„ 1 
 
 A =: 
 
 
 A^ 
 
 en 
 
 = 
 
 i_ 
 
 n ^ 
 
 ID 
 
 n ^ 
 
 
 U = 
 
 = 33 
 
 
 
 3 = 
 
 r-) 
 
 4 = 
 
 ^^^ 1 — 
 
 6 m 
 
 — 77= cn 
 
 
 33 
 
 7 = 
 
 == 31 
 
 4 = 
 
 
 4 = 
 
 
 
 ( 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 H 
 
 ^H 
 
 THE STRESSED VOWELS 
 
 ^LFRIC'S HOMILIES, 
 
 VOL. r.
 
 THE STRESSED VOWELS 
 
 .ELFRIC'S HOMILIES, 
 
 VOL. I. 
 
 FRANK FISCHER, 
 
 .^, J -> - 
 
 ,^ . J J , J J > ' 
 
 
 J J J J   
 
 , J > J j' 
 
 Extracted from the Publicalions of the Modern Language Asso- 
 ciation OF America, Vol. IV, No. 2, 1889. 
 
 LOS ANGELES 
 
 1,,;'UARY 
 
 orfhiA
 
 t .c .-. 
 
 cr» »*c • » e 
 
 • « .» 
 
 • • •
 
 T '-^5 
 
 THE 
 
 STRESSED VOWELS OF AiLFRICS HOMILIES, 
 
 VOL. I. 
 
 By frank FISCHER, a. B., 
 
 SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA. 
 
 Our knowledge of the phonology of Old English, and more 
 especially of Old English vowels, is as yet comparatively lim- 
 ited. Nor can this afford much occasion for surprise, when we 
 consider how short a time has elapsed since the initial steps were 
 taken in what could justly be considered a scientific treatment of 
 the subject. The phonology of Old English therefore offers a 
 broad field for investigation, and it has been the purpose of the 
 author of this monograph to cover some portion, however small, 
 of the unexplored territory. 
 
 The first volume of Thorpe's edition of '^Ifric's Homilies ' 
 has furnished the material for this investigation, .^Ifric being 
 chosen as typical of the Late West Saxon, and the first volume 
 of his homilies as sufficiently comprehensive to include the 
 greater portion of his vocabulary. As regards the form in 
 which I have presented the work, the only explanation that need 
 be given is that the words have been alphabetically classified 
 according to their stressed vowels, as these appear in Old 
 English. This system seems preferable to any other in that 
 it leaves no room for ambiguity, while at the same time it 
 presents the lists in a shape that requires no subsequent index- 
 ing for purposes of reference. 
 
 Though I have everywhere sought to arrive at some defi- 
 nite conclusion as to the West Germanic originals, I have, when- 
 ever I felt that there was room for reasonable doubt, preferred 
 to query my judgment rather than lay it open to the charge of 
 arbitrariness. The letters p and d, both employed in the text 
 without apparent discrimination, I have uniformly merged 
 under d. Moreover, in the citation of words that are subject to 
 inflection, I have, as a rule, entered the typical or dictionary 
 form, unless there was some particular reason for presenting the 
 word exactly as it occured in the text. To illustrate the latter 
 case, the plural ntdgas is left unchanged, and is not reduced to 
 the nominative singular, for the reason that the plural has a 
 different stressed vowel. 
 
 Of the authorities that have been consulted those that have 
 proved of the greatest assistance are Sievers' ' Grammar of 
 
 161787
 
 4 FRANK FISCHER. 
 
 Old English ' (second edition), translated and edited by Profes- 
 sor Albert S. Cook, and Cosijn's 'Altwestsachsische Gram- 
 matik.' Kluge's ' Etymologisches Worterbuch der deutschen 
 Sprache ' and Grein's ' Sprachschatz der angelsachsischen 
 Dichter ' have also been found exceedingly useful. The stand- 
 ard lexicons and other similar authorities have been employed 
 for occasional reference, but of these no particular mention will 
 be expected. 
 
 THE VOWEL a. 
 
 1. WG. a, WS. a: — ac 2.8; assa 30.13; a.xe 246.19; batian 250.18; 
 blacc 482.20; blace 334. 12; brastlian 68.5; cnapa 182.12 ; cwacian 132.27 ; 
 -dafenlic 14.17 ; -dafenian 36.14 ; dagas 4.7 ; draca 68.5 ; -fadian 414.33 ; 
 fadung 274.29 ; fagnian 88.2 ; faran 6.4 ; -faren 222.16 ; -gaderian 20.34 ; 
 gegaf 534.2; gaffetung 306.2; gladian 36.25; -grafen 424.10; habban 
 350.1; hacele 48.1; hafa 400.27; -hafen 380.31 ; hafen- 128.23; hagol 
 52.18; -hagian 180.12; hatian 52.34; hatung 84.12; -hradian 82.30 ; 
 hrarTe 16.9; lator 102.30; -laS'ung 34.6; (ge)maca 14.19; (ge)macian 
 6.11 ; mage 276.7; magon 272.29; ma^'a 86.10; nacod 18.11; pa3'as 
 360.32; (^rendraca 26.5; racent^ag 434.8 ; racu 46.14; -sacan 144.24; 
 sacu 180. 1 ; -sadelian 210.30; sagol 424.32 ; -slacian 614.13 ; slaga 46.25; 
 -slagen 400.29 ; sparian 180.8 ; stafas 92.12 ; stapas 504.9 ; starian 296.3 ; 
 swalewe 404.25 ; talian 114. 18; -(Tafian 4.30 ; wacol 36.14 ; wacian 36.6 ; 
 -war 16.22; ware 240.28; wlaciim 86.23; wracu 86. 3. 
 
 2. WG. a BEFORE NASALS, WS. o (cf. <f , 7) :— anccl^ow 466.25; 
 -ancsumian 342.11 ; and 2.1 ; anda 16.30 ; -andettan 426.4; andswaru ; 
 angel 216.32 ; angsum- 86.8 ; arn (?) 478.33 ; -band 466.33 ; -bann 34.4 ; 
 barn (?) 86.4; camp- 418.9; campian ',360.16; cann 330. S ; -crammiaii 
 430.4 ;dranc 352.6 ; fandian 4. 10 ; -fangen 284.23 ; fram 2.3 ; gang 90.19 ; 
 gangon 256.13; -gann2.i6; grama 4. 19; (fi^er)hama 380.29; (lic)hama 
 16.17; -hamian 40.24; hancr^d 74.21; hand 10. i ; hangian 382.10; 
 -hangen 504.31 ; hwanon 400.23 ; lama 26.11 ; lamb 140.1 ; -lamp 402.6; 
 land 30.3; (ge)lang 252.4 ; lange 178.6; -langian 86.30 ; langsum 4.19; 
 mancgere 254.25; maneg 2.9; mangian 412.6; mangung 524.12; 
 manian6.25; mann 2.12; manna 12.35; (ge)man5' 28S.28; nam (?) 
 290.7; nama 4.2; -namian 14.16; samnian 78.10; samod 6.13; sand 
 572.8 ; sang 38.7 ; gesang 74.22 ; sangere 21S.9 ; -scamel 314-32 ". -spanen 
 18.8; sprang 304.29; standan6.3; strand 64.3 ; Strang 10.16; 3'an (but 
 cf. SiEVERS-CooK, § 65, N. 2) 438.20; ?anc 12.17; 3rancian 36.19; 
 ^anon 418.28; wamb 66.1; wana 272.13; wand 414.18; wang 12.32; 
 wanian 32.23; -wann 196.4; wannsp^dig 140.6; wanung 94-33- 
 
 3. WG. a, WS. ea through ?^-umlaut: — atelic 16.21 ; ba3^u 86.21 ; 
 carfull 60.19; carian 242.10; cwalu 54.3; daru 102.8; faru 80.3; fatu 
 58.11; gafol 32.14; gatu 364.22; gatum 334.29; stalu 220.9; -sta^Tel- 
 12.8; swa^Tu 68.14; -warn 78.9; warn (wares) 246.2. 
 
 4. WG. a, WS. ea through breaking : — ardlice (?) 78.19; galdor 
 474.21; psalm- 322.34; waruian6.28. 
 
 5. The RESULT of the contraction of e-\-a\ — nabba? 398.15.
 
 STRESSED VOWELS OF CLERICS HOMILIES. 5 
 
 6. Shortened from WS. <?, WG. ai, with gemination o:<' the 
 FOLLOWING consonant: — attor 72.12. 
 
 7. Foreign: — abbud 336.7; ancer- 544.26; ancran 564.7; aposto! 
 60.11; arc 20.31; Arabisc 478.24; aspide 486.35; Clialdeisc 570.10; 
 -cradol 82.29 ; fant 422.17; Franc- 560.7 ; Francan 560.4 ; manna 76.16; 
 marman- 506.11 ; marmstdn 560.32 ; martyr 44.23 ; palm- 90.2 ; papol- 
 64.3; plantian 132.7; traht 104.4. 
 
 THE VOWEL d. 
 
 1. WG. ai, WS. a:— 328.19; aa 294.9; adl86.3; adlian 86.22; adlig 
 4.21; agen 10.19; a{hvvar) 54.25; an 8.19; ar 60.28; arl^asnys 6.25; 
 arian 6.5 ; ar5' 480.32 ; a3"um 478.26; axian 14.22; -bad 226.12; ban 
 14.23; bat 458.14; blacian 314.12; blacung 72.27; blawan 312.12; 
 -blawen- 86.13; brad 132.24; cafer- 422.26; caflice (?) 464.18; das' 
 30.12; cnawan 18.4; -cnawen 358.1; todal 4835 '. draf 374.9 ; -draf 
 502.10; -dwan 452.15; facn 62.31; fag- 122.22; fagettan (?) 60S. 33 ; 
 flat 290.3; gal 360.2 ; gan(?) 14.19; garsecg 454-12; gast 10.9; glad 
 78.23 ; granung 68.7 ; grapian 220.17 ; had 2.2 ; hadian 44.8 ; hal 4.22 ; 
 halsianS.io; ham 80.11 ; bar- 376.13; hat 58. 27 ; behat 74-20; hatan 
 14.8; -haten 346.15; hawian 332.15; hlaf 34.15 ; hlaford 8.23; -hnah 
 420.17 ; hwam 362.25 ; la (Cosijn, § 86) 220.5 ; ^ala (CosijN, § 86) 40.6 ; 
 lac 22.33; ladimg 270.1; laf 12.5 ; belaf 344.14; lam 12.29; lar 2.8; 
 latt^ow 34.12; la^lic 10.31; ma 88.28; -maglice 158.13; (ge)mana 
 24.25; man- 4.13; -mansumian 124.29; mansumung 370.10; mara 
 10.3; ma^m 318.14; (ge)rad 208.19; rap 208.4; rarian (?) 66.18; -ras 
 314.28; sape 472.6 ; sar 42.10; -sargian 158. 8; sarig 566.10; sarlice 
 428.12; sawan 388.22; -sawen 438.1; sawol 6.29; -sna^^ 98.10; snaw 
 222.31; spatl 474.9; -spaw 246.14; stah 244.28; stan 22.29; -swac 
 244.20; swatig 426.31; ta (=lot) ^246. 5 ; tacon 4.3; tan 246.3; twam 
 346.16; S'a 2.11 ; ^am 2.11 ; r^rafian 296.24; ^rafung 294.15; -^Trawen 
 502.17; wa 102.10; wac2.i; wanung 466.33 ; wast 488.26; wat26S.i6; 
 (ge)wat 316.29; -wlatung 348.7 ; -wrat 308.33 ; -wra3" 462.13. 
 
