mmtm mmmmmmmmm MM ■HMiii^i^^BkMt^iJa EM MEAAOREAM Albin Putzker r" 7r(<^^. Digitized by tine Internet Arciiive in 2008 witii funding from IVIicrosoft Corporation littp://www.arcliive.org/details/bookofgermandactOOwagnricli A BOOK OF GERMAN DACTYLIC POETRY. I ^cramctcr ju mv-id;cn, S)ie ireber l^infcn nod^ frad^cn. Sai5 finb m6)t Scbcrmann^ Sac^cn 91. ®. ©^Icoic: "Germany's great poets have clothed sublime thoughts in hexameter verse." A. Baskerville, The Poetry cf Cerwany, p. x\. ttt |)«ss Bnm. A BOOK OF GERMAN DACTYLIC POETR\ / ARRANGED AND ANNOTATED BY WILHELM WAGNER, Ph.D PROFESSOR AT THE JOHANXEUM, HAMBURG. EDITED FOR THE SYNDICS OF THE UNIVERSITY PRESS. Cambntrge : AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS. 5Lont(on: CAMBRIDGE WAREHOUSE, 17, Paternoster Row. Cambridge: DEIGHTON, BELL, AND CO. 1878 \All Rights rest7-JcdJ] i 'y* v. CambriUsc : PRINTED BY C. J. CLAY, M.A. AT TIIR UNIVERSITY PRESS. PREFACE. THE present collection of German Dactylic Poetry is intended to introduce into English schools a number of the more difficult, and, for this reason, hitherto less studied compositions of German poetical litera- ture, beginning with Voss and coming down to the most eminent of our living poets, E. Geibel. It is hoped that this collection — small as it is, but con- taining nothing but gems — will be appreciated by those whose aims are not confined to merely impart- ing a certain knowledge of the German language, but who endeavour to instil mental culture of the highest order through the medium of German litera- ture — which may in this respect well measure itself with the intellectual and poetical wealth of ancient Greece. To mention but one poem contained-^ in the present volume, it may be said that those who have once mastered the whole purport of Schiller's ' Spazievgangl will henceforth keep and cherish it as °- 567 i'.^:^ 2 PREFACE. a treasure and a joy for ever. The Notes have been prepared with great care, and the Editor has been anxious to avail himself of the labours of preceding commentators, wherever such existed. In the greater part of the work, he was, however, obliged to rely on his own resources. He begs to acknowledge his numerous obligations to Mr R. L. Bensly for the very great care with which that learned gentleman read the commentary before it went to press, and for the valuable sufrcfcstions he Vvas kind enough to make. Hamburg, Noi'cmber, 1877. CONTENTS. PAGE I. 2)er ^cvatnctev . . SCHLEGEL . 7 --> JDer fpifd^e ^namtkx . . Schiller -. 8 3- Jtia^ S)iili(i)on . . Schiller i^ 4. 25er fiebji^fie ©cburtjjta^j . Voss ib. 5- S)er (Spajieu3aiu3 . . Schiller i.S 6. ?Ird>imebc^ unb bev <£d;iUcv . . Schiller -• -J 7- *]5ompcj[i unb ^erfutanum . Schiller ih. 8. Dbijfifeu^ .... . Schiller ^7 9- 6olumbu6 .... . Schiller 2S 10. ^eutfd^e 'Xxim . . Schiller /A II. !I)cutf(f>ei- ©eniuiJ. . Schiller 29 12. erfie^viM . Goethe id. 13- 3tt>eitc (Spi\id . . Goethe 33 14. SUe.i-ig unb Xcxw . . Goethe J3 I — 2 4 CONTENTS. page 15- giom . SCHLEGEL . . 40 i6. 3)ic (Sic^bdume . . HOELDERLIN . 51 17. Sin ben Sletfjcr . . HOELDERLIN . ib. 18. 2)ie Sifc^er auf (Sapri . . Platen. . 53 19- Slmalfi .... . Platen • 55 20. 3)a3 Sift^crmdbc^cn in SSurai 10 . Platen. . 58 21. 3m !I()cater ju ilaormina . Platen . . 60 22. 2)ie fc^one a3uc^c . Moerike . 61 23- (S^etibono . . Geibel. . 62 24- ®rab be^ 3:()cmiiloKeg . . Geibel , . 63 25. ©nomen . Geibel . . ib. 26. (2^a!efpfarc . Geibel . . . 64 27. @cttunba)icnfc^. . Geibel . . ib. 28. JDer ®(au6c . , . Geibel . . ib. Notes . -•.;::'7:j . . 65 Notes on the Authors ■» 9 . . . . • . 144 RULES OF GERMAN PROSODY. I. 1. All accented syllables are long. 2. All radical syllables are long, whether accented or not. 3. All suffixes and inseparable prefixes are short. Obs. I. Monosyllabic auxiliary verbs (^at, ifl, muf, iciK, fann) may sometimes be treated as short. It is not, however, correct to extend this licence to other monosyllabic verbs, such as gibr, lad)!, iveint etc. Obs. 2. In compound nouns the second substantive is some- times, though incorrectly, treated as short by earlier poets, notably by Goethe and Schiller, e. g. ^cnicjsburg is -^ ■- -^ {ainphimacer) in modern German prosody, though the writers referred to use it also as -^ ^ -' {dactyl). For further particulars see our introduction to Goethe's Her- mann a?id Dorothea, Pitt Press Edition, pp. xvii. sq. II. 1. A dactylic hexameter consists of five dactyls (^ ^ ^), and one trochee (^ --), or spondee {-^ -). 2. A dactyl (-^ - -) may be replaced by a spondee (-^ -) in the first four feet. Obs. It is not unfrequently replaced by a trochee (-^ ^), es- pecially when the employment of trisyllabic compounds cannot 6 RULES OF^ GERMAN PROSODY. be'ravb'ide/j.' Goethe r.hd Schiller permit themselves considerable licence in this respect. 3. There is generally a pause {caesura) after the first arsis (i. e. accented long syllable) of the third foot. Obs. By shifting the caesura, the rhy-thm of a line may be considerably changed. Hence a careful poet should pay special attention to the treatment of the caesura. 4. A pentameter consists of two parts, each containing two dactyls and an additional long syllable. In the second part the last syllable may be either long or short. 5. In the first half of a pentameter the dactyls may be replaced by spondees, but this is inadmissible in the second half. 6. A hexameter and a pentameter joined together are called a distich. A poem consisting of alternate hexameters and penta- meters is called an elegiac poem. The following is a scheme of the metres in which the poems contained in the present volume are written : —^^ —^\j — w {Jicxafnder). —^^ — «j' ^iing^^^orijcut auc>bcf)ut, unb bcr 2(u!$bllif nir^cnb um|'cf)ranft ift, 2)af bcr unnvolbcubc J^immcl tic (Jpo^Olmnp, ba5 gcmaltigc 33i(b, in ben eidi)cit 'ooU, Sei)rfpruc^e ten ^orcnbcn einpra^t, £)ber cjefelliger i^ixkn Sb^llien lieblic^ umftiiftert. ^ei( bir, ^^fleger ^omerd ! erjrunirbi^er 5)hinb ber Drafc( I 2)ein mil ferner cjebenfen ic^ noc^ unb anbern ©efangcd. 2. 1)cx evifit)c 4^cramctcr. £d;rt>inbc(nb trviojt cr bic^ fort auf raft(o6 ftromcnben SSogen ; »&{nter bir fic()ft bu, bu fic()ft ttor bir nur ^pimmcl unb ^})Zecr. (2 driller. 3. gas gisticlj0it. 3m ^cramctcr ftclgt be^ (SpringqiieU6 fliiffige 8au(e ; 3m pentameter braiif fadt fie melobifc^ ^erab. 4. Qn" sicbfigslt 6^bxtrfstag. 5liif bie ^ofti((e c^ebiicft, jiir (Seitc bei3 nvirmenben Tfeui?, @a(3 ber reblic^e ^amm in bem 2el)nftul)l, UJelc^er mit 8($ni^ix>erf UnD braunnarbivjem 3uc(;t i^o(( fci;nH'llenber ^aaxc ge5iert n?ar: ^^vimm, feit ^ierjic^ 3af)ren in Sto().\ bem gefegneten greiborf, 5 Oi\]anift, affer gereic^t, unb Sitte (je(ef)rt unb (^rfenntnif^, l)ann jur 2^rauung gcfpie(t, unb f)inireg fcf;on mand;en gefungen. Oft nun fa(tenb tic syant)', unb oft mit lauterem 50iurme(n 1 o ^^a^ er bie troftenben 6pruc^' unb (Srmatjnungen. 5iber allmal)liit) Starrte fein ^licf, unb cr fanf in crquicfenben ^Diittag^fci^lummer. gcftlid; prangte ber @rei^ in geftreifter fatmanfener 3acfe; Unb bei entglittencr 33ri(r unb filbcrfarbencm ^J')auptf)aar \?ag auf bem 53ucf;c bie 9}h'il)e i^on inolettcnem (rammet, i5l\)cit gud;i?pc(se verbramt unb gefd;mi"uft mit golCener 3^robbc(. T)enn cr fcierte f)eute ben fieb^igften frof}en ©eburt^tag, grof) bei5 erlebeten 43eil^. 6ein einjiger cm (Sc^cmcl c^cprcMcjct, iiub, »ou bcm 5(u^erfef)u fiir bie ivirc^e, mit 5Zotf) ^oUcnbct tie :^aufba()n 2)urc^ bie latcinif($e ©c^ur unb bie t^euere 5(fabcmie burc^ : 20 2)er n^ar jd^t einf)eU{g enixif)(ctcr ^farrer in ^erli^, Hub fcit fiu^cm t)crma()(t mit bcr H)irtC}lic^cn ^oc^ter be^ 33orfa^v5. gernf)cr ^atte bcr (Boi)n jur 35er[)crrlic^ung fcinc^ ©etnirt^tag^ Gb(cn Xobad mit bcr grad;t unb ftarfcnbe SBcine gcfcnbct, 5(uc^ in bem 53viefc gclobt, er fclOft unb bie freunblid;e ©attin, 25 ^emmctcn ni^t ^oi){mc\' unb lurfc^neicte ©runbe bie ^urc^fal)rt, ^ic^erlic^ famcn [ie bcibc, i)a^ gcft mit bem SSatcr ju feiem llnb ju empfa[)n ben (Sccjen ^on ii)m unb ber n?urbigcn 9)hitter. (Sine t^erficgclte glafd^e mit 9U)cinu>cin fy^ttc bcr ^atcr grof) fic^ gcfpenbct jum 5)ial}( unb mit 5)tutterc^en auf bie @e^ funbljcit 30 3^rc^ @ol)n^ 3^if^^^'i^i^ G*^^^^^^^l* ^^^ ^^^ freunblic^cn ©attin, 2)ie fie fo gcrn nod; fai)en unb Xb(^kx^cn nanntcn unb balb and) ^}}^uttcrc^cn, ac^ ! an bcr SSiccje bcr (Snfclin ober be6 ^nfcli^. 33iel noc^ fprad;cn fie fort ^on ^agcn bc^ @ram5 unb bcr ^^roftuncj, Unb \vk \\(i) alk^ nunmc()r auflof in I)cl)ai3lid;cd 5I(tcr: 35 „@utc5 gcivoKt, mit 33crtraun unb 33cl)arrlic^fcit, fuf)rct jum Slu^gang : @o(c^c^ crfu()rcn iinr fc(6ft, bu ^rautcfte, fo(c^c6 ber (So^n auc^. ^ab' id) boc^ immcr gcfacjt, mnn bu ti?cinctcft: grau, nur gcbulbii] ! 33ct' unb t>crtrau' ! 3e grower bie 9cotf), je naf)er bie 9?cttung. Sc^iDcr ift alter ^ccjinn ; \vcx cjctroft fortcjef)et, ber fommt an." 40 gcurigcr rief e5 ber ©rci^, unb (a5 bie erbaulic^e ^rebigt Tiad), \m hn ^pcrlincj ernal}r' unb He Cilie flcibe ber SSater. 10 Tcr ficbjivjftc (5)cburt^ta(^. 2)od^ bcr Imlfamifi-^e Xxant, bcr altcnbe, lofte bent ^Ukn ©anft ben bcf)a9lid;cu (Sinn imb buftctc fiife Sctviubuitg. 45 9}h'ittcrc^cn fyitk mit ^ci\]' if^r frcunbncf)c6 (^tubc^en nfji^^^^/ 2I>o i^on bcv em (nnfenbeflocf)tenen (EpinnftuM, 70 Sangfam, trippelte bann auf fnivrenbem (Zanbe ^ur 2Banbu()r ^cx fiebjicjfte ©cburt^tag. ir $eif unb fniipftc Mc Srf)mir bc5 (Sc^(ag(5en>i(^t5 an ben ^Racjcl, 2)ag il)m ben €cl;(af nict)t [tore ba^ fluu^enbe OJla^ unb ber ivufuf. • ^el^o fat) fie i)inaxi^, nne bie ftobcvnben glocfen am genftcr ^Kiefelten, unb une ber Dft bort unvbelte, bort in ben (Sfc^en Diaufc^t' unb ber l)upfenben 5vra()n guptvitte ^evUKf)f an ber (Ec^euer. 75 Sange mit ernftem Gieficf)!, if)r «gaupt unb bie ^anbc tcyregenb, 6tanb fie ^ertieft in (^ebanfen unD fliifterte ()alb, n\>3 fie bac^tc: ,; Sieber ©ott, nne c^ ftiirmt unb ber (Sc^nee in ben @runbcn fic^ anl)auft! firmer, iver jctU auf 9^eifen ()inburc5 mu^, feme ber Ginfe^r ! 5lu(^ ir>er,2Seib su ernnirmen unD £[nb,au^n\inbert nad) Dieioi^ol^, So 43ungrii3 oft unb jerhim^^t ! ^ein 5}ienfc^ )x>ci)i jagte bei folcbem S5>etter ben ^^unb au^ ber 2^1)ur, \xkx feine^ 2>ie()6 fic^ erbarmet! Dennoc^ fommt mein So()nc(;en, ta^ geft mit bem 33ater5U feiern! 333a5 cr n^ollte, ba^ u^oUt' cr, i^on i^inb auf. @ar ju befcnber^ 2Bu()(t mir ba^ §erj. Unb fel)t, nne t)ic ^a^' auf bem Xritte bc^ 3:ifrf}e^ 85 8c^nurrt unb bad ^4-H'i^^t($^nt fic^ lecft, auc^ 33art unb 9uicfen fic^ pullet ! 2)a6 bebeutet ja grembe nad^ aKer SSerniinftigen Urt{)eil." Sprac^'d, unb trat an ten (ipie^^el, bie feftlic^e ^anh ju crbnen, SBcIc^e ber ^ater i^crfc^ob, mit bem £up au^gleic^enb hn Stinefpalt ; ^cnn er leerte bad ®(ad auf bie ^nfelin, fie auf ben (Fnfel. 90 SRi^t ganj fitame fic^ meiner bie grau im mobifc^en £o).'»f5eUv3 ! 2)ac^te fie leif im ^^er^en unb lac^eltc felber ber Xtjox^dt. 9^eben bem fc^jlummernben ©reif, an ber anbern S'cfe bed ^ifc^cd, 12 2)er ficbjic^ftc ©cburt^tac^. !I)ccfte fic jc^t cin 3^uc^ »on feiiu^cmotcltcm ^DviHicf), 95 (BtcUcte baitit bie ^affcn mit jittcrnbcn .^anbcn in Crbmmg; ^Ind) Me blcd;cuc 2) of, unb bariu grof;flumpu]cn 3«rfcr, Xxu^ fic r)erttor au6 bem Sc^ranf unb fc^cui^te bie [umfcnbcn glicgcn, ^k i^r 93Zann mit bcr £fa|)pc ^crfc^ont jur SSintcrgcfcllfd^aft; 5luc^ bcm ©cfimf ent()ob fie cin ^aar 2;()onpfcifcn mit ^^ofcn, loo ©run unb xot^, unb Iccjte Xohad auf ben jinncrncn ^^cUcr. Sl(0 fie brinncn nunmcl)r ben ©mpfang bcr 5^inber bercitct, ©ieng fie ^iimu5 t»orfi(^tig, hamit nic^t fnarrte bcr 2)rucfer. 5Iu^ bcr ©cfinbcftube barauf, ^om rummclnbcn Spulrvib, 9iief fie, bie Xi)ux ()alb offnenb, 5Jiaric, bie gefc^aftige ^au^magb, 105 SBcIc^e cje()a^pcltc5 ©arn ^cn bcr 3Sinb' abfpulte jum SScben, ^^aftigen (Sd^umncj^, t)on bcm 3Sebcr cjcmal^nt unb cigcncm ei)rgci^ ^eifcr ertOnte bcr D^luf; unb cjc[}emmt tvar ^loljlic^ bcr Km? fc^itjung : „g[inf, kbenbige 5io()(cn, ?}!arie, a\i^ bcm Cfcn gcfc^arrct, 2)ic^t an bie $(atte bcr SBanb, tk ben 2cf}nftul}l u>armct im 9i lief en ; no 2)vi^ ic^ fvifc^ (bcnn cr fcf)mc(ft incl fraftiy^cr) brcnnc ben ^affce. «§ei^e mit 5iicn bannu>icbcr unb^^orf unb bucf;cncm (Stamm()ol5, Di)nc ©craufc^, bap nic^t au6 bcm (5c^(af aufivac^c bcr ^atcr. 8inft ba6 gcucr in &{ut{), bann fc^icbc ben fnorrivjen £(o|3 nac^), 3)er in bcr 9?ac^t forti](immt, bcm kibicjen grofte jur 5(bn?cf)r. 115 Sicbjigjafjrigc finb nicf;t groftliny^c, u>cnn fie im (iommcr ©cm an bcr (Sonn' aui?ru(}n unb am ivarmenben iDfen im Sinter. Sludf; fiir bie iiinberc!^cn mot)( brauc^t'^ grunblid^e SQBarme jum 2(uft()aun/' !Dcr ficbjigftc Okburt^tag. 13 9iafc^ kr (5rma[)ncnben folgtc Ttaxk unb fpra($ im §erau6^ „58arf(^ burc^!a(tct bcr Dft ; U>cr im (Eturm luftrcifct, {ft iinf(uq ; ?Rur cin tt)af){ii]c5 H>aar, ^t^ie ba^ Hnfric^e, bammc(t (}inburct> u>o(}l. 120 SSarmcnbcu ^raiif auc^ bra^f ic^ bcu ^alberd;en ijcut unb ben 5[ud^ ^ie( ^))armcnbe 8treu in ba5 gac^. (Sd^onmabc^cn unb 33(uminq S3rummtcn am ^Irog unb Iccftcn bie §anb unb Uef en fic^ fraueln." (Sprac^\\ unb fobalb fie bem Dfen bie funfelnben 5io()(cn ent^ fc^arrct, Segte fie geurung ()inein unb irecftc bie (Shitf) mit bem Sla^KiK], 125 »§uftenb, unb fc^impfte ben 9^ui($, unb m\d)U bie ti}ranenben ©mfig ftanb an bem «gcerbe ba^ ^'Rxittcxd)cn, brannte ti^n £affce Ueber ber ©lutf) in ber ^^fann' unb ru^rte mit t)oI^erncm Soffel : i^natternb fc^ioi^ten bie 33ol)nen unb braunten fi^, ^Vvit)renb ein iviivjic^ 2)uftenber Cualm aufbampfte, bie £u^' unb bie Diele burc^.- rauc^ernb. 130 <5ie nun tangte bie Tlxiijk tjcxah t>om ©efimfe be3 (Sc^ornftcino, <£c^uttcte ^o^nen barauf, unb feft mit \)cn i^nieen fie ^uvangenb, ^^ielt fie ben Oium^f in ber Sinfen unb brei)ete muutcr \^cn 5^nopf um; Oft auc^ f)upfenbe 33or)nen ^om €c^ocp t)au^^ba(terifd> fammclnb, @of fie auf cjraue^3 ^nipicv ten grobciemablenen ^affee. $lo^(ic^ ^emmte fie nun tk raffclnbe 5Diubr in bem Umlauf ; Unb ju Waxk, bie ben £)fen iHTfpiinbete, fprac^ fie gebietenb : i; 00 14 ^ct ficbjicjftc ®c6urt6ta(^. „(^ife, Tlaxic, uub [pcrrc bcii it^ac^famcii ^uub in ba5 Sacff)au5 ; !Daf, mmx Kt (Ec^littcn fi($ na()t, bai3 ©cbcK ui($t [tore ten 33atcr. 140 2)cnft auc^ Zi)c\n^ an bie itar^^fcu fiiv unfcvn 8o()it unb bcu Rafter, !l)et un^ 311 5(bcnb bcc^rt, i^r Sicblini^^cffcit "oon 5I(tcrd? ^^or er »or bunfclcr 9iac^t, fonft gc()t il)m bcr fit^lic^c gifc^er ^(i)\vcxiid) jum^aUcr ()inab. 5lu^^orfic(;t6rincy ibm ben 33cutcll 2Bcnn cr auc^ tvocfcnci3 «§o(5 fiir bie ^vat^am^ bie tvir gcftopfet, 145 SpUtterte ! SBrin^y i(}m ba$3 33eil unb kbeut' iijnl 2)ann im 93orbeii3e()n <8tci9* auf ben 3!aubcnfcl;(a(j unb fief), ob ber (Sc^iittcn nic^t anfoinmt ! " 5^aum gcfagt, fo enteitte 9?larie, bie gefcbafti^ie »5auv5mai^b, 9^el)menb i^on vupic^ter 3)tauer bvv3 ^eil unb ben mafc^icjen 33eute( ; §ocftc bentreuen ^Jtonarc^ mit ©eburt^^tvig^^bvocfen uim 55ac!f)am^ 150 gern an ben ©avten l)inab, unb fcf^ic^ mit bev iivampe ben 5^cvfer. 5Infanv36 !val3tc bev ^i\](\' unb unn[e(te; aber fobalb er SSdrme rod; i^om fvifc^en (Sebacf bei3 feftlid;en ^robec^, Sprang cr be()cnb auf ben £)fen unb ftvecft* au^3ruf)enbe ©lieber. Sene lief in bie (5rf;eunc, n?o Xi)om^ mit c^eu\a(tiy]er 5lrbeit 155 ^acferling fd)nitt, benn ii)n fror, unb fie fai]t' in ber (Site ben 5tuftrag : „ Splitterc ^ol5 fur bie ©an3 unb l)cV in bem 53eutel bie ^avpfen, 2;f)om?, v>or bunfe(er Tiadjt ; fonft t^ebt bir ber finliitc gifc^er (Sc^tvevlic^ 5um .falter binab, tvol) unfevem 8o(>n unb bem H>aftov!" ' !Dcr fieb^ic^ftc ©cbiirtdtag. 15 ^f)om$ antiDOvtctc brauf unb fteUte bie «§acfer(iiU3(ab' tjin : „ Splitter, Tlaxic, unb 5favpfcn »cvfi$aff' ic^ bir, fvut)cr bcnn 9Zot[) ift. 1^0 3©cnn an bcm f)cuti(]cn Xag^c fid) fif3(i(f; ?ciy^ct bcr gifc^er, 2^reib' icf) ben 5li|3cl il)m auiJ; unb balb ift bcr vjpattcrgcOffnct!" 5((fo ber rufti^e ^ncc^t ; ba rannte fie burc^ ba6 ©cftijber, (itieg auf ben 3^aubenfd;(ac3, unb puftctc, ricb fic^ bie »§anbc, (Etccfte fie untcr bie Sc^iir^' unb \d)ino^ fi($ I'ibcr bie (3($u(tern. 165 5i(d fie mit fd;arferem 33liif in be^ Sd)ncc^5 umnebctnbcn 25irbcln Spa()ete -, fief)e ba fam'^ mit ^crbetf tern (l)cftu(;( mc ein 'ccC;litten, ^etc^er t?om S3er3 in ha^ 2)orf fjcrflinijcitc. Sc^nell t)on ber Inciter 8ticg fie [)erab unb brac^te ber cmfu]cn 9}^utter bie 33otfc5aft, 23e(c^e ber 3)^i((^ abf(^i>pfte ben 9iaf)in 3U feft(id}em ilaffee. 170 „ 5)^utter, e6 fcmmt iine ein (B^tittcn j ic^ n?ei^ nic^t fic^cr, 5nfo 5D^arie : ba t?ertor bie erfc^rocfcne 9J?uttcr ten Soffcl ; Unter if)r bcbtcn bk ^nk' ; unb fie licf mit fiopfenbcm ^crjcn, ?ltf)emio5: iijv cntfli\] im bafti^]cn Sauf bcr -^^antcffcL Sene lief ju ber ^sfort' unb bjfncte. 9iabcr unb nal)cr 175 i^am ba^ ©cfling' mt ba5 ii(atfd;en bcr $eitfc^' unb bcr $fcrbc ©etrampcL Turn, nun lenftcn f)crein bk mut[)igen 9^ off in \>cn c^ofraum, ^(anfi3efc^irrt : unb ber (2d;litten mit I>alb fc^on cffncm ^er^ becfftu()( ^^ieft an bcr 3^t)ur', unb e$ fc^nobcn, befc^ncit unb bampfenb, bie 9tenncr. 3}^utterd^en ricf,, 533 infommcn!" babcr : „^i>iafommcn, i{;r ilinblein! ' iSo 1 6 Ter ficSjicjft? ®c(nirt^tayv ""Mt \[)x auc^ nod;?" unb rcic^tc bic X^anD' in ben fc^onen 3}crbccfftul}( ; „\^cbt in bcm cjrimmivjcn Oft mcin Zb^kxd)n\V' !Dann, fur firf; fclbcr 5^ur 5U fovgcn, crmaf)nt : „^apt, 5?inberc^cn !" fprcic^ fie, „bcm (Sturmunnb 5Bc^rct ba^ ^^au5 ! 3c^ Hn ja ^cm cifcrncn ^crnc bcr 5?ortrc(t ! 185 Stct^ wax unfcr ©cfc^lcc^t ftcin()art unb ^^craittcr bci? 3I?cttcr^^ ; 2U>er tk jimgcre 5Bclt ift jart unb fc(;cuct bic SuG^uft." (Sprac^'^, unb ben 8o()n, ber bem 8d^litten entfprcing, urn* armtc fie eilit], »^uUte ta^ Zbd)tcxdi)m bann au5 barcn^ictti^^em Ju^nicf, Unb liebfofete ^iel, mit 5tug unb bebaucvnbem 6tveiitcln, 190309 bann Knb', in ber Sinfen ben Sof)n, in ber Oiec^ten bie ^od^ter, Dkfc^ in bvi^ §aut^ bem ©efinbe bed gai:}r5cuv3d Sorcje t?cr^ trauenb. „^hcx n?o blcibt mein 35ater? G'r ift boc^ c^efunb am &d>uxtmo^V' gragte ber Mi feijnetl" (Sprac^V^ unb fut)rte fie leif in ber cc^ule gefaubertei? 3immer, 2)cr fieb^igfte ©eOurtotag. 17 53oU )>on Tit'c^ itnb @cftuf)l, S^rcib^cug unb k^ifferteu ^afeln, 5i3o fie an ^^[locf' auf[)aiu]te Me norbifc^c Sinteri>cvnuimnuinc^, DJJantel, mit glocfen gcitjcipt, unb bcr Zod)kx beiiniubcrtcn Seibpelj, 200 ■5luc^ ben glor, bcr bic 3Sangcn c^efc^irmt, iinb t^a^ fcibene Unb fie umfcf)(og bie (Snt()u((tcn mit ftromcnbcr Z^xanc bcr Snbvunft : „^cc^tcr nnb (3o(}n, nnllfommcn ! an'd ^crj, nnllfcmmcn nocf) cinmal ! 3^r, iinC 5((tcnbcn ?\rcnb', in grciib' aucb ciiki nnb cjrcifct, 8tct6 cinmiit()igc6 Sinm^, unb unnDol}nt i^on gcbci(}cnbcn 5^inbcrn ! 205 5^un mag brccf)cn ba$ 5(uge, ba bic^ ^rir gcfc^en im ?Imt^rccf, (Sof)n, unb bicf) il)m »crmah(t, bu fvifc^ anfMii^cnbcs? ^crjblatt ! §[rmc^ 5vinb, Unc ba5 gan^c Olcficf)t roth g(iU)ct vom €ftunnb ! D bu (8cc(cngcfic^t ! !l:cnn id) bu^c bicf), u>ci( bu c6 fobcrft j Slber bie 8tub' ift n\irm, unb glcic^ foil bcr iiaffce bcrcit fcin I" 210 3^)x urn ben 9uicfcn bic 5lvme gcfcBmicgt, licbfoftc bie ^ocf^tcr : „5)iuttcr, icf) bni3C bid> aucfv u>ic tic Iciblicl)c, bic mict* gcbcrcn ; SKfo gcfc^al)'^ in bcr ^Mbcl, ba .gcrj unb 3nngc vcrcint n\u : 2)cnn bu gcbarft unb er^ogft mir ben iracfcren (SoI)n 3«^<$^ii^i^^/ 2)er an SEuc^^ unb ©cmiitb, nne er fagt, nact^artct bcm SSatcr. 215 ^}}iiitterc^cn, l)abc mic^ licb, id; WiU an^ artige^ ^inb fcin. grL>{}{icf)c^ S^cx] unb rotbc^^ (5U'fi({)t, tai l}aV icb bcftanbig, 5(uc^ Wcnn bcr Cft nic^t ^vci^t. 5)tcin ^^atcrc()cn fagte mir oftmal^, iilopfcnb bic Sang', ic^ iinu-be noc^ franf vcr (autcr ©cfunb^cit." 3c Jo fagte bcr 8obn, fcin 3Bcib barftcKcnb bcr 5}Juttcr: 220 D. 2 --:) i8 2)cr (Spa^icr^ang. „Sfflntkx^a\, nebmt fie auf @(au6en. 80 jart unb gefc^lanf, iine fie t)a\ici)t, 3ft fie mit Seib unb 6eele »om cbelften iterne ber SSomelt. !Dap fie bcr Tlntkx nur nid^t ba6 $ev3 ah\d))x>a^t M 5Sater^ ! 5?omm bcnn itnb bring' aU ©abc bm jartlic^ften 5tup jum @e? hnxmac^l" (Bc{)alU)a}t laddie brob unb fprac^ ble trcpc^e ©attin: „!)lic^t jur ©ebuvt^tag^gabe ! 2Ba6 ^cffcvc6 bring' ic^ im 5^offer Unfercm 33ater 5ur 2uft unb bem !Oiiitter(^en, o{)ne bein Stiffen!" 6prad^'^, unb fa^te bem Tlannc bie «g)anb ; bie fiif)rcnbe 5}^utter Dcffnetc leife bie Xf)ur', unb Hep bie 5^inbcr f)ineinge^n. 230 5lber bie junge Srau, x>o\i ^W im larf)e(nben Slntli^, ^iipfte ^orau5 unb fiifne ben @reii5. 93^it i>erminberten 5higcn ^al) er empor unb ()ing in ber trauteften i^inber Umarmung. 3. §. a5cf (1781). Sei mir gcgrufU, mcin 33crg mit bem xoti}ii6} ftrat}(enben ©ipfel! 8ei mir, Sonne, gegriipt, bie il)n fo (ieblic^ befct)eint! 5)ic^ and) griifV ic^, bclebte glur, euct), faufelnbe Sinben, Unb ben frb^lic^en (^t)Ox, ber auf hm 5leften fid^ unegt ! 5 9iu[)ige 33(aue, bii-^ and), bie uncrmcplid^ fi^ au^giept Urn i)a^ braunc ©ebirg, iiber kn grunenben SBalb, 5Iuc^ urn mii-^, ber, eublid; cntfIot)n tc^ 3imineri5 ©cfangnip Unb bem cngen ©efpracf;, freubig fid) rettet ju bir. 3)einer Siifte balfamifrf;cr Strom burcf)rinnt mid) erquicfenb, 10 Unb ben burftigen ^Miif labt t}a^ eucrgii\1)e ^ic^t. i?raftig auf b(ut)enber 5hi erglanjen bie tvec^felnben garbcn, 5lber ber rcijenbe Streit lofet in 5lnmutt) fic^ auf. 20 !I)er Spajievcjang. 19 grel cm^fangt mic^ Me SSiefe mit \vciti)in t^cvbrcitctcm ^^c^pic^ ; 2)urd^ t()r frcunbli($c5 ©run fcf)linc]t fic^ bcr KinMic^e ^sfab. Urn mid; fummt Mc gcfd;aftige Sicnc, mit ^tvcifedtbcm g(iu]cl 2Sicc3t ber (Srf)mettcrliiu] fic^ iibcr bcm rot[)lirf)eu 5vlcc. ®(uf)cnb trifft mic^ ber (Sonne 5^fci(, ftiU licgcn He SScfte, 9?ut ber Serene ©cfan^] unrbclt in I)citcrcr Suft. ^oc^ jc^t brauft'6 au^ bcm naf)en ©cbufc^ ; tief neic^cn ber (5r(en ihonen \id), imb im 2Ginb woc^^t t)a^ v»erfi(6erte Q)xa^. Mierfto[)(en bur^brincjt ber 3^t)eige Iaubtcjc6 ©ittcr 25 (Sparfvime^ Sic^t, unb c6 blicft (ac^enb t)a^ 33(aue berein. 5lber p(5t^(id^ ^errcift ber 5(or. 2)er geoffnete '^aib gicbt Uebcrrafc^enb be^5 Xa^^ b(enbenbem ©Ivinj mid; juriirf. Unabfe()bar ergiept fic^ t>or meinen 33licfen tit gerne, Unb ein blaue^ ©ebirg cnbigt im !l)ufte tic SBelt. 30 Xic\ an be6 Sergei^ guf^, ber ga^Iing^ unter mir abftiirjt, f![QaUct be6 grunlic^en (Stromas fUepenber Spiegel ^crbei. (5nb(o0 unter mir fe(/ ic^ ten ^2Utbcx, iiber mir enblc^, S3 lief e mit Scl)Unnbeln f}inauf, blicfe mit Sc^aubern l^inab. 5(ber jnnfc^en ber eu>igen «5ol/ unb ber enngen 5:iefe 35 2;ragt cin geliinberter Steig fidf)er ten Sanbrer bal)in. £ad)enb flieben an mir tic reic^en Ufer i^criiber, Unb ten froblic^en gleip rul)met ta^ prangenbe 'Xtjal 3ene Sinien, fiel) ! bie be6 Sanbmann^ (vigentbum fcbeiben, 3n ten Ze\>\H(^ ber glur f)at fie !remeter geunrft. 40 greunblid^e ^d)xi\t te^ @efel3ei\ be$ menfcf;ener^altcnben Q!>otte^, 6eit an^ ber eljernen SS^elt flieljenb bie 5iebc ver[c^u\inb ! 2 — 2 20 5)er (Spajicrgang. 5lbcr in freicrcn ®cf)(angcn biircf)frciiit Mc (^crcv^cltcn Sclbcr, Se^t t>crfc()(unv3cu ^om 2Balb, jd^t an ten 33crgcn (}inauf 45 ^limmcnb, cin fc^immernt'cr (Etvcif, Me laubcv^cvfuupfcnbe 5luf bcm cbcncn (Strom glcitcu Mc S^^^^ baf)in. 53ic(facl; crtont bcr .^ccrbcn ©claut im bclcbtcu ©efilbc, Unb ben 2Bicbcr()ali wcdt cinj'am bc^ S^ixkn ©cfancj. ^D^untrc ^Torfcr bcfvanjeu ben Strom, in @ebufc^en verfc^unnben 50 SlnCre, i^om Siiicfen M 53erc3^ ftiirjeu fie c^af) bort t)erab. 9iac^barlic() u>o()net ber 93ien[it) nod^ mit bem 5lcfer jufammeii, •Seine gelber umruf)n frieblii^ fein lanblic^e^ ^ad); Xxauiid) xantt \id) bie 9ieb' empor an bem niebrii^en Scnfter, Ginen umarmcnben i'^vc'u] fitlingt nm bie i^ntk ber 53aum. 55 ©liicflic^e^ ^o(f ber ©efilbe! noc^ nic^t jur grei^eit eruHutiet, Xt}di\t \}n mit beiner g(ur froi)li(^ ^a^ encje @efe^. 2)eine 3Bimfc^e befc^ranft ber ©rnten rubiger £rei^Iauf, SBie bein ^agemerf, glei^, tinnbet bein ^chcn \\d) ab ! 5Iber trer raubt mir auf einmal ben lieblic^en 5[nblicf? (5in frember 60 @eift iXTbreitet [icf; fc^nell iiber bie frembere g(nr. Sprobe fonbert fic^ ah, \x>a^ faum noc^ liebenb fic^ mifdBte, Unb bai3 @(eicf)e nnr ift'^, \x\\^ an i^a^ GUeic^e ficb reilu. Stcinbe fel/ id) c^ebilbet, ber ^nippeln ftol^e ©efiflec^ter 3iei)n in cjeorbnctem ^omp vornebm nnb pracbtic] baber. 65 dlc(\ci irirb aik^, imb alte5 unrb SBabt nnb alle^ 33ebentnni3 ; 3)iefe^ !3)ienerc]efo(g' melbet ben cr^errut;er mir an. ^Prangenb verfiinbigen ifMt )>on fern bie belcucbtetcn 5?nppcln, *^lud bem feifiy^en 5iern Mt fief; bie tbiivmenbe Stabt. 3n bie ^^ilbnifj binan^^ fmb beo 51Isalbei5 gaunen verftopen, 70 *2U>er bie 5(nbacf;t (eii)t (}oi)cre^ ^A'ben bem Stein. 9iat)er geriicft ift ber ^})ienfd; an hn Wicn\dKn. (5iu]er unrb nm il)n, didyx eru\ic(;t, c$ nmUHiy rafc^er fid; in ihm bie ^In'lt. 3)er ©pajiergang. 21 6ie^, ta entbrenncu in fcurigem i^ampf tie eifcrnben ^xa\U, ©ro^cd unrfct it}c Strcit, (yvopcrc^ unvfct il}r 33unb. Jlaufenb «§anbe bctebt ein @cift, f)0(^ fc^l^^et in taufcnb 75 ^Bcuftcn, t>on einem @cfuf)( gliU)cnb, cm einjiged ^cr^, 6d^lagt fiir ba6 ^atcrlanb unb gliU)t fiir bcu 5If)nen @cfc^c; »5ict auf bcm tf)eurcn (^runb ru()t i[}r ^erc(}rte^ ©ebcin. 5Rieber ftcigcn t>om «g)immcl bie feligcn ©otter unb ne^mcn 3n bcm genun(}tcn 33c5irf fcftlic^e SSofjnungcn cin ; so ^^crrlic^e ®i[bm bcfd;cercnb crfc^cincn fie : (5eved 'oox alien 33ringet bc^ ^^fiugc^ ©efc^enf, »i>Tmei3 ben 5(nfer (}erbei, S3acc^ud bie Xraube, ^DUnenxa be^ iDetbaum^ griinenbe Dieifer, 5(uc^ ba^ fricgrifcf;e Diop fu()ret ^^ofeibon beran, ^Dhtttcr d^bele fpannt an be6 2Bagen5 !l;eicf)fel bie ^bmn, Ss 3n ta^ gaft(icl;e Xim ^idjt fie ai^ Surgcrin cin. ^eilige ©tcine ! 5Iu$ cuc^ ergoffen fic^ ^>f(anjer ber ^IRenfit)I)cit, gernen Snfetn M 93teer^ fanbtet it)x ie ba^ ©efel^ c^ befaf)(." 9tuf)ct fanft, i()r ©eliebtcn! 33on eurem ^htte begoffen ©runet ber Dclbaum, c^ feimt luftig bk foftlicfee cn be^ 33erv]e6 ^^aupt ftur^t fi($ bie bonnernbe Saft. 105 5[u6 bem gcl^bruc^ u>iegt fic^ bcr Stein, t^om »^ebel beflucjctt; 3n ber ©etnrcje 8d}liict)t taud;t fic^ bcr ^erc3mann innab. !)3iii(cibcv6 2(mbo|5 tbnt '^on bem ^aft gcfc^truncjener ^^ammer, llntcr bcr ncr^ii3cn gaiift fpril3cn bie gimfen be^ Staf)(^. ©lan^enb umnnnbet ber golbene icin bie tan^enbe Spinbel, no 2)urc^ bie ©aiten be^ @arn^ faiifet i)a6 ivebcnbe Sd^iff. gem auf ber 9?l)ebe ruft ber ^^^ilct, c^ u>arten bie glotten, 2)ie in ber gremblinge i^anb tragen ben beimifc^en gleip ; 5lnbre 3iel}n froblocfenb bort ein, mit ben (k'>abcn ber gerne, 'S^od:) t)on bem ragenben ^33iaft \vcf)d bcr fcftlic^e i^ranj. 115 (Sie()e, ba n^immeln bie 5D^arfte, bcr i^ra()n ton fr5()lic^em Seben, (Se(tfamer (Sprac^cn ©eirirr brauft in ba^3 n^unbernbe Ci)r. 2luf ben Stapcl fc^iittet bie (Srnten ber (Srbe ber ^aufmann, SSad bem gliibcnbcn (Btxaiji 5lfrifa'^ 33oben gebiert, 2Bad Slrabicn foc^t, n?a5 bie auperfte 3^bu(e bereitct, 120 '^oc^ mit erfrcucnbcm Q}nt fiillt 5(mvilt^ea ba$ ^orn. ^a gebicret bad (^liicf bem 3^a(ente bie gottficben 5^inber, . ^on ber grei()cit gcfaugt, tt?ac^fen bie 5iunfte ber iiJuft. 93^it nacf)af)menbem 2eben erfreuct ber 33ilbner bie 5lugcn, Unb ^om ^Dicifcl bcfeclt rebet ber fut)(cnbe (Stein. 125 5^unft(i($e »^immel rubn auf fc^^lanfen ionifcben (£auten, Unb t)cn gan^en £)h)mp fct;lie^et cin ^^Nantbeon ein. Seic^t, \vk bcr 3rid Sprung burc^ bie Suft, \v\c ber ^^^feil "oon ber Senne, ^upfet ber ^riicfe 3cc^ fiber ben braufenben Strom. 5lber im ftillen OJcma(t> cntunrft bebeutenbc ^ixUi 130 Sinnenb ber 3Seifc, bcfc(;leirf)t forfcbcnb ben fcbaffenben ®d% $ruft bcr Stoffe OlcUMlt, ber l\)iagncte S^(\\]m unb I4eben, golgt burc^ bie iiJufte bem iilang, folgt burc^ ben 5(et^er bem Stra[)(, (Eud)t bad i^crtraute ©cfc0 in bed 3"f^U6 graufcnbcu SBunbern, (Suc^t ben ru()cnbcn ^oi in bcr ^Tfc^einuncjcn ghic^t. ^or^cr unb Stlmmc lei()t bic (Bd)x\\t bem ftummcu ©cbanfcn, 135 2)urc^ bcr 3af)rf)imbcrte (Strom trac^t if)n bad rebcnbe 33(att. !Da jcrrinnt i^or bem n?unbernben ^licf bcr 9?e6e( bed 2Saf)ncd, Unb bic ©ebilbc bcr 5^a(tt uunc6cn bem tai^cnbcu Sic^t. (Ecine geffefn jerbric^t bcr ^})Uni|'c^. !l)cr 33ec](ufftc ! S^rriff cr ^}}^it ben geffcln bcr guri^t nur nic^t bcu 3wi bcr Sc^am! 140 greif)cit! ruft bie 33ernunft, greil)cit! bie it)i(be 53ec|icrbc, 53on bcr ()eirc3cn 9^atur rin^cu [ie liiftcrn \id) lod. 5lc5, ba rcipcn im 8turm bic 5(nfcr, bie an bem Ufer SSarncnb ii)n f)ieltcn, ii)n fa^t mac^tig ber f{utf}enbc (Etrom ; 3it'd Uncnblic^e reipt cr ii)n l)in, bic 9tn\tc ^crfcf)Unnbct, 145 ^0^ auf ber g(utf)cn ©cbirg tricgt fief; cntmaftet ber iiaf)n ; ^^inter SSoIfcn crlofc^cn h^ SBagcnd be^arrlic^c Sterne, ^(cibenb ift nid^td mc^r, cd irrt fclbft in bem 55ufcn bcr @ott. 5Iud bem ©cfprac^c »erfc^tinnbct ^it 3Ga()rl)eit, ©laubcn unb 2^rciic 5rud bem Scben, cd Iiigt fclbft auf bcr $ippc bcr ^^wux. 150 3n ber ^crjcn \?crtrauli(^ften ^unb, in bcr Sicbc @ct)cimnif !3)ran9t fic^ bcr (Si)fcpt)ant, rei^t )^on bem greunbe ben greunb. 5Iuf bic Unfc^ulb \d)idt bcr Q3crrat() mit ^erfcf)lingenbem ^licfe, 5}^it ticrgiftcnbcm Sip tobtet bed ii^aftcrerd Sa\jn. geil ift in bcr gefcl;anbeten 33ruft ber ©cbanfc, bie i^iebe 155 3Birft \)i:^ freien ©cfiibld gottlic^cn 5lbc( l)inn>eg. !5)ciner l}ciligcn 3t'ic^)cn, Sa^rf)eit, \}at ber ^Setrucj fic^ 5(ngcmaft, bcr 5^atur foftlic^ftc (Stimmen cntn^cifjt, 2)ie bad bebiirfti^c ^crj in bcr greubc !l)rang fic^ erfinbet ; iiaum (^iebt irat)red ©efut)( nod) burc^ ^nn-ftummen fic^ hmb. 160 5ruf ber 3^ribune praMct bad dlc(i}t, in bcr »g>utte bie (^intrac^t, 'I)c^ ©cfc^cd ©efpcnft ftct}t an ber iionivjc Ztjxon. 24 !Der Spa^icrgang. %\i)xc (an^] mac\, %\{)x[m\i}cxtc ianc\ bie 9}^umie taucrn, 2Rag bvi5 tnu^enbe 33i(b Icbcnbcr giU(c bcftc^n, 165 33i5 tic 9latur crtrac^t, iinb mit fc^tvercu, c^erncu t^antcn 5ln ba6 f)of)(e @cbau ruf)rct bie 9^otf) unb bic S^tt, (SIncr 2^u]criu gtcic^, bie ba(3 eifcrue ©itter burc^brcc^cn, Hub bci? iuimibif($cn 2Ba(b'i? p(i>(^(ic^ unb fc^rccf(icf) c^cbenft, 5[ufftcf)t mit bci^ 35ciinTc^cn^ 2But() unb bc5 (i-knb5 bic ^33?cnfc^()cir, 170 UuD in bcr 5(fc^c bcr 8tabt [uc^t bic lUHlornc 9^itur. £), fo ojfuct CIIC&, 9)^aucrn, unb cjcbt ben ©cfvingcncn (cbig, 3u bcr tjcrlaffcncn gdir !c()r' cr gcrcttct juriicf ! 5(bcr n?o bin ic^ ? (5^ birgt fic^ bcr ^fab. Slbfc^ufyige ©runbc «§cmmcn mit gafincnbcr 5t(uft (nntcr mir, t?or mir ben (Sd^ritt. A 75 Winter mir b(icb bcr ©artcn, bcr «i^ccfcn ^crtrautc 53cg(citiuu], «§intcr mir jc^^lidbc (Spur mcn[ff)Iic^cr §anbc juriicf. S^ur bic (Etojfc fc()' ic^ (}ct[)urmt, au6 n?clc^cn t)a^ Scbcn 5icimct, bcr rof)c 33afatt (}ojft auf bie bilbcnbe «§anb. 33raufenb ftiir^t bcr ©ic^ac^ ^crab burc^ bic D^inne bed gelfcn, 180 Untcr ben ^urjcln bci3 33aumd brirf)t er entruftet fic^ 53af)n. SSilb ift ed l)ier iinb fc^aiicrlid; ob'. 3m cinfamcn Snftraum ^^ani]t nur bcr 5lb{er nnb fniipft an ta^ ©civolfe bic SGelt. ^0^ (}crauf bid ^u mir triiy^t fcined SBinbed ©cfieber 3)cn iun-(ercncn ^(^ali mcnfc^lic^er ^Diu()cn unb Suft. 185 33 in ic^ tvirfli;^ aKein? 3n bcincn 5(rmen, an bcinem t^erjcn ti?icber, 5?atur ? act) ! unb ed mar nur cin 3:raum, !l)cr mic^ fttaubernb crc^riff; mit bed ^cbcn^ furcfjtbarem 33i(be, 93^it bem ftiir^cnben Xijai ftur^tc bcr finftre binab. 9?eincr nc()m' icl; mein ^\:bcn ihmi bcinem reinen 5?l(tare, 190 9^1)mc ben fro()(ic^en ^33hitf) f)Offenbcr 3u^]enb juriicf. iS\x>ic^ n)ect)i'elt bcr ^iiBiUc ben 3^^^'^ inib bie ^)i\\]el, in ctricj 2Biebcr()olter ©cftalt uniljen bic ilbaten fid; urn. ^^ompcji unb i^crfulamtm. 25 5(6ct: juc^enbdc^ immcr, in immcr t^cvvinbcvtcr 8c^one (S()rft bii, frommc ^J^itiir, 3uc(;ti{j bad altc ©efc^. 3mmcr bicfclbc, bm>a()rft bu in ticiicu .g)anbcn bcm 5}?annc, 195 SGad bir bad gaufcdibc £inb, iMd bir ber 3uncjling lu'rtraut. ?Ra^rft an g(eicf;cr 53vuft bie ^iclfac^ ivec^fclnbcu 5lltcr; Untcr bcm[clbcn 33(au, itbcr bcm namlic^cn &xxin SSanbcln bic ua()cn nub uninbcln lUTcint bic fcrncn ©cfd; (center, Unb bic on i[}v, bie fann auc^ bic 8terb(i($e jeugcn; 2Bcr urn tk ©ottin frcit, fm^e in iijx nic^t bad SBcib." Scf)i((er. SSctc^cd 5Sunber bcc^iebt fief; ? 3Sir flcr)tcn um trinfbarc Cuericn, (Srbe, bic^ an, unb \x\\^ fenbet bcin Sc^oof und (}crauf! 2ebt ed im Slbgrunb auc^ ? 2Bo()nt untcr ber Sava ^crborgen 9^cc^ ein ncued ©cfc^lcc^t? 5^cf)rt ta^ cntflo()'ne juriicf? ®riecf;cn, Otomcr, fommt! fcbt, bad aitc ^ompcji 5 ginbet fic^ ivieber, an\'^ 9^cu bauct fic^ ^erfulcd' ^tatt. ©iebel an ®icbe( ftcigt, ber raumige ^^ortifud offnet 6eine «5aKcn, eilt, il)n ju bclcbcn, I>crbcil 26 ^ompcji unb §crfu(anum. 5hifgetf)an ift ba6 incite Xi)cakx, e6 fturje bur^ feine lo 6icbcn 9)h"inbungcn fic^ flutf)cnb bie 9}^enge ^crcin ! 3}^imcn, wo bleibt if)r ? »5ert>or ! 3)ad bereitete Dpfcr ^oUenbe 5(trcud' Sof)n, bcm Dreft fo[ge bcr graufenbe S^or ! 3Bc[)in fu[}rct bcr ^oi^cn bc^ ^ieg^? (Srfennt if)r bad gorum? 2Ba0 fiir ©cftaltcn finb \>a^ auf bem curulif($cn Stuf)!? 15 ^^raget, i^ictorcn, bie 53ci(e ^oran! 3)cn (Scffcl befteige 9ii(^tcnb ber $rator, ber 3cuc;' trcte, bcr ^lacjcr t?or i^n! D^cinlic^c ©ajfcn breitcn \i^ aud, mit cr^of)ctcm ^flaftcr 3{c(}ct bcr fd^malcre 2Bcg ncbcn ben ^aufcrn fic^ f)in. (S(f)ul^cnb fpringcn tk 2)ac^cr ^ert?or, bie jicrlic^cn 3^"^^^^ 20 Otci^'n urn ben einfamcn «£)of f)eimlic^ imb traulic^ [ni) f)er. Deffnet bie Saben (^cfcl^unnb unb He (ancje ^crfc^iitteten 3^()uren ! 3n bie fc^aubricje ^^ac^t faUc ber luftige Xao^l (Bkf)c, n?ic ringd urn ben 9^anb bie nctten 33anfc fic^ be^nen, 3Sie »on buntem ©eftcin fc^immernb ta^ (^ftric^ fic^ f)cbt! 25 S'^ifc^ itoc^ crglanjt bie 2©anb ^on ^citer brennenben garben. 2Bo ift ber 5iunft(cr? Sr irarf cbcn ben ^infet f)imDe(5. (Sc^itjcUenber griic^te )>oU unb Ucblic^ c^eorbneter S3lumen gaffet ber muntre gcfton reijcnbe 53i(bungen ein. ^tit bclabcnem £orb fc^Iiipft ^ier ein 5lmor t?oruber, 30 (Smfige ©cnien bort fcltern ben ^ur^urnen SCein; «go(^ auf fprin(^t bie 33acc^antin im Xan^, bort ru^et fie fc^tum^ mcrnb, Unb bcr laufc^cnbe gaun I)at fic^ nic^t fatt noc^ gefc^n. gliid^tig tummclt fie l}icr ben rafcf;cn (^entaurcn, auf (5incm ^nie nur fc^trcbenb, unb trcibt frifc^) mit bcm2;(}vrfud i^n an. 35 iinabcn, n\i5 faumt i[)r? ^erbei ! H ftc^n no^ bie fc^onen ©cfcC;irre. grifc^, itjx 5}idbc^cn, unb fcf)o)?ft in ben ctrurifd^en i?rugl ^icl)t nic^t bcr ^vcifufi hkx mif frf)on gcfluf^cltcn <8p()inrcn ? (Sc^urct ba6 geiier ! @efcf;tt?inb, (Scfav^en, bcftctlct ben «g>crb ! £auft, ^icr qeb' icf) eiic^ ^^J^unjcn, ^om mac^tigcn Xitu^ gcpraget ; 5ruc^ ncc^ bic SBaacje liegt l}ier : fc()ct, e^ fe^It fein @e»>i($t. 40 Stcifet ba0 brenncnbe Sicbt auf ben jiertic^ gebilbeten Seuc^ter, Hub mit glan^cnbcm Del fuKc bie Sampe fic^ an ! S?a^ v^crn)vif)rct bie^ ^aftd;en ? D \d% rt>a^ bcr 3Brautigam fenbct, 9}^ab(^en ! ^^angcn ^on @olb, glan^enbe ^aftcn 3um (Sc^mucf. guf)rct bie 23raut in bai3 buftenbe ^ab! ^ier ftcbn noc^ bie (5alben, 45 (Sc^minfe finb' ic^ nod) f)ier in bent gel)of)(ten £n)fta((. 5lber n>o bleiben bie ^J^anner ? bie 5(Iten? 3in crnftcn 93hifcum i^iegt nod^ ein foftlic^cr (Bci)ai^ feltener DioUen 9ef}auft. @riffel finbet if)r f)ier ^um Sc[;rcibcn, u^acbfcrne 3^afc(n; 9?ic^t6 ift t^erloren, getreu i)at e^ bie (Srbe bcrt^a^rt. 50 2luc^ bie ^enaten, fie ftellcn fic^ ein; e^ finben fid) alle ©otter tDieber; n^arum bteibcn bie ^riefter nur aiio? ^en (Sabucen^ fc^tt^ingt ber jicrlic^ gefc^enfelte §erme^, llnb bie 5Sictoria fiicgt (eic^t au5 ber (jaltenben »§anb. 2)ie 5(Itare, fie ftc^en noc^ ba, fommet, ^unbet — 55 Sang fc^^on entbe^rte bcr @ott — jiinbet tk Cpfer if^m an! ai*' fie nod) nic^t, fie ftic(]' jetU au6 ben g(utf)en cmpor. 93^it bem ©eniiii^ ftel)t bic 'Ratnx im eungen ^unbe: 2Ba6 tcx cine \?crfpric^)t, leiftet bie anbre c^eunf. SdjiUer (1795). 10. Jitutstbc ^xnxt. Urn ben (Eceptcr ©ermanien^ ftritt mit Subtxni] bem Sa\)er griebrid) au»5 »5ab6buu]i3 Stamm, 53eibe gerufen 311m 2^^rpn; 5(ber ben ?(uftrier fu()rt, ten Sinu^linv], ba6 neibiftte 5^riec]i\]Iucf 3n t)k geffeln bed geinbd, ber ii)n im 5iampfe bejunn^^t. 5 "DJ^it bem 3^()ronc fauft er fic^ lod, fein 2Bort muf cr geben. gur ben (Sieger bad (Ec^njert gecgcn bie greunbe 311 siie^n ; 5(ber it>ad et in ^anben gelobt, !ann er frei nic^t erfullen, (Sief)c, ba ftellt er auf'd 9Zeu' undig ben 33anben fic^ bar. 2^ief geruf)rt umf)a(ft if)n ber greunb, fie trecf)fcln i^on nun an, 10 2Gie ber greiinb mit bem greunb, traulicf) bie ^ec^er bed 'I»^a^ld, 2[rm in 5lrme fc^iummern auf einem Sager bie giirften, ^a nod) blutiger ^a^ grimmig bie 53olfer jerfleifct)t. ®egen griebericf)d »g)eer mu§ !i^ubuni] jie()en. 3um QBac^ter ^a^ernd lapt er ben geinb, ten cr bcftreitet, juriicf. i5,,5Baf)rlic^! So ift'd! (5d ift unrflic^ fo! 'man fyU mir'd gcfc^rieben ! " C^ief ber ^4>»-^ntifer and, aid er bie i^unbe ^ernaf)m. 3d?i(ler (1795). ©rfte epiftef. 29 II. gnitschr 6tmus. S^iinge, ^eutf(^cr,nac^ romifcf^cv 5^raft,nac^ gricc^ifd^cr Sc^onbcit! S3eit)c^ gclang Mr — tod; uie glucftc tcr gaUlfc^e (Epnmg. 12. Crstc (Epbtd. Scl^t ba icg(i(^cr licf't, iinb incle Scfcr ta6 33uc^ nur llngcbiilbig Duvctjblattcru iiub, fclbft bie gcbcr crgrcifcnb, 5luf bai3 33u(^(cin ciii 33uct) mit fcltuer gertigfcit )3fropfcn, @o(( auc^ id)f bu unllft e^, mcin grciinb, bir iibcr ba^ (Sdjrcibcn 6cf;rcibcnb bic ^D^eiugc iHnmcI)rcn uiib meine 5}kinung i^crfihibcn, 5 1)C[^ auic^tig crfc^cint mir bic Sragc, boc^ trifft fie mic^i cbcn 3n iXTvgnuglic^cr (Stimmung. 3m iparmcn I)citcrcn SGcttcr ©lanjct fruc^tbar \)k ©cgcub ; mir bringcn licblic^c i^iifte Ucbcr t)k iraUcnbc glut^ fupbuftcnbc 5tui)(ung I}ciubcr, Unb bcm »§citcrn crfcl;cint tk SBclt mic^ {)citcr, unb feme 20 ©c^ircbt ^k 6orge mir nur in Icic^tcn 2l>oIfc^cn i^oriiber. 30 (5rfte (^pifteL 3Ba3 mcln Icictter ©riffct cnttDirft, ift Iciest ju t^erlofd^en, Unb ine( ticfcr pvav]ct fic^ nicbt bcr (iiubrucf tcr Scttcrn, !l)ie, fo facjt man, tcr (Sunv^fcit trotu'ii. gvcilic^ an ^icle 25 €pricf)t Mc (jcbrucftc (Folumnc ; boc^ balb, unc jcbcr fcin 2(ntli§, 2)a6 er im (Spiegel gefc()en, vercji^t, Me ()e[)ai](icf)en Sii^C; 60 ttercjift ec bad SBort, meim auc^ »ou Grje geftcmpelt. 9?cben fc^UHinfen fo leic^t ^eruber ^inubev, it)enn »ie(e felbft im SBovte lun-uimmt, bad ber anbcre fagte. Wit ben S3iic^ern ift ed nid^t anberd. I^ieft bod^ nuc jeber 5[ud bem S3ucf; fic^ ^cvaud; iiub ift er gcu\i(tig, fo lief't er 3n ta^ 33uc^ fic^ ^inein, amalgamivt fic^ bad grembe. @anj »ergebcnd ftrcbft bu baber buvc^ (Scbrifteu bed ?[Renfc^eu 35 (Sc^on cntfitiebenen '§)ang unb feine 9ic{gung ^u U^enben ; Slber beftaifen fannft bu i[)n tt>o()l in feiner ©efinnung, Dber wax' ev noc^ neu, in bicfed if)n tauc^en unb jened. @ag' id^, tt?ie id^ ed Denfe, fo fc^eint burc^aud mir, ed bilbet 9(ur bad Seben ben 93^ann, unb ivenig bebeuten bie 2Borte. 40 !Denn jtt^ar boren wix gcvn, n\id unfve 5}ieinung beftatiy^t, 5(ber ba^ «g)oren beftimmt nic^t bie 9)^einung : )x>a^ und junnber SBare, glaubten nnr u^o[)t bem fiinftlidben 9^ebner; boc^ eilet Unfer befreited ©emutb, geiro()nte 33af}ncn ^u fu($en. Pollen nnr freubig borc^en unb untlig geborc^en, fo muf?t bu 45 (B(^mei(^eln. ©pric^jt tn jum 33olfe, ju giirften unt) iionigen, aUcn !OZagfl bu @efc^{df;ten er5at)Ien, n>ovin aid nnrflid^ erfd^einet, ''S^a^ fie iviinfc^en, unb unid fie fetber ju (eben begebrten. ®are ^omer i^on alien gebovt, w^n alien gelefen, Sitnncic^elt' er nic^t bem ©eifte fid; ein, ed fei auc^ ber $orer, 20er er fei; iinb tiii^ct ni($t immcr im ()cf)cn ^vilafte, 50 3n be6 i^oniged 3c(t, Me 3lia^ ijmiid:) bcm ^clCcn ? 45ort nic^t aber bavjcv^cn Uli^ffcn^ tranbernbe 5^1ui]f)cit 5luf bent ^33Zarfte fi(^ bcffcr, ba tDO flc^ ber ^lirc^cr ^crfammett? 2)ort fie^t jcc]lict)cr »£)elb in «§e(m iinb «g)arniHt)/ c5 fi«^f}t t)icr €i($ ber S3ett(er fogar in feiitcu lumpen Dcrcbclt. 55 5nfo {)ort' i($ einmaf, am it?ol)((jcpf(v'iftcrten Ufer Sener 5kptunifc^eu Stabt, aUwo man gefliigeltc Sotren Q'ibttiid) »ercf)rt, eiit ?D^al)rc()cn cr5a[)(cn. 3m £rcife gefcl;lo|Tcn, ^Trangte ba^ (jorc^cnbe ^olf fid; um beit ^erlumpteu 9U)api'oren. (5inft, [0 fprarf) er, t^erfc^lug mic^ ber Sturm an'iJ Ufer ber 3ufe(, 60 XU Utopien (}ei^t. 3c^ tvci^ niit)t, cb fie eiu anbrer 2)iefer ©efellfc^aft jemal^ betrat; fie lieget im ^Dieere ^inU wn «§er!u(e5 6au(eu. 3c^ ivavb gar freunblic^ empfangeit; 3u ein @aft()au^3 fiU)rte man mic^, tt)ofelbft id) biVi befte (^"ffeu unb ^rinfeu faub unb U^ic^e^ !^ager iinb i^Iege. 65 (Bo t)erftri(^ ein 53Zonat c^efc^unnb. Sc^ f)^itte beS 5vummerd SSodig ^ergeffen unb iegli((;cr 9iotf) ; ba fieng fi(^ im €ti(len Slber bie ©orge nun an : wk trirb bie 3<^<^^ bir (eiber 5^a($ ber ?0kf)(5eit befommen ? 3)enn nic^t^ ent()ie(te ber 8ecfe(. 9^ei(^e mir n^eniger! bat ic^ i)cn SSirtf); er brac^te nur immer 70 2)efto mef)r. 5)a unirf;6 mir tk 2lngft, id; fonnte nic^t langcr (Sffen unb forgen unb fagte ^ule^t: 3c^ bitte, bie 3cc^t' 53ittig ju mad;cn, ^err S3irt[)! C^r aber mit finfterem 5Iuge cv(aiu]cn ihmu ^}3^innc, bcr [ic bec^ (}oflic^ bcnnvt^ct. (BoUf id) folc^e 33clcibii^ung bulbcn im eigcucn §aufe? 9ieinl e^5 Ijattc fi'mi\a[)r ftatt mcinc^ »g)cr5cn5 ein (S($tramm nur 5)iir im S3ufcn gctvofjnt, \vo\cxn id) bcr^jlcic^eu gclittcu. 85 5)avauf fagtc bcr D^ic^tcr ju mir: 3?crc\cffct bie (Sc^KV3c, 1)cnn it)x ijcibt bic £trafe lun-bicnt, jci fc^arfcrc Scbmcrjcn ; 5[bcr woiit ii)x blcibcn unb mitbcivo^ncn bic 3nfcl, 93iiifKt iijx md) cvft un'irbicj bcuuMfcn unb tnd)t\(\ jum 33urger. 5(rf)! t^crfd^t' id;, mein »i^crr, id; l)abc tcibcr mic^ niemal^ 90 ©erne 3ur Sirbcit (]cfiu3t. So bab' ic^ and) fciiie 3^a(cntc, Xie ben 93Untfc^cn bcqucmct crnaljvcn ; man ^at niic^ im (a^, ben bu vcrbiencft, cr^alten. 5lbcr t)uk bid; woijl, ba|3 nic^t cin fd)anblici^cr OiiirffaU ^id) 3ur 5lrbcit vcrlcitc, bap man md)t cttxna \)a^ ©rabfc^eit Cber t^a^ Dhibcr bci bir im ^au]c finbe: bu unircft @(cic^ auf immcr vcvloren unb o()ne 9iabvunj] unb Gf)rc. 100 0[5er auf bcm 'Dtavfte ju fii3cn, bie $(rmc i]c|\tUnu3cn llcbcr bcm fc^ivcllcnbcn 53auc^; ^u f)5ren lufti^c Sieber Unferer Sanger, 3U fe()n tic Zaiv^c bcr ^Diabd^cn, bcr iinabcn Spiele, ta^ iverbc bir ^'\iid)tf bic \}n gclobcft unb fcbivbrcft. So crjal)(te bcr ?3(ann, unb l)eiter umren bie Stirncn 105 5i(Icr ^^orer gcnnn-bcn, unb aUe un"infd)ten be5 3^agcd Solc^e 2Sirt(}c ju ftnbcn, ja folc^e Sd^Kige ^u bulbcn. Qiccti)t (1794). 13. Eimxk (£j}istct. 2Burt)U3ergrcunb, burun5c[ftbie Stim; Hrfc^eincn bie Sc^er^e g^ic^t am vecf;ten DxU ju fein; bie gracje mr crnftf)aft, Hub bc[omicu t>cr(aiu3ft bu bie 5(nt\»ort; ba u^cif id), beim .§immc( ! 5Ric^t, \m cbcii [ic^ miu ber (Bdjait im 53ufcn lunKc^te. 2)0(^ id) fal)rc bcbacf)tii3cr fort. Xu \a(\\t mir: fo moc^te 5 ?Of^cinetUH\]cu bie ^JJcnge fic^ ()a[tcn im Scbcii unb Sefcn, SSie fie fonnte ; tod) benfe bir nur bie 2;bc(;tcr im ^axi]e, 2)ie mir bcr fuppchtbe 2)ic^ter mit aKcrn Sofcii bcfannt mad)t. Dem ift leic^tcr gcf)o(fcn, »erfe^' ic^, a(5 n)of)I cin anbrcr 2)eufcu mb($te. !Die ^DKabc^eu finb cjut unb mac^cu fic^ gcrne 10 2Ba^ ju fc()affcn. 1)a gicb nur bcm cincn bie Si^tiiffel jum ivelkr, ^ag c5 bie 2Bcine be5 Patera bcforc^e, fobalb fie »om SBin^cr £)bcr t)om ivaufmann cjclicfert bie u^eitcn ©etpolbe bcrcicf)ern. ?D^anc^e5 3U fc^affcn f)at cin 53Kibrf)cn, bie vieicn Oefa^e, i^eere gaffer unb giafc^cn in reinlic^er Drbnum3 ju f)altenj 15 2)ann bctrac^tct fie oft bc5 f($aumenben ?3coftcd 33eirec3un3, ®ic^t ba5 ge^lenbe ju, bamit bie UHiUcnbcn 53(afcn Sci^t bie Ocffnun^ bc^ gaffe^5 erreid^en, trinfbar unb ()ene Ci'nblic^ ber cbclfte Saft fic^ fiinfti^cn 3a()ren i^olknbe. Itnernuibet ift fie alobvinn ju fiiKcn, ju fct;opfcn, 20 i5)ap ftct^3 gciftig ber 3^ran! unb rein bie S^afcl bclebe. ^ag bcr anbcrn tic 5iucf)c ^um dldd) ; ba gicbt c6 trabrbaftig Slrbeit gcnug, ba$ tagUct^e ^}}ta()(, burc^ (Sommcr unb 1© inter, Sc()macff)aft ftet^ ju bereitcn unb ol)ne ^cfc^tverbe be^ S3euteb5. 2)cnn im gvuf)ia()r forcjct fie fc(;on, im cg)ofe bie 5iucb(ein 33alb ^u cr^icben unb balb bie fi^natternbcn (^'nten ju fiittcrn. Sltlc^, iva^ i^r bie 3a[}r63cit giebt, ta^ bringt fie bei 3citcn D. 3 -0 34 S^vcite (5piftc[. "Dir auf ben 3^if(^ unb nunf mit )\\]lic^cm "^.ac^c tie 6pcifcn £hig ju iverf)fcln ; unb rclft nur cbcn bcv Sommcr bie ^i^u^te, 30 Denft fie an 3]orratf) fd)on fiir ben 55intcr. 3m fii(}(cn ©tnrolbe @af)rt i[}r bcr frafticje 5?o^(, unb rcifcn im iSH\c\ bie @urfcn ; 5Ibcr bie Uiftiy^c ivammer bert\iM if)r bie &a\>cn ^^omoncn^. ©erne nimmt fie bvi5 2ob »cm 33atcr unb alien ©cfc^nnftcrn, Unb mijitini^t il)t etu>a6, bann ift'^ ein c^rojlere^ Unc^liicf, 35 2(15 UH-nn bir cin vSc^ulbner cntlauft unb ten ^Ii>ec^fel uirucfla^t. 3mmcr ift fo ba5 'lOiaDcljen bcfrf;aft{v]t unb reifet im (Stillen $au5lid)er Xugcnb enU^e^^en, ben fhu]cn Mann ju bev^liicfen. SGunfc^t fie bann enblic^ ju lefen, fo U>al)lt fie geun^Iic^ ein £o(^buc^, !Deren ^unbcvte fc^cn bie eifricjen $ref|en un5 gaben. 40 (5inc mit trcuem ©cfinbe ! ^aft \}n Xb^kx nod) mcbr, bie licber fil^en unb ftille SSciblic^c 2lrbcit \>crricf)ten, ba ift'6 nod) bcffcr ; bie 9labcl 9iul)t im Sabre nic^t Iciest ; benn noi"^ fo bauiMic^ im <§aufe, ^Q^ogen fie offentlirf) gcrn ale? mii^ige ^amcn crfitcinen. 50 2fiie fic^ ba6 9^al)en unb gUcfcn vcrmcbrt, \}a^ SBafc^cn unb 33icgcln, ^unbcrtfaltig, feitbem in nnnf^cr arfabifcbcr 'T^iille unben, ba^ @cf)iff, ba6 beinen 2Ifcrit\ !l)ir, ^ora, ben greiinb, ac^ ! bir ben 53rautigam raubt. 5(ud^ bu blicfeft rcrcjebcu^ itac^ mir. "^od) fc^(ay]cii bic ^pcrjcn giir cinauber, boc^, ac^! nun aneinaubcr nid;t mel)r. (Sinj^igcr Slugenblicf, in ive(($em id;, (cbte! bu unegeft 15 5(Ke 3^age, bie fonft fait mir t)erfd;unubeuben, auf. 5lc^! nur im Slugcnblirf, im (cnten, ftieg mir cin Seben, Uniun*mut()ct in bir, wic i>on \)m ©ottcrn, (^erab. 5Rur umfonft ^erfiarft bu mit Ceinem Siitte ben 5(ct[)er; 3)ein aU(eud)tenbcr ^ag, ^si)i)bu^3, mir ift er iun1)aft. 20 3n mic^ felber fef)r' ic^ juri'uf; ba wiii id) im ^tillcn S03iebcr[)o(en bie 3^1^/ ^^^ fi^ «^i^* ta<]{i^ erfc^icn. 5Bar e$ moglic^, tic ^^M)cit ju fef)n unb nic^t ju cmpfinben ? SSirfte ber ^immlifc^c iRci^ nid)t auf bein ftumpfea ©emutb? 36 5[(crli3 iinb ^oxa. 25 iiilage Hd), 5(rmcr, ni^t an ! — (So lt\]t Kt !Dic^ter ein 9Jatf)fcf, iuiinftlii-^ mit ^^ortcn vcrfc^ranft, oft bcr 3Scr[amm (11119 in'd Ci)x. Scben frcuct bic \citnc, bcr ^icvlidKU 33i(ber 2?crfnu^fimc3, 5lbcr uocf) fc(){ct bvv^ ^Gort, biv3 bic ^cbcutiiiivj vcra>al)rt. 3ft e5 cnblic^ cntbccft, bvinii r)citcrt fitf; jcbcd ©cmutl) auf, 30 Unb cvbliift im (i)cbic^t boppclt crfvciilicf)cn 8iun. Slc^, tiHirum fo fpat, 5[mor, na^mft bu bie ^inbc, !Dic bit uiu'^3 2(uv3' mir (]cfm"ipft, nvif)mft fie ju fpiit nur MmiH\] ! ^ange fc^on ()arrte tHfrad;tct ba5 Scf)iff auf gunftic^e J^iiftc, (5nblic^ ftvcbte bcv ^sinb gliicflic^ ihmu Ufcr in'^ ^33Zecr. 35 5ccre 3^^itcn berSugcnb! unb (cere Ivaumc bcr Swfunft! 3f)t vcrfcf)nnubct, ci3 bkibt cin^iv] tk (itunbe mir iniv. 3a, fie bleibt, c^ Heibt mir ba^5 ©Ii'uf ! ic^ Ki(te bicf), Xora : Unb bie .\5offninu] jeii]t, !Dora, bein 33ilD mir aUcin. Oefter fvif) id; unn Jempel bid; (]c()n, gefd;murft unb i3efittet, 40 Unb bai3 ^33iutterd;en gieng feicrlicj neben bir kr. Gilig trarft tn unb frifc^, ^u ?3iarfte bie griid)te ui trvigcn ; Unb t»om 33runnen, unc fu[}n! uncgtc bein i^c[\i\^t ta^ . ©efaf. T)d erfd;ien kin S^ai^, erfd)ien bein 9tarfen i^or alien, Unb vox alien erfd;ien beiner 33etxu\]ungen ^33iati. 45 Cftmab^ l)ab' ic^ flcforgt, e^3 moc^te ber iwrug bir entftiirjen ; Dc^ cr l)ielt fic^ ftat auf bem geringelten Zxhl). 8dumc 9?ac^barin, jvi, fo u\ir ic^ gen>ol)nt bid; ju fel)cn, ^^Bic man bie (5ternc fiel}t, tvie man ben '33Unib fid; befcbaut, Sid; an il)nen erfreut, unb innen im rul;i3en ^ufen 50 9iid;t ber entferntefte ©unfd), fie ]n befil3en, fic^ regt. 3al)re, fo giengt ibr bal)in ! ^3hir ju^an^ig Sd;ritte getrennet 3Baren bie «^^aufer, unb nie l)ab' id) bie Sd;n)elle beru[)rt. Unb mm tvcmit un^ Mc c3raplicf)e glutl) ! 3)u Iiicjft uuv Ten SSelle ! bciu (jcrvlic^c^ 33 (au ift mir bie gark ber 5^ac^t. 21llc^ ru[)rtc fid; fc^oit; ba tarn cin Stmbc gclaufcn 55 5{n mcin i\itcvlic^ ^an^, vicf miit> ,^inn 3tranrc l)inab. 6cf)on crl}cbt fid; bvu^ £i\]c(, c<3 fiattcrt im 'll>inDc, fo fprac^ cv; Unb ge(i($tct, ni it j^rafr, trcniU fic^ bci 5lnfcr ^om SauD. 51'omm, $((cri^! fomm ! 2)a bn'iifte bcr u\icfcrc ^atcx, ^iivbig, bie fi\]ncnbc S^anD mir viuf bcv3 {od'u]c J^ciupt: 60 6ovgli(^ rcic^te bie ^l^htttcr cin nac^bcrcitctci^ ^unDcl: ©lucflic^ fe()re juviirf ! vicfcn fie, gliirflict) unb reicb ! Unb fo f|.H'ani] id) ()iuUH\], bvio :i3uiircld;cn unter bem '.Hnne, 5hi ber ^Dtaiier f)inab, faub an ber 2;()iire bic^ ftclui 2)eine^ ©arten^. 2)u Iad;elteft mir unb facjteft: '^l(eiii5! 65 ©inb tk Sarmenben bort beiite d^efedcii ber ga()rt? grembe iviiften befud;eft bu nun, mib foftlic^e* SBaareu .^^tnbelft bu ein, unb 3d;mutf reid;en ^^Jiatronen ber 3tabt. -2lber brimje mir and) ein leid;tei3 5vetrd;en! id; mil e^ 2)anfbar ^^a()len ; fo oft ()ab' ic^ bie Sicrbe i]etin'infd)t. 7° Steven unar icb c^eblieben, unh }\\^k, nac^ ^-llseife be^^ iiaufmanni3, ^'rft nad; gorm unb Giemid;t beiner 33eftetlunc^ c\cnau. @ar befi^ieiben erivo^jft bu t}cn ^rei^; ba blirft icb inbeffen 9?ac^ bem «§a(fe, be*^ ^($muffi5 unferer ivoniv]in mvti). ^efti^jer tonte lunn ^d;iff t)a^ (^efd)rei ; ba iai\k]~t Cu freunblic^: 75 9Umm au^ bem (Garten nocb einiy]e griiitte mit bir! 9iimm bie reifften Craui^en, \)ic mi^cn m\\cn ; bao ^Ilieer brini]t 5?eine griic^te, fie brim^t jev](ic^e5 Sanb nic^t ()eryor. Unb fo trat id) Ijcvcin. !l)u brad;ft nun hie gruc^tc gefc()aft{v3, Unb bit cjolbene !2aft 309 tci^ gefd)ur^te @eu\inb. 80 Defter^ bat id): e^ fei nun v^enucj; unD immer nott> eine ec^onerc grud)t fiel bir, ieife berid}rt, in bie 45anD. ^,8 5ncri3 xmb "I^oxa. J (§nb(i^ famft bu jur Saubc ()inan ; ba fvinb fic^ cin ^orbc^cn, Unb bie 5D^)rte boc\ Mul)cnb fic^ iibcx uni3 (}in. 85 8c^tr>eii3enb kganncft bu mm gcfcfjicft bic Sriic^tc ju orbncn ; @rft bie Drangc, bic fc^tvcr ruf)t a(^ cin gclbcuer 33a(I, 2)ann bie nuncblic^e gcicjc, bie jcbcv 5)nuf fc^on cntftcKct; Hub mit ^I'i^n-tc bcbccft \i\\x\) uiib c^cucrt biV3 @cfcf;cnf. 5Ibcr ic^ ^ob ci3 nic^t auf ; ic^ ftanb. 2LMv fa[)en cinanber 90 Sn bic 5(iu]cn, unb miv u\irb ^or bcm 5luc]c fo triib. 3)einen 33ufcn fu()(t' ic(> an mcincm ! ^cn ftcrrli($cn 9Zacfcn, 3^n umfc^lauvj nun mcin 5(rm ; taufcnbmal fiif t' ic^ ben «§ah?. ll^tir fan! liber bic ec^ultcr bcin ^T^aupt ; nun fniipften auc^ beine Sicblittcn 5lrme ba^ 33anb urn ben ^Seglurftcn f)evum, 95 5(mov'^5 .^^anbc fiiblt' id) : er bn'icft' un^ geu\i(tiy] jummmen, Unb au6 l)citever ^uft bonnevt' c^ brcimal: t}a fiof ^auftv] bic ^()ranc t>om 5(u(]' mir ^erab, bu iveinteft, ic^ U>cinte, Hub "OCX Sammer unb ©lurf f(f)icn un6 bie 3Belt ^u ^ergef)n. Smmer ()cftic3er rief c^ am Sti\inb ; t)ci \wiitm bie gii^e 100 '^Diic^ nicf)t tragen, ic^rief: 2)oi\a! unb bift bu nic^t mcin? ^•ung! facjtcft bu leife. 2)a fcticnen unfeve 3:i)rvinen, Sic buvc^ (]ott(ic^c Suft, leife ^om Slu^e cicf)auc()t. 9Zaf)er rief e^ : 5l(evi^ ! 2)a bficftc ber [uc^enbc itnabc 1)nx^ bie 2'i)ure {)evcin. 9IUe cr bvv5 iiovbc^en cmpfincj! 105 Sic er mic^ tvicb! Sic ic^ bir bie «§anb uoc^ bri'ufte \ — ^n (Sc^iffe SBie icf) gefommcn? 3c^ u^eip, baf ic^ ein 5^runfener fcbicn. Unb [0 Meltcn mid; and) bie (I3e[e((en, fcbontcn ten i?ranfen ; Unb fcf)on berfte ber i^and) triiber Gntfernunvj bie ^U\\)t. (vung! 2)orvi, lii%H'(tcft bu; mir \d)M cd im D()rc 1 10 W\t bcm 2)onner bed 3cud. €tanb fie boc^ neben bcm 2;^rcn, (Eeinc 2'oc^ter, bie ©ottin ber Siebe ; bie ©ra^ien ftanbcn 3f)r jur 6eitcn! (5r ift c^ottcrbefrafti^t, ber 53unD. 1 1 I20 £) fo ei(e bcnn, Sd;if7, mit alien i]iinftiy]en 2Binbcn! (Strebe, mad;ti(]er il'iel! trenne hk f($aumcube glut!)! 23ringe bem frembcu '§afcu mtc^ 511, bamit mix ber ©olbfc^micb 3n ber SSerfftatt glcic^ orbne bai5 f)immlif(^e ^fani). 2Ga()r(ic^! ,^ur 9:itk fo(i ba5 ^ett($en irevben, ^Tora! 9ceimma[ umqebc fie bir, (ocfer gcuninben, ten «5a(6. gerner fctjaff' id) noc^ Scf;mucf, ben inannicl;fa(ticiften ; golbne Spanijen foUen bir mic^ reicl;lic^ t^erjicrcn bie ^ant): !l)a n^ettcifre Dhibin unb (Smaragb, ber (ieblic^e ^appljir (Btdk bem ^\jmni\) fic^ gecjeniiber, unb ®o(b ^aik t)a^ (£beli]eftein in fc^oner ^evbinbuni^ Uiuimmen. O, wic ten iBrautii]am freut ein^iv] ^u [d;nuufen bic ^^raut I (Bdf id) ^4^ev(en, fo benf ic^ an tid); M )\\]lid;em Diingc 125 £ommt mir ber (anglid;en ^J^anb fc^bne^ ©ebilb' in ten 8 inn. .1aufcf)cn )x>iii id) unb faufen ; tn foKft ba^ (Sd)bnfte ^on a((em S3af)(en; id) u>ibmete c\an ailc tic Sabung nur bir. ^cd) nid)t 6c^murf unb Sumelen allein ^erfc^afft bein ©eliebtcr : 2Ga5 ein (jiiu^li^e^ SLnnb freuet, ta^ brinc^t er bir auc^. 130 geine itJoUene !5)eden mit ^^^urpurfaumen, cin Sacjer 3u bcreiten, ta^ un$ traulic^ unb ireid^lic^ empfancjt ; ^'oftli^er 2cinu\inb Stiirfe. ^u fit^eft unb nal)eft unb ficibeft SO^ic^ unb bic^ unb and; ivol)l noc^ tin S^rittc^ taxdn. 33i(bcr ber ^offnung, taufc^et mcin ^cx^ ! O nuifnget, ©btter, 135 iDiefen getvaltigen 33ranb, ber mir ten ^ufen burc^tobt ! 5(bcr aud^ fie ^erlang' id) juriicf, bic fd)merjli(^e greube, 2Ccnn bie (Serge \id) fait, gra^lic^ gclaffen, mir na^t. '^'Hd)t ber ©rinn^en gacfel, ba^ 33ellen ber f)o((ifc^en Jpunbe ^d)xtdt ben Q^erbrec^er fo, in ber ^Ser^u^eiflung ©cfilb, 140 511^ ta^ gclaffne ©cfpenft mic^ fc^recft, ba$ tie. ar (^ umlaef)c(t bie (^vbe l^cn Satium bciterer cg)immel, D^ein am entu>Mften ^l^ur bilbet fie^ dlom^ ^cx'^ont, 5 SBie e^ bie (Sbne be()errfcf;t mit ben fiebenvjelMlgelten Siinien 33i6 3U bem 9)?eer jcnfeit^^, toxt i^om (Eabinergebirg. 5Ibcr tm SSanberer leitet ein ©cift tieffinniger 8ebtvermntf) 5D^it oft UHn(enbem ©ang burcf; bed dhiin^ 2aln)rintf). SBon uvalter unb altefter 3cit, unerUH'cflieb entfcf^lummert, 10 ^cget ber €rt 9iaef)f)af(, bfeibet ber 8tein 'i»3ionumcnt. 9?om. 41 Saft in ber 5)iu(]e 33c(3inrt fanb 3iiPii(t^t f)i<^^* ^'om Cl^^nnpui?, t^icr im gcniu3famcn Dfeic^ u^altete golbeit (Saturn. 2)rubcn crftrecfte fic^ bann bein 8i^, ^ttjeiftirniger 3anu5 ; 5Rac^ 3af)vtaufenbcn noc^ I)cifet bcr $u(]c{ ^on bir. Jerner, ein f)ii1li(^cr »^c(b §(vfabicn^, U>cnbct (it>anbcr Sic^ anficbelnb, f)ic()cr* 5tmpl)itrvoniabc5 SBarb, au^ Sbcricn fommcnb, bcf}crbcn]t nntcr bcm StroI)bac^ ^aKantcunu^ unb \(^inc\, rac^)cnb, im gelfcnc^cfluft (Sacu^, bcr 9tacf)5arn 6d;rccfcn, ben flammau^i)auc^enbcn dlanhcx: 5nfo cvflopifc^ t^crunrrt [tarrte nocf; 35?i(bnij3 itm^cr. (Snblicf; crfcf)U>ol(cn bic Se<]cl a\b$ ^sbr^i^icn : milD fie cmpfangenb (Sbnetc UanbeinUHirt^ ^^ibri^ bax 3Be((energuf?, 5)enn n>ol}( uniijt' cr bcftimmt hn (intfiUjrcr bcr troifc^cn Svircn, grucf)tbar an 3BeU(}errfcf>aft 3Hon6 5lfc^e ju fd'n. 5(ber i^ainnium wurbe nur erft, bann 5l(ba gepflan^^et, i^einer ber (2terb(icf)en noc^ l)atk "oon ?Ron\a gcf)iHt Sangfam reifte jum 2ic^t bie ©cbiirt ; ci5 verfuc^te ba^^ Sct)iif [at ^iiiek^ barum: nie gab'^ cine gcuviltigerc. 