O R^G 6iS E RAl F RAli R O FOR THE GOVERNMENT RATING DEPARTMENT leaving the service. UNITED STATES RAILROAD ADMINISTRATION DIRECTOR GENERAL OF RAILROADS HICAGO AND NORTH WESTERN RAILROAD RULES FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE OPERATING DEPARTMENT TO TAKE EFFECT JUNE 1, 1919 ISSUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STANDARD CODE ADOPTED BY THE AMERICAN RAILWAY ASSOCIATION NOVEMBER 17, 1915. The rules herein set forth govern the railroads operated by the Chicago & North Western Rail- road. They take effect June 1, 1919, superseding all previous rules and instructions inconsistent therewith. Special instructions may be issued by proper authority. Approved: General Manager Federal Manager GENERAL NOTICE Safety is of the first importance in the discharge of duty. Obedience to the rules is essential to safety. To enter or remain in the service is an assurance of willingness to obey the rules. The service demands the faithful, intelligent and courteous discharge of duty. To obtain promotion capacity must be shown for greater responsibility. In case of doubt adopt the safe course. Speed must always be sacrificed for safety. GENERAL RULES. A. Employes whose duties are prescribed by these rules must provide themselves with a copy. Employes whose duties are in any way affected by the time-table must have a copy of the current time-table with them while on duty. B. Employes must be conversant with and obey the rules and special instructions. If in doubt as to their meaning they must apply to proper authority for an explanation. C. Employes must pass the required examina- tions. D. Persons employed in any service on trains are subject to the rules and special instructions* E. Employes must render every assistance in their power in carrying out the rules and special instructions and must report to the proper official any violation thereof. F. Accidents, detention of trains, failure in the supply of water or fuel, or defects in the track, bridges or signals, must be promptly reported by wire to the proper official. G. The use of intoxicants by employes while on duty is prohibited. Their use, or the frequenting of places where they are sold, is sufficient cause for dismissal. H. The use of tobacco by employes while on duty in or about passenger stations, or on pas- senger cars, is prohibited. . J. Employes, on duty must wear the pre- ,'^(jribe$i badge and uniform and be neat in ap- pearance. K. Employes and others authorized to transact business at stations or on or about trains must be orderly and avoid annoyance to patrons. L. In case of danger to the Company's property employes must unite to protect it. M. Every employe must keep the premises subject to his control neat and cleanly, and must take every precaution to guard against loss or damage by fire. N. Minors must not be employed without proper release from parents or guardians. 0. The assignment of wages is prohibited. The attaching of an employe's wages by garnishment process, due to the employe's fault, or proceed- ings in aid of executions, will be considered sufficient cause. for dismissal. DEFINITIONS. ENGINE. A locomotive propelled by any form of energy. MOTOR. A car propelled by any form of energy. TRACK CAR. Any car which may be moved manually off or on track and may be a push car, speeder car, hand car, gang car, or motor car. TRAIN. An engine, or motor, or more than one engine, or motor, coupled, with or without cars, displaying markers. REGULAR TRAIN. A train authorized by a time-table schedule. SECTION. One of two or more trains running on the same schedule displaying signals or for which signals are displayed. EXTRA TRAIN. A train not authorized by a time-table schedule. It may be designated as Extra for any extra train, except work extra; Work extra for work train extra. SUPERIOR TRAIN. A train having precedence over another train. TRAIN OF SUPERIOR RIGHT. A train given precedence by train order. TRAIN OF SUPERIOR CLASS. A train given precedence by time-table. TRAIN OF SUPERIOR DIRECTION. A train given precedence in the direction specified by time- table as between opposing trains of the same class. TIME-TABLE. The authority for the movement of regular trains subject to the rules. It con- tains the classified schedules of trains with special instructions relating thereto. SCHEDULE. That part of a time-table which prescribes class, direction, number and move- ment for a regular train. DIVISION. That portion of a railroad assigned to the supervision of a superintendent. SUBDIVISION. A portion of a division desig- nated by time-table. MAIN TRACK. A track extending through yards and between stations, upon which trains are operated by time-table or train order, or both, or the use of which is governed by block signals. SINGLE TRACK. A main track upon which trains are operated in both directions. DOUBLE TRACK. Two main tracks, upon one of which the current of traffic is in a specified direction, and upon the other in the opposite direction. THREE OR MORE TRACKS. Three or more main tracks, upon any of which the current of traffic may be in either specified direction. CURRENT OF TRAFFIC. The movement of trains on a main track, in one direction, specified by the rules. STATION. A place designated on the time- table by name, at which a train may stop for traffic; or to enter or leave the main track; or from which fixed signals are operated. SIDING. A track auxiliary to the main track for meeting or passing trains. FIXED SIGNAL. A signal of fixed location indicating a condition affecting the movement of a train.* YARD. A system of tracks within defined limits provided for the making up of trains, storing of cars and other purposes, over which movements not authorized by time-table, or by train order, may be made, subject to prescribed signals and rules, or special instructions. YARD ENGINE. An engine assigned to yard service and working within yard limits. PILOT. An employe assigned to a train when the engineman or conductor, or both, are not fully acquainted with the physical characteristics or rules of the railroad, or portion of the railroad, over which the train is to be moved. TRAIN REGISTER. A book or form which may be used at designated stations for registering signals displayed, the time of arrival and de- parture of trains and such other information as may be prescribed. *NOTE TO DEFINITION OF FIXED SIGNAL. The definition of a "Fixed Signal" covers such signals as slow boards, stop boards, yard limits, switch, train order, block, interlocking, semaphore, disc, ball or other means for displaying indications that govern the movement of a train. TRAIN RULES. NOTE. In the train rules for double track, those marked "D," such as rule D-5, rule D-17, etc., either differ in language from the correspond- ing rule (rule 5, rule 17, etc.) of the rules for single track; or are rules used only for double track, as rule D-151, etc. Rules having simple numbers such as rule 1, rule 2, etc., are the same for both single and double track. 10 STANDARD TIME. 1. Standard time obtained from United States standard Observatory will be transmitted to all points from designated offices at ten o'clock a. m., central time, daily. 2. Watches that have been examined and watches certified to by a designated inspector must be used by train dispatchers, road foremen of engines, enginemen, firemen, conductors, flagmen, brake- men, yard-masters, yard-engine foremen, and such employes as may be designated by special instructions. The certificate in prescribed form must b^ renewed and filed with local watch-inspector c every three months. 2a. In addition to the quarterly examination of weekly , , , i i i inspection. watches a weekly inspection by a local inspector is required. (Form of Certificate.) CERTIFICATE OF WATCH INSPECTOR. This is to certify that on . . .. 19 .... Form f certificate. the watch of employed as on the Chicago & North Western Railroad, was examined by me. It is correct and reliable, and, with proper care, should run within a variation of thirty seconds per week. Name of maker Grade Number of movement Open or hunting case Metal of case Signed, Inspector. Address , 11 + FAST - SLOW RUN DOWN D STOPPED []SET () REGULATED Date 19... Set Fast or Slow Why Set or Regu'd Daily Rate Sec. Inspector fill out and sign with ink This card must be presented to some one of the company's watch inspectors each week, who will note the running of the watch. Preserve this card, as it will be taken up and a new one issued at the next inspection. Comparison of watches. Comparison between Trainmen. 3. Watches of conductors and enginemen must be compared befofe commencing each day's work, with a clock designated by time-table as a standard clock. The time when watches are compared must be registered on a prescribed form. 3a. After obtaining standard time, conductors and enginemen must compare time with each other before starting on each trip, or commenc- ing the day's work. Conductors will also 12 compare time with their trainmen and engine- men with their firemen. 36. Conductors, enginemen, yard-masters and TJ^ g yard-foremen who have not access to a standard patcher - clock will obtain correct time from the train dispatcher daily, before commencing their work. 13 TIME-TABLES. SSI^utbfes. Employes concerned in the movement of trains must provide themselves with a copy of the current time-table and acknowledge receipt of same to the division superintendent through the several department heads, and through whom they will be furnished. ume ire tabies. ^U expired time-tables, after comparison with the new time-table, must be destroyed. Sme k tab f ies ^ w ^ ^ e ^ e duty of the chief train dis- patcher to know that each conductor and engine- man before commencing a trip, is provided with a copy of the current time-table. tables 4. Each time-table, from the moment it takes effect, supersedes the preceding time-table, and its schedules take effect on any division, or sub- division, at the leaving time at their initial stations on such division, or subdivision. But when a schedule of the preceding time-table corresponds in number, class, day of leaving, direction, and initial and terminal stations with a schedule of the new time-table, a train author- ized by the preceding time-table will retain its train orders and assume the schedule of the corresponding number of the new time-table. Time tables Schedules on each division, or subdivision, take effect. . . . date from their initial stations on such division, or subdivision. Not more than one schedule of the same num- ber and day shall be in effect on any division, or subdivision. 14 4a. The days on which trains are due to leave i>ays trains run. and arrive at their terminal stations on each sub- division are indicated by schedules. 46. Special rules in a time-table expire with the Bpaai time-table in which they are contained. 5. Not more than two times are given for a Tim es at stations. train at any station; where one is given, it is, unless otherwise indicated, the leaving time; where two, they are the arriving and the leaving time. The time applies to the switch where an inferior where train enters the siding; where there is no siding applies - it applies to the place from which fixed signals are operated; where there is neither siding nor fixed signal, it applies to the place where traffic is received or discharged. Schedule meeting or passing stations are Fuii-faced indicated by figures in full-faced type. Both the arriving and leaving time of a train are in full-faced type when both are meeting or passing times, or when one or more trains are to meet or pass it between those times. When trains are to be met or passed at a siding extending between two adjoining stations, the time at each end of the siding will be shown in full-faced type. 6. The following signs when placed before the schedule figures of the schedule indicate: " s ' ' regular stop ; "f fl a g gtop to receive or discharge pas- sengers or freight; "L" leave; "A" arrive. 15 6a. When placed before the figures of the schedule the following will indicate: "M" meals. "N" luncheon. -Other letters will indicate flag stops as specified by time table. The following signs when placed elsewhere indicate: "F" fuel; "W" water. TT" turntable; Y" wye; "CS" communicating station. SIGNALS. 7. Employes whose duties may require them o gj ve signals, must provide themselves with the proper appliances, keep them in good order and ready for immediate use. use of f/ la. Employes giving signals must locate them- selves so as to be plainly seen, and make them in such a manner as to be readily understood. The utmost care must be used to avoid taking a wrong signal and unless positive a signal is for them will not accept it until advised verbally. When signals from a trainman cannot be seen, train must be stopped immediately. Flags and 8. Flags of the prescribed color must be used by day, and lights of the prescribed color by night. 16 9. Day signals must be displayed from sunrise to sunset, but when day signals cannot be plainly seen, night signals must be used in addition. Night signals must be displayed from sunset to sunrise. 10. COLOR SIGNALS COLOR INDICATION (a) Red. /T^ j Green and red. (b) \ Yellow. Stop. Proceed with caution, and other uses prescribed by Rules. for the (c) Green. (d) Green and white . (e) Blue. Proceed, and for other uses scribed by the Rules. Flag stop. See Rule 28. See Rule 26. pre- 100. A white light may be used in the marker Marker on upper quadrant signals. Wh. A caution signal placed near the track, indicates that trains must proceed at slow speed prepared to stop until a proceed signal is reached. On single track these signals will be placed to the right of the track, and on double track to the left of the track in the direction of current of traffic. 11. A train finding a fusee burning on or near Fus its track must stop and extinguish the fusee, and then proceed with caution prepared to stop short of train or obstruction. lla. Passenger trains need not extinguish fusees. 17 12. HAND, FLAG AND LAMP SIGNALS NOTE The hand, or a flag, moved the same as the lamp, as illustrated in the following diagrams, gives the same indication. MANNER OP USING INDICATION DIAGRAM (a)- Swung- across the track. V Stop. M E (6) Held horizontally at arm's length when the train is moving. ) Reduce f Speed. ri fm 11 f li >^ (c) Raised and lowered vertically. > Proceed. Mir I H B^ 18 MANNER OF USING INDICATION DIAGRAM (d) Swung vertically in a circle at half-arm's ) O-A -.. \4 length across the > Back. x track when the train J is standing. ^ y i Swung vertically in a circle at arm's length across the track when the t.rain is running. Swung horizontally above the head when the train is standing. Train has part- \ \ ed. Apply air brakes. 19 MANNER OF USING INDICATION DIAGRAM (g) Held at arm's length above the head when } Release | the train is standing. air brakes 1 JLJ I 13. Any object waved violently by any one on or near the track is a signal to stop. 20 14. ENGINE AND MOTOR WHISTLE SIGNALS. NOTE. The signals prescribed are illustrated by "o" for short sounds; " " for longer sounds. The sound of the whistle should be distinct, with intensity and duration proportionate to the distance signal is to be conveyed. SOUND INDICATION (a) o 00 - (c) ooo to) o o (h) o o o (j) o o o o (k) o o Apply brakes. Stop. Release brakes. Proceed. Flagman protect rear of train. Flagman may return from west, as prescribed by Rule 99. Flagman may return from east, as prescribed by Rule 99. When running, train parted; to be repeated until an- swered by the signal pre- scribed by Rule 12 (e). Answer to 12 (e). Answer to any signal not otherwise provided for. When train is standing, back. Answer to 12 (d) and 16 (c). When train is run- ning, answer to 16 (d). Call for signals. To call the attention of yard engines, extra trains or trains of the same or in- ferior class or inferior right to signals displayed for a following section. If not answered by a train, the train displaying signals must stop and ascertain the cause. 21 SOUND (0 o o (m) (n) o (o) o (p) Succession of short sounds. D-14. (*) - o o INDICATION Approaching public cross- ings at grade and overhead, and curves where view is obscured. Approaching stations, junc- tions, railroad crossings at grade, intermediate block stations and mail cranes. Approaching meeting points. See Rule 90. Inspect train line for leak. Alarm for persons or live stock on the track. To call the attention of yard engines or of trains moving in the same di- rection to signals dis- played for a following section. If not answered by a train, the train displaying sig- nals must stop and as- certain the cause. 14q. The duration and interval between sounds Duration of whistle sounds. must be as follows: Answering signals. (1) o Duration one second. (2) Duration two seconds. (3) Duration four seconds. (4) Interval between sounds one second. 14r. Should a train on single track or at end of double track fail to answer whistle signal 14 (k) as provided, the train displaying the signals will report the fact to the superintendent from the first communicating office. 22 15. The explosion of two torpedoes is a signal Torpedoes. to reduce speed and look out for a train ahead or obstruction. The explosion of one torpedo will indicate the same as two, but the use of two is required. 16. COMMUNICATING SIGNALS NOTE. The signals prescribed are illustrated by "o" for short sounds; " " for longer sounds. SOUND INDICATION (a) (6) -19. (Outside) (Between tracks) 4 REAR OF TRAIN BY NIGHT RUNNING WITH THE CURRENT OF TRAFFIC ON A LOCAL TRACK. See Rule ^F-273, second paragraph. 31 5- REAR OF TRAIN BY NIGHT WHEN ON SIDING TO BE PASSED BY ANOTHER TRAIN. See Rules 19 and V 6- REAR OF TRAIN BY NIGHT RUNNING WITH THE CURRENT OF TRAFFIC ON AN EXPRESS TRACK. See Rule ^P-273. first paragraph. 32 7- REAR OF TRAIN BY NIGHT RUNNING ON ANY TRACK AGAINST THE CURRENT OF TRAFFIC. See Rule -F-273, third paragraph. 8- PASSENGER CARS BEING PUSHED BY AN ENGINE BY NIGHT. White light on front of leading car. See Rule 24. 33 9-REAR OF FREIGHT TRAIN BY DAY. See Rules 19 and Z>-19. 34 rtP^S" 10 FREIGHT CARS BEING PUSHED BY AN ENGINE BY NIGHT. See Rule 24. (REAR or TENDE* ) 11 ENGINE RUNNING BACKWARD BY NIGHT, WITHOUT CARS OR AT THE FRONT OF A TRAIN PULLING CARS. See Rules 17 and -D-17. 35 12 ENGINE RUNNING FORWARD BY DAY DISPLAYING SIGNALS FOR A FOLLOWING SECTION. See Rule 20. 13 ENGINE RUNNING FORWARD BY NIGHT DISPLAYING SIGNALS FOR A FOLLOWING SECTION. See Rule 20. 36 ENGINE RUNNING BACKWARD BY DAY, WITHOUT CARS OR AT THE REAR OF A TRAIN PUSHING CARS, AND DISPLAYING SIGNALS FOR A FOLLOWING SECTION. See Rules 19, /M9 and 20. 15 ENGINE RUNNING BACKWARD BY NIGHT, WITHOUT CARS OR AT THE REAR OF A TRAIN PUSHING CARS, AND DISPLAYING SIGNALS FOR A FOLLOWING SECTION. See Rules 19, -D-19 and 20. 37 16-ENGINE RUNNING FORWARD BY DAY AS AN EXTRA TRAIN. See Rule 21. 17-ENGINE RUNNING FORWARD BY NIGHT AS AN EXTRA TRAIN. See Rule 21. 38 18- ENGINE RUNNING BACKWARD BY DAY AS AN EXTRA TRAIN; WITHOUT CARS OR AT THE REAR OF A TRAIN PUSHING CARS. See Rules 19. Z>-19 and 21. 9- ENGINE RUNNING BACKWARD BY NIGHT AS AN EXTRA TRAIN. WITHOUT CARS OR AT THE REAR OF A TRAIN PUSHING CARS. See Rules 19. Z>-19 and 21. 39 20- ENGINE RUNNING FORWARD BY DAY, WITHOUT CARS OR AT THE REAR OF A TRAIN PUSHING CARS. See Rules 19 and -O-19. (**** 21- ENGINE RUNNING FORWARD BY NIGHT, WITHOUT CARS OR AT THE REAR OF A TRAIN PUSHING CARS. See Rules 19 and 40 USE OF SIGNALS. 27. A signal imperfectly displayed, or the absence of a signal at a place where a signal is usually shown, must be regarded as the most restrictive indication that can be given by that signal, and the fact reported to the chief train dispatcher. Conductors and enginemen using a switch where the switch light is imperfectly dis- played or absent, must also, if practicable, correct or replace the light. 27a. An imperfectly displayed signal due to imperfectly A . x displayed a lamp not burning, may be restored to normal si nals - condition by train or enginemen relighting the lamp. 28. A green and white signal will be used to ^ stop a train only at the flag stations indicated on its schedule. When it is necessary to stop a train at a point that is not a flag station on its schedule, a red signal must be used. 29. When a signal, except a fixed signal, is given A^wering to stop a train, it must, unless otherwise pro- vided, be acknowledged as prescribed by Rule 14 ( schedule points, if the train to be met is of the same class S B unless the switch is right and the track clear. When the expected train of the same class is Approaching * meeting not found at the schedule meeting point, the points - superior train must approach all sidings pre- pared to stop, until the expected train is met. Trains must stop clear of the switch used by the train to be met in going on the siding. The engineman will give signal 14 (n) at least whistle sig- one mile before reaching a schedule meeting point ing p " 113 - with a train of the same or superior class, or a point where by train order the train is to meet or wait for an opposing train. Should the engineman fail to give signal 14 (n) as herein prescribed, the conductor must take immediate action to stop the train. 90a. When trains meet or pass by special order identifying or time-table schedule, conductors must inform each other verbally what trains they are, and enginemen must satisfy themselves as to their proper identity. 91. Unless some form of block signals is used, spacing 7 trains. traias in the same direction must keep at least five minutes apart, except in closing up at stations. A train following a train carrying passengers must keep at least ten minutes be- hind it. 47 spacing 91a. The time space to be maintained between time in ame tables, trains in the same direction will be regulated by special rule on each division time-table. This rule will not relieve trainmen from observing all rules in regard to the protection of their trains. gearancw y 916. Freight trains must not pass an open blocking. train order station in districts where their move- ments are not controlled by automatic or manual block signals, except as provided by division time-tables, or special instructions, until the conductor and enginemen have received a Clearance Card (Form A) or (Form A-l) from the operator. Passenger trains will observe the same rule at such train order stations as are regular stops for their train. This will not relieve operators from promptly displaying signal at Stop whenever they have orders, or making other necessary efforts to stop trains. clearance A Clearance Card (Form A) properly filled when signal . \ , i is at stop. ou m ust be given in duplicate to the conductor and enginemen of a train when the train order signal is at Stop. With the exceptions noted, a Clearance Card (Form A-l), properly filled out must be given in duplicate to the conductor and enginemen of all trains, when the train order signal is at Proceed, and no orders have been received for their train. schedule 92. A train must not arrive at a station in arriving . . time. advance of its schedule arriving time. 48 A train must not leave a station in advance of schedule leaving its schedule leaving time. 93. Within yard limits the main track may be ] ^gf 8 * used, protecting against first class trains. Second and third class and extra trains must move within yard limits prepared to stop unless the main track is seen or known to be clear. 