THE \VRIUHT IRRIGATION C1 
 
 Ray !.: . .. r.r.py . 
 
GIFT OF 
 
THE WRIGHT IRRIGATION ACT IN CALIFORNIA. 
 
 Ray fc. Gidney 
 
 1912. 
 
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o 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS . 
 
 Page. 
 
 I. Conditions Leading to the Passage of_ the Act / 
 
 Early history of irrigated agriculture 1 
 
 Changed conditions of the 'seventies. . *.... 1 
 
 Legislation 3 
 
 Act of 1872. . . . . "*? '*? . * . . * . . 3 
 
 Act of 1878 4 
 
 Act of 1887, The V/right Irrigation Act, . K 4 
 
 II. Operations Under the Act 8 
 
 General opinion regarding the act ....... 8 
 
 Formation of districts and their activities ..... 11 
 
 III. Eiscuceion j> the Causes o Failure . . ..... 15 
 
 ilature of promotion ..",,*.. . 15 
 
 Purpose of promoters . ... -V .... 16 
 
 Ability of promoters 18 
 
 Justification . . 19 
 
 Agricultural factors . 19 
 
 Economic factors 22 
 
 Financial ar.d construction operations 24 
 
 Plans to secure and distribute water supply .... 24 
 
 Bond issues ...... 27 
 
 Returns for money expended . 29 
 
 s Obstacles and hindrances encountered 29 
 
 Opposition 29 
 
 Litigation 31 
 
 Summary of conclusions as to factors affecting succeer of districts ^5 
 lable giving claEeif icaticr, of districts by causes oi' failure 36 
 

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(ii) 
 
 TABLE CF CONTENTS (Continued.) 
 
 IV. The Future of the District Law. . . * . 
 Status of oldtime districts no* active. 
 Recent organization of new districts . . 
 Recent changes in the law . . . 
 Feasibility of organization under the law . 
 
 
 Page 
 38 
 
 38 
 39 
 41 
 42 
 
 Appendi_x _A. Irrigation Districts Organized in California. 
 
 Area 
 
 Eonde voted 
 
 Bonds issued 
 
 Bonds outstanding 
 
 Status of district. 
 Appendix B. Detailed accounts of the Activities of the Individual Districts . 
 
 

 
 
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THE WRIGHT IRRIGATION ACT IN CALIFORNIA. 
 
 I. Co no it ion e leading t the passage o the Act. 
 
 Early history; _of irrigated agriculture . 
 
 In the early history of agriculture in California we find little 
 reference to irrigation for the early wheat and cattle ranches yielded good 
 profits to their owners without irrigation. Immense tracts of land were 
 embraced in these ranches and the ranchers looked with little favor on the 
 irrigated with his email-scale farming. The first systematic irrigation, in 
 California was in the neighborhood of Anaheim and Riverside about tne year 
 1859, but not for nany years after that time was the irrigation industry 
 widespread in the state. The tardiness in adopting irrigation was due 
 probably to two natural conditions: rainfall, in many sections, was sufficient 
 to raise crops without artificial application of water, and the excellence of 
 the soil made the yields heavy. It seemed, therefore, unnecessary to go to 
 the trouble and expense of irrigating. 
 
 Changed conditions f the ^seventies . 
 
 'In the seventies, however, conditions began to change .^ The broad 
 stretches of wheat land in the San Joaquin and Sacramento valleys responded 
 lepe generously to the efforts of the rancher and it was found that but a frac- 
 tion of the former yields could be obtained, and, to make matters worse, this 
 
 Note. 1. Wead, Irrigation Institutions, p. 185.-- 
 
 Note . 2. Adams, The Distribution and Use of Water in Modesto and Turlock 
 Irrigation Districts, California, in Annual Report of Irriga- 
 tion and Drainage Inveetigations , 1904, U. S. Department of 
 
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(2) 
 
 decrease in yield was accompanied by a fall in the price of wheat, the average 
 for the five years preceding 1881 being $1.63 per cental at Modesto as against 
 1.45 per cental for the five years following. Here, then, was a very impor- 
 tant change in conditions, and ranchers began to consider more seriously the 
 
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 advisability of irrigation. 
 
 A second factor affecting the situation during the latter part of the 
 decade 1870-1880 and from that time on, was the diseatief action widely felt 
 with water right and land holding conditions. Immense tracts of land were in 
 the hands of a few parties who did not v/ish to sell or to improve their property 
 Kany felt that the owners of these great ranches should be forced to subdivide 
 and sell at least portions of their land. 
 
 The effect of the existence of these lar c e holdings upon the problem- 
 of rater rights was even more serious . Under the common-law system of riparian 
 rights ae finally applied in California by the decision of the Supreme Court 
 in the care of Lux v. Kaggin (1886), 19 Cal . 255, the owner of land bordering 
 on a stream could prevent the appropriation of the water of the stream to land 
 not bordering on it. When the developruent of irrigation resources began, it 
 was found that the owners of land abutting the streams had entire control of 
 the situation and could prevent diversion of the waters to non-riparian lands. 
 In the San Joaquin valley the situation was especially aggravated. The firm ' 
 of Miller ft Lux owned enormous tracts of land and controlled water rights on 
 many streams . Their policy throughout was to bitterly oppose any persons 
 desirous of securing appropriation rights and their ability as litigants is 
 testified to by several Supreme Court decisions in their favor. Many people 
 built works to irrigate their land, only to find when they attempted to turn 
 the water onto the land, that the riparian owners would not permit such diver- 
 sion, even though the water was apparently running to waste. Such "dog-in-the- 
 manger" tactics naturally created a very real demand for remedial legislation. 
 
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(3) 
 
 In southern California the need for irrigation had been felt from 
 the first. Southern California ie a land of li^ht rainfall and rapid run off, 
 with the rivers flowing in cede composed of immense deposits of gravel so that 
 a very large portion of the flow, or even at times the entire flow of the 
 streams is through the gravel strata, leaving the surface almost dry. The 
 streams have their maximum run-off during the winter and in the spring and 
 sunner very little surface water ie available for irrigation. Under such 
 conditions an abundant water supply could only be secured by the construction 
 of storage reservoirs and by long diversion lines from the mountains v and 
 such projects required the expenditure of large suite of money. Uany private 
 corporations entered the field and supplied water to various sections, cut the 
 
 . 
 
 inrush of settlers from the aet created demands for even more rapid develop- 
 
 rent then was taxing place . 
 
 These and other conditions created a strong dec&ud for sct.e law 
 which would give some means by w&ich farming communities could overcome the 
 difficulties caused by their lack of money capital and the disordered condition 
 
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 of water rights, and secure the much deeired benefits of irrigation. 
 
 Legislation. 
 
 The firet legislative enactment along this line came in 1872 when 
 the California legislature passed an act providing that tr.e owners of land 
 susceptible of one mode of irrigation might combine for the common purpose, 
 contributing the water rights owned by each or acquiring new ones in the ueual 
 way. This law did not provide ar.y new means vtnereby the landowners might 
 finance their projects, nor did it attempt any solution of the question of 
 water rights . 
 
 Kote 1. Wiel: later Rights in the Western States, Vol. II., p. 1251, 
 
 3rd edit., Eancroft-lfrhitney Co., S. I"., 1911. 
 
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(4) 
 
 In the neighborhood of Modesto a movement was started to eecure 
 water from either the Tuolumne River or the Stanislaus River . In 1878 the 
 Legislature enacted a law* creating an irrigation district to be called the 
 Modesto Irrigation District. "A corporation was authorized to be formed for 
 furnishing water to the district and the credit of the State and Stanislaus 
 County was loaned for the payment of bonds up to 500,000 in amount." Little 
 came of this enactment, however 
 
 In 1887 C. C. Wright, a resident of Modesto and a member of the 
 State Senate , introduced an act known as the "Wright Irrigation Act" which was 
 expected to provide a solution for the existing difficulties. The Act was 
 entitled "An Act to provide for the organization and government of irrigation 
 districts, and to provide for the acquisition of water and other property, and 
 for the distribution of water thereby for irrigation purposes, " and was approved 
 by the Governor on llarch 7, 1887. It provided that fifty or a majority of the 
 freeholders owning land susceptible of irrigation from a common eource could 
 propose the organization of an irrigation district . A petition was first to 
 be presented to the Board of Supervisors of the county in which the lands were 
 situated and tue petitioners were to accompany the petition with a bond for 
 double the probable cost of organization of the district conditioned that the 
 bondemen should pay all such coete in case the organization should not go through. 
 The petition was to be published two weeks before presentation. A hearing 
 before the Board of Supervisors was provided for during which the Board night 
 make alterations in the boundaries so as to permit the withdrawal from the dis- 
 trict of lands not susceptible of irrigation and the inclusion of additional 
 lands susceptible of irrigation. The Board was to oivice the district into 
 
 ;>'ote 1. Adams, Frank: The Distribution and Use of V.ater in Kodeeto 
 and Turlock Irrigation Districts, Cal . , p. 96. 
 
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five precincte from each of which a director was to be elected . It was also 
 provided that, if BO requested in the petition, the directors, either three 
 or five in number, might be elected at large. Having made the necessary 
 
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 division, the Board of Supervisors was to give notice of an election to be 
 held in the proposed district to determine whether or not the district should 
 
 be organized and all persons resident within the district and possessed of 
 
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 the qualifications required of electors under the general election laws of 
 
 the state were permitted to vote at such election. Directors were also voted 
 
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 for at the same time with the further provision that after organization directors, 
 
 assessor, tax-collector and treasurer, were to be elected each two years. A ^ 
 two- thirds vote was necessary to carry the election for organization. 
 
 The board of directors (all under bonds) was given po*er to manage 
 and conduct the business and affairs of the district; to make and execute all 
 
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 nece?pury contracts; employ and appoint necessary agents, officers and employes 
 and prescribe their duties; establish by-laws, rules and regulations for the 
 distribution and use of water among the owners of the land. The Act expressly 
 provided that the water of the district was to be distributed to each landowner 
 on the basis of the ratio wnich the last assessment of such owner for district 
 
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 purposes tears to the whole sum assessed upon tne district and that any land- 
 owner might assign the right to the whole or any portion of the waters appor- 
 tioned to him. 
 
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 The board was to have the right to acquire , either by purchase or 
 
 condemnation, all lands, waters and water rights, and other property for the 
 construction of canals and works , including canals atid works constructed and 
 being constructed by private owners, lands for reservoirs, etc. In case of 
 purchase, the bonds of the district might be used at their par value for pay- 
 ment. Tne board might also construct the necessary dams, reservoirs, etc.,. 
 

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 For the purpose of constructing necessary irrigating canals and 
 works, and acquiring the necessary property and rights therefor, and otherwise 
 carrying out the provisions of the Act, the board might submit to the people 
 at a special election the question of issuance of bonds. If a majority of 
 the votes caet were in favor of the bonds, the directors were empowered to 
 issue six per cent coupon bonds in ten series to come due as follows: 
 5< of the whole number of such bonds at the end of 11 years, 
 
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 The board was to sell the bonds to raise money for the construction 
 of corals and works, the acquisition of property and rights, and otherwise to 
 fully carry out the objects and purposes of trie Act. Publication of notice of 
 sale for at least twenty days in a newspaper in each of the cities of San 
 Irancieco, Sacramento and Los Angeles was required. There was no provision 
 for the exchange of bonds for construction work and it was expressly stated 
 that the bonds were not to be sold for less and ninety per cent of par. 
 
 It was to be the duty of the assessor to make an annual assessment 
 of the property within the district. After sitting as a board of equalization, 
 the board of directors was to levy an assessment to meet the interest and 
 payments cue on outstanding bonds. The ascessnent thus levied was a lien 
 
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(7) 
 
 upon all property within the district* and if the assessment were not paid 
 the property was to be sold by the district in satisfaction of the unpaid 
 tax, or if no sale could be made, the land was to be struck off to the district, 
 The Act provided that if the officials of the district failed to do their duty 
 in the matter of levying and collecting taxes, the county officials should 
 
 oerfonn the duties prescribed for the district officers. 
 
 ti-.-d* F?ured. c? fc 'irt lien upt-c all real pruprty la the district for u. 
 
 of ta Act wa* hailed fc.v r^auiy an a rental of OT t 
 
 tfe* sbetacles la tM *y of ti c*splt ci*lfprjs:.-. cf California'* afci 
 
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(8) 
 
 II. Operations Ifoder the Ac t 
 
 Such, then, WS.B the Wright of Act of 1887; an act empowering fifty 
 
 freeholders of a community to initiate and a majority of the voters thereof 
 
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 to sanction the organization of a municipal corporation which could ieeue 
 bonds secured by a first lien upon all real property in the district for the 
 
 purpose of developing water for irrigation purposes. 
 
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 - *r &ctlly ue*d on it or rt. Inaeraicfc 
 
 General opinion rejp>rding the Act . 
 
 Vfer lU^ht, tt^ainct hie Till, re i :,~i." ; - .-c * 
 
 The passage of the Act vae hailed by many as a removal of most of 
 the obstacles in the way of the complete development of California's agricultural 
 
 resources by irrigation. It was expected to accomplish four objects: (l) to 
 it vauld y ield * rvturn eufficiart fc u-rw: .* rto- , c-r t-lew rii \i& !-.:? . 
 
 permit the development of large areas of fertile land needing only the appli- 
 
 cation of water to make it productive; (2) to compel the division of large 
 
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 holdings into small tracts having applied to them intensive methods of agricul- 
 ture; (3) to settle water right troubles by giving the districts the right of 
 eminent domain and power to condemn riparian rights; and (4) to secure lover 
 
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 charges to the users of water for irrigation. 
 
 As to the first of these objects, it was confidently believed that 
 districts could be organized, bonds issued and sold and the necessary works 
 constructed at a cost very much below the final value of the land with water. 
 Land, vhich without irrigation was worth in the neighborhood of |10 to 30 per 
 acre, would, it was thought, be worth at least 100 per acre when under an 
 irrigation system, and the expense of securing the water, wnich was expected 
 to range from $5 to 30 per acre was felt to be well justified by the increased 
 value of the land. Small as wets the expenditure necessary in proportion to the 
 benefits to be derived, it was, nevertheless, rcuch greater in amount than the 
 

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(9) 
 
 landowners were, in general, atle to raise ty any ordinary means and the 
 bond issues provided for by the Wright Act seemed to offer a means whereby 
 money for development might be secured in the eastern states and in Europe in 
 sufficient amounts and at reasonable rates. It was not at that time questioned 
 that if the land were improved by irrigation its value would be raised and 
 
 buyers would be readily forthcoming. 
 
 . 
 
 The division of large tracts of land was expected to be accomplished 
 by means of a clause in the Act which provided that land included in a district 
 oust pay a water tax whether water were actually used on it or not. Inasmuch 
 as the property of a large landowner might, against his will, be included in 
 a district, and once in must pay the full water tax and tax for bond and interest 
 payments, it was reasoned that the owner must either develop his land so that 
 it would yield a return sufficient to cover the tax, or else sell the land to 
 
 those who would develop it, for the charges were almost certain to be high enough 
 
 froip. so cJoinji and w*r left witr. '. -. 
 to render the holding of unimproved land unprofitable . 
 
 The expectation that the Act would afford a solution for water right 
 difficulties was perhaps less justified than the others, for the Act expressly 
 stated that: "Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorire any person 
 or persons to divert the waters of any river, creek, stream, canal or ditch from 
 its channel > to the detriment of any person or pe reons having any interest in 
 such river, creek, stream, canal, or ditch, or the waters therein, unless previous 
 compensation be ascertained and paid therefor, under the laws of this state 
 authorizing the taking of private property for tmblic uses". It was evident, 
 therefore, that the riparian owners of water rights could not be forced to 
 relinquish their claims in favor of districts, but that they could merely be 
 compelled to sell at a price fixed by proper legal proceedings so that the 
 
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 B fti baijuisfli 6I J-ari^ Jsuivo-ir doiitv JoA aiii 1 ni aaoBlo a 1o 
 
 ,i"on 10 ^i no bsaif ijlli.'j.'j'oa STSW TS^RW Terfifreiiw xaJ -xa^jsw VJBC 
 oobularti si , Iliar sia taaisgfc- , ^flgifn i vd ogiel B lr ; as 
 
 .; . . 
 
 i btut boo:: -iol x^* brw x*J 'io-jB\sf ilul stiJ ^sq J'sucr; ai 901x0 ottB ,toxi^eil) 
 
 : qolavat isntxa j'swm Tenvvo 9^ j-jBtil be.tO'iflai asw Jx , :-. 
 ot one.: sale 10 .xaJ- ail isvoo o* tnuioillua Hiot^T JB bleiij blwow Ji 
 
 bnI be.'- .a lo 
 
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 no?. - . fijuB oJ- 'laraasb if llBda ht*HXBj-ito r j . 
 
 o (inflsn^a 4 ietTO ,T9VXTt vfl lo ata^jsw - 
 :ii J-a-o-ia-nJ: ^w ^rsxYjeii anoansq 10 ;i ytje lo Jrt.. I 
 
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(10) 
 
 districts , which must, because their land would in general be n on- riparian, 
 secure their rights to water under the doctrine of appropriation, were still 
 to a great extent at the mercy of the riparian owners . It is true that they 
 had the right to condemn riparian rights, tut as a practical measure such 
 condemnation was rarely feasible because of the large number of riparian owners 
 v.ho must be made parties to such suits and their very efficient methods of 
 legal resistance. 
 
 Notwithstanding the clear provision of the Act quoted above, it was 
 widely believed that the Wright Act would give irrigation districts rights 
 superior to those of any prior appropriatore , even without condemnation pro- 
 ceedings . An example of this belief appears in the operations of the Tipton 
 Irrigation District, near Tulare, The district constructed works and attempted 
 to take water froo. Tule River without recognizing the rights of riparian owners. 
 They were, of course, restrained from so doing and were left with a system of 
 irrigation works and no water . 
 
 The following extract from the Riverside Press of November 25, 1689, 
 will give some idea of the results which it was thought might be accomplished 
 in the improvement of the water right situation. Although the article is very 
 ranbling and its meaning uncertain in places, it seems to represent fairly well 
 the ideas of many regarding this feature of the Act and is quite as definite, 
 orobably, as were the ideas. 
 
 "The Stanislaus Mews notices one good feature of the Y, r right Irrigation law, 
 which is that 'it fixes the title of water in the land of the district. Cur 
 preeent system fixes it in stock o*ned by individuals. This stock can be bought 
 up and the water of the river taken from the country whereas the Wright law would 
 save the whole of it to the land. Perpetual water right errbodied in land titles 
 is one of theprovisions that will <;row more important to this and every other 
 irrigated country as time rolls on." 
 
 "Another exchange calls attention to the very evident tendency for the 
 irrigation districts to rapidly absorb the private systems of canals and ditches 
 in the San Joaquin valley and expresses the belief that '4 few years nence will 
 

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 ..xi a,iJ- lo ^o . J-^> J-n 
 
 3 -^ ' 
 
 driaioiiza 'n^v lied- boje 9btc erf i'au.-ii orf 
 
 . ?. Ifid 6 -^ 
 ; . .. . JOA saj' 'to noiaivoiq i^alo 
 
 . f iii avia blwow ^aA J J-sdJ-'baveil jir 
 
 sat ni SMJBeqq^ lailsd airiJ- lo alqrimxe nA .3 -.: 
 ba ,eieXuT issn ,J 
 
 
 
 ^3 J3 .{Jjfc'Jf t"l'3l 31i J 08 Moil . ; .;00 'to ,9'- 
 
 - . , 
 
 . no .L - i 
 
 
 
 J 10 O; 
 
 1 
 . 
 
 . 
 
 "to all."-. 
 
 . 
 
 
see the waters of our rivera under the control of the people . Individuals will 
 then be debarred from appropriating water for the purpose of celling it to thoee 
 to whom it already in juetice belongs ." 
 
 "These ideas suggest to ue the possibility that the time may come when, in 
 default of effecting such defense of our water rights and management of our irri- 
 gation system as we desire, tne organization of our various systems in one dis- 
 trict may afford us an alternative worth considering. It is certain that the 
 users of water in Riverside have rights which can not be taken away} rights which 
 are not larger than are held by residents of other sections; but the total of 
 all these individual water rights, when consolidated in one claim has the appearance 
 of being a monopoly 1 and this view is encouraged by the other water claimants 
 who use the term to justify their efforts to steal what they can to increase 
 their o*n supply for speculative purposes. It is expensive business getting 
 these rights adjudicated upon by the courts, but evidently that is the only way. 
 A study of the Wright law may possibly disclose a way which will be more speedy 
 and less expensive .* 
 
 A lower cost to the irrigator was hoped for from furnishing water on 
 a large scale and doing away with the profits secured by private water selling 
 corporations. The following quotation from a report of Richard J. Hinton to 
 a United States Senate committee^- gives briefly the conditions which were 
 expected under the Act. 
 
 "The general effect of tne system when tried is to greatly lessen the cost 
 of water to the irrigators, and when the districts are more unified the cost of 
 administration will be much more reduced; besides this the intense public opinion 
 and watchfulness sroueed will be a check on the slightest unnecessary expense." 
 
 Note 1. Senate Executive Document i'o. 41, 52nd Congress, let Session, 
 Report cf Richard J. Hinton on Irrigation, p . 97 . 
 
 Formation of districts and their ac tiy i tie s . 
 
 In the eight years following the passage of the Wright Act in 1887, 
 forty eight irrigation districts were organized under its provisions in Cali- 
 fornia. Since 1895 but three district have teen organized, two in 1909 and 
 one in 1911 . The movement f iret gathered strength in the San Joaquin and 
 Eacrar:.ento valleys and in the year 1887 the Turlock, Hofiesto and Central dis- 
 tricts were organized to cover a total area of about 400, 000 acres. 
 

 I.Ciw -. _ - a I... 
 
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 noliii.i . T .. "icqa'i i .ict'i iioi . 
 
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(12) 
 
 The following year, 1888, saw the organization of seven more districts in the 
 
 . ere -ijr.ilt: v ,c <~ 
 
 interior valleys; namely, the Alta, Browns Valley, Colusa, Draft, kadera, 
 
 Orland, Poso, districts. These districts included within their boundaries a 
 
 . i- , 
 
 total of approximately 650,000 acres. In 1889 the movement spread to southern 
 
 California and of the five districts organized in the state in that year, only 
 
 -* * 
 two were in the interior valley. The southern California districts were as a 
 
 rule smaller than those organized elsewhere and the total area of those organized 
 in 1869 was only 54,814 acres for southern California, an average of 16,200 acres 
 as contrasted with an average of over 100,000 acres for the first ten districts 
 organized in the Sacramento and San Joaquin Valleys . 
 
 Although the earliest activities under the Bright Act were in the 
 interior valleys, after the first two years the scene of active operations was 
 in a measure shifted to southern California. In 1890 and 1891 nineteen districts 
 were organized in the region south of Tehachapi Pass while only five were organized 
 elsewhere in the state . It thus appears that although the Bright law was enacted 
 
 *1* ! 
 
 for the benefit of the interior valley region and was, perhaps, better fitted for 
 application there than in southern California, nevertheless the southern part of 
 the ctate adopted the law with enthusiasm and of the fifty-one districts organized 
 since the passage of the act, thirty three were in southern California. 
 
 During the first few years of their existence, the first few districts 
 organized made good headway. Bonds were issued and sold, construction work was 
 begun and carried on and all seemed to point to success . The Central Irrigation 
 District, for exam. le , disposed of its bonds and constructed over fifty miles of 
 canal, averaging forty feet on the bottom. The L'oceeto and Turlock systems aleo 
 succeeded in completing the major portion of the system planned. In each of 
 
 * ABSUliO . 
 
 these, cases, however, the original estimates had not been made high enough to 
 cover the actual cost and the districts found themselves obliged to raise more 
 money. The Central District was obliged to discontinue operations and went 
 

 ia^io ed* wsa ,6881 , i^x lot rfT 
 
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(13) 
 
 entirely to the wall. The Modesto and Turlock districts ere unable to complete 
 their works lut continued to struggle on until in 1902-1903 they succeeded in 
 compromising with their creditors and securing the completion of their systems. 
 The history of other districts organized prior to 1890 uas somewhat similar to 
 that of the three mentioned, eome failing, and some withdrawing from the field. 
 
 The districte organized in 1890 and later, however, found a somewhat 
 different condition of affaire. They were not able to sell their bonds as readily 
 ae had been the earlier districts and were thus forced to resort to all sorts of 
 evasive schemes to get their bonds into circulation and secure the construction 
 of their plants. Sucn conditions led to many dishonest practices and made the 
 progress of the districts extremely difficult. What little market had existed 
 for the district bonds was finally and completely destroyed when the Panic of ' 
 1893 came and as it found many of the districts just 6 etting i airly under way, 
 its results were disastrous . Listricts failed to pay their obligations and 
 everything connected with them wae discredited . Tnose few districts which were 
 able to nang on through such a stormy time were not long afterward subjected to 
 a further trial in the ceries of dry years which came to California in the period 
 1895 to 1900. Through such difficulties as these all the districts were at one 
 time or another forced to default in their interest payments and the whole 
 operation of the Wight Act was thought by many to have proved itself a failure. 
 
 It ie necessary to notice, however, in considering the magnitude of 
 the failure involved, that many of the districts had not issued bonds and hence 
 tr.ey were not financially failures, having merely recognized the lack of 
 feasibility of their projects and withdrawn in time to avoid disaster. The 
 following quotation from a paper read by VJT . Frank Adams, Chief of Irrigation 
 Investigations for California, before the Conanonwealth Club of San t'rancieco, 
 
 ;:ote 1. Transactions of the Commonwealth Club of California, Vol. VI. 
 :;o. 8, p. 527. 
 
J- o-f 
 as. - j.i c-o Juj gjitO'A' ;. 
 
 . .J ittiff ^nisiraoiqaioa 
 
 Ow - - . J *C .. ^*i ,- ! j. 
 
 . Jbl , benoiJ-norti asiii^ efU* lo JariJ 1 
 
 iaio sJ-oi^sib edT 
 
 :1a lo ^oij-ianco j-na-iet 
 
 "it-' o- beo^oi ^i 
 
 arij- e.. I Js.-ftofisiJj 
 
 &o.. . 
 
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 oJ- 
 
 to 
 
 lo 
 
 t. 
 
 
 oJ .. .00 aou3 . 
 
 . x.e ai'oJt'iJ'Jji 
 b.u: lilliviil aasw a&nocf 
 
 * lo x"' [I bruaol tfx aa 'one 
 oil' \^q 0- xj . Btroitajsaxb &i9tf a^Ljayi 
 
 al eaouT .fa- fl^xw JaJ'oettnoo .ave 
 
 o- no gfL- a OJ 
 
 lo 3sii. eauT ai L .ul 
 
 j rtojjg dguoTtriT . 
 
 
 
 
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 noj. 
 
 L 
 
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 noil 
 
 
 
(14) 
 
 summarizes the results . 
 
 "Forty-nine districts were organized (fifty one according to lateet infor- 
 mation), and of these only twenty-five ever issued any bonce. Of those that 
 issued no bonds, none at this time has any outstanding indebtedness. Eleven 
 have been legally dissolved . Twelve have not been dissolved, although they are 
 not active. One, the Walnut Irrigation District, covering about 900 acres of 
 land in Los Angeles County, near V/hittier, has been active and successful from 
 the date of its organization andhae never defaulted in any way in payment of 
 indebtedness ." 
 
 "Of the 5 that issued bones, 7 have made some kind of a settlement and 
 have no outstanding obligations as districts at this time. Two have made settle- 
 ment, tut still have email outstanding indebtedness that either has been declared 
 illegal cr can not be found. lour have made settlement by exchanging new for old 
 bonds and are now active , and with the exception of one , whose reorganization ie 
 not yet complete and which therefore can not be judged, are active and success- 
 ful and car. undoubtedly be counted on to pay both bonds and interest as due . 
 1- ive have compromise settlements pending. Seven have apparently been totally 
 abandoned, with no plan of settlement as yet seriously taken up." 
 
 " The lowest basis of settlement has been 30 cents on the dollar, 
 
 and the highest between 80 cents and 90 cents. Several compromised at 50 cents." 
 
 A list of the districts organized in California, the acreage included, 
 bonds voted, bonds issued, and bonds outstanding; also the statue of tne districts 
 is given in Appendix A. So great was the diversity of conditions encountered 
 by the districts that a generalization regarding them is very unsatisfactory . 
 The agricultural justification varied, being in some cases entirely lacking. 
 Ihere was a great diversity, also, in the cotives of tne organizers and in their 
 ability; many districts were mere promotion scnemes from which the promoters 
 expected to withdraw at the opportune time and leave the settlers to pay the bills, 
 '.'any districts were, however, honestly conceived, organized and managed . In 
 orcer to precent the conditions for each district so that a fc eneral conclusion 
 may be arrived at, accounts of the operations of individual districts are 
 presented in Appendix B, and the factors tending to affect the success or 
 failure of the districts will be next discussed. 
 
, S.T 
 
 -"' ..a-Y*" 10 
 
 - . 
 
 nev..-.. . . ::.. :;0 n , a&nod or. 
 
 91- 8 X /I . isvI03rU;; \ 
 
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 rac ' . -raiJ-J-iii ' -u8rr , \jnuoO xl i .: 
 
 "io Jni- Msvan . ait}- 
 
 ". J-fsb.ut 
 
 :t 10* 1 
 
 ..'.bnjsd-acruo OH sv*ii 
 i>9'* ^ai-yo lie 
 
 3VBrf 1UO I . 
 
 2-c --ao lo aoxJ-qaoxe jiii- .-> -B won ais b;. 
 
 -33 ,u^ scf J-oit aea sioleio. ,ron 
 
 :a afanocf iiJ-ca tnuoo Q lt-1 
 
 X-CJ-' e 6 ...... :sq a^aamslJ-. 
 
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 I i 
 
 3io g;ij- , jaiiriOii-b . . L& a&t lo 
 
 8 ^' oaJLs i/iaibnjSiTa.ri.'e -.jiirjocf bn 
 
 08 
 
 j- ys 
 
 _ 
 
 io 3svj. . w * ni.oalB ,YJ"i8'i9vi 
 
 a * 10 - -:ij-omo-' . lib ipttv . 
 
 . ' 
 
 ^0 ,b8ViQO00 \lc 
 
 ) JOJLS.- -:ol anc .210 
 
 ,aqo e;.. 
 
 10 83600^-5 e. 
 
 . 
 
(15) 
 
 III. Die cues ion jof_ the Causes o_f_ Failure. 
 
 In presenting and discussing the history of a movement, the phases 
 to be presented must be selected with reference to the purpose for which the 
 compilation of facts wae made and to what is expected to be accomplished. In 
 the present c'ase the aim is to present the history of the districts in an 
 unbiased manner cut the motive underlying the attempt is the desire to show how 
 and *hy the districts proved successful or unsuccessful . This being the case 
 the accounts of the activities of the districts (Appendix B) have laid greatest 
 stress upon those phases of tr.eir operation which were most intimately connected 
 with their success or failure. Having thus presented the facts in the case, 
 the next step will be to attempt to analyze these facts and draw from them some 
 conclusion regarding the general fearibility of the irrigation district form of 
 organization. 
 
 . 
 
 "ature jj-f prompt ion. 
 
 In examining the formation of an irrigation district the first sub- 
 ject to receive attention is the nature of thepromotion; that is, the personnel 
 of the promoters, and tneir motives in promoting the organization. It is obviously 
 a matter of very serious import to any new enterprise whether its organization is 
 brought about by those wno have an honest desire to work for the lasting success 
 of the enterprise, or by those who merely desire to enrich tnemselvee quickly at 
 the expense of others and to leave the burdens to be borne by the less fortunate 
 or leec wary. So alco is it a matter of concern whether those in charge of a 
 movement are men of business ability sufficient to cope with its problems and 
 difficulties, or are nen of mediocre ability who have not had sufficient 
 experience in large business affaire to enable the.-.", to handle the work at hand. 
 

 nl 
 
 ao.i. i.v lot oaoc'iijq I -5 sa d 1 ?^. . be.-: ' : 0^ 
 
 nl . - co 
 
 flfi . . .1 eaj- ai-uj 1 
 
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(16) 
 
 There are thus two lines of distinction to be drawn as regards the 
 
 -.he Lifcas *ists. irri^.a'isr. 1-iftt.rict (8xa 1 
 promotion of the districts: (1) the purpose of the promoters, and (2) their 
 
 ability . 
 
 in* district. Irv told trsir *.o ift* 
 
 Purpose _o promoters . 
 
 As to purpose the promoters of irrigation districts can be separated 
 
 whc oi*e*d ir^a trails oi loccJ *hi *. .\ cf ,i'.t 
 
 into two general classes: tnoee who desired to organize a district and secure 
 uater with which to improve their land with a view to fanning it more efficiently, 
 
 -' 
 
 and those who vished to organize a district in order that they might sell lands 
 jc-i'ti for ** 
 
 to new settlers and thus derive a large pecuniary profit. Under the first class 
 
 were usually found the holders of small tracts of land who wished to adopt more 
 intensive methods of farming, although it was net confined to them for many owners 
 
 of large tracts were honestly desirous of making the districts successful. 
 
 a.- (.<<-.; as A Cirttrnct r . r rir-.r '.n*.?;' waifc 
 
 The organization of the Valnut Irrigation District, near Rivera, Cali- 
 
 fornia, was by men of this type. The district is small and the holdings in 
 email tracts. Each owner has developed his land to a very high degree so that 
 
 -Y V.T 5T r.'.C'Jt. f. 
 
 the average land value within the district is about $2,000 per acre. The 
 Glencora Irrigation District and the Pomona Orange Belt Irrigation District 
 
 C t- * i 
 
 also were organized by men of this class but have not been successful because 
 
 of lack of water supply . 
 diffiotu r.icr rucc eonaltioaH 
 
 The second claee included the many different groups which expected to 
 derive some excessive pecuniary advantage from organization. Owners of water 
 rights and reservoir sites often took a prominent part in the organization of 
 districts in order to unload tneir holdings . A striking example of this was the 
 case of the Big Rock Creek Irrigation District, in Los Angeles County. In this 
 instance a group of Los Angeles men filed claims upon Big Rock Creek for a large 
 quantity of water. !Co actual water right was obtained by use or otherwise, but 
 an irrigation district was soon after formed and the promoters were paid t 75,000 
 

 
 vie e-. 
 930;: . (I) : :io sd lo 
 
 e .j !_ s^ocriui 
 
 2b B 
 
 ,Tj.L : -v JB riJ . . iw h^i 
 
 3b.Xi: I .C. r .w . , . . to rti J-Qi'ir^ib s esiars^io o 
 
 i> tanit 9u- tybaU . tilo /XTeia eu.i^ on *a oi- 
 
 iJJ 8T3W 
 
 ::v/o \n. Uioo Jon s i lo aooa^sm svient- 
 
 y.'iJ jai;u;ii: lo ai/o'j- sd-osic- 1 
 
 ' liil Jip'ftl*;..' anJ lo ."joi. 
 
 on ILema si i-oiiirail) arf? . eqx* airiJ 1 lo fieic x^ ""** .fliniot 
 v 'i^ev e od- bnal ai.i beqolavab asa -xanwo . 
 
 . .i Teq J-JJ-O^B ai joi'. stiJ" 
 
 it'll J-. . . . 
 
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 txbioa 
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 o: 
 
 
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 lo .10. . 
 
 
 
 
 
 I 
 
(17) 
 
 for their alleged righte, the payment being made in bones of the district. 
 
 In the case of the Linda Vista Irrigation District (San Diego County) 
 it is said that the owners of water righte and reservoir sites were the prime 
 movers in the organization of the district. They sold their holdings to the 
 district for $160,000 in bonds, of which sum, it is charged, the directors 
 received about (40,000 as a bonus. 
 
 In many cases those who owned large tracts of land which was of little 
 value without irrigation, were active in the organization of districts as a 
 
 > 
 
 means of rendering their land saleable. One of the best illustrations of this 
 motive for promotion was in the case of the Rialto Irrigation District, situated 
 about four miles west of the city of San Bernardino. A corporation known as 
 the Semi Tropic Land & Water Company owned about 30,000 acres of land for 
 which it had paid not over (25 per acre. Into this tract it brought settlers 
 and as soon as possible organized a district. A contract was made under which 
 the company was to construct and turn over to the district certain pipelines 
 together with certain water rights in exchange for $500,000 worth of bonds. 
 Meanwhile the company sole land at about ^200 per acre or about eight times the 
 price at which it had been acquired. The plan was clearly to have the district 
 do the work of improvement ir. order that the company might reao the benefit. 
 This form of promotion was very common throughout the state and led to much 
 difficulty for the officers of the districts organized under euch conditions 
 were mere puppets in the hands of the real promoters and the contracts entered 
 into were usually very one-eided. 
 
 The Alleseandro Irrigation District was formed by promoter* for the 
 purpose of selling both land and water righte. The Bear Valley Company interests 
 secured a large tract of land which they sold out at several times its cost and 
 then brought about the organization of the Irrigation Die^rict to which they 
 sold for 765,000 in bones the right to buy water, a right which afterwards 
 
(vi) 
 
 ..toii.?3Jca add- to abnotf ni ^ 3i.,r , afd^l- bssall*? "tiartt 
 
 -' - fli 
 
 .jii ittfjEwr lo eaJ J'jBiiJ' bl^a ai Ji 
 
 liedJ- Jloa YSiiT . Jo-ii-faxis atit lo ncxj;sirt^io ehj ni aisvoa 
 ii., jij- .oa^iijao el J-i .asus a si aw 'io , aonod rti 000,. /J J-siij-sib 
 
 .atraoa ^ SB CK30,0*|i J-t/ode bevx 
 e- 1o ajojati 1 a^iul ij^n -o o.^v ssoii^ aaaao \n& al 
 
 ditiw ,iioXv f '>:; : jX'ni . 
 
 j-393 eiiJ- ^o a0 .8ld^al^.i bajsl jiooJ- gn. 
 
 . -Til ojIiiF. auj lo oajao sur nx S^MT noij-omoit 
 
 3 A . ned fus3 to ^-i- c s^J 1 lo d-aea aalin 
 
 ^ .02 d-uodv?! tortwo ^njaqmoO IJ-JB/ 4 iaojej oiqo'iT Jtme2 
 
 jo/'iJ 1 3.Lij oJrtl . aioi Sjj) TSVO ton J.LBC ofii ^i >1; 
 
 si a-ew , . .J-.yiaj.aii, B b8sx;iji ci io aioiaaoq ae nooa as boa 
 
 aaniis- . , JflB j-ow Jea"i -j^ i. us i..j 
 
 > riJ-xow 00 lo't aaBriDxe nl . istev nieJ-ieo rid-i 
 
 Juocfji 10 snoa i : Jb.tel olOT ^riBqaoo ariJ- 
 
 ^ &J3ii J-i :.: 80X10 
 
 i to jiio',7 adJ- Ofc 
 
 ao. -. 
 
 tebitw besi . . j- lo B- 
 
 . bS' - :j 0X1*1: 
 
 ...... . , , 
 
 -:oq 
 
 914/393 
 
 . 
 
 
(18) 
 
 proved worthless. 
 
 It seems now quite obvious that enterprises launched by such pro- 
 moters could not, as a general rule, te expected to be carried through to the 
 advantage of anyone except the promoters themselves . Sometimes even these 
 
 gentlemen lost money for reasons to be mentioned later .on. 
 
 The It " PI" '^.e ; - *-a organized ifl ^' 
 
 Ability jtf promoters . 
 
 Many grades of business ability were found among the promoters. In 
 the majority of the districts those in charge were fanners almost entirely 
 unfamiliar with the handling of large projects and quite naturally these managers 
 failed when placed in charge of the issuing of several hundred thousand dollars 
 worth of bonds and the construction of large irrigation systems. The difficulty 
 was made greater by the fact that the system of election of directors by the 
 districts did not always bring the beet men to the front. As each district was 
 divided into precincts and one director chosen from each precinct, it was not, 
 as a rule, possible to get the best ;r.en of the district as might perhaps have 
 been done under a system of election at large . It is true that the Act provides 
 that districts may at the time of organization, provide for the election of 
 cirectors at large, but this was done in very few cases. 
 
 Although in general the officials of the districts were not well 
 fitted for the task before then, in quite a number of cases the districts did 
 have excellent management. Mere this was the case the affairs of the districts 
 were far more economically administered than with the average district and the 
 outcome was made lees disastrous. 
 

 
 bevorrq 
 
 -OTUT uo*je Y^ berioiiusl jaux-u;- amesa J"! 
 
 : sliTI 1. - J8 OB ,.fO 
 
 KQV Bomx.fa'ioS .a enit J-qeoxa enox"JS lo- 
 
 .ao.iet^I benoitne>i:: sd o^ aoe9T TO! ^e^ora Jaol 
 
 . 'j^ ! 
 
 jnonie Dftuol 979* '^jfeliujss saauirii; 1o 390*13 v. 
 ataonBi ai&y dg'tpuo nx aaorij vtQs.i$3l.b *ai 'lo 
 .jjs-n 93iup bofi ajoatoir SJTB! lo 
 
 jv63 lo ^-tw^ai 3 -tt ^ s^iKiio ai oeoslq nedw belisl 
 ^a :oiJi ini ^disl lo noiJoinJanoo enJ- fln*j aonoa lo fiJiow 
 i ^o noiJ-jalo lo ae.,*!i2 suf S.~tf jojil attf A^cf IQJBST^ aba assar 
 
 as./ ^Jto riaj39 &A . d-noT; saJ o- nem J-aocf sil* 3runci 8^*1* *on bib a^ax-xJ-sii) 
 
 ,j. Ji ,Jonxr. j JTIOT! rtagcui:: i: ; eo JOB sJoniotnq oj: ~/ib 
 
 j^-t* 11 3J; '' *oi''- io narn i'aeJ eAJ" ;f&3 oi^ aldia^oq ,elin ^ ae 
 
 i-jsrid' euii' ex J*I . .oele 10 caela^ B let .ob a 
 
 lo Ie afij nol e;,. ic lo auxl eiid- i'ja ^Btn ^J^x^if.".xb 
 
 .2 jl ^av nx anon 3i>w axfuf j-ui ,s^*uel j-;: STOJ -j 
 
 -.xoxllo s^J- i/jiun:) , ni riau 
 j *o 'loiirar.i e 9^_ . 
 
 3J3VV 8X . . 
 
 ruo 
 
(19) 
 
 Jue t i f i cat ion . 
 
 The nature of the promotion of a district may have a very potent 
 effect on its success tut it is quite conceivable and even probable that there 
 should be districts which, because of unfavorable physical or economic conditions, 
 might fail not matter how good the ability and purpose of the promoters might be. 
 The large number of failures among the irrigation districts organized in California 
 lead? ue to attempt to judge of the justification which existed for their forma- 
 tion. This is a very hard point to decide ir. a satisfactory manner and among 
 those who are most familiar with the history of district operations few would 
 be found to agree on this point. Certain it is that many districts lacked the 
 water necessary to irrigate the land included within their boundaries. Such 
 districts, of course, were disastrous failures. But many districts had both 
 the land and the water, and yet were not able to successfully carry out their 
 plans, and from this it seems that there were other important factors to be 
 considered which were either overlooked, underestimated or disregarded. Let 
 ue consider the various factors, dividing them into two Croups: (1) agricultural 
 factors , and (2) economic factors. 
 
 Agricultural f actors . 
 
 The first thing to be considered in planning an irrigation system is 
 the land available , for if it be not of a quality suitable to the crops to be 
 raised, the expenditure of money and effort in securin fc an irrigation system 
 will be uselessly made . The area and topography of the land must also be 
 considered but they are of primary importance in connection with the cost of 
 cutting the land under irrigation and will therefore be considered under that 
 head . 
 

 .;. i^u 
 
 , . ' ' ..." 10 3'. -lT 
 
 *x Jx 3L-.i aeeoo.. 
 
 ,3i; . [ij3-IOV.t ItlU lo j-7yi:090' ,49 9^ bit. 
 
 .t,, tuq bra: vJ-xj-xa* ouJ boo c , wod le^J-iun ton List 
 
 stojcT^^io noiw.a ;J:'nJ: -. jiiu; aeiuIJLB'i lo nactaum egiol 
 
 . ..i TO! osJ-sixa tioinw noiJ-Boxlxd-aut *** ^o asbi/L o^ Jt; 
 
 ^-... :u a ni e. -tan nev a si nirlT . noit 
 
 fal. , qo Jo- . io ^Toi'ax^ ed* lUi'* rtailiiiiBl Jaora e aao.lj 
 
 rid" b ;uflr! JBriJ- ax Ji ai/iJ-teO .tnioq ai;it no 0913^ oJ - cf 
 
 iio:. . . .: . . : \f nitifinr beut'Ioni bnfil 9fi^ 9J-fl: i J:'nx oJ- Y7iE33&oon " 
 .xb ^ja&iTt tuti. .3e^i!Ii^l SA; ib aiaw .saiuoo lo ,So- 
 
 "IXb.lJ" ^ L" - ' 3W J"s)V j^' 
 
 jasl J-ft^J-ioqf.ii Toaj-o aia.r aigaJ- J-e^J 1 ^meea ii sxnJ moil ; 
 
 J18XB TO C; :.ibi.' .bo^OOlTQVO 'Icjiij'xe >: (j\ .ini:v,v 
 
 --i . . joi.i owtf oJ.-i- . ( ori* 'i- aw 
 
 oJunonood (S) bos ; aio . 
 
 x t 
 
 'J 3CfOTO t: . JS 10 'on 9- 
 
 : - . . ':.a098 liX J-10I . 
 
 90 
 
 J'soo 9... iiojci'oeafloo nx aooeJ'io to 9^J8 
 
 10 bs-iaix'.: .olsneiiJ- Hi* b:i*j ff . u<T 
 
 . 
 
(20) 
 
 In the California irrigation districts the greater part of the land 
 was in practically all cases well suited to irrigation and could, with irrigation, 
 have been mace to yield good crops. In many cases, it ie true, the land vac not 
 
 well suited to the crops which the farmers intended to raise, but probably in 
 
 ,, , , ... . '*e. ; - * , ., , . , . , 
 no case was the land unfit for raising crops of some desirable kind if water could 
 
 be placed upon it. The fact that in many cases the farmers did not know what 
 crop was best adapted to the soil conditions led to difficulties in making agri- 
 culture pay, but once the lesson had been learned and a proper crop selected, the 
 land was in all cases adapted to irrigated agriculture . 
 
 In the matter of water supply, however, the case was very different, 
 
 
 and to the difficulty encountered in securing a water supply was due the failure 
 of many districts. 
 
 In southern California, especially, the water/supply was limited and 
 the construction work necessary to obtain it was exceedingly expensive. Further- 
 core , almost all cf the available supply was already owned or claimed and liti- 
 gation almost invariably followed any attempt to secure a water supply. A few 
 examples will serve to illustrate the difficulties encountered by southern 
 
 I" *" 
 
 California irrigation districts in attempting to secure water supplies. 
 
 The Otay Irrigation District in San Diego County employed James D. 
 fci.uyler, C. E., to report on a plan to impound water in the mountains and convey 
 it to the district, a distance of 48 miles, he reported that it would cost not 
 lese than $1.200, COO or about 427 per acre. This was more than the district 
 felt able to pay and the plan was abandoned . 
 
 The Ferris Irrigation District and Allessandro Irrigation District 
 bought "water rights" from the Bear Valley Irrigation Company for i3C (in bonds) 
 per acre. The water rights entitled the districts to buy^ ater from the company, 
 but as the company could not supply the water contracted for, the district's 
 received nothing valuable in return for their bonds. 
 

 ( tto J: j ;: ji.Tu 'V> *' , 
 
 i Bimo 1 tiID a;i ni 
 
 i ITIX oi Hsvr IJLa ' 'iq ni 
 
 i Ji ,Esai:o \yiJ3i.i nl . aqoio b^ iv of suem a9.cf 
 
 .a oiii" ol i>j"ii;3 
 
 7 ii bi:i io aqoTo ; ; ilru; bosl euj- ^---w ttso on 
 
 3-ij 3^- .i"jc auqw bsatlq scf 
 
 oJ- osl anoi-ibnoo lies sa^ o^ bfeJqjebjB tz&d 3* qoio 
 & DOB joni^al HSSJ b*.i .ioa: aono Juo jX 84 ? 9iUjJU;o 
 
 j i o3 L. lift nl BBAT boel 
 
 ,x- rc t ! - ijr - I 
 
 as-\>r \L . . oj on* 
 
 .aJoiiJai lo 
 
 c^ v -w oty- , . ,siiolilBO oa til 
 
 .' , 
 
 -ixil uiix. b sir:!-. la io benwo v. . . li^vs artf lo lie Jaonjl/j , . 
 
 >.w A 81W093 oJ ; lo'i Y-t^'i'^vfli isot 
 
 goi^Iuol* ; li oj avnas Ili'.v . ..xs 
 
 eiwoaa od- ^.. ITU ^i 
 
 , ^ . 
 
 : taj 
 
 ,. 
 
 
 .tioqon- . . to eoflfi, , 
 
 ,.g .0 t o3 
 
 ji 
 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 . 
 
 ae td 
 
 31 
 
(21) 
 
 Still another difficulty was encountered by the Grapeland Irrigation 
 
 District, situated near San Bernardino, and the Vineland Irrigation District, 
 
 <"- 
 
 situated near Los Angeles. These districts attempted to secure water by driving 
 tunnels under a stream bed; the Grapeland district under the bed of Lytle Creek, 
 
 and the Vineland district under the San Gabriel River. In each case the district 
 
 ; a ir. ! .6 
 
 sunk a tunnel at great expense but was restrained by owners of rights to the 
 
 water of the stream above from taking the water developed by the tunnel. 
 fli i. . rurniMWc c-y >-~<avure t anc Tces. -* 
 
 In Antelope Valley several districts were organized but could not 
 secure adequate water supply because of inadequate and uncertain rainfall on 
 
 the watersheds. 
 
 *pAft fr t.'.c- COPI - 
 In the San Joaquin and Sacramento Valleys the difficulty of obtaining 
 
 water was less universal. In the Sacramento Valley the supply was abundant 
 
 i p.T*r fri... 
 
 and also in aany of the districts of the San Joaquin Valley, but in the dis- 
 tricts situated in the southern end of the last named valley the water supply 
 was very scanty. For example in the Poso Irrigation District and the Kern & 
 Tulare Irrigation District, both located near the present town of Delano, an 
 
 adequate water supply was not available. So, also, in the Huron Irrigation 
 
 * e> 
 
 District and the Sunset Irrigation District, both situated on the west sice of 
 the valley near the present village of huron . The Tipton Irrigation District 
 and the Tule River Irrigation District, situated near the town of Tulare, were 
 unable to secure an adequate water supply because of the opposition of riparian 
 
 owners on the Tule River. The i:adera Irrigation District at Uadera, met with 
 irvtj ory .... 
 
 opposition from liiller & Lux who owned riparian rights on the iresno River and 
 took steps to restrain diversions of water by the district. 
 
 Thus is a large majority of the districts water was either not available ' 
 at all or only at a prohibitive cost. This shortage of water was a most impor- 
 tant factor in determining the feasibility of the projects and was one of the 
 main causes of failure anong the districts . However tnere were many districts 
 

 nc.. j isittoua II- 
 
 jruelonj "UTian 1C 
 
 ..-oraea aoj T -is 
 
 ydJ- ;5sd mfle-xJa B -usbnu alo 
 
 ... ;^ tonfl 
 
 3* i-ud e. J'fiaiii 3-JB 
 
 "il avodfl ,rjsiaij-a aitt lo 
 ..-; Iflievaa yoUx* eqoiyj^i nl 
 
 9JJBJp8JOi.ni 10 C . 3OT SI 
 
 ;XBJ cfo tQ \tlusLllii uBioeS JHU: nii/p<0u a, nl 
 
 .3 fll .16810^4-.,^ 33 = 1 
 
 ^uiAro! ;J- lo ai"ox-. LI x oals boa 
 
 yl . iJ- "io bne ms. ; lit 
 
 ' 9 i . \j 8JBW 
 
 as laaj-i;^ 
 
 no.. . 
 
 \c 
 i; . ic ;; ; \8lIjiV Qfit 
 
 . 
 flf?i'. . 
 
 on :>..-.. 
 
 a ^ooj 
 
 , 
 
 aew 1 +o 
 
 .X- rt ItmJD -V C 
 
 .) a.io . 
 
 - 
 
(22) 
 
 which had an abundant water supply available and excellent land, so that we must 
 look for still other factors to account for all the failures. 
 
 Economic fact.org . 
 
 A second group of factors to be considered in determining the 
 feasibility of an irrigation project are those connected with the use by man 
 of the land and water supply furnished by nature, and these we may call 
 economic factors. These factors, taken together, really amount to the ques- 
 tion as to whether or not the benefits to be derived from irrigation will be 
 
 - \mr>4 
 great enough to compensate for the cost of securing them, and to determine this 
 
 point the coet must first be considered. 
 
 The coet of securing a water supply and putting the land under irri- 
 gation varied greatly in the different districts . In southern California 30 
 per acre was not considered excessive, while in the Sacramento and San Joaquin 
 
 *'ii. Places JJPOJL 
 
 Valleys (5 to (10 per acre was a very usual estimate. Practically all of the 
 districts which actually attempted to secure water counted on spending an amount 
 intermediate between these two figures. The benefit from this expenditure was 
 to come from an increased productiveness of the land under irrigation with a 
 consequent increase in market value and marketability. Although theoretically 
 
 '* ~ i ' * " & " n a> 
 
 the increased productiveness is the controlling factor, in practice the increased 
 marketability and selling price are in most cases quite as important for with a 
 change from dry farming to irrigated agriculture it becomes necessary for each 
 farmer to handle a smaller tract of land and thus land is thrown on the market. 
 If such land can be readily sold at a fair figure, well and good, but if it 
 cannot the farmer is obliged to retain more land than he can efficiently handle 
 so that the full benefits of irrigation are not felt in such a case . 
 
 The factor, then, which r.ust balance the cost of securing irrigation 
 is the increased demand for the irrigated land. This demand depends upon three 
 

 .. baa 
 
 jooc oj- sToJ-oal leiiwO IliJg 10": xool 
 
 , Lanoo so oJ a-iojojul lo qifCi a bnooea A 
 
 t- .' 3 ' !tc ! oi*B^imi as lo 
 
 BO '.irl xiqqca Tei'iwr art* bojel 8ii^ lo 
 
 - . i ^IJjsei . i ,sioJ3l 889iiT .aio^ojsl oimonooe 
 
 ad Hi ad oJ- i'on no i;. oJ 3* noil 
 
 iU 3a oJ 1 doc ,cisrlj gniiuosa lo j^oo ari^ 10! eJ-aaneqmoo oJ ii^t'ona 
 
 , faa oo s4 faiil iaux d'soo erii 
 
 -i lo d-^oo srfT 
 
 - .10'liL .. ; -uoa al . 8J-;.. 8i* 1 YlJ-flSl^ boiiev n<- 
 
 ni,' - si ;-.'.:;, : .!c.. : 
 
 ,1*1 . 8J/i...iJao iBL'su '^sv snoa isq 01$ ot 5$ 
 
 im< iuoo T: .v'osa oj M xlIsujaK rioiii^r aJ . , . 
 
 .... . ow daeii^ neawJ'sc 
 
 . 3 iiii i .:tBl si- 66aea-jo;u ive moil &tioo oJ- 
 
 .JJji vi- .' . .i J6i 
 
 .ii , to.- 
 
 B 
 
 
 
 
 
 rteo 
 
 
(23) 
 
 closely related factors: (1) the demand for the products of the district, 
 (2) the number of people in it, , and (3) the number of settlers available. 
 In organizing the California irrigation districts it seems to have been usually 
 assumed that the demand for the products would be always as great as tne supply; 
 that the presence of only a small population was no drawback, and that any 
 number of settlers vrere ready, willing and anxious to come in and pay high 
 prices for land within the districts. In inoet cases the first and third of 
 these factors did not have much direct effect for the districts did not get to 
 the point where they had either products or improved land to sell. A resident 
 in big Rock Creek Irrigation District, when asked what crops were being raised 
 in the district, replied: "Well, we were raising more hell than a..y thing else. 
 He could do that to a finish." In those districts, however, there the work was 
 
 ; 
 
 completed and water applied to the land, tnese factors did operate powerfully. 
 Take, for example, the Tulare Irrigation District. An abundant water supply 
 was places upon the lands of the district but the hard times of 1693 with low 
 prices of farm products made the returns of the farmers so small that tr.ey felt 
 obliged to default on the payment of interest upon the bonds and the district 
 
 - '- " f t .*.-;.! , -i- *. I ' - j ttV -3Wlif- "- 1 ' 
 
 found itself in very hard straits. Land would not sell and tne farmers, expecting 
 to loee their farms, would make no improvements. They finally overcame their 
 difficulties by raising a voluntary assessment of (273,000 and paying the bonds 
 at 50 cents on the dollar . 
 
 The number of people in the districts also proveu to be an important 
 factor for during the period of construction the payment of current expenses and 
 of interest on bonds was a very heavy burden and where the number of landowners 
 was small each had to pay a. heavy tax upon land which was yielding little return. 
 A rather amusing instance snowing the difficulty of raising funds by assessment 
 in a district where the land is sparsely settled ana of a low market value, was 
 disclosed by an examination of the letter file and minute book of the Sunset 
 

 -fljbuiac 3*tf (I) is-ioJarl betelei 
 . o . ,4-i .U 3j[qosq lo necf.iujn sad 
 
 Xllcuau nead 3v. ; Ji ad-oil;)- sic no is *%iiti aJtoiolilsO s.\i- ^iusinB^io al 
 
 ;TJ!I g i-aaT 3 3ju a^awla aJ i,Lj ;;..< aj-j.-'uc-^! t*dj io'l Jaaeraei; arti 1 J*fi* 
 
 Yf..- OJB ,;. ... llsffis x. \Ino lo aoneaaic acid- J-eii? 
 
 : owe:) od sue: , ^bssi aTraw neLrj-aa lo -isaaujn 
 
 oai- aeajBo J-sois nl . ajoiijsia s*i* axfid'x.T fcnal icl 3eoi^q 
 
 oJ- i-3^ ion isio . .': joa^le fsoiio dotfti sv^.i J-on jit aiolo; "t 
 
 d-nebiaei /. .lisa oJ onfll o:voit.v.a ic atoubaif\ leiUia aan \iid an ail* i'aioq 
 
 ae .-. 5Tew aqoio . neiiw , i-ajLtiajta ftoi^jsjiiil iesiG ^ooH yjta ni 
 
 .eala iisJU;T eia* ew ,IIe>?" lijailqaT .Joiii^ib 94J i 
 
 asw ji*xov vawoii .aiaii. . nl ".fiainxl oj iaoJ ob faluoo aW 
 
 . yllt . "ieqo jib aiojoi:! e . ocf bsxlqci laJBKsr boa faadalqmoo 
 
 Orx . J d'iluT eiic ,aiq;cX9 lol.e^BT 
 
 we ' il lo riufluj ^ - .; ^iJ 'to abrusl SiiJ noqw baoalq SJBW 
 
 ilal \ j 'to amuJari ati^ abjsun ajouao-iq ffiael lo aa 
 
 >jq arid- ao tiuf\9'o o.: .Cio 
 
 , anotuij 1 -:.' . . .J-a Jaifjii -^iav sis. lleaJx 0=.; 
 
 \L . . liiow ,enrifll :. . o^ 
 
 saJ- AC a . 
 , ^ slqoaq lo lalsnun : . 
 
 - 'io boiiaq sriJ 
 . . YI^ V a** fJoot. 
 
 ; si on.. ni 
 
(24) 
 
 Irrigation District. In preparing the assessment for the annual tax levy the 
 Assessor of the District fixed the value of the land for taxation purposes at 
 12 per acre. Almost immediately, however, letters of complaint began to pour 
 
 in upon the directors, the owners of the land stating vehemently that they 
 
 ,i . tv\ '.-.* 
 
 were willing to sell the land in question for $5 per acre and that they felt 
 (12 per acre to be an unreasonably high valuation. Tne directors were obliged 
 to lower the valuation to 16 per acre. 
 
 The fact that the districts were undertaking to develop a comparatively ' 
 
 new country had a ^reat deal of influence upon the feasibility of the projects. 
 
 \TT15 1 
 
 The settlement and development by irrigation of new land involves many difficulties 
 not known to those unfamiliar with such conditions . A great many of those 
 active in organizing irrigation districts had come not very long before from the 
 East and were entirely unfamiliar with irrigation practice. They were not 
 
 wealthy people and had usually invested practically their whole capital in the 
 
 
 
 land which they hoped to improve under the irrigation district. They did not 
 expect to v.ait long for returns ana were not in a position to do eo, and vhen 
 they found themselves unable to meet tr.eir tax payments or to make a fair living 
 on tneir land, they were obliged in many cases to abandon their holdings and move 
 away. In big Rock Creek Irrigation District a colony of several hundred people 
 dwindled away until only a few fandlies remained, ironi the Ferris Irrigation 
 District forty houses were aoved to Riverside. And so it was in many districts; 
 the inexperience of the settlers and their lack of funcis brought about disastrous 
 failure . 
 
 t inane iel and Construction Ope rations . 
 
 Plane _tp_ secure anc distribute v.ater supply . 
 
 In making tneir plane to secure water xost of the districts secured 
 the beet engineering advise available . Civil engineers of high local and even 
 
.*oii. -:tl 
 
 . ewLt-;v id eiiJ To 
 
 ioo lo :. . ,-iavevu.; . JaomlA . dio 
 
 .aio^oeiii) eaj ciotju ;tx 
 
 ertoa isq fi$ n .up ni bosl ect}- lies O 
 
 B dcf 'o 
 
 ot aoi/jRoXfiv 3iiJ- nwoi et 
 ^1. o e qolavab oiJ- ^aijiB^iabflu & - . ;io adJ ^*rf^ ^oal aT 
 
 .3J33'. : '^ oxif noqii Xjseii iBert^ js.fosrf Yid'rji/co wan 
 
 : savlovr;! bsl *fea 1.0 ctiic' t ^ i-ni \;i J-JK aimed Is ve&jboa 'ia&tolj^de eriT 
 eao.iJ- lo ^tiesn J28a A .anoiJ-xt.joo riawe .-ilimjslou eaOifir otf awoai J-on 
 
 moi't enrol jl y^sv J-OM aaioo ohn yiitx gaisiflaaTo iti 
 
 j-on ?TQY xo*iT . eoiJ-o'jBlq- noit^^lTix rl ilinifllnw \-Ieii^K6 
 
 J .:-'0 alonw lierij' .. ulLsuzu j.-'.i bn>: : j. o 
 
 .a ,03 oo oJ noxJxgoq ; 'ji IxJS'. 1 ? o, 
 
 BUS difr *io a^noK^Bc x ;^ B^vIe^KieuJ- oiit/ol ^arfi 1 
 
 ixodJ nobn i o>}- BSSBO stew ijedi ,000! ilad^ 00 
 
 &Ii" 
 
 nox .1^- taoTl . Ii?Hi; x* z*X6iwb 
 ;5J . ^x oe .gfth . aoxoiavx.'-i oj 
 
 ; tx s:^ 
 
 . 
 
 .:,; 
 
(25) 
 
 national re?uta^ion were engaged to report on the feasibility of securing water 
 e.upply and as to the beet methods to be used. It cannot therefore be said, as 
 a general thing, that the districts did not secure proper advice as to the 
 technical features of their projects, but the unsettled problems connected with 
 irrigation development in the West were then very numerous and the engineers 
 themselves had not a really adequate knowledge of the requirements for successful 
 irrigation development. Probably the greatest weakness of the engineers was 
 the excessive optimism manifested in their reports. There had been but few 
 rainfall and stream flow records kept in the early days and the available water 
 supply was more a matter of estimate than of knowledge, and perhaps quite as 
 much a matter of guess as of either. It was in the over-estimates of available 
 water supply that the optimistic engineers made many mistakes v.hich alone would 
 have caused the failure of many districts . Nor were the engineers greatly to 
 blame for such mistakes. They were called upon to make estimates of streamflow 
 for which few records were available. It therefore became necessary for them 
 to compute the run off from estimates of the watershed area and the rainfall, or 
 from the volume of water then flowing in the streams. How it so happened that 
 for several years prior to the passage of the Wright Act and to the organization 
 of the districts , there had been unusually heavy rainfall throughout California 
 and it was therefore upon these years of plenty that the engineers, in many 
 cases, based their estimates; at any rate the estimates were so mace that the 
 rainfall of succeeding years was not great enough to keep the stream flow up to 
 the estimates. 1,'or were the engineers the only ones misled by the inequalities 
 in rainfall, lor a large proportion of the people in the communities inierested 
 in irrigation had been only a comparatively short time in the state and not being 
 fai::iliar with climatic conditions, ti. ought that the abundant rainfall of the 
 later 'eighties was the usual thing. In this belief many irrigation aietricts 
 

 ^J . -0 ^jj. ..... at oJ- b is stew 
 
 :i . . j of s&orfissi Jaacf ettf o^ SB bos 
 
 : jsiils Ji> sitr j'.Eiij' ,30^1^ li^n*^ .B 
 
 jctti'!/ . . LOIP ixad^ "to 381.1/J'ae'i 
 
 3Ttj . .i? auoiyrtws ^a v ..... '^* sn> 
 
 ; . .'pafai; TjilBei a ton 
 
 aa--,- j jiij- lo ; ,.v d-as;*. [ . inefl^qol 
 
 . ..itfl jaaxnu^qo avi.-saeoxa 
 
 XllfiS S:i* i ^091 WO II 
 
 lo oea. . ij-86 to i9J-t*m sioci 
 -lave : . tJie lo SB asei/a lo tadJ'Baa & risum 
 
 '-;teiJ- 
 
 02 lo 
 
 wol'tcu. 3ts* ^6iiT . eiiiB-'siin riot'a tol aausltf 
 
 '8s*'J " .iJ 1 JI . sis* sbToosi wal tioixiw idt 
 
 'io , XL- . ot'i llo fUJi saJ- e^uqmoo aj 1 
 
 :j ti oi; J-BW lo emwlov erf^ moil 
 
 at nolle OTJBOX Ijsrteva?. r iol 
 CIslniBT yv/<: : bed aisitJ- 4 '#3Jrt*sjl>" erij- lo 
 
 oj " 
 
 faelsi,!: aeno vL-jo 0j 
 
 .. - 
 
 
 
 
(26) 
 
 were organized to cover territory for which the stream flow in dry years later 
 
 ..r -. .:.-: '.. j ;'i,;. ft turret- f "*r 
 
 proved to be practically nil. Several districts in Antelope Valley, LOB Angeles 
 County, are examples of this sort of optimism, although not, in this case, on the 
 part of engineers. 
 
 The valley is a broad plain which has in many parts excellent soil . 
 
 During the years of heavy rainfall the streams entering the valley from the 
 
 COM T^ewtr .;! uer. ..<:. -.''. a! . "...c, ..ajiC *itnl!h tr.e .-. ; 
 
 surrounding mountains furnished an abundant water supply, but when a few years 
 later the rainfall decreased, the streams became in the summer mere beds of 
 
 gravel and boulders. Six irrigation districts; namely, Neenach, Kanzana, 
 
 ,-'... :--v;. . .. X;-.e *:>! ?i*JO 01 
 
 Amargoza, Palmdale , Little Rock, and Big Rock Creek, were organized in the 
 valley. Strong internal opposition prevented the Palmdale district from doing 
 anything; the others failed for lack of water, although the Little Rock Irri- 
 gation District has since been rehabilitated and is irrigating about eight 
 hundred acres from Little Rock Creek. 
 
 In many other sections, also, districts were formed where it was 
 
 later found that the water supply was entirely inadequate. To errors in 
 
 ,-' , f. e one iv 
 
 over-estimating the available water supply may therefore be attributed the 
 failure of many of the districts . 
 
 
 
 By no means the least interesting feature of the districts' operations 
 
 _a ;or -;r.e cor* 
 
 were the extensive and elaborate systems planned. In southern California, for 
 example, the Ferris and Allessandro districts were piped to the highest corner 
 of each ten acre tract. In the Sacramento Valley the Central Irrigation District 
 planned to irrigate a tract 38 miles long and containing an area of 245 equare 
 miles. Tnie was a territory nearly one-fourth as large as the State of Rhode 
 Island. There were, in this case, 40 owners holding over half of the land in 
 the immense district, while there were in <ill only 180 landowners in it. 
 
 In the San Jo *quin Valley the Llodesto and Turlock districts joined 
 in the construction of the famous La Grange dam, built at a cost of ^550,000, 
 

 TO i \iQfs.ii*f itivco of i 
 Lb*xva3 . Lin \Llaaj.J9Bi$ 9Ci 
 
 :o *103 aiiW to aeiov-isx , V- 
 
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 xid . ate.[irocf boa 
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 . A36TJ iOOH al^i'ij :30ll 88103 
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 Slav ;:: ;3i1-js'i saj ,?i 
 
 ..J yell j 'io 
 
 .-Iq 
 
 : 
 
(27) 
 
 and from this dan each district carries water in a canal a distance of over 
 20 miles to the lands of the districts. 
 
 Long Issues . 
 
 The extensive and elaborate works planned by the districts necessitated 
 
 ; , < }!.. :. . 
 
 bond issues often in excess of the market value of the land within the district. 
 
 I- or instance, the Linda Vista Irrigation District in San Diego County, voted 
 
 bonds in the sum of fl,CGG,GOO to be secured by property worth perhaps 600, GOO. 
 
 work * i* so '.'I,:. "-.:; ir. >!-- the c/.fl.riCv* MI to r* fuatiat yriY*r*.-i- , n* r*" 
 The Sunset Irrigation District, on the west side of the San Joaquin Valley, 
 
 voted bonds in the sum of 2,000,000, while the property within the district 
 
 .*Tr.c ., of th* iorcr * -, -io\ cavtr uv to *n* E*rfc. I t i 
 
 was probably not worth over a fourth of that sum. Although the proportion of 
 
 bond issue to land value was hot in all cases so great as with these districts, 
 
 the aaount of bonds voted was usually a very generous one so that as a rule 
 
 "jUic* 'o gl fKf'^fy r .v ;-. \ -u.r 
 
 the land sold at a forced sale would not suffice to pay the bonded indebtedness. 
 
 If, however, the bonds could have been sold at par and the money 
 
 B 
 
 expended in improvements, the increased value of the land thus caused would 
 probably in most cases have furnished good protection to the bondholders, but 
 here comes in what is perhaps the most striking feature of the districts' opera- 
 
 * , . .~* 
 
 tions; namely, the insufficiency of the return received for the bonds issued. 
 
 The original law provided that the bonds could not be sold for less 
 
 -. _.fc ;^r. v..-:. >- ;ver : 
 than 90 cents on the dollar (it now requires that tr.ey be sold for at least par) 
 
 and if the bonds could have been sold for cash at that rate the tasks of the 
 districts would have been much easier, but such was not the case. Some of the 
 early districts organized prior to 1890 did succeed in selling their bonds for 
 
 cash but the majority of the districts were not able to do so. In the districts 
 
 not 
 where a cash sale of bonds in the manner required by law coald be made, the 
 
 promoters developed a surprising capacity for dealings in "nigh finance" and all 
 

 
 Jtb rioia r.tf 
 v oib efil to sbocl 
 
 .Tj moil btte 
 oJ" welJLr OS 
 
 io . . 
 
 ,3; 
 
 ,. 
 