5}^aiHH-i$ mug erft liebenb crg(uf}n jur vcfta(ifc^cn ^ungfrau, ©•rft fic^ ber SSoIftn ©ier milbern in 'D^iitterlic^feit, 30 (Sf)e bie n?ei()enbe Surd;c ber ^>f(ugfcf)aar fonnte ben Umfreio 3cner romulifc^en ^tabt jiebn um \)cn S3erg ^^^alatin. 2)ccf; une ber ^^albgott gleicf) in ber ^\}kc\' cinft (2d;langcn eran'trgte, 2Bie6, unmiinbig unb f(ein, fd)on fie hn l)of)en 33eruf. 2)ie ^6(f 5lblcr bed 3»-'ud, fo Diomulud fal} ju ber Oved;ten, 35 Uebcr ben (^rbbali cinft follten fie breiten ben glug. 9]ic^t burd) robe ©ett)alt : 9iom uni^tc ben 5^ob ju verad)ten, 5lbcr t^a^ Seben juglei* ebrf ci? mit <^itf unb ©efe^. 25 42 9iom. !l)er ba^ 5lfv)( aiiftt)at, bcr @cno^ (upcrcalifc^cr Diaubcr, 40 Dvbncte ^atcr, itnb iivivb fclbcr jum ^atcr dtirin. !Dann bcr erfinncnbc 5hima, ber I)cimlicf)cn 9h)mp^c ^crtrautcr, Diciiiicjtc 5lllc^ in itiaft un'hbii^cr 9ic(ij]ion. »§uttcn c^cnru^tcu bcii 53ru\^cnt aimcc^, al6, tiiftig ben (Jnfcln (5c^on iHH-foi\3cnb, bic v^tabt numc^c^ gcmcinfamc 5i>crf 45 53aucn gctcrnt : incrccfiv^ (^cfvuin nac^ ctnivifc^cm Diic^tmaaf?, £)()n' anfih]cnbcn 5iitt D3iaffcn mif ^33iaffcn gc(t\]t, S^nh fic^ bie Oiinipnau'r ifntcn, vcvtlcftcn fid; 'IGi^llnincjcn unten, 5)^it 33onmcvfcn unibammt nnirbe bcr geli3 (Scipitol. SBiele ^Scrfaffun^^cn ftiirjtcn ba[)in ; noc^ fte()n bic Qjcmaucv, 50 SKclc^' cinft 5lncii^ (H\3ann obcr Supcrhi^ cntunavf. S3a(b nnn crfc^icn bcr 3^ccicr Wniti), unb bic 53ci(c bc^ ^rutui?. «i^auptev, vom l^flug oft (}cv obcv iH>m 4^ccrbc gcl)olt, 5tamcn, crvcttctcn, ficgtcn, ^cvnic(;tctcn obcr bc^ihmtcn, Unb bann fc[)rtcn fie l)eim, fti((, ju bem 9iinbei\]efpann. 55 Oiiifti^em 5llter nod) tvoff ab()avtenbcr Sc^u^ci^ ; boc^ fcf;iencn llntcr bem greifen Q}ciod 9(unjc(n bcr (5tirn 2)iabcm. 5)rum and) licbte b'ie ^Ut'cn bcr (Sterblic^cn 3cugcr unb 21>e(tf)crr, 3Bei( fie im ^(bglanj 3()n ftcKtcn am un'irbigftcn bar. Dit ^nvir branqte fie 9iotf), bod; jcnc lun^UHnfcItcn nimmcr, 60 2)cnn bic c^cl^eiliv^tc (Ecfecu u\inbtc i^on ifMicn bic gurc^t. Wit bcr ®efal)r ivuc^^ jcbcm bcr *iOiuti) ; \\d) fiir 5I([c bem ^ob (Bd)kn cinfaltigc ^^flic^t if}nen in baurifc^cr 53ruft. SoKuft preifcn fiir ^Uv^enb, bic S[Bei<3i)cit fliigelnber ©ricc^cn (Sc^uf bem gabriciui? ©vau'n, nicl;t ba^ gcUMirlge Xbkv. 65 SBad)t, unb bciiHi[}rt, DUnncr, bic 3>^id)t\ 9tacf; S^'i'tnt, ba ^ro^ euc^ ^Beji in'5 5lntli^ bet, fommcn t]efa()r(ic^crc. S3alb ttjirb cure ®cfrf;icf;t' (Sin ein^iigcr lander "Iriumpf^iuoi, Unb bcr crmiibcte ^licf ]'M)it t^ci^ (vrobcvtc faum. 9tcm. 43 Guc^ rcift ($rnte M 9hit)m^: eucf; ^at (5'art[)ago gcti?uc^crt, (J)(ci(^ii)ie bcv truufene 03ott euc^ Sncraubcr (\c]kc\^t. 70 3u ©d;icb^ric^tcrn bcr 3So(fcr beftcKt iinb ber 5^onige Sc^rccfcn, gaM % Me SBac^e flcrecf;t (}ic(tct, fo mocl;tct i[)r \vo[)[ Stet^ obiiHiltcn ben 1)iiu3cn nac^ 3o»i5 untablii^cr ^H^((macf;t ; 2)oc() 511 bc^3 ©liicf^ ^HH-iinivf mact)t i()v ba^ f)o[)e (^cbci()n. 9]id;t bcr 8amnitc, bc^ (^aUicri^ 2i5ut(), nid)t ^^anuibal bampft curt), 75 60 ivil('^3 euer ©efc^icf : fcibft nur erliegct fic^ 9iom. 2Ber nie bebte bem (Sifcn, t)om (i)o(be nur mnt)' er ben 53(icf ah, !Dcffen 6ct()orenber (^(anj ()cgt 33afi(k^fennatur. ^aft bu i>er(crnt ui entbcl)ren, unb \x\\l)\\\t ben 33efii^ ]n ertragen? tg)err bein fclbft fein gi(t'^, ober t>on 2(({em ber ^c(ai\ 80 9iie ju crfattigen frt;n>e(;^t bie 33egier, hie erfiinfteltcn Safter, ^cx au^ ber grembe gefd^ifft, fau'ft uner|'rf)unnglirf;er ^4^rei^. geil ift 5l(Ien ber €taat: bir, Sraffu^, urn (5anb bc6 ^^aftolu^; (5to{3 n)i(l [rt;altenbe ^Ouic^t, (Epiele ber $obe( unb 53rob. 6cauru$ unb gabiu^ ()eijjt i()r une fonft ; bcc^ err6t()en ber §(()nen 85 ^{(bniff im 53orfaa( eu($; immer entartctere &i)nc fi($ '^cuo^t biV$ verberbte &c\d)ic^t Di)n\m^tic^c 33orfi{^t, Die bem entncr^enben (5trom @d)ranfcn entgcgengeftellt ! 5n(e^ \a fo(get bem @trube( ; \)a^ Dtcc^t unrb falfc^e^ @eu>ebe, grei()eit untbe^ ©eliift, Sart>e bie DU'ligion. 90 SBad bem ©emiitf) einpragten bie bieberen 33rvntc^e ber ^^or^eit, Sinb ^uc(;ftabcn in (irj, bennort; erl6frt)et bie ^^cbrift. SBa^ iro(}l biirfte befte()n, u>cnn rinnifc^e ^ugenb unb greif)eit ^^iebergeftiirjt ? 9^i($t^ bleibt unter bem ^33^ntfff)enc3ef(^(ec^t. 5lud{) fo ficlen fie grop. 51(^3 ^Surgerent^uunung in 9iom6 33(ut 95 ^aurt;te ba^ romifd;e <2c^nu^rt, \ai) bie befubelte 9Be(t 5[IIe6 gebanbigt, nur nid)t bie erf)abene 8ce(e be6 (5'ato ; SBar frei Icben ^evfagt, ftevbcn to(b (c()rten fie frci. 44 dlom. (Boi^cxUi 2!rummcv cntfamcn hex S^iigcnben 'B^i^bxndi : n\xf 100 ^at [id; tic (Stoa nnc t}icr univbigc (EcBiilcr c^cftablt. Smmcr nod) mH [id) hcmi^xcn t)ct 2^1}atfvaft madnicjcv 9]acb? bvmf, 3m aii^fcf)U>cifcnbcn ^[)un !iif}ncr ©cbanfcn (^'utunirf. !Dic^ Bfif^iftcr, cntmobut bcr 33cuninbcniiU3, hiHt urn (5Tftaintcn, 2hb3 ben ©cnu'itbcnt f)inau»3 fliuttct fid) ))lom^ ^^3^ijcftat 105 ScijiO in ^oxnm iinb C^ircu^^ Xbcatcr unb ^^aW unb 2^rium^>()tf)cr, Scglittci^ cb(c ©cbilb 9vicd)i|'(^HT 5(vdntcctur. 3it>ifd;cu bie (Saidcn unb ©icbcl nun bvancjcn fic^ marmornc SSunbcv, 5Itf)mcnbcr (Statucn 33oI! bicnct, gcfangcn gcfit^rt. 2)cnn c6 i^crfammclt bic cinji^^- £tabt, n\a^ ^anbcr (^c^icrt Kit : no ^a^, anmut(ni3cn ^^aud; {cif}cnb, bcr ©vicdK gcformt; 2Ba^, ticfbcnfcnb unb crnft, bcr 2(c3V^^ticr ; nnic^cnb am Tcmpcl Sicgt bcr Kifaltcnc ^'M unb bic i^ranitcnc (Sp(}inr. 5Iu^ ati)iopif(^cm (Stcinbruc^ cinft i>on (5c[oftri^ cntbotcn, SBcit »on 6^)cnc ijcxah, Icrntc bcr (Sonn^Dbcliff iiSUcbcr bic (See I)inf(utcn, ben 9?il fiir ben 3^ibcr ^crtaufd;cn, ^33Jit nac^at)mcnbcm (BtxaU griipcn cin frcmbc^ ©cftirn. ^cutc ncc^ fprid;t cr umfonft in ixn-borcjcncn *i^icroc3h>pl)cn, 5Ibcr cr mad;t and) funb, n>cr ju iHn-nc(}mcn c^ trcift 5Som Umfcf)unin(]c bcr 3cit, urUH'ltlicfccn ?D^cnfd)cniicbanfcn, 120 ,§crr(id;cr 9tcic^' (^inftur:;, unb bcr Scbcnbiv]cn 9iict>t5. Doc^ bic5 '^V\d)t^ \d)\V(Ut an jum (^Hi^untcu bic rafcnbc QEillfur, 2Ba$ nH>{)( blicbc juriicf, nid)t ^on ^cfpotcn ^crfud)t? 3cnc, bic 9iom branbmarftcn mit allbciftimmcnbcr 5incc^tfc^aft, ^abcn ben ^(bcirunb (^anj h'tfterncr JsvcihI entf)unt. 125 2Bcil)rauc^ bampften 5?[Uarc bcr 33rut unbolber ^amonen, 53i^ fie ber 6c^mac^ ()inUHirf ^^loi^lic^ ent^ottcrnber 9)^ orb. dlom. 45 grei(i4 c^ w^iit iinmcnfcf;(if^ ba6 53o(f an ten cigcncn a((ct bc5 35or^ang5 buftcnber ^urpur, Daf nur ben 2Bcic^)lini]cn nicf)t frf^abe bcr fonnige Straf)!. 3f)nen ju ?5u|5cn inbcp, bluttruufcncr Sdigcn (vrgot3en, Xobt 2Bc()f(agcn nnb ^utf), nnb bcr bojubelte ^^ob. 3um Scf)aufpic(ci- crnicbrigct fiimpft untvitlig bcr ^bicre 135 j^onig, unb, minbcr gcfrf^a^t, unbcr ben Selavcn bcr 8c(ay. Africa i)at fid; erfct;epft an ©eburten bcr gliiljcnben ^NilDni^, 2;iger unb ^nd)^$ unb ^\yan' ; auc^ bcr ^oio^ (£(cp(}ant g(el)ct, ^ervatf)en unb uninb, 5}^itlcib burc^ Sammergebcrbe, 3)er fonft ojfen im gc(b rumifcf;e ^cere bcfturmt. 140 ©raufamer 8pott! Ci3 crfennct ^k ^Dicng' in bem 53i(be fic^ [elbft nii1)t; 5Ric^t fiir bie grei{)eit met)r, nocf; bcr 5>crbunbetcn S(^u<3, 5^oc^ ©rabmale bcr Skater gefu()rt, tt?i(Ifaf)rcnb bc^ ^^crrn 2Binf, 2iiarb bcr cntmlrbigte £ricg gUibiatorifc^er (Sd^cr^. SBie tvof)( €(tni(cn bcr gcc[;tcr, ^ur SBctte ^on ftrcitenben l^^tciftern 145 ©egcncinanbcr gcftcKt, \d)iaa^t S!:C(\ion Scgion. Cb fie t)a^ dlcid) an^bictcn, bie pratorianifc^cn 33anbcn, 9htr urn bcr i^nec^tfc^aft 2^aufc^ flie^t ba6 »eri)anbclte ^(iit. Sene, bie fonft ru()mi>oIIer bcr SBiiff (5imi^of)ncr befampften, gern an bcr ©ven^e bcr 31>c(t, rau()e^ !iBarbarengcfc^(ecf^t, @lci(^une bcr Sager t)a^^ SffiilD aufftort in bem Sager bcr 8crg^ fc^tuc^t; ' Se^t mijitrann fie bem '^}tutf) binter »erfc^anjenbem SSall. -^Hirtl)ifc^cr £oc^er ©efc^op, juncfvic^ ))on i)tn dlo}\cn befiugelt, €d^euc^et fie oft t)or fict) f)er, nic^t in crbic^teter g(udbt. i;o 46 fRom. 155 Slber ben fanbtgcn ^purcn M ^n\^ folgt ^ungrig bcr (Ec^afaf, .geult in bcr 9^acf;t fvo() auf, nnttcrnb ben Seicfccnc>n-U(^. !l)en fie fo (an^^e gcrci^iet, bcr llr bcr krcmti[($cn gorftcn, Dft auc^ €tot3e gefu()(t [cinci3 c]cUHiUiv3cn c§orn^?, (S'r bri($t cnbdc^ ^crt?or, rcipt f)in burc^) jcglic^e^ ^tcHneiv 160 Unb unit fclber ten geinb fuc^cn in beffen ®chkt. 9^ic^t I)albvi()m unb bcm Siege bequcm, tt>ie bie 2;f)iere be5 G^ircu^5, ^ilb, unc ber ^eimatl) 3inilb, ()cifcl;t er entfc^cibenben i^ampf. Uebcr bie 5((pcn fyxah fcf;on iraf^cn fic^ neue ^^cutoncn, !l)oc^ fcin 93?ariu^ nai}t ! 5lbcr ein bleic^e^ ©cfpcnft 165 arb'5 in ber «iP)immlif(^cn 9iat()e bcfc^Ioffcn, Unb ^on5ic[)n iijx ©cric^t foil ta^ gcrmanifcf)e 8d)nu'rt. 5ltti(a fc(;recfte i^on fern, bocb n>urbigt' er nict)t ju erobcrn; 170 X>eutfc^e bct]cf)rt' er in 33unb, Diomern gcbot er ^Iribut. 2(ber e^ fc^icft (^~art[)ago ^anba(ifct)c gtotten bent ^iber; €0 ireit fy\t fic^ bc^ ©Iiic!^ rollenbe ^ahc geuumbt. 2Ba6 fc^on Scipio bort, anfc^viucnb bie eigne 5Sern,niftung, 5((6 in ber '^ladjt, graun^cU, frac^te ber glamme Diuin, 175 Unb in ten 2BoIfen bcv3 2)ampf5 auffc^tug gro^locfen unb SBcbruf, §Iu6 bem ()eroifc^en Sicb af)nenbcn (iinn6 prcplie^eit: „^inft nnrb fommen bcr Zac\, ta ta^ f)eilige Slion ^infinft, ^riamo^ auc^, unb bc^ fpeerfct;u>ingcnben ^^riamo6 5>olf;" 3e^o gefc^ic()t'6 : lanm ^cbet i()r ^anpt an^ ten rau^cnbcn ilrummern, 180 6d^muc!(o^, bang unb betaubt, acl;! bie ^?3ionvircbin ber SSclt. 9toma, ber ^at(a^ ©cfpiclin, ii)r al)nlic^ am €cl;ilb unb ber San3e, Seid^ter gegiirteten (^ang^ nac^ 5lmajoncngcbrauc^, diom. 47 ^ie fonft 3upitcr$ SSiufc gcfanbt "oon bcm uvidcubcn «5c(m6ufcf), 6iy ftidtraucrnb unb Ic()nt xibcx jcrbroc^ncn 2;rop(>Vn. 5Ra{$ t)ic( graiifciibcn9iac^tcn^ aB 2U(c^ ver[)ccrt unb gcraubt U^ar, 185 2l((e6 euti^olfcrt, jiile^t !am bie iHTlaffcne DhU). Seife bcfeufjcnb umf)au($t fie bic Ijaib nod) t?crobetcn ^lic^cl, ffl3e(c^e, unc (^rabcrn c^ejicmt, ^^cllu^ mit Dtafcn cicbcdt. gdeblic^cr mogcn fie mux ()infiufen, bie (etUen Diuinen, i^angft ju iHn-fc(;tt)iftertem (Brf;utt neic^et fic^ Saul' unb ©ebalf. 190 (5ic(), t)icr (enfte f)craiif fid; bie i)ei(i^]e Strafjc : une cftmal^ »5cr "oom capenifc^en Zhov txu(\ fie ten ^^omp be^ ^^viiimpf)^, gclbf)err, i^riccjer imb ^o(f, unb gefeffelter 5^onige guf^tiitt, Dft t)or bem geftruf \d)cn fctjneeiger Dicffe ©efpann, 23ii5 tic geiiHnf}eten (S[)ven bc^3 Sieg^, ber ©eliibbe SSeuuilirung 195 Unter bem ©oibbac^ baw] 3upiter C^apitolin! 3el^t ein t>erfaumter unb cinfamer ^4-^fab, ti^o trage ta^ (EaumtMcr, ^anblicf;e SBaare jur ^tatt fc^affenb, ben 2^veiber erna[)rt. @ie^ ta^ ^salatium biiiben, ba6 alle ^aUafte knannt ^at, 2Go, n^ei( (5incr nur (]a{t, uvic^fenb be^ (^in^igen «^au5 2co O^omuhiS' D^om einnal)m, unb bie alten ^^-naten Hnauutrieb, Unb bem bethorten (kkiiift 9iero'6 ju enc]e bod^ fd^ien. itann'^ tdn 5[ui]e nocf) blenben, ein epi)euumvanfte^ ©enuiuer, ?OIit 3Seinreben umfvan^t, (ctauben unt ©avtenc^euvicfco ? iiber bem 33abegemac(; nun fpieien ber SBin^erin iiiuDer, 205 llnb bad ©emolbe beumljrt {}audlic^ed Slcfergeratf). „S[I>eibet/' fo rief an^5 begeiftevter 53ruft bic o[)l Iut3t cC bic 2)odf) nie briuget bie ^rvift mei)r von ber Surjel in'd «i^aupt. £0 aud; fpielt bie 9iatur ()ier gevu iu gefadigeu ©abeu, Satu'cub ]n mauulicber Zi)at (S'xn\t bem OkMnuti)e gebrid;t. (Siu^ig bie 33ilbueviu .Quuft u>etteiferte uocl; mit ber ^isortvelt, "40 ^2U^, iu bem Sc^oope bcr ^^ic^t Uiugem inn-geffeu geivei^t, fRcm. 49 3enc ^eKenifc^e 'gulbin erftanb ; an er^abnen ©ebilben SSie^ \id) crgicbig kr @eift, nic^t ja hr ^obcn aUein. 9fia))()ael t)i(^tcte (icbenb, )3ropf)etifc^ crfann 33onarotti, Wi^a^k hc^ $antf)con5 3) cm ftolj in ben 5fet§er f){nauf. 5l5er fie auc^ fcf;n)anb f)in, bie crf)eiternbe S(utf)e. „©en)efen" 245 3ft 9^om'0 2Ba(}(fpnid; ; nennt, it?c(c^c6 S3cftrckn i^r trcKt, @a()nenb cntfrf;(ci(^ct bic 3cit, a(5 f)attc fie nic^t^ ju cmnuten, (Stct^ bvcf)t £)cmi5 am Sci(, ftct6 »on bcm ($fc( jcrnagt. 3anii6 erfcl;cint i)icr fclbev, bcr @ctt bcr S3cginne, t^crftummelt : 6ein ^orfc^auenD ©efic^t lofc^tc bcr 3iiG<^nbIi^fcit 250 4^offnungcn au^, formic^, nnfcnntlic^cr 8119^; ^i^ «nbre 9iucfn)art^ fc^aucnbe (Etirn furcl;ct iinenb(i^cr ©ram. SBcIc^e^ ©cftcbcr noc^ bracl;t' 5[u(^iiricn? vrc(($e (BibvKe !Deutete Sn^itnft woU fo(d;cm ixrfunfcncn Sein? 5l(tcrt bie 3Bc(t? iinb iubcp mx (ipatlinge traumcn, entloft [id) 255 3§t f)infaHigcr ^an fc^on in (et[)aif(^e^ @raii6? Wit 9(ei(^miit()i(]cm Sinne bet 2)inge S3cfc^(ug ju crirartcn, i?ein imnn"irbii]cr Dxt ware bie cUMc^e Stabt. SHfo fang ic^ am giipe i^on (^cftiii5 ^cnfp^ramibc, Scil aKma^Iic^ iijr (ic^att' iinter ben ©rabern ^erf($ti?omm. 260 !Dammrung cntfaltcte ring6 ten gcfilbeinpUenbcn SJ^antel, Urn tm 33etrac^tcnben fcf;n?ieg tiefere gcicrlid;fcit : gernf)er fliifterten nur tt)cl)mut^ige bunfle (^^^reffen, Unb mitfu(}[enb, fo fc^ien'^ w^anUc bcr $inie ^aupt. 6tumm )x>ax ato ©cuni^t nnb ©ctof xtnru()igeg ^reibcn^, 265 it^eifeften $ul^f(^Iag faiim fpiirtc bie ganje S^atur, Hnb faft fc^aucrte mir, ob nicf)t ben ScBenbigen fremb ici) D(}n' einbriicfenbe (£pur ix)anbelt' im (5d;attcn9ebiet. 6c^tvermut(}^i^c(lcr ?D^omcnt, u\inn finfcnb be^ ^ac^e^ 5}?o^ narc^in D. A. 50 dlcm. 270 6ammt bcm bcfccfcnbcn 2lcl;t gevmcn unb %axbm entiucft, 5U(e6, gcbampft unb cvblaflt, nuif)nt iinfcv cntfc^tx>inbcnbc^3 Dafcin, Unb Uin «^3offcn cxMt iibcr bcu ivbifc^cu ^tcinb. ^Jlod) nicf)t fuufcln bio ^tcnic, unb <](cid;fam junfcf>cu ba^ ^cbcii 3)raiu]ct ciit (ctiKftaub \ici) unb bic Unftcr6lic()fcit cin. 275 Doc^, n)ie bie f)eilu3c 9^ic^t mit ^cvf^cificnbcn ^(itc^eu f)crabfc^viut, 5lf)nct bet ftvcbcnbc Qcift frcubij^e aBicbcrc^cbml ilroftenb begci]ncte fo !I)ein 33(ic! mir, cb(e ©cfabvtin, 3cncr cntjiicfcnbe ^txalji (\bttMKn ^Te^pclcicftivn^?. 'IGaf)r^eit \voi)nct in i()m, unb bic licbcnbe l)obc '^cv^ciftnmg, 2S0 2Se(d^c, 3ur SBonnc bcm Sc^mcv^i, fclbcr in 3^f)vanen cn3lanjt. Sem bu bcteft bcr grcunbfd;aft §anb, fann nimmcr ^crjuun* fcln, S£?ann iincj(aubigev ^Jcf)n mad^t ^uin gantcm ba6 (TU-fiibl. 3art()cit t)cgcnb in ticfcm ©cmutC), bcim @utcn i}C[^ (^djbm, ^cnn\t :2)u bcr .^ulb 5lni)aucf) c\k\d) unc bcr C^h-ot3C OK'twiIt. 285 Mit inclfavbivjcm 3^iiibcr umcjicbft !Du ben ^ic^tcr: ci5 Ijcmmt nirf)t, SGa^ 9iationcn cntfcrnt, !3^cincn gcfh'igcltcn ©eift. Sag benn Iaufd;cn mi(^ 2)ir, ?DZitt()ci(crin grcger ©ebanfcn, QBann ba^ bcrcbte ©cfprac^ fu\]cnben 2i^>pcn cntftromt! ^i3icl iH>n er(}abcnen ^)3ianncvn bcr ^onixlt n^oKcn \m rcbcn, 290 ^on 93titlcbcnbcn ami) ober ben C)?fcrn bcr 3>^\t. Unb u\inn itntcr Den 3Ecifcn, bic rein fiir \}a^ (^Kmje geftrcbct, 3Bir auffuct;cn cin 3?i{b milbcfter ^iHTtcrlic^^fcit, Strcng' in bet civjencn S3ruft, lanv3muti)icj bcm 2Ba^n xmb bem Unbvinf, ©(cic(nt)ie cin cc^ufjgcift fcbircbt iibcr bcm ?}Zcnfc^cngcfc^Icc^t : 295 Dann [ci bcffcn @cbaff)tnit? <]cf}ci(i3ct, unlcbcn jn fcnncn 5Ri($t mir cjcgonnt u\ir, vicl; ! UHlcl)en Xu cumv^ bcUHinft. 91. ii>. von adjlc^el. 5ln ben 5fctf)cr. 51 16. nie 6ubbiiunu. 5(u6 ten (Davten fomm' ic^ ju ciirf;, i[)r 3of)nc bc^ 33crcjcc I §lud ben (Garten: ba kht bie 9^atur gcbulbi^^ nnb Knielid), ^flegenb unb uneber gepflcgt, mit bem fleijiivjen 33?cn]'c^en 5iifammen. ?[ber i()r, i^r «5err{icf)en, ftef}t, Unc ein 5?olf von ^^itanen, 3n bcr jal)meren 3Celt unb a,ci)bxt nur end; unb bem «§imme(, !Der eucf; na[)it' unb erjOj^, unb ber (Srbe, bie euc^ gebcrcn. 5veinev lum eucf; ift nod; in ber ?Jtenfd)en €($ule gec]anv]en, Unb i[u- bvangt end), fvHUid; unb frei, au5 fraftic^cr ^Uirjel llnter einanber ()erauf unb ergreift, une ber 5(bler bie ^eutc, '^Jlit getraltigem 5(rme tax -Kauni, unb gegen tic 2j3olfcn 3ft euc^ ()eiter unb grop \)k fonnige itrone gerid)tet. (^"ine 2i3e(t ift jeber i?on euc^ ; \v>k bie 8terne M *§imme(6 Sebt if)r, jeber cin ©ctt, im freien 33unbe ^ufammen. i^onnf ic^ bie 5ined)tfc^aft nur erbulben, ic^ neibete ni miner 2)iefen 2Bvi(b unb fd)miegtc mid) gem an'^ gefeOige Seben; geffelte nur nic^t mef}r a\\^ gefetlige Seben biV3 «g)erj mic^, ^a^ 'oon Siebc nic^t Uipt, une gem tt)urb' ic^ unter euet> n^ofjuenl 2;reu unb freunblic^, n)ie t)U, erjog ber ©otter unb 9}ienfd)en i?einer, 5Sater 5Iet^er! mi(^ auf. 9^oc^ e()e tic 93hitter 3n bie 5(rme mic^ nabm unb il}re ^ichc mic^ nabrte, ga^teft tn ^axtiid) mic^ an unb goffeft Mmmlifcben 3ranf mir, Mix ben f)ei(igen Cbem 5ucrft in ben feimcnben ^ufen. 9^ic^t t)cn irbifc^cr 5ioft gebeif)en einjig tic 2I?efen, 5lber bu na^reft fie ali' mit beinem 5ieftar, i^ater ! 4—^ 10 52 5rn ben 5lctf}cv. llnb e6 bxanc\t fic^ unb viniit a\i^ bciucr cn.>iv3cu guKe !l)ie befcetcnbe Suft buvc^ altc 9u>()rcu M ^ebcu^. lo Datum licbcn bie 2Bc[cn bic^ ctuc^ unb vingcn unb ftrcben nnauff}or(ic^ Mnauf nad) i^ix in frcubicjcm 2Bad)^t^um. 4Mmmlifcf)cr ! fudjt nid;t biit) mit i[)rcn 2(uv3cn bie ^4-^flanje, 8trccft Uvid) bir bie f(tuct;tcvncn ^^Ivmc bcr nicbiiv3c £trauc^ nic^)t? Dag ev tid) finbe, jcrbrid)! bcr gcfani3cne Saame bie "^ulfe; 1 5 Dag er bclebt »on bir in bcincr ^BcUc fic^ babe, ^d)nttcit bcr 3Balb ben 8ct;nee une ein iibcvlaftii] @en^«nb a\), iHuc^ i}k 8ifd;e fommcn ()evauf unb I)iipfcn vcvlanc^cnb Ucbcr t)ic glanjenbe Slad;c bed Stroma, iM hco^d)xtcn and) biefe *^(ud ber SBoge ju bir; auct> t^cn cMn ^(}ieren ber (5rbe ^o S93ivb 3um gluqe ber (Sc^ritt, n>enn eft ba6 geumlti^e 6ef)nen, Die get)eime Siebe ju bir fie er^rcift, fie I)inauf5ie^t. (Sto(5 ^erac^tet ben 33oben ta^ 9iog, nne cjebogener (2taf)l ftrebt 3n bie «i^of)e fein ^^aU\ mit bcm «5ufe beru()vt ed tax cift, !aum fid)tbar burd^ bie ©ebiifc^e. 5Iber M 5(ctf)cr3 Sieblincje, fie, tk gliicftidjcn ^bc^ci, 3Bol)nen unb f^nclcn i^ergnru]t in ber eivigcn §al(e M 3Sater$. 9^aume5 ^cnug ift fiir alle. Der ^^fab ift feinem be^eic^nct, ;,o Unb ed rcgen fic^ frci im ^-Jaufe bie ®rogen uub 5J(eincn. Ucbcr bcm «§aupt fro()(ccfcn fie mir, unb ed fe[)nt fic^ auc^ mein 2i3unberbar ju i[)ncn ^inauf; \m bie frcunblic^e ^eimati) ^^inft ed l^on obcn I)crab, unb auf bie ©ipfel ber SUpen Wvd)t' id) \van\)cxn unb rufen »on ba bcm eitenben 5lMer, 3S Dag er, tt?ie einft in bie 5Irme bed 3cni5 ben fclicjen iinabcn, 5hi5 bcr (^cfangcnfc^aft in bed 2let(}crd .^allc mid) tracje. :X()oric^t treiben tvir und umtjcr; mc bie irrenbc ^cbc, 5^ie Sifc^er auf (^apri. 53 SBenn if)r bcv Stab gcbric^t, movau ,511111 §immc( [ie aufivac^ft, S3reiten wix u6cr ben ^obcu un^ aii^ unb fud;cu unb n)anbevu !Durci^ bie ^onm ber (Srb', 25ater 5(ct()cr, vm]ebcn6; 40 IDenn e^ trcibt un6 i}k Suft in bcincn ©vxrtcn ju tt?o[)nen. 3n bie 9)^ccvcef(iitf) trcrfcn ivir un^, in ben freieren (itnien Un6 5U fattii]en, unb c5 umfpielt bie unenblid^e SBoc^e . Unfern 5vie(, e^ fveut fic^ bai^ ^^cx] an ben iivaften be5 '3J^\n\]otti?. !Dennocl) genucjt ii)m nirf;t; t)mn ber tiefeve Ccevin rei^t nno, 45 SSo bie leirf)tere SBeUe fic^ regt. O u>er bovt an j'ene ©cibenen kn\kn ba^ tvanbcvnbe Sc^ijf ^u treiben Krniocf)te I Slber ittbef ic^ ()inauf in bie bammevnbe Serne mid; febne, 9Bo bu fvembe Gieftab' umfaiu^ft mit blaulic^er ^i\]c, ^ommft tn faufedib hcxab ihmi bei3 grud;tbaum^ bli"d)enben SBipfein, 50 ^atcx $(eti)er, unb flinftigeft feibft ba6, ftvcbenbc ^evj mir; Hub ic^ lebe nun gcvn, tt)ie suDor, mit t)cn 33iumen bev Grbe. ^olbertiu (1797). 18. gic J^iscbcr imf Capri. ^a\t ^n ^apxi gefe()n unb M felfenumgitvteten Cii(anri5 8d;roffe^ ©eftab a(6 ^^iK^er beiuc^)t, bann mei^t Xu, ane felteu 2)orten ein Sanbung^plat) fiir nai}enbe (5c^iffe ju fpii^n ift: 9tur jUJei (^tdkn crfd;eincn bequcm. 53?and; nuid^tii-je^ gai)V5eih] 93^ag ber gevaumige ^^a\cn empfa()n, bet gec^en 9Jeape(i5 5 Sieblid)en ©olf f)inbeutet unb (]ec]en €a(evn^ '^Dieevbufen. 5lber bie anbere 8tel(e (fie nennen hn fleinevcn 3tranb fie) ^ci}xt fid; gegen ta^ obere 9)Jeer, in \^k UH\3enbe SBilbnifv 2©o fein Ufer bu fief)ft, al^ ba6, auf njclc^em bu felbft ftel)ft. 9hii' dn geringere^ 53oot mag ()ier anlanben ; c^ liegen 10 gclfige Iviimmer uml)er, unb e^ brauft bie beftanbige 33rvanbung. 54 2)ie Sifc^cr auf (?apri. ?hif km crf)o[)tcrcn ScB crfc^cint cin ^crfaWcnbco ^Bovn^crf, 'i)3iit (icf)ic^Htavtcn ^evft(;u ; fci'^, tvip (}icr immcr ciii ^adp tf)iirm 'liagtc, ten offciicn 3trant> l>or 5nv]icr^ S^l^]c 511 f}utcn, 15 Xie iHMt bcm Ciilaub oft 3uiU3fraitcn uiib Suiu^linge ^m\]fta()(; 6ei'^, bag gL\]cu ben Stolj (inglanb^ unb cvfabrcne (Sccfimft (5rft in bcr jiinc^cvcn 3nt c^ crbaiit bcr 9?apo(conibe, ^Dcm ^^avtbcuepe fouft auofpamUc bio ^4>fcvbc bc^ 2i?ai]cn^, 3f)u bviun aha lun-jagtc, vcrrictf), ja tobtctc, fcit cr 20 5ln^ trculofc ©cftab buvc^ fctmcid^clubc 33vicfe gctocft u\irb. (Stcigft bu [)cvab in ben fanbivpt itici^ fo gcivahrft \)n cin gc(i?ftiu-f -^^icbvig iinb plvitt in bie 3©ogcn (}inau^ Xxoi^ Inctcn bcr 33ranbung ; Dcrt anlc()nt fic^ mit runblic^cm 2)ac^ bie bcfcficibcnc S[i>o()nuncj !3)uvftii]cr gifcl)cr, c5 ift bie cnt(ci]cufte syittc bcr 3nfc(, -5 53(o^ burcf; ricfij^e (Stcinc befcl;uij.t ^ox ftiirmifcbcm 5(nbran(^, 2)cr oft liber \)cn *cvinb UH'gfpuIt unb \}[c '^d)\vdic hc\Ki}t iijx. ^aum f)egt, irgcnb iun()cr, cinfacl)crc 5}icnfd)en He drbc; 3a fvium ()egt fie fie nocf;, c5 crnaf)rt fie bie fc^aumcnbe 3i>oc;c. 9lic^t bie ©efilbe bcr 3nfel beu>o()nt bie^ arme @efc^(cc^t, nic 30 ^fiMt c5 bc6 Dctbvium^ Srud^t, nie fc^lummert e^ unter bcm ^N aim ban m : 5Rur bie l^erunlbcrte 'DJiM'tc nccf) bh'i(}t nnb bcr nntetcrnbc G'actnd 5(u5 unirirt[}lic^cm Stein, nur \vcn\c\c 33lumcn nnb 5)tccn]ra^ ; (Sf)er i^ertranbt ift bier bem geUHiItigen (ccf;anme(emente 5((^ ber beacferten (ccf;o((e ber ?[Renfc^ nnb bem iippigen Saatfelb. 35 0j(eic^c$ ©cfcbaft erbt ftet^ )>on bem ()entii3en Xage bcr nac^fte ; 3mmer \}a^$ 9?ci} an(?UHTfcn, c^ ein^icbn ; unebcr c^ trocfnen Ueber bem fcnniy^cn ^k^, bann ivicber c^ nnnfcn nnb einue{)n. ^ijiev hat friif)e ber iinabe Vcrfncf^t in bcr ^IhKc i,n platfcbern, griibe ta^ Steucr ju brcl}cn gelernt unb bie 3inber 5U fcl^lagen, 5(ma(ft. 55 ^at a(d 5^inb mutf)Un[(iy} gcftrcic^clt ten roKcnben 3)elp[}in, 40 2)er, bnxd) Xoiie c^elocft, an bic 33arfe [)crau fiit) tval^tc. 9)109' cuc^ Sc(]cn t)cr(ci()cu ciii d'^ott, [auimt jeglic^cm Xagircvf, gricMic^e 93?cnf(^cn, \o nal)' bcr D^itur iinb bem Spiegel bee 2Seltaa^ ! 5i}ioge, ba gropeven 5H?nnfcf; end; nie bie 33e<]ievbe c^clifpclt, Tlb(\c bcx X[)m\\i\d) oft, eitc^ 23ente 511 feiu, unb ber Srfjwevtfifct) 45 $)ier aufcl;unmmen ! (5'^^ liebt [le ber (Jffer im reictcn 9icape(. 0)(iuf(iit}e gifcf;er! unc aurf; 5tviei3oftuvmc i^em\inrelt ben Grb-^ frei(3, greie 311 Sclaiu^n geftempcit iinb ?ilc\d)c 311 Xrirftiy]en, if)v mir 6a[)t (}icr (ipanier, fabt ()ier 33ritten unb OJalder I)errfc^en, Dhibii) unb fern bcm Oictofe ber 2Celt, an ten Oirenjen ber 93ienfcf)l)eit, 5° 3iinf(^en bem fcf;roffen ©efd'tft unb be^ 9}^eer^ anf($n)cKenbcr Sal^fhitf), 2ekt! e^ lebten une i[)r be6 ®efc^(ec^te uraftefte SSater, Seit bie^ (5i(anb einft i>on bem (Sift ber Sirene fic^ lo^ri^, Dber bie 3^ccl;ter 5iuv3uft$ i)ier fiijje S^erbrec^en beireinte. ^natcn (1827). 19. ^maffi. gefttag ift'^ unb hckht finb B^Hen unb ©ange be6 iilofter?, SBelcbe^ am gel^abljang in ber 9iai)e be^5 fct)onen 5(malfi g(uti) unb ©ebirge kH}errfcl;t, unb bcm ^[u(\t be[)ag(ic^en Z\hcU raum ®onnt, 5U ten giifen ba6 5}teer unb (nnaufn\u-t5 fanttge ©ipfcl, Steile 2;erraffcn umf)er, ivo in ^auben bie dlchc \id) aufranft. 5 3)oc^ nic^t 53ionc{)e beuu^[)nen c5 met)r, nic^t alte dborale fallen im iiircl^engeunUb' unb crivecfen ba^ 6x^0 be^5ireu5cjanc]lf burcf; Tiad)U bc^ ^-J^oll^ monbi?, Srgcnb cin ^^cr^ nad) ^tiik bccjicrig nnb fiigcr ^cfc^ranfung. •2lbcr c^ tafit ctjrc^ci^igcr ^ruft nnftate ^ccjicr mic^ ®icbcr lunlaffcn t)cn (Si^ iprci^unir bicker ($rbcbcuu^bncr, S?annt am ©nbe t^icllcic^t in bc^ 9iorb^ (ic^nccunifte jnriicf m\d\ 2S3o mein (autcnbe^ 2Bort gleic^(antcnbcm SBcrtc bci>\]nct. q^Uatcii (1827). OD 58 !i)a^ gifc^cvmabc^cn in ^urcino. 20. rias f iscbcrmabckn hi ¥lunin0. (Stncft mir flcipiij am 5uij;, i[}r ct5f)a(b ^viubcvt cr finite fo (ving? !ric ^ac^itnc iHTf(vacf;t fic^ Scl;on, iinb o^ Ic^jt fic^ bcr 2Binb; iim ba5 Icucl;tcnbe Ijobc 33cncbiy], 5 ^>ic e3 ^cn SSaffcm cntftcu3t, au^brcitct fid^ 5Ibcnb(}cii>o(f \^m\. Dftwaxi^ fu[)vcn fie ()ciit init bcm Safjqcug gcgcn ^Utino, ^'Go in ben €if)iitt ()infanf e()ma(5 bie bciH>(fertc £ecftabt. .^>uifii3 evbeuten fie text &oiM\m]cn unb prarf^ti^e (itcine, ^Benn fie bvio 5cc() cin^ief)n, bie bcta^tevcn gifcf)er cr^oMcn'i5 : 10 'DU>cl;teft hi and), ©eliebtev, unb xcd)t \va^ ^b\iih1)(^ finben ! Sf^on \vo{}i ift e^ 511 fifcf)cn am 5[bcnbe, \x\mn He Vagunc 53lit3t, unb ba$ fd)immernbe 9ui) vom l^angcnben 9)kfvgrai5 fiinfelt, Seglic^e 93^afc^e ivie @otb itnb bie ,vipVH'(nben gifc()e l^ergctbct ; 5lber ic^ liebe ^or alkm ben gcfttag, u\inn bu baficimblcibft. 5 5(uf bem l)cfucf)tevcn ^slalie bann UHinbelt \^ic frafticje Sn^enb 3ebcr im Staat, mcin gveunb ^ov i}m llebri^en fc(;on unb bc^ feteiben. C[tma(6 (aufc(;cn unr bann bem ^r3a()fer, unb )x>k cr lun-funbijjt 3iHH*te bcr «i^eilii]en un^?, unb bie ^()aten M frommen 5llbanu5, '2lHlci)er (]ema(t [}ier fte()t in bcr i^^irc^c, bc^ £)rt6 3Bo(}(tf)atcr. 20 Doc^ al^ feine ©ebcine I)ier()er cinft brvuttcn bie 8dnffer, iionntcn fie nicf;t an'i3 Ufcr ten (Sarcj jichn, ivcil cr fo fct^irer fcfncn ; Sange bcmu[}ten bie ftarfcn getvaUiv^cn ?}iauncr umfonft fief), 4 1 2)a^ gifc^ermabc^en in 33urvino. 59 ^^riefenb 'oon Sc^weip, nub ^iitc^t (icj^ jc(](id;cr ah \:on bcr 5(vbcit. Sic()e, ba fvimen ()cran uunuinbigclocfu^e i^iiibcr, Spanutcn, ai^ \v>ax^ 311111 €cl;er3, an ba^ 6cil [ic^, jOijcn ben !£avg bann 25 Seic^t an ben (gtranb, cjanj ot)ne 33cfc^yoerbe, mit frcunblic^em 2^icfc^ cv5af)(t bcr KniMubcvtc ©vci6 ; bann f)auft^] cqaf)(t cr 2Sc(t(icf;e ^Dini^c jumal, unb ben 9iaub bcr \?enctifc^cn 33rautc, 2){e nac^ Dlbolo ^icny^cn ,^uin fro[)(id;cn gcft bcr 33crmaMun(5: 3ebe bcr Suncjfrau'n txiu] in bcm ^icrlic^cn iiorbc^cn hn WUtjU- 3i3ie c^ bie 6ittc gcbot. 51^, aber im (Sc^iffe ^erbcrcjcn Sancrt cin Xxuy^p Sccraubcr ; lun-mct^cnc 2^()ater bcr llnt()at Stur^cn fie plbl}lict; i)cri^or nnb er^rcifen hk bcbcnbcn 'Diabc^cn, Scl;leppcn in'^ gabr^cug allc, mit i)urt{gcn ^lubern entuund^enb. 3)ocf) i^om ©cfc^vci unbcr[)a((t fd;on xinc\^ ba^ entfei^te Q^cnebi^: 35 ^d)cn ein bcuviffnetcr ^^aufe "oon Siingtin^en ftiirmt in bic ed;iite, ■■ 3^nen bcr 2)i\3e i^oran. 53a(b ^o(cn fie ein bie 33crruc^ten, 33a(b, nac^ mann(id;cm 5iam)>fe, juri'uf im t»crbicntcn ^riumpbjui^ gu()rcn fie I)eim in bie jnbclnbe 8tabt bie gcrettcten Snncjfrau'n. 5[lfo bcrid;tet bcr ef)rUc^e @rci^?, nnb c^ laufc^t ber ©elicbte, 40 Dliiftic] unb fd;(anf, woiji mxti), axhi) Zi)atcn ju tijun une bic ^oxmit Dft auc^ rubert t)inubcr in'^ nat)e ^^crceHo ber greunb mid). (5()mal^ vvar'^, fo erja()lt er, lunt unmmclnben ^3}tenfd)cn bc^olfert, So fid; in (Sinfamfeit jcl^t fat^i^^e 9Baffcrfana(e §insicf)n, alle »crfd;(ammt, burc^ gctbcr nnb lipvige 9?cben. 45 §(bcr er jeicjt mir ben 2)om nnb M Sittiia ftcincrncn ^cffcl 5lnf bcm lUTobctcn $(al3 mit bcm altcn^crtriimmcrtcn^^itbbau^, 2Bo bcr t3cf(iu]e(te Sotve t^on (Htein au^ fonfticjen Xa^cn 6o 3m 2;()cater 311 ^viormina. 'Ma^t, a\^ bicfc Sviquncu K^f}crrfcf)tc bcr l)cili(je !0iarfu6. 50 ?(U bic6 fac]t mil* bcv Svciinb, wk'^ if}m fcin ^Hitcr i]c[ai-^t Kit. ^Hubert cr bcimmavtvo micb, banii nn.^t cv ciu fKimifitc^ 5icC mir, ^3alb „()0lM'c(iy]Cv3 J)iooct)cn" ituD balD„iii tcv 0)onK4 bic 33lonCc." 5Ufo ^cr>^c(}t, 11116 alien ^uv gvcubc, bcr (}mlic^e Scfttag. (ctx'idt mir flcipig am ^iclji, il)v i3cl;iKftcru! 63 foiri5 bcr 0clic(>tc 55 §cut noc^ Ijabcit, fcbalb im bcfc^cltcii Tiadjm cr bcimfclut. ^Platen (1833). 21. Jnt S^bCittcr ju E'aormnut. 3artc tjcrgaiu3lic^c 2i?o(f(^\nx iimflicy^cn ben fc^iiccicjctt 5lctna, Sal)rcnb bed 93leer6 ?ll\]runb flar n)ie ein Spiecjcl evfcheint ; 3tcil auftl)iirmt fid; bie ^tc[\}t, Ijodj iibcr ben ®arten bcr 5llo[ter, Heber ben Mul)enben SBein, ra^^en C^^P^'^-IK^^ empor. 5 5cvn in bcr ^Sonnc iHTi](iil)n bic (^cfcv^neten itiiftcn Staliciu^ (Scl;oncr unb iippit^er nod} a(6 bic fifiilifcl}en 5hfn: 35cr mir fcl/ ic^ bic flcinc, bie fclfcnnm[c^attctc (ceebuc^t, Seiche ^nm 33ab i^ormald fcligcn 9ivmpl)cn c^cbient, Xie fic^ bcr etvi^cn 3nv3cnb crfrcnt in bcr tiefen iir^M'tallflutlv 10 Dbcr bcr 53ranbuny}cn anc^ vaufcbenbe ^BeUc bebontt. 5Scitl)er l)aft bu ben 5)icl;ter cjefiibrt, auf i^riednfitcm 33cbcn Sci'n bir, bcntfc^er ©efang, nnncl^crc ^ciiik iHTcjonnt! 3rf)on t?or fcd)d 3al)rl)unbcrtcn ciiift, in ben Xac\cn bcr 3>orjcit, ^aft bn bcr hnnfd;cn 5^unft unir^igc ^liitbc gc^^flc^t. 15 Salter unb 3BcIfram Icbten, unb ringd um bie Wkc\c bcr 5?ai[cr, ^k Ijicr berrfc^ten, cr[d;pll feuri^cr l^iiniu\]e[ani3. Vang ju^ar fd;nnei3ft bu l)icrauf, bod; lang and; fd;uncv3ft tn in ^cllad ; Dcnn 3al)rl}unbcrtc flobn m(b ten ©ebicbtcn .Jomcrd, Xic fc^5nc 53ud^e. 6i i8i6 bcr aoIif($en Mcx entftrumte Me (5ec(e tec 8vip|)t)o ; ©t)Ierc ^5(fcv umtrcfju Stiirme tor 2fiieberc]elnirt, ^o Dcmn fie Kinn ncufraftig cntu\ad;fen in toppeltcr Sc^on£)eit : ie gefc^aftu^e 3eit. 3a, e^ entfprang auf6 9^'U gcvnuanifcfjem 33ot)en Me rcic^e 25 ducUe bet h}vifcf)eu §txm\t, greilic^, c^ ijabcn fic^ n\(bt 5(((jueri3ieMv3er 5lber crfreut il(cift, 53iu\3er unb (Stolberg, 5lt)er e^ wax if)r !^icb eittcii (^cfu[)(en (^ctvcibt. ^ci;il{ei unb ^lopftocf faiujcu unb &ixti)c, tic ^lume bev Slnnuuh Oiucfert unb auc^ lU}(anb^ Mn\c, ^oc alien bedebt. 3° !Darf ic^ ber neuntc ^u fein mic^ vut)men ? 33ebarf)tic3e !)}cdnner Seugnen e$ ni^t, mir n>avb (ieblic^er 2(efte ©eunnb. §ier in bem cf)mal^ oft ^on ©efangen umf(ut[}eten Gilanb, 2)a^ (Spic^avmu6 bereitd fiiUte mit geftmelcbien, 2Co Stefic^oruO fang unb c(}ven bent {}imm(iuijen 33lau. '^Ithm ber biinflcrcn SiiKe be^ C^icf)baum^ mieget bie 33irfe 3f)r jungfvaulid^e^ S^aii)>t fc^iic(;tern im i^i<^ verier, T5 gu()rt dn frcunblirf)er dieift, bed ^ain^ aiifiaufit^cnbe &M)c\t, S^ia mid^ sium erftenmal ploijlirf), ben i^taiinenben, ein. 2Be(c^ Gnt^iicfen ! ©6 n>ar urn t}k f)o^e 8tunbe bed ^33iittav3d, !^aut(od atled, ed fcl^uneg felber ber 93ogel im Saub. Unb ic^ jauberte nod^ auf ben jierlicben ^^eppicb i^n treten, 2o geftlicf; empfienc^ er \}a\ guf?, leife befit)vitt er il}n nur. 3e6o (ielel)nt an t)m (Stamm (er tvavjt Kid breite ©eir^lbe 9Zic^t 3U l)oc(;), Uep id; runbum bie 51uv3en evgelin, 3Kd ben befc^atteten 5ireid bie feurig ftral)lenbe Sonne gaft glei^ meffenb iiml)er faumte mil blenbenbem dicing. ^5 51 ber ic^ ftanb unb rul)vte mic^ nid;t; bamonifc^er (Etille, Unerv-jriinblic^er 9iul)' laufcbte mein innerer Sinn. (5ingefd)loffen mit biv in biefem fonnii-;en B^i^bcr^ (yiirtel, o Ginfamfcit, fiiblt' ic^ unb bad;te nur biit. (St). WicxiU. 23. Cbclibono, 2Bo bie ^^latane fic^ riefig erljebt im (B^aikn ber 5i3albfcf)Iuc^t, dia^t, in ^riimmern bereitd fallenb, t}(i^ Si{o\kx empor. ©nomcn. 63 Saitvjft i\t bet* TOionc^e ©cfauc] in tcr i^irc^e ^crf)al(t, imb ccJ buftct SBei()tauc^ nimmer; bc^ C^()or^ cunc]e !^ampe t)cv(ofc[;: 2lber bee £liic((, bcr tni)[ am ^^Utar aiiffprubclt, crquicft nod) 5 .gaufii) bcu ^anbrer; ci* fpricf;t banfcnb cin fur^e^ ©ebet. ©eibcl (1839). 24- 6rulj bcs £;ijcmistoh(c5. 3Bo am jarfigcu ScI6 bai3 @cu>0(^ f^^; branbcnb cmpcrbaitmt, Senftcii bie gvcuubc bei 5?vict)t l)cim(irf; Xbcmiftoflc^ ^cib 3n ()cimatl)lid;cu (^himb. gcfti^abcn iinb ^obteiu3cfcf)cufc 53rac^teu fie bar, iinb c$ flop rcid)(ic^ bie Speube bc6 SSein^^. 2lber hn ^oxn bc^ i>cvb(enbctcn 5?olfc^^ f(c{nniiitf){y3 befurd)tenb 5 Sta(}{cn fie tcife fid; I)cim, ei)e bie 2:ammviiiu] erfc^ien. Denffteinlo^ nun fd){iimmevt ber ^^clb. 2)oc^ bviibcu im Bpau xoti) 9?a9t ii)m, ciit cUHije^^ Tlai, 8alami^ geifenc^cftab. &dbd (1839). 25. 6nomciT. I. 23irt bu ber (ielbftfuc^t (oo, fo i^cborc^c ber abneiibeu 3ee(e, Unb bai$ 33ejtveife(u ber 3Belt [tore bir nimmer ben 2Ih\3 ; goU^e getroft. 5(m fc^rcffeften S^anc\ wwilt \i(i)cx He llnutulb, !I)urc^ bie @riibe be^ Seu'n fid)rt fie befd;irmenb cin (3ott. 6e(ber ba^ Uiujliirf tranbelt fic^ i()r ^ur eri)ebenben (Staffel ; 5 ®ieng bcc^ au6 ftnfterer ^^aft 3ofepf) im ^siirpur I)er»or. 5Iber fiirtt)te tic 8d;uib, iiitb me(}r noc^ fiirc^te ten .r^oc^miitf), ^er line beraufc^enbcr Seiit rafcb bir tic ^iirne lun-unrrt. 5liid) 5({eraiiber erlac], ber geUMltiy^e Siebiiiu] bei3 ^c^idfaki, (51/ feiu 3icl er erreic^t, ii)eil er ber ©otter lUT^afj. 10 64 2)er ®(aubc. II. Stn^i ju tcincm 33erftaub fpric^t jccjlic^e Mju ; fie bicibt Mr (5tt)ig cin ^ottc^, fobatb ftcmb fie von aupen bir fommt. S[Ba$ bir ein 5(nbcrer gicbt, unb ivar' e^ bad ii'oftlic^ftc, fvommt md)t, 2Bcnn bu ben fc^(afcnbcn i^lancj tief in bcv 6ec(e nic^t trugft. 3[Bnnber bcgrcifen fic^ nic^t, hi nui^t fie im 3nnern cilcben, Seglic^er @(aub' ift cin 21>af}n, ben bu nicl;t fclber crfu^rft. 9?ur u>a5 felbft bn erfennft a(6 ein ®btiiid)c^, ^a^ bir ^erabfam, »§at, ein lebcnbiger ^anci), bic^ 3U »evu>anbe(n \>k 9J?a($t. ©cibct. 26. Sbalicspcuxc. 5?cincr erfannte ben 93^enfc^en \vk bu, glornnirbicicr 33ritte, 5lber ein ^o()ered noc^, ^33Unftcv, i^cret)r' ic^ an bir : !Dag bu in fterblic^er 33ruft ftctd f(ar bie (5e(}ei(i()te Sailing ^rugft, nac^ n^elc^cr ber S33e(t !^en!er bie 2)incje regiert. ©cibcl. 27. (§ott iintr IBi^nstlj. 5)ienfdf)en, n)i(lft bu fie Ueben, fo muft bu jui^or fie erfennen, (Bott erfenneft bu nur, 8uc^enber, mnn bn iijn licbft. ©cibel. 28. gitr 6hntbc. Un|l($tbar, n?ie bad 333affer ben ^aum t?on ber SSur^cI jum ©ipfel 3^ranft unb jeglic^em S^vciy] 53(atter unb 531utben eru>ecft, ^0 burc(;ftrome mit £raft bcin inncrfted Scbcn ber ©laube, 2)0^ man crfenn' ii)n nur an ber ijcjcitiijten gruc^t. @tM (1877). NOTES. I. In this poem Schlegel describes and illustrates by his own example the varied character and graphic power of the dactylic hexameter, as the peculiar measure of epic (v. 6, 15), didactic (v. 16), and idyllic (v. 17) poetry. 1. The first part of the sentence which contains the simile, embraces vv. I — 4; the apodosis (fo aud>) is contained in v. 5. — tem = fccmicntgcn; it is the demonstrative pronoun, and therefore long. — turc^fd^iffcn is transitive, but the simple verb fc^iffcn is intransitive. In this manner many intransitive verbs may become transitive when compounded with prepositions. Comp. the constructions of navigare and circumnavigare in Latin, and of TrXetv and irepiirXeiv in Greek. — The common form is fcte 9JieereS^5^e. 2. "We say both nirgcnb and mrgcntS, but the latter is, perhaps, more common in ordinary German. — umfcljranft = rin9«um eingefd^rantt. 3. JDa^ = fokag. 4. ©ie Suft at^mct ^eU is a highly poetical expression. The verb atfimcn (*to breathe') is properly employed of a living being; but, as J. Grimm says {Wort. I. 593) nid^t blo^ SKcnfc^cn ober il^iere at^men, au6) ter ubrivjen Slatut ttirb ctn 9Iti^men, glcidjfam ^Duftcn, SGBefien, Seud^ten Bcigclcgt, and he quotes from Goethe fuf xoxt bie at^mcntc Suft (2Cert]^cr3 $etten, p. 116 Hempel) where Goethe translates from Macpherson's Ossianic poem 'The Songs of Selma.' The corresponding English words are 'sweet as the breathing gale' {Ossian, Lond. 1796, vol. I. p. 192). Grimm himself compares the Latin spirans aer, 5. trfigt, 'carries along.' 6. Dt^itHj (originally the range of mountains separating Macedonia and Thessaly, and conceived in Greek mythology to be the residence of the gods) is employed in a wider sense to denote something high and majestic. D. 5 66 DACTYLIC POETRY. The hexameter receives the high majesty of epic poetry into the bosom of its ever-fniitful waters. 7. fo = cbcnfo (comp. tt»ic, 1. 8). * In the same manner hexametric verse becomes, so to say, a primeval parent of all the varied race of rhythm.' The hexameter was the earhest measure employed by the Greeks, and from this fountain-head all other metres may be said to have taken their rise. 8. Otcanoa was conceived by the ancient Greeks as a river flowing round the whole earth, which they believed to be a flat circle. Out of this river, all other water on the earth was supposed to be supplied as well as again discharged into it. — <&crrfdjcr is said in reference to the conception of Oceanus as a god. 9. cntcicfclii of the smaller, cntbraufcn of the larger rivers. 10. iDDrrucfcn = Ian9fam »cnuavt3 fommcn, sen bcr ©tctte tcmmcn. — Rowing is said to be mur^voUcr ("more toilsome, laborious') than sailing, the notion implied in (£ccfal;vt. 11. In prose we should have to say ktc Slbgruntc tcr SBcgcn. 12. iviel instead of ©ci^iff is poetical, just as kcd may be used in English ; comp. Latin carina. — QBaHung is used of the agitation of the waves. Thus we say bag SGBaffcr loaKt auf. 13. Observe the slow and steady spondees in the first part of the line, descriptive of slow motion and calmness ; and again, the dactyls of the second part expressive of agility and swiftness. 14. tmmcr fid) fcttfl gtcidf), ' always one and the same,' though various in its employment, yet never differing as to its actual and primitive character. 15. jrampf=2Bcttfam)3f, certajnen. Or we might say that battles and fights (ilampfc) are one of the principal themes of epic ( = heroic) poetry. — \\6) gurtcn = Lat. accingi, gird oneself (for a contest). 16. :2c^rfprud^ = tcf;vr;aftcr ®pru^. — ten ^orcutcn (aiidieuiibus) is more poetical than ben -§orcrn. 17. There is in the movement of this line something of the 'whisper- ing' mentioned in it. The allusion is to the idyllic poetry of Theocritus ; comp. the opening line of his first Idyl: d5v ri t6 ^idvpiafia Kal a irirvs, alirdXe, T-qvay *A ttotI rah irayaiar. 17. £)a3 crlctj(c)te S^ixi is the long life graciously granted him by God's mercy. 18. In childish imitation of a clergyman, the boy had stood and held forth on a footstool. 19. Observe, here and in the preceding line, the omission of the plupf. of the auxiliary: !^attc. This is not common in prose. — Both init 91ct^ and the adj. t^cucr in the next line express the great effort which the poor schoolmaster had to make in order to maintain his boy at the grammar school ((atctnifcf)e (Sdjute, now commonly called ©^mnafium or ®c(c^vtenfc^u(c) and university (?lfatcmic). 21. ctn^eUig is a more select expression than its synonym cinflimmig. 22. iBirt^lidj, 'economical'; his wife was a good housewife, one of the principal virtues of German ladies. — i^crfa^r is in common use, but 9^ac^fat)r, though used even by Goethe and Immermann, is antiquated now and generally superseded by Shic^fotgcr. It should, moreover, be observed that '-Borfal^r commonly forms the genitive tc3 JBorfal^ren, but even Goethe has once bie Qlrbcttcn cincS ^ocJ^fl finniijcn il?orfa^r3 (Sanders, i. 388, ill.). 23. «5cru^cr = auS tcr gcrnc l^cr, irbppwQdv. — fcinc^, i.e. tc3 ivatcrS. 24. The ordinary form is ler !Icilnicf, but JoKicf occurs also in Goethe, NOTES. 69 and is still employed in the phrase fca8 ifi ftarfer Jlobacf , by which we denote something strange and hard to believe. — (5rad}t = 3rac^tnjagcn, 'carrier.* 25. gclobcn is often used in the sense of promising in solemn terms. — Observe the omission of tap after a verb of promising and declaring. 26. This is a shortened conditional clause, = ttjcnn nidjt (or fatlS nic^t) .1?ol^(iBegc...!^cmmtcn. — loerfc^neien, 'to snow up'; in this and similar instances the prefix »er expresses corrupting and spoiling. — For ©runte see note on V. 78 below. 28. em^jfal^n is archaic and poetical instead of enn?fangcn. 30. fic^ ctreaS fpcnten (or [pcntircn) is commonly used in the sense of indulging in a luxury. 31. ®ic l^attcn geftingt is unusual instead of fic l^attcn t^rc ®l5fct erflingcn laffcrt or angcjlopcn. According to Grimm's Dictionary, v. 1183, the weak verb f tingen would appear to be peculiar to Voss. For the custom of gently striking the glasses together when drinking a health, we may refer to Goethe's Herviann and Dor. I. 171, Jpcitcr !rangen fcgtticfj tie ®tafcr tcei 2Btrtr;c3 unb ^PfarrcrS; see our note in the edition in the Pitt Press Series. See also our Book oi Ballads on German History, xxil. 53. — Observe tlie peculiarly disjointed position of the two genitives dependent on ©cfunt^eit. 32. fallen = fc:^en modjten. 34. fDrt = tmmcr hjcitec. 36. In prose : iBCiin man nur immcr mit ©ottocrtraun unb S3e^arrlic^fcit ®utc8 tr»i(r, brt8 fu^vet.... 37. traut is an adj. expressing unlimited trustworthiness (comp. traucn and trcu) ; hence it is often used as a term of endearment. 38. Imperative expressions like this, in which the verb * to be ' (fci) is omitted, are not at all uncommon in colloquial German. 39. The common form is ie...bcflo. But in phrases of a proverbial character we often find '\t..\t. Observe also the omission of the verb substantive. 40. Voss has varied the common proverb affcr 5lnfang tjl fc^wer. — Ob- serve the difference between fccr 33cgtnn, 'the beginning, commencement,' and tag iBcijinncn, 'the undertaking, enterprise.' 42. Comp. St Matt. vi. 26, @cfiet tic 23ogeI untcr tcm -s^immcl on: fie filen ntd()t, fie ernten nidjt, fie fammcin ntd^t in tie ©djcuncn, unb euer ^immltfdper SSatcr nA^rct fic tod(). 28. Unb h.'^arum forget tfic fur tic Jtfcttung? ©cftauct tie Siticn auf tcm Sctte, n^ie fte >rad)fcn : fic arbcitcn nicftt, aud) fpinnen fie nicftt. 29. 3d(> fvigc cud), tap au4> @aIomo in alter feincr -^errlic^teit nici^t bctkitct genjefen ifl al3 tcrfclkn cine. 43. attcn is less common than altccn = att njcrten. 70 DACTYLIC POETRY. 44. ©anft = fac^te, kife, atlma^fic^. — Siiiix is used in the sense of the derivative 2?cfinnun3. 45. (gorge = £ori5fatt, — The dim. 2Jiiittcr^cn is used in an endearing sense. 46. ftc, the two married people. 47. JKed^tltdj is here used as a synonym of ac^ttnir ('respectable'), a use of the word peculiar to Low German dialects : in High German we might say recite ®a|te, though even this would be merely colloquial. 48. listen means * to sweep clean.' The poet has employed the Low German form of the word; tie lll^fe ( = tic (5u(c) denotes a besom somewhat resembling an owl, a kind of mop. In the country it is the custom to strew the floor with sand, and to sprinkle it with water. Comp. below, V. 70. 49. ®attincn ('curtains') is the expression used in the North, while in the South S^ovi^angc is preferred. — "Dec 2llfo» is less usual than tcr 2t(fox»cn, hwt comp. the Eng. alcove (Span, alcoba^ from Arabic al-kubbatu, 'the vaulted room,' whence also Fr. auaibe). The 'Alkoven' in a German house is a curtained recess frequently used as a bedchamber, 50. Jlcpptdj is here used in the sense of Ilifditcrf c. 52. 2)ic Se»fcie, from the Greek \euKbv lov, 'white violet' (Engl, stock). — Spantfc^cr 5pfcffcr, a variety of the plant denominated /?^4r. — ®clc« lacf, Engl, wall-flower. 53. 3)iaiUUc, Convallaria viajalis, called also SOiaifctumen, QKairifctt, or 3aufcn in some places. This plant is frequently grown indoors. 54. The omission of the e in gcfrf)cu(c)rt is harsh, and would not occur in prose. — In the country we may still occasionally see rooms set out and decorated with plates and other crockeiy. 55. ficttiuifd^, manufactured at Stettin, the capital of the province of Pomerania. 56. S3(augcMumt = mit ttaucn SStumcn gcjtcrt. — ^cucrficfc is likewise a Low German word, unknown in the South; Grimm, v. 673, explains ein tragbarcr £)fen in »oH3ma^tgem ©cbraud^, and quotes from the Holstein dialect JJicfe, rturticfc, the very word used by Voss. In Switzerland small stoves of this kind are called ©(utf^^unb, on account of the live coals with which they are tilled. 57. JTcfcm, a Low German word : etne !Ictnc (grfjnctfmagc, tic turd^ cine mit 23(ci auSgegcffcnc Jlolbc, auf cincm Scite fdjiucbcnb, tie Safl gegcnubcr bcftimmt, \'oss. Grimm, 11. 1028, quotes only the present line in illustration of the word. 58. t)cfaitct = mtt €;aiten Bejogen. NOTES. 7 1 59. fcfbiltcrt is a formation foreign to ordinary prose; Grimm, i, 1211 gives *be6i(tcrn, imaginibus ornare' without any special reference. We sliould commonly say mit 33i(tiern or ^Ibbiltun^cn (billUc^cn ^^arlle'Uungen) vcrjicrt. 61 sq. This and the following lines are capital instances of the minute description of details, in which Voss excels. ()l. We learn from this line, that just as ' Zacharias' had married his predecessor's daughter, his father himself, the Jtiifter, had for his wife the daughter of his own predecessor. 3)ie fettle Jluftciin, 'the late wife of the (last) parish clerk' had bought this remarkable ©djranf as a wedding-gift for her daughter, to keep in it her linen, which always forms the special pride of a Gennau housewife, whose thriftiness is almost measured by the size of her Sciucnfdjranf — In all this description, Voss may have depicted the house of his own parents. Voss's father was a schoolmaster, his maternal grand- father a J^iiftcr. 65. jiiiii)e(n = tic 3ungc vcv^rerfcn. 67. giuccii is archaic and biblical, instead of jtrct. ()^. This is an instance of \}^q p-olcpsis or aitticipation of the subject of a dependent clause, which is thereby made the object of the main sentence — a construction so well known to the student of the Greek and Latin languages. (Here, e.g. we might say, t] yvvr] vorjffaaa rbv y^povra uis ^K€iTo Kadevduv). — Observe the fine expression, in at^mcntem ©c^tummcr, *in breathing sleep,' instead of the prosaic in fcincm Sd^himmcr atfimenb. 69. It was * a rush-bottomed chair.' The prefix be in biufcnbcjToc^tcn expresses that a part only was made of rushes twisted together. 71. By so doing the good old woman prevented the clock from striking, and the cuckoo from calling out the hour. We must imagine an old-fashioned clock somewhat like the well-known Black Forest clocks. 73. Comp. the noun iai ©d^jnecgcftcbcr, ' the snowstorm. ' See below, V. 163. 74. IDfl = £)flttiinb, one of the roughest and most trying winds in the north of Germany. Comp. below, vv. 119, 182. — n.nrbc(te = aufnjirbc(te with an object easily to be supplied by the reader's imagination. 75. More commonly ker J?ral;cn. The omission of the e is unusual. 77. She was not aware of speaking or rather whispering what was uppermost in her tlioughts. 78. We had the expression ©runbe once before, v. 26. In Northern and Central Germany this is the term used of narrow, shallow dells and glens, while Zi)cil denotes a valley surrounded by higher hills or mountains. 79. There is a stress on mup : 'to be pitied is he who must needs 72 DACTYLIC POETRY. travel on through all this storm.' — In prose we should prefer fern »ok bet ©infc^r. 80. Poor people go out to gather sticks in the forests, often with ]5inched stomachs and shivering with cold on account of their insufficient clothing. 8r, irc^t, *I daresay.' 82. The expression is proverbial : e8 ifl ctn SCBetter, ba^ man fetncn «§unb jur %^Vit l^tnauS jagen mod^tc. — ftc^ erSarmen is here used in the general sense of JBarm^erjiiilctt 'ij'x^vx (fu^tcn) fur (gcgen) etncn, 83. ®o^ud)en is said in an endearing sense. 84. We also say »on JlinbcSbeincn auf. Comp. the Latin a pueris, the Greek ^k iraiSds. 85. aJJcin -^crj h)u^tt mtr is not a common expression. We generally say mein J&crj flo^jft mir or arfieitet mtr in bet iBrujl lucrum. — Country-people, and especially old people, have always a certain attachment to this or that innocent superstitious belief, should they be ever so well taught and educated in other respects. (The present passage is quoted in Grimm, 5, 282.) In one of Voss's Low German Idyls ' !De SBtnteranjcnb ' we read: ®traft ftf be Jtatcr ben 23arb, fo betiitiet et 5romb' ii en , cin barfdjcr !Ion, etn barfd^eS 2Bcfen ; and in the adv. barfc^ rctcn, eincn barfc^ anfa^rcn. It is not usual to say cin barf^cr SGBtnb, or, according to the constniction in this passage, bcr 2Btnb n?cl;t barfcfj, though this agrees with the original meaning of the word, which is 'rough.' See vSanders i, 87, II., whose article is far more complete than Grimm's. — luftrcifcn is an unusual verb, but the noun cine Sufircifc is quite common. 120. tud^lig is another importation from Low German, in which njclig has the sense of 'wanton, sportive, frolicsome,' from 2Bct or Jffial^t, 'wanton- ness.' Since Voss, the word has been frequently employed in High German; comp. Sanders 3, 1457, 11. It is evident that Voss uses it here in the sense of strong and healthy; comp. 2 19, where the young wife describes her superabundance of health. — taimnctn means 'to work one's way slowly' through something; Grimm 2, 703 quotes the present passage as an illustration of this rare word, which is likewise foreign to High German. In Low German the usual form is tomcln. 121. JJaltcrdjcn is a plural (Ji Alter) with the addition of a diminutival suffix, just like J?intetd^cn above, v. 1 1 7. This is again a dialectic peculiarity, the correct forms being tag J?al6cf)cn, pi. tic Jvaltdjcn. 122. Wacij is the partition of the stables in which the cows stand. — @ci)onmatdjcn and 93liiming are the names of the calves. It should be observed that endearing names are in Low German often terminated in ing. 123. fraitcfn (or frSuctn) is a diminutival derivative of fraucn, *to scratch.' It docs not appear to be a very common word. We should observe that Voss makes the servant talk in a very idiomatic and natural dialect. 126. The more usual construction is fte fcfcimvftc auf ten 9Jaucl^. 127. The genuine spelling is cmfig (with an e) and not flmfig, as is found in some editions. In Middle High German it is emezic. The adj. is related to the name of that industrious little insect, the (English) enimct^ ©mfe, 5Imeifc. See Grimm 3, 443. 129. ttjurjtg is the adverb qualifying tuftcntcr in the next line. 130. JTicIe = -§au? ffur (entrance hall). 131. 9)Ju^Ic = J?atfcemitMc. 132. gttjSngenb is used in the sense of the compound ctnjnjSngcnb, which is often employed to denote 'holding fast' between two things. I33« muntcr is not merely 'cheerfully,' but also 'busily, actively.* NOTES. 75 137. »crfpfmkcn is here merely a synonym of t»erfcf>(ieficit or fefl jumad^cn. The verb itself occurs as early as the 13th century, but is used in the special sense of 'bunging' a cask or barrel. 140. 2^^01113 is a shortened form of !Ificma3. 14 1. ©inen bcc^vcn or ©incnt tie (^^rc gcben is a somewhat old-fashioned phrase for visiting some one. It is still generally used in written or printed forms of invitation, thus: -^crr 91. S'l. ivirb gebeten, tcm llntcr5cicf)nctcn...tie f&{)xt fcincg a3cfu^c« ju fdjcnfcn. — »on 3lUcr^ (^er), from long ago. Carp had always been the favourite di.sh of both. 142. ^ol' cr (subj.), 'let him fetch;' the object is omitted, but may be easily supplied from the preceding line. — fi^lidj (Eng. 'ticklish') means here 'easily irritated, irritable;' see Grimm 5, 885, where this passage is quoted. Comp. also below, v. 157, i6r, and 16-2, where we have the noun Jti^cf. Ilildebrand (in Grimm) observes 'tag fdjcint jugtcic^ eigcnfmnig, grillig JU fcin.' 143. «§Attcr is unusual instead of the compound SBc^altcr ; here the chests are meant in which fish are kept until wanted. 144. tvcnn cr auc(>... fplittcvte expresses a wish, just as in English we may employ 'if at the same time he would'.... (Comp. the Greek ai 7dp in Homer). 145. Bcfccutcn, here 'to explain it to him,' certioretn facere. 146. In some editions we read anfommt. The modification of the vowel in the second and third persons sing. pres. of fcmmen is somewhat quaint, and now almost out of use. 147. !aiim gcfacjt is an absolute participial phrase, instead of faum n.Mr lui gefagt. We may compare the analogous Latin idiom dictum factum hue abiit ClitipJio, Ter. Ilatitontim. 904 ; and dictum factum invenerit aliquam causa?n, id. Andr. 381 (see also our notes on these passages). 148. rupid(>t is a secondary formation instead of ruftg. A great many adjectives are in this manner formed both in tg and tdjt. 149. SJionard^ is the name of the dog. — ®cburtgtag§6rc(fcn are the leavings of the birthday table. 150. J?ram^?e is a wooden peg M'ith which a door is fastened. Accord- ing to Ilildebrand (in Grimm 5, 2005) this is the name used in Westphalia of a Jl^urricgct »on J^o(j, mit jtt>ci 2irmen, urn fine 2Id?fe [id(> trct;cnb. Comp. Fr. crampon. 151. £cr (and fcic) 2)oggc is used of a large dog, a bull-dog. 152. ta3 fcllU^e 33rob means the bread baked for the feast, i.e. the birthday. Comp. ter fcfilicfje Jtaffee below, v. 170. 153. ©c fivccfte au3rui;cnte ©Ucber is not exactly common German, 76 DACTYLIC POETRY. though readily understood. We should, perhaps, say cr fircrfte I'tine ©lictet auS, um fid; au§}ucu^n. 155. The parenthetic sentence tcnn i^n fror is added in explanation of the words in gcnjalttgcc 2kbeit : Thorns was working with all his might in order to drive away the cold. 156 sqq. It may be observed that it is a peculiarity of epic poetry that messages are generally delivered in pretty much the same words in which, they were originally given. There are many instances of this in Homer. 158. trc(j (lit. *in defiance'), in spite of the presence of Master's son and the Pastor. — We should notice the familiarity with which Marie employs the pronoun unfct. She is evidently a favourite servant, as may also be seen from the word DJluttcr with which she addresses her mistress, below, v. 171. 159. ^Acferltngtate, a chest in which the chopped straw (•^arfcrttng) iskept. 160. iDcrfc^aff' ic^, the present instead of the future, denoting a certain and sure promise. So again v. 162. — tcnn after a comparative is archaic and poetical, instead of cii anncfimcn, to accept someone on faith, or on credit, without further proofs and justi- fications. — gcfdjtan! is less common than fd^tanf, which is read in some editions. 222. Compare the expression cin fcrnliaftcr CDIann, 'a very manly character.' 223. In dactylic poetry it is very common to separate a genitive from the noun on which it depends. There are numerous instances of this peculiarity in Goethe's Hermann and Dorothea; see our obsen'ations in the edition of that poem in the Pitt Press Series, p. xvi. sq. 224. We should join ®a{>c 5um ©cburt^ta^. There is also the compound bic ©cburtetag^gaf'e (v. 226) or ba^ ©cturt'^ta^jvjcfdjcnf. 225. brctt ( = barob) is somewhat antiquated instead of bvirukr. 1^(i. hja§ 2?cffcrc3 is colloquial instead of cttuaei 3?. ■228. bcm CDianne is dat.cthicus, so common in German. It would, how- ever, be more usual in a phrase like this to say tic Ji'aub ibrc^ 5l)iannc3 or i^rcn 9)iann tct tcr «C">cirtb. 231. »crtt)uubcrtc *.^tuvjcn, 'wondering eyes.' "We subjoin Gotzinger's criticism on this poem which is justly con- sidered one of the gems of Gennan literature : 2)er ficbji^ftc ©cburt^taij ifi bic tcflc alter in^ffifdjcn 3b\?Uctt unb ubcrBau^jt fctn beflcS ®ebi^t; cr ij^ baS iliuf^cr ciuer Strllc : cin flcine*, vMUcj in fidj gcfdiloiTencS 5Bitb »olI I'iebUd^tcit unb «!i?ctmUd;fctt. Ginc -^anbtnng, cine 5?ccict>cnf;eit tnt Sinnc bc3 ©pc3 tfl nidjt barin, aber tauter tctHMitigc Okuvpcn, bic in tmmern.n'i&rcnbcr JScrocgUcf^tcit finb, jetodj tmmct nur atiJ cin O'anjc^, fo bap njtr nt^t bcm ©tretcn unb bcm (Sdjicffalc cinc3 cin^ctnen -^^cfbcn folgcn, obcr ben Jlut^cjang cincr grcpcn Jjanbtung ermartcn.... G'3 trcten (Ijicr) in cigcntfiunilicf^er JSctfc cine Otci^c bidjtcrifcfjcr a?cftrebungcn \\\x ©efjopfung cincr Crigtnalbid)tung jufammcn, bic fonjl Juenig niit cinanter gcnieinfam l;aben. 9lortbeut[c^e^ 3tiUlet'cn vcn bcr au?ge» NOTES. 79 ^rdgteflcn 9latur unb ^cmcr ; cine \\xx ten Staiib tcr tarcjeflctttcn ipcrfoncn, fur cincn (£c^u(mci|'tcr unb fcin 2Bcibd>cn, faft f^ctfe ^altung (it appears here, that the author of this criticism is not very familiar with the hfe of the North of Germany, else he would have recognized the almost photographic truth of these characters) f^rcng in ncu(;od)tcutfrf)cr Stctton (but it will be seen from our notes that even in this particular the poet has succeeded in maintaining the northern character of his poem) unb tancbcn cine ganje Sicifie ncrttcutfdjct i.'ofa(namcn. 5Rur bag (icl^cvoKc ©inlcbcn beg 2;icJ)tcr3 in fcincu Je"*cmcr, bcr in SScp cine %xi 5lufcrfic(;uni5 cr(c(itc, unb bic burcf;au3 rciirbigc unb eblc ©cfinnung mad^ten eg moglicfj, bic tviberfprcdjcubcn ©Icmcntc ju ncuem, njirfungguoltcm icbcn ju vevbiinbcn. We may also add the epigram dedicated to Voss by Schiller and Goethe in their Xenien : a0al^rlid(>, c3 fiiUt mit SBonne bag -^erj, bem ©cfangc ju :^crcf)en, ?l{;mt cin Sanger, \uic bcr, Jime beg 2Utcvt^umg nacJj. V. Schiller's poem !E)cr ©pajicrgang is the most prominent of those elaborate compositions in which he developed, in a poetical form, his philosophical ideas on the relation between Nature and Man. On the one hand we have here a splendid description of the everchanging harmony of nature paralleled with the fresh and vigorous culture of the Greeks, conformable to nature in all its principal phases; on the other hand we see the unnatural and artificial civilisation of the age preceding the French revolution, and those struggles themselves with all their caricatures of social life. But throughout this poem we perceive the longing for a life, in which nature and civilisa- tion shall be in harmonious agreement, and all dissonance shall cease. I — lo. Address to Nature^ into whose lofty and spacious sanctuary the poet enters with feelings of exiibo-ant joy. I. The appellation mciu S3erg marks at the very outset the poet's deep sympathy with nature. It is 'his own hill ' he salutes. — There seems, how- ever, to be a slight inaccuracy in the epithet rcti^lid; ftrafilenb, which cannot properly be applied to a hill except at sunrise or sunset ; while the scene is apparently laid at midday, compare v. 17. 4. 6f;i.ir suggests the idea both of multitude and of song ; the birds are the ' choristers ' of the boughs, and they are ever in motion (fi^ njtcgt). 5. 9iuf;iijc SSIfiuc, the calm blue sky. 7. cntfIo(;n is the participle representing a complete sentence = nad;t cm er cnblic^ cntjlo^n ifl. So DACTYLIC POETRY. 8. enge3 (Scfprfidj, 'narrow talk,' i.e. conversation restricted to but few subjects and carried on without a wide sweep of thought. 9. erquicfcnb may be translated by 'reviving,' which is the original sense of the word {quick, ' living '). 10. The eye drinks in the light greedily, as it has long been confined within the narrow limits of a room ; the light itself is called cnergifc^, be- cause it has an invigorating effect upon a person long kept within doors. 1 1 — 20. Description of the varied life upon a sitnny meadotu. ir. Slue originally means land surrounded by water (M. H. G. curve, * water ' = 0. H. G. aha = 'Lz.t. aqua), hence in modem German *a well- watered district.' (See also our notes on Ballads on Germ. Hist. VII. 10.) 12. The strife of the ever-changing hues displayed on the meadow is said to be * charming ' or * delightful, ' as it gratifies, and does not jar upon the senses. 'Their sweet strife melts into one harmonious concord ' (Lytton). 13. »er6rettct = au^cjcbrcitct. The carpet of the meadow (see e.g. John- son's Diet. s. v. carpet) is spread out far and wide. 14. fcf)(tngt = fdjlanc5clt (cf. v. 24); the path is said to wind through the green field in an artless and natural manner. 15. gnjcifctnb, doubtful whether to settle or fly onward. 16. In some editions we find the formrctfjUdjten, which is not so correct as rot^ticf)en ; so also grunlidjtcn for grunlicljcn, v. 32. 1 7. We generally use the plural in this phrase : tic 5PfciIe ber ©onnc — aBeflc = SI>ciltvinbc. Comp. Dfl in fccr ftcbjigfle ©eburt^tag, v. 74. 20. We should observe the beautiful alliteration in SBinb tccgt. — ccr filbert, * silvered over ' : the grass receives a silvery tinge from the wind that sweeps over it and makes it bend down. a I — 26. The wood. 21. amtrofifrfj, from the Greek ajx^pixrio^, 'immortal, divine,' denotes something awful and inspiring us with reverential feelings. The expression dix^poairj vv^ occurs in more than one passage in Homer. 22. The simple verb fdjattcn is less common in prose than the com- pounds bcfcf)attcn and iiticrfdjattcn. 23. ©cl^cimnip means here the mysterious twilight of the wood. — cnt« fiic^t mtr, is lost to my eyes. 25. The adj. laubig is not very common ; we should generally say ciu Sauljgitter. In English we may also speak of a leafy screen. 26. taS IBIauc is exactly the same as tic i8lauc above, v. 5. 27 — 36. On th£ height now reached (the path was called rising, v. 24) the poet obtains a distant vie7v of mountain scenery. 27. jerrcipcn is used both transitively (cine 8ac^e jcrrcipcn) and intransi- NOTES. 8r lively (cine "Sac^e jerreijit, ' tears, is torn'), — We may say tcr SBatb cffnet f'*, 'the wood opens.' Hence Schiller says ter gciiffiictc SSalt, which is unusual instead of tcr fidj offncnkc SGBalt. 28. 2'ag = !Iai3c?lid;t ; when the poet entered the wood, he described the twilight in it as S'^adjt, v. ^i. 29. Unabfe^bar, so far and distant that the eye cannot reach the end of it. The word is repeatedly used by Goethe in Hermann and Dorothea. 30. enttcjt, 'terminates.' The poet speaks of the horizon which j^^wj to terminate the world, as far as he can look. The poetic mind takes the suggestions of fancy as actual reality. 31. ga^Itnga is the adverb of the adj. gal^ (instead of which we also have jaf)) ; comp. the following formations : blintling?, mcudjlingl, rudling?, rittlingi?, fdjrittUng3 ; and the English darkling (which should not be explained as a participle, see Morris' Outlines, § 311, p. 194) may be paralleled with the adv. fcunfeltng^ still used in some German dialects (see Grimm, D. Gr. 2, 357)- 32. SBatten means to go by slowly and majestically, hence ein SBatlcr is an appellation sometimes applied to a pilgrim. 33. Schiller himself, in a letter to W. von Humboldt, makes the following observation with regard to the repetition of the word ciit(o3 : ' Xap tcr ganje J^cramctcr giuifc^cn ten bcitcn cnttc^ eingcrdjloffcn tvirt, madit bier, a^o ta3 Uncntti^c sorgcflcUt hjirt, feinc ub(e SBirfung. ©g ift [elbfi ctiua^ en.ngc§, ta c5 in fcincn Slnfang juriicKauft.' 36. gcldntcrt = mit cinem ©eldntcr (banister, railing) tcrfcbcn. — The existence of this pathway is the first trace of the hand of man, modifying and correcting the free agency of nature. 37 — 58. Rural Nature : the Innocence^ Mirth and Tranquillity of a ntstic population. 37. By the words * the rich shores glide along by me,' the poet means that he traverses them with a rapid step. 38. Observe the beautiful alliteration in fro^Udjen Stcip. The epithet is most appropriate, inasmuch as the poet insinuates that industry and diligence spring from inward motives and are delightful to the worker who docs his labour with a cheerful heart. — The prosperous valley bears joyful testimony (ru^mct) to the industry of the labourers. 39. The poet means the boundary lines between the single fields, ©renjratnc. — f^jeibcn = trcnncn, abfontern. 40. ZtX>\!iimmcrnb, far-shining — the white road between the green fields that border it on both sides. 47. In Germany and Switzerland cows often have bells suspended round their necks. Comp. Schiller, Willi. Tell: 3)te braunc Jtfel (a cow) fcnn' idj am ®c(aiit (p. 18 ed. Ilempel).— t'clc6t, full of life, lively. 48. 2Bictcrf)a(( is used as a dactyl— agamst the modern rule (see p. 5), according to which it ought to be an amphimacer (---). — In prose we should say fcc3 cinfamen Jjivtcn ®cfamj, or tc^ -♦^'irtcn ctnfamcr ®cfang. — The shepherd turns aside from the haunts of men and tunes his song in solitude. 49. The smiling villages form, as it were, a garland along the banks of the river. — Some lie close to the river, others seem to hide themselves among trees, and others are built on the steep sides of the hills. 51. Sf^ad) iHirlicf) no* denotes a primitive stage of existence when com- pared with the narrow life of towns, as described below, v. 7 r sqq. 52. umnt^cn is transitive, according to the rule explained on I. i. — We might also say rubcn um or licijcn ruOig um. — ^Tac^ like the Lat. tectum = ^:ii\i ('pars pro toto'). The house is 'lowly,' as we see from the next line. 54. The tree is here endowed, as it were, with human affection ; it embraces, and thus shelters the lowly cot with its branches. 55. The inhabitants of the country are not yet ' wakened to freedom,' inasmuch as they are still content to abide by the laws of nature like other creatures of nature, — they act according to the laws made by nature, and willingly submit to the compulsion and coercion exercised by nature ; hence they are noifrce agents, as they do not create for themselves the con- ditions regulating their life. NOTES. 83 56. cn3e = cincnL3enb, limiting their sphere of action. 57. The plural tec (yiiiten denotes the various 'harvests' gathered within the course of a year, such as J^^cuerutc, COftcriite, Jvorucintc, etc. 58. iXagenjcrf is used as a dactyl, cunip. v. 48. — fllcic^, 'even,' always alike, without any great changes. 59 — 139. l^he busy life of tcnuns and tlie higher aims of society as de- veloped wiihin the walls of a town. 59—66. A stately and stiff avenue of poplar-trees announces the approcuh of a town. The rural character of the landscape disappears. 59. eiii fvcmtcr ®ciit, not the spirit with which he has hitherto solilo- quized, one foreign to nature. Similarly cine fremfcc Slut is employed to express a country that has lost its original character, and has, so to speak, become estranged from itself. 62. In a state of nature all elements are still mixed and exist side by side with one another ; man, animal, plant, and field, all dwell in close proximity and union ; even the most dissimilar things are harmoniously united. Cut in a state of culture, such as arises in consequence of town life, all things of different species separate ; the houses stand by themselves and form streets, being no longer intermixed with fields and trees ; the trees are joined in avenues, gardens again are laid out in separate places, etc. (Gotzinger). (>},. Poplar avenues are exceedingly frequent in the south of Germany. — ©tantc, * ranks ' (both of trees and of men). — The poplar-tree is styled 'proud,' because it is stiff and lofty, cultivated merely as an ornamental tree, and completely barren of fruit. Comp. »oriuf;m in the next line. 64. gccrfcnctcr *lJomp = )?ottHjf;afte Orbnung ('array'). 65. njirb is twice treated as a short syllable, while in reality it ought to be long. So again v. 71. 65. In the arrangement made everything appears to take a significant place ; there is always a certain purpose and intention in the position assigned to each thing. 66. The poplar avenues which lead to the city are compared to a train of proud menials attending on their sovereign. 67 — 72. The town. 68. Here again many editions read fclfigtcn ; comp. our note on v. 16. — 2^^urmcnt> = gctl^urmt. In English we may also say * the towering city.' In the same manner Schiller says in another poem [Melancholie an Laura, St. 3) : Unfrc fiolj auft^urmentcn $!aldilc. Comp. also Klopstock, Messiah, VII. e.,626: rings crtontc tic t^urmcntc Jn5cr tcr ^lUcnfrtibcit of the early colonists who carried the seeds of humanity from the original cities into the towns founded by them. It is, therefore, evident that illieni\1?()cit is here used in the sense commonly attributed to 2)Jcnfd?(id'. teit. Thus Schiller says in an epigram (tic »crfd;ictcuc 23c|limmun9j : 2iber turd? 2Bciui}c miv pp^^njct tic a)Jcnfcf)f)cit fi^ fcvt. 88. The plural bitten is used in the sense of ©cfittung. 89. The early legislators were honoured by the appellation of aonbc (Gr. SpDs^an oak or a tree), the nymph of the tree, whose life is destroyed with her abode. (Jine iTrbag tcbt' in icncm 3?aum. — Schiller, !t)tc (Sotter ®ric(i^cnlant8. 104. fcic bcnncrnfcc Safi, the tree which falls down with a thundering crash. 105. i^cl^itrncf) is unusual instead of Steintrn*, ' a quarry.' 106. <2*(ud}t. The technical expression in the language of miners is ©d()a^t, a shaft. 107. 9JtuIci6cr is one of the surnames of Vulcan, the god of fire.— 9(m» bcp, 'anvil,' should be spelt as here, with an ji, and not with a mere i, as it is derived from the old verb b$ze7i, ' to strike.' 109. kcr Scin is the linen thread, bcr Scinfatcn. 111. Schiller has employed the foreign term tcr 5Pi(6t (Eng. pilot, from Dutch /^7^^/), instead of the German form ber Scctfc. 112. tcr l^cimifdje Skip denotes the products (©rjcugniffc) of home- industry. 113. Some are going out, bent on exporting the fruits of their industry, while others return in glee, laden with the riches of distant shores (im- porting). 115. irimmctn, to be all astir with busy life. — ter Sita^n (properly the crane, by means of which ships are laden and unladen) seems here to denote the whole place in the harbour, where the crane is erected. 116. hjuntcrn is unusual instead of ftc!? hjuntcrn. 117. ©tapel denotes here * the store' or 'magazine.' Comp. Horace's ilium (iuvat) si propria condidit horreo Qiiidquid de Libycis verritur arcis, — (5rnte=(5rttag, the productions of the whole earth. NOTES. 87 119. focf}t (like the Latin coquere, sol coqiiit poma), of maturing by excessive heat. — Jfiule, *an island in the N. part of the German Ocean, regarded by the ancients as the most northerly point in the whole earth {Did. of Gcogr.)', comp. Virg. Gcorg. r. 30, tiltima Thide. l^o. For ?lmattf)ca see Diet, of Myth. The horn of Amalthea is pro- verbial of never-failing plenty; it is identical with comu copiae ( = ta3 gull 6orn). Comp. Ovid, Fasti, V. 123 sqq. 121 — 1 38. Rise of art, science, and philosophy. 121. ©dlrf, here outward prosperity, pro^perous circumstances. From the union of prosperity and talent spring the heavenly issue of art, science and philosophy. 122. gcfaiujt, nursed. — J?unf^e tcr ?ufl — fdjone JJunflc, *artes liberales.' These merely minister to recreation (Suft), but are not classed with indus- trial pursuits (©ciucitc, above, v. 101). 123. nad)af;mcntc3 I'cbcn, imitative or mimic life. In prose we should perhaps prefer cine S^ladjatjinunij bed ScbcnS. — The noun ler JBiltncc is more select, because more rare, than tcr SiltDaucr. 124. The stone received life and feeling; it seemed to have soul and animation, when shaped by some potent sculptor. 125. JJunftUc^e .5^immc[ = vaulted ceilings, skies, as it were, produced by art. 126. 5|}ant^eon ('containing all gods'), a temple at Rome, built by Agrippa, the son-in-law of the Emperor Augustus. It is still in existence, though converted into a Christian church [Santa Maria delta Roto7ida). 127. Iris, the swift messenger of the gods; see Diet, of Mythol. — (Sonne is a less usual form than (Sc^uc. It is quoted by Sanders from Goethe, and even from so modern a writer as Freiligrath. Geibel, too, uses it : 2)ic ©enne f^wirrt, bcr 5PfciI erHtrrt [Gedichte, I, p. 154). 128. "We often use the compound la^ JBrucfcnjc^ to denote the 'arch' of a bridge. 129. Schiller is evidently thinking of Archimedes, for Avhom see note on poem VI. — Bcbcutenb = bcfceutfam ' full of import and significance.' 3irfcl refers to the well-known words Archimedes is reported to have called out to the Roman soldier rushing into his study, *ne turba circidos meos.' (In ordinary German, 3ir!el denotes the instrument, a compass ; a ' circle ' is cin Jlrct3.) 130. By his subtle investigations (fcrfc^enfc) the natural philosopher endeavours to trace the operations of the master-mind of the Creator. — tcfdjietdjen is properly used of the huntsman who softly steals up to and surprises his prey. SS DACTYLIC POETRY. 131. The peculiar power of the magnet is personified, so to speak, in the expressions J^affcn (' repelling ') and t'icbcn (' attracting'). 132. The human mind builds up theories of the origin and develop- ment of sound (iJlang) and light (®tra^I). 133. The law is called 'familiar' (vcrtraut), because with the dis- covery of the law governing and producing the phenomena of nature, all 'strangeness' disappears. What had appeared to the untutored mind as merely accidental (3ufaU) or as a miracle that filled it with fear and wonder (graufcntc SBuntcr), has now become subject to law and may be considered a familiar fact. 134. ' Seeks, through the shifting evanescent shows, The Central Principle's serene repose.' Lord Lytton's T-ransl. 135. The great thoughts and discoveries of wise men would be lost to posterity, had not man lent them a body and a voice by the invention of writing. Hence the expression, ta3 rcbente 23latt, ' the speaking page,' in the following line. 137. 2^a, when all these inventions and discoveries are made. — Just as the human eye is filled with wonder and rapture at the beauty of a land- scape when the misty veil that hangs over it begins to melt away, so the mind's eye is filled with wonder and delight when the beauties of truth are laid open to it and the mists of delusions (j)^efcet bc^ 2Baf;iic3) dissolve before the rays of day. 138. !ra3 ®c6tltc is a highly poetical word, once familiar in old Ger- man, almost lost for a time, but reintroduced by Klopstock and Herder, see in Grimm, iv. 2, p. 1768 — 1772, the excellent article by Hildebrand. In the present passage (Mcbilte, which is properly the same as wXdafxa in Greek, has passed into the sense of ' phantom.' 139 — 162. Jlfa7i has emancipated himself from Nature and strays from it so far as to become unnatural a7id godless. 139. gfffctn, the fetters in which man is entangled in his primitive state of nature; man is now 'blessed' (tcglucft), because he has learnt the free use of his intellectual faculties. But he has also incurred another danger by overleaping the restraints of Nature. — 3crti]T cr etc. = trcnn er nuc nidjt jccriii'c (' utinam ne rumperet' in Latin). 1 40. Sd^am is used in the sense of the Greek at5u;s or the Latin vcre- cundia. 141. Srci^cit may well be defined as ' absence of fear ' = 3ur^tlct"t3fcit ; but unfortunately it is often mistaken for ' absence of restraint ' or ' licen- NOTES. 89 tiousness' = 3u3cKoft9tcit. — Observe the efTective variation of the accent in gcci^flt and 5rcil;cit. 142. Nature is styled 'sacred' because she imposes a salutary re- straint upon the wild and loose (luflern) passions of mankind. 143. Faith and Morality are the anchors by which man is held fast to the safe shore ; as soon as his ' bark is tempest-tossed ' by passion and wild desire, these anchors are torn and he is swept away by the mighty torrent. 144. bcr ^ut^cnfce (Strom = tt£ 5htt^ tcr Strcmung. 145. Uncntlid), infinite space where no land is to be seen. 146. ber Stut^cn ©ctnrvj means the high crests of the waves which rise up like mountains. 147. Just as the sailor who is cast adrift on the wild waves can only be guided by the * true-fixed and resting quality ' of the ' northern star ' (Shaksp. Julius Cccsar, III. i. 61), so man when carried along by passions has only his conscience left for his guide. But even the ' constant ' (bcfiarr* lid^) stars of the ' Wain ' are overcast and hidden by the clouds, and God's voice in our bosom — our conscience — is deadened by the turmoil of our passionate desires. — !Dcr SSacjcn is the ancient appellation of the Great Bear, comp. Homer, e. 273: 6.pKTov, rjv kuI d/xa^au iirlKKrjcnv KoKeovaiv, 'the Bear, surnamed the Wain,'' in Chapman's rendering (p. 343 ed. Shepherd), 'the northern team' in Pope {Od. V. 347), auc^ tie isBann, tie fontl tcr ^immcl^roacjcn gcnannt hjirt, 93 op. Comp. also W. Scott's Lay of the Last Minstrel, I. 17. 170: ^ Arthur'' s slow 'va'in his course doth roll In utter darkness round the pole,' and Charles' wain in Shaksp. Henry IV. 1. II. I. 2. 148. ber @ott tin SSufcn would seem to remind us of Socrates' way of denoting Conscience as a daifidvtov or God's voice in man's breast. 149. Comp. the saying ascribed to Talleyrand, ' Speech was given to man not to declare but to hide his thoughts.' 150. Comp. Euripides' famous or rather infamous line : 77 yXuiaa' d/xu- IJ.ox\ V 5^ vir [ic immcr afg tie nam(id)c ivictcr, unt «n6 in ibr. 9luf unferer 8lud)t turd) ta^ I'cl^cn (ci^cn vrir jcte gcnoffcnc I'uft, ictc ©cftalt unfcrcS njantclbarcn 2Cefcng in t^re trcue .§ant nicter, unb irot^lte^altcn gitt fie un8 tie anicertrauten ®utcr jurucf, a^enu luir fommcn unt fie ttjicter fortcrn. (See Schiller's Gedichte, erl. von II. Viehoff, 3, 66). In the same way the poet says here that Nature preserves to the Man whatever the Loy and the Youth have confided to her. 197. glcicficr = nic irccfifctntcr ; Nature always gives to all her children the same ' milk of human kindness.' 198. Comp. V. 5. 199. Gotzinger aptly compares two lines from Holty's 2lufinuntcrung jur Steutc : 9lcc^ fcf)cint tcr tictc 3)icnb fc> fieUc, SBic cr turd; 3ltaiu5 ii3aume fc^icn. ■200. The same sun that shed his rays over Homer's world, shines also upon us. It is hardly to be doubted that Schiller derived the idea of his 'Walk' from an actual walk, and a passage in one of his essays (quoted by Viehoff, 3, 49) may serve to show that objects utterly unsuggestive to the ordinary mind may prove 'meet food' for a mind both poetic and philo- sophic as Schiller's was. Schiller writes as follows : !l)cr JiBeg »cn Stuttgart nad) «5c]^cnl)cim ij^ gcnjiffcrmaficn cine tcrfinnlic^te ©cfcfjicfjtc tcr ©artentunjl. 3n ben gtu^tfcltcrn, SBcinbcrgcn unb njirt^fcfjaftlidjcn @vuten lilngg tcr Sant|lrapc jeigt fi^ tern JBetradjter tcr crj^e ^?^i?fif^c SInfang tcr ©artenfunjl, cntblopt ron alter (5)lf;cttfd)cn 3?erjtcrung. 9^un abet em)>fdngt tfin tic franjofifc^e (Siartcnfunjl mtt flcljcr ©rauitat unter ten langcn unb fc^roffcn $appeln?antcn, tt?e(cl)e tie freic gantfc^aft mtt <§o^cn]^eim in SSerbintung fe^cn unb turc^ il^re funflmijiigc ©cfiatt fd)on 5-rroartung crrcgcn. S^icfer fcicvlid;c (iintrurf flcigt fi* bi3 ju einer fafl i?einttd)en Spannung, njcnn man tic GVnulcfjer tc3 l^crjcglic^cn 8d)Ic)Tc3 turcJinjantcrt. 2)ut(i(> ten @lan3, tcr l^icr son alien (©ctten tag 2Iuge Iviicft, njirb ba'3 SScburfnip 94 DACTYLIC POETRY. na^ ®tm)?Itcitat 6i3 jum ^odjilcn (SJratc gctricScn, unb ter Untlirfjcn Statur, tie ten Sicifcutcn auf cinmal in teni focjcnanntcn en.jUfc^cn S)crf cm^jfangt, ter feicr» Itc^fte STrium^f) krcitct. 5l6cr tie Sf^atur, tic ttjir bier fxnten, ift tiejlenigc nid)t mt^r, tton ter ivir autnjcgaiujcn ivaren. 6^ ill eine mit @eifl bcfccltc unb tiircfj i?unfl eraltirte S^tatur, tie nun nidjt bfo3 ten einfadjen, fontern fetbfl ten turd? (Sultut teriuc^utcu 2)icufrf)en befrietigt. It may be added that the wildness of primeval nature as described at the end of the poem, differs widely from the artistic neatness of the Duke's * English Village,' though each in its way may tend to soothe the overwrought and wearied spirit of the poet. Schiller's own judgment of his ©pajierijang is contained in a letter to Korner, written on Sept. 21, 1795, where he says, 3)ie ©Icgie (which was the title originally chosen) macfjt mir ^let (Jreute. Unter affen meinen Sad()en \iveitet. His friend W. von Humboldt was most enthusiastic in his praises of the poem. He wrote as follows, on Oct. 23, 1795: S23or;in man fid? icentct, n)irb man burd> ten ®ei)l ubcrrafdjt, ter in ticfem »Sturfc l^ecrfdjt, aSer »orjiiglid> ftarf toirft baS Seben, baJ btefcS un» bcgrcipid; fd)i3n organifirte ®an5C befeelt ... ©3 ^at ten reic^flen ®toff, unb gerate ten, tec mic mcinec 5ln|"id)t ter 3)inge nac^ tmmcr am nfidjfien liegt. ©3 ftcUt tie serinterlidjc Strebfamteit tec 3)ienfc^en ter fic^ern Untteranterlid;feit ter Statue jur Seitc, fuBrt auf ten h)af)rcn ®efid)t3punct, Bcitc ju uberfe^en, unb terfniipft fomit aflc3 •>j»od;tte, njaS ein 3)ienfd) ju tcnfcn »ermag. 3)en ganjen grcpcn Subatt tet aBeUgcfd;idjte, tie (Summc unb ten ®ang alte3 menfdjHdjen S3eginnen#, feine Grfclge, fcine ®efe(5e unb fciu tc^te3 3iet, 5ltte3 umfdjUc^t eS in njcnigcn, teidjt ju ubcrfcbcnten, unb tcdj fo njal^ren unb evfdjopfentcn JBitfcern. 5)a3 cigcnttid?c poetifd)e i'crticnfl fd)eint mic in ticfem (^a'x^it fe()r grop ; fafl in feincm S^cer ubrigen fmb Stoff unb Sorin fo mit cinantcc amatgainirt, erfdteint 5iric3 fo turd)au3 at3 ta§ frcie SBcrf ter 5)f)aiUafie. i>orjug(icf) fd;on ifl tie 2)ianiiigfattigfcit ter vcrfcJiictenen '-Siltcr, tie e3 auffteflt. 2)a8 ©emiitl^ ujirt nad> unb nac!> turc^ atte ®timmungen gcfu^rt, teren e3 faf)ig ijl. Sie tidjtvotte •i^'icitcrfcit tc3 bto3 matentcn 5lnfang3 latet tie *pftantafie frcuntUcf> ein unb gibt ibr cine tcid)te, finnlidj angcne^mc sBcfdjaftigung ; ta3 Sd^auervoUc ter tarauf secAntccten Slatucfcene bereitct ju gro^erem (Srnft vor unb madjt tie Jolge nodj iikrrafdienter. 0)Jit tem aifjcufdjen tritt nun tie 53etraditung fin. 2l6cr ta er nod) in greyer ©iufad)f;cit ter 9Iatur gctrcu Hcibt, braud)t fid) ter SSlicf nidjt auf ciele ®cgcnfivinbe ju vcrbrciten. SUlcin bcc crflen (Sinfalt folvjt nun tic ©ultur, unb tie ^lufmecffamfcit mup fid) auf cinmat in alle mannigfaltigen ®cgcnft5ntc tcS gebilbctcn Scbcn3 unb il;re vietfad)en 5H>cd)fclnjiifungcn jcv|lrcucn. 2)cr aSItcf auf ba3 le^te 3tel tc8 a}icnfd)en, auf tie (Sittticl)fcit, fammclt ten ^crum* fd)rccifenten ®ci(l n)ietcr auf einen $unct. 6r febrt bci ter '.IJcrniiltcrung teS aJienf^ien juc to^en Slatuc n.ncbct in fid; jurucf unb njicb gctrictcn, tic Sluflofuaa NOTES. 95 tf8 SBtberflrfita, fccn cr cor 'ilugen fie^t, in cincr 3tcc aufjufud^eit. (£o entfaffen <2ie ben Scfcr, tcie <2ic tbn am Slnfangc turc^ fmnlirfje Scidjttgfett ctnlafcen, am ©djiup mtt tcr er^abcncn ^<\^i. ter 25crnunft. We may also add Lord Lytton's criticism. ' Tlie sense of beauty must be dull in those who cannot perceive tlie exquisite merits of this description— the rapid vigour with which what Herder called " the World of Scenes" shifts and shimmers, and the grand divisions of Human History are seized and outlined— and the noble re- flections which, after losing himself in the large interests of the multitude, Solitude forces upon the Poet at the close.' (Schiller's Poems, translated by Bulwer.) VI. Archimedes, the most famous of ancient mathematicians, distinguished himself chiefly during the siege of Syracuse by Marcellus. The excel- lent engines constructed by the philosopher obliged the enemy to con- vert the siege into a blockade. Livy speaks at considerable length of the wonderful effects of these engines, xxiv. 34, where he styles Archimedes ' itnicus spectator caeli sidcriirnquc, mirabilior ta7nen inventor ac machitiator bdlkorum tormentonim openanque.'' Compare also Polybius viii. 6 — 9, where Marcellus' engines, the (TafxjBvKai, are mentioned and described. In Polybius we read that the Romans commenced the siege ' without taking into account the power of Archimedes, and without foreseeing that a single mind can sometihies do more than a multitude of hands' {oi Xoyta-d/xeyoi tt]v 'Apxvi^V^ovs dvva^uiv, ov8^ irpoLdSfievoi 6ti fxla. ^pvxr] tt)% aTrdcnrjs iarl voXv- X^i-p't-o-^ (f eviois Kaipo'Ls dwaTiKwripa). According to Plutarch, i^/arr. 17, Marcellus himself called his scientific adversary a * geometrical Briareus ' (01) TravaSfxeffa irpcs rov "yecj/xeTpiKOU tovtov BpLapecjv TroXefiovvTes). In the same chapter of Plutarch's Life of Marcellus we meet with the principal thought of Schiller's epigram, and there can be no doubt that the poet wrote it after perusing the account given by Plutarch. The words are as follows : ' Pie considered all study of merely mechanic arts and in general all science tending to practical use as something unworthy and altogether trade-like, and concentrated his whole ambition upon those things in which honour and zeal may be manifested without any tendency to practical necessity ' [rT\v vepl tA fx-qxo-vi-K^ Tpayfiareiav /cat Trdcrav SXw? t^vijv xpf^as itpaTTTOjuivrjv dyevvrj Kal ^dvavcrov rj-yricfdixevos eh iKeHua KaraOiaOai fibva tt]v (XVTOv (ptXaTifxiay, oh t6 KaXdv Kal irepiTrbv dpnyis rod dvayKaiov irpScrecm). 96 DACTYLIC POETRY. The leading thought of the present epigram — that scientific study should be carried on from ideal love of truth, and not merely with a definite practical purpose — is expressed by Schiller in more than one passage of his works, e.g. in his second letter on esthetic education he says : bcr 8auf fccr iBcgebcn- kitcn ^at fccm @entu3 fcer 3ctt cine i)iid?tung gcijcbcn, tie t^n je mcl^r unb mc^r »on tcr J?un|l be^ Steals ju cntfcrncit bro^t. Sc^t ^crri'djt ba3 Scburfnip uub beujt bie gcfunfcnc 3)icnfc^f;eit unter i^r tvranntfdje^ 3odj. iDcr 9lu|jcn i|1 bag grope 3tot ber 3ett, bem a((e j^taftc fvc^ucn, aUc Slalcntc i^utbigen foUcn: and again in an epi- gram on * Wissenschaft ' : (fftnem ifl fie bie l^o'^c, tic l^tmmtifc^c ®otttn, bcm anbcrii (Sine tiic^ttge Jtu^, bie i^n mit 33 utter vcrforgt. 2. Gtnttjcii^en, 'to initiate,' properly used of a sacred and religious act. Hence the adj. gottUd^, w. i and 5. 5. cerfe^en, a more select expression than antiuorten and ertctbern. 7. bie fterbtidje (Jvunfi), 'mortal art,' is what Plutarch calls a.'^ivvrt% koX pdvav avA, a(3 ttjcnn cr ebcn crfi ten ^infct iueggcmorfcn l^attc. 28. gcfion, a French term, ♦ guirlande ou faisceau de petites branches d'arbres, garnies de leurs feuilles, et entremelees de fleurs, de fruits, etc., qui sert ordinairement de decoration, et que Ton suspend alors par les ex- tremites de maniere que le milieu retombe. // se dit aussi des omemetits representant dts festons que les architecies, les sculptcurs, les peintres, viettent dans lenrs oiivrages, pour les orner, pour les embellir, II se dit igalenunt de NOTES. 99 dJcoicpwes en forme defestoits \Dict. de V Academie). Grimm does not give {JcftOK in his German Dictionary. — JBilfcung here = ®tf)i(tc. 29 — 34 contains descriptions of the subjects of some of the frescoes ■which strike the poet's eye. 32. For 5aun comp. note on the <£))ajtergang, 69. 33. fie, i.e. kte iBacdjantin (v. 31). The poet represents the different pictures, as if the dancing and the sleeping bacchants and the one on tlie Centaur were always one and the same, though in different attitudes. This is not, however, so in reality, as the paintings from which Schiller draws his descriptions were found in very different parts of the town. 34. fvifcf) = frcufcig, nnttf;tg. Comp. v. 36.— il^trfuS (^i5ptru(f von ®cmmcn in ctncr teigtgcn, nacftljcv friiartcntcn 2)ia[i'c, uvfprungtici^ unb junacf)fi vcn ®Ia3, tvinn auc^ »cn Sdjttjcfcl, ®ij?8 u. f. H).' Sanders, 11. i, p. 5066, where the present passage is also quoted. 46. The employment of paint for beautifying the ' human face divine ' is of very old date ; see Horn. Od. xviii. 171, 191. The Roman ladies were very expert in all the arts of toilet. — gcfio^tt is less usual than the compound au8gcl^o|)(t. I 2 loo DACTYLIC POETRY, 47. The poet now enters the library. A considerable number of vohimina, ' JJicKcn,' i. e. manuscripts rolled on a staff, according to the fashion of the ancients, were discovered at Herculaneum. Unfortunately their contents have not as yet proved of great interest. 49. ®riffcl = j///«i', *an iron instrument, resembling a pencil in size and shape, used for writing upon waxed tablets.' Diet, of Ant. — todc^fcrne ilafcin is less usual than 2Bacf>6tafc(n. 51. Penates, the household gods of the Romans ; they were placed on the hearth of the house. 52. nur = aUctn; only the priests are wanting. (It is necessary to observe this, lest nur be taken in the sense it often bears in interrogations, e.g. nja3 trcibt er nur fca? ' what can he be doing there after all? ') 53. Gatuccug, the staff (pd^dos) by which Hermes (Mercury) is charac- terized as the messenger of the gods. 54. In many cases we find that gods are represented with small statues of Victory ( Victorioia) in their hands. 55. We should observe the emphatic repetition of junfcet. The paren- thetic sentence seems to convey a reason why the sacrifice should not be delayed, or it may be that it merely represents a relative sentence : juntct fcem ®otte tie £)pfcr an, tie cr fd?on fo lange entbel;rt l^nt. VIII. The dangerous adventures of Odysseus (Ulysses) are well kno\vn. "What he cannot attain with all his toil, comes to him at last while he is asleep. The Phaeacian crew set him ashore: * Ulysses sleeping on his couch they bore. And gently placed him on the rocky shore.' Pope, Homer's Odyssey, xill. 138. Then again : * Ulysses in his country lay, Releas'd from sleep, and round him might survey The solitary shore, and mighty sea. Yet had his mind through tedious absence lost The dear remembrance of his native coast; * * * « » Now all the land another prospect bore, Another port appeared, another shore — NOTES. loi ' The king arose, and beat his careful breast, Cast a long look o'er all the coast and main, And sought around his native realm in vain: Then with erected eyes stood fix'd in woe, And as he spoke, his tears began to flow.' — Pope. I. btc <§ctmatr; ju fintcn = 7raT/3/5a "^alav iKlaQai, Homer. 1. ®cl;(ta is described as 'barking' in the Odyssey xil. 85. *Scylla' properly means a female dog (in modem Greek aKvkl is the only surviving name for 'dog'). 3. The sea is styled fcinfclid), because the ruler of the seas, Poseidon (Neptune), was hostile to Ulysses. 4. in 2titc3 Sictdj, d% "hihao 86fMovs, Ilom. This is described in the canto of the Odyssey entitled viKvia. — irrcnbc Sa^rt instead of the prosaic compound Srrfa^rt. 6. SSaterlanb is incorrectly used as a dactyl. IX. Columbus, who had firmly persuaded himself that by sailing westward land must be found, applied first to the king of Portugal and various other potentates before he obtained three miserable ships from Ferdinand and Isabel of Spain, whose counsellors had urged against Columbus the authority of St Augustine, who in his Civitas Dei had denied and pro- nounced impossible that there should be any such thing as antipodes, or any going out of one hemisphere into another. 'So numerous were the impediments suggested by dullness, prejudice, or scepticism, that years glided away before it came to a decision' (Prescott). When Columbus had at last set out on his voyage, his crew proved exceedingly obstinate, and even finally extracted a promise from him that he would return if after three days no land were discovered. Fortunately land was found before the expiration of this period, on Friday, Oct. 12, 1492. See Robertson's History of America, p. 47 sq. (Paris edition, 1828). 1. In prose we should say laj'fig tic ^anb fin!cn lajfcn. 3. tnu^ should be pronounced with proper emphasis. 4. The coast is as yet invisible to the bodily eye, but it lies clear before the mind's eye, the Intellect. — In a passage of his prose works, Schiller reverts to the same idea as here. He says, 3luf tic llnfc^tbarfctt fcincS SalcutS ge^t bet SBcltentterfcr (Solumbu^ tie bcteiifUc^e SScttc mit eincm 102 DACTYLIC POETRY. unbcfal^rencn SKeerc ein, He fefclenbc jttjctte ^emifp^drc gu bet tefanntcii ^emifp'^are ju fu^jcn, rtctdje tic Sucfc auf fctncr geograr^ifc^cn J?arte auSfuUcn foUtc. ©r fanb fic, ticfe Snfct fcincS 5payicr^, unb fcinc Oicdjnung ircir tic^tig. aBarc fie f3 minter gcroefen, vrcnn ein fcintlirf)cr Sturm fcinc Sd^iffe jcrfdjmcttcrt oter rurfmactS nac^ tferer ^etmat^ gctrtcben ^tU'i (Schiller, xiv. p 363, ed. Hempel). In a similar manner, Haller, in his ©ctanfen ubcc iCcrnunft, 2l(icrg(aubcn unb Uu. glauben, had written before Schiller : ©in forfd()cnber Sotumb, ©etictcr ten tern SDintc, SSefegcIt ncue DJiccr', umfcJ)ifft bcr ©rbcn Stiintc; ©in antret •^immet ftra^lt mit fremtcn <2tcrncn tort, Unb 33cgc( fanben nic ben 2Bcg ju jcnem a?orb; S^ic fcrnen ©rcnjcn finb »om Ocean umflcffcn; 2Ba3 bie ^citm locrbarg, l^at StUifn^dt aufgcfdjicffcn ; 2)a3 QJtcer ill fcine Svifin, fcin 5ii^rcr tft ein Stein, ©r \\x^t nod(> cine 2Bctt, unb wa^ cr will, muf fcin. 6. fic, i. e. bie Jliifie (v. 3). 7. In the aScIagerung fon 5lntn3cr)?cn (vol. xi. p. 125, ed. Hempel), Schiller says, icncr genialifc^c Snfiinct, bcr ben gro^cn 9i}icnfd)cn auf SBa^nen, bie bet Jllcinc enttuebcr nidjt Betritt ober nic^t entigt, mit glucJUdjcr Sidjcrbcit leitct, erljob i^n iibcr alle Snjcifct, bie cine fatte, abcr eingcfdjrdntte Jvlugf^eit i^m entgegen» fteUtc — cr erfannte bie 2Ca^r^cit feiner JBeredjnung in eincm buntctn, abcr barum nic^t tocntgcr- fic^crn ©cfu^t. These words, originally descriptive of Alexander of Parma, might well be applied to Columbus, as they express exactly the same idea as the conclusion of the present epigram. — ®cniu3 is used in the sense of (Senic, i.e. the English 'genius.' X. This epigram is founded upon an historical event, which Schiller had read in J. M. Schmidt's ®cfcf)i^te bcr JDcutfc^cn, in. 536, where it is related in these words : 5I)a Sricbrid) fa^, bap cr (fcincm ®cgncr Sutwig) nid^t 2Bort l^alten fonnte (he had been released on condition that he would persuade his friends to cease making war upon Ludwig), flcUtc cr fidj i^cn fctbfl ju SDJunc^en nncber ein, unb njarf ficf> fcincm ®cgncr in tie Shine, tec turci? ticfe ®ropmut^ gerii^rt nun mit gricbri^icn at3 mit fcincm bcflcn greuntc umgicng, mit ibm an ©iner Slafcl fpcifle unb in ©inem SSctte fdjlicf... Dcr in tcutfcf)cn Sittcn uncvfal;rene J^iapfl 3ol;aun, tern ticfcr Ucbcricft aUtcutfdjcv Xicuc unt 5)ictUd;fcit unbcgccifli^j NOTES. 103 vjovfam, fcfjrieb l^ierfifcer ait ben Jfoniij »on granfreicft, fciefe ungfaut>(id)e 93crtrau» lic^fcit unb greuntfrfjaft fci i(;iu ©d;vciben (nieinc ©ctanfcn) fdjrcibc. 6. niciucn = i^rc 3Jieinung fluficrn or atgeben. 7. fdfjiuanfcnte 2Boije denotes the ever lluctuating wave of personal opinion and judgment. NOTES. 105 8. In order to understand bo^ ('but after all) we should supply a thought like this, ' Though this be in reality unnecessary and useless, I cannot resist your invitation, owing to a certain inclination I feel within me, just like the fisher' who goes out to exercise his craft though the sea be covered with hundreds who do the same. 10. ®efc((cn = ®cncffcn, partners of his craft. 14. fie, i. e, tie Sodjcn. 15. We often find the compound aSietermanncr. 16. The question is indeed a very grave one, but 1 am not in a humour grave enough to consider it gravely. Let me therefore answer you in a merry strain and with humour. 17. tcnjiuKjlid? is more idiomatic than fervjnfuit. 18. 2)ic ©egenb gtdiijt frudjtOvir is not exactly the same as tic fntd^ttarc (SS. g(., but means that the whole country is resplendent with fertility or shines in its fruitfulness. It is, in fact, the fruit that produces the ' sheen * under the rays of the sun. — tic Siifte is often used in the sense of 'winds.' 12. Icidjtec ®riffct may Ije translated by 'careless pen.' See our note on vii. 49. 23. (Sintrucf ought to be a spondee, not a trochee, as Goethe uses it, — :^cttcrn are more especially ' type,' letters used for printing. 25, 26. Comp. Ep. St James i. 23, 24. 26. tie bc(;ac}Iicf;cn ^iigc is slightly ironical. We soon forget the re- flexion of the face which shows nothing but contentment and good humour. 28 — 33. We fuid in the words of others merely what we ourselves have thought before ; things new to us are but slowly understood and appropriated. 32. t|t cr gcirattig = tt)cnn cr ciit gcjualtigcr QJicnfch ift, a man of very powerful mind. We either see our own selves in the book, or we interpret the book in such a manner as to make it suit our mind. 34 sq. Hence all endeavour to shape and model mankind is utterly in vain. The genitive te^ QJtcnfdjcn is dependent on >'?ang in the following line. 37. Compare Hor. Epist. i. 2. 69 qiio scmel est imbiita recens, servabit odorem Testa dm. 38. (gag' id^, tuie tdj eg tenfe = tocnn id) mcine ©etanfcn gcratc ficrau'? fagen foil. — turdjauS is used in the sense of the Latin onmino ('omnino mihi res ita esse videtur ') ; here ' it is my full conviction. ' 40 sq. We willingly listen to words in agreement with our pre- conceived views, but our views are not formed upon what we have heard. Suppose that we should even go so far as to believe things we dislike ic6 DACTYLIC POETRY. when propounded by an eloquent orator (fun)llidf)cr 9ict'ncr = funflrctcf)cr JR.), our heart when rid of him (befreiteS ®cmut^) would soon relapse into its familiar track (9cmcf)nte U3af;ncn). 44. Observe the pointed juxtaposition of l^orc^en and ge:^ord()en, like andire and ob-ocdire. The position of fd)mcid;cln at the beginning of a line is likewise very happy and partakes to a certain extent of the nature of a surprise, just as if a dash were made after mupt tu. 46. ®efd;id)tcn, ' fabulas ' or yai^^ows. 47. etma^ kbcn is poetical and unusual instead of crkbcn. 48. Even Homer — would he be read by all, if he did not know how to please, how to flatter? 50 sq. In time of peace the king lives in his palace, during war in a tent. The Iliad is a series of celebrations of heroes and their valorous deeds. 52. UbffenS wanbcrntc J?tu^I)cit ('OSyo-a^ws tro\vTpoiros jxrjTis) i. e. the cunning exercised by Ulysses during his wandering. 55. Ulysses appears in his own palace in the guise of a beggar ; but though covered with rags (Sum))cn), he preserves the noble mind of a king. 57. The 'City of Neptune' is Venice, situated in the sea itself, in the midst of the realms of Neptune. — allroo is somewhat quaint and (occasionally) pedantic instead of the simple too. — The 'winged lions' refer to the armorial bearings of the former republic of Venice, and the fiction of divine worship being paid to them may be well admitted in a poetical epistle. 58. It is well known that the Italians and the Greeks are exceedingly fond of listening to fairy-tales. 59. Goethe chooses the ancient Greek appellation of one who recounts a poetical tale, paxpipbos, a designation especially used of the ancient reciters of the Homeric songs. 60. fccr (gtuvm : the definite article is, perhaps, more poetical than ein ®turm. 61. Utopia is the name given by Sir Thomas More to the fictitious island, the imaginary customs and laws of which he described in a well- known Latin romance, where the evils of existing laws are proved by contrast. The Utopia { = OvTO'!rla, a land without a place) appeared first in 1516. It was translated into English, in 1551, by Ralph Robinson, a fellow of C. C. C., Oxford. 6^. The 'pillars of Hercules' was the ancient name of the straits of Gibraltar. — 3ac = fc^r. NOTES. 107 65. $pf3c = 93crtfrcc}ung, tending. 67. The construction of ucrgcffcn with the genitive is more usual in poetry than in prose. Below, v. 8.:;, we have the accusative. The re- flective fif^ aiifaugcn is less usual than the absolute anfaii^cn. 68. 3ed;c = 5Kc^nung (compare vv. 72, 81). 69. cnthiclte can hardly be taken as a subjunctive; it. is probably an erroneous and incorrect lengthening of the indicative. 71. mir is dativus ethicus, instead of meine iJlngfl. (Comp. v. 75.) 72. cfi'cn unb forcjcn go together, =untcr Sovgen cffcn. 74. Goethe is apparently thinking of the Homeric expression xnrbSpa 77. In prose we say more commonly ci(cnt3 or cifcntcn fcrn = ivenn icf) antni ' if indeed.' 87. hJoUt t{;r = n)cnn \^x ... JroUt. 88. Sfir miijjt cudj erfl luurtig itnb tiidjtig Bctcctfcn, tin 23i"ir.3cr ju fcin. 90. The construction fief) ju eincr igacfjc fugcn is very unusual, instead of the simple dative. We say, however, very commonly fic^ ju cincr ^ad)t bcqucmen. 91. tcqucmcr, more comfortably than work docs. 92. Otjiiforgc — ' Sans-souci,' one who never cares what becomes of him. 94. We have both fcie ©cmcinc and tic ©cmetnte, but the latter is more common. 98. In prose we should add tcnn tann (if such implements of labour were found in your house) marcjl tu UHjlcid? vfvtoren. 100. The description here made of the indolent and lazy citizens of Utopia is not unlike the one given by Aristophanes in several passages of the Athenian citizens of his time. 103. 3cfj gelobc unb fd^rtjcre is a formula often used in taking an oath. 105. tc3 SagcS, gen. of time, =an ticfem JIagc. 106. The emphatic affinnative ja corresponds to an English negative *;/«/ even.' xni. 1. irar is used short ; and though it properly ought to be long, even ^cry correct poets are occasionally obliged to use it short, especially when it is merely the copula. loS DACTYLIC POETRY, 3. In prose : tu ifcrtan^fi eine bcfonncne 2lnttt3ort. 4. Compare the proverbial expression : tcr ^Sc^atf fiftt il^m im S'laclcn, i. e. he is disposed to be merry and jocular. 5. bctadjtig : compare xil. 78. 7. We say more commonly tic S^odjtcr teg -^aufcg. 9. gcf)olfcn = alHjc^olfcn. 'This is sooner set right.' 10. gut emphatically = gutgcartct, gut^erjig 'kind-hearted.' — finb is used short : comp. note on v. 2 above. 12. ctmag bcfovgcn means here more emphatically tie <2orgc fat etwal uicrnc^mcn. 14. fctaffcn 'to busy oneself with something' is often used as a synonym of arbciten, especially in the southern dialects of Germany. 16. Goethe describes here the process of fermentation. 19. cntlid? = am ©ntc, fd}(tcpUd?. — The dative funftigcn Sal^rcn is some- what loosely used instead of fur with the ace. In the 'years to come' the ' noble juice ' is to be drunk. 21. gcijltg = »c(( icon ®eifi, a wine full of spirit and strength, not a dull heavy drink. — tic Safel instead of those assembled at the same table. 22. In prose : ubcrlajfc tcr antern tic J?iicf>c <\\i tf)r 5)icidj. 24. fd^macf^aft is said 'de effectu,' i.e. tag SDiafit fo ju bcrcttcn, ta^ c3 fcfjmacf ^aft luirt. — ct;nc S3cfd)tt3erte teg 23eutelg = cl^ne tap (tie Sluggabc tafur) tern iBeutel ('purse') bcfdjiDcrlidj tocrte. The meals are to be good, but not expensive. 25. .Riicf)4ein 'little chicken.' In the North of Germany the word .Rufcn (= 'chicken') is used instead of the southern Jpiil^nd^cn. 27. It is more common to say 3af)vcgjctt in three syllables. — giefct = licKrt. — bci 3eitcn 'be-times'; she brings it early, before it becomes too common or is even going out of season. 29. rcift nur cbcn = n}enn gerate crfl tcr <£cmmer tie grud^te tcift. 31. This is an allusion to the peculiar German dish called <£auer» fraut — which (though the present writer is far from admiring it) is more decried in England than it deserves. 32. Pof/iona the goddess of fruits ; ixoxvi poinum 'apple.' 34. If anything miscarries, she considns it a greater misfortune etc. 35. entlauft = taijon (or tueg) lauft. The debtor runs away and leaves you nothing but his I. O. U. 36 sq. Quietly the girl is developing into the housewife. The man who chooses her is prudent, as he gets in her an excellent wife and helpmate. 38. cut ltd;, after all her work. NOTES. 109 40. If another sister takes care of the garden, she will not allow it to run wild— which would be very romantic indeed, but very un- profitable and very damp. 42. 95prf;of ought to be a spondee and not a trochee. 44. The patriarchs of the olden time were kings on a small scale, within their house and family. — gctrAncjt 'compact.' 46, ftiUe is the adverb, 'quietly.' 48, 49. If young ladies are ever so busy indoors, when they walk out, they like to be dressed like ladies who live merely for their toilet, and never lift a finger to work. 50. The common form is {lugctn. Grimm s. v, Btcgcin quotes only the present passage, but Sanders observes that we always prefer this form in the proverbial phrase gcfdjnicijctt unt gclncgcit, i. e. ' polished from top to toe.' 51. arfatifc^c -^ufTc, a dress befitting Arcadian shepherdesses. 53. crrtijen in its original meaning = auf=rci5cn 'stir up.' 57. My girls should always have enough to do, so that they should never want to read trashy novels sent from a circulating library (Sci(;fcibtict^ct). XIV. G oethe wrote the charming idyl Alexis imd Dora in the summer of 1 796. Schiller's criticism is contained in a letter written on June i8. 1796 and. would seem to deserve a place here: !ttc St^tte Bat mid; bcim 5h3Cttcn Scfcn fo tnnig, ja ncdj inntgcr atS bcim crftcn bciucgt. @e»rtip gel^crt fie untcr ta3 ®d)onfic, hja3 (£te gcmadjt !^abcn, fo »cU ©infalt tfl fte, 6ct ciner imcrgriintttcften !licfe kcr ©m^jjtntung. !t)urrf) tic ©tlfcrtigfctt, hjctdje ta3 irartcnte Sdjiff'SfoIf ill tic <§anttung bvtngt, hjirt tor ©ci^aupta^ fuv tic jttjci Sicbenten fo engc, fo trangvctt unb fo bctcutcnt tcr 3ufianb, taii ttcfer SJiomcnt trirflt^ ten ©efialt cincS ganjcn SctcnS tcfommt. 6^ triirte fcf)njcr fein, cincn jirciten Sail ju ertenfen, njo tic aSIume tc^ JDidjtcrifd^cn Vicn cincm ©cgcnftaitte fo rein unb fo gliicflic^ atHjetrccfjen n,nrb. 3}ap @ie tic (Stferfudjt fo ttc!f)t tanei'cn ftetlen, unb bag (3Uii(! fo fcljneU turclj tic Surcl^t tcictcr verfcljlingen laffen, trcip id> for ineinem ©cfii^t noc^ nicljt ganj ju rcci^tfcrtigcn, otgki^ id^ vx6)ii fceftietigcntcS tagegen cintrcnteit fann. $ricfc3 fuf)tc icf) nur, tap icf) tic gtiicflicjc Jruntenfiett, mit tcr 2Ueri? ta3 9.1iAtd^cn cerlajit unb fie!? tinfe!?ifft, gernc immer fcftf>a(ten mccf)tc. Goethe him- self replied on July 22 : gur bic (Jifcrfucfjt am (5nbe ^:j^\>t '\6) jtcei ©riinbe, cincn au8 tcr S^atut: recit hjirfUdj ietc3 unettt'artete unb unvcrtientc Sictc^glucf tic Surci[>t lc3 JJ3cituile3 unmittclbar auf tcr Scrfc na^ fic^ jie^, unb cincn au^ no DACTYLIC POETRY. tcr JJunfl, hjcit tic St^Ue kurrfiau3 ctncn ^atfictifdjcn Q^an^ ^at, imb ctfc tatf Scitenfc^aftlid^c In^ gcijcn tag (5ntc gcfictgcrt trcrtcn muptc, fca fie fcann turd) tie 2lt>fci)iet^\jcr6cuvjuni} tcS JTicfiterg ivicter iii'^ Scitlirfjc unb «§citcrc jurucfgcfiifirt njirb. <2o tvcit jut 9tcdf)tfcrtii)ung tc3 uncrfUuliciicn Suftinctg, turc^ njcldjcn folc^e STtncjc l^criHTCjctiradjt njcrtcn. We merely observe that the whole poem forms a monologue on board the ship which carries Alexis away from his home and his newly found love. He had been in love with Dora for many a year, but neither had confessed it to the other. But in the very moment of departure their hearts open and they have found each other. Alexis who is almost giddy and beside himself with joy, is hurried away by the boy who calls him — on board he begins to think it all over, whether it is true or merely a dream, and sudden as this revelation of love has been, the fear seizes him that he may lose it again just as suddenly. Hence pangs of jealousy, which are however but transitory ; and thus we leave him on the waves — hoping that he will return happily and find his Dora faithful and constant. I. The words mit jebem aJtomente should be connected with the com- paratives ircitcr unb hjeitcr in the following line. 3. JTte ®lcifc is an unusual form instead of tag ®tct8. But we find also a masc. tcr ®(c)tctg. It should, however, be observed that tie ©Icife ( = M.H.G. die gelcis) is the original form of the word, which is formed from an earlier leis, Icise, leisd ' trace ' with the prefix ge-. The neuter tag ®(c)Icifc does not occur before the i8th century. 6. The sail alone works for all, inasmuch as it produces the motion of the ship. 7. All on board are looking forward to the end of their voyage, only one has all his thoughts bent backward, has left his heart behind. 8. The variation of the accent in the two compounds sorJvartg and rucfrod'rtg is highly effective. 13. Just as the mountains, the last traces of his native land, sink down into the sea, so all joy seems to disappear before his eyes. But just as he is straining his eyes for the fast-vanishing line of the shore, the eyes of his beloved are trying to catch the last glimpse of the sailing ship. 15. Ictcn is said emphatically 'to feel the value of life.' Before the revelation of Dora's love, Alexis had felt no such thrilling interest in life ; compare the following line. 19. iiur umfouft^ganj t^crgctcng 'quite in vain.' 20. attleucfjtcnb 'resplendent to all.' 12. Compare the Latin phrase repetcre {recolcre) memoriam tcntporis aluuius. — fie is Dora. NOTES. Ill 2^. bte = Hcfc or cine forcf^c. 25. 9iatf;fel refers to the poetical riddles in vogiie at the time. 26. !uiiftad? = funftvcid) 'cunningly' (in the sense it bears in Old English). 27. In prose : tie fettcnc 93crfnui^fung tcr ^icrlidjcn SBiltcr. ■28. They have not yet discovered the word which contains the key-note of the whole riddle. 33. auf ctira^ r;arvcu is a more dignified and emphatic expression than the ordinary auf ctm. »uavtcn. — i.'uftc = 51i5iutc. 36. bic Stunbe ^ that hour,' in which he found himself assured of Dora's love. 39. It is difficult to say in what age or in what country the scene of tlie poem is laid. Perhaps, it is all the more poetical for this mysterious uncertainty. ' Dora' is not a Greek name, 'Alexis ' is. Above (v. 18) he si)eaks of 'gods' in the plural ; here of a 'temple,' not a 'church.' The fruits mentioned below seem to point to the South of Europe. 40. aJiiittcvd^eii 'your dear old mother.' Diminutives are often used in an endearing sense. 41. We may say both ju and jum 3Jiarttc gc'^cii. 42. h)tc fu^n ! expresses admiration ; Dora carried the pitcher on her head with graceful boldness. This is again a peculiarity of the South. 45. In prose we should perhaps prefer tcforgt. 46. flat 'steady.' — gcringclt ' wrapt together in the shape of a ring.' 48. fid) dat. ethicus, comp. the phrase fid) cine <£ad)c aufe^eH. 49. titnen is poetical instead of tvtnncn, or tm 3nncrn. 53. ctiDa3 lugcit means here tiigncrifd) (or tAufd)cnt) etmaS nacf)a]^mcn. 54. mir 'in my eyes' or 'estimation.' The waves seem to him to wear the colour of night, i. e. black, because they separate him from his love. 55. 5ll(c3 = attc. The neuter sing, of pronouns is often used collectively instead of the plural. — ' All were astir.' 57. ' They are already hoisting the sail.' 61. The main luggage was already on board, but the careful mother had prepared an 'additional' (nad^bcrcitctc3) packet, 65. Goethe is very fond of separating a dependent genitive from its noun by the interposition of a few words. There are numerous instances of tliis peculiarity in Hermann and Dorothea. — In prose we should say tu ladjcltcfl mtv j u. 66. tcinc ©cfcffcn tcr Sa^rt sounds somewhat strange instead of teinc SRcifcgcfal^vtcn. 112 DACTYLIC POETRY. 68. 5Katrcnc in the Latin sense of ' married woman.' 70. 3icrtc = Sd)mucf ' ornament.' 78. In prose the negation (ntc^t) would be placed before the pronoun (ic3(trf)C§). *Not every country produces such fruit.' 80. The * golden weight ' of the ripe fruits (chiefly oranges, comp. v. 77 and 86). — gcfchiir^t = aufvjefdjur;!. 85. gefcijicft (adverb) = deftly. 96. Thunder in a clear sky as an omen of good to come is quite in the style of classic poetry. Compare Virg. Aen. vii. 141, hie pater omnipotens ter eaelo elariis ab alto Intomiit ('Then the almighty father thrice from heaven aloft in brightness thundered ') with Prof. Conington's note. 97. The diction is here imitated from the \j2i.\\vi freqtientes laerimae ex oeulis deseendcrunt. In prose we should say »iclc ^^rauen ftiirjtcn mic au8 ken 2lui|cn. 9S. \^cr^3c'&n = ttcrfd)»)inten, or itntcrcjcrm. 99. Observe the impersonal expression t3 ricf, instead of tie Scute riefcn or iiumcr l^cfticjcrc^ 9tufen ty the Chalcidians of Cumae. Compare also Virg. Georg. iv. 563 sq. illo Vagilium me tempore didcis alebat Parthenope, studiis fiorentcm igno- bilis oti (' while I at Naples pass my peaceful days, Affecting studies of less noisy praise.' Dryden). The expression iipviijcr (luxurious) 23ufcn may be further illustrated by Ov. JMet. XV. 711, in otia natain Parthenopen (in the same way, Horace speaks of otiosa Neapolis, Epod. v. 43). The word 3?ufcn refers to the beautiful bay, at the head of which Naples is situated. 4. cntiDcfftcr ^Ijur denotes the azure sky free from clouds. 5. ficticiujcfiiijcUc 3inucn are the fortifications towering up on the seven hills on which Rome is situated [Palaiiniis, Capitolinus, Quirinalis, Caelius, Aventimts, Viminalis, Esquilinus). Hence Rome was called Urbs Septicollis. 6. tort should be understood, as if the poet himself were standing in the country and pointing to the various objects. 8. niit eft iDcitcntcm ®ang 'with a step that often lingers.' The scenes around are too suggestive and too memorable to be hurried over. 9. uncrwcdlid? ' so that it is impossible to awaken them any more.* 10. l^cgcn means *to retain fondly,' * to cherish.' The localities cherish (so to speak) the echoes of ancient times, and the very stones should be looked upon as monuments of such. 11. Comp. Virgil, Aeti. VIII. 319 s<\. primus ab aetherio venit Saiiimus Olympo, Anna Jovis fugiens et regnis exul ademptis. Ovid, Fast. I. 235 hac ego Saturmim memini tellure receptum ; Caelitibiis regnis ab Joroe pulsus erat. 12. gcni"igfamc3 didcp, *a limited reign,' parz'a regno. The adj. golttn refers to the common assumption that the golden age was in the reign of Saturn. 13. The Mons Janieulus is on the right bank of the Tiber. Janus himself is said to have reigned in Latium before the arrival of Saturn. NOTES. 115 Ovid calls him biformis, Fast. I. 89 (where he accounts for the pecuHariiy of the shape) ; Schlegel has, however, formed his epithet jtretrtirntij in imitation of Virgil, Aen. Vii. 180 lanique bifrontis imago. Janus was commonly represented with two heads, sometimes even with four. 15. Evander or Euander {^iiav^poi) was said to have settled in these districts, after emigrating from his native country of Arcadia : comp. Livy I. 5. 2 Eiiandrum, qui ex eo genere ArcadiDH inidtis ante tempcstatibus temient loca etc. Euander plays a part in the eighth book of Virgil's Aeneid. 16. AmpJiitryoniades is an exact reproduction of the Greek patro- nymic ^ AiJ.(piTpvuuici8T]S, by which Hercules, the son of Amphitryon, is designated. The legend of Hercules and Cacus is fully related by Livy, I. 7. 4 sqq., Virgil, Aen. VIII. 190 — 304, and Ovid, Fasti I. 543 sqq. 17. Hercules had killed Geryon or Geryones, a monstrous giant, who was the guardian of immense herds of oxen, and was driving them home to Greece. Geryon is said to have lived in Spain, iu 'I^-rjpig. (Pausan. iv. 36. 2). Hence Virgil, Aen. viii. 202, styles Hercules tergemini nece Geryonae spoliisqne sKperbiis. — 2tror;tad) alludes to the primitive nature of the original settlement, a feature often dwelt on by the Roman poets who love to contrast it with the later splendour of their city. Vitruvius II. i (p. 47 ed. Bipont.) speaks of the ancient Roman manner by pointing to the Romidi casa in arce sacrorwn stramentis tecta. 18. Pallanteuni was the name chosen by Euander in remembrance of the home he had left, the town of Pallantiitm in Arcadia, near Tegea. Pallanteiim was then said to have been corrupted into Palantmtn and Pdlatizcm. — gctfcncjcfluft is the saxis suspensa rupcs of Virgil, Aen. viii. 190, instead of which Livy uses the prosaic spelunca. — fd)Iu3 = erfd)(ug. In an archaic and poetic style we often use the original verb fdjkgcn in the sense of the compound crfcfjtaijcn ; comp. the E. * slay.' — rfldjenb, because Cacus had dragged the cows into his cave. 19. tct Stadjtmrn ©djrecfen 'the terror of his neighbours': see e.g. the description of the evil practices of Cacus in Virgil, 1. c. — In the same manner the adj. flammau^f)au*cnb is derived from Virgil's description, Vlil. 252, faticibits ingentem fuinum, mirabile dictu, Evof?iit, and 259 he calls Cacus incendia voviens. 20. cipftopifdj »crn)irrt 'in a confusion resembling that of the Cyclopes" of whom Homer relates that they had no common town, but dwelt in the recesses of the rocks. 21. tic (Scijcl au8 ^Pfirf^ien (whence Aeneas came) crfc^recHcn is a poetical, though somewhat artificial expression instead of tie 5Ipttc ciw:- 8—2 Ti6 DACTYLIC POETRY. *|3^i-i;gteiT fvim an. — Tiber, the god of the river, is represented as rejoicing at the arrival of the race who were destined to make the country great and powerful : he restrains his waves to give them an easier entrance into the bed of the river. 23. fccr ©ntfuljrcr tcr troifdjcn Sarcn is Aeneas who carries the Trojan Lares with him. 24. Tiber recognized Aeneas as destined (bcftimmt) to sow the ashes of Troy so as to become fniitful in imperial sway (2BcIt^crrfd)aft). In Virgil, Aen. Vlli. 31 sqq. Tiber is represented as comforting Aeneas and prophesying his future greatness, and ibid. 86 sqq. we have the source from which Schlegel has derived the thought of this passage : Thybris ea fliivium^ quam longa est, node tuvicnteni Leniit et tacita refliiens iia siibstitit tinda. Mitts (=jni(t, v. 21) nt in viorevi stagni placidaeqitc pahidis Sterneret aequor aqtiis, remo ut hictamen abcsset. 27. Rome's growth was not an easy work. Fate did all it could to prevent it : tantae molis erat, Ronianam condere gentcm. 28. 'Never was there a mightier (birth).' 29. ticl^cnb cr9(ul^n = tn Stcbc crgluf;n, amore exardescere. — Mavors was the original form of the name of the god commonly called Mars. — Xic vcfialifdjc Sungfrau 'the virgin priestess of Vesta' is Rhea Silvia, the mother of Romulus and Remus. 30. The she- wolf was reported to have given suck to the two babes cast away by their cruel uncle. — tic @tcr is here used in the sense of '§etj{^ungcr 'greedy himger'; this is said to have been (divinely) tempered down into motherly feeling (SJiuttcrttdjfcit) towards the twins. 32. Urbs RojHulea — the city founded by Romulus. 33. Hercules (who is the half-god alluded to here) is said to have killed serpents sent by Juno to destroy him. — 3leic() = fog(ctd>, directly after his birth. 34. unmuntig lit. * not having a mouth ' i. e. not being able to speak, infans. Comp. Florus p. i, 20 — 25 (ed. Halm) who places the infantia popidi Romani under the kings. — i»tc3 = fcciwteS, she gave signal proof of her great vocation. 35. According to Livyi. 7. i, twelve vultures appeared to Romulus. — fo is archaic and now somewhat pedantic instead of the relative tt?c(d?c or tie. 36. ftc fotttcn 'they were destined' or 'fated' to extend their flight over the whole world, — (kx'iha\i=^orbis terrarum. 37. hjuptc = ic»crPanb c8; note the difference between the simple infinitive in German and the English construction ' knew ]iow to despise death.' NOTES. 117 39. Romulus was said to have received any vagabonds and to have opened an asylum for all outlaws. Comp. Floras I. i, erat in proxunio Incus : /tunc asylum facit. Li\'y I. 8 locum qui nunc saeptus descendentibus inter duos lucos est, asylum aperit. See also Virgil Aen. VIII. 342, Ov. Fast. II. 1 40, Juv. VIII. fm. — The Lupercal was a cavern in the Palatine, connected by some of the ancients with the wolf {hipa) that suckled Romulus and Remus. Hence the robbers are styled lupcrcalifd;, because they lived on and about the Palatine hill. Hence the Lupercalia, one of the most ancient Roman festivals, said to have been instituted by Romulus in honour of the god Lupercus, and celebrated every year, on the 15th of February, in the Lupercal. See Diet, of Ant. — ter ©cncp is shortened instead of ©enoffc * comrade.' 40. wtnctc 33atcr= 'patres instituit,' i. e. he created a senate. — After- his death, Romulus was deified and called Quirinus pater. 41. cvfiuiicnb 'meditating, inventing' refers to Numa's laws; his genius is described as 'inventive' of laws. — I)ctm(idjc S^vrnffie denotes Egeria, who was said to have secretly bestowed her love upon Numa and to have advised him in his legislation. ' lUa Numae coniiinx con- iiliutnqtic fuit^ is the expression used by Ovid, Fast. ill. 276. 42. Pile (Numa) sacra et caerimonias omnemqtte cultiim deorum iinmor- ialiiim docuit. Flor. i. 2. 2. — We should observe the Latin pronunciation of the word Relf^ion, which is generally sounded in German as if it were trisyllabic {Religjon). 43. anucrf) is scarcely, if ever, used in prose, instead of tamal3 ncc^. — tviftiij, comp. 'thriftily.' They provided for their latest offspring by carrying out great works. 44. gcmeinfam means 'useful to the public' 45. The quadrata saxa of the earlier Roman buildings and works are repeatedly mentioned by Vitruvius in his work de architectiira. The peculiar manner of building without cement (Jvitt, ' caementum ') was once believed to have been derived by the Romans from the Etruscans, but is actually the primitive manner of most nations. 46. anfiujcu should not be mistaken for anfiiijeu; it means cine yuije aui^fiilku unb jiifammeu fialtcu. 48. i^UliiH-vE (comp. 'bulwark') = 'fortifications.' — fccc gcl3 daritot = * Mons Capitolinus.' 49. Since the first erection of these walls, many governments (i3?cr> faffun^cii) have come and gone — but these walls have remained. The plural tic ©cmaucr is not very common. 50. Of Ancus, the fourth king of Rome, it is related tnuro moenia ii8 DACTYLIC POETRY. (Vtiplexus est. Flor. I. 4. Tarquinius Superbus, the last king, is stated to liave commenced the erection of the Capitol with the spoils of the wealthy town of Suessa Pometia. 51. There is a historical inaccuracy in the arrangement of the names in this line. 2)ic 5)3ciU tc8 SLH'utuS (an allusion to L. Junius Brutus, who put to death his two sons for having attempted to restore the Tarquins) ought to be mentioned before the Decii, one of whom (the father) sacrificed his life for his country's sake in 340, and the other (the son) in 295 B. C. 52. v'i;->auvtcr = 5ul;rcr {duces) who stood at the head of affairs. The stories of L. Quintius Cincinnatus, who was called from the plough to the dictatorship, in B. C. 458, and Curius Dentatus who defeated the Samnites and Pyrrhus, but preferred his small farm to wealth and power, are often dwelt upon by the Roman writers as instances of aiitiqua or prisca virtus. 54. f^ifl * quietly,' i. e. without parade. 55. Even in old age the ancient Romans did not yield to ignoble rest, but kept on working to the end of their days. — 9iuttiijc3 2Utcr is, of course, said in the sense of riiftiijc altc Scute. 56. The wrinkles wrought in the honest forehead were considered the diadem of it. 57. iTcv ®tcrBUcf>cn 3cugcr, Trarrjp avdpQv, hominiini pater, is Jupiter. — JlBcltficrv = '^crc tcr 9Bclt. 58. These heroes of old were the worthiest representation, and, so to speak, reflex of the Godhead, in whose image man was made. 59. trangte = betvancjte. They were often beset with perils and dangers. 60. The reverence they had towards the gods preserved them from al)ject fear. 62. einfAftigc 513rlictt 'a simple duty' on which it was unnecessary to reason. 63. ^ciiw^ = voluptas or •ff^ovrj, which was considered the highest good {snvnmnn bomim) by many of the adherents of Epicurus, a cele- In-ated Greek philosopher (born 342, died 270), though he himself did not understand ■i]hov'i] in the sense of sensual enjoyment. — fliiijclii means ' to reason with excessive subtlety' or 'sophistically.' 64. C. Pabricius was consul in 282 and 278, and distinguislied him- self in the war against Pyrrhus, king of Epirus, who was the first that ever brought elephants into Italy. Pyrrhus used every efibrt to w in over Fabricius, but the unsophisticated and sturdy mind of the Roman was proof against all his seductions. NOTES. 119 66. SScji one of the most powerful and ancient cities of Etniria ; 'the Veientcs were engaged in almost unceasing hostilities with Rome for more than three centuries and a half, and we have records of fourteen distinct wars between the two peoples.' Diet, of Geogr. 67. The omission of the final e in ©cfc^icfjt' is rather harsh. 69. 70. cudj is dativus commodi, = 5U ciicvcm 23ortbci(. Carthage gathered all her treasures (f;at gemucfjcrt) merely for your use — as you were destined to conquer her and carry away the rich spoils. 70. Alexander the Great is called 'a drunken god,' as he deemed himself equal to the gods after the long series of victories he had gained, while at the same time he was addicted to the very free use of wine and committed some very rash acts prompted by drunkenness {Persepolis, C/i/2(s).— The empire created by Alexander was at last to become the property of the Romans. 71. More than one instance might be quoted in which the Romans were called upon to arbitrate (@c!)ictgrtd)tcr fcin) in the disputes between the kings of Asia and Africa, e. g. in the case of the Ptolemies, the Maccabees, the descendants of Masinissa, and those of Ilerod the Great. 72. Justice is represented with scales. Hence she is called 'even- handed Justice ' by Shaksp. Macb. I. 7. 10. 73. The verb ctnualtcn is not commonly joined with the dative; it is more usual to say ciucv ®a(f;e ruattcn, or cine Sacfjc vcrmalten. The end of this line is apparently a reminiscence of Homeric phraseology ; comp. Aios Ka,r a.p.vp.ova jSovXriP. 74. 'But you employ your great prosperity so badly that it serves as a theme for laying blame upon P'ortune,' who made you great, though you did not deserve your greatness. 75 sq. An evident reminiscence of Horace, Epod. 16. 2 sqq. suis ct ipsa Roma viribus riiit. Quam ncqt3 J^uf-3 is used in a collective sense; the jackal follows the traces of the horses' hoofs. 157. The strong and ferocious Ur ( = wild bull) of the Hercynian forest is used as the type of the strong and warlike inhabitants of the North of Ger- many who now break forth against the Romans. Comp. Caesar, Bell. Gall. VI. 28 : ta-tium est genus corum qui uri appellantur. hi sunt magnitudinc paullo infra elephantos ; specie et colore et figura tauri. magna vis eorum est et ynagna velocitas, neque hotnini nequc ferae quani conspexcrunt par cunt. — The Hereynia Silva was an extensive range of mountains in Germany, covered with forests, described by Caesar as nine days' journey in breadth, and 124 DACTYLIC POETRY. more than 60 days' journey in length. The name is still preserved in the modern Ilarz. 159. The pronoun cr should be pronounced emphatically, and hence it is used long. — rcijjt fiin, 'tears along.' The simile of the lie is still con- tinued. The wild hordes of the invaders break through all obstacles and impediments. i6r. tcm Siege t»ciiiicm = f»cqucm (Ici*t) 511 tcficvjcn. The beasts exhibited in the circus had already through their captivity lost half their native ferocity. 162. Bcifci^cn is more than fortcrn or verlvincjen ; it means to claim as a right, to demand imperatively. 163. The invasion of the Teutons took place at the latter end of the second century B. C. ; they were utterly defeated by Marius in the battle of Aquae Sextiae, a. 102 B.C. 165. Varas was defeated and killed by the Germans under the leader- ship of Arminius in the famous battle of the ' Teutoburger Wald,' A. D. 9. As he had experienced the valour of the German barbarians, his ghost is represented as hovering about the rearguard of the Roman army, pale with fear. 167. tic •s^immtifd^cn = tic 0ottcr. 169. Attila marched with his army before the gates of Rome, but retreated without entering the city — moved, it is said, by the prayers and entreaties of the Roman bishop, Leo I., a.d. 453. — cr miirtiiitc nic^t = cc ^iclt e^ fiir nirfjt tcr 3Jiii^c ircrtf), 'il ne daignait pas.' 170. Attila knew and appreciated German valour; hence he wanted the Germans to be his allies, while he was satisfied with imposing an annual tribute upon the Romans. 171. Carthage was then the capital of the Vandal kingdom in Africa. Genserich, the king of the Vandals, took Rome in 455 and his hordes plundered the city during a full fortnight. 172. Fortune is often represented standing upon awheel which turns very rapidly. 173 sqq. The framework of the sentence is — tra? ®ci).no..4''rovr>C5cit (fiat i76),...ic(jo gcfd;tcl;t'g (179). This is, however, amplified by several ad- ditions. 173. tcrt, at Carthage. Scipio Africanus minor is said to have quoted the celebrated lines of Homer (//. Z. 448), when bcliolding the burning ruins of Carthage, 146 B.C. Comp. Appian, Pun. c. 132 : 6 ^ATT/Tr/wj' Kapx'?5o>'a bp(av rbre dphrjv reXevrwaav eis TravuXeOpiav iax'^T-qv X^-yerat /jl^u daKpvaai. Kai (pavepbs yey^adat KXaiuv virkp TroXe/itwv* iirl tpoXi) 6' ii>vov% i^' iavrov yevo/Jievos NOTES. 125 TC KoX avviou)v OTL KoL TToXets /cat 'iOvr) /cat dpxo.^ dirdaas dei fxera^aXe^v, uiairep dvdpuTTOvs, 5aliJ.ova...{dTre) iaaeruL rjixap orav ttot 6\uAiq 'IXtos Ipr), Kod \\piap.os /cat Xaos ivp.p.e\iu} UpidfxoLO. UoXv^iov 5' avrbv ipop-ivov avv irapprjalg., kol yap t)v avrov Kal StSatr/caXoy, 6, Ti ^ovXoiTO 6 X070S, (paalv ov et:^ort = tI)oitd;t. — taS ©cliift is not a common word ; it means 'arbitrary longing.' 205. ubcr tern 3?atcacmac^, i. e. above the place which once contained the baths of the imperial palace. 207. The meeting of Aeneas with the Sibyl of Cumae and the oracles she gave him are described by Virgil in the sixth book of the Aeneid, Aeneas is, of course, the !Darbaniev mentioned in the next line. ao8. fan9 = cecinit, in the sense of 'prophesied.' 209. iccit ti ticrgcnnt i)l *dum licet,' 'as long as you may.' tocil is em- ployed in its ancient temporal sense, corresponding to the English ' while.' 211. The conception of the circular course of years (^rci^auf) is essentially classical ; compare Homer's irepireWo/jUvuiv iuiavruf and Virgil's volventibus aiuiis. 212. §an9 = 5l(?ftan3. In prose we should say beg 9l»cntinu3. 217. S3au = Jlov^^crbau, 'make of the body.' — fpccrcjlcicfjragenb Ls a com- pound probably not found in any dictionary, but easily understood by those acquainted with its component parts. 218. gcn;onifcf)e 3urf)t means descendants of the cows of Gerj'on (once driven here by Hercules). 220. bag uScnbc 9iop is an expression perhaps more easily understood than translated. The Campus Martins was used by the Roman youths as the place for all manly exercises, racing and riding on horseback. * The training horse ' should, therefore, be understood of the horse on which youths disport and train themselves for war. 221. We should understand, as if it were h,nc hjcnn baS SSotf fciitcr felt>tl I'potten trcfltc. 222. engcr 95crfc^r expresses the close and confined habitations of modern Rome as compared" with the large area once covered by the ancient city. NOTES. 127 224. The modern Romans have no independent claim to our notice, but merely as the present occupants of the soil on which the ancients lived. They are, therefore, ' beggars of the ancient time ' just as they beg their sustenance of those who come now in contact with them (Settkr beg Staged jiujlctc^). !Jag should, of course, be taken as a synonym of ©egenhjart. 225. traiifcu means here 'to provide with water.' Agrippa built the great aqueduct which even now supplies Rome with water. — !t^au is poeti- cally used instead of SBaffcr. So we have in Greek SpoVoy instead of vhwp. — The springs, which supply the aqueduct, are called iungftaulic^ on account of their purity and freshness. 226. Uiftigc 2Dcge, i. e. high up in the air. 227. •f ' in the re^d-grown morass/ but the poet has preferred the less com- mon and obvious expression. 229. ©tnb = aM:nn...finb. In the same manner we should explain the verbs in the two lines which succeed. The apodosis follows in v. 232, by way of imperative. — crneuertc !IcmVct are the modem churches of Rome. 230. Sepulcral urns of ancient workmanship are sometimes used as altars in modern Italian churches. They are said to be surprised at the use to which they see themselves put. 232. 2I^ii]^crrn = a?orfaf;rcn. 234. Ivy (kedera) was sacred to Bacchus. It is styled gcfcflig 'social,' because it likes to cling to some other plant and does not, as a rule, grow by itself. 235. eS lugt tic j?ccne 'it produces the erroneous semblance of a leafy top to the tree.' The tree itself is dead already, but being overgrown with ivy, it still presents the deceptive appearance of life. '^■■?>1' gcf^^liic ®vx6en are gifts which know how to please, pleasing talents. 239. In prose we should say tic tittenbc .^tiinfl. 241. Seiie ^cflentfdje J^ultiu refers to Greek art (Te'xi'i?) which had been transplanted to Rome. — ©cbilte is a more select word than JBitb, denoting a creation of art. 242. Instead of ttjtc? we should prefer crh.nc§ in prose. 243. fcicfjten (from Lat. dictare) does not merely mean 'to write verses,* but is also used, as J. Grimm {wort. 2, 1058) says, ' in ertvcitertcr i?ctcutun.] ttxv^vi ^(i}a]](i\, evtcnfcti, aUiJfinncn, anovtncn.' The word is in the present pas- 128 DACTYLIC POETRY. sage used of the inspired creations of a great painter. — Slct^ael {Raffdde)^ the great Italian painter, was born at Urbino in 1483, and died at Rome in 1520. — Itcbcnb means *in the spirit of a lover.' There is something exceed- ingly graceful and tender in all the creations of Raphael, and especially his female figures are endowed with a marvellous charm. — Michel Angela Buonarotti (bom at Chiusi in 1474, died in 1563) was great as sculptor, painter, and architect. His style is more grand and dignified (han Raphael's, but lacks the grace and delicacy of his rival's touch. 244. This is an allusion to the great dome of St Peter's at Rome, built by Michel Angelo, who declared that he would raise the Pantheon in the air. -245. tic erl^eitcrnbc 93tut:^c means the pleasing flower of art. Thus we have the phrase, tie Jtunfl ficl^t t;tcr in l^c^cr SBIut^c. 246. SBa^tfprud^ (ong- a sentence chosen by some one) 'motto, device.' 248. This is an allusion to an allegory preserved in an ancient painting thus described by Bachofen, Grdbersymbolik der Alten, p. 301 : 3n freicr Santfcfiaft fi^t, ten JRiicfen etnem au8 terfdjictenen 2?auttcf)fetten befle^entcn @eboftc jugefe^rt, auf madjtigem ©teinblcrf cin tArttger 2ilter, tcffen «§a(tung ten Jluatrucf ter JRu^e nad() »crrid(>teter 9lr6ctt unb ^ol^en fcterlici(>cn ©rnflc8 an fic^ trflgt. JDvi^ ©ettjant, "tai ten Stt)f'\ icerl^itUt, faUt in hjciten fatten ufccr ten 9h"irfen bcrab, unt Id^t, intern ti uUt tie 23ctne jufammengencmmen nnrt, tic a?rufl, tie Qlrmc unt Bette gijj5e un^erl^uttt l^er^ortreten. il'ie Stedjte teS 2Ilten ^It ein tangcS @ei(, ta? cin in gcringcr ©ntfcrnung gelagertcr @fel benagt, !Die Sinfe tu!^t taffig auf tern .Rnic. Sricte liegt uber ter ganjen ®cene. 63 ijl tie dln^t te3 Slbenl^i, tie StUe^i umfliept, ten 2ltten, taS %'i^m, taS ®e!^cftc. JliefeS ©tiflfdjweigen l^errfc^t. Sic Sauttcfigfcit teg @rabe€ fc^cint in ta3 SBitb utertragcn. According to Pausanias X. 29. 2, the earliest representation of Ocnos was by Polygnotus, in the X^(ic!>fcit. 275. The epithet i^cilig as applied to night is classical, in Greek we meet with the expression iepd vv^. 276. tcr ftrcBcntc ®cifl ' the mind that endeavours to soar upward,' with- out contenting itself with this dull world of ours. 277. etic @cfa^rtin is addressed to Madame de Stael, with whom Schlegel had travelled in Italy. 278. The eyes are styled ' a divine pair of stars.' 280. If inspiration can move to tears, sorrow and grief should be com- D. 9 I30 DACTYLIC POETRY. forted by observing that tears may have another and higher cause than mere disappointment or frustrated hope. -281. The omission of tcr at the head of the apodosis is anything but common. -282. uncjtSubigcr ■5ofin = ba3 ^olincn ctncS lliiglAuttgen 'the sneers of an imheliever.' — We generally spell $f;antom in accordance with the Greek origin of the word. ■283. t>cim @uten fca8 ©dfjcnc means * beauty together with goodness.' 287. The nouns SDiitt:^ct(cr and a}iittt)cilcrin are not at all common. ■288. The lips are styled ficgenb 'victorious,' because their speaking carries conviction into the hearer's heart. 790. This pentameter may be understood as an allusion to the fate of Madame de Stael. She had been exiled from France and many of her dearest friends had met with persecution at the hands of Napoleon. -291. rein fur ta3 ®anje, 'solely for the sake of the community,' without selfish thoughts. 293. ©trcng' is the accusative of the noun (Strcnge), not the adjective. The construction is to a certain extent absolute, as we should supply a verb like l^cgenb. — langmutftig with the dat. is poetical instead of gcgenut'et tern. 295. An allusion to Madame de Stael's father, the famous financier Xecker, who was twice minister of Louis XVI. and was at last undeservedly exiled. XVI. -2. In trim gardens Nature may be said to be domesticated and patiently submissive to man's hand. 4. The Titans would not obey the gods, but defied them in the proud consciousness of their native strength. They were represented as the sons of Gaea, i. e. the Earth ; comp. v. 6. 7. Oaks have not yet been submitted to the pruning and trimming of a gardener's hand : they are therefore said not to have been ' schooled ' by man. 10. With their immense arms, i.e. their branches, the great oak trees seize on space. ir. eu4> (dative) may be rendered by translating as if it were cure fon. ntge J?rone. 13. jcbcr cin ®ott, each as free and proud of his strength as if he were a god. 14. ©tnen netbcn is poetical instead of bcncitcn. 17. tofirb' should be pronounced short, which is, however, against strict rules. NOTES. 131 XVII. The subject of this almost dithyrambic poem may be summed up ni a few words. High longings, and quiet modest happiness. We long to soar up from this world into the high lofty ethereal regions, but in vain I our happiness must grow on mortal soil. 4. Ijimmlifd^cr Zxawl is explained in the next line, 'breath of heaven.' 5. The repetition of the pronoun (mir) is highly emphatic. — Dtem is poetical and biblical instead of 2ltf;em. — The child's breast is, as it were, just opening to the breath it drinks from the surrounding air ; hence the epithet fcimenb, which denotes a blossom just springing up. 9. For the adj. tcfcclcub we may refer to XV. 270. — lite JRc^ren Ui Sc6en« will scarcely bear a literal translation ; we might say ' the channels of life.' 12. The plant is personified by the poet and therefore endowed with eyes. In the same way, the shrub is said to have arms, which it is ' bash« ful ' in stretching out. 15. "We speak of Suftmette, 'wave of air.' 16, Properly it ought to be ein ubcrldfiigcS ©cmant. But the neuter suffix is often omitted in poetry and in rapid conversation. 19. <£ie bcgc^rcn ju tiv, viz. ju fommcn, which is easily supplied and commonly omitted. 22. The proud horse seems to rise from the ground and to lift itself into the air. The termination of this line is very emphatic, both on ac- count of the alliteration and because it concludes with two monosyllables. 26. The brook does not run on in a straight line, but it meanders from one side to the other, and is only now and then discovered among the bushes. 28. !Dte ettjtge ^allc bc8 95ater8 is immense space itself, which may well be styled the habitation of air. 29. JRaumcS is dependent on gcnug : 'satis spatii.' In prose we should, however, prefer the nom. 9iaum. — be5cid;nct = icorgc5etd)nct, 'prescribed.' 31. mcin should, be pronounced with a stress, hence mein -^crj may properly form the conclusion of the line. ^7,. ti njinft, • it beckons,' the neuter being used of an indefinite power, to which the poet himself cannot give a fixed name. 35. ter fcligc Jtnabc, 'the blessed boy,* is Ganymede, whom the eagle of Jove carried up to the gods to dwell with them for ever, 37. t]^orid;t, ' foolishly,' i.e. in foolish pursuits. 42. SDiccrcSput^ should be pronounced as a dactyl, though this is against 9-2 132 DACTYLIC POETRY. the strict nile. — frcicre (itncn denotes the free expanse of the sea; it is a \^Vi\.\\\\svci = liberioris aqitae campi, as Ovid has it in the beginning of the Metamorphoses. 44. J?icl may here be taken either in its limited sense or in its wider application. See note on i. 12. 45. The omission of c3 in the impersonal phrase e3 genugt ifim is some- what unusual, though not incorrect. — rcijt un?, 'entices,' i.e. 'attracts us.' 47. ©oltcnc Jtiif^cn : ' the golden shores ' are the golden borders of the sky, all around illumined by the sun. 48. bcimmcrnb is used in the general sense of * undefined, vague.' 49. btSulichc 3B03C : the bluish wave of air. 51. In prose we generally say Befanftigcn. XVIII. The isle of Capri is situated in the south of the gulf of Naples. It is about five miles long and two miles broad. Only in one place, in the north of the isle, is there a landing-place for small vessels. The Roman emperor Tiberius had built his final retreat on this rocky isle and lived there far away from human intercourse. At present Capri has about 4000 inhabitants, most of them fishermen, though some of them also cultivate olives and the vine. I. .§aj^ tu is a shortened conditional clause = n3enn tu...gcfefin Bafl. ■2. (x\i ^ifcjer, 'as a pilgrim,' i.e. a wanderer, or stranger, which is the original meaning of this word, being derived from the Latin peregrinus or Prench pclerin. 3. In prose we should perhaps prefer ctfpAIjen. 5. emi3fal;n is poetical and archaic instead of ernvfiingcn. 6. Salerno, a romantic town with the ancient castle of Robert Guis- card, once famous as the seat of a medical school, but now very much decayed. The gulf, on which the town is situated, takes its name from it. 8. Observe the expressive alliteration in the words tt»cgcnte SBittni^. 9. For the conclusion of the line with two monosyllables comp. note on XVII. 22. 10. mag=fann (which is the original sense of mogcn, as seen in the compound vcrnuHjcn). II. Here again we may draw attention to the powerful alliteration in braujl. ..tcftvintigc aSrantuncj. — bcftanticj = immcrn.n'i^rcnt', ' never-ceasing.' 12. iuTtvcrf, an outlying fortification. 14. Formerly the Algerian pirates were very dangerous to the inhabi- tants of the Italian coasts. Compare the following line. NOTES. 133 16. We should join gc^en \i\\ Stolj unb (tic) crfal^rcnc ©ecfunji ©ngtantS. It is quite in conformity with poetical usage to disjoin the two nouns by interposing the genitive. 17. !Dcr iJ^apcleonitc is Joachim Murat, Napoleon's brother-in-law, who was appointed king of Naples in 1809, lost his kingdom by Napoleon's overthrow and ventured his life in an expedition he undertook in order to regain his throne in 1815. He was shot by order of King Ferdinand of Naples. — !Dcr 9^a)?cIconit£ would properly mean 'a scion of the race of Napoleon,' but from the explanation just given it appears that it is here used in a wider sense to designate a mere relation of the family. 18. 5t>art^cnopc = Naples ; comp. note on XV. i. i\. (gtcigft bu l^crat) = iDcnn tu l^crabficigft. 11. The construction of the infinitive after gctra^rcn is rather harsh, instead of tu geica^rll, tap (or h)ic) cin Sct^ftiicf tcr SSrantung Urc^ Inctct. 23. It is in the manner of Platen to maintain the prefix before a verb in cases where it is generally separated ; e.g. here we have e3 anlc^nt fi* instead of cS Ici^nt fid) an. 25. In prose : cor tern jlurmtfd^cn Slntrang tcS 0)?ecrc8. ■26. i^r. Comp. note on xvi. ir. 27. irgcnb um;^er = trgcntn)o in bem ganjcn Umfrci?. 28. You can hardly say that these poor people are nourished by the land, for they derive their livelihood from the foaming waves. 29. ©efiltc are the arable fields and the pastures of the island. 32. The stony ground is called unnnrtfttid), ' inhospitable,' because it hardly yields nourishment to the plants growing on it. 33. The compound ©^aumclcmcnt is not found in the dictionaries, but may be easily understood. 34. We should observe that the subject of the sentence is placed between the two datives introduced by al3. 35. The occupation of each day is always the same. 38. fru^e, 'at an early age.' 40. In German SCcIpfiin is generally pronounced with the accent on the second syllable. But Platen is sometimes rather arbitrary in details of this kind. — roUcnb refers to that kind of dolphins commonly called * tum- blers,' Jummkr. 41. It is an ancient tradition that dolphins are fond of musical sounds. Compare the legend of Arion, whose life is said to have been saved by a dolphin. 42. The poet expresses himself very much in the manner of the pagan 134 DACTYLIC POETRY. ■vvrilers, in saying ein @ott. But perhaps he was thinking of the Italian 'saints' who have succeeded to the place of classical 'gods.' 43. The sea is called S^^icgct tti 2ScUaU«, because its waves reflect the uai verse. 44. lifpcln means 'to whisper softly.' Not even the slightest desire is said to have risen to the lips of these happy and contented people. — Observe the omission of I;at in the secondary clause. 45. In prose: cud? jut SScutc, or urn eucre a?cutc \\\ ircrtcn. 46. 6'ffcr in the sense of 'gourmand,' a delicate eater. 47. »eramntctt = umijch)antclt (sc. I^abcu). 49. The kingdom of Naples was a dependency of Spain from 1505 to 1 7 13, then became Austrian, and was in 1735 transformed into an inde- pendent kingdom under a branch of the Spanish Bourbons, who held it until the French Revolution and then again from 18 15 until i860, when they were driven away by Garibaldi. The English (a3rittcn) were, during the revolution, the protectors of King Ferdinand, who resided in the island of Sicily. 50. ©renjcn fccr 2Jicnfct>:^cit, 'the farthest boundary of human habitations.' 51. 3)a8 ©ctUift is not a common word : we say ciu jcrfUiftctcJ ©eflate. In Homer's Odyssey xiii. 361 Voss translates im ©etluft tcr bciligen ©wtte (/j-vxip dvTpov OeffTreaioLo). 52. In prose: cucrcS ®cfdjlcd^tc8. 53. ®t^ Itx ©tccnc: comp. note on xv. i. In remote times, the island of Capri may originally have been joined to the mainland, from which it would appear to have been separated by volcanic agency. 54. The emperor Augustus exiled his daughter yulia to the island of Capri, on account of her amorous intrigues, and immoral life (|"uBe iCerbtcc^eit). She spent there live years. XIX. Amalfi, a very prosperous and populous town in the middle ages, now a small town of 4200 inhabitants, is charmingly situated on the bay of Salerno. 4. We have here one of those absolute constructions so common in German, in which the verb is omitted. We might also say intern ju tfu Supen tag 23iecr Itcgt, etc. 5. ^xd) aufranfen is less common and more poetical than fid; I)inaufranfen. Grimm s. v. quotes the present line. 8, .Ralftufjjrottc is quoted from this line in Grimm's Diet. s. v. Jfalftuff, which is the spelling adopted in the dictionaries, but Platen's own spelling is the one adopted in our text. Lat. tophus calcarais. NOTES. 135 9, eingeljcnb 'decaying.' These images have ceased to be worshipped and are now going out of use. 12. bcfcfjmiiujcn 'to lend wings' (Sdjnjingcn) to something. — bli|5ugi9 = mit bli^cntcn Slugcn. 15. 'Giocare alia mora' is the designation of a game very popular in Italy, and thus described by lagemann, ai>cnn ^ivet 2i.nc(cr mcbr ctcr rvcni^cr ginger ju gtcic^cr 3cit aufvidjteu, uiit in tern *?lugcnblicfc, ta fie tiefcS t^un, jctcr rcu ibnen cine '^(xS)\. aufcjevidjtctcr Singer angibt, tie er glaubt, auf kiten ju fein. The Latin equivalent appears to be micare, comp. Cic. Off. ill. § 77 with Dr Holden's note. There is, of course, great quickness of eye wanted in order to judge of the number of fingers rapidly opened by each of the two persons playing at this game. Hence the expression mit ^iirtigcm Scf)arftlicf. 16. cinfac^ denotes the simple or primitive construction of the musical instruments. 20. ilitfe is said emphatically instead of (ibcnc or Z^;d. 11. S3rau'n = lHugenbraucn. 12. 9hid(>t = 3)unfet; his hair has the colour of night. 24. Time is the destroyer of all beauty ; its swift course carries all away. The poet is reminded of this truth by the appearance of decaying grandeur and beauty so common in Italy. 25. gcnjip 'unavoidable.' 26. kufttg 'hazy.' 27. In prose; ciner entlegcnen JBudjt. 28. The Doric columns of an antique building are called 93irtmcrf, a word here employed in the general sense of 'structure.' It commonly means 'imagery.' 30. gc[djaart = in (Sc^aarcn or fd^aarnjcife. 31. giftfamigcS Untraut=:llnfraut mit gifttgem (Samen. 32. abfaUcnb = abnjatt3 fallenb. 33. fic^ fcltfl fiinrctcijcnb 'self-contented,' as if the solitary majesty of the ancient temple of Neptune did not require any other companionship. The temple of Poseidon (or N^eptune) is among the ruins of the ancient town of Pacstuvt or Posuionia, situated about half an hour's walk from the sea- shore. 3e§t ifl fcaS llfct ote unb rcn fd)dHt*cr Suft tuvdjUinflct, abcr in tcr 6'infam!cit jlcl^t noc^ ein Stiicf ©tattmaucr, ragcn gvicd)if(^e JTcmpcl cm^^cr, tie grcpartigftcn antifcn *-Bautcn in ganj Stalicn: teS Stc^tun unt ter Sunc, im tcrifdjen ©tit, taju cine J^afiUca. I)icfe 2?autcn l^aben eincn (Sbaraftcr ron tcreinigtcr ©c^onljeit, ©r&aben^eit unb ©infadjfieit, gcgen ten tie etelflen @ebaute tc8 altcn 9iom fleinlic^ crfdjeinen. Daniel, Manual of Geography, p. 498. 36. intep, i.e. while this temple defied the destructive influence of time 136 DACTYLIC POETRY. and tempest. — The city of Paestum is in the time of Augustus repeatedly mentioned on account of the beautiful roses grown in its neighbourhood. No spring (Senj) has since then been able to reproduce this beautiful rose in the same district. 38. The poet becomes aware of straying from his subject. He returns from the contemplation of decaying antiquity to the active life of the modern inhabitants of the same soil. 41. *DJafanicIto (properly Thomas Aniello), a fisherman from the village of Atrani near Amalfi, placed himself at the head of an insurrection of the Neapolitans against the Spaniards, in 1647; ^e was, however, assassinated by his enemies a few days after the successful termination of the rebellion. 42. ®uata, the Roman personification of persuasion, the Greek Iladcu. 44. In the middle ages, Amalfi formed an independent republic. 46. It is difficult to decide which view is more charming, the sea-view or the inland scenery. 50. Sadjcn is generally used as an intransitive verb. But we may say Segen ladjcn, inasmuch as the smile of Nature is expressive of blessing. In this sense the compound jutad)cn is often used transitively : er lod^te mic fetnen @riip ju *he laughingly saluted me.' 51. gcfaUig = ©efalten crrccjcnb. 52. h)0 = rtio aud() immcr 'wherever.' 53. ®ctn 'existence.' The expression kaS irttfdjc Sctn is not admissible in prose ; we should say mcincr ©riftenj auf bcr ©vte. — au^lebeii 'to live to the end.' 54. In prose we should either prefer the compound JCoUmontmac^t or fine 10cm 35onmont) eri^ctttc 9^ad)t. 55. 53cfd)ranfung = 3uru(fijc503enl^cit. 57. ©rtcbereol^ucr is merely a sonorous substitute for the prosaic QKenfc^. 58. The usual genitive is tc3 9lorbcn8. 59. The thought is 'where my voice is answered by others in the same language.' XX. The poet himself has the note JBurano tfl ctnf gifdjcrinfct, ein ^jaar QKigticn ton JBenetig cntfcrnt. The young lasses are sitting together and making fishing nets for their brothers and lovers, and one of them who is waiting for her lover whiles away the time with talking of things that make up her little world of interest. — This is a genuine specimen of what the Greeks called dZvKKiov^ i.e. 'a small picture'; an artistic photograph of homely life and manners. I. mir is the 'dativus ethicus,' expressing the interest the speaker takes in the fulfilment of her request. NOTES. 137 5. In prose : treitct fici(> fdjcn 2l6enbgfnjo(f o^yxi. See our note on xviii. 23. 7. f]6ma(8 ' in times of old.' 8. iJtad^titje Stetne = (5tclfieinc 'gems.' 9. kie bfta^tfrfn Sifc^ec 'the aged among the fishermen.' Formerly these lucky 'finds' were more frequent than nowadays. 10. unb = unb \\xi(\x. — The proper arrangement of words would be unb xoatrtard)at?, ta8 in ber ncucficn 3nt narf) ®t. l^iarcu^ v^crfefet irorten. iTer 9taub tcr tenettanifd^ten 23rdutc fdftt tn'^ ncunte Sa^r^unbert : boc^ tourbe V\i jum llntergang ter JRe)?ubttf jafu'Iici^ ta^ 5eft gefciert, ta^ icncn SSotfaU i^er^errtic^cn foUtc. 5Dian naniitc c3 lafcsta delle Marie. 29. The girls were going to the wedding of one of their companions. 30. 3)tal^If(f)a^ means here *a wedding gift,' for the first part of the word we may compare the words (5U'maf;( and »cr=ma^Ien. 32. llntl^at means * a bad deed ' — a very common sense of the prefix un (comp. lln=!rant 'an ill weed,' lln=mcnfd) 'a bad man,' etc.). We should also notice the emphatic expression 1f;atcr tcr llnttiat 'doer of evil deeds.' 37. Doge (from the Lat. duce-m, ace. of dux) was the appellation given to the chief of the Venetian republic. 40. eTu-tid^ ' honest ' : an epithet intended to express the truthfulness of tlie old man's account. 41. The young girl's lover is so strong and active that he too would be able to do deeds like those of the heroes of olden times. — 5>ormeIt= 'men of yore.' 44. faf5igc SBaffcrfandfc instead of JIanAre fcn fat;;tgem SPaffcr. 45. «erfd)tamnit = tuvc^ Sdjtamm »crbort)cn. — 9{cbcn is here used in the sense of ' vineyards.' 138 DACTYLIC POETRY. 46. Platen himself observes as follows: S)cv ITom »on StorceHo hjarb tm 5a:^r 1008 gcgruntct. ©tnen attcn a?tfd?ofe|lu;^(, kcr im tJrcten flcl^t, nennt ka3 SSolt ten ®tu^t teS 5ltti(a 5UtiIa fpiclt u6cr[iau).it nod) immer cine JRcUe in 9»euetiij, unfr- tag fiarfitc unb gcnjo^nlicftfie Sc^impfnjort tafelbjt, fiol d' tin can, fdjrcibt fid) cl;nc 3ttjeifel »on t^m ^er. 3;;enn tie mctften ucnctianifdjcn G^ronitcn berii^ten un8, tap 2Uti(a bcr So^n cinc8 <5untc3 9Crt)cfcn. !Dicfe aJicinung bcrul^t auf cinec Sprad)t>er» weci(>glung, tcrcn fid) bcr iBoltef)a§ fcloS bcmad)tic)tc, tcun in ciuigcn 6l;roni{cn fintct man ben ^unnifd^cn Slutofratcn auci) orug of Plimera in Sicily, a celebrated poet, is said to have been born B. c. 632, to have flourished about 608, and to have died in 552, at the age of 80. Stesichorus was one of the nine chiefs of lyric poetry recognized by the ancients {Class. Diet.). — ®tmcnibc8 of Ceos, one of the most celebrated lyric poets of Greece, was invited to Syracuse by Hiero, at whose court he lived till his death, in 467. The chief characteristics of his poetry were sweetness and elaborate finish, combined with true poetic conception and perfect power of expression. 36. 36^cu«, the lyric poet, was a native of Rhcgium— just opposite the island of Sicily, on the Straits of Mcssana. The legend of the marvellous NOTES. 141 detection of his murderers is well known and has been made the subject of a very popular ballad by Schiller. — 5lcfd)t)tu^. the celebrated tragic poet, bom at Eleusis B.C. 525, left Athens for Sicily after he had been defeated in a tragic contest by his younger rival Sophocles ; he died at Gela in 456, in the 69th year of his age. — It is well-known that the ancients used to deposit the ashes of their dead in urns or sepulcral vases. 37. 5J3inbar, the greatest lyric poet of Greece, was bom at Cynosce- phalae, a village in the territory of Thebes, about B.C. 522. It is not, however, absolutely certain that Pindar visited Sicily, though more than one of his hymns turn on Sicilian affairs. 38. Theocritus, the celebrated bucolic poet, was a native of Syracuse and lived there in the reign of Iliero II. His fame rests on his faithful representations of nature and of country life. 40. The termination of the pentameter (SchjiUigctejl) is rather awkward. 41 sq. The poet means to say that, though aspiring after poetic laurels, he does not desire them for himself alone, but wishes to honour his country by adding new poetic treasures to her literature. XXII. This is a genuine iV^vXKiov — a small picture of a scene of natural beauty. 2. Observe the faulty trochee emc in the first foot of this line. — In prose we should say : man fann fic ntd(>t f^oner maten. 4. No neighbouring tree comes so near this beech as to touch its branches. 5. 3)a8 ©ejttjctg is the collective of tcr 3tuctg, just as ta^ ®ebirg is of ter 58crg. 6. fliU 'quietly'; the delight derived from the contemplation of the green grassplot is of a quiet kind, since the eye is not distracted by a great variety of colours. 7. gtcid^ 'equally,' i.e. to an equal distance. — umjirfcn is rare instead of umjiifein, i. e. to surround in a circle. 8. funfttc^, unassisted by art. 10. At some distance from the beech, high trees begin again to rise and prevent the blue sky being seen through their branches. 13. The poet lost in admiration of the new creations called forth by summer, strayed into the thicket and discovered this splendid tree. 15. The protecting deity of the wood is said to have listened to the footsteps of the poet and to have led him to this secluded spot. 17. The 'hour of noon' is called 'high,' because at that time the sun stands high above our heads. 142 DACTYLIC POETRY. 1 8. The omission of the verb h?ar is very effective in this place. — The bird had hid itself in the leaves and had ceased its singing. 19. The 'delicate carpet' is the grassplot. The poet expresses himself, as if he were afraid of spoiling the beauty of this natural carpet. 25. According to the belief of the ancients, the tranquil silence of noon was sacred to Pan, who was then said to hold his siesta. The expression bfimonifd^c ©tiffc may, perhaps, be understood with reference to this silence sacred to a daifiwv. 26. tnncrcr Sinn 'inner sense' is suggestive of the whole feeling and thinking within a human breast and mind. 28. etira^ ten!en means to have one's thought completely taken up with a certain subject. XXIII. An idyl almost epigrammatic in its brief and distinct description of a Greek monastery in ruins. It may be observed that the poet spent a con- siderable number of years in Greece. 4. nimmcr would seem here to retain its original sense of nie mcl^r. — ^twige Sam^c denotes the sacred lamp always kept burning in the chancel of a Greek church. 5. We say both ber dtcH and tie Quelle. XXIV. After his exile from Athens, Themistocles went to Asia and was gra- ciously received by the Persian king, to whom he offered his services. He died before he was compelled to serve against his own country. His ashes are said to have been secretly conveyed to Attica and to have been deposited not far from the frontier. r. ^ciS ©emcge or @ert)pg is the collective of tie 2Ccge ; see note on xxii. 5. 4. It was customary to pour wine on the ashes of the departed as an offering to the Manes. 7. !Denfftctnlc3 is a word probably coined by our poet; 'without a monument.' — ®p«itrot]^, the last glow of the setting sun. 8. 3}2at == JDcnfmal. — Themistocles obtained the victory of Salamis over the Persians, 480 B.C. XXV. I. I. ' If you have rid yourself of egotism or selfish feelings, you may safely follow the prompting of your soul. Then you need not be disturbed in your decisions by the doubting criticism of outsiders. ' NOTES. 143 3. ^aag = 5t6]^an3.— I;ie lliifcf)u(t) should, of course, be taken in the sense of ttr Unfd;ultiijf. 4. An allusion to the history of Daniel in the lions* den. 5. Even adversity furnishes the innocent with some 'sweet uses' and lifts them up to higher honour. 9. Alexander of Macedon is styled 'the powerful darling of Fortune,' on account of the great power heaped upon him by Fortune. 10. Alexander became so mucli intoxicated with his excessive fortune that he imagined himself to be a god, and forgot his human origin. He gave out that he was the son of Jupiter Ammon and commanded his subjects to adore him like a god. 2. I. ?fl^re=a3crf:^runi5 ; a precept which comes from outside. 3. unb luiir' c3 = jvciin t8 aud>...njarc. — c3 frommt mir, ' it benefits me ' = el gereicfjt mir jum Srommcn. 4. In order to profit by the lessons of another, you must have some- thing in your own soul to respond to it. 5. 'Miracles cannot be understood with the intellect, you must ex- perience them in your own person.' 6. 2Ba:^n denotes an unfounded opinion. All faith is merely imaginary, as long as the power of faith has not been operative within our very soul. 7. fcir=ju tir. Real faith should be like a divine inspiration, come down to us from above. 8. ein (ebcutiacr •^'auc^ 'like a breath of life.' — In prose : tic 3Jiacl()t lid) ju \3crn)anbeln. XXVI. Shakespeare was not only one of the profoundest investigators of the human heart, but he was also one of the most devout worshippers of divine Providence as manifested in the varying fate of men. All the great works of Shakespeare may be said to be an illustration of some eternal law of morality. 4. fctc 2)in9c, 'the world,' reruin naUirain, XXVII. I, In prose: njcnn tu SJicnfcfjcn liebcn hjitlfl. The poet has chosen to place QJfenfdjcn at the beginning of the sentence in order to enforce the antithesis to @ctt. The sense is ' Men are loved by knowing them, God is known by loving him.' 144 DACTYLIC POETRY. XXVIII. 1. In prose : in \t<^\6:)tvn. Swctg. 3. tcin tnncrjlea '>i.t\ii.x[. 'the very core of your life.' 4. gcjeitigt 'quite ripe, matured.' BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES ON THE AUTHORS OF THE POEMS CONTAINED IN THE PRESENT VOLUME. Geibel (Emmanuel), was born at Liibeck, Oct. 18, 1815, lived at Athens, 1838 — 40, and after his return to Germany, at various places, especially Munich ; he now lives again in his native town. Goethe (Wolfgang), bom at Frankfort-on-the-Main, Aug. ■zS, 1749, went to Leipzig in 1765, at Frankfort again in 1768, at Strassburg in 1770, publishes Gotz von Berlichingen 1772, Werther's Leiden 1773 and 1774; on Nov. 3, 1775 he arrives at Weimar, where he remained until his death, March 22, 1832. (See his ' Life' by G. II. Lewes.) HoELDERLiN (Johann Christoph Friedrich), bom at Lauffen, in the kingdom of Wiirttemberg, March 29, 1770, died at Tiibingen, June 7, 1843. MoERiKE (Eduard), born Sept. 8, 1804, lived at Stuttgart, and died June 4, 1875. Platen (August, Graf von P.-Hallermiinde), bom at Ansbach, Oct. 24, 1796, died at Syracuse, Dec. 5, 1835. Schiller (Friedrich), bom at Marbach, Nov. 10, 1759, died at Weimar, May 9, 1805. (See his ' Life ' by Carlyle.) ScHLEGEL (August Wilhelm), born at Hanover, Sept. 8, 1767, travelled in Italy, France, Germany, and Sweden, with Madame de Stacl, 1S05, was appointed professor of literature at the University of Bonn, in 18 18, and died there May 12, 1845. Voss (Johann Ileinrich), bom at Sommerdorf in Mecklenburg, Feb. 20, 1 75 1, studied at Gottingen 1772 — 75, lived at Wandsbeck near Hamburg till 1778, was 'rector' of a college at Otteriidorf till 1782, and then at Eutin till 1802, lived then at Jena and Heidelberg, at which place he died March 29, 1826. CAMUKIDCIC: Pian- 9aise, with a Biographical Sketch of the Author, a Selection of Poems on Greece, and Notes Historical and Philological. By the same Editor. Cloth, extra fcap. 8vo. Pri^e 2s. London : Cambridge Warehouse ^ 1 7 Paternoster How. THE CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS. 15 PITT PRESS SERIES {continued). IV. GERMAN. 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