 2. WG. d, USUAL WS. ^:— clawa 424.19; -hwar 74.32; -lacnian 
 124.14; lagon 456.2; maga 74.10; magas 332.31 ; mage 202.9 ; namon 
 (WS. ndtnoti) 316.23; -sawon 296.3; slapon 490.1; tal 338.19; tallic 
 44.27 ; talu 306.2. 
 
 3. WG. 6 : — twa 26.5 ; S'as (fern. ace. sing.) 2.6 ; 3"as (nom. pi.) 344-22. 
 
 4. The CONTRACTION OF d (WG. ai) + vowel: — aht 268.12; -fa 
 226.28; fla 502.17; flan 62.28; na?or 18.7. 
 
 5. The CONTRACTION OF ^ + a : — na 4.18; naht 268.13; nan 8.9; 
 nast 378.7 ; nat 378.5. 
 
 6. Lengthened from a, with ecthlipsis a) of dd: — wag 106.14, 
 wah 2S8.4 (Goth, waddjus). b) of g: — fran 298.10. c) of 2 :— gad 
 
 386.9. 
 
 7. The result of secondary lengthening of WS. a, WG. a : — 
 anda 26.21 ; anweald 342.28 ; andian 346.32 ; -arn 332.28 ; -band 352.31 ; 
 -bann3o.i; -camp 64.19; dranc 168.12; fandian 16S.5 ; -fandode 544.6 ; 
 fandung 532.30; -fangen 492.31; faran 268.14; gang 26.11; -gangan 
 14.7; -gann 258.9; -hafen 512.34; hand 516.7; handa 496.10; hnappode 
 
 ♦Confused with td= toe.
 
 6 FRANK FISCHER. 
 
 86.18; -hradian 61S.25 ; h\va48.23; gehwa 166.27 ; hwan 182.13 ; lamb 
 312.17; -lamp 244.15; land 78.34 ; lang374. 11; -langian 450.31 ; mania(5' 
 600.27; manigende 600.31 ; sand 194.17; -sang 28.9; -sprang 384.26; 
 -stang 452.31 ; Strang 240.8 ; -stranga^ 188.9; swa 4.32; swang 392.1 ; 
 -3^anc 262.30; wamb 604.28; wand 336.17; -wand 342.5 ; wannsp^dig 
 66.11. 
 
 8. Foreign: — casere 30.1 ; papa 220.27 ; sacerd 120.17; sam- (WS. 
 s6in-) 506.2. 
 
 THE VOWEL ^. 
 
 1. WG. a, WS.^: — aecer 184.31 ; aefter-2.3; aelmes- 54.12 ; selmesse 
 162.30; aeppel 88.9 ; aet 6.10; -set 18.9; bcec 212.5; b^ed 330.28; baer 
 320.16; -baerst 374. 10 ; bae3^ 58.27 ; -brsec 376.30; caeppa 336.12 ; crgeft 
 4.25; crset 308.11; cwseS' 258.15; daeg 2.3 ; faec 68.20; faeger- 10.16; 
 fsegnian 60.9 ; faegnung 352.29 ; -faer 28.13 '. fest 114.1 ; -fast 96.25 ; fae^m 
 20.32 ; -frcctwian 210.32; gaers 450.4; glaed 72.27; glaes 510. i ; graeft 
 464.27; -haefd 406.6; hagfde 10.23; (forjhaefednys 118.31 ; haeftling 
 108.21; haeteru 330.14 ; hraedlice 20.21; hraegl 472.6; hw^ne (but cf. 
 SiEVERS-CooK, § 65, N. 2) 434.28 ; hwres 474.3 ; hwaet 284.6 ; -hwae^^ere 
 16.18; laeg 246.2; ma;g4.7; maegen- 128.15; maeg^24.6; naeced- 392.8 ; 
 -naeglian 82.25 ; -Scepig 102.24; saet 290.20 ; scraef 406.14 ; spraec 294.16 ; 
 swaec 138.27; ta^gl 252.5; -taer 374.8; taettece 256.9; /7aes 324.14; 
 un^ieslic 482.9; S'aet 2.11 ; -3'rsec 68.6; waefer- 60.25; wasl- 6.16; 
 -waerscipe 68.4 ; waes 284.25; waestni 14.10; wseter 16.6; -wraec 526.3; 
 wraec(si(?) 58.29.* 
 
 2. WG. a, WS. ^(through umlaut): — ael- 250.20; ae^ele (Sievers- 
 CooK, § 50, N. 2) 52.13; bsecst 488.25 ; -laeman (Sievers-Cook, § 50, 
 N. 2) 6.12 ; -daeftan 212.34; -dwaescan (CosijN, j5 12) 46.20 ; faeder (dat.) 
 10.10; faereld (Cosijn, § 12) 40.5; fer? 268.25; fasstan (Cosijn, § 12) 
 180.10; faesten 70.8; faetels (d ?) 212. i ; -gjedere (Sievers-Cook, § 50, 
 N. 2) 22.3; haebbe 388.15 ; haebbende 550.6; hsebbenne 550.4 ; hasfen 
 580.22; haefst 426.11; haef^r 396.2; haerfest (Sievers-Cook, § 50, N. 2) 
 98.23; maege (? Cosijn, § 12) 272.10; msenig 342.9; -maest 522.7; 
 -plsettan 474.13; -raefniende 30.35; -saeccT 236.2; -scae^TSrig 88.13; 
 -staepe84.7; staeppan 118.32; waecce 178.33. 
 
 3. The representative of WS. e, WG. e: — swaeflen 466.26. 
 
 4. The contraction of e-\-(s: — baeftan ; naebbe 582.15; naefde 
 394.16 ; naef^r 398.29 ; naes 320.15. 
 
 5. Shortened from WS. d, with gemination of the follow- 
 ing consonant: — aeddre (WG. d) 562.6; -aettred (WG. ai) 492.29; 
 aettren (WG. ai) 252.5; aettres (WG. ai) 474.16; naeddre (WG. a) 
 16.32. 
 
 6. Foreign: — msesse- 2.1; -maessian 430.29; paell 508.16; paellen 
 64.13; saeter- (Cf. Sievers-Cook, § 50, N. 2) 216.27. 
 
 THE VOWEL ct. 
 I. The z-umlaut of WS. a, WG. ai: — ae 24.16; aefre8.2o; aeghw^^r 
 116.13; aeg^er 18.4; asht 54.2;-aelan 118.8; aelc4.29; aelic 188.20; 
 
 •Between this a and a following g, an inorganic i is sometimes developed : daigh- 
 'wamlice i^t.T \ laeig ^$2.3; f«<?/f 412.35; mceig^ Zi.^; m<zgi^hadz.i,Z.T.
 
 STRESSED VOWELS OF CLERICS HOMILIES. 7 
 
 sene 232.10; senig 10.35 ; ser4.11; ceren 376.3 ; aew 42.1 ; baenen 532.6 ; 
 bUec- 456.16; blaed 322.13; -braedan 508.34; caeg 364-23; -clceman 
 20.33; claine 58.19; -clrensian 6.1 ; -cnsewst 140.29; dcel 10.25 ; daelan 
 62.3; -drffifani2.3; fa;h(5r 226.23; femne 14-24; fetnys 522.33; faett 
 614.19; flffisc 14.24; -gjegan 604.20; gselsa 544-28; gas^r 66.12; liajl 
 410.17; ha^lan 4.20; harmed (CosijN, § 88) 148.22; haes 26.10; haet 
 266.34; hsetan 86.4; ha;tu 282.11; haj^en 46-19; ha;3rung 286.3; 
 hlajnnys (? Cosijn, § 88; but cf. OLG. l^hni Stratmann s. v. Id-tte) 
 522. 31; -hvvaede (?) 84.21 ; hvva^te 526.28; -laeccan 162.4 (lashte 28.7); 
 (6) laecung 488.9 ; laedan 560.26; laefan 478.12; laemen 554-33; -laenan 
 274.2; Iseran 6.21; -laes 8.1 1 ; laesew (?) 242.15 ; laessa 140.6 ; -hest 506. 
 12; -laestan 264.2; Iseswian (?) 242.18; laewed 94-34; maenan 186.5; 
 (ge)maene 64.32 ; niaest 250.27 ; -pscan (?) 4.4; -pa;ran 216.9; -raecan 
 88.9; -raeran 16.18; sae 14.28; -saegednys 358.18; -saew^ 492-14; 
 -scaet 128.2; -spnedan 536.18; stenan 46.35 ; staenen 364.21 ; swaetan 
 414.12; taecan 6.21; -twseman 38-35; ^sera (gen. pi.) 342.31; ^aere 
 (gen. sing, fetn.) 342.35 ; S^aire (dat. sing, fern.) 346.25 ; -waecan 408.21 ; 
 -waefan 34.28 ; wasfels 62.29; -waegan 112.6; -waehte 488.35.* 
 
 2. Germ e, WG. d, WS. d :— asfen 100.6; tefnung 452.4; aemtig 204.11 ; 
 aerend-26.5; aes216.11; aet 66.9; aea^m 616.24; baedon 434.26; baer 
 372.6; -brascon 450.14; braeS^ 222.4; cwaedon 322.18; -cwaele 58.30; 
 -dwaes 100.30; faerlic 30.22; graedelice 66.10; graedig 572.18 ; haer 236.22 ; 
 haere 246.19; -hwaer 2.5; laetan 20.18; maeg 318.7; maeglic 58.4; 
 rasd 10.27; geraede 210.15; -raednys 368.13; sael 62.24; -saete 484.15; 
 saeton 412.2; slaep (but cf. Cosijn, p. 82, 1. 3)60.19; sprccc 2.7 ; spraicon 
 314.18; -staele 220.8 ; swaer(?) 54.33 ; (ge)swa5S 70.34 ; swaesnys 492.29; 
 -t£eron 524.29; -trasdon 544.28; S^aer 12.5; waedla 62.21; wcedlian 
 62.28: waeron 286.6; waet 64.9.! 
 
 3. Lat. a, WG. d, WS. ^:— straet 60.21. 
 
 4. The i- umlaut of WS. d, WG. <i:— braedan 430.16; daed 4.13 ; 
 -draedan 56.23; -faeran 106.30 ; laece6o.34; -laewan 26.25 ; m£eg^24.i6; 
 -mtfnan 560. 24, maere 12.19 ; ormaete 6.2 ; mae9^ 140-30 ; raesan 376.34 ; 
 saed 98.2 ; -saelig 422.3 ; -ssel^2o.2; -staelan 612.24 ; taelan 48.23; -taele 
 ii2.i9(ael)taewe 250.20; -3^wa}r(l<z"can) 70.34 ; -ge^rwaernys 38.14 ; waed 
 428.5; (ge)wsede 398.31 ; waepmann 148.14 ; -waepnian 72.23. t 
 
 5. The z-umlaut of WS. d, WG. d before a nasal : naeman 
 
 216.17. 
 