93a. Yard limits will be indicated by " yard Yard en- r gines pro- limit" signs. Within these limits the main track tecting - may be used by yard engines against second and third class trains, protecting when view is ob- scured or during foggy or stormy weather; but the time of first-class trains must be cleared not less than five minutes. 94. A train which overtakes another train so Disabled disabled that it cannot proceed will pass it, if practicable, and if necessary will assume the schedule and take the train orders of the disabled train, proceed to the next available point of com- munication, and there report to the chief train dispatcher. The disabled train will assume the right or schedule and take the train orders of the last train with which it has exchanged, and will, when able, proceed to and report from the next available point of communication. When a train, unable to proceed against the Assuming a 7 *; . schedule 01 right or schedule of an opposing tram, is over- right - taken between communicating stations by an inferior train or a train of the same class having right or schedule which permits it to proceed, the delayed train may, after proper under- standing with the following train, precede it to 49 Combined rights. Overtaking disabled the next available point of communication, where it must report to the chief train dispatcher. When opposing trains are met under these cir- cumstances, it must be fully explained to them by the leading train that the expected train is following. 94a. Rule 94 must never be used as authority for trains to proceed under the combined rights or schedules of two trains. D-94 A train which overtakes a superior train, so disabled that it cannot proceed will pass it, if practicable, and if necessary will assume the schedule and take the train orders of the disabled train, proceed to the next available point of com- munication, and there report to the chief train dispatcher. The disabled train will assume the schedule and take the train orders of the last train with which it has exchanged, and will, when able, proceed to and report from the next available point of communication. 95. Two or more sections may be run on the same schedule. Each section has equal time-table authority. A train must not display signals for a following section, except as prescribed by Rule 85, without orders from the chief train dispatcher. 95a. Under no circumstances must a freight train or light engine run as a following section of a passenger train. D-95. Two or more sections may be run on the same schedule. Each section has equal time-table authority. -4 train must not display signals for a following sections. 8ec tton, except as prescribed by Rule D-85, without orders from the chief train dispatcher. 50 Running in sections. Not as sec- Running 96. When signals displayed for a section taken down at any point before that section arrives, the conductor, if there be no other pro- vision, will arrange in writing with the operator, or if there be no operator, with the switchtender, or in the absence of both, with a flagman left there for that purpose, to nptify all opposing trains that the section for which signals were displayed has not arrived, and, in addition, the conductor must notify all opposing inferior trains, or trains of the same class, until the fact that the signals were carried has been registered at the next register station. 97. Extra trains must not be run without train Running extra. orders. 97a. Work extras will be assigned working limits by train order. Conductors must report by wire to the chief train dispatcher when their work is finished for the day, and state their working limits for the following day. D-97. Unless otherwise provided, extra trains Running must not be run without train orders. Work extras must move with the current of traffic unless otherwise directed. D-97a. On portions of the road so specified on the time-table, or by special instructions, extra trains will run with the current of traffic without train orders. 98. Trains must approach the end of double track, junctions, railroad crossings at grade and drawbridges, with caution. Where required by rule or by law, trains must stop. 51 Trains using a siding must proceed with cau- tion, expecting to find it occupied by other trains. nun with 98a. All freight and extra trains will approach caution. c rxr and pass all stations, isolated sidings, water- tanks and coal-sheds with caution and under full control, expecting to find trains within the switches or taking coal or water. Trains occu- pying main track at stations will protect against superior trains in all cases, and will protect against all trains where the view is obscured, or when fog, storms, unusual stops, or other causes require additional safeguards. Know axed 986. Enghiemen must know the indication of cation. a u fixed signals before passing them. Approach- ing railroad crossings at grade, drawbridges, junc- tions, interlocking plants or train order offices, they will require the fireman to observe and communicate the indications of all signals. Train I/ 99. When a train stops under circumstances protection. IT, . in which it may be overtaken by another tram, the flagman must go back immediately with flagman's signals a sufficient distance to insure full protection, placing two torpedoes, and when necessary, in addition, displaying lighted fusees. When signal 14 (rf), or 14 (e)j has been given to the flagman and safety to the train will permit, he may return. When the conditions require he will leave the torpedoes and a lighted fusee. The front of the train must be protected in the same way when necessary by the front brakeman or fireman. 52 When- a train is moving under circumstances in which it may be overtaken by another train, the flagman must take such action as may be neces- sary to insure full protection. By night, or by day when the view is obscured, lighted fusees must be thrown off at proper intervals. When day signals cannot be plainly seen, owing to weather or other conditions, night signals must also be used. Conductors and enginemen are responsible for the protection of their trains. Flagman's signals: Day signals A red flag, Torpedoes and Fusees. Night signals A red light, A white light, Torpedoes and Fusees. jX 99a. When a flagman goes back to protect a placing * . . i fusees and train at night, or in obscure weather, he will torpedoes, place a lighted fusee in the center of the track five hundred feet back of the rear of the train, and proceed back until proper distance is reached to insure full protection. If a following train is in sight or hearing before the flagman has reached a point insuring full protection, he must at once place two torpedoes on the rail, and at night, or in obscure weather, or if the view is obscured, he will, in addition, display a lighted fusee and continue toward the approaching train, displaying stop signals until they are answered. 53 In placing torpedoes they will be securely fas- tened to the top of the rail on the engineman's side two hundred feet apart, and, when practic- able, not closer than five hundred feet from a whistling post. when 996. An engineman finding it necessary from spe2d e any cause to reduce speed or stop at any unusual place, will sound the whistle signal 14 (c). Moving 99c. A train moving contrary to its normal tSuS. direction without proper authority must be pre- ceded by a flagman sent far enough in advance of the movement to insure absolute protection. Trainmen 100. When the flagman goes back to protect places 6 . the rear of the train, the front brakeman or baggageman must, in the case of passenger trains, and the next brakeman, in the case of other trains, take his place on the train. protection 101. Trains must be fully protected against tLns^ inter- any known condition which interferes with their mai speed. ga f e passage a t normal speed. When conditions are found which may interfere with the safe passage of trains at normal speed and no protection has been provided, such action must be taken as will insure safety. storms and lOla. When overtaken between stations by severe storms or indication of high water which threatens damage, trains will proceed with great caution, and under control, so that they can be stopped in time to prevent accident. Conductors and enginemen will examine bridges and culverts or other places subject to damage by high water 54 and if they find any indications of danger, will, on arrival at the first point of communication, notify the agent or operator, report by wire to the chief train dispatcher, and not proceed until instructions are received. 1016. Between December 1st and April 15th r s when low temperature prevails and at all times during heavy rainstorms or unusual track condi- tions, train and enginemen must use great care and speed of trains must be restricted so as to insure safety. Wlc. Delayed fast passenger trains must not ^ h exceed their scheduled speed when temperature is near or below zero; local passenger trains scheduled at moderate rate of speed may make up delays incident to ordinary station stops. The scheduled speed of the fastest passenger train between any stations shall be the maximum speed of any train between such stations. lOld When trains are running under slowsiow speed orders or temporary slow speed signal, a man must be stationed on the last car and will give Proceed signal to the engineman after the last car has passed the limit where speed is restricted. Enginemen will maintain speed desig- nated until the Proceed signal is given and will acknowledge it by whistle signal 14 (g). IQle. During stormy or foggy weather and ft d rn j ggy when signals cannot be plainly seen, enginemen Sgn^An- and trainmen must be particularly alert; trains dl( must move under such control as to insure stop- ping before passing a signal, the indication of 55 which is not known, and if the indication cannot then be seen the train will be governed in accord- ance with the most restrictive indication of that signal. Switching movements must not be made on main track except under Rule 99. Delays will be expected. Foggy 101/. During foggy or stormy weather that weather rmy obstructs the view, also when the view is other- protection. w j ge obstructed, trains must pass through all stations at a greatly reduced speed and must sound the crossing whistle signal with sufficient frequency to protect all street crossings, whether protected by gates or otherwise, so as to avoid danger to vehicles or persons. One such whistle signal may be given for two or more crossings within a distance of 1000 feet from point of whistling. Trains part 102. If a train should part while in motion, motion. 111 trainmen must, if possible, prevent damage to the detached portions. The signals prescribed by Rules 12 (e) and 14 (/) must be given. The detached portions must not be moved or passed until the front portion comes back. D-102. If a train should part while in motion, while 8 in Dart trainmen must, if possible, prevent damage to the motion. detached portions. The signals prescribed by Rules 12 (e) and 14 (/) must be given. The detached portion must not be moved or passed until the front portion comes back. The engineman and trainmen of the front por- tion must give the train-parted signal to trains running on the opposite track. A train receiving this signal or being otherwise notified that a train on the opposite track has parted, must immediately reduce speed and proceed with caution until the separated train is passed. 56 When a train is disabled so it may obstruct the opposite track, trains on that tradk must be stopped. 103. When cars are pushed by an engine, cars pushed ; by engine. except when shifting or making up trains in yards, a trainman must take a conspicuous position on the front of the leading car. 103a. Trains or cars must not be pushed over cars rushed i , ,. . i-i i , by engine street or public crossings, highways, electric orjj| r cross ~ steam railway crossings at grade unless a member of the crew is on the leading car. When the view of the trainman is obstructed and there are no gates or flagman, a member of the crew must be on the ground ahead to see that the crossing is clear, and that there is no one approaching. No car containing passengers or employes must be switched unless coupled to the engine and air brakes in use. /X"1036. Except in suburban service engines Engine backing up with or without cars will not exceed 20 miles per hour on straight track and 15 miles per hour on curves. When switch engines are run over the road speed of switch their speed must not exceed 15 miles per hour. en e ine - 104. Switches must be left in proper position Position ^ after having been used. Conductors are respon- switches - sible for the position of the switches used by them and their trainmen, except where switchtenders are stationed, but when practicable, the engine- man must see that the switches nearest the engine are properly set. * - 57 A switch must not be left open for a following train unless in charge of a trainman of such train. See Present Rule 104c. switch con- 104a. Before a switch which is protected by a fenti. v mechanically connected signal is opened for a movement, the lever which controls the signal must first be placed so as to cause the signal to give its most restrictive indication. After resetting the switch for main track the lever which controls the signal must be replaced in its normal position and locked. Signals protecting switches do not relieve train- men from protecting as prescribed by Rule 99. stand 1046. Trainmen or other employes must not She? 0111 unlock nor stand within .twenty feet of a main track switch on the approach or during the passing of any train, and when practicable will stand on the opposite side of the track from the switch lever. Main track switches must be kept locked when not in use. Derailers, except while being used, must be kept in derailing position and locked, whether or not there are cars on the siding on which they are located. Defective 104c. If a main track switch is defective, or has a defective lock, the switch must be secured and reported at once by wire to the superin- tendent. switch 104d. Main track switch targets will show edge of target and at night a green light when set for main track, or face of target and at night a red light when set for siding, or junction track. 58 105. Both the conductor and the engineman g are responsible for the safety of the train and the <* train - observance of the rules, and, under conditions not provided for by the rules, must take every precaution for protection. 106. Trains must use caution in passing a train J^f* 111 ^. receiving or discharging passengers at a station paSglra. and, except where proper safeguards are provided or the movement is otherwise protected, must not pass between it and the platform at which the passengers are being received or discharged. 106a. Freight trains must not obstruct the free Not obstruct passage- of passage of passengers between passenger station passengers. platforms or street crossings when passenger trains are due. 1066. A train running upon or near the time caution when run- of a train scheduled to carry passengers and to J/^JgiS? 9 stop will exercise extreme caution prepared to ger to stop, if necessary, in approaching and passing through such stations, expecting to find persons crossing tracks. D-lOSc. When two trains are nearing a station TWO trains from opposite directions at the same time and ?tSion C sam only one of them is scheduled to stop, the train to time ' stop must reduce speed to let the other pass the station before it arrives. When two trains going in opposite directions arrive at a station and both are scheduled to stop, the less important train will not go to platform until the other train has de- parted. In suburban districts, trains must not enter a station at which a passenger train in the opposite direction is standing or at which it is stopping to receive or discharge passengers, until the rear coach 59 of such train has passed the end of the station platform nearest the approaching train, unless the tracks are separated by fences. Take safe 107. In case of doubt or uncertainty the safe course. course must be taken. Messages 108. Messages or orders respecting the move- or orders. ment of trains or the condition of track or bridges must be in train order form. Running D-151. Trains must keep to the left, unless otherwise provided. crossing to D-152. When a train crosses over to, or obstructs txack. lte t ne other track, unless otherwise provided it must first be protected as prescribed by Rule 99, in both directions on that track. obstruct D-152a. A train must not cross over to, or 3 OT S?S?ior obstruct the movement of a superior train on train - another track, except to avoid delay to a superior train following. Double . D-152b. When double track is made single track sSgie Track, it must be operated under single track and manual block rules. Operators must block without special instruc- tions. Orders D-FormS must, when possible, be delivered to trains before they arrive at the single track district and when practicable be addressed to the operator at each end of the single track, who will deliver copies to trains entering upon the single track. As an additional precaution a flagman will be placed at each end of the block of track obstructed. Diverted D-152c. In diverting a train against the current trains. Q f f ra ffi c the diverting order must, when practicable, be delivered to all trains on both tracks while the train is being diverted and when practicable be addressed to all operators in the district in which the train is diverted. 60 The diverted train will not cross back to its proper track without a train order. When possible, orders must be delivered to trains before they arrive at the diverting points. RULES FOR MOVEMENT_BY TRAIN ORDERS. 201. For movements not provided for by Authority time-table, train orders will be issued by authority orders - and over the signature of the chief train dis- patcher. They must contain neither information nor instructions not essential to such movements. They must be brief and clear; in the prescribed forms when applicable; and without erasure, alter- ation or interlineation. Figures in train orders must not be surrounded by brackets, circles or other characters. 202. Each train order must be given in the order in same words. same words to all employes or trains addressed. 203. Train orders must be numbered con- Numbering orders. secutively each day, beginning at midnight. 204. Train orders must be addressed to those who are to execute them, naming the place at which each is to receive his copy. Those for a train must be addressed to the conductor and engineman, and also to any one who acts as its pilot. A copy for each employe addressed must be supplied by the operator. Orders addressed to operators restricting the movement of trains must be respected by con- ductors and enginemen the same as if addressed to them. 61 Record of 205. Each train order must be written in full train in a book provided for the purpose at. the office of the chief train dispatcher; and with it recorded the names of those who have signed for the order; the time and the signals which show when and from what offices the order was repeated and the responses transmitted; and the train dispatcher's initials. These records must be made at once, and never from memory or memoranda. Trains, how/^206. In train orders regular trains will be designated. designated as "No. 10," and sections as " Second 10." Extra trains will be designated by engine numbers, and the direction as " Extra 798 'East' or 'West.'" In transmitting train orders by telegraph, time will be stated in words, and duplicated in figures. In transmitting train orders by telephone the names of stations must be plainly pronounced, and then spelled, letter by letter, thus: Aurora, A-u-r-o-r-aj all numerals must first be pronounced, and then followed by spelling, thus: 1-0-5, 0-n-e N-a-u-g-h-t F-i-v-e; the train dispatcher must write the order as he transmits it and underscore it as it is being repeated. The letters duplicating names of stations and numerals will not be written in the order book nor upon train orders. Even hours must not be used in stating time of day in train orders, such as 10.00 a. m. Engines of //206a. When engines of foreign railroads are moved, train orders must show their initials prefixed to engine numbers. 62 I*' 207. To transmit a train order, the signal f^* "31 " or the signal " 19" followed by the direction " must be given to each office addressed, the number of copies being stated, if more or less than three thus, "31, West, copy 5," or "19, East, copy 2." 208. A train order to be sent to two or more f ra offices must be transmitted simultaneously to as many of them as practicable. When not sent simultaneously to all, the order must be sent first to the superior train. The several addresses must be in the order of superiority of trains, each office taking its proper address, and when practicable must include the operator at the meeting or waiting point. Copies of the order addressed to the operator at the meeting or waiting point must be delivered to the trains affected until all have arrived from one direction. A train order must not be sent to a superior train at the meeting point if it can be avoided. When an order is so sent, the fact will be stated in the order and special precautions must be taken to insure safety. 208a. When a train order (Form C) is sent, it Restricting must, when practicable, include the operator r8 at the point where the rights of the train are restricted. 2086. A "19" train order restricting the Restricting f, . rights. superiority of a tram over an opposing tram will not be sent to the point where such superiority is restricted. 63 riSS ctfcIif 208c. A train order restricting the rights of a passenger train must not be sent to the meeting or waiting point unless it is a regular stop for such train or the signature of the conductor is obtained before "Complete" is given to the inferior train. Changing or- 208d. When passenger trains are affected, in der affecting . . . , Ks nger no instance must a meeting or waiting point be changed until the signature of the conductor of the train made superior by train order has first been obtained, or the order has been sent to station reached by the superior train before arriving at the meeting or waiting point also to the operator at the meeting or waiting point. Take siding. 208e. When a train order is issued for trains to meet at a specified station directing which train will take siding, and it is desired to change meeting point, the first order will be annulled, or the second order will state specifically which train will take siding at the new meeting point. Transmission D-208. A train order to be sent to two or more of orders, offices must be transmitted simultaneously to as many of them as practicable. When not sent simultaneously to all, the order must be sent first to the superior train. The several addresses must be in the order of superiority of trains, each office taking its* proper address. 209. Operators receiving train orders must and repeat- . / i i -i T / ing orders. wn te them in manifold during transmission. If they cannot at one writing make the requisite number of copies, they must make others from one of the copies previously made, and repeat to the train dispatcher from the new copies each time additional copies are made. 64 They must retain a copy of each train order. 210. When a "31" train order has been trans- mitted, operators must, unless otherwise directed, repeat it at once from the manifold copy in the succession in which the several offices have been addressed, and then write the time of repetition on the order. Each operator receiving the order should observe whether the others repeat correctly. Those to whom the order is addressed, except enginemen, must then sign it, and the operator will send their signatures preceded by the number of the order to the chief train dispatcher. The response "complete," and the time, with the initials of the chief train dispatcher, will then be given by the train dispatcher. Each operator receiving this response will then write on each copy the word "complete," the time, and his last name in full, and then deliver a copy to each person addressed, except enginemen. The copy for each engineman must be delivered to him personally by conductor. Enginemen must show train orders to firemen and when practicable to forward trainmen. Con- ductors must show train orders when practicable to trainmen. 210a. When there is more than one 31 when order for a train at a station, "complete" "complete." must not be given to any of them until the sig- nature has been obtained to all of them. 211. When a "19" train order has been Transmitting transmitted, operators must, unless otherwise ordera directed, repeat it at once from the manifold 65 copy, in the succession in which the several offices have been addressed. Each operator re- ceiving the order should observe whether the others repeat correctly. When the order has been repeated correctly by an operator, the re- sponse " complete/ 7 and the time, with the initials of the chief train dispatcher, will be given by the train dispatcher. The operator receiving this response will then write on each copy the word "complete," the time, and his last name in full and personally deliver a copy to each person addressed without taking his signature. But when delivery to engineman will take the operator from the immediate vicinity of his office, the engine- man's copy will be delivered by the conductor. When a "19" train order restricting the supe- riority of a train is issued for it at the point where such superiority is restricted, the train must be brought to a stop before delivery of the order. Enginemen must show train orders to firemen and when practicable to forward trainmen. Con- ductors must show train orders when practicable to trainmen. Delivering 211a. When a train order is to be delivered by an operator outside of an office, it must be done from the platform side and never between tracks. -x" re- 212. When so directed by the train dis- patcher, a train order may be acknowledged before repeating, by the operator responding: "X; (Number of Train Order) tO (Train Number) ," with the Oper- ator's initials and office signal. The operator must then write on the order his initials and the time. 66 212a. "X" is the operator's acknowledgment Acknowl- edgment sig- that an order has been received for a specified ^fayed! 8 " train, or trains, that the train order signal is dis- played at "stop," and that the order will be delivered when made " complete" in accordance with the rules. 213. "Complete" must not be given to a train "complete" r not to be order for delivery to an inferior train until the civen - order has been repeated or the "X" response sent by the operator who receives the order for the superior train. 214. When a train order has been repeated or -x" re- sponse hold- "X" response sent, and before "complete" has ing OTder - been given, the order must be treated as a holding order for the train addressed, but must not be otherwise acted on until "complete" has been given. If the line fail before an office has repeated an L me failure, order or has sent the "X" response, the order at that office is of no effect and must be there treated as if it had not been sent. 216. For train orders delivered by the train ^ a r t che?, dispatcher the requirements as to the record and delivery are the same as at other offices. 217. A train order to be delivered to a train Delivery of order at at a point not a tram order office, or at one at SS^^L which the office is closed, must be addressed to " C. and E. at , care of ," and forwarded and delivered by the conductor or other person in whose care it is addressed. When form 31 is used "complete" will be given upon the signature of the person by whom the order is 67 to be delivered, who must be supplied with copies for the conductor and engineman addressed, and a copy upon which he shall take their signatures. This copy he must deliver to the first operator accessible, who must preserve it, and at once transmit the signatures of the conductor and engineraan to the train dispatcher. Orders so delivered must be acted on as if " complete " had been given in the usual way. For orders which are sent, in the manner herein provided, to a train, the superiority of which is thereby restricted, " complete " must not be given to an inferior train until the signatures of the conductor and engineman of the superior train have been sent to the train dispatcher. AH sections 218. When a train is named in a train order of a train. by its schedule number alone, all sections of that schedule are included, and each must have copies delivered to it. "X" re- 219. An operator must not repeat or give the Sb? tfyen. "X" response to a train order for a train which has been c leared or of which the engine has passed his train-order signal until he has obtained the signatures of the conductor and engineman to the order. ^* Train orders once in effect continue so until fulfilled, superseded or annulled. Any part of an order specifying a particular movement may be either superseded or annulled. Orders held by or issued for or any part of an ^ order relating to a regular train become void when such train loses both right and schedule as prescribed by Rules 4 and 82, or is annulled. 68 When a conductor or engineman, or both, is relieved before the completion of a trip, all train orders and instructions held must be delivered to the relieving conductor or engineman. Such orders or instructions must be compared by the conductor and engineman before proceeding. K220a. A list of orders and instructions trans- orders , - , . transferr ferred from one conductor or engineman to another as required by Rule 220, must be made in duplicate in writing and checked, each re- taining a copy. 220&. Conductors or enginemen will not be ^^f n permitted to change trains before completion of a trip, without the consent of the chief train dispatcher. 220c. Orders held by an extra train, or any ggj" part of an order held by another train relating expim to an extra train become void when the existence of such extra train ends by limitation of time or place. 221. A fixed signal must be used at each train- r^ed signals. order office, which shall indicate "stop" when trains are to be stopped for train orders. When there are no orders the signal must indicate "proceed." When an operator receives the signal "31," or Display r train or " 19," followed by the direction, he must immedi- signal - ately display the "stop signal" for the direction indicated and then reply "stop displayed," adding the direction; and until the orders have been delivered or annulled the signal must not be re- stored to "proceed." While "stop" is indicated 69 trains must not proceed without a Clearance Card (Form A). for pl ifand s Operators must have the proper appliances for signaling. nan( j signaling ready for immediate use if the fixed signal should fail to work properly. If a signal is not displayed at a night office, trains which have not been notified must stop and as- certain the cause, and report the facts to the chief train dispatcher from the next available point of communication. semaphore Where the semaphore is used, the arm indicates "stop" when horizontal and "proceed" when in a vertical or diagonal position. office open 221a. When a train order office is open at an Sour. irregular hour, trains must be notified by train order or special instructions, and special pre- cautions must be taken to call the attention of trains approaching such station. interlocking 2216. At an interlocking plant in automatic > om s top slffna signal territory the home interlocking signal may trains for c be used to stop trains for tram orders. A red disc or red flag by day or red light by night so placed at the interlocking station that it can be seen from the train so stopped, will indicate to enginemen and trainmen that there are train orders. Recording 222. Operators must promptly record and and report- x . i i ing trains. re p O rt to the tram dispatcher the time of de- parture of all trains and the direction of extra trains. They must record the time of arrival of trains and report it when so directed. 70 223. The following signals and abbreviations may be used: Initials for signature of the division officers. Such office and other signals as are arranged by the Superintendent of Telegraph. C & E for Conductor and Engineman. C & M for Conductor and Motorman. X Train will be held until train order is made " complete.' ' Com for Complete. O S Train Report. No. for Number. Eng for Engine. Sec for Section. Psgr for Passenger. Frt for Freight. Mins for Minutes. Jet for Junction. Dispr for Train Dispatcher. Opr for Operator. 31 or 19 to clear the line for Train Orders, and for Operators to ask for Train Orders. S D for "Stop Displayed." The usual abbreviations for the names of the months and stations. 71 RELAYING TRAIN ORDERS. Relaying 24 1. To relay a train order through an open office to a train not in direct communication, the train dispatcher will transmit it to the operator at the relaying point, who will transmit it to destination. The person receiving it must repeat it to the relaying point and each word and number must be underscored by the receiver at that point. It must then be repeated to train dispatcher, and if correct, the train dis- patcher will respond " correct." After the parties addressed at destination have signed the order, the signature must be given to relaying office and from there to train dispatcher, and "complete," time, and chief train dispatcher's initials will be given. Rules 206 and 210 will be observed. order re- 242. A train order relayed to a superior train layed to su- perior tram, restricting its rights or superiority, must be sent and " complete" given and acknowledgment re- ceived, before the "complete" is given to the inferior train. Filing 243. A copy of every relayed order must be SSL. filed at the point of relaying, bearing the name of the person receiving and repeating the order. Train at 244. Upon the arrival of a train at a closed Se stl 6 - telephone station where a train is to be met or tion passed, if it is not in sight, the conductor must immediately communicate with the train dis- patcher and report arrival of his train, giving his name, number of train or engine, and name of station or siding. 72 FORMS OF TRAIN ORDERS. NOTE. In the forms of train orders, the words and figures in italics are examples, indicating the manner in which the orders are to be filled out. A. Fixing Meeting Points for Opposing Trains. (1.) No 1 meet No # at . No 3 meet Second 4 at B. No 5 meet Extra 95 east at B. Extra 652 north meet Extra 231 south at B. (2.) No 2 and Second 4 meet Nos 1 and 3 at C and Extra 95 west at D (and so on). No 1 meet No 2 at B Second 4 at C and Extra 95 east at D. Trains receiving these orders will run with respect to each other to the designated points and there meet in the manner prescribed by the Rules. B. Directing a Train to Pass or Run Ahead of Another Train. (1.) No 1 pass No 3 at K. Both trains will run according to rule to the designated point and there arrange for the rear train to pass promptly. (2.) No 6 pass No 4 when overtaken. Both trains will run according to rule until the second-named train is overtaken and then arrange for the rear train to pass promptly. 73 nated. (3) Extra 594 east run ahead of No. 6 M to B. The first-named train will run ahead of the second-named train between the points desig- (4.) Extra 95 west run ahead of No 3 B until overtaken. The first-named train will run ahead of the second-named train from the designated point until overtaken, and then arrange for the rear train to pass promptly. (5.) No 1 pass No 3 at K and run ahead of No 7 M to Z. When an inferior train receives an order to pass a superior train, right is conferred to run ahead of the train passed from the designated point. Unless some form of block signals is used, the following train will run with caution, looking out for the designated train ahead until the order is fulfilled. C. Giving Right Over an Opposing Train. (1.) No 1 has right over No 2 G to X. If the second-named train reaches the point last named before the other arrives, it may pro- ceed, keeping clear of the opposing train as many minutes as such train was before required to clear it under the rules. If the first-named train is met between the designated points, the con- ductor of the second-named train must inform it of his arrival. 74 (2.) Extra 37 east has right over No 3 F to A~ The regular train must not go beyond the point last named until the extra train has arrived, un- less directed by train order to do so. These orders give right to the train first named over the other train between the points named. If the trains meet at either of the designated points, the first-named train must take the siding, unless the order otherwise prescribes. E. Time Orders. (1.) No 1 run fifty 50 mins late A to G. This makes the schedule time of the train named, between the stations mentioned, as much later as stated in the order, and any other train receiving the order is required to run with respect to this later time, as before required to run with respect to the regular schedule time. The time in the order should be such as can be easily added to the schedule time. (2.) No 1 run fifty 50 mins late A to G and twenty 20 mins late G to K, etc. This makes the schedule time of the train named, between the stations mentioned, as much later as stated in the order, and any other train receiving the order is required to run with respect to this later time as before required to run with respect to the regular schedule time. The time in the order should be such as can be easily added to the schedule time. 75 (3.) No 1 wait at H until nine fifty nine 9 59 a m for No 2. The train first named must not pass the desig- nated point before the time given, unless the other train has arrived. The train last named is re- quired to run with respect to the time specified, at the designated point or any intermediate station where schedule time is earlier than the time specified in the order, as before required to run with respect to the schedule time of the train first named. (4.) Nos 1 and 3 wait at N until nine fifty nine 9 59 am. P until ten thirty 10 30 am. R until ten fifty five 10 55 am etc. The train, or trains, named must not pass the designated points before the times given. Other trains receiving the order are required to run with respect to the time specified at the desig- nated points or any intermediate station where schedule time is earlier than the time specified in the order as before required to run with respect to the schedule time of the train, or trains, named. F. For Sections. F For Sections. (1.) Eng 20 display signals and run as First 1 A to Z. To be used when the number of the engine for which signals are displayed is unknown, and is to be followed by (2), both being single-order ex- amples. 76 (2.) Eng 25 run as Second 1 A to Z. (3.) No 1 display signals A to G for Eng 65. Second 1 display signals B to E for Eng 99. (4.) Engs 20 25 and 99 run as First Second and Third 1 A to Z. To add an intermediate section (5) will be used. (5.) Eng 85 display signals and run as Second 1 A to Z. Following sections change numbers accordingly. The engine named will display signals and run as directed, and following sections will take the next higher number. To drop an intermediate section, (6) will be used. (6.) Eng 85 is withdrawn as Second 1 at H. Following sections change numbers accordingly. The engine named will drop out at H, and fol- lowing sections will take the next lower number. To substitute one engine for another on a section, (7) will be used. (7.) Eng 18 instead of Eng 85 display signals and run as Second 1 R to Z. The second-named engine will drop out at R^ arid be replaced by the first-named engine. If the second-named engine is the last section, the words " display signals and' 7 will be omitted. Following sections need not be addressed 77 To discontinue the display of signals, (8) will l>e used. (8.) Second 1 take down signals at D. The train named will take down signals as directed, and a following section must not pro- ceed beyond the designated point. To pass one section by another, (9) will be used. (9.) Engs 99 and 25 reverse positions as Second and Third 1 H to Z. Conductors and enginemen of the trains ad- dressed will exchange orders and signals. Follow- ing sections, if any, need not be addressed. Each section affected by these orders must have copies, and must arrange signals accordingly. To annul a section for which signals have been displayed over a division, or any part thereof when no train is to follow the signals, Form K must be used. When sections are run to an intermediate point of a schedule, the train orders must specify which section or sections shall assume the schedule beyond such point. G. Extra Trains. (1.) Eng 99 run extra A to F. After Extra 75 arrives at F Eng 99 run Extra F to A. (2.) Eng 99 run extra A to F and return to C. The extra must go to F before returning to C. 78 H. Work Extra (1.) Eng 292 works extra six forty five 6 1+5 a m until five forty five 5 4$ P m between D and E. The work extra must, whether standing or moving, protect itself against extras within the working limits in both directions as prescribed by the rules. The time of regular trains must be cleared. This may be modified by adding: (2.) Not protecting against eastward extra trains. The work extra will protect only against west- ward extra trains. The time of regular trains must be cleared. (3.) Not protecting against extra trains. Protection against extra trains is not required. The time of regular trains must be cleared. When a work extra has been instructed by order to not protect against extra trains, and, after- ward, it is desired to have it clear the track for, or protect itself after a certain hour against a designated extra, an order may be given in the following form: (4.) Work Extra 292 clears, or protects against, Extra 76 east between D and E after two ten 2 10 p m. Extra 76 east must not enter the working limits before 2 10 p m., and will then run expecting to 79 find the work extra clear of the main track, or protecting itself, as the order may require. To enable a work extra to work upon the time of a regular train, the following form will be used : (5.) Work Extra 292 protects against No 55, or class trains, between D and E. The work extra may work upon the time of the train or trains mentioned in the order, and must protect itself against such train or trains. The regular train or trains receiving the order will run expecting to find the work extra protecting itself. When a work extra is to be given exclusive right over all trains the following form will be used: (6.) Work Extra 292 has right over all trains between D and E seven fifteen 7 15 p m until one fifteen 1 15 am. This gives the work extra the exclusive right between the points designated between the times named. Work extras must give way to all trains as promptly as practicable. Whenever extra trains are run over working limits, they must be given a copy of the order sent to the work extra. Should the working order instruct a work extra to not protect against extra trains in one or both directions, extra trains must protect against the work extra; if the order indicates that the work extra is protecting itself against other trains, they will run expecting to find the work extra protecting itself. 80 The working limits should be as short as practic- able; to be changed as the progress of the work may require. D-H. Work Extra. (1.) Eng 292 works extra on eastward track, or both tracks, six forty five 6 45 am until five forty five 5 45 p m between D and E. The work extra must, whether standing or moving, protect itself within the working limits against extras moving with the current of traffic on the track or tracks named. The time of regular trains must be cleared. This form may be modified by adding: (2.) Not protecting against extra trains. Protection against extra trains is not re- quired. The time of regular trains must be cleared. To enable a work extra to work upon the time of a regular train, the following form may be used: (3.) Work extra 292 protects against No. 55, or class trains, betiveen D and E. The work extra may work upon the time of the train or trains mentioned in the order and must protect against such train or trains* The regular train or trains receiving the order will run expecting to find the work extra protecting itself. When it is desired to move a train against the current of traffic over the working limits, provision must be made for the protection of such movement. When a work extra is to be given exclusive right over all trains, the following form will be used: 81 (4.) Work extra 292 has right over all trains on eastivard and westward tracks between G and H seven one 7 01 p m until one one 1 01 a m. This gives the work extra the exclusive right to the track, or tracks, mentioned between the points designated between the times named. Work extras must give way to all trains as prompt- ly as practicable. The working limits should be as short as practic- able; to be changed as the progress of the work may require. J. Holding Order. Hold No 2. Hold all, or eastward, trains. When a train has been so held it must not pro- ceed until the order to hold is annulled, or an order given to the operator in the form : may go. These orders will be addressed to the operator and acknowledged in the usual manner, and will be delivered to conductors and enginemen of all trains affected. Form J will be used only when necessary to hold trains until orders can be given, or in case of emergency. K. Annulling a Schedule or a Section. No 1 due to leave A Feb 29th is annulled A to Z. Second 5 due to leave E Feb 29ih is annulled E to G. 82 The schedule or section annulled becomes void between the points named and cannot be re- stored. L. Annulling an Order. When addressed to a train (1) will be used. (1.) Order No 10 is annulled. When addressed to an operator (2) or (3) will be used. (2.) Order No 12 to C & E No 2 is annulled. (3.) Provided No 1 has arrived at "(?," order No 12 to C & E No 2 is annulled. If ail order which is to be annulled has not been delivered to a train, the annulling order will be addressed to the operator, who will destroy all copies of the order annulled but his own, and write on that : Annulled by Order No . An order which has been annulled must not be reissued under its original number. M. Annulling Part of an Order. That part of Order No 10 reading No 1 meet No 2 at S is annulled. That part of Order No 12 reading No 3 pass No 1 at S is annulled. D-M. Annulling Part of an Order. That part of Order No 10 reading Extra 26S west pass No 1 at S is annulled. That part of Order No 12 reading No 3 pass No 1 at S is annulled. 83 p. Superseding an Order or a Part of an Order. This order will be given by adding to prescribed forms the words " instead of ." (1.) No 1 meet No 2 at C instead of B. (2.) No 3 pass No 1 at D instead of C. (3.) No 1 has right over No 2 G to R instead ofX. (4.) No 1 display signals for Eng 85 A to Z instead of G. An order which has been superseded must not be reissued under its original number. When a train is directed by train order to take siding, for another train, such instructions apply only at the point named in that order, and do not apply to the superseding order unless so specified. D-P. Superseding an Order or a Part of an Order. This order will be given by adding to prescribed forms, the words "instead of -." (1.) No 1 pass No 3 at C instead of B. (2.) No 1 display signals for Eng 85 A to Z instead of G. An order which has been superseded must not be reissued under its original number. D-R. Providing for a Movement Against the Current of Traffic. (1.) No 1 has right over opposing trains on No 2, or eastward, track C to F. 84 The designated train must use the track specified between the points named and has right over oppos- ing trains on that track between those points. Opposing trains must not leave the point last named until the designated train arrives. An inferior train between the points named mov- ing with the current of traffic in the same direction as the designated train must receive the copy of the order, and may then proceed on its schedule, or right. This order may be modified as follows: (2.) After No 4 arrives at C No 1 has right over opposing trains on No 2, or eastward, track CtoF. The train to be moved against the current of traffic must not leave the first-named point until the arrival of the first-named train. A train must not be moved against the current of traffic until the track on which it is to run has been cleared of opposing trains. D-S. Providing for the Use of a Section of Double Track as Single Track. No 1, or westward, track will be used as single track between F and G. If it is desired to limit the time for such use, add from one naught one 1 01 pmto three naught one 3 01 p m. All trains must use the track specified between the stations named and will be governed by rules for single track. Trains running against the current of traffic on the track named must be clear of the track at the expiration of the time named, or protected as prescribed by Rule 99. 85 RULES GOVERNING THE MOVEMENT OF TRAINS WITH THE CURRENT OF TRAFFIC ON TWO OR MORE TRACKS BY BLOCK SIGNALS Bun by D-251. On portions of the road so specified on signals. the time-table, trains will run with the current of traffic by block signals whose indications will supersede time-table superiority. Movement D-252. The movement of trains will be super- supervised. V j 8e( i 5^ the c hief train dispatcher, who will issue instructions to signalmen when required. obtain D-253. A train having work to do which may permission detain it more than ten minutes, must obtain permission from the signalman at the last station at which there is a siding before entering the block in which work is to be done. The signalman must obtain authority to give this permission from the chief train dispatcher. Train D-254. Except as affected by Rules D-251 to D-253, maS in" oil Block Signal Rules and Train Rules remain in force force. RULES GOVERNING THE MOVEMENT OF TRAINS AGAINST THE CURRENT OF TRAFFIC ON TWO OR MORE TRACKS BY BLOCK SIGNALS. nun by D-261. On portions of the road so specified on the signals. time-table, trains will run against the current of traffic by block signals, whose indications will supersede time-table superiority and will take the place of train orders. interlocking D-261a. On portions of the road where trains st5> al trains are run a ff a ^ ns ^ ^ ne current of traffic by block for orders. 8 ig na i 8f interlocking signals may be used as block signals. 86 D-262. The movement of trains will be super- Movement supervised. vised by the chief train dispatcher, who will issue instructions to signalmen. D-263. A train must not cross over, except as^S?" 1 * provided in Rule D-261, without authority from the chief train dispatcher. D-264. Except as affected by Rules D-261 to D-263, giodc ^nd all Block Signal Rules and Train Rules remain in m force. force. ADDITIONAL RULES FOR THREE OR MORE TRACKS. F-271. The main tracks shall be designated Tracks. how des- by numerals, and their use indicated by special ignated> instructions. F-272. On portions of the road so specified on * k by the time-table, trains will run with the current of signals - traffic by block signals, whose indications will supersede time-table superiority. F-272a. On portions of the road so specified Run WHU- * out orders. on the time-table, or by special instructions, extra trains will run with the current of traffic without train orders. XF-273. A train by night running with t current of traffic, on an express track, will display two red lights to the rear. A train by night running with the current of traffic, on a local track, will display a green light to the rear on the side next to an express track in the direction of the current of traffic, and a red light on the opposite side. 87 A train by night using any track against the current of traffic will display two green lights to the rear, one on each side, with a red light on the platform or cupola. A train by night on a siding will display two green lights to the rear. See diagrams. :. ENGINE AND MOTOR WHISTLE SIGNALS. NOTE. The signals prescribed are illustrated by "o" for short sounds; " " for longer sounds. The sound of the whistle should be distinct, with intensity and duration proportionate to the distance signal is to be conveyed. SOUND INDICATION (a) - Flagman for Track No. 1 may return. (6) Flagman for Track No. 2 may return. (c) o Flagman for Track No. 3 may return. (d) Flagman for Track No. 4 may return. (0) Flagman for Track No. 5 may return. CO o Flagman for Track No. 6 may return. (0) o o Flagman for Track No. 7 may return. (K) o o Flagman for Track No. 8 may return. F-275. Except as affected by Eules ^-271 to JF-274, all Block Signal Eules and Train Eules for Double Track remain in force. 88 FORM 31 FORM UNITED STATES RAILROAD ADMINISTRATION 3] CHICAGO & NORTH-WESTERN RAILROAD TRAIN ORDER No.._W_. (Nor. 1, 1916) ft jf (Station) To X (Initials) Qp r (1.45 A) fjf Conductor and Engineman must each have a copy of this order. Repeated at 2.20 A M Conductor Train Made Time Opr. Jones "45" Complete 2.20 AM Black (To be printed on yellow paper) 89 FORM 19 UNITED STATES RAILROAD ADMINISTRATION 19 CHICAGO & NORTH WESTERN RAILROAD TRAIN ORDER No. 10. April 1, 1916 To fif (Station) To X Calais) Qpr.; L??.A.If Conductor and Engineman must each have a copy of this order. ff ac / e Complete fj^ 21QP/H. Black Qpr. (To be printed on green paper) 90 i S3 2 L | | s 4 1 - 1 S a 1 1 a. 9 h B g 1 < 5 - 1 K < | < h o 1 s o) 5 bo ta M Jd -2 Z < Q 6 *5 i ^3 '^ < J 1 i | la CQ ^^i LL. oj K \ rrt P S S < ! u ^ > a o t-9 II Q co i.i ^ u Hi t/ E a "2 ~ra ^ *S O rl SQ a o ^0 | e* 1 O Q) I-H .y &* y z 1 u c3 o"S "^ S^ g| 2 ^i ^ j o H) 0) S ^^ |ol A ^*e* Q^ rt^ QJ ^ H ^ ^* * ^ *3 H rrt O a^ Q ^ DC ^^ "" tf) ^ UJ ! u 4: J o < o h < (0 o tgineman ?.?:J.?. rs 3-71-98 No No 1 > 4S | h 1 i 4 ffect any orders you 1 Englneman musi in the above for i Card, Form A, is use d Permissive Card, F H o w 2 ^ o o i W "g -d V. "^ ||| W Q 5 a i fc, o ^ 09 2 ^ E S "5 p D < 1 11.111 illli 5 3 r \ ( d a 3 HS^H 3 2 1 (To be printed on white paper) 91 0) ^* O o^l z r- o: r- o n t *3 S ' ^ 52 o Pi J S"S ^a 73 c? "S > co Cu ^3 e8 > 'd 3' S s < Q g 1 J 1 DC < g ! fl 2 -d? i- 2 '^1 sl co 5 g z < I k 3 ^ E ^ >J -V ^H wl r- 1 '~ L| ^ H f-t . e9 r 1 ^> s'o i o i g| | a sg ~ < Ul 1- 3 c 3 K , rtf t>, |0 UNITED CHI i-J O 11 g H "-5 03 " o ^ ^ Conductors ar signalman, mi r obstruct ion. When Form B is tie signalman at th aim an permission O .t: !-? *" P H * -f^ 03 *3 M (To be printed on green paper) 92 d z r^ | i o 1 .5 i 1 i 1 T3 < Q 'S 'fe ..^ J) e3 5 DC < rt $, 1 1 1- o .2 s 'S Wy .3 O * |H 1 -^ ^ co "* < ^o cS Z < CO a 'S Q S 1 1 I ^ ^ z (T S g | S c < 4J 02 ^H S O t/) 5 M * g g rf < u S UJ | QJ co tl c3* 2 co K QL Q tn fc H i 1 fl ft ** f> be ^ w P co < d to i 4 i a 3 S s f^ O jl^ f H *o8 c3 4 QL cr h 3 i | C e4 rrt ^bC z r- o: T 1 08 I S > o 3T 5; ! > h ^a c f ^ T3 < a c ; ' ^ J ^ DC < i^ a : -2 w cc z < 1 5 < UJ Q co CARD ^ " i 4J * K it 3 -H" ^ UJ S o DC LU s S * "S ill =* -| to CO "* K M 1.9 1 S S v - : S cc o z k &i s to cc 1 " > ' * UJ ^ UJ a a 9 | o a. bt 3 r 5 a < 1- < W o j > ) t e 1 1 ) js UJ ** 1 f ! L( o3 &1 t w I | | ?| z D 1 o ft ! * o o o H 3 (To be printed on pink paper) 94 (0 ' 1 b I f ? j . j z GP r : i t c J o < f! ^ 1- < e u *g ^ < a UJ ^C i DC < h o to 5 2 z < Q *o ^> rv r ) ~~ ^-x -^ Z LJL ^ u. g 1 Q DC X x ^ ^ CO o -a |- () DQ QC .3 O 0) < *~ gr I 1 FORM C-2. ATES RAILROA GO & NORTH WE PERMISSIVE SWITCH, RE-ENTER THE CURRENT OF & H- I faf r > E id d r^ (-1 3 3 > c iy rights under time table or by (See rules 327b, 334, 361, ae r- < DC ? ^ a W o pE 'J Q Z d" "e H 1 u S 1 Vi O OS 1 H *t* C (D Z K . They will report to and receive their orders from the chief train dispatcher, and will comply with the instructions of the superintendent of telegraph; also of the head of the office in which they are employed, except when they conflict with other instructions. 182 811. They are required to be constantly on when . . . n du ty- duty during the hours assigned, unless excused by the train dispatcher. Except in emergency cases, they will not be allowed to remain on duty a longer time than that prescribed by law. Un- less relieved by another, operators will be excused by the train dispatcher. When relieving each other, they must make a Transfer, transfer on a blank form provided for the purpose, of all orders that are not fully executed, and must see that the relieving operator fully understands them. 812. Under no circumstances should an orders after operator accept a train order for a train of which to he has the least doubt as to whether it has passed his station, unless instructed to do so by the train dispatcher, who has knowledge that the train has not passed. 813. In offices where more than one operator But one is on duty at the same time, but one operator will de*. n be permitted to handle train orders and clear trains. 814. In closing an office, cut out all instru- gu^ ng ments at the switchboard, exercising care not to cross the wires. The address of an operator must be kept posted in the bill box or elsewhere as directed, showing where he can be found. 815. Keep a register of the arrival and de- parture of all trains and report same to the train dispatcher; report the weather as required, and when any sudden change or heavy storm, make a special report. 183 instruments 816. ^ SG S rea ^ care m adjusting instruments at all times especially in bad weather; never open the key unless positive that \* ire is not being used. Contention for circuit will not be allowed. SXSS? 1 817. At all offices where arrangement has been made for the handling of public telegraph busi- ness, operators will be held accountable for the prompt and proper handling and reporting of such business in conformity with the requirements of the telegraph company, and which they must understand, and will carry out the instructions of the superintendent of telegraph with regard to same. Condition 818. See that the offices are kept in a neat and stiSmeSk orderly condition; instruments clean and in good working order, and not take them apart or alter the arrangement of the wires, tables and appur- tenances, without permission of the superintend- ent of telegraph, and notify him when repairs are needed. wSs? 8 819. If the line fails, each operator must at once test the wires and report, if possible, on which side of his office the failure is. In case of any trouble on them, they will quickly look for its whereabouts and be sure that it is not in their offices. The use of ground wires is strictly prohib- ited, except to test wires or in case of emergency. Duties. 820. They must invariably sign their office call when using the line for any purpose whatever. It is the duty of operators to promptly discover and remedy inside office troubles caused by open keys, loose connections, etc. They must know 184 that the ground wires are in good condition, examine switchboards, keys, instruments and batteries each day, and know that all binding screws are tight, all connections good and prop- erly made, and that paper or other inflammable matter is kept from the vicinity of wires and switchboards. They must familiarize themselves with switchboards and cutouts, so that they can properly switch wires in testing, see that wires are properly labeled on the switchboard and co- operate with the party testing wires, assisting in every way possible to clear wire trouble. 821. They must be courteous in their inter- courtesy, course with persons transacting business at their offices, and over the wires. They will not receive messages to be transmitted free unless signed by an officer, agent or employe, or a reply to same. 822. Preserve messages sent and promptly Preserve deliver those received, consider all messages con- fidential, and not permit them to be read by any person except those to whom they are addressed, nor make their contents the subject of conversa- tion or remarks. 823. All messages not relating to the business p a id for. of the Company must be paid for, unless otherwise ordered by the proper authority. 824. Railroad messages, after being trans- Filing mitted, must be filed daily, and preserved until otherwise ordered. A separate file must be kept of copies of all preserve train orders and forms used for train movement &n> and preserved until otherwise ordered. 185 Messages received for delivery to a general officer enroute, must be enclosed in an envelope, sealed and addressed. l^d"^* 826. All instruments will be furnished by the company, and no private instrument will be allowed on the wires. No private lines must be connected with the offices or buildings without permission of the superintendent of telegraph. use of 827. The wires are not to be used for the trans- wires. mission of communications which may be sent by train without detriment to the company's interests, and operators should report any such cases observed. standard 828. Standard time will be sent from 9:57 time. a. m. until 10 a. m. daily, and has absolute right to the circuit. Breaking in upon the circuit while time is being sent is positively prohibited, and operators must be sure that their instruments are properly adjusted. ? eiegraph 829. Telegraph students will not be permitted students. . . to receive or forward messages except in the presence of the regular operator, and under his direction. The attention of students must be .directed to the rules of the company, and par- ticularly those relating to the privacy of telegrams. promptness 830. There must be no delay in obtaining answer to messages. If a reply cannot be had in reasonable time, the sending office must be promptly notified the reason. 186 TELEGRAPH NUMERALS. 1. Wait a minute. 4. Where shall I go ahead? 5. Have you any business for me? 8. You are breaking. Close your key. 9. Conditions requiring immediate action. 18. What is the matter? 19 or 31. Signal for train orders. 23. Messages for all offices. 25. Busy on other lines. 86. Division Superintendent or Superintendent of Telegraph. 92. Deliver quickly. 96. President, General Manager or General Superintendent. 134. Who is at the key? The usual abbreviations for the names of the months and stations. The circuit may be secured by any of the Right of . . signals to following signals, which take precedence in the circuit - order named: "96," "86," "9,'? "Line," "19" and "31." LINE REPAIRERS. 840. Line repairers report to and receive in- Report to. structions from the superintendent of telegraph but will comply with the instructions of the chief train dispatcher. They must always be provided with a full set of Tools, tools suitable for their work and be ready to re- spond immediately to any orders they may receive. 187 Report each morning the part of the road on which they expect to be during the day. Exami- They will go over their respective districts frequently, examine any office they may be at, and see that the rules are being complied with. Applying See that a limited supply of main line wire is left at test offices, to be used in case of emergency, and that it is kept in a designated place ready for use. They must see that section foremen also are supplied with line wire and will instruct them as to its use. Immediately after repairing a break in the wires or removing any trouble therefrom, they must report to the chief train dispatcher the locality and cause of same, and render to the superintendent of telegraph a report of same. collect See that all unused material is properly stored, material. . , " -, I and use strict economy in its disposition and at stated tines collect all the old copper and zinc, and forward the same as directed. STATION AGENTS. Duties. 850. Station agents have charge of the busi- ness of the company at the station, and all prop- erty connected therewith; also all persons em- ployed thereat, and must see that each perform their duties properly and promptly, and preserve order about the station and grounds. Absence 851. They are not allowed to be absent without leave from the superintendent, except 188 through illness, in which case they must immedi- ately inform the superintendent, and arrange for some competent person to discharge their duties. 852. See that their offices, waiting rooms, condition of station freight houses, other station buildings and plat- property. forms are kept in a clean and orderly condition; that all grass, straw, or other combustible material is promptly removed from depot grounds and premises; that stock yards are kept in good order and ready for use, that street crossings or side walks are not obstructed, also station platforms and grounds are kept clear of obstructions over which persons may stumble. 853. See that cars left at their station have the Carg a t brakes applied, and are not moved by un- Bt{ authorized persons or shifted so as to interfere with the safety of trains, and that all switches are properly set and main track switches locked. 854. Use every effort to secure the prompt Dispatch dispatch of cars, have way-bills ready promptly, so that trains will not be delayed. See that empty as well as loaded cars are taken by trains at the earliest possible moment, subject to the order of the chief train dispatcher and car service agent. 855. Whenever any company material in car- company property. loads is received at any station, and for which there is no disposition, report them to super- intendent at once by wire, giving contents and any other information they may have, so that it may be arranged to have them unloaded promptly. 189 Through freight must not be loaded into a car containing freight for way stations, except where it is absolutely necessary. Loading of 857. In loading hay, straw, tow and similar tow.' etc. ' freight that is liable to catch fire, be particular to select tight cars and that all openings are closed and securely fastened. See that all nails, cleats, blocking, wire, etc., used in loading cars is removed when car is made empty; co-operation of shippers and consignees should be secured. piatfoms. 858. Freight, baggage, trucks, and other articles must not be allowed to stand on the depot platforms where they might cause accident or inconvenience to passengers or employes, or receive damage from the weather. U. S. mail pouches must not be left unprotected upon the platforms or in the waiting rooms and other exposed places at stations. cars on 859. They must not allow a car to stand upon the main track to be loaded or unloaded without special permission, in each case. Keep cross- 860. See that freight trains do not block public crossings longer than allowed by law or ordinance. Advertising 861. Decline to allow any boards, posters or advertising matter to be placed on the company's cars, except such cards as are furnished by the company. Advertising 862. Do not permit advertising matter to be matter posted in or about stations, or other structures 190 located on the company's property, without proper authority. 