 ..J- lo euLsv J-eX-uam sitf 10 aaeoxe nj nejto BecseJ: 
 j-ov , 1 J-oiiJ-eia itoiie&iiil ^aiV tcnij 9ii* ,8on^ei 
 
 Lsito^e sd oJ 1 000,00,, 1$ ^o HIUU sriiS' fii 
 ,v, :o sbis 4"83w eitt no t ^oirieia noi^.ylTiI Jean 
 
 6.U- eliriw ,000.000,23 lo ax-o erij- ni a&ftod be^ov 
 
 teitt lo ^ij^lo'i rtevo dfiov: ton xlo'i-uoi 
 :;e 8&ai'C IIt< ni j-oa afr wl^v on*J ow ousel 
 
 \fisv JB x^^' J ' EJLf s^* beirov abnod lo ^uorsB 
 
 . ae .j erii' \aq o* eaillus J~oa o^wow sl<*8 bestol /; ^js bice bnssl. 
 
 6vsd fcJwoo abncJ sri^ .levasreii ,11 
 
 ii Biiy jeJrxeffevoiqmi ni bebnecxs 
 
 J^, , o^r o.:. 'UJl svsri 89BJ50 ^(wr. iti ijl 
 
 -. . ' i gnixi'ija j aom ftiij' aqariTeq ai g^rf? 1 / ni aeaioo 
 
 .evieosi *tti^*s xaneiailluKnl erlj ' , \Iairn janoil 
 
 ibiicd . zbivcic we I Isrtiaiio eriT 
 
 ..:Ilcc eftr no arnes 0? rterij 
 iol bics need svj&ii bli/oo sbnod adi' li 
 
 
 
 
 ijio 
 
 isw a*'.' eilt 'ie %v j ^i;d rieso 
 
 : lo e >-s JB eneriw 
 
 oleveb 
 
(28) 
 
 sorts of subterfuges were resorted to to dispose of the bonds. The act did 
 not permit the exchange of the bonds for work but in order to get the work done 
 contractors were persuaded to bid on the work and have a dummy bid for the 
 bonds, which were afterwards turned over to the contractor. Heedless to say, 
 the amount of the bid put in by the contractor in such a case was far in excess 
 of the cash price of similar work. 
 
 A transaction of the Ferris Irrigation District furnishes a striKing 
 illustration of the methods employed, and the practice of exchanging bonds for 
 work was so widespread among the districts as to be almost universal. One of 
 the former directors told of tne transaction in the following; words: 
 
 "Tne advertising of the bonds was not quite up to the mark. I thought it 
 was pretty bad management from the time I got acquainted with it. The directors 
 had their (4 per day and there was so much fuss and trouble that they had to set 
 a good many days. They were paying the secretary a good salary with little 
 duties. I think Mr. Nance was in too much of a hurry. The bonds were not to 
 be sold for less than ninety cents on the dollar and must be sold for cash. LLr. 
 Nance was trying in New York to get money and at the same time he sold bonds here 
 for money to furnish pipe, at 90 cents. The others who were after bonds thought 
 if tne bonds were to be sold for 90 cents at the start they would not be a good 
 investment. T^is put the bonds right down at the start. When I was on the board 
 (1892-1893) they wanted to put these cross pipes in and we could not sell bonds 
 for anything. Cur lawyer fixed it so that we contracted with the pipe company 
 for the pipe delivered under the ground so that it would be classed as real 
 estate. I don't suppose that was straight according to the \Vright Act." 
 : t is .iraU'sj; tii v& *'..': -at fau.led dins* -rcutly evsryvhar* 
 
 The Tipton Irrigation District, near Tulare, furnishes another good 
 
 illustration of the plan pursued. 
 
 "The bonds were taken up by the contractors at 90 cents on the dollar the " 
 sane as though they had been sold for cash and the cash turned over to the con- 
 tractors. This was in strict violation of the law and a subterfuge was used in 
 making it to appear that a certain person had bought the bonds for cash, the 
 records so showed, a bidder was procured who bid the amount at 90 cents, a 
 check was drawn by him for the amount and placed to the credit of the bond fund 
 ar.d on the same day and at the same time an order was delivered to tnis purchaser 
 for trie bonds and the nan who had the contracting got his warrant for the same 
 amount together with an assigmient of this order for the bonds." (From an inter- 
 view with an attorney of Tulare.) 
 

 . aiuto - ; til- io L CJ" oj bajioasi ersow ae^u'iiatcfue lo eJ 
 
 encb i-iow eiiJ *& oj Tajjio at ixcf ihtow 10 i sunocf orij lo ea/Ofifloxe siii J-i^ieq Jon 
 
 witf tol Did xra^b JB evjsjti OHB 3f"iow etW no bid oj befoutneq &tw eio ot 
 , \pz c$ 8B6l2v>6t . JoJc.t'iJ'noo edtf cJ nevo bem^J- aoivria*li; etew 
 ni rt*l ajBw ug0 jn rioue ni ic^o/BTUnoa eriJ- vJ i tuq bitf wiJ lo 
 
 . jiic-;' "U'limie to aoi'iq rieeo &u- tc 
 yfi. JB aeoexnru;! J o-ti.re.ca noi**ajtiil eirjie^ 6iii- lo ocid-o-.-srunl A 
 
 .waoxe 'to eoi^o^iq 6*1^ bf- ,b\clqt:e afaoixfam eu to 
 
 lo jaO .Lsai6Vini jBomlxs fed o^ a BJaiiJ-sii) eftf anci-u-. bxeiqtse^x* OB e/w Ji 
 
 sii* ni noitMBnaif aa^ lo felci- Eio^oenia -xacnol 
 
 arij oi" cu eJ.ti.-p 3-oo 8i aoaod odj- io 
 . ..- /upoj i-og I smiJ- Si-W crctt ^nac:es'nBm bud 
 
 j-68 Ow . 38fe'l fiOlJffi C8 8^W flTe.!^ 
 
 elJ-il rtfr." '(ifl^:- .Bjs-:ooe 0.1^ sni\q f: 
 
 o_* iiT . - Ic rfoisfl: ooi' oJt &K* aonell . 'ut Jtnirid' I .eeiii/i 
 
 .t'.. .. : ic'i ^lo-i sd Jaun iit/: teJIofa s*ij no sJtfso \^anin riffif sssi 10! bice ecf 
 
 eiori nbnoi bios ori emiJ er.uBe siij- ' bii \j6ii3m j-e^ c^ aioY weh fi ^tu^j SJBW 
 
 QIQW oriw 8'iexito siil 1 .aJ-nea * acric aeimtil oj- ^wt 
 
 booy ed ton biiiow xaxiJ d-ija eiiJ J* s^neo 10! bloe etf oJ- enew ebnod eii^ li 
 
 tosco s.. 3-f nwob J'itai' 4 sbnocf etij ^uc einT .^ntsffi^coviii 
 
 aiA ^0 e// Lite fti aeniq asoic eaeii.*- jwq oi beJfiB* x 81 '^ (66I-S681) 
 
 . .' tsttr bsxil teyef'I. ii0 .aaiii^^iB iol 
 
 Is- ..j CB bm-'Oij srur Tsbcu bs'ievllefc eqjfcq A<15 10! 
 
 ".j * J-jerij oeo&qjL'a J'ficfa I .eta^ae 
 
 bt H BsriBxmt'i , steliT ififif. .^airt^aiC ficxj-- d xTiI notqiT ariT 
 
 aio^o. ari}" \'J cf ne:l6w OTST ebncd silT" 
 
 -rtc - aejBO eruj- on* rieBO 10 1 blcs aed bXi \$si$ ri%uQtis a* er.i8 
 
 wtl erfcf lo rroij- -.Jo ax e/sr axriT . e-icd-o^ij- 
 
 d ;.;; .. iiijiao fBfii *isqc& CJ- JX ^nxxiT, 
 
 ^q ew tebfcicf je .iewria oe eftnoooi 
 
 bin. . . iU o* baa. K Qiit lol rairi xtf nwsib 6w ioerio 
 
 .0 nJ t-. . -** bfLC YFS SfflBB 6f& tTO fcftB 
 
 bii c SiiJ- bn* a & 10 1 
 
 ".fjuno 'it^Lio UJJB ri d^i/ i 
 
 lo \ctiQJi OB rU-iv weiv 
 
(29) 
 
 Returns for isone_Y_ expended. 
 
 With the difficulties in the sale of tends the tasks of tne districts 
 
 *J-W 
 
 were made very difficult of performance and it was made very hard for them to 
 get a fair return for the bonds issued, but this was not the only factor causing 
 unduly large expenditures. The lack of business ability among the officers of 
 the districts led in numerous instances to extremely careless expenditure of 
 
 
 
 money or bonds so that the districts did not get a fair return. The directors 
 did not hesitate to exchange large sums in bonds for land or water rights and 
 they were as a rule quite generous in allowing themselves salaries. Bonds were 
 issued by the quire and at such ruinously low rates that the districts were 
 heavily handicapped. For example in the Ferris district the bonds exchanged 
 for work are said to have brought a return equivalent to between 25 and 50 cents 
 on the dollar. 
 
 
 Such methods of financing sufficed to load a large number of the 
 districts with heavy bonded indebtedness far in excess of their ability to pay 
 and without furnishing them with completed irrigation systems. Thus they had 
 all the burdens contemplated under the Act and none of the benefits, and the 
 result is not hard to surmise; the districts failed disastrously everywhere and 
 
 but few weathered the storm. 
 
 ar-d did :?-?' in-st to irri^t* . Tfci* ei&rt s*r*d *..<* one-fifth ef u:e Iv-xi 
 
 Obstacles and hindrances Encountered . 
 
 The difficulties hinted at above might well have served to defeat the 
 objects of the distrists even if no opposition had been encountered, but opposition 
 of the sost bitter kind wasmet with from the first. The filler A Lux and other 
 interests attacked the district movement ae a whole and did everything in their 
 power to discredit the districts. 3eo . H. Llaxwell went throughout the state and 
 attempted to prevent the organization of districts and aided in litigation against 
 the districts. Every obstacle possible was placed in the way of the districts 
 

 . 
 
 . 
 to LJ-ifcneqxfc. ejjisl 
 
 vu ai osl -ia &d$ 
 
 .j saf ^.d* os abnod TO Xi- 
 aUiiioxo oJ- eJ- ion bib 
 
 jj-i . - S^S.i,i' Olwi 8J^: 6-X&V 
 
 : - 
 
 .; 10 \ . J 
 
 . 01 /i'. 
 
 ' 
 
 yw9tt riv 
 
 . . . . . n:xf 
 
 - 
 
 t ;eeirmi.'3 ocr b^jssa jofl si *i;. 
 
 . 
 
 . 
 
 >oc 
 
(30) 
 
 success by these interests. 
 
 Within the various districts there was also strong opposition . In 
 many cases , it is true, the opposition did not arise until some mistake or 
 
 ' a **J-' ~* - f -* * 1 \* f * t 
 
 delay on the part of tue district officers aroused dissatisfaction with the 
 
 methods employed, but in few cases was there an entire absence of opposition. 
 
 vary .a* in \~3&\t ri oslv ti? *.al;-jr.t :-.ui oe </-'& a iv"9 . 
 
 The Ferris Irrigation District presents the most striking illustration of the 
 
 extremes to which the opposition went, for in that district the citizens became 
 
 divided into two extremely hostile factions . The opponents of the district 
 
 .':* l^slity of toe <ii*trir*f wa* attacked in -wry*; (!': tfae u* 
 organized a quasi-military company and took the name "Knights of Labor" while 
 
 the friends of the district organized as the "Patterson Guards". Both parties 
 armed themselves and bloodshed was imminent. On one occasion three of the 
 opponents of the district were burned in effigy. The opponents engaged an 
 attorney to fight the confirmation of the bonds but the friends of the district 
 bought him off and also, it is claimed, unduly influenced the judge. Later the 
 opponents proposed to cause the arrest of the directors for some technical 
 violation of the Act, but the friends of the district forestalled them by 
 
 bringing the alleged offenders before a friendly Justice of the Peace who 
 
 ,'7ilJ :r. , IrvJL^vicji District t. Brsdiwy 164 3. 3. 174 
 
 promptly acquitted them. 
 
 Th4 Qtta ijj vipo* tn* dii'trisie uoor. ti;e KTOU& 'mt twy ha not 
 In the Modesto district many were satisfied with the old grain farming 
 
 and did not want to irrigate . This class owned about one-fifth of the land 
 in the district and organized defense associations. They attacked the legality 
 
 of the district organization and refused to pay taxes. "In 1637 the opposition 
 
 e--." - c 
 
 elected a majority of the board of directors of the district and for four years 
 
 blocked all assessments for interest due on the bonded indebtedness already 
 incurred ." 
 
 Note . 1. Adams: Distribution and Use of Viater in l.'odesto and lurlock 
 Irrigation Districts, California, p. 97. 
 
icJrrx eaeiit \d eeecoue 
 
 . ;TL'J. -I* M Bi-Oi'V^eiii EJL'CX'UBV Sitf OtKCH 1 *? 
 
 10 9jij$jsjL" area iiJ-jii; t/e* .' , wrw ei *x , eesjsa \. 
 
 Jxw noxJawl8XJ.Ba8Xi< M stsaxlio Joirtj .,? io J"iflQ 6iJ no \t 
 
 laoai eaJ 
 efE. . .lileib i'iiiij nx io'l ^nsw uoiliaoqqo buJ 1 doxriw o 
 
 -T . BI: .:Jeoii \Xa-aen-xe OWJ oJnj Isfcxvlfc 
 
 i" 3taea edi ipoJ' i)f. GO 
 
 D8*xnjB^io JoiiJexfc adj lo abnoxil 
 
 1*000 .jftenimmi aew beiiefaoolcf brt aevIsemfcM* 
 
 ite e, r nonoi . :aw loxiJ'aii) arid' lo c^nenocqo 
 
 iex~l suJ- Jus^ etonca srii lo noxJiKiilnoo sd* ^rijiil oi' 
 
 boonai _. i ex , oolfc brw llo miri 
 
 a 10! j- eeo o^ baeoqoiq eJnocqqo 
 
 belXj-Jeertol JL . lo e: jrrf Jt-j ,Ja4 eri^ lo 
 
 o;iw eojBe 4 ! 8iiJ io eoxJ-euL xlonui- io faegell* eri^ 
 
 .mead bej^xupojs Y-- 
 ^nxr bio e.lj 1 jtMv/ aexlax.'j-;s j'iew Y * 1 ^ jox-uexfa ciseboK aiU 1 I 
 
 ii't-ono Jjjodjs bertwo selo &^ . ^je^iTii oJ J;w ton- bib bn* 
 
 . . nnox^^iooBB*- tu: -ngTo brut J: ax 
 
 SflJ 10 
 
 1 
 
 - II* i 
 
 . 
 
(31) 
 
 *<i- -va U..Y no ptJLndJUi.i .r< ..<*..?$. cuvi ;;r; july \* , . 
 
 Quite naturally the principal weapon of the opponents of the districts r 
 
 was litigation, for as a rule those who opposed the districts were the large 
 
 landowners who felt aggrieved that their land should be taken into a district 
 
 >! to* aoad ittua* %.* .. v . Tb 
 
 without their consent. To trace the course of this litigation would require a 
 
 very extensive treatise in itself and only the salient points can be given here . 
 
 JLF99 , 
 
 The litigation was, in general, directed against the legality of the districts' 
 organization and the validity of the bond issues . 
 
 The legality of the districts was attacked in two ways: (1) the law * 
 xc.-;a- f .8t for ooreiaersctem r #i mthcr.itd ty 4fe A*i. Thi \^\ no'.ru 
 was attacked as unconstitutional, and (2) the individual districts were claimed 
 
 to have failed to follow the law as enacted. 
 
 The constitutionality of the Act was upheld by the state courts at all 
 "' ' : ~ i.4*tr&tffc tbc c : -..-.' ; re 
 
 times but on July 22, 1895, Judge Ross of the U. S. Circuit Court held the law 
 
 to be unconstitutional on the ground that landowners were deprived of their 
 
 'p" n.'iich in rau'i-. t. K nu-i 9^.' \nt> r...-; - * ay 
 
 property without due process of law. This decision, of course, stopped all 
 
 activity in such districts as had survived the panic of 1893 until the Supreme 
 
 " i iiFy 't'.r>--- V. 
 
 Court of the United States decided November 16, 1896, that the Act was constitutional 
 (Fallbrook Irrigation District v. Bradley, 164 U. S. 174). 
 
 The attacks upon the districts upon the ground that they had not 
 complied with the law in the details of organization were often successful and 
 
 in some cases districts which had been active for several years were declared to 
 
 r~ 
 have never teen legally organized and therefore never legally existent. Such, 
 
 was the decision in the case of the San Jacinto and Pleasant Valley Irrigation 
 District. T:.is district was organized in 1891, disposed of $225,250 in bonds, 
 constructed irrigation works, delivered water for two or three years, but in 
 1899 a suit was brought to have the district declared illegally organized. The 
 directors, thinking that tne bondholders would be obliged to defend the suit, 
 failed to make any defense . Tne bondholders nad not been raaae parties to the 
 

 1 ato. . 'io BJ. ..J Io ooq^s* Icqioniiq e 
 
 ,o 
 
 e - 
 
 orfw 
 j oT .^neaneo lieiti 
 
 a 
 
 evian&lxe 
 
 eriT 
 
 ewiT 
 
 j ; 
 .LI en* 
 
 . . .is 
 
 *s- -o x*-^-- 1 it> 
 
 .eevr; .: arij 1 
 
 w^ 's 
 
 aiew aJ-oii. , 
 
 .b&J-ofin& ae w#I otU wollcl c* beliel awui 
 - .. -J e*w . 
 
 io eao. i ,59 
 
 ,ovj.'. . , , . -;j ejiia no 
 
 J-s er.- . to peeooiq 
 
 Ii+nt/ eeSl 'io oi.i. : avinua bjsri e^ 
 as* j-o^ oaJ-. *J8fiJ- ,6581 , dl led .ioea 
 
 .(*TI .2 .U frdl ,xsIx*iK .v J 
 baii xQ^ i'frii' ' 9iit nt. . aiij- no 
 
 ->b oiJ f 
 .:ex Isieves i. r-.oiaw 
 
 
 lie 
 en 
 
 o 
 
 Jucri^iw 
 rioue i 
 
 snT 
 
 .;imil \ 
 
 
 
 
 eee^o smce ni 
 
 . VJBrf 
 
 nl . . 
 
 
 ItOi 
 
 
(32) 
 
 suit and therefore were held to have no standing in court and on July 11, 1899, 
 Judge Hoyes of the Superior Court of Riverside County decided that the district 
 had never had a legal existence . 
 
 The validity of the bond issues was attacked in various ways. The 
 attacks on the constitutionality of the Act and on the regularity of the 
 districts' organization were, of course, attacks on the bonds at the same time. 
 
 
 
 In addition there were suits charging that the proceedings in connection with 
 the bond issues were irregular and, most common of all, that the bonds were 
 exchanged for considerations not authorized by the Act. This last point was 
 a very weak spot in the districts' armor and many bonds were declared invalid 
 because of having been exchanged for an insufficient consideration. In the case 
 
 of the Allessandro Irrigation District the bonds (765,000 in amount) were given 
 for th . f of l-cnc; _r. p\ 
 to the Bear Valley Irrigation Company in exchange for "Claes B Acre Water Right 
 
 Certificates" which in reality represented only the right to buy water. It was 
 held by the Supreme Court of California in Stimson v. Allessandro Irrigation 
 District (135 Gal. 389) that the bonds were absolutely void because delivered 
 for a consideration not permitted by the terms of the Wright law and because the 
 district never received more than one-ninth of the water contracted for. 
 
 Of the C130,GOO of bonds issued by the Grapeland Irrigation District 
 only one bond of $100 was sold for cash, .28,000 were exchanged for water rights, 
 and the remaining bonds (approximately $102,000) were exchanged for the construc- 
 tion of a tunnel, for labor and material, and even for groceries to be used by 
 those employed on construction work . Cn January 23, 1899, in a suit brought in 
 the Superior Court of San Bernardino County , Judge Lucien Shaw held the bonds 
 to be invalid because of their having been issued for work and other considerations 
 not permissible under the law. 
 
 That bonds might be exchanged for construction work in some cases and 
 be valid was snown by tne decision in the case of N. W. Stowell v. H^to Irri- 
 
,11 \lu\, ao fane iiuoo ni 8 oo avrri oj bled e*iow sToleieri.* boa 
 
 jo., attf ted* jbeaioeb \?nuo3 e. x.K lo iiiioO loiioquS aaj lo se^o.i 
 
 ai/oiijBV ni baio*tfJ- aew eouacj. bod out to \tfibilfcv 
 . x^xifiljj^sT Qiil no tons J-aA a.'ti' AO \5iLaaclf isfj.3 anoo arfl ao 
 amae eaj- Jjts aJwiod end- no aiofijj 1 * .eatuoa to ,eiaw noljjcsJtrus^TO 'e 
 
 
 
 09 fix 3 c nibo80oTc: aiiJ' J'jsit; sni^itiio a^iue dtaw eieiij noi^xbb ni 
 .cd 8ii* JariJ ,IlJ5 Ic nommos d'aotr .bflJB iBltrgeiix QTSW ssuseJt bnod 
 UJBW *nioq ^SJE! sxriT . J'oA eaJ \d besiioiij-ufi ^on snoJtJBiabianos no'i 
 bxlfivnx betfiloeb en&w abncd \nsci bree IOSJIB 'ai'oiTcJ'aib arU nx loqa ^JEOW \iev JR 
 c. . o jnexoiltuunx :as icl b&^rutiioxe rcseJ .^nxv^ri Ic eeufios? 
 
 &'ie >:.7 nx . "|) ebaoj art^ JoitJaivI noijT-^iiil oibaBaeoII>, sii} 1 lo 
 
 . ::.-'."" to\ o^itBhoxo ni 
 
 ..xi 8*i* ^Ino beJnsaeiqan x^xIjseT nx 
 
 . / ; . 
 no^ .v ru:f..iJ i 3 ni BiciclxjUiO lo J"ri/oO ertmn;3 edj 1 ^ bleri 
 
 ,-aot>d biov xletftlcBdjB eiew abnod e^J 1 JMJffcf (etii . IjsO <JI) 
 sixl J"fi ; . . . .- lo ai-me," saj- x^ bel^inrxttq Jon noi*jBT8bioo iol 
 .1; 10 "ii lev otij lo iiv d':on bsvidStT ncvgn u"!ji. 
 
 itaijiTiI bn*Ie<jiO siit x^f beteei abood lo 000,061$ erfJ 1 10 
 . .tpiioxe eiev? 0. , :. .asjso id bloa 8w 001$ to bnod enc \lno 
 
 iol oeyiBrioxe i8w (000, SOI J ) afanod gnxniaan d^ b 
 
 Yd beau d c. jooi^ lol nevo b* t lB- OAJB nodal 10! .lennwj- lo noli 
 
 ni J8 ni , S*?8I ,82 . n..i . . o .;; ; & eeoiiJ 
 
 drt^ neiouj egbul , v. a Ic JiuoO ioiieqi;3 axi? 
 
 : . . 
 
 bos allow 10 1 beuasi nesd yniv/:n ixi>ii^ lo BBWBosd bil*vi ed o* 
 
 .wx-I orid' toboL' sldieeiHfieq ton 
 ->s ed 
 
(33) 
 
 gation District. Stowell, as assignee of the Semi Tropic Land ft Water Company, 
 was under contract to and did construct certain pipe lines for the district. 
 The contract provided that when a certain portion of the pipe line should be 
 completed it should be transferred to the district together with certain water 
 rights and that the district should deliver a proportionate amount of bonds in 
 return. This contract was carried out and later the district sought to avoid 
 payment of its bonds on the ground that the bonds were issued for construction 
 work. Some of tne bonds had been issued to the original company and received 
 by Stowell from it, so that he claimed to be an innocent holder, having acquire! 
 the bonds before maturity for value . The Court upheld the validity of the 
 bonds, saying: 
 
 "We think, however, that the contract is not to be construed as calling 
 for the delivery of bonds in payment for construction work. It provides for the 
 transfer and conveyance to the district at different times of specific water 
 rights, together with completed pipelines and right of way necessary to the use 
 and enjoyment of the water rights so transferred. The bonds are in each instance, 
 to be issued by the district as the purchase price of the water rights and 
 completed pipelines and systems conveyed to it, and only upon the delivery of 
 a deed conveying such property. !!o construction work was to be done, under this 
 
 contract, for the district." "What it (the district) did agree to do 
 
 was to purchase certain water rights , together with the pipelines needed for the 
 reception and distribution of the water, and to pay for such property, whenready 
 for delivery and acceptance, with bonds. We think the bonds valid, even in the 
 hands of the original holders." 
 
 As this case was decided in March 1909 it represents the latest word 
 on the subject and is thought by many to indicate that the California courts are 
 corning to be very much more inclined to protect the interests of the holders 
 of irrigation district bonds against attempted repudiations by the districts, 
 wherever the transactions were carried through in good faith and the districts 
 received a fair value in exchange for trie bonds . Some of the early decisions 
 seem to indicate a surprising readiness on tne part of the nisi prius iuages 
 
 ->- ^^^MP 
 
 to hold the bonds invalid for very slignt irregularities, and many people have 
 expressed the opinion that the nearness of the lower court judges to the people 
 of the districts tended to bias t&eir opinions somewhat. However, this may be, 
 

 4 ortr.J c~- ^i8B* a* , IIeK>*3 
 
 om.TBno3 bib b/ie od ^o/;ijnoo i&bau 
 
 enil sqlc ah* lo noxJ-roq niei-xeo nsriw tori* bobivc-iq Joeid-rroo anT 
 fcjioo tij-jcw is i J-ia*eifc. atfl otf bfrvieleium ecf. bluori* *i fae^elqmco 
 ni sbcj to j.-stomi -jL-oria Joii^axb edJ 1 ^sril fan* 
 
 i o^ J-ii ..J-JB! fan* $1:0 oaiTWJO *w ^OBTL^KOO eiiiT . 
 
 itc a iol bajjB.-.u. v^ ^ ... 01,3 en4" no ebnca ali lo d 
 
 ijBVXboei fam; \p*qi. : -10 saij o- iekiasi lieeo EJJSU abnca" ea* 'io mo3 
 
 . i d'neoon^j: HB stf oJ- i ^JBtii" oe .J'i cionl 
 
 . v icl \Jiitri" tffi tnolao aancd 
 
 BJ? isotniJ-artoo ad ; . . 'tevewcii . 
 
 3^ . oi eonod lo \isvileb erf* tol 
 
 oil. 10 eemii t. o* Da\3Vflco bas 
 
 - ,:9oe 148* to ;hi a iT bis .rfclqcoo 4 
 
 ,e^. .. a * e- . .-j'x-is'is -'i tftjjB*- ei'i* lo 
 
 bnfi ajn^i'i aej-jsw aa^ lo acx . as Jox-ttBib aiij xtf beuasi ecf o* 
 
 to \.'iytfiXeb t. ad"8\s om* aanileqiq bejsl 
 airil it aev/- iow noiJojjiiJanco o'l .\j-iLqonc rioi;e ^flixsvnoo be*& A 
 
 oi) oj ........... H . *oiid~e so ate tol , Jo^'tf noc 
 
 i bsbsen seoilaqiq oiiJ aJi.v : ii n&^w ni*J'ieo e'.eaoiuo ot SJBW 
 
 -:ol x^jc oJ- ijni? , udi-Ueib 
 
 ni evs .bil^v abaocf artt ^irW W . 8<;nc , eon, .; qec oa bn 
 
 lo 
 
 ni 
 
 uoaj si on--, io.'Lcfi-f: airf no 
 
 J-aai^iii e.-tr s'tom rioiaa. 'ov esi oJ^ ^nimoo 
 
 eaJ- vu -;ii A. .fi;>B ebuod Jox-xJ-aib aoi^Baxiix to 
 
 91&W 3flOi.fr 38UB"U 
 
 \Inee Quj- to . ;e A >uiev lifll . boei 
 
 - 
 
 ev. ^iev rtol biievni s<-.. o* 
 
 ;o aesi:-. beseeiqxe 
 
 . . "io 
 
(34) 
 
 it is certain that the bondholders have found it difficult to enforce payment of 
 their claims. 
 
 Still another phase of the litigation was that concerning water rights . *" 
 As before stated the Wright Act was expected to be of assistance in settling 
 water right difficulties but the effect was almost contrary to that expected. 
 The district* found that they did not have any power to override tne rights which 
 had already vested and that so far from being in a better position than private 
 parties in securing water rights, they were apparently in a worse position. The 
 right of eminent domain they did not attempt to use in securing water rights and 
 it is very doubtful if it could have been exercised with much success for the 
 amount which would have to be paid as fixed by a jury might and probably would 
 be greater than they could be purchased for originally. As to securing rights 
 by appropriation or purchase it developed that the districts, by reason of their 
 lack of flexibility in business affairs, were at a disadvantage . If a district 
 desired to secure a dam or reservoir site the necessary publicity given to its 
 intentions gave opportunity to the owners of the property in question to advance 
 the price to the limit. 
 
 If, on the other hand, the rights of the district were attacked the 
 expense of defending them made inroads on the funds which were desperately needed 
 for construction work. Few districts avoided water right litigation and many 
 lost by it the water supply which they had expended large sums to secure . The 
 cases of the Grapeland and Vineland districts have already been mentioned in 
 which the districts were prevented from continuing the development of a water 
 supply because of adverse court decisions. In the IJadera Irrigation District, 
 in the San Joaquin Valley, the district proposed to appropriate the waters of 
 Fresno River but filler & Lux, who owned large tracts of land riparian to the 
 stream threatened to restrain any such diversion and the district had to give 
 up the plan. Andso in many districts. In some cages trie districts successfully 
 
J-fls. 
 
 - ; 
 
 ei 
 
 AToi^figii'xX aitf io 98Bflq jotttorus ILcJfi 
 
 JoA J'rijjittt 3ii- be^eJe aic'tsd aA 
 . j- oj- '{"I** 1 - '-* ^ofc'tic aii^ J"t'd esUIuoil'tiis trigii 
 
 baud 
 Lru; fce^ativ 
 
 ^ninuoes ni 
 i*ifoi) JTtenxne lo 
 li IfU'cfuob yTav si 
 
 rio K bib x ea > 
 
 t oa J 
 iq 68iow i ni \Iu . .. i 
 
 bib 
 : BReaoye ... ... : 
 
 bl Y" 11 '^ * Y^ boxil Q* bijBq eef oJ' evri blt-ow rioiriw 
 
 , ^Ileftxai 1 -:J blt'oo yea 
 
 j-jc o:. . 10 
 
 *o-- . ; 
 
 BiT^ . . .0 i.^b eiUOQB Ot b: '. .. 
 
 . . -<TC[0 evB^ em 
 
 <f 
 
 STew J'oi'jJ-eib eiii 1 ' "io B^.. a isrijo ariJ 00 ,11 
 
 ..... - . ' ; .: . ,v v 
 
 .. ss.L j-iL. . 
 
 ; oj- eraur) c-jfciw 'ilori. 
 
 -SJ'.n 
 
 new jj : 
 
 
 
 
 Io eisJ-f* 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(35) 
 
 
 
 resisted the attacks on their water rights but the expense incident was so 
 
 I. ** 
 
 : * 
 
 great that victory was almost as deadly as defeat. 
 
 V.'e have thus seen that many of the factors affecting the success of 
 
 tne districts were distinctly unfavorable and it is not strange that so many 
 
 ' *"* a 
 
 of the districts were unsuccessful It is clear that to no one cause can be 
 attributed the failure of all the districts, for factors which caused disas- 
 trous failure in some districts were entirely lacking or inoperative in other 
 districts which failed quite as disastrously. The factors which perhaps stand 
 out most clearly as causes of failure are (l) lack of proper water supply, 
 
 e. ..T 
 (2) poor management , including improper promotion, (3) inability to sell bonds 
 
 because of financial stringency, (4) opposition. Practically all the failures 
 among the districts may be attributed to one or more of these causes and the 
 following table represents an attempted classification of the districts according 
 
 to their causes of failure. 
 
 
 
 
 r- 
 
 
 
 o 
 ae. 
 
 h ' 
 
 
 
 ,; 
 
 t. ,-f 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 - o * 
 ^- 
 
 -.5 
 
 * 
 
 ' ,. 1 
 
 A 
 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 9 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 t 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 r4 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 %l 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 n 
 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 oe "i&jtfw ix9ft.fr ao stiof,$jK eetf 
 
 JQ fe Jscmle sew vioJsxv ttfo 
 ic ile sioJ-c XftBc: Jjsrtf aac-e &udi evaci s*? 
 
 ux Ji Jj.u; alci'jBTC . onid'Eio ^TOW 80 sii^aib 
 
 .1 o^ $L -j.o ai JI . Ii:Vv.:0couaiu; nsw e^ai-s^sii) eaj lo 
 
 -3i . . iiioJ'ofil TO i ,3J J.JJ9 lo ai^xi^l 
 
 s. ic a ai/ioi;i vJiii^nd t>-!b>.v ej oi'^sib SKCS i 
 
 . ja eq^iiiar iioid* aicJ'O.e'i SiiT . t- ' * sJiup oeliel doxriw 
 
 , \L io ^ol (I) eii c- lo eeejj*o JE \jIiJB8lo 
 
 Has oi ... ,nox.Jofno*jc -:&qc'-' .xijuIoKx , Jrsar.ie^fiftea: looq 
 
 ,ac. -iii^e Xeior.fiaxl 'to 
 
 .j io e'roni 10 eiio oc j- ^^ \jesm s^oxn- eic 
 
 aai- lo ao-. :u& aJnaeeiqai elc{^ 
 
 l lo epswjso axs^J ot 
 
(36) 
 
 3 
 
 I TJ 
 
 * T 
 0> B> 
 
 CO 
 
 erf 
 
 O M 
 
 T O <d 
 
 -HOt. 
 
 TJ ti O 
 
 C J3 TJ 
 
 O ,H C 
 
 O rH O 
 
 -C 
 
 + TJ 
 
 3 -H 
 
 CO 
 
 H 
 
 
 i-l 
 
 I* 
 O 
 
 t. 
 
 C9 
 
 
 
 O 
 
 
 
 r-l 
 
 g 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 a: 
 
 w 
 
 
 
 <D U 
 H SS 
 b C 
 
 
 
 v 
 o 
 o 
 
 
 n to ft A 
 
 o -. o 
 
 .0-0 >, C 
 
 H r-l C CU O 
 
 > rH 9) Q U 
 
 r-4 S< ^1 O! 3 
 
 O 
 
 rH 
 
 oj C v> 
 
 (i 
 
 a) 
 
 fc, 
 <c 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 4* J3 
 
 J> O 
 
 H dJ 
 
 t, C 
 
 t. (D 
 
 3 a> 
 
 o 
 
 T> 
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 o 
 
 CO 
 
 r- t, 4* 
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 I 
 
 u 
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 4 
 4* 
 
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 at 
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 tt> p- 
 tr $- 
 
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 1 
 
 
 
 X DJ <E IT 
 
 
 
 K- 
 
 p 
 
 
 tr <; < 
 
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 o 
 
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 >o 
 
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 n 
 
 
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 it 
 
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 i> 
 
 
 
 
 
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 H 
 
 
 
 
 H- 
 
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 t: 
 
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 H- 
 
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 e 
 
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 H 
 
 
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 1 
 
 
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 * 
 
 
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 * 
 
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 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 IB 
 
 
 
 ' 
 
 
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 ** 
 
 S 
 
 
 
 
 ,4 
 
 & 
 
 Bi 
 
 
 
 
 h, H ' 
 
 * VL 
 01 t v-' o S 
 I i to to o Q 
 
 s * 
 
 o 
 
 J 
 
 u 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 H - H- 
 
 ^- a &j !-, 
 
 K. 
 
 *~ 
 
 
 
 
 BU IH -4 o ^. u_, 
 
 
 
 .-, 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 ^.^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 J 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 o" " '* J 
 
 t? 
 
 4 
 
 
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 fe o t; ty fc 
 
 ffi 
 
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 f 
 
 ft. M oo 
 
 Jh-a>-i a a a;x:<k'o 
 
 R 4 M <. b O H- Ti 
 
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 1 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 
 at '*.*!' a w cjto 5: 
 
 
 !_, 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 I 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 tr 
 
 
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 z* 
 
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 ca- fc" & o J ?B 03 
 
 *< + o a <; a 
 
 < U> j-,' H- 
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 ' ' i i r; I o tv 
 U U; c- 1 : . : M a * - 
 
 &o 
 
 ss 
 
 *! 
 
 aa 
 
 xolad bsqqoja 
 
 H 
 1) 
 
 n 
 
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 n 
 
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 n 
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 IS 
 
 
 
 
 
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 M- 
 
 
 n 
 
 
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 to 
 
 J 
 
 6) 
 
 H 
 
 n 
 
 
 to 
 
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 1 
 
 ti 
 it 
 
(37) 
 
 1 
 
 
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 tl 
 
 
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 Jfl 
 
 
 
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 9 
 
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 X 
 
 1 
 
 N P. 
 
 ! S 
 
 M ^ ^ 
 
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 rj U 
 
 03 09 
 
 - - * 
 
 ^ s* 
 
 3 cu 
 
 ,3 I 
 
 OD 
 
 at o 
 
 rH C 
 
 3 -H 
 
 I <a 
 
 D-. Ou, 
 
 CC CO 
 
 
 
 N *'" 
 
 
 
 
 
 n 
 
 
 
 
 
 n o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 N ^>v CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 n -f* Tt 
 
 
 
 
 
 M -H C 
 
 11 rH 
 H -rl ft 
 
 19 
 
 Bright lax 
 
 . ntf or in '.:... 
 
 future?". 
 
 n .0 
 
 *r4 
 
 
 03 
 
 
 -H It Oj rH 
 
 u 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 H C rH 
 
 
 
 
 
 a ii M o 
 
 49 
 
 
 J 
 
 i 
 
 03 It ^"^ CO 
 
 OU 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 3 'i orj 
 
 
 
 
 
 C tl ' 
 
 
 
 
 
 M n 
 
 
 
 
 
 t* II 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ H 
 
 
 
 
 
 o it C 
 It 
 
 
 tn 8ta*ui 
 
 oi 
 
 H + -H 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 C -P 
 
 
 
 H 
 
 
 43 II Q O 
 
 u g a 
 
 
 
 S 
 
 t. 
 
 3 '1 O O 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 rH I hO ti 
 
 
 
 C 
 
 
 r-\ M flg pj 
 
 
 
 ^J 
 
 
 at H sJ 
 ^ n d ti 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 II E 03 
 
 
 
 C5 
 
 
 v, : 0. 
 
 II ti O 
 
 
 rl 
 
 v irrtg 
 
 Bl "S 
 
 qg yearly. 
 
 1 O ti 
 
 ti 
 
 o 
 
 * 00 -f> 
 
 
 ca " o o. 
 
 D " 0, S 
 
 OD M -H 
 
 3 M x-~ 
 
 tl 
 
 03 
 
 eu 
 
 
 
 5 CO 
 
 ^. to 3 -<H 
 
 CO co H 
 
 i 
 
 0) II CM ti 
 
 
 
 
 
 O " ^^ O 
 
 
 
 
 
 II 
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 rH 
 
 09 
 
 
 
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 a oollar. rov^ 
 
 
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 4) 
 
 ^| 
 
 
 
 -H II ti <X 
 
 bO 
 
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 ti n n. 3 
 
 -P II 00 
 
 * 
 
 CC 
 
 
 
 ca ii vi 
 
 t, 
 
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 TJ 
 
 
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 Q II 03 
 II ^4 + 
 
 V-, 1 r 1 
 
 oo at 
 H C 
 
 H 
 
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 5 
 
 rH 
 
 o ii at * 
 
 ti O 
 
 O 3) 
 
 to >* 
 
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 C II X- 
 
 t, S 
 
 03 
 
 w > 
 
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 0. rH Si 
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 rl N -^ 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 T3 
 
 
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 6 o 
 
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 QC 
 
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 |. 
 
 CD O +* 
 
 ca a 
 
 
 
 J5 flJ 
 
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 n o 
 
 
 
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 n 
 
 
 
 3 - 
 
 
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 R "Z> 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 El EH ^ 
 
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 yar<; 
 
 
 
 
 191 
 
 2 . 
 
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 hi 
 
 w 
 
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 c 
 
 
 w 
 w 
 tr 
 
 H 
 CU 
 
 g 
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 & 
 H- 
 
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 V 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 H- 9 
 
 
 
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 I 
 
 
 
 
 c< *+ H- c 
 
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 fc 
 
 p en -! v-, 
 
 5 N- 16 B) 
 
 i- 1! 
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 11 
 
 
 
 II 
 
 
 
 H 
 
 
 
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 =<!' 
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 cu 
 
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 li- 
 
 
 
 
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 fe] 
 
 II 
 
 
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 co ^***> ii j ^E 
 
 
 
 c*. 
 
 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 B H ii J 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 J 0'.- ' Hi 
 
 
 
 
 ? fc 
 
 
 
 
 
 n 
 
 H- 
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 ^^ 
 li jo 
 ^ i' 
 
 
 a t 
 
 ) (j 
 
 
 & <t> 
 
 I' U 
 H- 
 
 
 
 ^i. 
 
 
 
 ^ I- 
 
 
 
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 + 9 
 
 O. & 
 Ck 1 
 
 . ^ 
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 t 
 
 
 a 1 
 
 i 
 t 
 
 
 
 
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 |.W 
 
 
 Cr o 
 
 ..' '. 
 
 
 
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 ' 
 
 
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 to 
 
 
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 < 0) ' 
 
 * 
 
 
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 ^' "i 
 
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 c^. 
 
 
 
 a HI 
 
 
 
 
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 a 
 
 
 a 
 
 
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 r,- 
 
 
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(38) 
 
 IV. The Future of the District La. 
 3em* likalv U v. tad that tc Walnut district ha t9r- .*.-. ua-yj^ifiei 
 
 The question naturally presents itself to one who has gone over the 
 story of the oldtime districts: "Can districts be successfully organized and 
 operated under the Viright law, now or in the future!". The answer, of course, 
 must be that they can under proper conditions. Probably the best proof of this 
 is the fact that of the early districts six are now operating successfully. Let 
 us examine briefly the status of the six districts which have, after years of 
 struggle, succeeded in fulfilling their mission. 
 
 The Modesto and Turlock systems irrigated approximately 110(000 acres 
 in 1912 and the acreage irrigated is increasing yearly. The Lodesto district 
 has bonds outstanding to the amount of $1,558,462.25 (1911). The Turlock 
 district has $1, 546,160 in bonds outstanding (January 1, 1912). The bonds 
 sell for about 92 cents on the dollar. Both districts are operating very 
 successfully and include within their boundaries one of the most prosperous 
 faming sections of the state. 
 
 Tne Tulare Irrigation District is in an even more enviable position 
 as it has an abundant water supply and owes nothing . Tnose in charge say that 
 they would not take a million collars for tneir water supply and works, although 
 the cost to the district was only ^500,000 in bonds wnich the district after- 
 wards settled for $273,000. The farmers owning land unaer tiie district are 
 very prosperous. 
 
 Similar conditions exist in the Alta Irrigation District, near Dinuba, 
 
 although this district owes 477,000. There seems to be no doubt of the complete 
 
 solvency 
 of this or the other three districts just mentioned. 
 
 The Little Rock Irrigation District and the Walnut Irrigation District, 
 in Los Angeles County, are very small , irrigating less than 1,000 acres each, 
 and their experience is less important, r.owever it may be said that the Little 
 

 oeri oaw eno oJ" ile.oJi adnsauiq ylLsisjiBti noiJseup 
 
 fan* besin.c *jo \IJjjl3aaoous sd sJDi-id-aib afiO" lejoiijaic umi.tblo ertf To Y 
 
 , eeiijoa 1e .lewsite ariT ."TeiuJ'cl siii ni 10 won , wjsi ^ilgiT* 
 
 airil lo looiq J'aaa' eitt n-t^^ ' 1 ^ . ano jjioaoja 'isqc'u-i *t(>pnu_ nuo Y 8111 - ^*fW ecf Jawr. 
 
 j8j . liliul^aooous jjni^Bieqo won etc xie BJoxi^sxa \ltee aaj" Ttc JariJ ^aal aril ei 
 
 lo u-i.ee^ -is^'lii , svfcii iioiiiw sJoiijnifa xia eiiJ' lo ew^j-a srU ^il&iij eniinc-xs ai; 
 
 .noisaxin -lisrj gnillillt'l ni bebeeooua .el^girxJa 
 000,011 v;Iejjip.!J;xoi<;qj3 beji^i'ni ameja^B jJooliuT bn ciasboM eriT 
 
 ib od-eoboid adT .\IieeY ^riiaanoni si b&toaivxi ajjjee'io* ariJ boe SI?I ni 
 jiooIiuT e;iT . (II2I) ei.Sdf-.ffec,!^ 'io crra-oms eiif oj snibruBja^yo ebnocf sjid 
 abnoa eri'i . (*I6i I \ir.unBL) gniDnoj^aluo abnod ni OSIjd^c,!^ s^ii ^oiiw*8io 
 \^av jflij-maCjO aos a^oiid'sib tii-oa .rt^IIoo s^ no eirseo S d'iJcia* 70! ,Ilea 
 ajjoiaqaoiq j-som eaj- 'io sno aeiifibituod liea^ nitfi'iw ebtloni bixj? \IIfla 9'jDOJLta 
 
 ,^ja QdJ 1 io sncid'osa ^niril 
 
 :iQ ertoai nevs oe ni si Jci-iJaiC noij^iml eieltT enT 
 
 \ee sgoefto ni oaoriT . gnitijon a&wo brtB ^c.?" 8 ^bJ'JS* drusomrtte njs sari *i a* 
 Jjs .SAIOW one ^Icqjja I^BW liaaJ- iol a'tellob noillira ejUsj j-on bluow yenl 
 Jr.injib anj doi.iw abnca ni . .> \Ino -^BW Jci'iJ'sib orLt oi i : 
 "iijgib QiU' Toanu bnjsl ^n^. :, 'i eaT .OOC,Yu$ 10! abtew 
 
 . BJ. -ia 
 
 oti ,Jr^. iiTl P.HJL onJ ni Jr-ixe snoiJionc'j 
 
 o 9^j- lo Jduoo on ecf oJ- emaaa e-ieriT .OOO.VVH aao d-oirtj-aib 
 
 ../p.ib saidJ 'ij;i^o afld i. 
 
 - . i-ni jiocfl el*ji.. 
 
 , . ao,I ni 
 
 . one 
 
(39) 
 
 Rock district, after a long period of depression, has been rehabilitated and 
 seems likely to succeed, and that the Y/alnut district has been an unqualified 
 success throughout, although the fact that it has never issued bonds makes it 
 an unsatisfactory standard by which to judge the success of the typical district 
 organization. 
 
 A renewal of interest in the district form of organization has been 
 shown by the organization during the last three years of three new districts;, 
 the South San Joaquin Irrigation District in May 1909, the Cakdale Irrigation 
 District in November 1909 and the Imperial District in July 1911. The progress 
 made and difficulties encountered by these districts may well serve as evidence 
 bearing on the question under discussion. 
 
 The Imperial Irrigation District was organized to cover 360,000 acres 
 in the Imperial Valley, southern California. The necessity for its organization 
 arose from the insolvency of the California Development Company which had 
 previously supplied water to a group of mutual water companies operating in the 
 Valley. The Southern Pacific R. R. Co., had a large claim against the company 
 for services rendered in stopping the break at the diversion point of the 
 canal eyetem froa the Colorado River, and acquired the interests of other 
 creditors of the company , so tnat it held claims against the company to a total 
 of about $5,000,000. The formation of an irrigation district under the Yrigfat- 
 Eridgford Act was then urged and the Southern Pacific Company agreed to accept 
 5,000,000 of tne bonds of such a district in exchange for its claims. It was 
 estimated that the district would have to issue about 10,000,000 in bonds in 
 order to make the payment required by the Southern Pacific Company and to 
 rehabilitate and extend the irrigation system. 
 
 The plan, from its inception, encountered strong opposition, raainly 
 from those who believed that the organization of a mutual company or companies 
 would be more satisfactory but it was voted to organize the district, the vote 
 

 J&3 ilidaciQi ti9s>d srri , lo be. .ioi JB inflf, , J-axtfexb aioofl 
 
 b&ililsupnu ne need &KA Joiidaib tfualfiV 1 eiil teriJ bfl* , b&aoouB oj x^ 6 *-^ 3>ee 
 *j i b&jjssx -i&vsn at.. . ^osi Qrtf fi^iton*!* , *uon-UQ~tttt aasoows 
 
 aa* to aasoojje y^iJ oJ- rioiriw \d 
 
 < lo ano'l .. iu. t3Qi&3RJ. lo Ieesi A 
 
 4?j. j&t Qs'inj lo ?;-x*9\ eetrii ftta! eat ynxiui; nci^sifoss^'jo odi \<d nworia 
 
 an^ , 0061 \JB:: fii ^oi-waia noi^^xtal niirpaol n3 dJuo3 
 ee6iao' IC I rfT .Xiei \iul ni j-oxijeia JJei'ieqiil *dt ban 
 so;, -vJexo esei.. ^-laJni/oous eaiJlL'o.i'nib iwie 
 
 4 
 
 . ncia:. teem; nuijuj{> odj ao ^ni' 
 
 aaiOB , it ibvoo od" besxiu^jio BJSW J .1 noiJ-esiTiI leiieqfiil aT 
 
 aciJ -TO iji 10! v ;T .imo'lxIfL' meil^uoa , \eIifiV Xainecml e/ij ni 
 
 ; rioxaw Yflsq |ao 3 - I vved fiimoitileO eiu 'lo \Qaaviceai 9df osoTl 
 
 UK lo 
 ri ,.oC 
 
 io jnioq noia'ievxb adJ 1 ^fi ^jseid enJ' anjcqqoia ni fa&ifanei eeoiviea iol 
 
 10 eJsi/iBJ-ni an.: n objBTOlo'J a}- moil tr^e\s LB/IBO 
 
 uj ^ oj \iUEqcioo fnit J8nig amx^Io fai\ . - 4 it oa , ^nec-tnoa 90^ lo aioJifaaio 
 
 .\c lox-jj-axb noxi-igiinti BJB i ^Braio't aaT . 000,000, fi^ *tf02 lo 
 
 ,jj ^nsqcjoO oi'ixoisl r- ^iie begiw .TsaJ- aew aa bnot^iTH 
 
 ./ Ji . . BOX -ioi a^nRiioxd nx J" ^ s done lo sfinod o. , !: 
 
 si fajjDc* fol-i^axb afl* ^*riJ be^BriJae 
 
 oi -r ^8b^o 
 
 .meJc ,iej.\8 ! : idjeadT 
 
 ^tl. . 
 
 ..;? 
 
(40) 
 
 - t y 
 
 standing 1298 for organization and 362 against. Various legal proceedings were 
 had to prevent the district from continuing but the outcome has been favorable 
 to the district and an act passed by the Special reesior. of the Legislature of 
 1911 nas declared all proceedings on formation and organization of the district 
 valid 
 
 The career of this district will be watched with great interest for 
 inasmuch as it is under a considerable handicap at the outset, a successful 
 outcome would prove very encouraging to the friends of the district plan. 
 
 The South San Joaquin Irrigation District and the Oakdale Irrigation 
 District are situated in the San Joaquin Valley adjoining the Modesto Irrigation 
 District. These districts have now been in existence three years and their 
 experience is very valuable as being fairly indicative of what may now be expected 
 from such organizations. It should be noted in the first place, that these 
 districts have a good water supply in view; their land is excellent; there are 
 no insuperable obstacles to putting the water on the land; and the whole prob- 
 lem is that of raising and expending judiciously &. sum necessary to secure the 
 proper completion of the work. And simple as this may seem, abundant difficulty 
 has already been encountered. Even as in the early days, difficulty is now 
 met with when attempts are made to eell the district bonds. In a paper read 
 before the Commonwealth Club of California 1 , Edwin Duryea, Jr., Chief Engineer 
 for the South San Joaquin Irrigation District, said: 
 
 "It is a veil /crown fact, however, that not only can we not sell these bonds 
 at par, but that at the present time it is extremely difficult to eell them in 
 large quantities at all, even at 80*. or 75/ of their par value; and that at no 
 time since the formation of the first V, right districts eome twenty years ago has 
 it been possible to sell such district bonds at par." 
 
 for public m^Otft, wnef. ?*pprovea cy tj e ai-Cvr : : ivnt.: . ..__ PICK, it . **ua 
 
 Note 1. Transactions of the Conanonwealth Club of California, Vol. VI. 
 Ko. 8, p. 563. 
 
 - .;. . r . ; "j : . ;.i.;.. 
 

 ; . feio tot 
 
 9l i-d-noo . J-l^aib aiW Jnevaiq oJ O 
 
 lo 9Ti ijcf faaaa^q *y OB baa J-airt^al 
 
 o ejnibesooiq Lie baialoeb 
 
 . .,'3ij aiit lo 
 
 If .ji'sijoo ii labnu 3i li a 
 
 oit'i e... s ynav avoiq bluotr 
 
 no- arfj' boo J-oinraiJ n ,txupol rm3 rf^yoa erf? 
 
 . rm3 tU- ni 
 
 ii'- 80ii9^siK9 ux n&- .i 
 
 03i" : 
 
 Jl .3ftoi- 10 rfous moil 
 
 OTJS snenJ- jw- : T^JSW bo c$ s everi eJ-oii.1 
 
 -^ "i- bi^e ;.. o* al3e.f8-?o elrf JBI aqu^ni on 
 
 arL ; ;3 o* \ i.tB jniulBT 'lo j-finJ- ai mal 
 
 .tnaaa / erij lo noilelqmoo 
 
 *'' illio , .tav.i . 
 
 I .sine. . Llea oi ./IP aj-qmsj-J-e nst*r 
 
 ,.at aa-. . 
 
 :- f :. ^OL .1Ji!3 . 
 
 IVTO^JS II wr j 
 nj: medj i . 
 
 i 
 
 i 
 
 
 
(41) 
 
 Both of these districts have been much handicapped by this condition 
 and have been obliged to dispose of their bonds in evasion of the law which 
 
 provides that "said board shall in no event sell any of the said bonds for less 
 Xr/t early '. -., tr. f l:..-ei;.cr v^rr f the ofj'rrin^e tf t.^s i* 
 than the par value thereof. That this provision ie in effect disregarded is 
 
 a matter of common knowledge and a further quotation from L'r. Duryea will show 
 
 how it ie done. 
 
 rri-.e. 1.--* v .:..;ie are aot, cm a rule, isttsitortd it satisfactory claes of iawrV- 
 "The method used to give this rebate - the only one ever found practicable - 
 is to make a secret (or rather ignored) combination between the bond buyer and 
 some contractor by which the contractor agrees to construct the irrigation sye- 
 tem at a nominal price, say 25^ in excess of the true price in cash (for bonds 
 at BCff, of par) . The bond buyer then buys the bonds direct from the district 
 at par, the contractor is paid by the district say 125% of the true cash value 
 of the work - and the contractor then passes on to the bond buyer the extra 
 25^ which he has received from the district. The bond buyer thus receives his 
 relate; and the bond sale wnich appears upon the district records as if made at 
 par, is in fact made at 2C;t below par." Transactions of the Commonwealth Club, 
 Vol. VI, Ko. 8, p. 567. 
 
 It is therefore evident that although tneee districts nay and probably 
 
 It 
 will succeed, they must labor under a heavy burden due to their poor credit and 
 
 to the consequent high cost of their systems . Many efforts have been made to 
 
 amend the law so as to increase the saleability of the bonds but it seems obvious 
 
 <sr i. f --be c^f.rict in 'tr 1t.i.t 
 that more than mere changes in the law will be necessary to render the district 
 
 bonds cesiracle investments. The measures attracting most attention were passed 
 at the Special Session of the 1911 Legislature and provided that a state board 
 made up of the Attorney General, the Superintendent of Banks and the State 
 
 Engineer should exercise certain supervisory powers over the issuance of district 
 
 :rfl i*.;,in iUu-ict oay b* vory.ver? tttf 51 Yi/,ry good one "Uo only 
 bonds and that such bonds when issued should be"legal for investments for the 
 
 funds of banks, banking associations, trust companies, insurance companies, 
 t xasiartiee cr t/i* ;. o^-ci ir. *tiUtn ** ie of the f.-.c-r 
 
 and for the state school funds and trust funds," "for deposit as security 
 
 for public moneys, when approved by the abovementioned commission. It seems 
 unlikely that this measure can nave such effect in increasing the saleacility 
 of irrigation district bonds for it makes little change in the metnod of issuing 
 and disposing of the tones which must still be disposed of in the manner described 
 

 aJ avttd aJ"ji'jjai&. aass-iJ lo ri; 
 
 .. ;o r: .j So . o^ 1 ia^ildo ns$d evjsa on* 
 
 i io'i i sftt lo ^fus ilea insvy on ai iljwia based iujes" JjeriJ eebivoiq 
 
 ta fli ax noiaivoiq si.tf JeaT . "losn&tlr eulav teq 
 wo. I . n;i moTl noiJ'^i'oup leri^ujl a bs e^oslvoiii noncnoo lo 
 
 . snob 2i i won 
 
 - sJ isve ao x-^ aii * - e*fl^oi. axd^ avxg oJ- besu 
 
 .loiji-rti-im-o ( : no) Jsnosa a siBm oi si 
 
 -a\ -j oi- 3e9-j;jjB : QM ;ioxii* x^ to^o^'ijnoo ecuos 
 
 abi. CTG eifij srW" Ito : ^aa , eoiTq Ifiniinoit & JB ma^ 
 
 jol'. il sos'-. ..cf feay a^^ nacij- is^ud cnoa' eUT . ("wq 'lo i?08 ^a 
 
 , i-oii. ; yd bieq si joi'0iJ.'ioo QiiJ- ,t*q i-s 
 
 OJ no 38'.: ,.itf 103-OB'lJnOO 8iti - JjfUl - ilCW 6itt 50 
 
 aiii aavif i eiif ,*L. .arUJ- moi'i oaviaosi ae-i orf lioiffw 
 
 -ib s.-ij noqt' B*J doi.iw eif58 bnoJ e4i~ bn* jofJBJe-i 
 
 lo anoi^Ofiafte'iT H , Tjciq wulso' tv OS J/t eiwera bo&l ni ai , iaq 
 
 .Ydc .q ,8 .oW ,IV. .IoV 
 
 ..iij rigiioit^le aii- Jn^iiiva -,, j ;:...,; ai jj 
 
 j.ij oJ- ewo txa^iAjJ ^Vjcea A leoau 'lodjel Jeun ^otij ,b3ou Iliw 
 o- .o ^rteM .aaidja^B ij:9;ld lo Jeoo d^id inoypaanoo odl o- 
 
 abna-j oaj 'io \Jili .j^.-jlaa arii a^^oioai OJT o oa waL enJ o, 
 .usi oJ" v- i ad iJiw wsi ariJ" i as^nsn^ e'jea nertJ" 9-iOtn icHJ' 
 
 H -^or. i 3uiur;i-o.^ sii'i . alnoinie.avnjt eld/nisai) abnod 
 
 iriJ bebivoiq briB eiu^. : II8I 8ii,r 'to noiaaaa lioeq3 odj- j-jj 
 
 .vd Biiii^d lo laaona^i : aiij < Ijanaa^O x 0010 ^-* 1 Q &t ** W e; 
 
 ;i ojiJ' TSVO sisvoq ,.i.i 
 
 ': i io't JjE^X-'ed bluoaa I aariw ebitod riojj *i. sbnod 
 
 -i J , C 
 
 icl" ...... ' 
 
 *I .aoisaimraoo ,a*^foin : mol 
 
 ^.Inu 
 
 lo 'joiner: atir ., . .-eyiTii lo 
 
 -iisoa^x ) fc ir 
 
(42) 
 
 by Mr. Duryea. The districts are still as likely to be affected by such 
 adverse factors as lack of water supply, improper promotion, opposition, liti- 
 gation, etc., as they were twenty years ago. The long list of failures during 
 the early days renders the average investor wary of the offerings of the dis- 
 tricts and the unsatisfactory methods now pursued in marketing the bonds make 
 the well informed investor unwilling to take the bones save at an extremely low 
 price. The bonds are not, ae a rule, considered a satisfactory class of invest- 
 ment for banks, etc., and nence the provision mentioned above allowing banis to 
 hold them seems likely to be of little immediate value. 
 
 To summarize the conclusions as to the possibility of success under 
 the district organization we may note that the districts are subject to all the 
 factors which night operate adversely to any irrigation project and in addition 
 have certain inherent difficulties of their own such as the difficulty of dis- 
 posing of bonds and the difficulty of securing an efficient management. It 
 therefore follows that the project proposed for a district must be of such 
 excellence as to justify the expenditure of a sum considerably in excess of the 
 cash price of supplying the land with water , if the district is to succeed . This 
 being the case, each district is a separate and distinct problem and when we 
 speak of the value of irrigation district securities of the present day we mean 
 nothing definite unlcce we take up each district separately and consider the 
 various factors and problems connected with its plan. In other words, the bonds 
 of an irrigation district may be very, very bad or very, very good and the only 
 method by which their statue can be accurately determined is by a complete 
 examination ci the project in question and a thorough analysis of the factors 
 bearing upon its success. 
 

 '.$\la ad ol ^Isrixl as ilils QIS B^OXIJ =sxi; t*riT . 
 
 , .K . | Tjqcrxqmi , x-tqcwe teJfiw lo iosi 3ts 310*0*1 *3idvbi? 
 
 8e*u;xrfl to J3XI ao* eriT -0^ aiea *"*** a<I8W bisj " 3S 
 isllo e;t}- lo 
 
 j ne d'js sva a.onoj aiiJ' aa^J" oJ ^aiUJLvcuf loi'aovni bennolni Ilsvr sii 
 . ^3 b9-:oiafco , 8l*n a 3^ ,ton aia abnod aril . 
 
 Oj J31 ..:.;.--! Jai 90(3a O.^B ..-; J ; 3>l.iii 
 
 *>iJd-JtI let ad o* ^*- J - t A 8M893 
 
 enJ" 
 
 oT 
 
 a* Oft 
 
 aw 
 
 a uoiri* aio-oal 
 
 lo a 
 lo 
 
 iy . d o 
 
 :J~ 
 TQi 
 
 orij 32 rtoua rtwo 
 . . ., ^ 
 
 ;ioti3 lo . , & TO! oeaoconq Jrootoiq 3iij 
 
 j ni ^IdfitaDxanoo nu;a JB 10 snud-ibneqxs sa- 
 . b9aooi;a oJ 1 si J'oiij-aib oriJ ii . ia^ rii'jtw bnei arij- 
 
 j joniJex^ - . .' "u^qea * 9i woxtv^ib nor a ,39^90 aiiJ 1 
 arij- 10 asi^xitroaa d-siiJ-sib noiJ'fi^xtrti lo aulev a,tr lo 
 \1 qjj sjust aw oaolni.' ojxnxlso 3 nxrllon 
 
 abnod o.u ( u^io/ iii.-.jc nl . o0Xq a^i ."ijiw bawoannoo ameUoiq bfl aioi'o^l aiteitBV 
 ^I ts booy ^ev.Yiov 10 fajsd ^i9V l ^iav cf ^aic Joii.J'Hlb-aeiJwivxl rte lo 
 
 
 bn) ebnod to 301:800 
 S'sroIIol sToltneiU 
 oi " a* soaellsoxa 
 lo eoiiq d 
 
 
 
 rtoxiiw Y^ bciiiso 
 
 -orit B bna noijartjjp x w3e(,oiq anj 10 
 
 . a 13 a Dot;-'! aJ"i nc 
 
** a - i s 
 
 C E> C 
 
 4 M ; a r t *. ;^ H .'^ o M n 
 
 APPDICIX A. 
 
 IRRIGATICt; DISTRICTS ORGAICIZED IN CALIr ORr, : IA. 
 
 
 

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 i* 
 
 
 
 
 ^j 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 grj 
 
 * 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 Jt3 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 O 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 >> o 
 
 
 a 
 
 ^^ 
 
 H 
 
 
 O 
 
 
 c 
 
 ^3 in 
 
 
 
 .0 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 -C O 
 
 . . 
 
 S r^ 
 
 
 rH 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 CO 
 rH 
 
 
 
 a -o . 
 
 rl fi t> 
 
 CO 
 0> 
 
 c 
 o 
 
 a CM m 
 
 H O O 
 
 U> rH 
 Ll SJ 
 
 
 O 
 
 
 
 Jk 
 
 
 O 
 
 
 
 o o o 
 
 CO 
 
 a * 
 
 o co o 
 
 M) 
 
 
 H 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 > f> CO 
 
 rH 
 
 H 3 
 
 > rH rH 
 
 ao o 
 
 
 rl 
 
 1- 
 
 rH CM 
 rH 
 
 
 
 a -P *" 
 
 a 
 
 cu .0 
 u 
 
 o o 
 
 H S *" 
 
 't > 
 
 c 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 a> 
 
 
 
 S3 3 - 
 t H 
 
 Ok 
 
 o * 
 
 C rH rH 
 
 c3 CO 
 
 rH rH +> 
 CO O*O 
 
 
 
 
 H 
 
 
 
 H -f 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 H O 
 
 O 
 
 60 - S3 
 
 
 C 
 
 1 O 
 Si 
 
 
 H U 
 
 T3 O. 
 
 >. <S 
 
 
 1 
 
 rH a erf 
 3 -P 2 
 
 jB 
 
 . - 
 
 
 
 rH >, 
 rH 3 OJ 
 
 rH + rH 
 rH rH 3 
 
 
 3 
 
 u o 
 
 a ss 
 
 rH 
 
 
 
 C L, 
 
 
 4i O "O 
 
 S3 
 
 H -H JQ 03 
 
 
 .0 
 
 il 
 M 
 II 3 
 
 -S 
 
 
 
 rH T> 
 
 a! o 
 
 bO > > 
 
 
 
 * 
 
 > 
 
 3 -0 
 
 -CJ fa 
 
 o > 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 O at > 
 
 SS rH 
 
 $3 -a 
 a o o 
 
 u a> 
 
 T3 Q. -H 
 
 (O < > TJ 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 u -P LJ 
 
 u at ol o. > 
 
 0) -rl rH 
 rH -r> 
 
 rl 
 
 
 U rH 
 
 rfi O 
 
 rH 
 O 
 
 O O 
 
 aJ -a CD 
 
 U rH 
 
 duo 
 
 & 3 
 
 H -rl 
 P -P 
 
 H 
 -* 
 
 u -p 
 
 (0 
 
 f^ *" 
 +* 
 
 0) 
 
 + aJ m 
 
 jO C -H 
 
 U 
 
 at 
 
 I-H 
 
 S3 
 M 
 
 rH <B 
 
 o n 
 
 a-H 
 ^^ 
 
 a 
 
 H 
 
 Q 
 
 rH S3 
 
 (X at tH 
 
 5- 1 " 
 
 rH 3 * 
 
 o o a 
 
 5O iH 
 Q 
 
 rH 
 
 u at 
 
 S S 
 
 U O 
 
 g g 
 
 M M 
 
 1 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 A 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 U t4 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 N S3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 II -H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ii -a 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 II S3 
 
 <i at 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 < u a 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 M il -p 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3 ll 3 
 cd n o 
 
 O II 
 
 o o 
 
 
 
 o o 
 
 SO 
 S3 
 
 O 
 
 8 
 
 8 
 
 in 
 
 O 
 
 8 S 
 
 
 
 8 
 
 o 
 
 S S 
 
 
 
 O 
 C S3 
 
 O O 
 CO S3 
 
 O 
 
 9 O 
 
 $3 CO 
 
 jjtj l ffl 
 
 <ft 
 
 
 
 * 
 
 * 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 * 
 
 
 
 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 M M T3 
 
 in >- 
 
 Z. 2 
 
 o 
 
 0> 
 
 3 
 
 IS 
 
 o 
 
 
 2 4^4 
 
 a s 
 
 S. rH 
 
 ,-3 .! S3 <0 t- 
 < H 0,t- -* 
 
 
 CM 
 CM 
 
 
 t- 
 in 
 
 
 CM 
 
 
 
 co 
 
 rH 
 
 O 
 CM 
 
 O ,. CQ 
 
 ,^- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3 II 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 _4 
 
 
 
 
 CM 
 
 M u 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 .-%. 
 
 
 
 
 Q II 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 rJ-i .1 -a 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 M :; 
 
 | 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 2 
 ,^ . a:o o 
 
 o :i -HO O 
 
 2 M oo 
 
 O 
 
 C C 
 
 8 
 
 o 
 
 8 
 
 CO 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 S3 
 
 S3 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 o 
 
 $3 to 
 
 S 8 
 
 o 
 
 o a 
 
 CO S3 
 
 O 
 
 O O 
 S3 <O 
 
 o 
 
 * 
 
 O O 
 
 * 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 ii -a 
 
 m in 
 
 2 2 
 
 o 
 
 cr> 
 
 C5 Z 
 
 
 o 
 
 s o 
 
 
 2 
 
 *~ 0> 
 
 1/3 ii s3 
 
 tO t 
 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 m 
 
 
 * 
 
 in 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 tH .i o c- o 
 
 
 CM 
 
 rH 
 
 t- 
 
 
 r-l 
 
 CO 
 
 
 rH 
 
 rH 
 
 O .. CQiVir 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 k 
 
 M ., 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ** 
 
 
 
 
 co 
 
 :: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 OT ,1 
 M II 
 Q II 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 il -O 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 2 U 
 
 O II -P 
 
 
 O O 
 
 
 
 
 Q 
 
 
 
 & 
 
 x.' Q 
 
 
 
 rH II 
 
 H H > 
 
 
 
 C> 
 
 
 
 
 a> O 
 
 8 
 
 
 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 8 8 
 
 o 
 
 i i 
 
 8{^ 
 o 
 
 
 
 8 g 
 
 
 8 
 
 . 8 
 
 4) ^5 
 
 C5 i* fiB 
 
 m in 
 <o c- 
 
 I 
 
 o 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o o 
 in o 
 
 c 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 m 
 
 O 
 
 ^ l 
 
 8 g 
 
 O 
 O 2 
 
 O 
 
 fy^ il O 
 
 t^ *& 
 
 
 ^* 
 
 r^l 
 
 e~ co 
 
 
 CM 
 
 *^* ^* 
 
 * rH 
 
 CM 
 
 ^5 
 
 M It CQ 
 
 w* 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 U 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 'O 
 
 II 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 il 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 S 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 CD 
 
 o o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 O s* 
 
 O O 
 
 Q O 
 
 O CM 
 
 
 
 8 
 
 O 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 m o 
 
 in i>- 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 O rH 
 
 0^ 
 
 8 8 
 
 O O 
 *o o 
 
 OO 
 r-^ 
 
 II 
 
 o o 
 
 in co 
 
 o 
 
 ^r 
 
 <O i 1 
 
 in 
 
 CM 
 
 m CM 
 
 o* en 
 
 O in 
 
 in t- 
 
 O CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^* 
 
 in <H 
 
 O 
 
 
 rH rH 
 
 HI 
 
 rH 
 
 JV rH 
 
 u at m rH 
 
 
 
 
 rH 
 
 rH 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 .. 1 - 
 
 
 
 
 if 
 
 
 
 
 
 * i^e 
 
 
 " i 
 
 it 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 u 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T3 
 
 u 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 u 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^J 
 
 u 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 9 
 
 
 O 
 
 .. 
 
 
 
 X 
 
 
 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 j>^ 
 
 
 
 -o 
 
 
 
 
 
 u 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 H 
 
 
 
 K.^ 
 
 CD 
 
 
 H L. 
 H I'D 
 
 
 ft 
 
 o 
 
 rH 
 
 3 
 
 r-t 
 
 
 Li 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 r-t 
 
 3 
 
 a 
 
 H 
 
 il 
 
 i 
 
 g 
 
 
 -H 
 
 u 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 "al 
 
 s5 
 
 tc 
 
 o -o 
 
 Li -H 
 
 o -o 
 
 o at 
 
 Li 
 Lt O 
 
 c =: 
 as > 
 
 rH 
 
 b 
 
 H 
 
 a 
 
 u 
 o at 
 
 bo a> 
 
 & | 
 
 OC 
 
 no 
 
 H 
 
 
 
 
 U 3 
 +> U 
 S3 + 
 0) -H 
 
 (D 
 
 rH 
 O 
 
 3 
 
 S3 C 
 H 
 
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PROPOSED 
 
 ACTON IRRIGATION DISTRICT. 
 
 Loe Angeles County, 
 
 Acton ie a very email station on the line of the Southern Pacific 
 R. R. Co., between Saugus and Harold, the latter point being the entrance point 
 of the line from the southern part of the State into Antelope Valley . The land 
 in the vicinity of Acton ie broken and mountainous and any irrigation which 
 
 might be practiced would require expensive works for impounding and distributing 
 
 :or c' Ainajti/r-! ,. ; .:" 
 
 the water. 
 
 Notwithstanding the difficulty of bringing lands near Acton under 
 
 irrigation, a petition dated December 26, 1892, for the formation of an irri- 
 tcig ccwf.^ny A 
 
 gatior district under the Wright law was presented to the Board of Supervisors. 
 
 A protest signed by six residents of the proposed district was also presented, 
 
 the r* 
 stating that under the project the lands would be bonded to half of their value 
 
 and that the promoters would get the benefit. The petition for organization was 
 
 withdrawn February 27, 1893 and nothing more has been heard of the proposed 
 
 :-.?>:. ret .c T.; ' re** on : 
 
 district since . 
 
Iu WITAC.^ "Of. 
 
 jUii acj 
 
 lo artil oner no rioxJ-Mifra IJaoia \iev a ax a 
 
 exit anxad Jnioq isfJ-fil arid" , bloijeii urts aw^UJsa 3v;tsd ,.oD .H .H 
 . '{oIL.'V oqoJeJrtA otni eJ'^d'S t-^ ic J":sq aiaiUjjoa artJ" ;uoil anil a.ii' lo 
 rio. itii Y'te ^ I ^B awonlaj-nuoiff bna neiioncf ai noi-oA ^c ^i-^-taiv esi* nl 
 
 oc:iai 10! aiio^ svxanac.xe 9^iupQ^ blao* bsoitOBiq ecf 
 
 aboel anxyniTd lo ^JliJQiltio odd" jn 
 o aoiJ'jsfinol arid- -xo't ,ii58I , 8S ^cfasooCI bol>;b 
 .^ lo brusoS efid" of Jb&jaeenq asw wel J-.i^iiW 9i 
 
 oalB a^-w J-oiaJ-aib beaoaonq arid' lo rafrnebxaeT xia Y rf beng-ia J-ssJoiq A 
 et/Lav TiyuJ- lo 'ILea o.t ijebaocf ed bluow -100*1 9fit J'Oai.o'fq 9itt isboju tetii ^nitaJ'a 
 asw noiJ"^?! 10! aoiJztoq saT 4jil9a9d arid" J~9g bluow BTeJ-onjoia otU" IsriJ" one 
 
 . io bixosi nead acd a-toc 301.1^01 bne ii 
 
PROPOSED 
 
 ALHAKERA IRRIGATION DISTRICT. 
 
 J. . -,; -. '> 
 
 Loe Angelee County. 
 
 it i* neeer ;/ to f c l*c* * fr* y*r* r rier 
 
 jo v.itfc tr c . i ;? *u;i2:ttic,B of & cascpany to 
 
 in Br ui>,y. eto'i^ eit^tcep adl<?s ac--.Ua*v ;* Rriuar-o*. aoo 6&K fee ..--* 
 This eeece to have teen an attempt to organize and get water under 
 
 Tfcix cftifejdc* wt* or ' . 
 
 the district organization in order to secure conditions which might be con- 
 sidered superior to those already exieting. The town was supplied with water 
 
 <i*crti*liifc; to aan%&&'t . - '-.-ci .' n*.;; -. . :.*; &r.c *o r*a.v a aric&'t ;'t- 
 for domestic use and irrigation by the Alhambra Addition V;ater Conyany and 
 
 I'r. Bishop, who wae president of that company at the time, thinks that the 
 district was proposed because of come dissatisfaction with the service fur- 
 nished by this company. A petition for organization was filed with the Board 
 of Supervisors on August 3, 1891, and was approved by that body, but was later 
 withdrawn at the request of the petitioners. What led to the withdrawal of the 
 petition does not appear. Most of the old residents have forgotten that there 
 ever was a movement for the organization of a district and Mr. Bishop, who 
 remembers the movement, coee not remember the reason for its abandonment. 
 
 v. - 
 
:"^! 2ii 
 
 D ij<il93ilA 80 J 
 
 afljB asla-B^-iO oJ jqa^.gj-j-ji rus cot.;' evfiri oo aaiasa 
 :noi. oj- Table fix itoi^BSXOBQ 
 
 i. . .la aBOilJ- ol loiisqua batebia 
 
 i). ,joiJ-ibbr\ -LA erii- vd noiJ-Bi^i-ni boa aau oiJ-aeKOi) 10! 
 
 9ril J-jcii-.J- ax.iiAj- , odjiJ- sriJ- tB vftscfmoo J-Bii^ lo tnabiaaiq aew ochr .qoiisiH .*df 
 -f I j-OBlsiJ-naaifa ai;;oa 'io ssuaoed osaoqoiq a.aw ioxilaJta 
 
 uifiod a^iJ- t ,Ji-/ asl-cl ; iol noiJ-iJ-eq A .ipuujtnoo axdi- yd bstiain 
 
 ' Ji/J , y;ooj Jiii-uf vJ sew bn , , 6 *su^i>A no anoaivnsgua lo 
 
 .rr.'.iJivy adJ- oi 1 bal J'jwf/V . aionoxj-xd'eq uat ^o Jasupdi srit 
 
 . ?1 evari aJfisbiaaT bio 9iU to J-aoM .teaqqe J-on seob 
 or. .ill otis ^oxi;fexb B lo o art* 10! 5rei38voio JB 9^5-* 
 
 TO- ^on aeob 4 
 
ALLFSSAMKO IRRIGATION DISTRICT. 
 Riverside County - Organized Jan. 12, 1891 - Area 25,500 acres. 
 
 In order to trace the history of the Alleeeandro Irritation District 
 it is necessary to go back a few years prior to ite organization and examine 
 
 the events leading up to it, the most important of which are those having to 
 .- , 
 
 j > i < r* 
 
 do with the organization of a company to construct a large storage reservoir 
 in Bear Valley, alout eighteen miles northeast of Redlands , and known as the 
 Bear Valley Land 4 Water Company. This company was organized in 1883 with a 
 
 rj TL t. 3 ..'? 
 
 capital of $360,000 and immediately began a well planned course of newspaper 
 
 advertising to acquaint the rmblic with the project and to create a market for 
 _ . ** * 
 
 P _ .',?,. M^-JlvA*. 
 
 the water to be impounded in the reservoir. In the Riverside Press of July 
 18,1889, it was said that "there is probably enough water in sight to irrigate 
 one-half of the irrigable lands of the Santa Ana Valley". The company's dam, 
 constructed in 1885, was 50 feet high, 16 feet thick at the base, 3 feet at 
 the capstone, and 300 feet in length, and impounded 10,000,000,000 gallons of 
 
 ( ! r.iCli CQmjjIO&jr 
 
 water, forming a lake with an area of 1965 acres and an average depth of 16 
 feet. The company planned to build a second dain about 100 feet below which 
 should have a height of 12C feet and which would make the lake formed about 
 12 miles long and 3 miles wide with an average depth of 40 feet. The cost 
 of the first dan was 165,000 and the estimate for the new dam was in the 
 neighborhood of 750,000. It was estimated that the construction of the second 
 dam would increase the capacity of the reservoir twenty-fold and furnish a supply 
 sufficient to irrigate 100,000 acres of land for three years. 
 
 The company entered into contracts with parties around Crafton, Lugonia 
 and Redlands and issued to tneic what were known as "Class A Acre Water Right 
 Certificates. These gave their owners the first right to purchase the water 
 
.j. JSAH3Si .k: 
 
 . ae-ioa 005.5S aenA - 1S8I ,21 .rtsl besiiuiijiO - '{^ruroO abisieviH 
 
 j -;-.i.l iioij. jml oibOfiaadllA 9-' a.iJ" aofiij' Ov xybio rtl 
 
 j JbaB uoi^jBSjfciiBjj-io aji ol loi-iq attisx .V9l a Jioeo' o^ o* xiss^aoart si 
 ol ,.iiiivd aaOitt eia jiaiflw lo jora eat ,^x oj qu jnxoaal ai' 
 
 B3-J 93^10^3 93^6! a *ouij-3rioo od" yrujqwoo a to aoildsiofl^io atij- iiJ-iw ofa 
 . . ;i lo J-ats^J-ign sjali -Mie -ooj , ^sLLsV itnQ ai 
 
 .' r i9$tt ^ bitsJ ijel 
 
 loc- io aaiuoo beiirtelq lla* a ruyaJ Tjle-, - ji 5j 000,OdS$ lo 
 
 i" -o oJ baa josl.oir a*.. ehJ- tni^trpoja o^ a 
 
 'io ^tisiS ooiaTQVxn 8At I .ixavieasT 0ttr iii beom/oqffij: ad od" 
 
 xa <a TaJ-Bw xi^uone ^IJfldo^a ax a-ia.tt" d-JBri* ixjas asw J-i ,9881,81 
 s'v.i-'c'ioo QiiT ."\:a.L.[p.V wi^'. .a.* .jiusl alJji'jinii 8ii^ lo 
 
 J-B d-oal U ,yjbi ea,r J-B jtoiiij- J-ail SI , ix;i i-e&l 05 BBW ,5881 ni 
 lo aaollc^ 000,000,000,01 faebflx-c oj. ni J-gal 00 bete .enoJaqso 5d* 
 
 91 lava CIK fan 3ii do8I lo i-aijE; ,^5 fi^i'.r ajtsl JB ^niimol , isi-^w 
 
 -ioi.i / wolecf J-jSi 001 Juola rab fanooga s bliucf o^ osnuajlo- Yiisqtnoo oriT . J"99l 
 $u^ ' *JtBl . . ,:, O^.JQ ... s i'ael 3i;l 'lo .' 9veA bluotia 
 
 J-aoo oiiT .Jsel 0* lo riJqsb e^fnavfl a rttiv/ ebxw aelim S bna ^jnol aelim SI 
 nj: aew isueb wen siy- aol gj-fsmiJao and- bB 000,261$ as'/r toBO J-atil ah* lo 
 bao r lo noijOinJBHoo 9iU J-jB.iJ- beji-fflij-aa 3i>w Jl .000,05V^l "io boodiodti^z an 
 
 js riaiiiiul bni? blol-^driswd- -UOVTBUST anj lo ^i-O^qBO erit arj^eioru blyor mcb 
 
 99*iaj iol aasl lo aeiojs 000,001 affi-.ii'if. oJ 1 irtatoxllus 
 
 o}i 3'iQ'jir J-JB.TV are. ,ia3 brte 
 
 =rloijjq oJ d"^i'i ^anwo liaiiJ- av.i .T 
 
(2) 
 
 T * few " r - At T i_ * 1 'l 
 
 impounded in the Bear Valley Reservoir Company's reservoir. Although the 
 
 capacity of the reservoir was not great enough to furnish over 2,000 minere 1 
 
 . - - * c ,_ < *j\Aa i 
 
 inches continuous flow, the Bear Valley Land and Water Comoany made an active 
 
 campaign to sell a second series of Acre Water Right Certificates known as 
 
 - . ... 
 
 "Class B" certificates , and proposed to construct its second dam with the pro- 
 ceeds of such sales. In order to further this plan the Alleesandro and Bear 
 Valley Development Company was organized in July 1890 with a capital stock of 
 
 ' tfaft Ai*ariiLB J>a< 
 
 1400,000 and including in its directorate Senator James Graham of New Haver,, 
 Conn., President; Theodore Clark, Vice-President j A. P. Kitching, Treasurer; 
 W. J. Keacock, J. E. Sinclair, J. G. Clark, F. E. Brown, John G. North, F. P. 
 Morrison, R. J. Waters, and N. S. McAbee . Most of these men were Massachusetts 
 
 irn, some of them having become residents of Redlands . They were reputed to be 
 
 . . 
 wealthy and to have among their number men of great business ability who would 
 
 be able to carry to a successful completion the plans of the Bear Valley Land 
 ft V-'ater Company, of which company the new organization acquired 2,000 of the 
 total 3,600 shares of capital stock. The new company purchased the Alleesandro 
 tract of 9,000 acres and the Mahe tract of nearly 10,000 acres and other small 
 tracts, to a total of about 21 ,COC acres of land in the vicinity of Allessandro 
 and ! oreno on the northern end of the San Jacinto plain, and on the branch line 
 of the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe R. R. Co., about 12 miles southeast of River- 
 side. 
 
 *j _L L* *ar - - 
 
 The Bear Valley and Allessandro Development Company thus united in a 
 
 single ownership a large tract of irrigable land of excellent quality and a 
 reservoir site which only needed enlargement of the impounding dam to give a 
 greatly increased supply of water. The company decided upon the organization 
 of an irrigation district under the V.right law as tne most profitable manner of 
 
-1A . ixovT939n a'^iwcFfOD TtlovissjoJI yeUJsV IB 3d srtf ni 
 000, u lavo liainiul oJ ri, - aaig Jon ; eri,t lo \-i-ioj8qflO 
 
 av . ipiscf.iioO T&JflW bos 5ru;J ^sHe/ io3 9ti$ , woll 
 
 ai. -sotEoillfisQ J.i^ifi "isJ'JBY,' &TOA lo j.xciaB unooes ^ Ilea 
 
 -o^q odJ 1 rfj-iw nrfib onoosa s^i loui. -cio jbiii: , zoi-nsitJL.'rias "S ? 
 
 useS on* oiurui83oXXA eriJ 1 aelq aiii* naaJiiA o* isono rtl . aalsa ilous lo 
 lo OB rfJiw 0981 -{Zul ni apw x njsonio O ^nwoqoIsTaa 
 
 wsii lo mjBrijBiL) asrasL ioJ-neS o^r^o?3oiii> 3.1.1 ai ^nibulomx baa 000, 
 
 .aniiioti:! . c l .A ; ^nsfaiaeiS-soiV' ,iifil3 aiooositT {J-neoieei 4 ! ,.nnoO 
 .'i .0 nriol, , iT.voiii .3 . "i ,^iBlO .3 .1 ,MXJBlo.ti3 .3 .1 .JiaoaBeH .1 .W 
 
 -'i u~8.v nam aeadJ- to J-^oJJ . aaJAoM .8 .11 bae ,9io^W .V .H . 
 
 ; *i- ' 
 
 -;s^ X9'tT . abrjfilbs/! lo j S n ^ v ^^ a^ lo aoioe , 
 
 bluow Oii.v (JB .-: .itjL^.ija t.ao-i^ to .tar.- latfnua ixad} ^noaui avn ?j- otia ^drl 
 
 J.TJSJ ^sllaV -uj=i 9dl 'to aiif Irr siij aoiJ9lcn)3 lulaasooue B ol \n-iso o^ Ids 
 
 ^',S 5aiii,'pO .toiJ'r-siiv; TO en aal v.t/'i.^^o riairf*/ ic 
 ot.jmiB98l.tA a- beaxuio-tycf Y*<?B 3 *3 *dT . IjSv f lqab l 
 
 II.t ; '3 >n< i9ia.e 000,01 ^Iiesn lo J-OJBI^ adtfj aaJ- DOK ai3 000, 
 
 onbo* .; io Tjlinloiv ejij .ii atal lo si;>fi 000, IS tuode lo !** B oJ, 
 
 9rui 41 ao bnj3 ,nllq o^niojBL ns3 9.1* lo ons itts.i*ioa j.;v ao oa-io . 
 
 -ivifl lo ^-01 391x^.1 SI JUOJJB ,.oO ,H .fi a? B*eu3 A sisoroT ; aosi-i3*A wt* lo 
 
 B iu 5*J-iny suri* v -allA brus ; i JT 
 
 a tm x*i^*wp *nsllacxa lo b ... lo Jr- usl B qideisawo al 
 
 . - - - - - - - TT.9K91 
 
 a^ . v sar lo X-f*!^ 111 * aaiayioni vl,*^r-:i 
 
 lo lo 
 
- 
 
 natter of aali|Haat. It t*fta at MM t Mil tte land IB anall 
 tract* at |6C par acre witto an, aaniaaant t Jumisa. aafter, tte ccaa ta be f ipad 
 ta eacfc 1C aera tract. Tte price ef toe lead vac aesa raised te 475 and later 
 
 tAe coRosznr aanoejaced it* intention ef aecariJK tfae foroatien ef an irrigation 
 district ta caver tte tract, bat ae October 14, IS9C a special aaMMHaantt af 
 tte alej af toe Baar Tcllajr ead Allesa*n6ra Cavalapaant dufuag far tte 
 tevalapKct af ite jiiap^ Ij *aa priatai in tte Uvaraida Fraaa. Da 
 
 f.--. -. - 5:,-:^ llHl -.e paKfCM :i --= ::- irv .^ -; ..i,r 
 . L ? ' r i : " :' : r~ if i ". : _r : 1 - ^ c " ; - 1 ~. ~ ? -^._ r s : ._ ; r ; ~..r .-. r ~. ~. ; t ; *..r.s r v i v : > : : 
 
 adjafedig ttat tract aa it adfifit te Hiiai^iit advlaaJhla ta izclaae, arc tiat 
 
 Valley Lasd ft VKter Caapa^ vaold caBtract aite tte ciatrict. atea f rnec, 
 -. -:L1 i-. 7t: i:rr . , -. r .-1=.. tr :: v.i :iv;5 ? fenes fr:: teag 
 ::r i .:. i:re :; l^r.- _- -~.~ -.i-.r^:' i". i : : 5 -. :' :;! pa :.:re 
 
 af tte district at tteir par valaa. Tteaa amter ri^irt cartificataa aera ta 
 aea inch ta f aar aeraa and tte Baar Valla? aid illanairfro UnalapawBt 
 a ta pipe tte water ta aaca 10 acra tract of tte land* aanad ar sale 
 by tban, tte otter laadaaaera af tte district ta an-Me far tteir aw c- .- 
 batica af tte vatar ta te dalivarad cy tte Baar Tallay Laad anl Datar Ccagjoy. 
 
 Ite Baar Tallay end lllaaaaaara Qwaltpaaat Ca^pa^f a|,rad ta pat it tteir 
 trifcutice ayata* OB E.OOC acraa af land ia tiaa far irrigati** i tte fallaaiigg 
 
 f cf 1991). fte caat vadar tai* plan aa ta te |3C par acra far tte watar 
 and a yearly rental ef (5.56 par acre alter tte canaoaaiaaBt af vatar 
 delivery, aa that tte tatal aniaatl cterga par acra for interest mad vatar raatal 
 vaold te 47.36. 
 
 fte plan oatliaad In tte ajanaancanant nmmai ta nave tean amtiaf actary 
 ta the owner* ef tte 8,000 acres ef land afeiea tte Bear Tallay and JUaaaandra 
 Development Canpany ted fltapeeed af and atapa aara seen tatea for tte formation 
 
llama nx bii.:-:l arid" lisa oJ- aarto j jl . J-n'->,TQoXa /*,-> "to is: .t 
 
 ->(/ od 1 _ - >: 910J3 i(,q 08$ d-a 
 
 ia .: dV$ od" 393X.81 nooa asw u <iJ- ia.fi 01 
 
 -- eb/Jin .luod fa^u eeles vnwia 1.1 . rl .91 0$ bB 06$ nv 
 
 ii .is lo aoitefinol 6ii ; ili^JJi bt>oituo;i;(Ji Y iJJB ' r! ' t1102 
 
 lo laloecra ja 0681 ,*I lacfoj-oO no ^trd' t d-o*iJ sri* lovoo 
 
 arid- -is i v;unqiaoO i-awa^olsvda oib.. -uesa and- lo 3lq 
 
 -ac .;! .asoil euiaiyviH ori^ x j . ^q 8*x to 
 
 .iTti its avjsii c3- a*,* MOJS<I.-HOO eiU lo aaocru/q sriJ- J-tfiir oed-ta asw 
 ^5; ^oJ- , J-o^'tJ- oifaftaaaallr". viitnti etu ajjulo.ti oJ- batnol d 
 
 Csfli oJ- aXo'jJsivba J-fisuoriJ- sd J-rfgxm tx 3-s J-ojeirf- tsdt &tlniolbts sbnci 
 
 fc> -:J3i& siid- rtd-xw d-Otfij-noo dlyov Y. le^MV A fartej voiLeV ie8 9<tt 
 
 ^i -IL.V M^aH aoil 36X198 ] aajelO orid 1 io ad-rijj-ti ^-*w eiw owd" ^i II9 o* 
 
 "J- -*" ,9To tsq 0) lo J-aoo je J-B , d-oxijaxb eod- /u bnJ lo SIOJB 
 
 0." stew -: -ij-ns'j i-a^ii i3* J s 1 .* eeehT . eul^v Tjsq ixeuJ- J-B d-oxiJaxb eit* lo 
 
 J-nsaiqoIsvaQ aiua.;::,?9llA bnje ^alifiV i93 ;tf ba . itrol od- rio.ii eo 
 
 ^asi srij- lo tSKit aio 01 nO9 oj ;;.,->>* SilJ- eqiq ol ssv 
 .iw 'tol agmjTiB oJ- d-oiitsib eiiJ- lo atanwobosX ieri.ro eiij- ,ni8rij- 
 . tr isd-jsW baa brxeJ ^sllsV *U5e3 yri* -jcf bsi3vxlsb ed' o* i8J-*w end- lo 
 
 it b991^J3 rrv jjpyj y 9 _XAV ^j 
 
 rollol sdJ- a! floxd-Bgini iol sait nx bosl lo aaisc 000,8 no Riad-a 
 ^-^ J" 10 1 fti=s ioq OS| 9d oj- 3>j ;ilq axruJ 1 is; k .00 sii? .(1961 lo) 
 
 SIOJB . 3| lo X-^' I *X * ti 
 
 ' x -'10 Leu- 3X1* J-jBrfd- 03 
 
 ,:q 
 0>1 ^ n ' : -IlaV i.- 5 ertj lo <iQn 
 
(4) 
 
 of the Allessandro Irrigation District . Those who had purchased land from the 
 company seem to have had entire faith in the feasibility of the plan proposed 
 and in the honeet intention of the Bear Valley organizations to carry out the 
 plane outlined by them, and ae all were thoroughly agreed that irrigation was 
 essential to the development of the land within the proposed district, everyone 
 favored organization. The Alleseandro Irrigation District was accordingly 
 formed without opposition and approved by the Board of Supervisors on January 
 12, 1891. 
 
 In November, 1890, just prior to the organization of the district, 
 the Bear Valley corporations had been reorganized and the Bear Valley Irrigation 
 Company formed with a capital stock of 44,000,000, and it took over the rights, 
 privileges, works, lands and contracts of both the Bear Valley Land and Water 
 Company and the Bear Valley and Allessandro Development Company, issuing its 
 stock to these companies in payment. 
 
 The land included within the new district comprised an area of 5,500 
 acres, of which 1,600 to 2,000 acres was of land rendered unfit for irrigation 
 by reason of its topography. The remainder was of land of excellent quality, the 
 soil being for the most pert a decomposed granite. The lands were bought by the 
 pronoting company at from $10 to $20 per acre .which was a fair approximation of 
 the value of the land without a water supply for irrigation, and then sold for 
 an average price of over $60 per acre. To this was to be added a charge of C30 
 per acre for water rights, so that the value of tne land with water rights was 
 estimated at 95.87 per acre. The difference, therefore, of from $75 to $85 per 
 acre between theoe values represented the amount to be received by the Bear Valley 
 interests for subdividing the land and placing water upon it. Barley had been 
 practically the only crop raised by dry farming, but with irrigation it was pro- 
 posed to produce citrus fruits, olives, figs, grapes, and other valuable crops 
 so that the value of the land would be tremendously enhanced, presumably to an 
 

 cnoil brusl be*rbiua bjsrl oriff e^oriT . tox-rfala noiJasi-rtl oibn.^aallA eri* to 
 baaoqoiq juslq aitt lo \HLidi<3Ji9l vdj ai ittial aiiJfte bii SVE.I oJ moss Yascmoo 
 sftf Juo v 1 ^^ * enoiJ\ssxnjB3io ^oIlBV" 1*83 eftf io aoi.Msnx i-asaori arij nx brus 
 SJBW noiJ-B^Jt-ni Jflrf* fae^js xJWauo-jo.iJ- <new HB aji fan* .aie.U tf beniUuo arwlq 
 ,J"ji'ijsib i388oqo7cr ariJ 1 nZAtt-s bnsl erij lo ^a^raqolsveb eaJ o^ LBWftaaaa 
 asw J-oii^siQ noi^/sji'xil oibfWB^sIlA ertT .oi^J8Xi*s-,io baiovat 
 no aioaivi0qu3 Io faiod eriJ- ^d bavonqcr* b noi^iaoqco juoriJ-i* bsnnot 
 
 .1681 ,S1 
 iii) oitJ- to noiJ-JssJLmQio en^ oJ- 'loiiq J3i/t ,0681 . isdmovoH nl 
 
 sad" fan* besinja^iosi ndei OJSii artoiJ-B'ioo'ioo veiI*V mefl 
 srf* levo ioo* ti bna ,00<0,000^| lo Hoot 2 lexiqjBO a dJiw oomol 
 baa brtflJ n&IlBV ni!%d i^ ii-J-od lo ad-oiJnoo Una abtual .aiiow . 
 BJi ijjtluaai , ^njsqmoO J-nsinqoIavea oibo/J8saJ[I>i bros yoIIsV nae3 exit brm 
 
 . ctaau^sq rti ael/iEqntoo asaril ot 
 002, SS lo seiB na o^aiiomoo ^oiilsib van an^ axfiJi'-'/ bebwlsnx bsxel striT 
 
 i tol Jilnjj aeiooftdi biwl lo as* aaio 000, ^ o^ OOd,I rioiriw lo ,aoio* 
 ^^^^Il^.ox^ lo orusl lo as* tebniamoi eriT . xrfq^">3o<roj eji lo noasei ycf 
 vo' 9'iew r 5 bnBl 9fiT . e^iaBis faaaocjmooab ^ d-isa i-8 
 
 lo rtoiJ-jBinixoT;T3B nisi a su^r .-ioiriw, artoB ieq OS$ oj- 01$ moil 
 iol bloa nori* bus .ftoii'jsv.JLinx tol yLqcmn latsu B v wodiiw fanai edj- lo oulsv 
 
 I* ;ria B bebbjs so' oj- a*w oiiu oT .ei3 aeq 03^ Tevo lo 90iiq s^Kizve n& 
 aaw sJ-riglT ^9JB^lir itfiw bnal aaj 1 lo auJjsv ertf jfirij oa .airi^jn TSJ-BW 10! eia 
 rtaq 58$ ot 6V$ moil lo , 9iolnertt .soamsllxb eiiT . eio ieq ?8. 20| 
 
 : ecf oj J-nyoaja oiti" bsJ'floaenqsi eeol^v sseri^ 
 
 iei*.. f ^nxoBlq aB faosl adj 
 -01 .. i HOX^JJ ^ii iii-xw Jt;d ,3nxmisl Yi6 Y^ faaslBT qo*io 
 
 eqoTo sllrjulsv ^eado bns ,^90^1;] , . j. i , -.ovilo ,8^11.^:1 sunlxo eoubo'ia 
 
 ,nT8iJ- sd b jrifil sfit lo i/lv a;i* je/U- OB 
 
(5) 
 
 extent greater than the amount received by the Bear Valley companies. 
 
 Having secured the organization of the district, the Bear Valley 
 interests proceeded without delay to enter into an agreement to supply the dis- 
 trict with water. On May 6, 1891 an agreement fas made between the Allessandro 
 Irrigation District and the Bear Valley Irrigation Company for the exchange of 
 51,000 acre water right certificates (Class E) , each representing the right to 
 purchase one-eighth of a miners' inch of water, for bonds of the district in 
 the amount of $765,000. The delivery of the water was to begin as the lands 
 needed and were ready for irrigation, 500 miners' inches to be delivered beginning 
 June 1, 1891, and an additional 750 miners' inches to be delivered beginning on 
 the first of April of each succeeding year until 1899 when a final increase of 
 625 miners' inches would make a total of 6,375 miners' inches, the amount con- 
 tracted for. Although the major portion of the Bear Valley Irrigation Company's 
 performance under thie agreement was to be done _in i ' iiturp , the district at once 
 transferred to the company {765,000 in bonds which had been voted on March 7, 
 1891. Under tne terms of sale, the bear Valley Irrigation Company was bound 
 to build a distribution system with a pipeline to the Highest point in each 10 
 acre tract sold by it. These works would become the property of those who had 
 purchased the land from the company and those who had secured the land from other 
 parties (there were 4,500 acres of land in the district not owned by the Bear 
 Valley people) would have to supply their own distribution works. The main works 
 were all to remain the property of the Bear Valley Irrigation Company, eo that 
 the district, as an organization, would receive no property of any kind under 
 the agreement except the right to purchase water. 
 
 o i- a r 
 
 The value of the water rights for which the district parted with its 
 { 765 ,000 worth of bonds was thus dependent on the ability and good faith of the 
 

 I. aaxiurcfnco \II*V lesS aril ycf bavxaotn IOUOCIB eiil nfiiil lalae-t^ Inelxa 
 / TjBj3 a.il .Isiilaxb aril lo aoxisaxruniia aril 
 ~8xi c. ol InamaoigB ft* olui islna ol Y*lQb looriljtw oebesooitt al 
 
 ;dl naewlsd sJafisr ssw Irtamasigj* itB XPSi ,d Y*M "0 . idd-J3r 
 
 lo eartBtioxB srij -iot ^naqraoO aoiJ-B^inil ^ellcV ixjeS sdiJ- brus J-oi'itslQ 
 
 oj- J-a^ii aid- guinea ertgst rioee , (S aIO) ae^oilid-'iea i-.isit te^aw STOB 000,15 
 
 rtx to abnod rtcl ( ie^BVlo rJorii 'aienxm * ^o iti'iiaxa-.ano eaarfoluq 
 
 abnal anj SB aigecf of <wsw isJaw oiU- lo ^Tevilsb sal ,OOO t 2dV| lo tniiorcus 
 
 -isvxleb ad o* aerioni ' aienxa; 002 , noid'B.-u'nx iol ijbJBai anaw bna 
 no ^ffjcnni^ao' i>ivili) ad ot aariofti 'aTanim 02? iBrtoiJ'xbbd OB bnc , XSSI ,1 
 1* aaB9iol laoi! B nedw 9681 lii-ftu isay ^flxbaeootja tiojBa lo Ixn^qA lo Jaixl 
 
 <B . . ' 
 
 -; >TJB arft , asiionx 'aneaia 5T,3 lo IBJ-OJ- s esiem blijow aerfonx 'sianxiB 3Sd 
 
 s'x- ; .rtoits^inl Ya-^-^V ocaS aril lo noiJiocr iotn sal n^ortllA .10! ba^ojnl 
 
 aono l-o loiiialo adl , jQ'ui'l^l eaob ad ol aaw lamaai:js oxril tebnu aoositnoliaq 
 
 ,V .. -so belov nsacf ixpa doiriw abaocf nx 000,cd?$ vwcjBioa afll 
 
 vriBqraoD noxlflgiail vellcV taad aril , alsa lo smial edl labrtU . 
 01 l89fiin ail ol a.illaqiq fi tlliar ra9l~6 % {^ noJttudlil^ib js blxuof ol 
 
 bjsri oriw aooiil to ^tlsq'jir aiil amooiad blijow aotuow aaariT .11 ^d bloa lostl 
 ^a- edl baiwoea bfiri onw aaodl bB ^flBoraoo enl moil bius! aiil 
 
 iftifl bsnwo Ion loxilaxb aril nx iwtel lo saio* 002, > na* 1 / artetil) aaxltjeo 
 
 B)- .--a aifiP .aafiow rtoiluol-rlaib nwo lisd* vXrca ol evsii bXoow (elqoaq 
 
 liil 09 . xnBfiaoO aoilJB3i-nl Yi-CV teg eiil lo y^eiie^o axil nxBmei ol lie 
 
 lebnw bxtii yns lo \;liaqoiq oa svxaoan blt/ow .fxoilBsifUB^io OB aa .loxtlaxb aril 
 
 . talBw eaarioiuq ol Irf^xi arft Iqaoxa ineme&^^B aril 
 
 eli -ilivv balTtJsq loiilaxb aril rfsiriw tel alri^it i&lcw adl lo atflfl'v edT 
 a.;- l<- - 0003 bnB x*-i-t-i- fi 3il * o Jnebaeqafa si/ill ^r tlw^ \a dl-r <3t)6,2dT| 
 
(6) 
 
 Bear Valley Irrigation Company . The reports of various engineers of high 
 standing, among them James D. Schuyler, Jamee T. Taylor, and others, made for 
 the Ferris Irrigation District, lying east of the Allessandro Irrigation District 
 and planning to take water from the Bear Valley Irrigation Comnany, were favorable 
 to the physical features of the plan. Wm. Kan. Hall, forner State Engineer of 
 California, was employed by the State Association of Irrigation Districts to 
 give a report on the Allescandro Irrigation District (as well as other districts) 
 and in hie report for this district and for the Ferris District, he expressed 
 himself as being well satisfied that the Bear Valley Irrigation Company could and 
 would deliver the water contracted for in the manner specified. So far as is 
 known, the only engineer reporting adversely to the districts on the details of 
 the Bear Valley Company's proposal, was A. H. Koebig of Los Angelea . Feeling 
 entirely certain, therefore, that the water supply for the district would be 
 forthcoming as agreed for, the district without hesitation delivered its bonds 
 to the Bear Valley Irrigation Company. 
 
 The company carried out punctually its agreement for the construction 
 of distribution works within the district, expending about $18 per acre on the 
 work. The main line for the delivery of water to the district was not, however, 
 completed according to the proposed plans. Instead of a canal with a capacity 
 of over 6, COO inches, a pipeline with a capacity of about 1,000 inches was cons- 
 tructed from !,'ill Creek, above Redlands, to the district, and for about three 
 
 *.. ** 
 
 years a supply of some 700 miners' inches was delivered. 
 
 It had been understood by the public and stated by the officials of 
 the Bear Valley Irrigation Company that the funde received from trie sale of land, 
 from the sale of bonds or other values received from the sale of water rights, 
 or fron-. any other source , would be employed in the work of completing the new 
 

 signe SIJOXTJBV lo 
 10 1 afejsai , aiortfo 603 t ioI\T .T aesssl ,tslxiio3 .a aacrOBt msrij- 
 
 floxjjsjjtnl oiixiBssellA actf to Jajsa asi^l JoiiJsia rtoitssxiil allied 
 old 'jxnl \01IflV i^aS ail* met': loJMaw eils? oi sninnslq dm* 
 
 lo J3 laniol , IXflH .iaeH .JSW .alc? ec? lo 
 
 oJ- .;jj9ji 1 ttl 16 ctoiJ-BXoosaA 9^*3 sdt vc r 
 
 (atoiiJaii) loriJ-o as IIe\ir BJB) d-sxrt^sia aoid-B^iTiI onbnssaoIlA e^W no 
 
 baaaenqxo an 4 *oi7i-Bxa aiins'I &dt id one ^oxtd-axb axrit to'i *io--si alii nJt boa 
 
 bos olijco TjnBqjnoO noxi"jfj;,iTiI ^Il\T tjesS orit ^ii* faeilai^fie Hew ^nxed B llsafairf 
 
 ai . , t c2 .bsxlioecia iomtsin ddd 1 al TOl --ie^ajEii-noo ia^Br ent isvxlsij bluow 
 
 lo ali .J 1 no ajoi- -..-ii- oi 1 \lefjiovb 381*10^-^1 isartiv-ns \Lsio eii* .rtworOf 
 
 3^i.Ma3a .aelaanA aoj lo ^ideo^ .ii .A ae , Ififjoqoiq a'^o^rmoO xa-f^V teel atit 
 
 ad bluow joxi^gjtb eri* lo'i >{Iqque ieJ~J8w eii* fedf ,eTol9ToiiJ- ,nijBi- 
 atii. ' fasiQvlIab noiJ-jjjxsori J'uori^xw Joii^axb ant ,iot baei^js BA 
 
 .vaaq^oO noxJjS^xnl ^elljs 1 / icaS eri* o* 
 .c tol ^iiaineeijjs a^i ^ll&aj ontrq *uo baxnjBo ^njscmos adT 
 
 no eiojB iaq 81$ tyod gnxbasqxe ^oxi^axb 9tf axiUiar aiio* noii-tfrfxii-Blfa lo 
 ,isva',voa , J-ori asw loxitalb ari* o* la^jsw lo -^isvlleb erii- 10! anil nxBrn arfT . 
 
 ^i cu: laauo B lo i)3a^8fll . SiUJlc baaoqoiq 9*1* ot gnibioooB 
 
 -cnoo .)0, 1 j'uocffi lo \HoBQB9 e rftxw snilaoiq u .sationJ: 000,5 isvo lo 
 
 a 10! bus .i-oiid-axb ea* ot .abnalbsH evoiis ,XeeiO IfxM aoil 
 
 . baisvileb gflvp issrioax 'aia.txm OoV amoe lo Y^Q 08 A 
 lo aJDsxoillo aa* ^cf bsi-fii-e bus oJUtfiirq il^ \;cf boo^siabnw n-sacf bsri *1 
 ,bosl lo alaa an* moil bavxaoai 3bnul edt J'BiU yn> .oxj-ej-.xiil vall^V teeS 
 
 to eifls oii^ moil bvx809T no0Iv larflo 10 a&nocf to 0lBa arid- moil 
 w ^ lo Jlio*' a.ij nj -^w , 
 
(7) 
 
 dam at the Bear Valley reservoir in order that the company might be in a 
 position to fulfill its contracts and deliver the large quantities of water 
 represented by them. Instead of so doing, the company distributed large divi- 
 dends to its stockholders and did comparatively little towards carrying out 
 
 It y\8 .**'<.;' ^133 Cai . 38*^' 'tnat V:* I 
 the work according to its agreement. During the eight months from January 31, 
 
 1893 to September 30, 1893, for example, the company expended $286,374.54 for 
 construction and improvements to plant, and distributed $202,350 in dividends. 
 D. E. Meyer, of Riverside, who is now the largest landowner of the district, 
 states that about $900,000 was thus distributed in dividends. As a result of 
 
 C-a'/ilirf: . -Of --"'? 'it..v:r 3x:i- ?f ".Off /Ol<?el8f , k*-x 
 
 such mismanagement, the Bear Valley Irrigation Company was forced into bank- 
 ruptcy and a receiver appointed. 
 
 & ' . \ 
 
 For a short time the receiver continued to furnish the Allessandro 
 
 Irrigation District with a small quantity of water but about 1895 even this 
 
 supply was cut off and the district was left entirely without water for irri- 
 
 Ncj^f r-f -:,.-.- Rivers? id County Fvts<,r ; ,er ..c-ir, . .". . . .'-$% 
 
 gation. During the period when it was confidently believed and expected that 
 
 the Bear Valley Irrigation Company would furnish the district with an adequate 
 
 water supply cajiy settlers had come in and the community had grown rapidly. 
 
 '<('.. iriiiy <>} ?: t . ' ">:.*tc-. .' * . 2.r r,tui teft.fi ; >!' or u _.." i .* n, tfit dX' 
 There were about ICO families in the district, two poet offices, six schools, 
 
 and a thriving community seemed firmly established. About 4,000 acres of land 
 were planted to orchards and vineyards, the remainder of the land being devoted 
 to raising wheat and barley. Land values had risen to about ('125 per acre. 
 The failure of the Bear Valley Irrigation Company and the shutting off of the 
 meager water supply eoon afterward, discouraged everyone. People moved away 
 
 from the district and took their houses with them. No taxes were paid and from 
 
 7 is* tux* -.:.-. ..._ .;:.. j-'-e '.-.** iuHkg tus i.-:t-c ',-. of, Xfc dia*.ri-r f . ** 
 1895 on no interest was paid on the bonds. Inasmuch ae no practical value had 
 
 been received for the bonds issued, the people felt that tne bonds should not 
 be paid and organized a defense association to fight against the payment of any 
 part of tne indebtedness of the district. 
 
a ax du -d^ira ^osqtaoo SiiJ ;b i to ui lioviyaei usILaY teaS ed* J- 
 
 Ho aaiJ-iJ-iifciio a^-isl &-U 'xavlleb b s*o* r uo3 aJx Iliilt/l ot noxJxaoq 
 -xvxb agT^I btJuJiileii) ^fuscrmoo saj .aaxcb os to bes-faa! .meitt x^ beJcwseiqan 
 Juo ^rux* 1 " 1 * QiruivroJ eld'til x-leviteTUKjcroo bib ban sieblorlilooJa ati oJ abneb 
 ,X Y 161 ^^'" '"^oil artfacmi Crisis 8^ ^xiwa .j-anaei^jB all o^ atibiosojs aiow e^t 
 10: fr5.*VS,d8S$ ijaonaqxa xas^ 00 8 *l* t Iqsx tol , SP61 ,0 T8dmaJ-qd3 oi 681 
 ,abai)ivib ai 026,20^ bsJ-usfxiJ-sib bfl .Jiwlq o^ e^naa/oiqc!i orts iioxi-yu^snoo 
 ,JsxiJ-3ib 8ii? lo leawotiatsl *3-j^U8l nJ woa i odw ^bienovifi lc ^exeM .3 .1 
 'to Jli-svi A .abrjsbivib .ii bs^udxiJ-sxb au^iJ- a*.w 3CX) t 30ei? iuote itsdt 
 oiol 3fl <jnscmo-'J aox^jsgXTiI xelJJsV isaS er 
 
 .be^tixoqq* levxaoai u 
 
 9f\i rtaxaict o^ bet'riiJ'itco levxaoai e;tf ariJ 1 Gloria a 
 
 tf nevs e63i J-uocfa Jud id-J8w lo Y*^"*"? Ile^a JB 
 
 iol -id^BW i'yoiii'iw vl^xJne J-l&I a^w i-oxijaifa eil ba llo tuo aa* 
 
 beJoeaxa oas osvsllscf Y^ n9 -t^ noD 8 -fi* ^^ astiw boxTsq out ^nlnud . 
 
 a* a^iw ^oxid-aib sd^ daimul bLaow xf**'?" ^ aoitB^xml YIIsV 
 
 oTj bd /tJcnucunoo oitf bas ax aaroo 
 
 XX3 .asoillo J^oq owi^ .^aiT^axb era fti asiiinuBl 001 J'trod eisw 
 to 33'xojt; 000,^ JuodA .beiiaxI^J-as X'& fl ' 1 -i l bane a 3 ^d-xnwramoo -^livi-iiU a bna 
 be-ovei) yoisd bxtsl aat lo TaboxB^ai anj' t zbisi\&niv bafl ibnBrioio o* ba^oalq 9T9W 
 . 9TOB isq 5SI; J-uoJa oJ flaaxi bjed aeuLsv baJ .\9lifd bos j-jaed 
 lo lie ^rti^uas srit bos xn^^oU 00x^3x111 YoiLsV oesa sri* lo 
 
 bavoa 
 
 moil boa fciflq srte* ^QxsJ- oH .mertJ^ ri^iw aeauori ixsAT Xoo^ bfl i"ji*tJaxb Qd4" moil 
 b^d euiBV Ls-'ilJOj-iuq on ac iioi/masnl , sbaocf &oj no bljsq 8v t39idJni on no 
 i'oa bluoiis abfloo a^ i-aaJ 1 Hal alqo&q e*if .bswasi abnocf saj IQ\ bevxeoei 
 ' Jri6ffl\q ertfr - : 'i3 senoleb B 9$.ift,e3io bns bisn 
 
 .1: .. to Baenbaj-ddbnx e.i^ lo 
 
(8) 
 
 Following the failure of the dietrict , certain bondholders attempted 
 
 r, t:;t. .-,''' <*,irs ef the csiTmct *i* t-nis *.j*9^r*u\I? *..x,l*: 1 --:'- 
 to enforce payment of the bonds. The matter was brought to trial in the case 
 
 of time on v. Alleeeandro Irrigation Dietrict, which was decided by the Supreme 
 roni'f t*r --oU- v : ir.s? ?.*-*r V'-.l.'oy Irri^.;? tion . -wip*.:- to nWJjr 1. : >-rt-r.\. ?au--,i*ei. 
 Court of California in favor of those who were contesting the validity of the 
 
 bonds. It was held (135 Cal . 389) that the 765,000 bonds were absolutely void 
 
 because they were delivered for a consideration not permitted by the terms of 
 
 ; : : ?i -I'-'r : i*D iii t-K infue <v *;; bend a t '.*:: tiis* tv*y wart *" i ..icct*r j , -:"' --? TV 
 the Bright law and because the Bear Valley Irrigation Company never delivered 
 
 more than one-ninth of the water contracted for. It was also held that the 
 t.-.*rtfer* /nn ubj*at t& *. # e? ji'^ulf 1 J.*nt -*>w ili<- _.." *icflre*in 
 later receivers of the bonds, the First National Bank of Redlands, the Columbia 
 
 Savings Bank of Los Angeles , and the Citizens Bank of Los Angelee , had notice 
 
 when they purchased and received the bonds that the law governing the issuance 
 
 f rou- t ri- ". ',-*:'.?" * p$. \s*r j '*" > r* ! ' / ' :' r i 'Vf *' !>-"/ " '? * 
 
 of the bonds had not been complied with, and that since Stimson had received the 
 
 coupons upon which the suit was brought with knowledge of the transaction, the 
 bonds were absolutely void and uncollectible. Following this decision, Judge 
 Noyee of the Riverside County Superior Court, decreed on November 28, 1899, 
 that the district had never in law existed. This, however, was not deemed final 
 and in 19C5 the directors of the district began proceedings to determine the 
 
 validity of the proceedings which had been held for dissolving the dietrict. An 
 
 _--.;;- ?:.<** ; * 'tr****? , OrftRg?* * ."*.it. ; *.. >' * ' -- ' **c . T * "'rtly tiy 
 election was held on April 29, 1905 to determine whether or not the district 
 
 fhould be dissolved, its indebtedness liquidated and its assets distributed, and 
 
 > r ,-*"'..?' 'i * - -; '. * ' r- '," 
 
 by a unanimous vote (28 votes cast) it was decided to sell the land of tne dis- 
 trict and dissolve. The indebtedness was computed to be $9,638.81 and the land 
 owned by the district (about 20,000 acres taken for non-payment of taxes) was 
 
 '. * *-i : , 
 
 sold at public auction to D. E. Meyers for $9,883.10 or less than $.50 per 
 acre. The outstanding indebtedness being thus disposed of, the dietrict was 
 declared dissolved by Judge J. S. Noyes , Superior Judge, Riverside County, on 
 September 3C, 1905. 
 

 bo* bbio.tbnoJ aiaJ-neo , Jsx'Waifa sitf io s~iuxjst ariJ ^ni 
 
 Isi'iJ of id-^uoid 33* IQJJBB> enT . sbnoa octf to j-aQiDyaq so'iotns of 
 
 - i{d bebxoeb saw aoxiiw , Joi*tfxa rtoxJaaivxl oabafiassIiA .v noamiJS to 
 s^iJ io v.- ' e*i- ^njL^adlaoo 8T3\? Oiiw ssoiij to iowsl nx axmo'txJJsD lo J"n;oO 
 
 Oiov \lrtuLo9dB 9i8W abctoJ 000,5dV$ eti^ tsdi (^bE . LeO 6I) blod SBW 
 to sfflt^- oiii' yd oad-jxuiibq ton noxj"fliefaia.'ioo s iol ooi&vxlsb 919* 
 ^a'lsvxlsb T&VO x;iu)qiiioO noxJegiTiI velJjsV ifle3 srij- aaiJJcosd one we I W^ 
 
 ; J-BiU olori oaljs saw d-I .lot fasJ'afl'iJ-noo teJ'jBw aril to ciJrjxit-s.io 
 ; oaJ- .nbnslba.P to ^nen iBnoxJ-B/i J-Bix'l dtiJ ,aano^ 9i"iJ lo a'l 
 
 bed , aala^nA soj 'io jineS ansji^xO aiii bnfi aalsi-.nA aoJ 16 
 
 a^ ^nxma/oa B! a*V Jen* aonod o^ bsvisosT JOE 
 
 JbavxeoaT i)*ra noemUS aonia ^Ba^ i)ae ,riJx/r faexlc/aoo ne-jJ' Jon b*ri abnoo' aiij- to 
 aJ ti . fieti 8fil to ;i;i a^xv J'liyuoid af'7 4"iUB onJ rioxfinr noqu anoquoo 
 
 83bifL ^oxsiosb aiaiT .gax'volloi aUxJosiloon,. bne oxov \Laiui2atiB aie abnod 
 
 ,6 , iscfmsvoVi no baeioeb .J-iuoD ioiiacu3 ytnuQ^ sbxBTevx^ oixt io 
 Itmx i barnaab i"oa aew .lavssron , ax.iT . baJ 1 aixs wsl ni navan b*ri i-oli'aib aril 
 
 arid" a) . .j oJ" 3; 5 nxx>9O30iq A-^ocf joxi^axo aaJ to aio-omxa snl 061 ni bus 
 
 nA .J'oiijaib eiij- ^flxvloaaib lot blea naod bii rioxiiw a^nibsaooiq en> to 
 
 j-oiiJ-gxb oiii' Jon 10 -isrijeuw enxmaJ'^b oJ 1 2091 , 9u fiiqA no blaii z&v .lo 
 boe ,b-, .xb atasea a;x bnii be^soxupil aeonbai-^obax eJx .bsvlonaxb ed bli/oria 
 
 -sxb sri* to bnjsi sdl Ilao ol babxoso BJSW Jx (taBo aajov 8S) aov auoaiaenu B \d 
 
 dael s.ij 1 bn IS.SSd,?^ eel oJ- lied-uqmoo BKV oeeabsJ'dsbnx sriT . avIoTjx.H brte 
 tow (aaxa.fr to ^aamysq-mon lot nejUJ aeTOB 000, Oi; j-uo^fjs) loxij-^ib orfj- ^ 
 
 ^yq 02.5 nxt.tJ ^asl 10 01.888,?^ not aiaijaul .2 .3 oJ- nox^oua flifdwq j 1 * bloa 
 w jo. ant ; to bseogsib eurti ytxad esonbelJabni jnxbttaJ-eJ-jJO ariT . 
 
 sbxmavxH t s^bL'I, "loxiaqt'S , aaxoH .3 .L a^bil vd bsvlo^axb b8n/>Io 
 
 .5061 ,D 
 
(9) 
 
 Although the affaire of the district were thus apparently settled once 
 and for all, the bondholders have not accepted the decisions as final. The 
 bonds were sold by the Bear Valley Irrigation Company to many different parties, 
 some of them being residents of other countries, and it is claimed that these 
 parties were purchasers in good faith, for value, and without notice of any 
 irregularities in the issue of the bonds, and that they were "innocent purchasers" 
 rithin the meaning of the law dealing with negotiable instruments , and were 
 therefore not subject to the defenses of insufficient and illegal consideration 
 which had been set up against the parties to the suit of Stimson v. Allessandro 
 Irrigation District. Parties holding bonde to the amount of over $500,000 have 
 brought suit against the district on the grounds above stated and the cases have 
 not yet (1911) been decided. 
 
 Until the cloud : which the heavy bonded indebtedness represented in 
 these suits places upon the land titles within the district, is removed, the 
 district will labor under a heavy handicap. About 500 acres of land are now 
 being irrigated with water brought from I'ill Creek but the users of this water 
 have expressly agreed that the water right shall remain in those from hom they 
 purchase the water. Oranges are raised on this irrigated land. The only other 
 crop of importance which is now produced within the district is barley. Land 
 if? said to be worth about $40 per acre , but were the question of the bonded 
 indebtedness finally settled, the value of the land would doubtless be much 
 higher. Until a final decision is received as to the standing of the bondholders 
 who claim to be "innocent Purchasers" the future of the district will continue 
 uncertain. 
 
 
.v, . _A 
 
 .aaioe OOC3 BwiA - 2661 ,XG \-u.W!UJt basing-*} - \inuol) aaXa^nA aoj 
 
 t* sXJUittooi 4Tur sooJU baJjRDoX ap* Jsi'tfaxa aoxJfiaxTtl BSO^BOTK wiT 
 
 ijn . ,o j!59#;i,!-uc>3 Ss.-X.Lv. 5 i yea's A6lie;V jqoXaJrtA lo a^be marUrv/oa en* 
 
 ,H .H sxliafcl e3 on* lo anil euJ no enaxJ-eJs iiJ-od) aXjBOKiX*;^ "io Jaaw a&Iiffl 6 
 
 ^.. aiii- oi- ani^O ,M d6 .3 .d .3 *ae^ 1 SaXtMH .-.ttion 3 qinsn^oT ni (.oO 
 
 lo liJ-nao eui ox si Ji j3n^ isivjijii sl^J-il B 3-t ILs'taiJBT o^ sIIiiHJ-ool a.ii" lo 
 
 bxca si Ji bne oi^^xiii -tuoctfiw ^jiw aeiKi od" sldiasoq si tl ^ 
 artf lo aoiJ-^siflBjjio edJ o^ ijiil .ii3s.iuoll Ili^ abivRrto-io yn^o ooog d 
 J-.. . . . wSiij-aib e.iJ" aLnJ'iv ^i>t9i;bfii ea* -i&w %nisl.Bi ^o4. . 
 
 dii-'oas o^ iaeiiaeb x*^* OB eaiii JjBjtf J'JB booriTOod^idn arid' ai sia&'ii't lo 
 
 9-i^ 1 wsiv ni bne axa^ 1 rfj-iW .taerf'v oj- noiJlbfaje i ^ijnidJ' io*ito eei^T o* 
 on 8# eisrJT .5P81 ,IS v 1 *^"^^ no bssiosr^o YllBrti'i hni O^BOPOIO 
 
 .j'oxijBib sui 1 'to rtoiJ'.fMHiot 34J" 
 B d'nafinii.&v&D srfJ" motl be^aa^Bq bn^X bd^yv 
 
 flii^ oa ,.oO .K .fl oiliofi ! aier{^u.o3 enJ \3 ben-A ooeJ ajsv? 
 .36" blari vtiE-pHoO JBOOI/Y enT .a&ic* OS 'io 061 lo BJiau nz xXa^ial aie* 
 
 eitf-no 94"v on bed \eiiJ' 991000 to tud .aJ'oai^ s^teX 
 -alb &. / oJ- faewoXIe naecf b*a ^arfj 'tx vX^JBdoi 4 ! . 
 
 isq OX? Jooj J-B bXart a*w ortBj .basxrtfi^o nssd svrri i-on bluoo 
 3^*w lo eoiuos a tx dnj?X skif^JLiii aj;?* ^oii^axo eiij-ng 9;T 
 j-uo-js J-nioc B J-/ tfafliO eso^tfsaA. stit mtsb of baeoqoiq aaw fl .bnuol scf U!JJOD 
 -uuj aguotrii' Taj-jaw arft ^evnoo bna yXXsv sdj' oJ aoftfiana s^i svorfs 
 qoiqif.Biui at w iae-io aii^ "io leze-a stif aA .J'ox'iJ'axb artt o^* jjnoX eXlm j ^ 
 esw Jx , ariJriom nstomfjg 'idJ 1 ^nxtufa ijeXI?'/ stii iii mil ^O.T bib raueeiJE ariJ- bos 
 erij no boXxl s/sn oJ 1 a. toii*aib arid" bap a^risxi es^rfoawq eJ 
 
 taora atiJ- ne -leriO eot bitB Xria nriol , I.UwG 
 
 on* oJxn m ^abxvoTtq >jafti- one S-aii^-nxfa eri^ lo 
 
(2) 
 
 lines and estimated the cost of the proposed works. It was found that the 
 vater supply obtainable was not large enough for the district and that the ex- 
 pense of securing it would have been prohibitive. Accordingly when the bond 
 election came , opinion had veered around so that even the promoters of the 
 district were convinced of the wisdom of discontinuing operations and tne bonds 
 were defeated. 
 
 The district had no litigation. It has no outstanding indebtedness, 
 no organization or activity, but is not legally dissolved. Its failure, or 
 ratfier, its discontinuance as an active concern was due to lack of feasibility 
 of the nlan, which was fortunately recognized in proper time. The district had 
 
 ** I - - 
 
 no effect on the prosperity of the comnunity. ifce expenses incident to surveying 
 had been oet by Swall, Dahl and Charbonnel and the district never reimbursed 
 them. Things went on just as before until the drouth of the later 90' s forced 
 many people to move away from the section, so that even at the present tiroe 
 conditions in the district have not improved much over those of twenty years ago. 
 
 ..-. :>-. tiisfiad afc*rfcolaere of ti*e 'Jr.isn <t?r CMQXU^T I*lt tkat Ut n? .1^ :: 
 i.2 .',. or. f A, ' . fti-vs, tiers ?. "* : -"- . ',: r.-.n* r ^ -ci".i:r v .r :xd of fce'-^ir-^ 
 
 
 , . 
 
 -? ielt 
 
 
 . . sm o 
 
.r jarid- btmol saw *I . a:i r i. oaonq 9i# lo Jaoo UJ bsJemxJea fan* 
 
 -x r brie J-oiilaib eai- to'i ii^upite 8311* I *o a*sw altonxflJcfo *{Iqqua 
 
 . tvij-lcfiitoir; nsaa' averf bivov ii ^niiuose 'to 
 jwortq sat nv& tjt.cuT os fanuoie i>sT9ev txeti aoinxqo , arrtBO 
 rfT^qo ^nxuniJ-nooaib ^o mobsjhv e>ii^ 'io bsonivnoo s-isw 
 
 ,a,! . :'3bx jrtioafiJajuo oa ai:d J~I .aolif^t^l.i on oi.il loivaib eriT 
 
 loaaxi) x^^J^-t . i"on ai J-i.--' , Civile.*: TO noiJ-jaBxiuj^-vo on 
 'to aoel oJ" auo a/?'* mooaco SVXJ-OJB OB ejf son-.-uai Jn : osxb scrl .'jertJ'fiT 
 SiiT . en:xj iwcoiq ai buxxn^oos'x x^^^^'^" 10 * 3- 1 |V "3iii' s iiwItJ eilJ" lo 
 oi 1 ^ .^x& art: . \;i-xr;iif.-tioo wil lo ^.ti'iiv^aoiq^ saj co J-oelle on 
 
 be^.' . . ; ^oJt'rfeJEb eri* Ienaca'teri.0 bii Irisu , JI^wS \tf ^era need ixt-ri 
 beoiol a'oe 79J-.&I eiit tc eri^ CiJnt e-io't&cf s> J-ur nc ^e>" e^niiiT . 
 
 srij- Ifc neve 0-ariJ oa .nojtjoee sriJ noil -^J8* OVOK o^ &iqet>q 
 lo s^OiU levo iiouui L>svoic,anj; Jon Qvsri j-ox 
 
ANAHEIM laRiaVTION DISTRICT. 
 
 ,' -s; - ,: : '. -, 
 
 Orange County - Organized April 1, 1889 - Area 33,000 acres. 
 
 etoak 
 
 '": . - I :'-cr. tv <.,/: it . . 
 
 The Anaheim Water Company was organized in the late 'sixties and 
 
 delivered water to a number of settlers in the neighborhood of Anaheim. In 1876 
 
 ** <*. la^dhnlc . . 
 
 the Cajon Canal Company was organized and supplied water to lands west of Yorba. 
 
 Both of these companies took water from the Santa Ana River and in 1878 the 
 Anaheim Water Company bought a half interest in the Cajon Company and began to 
 
 .. " - 
 
 take its water from the Cajon ditch, each company paying half of the expense of 
 maintenance. The Cajon Canal was completed in 1879 and land under it doubled in 
 value . In 1884 these two companies consolidated and incorporated as the Anaheim 
 Union Water Company with a capital stock of $1,200,000 of which 7,000 shares were 
 issued at that time. Landowners who had expected another rise in the market 
 value of land after the consummation of this consolidation were disappointed and 
 many became dissatisfied with the management of the Anaheim Union Water Company. 
 In 1887 the Wright Irrigation Act passed the State Legislature and the 
 dissitisfiea shareholders of the Union Yt'ater Company felt that the new plan of 
 
 organization furnished them a means of bettering conditions and of securing water 
 
 ' - ' ?ja 'iv * >* ' 
 
 at a cheaper rate, although the charge had previously been merely sufficient to 
 
 cover running expenses. Accordingly a movement for the organization of an irri- 
 gation district under the Wright law was begun. The Anaheim Union Yiater Company 
 only covered 12,000 acres at that time and it was felt that by building storage 
 reservoirs and improving the canals of tne company, a much larger area could be 
 served. The Yorba settlement was entitled to a continuous flow of SCO miners' 
 inches and it was felt that if this section could be included in the district, 
 their right would merge with the other rights of the district and the section 
 around Anaheim would not be obliged to rmain subject to a prior appropriation 
 by the Yorba people . A third motive for the organization of the district was 
 the desire of the small landholders to have more influence in affairs, as under 
 
.: ' " 
 
 300 , 
 
 4 1 Lcnqj \dm- 
 
 9orii to 
 
 \tTjp(^troO 
 
 essr.i- 
 
 bi . xle' sJ^I 9ftf ni fc< -. stw vneemoC 
 
 H: . lA lo boorfiodrigisfl sri* . I^ee lo -isdiaun oJ- tetew 
 
 [ oj- I;|MBW bilcreira farts bssxtt^io arw liatiqincC ijerteO not0 
 eci^- SVfcl ni i) t v teviH BiiA J?trtB-i eri* tr.cil 'ivi't.< Xcot 
 o^ bni' 'iRBqirioG noi/iO en^ fij JBO'xi^tTi llirf e 
 
 lo ; eilJ 1 lc llea ^nlyfic \nBqa< 
 
 ni bnjp T bn 9V6I ni 
 
 iris. .J- a^ beJ-jeioq*to:j;ii bn be-^xlonnco eeJtru-qaioo 
 
 8 ''JO,V rfoiiivj lo 000,002, X; lo jfoota j>^iqjso R ritiw 
 
 i-Bi.- . ox oei-: lari^oru; beJ-oeqxe Sixi orfw snafiwobn^J . amiJ- 
 
 b&>' . .'3ic ST9Y/ noiJ-r bilosnco sJ;fr to aold-Bmtit'ajTco s^j- Te-l 
 
 rcoJtnt* miftJienA en'J 'to tneiifejjBKBm siit ritiw 3sz'l3i*B83Xb arrujsocf 
 
 3j 9j-f;i3 erf* bea'asq J-oA nolfe^iiil iAgtia adj V88I I 
 lo oelq wan enj J-^Uu v f l&l xfusco:oO ictfiitf noiflU e.^ lo anebloiirusAa 
 lo bat ancxi'iiifico ^niisJ^e- lo gnfism js coDilJ- b.uiexmt.'l 
 
 x-C 6 ' 1 ^' 51 ^ad xloijoxvai'q jjsri o^iiirio 6ii* ri^L-OiiJlj: , sjei leqeatis B ie 
 -XTIX njs lo no iif, s iiws^no stii' 10! ifiaciovom ^l^fixbiooor. . soenecxs jninnui -evoo 
 -v oinU (nxeiifcitf. eiiV .ra^aa' aw WE! 
 -i xo J"--'!* 
 
 isj-JsW noxnU 
 
 lo 
 
 J"x bite 
 
 leJbiu; -oiijexb n 
 000S1 ofaievoo \Irto 
 
 lo 
 
 fc lo wIl eucwiiirico JB 
 
 J- rsx bebyloni scf biwoo noid'oee 
 1* bae Joxijsxo e;ij lo 
 
 eri 
 
 &t; jsa'ioY rfT . b 
 J-Jo'l asw jx to* oerioni 
 03^6m blpow ^iisi'i ixeril 
 
 .c i-. oJ" Jo 
 
 
 of csgilno scf ^oa blifow. mlaosnA 
 
 . elqoaq cfioY erii 1 
 
 
(2) 
 
 the Anaheim Union 'iVater Company the large landholders held the majority of the 
 stock and controlled the company. 
 
 Of course the Yorba settlers, from whom it was proposed to take away 
 a valuable water right, were violently opposed to the district and voted against 
 its organization unanimously. Likewise the large landholders who held the 
 controlling interest in the Anaheim Union V/ater Company did not wish to lose 
 their control nor did they wish to have the valuable water rights which had 
 been acquired and vhich were held for the benefit of their land, made appur- 
 tenant to an area two and one-half times as great, and they were strongly 
 opposed to the formation of the district. These parties obstructed the pro- 
 ceedings for organization in every way possible so that a year was spent in 
 securing the approval of the Board of Supervisors to the petition for organiza- 
 tion, but this end was finally secured and the Anaheim Irrigation District was 
 declared organized April 1, 1839. 
 
 The district included 33,000 acres of which 3,000 acres of land lying 
 adjacent to the river was not suitable for irrigation or profitable cultivation 
 on account of the sandy nature of the soil. The district was about 17 miles in 
 length and at its widest place, near Anaheim, was 7 miles in width. The Cajon 
 canal was the northern and the Santa Ana River, for the most part, the southern 
 boundary . The land was splendidly suited to irrigation and much of it has since 
 been irrigated. 
 
 James D. Schuyler and K. Clay Kellogg were employed by the district 
 to report on the nature and cost of the work necessary to improve and enlarge 
 the existing system of the Ananeim Union \Vater Company (which system it was 
 proposed to purchase) in order to make it cover the entire area of the new dis- 
 trict. ~.'r. Schuyler reported in favor of improveiients in the system as follows: 
 (1) reconstruction, relocation, and extension of canals and ditches, and lining 
 

 ertt- to \^. . :::! artJ \ai;qaio^ i&-i<; : ox;iU mxai 
 
 . 'tfttK-fljoo saj- csIlciJ'noo OB 
 ^J. vie as SI fl:ori# c-oii .tnali^ba ^cf'ioY SA^ eeiuco 10 
 
 K joxr-j-alb SiU o* toSBOqqo xJtta&Ioxv eiev ,*n^xi -luJew aJcfjpi/Xev JE 
 
 .j:=l anj 1 ocxwe^iJ . 
 
 I o .i;iu jo iub ijaBqmoD tej-*iS noiaU mJ:Oiii. ! U 6 rid 1 ni 
 tioxiitf a^Kaxa 'Je^*,if ela'ajjlev 9iij evjsa ot risx-v 'ieriJ i.xii 'ica Icionoc 
 
 oixei:. ,buj&l ixftffei' 'io Jili-neJ euJ iol Jalau wiew lioxiiw bati ieixwpae neacf 
 itoija eiew xe*-^ ow; ,^813 s* aaaxii ljjaa-sci cite ow t>ie rus oJ" Jncnej 
 -en,- s.ij- aejaijijaJo 3exJ-i*q eaeuT .joia^axi aiii lo ncxjjsfl.icl oiU o* iuaoqqc 
 
 fix 3i,tf isex ^rl^ oa sWiasoq \evi \ieva ax ricij^sxfiu^'io 10! 
 
 -f slrttgio 10 1 noiJ-xJ-eq fefi* ot Bioeivi8qu3 'to bilsoa end- io Isvoiqqjs edt 
 8JE17 tsJLtieiQ. ftoxj-jssxiil mx6iieA atid- one \ljj9nxl 3i;w 
 
 ttl to ssioi; 000,2 rio*riw 'to seioje CX)0,tcI fasfaxiicni ioxid-eisj sa 
 
 aolxm VI Ji/ocf^ ae\y ^oii^oXfo oriT .Ixca *&} 'to oiujcn 'tbnez odd- Io jnt-ooojs nc 
 . a^fcxw nx aelxn-- V BJBW .miarijBnA iBtf! , -jojslc Jeebxft a^x J-JF. bn xij 
 
 Io riown crt nojjr^jtTix oJ bsJ-ii/e Tj^fa-to^s-t^s 8# w ijri^I eriT 
 
 J-oiiJcixi) eiij- '{g be^olqcs aiew ; .H bn-o tfelTii/fiai .u eessel 
 
 : bae BVOIQBIX o^ ^o.- . jiiow ou^ Io J-ROO ojtjc hiutEti ilj- no 
 
 at- ^^\^ j.oi:;iw) . noxnU niootoA 9iif io JCO^SY 
 
 .'ae efi) 1 levee fi sj&cj oj 1 isaio x (daeffoifq oJ faseoqoiq 
 *c ^ov't i ins^'joqai ^^Jx*' f i52 .li.' ,^oirs^ 
 
 OOlSI ,aOXrfOA,"Lt8OS'3 (1) 
 
(3) 
 
 of sane with cement or asphalt; (2) draining of the sub-flow of the Santa Ana 
 River above the head of the Cajon Canal; and (3) construction of two storage 
 
 reservoirs, one near Yorba to cost $27,500 and impound 51,392,700 cubic feet of 
 Tfc iAtiner.3* 9f tfc :i.n'ri-- ;, :ly .! - 4 .-% -;t-r -t-a^ ta ft:;v* ;* /er ^c. tfc Ti;>ir' 
 water, with a dan 45 feet high, about 700 feet in length on top, and about 300 
 
 feet long at the base , and one in a basin of the La Habra valley about one mile 
 beyond the end of the Cajon Canal, to cost $42,000 and impound 118,238,000 cubic 
 feet; the dam in this case to be 60 feet high and 625 feet in length. Both of 
 these reservoirs were to be supplied by the Cajon Canal. The total cost of the 
 
 ~ ~ , . . .V'U " 
 
 extensions and improvements recommended by Mr. Schuyler was estimated at 
 (311,805.54. 
 
 In order to acquire the properties of the Anaheim Union V.'ater Company , 
 
 - - v * i I .,"'-*<. 
 
 the district voted bonds in the amount of $600,000 on :,',ay 3, 1889. The directors 
 
 then attempted to sell these bonds but were not successful. A second board of 
 )-r a?rs, Ih lar:i i ic v*2~-^~s, orw&gaB, *CR, *-"*; cutar irt'i^e'.* .M-.pa. 
 directors was elected and they continued the efforts of their predecessors but 
 
 with little success. An offer of 90 cents on the dollar for $300,000 in bonds 
 was received from Geo. L. -Arnold of Los Angeles, but it was stipulated that the 
 district should pay the cost of examination of the district by engineers and 
 attorneys and the cost of delivering the bonds in London, so that the actual 
 receipt would be less than 90 cents on the dollar. Other propositions were made 
 but the directors were steadfast in their determination not to sell the bonds 
 for less than 90 cents on the dollar, actual cash, and the sales did not go 
 through. The district had been in operation four years and the only results 
 obtained had been the expenditure of about 436,000 dollars and the creation of 
 much bitter feeling among the people of the community. Two directors unfavorable 
 to the district were elected to the board at the third election and they did 
 what they could to obstruct the sale of bonds. The climax cane when a meeting 
 was called by the opponents of the district and it was decided to refuse to pay 
 
.(- 
 
 (S) J 
 
 MO 
 
 arsta lo 
 
 . j oy* lo flo-WovUenoo () bos ;IencO co^sG stw? Jo bawa <*a.- evocft- isvifl 
 to J-'j -o OOV,i:eS,Ifi bca/oqcu biu* OOS,?S;$ ^ecc c4- jed'ioY '^sn ono . 
 
 00 Si . -J-; ,qoi- ftc tit^n*! ax J&ol 00V ^'odjs , rijjii 
 elirn bito Juo J> ^9JI*v s'iJf.H J 3*1* lo fiiejd oi sac 
 i^i-'o . . ,611 a;u;cqiril bnj> 000,i^? 4'eoo o* , Xfcutfc^ iio|,30 6iw lo 
 'to ritfoS .riJ u *at fiie bn* d^iil ^osl Od ed oi SB^-O siiiJ- ni nrjsb 
 
 dd' 'lo *8oa, Ltfej aril . le^JiO notsO 8iii ^c boxlcq/ae oa o- aitw 
 
 ii: b&v s 3v? i&l^i>xi9cl . lii x 3 bbbfiaiWiicobi eJflanievoiqa'.x fam, 
 
 .oifi.U mxarftii^ art* Ic :iojti i iqc > jq 
 88I , ^pi; ; . ao 000,006^ l 
 
 oi' 'latiio til 
 aonod bsjov - r oi 
 
 lo 
 
 bncosa ^. 
 
 * . . i$s 
 
 a-i is yd 
 
 tx&aj lo 3 
 nol 'toIIoJo 
 s B - 
 
 eiaw i-ycf s=!bocf eeanj Use oJ btf 
 od* beufii^aco ^feiu!' bjtr. be^oele 3 
 no a^nsa 08 lo it'llo /, .eseooye 
 elsjOf. aoJ lo tiori'i/v .J , otn) monl Jbovxaoet 
 lo fioijnxaxs 'to ^?co drij- -^q blvoria 
 Is(. j- d-fijTU" OB .aofanoj oi abncd erii- gniiovileb lo -soo aiU bop 
 
 a"j(w .iq le^JO .'ttJlioc o4J flo 3i'90 OC iwtij 83Sl ocf bli:ow 
 
 ebnod arid- lies cJ j'on noiJjinif'.ieJ'eo iit>uff x jaf^bj&eJe siew e'ioroeii& 
 
 ton bib eeles eai bae ,deu<d IBUJ-OB ,ilXoo &iiw no sanao Og isx-uij- 
 8J1U3&T ^Iflo aitf un BiBe\ inol noijieqo x naed b*:ri j'oxiJexfa snT 
 c no;. bn aiplleb 000,36^ tuftfc lo ^b^ibnsqxs sii* neea' faatt. bc 
 
 -"xxu owl 1 . 
 
 
 rij- j-s a-i 
 
 il,? oj b&joals eiew dfoxiJslb 
 
 .-oqc' 
 
(4) 
 
 taxes levied by the district. They attempted to secure an injunction which 
 would prevent the levying of a tax, but through some technical deficiency in 
 the injunction issued, the district wae not prevented from levying the tax. 
 The influence of the unfriendly directors seems to have prevented the receipt 
 
 of any further offers for the bonds and it became apparent that nothing was to 
 
 A -ji > irr* : .,, s i. .'.',.. -'soviet 
 
 be gained by continuing longer under the district. Accordingly proceedings for 
 dissolution of the district were commenced and a decree of dissolution was ob- 
 tained from the Superior Court of Orange County on September 12, 1895. 
 
 Since the dissolution of the district the Anaheim Union Water Company 
 
 T- t 
 
 has been managed in a very efficient manner and has carried out many of the plans 
 proposed for the district so that at present it has a very valuable and efficient 
 plant under which about 15,000 acres of land are being irrigated. Land within 
 the district is worth from (300 per acre up, some having sold as high as $2,000 
 per acre. The land is in walnuts, oranges, lemons, and other irrigated crops. 
 
ric/xrfw no-Uynutnx eiuoss ot 
 fix ileb leojtitrfoe* acioa a'a^ertd* ^t r a , x/J lc ^ 
 
 ^ b6all.V8^q svtii o^ amaba sio^osnic vIunoiTlniJ odf to aoniullrti r!T 
 a on J-BiiJ 1 Ij-ieifc-qc* smeoad ii brie abnco JiiJ lo'i mtTHo i*titi>j\ Y CJE ^ 
 
 egriioeeD'- ai^ooWi. .Jaiijeib aiiJ" 'leoni. fu^ol ^r..Lt;ni*ne5 
 
 -do 8ji.v; ftoiJ-^Joeeib 'to ueioeb n DM beonaaiitrco aifcw l:jJnj=!ib trii to 
 ,S5i todmoj-qsS o x^nuoO o^osiO lo nut. :it 
 
 3.tBlc erii" lo ^naai tftfo bei'it*? o atfl un* loniusai ^neiojlla \^ev a ni Jbeyftneir neacf aeri 
 s bms eld^iiltv \TV B as a. ti tnotteiq te isfa oa j^x-v^eiti *ii^ tol baeoqonq 
 bneJ .b6i-3i*ni ^nied i*> biiusl lo ae^OJB 000, cl jucds aoxnw lebnu J'rtiilq 
 000, S$ at rfgifi 8j-> Lloa ^nivsri siroe .qw eios Teq 00 moil riJ"iow ii J-oxn^axfc erii 1 
 . aqoio ooj'igi'wi nrijo oru; .artcicel ,88.3TO .e^LTJIsw nx ex bnel eiiT . eioa 
 
PROPOSED AZUSA IRRIGATION DISTRICT . 
 Loe Angeles County. 
 
 tf-A petition for the organization of an irrigation district at 
 Azusa to be known as the Azusa Irrigation District was filed with the Board 
 of Supervisors of Loe Angeles County on April 1, 1889, and dismissed by them. 
 Vineland Irrigation District objected to the organization of such a district, 
 probably because of the fact that both districts would have attempted to get 
 their water from the same source, the San Gabriel River, which would probably 
 have proved inadequate . 
 
 The vote on organization had been 181 votes for organization and 
 111 against. The opposition was largely from the parties who already held 
 water rights and who did not care to relinquish their rights to the district 
 so that they would have only the same right as the later comers. 
 
 A second petition was dismissed by the Supervisors on June 1C, 1889, 
 A third petition, like the previous ones, was not granted and the plan of 
 organizing a district was abandoned July 28, 1890. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
. v-]M it-. 
 . ; .itA soil 
 
 is .: it noiijssiiiJ: rte lo noxtesxataio fU" id ncx.fxJ'eq A 
 
 s.Sj- rij il 8jB,v JoiiJexd noxd-jsaxvil JOUJSA srij G^ fiii'onrf scf od- 
 
 nJ' x a> fcteaitraib a , 0881 ,1 XiiqA nc Y^^^oO aslejftA eoj lo BToeivieqyii lo 
 JB iioua Ic fioxj-jssij-ut-vio eri^ o* 
 
 ^. r evfiri fclfow ed-oiidsib ridrcf tedJ Joel eriJ- lo aaujBoecf Y. 
 
 clLOw floi;iw ,ievxE Jeiio'jBi) je2 ed* , etf'ix/oo OO-JBB artf moil 
 
 . srf*ijpeo*rd faevono sveri 
 
 bfifi r<oi>r^?:xft;>'iO tol 3&tov ISI nees iu'n nciJ'.esxfie.ric no aJcv ertT 
 bled \ba*!l.A oaw eai^ijsq eri^ nioil xlaguel BJEW noi^ieoefco 9dT .j-e<ii3 ill 
 toi-i^eifa erij 1 oj- ad'A'jiiT "sisrij riGii/pnilei ol en^o ^on bxL oa'w ifi Biri^ii TS^BW 
 .ataaloo loJfil eai' se jr-giT OS&BB edS ylnc avfih fclt'ow y*^* ^*ai os 
 ,9881 ,01 em;!, no 8 r :oeiviequ3 eaj y^ bt>8Bxir:axb s*w oxJ"X^eq fanoaes A 
 
 to fifilc anj bn>- bs^ii^i;,. Jen BJB* , seno etioxvein erii' e?txl 4 noxJ-iw&q biJtuJ 1 A 
 
 .0661 ,8S Y- 
 
BIG ROCK CHF.EK IRRIGATION DISTRICT. 
 
 *-* i* - /- ^ - .- *. - 
 
 Los Angeles County - Organized July 14, 1890 - Area 30,000 acres. 
 rr*v*..'. tnx- '.*?u;..:.-.- U >** t o ./ irrii-t:'^ ciatrlct. 
 
 Previous to the organization of the Big Rock Creek Irrigation 
 District the only parties resident there who had patented land were the Carters 
 (J. Y. and E. F.) . They had claimed 4,000 inches of the flow of Eig Rock Creek, 
 a quantity far in excess of the usual summer flow. In December, 1889, George 
 W. Korean, Lewis C. Tilghman and F. E. Schroyer came in and filed for 2, SCO 
 inches of water. In May. 189C, the Uadre Land and Water Company was organized 
 in Los Angeles with Geo. L. Arnold, Arthur L. Church, George Bugbee, John H. 
 
 V<? " ) 
 
 Pohlhaus and Sarn'l D. Beacher as directors. (The connection of Geo. L. Arnold 
 with this company is significant as he was also a prime mover in the floating 
 of the ','anzana Irrigation District.) This newly formed company acquired the 
 rights of Tilghman in Kay, and those of Uorgan and Schroyer in June, 1890. The 
 water rights on the stream were thus claimed by the Carters and by the Madre 
 Land and V.'ater Company. Tilgnman, in his deed to the above named company 
 specifies that if an irrigation district be organized which will cover his land, 
 the company is to be freed from an agreeajent to furnish him with sufficient 
 water to irrigate a quarter section, which was made part of the deed. It seems 
 evident, therefore, that those who were acquiring the water rights under th 
 title of the Madre Land and Water Company, had in view the formation of an 
 irrigation district which would be in the market for water supply and to which 
 
 "' ' '" Vi * r^n* ' ife" ; - - - * 
 
 the water rights acquired as above might be transferred. 
 
 The above information is derived from the records of water filings, 
 
 deeds, etc., and is, therefore, undoubtedly authentic. It is also said that in 
 
 ^e. US '1 f- 3 SL-';.c .184 " * *9 u 
 
 1889 an English Company known as the Southern California Land & Irrigation Com- 
 pany, Ltd., of London, England, undertook to build a dam on the stream and 
 actually began work of excavating for a dam site. It is claimed that the settlers 
 
1 :MEf:I XZiK vtOpijR CM 
 
 OOQ.OE csiA - 06I ,." fcl L beslaf^iO - ^Jnt'oO atla^rtA aoj 
 
 x-rrl ;iosiO rioof! s-^S sriJ io aoi^jpsifus^no end- ctf 
 
 extJ- sis-*/ fans I befrie^jsq ojsri oriw sieh* i-nscxsai asi^i^c \Irtc ariJ ^cxij 
 jtoofl yxci 'to -we 1-1 erf* Io aecioiti OOQ,^ itemielo aert yexiT . (.' .a bms .i .1) 
 
 , P881 ,7edto36C nl .wo.fl lamentm Xewau eiij 'to esocxs 
 .i: 10 1 bolil lift* ni ameo nave 1008 3 .1 few. foawrtgliT .0 ejtwsj .tta 
 
 nl .-xt*w 1o 
 
 ,H fiiiol ,8^i;H o^oaO ,iio'ii.-aD .J ituiJ-jA .blorrxA . J . ooO aJ-iw able^fiA eoj i 
 J .cot.) 'to noitosflrroo' OiiT) .a^o^oeiib SB leridBeil .(J I'mea bnjg 
 
 suJ ni tevofi! emi-jq JB osls aew &ii e* d-njaox'iin^iB ei *&tsqr.oo 
 arij beiitrpo^ ^njst'Coo beftsiol \;Iw6fi eiifT (. ^oli^eic oojt*j8j,l^ril *nsnM eiid- lo 
 oriT .0681 , si,L ci iQ^^icS brat n^-jol-! lo seoriJ- be* ijaM i rusEuiijIxT lo 
 bfijss eisJ-ieO sad" ^ beroxslo awri* &'iew omeij-e arli' o Bjfigi 
 
 EiK . evocfjs end- o* boeb ein ni .Bjai^sXiT . Yfl^orcoC isj-jgv/ boe bruej 
 ,bftl eiil tevoo Jliw iioidw besinfl;,,io 9d J-cii^eib rtoi^giiil HB 'ii fstlt aeiliosqe 
 
 J-fioiojl'tfa fU-xr mxrf riexatt'i 03 i-natiOsi-gfi ft moil besTi 9d od" ex 
 aaieae 11 . faaeb ori^ 'io t*ueq bfit a rioiiijsr .ooxlse.-? 
 
 SAJ- 'leoruj eJ-ri^xi ibtB 1 -'/ ant ^nx'rxjjpOB STOW ort'v aaoitJ- j 
 
 fie 'io aoid-jsano'i ii^ woiv nx b*tt , YfUJQtioD ied-W bft* bncj eiiusM end' io 
 rioiriw otf hfta \IqquB ncf&w ic't J-eiiem siiJ nx scf bli/ow fioxiiw ioxid-sib 
 
 . ba-nslertiiii- stf tsi^im evoo'B OB beiijjpois sJ-iiax 
 ^8rtxlil istf'- to able 001 eri* noil fasvxieb ax noi^ai-xoiftx evosfje sal 
 fix jjsrt^ blee caljs ex *I . ox^:.3fiJ-i; \Iba4-duobni; .STioieierW , BX bn* , . oj .ebesb 
 
 bftfij nxniolxIaO ni8tU-j;o8 Bit* eju nwon>: ^a^nsoO dsilgaa njs 6861 
 j- no eusb JB cliud o^ 3io;HefoiU.- ,faaeiga ,mbnoj 'io ,. 
 jl , &. < B id xe 'io jJiow ui^cf 
 
(2) 
 
 feared that this company might secure a monopoly of the water supply and to 
 prevent this, thought it best to organize an irrigation district. 
 
 Ae a result of one or both of these causes the movement for an irri- 
 gation district was started. J. H. Call, Attorney at Law, of Los Angeles, 
 California, was one of the principal organizers. L. C. Tilghaan was sent in to 
 assist in the organization of the district and the district was voted by people 
 who did not own patented land. In short, the district was colonized in order 
 to get enough voters to organize the district. 
 
 The evidence secured on this matter of promotion is very conflicting. 
 Those who were resident in or near the district at the time of its organization 
 claim that J. H. Call and others organized the district as a land selling, 
 money making scheme, while Call and those who are said to have worked with him 
 claim that the district was organized entirely by and for the landowners who 
 were living in the district. From the fact that the Madre Land and Water Co., 
 of which Geo. L. Arnold was a director and to which L. C. Tilghman had trans- 
 ferred his water right, sold to the district for $75,000 in bonds, a water right 
 of very doubtful value, it seems exceedingly probable that the interests named 
 did organize trie district as a land selling scheme. 
 
 The district as organized comprised 30,000 acres of wnich about 10,000 
 acres was creek wash and not susceptible of irrigation. The land in the dis- 
 trict was, for the most part, worth only the government price of (2.50 per acre, 
 for there was and is a great deal of government land within the district not 
 filed on. The Southern Pacific R. R. Co., also had apparent title to a large 
 amount of land in the district but much of this has since been recovered by the 
 Government (see U. S. v. S. P. R. R. Co., 184 ". S. 49; and S. P. R. R. Co. v. 
 U. S., 163 U. S.I). Although the actual value of the land was very low, the 
 booaiers "cracked it up" to from v!5 to tlCO per acre . The land was held in 
 email holdings of about 160 acres. A very small area was being irrigated at 
 
(sj 
 
 OJ ,3 tofBW ad* lo v.Xoi; oatfoes trivia- yputqa.'i'O eiriJ 
 
 . JsxiJeib woi^-jiiiJ: njs esin* a *jo oj Jaeci Jx jri^oiU , airiJ 1 
 si us dtrevom adJ" Bbaifjeo oeenJ lo ftfoa 10 anc lo JfcBei *> 8* 
 
 ,a . aoj lo , vrej Jfi ^emcd-JA ,11*0 . ri .1 . baJ-'ued-B 3*<w Joi-tfexb 
 
 lo e<o e*w t jBin 
 elqoaq \xf beJ'cv ot-w 3-oiiialfc 0n^ faxto J-^Jti^sifa eii* lo it oxdfi sinks' 10 aa^ ni 
 
 ni bosiacloo QJPV/ J'oxiJsib erii ,j"iofi8 I ,bnI be^nejq nv/o d'Oft bib oriw 
 
 . 4-0x1.' sib adt esx.te~,.io oj e'itoov .i^xronb iQ-^ ot 
 nev ex aoj.J'omo'iq to xeJ-J'Scj axriu no betuoea eoo&bxv adT 
 *x lo '&t : .ii *d$ J~B jox'tj-sib eflJ ii.ea to ax ^fisj3X3ti 13W oriw 
 brw.I as J'oxiJ'axb ed* btsxi3jlo sts&to tine IIsO .H.I, 
 faaiiow evfcri oj bx*8 six oriw oaon^ tone II0 elxdw , amonoe ^ 
 orlv nbnwoij* T anJ- TO! bnjs xJ X-^ 6 ' 1 ^^ 116 bssJUtegio a*w Jox 
 
 ,.oO oil .c^f)i^J8Xb sutf fti ^nxvxl tnew 
 
 /. BJSW blom/. ,J .oeO rioiriw lo 
 
 JRW , abnocf ni 000, dV$ 10! ^ni-tj-eJtb eilt cJ- bio;; .trij^'i ieJ*w axri bTtel 
 banen ;j~x aru istii elcfjedaiq xfc n -i : ^ eooxe Btnss^ J'i .auJjsv luli'dwob \nov lo 
 
 . eraarios jnxll&e bflf-I B a* ^oxiJsxb 911$ esinjB3io bxb 
 000,01 JyodjEi lioxaw 'to aeios 000, bsainqcoo fcesiiUB^io a* Joi7^axb srtT 
 
 -5io orig nx onl srtT . npx*^xiii lo oI-x^qeoBUB J-on bn.fi ria 
 ,&TO,B ieq 05, Sf lo eoxiq laemmevo^ ehi" \Irto ^J-iow ,lteq j-aor? 
 
 Jon Joirtfexo QiiJ rtxudiw bJ8l drtemmevoa 'to Xeeb faen^ e ex b aw 
 
 9^,1^1 JP c^ eld-xJ" J:sei/?qcB bJSA oeXe ,.oO ./I .fl olliofl^ meiii-iyoa eriT .no belit 
 
 odi \c ojjoi Head eoflxe BJE# exri* Ic dojjm Jtid joxrtfexb cjiJ 1 BX bnel lo Jm/oafi 
 
 .T .0^ ,^ .fl .! .3 bfte ;6^ ..?, U *8I ,.oO .H ,H .'I .3 .v .2 .U ea) Jn&enevoG 
 
 ,wol -.T6V ixaw bnjei ri;fr Ic et'Ifiv j j Siit rigvcr-JlA ,(I ,8 .U 8dl ,.2 .U 
 
 . . ..e^OBTC" eiamcorf 
 
 .i 
 
(3) 
 
 that time by the Carters, probably about 220 acres. People who came in to 
 settle planted trees in the expectation of securing water. 
 
 Almost immediately after the formation of the district (August 21,1890) 
 the water rights owned by the Madre Land and Water Company were sold to the dis- 
 trict for the sum of $75,000 in bonds, and on the day following the Carters sold 
 their rights to the district for a like sum. Judge J. W. McKinley , Superior 
 Court of Los Angeles County, confirmed the bond issue and declared the above 
 transfers legal on October 25, 1890. 
 
 The district did not employ a professional engineer. J. h. Carter 
 did some surveying for the ditch lines, etc., and the people of the district 
 were allowed to work out their taxes on the construction work. Except for a 
 few ditches, no constriction work was done by the district until some time 
 after organization when a tunnel was undertaken. This tunnel was to be run 
 underneath Big Rock Creek and catch the sub-flow, but through some error the 
 tunnel was not constructed in the right place and failed to accomplish the 
 desired end* It is said that the contract price for this tunnel was something 
 like $40,000 or $50,000 in bonds. It had a length of 2,600 feet and is said 
 to have yielded 60 inches of water. The original plan of the English company, 
 which had preceded the district, was to build a dam and impound water, but this 
 the district was not financially able to do. It is possible that had this been 
 possible an adequate supply of water might have been secured, for the big Rock 
 CreeK has a very heavy winter flow. 
 
 Just what amount of bonds was issued it is hard to determine. In 
 addition to the sums received by the Carters and the Madre Land A Water Company 
 ($150,000), it is known that M. L. Wicks received $2,000, F. A. Alterger, $20,000, 
 and A. L. Church, f 11 ,100. The total amount voted was $400,000. It is tnerefore 
 certain that $133,100 were issued and it is probable that $40,000 additional were 
 transferred on the tunnel contract, making a total of over ^220, 000. It is said, 
 
orfw eXqoel .eentojB OSS 
 
 . led-aw ^niiuoes io n.c-x^Josqxe urti x 
 6J, IS *ews*M) tetitB-tb 9&t lo afliJwte 
 
 -sxb ad* cxT Dice *tow vnjBCjtoO tadpW bnjs baJ eibaM eri* \tf oanwo 
 bios ?id-MO, 4*;^iwoIXot >cBb ecy-.no &n ebocf ni 000, eV| lo civs odi icl 
 
 i.J- oj 
 aiii-:beiIo9b bnx SJJBBX fcmcsf eri* bemlilnoo x^nuoO eflsanA aoj lo 
 
 .0^61 ,6 i&dotoO no 
 .ri .1 .-jQeniyne iBftoiBtt&loiq js \olqffl J-or. bib JDintfaib ariT 
 
 Sit? to elqoeq 9tl^ i3iie ,.oJ-e , anil iio^xc 3..^' tol ^niYeviuB scree 
 10! iceexa . Xiov noitoma anoc sdt uo sex* tiafi* 4-wo jhsow oJ- bswoUjB 
 
 araoa lid-itt/ toii^sib aii* t^ enoo aew allow rrol4oi.iJBn.oo on ^ 
 c( ol acw isnnirf aiiiT .ae^Jieoftu aw isfsnLj B nuve 
 ic-no sraoa aawotrij Jed eIl-d*J8 erl* do*o isei. 2itft*nQ ataoH gifi 
 iid- rfeJlqctcooB oJ- bsliel bos eoIq Jriaii edJ ni bfc^ofciiTaftoo Jon a^ 
 aisw Ienn;.)J- eixst 10! eoiiq Jo^'sjnes aJ *dj bjuse ei ^1 .fane 
 ai bns tsel OOd.i: lo ri^suel bfi JI .swioa ni 000,02$ -*o 000,0^1 wij 
 ,Xcjmoo iiail^fl'd euj lo m;Ic Icnigito erT . tef^w 'lc aoitonl 05 befclai^ evsri oct 
 eJcdJ- i-wtf. .TQ^AW bnuoqrr.x faj? laab ^ fcliwd oJ aB , jniniftib sfi* foebsomcr wsri 
 need eiiii- bed- Jsrid- elc'leacm si *I .06 o* elcte 
 
 sd .e.rij-'"tol,;beii;oofi neeo evri d-fiaiis nejjBw lo ylqque s^jsypafaj? ae 
 
 . 6ftr;:'J9j6&, C* fai^ii si Jx beueeJ: BBW Sfeo4 1&. 
 
 . . ? ,000,$$ bsvxeoeT e^oiW .J .M *&dt nwora ex Ji ,(000,0$!$) 
 ex il . . 'J a*w bs liJoJ- eaT ,OOI t IJ[f ,.danHiO .J .A bae 
 
 -rr 00'. i-JEri* fi^JBJ-x^o 
 
 _ 
 
also, that the directors issued bonds rather freely for other purposes so that 
 it is very probable that the entire amount disposed of was considerably in 
 
 
 excess of $220,000. 
 
 'uti ft' r 
 
 The settlers within the district did not meet with very good success. 
 They straggled along for a time and then conditions were radically changed by 
 
 ' . 
 
 the activities of Howard and T/ilson of Chicago. They bought up a large amount 
 of land in the district and by means of advertisements in a farmers' magazine 
 known as "Farm, Field and Fireside" were able to dispose of a large number of 
 small tracts. This company seems to have acted in absolute good faith and to 
 have done everything in their power to protect the settlers whom they had thus 
 induced to come to the district. In the second half of the decade 1890-1900, 
 however, a series of years of extremely light rainfall so reduced the flow of 
 
 - '' **"'* V*f"tr^" ' t 1 ' 
 
 Big Rock Creek that no water was available for the irrigation of the land and 
 the people had to leave. Of a colony of 200 or 300 people only a handful 
 
 regained. People could not and would not pay assessments; the district officers 
 
 ifl' r - ' 
 gave up their offices and everything was allowed to lapse. 
 
 No interest on bonds has been paid by the district for almost twenty 
 years. Very little interest was ever paid, if any. All obligations are still 
 outstanding with no prospect of settlement. There are a few settlers in the 
 district now who seem to be doing well. Aside from the physical difficulties 
 of settlement, however, the extremely tangled condition of land titles within 
 the district prevents development from progressing in a satisfactory manner. 
 Kuch of the land was and is claimed by the Southern Pacific R. R. Co., and the 
 United States Government also claims the same land. There are numerous tax- 
 titles for state and county taxes standing against the land, and last but not 
 least, there have been numerous sales for non-payment of irrigation district 
 taxes. It is, therefore, well nigh impossible to be assured as to the owner- 
 ship of land within the district and the value of the land is not sufficient 
 
oe = $ lanJo lot \Ieail sbnod owsai sio^oeiib en* 
 
 rti XldtnsDiaaco sew to bt>3oqaxb ^fivottrfJ 4rti.fne arij- JjsnJ ldjscfoiq 
 
 .OOO,OSS| lo eeeoxe 
 . B6S03U8 boog Y*ev xttxw *99R J-oa bib- J-ox-rtsib orfa- nxaJiw aitXJj-ea ariT 
 
 fd i .'iLei ST&W anoid'ibrtoo ne^ fwnB ecp.ij" fi lot JAOJJB 
 
 dm-cxae e^'isl qt; JitguOw \oriT . osaoiuO lo noeljcW bfi* b*ur*/oH lo 
 aftis*^>-n 'sionnfil i e^na;r.8EiJisvbfi lo saeara Y btt * Join^sib efiid" ni btusl lo 
 Jo tedmun e^oel B ^c aeoqsxb ot sldfl eiew "efciBfriiC b*TB cJai'iI .mos!" e* nwcriji 
 05 one dJ-XB'i Ijoog ejiflosd'fi' nx bfcd'OJB svari eJ emoee ^jiqa:oo aiiiT .eJ'o^iJ I!BB 
 auiij baxi YS f iJ" rioriv/ gneltoes srlj j-o&^oiq o* lewoq lienj- ni ^oiri^xT^v ob ev*ri 
 ,3061-0661 eaeoeo aii^ 'lo lleti oaooea eii^ nl .loJtiJeib aoj cj B.UOO oj- aooubifi 
 lo woll wit bewubs"! oa II-EiKJUBT cTii^il ylacisii-xs Ic anjDCY i seli&s fi .levewrori 
 boe bttfiX e;i^ 'to tnij-3ii-ji enj -30! elo'jsIxjevjB arw loiKtt on i-^ritf jiesiO iooH 
 Iulbmii a \Iao elcoeu OC 10 DOS lo \CIQ!OO K 10 . ev^sl o* bii elqoaq 
 toiij-exfc GiW {e^neweeeeafi Y Ba . ^o* 1 &jCi/o fans -on tluoo Jqo9T . bttf.lnp-.ei 
 
 . ouqf I c^ JjewoIlB BJBW ^nx-.J'X'i'Va bn scoxllo ix&ctf 
 JsoiiLu to 1 j oi^ sx.M .-. v j ' ^JLetq ne$cf a&a abriod n& ;.-:> jni o:: 
 eijL- enoxj^jtla'o IIA .\rus ii , bxeq isvs eaw ia&ne^njt el 
 ni 8TeI^&a wal JB eijs eieriT ,*enI^39a :c toeqaoaq on ri^xw 
 
 IjecxQYriq eU moil 9&xe .Us* jfliorb 9d otf rssa ortw won 
 
 bnsl lo noxJ-xbnoo bel^rasj- vlenei^xe 9*^ , lavew.On 4 *nei-'I^^ee lo 
 Y.icj'0l3xJB8 xs ni anlBFje'j^oic. ooil iamqoIsvsL RJ-ftsvsicr 
 ? ,. ., .-*..' I'ldx'ea- 8fi^ vrf bftnri*Io ex hue e*w 
 
 : . -T .bnjsl eniee 9rt^ eraijslo oele unanimsvoa 
 
 ton Oii^ ^aiix*^ gnxbnu^a aex*J- y^w^^o iJ"^ e^^^a *xol eeli-tfr 
 
 jnuj v -teqno lol selfce Bt'Ciamuft nsod sv*n etertf 4 
 
 : 
 jj'ij- oxtWxar brusl lc c 
 
to warrant the expenditure of the sums necessary to clear up the title . 
 
 The present settlers are irrigating about 300 acres. The water 
 rights are not well defined and it is said that shotgun law is the rule on 
 the stream. L. C. Tilghman claims to have riparian, appropriation and other 
 rights and he seems to be in control of toe situation. It has been found that 
 the land of this district, like that of the Little Rock Irrigation District 
 ten miles to the west, is especially well suited to the production of pears 
 and were it possible to secure an adequate water supply by storage, tne lands 
 of tne district might be brought to a high state of productiveness . 
 
 While the cause of tne failure of this district was the entire 
 inadequacy of the water supply, the nature of the promotion and management of 
 the district was such that even had the water supply been more satisfactory , 
 it is doubtful if the district could have succeeded. It is quite generally 
 conceded that the district was fraudulently organized and the unbusinesslike 
 methods employed in carrying on the affairs of the district were such as would 
 in all probability have caused failure in any case. 
 
 The district has never been disorganized, nor can it be, for the 
 heavy outstanding indebtedness is a bar to such action being taJcen. 
 
 
 
 
 suites l&r the 
 
 of citrus 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
'to 
 
 ;.u;8 and 1 to aijj^ i^nsqxe erit tax tin* oi 
 ni 9ii aiwJWuea Jnesaicr sri? 
 no slin ati.fr ex we I mf-^oris JsnJ- bloa ax Jx farrB bexleb IXew Jon e*uB 
 
 iqaz , . o Qiiilo funmri^IJL" .0 .J 
 
 aari *I .noj an* Ic loi^ooo ni d oJ emoea eri o 
 
 _L Sooii sIJ-^XiI 8ftJ lo Ja.iJ sjiil .toii^aio aiiU lo bnI 
 vonq an* o^ bs^JLue Hew ^ilBi 
 vJ , i.- . \;d ylqqua lyj"** ejupeto oe 
 .3swevi. to b.jjr'dB li^iit JE o^ 
 
 -J- a*w JoxtjEib 3JLCiS lo eiiilial 
 ns nol^ojnoiq ea^ ic e'luJan aaJ 
 aiom nead \Iqqua 'tad'aw arii- jatsd 
 j} e^itp ai d 1 ! .oeueeooija .uvo 
 
 ?UJHJM ii^ bite be : t apw jr/injsli) &&$ tedf jjefaeoooo 
 
 no ^ni^"* 3 n 
 
 ii;! fceet/BO evfiri xJ-iliderfoiq HJB nx 
 
 if *rol ,aJ J~i n0 ioft , fass JuiB^Tpaxi) need i^ven 8ri ^oii 
 
 of led e ex esenfaeJiebni 
 
 *: 
 
 ei .i-aaw sat oj eslira 
 
 ct slcxaaoq Ji WTOW brus 
 o ed J-ii^ir. i-oiiJ-eJtb ettf lo 
 'io .-JBJJBO irij- eliriW 
 
 nj Ic 
 5- riots eew io 
 
 li lultduob aJ: i 
 
CITRUS BELT IRRIGATION DISTRICT. 
 San Bernardino County - Organized November 10, 1890 - Area 11,700 acres 
 
 The Semi Tropic Land and Water Company, of which Ex-Governor Merrill 
 of Iowa, and Bohnbreck t Kowse of Los Angeles, were the chief stockholders, 
 owned the land in tee neighborhood of Rialto which was embraced in the proposed 
 Rialto and Citrus Belt Irrigation Districts. The Citrus Belt district was 
 a little to the west of Rialto. The land was subject to a mortgage amounting 
 to $20 per acre , given by the Serai Tropic Land and Water Company to the an 
 Francisco Savings Union. The company was anxious to sell the land and fixed 
 upon the organization of a Wright Act irrigation district as the most feasible 
 plan for putting the land in a marketable state . There were few settlers on 
 the ground at the time and it was necessary to bring in voters so that the 
 requisite number of signers might be available for the petition for organization. 
 U. E. Foulke was one of the first settlers brought in by Merrill and he was 
 active in trie organization and management of the district, serving as president 
 for about six years. There was no opposition to the district for only those 
 who were favorable to the plan and willing to act with the company were brought 
 in. 
 
 There was no irrigation in the district prior to its formation. By 
 dry farming on a lar^e scale, grain could be profitably raised. Tne land was 
 excellent in quality and well suited for the production of citrus fruits. 
 
 Y/hen a sufficient number of settlers had been secured, the district 
 was organized (November 10, 1890) to cover 11,700 acres. This area was larger 
 than could be irrigated with water available and the area was cut down to 3,01)0 
 acres before disorganization. The Semi-Tropic Land 4 Water Company had sold 
 land at $75 to $100 per acre with an agreenient to deliver water free for four 
 years. The same land had cost the company about $12 per acre as purchased in 
 the large tract. 
 
I - 
 
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 Ilrnel- 1 J-x3 iioxrfw to ,\;m>qTtoO meJ-fiW fin* brusj oiq.oiT ira8 wfP 
 
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 -.ijiae BJEW rioi-aw O*IJJXH 'lo faooriiodrigien 9itJ ni faBi * 
 j *Iad ar-tfiO eiiT .a^oin^Bia nojt**^i-wl JJeH st-iJ-iQ bn* 
 
 s Qt J-oeta'jja SJBW bnjsi eiiT .o^XaiH lo *eew eri* ci eUJif 
 
 oj ^n^qmoD Ts*jsW dn* 6j siqonT Jta3 e^ X^ nevig , eitws isq 
 fasxil Jon* iJiel i* Use o^ Buoixnue aew yaecmico eaT .noinU a^Riveg 
 WiajBel 130K sii* SB i-sii-taib neiJjsatwl ^oA JrfgiiW B lo noiJBSirusi-io erf^ noqu 
 no etojttj&s wel anew diari? . eJ-Bi-a sJcf^eiiBm ni bnI flri* ^fliJJuq nol 
 
 68 s-ia^ov nJ: anJiirf o* x^B88B ; ' 8rj &** *^ ojs emid 
 i-'ic nol aoWxJaq eitr 10 'i eIalijBV acf Jri^iffi aiengiB lo 
 arf i3ct ILciiaM x^ ni Jfiyoid sieli-J-aa ^eti't ou-t lo ano aew 6JiIuo r .S'-iU 
 
 r.J- lo Jon.9S- BtI * fn o* 05 - noii-flsiaB*K> srl^ ni evWo* 
 
 vLto .to; joi^eic snJ o* noiJ-ieoqqo on as\v 6T9fiT . aifisx ^e Juod* 10 1 
 
 etew oiiw 
 
 yfl .noii-jBjriol eji oJ- noxiq ^sitd-aib arit nx noi^jesx'ni o atw 
 juew b.tBl an'T. .bsaxei vld*iloiq ed blwon nx^iji .sLsos e^ijsl * no js 
 jjtJ-to lo noiJ-ouboiq ajiJ- 10! bsJiua liew bn* x*i^*P "i 
 an* .be-suoea need ojexi aiftl^ee lo isdjawn J-naxolllya * nedW 
 ib^ijiL new evis airiT .aeios OOV.II 'ievoo oJ- (0981 ,01 i*<tetavoM) besx*jjno uw 
 000, o;f nwcfa J-ifo asw SOTJB etij bfl slcfjslx^vjs istnw rtfiw b*Jx*ni ad faXuoo 
 Mi -{fteqrfoO ia^JBW & fafuaJ oiconT-ifineS enT . ntoi-*sJtjigioaJt& eioletf 
 
 v -jevxlat oj ^ec.seiBB jjftfc* eto^ leq 001$ 
 f ,i f 
 
(2) 
 
 It was planned to secure water from Lytle Creek, bonds were voted 
 to the amount of $800,000 on December 2, 1390 and confirmed by Judge Otis, 
 },'arch 5, 1891. An attempt was then made to sell the bonds. Ex-Governor Merrill 
 took the bonds and made a trip to New York City and to Europe but was unable to 
 sell the bonds in either place. The district itself could not sell them and 
 finally an agreement was entered into with the Semi Tropic Land & Water Company 
 under which the district was to deliver to the Semi Tropic Co., bonds to the 
 amount of $780,000 in return for which the company agreed to deliver water for 
 11,7CO acres at the rate of 1 inch for each 7 1/2 acres, or 1560 inches, 300 
 inches to be delivered by June, 1891. The bonds were delivered by the district 
 but the company was not able to live up to its contract and the bonds were 
 returned to the district. 
 
 The difficulties encountered by the district in selling its bonds and 
 securing a water supply brought on opposition. Expenses were heavy and no 
 results were being obtained. The failure of the Semi Tropic Land and Water Co., 
 threw its property into the hands of a receiver and those for whose benefit it 
 was held were anxious to have the Wright Act district done away with. In 1895 
 an injunction was secured restraining the selling of lands for taxes on the 
 Around of irregularity of assessment . Shortly after (on November 25, 1896) 
 a petition for disorganization was made by the board of directors of the district 
 claiming that all property had been disposed of and all debts paid, and on ! ay 
 1, 1397 a decree of dissolution was issued by John L. Campbell, Superior Judge, 
 San Bernardino County . 
 
 The outstanding indebtedness of the district was all in the form of 
 warrants and these wene paid at the rate of fifty cents on the dollar. The San 
 Francisco Savings Union and t.oe two railroad companies whose lines ran through 
 the district (Southern Pacific R. R. Co., and Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe R. R. 
 Co.) paid practically all of the debts. 
 
(s) 
 
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 .^oinJ-ftib siit Ow 
 
 3onod aJ-x ;-niIl8^ nx J-cx-iJexb arij yd bbiewnt'oorte aexj-iuoxllxi) edT 
 on bap yvssfi s-jew eoenacrx^ .noxJ-isocqo o J'rfgi.'oid vl(to>r8 -j^w JH 
 ,.oD te.i-jBV,' fanr brieJ oxqcn* 1 xmec: &iiJ 'to bifix^l eriT . bsnxf J'do gnxed anew 
 d~x J-i^tinad seodw io't aaori;f hoe leviooen lo abnerf adJ- olnx 
 C(?6I nl .a^xw VBVWB 9n,.u Joxi^aib xoA -risiiW 6-iiJ sva.-i od^ 3L<oxx^ ens 1 ^ bleri aew 
 no aex^J- id ".ul lo .^nxllea ariJ -jiunx*itf ;JIT 
 1 ,&$ rtedcievoM fro) isJ-l* X-^' 10i ' l 3 . J"net,.38O88J8 Ic 
 Joxtisxo 0ilJ lo 8^ojo91xb 'io biaod 9iil v.J ebem BFW r<nxJ-sJ.imv,*ioBxi 
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 tQxiMl ioxiecrL'3 .IleoqntsO .J nriol yd beuasi aew nci^uloaexb lo e&iob e TP6I ,1 
 
 X^ffucO onifctemefl ne2 
 
 lo scici etij fix lie lew loxndaxii eriJ lo aeenbeJdebnx ^xbaartv.^wo eriT 
 a3 eiiT .t/jllob sfiJ- no s^aao yJ-li'i lo etai orij J-s biJMf rrsw e^adJ bn* Jn*"rii>w 
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 rJ 1 io lie \Llfsitseiq bleq (.oD 
 
district did not have a very marked effect on the prosperity 
 of the community. If it could have been carried through the section would 
 have become long since a very prosperous "citrus belt" and the failure of 
 the district merely deferred this result. Since the disorganization of the 
 district some pumping has been done and the Fontana Development Company is 
 now selling off the land in 5 to 20 acre tracts, planted with orange trees, 
 and to be served with water from Lytle Creek. The price obtained is from 
 
 5250 per acre up. 
 
 is.-jntwt of aad as * rssult tes d, 
 
 J3 ".v art',.**! -Arm v:h r-.r.se i^ a poiat t-j 
 
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 lo aj faiU! "J'l'jd sunJ-io" ajjoieqsoiQ '\rifev sonis gnol wiooetf evjE-a 
 
 to Roi^j&siftJBSiceib srf* eoi3 . Jlueei ein* bs-ne'tsb \In:- *oitixb 
 ei - ^nenrcclavea uaBtnol arid- bn snob nescf ajeri ^niqi 
 
 6:yffi*io fiJ'-tw beJ-nelc jetofn* OTO<J OS ot 2 x fonsl erij llo anilloe won 
 ax rreiJ6J-io soiic rf? .iaelO &L^\J mail TO^BW ctfit? bsv-ta srf 
 
PROPOSED DOreST IRRIGATION DISTRICT. 
 Los Angeles County . 
 
 10 to i"j*} *or*s, with ti* t,v*,?s.;... ar:***^ .. -,: :, .#r*< :"-. *.;ww *:. r^> 
 
 The petition for the organization of the Downey Irrigation District 
 was filed January 5, 1888, and a remonstrance was filed January 20, 1888. 
 There had teen, prior to that time, many petty quarrels and much unpleasantness o 
 on account of water rights, and as a result the people of the community had, 
 as regards water matters, divided into two parties and each made it a point to 
 oppose anything and everything proposed by the other party. When the proposal 
 for the organization of a district under the V.right law came up, therefore, the 
 opposition wnich was at once manifested was so strong and the prospect of 
 
 wrangling and of litigation so discouraging that the matier was dropped. In 
 
 not 
 this case also many of the landowners had old water rights and they were willing 
 
 to share them with others who had inferior rights. The matter was dropped and 
 the records show no trace of any further action having been taken by either 
 the petitioners or the Supervisors . 
 
 f that y si 
 
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EAST RIVERSIDE IRRIGATION DISTRICT. 
 Riverside and San Bernardino Counties - Organized Sept. 25, 1890 - Area 2690 acres. 
 
 "X. 
 
 ~rov* ' v - - "* esiC* .. ' Bends to *,< eaoi:< v i* 4i.v}?OC<G #e/t o-.tfc!.*r.u ,.? : 
 
 The lands included in the proposed district were held in tracts of 
 from 10 to 300 acres, with the average holding about 40 acres. The land was not 
 being irrigated and for cultivation as grain land was not worth more than $25 
 per acre. The owners were anxious to bring water upon their land and thus 
 render it available for the production of citrus fruits for which it was ae 
 well suited as any land in southern California. There were not enough people 
 living in the district to legally organize the district and men were brought 
 in for the purpose and a petition was presented to the Supervisors of San Ber- 
 nardino County on July 31, 1890, signed by the majority of the freeholders to 
 the number of twenty-three and stating that is was proposed to acquire v>ater 
 eitner from the Bear Valley Water Company, the Vivienda Water Coapany, or from 
 P. A. Raynor. The area included was 2,590 acres, all of which was irrigable. 
 The district was declared organized September 25, 1890. 
 
 The district at once began to examine into the water supply available 
 and purchased 66 acres from John Garner and J. W. UcKensie, paying 430,000 
 for the same. It was estimated by the Engineer for the district, ...r . i . C. 
 Finkle , that by sinking wells on these tracts a supply of 2,000 miners' inches 
 of water could be obtained and that there would thus be an excess of about 1400 
 inches which might be sold. The directors, however, seem to have decided that 
 the plan was not the best possible and accordingly they purchased the water 
 rights and pipe line of the Vivienda Water Company, paying 4100,000. As this 
 company had a pipe line in operation, it was taought that water could be at 
 once delivered to the district. The district also had some wells put down. 
 A 24 inch pipe line nearly 8 miles long was laid from the wells to the lands 
 of the district and an abundant supply of water was thus obtained. 
 
1 
 
 066- 9^; - J8I S* . Jc . oe^ biue 
 
 io aJo-eiJ cut cleri oiaw 4:u*d-?-,xo bsaoqo'jc; ed ni aebuloiix sonal eiiT 
 jon afw imel e:T . si-iO* 0*> d-uc-Xt. anxoloil jj6isv &dJ- riiiw ,3613*5 OQS od 1 01 moil 
 
 io* Jen sew bn 
 
 jlt flne faoel ^ieiW aoqi.' TQ^BW ^ftiid oj at'oixot fiew aionwo anT . SIOJB 
 SJBW di iioiriw TO! aiittl BriJ-xo to ncxJ'Oobo'iq 9i-.j 10: 8lJjBljjv J 1 ! 
 
 iiauoa J-on GTSW srte.iT .imolj:l0 mend'uog ni bttBi -fajE< a^ ooJ-iue How 
 ;a i9w nsis i>n ^oi-ijeic o..J bs;j:nJb^^o ^-^d 6 -^ c ^ -oi*wcib arJJ ni ^aiviX 
 'to 3i03ivr0qu2 a 4 j- oj beJ.ieeenq aaw noiiiit'ecf * ua* sscqiuq enj iol iti 
 aioilciiesi i e*u 'to \jiio iera sai" Y beugia ,0681 IS \li;L no ^iUioO OftJLt'ien 
 oJ^ i/saoqoiq atw si J-rij orfxi'JBtfs OOP at^iJ- \ttitw3 lo i^sauti arij 
 
 10 
 
 iioinw io 1 
 
 ,381 dS laJmf jqea b.esii-ijc^-ic Jba-u-Ioeb a*-w ^oxiu-eib eriT 
 ifad-w eaj- o^nx anxm^xs oj- rtfl^ei eono tfjg ioiiJexfj ariT 
 000,OS# sfiix-**'-! i ai8flA.iar/i .V .1 brifc -syn-LsC; ndcL raoil aeno.6 60 i>oeJBUo g ii/q one 
 .0.1 . 1., ^ox^exc arij' ic'i lasni^nii sdi 1 ^ O6^JsinxJ8t> aew XI . orir-a octd" 
 eorloax 'si6flx.Ti 000,2 lo ^Lqcufi B aio.BTJ' oaedJ- no a^Xlsw ^nxinx 
 00*1 J-i/ocfjs lo aaeoxe tu. sd ^tri* bluow aneai 1 *Aii^ bofi b&xi^cfo ed bluoo i6d-jBr lo 
 befcxoeb 9v*fi oJ' uioea , isvewcrl , mod saiic &iiT .blo^ erf Jrigic: risirfw aedonx 
 TeJ"Bw erij baaErioiJo'cr ^enj- x-l3 fi -i^' ios;>JD biiB olcfx^aoct J'KSO e& ten aew ftelq BfiJ- 
 xaJ- SA .000,0011 gni^sq , ^cujqcroO iej',y BtoneiviV 
 
 ** ad blwoo iaSf.v jiiri^ d-ri^worJ" s/w i-i .nox-tisqo i onxl sqic * fejsri X"*^*! 5 
 .nffob d~uq ellew sr,ioa OKA osle ioxn^exb onT .Jantsib ettt ot bensvileb eono 
 u'l siij- oJ allsv/ 9tU raoil fciel KBW aol ^slirn 8 ylifi&n. awil eqxq rionx M A 
 
 at, ooe tai^exo *>i.f io 
 
(2) 
 
 V/ith an abundant water supply and land of the highest quality it 
 would seem as if the district was in a fair way to success , but such did not 
 prove to be the case. Bonds to the amount of $227,000 were outstanding, of 
 v: ich $.212,000 had been cold for cash, and it was not found possible to meet 
 the interest payments on these bonds for the reason that some of the landowners 
 refused to pay their taxes and although some of the land was struck off to the 
 district, this did not bring in the cash necessary to pay the interest charges. 
 Hatters were going from bad to worse and it was felt that some vigorous move 
 raust be made to prevent absolute failure of the project. At this point Kr. E. 
 A. Chase came forward with a plan to organize as a mutual water company and this 
 was done . The Riverside Highland ^ater Company was organized and took over all 
 the assets of the East Riverside Irrigation District and at the same time 
 assumed all its obligations . This change was made in 1898 and a considerable 
 amount of interest had been defaulted. There wae some question as to the 
 validity of the outstanding bonds and this enabled the new company to buy up 
 most of them at prices ranging from 25 to 50 cents on the dollar. There was 
 one block of bonds of $15,000 which the company offered to buy at 75 cenzs on 
 the dollar but the attorney for the bondholder refused the offer. The company 
 later succeeded in having this ieeue declared illegal . Of the remaining bonds 
 all have bought in by the Riverside Highland toater Company except some v3,000 
 to (5,000 worth which cannot be found, so that the total amount of bonds now 
 outstanding is between (16,000 and (20,000, of which 15,000 have been declared 
 invalid . 
 
 As to the ability and honesty of the management of the East Riverside 
 Irrigation District before the mutual company was organized, there is eome 
 question. It was thought by some that the president of the board of directors 
 (E. A. Robinson) had sold the bonds at a lower rate toan was authorized by law 
 and he is eaid to have received a large block of bonds in some unaccountable 
 
U - u&wnwJ* na 
 
 -on bib :iowa Jjjd , aseooua oj X s '* nisi a tii ajew J-3xi3"3ic 9ti$ 11 aj& meea folirow 
 to , ^nxjuutfaj-juo 3-1 ew 000, Y2*.J -5 lo .Tnt'orae eitf ol abao'd . aaso ariJ- ed otf 
 aidxs^oq bnuol Jon sew Jx bos , rteB 10! faloa iteecf Exeri 000,212^ 
 arii 1 to smoa ^uiii" nc3'?3i enj^ -tot abaoJ s^aaj o s 
 oi- ilo iiOintfa &BW bsl eaJ- lo amos iiawon*l>' brt BSXBJ- nxetiJ- \pq ot 
 laBTej-ai site ^q o* ^T^a-aa^efl cisao 3iit ax giixia' ^on bib sirtf . 
 auoio^xv anioa fxriJ J'lal BJPW Jx brur ee^ow o.* d^a (TTOT! 
 
 .51 .a.4 Jnxoq axrit *A .i'Oatoiq sci* lo a~i;Iifll o^jL'Iosa'3 ^nsveiq od 1 sittm scf 
 .iJ jfte '{OBqinao -id^B* XBjjJ-jjm fl SB esxttB^io oi nslq xs iifxw biBuno'l .wn0 sserfO .A 
 IQVO ^oo h ban; besiaa^io at' v X'" 1 * 1 *-^ ^ i&ta>H bnslii^i'A ebxeneviH eriT . onob s/vw 
 .* araj83 aiio la boa Joii^aiQ aoxd-^^tinl eblatevia ^a'i mii to 
 
 a om? 3C8I ni aajsm aew 93Ofi3 aJriT . artox^^-ildo a^i IJD? 
 3B noxd'aaup ocao3 *v 3'ieiiT . bajLualdh rtae f bsii J'ne'rsJ':-:! lo 
 qu \yd off \nsqtaQ3 wan aciw oaUsne ainj- bn/j abflo-J gnxbri^sJyo sal lo 
 3Bv 3T8iiT .TEllob Siii 1 no aJTiso Ofi ol 22 io*il .jniaaB'i a^oiTCf Jij raeild- lo 
 no ajnao cY SB ^ua Oo bsiatlo ^jjeccaoo and" floxci"/ 000, 21H lo abaoJ lo )toold eao 
 Ifisqraoo eiiT -Talio siij baaulsT asbloribnocf erfJ 1 tot ^"'JO^J'B oilJ' J~ucf lall 
 3bno<i ^oini^mai sri^ 10 . Israeli! banjsioeb airasx ,8iiit anivsJi ni b9beooua 
 000, y eatoa Jqeaxa Y ;tfi< 3' l! ^a-s-' bn^irigxrf ebis'tsvxji eal Y^ H -t iri^'orf svjsri 
 v/oa abnod lo jni;oras iBi-o^ sal .^rtf 03 ,bni;ol ad J-oflitHO rfairfw rfjiow 000,2$ 
 aaod evBri 000,21;? doiriw 10 ,000,321 bn 000, 8I| neaw^sd ax 
 
 lo j-neinaj^iiBm ,:i^ lo 
 
 <-i8i:i)- .aasxaa^io 8w v.. isuj-wn eiii sioled 
 
 In saw" lo -asiJ i .J J-iij smos \$ ^rfyuorid- ^w *I .aoi.asup 
 
 we.. .:.- -iiis- oBit- t .- i- eofiod i i bpti (onxdofl ./, .J) 
 
 . affloa :o aloo . OST ava.i QJ- oJLes ai erf 
 
(3) 
 
 way, for after his death hie wife found them among hie papers tut did not know 
 how they came to be there. On the other hand, others have stated that the 
 management was honest throughout. In the same way, as to efficiency there is 
 a difference of opinion. One man who was very intimately connected with the 
 district , says that the management was very efficient, but it seems to be true 
 that the money expended by the district was put into works which were not of 
 a permanent nature. The Riverside highland Water Company found when it took 
 over the plant that it would be necessary to renew and supplement the works 
 of the district at an expense of from f 200, 000 to 4250,000 tc make then really 
 available for the tract of land . It ir probable that this failure to build 
 works of an efficient and permanent nature and the expenditure of a sum ic 
 excess of the value received was the reason for the failure of the district to 
 operate successfully under the Wright Act. 
 
 Since the formation of the Riverside Highland Vater Company the 
 section has prospered well. The entire acreage is now irrigated and planted 
 to orange trees, and the land is worth from 41,000 per acre upwards. The 
 mutual company has operated successfully and without friction and everyone is 
 
 well satisfied with the existing conditions. 
 
 .0 ' u , f 
 
 .-. !:or.d * s .e - quality tnc would r.ave t 
 
 i.at *-ta> ;i 0- r c ; - 
 
 f '.!,'>! 'f'ffi: t: i .: j? :~~ c:. *>,.;. L...J.U 
 
 oian Creek, erteeAan veils, 2ear ajiC L** k*sir;5?r. - 
 
 unfit for us on tocoiAt &l high blkui *fct*nt, cy Cr. K. W. 
 
 
j o:\f. Jon bia Jij. u'ijqrq ai;i ynoflSB meiiJ bnto'i alJLt aia itffiab <->ia id^'ld 10! 
 
 art- JjSiU :. jj/ja avfifl meriio bnii 'isajo s t j nO . eierij eo cj 9too 
 ai 9'iOiU 'i-ju^ia-U'l* oj 3*- , ^pw enuiv eaj nl .juoa^i: '.-... J'aonoii 
 : ( .J.i.-v baJ obfwoo \I-jjwidjiji y^v 3, tf oitw ui..; enO .noJ:nj.qo 
 95 oJ" ameej J^i Jud ^aeioill* x* 18 ' 8JB *' *ane3*flf>ffl oaj uai 
 to o v on atow doirtw a>iTO" o^ni i-uq *u v JoxtJ-aib sn^ x^ baonsoxu 
 iood" Ji neii* afljjot \ptacfEoO ^sd*lW brtalrigi^ aulaisviH ariT . a-ii/^jsa 3-H9ra-ieq u 
 -nacjfclqquB DIIB wantn oj- ^aaaeoen ad bluow Si J'^ruJ- laslc srit TSVO 
 sa/im o^ OOO.Otii:^ oJ- 00u,008| flioTt 'to 98it-*qx3 n& JB J.siijib eriJ- lo 
 al-tiref cJ- ii;lijsl aihJ- J-jaiiJ- eioadonq ai j~I , b.tjsl lo JOBI* ea^ f iol 
 nx mua e to ertuJ-ionsqxe eriJ ona aruj^.^u i'nafwsaciix.- torus driaioi'tle rm Vo 
 oj- joind'aib aU lo a'ljjlx^l eftl uot noa.otn ariJ 1 B^W bavisoftn aula/ oruf to neaoxe 
 
 .-oA lii^iiW 91 ij aubny yIt;'t3eoowj 
 nJBC [ rao 2 id^JoW ooBlayJt.I abxai9vi;f aiU io uoiJ'finio't 
 ..'.;, be^agxiii oa ai a^ee'ias etJLtno auT .Haw 
 a*iT . ao'iswqu ivioju teq 000, Ii moil ri^Ta* 3- onjeX o;iJ u.i" , ae-ai j 
 si anoxtave ^a> noiJoxi'i luoajiw bos \;IIuta3900uq ba^iacfO a,-;.i ^wqaoo LeuJusa 
 
 . afliJ"iJbnoo jjruJaixa aa^ lUi'j/ jailaij-jsa XIs* 
 

 ELSIKORE IRRIGATION DISTRICT. 
 l'la*f & -.?' v ty i^ prri* <i*c 
 
 Riverside County - Organized December 11, 1889 - Area 15,000 acres. 
 
 on* wr* foot of writer, tax. |1.79 r^uel r-nlau, *.'* 
 
 The Eleinore Irrigation District was one of the earlier districts 
 
 organized under the Wright law and seems to have been started by the enthusiastic 
 
 sres sf 10 .000 *cr*, o U;<u v. - v -. culc ie $i,:?,?X- U/ tfi c*rli;icn,*s 
 efforts of one man. G. W. Bricker learned of the new lav and thought it would 
 
 te of great advantage to the community if a district could be organized in the 
 
 fr-i '.>:" te 'th* diCtrtfct vr e*v. - .. t < .tut * r <ii- j ." j rr. - t/i - -1 ;'. ;t 
 vicinity of Elsinore. His enthusiasm was contagious and hie persistent activity 
 ;i *-. .:: i ---...:* j ..! -,/.v i-o*' : v. ft c.:. -,*..-*: ;Vi f. r '..-.i 
 
 led to the calling of an election and the organization of the district. 
 ;<t $27$, GOP. 
 
 Land in the district was held in tracts av&raging about 100 acres 
 
 and wae worth about 425 per acre. Grain was the principal crop grown at that 
 
 time. Vm. Collier of Riverside ie said to have owned quite a large tract of 
 
 -: X..2 1*X, .-MI a , .. > ^, 
 
 land within the district and he opposed it on the ground that the expense of 
 
 securing water would be greater than the land could bear at that time. r -e felt 
 
 that the difficulties to be encountered in developing a new country were so great 
 . '.. u^e proper ix< rTTc.jh*i ^- . ,, .- / ; . <. ^ >-/--*/,> ,.. -0-. 
 
 that it would be very nearly impossible for people to make a living from their 
 
 land and at tcie same time pay off the indebtedness which it would be necessary 
 
 .;.; :9 *-. *w*:- tlMKM I " -' - i..'"- 
 
 to incur to get water. 
 .'&unf loat Ciy :^.<f A*^ 
 
 The district was organized December 11, 1889 (vote 140 for organiza- 
 tion to 7 against) with 15,000 acres included, of which 13,000 acret, were irri- 
 gable. The land wae of good quality and would have been suitable for deciduous 
 
 trees arc alfalfa, but the question of obtaining water was a serious one. F. F. 
 
 . -.-,,-, < /- i os i* 
 
 kcCray as employed to report on available sources of water supply; namely, 
 
 ..-. fc -/. ,* .-tj7C^-- - *rel '- . ,_ #* :*. rA\ 
 
 Lake hecet, Incian Creek, artesian veils, Bear Valley and Lake Llsinore . Although 
 
 McCray reported favorably on theuse of the waters of Lake Elsinore, which had 
 
 -* *fc* .-is 1 '.'! . . r,*& \t*tii , / *-!. . - K'\ ^jg, ff> tatj 
 
 been pronounced unfit for use on account of high alkali con^ent, by Dr. . . 
 
 hilgard, the directors decided against the uee of the Lake Elsinore water and 
 entered into negotiations witn trie Bear Valley Irrigation Company to purchase 
 
X *'*& 
 
 . ; ,-iD.L 000, dl 9T& - 8661 ,11 -ieamooju basin: :/iC - 
 
 iexliaa snj- to sac aew J-oiiJ-siu noit&^iiil s-ioflisll enT 
 \a beJ"UiJ3 naoJ e/jsii OJ emeae orue WB! jhlsxTt? e*tj- -refanu 
 
 bluow JX liisi/Oitt UB WB! wan soj 'to aem/sal laioiia . W .0 . ttem eno lo aJ'ioll 
 aril no. r> .0 i bli/ca J's.iiJ-aifc .e "ii x--i- Uimf '" !C3 9U ^ ^^ e^JiUJv.jiJ d'fat^ lo 3d 
 
 sin bow euoi^jj-noo ,XDW ir.s^iairnd'na aixi . a'icnicia lo Y'^ n ^i v 
 lo noJ;^5jtaHgio tiiij- une iioi^aala .us io g:ullo aa- oJ* Lai 
 OOx uijodi' dfti^BTjvA 3J-OJB7J ixi bidii gjBtf joiijaxj uiid" i bn|iJ 
 /;;U" Jf: n-vot^ qoio leqiortiiq eu$ BJ-.* uiaTO . STOB Tea &$ i'wodi; nJ"iow aaw bna 
 lo JOBIJ- o^-t/)I ^ 9^iirp benwo sv^il o^ oi^s 3i obiansviH lo 'a$illo0 rm -.* . aniJ 
 lo 3anac,xa aiiJ J-, ..J- bnuoi^ d^L no j^. beaoqqo sa baa u onj-*ib 9'U ni^J-Jcw oruel 
 
 e* 1 . smi^ J.-iU ^JB ised bluoo btuei orU- itself TeJ-jeeiy scf biwow 
 oa slew {ijauco won e ^niqoievaij ni beie^nuoona 3d oJ" 
 /^nivxl fi o.lsm oJ olqosq. lo't sldiaeoqnu \laas*a 
 ecf bliiow Ji rioifiw aaaflidd - oabflji: stil i'to v*! amii' sji^sa aa^ ^ baa bnul 
 
 ,11 
 
 aaioa 000, 1 iisici* lp .bebuloni asio* 000,^1 aj-xw (J-anlBgB V oJ noxj- 
 0i)bxoeb 10! ela'^xua naed svBii bl&row bn^ yfiLaup boo lo SP-W brtel eriT , 
 ^ .'? . no Bi/oxiaa a -AB* iaJsw gnxnisJcfo lo nox^eai/p oiit J-ud ,i3llBlJLB ana 
 , X-tenisn JXlqa^Q lej-w* lo ssoii/oa alcffilxeva no ^icqaT oJ baYoIqina BB* 
 .oionxeli eabsJ bos ^o-t-teV iss 1 ! , allwr ajiBdJta ,il99TCi Jifixonl .J-am 
 iioiiwr ,eionxall aiBj lo aiaJaw eriJ' lo QattenJ- no yidaiovsl be^ioqsi 
 ..^ .d .iI \a ,vitejii03 xlBAJjB A' A ii\ lo Jrti/ooojs no saw lol J'xlai; besiujonoriq need 
 bfus IOJB* 9-ioaiaia siej o.tJ- 'to ay eflt fsaxaga befexob aioj-oixfa 
 aaiio*uuq o^- jO fioxJjB^xvu xelleV iB5d aiij tt^xw efioxJ>ixJ 030*1 
 
(2) 
 
 Class B acre water right certificates as was done by the Ferris and Alles- 
 
 sancro districts. The price to be paid was $15 for each certificate, res presenting 
 
 one acre foot of water, and 42.78 annual rental. The negotiations were 
 
 cone acted on the basis of a duty of 1 miners' inch to 10 acres for an irrigable 
 
 area of 10,000 acres, so that the cost would be 217,500 for the certificates 
 
 and an annual rental of (4.03 per acre. The cost of a conduit to bring the 
 
 water to the district was estimated at about $82,500 so that the total first 
 
 cost would be $300,000. McCray estimated the cost of the distribution system 
 
 at $278,000. 
 
 The directors did not make very rapid headway in their plans to 
 secure a water supply for the district. They had a topographical survey made 
 of the lake, ran a line to San Jacinto , and finally after much delay were about 
 to enter into a contract with the Bear Valley Irrigation Company on the terms 
 set forth above, but many people within the district were not entirely satisfied 
 with the proposition offered and felt that the Bear Valley Company was not 
 worthy of entire conficence. It became apparent that the company was selling 
 more water than it could deliver and the directors of the ^Isinore district 
 found that they could not secure water from that source. 
 
 The failure to achieve any satisfactory results created dissatisfac- 
 tion within the district and people began to cast about for a way to rid them- 
 selves of what they had come to consider a useless organization and source of 
 expense. A suit had been brought in 1891 by the Attorney General of the State 
 claiming that the district had not been legally formed and that there had not 
 teen a sufficient number of signers to the petition for organization. A decision 
 favorable to the district had been given on December 11, 1891, but the case had 
 been reopened and was pending when the dissatisfaction with the district became 
 marked in 1892. The board of directors and others interested were advised by 
 Vim. Collier, Attorney at Law, to refrain from fighting the suit, or to consent 
 
-aellA faoe ziiia'i siij \tf enou saw B.K r:9j-.ijox'ii..fteo iti^ii lejaw SIOJB 8 
 
 lx^Tao iio^e TO! 214 af >* biter ad cJ aoiiq snT . eJox-iJaxo otbcua 
 8'iaw enoxj'.sxjosian saT .Isjaai jLeuaafi 6V. S^ brtR ,TSJW lo Jool STOJB 
 TO! QBTOJB 01 oj aonx 'aienix I Ic ytva * lo sias^ aiil no 
 
 a.ij -jol 00,V.Q$ ed bluo* ieos Q.iJ JJ" os , aanoB OOO t OI lo 
 g.txicf oJ- IxL-uaoo .; ':o ^aoo eriT . aion tec 60. >, 'to laj.iai Leunna AS boa 
 IB^OU 9itt d-aiij oa OOd.LiBi i^uods J-jj be^sffliJaa ajjw J-oinJ-ai 
 noxd'udxiaaib ani- lo Jsoo 911^ ae^amxaas ^BiOoM .000,00| &d 
 
 oj- artfllo ixedJ nx ^-n'osed biqxi v i&v eiiBm j-oa faxij r j-olo9T;xi; riT 
 1 Y8v^U3 Leoxiiqsa^oqol B bfiii Y^' .Jox'iJsxo srtf TO! x-t'IQ*' 8 1^*'* srujoea 
 sia-v ^-t 9 ^ rfauffl lej-le ^IJjBnx'i i,n* .oJ'axosl ae?. ot anxl s'i ,ail srtt to 
 art!- no x n *? m 3 noiJ^giTnl Balls'/ *xj89<J orLt alx.i' J-oxn^noo B olni 
 aa Jon eiew ioxiw'aiu Oi^ nl.'Uxw alcoeq ^nBD: tud .avoda 
 
 J-on as* \;nJ3<i : "'00 i&IIeV mssa diiJ- jjaiii- Jlsl bflB baialio aox^xeoqoaq ortt 
 
 ' i -. * 
 
 X-'^Q 00 anj- J'-erfJ J'naijsqqa aroaoed j-I .sonabxlnoo aixj-na lo Yf 
 
 eioa.'.c!li arii 1 lo ato;? 39110 aril bru? lavxlab blt/oo Ji nsdj" -la^Bw aiora 
 . soTjjoa gf.-rij MOT! IQ^BW aTDOiia Jon bluoo \&dj tccit bnool 
 be^a-io a^IwaaT ^TO^os'tfixJ'Be ^n^ avsxaojB o* aiylx^l onT 
 oxi o^ '{** * ' I0 ^ -tfode Jaao oj- oaasd slqoaq OIUB JoiiJ'axb erfJ nxatiw a 
 lo aoiuoe o noxd - /iSx:-.;^TO aetlseu ss Tjxaoo ol amoo oeri \;e. - U J'Brfw lo 
 J-x^S ariJ lo XBTdnaO Y9ioJ'^ srf* yd 1681 nx J-rigiroid naed bii Jiu^ A . sanaqxe 
 J-on aen aieriJ- tBrur baa banioi ^Ils^el aeed j'on beri Joiij-sib edfr J-jB 
 
 A . aflxJasxoEjio TO! aoxJ'xd'Qq auj oJ aaenua lo Tacfm/jn i-nsxoxllua 
 ; 33^0 aiij tui ,1661 ,11 T3.j>.oo9C no ne^ig naacf DBrf ^oii^axfa 6iit 05 eIleTO'/l 
 
 rtoxi'OBl^i. sivJ- rtaiiw ^itxbflacj aew fan b&neqoeT nf)8d 
 
 "'. ' - -- ' . .- '* r- ' ' 
 
 \d oeaxvcr 3Tav iaJ-?. jT6i-ni ^Ttxi> *o Jbiaoa edT .S68I nx bdrfi/yn 
 
 f ^amo^j'A .isilloO .aiW 
 
(3) 
 
 that a decree be entered declaring the district illegally organized. Thie 
 
 was done and Judge W, L. Pierce, Superior Judge of San Diego County, decided 
 
 on June 16, 1892, that the district was not legally organized and had never 
 
 ;, ; Irrigation i$tr.-- *<- --* c-- .: e 'c;*v 
 
 had a legal existence. 
 
 ' tr.a prapart* w*rt ti;at *lt. irr i-c. -**/ul<i M ?tibi tc det a 
 
 This ended the activity of the Eleinore Irrigation District. The 
 
 $f t/ie 2 i>j-C xo tr '-. ; . '.. * '.'ii -- >j^ ,:.'..." -.^ ifui'-s -.. 
 floating indebtedness had been paid off by assessment and the bonds voted 
 
 to the amount of 4450,000 had never been issued, following the dissolution 
 
 of the district many became discouraged and moved away, especially from trie 
 .-.:t t.-:?. /.. X- Cr-av^lx. At t.iR feT,nrl ta ait^riit at iti* n" ^P~*s 5->-t> - .- 
 section at the southeast end of Lake Elsinore about V.ildomar, and land prices 
 
 fell. Land which had been worth about $25 per acre belore the organization of 
 
 T.jt ; v:. . v< "i Ifi'jo 1". ", . ci^*..'.:,t. 
 
 the district and 1CO per acre after its organization, fell to $5 or $10 per 
 
 acre. In the neighborhood of Elsinore proper the depression was not eo marked. 
 
 The district is still without an adequate water supply for irrigation, 
 onu tae lajuJ wit*Xif I -.ri*. is fit 
 
 About 800 or 900 acres are being irrigated and land is worth from $25 to $300 
 
 per acre. Grain and alfalfa are the principal crops. 
 
 
 
 the ai*triet went 
 ,a i^ th Soard 
 fid or^;ini?.d oa }.-.' 
 Tfa dietrict t 
 00 acr-=>? v., .1 
 
 trr4{jRtL6tt tqr 
 
 ittie <i*iay . 
 
 on October 188V, ^.. t t<\ ui.^io 
 
 f of 
 
 auout 
 
 
i -Joiilsib wtr gal-iB-Iooo baiacrna ad aaioeb js jjsri.fr 
 o, 3 ex3 n3 lo ajfifc-T, ioxtequ3 , 89ix4 . J . iV 9: 3 Jbut bmj anob vev 
 sii Jbns oasiotr^io \IIaaI *on a/TW foiiJaio soj ^riJ 1 ,^681 ,31 enul ao 
 
 .00(19^31X9 legOl * iXSft 
 
 r . J-oi-tJ-exa oi*siiil anaaiaia sii^ to 
 _ ov sfanod oii* bite J-jt&meBoaaB x d 'i* 
 
 gnx-jrolloi . bswsax nead isveo ojeri 000,0<J*$ lo i-nutefi d.-ij- oi 1 
 YAleioorae , XBWB bavora 6aB oa^iwooaib acaisoscf 
 bsl .TBrnobJix.!;" tuoda *jOiU8ia aifij lo fans 
 lo itoj-Jasias^no eaj aioisd 8Tas aq fiS| Juods fiJ^ow 
 
 noq 014 "so $ od- IIs.l .noXvBJiivsaio ai-i naJIs TOB Tq 001$ I>O3 tsi'ifaib 
 ,i>e>i'tt;ni 03 -on asvr oiaaeitq85 ti* isqenq antoaialoi lo bc-jiiiodagian e-:iJ- 1 . 
 noirf^giTii iol ^Iqque Tstiv* e^Bwpaae ms ^uofitiw Ilii'a r ^i toxiJaxi? 9i? 
 006$ ol <!S^ moil diiow si mtel brae ba^Bgl-nx yaisd &i?. 38i&s 006 10 008 
 
 a'tla'ile Ba nisTD .-ia>i 'I 
 
ESCQNDIDO IRRIGATION DISTRICT. 
 San Diego County - Organized November 25, 1889 - Area 12,814 acres. 
 
 of vie 1*UG Jin the ^.iF^rici WJF I.e. 
 
 The Escondido Irrigation District was organized because of the belief 
 of the property owners that with irrigation it would be possible to devote a 
 larger proportion of tne land to the culture of citrus fruits ana other profitable 
 crops such as alfalfa, for which the natural rainfall (averaging 16 inches with 
 a minimum recorded of 8 inches) was insufficient. The first to propose the pro- 
 ject was A. K. Cravath. At the start the district met with no open opposition. 
 The greatest opposition was that of the Escondido Land and Town Company which 
 owned a very large amount of land in the district. There was also some opposition 
 from those who did not care for water on their lands. 
 
 The project was thoroughly justified from an agricultural point of 
 view and the land within the district is of excellent quality and at present 
 yielding good returns. The San Luis Rey River was at that time very largely 
 unappropriated and the district was therefore in a position to secure an abun- 
 dant water supply. 
 
 Inasmuch as those opposed to the district were large landowners wnose 
 voting power was not in proportion to their pecuniary interests, the organiza- 
 tion of the district went forward with little delay. The petition for organization 
 was granted by the Board of Superviecrs on October 1889, and the district was 
 declared organized on November 5, 1889. 
 
 The district thus formed included 12 ,814 acres, of which area about 
 1,000 acres was included in the town of Esconcido, about 2, COO acres was entirely 
 unfit for irrigation by reason of the nature of the soil or by its location 
 above the contour at which the water was brought in, and about 4,000 acres would 
 have required a large expenditure to make the land fit for irrigation. There 
 was, therefore, an area of about 6,000 acres which was thoroughly suited to the 
 
MS, oil 
 
 _..._ 
 
 - 8I ,cii 
 
 'J ogeill 
 
 saJ- 'io aauaoad basx;.u>-io -IAW 
 B e^ovab o- olcfiasoc ao blifow Ji 
 
 i>o aJii/Tl auiJ-ia io 
 i aeao.ii dl ^fi 
 -QIC 9iii- aaoqonq o^ 
 . noxJ iaoqqo noqo on 
 nwoT 
 
 bru>J oiufcnocsii 
 amos o&Is SAW aieriT .J 
 
 ,abl ixaif no TSJSW 
 as noT't 
 
 Io Jaioq Lfi'n 
 
 boe 
 
 amid- Jjutt t* a>;* 
 na eiuosa o$ noisieoq & ai 
 
 l ooxbnooB'i euT 
 siiJ ananwo tfieqoiq adt Io 
 lo aox-ioqoiq la^iaL 
 rioiriw tot .flllflllp as iioiia aqoio 
 at,w (aarioni 8 Io bebiooei mwalaia JB 
 
 arU' ^A . rfa>.v.8'iO . X .A aew 
 - Io i-^fi* aaw aoiJ-i8oqq.o iaei-aai 
 nJt faruel Io J-auoiae ayiBl T 19V B benwo 
 ^on bib orivr asjoiii' raoi'i 
 ariT 
 
 as-v 
 
 to ai Joii^aib aa^ nirii'iw brtsl eat btui weiv 
 H aiuj osS riT .amuJ5i boog 
 3jw ^oivaib erW 1 boa 
 
 aaoaw 8T9fl.70brusI oa*tel eiew 
 
 j ,3^8818^1 
 iol rtoij'ii'Qc; anT 
 a^ biu: ,9681 
 
 BJBW 
 
 b anj oJ jeaoqqo eaoriJ" a* riqumasnl 
 
 noiJToqoaq ni Joa as* nawoq ^ 
 bi/iwiol Jnaw J'oiiJ-sib s1^ Io 
 no a-xoaivigqjj^ Io btBoS and- ^d 
 
 . 881 ,S TaJ-TiavovI no basioe^io 
 J-uoa'j3 B8-i rioxriw lo ,39'ios ^16,21 bsbylanx bsnnol aiKtf ^oiiJ-aib art! 
 
 saiu 000,5 tL-ocfjs .obiunoosi Io at/of oiit ni babi/Ioni a0w aaioa 000 I 
 ^ol BJX Yd no Ixoa 6itJ Io .niri-jsn $4* Io aoaBsn ^tf noiJ-fi^iiix 10! ^x 
 .v aertac 000,^ Juoaa boa ,ni Jri^uona s>;sr taJ-ew adj- rioxriw ^s li/od'ooo artt 
 
 T . n 'ix no't jx'i uael e.i^ o;sia oi aiujxbfleqxa s rt 'il ba*xxupai svxi 
 
 
 
 . Io QIA 
 
(2) 
 
 development by irrigation. Land in the district was worth from $25 to 70 
 
 per acre and was held in small tracts of from 5 to 50 acres with an average 
 
 .; 
 
 of about 10 to 20 acres . More than half of trie land in the district was held 
 by the Escondido Land and Town Company. 
 
 The district planned to secure water from the San Luis Rey River and 
 trict '.-'s*.?\ *f /***4 **M* is^vtc * d*trt 
 
 to store it in a reservoir on the Von Segen branch of San Eli jo Creek, about 
 6 milee from the town of Escondido. The use of this reservoir together with 
 other auxiliary reservoirs was recommended by James C. Schuyler, C. ., to 
 utilize the waters of several small mountain valleys; namely, Bear Valley, 
 !>;endenhall Valley, Quejito Valley, and Daley Valley, besides a portion of the 
 
 5 :..'... '-" -'* ""' ,- 
 
 north elope drainage of Pine Kountain. Mr. Schuyler estimated the cost of 
 
 there reservoirs and connecting ditches and tunnels at $363,636.40. The plan 
 tifcftt t '< i*pli*' :** <f *1*** 
 
 adopted was the construction of the reservoir on the Von Segen branch of San 
 
 Elijc Creek. A loose rock fill dam faced with redwood plank was built to a 
 height of 70 feet, giving a capacity of 3,500 acre feet. The total contract 
 price of the dam was 86,946 in addition to $23,113 expended for the purchase 
 
 and clearing of the land in the reservoir site. The main supply of water was 
 cat tii* f.ci*nrt *a MA* ' -- ->. 
 
 brought from the San Luis Rey River (in Section 33, T. 10 S., R. 1 .) by means 
 
 of a tunnel 356 feet long, ditch and flume, a second tunnel 450 feet long, 
 
 v . A* *?, -/.-...ec j3 
 
 and thence through a natural channel to the dam. The conduit is 15.6 miles in 
 length and consists of 67,287 feet of ditch, 14,142 feet of flume, and 806 feet 
 of tunnels . The length of the natural channel utilized is 3 1/2 miles . The 
 
 :ulC &&-- i.*4l 1& i*"-* t..-.v* "-= it 
 
 capacity of the conduit is 28 second feet or 1400 miners' inches which would 
 
 fill the reservoir to the 70 foot level in about 65 days* The total cost of 
 Sio.CfcC i.a M-* ** rt< ** *i** ^** rw******t> ^*wc *i ?w. 
 
 the conduit was $116,328.60. 
 
 A * j-t- 
 
 The distribution system cost $85,727.80 and consisted of 14.5 miles 
 ex .- e *. . . T V 15 uio vivvric^* Ii was 
 
 of riveted pipes from 3 to 20 inchee in diameter, 2 miles of flume, 1.5 miles 
 
 ~i ' 
 
 of vitrified clay pipe and cement pipe, and 13.5 miles of open ditches, a total 
 
 nf 51 ^ r-.-i 1 ae 
 
(s) . 
 
 OJ 3S3 moil hJ-iow a*w J-sx-iJaxo artf nx bnej . 
 
 ae ajtivr aeto* 32 o* 3 moil lo 3JO.ETJ- liems nx blail *w boa aioa -teq 
 ii saw JoxiJ-aio ooJ- nx on* I suJ lo tJJsii OBI.IJ- sioM . aoToa OS ot 01 iuode to 
 
 ::oO nwoT bru; faotsj obioaooBil eaJ 1 ^ 
 fafts iavi>i \jeH aiuJ OBC! aaj- moil T&-B* aiuoae oi benftelq ^oiiJsxb ehl 
 
 txia rts^ lo itofuj'id aa^eS ncV oriJ 1 ao txovTssai a -ti ii 910^9 o* 
 iiovi633'i siit; io ; -3;.' aii'f .abionoae^. lo nwo^ edJ- coit aelim d 
 oj" ,.a . 'J ,'talx jui i2 .3 aatru:!, yd bab^&TifficoeT 8i# anioviaaaT ^ilix 
 ,XBlIJB/ Tasa ,Ylain ;axallv nipt; nuosa ILfttza letovsa lo 8T^W sol 
 eril lo noi^ioq * saaxsua ,Y6-tIV X ^- 8 ^ b"* jXa-f-tJ 6 ^ oJj.t eu i' i^ 
 
 lo jaoo oriJ baTRmJ^as T9l^wrio8 .I'd .flitt^niior: eni 1 ! lo og^-niaib eqols 
 nfilq 9iiT . 0^.323, C6| fa alsntujf brtK aettetlb gnijoannoo boa rzlovieaat 
 rtai Io rl3fi.8TJ n&33g nov out ao ixovrteesi 'Tj^ Io noxTouiJenoo sti^ 9w bajqobfl 
 B oJ- jiiuo' 3-T.<- ^OBlq boowbei aj-iv. b&ol fflfio lii't xaoi saool A .Jldei 
 Jon'ijnoo IB^OJ" oriT .Jeal BTOA 00fi, to \^io^qo a %aJLVi& .^aal 0? lo 
 ea^xioiuq aiti' io't bebfisrxc* 11, 6^| oJ- noi^xjba rtx 3* S, 68^ > # m*so actf lo eaxiq 
 as* lejaw to \Iqqjja nlsm otiT . atis ixovieaeT ertl nx arml saJ 1 lo 
 -^ 3 OX .T , noitosa nx) ^&vxH ifsH axuj oa sd^ 
 
 o.te lio^xb ,^nol J-sol d l&nnuj *s lo 
 
 ael . -I ax ^xubaoo euT .raeb Qfij- ot lannisuo J>7jj^*fi e iii;o-iri^ sonarW- bas 
 d08 bnB ,anu<il lo ^e't Si'l,*! ,fio*Jtb lo Jsal ?8^,V3 lo g^axewoo ba& riJ-^rtoI 
 onT . ajlim S\I sx besxlx^u Isnosuo IsiiJj-jBn artf lo rW'^flOl aiiT . aljnuu- lo 
 
 nx 'a'laaxm 00*1 *io j-eal bnooea 8U ex Jxufanoo siit lo 
 
 Ic j.^oo leJ-oj- adT .s>pBD do Jruo'Jfi nx L&v&S. tool 0V oof of Tiov^SBBT add' 
 
 . :.d. 8^2,311 j e*w Sluoao 
 
 ,iFrt03 bnB 08. VSV.584 Jaoo arsj-eTja noxiwo'x^aib sdT 
 
 aa J.- a&Iirn u .lajaaaaxo rsj. .^^lOfu OS oJ" atotl a-joxq be^svxi lo 
 
 is , ': xci \Ir> oaxlxiliv lo 
 
 2. IS lo 
 
(3) 
 
 The total cost of the works therefore, was about $312,115.40. 
 
 It was decided August 18, 1390 to issue $450,000 in bonds. On 
 technical grounds the court refused tc confirm this move and after the objection 
 that the petition was made by directors personally and not by board as a dis- 
 trict had been removed, the Superior Court of San Diego County issued a decree 
 confirming the organization and the issue of bonds on July 11, 1891. This 
 ieeue of bonds was based on the first estimate of James D. Schuyler, Consulting 
 Engineer, which was, as stated above, $363,636.40. The change in plan and the 
 selection of the San Luis Key River as the source of supply led to a reduction 
 in the estimate and it was voted to reduce the amount of bonds to $250,000. Later, 
 on blarch 9, 1895, the district voted (100,000 additional bonds on an estimate 
 that EO much above 4250,000 was necessary to complete the system. 
 
 The bonds were sold for cash at 90 cents on the dollar except for 
 $20,000 worth traded for water rights. I. . Doty was the buyer but he sold them 
 at once to Kenry W. Putnam of New York. Doty was the contractor and it might 
 appear that the award of the bonds to him involved some questionable transactions, 
 but the payment was made in gold coin to the treasurer, J. h. Anderson, and 
 Doty's bid was the lowest of several competitive bids submitted. Just what 
 relation the amounts bid bore to the amounts which would have been demanded had 
 the proposition been on a purely cash basis, it is impossible to say. It is 
 claimed that the cost of the works to the district was one-tnird more than it 
 would have been unoer a cash proposition, and this is born out by the statement 
 that Doty sold the bonds to Putnam at about 75 cents on the dollar. The sum of 
 $20,000 in bonce exchanged for the reservoir site was presumably issued at par. 
 
 having disposed of the bonds, the contract lor tne construction of the 
 works was let and carried out ana water was delivered to the dieirict. It was 
 found, however, that with te duty of 3 acre feet fixed by the oictrict, only 
 about 1,000 acree could at once be irrigated. The annual payment necessary to 
 
lo Jcoo Iwoj 
 
 000,^ 9j,3BX o* 396I ,81 J-ajj^uA bebissi 
 
 noiwoaj;cfo artJ" isJl^ b avoffi aiiij nni'ifloo o,fr besiilai J*xt;oo ertt 
 -aib i 3 based x j * 0il orus ^Ilnnoanec anojoaiib x d ebiau saw 
 
 bewaai x 
 aifiT . ISSI ,11 ^lut ao abnoi lo tiuaax aru arts noils sin^ 
 
 .(I a^nusl lo sJisr-iiJaa r Bix't siU ao bos-J asw sbnod lo 
 bop nslq rti agrusxio sril . 0. de, SSJ , avoj* oaJsJa SB ,BV auihw , 
 iJODboT B oJ- oel Y^<?^2 ^ soiuos aiil a* 'isviR ijen aiuJ os3 anl lo 
 
 .000,OcSy o^ abnoi lo jrnuofB* aai aouba'i oi ba^ov as* ft one eJ^mUae adj i 
 j-^nsxi-aa ne no sbaoi IflnoxJ-ibbB 000,001| bSoov joi'uaxb 9iil ,3681 ,6 lioih^I no 
 .aajsxa en- sj-alqcioo oJ- ^'LBB-aecan s#w OCW.Ofiit^ svodfi iioi/m oa fftitt 
 tol Iqeaxs i^IIob edJ- no aJnao 0<? ^ .1aeo lol bloa sis* qbaoa e.iT 
 bloa oa J-jjcf i9\wd stii saw ytod .3. .1 . a^rt'axT TQJBW TO! befasil nd-iow 000,02$ 
 ens lOJ-o^tJnoo sal aaw ^oCI . xioY wsM lo aisnJ-ul .W 
 araoa bavlovrtx miri ol abaoa arL 'to biavwi 
 
 bos .noaiobnA .H .1 , tsiuai-Qif *te oj .1x00 blog nx $bfim auw ^ndmiiflq ertf 
 jflriw waul, . bsJ'J'xindjja abxcf svijij-equioo Is-isvee 'lo Isawol ea'J- -^w bid 
 aebnemab aaed av^ri aiuow doiriw a^m/oniB sal oJ 9100 bid uj-rujomB 
 si j-I . xs oJ- alcfiaaoqmi ai J-i ,8X3d rlaao Tjleiwq B no neacf nox^iaoqoiq aril 
 i oeaJ atom biiai'-eno B^W joiaiaxb Qti^ ol a^iow ed- 'jo j-aoo ertf JwriJ' faemialo 
 arU" \<d J'tro mod ax axiir bos ,noi^iaoqoiq riao B isbau nssd avjsd blx/ow 
 lo ;>.JJB axil . i."-IIoj siiJ no aJnao 2T i-wodfl j^ aanjuH oi abnoa' srid" bloa xJ"Q *Brtt- 
 . TjSq te ijei/asx ^I-JfiiMjaeiq axw oj-xa aiovnessi aiij' TO! ba^osrioxe abnocf nx 000, JS$ 
 i^- lo rtoiJotmanoo snd- Tot joaij-noo 6iiJ ,abnod eaj lo baaoqaib ^niveri 
 
 " .<';/, 
 
 8w J"! . ,; .:i^ oJ beiavilsb rusw 'isj^w J.XB tyo bsimao baa j-el isw a^iow 
 
 -.0 ,Jo.; b^xii ^rac-i eioB lo \iub arur ni'xw J'fiiif ,ievewori , bm/ol 
 
 j.i aano ^ bluod aaioo 000,1 
 
(4) 
 
 cover running expenses and interest on the bends was about 424,000, of which 
 about tlC, COO was paid by the Escondido Land and Town Company, and as this 
 company eoon refused to pay its taxee, the load thrown upon the other landowners 
 wae felt to be too heavy to be borne and the majority of them ceased paying 
 district taxes. No interest wae paid on the bonds for some years and the 
 works of the district were allowed to run down. Conditions in the district were 
 very bad. Property was not saleable at any price and people were afraid to 
 make improvements as they were uncertain as to whether or not they would lose 
 their property to the bondholders . 
 
 In 1904 proceedings were begun for an adjustment of the debt. The 
 bonds with their unpaid interest amounted to about $498,365 (January 1, 1905) 
 and were all held by H. W. Putnam, then of San Diego. W. h. baldridge secured 
 an option on the bonds providing that if the bondholder received 200,000 and 
 interest within a certain time, the bonds would be surrendered. The property 
 owners held a mass meeting and appointed and Executive Committee of fifteen to 
 aeviee ways and means of raising the money. It was decided to assess all 
 property within the district and that assessment was the basic of the amount 
 that each property owner should pay towards the redemption of the bonds. At 
 the same time it was agreed to organize a mutual water company. The people who 
 paid their assessments were to have a share of stock for each dollar paid on 
 their assessment. The money was raised on this plan. The levy made was on a 
 basis of 4G/ of the assessed value of the property . The bondholder received 
 208,000 and 2C,COO more was raised to repair the aitches, etc. The bonds 
 thus became the property of the Escondido Mutual Viater Company, the stock of 
 which \vas held by those who had paid the assessment, and this company trans- 
 ferred the bonds to the Irrigation District in exchange for its property. In 
 tnis way the debts of tne district were cancelled and its dissolution made 
 possible. A provisional decree of dissolution was entered by Judge N. h. 
 
rtff lo , 000,>S? fuel** QKW ajnoo &iis no fasinttu. ba* asendqxa gniruwn 
 BJrfj 3JS bfiB , Tjrwc./noO rwruT one urwsj obxonooal eii* \d biscr saw 000. Oli 
 aTsa-jfobm-1 isiuo arij noqu nwoiitJ ..j.ci -.-.iJ , aaxusj aJx \v;v oi ;a ,;:;; nooa 
 
 fiXYq baa<50 modi 'io '^tiio\,aai atif baa emoo' QJ ol -^vaaii oo^ d ot Jls": aew 
 
 aril bn eteox sraos 10^ -ibnod eaJ 1 c aijgc SB* j-saiaJrii o-l 
 siaw j'oiij'aib n:ii ui enoxJibfJoO .nwoo HJJT o* i>8v?oilB smo* J">ii*aio e^ lo 
 
 a/is eoiiq Y"^ ** 6ld&&Laa too. a*w ^J 
 jotx 10 Terijdrfw oJ ai: niJT9Dno }& ^artj a^- 
 
 eriT .Web e/lJ- lo j-namj-aut&js (is 'iol nugaJ e-;i aaaibsatoiq 0I nl 
 (5091 ,1 ^liii/oal) 2dt,Qt$ j-uoifi ol banoorn* J-aeteJai bi.Bqnjj liarU d^iar efanod 
 fasnuosa ayb.oh.DscI .ri .v/ . o- 3 exd oe3 lo nenJ- ,nrBtt/^[ ^W .H \d bls.i 11^5 die* boa 
 bae 000OOS5 bs'/xaoei labioabnod aiU 'ti JfiOt gnibivone abnoo eiij no ncjcjqo OB 
 ^J-'iaqoiq ariT . bei8bnsTu.'8 acf bli/ow ebnocf aal , ewid 1 i^io B nin^ivr 
 oJ- n93*'tjti lo aeJ'J'immoO evij oa.< ; orus jaj-iuoc;'c* JPU ^ai^aacn esjain olari 
 HJQ aaoa-y oj- oebioob 3ir ji . ^enoa: enj- -jflxaiei lo aoeaa: bAB a\w 
 jnjjoaifi &fit to aisad eriJ aww Jnanreaoaaje i'urtd' one /oi'tJ-sib sn.d' nirttxw 
 JA .sbf.od SiU io noii-CnebeT sdj 1 ib'JewoJ x**! blt/oria ionwo 
 onw slqoac eaT .^tBqmoo TSJ^W IBW-WD B esiijio oj- b&anya SBW jx omx^ aniBa 
 
 no bijeq ifllXofa rio/!9 nol jioci-3 lo 9-sjsua ^ evBii ot enew aJrier.aaoaajB 
 
 * 1*6 UMP abBtn \vol 8,1? . :t j'.r ein^ no baaim esw \enom c-i.T 
 
 bsvxQoai lablorfbnod ari'f . \^T&qotq afiJ IQ eulfiv L -ssvafis edJ lo )^0 lo axes: 
 
 abnocf sitf . s^a .asrtoj-xo aa^ alfjqeT ol baaijn as* aiom 0'30,OS4 bne 000,802^ 
 
 lo xoojg a;i^ ,-^iBfiffloO letBtf iBtiW obxbflooaa ati^ lo Ytiaqoiq srtj aoBoacf eJUflt 
 
 -en/cvu x* 115 ^^ 00 3ifi- faru? , JTfamaBas^B srU biscr ij:ri oriw s-aortJ ^cf bled asw rioinw 
 
 nl . Y^aqotrf aJi nol a^nflnoxe nl J-ox-UaiU noi^/^nil e.-W oJ 1 ebnod 0ht betial 
 
 sb^ra oi^u!oTixb aJ-i ^na fat o e'tew j-aiiJ-aib arif io *rdsfa 9iit y&tr airii 1 
 
 Toab iBnoxaxvot- [c/xsaoq 
 
(5) 
 
 Conklin, Superior Judge of San Diego County, on HaySl, 1905, to be made final 
 when all details of settlement were completed. 
 
 The litigation of the district was not very extensive. There were a 
 few suits regarding right of way matters, but these were of little consequence. 
 There wae also a persistent attack on the district by the Escondido Land and 
 Town Company represented by Geo. h. Maxwell, who attacked tax levies, tax sales, 
 and the legality of the district. In these matters the district was as a rule 
 successful. The most important suit was that of the Merchants National Bank 
 of San Diego v. Escondido Irrigation District, 144 Cal . 332. The bank held two 
 trust deeds to secure two series of bonds for $250,000 and $100,000 respectively. 
 Upon default in interest payments the bank took possession of the property and 
 commenced suit for foreclosure and sale, but the defendant (the district) got 
 judgment in its favor in the Superior Court of San Diego County. On appeal 
 the Supreme Court affirmed the decision of the lower court on August 3, 1904, 
 so that the bondholders found the trust deeds of no avail in their attempt to 
 secure possession of the property. 
 
 Under the ^scondido L'utual Water Company the district has prospered, 
 although even now only about 1,000 acres of land are being irrigated and there 
 is n.uch dissatisfaction with conditions . The control of the company has fallen 
 into the hands of a. few large stockholders who use tneir power to further their 
 OV.TI interests anc wno cieal arbitrarily with the applications of otners for water. 
 Tne community is, however, a very prosperous one. Land is worth from fc?5 to $150 
 per acre for unimproved land susceptible of irrigation. Improved land is worth 
 from fc25C to $1,000 per acre. The value of the land without water (for grain 
 farming) would be something like J25 per acre , as a basis upon which it would 
 earn a percentage upon the investment. The size of holdings is now even smaller 
 than at the time of the organization of the district. The land and Town Company 
 has reduced its holdings of land within the irrigable part of the district very 
 
ijsn.il asjea ed o* ,aOCl ,I\pM no , ^nroO ogaxa 53 lc ogbt'l. 
 
 . batelqmoo eiw jnems 1^0-3 lo alxeJab Ilfl ash* 
 9-1 ertT . 8Via.ct0Jx9 Y* 8V Jofl 8ii '* J'JiiJaib site lo noxJ-sgJtfxI aril 
 
 iJ-Jxl lo ertav saafiJ- d-ud , rtetf;rn Y*^ ' to Jda-to sni^Bgei stlu* wsl 
 obibncoa;! aitt "^ Joli^aifr- 9ri* o ^oalt* J-n^aiaiaq oele a^ eterlT 
 
 aim a as asw Jox-waxo eut ai&t jjsm aae.it I .Joi'rtaxis fitf lo 
 
 .rtf lo i&iit j8w jxua jni-^Toqiiii -aos: eriT . lulaaaooua 
 
 000,0011 onus 000, 3fiS| r rol abaod lo aai'iea ow* 8 r u;o3 o^ aboab 
 
 lo fldiB39fi r -:op jioo^ Jiruad erii- aJ-ntm\jj^ d'asT-jjnx ax -l^js'tab aoqU 
 ertr) ifBSbalb etir luJ .olss arue eiuaeloaiol -iol J-xua beoaenanoo 
 .TjlntoO ogeiCI a8 lo i"iucw ToiioquS add- x iovj-1 aix ni 
 ,&0f?'I ,S JauguA ao d'TUoo iswol aiii" lo noxaxoeb sU bacnillja d"xi;oO 
 o^ :; lieri* ai Iljaws on lo abaei Jejrtf add- bnua't majlodbnod 
 
 . xJ-iaqcnq *dj. lo noiaaaaaoq 
 ,b'; ii J-oiii-axb arid- ^{nusq 
 
 an . . . .:j.BMX"nx nxd 91B hnel lo aanoe 000,1 fyo:ffl \irto wea 
 nsj .r^qmoo aiiJ lo xVtfnoo eaiT . anoxliontoo riiiw nox^ofilBX^aaaxb iiowm 1 
 
 lawor. 'ixe.td' ssjj oriw sieilociaaoi'a ag'usl wsl s lo adnari arid" o^ni 
 10 8noj.J"3Xlqq aM^ fitxw ^ixil^idia I*9J oa^ ijae aiaeaa^ax awo 
 iow jfe ofijEiJ . aao euoiaqaoiq -^isv a .aavawou , ax ^jUuHtimoo 8iiT 
 
 1 T9J-BW J-yOim f bflBl 6:;. . -:.'IfiV C.- 3B 19q 000,1 TJOll 
 
 bl y aiafiJ JB 
 
 i9l. i ax a^nxbloii lo . JB aisa 
 
 Yfii bJtB boBl ariT . J^i 10 noi.JjBsxfuBg'Jo atfe lo *- 
 
 .. lo a.. iflxfaloil aJx 
 
(6) 
 
 much. Tracts now run from 5 to 15 acres. The principal crops are citrus fruits, 
 
 ? -s^-. . AJ.^ i" '-Cr 
 
 and considerably more alfalfa, etc. 
 
 It appears that the failure of this district to continue in active 
 operation as a district was due to two causes: (1) the deeire of the Escondido 
 Land and Town Company to destroy the district, wr.ich it felt was detrimental 
 to its interests, and (2) the desire of certain men to change from the district 
 form of organization to the mutual form in vrhich the controlling influence would 
 lie with those who controlled the majority of the property instead of with the 
 
 -. a* i r n^ I/ 
 
 majority of the voters as under the district. These influences were powerful 
 enough to bring about a default ir. the payment of interest and a depressed 
 
 condition of affairs and finally an adjustment which destroyed the district and 
 
 , fes.-J Cli' F : i-it. f i& &"-OE ? ti-r -t * r ' <; 
 set up the desired mutual company organization. 
 
aqo*i iaqiaaiiq aiiT . agio* ci ctf c 
 
 .0^3 .allaljji &IQCJ \IcfjFfJ9oiait03 boa 
 
 oi euaiJ-itoo o* joii^-ijtb aJutf lo aijjli^l on^ ^o* ai^aqq^ jl 
 oi .J lo siiaai) &ri;t (1) ;aa8U&o owj oj ewij aew ^aiiJ-gib <3 
 
 sii^da a** j-Il ti ftox.v* .joiiisii au^ ^^JS 9 " of ^cwcfmoo aoT 
 3*1* mo-j'l e^iifiiic* o^ nan ajbsd-iso lo aileeb srij" (5) oaa .sJ^aisi-i 
 
 bluow soneullni ^iilo-xjnoo o.id" aoxdw ru nol IsuJ-un e.iJ o^ noiijeslaeiio lo anol 
 riJ-iw lo bjaa^aai ^' i <io^c sia lo \Jx'iotBrc sao 1 - ijallo-uco ort* soaj li^iw eil 
 9Tew aeoasuXlni sseiiT .J-uxi^aib sfit isbny 3^ sia^ov &<ii lo 
 bos t^isni lo *9u:Y*fi ^" ai- ;Hwl9c a i'uocfa ^nind 
 one j--. 9ij- bsx ' 1 * 9 ^" doxaw ^nafad-^jutos J x^-LB 3 ^^ - ij8 a'XXJHll^ lo 
 
FALLBRCOK IRRIGATION DISTRICT. 
 San Diego County - Organized April 6, 1891 - Area 12, COO acres. 
 
 The district around Fallbrook was settled by a number of people from 
 the Kast who were not familiar with southern California conditions and who felt 
 that they must get water and have irrigation to secure good returns from their 
 agriculture. The conditions in the district, as regards topography were not 
 well suited to irrigation for it is a hilly country and norover, it would nave 
 been necessary to condemn a dam site and water supply. 
 
 Those foremost in promoting the district were farmers resident there, 
 among whom were Eartlett, Scott, A. F. Gate, Charles Richardson, Filincre Neff , 
 II. Tomlin, Eugene Fallis, and Crin Rice. The opposition came from the large 
 landowners of whom the Palomares, represented by Lee & Scott of Los Angeles, were 
 the largest holders, with about 2, SCO acres. 
 
 The district was organized on April 6, 1891 and the directors began 
 to cast about for a source of- water supply. It was proposed to dam the Santa 
 Margarita River near Fallbrook, but this was not adopted. The plan preferred 
 was to builc a reservoir on Temecula Creek, the dam to be 40 feet high. lor 
 
 this purpose a bond election was held on November 8, 1891 and $400, OCO worth 
 
 i :, '.. . 
 of bonds voted. The directors then applied for confirmation of the bonds. 
 
 Attorney J. R. Scott on behalf of H. B. Abila as guardian for certain minors, 
 intervened and contested both the proceedings for the formation of the district 
 and also those for tae issuance of the bonds, fie was joined by a number of 
 other landowners in the district. The Superior Court of Pan Diego County gave 
 
 " f 
 
 judgment in favor of the district, on February 27, 1893. Abila appealed to the 
 Supreme Court, which reversed the judgment and cent the case back for a new 
 trial. The point at issue was tne sufficiency of the signatures to the petition 
 for organization. After the second trial, Judge E. S. Torrence of San Diego 
 
L. 11017* -j-raj: 
 
 . 3Q10B 003,^1 Jse-iA - letl ,3 IxiqA 
 
 cacii olqooq to "lua'nujn Y^ beUJou afsw xooidllJsi bai-'OiJi J-axn;J;3 eriT 
 li>l ou* fan* aoiJ-i;j;iOD siaiol.iljsC insittuce .ijx* -lailxuial Jon sias oaw 
 moil amjJtsT boo^ aru-'oe . oi~ ftoi^jxnni SVJB^ ona i3j-/:w Je^ J'aitt 
 aiaw xn&ij'i.ijoqoi' aoi^oi a/j .^o^jaio eiif tix snoi^xonoa eriT . 
 
 Jx ,i6voioc bits ^sJnyoo ^Jllxti >i ax Jjc -ic't noxct-^^i'nJ: oJ- oe^xi;3 Hew 
 
 . ilq,_jJ3 leJaw aruj ejia xfuefa B rHnaanco Ow r ;ts aaeoan 
 tuOTii't a-iaw j-aiiiaxn oiiJ' a"i' ) " " >0 ' Ic i n ^ Jaomeio't >30iiT 
 ,ll9ii 9*iomIx'I , aoajififioxfl aaii^ri'J l 9d->--0 . i .A .J-i-oo-^ , J-J-el-osd Q^e1r moriw 
 
 artf :noil ariBo noxj-i^oqqo oa'i 1 . QoiPi niiD brts t axili ens^i .niJJnor .tf 
 ao.[ lo J^oo3 x aa-.I vd od^naaeiqei , ea-t.-raolfil 8ii^ jnoi ^ 
 
 . aeio 002,2 J'yori'r .i^iv t aisibloii 
 
 aiojoanxb o.iJ- uitB I?8I ,j Ix'jqA ao besxfij.j'io 3^*' joxij^xb ariT 
 Qiij 1 fliisd oJ 09900010 3/:w JI . Y^sQ^s Taj'i'/Ar lo eiiijoa a *tol j-uoa'a 
 diq fiBlq sriT . b&uqo;W J-on 2 ."W airU tu" .^ooiallBi tBbn -is 
 10 i . li^jia Joel J od o^ rosb 4>iij jiaetO BlijoemsT no ixcvviasdi a oliuci o 
 000,00^ bft 1561 ,62 isJ'raavoH no blsa a^w ncxjnsla bno ( aaoqtuq 
 
 i' lo aeiJvwiilaoo TO! osilqqe neiiJ' artoJoeaxb enT .bs^ov abnod lo 
 im nxJ3.)"io xo't ^UBib^f;iJa s fiixdA .3 . H lo lleriaa' no J-7C02 ,fl . 
 Oii.fr 'to fjoxjsmiol 04J 1 iol a^nxbaeooi-r a^j d^o^ beJ-aaJ-nco bne 
 lo i9Q'ou,a s x^ -OQ-<H afi* aH .abnod stij- lo sooeusex o.tl TOI gnoriJ' oale bns 
 
 ia cif)2 lo J-iuoO iojnsqjj3 eiiT . J-oxijexb eriJ nx nTan-robnfli 
 9flJ oJ- bal oqq jsIxa'A .681 ,?ji v;n/}i;nrf9i no .^oiiJ-aib sn^ lo 'iovil ni 
 
 wen e iol aiaed 83BO azi tna-. one jnwsghu[ QiU beatsvsi riolaw ,4"iuoO ainsiqt'3 
 ,q e.iJ- o. v asiwj-^ajxa srlj 1 lo xrtsxox"tii;3 dr.J aaw swasx J- jtiioq eriT . IBXIJ 
 
 .1,10038 aaj -xallA .nox^sxnp^io 10*1 
 
(2) 
 
 County on April 6, 1898 declared the district illegally organized and the pro- 
 ceedings null and void. The Court found that the petition was not signed by 
 fifty freeholders, and that certain other technical omissions had been made. 
 
 In the meantime and prior to the decision last mentioned, the case of , 
 !:aria K. Bradley v. Fallbrook Irrigation District was brought to the U. S. Cir- 
 cuit Court for the purpose of quieting title against sales made of the land for 
 delinquent assessments levied by the district for the purpose of paying expenses, 
 and to restrain the issuance of a deed on those assessment sales. Judge Rose 
 rendered a decision on July 22, 1895 declaring the Wright Act unconstitutional 
 and void as depriving the landowners of their property without due process of 
 law. The district then appealed to the United States Supreme Court, which 
 reversed Judge Ross's decision and sustained the constitutionality of the act, 
 which was the only point involved in the case (164 U. S. 174). 
 
 The district did not have any marked effect on the prosperity of the 
 
 4 j ' t ' ' ' ff "- r 
 
 community. It did have a bad effect, however, in stirring up factional strife. 
 
 \Yhether or not the district would have succeeded if it had been able 
 to ertablieh its validity in the courts, it is hard to say, but it ceems likely 
 that the high cost of bringing water on the land which the broken nature of the 
 country would have made necessary, and the fact that there was no abundant 
 
 ^.e\A 1*vt * < >' j'r> - "-'*'' ' ! f*. . 
 
 water supply readily available, would have proved great obstacles. The Temecula 
 Creek fron which it was proposed to take water is tributary to the Santa Margarita 
 River vnich flows through the Santa V.argarita Ranch. Tne owners of this ranch 
 would, in all probability, have attempted to prevent trie acquisition of appro- 
 priation rights by the district, and as riparian owners, would very probably have 
 succeeded in restraining the district from rr.aking any appropriations unless their 
 rights were first condemned. 
 
-oic a 4 ij ~a.-. oasia.TjTO ^JLTjoXIi $$iijQJ.Z> aaj usaeloaij 86S1 ,3 Ix'iqA no 
 YO 00113x3 uOii aj ,v iTcx-iJuq 9uj d-tf.ij- oflucl J"iJJcO eaT .oiov bns IIu 
 . ab.-:fu ;i9;3J oi.it Siioi^-jli.io l^siiUiO-aJ" 'laftfo iix)"xea juu toe , aioblorie 
 lo eeao duj- , danciJ-::.j. ja^I nui-aioab add' oJ" loiiq snfi afflxjfira:^ s.il nl 
 
 -TXO .S .U 9-"iJ OJ jli^UOld' 8BW lOXIjSiu flOic^XTli 3l007iIl'I .V ^^19 . X X1*i : 
 
 lo eiij-w. 3oJ^3 -aiii?3 oloij ^niJai^p 'to -s^oqnwu o;i nol J7uo'J ^xiro 
 xfcc lo 6^JOG^^Jo mj ic't J'oi'iJaxJs auJ- joive 
 
 ^/i aaoriJ" no be&b ^ 'io 
 
 af-.j -jfui^Ioao S98J ,,. -{Ix-l. no ooiaxoeb B bs-abnan 
 lo a^eooiq -3jjj j iT.iJi v x ji ' I9 C*u TiiauJ to 3TJnv/oon^'i srij jrtiviiceb BB jiov boo 
 
 iioj.i.v ,J-niio3 auronqiJg saJftj? oe-ia'J efiJ cl bsl-^oq-'ri ne.u- j-ax^axb eaT . 
 j oi r;ij- 'to ^j-ilftoiJ'iJ^xj' ..co y^i! 1 
 
 .(.-?! . ? .V Kil) oaio dri^ ni ba/lo 
 
 'io x "x-iacBOi.'i Oiii- iio j-out'ts aeiijjai 'ina sv;;d .roit bi5 -sxijai 
 
 'te !)*-' B sv^d faxb 
 naaj 'axA Ji 'ii j^ijaoooL-;? aws.-i oli/o* jox'iJ"xb orij J-on TO 
 
 -j ( vj;:3 oi- bifi a.L J-x , sJiwoi oiU ni vtxbilsv QJX 
 lo yiUfhK naaonj eriJ' iioiiiw boei cdJ- no taJsw sni^xTd to Jeoo 
 im/sbrma.f: on s/jv 9'jouJ j/tciu d"o^.l eftf bns ,\^?a3&09n eu^m avert blt/ov 
 ? arfT . eolo/vedo J-^.ii^ bevoiq svi-ri bli/ow < 8lJli/:v.s \lxbBsi ^Itrqua ic. 
 vftB^ ahj- cj \-ii-! wU'Jii^ 3X T^J-/;^ eJi^* OJ basoqoiq <3W Ji iloxu* roil Xa&rtO 
 axriJ 1 lo 3'iefsivo an! . ioosH Bti^':gia .f aJriB'J saj risL'O^t^ ewoll fioi.iw iovi/1 
 lo noiJxBxupaa aiU ^iiavenq oJ' bajqma^j 1 ^ ev/-ii , x^ilx^deiq lie ni , 
 * t aianwo a^xteqx'i B bn-s? .j-oxuaxb sdj- ^ sj'ii 
 
 aib 8n giiiiiiiid'QOT ni babeaocue 
 .bannebnoo taiil: 9*ja 
 
GLEKDCRA IRRIGATION DIFIKICT. 
 LOB Angeles County - Organized January 25, 1692 - Area 3,000 acres. 
 
 Prior to the organization of the Glendora Irrigation District, the 
 town of Glendora had teen laid out by the Glendora Townsite Company and the 
 exclusive right to supply the town of Glendora and the Glendora tract with water 
 had been reserved to the Glendora Water Company. !, J r . G. D. Whitcomb was presi- 
 dent of both companies. The Glendora Water Company was not successful in 
 securing an adequate supply of water and such as was furnished was unfit for 
 domestic use and insufficient in quantity for irrigation. I/any landowners 
 had planted trees and were obliged to haul water in tank wagons to keep them 
 alive . In order that the community might develop and become a fruit raising 
 section it was necessary that a more satisfactory water supply should ce obtained 
 and it was felt that the organization of an irrigation district under the Y.'right 
 law would be the most satisfactory method. The movement was launched by those 
 owning land in the district, the largest tract containing only 20C acres and 
 the average being about 40 acres. Mr. Whitcomb offered to sell the existing 
 plant to tr.e district when its organization should have been completed. 
 
 The pnysical conditions within the district were favorable to the 
 plan as the land was of the highest quality and has since been planted with 
 orange and lemon trees with entire success. Land without water was worth 
 about 25 per acre for grain farming, while with water it was worth several 
 hundred dollars per acre. Less than 200 acres were being irrigated at that 
 time . 
 
 The district was declared organized January 25, 1892, the vote having 
 been 88 for organization and 2 against. The area included was 3,000 acres of 
 irrigable land, all of the beet quality. 
 
 The organization completed, the district voted bonds in the amount 
 
* 
 
 oifl .ia<,j zr-^ jeicb.islj io 
 
 nccc a.ij v 
 
 -sol 
 
 CI+. 'i^J AU^ 
 
 fcj[q 
 
 icic.f-t 
 
 rs \ftieup Jasfi.jia il lo 
 
 es rxX 
 
(2) 
 
 of $70,000 and proceeded to negotiate for a water supply. The directors wished 
 to secure water from a tunnel just north of Claremont College, which was owned 
 by Fleming and Becket of Pomona. L. Friel of Los Angeles was employed as 
 
 engineer and he made a survey and prepared plans for the system. The tunnel 
 
 
 
 which it was proposed to purchase was at that time yielding a flow of 100 miners' 
 inches and is now running 30 inches. 
 
 At this point, however, opposition arose. Whitcomb had secured the 
 
 .,- ; c he? ' fS 
 
 election of his son, Carroll S. Whitcomb, as a director, and seemed to wish to 
 dictate to the board of directors the policy which they should pursue in 
 
 ' .- - fc - - . ';.~ .**,*/. 
 
 developing water, he proposed the construction of a dam in I>alton Canyon but 
 the directors rejected this plan on account of the excessive steepness of the 
 
 canyon and the porous nature of the soil and rock at the reservoir site . They 
 
 ov.vr~ ''fell: 01 ala u's ~*. IF 
 
 thought that the steepness would make the construction of a dam too expensive 
 and the the porous character of the formation would cause an excessive loss of 
 
 '-s.' - AC ' 
 
 water by percolation. This action of the board of directors seems to have 
 turned \Yhitcomb against the district for when the directors met with him in Los 
 Angeles to exchange bonds for the property of the Glendora ftater Company, he 
 demanded that each director become personally liable for the amount of the bonds 
 so transferred. This they indignantly refused to do. Whitcomb then brought suit 
 to have the bond issue declared illegal and appealed to the Supreme Court from 
 an adverse decision of the Los Angeles County Superior Court. In the Supreme 
 Court the bond issue was held invalid on the ground that the district had at 
 the time of voting the bond issue no definite plan for securing water. 
 
 After the adverse decision of the Supreme Court the plan of proceeding 
 under the Wright law was given up and the district became inactive. io bonds 
 had been issued and the obligations had been settled by assessment so that no 
 indebtedness is or has been outstanding against the district. It is still 
 legally existent although not active. 
 
v aioj- oa-j.i> sriT . \Iqqi. ; a nej-f-* JB lot iJ.io^eti oi- bsb^ssoiq bfm 000, OV| 
 benwo a>:w fioiii* , a^ello'J JnoineijElO lc ri^ion . r ei;i 
 
 8 fae-^olqais aew aoiesnA sod to IsiTi .J . wtomc^ lc J-saosS boe i 
 Lvanut aril .in&JaTje <"tf **cl era,Ir bsteqe'tq bae xe>rtiJ8 / scan? sii fans 
 xsi 001 1o well js ynibleiY eo;x; wrur IB a^w &e6do*iirq o^ beaoqoiq a*w J-i rioinw 
 
 . aeaoru 08 ^ninnvrj -.vert si bae serioni 
 
 r.ejw oJ' baesees bn^ ^o^ostic a/* .cfmot-HriW .3 IIOTU39 4 no<2 ein lo ncitfoals 
 
 iti tl8^uq Lluorie veaj iioJcriw ^oiioq ariJ e-io Jo orus lo blBO'J ariJ- 
 'cf ncx-^BO nolieu ni iiuib j& to noiJowx^sooo eft4" basoqonq iri . *iej-w 
 
 lo esanqesgB fevieeosxe saj' lo crnucoofl no aelq ai^J" bdJoaia': siojoeiio 
 . oJla licviasoT &A^ Jf Jisoi Las S.S.QZ sai lo BIUJBX ai/oioq edt bnu 
 
 oo^ r.asb ^ lo nciloi.'i: aoo s.'U ajLera blifov.' seenqeeJ's ari^ fecit 
 *o aaol svieaeoxs nf. &aisas falcow noid-Binno'l ^di- lo taJoBTRrio auo'ioq eril eriJ- bos 
 
 eva oj eeib&s elod-csiiia lo bisod brfj lo noilai? siaT .noilfilooTeq Y C 
 aoJ nj rniri ftd-iw ^orc moJosiio ea^ :iei* 10! ^oiij^ib *i^ iat'.iR^B a'cood-iii'.V 
 eri , ^*qmoO nsJfiW *iobnelD erij- lo \J"ieqonq 9tii io\ 8bccf 93i:iiox 
 lo ^nuoms adt tol elo'^11 xXInoBiq eorooscf iofo$~tib iiOB9 ^ 
 
 o:i^ cfcco^iii^ . ob o^ besulen ^IdrijBnsitfii \ertJ siriT . bafieleafi'jj' OB 
 moil J"7i^o0 wnsiqwd erij oj- belesqqjs bnfl iB^ftlli beuslceb srpei bnctf er.j evsri oJ 
 areiqoS erij 1 al .^nuo'J lox-iacita xi'nt-oO eele^ixf. eoj eri^ lo noieioeb 08*xevbB OB 
 t beii Jo-ci-relo aj ^Biij bnyoxxj erij- nc bilevni bl&n a*w erasi bncd Gilt 
 
 / 
 
 .idJ^w ^niitioea iol ruslq silnileb en et'sci faded sriJ- ^i^ov lo enuj 
 
 lo nlq sxi^ JiiroO eraenqt'S add- lo ncieioeb eeievb* snj nejl/v 
 ; o*i .eviJ'cflni amfoecf Jazilsjib srii" bn qjj n&vjc 3 anw wl Jri^jciiiV rU 1 tsbntr 
 or. OB irtaniseoeaa \ti bel^lee nsecf b/iri anoij/'^xlcfo sdi bne bet/sal neeo 
 
 ori^ 
 
(3) 
 
 After the district discontinued activity a. mutual water company 
 known as the Glendora Mutual Water Company was organized (for the people would 
 have nothing to do with l^hitcomb's company) and wells were sunk in the San Bimas 
 wash on the San Jose Rancho and a splendid water supply obtained. The company 
 headed by Yihitcomb has changed its name to the Glendora Irrigation Company and 
 is also supplying some land within the district. \Vith irrigation thus secured 
 the land holdings have become even smaller in unit size tnan at the time of 
 the district organization, and now average about 20 acres. Oranges and lemons 
 are raised, about 25CO acres being irrigated within the district. Unplanted 
 land is worth about $500 per acre , whilo land in bearing groves is worth from 
 $1,COO to 42,000 per acre and some of it is held as high as 4.3,000 per acre. 
 The section is one of the most prosperous in southern California and it is 
 thought by those familiar with its development that a like result would have 
 been obtained under the Y/right Act district if it had not been for the opposition 
 of Vhitcomc . 
 
.-j 18J-.EW Imtfus: /< x 
 bl arid- iol) bosin-c^to 
 
 suJ- nJc arura eiew alle.v 
 enT . oonicw GO \Iqt>'t! 
 
 ijftJBqKtoO l 
 
 bitonslqe 
 
 O edJ e*> 
 
 ivff fill// ob oJ- ;jflid^on evaci 
 r u? OUOK*J/; ^sol rusS siij no rfs 
 
 bn* 
 
 oj 
 
 Ho eoixd' 
 
 f& nsnit ssie Jinu nl 
 .SOIOB OS 
 
 eraoe ^fli^cquB OB!P 3i 
 nyve amcosa evsa 8:.iblori brtel 
 yon bros , 
 
 tpoil 'rf^-iow as. Sdve'i^ ^itiiji&d ni i.-iel olxhur ,noB neq 002 1 ^UOOJE "ri^io* ax 
 
 . d'iO T&t. 000, $ 8 .i^iii a* bleri si ^i Ic earoa jrt eice iaq 000, S oJ- 000,1$ 
 
 si j~i but- i-imolxXs'^ nii-tiduoe ru BifC'seqtjoit; J'son: Stia Ic snc ai ftoi^oae sriT 
 
 8V., - ./ J-Iuas'i ealxl fi.itf J'neiiiqolsvau sJ-j; ii^isr ifdLinj'l eeoriJ ^cf j-rfgyori* 
 
 xsoqqro t>rl^ nol nesc i-Ois bsfi Ji li j-oi'uaib ^oA Jri^xiV: aiij lebnu bonx^j'^o iieocf 
 
 lo 
 
GRAPELAND IRRIGATION DISTRICT. 
 San Bernardino County - Organized August 4, 1890 - Area 10,600 acres. 
 
 :>. Cli a^,u, o. 
 
 The promoters of the Grapeland Irrigation District were the owners of 
 land within the district. The land was held in tracts of from 40 to 160 acres, 
 having been acquired by direct patent from the government or, in the case of 
 odd sectione, from the Southern Pacific R. R. Co., and the amount not yet 
 patented at the time of the organization of the district was 1360 acres. The 
 largest tract in single ownership was one of 1520 acres held by D. G. Scofield. 
 Mr. Scofield, while not among those most active in promoting the district, was 
 in favor of the move and announced hie intention of subdividing his tract after 
 the formation of the district. 
 
 The opposition to the district wc^a on the part of the Semi Tropic 
 trict according!;' H : ** & -* f , = .;.;* ... . ?<v *, ..<. - 
 Land and 'ater Company which was at that time organizing the Citrus Belt Irri- 
 
 gation District and which proposed to take water from the same source as that 
 
 v" . .V : 
 
 proposed for the Crapeland district, namely Lytle Creek. All the landowners 
 within the Grapeland district were in favor of the district and the Semi Tropic 
 Company procured a certain J. F. Harmon who occupied 160 acres of unpatented 
 government land within the district and who was employed by the company as a 
 zanjero, to tring suit against the district, harmon fought the organization of 
 
 " y '. 
 
 the district and the confirmation of the bonds, but was defeated in each case. 
 The land within the district wae worth about 415 per acre without 
 
 mater. Immediately after the organization of the district the price rose to 
 
 ... . *.-. i- *f 
 about 75 per acre w^ich was evidently a fair price with water available. A few 
 
 , peaches and apricots had been raised within the district but the amount 
 of land irrigated was very small. 
 
 The petition for the organization of the district was presented to the 
 Supervisors on June 2, 1890 j the election on organization was held July 24, 1890 
 
OOQ t OI 
 
 *~. 
 
 - 0(?6X , * 
 
 lo e'^amrc u.j eiew JoiTidsia nox*; sx-nl bn*Iqi?iC edd- Ic artojoeoiq 
 ee*Joe 061 of G moil lo aJof.tj- flx bla1 SAW b*I arfT . Jc.t'id'sxk vdt 
 
 to e^ao t>iifr ax ,10 wfiecirievoa sn^ mcil Jnsjr:c j"36ij:o Y^ i>fciii/po noe-cf gnivrrf 
 
 3-&\- JOK i-nwonx 911* bffi ,.(D .3 .H ol'tlofS fti&rtJ'L.oS artJ- roTl . 
 eriT .^i-iojB Odtl aE* r d-oiitfeiD sriJ to noidx single? ;i a^ ^o amiJ- aitj- 
 
 .i> .0 vi blea sssioje OScI lo snc &w qii J 5ierr*o sl^iiit: rsl . 
 
 t *8i-it) d* sAijonoiq ni fevxjos J-aow eaotU ^norrsE fon sliriii? ,bleiloo8 . iM 
 i&ila JOAIJ siri rjnioivibcfi.'e io noi^n^Kl gi.'. taonuor-ftr. bite evom sri* lo novsl: ni 
 
 . Jc-iiraift &A3 to ncl^rcicl and 1 
 aul lo J*iq enj- no stw ^oii^sxt) ant off ncttivoqciQ ariT 
 
 *. BBW risxiiw xoeqtoo^ TSj-jsW bnjB fanej 
 beeoqonc i-ioiuw bn Joi^*siQ 001^*3 
 jO ali^J ^JooiBfi ,^oliJsj;i) tofwIeqaiG &4- -o'i bseoqoiq 
 ian* JoJiusib eritf lo TOV/-! i e-iew jcxusib baeXeqiTO ei 
 adTO 061 beiquooo orfw noanB.i .IT .1 nx/3i-Teo Jostuocnq 
 
 JleH 
 
 oxqoiT 
 
 JB tJE vutqmco siU x d iie'cclcme 8w criv/ 
 noiJtsiaa^io end JT^JJO! flotnja 
 8n.K3 rio9 ni bsJ-^slsb oev,' J'cd ,ai>flod eiif lo 
 
 juoriiiw eiofi Teq 21^ j-ifodfi fiJ-icw aew 
 od- SSCT ^^j.^q and- d'oii.J's.tfc snj lo 
 A .eldflli*v T^J^W ri^xw soiiq 
 
 b arid- nxrii-Jw iw.Pl 
 
 ilnco edt boe 
 9 ill ftxriliw bruel edT 
 siid- i&ils Ylsd-/<ibe.TTn:I 
 rfoxaw 
 
 orij iud J-jiidoxb Siid- nxrilxw beEXT need o^il a^ooxiqi bnB aari 
 
 lo 
 
 oj fao^neaeiq a^w d^oix'-elb arid 1 lo noi^jsxn*aio x^ 10! 
 
 o noiJ-. ; I ,S ani-'t no 
 
and a vote of 31 to was cast in favor of organization, and on August 4, 1890 
 the district was declared organized. The entire area of 10,600 acres included 
 in the district represented irrigable land which when cleared of brush and boulders 
 was exceedingly well suited to profitable agriculture . 
 
 The directors at once began to look for a water supply and were assisted 
 by J. B. Pope, F. C. i' inkle , and James I. Schuyler, as engineers. Pope examined 
 
 * / ***P " !* 
 
 sites for reservoirs in Parish Canyon and at Sycamore Flat but found them unsatis- 
 factory . They were, however, deemed a sufficient basis for an estimate of the 
 bond issue and it was fixed at 4200,000. 
 
 The directors then entered into negotiations with A. 5. Hotchkiss and 
 W. G. Daniel, who claimed to own water rights on Lytle Creak, and agreed to 
 purchase from them 3,000 inches of water at 0150 per miners' inch (payable in 
 bones), hotchkiss and Daniels were only able to develop 20 incnes and the dis- 
 trict accordingly transferred to them $3,000 in conds in exchange for a deed to 
 u.is water. Hotchkiss and Daniels were to go ahead and develop more water, but 
 they claimed that they lacked the capital necessary and offered to sell their 
 rights to the district so that it might develop the water. A report on storage 
 rscervoirs on Lytle Creek was secured from J. D. Schuyler and a report on a 
 tunnel which should be driven under Lytlo Creek from the poini known as the 
 "lower narrows" was secured from F. C. i inxle . Inis latter plan was considered 
 the most feasible on account of its lower cost (estimated at $134,900). The 
 
 %* -XI* v | < 9 
 
 rights of hotchkics and Daniels were purchased for an additional ^25,000 in 
 bonds, making a total of $23,000 in bonds u*ansf erred to them in exchange for 
 water rights. The works undertaken under the proposed plan were 2850 feet of 
 tunnel, 8900 feet of main canal, and 65 'idles of lateral ditches. 
 
 As before stated, Jas . F. Karmon, acting for the Semi Tropic Land and 
 Water Company .contested the organization of the district on the ground tnat a 
 district could not be organized so as to include unpatented government land 
 and that no bonds could be issued in a district including such land within its 
 
08i , 
 
 nc. oru. .noxtesxriB.i'ic 'to -TOVJ-/I ni 
 
 OOd,Jl lo ^sijj sixJ-fls gill . 
 c 'io bftfcslo netiv .ioiu.v brus! 
 
 bite 
 
 . a'li. jli'-OJI^Ji Ol'jfiw X'ioli.; OJ itv 
 
 a - i3V cni: \Irrus TygVw TOI xool CJ rtsge:; sonc CTJS ;**;o;st.*iib aaT 
 
 qo 1 ! . i2'iei.nj.^nfa at ,13 1^:08 .u. sat nl ooc , alxtu i . Li . i . sqo 4 ! .2 . 
 Kent 
 'to 
 
 e/w cJ 16 lo eJ~ov /; DOB 
 be*u Ic B.SW ^oxi-tsxh eril 
 ba;t'a&8b'ic<in JoiiJaiii oriJ p ni 
 
 8JSW 
 
 1 ^c 
 
 ii iol aia; ' Jr. Qx 
 
 2 .A noi-.v anci- 
 
 -, >Je-jlC CilJv.l no -w 
 
 iO u8i'i;.H r.i a'licvTeneT icl 
 a > beme&j , itavo.'ca ^"'vw YQ''" 
 .000,0 J>4 ^ boxil a> w Si bat 
 Jai bei&Jrfs ftsrlJ- 3-iCiJ-ot'rib sitT 
 i 'je^jrw nwc r.j jun:ii;.fw oi--' , Isi;u;>- . 
 -isi'^ar lo cario^j. OJ..',t. oisi^i- KioT'i 
 
 / . 
 
 ni ol^i^c.) rioni 'BifenJ:: 1 ., toq Ocl, 
 
 o-ort . 
 
 oj u95 . ^o: e^aeasxa ni e^nc: ni OOO.S-J mead- cj L-^.tolm-nfit \I^aioioo^e 
 ,*i9j* aior:. qolevab fanB a#.tu-i 05. jj e'.bW alt-iofl .si^.ioj-cH ,ieJ-w 
 
 nc 
 
 a^j eolevoL 3-a 
 
 oa 
 
 no 
 
 U SB nwonji jnioq 
 (?."f rtsic 'ss 
 eaT ,OOP,^cl$ 3s 
 
 ^ol 
 lo 
 
 uo 
 
 J olJ-\J iBjjnjj neviib 3d bluoiis lioiuw 
 ial .ol,-n^i .0 .i mcVi ue-ii/oaa 3/ ; * "awoiaen lewcl" 
 J r 2&} osco i.vcl sJi lo jn; coo rtc olrfiais* jeon: 
 
 , fie iol b&afido'it.T; STSW e.Csinf^ bn* icxjirinJ-oii lo 
 
 bbiislsius-u nbnod'nx 000,821; lo Ir-i'oj- * 
 G8$; eife-v oelc oasoqoiq snj i&oai, iisjuBJ-nebnjL; 83iic>-' &uT . 
 
 . sario-r xc lisnoi-fil lo eeLui' cS brte ,lBftC rtx^r lo .Joel 0068 
 bite cnJ oxqoiT iaie-3 onj- icl ^nxJ-o .nonrtBH .{ . asl ,bsjje enol&cf aA 
 
 . - . 
 
 J'/ih^ bni/oTg atii" no Joxveib eaj io noi^sa.aeg'so aui 1 be-aai'aco, \4KjcoO lalfif 
 
 o 
 
 ton b> 
 
 " -' ' r, ; r . i + ri 
 
(3) 
 
 territory. The formation of the district was upheld as to these points. At 
 the proceedings for confirmation of the organization and bond issue, Harmon 
 again contested the validity of the district but here again the district was 
 upheld in every particular. The district, therefore, was found to be legally 
 organized in every respect and its bond issue was legal if issued for a proper 
 consideration. Like other districts, the Grapeland District had difficulty in 
 celling its bonds for cash, one |1GO bond being the only sale for chas, and the 
 bonds were exchanged for the construction of the tunnel, for labor and ziaterial, 
 and even for groceries to be used by thoee eniployed on construction work. 
 $102,000 in bonds were issued in this way, .-naking the total issue 130,000. In 
 a suit brought in 1898 and decided January 28, 1899, Judge Lucien Shaw, of the 
 Superior Court of San Bernardino County, held that the bonds were invalid because 
 of their having been issued in excnange for work and other considerations not 
 permissible under the law. In the early part of 1911 a new suit was brought by 
 A. ''. Ham, holder of about 3,000 in bonds of the district, to recover payment 
 on the ground that he was an innocent purchaser for value of such bonus . It 
 is understood that this case has not yet (1911) been decided. 
 
 The district completed about one-naif mile of tunnel wnich yielded 
 about 250 miners' incnes of water at first but afterwards diminished to at out 
 one- tenth of that ainount, and about 12 or 15 miles of dirt ditches. In toe 
 case of Lytle Creek Water and Improvement Co., v. Grapeland Irrigation DiB^^ict, 
 et al , it was decided that there was a prior appropriation of the water of 
 Lytle ^reek to the extent of 2793 miners' inches and that the district could 
 take nothing until that right was satisfied. The further development of the 
 tunnel was later enjoined on the ground that it was interfering with the water 
 rights of the Lytle Creek Water Company. This left the district without a 
 water supply and made the money expended in the construction of the tunnel a 
 
.- 
 
 eriT . x 
 ,oi.'8Bi bnccf bos nox.;*sx;- .J- 'to eioliaeriJtlttvo tcl a^nxboecoic 
 
 . aftt lo 
 
 .[ so oj baccl ap.w , eiolenextf , i-oii-Taxii aiiT . OBl^oi jnjsq \i8ve ru bl&riqu 
 10 1 D6L-B8J 'tjfc I%I fw 8i.'88i bflod eJ^i sn ^oecrsei \-^sva nJt 
 '- OruBj60fixi 
 
 ii&d > bar -XOO'JBX lo't , Ienjji- QiiJ- to noijoinjenoo *itt nol be^rs^ifoxe aiev ebwod 
 
 .^TOW iioxifairnd'BficD ao be\olqx:: eaoiii- \rf oeet &cf 4$ seirt&oonv iol neve 
 nl .000,0I$ eueei JUJ-oJ- aitf jnxir , xw eiiit i faeusei >0, 
 
 to ,WBfta rtsiotrj j 3 btfL , P98I 4 6S x^***"*^- betioab tiae 6^61 ni trigwnd Jita B 
 
 ton aacij-jEiieblaaco tariJo brxfi iiow iol egnjsilcxu ax becaei need gnivjsri rtlerii lo 
 afiir i-iue wen B IISI lo j-ifc x-C" 1 * ef ^" "i .*! etuf lobni; ela'ieaimec; 
 IOVOOST ot ,^&iij-Eii) arij- la abftod ni 000, 8| *wocf* lo leblori ,mfiH .M .A 
 . B&ncd fioi/.^ Ic auLt-v ao'i 'laaexionuq tfteoonni r saw eii tfifir fantroto erii KG 
 .faebioek nec; (1161) *e\ i-en er-rf ersflt) iii. f tisri^ booJ^iebnu ei 
 -'i iioxii JannuJ 1 lo elxrc lla.i-8o Jyod* befeL moo loxi^sib 
 oj beiiainiffiib sbijsvsri6J''t/' JUG' j-eitil j-fi Ta3/?w lo aenoni 
 
 -ixc lo aelxai 61 i SI *uoJ* bfl .Jm/onys ^rij- lo 
 brtjeleqsnO .v ,.oO d-Keaieveif^flil btt lateVi ioetD eltifj lo eajso 
 lo isj-^sw &ri* lo noi^xiqonqq noiiq ^ asw ertdri* tarij bdbiosb aew ^1 , la Je 
 
 t^sib a^ j-jsrid- bn aaiioni 'snenim ^VS lo Jnejxe srij 3 
 eriJ lo J-namqoieveb leriliul artT . beilBUjse 3 ^rigi 1 "! J-sdJ- Iltnu gnxrWon 
 is j iidiv -.sj-nl aw tx jiU bfli/oi^ '<ru ao ucsniotne TsJ-rl ew lenrurf 
 
 * . ;J BfiJ- 10 
 
 a i lo nci^oi.'nj ,* ebae bn* ylqqt/a 
 
complete loss. The district was thus iorced to discontinue its activity. 
 
 The failure of the district wae a serious blow to the prosperity of 
 the little community. Nearly everyone moved away and the land there now is 
 for the most part uncultivated. Although the district is not active, litigation 
 has continued and upon the outcome of the litigation depends to a large extent 
 the future status of the district. If the bonds are declared illegally issued 
 and invalid, the district will probably be dissolved, while if the courts 
 uphold the validity of the debt the landowners will probably try to effect some 
 
 kind of a settlement, 
 fcivea for B^. *,-<*. I ^,>.i9. 
 
 for u. 
 
 it 0uid > arj ; 
 for^rAsir^. rra 
 
 
 
 {-" 
 
ell oijniJ-nooBii! ct 5,0010! ouiii BJSW j-oiTj-ezc eriT . <3eol *Iqmoo 
 Io ^i-.eqsoic art- ci vyold atoliee s**- Joiueib arlJ' 'io s 
 si won STtii'Lf brml aaj ijfte YP'*^ Oiivoa; eno^ieva \L~u b" 
 
 il .evii-yj) ^or: ei d'oi'.^aiu artf ri3UOflJ-IA .faajj-viJlt&itu Jic J"80in 
 
 03 sbnaqsa oi^jidil siii- io arnopjuo aa^ acqj, orus 
 
 i \ILsg6lIJ: ben^Iotifc s*u: -j^nod dri? II .woitjsib sii^ Io auJMSa enuful atii 
 alftrco afiJ li eliriw .isvlcuaio ad \ldr-doiq llxw jt^^exfc eoi 1 .bilevnj: bofc 
 etnoe Posits oJ ^- 'yidzdoiQ iiiw s'ldft'-vobitBl jud" J-cfsl) sxlj- Ic x j -^oilrv erLJ 
 
 iL' alines e Io 
 
JAMCHA IRRIGATION DISTRICT. 
 San Diego County - Organized November 2, 1891 - Area 22,000 acres. 
 
 The Jamacha Irrigation district was planned with the object of 
 bringing a large body of very valuable land under irrigation. The movement 
 was at first opposed by the large landowners, but they later joined in pro- 
 moting the district. It is said that many of the promoters were owners of 
 the b an Miguel Water Company which owned the water rights acquired by the 
 district and that they were interested in securing the bonds which were to be 
 given for such water rights. 
 
 The land in the district was for the most part held in large tracts, 
 
 '- j * ' "> 
 
 the largest of which was about 3,100 acres, and was held at about 50 per acre. 
 The west boundary of the district is within two and a half miles of tne business 
 center of San Diego and for this reason the price at which the land was held 
 was somewhat above what it could by dry farming pay interest on. without water 
 it was of value chiefly for grazing. Practically no irrigation was being prac- 
 ticed at that time. On the very small area which had water citrus fruits and 
 wheat were raised . 
 
 The district .as first proposed under the name of tne Spring Valley 
 Irrigation District, but was formally organized as the Jamacha Irrigation Dis- 
 trict. The petition for organization was granted September 11, 1891 and the 
 
 ? 
 
 district was declared organized on November 2, 891 . The first board of 
 directors was composed of i. C. Vadsworth, R. L. Eoaz , \,sn. Fisher, W. . L!ont- 
 
 1 4A.# 
 
 gomery, and R. L. Conklin. 
 
 ^* |J * S^w *.* * ~ ' i * C* iiJ - - * t *w V ^JP ( 4.<r 
 
 The territory covered by the district had an area of 22,000 acres of 
 wnich over 15, COO acres were susceptible of irrigation from the proposed source 
 
 e r 
 
 of supply. Tne land was well suited to the production of citrus fruits. 
 
 The proposed source of water supply vas Cottonwood Creek, a tributary 
 
.89*10* OOCUS 8'iA - IS8I , u lacfjcavoii :i 
 
 le J-oeidc eftf rtj-iw jsnaelc: cusw JoJtiJsxb ncivB&iviI (!pBffu.l &iT 
 erlT . nci^jB^XTii lepno boal alcjtwLsv \iev 'to \bo<f tta'^i * 
 -oiq x teaict ittf&L ^9dt Jud .eiewwcifaBl as'Uii e.ir xc' fcseoqeo JsiJtl JJE a**' 
 lo sieiwo i&w aiaiomoic eaj lo ^iteoi 3~BtU bltse BO: JI .Joi't-^ic eal jj 
 
 eiiJ \cf otJiiiJpoB c-i'iijji 'i-itBw sjfiJ oanwo rioiiiw ^usqasoD i*tjx>j Isi/^l 
 ol diaw noiiiw aonoci shJ" ^niiuoee ax fae^aeno^nl o'tew vanj j*tf bn 
 
 . aJ-ri^ii TSJ-^'# nok'B TO! 
 
 gi^I fi olea J"ic Jaotii &ilj TO! atw J~5iiJ8io tidl nx dual eaT 
 02^ Jisodf. ts blii sew bj? , asis* CX)Xt juotff arw noiaw lo Jae-jifil eri. f 
 j lo 3eix<T llf-ii JB fanB ow,t nxrii'iw si ^oxil^iu saj- lo \"if-imi.'oa' i-?ew exiT 
 cleri BBW bftel oaj- .loxriw t eoxic 8iU r\089T exiiJ' TO! uae o^aiG n^2 1c 
 
 nx9o r ae# aolJE%iiil on xlLeoi^cBiT .gnisfii^ 10! x-^ 9 -*" 3 awlfiv lo G^W 
 brae aJxini airiJio Maxew bail rioxriw Bate IJjama xiev arfj- nO .anxi j^iij 
 
 . beexsi t)*iew i'jee.T* 
 
 ^IxJBV a^xtqa en^ lo otr^sn shj- Tobnw b6eoqo^ JsTil a--v Jsi-ijgib ahT 
 -aid noxtosiiil firioBirjsL edJ" SB besin/igio YllBimol BBW J'iJd .J'oiiw'exa noxte^xiil 
 .: I?t?I ,11 "isdmsJqs^ bejnDi^ aew tiox^sxru-^io TO! nox. f i^sc erlT . IsiiJ 1 
 lo iitfiocf J"9*xx1t sriT . lC8f , J lecfmevoM o bosxrtc^io beiloeb BBW ^oiii'eib 
 oiJ .> .>'/ ,7eri8x'4 .miY , ssod .J .h ,riJaowabfl^ .0 ,'i lo beaocmoo QKV eioaoeixb 
 
 .DXl^ifTOO , J .H bilB , X'JS^'Od 
 
 lo asioa OOC,iiS io fla'i HJB bed Jox^exb eriJ 1 \d fceisvoo vic^i-riei eriT 
 aoiuos beaoqoic; siur moil nox^x*iix lo aldx^cecaL's STSW SSTOJB 000,21 ievo rioirlw 
 . a^xuil eL'i^io to ncxJ'Oiiboiq 3^ cu ba^iua Hew e/w bnfl suT 
 
 / lo sonuoe bssocoiq 
 
(2) 
 
 of the Tia Juana River, and the district purchased what is known as the 
 Barrett dam site on this creek. The water supply was to be obtained by a 
 storage reservoir at the proposed site, and would have been abundant as the 
 district acquired by purchase water rights representing an abundance of water. 
 2. :'. Capps, Engineer for the district, made estimates for the dani as follows: 
 ICO foot dam, capacity 5,220 acre feet, would cost, $175,000 
 
 125 foot darn, capacity 21,000 acre feet, would cost, 250,000 
 
 200 foot dam, capacity 90,000 acre feet, would cost, 900,000. 
 
 The work done, however, was only enough to hold the water rights secured by 
 purchase, and cost only about $5,000. 
 
 On January 30, 1892 the district voted to issue bonds to the amount 
 of 700,000 and the issue was approved by the court on February 26, 1892. 
 Bonds to the extent of $111,000 were issued, of which 1105,000 went to the 
 San ;..iguel Water Company for water rights on Cottonwood Creek and for the 
 Barrett dam site, and $6,000 were sold to Wallace Uongomery and Geo . Nelson 
 Barrett, It is claimed that the price paid by the district for the water rights 
 and dam site was too high, and it is also claimed that the bonds purchased by 
 Montgomery and Barrett were paid for by warrants which had been issued by the 
 district and acquired by Montgomery and Barrett. It is charged that the owners 
 of the San V.iguel Water Company were among those who promoted the district and 
 that their object wae to get the bonds in payment for their property and then 
 to further the interests of the district in order to make the bonds saleable, 
 and that some of tneir bonds were sold for 5C cents on the dollar almost 
 immediately after their transfer. }.;r . Capps, who was Chief Engineer for the 
 district, says that he received bonds in payment for his services and that he 
 afterwards sold them for sixteen cents on the dollar. The law, therefore, was 
 not strictly observed throughout, although in general it seems to have been 
 followed. 
 
BJB nvonji ex .teaw bosjsus-UKT .-(&viH janm/l azT eriJ- lo 
 
 c ed cd- 8.8W X-t { j^ tfe i&tew eiiT . ieaio sirtf HO ed-ia raab ^ 
 
 j ae d'iu'bttjjctei ned avjeri jjluow JJK t s^xa baaoco^ octt ft: xiovieaen 
 
 lo sonrisnudB rt ^niJnaaaireT e-il^ii 'lOj^w 6Bxioiwq \cf beiiupoa 
 :3wcilcl a* <r^b aiit iol. aaJjemi^ae obr-m , J-ci'xjpib axii TO! lesniani .eqc^O .!.' .S 
 
 ,i"BOO blyo^r .J-sol e*:ojB OSJi,fi \tis>CB3 ,ny*fc tool OOX 
 000.02S ,J-BOO bl^o* .J^ael SIOB OCX3,XS x^ioacfjsy ,.r^b ?oot 521 
 
 .000,008 .Jcjco bl.'ow ,^eel 3'icB 000, \i~ioiqAo ,*: joot DOS 
 
 ^c/ beifoae eJri^JT isj-i-,; 3f{J- slca oJ ri^jjone \:Xo BBW ,ievwori ,oncfa liicar erlT 
 
 .000,cj J-uods \Jo i-BOo bn* , 98/<r(onuq 
 Jnt'OniB siit ct eonod auftsi od- -j&;fev j-oiii-sib erii- 981 ,0 -^iBunp^ nO 
 
 . YOBi-'iJel no d"w;oo suj ^cf bevolqq* BJBW auat5i ari^ b OOO.OOVj lo 
 >;ew 000,201$ iisio*- 'to ,be^38i eiaw 000,111$ lo ^ne^xs adj 1 cJ abnofi 
 
 .: ^6810 boowacJ-i-oD no ?Ji(;,l*r Tsijsw icl \naqraoO !* Ist 
 noali,;: .osO bfto x^aaiognoA. oajelle?; od- bios eiew 000,8$ bne. , ed-la oust 
 9tij iol J'sJiJsxb ertf \cf bjtjsq aoitq arij' fxttt b-jKiJsIo si i 1 ! . 
 \: -jive ^fanod add" JpiiJ- oaralBlo celt* ei t biis .li^ia oo^ e/?w eJ'ia meb fane 
 
 ^ bai/BRX neea oert .^ioihw s^ni;Tu;.v \d lolt bleq ens* Jj'eiiBd bfta 
 dr.. bega^ria si ^1 . Jj-eiiBa one \^i9/nt^tno\f \cf beiiupoa bna mi 
 
 ^ iloraoic: Oiiw 6sorij- 3noni ei o3 iWMiW lauiji:*'. n8 eilf lo 
 
 nf- oi> ixadj' id J-nam^q ni abnoc t oi' 8*w Joetdo ilaitt 
 
 ,ol . sfii e.istn od* isbio rtx Joiiielb efiJ- lo aia&ned-njt eril leriJi 
 
 : -/ aril no sj-neo 02 rto'i olcs 9- "riaiiJ lo 8EC3 Jfirii 
 
 acid: lo'i leenianii loxriC oew oriw , eqqjsO .nil . -id" iJtertt 
 
 erf .: ; j'/nar? eiii rtol d-ntin:\Bc n, svisosi exi i'srid" 
 
 . ,STol . .ia *rcl merij- bloe 
 
 be 
 
 .bewollol 
 
(3) 
 
 It was the intention of the district to sell a sufficient amount of 
 bonds to construct the works of tne district, and negotiations were entered into 
 for the sale of the bonds in Edinburgh, Scotland. The sale seemed about to go 
 through when the inquiry of a San Francisco bank was received by a San Diego 
 bank and the district was reported on adversely. This prevented the sale from 
 going through and the district was prevented from continuing its construction 
 work. 
 
 The district was not involved in serious litigation. There were 
 several suits in regard to details of title to the property purchased by the 
 district, but these were of little importance. A suit brought by Carlos 
 Olivera et al , ?;as intended to discredit the bond issue and to get an injunction 
 against tax sales . Olivera charged that the San kiguel Water Company had not 
 fulfilled its agreement in not completely clearing up the title to its property 
 before transferring it to the district and that the purchase was unwise and 
 unjustifiable. An injunction against further sale of bonds or sale of land 
 for non-payment of taxes was asked for. No judgment was arrived at in the case. 
 
 About this time the financial depression of 1893 was coming on and 
 the district found it impossible to sell its bonds. The directors and land- 
 owners of the district became discouraged and felt that it would be better to 
 dispose of the property of the district. About 1900 the district finally 
 disposed of its holdings to the Southern California Mountain Water Company, ( 
 (a Spreckels concern) and received in return the cancellation of its entire 
 outstanding indebtedness, including warrants, bonds and interest. This indebted- 
 ness had been acquired by said company at various prices and it was all returned 
 to the district. 
 
 having thus disposed of all outstanding indebtedness, the district 
 took steps to disorganize and a decree dissolving the district was entered on 
 i.'ay 5, 1909 by Judge Lewis of the Superior Court of kan Diego County. 
 
liii-J-i-c _.c rr^e ^-.rwsri aoi to alicw ^ r -n^saoc cc 
 
 i q^.c- r.-j- tc 
 
 -i5 ac 
 _--.: j-5J^=.vs-:c esw 
 
 _i-^.c X.-TJCCIC r.^r o.* ~L*1; ic ellafeo c.* in ^ 3*1 .--i i-*i. 
 
 ^rtr ri- 2 ; .sca. r :n3rt2 si^.'il lo ens-/ o3*r_- *i'i . 
 '^z .T ;*} ci Lc^ ^i.?^.- oac. =.^_r ricsiaelj c.- asbriai-.t^ ^" , IP i? *-. 
 
 
 * o.- -Lril -if ri.- ..r.i-^scls vl&Jalcacc "C;-; r.i 
 . .- -7 i;/^:-n.c e^r :.- c.i^ jsitisic i^J .- 
 tc ales :-: siaod to sl3 i?-in: 
 l - 3*vi':is ae* Jasi^ct'r osi . 
 <.?8I lo nci 
 
 sal 
 ^ as alio Ji jiir JIsi s.-ris is^jc-uroosid SKEOU; j-^in^^i .0 e 
 
 &ru tc 
 
 c." \ ..i-I:.: e^i ic ea 
 
 lo ici;*iilos;j;c ttcJ aiuiti-i fit asvioOi^i bse (in scare sloisa 
 i ai.vj .jasTte^ni ace scat a ,ejn*'njB%- .ilatlsr - L &?* a'fcoai 311 i faft 
 
 neet' &BI-. 
 
 . >: ; iA.. -.* jon^ jjBicae^t^uo lls le >s?ocsxc 
 
 cc - i- ?*.j ^i.I'B2ii> ee^ioeo ^ iMt^ si*!j-ies.ib oi Boej* >. 
 
 -'- -- 3iC :c aivij & 4 w.- x<* ^O*- 1 i' 
 
After the die organization of the district the Sprecfcels completed 
 a portion of their water system and the pipe line froc the lover Otay cam to 
 the City of tan Diego crosses a portion of the lands which were within the 
 boundaries of the Jaaacha Irrigation District and sooe 3,000 acres of these 
 lands are now being irrigated with water taken froa this pipe line under con- 
 tracts with various water companies which have been formed for tne purpose of 
 distributing water over individual tracts. Land which has thus been irrigated 
 has increased in value since water was placed on it ten-fold or sore. A 
 
 of prosperous localities now exist within the area of toe original Jamacha 
 Irrigation District. 
 
 It is felt that the district was cot a failure although it was not 
 itself able to carry through the plan outlined. The district called the atten- 
 tion of capitalists to the value of the water supply and the development of toe 
 Bare has teen a great thing for an Diego. 
 
 The crops now raised on the irrigated portion are citrus fruits 
 principally and the land is worth about $700 per acre. On the portion whic.i is 
 not irrigated there has been little change. The irrigated portion is no* 
 divided into sroall tracts of an average size of about ten acres. 
 

 bt-Jelqatcs ajwfoeiqd Bitt Jox-sJaxc *fU lo ii 
 
 i=jwol sii* c.oi* t>nil eqxq eu^ on* jrsjaxs ivfe* ixsitt to noij^ioq 
 
 abnel a* lo ncid-ioq aseaoio oj,aiG n*^ lo 
 
 io sti^s 000, aoica bn ^oi^siu ncxj^ji-nl jjaaccasS, s:U :o esii 
 -nco 190JU: snil cxq el^ aoii na.s*j i&fsw Hiiv uewL^i^nx ^niad won $i 
 lo aeocnifc e^ tot bscnel nsso ev^ri uoiriw auirmqinos ieJa- ftiroiij 
 be^^iiii nesa &oot ae*i floiaw bos^i . -roaii Xauilvibni iavo isjr; 
 
 li. :.-!..: A .61031 10 ald-ilK JJ iiO bOOflCT 9.' W IfiSAtf QSCiJiS 3ULV HI Dfelt-U*: Oi'i: 8i- 
 
 io ! u.-u v n*iuxw J^ixe wo> sai^ii^aoi suci^qBciq lo 
 
 iit bsll^s Jsxi?ei:L eaT .bnil^uo (uelq -- . . . . 
 
 lc .-.;. clei/ J.T.J- i>a xlccte is-s# s^ Io tli-v saJ oi ejsilfci i^j:o Io . 
 
 . OgOlZ ae lot ^.niAt ^^T -B nss^ w.-l w 
 
 sjiinl 8L"^Ho ei acx^ioc O>JJ,XTIX ea^ no beslei won eqc-ic ariT 
 ex iisxitw aoxJ-oc 8u aO .sis* isq DOT; JL'OJ aJiow ex btvfil on LHB ^IIjBc;xonxiq 
 on ax noiiioq b*t-^i".'ij. snT . 3,-aeno el.}-, il rtasd aca . vj;ic oaj^gini i'oo 
 
 Io as^3 e^'iC'V* oe io ssoaiz Lirsrz o-nx bctxvib 
 
LECLA YI~A I?.-.: 
 
 V3r*^* *&. 
 
 San Diego County - Organized August 24, 1091 - Area 42,000 acres. 
 
 water. .'-.- s . c/-.u/I*r r*pi.".* a ta pr-??~**c vi* ns ;.--_.. -_-c it ?.:,>--w 
 
 The proaotion of the Linda Yista Irrigation Idstrict was of a very 
 ;x *a s j fccad f*t 
 
 questionable nature. Tc.e chief proootere wfM aen w/io held tie dam sites which 
 
 it was proposed to sell to tee district and in order to secure lie organization 
 they brought out asn who would vote for the district and placed t&ea sn land in 
 the district. Landowners who opposed the district were avoided by craving toe 
 
 boundaries of the district to exclude their land. The land of ts district had 
 
 *, .;-..; : b -L- '.f '. - , ' !"- '-*'* ' Cf \* V*.T . Nc"-.". r 2^i .- - - I r - ^- - 
 been selling at less taan 425 per acre and the proaoters cocrineed the f araef* 
 
 that it would sell for |100 after the organization of the district. Von over 
 
 ' -^ '. * r . .\t. r 
 
 by the hope of celling their lanes at a &rw*t adrance , the people npperted 
 
 the organization of the district aad J. A. Allison, who at that tine owned 
 2,000 acres of land in the district and was fighting the organization in the 
 courts, was not axle to get any sapper t for ais) opposition. 
 
 Toe district lay to the north of the City of &* Diego arc 3.0CC acres 
 
 - - 4 WJ ': " V % t l~ r.f.^4 T 
 
 within the district was owned by the City. Tbere were aanjr large holdings, the 
 
 largest being about 5,000 acres, aoc there were also sane nail tract*, the 
 smallest being a city lot. Lane* as earth froa tan to twenty dollars per acre, 
 or at least that was the price asked for it. Hr. C. S. Alverson pats its Talae 
 at froa 42.5C to |B per acre. Hay was the principsJ. product of the district. 
 
 - w ' : -M . -*? T &* > : .* : i-T t * *f 2 .-;.,- s . V 
 
 Vith water the land would have been very valuable as it Isy an a ssa well ahere 
 danger of frost and was especially well suited for the raising of citrus f raits. 
 
 There was no irrigation practiced in the district. 
 
 '- ; -~ Wir 
 The district west organized August 24, 1891 and iacladec a territory of 
 
 U 1C acres area, of which about 5, COG acres was town property and abewt 30.000 
 acres was susceptible of irrigation f rt the propesed sovrc* of water sapplj . 
 It was proposed to sesars watar f rtm wjhsdb is kawssi as the 
 
il ._..- _ 
 
 000, 
 
 yrrav s lo 3J3W Ici'jjsxu ntxJ.e^xTCiI jBiexV jsbnxd dj lo noiJacciq 
 
 8*iJ bis*; oaw a em tnew 8t&J~oiTiOiq tej.ii? ^..J . eijuji.n ol. j 
 
 ncxlps e^i 3'a'osB ctf isaio nx tioe ^ox^axc ao^ oJ Il^a ol beaoqonq apw 
 
 aJL brml ac raan^ oaojalc bos ^oxiJ-axfa oiiJ" lol stov blt'cw o.iw aac i'wo 
 
 yo bofcxcvii &iew JVXT^BXO oiiJ' beeoqqo oiiw aiarr*ooruEj .Jsx 
 aiij io b*iI 9uT . bel liexij sbi/Ioxe o^ J-^iii-Bxa ariJ' lo soin*faiiuoo 
 bsonivdoo e^&Jono^q 9iid- farus BTOJS isq 2Si na^ aeal *>? gnxllee need 
 To fioW .Joxideib 9/ij Ic nox^sioejjTO aiid" led 1 ^ 001? id lies bli?ow i^x fecit 
 beinotqus elqoaq ad^ .eooevius J#ai JB ^* apoel ixeii^ snillea lo eqoii era ^ 
 banwo amxJ- J-fiiij ^ oriw ,noexll/: .A . (. boe loxiJ-axb erU Ic nox^sxrus^io axi^ 
 ni iicxJi;;;xfu:^rto sad- anxJ-u^x^ a* ban i-oiiJ-Bxb a^ nx bael lo eeiOB 000,2 
 
 . noxJ-xacqqo sx. 1 , nol J-iocqt/8 ^ITUB ^63 oi side ton BBW , 
 000fi DOS o^axQ fie^i lo \tfxC; aii^ la n^ioii erii o^ \^1 J 
 tt , a .1 3a" IJ3 -t \ftenj sna*.- QTa;V. .\J-iO erfJ 1 \d benwc ac* ^o 
 
 aftt , ei'OK'u Jl^ina 3*noe CB!B 3ie- ^lafiJ- on , stTsu? 000,2 
 ,sitoj5 TSG a-isllop Y-^^wJ 0^ ne^ moil ittiow 3J?.v?oj .Jol \^io JB jjfixed 
 
 vq nofnevlA .3 .0 .iC . Jx -iot bs^ax 6oxnc eriJ- RBW J/scU fofjel J-p *iO 
 'to ^OLboaq Itsqionx-jq arij- a^w Y ^ . &io Tsq 8$ o* 06. A* moil ^43 
 evous liaw ^-,-u i nc vi tx ae sldKulev v."?&\ need &Vd bluow bxtel s.w le^w rii'x'.V 
 .BJXunl uiJio 'to sniax/!T 9iicf 10: bej-xue Ildw xllflxooqee afw tine, tscil lo 
 
 .J oxi^ 8X0 ttiij nx beoxwaeiq aciJfslTxx on ar 
 Ic Y rtc ^-'' x ' 18 ^ B beoiflonx boe IP8I , frS i'eusti^ besini-sio ww Joxii'Bxb eriT 
 
 J^UOdB &TUB \*T6qOiq flWC^ 3pW 3b*IO 00 '.', 6 ^ltCd iiSXfiw Ic ,J3STB aSdOB 
 
 lo V eoiu08 beeo^oiq eri^ moil noxJ.t^x'nx lo eltfxlqasaue B/?W eeio/r 
 
 . . , beeoqciq BW J-J 
 
(2) 
 
 site which is located at the confluence of the Santa Ysabel and Pamo Creeke. 
 
 There was an abundant supply of water available for storage and it was estimated 
 
 a 
 that dam 140 feet high would flood 476.5 acres and store 18,480 acre feet of 
 
 7' a ..coi v.fti * . 
 
 water. James D. Schuyler reported on the proposed plan and endorsed it highly. 
 
 It was estimated that a supply of 5,000 second feet could be thus obtained. The 
 district purchased the Pamo site for (160,000 in tonds and also purchased 12C 
 acres in the Santa Maria Valley for |5,000 in bonds. 
 
 The district never did any work on the proposed plan as it was not 
 
 . -.. t- . '. * : i:; 106 C&i. 169, U& 128 "aj. . 477. 
 
 able to sell bonds. 
 
 A bond issue of $1,000,000 was voted November 28, 1891. In addition 
 to the 165,000 exchanged for property as stated above, (11; 000 were sold for 
 
 i^ig i.*i *t . TftB i9j?'jiti OX* 3f '' .5 
 
 cash, bringing the district $10,000. The total amount of bondsissued, therefore, 
 
 was $176,000. Just what value was received for the bonds thus issued it is 
 
 \ . o' *.-/.; Sa Fift tch* ~ *t . 
 impossible to say with certainty. It is charged that the directors secured a 
 
 "rake-off" of 40,000 out of the 160,000 exchanged for the Pamo site, although 
 this can not be proved. It is significant that in recent settlement proceedings 
 
 Cor -..a .-at ion * f *<"*- t -' U- * *",- 
 
 the dam site was transferred to the Live Oak Corporation for $55,000 in bonds 
 
 of the district, and it would certainly seem that if v55,000 represents the 
 
 '-. to :,* s-Jw *.;.- . -..-it : cf. 
 
 value of the site now, it could hardly have been worth $160,000 twenty years 
 
 ago. 
 
 The district was in the hands of an incompetent and, it is said, 
 
 u-i '....:. v.s c'.'.t irict would .: ?r. to ditorzadiea . 
 dishonest board of directors, whether or not the charge of dishonesty is well 
 
 founded, that of- incompetence seems to be so and the affairs of the district 
 
 - .. . , 
 
 made no progress . The landowners v.ere anxious to go on with the plans but the 
 
 directors were dilatory. They did, however, make attempts to sell bonds and a 
 
 eala was about to be made to H. '*'. Putnam, who had purchased the bonds of the 
 
 -.nor c i->itl *iil carry >n tb* ylaa ',f a r - at ti.c -is-i **%e n-.c tt' 
 
 Zscondido district, when the decision of Judge Ross of the U. S. Circuit Court 
 
 declaring the Wright Act unconstitutional, was handed down. This decision 
 
 '-A- .< i ,. ., hcTsttv^f, *ti ii ; i lik*; / wr.i... ta.s csjt of 
 
 prevented the sale to Putnam and made it impossible to sell district bonds to 
 
.j. _-!. o:^;-. UOE ledsaY tictx'l o..i ic sonet'Ilnoo a.J" JM& 0a?00l ax 
 
 *tol olo.elijiv.fc- r ;;;-tew lo \lqqua -ftebKuJjs as 
 
 ic J-eal 9*ioa 08,61 feio^s bn* seiojs fi. dY# bocll blt'cw lis-iii Jel 0*1 ousb 
 
 . xlriaiii - oeaiobne one iwio beaoqoiq ocit no be^ioqaT isI^uAag .a samel 
 siil .bsnij?j-Jo euh- ec faliroo i'eal bncoba. (X)0,c lo \Ictque a J'Bii^ be^afti^Bs ew 
 Owl Dsatiisiuq osjjs DOB abno- fti 000,0dl| ^ol olxa ociflS stu beeiiiotuq J 
 
 .scnocf ni 000,2$ nol Y 6 - 1 -^*' *iiJ,f ^ff*2 erJ 1 ni 
 sew ri 3 oel^ baeoqcnq en'j no xiow Y 08 6it ifcven J-cirrj-eic ariT 
 
 . Bbnod Hoe oi 
 
 al . It81 ,SS lea'ce-vovi beJov ajr 000,000,1^ lo euaai baotf A 
 bloa sis* OOOjII* .svoda beJ-BJe a* ^aeqoiq 10 i bagoBaaxe 000,661) erij oj 
 a' lo ^aiioow Lifoj eriT .000,31$ ^oxijeib enj- ^ni^nxad ,r(aJ80 
 ex ri beii&ex a^.w aonod sdJ -:ol jsvi&u-ji saw V^IJBV ^Briw ^suL .000dTI| SB* 
 beiuoee aio^onxD soj j-M^ oes-usrio sx ^1 . x^nltJieo iii'jtw x*s p ^ eldxeaoqai 
 ,e^xe oaaj'T eiij 10! oey^enox* 000,041$ wit lo Juo 000,v)*5 to " 
 
 s fneca-x fli .terLf ^rajoilinjjiB ei ^1 .bevoaq ed J-oa fo?o 
 ebnod tu. 000,52-i no'l noxJ-^-JoqioO JLeO evxJ aa* oj beiT6^80B7i 9*w eJxe casb 
 
 000, <Jc* Ix JJSii, 1 tteeo \lai>.J-iso bli.ow ^x bru .Joxi^eib viis lo 
 000,OOI| rii"to* nsed evari \lfa-uwi bli/oo Jx ,won 9^xa 6ti$ lo auLev 
 
 .03* 
 ,cxas ei ^x ,bos jneJscmooni ne lo aoaari arvJ nx ajsw i-oi^axfa fff 
 
 Hew el ^aenousxc lo egiafio odi J-on <o iefi*8d^ .eno^oeTic lo biBcd 
 
 / 
 
 ^ciTjsxb 8ii^ lo anx^llB aiU faoB os ad oJ anieee aona^eqicoorti lo ferit , bs 
 eh^ }ud axuBlq ariJ- nJxw no og oi avcixnc sie ^MNrobfljsI arlT . sae-^oTc. on 9bBn 
 JB fan* sbnod llos cj e^qn^jj 10a ,ievewon , bib ^suT .-io*l.ib ei9w sio^oeiib 
 ftdJ lo abaod eat b8J3uoiJ.-. ; ojsu oh .msfld-vS .W . H cj O* ( TI ed oJ Ji-oa* aew el8 
 J-ii-oix'J .3 .U itl lo 33o/, ogbul lo noxexoeb rj nsriw ,?oii*exb obibncsaS 
 noxaxseb ssxaT .nwob toj... .1 SJBW , iBftolJ^xlanoafu.' JOA ^risxii? eriJ gnliclseb 
 o^ einod 4-oliJexb liea oJ- eldx jsn^ul oJ alas s. Tsvsnq 
 
anyone . The district was thus prevented from continuing with its plans and 
 lay dormant for years . 
 
 The district had a good deal of litigation. The principal suits 
 were one to compel the City of San Diego to pay taxes on land within the district 
 in which the district was successful, and a suit attacking the validity of the 
 district organization and its bonds, in which the validity of both was upheld 
 by the ruling of the Supreme Court. Both of taese cases went to the Supreme 
 Court and are reported in 108 Cal. 189, and 128 Gal. 477, respectively. 
 
 The effect of the district was to cloud tne titles to all property 
 in the district and until quite lately there has been little activity in the 
 district. The population of the district became smaller and land values went 
 away down with practically no market for the land. Recently the Live Oak Cor- 
 poration, of wnich Ed Fletcher is the head, secured possession of the entire 
 outstanding indebtedness of the district and began negotiations for a settle- 
 ment. The bonds, interest, and warrants amounted to 4310,000. The Live Oak 
 Corporation surrendered 455,000 worth of bonds and received in exchange the 
 title to the property of the district. The remaining indebtedness of 4255,000 
 was to be settled for 4125,000 or at about the rate of fifty cents on the dollar. 
 This involves an assessment of about 43 per acre for the land within the dis- 
 trict. It was expected that this settlement would be concluded in the fall of 
 1911 and that tne district would then be disorganized. 
 
 Conditions within the district have, on the whole, not improved greatly. 
 There are about 1,000 acres irrigated from San Liego city water supply ana from 
 private pumping plants. The value of land is now from (10 to (40 per acre. It 
 is expected tnat after the settlement is concluded the Live Oak Corporation 
 or other capital will carry an the plan of a reservoir at the Panto site and that 
 the district will in this way receive a water supply for at least a portion of 
 the territory. This is uncertain, however, and it is likely that the cost of the 
 
(t) 
 
 DOB eitfcslq itfx rtfxw anxcnxd'iioo moil beJribvs-iq au.tf BJSW JoiiJ-aib eriT . 
 
 . aoaf\ -jol Jrteanob 
 8JXU8 iBqxonx-iq artT . ncxJa:j.UxI lo Leefa 003 ben J-oxuexu eriT 
 
 ariJ" nlnJx-v bjtal nc asxtJ- ipBq oJ 1 039x0. o3 lo \JxQ atU laqmoo ol one eiew 
 lo \d~x>xlBV y.\j- 4 jnx;iafJ'j* J"Xk-3 bittt , ii>'iS8eoou eflw i'oinjsib artj" noihw nx 
 bisriqi; ae* rijoJ 'to \iioiLev eri^ rioxaw RX .aiwod B-X i>n* nox^sxasgno J- 
 atuertqij2 euJ ol 3new eeeao eaai^ lo n.Jod . tiiioC amenqu2 &ii^ lo 
 
 qa j - i , VV# . 1*0 SSI bfls , y8J .IfiO 801 nx bft^Toqen eoe bits d"u/oC 
 II* oJ aaUxJ a;tf buolo c^ BBW J-oxiJ'axb eaJ lo ^o*lle eri? 
 a^ ni Y^-i v -i- 0je elJ^Jxi nasa e*ri eisaj- \l6jnL ed-xjjp JiJ-rtt' brus Joxij-elfa erij- nx 
 
 brxel baa ntsll^tca ameotjj J-yxi^sxc ecit lo nox^Biuqoq 8dT .J'oi' 
 -ioO aijsO evJLJ Bilj- Yl^neas^ .tausl sul icl j-eitani on \lLesitssnq ii^xw nwot 
 
 eix-ne euJ" lo noxasaaeoq b'a ! 08s .b^sii Sitf si lerioJeli b3 hoxrtw lo ,aoxJ.8ioq 
 -QlUes icl eooxJ&xJossn nsgad brte ^oxn^eib e.i^ lo anaabetfdebnx ^nxfantJ p.. 4 iio 
 iflO svxj artT .000,012^ oJ faajnuoinB 8JnB^^JBw bnc .^eeieJni ,sbnod erfT . 
 
 nx bevxsoeT bfie ebnod lo riJ"tow 000, 2c$ banebnai'ita 
 ^ lo seanbejcfa^nx ^nxniJEcioT anT .JoxiJ-eib ei* lo \^ieqonq artf 
 o.:j no .-..'nay {J'lil lo sjai otu Jijcajs J-JL 10 000,^I| 10! baliJee ed ci aaw 
 -8X0 arij nxiiJ-xw bn*I eriJ- 10! QIOJS 'Tq E| ^i/ocf* lo ^nsrcaaaaBB rus sevlovnx axriT 
 lo IJJBl eiU- nx b&birlonoo ed oii:ow J-.^ajudljJoa BXOJ ^iU bad'oeqxe SJBW JI .J-oxu 
 
 . bosxug'i03xb sd naitr bluow i'ox'i^axfa eii* i'jBdi' wte JICI 
 ,sloii* sat no , svjsn ioxiJ-sxb ui nirij-iw enox^ibnoO 
 moil bofl \lqqu8 ieJ-w x^xo og8j,a n<s moil beJsjjxVix =3&iojs 000, J J'uodB oie eiarfT 
 II . 8iojB ieq 0^$ oi^ OI| CJOT! won ex bnjal lo avljav oaT . a nelq snxqmuq e^avxiq 
 nei^jrioqioO JtJsO avij enj bsbwlonoo sx juaineljweB arij la^'ta JBrur beioecxe ax 
 fan* eJie omsM enJ ^B liovteiai * lo njslnr eaj nc ^*i*iro IIxv Ifltfiqpo "xeilio 10 
 lo aoxJ-3oq J-e/jsI ^a 10! \IqqiJB leJ-fiw Ji avxeosn nw axiij 1 nx Iliw Jox'^exb 
 :: dot J*rij \IdiiI ai jx bn ^evswori .nxjej-ieonu si aid? . 
 
(4) 
 
 water secured in this way will be much greater than it would have been under the 
 district's plan had it been carried to successful completion. 
 
 It is rather hard to say just what caused the failure of this district. 
 There were several factors, any one of which might well have proved sufficiently 
 potent to prevent its successful outcome . The nature of the organization and 
 management, in the first place, was not such as to engender confidence, and there 
 is a widespread belief in San Diego and elsewhere among tnose who had knowledge 
 of the affairs of the district, that the board of directors did not conduct the 
 affairs of the district in a strictly honest manner. Even if the management of 
 the district had been all that could be desired, however, it seems likely that 
 the difficulty of selling bonds in the depressed market brought about by the 
 panic of 1893 and tne decision of Judge Roes, would have been sufficient to have 
 prevented the district from carrying through its plans. 
 -t. #iEjyt -.^ Q f 
 
 . in ,,rapvifl*.i . ,<* 2C and V, m fig* T 
 
 ^ut . Without water it ** rot :;> 
 rainfall in MM aiatrict .<? aajy afeut 6 or S tnst*e 
 
 - r 'c - ' ' 
 
 t for Ui* iir fc &jiiss.tion of the ai?triot, tha >rojec-; 
 ac/ae included, 15OO *er -:vrrn : at iojia *i 700 fc 
 
 1400 acrse ar ?till ir. ttoe tumd ci its e 
 
 ';.'ea of tf;^ d -. i x ; i -~ t is jeceptibla ii ir 
 
 .e 150C aar6 of g.'*.-^v:*tx land is aot en. 
 
 
need vri biuov Jx narij 16^81^ .IOL-.T eJ Ilxw v ' ai- i beifoaa i 
 .noiloiqaoo IViaoGcoiie oj ;OJTLSO .ttad ji bri n*Ic a'joi*. 
 Ic oitriial 9M bseu^o jjsiiw j-8i \3 os b-Wu teuJs-i ax jj 
 bsvoic evjia lie* Ja 3 i i: : dolrfr tc snc Y-^ .E-IOJD^ Irieva* S i w . 
 faoe nox^s^a^-io ft j- 'to ^'jujen sriT .wtoa^vc iLleasoDts 8 *i j.tBveiq o^ jn. 
 o 'r&bne S nf> o^ 3 doua .*on a^w .eoelq *^x; *ij nx ,J-aa,r bw - 
 oa* *aonj gnontP eiarfvbslo biw ogsxa rte" nx 't^xlsi bcs-u ;soxw 
 bxo 
 
 lo 
 
 nx Joxi*8jLfa.siw ;o aii.- 
 
 B'*88 ^x .isvaweu .ie'aBao eu fcii/oo .^iij- 11^ noad aa.i jciveib 
 vd ^yodfi ^i-^oid *6*uun beeeo'iqeo anj nx 3tooJ --niJles to v^'s^Ut 
 
 k 
 
 c* *itoxoxtf8 n<*bd ev^u olyow , aeofi e a bwl ID noisioac a.ii- fcn 861 ic ox. 
 
 tii... sic ^.., 
 
LITTLE ROCK IRRIGATION DISTRICT. 
 Los Angeles County - Organized March 28, 1892 - Area 4,200 acres. 
 
 The land covered by the Little Rock Irrigation District was owned 
 thtj f\->t tr-, * , 
 by the Alpine Springs Land and Water Company of which Nathan Cole, Jr., was 
 
 the principal stockholder. Cole brought in settlers enough to organize the 
 
 "- * 
 
 district and tne company then began to sell its lands, most of the sales being 
 made to people in the &ast, many of whom did not come to the district to live. 
 
 The company agreed to plant and care for the land for a certain period. The 
 
 r . V >r vy* - i-r.wj "i<J , i~'. t "". 
 land was sold at first for $25 per acre. Later they raised the price to about 
 
 450 per acre with the owners to care for it themselves, or for |200 to $300 
 per acre the company agreed to put in a flume and care for the land for three 
 years. The tracts thus disposed of ranged in size from 5 to 40 acres. 
 
 At the time of organization there was very little irrigation in the 
 
 ' . - ' , - b '> . . 
 
 district. About 80 acres were being cultivated of which 40 were in grain, 
 3 in alfalfa, 10 in grapevines, and between 20 and 30 in figs. The fig trees 
 and grapevines were soon pulled out. Without water it was not possible to raise 
 much as the rainfall in the district is only about 6 or 8 incnes per year. 
 
 By means of colonizing, then, and giving away town lots to voters 
 who would vote for the organization of the district, the project was initiated. 
 Of the 4,200 acres included, 1500 were governnent land and 2700 belonged to the 
 Cole interests. The company succeeded in selling 1300 acres of its holdings 
 and the remaining 14CO acres are still in the hands of its successors. Prac- 
 tically the entire area of the district is susceptible of irrigation but it is 
 considered that the 1500 acres of government land is not entitled to water, and 
 
 that therefore the area irrigable is only 2700 acres. 
 
 ifcfl \ar ft ,. '-"- 
 
 The district is located on the east side of Little Rock Creek at the 
 
 point where that stream enters the Antelope Valley, and the water supply was to 
 
 d.' vif 
 
 be obtained from the stream. There is what is known as a "cienega" on the 
 
- -J. 
 
 30:.,.-- i)Q'i,. - 661 , t'S <i9i*U bus .in* '/is" * ^nuoD ebIe;.-,.V. 80J 
 
 faenvrc a* 1 * joiruaxd noiu^sx'nl Moon oUJiJ tiw ^ fewievoo ba*I tlT 
 
 / 
 , . it , oloO nacttott tioinw to '^oBqwoO netaW bn* baud e^nxiad oniqlA ttt 
 
 in. ; &to oJ- i;iji;one aielJ^ee ni $ii%LO*iv &ioO .isjoloru!oo^8 leqioniiq 
 yd seJjeg ii^ 'to jaom ,BbnI a^i lies o^ osgad 8ii* ^ctiinoo enj 
 .evil o^ jri'ij-ii;; MHJ DJ on:oo Ion bib rjou* 'to \iu.?. ,8ii>ti tmj ni eiqosq 
 
 .ijoi'jscr lc^iB5 JB 'iol ijBl atU IP! a-uss bcut t*Io oJ- bosn^e ^aaqaO'b oriT 
 o* toiic. siiJ- bei-x \dil* isJ-jRj . eic* t&r CS$ 10! Jeiil J'* bloa BB 
 .;^ ot O'OuJ 10! no .aeviasrasiU j-i iol 1*0 OJ oiwiwo 9fU riJ-iw a'saji loq 
 TO! farwl Siij 1 iol a'twc uoo stii/li jj ni ^uq oJ 1 b&yi^e x rtfcc : 11t05 *M atoje 
 
 .aaioJB O* 1 ot S cionl sle ni beyrtca 1o beeoqeib aurif B^OI* sa? 
 ni noiJ-Bgiiii oHstl xnv ensAi^ npitfjssiae^io to ami*, 
 ^ ni 6-iew D* rioirfw lo faeJjBviJ-Jjjo ^nid tiiw GQIOH 08 
 ail sriT .8^1 't ni OS brue >s: neew^o bti* aaniveq^ia ni 01 .ellflle ni 
 oJ ^IcfisRoq Jon a^w ^i TSJMSW iuoiijiW .i'wo LeIIi*q nooe BIQW B9nivaqaxy 
 iq aariDni 8 10 d juod \Ino ai Joiijeib ri^ ni ILelni^T aafr BJB 
 oj QJ ol nwoJ ^JBWS ^niv^ij ona ^neii^ .gn-txinoloo lo nnsm \a 
 
 oeioT enj .^cin^sjtb sflJ- lo noiJ-jasinjBjiio erif TO! e^ov bli/ew odw 
 OOVS wi* anfii J'nafnmsvoa onew 0051 .bsbuloni eenajs 002, f 1 eiiJ 10 
 lo BSIOB OQI gniliea ni beboooa Yftnqnioo snT .I'eeTojni eioO 
 .tios^eooua <3ti lo Bbr^n eflj' ni Iliie ei/-. ntnoe 00*1 gninisasi erij- 
 ai i'i i'uJ noiJfi^iT.i lo eldxdqeoouft ai i'oinjeifa aaf lo eiB eiiJrts 
 bm- ,!*'# o- bsX^i^na ion ai boel jnemmavoa to TIO OOfil 
 
 . aa-iOjB 007S \Ino ai slctejivii GIJ 
 
 tf xesTiw ioofl elJ-jij >o ebia Ja^e orU no L^-wooI ei Joii^eib aril 
 rfj- boa , \eIIeV oqoJCfi^nA nV ei-ne naso 
 JB ae nwcnx ai Jraw 8i eiariT .ma&i^s srij- noil benijBurfo 
 
U) 
 
 stream about three miles above the district and the district acquired the 
 rights thereto from Nathan Cole Jr. It is said that he received $40,000 in 
 bonds for the water rights transferred, which at that time represented half 
 the flow of the stream. The cienega has proved a very valuable resource to 
 the district for in the late 'nineties when the flow of the stream ceased, 
 the district pumped 100 miners' inches of water from the cienega and was 
 able to carry through the fruit trees until more favorable conditions returned. 
 As the district is at present and has been for some time the only user of 
 water on the stream, it seems likely that it has now acquired a right to tae 
 entire flow of the stream. 
 
 The construction work of the district was all handled by the Alpine 
 Springs Land and Water Company. The main ditch was excavated in earth and 
 h?id a length of 2 1/2 miles; 200 feet of flume were constructed; and lateral 
 ditches lined with cobblestones were built. A man named Billings, who was 
 allied with the Cole interests, paid for the construction of the main ditch in 
 cash and received bonds of the district. Philip Shattucker received bonds in 
 payment for the construction of tne rock lined laterals. 
 
 The original bond issue of the district was 50,000 and a second 
 ieeue of (70,000 was voted later, making a total of $120,000. Both of these 
 issues were confirmed by order of court of Kovember 23, 1897. Of the amount 
 thus voted, only $88,000 were issued. There is no record of any sales of bonds 
 for cash and it seems that the bonds were traded for water rights, construction 
 ,vork , and other expenses. The Alpine Springs Land and later Company seems to 
 have had entire charge of tnehandling of the bonds and it is claimed that the 
 conds were issued for very poor value. It seems certain that the spirit of 
 the law regarding the sale of bonus was not complied v.ith, although it is said 
 that the attorney for the district, Mr. D. P. Hatch, was very careful and tb 
 letter of the law may have been followed. 
 

 * si-si 
 
 ssl^--. 
 a*.--; 
 
 liaa 
 
 - 
 
 .,*c 
 
 aci--i^<; 
 
 ic -.66. \; 
 
 s 
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 j^ 
 
 
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 .U6T. * . 3 -Jan -:" 3s.tc." -i = .': ;o t .-/ i-e.. zsa 
 alae s^- le aci* '.in^sacs ?i.' "cl iiec .s^Siis-; s.- .-..*_ 
 
 .2l*-i&.-il asr^i 
 
 
 Ic i;oc .DOO.^ti; Ic Ls.- ;,- ^ 
 
 i :: 
 
 :3.-i* 
 
 o aa 
 
 la 
 
 n c ai s 
 
 an* 
 
 lo ^i^lq 
 tLee i J'* . -'- , 
 
 
 i*i;e = 4. aia COZ.cc, \L=. .-,-- 
 a&c; s.-? r^.v : .*i : 
 
 ..- r. 
 
 ce 
 
 
 
 
 : . 
 
(3) 
 
 The difficulties of the district seem to have been due to tr.e 
 incomplete knowledge of the proaoters and settlers aa to the crops for which 
 the land and climate was test suited. Prunes and almonds were planted at the 
 start and both were found to be unprofitable . Hie crops which could be raised 
 ere too light and the cost of handling ate up the gross receipts. In the 
 aarly days of the district eoneone had planted a few pear and apple trees and 
 these trees survived the dry period of the late 'nineties and when they cane 
 into bearing it was found that abundant crops of excellent pears could be 
 raised. Of late years, therefore, the almonds and prune wees have been dug 
 up and pears are becoming the nain product. The returns froza the pear orchards 
 are remarkable. It is said that the owner of the largest acreage of pears 
 realized in 1310 a gross receipt of $2, COG per acre. The pears sees to be of 
 exceedingly good quality and bring a very high price in Los Angeles markets 
 because of their good keeping qualities . Had it been known froa the first that 
 pears would be the crop best suited to the conditions, it is likely that the 
 district's progress would have been zueh more satisfactory. 
 
 The depressed sta-ie of the agricultural incustry in the district 
 caused by the unsuitable crops and by the dry years, together with the diffi- 
 culty in securing funds to construct proper works, and the unfavorable teraa 
 on which the bonds of the district had been issued, led to a practical deser- 
 tion of the district. There are now only two families in the district who have 
 lived there continuously since its organization. Interest was defaulted for 
 a number of years . 
 
 About 1904 there waa a itove aade to do away with the district and 
 
 . 
 
 set up in i^e place a rcutual water conpany. A compromise was secured with the 
 bondholders and it was planned to issue one share of the stock of the anitaal 
 coapany (the Alpine Water Company) for each acre of land. A number of the 
 non-raeidente soon opposed this plan and the resident landowners also found 
 
aver, c ..:ooa oiio ai- saJ Io 
 
 ^-t* -sol s^o'i a ^j oj RJK til-Lues ant aidjceoi^ a^U lc 
 J* ceJa*JLq siew aoao&Ia oa swanl . beaii--: ^^u 3** 
 ec sited d3it\* ace-is .;r . alJJUiloiqm; 83 o- cave i 
 ettt xl .s^qiso.--i aao^j <an. qc a- f 
 bru-; sosV olqq* oae -i^t/q *1 B bs^filq bed 
 
 a 
 
 died 
 
 e,U "to 
 
 eiwr 
 
 olioo ai*eq ^nsilasxa io aqoia 
 
 Vi B8s-u wuiq 
 
 Tisec s.iJ u.oil aaii-Jsi stxr . ^ayaoic; AI*J.; 9nJ 
 8iac lo .--_.> i-.c.-: jgaj-LEl ani 1 lo ien.*o a^J- ^atw cie 
 to dc< c-* aaea a-veaq aT .BIS* ttq 000, ^| lo ^oi 
 
 aoj .1^ acxiq d^in \-iev t yirji} oa* 
 aaj cianl a-vooii neej ^i bBii .aaiJiiei,p ^oi 
 ai jj 
 
 }KOJ but* rt. SJDW ^x ^niTieod o^ajt 
 ujjsl 10 . 
 SIB ai/iaq btu? 
 
 . sIjjBaii cre-i 
 CII nl 
 yoo a xl^ 
 'io 
 
 sj-;<Mi dain naed evBft oli-ctv gp-s^c-iq 3 
 ni x*^ s-'bni laiuili'Oi't^s ao^ Io aj*^e aessaiqsfc aciT 
 
 yd bn* aqoio elu 
 
 evjari on* 
 id 
 
 ni 
 
 o^ bai .Dauaai nsi oed *oin*B.U> s.u Io a-nocf 3fi^ :ioLi* -no 
 atfct ai ezllistip.l -owj ^lac won si* anaaT .Joi-usib Q.W Io noi* 
 l .noilJssiaB^io 3Ji aonis \IcjjouaiJ-nos 
 
 ,eTre\ io 
 
 bnB oii;aib ea^ ,t?i* ^BWJB ob o* acso: svo anr eieaJ wei J-tcwiA 
 oriJ aJlw beouaea aew aaiiv.otq.^oo A .\af,;-sa i&J&v LBLJU.\- B e3Iq a, 1 ! ai qv 
 .-WE eof Io ioo-a acu le a-uwls anc aiiaei o* samtalq BJB Ji baa 
 
 -. A .boel lc 813* haes iol (x nBr ' o:0 3 i*i*3 aotqlii aci) 
 ol oelfl BianwoarujI iaaoiBgn 3/tf ocu oalq ei . . - . r>i 
 
that under this plan which gave tne preponderating influence to those owning 
 the ,-nost land, tee welders of the 1400 acres formerly ownea by Cole aaa entire 
 control. Tney were not resident landowners and did not aoanage in the interest 
 of those wno ^ere. A strong opposition was thus created against the Alpine 
 Water Company and it was charged that its organization * not legal. In 1909 
 tftie was conceded ty all parties and the mutual company again gave place to the 
 district. A compromise was agreed upon under w&ich tne conci.olcers were to 
 receive for tneir holdings of (88,000 in bonds, |25,&00 in bonos of a new iseue 
 amounting to $60,000. In addition to the fr5,CGO of ine new itrufc tr.ue exchanged 
 for the outstanding indebtedness, property owners vere to purchase tcnoe to the 
 amount of (15,000 in order that the works of the district might be repaired and 
 improved and the water system placed in a state of efficiency. This cocprondee 
 has not been carried to completion as yet although tee owners of the cuttiancing 
 bonds have all agreed to the exchange. It ie expected that the reorganization 
 will be cojq&leted within the next few aonthepan. 1912). 
 
 The litigation to which the district nae been a party hae not been 
 very serioue or extensive, five suite are of record, tiro of which were in re 
 pater rights, one for the confirmation of t&e tones, one in the matter of the 
 dissolution of tee oietrict with a view to forcing the Alpine later Cocpany, 
 ar.c a suit of various landowners againet the Alpine Water Company and the cie- 
 trict decMjnding a return of t&e district fora of organization. This last case 
 was cieniesed by the consent of the parties and the settlement aade was, as 
 stated above, favorable to the district. 
 
 On the whole, tee district has veec very beneficial to the cowwuaity . 
 There exe now atout 7CO acres of land irrigated and the cocnunity ie very pros- 
 per ous. Land is worth |45 to $1,000 per acre and with the settlement of the 
 outstanding indebtedness and the improvement of toe water syeterr it will doubt- 
 less go r-uch higher. Whatever difficulties have been encountered by the district 
 have not been due to any defects of the Iright Act but rather to the ineufficiect 
 
ruslq aiitt ISDU 
 
 asiae OC#1 aa.j Ic aiacloii *U ,wui lao, 
 
 &fu r fix S^TSOI jca oia oms aiaawobtuil J-aei>x33i JO.T aisw X 9a fr . lounoo 
 iii J8flii.^s oaliidio siirlr a ...;...- ^.'.cija ^ ,vi*;. odw oaa.ij lo 
 nl .i*3til ^on & aox^isiassio 8*1 ia&t begie.ia saw ^i i>n* ^uacacO 
 
 \ro>qao3 jjuufv.. *"U bn aex^ific lie \a oocaoaoo a 
 .u r.c^av isc.u- no.qii LST^JB saw exCiC"i<TiBoo A . 
 -."a a lo 3dnou .ix J00,^# ,scnod ai 000,96^ lo ago^iloa nxac^ ici r 
 
 nai^x^oe rtl .0 
 
 dl o- ajacJ d3&-.o~jc g-i-^v 3":sHi*c \si , E3nb.:Joso 
 
 one baiBq3^ &d Ja^ir ^3xi-*3xi3 siiJ to ST:.I -jjj j^r -iso-io nx Jj ',!> lo 
 
 ax;;? . xoo^i'-t^^a ^ 9*a3 -< -ii baalq ad^axs isu*w eaJ 1 jite ievoiqnix 
 >rL' "to 3-it*wo o.tr rt^oa-Is ^e'{ as noi* tIqasoo c; baxTies aooi ?on asri 
 sat ^;ii- bsrasqx* 9* il . d^neaoxs &ii? o- iosi^ lie sv^.i aiincd 
 
 al ^XB.T srU nxiwi* oajalcpoo 
 
 OX T3 ilOXilW 1C t 0*JOS-i 10 3T 8w ljJ8 aVXl ,6VX8ndJX9 TO 
 
 lo id.^r 30J iix sno ,3onoj em lo no.:Jsi2-iiln:)0 sat 10! sao , 
 , vaao-aow ~*t.V ao^qLf; aaf ^nxsnol oJ- wsxv . ijx /oxn^sx^ 
 
 -alj> 9iij bos X.TSV'.EO') -iivBif a.iiqlr. aril j'aaiJs^B aismsrooaBl aaoxw lo J'iwa a b.tc 
 9X.il .ooxJ 'SXA^t* lo nol lox^aii) 9a\T lo 1x11,491 B .jfliOfu;" 
 
 lo ^nosaoo 00^ \d bs33XB93xa as* 
 
 ti; o.f alaaiovrl .evodjj a 
 . c ,olonw 
 
 -eoiq \-:b si t-*^ a *'' ffl!BCC ' aaj oae ba^^xiil snai to eaic^ OD? Juol& *on 
 
 aril lo J:iaa:ajtejaa a*U .iriw bsjs eio itq 000 t l$ oi 2*| rfHow ai fcfta . jjoi-jq 
 -Jcaofa III* *i saj-9^3 -ss sir le *amsvoiqmi e,i* JOB wscibsMebai ^nJtbftfif <lwo 
 
 ^i " <rf-^ *' " r 
 
 6;i- lo j voe w ei. - ^ ;s . 3 :' ."^.'i ovrrf 
 
Loe Angeles County - Organized December 5, 1891 - Area a, 000 acres. 
 
 The land included in the Kanzana Irrt^ataew District was, at the time 
 of organization, owned by three companies which proposed to fora eel cedes and 
 plant the land with aluond trees . Th Mutual Fruit Growers association we* first 
 in the field anc was atle to sell over half of iis lard. The i anx&ca Colony 
 came a little later and vae able to sell scssewhat lees than half c-f its land, 
 and the Aj genera Colony sold very little. Geo. Arcolc acd Leer, icse of Lcs 
 Angeles were interested in the plan and Hihn Setae and E. V. Edson, -u* head 
 rer. respectively of the tacxara Cclony and the *&tual iruit Growers' e to I !!_ 
 were the principal aovers on the ground. The plan seeics to have been to sell 
 the lard to eastern and other people whc would pay $200 per acre end to leave 
 thea to pay the assessments and care for the bonce . It seeae to have been a 
 purely wildcat scheas for the water supply was later proved to be entirely 
 inadequate, ibe lacd wa? excellent and exceedingly well suitec to irrigatiot, 
 bat the water supply was conspicuous by its abeecce . ?he proneters planted 
 alsorid trees arc in this way were able to secure a hih price for the land cold. 
 
 all irrigable if water were available . A bond issue of $60,000 was voted and 
 ccr.firsed July 9, 1693, Hie bonds being issued in denoaiaaticns of $100 each. 
 
 At the time of the organization of the district there had been a 
 series of vet years and as a result Kings Canyon creek carried about 75 
 of water as late as June or July, and Tweady Lake %as full of water. 
 
 ..rcer of supply were purchased by the promoters for about $1800 froa a eert&ia 
 Caldera and then transferred to the district for |23,3CC in bonce (The ordinal 
 price was *27,000 in bonds but it was afterwards cut down by the court to (23,300), 
 The water rights thus secured, when the seasons of heavy rainfall ceased, proved 
 
- 
 
 :. . 35.- rti 
 
 :a c-.ol 
 SST :: zz*f 
 
 i.-r* %:. : 
 
 Isi.;^! e-f* .a*t< sao*!* .\Ji bael sot 
 
 18 l^. t3Te II= =.* =1., TT iXiE r Ii : 
 
 aa? .aosbS . ^ .i isi* 
 * 39386 *I;POI risni 
 
 jag aIc 
 
 -..15/^54530-: .ta 
 
 r ... 
 
 .l.i 
 
 j2j *i cj ^SWCTC i-al as* X^MW* -:a.*jpr aar 
 
 o* rji 
 oa Isrili* v^ 
 
 JsutT S.T!^ ic I as 
 
 .i;3a e," sJf- s*:- 
 
 J3 ic 
 
 c 
 
 
 . ^ p 
 
 -^u.** aoaco .uf .EPdl ,c viil i.jrt 
 >c sci-tlae^-ic &.-.- lo ?.ir s^ ;A 
 
 . 
 
 Ic ? = . 
 -icse l 
 
 - *.-v 
 
 t 
 

 to be of very little value. Vreacy LaJte driec -up aiiC trie flc* of 
 
 ig frr- ' - - ' 1 ~ 
 
 creek ciislinghec until there vac act trrer 5 inches ef mater flawing in z 
 strew. 
 
 A cox fliase was first put in for a dietac.ce of about to zilee. It 
 was food thai e-saporaticr los-eec *ere PC great thst no water eoula be run i 
 the flume curing the euaner n&tthe . luring Tie sects*! jear toe f 1-ae *ac 
 extended anc a pipe line ^c-out 2 1/2 or 3 mite in lecgt and ran^ifig fron. 
 3 iccher dtrrn tc 1 1/2 incite ic dlaneter vae pat in. Water WOE piped tc 
 ranch Loueee tut there Tae cot enoa^i for irrigati&n. Usaring, tc third year 
 the fluHe became dsjuaged and from the resaiaiflg aterial m. V 
 
 tuilt. Ivo better ruceeB wae had ith this flame ami &en it bfr 
 
 further atteapt ax repairs *-as maa . The cect cf tie vork thec dso> 
 
 413 ,COC in bosdE . Tue boncg true ieaad tins oat legally scverticed vvre 
 
 ^ . ' . 
 
 cot ieruec according tc la*. 
 
 The coeds yeied hj t&e district, ae tt* acewe, were 460,000. H 
 
 - - *** '' ? - '- : ' 
 
 total aiLOunt ieroed vac 4-tC,CXX, but of these 43.7CG were returnee ta the 
 district. The net ieeue *&.? -J^erefcre 42&f3C)G. interest on toe bents rac 
 paid for arcut thre jeare. When tne vater began xo fail in 1895' ace 1E96 
 the rt failed to pay interest and refused to levy further aeceMoectc . 
 
 Joseph :-. . ".ires, The ovced lor.. -.ue aBMBrt of t4,CC. bron^t ooreral 
 
 . r cr. ;.is rcrds, tut vac r.c^ able to recure any cash return, althov^L tko 
 -erior t of Los irgelcf County nplnoli tbe validity of tee ooaa\i held by 
 
 hte. 
 
 i-- --:-= failure cf toe vater ovpaijf the arooyoct of omrrooo in the 
 rcane very poor and people saved aaaj fro it. Tbe vater of ilaga 
 Canyon Creek, r .-aerly belonged to the district, aao boon affrapriodat 
 
 a -. ..-. of Loo Angeles for aao OK the Jaaaotet line. The diatrici, there- 
 for* , has practically no resources and a hocwy oaria Iaait,am,.<ei4 Baay of tko 
 bonds, koaaior. are ovmd by porioaa oaalaa load in the district so teat 
 
(s) 
 
 U to .volt a;w bOH.qj; i>~. .r.j, 
 
 fix ^nxwol'l 'i ;# "to s&iionx ci . .1 s&* 
 
 Ixjm? bdriejUunub 
 
 owj J-jjoj.!; to eonEJ-axu . io'i ox JL-C isixt aaw aaurll xoi A 1 
 
 l^uoiilj iti/Tt ad bluoo -jej,v oa d-^itt J-sbia 03 e^a* 33330! aoi^Bioqsvo ^rfj- bfiu/ol 
 
 aaj OBS\ Jnooea o*U jniii/a . Bii^aom 'isi'issua ani ^IXTJJU aaujll 
 i-jjftBi bB .ij-^nsl fix asixn -xo. S\I 2 Juoir enxl aqiq * bnu 
 benlq aij* lajt-tf . ai ^yq gjsw TocrafltKXb ux seaunx J\I I oJ- avofa asrionx 
 ixii^ edit ^nxiifll .noxafi^iiiJt tol iigvona J-on .aB<y dietU 1 J~ud aaowoti fioosi 
 wu/Il iiaqjit'ia V B IflxiaJ^ra { jn;nx'se't 91!^ no'il b.i>; bu^-unust afajspacf aaiull 
 
 d J'i ii-o.v.- bos -.,;till siuj- .-.Ji . bii a^./ asdaaua i9JJad 
 
 tcicb ax-'ii^' iiow au.- to ^so. ,:! . a--;;m a^iw eiXAqe^ -J. J'miidJJj' -i-jiij'iy'l on 
 91 w bos baaxJaavbiJ x^^B -'- J '- on a119 * beuaaj. ayiij ajaacf 8iiT . abnod ni 000, 
 
 ^ eiaw t svoa 
 Ou beni&tfsi eiew 00?,c,y saeiU lo . 
 
 ay >z no j-eaid^fii .G3d? 
 
 boa 2661 ni Iil o.r nn^ad IOJJB* s.' 
 
 ban 
 
 ^d bajov ebno^ 
 ,000,0># 8w bai-'eaJ: 
 
 asur euasx wan aril . ^ 
 
 , .. ,, o'i . ,..)-; 
 
 odi 
 
 of blri ebnoa 
 
 aao 
 
 la 
 
 bXanqw 
 
 o.i-Y ,36ixq<3 .H 
 .ebaod sxri no 
 eoJ lo JrtuoO 
 
 eaj- ax aaaoot/a lo j-oeqsoiq e^u \Iqqua is^-aw edj- lo enui4l a/it 
 i;i lo I9.tsw aiir .^x /KOT! x*w*i bdvan alqoeq 
 iOifi\a aea afift ^oi 1-9x1) a^ oi os^nola 
 -e . .r .anil JaubQwpA uaj cto acu -. soJ to 
 
 jfii 
 
 a:i , 
 
(3) 
 
 IB an offset. Mr. 0. L. Liveey, now of Los Angeles, rr-a.de an effort at one 
 time to bring about a compromise with the bondholders. The basis proposed 
 v.as the exchange of land planted with growing almond trees for the bonds, the 
 exchange to be on the basis of two $100 bonds for an acre of land. This basis 
 
 agreed to by all of the bondholders except Judge J. P. Vidney of San 
 ierr.ando who held $6,000 worth of bonds and refused to take leee than $5,000 
 in geld for them. This prevented the consummation of the proposed compromise 
 
 and no further attempt has been made to secure a settlement. 
 
 ut tc a<ei9.. *.TI/.- . 
 
 There are a few people still living in the district and some 
 alcond trees are still growing without irrigation. A portion of the land in 
 the oietrict was claimed by the Southern Pacific R. R. Co., and as the company 
 never received title to this land, those wno purchased from it lost all they 
 had invested. Land is now worth about $5 an acre in the district. 
 
 ?* 
 
 The failure of the district must be ascribed to the nature of its 
 promotion. It was a wildcat scheme from the first and there was no sufficient 
 
 water supply available . At the time of the organization of the district there 
 
 J 
 
 were Ices than a dozen permanent residents there and the rest of the petitioners 
 were hired men. It is said that the first board of directors was made up of 
 sen who were not freeholders and therefore were not eligible to hold district 
 offices. The scheme did not have proper justification and was not honestly 
 
 handled . 
 
 7H*re v*)9 a 
 
 v^eet->:9* cfc *r.t& Rota i =\iu io have MI ar*a of 46,000 *ert, tvt up;r. 
 Utl eurvty it vae fdvut* t* hve &a ar* *f cr^y 9,000 ncrt. 5*1,- ^r 
 
 -.e *ntir* di _ricx, a*td ** A rlaUvljr 
 
 of ?M,vr Jrfs L.vii-. ilri: -::? cr 
 
(6) 
 
 oo JJB Jiollii .-u; aojsr. , aala^aA *oj lo /.:'. .vgsviJ . J .: .iU . Jssllo n, 
 oaaccoaq siiec CKU . eidilo;iinoj aJ ciji* eai.ioiqcioc ^ -^oji. \.tji.' a.* i- 
 
 aorl "U 
 
 * - - s^a^. i :. .-.: dj cj- b 
 fia3 lo 
 
 
 ,C$ 08. ij 3381 9A. jj OsaiJldT OOB 3Jf'.OJ 
 
 auos ooe iSi-uaii; s.xf n^ a :iivi H_- 3 
 
 oael a.i? lo aoi^noq A .coiJ-^i'i-:.: jtcaji* jrtiwan.., . Ixji s-^t 
 
 -S aTjii^fo.S t..v -^ 
 
 .*i Ic a-.^.'/-a o-s.^ c." iidii .. . 
 
 o.i aea aie.v i,aa j-siit 8 of ceil aaa.-iaa j*-joIi- , ,- ,/ .*! 
 7sx;j sitt lo nozj-^sxfTfl^o o = u* lo aisi* s.x^ j . olui:.- /,-; 
 aoj la J-SQT b.U b^tP sid.ij 3.- 1 i9faien \i 
 
 lo qc oLsm a** aioj-oeixo lo jwd Tn a.-j ji.c ji fc . a ^^ j- : , n9ki . ,, 
 fl blon oj- eldi xl& +3.: a -:yw a-.Disis.^- ..-as s-r.of 
 *on stew iifc noii-.silJiS'iui leqo-jc sv-^a jcn i^j 
 
Riverside County - Organized Feptember 18, 1890 - Area 14,000 acres. 
 
 The town of L'urrietta ie situated on the Temecula branch of the 
 Atchieon, Topeka & Santa Fe R. R., which was fonaerly a part of the through line 
 to Ean liego. The Temecula Lane and Water Company was organised there in the 
 late 'eighties with the expectation of developing water and selling the land. 
 It acquired 2200 acres of land at 12 per acre and attesptec to develop water, 
 but having very limited capital, was unable to carry through the plan and took 
 up the organization of an irrigation district under the Wright Act as a means 
 to the cesired end. 1L. L. licks of Los Ar-gelee, was tfce leader ir. the ooveaent 
 and he negotiated with a Scotch syndicate but was unable to effect a sale. 
 Although some opposition was encountered fro* E. V. Tarwater, who kept a general 
 store and oraed soae property, the district was organized on Septecber 18, 1890 
 to cover an area of 14,000 acres, most of which was irrigable. Land in the 
 district was held in tracts of mediae: site, the average being about 60 acres, 
 Tith a few large tracts, tro being of about 1,000 acres each. The principal 
 crcp vas grain with sose fruit and alfalfa raised. The value cf land was 
 
 - 12 and $25 per acre . There was practically no irrigation practiced. 
 
 The district had in view several different sources of rater supply 
 and surveys were asace *.c detemine the test source cf supply. There was a 
 vaterrhed on Santa Rosa fountain said to have an area of 40,000 acres, but upon 
 an actual survey it was found to have an area ef only 9,000 acres. Nigger 
 Canyon, situated near -eoecula and L5 miles frou the uistrict w&s next considered 
 and it was found that some water sight be obtained there, cut probably not 
 enough for the entire district, and at a relatively high cost. There was also 
 SOBS though of securing water frost Lake Elsinore or Lleinore Canyon, and the 
 Bear Valley Irrigation Company was anxious to add tr.is district to its liet of 
 
-L- 
 
 000, >I se-iA - 08X ,81 TaJir-. . iO - {Jm'oO abiaiavxfl 
 
 orij- 'io aotiBnd Bluoa-neT 9tf no b aJt aJ^sximll Io n-j/ot 
 
 aiiJ 'to i-u-'q a ^Iiatnol 3*-*r itoxi-hr ,.fl . jl { a^ruja 4 
 ni &-. jsx ( siio a.>,# x* 181 ?' 110 ^ TatjsW &fi onJ Bluoeoia? sii? 
 
 srij- ^nxll62 faor> TSJ-BW ^"-^^O-f^v^^ ^ " .qxe arid- rli-iw 
 
 qoldv-ja oJ ba^qrasJ-J-fl bajs sio taq SI^ ^js faoal io 39-joB 0022 eiiup3 ^ 
 ilooj UOB nslq oiiJ" itairoiiaJ' wir.t> oj alsixiruj SB* ,lBJj:q3 oeJ'J.mil \nev 
 
 am.bi.: JB as ^oA JTi^iiW 8itJ labtii.' Jox^JBXo noiJ'JByi'ni JIB Io noiiasinK^id srit qu 
 J~n- jiij- !ti leOBs! aiiJ- &BW , 30X03:141 scj Io 3Jioi,V .J .;.! . bn bsnxaeb 9.1J- od 1 
 
 .lea fl ^oe'Hs o^ 3ldu BJBW Jud a^.yoibiTX 8 iioJ'ooS B lUlw bai-uitosQn eri 
 ^isnSd B Jqjh oii.i/ t "ieJ;;wiBT .W .3 moil beia^nvoone asw aoi^iaoqqo 3.H03 ri 
 0681 ,8X isjc'iiiaJ-qeS HO casioa^-io a>. joiiwaib rl^ , x-ioqoiq 9ffio<i banvrc brtB 
 
 a>i r ai boej . eXds^iTix saw rioxitr Io .'..-::: ( eaio 000, M Io jsais OB isvoo 
 .39TOJ3 08 i-ooJis ^nx9d s^ai9v eiij , eaxa muxbam Io aJ-ostJ ni bXsri ajsw 
 Isc 9.'iT .iio* aa-xo* 000,1 Jwocte Io ^nied o*l .aJ-o^i^ agiflX wsl a . 
 
 anal 't-j ulfj/ eriT . bssig'i .m^XfllXB bna d'Xi/Tt noe .U'x? nijeig aavr qa*t 
 .1 . ^xiai on ^XlBox^ojBiq 3*w aiaiiT . e*iofi neq 2S$ brus 
 
 itfj-fi-.v Io ssoiijoa d^nsiallxb XB^ev^3 *ex/ rtx brt *oxitqxb riT 
 
 o 
 
 noqu Jucf S&'IOB 000,0* Io fleiu n& avad oJ 1 bx8 rii^ nuoM jsaoE *^ruj3 o 
 
 . aeiofl 000,9 xlno ":o sai/s rs vii oj bnuol ecw ^i 
 J'xeo aaw ^oi'Uaxb 9^ raoil aoXxm 2U bos JsXuoaaieT tean 
 
 tq ^ud , 9-i9n.' it uiiaj-J o aa jii^lm tafjsw anos j-jsaj- brurol 3S# ."i bos 
 saw sisnT .^200 dgxii \l8vLs sie>i js J~B bnjs .^oxt^Bia 9^xj^s orij' 10! riyiiona 
 farm ,rtO\^ 10 snoni^Xi JlfJ .noil i-itr,* ^nxiuoss Io ilai/Oi-W omoa 
 
 ^oxxns a^s* x^ f;C i ;! ''oO nolts^iiil dXIfiV 1B93 
 
(2) 
 
 customers . None of these plans seemed to be entirely satisfactory to the 
 people of the district and when an election was held to determine whether or not 
 150, 000 in bonds should be issued, the bonds were defeated. The district 
 purchased a email lot and put down an artesian well to a depth of 350 feet, 
 and this veil is still flowing. There is an available underground supply of 
 water which appears to be quite extensive, but such a source of supply does 
 not seem to have been seriously considered by the majority of the people in the 
 district. 
 
 The failure to decide upon a source of water supply and the defeat 
 of the bonds convinced the directors that it was useless to continue under the 
 district. At the same time there were numerous failures among the other dis- 
 tricts of the state and the sentiment throughout the district was for disorgani- 
 sation. The re -was a small indebtedness and Kutchinson t Brown, tr.e most active 
 opponents of the district, offered to meet this indebtedness if necessary in 
 order that the district might be dissolved. However, a subscription was taken 
 up, the Santa }e R. R. Co., contributed $50 and hutchinson ft Brown paid the 
 same sun: as the other property owners. At an election held December 9, 1894 
 it was voted tc disorganize and a decree dissolving the district was issued 
 by the Superior Court of Riverside County on inarch 25, 1895. 
 
 The district had little effect on the prosperity of the community. 
 There was a long period of declining land values which seeme to have been 
 merely a part of a general movement following the Panic of 1893 and it was not 
 until about 1904 that prices again turned upward. Land is now worth from 410 to 
 $150 or $200 per acre. There are a few pumping plants in the district and some 
 alfalfa is raised- Aside from that, grain is the principal crop. The community 
 ie prosperous although progress has not been rapid. 
 
smJ- oJ- \io*'J8laiSi?,'i -{leiiJna ad o* bauifcaa oru?Iq seen* lo anoirt , 
 ton TO ie;i;frwu/ aaxmaj-Qfa o* olari atw nox Joels na ne.lw bit* Joiiji5 art* 'to alqoeq 
 iiT . baJfisla.:) jit*w ejjnocf ectf , beunai sd blroiia abnod fix 000,0fil$ 
 x)Co to ilj-qeb ja oJ ilsw muBaJ"w aj? nwoi Juq iuB Jol 11/j.Ta e 
 lo Y-t<3^w^ onwo-ijis;;.-' eld*>livis OB ai trlT .gninroll IliJ'a ai lie* 
 aooo \Iqqj-8 io sa-uic j a ioue Jwd , avismwxs tJliip ad o* a^-eqqji ;ioxdw 
 ni olqoav] wtf lo ^iiotam ent \d boisbisrtoo xlnuoiTea nsaJ sv^a oi mesa 
 
 J- Jbrus ^Itrqu3 -IB^.V 'to eonuos a noqu bioei oJ aiifliel eriT 
 laany OU.UJUBCO ol aaeiaau aaw ^i i-jerU aioloonib ertf beonivnoo eonod eriJ lo 
 -ulfa tarLJ-o on^ anomfi aeiuli^'t euoTemun aiwr oiarii' emij- &;.\BH aitt ^A 
 
 lo't aa<.v Joii^sij aril J-uorigwoMrU- i-naajxaridu srtt bros sj^e 9il4- lo 
 ^aom s.jj ,rwoi3 A noaitiiioJjuH boa assnb^acfsbni llAnia a SBVT eieriT , 
 ni vi38e>eiii li aasnbeJdbbni aifil i'eein ot beia'Ho ^oiij-exfa sfij' lo a^nsnoqqo 
 af:v rtoi^.iXToaa'ua JB .navawori . bsvloaeib *cf J-ii^iu: Jaiti-aii) ecit JjarU- Tab^o 
 bisq a<iroi^ i riOBiuifioj-iia bttB Od^ be^uJiij-jaoo ,.oO .fl .K i Bj-nsS arij ,qu 
 ,9 lelmaoaj bls/i noi^osls rus J-A .aisawo x- * a q' : l isriJ-o artJ- a rai/a aouia 
 bowaax a^w J-oxiJ-aib eri-t ^axvloaaxb aeioab ^ DOB sirw,;noalb o ieJ-ov ajsw J-x 
 .fiCSI ,3$ floiBLi no x^"^ abxmsvJUJ lo J-JuoO rtoxioqua arft yd 
 . Xviauoaaoo e*i^ lo ^Jiidqaoiq eiij- no Goalie alJ-^xl b*a ^oii^axj eriT 
 
 n&eci *vwi oj amaas rio.tnw aaulcv bfwX yiinxloab lo boiieq yacl 3 a^w 
 toa f# ^x UB 6C6I lo oxrtaS snj a-*o--o^ ^flamevoia jUiaae^ lo 4-ieq A 
 
 OIj> ffloil fttiow oa ax bfljej . isaewrqi; bemui' nx3JB aooJtiq iscit ^061 J~wod 
 aiua baa j-oxi^aib enj ax aJ-JUilq jjuxqnujq al a ai a-:adT ,io iaq OOU^ 10 
 qono Icgxanxiq art* ax ai^ng ,Jjpftr moil ebxe^ bssx/s-j ax 
 
 nesd Jon a^iii .leex^oiq agt'Oiillfi Pt/aieqaoiq i 
 
KEEKACh IRRIGATION DISTRICT . 
 
 _ 
 
 LOB Angeles County - Organized Kay 5, 1893 - Area 3,640 acres. 
 
 >i- '<> *^fm '- -..'.rir 
 
 The Neenach Irrigation District was formed to cover land in the 
 
 northwestern part of LOB Angelee County in Antelope Valley. The landowners 
 hoped to get water from several sources. Water filings were made in Cow Spring 
 Canyon, in Vest Canyon and in : id die Canyon, for 500 inches each. It seeme 
 highly improbable that there was any considerable eupply of water available 
 
 from either of these sources and people familiar with the locality say that 
 there was practically no water available. 
 
 In view of the difficulty of obtaining water, it appears that the 
 district was given up. No record of any bend issue appears and it is the 
 concensus of opinion among those who know of the pact and present affaire of 
 that locality, that the district did nothing more than organize and look around 
 for a water supply, and finding itself unable to obtain water, it ceased to be 
 ac tive . 
 
 . 
 
.rj. .- .-. _* .-I 
 
 . eio 0*6, *STA - 81 ,fi ite'* 
 
 w" as. DOB! -jdvco cj bdffiio; 8* j-i't .* HiC. 
 i-ts^ eqolaja* ni \^m;oO 
 - woO fli ao*.? ar.ew 3^011^1 i-.i .aeoiuoa 
 
 jj .a9 aatiwu. OOfi lol ,novui> Iaoi;i fli 
 lo xMQ 1 '* eXdjidaisoo ^JIB saw 
 9 -*- rt*i* leiliael slqosq bofi 
 
 lo 
 
 -.ivT a.i ^i irm 8i0eqq suasl bnod voe lo 
 lo ailelt* JneBanu cos aec arLt lo rfon^ oriv 
 xcol out* ssiaa^io ii*ai- mo.- ,,....,.: .ua 
 acf o^ osaueo Ji ,iJ.ew ai^do oj ^IJBJU; llas^i 
 
 il sal 
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 J eg OJ beqoa 
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 lr eldjsjOiqml ^ 
 saedi lo j^ri^ia 
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 D aot lo &iv 
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 oas , X-tQ^'B TS^BW a 10! 
 
OLIVE I. : .RJGATIOK LI STRICT. 
 
 San Bernardino County - Organized January 1693 - Area 1,000 acres. 
 
 ^v- 
 
 The Clive Irrigation District was organized to cover a small triangular 
 tract of lard near Col ton. The owners wishec to secure water and render their 
 land available for the production of citrus fruits and thought the method of 
 organization permitted by the fright Act would suit their purpose. The district 
 was organized in January 1893 to cover 1,000 acres of which 860 acres were 
 irrigable . It was proposed to secure vater from artesian wells on the ranch 
 of Carl Schimpf , and for this purpose $60,000 in bones were voted and confirmed, 
 negotiations for water rights vere entered into, but the parties could not ^.ive 
 a good deed to the land and by the time the difficulties in regard to title 
 vere overcome, those interested in tee district had decided that the expense of 
 proceeding under the Wright Act would be too great and that it was a poor business 
 proposition. All those owning land in the district took this view of the case 
 and apetition for disorganization was presented April 29, 1689 and the district 
 
 was declared disorganized by Superior Judge John L. Campbell on August 30, 1899. 
 
 ~r WH.S <tfic wy ? 8. 5- ,"s - 'r; :.- Jl . wr. - 
 
 This district was so snail that the prosperity of the community was 
 unaffected by its discontinuance. The land within it was neld in tracts of 
 
 about 16C acres and wae valued at $25 per acre, no crops being raised at that 
 
 ' 
 
 time. The land is now vorth from 45CC to f!500 per acre and is practically all 
 irrigated. 
 
 vr. 
 
 
- 
 " - : - ii . 3kiii T : ... i* a 
 
 .^ 
 
 c *Iir a*ij*rs ceil tc* ancraa cc >sc.-j-: *n :l .3. 
 
 -T_ ... i-ri-s^sic 
 
 3 
 
 as* 
 
 c . 
 
 as . 
 
San 25* CCBBty - flupatici fCicciir 7. 1891 . Area 44, DOC acne 
 
 The Otay Irrigation detract wse etarted by a ncweiaesn sf the eoall 
 
 KL.C fell It at toey sexuLd ty leraug A district and ftaiaiajK bantse, 
 & water supply for their land* xtiri. votild increase tteir value jnexgrfold. 
 
 tie moremerrt vac I . BcrrJMi. Othere interacted were 1. . 
 Spencer ad vs. Fank. liere v&e fros tLe rt&rt & vqr trc^ pjieail 1 1 
 the tietrirt en tLe groands cf ezprnaa*. Prccaily pne-fourtr of ti* people cf 
 th district tner agqisct it. T&e oppfitica rigina4efi with SB Italian 
 witidja HM district vxiieh w f"li"ILI' f i* t^t rlneysrc and wire 
 Tbey di not want irrigatioB. Dcaauri, a large vianafeer m.o BOTBM 
 extecsiv* properly, vac their leader. Tbe 5& Liege Land ft Town Coapaajr Bed 
 a iBJ^pji MBTt of lane in tie cietrict and vac tacitly, thoTa&a net actively, 
 9fBMd te the air trie t. Toe property f the italiane vac in the iriucl* cf toe 
 
 . -.. - -. - - MdU rt tkHNHCjn \ ill -i : ;:. _: i .:.-;..-.. 9M 
 pjNwlt&eci vac led by a SMI naoBc Banker Eicitb. e irtltieyHnil tt get an tuc 
 first tcart cf directors, vac defeated, and l*r<Hi a titter eueny cf the cirtrict, 
 
 r aerae size of 1 mndWIif 1 1 1^1 in the cislrict vac prito&Elf about 
 4C acre*. Dr. toe Talle; land* toe fljjyjcincic were quite email, rangix^. frtoi 5 
 to 40 acree, vnile on tte mesa laae tin Acldia^c ma Crv* coetAi^g like BO to 
 acrec. Tbe lev lane vac varth abcat |1CG per acre even vitteat tae ftre*- 
 -. cf irri^aticr by tne dietrict plan, and tae apper IvM. cf vnicfa there 
 aboat 15,000 or 2C,DOC acres, vac caitatle uolj for ^rain raiding 
 be irrigacted. e*d vac varCb cjvjvt fS per cere, ihe whole e. -. 
 
 t eitrac nd.t crcftvrtliiMi if it evald fceve been irrigated, acd irri^atioxi 
 *culd Iwm ixeraaced Hv) TeJtae of ttae IcjcJ ncac/f eld. TCere vac a very ill 
 1 1 1 Igplai at that tiaa. anfeaUj 25C acree. 
 
000, 
 
 - 1681 ,V 
 
 Ilacia oiil io Jaerasvon' B x 3 ' beJ-utfa ar I 
 
 ioJ ^.i^u'-iai bae Joii-'eii) B sniimol <i t>l*;oo 
 . bl .11 dBflSTonx oit;o iioxri* Bbitel 
 
 s - V 
 
 .3 . i? slew b*Ja8Tt>JfL: aierU-J .laeititLu . a . ! 
 oJ" aoi ./lot* a '^asv JL d"id'e eii^ -^cil aw 
 
 - ^o rijot'o'i-wio ylSstiot'-i . aansqxs lo 
 ;ji ittx* ijad-j-ni.jjcio noiJir-ioqqo adT . 
 
 .ea.iv diij- ni beg^gftai asw rioiuw 
 . /c on* 
 
 teal llel oriw ST 
 
 \Iqcua T&J-JBW B siwoea 
 
 r 
 
 9.1.* ni itbol ddT 
 i .a'V oms taoneqS 
 no Iciij-axb 
 
 j runiti* i - 
 
 jr. ,.1-ujneU . 
 
 i J-oew jon bib 
 
 J-ori fi^uorU- ,iIfioBj- 8J3* bfu> JoJciJ-axb ortf ni bnsl lo j-nuooiB aaiaJt fl 
 : 'to albaim eitt rti aew snaijU'J'I snJ 1 lo ytioqoiq saT .J'oii^iib srij- ot basoqqo 
 sal .*x moil oeauloxa sa" Ilev .eiolsTOii^ ,j-on blocs bne i'oiiwsxb b9soqo^q 
 
 erfj- ao j-fly o* beioveabna s.i 
 
 j lo ^noiis ae,r^iJ B 
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 5 EOT .ni , XLane 
 
 03 moil ii 
 
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 V 8iaiir riaxnw lo ,bcl -jeqqtj 
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 ja 'n 
 
 ? isitus'S bflun nn JB yd bal 8^w nox^xaoqqo 
 ,bJBolb ,8ioJonjLb lo bteod Jaixl 
 nx a^nxblodbrml to esia a^Bieva sflT 
 anciaxvxfa 8ni- abrtel x'8lL5V aril 1 flO . SSTOB 0* 
 odJ OOB! juaara ttttf no sliii* ,saro Ot o^ 
 001$ Xuoz* .id"io* B.BW boI wol 8iiT .88T3B Jdl 
 brte t aalq J-oxiJBxb sal \cf noxJfl^xini lo J 
 BJBW ,8dTOJS 000 4 OS 10 000,51 
 tuods iiJ-iov a** oiia .bsJ'^ai'ni ad 
 naeJ svjd bljjoo tl Ix noxjsuboiq 
 lo 
 
 , 
 
 j 
 
(2) 
 
 The district wae organized December 7, 1891 , after a number of protests 
 for exclueion of lands from the district had been granted. There was a heavy 
 
 vote against organization. The district as organized included 44, COG acres of 
 which practically all wae irrigable from the proposed source of supply. There 
 
 was no town property . 
 
 v L.-B..-V .-ufuf*c ts -:-iRe toy t-vKp.e V* 
 
 The district employed James D. Schuyler to investigate the feasibility 
 
 of the plan to bring water from loreno Valley on Cottonwood Creek. ; r. Schuyler 
 
 ier^d tc x:' 
 
 prepared plans providing for a large storage dam at that point, which would 
 
 if built to a height of 12C feet, cost 4350,000 and store 14,150 acre feet of 
 
 c . 
 
 water. From the dam the water was to be carried in a cement linec canal 25 
 
 . y Ve r/ tr.fr 'irr --.tr* t_r. ". i' ,-' :. F .rol.iCC'tv 4 itf-CJt 1ii 
 
 miles to Ronnie's Pass; thence in a natural channel about 4 miles to the head 
 
 of Jamul conduit; thence through Jamul conduit (cement lined) 10.5 milee to 
 
 .t ;..-<; e,-.i> . ... . v,-.- a^v^j.. ? 
 
 Fiunnit near Jamul school house; thence in natural creek channel 2.5 miles; 
 thence in cement lined canal, to the boundary of the district, 6 milee; a total 
 distance of 46 miles. The cost of the distribution system was fixed by Mr. . 
 Schuyler at |5 per acre or 220,000 and he estimated that by building the dam 
 
 only to the 120 foot level as stated, "and by limiting the lining of the canal 
 -ict ' 
 
 to the barest necessities, the cost of the whole might be kept within $1 ,200,000". 
 It eeems certain that there was a sufficient water supply available from the water- 
 shed above the dam to supply the amount required. The directors made appropria- 
 tions on the stream. 
 
 The cost of the system as estimated by Mr. Schuyler was far greater 
 .'itm th ccaetnt of tr* vc*?3. '.u*r* **r< a. : 
 
 than had been anticipated by the people of the district and when the bond election 
 was held, xany of those who had favored the organization of the district were 
 
 . 
 
 against the bonds. It was felt that the expense was greater than the district 
 could bear and that it was unwise to create such a large bonded indebtedness. 
 The bonds vere defeated. 
 
 ; t .- dtri<:i 
 
.. .; *._- 
 
 ! :o nois^.c^s ist 
 
 xvzf en 
 
 . . rrixraiJ I 
 
 c-* _S^TJ :c as-lt( aaJ lo 
 
 f ssli- 
 in1 io 
 
 : -*li_ d. i - --:-- IrrrJ-c .t^ atufcxr ;a^roa ^ec-. : - Iisrjw T.--J- ij 
 
 * ;sI^s 6 .-:--_.... ^ _r lo --.. ;.T^:: 2l :. 
 T .i . r .. . iv x*j i-ra naxrt"iiir*^s &;* Sc ^ 
 
 = r v. i .; ;JW i*r;c_^ a oac .1$ ic ns IM; 5y ,*^ t*I . 
 
 tc 
 ;. .-i vi ci^ii:-. .ic^ o* Se J2; *i/ .aaijis^irsfea ?evis- so- 
 
 -.5-. . r-r r.'itui 2 %* r:ol .-.--_* a^.^ -23 ao 
 
 eir evaia i 
 t;ir ae 
 
 c slffcs-r CcU -.i - : rer^:^.- .TJT 2ei i*.: as?v 
 ana* ;i_-^aii a*a lo acir^ lina^-. c .- ^-:c .. 1 or- esw 2c^r "ic xa*-"- .*>- ^ " 
 
 utg ma*?*.* ^tr Xso* /Il SJHI .-_ . ^ac: i._r ;. 
 vl s. -isi3 *rfina cc si^irs* aev ,-: *JEA^ aac 139^ -L -. 
 
 itHT 830: 
 
itr. '.:.=-. -.-:*.<. --.'. :: -...- ::.-.:: H PBCsjSJ i ":-..-=.'- tfkai tfi 
 
 whieb the district had been organized could not be attainec and a ameaawt for 
 disorganization began. Jvew directors had teen elected at the tend electiec six 
 they had, before election, agreed that they would give their eerricee free of 
 charge to wind up the district. This roard refused to take any siepe to 
 ascertain the value of the property acquired by the district ETJC tbe Moreno 
 da eite was acandcned. Tbey eaifl thai they cad bees elected tc kill thw 
 district and "by God'e help* they would kill it. T^ey did not want tbe properly. 
 Haalfod Worthing was president of the board and it vss represented by hlji and 
 by the other directors that if aa aeeeeeaent could be collected without the 
 expenses incident to a foraal legal aeeeeesent, tbe liabilitieE of the dietrict 
 could be net by a pagment of IS ceate per acre. Just we at azaouat was collected 
 onder this plan is not known, for a* accouati% was rendered. A wait was brought 
 against lesley Perry, fco wae the collector of too district, charging fete with 
 ea&exzleoent of f undo aBoanting to |516 .61 . Ihether OP not this repreeente the 
 MHimt collected is not known, but it ie certain that the drtto of tte district 
 were not paid and the belief exists aaong wany in the district the cirector* . 
 appropriated the aoaey to their ova use . 
 
 Itoe district hac several suite to restrain the sale of property for 
 -.axes and to recover kack tsxee paid oa llajjad ^^T^fpl aeeeeemeate , ; in eae or 
 two of *hich cases the dietrict was beaten on that ground that the levy was aade 
 vithcut the consent of the voters. Ham was also the case of Harry v. Ctay 
 Irrigation district which was in the nature of an answer to the action charging 
 esbexslenent referred to above . Perry rlsriuaad he had the right to withhold tee 
 jbount due hi for salary froai the aaouat collected by hajsi, but the Supreae Court 
 denied hia such a right. 
 
 The outstanding debts of the dietrict having outlawed, it was 
 proposed to dtaWgnsi ie the district and apetition for cicorganiz&tioa 
 
le *jgai9b erf* 
 
 *i-idmevoffi B bras O8a.ce***' ed ton blwoa beslrtB^no nsed b*ii loiiJ-sib art* doxriw 
 ]>m' noxcroela onci dri* *fi i>3*ools nea^ bed Biodoeixfa wsi .oflgad 
 
 to Q-s-il aasxvTes 'xxarij svx3 bitto* Y*^ tw baai^s .aoid-sols eiolscf ,bfiii 
 
 & 
 
 Ow baioeXe nasjci o;:a xsiii- J-ml oijaa x*rfT . baftoboscf* atew ai'is aieb 
 iij- i-rf^*- *on iiib \9fiT .li llii blyow ^erij- "qlea s'bcD \cf" fcrtJB 
 bos cud \d b^dae?9^q8l at-.v j-i be. b-u?od siid 1 ^o i-nabisaiq saw grtirU-ioW 
 
 bs-oalloo &d bluoo ^aacmessftB a li J-uiit aioJ-oeiib Tan^o etij Y^ 
 Qiifr .^ndmaadaa* legal Xeimo^ e oJ Insoionx aaensqxa 
 . OTOB neq sJrieo 21 lo J-n-d^Y* 1 ? fl \$ ^ aat ^ bluoo 
 
 afc ^ite A . baTabnai SBW ji;Jmfooo on no! ( nwoiui ^on ai oelq sirii 
 w raid gciij-Leris ,^3ii?:xb ahj 1 io lotoallos an^ aaw oti , 
 
 10 is.-ij-aa,. . Ic.EI| o^ gftx^isuoauB sbnif'i to 
 lo a*db ai* J-Bti* nie^iao i *1 *L ; J ^nwonjJ Ion ax 
 3*io*09ixo ea* *ox*x*exb an* nx Y" 8 " 5 snoma aj-^lxa Isxloo" ertj- bojs bJLeq *on aisw 
 
 . 34f awo ix9ri* o* 
 
 nol Y*' I9 Q " I( ? ^ alea eri* nx-BiJeaT o* a*iu8 lBTyoa bJsi 
 
 jo eo nx ; , a*ftaneaeeB Ls^allx bsa*- 1 ^* no ^^ aaxa* Jiaad TESWOOST o* bnfi 
 a>iv? -^rail axi* jBftf biiuo'i:} aii* ao neJB3d SB* *oii*3Xb ett* aoaao doiii* lo 
 .v Y* 1 '^ * S8fl2 ^ JEj! ej5 * eieiiT .i*ov ti* lo *ns8noo eri* 
 noxJ'Of aaJ" o* nawarua r.j lo eiuj^-ii so* nx 9w aox,iw * oil* lid 
 j oXotui*xvr o* jii^xi e4* ou i ea baajxlo vrns*! . avods o* b&iialoi 
 
 ;u3 sh* *wd ,fxa \d faa*oollca *m/cnua Oil* moil ifusJL&a lol tnld 
 
 .J-itgxi riotrs axn isxnab 
 j-oJnj-axi) wit lo 3*ub d niaAr."uo 9iiT 
 ^oxJ'xJ'tjqB bflj> *.oxt^sxb eii* 85xn3*xoaxb o* baaoqoiq 
 
(4) 
 
 presented to the Superior Court. The creditors, however, presented a petition 
 asking that the district be not allowed to disorganize , on the ground that 
 although their claims were barred by the statute of limitations and were no 
 longer good in law, they still constituted claims in equity against the dis- 
 trict. On this ground the petition for disorganization was denied. 
 
 Present conditions within the district are very good. The lower lands 
 are now worth about v3CC and the higher lands not over v25 per acre . About 
 l.COO acres of land are being irrigated from private sources of supply such as 
 pumping plants. Land which has producing lemon orchards sells at over {1,000 
 per acre . There has been no large company supplying water to the district 
 but the farmers have lately been attempting to force the Spreckele company 
 to furnish t&em water. 
 
 weru gi-crjs eauiy trasie of tfe vs :?% .:-/*- 
 
 Ta* year* tf*i& 1687 -,C' o90 x: i nd 
 
 
 
 
V 1 
 
 ra^r ilx^* fV ,sl oi ocs-. 
 ^r^-i; i:l -tcifi^ 
 
 ^r 
 
 
 

 Loe Angeles County - Organized February 3, 1690 - Area 50,000 acres. 
 
 Tbe novecent for the formation of an irrigation cisirict at Paladale 
 vac etarted fcy tee resident landowners of the dietrict. There vae said to be 
 a good reservoir site available and the settlers felt that the only vsy open 
 to them by vhic& they could take advantage of the site to secure a rater supply 
 was to fora a district and secure the necessary psney by the sale cf tonoe. 
 The organizers sees to have been honeet in their intentions. 
 
 The land vithin the proposed district vas held in hoBeetead tracts 
 of 160 acres. Every alternate section was owned by the Southern Pacific R. R. 
 Co., and it vas the only very large owner. ttear the town of Falndale tnere 
 were a good sany tracts of ten to forty acres each. 
 
 u ffee years from 1887 to 1890 had been years of abundant rainfall and 
 the settlers had planted deciduous fruit trees and alfalfa and had et with 
 good success. Land vas selling as high as (50 per acre although tne average 
 price vas about $25 per acre. It is said t&at about 400 acres were being irri- 
 gated at that time, probably by the Paladale Irrigation Gampuay vhich naa 
 existed prior to the formation of the district and eostieuec tc supply eat 
 vater for a tine after t&e abandonment of tae district. 
 
 Tne ciEtrict as organized i'etr-iarv 3, 169C, included 50,000 acres, all 
 of vhich vas irrigable if vater could sjjrii B ^fjcfJl%rtod . Tee land is veil 
 suited, lite tr.at in the Little Roc* district, for alfalfa, ana pears. 
 
 It vac proposed tc bring vater fros Little Rock Creek to be stc. 
 in a reservoir to be constructed in the foothills just couth of Palacale . A 
 filing of 0,000 Diners' inches mas aad An Little Rock Creek, July 23, 1,90, 
 and Aicargoza Creek vas filed on for a like amount on July 5, 1B9C. ifce OKBoer 
 flov of thm creeks is very snail but the flood flov of Little Rock Creek is 
 

 
 .3610* 000,03 
 
 ^ 
 
 aoj 
 
 ju Jsx-jJ-axb fsci;ft:&iTii HB to noitaftrto i sad iol J- 
 o- bxaa a,/ eieriT . j-ox-ijsxfa eal 'io aierswG.mBl 
 
 y^w Y-^"" Qrfj ^^ *tet ai-slJ-J-ss sriJ 1 boB el3'jBliVB 
 iejw JB aiyoe^ o- a*ia ertt :o 98^ivb e^rd' blwoo 
 . sbnod to loe 
 
 .J3 . 
 
 ^Wii ni 
 
 lo . 
 
 LL^'tnif't JTI; 
 
 Ttc 
 
 \TBuaooen arfl eiuaaa bn* 
 i nxsri* ni ^300ii rseed svi^i ol iceB 
 a*w ^aii^aib baeoqoiq srij- axxiJ-iw fa.ial 
 ^ bonwo 8*w Boiioee d'j;<n3i)-Ls \nev3 . 
 icsH . tenwc egisl 'fiov ^Ino <!> BJBW 
 
 aeios x-*" 10 ^ 
 sad oad 0661 
 
 9 At \6 be4-i,rs 
 liovae?.*-: 0003 a 
 rfoiriw tf werii- e* 
 ratol oJ 1 BJBW 
 ariT 
 
 031 lo 
 bJB 4 ,oO 
 
 00^ 
 
 S6I ajotl BOBQY 
 aooubioao ba^nelq a*ri 
 
 Ofii a/? riyirf as yilllsa SAW bcoaj .assaoua 
 biaa si J"! .8*10.8 isq 22^ J-uocfa afew 
 
 1 -! iiJ- y- \;I^B 
 
 .ioo faas joi^oio eftf lo noxj/mol 8hJ 
 .J-oin^aib eiit lo JnsranobajBdB &.t^ 
 .l ,0081 ,S -oL'iaa'' aesiae-^o 8 
 llv.- ai onxi nT .b*ai^do nsea &v&d bluoo leJ 1 ** li 
 
 .atcaq bru-- 4 *lI*ilB nol .^oitrei,: isofl alJ-J-iJ rtt ax 
 
 oJ ioen'j aooH aliJiJ tsoil ied f J9W gftxtd o* fasaoqoiq sjsw Jl 
 lo dtuos tou'i alliiWool enj- nx beyoui^enoo 90 oJ 
 
 a 000,02 lo 
 
 03J5TSV;- orii 
 -1-iis. gnxad )! 
 
 baa 
 8R03 
 
 ILB , 
 
 000, 02 
 
 tetit 
 toiiq 
 
 * 10 1 
 eriT 
 
 arw doirfw lo 
 
 8xl 
 
 a nx 
 
 1 ,i 
 
 sb^.-n a.v* aanonx 
 
 9ii7 .OCei ,2S \lu\. no J-auoma aixX JB 'iol BO balxl BJSW ^e-xO 
 
 bae 
 
 ., well oooll aaj- ji.j L..,a 
 
 -i axaeis eaaiiJ lo 
 
(2) 
 
 said to be very heary and by storage a large quantity of water might be secured, 
 Thsdistrict made a cut in the gravel wash of Amargoza Creek to ascertain the 
 quantity of water flowing underneath the surface* Several holes were also made 
 in the mountainside in a search for water. These werw fruitless. The main 
 plan, however, was the diversion of water from Little Rock Creek and they made 
 a ditch about a half mile in length. 
 
 The amount of bonds voted August 5, 1890 was $175,000. None of 
 theee bonds were issued, the work done for the district being paid in warrants. 
 These warrants have never been paid, and those in whose poeeeeeicn they vere 
 at the time of the dissolution of the district, lost their money. 
 
 The district was prevented from continuing its work of development 
 by the opposition of the parties interested in the East Palmdale Irrigation 
 Company, which was organized to cover lands about two mi}es east of Palmdale 
 and which claimed water from Little Rock Creek. These parties employed Louis 
 Luckel of Los Angeles as tneir attorney and contested the legality of the 
 organization of the district when the directors applied for confirmation of the 
 bonds . There were also a number of settlers within the district who were 
 anxious to have tue district destroyed and the contest was made in their name. 
 The point raised was that the petition for organization was not signed by fifty 
 freeholders. The organizers of tr.e district had not thought it necessary that 
 a signer should hold his land in fee simple and those who had filed on govern- 
 ment land and had not yet received title were considered ae freeholders. Judge 
 J. W. VcKinley decided (July 10, 1891) that the petition had not contained the 
 proper number of signers and declared the district never legally organized. The 
 district appealed from the judgment and the case was dismissed by tne Supreme 
 Court in the case entitled Palmdale Irrigation District v. Erdman Rathke , et al , 
 91 Cal. 538. 
 

 .ij- ai -rt 
 
 *s;.": air. 1<I zJi'- ".-- lo noisisvic ;wr 3B , :*-: <roa , 
 
 -it _,. _eO J-CX-Uel:. a.- 
 
 
 s Ic ino ari 
 
 :c se 
 i-aiorsi^ 
 
 rrxl <=I* : ^- oj3T*-i ssiJTj*q 9rr la nsi^i .iocrjo eni yxf 
 
 ! Ic J"i5 -3 -'&Z-L' . v ier .-^.-.j aaoei iecs oJ a: : SLS asirfw , 
 
 1 i.^ _ = .&a..JC3 C-U ^eH10?2 lib - Uc '. -: J , .^ S0j lO . 
 
 nci, ii.-*. ;.:c; 10! _ zics&en^i *^j .-.& rsrt^sic or ic ncij.-:s-. 
 
 ^j .3 aei 
 
 a.i . ,^n;2Xfl 3 ..- lo 
 
 fid S&Lil Cfc.. 00* S3C^.- SO? 0iC2X3 3*v Ol 
 
 
 Cli.2..^ -v-v.- 
 
 . i. -c.-Sj-i. =- 
 
 tevut 
 
 nft HITT e9 s 
 
 .01 xirL 
 
 3*c oaf -ij.n_,-i lo -. 
 agBff^ &r acnl 0*^-3- -- 
 
 
 > It 
 
(3) 
 
 The district was in existence for such a short time that it &ad but 
 little effect on the prosperity of the community. The indebtedness incurred 
 was not very large and the loss fell on those who held warrants . After the 
 dissolution of the district, the Palmdale Irrigation Company developed the 
 reservoir site proposed for the district and water was delivered for several 
 
 , - * 11 ; -r.C .*'-* *-.::. ^ ? C 5 .;*- f ?<- - 
 
 years. All went well until in the latter part of 1894 Nathan Cole Jr., 
 secured control of the company and under hie management the enterprise did 
 
 not prosper. The dry years which followed eoon after completed the failure of 
 >jjr$ to iapro cewiiiion* rolfcir v- dit.rict &BC; 
 
 the company and the delivery of water ceased. Nearly everyone moved away from 
 
 the district so that now there are but a handful of people living in the 
 
 ell s\*.:ci:_, "... i# zt ^i~: i --. , ,n. 
 
 neighborhood of Palmdale where formerly there was a prosperous little community. 
 No irrigation ie practiced now. Yt'ater is pumped from a depth of 245 feet by 
 one party for domestic use but no attempt has been made of late years to develop 
 
 *' .1- ."-' j... . ^*i 
 
 water for irrigation. Land is worth little or nothing; in fact, one of the men 
 who had been prominent in the organization of the district said that he mould 
 
 _.:...'. - fi '**'. V % ' ' - ': . 3 i^ -- i 
 
 cot accept land there now as a gift. It is said that Nathan Cole Jr., has been 
 recently making some movee towards repairing the reservoir and supply ditch, but 
 it eeeme doubtful whether much will come of this for it is a project requiring 
 
 a considerable amount of capital . 
 
 ius-j^rtt norU at . Jae. T. lnylor **< til* 
 
 Whether or not the district would have been successful had it been 
 
 , r. - G - - - i * ~ ". ^" * ^ \ > 
 
 allowed to continue its work of development cannot be definitely known. It was 
 dissolved before it had a chance to try itself. 
 
 
tiotia s doi.3 nol aonejaxxo nx 
 
 tsJ-'eOiTX s.iT . xJ-irtuJsraoo 3iC lo x^xieqanc s A* nc lottls eli 
 d Oii-j sae.tf iio IIs'i ssol 3ii b 
 
 i: s*ai lo 
 is ^o'i jutavilsb aew laJ.svr &jt? ioii^aiij eri* icl v'sscqoic e^ia 
 
 riJ-,i K8I lc ^oeq -iej-jsl arid- ai li^ny lia^ Jne 1IA . 
 ed? fn&s&gtmsx sia leb.^i; brtB '{oeo^cc t-i..* lo lotfncc 
 Ic snuLLei iiij a&rclqacc i9-l .100^ bawoiiol lioitT^ &x;av y^b aaT .isqsoic JOB 
 
 r aoti ^sor ca 
 vil SJjcisqso'i. ae* ^i,-ili ^Iiswic^ eiA- elisomlB^ io 
 
 ./Ofl baoi^SJSia si 
 o JU3 esu aijsaoco it.i \Jieq so 
 
 '10 ano t *c/!l rri ; atiinjon ie :Iv^iI atio'-r ai biiej .noifngiiij. tol 18J0W 
 # eu fed? biea ^aJ.^Ieii) eiij io ncx^sioB^io a.ur ni faoniaicnfj nea 5rf oriw 
 V n.-:...i. j^iij ojc3 ai -! . *"ix 3 won &-. e.ij biusl ^qeoo ton 
 brua licvteaai tiv? ^ns.ii^i 8bts*c* JQVOOL eaos ^nixKa \Iw-B80oi 
 q ai Ji -xoi axiir lo araos lliw hour.: ishi-an 
 
 . IfilioBo lo jflwco 
 
 lui jseocL';? nsed avi;n olwow rox'tfaib u*J *on TO 
 
 fi .a*caa x^^^"-^^^ 9 * .'c-fi.x- -j ^a^ncolfvai) 'to snow s^i ei/ax^nos oJ b&voil 
 
 bj;ft Jx eiote-J isvlc 
 
POliONA ORANGE BELT IRRIGATION DISTRICT . 
 Los Angeles County - Organized October 15, 1890 - Area 4,000 acres. 
 
 ic xufe dU-fc" i~ \ 'i, AWCMSI IMS. ft /* i-. "/; i * tJte \ya'.r.' 
 
 The Pomona Orange Belt Irrigation District was organized as a result 
 
 of the desire of owners of land in the vicinity of Lordsburgh to secure irri- 
 
 ;:<s vit: ;y ic <, \t. +_ey 1SS.3 rro4- , . :. tc i;:-,ve -.j** 
 
 gation for their land which was being used for grain raising. Whether any of 
 
 these holders had a purely speculative interest in the formation cannot be 
 
 i . u i 
 definitely known, but there is little doubt that the organization was undertaken 
 
 in an honest desire to improve conditions within the district and introduce 
 an improved method of farming. The land included in the district was agricul- 
 tural land and was all susceptible of irrigation. The value at that time was 
 from (5 to $150 per acre. There seems to have been some opposition to the 
 district on the ground that there was no water available and that no sufficiently 
 definite plan for obtaining it had been proposed. 
 
 The election on organization was held September 20, 1890 and the 
 to v.ftna c&tBfc ruit r-pf!R* to hav teen ir.x* &X4ccaJ frr ,. 
 decision was for organization, the vote standing 40 for organization and 17 
 
 against. The motives animating those who voted against the district seem 
 to have been the belief that there was no proper water supply available. 
 
 The petition for organization stated that the water was to be brought 
 from Thompson Canyon, in the mountains north of Pomona. Jas . T. Taylor was the 
 engineer for the district and at the same time a lancowner in the district and 
 a member of the board of directors . It was estimated that a bond issue of 
 
 Toe v'Ct.e WSS Hfc".iji:8GU* f*>r 3,! r- ; C ": >V v" : f if t~- CRr" v 
 
 $200,000 would be necessary to build canals and works and acquire the necessary 
 property rights and an issue of this amount was voted at an election held 
 December 20, 1890, the vote standing 39 for the bonds and 4 against. A contract 
 was made on April 1891 with P. h. O'Neill and \, . E. O'Neill for the developing 
 and furnishing of water to the district from Thompson Canyon at the rate of (400 
 per miners 1 inch for not less than 50 inches, and $2,000 in bonus were transferred 
 
.T 
 
 .J..V,,/ , ..., - Or;cl < -I T.-'JojoO basxits^iO 
 
 -x'nx eii/3t3 eg ri^tua'abioJ to xlitixoxv tad- nx jitt-i 10 aTaiiwo 10 aiiaao aciJ 
 lo x* iwttetft'/ .a^s-t-st ^-J8^a iol beau gaisd as* cioxriw bn^I i^sriJ- -iol 
 aa J-oaru-o noii*B!To1 srkr i J8T8^fli avij-BLjoeqa x-t e ' iuc i i: 
 
 aii:v iioiwfisxofc^ao 9iU j-^d^ jJi/ca sl^^il ei aieud' .*t/d ,;i;voai 
 jni boe JoJc^axb snj .Tiii^x^ enoiJXflaoa a/oiqcix ot eixaas j-aenoii OB nx 
 aw i'oiijjx.b a.u ax bebuloax biiwl eaT .gnxmiil lo faoiWaa bavoiqici OB 
 j-BriJ 1 JJB et^Isv er.I .noxj-f^x'ni io el Jxlqe^aL'a I IB a*w bnj? bajsl L&IUJ 
 
 ' . . ',' " . "* 
 
 J^ fiol^x-joqqo aizoa nsd dv^ii ot arjaaa aisriT . e-iae iac Ofil^ o 2j 
 OK tout: bae eIc, r lxjsvB iatw on BW g^e.-ij J'Bdl bnuoiy arid- no 
 
 .beaoqonq nasd bjsri j-x gninxjBj-do nol ttelo 
 &6I ,0: 'xedwwqeS blari a noxi'Bsxnas'io o noxJoele eriT 
 
 S. bn^ nclJBSxrt^^io 10! 0^ $aj.bnsS3 BJOV etit ,noxJ-sis^7o tol saw noiaxosb 
 noee ^oiitfaib atii J-anxp,^ jsJ-ov oiiw saoiid 1 ^ax^BCixnuB savxJ-Qfr. eriT . 
 . olijElxsvf? yIqqL-8 iej- t ?w isqoiq on 8# sieri^ J-jinj- IsiJled sri* *iW 
 
 eo oJ- ar idjaw ouj- tscU be^Ja noiJ-jBSXjj^^io -iol noitxd-aq ailT 
 oar a>-# toIyiT .T . aeL .flrtomo*! lo rii"ion anlBJnwon e.ij- ax ,rjOYn0 noaqinorif 
 bns .rox'UBib 6*iJ ax 'iuwobnl a drnxj- smaa saj- jf; ona Jox'iu.'aib 
 
 lo sttaqx bnod s J-f-ri beJsffliJ-se afiw J^I . aiolaetxb to boood enj- lo -ladmsm ^ 
 
 blxt/cf ol \' t38 9 !J n 9< ^ bli;or 000,00;*$ 
 
 nox^oela n* j-^ bsJ-ov aew irujoioB axiij lo ei/eai riB DOB airigxi x 
 ,froj,T;nca A . i-anxigB * b..B aonoo" dd^ 10! 62 gnxonjBJa eJov arij ,0681 ,OS Tacta 
 3<txqol6vb srlJ -xol Ilxoii'O .3 . Ji bos llisW'O .H ."7 a*xw 1981 IxiqA no bj&a 
 
 to ajfii siij J-jj noynflO aoaqmoiiT moil jDioJ-^iD ead- o* TSJB* 'io sniriainiul bxe 
 .- anew a^noti ax ; hne ,donx Qfi nBrt^ asal ton 10! riox 'aisnxm 
 
(2) 
 
 to them as the first payment on account of the agreement . Surveys were made 
 and a plan adopted for a pipeline to conduct the water from Thompson Canyon 
 to the district. In August 1692 a measurement of the water flowing in 
 Thompson Canyon was made and the amount found to be only 5 .46 inches , and 
 the district in iiay 1893 brought a suit against the O'lleills to have them 
 return the bonds transferred and compi. payment of damages for non-performance 
 of their contract, but it did not succeed in securing the return of the bonds. 
 
 The district attempted to sell bonds in 1891 but received bids for 
 only $5400 worth of bonds, so no bonds re sold. 
 
 '..ith the failure to secure water the opposition to the district 
 broke into open protest and numerous suits were brought to restrain the directors 
 from making tax levies. In inarch 1893 C. H. Hanson secured an ir junction 
 against the sale of hie lands for unpaid taxes, the dietrict failing to defend 
 the case. Other similar cases v.ere treated in the same nay. The failure of the 
 district to defend these suite seems to have been intentional for in the director' 
 meeting of lebruary 7, 1893, a motion to authorize the attorney of the district 
 to defend certain tax sale suite was lost. On April 13, 1893 tne directors 
 decided to call a mass meeting at Lordsburg to discuss the proposition of 
 disorganizing the District. The matter seems to have then been allowed to lapse 
 until in 1897 when a petition with 91 signatures was presented to the directors 
 and a special election was held }.'.ay 22, 1897 to vote on the question of dis- 
 organization. The vote was unanimous for abandonment, fifty-one votes being 
 cast. The outstanding debts of the district, including the $2,000 worth of 
 bonds issued to the O'Neills were paid and by decree dated October 18, 1897 
 Judge Lucien Shaw of the Superior Court of Los Angeles County declared the 
 district disorganized. 
 
aa 
 r _e-i i*r> sifu ^Si-sacs of ailsj tcl 
 
 ai u.=,-cii -.s.^v 5.u .; 
 
 c ca 03 , 'c.>.c; :? 
 
 i alij-i c-; ^a^iLc^j STS-^ 3.-i.w3 aifc-sasaa aag .awjn .isqo c.'ai aacis 
 
 ^^. ..i .. ttrSI .loi^a a! .5sij^ AW ja^i^ soil 
 
 lo 
 
 ji.* ai isl i&jo^ja*rai assa &/a s^ az*^ Wiws a*AT osslsc c^ ^inj'il 
 ^u io vefna/.^ so? sitfi.-Uwfi a, ^ciCL_. t foi ,"" -T^-i-u's. la ^ai^sa 
 
 ao C3 cf ?i . 
 t ,- ..ifii 
 
 fftl . 
 
The aaount expended for various expeneee mac $3283.65 and the 
 activity of the dietrict on the whole may be euaoed up in the statement that 
 it expended $5283.65 ( inducing (2,CCC for the cones issued to the C'lieille 
 
 which the dietrict had to pay) to find out that it could not obtain water. 
 
 *f **"- v _ i?tv rce$r *f V--- "Uxl-.r :.--!. -- iv 'ie : 
 After the district had ceen disorganized the landowi^ers began to 
 
 consider the possibility of securing water by pumping and this has since been 
 done. About 3,000 acres are now being irrigated in the dietrict and citrus 
 fruits are produced. Land is now worth from 30G to (3,000 per acre, according 
 
 to the state of its development. The holdings are now of email tracts of 1C 
 
 -..t*:*. c- ..-.i?rjta w? > r . th*ir ."; icirK witiin tii* .-. i- 
 to 20 acres and the section is exceedingly prosperous. The district exercised 
 
 an unhealthy influence en the cocacunity for a time but tee influence was not 
 very serious. The failure of the district was due entirely to the inability 
 to secure a suitable water supply and had it been possible to obtain such a 
 
 v f ".".- . . . ,." * 
 
 supply the other essentials for a successful dietrict were present. 
 
 
. fan* C3.92i ax- ir aesnsqx* ewoi-uv icl s&bnac - jni;o.:j> 
 
 e^J .ii qu 00*101:3 *d 'you alo.iw $,.\ no Joia-^ii a.il lo x--^ v -i 
 o* zsisavi 3^oa oi 10! 030,5) aaibulorii'i 55. &Si'd^ babnecxs 
 
 . i&ti-t a-esdo Ion olirco -i ^i .i ; JUG bail oi- {^' 
 
 > 
 ol r^-.-j-^ :.....-.. *1 3-iJ L&si.u.j-iO':!./ aaeJ ^e 
 
 aaols asJ aiiiJ ant ^ni ;sii;<5 \-c Tjj3w ^ai-ujoas lo \-xIUia30c; eri^ nsaiaaoo 
 j saj ., odj^iiii d axea .0.1 S*L.; si5s 000, uodA .snob 
 O t t-J 5* )36^ .-oil ajnov *rsa si 
 01 lo 8J"Oi iS llfcJia 1o won ait 3....:ii.-'o.. e.i^ .iridmqoldvaij aji lo 
 
 .'-:_'.j -:*_ daT .euoioqsoiq ^I^aiba^axe *i aciioi a.u toe SSIOB OS oj 
 ion acw 3Oe011ai 9rt^ ^y^' eeuJ iol v. ...... :os adr nc aonsullai ^UlBari.ijj ns 
 
 -Jj33i a.ij o* x-L*" 1 -'^ 38 **! apr tziii^ic siij- lo s'ti/IiiBl erfT .3uoiie 
 a ot e niji^Jo o* ela'ieeor tia*J ;i s/rf ^*te x^cqtr 
 s-:sr vSinjsii) XLIR-.OCCCB r lot 
 
RIALTO IRRIGATION DISTRICT. 
 San Bernardino County - Organized October 13, 1990 - Area 7,20C acres. 
 
 As in the case of the Citrus Belt Irrigation District, the Sesi 
 Tropic Land And "Water Company was the promoter of the Rial to Irrigation Dietrict, 
 This company, of which ex-Governor Merrill of Iowa was head and Bohnbreak ft 
 Kowee of Los Angeles, stockholders, had purchased land in the neighborhood 
 amounting to 30,000 acres. There were few, if any, settlers in the Rial to 
 district at the time of the proposed organization and Merrill deeded sufficient 
 property to various parties conditioned upon their residing within the district 
 long enough to entitle them to sign a petition for the creation of the district 
 and to vote on the bonds . 
 
 The land within the district was worth about V 25 at that tine and 
 was sold in srtall tracts by the Semi Tropic Land and later Company . But little 
 of the land was under cultivation and without irrigation it was only suitable 
 for grain raising, and not very well adapted for that on account of the insuf- 
 ficient rainfall. Of the area included in the district (7200 acres) about 
 1,000 acres was not suited for irrigation on account of the excessively sandy 
 
 ire of the soil. The remainder was splendid land, Tell suited to the growth 
 of citrus fruits . 
 
 Having secured enough residents to vote the district and sign the 
 petition, the district was organized October 13, 1890. The board of directors 
 was naraed and selected in accordance with me wishes of the Semi Tropic Land 
 and Water Company and this coapany went on the bonds furnished by the officers 
 of the district. The legal steps necessary for organization were put in charge 
 of J. W. Craig, son-in-law of Ex-C-overnor Uerrill . 
 
 The water supply for the district was to be obtained from artesian 
 wells in the San Bernardino artesian basin. The proposed supply was owned by 
 

 I -.- .-- -- .-' 
 
 - ^1 .! iei< 
 
 
 s=f 
 
 lf. ^c It 
 
 .-j ;. 
 
 ace 
 
 ' re : 
 
 ...- _ 
 
 liinsto. ha* 
 
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 ni jc Ic ^ciotc^ ao 
 
 - i t 
 
 
 i:^-e si? io 
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 Ic fi 
 
 c^rT ie": auj 
 
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 :c nol -fT- <.,* 
 
 t s,v icl 
 

 the :-ei Tropic Congwny and it was agreed that tee district should ta^ righte 
 to 1,000 Inrhaa if water and pay -w tee saaie in canes at the rate of $500 per 
 inch or 4-50C.OOO for toe 1,000 inches. Teas water was to be securec frcr. 
 ^rart of land known as tie . . 1C acres of tne George Lloyd ranexi, tne title 
 to said land passing to tie district, and was to be pinecl to lie district aad to 
 the highest point of each 2C acre tract ij the company. 
 
 lo pay for tna water and land time agreed to be purcnasec the oistrict 
 voted beads in tee amount of 4500,000 on ;,oveaber 17. 189 C. Py aecree of court 
 of January 3, 1691, the bonds mere declared to be valid. 
 
 On utoFMtoer 22, 1390 the Seoi Tropic Laad and ater Ccoc>any transferred 
 the oain pipe line and a flow of 30C miners' i&cie to -u* oifiricx and 
 reeeiToc io exchange therefor bonds to tee amount cf il5C,DOC. ?r.e cospany 
 soon found that it would not be possible to obtain tie entire water supply of 
 1,000 inches contracted for fron toe Lloyd ranch and they secarec a&u sold to 
 the district a water ri^ht acountiag to 150 inches on t Saynor rsncc 
 (consideration 441,000} and a right to 200 inches froa the i"e reason ranch, some 
 cistaoee north of the Rsynor ranch for which taey received 454,000. Other pay- 
 aeata aggre Bating ; 145, 000 were aace to tie company or to tie assignees cf t&e 
 coapany for on Harcn 22, 1694 the San I'ranciseo Savings Union foreclosed a 
 mortgage held by it on the Send. Tropic Land and Vater Company and liillard it. 
 Sheldon was appc receiver of the Send. Tropic Canaaay. In JleTeber, 1894, 
 
 Sheldon as receiver, Deigned to :;. . Stowell, woe nad coaatructa the pipe 
 lines in the district under contract with the femi Tropic Coo9Bj v *,the ::: 
 ia question. Other parties receiveu 9,000 in bonds for various cocsi;. :ao, 
 
 salting the total amount issued 411.000. It was agreed that ttowell shoulc 
 c^rry on the work and continue the cons true tio.. .pelines on^il ceaplete. 
 
 At the tin* of the failure of the Seasi Tr. .: lame and later Company t i _s- 
 trict found itself in a rather unfortunate pcsitiar :f the Fact .. 
 
(s) 
 
 d-u/ec to 
 
 d-oxi.f-3xb si -^I'&t 8w Ji bnt ^rtpqtroO oxqoiT iin&2 arid- 
 
 lq 00cl| to 9d-i atid" J-.fi Bbnoo ni aaea ei* 10 1 Tjeq fan* 193 m lo aerionJ: 000,1 od- 
 A .Troll beitoea e-i oJ a*?* -isj^v/ axriT . serioni 000,1 bud iol 000,00<i;$ 10 rioru 
 arid" .iioiii'i fa^olj s^ioeD shj ID asiafc 01 .2.3 ertt bw nwcflx, bn&i Ic 
 
 buqjq od od" 8j?w bn ,^2iidsjto eriu oj- ^niasisc Jbit*! bii;e 
 .\rftfajMco 9fij ^d J-ois'i^ eio OS date lo J-njoq J-3QilgjLi1 
 
 d- 0eig* euu^ Ofiel biif lewj.^ ertf icl ^q oT 
 ,0?6I , Tl Tecursvo,, o 000,005^ 'to Jmrotn*; eri^ ai ecnocf bed'ov 
 ad od 1 oai*;loeb snew abnoci eiij ,1661 , v^MfU-t Tto 
 
 oiT ineS aiu 08I ,^ lec'maoeb" 
 silt ci serionj. 'anonim 00 lo woll M\B &n.il QQiq 
 saT .000,061.$ 'to inaoKfs bitf QJ sbnoc! lotyisftj" BgruDuoxa ni 
 
 od alcfxaeoq ed d~0fi blvow ii fpcij bnt'ol noos 
 js'i b^oll o.d noil ^&'i bado^unoo esftooi 000,1 
 00 senonj 021 od- yujrujoee ^rigii Tod^w a- d'oiid'sib 
 i erid 1 moil eerioni OOi od 1 dri^xTt bne (OOO^l^l ncx^- 
 neiii-0 . 000,^0$ bsvisoe-i \efi ritirfw icl noon Tort^sK sad' to dd"ion 
 lo Q8en^j.es futt oJ- TIC ^ojectuioo s/U od- ebjan lew 000,c!M.$ nxd-^oiji < 
 a bseolofiio'i noiU a^niv*'? ooeioinsi'i neS 9iH ^661 SS fion^M no TO! 
 btflli , DOB xaB^C" -:B^/;W fan* bnej oiqoiT imsS eriJ no ji ^ a fals 
 
 ;; al .\cuacttnc3 cxqo'iT xm srij lo 'icvxsoe'j b8vnoqq a^w nobledS 
 
 * 
 
 oiiw ,IIs i f/ojS .W . v! oj- i :.. ,ievj;&oe^ a ctofalatiS 
 
 V . ! ^ , .-._, 
 
 ebncrf siid", xrffQBioO c-iqoitT xmsB eK^ fid-iw i'o^id'noo lebm? ttitj-aib ari^ ni esrdl 
 xenos Bwcxoev iol ebnod ai OOOg bavieoei as^d/iaq lerffO .noid-sat'p ci 
 . Ilewoj? d-^dd- iaei^* e/?w *I f ,000XJtH beweei J-ntom* Id-od- 
 
 liim? esftxleqxq lo . 'jeaco end- euaxjaco one inow diW no 
 
 ~ne2 erf^ to Mwlxjel end- lo aou:3- 
 ^1 f. nx IJsalJ; fan^ol 
 
 lo \Jcqre 
 
 od bioa u 
 
 ,iion/:~ 
 
(3) 
 
 the mains and distributing system were not fully connected. There was no 
 method of getting water from tne source of supply to the distributing system 
 on a large part of the district. Stowell was the owner of a large quantity 
 of bonds wnich he had received from the Semi Tropic Land and water Company 
 for hiw work on the pipe lines and in order to protect himself on these bonds 
 he agreed to go ahead and finish the pipe system and take bonds in payment. 
 
 WiMW't ***' **- 
 
 On their part the directors of the district agreed to pay tne coupons and 
 take care of tne bonds as soon as they should become due. Under this 
 arrangement the works of the district were completed as planned. 
 
 Just what value the district received for its bonds is hard to say. 
 Landowners who are interested in settling the bonds at tne lowest possible 
 rate claim that the value received for the bonds was not over 50 cents on the 
 
 dollar. On the other hand, apparently disinterested parties state that the 
 
 jrif* , - ^-JHU -^ 
 
 district received excellent value both in the way of water rights and works. 
 i?r. Stowell, wno constructed the pipe lines, claims that his charge for the 
 
 work was the same as that made by him for 30 miles of pipe laid before tnat 
 
 wTtn H 
 
 for private parties immediately north of the district, however, that may be, 
 the people within the district have never been willing to return the properties 
 received and thereby cancel the bonds, while Mr. Stowell, now the principal 
 bondholder, claims that he would gladly surrender nis bonds in exchange for 
 
 the works constructed by him. 
 
 .;. : boiatf, I 
 
 Shortly after tne completion of the pipelines by Ttowell and the 
 final payment to him which was made on April 6, 1895, tne district began to 
 default on its interest. The dry years which ensued caused the artesian flow 
 from tne wells of the district to cease and as no funds were available with 
 which to install pumping machinery, the district was threatened with failure 
 of its water supply. T^ie landowners refused to pay assessments and there was 
 no vay in which funds could be raised by tLe district to secure water. The 
 
(8) 
 
 on 
 
 bus 
 
 . bedo&Hrtoo \'XXwl d-o anew uss^e^a aiJjLd-tfdnd-axJu bn/: 
 
 arid' ctf ijlqqtfe lo ts-ujoe ail* soil leta* gn/tfreg lo 
 a lo is two siit as* IIs\ro*8 . d-oi-tfsib arid- lt> *ruec eg** 1 B ne 
 -* &fifi bnsJ oxqe*rT Jte3 d^ nroil bevxeo&i iw.-ii eri rfoir^r sbaocf lo 
 no liearoi.'v foew^oicr od" ibbio oi b eenxl qiq "4" o iiow ifi rto-1 
 ebncJ 93a:ij- bit* meJ-e^s oql(j ertJ- nsinil in* oesiie 02 cj Jb0ei3 eri 
 
 eri? lo e-tttfoeiid eiit *ifiq niarij- nO 
 es ncoe SB abtrod snJ 1 "io 
 
 srt* lo aiiow 
 si autev 
 
 \;q o 
 aihd" labnU . eub ectooarf c 
 
 , bannalq eji beJelqeioo s*iow 
 B oJ- btii ax ebttod 3Ji lot bsvieoei 
 
 eldi'sooq J-sewoI eiiJ 1 ^ nontocf ent gnxJJ'Jos oi csJ-seia^wl ei oriw 
 no a^nso 05 IBVC J^on a*w efaftotf erit icl faeviatyeT stil^v edj- tBfid- mijslo 
 
 '.tifoov bn* a^iiaiT ledfiw lo -^isw erfd- ax rid-od i;lsv jKoIIsoxa tevisobi 
 
 ol asifto slit ^xU anljelo .aenll aqiq eiiJ fceJoirtfwreo cri ,Ilewod-8 *nM 
 e-iolecf bl*I ec:i<. lo aelxsfc iol uslrt x^ ok-sei *fl^ *> ffl*s 9^* *>* ^o* 
 ,ec xwn *iU t ievewoH . d-cl'i^sxfa ilcf lo ili-ion xlsJuxbateax sald-^q Btflvxiq tel 
 srf* ini^sT o* ^nilliw n*cf leven ev*({ Isxi^sib arid' nxruriw feiqcsq 
 arid- von . XlewftJS .iM felifiw , sbflccf erii 1 Xoo ^aieri* t-s 
 ai 8inoi sir. lebneiiire ylbJBla bltrow ri 
 
 10! 
 
 erid- bnjs XXeroJ3' ^tf e&fiilsqxc: 
 
 ,*tsblorib&ocf 
 sinew 
 
 lo HOxteXqmoo 
 
 isil* 
 
 cf 
 
 Ic 
 
 Q-SL r . 
 
 ,eeei ,3 IJticjA no 6b*ffi 3* rfoxdw ' ttirf 
 faeueft* tiolriw 
 eiow ebirtl on "j bo* 
 
 .3 SBW J .Y 
 
 ;3R8* ... ..'ten 
 
 no 
 
 ffJ 
 
 rioxriw 
 to 
 on 
 
orchards in the district began to die and prompt steps were necessary to avert 
 ruin. To meet this situation a mutual company was organized and called the 
 Citizens Land and Water Company of Bloomington (changed in 1907 to the Citizens 
 ",ater Company) which took a lease on all water bearing lands of the district 
 and took over the active management of affairs, handling and distributing the 
 water among the settlers. This company bored more wells, installed pumping 
 machinery and secured a permanent supply of about 300 inches of water. Since 
 that time the company has continued to handle the water system with marked 
 success . 
 
 With the default in the payment of interest in 1895 litigation began. 
 Various suits were brought to secure payment of coupons, and of bonds, or to 
 prevent the claims from outlawing . Suits were also brought to attack the 
 validity of the district, but these were decided in favor of its validity. The 
 most important case, which finally reached the Supreme Court of California, was 
 entitled N. W. Stowell v. Rialto Irrigation District. It was claimed that the 
 
 contract entered into with the Semi Tropic Land and Water Company constituted 
 
 **^A an 
 
 an illegal method of issuing bonds of irrigation district. In the case of 
 
 Hughson v. Crane and in the case of Stimeon v. Allessandro Irrigation District 
 it was decided that bonds could not be given for work as there is no express 
 
 warranty in the act for giving the bonds in payment for construction work. The 
 
 ^ _ 
 
 plaintiff claimed to be an innocent holder, having acquired the bonds before 
 
 maturity for value. The court upheld the validity of the bonds, saying: 
 
 "'.,e think, however, that the contract is not to be construed as calling 
 for tne delivery of bonds in payment of construction work. It provides for the 
 transfer and conveyance t6 the district at different times of specific water 
 rights, together with completed pipelines and right of way to the use and 
 enjoyment of the water rights transferred. The bonds are in each instance, 
 to be issued by the district as the purchase price of the water rights and 
 completed pipelines and systems conveyed to it, and only upon the delivery 
 of a deed conveying sucn property. No construction work was to be done, unaer 
 
 this contract, for the district Y/hat it (the district) did agree to 
 
 do was to purchase certain water rights, together with the pipelines needed 
 for the reception and distribution of the rater, and to pay for such property, 
 
(*) 
 
 anew aqieJB i oii> o$ njsscf Jojhtfaifc arid- ni 
 
 ollto bii* besinxgio aew ^nficproo Leui-un it rrciJ/L-tia aioi" -asm oT 
 iO er.* otf TDSI rti Degfteua) ne-J^nimooia lo ynavKoy 'ist^elj bat brusj 
 lo abttBl gaiiB^cf i&i?w lie nc earel js dool dolriw (xatsqaro 
 
 lo ^nece^aec: vijO erid' TSVC ^ooi- bcus 
 
 bells^snl . sllew enoa boiod ^n^qteoa aidT .B^el^jfe3 eriw gnom/3 *:e^w 
 eonj.2 .nsi'/jw lo aen'nni ')0 Juods "to ^Icfcrtra ^Kerten.Tsc G beiuoae bnB 
 
 boatBffl ii^iw meJaya Telfw en^ elbiten o bsuai^noo ??/>ii \raqmoo aiij eaiii' 
 
 .MtOOX/B 
 
 .rased' noJWr^iiil 5?8I i ^^e-seJ'flJ: lo JnemY^ srfJ'nJ: JX^leb erij 
 at 10 ,ai>nocf lo i>ite .sncquoo lo jrtenVFc artuaee sj JTijjircid artew 
 
 erij Mo^J-j-ii of *ristioir oalfi eisw e^li/2 . gftlwsi^jjc moil arolBlo eri* 
 er(T . x^-t^-t^v 8^-i ^c iov>.1 ni faeblosb eTav eaa^iJ- ud jloitraib en^ lo 
 unr .BimoUIsO lo j-iuu^ 9omcflt)3 srf^ bno8T ij^-t' 6 "'-^ rioiiiw ,oao 
 
 . v IfewoJ-3 
 
 s-. v ^W baa biwj oxqoiT imsa eii? ri^xw o^ni 
 rue 
 
 lo ersao eftj- rsl . d-oxij-axr, rtoiJ-jisxTiX lo con-Co' nxuaax lo bcn^am LsgellJ: rus 
 
 .v nosiKXJS lo eeao siif ni fanr eftsTD .v 
 
 oi.\ ai eiafii- 8>: inow iol itevij- &d ton bluet abnoc Jj-srif fcebxoeb MW 
 eriT .jiiow noi^ot'tw fjrrco lol ^Rwn^Bq ni abnocf Sitf ^nivi^ tol J'oa an,? ni x^ ftr ' 1 ' 
 eiolsd sDftod 9ii^ beTii;po ^niv^ri .lebloii ^neoonni as ad of beaiijelo 
 
 *o Y^^^^V *>& *' ^"IAJOS sx(T .6ifl*v 70! 
 
 RB beu*r?anoo od ot ^on ai J-o^i^nce erfr J-jsrit ,iev9woti ,iniriJ el'/" 
 ^ol ae^iivonq II .iiow noi^ci-'i^ertOD lc Icara^isc ni sbnod lo \;iov/Ieb aril 
 laj-.r- .'/ oxlioaqs to ib J-B , o* eonx\.8vnc2 bws 
 
 eau &dj ol x* 5 *' -'* I ^ >nji 8t - 
 
 , aonr -re .rl .cd orlT . ^rusrtj- a^rigiT 
 
 bn erij lo oinq > ailc*ii?c. or^ BJB *oit^^.. {d betr^i ecf ci 
 
 . -i o^ r. -qiq be^elqmoo 
 
 . ijJieqoiq r.ous lo 
 
 cJ- fts- ........ - ,ro*ni-noo Bin* 
 
 becee. B -.uq o* e>* ob 
 
 -soei arii' iol 
 
when ready for delivery and acceptance, with bonds. V.e think the cones 
 
 valid, even in the hands of the original holders ." Stowell v. Rlalto Irrigation 
 
 District, 155 Cal . 215. (Decided ;.'arch 1909.) 
 
 The existence of a cloud upon the title to property in the district 
 and 40 t;. sfr.U^t * !< *>*''* eMt Mre V 
 
 has been a hindrance to the ready aale of property and for that reason property 
 
 within the district is worth from $150 to $200 less per acre than similar 
 property in the same neighborhood but outside of the district. There have been 
 many negotiations looking to a settlement of theindebtedness but so far these 
 have not been successful. About $200,000 worth of the bonds have been bought 
 up by the Citizens "water Company at prices ranging from 12 to 25 cents on the 
 
 dollar, so that the indebtedness of the district is in effect reduced that 
 -rii* arv-it F its V*lu* tl* , tirt 
 
 much. Of the remaining bonds outstanding (about (211,000), $112,000 are held 
 
 ^* 
 
 by N. W. Stowell. The last attempt at a settlement was made in December 1909. 
 
 It was estimated that toe outstanding bones (not counting those held by the 
 
 . r .-** f -ry year* r*<i--acd rr 
 
 Citizens V,ater Company) amounted to $215,000 (face value) and that the floating 
 
 debt was something like 45, COO, making a total outstanding debt (again 
 
 j**-.-C 
 
 ,"v, ; carry .. ', \<j 911 
 
 excluding the bonds held by the Citizens 'Water Company) of about f260,000. If 
 
 interest were added to this sum the debt would be in the neighborhood of 
 $4CO,OCO. The Citizens Water Company offered to pay the debt as above (face 
 value only) to the a-nount of $260,000 on condition that all the property of the 
 Rialto Irrigation District be transferred to the Citizens Water Company and 
 the district disorganized. This agreement was satisfactory to toe bondholders 
 and to the more prominent landowners of the district but it was defeated when 
 it came to a vote in the district by a vote of 71 to 54. The decision of the 
 people seems to have been influenced by the belief that the bonds could not 
 be collected and that by resistance toe avoidance of the payment might be 
 possible. The decision in the case of Stowell v. Rialto Irrigation District 
 eeer.s to indicate that toe bonds are collectible and it is probable that the 
 bondholders, who refrained from litigation during toe negotiations for settlement, 
 
. eoned i ^aajaJ-qfeoas bru 
 
 iI oJ"lfcifi .v IIbwoJ3 M . siduloa Isnx^xio eitf lo ebneii siiJ nx n&ve , 
 
 rio-ueM bebxoed) . eiS ..CeO 
 
 nariw 
 
 eni nl xJ"iec;Oiq oi oLtis edt isoqu buclo JB lo sa 
 
 no SB em d-Aiii ic'i bft xi-isqoiq 1o else xbse'i erW cj- eonsifanifi * need 
 uslzc^is fiud^ siojc tsq 3801 OOS$ o;T Otl*} ceil iid"iow ei 
 need ev*a siaiiT .Joii^sib ii* lc ai)jce;-uo Jutf booriiocfriaisn anu;s 8fU ni 
 ;-. 1 08 o"ijJ 8E&ncbJ-:.ou'.i-j.i 10 Jri-^elJjee cJ gnj..\ool sociJ^iJ- 
 eaa va eWioo' uitf lo d^now 000,00i JjuodA .lulaeeoore nescf too evii 
 iio ed-neo 5S oJ SI coll ^fug.-un aooxic J- xaeonicO letatf anssiJ-^C e(i)- ^d qu 
 ^jsiitf D8oifbti *sello ni ai Joi-wais en^ lo Ba&nis^o'io<u enj- ;fautt oa 
 bla.i te OOC,SII$ {000,II$ *I/OC{JB) gnibiiflia^vo abcod sttxnijEinei erf* 10 
 
 edmeoea ni obam acw *ntfroll^a3 a fa tqmotja tsfL 9J.1 .IIowoJS .W .H 
 \d olii esoa'd- ani-nifos Jon) ainod anxifteJ ei no ecu? ^ii* beJ-niJ'86 a*w 
 gtti- boc (eulv 
 tds'o yji 
 
 .000,OdS$ *wod* lo 
 'to boetiioddgxsn 
 
 ' 8* 
 
 lo \i-iqoiq 3ii<r 
 blue xauqcroO ie*ja* 
 ;..- o- v 
 BJBV ^ 
 * to aoisxoeb iT . *5 os IY '10 
 
 J ertj 4-iiJ lollacf ri* \: baonstllni need 
 
 nc OOC,OS3 
 
 eri* 
 
 lud 
 
 afaood 9d 
 ad bluow -aac erij OUJB aid; cj bebixe siew 
 
 .000,00^1 
 at/JJev 
 oJ"Isx 
 axb ertf 
 oJ- faae 
 eruio Jx 
 elqosq 
 bs^osJIos eo" 
 
 siit oJ 
 
 e/-v/ 
 
 . bssla^gioeib 
 le aiecwobnal Jn*nxm<nq ion 
 
 j-r.j R .v XIowoJ?4 lo 68*0 erii 1 nx ; 
 
 rillco 6-us 
 
 
 v , aiebloribnod 
 
(6) 
 
 will now press their claims. It is probable that a settlement of the debt 
 
 . 
 would bring about an immediate increase in land values of at least $1CO per acre 
 
 and as the settlement proposed would have cost only about 36 per acre, it 
 
 i*?3 .V.'i ifi'K t 
 
 seemed to many to be the wisest move possible. 
 
 cover 1400 acras -' & own*<i trj C. 0. Per rin , 
 
 Unimproved land in the district with a water right, is now worth 
 
 about (25C per acre. About 2500 acres of land are now bein^ irrigated in 
 ii.-j -t-,.f v" -H *f irrl^'-tion if *^-tr ciu'.o w securer 1st it- !: 
 
 the district. 
 
 irri,..* ,i3S * ..-, .1 n-na ag 3, re*-*: Itnc v. .;. i .-.; v&l^e .3 a.out 
 
 Although the district was purely a promotion scheme and the land was 
 sold for the sum of $200 per acre by the Semi Tropic Land and Viater Company, 
 a price about eight times its value at that time, the project on the whole has 
 
 been successful. The failure of the district itself was due to the inability 
 
 , ? 
 to raise the additional sums necessary to secure additional water supply when 
 
 a series of dry years reduced the amount available from the original source . 
 
 The fact that the mutual company was able to take up the work of the district 
 tre fl*w aiainished to About 2 inch* . . c. L*M* w* the cn^i.' 
 
 and carry it on successfully and to offer at the present time to pay the debts 
 
 of the district in cash, shows that the project in itself was feasible and has 
 
 been successful. The failure was in the operation of the district machinery. 
 '.'xas a&c no part of Vie <v'. %000 ;-oi..; th* : . *6fj cVf . 
 
 \9 give IB p'<r.st;.or.e jrwer u. uisiri- :>.; -.:.- . a. T/J 
 
 by ass^ee'.c-' ;.. 
 
 .: tt-.o vit/> it- i.^e-/ f . ... ..v or ,s 
 
 Aacdpud the situ-r.it.B. Land witaxfi v.. t ..-.= -..-i.*-. ,t aev vsn 
 
 , :. v*r ric v -^ . sssli fcy 2 
 
(3) 
 
 *ij lc JaaesLM-aa * tedi *Ia'fidciq si *I .Mujslo -jieiij Beyiq won lliw 
 
 i-io.fi -ifctq 301$ jacei JB 'to asul^v boel nx eeasnonx e-jjEXbsffisu. na tuoda ^fix-id bluow 
 
 'aoo &vjati cluow beeoqoiq 
 
 elcfiaaoq avoar ^aeaiw eiU oJ 
 c* -*on ai (Jagii isJ->;w B ri*iw J-oii^aib ertf ni fane I 
 
 lo a^noc 008S *todA . eto* 
 
 aew i.op.1 arid" one acisuse noxjor-ioic- ^letuq s; ; w joi-rtexb &dt 
 
 , XrueuaoO rreJatf boe brusj oxqoiT iuieS and Y C ' sic** "taq OviJf to mi- 8 edj- iol fcloe 
 BJBii eloaw erij 1 tto loeioTq an^ ,oe.x^ ^il^ t& ai/Xev aJ'i eefiix^ ^ri'-xe oL'Ods SOXTC A 
 
 X^Jtlxajsni 8ti^ oj- aub 3/.w lleajx JoxtJsib eat to Qiulijsl en? . lulaeeooua neeu^ 
 
 ' . . 
 xbO eijuoen oi ^tEassoafl emye I*nox^ibb aa^ Qsi.fi of 
 
 3 Icnx^xTC aoj' /notl elJ'jglxcvf J-i;cJU sdJ- beoubei BT^S^ ^i^ ^ sexier B 
 
 w 
 
 D oiV lo XTOW aiij qu eijb^ od 1 ald^* sjs?w -{nsqinoo leuJum eriJ ^i?xi2 fsf.1 eriT 
 oiid 1 Y^f! ^ SBIX^ wTie^sic eiij J"JE le^to o^ bftE YllulsssoowB no ^x Y**' 1 - 6 ^ onu 
 brw aXoiaiis't B/^W llea,;x nx d"06toiQ eiiJ IjudJ' eworia t rises iti tsiii'sj.b Qdi lo 
 
 lo nox^Tsqc ertt nl a&w eiuliel erfT . lu'taaeooye nasd 
 
RIVERSIDE HEIGHTS IRRIGATION DISTRICT. 
 Riverside County - Organized 1891 - Area 1400 acres. 
 
 The Riverside Height* Irrigation District was organized in 1890 to 
 cover 14CC acres of land, of wnich about one half was owned by C. 0. Perrine , 
 and the remainder by various parties in tracts of about 100 acres each. The 
 land was all susceptible of irrigation if water could be secured for it. Ho 
 irrigation was being practiced and as grain land the actual value was about 
 .-..5 per acre. The land was held at about vlOO per acre. The landowners were all 
 in favor of the move and worked together throughout. 
 
 The district planned to develop water by tunneling and in pursuance of 
 this plan a tunnel 15CO feet long was run into the mountainside at a cost of 
 1 15, CCO. A strange thing in this connection was that when the tunnel was only 
 48 feet oeep a flow of 28 miners' inches was secured, tut as it was maae deeper 
 the flow diminished to about 2 inches. Edward . Lownes was the engineer for 
 the district and Langworth was the contractor. About $3,000 was spent in 
 surveying and engineering work. The expenses of the district were all met by 
 taxes and no part of the 4300,000 bonds voted by the district were ever issued. 
 ' nen it was found that the tunnel would not furnish a water supply, it was thought 
 best to give up operations under the district and this was done. The debts were 
 paid by assessment and notning has been done under the district since 1894. 
 
 The district seems to have been managed in a very capable manner. It 
 had no litigation and there was no friction between the various landowners 
 connected with it They found tuat they had expended money on a false hope and 
 quietly accepted the situation. Land within the district is now worth about 
 $25 per acre except for 15 acres wnich are irrigated from a well by pumping 
 and are worth about 4400 per acre. 
 
 ' -.- : V.* 
 
Lilr./.! 2T.-JPJ..-:.-. 3Ji.3f.jVIh 
 
 ii 
 
 J.'I ri. : v-ir to 
 
 o .> r i id jo'.i.Cc'r. 
 
 Ll. I*u. v ;>- a*i; anil iT-.f 
 
 1C 
 
 iix io s.[- 
 
 JLs 
 
 Ifr 
 
 r = ll s 
 
 r.; ncl 
 .-.:.; -i--r 
 
 q .u oae ^r 
 lo J-300 i> r 
 
 10 i 
 
 jiu &.OE: ?.; ic TC 
 aJ<. v qola/si o JJ&IJOIE.IL, .&!-.' 310 t-riT 
 OJAO. OLT -ijsY.- gnol J-e&t O'cl lt;.ui... r:. Lc 
 
 i^j- ajntija / 
 ^ Ic 
 cc 
 
 J aru 
 
 lie siew Joi-s^sio s.J lo 3i8r:<i 
 .bowaei T&ve ane* jaxuazc 00^,006? aaJ- Ic .--i^i 
 
 8# jx .xlqqjJB i&Jfw ueimL-i JOA -Ire.- la.inuJ- Cu* ,>-nj ^.u ; 
 819* a^defi exiT . anci; e. ai.ij ooe ^ox-uaia a.tf ie^ni: enoil^Tc-qo ci -vo._ oj . 
 
 .^681 eonxs joxi^axu acJ" TJjni. ^noo need s^i. - O n.:3on bnx ^ii9r;.8?sa: 
 ?I .lanrtBm eluBq*;; ^iav js ax be^ruuc nsea 9v>a cj- across J-oiiJ-exti OitT 
 
 aieflwoDiW:! ct?oxTV an* noswje- noxfax-il 0:1 ap* eis.iJ aius aoxjj ^ij-j-I o,-: 
 fane aqori ael>l no veno^ ooonac.xe ofc. \sa^ jx-..;j- bnfol ^euT -li . j j. / o^j-^ 
 ^tioo'js rijiow won ax Jox-steJtfa aai niti*;// na^J .noi-j^i^xs sof osju 
 
 -<JTjyq X-* 
 
 . UilCfi cl TO I JC>C,,c '. i '1C. 
 
 .i-iox- leq 00*$ auow" .iliow t. 
 
SAN J AC INTO AND PLEASANT VALLEY IRRIGATION DISTRICT. 
 Riverside County - Organized August 3, 1891 - Area 18,000 acres. 
 
 In the early part of tne year 1891 F. T. Lindenberger of Winchester 
 and J. T. Porteous of San Jac into launched a movement for tne formation of an 
 irrigation district unaer the Bright law, which was to cover about 30,000 acres. 
 The landowners of the proposed district tnought well of the plan and tne dis- 
 trict was declared organized .August 3, 1891, the vote having been 56 for 
 organization and 4 against. During the preliminary steps leading up to tne 
 formation the Ferris Irrigation District took in some of the land wnich was to 
 have been included in the &an Jacinto and Pleasant Valley district so that the 
 latter was organized with an area of only 18,000 acres. Of this area some 6,000 
 acres are eaid to te alkali land so that of first class land tnere was only an 
 area of about 12,000 acres. The holdings ranged from 10 to 500 acres. Grain, 
 alfalfa, fruit and potatoes were raised and the assessed valuation of tne land 
 was from |5 to $40 per acre. 'Jo irrigation was practiced at that time. 
 
 The district voted (350,000 bonds and these were confirmed by the 
 Superior Court of $an Diego County on June 23, 1892. J. A. Green purchased 
 (58,750 in bonds and P. L. Griffin $6,000, for cash at 90 cents on the dollar. 
 To acquire water rights the district exchanged |112,500 in bonds for 14,800 
 shares of the capital stock of the Florida Water Company, which owned the water 
 in the North Fork of the San Jacinto River and in Strawberry Creek, and $48,000 
 in bones were transferred to the San Jacinto Valley Water Company for water 
 rights. The total amount disposed of was $225,250. What is known as the Griffin 
 Cienega, a body of land of about 40 acres on which the water seeped to the 
 surface, was among the property thus acquired. 
 
 With the cash received from the sale of bonds tue district at once 
 began construction work. George Llanuel, of i'resno, was the engineer for the 
 
iEj T^IJAV r.i*3A&i5 gift OTMIOAI HAS 
 
 .a-'-iO 000,61 
 
 rionjL.'. 'to -la^.udnebaiJ .1 . i IS8I i>jb\ snj lo ^-JBC vl-u-o rf; nl 
 rta to ttoiji.unol =u.j -joi ^n6K.t<vdm u bftfUxtuei o$tt0l as? 10 ju'ceJio'? .T . I bfte 
 .at'icv 000, Oti ^uoda TSVOO oj cev riol;-iw ,al J'iioii'' mis neb.-.u ^o 
 
 9itf i>oR ru?l 6n3 13 Ile^ Jiiyjouj' J-oiijjjfcii ot;8t>t;oi<: Ouj- io 
 o'i oc.' :iet>cf gnxvBii aJ-yv iU- ,1981 C J'au^uA. b9sinr.,-io beixloei? at* 
 oi qc d ia^el aCjJK Y^inimiJisiq add- yni'iuJ . d-anj:*^* > bns noJ 
 rioin* boel sr.J io &mos ni sicod- J-oinjaxQ rtoijBjjcTiI tiiaTs^ srtf 
 e.iJ JiiiiJ oa Joiij-sifc -{IeV Jnea^alH baa o^nio^rl ae^ 9iC ni babulorri naecf evjnri 
 OOC.S 3moe ia eii!^ 10 .eeis* 000,61 Y^no lo BSTB at: riJ-iw bssiru-^c cx?r 
 as X-t*" 10 ^w -''i6iij boal aejelo ueiii to i-^ii* oa fcwtel ilwXIjB eJ T>J bi3 ens 
 eio^ We o^ 01 moi'i btJ^fTU-'i 8aialori axiT .et^o^ 000, 2J j-uodje lo 
 lo HO^SU!BV iasBeRCjs aud 1 bat baaifi aTsw aeoj^foc bn* lit'tl . 
 
 ^fW */; fasaxd - o/37q s^:.'. f noi.fii^i'ni oi! . 8T 
 eriJ- Y-^ o&ariilErioo eo-isw eae;U bn^. abnod 000,oa^ boj-ov 
 
 seiv .A .1 . 3?SI , fiS 9uL no \tfrtuoC ogeia ne^ lo 
 no sJ-neo 0? Jfi asao -xoi ,JOO,d nill^il) . J .4 orus afcnod ni 05V, 
 OC3,I aoi aano-i ni 002, SII^ b^injjiioxo J-oii^eia iiJ 
 
 erij- benwo ilDiu* , '{rteqcto ^9ii^t i , l aonoi'i aoJ lo iiooj-e I^jicBs 6iU ^o ee r !a:ia 
 dnJ \Ti- 
 
 '(ftBqnoG isjat/ xellf ^ o^niajsi, fis^ enj oJ oeiTslanfiiJ eiew aonocf ni 
 nilliio arij- 8 nwon/i si ^-rfW .oes.fiSS^ 3w lo baaoqeib ^niroms Lafct-&i r ? . eJrfgin 
 riJ cJ beqoes ibJsw ri^ rfoiii* no ewiofi 0* Jtio-ja lo bnel lo vfeod a ,*g*n9iO 
 
 . byjiupej; euiid x^ioqonc eiij- yiosnfl aew ,83l^lre 
 
 eono ^ ^oii^alo a^tf suno^ lo elfis sri^ moil bsvies&T riBBO 8.13- rid-JtW 
 icl nosni^na eit^ a/iw ,ons9i'{ Ic ,Ieua*',I egioeO .^icw 
 
(2) 
 
 district and the plane formulated contemplated tne use of the voters of the 
 San Jacinto River and of the Griffin Cienega. About three miles of wooden flume 
 was constructed leading from the end of the Florida Water Company pipe line to 
 the Griffin Cienega and from the Griffin Cienega to the east end of the district, 
 just west of the town of heraet. An unlined ditch was constructed for a distance 
 of about 3 miles along the nortnerly edge of tne district and a similar ditch 
 vas constructed for about 10 miles along the southerly side of the valley. 
 Laterals were constructed so that there was a total length of ditch of about 
 30 miles and water was carried to the west end of the district near Ethanac . 
 
 For a few years after tne construction of tne works there was 
 
 enough water to irrigate all the lands which were ready for irrigation but after 
 1895 there were several years of very light rainfall and the water supply was 
 not adequate to tne needs of the irrigators. Luch of the land had never been 
 put under irrigation although it was entitled to water and the owners of this 
 land made a practice of transferring the water tney were entitled to to other 
 land which was being irrigated so that the owners oi small tracts were placed 
 at a disadvantage in the distribution of tne water. Tne less of water in trans- 
 mission to the lover end of the district was very great on account of the seepage 
 in the unlined ditches and the landowners at the upper end of the district wanted 
 to keep the water there. The Panic of 1393 had made it very difficult to raise 
 money and it was hard to secure returns on the taxes levied. The large landowners 
 refused to pay taxes and tne land was sold to the district but as the district 
 could not realize cash on it, no income was forthcoming from the tax sales and 
 the district was dependent for its cash income upon the receipts from the sale 
 of water. The district w..s thus obliged to default on its interest payments. 
 There was continual bickering and a Crowing opposition until in 1899 a suit was 
 brought by dissatisfied landowners in the aistrict and it was charged tnat the 
 District was irregularly organized. The directors seem to have had peculiar 
 
;;. lo d'-a: :.-:-.J bajslqffibv U03 jjaj^Ikunol an*.-. to oiiJ .u. J^x-i*- 
 ic j-.'ix- ji'iiiJ' ~uoj/- . 5j8fiei'.' ax*: ix to eii- lo bos 'i&vxfl oj-nio;- r . . 
 oj aaiJ 'J,;lc v.iu.. :-c.^ ia r * .. >-ux~ol'I erio 'io Jbrrs tuur rr.cii Brutus a I faeJ-OfiJenco a/ 
 '1 KID J- !?/.-.; .-. tj J37;9nf'i0 i-si'JtiTo a.-.? :roil ^n^ fjjsnsiO nilliir; s.itf 
 i ;jjy."tJoiOC 'Jaw iic;-u..j otiniirci; ni\ . J'taaen lo ;iwc. eiif lo i'e-Kr J- 
 rto^iO "u-Iinia *: i>.iB jCxi."?J:I; a.-j It b^^s ^I'ldiiJion tnj ~jnc -I* aelii: f Jwo..'*. 
 
 , -..till, v o...*" to 9ia x-'-' 1 ' 1 -- 1 '^^ ' s:ij o- 10 -^' as-ii^ 01 j-jjodfi 10 1 oeJOLWa.ifO &*w 
 iroJ>; Ic fiolxo lo lij-g.iul It-j-oj- . a*../ .-i*4dfi> f juad" oe iaejct": 
 
 j"'jxtJ"jij s.. 'io ^.19 wr;&r iaj cJ CXTU=C a* ii.CA j oru? ;.ii 
 - aiiow O..J io ao^.Joi."i, jaoa a.iJ Ta^l* sii;e\ wel ^ 101 
 inii 10 1 \Q6i en&ti uox:v# :.^iuai suj iJjs 3w>-gi-.ii o^ -lej-;. .-._. 
 xi',,qfc-B leiiivv ariJ- Lii Heinle i -i^.,il v'ibv lo ti/'-jx If;&voa anew eiSi-.w 
 nsad is van ofi faiial anj "ID aoi;.i . aioJjr-^iiii ^.uw* lo absan uaj^ . j- ;j-;Lryti. 
 ai.iJ' lu aienwc 9..^ bn isj^w c? bsUi^ns s&w ti .i a iiOi ! 5J>: oi.^ ^i's-.i i .or.i.- 
 ei\Jo oJ oi" oeLsisfis STSW \aiw IB^F-H onj sniTi6l3. r uinj Ic scijc<,n^ ^ . , . 
 booalt; anew Bi'Oi.-iJ il*:.ta ic sianwo saJ J>tl- 08 oa^girrii jjHie e>.w r.oi.-' 
 ni Ta-*w lo saol Si.a' 1 .le^iy tutf 10 noi.J'udxnj &xo 9ur nx e^jagvb^-ix.b y 
 eal Ic jnucoij-; no J'-'Oi^ \nav atw j-cJLiJsJcb edJ 1 Ic on a i.-.'vcl a.ij ,J 
 -oxnlai^ ariJ lo one Tsqci; ynj JB r-.i-jnvf-cael out bnf- .siiojxj ieni i 
 aex^i oj 1 Jitfox'J'ixb vJt'V -*^ aanin' ; j*h 981 lo oxa*)*! eaT . siauj- Tr*)w ^..- q6>. . 
 >.;T . /joival a^.-xfio 9:1-' ao aaiuJart enijoes oJ^ &i/iri e*-v. 
 ae Ji;d jox g i. T 3io eiJ cJ cloa BJ? da^J 9:iJ b/u ft^/,>. \v-.- jj . 
 bite 3nl>3 x/j eni' a:cr:i ^c-.x. .ooajiol a>;w &n;oanx on ,^1 no tiaBO esxLsei ." 
 else wij coil aJqissoi ar.j- nsoqt, spiooni ilaso stfi icl J'nijbnec-'b sw?* p j 
 
 axs* ^xu3 M 69&1 nx lii'nti ncid"x?oqqo ^aiwoiij fi bn* ^niiaXoxd if^^i^.j.o z 
 *a' l " > ^- 1 * - r -- ^w* Joi'JJ'aio !* i aianwooael i)8ilax^^D8Xi> \c J 
 oesi svijti oJ oiesa sic. r .be 
 
ideas of economy for it is said that they instructed trieir attorney not to 
 defend the suit, as they thought that the bondholders would be forced to defend 
 the district in order to protect themselves and that the district would thus be 
 saved the cost of litigation. The outcome, however, was not favorable to the 
 district for the court held that as the bondholders had not been parties to the 
 suit, they had no standing in court, and decision was against the district. The 
 decree rendered by Judge Noyes of the Superior Court of Riverside County, July 
 11, 1899, (Case No. 1974, People v. San Jacinto and Pleasant Valley Irrigation 
 District) , declared that the district had never had a legal existence and that 
 .-ill of its acts were void. Considering the extent of tue activities of tne 
 district t;iis seems a very strange decision and it is explained by some on the 
 supposition that Judge Noyes was very sensitive to the wishes of the public or 
 a portion thereof and that his political aspirations had a considerable influence 
 upon his official opinions (he has since been on trial and in danger of being 
 disbarred.). The action of the board of directors is rather unaccountable, also, 
 for no appeal was taken from the decision. Everything stopped; The directors 
 ceased to act and the water rights of the district were seized by outsiders. 
 The Hemet Company at once tapped the main carrying water from the North fork of 
 San Jacinto River and ran it into tneir system and the San Jacinto Water Company 
 secured the Griffin Jienega and the plant of the district. All the property and 
 water rights of tne district were lost without any return being received. 
 
 The destruction of the district and the loss of the water rights put 
 the landowners back in the same position as before tne move for a district was 
 :tiade There was and is, however, a ^reat deal of uncertainty as to the extent 
 of the cloud upon the title caused by the unpaid obligations of the district. 
 It might be supposed that the decision declaring the district illegally organized 
 would have prevented anyone from getting judgment on the bonds, but such has cot 
 been the case. In a later suit brought by Pliny Evans of Riverside, in the 
 
e) 
 
 oim^flx \&tit i.erit Mee ax J-i id Yrc n039 ^o aeeox 
 baa lab o^ ijao-io't eo olwow aTSblodcnccf arkr Jaitt Jriawoiil ^QffJ- sis ,Jxua ertf bnslsfa 
 ad ajuii- lilvO'.? J oi-tjsxi; eitt JjKitt' biu aevlesmfcictf J-o&Joiq oJ tsbio xl Joxi.Jaxb eiii 
 
 oJ eldfi'iov*^ J"o;t 3** ,t&vewoii ,amcoj-i;o snT .ffoxi'f.^,xjil lo d'aoo sfU 
 oJ as/x^i^q ftsso' Jon b^ri 8T0oIoriDnorf erij- s* tofto bls.\ J-TUO: ariJ' Tol i' 
 . loi'usic aiii^ tarsj.*^ asv/ rtoxaxoab bn ,J^L r co nx ynifartjEJ-s on Ufi Y ef ^ 
 
 4 \JUi)oU etixaTovx.i lo i-nwoC noi7eqi?(3 en^ 1 lo ss^orf e'^bvL x 3 beTsbnei eenoeb 
 
 .v 
 
 ,11 
 
 eaJ lo 34x^xvij-oi3 
 a*.* no amcB x j bui 
 10 oxJa'i/c 9u* io 89ii8J.'# 
 
 B su ri 
 
 lo juej'xe ertj 
 
 8i J-x bfiJB rroisiceb 
 
 itt od eviJi^nea 
 
 .bxov eiQw 3^0* BJX lo !!B 
 vnev js sineaa ax.'^ i'c 
 
 'lo 
 
 oo /- a> ri anoicJ/nxq^j- LpoxJiloq ax*! iri^ fa/te losieti^ noxJioq 
 .fc nx bnc Iriij- no sec" esnia asri 9h) anciniqo Ij&xoxllo axa noqi; 
 
 sx 
 
 arfr . ooqqoJe 
 
 &i aw 
 
 Ic aicl ftgioii 
 
 idiW oJ'KJo^.L roaS 
 
 sriw* XLs 
 .bavxeoen 
 
 nrte 
 
 Ic noi^os eri? . (. 
 
 vjl .noisiosu dad- nronl n*iii:S 8/>w lBaqq on 
 eul lo s^rigxT i6Jw ori- ana ^0 oJ" 
 nxj5jr eiid" usqq^j 1 eono tn \_naqtaoD d'emeii 
 oae me^s^e ilen^ odriJ- j-x nT bae TsviH oJolo^L oa2 
 arU lo Jnslq Jii* bna jsssu^i'J nx'ilxiO erfJ- beii/oes 
 i^aol en&w Jnxii'sxi sitJ" lo 
 
 ssol eriJ b* i-oiiJ-axi) en* lo aQifsvuKQU eriT 
 8W ^^)x^Jexfa js io't svo.n eii* aiclecf aft acxJxacr ansee eri* nx ^oad 8Tttwob 
 of a* \JnxjHj-i80ittf lo J*9b feai^ ,nsvewo:i ,ex bae ajsw eiariT 
 b an* Su anei^c^Ido bieqiwr e.il \fd baauao dlJ-x^ aaJ- noqi/ bi/ola 
 aril ^nxtf-Ioab aoJexoob eiW J-itf ba*oqiua cf > 
 no J~rv .J-lf)3 moil sno^i* 
 
 . . 
 
 lo 
 
(4) 
 
 Superior Court of Riverside County, on the interest on certain bonds, a 
 default judgment was given against the district, as William LicEwen, who was 
 
 made a party as a director of the district, was not allowed to appear in 
 
 ;.-'*i 6? a* "!>' "~ ' re^ r **.*, r. r . o_s b/ ~~* >/c 
 
 his personal capacity as a landowner. In a suit brought in 1905 in the United 
 States court at Los Angeles, by John H. Marra, a bondholder, judgment was taken 
 by default against the district. An application was made for a receiver for 
 the property of the district, the object being to take possession of the water 
 rights which had been appropriated by other parties and hold them until a 
 decision on the validity of the bonds was secured, in which case if the bonds 
 
 were found valid the receiver would have the property for which the bonds were 
 ij 
 
 given with which to pay them, and if the bonds were found invalid, it would 
 follow that there had never been any valid sale of these water plants to the 
 
 district and the receiver would take nothing. It was felt that the bondholders 
 
 . u ; -'. .- -5, aaa t. 
 
 and landholders were equally interested in securing this action as it would 
 
 be for the benefit of both parties. Judge V.elborn of the District Court 
 
 . . -J f.i:i* their fc-ir. . * _ ; b'-it... *b : *jt^j *.' 
 
 turned the matter over to Judge Ross of the Circuit Court and the latter 
 finally granted the petition for the appointment of a receiver but deferred 
 the order appointing a receiver to a later date . he later reversed his decisioa 
 and denied the petition. Neither of the judgments mentioned have been 
 satisfied nor has further action been taken in regard to them. Lost of the 
 tonds of the district have matured and outlawed, if the bond of a quasi- 
 municipal corporation can outlaw. The effect of this uncertainty as to land 
 titles was to keep investors? from coming into the district, l.'.any of the 
 people moved away and the community was in a state of deep depression for six 
 or eight years . 
 
 Jour or five years after the decree dissolving the district was 
 issued people began to utilize the underground water supply and since that time 
 many wells have been sunk and a considerable area of land is being thus irrigated, 
 
lo Jii/oO iox-iqif3 
 rwvx^ avr ^nem 
 le lOJoe-iib ae 
 
 ms x-'-'- 8 *^-'- lenoaieq aid 
 
 acj 
 erit 
 
 ,aanod nlKi-reo no jseieJfii s:!* nc , 
 saw ori'ff ^nawZoKs mfilliV' a* , Jox*JJexfl 
 nx i*;sqqjB o^ bewcllfc Jon 
 Qfii ni 20f?I nx JdyjciJ *xi:n E nl . 
 
 ,iablorioftcf ,ATi*M .H nriot 
 
 IT 
 
 lo iioxaaaeeoc 
 
 a liittL it.&fii blori dm? aalJ-jaq ifttiJc Y 3 fefejtiqo f xqq need bd rioidw 
 aonoc sa^ 11 ea*o rioiiir ni .fceiirosa B/W Bfcnocf srit lo v^xbilBT erij- nc 
 
 i blt-ow 
 bluow cfi . bxl^vni at r o^ stew asnccf atit li fcntH 
 
 Qi-nj?Ic neJ/susr esarid 1 io alfia b/lV yap neJ teVea bsd siari* 
 
 eaJ- ^fi^ i'lsl aw ^1 . saictfon ejigj- foloow levi&o&n eti* fan* 
 i s^ noi^ae ^ifii- aniiuoaa rti ba^esnwni \II&irp 91 w eiebiortbn^ I 6rtB 
 C J^!i^*piCI siitf lo moo'IeV/ egfavl . 8oii"i^q riiod lo Jilenea fW not 6d 
 ear arus J-iuoO J-iuoiiD eij^ lo esoH egbul oJ- TOVO -ie^lP erlJ faemttf 
 b J'l/d Tevlessi B lo iti&aiiaioqqe edt TO! noiJ-ileq A^ be^ftfiT 
 
 iobio 
 
 en* bsxnsb b 
 
 nx tte&ij aeed noiJo* ieri*iirl a?ri non bexlsilJBa 
 Ix ,bdwl^uo bne beix/tam evBri d-oxijoio eaj 'to ebnod 
 nJ lo jroslls erfT .wsl^t'o na& rroltB'ioq^oa lB( 
 oJTix gfrimoo acil aio^aevni qeoji oJ" efr 
 
 nvig 
 wIIol 
 
 need wifi 
 8ii. f lo teoW 
 
 a 1& bncd 
 
 ^ lo \ne"^ . 
 
 TO! 
 
 qeeb ^.o elJJls i eisw \tinuJtmoo 
 
 bn& 
 
 eleroeq 
 10 
 
 s esilxju o? fli'^ed alqoaq 
 so svii all 
 
Alfalfa is the principal crop. It is now thought that the only possible 
 St.: - - =5t ' - ''= r ^-i iOW u'rv i 
 
 lien on the lands on account of the bond issue will be for the $64,750 worth 
 of bonds sold for cash and some of these have been bought up by the landowners 
 
 to protect their lands. There is thought to be no likelihood of the land 
 .isirioi 9 '--- 4s-sir* tt *t>-; - ji-r 
 
 being seized because of the lien. 
 
 -11 I %. f'JT . '. .'..*: 
 
 The failure of the district seems to have been due to the lack of 
 
 
 water during the dry period 1395-1899 and to the lack of support and even 
 active opposition which the landowners gave the district which they had 
 
 organized. There were, throughout, influences at work which were hostile to 
 
 
 
 the district. George H. Maxwell was sent into the districi during the formative 
 
 period to prevent the organization of the district and he got the disaffected 
 1. . r ~, **!. * r~ int<s j""s r&iJJTQt&3 T*QWQ|f >w - -A*-no 
 
 people together. General Louton of Los Angeles, was also against the district 
 throughout, and the large landowners in general were dissatisfied with the 
 district because they were obliged to pay taxes fixed upon the basis of the 
 returns possible from irrigated land while their land was being used only for 
 grain raising. 
 
elcfiaaoq \Iao ttt f&tti jd-^orii vou. si j-i .COTS Itqx:mx < :q eiij 
 
 dev,*>6f eaJ >iol acf Iliw sussx bnocf adt So Jin/coo* ho abmsX artf no nsil 
 \;tf qu i-ji^ocf nd &V.T ri aesrfj 1 lo a0oa iwi* risj23 to* 51os 9i>aod *o 
 IP booiil3>.xl OR sd cj jix^uoil^ ax eisxiT . sjotl litxii d'osjoiq oJ' 
 
 . nexl adj- lo c-'av^oai oasiea 
 
 '- ,r' ' l ''-- ' 
 
 lo jioel erij of ^w need bweri oi^ amea JoiiJexfa anj- 'to 8'itrlisl ajfT 
 neve DJOJB J-soffqjja le aol 9;^ oJ boe ee8I-ce6I ioiiaq ifio aiij- gniiub ' 
 
 ij^ri V'arU- rioiri'tf ^oxiJ-sii aad- sv*^ aieffwodftt?! d* tiolriw ncii-xeoqqo 
 of all^eoti t>Tew iioiiiw inow Jjs BflCiievIlnx , luorigwoifi; , oie QteriT 
 
 ? <-'' ;*i' , 
 
 i) Joii^axc ad- od'ni jnsa BJS&- IIe*xjB;4 .ri sa' 100 ^ .^oiiiexb eiit 
 
 .. . H&sil -i^' ?;. Sfip &&$$ '" ' '' -, *;*' tfv, ; -> 
 
 ^ ti DOB join^ 5 ;io a^tj lo noxJjBX xxu-gio da^ i-nsvsiq oJ boxTaq 
 
 csle g* .geley^A aoj lo rto^ucH XeisneD .leale^oJ' Iqoeq 
 rii- iitfiw bsilsxj'Bsaiii entew JjsTens^ ni aianwobrtel egifil erid' OOB / 
 rit lo ala^cf eiid- non>; buxil 8S>xf,j i^ec od" be;-xlcfo eiew \eiif esu^ 
 no't xlao beau gnx&cf e^v bn^I ixe^ elidw bctBi beJ-r^lnx moil sUxaeoq 
 
SAN MARCOS IRRIGATION IISTRICT. 
 San Diego County - Organized December 14, 1891 - Area 10,000 acres. 
 
 The motive leading to the organization of the San Marcos Irrigation 
 District was the desire to secure water and change from grain raising to the 
 raising of alfalfa and citrus fruits. Everyone was in favor of the move and 
 no opposition was encountered. Landhold ings within the district were of small 
 average size, not over 15 acres, and the value of the land was about 50 per 
 acre, without irrigation. 
 
 The district was declared organized December 14, 1891, and included 
 10,000 acres of the Rancho Vallecitos de San Marcos, situated on the branch 
 line of the Santa re railroad midway between Oceanside and Escondido. The 
 entire acreage was agricultural land susceptible of irrigation. There was 
 no town property included. 
 
 The plan wa.s to secure water from the San Luis Hey River and a bond 
 issue of $350,000 was decided upon by the board (January 5, 1892) and voted 
 February 6, 1892. The bonds were confirmed by order of court of April 8, 1892. 
 Before proceeding fartner it was thought best to make some investigations into 
 the conditions and metnods of other districts and Ur. . L. Richards, president 
 of tne boaro of directors, was sent around to look into such matters. As a 
 result of his investigations, it was decided that it would not be wise to 
 proceed with the plans of the district and it was decided to aisorganize . 
 Accordingly the vote for disorganization was taken Llay 13, 1893, the petition 
 filed July 24, 1893, and the final decree of dissolution issued by the Superior 
 Court of San Diego County on October 4, 1893. 
 
 it t*. 
 
XL . .. 
 
 . eei9 OOC.OI iiGiA - 1961 , <'! -i : tail - x.taijo0 ot<i'i rueS 
 
 no. ijBi'Jl n*3 eriJ 'io nox$*sior.g*io ;>uJ uJ tjfiibettl evijow ariT 
 
 ... ---I... moi'i * d n*iio on* -lujj w ai^oes eJ e-iistrb yaJ 9V 
 i. tvo. euJ' 'io -i.v,.'l ni UJBW arioYtevji . r^ji^'i'i .UVAC- bat JBlIi>lJLB 'to 
 
 aew itol^isoqqo on 
 
 'iq Jfiv li'tiujs OJBW Uiirl aaj 'io u*.Ii. v vi-.J- x>n , 80TOJB 1 lovo J-Oii , asia sgei&vp 
 
 jronJ'lw ,910 
 
 no bttai.'d'la ,3001^ ae^ > so^jLooJ ItV ouoaeH auJ' Io BUIOJB 000,01 
 a.iV . ofaiJunooaa ba atiBtu?9wO ned'^ecf yiwbim bjsoillci e'i ajrtc ; ot 'to anil 
 sib.i'. 1 . noiJi.-^i'iii Io oiciJ-eocr.un bal le-utfluoiT .* new ^'eio fiilln* 
 
 . bit)t'Ionl \^Tt.qoio rrwo^ on 
 A bus isviH \0H aluJ rtsc! out mctl i^jjav *ivoa OJ a*v nalq edT 
 
 brus ; ':.'!?i I ,d ^u-i.-vl') j'u oj oiit ^-J ftoqu bebiosb aev 000,OdC| Io 
 ,U linqA Io iiuos Io nei.To \J bwrxilitoo e-iaw afanotf a*1T .SCSI ,6 
 
 ni amo eiii-n: ot ^aed Jd^jori^ sw j i xeiiJ'ijil .^tibdeootq eiol*8 
 . J .1 .1;: bm; B -i'u siu rtexiJc Io sboritaci bae snciJiunco iU 
 j.ioii@ o^ai iool i-- bxi^ote iads EH* . -riojoyiio Io bifiod sat Io 
 iw ed jc-ii ciuow ji J/MW bbic0i> BW li % uaoi^jBj,i^avax eia Io ili/aei 
 . esioe^ioaib ol oobJoes &BW Jx bats joi'u--ii. o-.J Io aru-lq tit dixw ba*ooiq 
 
 . 
 
 .ac>. diij* \d oeuaai noi^tloselc Io a 01 out IsnJl aiiJ 1 bn ,961 ,^cl \;IuL belli 
 
 ,> necfoJyO no ^auoO ogoia 2 Io 
 
SAUTA GERTRUDES IRRIGATION DISTRICT. 
 Los Angeles County - Organized September 1890 - Area 2,000 acres. 
 
 The landowners of the Santa Gertrudes Irrigation District bad a 
 water right to certain water from the San Gabriel River which they received 
 through the Santa Litch and through a wooden flume . As the wooden flume was 
 in need of replacement and some kind of organization was necessary to raise 
 funds and care for the work of replacement, it was thought desirable to 
 organize the district under the Bright Act. The district was organized in 
 September 1890 to cover 2,COC acres of first rate agricultural land near 
 Santa Fe Springs, a few miles southwest of the town of Whittier. The land waa 
 held in tracts of about 20 acres each except for 200 acres held by the 
 Santa Fe R. R., 200 by J. V. Baker, and a few other tracts of 200 or 300 acres 
 each. Land was worth about $.35 per acre and grain was practically the only 
 crop teing raised. A very small acreage was irrigated, probably not over 
 ICC acres. 
 
 There wae no opposition to the district and bonds were voted in 
 the amount of $55,000 and were approved by the Superior Court of Los Angeles 
 County on L'ay 2, 1893. So far as can be learned none of these bonds were ever 
 
 oeed of. The directors found that the bonde were unsaleable and no work 
 as cone. I'atters dragged on without any progress tein c made and the people 
 of the district became dissatisfied and felt that if nothing wae to be 
 accomplished it would be better to disorganize. This was done, the final 
 decree of dissolution being entered September 16, 1899 by D. K Trask, Superior 
 Judge , Los Angeles County . 
 
 The district did not have much Affect upon the prosperity of the 
 coenunity. The amount of the debt incurred was not large and it wae paid off 
 by subscription at the rate of 5C cents on the oollar before t&e dissolution. 
 
i- 
 000,* **4 - OC8I ied: 
 
 -usivl ttci.'i^sil eaoL'TJ-nsC tin*?, 6iif lo BismrciHiel 
 i-tvisas-i Tj;fc doi.ar isvlH .Ui-io.eC ns2 *,-: -.oil -isCrw nie-ttss o.* ^rigit i; 
 
 .;=iccw ftfj- 5r .3er.fl Hboj /? i.^juci.i 
 Mljsl cJ" \t -i?ac&-: IB* ttoxfiisiiia&ii} \o aalai acoe 
 
 tJ *Io'Ueo Jd^iio.:* at* ?i .^aersof Iqe-r Ic iic* -i.^ id eito fcae et- 
 ui -siiru^ioei * ^sliiaib u^I .Js* ^.^11;.' ec^ i.ti; .'sn^eis siit ex^. 
 
 -:il :o aeioe ;X;:,il navco e* 0<?6I T&fewq2 
 Mr bnI saT .nei^llrftf ^o nwo.* e.ij Ic ^sdwdiuos 's=Ll3 sl * .e^nincS ei - 
 
 titr fc olsa 83ls* (X)S ic: -qesx* 00*9 aensje JS J-LO^* Ic ecafii* nl bld 
 3S13JB 00 10 JJS :c 87?%i TteoTc *e: * toe ,nexe .3 .- x= OOS ,.K .ft e'i JBJ 
 
 a.-w s^eeio* IIxcis ^TSV / . osaii ,,BJi&d 
 
 fli j-.'cv tr.es nbcc2 ooe f^x^^slb & J o^ ncUi-.-D^cc on % a^eaT 
 . oj Ic ^ic" icl'sscL'' 1 . ailf \c e^roiqqa ^TS* ^ru? 33C,2c1 io 
 
 .^otf 0aAA? lo a/ion beoaei ad ABS iel o? .561 ,S ^B!^ no vjn. 
 ^_ -I^&IisBi; 6^sr 3&n3i ad* /; a^ bfu?e>l eTo.'ra-:!^ iu? . lo bt8f 
 :. :.. = : s^ei^otc X.TS 'tor.Ji* ao 1,533511, aiwJjr n .er:;. 
 
 x a** ssldfrttt lx /iil ^l&l bnc c4xlei^s?i: ar^se^ *rli. lii o. 
 ,eaoc ae eirfT . *iftril08o ol i?3S6l 60 blue* *i b&<. . 
 . .2 vt fC- ,61 -reaire^qsP 6*ss/a8 ^aisc oi^Llc53x= ':o se~. 
 
 .^nteC sIa%nA sol ,e 
 qeonc sal *oq; *s^il aotcs ev*a loa fcio ^siij'ilh e.fT 
 
 Siiel ^crs a^w bcirvoai ?iso s^j- lo ;ivi;o t *^ 4T .V- 
 
 Oc lo t 
 
(2) 
 
 Owing to the inactivity of the district the water rights in the San Gabriel 
 River which had belonged to the landowners, were allowed to lapse, but the 
 development of pumping plants has since made water available to practically 
 all the land within the district so that the section is now very prosperous. 
 Land is now worth from $200 per acre, up. Unimproved land within the district 
 has recently sold for $450 per acre and improved land is worth considerably 
 more. Over 500 acres are now being irrigated within the district. 
 
 The failure of the district seems to have been due to the inability 
 of the directors to sell the bonds and to the lack of energy evidenced in 
 
 failing to take proper steps to safeguard the water rights owned by the 
 
 ?. <-. : :..it-j w*rtf -i>.tl _I*i i,: tj. ri^nt of wa.% across 1 *l.txir. ' , -_ , 
 
 district. The Walnut Irrigation District, a few oiles north of the Santa 
 Gertrudes district, has been an unqualified success and the conditions in the 
 
 f .i, X \ 
 
 two districts were at the outset almost identical. 
 
 eisxrict a all linjf irri 
 /. to t5-.f. ;*; ..-. 1., 
 
 
 
 
(s) 
 
 OB 3 saw nx ajri^iT **** an* ^aii^sib 8jS* \o xJ-jvl Hajari* adJ o* 
 srtj juu ,aqBl oj u&;?oIlB aiww , anenwofanfll ertf oJ- bti^icled cii rioiaw 
 
 won ax ncijawa ocU" tKtii ca JoinjaiC scU 1 aiii^i* i/ual iU Us 
 to adi 1 ruu*x* oftBl ijevoir'nif'U <? 4813JB leq OOS5 mcn'i rid-^ow won sx i)BJ 
 liiio* ai oruel Ofavonqwx i>fifc- eiy* iaq 02*2 10 1 cloa xli-neosi asri 
 
 005 
 
 &ttJ o^ ati; need sv/a o^ sinoes i'oiid'eiw sj^ 'to eiwlle'i 
 x !.7e xgafcau 1o ^el di^ o^ cutfc aijnod edj" Has o/ eicJoaiib sol 
 
 trii X^ oQtfao SKfd^xT Te4~w arid- biJ8Jjgel8 OJ aqsia 
 *-i-wi3 e^ lo ri^tw as lie el a ,*oii^ai4 acid-jBaxnl JunlsW eiiT . 
 jnoxjiUKoy or^ fai'ii aaassons Jo9x'tilifpflu as neec <2ii ,^j 
 
 i-aoil* Jsa^tto 
 
STRONG IRRIGATION DISTRICT. 
 Los Angeles County - Organized April 1, 1393 - Area 900 acres. 
 
 The settlers in the section covered by the Strong Irrigation District 
 aad been for many years diverting water from the San Gabriel River and carrying 
 It across the ranch of . J. Baldwin ("Lucky" Baldwin) in an open ditch. A 
 few years before the organization of the district Baldwin attempted to stop them 
 from carrying the water across his land and succeeded in collecting a yearly 
 :harge for the privilege. The settlers were much provoked by this for some of 
 them had been there much longer than Baldwin and felt that they had a good water 
 right and that they were entitled to the right of way across Baldwin's land. 
 rhey thought that by the organization of a district under the Wright law they 
 tould be placed in a stronger position for a legal contest with Baldwin and 
 for that purpose the Strong Irrigation District was organized on April 1, 1893. 
 
 The land included within the district was all being irrigated at the 
 time of organization and was worth from 200 to 5CO per acre. The holdings 
 iveraged from 20 to 30 acres, the smallest being 4 acres and the largest 130 
 icres. V.'alnuts , alfalfa, corn and a few oranges were being raised. 
 
 The district and the individual landowners sued Baldwin claiming a 
 right to 700 miners' inches of water from the San Gabriel River and demanding 
 i right of way across the land of Baldwin. After an appeal to the Supreme 
 Court, the decision vent against Baldwin and the district secured clear title 
 bo the desired water supply. 
 
 Having thus secured the re cult desired when the district was formed 
 the landowners were not particularly desirous of Keeping the district form of 
 jrganization. A disagreement arose over the provision of the Y.'right law which 
 
. ._ 
 
 . SI/IO.K OOt i;vv. - dPtl ,1 XiTcA or"ii!/: t ,T..) \lntJoO 80IejjflA soj 
 
 ^tiii d noi;f'2 artf ^d bwiciVco nolJobS &iii nl 
 ttVlH I&jt'ioteO eS e;iJ noTt i^-.w jniJievlb e-u *x xnflra lot 
 rtuqo ft^-: ni (rtj.*fcl3 "Y^ot'J'O nibbled .1 .3 to rioruBi otii BBOIO* 
 <.;0j .. o<t Jj> fu ,' . 
 
 \ItB\i ijoijoslloo 4ii i&boaoouB Jbrue brtel alii BBOTOX T&^BW ri^ gn^v 1 * 11 ' moil 
 to cinoa not ainJ x c ' b&icvo^c; rtowr eiew ai'jid'lao oriT . eysliviir eriJ TO! 
 /'W boon s b*rf Y ^ *JBii^ i'lsl fan* ni\vblBd rtpii^ le^nol tioufl-. aieuj need b^-d 
 . n.u:l a'acwbl*': saoio* Y'* ^o -'ijii 8-^ o^ bI*i^iie a-iew xafU' i"**!* bfi 
 iiJ" w* I Jd.jj.iT.1 sit'J 1 nefany ^cii^aib R to noi^i'sloB^io 9i-;j '{d isaii J'djjuoii 
 bn* rtiwblsti rfliw *3e^noo LB^*! jo 'tol noiJ-iaoq Ta^not^a ni oeofilq ed 
 no 
 
 lie Q/W j-axiJ-aia e4^ rtiaJxv.' bobt'Isni biusl eriT 
 teq 00d.i*t oJ 00u$ taol'i fid"xo* SJB* mi* noi^sJtoi;sio lo 
 iW biifi utno > jn.tcf ^e&IItus 6W ,aei3 OE o^ OS moal bo^ 
 j.aj disw evjiiuino wet bat nico , 
 owre 
 tevih IfajideO n<i ea* moit isJjaw to aortooj: 'eianiai OCV oJ 1 Jri 
 
 oj Lsaqqj; ne 'isj'l/ .niwblsB to boal suj aeoia^ {** io 
 u-.elo od'ii/oaa J'oJ.nJeib iiJ bi%a olwbleH j-eni*^ Jnew ncieioob eii 
 
 . \iqquB la^jsw be^iaeb enj- 
 
 btaciot 8i- t> eiif iieriw Dfiiieao Jliiasn su? beiifoes surii ;jflvfi 
 
 to wxot J-siij-alo u ^niqaaji lo swcii^ei) t^" I '^ L ' p J-*' 1B( 5 J" * 1 s* 4 ** anenwobnfil 
 
 vw:I it. a." lo noieivonq *aj TVO enot* Jn&^w&i/.js'sifa A . noises im; 310 
 
- 
 
 that umttmmmtm far the * of water wail 
 dietrlct. In -ihie district tiioas wheo lands were wear that a***) ff tfce iifca> 
 'elt ths* tiseT esjeoild net ce eoliged its say as aascs 
 ditch * ifliMi vJntn loads wr adtoxtod fartear O 
 
 r* af -tia* ditch. Sw dissxticf ariiM aa -tti0 cr teea* 
 it nw thOMk* hMt to allow ti-o diotriet to laawo aad to oper&to tte ditca 
 
 dor OOMO floB wsorobf -MM ehargo si^rt bo adjusted ccoraiag to tfao 
 
 from tfco hood of 1ho ditch . M* haa teoa doao . tfceir ditch hao boom diviaod 
 
 into three eeetions and levies are new aade according to 
 oa 1k* upper section new f .25 per year far waintsnaneo , those on the 
 section |.50 and those on the lower section 41.00. The ditch is now ran 
 a neighborhood ditch without fwiaml incorporation, although the district 
 legally in 
 
 Conditions in the district are verj prosperous. Land is now worth 
 
 - - 
 froB 4500 to $1000 per acre and valnute, oranges and alfalfa are teing raised. 
 
 The effect of t*e district was to aid in settling the water right difficulties 
 of the landowners and in this way it contributed aaieriallj to the success 
 and prosperity of the 
 
Ilt-aa it, 
 
 i;- anJ lo i>eari Ai run OR new aortal C--IG.Y* esort* 
 'to eooBabJfUiiaiear abTj.;oj rioum a* \eq oJ- be^jtlao ed 
 
 oriw bn nob "sarLJ-isl bstfjEu^is e~. ar: cfto^l 
 os sffi^Obcf STOOB Birij- no rtoiJof lei^saeib ariT 
 wti e*jB^eqc o^ iuia eaq/'I 03 j-ciijaiL srf^ wo.. 
 &i.U o^ sniDTo^ofi bo^sif^bf ea ^risiffl sgierio 
 oebivib ftta s^ii .Iscio liatiT .snob asecf a^rf aidT 
 
 . snoiios srij GJ y:ibiocojg sbaic won sit ae 
 bbii. e.t* no eeodJ- , eonufieinlBra TO! rtjBa-\r 
 HUT ro ai aoJii) eiiT .00. I| noi^oea 
 
 .nolfBioqiodnl 
 
 sJtrW" nl 
 cluone 
 
 62. $ 
 
 no 
 
 si toitjoib 
 
 STUB 
 
 ettr 
 
 . Buoneqaoic ^ev eoe 
 
 hm; ssan^io 
 eri* sniiJJea ni bi* 
 be^ucfxi^noo it 
 
 erf* lo eioir fcaeu 
 ^setf ^ilgtrofiJ asw 11 
 
 aaioa 
 sril lc baeri eaj- n 
 
 Bnoiliea eeiot 
 noi^oea tscqu sift no 
 ban 02.1 neiifoes 
 ria^ib boodiocfiljien JB 
 
 o rti ii 
 
 al^ c-rtt oi ano 
 bm? ei3 ieq CX50I* o^ 002$ mcil 
 *w JsiiJeib eriJ lo Goalie erfT 
 aidj nx bxus BTBnwobneJ eriJ- lo 
 lo 
 
YINELAND IRRIGATION DISTRICT. 
 Los Angeles County - Organized February 8, 1889 - Area 4,000 acres. 
 
 The lands in the Vineland Irrigation Llstrict were held in tracts of 
 15C acres or less, the average being about 4C acres. Those who owned the land 
 wished to secure a permanent supply of water for they had been getting an 
 uncertain supply from the San Gabriel River and inasmuch as the entire flow of 
 the river was claimed by Azusa, Covina and Duarte, the landowners around Vineland 
 found that in the summer wnen water was most needed, there was but little to be 
 had. Land was valued as high as C1CC per acre. A small acreage was being irri- 
 gated by dirt ditches during a part of the season, but, as before stated, in the 
 dry part of the season there was no water available. Some water was rented 
 wnen possible from the Azusa system. Lost of the people within the district 
 or owning land there had some other means of support and there was not much 
 land under cultivation. Some of the owners lived in Los Angeles. All the 
 landowners wnated to develop their lands and many had no doubt the intention to 
 sell out soon after the rise in values which the district might be expected to 
 occasion. 
 
 The district was organized February 8, 1889. At that time the market 
 for irrigation dietrict bonds was still fairly strong and the district did not 
 have n:uch trouble in selling a considerable part of the issue of $50,000 which 
 was approved by the court on July 6, 1889. Later an additional iseue of $12,000 
 wae made. A portion of the bonds amounting to 40,000 was taken by a certain 
 l^rnoli of San Irancisco, and sold in Switzerland for 92 1/2 cents on the dollar. 
 The district itself received 88 cents on the dollar for these bonds. ^10,000 
 rorth of bonds were traded for water rights, 5,000 orth for rights in Roberts 
 Canyon, which have never been utilized and which are not of much value, and 
 (5,000 for rights to w?.ter in the San Gabriel River, which have been rendered 
 worthless by a decision of court. The later issue of 12,000 was almost all 
 
000,* 
 
 1 .Ji 
 
 - C88I ,8 Yaunde* bosxnjs^TO - \invo3 esIeyxA. acJ 
 
 lo sfsf.it fti blan si aw 
 bitfcj. o.u baowo Uiiw agon' J . 
 
 OB yiiJ'Je aeea bii 
 lo well 
 
 xV ei^ iix ebnusl sri'T 
 ,ri/oa ,;u3J tr. y ....-. 9iU , jetal 10 
 10! T&Jtw lo -fc^' 8 ^niiB.vieq B 
 
 Odl 
 berieiv 
 
 3nenwoi)ii-I s 
 
 sue nevih leiicfflO a3 aitf moil 
 
 jnivoD ,8USA \:d ceffiltslo eiw levin tads 
 
 iu 
 
 .'s eiclsa a/s . 
 
 A .eio tsc 001". 
 .nos^-a* oiij- lo itt 
 
 beulev 
 
 *{d 
 
 o 
 
 1 .? slqoaq saw lo ^aoM .6JrBYe BBUSA sti^ moil elcf-tasoq nerlw 
 .iO;. j<wi 3W &T3.'U brtu Jiocc.i : i: efif.em isrijo amoe bri siecy- coel ^ninwo ic 
 XL, . aoIe^oA so.l nx o>vj.I sionwo iU lo o.-\. 1 . n&ijj.vijljjo labru; btt&l 
 yni eaJ JJUOD oa d/;ri xr:^ii bae ebiiel tiefiJ qcl&vsij o^ bej-^nw eionwobnel 
 bejoeqxd sd Jriai/iT aoxijalb etw doxuw seyLssv ni aeii 5ilJ~ i9.*lje noog J-yo lisa 
 
 bib ^oi^sxb s.iJ- Dfi^ gooila \Iiiel Ili^a a^r ^bncd ^oiij?ib noit/isiini -icl 
 rioi.1w 000,0fi| lo ai.'^ai arid- 10 J-isq 
 i:.C^ "10 Sjj'iei iBitoxi-xbbjE! nxs rtsj-^J .6381 ,o ^Xi/t no liyoo artf ^i bavoiqqfl 
 
 JB '^ neaei' snw 000,0^^ oj ; axJTtuofiuj abnoJ dri^ to noiwioq A 
 
 
 no aJneo S\I u(? -xo'i tonf,Ii9sJri*^ i bleu bos .eaexanBii a3 l 
 
 |P 
 
 . ..) ,Jonod asaiiJ to'i Tellob 6iU ao e^aeo 88 beviuoei *I&aJ-i j-oiiJ'sib 
 H ni zfii-jii iol ri-tv . ,fi^ ,0^3x1 is^w not bsoBiJ' aia* ax>nod lo ri 
 . sjjJj v iiox/ni lo ton eifi dox.ijr .;.:. baxili^u naad isvsrt av^d riczr 
 >.di-nB6d e. Itxid^O ae<i o;U nx leJ-.-^w o^ elnsxi iol 000,5 
 
 . -oo 10 noirjxoab J8 t^ 3aala*rtow 
 
(2) 
 
 traded for work on the tunnel which the district wae driving under the San 
 Gabriel River. The plan to develop 
 
 The plan to develop water was devised by F. C. Finkle , engineer for 
 the district, and was to drive a tunnel under the San Gatriel River. This plan 
 was being carried out and the tunnel had teen driven 3,000 feet when suit was 
 brought by parties owning land near Azusa, Covina and Duarte claiming all the 
 water and asking for an injunction restraining the further construction of the 
 tunnel and the diversion of water by the Vineland district. Hfhile this liti- 
 gation was in progress, the San Gatriel Power Company wae arranging to take 
 water from the river and in order to satisfy the right claimed by the Vineland 
 district they offered to put in a well within the district which should yield 
 100 miners' inches of water, 50 inches of which tney rere to pump to the upper 
 edge of the district and 50 inches to the middle of the district from which the 
 lower half could te irrigated. They agreed to dig the well and install a 
 
 pumping plant, and furnish power to pump, the amount of power furnished being 
 
 if * .-- 9 /,i' -.* cr ai-kti< i/oort^ - JM 
 proportional to the flow of the river at the same period. This arrangement wae 
 
 ngreed to by the district and shortly after an injunction was issued against 
 them restraining them from diverting water from the San Gabriel River, so that 
 the well installed by the Power Company wae virtually a clear gain for the dis- 
 trict. The Power Company eoon became dissatisfied with the agreement under which 
 they were bound to furnish power perpetually, proposed to the district that 
 in exchange for a release from this obligation and a return of the electric 
 motors furnished, they rould install a 100 E.P. stearc engine and boiler and 
 give it to the district. This w%s agreed to and carried out. 
 
 The district constructed milts of n.ain ditch with concrete lining, 
 2 miles of main pipe line and 4 miles of vitrified ciay and cement pipe laterals, 
 besides a steel pipe line riles in length to carry water from the well to the 
 upper bound -ary of the district. It was found that the expense of pumping to 
 
I' -jl 
 
 3810.8 000, seiA - C88I ,6 Y^yirf* faesiJieyiO - \tttuo3 eelejjOA 
 
 to stsEtt ftx blsn STW* Joit^axU no if a -gilt I biueleflxV iij ax ebiusl eriT 
 b*I aiiJ battwo oifw eson'.' . sal as J'uoa'i! ^niaj S^TSVJB arij , aaal TO 3&*:o 031 
 OB yiiJ'j'e^ netij bii \&tit -iol ibJtw lo ^IQQL'B lfiwac"xec JB eiusde o^ oeriaiw 
 1o wo 11 o-iijiiS aflJ ^!iJ aoLv.-s.'.i.i. one neviH leiic'^O o.>- ati^ rcotl \;iqqi/E. ax&^i6sau 
 rtiv bnjjoib sienwobiifl e^iu ,e^ii>CI one jenivoO .^eustA va beciiiilc suv i&vii j..j 
 t-J oUJ-ii w - i,"J j- j-i.-.j , o^M-jij isosu ax* ifa-xw auw 'i^itmua eul ci 
 8W Bg^Liiot; ll*ra A .id Tec 001 > as il^iu a* beuLev 8W 
 ni ,bW*^ eiolsd a/s ,lua .noa^se tiij- lo ^i/jq * jjniiut) aenoJ'JiJb *iib ^cf 
 a* ; r laiew no8 . ald^.lijsvjs TO^JBW on a>-;r tJieit* noafioe erUf 
 adj JUii^Z'.? slqoaq eaj lo JaoLd .msjrexB ^etsA stil moil sldlsaoq rtariw 
 4 0^ ajEW enadj bos i"ioc.rua lo erusem TaiiJ-o eraoe bed e-ioivr bftsl ynxnwo no 
 1L\ . aole^nA BOvI ni o&vil snonvro siU lo en:o-3 . nolj/;vi^ltro labfiu bnsl 
 fttl enJ . ;. i ... oti c>j'i "^i-... . :,'.> ebrusl ildflj' qcl&vsu oj b&..'rnw "lonwoonxjl 
 bsjoaqxa eci J"ri a iw J-oiTJsxb eii; iloiriw aawlev nl aein silt idiljs nooe J^uo lies 
 
 iim ail? oni^ JA^J- J^ .9831 ,8 ViBUT^al bosinj^jio a^w J-alTJ-3.lb arlT 
 i'Oft bib Joiijaifc fr^ cn ^coii-s Ylii^l lliJ-a a/iw abwcd J'oiix^xb rtoxt/ssifi-i -id: 
 rioxriw 000, 02^ lo au^ai erid 1 lo d"iq al^'isbxenoo e 
 
 000, 1* 'xo A/'!ex Iflrtoij-xfjb HB i9j-f;J .9881 ,o ^lul no J-itroo aitt -^ &9VOTqqfl a*?- 
 xfli-T80 ^ 8 r '* SBW 000,0^ oj" ,-jftxJTtuoina abnoJ eitt lo rtox*ico A . sb/inr Bg* 
 
 osllob aiij- no aJnao S\l 59 to't bftBXiasd'xwS rtx bios ban .ooexonBii aa3 lo iloaind 
 
 P 
 . -jf . abnod aaenj TO! ifillob 6iU ao aJ-flso 88 baviaoet tleaJ-i i-oiiJ-glb 
 
 8i"Tj^oH ni 8^^3x1 iol aJ'Tow 000, 2# .ajiiaxi Te-w iol bab^T^ siaw eonoJ lo rtfiow 
 
 t t>ukiV iioum lo ton na aoia* bfut beJilx^K 11990' Tavsn av^d rtcxriw ,oxru0 
 
 .need .- . . , \ oxtiBi) n^c! ertt nx Telf-w oJ 1 ts^rigii iol 000,35 
 
(2) 
 
 . _ 
 
 traded for work on the tunnel which the district was driving under the San 
 Gatriel River. The plan to develop 
 
 The plan to develop water was devised by F. C. Finkle, engineer for 
 the district, and was to drive a tunnel under the San Gatriel River. Thie plan 
 w?js teing carried out and the tunnel had been driven 3,000 feet when euit was 
 brought by parties owning land near Azuea, Covina and Euarte claiming all the 
 water and asking for an injunction restraining the further construction of the 
 tunnel and the diversion of water by the Vineland district. While this liti- 
 gation was in progress , the San Gabriel Power Company was arranging to take 
 water from the river and in order to satisfy the right claimed by the Vineland 
 district they offered to put in a well within the district which should yield 
 100 miners' inches of water, 50 inches of which they were to pump to the upper 
 edg;e of the district and 50 inches to the middle of the district from which the 
 lower half could be irrigated. They agreed to dig the well and install a 
 pumping plant, and furnish power to pump, the amount of power furnished being 
 proportional to the flow of the river at the same period. Thie arrangement was 
 agreed to by the district and shortly after an injunction was issued against 
 them restraining them from diverting water from the San Gabriel River, eo that 
 
 lit* T-: i..t L-. ' *Q- 
 
 the well installed by the Power Company was virtually a clear gain for the dis- 
 trict. The Power Company soon became dissatisfied with the agreement under which 
 they were bound to furnish power perpetually, proposed to the district that 
 in exchange for a release from this obligation and a return of the electric 
 
 motors furnished, they rould install a 100 H.P. steam engine and boiler and 
 
 f ' * * 
 
 give it to the district- This was agreed to and carried out. 
 
 The district constructed miles of main ditch v,ith concrete lining, 
 2 miles of main pipe line and 4 miles of vitrified clay and cement pipe laterals, 
 be ride e a steel pipe line miles in length to carry water froiri the well to the 
 upper bound ary of the district. It was found that the expense of pumping to tae 
 
(s) 
 
 i. jjaiviia SEW loi'tfaii) e.. . J 1 srU 1 no jfiow -iol 
 
 qolavab oJ nalq orfT . isvxH 
 
 -jo i teenians 4 aI^nj:I .0 . i \d baaivsb aew te^sv qolavei) o* oalq eriT 
 oaie aiaT . i&vxB leiadjsS n*3 artf tabnu lemurf s avirtb oJ arw bne , toil- sib arid" 
 J-ii-a ited-.v i-ss'i 000, S naviib naecf o/.ri lau:ul 9jil. 
 lie js^i 111 ^"^? a-T-suCI bna snivoQ ,f>8usA ijjsa .owl 
 
 erij lo aoijoui^snos "ted^ai;! erti' ^niai^it^&i noixaaut^i n^ iol yniaiafi brua 
 sirii' aliiiVt' .JoitJgii; brtwisaiV aild 1 ytf TeJ-jew *o nois'iavib eiil brue 
 oj aniymjTi* a^-ar x n *T m o^ 13-701 laiidD *te3 .sriJ , assi^oiq. nl SBW 
 fanulsniV sciJ' yd bomislo InaiT oaj- xTs-i^'9 - Tsaic ni b.i isviT &di moil 
 jorfa rioi.iwr tQitt'siz 8iij nirlj-i* Us-* a ni Juq 
 
 ^ qmuq ot aie,v ^anJ rioirtar la ssrioru 02 , ISJ'JBW lo sarioni 'eTsniic 001 
 efij .ioidw raoi'l j-ciij aib aiiJ lo aiobxm erij- oi- tjertoai 02 brus ^oxijaiD etU.lo 3b8 
 JB Ilcranx bi^a Hew erfi" sio ol fadeiyf! i^eiiT . bata^xttx ad blwoo llBii TOWO! 
 gnxad berfssimi/l ixxoc lo ^nuonjs e.-U ,qmjuq oJ lawoq risxn-url baw .J-rwiq ^nxqoujq 
 Mw Jnomsgn^'iifl axA^T . boi'iaq fines *tij j TSVXT ariJ 1 lo woll srij- oJ 1 IBaojtu^oqo^q 
 
 o"9iBjjfi bavsBX er, noxjon^trti n* iaJl vlfiosia one J-oi'i^aio axU yl oJ 1 
 j-jsrit oe , teviH laxTdcO ni32 artJ moil i9;h w ani*TavxD monl 
 -8ib etU Tol BX.B3 
 
 rioinw labay ^namesig^ ^Af citi* bsilaitaosxb efai;o3J' noes \rrfiqmoO tsifo'? enT . 
 d'edJ" Joxiiaib eaj ol beeoqo^q ,xH"i's<I'*6q T3";*q riaimul oJ bnjjod staw 
 oinj-oald 9.1^ lo rcu/Jdi a biw noxj>ilio exiU raoi't as/relat a 10! agnehoxs nx 
 bnc lalxod fcrts aai^na ntsa^B .1. H OCX * Il^J-sfli oli/or ^erfJ" ,biisiniL'l aioJom 
 .Juo baxiTso bos ot beengfi arw axriT -toxtj-axb en* ot J^i evxg 
 .1 6^aT5floo ri*xw rto^ib flijc lo aallm i' bad-owi^anoo JoxiJaxb aiiT 
 
 o oojj ^.Io boxlx'iJiv lo selim # ban snxl aqiq nlem lo aolira ^ 
 aw atit Moil naJ-r 1 1 rex aalit; S anil qiq Xaela 3 <J 
 
 o aefjaoxe . jl af . raib srij- lo vTj?bnuod 
 
(3) 
 
 upper part of the district wae very high and it was discontinued. The coet of 
 pumping WHO thought t,o be too high and the landowners became dissatisfied with 
 the district plan which required all land to be served on the same terms . 
 
 Interest has been defaulted since about 1896. The district's organiza- 
 tion was allowed to lapse, an election of directors being called and not attended. 
 The existing directors then resigned and left the district without a board . 
 Mr. I. K. Rhoaces, who was secretary at that time, as well as a director, resigned 
 his position as director but continued to act as secretary and he is still 
 acting in that capacity. The bonds have not been paid and although the last of 
 the series became due in 1909 there has been no demand for payment of the legally 
 issued bonds . The legality of the bonds has not been seriously questioned in 
 court although most of the people now residing in the district feel confident 
 that it will not be necessary to pay them. It seems very probable that those 
 bonds which were traded for work on the tunnel may te defeated, but the issue 
 of $40,000 which brought in cash are probably a valid lien on the property. 
 
 Since the abandonment of the district organization a portion of the 
 lands included in it have been irrigated from the district's v/ell . The well is 
 475 feet deep and the water rises to 85 feet from the surface . Those whose 
 landr lie at a lower level than the well have gone in together on a co-operative 
 basis and installed a 5C H. P. engine to pump water \vith which to irrigate their 
 land. Mr. I. 1,'. Rhoades, whose land lies in trie upper part of the district, 
 pays the same charges as the others and pumps the water from the well to his 
 place *ith his own engine . A number of wells have been put down in the district 
 and a plentiful supply of water seems to be available. In addition to the water 
 thus secured, the landowners use surplus water from the San Gabriel River when 
 it is available. About 1500 acres are being irrigated now and land values have 
 risen so that they are now from flOO to (5CO per acre. Citrus fruits and alfalfa 
 are nroduced. 
 
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The Vineland Irrigation District was involved in some litigation, the 
 most important case teing that of Vineland Irrigation District v. Azuea Irri- 
 gation Company et al, 126 Cal . 466, wnich concerned rights to the water of San 
 Gabriel River. The district was defeated in the Superior Court of Loe Angeles 
 County and upon appeal the decision was sustained by the Supreme Court. This 
 decision restrained the district from diverting the waters of the San Gabriel 
 River by tur-neling or otherwise anc rendered the noney expended by the district 
 in the construction of the tunnel a complete lose except for the well and pumping 
 machinery which had teen received from the San Gabriel Power Company. The loee 
 thus sustained by the district wae very severe and the people felt that with 
 -uiis resource gone the lands of the district were not worth the amount of tne 
 tends standing against them and refused to pay taxes. Tne decision of Judge Rose 
 in 1895 was also an influence \;hich discouraged them and made them feel that 
 perhaps after all they would not have to pay the bonds . 
 
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WALNUT IRRIGATION DISTRICT. 
 Los Angeles County - Organized August 10, 1893 - Area 869 3/4 acres. 
 
 The Walnut Irrigation District is situated in LOB Angeles County 
 near the little town of Rivera. Prior to the organization of the district the 
 landowners acquired or claimed to have acquired certain rights to the waters of 
 the San Gabriel River. They were using surplus water which was discharged from 
 the lower end of the Standifer Ditch and had made certain filings on the river. 
 It was thought that by organizing an irrigation district under the Bright Act 
 it would be possible to condemn a right of way through the Standifer Ditch and 
 thus secure a more ample and certain supply of water. With this end in view the 
 district was organized August 10, 1893. There was very little opposition to 
 the formation of the district. One landowner by the name of J. K. Burke opposed 
 it and later made trouble for the district in regard to the distribution of 
 water, but most of thelandowners were highly in favor of the move. 
 
 The land within the district was held in email tracts averaging 
 probably 15 or 20 acres with one or two large tracts of about IOC acree each. 
 A considerable portion of the land was irrigated and land was worth from (250 
 to ^300 per acre. The entire area of 869 3/4 acres was irrigable and all that 
 was needed was an ample and certain water supply . 
 
 Shortly after organization the district brought suit against the 
 Standifer Ditch Company to condemn a right of way through their ditch for 200 
 miners' inches of water. A decree was given as asked on ? : ay 21, 1895, the 
 district to pay for the enlargement of the ditch and to pay two-fifths of the 
 cost of maintenance. In accordance with this decree the district enlarged the 
 Standifer ditch and secured an abundant supply of water. The length of ditch 
 improved was about 4 miles and in addition the district built a wooden flume 
 within its own boundaries at a cost of ^6,OCO. The flume has since been 
 
*\ SS2 JB&iA - 681 ,01 Sw^A bssittfi^'iO - tJayoO .BalajnA eoj 
 
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 .\iqqua le^KW J:*^"so bnj? alqnuj OB 
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(2) 
 
 replaced by a concrete flume which cost |8,COO. The amount expended in 
 improving the Standifer Ditch was about $7,000 so that the works of the 
 District have cost over |21,COO. The district has also purchased atout 17 
 acres of land at the point of diversion from the San Gabriel River. 
 
 The improvements made by the district have all been paid for by 
 special assessments . There exists a strong prejudice against the creation 
 of a bonded indebtedness and for this reason the landowners have preferred 
 to make an effort and pay cash for all improvements. The heaviest assess- 
 .T^ent was for 47.50 per acre and there have been other assessments so that 
 the aggregate has been over 24 per acre, but the landowners feel that the 
 benefits derived from irrigation have far more than repaid them for the 
 outlay . 
 
 The litigation of the district, aside from the suit to condemn 
 a right of way through the Standifer Ditch, has consisted of suits to restrain 
 landowners from using water on lands outside of the district. The first case 
 on this subject w^s that of Jenison v. Walnut Irrigation District. Jenieon 
 owned land both within the district and without, and he claimed that he was 
 entitled to a fixed ehare of the total amount of water owned by the district 
 and could use that share on whatever part of his property he v,ished to. The 
 district disputed hie right to carry the water to that part of his land which 
 lay without the borders of the district and the courts upheld the district in 
 its contention. In the case of the Vialnut Irrigation District v. Eurke , the 
 circumstances were similar in that Eurke owned land both within and without 
 the district, but in this case the outside landr owned by Eurke had been 
 entitled to water from the Standifer Ditch before the organization of the 
 district and the Supreme Court held (110 Pac . 519) that Burke nd^ht continue 
 to use water on the land v;ithout the district in view of the fact that he had 
 so ueed it before the organize.tion of the district and that the ditch from 
 
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 . oJ- ban'ii.7 en ^Taqoiq aia lo J"tRq lavaJ'/niw no eTfliia fsat eau bluoo boe 
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which the water was eo diverted lay above that to which the district had a 
 title in fee simple, said ditch having, at the point in question, been constructed 
 by Burke and subsequently enlarged by the district. The decision, therefore, 
 really was to the effect that the water used on the land of Burke which lay 
 outside of the district had never belonged to the district and that therefore 
 the district could not restrain Burke from using it as he pleased eo long a 
 the district was not damaged thereby. 
 
 The operation of the Walnut Irrigation Idetrict has been of great 
 benefit to the community. Practically all of toe land within the district 
 hae been brought under irrigation and even unimproved land cannot be bought 
 for leee than $800 per acre. Land which is in bearing orchards sell s readily 
 for $2, CCO per acre. The land holdings are of small tracts averaging about 
 acres. There is one tract of a little over 100 acres and one of 70 acres, 
 but aside from these the holdings are small. 
 
 The cost of water is very small, being merely enough to cover the cost 
 of attendance by a zanjero. It amounts to about 25 to 30 cents per acre foot, 
 the specific charge being 10 cents per nour for a flow of between 200 and 250 
 .ilnere' inches. The cost per acre is thus less than 1 per year and as the 
 crops produced are nalnuts, oranges and alfalfa, the rater charge is 
 exceedingly reasonable. V.-ater is abundant and e V ery landowner receives all he 
 want e . 
 
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 . 3- 
 
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 - 'QQQ 
 
 
 SEP 61980 
 
 SEWTONILL 
 
 
 AUG 1*1994 
 
 MAY 9 1 TflBI 
 
 
 
 U C BERKELEY 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 0bCC 
 
 
 
 n> r~ r* O i 1QP 
 
 
 
 Duv/ w" W^ 
 
 
 
 SEP ? 3 j.qq' 
 
 
 
 
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 Myi40.7:BfflJ 
 
 
 SEP * 19"' I 
 
 vjL.1 
 
 
 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY 
 FORM NO. DD6, 60m, 3/80 BERKELEY, CA 94720 
 
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10878 
 
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 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY