming a commission merchant. He died on May 30, 
 1893. The Official Records of the war show that First 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES 31 
 
 Lieutenant W. Kearney, Confederate States Army, was 
 sent, on August 7, 1862, to Brigadier General Brown, com- 
 manding Springfield, Missouri, to negotiate an exchange 
 of prisoners. This flag of truce was sent by Colonel 
 Charles A. Carroll, commanding the forces in Northwest 
 Arkansas. 
 
 KENAN, LEWIS HOLMES, of Georgia. He entered 
 West Point from the Hallowell Academy at Alexandria, 
 Virginia. The following notes are based on the In-Memo- 
 riam Report adopted by the Milledgeville Lodge, No. 115, 
 Independent Order of Good Templars, on July 21, 1871, 
 supplemented by information received from the family : 
 
 In 1853 he was elected secretary of the Senate of 
 Georgia, and in 185$ was admitted to the bar and prac- 
 ticed law with his father until the outbreak of the war 
 in 1 86 1. He was early commissioned to be Captain of 
 Company I, ist Georgia Regulars, and served gallantly 
 in that grade during the entire war. In the summer of 
 1864 he was seriously wounded in the leg at John's Island, 
 South Carolina, and was invalided in consequence when 
 Sherman's Army passed through Georgia. He recovered, 
 and after the war was elected a member of the State 
 Senate. On July 3, 1871, he died by the hand of violence 
 on a street of his native city, Milledgeville, assassinated 
 by a ruffian whose life he had saved before a jury. Soon 
 after leaving West Point he had accepted the commission 
 of Lieutenant in the Baldwin County Blues, and the above 
 mentioned report commends in high terms his military 
 services during the war, his comrades ranking him as 
 "foremost among his equals." 
 
 LASHBROOKE, PETER, of Kentucky. In 1858 he 
 was in California. Later he resided at Maysville, Ken- 
 tucky, from which a definite statement that he is dead 
 has been received, but giving neither date nor place. 
 Nothing respecting his war record has been learned. 
 
32 HALF CENTURY RECORD 
 
 LEECH, WILLIAM ALBERT, of Pennsylvania. He 
 served as Major of the I7th Pennsylvania Infantry, a three 
 months regiment, from April 25, 1861, to its muster out 
 on August 2, 1 86 1. He reentered the Volunteer service 
 as Lieutenant Colonel of the 9<Dth Pennsylvania Infantry 
 on February 19, 1862. His service throughout the entire 
 war was with the Army of the Potomac, often in command 
 of his regiment, and he received the brevets of Colonel 
 and Brigadier General for gallant services. He married 
 the sister of Greble of the Class, and was an attorney 
 at law, after the war, until his death at Philadelphia on 
 July 20, 1870. 
 
 LEE, G. W. C., at large. Early in 1861 he was on duty 
 as assistant in the office of the Chief Engineer of the 
 Army, and had been charged by General Totten with 
 the duty of putting Fort Washington in a state of defense. 
 Unwilling to tender his resignation leaving an important 
 duty unperformed, he withheld it for several days after 
 his father had left the service, and it was accepted on 
 May 2. He was appointed Major in the Provisional Army 
 of Virginia on May 10, and Captain of Engineers in the 
 Confederate Army on July i, 1861. He was engaged in 
 the construction of the fortifications of Richmond ; was 
 appointed Aide-de-camp on the Staff of President Davis, 
 with the rank of Colonel of Cavalry, on August 31, 1861 ; 
 was promoted to be Brigadier General on June 25, 1863, 
 and placed in command of the local defenses of Richmond ; 
 was made Major General on October 20, 1864, and com- 
 manded a division that after gallant service at Sailor's 
 Creek shared the general fate of the Army. After the 
 war he became professor of military and civil engineering 
 and applied mechanics at the Virginia Military Institute, 
 holding office from October i, 1865, to February i, 1871, 
 when he succeeded his father as president of the Wash- 
 ington and Lee University, retiring in July, 1897, and 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES 33 
 
 becoming president emeritus. The degree of LL.D. was 
 conferred upon him by Tulane University in 1887, and he 
 was elected fellow of the Society of Sciences, Letters, and 
 Arts, of England, in 1888. His present address is Post 
 Office Burke, Fairfax County, Virginia. 
 
 LEE, STEPHEN DILL, of South Carolina. He resigned 
 on February 20, 1861, and prior to the fall of Fort Sumter 
 was a Captain of South Carolina troops, serving as Aide- 
 de-camp to General Beauregard. With Colonel Chestnut 
 he carried the order to open fire upon the fort. Soon 
 after he was appointed Captain in the Confederate Army, 
 and went to Virginia in command of the light battery of 
 the Hampton Legion. On November 8, 1861, he was 
 promoted to be Major in the Provisional Army; on 
 May 9, 1862, Lieutenant Colonel; and in July, 1862, 
 Colonel of Artillery. He took part in the battles near 
 Richmond in 1862, temporarily commanding the 4th Vir- 
 ginia Cavalry in a manner to win the commendation of 
 General Lee. In the Pope campaign he again distin- 
 guished himself in command of a battalion of artillery, 
 and was promoted to be Brigadier General for conspicuous 
 services at Antietam, dating from November 6, 1862. 
 With this new rank he was transferred to the west to 
 command the garrison and river batteries at Vicksburg. 
 During the siege he took an active part in the battles 
 both before and outside the defenses. On being exchanged, 
 after the surrender, he was promoted to be Major General, 
 dating from August 3, 1863, and was assigned to command 
 all the Cavalry east of the Mississippi. When General Polk 
 was transferred to Dalton, General Lee succeeded him in 
 command of the department, with the rank of Lieutenant 
 General, dating from June 23, 1864, and when General 
 Hood relieved General Johnston he was assigned to com- 
 mand the Corps of the former. He was actively engaged 
 in the campaign, being wounded in a rear guard fight on 
 
34 HALF CENTURY RECORD 
 
 the day after the battle of Nashville, but was able to 
 resume the command of his Corps in North Carolina before 
 the final surrender of General Johnston. For further details 
 of his war record see National Cyclopedia of American 
 Biography, Volume V, page 414. 
 
 The war being over, General Lee became a planter in 
 Mississippi, and later the president of the Mississippi 
 Agricultural and Mechanical College from the date of its 
 opening in 1880 to 1899, wne n he resigned to become a 
 commissioner of the Vicksburg National Military Park. 
 He has been chosen Commanding General of the United 
 Confederate Veterans. Although generally holding himself 
 aloof from politics, he served one term as State Senator, 
 and was a member of the Constitutional Convention that 
 framed the present constitution of Mississippi. His present 
 address is Columbus, Mississippi. 
 
 General Lee has contributed several important papers 
 relative to the western campaigns, especially those in and 
 about Vicksburg, to the Mississippi Historical Society, of 
 which he is president ; and in the twelfth volume of the 
 Confederate Military History edited by General Evans will 
 be found an interesting paper from his pen, entitled, " The 
 South Since the War." As will be seen from the following 
 tables, it was General Lee's fortune to attain higher mili- 
 tary rank than any other of the Class, and his record shows 
 that it was won by gallant and distinguished service. He 
 voiced his West Point training when, on July 4, 1894, he 
 said at Jackson, Mississippi : " If we wish our children to 
 love our country, they must be taught to love its flag and 
 be proud of it. It is an object lesson of patriotism. It 
 floats over a grand country and a proud and loyal peo- 
 ple, who have been tried by fire and blood, foreign and 
 internal." 
 
 LONG, JOHN OSMOND, at large. He attained the 
 grade of Colonel and Inspector General in the Confederate 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES 35 
 
 service, and was captured in the Peninsular campaign of 
 1862. After the war he held the appointment of barrack 
 master at Tampa, Florida, for a few years, but in a moment 
 of desperation shot himself to death there on August 3, 
 1875, aged forty-two years. 
 
 MERCER, JOHN T., of Georgia. After resigning his 
 commission, on April 26, 1861, he returned to Georgia; 
 and on the official return of troops mustered into the 
 Confederate service of date September 30, 1861, his name 
 appears as Lieutenant Colonel commanding the 2ist Georgia 
 Infantry serving at Manassas. On the return dated Decem- 
 ber 31, 1 86 1, he is borne as Colonel of that regiment, which 
 it is noted is enlisted for the war. It took part in the 
 operations in the valley of Virginia between May 23 and 
 June 9, 1862; and General Ewell, in his report, notes: 
 "The 2 ist Georgia, Colonel Mercer, gallantly dashed into 
 the western part of the town [Winchester] and drove back 
 the advanced posts of the enemy." In his report of the 
 action at Cross Keys he states, "That officer is reported 
 to have handled his regiment with great skill." This 
 doubtless refers to the report of Mercer's brigade com- 
 mander, General Trimble, who mentions him with commen- 
 dation. In the Chancellorsville campaign Mercer also 
 distinguished himself ; and General Doles, his brigade 
 commander, wrote of him, " I cannot speak in terms too 
 high." On May 20, 1863, General Lee recommended him 
 to President Davis to command a brigade, adding, "He has 
 been educated at West Point and served several years in 
 the army." This seems to have been without effect, since 
 in the Gettysburg campaign the returns show him as com- 
 manding his regiment forming part of Doles's Brigade, 
 Rodes's Division, of the 2d Corps. Mercer's own report 
 shows that the regiment was engaged in and near the 
 town and did effective service, although not suffering seri- 
 ous loss. At Mine Run it was in position, but did not 
 
36 HALF CENTURY RECORD 
 
 take an active part. The return of December 31, 1863, 
 shows the regiment still in Doles's Brigade, but soon after 
 it was detached to accompany General Hoke's expedition 
 against Plymouth, North Carolina. Another regiment of 
 the brigade went with it, and it appears that Mercer com- 
 manded both; for in the action of February i, 1864, near 
 Stevens Fork, he commanded two regiments in a success- 
 ful flanking movement. On April 14, 1864, he was relieved 
 from the command of the outposts at Kinston, and took 
 part in the attack on Plymouth. On the i8th he fell in 
 leading the assault on redoubt No. 85 of the defenses of 
 that place. 
 
 In our last year at West Point Mercer and myself were 
 thrown much together by objects of common interest, in- 
 cluding pistol shooting. We had brought one back from 
 furlough, and we frequently practiced together on a narrow 
 ledge below Flirtation Walk on Saturday afternoons. This 
 ledge was invisible from above and had two exits in oppo- 
 site directions, in case a sudden retreat should become 
 necessary by reason of Sergeant Owens. Mercer was an 
 excellent shot, and his soldierly character inspired the 
 respect and regard of all who knew him intimately. 
 
 MONTGOMERY, JAMES G., at large. He entered the 
 Confederate service in April, 1861, in a regiment known 
 as the ist Georgia Regulars. At one time it formed 
 part of General Toombs's Brigade, but was transferred to 
 that of General Anderson before the battle at Sharpsburg, 
 September 17, 1862, when Montgomery, having attained the 
 rank of Senior Captain, was so seriously wounded in the 
 head by a bullet as to be incapacitated for further service 
 during the war. Subsequently he was for a time State 
 librarian of Georgia, and later was the first incumbent 
 of the office of school commissioner of that State. He 
 removed from Atlanta to Augusta, where he was suc- 
 cessively employed in a bank, in a warehouse, and in the 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES 37 
 
 railroad service. He then became treasurer of his town, 
 and finally has retired from active business. His present 
 address is Augusta, Georgia. 
 
 MULLINS, JOHN, of Mississippi. His early home was 
 near Oxford, Lafayette County, Mississippi. Resigning 
 his commission in April, 1861, his first service in the war 
 was as Major of Cavalry, but he was soon transferred to 
 the i Qth Mississippi Infantry as Major, and rose to be Lieu- 
 tenant Colonel. At the battle of Williamsburg, May 4-5, 
 1862, he received a severe wound in the hip which disabled 
 him for the rest of the war. At the outbreak of hostilities, 
 before Norfolk was taken, he had married a lady residing 
 near that city, and in 1867 or 1868 he removed from Oxford 
 to Norfolk, Virginia, and made that his home. He died 
 there on October 3, 1891. 
 
 O'CONNOR, EDGAR, of Wisconsin. He resigned his 
 commission in the Army on October 22, 1858, and became 
 a lumber merchant at Beloit, Michigan. He was appointed 
 Colonel of the 2d Wisconsin Infantry on August 2, 1861, 
 and assumed command at Fort Corcoran in the defenses 
 of Washington on August 3. He served continuously 
 with the regiment, which when mustered into the United 
 States service numbered ten hundred and forty-five men. 
 It took no part in the Peninsular campaign, remaining 
 with General McDowell's command. In the Pope cam- 
 paign it was attached to Gibbon's Brigade of King's Divi- 
 sion, and in the battle of August 28, 1862, while advancing 
 from Gainesville toward Centerville, Colonel O'Connor was 
 killed. General Gibbon reported : " The gallant Colonel 
 O'Connor, 2d Wisconsin, fell mortally wounded while 
 placing his regiment in position." In his report to Gen- 
 eral Pope General McDowell states: "The troops behaved 
 most creditably. The loss in Gibbon's Brigade was severe 
 in both officers and men. The gallant Colonel O'Connor, 
 
38 HALF CENTURY RECORD 
 
 2d Wisconsin * * * were killed." That he was a sterling 
 man is known to the Class, and to none better than to 
 myself, who was his roommate for several months. 
 
 PEGRAM, JOHN, of Virginia. Shortly after his resigna- 
 tion, in May, 1861, he was appointed Captain of Cavalry 
 in the Confederate Army and was rapidly promoted, serv- 
 ing as Lieutenant Colonel in the opening campaign in 
 West Virginia, where, with his command of about five 
 hundred men, he was captured by General McClellan in 
 June, 1 86 1. After exchange he served as Chief Engineer 
 on the Staff of General Bragg, and later as Chief of Staff 
 to General E. K. Smith. He was promoted to be Brigadier 
 General on November 7, 1862, and was assigned to a Cav- 
 alry command in the west, where he served until after the 
 battle of Chickamauga in 1863. He was then assigned 
 to an Infantry command in the Army of Northern Vir- 
 ginia, serving for a short time in the valley, but chiefly 
 with the main Army. Early in 1864 he was wounded, 
 but not severely ; but in command of Early's old division 
 he received another and fatal wound at Hatcher's Run, 
 which caused his death on February 6, 1865. He had 
 married Miss Cary, of Baltimore, only a few days before. 
 His commission of Major General is said to have been 
 made out at the time of his death. His bright, intelligent 
 face and genial ways at West Point will be forgotten by 
 none of us. 
 
 FENDER, WILLIAM DORSEY, of North Carolina. 
 He resigned his commission in March, 1861, and was 
 very early appointed Captain of Artillery in the Provisional 
 Army, first recruiting in Baltimore. On May 16, 1861, he 
 was elected Colonel of the 3d North Carolina Infantry, 
 and on August 15 was transferred to the 6th Regiment 
 of that State. At the battle of Fair Oaks he was pro- 
 moted on the field, by President Davis, to be Brigadier 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES 39 
 
 General, his commission dating June 3, 1862. He was 
 wounded at Chantilly, and again at Fredericksburg, and 
 again at Chancellorsville. On May 27, 1863, he was pro- 
 moted to be Major General. He was mortally wounded 
 on the second day at Gettysburg when commanding a 
 division of A. P. Hill's Corps, and died at Staunton on 
 July 1 8, 1863, after the amputation of his leg. General 
 Lee wrote : "The loss of Major General Fender is severely 
 felt by this Army and the country. He served with this 
 Army from the beginning of the war, and took a dis- 
 tinguished part in all its engagements. Wounded on 
 several occasions, he never left his command in action 
 until he received the injury that resulted in his death." 
 He had married a sister of Shepperd of the Class. 
 
 PHILLIPS, JAMES WALLACE, of Pennsylvania. He, 
 Harrington, and Bliss were my roommates in No. 10, 
 Old North Barracks, during our plebe year, and we all 
 thought it very hard that he should be compelled to leave 
 the Academy, January, 1852, solely from lack of skill in 
 drawing. He was a marvelous swimmer, and I once saw 
 him bring up an ancient cannon ball off Gee's Point, where 
 it had probably lain since the Revolution. Naturally I 
 have made every effort to trace his career, and at one 
 time thought I had discovered it in that of Lieutenant 
 Colonel J. W. Phillips, of the i8th Pennsylvania Cavalry, 
 but it proved to be an error. He was not our classmate. 
 Nothing has been learned respecting the latter by an 
 extended correspondence. 
 