863. Keep doors of freight houses closed and of e securely locked at all times when proper em- ployes are absent, and not permit the delivery of freight except in the presence of themselves or representative. 864. Tickets must not be sold for stations at Tickets. which trains do not stop, or for trains that do not carry passengers. 865. Tickets must not be sold to persons not Tickets. in condition to care for themselves, unless accom- panied by a proper person, nor must tickets be sold for excursion or extra trains unless so authorized. 866. Ticket offices must be open at least T * k e et j thirty minutes before the arrival of trains that stop, and kept open until such trains have departed. 867. Station agents, acting as agent for any J^ express or other company, must give preference to the duties of the business pertaining to the railway company. 868. Promptly advise the superintendent, unusual either by wire or mail, of any needed repairs, at e?< their stations, or of any unusual event that occurs in their neighborhood, of general interest or importance, such as fires, disasters, deaths of prominent persons, etc. 869. See that the station is supplied with the supply r of signals. necessary lanterns, flags, fusees and torpedoes, and that they are ready for immediate use. 191 platforms &70. Unless otherwise instructed, agents will see that lights in waiting rooms and on platforms are kept burning at night. Where no other pro- vision is made, know that all signals are in work- ing order. The keeping of switch and signal lights in good condition is of the utmost importance and agents will see that they are so kept and prop- erly displayed. Designate 871. Designate the place where automobiles, Vehicles. omnibuses and other vehicles, the drivers thereof and persons representing hotels, may remain while on company's property. Delivery 872. Station agents are responsible for the prompt delivery of United States Mail to and from post offices, also for transfer to and from connecting railroads, when located eighty rods or less from the station. Man 873. See that those carrying mail comply with postal regulations and do not hang mail pouches on mail cranes more than ten minutes before the arrival of the train for which they are intended, without reference to the schedule time of trains. Mail delivered from moving trains must be thrown off at a designated place and never on station platforms or at highway crossings. Report all failures in these respects to the superintendent. on cranes. YARD MASTERS. Report to. 890. Yard masters report to and receive their instructions from the superintendent or train master, and will comply with instructions from the chief train dispatcher. 192 891. They will have charge of the yards Jg located in their territory, of the men employed, the movements of trains and engines, and the distribution of cars therein. That trains are made up and leave at the designated time; that proper slips or waybills accompany each car; that doors of all loaded cars are properly secured and sealed; that doors of all empty cars are closed and secured; that trains are made up in the order designated, that they have the required percentage of air brakes, and all cars equipped with air brakes are placed together first in the train. 892. Keep a record of all trains and cars, note Tram 1 7 record. all irregularities, and see that reports of same are made to the proper officer. 893. Be familiar with the rules for movement Rules for tram of trains and other rules, so far as they relate in movement any way to the proper discharge of the duties of a yard master. 894. See that yards are kept in good order; J f pe ^ n that opportunity is given for the proper inspection of cars; that such inspections are made, and that cars requiring repairs are properly placed or sent to the shops as the case may require. When necessary to move cars in bad order, men doing the work should be notified so that proper care will be exercised in handling them. 895. Report all violations of rules coming Report under their notice, also all cars arriving without proper waybills, and cars of freight received in damaged condition, or improperly loaded. 193 PASSENGER CONDUCTORS. Report to. 900. Passenger conductors report to the superintendent or train master. They must obey the orders of the chief train dispatcher, station master and yard master, and conform to instructions issued by authorized officers of other departments. They will be responsible for the movement, safety, and care of passengers and train, and for the vigilance and conduct of the men employed thereon, and must report in writing any mis- conduct or neglect of duty. They must see that the speed of their train is properly governed. Duty. 901. They must report for duty at the ap- pointed time, when necessary, assist in making up train; on arrival at the terminal of the run they must remain in full uniform with their train until all passengers have alighted and will see that all necessary assistance is given them. inspection 902. Know that they have all necessary of trains. supplies and signals on hand and ready for immediate use; that train has been inspected, air brakes and air signal tested before leaving ter- minal, and wherever train or engine is changed; that the couplings, brakes and running gear are in good order; look over the train for anything defective or in bad order, such as windows, ventilators, matting, seats, etc., and report them; also that the prescribed signals are correctly displayed. 194 They must familiarize themselves with the rules governing the heating, lighting and ventila- tion of cars and see that they are enforced. 903. Attend courteously to the comfort and wants of passengers and see that trainmen do the same; that passengers are provided with seats; that proper lighting, ventilation and temperature are maintained, and drinking water provided. In passing through the dining cars the cap will be removed. Will not allow passengers to ride on the plat- forms, in the baggage, express or mail cars, or on the engine, or violate in any respect the regula- tions for their safety. The doors of all coaches hauled in passenger Doors trains shall be kept unlocked while train is in motion. All toilet room doors must be locked approaching and while standing at important stations and terminals. 904. When examining tickets, inform passen- gers destined to points on branch or connecting lines at what station they will change cars, and of the probable location and leaving time of the train to which they will change, and will notify trainmen regarding the proper discharge of passengers. 905. It is the duty of conductors to prevent passengers endangering themselves by imprudent exposure; to protect passengers who are lawfully on their trains from rudeness, intoxication, threatened violence, abusive or obscene language; and any passenger acting in a disorderly manner, 195 or who annoy passengers as stated above, may be removed from the train at the next regular open station, but not elsewhere, whether provided with ticket or not. Use no unnecessary force, collect fare. 906. Ascertain that passengers are provided with proper transportation, or collect fare from all those who are not. to OT train ^ an y P erson should refuse to produce proper transportation, or pay fare, cause the train to be brought to a stop at a regular station, and request such person to leave the train. In case of refusal to do so, remove them therefrom. It should not be at a station in itself one where by reason of physical conditions, in inclement weather or at such unreasonable hour as might ordinarily endanger the health or safety of the person ejected. It must not be a child, a person of unsound mind, or in such feeble or helpless condition as to be unable to take care of himself or herself at the place of ejection. Each conductor will be held responsible for the exercise of reasonable discretion in the perform- ance of his duty, maintaining self-control, and being careful to use no unnecessary force that might subject the company to litigation or annoyance. Name and When necessary to eject a person from the train, ascertain, if possible, the name and address of such person, and the names and addresses of a number of passengers who witnessed the removal and report the occurrence to the superintendent and general claim agent on form 992. 196 907. No gunpowder, dynamite, nitro-glycer- Explosives ine, gasoline or similar explosive article, shall be transported in any car attached to a passenger train. 908. Freight cars of any description, hauled?* cars J r In passenger in passenger trains, must be placed next to the 1 111 - engine. 909. When a passenger train has stopped at a f r ^ in move ' station platform it must not be moved to take coal or water or do other work until the conductor permits by the usual signal. Never permit the train to be moved while passengers are getting on or off. Care should be exercised in receiving and dis- and e dls. ng charging passengers to see that they get on off safely, particularly at night or where station platforms are low or do not extend to car steps, and so far as possible that they do not get on or off while train is moving. 910. See that news agents do not mar or JJj deface cars in taking on or removing their boxes. News agents will be allowed only on passenger trains, and only one upon any train. Each news agent must be provided with a card or certificate signed by the manager of the news company, attesting his employment by that company; and he must wear the prescribed uniform while on duty on the train. He will be under the supervision of the con- ductor, whose duty it is to see that he conducts himself properly, and that he conforms to these 197 rules. In case of misbehavior on the part of any news agent, the conductor must report it to the superintendent. News agents will load and unload their boxes at the forward part of the train, placing them as directed, and will use no space needed for the com- fort of passengers. They will be permitted to pass quietly through the trains, and to offer their wares for sale in a respectful manner. They may sell on the trains, newspapers, other periodicals, and books of a respectable character; small trinkets, confections, fruits, etc., also cigars and tobacco in the smoking cars. They will not be permitted to sell coffee, ice cream, immoral literature or pictures, nor prize packages of any kind. They will not be permitted to put their wares in the laps of passengers, nor upon the seats, nor to cry them in a loud voice; but in all ways they must avoid giving offense or causing annoyance. They will not be permitted to play cards or solicit card playing while on trains. News agents will not be permitted to enter parlor or sleeping cars oftener than once each fifty miles, and will not offer their wares for sale unless first addressed. They will not be permitted to enter dining cars during the serving of meals, or to enter sleep- ing cars after nine pm. Conductors and trainmen will see that all of these rules are fully observed. 911. See that as little noise as possible is made in and about sleeping cars. 198 912. All articles left by passengers should be jJi c d \ es marked to indicate on what date and train they were found and by whom, and left with station master or designated place at division terminal. 913. At stations at which trains stop for meals Meais. announce in the dining or lunch room notice of departure in ample time to allow passengers to enter the train before it starts. 914. Only such proper articles, comprising a Hand reasonable amount of legitimate hand baggage, of passengers, as can be conveniently carried with them in passenger cars without inconvenience to other passengers or taking up space in passage ways, will be permitted in passenger cars. Articles that are unwieldy as to size, weight, shape, or otherwise objectionable, or any un- reasonable amount of baggage, that should be transported in baggage cars or by express, will not be permitted in passenger cars. Dogs, birds, cats or other animals will not be gog. allowed in passenger cars under any circumstances but may be carried in baggage or express cars, where they will be transported under tariff rates and regulations. 915. Each coach and baggage car must be Tools. supplied with the following tools, and conductors are required to check them over on receiving cars at terminal and junction stations, on taking their train at starting point, and on leaving it at destination, reporting all shortage or damage. 199 TOOLS FOR COACHES. 1 Axe. 1 Saw. 2 Fire pails. 1 Sledge. 1 Cold chisel. 4 Hand fire extinguishers. ! In case. TOOLS FOR BAGGAGE CARS. 1 Tool box. 1 Switch chain. 2 Frogs. 1 Jack. 1 Jack lever. 1 Sledge. 1 Axe 1 Saw x 8' brass 1 Except in suburban train x 10* " [service. To be carried in 2-5 x 9" " J conductors train box. 1 Pail packing. 1 Packing iron. 1 Packing hook. 1 Air brake hose. 1 Air signal hose. 4 bottles fire extinguishers. 1 Stove shaker | In cars equipped with 1 Fire shovel J stoves. 1 Steam hose. 1 Fire pail. 1 Stretcher. 200 [ In dynamo cars and ex- 1 Cook cooler \ elusive mail and express (trains. IN WINTER ALSO: 2 Scoop shovels. 1 or 2 barrels of coal. 1 Track shovel. 1 Pail of salt. TRAIN BAGGAGEMEN. 920. Train baggagemen report to the superin- Report to. tendent or train master. While on duty they are under the direction of the conductor. At stations they must obey the orders of the station master. They must conform with the instructions of the general baggage agent. They are responsible for the safety of all property entrusted to their care. 921. They must report for duty at the ap- on duty. pointed time, handle baggage carefully, and remain in the baggage car during the entire trip except when called upon to perform other duties; also remain in the car at the end of the trip until all baggage and other matter is delivered and receipted for or transferred to a connecting train baggageman. Car doors must be securely locked at all times Doors . locked. when not in use, and no person except those in performance of duty must enter a baggage car. 922. It is their duty to receive, take care of Not carry- and correctly deliver baggage carried on the 201 train; check baggage received at stops where there are no agents, and ta.ke up checks for baggage delivered at such points. Keep all checks in possession under lock and key. u. s. man. 923. Give proper attention to the custody and delivery of United States Mail and report any irregularities promptly to the superintendent; pay close attention to the custody and delivery of train mail. jHscharsing 924. Baggagemen, or others, before dis- charging any baggage, must be sure that it will clear the train, and that there is no person or object in the way which may be struck by it. Not carry. 925. Will not cajry anything unless it is checked or waybilled, without permission from proper authority. sPnais ^^* H- ave a frdl su PPly f hand signals on hand ready for immediate use if called on to do flagging. PASSENGER TRAINMEN. Beport to. 930. Passenger trainmen report to the super- intendent or train master. When on duty they are under the direction of the conductor. At stations they must obey the orders of the station master or yard master. They must report for duty at the appointed time, and when necessary assist in making up train. Duties. 931. It is their duty to attend to the brakes, take care of and properly display train signals at the rear of the train and have all necessary 202 supplies and signals on hand for immediate use; attend to the lighting, heating and ventilation of all coaches, open and close the vestibule and plat- form doors and assist the conductor in the proper disposition of the passengers, preventing them from riding on platforms or in any way violating the regulations provided for their safety; to preserve order and in all things requisite for the prompt and safe movement of the train and the comfort of the passengers. 932. Look over the train carefully before inspect starting, and know that all couplings, brakes and running gear are in good order. Inspect the train as often as possible during the trip. See that water coolers are supplied with ice and water, and know that the lamps, whistle signals, air brakes, steam heat and all connections are in good working order. When necessary to avoid delay, assist in handMng baggage. 933. Take a position at the car steps to assist passengers in entering and alighting from the train, ascertain destination of passengers, directing those without tickets to the office. 934. The trainman acting as flagman, consider it his especial duty to protect the rear of the train in accordance with the rules, and allow nothing to interfere with the prompt and efficient discharge of that duty. His position on the train while running is on the rear car. He will obey the signals from the engineman pre- scribed by the rules; but must never wait for the signal or orders from the conductor when the 203 train needs protection. When not required to perform other duties at station stops, occupy a position on the ground at the rear end of train. The front trainman must be prepared to protect the front of the train, whenever necessary; in the absence of the rear trainman he will immediately assume his duties. orders. 935. Read all train orders received by the conductor. Announce 936. On leaving a station trainmen will stations. announce in each coach in a distinct voice the next station at which the train will stop. If the stop is for meals they will so state, giving the length of time. On approaching a point other than a station where a train is to be stopped, trainmen must announce it by calling in each coach "The next stop is not a station." On approaching a station at which a train stops to discharge passengers, trainmen will announce the station in each coach; on trains equipped with vestibule coaches they will announce the direction passengers will take to leave the train. Junction points and terminals will be announced, passengers notified when to change cars and attention directed to their parcels and other articles, seating 937. See that passengers are provided with passengers. i i i seats. Pass through sleeping cars only when necessary, exercising special care to avoid disturb- ing the occupants. In passing through dining cars the cap will be removed. 204 When not engaged in other duties trainmen will sit near the car door ready to promptly respond to any emergency that may be required. 938. On leaving a station they will observe vestibules, whether there is anyone clinging to the hand rails of the vestibules; if not, they will close vestibule doors and traps, and keep them closed while train is in motion. 939. They will place a small chain across the chain on rear plat- opening of the rear platform to the rear car before form - leaving a terminal, unless it is protected by gates. 940. They must watch their train veryJJ^tch^^ carefully to discover anything wrong in the defects - matter of journals, brakes, or other defects liable to be dangerous; keep a sharp lookout for all signals from the train and from stations. The rear trainman must ride on the rear plat- form of the rear car until his train has passed beyond the outer switches, to observe any signals which may be given. On trains con- taining non-vestibuled coaches, trainman will, on starting from a station and when approaching *on a station at which stop is to be made, take a'SSoS. position on the coach steps on the side which platform is located and remain there until the entire train has passed the outer end of station platform. On all trains they will closely observe whether any person attempts to get on or off the train while in motion and warn these persons against making such an attempt. 205 SS523 11 941. Suburban trainmen will distinctly an- announce- nounce j n eac k CO ach immediately before arrival of the train at Chicago, the following: "Do not forget your parcels. " FREIGHT CONDUCTORS. Report 950. Freight conductors report to the super- intendent or train master. They must obey the orders of the chief train dispatcher and yard master, and conform to instructions issued by authorized officers of other departments. Respond- They will be responsible for the movement, safety and proper care of their train, and for the vigilance and conduct of the men employed thereon and must report in writing any mis- conduct or neglect of duty. of De t?ain They must see that the speed of their train is properly governed. Appointed 951. They must report for duty at the ap- pointed time and when necessary assist in making up train. SP^ais ^2. They must know that all necessary sup- and inspeo- pj^ eg an( j s ig na i s are on hand and ready for immediate use, and that the prescribed signals are correctly displayed; that the train has been inspected before leaving terminal and that coup- lings, brakes, running boards and running gears are in good order. Particular attention must be given to closing and properly securing car doors to avoid accident. Cars with doors insecurely 206 attached must not be moved in trains; any neg- lect by car inspector must be reported to the superintendent at once. Trains must be inspected as opportunity offers during trip, or at points which may be specified in division time tables. Examine all cars to be taken at intermediate stations and if not in safe condition, leave them and report to the chief train dispatcher, giving defects. Attach defect cards to defective cars in their train. 953. On freight trains carrying passengers Freight trains carry- conductors will see that passengers are seated ^ p assen - before the train starts and remain seated until the train stops at the proper places for them to leave the train, and will see that they are given assistance in getting on and leaving the train, and at no time exposed to danger. 954. Examine the inside and outside of all waybills for any notations requiring them to set out, weigh cars, etc. 955. Cutting off engine and cars before a^ t train has stopped is prohibited. Cars must not be detached from an engine to be run in on side tracks where cars are being loaded or unloaded. Running switches must not be made with cars EIDIOSI loaded with explosives; they must not be made with cars loaded with live stock, when possible to avoid it. See that there is a thorough understanding with other crews that may be switching at the same station. 207 SSiSgs Highway or public crossings must not be obstructed by trains or cars. Passenger 956. When meeting or being passed by a station. passenger train at a station, they will see that their train ite opened to allow free passage to and from the station, in addition to opening the street crossings. Bad or- 957. They must not set out cars that are in OOF cars. bad order, if the necessary repairs can be made or they can be safely hauled to the next car repairing station; when hauled back of the caboose they must be chained as well as coupled; they must not be hauled behind a caboose at night. waybills. 958. Do not handle cars or freight without proper waybills, or take waybills without the freight or cars; examine all cars forwarded as empty from any station, and be sure they do not contain freight. l? v ^ n ^59. Call attention of car inspector or station agent in his absence, to any damage which may have been done to cars, which may come to their knowledge, that they may be promptly repaired, and note these in their reports. Cars set out in bad order must be reported at once to the chief train dispatcher, stating number and initials, contents, nature and extent of damage, and note the nature of defect on waybills. Defect card 995 must be attached. SSing ^^* Draw-bars, brakes, car doors, etc., that may be detached, should be picked up and put into the car they came from, or picked up and 208 left with the car. If this cannot be done, the location of parts must be reported to the chief train dispatcher. 961. All journal bearings, air hose and coupler f r s eign knuckles applied by trainmen to foreign cars must be reported on form 963, so that they can be charged to the car owners. 962. Promptly report to the superintendent J^ ort of any any lack of attention on the part of agents, or attention - other persons, whose duty it is to aid in the passage of trains. 963. Chairs will not be permitted in caboose chairs, cars except when immovably secured. 964. Cars that in their judgment are unsafely cars unsafe loaded, will not be handled in trains and the facts must be reported to the chief train dispatcher. 965. When trains separate on account of Defective couplings. defective coupling, report the fact to the super- intendent, giving date, train and car number, and point at which train parted, also specifying make of coupler and nature of defects., A similar report should be made in person to car inspector or his representative at first terminal. 966. When engines are hauled in a train, place Engines hauled at least three cars, other than empty flats, be- 111 trains - tween engines. 967. Except by orders of the superintendent, JjgJjjJ engines must not be hauled without side rods; 8ide rods ' when hauled without them the speed of the train must not exceed fifteen miles an hour. 209 Refrigerator 968. When refrigerator cars are not in train in accordance with refrigerator schedule, notify the chief train dispatcher by wire at once. Examine compartments for ice and know that they contain sufficient ice to carry car to destination. If in need of re-icing notify the chief train dispatcher and agent at the first terminal. 969. ^ ars chaining perishable property must have precedence over other freight, and must not be left short of destination, unless for repairs. 970. Cars must not be left on passing tracks without authority of chief train dispatcher. position or 971. Conductors will station themselves upon conductor. the train in the best position possible to enable them to see that their train is intact, that their trainmen properly perform their duties, and know- that flagmen go back promptly when necessary to protect the train. 972. Each caboose car must be supplied with the following tools and supplies, and conductors are required to check them over before starting on a trip, reporting all shortage and damage : 1 Axe. ISaw. 1 Broom. 1 Chisel. 1 Dipper. 1 Wash dish. 1 Hammer. 1 Pail journal packing. 1 Packing hook. 1 Packing iron. 210 1 Journal box jack and lever. 1 Cooler can. 2 Frogs. 2 Two gallon oil cans, filled. 2 Fillers. 2 Car chains. 1 Coal hod. 1 Fire shovel. 1 Pound waste. 2 Pkgs. wicks. 2 Boxes matches. 1 Pkg. "Gold Dust" cleaning powder. 2 Marker lamps. 2 Red flags mounted. 2 Green marker flags mounted. 1-3%" x 7" car brass. 2-4M" x 8" car brasses 2-5" x 9" car brasses. 2-5j^" x 10" car brasses. 3 Red lantern globes. 6 White lantern globes. 6 Lantern frames and burners. Torpedoes as instructed by Superintendent. Fusees as instructed by Superintendent. 2 Air hose. 2 Indicator lamps. 1 Set indicator stencils. 5 Assorted coupler knuckles. 1-4 ft. steel bar. 1-18" pipe wrench. 1 Back-up air pipe. 12 Air hose gaskets. 1 One gallon water jug. 211 FREIGHT BRAKEMEN. uty 1000. Freight brakemen report to the super- intendent or train master. When on duty they are under the direction of the conductor. They must obey the orders of the yard master. They must report for duty at the appointed time and when necessary assist in making up train. ct 1001. Look over the train carefully before starting, and know that all couplings, brakes, ladders, running boards and running gear are in good order. Inspect the train as often as possible. a, etc. !00 2 - It is ^eir duty to attend to the brakes; take care of and properly display train signals at the rear of the train and have all necessary sup- plies and signals on hand for immediate use. 1003. Read all train orders received by the . conductor or engmeman. 1004. Rear brakemen must consider it their especial duty to protect the rear of train in accord- ance with the rules, and must allow nothing to interfere with the prompt and efficient discharge of that duty. Obey the signals of the engineman as prescribed by the rules; never wait for signal or orders from the conductor when train needs protection. Watch the train carefully to see that it has not parted. T 1005. Front brakemen must be on the look- out at all times for signals, both from the front and rear of train, and watch for indications that train has parted; carefully observe all fixed sig- nals, also persons who may walk across or on the 212 track and inform the engineman. Their position on trains while running is on the engine, except when rules require them to be on cars. ENGINE HOUSE FOREMEN. 1020. Engine house foremen have charge of Duties, the engine house and the workmen employed therein. It is their duty to see that the engine house is kept clean and in good order; workmen perform their duties; that supplies are economi- cally used; that engines are prepared for service promptly and are in good working order and properly equipped; that they are inspected, cleaned and reported for repairs when necessary; and that enginemen and firemen are ready for duty at the required time. 1021. When the netting of any engine isNetun reported by track foreman to be inspected, either by postal card, form 786, or otherwise, it must be ' promptly done and a report made to the master mechanic and also to the general claim agent on blank form 1592, accompanied by the notification. ENGINEMEN. 1040. Enginemen report to the master me- Duties, chanic or road foreman of engines. They must obey the orders of the yard master while in yards making lone engine movements and the conductor while in train service unless they endanger safety or require violation of rules or law. When at the engine house they are under the direction of the engine house foreman. 213 Report. Hand signaling. Imperfect signals. Starting signal. Keep look-out. Riding on engine. 1041. They will report for duty in accordance with the rules of the terminals; see that the engine is in good working order and furnished with necessary tools, stores and supplies and a full set of signals; assist in switching and making up trains when necessary; examine the bulletin board before starting and at the end of each trip. 1042. Enginemen must have the proper ap- pliances for hand signaling, as prescribed in Rule 99, in the engine cab ready for immediate use. At night, the red lantern must be lighted and placed where it cannot be seen by passing trains. 1043. Report all switch or other signals not properly lighted or not properly displayed. 1044. Enginemen must under no circum- stances start from a station without a signal from the conductor. 1045. Keep a vigilant look-out at all times, particularly when passing around curves, through stations and yards, and must frequently look back to see that no portion of the train has be- come detached or derailed; also for any signals that may be given by trainmen or others. They must not be so occupied as to prevent themselves or firemen from keeping a constant look-out the entire trip. 1046. No one will be allowed to ride on the engine without proper authority, except division officers, signalmen, foremen of bridge and track repairmen on their own sections, or the con- ductor and brakeman of the train. 214 1047. Use every precaution to prevent damage by fire from engines. Report all defects in netting, ash pans, etc., at the end of their run. Keep the dampers of ash pans closed while crossing bridges or trestles. Do not permit ash pans to be cleaned over signal connections, switches or frogs, in front of stations, or on crossings. As far as practicable, they should be cleaned at the designated points only. See that ashes are wet down and that they are leveled to the height of the rail. 1048. They must not permit any unauthorized person to handle the engine; must not leave it during a trip except in case of necessity, and then in charge of some competent person. 1049. Except when absolutely necessary en- Engine gines must not be left standing within 100 feet of any street or public crossing, upon or under any bridge, nor in the vicinity of waiting rooms, offices, or near cars occupied by passengers. They will also see that there is no unnecessary Jj* 5 " escape of steam from cylinder cocks or safety valves or anything thatVill cause the frightening of horses. Blow off cocks must not be opened in passing through yards or over public crossings, , except in case of absolute necessity. 1050. The whistle must not be sounded while whistle. passing or being passed by a passenger train, passing an overhead, underneath or public cross- ing at grade, except in cases of emergency or danger, or when required by he rules. 215 The first blast of the public crossing whistle 14(0 must be given at the whistling post. Take coai 105 1 . When freight trains of more than twenty and water. cars stop to take coal or water, such stop must be made not less than one hundred feet before reach- ing the coal shed, water tank or stand pipe, and the engine detached, leaving the air brakes applied. 2Siies and 1052. Each engine in service is required to carry, at all times, the following tools and sup- plies, and enginemen must know that they have them and will be held responsible for any loss or deficiency : 1-2 Ib. cast steel hammer. 1-12 inch monkey wrench. 1-18 inch monkey wrench. 1-18 inch eccentric set screw wrench for eccentric engines. 1-8 inch cold chisel. 1-18 inch set chisel. 1 ash hoe for ash pans with side openings. 1 steel coal hammer. 1 scoop shovel (also an old one for emergency). 1 broom. 1 iron water pail. 1 packing iron. 1 packing hook. 1 supply of oak blocking on the small engines. 1 assortment of bolts and nuts. 1 wrench for crank pin and cross-head pin nuts. 2 white flags mounted. 216 2 green flags mounted. 1 red flag mounted. 6 torpedoes. 4 fusees. 1 white lantern. 1 red lantern. 1 engineer's oiler. 1-8 pint car oil can. 1-8 pint valve oil can. 1 set lubricator glasses and gaskets for engines requiring them. 1 water glass and gasket. 1 torch. The following may be carried on engines when considered necessary by master mechanic, depend- ing on local requirements and conditions: 1 slash bar. 1 clinker hook. 1 engine truck brass, size to fit engine. 2 tank truck brasses, size to fit engine. FIREMEN. 1060. Firemen report to the master mechanic Report to. or road foreman of engines. When at the en- gine house they are under the direction of the engine house foreman. They will report for duty in accordance with the rules of the terminals, and obey the orders of the engineman respecting the proper use of fuel and the manner of performing their work. 217 Bulletin boards. Train orders. Charge of engine. Not run engine. 1061. Examine the bulletin board before starting on each trip, and be familiar with all special orders pertaining to their trains or engines. Keep a constant look-out when not engaged in firing and give instant notice to the engineman of any danger signals or obstructions on the track. 1062. Read all train orders received by the engineman. 1063. Take charge of the engine in the absence of the engineman, and not leave it until his return, nor permit any unauthorized person to be upon it. 1064. They must not run an engine in the absence of the engineman without instructions from the master mechanic, unless in some emergency they are instructed to do so by the conductor, or some officer in authority. 1065. In case the engineman becomes dis- abled, the fireman must stop the train and report to the conductor. AIR BRAKE & TRAIN AIR SIGNAL INSTRUCTIONS. successful 1070. As safety depends on the successful working of the air brake, it is of the utmost importance that all its parts be in perfect work- ing order, and that employes having anything to do with the brake be perfectly familiar with its manner of operation. Attend All such employes will be required to attend instruction, the school of instruction held in the company's air-brake instruction car. 218 1071. The following rules cover only t general operation of air brakes and will be changed by special instructions when required. 1072. Cars in passenger trains must be Air brake. equipped with air brakes and air signals, which must be coupled and connected with the engine. 1073. A passenger train must not leave a Brakes . . .111 cut out - terminal or division point with brakes on any car cut out, or in defective condition, without permission of the proper officer. 1074. At least the percentage required by law, P erc j ta * e as shown on division time tables, of the total required - number of cars in freight trains, must be equipped with air brakes which must be coupled, connected with the engine and operated, and all air brake cars which are associated together with such percentage, shall have their air brakes connected and operated. 1075. In passenger service one sufficient Brake pipe r reduction. reduction of brake pipe pressure must be made within 1000 feet from starting point at terminals or points where brake pipe connections have been separated, to assure that all brakes are operating properly. 1076. Enginemen taking engines must see A^ on en- that the air brake apparatus on the engine and ^ tender is in a safe and suitable condition for service; that the air pump and lubricator work properly; that the regulator prevents the brake- pipe pressure from varying from the authorized pressure; that an excess pressure of not less than twenty pounds can be maintained in the main 219 reservoir when the handle of the engineman's brake valve is placed in . the running position and that the brake valve works properly in all positions of the handle; that the water has been drained from the air brake system and that when the brakes are fully applied the piston travel on engine and tender do not exceed the following limits: Cam type driver wheel brake V to 3J^" Other type of driver wheel brakes . . . 4" to 6 " Engine truck brakes 6" to 8 " Tender brake 6" to 9 " They must also test the independent brake and the air signal on engines so equipped, the latter by making a slight opening in the stop- cock of the signal train line and noting proper whistle response. HOW to^ 1077. Start air pump slowly to work con- pump> densation out of steam cylinder, then apply a few drops of cylinder oil through the steam lubricator to the steam cylinder. To supply air to the train the pump should be run at a medium speed, but not fast enough to cause excessive heating. If the air cylinder needs oil, use sparingly through the oil cup on top of air cylinder a small quantity of valve oil, but never through the air valves. Keep a good swab on the piston rod. SSS* 1078. Enginemen must thoroughly inspect equipment. ^ a j r j^gj^g an( j s ig na j equipment and report on proper form to round house foreman at end of run or day's work, any defect they may find. 220 1079. The brake pipe under the tender be blown out thoroughly before connecting to under tend the train. There should be full maximum main reservoir pressure on the engine when making this connection. When the train has been charged to the authorized brake pipe pressure, the engineman shall, at a signal from the inspector or trainmen, apply the brakes with full service application of not less than twenty-five pounds reduction, and leave them so applied until the brakes on the entire train have been inspected and release signal given. He shall then release the brakes, and not start the train until inspector or trainman informs him all brakes are released and their general condition; also the location of loaded and empty cars. This test must be made after each change in the make up of the train. When a train is to be handled by a back-up gj ^. hose, enginemen must observe the reduction made by the train men in making a test, as indicated by the air gauge. 1080. Passenger trains running at a high SSn rate of speed must be stopped with two applica- tions of the brakes, except trains equipped for graduated release. A sufficient application should be made while the speed is high to bring the train under perfect control, and after releasing, a second light application should be made to complete the stop. On passenger trains of nine cars or less, release the brake shortly before stopping, except on heavy 221 or moderate down grades, where after releasing, apply the brakes lightly to prevent the train starting. When over nine cars, hold the brakes lightly applied until the train stops, to prevent the train parting. A second engine will be counted the same as two cars. Freight 1081. With freight trains first allow slack to train brakes. run U p a g a inst the engine. Great care must then be taken to apply the brakes with the proper reduction, according to the speed and length of train, and not make a second reduction until the effect of the first is felt on the entire train, in order or prevent shocks. siow speed. Do not release the brakes on freight trains at slow speed, but preferably bring the train to a full stop. Releasing 1082. To release brakes move handle of engineman's valve to full release and return it to running position. Good judgment should be used by leaving the handle in full release longer for a long train than for a short train, always returning the handle to running position soon enough to allow the brake pressure to reduce below the authorized pressure before auxiliaries overcharge. second On long trains, after returning the handle to release. ' ' running position, leave it there a few seconds, then make a second light release to insure the release of the forward brakes that usually re-apply. Emergency 1083. Emergency application of brakes must application. . not be used except in actual emergencies. 222 1084. If the brake be found dragging at any time without a rapid fall of the black pointer, move the handle of the engineman's valve into full release position for a second, and then return it to the running position. If the brake will not respond, apply the brake and then release. If, however, the brakes go on suddenly, except when backing with back-up hose, with a fall of the black pointer, it is evident that (a) a conductor's valve has been opened, (6) a hose has burst or other serious leak has occurred, or (c) the train has parted. In such event, place the handle immedi- ately on "lap" position, to prevent the escape of air from the main reservoir, and leave it "lapped" until defect has been remedied and release signal given. 1085. The engine and tender brakes, unless Bnine defective, must be used automatically at every application of train brakes. When a brake is defective so that it should not be operated, the particular brake defective should be^cut out. 1086. When two or more engines are coupled together in one train, brakes must be connected through to and operated from the head engine. For this purpose a cut-out cock is placed in the brake pipe just below the engineman's valve. The engineman of each engine except the head one, must close this cut-out cock and place the handle of his valve in the running position, keep air pump running, maintaining air pressure on his engine, thus enabling him to assume charge of the train brakes should occasion require. 223 Air-pump 1087. If air pump stops it can often be started to work, by c i os i n g the throttle and opening it quickly. If an air pump stops frequently take off the cap and apply a little cylinder oil. If this does not start the pump remove the reversing piston (side cap) and see if the packing rings are broken; if so, remove the broken pieces, wrap with candle wicking, oil and restart pump. Occasionally the nuts come off the main piston' rod in the air cylinder, or the reversing plate bolts get loose in the steam cylinder; this may also cause the pump to stop. Generally time permits of only the first few things being done. Notify the con- ductor immediately if the air pump will not work so the train can be controlled by the hand brakes to a place where decision will be made as to whether you shall proceed with the train. danged alve 1088. If brake valve be so deranged that the equalizing reservoir leaks badly, is broken off, or the equalizing piston sticks up and will not seat, place a blind gasket in the connection to the engineman's brake valve leading to the equalizing reservoir or plug up the opening; put a plug in the train line exhaust elbow; and do your braking with the emergency position carefully to avoid jerking. coupling to 1089. When coupling to train or taking extra train on picking up carg ^ a ppiy brakes on cars already coupled to the engine, leave the handle in lap position until the cocks are open, then release all brakes and charge the train. 224 1090. In descending grades apply brake lightly before speed increases very much; keep speed low and the brake pipe and auxiliary pres- sures as high as possible, taking advantage of let- ups and curves to recharge. When recharging on a grade place the handle in full release until the auxiliaries have time to recharge to the authorized pressure. 1091. When backing passenger trains and Backing ' ^ passenger back-up hose is to be used by trainmen, the trains - engineman must carry the brake valve in run- ning position. Following either a stop or slow down, and signal is given to continue backing, the handle of the brake valve should be moved as in making a regular brake release. On grades where a train will not stand with On ^ades. brakes released, the train should be held with the straight air brakes of the engine, or, in its absence, by admitting steam to the cylinders with the engine reversed. The engineman must apply the automatic ^ e matic brake whenever in his judgment it is required to insure the safety of the train. 