 6. The representative of WS. e, z-umlaut of WG. (5:— fraecednys 
 240.34; -swseled 86.5. 
 
 7. Thez-umlautof WG. a before *ddj, (cf. Kluge, s. v. Ei): — 
 
 ^g 300.5.** 
 
 8. The contraction of ^-f-^:— naefre 4.1; naere 432.3; naeron 
 404.22. 
 
 9. Lengthened from WS. cz, WG. a, with ecthlipsis of g:— 
 -braed 122.31 ; maeden 24.30; -saed 30.33; saedon 30.35. 
 
 *An inorganic : is sometimes developed between this le and the following consonant : 
 caig 368.35; scEtfJ 93.2. 
 
 fAn inorganic i is sometimes developed between this ^ and the following consonant : 
 maiglic 404.1. 
 
 I An inorganic i appears in miei^ 368.9. **An inorganic 1 is found in (Eigi$o.\\.
 
 8 FRANK FISCHER. 
 
 lo. Due to secondary lengthening of WS. (Z'.WG. a : — bsernan 
 372.29; -braec 186.27; -daeg 56.30; daeg- 480.32; -faerran 102.24; fet 
 510. 1 ; gaers 182.15; haefen 582.29; hwael 246.12; -maestan 522.26; 
 saet 182.2. 
 
 THE VOWEL e. 
 
 1. WG. e, VVS. e:—he 8.11; (ge)bed 44.17; -belh 96.6; bera 24.4; 
 beran 10.22; -brecan 14.13; -cweden 244.16; cwelan 72.15; cwest 
 378.9; cwe3'an 72.15; (ge)delf 562.14; -gedelf 560.32; delfan 74.24; 
 -etan 14.2 ; -efenlaecan 44.1 ; efne 30,18 ; emn 30.16 ; euen 32.6 ; fela 4.3 ; 
 feld 6.12; fell 18.19; -freten 616.24; helm 162.14; helpan 180. 11 ; 
 -hvvega 348.32 ; leger- 472.25 ; medemlan 32.7; melda 46.24; (hu)meta 
 388.2; -meten 614.28; Metod 598.35; ne 2. 11; nest 160.34; plega 
 66.12; plegian 4S0.30 ; seld- 106.27; setl 48.29; (ge)sevvenlice 4.16; 
 smedma 188.7; bismer 226.28; (god)spellic 2.12; -spendan 254.21; 
 spare 146.12; -spreca 90.17; sprecan 66.15; stemn 6.32; -swefian 14.20 
 swefn 78.32; -swelgan 534.16; -swelle 22.22; svveltan 14.13; teld- 
 392.21; -tredan 188.25; 3regen2.5; 2^63310.23; -weder 526.31 ; -wefcn 
 352.5; weg 46.10; -wegan 8.25; wel 4.33; weleras 568.33; -welgian 
 550.12; welig 64.15; wer 14.25; wered 508.34; werod 10.21; wesan 
 50.6; west 130.14; wrecan 114.4; -wrecen 332.34.* 
 
 2. The i- umlaut of WS. a or g, WG. a : — (ge)b^da 92.21 ; b^d- 
 126.6; bgnd 212.31 ; bgndan 502.15 ; b^ren 182.12 ; b^rn 526.28; b^^tera 
 10.32; b^trung 350.19; bgtsta 142.16; b^^rian 86.23; bl^ndan 132.12; 
 -canned 10.8 ; c^mpa 56.30 ; -cwgccan 88.10 ; cwdlan 22.9 ; d^ne 360.33 ; 
 dman 16.25; -drgcced-4.1 ; dr^hton 86.18; drgnc 72.11; drgncan 22.6 ; 
 dwdian 52.15 ; ece 418.22 ; ^cg 420.18 ; -£Cged 92.34 ; eft 8.2 ; ^ge 22.17 ; 
 ggeslice 86.7; eg\e 390.15; dcian 248.27; glles 76.19; £nde 2.19, 
 ^ndemes 70.26 ; -gndian 16.17 ; £"gel 10.3 ; Englisc 2.7 ; ^nt 22.31 ; ^rce- 
 416.29; grian 464.25; andgttan 30.9 ; fgccan 64.3; -%ng 100.3: %rcian 
 488.33; fgrian 66.14; -fgtian 248.24; -frgmedlice 10.2; frgmming 8.7; 
 (big)g£ng 72.4; ggnga 2.19; -gk'ddian 100.21; -glgngan 26.19; grgmian 
 20.24; -hgbban6.32; hgfe 102.33; upahgfednes 12.22 ; hgfig-56.4; hgll 
 4.14; (ge)hgnde 88.23; hgngen 26.34; here 78,15; hgrgung 228.17; 
 hgrian 30.23; hgte- 88.10; hn£sce 602.12; hrgddan 192.22; hrgmman 
 592.7; hrgppan 458.17; hrgpian 14.1 ; hwtrnme 130.21 ; hwgttan 26.31 ; 
 -Igcgan 58.2S; kncten- 98.21; knden 114. 16; Igng 374.3; -Igngan 
 100.21; Igttan 3S2.18; mgngan 40.28; me'nig 12.18; mgnigu 30.23; 
 mgnn 2.17 ; mgnnisc- 26.3 ; mgregrot (?) 596.8 ; mgte 76.17 ; formgtte (?) 
 254.30; ngb 262.10; ngbbian 256.10; ngmnan 26.6; -ngmnian 96.30; 
 -ngrian 218.12; ngt 394.7; P£ning 182.9; rgccan 28.24 (rghte 342.16). 
 rgst 618.32; rgstan 104.22; scgncan 336.3; -scgndan 388.3; -scr^ncan 
 198.22; sgcgan 14.9; sggen 152.31; sgncan 28.14; -sgncian 256.20; 
 S£ndan22.2;; (ge)sgtnys 2.16; sgttan 12.31 ; slgge 26.32 ; -slggen 488.15 ; 
 smgrcian 430.33; sprgngan 466.26; stgde 14.11; stgnc 68.7; stgncan 
 36.15; stgng 428.6 ; stgnt 218.1 ; -staitest 6.24; strgc 360.1 ; str^can-358. 
 26;str£ccan 252.7 ; strgncS^u 44.21 ; strfngra 250.18; strgngS^ 538.20; 
 -swgncan 86.13; svvman 426.6; getd (?) 32.26 ; tdlan 100.13 ; -tgmian 
 
 ♦Between this e and a foUowiog ^ an inorganic i is found in wezg- 108.32.
 
 STRESSED VOWELS OF CLERICS HOMILIES. 9 
 
 208.20; -tnidan 240.25; tgngan 72.18; trgndel 282.9 ; tvv^l<"26.4; 
 (5"^cen 126.30 ; Sr^ncan 12.28 ; -^t-nnan 372.19 ; -w^bb 62.26 ; wgcg 60.29 ; 
 w^'dd 22.13 ; -w^mman 212.3 ; w^ndan 2.14 ; (hfir)w£nge 376.13 ; wgrian 
 568.11; wrgccan 60.19; (lot)vvrf nee 192.9.* 
 
 3. The representative of WS. xV, the i-umlaut of ea:— 
 cw^lm- 72.11 ; fltsta24.7; g^rela 296.4; ggst-30.14; -wglm 382.13. 
 
 4. The representative of WS. ie, the j-umlaut of eo :— 
 ymesene (Cf. 'Phil. See. Eng. Diet.', s. v. bisson) 418.22. 
 
 5. WS. e, z-uMLAUT OF WG. o.-— dghter 436.20; ^fstan ; 162.18 
 fie (from Lat. o) 58.25; mgrigen 100.6. 
 
 6. The REPRESENTATIVE OF WS. eO, THE O-UMLAUT OF WG. i\ — 
 
 tela 56.9. 
 
 7. The REPRESENTATIVE OF WS. ea, the w-umlaut of WG. a : — 
 merwan 602.13. 
 
 8. The palatal umlaut of WS. ea, the breaking of WS. a, 
 WG. a :— ehta 90.12 ; -ehtatig 134.18 ; exlum 340. 2; fex 236.31 ; -fexede 
 456.16; geseh 216.13; sex 98.10; -wexen 506.23 ; wext 490.6. 
 
 9. The representative of WS. y, the z-umlaut of WG. « :— 
 embe 36.10; -ren 102.27. 
 
 10. The representative of WS. ea, the breaking of WG. a 
 IN unstressed syllables : — andwerd 82.34 ; toward 498.27. 
 
 11. The representative of WS. <?, WG. a : hwe^ere 10.4. 
 
 12. The contraction of e -\- i : — nele 408.21 ; Hellas' 266.26 ; nelle 
 532.7; nelt 428.25. 
 
 13. The result of contraction in the preterits of certain 
 
 REDUPLICATING verbs: feng 286.5 ; -fengon 316.2 ; -hencg 524.35 ; 
 
 -hengon 168.9. 
 
 14. Goth, a: — ge 18.4; se 2.19. ^ 
 
 15. Shortened from WS. e, z-umlaut of WG. d :— gebletsian 92.6 ; 
 bletsung 44.17; d^gred 508.32. 
 
 16. Foreign: — cherubim 10.14; Ebreisc 24.11; Egyptisc 318.29; 
 Leden2.i3; Perscisc 518.17 ; regol 372.31; seraphim 10.14; tempel 
 70.30; tempi 168.36; getemprian 360.12. 
 
 THE VOWEL e. 
 
 1. Germ, e, OHG. ea, ia: — her 170.36; het 376.10; let 276.5; leton 
 392.4; med56.5; slep 246.3. 
 
 2, WS. ^, /-UMLAUT ofWG. ^: — bee 68.11; begen 74-6; ben 2.5; 
 -beta 342.12; betan 68.17; bredan 250.24; -bregan 578*27; brembel 
 18.17; breaker 54.20; celing 430.13; cene 232.29; cweman 20.31; 
 cwen 200.13; {ge)defe 550.20; dema 48.29; deS^ 160.10; -drefan66.4; 
 e?el 78.31; fedan 24.17; -fegan 62.7; felnys 302.15; (ge)fera 10.34; 
 feran 22.25; ^^t 212.19; flew? 448.2; (up)flering 296.9; frecednys 
 2.18; -fredan 88.8; freferian 28.5; gled 430.4; grene 64.1; gretan 
 24.24; hedan 330.31; hrefan 20.32; hwene 358.24; alefed 236.29 
 meder 308.29; metan 30.21; meting 186.6 ; (ofer)mettu 12.5 ; recel^as 
 320.18; recels 78.28; reSe 78.30; rewut 162.10; seean 42.27 ; -sme3'ian 
 360.34; sme3"nys 26.11; sped 56.15; steda 210.14; sweg 312.12; 
 
 ♦An inorganic i is developed between this e and a following g in seig^ 200.33.
 
 lO FRANK FISCHER. 
 
 swegan 104.22 ; swete 442.2; twegen 306.35 ; tvventig 298.18 ; wedan 
 50.18; -weman260.il; wen 92.30; wena 358.1; wepan 68.1; werig- 
 490.7; westen 46.17; wregan 80.6. 
 
 3. WS. e, Z-UMLAUT OF 6, WHOSE LENGTH IS DUE TO THE LOSS OF 
 
 A FOLLOWING NASAL: — ehtan 324.2; ehtnys 4.34; estful 34.7; feh^ 
 204.15 ; fe3"e (Cosijn, § i6) 336.9; gerefa (Cosijn, § 16) 72.18 ; -seSfan 
 336.27; sea'ung 558.16; te^ 46.27. 
 
 4. The REPRESENTATIVE OF WS. /<?, THE /-UMLAUT OF itt : — cepan 
 56.3; -dreme 38.7 ; hreman 60.30; aleua^ 4.22 ; -nedan 18.28 ; steman 
 444.11. 
 
 5. The palatal umlaut of VVS. ^a : — eh- 584.28; he.xta 198.14; 
 neh-340. 8; nexta 24.21. 
 
 6. The representative of WS. <^: — breS^e 442.2; -cred 74.21; 
 -dredan 30.18 ; emtig 440.16 ; hete 338.19 ; sel 250.36. 
 
 7. The representative of a WS ea, which arises from the 
 influence of a preceding palatal upon WG. d: — seep 36.15. 
 
 8. The representative of WS. ea, WG. an: — ela 136.28. 
 
 9. The z-umlaut of WG. a : — ece (Goth, ajuk-, Cosijn, § 12) 4.12. 
 
 10. The contraction of ^ + e: — ten (Sievers-Cook, § 113) 348.3. 
 
 11. Lengthened from WS. e, with ecthlipsis of the follow- 
 ing ^: bredan 360.14; -led 30.22; -lede 30.13; ren 22.2; S'en 
 
 308.20; 3'enian 270.30 ; S'enig- 58.10; 3^enung 58.20. 
 
 12. The RESULT OF secondary lengthening of WS. e: bed 
 
 262.23; bend 606.16; onet 592.17; -ferod 496.23; ge 18.3; he 4.26; 
 hefe 286.12; hefig- 524.17; -hendor 106.20; hengen 542.28; -hengon 
 462.11; herian44.2; -herod 356.5; herung 212.31; herunga 584.14; 
 leng 534.18; me 2.6; -stent 288.21 ; ^e 12.35; we 8.6 ; aweg 414.25; 
 wel 104.23; -wend 128.8. 
 
 13. Foreign :—creda 48.28; fefor 128.13; Grecisc 50.11; Medas 
 454.12. 
 
 THE VOWEL /. 
 
 I. WG. i, WS. i\ — biddan 8.9; bifian 228.13 ; bigspell 212.6; bile- 
 2.10; bindan 212.14; bist 576.7; bita 182.10; biternys 306.5 ; gebitt 
 126.20; bi^ 266.4; blind 18.5; -blinnan 68.7; brice 62.9; brid 
 140.15; -bringan 8.13; cild 20.17; clifian 380.25; cliS^e 476.1; 
 dimlic 604.1; disc- 572.9; -drifen 220.17; drincan 72.14; -dwinon 
 378.1; findan 194.14; finger 358.8; fisc 16.8 (fixas, 82.13) ; fi^^er- 380.29 , 
 flint 92.34; -flitt 180.1; frigne 18.29; gif 4.8; angin 8.19; -ginnan 
 98.26 ; glida (?) 586.6 ; grindan 488.25 ; -gripen 470.5 ; -gripon 414.11 ; 
 him 2.5; hindan 506.1 ; hinder 172.35 ; hine 332.31 ; his 2.5 ; hit 4.4 ; 
 -bring 474.8; hriS'ian 86.7; hwider 434.7; h wile (?) 288.15 ; ic 2.1; 
 ine 316.33; inn 20.33; -innian 12.24; inno^ 20.18; is 2.4; -liceian 
 330.22; licgan 42.26; lifigan76.4; (be)lifon 108.11 ; (for)ligere 20.23 ; 
 lim 84.18; -limpan 104.2; mieel 2.10; mid 6.4; middan 4.1; mild 
 36.20; milts 566.14; miltsian 18.35; miltsung 68.12; mislie 20.23; 
 nigon 10.14; genip 504.30; niS^er 56.32 ; pricu 102.29; rib 14.21 ; -rifod 
 614.14; rinde 236.18; gerip 184.31; gerisan (Cosijn, p. 52) 418.8; 
 -rison 74.3; riare 444.10; scip 244.28; scrift 164.27; seripp 394.7; 
 sibb 30.26; side- 596.31; sige 50.4; -sigen 456-20; -sigon 414.10;
 
 STRESSED VOIVELS OF CLERICS HOMILIES. 1 1 
 
 sigor 594.20 ; sinile 56.19; sincl 2.5; singallice 86.11; singan 30.24; 
 .siiLscype 148.7; sittan 10.25; -sliclen 492.11; -smiten 558.30; smi3" 
 64.6; -sniden 90.13; -snidon 92.26; -.spring 1S.26; -sticce 362.28; 
 stician 216.12; sticis 474.12; sticol 162,23; -stigen 596.10; -stigon 
 296.9; stihtan 112.30; stillan 26.9; stille 156. 11; -suicen 24.24; 
 swician 316.27 ; -swicon 304.30; -swine 8.24 ; -swindan 266.3 > svvingan 
 424.12; swingle 472.12; swipe 406.7; tidder 256.2; tilian 18.15; 
 tilling 474.21; -timber 2.15; -timbrung 22.25; intinga 84.2; tintreg 
 94.6; twig 90.3; ^icgean 168.31; 5ider 504.6; ^igen 118.25; ^i'lg 
 8.9; ^is 102.25 ; ^isre 348.22; ^isra 384.4 ; ^issere4.ii; r^ridda 28.4 ; 
 ^riwa 66.24; widewe 148.10; wilde 208.22; vvilige 182.22 ; willan 6.27 ; 
 willaio.i; wind 26.10; windan 66.24; winnan 164.21; winter 24.18; 
 gewiss 96.3 ; gewissian 52.15 ; edwist 56.16; wiste402.11; -wita44.26; 
 wite6.i9; -gewiten 604.8 ; witon 286.15; -witt 26.14; wifir 6.35 ; wi^er- 
 12.22; wi(^r5^a 594.30; wlite 46.5; wlitig 10.16; -wrigen- 60.1; -writ 
 2.12; -writen 282.17; -writon 598.22; wri^fa 568.33; -wrigen 456.9; 
 -wriS^ian 446.1 ; -wriS^on 596.22. 
 
 2. The REPRESENTATIVE OF WS. y, THE /-UMLAUT OF WG. U: — 
 
 bicgan 182.6; -dhW'igun 516.20; -cnittan 476.5; Drihten2.i9; filian 
 10.20; fliht572.9; frim3' 172.24; hig-482.10; hiht 24.2 ; hingrian 166.1 ; 
 hricg 286.24; Jifs 550.28; -mindig 354.30; -nihtsumian 124.15; sin- 
 derlice 96.21 ; sticce 380.24 ; stic- 108.19; tihtan 70.35 ; -tingnys 26.12 ; 
 trimming 448.9; 3^illic 406.21; (Jincan 96.1; -d'lncdxi 82.1; -S'riccan 
 494.5; -(Tricced- 608.20 ; ^rim- 112. 10. 
 
 3. WG. e BEEORE A NASAL, WS. i : — niman 26.29. 
 
 4. The REPRESENTATIVE OF WS. ie, X-UMLANT OF ea, THE BREAK- 
 ING OF WG. a : — hlihgan 180.14; -sliht 482.33 ; -slih3^ 240.27. 
 
 5. The REPRESENTATIVE OF WS. if, THE /-UMLAUT OF CO : — gingra 
 420.28; hire (gsf.) (?) 316.30; hire (dsf.) (?) 276.12 ; -sihst 286.23 ; -sih3^ 
 4.26. 
 
 6. The REPRESENTATIVE OF WS. io, THE t'-UMLAUT OF WG./: — 
 
 ^lisne 352.22. 
 
 7. The REPRESENTATIVE OF WS. tO, THE tt-UMLAUT OF WS. /, WG. 
 e FOLLOWED BY A NASAL : — sinU 236. 21. 
 
 8. The representative of WS. to, the «-umlaut of WG. /: — 
 -nipu 614.29; sindon 446.7 ; 3'isum (ds.) 328.18; 3^isum (dpi.) 356.5. 
 
 9. The representative of WS. ie, palatal umlaut of ea, 
 the breaking of WG. a before h-\-A consonant: — miht 6.17; 
 mihte 384.1; -mihtig 4.5 ; niht 36.28. 
 
 10. The representative of WS. ie, palatal umlaut of eo, the 
 breaking ofWG. ^: — cniht 62.17; -nihtan 8.13; silf (Cf. Sievers- 
 CooK, § 101, N. 2) 578.17; six 14.29; sixta 44.15. 
 
 11. The representative of WS. ie, developed from WG. e 
 
 through THE influence of A PRECEDING PALATAL :—gifan 32.35; 
 
 gife 34-27; -gifen 472.25; gifu 2.6; -gild 474-33; g'lp 124.4; -giltan 
 180.26; andgit (?) 86.26; -gitan 140.31; -giten 540.19; -scirian 124.6. 
 
 12. WG. a, WS. /: — swilc (Goth, swaleiks) 2.2. 
 
 13. Shortened from WG. i, generally with gemination of 
 
 THE following CONSONANT OR WITH ASSIMILATION OF THE TWO
 
 1 2 FRA NK FISCHER . 
 
 FOLLOWING consonants: — bliss 36.5; liccetere 120.2; liss 330.30; 
 riccetere 128.22; riccra 130.33; (bed)rida 472.24; riftere (?) 570.33 ; 
 siccetung 86.8; si3^i5'an 4.13; ^rittig 20.9; wicce- 474.22; wimman 
 
 40.35- 
 
 14. The contraction of e-\-i: — binnan 22.6. 
 
 15. After the analogy of the past participles of verbs of 
 THE First Ablaut Class : frinen 426.3. 
 
 16. Foreign: — bibliotheca 436.13 ; binn (?) 30.31 ; biscop 2.3 ; Crist 
 4.3; Antecrist 4.21 ; diaconas 44.8 ; discipul 6.20 ; diht 40.33 ; gedihte 
 16.3; gimni (Lat. e, followed by nasal) 450.21; Indisc 456.14; lilie 
 444.11; pistol 436.4. 
 
 17. Of UNKNOWN origin : — ablicged 314.16 ; begriwen 384.25. 
 
 THE VOWEL /. 
 
 1. WG. i, WS. f: bidan 6.20; -bidian 42.18; bitan 46.27; bViSe 
 
 136.11; bridel 568.33; cidan 96.1; c\d (Cosijn, § 67) 100.16; drifan 
 268.26; -dwinan 592.12 ; frige-(?) 216.21 ; gitsian 68.26; gitsung 360.6; 
 glig484.3; -gripan 358.26 ; hired62.i9; hiwan432.2S; hlisa (Cosijn, § 
 71) 356-33; -hnigan 428.8; hwil 2.1; hwit 88.34; idel 320.26; isen 
 146.11; lie 60.15; lichama 4.25 ; lician 104.23; lif 8.7 ; mil 42.35; min 
 4.2; 111^^54.13; rice 6.4; ricetere 82.21; ridan 210.27; gerim 98.24; 
 -rima 442.35; -ripian (?) 84.5 ; -risan 20.6; ri.xian 28.19; scinan 62.30; 
 scir 82.11; sicetung 614.15; sid 456.18; side 14.21; -sigan 246.17; 
 si^an(?)i46.i2 ; -slidan 170.18; -slitan 132.17 ; -smitan 124.31 ; -stifian (?) 
 598.11 ; -stigan 22.20 ; -swic 6.32 ; -swican 16.22 ; swig- 218.31 ; tid 32.13 ; 
 tima 2.17; -timian 10.32; ^ihan 16.14; ^i" i4-6 ; 'Trim 324.17; 3"ritig 
 20.32; wic 402.21; wica 242.13; wician 30.10; wid 20.32; wif 14.21; 
 win 26.9; wipian 426.30; wis 2.10; wise 176.3; edwit 162.12; -witan 
 56.31; wite 12.3; witega 96.27; -witegode 50.13; witegung 80.18; 
 -wrih? 364.27 ; -writan 8.10; -wri^an 208.3. 
 
 2. Lengthened FROM WG. z with ecthlipsis a)OF^: — frinan 
 78.5; -lire 526.26; 113^ 116.35; sil- 454.11; ti3' 384.19; -tif^'ian 76.22; 
 ^■inen 200.14. b) of ;« : — fif 182.16; fiftig 20.32. c)of«: — li^'e 210.18; 
 liS'nys 320.10; midl 360.19; gesi^um 416.3; -si? 58.29; si3'ian 298.30; 
 sti? 46.23; swi3'2.i7. 
 
 3. The representative of WS. ie, the z-umlaut of ea: — 
 -bicnian 106.27; -bigan 170.23; bigels 170.23; cigan 30.7; digelian 
 34.14; digellice 4.25 ; -flian 466.3 ; -fligan 64.22 ; gime- 164.26; gimen 
 346.8; igeo? 58.29; -ihte 32.25; -iwan (?) 220.20 ; lig 68.5 ; liget 222.31 ; 
 -lipig 34.4; -tigan 206.10; tige 248.21. 
 
 4. The representive of WS. ie, the z-umlaut of eo: drihS" 
 
 102.15; -flig3^6o6.6; flih? 306. 10 ; lihst 378.7; lihtan 36.30; smic592.11; 
 tihst 434.7 ; -tihst 180.12 ; -tih?' 514.21. 
 
 5. The representative of WS. ie, the z-umlaut of io before 
 w: — hiw 20.34; -hiwian6.i8; hiwisc 310.27 ; hiwung 250.21 ; niw 36.23 ; 
 niwelnys 8.24; ?iwan 378.2. 
 
 6. The representative of WS. y, the z-umlaut of WG. H : — 
 -bisnung 120.28; brice 140.27; bric3' 52.4; drie 24.17; bin? 340.33; 
 -ligenod 54.1 ; -sihton 84.16; S^rih 222.12.
 
 STRESSED VOWELS OF ALLFRICS HOMILIES. 13 
 
 7. The representative of WS. jj/, the /-umlaut of {i from WG. 
 tin: — ci^^hi 396.25 ; wiscan 594.20 ; gewi.scendlice 258.24. 
 
 8. The representative ok VVS. y, the /-umlaut of WG. n, the 
 length being due to the loss of a following ,^: — ingehid 530.7. 
 
 9. W.S. in : — fir (CosijN, § 107), 132.25. 
 
 TO. The representative OF WS. ze", the contraction of / + f : — 
 hi (npl.) 4.33 ; hi (asf.) 458.16. 
 
 11. The contraction OF /+« (CosijN, § 40) : — hwi 320.2 ; 3^i226.io; 
 forS'i 312.27. 
 
 12. The result of secondary lengthening of i: — bigspell 
 342.16; bigwist 358.23; -bitene 242.10; -biton 244.17; -blin 434.13; 
 -cinan336.9; -dvvimor 86. 18 ; -gif(WS. 7>) 596.17 ; -gifen (WS. zV) 498.24 ; 
 hine 26.22; hlid 222.8; -ligre 240.25; scip 268.25; sigrian 424.33; 
 stincan 86.13 ; wiglung 476.4. 
 
 13. Latin oe before a nasal (pronounced c) : — pinung 160.17. 
 
 THE VOWEL (?. 
 
 1. WG. o, WS. o : — (be)bod 6.34 ; -boden 596.22 ; bodig 366.27 ; boga 
 212.33; -bogen 434.25; -boht 582.27; -bohte 374.4; -bolgen 420.1; 
 -bora 330.27 ; -bord 246.2 ; -boren 278.8 ; -borgen 56.18 ; -borsten 86.5 ; 
 botl 244.18; broc 536.1; -brocen 268.25 ; -brocod 464.6 ; brosnung98.9 ; 
 -browen 352.7 ; cnoll 502.13 ; -cora 332.19 ; -coren 324.20 ; -corfen 420.5 ; 
 corn 184.32 ; coss 566.19; cossian 566.19; -costnian 166.8; costnung 
 4.7 ; -cropen 400.7 ; dohtor 20.8 ; dolh 234.25 ; dorste 316.33 ; drohlnung 
 126.2; dropa 296.28; dwollic 602.35; -dwolmann 16.19; flocc- 142.9; 
 fola 216. 11; folc 6.33; folgian 52.6; for 20.10; -foran 20.26; -fored 
 (CosijN, § 42) 260.29; forhtian 52.15; forma 44.11; forst 84.15; for^ 
 16.4; God 2.6; gpde- 62.26; gold 6.2; -golden 332.4; goretende 
 530-31; -goten- 594.17; hogian 56.23; hoi 160.33; hold 170.9; holt 
 384.9; hopa 350.24; hopian 250.25 ; hoppian 202.18; hoppystre 484.3; 
 hord 62.4; hosp 56.11; horig 472.16; horn 522.25; hors 432.33; 
 (on)hrop 248.32; -hroren 492.33; -hworfen 590.24; loc 572.27; locc 
 566.25; -locen 272.17 ; loddere 256.8 ; lof 10,17; -logen 316.27; -loren 
 340.13; losian (CosijN, § 42) 92.2; -loten 276.5; lot- 192.9; mold- 
 492.33; -molsnian 218.25 ; -molten 488.7 ; nor^ 10.25; ofer- 12.4; ofet 
 352.7 ; ofost 380.14; oft 74.28 ; olfend (CosijN, § 42) 330.2 ; open- 4.25 ; 
 orf; or5'4.29; orS'ian 86.8 ; o^'^e 6.35 ; oxa 42.25 ; rodor- 308.3 ; rotian 
 116. 7 ; -scofen 332.26 ; scop (CosijN,§42) 118. i; -scoren 448.29 ; scorian 
 114. 12; scort 218.19; scortlice 202.29; -scoten 502.28; -slopen 86.25; 
 snotor 2.14; -soden 84.15; -solcen 306.11; -sorgian 50.25; sorh 
 52.18; store 404.25; storm 526.31; -swollen 86.ir ; -sworcennys 
 428.30; -svvoren 132.24; -toga 78.15; -togen 266.4; toll 510.28; tolMre 
 324.3; -toren 542.20; -torfian 42.1 ; torr(CosijN, §42) 380.8; gea'ofta 
 46.12; ge^^oftraeden 90.18; ^Tolian 140.32; ^orfte 18.23; S^orn 18.16; 
 ^■oterung 68.7 ; ^rosm 332.17; wolcen 22.11; wolde 320.7 ; word 18.14; 
 -worden 432.5 ; -worpen- 330.9. 
 
 2. WG. u, WS. o :— orw^ne 86.28. 
 
 3. WG. a, before a nasal, WS. g :— lichomlice 142.7 ; dasghwom- 
 lice 408.6; on 2.2; onettan 384.14; ungesome 478.25; 3^one (but cf.
 
 14 FRANK FISCHER. 
 
 SiEVERS-CooK, §65, N. 2)352.15; for3'on(but cf. Siev^ers-Cook, §65, 
 N. 2) 172.18; '?onne 2.2; womm 256.31. 
 
 4. WG. a, WS. o: — nosu 456.8; of 2.7. 
 
 5. The result op the influence of a preceding m on WS. eo, 
 
 THE 7^-UMLAUT OR THE BREAKING OF WG. € : WOrht 360.8 ; WOruId 
 
 2.18. 
 
 6. Shortened from WS. 6, WG. 6, with gemination of fol- 
 lowing CONSONANT : — Hioddrie 58.3. 
 
 7. The CONTRACTION OF ^ -f- ^ : — nolde 320.9. 
 
 8. After the analogy of the past participles of the Second 
 Ablaut Class of verbs : 5'ogen 448.34; -^wogen (?) 472.5. 
 
 9. Foreign: — coccel 526.21; forca 430.11; offrian 22.33; offring- 
 218.9; port- 490.29; portic 508.10; potian 522.25. 
 
 THE VOWEL 6. 
 
 1. WG. 6, WS. 6 : — bled 6.27 ; blostma 84.13 ; blowan 64.15 ; boc 2.7 ; 
 bog 236.19; bosm84.9; bot268.2i; -brc'^ru 32.5; dom 2.10; don 12.13 ; 
 flod 20.36; -flor 314.5; -flowend- 334.30 ; foda 42.27; -gefoh 408.16; 
 foster- 30.6 ; fostor 20.34 ; fot 16.6; frofor 14.19; glowan 424.35; god 
 U4-33 (good 2.5, g6od 144.28, go6d 238.16); gegodian 266.7; -grof 
 466.13; growan 304.26; hlowan 590.15; hoc 362.27; -hofian 2.17; 
 -hofon 596.21 ; hrof 22.20 ; hwon 86.18 ; nateshwon 78.14 ; hwonlic 38.6 ; 
 locian 152.22; -logian 12.33; gelome 36.16; mod 2.6; modignys 12.28; 
 modor 20.18; moste 268.32 ; mot 260.23; gemot 290.12; moton 350.1; 
 genoh 18.2; oga 222.32 ; rod 26.34 ; rohte 162. i ; rot 268.27; -unrotsian 
 142.20; rowan 182.32; -5000574.15; -slogon 290.30 ; -sloh 404.11; -soc 
 390.21; -socon 386.34; sohte 338.31; stod 86.13; stodon 296.3; -stop 
 360.35; stow 42.35; swor 452.3 ; to 2.4;3^rowian 26.28; 5^woh 418.21; 
 wod 26.13; wop 60.15; worian 148.3. 
 
 2. WG. d before a nasal, WS. 6\ — oom 290.19; oomon 290.16; 
 gedon 324.12; mona 14.27; mona^ 98.35 ; sona 12.3. 
 
 3. The contraction of 6^ k following vowel: — doS^ 464.15; 
 -fo 72.17; -fon 34.31 ; -fo^ 294.26; -Hon 162.13; scos 456.21. 
 
 4. Lengthened from WS. o, WG. a, with loss of the follow- 
 ing nasal: — brohte 230.20; co3' 466.16; -foh 426.16; ol^cung 488.9; 
 0^4.9; o3'er6.35; softe 164.2; softnys 270.5; so^ 4.15; to^ 126.20; 
 ge^^oht 96.20 ; (5>ohte 82.12 ; woh 8.15. 
 
 5. Lengthened from o, with ecthlipsis of following g: — 
 broden 300.17. 
 
 6. Ths result of secondary lengthening of o : — ^bebod 14.12 ; 
 -goten 554.28; hoga 132.13; hogian 38.32; hopian 256.25; hord 78.27; 
 horig 456.20; lof 364.8 ; ofet 546.5; ofne 544.6; on 614.16; or- 52.18; 
 wolcen 22.11 ; word 30.35; -worpen- 130.29. 
 
 7. Foreign: — non 108.18; Romanise 318.29; rose 64.14; see! 440.8. 
 
 THE VOWEL u. 
 
 I. WG. 7/, WS. u: — blunnen 544.9; budon 450.6; bugon 316.2; 
 -bunden 364.24; -bundon 594.31; burh 22.19; burston 108.20; crume 
 330.28; -cund 348.7 ; cunne6.i9; cunnon 154.15; -curfe 92.34; -curon 
 434.30; cuwon 404.5; -drugon 340.28 ; drunce 72.11 ; -druncen 590.30;
 
 STRESSED VOWELS OF CLERICS HOMILIES. 15 
 
 dugii^ 160.15; dumb 26.12; durre 508,32; duru 64.31 ; -flugon 54^.29; 
 -fruma 8.20; fultuni 4.8; funde 414.20; -funden 340.5; grund- 72.5; 
 -gunnen 270.18; -gunnon 314-10; -gute 420.1; hund 20.31; hunger 
 58.30; hunta 576.14; huntian 576.25; iugo^ 322.33; -lugon 44.26; 
 -lumpen 316.31 ; -lumpen 352.24; -luron 360.28; lust5S.i7; -luton 
 538.18; niund- 330.27; -munde 42.24; pluccian 2f2.35 ; -runnen 40.29; 
 scrutnian 582.26; scuton 404.4; -scufon 402.17 ; -sprungon 610.12 ; 
 ■stunt 96.11; sum 2.4; sumerlic 98.22 ; sund 16.7; -sundron 152.3; 
 -sungen 56.27; -sungon 582.32; sunne 14-27; sunu 10.10; swulton 
 404.2; swunce 102.18; swunge 384.6; -swungen 392.3 ; -trum 4.21; 
 -truma 442.34 ; wyrtruma 132.7; trumnj-s 52.13 ; tugon 246.11 ; tunge 
 S.i; tungol 64.30; turnian (?) 51423; -(Junden 330.20 ;-rTungen 344.12 ; 
 (Turfon 138.21 ; ?urh 2.4 ; ^urstig 582.25; (Tus 78.19; under 2.16; 
 undern 74.21; ungel (?) 522.35; unne 506.27 ; -unnen 366.16 ; -unnon 
 370.8; upp 246.5; urnon 470.7; wuldor 32.26; wund 50.26; -wunden 
 340.1 ; -wundon 84.32; wundor 4.31 ; -wunnen 354. 8 ; -wunnon 218.17 •: 
 wurdon 316.18; vvurm 102.6; wurpon 246.2. 
 
 2. WG. o, WS. ?<:— bucca (Cosijn, §47) 59°- 15; cnucian 248.31; 
 fugel 14.28; full 34.7; fur^on 52.34; furfur 360.29 ; hulc 336.10; lufian 
 10.20; murcnian 140.19; must 314-21; pu.sa 254.31; spurnan 116.20; 
 ufan 6.7 ; -uferian 80.28; ufor 70,35 ; wulf 36.15. 
 
 3. WG. o BEFARE NASALS, VVS. u: cuman 2.19; guma 200.21; 
 
 -hunig 352.7 ; -numa 32.34 ; -numen 296.6 ; ^unres- 214.28 ; wunian 4.10 ; 
 wunung 12.27. 
 
 4. Due to z£;-influence upon eo or io, themselves the result 
 
 OF BREAKING OR OF U- OR 0-UMLAUT OF A WG. i" OR I : -CUCU 16.4; -hwur- 
 
 fan 562.13; suwian<WG. 1)56.18; swura 46.23; swurd 84.18; swustur 
 86.30; swutele 608.29; -swutelian 8.4; svvutelHce 38.8; tuwa 24.28; 
 betwux 4.33 ; uton 14.18; wuce 100.27; wudu 62.34; wuduwe 66.16; 
 wurpan 50.16.; wur^ 62.8; -wurfTan 4.5; wur3^ian 22.32; wur^^mynt 
 10.17 ; arwur3^nes 24.34. 
 
 5. The CONTRACTION OF ^ + tt : — bufan 38.31, 
 
 6. Shortened from WS. w, WG. m, with gemination of fol- 
 lowing consonant: — hluttor 58.11. 
 
 7. After the analogy of the preterits of contract verbs 
 OF the Second Ablaut Class: (?ugon 444.15. 
 
 8. Latin o before nasals, WS. u : — munuc 2. i ; munt 440. 15 ; pund 
 
 400.19. 
 
 9. Foreign :—culfre 104.21; Judeisc 48.19 ; purpura 32S.11; tunece 
 34. 29; turtle 140. 1. 
 
 THE VOWEL K, 
 
 1. WG. //, WS. 7/:— brucan 12.34; bugan 4,28; bur 458,27; -gebur 
 340.8; clut 424,19; dun 8.25; ful 458-6; hlud 74.6; huxlice (?) 48,23 ; 
 hus 30.14"; lutian 496.19; rum 36.2 ; scrud66,i; scufan 58.26; -scunian 
 (Cosijn, §82) 114.5 ; scur 64.31 ; sucan 246.21 ; susl 6.6 ; truwa 170.28; 
 tru\vian2.i6; tun- 422.11; <^Tuh 564.19; ^usend 38.5; -uhtan 74.20; 
 ut 6.12. 
 
 2. WG. d, preceded by a/:— hu 6.10; huhe 274.3; huru 72.15; 
 (bu)tu 18.10.
 
 1 6 FRANK FISCHER. 
 
 3. The representative of WG. a (Cosijn, g 7) :— bu(tu) 18.10. 
 
 4. The contraction of ^+ ti: — butan 2.13 (buton 344.30). 
 
 5. Lengthened from WG. «, with ecthlipsis. a) of g:— 
 -brude 394.14; -frunon 456.7. b) of « :— cu3' 2.4 ; cu3'e2.ii; dust 
 18. iS; husul 34. iS; mu3^ 54.16; su3" 504.8 ; -S'uht 318.27; <^uhte 292.5; 
 ure2.i9; us 76.6 ; uS^e 452.19; u^^wita (Grein) 60.31. 
 
 6. The result of secondary lengthening of « :— iu 62.25; 
 mund 504.19; mundian 274.6; munt 504.28; nu 20.31; swurd 482.22; 
 d\i. 6.28; unforht 592.8; up 188.21 ; wundor 26.2. 
 
 THE VOWEL y. 
 
 I The /-umlaut of « :— bryne 132.26; -bryrdan 58.14; -bryttan 
 464.27; bydel 4.12; -byligan 564.29; -byrd 2.5; -byrdnys 28.24; 
 byrgen 26.15; byrian 18. i; -byrian 2.2; byrig 22.20; byrigan 
 26.35; byr?en 62.34; byr^ere 308.12; byr^re 210.16; gebytle 
 66.11 ; bytming 5^6.10 ; -clyppan 136.25; cyfe 58.25 ; cyme 24.13 ; cymst 
 34.21; cym3" 28.14; cyning 2.3 (cyneg 232.4, cyng 212.7); cynn 2.19; 
 cyrce 42.35; cyrclic 150.26; eyre 10.19; -cyrf (?) 94.32; cyrnel 
 236.17; cyrtel 64.13; cyssan 430.31; cyst 66.2; cystig 60.14; -dwyld 
 (?) 8.14; -dyre 310.28; dyrstig 506.31; dyrstignes 70.7; -dyrst- 2.15; 
 dyselig 94-35; dyslic 60.22; frym^ 4.1; fylian 382.18; fyligan 
 50.28; fylian 58.24; fylst 8.8; fyrhtan 30.17; fyrmest 44.14; -fyr^rian 
 210.13; gryre 470.8; gyden 426.7; gylden 60.29; gylt 164.27; gyrdel 
 86.9; gyte 544-24; hlyst 138.27; hlystan 54.16; hlyte 346.29; hryre 
 32.38; -hwyrft 30.2; -hycgan 300.19; -hyldan 542.29; hyll 576.26; 
 hyrdel 430.23; hyrn- 106.12; hyrned 102.7; hyse- 80.15; -lybbe 72.24; 
 lyffetung 492.32; lyffetynd 492.28 ; lyften 308.3; lyre 6.27; oflyst 136.6; 
 lystan 148.24; -mynd 220.3 ; -myndan 80.12; -myndig6.9; mynegian 
 56.20; -mynegian 88.22; mynegung 6.29; mynetere 406.17; mynster 
 2.4; wur^mynt 10.17; myrig 154.11; myrhS' 154. 11; nyt 412.12; ryne 
 80.32; -rynel 356.21; rysel 522.34; ry^3^a 372.34; scyld410.11; -scyl- dian 
 12.21 ; -scyldig 6.34; scyle 198.28; -scyte 608.32 ; scytra 612.33 ; -scyttan 
 540.31 ; -slype 456-19 ; smylte 182.32 ; smyltnys 608.13 ; spryttan 216.14 ; 
 spyrn3^ 390.10; styrian 44.28; styrung 360.16; syfling (Cf. Grein 
 s. V. gesyflaji) 188.19; symbel 20.35; syn 6.2; synderlice 22.23; 
 getrymman 4.9; tyrnan 514.20; -f5'ryccean 534.25 ; -^ryccednys 608.7 ; 
 -^Crymm 2S.15; (^)3rryt (?) 88.32; -S^yldigan 56.16; -^yldlice 56.13; 
 ^yllic 42.30; -3fyrl 584.28; ^^yrnen 162.14; ('^yrstan 336.3; -wynsum 
 184. 1 ; andwyrdan 62.6; awyrdnys 136.31; (for)vvyrd 4.12; -wyrdan 
 4.24; gewyrdelic 58.7 ; wyrdwritere 80.5; wyrhta 8.5; wyrm 132.19; 
 vvyrt 304.25; vvyrtruma 132.7; yfel4.i2; yfemest 308.9 ; ymbe 10.3. 
 
 2. The representative of ie, the /-umlaut of ea: — gebyld 
 52.17; -byldan 310.7; byldo 2.8; cvvylmian 86.3; cyle 84.14; -cyrran 
 6.29; -fyldan 184.31; fyll 380.28; -fylian 380.20; fyl^ 160.6; fyrd 312.3; 
 gyrd 62.34; gyrela 298.31; gyrla 88.35; -Invyrfan 60.23; hwyrftlian 
 514.21; -hyldan 160.34; hylt 54.13; hyrwan 424.13; -myrran 372.3; 
 nyrwan 34.35; -nyrwian 410.1 ; -scyppan 16.21 ; styrnlic 182.34; sylen 
 584.17; syllan 54.4; syrewung 80.34; syrvvan 82.20; syrwian 374.19; 
 -5'ryle 34-34; -^wyh? 618.12; wycx^^ 154-27; -wyldan 28.12; -wyllde
 
 STRESSED VOIVELS OF CLERICS HOMILIES. 
 
 17 
 
 568.9; wyll- 22.3 ; wylm 96.25; -wyltan 222.8 ; -wyriged 18.16 ; -vvyrnan 
 14.3; -wyrpan 46.3; wyx^T 278.25; yld 84.3; yidian 350.14; ylding 
 220.9; yldra 60.23; yrm^u 184.32. 
 
 3. The representative of WS. ie, the /-umlaut of eo, to: — 
 -bryc3' 272.6; byrnan 118. 2; byrfT 182.12; -cnyrdnys 118. 7; cwyrn- 
 514.17; cwyst 380.3; cwy^T 54.29; cyr0 472.15; cyrm 618.17; -fyni 
 94.12; fyr- 106.21 ; -fyrsian 124.31; gyh^a 86.12; gyrnan 140.32 ; hyrde 
 6.13; hyre (gsf.) 346.26; hyre (dsf.) 276.13; -hyrtan 152.31; -lyhtan 
 400.25; scylfe 166.16; -scyrtan4.6; tyrian 132.26; tyrwan 20.33 ; wyfst 
 488.25; -wyrpst 588.5; vvyrresta 384.3; wyrsa 10.35; wyrsian 124.26; 
 wyrsta 66.29; -wyr^T 264.22; yrfe- 32.34; yrnan 104.5; yrsian 362.30; 
 yrsung 592.3 ;' yr3r- 450.11 ; yr^ling 342.6. 
 
 4. The representative of WS. to. eo, the o-umlaut of WG. i : 
 — byfian 108.21; clypian 6.31; gynian 160.9; hyra (gpl.) 452.15; 
 andlyfa 398.31; sy^^an 6.15; (Cf. Sievers-Cook, § 109, N.) ; tylian 
 242.1; 3"ysne 364.22. 
 
 5. The representative of WS. ie. the w-umlaut of WG. i:— 
 iyma 604.35; lymum 596.14; syndon 276.8. 
 
 6. The representative of WS. i, WG. i: — bysegian (Cosijn, § 
 32, p. 50) 306.3; bysmor 152.7; byst 488.24; byternys 408.26; cvvyc- 
 328.21 ; cwyddian 364.14; cwyde28.2o; cwyld 614.9 ; -cwysan (?) 60.24 ; 
 cyld 140.1; cyrps 456.24; -dylegian 68.11; fylmen 94.13; fyren-96.15; 
 fyrst 58.22; fya^er- 364.28; gyf 464.22; angyn 70.19; -gynnan 612.5; 
 hwylc 286.26; lybban 266.2; mycel 2.9; myld 210.9; myslic 
 84.24; nygon- 432-21; nygo^^a 554-11; nyS'emest 536.10; ny^'er 
 170.23; -ny^erian 300.29; ny^^eweard 536.9; scylling 88.4; scypmen 
 244.29; -styllan 156.19; -swycon 70.32; swyft 296.33; -swylc^ 216.12; 
 swylt 6.30; swymman 276.13; syge 84.31; sylfren 366.25; symle 
 36.14; synd 244.10; untwylice 282.30; getwysa 110.21 ; tydder 286.8 ; 
 -tymbrian 144.33; 9"yder 384.13 ; -3^yged 266.15; ^ygen 266.17; ^'yses 
 324.8; 3fysre 294.23; ^yssera 266.17; '^yssere 272.4; wylla 258.19; 
 wyllan 20.28; wynstre 222.14; ylca (?) 6.23. 
 
 7. The representative of WS. i, WG. e, before a nasal : — 
 -nyman 322.9. 
 
 8. The result of the influence of the preceding w in W^S. 
 weo, wio, developed from an original WG. we, wi: — swyster 
 58.20; ^wyr 174.27; ^wyrlic 4.22; ^^vvyrnys 4.32; wydevve 60.12; 
 wyrcan 4.3 ; wyr^^ 4.33- 
 
 9. Due to the influence of a preceding palatal, a) On e : 
 
 gyddian 410.16; gyfan 20.17; -gyfen 49834; gyfta 58.8; gyld 70.23; 
 -gyldan 96.19; gylp 62.7; gyrstan 56.33; gyse (?) 14.4 ; -gytan 140.3; 
 -scyldan 52.15; -scyrian 98.9. b) on £, the i-umlaut of g :— 
 -scyndan 48.19. 
 
 10. The representative of WS. ie, the palatal umlaut of eo, 
 which has arisen from WG. e through breaking : — sylf (Sievers- 
 Cook, ^ loi, N. 2) 6.15; syx 202.2; syxtig- 148.20. 
 
 11. The representative of WS. £, the /-umlaut of g, WG. a 
 before A nasal: — cynnestre 352.27 ; -stynt 158,35. 
 
 12. The contraction of ^+/:— bynnan 22.1; nys 274.21; nyste
 
 1 8 FRANK FISCHER. 
 
 366.6; nyston 106.4; nytan 92.30; nyte 348.30; nyten 62.14; nytennys 
 384.27. 
 
 13. Shortened from y with gemination of the following 
 consonant; — 3'rynnys 134.4; yttra 530.14. 
 
 14. WG. a : — swylc (Goth, swaleiks) 32.25. 
 
 15. Foreign : — cyrographum 300.5 ; gymm (WS. i, Lat. e followed 
 by nasal), 458.24; myrram 78.28 (myrran 116. 6.) 
 
 16. Of unknown origin : — dyde 352.17; nywerenan 566.5; wyln 
 110.27. 
 
 THE VOWEL i. 
 i. The z-umlaut of WG. t'c. — bryd 58.14; -byhS' 288.9; bysen 8.1 ; 
 bysnian6.23; -clysan 86.30; clysing 332.20; dry 370.31 ; dryg3' 284.35 ; 
 drypan (CosijN, § 83) 118. 4; -fylan 110.20 ; fyr (CosijN, § 107) 6.3 ; fyren 
 (Cosijn, § 107) 132.18 ; Hlyda 100.5 '. hydan 108.18 ; hyra (CosijN, § 83) 
 238.13; lyt6.22; lytel 64.14; ryman 28.12; rymet 30.14; geryne 90.8; 
 geryno 154.6; scrydan 18.20; S'ryh 222.8; 9^yde (Cosijn, § 83) 88.10; 
 yting 34.13. 
 
 2. The z-umlaut of « (from WG. ?/«) : — cy^an 6.32 ; cy3^ere 384.28 ; 
 cy?<?u 396.27 ; hry^er- 322.35 ; hy3'3' 240.30; yd 108.17 ; y3'ung 492.1. 
 
 3. The representative of WS. ie, the «-umlaut of da: — byme 
 6.32 ; cypa 406.17 ; gecype 406.17 ; cyping 406.6 ; cypman 406.1 ; -dydan 
 402.11; -flya? 344.28; -flyman 524.28; gyman 342.31; gyme- 
 8.12; gymen 28.21 ; hlytta34.i; hryman 46.33 ; hyhsta 198.30 ; -hypan 
 410.21; -hype 492.33; hyran 2.9; -hyrsum 14.5; -hyrsumian 12.12; 
 -lyfan 24.26; -lysan 6.29; -lyft 226.3; nyd- 256.30; nydan 12.15; nyten 
 14.14 ; -rypan 66.11 ; -scyte 466.14; slype 376.30; stypel 22.19; syfernys 
 360.5; syfre 596.32; gesyman 458.23; -tygan 206.11; tyman 18.26: 
 yean 32.20; -ywan 170.33. 
 
 4. The representative of WS. ie, the z-umlaut of eo: — hxyd 
 250.21; -byt 178.27; bytt 358.31; dyrling 58.1; flyh^ 238.14; frynd 
 50.23; fynd 50.24; hryst 368.25; -hryw^ 598.8; -lyhtan 286.1; -lyst 
 54.1; -lys? 338.24; ly^^^er (Cf. Cosijn, § 106) 168.6; scyt 362.22; -scyt 
 346.5; strynan 20.8; styran 360.15 ; ansyn46.6; twyn 116.16; betwynan 
 (?) 256.30; twynian 132.27; twynung 72.32; tyn 10.12; Sfystru 144.10. 
 
 5. The representative of WS. ie, the /-umlaut of to before 
 w: hywed 406.11 ; nyw 540.34; nywelnys 174.25. 
 
 6. The representative of WS. ie, the result of palatal 
 influence on e, the /-umlaut of WG. 6: — gescy 404.5. 
 
 7. The representative of ^, the /-umlaut of d, WG. at: — 
 bryden (?) 288.4. 
 
 8. The representative of WS. ^, WG. e: — myse 188.34. 
 
 9. The representative of WS. i, /-umlaut of WG. 6: — bewypan 
 (?) 84.29. 
 
 10. The representative of WS. z, WG. i: — gyfernys 86.6; 
 gytsere 64.33; hyred 92.10; hywan 430.31; -ryman 538.12;. 
 -scyran 298.33 ; -svvyc^ 304.27; twyfealdlic 140.16; tyma 18.26; 3'rym 
 368.1 ; ydel 60.33 ; -ydlian 60.5. 
 
 11. The representative of WS. i (from WG. in): — -swyS'an 
 462.12; swyS'e 372.1; swy^ra 48.11.
 
 STRESSED VOWELS OF AtLFRICS HOMILIES. 19 
 
 12. The contraction of /+£•:— sy 54-15; syn (?) 264.1 ; ^ry 20.29. 
 
 13. The contraction of /+ k (Cosijn, $ 40) : — dy 382.32. 
 
 14. Lengthened from y, after loss of a following g: — 
 ingehyd 280.12. 
 
 15. Due to secondary lengthening of y, the representa- 
 tive of WS. iy WG. i: — S-ygen 266.8. 
 
 16. The representative of WS. ie, of unknown origin :— gyt 
 14.17 ; gyta 608.29. 
 
 THE DIPHTHONG ea. 
 
 I. The breaking of WG. a. a) Before /-[-a consonant:— 
 beald- 52.17; -bealh 372.17; ceald 320.23; -cweald 48.22; cwealm 
 608.18; ealdor 10.21; -ealgian 502.31; eall 4.6; ealswa 342.6; -feald- 
 32.25; -feald 100.19; -feallan 12.4; -geald 474.1 ; gealga 588.16 ; gealh 
 472.8; gealla 584.34; -healden4.9; healf4.3i ; heall 52.20; healt 26.11 ; 
 -seald 474.12 ; sealde 62.21; sealf 220.31; seal m- 106.11 ; -steal de 50.2', 
 steall 48.29; -swealh 246.12; swealt 434.11; -teald 328.29; wealcan 
 250.17; weald 6.19; wealdan 64.16; wealh- 436.14; vveall 106.12; 
 weallan 58.25. b) Before r-f a consonant : — beard 456.18; beam 
 20.7; cearcian 132.30; cweartern 72.19; dearr458.i7; eard8.3; earfo?- 
 4.10; earm 64.32; -earnian 8.6; cart 54.10; fearr 502.9; geard 4.2; 
 gearcian 12.2; heard 48.2; hearm 56.2; hearpe 322.33; hwearflian 
 392.34; mearcian 310.27; nearu (Sievers-Cook, § 105, N.) 34.32; 
 scearp 434.8; scearpnys 58.30; searo- (Sievers-Cook, § 105, N.) 
 192.15; spearca 466.26; stearc 362.34 ; sweart4.i3; teart- 330.1; (J'earf 
 342.2; S^earflice 556.15 ; 3^earfa54.2; S^earl 34-34; weard 572.30; for- 
 weard 92.34; inweardlice 58.16 ; wi^'erweardnys 12.22 ; -wearp 246.18 ; 
 wears' 2.2. c) Before A, -f a consonant or final: — eahta 90.29; 
 leahtor6.33; -leahtrian 8.12 ; -seah 2.8; seax 88.9; geS^eaht 44.30; 
 3'eahtian 572.30; weaxan 20.19; -weaxen 258.18. 
 
 2. The w-UMLAUT OF WG. a : — bealu 266.14; -freatwian 62.26; gearu 
 18.2; -sceadewian 198.30; sceadu (but cf. Sievers-Cook, § 105, N. i) 
 316.15; sceadwung 610.1 ; screafe (dat. sing.; from analogy of the 
 plural) 406.3. 
 
 3. Due to the influence of a preceding palatal upon WG. 
 a: — ceaf 594.6; ceaflas 534.17; ceaster 30.20; -geaf 76.12; geafol 
 430-5*> geat 76.3; -sceacan 212.10; gesceaft 8.24; sceal 6.14; scealt 
 578.17; sceamian 18.12; sceamu 256.5; -sceamul 262.5; -sceap 94.1; 
 -sceapen 70.17; gesceapu 86.10; sceatt 88.4; scea^fa 72.30; sleac 
 (Sievers-Cook, § 210.1) 602.15; sleacnys 350.15. 
 
 4. The representative of WS. eo, the (?-umlaut of WG. i:^ 
 teala 332.15. 
 
 5. The representative of WS. eo, the breaking of WG. e:— 
 Sllhearwen (a corruption of the stem of hweorfan ?) 454.11. 
 
 THE DIPHTHONG ^a. 
 
 I. WG. a«, WS. <?a: — beacen 44.22; -bead 294.17; beagian 50.12; 
 
 -beah 298.28; -beamed 610.2; -beat 406.8; beatan 432.12; -beaten 
 
 432.12; breac 450.2; -brea? 10.18; ceac- 428.1; ceap 406.15; -ceapian 
 
 62.3; -ceas 258.9; ceast 408.26; deadlic 14.2; deaf 26.13; dreah
 
 20 FRANK FISCHER. 
 
 452.25; dream 524.34; eac 2.16; eaca 30.9; eacan 52.20; eadignys 
 32.32; eadmodnys 12.27; eagei8.3; eah- 474-8; eala (Cosijn, §92) 
 40.6 ; eare 46.33 ; eastan 42.34 ; Easter- 182.3 ; ea^^elic 4.7 ; fleah 466.12 ; 
 fleam (Cosijn, § 92)82.26; geaplice (Cf. Grein, s. v. ^^a/>) 80.9; 
 gleawlice 122.18; great 52.8; heafod3o.4; heah 10.13; heap 298.10; 
 heawan 62.34; hleapung 480.35; hream 156.26; -hreas 608.26; -leac 
 272.15; lead 254.26; leaf 236. 19; geleafa6.i9; leah 170.4; lean 200.16; 
 edlean6.6; leas 4.30; leasung 6.5; leat 296.2; neadian 4.18; read 
 46.16; reafi8.i9; -reafian 42S.5 ; -sceaf 570.28; sceat 502.18 ; sceavvian 
 76.11; screadian (?) 88.9; seam 20.33; -searian 610.19; sea? 488.5; 
 smeagan (Cosijn, § 92) 10.2; steam 86. 14; steap 456.17; stream 562.15 ; 
 streamlic 444.10; streaw 404.6; racenteag 434-8; teah 378.9; team 
 238.1; rTeah2.i; f^reaw 94.32; ^reagan 66.34; ^reagian 360.17; (Treal 
 362.34; 3"rean 52.18; ?reat 346.32; ^reatian 126.6; S^reatung 410.8; 
 S'rea? 530.7. 
 
 2. Due to the influence of a preceding palatal upon d ok 
 a: — gea 316.32; gear 4.31 ; -geaton 68.4; -scead 96.13; -sceadan 344.2 ; 
 -scean3o. 16; sceap 240.18; scea? 482.32. 
 
 3. Due to the influence of a following w on an original 
 WG. a: — feavve 70.21. 
 
 4. Due to the influence of a following w upon d:, the 
 i-UMLAUT OF d, WG. ai\ — eaw- 314.12; hreavv 380.34. 
 
 5. The representative of WG. d before h (Cf. Sievers-Cook, 
 § 57.2. d): — neawist (h has disappeared) 346.18. 
 
 6. The representative of WS. <?o, WG. iu : hreaw 606.1. 
 
 7. The contraction OF WG. a + o, w : — ea 86.20; geslea 568.32; 
 -slea? 86.35; tear 66.29; -^vvean 464.17. 
 
 8. The contraction of WG. d-\-u: — nean 24.14; near 268.27. 
 
 9. The contraction of WG. e -\- o (Cf. Sievers-Cook, § 113): — 
 gefea 30.19; gefean 340. 17. 
 
 10. After the analogy of the preterits of the Second 
 Ablaut Class: ?eah 558.10; -wreah 328.16. 
 
 11. Lengthened from ea, the palatalization of WG. a, with 
 ecthlipsis of the following g: — ongean 10.26. 
 
 THE DIPHTHONG eo. 
 
 1. The breaking OF ^, z. a)BEFOREr+.A consonant: beorg 
 
 40.34 ; -beorgan 416. 17 ; beorhtnys 30. 16 ; ceorfan 516.4 ; ceorlian 238. i ; 
 -cneordlice 36.11; -deorf 56.3; eornostlice 38.13; eorS'e 6.9; feorh 
 88.17, (feore, dat., 384.7) ; -feormiangS.n; feorr 106.16; feorran 358.7 ; 
 -georn 60.14; geornlice 8.11; heorcnian 362.11; heorcnung 26.13; 
 heord- 502.10; heorte 10.23; leorning 2.20; neorxna-(?)(but cf. Grein) 
 12.34; gereord 2.7; steorfan 398.34; steorra 14.28; S^weoran 232.7; 
 ^weorh 302.30 ; ^weorian 380.8 ; weorc 8.7 ; vveornian 64.15; -weor<Tan 
 14.35. b) Before h,-\- a consonant or final : — feoh 66.10 ; feohtan 
 48.30; leohtra (breaking of shortened WG. i) 330.11; meox 118.15; 
 pleoh 178.34; beseoh 566.14; -teohode 198.27; betweox 246.2. c) 
 Before m : eom 4.3.- 
 
 2. The «-umlaut of e, i: — ceosol 536.31; heofon 6.8; heonon
 
 SmESSEI) VOWELS OF ^LFRICS HOMILIES. 21 
 
 22.13; beneorTan 86.9; neo^or 50.4; seofontig 26.6; seofofta 14.31 - 
 seolfor 22.29; svveoster 260.19; fifteogo^a 310.24 ; weoruld 4.19. 
 
 3. The o-UMLAUT OF ^, 7':— ceorian 338.10; heora 70.22; hreopian 
 316.16; bigleofa 54.3; leofast 58417; leofaf^f 266.1; leofode 39219; 
 endleofta 29S.5; teolian 392.19; teolung 66.10; -teorian 58.10; 
 -teorigendlic 56.16. 
 
 4. Due to palatal influence: on o, ti.—geoc 212.10; geogo^ 
 340.27; geond 308.19; geong 48.1; sceocca 166.26; -sceofen 170.2; 
 sceoldest 592.24; sceole 594.10; sceolon 264.34; -sceop 106. 11 ; bisceop 
 290.3 ; -sceoren 488.9 ; sceorian 72.9 ; -sceoten 506.7. 
 
 5. The result of contraction in the preterits of certain 
 REDUPLICATING VERBS :—feol 316.29 ( feoll 316.34) ; feollon 244.16; 
 -heold 560.1; heoldon 378.26; weolc 448.17; -weold 402.27; vveollon 
 472.30. 
 
 THE DIPHTHONG So. 
 
 1. WG. eu, WS. So:—-deodan 14.8; -beor 484.1; -beorscipe 74.16; 
 breost 84.16; -breoSfan 268.11; -ceocod (?) 216.16; ceosan 24.20; 
 anccleow* 466.25; creopan 486.29; deep 514.18; deopnys 110.33 ; deor 
 360.18; deorcynn 14.14; dreong6o.i5; eow (dat.) (Kluge) 330.5 ; eow 
 (ace.) (Kluge) 16.33; eower 416.5;- fleogan 380.17; fleoh 78.33 ; Reod 
 142.9; greet 74.24; heofian 180.15; heofigan 86.33; heofung 342.14; 
 hleo^Trian 38.7; hreofla 120.14; hreoflia 122.29; hreoflig 26.11; hreoh 
 182.33; hreosan 380.28; -hreosan 72.2 ; hreow6.i6; hreowsung 68.17 ; 
 leod 70.6; leof 28.20; leogan 16.20; leoht 18.22; leoma 108.18; -leosan 
 112. 2; neod 42.6; -neosian 44.1; reocan 336.33; -reonian 388.5; 
 -reonung 380.7 ; -reow 232.30; sceotan 170.1 ; -seoc 26.13 ; steor 186.20; 
 -streon 60.23; teona (CosijN, § loi) 48.15; ?eod 6.21; ?eof 72.19; 
 3^eosterfull 68.4 ; 3^eostru 36.19; -3reote22.4; ^^eotan 374.9. 
 
 2. Due to the influence of a preceding palatal upon d:— 
 geomerian 142.17; -50600570.14; -sceop 276.2; sceopon 478.9. 
 
 3. Due to the influence of a following zu on an original 
 WG. ^, z:—cneowian 578.7; cneowu48.4; eowd 244.6; eowod 30.15; 
 feower 16.5 ; treow 18.3; treowa 102.22; 3"eowa 38.26; ^feowian 
 74.1; S^eowraoe 446.17. 
 
 4. Due to the influence of a following tv on WS. e, the 
 z-umlaut of WG. d: — fleow^ 102.30; speowS^ 526.16. 
 
 5. The contraction of f or f -f a or if : — beet 568.22 ; -beotlice 
 380.29; deofol4.i5; freolice 228.2 ; freols 76.26. 
 
 6. The contraction of i or i -{- o or u : — beo 374.20 ; beon 266.6 ; 
 beo3^ 342.35; eode (Cosijn, § 38.2) 400.26; feond 56.5; freond 56.6; 
 heo 24.26; seo 24.33 ; -3^eon 100.31; 3^eos 276.12; Jreo 24.9; 3'reora 
 42.34; -wreon 278.14; -wreoSr 580.27. 
 
 7. The contraction of e -i- o or u ; — seo (acc. sing.) 516.23 ; geseo 
 386.29; geseon 72.14; -teontig 92.20; teo^a 10.21; teo3^ian 178.30; 
 twee 106.30; untweolice 360.25 ; betweonan 30.28; tweonian 72.30. 
 
 8. The contraction of eo-\- a following vowel : — feor3'a 4.31 ; 
 
 ♦Either by gradation from Germ, aa, or from analogy of endow, etc. Thus, ' Phil. Soc. 
 Eng. Diet.,' s. V. ankle.
 
 22 FRANK FISCHER. 
 
 feor^lincg 268.1; feos (gen.) 452.23 (f^o, dat., 316.25); fleon 377.17; 
 -teo 22.11 ; -teon 82.22. 
 
 9. The representative of WG. au : eovvian 74.13. 
 
 10. Lengthened from ^o with ecthlipsis of a following^, 
 THE eo being derived from t, WG. i : — weofod 54.19. 
 
 11. Lengthened owing to analogy: — freoh 76.13 (after the 
 analogy of the contract form/reo). 
 
 13. The result of contraction in the preterits of certain 
 reduplicating verbs : — beoton 424.32 ; -bleow 12.29 ; -cneow 314.14 ; 
 -cneowon 438.8; fleow 86.11; heowon 112.33; hweos 86.7; -weep 
 604.27; -weope 402.5. 
 
 14. After the analogy of the preterits of the reduplicat- 
 ing verbs : speonon 410.33 ; weox 356.33; weoxon 186.31. 
 
 15. After the analogy of the present tense : hreow 66.21. 
 
 16. After the analogy of such verbs as beodati : — sceofan 
 
 590.33- 
 
 17. Foreign: — leo 102.5; preost 2.1, 
 
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