 RANDAL, HORACE, of Texas. Early in the war he 
 raised a regiment of Texan Cavalry, and commanded a 
 brigade long before he held the commission of Brigadier 
 General. His service was all in the west, and largely 
 in the Trans-Mississippi Department, commanding a brig- 
 ade in Walker's Division. He was recommended as Brig- 
 
40 HALF CENTURY RECORD 
 
 adier General by General E. Kirby Smith on November 8, 
 
 1863, for good conduct in the battle of Milliken's Bend, 
 where his Cavalry brigade served as Infantry, and again 
 by General Richard Taylor on April 8, 1864, for good 
 conduct in the battle of Mansfield of that date. His 
 commission was finally issued dating from April 8, 1864, 
 but did not come to hand until after his death on April 30, 
 
 1864, when he was killed in the battle of Jenkins Ferry. 
 The following order was issued by General E. Kirby Smith 
 on May 3, 1864: "Soldiers of the Trans-Mississippi De- 
 partment : Once more in the hour of victory we are called 
 upon to mourn the heroic dead. Generals W. R. Scurry 
 and Horace Randal have fallen upon the field of honor. 
 At Jenkins Ferry they offered themselves up, precious 
 victims of liberty. * * * The colors of their respective 
 brigades will be draped in mourning for thirty days." 
 
 ROBERTSON, WILLIAM R., of Virginia. General 
 Custis Lee writes : " I either saw or heard of Robertson 
 during the early part of the war (1861-65). He lived in 
 Lynchburg, Virginia ; and as I did not hear anything of 
 him during the time that I lived in Lexington, Virginia, 
 not far off, I presume he died during the war." 
 
 ROGERS, CHARLES GEDDINGS, of Virginia. Shortly 
 after graduating he married Miss Mary Campbell, and re- 
 signed his commission on February i, 1855, to become 
 Professor of Mathematics and Natural Science at Giles 
 College, Pulaski, Tennessee. Joining the Confederate 
 Army in 1861, he held Staff appointments throughout the 
 war; first as Adjutant General to General Bushrod John- 
 son, then on the Staff of General John C. Brown, and 
 finally, with the rank of Lieutenant Colonel on the Staff 
 of General Joseph Wheeler, holding this position to the 
 end of the war. After that he resumed his profession as 
 teacher at Memphis until 1869, when he returned to Giles 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES 41 
 
 College and remained until September, 1879; tnen g m g 
 to Nashville, where he was at first an assistant at the Hume 
 School, and then principal at the Third Ward School, and 
 finally, in 1885, was transferred to the Main Street School. 
 As a member of the Board of Visitors at the Naval 
 Academy he had had the pleasure of seeing one of his 
 sons graduate, in 1873, number twelve in his class. He 
 died at Nashville, Tennessee, on February 24, 1888. 
 
 SCOTT, WILLIAM PARKIN, of Maryland. He was 
 born on June 25, 1832, and died on May 4, 1875. On 
 leaving the Academy, in 1854, he returned to Baltimore, 
 where he took up the study of law, and was admitted to 
 the bar in 1857; he continued in active practice until the 
 war broke out. A document in the Official Records shows 
 that he early signed a declaration in favor of an immediate 
 recognition of the independence of the Confederate States, 
 and of the secession of Maryland in case Virginia seceded. 
 It was his purpose, in 1861, to enlist with his two brothers 
 in the Confederate service ; but being advised by his physi- 
 cian that in the delicate state of his health he could not 
 survive the exposure for three months, he left Baltimore 
 for England, where he remained until the close of the 
 war. He returned to Baltimore and resumed the practice 
 of law, which continued to the time of his death. He 
 never married. 
 
 SHERBURNE, JOHN P., of New Hampshire. He re- 
 ceived the appointment of Second Lieutenant, ist Infantry, 
 on June 27, 1856; First Lieutenant on April 8, 1861 ; 
 Captain iQth Infantry, October 24, 1861 ; Major, Assistant 
 Adjutant General, July 17, 1862 ; and was mustered out 
 of the regular service on December 28, 1870. He received 
 the brevets of Lieutenant Colonel and Colonel for faithful 
 and meritorious service. He was Colonel of the nth New 
 York Cavalry from March 8, 1864, to March 15, 1865, 
 
42 HALF CENTURY RECORD 
 
 when he resigned. After leaving the service he went to 
 California, where he died on January 9, 1880. 
 
 SMALLEY, HENRY ADAMS, of Vermont. Having 
 reached the grade of First Lieutenant, 2d Artillery, on 
 April 25, 1 86 1, he was appointed Colonel of the 5th Ver- 
 mont Infantry on September 16, 1861, and resigned on 
 September 10, 1862. He resigned from the regular service 
 on March 8, 1865, and became assistant editor of the New 
 York Star. Later he was employed in the Department of 
 Public Works in New York City. Still later he became 
 receiver for several institutions and private parties, but on 
 February 2, 1877, he was adjudicated a bankrupt. He died 
 of pneumonia at the Roosevelt Hospital in New York City 
 on May 13, 1888, aged fifty-four years. 
 
 SMEAD, ABNER, of Georgia. Leaving the United States 
 service on April n, 1861, he held various Staff positions 
 in the Confederate service, attaining the grade of Colonel. 
 He was Provost Marshal of Jackson's Corps, Army of 
 Northern Virginia, and even then was suffering from the 
 effects of the fall of his horse just before graduation. 
 Later he served on the Staff of General Early in the 
 raid on Washington in 1864, being his Inspector General. 
 After the war he studied medicine, taught mathematics in 
 the University of Virginia, and practiced medicine in that 
 State until 1877, when he went to California. He was 
 professor of mathematics and natural sciences at the 
 St. Augustine College at Benicia for some years, and then 
 went to Oregon, where he became contract surgeon with 
 the rank of Captain, and in 1885-86 medical officer at the 
 Government works in progress at the cascades of the 
 Columbia. Later he practiced medicine at the town of 
 Fossil, in Oregon, until 1890, when he returned to the 
 East. He then practiced medicine in the town of Salem, 
 Virginia, until his death, which occurred on July 24, 1904, 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES 43 
 
 from angina pectoris. In early life he married the sister 
 of Gordon, of the Class, daughter of Captain Gordon, 
 U.S.N. She survived him only a few months, dying at 
 Richmond, Virginia, in October, 1905. 
 
 SMEAD, JOHN RADCLIFF, at large. At the out- 
 break of hostilities, being on duty with the Coast Survey 
 at Washington, District of Columbia, he was detached, at 
 the request of General Stone, to serve with the District 
 of Columbia Volunteers. He was assigned to Company A 
 of the 3d Battalion (National Rifles), with the rank of Cap- 
 tain, but commanding the battalion by virtue of date of 
 commission. He served with this command from April 15 
 to July 15, 1861, taking part in General Stone's expedition 
 to the Upper Potomac. After this three months' service, 
 having in the meantime been promoted to be Captain in 
 the 5th Artillery, he preferred to join his battery (K). He 
 saw active service at Yorktown, the Chickahominy bridges, 
 Mechanicsville, and Malvern Hill ; and was recommended 
 for a brevet by General Fitz John Porter, on July 16, for 
 gallant conduct. Attached to General Morell's Division 
 of the 5th Corps at the second battle of Bull Run, on 
 August 30, 1862, while advancing his battery in column 
 to take position, he was struck on the head by a cannon 
 ball and instantly killed. He was only thirty-two years of 
 age, and left a widow and one son. His record had been 
 so distinguished that General Barnard recommended that 
 one of the defensive works of Washington should be named 
 in his honor, and this was done by General Order 83, 
 Adjutant General's Office, April i, 1863, which designated 
 " the battery west of Fort De Russy " to bear his name. 
 
 SPLANE, PEYTON R., of Louisiana. He died at 
 Pattersonville, Louisiana, from yellow fever, on October 12, 
 1854, in the twenty-first year of his age. The following 
 tribute to his memory is quoted from a newspaper of that 
 
44 HALF CENTURY RECORD 
 
 date : " In noticing the death of this amiable and most 
 worthy young man, far be it from the writer to murmur at 
 the decrees of an inscrutable Providence, or to indulge 
 in the stale adulation of obituary praise. It would neither 
 soothe the sorrow of his manifold friends nor dispel the 
 gloom of a fond sister's and brother's bereavement. A 
 more amiable and promising young man we never have 
 known. Devoted to his relatives, warmly attached to his 
 friends, manly in bearing, affable in manner, open and 
 generous in disposition, he was universally esteemed by 
 his acquaintances, and beloved and admired by his friends 
 and relatives. Stricken down by an attack of a malignant 
 disease, his naturally delicate constitution suddenly yielded ; 
 and the patient, after calmly bearing his intense sufferings, 
 gradually and without a murmur sunk to the tomb." He 
 was thus the second of the Class to pass away. 
 
 SPRATT, JOSEPH, of New York. He served as Captain 
 of Battery H, ist New York Light Artillery, from Octo- 
 ber 21, 1 86 1, until promoted to be Lieutenant Colonel of 
 the loth New York Heavy Artillery, on February 5, 1863. 
 He was discharged for disability on April 5, 1864, and died 
 on April 9, 1865. His mother received a pension. 
 
 STUART, JAMES EWELL BROWN, of Virginia. 
 Before resigning his commission in the Army, on May 14, 
 1 86 1, he had been wounded in an Indian fight on Solo- 
 mons Fork of the Kansas River, on July 29, 1857, and had 
 acted as aide to Lieutenant Colonel R. E. Lee in the 
 suppression of the John Brown raid on Harpers Ferry in 
 October, 1859. He was appointed Lieutenant Colonel of 
 Confederate Infantry on May 10, 1861, but received a 
 Cavalry command under General Johnston at Harpers 
 Ferry. He was promoted to be Colonel on July 16, 1861, 
 to be Brigadier General on September 24, 1861, and to be 
 Major General on July 25, 1862. He served throughout 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES 45 
 
 the war as Commander of the Cavalry of the Army of 
 Northern Virginia, until he met his fate in the Cavalry 
 action at Yellow Tavern, Virginia, on May n, 1864. He 
 was shot by a soldier who had been dismounted in the 
 charge. Noticing the retiring ranks of his disorganized 
 troopers as he was carried from the field, he cried : " Go 
 back, go back and do your duty as I have done mine, and 
 our country will be safe. Go back, go back ; I had rather 
 die than be whipped." These were his last words on the 
 battlefield. He died at Richmond on May 12, 1864. For 
 further details of his brilliant career reference is made to 
 the National Encyclopedia of American Biography, Vol- 
 ume IV, page 51. General Lee issued the following order 
 on May 20, 1864: "The Commanding General announces 
 to the Army, with heartfelt sorrow, the death of Major 
 General J. E. B. Stuart, late Commander of the Cavalry 
 Corps of the Army of Northern Virginia. Among the 
 gallant soldiers who have fallen in this war, General Stuart 
 was second to none in valor, in zeal, in unflinching devo- 
 tion to his country. His achievements form a conspicuous 
 part of the history of this Army, with which his name and 
 services will be forever associated. To military capacity of 
 a high order and the noble virtues of a soldier he added 
 the brighter graces of a pure life, guided and sustained 
 by the Christian's faith and hope." 
 
 THOMAS, RICHARD, of Maryland. He became con- 
 spicuous in the early days of the war by the capture of 
 the steamer S/. Nicholas. He took passage at Baltimore, 
 disguised as a " French lady " ; and at night, assisted by 
 a few of his men on board, he arrested the captain and 
 officers of the vessel, and ran her to Fredericksburg, Vir- 
 ginia. After the war he resided some years in Paris, but 
 returned in 1873, and died on March 24, 1875, at the 
 residence of his brother in St. Mary's County, Maryland. 
 He was called " Colonel " and may have seen field service 
 in the war, although no record of it has been discovered. 
 
46 HALF CENTURY RECORD 
 
 TURNBULL, CHARLES NESBIT, at large. His 
 father, Major William Turnbull, Topographical Engineers, 
 was a distinguished officer, who received two brevets for 
 gallant service in the battles near the city of Mexico. 
 The son accompanied the expedition to New Orleans in 
 November, 1861, having the rank of First Lieutenant 
 Topographical Engineers, but soon returned sick. He was 
 assigned to recruiting the new company of that Corps and 
 other light duty until May, 1863, when he joined the Army 
 of the Potomac. Having been promoted to be Captain, in 
 July, 1862, he commanded one of the engineer companies 
 and occasionally the battalion attached to the Headquarters 
 of the Army until July, 1864, when he was charged with 
 the construction of fortifications at Baltimore and other 
 localities until the end of the war. He received three 
 brevets for gallant services. In September, 1862, he mar- 
 ried Miss Dale, of Boston; and on December 31, 1865, he 
 resigned his commission and made his home in that city, 
 as a merchant, until his death in December, 1874. He 
 left a widow and two children. 
 
 VILLEPIGUE, JOHN BORDENAVE, of South Caro- 
 lina. He was early appointed Captain of Artillery, and 
 soon became Colonel of the 36th Georgia Infantry, having 
 resigned his United States commission on March 31, 1861. 
 He commanded Fort McRae, Pensacola, in the naval bom- 
 bardment of November 22, 1861, where he was severely 
 wounded. Soon after he served on General Bragg' s Staff 
 as Chief of Engineers and Artillery. He was promoted 
 to be Brigadier General on March 13, 1862. Assigned to 
 the command of Fort Pillow, on the Mississippi, he defended 
 it during a bombardment lasting fifty-two days, and finally 
 blew up the fort on June 4, 1862, and withdrew his force 
 intact. Later he commanded the 2d Brigade, ist Division, 
 Army of the Mississippi, and distinguished himself at the 
 battle of Corinth in October, 1862. His health failing, 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES 47 
 
 he was sent to Port Hudson, where he died of fever on 
 November 2, 1862. He is said to have received a sword 
 presented to "the most gallant man from South Carolina." 
 At West Point he was our senior captain, respected and 
 beloved by the Class. 
 
 WADE, LEVI L., of Tennessee. At the graduation of 
 the Class his health was so seriously impaired that he 
 failed to receive a commission. He went to Florence, 
 Alabama, and died there on September 13, 1854, the first 
 of our number to pass away. He was beloved by us all. 
 
 WEED, STEPHEN H., of New York. Promoted to 
 be Captain in the 5th Artillery on May 14, 1861, he took 
 an active part in the Peninsular campaign, serving chiefly 
 with the 5th Corps. His battery was engaged at the 
 New Bridge on the Chickahominy on June 20, at Gaines 
 Mill on June 27, where he was slightly wounded, and at 
 Malvern Hill on both days. In the Pope campaign he 
 served as Chief of Artillery of the 2d Division, 5th Corps, 
 commanding four batteries and receiving commendation 
 in the report of General Sykes. In the Antietam cam- 
 paign his battery fired one thousand rounds. At Freder- 
 icksburg, in December, 1862, he was Chief of Artillery 
 of the 5th Corps, and was commended in the reports of 
 Generals Hunt, Wilcox, and Butterfield. At Chancellors- 
 ville he held the same position, and General Meade in his 
 report stated, " I take this occasion to notice with com- 
 mendation the zeal, intelligence, and activity of Captain 
 Weed." General Fitz John Porter had recommended that 
 he receive a brevet for his services on the Chickahominy 
 and at Malvern Hill; and General Butterfield, on Decem- 
 ber 17, 1862, recommended him for promotion as Brigadier 
 General of Volunteers for "gallantry and good service in 
 the attack of December 13 and subsequent operations to 
 this date. Captain Weed's judgment, energy, and bravery 
 
48 HALF CENTURY RECORD 
 
 were beyond praise. His merits as an educated and experi- 
 enced officer are well known. He seeks the post of honor 
 and danger on the field, and has proven his capacity for 
 promotion." The commission was finally issued, bearing 
 date of June 6, 1863, and General Weed was assigned to 
 command the 3d Brigade, 2d Division, of the 5th Corps. 
 He was killed, on July 2, holding Round Top, the key 
 point at Gettysburg. Colonel Garrard, who succeeded him, 
 states in his report : " A few moments after General Weed, 
 the brigade commander, had placed his command in position 
 near this ridge he was mortally wounded on the summit 
 near the battery. Lieutenant Hazlett, commanding the 
 battery, while offering his assistance to General Weed fell 
 mortally wounded." General Sykes states in his report : 
 " General Weed had been conspicuous during the war, won 
 and adorned his promotion, and surrendered it and his 
 life on the spot he was called upon to defend." On Sep- 
 tember I, 1863, General Sykes, commanding the 5th Corps, 
 wrote : " Pursuant to the provisions of circular from Head- 
 quarters Army of the Potomac of this date, I have the 
 honor to submit the names of the following officers whose 
 memory should be perpetuated in the history of their coun- 
 try, both from distinguished services and from having 
 yielded up their lives in its defense, (i) Brigadier Gen- 
 eral Stephen H. Weed, United States Volunteers. Dis- 
 tinguished at Gaines Mill, June 27, 1862; Malvern Hill, 
 June 30 and July I, 1862; Bull Run, No. 2, August 30, 
 1862; Antietam, September 17, 1862; Fredericksburg, 
 December 13, 1862; Chancellorsville, especially May i, 
 2, and 3, 1863 ; and Gettysburg, July 2, 1863, where he 
 lost his life ***.'' On September 4, 1863, General 
 Barnard recommended that "Redoubt A, near Fort Lyon 
 [in the defenses of Washington], be called Fort Weed, 
 after Stephen H. Weed, Captain 5th Artillery, Brigadier 
 General Volunteers, killed July 2, 1863, at Gettysburg, 
 Pennsylvania." This was done, and it has always been 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES 49 
 
 a pleasure to me that a work I constructed when recover- 
 ing from the Chickahominy fever should bear the name 
 of a classmate. 
 
 WIDUP, CYRUS F., of Indiana. Little has been 
 learned of his life after leaving the Military Academy. 
 He was a clerk in one of the departments at Washington, 
 where I met him in the autumn and winter of 1854-55. 
 
 WILSON, GEORGE REED, of Pennsylvania. He was 
 for a short time assistant State engineer of Louisiana in 
 1858. He attained the rank of Major in the Confederate 
 service, and was Aide-de-camp on the Staff of General 
 Hebert in 1861. After the war he was employed for a 
 short time by the Quartermaster at New Orleans as 
 captain of a Red River steamboat. 
 
 WOOD, ROBERT CROOKS, JR., at large. He was the 
 son of Assistant Surgeon General R. C. Wood, and grand- 
 son of President Zachary Taylor. He was appointed 
 Second Lieutenant 2d Cavalry on March 3, 1855, and 
 resigned his commission on January I, 1858. He had 
 been wounded in an Indian fight at Concho River, Texas, 
 on February 12, 1857. In the war he was Lieutenant 
 Colonel, and probably Colonel, of a regiment of Mississippi 
 Cavalry. General Bingham writes : " I met him in Wash- 
 ington after the war. He said he was in command of a 
 regiment of Confederate Cavalry which annoyed us on 
 the march to Meridian, Mississippi, in February, 1864, 
 and came very near capturing General Sherman and Staff, 
 of which I was a member. I remember the occasion very 
 well, and how near we came to being captured." After 
 the war Wood made his home at New Orleans, and died 
 on December 4, 1900, it is believed at that city. 
 
50 HALF CENTURY RECORD 
 
 WRIGHT, THOMAS FORSTER, at large. Few men 
 have shown a stronger bias for Army service than our 
 classmate, " Ancient Tom." After unsuccessful trials in 
 three classes he went to California and joined the Nica- 
 ragua expedition under Walker as Quartermaster. Escap- 
 ing unharmed, he received a commission as First Lieutenant 
 and Regimental Quartermaster in the 2d California Cavalry 
 on October 2, 1861. This he resigned on January 31, 
 1863, to accept on the following day that of Major of the 
 6th California Infantry. He transferred to become Major 
 of the 2d California Infantry on October 3, 1864; was 
 promoted to be Lieutenant Colonel on November 23, 1864, 
 and to be Colonel on January 6, 1865. He was honorably 
 mustered out of service on April 16, 1866. It appears 
 that the regiment did not leave the Pacific coast, being 
 employed in keeping the Indians in order; but he was 
 brevetted Brigadier General of Volunteers for faithful and 
 meritorious services. On the 28th of the following July 
 he was appointed First Lieutenant of the 32d Infantry, 
 and served as Regimental Quartermaster from July 15, 
 1867, to May 12, 1869, when he passed to the unassigned 
 list. He was assigned to the I2th Infantry on January 31, 
 1870, and served as Regimental Adjutant from March 8 
 to June 8, 1870. He was killed on April 26, 1873, in an 
 action with the Modoc Indians at the Lava Beds in South- 
 ern Oregon. Although several of the Class were wounded 
 in these Indian wars, he was the only member to lose his 
 life in them. 
 
STATISTICAL TABLES 
 
52 
 
 HALF CENTURY RECORD 
 
 Jiit 
 
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 111 
 
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STATISTICAL TABLES 
 
 53 
 
 
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54 
 
 HALF CENTURY RECORD 
 
 TABLE II NECROLOGY IN ORDER OF DATE 
 
 In all 59, of whom 16 (italics) were killed in action. 
 
 Wade, Levi L. 
 
 Sept. 13, 
 
 i854 
 
 At Florence, Ala. 
 
 Splane, P. R. 
 
 Oct. 12, 
 
 1854 
 
 At Pattersonville, La. 
 
 Shepperd, S. T. 
 
 June 27, 
 
 1855 
 
 At Fort Leavenworth, Kan. 
 
 Kinsey, Samuel 
 
 July 14, 
 
 1855 
 
 At Washington, D. C. 
 
 Davant, W. M. 
 
 Oct. i, 
 
 1855 
 
 Drowned in Rio Grande near Fort Duncan 
 
 Palmer, Waterman, Jr. 
 
 Nov. 1 8, 
 
 1855 
 
 At Fort Moultrie, S. C. 
 
 Dick, G. McGunigle 
 
 July 31, 
 
 1856 
 
 At Camp Cooper, Tex. 
 
 Wright, T. J. 
 
 April 30, 
 
 1857 
 
 Found dead near Chicago, 111. 
 
 Wright, James 
 
 Oct. 26, 
 
 1857 
 
 At Albuquerque, N. M. 
 
 Daniell, William S. 
 
 May 2, 
 
 1860 
 
 At Savannah, Ga. 
 
 Greble,John T. 
 
 June 10, 
 
 1861 
 
 Killed near Big Bethel, Va. 
 
 Clay, Henry, Jr. 
 
 June 5, 
 
 1862 
 
 At Louisville, Ky. Disability. 
 
 O'Connor, Edgar 
 
 Aug. 28, 
 
 1862 
 
 Killed at Groveton, Va. 
 
 Smead,John R. 
 
 Aug. 30, 
 
 1862 
 
 Killed at Manassas, Va. 
 
 Villepigue, J. B. 
 
 Nov. 9, 
 
 1862 
 
 At Port Hudson, La. Disability. 
 
 Harrington, F. A, 
 
 Jan. i, 
 
 1863 
 
 Killed at Stone River, Tenn. 
 
 Davis, Benjamin F. 
 
 June 9, 
 
 1863 
 
 Killed at Beverly Ford, Va. 
 
 Weed, Stephen ff. 
 
 July 2, 
 
 1863 
 
 Killed at Gettysburg, Pa. 
 
 Fender, William D. 
 
 July 18, 
 
 1863 
 
 Mortally wounded at Gettysburg, Pa. 
 
 Deshler, James 
 
 Sept. 20, 
 
 1863 
 
 Killed at Chickamauga, Ga. 
 
 Colquitt, Peyton H, 
 
 Sept. , 
 
 1863 
 
 Killed at Chickamauga, Ga. 
 
 Brown, Samuel C. 
 
 Sept. 22, 
 
 1863 
 
 Mortally wounded at Chickamauga, Ga. 
 
 Mercer, John 7*. 
 
 April 19, 
 
 1864 
 
 Killed at Plymouth, N. C. 
 
 Randal, Horace 
 
 April 30, 
 
 1864 
 
 Killed at Jenkins Ferry, Ark. 
 
 Stuart, J. E. B. 
 
 May 12, 
 
 1864 
 
 Mortally wounded at Yellow Tavern, Va. 
 
 Grade, Archibald, Jr. 
 
 Dec. 2, 
 
 1864 
 
 Killed near Petersburg, Va. 
 
 Pegram, John 
 
 Feb. 6, 
 
 1865 
 
 Killed near Petersburg, Va. 
 
 Spratt, Joseph 
 
 April 9, 
 
 1865 
 
 Discharged for disability, April 5, 1864 
 
 McCleary, John 
 
 Feb. 28, 
 
 1868 
 
 At Charleston, S. C. 
 
 Leech, William A. 
 
 July 20, 
 
 1870 
 
 At Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Kenan, Lewis H. 
 
 July 3, 
 
 1871 
 
 At Milledgeville, Ga. 
 
 Gay, Ebenezer 
 
 Sept. n, 
 
 1871 
 
 At Nashua, N. H. 
 
 Wright, Thomas F. 
 
 April 26, 
 
 1873 
 
 Killed at Lava Beds, Ore. 
 
 Turnbull, Charles N. 
 
 Dec. 2, 
 
 1874 
 
 At Boston, Mass. 
 
 Thomas, Richard 
 
 March 24, 
 
 1875 
 
 In St. Mary's County, Md. 
 
 Scott, W. Parkin 
 
 May 4, 
 
 1875 
 
 At Baltimore, Md. 
 
 Long, John Osmond 
 
 Aug. 3, 
 
 1875 
 
 At Tampa, Fla. 
 
 Gordon, George A. 
 
 Oct. 26, 
 
 1878 
 
 At Washington, D. C. 
 
 Treadwell, T. J. 
 
 Aug. 2, 
 
 1879 
 
 At Governor's Island, New York Harbor 
 
 Sherbume, J. P. 
 
 Jan. 9, 
 
 1880 
 
 At San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 Hancock, David P. 
 
 May 21, 
 
 1880 
 
 At Harrisburg, Pa. 
 
 Rogers, Charles G. 
 
 Feb. 24, 
 
 1888 
 
 At Nashville, Tenn. 
 
 Holloway, E. F. 
 
 March 24, 
 
 1888 
 
 At Richmond, Madison County, La. 
 
 Smalley, Henry A. 
 
 May 13, 
 
 1888 
 
 At New York City 
 
STATISTICAL TABLES 
 
 55 
 
 Brotherton, D. H. 
 Mullins, John 
 Drum, William F. 
 Kearney, William 
 Carr, Milton T. 
 Bliss, Zenas R. 
 Wood, Robert C., Jr. 
 Black, J. Logan 
 Greene, Oliver D. 
 Smead, Abner 
 Guion, Alexander H. 
 Robertson, W. R. 
 Jesup, William C. 
 Lashbrooke, Peter 
 Wilson, George R. 
 
 Sept. 17, 
 Oct. 3, 
 July 4 
 May 30, 
 May 3, 
 Jan. 2, 
 Dec. 4, 
 March 25, 1902 
 March 19, 1904 
 July 24, 1904 
 
 1889 
 1891 
 1892 
 
 1893 
 1895 
 1900 
 1900 
 
 At Waynesboro, Pa. 
 
 At Norfolk, Va. 
 
 At Fort Yates, N. Dak/ 
 
 Not of record 
 
 Near Wheeling, W. Va. 
 
 At Washington, D. C. 
 
 Not of record, probably New Orleans 
 
 Near Blacksburg, S. C. 
 
 At San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 At Salem, Va. 
 Believed to be dead, but date and place are not known 
 Believed to be dead, but date and place are not known 
 Believed to be dead, but date and place are not known 
 Believed to be dead, but date and place are not known 
 Believed to be dead, but date and place are not known 
 
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