1092. In Passenger Service: When trains are f r ^ e s nger approaching a terminal station, end of double t a e?min\ c i hlng track, junction point, railway crossing at grade, draw bridge, heavy descending grade, or any point of possible danger, engineman shall make a two mile limit air brake test consisting of an eight to ten pound reduction of air pressure, and] judging the resultant holding power of the 225 cars. brakes, as well as observing the length of blow from the brake-pipe exhaust of the automatic brake valve. fct In Freight Service: Enginemen must know that the required pressure, which will be indi- cated by the air gauge, is maintained at all times. Conductors must give such observance to the air pressure, indicated by the air gauge located in the caboose, as will insure against the possibility of a closed angle cock, or insufficient pressure from any cause, and must continuously observe the air gauge while descending heavy grades, or places of extra hazard. Should the air pressure as indicated by the air gauge in the caboose indicate possible danger, the conductor must take precautionary measures to insure safety by information conveyed to the engineman, the application of air brakes by the conductor's valves, or by hand brakes, as may be necessary. air When a car not equipped with air brakes or brake pipe broken is hauled in a freight train ahead of caboose, the conductor must so inform the engineman, who will then be required to make a two mile limit air brake test approaching a station, end of double track, junction point, railway crossing at grade, draw bridge, heavy descending grade, or any point of possible danger, by applying the brakes with sufficient reduction of air to assure himself of their holding power and that he has proper control of the train; this will be done without reliance upon the exhaust from the automatic brake valve. If not assured 226 he has power control, and the speed and length of the train renders it unsafe to release brakes, he will hold them applied until the train stops. 1093. When engine has been coupled to train, Testing air - or two sections have been coupled together, the brake and signal couplings must be united, the angle cocks in the pipes both brake and signal must be open, except those at the rear end of the last car, which must be closed. After the train has been charged with air, signal must be given to apply the brakes, as provided for in the train rules. When this has been done brakes on each car must be examined to see if they are properly applied. When it is ascertained that each brake is applied the engineman must be signaled to release the brakes. When the train air signal is in use the signal to the engineman to apply the brakes should be given from a car as near the forward end of the train as possible and to release brakes from the rear car; both by use of the air signal. The brakes of each car must then be examined to see that each is released. In addition, when a train is to be handled with J* ck h08e . a back-up hose, trainmen must make a test with the back-up hose. 1094. If defect be discovered it must be AIT defects, remedied and brakes tested again the operation being repeated until it is ascertained that every- thing is right. The engineman must then be notified that the brakes are working properly. 227 Aching 1095. When detaching engine or cars first close the cocks in the brake pipes at the point of separation, and then part the couplings invariably by hand. Frozen 1096. If couplings are found frozen together or covered with an accumulation of ice, the ice must first be removed and then the coupling thawed out to prevent injury to the gaskets. 1097. If brakes stick or wheels slide, engine- man must be signaled as per rule 16 (m). If engineman cannot release brakes, or if brakes are applied to detached cars, the release may be effected by opening the bleed cock in the auxiliary reservoir until the air begins to release through the triple valve, with the LN brake until the brake is entirely released, when the reservoir cock must be immediately closed. Brakes not releas- ing might be caused by the brake not being cut in at angle cock, or retainer turned up. 1098. Should a train break in two or more parts, first close the angle cock at the rear of the first section and signal the engineman to release the brakes. Having coupled to the second section, observe the rule for making up trains first being sure that the angle cock at the rear of the second section has been closed, if the train has been broken into more than two sections. When the engineman has released the brakes on the second section, the same method must be employed with reference to the third section, and so on. When the train has been recoupled brakes must be inspected and each released before proceeding. 228 1099. If, through defect of brake apparatus cut out car. while on the road, it becomes necessary to cut out the brake upon any car, it may be done by closing the cock in the cross-over pipe near the center of the car where the quick-acting brake is used. When the brake has thus been cut out, the cock in the auxiliary reservoir must be opened and left open upon passenger cars, or held open until all air has escaped from the reservoir upon freight cars. The brake must never be cut out upon any car unless the appa- ratus is defective, and when it is necessary to cut out a brake, the conductor must notify the engineman and also report, stating the reason. 1100. Should it be necessary to apply brakes from the train, it may be done by opening con- ductor's valve. The valve must be held open until the train comes to a full stop, and then must be closed. This method of stopping the train must not be used except in case of emerg- ency. 1101. If a brake pipe hose should burst, it must be replaced and the brakes tested before proceeding, providing the train is in a safe place. If it is not, the cock immediately in front of the burst hose must be closed, and the engineman signaled to release. All the brakes to the rear of the burst hose must be released by hand, and the train proceed to a safe place where the burst hose must be replaced and brakes again con- nected and tested as in making up train. 229 Conductor's ralre. itetahiing 1102. When the pressure-retaining valve is to be used, the trainmen must, at the top of the grade, test the brakes upon the whole train, and must then pass over the train and turn the handle of the pressure-retaining valves horizontally upon all or part of the cars, as may be directed. At the foot of the grade the handles must all be turned down again. Special instructions will be issued as to the grades upon which these valves are to be used. Discharge 1103. In making up trains, couplings and car discharge valves on the cars must be examined to see all are tight. Should the car discharge valve upon any car be found defective while on the road, it may be cut out of use upon that car by closing the cock in the branch pipe leading to the valve. The conductor must be notified when the signal has been cut out upon any car, and he must report the same for repairs. In using the signal, pull directly down upon the cord during one full second, for each intended blast of the signal whistle, and allow two seconds, or more on long trains, to elapse between the pulls. Report to 1104. Any defect in air brake or air signal inspector. apparatus discovered upon the road must be reported to the inspector at the end of the run, or, if the defect be a serious one in passenger service, it must be reported to the nearest in- spector, and be remedied before the car is again placed in service. AJJ brake 1105. When making up trains at terminals, all air brake cars should be switched ahead and 230 operated. While passenger trains are charging, brakeman or inspector must pull each car dis- charge valve to see that air signal is cut in on each car. When switching passenger cars occu- pied by passengers or adding to passenger trains the air brake must be coupled up and used on cars being handled; this is to insure safety, also it charges auxiliaries, and brakes can be tested immediately. 1106. A back-up hose must be used for back- Back up hose. ing all passenger trains, whether loaded or empty, and one or more experienced trainmen must be on the rear platform of rear car. All back-up hose must have a valve with a ^t- inch minimum opening, and a warning whistle. When back-up hose is to be used, its connections gjj* 011 must be tested by making through its valve a reduction of brake-pipe pressure before the train is moved and the engineman will require this test before backing train; also a running test must be made by use of the valve in the back-up hose within 200 feet after train has started back, bringing the train to a stop against the working of the engine and if this is not done the engine- man will stop the train within 300 feet of start- ing point. The engineman will require the above tests to be made before proceeding. When making a stop with the back-up hose, M *ke test the opening of the valve should be gradually increased until the train has slowed down as much as desired or has stopped, if required. 231 Avoid The valve in back-up hose should be opened emergency . application, slowly to avoid the emergency application, except in case of emergency, when it must be quickly opened wide and left open. When this valve is closed the brakes will release and re-charge from the engine. Defect 1107. Trainmen must keep on hand several cards. air brake defect cards, and when they find an air brake or air signal inoperative and it cannot be repaired immediately, they shall apply a card, according to instructions. Car repairers and in- spectors will immediately proceed to put it in proper repair and detach card when found to be in good working order. Conductors will be held responsible for leaving trains at destination terminals with air cut out and no defect card, when^ 1108. When picking up air brake cars, cut in ^ ** air when making draw-bar coupling; before open- ing angle cock see that rear cock is closed. The cars will be charging while going back to trains. Before moving cars on the side track or starting from terminal, care should be exercised to see that hand brakes are off, shoes not frozen to wheels, and retainers down. LN brakes. 1109. When passenger trains equipped with LN brakes are to be switched, or when road engines are to be changed, the engineman will make a twenty pound reduction of brake pipe pressure and leave the brakes applied, before the angle cock between train and engine tank are closed. This to permit the engineman of the receiving engine to release the brakes and avoid 232 delay caused by brakes sticking. Trainmen and yardmen will not close angle cocks for the purpose of changing engines until engineman has made this reduction. 1110. Hand brakes should be set at rear end Backing up. of train only when backing up to keep slack from running out, or upon a call for brakes. When setting out air brake cars bleed the auxiliary reservoir before setting up hand brakes. 1111. It is the duty of enginehouse foremen ?f s D e e c r tion to see that air brake and signal equipment is properly inspected upon each engine. It must be ascertained that all pipe joints, connections and all other parts of the apparatus are air tight, and in good working order, cleaned and lubricated at proper intervals and pressure regulators ad- justed to the authorized pressure. 1112. Air pumps must be tested under pres- At^pump sure, and if found to be working imperfectly in any respect, must be put in a thoroughly service- able condition. 1113. Driver and tender brakes must be so^jj adjusted that the piston travel will be within the adjusted - following limits: Cam type driver wheel brake 2" to 3%" Other forms of driver wheel brake. . . 4" to 6" Engine truck brake 6" to 8" Tender brake 6" to 9" When the cam brake is used, care must be cam brake - taken to adjust both cams alike so that the point of contact of the cams will be in line with the piston rod. 233 The tender brake must be adjusted by means of the dead truck levers or bottom rods, corres- ponding levers on the two trucks have a like angle and that the travel does not exceed the long and short limits. 1114. The main reservoir, and also drain cup in brake pipe under tender, must be drained of any accumulation after each trip. The auxiliary reservoirs and triple valves must also be drained frequently, and daily in cold weather, and the brake pipe under the engine and tender blown out. 1115. The air signal apparatus must be examined and tested by suitable appliances from both front of the engine and rear of tender, to know that the whistle responds properly. 1116. It is the duty of all inspectors to see that couplings, pipe joints, triple valves, con- ductor's valves, air signal valve, and all other parts of the brake and signal apparatus are in good order and free from leaks. For this pur- pose they must be tested under the full air pres- sure as used in service. No passenger train must be allowed to leave a terminal station with the brake upon any car cut out, or in defective con- dition, without special orders from the proper officer. If a defect be discovered in the brake apparatus of a freight car, which cannot be held long enough to give time to correct such defect, the brake must be cut out and the car properly carded, to call the attention of the next inspector to the repairs required. 234 1117. Freight trains on arrival at terminals where inspectors are stationed to make immedi- ate brake inspection and repairs, shall have slack stretched and left with brakes fully applied. 1118. In making up trains, couplings must be^ai^ al united and cocks at ends of cars all opened, except at the rear end of the last car, where the cocks must be closed; the inspector or trainman must know that the air is passing through the pipes to the rear end. After the train is fully charged, the engineman must be signaled to apply the brake. When the brakes have been applied, they must be examined upon each car to see that they are applied with proper piston travel. This having been ascertained, the inspector or train- man must signal the engineman to release brakes, using the train air signal from the rear car dis- charge valve, upon passenger train. He must then again examine the brakes upon each car to note that each is released. If any defect be dis- covered, it must be corrected and the testing of the brakes repeated until they work properly. He must then inform both the engineman and the conductor of the number of cars with brakes in good order. This examination must be re- peated if any change be made in the make up of the train before starting. 1119. Inspectors will be held strictly respon- inspectors sible for the good condition of all brake and signal apparatus upoir cars placed in trains. They will also make any examination of brake apparatus or repairs to the same, which they may be called upon to do by train men. 235 GENERAL MAINTENANCE RULES. Location. 1140. Foremen, maintainers and repairmen in bridge, track, signal, telegraph and telephone work must keep their headquarters advised of their location and respond promptly when called. ation per ~ 1141. Employes in the several branches of work will at all times co-operate, and when necessary, assist each other in maintenance work. Duties. 1142. They will have charge of men directly under them; examine and know that they under- stand and obey the rules and understand and know the meaning of signals; see that material and tools are safely kept and properly used; keep record of time worked and material used, and will make such detailed distribution of labor and material as may be required. When watchmen are employed, they must properly instruct them in relation to their duties and know that they are complied with. an e watch le 1143. Keep themselves supplied with a copy of current Time Tables, and be thoroughly familiar with all the rules and regulations thereon, and with the time of all trains over the section of road on which they are working; carefully note signals carried by trains; no notice will be given of extra trains that may be running. They must provide themselves with a reliable watch. and when pos- sible compare time daily with a standard clock or with watches of employes who are required to have correct time. 236 1144. Foremen in bridge and track work Hand signaling. must keep themselves supplied with the following signals, and in proper condition ready for immedi- ate use: 12 torpedoes, 6 fusees, 3 red flags, 2 green flags, 3 combination red and green flags, 4 green lanterns, 3 red lanterns, 2 white lanterns. 1145. Foremen, maintainers and repairmen in Hand signal, telegraph and telephone work must keep themselves and each man under them, who may be called upon to do flagging, supplied with the following signals and in proper condition for immediate use: 12 torpedoes, 6 fusees, 1 red flag, 1 red lantern, 1 white lantern. 1146. Before work on track, bridge or cul-workon vert is commenced which will render it impassable cuirfS ana track. for trains, the train dispatcher must be notified if possible; flagman must be sent in both direc- tions with flagman's signals a sufficient distance to insure full protection, placing two torpedoes, and when necessary, in addition, displaying lighted fusees, and will remain there until recalled. 237 When day signals cannot be plainly seen, owing to weather or other conditions, night signals must also be used. In placing torpedoes they will be securely fastened to the top of the rail on the engineman's side, two hundred feet apart, and, when prac- ticable, not closer than five hundred feet from a whistling post. Flagman's Signals: Day signals A red flag, Torpedoes and Fusees. Night signals A red light, A white light, Torpedoes and Fusees. 1147. When track is in bad order or work is to be done which will render it unsafe for trains to pass at their usual speed, a combination red and green flag by day, and in addition a red and a green light by night, must be placed a sufficient distance to insure full protection. A green flag by day, and in addition a green light by night, will also be placed at the point where normal speed may be resumed. On single track these signals must be placed to the right of the track, and on double track to the left of the track in the direction of current of traffic; these signals will not be placed within the home signal limits or near the interlocking home signal in the direction of current of traffic. 238 When slow speed is to be maintained at the standard slow boards. same point more than one week, standard slow boards should be set up instead of the flags, and standard signal lamps used instead of lanterns. Slow speed signals must be set on two standards at least four feet high. Report to the proper officer at once, every |gjg?| rded instance when signals have been disregarded. 1148. Employes in the bridge and building, water service, track, signal, telegraph, or other departments having occasion to obstruct a main track in any way while engaged in doing necessary work, must, before doing so, see that protection is given as per Rule 99. 1149. They shall be responsible for the proper Jj installation, maintenance and safe condition of the work under their charge, for the economical use of material and for all tools entrusted to their charge, and when tools are not in use they must be locked up in the tool car or box. When relieved they must turn over to their successor all such tools and material. 1150. No material of any description must be piled or left within six feet of main or side track, or elsewhere, in such a manner as to obstruct the view of or from approaching trains. Rails and other material must not be left scattered about the station grounds. Old ties, fencing, draw bars, spikes, iron work, car doors, scraps of all kinds found, must at once be picked up and disposed of as directed. 239 StatCu 1151. They must not make any change in si5 tic the tracks which will interfere with the automatic signals without previous arrangement, nor make any iron connections of the rails and frogs. They must observe the working of the automatic signals and report promptly any defects noticed. Broken When a rail is broken in track which is bonded for track circuit, also when bond wires or signal connections are found broken, or it is necessary to break them, the signal repairmen must be notified immediately so that normal conditions can be restored as soon as possible. Accidents. 1152. In cases of accident to trains, storms, or other causes which may prevent the move- ment of trains, they will render all possible assistance in restoring normal conditions, whether coming under their particular duties or otherwise, and co-operate with other departments in the protection of the company's property. inyestiKate 1153. They shall investigate and report all accidents which may be attributed to defects in, or result in damage to, property under their charge. Prescribed 1154. They shall conform to the prescribed standards. . standards and plans m the execution of their work. They will not permit, except by proper authority, experimental trials of appliances or devices nor give out information of the result of any trial. Authority 1155. They must not make or permit any gjJj s eilt permanent rearrangement of or changes in bridges, 240 building, track, signals, interlocking plants, tel- egraph or telephones without proper authority. 1156. Track jacks, when in use, must be? a r c a k placed on the outside of the rail, and must always tooL} ' "* be protected as per Rule 1145, when track is obstructed. The use of track jacks between the rails, or permitting them to stand on the track or lie between the rails when not in use, is posi- tively forbidden. Tools, iron, ties and other material should not be brought on the track and allowed to remain there, except when needed for immediate use. 1157. They must not permit switch keys to switch ken. pass out of their possession, and must personally attend to the opening and closing of switches equipped with locks. 1158. (a). Track cars must be used only in Track cars, company service. No persons other than em- ployes in discharge of their duties will be per- mitted to ride upon or use such cars except in connection with railway service and then only by permission of the company employe in responsible charge of the car. (b). When track cars are used, lookout must be maintained in both directions. (c). Track cars moving in the same direction on one track must be kept at least five hundred (500) feet apart, must not be attached to and must not follow a moving train closer than five hun- dred (500) feet. (d). Should a torpedo be exploded by a track car, the torpedo must be immediately replaced. 241 (e) . Hand cars operated in multiple main track districts must in all cases be moved against the current of traffic when view is not obstructed. (f). When a track car is run after dark, a white light must be displayed to the front and a red light to the rear of the car. (g). A track car must not be used on the main track when view is not clear on account of fog or other weather conditions unless properly protect- ed. It must not be taken from the track at public or private crossings, except in emergency. (h). Track cars must not be run by a train standing at a station except where there is a fence between tracks. (i). Motor track cars must not be run by station platforms where view is obstructed, past men working on track or after dark when rails cannot be seen for at least two hundred (200) feet, faster than will allow a car to be stopped in fifteen (15) feet. (j). When approaching a highway, the view of which is not perfectly clear, the speed of a track car must be regulated, and if necessary the car stopped before reaching the crossing, so that if a team or automobile reaches the crossing at the same time, an accident cannot occur. The man operating the car is responsible and should not accept hand signals from crossing flagman or any one else stationed at or near the crossing, but should have absolute knowledge that the- crossing is clear. 242 (k). Track cars must not be left standing on main track except in charge of a sufficient num- ber of men to properly handle them. When not in use, they shall be removed from track and locked or otherwise secured. (1). A person operating a track car will be held responsible for all accidents and must protect himself and others against accidents. He must not expect others to protect themselves. (m). Take no risks. In case of doubt, adopt the safe course. It is better to be delayed than have an accident. (n). Any employe who notices the unau- thorized use of a track car will immediately report same to the Division Superintendent. (o). The laws or regulations of a state or municipality within which a track car is being operated must be observed. 1159. (a). Each motor car should be operated by one person as much as practical, who should be thoroughly familiar with the car. (b). The person in charge of a car must know that all tools and materials on a car are safely secured and kept in that condition. (c). Before starting, there should be a thorough understanding as to what part each person is to take in handling the car should an emergency arise necessitating prompt handling of the car. (d). A motor car must never be operated under its own power, unless person running the car is 243 on the car. Before applying power, whether starting or running, spark lever must be in the retard position. (e). A speeder motor car must not be run backwards under its own power. (f). Keep a constant lookout for dogs, chickens, hogs, or other animals, also for objects such as stones and sticks on rail, which are liable to be struck and derail car. (g). A track car must be stopped and persons using car must step off of tracks when a moving train is passing on adjacent main track. (h). Cars should not be operated faster than a walk through interlocking plants or over facing switches and facing frogs, and should be run carefully over trailing switches. (i). A track car must not be run to exceed ten (10) miles per hour on curves, or more than twenty (20) miles per hour at any time. (j). When rails are slippery due to wet weather or frost, a greater distance is required to stop a track car and the person operating the car should take this into account. (k). A motor track car must never be used to push another car. When used to move another car, the motor track car must always be ahead and securely attached close to the car being towed. Slow speed must be maintained. No one shall be allowed to sit with legs between such cars when in motion. 244 (1). Do not adjust track car while it is in motion except that adjustment of carburetor is permitted. (m). Each gang hand car must be provided with a hand lever attached to brake on at least two wheels. Immediately after starting a track car, brakes must be tested to insure that they are in proper working condition. Do not use brakes suddenly without warning to every one on car. (n). All persons riding on gang hand cars must be in standing position. (o). Before using track car each day, inspect all bolts, nuts and cotters to see that all are tight, that gasoline tank, feed pipes and con- nections do not leak and that brakes are in good condition and adjustment. Excessive side play in boxes must not be allowed. Each box must be held by two bolts with nuts and nutlocks. On speeder cars there must be two bolts, with nuts and nutlocks fastening guide wheel axle to guide arm. Gauge of wheels must not be over four feet eight inches (4' 8") or less than four feet seven and one half inches (4' 7^")- Track cars must not be used with any part worn or broken which is liable to cause an accident. (p). All speeder motor cars must be equipped with four (4) wheels; the large wheels must have concave tread. Each large wheel must be pro- vided with a Brake and both operated by one lever; the brake lever handle must be provided 245 with a hook or secure means to insure brake lever clearing moving parts of engine four (4) inches. In lining up wheels of speeder motor cars, front large wheel should be very slightly turned towards right hand rail (except on those cars on which no adjustment is provided); rear large wheel very slightly away from right-hand rail; front small wheel away from left-hand rail and rear small wheel parallel to rail. When lined up properly, large front wheel will hug right-hand rail when car is pushed forward by hand, and if car is shoved over so that small wheel hugs left- hand rail, the car will return itself so that large front wheel hugs right-hand rail. See that large front wheel hugs rail before starting. (q). The use of a track car with any other motor and equipment than that regularly in- stalled thereon will not be permitted without special authority. (r). Gasoline must not be handled near a lighted lantern or any other flame. (s). Do not get off car while it is in motion. In no case shall a man get on a car that is in motion from in front. (t). Track cars must be shipped on trains as little as possible. The tanks must be thoroughly drained before loading for shipment. 246 TRACK FOREMEN. 1180. The track foremen report to the Report to. road-master. They have charge of the repairs on their section, ^f t ponsi - and are responsible for the maintenance and safe condition of the track. 1181. They must assist in the work personally ; Duties, go themselves, or send a reliable and competent man, over their sections at least once daily; carefully note the condition of track, road-bed, bridges, culverts, fences, cattle guards, etc., and know that everything is safe for the passage of trains. 1182. See that track is in proper line and Prop*? line, surface, is full spiked to correct gauge, and that every joint is full bolted and kept tight. 1183. They must see that all switches are in switches. frogs, guard perfect order; that frogs, guard-rails and switch- raUs - etc - rails are properly blocked and spaces in planked crossings kept clean; that switches, derails and pipe lines in interlocking plants are kept clean and well drained; that derails and signals connected to and protecting outlying switches are working properly. 1184. They must see that the right-of-way cattu fences and cattle-guards are kept in repair, and that gates and bars are closed. In any case where 247 parties are in the habit of leaving gates and bars open, notice of the fact must be given the road- master. Fires. 1185. Keep a careful look-out for fires along the right-of-way, and, if possible, prevent its spreading, and damage or destruction of the Company's or adjoining property. During dry weather no fires must be started unless there is sufficient force to keep them under control. When a fire is discovered which appears to have been started by an engine, a report should be immedi- ately made to the nearest master mechanic, or round-house foreman, by wire and on postal-card form 786. In every case of damage, either to the Company's property or the property of others, a report must be madfc to the roadmaster on form 76. If property destroyed does not belong to the Company, the owner should be requested to make a statement of loss on form 76-A, which must also be forwarded to the roadmaster. and 6 d- k H86. Investigate every case of damage to live position. stock and make a full report to the roadmaster on form 1229. When stock is killed or injured notify the owner, and if not taken charge of within a reasonable time, bury the carcass and dispose of the hide to the best advantage; notify the owner of the action taken, sending the required reports promptly to the roadmaster, and the money to the local treasurer. Track foremen are prohibited from arbitrating or agreeing on appraisers to determine the amount of the loss. 248 1187. Whenever violent wind or rainstorms j;$ orm , occur, or in case of sudden rise of streams at night hlgh watw< as well as during the day; trackmen are required to carefully examine the condition of the track, bridges, culverts, etc., and if not considered entirely safe, flag approaching trains. A report must always be made to the chief train dis- patcher by wire after such inspection, stating the exact conditions. 1188. Examine the line wires each day and Examine if they are crossed or obstructed, repair tempo- rarily, when possible, and report the conditions to the chief train dispatcher. Examine each day the whips and warning guards for overhead structures, repair when possible, and report defects to the road master. 1189. They will pick up any property found care of on the right-of-way, whether lost from passing trains or not, and deliver it to the agent at the nearest station, making a report by letter to the road master. 1190. Should persons be found on the right-of- Persons , ,. . unable to way who are not in a safe or proper condition to g^J veg care for themselves, they must be placed in charge of the proper authorities or removed to a place of safety from personal injury. 249 INDEX. Rule No. Abbreviations 223 Absence from duty 709 Accidents, reporting 701, 800, 801, 802, 803, 804, 805, 806, 807, 1152, 1153 Acknowledge signals 14, 29 Advertising matter 739, 861, 862 Air brake rules. . , 1070 to 1119 Any object waived 13 Block Signaling (automatic) : 501a to 512a Broken rails or bond wires 510b Cross-over (use of) 511, 512, 512a Lights on Signals 506 Signals out of order 510, 510a Signals, what they govern. . : 505, 508 Stop signal (observation) 509, 509c Stop and proceed signal (observation) 509 Block Signaling (manual) 302a to 374 Admitting train and reporting 317, 317a, 317b, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323 Authority to occupy block 362e Care of Station, etc 335 Circuits (work through and ground) 340a Closing office ,341, 341a, 342, 373 Communicating code 316, 316a Communication cut off 332, 332a Cross-over and switching 327, 327a, 327b, 334, 361, 366, 366a, 366b Delays 372, 372a District defined in time table 305a, 374 Hand signalling appliances 333 Intermediate siding 317a, 362c Lights in block stations 336 Lights (when displayed) 337 251 INDEX Continued Rule No. Movement against current traffic D152b, 334, 361, 366a, 366b Normal indication of signals 311 Observe passing trains 321 Obstruction in block 325, 370 Office closed at irregular hour 343a Office opened at irregular hour 306, 341 Office opened and closed 340, 341, 342, 343, 373, 814 Orders for train 330, 330a Record of train movement 315, 315a, 315b Signals (how to operate) 312 Signals (out of order) 312, 331 Signals (observe indication) 313 Signals (repair and change) 314 Signals (what they govern) 305, 305a Stop signal disregarded 338, 339 Stop signal overrun 338, 339 Stop train after engine by signal 329, 329a Signalman absent ' 372a Telephone code 316, 316a Train moving against traffic 334, 361, 366b Train parting .324, 328, 367, 368, 369 Train separating and recoupling 328, 364, 369 Train without markers 323 Block Signaling (time spacing) 380 to 383 Record of train movement 383 Spacing 91, 91a, 380, 381, 383 Bridges 101, lOla, lOlb, 108, 701, 705, 706 Bulletins 83d Cars Bad order 957, 960 Bunk cars on sidings 26b Ahead of engine 24, 103, 103a, 716 Connected by communicating signals 25 Door instructions 730, 891 Examination of 729 Economy in use 735 Flats 729 252 INDEX Continued Rule No. FreigKt handled in passenger train 908 Hauled behind caboose 19a Inspection of 26, 26a Laborer 26b Loading (MCB) 744 Log 729 Oil 729 Passenger (switched) 103a, 1105 Persons not allowed in 737 Placing at 728, 729 Position in train. 729 Poultry 729 Repairmen signals 26, 26a Repaired 26, 26a Steam heat instructions 743 Stock 729 Tanks 729 Track and motor 1158, 1159 Ventilation 730 Vestibules and traps 931, 938, 940 Wooden platform 729 Clearance cards (use of) 83a, 83b, 91b Clearance (track 734, 1150 Clear (time of train) 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 91a Condition (passing trains) 700 Crossing gates 33, 33a, 33b Cross-over 327, 327a, 327b, 334, 361, 366, 366a, 366b Culverts lOla, 108 Damaged freight 725 Delays 720 Detouring trains 83b, 718, 719 Defects (reporting) 700, 701 Diverting trains D152, D152a, D152b, D152c Dismissals 708 Duty of employes. Baggagemen (train) 920 to 926 253 INDEX-Continued Rule No. Brakemen (passenger) 930 to 941 Brakemen (freight) 1000 to 1005 Conductors (passenger) 723, 739, 900 to 915 Conductors (freight) 723, 725, 739, 950 to 972 Enginemen 1040 to 1052 Firemen 1060 to 1065 Foremen, Bridge and Building 734, 1140 to 1159 Foremen, Engine House 1020, 1021 Line repairmen 840, 1140 to 1159 Operators 810 to 830 Signal repairmen 1140 to 1159 Station agents 734, 737, 738, 739, 741, 850 to 873 Yardmasters 890 to 895 Track foremen 700 to 707, 734, 1140 to 1159, 1180 to 1190 Engine. Backing up 103b Bell and whistle 14, 14q, 14r, 30, 30a, 30b, 31, 31a, 32, 721, 1050 Connecting by communicating signals 25 Cutting off 955 Display headlight 17, 17a, D17, 18 Escape of steam 1049 Flagman's signals 1042 Hauled in trains 966, ^67 Pushing cars 24, 103, 103a, 716 Not to stand near crossing 1049 Riding on footboard and pilot 712, 713, 714 Switch speed of 103b Examination of Employes 707 Explosives 907 Freight cars handled in passenger train 908 Fires (action and reporting) 704, 1185, 1047 Footboards of engines 712, 713, 714 Fusees 11, lla Fog 101, lOle, lOlf Gambling 739 254 INDEX Continued Rule No. Games (playing) 742 Headlight (when displayed) 17, D17, 17a, 18 Highway crossings blocked 860, 955, 956 Highway crossing precaution lOlf, 103, 103a, 721, 724 High water (action and reporting) . . . 101, lOla, lOlb, 705, 706 Indicators (caboose) 19c Injuries (care and reporting) 800 to 807 Inspection of Bridges. 700, 701 Cars .26, 26a, 728, 1117 Interlocking. ,-., 617, 621 Tracks 701, 705, 706 Trains on road 26, 26a, 700 Trains and cars in yard 26, 26a, 728, 1117 Trains (passenger) 900, 902, 903 Watches 1 to3b Interlocking Care of plant 630 Cold weather 618, 619, 667a Defects 622, 623, 624, 625, 625a Delays and detentions 668 Detectors 616 Discontinue use of plant 629 Hand signalling 629a, 663, 663a, 669 Lamps (when lighted) 632 Levers (how operated) 612, 617, 618, 619 Lights (use of in plants) 631 Normal indication of signals 611, 614 Observe signal indications 621 Observe passing trains 626 Obstruct plant 726 Plant out of service 663b Repairmen 681, 682, 683, 684, 685 Repairs and changes 622, 623, 624, 625, 625a, 663b Reverse movement 669, 670 Route changed 615, 616a, 661 Route set to avoid delays 613 INDEX Continued Rule No. Sand over plants 667 Signals, what they govern 605 Signals, out of order 620 Signaling (appliances on hand) 628 Snow periods 619 Stations (who may enter) 634, 737 Stop signal overrun 633, 662 Train parted 627, 664, 665, 666 Trains not to obstruct 726 Keys 710, 711, 1157 Legal instructions 736, 741 Lights, platform and station 870 Live Stock and Disposition 1186 Lose rights 82, 220 Lost articles 912 Maintenance rules (general) 1140 to 1159 Markers. Engine 19, 19a, 19b Trains 19, 19a, 19b, D19 Meals 913 Meeting points 88, 89, 90 Motor and track cars 1158, 1159 Movement of trains 82 to D152c Movement of trains by train orders 201 to 223 Movement of train by telephone 206, 241, 242, 243, 244 Movement of train against the current of traffic D152c, 334, 361, 362e, 366b News Agents 910 Night signals (when displayed) 9, 337, 632 Operators transfer 341a, 811 Opposite track obstructed, D151, D152, D152a, 362e, 366, 366a Passenger trains discharging passengers 106, 106a, 106b, D106 Passengers. Carried on freight trains 729, 732, 733, 953 Intoxicated 905 256 INDEX Continued Rule No. Refusing to pay fare 906 Requiring care 740, 900 Protection of trains 98a, 99, 99a, 99b, 99c, 100, 101, lOla, D102, 722, 723 Reading on duty 742 Re-employment 708 Register check 83, 83c Repairman's signal 26 Repair track 26a Retainers , 721, 1102 Running Switches 955 Scales 727 Schedules. Arrive in advance of 92 In effect 82 Meeting points.., 88, 89, 90, 90a Trains passing one another 85, D85, 94 Sections. Operation of 95, 95a, D95, 96 Pass and run ahead 85, D85 Siding (approaching and how used) 98, 98a Signals. Acknowledgment of . . A 29 At station (hand appliances for) '. 869 Audible 14 Automatic block 501 to 519 Block 305, 305a, 363 Caution on track lOh, lOld Classification 20 to 23a Color 8, 10 Communicating 16, 25 Crossing gate 33, 33a, 33b Day and night, when displayed 9, 337, 632 Disappearance of . . . 7a Displayed by train 17 to 24, 95, D95 Disregarded 338, 339, 632, 633, 1147 Engineman aaid fireman repeat 34 257 INDEX Continued Rule No. Engine and motor 14 Flagman's. .35, 99, 333, 628, 926, 1042, 1144, 1145, 1146 Flag stops 28 Front of car being pushed 24 Hand appliances for 7 Hand flag and lamp 12 Imperfectly displayed 27, 27a Interlocking 601a to 685 Know indication 98b Location in giving 7a Manual block 302a to 374 Marker lamp . x lOg Night, when displayed 9, 337, 632 Observation of 34, lOle, 700, 721, 722 Protect laborers on siding 26b Repairman 26, 26a Resume Normal Speed r lOh, lOld, 1147 Slow speed lOh, lOld, 1147 Steam heat 743 Taken down before other section arrives 96 Time spacing 380 to 383 To start train 84, 1044 Train 17 to 24 Train order semaphore, etc 221, 221b, 302a, 302c Use of 27 to 34 Visible 8 ; 10, 12 Whistle 14, 31, 31a. 32, 721, 1050 Slow speed rules lOh, lOlc, lOld, lOle, lOlf, 1147 Solicitors 739 Standard clock 3 Standard time 1 to 3b, 828 Steam heat 743 Stock, care of 729, 731, 732 Storms 101, lOla, lOlb, lOle, lOlf, 108, 705, 706 Superiority of trains 71, 72 Supplies. Caboose 972 258 INDEX Continued Rule No. Coaches 915 Baggage car 915 Engine 1052 Suspensions 708 Switches. Defective 104c Engr. and Condr. (report when out of order) 702 How left and who responsible for 104, 104b Targets, indication of 104d Trainman stand twenty feet away 104b Train passing 104b Switching over street or public crossing . . 103, 103a, 721, 724 Switching (safety first) 712, 713, 714, 715, 724 Telegraph. Instructions : 738 Movement of trains by 201 to 244 Office closed 244, 306, 341, 341a, 342, 373, 814 Office opened 306, 340, 340a, 343, 373 Students 829 Telephone. Instructions 738 Movement of trains by 206, 241, 242, 243, 244 Station closed , 244 Time tables 4 to 6 Tools. Caboose 972 Coaches 915 Baggage car 915 Engine ' 1052 Torpedoes, use of 15, 99, 99a Track and Motor cars 1158, 1159 Track (condition of) lOh, 108, 700, 705, 706 Transmitting orders 210, 210a, 211 Trains. Approaching end of double tracks and junctions 98 Approaching station where passengers are being dis- charged 106, 106a, D106 259 INDEX Continued Rule No. Approaching meeting points 90 Approaching stations and sidings 98a Arrive in advance of schedule 92 At stations 98a Backing up 716, 1079, 1091, 1093, 1106, 1110 Check register 83, 83c, D83 Clearance time 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 91a Detoured 83b, 718, 719 Disabled 94, 94a, D94 Diverted D152, D152a, D152b, D152c Get start signal 84 Identify at meeting points 90a Leave initial station 83, 83a, 83c, D83 Lose rights 82 Make up , 729, 891, 964, 966, 1072, 1073, 1074, 1086, 1093, 1103, 1105, 1118 Movement of 82 to D152c Movement in yards 93, 93a Moving under slow speed (temporarily) lOld Note condition (while passing) 700 Orders 201 to 243 Orders relayed 241, 242, 243 Parting 102, D102, 324, 328, 367, 368, 369 Passenger switched 1105 Passing another 85, D85 Passing passenger discharging passengers 106, D 106 Protection 98a, 99, 99a, 99b, 99c, 100, 101, lOla, 723, 934, 1004, 1148 Report departure of train 222, 319 Register 83, 83b, 83c, D83 Run ahead of another 85, D85 Run without orders 97, 97a, D97, D97a Safety of (responsibility) 105 Sections pass and run ahead 85, D85 Spacing 91, 91a Superiority 71, 72 Taking coal and water (engine cut off) . 1051 Take siding 208e 260 INDEX Continued Rule No. Use of siding 98 Work 716 Train orders. Acknowledgment of 212, 212a Brief, etc 201 Compare 210, 211 Continue in effect 220, 220c Delivery by train 217 Delivery by Operator 210, 211, 211a Designation of train 206 Foreign engine 206a 'How numbered 203 How transmitted 207, 210, 210a, 211 Intermediate 208a, 208c, 208e Line failure 214 Movement of trains 201 Not accept 219 Office in Interlocking Plant 221b Office open irregular 221a, 306 Read 935, 1003, 1062 Record of 205, 209, 216 Relaying 241, 242, 243 Restricting rights 208a, 208b, 208c, 208d, 208e Side track (meeting point changed) 208e Signature to 210, 210a, 211 Stop signals 221 To whom addressed 202, 204, 208, 208a Transmission by phone 206 When complete 213 When holding 214 Turn tables 703 Unloading freight 725 Under control 90, 93, 98, 98a Unnecessary use of Bell or Whistle 32 U. S. Mail (instructions in handling) 858, 872, 873, 923 Vestibules and traps 931, 938, 940 Watch inspection 2 to 3b 261 INDEX Continued Rule No. Watch comparison 2 to 3b Where schedule time applies 5 Whistling. Action when no response 14r Duration and intervals 14q Signals displayed 14, D14 Unnecessary use of 32 When not to sound 31a, 32, 1050 When to sound 31 Water high 101, lOla, lOlb, 705, 706 Work train 716 Yard limits 93, 93a Zero weather lOlb, lOlc 262 mv&mbiiWK#!^^ Is 'yyZ n ffivbMm; ff*iP#& nmm IM18S703 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY