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The Gardeners LabyrinthSj
OR,
.A N E W A R T
GARDNING:'
Wherein is laid down New and Rare inventions andlecretsof Gard-ning not heretofore kuown.
For Sowing, Planting, and Setting all manner of Roots, Herbs,and Flowers, both tor the ufe of the Kitchin Garden, and a Garden of plea-fure, with the right ordering of al^Dcleftable and Rare Flowers,and fine Roots; As thb like hath not been heretofore publifihed by any.
,Likewife here is fet forth divers knots for the beau-
tifying of any Garden for Delight.
Laftly,here is fet down the Phylical benefit of each Herbe,with the commodities of the W aters diftilied out of therein for the ufe and benefit of all.
Collcfted from the be ft: approved Authors, befides forty years experience in the Art of Gardning: By D. M.
And now newly Corrected and inlargcd.
London3 Printed by Jane Eell, and are to be fold at the Eaft-cnd of Cbrijl-Cburchy i 6• F'
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A TABLE EXPESSINC
the Contents of every Chapter
contained in this Labyrinth.
He fir ft devifingof Gsidcn plots,
| with then commodites in tine p.ift.	Chap, i
1 lit diligence required of aGatdener, and what increafe a well laboured caith yceldeth.	chap. 2
The chufing of a Garden plot,with the gboc'nelfe of the earth.	chap. 5
Of plainer infhttflions for tie chufing of a battle ground, with other inarrer ne-celfary.	chap- 4
Of the placing of a Garden plor, with the commodites thereunto belonging.
chap,5
What aire is ncyous to men and to plants, and whyaf aidtnfhould be placed nigh to the cwuers hor.fe, chap. 6 The form of ir.clcfurcs invented by the Romanes.	chap. 7.
The inventions of ereflirg a firor.g tiedge, for the defence of a Garden.
chap8.
The canfe why durgirg of Gardens Was mifliked in ancient tin e rear ur.ro houfes,and what dung is beft allowed for pot herbs.	chap. 9
Of the kinds of dung, and which is commended for a Gaiden. chap, 10
What is ro be confidered before the levelling of Beds.	chap. 11
Of the fiamir.g of herb?, w alks, and Allcs in a Garden.	chap.	12
The four) of dispofirg quarters, beds, and borders, with the fc,wmg, choice,and defence of the feeds, with the weeding of beds.	chap. 13
The artly difpofirg of beds for the inert afeof Kirchin herbs, with the witty defences to be ufed after the feeds are be-ftewed.	chap. 14
The workmarly dividing of beds, for rrots and herbs,	chap.15
The rate inventions for the defence of feeds committed to the earth, that »hey may rot be indamaged by Birds and creeping things.	chap. 16
The wirty helps for the Gaiden feeds to beimployed before and after rhefow-ing of them, left that they fhould bee haimed by outward or inward injuries.
chap.17.
Of the nature and eleflionOf fundry feeds, with the apt times commended for the fowing of Kirchin hearbj.
chap. s8 Cer-THE r
Certaine precepts for the Towing of deferable flowres and tender herbs, with the obfery4tions of the Moon- chap« ip The commended times to be obfcrvcd in the bellowing of feeds aod plants to earth, with the difcommqdities.
-	- -	- chap. 20
Of cerraine curious inftru&ioos, for the beftowing.of feeds ancUIairuy h^.-Ls.
, 1	‘ :	chap. < t
In what fpace of time feeds Committed to the earth in the increale of the Moon, commonly fhoct up chap.22 Whar diligence is to be had in .weeding of aGardeni	chap, 23
Of the times of watering beds, and what manner of water ought to be ufed for plants, with the inventions of veffels.
chap. 24
Of the removing of plants, with the breaking and flipping of fundry fers.
/ chap, 2$ Particular rules for the fowing,fctring, Watering, and ordering of feverall plants, roots, flowres, and herbs for Garderis.
chap. 2$
Here folIoWeth the ordering of the K.itchinjGarden, for plants,Herbs,Roots &c. and ,tirft for Cucumbers, Pitmpions, Musk Millions,Cabbages,Sc Colliflowrcs, chap,27.
Cerraine rules for the foViqg, plants ing, and fetting of moftdeleflable flowres
ABLE.
and herbs in ufe, for adorning a furnmer. Garden, or Garden of pleafure and -de-, light.	cHap. 28.
HerefoJIoweth the order of fowingand fetring of green and Twees herbs for die fummer Garden.	chap. 29,
To have a wall cf Rofemary of a gren height quickly.	Chap.30
t Cerraine injlruftions for the gathering ahd prefeiving of Kitchin Herbs and Roots, with flowres, dainty herbs," and Roots to the ufe of Phyficke.
chap.31
The Remedies which prevaile againft: Snailes, Canker.wormes, Garden fleas, and Earth wormes.	chap. 5 2.
The helps againft Garden Moles, Ants, Gaats, Fleas, and Frogs, wafting herbs, trees, and fruit,.	chap 33
Of rare pra&ifes againft Serpents of the Garden, and othervenemous things, himing as well men as Kitchin herbs^. trees, and fruits.	chap. 34’
Of the helps ag.iinft Scorpions, Todes* Garden Mice, Weafels, and all other-beafts, wafting herbs and fruits*
chap.
t Of remedies againft haile, lightnings, tempefts, and beating downe of Kirchin herbs, trees, and fruirs.	chap* 36
Of the helps agafqft frofts, blaftingof trees, mifts, and ruft.	chap. 37
TheThe Chapters contained ia the
fécond Part.
THeftcrersin fowing and removing the Garden Celewort , with the phyfick helps of rhe Coleworr, and diftilled water thereof.	Chtfp. t
The order of fowi.ng the Beere , with the phyfick helps of the Beere, and water diftilled thereof: '	chap. 2
The order in fowing or fetring of the Beete, with the commodities thereof.
chap. 5
Theorderin fowing or ferting of A-rage, with the Phyfick helps thereof.
ch3p. 4
The fowing and removiug of Sperage, With the phyfick helps thereof, chap. $ The ordering and fowing of Spinage, with the Phyfick helps thereof, chap. 6 The ordering at?d fowing of the garden Sorrell, with rhe phyfick helps o f rhe Sorrell and Pimpernell, and the water diftilled thereof.	chap. 7
The ordering and fowing of Lovage, andBuglofTe, with the phyfickhelps of them both, and the water thereof.
ebap.g
The figure of the Furnace named Bd' ncumMaria-	Fol.sg’.
The order of fowing, removing, and fetting the Marigolde, with the phyfick helps of Marigolds and Water thereof.
chap,9
- The ordering and.fowing Parfely, with rhe phyfick helps of Parfely, and the water diftilled thereof. chap. 10 The ordering and lowing of. Garden
i 0
and wilci running Tyme, with the Phyr ficU helps of Tyme, and water thereof.
chap. II.
The ordering and fowing of Mints and Holihoke,with the phyfick helpsof the Mints and Mahowcs , and warer thereof.	/ chap. 12
The ordering and-fovving of rhe Ar-tochoke, with the phyfick helps thereof.	chap.	13
The ordering and fowing of the Endive and Succory j with the phyfick helps both of them ind the water thereof.	chap.	14
The ordering and fowing of Lettuce, with the phyfick helps of Lettuce, and the water thereof diftilled. chap. 15 The ordering and lowing of Purfe-lane.	chap	1 <5
' The ordering and fowing of Chervil, Stallage, Taragoh, and CrefTes, with the phyfick helps of Cheivil and Garden Creffes, add the diftilled warers thereof*	1	chap. 17
The ordering and fowing of Bucires home, Srrawbeiry, and Muftard feed, withthe Phyfick helps of them all, and water diftilled from them. chap 18 The ordering and fowing of Leekes and Cives , with rhe Phyfick helps of the Garden Leekc, and water thereof.
chap,19
The ordering and fowing of the Onion,with the phyfick commodities of the Onion, and water thereof. chap. 20 ??	TheTHE TABLE.
The ordering and Cowing of Gtrlike, with the phyfick helps of Garlike, and the water thereof.	chap. 2 r
The inconveniences of Garlike out of Pliny..	fol-103..
The ordering and fowing of the Sea-lion, and S juill Onion, with the phyfick helps thereof.	chap. 2 2
Tf he ordering of garden Saffron, with the phyfick helps thereof. chap. 2 3 The ordering and fowing of Navews» with the phyfick benefits thereof.
chap. 14
The ordering and fowing of the Rape and Turnup, with the phyfick;helps of the Rape, and water thereof, chap. 25 The ordering and fowing of Radilhi with the phyfick benefits of Radifh, and the water thereof.	chap. 2<5
The ordering and fowing of the Parf* nips, and Carrets,with the phyfick helps of them, and the water of Parfnip.
chap, 27
The ordering and fowing of the garden Poppie, with the phyfick helps of Poppy,and the water thereof, chap.28 Thebrdering and fowing of Cucumber , with the phyfick commodities thereof.	> chap. ^9
The ordering and fowing of ^ the Gourd, with the phyfick helps of-the
fame, and the water thereof.	chap. 30
The helps and fecrets of the Pompons, Mellons, and musk Me lorn,with the phyfick commodities of the Pompons and Mellons, and the diftilled water of Mellons	Chap. 31
Worthy inftruftions about thef-tcing and fowing of fundry phyfick hearbs, fragrant hearbs and flowers, and of the bleifed Thiftle, with the phyfick helps of the Thiftle, and the water thereof.
chap.
The fetting and fowing of the hearb Angcllica, with the phyfick helps thereof.	chap* 33
The fowing of the hearb Velerian, with the phyfick helps of the fame, and the water of the hearb and root thereof.
chap. 34
The bellowing of the Bitony, with the phyfick commodities of the fame, and the rerrues of the warer thereof.
chap. 3?
The bellowing of Lovage, with the phyfick helps, and vertues of the water thereof.	chap. 3d
Tiie bellowing of Elecampane, with thephyfick helps of the fame , and the water dillilkd of the hearb and roote thereof.	chap. 37
F I N I s, T A B V L JE,I
T H E 1
Garden ers-La byrinth,
therein is laid down New and
Rare inventions and iecrets of
Gardening not heretofore known.
Chap. I*
The invention of Girden plot/, by whom firfi devifed^ and what commo ditiefound by them in time paß.
worthy Tliny (in his XIX. Book) reporteth, that a Garden plot in the ancient time at Rcme>\va.s none o-fcSp&j ther}then a fmal & fimple inclofure of ground,which fiSSjH	through the labour Sc diligence of the Husbandman,
yielded a commodity and yearly revenue unto him. But after years (that man more efteemed of himfelf, and fought an
£	eafier2	The Gardeners Labyrinth.
■ eafierlife) devifed and , framed this ground plot for the mind, as for pleafure and delight : as may well appear by that Epicure, bf whom Cicero malteth mention, in his book, Intituled, Uenatuv* Deorum, who livingat eafe, and conceiving a felicity in thé Garden, endeavoured firlt to place and frame the fame within the wals*, of AiljcnS}. which before 'as it fhouid ieem) lay open, and undefended in the wild field, and the culture of it not had in fo much efti-mation, as to place them nigh to their townes and houfes: For which caufe, doth limit, (by gobd realon) rightly attribute the invention of the deleftable Garden to him.' The "Garden plots, which the ancient Romans pofiefifed (as llinie rep orteth) were only fet about with trees, having a dead enclofure made onely of bufh-es, that needed repairing every year: in which efpecially were fown the red Onions,Coleworts, great Leekr, Creflês, great Mallows or holy Okes, Endive, Rocket, andfundry fallet herbs: In thefe they found fuch a commodity,as marvelloufly pleafed them, feeing they by injoyingthe herbs, fpared the charge of flefh,befides a daily profile that they got, by the herbs brought to the City to be fold. The meaner fort of that time fo little cared and efteemed the eating of flefh (who in generall accounted it a kind vf reproach, to be known to have eaten flefh) that they refufing this taunt, did (as to a fhambles or frefh market) haunt daily to the Garden.
Columella reporteth, lib. 10. that the ancient husbandmen fo flenderly looked unto (or rather forced of) Gardens, that they in farthering the grouth and yield of their fruits and herbs, bellowed fmall travel and diligence. And as they appeared negligent in their labours of the Garden, fo were they wellpleafed with a mean living, infomuch that the common fort fed and lived willingly on groffe and fimple herbs. But after the age and people were reformed, and brought by the inftru&ion of the Epicure, to a more delight of tfcemlelves in-coveting to feed on dainty herbs and Sallets, wjth meats dele£hble,and taking an earnefter care for the plejfing of their mouths, they laboured then to become skilful, and toufe a greater care about che ordering and apt dreffing ofGarden plots,by wel fencing and comely furnifhing of their ground, withfundry needful 8tdelegable trees,plants, and herbs; in which travels and diligence of the husbandmen, fo good fuccefle and commodity en-fuing, procured not gnely the willing carriage of herbs, fruits, and , other commodities far ofifto be exercifed unto Cities and Market
townesThe Gardeners Labyrinth.	3
townes, by which thefe through the fale obtained a daily gaine and yearly revenue, for the aid of their houfhold charges, but allured them alio to place and frame Gardens, as well within Cities and Towns as fall by, that a coft beftowed, might after poflelfe the procreation and delight of minds, befidesthe proper galnemade by the fruits, flowers, and herbs, gathered in them. The Garden plots at length grew fo common among the meaner fort, that the charge and the chiefeft care of the fame, was committed unto tk e wife, infomuch that thefe accounted not the wife of the houfe to be a hufwife indeed, if (he bellowed not paines and diligence, as Cato reporteth, in the weeding, trimming,and drefflng of the Garden : but to be brief,and leaving further to report of antiquity, 1 thinke it high time to declare the effefts and commodide of this worke taken in hand ; and firft to treat of the care, helps, and fe-crets to be learned and followed in tbe Garden ground : All which in a pleafant manner, (hall after be uttered in diftinft Chapters, to the furtherance and commodity of many Gardeners, and all filch having pleafure therein.
Chap. II.
What are and diligenceis requiredtf every Gardener: to thefe, what in. creafe and commoditie a well laboured earthyitldtth.
THe husbandman or Gardener fhall enjoy a mod commodious and deleft able Garden, which both knoweth, can, and will orderly drefTe the fame: yet not fufficient is it to a Gardener, that he knoweth, or would the furtherance of the Garden, without any coft bellowed, which the works and labours of the fame require 5 nor the will againe of the workman, in doing and bellowing of charges, (hall finally availe wichout he have both art and skill in the fame. For that caufe, it is the chiefeft point in every faculty and bulinelle to underlland and know what to begin and follow; as the learned Columella out of Vjrronianm Trcmelliuf aptly uttereth. The perfon which lhall enjoy or have in readineffe thefe three,and will purpofely or with diligence frame to him a well drefied Garden, (hall after obtaine thefe two commodities, as utility and delight the utility yieldech the plenty of herbs, flowers, and fruits B 2	‘	JSS right4	',	Thé (ìàrtièftèr* hulyfikthn
light dele&able 5 but the plèafuré bf the famé procureth a delighr,. and (às Vatrà Writéth) a jucùndky of mind* For that caufe a Garden mall workmaiily béhaftdlid^ and dréffed ùnto the neceflary ufè a fid commodity of mans life, next for hfcjlth, and the recovery of fhength byficknefle feebled^ as the fingular ValadiM Kutilius both learnedly Uttered, and thè skilful FlcreMiur, that wrote bùhhingly of husbandry ih the Gr&ke tongue, Certain years before him ? LalHy, b'y fight unto delegation through the fragrancyof ftaell ; but molt bf fell, that thè fame may fûrnifh the Owners and husbandmans table, With fundry feemely and dainty ditties to him of fmall coft. Thè Garden ground (if the fame may be) ought rather to be placed fiehr hand* whereby the owner or Gardener may with more calè bé partaker of fuch commodities growing in thè Garden, and both oftnèr fèlbrt, and ufe diligence in the fame. So that this is the whole care and duty required of every owner and Gardener in their plot of ground. Yet may I not be unmindful,that thè Garden doth require a dunging at the apt times, of which in the proper place we lhall after treat.
Chat. III.
tyhat confederation	arid chobfingu tob in any Garden-plot) with tbt
goodneffe and xvortbinejfi of every earth.
AS’to the nature and good nefs of a Garden ground,that efpeck-ally that ought to be efchewed, is bitter & fait earth of taft, if fo be we meane to make a fertil, commodious and well yeilding ground: for thefe two natures of earth, were very much difliked in ancient time, as may appear by the skilfull Poet P/rgi/, who fayeth that every earth is not allowed or commended, for the yeeld of Garden hearbs. For which caufe,. the mind of the ancient Huf-bahdman is* that the Gardener by taking up a clod of earth, ftiottldardy ttie the goodnefsofit after this manner : inconfider-ing whether the earth 6e neither hot and bare, nor leane by fand, lacking a nfixtUre of perfeft earth: nor the fame found to fee wholly chalk, nor naughty fand ; nor barren gravel*nor of the glittering pouder or duft of a leane ftony ground, nor the earth continual raoift 5 for all thefe be the fpecial defaults of a good and perfect
earth*The Gardeners Labyrinth*
*
earth. The beft ground for a Garden, is the fame judged to be, which in the Summer time is neither very drie, nor clayie, nor fandy and rough, nor endamaged with gaping*, procured by heat of the Summer, as the worthy Didimus in his Greek inftru&ions of Husbandry writech. Wherefore the earth which in fummec time is wont to bed rie, either perifheth or lofeth all the feeds fbwne, and plants fet in it, or yeildeth thofethin, and weak proving on the ground. For the clayie ground of it felfe, over-bind-eth: but the Tandy and rough, in a contrary manner: fo that neither is wont to nourifh plants, nor retaine water. Therefore an apt earth for a Garden, (hall you readily trie and find out, if the fame thorow wet and diffolved with water, you (hall fee to have a much clamminefs and faftnefs. In which ground, if a watrinefs fhall exceed, then {hall you judge the fame difagreeable and unfruitful: if diffolving the earth with water, you (hall find the fame very clam-mie, or much cleaving to the hspid and fingers as if it were wax, this earth fhall you account as wholly unprofitable. Pliny willeth that a Garden plot before all other matters done to it, be very well clenfed of ffone, and to thefe, that the earth prove not full of chaps, or bat few to be feene, left the Sun beames entring beitveen, may fo fcorch and burne the roots of the plants. For which caufe, the beft and gentle or worthieft earth fhall be chofen,in which you mind to commit your feeds ; or for the fame, that thenurfeas a Mother, may often agree to the fruit,- or yeild to be an aider and furtherer to it.
Certaine plainer infrutiions, much furthering the Gardener, in the kporvledge and choice of a good and battle ground, n>ith other matters necejfarie.
THe Gardener minding to trie and know a fat earth, for the ufe of a Garden, fhall worke after this manner: in taking at little-clod of tbc earth^nd the fame to fprinckle with fair water,kneading it well in the hand: which after appearing clammie, and cleaving or flicking to the fingers,doth undoubtedly witneffe that earth to have have a fatnefs in it. And other trial of a battle earth may
Chap. IV.
be6	The Gardeners Labyrinth.
be thus purebafed, if you dig up a rotten clod, in a manner black, and the fame able enough to cover it felfe with the growth of its own grafs, and appearing alfo of mixt colour, which earth, if it be found thin and clofe, may well bfe fattened and made clammy, through the adjoy ning and mixing of a fat earth to it. The Garden ground doth alfo require a fweetnefs to conlitt in it, which the Gardener iliall eafily find and know by taft of it: if fo be he take up a clod of the earth in any part of the ground which moft mif-liketh him, and moittning the clod with faire water in an earthen j/otlheard, doth after the dipping of the finger in this moift earth and water, let a drop foftly fall on the tongue, he fhall incontinent feele and perceive ( by reafon of the tatte ) of what condition' the fame is. Further, every fat earth being reafonably loofe, is evermore commended and chofen, which of it felfe requireth final labour, and yeeldeth the moft increafe. But worft of all others is that ground, which fhall be both drie and grofle, lean and cold. In the kind« of ground, the chalk is to be refufed: which properly the ancients name the clayifh, and reddifti earth. The worthy 'Varro commended the fame ground, which of it felfe being drie arid pliable, yeildeth properly walworts. The fame earth doth Columella greatly allow, which of its owne accord yeildeth or bringeth forth Wilding or Grab-trees, young fprings, the Slow or Bulles trees, Elme trees, and fuch like. So that a battle ground, is on fuch wife found and known : the rather of the crefcent things, feene in x h of its own accord: yes of neceflity may every ground well agree, to be mixed and turned in with dung. Florentius uttereth an o. ther trial of a fruitfull ground : if fo be the Gardener diggeth up a furrow, of a foot and a halfe deep, and filleth the fame againe with rs owne earth, which in fhort time after gapeth or chop-peth, this nO doubt is a weakeand leane earth j but if the earth thus ordered, fwelleth o£ retcheth out,then is it a fure note, that the fame is a battle and fat ground. And this is noted to be a meane earth, which after the digging and raking even, gapeth but a Iirtle. This I thought not good to be covered, nor willingly over patted: that a Garden plot fituated or ftanding near to a mote, or compafled by a mote,’ is not alwaies laudable, in that the feeds bellowed in the fame,and divers plants fet in it, doe lightly and loon through the water vapourating forth, wax old: yea the fruits (whether thofe fhall be of the hearbs) are trees or for the moreThe Gardeners Labyrinth-	7
part caufed unpleafant, and overmoift. Further conceive, that a Garden ground, ought to be of a moderate increafe, and eafie drefling: which neither is very moift, nor over drie of itfelfe. To thefe fuch a earth is greatly commended as being’ digged, Bird* covet to it: and that Crows efpecially follow the newcalting of the digger. If the earth fhall be round naughty or unfruitful, as the clayie, Tandy, and chalkie, then ought the lame to be amended, after the mind of the skilful!, with marie and dung laid three foot deepe, and well turned in with the earth : if this be perceived over' thin, and leanc, then to be mixed and holpen by a fat earth : or to a barren and over drie ground, maybe mixed a moift and very fat earth,. A watery ground is made the better, if the fame be mix*-ed with a fandy or fmal gravelly earth, and deep Allies made, for the conveying and fhifting of the water falling in the night. But to ufe fuch tedious paines in theft, Pliny accounteth it a madnefst for what fruit or gaine may be hoped after, in bellowing fuch a travel and diligence in the like ground plot i To conclude, every reafonable earth may very much be hoi pen,through the wd dunging and labouring of the Gardener: of which matter (in the proper place ) we meane fully to treat*.
Chap. V;
Of the facing and fianding of a Garden plot, with' the nectjfary benefit-of a water to aGarden3 and other matters profitable.
TTis right necefiary (faith Vafrof to place Gardens near to the City, as welfor the benefit of Pot-hearbs and roots* as all'ajan-neroffweet fmelling flowers, that the City greatly needeth. Were thefe placed in a-foile far off, that they cannot fo conveniently and in due time be brought to the Market to be fold, in fuch places they are altogether difallowed,& thought frivolous for the turne. Cato doth very much commend the Garden plot placed near to the City, in which bo: h young trees to beare up Vines,and Willow or Ozier trees be planted nigh to water fides, and in all places watery: and that through the Garden ground, water or fprings be feene running.To thefe the feeds of mofl hearbs committed into a wel dunged, drefled, and faire or large open plot, in which beiides8	TheGardeners habyrimb.
all kindes of fruits, for the ufe of man, wot kmanly planted and Pet in apt times of the yeare, Flowers, and all manner of round and dele&able roots, with the fweetand pleafant fmelling trees5 as all the kindes of the Rofe?, the fweet Iacemine, the Eglantine brier, the Mirtle t/ce, and all others of like lort> be fowed and planted in due feafens of the yeare. But a Garden plot, onely ferving forthe ufe of Pot-hearbs and the Kitckin, ought efpecaally to be a battleground, fuffirient moiftof itfelfe, and well turned in or workmanly laboured with dung. Garden plots ought to be placed far from Barnes, Hay-lofts and Stables, if the fame poflibly may be refuted,orotherwifechofen for the turnej that in thechaffeor dull: of the draws ( as enemy to them) the plants hardly brook and Puffer, infomuch that the very draws blowne abroad with the winde, and falling on herbs, do greatly annoy and harm them, as the Angular Florentius in his Greek inftru&ionl of Husbandry skilfully uttereth. For thefc, faith he, by cleaving to the plants in the falling, pierce the leaves, which once pierced, are incontinent burned with them. All Gardens as wel profper by the dunging with with roots, as with the proper dung allowable : yet dunging the Garden earth, with the branches and leaves of trees, is of the skil-full Gardeners very much difallowed, as unprofitable and noyous to herbs*
As to the wel Handing of a Garden behooveth the apteft and mod laudable'placing of a Garden plot ftull be, if the plain ground lying (omewhat aflope, that have a courle of fpring water running thorow by feveral parts. But this courfeof water running thorow the Garden plot, may in no wife be big. And the fmalnefie of the labouring and drefling of a Garden ground, is more likely to yields fruit then the largenefs-of it, not laboured in a manner at all.
It behooveth to have a Well or Pump in a Garden, unlefs Pome running water, as either ditch or fmall River be near adjoyning ; ^for that a fweet water fprinkled on young plants and herbs,giveth a (pecial nourifiiment. If a Well be lacking in the Garden, then dig a deep pit in fome convenient place of the Garden, to draw water out of the lame. For a Garden ground rieedeth often to be watered, through which all feeds committed to the earth, iiTUrg reporteth, both fooner break forth, and Ipeedier fpread abroad. That a pit with water of long continuance may be purchafed, the Paine at that time Columella willeth to be digged when the Sun (hall V	obtainThe Gardentrs &abyritnfyf	p
obtainc or occupy the laft degrees of Virgo; which is in the moneth of September, before the equino&ial barveft., For the vertue then of wel-fpring*are throughly tried and found out ; at which time through the long drought of Summer, tho( earth 4acketh the due moiftureof raine. If a well, or pit to purpofe car.notbe made in the Garden* then frame up a fquarepit or Ceftern Jeveiledin the bot-tome with Brick and Lime to receive the Raine-vrater falling* with which in the hotteft Summer daies, you may water the beds of the Garden. But if all thele manner of helps and \yayes Iball faile the Gardener, or cannot wel be compared ip thf Garden ground, then {hall he dig the ground after the mind of Palladia Rtailiw, three or four foot the deeper or lower. For the beds on fiich wife ordered, being workmanly laboured and fowen, may the better endure through the low landing, the whole drought of the Summer daycs. In the Garden ground btfides, this fliall youobferve* that when the Allies or pathes of the bads be cvtr cloyed with water, to dig deep gutters here and there after your difcretion, in fuch order, that the water falling and running along, may be guidtdinto a convenient pit, made at the lpwer fide or end of the Garden, for that onely purpofe*. Here further learn, that what Garden plot the nature of the moHhire helpeth n. t, the fame may, you aptly divide into parts, in converting the fpace?,-digged and drefied for the Winter time to lie open to the South, and thofe prepared for the Summer time, like unto the North quarter»
Chap» VI.
fVhat oire commended for the benefit of a Garden, and which be ntyous weU to Man at the Plants-, andthe reafon. why Garden plots ought to be placed nigh to the owners houfi.
EVcry ground-plot lying near to the City, as well the Garden as Orchard,ought to be placed near to the houfe,for the oftner re-courfe and diligence to be bellowed ofthe owner; and the Garden efpeczally to be laboured and wel turned up with dung: through tvhofe juyee and fatning, the earth may yield herbs of her own accord. As touching the aire commended for a Garden, the fame being clear and temperate is bed allowed, in that this not only che~ C	rifhethto	The Gardeners Labyrinth.
ri ftieth and profpereth the herbs growing in it, but procureth a delight and comfort to the walkers therein. An evil aire in the contrary manner, troubled with the vapours of (landing pits, ditches, and fuch like mixed to it, doth not only annoy and corrupt the plants and herbs growing in that Garden faftby, but choke and , dul the fpirits of men, by walking in the fame. Befides, the winds biting,and frofti mor tifying,do both harm and deftroy Plants./fz/i-cen writing of the aire, doth in skilful manner utter, that the fame aire, which after the Sun fetting is foon cold, and after the Sun rifing fpeedily hot, is both fubtile and healthful to man. So that a contrary aire to this, worketh the contrary to man and Plants. Yet that aire is accounted worfer,which feemeth as it were to wring or bind hard together the heart; yea, making ftrait or letting the attrattion of aire. The learned Ncapolitane Rutilius3 befides thefe reportechythat the fubtilenefs or healthiness of the aire, do declare thofe places free from low vallies, and llinking mifts or fogs in the i night, that might annoy both men and the plants. Here it doth not much difagree from the matter,to write in general of the qualities of the winds, and of thefe in the briefeft manner, Firft, the Eaftemly and Wefternly winds be in a manner temperate of quality, as between a hutnefs and cold neffe, yet of the two, the Eaftern-. ly winds be known drier. Further, the Eafternly winds are for the «ore part hotter then the Wefternly, and the Wefternly by report of the ancient, (oraewhat more moift then the Eaftemly, Of all the winds for the benefit of the Garden, is the South-weft wind efpt-cially commended s a? the worthy Florenriw in his Greece rules,and others experience affirme. '
Befides thefe, as unto the clemency or temperatenefs of aire, and healthfulnefs of the place belongeth, a Garden plotin cold Countries ought in a contrary manner to be placed, either to the Eaft or South quarter, if the fame be fuch a plot of ground, which both containeth trees and plants, or herbs coming up in it, left the Garden plot excluded from thefe two parts>by the objeft or (landing a-gainlt of feme moft great and high hil, be fo nipped, frozen, and withered, with the extream cold long continuing, or the Garden plot otherwife far diftant from thecomfortof ihe Sun on the North part, or elfe the Sun only fhininglow and weakest the Weft quarter of the (ame : The lingular Cato wilieth, that the Garden, if a man can, be placed at the foot of an hil; and the fame beholding . . '	orThe Gardeners Labyrinth.
it
or lying open to the South, efpecially in a healthful place. For a Garden plat thus defended by an high hil, on the North part, and all the day comforted by the open face of the South quarter, is procured to yield the fweeter and timelier fruits, in the fealbns of the year. But in hot Regions or Countries,, the open place of a Garden ground muft be rather feituated towards the North quarter, which may through the like Handing, availe as well to health of body and quickning of the fpirits, as to profit and plea-fure.
This beOdes conceive,that the placing of a Garden ground, near to a Fen or Marfli, is every where to bemifliked and refufed s if the fame lie open towards the South or Weft, and yearly in the Summer time is accuftomed to be dry 5 for on fuch wife happening,, the aire thereabout gathered up,doth in the falling again,engender either the peftilence, orwicked vermin, much harming the Garden plot lying nigh to it. There is alfo a great regard to be had to the water, mote, or ditch, Handing nigh or round about the Garden ground ; whether this for the moH part be wont to vaporate or breach forth any noyfome aire,that may both to men & the plants be harmful. For peculiar and proper is the fame (or rather fuch is the propertie) of very many Hill waters and Motes. So that ic is the counfcl of the skilful (if any like be known) to refrain from placing any Garden plot or Orchard, if the owner may chufe, near to ✓ the fame.
The forme of the Incloftereiy tvhicb Huf bondmen and Romans in time paß invented
Orafmuch as the fame may be thought a meere nudnefs,to have
chofen out a fit plot of grounded to caH, digge, and drefle ic feemly in all points; yet lying open day and night, as wel to the incurfions and common haunt, as the injuries to be wrought and done by Robbers or Thieves,fowls and beafls; for that caufe I here mind to treat of fundry manners of fencing,and compafling irvpf the Garden grounds in ancient time. FirH, the skilful and wary Husbandmen in time pafl, being thofe of good ability, built them
Chap. VIL
C 2
waktz	^htQfrdemwfcab)rinib,
wals about oF Free-ftone artly laid, arid mortered together, and fotne did, with baked bricke like handled. Others of lefler ability, and of meaner fort, framed them inclofures, with Hones hand-foroely laid one upon another with morter or clay; and fome of them couched the brbad fait Stones, with other bigge and large Hones Q in like order about) where fuch d wel by quarries of Hone. Bat very many of the bafer and poorer fort, made them fences and •wals about, with mtodde of the ditch, dung, chaffe, and flraws cut fiiort. and wel mixed together. Others there were, which with *	biggeGanes fet upright, by fmal poles bound together, fo fenced
their Garden plot, in hand fome manner round about. Some alfo with young Willow trees, fet by certainediftances, and thedrie Jblack thorne ( purphafed from the wood ) being Bound in ( between- the Fpaecs) To framed their inclofure: but this manner of inclofihg wroughtfrr btiilt	Art, the skilftsller named a dead and
rough iricldture, made efpecially for the keeping and defending of Ca;tel out of the Garden ground. Yet the hedge or inclolure erefted after this manner, requireth every yeare to be new'repaired arid bound Up in the places needful, to the tedioufhefle and great Raines of the Hus bandtuih. ’	* ' ; *
: The learried •Columlla Iri hii Husbandrie reporteth, that the ifaw^e/in time paft, fehced and inclofcd their Garden grounds, with big quarters fet upright, and poles with laches, very thicke _ faftned to them by fmal rods ©f the Ozier tree, walling them in. Some bored large holes thorow big bodies or flocks of trees, that quarters or great poles made for the jpurpofe might pafle thorow them, either by two or three together, in reafonable diftance, with paile bord railed and fattned along to them. Some alfo through the Timber of trees,( fet into the earth) faflned big poles or long quarters round about,much like to the ufual Cattel pounds in our age. . But fome attaining to more skil, ere&ed as Varro reporteth,' a natural inclofure, fet about with black or white . thorrie trees, and young Willows; which had befides the roots of a quick fet hedge, that in time growing up, withftood tempefts, Tvindcs, land-floods, yea .fire the confumer of all things put to it. The ancient Husbandrrien did befidesthefe, invent the calling up of banks and couritermures of earth, round about the Garden plot, much like to the trenches in time of war about Bulwarks and Tents : and thefe they fpecially made neare to high waies or by
Rivers,TlIxs Gardners Jjabyrjfitfr.	13
Rivers, or Marfhes, or Fens lying open, or other fields, that the Garden plot might on fuch wife be defended, from the damages and harmes both of Theeves, Cattel, and Land-floods.
For a plainer conceiving of the abovefaid, learn thefe following ; that the ancient Husbandmen did caft up, and made a deepe ditch about their Garden ground (Handing in the open field) which tnight receive all the raine water falling : and this they fo digged with a Hope paflage, whereby the water might runne the pafier and freelier from the bottom. The earth and clay caft up on the infide ( faft by the brinke ) they fo wrought up together, that hardly any perfon (after the drying of the couaterraure) could clime over the fame. Some alfo made high Banks or counrermurs, without a ditch digged about, and the fame fo ferved in the open fields in flead of a wal.
To be brief, the fiiclofure which longeft endured, fureli, and of !eaftcofl,was the lame that the Romanes in ancient time made with brambles, and the white thorne laid orderly in bankes, for the better growing up. For this inclofiire or hedge ( after years fprung up ) endured by report of the learned Cato an infinite time j yea experience in our age, doth likewife confirme the (ame. For which caufe, this inclofureiwas very much cpmmended of the ancient Romanes,who wel conceived and knew,that the bramble decayed and dyed not at any feafon, except it were digged and-plucked quite up by the roots. Yea they learned by praSufe, that the bramble fingei oricorched with draw flaming, recovered andgrew every year? after, both ftiffer, rougher,^nd thicker together.
Chap. VIII.
7be latter inventions nf erecting-a natural ani ftrong hedge, wbicb , in time growing, may prove a mojl fare defence andfafafjmw guard of tbcGarden.	,
THe mod commendable inclofure for every Garden plot, is a quick-fet hedge, made with brambles and white thorne : but the ftrongcr and more defensive hedge is the fame, which the Angular Democritus in his Greek inftru&ions of Husbandrie (that wrote long before Columella, and Palladius Rutilius) cunningly
Djv. I	ut-14	The Gardeners Labyrinth.
utterctb, and the fame with cafe and final coft after this manner: Gather faith he, in a due feafon of the yeare, the feeds found in the red berries of the biggeft and higheft Briers ( which by a more common name with us, are called the wild Eglantine Briers) the ~ thorow ripe feeds of the brambles (running low by the ground)che ripe feeds of the white Thorne, and to thefe both the ripe Berries of the Goofe-berry and Barberry trees : this done, mix and fteepe for a time, all the Berries and feeds in the bending meale of Tares, unto the thickneft of Honey : the fame mixture lay diligently into . old and untwifted Ship or Wel-ropcs, or other long worne ropes, and fittered or broken into fhort pieces, being hi a manner ftarke rotten, in fuch order, that the feeds bellowed or couched within the Toft haires of them, may be preferved and defended from the cold, unto the beginning of the fpring. At which time where you be minded that the inclofure or hedge fhall runne and fpring up, there digge in handfome manner, two final furrows, and thefe either two or three foot afunder, and a mans foot and a halfe deep: into which lay your ropes with the feeds, covering them work-manly with light earth, and (if need fbal require) water byfprink-ling, or moiften the feeds, in the fame wife again...
The worthy Columella (in his Husbandrie ) and the Neapolitane Talladiut Rutiliuf writing the like it)ftruftion, in a manner will, that the ground plot in which a hedge fhall be ere&ed, becom-'Jptffied with two narrow furrows, digged three foot diftant one ’from the other, arid a mans foot and a halfe deep: but thefe to be made in the equino&ial Harveft, at what rime the ground fhal be wel raoiftned with fhowers. The furrows thus prepared, they appointed to lye open all the winter thorow V after in the moneth of February, the ropes with the feeds, laid into each furrows to be . covered not thick over with light earth, for hindering the growth of the feeds, efpecially of the white Thorne: and that this aftion be rather wrought, when as the winde bloweth from the South or Southrweft. The feeds thus covered with diligence, fhall appeare within, a moneth e:ther more or lefie, and the tender young Thornes fprung up to fome height, muft be holpen and flayed with Willow twigs, or rather fmal props, fet betweene the empty fpaces, until the Thornes by their further growth, joyned together, may ftay one the other, which within few yeares, wil grow to a moft firong defence of the Garden or field, and afure fafe-
g'ardThe Gardeners Labyrinth.	1 5 '
guard againft outward injuries. CobtmzHa befides willeth, that a willow or Ofier hedge, be feton either fide, and in the middle roome or fpact between the two furrows, covered and even raked, that thefe might fo day the tender thornes, fpringing up in either, furrow, unco the time they joyned,and were grown above this willow hedge,or at lead untofuch ftrengih,that they wel daicdone of the other. Others there are as the famous Viophaaes (among the Gretk writers of Husbandry) and with him many the like, which wil a quick-let hedge to be erefted,and made after this manner.The bigger arms or rods of the bramble, they willed to be cut into fhorc portions or parts,and thefe laid a Hope into open furrows of a (pan deep, to be diligently covered with earth: after to ufe about the plants, a daily digging or rearing up of the earth, and waterin g of them if need fo required), until the plants bud forth,and the leaves of the Items open,which by this manner of comforting and che idling,(hall grow in a few years to a drong, fure and continual hedge.
T he Neapolitane Valladtu Rutifiw^ inftru&eth the way and matter of erefting another quick-fet hedg on this wife: plant faith he, young Elder trees near three footaliinder, then the feeds of the brambles,lapped diligently in long lumps of foftned and moift clay or tough earth, lay the fame orderly in a (hallow furrow, between the Elder trees, which aptly covered with light earth,and watering the places if need fo requireth, wil within three yearcs following, grow to fuch a ftrength and furenefle, that the fame wil be able e- 1 ncugh to defend the injuries both of the thief and bead. Talladius Rutiliutreportetb, that this hedge of brambles after three yeares growth, ought to be finged with flaming draw V far on fuch wife handled, it profpereth afterward the better : In that the bramble as he faith, through the very yeares finging or burning with draw, joyeth and increafeth the better : yea ihroug.hthe yearely burning, as the skilful Husbandmen affirm, they (hoot out harder rougher and pricks.
And this manner, to be brief,is a general way of inclofing Garden grounds, with fmal coil, and eafily performed. Although the comlier inclofureor hedge of a Garden be the fame,which is made of the white thorneartely laid: that in few yearer with diligence cut, waxeth fo thick and drong, that hardly any perfon can enter into the ground, faving by the Garden doore: yet in fundry Garden grounds be hedges framed with the Privet tree, although far
wca-I &	Tfa Gardeners Labyrinth,
weaker in refinance 'j which at this day are made the ftronger, through the yearly cutting, both above, and by the Tides | yea the Tame alio caufeth through the like doing to grow the evener and thicker, to the beautifying of the Garden ground, and for other rieceffary purpofes. To conclude, I have uttered here the making of certain natural inclofures for a Garden, which may with the meanelt colt be crrefted in any ground.
T Cha p. IX, v
%be eaufewhycertaine skilful Husbandmen in ancient time mifiked the 0 u dunging of Gardens near to the houfe : and what dung beft ■allowed for the Kitchin or pot-hearbs.
T Hire were in ancient time, a| Eliny recordeth, certaine wittie Husbandmen, that wholly refuted and forbad the dunging of Gardens placed nigh to the dwelling houfes: in that this dunging might not oiiely infeft the aire thereabout, but caufe alfo the crescent things to prove both unfavorier and more corrupt. And ia this matter the worthy writers of Husbandry commended highly the Greek Poet Hefiodur, which writing very cunningly of Husbandry, omitted the dunging of the fields, and Gardens plots,, contented rather to counfell unto healthfulnefle, then willed the Tame to fertility. Infomuch as it was fuppofed enough at that time, to have fatned the fields and Garden plots, with the leaves and empty cods of the Beanes, Peafon, Tares, and fuch like, turned woik-manly in with the earth in due feafon of the yeare, and not to have employed or dunged the ground with a rotten and peitilent matter, incommodious to man and the Plants. Which wife men have wel found out, in that the fowen plants fprung up in fuch an earth, yeeld for the moft part a harmful quality to the daily feeders on them, hardly to be amended.
Yet for that neither'the ancient, nor latter Husbandmen, feeme to follow the inftru&ion of this precept, nor approve or allow any proper dunging, in preferibing and commending the fame in general: for that caufe, 1 here purpofe to treat in a brief manner# of the nature and ufe.of the fame. Bur firft of all’ to warne you that a good and battle ground nfeedeth final dunging, where a dryThe Gardeners Labyrinth.	i
and thin or lean earth in contrary maner requireth plenty of dung. Aearthonely dfie(a8^/aroreporteth) well joyeth to be often fed, and diligently laboured with fat dung : But the ground that hath a meane fubftance in it, requireth in like manner a meane dunging to be ufed. Further conceive, that good dung doth ( for the more part ) procure a good and battle earth the better, yea this helpeth and amendeth the evil and naughty earth ; But the evil dung in a contrary manner, doth evermore caufe all earths the worfer : And this behoveth the Gardener and Husbandman to know, that as the earth not dunged* is both cold and ftiffe : even fo the ground by the over much durtging may be burned altogether. For which caufe ( Columella reporteth)»that more available and better it is, often to dung the earth, then overmuch at one time to bellow in the ground. ;The earth digged up to ferve for the fp ing, ought to be dunged in the wane otdecreafe of the Moone about Sc .Martins day: that; the fame lying all thé Winter thorow, may fo be difiolved agaiqft the time of committing feeds to the earth : and in moneth of March to be dunged again, that the earth Well moifiened with Ihowtes (in the moneth of April may be procured the apter, for the, bellowing of your finer and dainty feeds in the fame. Herein confider the leannefs or fatnefs of your earth in the often dunging of it, and the worthineflè of your feeds, which may require alike paincs to be bellowed on the ground. The plot of earth prepared for the Winter feeds, ought to be wel. turned in wi:b dung about the end of September, and the feeds committed to rhe earth, - after the ground be Wei moifiened with Ihowers. The dung in a Garden plot, for the planting of young fets ought not to be couched or laid next to the roots of the plants: but in fuch order rhe dung muft be ufid, that a thin bed of earth be firft made, for the fitting of the young herbs,next laid to this a handfome bed of dung, as neither too fhicke or thin fpreadon that earth: above that let another courfi of earth be raked over of a reafonable thicknefifc : workmanty handled and done, fee that your plants befit handfomely into the ground, and in a cho-fentime. For the eaith and beds (on fuch wife prepared) helpe that the plants bellowed Ihal not at all be burned : neither the heat ' of the dung, haflily breath forth to them.
D
Of
Xi18	The Gardeners Labyrinth
Chap. X.
Of tbt kjndes of â*ngy and which well commendedfor tbt dunging of Gardem.
A S Couching the worthincflc and excellency of dung«chfl Greek jHL writers of Husbandry ( to whom many of the Latin Authors confent ) affirm that the Doves dung il the beft, becaufe the fame poflèdêth a mighty hotneflê, for which they willed this dung to be tlrawcd the thinner, and in a manner ( as thin to be fcattered a-broad ) as feeds on the earth, whereby the fame may ifo feafon the earth meafurably, and not on a heap or thick bellowed (as Mr* Vam reporteih) much like to the dung of Cattcl thrown a* broad on the ground. The dung alfo of the Hen ahd other fowls greatly commended for thefourenet, except the dung of Geefe,, Duck*, and other water fowls, for their much and thin dunging« And although this dung at laft, be weaker then the others, yet may the fame be profitable, as the felfe fame Varro vritnefleth out of the Greek inftruftions of Husbandry. A commendation next is attributed to the AlTes dung, in that the fame bead for his leifurely eating, digefteth eafier, and canfcth the better dung, which bellowed, in the earth, for that the fame is mod fenil by nature, bringeth or yceldetb forth leaft ftoie of weeds, and procureth very much all plants and hearbs : yea, this caufeth the moft fweet and pfeafantefl hearbs and roots. The third in place is the Goats dung, being moft fower, which infucth the fheeps dung yet fatter. Af er this,, both the Gxe and Cow dung, next the fwines dung, worthier then the Oxen or Kine, but greatly difallowed of Columella, for the -mighty hotnefs, in that the fame burneth the feeds immediately, bellowed in the earth. The vileft and worft of all dungs, after the opinion of the Greek writers of Husbandry, is the Hoi fes and Mulcr, if cither of thefe be bellowed alone in the earth ; yet with the fower dungs mixed, either will profitably be abated or qualified. But the fame efpecially is to be learned and obferved of every Gardener and Husbandman,that they fatten not the earth, if it be polfible, with dung of one yeare for the fame, befides that it is of. no utility, it engendreth alfo many noifome wormes and kinds of vermine* But of the contrary mind is ColmeVay, who willeth the
earthTbe Gardeners Labyrinth.	i p
earth to be fatned with dung which hath lyen a yea re, and not a-bovfli in that the fame, as he reporteth, bringeth forth lea ft weeds,and pofleffeth as yet a diffident ftrength for the turn.But how elder the fame he, fo much the lefie profitable,in that it lefier avai-leth : yet the neweddung ( faith he ) wil wel agree for Meadows or the fields, in that the fame procureth the moreyeild of grade, being beftowed in the moneth of February and March, in colder Countries, and the Moone increafiag of light. The mud alfo of a running water, as the ditch or river, may be imployed in the ftead of dung. The dung befides of three yeares is edeemed very good, for that in the longer time lying, whatfoever this (hall have of the evil quality, and (linking favour, the fame by that time vapoured forth : and if any hard matter confided in the fame, the age thorowly refolved it. Howfoever it (hall happen, that the earth be the worthied dung of all, for flowers and kitchin hearbs in the very thin a(hes reported to be, which in nature is hot. For the kindc of dung either killeth or driveth away the Garden Fleas» the Wormes, the canker Wormes, found commonly on Coleworts, Snailes and all ocher creeping things, wafting the Items of Plants and Herbs. The dung which men make f if the fame be not mix-ed with the rubbifh, or dud fwept out of the houfe ) is greatly mifiiked, for that by natareit is hotter, and burneth the feeds (own in that earth ; fo that this is not to be tiled, unlefle the ground be a barren, gravellyjor very loofe (and, lacking ftrength in it, which being on fuck wife, 1 equireth the more helpe of nouridiment and fatning, through this kind of dung i yet for lack-of the forefaid dungs, the others may be put in u(e : fo that thelc with the Spade be often changed and difperfed in the ground. Here you may not foiget, that a Watrie Garden plot requireth the more plenty of dung; but a drie earth needeth the lefier dunging; the one for the daily moidure running in it, being overcold and ftiffe, is through the often applying of the hot dung, refolved and made temperate. And the other dry of it (elfe through the heat confiding in it, by mnch applying of this hot dung, is of the fame burned : for that caufe the moidure of ground ought to have dore of dung, but the dryer, fmal dunging. But if no kind ofdungcanbepurchafed, then in gravelly grounds, it (hall be bed to dung the fame with chalk: but in chalky places, and over-thick,-thofe dung with gravelly «arth : for on fuch wife Garden plots, (hall not onely be c iu-D2	fedao	The Gar detiers Labyrinth.'
Ted to be battle and fruitful!, but (ball alfo become faire and de~ leftable, a$Ci>iumeDa the moll diligent ana and skilful inllrufter ( of the Romane Gardens )witnefleth: let this laft inftru&ion of Tliny be remeirbxed, that at what time foeveryou mind to dung a Garden for yielding of few weeds, fee that the wind blow then from the Weft quarter, and the Moon decrealing of light, and the earth alfodrie: But for the dunging of a Medow (as before uttered ; let the fame be done in the increafe of the Moon, See. For by fuch an obfervation followed, the pleatifulneffe of yield is marvelloufly much increafed: as after the worthy Greeks, the La-tine writers oi Husbandric have noted.
^	.:>CH APjXL ..
What islobe conftderedof every Gardener, after the cafling forth and Uvel-ling of the hedtymtb thedifyofing efihe earth.
BEfore I treat of the (owing of Gardens, it behoveth to admo-nilh you, that it much availeth in a Garden, to frame feemely walks and Allies, for the delight of the owner, by which he may the freelier walk hither and thither in them, and confider thorow-ly all the matters wrought and done in the Garden,if the difquietr nelie of mind hinder not the: benefit of the fame. The walkes and ‘Allies (hall to that end be difpofed, that they may ferve in the iftead of a dunging in thofe places, as the worthy interpreter M* Cato (that cunningly wrote of the ancient Husbandrie) witnelfeth. Thele before confidered, let us come unto the matter : Certaine skilful pra&irioners admonilh, that a Garden plot or field, be not fown over all, until the earth before (hall be wel moiftned with fhowers. That if thefe fall in due feafon and time ( then the skil-full Gardeners agree ) to be wel liked* If any be otherwife occali-oned to fow, as often fo it hapneth, then the feeds flowly bceake forth, how worksnanly foever the feeds may be bellowed in a drie Garden ground, or plough land, as the worthy Columella witnef-feth‘.which like matter in certaine Countries is wont to be exer- ^ cifed, where the condition of the aire is on fuch wife. For what v the fame is which (hall be bellowed in a dry earth, is even the like, as if the fame were laid in a houfe which corrupteth not-But when
(how-The Gardeners Labyrinth.	11
fhowers on the feeds (committed to the earth certain dayes before) they after Ihoot up in one day tyet are theft feeds in danger ( fown in themeane time )of Birdsj and Ants or Pifmires, except the feeds be ( before the fowing ) preferved and defended with thofe helps which flull after be uttered in the proper place following-. Howfoever the occafion St weather ferve,the Gardener fhal employ his diligence, that the Garden ground or held, which ought to be levelled and fowne in the fpring time (chat the fame may yeeld the proper fruits in the Summer time ) be digged and dunged (if need io 'require to the earth ) about the end of harveft, when as yet the cold feafon and froftsbe not approched, nor bitter weather begun. Apd the fame Garden-plot or quarters of the Garden, which the GaraCner would in the harvett time have covered with the Salletr pot. hearbs and roots, ought to be turned up in the beginning of Slimmer, or in the moneth of May, that, the eleds of eaxthmay through all the cold Winter, and hot Summer weather ((peaking or rather here meaning of the greater Gardens ) be fb diffolved,. as thé worthy Maro skilfully imtru&eth..
;Ànd to thefe, that the roots of the unprofitable hearbs or weeds miy likewife be killed : after the winter or fummer time ended, dung, then muft be orderly turned in with theearth:a,s in the mpneth of March ( the Moon decreafing ) for the fpring time, and inthe end of-harveft for the wintertime. And when the fowing, time approacheth or draweth near, then (hall the Garden ground ( as the proper order and manner of every Countr y is ) he diligently raked, weeded and purged, both of the ftones and unprofitable roots : after the fame, let the earth be dunged and orderly digged, as in’the manner afore taught, which through the diligent digging fo often repeated, that the dung with the earth by the twice l abouring over, be well diffolved and mixed together. After this: digging and dunging agains the fécond time ( if the ground need-eth fuch fatting ) and the earth levelled, may the Garden ( about the middft of February,but I rather fuppofe in the month of March to be more agreeable, and the Moon efpeckdly in her firlt quarter ) be beautified in apt places of the fame, with feemly hearbs, before the quarters and beds be workmanly troden out by the Gardener, the inftru&ion of which hearbs lhall fully be bettered in the next Chapter*
D3 '	Ihe
The Gardeners Labyrinth. Cha*. XII.
The framing 6f fundrj herbs detectable in a Garden^with the rvalues and Allies artlj devifed in the fame.
THe herbar in a garden may be framed with Aftien pole?,or the Willow5either to ftrctch,or to be bound together with Otters, or wyers, after a fquare form, or in arch manner winded, that the branches of the Vine, Mellon, or Cucumber, running and fpread-ing all oversight fo (hadow and keep both the heat and Sun from the walkers and fitters thereunder. The herbs ere&ed and framed in moil Gardens, are to their much refreihing comfort and delight. Thele two, as the upright, dire&ed by quarters fet in the earth, and leaning to the wall, near to which faire Rofcmary, or the red Rofe, fet to run ftraight up,-and the winding in arch manner, framed (as I uttered afore) with the Aihen or Withy poles, to fha* dow the wals there under. To this faftning the Vine, and fundry herbs which in the growing up, run and fpread over the fame, as the Briony, Cucumber, Gourd, and divers others, of which hereafter we (hall more fully treat. But firftlmean to fpeakofthofc
herbs,"the Gardeners Labyrinth.	ar j
îyrbs, which the Gardener planteth and ordereth to run for beauties fake in an upright herbar ; after to treat of ihofi which he either foweth or planteth, to run over the winding or arch herbar. The plants to run up and ferve comelicft for the ftraight herbar, ought to be thofe of a fragrant favour, and that grow or (hoot up high, and are Ipread abroad, which efpecially framed in a Garden for delight and pleafure, and thefi properly named wall herbs, in that they are fet in a manner leaning to the wall,with the. quarters fet upright,and plots fanned overthwart, along the which, the Rofemary, the Jafmine, and red Role in many Gardens, fet to> grow upright, which in time growing* beautifie an upright herbar,, although thefe cover not the lame, through their Ihorter and lower growing then the herbar; yet the commodity enfueth by the herbar, that the owners friends fitting in the fame, may the Creelier lèe and behold the beauty of the Garden, to their great de-* light. The ereâion and garnilhing of the winding herbar may be bed wrought with Afhen poles,in that thefe may well indure without repairing for ten years ; but thofe framed with the Willow poles, require every three years to be repaired.
The owner or Gardener that would fee Role trees to runup by. the poles of the herbar, ought workmanlyto begin and do the . fame about the middeft of februmjy and in the firft quarter of tho Moon, the beds before wel reared with a ftony and dry earth, andi not with dung. The Rofe trees with their roots,arc alfo to be plan-, ted in fliort and narrow b<ds diligently railed with a dry earth:, but if the Gardener or owner wil, (lips may be broken off from the soots, cut in a Hope manner ae the beads, about a mans foot andi a half long, writhed at the ends*and fofet in a Hope manner, a foot: deep into beds, wel reared with a drie earth, and in the increafi of the Moon. The old trees new fit every fife year In the wane of the Mot») take root the fconer,and yield the more Rofes, being pruned and refrelhed every year with new and drie earth about the roots, for neither the Hips nor old roots joy in a fat clay,or moift ground, but in the drie and ftony earth, and to be fit in rankes wel a foot diftance one from another, in drie beds wel reared upv for bellowed in ranks of fitch diftance between, they profper the better, and yield more Roles« The feeds of the Rofe committedto the earth,do {lowly come up, yet looften as you mind tofow the feeds, bellow them a foot deep» light and drie earth, atout the middeft$4	The Gardeners Labyrinth.
of March with us, and ia February in hotter places, the Moon then inCreafing. Here may any traly learn by the inftru-&ion ot the worthy Neapolitane Palladium Futtlius , which are the feeds of the Rofe: for a mam (faith he) may not think the yellow grains within the Rofe flower (being of a golden colour) to be them, but the knobs which grow after the manner of a molt fhort and (mail Pear, the feeds ot which are then ful ripe, when .they be perceived brownifhand foft, which wil be in the moneth of September, The owner alfo may fee the Jafmine tree bearing a fragrant flower, the musk Rofe, damask Rofe, and Privet tree, in beds of drie earth, to (hoot up and fpread over this herbar, which in time growing, not onely defendeth the beat of the Sun, but yieldeth a dele^hble fmel, much refrefbing the fitter? under it.
Bat this Arck-herbar for any kind ofRofes, may notbebuilc much above a mans height for the fliort growth of them. And a? this herbar is deleftafele to the eye, even fo labcurfome, and with diligence to be tended: for which, caufe the more number in Fn» gland, plant Vines (for the leffer travel) to run and fpread over the upright and fquare herbs, framed with quarters and poles reaching a bredtb. After the herbs feemly performed, in convenient places and walkes of i he Garden ground (here meaning and (peaking of the large plots)the Allies even troden out,and levelled by a line, is either three or four foot broad, may cleanly be fitted over with River or Sea fand, to the end thatfhowers of rain falling,may not Offend the walkers (at that inftant) in them, by the earth cleaving to or clogging their feet. The commodities of thefe Allies and Walkes, ferve to good purpoies, the one is, that the owner may diligently view the profperity of his herb* and flowers, the other for the delight and comfort of the weaiied mind, which he may by hin>fe!f or fellowfhip of his friends conceive,in the delettablefights and fragrant imels 6f the fioweb,' by walking up and down, and about the Garden in them, which for the pleaiant fights and refreshing of the dul fpirits, with the (harpning of memory, many (hadowed over with vauting or Arch-herbs, having windowes pro« perly madejtoward the Garden, whereby they mi^hethe more fully View, and have delight of the whole beauty of the Garden. But . the' ftraiight walks, the wealthy make like Galleries, being all open towards the Garden, and covered with the vine fpreading all over, or fome other trees which more pleafed them. Thus briefly have I touched the benefit of Walks andAllies in any Garden ground;
ipH hi "the Gardeners Labyrinth.	25
which the Gardener of his own experience may artly tread out by aline, and life over with fund, if the owner will, for the caufes afore uttered. /
Chap. XIII.
Ibt form of difpofiug the beds, and apt borders about, with the fowing, choice, and defence of the feeds, and weeding of the beds.
handfome manner by a line fet downe in the earth, be troden out into beds, and feemly borders, which beds ( as Columella wit-nefieth 'J raifed newly afore with dung, and finely raked over,with the clods diffolveds and ftones purged forth, frail be artly trodeft out, into three foot of breadth, and into whac length the owner ®r Gardener will : but to fuch a breadth efpecially t rod yi forth, E	- • ’•* .• -v that.;Properthat the weeders hands may wel reach unto the midft of the faro% left they thus going to the bed?, and weeding forth the unprofitable herbs and grafie, may in the mean time tread down both the feeds (hooting up»and plants above the earth. To the help of which, let the pathes between the beds be of fuch a reafonable breadth (as a mans foot) that they palling along by, may freely weed the one half firft, and next the other half left to weed.
The beds alfo ought (after che mind of the worthy Neapolitane
Halladins7h* Gardeners Labymtky	^6-
FalladtMjfiuiHiM) to be trodden out narrow, and of a length, as twelve foot long if the plot be large, and fix foot broad, and the pathes of thefe of a feemly breadth, for the cafier reaching into the middle of the bed», orat the leaft lireelier, to the furtherance and fpeed of the weeders. In a moift and watry Garden plot this rkrl-ful Neapolitane willeth, that the beds in the fame Garden be reared two foot high, for the better proffering of the feeds committo the earth,and the plants come up. But in a dry ground, the edges of the beds railed a foot high, fhall wcl fuffice. The pathes trodden out between the beds ought to be of good depth and even, whereby the water fprinkled gently forth byawatei-potonthe upper face of the beds, and falling into the pathes, may the eafier enter into the b.ds,to the better moiftning and feeding of the roots of the plants,, and the reft fuperfiuous 10 run the eafier into other Allies or pathes needing this moifture, which by thiseafie running along in the pathes, fhall proceed a fpeedier moiftning, and far better watering of all the beds, yea the fuperfiuous water in the end, lying ftilin the pathes, may through a flope gutter made in the midft of them, be directed forth into a convenient place made for the purpofe, of feme diftance from the beds.: And. this inftru^ £tion much avaikth to beds in the night time, when as mighty ftiowers happen to fal, which might over-cloy the beds, were it not for the gutters fpeedily conveying the waters away., [
All thefe infti u&ions c&nceived,the Gardener or owner may then prepare himfelf to theaommittisg of feeds to the earth ;. in which . he ought to be careful, that after the bettowing of the feeds in the earth, aclearnefie ortnildneffeof the aire may for certaine dayes fucceed * for through the airc and weather favouring, and the feeds fowen in warm places,, where the Sun longfhinech, dotheymoft fpeedily break and (hoot above the earth, fo that the feeds be new and good, the age of which in this doing, much availetb to be examined and known. Therefore every Gardener and owner ought to Jbe careful and diligently to forefee, that the feeds committed to the earth (as M. Cato willeth) be neithertoo old, dry, thin,withered, nor counterfeited, but rather ful, new, and having juyce.Thefe notes of the feeds remembsed, and the Gardener minded to commit them to the earth, ought afore to regard, that the wind at that inftant bloweth not from the North, but rather from the South, or South-weft, nor the dav ycry cold ; for in ft^ch feafons.and daie* E 3	(a*$$:	The Gardeners Labyrinth.
(as all the skilful report) the earth is then faft fout,and hardly received! and msurifhetfa the feeds committed to it,where the ground in a contrary manner, doth willingly apply and retain the (eeds» beitowed or (own in faire daycs and temperate hot.
Chap. XXIV.
Ike artly difpofng offundry beds, for the [owing send increafiftg of divers fruits and Kitchen herhs9 with the witty defences to be ufed after the feeds are beftowed.
THe Gardener minding to commit chofen feeds into fundry beds,ought to learn, that the beds lying open to the South, be high railed, through the wel mixing of horfe dung with the earth, and after the even raking and levelling to remain a certain tihie un-fowed ; then one or two of the beds in the moneth of March, and in the increafeof the Moon, may hefow with Lcttice and Puiflane feeds, for thefe fooner fpring upin the moneth of Marco then Fe-hruaryt to be removed in the beds, after the plants be (hot up half a finger high. In thofe beds may he alfo fow the Parcely, iRocket, Sorrel, Endive, and divers other Sallet herbs; which atceHthey be fomewhat come up, may be thinner fet in other beds. Have befide a fpcciai regard to your feeds,that they be neither too old, withered, thin, and empty; and the borders of thofe Beds may you beftow with the feeds of the Hartiehock, we! two hand breadth alunder.
Iiianorher btd you may fow fine feeds, to have plcafant herbs that may be-keptdry for the pot or Kicchin in the Winter time,and thofe which yield dele&able flowers, to beautifie and rcfrelh the houfe, as theMarioram, French balme, Time, Hlfop, BafiI,Savery, Sage, Marigold, Buglas, Borage, and fundry others. TheGardc* ner may trie thefe feeds in beds, lying all open to the warmeSan,as the Orenge, Lemmon, Pomecitron, Pomegranate, the Myrtle and Date, but thefe ought to be fenced by a fuccour on the North fide, that the cold aire hinder or let not the coming up of them. When the Gitron or any of thefe be well fprung up, the Gardener ought toremoveand fet them into proper chefts filled with light earth, which at will and pleafiire may be rolled hither and thither, for th4 better avoiding of the Suns great heat, and bitter cold aire, by (landing under a cover or Ptnthonfe, made for the onely purpofe.The Gardeners Labyri/itb.	29
In another bed being of good length» and placed toward the quick-let hedge, and to run over the Arch-harbour, may the Gardener beftow iced« of the Cucumber, Citron» round Gourd and long; In another bed alfo, being long and narrow, and deep furrowes at each fide made, to fet vefiels lower then the beds, may the Gardener fow feeds of the fundry kinds of Melons. That the birds and other fowles may be kept from eomfng to the feeds committed to the earth, the skilful wil, that the white thorne be latd on the beds, but to bellow your feeds in beds rather in rhe moneth of March then February, and the Moon increafing, do fpec-dier appear above the earth. But if the Gardener feareth Hit the feeds committed to the earth, fhould be in danger through the bitter cold aire, and Suns heat following (as yearly the like fo hap-neth) the beds may then be covered with thick Mattrcftes of draw, in fuch manner, that they hinder net through their weight, the crefcent things coming up, which may thus be ordered, in letting fird up fundry forked dick« at each corner, and in the fides of the beds, on which long rods laid, reaching to each corner, and at the ends, »»Columella willeth: ihefe done, let him wittily lay on the. Mactrefles». in covering and defending cheycung plants from the cold or heat, at that time» But at fuch times as the aire being de^r iu the cold feafon, the Mattrelies (when the Sun fhineth warnle) may be taken off* for the fpeedier increafing of the Plants fpring--ing up, AH herbs and roots for the Kitchin, profper far better by their removing,, and thinner fetting, through which (by report of ; the skilful) they yield a pleafanter favour.There are of Greek wri- ' ters of Husbandry, which wil the fowingof feeds to be done in the jncreal'e of the Moon, as from the firft quarter, until the ful light of the Moon, and fbe knowing at that time to be under the earth in the day time. Others having devifed a per fe&er way, do not allow a timely or early fowing of feeds, for which caule they difpofed and divided the fame fowing of feds, into two, yea into three or four feveral times of the day, contenting by this means jo avoid the uncertainty of the time to come; herein calling to mind the Husbandly proverb of the worthy Columella, which faith,; Have no mifiruft in the committing of fttdt to the earth.
It therefore bchoveth the Gardener, which hath an earned: care for the purchafing of Kitchin or pot hearbs,. to regard and fee that the feeds committed to the earth be full and new, the earth artly
pre-B2	the Gardeners Labyrinth•
prepared, the dung in the fame laudable, and water at hand for •the life of the feeds* * For the feeds found and good, do yeild after the lowing plants of the like goodneflê and vertue : the earth laboured and made apt, will very well keepe and profper the fee^s committed to it î the dung being good and well mixed with the earth, will caule the earth battler, and to thefe the loofer, where* / by water diligently fprinkled on the fame, may the freclier and leafier enter in, to feed and cherifh the roots, and the water ferving to the fame end, that it may as by a feeding pap, nourilh and bring •up all crefcent things.
Chap. XV*
• Zb e workman ty caßingfortb3 dividing, and preparing of beds for the maß hearbs and roots of the Kit chin.
T He owner or Gardener ought to remember, that before he committeth feeds to the earth, the beds be dilpofed and tro-den out, into fuch a breadth and length, as belt anlwereth to every plant and root, in that the beds tobe fowen for theNavew roots, ought to be troden out large and long; next to which may thebeds for Coleworcs and Cabbages be joyned of afufHcient breadth: to thefe next may you place beds of a reafonable breadth for the Rapes and Turen roots i then fora feemely divilion in the Garden, may be tread cut by thole an Alley of three foot broad : next to which, if the Gardener will, may he difpofe fun dry beds together for divers kinds of hearbs,as the Arach,Spinedge,Rocker, Parcely,Sorrel, Beets, Speradge, Chervil, Borrage* Fenel, Dill, Mints, white Poppy, and fundry others. Next joyniog to thefe, may the owner or Gardener place an other Alley of three foot bread, by which, frame beds for the Leeks and Cives: and to the next, may the Gardener joyne beds for the Onions and Chibouls; by thefe next, the Scalions and Garlick in two beds dilpofed.Then level out by thefe,an Alley of three foot and a half broad,to which the Gardener may adjoynemany beds about for borders, ferving w as well for the keeping in of the favours, as for hedges, and pot-hearbs for the Winter. After thefe, it fliall be right profitable to levoll a bed, onely for Sage, another for Ifop, the like for Tyme, „ * - J	ano-The Gardeners Labyrinth.	33
another for Marioram, a bed for Lavender, another for Rofemary and Southeren-wood, a bed for Savery and I fop, bed« for Godinary, Bafill, Balme, and runningTynae ; yea abed for Camomile; for theufe of Benches to fit on, and a del eft a ble Labyrinth to be made in the Garden ( if room will fo ferve)with Ifope and Tyme, or the Winter Savery onely. In the Garden befides, to fow and plant divers Phyfick hearbs, andpleafant flowers, (hall be to great ufe and commodity, in that thefe befide their deleftable fight, yeild a commodity to our bodies, in curing fundry griefs as well in women as men ; for which caufc, it (hall be ne-ceflary to fow beds of Phyfick hearbs next to thefe, as the blefled Thiftle, the Romane worrae-wood, the Sperage, hearbe Mercury, Gentian, Dittany, hearbe Fluelline, Harts tongue, Bugloflè, Selfe heale, Liver-wort, Lung-wort, Stecados, Valériane, Spiknard, Lionsfoot, Mugwort, hearb Patience, Angelicay Bittony, and many others, of which in the fécond part (hall particularly be uttered, and their Phyfick benefits to be employed many waies.
Chap. XVI.
7he raft inventions and defences for rnafl feeds to be committed to tbt earthy that thefe be neither endamaged of Birds or creeping things.
A LI worthy writers agree, that in vaine the Husbandly Gardener (hall travell, yea and all other, if the feeds bellowed in the earth happen after to be endamaged either of wormes, and other creeping things,or otherwife fcraped up and wafted by birds, or elfe harmed by any other injury, whether the fame be wrought within or without the earth, for which caule, that the owner Gardener may avoid thefe injuries, it is high time that he employ a care and diligence in the conceiving of thefe remedies and (ecrets following. If feeds to be committed to the earth, are a little timt before the beftowing, fteeped in the juyee of Houfleeke or Singreen, they (hall not onely be without harme preferved from Birds, Ant*, field Mice, and other fpoilers of the Garden herbs,but what plants, (hoot up of thefe, (hall after prove the better and worthier, as I obierved the like, found noted both in the Greeke commentaries (of matters of the field) and Latine Authors of Husbandry -j which
F	to3 4	Gardeners Labyrinth.
to be tnoft true, although experienceinftru&eth and approveth the Came, yet this many times happeneth in fundry Countries, that fmall (lore of the herb can be found to fupply the turne, by reafon whereof the Gardener rauft be forced to exercife a fparer way after this manner, in fteeping of the herb for a night in a good quantity, and the fame to fprinkle fufficiently on the feeds, whereby they may all the night draw and drink in the fubftance of the herb, at the worthy Columella inilru&eth.
1 And for lack of this herb altogether, (the faid Author report-eth) that the Gardener may ufe inftead of it, the loot cleaving on the chimney, which gathered a day before the beftowing of the feeds in the earth, and mixed for a night with them, doth the like defend the feeds in fafty.
: The Greeke writers of husbandry (and after them Plime, and the worthy Neapolitane Palladia! Rutilit+f') report, that thofe feed» may be preferved in fafety from all evil and Garden *nonfters,if the bare head without flefti, of either Mare or fhe Afle ( having been covered with the Male) be buried in the Garden, or that the mid-deft of the fame fixed on a flake fet into the earth, be ere&ed.
The worthy Plinie,further reporteth, that there is a garlick growing in the fallow field (named Allium) which on fuch wife boiled, that the fame wil not growagaine, and ftrawed on the beds fowne, doth in fuch manner availe, that Birds after wil not fcrape up the earth, nor fpoile the feeds beftowed in them. And fuch which have eaten-of this, are taken (as being aftoniftied) with the hand# The wiel pra&ifed Afritanut unto the fame matter inftrutteth, that if quantity of Wheat or Bailey be boyled or infufed in wine, and mixed with Neefwort, as either the black or white, and the fame fprinkled abroad by the pathes of the beds round about, doth on fuch wife defend the feeds fown from the injury of birds. But thofe being in a manner dead' by eating of this, or at the lead ftarke* drunk, he willeth then to hang up by the legs on a long rod flicked in the earth, to the terrour and fearing away of all other birds coining to the place. Nor this worthy Authour omitteth the rare pra&ice of the deco&ion of river Crevifes, with which if the Gardener (hall fprinkle his feeds before the fowing, Birds wil never after (amatter to*bemarvelled at) approach to the Garden beds; yea the plants befidc, which are fprung or (hot out of thefc, fhall indure and continue fafe and free from all the injuries of creeping
things.The Gardeners Labyrinth,	35
things. There are certaine skilful pra&itioncrs, which affirmeto have availed mightily in driving away bird*, by the only fprhik-ling of this deception above taught of the plants come up, which matter hath of many been experienced above a hundred times, To that the fame we're wrought at a certain period and timeofthe Moon. Sundry praftitioners mixed the brilifed leaves of the Cy-prefle tree, with the feeds for anight, and the fame mixture on the morrow they bellowed in the earth, being afore wel wrought and turned in with dung. For on fuch wife the plants fp ung out of thefe, wei e delivered from all manner of gnawing or creeping things. Others skilfully pra&ifed, tfed the dry fhavings or fillings, either of the Harts home, or Elephants tooth, which they mixed with the feeds for a day, committed them after to the earth, or they otherwife fprinkled, the feeds to be fbwn with the water of the mfufion and mixtion of thefe for a night.
Chap. XVII.
The witty helps commended of the ancient for the Garden feeds, to he em-* ployed as wel before as after the fomng} that thoft be not harmed by outward nor inward injuries.
THe Angular Poet Viryil counfelleth, that the feeds to be committed to the earth, be afore fprinkled and moiflned with the' water of Nytre infufed, or the Brine made of the fame.
The Greek Apuleius willeth, that feeds ( before the fowing ) be fprinkled and moiflned with Wine, for on fuch wife handled, the plants fpringing and fhootingup, weaken the Iefs,yea being feeble, they (hall mightily be holpen with water and brine mixed and fprinkled on them.
There are certain Greek inflru&ers of Husbandry (both of Plinp, Columella, and the Neapolitane Palladia* Rutiliiuj allowed and commended, which wil, that the root* of the wild Cucumber be infufed for one whole day and a night in faire water, and with the fame, through the often fprinkling, fo to moiften wel the feeds,th« next day thofe feeds covered over with a blanket, they wil,the next morning be committed to the earth, affirming the feeds thereby to profper the better, and thefe for a certainty to be preferved from F 2	all3 6	The Gardeners Labyrinth. r\
•11 evil annoyances. The felf lame doth the skilful Apultiw wil, that a few Lentels be alfo mixed with the iecds in the fowingof them, for as much as the fame pulfe by property availeth againtt the harmes of winds. This Author further willeth, that for a fafe-ty of the feeds bellowed, afpcckledToade, named of the Greeks FbiymX)be drawn by a line in the night time round about the Garden or held, afore the earth be laboured, or diligently digged and drefled of the Gardener : and the fame after inclofed in an earthen pot,to be buried in the middeftof the Garden or fallow field,which at the prefent fowing time approached, fhall be digged forth, and thrown or carried from that place, a great diftance off* left the Plants (after the feeds fown) growing up in that place, may prove and become bitter and unpleafant of fmcl.
The Egyptian and Grttk, inftru&ora of Husbandry report, that the feeds after the bellowing, wii remain ungnawn or bitten, and free of harm by creeping things in the Garden,if the feeds fhall be committed to the earth when the Moon poffeflcth her half light, or is a quarter old. It might be thought an oblivioufnefs, to have over-paffed the Phyfick experiment of the lingular Vemacritur, both for •the feeds and plants, noted diligently ( of the skilful Neapolitan* falladitts Rutiliw') after this manner: Bellow and clofe over (faith VemocritHs) of the Sea or River crevifes, no fewer then ten'in number, into a glade body filled up with water, the fame fet abroad in the aire, let fo Hand to be funned for tcodaies together, the feeds that you would after have to remaine in the earth unharmed, fprinckle and moiften with the fame water for eight daie9 together, after thefe eight daies ended (as Rmu/mi inftruâeth ) do in like manner with that water, until the plants after your defired mind be wel fprung up,at which experiment thus handled,you wil great-ly marvel ^ for out of thefe feeds, what plants (hall be fprung and (hot up, wil not only drive Bealls and Cattel from the eating of them, but all other creeping things of what condition they be, from the gnawing and biting of them, of which matters (hall further be treated, in the proper Chapters a little after, And for cither defences and helps of feeds as ©ccafion offereth in the places (hall be uttered.
Chap,the Gardeners Labyrinth.	37
Chap. XVIII.
7 he laudable inßruüiont of the ancient9 in the nature and eltfHon of fun-dry Seeds, vrith the apt timet commendedftr the faring of maß Kit chin herbs,
npH« lingular Columella inflru&cth, that all feeds bellowed in the X Garden, for the afe and benefit oftheKitchin or pot, ought rather to be in the increafe of the Moon, as from the firlt, unto the iixth day ; forafmuch as all feeds committed to the earth,in thede-ereafe or wane of the Moon, either flowly break and (hoot up, or elfe fo weakly increafe,that thefe after ferve to fmal purpofe.lt many times alfo hapneth(a* the worthy K<arroreporteth)thai although the feeds bellowed in the earth,be done in the increafe of the Moon the feeds betides having a juyce, weighty, ful, white meal in them, and In no manner corrupted ur too old, yet thefe notwithstanding are hindred through fome evil conllellation, which oftheskiliul is named an influence of heaven, we; e the Gardeners diligence never fo much, fo that it is not impertinent to (he matter here to recite what the worthy Neapolitane Palladius Kutilius reporteth of the Garden ground, which faith, that a Garden plot, placed and lying under a frclh and fwcet aire, and moiftned gently by fome fpring or fweet water running by, is in a manner battel and ready enough, whereby the lame requireth bet a fmal inliru&ion and diligence, to be belt owed in the lowing of it.. The bedowing of feeds in a moift earth, the beds afore Ihorter call, ought to be done in the warme feifon of the Spring, as in May, and the Moon increasing, for feeds on fucb wife handled, prolperthe better, through the warm and dry time following. £ut if occasion moveth you to commit feeds into a dry ground, and that water be far dillant, then dig the Allies of the beds deep, and in a (lope manner, for the betted leading of water from bedsfufficicntly moidned, to others lacking moidure; and to thefe fuch a dry earth better agreeth to be Town in the harveft time, the ground beforewel moiftned with Ihowerr, herein not forgetting the choice of feeds, neared agreeing to the natures of thefe two earths, with the furtherance of the Moon at time of the fowing. If the Gardener mindeth to commit feeds to the earth in the Summer time, let the fame be done in the increafe
F 3	ofThepdrdenerf Labyrinth,
of the Moonj in the moreths of July and Angttfi. In the harvfeft time about the middle of September, and jh O Bober, the Moon in thofe moneth $ in her If ft quarter: for the time againe of commit* ting feeds to the earth, let the fame be done in themoneths of February and March, the hlo^n at thofe time* increafing of light.
The feeds which ought efpecially to be {own in the earth, about the end of harveft, as about the middle of September, and in 0 Bober the Moon at thofe times increafing, that thefe may all the Winter endure, and be ftrengthened in the ground,are the Endive,Onions, Garlick, Scalions, the great Garlick,young Leek heads, Cole worts, Muftaid feed, and fuch like.
The Garden ground naturally cold, or all the day received but a weake comfort of the Sunne, through his fhort prefence or tarry ing there, or ehe in cold Countries, as at Yorkt, and farther North. In luch places I fay, the beftowirag of many feeds better agree to be done about the middle of the Spring, or in the moncth of May% in warme and calme dates, the moone then increafing of light.
But the feeds to be committed to the earth in thofe Countries and places in the harveft time, ought rather to be done fooner, or before the time with us, where the feeds oiherwifi? to be beftowed in hot Countries and places in the fpringtime, require far timelier to be done, as in the beginning of the moneth of March, and the feeds to be fowen in thofe places in the harveft time, to be beftow* ed much later.
The feeds that at will of the Gardener may be committed to the earth, either in Harveft, or Spring time, chiefly for the Kitchin or Pot, under a gentle aire, and in a battle ground, are thefe ; the Coleworts, Navew, Artichoke, Endive, Lettice, Dill, Rocket, Co-liandcr,Parceiy,Fenell, Radifh, Parfnip, Carret, and fundry cithers. Yet thefe by the report of the skilful, come better forward, being fown in the moneth ©f July„ the Country there hot; but in the Country temperate, the feeds ought rather in the moneth of Augujl \ and in the Country being cold, in the moneth of September. Thofe feeds committed to the earth in warme and calme dayes,profper far better then thofe being fown in hot and nipping colddayes: for that the warme comfortably draw up the plants, whereas the hot dales (in a contrary manner ) doc drie, and the bitter cold (hut the earth*
The feeds which the Gardener minds to beftow in the earth,
oughtThe Gardeners L,abyrin(h*'	3^
ought not to be above a yeare old, and that bruited have a white meale within and full, for otherwife being over old, or withered, they will neither grow, nor profit at all* The frefiher and newer that the feeds be at time of the bellowing in the earth, as the Leek, the Cnetimber, and the Gourd, fo much the fooner thefe breake, and appeare above the earth : contrary-wife, how much the older the feeds fhall be, as the Parcely, Beets, Organy, Grefles, Peni-roy-all, and Coliander, fo much the fpeedier do thefe (hoot up, and appeare above the earth,fo that the feeds before the fowing be not corrupt. :
Chap. XIX.
Ctr taint precepts of the skjlfut in our time, for the fearing of many detectable floater s3 and tender hearbsj with the obfervat'tons of the . Aloone, in thefe and in other matters ncceffary.
THe latter writers of Hushandrie report, that thele tender Hearbs, and pleafant flowers, as the Marjoram, Savery, hearb Fluellin, Buglofle, the bleffed Thiftle, the hearb Angelica, Vale-riane,Balme, Annis,DilliFenel, Organy, Mines, Flue, or hearb Grace, Sperage, Arach, Spinach, Beets, Endive, Borage, Rocket, Taragone,Parcely, Sorrell, Endive, Strawbery,Lettice, Artichoke, and fundry others, the Marigold of* all kinds, Role campion, the red and white, the Flower Armoure, the Flower Petilius, the Goi lumbine white and blew, fweet Johns, the Pinck, Hearts eafe, the Piony, red Lilly, hearb Sticas, or Lavender gentle,Batehclers-but-ton, the Gelly-flower of all kinds, the Carnation, and many o-ther, ought rather to be committed to the earth in the Ipring time, and fown in ihe moneths oiMareb and April for they fpeedier come; forward, then bellowed in the moneth of February, herein confi-deringtheftate anddiverfity of the time. The feeds alfo of the, tender herbs committed to the earth in an apt time, and the moon in her fit ft quarter, do the fpeedier (hoot up, being fpecially fown after (howers of raine, on funny and war me places, fas lying open all day to the Sun ) which on fuch wife do the fooneli and fpeedieft breake, yea and appeare about the earth. For which caufe, a diligent care muft be had in the bellowing of tender feeds, that the
wind«40	The Gardeners Labyrinth.
wiodc then bloiveth not from the North, nor done in cold and clofe daye? j for thefe both include the feeds In the earth, and hinder their growing and (hooting up.
Seeds bellowed in hot places« doe fooner yeeld their ftems and leaves, yea thefe fpeedieft give their feeds. Such time ufe in the fowing of your feeds, as may be both mild and warme, in that warm daies following fpeed more forward the feeds bellowed.
As touching the molt feeds committed to the earth, they ought rather ( as afore uttered ) to be new, not revealed, but full, bigge, weighty, faire of colour, fatty or having ajuyee, which broken, give a white meale and not dry powder; for the feeds that after the breaking yeild a dry powder, do well declare them to be corrupt, and ferving to no purpofe.
The feeds thus tryed afore, and beftowed at that time in the earth, when (bowers fell a day or two before, and a temperate day at the fowing of the feeds, do very well profper the growing, and procure thefe to (hoot-up far fpeedier, in that a cold aire at the lowing, and a day or two after is known to be ha-rmefull to feeds, through the including of them in the earth, and hindering in their growth and (hooting up.
If neceflity forceth the Gardener to beftow any feeds or plants fa a fait earth,letthefe be either fet or fown about the end of harvelt, .whereby the malice and evill quality of the ground may be purged, through the (bowers falling ah the winter.
If the owner or Gardener mindeth to beftow young trees in this ground, let fweet earth or River (and be turned in with the fame.
The Greek writers of Husbandry (after whom Columella, and jRutilius ) will that all the kinds of pulfes, as Pealon, Haftings,Vet-ches, Tares, and fuch like, to be fown in a dry earth, faving the beanes, which rather joy to be beftowed in a moift ground.
What feed the Gardener mindeth to commit, ina well drefted earth, let thefe be beftowed from the firft day until the full light of the Moon, ( well nigh ) for that feeds fown in the wane of the Moone come up thin, and the plants infue weake of growth. Such trees as the Husbandman mindeth to build withali, let thole rather be cut down after the eonfent of the skilful in the laft quarter of the Moon, ((he fhining at that time ) of fmal light» yea near to her change, and under the earth.
In2'he Gardeners Labyrinth.	41
In the cutting downe and gathering of Corn« ( a* Macrobius willeth ) for the longer preferving of it, and the ftraw dry ( fo that the fame be done in a dry feafon ) doth better agree, being in the wane of the Moon.
Such crefcent things as the Garden (or Husbandman) mindet h othertvife to fel, ought to be cur, and gathered in the ful Moon, whereby the greatneffe thereof, fuch things may yield abetter file, and be dele&abler to the eye.
Such things as the Husbandman mindeth to preferve a long time moifl, as Apples, Pears, Wardens, and fuch like, let them (after the mind of the skilful) be rather gathered near the ful of the Moon.
For the committing of feeds to the earth, although the ancient Husbandmen preferibe proper moneths and daies, yet may every perfon herein keep the precept,according to the nature of place and a ire, fo that thefe diligently be conlidered, how certain feeds there are, which fpeedier fpring up,and certain which flower fpring up a* bovc the earth.
CHAP. XX.
flht commended tirAes to bt obferved, with the annoiance and incommeditj to be ejebt wed in the bejiowing of feeds and plants in the earth.
THe lingular D. Niger learnedly utteretb, that the mere of efti-mation the feedsand plants ate, with travels thereabout bellowed, fo much the circumlpe&er ought every Gardener and huf-bandmantobe; and the more inflrufUons and help the Gardener may attaine,and the greater danger he may therein avoid,the more Careful ought be and all others to be.
The daily experience is to the Gardener, as a Schoolmafter to infta&him, howmuch itavailethand hindreth, that feedstobe fown,plants to be fet,yea Cions to be grafted (in this or that time) having herein regard, not to the time efpecially of theyear, as the Sunne altereth the lame, but alfo the Moons inc*cafe and wane, yea tothe lign fhe occupieth, and places both above and under the earth.
To the afpc&s alfo of the other Planets, whole beams and influ-G	cuce#>4'»	Tbe Gardenas Labyrinth.
ence both quicken,comfort,preferve, and maintain, or elfe nip, wither,drie,confume,and delfruy by fundry means, the tender feeds» plants, yea and grafts, and thele after »heir property, and vertue natural or accidental.
Herein not to be forgotten, the apt choife and circutnfpe&ion of the earth, with other matters generally required in the fame» for which caufe ( after the mind of the skilful Aftronomers) and prudent experimen err,in either committing feeds to the earth & planting, or other like pra&ife to be'ufed about the feeds, plants and young trres, thefe rules following are to be underftood and- kept (which they have left to us for our commodity) in cafes ofimpor-tance, and where the occafion may be iniployed.
When the Moon and Saturnt, are either threefcore degrees of the ^<f/<ackafunder(which diftance in heaven)is named of the skilful' a Sextile afpeft, it is then commended to labour the earth,fow> arid plant,marked after this manner.*
v. But when thefe are 126 degrees afunder, which properly is ns« med a Trigon, or trine afpeft thus noted A for the more pa tjthen is rhat time better commended for labouring the earth, whether it be for tilling, gardening, fowing, planting, and fctdng, or cutting of Vines.
When the Moon and Saturne^ are wel «quarter of the Zodiak diftanf, which is 90 dregrees ( named of the skilful a quadrate afpeft)thus commonly marked □ then is denied utterly to deal in fuch matters.
The Moon being fix figns diftant from Satume, fo that he occu-pieth the like degree in TattriH3 as Saturne in Scorpio» or the Moon o-therwife in like degrees of Gemini to Satnrne (right againft) in Sa-gitarj, this afpeft together is difallowed of the expert Aftronomeis, and noted after this manner. 8.
The Mooq poflefiing her ful light at thofe times,is alike denied of *tbe skil ul ;' yea the Moon being near to that Seftion, named of rnoft Aftronomers the Dragons taile, is in like manner difallowed. for fbiving of fine feeds, and fetting of dainty plants. Here uttering . preceptsgeneral as wenbw do.- ‘
'. But the Moort appfoac.hed nfeir to that Seftion, named the Dragons head,the fame time for doing the like is very well commend-ed, all things before fuppofed agreeable. But to be brief, and to knit up other observations, anfwering to the Moons place efpecial-• ly, learn tbefe enfuing,	-	TheThe Gardeners Labyrinth*	43
The Moonincreafing and running between the 28 degree of rut, and and the 19 degree of the fign of Gemini, fow fine feeds,and plant dainty herbs# your earth afore prepared, and air« anfwera-ble.
But the Moon found between the 28 degree of Gemini, and the fixt of Cancer, (although fhe inereafe) yet beftow no dainty feeds in your earth prepared for the purpofe.
From thefixcdegree ofC«*cer,untothe 19 degree of the fame fign (fo that the Moon inereafe) both labour the earth,-fow fine feeds, and plant dainty herbs, herein regarding the condition of theatre.
From the 28 degree of the fign Leo, unto the 11. degree of Virgo, your feeds and plants of value fow andfet, th«warmeaireand Moon aiding thereto.
From the n degree of Virgo, unto the 24 degree of the fame fign, commit feeds to the earth, and fet up your dainty plants, fo that the wind then bloweth not from the North,nor the aire cold.
From the 24 degree of Virgo, unto the 7 degree of the fign Libra, labour the garden ground, and fow your fine feeds, fo that the Moon inereafe.
From the feventh degree of Libra unto the nlnteenth degree of the fame fign (the Moon anfwering thereto) fow and plant.
From the fixt of Capricormts, unto the ninteenth degree of the fame figne (both the Moon and aire aiding thereto) fow your fine feeds and dainty plants fet.
From the four and twentieth degree of Pifces, unto the feventh I degree of dries,the Moon increafing of light,and aire ealme, bellow ’ your feeds and plants in the well drefled earth, prepared for the only purpole.
Thefe precepts ofthe prudent experimenters, wel born away of' every careful Gardener, the feeds and plants nodoubt,fhall profper and inereafe the better.
Chap. XXI.
Certaine inffruffians more curious to be learned of every skilful Gardener, in the beftowing 0} feeds and dainty herbs in a mil drejjed earth.
9 j ''He learned Pliny worthy of memory, attereth a fperial note and rule of the ancient obfervers,to be learned of every careful G x	Gar«44 T/je Gardeners Labyrinth
Gardener, in the beftowing of feeds: that if he be occafioncd to commit feeds into a moift earth, or the feeds to bellowed are of a gre»t moifture, then (hall the Gardener commodloufly chufe the end of the Moons decreafe or wane, and near to her change.
In a contrary manner, the Garden ground of the drieft, or the feeds very dry, then in committing fuch feeds to the earth let the Moon be increafing, and drawing near to her full.
To the better furthering of theGardeners travels,he ought afore to confider, that the Garden earth be apt and good, wel turned in with dung, at a due time of the year, in the increase of the Moon, file occupying an apt place in the Zodiack, in agreeable afpe&of Satumt, and wel placed in the fight of heaven. All thefethus afore-hand learned, and with diligence bellowed, procure the plants the fpeedier to grow, and wax the bigger, if afore weighty, ful, &c. as before uttered in. the ninteenth Chapter, for otherwife this care and pains bellowed about the feeds and plants, nothing availeth the Gardener.
The yearly Almanacks do marvellouflyhelp the Gardeners in the ele&ioa for times, for fowing, planting and grafting, butefpeci-aliy in observing the Moon, about the beftowing of plants, as when the Moon increafing, oecupieth Taurus and Aquarius. But if it be for the fetting of young trees, let the feme be done in the Iaft quarter of the Moon,(he then being in Taurus,and in a conjun&ion with Venus,for fo thefe fpeedier take root in the earth,and the Gardener planting in cither Taurus and Aquarius,ot Virgo and Yifccs, mull as carefully take heed alwaies, that the Moon is not evil afpefted of Saturnt and Mars.
In the planting alfo of young trees, let the fame be done from the middle of Qfiober, unto the middle of Marcia, In the (owing of feeds, in a wel drelied earth, let the Moon run at thofe times in Taurus, Cancer, Virgo, Libra, and Capri cornu/.
But this diligently learn, that the feeds and plants increafe the better, if any of thefe lignes (hal be afeending in the Eaft-angle,and * that Mars neither behold the Afcendent, or the Moon by any afpeft, but dull be weakly fta nding in a weak place of the figure at that time.
Here might many other rules, as touching the particular favour, and hinderance of the Stars be uttered, but that it is not my intent in this Chapter to be tedious in words, or dark in fenfo For H	whichThe Gardeners Laby rintb,	45
which esufe,'let thefc few rules content the Gardener, who by exercifing of them, and through an inftruder, may invent other rule* more particular.
Yet I fear me, that the common fort of men wil fuppofe thefe rules to extend fomewhat above their capacity, which for zeale I bear unco my Country, moved me notwithllanding to urter and put fuch matter into their heads, procuring them thereby (that where the daintinefte and value of the feeds, and plants fo require) to requdf the counfcl of(bme skilful, that both may make plain thefeprecepts, and inftruft them in other rules alike, if need re* quireth.
To conclude, the Gardener muft here fuppofe all matters on his patt to be fully and duly firft prepared and wcl appointed,and then to attend, or diligently take heed cothofe times afore uttered for the working of the Planets and Stan, in the beftowing of feeds and tender plants in the earth*
Chap. XXII.
In xvhai [fact tftime feeds committed to the earthy hi the increase of ibt Alooriy commonly fljoot up and appear above ground,
FLorentius ( a Greek writer of Husbandry ) cunningly uttereth, that the naturalnefte of the ground, Che clemency of heaven, the favour of the weather, and age of the feeds, procureth that the feeds 6eing bellowed in the ground, do either fpeedier or later (hoot up into plants. For which caafe, the dainty feeds committed to the earth in a faire and warm day, the place hot or lying Or pen to the Sun, and the feeds new, do far fpeedier (hoot up, then thofc that being Town in a contrary feafon, place, and ground.
All feed* (own, do evermore appear above the earth at one certain time in a manner,for which caufe the Gardener ought to have regard unto the proper times anfwering to the beftowing of feeds, and gathering the fruits or yield of each feeds.
The Spin age, Rocket, Bafil, and the navew feeds, break and ap-, pear above the earth, after the third day lowing, if a warm aire fucceed.
The Lattice feeds bellowed in a wel drafted earth, do break and G 3	appearTtièGatdfMrÆabyrimk
appear above ground by the fourth day following» if the clemency of aire ayde thereto : the Cucumber and Citrone feed« beftowed in the increafe ofthe Moon, and Ihowers of raine falling the fame or the next day following, procure them to appear the fife day after,
' The feeds of that lightly hearbe, named the flower Armour» being fowne in the increafe of the Moone, and the aire favour, doe breake and appeare above the earth by the feventh or eight day following* > ?*.!•, i-*
< The feeds of the hearb Dill, beftowed in the earth, in the increafe of theMoon,do ( for the more parr) appeare by the fourth day fol!owing.v
i The feeds of the GardeifCreffes and M jftard, committed to the earth in the increafe of the Moon* do commonly appear above the ground by the fift day after,1;3 *“-M ,T. he Mek feeds (beftoWed id thé g round) in the Summer time, are feen above the earth by the hxtday following, but in the Winter time in welfdunged beds by the tenth day after.
The feeds of the hearb Rçcket, committed to the ground in the inci cafe of the Moon, appear by theeight day following.
Thefeedsof ail kinds of Coleworts, beftowed in welldreffed teds, afe evermore feen by the tenth day followingj if the cold aire hindereth not.
The feeds of the great Leeks beftowed in well dunged beds, ap-peare many times by the ninteenth,but oftner by the twentieth day following.
- The Coliander feeds, beftowed in well trimmed beds, and in the increafe of the Moon, are commonly feen above tbe earth by the five and twentieth day : but the young plants latter appear, if the feeds beftowed are ntw. '
; " The feeds of theOrgany and Savery, beftowed in light earth, and the Moon increafing,do appear above the ground by the thirty cth day following.
The Parcely feeds committed to the earth, and the increafe of the Moon, do commonly break and appear above ground,, by the fortieth day following, although they are not many times feen before the fiftieth day. v;;v,A;J,	7
Thus have I briefly uttered atrueand pleafant inftruftion, both for the age of feeds,and skii pf theGardener in fowing of them« For as I have above-faid, the Leeke, thé Cucumber, and Citorne
feedsThe Gardeners habyriHtlhxX. 47
feeds do fpeedier come up, being new feeds: in a contrary manners the feeds of the Parcely, Beets,Spinage, Credes, Savery, Organy, Peny-royal, and Coliander,the elder that thele are ( before the bellowing in the earth) the fpetdiec the feeds break aha appear above ground. ' '* •*’ • *'••••	-n-'	f	I
The feeds in like manner of tha Cucumber, fteeped in milke or Juke warme water for a night, and committed to the earth,under a warme jure, do far fpeedier break* and appear above ground. The Kkemay the Gardener conceive to be done with the feeds of the Artechoke, arid many other Hearbs, of which {hall particularly be uttf red in the proper places hereafter. . ’
The third monethsfowingi or father in A/jy, to fuch dwelling for North, of where fnow lyeth long, there (this bellowing of feeds ) better agreeth, efpecially where the quality of Summer is’ known tabemoifl. j
Buc in othet Countries(this like ) by a feldome hap anfwereth, feeds three moneths old committed to the earth in harvell time will better agree, being done in hot Countries, the Moon herein confidered-i : '	> ■	:	.	. H • .* .: . ■
The Gardener in his well trimmed earth* ( the time aiding ) may commit to the ground all worthy and excellent kind of feeds, plants, flips, kernels, and fuch like: but thefe for a trial beftow in the beds in your Garden. ■
So that in any new ki nds of feeds, not aflayed or proved before, the Gardener may not throughly hope that thefe wil profper in his ground-. 1 j 1' r-'
Thefe feeds committed to the earth in moift places, do fpeedier fhootup(the-Moon helping) then bellowed in dry ground: for which caule, ele&ion ufed in fowing of good and full feeds (in either ground) much availeth.' .	* ;
The feeds of fets bellowed in lhadowy places^lthough the earth be well laboured befor^do rarely or very ftldoro profper,and yeild their flowers	i. .	'•
The plants grown to their flower, may at that time ( after the mind of the Neapolitane Talladiut Kutilitu) be little or nothing handled, for doubt of corrupting their flower, or the fooner fhed-ding of them*
Chap.48	TheGardeuers.Ltbyrinth.
Chap. XXIII,
What are and diligen ce if required of every Gardener, in the plucking up» and cleare weeding away of all unprofitable hurbs granting among the GarcUn plants.
A Fter the feeds bung workmanly beftowed in the beddes, the Jy Gardeners next care mud be, that he diligently pull up, and weed away all hurtful and unprofitable hearbs, annoying the Garden plants comming up.
But about this cxcrcife in weeding of the beds, there is a difa-greement among the writers of Husbandrir. For certaine denie that the raking doth profit the plants any thing at all, in that by the rake the roots of the Garden plants are fo uncovered, and the plants with (he fame felled, and caufed to lye flat on the gronnd, which if cold weather enfue, are utterly killed with the nipping aire, for which caufe, they better thought of that weeding and cleanfmg exercife, by pulling up with the hand, fo that the fame were done in due order and time.
Yet it pleafed many Husbandmen in time paft to rake up the weeds in beds, yet not after one manner, nor at all times alike, but according to the ufage of the Country, the skill, and condition of th« weather: for which caufc, in what manner foever this exercife fhall be taken in hawi^ chai weeding (ball need or be required in thefe place*,-'-: the Gardener fhall. not attempt or beginne the ing of beds with the hand, beforeihi plants well fprung up, fhall feem to cover their proper beds, and that iii this high growth, the plants fhall be mixad and joy ned one to the other, according to^ . the nature and forme in their growth.
In this plucking up, and purging of the Garden beds of weeds and ftones, the fame about the plants ought rather to be excrcifcd with the hand, then"with an Iron inftrument, for feare of feebling the young plants,yet (mail and tender of growth.
And in the weeding with the hand, the Gardener mud diligenc* ly take heed that he doe not too boifteroufly loofc the earth, nor handle much the plants in plucking away of the weeds, but the fame purge fo tenderly, that the roots of the young plants be not Ioofed and feebled fnthe foft earth : for occafion will move the
care-TbeGdrdcners Labyrinth.	49
carefull Gardener to weed dainty hearbs, being yet young and tender» left groffe weeds in the growing up with them» may annoy and hinder their increafing. Therefore the young plants in forne readinefle to be taken in hand, ought not to be ftayed until their ftrong and big growth, but weeded in the mean time, for doubt of the inconveniences above uttered. But the common heaths for the Kitchin, the Gardener fhal not begin to weed before they be grown ftrong in root, and big (hot up. And this learn, that if the earth beloofe and (oft at the time of weeding the dainty plants, you may not then loofe and pull up weeds, but in a foft and tender manner: and yet fine hearbs require all times to be weeded, fo that (howers of raine have well foftned the earth a day before.
The walking or treading often about the beds of the little end tender plants (hooting up, loofeth much the foft earth about them, yea this fofettleth down the ground by the helpc of (howers of raire falling, that the weeds growing up in thofc beds,’ are caufed the harder to be plucked up. And fometime the roots of the weeds in the plucking up with the hand are left behind, through this faft-nes cau fed of the earth.
Here remember, that you never take in hand or begin the weed« ing of your beds, before the earth be made foft, through the (lore of rain falling a day or two before.
Here conceive, that the clipping, plucking away, and prefling down offundry hearbs with Tiles or other weighty things, after they be grown to fome greatnefle, is to great purpofe, for fo much as this cau(ctl\ them to keepe the longer green, and to yeild the thicker, bigger, and fairer turfs, befides the letting of the hearbs, that they grow not up into (eed, and to give thele a pleafanter favour, then the fame that before they pofiefled in their growth (imply*
As by alike means and ordering,hath theLetiice,Cabbadge,and Coleworr, may be caufed better and more pleafant of cade, then the leaves (imply growing, without any (uch manner of ordering.
In the like condition do the Radifti and Navew roots grow the fairer and bigger if divers of the green leaves (after fome growth^ be handfomely clipped or broken off.
But of the apt ordering of thefe two laft, in caufing their ropts to be far bigger then cuftomable, and pleafanter in ufte,ftull more fully be uttered in their proper Chapters hereafter, in the fecond part of this treatife.	H	CHAP.5® The Gardeners Labyrinth,.
Chap. XXIV.
The commended times for watering of the Garden Beds, and what manner of water ought neceffarily be ufed to plants^ with the latter inventions of divers veffcls aptef for this purpofe.
'T'He beds being furnifhed with feeds in due age of the Moone, JL requireth diligence (if the aire fufficiently moiftneth not) in the watering of them) left the ground being very dry of the proper nature, may through the drith for the lack of raine, caufe both the feeds and tender plants Ihoot up, to periih and drie.
’ For which caufe every Gardener ought carefully toconfider the-condition and property of the earth of his Garden, whether of it /elf the fame be very moift, or over dry, which two extrcame* learned, he may with'more diligence beftow paines about the watering of the Garden beds, fo often as need fhall require.
And for that the feafons in a manner, fufhciently inftruft every owner and Gardener, when to water the plants come up,it lhal not Be ( of my part) a new inftru&ion to utte’r unto them, the daics and times necefiary to water the plants, (eeing the youngeft of any diferetion know that the beds chiefly require watering after a drought, or when many hot dayes have chanced together, as the like efpecially edmmeth to paffc in the fummer time, about (he Cofmick riling of the Canicular or dog Star, which with us commonly happeneth about the feventeenth day of July a And this watering of the beds, ought rather be done ( as Pliny witneffeth ) in the morning, foon after the Sun riling) and at the evening when the Sun poflefleth a weak force above the earth*The reafon this Author alleadgeth of the fame, is, that by watering at the hot time of the day as at noon, the water then made hot by heat of the Sunne, would fo burn the young and tender roots of the plants* And in this watering of the beds, the Gardener muft have a lpeciall care and regard, that he moilten not the plants too much) left cloying them too much with water, they after wax feeble and periih. The water belt commended for watering of the plants,is the fame drawn or gotten out of the River, or other narrow ftreatn ebbing and flowing; or ellefweedy running one way, through the helpe of Springs falling into it. But if the Gardener be forced to ufe Wel-
water,'The Gardeners Labyrinth.	51
water, drawn efpecially out of a deep Well, or the water out of forne pit: he ought then to let the fame drawn up, Hand for two or three daies together, or at the lead for certain hours in the open aire, to be warmed of the Sun, left the fame being new drawn up, and fo watered or fprinckled forth on the beds both raw and cold, may feeble and kill the tender young plants comming up.
The age alfo of the plants, (hall greatly direft the Gardener to know how much and how fmall he ought to moiften them at each time needfull, for the tender young plants new come up, requite a lefler watering, and the fame gently where the heat bs more grown, wil joy to be plentifully moiftened with the w^ter temperate warm. And this water ought gently to be fprinkled forth on the beds, with a watering pot, and by other meanes,which after Shall be de-raonftrated, that the roots of the young hearbs may alike drink in of the water, and not to be cloyed through the over faft, or too much moifture fprinkled on them, by which doing, thefe the rather retaine the fpirit vanquishing,procured to paflfe thorowthe exhalation of the earth. For which caufe,the beds at one inftant Shal not fully be watered, but as theearth and plants drink in, fo gent* ly fprinckle forth the water, in feeding the plants with moifture, as by a breft or nourishing Pap, which like handled, Shall greatly profper the tender plants comming up, where they other wife by the hafty drowning with water, are much annoyed, and put in hazard of periShing,
To the water Handing in the Sunne, if the owner or Gardener xnixe a realonable quantity of dung, after his discretion, this mixture no doubt will be to great purpoSe,for as much as the fame gently wateied or fprjnkled abroad,procureth a proper nourishment to the tender plants and young hearbs comming up.
The cold as well as the fait water, is known to be enemy unto all kinds of plants, yet The fbrafluj reporteth, that the Salt water is more proper for the watering of certain plants, then any other.
The common watering pot for the Garden beds with us, hath a narrow neck,big belly, fomewhat large bottom, and full of little holes, with a proper hole formed on the head to take in the water, which filled full,and the thumb laid on the hole to keep in the aire, may on fuch wife be carryed in handfome manner to thofe places by a better hqlp aiding, in the turning and bearing upright of the bottom of this pot, which needfully require watering.
H 2	The$ 2	I The Gardeners fcaby rinth.
The watering pot beft to be liked, and handfomefffor this turn». both for the finely fprinckling forth, and eafie carriage of water in the fame from place to place in the Garden, is that much u&d m the chiefeft Gardens about London, and in divers parts oi England now known, whofe form is after this manner, the body wholly of Copper, having a big belly and narrow neck, a.ftrong handle of the fame mattal workmanly faftned to the belly and head, to carry the pot if need be to places in the Garden : but for a more, eafinefle and quicknefiein carriage of the pot upright and ful,is an , other ftrong ring or handle faftned artly to the lips of the pot,much . like to the Barbers wfcter-pot carried abroad, that ferveth to non»' Other turn, faving for the eafie carriage of the pot ful of water to needful places: but this other handle efpecially ferveth to fprinklc forth the water by the long pipe ful of little holes on the head,that fome name a pumpe, which reacheth from the bottom, unto the head of the pot, for the handfomer delivering forth of the water, the handle in the mean time guiding this long pipe of the pot, until all the water be fpent.. * *
The Gardener poffefling a Pump in his ground, or faft by, may With long and narrow troughes wel direft the water unto all beds of the Garden,' by the pathes between, in watering fufficiently the roots of all fuch herbs, which require much mohture. But for a plainer undcrftanding of this, 1 have here, demon ft rated the form,; to the eye,.
TheThe Gardeners Labyrinth.
53
There befome which u(e to water their beds with gte.<t Squirts, madeofTin, in drawing up the water, and fetcing the Squirt to the breft, that by for« fquirted upward,' the warer in the breaking may fall as drops of raine on the plants, which (undry times like fquirted on the beds,doth fufficiently feed the plants with moifture.
The owner or Gardcner4enjoying a Pond with water, in his gar-; den ground,or a ditch of water running fail by,fo thatthe fame be, fweet, may with an inftrument of wood(named of moft men a skiff) * fufficiently water all thebedsof the Garden, with'great eafe and * expedition.
Such plants which come (peedieft forward, through much moi- -ilure bellowed on them,as the Cucumber,Mellon, Gourd, and ilin-dry others, the Gardener may with far greater eafe and travel wa- ; ter after this manner, in taking Wollen cloathes or Lifts, and thefe like tongues cut (harpat the one end, which lay to the bottom of ■ the pot, filled with water, the (harp end hanging forth, welfour fingers deep, and the pot leaning fomewhat forward, that thefe # may throigh the continual dropping, haftily fpeed the increafe of •the abovefaid plants, fothat to each plant a like pot prepared be fet, which manner of doing, is termed filcring*
CHAP.m
' The Gardeners Labyrinth.
Chap. XXV.
At what times divers plants fprungup, ought to he removed and fet again, at out of one be dor border into another,1 with the breaking or flipping of fundry f ets from old bodies, which withskjl require to be beflowed in the earth.
T He Husbandman or Gardener,which would have plants grow unto a greater-bignefs then cuftomable, ought to remove after four or five leaves be wel come up,and fet them again, as out of one bsd bellowed inco another, and like from one border into another. Although the owner may (at all fealbns)difpofe plants, at bis will and pleafure, yet is it better commended, that all plants be changed into other earth prepared whert fhowers of rain have wel moift-ned and Ccfcned t he ianie.
. The plants alfo removed, and fet again hito! a fat earth wel laboured and dreffed, needeih bdidea, as)Co/»tfje//j: wittiefteth, noo-ther amendment by dung.
The skilful A’eapolitane ('Valladiui KutiUus") hV hi* worthy work of husbandry reporteth, that when the Gardener bath bellowed
fun-The Gardeners Labyrinth.	55
fimdry kinds of feeds in one bed together, which after the diligenc wateriog be fo rifen. that four or five leaves of divers plants are fprung above the earth, fuch then after this Authours con fen t, may wel be removed and fet again (into beds worfcmanly prepared) a certain diltance afunder, being fuch plants, that (before the fetting) require to have tops of the leaves, and ends of the rbots cut off,whereby they may the freelier grow up broad in tough ©r bigin. roots.
, Thofe kinds of feed, which after the committing to the earth,, and diligent watering, need not, after certain leaves fprung up,' to be removed, may the owner or the Gardener beftow (as Rutilms witnefleth) in the beds the thinner, the Moon herein remembred.
The worthy Columell* ( in inftruftions of the Garden) willeth the owner or Gardener, having occafion to pull up plants, and fet them again in beds, and that the ground the fa me time ( for the; lack ofraine, be over drie and hard ) to moiften andToften well thftearth a day before, With water fprinkled forth, by a watering; pot, ferving onely to that ufe.* ,
And certain of thefe, which require to be fet a good difiance a^ funder,the worthy Rutilittf willeth to clip off the tops of the young leaves, and the ends of the roots to cut away, before th*e bellowing again in beds workmanly prepared, as like the Colewort, Cab--badge, Lettice, great Leeke, Navew, and Rape.
Again, a good diftance afunder,are the Cucumber,Gourd, Mellon, Artechoke, Nigella Rontana, and fundry other, which this placed in beds artly prepared, may the readier and handfomer be weeded, and cherifhed by the earth digged about, fo often as need lhall require; whereby the plants, through help of diligenc watering, and furtherance of the Moon in fetting, are after procured to increafe the better, and dele&abler to the eye*	1
The young fets for the Garden ( of pleafant delight and fmell) may the owner or Gardener alfo bellow in borders at all ‘feafons, y ( although better commended to be done in the fpring time ) in breaking off the flips or branches of one yeans growth, from the : bodies of old ftocks, and in wreathing the ends abocr, fo to fet ahem a good depth into the earth, the Moon at that time drawing . near to her change, and known to be under the earth, which much > furthereth the fets in thefooner taking of root.
But the skilful Colwnella rather willeth, to cleave the end of the ;
brancht*6	Lhe Gardeners Labyrinth.
branch or (lip beneath, in which cleft an Oat grain to be thrufted or put, and in the letting deep into the ground, to bellow Oat graines round about the fame,(the Moon then near to her change) rather then any dung.	.>
As the young hearbs which the Gardener' mindeth to remove, need noc( faith this Columella} to be ftriked about the roots with . any dung,but rather that the ends of their roots (before the fetting again ) be cut off, as I above uttered.
The Marigold, Daaie, Columbine-, Primrofe, Couflip, Tweet Iohn,Gilly-flowers, Carnations,Pincks, and fundry othe» deleft a-
•	ble flowers, are procured to increafe the bigger, fairer,and doubler, if the owner or Gardener do often change thefc into beds, work-manly prepared, the Moon at thofe times confldered,to be increasing ot light, and that a diligence beflowed in the often watering.
As touching the pulling up of fundry dainty hearbs of pleafant favour, and that thefe to be fet again in beds (orderly prepared ) after the courfe of the Moon, with a care and diligence to be be-ftowed particularly on moft plants of the Garden, (hall at large be .uttered in the fecond part of this treadle, where we purpote to treat of many laudable and weighty matters belides.
The plants ( which after certain leaves fpting up) need not to be removed into o> her beds, are the Spinage, Arach, Dill, Sperage,
*	Sorrel, Cherviie, Parcely, and divers other of like fort.
Chap. XXVI.
Particular Rules for the [owing, fetting, watering, and ordering ef feveral Plants, Roots, Flowers, and herbs for Gardens.
HAving digged and prepared your Garden (as isaforefaid) into Beds or Borders ; I wil now (hew you the beft order and manner for lotting and fowing of the chiefcll Plants, Hearbs and Flowers moft now in requeh. v	, *
Firft, In the fetting of Hearbs or Flowers, be lure that you chute no ftalk or flip that hath bloffoms or buds on it, or thole which are fpingled, for fuch will hardly ever take or grow-
When you fet any Hearb, Flower, or Plant, you mull the next
dayThe Gardeners Labyrinth.	$ 7
day a little moiften the ground in the morning, and fo keep the ground moi ft, until they be wel rooted by watering.
The beft watering which is certain, ( except your ground be new made ground,with half dung)is to make a hole with a Dibble a lit* tie from the herb or plant, a dope to the root,and fo water the root under ground, for water rotteth and killeth above ground.
And whatsoever you low, cover it with earth, but fo thin as you can,for if they be too deep fet or fown,moft feeds, kernels,and fuch like, wil never come up.
For Setting of any thing, be Sure to make the earth very wet, then half a foot over lay on dry mould, making it io dofe ( with beating it with your Spade ) as you can, then fet in your hearbs or plants, thrufting the earth very hard to the ròot.
Hearbs for works may be watered, but plants tnuft not be wet above ground, ( as is before faid ) for rotting.
Never water but in a morning, except in June or July, and then you may water about four of the clock in the afternoon.
F or Setting, Sowing, or planting, it is beft when the weather is warm, and the ground neither too wet nor too dry at thè top, but fo moift as it will not ftick to your fhoes as after a froft : And for the time of the Moon, I hold the fécond day before the new Moon to be the beft for molt things j but for flowers, a little after the change, or new Moon.
The ground which you will fow at the fprirtg, muft be digged at Michaelmas, and good dung then trenched the digging.
The beft time for fowing is in February, March, or April • But for fetting of Hearbs, March, and the beginning of April is beft : And thofe Hearbs which fpring out of the ground in February, muft bé fet in February,	/
Chap. XXVII.
Here followeth the ordering of the Kitchtn Garden, for Tlanis, Hearbs, Roots, 8tc. Andfirjl for Cncntnbiri, Tampions, Mmmillions, Cabbadges, and Gillyflowers.
IN the mklft of April, or in the beginning of May ( as the Moon Shall happen to be in the wane ) dig a ditch about a yard deep, I	and58	The Gardeners Labyrinth.
and lay fome tluee quarters of a yard of Horfe dung therein * then cover the dung over a foot thick with good earth,laying your feeds . -alongon the earth dry, and cover them an inch thick with light .earth, and every night ( untill May be pail) cover them with a Wet cip'h or flraw, to keep away the frort, and uncover them in the day time: And note, that when the Cucumber hath three leavei;,
,you may then remove them to other place?, if you pleafe. The .Pupipjon Tceds fhould be fet a finger deep in the earthy and the Cabbadges (hould be removed when they are a handiull high.
Farfuep feeds may be Town in OGober, in the wane of the Moon $ but if they prove not, fow more feeds in February following j and to make the roots the bigger and fairer, in dry weather tread down the tops and leaves of them.
Carrots are to befowH in the latter end of April, or the beginning of May.
Lurneps groweth beft in a fandy earth, and fhould be Town at the time that Carrots arc: But if you will have them for Lentjfo w them in Auguft, at the wane of the Moon.
: ) fOnyms mult have a rank fat ground half dung, fow them in February ; you may fow Onyons feeds, and Lettice feeds, and Radifh feed? mingled together in one plot, for Sallets at the fame time in' a hot ground : fet Onyons for Scallions, and to feed in OGober.
Garlike defireth a temperate ground, nottooranck, and it is good fetting it in February or OGoher.
Leekf liketh a rank ground, and would be fowed in OGober.
. Radifto defireth fuch ground as the Onyon doth, fow it in Fe-bruary, and all Summer, every moneth before Woodfeer, in the wane of the Moon for fear of feeding, and you fhall have them al-ivaics frefh and young j but after Woodfeer you may fow them ?t any time of the Moon.
Sperms muft be fet in the wane, about the latter end of S<ptem-her, or beginning of OGober j for all roots fhould be fowed in the Wane of the Moon.
Lettice fown in Attguft will live all Winter, but if you fow them in March, they will be fo bitter that they cannot be eaten.
Farßey fhould be fowed about the beginning of Auguft, and it will be frefh in the fpring of the year, and it loveth the fhade : The feeds of Parfley and Marjarom will lye fix weeks in the ground before tbey come up,
! •	IfoftThe Gardeners Labyrinth, 1
Ifop may be fown in feeds in April, but they will not laft., the roots that are young are good to fet, but the flips are belt.
Aiarigulds may be fown in Augufi for the lpring, you may remove tre Plants about two inches long, they will grow the big* ger.
Alexandits is fowed in March or Aprils you may remove the roots, and they will grow the next year.
Borage and Buglas are (owed in the fpring, and dyeth that year.	.
Succory and Endive are fowed in March or April^emowe them before the fpindle, and they will be better.
Firy-toyal, the roots parted, or the branches fet into the ground, being moift will grow.	.	.	_
Mints, either the roots fet, or the branches being cut in divers peeces and fet in the earth, being wet will profper.
Savtry fowed in the fpring commonly dyeth, but being removed it will live in Winter.
lyme is fowed or fet in the Spring, and both feeds, SlipSj and root8 will grow, keep it from feeding, and it will laft threr or four years. “
7 an fie may be fowed in March or April, the roots being removed wil profper wel.
B'.oodrvort may be fowed in the Spring, or the roots being new fee wil lafl long.
DandAjjn may be fowed in March or April, and may be ordered as the former.
Sage is beft to be fee in Slips in April or May, if you would have it laft long, fuffer it not to feed, but if you pleafe you may fow the feeds in the fpring.
Cardus Benedittuf mull be fowed in the fpring, for it will dye in Winter.	.	:	!
Wormwood is beft to be fet in Slips, it will laft three or foure years.	• . .
Clay is to be fown in_the fpring, it feeds the fecond yeare and then dies.	.......
Fennel may be fown in the fpring or fall, or you may fet the roots, it will continue many years.
Sweet Marjoram may be (own in April^but they wil dye in winter, but if you fet the Slips they will profper.
1 2	Arti-6o	Th$ Gardener* Labyrinth.
' Artichokes conye of young Plants taken fxom an old flock ; the beft time to plant them is in IVWri? or April, two dayes before the full Moon,( yet fornq plant them in Augufi-,) Set no plants, if you may have choice, butt hofeiyhich have the bottom knobs whole, neither pluck any plant from the flock till it be flrong, and if the bottom knobs be pilled off ar.d broken, it will hardly grow. And when you would take the Plants from the flock, dig the earth away half a foot deep round about the flock, and pull the ea th clean from the flock ; then thruflyour thumbs between the flock and the Plaht, and Qtye them off,keeping the bottom whole and unbroken» When you would fet them, take a Spade and dig a hole,into which put ftraw allies mingled with earth wel wet with water ; and then make a hole a little deeper where you will fet them, fpreading the roots of the plants, and put the wet fluff® to them very clofe, and Cover it an inch with, dry larth, fetting them no deeper then they « grew in the ground before: And let them be fet fome two foot one from the other in rows, placing the next row againfl the middle of the other ^ alfo, when you water your young Artechokes, make make a trench about them, wetting the ground temperately, not dirt wet, nor wet not the leaves,or any part of them above ground:. After raine, when the earth dryeth again, tread the earth clofe to the young Plants, that the wind get not to their roots.
The ground which Artechokes loveth, is a fat warm earth, that bath been made fat with dung turned to prefent earth, for dung cf it felf is too hot, breeding wormes, which will fpoile the roots , and they defire to enjoy the prefence of the Sun all day,and be fure to weed them wel. You mufl gather your Artechokes (cutting them almoft a foot from the ground ) when their top beginneth to o-pena little; and with your foot'break off the ftalk left on the ground^ treading it afide on both fides, about the latter end of Augufi; it will breake off at a joynt at the ground, then take a-way the ftalk, and pul away all the leaves at the roots: The ftalks being fo broken, caft a little earth on the top of the root, and this will mak, it (hoot out again with young» which by Odober following will be great and ftrong-leaved; And thefe be the good plants which you mufl fet in the Spring: And note, that the two leaves next before the ftrong Plant, fet abdlit the middle of April, will bcare as foon as the plant fet in February• And if you mean to have great and good Artechokes, fuffer but one to grow upon each ftaJk from the root	Peaft'the Gardeners Labyrinth.	61
feajeand Beams for theGarden mufthave their feed changed every y'earc, if not, the increafe will be very final, and grow leffe and leflt, form three yea res, the great Rounfeval and great Bean will be no bigger then the wild ones, do what you can to your ground, if you fetor fow them which grew there before j and fo likewlfe it is with Corn, if the feed be not changed.
If you fet Peafe in February, fettheman inch and a half deep, but if you fet them in March or April, fet them but an inch deep ; but be fure you let them in tke wane of the Moon, fome fix or (even dayes before the change, or elfe you will have a great Cod,and but final Peafe* and let them be fetfomeeight Inches afunder: And to have Peafe long, and have them often, fet them in feveral plots, fome in February, fome in March, and others in April: A quart of Peafe will ferve to fet a good plot of ground } Peafe and Beanes willprofper wellbeing fet under any Trees; and beingfown in temperate wet weather, they will appear above ground in ten or twelve dayes, but being fet in cold weather, it will be a moneth, or longer before they will appear.
Chap. XXVIII.
Expert and certaine rules, for the forping, planting andfetting of mojl deled able Flowers and Hearbs in ufejfor adorning a Summer Gar-den, or Garden of pleafure and delight
THe life of man in this world is but a thraldom, when the Sen-ce* are not pleafed? and what rarer objeft can there be on earth, (the motions of the Celeftial bodies excepted ) then a beau-tifull and Odoiiferous Garden plat Artificially compofed, where he may read and contemplate on the wonderfull works of thtl great Creator, in Plants and Flowers; for if heobfervetb with a judicial eye, and a ferious judgement their variety of Colours, Sent?, Beauty, Shapes, Interlacing, Enamiling,Mixture,Turnings, Windings, Embofments, Operations and Vertues, it is mod admirable to behold, and medicate upon the fame. But now to my Garden of Flowers and fweet Hearbs, and firft for the Rofe.
Kofes are of feveral forts and Colours, as White, Red, Damask, Province,Musk and Sweet-bryer, &c. Of all the Flowers inthe 13	Gar-($2	The Gardeners Labyrinth.
Garden, this is the chief for beauty and fweetncfs: Rofe-trees are commoYiiy planted in a plot by themfelves, (if you hare roome enough ) leaving a pretty (pace betwixt them for gathering : Now far to get and jet your plants, you muft do thus, In the latter end oi Jam* try, February, or beginning of March, ( at the increafe of the Moon,) go to fome old Rofe-trees, ( but not too old ) and you lhall find long young Suckers or Branches, which fpring up from the root of the tree the laft year; dig a hole fb deep, that you may cut away thofe Suckers clofe to the root, ( but take heed of wounding the tree,) then fill up the hole again with earth very clofe and hard; Thefe Suckers mull: be your plants for youngTrces, If the"Suckers have too many branches cut them away, alfo the tops of them, and they will take root the better: Then where you intend to let them, dig holes in good ground at leaft a foot deep, and, let them a good depth, treading in the earth hard about them, leaving a little trench neer them for watering, till they have taken root: Your IVovaft. Rofcs wil bear the fame year you fet them. You may if you pleafe, plant Strawberies, Primrofcs, and Violets amongftyour Rofe-trees, and they wil profpervery wel,
Gjty.'fiav&'f, Carnations, or July.flowers, ( fo called, becaufe in jfaJy'they are in their prime and glory; ) thefe for beauty and lent are next the Rofe; they are of feveral curious Colours, andfmel-leth like to Cloves, and therefore of lome are termed Clove-July-flowers ^ thefe are to be let of young Slips without fhanks, taken fro n the old body or root; and when you fet them, leave one joynt (next to the leaf) at the top of the ground, fo that the ground be above the top of the middle joynt, for if you fet any part of the leaves within the ground, your Giliy-flower heads wil never prove. Earthen pots arc good, which have holes in or neer the bottom,in which pots plant your July-flowers,and in dry weather, twice a week in the Summer time fet them in a Tub of water for three hours, or more, but let no water come to the top efthe pot,but the rain,the pot wil fuck up fufficicnt moiftureat the bottom holes; you need never take in your pots but in froft.
Stack,-July formers are very fweet, and are of feveral Colours, they feed plentifully, which you may fow, other wife you may fet the Sli^s, and they will profp^r very wel.
IFaU-Jnlj'jhrvirs, or Wal-flowcrs, ufually growing on Walls; for they delight to grow in Lime or Morter, they will fometimes
feera'the Gardeners Labyrinth.	- 63
feem dead in Summer, and be green and bear flowers in Winter, they beare ftor.e of feed, which'you may fow or fet the Slips'* Jt you wil have them grow upon Wwall, dig,little holes between the bricks or ftones with an old knii,and put in the feeds ind they wil grow there.
lutipf auevery beautyful flowers,but have'no fent, they adorn a Garden wel,orthehcufe; their roots are like Onyons, which you muft fet irt January if there be no froft *; and after they have done bearing, about Micbailnus take up the roots cut of 'the ground, which wil be double, and keep them dry in a Box or Paper again!! the next year.
Primrofes, fo called, being thefirft flower in the fpring, they are very fiveet, growing both Angle and double * when the roots grow top great, in the fpring part them in two, or three parts, and fet them again, though they be flowered they wil grow.
Cove flips are dainty fweet flowers, they grow both Angle and double, if the roots grow broad, you may fever them as you did the Ptimrofe.
Violets is a timely flower, and very fweet, you muft get fome few roots and fet them in the fpring, the roots wil foon grow arid fpread themfelves abundantly.
Harts-eaft or Panfies, they are in fha[ e almoft like a Violet, they fhed their feeds and dye, but come thick up the next fpring.1,
Lavender is wonderons fweet both leaf and flower, the Slips are beft to be twined and fet about Michaelmas.
Daffadowndillies is a timely flower, good for fticw, their roots will grow double as the Tulip, which being parted niuftbenew fet.
Marigolds fhew pleafant, and a rcalonable fein, you may fow* them of feeds, or let young Plants.
D.afeys be red, white, ana mingled Colours,they do nuke a pretty fhew in a Garden in the fpring, their roots growing too chick or broad, are tobc parted, and new let.
Flowtr-deluce iheweth wel in a Garden, the roots are to be fevered and new fet, which being dryed Imelleth fweet.
Lillies that are red fhew pleafantly, but have no lent, their root* grow as Garlike double (but bigger ) which being parted and new 'fet, wil grow again.
IPbite Lillies, their roots are not like the red, yet they
muftgjj.	Tlx Gardeners Laby rinth
mud bee parted, the dower hath a very fweet fcnt.
Turfy-Caps, they are almoft inCoIour like the red Lilly,and their roots are to be parted, and fet as the Lilly.
Creeps mud be ufed and let as tjie Tulip, if you letitinyour Borders, ic will make a pretty Ihewin the fpring.
Lupine/ commeth of feeds fet in April or Marcfc,it beareth a dainty Bower, and the green leaves a re of a drange lhape, it beareth Cods like (mail Beanes, in which are the feed.
HoHy-bocfy are white and red, you may low them of feeds, or plant the root.
, Pyonie mud have the roots parted and fet,the green leaves Ijiread-eth very broad, it beareth a great beautifull red Bower,bigger then a Role.
Monks-hoodh a very pretty fhaped flower, it mud be fowed of feed in the fpring.
French-mallows maketh a handfome Ihew, they are to be fewed of feed in the fpring.
Poppey hatha very faireflower» and of a pretty colour, it mud be fowed of feeds in the fpring.
Saffron ftowereth about Michaelmas when other flowers fade; it is to be fet of roots, which ought to be removed every third year about Midfummer.
Batcbehrs Buttons come of feed fowed in the fpring, or the roots may be planted.
Siveet-Sijhy hath a pleafant fent, you may low the feeds, or part the roots and fet them.
may like wife be fowed of fced, or the roots planted.	.«	»
FI rm\f ofthe&wsgroweth very high, and Beareth a great yellow Flower as big as the crown of a hat, it openeth and Ihutteth with the Sun ( as the Marigold ) the feeds mud be fet in February or M arch about half a finger deep.
Stroakeries are white, red, and green; but the bed Strawberies are gathered out of the wood, which have roots wel bearded ; fee them in January, February, or in Augufl, three inches one from the other, in the beginning of the lad quarter of the Moon *, it is good planting them among your Rofe-trees (as is faid ) for they naturally delight to grow in fhady places.
CHAP.The Gardeners Labyrinth.	65
Chap. XXIX.
Hirffollomtbtbe order of [owing and fetting of green and {met heaths *j	for the Summer Garden,
A Ngelica groweth high and broad, and lafteth long, you may ii fow it of feeds in the Spring, or the roots may be removed after the firft year.
Lovage groweth mush like to Angelica, and is to be ordered in the like kind.
Fennel is to be fowed of feeds,or the roots fet either in the fpriag or fall.
knnjleedf commeth of feeds fowed,but it dyeth the firft year,and fo doth Coriander.	'
Elicampane may be fown of feeds, or divide the root and fet, this hcarb will endure long.
I fop may be fowed of feeds, or you may part the roots, or fet the Slips.
F y me may be fowed of Seeds in April, the roots may be paused, or fet Slips.
Savory is to be fowed of feeds In Aprily and will hardly grow in Winter, nnlefle the roots be removed.
Mints, peeces of the roots new fet, or the ftalks being cut in fe-verall peeces, will profper very wel, being fet in moift ground.
Permy-rayal is to be ordered as the Mints, it is good to fet in thp edges of your beds, or Borders, fo are Dafies.
Camomel is alfo good for the edges of Borders,' and it may be fet in banks to (it on, either the roots parted, or the peeces fet into the ground tvil grow.
Ctajl-maty may be (owed of feeds, or thé roots parted and fet ih March is beft.
F ether few is to be fowed of feeds in March or April.
Ocultu Chrijii is belt to be fowed of feeds, or you may remove the young Plants, and new fet them.
Sage may befçyved of fpeds, but the beft tyay is to fet the Slip* in thefpring.	*
T*nft may be foiyed of the feeds in the fpring, or you may remove the roots.
K	Herb£ 6	Tbe^ Gardiners Labyrinth.
Herb of GWcr, or K#r, the beft waie is to fet it of Slips, is green mod part of the year, and thrives bett in the (hade, Sotbern-wood is to be ordered as the Rue.
Marjoram is to be lowed of Seeds in April, and the Slips are to be fet in July.
Vutcb-Brx groweih green moft part of the year, it is pretde for Works or Borders ; you may part the Roots and fet them.
Refemarie is a tender herb', it is bcitjTesting of it in April j or in the end of March you muft fet fuch as hath no bloffoms, and as you take it from thé hranch'j and by no means donotfliveor tear your Slips, but cut them off a little from the bodie, leaving fome fe V leaves bchinde on the piece,and then it will grow again,other-wile it hnrteth the bodie, and it will never grow there again.
'	* f Chav. XXX.
1o have ft wall of Rofemary of a g eat height quickjy.
I) Efore you fet your Rofemary Slips in Afril, c r Marcb3yjra.p the 3bottpniend or (lip with Clay, about the brgnellc of a walnut, and fo put it into the ground, and it will grow the better: And a -bout Midjummer following, take it up again, being well rooted, or otherwife get fome that is roptcd,out of iome other Gardemthough it be half a yard (or more) in length, then make clofe to your wad ( where you intend to plant-your Rofemary) a trench, of what length you pleale, and about a foot deep, and as much in Breadth •• In this trench let your Rofemary Roots ; then fill the trench with water almoit to the top, and put in your earth by lit» ;tle and little : in this manner you may remove, a good pretty Tvee in ( which is late to remove any tree.) In this fort I have fet jRqfemary, which in two years hath (pread and covered a Wall, •and grown almoft two yards in height. 1 have alfo known Bowers , and Arbours made all of Rofemary, which was wondrous fweet and pleafanr.
Bay-trees wil come of the Bay-berry being fet in the fpring,or you may plant the young Suckers which fpring from the root*
Honey fuckles or Woodbine, you may get them in Woods or Hedges in the fields, but dig deep enough to nave their roots, prune them, and plant them againft a Wall or Pale, which will yeild amoft
com-77* Gardeners Labyrinth*	6j
comfortable Tent; thefe muft be taken up and planted, in January February ,or beginning of b/\arcb.	~
Hedgesy or Quicl^Jtts In your Garden, may be made either with theSuclcerabf Gooleberries, Currans, Pmet, or Hay thorny and planted in	ot February	the increafeof the Moon»
Fglanthit} or Smet-bryer,is to befet of Suckers alto,and in thaie moneths as the former s they will grow of the red Hips which they beare, but it will be longWore they come to any bignefs.
In Augujl', four dayes after the change, or three dayes before the full Moonj cut all your Hearbs within a handfull of the ground, then will they get hcadagaiuft Winter, and it will preferve them the better from hard weather; and in the end of September^ life earth or good mould upon them, to cover the roots well, other-wife the froft aind rain will beat the earth from their roots, that your hearbs will be in danger of killing. And fuch Hearbs a« you intend to keep againft winter, cut often, to keep them from feeding, ( for feeding doth kill nod hearbs ) and fothey will live the better in winter; Alfo, cut your hearbs feldom in the^wane of the Moon.
To have your Flowers great, remove them once in three yeares, the tecond or third day before the full Moon, and fo plant them in AK'ufl, as in Mjrclr, the weather being warm and the ground wet. Alfo, the tops of the leaves fetijn April or Afay} the ground being wet will grow.
T0 dry hearbs far Btotbj or for Chefs.
Dry them in Platters in the Sunne in Auguft in their Flowers* as winter Savory, Tyme, Marjoram} Peny-royal, Mints, Balm«, Rofemary tops,Marygold8, Lavender, Rofe-leaves, &c. Gather them a» you dry them, when you fee the morning fair and hot,««d the hearbs dry.
Ka
Chap.The G arbiters Lkbyrintb^
Chap. XXXI.
iht hudxbk iûiïru&ioM tf tbem/e^ .in the: gathering and prtfirvinglf the great nddibet'of Kitéhin hea^biMnd roots 3ivitbabe tifye? aptejl. q for the like doing by allfmnn^ ■ dainty he orbs, and roots ; l
• ï ■ : ‘ tà ihe ufe of Tbyfickg*; ' .. f ■ i *:•;,.	* ■ • •%
Hebxlft and worth iefbroots of heaFbs, fbi* J the more part, to I be gathered la apt places tf hen the léimarébeginmog to ft*U <$ff, and the ffuitsor fted* already filed, fo that the Tea Ion be fair*: for done in a'rainié time,thy roots becaufed the weaker,and filled with rude moifiure.. i i'v . j oj ÿsç is s< ,	- ?	>. ; ;t,
* Theflowmiti likeifiafinerarfeto be gathered,as the Borage Bu, gloflê, and all ot hers of like (bet when they be wholly opened ^and before they feeble» except the •flowers of t he Rcfe, and Jfaceraine, Which Ought to be gathered for the better and longer keeping,before they be MUch, or rather but little opened.
The leaves and whole hearbs are to be gathered, when thefe be eôrrte fcô theicfüll growth ahd perfe&lon.
1 The frUks,, as cbéMfeilohe, Cucumber, Cytronea and Gourd,, when thefe appear yèlloW,àiid become totheir perfeft growth and pèrfeftlon.
The feeds in like condition are to be gathered,when they be wel ripened, and before the feeds flied on the earth, but thofe which remaine after the hearbs thorow dried, ought to be rubbed forth with the hands, and kept unto the time of (owing.
Here remernbrihg that the feeds ought to be gathered in a clear ftafon, and in the wart* of the Moon,.
I And this for a general rule obferve, that all thofe to be gathered,}àe the hearbs, HoWers, roots,fruits,and feeds are to be done in a faire and dry feafon,and in the decreafe of the Moon.
The hearbs which the owner mindeth to preferve, are afore to be clean picked and clenfed, and dried in the fhaddow, being a placeopen. towards the South, not moift and free from fmoke, and dull.
Thefe after are to be put in Leather bags, rather then into Canvas,the mouths at the hanging up fall tied, and into wooden boxes of thç Box-tree, to the end the hearbs may not lofe their proper
ver-.Xbe Gardeners Labyrinth.	69
Nfertue, as we, fee thofe persons to do, which preferve dainty hearbs for the winter time. So that the Apothecaries in mine, opinion are very negligent, which hang up the Phyfick hearbs in their open (hops and ware'-houfes, through which the vertue of thefe not only breath away, but the hearbs charged and clagged with duft, copwebs, dung of dies, and much other filth.
The Flowers ought not to be dried in the Sunne,nor in that fha-dow caufed by the Sun at noon, nor in any chamber or high place above* forafrnuchas thefe,through their l'oftnefs and tendernefe -do lightly of light occafion, breath away their proper vertue, but cfpeciilly through the fharpe heat of the Sun, and heat of the aire, unlefle it be our Rofe of the Garden, which to be preferved for a long time, requireth to be dryed in a high place, Handing open to the Sun at noon, orthat the Sun beames enter unco, and yet touch not the Rofe leaves, j
- The better way for drying flowers, is lay them in a temperate and dark« place, free from moifture, fmoke, and duft, and to ftirre them »0 and fro, that thefe in the drying corrupt nor, but to be either dofe kept in bagges, or continually covered over well, that thefe in the meane time lofe noc their colour, nor natural fa? vour.	|	>
After being wel dryed,thefe ought to be clofeflopped in a glazed " earthen veffek	*
The finer feed are to be preferved in the leather bags, or in earthen veflels, having very narrow mouthes, ror,«lfe in glafs bottles* or gaily glafles very wel flopped,.
But the feeds of the Onioas, Chibols, and Leekes, as alfo of the Poppy,are to be preferved in the huskes and heads.
For the preferving of roots, the owner ought to learn and exer-eife two meanes, the one for keeping them frefh, and the other for the round roots, as the Navew, Radifh, Carrot, and others of like fort, and for to preferve them drie.
The way and meanes to keep and preferve roots frefh, is to bury them in a Seller, in either Gravell or Sand, well turned upon them, or in a Garden ground reafonably deep digged, evenf> deep as the Gardener doth for the Radifh and Navew in the Earth, to enjoy the commodity of them for the greater part of the Winter: to preferve roots dry, the owner er Gardener ( after the plucking of roots out of the earth ) ought to wafh them K 3	veryjo	The Gardeners Labyrinth.
very clean with Conduit or Spring water, after to cut away all the final! and hairy root*; which done, to diy them in a fhadow place free from thebeames of the Sunne, as being fomewhat dark, if fo be thefe are (lender and thin of rindej as be the root* of the Eennel, Succory, Parcely, Endive! Borrage, Buglofle, Sperage, ( and fundry others like, *. but if the foots be''thick of rinde, of a grofieefience and bigge, then may the owner lay them to dry in the Sunne at Noonday, as the root of Gentiane, the Earth Apple, Brionic, Raponticke, ^ri/?o/ocAz<i, 'or any others like/. i ■ | g ■' v j " ' 5	''	r'-" v oh
After that thefe be well dryed, and like prepared., ought the * owner to han.g them up tn fome Garret Or open room.a high, being : fweet and dry ( through the Sunne« daily fliining on the place ac noon ) or open to the North, where nothing damaged by fmoke, nordufl, nor that the Sun heamestnay harm in any manner, even ^ as that anci:ot and lingular Phyfitian Hippocrates inflru&eth, who willeih ihe hearbs, flowers, and roots, fowelfie(hasdry,notto be bellowed in any manner, in an open place, to be dryed of the wind, but rather clofe flopped in Giaflea,Earthen pot«, and /quitte boxes of wood, to the end that thefe lofe not their vertue, which othei wile they might foon do by lying open to the wind •
All the field plants, flowers, and roots, are flronger in nature, but m fubftance inferiohrto the Garden plants, &c.
Among the wild plants, thofe growing on the mountainei or high hi Is, do excell the other in property,
. Among all plants thofe alfo are of a flronger nature, which fhal be of a livelier colour, better taft and favour.
The force befides of plants do indure C for the more part) unto two or three years.
The hearbs which a man would ufe for the Kitchin, ought rather to be gathered with a Knife, fomewhat above the earth,when thefe are (hut up unto their perfeft growth, as the Beets, Succory, Arach, Borrage, Marigold, Colewort, Endive, Clary,Rocket, Ba-fill, Marjoram, Lettice, Parcely, Mercury, and many others.
When the owner mindeth to ufe certain hearbs; hot of quality, he ought to gather them for the more part,rather frefli then dry; but if his intent be rather to heat lefler, then feeing the moiflure of the green, doth much mitigate the heat confiding in it, for that caufeishe willed rather to gather the hcarbl for Phyfick before they begin to alter their colour.	Thisthe Gardeners Labyrinth.	y i
This for a general rule note, that all flowers,. hoarbs, and roots, ought carefully to be gathered in adryfaire feafon, and not in cloudy, mifty, nor rainy weather. The r^otsbefide are.noc to be gathered, but after the fall of the leaves, and thofe Specially from the middle of September y unto the beginning of the moaeth of November, But flowers are chiefly to be gathered from the middle of the monetb of M^y,unto the beginning July, and after.
And for the fruits of fundry hearbs, thefe properly are to bega--tbered, according to the diverfity of the heaibs.
Chap. XXXII.
The worthy remedies and fecrets availing againfi Smiles,Canker tvermes, the long bodied Motbes, Garden fie as, and Earth tvormej, which vitiate and gnaw, as well the pot-bear bs, as trees and fruits,
t"I "Here is none fo dul of eye.flght(as I beleeve^who not thorow-t Jy perceiveth and feeth, how that theGaiden riches be divetfly annoyed, 'and harmed by divers creeping wo» ms and beaits, as wcl kbove as under the earth, and that through the tame ogcafion, often procured to feeble and wall, and unlelfe fpeedy remedies fhall be cxercifed, that thefe in the end do fall down and perimpM For the peftilcnc company of thefe inrreafe, and are feen many times to be lo many or great in number,that by no devifed meanes, neithet by fire nor Iron Engin (from the Garden grounds or fields, in which ihefe once fhal be lodged or abiding) can cither be driven away or deftroyed: therefore I fhal do herein a mod grateful matter ( as I fuppole ) both to Husbandmen and Gardeners, if again!!; this pelhfcrous annoyance and deftruttion, I fhal utter and teach thofe worthy remedies, that both the ancient and latter men by great skil invented, and noted in their learned works.
From words to come unto the matter, I think it time to treat: And firtl, that Angular Africantts among the Greek writers of Hu(^ bandry reporteth, that Garden plants and roots may wel be purged and red of the harmfull wormes,if thsir dens or deep holes be fmoked, the winde aiding, with the dung of the Cow ofOxe burned*
Thatyz	The Gardeners Labyrinth.
That worthyPliny in his firft book of Hillories wrheth,thattf the owner or Gardener fprinkleth the pure mother of the oyle Olive without any fait in it, doth alfo drive the wormes away, and defend the plants and hearbs from being gnawne of them. And if they fhal cleave to the root* of the plants, through malice or breeding of the dung, yet this weedeth them clean away. The plants or heatbs wil not after begnawh or harmed by Garden Fleas, if with the naturall remedy, as with the heaib Rocket, the Gardener fhal bellow his beds in many places.
The OoJeworts and all poi herbs are greatly defended from the gnawing of the Garden Fleas,by Radilh growing among them. And the worthy Anataliw in* his Greek inftiu&ions of Husbandry affir-meth the like, fo that fome bitter fitches be alfo beftowed with the Radifli in beds. And this feed committed in bed with the Radifh and Pvape, doth greatly availe,as the ancient witnefs of experience. The eager or (harp Vinegar doth alfo prevaile, tempered with the juyee of Henbane, and fprinkled on the Garden fleas. To thefe, the water in which the hearb NigeU* Ronuna fhal be fteepedfor a night and fprinkled on the plants,as the Greek Pampbilus reporteth,dot h like prevaile againtt the Garden fleas.
Itlrom creeping things the Gardener would defend the feeds committe<iiio the earth, trom being gnawn or harmed, let him lleep thofe feeds for a night ( as I afore uttered ) before the fowing in the juyee of the Stngreen or Houfeleek, which feeds alfo the Gardener fhal preferve ungnawn,if he bellow of them in the fhel of that Snaile, which I fuppofe to be the fame, named the Tortuife, as the former Author hnatoliut writeth : in which place I may not o-mit the fame praftife of the skilful Palladia Ruttliw0 who repor-teth, that the noifome vermine or creeping things wil not breed of the pot hearbs, if the Gardener fhal before the committing to the earth, dry all the feeds in the skinne of the Tortuife, or fow the heaib Mint in many places of theGarden, efpecially among the Coleworts. The bitter Fitch and Rocket ( as I before uttered) be-flowtd among the pot hearbs, fo that the feeds be fown in the firft quarter of the Moon,do greatly availe us: as unto the Canker and Palmer worrnes belongetb, which in many places worke great injury both to the Gardens and Vines, may the owner or Gardener drive away with the Figge tree afhfcs fprinkled on them and the hearbs.
ThereThe Gardeners Labyrinth,	173
. There 1m fame which fprinckle the plants and hearbs with the Tie made of the Fig-tree allies, but it deftroyes the worm, to drew ( as experience reporteth ) the allies alone on them.
There be others which rather wil to plant or fow that big Ony*> on,named in Latin Scilla or Sqm lit here and there in beds, or hang them in fundry places of the Garden.
Others alfo wil, to fix river CrevifTcs with nailcs in many places of the Garden, which if they (hall yet withftand or contend with all thefe remedies,then may the Gardener apply to cxercife this device, in taking the Ox or Cow Urine,and the mother ofoyle Oljve, which after the wcl mixing together, and heating over the tire,the fame be ftirred about until it be hot, and when through cold, thic mixture (hall be fprinkled on the pot hearbs and trees, doth mar« velloufly prevail«, at the skilful Anatolius of experience reporteth.
Tbc lingular Pliny In his pra&ifeiuttcreth, that thole harmful worms^eouched with bloody rods, arc likewise driven away.
The worthy FaOadius Rut Him reporteth, that if the owner or Gardener burn great bundles of the Garlike blades without heads dryed, through all the Allies of the Garden, and unto thefe the dung of Backet added, that the favour of the fmoke ( by the help of the wind) may be driven to many places, especially to thole where they moft abound and fwarae, and the Gardener (hall fee fb fpcedy a deftru&ion, as irto be wondred at,
- The worthy Fliny of great knowledge reporteth, that thefe map be driven from the pot hearbs, if the bitter Fitch feedsbe mixeel and Town together with them,or to the branches of tree, Creviffc* hanged up by the hornet in many places, doth like prevaile.Thefe alfo are letted from increafing, yea they in heaps pi tfently gather* ed are doAroyed, as the Greeks report of obfervation,ifthe Garde* ner by taking certain Palm:r or Canker worms cut of the Garden next adjoyning,fh d fetch, them in water with X>il,and the fame being tho> ow cold, (hal fprinkle pn (lie hearbs or ucep^that the mix* sure may wet and foke chorow the nefis^even unto the young ones, cleaving together, that they may taft thereof, wil fpeedily dup-tch them, but in this doing,i he Gardener mull be very wary, and have ,an attentive eye, that none of the mixture fall on his f%ce or hand«. Betides thefe, the owner or Gardener may ufe this remedy certain, and aatily prepared, if abopt the big armes of trees, or ftems of the hearbs, he kindle and barn tbc Wronger Lime and Brimftone to*
t	, gether;iffy
gttheW or i# the owner nfeke a (moke with Muihromeii growing ’ under the Nut-tree, or burn the hoofs of Goan, or the gum Galbs-nmn} orelfemafce a fmokewfth the Hares horn,rhe wind aiding,by ‘''Slowing cowards itfeiti !>«<! m ».iw *.^.i>.yb«dv.' ?« u ^’ri.d n n'Th ere b e 'alloftin>«-wh}ch inf«fttheVirVea(h«s in water for three daies, with which they after fpririfcfe abundantly^ both the
*	Jiearbs and trees. Many befidea make foft the feeds, ■ deeped before ; their committing to the earth, in the Lie naide of the Fig afhes.
"3 The H Lisbon dmeU andGardeners in Our time have foynd out
*	thfceafje pra&ift, being' rtOw comrnontveryWhere:, which it on :fbi* wile 5 that whin theftj after powers of riine arecropen into 4thf warm Sun, or into places landing againft the Sun, nuy early *in the tnerningfbake either their fruits and leaves of the pot herbs,
of the boughs of the trees, forthefc are yet ftiffe through the cold Of the nighty are printed bfthe fame che'llghtlier a.n4 fooner to fall, nor able after to recover up again, (b that the Palmer Worms thus lying on the ground, are then hi a readinclfc so be killed of tjieGardener* A|y- -■ J’o >	^	.. u i -• «. ..J
>, ff the owner mind to deftroy any other creeping things rovous to hearbs and .trets^ ( whifh f’^^Wand Kiktilim rtaine, both *HCai b add Leeke wafterathen let’him hearkorf to this invention 4hrid device of the Greek mtybanert who willeth to pdrehate the maw.of a Wether Iheep new killed, and the fameaayet-fullof hit 'Vxc'ementalfilth, which lightly cover with th* earth in the fame Jiface, where theft moft haunt In the Gardeh; for after two diyet, thall the Gardener find there’that theMoths With long bodies,and "other creeping things dial be gathered in divers companies to the "dace right over it, which the owner (hall either remove and carry further, or dig and bury very deep in the fame plac«,that they may not after a rife or come forth ; which when theGatdener fhd have ’exerclfed the fame buttwicebr thrice, he (hall utterly exthiguilh, and quite detroy all the kinds of creeping thirigs fhac annoy and fpoile theGarden plants. The Husbandmen in Fla*ekrs irme the flocks, and compafle the bigger armes of their trees with wifps of fbaw hindfomely made, and faftned or b *und about, by which ‘the Palmer worms are contained to creep up to thetops of the trees and there ltaied, fo that asit were by fnares and enginl laid, theft in the end are either driven away, or thus in their w ay begun, are (peedily or fooa after procured to turn back again* As unto the remediesTbt Gardeners Labyrinth.
ttledles of the Snailes particularly belongcth, thefe may the Gardener likewife chafe from the Kitchin hearbs.if he «icher fprinkle the new mother of the oy le Olive, or foot ofthc Chimney on the hearbj,as if he beftotved the bitter fitch in beds among them,which alfoavailecb agatnrt other noifom worms and creeping things, as I afore uttered, that if the Gardener would pofiêfle à green and de* le&ible Garden, let him then fprinkladiligendy all chequarters, beds, and borders of thé Garden, with the mixture of water, and» powder of Fenny.Greek tempered together, or fet upright in ch# middle of the Garden, the whole bare head without flefh of (he tmehaft Arte, as I before wrote.
- That Worthy man Jnlint Free/e, reporteth that all Kitchin héarbamay greatly be hoi pehj if among them the hearb Rocket fhall either be fown or planted« But an into! lerabie injury fliall be Wrought to the Husb mdl y Gardener, if thcGoofe dung diflolvcd in biine, be fprinkled on the Kitctiin heaib?, as thefe wor hy writers Vemocritut) Frwrto, and Damages on in their chofeu precepts of the Greek Husbandry left noted tool» age* *
Chap. XXXIIll
7he ihi Ifni invention» and helps againfl the GardinMokt, 'An»/, Gnats %
; • ‘ • F Hit, sndFroggeS) tvertittg^harming tndwajftng, *j mil -• * • Kitchin btdrbsj 'as trees arid fruits.
FOrafmuch as the Moles in many places of Garden grounds through their carting up, and hollowing of the fame, thel&ds afore beftoWed in bedithey on fuçh Wife uncover,and the plants ;» like manner turn up, and unbare of earth, to the great grier <, ud paine of the careful Gardener, in daily renuing and repairing of their former labours, for that caufe hath he juft occafion ro travel and bufie himfclf in featching out, & deviling by all skilful nwane, in what manner he may furert and befi prevail« again ft this harm-fall blind beaft. And that I may do e mort grateful matter to all Gardenertin the feme, I wil here uttter all fitch lingular praftift?, as either thé Worthy Greeks or Latins have uttered and noted to be available againrt them*
- Firftj th» skilful Paxatn* hath left in a writing, that if theGa r-
,rn*‘	L2	denerj6	The Gardeners Labyrinth.
dencr {hall make hollow a big Nut, or bore a hollow bole into fome found' piece of wood being narrow* in filling the one or the other with Kofcn, Pitch, Chaffe,and RrimAonc,af each fo much as fhal fuffice to the filling of the Nat, or hollow hole in the wood» which thus prepaied in a rcadinefi,ftop every where with diligence all the goings torth, and breathing holes of the Mole, that by thofe the fuming inioke in no manner may ifluc out* yet fo handle the inatccr, that one mouth and hole be onely left open, and the fame fo large, that wel the Nut or Veffcl kindled within, may be laid within the mouth of it, whereby it may take the wind of the _ one fide,which may fo fend, in the iavour both of the Kofcn and Brimttone into the hollow Tombe, or ref irg place of the Mole: by.the fame praftife fo workmanly handled, in filling the holes with the fmoke, fhall ibe owner or Gardener cither drive quite a-way all the Mole* in that ground* or find« them in fliort time dead.	_
There be fome that takethc white Ncefwort,or .the rind ofCy-ttcetmbct beaten and farced, and with the Barly M?ale and Eggea finely tempered together,they make both Cakes and Patties wrought with Wine and Milk, and thofe they lay within the Moles denneor hole. Albertus of worthy memory reporteth, that if the owner or Gardener clofeth or diligently ftoppeth the mouths of the Mole-holes with the GarIike,Onyon,or Leek, fhal either drive the Moles away, or kill them through the ttrong favour,ttrikingor bi eaihing into them.* Many there be, which to d/ive away thefe harmful Moles, do bring up young Cats in their Garden ground, and make tame Weafels, to the end that tit her of theft, through the hunting after them, may fo drive away this pettiferous annoyance, being taught to watch at their ftraight paita-ges and mefuths of the holes tomming forth. Others there bealfo which diligently fill and flop Kip their holes with the red Okar or Ruddel, and juyee of the wild Cucumber, or fow the fired $ of PalmtCkrifli, being a kind of Sti-tj/rion in beds, through which they wil not aftercattup,nor tarry thereabout. But foime cxercife this eafie praftife in taking alive Mole, and burning the powder of Brimftone about him, being in a deep earthen pot, through which he is procured to cry, all other* in the mean time as they report, are moved to refort thither*There arc fome befide*, which lay filkfnares at the mouth of their holes» To the fimple Husbandmen may this cafie praftife of no coft fuf-Tlx G*rdc**rfLabjrimb.	77
ficc, in (citingdown into tke earth a ftiffe rod or green branch of. the Elder tree. The worthy Tliny which hath left to memory ykil-fulpra&ifesreporteth, that the mother of the Oile Oiiue alone, fprinckled on the heap of Pifmires or Ant«, killcth them» This Author alio wricet h, that the Pifmires are wicked annoyners to trees, . which the Gardener or Husbandman ( faith he ) may force tofer-fake and leave, if he ftrike the nether parts of the trees round a-ixiut with the powder of theRuddel, and Liquid Pitch or Taro mixed together! and hang alfo by the place, the fifh named of the worthy Rutiliur after the Greek writers of Husbandry, Coracinnm, and of RtuDiw9 Cra alum, for on fuch wife, handled, they will retort and gather all into one place, whereby the Husbandly Gardener may the fpeedier deftroy them. Others there be, which with the power of the Lupines and oyle Olive tempered together, do fce-ftriks the lower parts of the trees and pirns, for the letting of them in creeping up« Many kill them, as I afore uttered, with the onely Mother Oile Olive. The ikilful Neapolitan Rntiliu* repor-teth, that if the great company of Pifmires or Ants have deep holes in the Garden ground, thofe may the owner chafe away, or kill in the ground by hopping the mouthes of the boles, with the heart of anOwle. If they creep abroad, then fift all the Allies where thefe tunne with bright after, or elle fcoie the ground thick together with the red Okar or white Chalk, or make long flrikes with oyle on the earth. Further he writeth, that the husbandly Gardener may diiveaway Pifmires, if on the mouthes of their holes he fpr trickle the powder of Org2ny and Erimftone beaten together, or burn the empty Ihels of fnailes, and wi h the afhes of the fame,flop abundantly the.mouihcs of their dens and holes. In which device,, this Rmihm omitted the Storax, that of Faxaniut the Greek, out of whom he borrowed this eonclufion, is added. The words of laxamvu be on this wife: If the owner, faith he, lhall burn ccr* tain Ants or Emots in the middle of the Garden, the others of the favour will creep away.To thefe,it about the mouths of the Emots holes,the carefulGardencr (half fmeare the groflcr Turpentine,the Emots or Ants wU not after come forth, and thefe he may expcll or drive away from their proper retting place, or dwelling together, if the fhelly coverings of Snailes,burned with Smax Ctlamita, and beaten to powder, or the afhes lifted, he (hall after fprinkle on the heape of the Pifmires. And the owner fUll thorowly deftroy
, L 3	the78	Tbe Gardeners Labyrinth• E
the Ants, if he fprinkle on them the juyee of CyrmaietoHj diflolved and wel mixed in Oile. This Author further reporteth, that the Emots vvil not creep on the planes or tree, If the husbandly Gardener (hall diligently fprinkle the bodies and ftem« of them, with the powder of the bit ter Lupines and mother of Oile, wel mixed or boiled together* The felf fame matter (hall the Gardener per-forme, if he coropafle their hclss with white and clear wool or bombaft, or thacne mark« on the ground long ftrikes, or forfoe round circles with white Chalk or red Okar,all thole waits epeci* allythac the(e moft often haunt, or compafle their holes with Or*' gany, as I afore uttered : for by the like doing, as he affirmetb, the Emots after wii notonsly leave the creeping op on the plants, but rtffnfe alfo-to alcend over the rings made with white Chalk about the bodiesof treefc*’’There be others which report, that the Emots, wiii riot creep to that honj pot fet on the ground, about which the1 like circles with Chalk or red Okar (hall be formed, yea though ’ the fame were left uncovered, yet is it known to many, that the Ants are marvellous defirousof honey, and Other fweet things/ The skilful‘Neapolitane Rtttilin* wMleth,that the diligent Htif-bandman anoint or beftrike the ftemmes of Plants, and die bodies of trees, with the red Okar, Butter, and liquid Pitch mixed well together« ,There be certain of the Gretk writers of Husbandry, which Wil thethicke Ivie Garlands to be bound aboqt the bo* dies of Trees and Virita, that by the fame skilful device,: the Ants lodging under the (hadow of thefe, as then pledges, they flay and kill.
i;There be many which report, that the like maybe wrought and done with the Buis gaufe, mother of Oile, and liquid Pitch, fmeared about the bodies of trees. The Angular Pbw/report'eth, that the Sea mud or alhes, (lopped diligently into the holes, is am oft fure remedy againft the Emots, fo that the places be not tfloift or watery. But with the fufeft pra&ile and remedy of all, are the Pifmireg killed with the hearb Hetiotropium. Some (uppofe that the water in whkh the crude Tele (hall be iniufkl for a time, to be etirmyto them. The Gardener may drive away Gnats, it be fprinkle On the brds and plams, thedecoftion ofOrgany in Vineger, as th^tlkil* Tkmocrittti in his Husbandry hath noted* To theft the owner may fprinkle pn the Plant?, the inftifien of Rue in water, or u(e the de-coftion hearb Fleabane, or tlfe make 3 fiaoke either with Brim*
ftune,The Gardeners Labyrinth.	7P
fione, or Cummine, or the drie Oxe dnng, or the gumme ’Bdellium' The learned P/isy uttereth, that; the Gardener may drive thefe a-way with the fmoke of Gglbunum burned; and that worthy Nea-politane RutiliHi^ of experience a ffirmeth, that if the owner either lprincklc the new mother of Qile, or Soot ofthe Chimney on the plants, it likewife driveth them away. That skilful Greek Beritiut hath left in writing, how that the Gardener may drive the flies far off with this fearful.device,if mixing the powders of the Hellebore orNtefwort, and Orpiment with Milk, the fame be Iprinckled on the plants aj^ pUcc where the flies moft hant, it either haftily dri* veth them away, or kils them fooner after. The felffame wil the common Allum beaten with Organy, and tempered with milk prevaife againft the flits: for what plants and hearbs fhall be fprinkleid with this, mixture, will not after be reforted unto, or touched of flies: The Bayberies with :thc black Neefwort beaten togetlwr,and infufing it in milk or water and honey mixed, doth like profit : for this mixture fprinkled on the plants .and places where the flies moft haunt, doth after as it were by a poyfon haftily kill dieflies, or otherwiie force them to flie fpecdily away, never tO.retUfn. ,	-‘j . . .	.	; \ : ‘	,J- ;
Astouchhjgremed&s againftthe Frogges, which in Summer nights arc wont to be difquicters to the wearied Husbandmen, through their daily labour, by chirping and loud noife making, let the Husbandman exercife this helpe or fecret, borrowed of the ^kUtul Greek Afrtcmus) which is on this wife: Set on fome bank £l'aith he) a Lanthorne lighted, or other bright light before themj or on fome tree f faft by) fo hang a light, that by the brightn efs of the fame light, it may lo ftiine upon them, as it it were the Sunne, which handled on this wife, wil after caufe them to leave their chirping and loud noife making: a prattife tried by many of latter years;	.
The skilful Greek BeritiuJ reporteth, that if the Husbandman bury in fome banck faft by, theganlof a Goat, the Frogs wil not afterward gather to that place.
CHAP.8p	T6e <S 4rck*ersLsbyritttb.
CHAP. XXXIV.	‘
7be rareprdliifes and feeretj, both of the ancient and latter writer of Huf batsdry againf Serpents of the Gjrdm^and any others t lenoming as tv el men as the Kit chin hearhsttreest and fruits*
FLorentit* ( a Angular and diligent interpreter of the matters of the field) wrote,that Serpents in the Garden ground or elsewhere wil not lodge or abide,if the owner few or plant in borders about, or in apt corners of the Garden, cither die Worm-wood, Mugwort, or Southern-wood,which if theft (hall fome where happen to haunt,then may the Gardener ( as he writeth ) drive them incontinent' forth of the ground, if he make a fmoke cither with the Lilly roots, Harts horn, or Goats hoofs.
■<'. The skilful Kuiilitts uttercth, that all Serpents be forced out of the ground by every fewer favour, and (linking (moke, flying a-broad with the wind. v .
The learned r>emocritxj affirmeth that the Serpents affaredly do die, if the Gardener flrew or throw Oken leaves on them,or if any ipkteth falling into tlmr mouth gaping or wide open.
. - The wel pra&ifed Apuleius writeth, that thefe flricken but once with a tough reed or willow rod, arc mightily aflonied,but giving them many ftrokes do recover and wax ftrong again Jfarentinus ( a skilful writer of the Greek Husbandry ) denieth that any cart be harmed of a Serpent, if the perfbn afore be anointed with the juyee ofaKadilh, or that he hath eaten of the FUdiih, which matter Af btnaus and G4/e»,(with many other worthy Authors) aferibe to the Orengc or Lemon, and they confirm the lame with apleafant Hiilory.	-	.
T he former Florentius uttereth another Angular praflifc againfl Serpents of the Garden, to be wrought after this manner : Lay (faith he ) the fat of the Hart in the Garden earth, or elft bury the Centory root, or the Geat (lone, or elfe the Eagle, or Kites dung, and the Serpents wil re fufe the ground® or at leaft not come near the place, and every venemous worm wil be driven away, if the Gardener by taking NigeBa, VeUitory^ Galbamtm, of the Harts horn, Hiflop, Brimflone, Peueedamem, and theGoats hoofs,(hall diligently bring thefe to powder, and infilling the whole for a time in the
ftrongeftThe G dr dencrs Labyrinth. .	Si
ftrongeft Vinegar, (hall after make little bak of the mixture, with which thorow dried caufe a favour and a fmoke. For through the favour of thefe matters iperfed in the aire, alL creeping vermine will either haftily( for the great fear )forfakc the ground, or die there incontinent. The fame Anthgr Florentius reporteth, that the Serpents may like be gathered on a heap into an old deep pouder-' ingTub, as filh in a wele or bow net, it the lame be deep let- about that place of the Garden or Field, where thefemoft lurk and haunt, for after the fpeedy rdbrting of thefc to the brink of it they fall willingly in, not able after to recover thenifelves out. Plinj writing of the withie named Siler, reporteth this, that t he Serpents re-fufe both the tree and fruit, for which caufe, the Husbandmen made them ftaves of the wood-to cany about with them. But this by a raoft certain experience or triall, proved and confirmed, thatf by making a fmoke with old Ihooes burned, the Serpents incontinent fpeed away, nor thefconclyflie out of the Garden ground, field,or houfe, but fiich as are entrai into men,by dead fleep in thé Summer, in deeping open mouthed, or with open mouth, in th* field, do like come forth with the faid fmoke. YVhich matter Me*r-cuj Çutiwtrij, a famous Phyfitian, confirmed!, who reporteth, thae the like happened to a certain man in his time, to wbotn after infinite medicines and moft effe&uous remedies were miniflred, and none of them prevailed, at the Laft this imployed, fell out mot luckily,and wonderful] of ad others, in burning the’ leathers of old (hooes, and receiving both fmoke and favour of a Tmtfvel îjir . to the body. For as foon as this hideous beat (which was a mighty Adder ) felt the favour of this Iraoke, he was leen to thaftanders about to come out at the fundament, to the mighty atouUbnenfc. and wonder of all the beholders. And- this worthy fecret eafie tc> be prepared, I thought here good so place, that the lame, a like eftfe hapn'ng, might be profitable to every perfouBnc In thliplac* is not to be omitted, that Serpents greatly hate the lire, no* for the ft me caufe, that this dulleth their fight, but beeaufe the na* turc of tire is to refill poyfon. Tl»e& alfo hate theftrong favour far flying, which the Garlike and red Onions procure. They lore die Savin-tree, the Ivy, and Fendl, as Toads do the Sage, and Snakes the hearb Rocket :but they are mightily difplealed and fore# hat« the Aft-tree, in lb much that th^Serpeats neither to the moraine * nor Ion gelt evening thadowc of it, will draw near, but rather fliuu
M	the82	The Gardeners Labyrinth.
'the fame, and fiie far off. As alike matter Piiny reporteth, was on a time proved, by inclolirfg a Serpent, within ihelarg circle made of green Afh-trec leaves, in the middle of a quick fire made, to the terrtfur of the Serpent, lor that end to prove whether fnehad ra-ther run over the circle, then draw near to the fax, which never-thelcflc (the fire kindling more and more )-at the laft rather crept •to the fire, where ftp perifhed,:then by any mcanes would draw near to the circk* of the ATh-tree leaves, Y et here learn, the marvellous benignity of nature, which permitteth not lift Serpents to come forth of the earth, before the Alh-tree buddeth forth, nor to hide them again, before the leaves fall off I he lingular Poet Virgil faith,that the fmoke made oi tlofcn or Galbjnum^doth haftily chafe and drive the Serpents a way.
Thefehitherto uttered, for the driving away and killing of Ser- v pents But here was alnioft forgotten, that the leaves of Fern, do chafe away the Serpent: for which caufcmanyskilfull thinke it profitable, either to fow or draw the Fern in fuch places where the Serpents haunt._T he fsleapolitane Rutilius adJeth,that iltheleaves of the fame be turned, they (with the favour on ely ) will fly or cfeep haftily away, ye^ ana force them to change their lodgings, far from the Garden ground of field.
< Here a doubt may be made, whether the fame be to purpofe here to recite, that the worthy Aibertus reporteth of the round Ad/W<j-cbia with the field Frog, and a certain proportion of Writing Inke diligently laboured, and mixed with thefe, to make the Serpents 'immediately to quaile as dead,' if any of the mixture be written Withall, and thrown before them.
But l think it high t ime to come unto the remedies, which are fboth f eady and calle to Be prepared.
' ; If that any fhali be fmittenof a Serpent,unlefle hehave a Fever, and drinketh a certain quantity of the juyee of Afh leaves, with pleafant white wine, and applyeth alfo of the Irdh leaves to the place bitten, fhali in fhort time fee a worthy fecret, greatly to be ' marvelled at, and by happy fuccefle proved of many.
- Here briefly to conclude, if the Gardener beftoweth the fFefh Elder flowers where the Serpents daily haunt, they will haftily de-part-the place, yea thefe by report ( artly beftowed in the Garden ground) do in fhort time deftroy the.the Mothes^ the Canker worms and Palmers breeding in trees.,	The Gardeners Labyrinth.	83
The other helps and remedies ncceflàry to be uttered la this Chapter, (hall in apt places be declared in the fécond part, where wepurpofe to treat particularly of nioft heart» growing m the Garden.	■	' • ' '
Chap. XXXV.
7bt laudable deviftl and cunning helps againfi the Seorpinss Todes.Gar* W eaftls, and afi other greater beaflty wafting and tor-rupting as ml the Kitcbin bearbs at fruits.
PLiny reporteth, that if fliptof the green Htliotrophm, be fet round about the place where the Scorpions frequent, drat they will not after creep thence. But if the owner either layorftrew upon the Scorpions, the wholehearb, they incontinent ( as he af-firmeth)die
That skilfull writer T>lphants{ in his Greek commentaries of' Husbandry ) uttereth, and the like many other, that the frefh Ra-difh, ehher laid or ftrewed on the Scorpions, killeth them incontinent.
Tothefe,ifany anointeth the hands circumfpe£Uy with thejuyee of theRadilh, he may after handle Scorpions, or any other veae-n:ous thing without danger.
This Author further addeth, that a frnbke made with Saudara-eba and Butter, or the fat of a Goat, will drive away both them and other venemous tilings, and by burning one Scorpion, all tha . other flie forth of the ground.
If any boileth the Scorpion that flung him, or any other in, Oile, and anointeth the foreplace with the lame, it lhall greatly availe.
The like commcth to pafie, if he may kill and bruife the fame cn th* flinging 5 but perilous will the fame-flinging be, if he refraine not the eating of Balil all that day of the flinging. Florentitu rc-porteth, that the juyceof the Fig tree leaves dropped on the flinging, mightily availeth,
T he learned Pliny affirmeth, that the allies of die Scorpion drunk in Wine (if the fit of the Fever be not upon the peffon ) to be a lingular remedy, as the pouder of worms burned, to per-M2	fonS§4	Tta Gardenerf Labyrinth,
fons having Worms, or to bcaftg the like miniftied, and any bit-of a mad Dog, if the haires of the fame be burned and drunk, do. greatly availe.
' The Toadcs( as the Greek and Latin profcfibrs of Husbandry write ) may bcdiivtH forth of the Garden ground, with thofe re-medics that the Serpents: for which caufe, the remedies and helps nga’nft them to repeat, I think here fuperfluous.
The Mice ( as the learned Apttleins writeth ) wil in no manner harm or waft thofe feeds committed to the earth, which before the lowing are freeped a time in the gall of an Oxe*
They will be killed in the ground, if the Gardener (hall ftop their commings forth with tne frefli leaves of RlngjUpb*ms.
There be ( of the Greek writers of Hnsbandry ) which wil,that like portions of the wild Cucumber or Henbane,or the bitter Almonds andblackNofewort b&orderly bruifed,and tempered with Meal, the fame after Wrought into bals with Oile, to be laid at the holes of the field and houfeMice. Pliny writeth, that the ferds(be-fore the bellowing in the earth) infilled either in the gall of a Wcafel, or the allies of him committed to the earth with feeds,doth-, like defend them from being harmed of Mice,yet the plants lpring-ing out of thefe are greatly miflifced,for that they then give the favour of fuch a ranck beafl, fo that the feeds are better commendr cd to be fieeped afore in the gall of an Oxe.
The skilful ^ ic4r»«/ .uttercth, that the Gardener may either kill or drive away Weafels, if he mixt fait Armoniack with wheat paftc, and lay ofthefamein fuch place where thefe moft haunt.O-
fchers there be, which wil the cartful Gardener to get one alive,and cutting'off both taile and tefticles, to let him paffc again, for by that means others (perceiv5ng the like fight) wil depart the place, the calie experience of which matter, wil after bring a credit to thee in the lame. Por the driving away of the greater beafts, conceive thefe remedies following, that if the Garder (hall water the ieeds bellowed with the old Urine,, in which the ordure of a Dog (ball be infufed for a time,they (hall after be defended in the growing np, from thelpoileofgreatbeafts.
The lelf fame doth the worthy Veynocritus affirm to come to pafs (as I afore uttered) if that theownertake to the number of ten River or Sea Crcviflcs, and in putting them into an earthen pot full of water, he let the fame in the fun for ten daics,to be wel heatedThrGardefiers Labyrinth.	8 j
ted and vaporated through the hot beames, whieh thus handled, let him fprinckle on the beds and plants, that he wouldhavede-iended from the aire and great beafts : yet may he not water the younger plants, but every third day,lentil thde be grown up ftrou-ger. The skilful Afrit anut and.other worthy writers of Husbandry report, that if either the Pionie or hearb Perfonau be buried, or ©therwile fowen about bancks or borders in die Garden or fields are after ( as by a fccret protection) preferved, that neither the great nor fmaller beads wil after fpoik the plants there growings But if the Hushandman would have hi* tree« preferred from being-fore eaten and wafted of die greater beafts, then let him exercilc ( after the mind of Pliny /this caftc praftife, in cafting or fprinck-ling on the leaves, the water in which Gxe dung hath been diflol-ved, fo that he be hire thofc times that rain will fall within a day after,to the dean purging again of the branches and ieaues of that favour, a matter in very deed wittily devifed for the purpofr.
Chap. XXXVI*.
Ibe skjlfttllpra&ifct and remedies againjl HaileT Lightnings anj-■rI»mpeJlf9 beating dormte and fpoiling the Kittkin hearbs3 trees, and fruits.
FOr the Hail> which for the more part deftroyeth bodi the labours of the Oxen and men, conceive thefe Few remedies fallowing: That if the Husbandman would avoid the fame danger at handor ready to fall, then let him draw about the the ground ( whether it be Field, Orchard, or Garden) the skin of a S^eale, or* Crocodil, or H/f»^,and hang it after at the entry odcomming in of the place, as the worthy Pbiloflratuj, in his Greek commentaries of Husbandly, hath noted. Others there be, which feeing the. haileat hand, by holding up a mighty glafs, do fotake the image, of a dar k cloud, direftly over the place, to the end the ob]eft by the fam t remedy ( as Rutilhtt reporteth, may offend") whereby as doubled it may give place the other, and on fuch wife be fpeedily' averted and moved away.
There were fome (as Philofratus writetli) whkh with the right hand drawing the MariftiTortoifc on her back, laboured fo
M3	about:86	The Gardenerf Labyrinth,
about the Garden ground or field, and returned to the place where they hegan> they fo laid her upright in the furrow made with her back, and Ihord clods of either fide, that (he might not fall, neither to one nor the other fide* but abide fteady upright, to the end (he might fo behold the big and thick' cfouds, direftly over the place« And the fame at fuch time« they exercifed in the fixt hour o f the day or night. Certain others ((eeming to be of greater ski! ) when the hail approached,did fpread over every fpaee in the Garden or field, white Vine, or fattened in fome place right againft the Tempeli imminent alive Owl, with the wings fpread abroad^ which two remedies alfo much avail againft the lightnings an hail, a* faith the fingular writer of Husbandry Junius Colwnlin his little treatile of the Garden.
To utter here the popular help againft Thunder, Lightnings, and the d&ngerout hail, when the tempeft approcheth through the cloud arifing, as by the loud noife of Guns (hot here and there, with a loud found of Bcls,and fuch like noifes which may happen :
1 think the£une not neceflary nor properly available to the benefit of the Garden.
The famous learned man Aschibiut, which wrote unto Antio-ebus King of fyrial affirmeth, that tempefts (hall not be harmful to plants or fruits, if ihevfpeckledToadcinclofed in anew earthen
•	pot, be buried m the middle of the Garden or Field. Others there are, which hang the feathers of the Eagle or Seales skin, in the middle of the Garden, or at the four comers of the fame*
For thele three, as by a certain fecret property ( and for truth ) by a marvellous rrgugnancy do refill the Lightnings, and that of the!« (the abovefaid ) in no manner to be harmed or blafted,ist© memory of the pofterity committed, and by the experiences or tri-
*	als ofmany skilful men confirmed. Wherefore Tiberius C<efar (as reporteth Suetonius ) was wont to iveare a Garland of Bayes, and to cover hi? proper.tent all over with Seale skins, at fuch timesas Thunder and Lightning hapned,fuppofmg himfclf to be defended from thefe, which he marvelloufly feared, Pliny reporteth that ##/-bus ( not foF the fnaalnefs onely of his body ) efcaped the force of lightning, but through a fecret and naturall repugnance doth this availe agaihft the ftroke of lightning.
CHAP.,	The Gardeners Labyrinth. „	87
Chap. XXXVII.
The Uuiiblt devices and helps agjinji frofl3hlaJling of trees, mif<st and rufly which be enemies as rvel to Garden hearbs as fruits.
TO moft men it is manifeft, that there arc two kinds of celeflial injures, the one chat men name teropefts, in which the Hail* Storm, and iuch like arc meant.
Thefe ( when any happen ) are named a mightier violence and working of heaven moved forward, as Piinj report eth, by the fear-full ftars, which be Kirgsiit, Hjadej, ,Canicula, Ar&urnsy Vidiculs3 Haedi, Orion3 Ajuiljy and fundry others, carefully qbferVed of the Writersof Husbandry and Phylick, and of men raoft diligently noted.
The other kind is wont to happen, the aire being calm and quiet, and iii uir night*, no feeling to be difcerned,but when the fame is to come to pailc and wrought, which bewailed calamity is one whilewont to be named ruitjj an other whiles burning, and an o-ther whiles bluing, that to all crefcem things is a fterility, and at one word adeftruftk oTfothat all iacatffed by heaven, and wont cfpeciilly to happen in the Spring time. The blafting and burning of the blofToms of Apple-trees, the flowers of Vines and Corn,are cauicd through the injury of frofta happening in the night,and noc as many report, to be wrought through the Sura (harp heat, burning h-ftily up the dew, or the rnoifture entring in, and corrupting the heads of Corn. The fame alfo wafting the tender buds, plants, and branches is commonly named burning, for that it burrieth and confumeth in places fo black as any coale. The blading befides of the tender blofloms of Trees and Vines, is named fid eration, for that this efpecially is caufed through the bJaft and fti iking of fome conftellation. To thefe we add the ruft, as a mighty enemy to fruit*. The worthy Pliny reported*, that the raft and burning, be caufed only of cold,which happeneth in the night time,and before the Sun rifing, fo that the Sunne is not worker of thefe. And the lime when the like fucceedeth, is known to be^ after the mind of fundry skilful writers of Husbandry, at the change or ful Moon, feme ftars then of the firftbignefife aiding in the rHing orfetitng* Thefufpe&ed times, and daiei of the ruft, forjudging of the good
$8	* ^he Gardeners Labyrinth.
and evill fuccefle of fruits is known in April, according to the falling out of St« George and St. day, and the ninth day of May, for the calmmdle and clearnolTe of the aire. This celclilal ftedlity dothneither happen «or cannot every year, for the proper •purfee of the ftars, both in the defending and amending in heaven,, with the radiations or afpeft one to another. In the which working, who cannot but wpnder, and for the fame honour and revtrencc the marvellous benignity and gapdnefs of almighty God towards wan-kind? Yet of the couftellations aforementioned, and the others which are infinite in number, the diligent antiquity oftely feared three of thefe greatly, and obferved them for that caufe* as the diligent FI'vy noted, and to memory committed. Firft the qonftelUtion PirgilU for the fruits, the conflellation jSqmha for the Corn,and the conftellation CuucuU for the gathering of fruits, fo that thefe for the fame cahife were named the judicial ftars, to foreknow the feafons by. !n whofedayes of the firft appearance, if the aire clear and calme lent down a kindly and feeding payee to the earth, then was it a fare note to them, that fuch things fowa, would grow and increafe profperoufly. Contrary* wife, if the ‘Moon at thofe times fprinckled a dewie cold on the plants aad crefcent things, then is a bitternefle mixed contrary to the fweet ttourithing and juyce.the fame lo flew and killed the tender things, _ fhot forth appearing above the earth. But to come to the matter, thereisheithef froft, hail, ftorm, nor xerhpeft, fo harmfull cocer-tavn fields orGarden g- ouuds,through which they at any ckne canfe the fterility and penury of Vi&uals, as the ruft and burning heat do,for thefe falling aad working in open Countries,procure for the more part through their harms apublique calamity and prafent death, to the avoiding of which, mall here be uttered thefe skil-fullremedies, invented of the ancient writers of Husbandry. If the earcfall Gardener would withftand the force of froft and rull approching, then lec him burn ftore of chaffe, if fuch plenty be "there or nejr at hind, but for lack of the fame, mayheufe the dry weeds plucked up out of the Garden or Field, and the bigge Thiftles, or other waft fruits in many places of the fame, efpeciaily toward that way which the wind then bloweth, for on fuch wife haadIed,(Dw;iaww in his precepts of Husbandry writath ) that, the evill nigh or at hand is averted. The felf fame pra&ife may be ufed againft thick and dark Mills. Berrtiui in hfs Greek preceptsThe Gardexers Labyrinth*	8p
cepts of Husbandry giveth warning» that the Husbandman or Gardener diligently mark, whether the fame be gathered in the aire, which ready to fall, let him then burn incontinent the left horn, of the Oxe, with either Cow or Oxe dung, making with them a mighty fmoke round about the Garden ground or held, but the fmoke efpecially direfted by the wind, in fleeing againft it. Tha worthy Apukim wrote, chat the fmoke of three river C re vide?, burned with the Oxe or Goat« dung,] or with chaflFe to be a moll fure help and remedy againft the like, that if the fame be already fallen, I mean the ruft, the Gardener may recover the harm after this manner, as the skilful Btritiut reporte tb, in taking the roots or leaves of the wild Cucumber or Colotynthiiy which after the bruiilng and infufing in water for a night, fprinckle and wet the places wel taken with the raft before the Sun riling* The like may the Gardener work and do, with the Fig or Ok« tree afhes, fprincklcd in the place endamaged with ruft.
All feeds of the Garden or Field are defended, as reporteth Ana-t toliws% from all injuries and Monfters, if the Husbandman or Garde ner before the committing of feeds to the earth,doth infufe them for a time in the juyee of the wild Cucumber.
If the Gardener or Husbandman, as A/ uleius witnefleth, (hall flick and plant round about the Garden ground or held, many flips, ftocks, and branches of the Bay-tree, thefe will after avail« againft the ruft, for Into them all the harmeof the ruft pafleth and entereth, as the like many times hath been obferved of the skilfull, which very often is wont to happen in the dewie Countries, Vallies, and in places where big wind of a fudden doth many times blow. Thus much for the ruft being enemy to fruits. I Againft th« burning heat which peculiarly is wont to happen to Vines, The learned Fllny willeth the Husbandmen to burne three live Greviflcs, or to hang them alive on the Tree or 1 Vine.
The Greeks (ascertain Latin writers have noted) did low Beanes as well within as without the Garden Ground or Field, to avoid by that means the froft falling, or at leaft to avail« againft the froft.	-	~
Thefe inftru&ions for the wo;kmanly handling and ordering of a Garden plot, (hall at this prefenc fu(fice,aud like the remedies,
N	againftpo	The Gardeners Labyrinth.
again!) the harms and injuries that commonly annoy, whereby alt feeds and plants bellowed in the fame, imy with glad Tome chear to the Gardener profper and increafe, which the gentle Reader Khali conceive to be bortowed out of the works both of the old and new writers of Husbandry, as wcl Greeks as Latins, that by great ftudy and painful labour, fearchcd and obferved the molt of thefe, or elfe not attempted of any part, to be publilhed and made common to all men. Betides thefe you Khali well conceive, that the better part were confirmed in our time, by the experience . of ftindry skilfull men in the matters of Husban-j. dry, and by earned fute purchafed, which to be brief, being thankfully accepted, the Author hath his due reward $ And foan \ ;	end of this firft part of the Gar-
deners Labyrinth.
BBS
THETHE SECOND PART
OF THE
Gardeners- Labyrinth,
Vttering fuch skilfull Experience, and worthy fecrets, about the particular (owing and removing of the moft Kitchin Herbs, with the witty ordering ofother dainty Herb», dele&able Flowers, pleafant Fruits, and fine Rco s, as thel.kc hath not heretofore been uttered of any. Bcfides, the Phyfick benefits of each Herb annexed, with the commodity of warns diftil-1c d our of them,right profitable to be known.
LONDON,
Printed by Jmc Bell, and are to be fold at the Weft-end of Chriß-chnrch, 1651.$
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»'The fecond part ofthe Gardeners Labyrinth.
■Here in my firft part I have folly fatisfied ( as I truft ) the expeftation of the Husbandly Gardener and owner in all fuch matters, which may appear necdfull or requifite to be learned and known, tor the better aid, in poflefling of a commodious and dclettable Garden: in like manner I purple to aid thecarefoll : Husbandman or Gardener, after the poflibilicy of my skill in this u fecond part, with fuch skilfoll helps and fecrets, as,are required, f about the artly fowing,and particular bellowing as wel of the kif*. : chin, as other dainty Herbs, pleafant Fruits^ deleftable Flowers,“ t and fine Roots, which at large I purpofe to utter in the fame,, and likt wife the Phyfick benefits to each herb I. add, with other matters profitable, to the end the owner or Gard«1?*' may with better ? good will be moved tobeftow an earnefo care and diligence about I the often removing, as well of dainty flowers as herbs, with the clipping preffing down, breaking away, and cutting away the [ ends of the roots, that thefe may grow the thicker and bigger both -in herb and root. All which inflruftions and rare fecrets, are part. borrowed out ofthe worthy works and treafuresof the Greek and i Latin profeflors of Husbandry, and part purchased by friendihip and earneft fute,of the skilful obfervers and witty fearchers in our i time of laudable fecrets in Garden matters, ferving as well for the, ufe and lingular comfort of mans life, as to a proper gain and de-< (light of the mind.
The like of which already uttered, may the owner both fee and ; know by that plant, which in Gardens every where, as well thofe in the Countrey as in the City, is placed none fo common, none moreplentifoll, nor oftener ufed among Ritckin Herbs, then this familiar pot-hearb, named the Colewort, which by a diligence of ~ the husbandly Gardener, may wel ferve in the coldeft Winter,, in thefteadof other pot-hearb?, fo that this herb by good reafon,-. known to be not oncly profitable for the pot, but to the ufes of Pbyfick right neceflary, hath moved me the rather to begin firfir With the Colewort, in uttering what rare and diligence is required about the fowing, often removing, clipping and dreffing of the fame, being before befiowed in beds workmanly prepared.	.

CHAP. .4	' Gardeners Labyrinth.
Chap. I.
^bat helps and fecTets are to he learned in the footing and often removing of tbeColewort,
THe worthy Marcus Cato in his Husbandry preferred the Cole-wort beforo all other pot-herbs, and the learned Vliny in like manner aferibed a principality to the fame of all Garden herbs, for which caufe, I purpofc here to treat firft of this herb, that many of the Latins alfo for the mighty ftem andarmes like branches named the Cole wort. Such is the nature of this plant, that the fame refufeth no condition of aire,for which caufe it may be committed to the earth in any time of the year.This plant defireth a fat earth, and wel turned in with dung, but the clayic, gravelly, or fandy, this refufeth, except a flood of rain water flhall now and then help.
The Colewort profpereth the better, being placed toward the South, but this (landing open to the North,not fb wel encreafcth, although both in taft and flrength it ovcrcometh in the fame place, for though the cold aire and frofts, the herb is caufcd the tenderer and pica fanter.
The Colewort joyetb On a bill fide, or the ground ftecplng down, itdclightcth in dung, and inctcafcth by the often weeding, as the worthy Rutilius hath noted: when fix leaves fhal be fprting up, or but five,the fame then muft be removed, but in fuch manner handled, that the root afore the (citing again, be anointed with foft Cow dung, which ought fo to be ordered in a warm day, if it be Winter, but in Summer time, then at fuch time as the Sun (hall be going down in the Weft.
The moil ancient of the Greeks divided the Colewort into three; kinds otiely, as thecrifped, which they named Selimidea, for the finnli t£ide of the leaves of Parccly,the fame of them Leany. for the, broad leaves ifliiing or growing Forth of the ftem, for which caufe, forae named it Cautoden. And the fame which properly is named Crambe3 growing up with thinner leaves, both fingle and very thick. The Colewort becommeth the bigger, through the earth daily turned light about the body. And particularly to,Write, the common Coicworts, which they name the long or green, ought to be fown from the middle of Auguft, pr from the beginning of
Sep-The fee end part of	5
September, that ihefc may be grown up into big leaves to ferve in Winter and in the Lent time. The htisbandly Gardener or owner may plant young Coleworts in Oftober, and fetthem again in December, to poflefle the leaves in the fharp Winter, and the feeds in June and July, and to make them alfo grow as big tuft, as in the other feafons of the year, and as tender 01 rather tenderer,al« though not To delefbble.
The Colewort may be caufed both big and pleafant, ifthrnft into a hole, you let unto the leaves in earth, that no part of the fteros be left bare, for doubt of perifhing; and as the fame groweth up in heigth, and the earth fhrinking from it, fo continually raife the earth high up to the body, and cut away the outward leaves,fo that no more then the top of the leaves may appear above the earth* The Colewort often weeded about, and workmanly dunged wax* eth the ftronger, and caufeth the Colewort to be of a greater in. creafe, and tender of leaf.
The red Coleworts naturally grow through the abundance of hot dung,or through the watering or wel moiftening of them with the Lees of wine, or clfe by the planting of them in hot places, where the Sun daily ftineth a long time together.
Never take the tops of the Romane, crifptd, nor the other for yourturn and ufe, but alwaies the thick leaves downward, from the heads or tops.
All the forts or kinds of Coleworts may be planted at all fea-fons,fo that the times and earth be neither too cold, no too hot. When you mind to fetthem again in holes made with a Dibble,' cutaway the ends of the roots, (eft in thefetting into the earth, they fold or bend to the ground, which harms them greatly, and onely thofe of a big growth are to be fet again, which although they (lowly take root, yet are they caufed the ftronger. And tiie roots of thefe, neither defire any foft dung, nor river mud to be a-noiated or laid about them, or to be fet in a foft earth,in that thqr; joy and profper in aground meanly dry, although the outward leaves wither, until! that time a fweet rain failing, recover their ftrength.Some water theyoungcrCol worts with fait water to caufe them grow tender, &c. as afore uttered.
Colewort greatly availeth againit drunkenneffe i of which it is now a common exercife among the Egyptians, that greatly love wine, to boil the Colewort with their meats, that in eating of the
like'6:	TJji fAondl^art if
like preparcd3theymay To avoid the annoyance of wine after drunk. Taxamus ( a Greek writer of Husbandry ) reporteth, that if any poure a little quantity of wine by drops, into the liquor of the Coleworc boiling, the fame after feetheth no more, but quailed in ftrength, is corrupted and changed in liquor. By a like a man may contrary gather, that the perfon which would drink plenty of wine,without being overcome with the fame, ought to eat afore a quantity of the raw Colewort with meat. But for this matter, hear the fentence of the lingular man ( M. Cato ) who willeth the perfon purpofed to drink much wine at a feaft, and to dine or (up freely, j to eat afore fupper, as great a quantity of the raw Colewort as he wil with good Vinegar, and being alfo fet down to fupper, to eac five leaves raw, thefe then wil caufe him to be as one that had neither eaten or drunk, whereby he may drink as much as he wil, through the marvellous repagnancy of the herb with wine, as a-fore uttered, and like noted by Agriuf, in the worthy work of M, Varro,
The Colewort in like manner, ought not to be planted nigh to the Organy, Rue, or Sowes bread, for the drying quality confiding in them, fo that thefe either fown or planted nigh to the Colewort, and other very moift herbs, d© generally hinder, and caufe them to wither. A like matter worketh the Lavender, fet in beds near to moift herbs, through the heat confiding in it, as the Radifh doth, which through the proper tartnefle or fbarpnefs being in it, burneth any moift and tender plant growing nigh to the fame.
This alfo is worthy memory which Atbmaus reporteth, that in Atbem (in time paft ) the Colewort was wont to be prepared with meat for women with child,in dead of a certain defenfative againft annoyances.
There is alfo made of the Afhes of Colewort, infufed in water, a fait, in that the fame pofleffeth a Nitrous fubftance (as afore uttered ) through wbofe benefit, if this be meanly boiled, and taken in . broth ( as we (hall hereafter write ) doth loofe the belly.
7bt Fbjfickjthdps and worthy feerets of tbt Colewort,
T He Colewort in the ufe of Phyfick hath fo many properties, that peculiar TarnfhiUtts the ancient, as Tythagoror, M. Catoy Cbryf}f>pMi DifucbtS} and fimdry others, wrote of the venues of the
fame»The Gardeners Labyrinth.	7
fame. But of the monument* of thsfe men none are extant, faving the fame which M. Cato and Plinj have lelfc to memory written. Therefore a few vertues of this herb ( and the worthieft /(hall after be uttered.	,
Firft M. Cato writeth, that this herb cooleth and motftneth in the (econd degree; and for the hardnes of making water, which commeth forth by drops or very ftraightly, he willeth to prepare the hearb after this manner : in taking the Colewort leaves clean picked, and after the bellowing of them in fealdtng water, to let them feeth awhile, which as yet half ra wv poure the liquor almoft from them: to thofe then add a reafonablequantity, both of Oile and Salt, but of the Cummine a little, which done» let the whole feeth a while, then taking it from the fire, and cooled, to fup a raefie or draught of the broth, and the Colewort leaves to ear, as foon as they be chut fodden tenderer, which in like manner daily life,unto the time the patient be eafed.
For all manner of Ulcers and fwellings, ufe and apply the Cole-wort workmanly bruited, cfpecially the fmall italics and tender leaves of the fame, that the Greeks name Crambt, and with us, the common Colewort, which like ordered, purgeth the Canker fores, and in ihort time healeth themj the like of which, no other medicine properly can do* But before the patient lay them on, he mull diligently with much warm water, fupple and walh the fores, after apply or lay on twice a day the faid Crambe, or common Colewort bruifed: with which remedy alfo, both loofc joynts and bruifes, yea Canker fores and Uiceis in the Paps of women, may marvelloufly be cured.
If the Ulcer be fo tender, that itcannot fuffer the fharp working of the Colewort, then mixing the Barly meal with it, apply on fuchwifc: and the report goeth, that there is one firnple, which like prevaileth againft the joynt ficknefie or ache of joynts, as the raw Colewort diligently apply ed doth, if the fame finely Ihred, be cat wFh Pvue and the Coliander, or elfe with a Come or two of &J t and barly meal, artly mixed with Oxmel, the fame be nointed morftrng and evening.
Twat if a perfon hardly beateth or but little bruife (faith M.Ce-to) tile Colewort with wine, which after the hard wringing forth, and'warmed in a faucer, drop gently into the care, and in ftiorc.. tirpe the patient (hall feele the benefit of th« fame. Thefe hit hereo O	M*S	The fécond part of
M. Cato, which accuftomed to prove the crifped Colewort efpeckl-4y5 next the thin with greatleaves and big italk.
Leavingfurther to write of theverrues, which Cato in his Husbandry, and the Angular Pliny utter, l here mind to declare certain worthy pra&iles.of the Greeks, as touching the Colewort, and Bill they report, that the decottion of the Colewoit drunk with pieplant wine, to procure the monthly cou-rfe in women, to thele theîe the juyee of ihe fame mixed diligently with tine hony to cure the eyes, if the fame wittily be dropped into the corners of them.
Tbatif any hath eaten veneroous Mufltromes, he fhall marvel* loufly beholpen.by drinking the juyee of the Colewoit«
Nor they omit that the fame doth ycild a mighty nourifhment. to the body. In fuch manner, that Children eating of the Cole-, wort for a time do the fpeedier go alone.
The juyee ( as they report) drunk with white wine for fourty jd a yes together, curetbboth the difeafe of the Spleneand Jaun* dite, as the worthy Paxantue ( in his husbandly initruftions ) con« ftrmeth. In which he reporteth that threej parts of the Colewort, with two parts of the round Alluro fteeped in Vinegar.clenf* cth the foul feurffe and Ieprie : the fame boiled and drunk amend-eth the voice and griefe of the Arteries. For which caufe many ftu-dents ufe defiroufly this hearb.
Toufealfothe feed and leaves, with Sylpbium and Vinegar bruited and applied on the grieved placé,, doth perfectly cure the. bite, both of a dog mad and not mad.
And if it (hall happen through acHftillation or Rheumefrom his head, that the V$nda or roof to be fallen into the throte, the juyee then of the raw Colewort apply -d to the head, will in ftiore time recover and (by the fame in the proper place a fecret in very deed, worthy to be noted.
. The raw juyee of the Colewort drunk with wine, helpeth the bit of a Serpent or Adder» the juyee with the meal of Fenlgreke and Vinegar artly mixed, and cither annointed or applyed in piaffer forme, doth effe&ually cure the Gout, Joynt ficknefies, yea filthy and old Ulcers, as the worthy Viofcorides wnteth.The juyee al-£o fnuffed or drawn up into the noffrils,.purgeth very wel the head, andconvayed into the fecret place with the meal of darnel, draw* eth the reds or termes down.
The juyee of the leaves anoited alone, or with Barly meal bea-Ë	ten-’the Gardeners Labyrinth.	9
ten and mixed, doth in fliort time qualifie inflammations, and af^ fwage great fwellingi, and wet Salt both breaketh botches, and ftaieth the fhedding ofhaire.
The difeafed of the Splene, this raw eaten with Vinegar doth protr, after the boiling mixed with honey, the fame greatly prevailed again A eating Ulcers, and Canker fores.
• The green ftalks with the roots burned ( or rather rolled under hot emberj)whieh after the artly mixing with old Barrows greale, be in plafter or form applied, to the daily griefs of flanckes or lides, doth in ftiort time prevaile.
The juyee of the Colewort mixed with the oile of Rofes,and ap-plycd to the forehead, doth remove the headache,procured by heat of the Sun. To this Colewort boiled, if you mix the Oile of Almond' and juyee of the fweet Pomegranat, the fame uled, doth in fhort time deliver a dry cough.
The Colewort ( after the opinion of certain skilful Phyfitians ) is found to be hard in digeftion, fwelleth the belly, harmeth the flegmatick (in that the fame inercafeth humours ) and harmeih women,having the red c'ourfe on them, forafmueh as the fame inercafeth foch a flux.
If you would drie a meift belly, then after the Coleworts be half fodden{ by pouring forth all the fltfi in a manner ) poure in other warm water fpcedily,which like boile again until the Colewort in this feething, Hull be tender and fofit, and in eating, feafon k with a little Pepper and Salt: but this may not be handled on fuch wife, if you would ufe it for looting of the belly, for then after the fluffing of it out of the tirft hot liquor, into a pan Handing faft by with Oile and a little Salt prepared, you muft boile again unto the time the fame ready.
7k*
01io	The[ecotid fart of
The commended benefit* of the difiilkd rv.ittt of Culeatort/•.
THe leaves of the green and ccnamonColewort,are to be diddled in a faireand apt time^a^ bouc ti e beginning of June.
This water roiniflred or received unto the quantity of three ounces at a time, morning and evening, ftayeth womens reds.
The dihilled water of the Cole-wort,profketh the birth of childe when the time of delivery is as ■ , hand, if a Napkin wet in ic be applied often to thenofe, tofmell nnto, for by that meanes may fhe happily be delivered. The like ] quantity'drunk,hejpeth the drop ping of the Urin: And drunk unco the quantity of three ounces at a time, moifiing ar.d evenings, ftaietha loofe belly.
The Phjfi eke helps of the water of the red Colemrt.
'	* J£ '*
THe leaves of the red Cqlewort gathered, are to bed i Ail led in the end of May.
This water drunk in the morning fading, unto the quantity of i] fix or feven ounces at a time, foftneth a hard belly, and three ounces at a time ufed ( for a month together ) putteth away the giddL. J nefs of the head : this water profiteth againft the Apoplexies and ‘convulfion or Cramfe in the members,cither drunk or anointed on the grieved places. The water helpeth the trembling and quivering 1 of members, if thofe be often rubbed and fiippled with ir, and the Water differed to drie ihefeinto parts by it felf.
Thelinnen clothes wet in it applied on inflammations, puttetb | away the heat, and ceafeth or fwageth the dwelling : and orderly |f drunke, healeth Ulcers both within and without the body, Co that	|
the'The Gardeners. Labyrinth.	j i
thè Ulcers without, be applied with linntn clothes, both morning and evening	1
Chap. II.
What peertby inJlruShns to be tonceived, in the [owing and ordering of the Bette for the Tot,
r PHeBeete more often eaten at poor mens tables, ought to be .bellowed in a moft fat earth, and fowen at any feafon, but rather the feeds to be committed ,to the earth abour the middle of December,and unto March, and like in Augull,, to poffefle feeds, which may endure for three years. The feeds ought rather to be thick then thin fown in beds, and fhot up to fome growth, as that four or five leaves be fprung above the earth ; then in Summer time^ the plants are to be removed, if the beds afose were moiflned or we* with fhowers, as the Angular Columella writeth : but if the ground be dry in harvcfi time, then to remove them where fhowers lately fell and foftned the earth.	,
The Beet loveth ox joyetb to he often digged about*, and to be fed with much dung, forwhieh caul'ethe young plants to be fet a-gain,ought after the ends of the roots cut off, and the tops of the leaves clipped, to be flriked or anointed about with new Cow-dung, and then bellowed in beds a good diflance afunder, which after the plants be more grown up, to be diligently weeded about, and the unprofitable weeds thrown away,' for by that meanes they grow the fairer and bigger, being as I laid, bellowed in fat earth and wel dunged.
The Beet may be caufed to grow big and broad, as Sojlicn in his Greekinifru&ions of Husbandry affirmeth, if before the Btecfball be grown up into a ftem,and fhot forth in {talks* the owner lay upon the head a “broad Tile,Potfheard,or fome other thing ofweight, -to preffe the top gently down, for by that pra&ife or meanes in the weighty bearing down, the Beet is caufed to fpread into a breadth with the leaves.
The Beet fcecommeth the whiter and far greater,if the Husbandly Cardcner anoint or cover the root with new Oxe or Cow dung, and that he cut the root and top of the young Beet, as the Lceke O3	hand-if	; The fesondpdrt of
handled before the fetting, and after a bigger growth to prcflcic down,as afore uttered. To have the Beet grow red, water the plant with red wine Lees, or fet the fame in a hot place, where the Bun daily fhineth long. The Beet rolled in embers, taketh away the {linking fmell and favour of Garlike eaten, if the fame be eaten ' upon or after the Garlike, as the Greek Menander hath noted. This is marvellous to heare by the feed of the Beet, that it yeildeth not the whole perfection or perfeft feeds in the firft year, bus an increafe in feeds fonnwhat more the feeond year, and in the third year,a full perfection from the firft fowing: And Tliny reporteth, that .the Beet fpeedier commcth forward with the old feed, then with new : for which caufe, the matter demanded*of a skilful Gar* dener, reporteth of experience, that the feeds of the Beet to fow, ought not to be gathered before the Beet had borne a third yeare, after the firft fowing: of which feeds Town in due time of the Moon, the bell Beets come s and this not to be forgotten, that when the italic of wine* through the Colewort ( as afore uttered )ii corrupted in the Veffel, the fame again by the favour of tkeBcer, as through the leaves put intoit, is recovered., Thefe hithertoof the Beet.
Ibe Pbyficke benefits of the Beet. .
F'lrft all the kinds of the Beet have a cold and raoift quality,and the white Beet, as Vipbilns the husbandly Phyfitian reporteth, loofeth the belly, and the red Beet moveth or proveketh Urin. Galen affirmeth this Beet to be endued with a nitrous quality, through which it both purgeth and clenfeth filth, which vertue is more effe&ucus in the white,infomoch that it caufeth the belly laxative, and purgeth the body of evil humours, yet the fame palled to the ftonaack, biteth and pulleth it. The juyee of the common Bccc drunk loofeth the belly, but the fame harmeth the ftomack in pia-* ching or biting it,efpecially thofe perfons which have a tender and delicate ftomack, fc that the herb is better commended foddeo, then the raw juyee ufed.
The juyee of the Beet mixed with the t)ile of bitter Almonds, after the heating of it in a faucer, (upped or drawn up into the no* ftrils, doth greatly helpe the flopping of the nofe, and recover fmelling through the purging or clenung of the head. The root of the Beet boiled in water, and three or four drops of ths liquor
drop-The Gardeners Labyrinth-	13
dropped into the eares, doth remove the rags and pain of them» And the juyee of the Beet rubbed on the gums, afivvage the rubbing of them: the juyee of the raw Beet anointed on any bald place of the head, procureth the haire to grow, and killeth lice. The decoftion of the leaves and roots, do al(o cleanfe the head of Niites and Dandry. T he Beet after the tender boiling, applied on whelks, and blitters of fealding or burning, doth in (hort time heal them, The juyee of the Beet drunk with Cummine or Dill feeds, removeth the griping« of the belly. «The black or red Beet boiled with the pulfe Lenrilei, and the fame received,ftayeth a loofe belly, which ( as I above faid ) the white Btetloofeth. This white Beet alfo fodden a*id eaten with raw Gariike, doth drive away the wormes of the belly. The Beet boiled, helpeth the obftru&ions or ftoppingsof theLiver, more then the great Mallows or holy Oke doth, elpecially when the fiwne is eaten with Muftard or Vinegar,, and eaeen in like manner as with Muftard or Vinegar, doth mar-vclloufly aftwage and hclpe the corrupted Splene. This herb it rather eaten alter this manner for Phyfick caufes, then lor nourifti-ment, in that there is but a fmall nourilhmenc of this,' as of all o-ther Pot herbs, which to the full eaten of at a time, or often eaten, doth not onely gripe and bite the ftomack, but increafeth evil hu-, mours, as wel in the healthful as ficke perfons..
Ike'facial efeQrof the dip tiled tester of the white Beet/,
THe time of the diftiJling of this herb, is in the end of June, and that both the leaves and ftalks together. The new water of the white Beet,drunk morning and evening unto thequan-tity of four ounces at a time, doth marvelloufly prevaile againft theftone, in that the fame confumcth’ it. This quantity like drunk, prevaileth againft the griefe of the ftone, in that it pur-geth the loynes and kidneyes. This cealeth the vexing paine of joynt Aches, by applying wet clothes on the places dipped in it.
chap;m
Thefecotid part of
Chap. III.
Whaïrart helps and ficrcts ta to be learned\ in the fining and fitting of the Blete,
THere are two kinds of this Blete, as the white and the red or black, both at this day very wel known, through their grow-ing as common in the Field or Garden .The ftalks and leaves of the red wax fo red in thê growing, that they appear as dyed with a Scarlet colour, bat after a further growth, in time theft from that colour are changed into a purple, and at length wax black to the eye, of which the fame alfo is named of fomc the black Blete* The rootbefidcsoTthis herb in the breaking appeareth fo red as any blood.	. ’
The white Blete poflefleth or rather fendeth forth branches and leaves like to the Beet, and the fame without fharpnefs or biting, being unfavofy, and each is of the (âme Condition, that it fpeedily fpringeth in the Garden, a» Fhny reporceth* .	'
And the white or red Blete may be fown in any earth,but rather in a wel d refit d ground,in the moneth of March,as the skilful Neapolitan RutiliufwMkth, which ftrongly grown in the earth, or fully come up, contintieth and yearly renueth of it felf, without any proper fowing, fo that in time this fo taketb root by the feeds yearly falling, that the Gardener after can haidly weed the fame out of his ground if he would : wherefore this once fown in a fertile earth, profpereth many years by the yearly yield and falling of the feeds, and required! neither raking nor weeding about it, as the worthy Faüadiue reportetfi.
The ? byftcJ{6 helps and commodités of the BleteI
THe worthy Galen in his book Vefaotk. fimpl. wrketh that the Blete is a Pot herb, much and often eaten of the fimple fort, andinaqualiitycoldandmoift.	'	.
This as Fliny writeth, is thought to be unprofitable to the fto-roack, and fo much molefiing the belly, that in fome this moveth and caufeth thecholer toincreafe, andthefiixof the belly. Yea, this moveth alfo vomitings with griping of the belly, through chcu
1erThe féc ond par t of	15
1er moved and ftirred up, which by the daily or too much eating of it at a time proceeded), yet the Blete ofpra&ifc known, doth harm leftè the ftomack and belly, if the firft water poured forth, and the left herb putina pan, be fryed with Oile and Butter, and a little Salt added, or Vinegar, and fo eaten. But this notwithftanding may not be often eaten, nor to he full ai a time, forafmuch as this (of experience known, procureth vomiting, and engendrech pain in theftomack, griping in the bowels, and to be laxative, through the moving of choler. and In the eating of this is to be remem-bred, that the herb be not eaten with Oile alone, and a little S dr, buc rather with Vinegar added for the more part, in that the fame otherwife is known so be enemy to theftomack. This herb ( as a-bove uttered) hath a property in foftning the belly,especially wiien the force of ic is increased,by foroe other flippery and clammy matter. Thefc hitherto Galen, This notwithftanding drunk fn Wine fas fl’tnj reportetb ) prevaileth againft the bite of a Scorpion, and laid a plainer form on tbe thick skin of the feet, and in like manner for the beating pain of the temples, and with Oile on the Milt, doth greatly prolis. And the worthy Hippocratet wriccth, that ..the fame eaten in the manner (as afore taught )doth refrain and dale the eearmes. Thefe hitherto P/hey.	(
. Chap. iy.
Wbi$ diligence and skill it required in tbe Joining and felting of tbe Garden Orage.
T He Garden Oragc for the pot, ought by the agreement of the skilful, to be Town in the moneth of March and April, and in the other moneths following unto Harveft , the apt ieafons and times herein con fide red. But in Tome place» are feeds bellowed in moneth of December, in a wel d reded and dunged earth, and the plants better profper being tiua four a. Tbaie alio may be fewn by thcmfelves in beds, and together with ocher herbs, and they ah' waies defire to be cu: or broken off with an iron inftmaieut, that they ceafe not yeilding forth of young.Tha Orage joyetb h* the often watering, if the feafoa and ground be very drie. The feeds of the Arage ought diligently to be covered,) ucontioeat after ibsy are P	be-i 6	Ifefct&nd f&t *f
beftowcd in the earth, ‘ and the roots of the herbs to be often dig-tted under,and left hollow of earth,that the roots may grow within the Wronger.
This herb is fuppofed to grow the greater,, being ndt removed;
«it all, and for that caule the plants thin bellowed in beds, do ever-rtiorejoy a nd increafe the better .The plant in like manner inctcaf-eth and becometh the fooner great, through the often and diligent weeding exe-cifcd about the lame. To be brief, this plant after the mind of 2v/#i/i«ir, requiretb to be watered all the hot and drie fca-fons, unto the tinte of Harveft, in that the fame del ghteth and in--creafeth the fafter, through the daily* raoifttire bellowed on it*, !
The Fbjfickc benefits ef the Orach».
THe feeds of this Herb may be kept to ufe for four ycarcs, and: thefe through their clenfing quality, help greatly the (lopping of the Liver, caufing thè (hedding of the Gall,or yellow Jaundifc. Two drams of the feeds bruifed, minHhcd wkh two ounces of honey, and a draught ofwarm wster, and drunk falling, doth on filch wife by vomiting tall up choler. The herb in quality is known to be cold in the firft degree, and moift in thè fecond, through which reafon it fo-ftneth the belly. The herb finally nonrilhed, in■, -that i he liquor or juyte of it is watery and flippery, through which it lightly loofah the belly, and the leaves after the biuding laid in plafter form on hot impollumes and fwellicgs, and like on the (hin-gles, doth b.rth fpeedily coole and heal them. The feeds^fter the bruifing, taken with a quantity of honey, ahd the fame fundry times, helpeth fuch as fetch their wind hardly. The feeds like ufed,.	]
do expel the worms in the belly, and provoke vomiting, fytbtgo-rp greatly mifliked the Orachi in that the fame ( as he affirmeth ) caufed by thèóflèrf iéàthfg both a paleneffe of face, and the Kings-evil, Rutthe worthy Ty'mfioYides far other wife judged, in that he affirmeth fcheArach feeds to helptheJanndife.TheArach alfo help- I eth fuch as have a hot liver. If the herb Mercury with the Orach be , J diligently boiled, and the 6roth fundry times uted, it doth both loofe the belly, and dellveréth the pain of the bladder. The per- | (on daily ufing the deco&ion or broth of the Orachs with the herb Mèrcu y and Beets, far a time togetbepdoth fpeedily deliver and rid the Ague. The Orach eaten, is thought profitable for the per- j
ioaThe Gardener* Labyrinth. \ i y
Con fpittmg blood, The herb bruifed and applied to the belly, sot oncly clenfech the defaults or corrape matter within the privy place, but ceafcth in ftort time the painful grief of the raatrice. The Orach bruifed and laid in pi sifter form on any member, hurt either with thorne or naile, doth with expedition draw the fame forth and haaleth it. The herb boiled with honey, and applyed on rough nailes of the fingers, doth within lhort time loofe them off. The Orach bruifed, and after the mixing with honey, applyed in platter form, doth in fhore time remove the achiog pain of the hot gout in the feet. The herb fo tender and fofc boiled as any other Pot herb, and eaten of the patient, doth ooc 011»ly fofteu the bel ly, hardned orcoftiveby he*t,httt removeth divers fwelliags.
Chap. V.
$
VJbat futgtthr ikjll and feartti it «a he hpown in the fiwmgt removing and ft*ixg again of the worthy hearh named Sperage.
n^He field or Garden Sperage, joyech in c fat, rnoift,and wel dre£ fed earth, and the hearb grown up to height, hath by every leaf growing forth, a red berry hanging down, in which a feed is, that the hearb in the fowmg commeth.of.
The feeds to be committed to the earth, as the worthy Vydimut in his Greek iallru&ians of Husbandry reporterh, ought to bebe-ftowed in the fpring time, into little holes of three fingers deep in which the owner orGardcner j»ay put two or three feeds together, Wclhilf a foot diftant one from the »her, which thus bellowed* require after no more travel nor care for the firft year», faying the digging about, and plucking up of weeds growing amone them.
But for the fowing and increase of the Spcrages, it (hall be to great pupofe and commodity, to heare the witty precepts and in-ftru&ions of Mar cut Cat:i Colwatllo, PIug3 and Pdladim like a-greeing.
The feeds ( fay fay ) as much as three finger« can uke up at one time, may the owner or Gardener worknaanly put, and lightly cover, in earth both frtt«d and well dunged, and in very little furrows, fo ftraight fnack a* a lme, which cn this wife handled, will
P 2	byi;8	The Gar dentri Labyrinth.
by the fortieth day after grow fo inward in. the earth, that the roots (hot forth, will clafp and fold one another, as if they joy ned together in xne, and for the lame named of the ancient Gardeaers earth Springes. .It the places in which you purpolc to commit the •feed lhall be drie, then thefe laid on foft dung, lying alow in the ^urrowes, lhall on fitch wife be ordered and covered,as if they lay or were bellowed in little Hives. B»ut in a contrary manner aliali the owner or Gardener workand do, in continual! moift places, for the feeds m like places lhall be bellowed on high.ridges, work-manly raifed with dung, that the moifture may ledè annoy the plants in the growing, which onely ought to be fed or watered with the moliture pali ng by, .and not (till to abide in that moi--jfhirr, to be cloyed with it. The feeds on fitch wife bellowed, will yuld a Sperage in the firft year, which the owner or Gardener (hai then break or cut off beneath. But if the owner afiay to pull at it near the ground, the final foots '( ds yet tender ) and weak in the earth, may happen to rife and follow with the whole Spunge, which therefore workmanly broken off, ought thus to be fed and n ouriflied in one proper pkee, growing Itili for two years with dung and diligent weeding. In the otheh years following, the Sperage lhall not be broken off by the ftalk, but plucked up by the root, that the fame may fo open the eyes of his branching, for except the plant be handled on fitchwife, the Items broken off, wil» not increafe the eyes of the fpunges, but rather grow as blind, fa • that thefe wil not fuffer the Sperage to yeild or fend forth the proper increafe. The fune lhall the Gardener .preserve, of which he. gathered the feed, and bum after the crops and knobbed ends or joyntsof the fame herb. After this, about the winter time,(hai the owner lay or befipw on the (punges, both afhes and dung, which the learned M. Cato rather willeth.to be fhteps dung,. There is a- ■ nother manner and way of lowing by (punges onely, which after ^wo years ought to be removed into a funny andwel dunged . place. The like furrows ought to bemadewel a foot diftant one from the other, and' not above twelve fingers deep, in which the tender and young fpunges are to be fet, that lightly covered with earth-, they may eafily lpring and (hoot up. But in the (pring time, before they (hall come up or appear above the ground, the Gardener or owner with a forked iron, commonly nameda Dibbel, (hai fo loofe the earth,that thè end of lit may appear out, and the root
ofTlxficond part of	i y
of the herb loofed from the ground, may by that meanesincrcafe to a more bignefle.
Thsfame M, Ca/a willeth the plant to be raked and diligently weeded about, but lb handled in the digging about or weeding, that the rootsof the plant be not loofed, or in the'Weeding by it be otherwife feebled in the treading down.
In the winter time the little grove-of Sperages fliall be covered' over with thin and light mattrefles of ftraw, left it lhould be bitten and greatly endamaged with the frofts and cold airc, which in ' the fpring time fliall be opened and uncovered again, and fed with dung about the roots that the plants may the fpeedier come forward and increafe, through the comfortable feeding of the dung and moifture, orderly done.
The worthy Vydimus Q in hi$ Greek inftru&ions of husbandry) reporteth, and alter him the learned Ph'ay, that many Sperages do fpring up thorow the homes of wild Rams broken into grofs pou-der, and thefe ftrewed along in little furrows, and after the light covering with earth, often watered, which although it feemed not credible to the worthy Diofcarider, and that he much mifiiked the reafonof the fame, yet if the Gardener or owner lhall make a proofor trial,he wil atterconfefie (1 dare affirm) this experiment to be moft true.
There be which more marvelloufly report, even that the whole • homes of Rams, not broken afunder,' nor cut into final pieces^’ but onely bored thorow in many places, and then bellowed in the earth, to bring forth or yeild in Ihort time Sperages, which if the owner would poflelTc of them for all the yearc to feed on, when he gatherctli the fruit, tuuft then in the digging about ( as the faid dim*« writethj open thofe roots, which lcatter and fpread in the top of the Turf, for the young plant thus ordered, will fpeedily' lend forth new tender Items, and yeild Sperages* which lightly boiled in water and frefh broth, and to the lame both fait and: oyle, or fiveet butter orderly mixed, anda little quantity of Vinegar poured upon, wil after yeild a Angular delight to the eaters thereof.
But in this place I think it neceflary to be remenbred, that the Sperages require a final boiling, for too much or long boiled,they become corrupt or without delight in the eating*	:
Of which the worthy Empcrour Druf»i9 willing todenionflrate.
P529	The fécond péri cf
the fpeedy (ticceiTe of a matter, was wont to (ay, the fa«« ficmld be fooncr done then the Sperage boiled, i As touching the making of the (auce or pickle, the tendes (talks fpiinkled with fait, and wrought up in round heap«, ought Co to be let «lone to fwoac in the fhadow, after to be diligently washed with their own liquor, until they be Efficiently abated, and cleared of themoifture in them, at the Ieaft clenfed from the pickle, and in the laying on of a weight ( after fuc manner} prefled forth.Then poor© into an apt veflèl two parts of Vinegar,and on* of the pickle, which worknunly thickened with drie Fcncll feeds, in fuch manner &s the tender (talksand leaves may wcl be prefléd down and covered in the fame, and that the liquor reach up unto the top or brim of the earthen pot.
i V*£ht Vbyfickf oerfimoditict and helps of the Sperage.
THs fruit and feed areufad in medicine, and indure for a year in perfect rertue, the heart by nature hcatethand moifteneth, and fo the fame reformeth and helpech the Palfic, the Kings eviil, and ttrangury. The Garden Sperage prepared with meal and ca-ten, doth noeoneLy help a hard milt, but flopping of the Liver« The root of the Sperage boiled in wine, and miniftred in apt dme of the Moon,recovcreth the {bedding of the Gaul, and the fame is by expedience known. The meat of the Sperage is reported to be raoft profitable for the ftomack, which with Cummine mixed, both re move th the fwelling of the belly, and cholickc.
The meat of the Sperage orderly prepared and eaten, doth not onely procure Urin eafily to paffe, bin diffiulveth and (endeth forth the fmal (tones in the bladder, through the joyce of a Lemon added to, which experience wilwel confirm. There be fome which minifler the root partly boiled with fwcet or white Wine) for griefs of tha womans privy place« There be which affirm, that th« pwfon (hall not be (tinged with Bees, if be anoint the naked parts with Sperage and CHle bruifed together.The decoftion of the root not onely profittth the perfons hardly making water, but aflwa-gith all manner of grief and pain of the gums, teeth, and mouth, by holding the fane for a dine, and wafhing the mouth therewith.
The worthy F liny writeth, that the Sperages workmanly boUed, do marvsltadly profit and help tha griefs evth of thebreft and
chineThe Gardeners Labyrinth.	W
chine of the hick. To th«fe the Sperage to procure and move forward the veHerial aft, and to leofic gently the bellV.
Diofetrida reported^ that the Spcragee either rotted or Sodden, do mitigate the dropping pain of the llrin, the difficultnefle of the fame, a*d the perilous nbc, Dyfentcria. Galen affirmeth, the Speragc to clear the kidney* and Hopping of the Liver, especially with the roots and feeds.
Chap. VI,
Whai jhjll and and obfervatio* to be fallowed in the frvin^and ordering of the Spinagt.
THis plant apteft for the Lent time ( for that the fame is oftnor or more common ufed in that feafoil)may in any good ground ‘ be beftowed, for it commethup very wel in every place. And the feeds are to be committed to the earth in the monsths of September and Q^ober, to Serve for the Lent enfoing, for that it is the firft Pot* herb which is found in Gardensaboatthe Lent time. But in the nioneths of December, January, February, and March, for all the Summer following. And this plant very wel induieth the extremity of times and feafons, as the cold, frotts, and Snow. And although Spiuage commeth wel up in any ground, .yet the -earth -ought to be diligently iabouied before, and the lame to be fom*** what moift. The Plants after the eotnmisg up, which appear by the Seventh day after tbefowing, need no weeding to bedone about them, but onely to clip offthetopsof tender leaves, .whereby they : may grow up the condier and fairer to the eye. If the Gardener would have the bed of Spinage indure a long time, and to profit, -he ought to cut half the bed along at one time, and the other half atanWter ttmr.This pot herb, (after the top* cut offand thrown away ) ought to be Sodden without water, in chat the fame (in the Teething' yeildeth much raoifiure, for contented with the liquor, it refufeth any other broth added, So that this otherwise Sodden*, lofeth the kindly and natural! juyee of the fame, and befidcs too haftily drowned or overcome with the fame. This bsic.g very tender aft«* the Seething, ought co be finely chopped with a woodden* knife, ortherwife ftamped and turned often in the beaten «f it,,
which t
k>3	Th* Gardeners Ldbjrwtb.
which wrought up into round heaps, and fryed in tht fweeteft oile or butter, muft fo be prepared with «quantity of Verjuyee and Pepper biuifed, that k may the more delight the taft.
Ihe Fhj jicJy benefits and helps of tht Spinagel ,
r|"'His herb for the pot, nartied Spinage, moiftneth and coo Jet h ( after the mind of the tkilfull) in the end of the firft degree. The Spinage both foftneth the belly, and moiftneth the body,and removeth the grief of the breft and Lungs* This gaihoreth wind in the body,unIcfle the excremcntal humour be fent fonh by purge j but applyed in hoc caufes this greatly profiteth.
And if we may credit the Phyfitian Strapion, this more nouri-fhech then the Arage, looftth the belly,and leaveth after it a bitter nouriftimenc,yet clenfeth, mimdificth, afivrageth choler, and pre-ficeth both the breft and Lungs. The herb boiled and applyed, helpcth the forenefs and grief of thethrote, proceeding of blood, and the red choler. The daily eating of this herb, dotn marvel* loufly profit fuch having a hoarfe voice, and that hardly fetch breath, and much moleftcd with the cough« if the herb after the proper Teething and ordering, ( as above taught) be either fryed with fweet butter, ortheoyleof fwcet Almonds, and that to is Verjuyee and Pepper bruifed, be wittily added: for on fuch wife handled, the fame (daily eaten) do expell humours, where in a contrary manner, the dcco&ion and herb limply being daily eaten, doth £ by agreement of the skilful) ingender In condition melancholias the daily eating of Lettice doth, the herb prepared ( a» afore taught ) and eaten with the deco&ion of the fame drink«, doth not help without doubt the grievous reinct, and ache of the back, but loofeth a eoftive belly1«
Chap. VII.
PVhat shjU and ditigmet is required in the /owing and orde-rinZ °f *h* Garden SorrtUt
"’’He Sorrell of the Garden, although it will well enough come * up in ground, not drefled, yet the feeds evermore bellowed In
liThe Gardeners Labyrinth.	2 3
laboured earth, not dunged at all, in the moneth of April, and to be much and often watered, until they be welcome, in that the fame efpeciall joyeth being placed near the water.
And theGardener minding to pofiefie the feeds of the Sorrel, ought after certain leaves come up, to remove the plants, in letting them grow unto the full ripcnefs of the feeds, which after the tho-row drying, to be kept unto the fowing time. The Sorrel come up, neither wel abideth frotls, cold, nor overmuch moifture: and t<* have the beds of Sorrel continue leemly to the eye all theSu nmer thorow, let the owner or Gardenerxut the tops of the Sorr^J three or four times in the year.
The like diligence may be Employed in thefowing and ordering of the Garden Pimpernel.
, The Pbyftcke commodities and be!pj of the Sorrtl and FimperrseL
THe herb Sorrel cooleth and di ieth in the third degree,and the herb eaten remeveth lothfomenefs, and procureth an appe~ cite to meat. The Sorrel lanced with Vineger, and eaten fading in the morning, is a prefervative for the plague. The leaves wrapped in paper, and rolled under hot embers,which after the bruiling and mixing with a little oyte of Rofes, applied on fwellings,doth bring them in (hort time to mattering.
The feeds of the Sorrel biuifed, and drunk either with water ot wine, aflwagech the dangerous FJix T>y[mteria9 and the pain of the belly of a continual Flix, and the abortment of the do-mack.
The roots of Sorrel boiled with Vineger, ol* raw imployed and anointed, do heal the Lepry and Ringworms, and rough nailcs, but it behoveth to rub over the places afore, with fait, Niter, and Vineger in the hot Summer. A decottion of the roots ccafeth the itch of the body, if with the fame the body in a bath be gently rubbed and fuppled : the root bellies boiled in urine aflwagech both thegriefor pain of the earcs and teeth. Many in removing of the Kingsevill, wear the root about their neck. Thejuyce of tha Sorrel tempered with oile 01ive,and robbed on the head,removeth the grievous pain of the head proceeding of an untempered hotnel's. The roots boiled with wine and drunk or eaten, remove any fick-nelTecommingofheat,asthcJaundtfe, proceeding of ths L:ver
CL '	or24	Thefecon4p4rt; of
or Milt, in the like manner drunk,'anti the roots after the bruifing appli'edin plaiter form to the privy place, do ftaie the reds of women long contriving. The feeds boiled in wine, do ftaie all manner of Fluxes of the belly, and remove the (welling of the Milt. The leayes of Sorrel wel bruited, and applyed on the breft, do af-fwage the burning*of the Fever.
The Pimpernel of the Garden,heateth and dryeth in the fecond .degree. The herb is efpecially applied for poifon, in that the fame ejenieth all the outward filth of the body. The root boiled in wine and t^unk,removeth theevill^nd venemous blood from the heart, of which the plague is eafily caufed to proceed, and ce^feth the head-ache. It a man be wounded unto the skul, (he juyee of this * herb dropped into the wound, a nd applyed upon, doth infhort time recover and heal the fame without grief* This dropped into Ulcers and other wounds, curech them. As for proof, take a Cock, and ftrike him into the skul with a knife, but noc piercing it, after take the juyee of this herb, and inftil two or three drops into the Wpund,and it wil immediately bring the fame unto a icar.The herb mixed with*Rocket feed and Vineger, and drunk, moveth fweat, expelleth poyfon and evill humours: boiled w.ith wine and drunk, removeth the difeafe.of the Hips, and efpecially helpeth an evill cough, and purgeth thebreft.TheJierb boiled in wine ar^d received, breaketh the ftoneof the Kidnyes & bladder, St removeth the ftran* gury. In the fame manner imployed, proficeth againft the gi ipings of the Bowels. But this efpecially availeth againft the flopping of the Liver and Milt, The Pimpernel, to be brief, helpeth tfia ftone, moveth the Urin, affwageth the ftrangury, purgeth the breft, and expelleth the poifon of the plague from the heart. The juyee of it boiled, and drunk before the fieof the Ague, putteth away any Fever. Theroot may alfo be candied, af the Ginger, with Suger or Honey, and to prevaile the like againft the abovefaid difeafes.
The herb boiled, removeth a continual Ague : the juyee of the herb, a tertian Ague, fo that the fame be drunk before the fit.
A worthy experiment againft thcPfyfckof theLungi.Take of the . Pimpernel brought into very fine powder two ounces,of new. Pimpernel water, and of Sugar, as much as (hall fuffke, making thereof an Ele&ure, of which take daily to drams.The Gardener* Labyrinth.	2 5
%he commended helps oj .be di/tilled waters, goth of the Sorrell and Pimpernel.
THc Sorrell is to be (Milled with the whole fubftance, it» the fpring time. The water tempered with Treacle, prevailed! a-gainft the plague. The water drunk, removeth all manner of inward heats, ceafeth thirft, helpeth the Liver and Milt, by the drinking and imploying of the fame with linneri clothes wet in it. It removeth the (tangles being applied and drunk, it helpeith fealding or burning, and putteth away the Kings evil. It availeth in Agues, to coole the burning heat, Sec.
The root and herb with the whole fubflance, fhred and bruifed together, ought to be diftilled in the end of May. The water of the Pimpernel drunk morning and evening, unto the quantity of three. or four ounces at a time, doth help the the ftone of the Kidnies and Bladder, and purgeth the reincs. Thishclpeth the plague, drunk within fi x daies once. It profiteth women whofc matrice is .ever cold, and fendeth down the reds.This drunk with a little quantity of Caftoiy in fine powder, putteth away the fluking of the members. This drunk unto the quantity of four ounces falling, prelcr-veth the perfon that day from any natural flcknefle, in that it removeth all manner of grief from the heart, expellcth evil humours, and procureth llrin. This drunk, like profiteth again!! potion, it caufeth alfo a clear skin, and faire both in face and hands, Jf th« party for a time walh daily thofe parts with it.
Chap. VLII.	;
What skill and diligence is required in the worlytianl) /owing and or-' dering of the Borage and BugU/je.
THe Borage and Buglofle, or Longde-beefe ferving for the pot, when the leaves arc yet tender, and the Sowers rorSalletsre-quire to be (own in themonethof Auguft, and in September, to ferve the winter time, and in the moneth of April (the Moon in-creafing) for the Summer time, in that the lecds ( efpecially of the Buglofle) prolper not lo wel to be Town at any other time,
Iflfl	Qj	fo*2 6	"the fécond f art of
for fo much as it ioyeth to be placed in a warfli and Sunny place, the earth afore diligently laboured and dreflêd.Thefe may the owner or Gardener remove ( after certain leaves fprung up ) at any time of the year, and to be placed in bed?, either alone, or in Borders, rôund about the new beds of other herbs. The feeds both of the Borage and Bugloflc,. require to be gathered in a manner half ripe, to the end they fall notout of their huske. And the whole herb with the feeds of either, ought to be laid in fome high place, opento the warm Sun, that they may ripen the fpcedier, which ful ripe, rub tenderly between the hands the feeds forth on alinnen cloth or fheet, and thefe may you keep for two ÿears.
. The I'hyficke benefits and ftngular helps both of the Borage and Buglojfe, or Longde-betfe.
THe Borage, which otherwife of Galen and DiofcoriJes, is named the Bugloile or Longde-beefe, is (by the agreement ofrhe skilful ) affirmed to be moiffi andhotin the tirff degree, tvhicl\th * felf fame Galen witnefleth, faying, that the Bugloile is of arroift and temperate hotneis,for which caufe fleepcd in vvine,it is thought taprocure a gladfomenefle and joy to the drinker of it.
The Borage boiled in Wine, and the fame drunk, procurerh good blood in the créature. The juyce of this herb mtxedartly with Sugar, and drunk faffing, marvelloufly helpeth the giddiness or fwimming of the head.- The Sifupe made of the juyceof Borage, to which a like weight of Sugar, and a little quantity of thepowderof the bones of theHart; thefe after the workmanly boiling, drunk faffing for a time together, marvelloufly tecover-eth the trembling ana beating of the heart., If the juy ce with the fimple Sirupe of Borage and Sene equally mixed, fhall be drunk morning. 8c eVenfog, 4pth not onely increase memory ,butremov Melancholy). The flowers raw eaten with diftilled Vinegar an Suger, do not onely procure good blood,but flay the trembling of the heart, which like they in Wine, and drunk prevaile. The flowers dried and prefei ved for a year, do like profit in all the above-laid griefes, as the herb doth. The Sirupe of the Borage ufed for a time, prevaileth againff tlie Kings evill.
The flowers ffeeped for a time in the oile of fweet Almonds» and after the wringingforth of this tenderly. applied to theftonuck,The Gardeners 'Labyrinth.	27
and region of the heart, do marvelloufly comfort the the weafce Patient. Sirups both of the Borage and Buglofle, are applied in Phyflcke, for the onely purpofe ot comforting.
To fuch hating weak Lungs and a dry cough^the Buglofle ftccp-ed in Wine and drunk, greatly prevaileth : for the rotighneffe of tthe throte and cough, onely apply or drink ( as Galen inftru&eth) the Buglofle boiled in Mulfe, or wattr and honey. The Buglofle fteeped in Wine, and tempered with Melicrate, procureth after the drinking gladfomeneflè to the creature. Itpurgeth the red cholcr, proceeding of the overmuch heat, being often drunk with (weet wine. This drunk in the like manner,recovereth the Cardiack paf-£on, yea it expelleth the rioifome humour of the Lungs.
The juyee oftke Buglofle, removeth thefwelling of the. feet, before drunk with tvarm water.
The wine for a time drunk, in which the Buglofle (hall be fteeg- , ed, dpth preferve a good memory.
The fame wine of the flowers fteeped and drunk for a time, not onely comforteth greatly the heart, but engendreth good blood iii the creature.
Jbt fingular helps and P by fake benefaj of the dì failed waters^ boib of the Bor tge and Bugio fa.
THe commended timefordiftilUngof the Borage, is for the more part, about the end of themonethof May, when as it beareth flower, which wholly with the rootfhred andbruifed, ought then to bediftillcd in fuch a like furnace and veflel,as here before is placed, named ot the worthy Phyfitians Balneum Marif, for that the fame more naturally diftilleth all manner of deleft-able flowers, and comfortable herbs, then any other drie fornace by afties doth.
The water diftilled in this fornace, drunk unto the quantity of two or three ounces at a time, both morning and evening, doth marvelloufly remove and afiwage both the griping and (welling of the belly ; yea this cureth 1iyfenttria, and thenardnefle of fetching breath.
This water drunk fafting,unto die qnantitj of two ©unces,doth
Q^3	*	' not2 8	Thefecondpart of
not onely comfort the heart and brain, but rindereth a help to memory and wit, yea purgeth the evil! blood, and recovereth frenfi-nefle.
This water eafeth the griefe and pain caufeH by the flin^ and ve-nomlng of a Spider or Bee, by laying linnen clothes wet in is on the place. This with the red $arcent laid on the eyes, doth not only aflwage the pain of them, but procureth a clearneft of light, yea the water applied on the eares and neek, doth remove the ringing and pain of the eares. The water of the Borage flowers drunk, prevailed after a like manner in all thole griefs, as the water of the proper herb doth, yet the water of the flowers accounted the worthier, for that the fame purgeth the blood, expcllcth melancholy, and marvelloully comforteth the heart. This alfe amendetb every manner of diftillation of the head, by drinking two ounces every evening, before the going to bed. This drink profiteth againft burning Fevers, and the Jaundife, and drunk and applied with linnen clothes wet in it, doth (pcedily eoole and amend the heat of the .Liver. The Bugloflc ought rather to be diftilled in the beginning of June, in the like fornace afore placed, named Balneum Atari*. This diftilled water drunk, profiteth all iuch, which aremolefted with the flixe, Vjftntcri* the painful fetching of breath, and decay of mind : befides the penfivc and ttoubled j and tfiofe which are weake of brain, if this be drunk morning and evening with Sugar, unto the quantity of two or three ounces at a time.This drunk prevailed! againft all hot fickneflcs, Agues, defaults of the Lungs, the Liver, and Milt: it purgeth all the blood,and rempveth the pricking about the heart and breft.
The water of the herb drank, amendeth the Jaundife, cleanfcth theLeprie and Scabs, and ftaieth the ftilling ofthe head. This ceaf-eth the pain of the head, and burning of the eyes, applied with lin-.neaclothes on the head or eyes; this in like manner handled, re-moveth the ringing or found of the ears. The Bugloflc flowcrs,and herb, of each two great handful s,to which added of Cinamonfour ounces, a little bruifed before, theft together diftilled in Balnea Mari£i do yeild a moftprecious water for the comforting of the heart and brain, if the fame in the daily daily takin g be drunk with the confe&ton Manta Cbrifa made in tables with pearl«,
CHAP.The Gardeners Laby rinth. ^	2 p
Chap. IX.
rVbat tkjll and fetrett to bt learned in the fot»ingy removing and fetting of the Marigold.
rT»He Marigold named of the Herbarians Calendula, is fo pro-•*“ prxly tearmedj for that in every Calend, and in each moneth this renueth of the own accord, and is found to bear flower, as wel in Winter as Summer, for which caufe, the Italians name the fame the flower of every moneth: but fome term it the Suns flower, or the follower of the Sun, and is of lome named the Husband* mans Dial!, in that the fame fheweth to them, both the Morning. and Evening tide. Other name it the Suns Bride, and Sunsherb^ , .in that the flowers of the fame follow the Sun, as from then«/ flng by the South unto the Weft, and by a notable turning obeying to the Sun, in fuch manner, that what part of heaven he'pofc feflethj they into the fame turned behold,and that in a cloudy and * thick aire like direfted, as if they fhould be revived, quickncd,and moved with the Ipirit of him. Such is thelove of it known to be toward that royall Star, being in the night time, for the deiire of him, as penfive and fad, they be fhut or doled together, but at the noon time of the day fully fpread abroad, as if they with fpread armes longed, or diligently attended, to embrace their Bride-'
groom- This Marigold is a Angular kind of herbfbwa in Gar-ens, as well for the pot, as for the decking of Gardens, beautifying of Nofegaies, and to be worn in thebofome.
The feeds of this flower, are commonly beftowedin a husbandly suad wel drefled earth, bnt this rather , done by the counfel of the skilful iruthe increafe of the Moon, whereby the flowers may grow’ the bigger and broader. But to procure the flowers to grow the doubler, bigger.and broader,the owner ought to remove the planrs often, and to fet them in new beds, lying in Sunny places, herein -confidering at thofe times of removing, that the Moon be increa-ling fo nigh as you can.
Eefides,f°mewil,that many feeds be put together into oncholej in the fif ft-quarter of the Mo on,and to be fundry times watered in: the fir ft comming up of them, uniefle the moifture of theairc other- -wifehelp.	.
RH30	The fécond part of
Thcfe after certain leaves fprunk up, if they be often removed and clipped by due courfe of thé Moon,yeild a better, broader,and a fairer flower, and they yeild alwaics*more flowers in the harveft, then in the fpring time.
. 'The Thyficfy benefits and helps of the Marigold,
fT“'He juyee of the herb and root applied up in Glitter form,reco- • X vereth in flWt time the palfie niembers.The flowers and leaves dried, kept unto ulè, for if a woman delivered of child, the after burden come not, kindle or burn this herband flowers dried with wax, and with the fame make a fmoke below, for this is a fure and laudable experiment, to bring them down ( the child afore delivered ) as the learned B rumfelfius reporteth,. For the Paps of women {welled,through the flopping and flay of the re-ds,minifter the flowers with Spikenard andWine,in that the fame ceafeth or aflwageth, ând'provoketh the monthly courfe.
The flowers of the Marigold boiled and drunk, ftayeth the flux ofpifling blood.
The juyee of the leaves wringed forth and dropped into the cares, killeth the worms.
The rinds of the roots dryed, brought into powder, and applied on the foul putties, do heal them in flrort time.
’ The rind of the Marigold piercéth and digefteth evill humours whi ch boiled in Wine and drunk, helpeth the flopping and other griefs of the Liver.
The flowers of the Marigold fteeped in Vinegar and Salt, and referved, retain their proper vertue for two years.
Thefe comfort the ftomack and procure an appetite to meat,yea they confume the humours of the ftomack, and heat a cold breft.
The faid jnyce of the flowers mixed with a little pure Vinegar warmed,* and nibbed wel on the teeth andgtnnmes,is a foveraigne remedy for the aflwaging of the grievous pain of the teeth.
The juyee of the flowers drunk unto the quantity of two ounces at a time in rtie fit of the plague, {hall fpeedily be holpen if the tient ( after the drinking of the juyee ) lying on bed, be wel covered with clothes to fweat thorowly. The confcrve of the flowers is a preparative againft the plague : if feven graines weight of the jtiyceof the flowers be drunk with three ounces of white Wine,Thefteond fart of	31
and repeated fundric morning», it Kclpeth the qaartane.
The powder of the rinds of the roots of the Marigold, mixed with the juyee of Fennel,Wine,and a little Oile, and boiled unto a thick nefle, to which a little wax added for the apter making of it anointraent,Sc fo applied on the Milt or cold ftomack,doth greatly profit.
7be commended helps of the difilled water.
/”PHe worthy 'Hieronymus a moft- expert Herbarian reparteth, that the diftilled water of the Marigold flowers, drawn in Balneo Mari*, do recover all defaults of the eyes, whether theft proceed of heat, or through cold caufed, and to procure clear eies, befidcs the putting away of all griefs of the head.
Chap. X.
iVbat skill, tndufrie, and fecrets it to be learned in the footing and ordering of the Parcel'y.
r'j ’He Parcely in the bellowing in the earth, requireth fmall la-bour and diligence, andloveth a ftony and Tandy Earth, fo that the fame needeth final fatning, whereby it may wel agree to be Town in (hadowie places, near to the hedge or harbour in the Garden, and this efpecially requireth much watering,fbr the fpee-dier (hooting up. The old feeds, if we may credit Theopbraftus, do (boner come up, yea and the elder fteds are better for the turn: the plants (hot up, do endure a long time without {owing any more, in fuch condition,that the owner or Gardener (hal not need to fow or fet of the plants again for five years after. The Parcely: when it hath grown ayeae, it ftndeth up or bearcth ftalks and feeds, and a yellowift flower. The new fteds of the Parcely committed to the earth, do moft flowly come up in beds, in that thefe not before the fortieth, yea fiftith and fixtith day after the fowing, do not for the more part appear, as the learned Pliny reporteth; yet this eaft and commodity enfueth,that once fown and come up ( as above uttered ) it yearly increaleth of the own accord, without renuing for many yearcs. The feeds, as the worthy Neapoii 35
R.	' tanc3 2	The fec&ndpart of
tane Rutilitu witneifeth, joy In any earth, and as wel ift the cold a* Warme places,faving the feeds in the firft comming up require much moifturc, through which watering they come To fpecdily ftrong, that afcer no aire nor ground hindereth them. Both the feeds and plants ( a8 Columella inl'tru&ech ) may prdfperoufly be beftowed to increafe the fpeedier, near to fprings and littlc running waters. If the owner or Gardener would have the leaves grow very broad, then let him attend to the word* of the worthy Greek Flortntitu, % who willeth to take up of Parcely feeds at one time, as much as can handfomely be holden between three of the fingers, and thefc after the tying up in a thin or wel worn linnen cloth, tobefetin- j to a fhallow hole with dung handfomely mixed in the earth,which on fuch wife handled» wil after come up and grow with fo large a leaf, for the increafe of all the feeds wil then be joyned, and (hot \ up together in one blade, as the worthy Rutiiius hath noted, and befoie him the lingular Columella. But the Parcely fhall grow big-gelt, ( as the worthy Florentine reporteth ) if the owner by digging about the joots, beflow ebaffe about them, and after the covering j with light earth, do water them wel and often. The Parcely may the Gardener caufe to grow crifped in leaf, if he thrufi and beflow ; the feeds a little before the Cowing in a ball Huffed with them, 1 which broken fomewhat with a ftaffe, and as they were fpoiJcdj \ «commit them ( as Columella willcth ) to the earth.
Or the Gardener other wife with lefier pain may procure them to ' grow crifped in what manner foever they be Town, if he turn on j the bed and plants a round Hone,or big roller,as foon as the plants j be fomewhat grown up above the earth: and the like may the ow-ner do with thcplant6 come up, if he tread them often down.
cThe befi commended time for committing of feeds to the earth, l is from the midft of May, unto the Summer folftice in June, in beds thick together, and to be often watered, for that thefe fpeedier ^ increafe and come forward, through the heat in the fame feafon. * If the owner or Gardener would have the feed* fooner break and j (hoot up, let hem infufe the feeds for a certain time in Vinegar, , j which beftowing in a wel laboured earth, fill half the beds with \ afhes of the Bean cods. After the feeds are thus (own, water them often and lightly with a final quantity of the belt Aquavit*, and foon after thefprinckling and moiftning of the beds, cover she j beds over with Come piece of woollen cloth, to the end the proper \
heatTie Gardeners Labyrinth.	33
heat miniftred breath not away,fbr by that meanes the plants whh-in one hour« wil begin to appear, fo that the owner mud then Cake off the cloth, audlprinkle or moiften the plants appeared oftentimes, whereby they may the fooner (hoot up in a high ftcm error blade, to the wonder of the beholders. To Florentine, doJumutt Columella) Pliny, and Rutilius agree, that there are two kinds of tb$ Parcely, as the Male and Female, the Male ( as they deferibe it) hath blacker leaves, and (barter root: but the Female poffedeth evifpeder leaves, and hard, a big ftem, in tad fovver and hoc ; but neither of thefe two doth Vi nyfitu and Cbrifippnt the Pfayfiti-an, allow to be eaten with meat, as Pliny writeth: Although the fame much ufed In PUnits time, as at this day, both in broths and fauces, for a better delight and appetite# They report that by the often eaten of the Female blades,worms engender in the body, and that the Female eaten,doth procure che woman barren,as the Male the man. And further, the Parcely eaten of a woman wkh child, doth caufethe births to have the falling ficknefs; yet they affirme che Male co harm lefs, fo that for the fame it was not altogether mifliked nor condemned of the ancient, among the wicked fruits. Therefore it is not to be marvelled at, if the late Phyficians do ad-vife and warnperfons, having the falling ficknefi,and women with child, not to eat the Parcely: co thefe, the Greeks forbad Nurfes, and women with child the eating of Parcely with meat, although an other occafion may alfoenfueof the fame, that it may hinder womens mi!k-fprings, and extinguifh thecommingof iBilk»bflf-fides that, this procurcth the eaters of it unto the the venereal aft.1
Certain report, that the lick fifhes in Ponds, are mightily reco-vered and made lufty through the Parcely in them#
There is nothing that doth like fweeten the mouth, as the frefli and green Parcely eaten,(b that the herb often eaten of then» which have an unfavory and (linking breath, and fendeeb forth an odious fmel to be abhorred, doth in (bore time marvelloufly recover and amend the fame: A matter very commendable and neceflary, both for maidens and widows to deceive their wooers,by the chewing and bearing about of the green and frefh blades, whereby they may fo remove for che prefent, the ftrong fmel of the breath, yawning or otherwide iffuing forth, and by the cuftomable eating, fend forth a Tweeter breath.
Sundry in times paft,preferred the blades of Parcely into * pickle R 2	‘ onto34	The Gardeners Labyrinth.
onto us, which received or contained two pares of Vinegar, and a third pars of Brine. :
7he Phjficke benefits and helps of the Tarctlj.
THe Garden Parcely is hot in the boginningof the third degree, and dry iu the fecond, or it heitethand dryeth by nature in thi fecond., and third degree. The juyee of Parcely, Turpentine, -Wheatcn meal, and the Oyle of Rofes artly mixed and boiled to* gether with a little quantity of Sareoeolls, of which by art, an ab-fteriivc or cleanfer made,doth moft perfe&ly cleanfe and incarnate the Ulcers of Carbuncle#,.and other impoftumes.The Parcely boi. led with leaves of Colewortand Melilot, of which a plafter made with Otemeal, Oile of Camomile, Dili,and Oile of Rofcs, and applied, doth marvelloufly refolve the irapoftumes of the paps, Cau^ tod through the ranckling of milkftaicd back, part by drying up the milk, and part by purging the fame.
. The Parcely eaten either raw or foddenj doth amend the ftopr ping of the Liver, provoke.Urine,ftaieth loofenefleof the belly,and hath a property in ftrengthning of loofe pars#.
, The Parcely alfo hath the nature of piercing, for which caufe is moveth Urine, and very much prevaileth againft the done, as wd the feed as root.	1	- ,
The Greek Florentine wsitech in his husbandry, that the Parcely with crams of bread; applyed in the dead of plafter, doth heal the ftiingles; but the deco&ion of the fame drunk, to break the ftone, and the like to perform by applying outwardly.
To thefe, for fuch hardly making water,and difeafed in the kid-nies, do help gs wel by the leaf as by the root# v The black fpots tp.reftore to the proper colour, ff the deco&ion of the feeds bfrapplied upon, and to foften the hardnefs©f the paps, by applying the leaves bruiffd on them.
Flirty writerh, that the bruifed feeds anointed with the white of an Egge, or the feed boiled in water and drunk, do amend and helpeth the Kidneys, and bruifed in cold water, do profit and remove the Ulcers of the mouth, this alfo with old Wine miniftred, to break the (lone in the bladder, which like doth the root perforate.
This profited! given for thejaundife in white Wine, and to
fuchTtb* fécond part of	35
fuch women whofe monthly courfea do not onely proceed, or be fi«yed*v H ; MINN
if This is worthy to be noted, that the raw Parcely yeeldeth Tweeter waters in the drinking, as the worthy Pliny hath noted, and to the mouth (as Galen writeth ) the fame pleafanc and vary delett-. ablerotheftomack. M
The feeds taken in meat,doth expell wine in th§ body,the Tame bruifed and applied on a foul fcah*doth very wel cleanfe,and pro-cureth a fair skin,
The feeds eaten, doth remove the fwellingof theftomack, and profiteth the dropfie men, in that the feeds are drie and pierce evill humours, and confume them.
The Parcely proficeth thofe perfons which have gotten the Le-prie of Flegmatick humours. Tt cleanfeth the Liver, and removeth the paines of the Loines and Bladder.
A fauce prepared of the Parcely, with Sorrel and Vinegar mixed together and eaten, prevaileth againft the burning of a Fever.
If after the drying of. the Parcely roots, and beaten finely to powder, the fame be mixed and drunk with the purcft wine, do:b nqc; onely procure a found hrain,and perfe& memory, but purg<jth the blood-.
The feeds ( after the agreement of the beft writers') are principal-in^he caofesof phyfick, the.çopcsnext to them, and the leaves as* third in working.
Thé roots, herb, and feeds of the Parcely,. applied in melt and. drink, do procure Urine* remove the ftone of the Loines, draw down the reds, diflolve wine in the body, take away the griping of the belly, affwage the ftrangury, pain of the back, grief of the Kidneys and bladder, and fwelling of the itoraack.
The perfon bitten of a mad Dog, by boiling anddr|nking the deco&ion of Parcely, and applying a plafter made of the feeds and herb (hall be fpecdily holpcn.
.. TbtPhyficJit btlpt of the diftilkd vtaHt of Parcel)*
T He commended time cd the diftillingof Parcely, is in the beginning of .September, and that the frefhrootsand herb, with the whole fubftancc 6e diftilled together in Balnea Mari**
The water of the Parcely drunk unto the quantity of three or R. 3	four$6	Thefecond pari of
four ounces at a time, morning and evening* for thirty or forty dayes together, profketh a gain ft the done of the Kidneys and loincs purgeth the Kidneys and Biidder, and greatly move th forward, the Urine.
The water drank in the fame manner, helpeth digeftior?, pro-* cureth an appetite to meat, purgeth the liver, eafeth the ftrangury, and wherefoever this water is anointed on the head andbody, hairs do foon after Ihed.	^	'
Chap. XI.
What i{W md, diligence is required, in the (owing and ordering both of the Garden and wild running Tjtne.
HpHe Garden time, although it feem better to agree, to be placed nigh to Bee-hives (for the commodity of honey) then in Gardens, ytt our purpofe is here fomewhat to write of the fame,in that this is fo carefully beftowed in Gardens, as well for the cmnmo-ditie of meats, as for the decking of Garlands. There are found to be two kinds of it,the one white with a woody or hard root, grow-ingon little tails« which is accounted the worthieft.
The other as well in kind as flower black, which Mtius(in meats) difalloweth, for the fame inwardly received, lightly putri-fieth, and increafeth cholerick humours.
The Tynae of the Garden growing bufhie and full of flips, is feen to (hoot up two handfuls high, being moft fweec and deleftableof favour, and decked with a number of fraal leave^bearing alfo purple flowers, tending to a whitenefs, and the tops after the form of Ants bending in body.The gardenTyme better commeth forward, being beftowed in a lean and ftony ground: for which caufe it neither defired a fat nor dunged earth, but joyeth to be placed in a funny and open place. This wel enough profpereth,being beftowed in beds, either in feed or plant, but this fpeedier commeth forward being onely fet,yea this increafeth,being fet again with the flowers bearing,as the Angular Theephrajiur witnefleth.The owners of hives have a perfeft forefight and knowledge, what the mereafe or yeild of honey will be every year, by the plentiful or fmal number of flowers growing and appearing on the time about the fumrncr fol-
ftice:The Gardeners Labyrinth.	37
fliefe : for this incrcafeth and yeildeth inoft friendly flower* for the Beef, which render tf colour and favour to the honey.
The faid 7bcopbr'»J}uj wricech, that the flower of Tyme fpread abroad, if deftroyod and dieth, if a bigge Ihower of rain happen to •fall.J	• ;	: ■
The worthy Neapolitaoe Rutiliut in his Husbandry inftru&eth, that the whole plant is to be rather fet then fotivn,about the middle of April in a wel laboured earth, lying open to the Sun, and that the fame may prolper and come the Ipeedier forward.
He willeth t he owner to water the plants of Tyme, or to moiften them all a day with Water finely fprincked on the beds., in that the T y me fo faft drinketh in. If the owner or Gardener would poflefle the feeds, he mull diligently gat her the flowers, (in which the feeds are contained ) and not labour to feparate the one from the other.
The running Tyme joyeth to be fet or (own near to fpringsof watei^ as by a Wei or Pcnd,for on fuch wife bellowed in the earth, the fame yeildeth the fairer leave s : this neither requireth a fat ndr dunged earth, but onely to be bellowed in a funny place, and joy- ~ eth in the often removing. The running Tyme doth many times proceed or come of the Bafill,rudely or without care bellowed in. the earth.
Tbe Thyfichf bglpj of the G »rim and running Tyme
THe Garden Tyme heateth and dryethinthe third degree.
TheTymcafterthewel drying, brought to fine powder, and given unto the quantity of four drams at a time,with a draught ofOxitnel ( or Vinegar and honey boiled together ) not onely rt-moveth the joy-n* ficknefie and ach of parts, but purgeth the che-ler, and all other humours. The like quantity given,, helpeth the pallions of the bladder.
The fine powder of of Tyme, mmiftred unto the quantity of one dram at a time, with a fpoonful of water and honey well mixed together, prevaileth iu ftiprc time again!! the fwejling of the belly.
The powder taken unto the qaantity of three drams at a time/ with a draught of Adellicrate, removeth the grief of the hips, aflwa* geth the pain of the loines and lides, amendeth the brell, and the inflammations of Hypochondria or the flanks.
The powder given unto the quantity of three-drams at a time*
With3 8	’ibtGtrdnurf habyrinth»
with a draught of Oximtl fading, doth marvclloufly help the Me* lancholicke, the troubled in mind^ and fearful*.
The powder miniftred unto the quantity of three drami at a tine, with the bed white wine both morning and evening*, doth marvclloufly cure the blearednefa of the eyes, and the vehement pain of them.
This powder in like quantity ufed with good wine,ailwageth the griefe of the cold Gout and the deadnefs of moving, and hclpetb the ftifneffe of Limmes, drank morning and evening.
The powder drunk morning and evening, unto the quantity of three drams at a time, with a draught of Oximel, doth in fhort timeaflfwage the (welling of the Tetticles. Thefe hitherto A3i»s.
The power drunk with white wine, morning and evening, unto the quantity of half an ounce at a time, not onely moveth Urine, and purgeth the bowels, but fendeth down the after burden, and ter met in women.
* The form of a Sirupemade .of the time with pureHoney,art-ly boiled, and drunk fading, doth in fhort time amend the hard fetching of breath, and removeth all other griefs of the bred, through the fpiccing forth of the corrupt matter.
The powder is thought to helpe greatly the clearnefs of fight being fundry times taken with meat: but the Tyme ought moderately to be ufed, yt that (through ihe often eating) it mightily heat-eth.
The Tyme given in fuch having the falling ficknefs, greatly a-.vaileth, in that through the duelling to it (in the time of the fit) they are much revived, but fuch ought to deep for a while on the foft bed of Tyme.
The leaves finely beaten and ftrewed on wool!, and with Oile applied onloofe parts of the body, mightily prevaileth, and on burnt or fealded places, to great purpofc anointed with Barrows greafe.
Here concive, that the Tyme which is black ( as afore uttered ) is altogether to be refilled, and onely to ufe the fame bearing a purple Bower, and tending to a whitenefi, is bed commended for all purpofes.
The running Tyme fown in 6ardens,is by nature hot and dry, and this fo much hcateth, that it both moveth Urine and the reds, yet the fame is fower in tad, as the worthy Phyfitian Galen vntncC-fitth.	.	IfThe Gardeners Labyrinth.	39
If any drink of the fine powder of the running Tyme with plea-fant wine, morning and evening for a certain time together, doth break the ftone of the Kidneys and Bladder. The herb laid on the ftit g of a Bee fpeedily helpeth it.
'I he her b boiled in pleafant wine and drunk, healeththebiteof an Adder or Snake : the fmoke of the fame,drivech away venenaous wormes. This herh boiled with Vinegar and Honey, and drunk unto the quantity of a draught at a time, profiteth thefpittingof blood : the juyceof the herb drunk, performeth the fame, being mixed with Vinegar, and drunk unto the quantity of four ounces at a time.
The herb ftaiei h the Rheume and Hillings of the head,comming of a cold caufe, it likewife amendeth the cough and cold ftorrack, if the fame be taken morningand evening with good whith wine.
The herb fteeped in Rofe Vinegar, and bruifed being with the Oile of Rofes diligently fried and anointed, doth fpeedily remove the head-ache. The fame Ointment applied on the head^mendeth FrenfinefTe and the Letharge or often (lumbering.
Tqe herb boiled in wine and drunk, openeth the ftoppings of the Liver and Milt, and moveth Urine this drunk in wine, fen-deth dowti the term?, and caufeth Urine, and recOvereth the bite of venemouB beafts. The fame boiled in wine and oyle, aflwageth the fwelling in the throte,ifthe throte be daily applyed with it.
The herb boiled in wine, with the juyee of Licoras, recovereth the cough, and purgeth the breft; the juyee of the fame drunk with Vinegar, unto the quantity of two drams at a time, ftaieth the bloodyvomirings.	•«:	y-
The heib boiled with Annis-feeds in wine, not onely heateth theflomack, but removeth wine in the bowels, • eafeth the ftran-gury. The feed in wiue, doth greatly move Urine, and expellech mightily tlfe ftone.
The worthy helps of the dijiilled wafer of the running Tyme, * .
THe herb, (talk,and root, with the whole fubfiancefhred,ought to bediltiJod in Bafoeo ASarU3 about the end of the moneth ©f June.
The40	'The fecond part of
The water of the running Tyrrc drunk morning and evening, onto the quantity of three ounces at a time* doth not onely llreng-then and amend the head j brain, and l'romack, but prccureth an appc iie tomcat, removcth the node or rumbling of the belly, foitneth the ha dnelle of the ltomack, and moveth forward the Urine,
Jn the like manner it drunk, not onely comforteth the fight,and confumeth hutnom s, and the dillillations of the he. d, but mixed with the water of worm-wood and drunk, helpcth a Quotidian Ague. The fame drunk to ihc quantity of three ounces at a <ime, amendeth a cool/d‘liver and milt, and recovereth or healeth. he bowels exulcerated.
This in like order drunk, openeth the flopping of the Noflrils and Eares, refloreth hearing,htlpt th giddinefs, flaieth the defire to vomite, and expelled) the griping of the belly and bowels.
This drunk fundry times, both morning and evening breaketh the Hone, and moveth U:ine. This water applied with alinnen cloth on braked members, doth in. Ihort time cure them«.
Chap. XII.
What /kilt and diligence is required m the [owing and orderingjheth >
■ the Mints and Holibokg
THe Garden Mint defireth to be bellowed, neither in a dunged nor fat earth, but rather in an open and Sunny place t yet this beft joyeth in a moift place, or byfomc well. And where the like is not, the Mint in that ground ought to be often watered in the firft bellowing in the earth, or this otherwife in fhorc time wi~ there th and dyeth.
The Mint ought to be iec in the root or whole Hem, in Harvefl^ or in the Spring time. The owner or Gardener lacking,or not ha-ing the Mint feeds to fow,may in Head of them, ufe or, bellow in his ground, the feeds of the field or wild Mints,in fetting the lhar* per ends of the feeds down-ward,. thereby to tame and put away the wildnefle of them. This plant well grown up, needeth not after to be renued orfown every year, in that once fowa or planted, it after commeth up yearly of the one accord, and for theThe Gardeners Labyrinth.	41
dele&able favour which it enjoycth,much defircd and ufed both in broths and Sallets.
Put this plant after comming up, may in nro cafe be touched wish any iron inftrumcntj in that the fame foonafter dycth.-Thie plant fiourifhing in the Summer, bccommeth ycllowifh in the winter time.
This Holihocke or greater Mallows of the Garden, as Ruelliut out of the learned Tbeoplxdjlus affi.mtth, doth often (hoot up into the form of a tree, and waxeth fo great, that rhe ftems or body of it may ferve to the ufeof a flaffc,which fendeih forth big iiaiks and leaves both large and round.
The flower of this plant for the proper time fiourifhing» is named the winter Role,in thar this plant ycildeth flowers like to the Role, from the beginning of Harveft unto the winter time, which flower« 'both of the red and white,lefler then the fading or vanifhing Rohr, longer endure and enjoy force.
This Rofe of the ancient Greek* was named Molokt% in that the leaves C Columella reperteth ) turn about with the Sun, which at Noon time of the day are fully opened. The ancient Romans did alfo name it the fowoor garden Mallows.Thc common people In tine paft greatly pleafed with the beauty of the fan*, named it the beyond fea Rofe. For in comlincfs,neither of them giveth place to the Rofe, which if the fame joyjied a favour, it were not inferiour to the Rofe, feeing in colour they beequall in bearing of the red carnation and white, fo that in favour the Rofe oncly excellcth*
This for the worthy comelinefle and beauty, to be fee in win* dows, is at this day diligently Town and fee in Gardens.
The worthy Rutilim (in his treatife of the Garden) inilru&eth, that the feeds to be committed to the earth, ought rather to be be-flowed about the middle of April!, .in • well dunged and fat ground/ and to be often watered, until the plants be well fprung
tp.
The skilfull Columella in his Husbandry uttereth, that this rather joyeth to be bellowed in a fat earth, wel turned in with dung, and that moift dung laid about the roots of the young Plants,in tht fecting again, which the fa;d Author willeth to remove, after foui leaves are wel fhot up above the earth. v
This learned Columella writing of the Holy hoke, reporteth that the flower ( as the Marigold ) openeth ac the riiing of the Sunne, Sa	full4$	The fecond fart of
full fpread at the Noon time, aud clofeth again at the going down of the Sun.
7be Phyficke benefits and helps both of the Minty and Garden Mul-' >■{ iorves or Holjbokg.
THeX3arden Mint is reported to be hot and dry in che fecond degree, and this in medicine ofcnsr ufei dry then green.
; The worthy Florentius a lingular profeflor of the Qrieck in-ftru&ron of H ijbaniryj’wiicethjthatthe Mint, for the Tams might well be accounted an unprofitable herb, feeing th.$ herb applied on a wound, defendech the fame from waxing whole, and to come to a tear.
I ttha Mint be put into milke, it neither fuffercth the fame to cyrd, nor to become thick, inforauch chat laid into curded nulke, this would bring the fame thin again, lo that by the lame vertueT and property, he faith to refill and abate the generation, as well in man as woman : but others in a contrary mind defending the herb,;accounted it very wholeforneand beneficial to man.
* If the herb boiled inwine and oyle, be appiyed on the Paps of the- new milch vfcoman, it doth not after fuffer che rnilke to curd,or t^betht^k jand the milk curded, to become thin again, whereby it-amendeth the hard and ranckled brefts, in danger tobreak through the milk curded. For which caufe this herb is wittily added thrhe potions of milk, that in the curding of the milke within theftoflhackj no peril of ftrangling through the benefit of this herb • might enfue.^ i •.
r *Thie juyee or water of the herb,drunk with the juyee of the Pom -graiiat, ftayeth the refting or belching of the ftomack, and vomiting, as the worthy Democritus in bis husbandry hath noted.
&Ttis Mint bronghtto fine powder,and miniftred with milk,pro-te*h againit long wormes in the body.
- If the fwollen privities be often fuppled with the deco&ion of the fame, it doth in fhort time remove the fwelling of them*
This drunk in water with Amilwn9 affwageththe force of the painfull flux of the belly, and fcouring with blood: befide$,it ftai-eth the over great courfe a#nd fhew of the reds in women,' and the famehealeth Ulcers on the infants heads*
, The favour of this quickeneth the fpirics and minde, and -	theThe Gardener Labyrinth.	4 3
the taft worketh an appetite, and earneft defire to meat.
The juyce of the frefh herb drawn up, amendeth the default in the Noftrils, which a!fo in the pain in the head, and beating of the temples, is profitably anointed* ,,
The juyce of the hcar6 applyed. with Vinegar,retaineth and ftai-- cth the inward eourfes of the fluxes o; blood , ,!,
The Mint after the bruifing with the oyle of Rofes, applied in plafter form on hard papsAwhich be fwollen through the miIk,doth hot onely fof ten, but defendeth them from mattering.
The herb eaten with Vinegar*joofeth the beljy, but daily eaten * for a time together, doth marypjfoufly procure a feemly colour to that creature, and this herb u any time ufed, is very profitable and wholefome.	'	:	.
,:,/Çhe juyce drunk withyinegçu-,. profiteth the (pitting forth of bipod,thé £âme anointed on the forhead, doth afTwage the griefs of the Head : the juyce with honey apd water applied, removeth pain and woi(e.of ringing of the capes* .The juyce tempered with honey and anointed on the eyes, removeth the moiftnefs and dirn-nefiTof fight.
The Mint after the boiling in wine received,amendeth a (linking or ftrong favour of the mouth jthe mouth after the adding of Vine-gir toit waffled diligently, not onely helpeth the teeth, butpur-geth the mattered gums : If the teeth in like manner be wafhed ‘aft-ing with deco&iori of Mints, it Ietteth the mattering of the gums. Thedeco&ion in wine, with a little Vinegar added, removeth ( through the fundry time taking ) the bliftering of the tongue proceeding of heat. The herb alfo tempered with Vinegar, and a-nointednear’and about the eyes, doth in ftioit time remove the fpots in them.
The Mint in cold fickneflès,yeildeth a mighty comforting,réjôy-ccth the mind, and ftayeth the will to vomit. The juyce after the mixing with Vinegar and Brimftorie, anointed with a feather on the Shingles, doth with expedition eafe the pain.
The herb boiled in Wine, alfwageth the pain of the bowels and kidneys,and boiled InWine with Oile,being aplyed in plafter form, doth both diftblve and cure impoftumes.
Si
m44
The	ftetrtdpartof
Ibe Pbjfiel^e benefit/ ef the Hetybokfr Jo here tnfite,
THc Mallowsof the Garden or Holyhoke, if the llkomoiftby nature, as the other kinds of Mallows, and ferveth as trcl to outward a» inward griefs.
The h^rb, root, or feeds boiled either in milk or wine» and or* dei ly d unk, do remove a hot cough, recover the Lungs bliftcrcd« and is a lingular remedy againft the confumptionsof Lungs.
The Holyhoke boiled either in water or wine,and tempered with . honey and Aluni,if the fame deco&ion be gargelled and holden for' a time in the mouth, doth fpeedily cure the bliftersand putrified fores of the mouth and throte.
The leaves of the Holyhoke, after the boiling with meat, eaten with Sallet-oyle and a little Salt, loofeth the belly and amendetk the hoarfenefs of voice: the root and herb boiled unto the confum-ption in a manner of the water, will leave a clamminefi above, which applied on any impoftumc, ripeneth and foftneth the h^rd-nefs of the fame,
‘Ibe commended helps of thidifillled water of the Hotybtkf
THe diftilled water of the Holyhoke Rofes ( in Baleeo Maris) gargelled or applycd without with linnen clothes, is greatly commended for the breakings out of the month, and profiteth as well againft the outward as inward heats : betides, curcth the Singles and Ulcers of the throat, and all other fwellings.
The laid water often drunk, is a precious water unco all inward heats of Feveis,in that the famecooleth and foftneth impoftumes of the Lungs and tides. It healeth and mitigateth the perilous flixe Dyfeuterias the hot fwellings of womens places, the Kidneys and Bladder.
This atfWageth thé paid of the bladder, cxpelleth the ftone>pur-geth the kidneys and Madder, being drunk for a time morning and evening.
The water applyed on the temples In a hot Fever, procoreth deep if the feet of the patient in a hot Fever be bathed with it, procured reft, and ceafeth t fair ft
IbeThe Gardeners Labyrinth.	4 5
7be commended benefit 1 of tbe'dijlilkd water of Mints.
THe herb with the ftalks finely (hred, ought diligently be di(tilled in Baln:o Maria about the middle of May.
The water drunk morning and evening, unto the quantity of three ounces at a time, ftrengthneth the Aomack, and digeflerb the meat received. The water drunk in the fame manner, profitsih *-gainft the flopping of the Liver and Milt. It openeth alfo the waics of Urine, as the kidneys and bladder.
The water in like manner drunk, procureth an appetite to meat, flayeth belching and vomiting, the like doth this applied without on the flomack. The rnou h often wafhed with the fa me,recovers ch a flinking breath, and putred gums.
The water drunk, flayeth founding and giddinefs of the head. If any taking a (lice of Barley bread, and fteeping it in this water, tempered with Wine or Vinegar, (hall apply the fame warm to the Noflrils, the favour incontinent yeildeth a marvellous refrefliing ' and ftrengthning of the feeble perfon.
The water in like quantity drunk, purgeth the M «trice* and a linnen doth wet in it warm, and applied to the privy pi ice, like prevaileth. The water applied on hard Paps, diflblveth the Miike curded in them, the fame for a time drunk, healeth the ruptures within, both old and young perfons. The water after the mixing with Rue and Coliander, gargelled in the mouth, reftoreth the Vuuia fallen. If of the herb fleeped in Lie, be wafhed on the fcabs of Children, it helpcth them fpeedily.
Tn's drunk, profucth againfl woFmes, drunk with Wine com-forteth and healeth «cole ftomack.
Chat. XIII*
ffbat core and skill is required in the jowing and worhfnanly ordering of the Artecbokg.-
THe Herbarians write the Artechoke to be a kind ofThiflle, of them named, the Thiftle of the Garden.
The Artechoke which before grew wild in the fields came by di-
Hgeneb4 6	The fécond farf of
ligence ( for the benefit of fale) to be carefully bellowed in the Garden, where through trayélly brought from his wildnefle, to ferve unto the ufe ofthe mouth and belly. The Artechoke growing wich thick fealyeares, art forme to the pine apple, and fuffici-ently known to moft pôrfons, joyeth in a lôole and dunged earth, yet the fame better commeth forward, being beftowed in a fat ground, and by that meanes defended from Mol;*, as the worthy Rutilim repoj teth, but fown in a fat earth after their growth, be not fo lightly digged up of an Enemy .The fàid Rutiliw willetlvthe feeds of the Artech®ke,to be committed to the Earth in the moneth of March, the Moon then encreafing of light, and that in beds well dunged, and workmanly prepared, which beftowin the earth half a footafunder, yet thefe not deep put, and in fuch manner deale with the feeds, that taking fo many up, as you may hand-fomely with three fingers thrufl or let thofc unto the middle joynts in the earth, covering t em lightly wich loofe Earth, which if hot weather happen to enfue, the Gardener with diligence muft water the plants for a time, for the plants ©u fuch wife handled, will yeild a enderer fruit and fuller head, as the worthy Earra reporc-eth,yet may not the owner hope or look for f. nits or heads,to come to theiiftull growth and perfe&neflTe for the eating in the firft year. I f the Gardtner'would bellow feeds to profit, he ought to make little furrows cn the bed, well a foot diftant one fromtheother, being in breadth and deepnefs of halle« foot, which after fill with old dung finely broken,and black earth in like manner fmall, in which fo handled, beitow the feeds to the depth of the middle yoynts, and after cover them lightly with fine Earth, notprelfing or treading it down. And.as foon as the plants have ytilded forth leaves fufficient great, the owner ought to^ water them often, and to con!inue the like watering in a ground very dry, untill the herbs y« ’ i or fend forth heads both tender and fufficieric big, when the plants fha.ll be well grown up^the Gardener muft cleanfe and purge daily the beds of weeds, and dung all aboutthe roots of the plants ( if he will credit Ccltmdla ) ftore of afhesy for this kind of dung the faid Author reporteth;,to beraoft apt and agreeable‘to that pot-herb, of which by the kind of the dung, this herb taketh the Latin name.
The owner or Gardener muft have a fpeciall care,that he beftow not the feeds in the earth with the contrary ends downward, for
thefeg The fecondpart of
thefe wil bring forth Artcchokes crooked, weak and very final/, if We may credit the Neapolitane Untilim. if the.owner would have the herb ycild heads or Artechokes without prickles,he muft(after the inftrudions of the Greek writers of Husbandry) either break xthe fliai p ends of the feeds, or make blunt the prickes ( before the bellowing in the earth)on fome ftonc rubbedtwhich alfo many af-firme to come to pafle, if the Gardener paring off the rind of the Lettice root, and fhreadingor cutting the fame into many fmall pieces, doth after the bellowing of the feeds into each piece, diligently fet thefe a foot diftance a funder, will after yeild heads the like.	.	j
The Gardener fhall poffeffe Arte chokes of plcafant favour, if he lay the feeds to deep for three daies before thefowing, in the juyee of the Rofe, or Lilly, or oyle of Bayes, made with thefweet Almonds, or in any othe» pleafant juyee or liquor, which after the drying in the aiie from the Sun beames,hecommitteth them to the earth, for on fuch wife handled, the fruits yield the fame favour a! the liquor in which the feeds were foked and received. For by a like example, the heads fhall favour of the Bay, if the owner fteep them with the leaves of the Baytree, or he otherwile making holes beftow the feed9within theBayberies,before the committing to the earth: and a like pradife may he exercife in all feeds that be great.
The fruits of the herb na med the Artechoke, wil become fweee . and deledable in the eating, if the owner (before the committing of the feeds to the earth ) do fteep them two or.three daies, either innewmilke, hony, ft gred water, or wine aromatized, and after the drying inthe aire, doth then beftow them m beds afoot diftancc one from the other: the Artechokes be fet in harveft, which is about the moneth of Odober, that tfiefe may yield plenty of fruits oi heads, ought to be thofe . bearing big leaves and ftalks, which big Items grown or (hot up in the middeft: wBfc.4 big'ieaves after ferve to none Other purpofe,but to be broken from the bodies, and the plants to be bellowed again in beds, which ft ems in like manner cut oft and caft away, as ferving to no ufe,wel turned in with dung: thefe fet in fuch manner, that the tenderer leaves grow upright, and the ftemrred in the middle being low broken eff, to be diligently covered mkh light earth. And herein tiicGardenennufthaveacareto the watering of them, at times needfull, if thefeafons lufficiently moiften not, either in winter, or
T	in4$ The Gardeners Labyrinth.
in any other time of the year, to fei forward or procure fpeed ily the Artechokcs to come : and fee again the tender plants in well dunged bedsjeoveung them wel about with Aftie« and black earth, the better to bear« and (offer the cold winter time, which in the year following will yield new fruits*
Many skilful Authors write, that if the leaves of the Artccboke be wel covered in the ground, about the beginning of winter,they wil after become not onely white, but plcafanter in the eating, whereby to ferve among the winter tn :acs.
Here I think it profitable to the owner to know, that the big leaves or branches ought yearly to be broken off, from the old ftems or bodies, led the elder in their yeeld might be hindried, and the younger plants in farther didances fee, that thefe may profper and fend forth their fruits the better, for fuch is the fruitful and plentiful yield of this pl^nt,that the brances or great leaves broken off from the tender dems, and (et again in the earth, will after cleave and joyne together, ascertain report, and oftentimes to yield in the fame year, both the de m and outward roughnes with pricks on it. The skilful writers of the Greek husbandry wil, that the owner or Gardener in the opening and digging away of the ear,th| to cut them up with a Sharp hook, leaving fome part of the rotit in the earth, which fo pulled up, and anointing the root with fofc dung, fet again in a wel laboured ground, turned in with old dung wel three foot ifunder, and often water them when thedrie feafon cpmmeth, until the plants (hall be fufficiencly drengthened in the earth.
' Thofe which the Gardener mindeth to let run or grow unto feed, fuch dial be feparate from the young plants, as Palladios wil-Xeth, and cover the heads either with a thinPot-fliard, or Bark of a tree,in that the feeds are commonly wont to be corrupted through the Sun or (howers of rain, and by that meanes thefe to pei i(h and cometonoufe, which if the feeds be either burnt with the Sun, or putrified with the moitture of fhowers, will after yield to the Gardener no commodity in the bedowingin the earth.
The owner or Gardener may not gather the fruits of the Arte-chokes all at one time, forafmuch as the heads ripen not together, but one^after the other,(o that the owner oupht then to gather the fruits, when as thefe onely have flowers b^low in form of a Garland, not before that time, wherefore if the Gardener do day until4P - ‘Thefetond part of
til all the Bower« be filed, the fruits wil be the worfer,and lefTcr de-le&able in the eating.
'The Gardener mufl carefully look unto, that the Mice haunt not to the Toots of the Artechokt«, for once allured through the plcalant taft of them, they after refbrt in great number from far places, to the marvellous fpoile of the roots, as the Greek Varro in his worthy inftru&ions of husbandry hath diligently noted, yet not leaving the fame without a help and remedy: for he reported», that the fharp afTaulrand enterprise of them is withftandtd and driven av^ay, if the^ardener either lap wool about the roots, or Swines dung, or bellow the Fig-tree afhes in the like manner a* bout them.
The Moles in like manner do marvelloufly harme,and be injurious to the foots, infomuch that through their often calling, and hollowing of the ground, the hollow plants are procured to fall ©r leane through feeblenefs in the earth, for remedy of which annoyance, the Gardener may either bring up and learn a young CaB or tame a Weafil, to haunt daily in thofc places.
There be which fet the plants of the Artechoke in a fall and dry ground, to .the end the Moles fhould not fo lightly in their working overthrow them.
The owner which would underhand and know other helps, let him refore unto tfiofe experiments, which we have uttered in the fir 11 pare,
The Thyfck^ benefits and helps of the Artechakt^
THe Artechoke eaten green or raw with Vinegar, refornaetfi the favour of the mouth, the Eares and fealj' kernels,cleaving or fticking round about the head, being tenderly boiled f after the manner of the Sptrage ) from which after the liquor poured, the Eares again boiled with Cutter, and feafored with Vinegar, and Salt, do yield a deleftable fauce with piear right profitable,
• There be forae, which rather eat the Eares raw then fodden, being afore prepared with Salt, and the fine powder of Pepper or Co-liander feeds llrawed upon, for by that meaner ( as they affirm ) is the natural fweetnefie of them more kindly and deledably represented and felt.
Certain report, that the Eares fleeped onelyin wine, tocaule Urine and move the veneiial a£l,as the worthy Hefiodut report eth* T a	whichThe Gardeners Labyrinth.
which ( as RmUiut hath noted) at the bearing of the flower, the Grafhoppers then do loaded: fing, and women gretdieft to the ve-nerial aft,but men at the fame time floweft.
The root ( after clean feraping and keeping forth of the Pith •) boiled in Wine, and drunk- not oaely amendeth the hardnefs of making water, but the rank favour and ftinkingfmcl of the arme-holes, which Xenccrates affiimeth of experience, to fend forth on fuch wife the ftiijk of the Urine, caufed by the heat oLthc fmall pocks, or any other occafion.	m ^ -.'.r'
. . The.Artechokecenderly boiled and eatei^gs laid toftrengthen the ftomack, and hclpe fomewhat the privy places, that men chil-y dren may be conceived, as the Athenian Chert as, and Glattcias affirm*
* i '	The worthy Galen reporteth, the meat of the Artechoke to be
of an ill nourifliment,and incommodious to the ftomack, efpeciaL ly when the fame fhal be hard at the fi ft yeelding of the flower,for then the Eares poflefie a great quantity of cholerick juyee in them, which for the fame, ought rather to be eaten boiled then raw : yet fome be of this mind that the younger heads, tender and full of juyee, being prepared (as afurc taught) may with the more delight and lefler harme be eaten.
Chap. XIV.
Wbat skill and diligence is to be leorttcd in (owing, and worktnanlj or-deriug, both of Endive and Snecerie.
rT“,He Envive, otherwTife named the Succorie, ©r fower Lettice, fervetb rather for theufeof Medicine, then for other pur-purpofes, fo that by a cravel caufed to grow acceptable in the Garden, forafmuch as this of it fielfe by nature is evermore fower, although it be a kind of the Lettice, which ought often to be removed and changed into fundry places, that the nature of it may on fuch wife be altered, with lefler tarvel to the Gardener.
.^The Endive thus bellowed in beds, may wel abide the cold fea-fon of winter, whereforein cold Countries, this better agreeth to be foam near the end of Harveft, and wel grown up, to be removed and laid again in the earth, that thefe in the lying, may
onThe fecond fsrt of	51
on fuch wife become white,if fo be (before the covering) the herb* . be (hewed over with river fand3 and often watered (ifnot halpen by (howersof rain) which then cover with light earth, letting thefe fo reft until by a diligence in the watering, they become fuf-ficiently white for Sallets, or other purpofes : the young plant«* of the Endive are no: to be removed, before that four leaves be fuf-ficiently fprung up, and tbefe cut at the ends of the roots, as wel as the tops of the leaves, with fofc Cow-dung anointed about the roots, before the bellowing in the earth, which lightly covered, water fo long, until the plants be fufficiently (Irong in the earth.
The fuccory is of the nature of the Endive, which in like manner reta'neth the proper bitternefle, being not like removed and ordered as the Endive: thisdefireth moift ground, and the earth to be wel 1 boured, when four leaves become up : the plants after the removing, ought again to be fet in a wel dunged earth, and that thefe may yield faire, largc,and long leaves 5 let the owner after the leaves be fomewhat more (hot up, on the middle of them lay a piece of a Tileftone, for by the waight of the fame will the leaves fpread ou*, and enjoy more tufes, or grow thicker. By this workmanly ordering, wil the bitternefle of Che leaves be removed, and they aptly fervein the winter time for the ufeof the Sallets. if fo be the plant« be fet again in the end of Auguft, or rather in the beginning of September, when the leaves arc (hot up big* and in pulling up, the eauth not knocked off the roots,but with foft Cow-dung the roots gently anoint about,and bellowed after in beds wel turned in with dung.
The leaves laid along in wel dunged beds (to be white) cover fo over witn loofe earth that the roots may lye upwards 5 and over them, lying a long in1 the earth, make (ome coverture in the form of a harbouring place, or rather drew upon them thechaffecf come,for the better defence of the cold and bitter wind?.
Certain report that the like may bepurchafed, if the owner after certain leaves of the Succory (hot up, bindeth together with a bfown thred,and covereth them after a pot of earth, to the end that thofe may daily draw by the roots a nourifhment from the earth, which by the(ame meanes (hall purchafe ’both a whitenefle and tenderneffei and lofe a great part of the proper fowernefle.The Gardeners Labyrinth.	52
Tht PbjJick^belps both of tb« Endivt and Succory,
T He Endive which by another name is termed the wilde Let-tic ;> is reported to be cold and drie in the fecond degree, and of this onely the leaves and feed lerve to the ufe of Phylick, yet are the leaves brought ape to be eaten in ballets.
The root by the content of all writers, is to little ufe, therefore In our timefeidom applied in medicine.	.	.•% ! ;
The green leaves excraifed in medicine, are to great pulrpofc,but the dry prevaile little or nothing at all.
The green ferve to comfort,for which caufc they prevaile againft the Hopping of the Liver and Milt, t; rough the occafion of cho- j ler; and thefe like prevaile againlf a fimple and double Tertian, * and againtt the heat of the Uver, and againft hot or burning im-poftumes, eaten either fodden, or raw with Vinegar: the Sirup j made of the deco&ion of the herb with Sugar, availeth in all the * i abovefaid.
The juyee or Sirup given with Ruberb,about the fourth or fixth j day af terdigeftion of the matter, greatly prevaileth for the heat ] of the Liver,and a burning impoitume, the faid herb or juyee kp-plyed in plaifter form, greatly availeth. If the leaves cannot be had, t ien ufe the feeds burifed and boiled, applying it to the fame hot places, which greatly.profi eth.
The juyee of the leaves applied on hot pufhes, efualiheth and ] draweth forth the heat of them, the herb bruifed and laid on hot ] xmopilumes greatly helpeth. The herb applyed on the left pap with < Vinegar, mightily proficeththc CardiackepaflioH,the fame on the belly ttayeth the fhx.
The Sirup made of the Endive and Harts tongue, prevaileth a- ; gainft the Kings evill, the herb applied in pl*fter.forth,with Cerufe and Vinegar, healeth the flringles, hot ithpoitumes, and fwel-lings: the juyee applied with Vinegar and Role water on ,the temples, aflwageth theheadach: the drinking of the juyee every jT	fecond day, recovereth the fpitting of blood,and aGWageth the ex- j
celle ol Spermc; the juyee is effe&uoufly anointed with Chcrus and Vinegar on all parts, which are healed by cooling*
The Succory is of a dry and c©ld quality, yet fomewhatmore then the Endive, this herb (a* JEgeneta repot tech, is both of cooling;53	fecond f art of
ling and drying in the firft degree, and hath alfo the vertue of binding.
The herb bruifed with the root, and round Trochifes or flat Bait m ade of the fame, which after difTolved in Rofewater, and a-nointed on fcabbed places, doth both cure them, and caqfeth a fairer skin. If any ufe this potion, made with the juyee of Cicho-ry, Endive, and Harts tongue,to which a quantity of Suger added, in the boiling with water and a little Vinegar, doth in Ihort time recover the flopping of the L ver and Milt, fo that pils of Ruberb be after miniftred, and the comforting Elettmry of the three . Sanders taken.
If any prepareth this plafter made of Serapium, andMyrre, of each a like weighr, to which the oyle of Camamil and Honey in like proportion added, and the fame applyed warms to the womans privy place, doth on fuch wife purge theMatrice, that fhe may after conceive with Child«. And in proper purgings of the women ( as E/wyreparteth ) the deco&ion of the herb in water fo much prevaileth,thatit draweth forth the dead yongling.
The juyee of the herb boiled, and miniftred, loofeth. the belly helpeth the Liver, Kidneyee,and ftomack : boiled in Vinegar re-moveth the vexing pain in the Urine, yea the Kings Evil), applyed with Milk or water and Honey, if it be wirhout a Fever.
The Cychory taken with Vinegar (as Biofiorides reporteth ) is profitable to the homack, for that the fame meat aflwageth the heat and infirmities of the fame. And by it felfe applyed, and with Barly meallayedplaifter-wife on the Region of the heart, greatly helpeth in the plague: and in burning Agues the fame is to be ufed ~ to great purpofe. It alfo qualifieth peftilent pufties, if the water of the decottion of the fame be applyed on the places, with linneq clothes. The flour thrown into a apifmires hill, foon after becom-etfe as red as blood. .
The herb boiled in wine, and taken with meat, is very profitable to theftomack, in that the fame hclpcth digeftion: the flowers bruifed with the roots, and applyed in plaifter forme to the Gout, do incontinent affwage the pain of the [fame proceeding of heat. This plaifter applyed tothefhingIes,doth marvelloafly removs the mighty heat*	;	y
Tbr -54	Tbc fécond part of
*lbt comtntnâià venues of tbedijiill viator-) Both of the En vive and Cychorie
THe time aptefi for the dUHUing of Endive,is in the end of May, the leaves ( before the diftilling ) plucked from the Items, and finely Hired.
, The Endive water drunk unto the quantity of two ounces at a time 6oth morning and evening,profiteth the Hraightnes and Hopping of the breaftin she famé manner drunk, is available to women with child, in that this both Hrengthneth them, and amend-eth fenfes.
. The Endive water mixed with the water of Plantein Rofc water, and the white Sief without Opiutty of which an ointment made after arte, doth in fhorc time recover Ulcers diflempered of a hoe rfiatter, and efpecially thofe hapningpn the privities.
The faid water with the juyee of MarchMallow roots, oyle of Rofes and Cartioaiil, Saffron, barly meal, and the yolks of Eggs mixed altogether over the fire, and applied in plaHer form is a pre-fent remedy, both for the Gout of the hands and feet.
The Endive water drunk unto the quantity of four or five ounces at a time, both morning and evening,rcCovercth the plague,ex. pelleth or puttech away the Kings evill, ceafeth thirfi, and in good quantity drunk, affwageth the head of theLivcr.
This helpeth the Hitch in theftde, and a piicking fek about the heart, drunk unto the quantity of three or four ounces at a time, both morning arid evening, a linnen cloth or bolHer of hempe applied on a hot Liver, qualifiech the hear, or in what part of the body the like hapneth : but as the linnen clothes wax dry, evermore to wet them in this water.
The befl time for diHilling the Cjchorie^s in the middle of May, ‘ theherb and the root to be fi nely Hired, before thedifiiiiing in a Limbeck.
The water of Cychory drunk unto the quantity of two ouncs at a time, both morning and even, and at Noon, or taken wich drink in thisraar;iier,removeththe heat of the H'omàck,Th'is drunk ,in the like manner or applied with linnen cloathts on the region ,of the heart, both comforteth and Hrengthneth the hearc and Horn ack. S
AndTht fafodfgk tf - V 55
And ai this applyed with linnen clothes on theLivsr, aflwageth heat of it, fo is opencth the flopping of the fame. This drunk in the (aid manner, prefer veth the creature from the plague. This like availeth for Carbuncles, either drunk, or applye<d with linnen clothes on the places .* this alfo often drunk,ftaieth the riling of the lunges unto the throat: and ftoppeth the perillous flix Vifenteria.
The water in like quantity drunke, opencth the flopping of the Liver and Milt: this gargelled in the mouth anddrunk^heJpetli the fwellingof the fW/<»andthr©at,ithc]peth alfo Wafted members ifthofebe often bathed with the fame and drunk m like condition or applyed with linnen clothes, helpeth the bite of a veneraous beaft.
The flowers after the gathering in the morning, diflilled in BalneoMjri* and orderly applied,ferveth unto divers impediments, the eyes, as unto the Ulcers of them, the miftinefle or dimnefie of fighr, the Pinne, webj and (pots in the eyes, and unto many other like griefs. _
C'HAP. XV.
What care, skill, and jeer ets are to be learned in the [owing, and work-manly ordering of the'Lettice.
T He Garden Lettice deflreth a well laboured ground* fat, mold: and dunged, appearing for the more part by the fourth day above the earth, fo that the feed in the earth be not burned of the fun, or the ground unfruitful; the feed may be committed to the earth, al theyear through ifthe place for the growing Aral be battle, dunged and moift. The Seeds may be Town in beds thick together, > and in the moneth of March or beginning of April, in that tha tender plants cannot indure the nipping frofts nor cold aire. The feeds which the ower beftoweth in beds in the moneth of Septem-ber, will be fo hardened for the winter time, that the plants may well endure to be removed and fet at any time, and watered for two or three dayes together, unlefle thefe be otherwife moifined, with the daily and fweet ftiowers of the aire. And in committing of the feeds to the earth, the owner ought to have a care for wav'	ceringHK The Gardeners Lalyrinth.
teringof the beds, lead the heat confiding in the’dung, breatfreth or cafteth the feeds forth of the earth.
, The plants rifen or fprung up well four or five leaves above the earth, ought then to be removed and fet again into a fat ground, a good didance one from the other, and to water them wel at the roots, fo that it freeze not,, nor the fcafon be very hot.
The owner or Gardener may not remove (to fet agalne ) the (mail orcommon Lettices, but the greater which will become crif-ped and thick (named of divers, the Rornane Letdce) that yieldech white and far bigger feeds : thefe if the Gardiner beftoweth again in beds, will fhoot up far fairer, and greater in Tuffe, and taft pleafanter3if he efpecially break away the firft leaves before the fettling of therein beds, forafmuch as the firft outward ftalks have much milk in them, which will lightly become bitter through the heat of the fun.
If theowner would pofTeffe faire and white Lettices, he ought to bind the leaves up together with a threed, wel two dayes before the plucking up and fetting again in other beds: which fo done, he mud draw thick over, with river or fea fand, which the worthy Pliny feemeth onely to aferibe to thofe which yield the white feeds, v/hofe nature is fuch, that they bed indure the cold Winter. But if thefe through the default of the place, feafon or feeds wax hard, iheGardener may prccur: theplantto grow tender, by plucking them up, and fetting them in wel wrought beds.
The Lettice fpread into a breadth, if fo be die owner either fet-teth it afunder, or when it is grown into big leaves,., the tops gently cut off; it be preffed down with a turffe of earth, Tile, or Pot-fhard, whereby it may thelefle fjioot up into a dem. For thorough. ihe ivaight thus laid upon, the plant kept under is forced to creep, and died forth into a breadch, as the lingular Floentinus in the -Greek husbandry, and after him Columella, to thefe Plinie and the Worthy Neapolitan Rutilius utter.
TheLecticesarecaufed to grow broadi round, thick of leaves,, crifped; and low by the earth, if the plants removed when they be (hot up a hands breadth, be after the cutting away of the nairy. roots anointed wel about with new Cow dung, and in heaping the earth wel about them, be often watered : and aifoon as thefe are grown to a more ftrength, to clip the tops of the leaves off with a (harp pair of fheerr, and to cover them with pots of earth new fil-The feccttd part ef	$7
led, in fuch manner that the tops beaten or prefled down, may grow tufted round up, and white, as the faidFlorentinut (in his Greek inftru&ions of husbandry ) reporteth that he did.
If the owner mindeth to injoy Lettices fweet in tall and fmell, let him ( two dayes before the pulling up ) bind up the tops of the leaves hard together, for by that means in the farther growing,wil the plants be the fairer, Tweeter*, and whiter» Herein reracmbrkjg that at the tying ( on fuch wife ) of the plants, and they Wronger grown, to be then prefled down, as afore taught, with either Tils or potfliard or Turffe of the earth.
The skilful Florentinut (doth alfo affirm) that the plants may be caufed to grow Tweet and.pleafant in fmel, if the owner beftoweth of the Lettice feeds, into the citron feeds, before the committing to the earth, which likewife the Gardener may performe, by infilling the feeds in either damaske or musk water, for certain dayes.
Here I think it not impertinent to the matter, to recite in this place the marvellous devifeof Jriftoxenus Cyreneut : this man as FUnie writeth, leaving his proper Country, for the earned defire ht had to Philofbphie,and fetting a felicity in banqueting dilhes, wa-tred at evening divers Lettices ( as they grew on the earth ) with Wine and honey mixed together,and with the fame liquor To long filled them, untill the herbs had diffidently drunk : which after ho had left them unto the next day, boafted that he had purchafed délicates from the earth j this no doubt a worthy invention for a proper banquet, but no Philofophy confiding in it, therefore leaving further to report of this, we will return to our former matter.
The Lettice obtaineth a tenderer leaf, or the leaves become tha tenderer, if the root ( as aforefaid ) be diligently anointed about with the bed Cow-dung, and watred at needful times with river or running water, or the tops of the leaves, as I afore writ, tied dole together with a threed, well two dayes before the pulling up and fetting again.
If the Gardiner defirc to have a plant to grow of a marvellous form, and divers in tad, he (hall with an eafie cod and light tra-vaile ( as the skilful Greek Vidimus reporteth) performa the fame, if ha will properly make a hole into a round pellet made of Goats dung, and inoo the fame pat of the Lettice, Creflês, Bafill, Rocket, and Radifh feeds ( as the Futilius writeth ) and that ball wrap*
V 2	ped^8	TZtf GffidencrjrLalyrwth.
ped in dung; be beftowed in a well laboured earth; the furrow not being deep, and foft dung laid over, with the light earth j and this often and gently (or by little and lirtle) fpringled with water : for the radifh (hooting down performeth the root, but the ocher feeds into a heigth,the Lettice!riling withall,and each yeelding die plane in their proper taft. -
There be fome which in two or three terdilci of the Goat or (heepbruifod, and madenpintoa ball, beftow the forefaid feeds, and tying this in a linnen cloth, do fee icinto the earth, with the like care and diligence, as above is uttered.
Many of the Latin writers of husbandry taught the fame in an other manner, by gathering whole leaves of the Letcice, growing next to the root, in the hollow pics and places of which leaves the owner to beftow, except the Radifh ( as Rutiliuj writeth ) or the Parfley ( at Ruellius inftm&edr)aU the afore named feeds, which leaves anointed about with foft dung, to be fet into a well dunged ground, and the feeds diligently covered over with earth.
If any would polTefle Lcttir.es for the Winter turn, he ought to conferve them'Columella mftrufteth)after this manner,in pluck-* sng firft away the* outward leaves round about, that the tender leaves left apparant and uncovered, might well be faked in an car* then pot or other veflfell, and left covered for a day and a night, after fuch RHnner,until thefe with the helpofthe fait,yeeldedforth a Brine*, o ,
~ The Btine throughly purged away wirh frefli water,, and the U-* q«or preflTed forth of the leaVesjto let them lyeabrOad on a Lettice, until the leaves be fufficient dry,then to llrcwthedry Dill,and Fer.-nel on them 'r after this to lay the heaps Or hahd'fuls of the Lettices into the veflell again, on which to powre the liquor made of t wo parts of Vinegar, hnd one of the	after this,' fo to thrufl:
down the whole fubftanefe with a dry thfckeriihg, that the liquor may flpte and appear wellabove all, which on fuch wife ordered, muft diligently be tended upon,that as often as the fubftarice above faemeEh lye bare and uncovered, to fill al waies up with the faid liquor, but with a Spungc keep clean the lips and outfide of the pot,* waftied diligently about with frrih Conduit water, and this fo of-ten ufe3 as need (hall require,;**vt 'v Yhefeiotidpari of	. ; 59
The Vhyfichjsenefts and helps of the Lettice.
THe Lettice cooleth and moifteneth in the fecond degree:Aegi- 4 nctaaffirmeth that the Lettice both manifcftly cooleth and moifteneth, through which it procureth deep * and as the fame among other pot herbs greatly nouri(heth,even Co is it a worker and caufer of goodbloud.
Certain report ikutAuguflus Gafar by ufing of the Lettice, in that tfme of his ficknefs recovered health: and no marvel!, in that the fame helpeth digeftion, and ingcndreth better bloud then any of the pot-herbs:the lettice found by experience to be commodious to the ftomack, prccureth alfodeep, loofeth the belly, and caufeth plentifulnefs ohnilk in the breads: the Lettice feed giveth to Nur-ies the plentifulnefs of milke, and lharpneth the fight being taken in drink: the fame drunk in wine, prbciireth deep: aplafter onely nude of the lettice, and applied on hot impoftumes and the ftiin-gles, doth mightily cool; the Ietiices fodden andmixt’d with the Olive, eeceiveth inward by potion, doth help in Ihoct time the Drop/Ic.
The juyee of the lettice anointed on the fore-head of him that’ hath the Fevers nd cannot deep, prccureth reft and fl-epto the pa- 1 dent (as the skilful Ylorentimts wi itctB) which alio affinneth, that a man fhall not be overcome with chink, if .he afore eat with a fa-ping ftomack green lettice.
. To thefe he addeth the feeds of the lettice bruifed and drunkjto ft.sy the fnedding of Sperm, for which caufe this is profitably taken or drunk againli the night pollutions, hapning to many young 7 . * perfou..	. ; ,'. •.
' The Author befides uttereth, \Ka't the Lettice laid ur/der the coverlet, the fickperfon not knowing thereof,and gathered after this manner, as with the left hand pulled up by the root before the fuu rjfing, doth foon after caufe deep. A like to this he reporteth,ii'fiye, three, or one leaf be I aid privily under the bolder of the fick, But in fuch manner, that the bigger end of theTtalk and leaf lye to the -feet-ward, and the top and fmaller end to the head.
Here leara, that the pendfull and daily eating of the Lettice of married perions,is very incommodious and noyfome to them,as the Greek writer&^f husbandry have noted, in that the fame ^as they
■ Vff*;	write )r6o	Tbt Gardners Labyrinth.
write) not onely doth diminfh the fruitfulnefs of children, but the children after borne, do become idle, foolilh, and pecvHh perfoni; but the Phyfieians in our time write contrary; for they fay the lettuce neither doth increafe evill bloud, nor the fame throughly perfect, yet is the lcttice (by their agreement )worthier then the other pot-herbs, for the lcttice is preferred ( as Galen writeth ) and not without good reaion to other herbs, in that there is none known or found to ba of better nourifhment.
This alfo in the fummer time (as the faid Author writeth) is a gratefull and profitable meat, forafmuch as by nature it cooleth this miniftred to hoc and cholerick ftomacks, is marvelloufly available ; yet the often ufe dulleth the fight of the eyes, and procureth a raoiftnef?, yea and abateth the defire ©f the vcneriall aft : this alfo through the often eating, greatly harmeth fuch fetching the wind Ihort, fpitting up of bloud, and the flegmatick ; this herb betides too often and much ufed ( as well fodden as raw ) is no left perillous then the eating of the hemlock: the lcttice in the fummer time is ufed rather for Phyfick fake, then for the proper nourifhment which icyceldetb, as unto the moiftening and cooling => yet this feeing it may be difeerned cold, who needs th to doubt, that it can ingender in any manner found and pure bloud in us? for the fubflanceof it is common to us, which is both milkte and fweet, and to thefe meanly dlgefted, is for the fame readily and lightly changed into bloud : the lettice therefore eaten moderately, doth procure in us good blood, and helpeth many rimes the tertian ague, and the herb is faid to loofeche belly, in that this through the proper moiflune and coldnefs, both cooleth and tempereth the immoderate heat ofthe livtr,which notwithftandingfor thefpeedy and vehement diftribmion and carrying away of the meat 8c drink, is many times wont to bind the belly ; the heib eaten either raw, or boiled with Vinegarand Sugar,doth dilfolve theftopping ofthe Mile and Liver, yet eaten raw in much quantity, is faid to trouble the fight,and both harmethe eyes,and caufe a miftinefs that thick-neth and dulleth the vifive fpirits,and caufeth the Chriftallinc humour troubled, and offendeth the annimal fpirit through the proper coldnefs confiding in it.
Many ufe the Lettice before it be rifen in s ftalke, boyling it in water or broath, which likewife (the worthy Galen reporteth) that he did in his old age, yet not eating the fame before the boiling,
for'The fécond park of	ét
for th« nardnefs which he found to e-nfue by the eating of it raw : notwithftanding the Laid Galen in young age ufed the raw lettice to exprefs the heat of the choller in the (tomack } but when he came to old age, he ufed to eat the lettice boiled at fupper,to procure the Tweeter and longer fleep in the night, fothat the lettice be boiled and eaten at fupper, or at the houre of going to bed i was to him a fingular remedy to caufe a quiet deep.
The ancient ufed not to eat the Lettice at the beginning of fup* per, but at the latter end, the reafon of which was, that feeing the lettice,(as we have aforefaid)isof a cold and moift nature,therefore the eating of the fame at the end of fupper, and mixed with theo-ther dainties to the ftomack, it caufecb the fooner and founder deep in the night, and this the readier exprefleth the vaprous fumes of heady wine, and drunkenncfs 5 alfo it is the (boner raaftred and. flayed through mighty moiflening of the braine.The Lettice feeds bruifed, and mixed with the white of an Egge and womans milke, applyed in plafter form on the temples or forehead war me, at the going to refl, doth marvelloudy procure deep : A like to this doth-the juyce'of 3he lettice, and womans milke, of each a like quantity,’ to which half an ounce of white Poppy feeds bruifed, apply warme on the forehead.
The feed bruifed and drunk,ceafeth the often imaginations ofthe ▼cnerial aft in deep, and reprcffeth the defire of the natural aft.
The worthy Pbyfician sin our time have devifed amore bealth-full way for theeating of raw Lettice, at dinners and (uppers $ in the dimmer time, by mixing with it Vinegar^ oylc Olive and Salt.
( which fo prepared ) joyning with other meats on the table, that the fame may ftir up the feeble appetite, caufed by great hear, and both temper the burning of blood, and mitigatt.the heat of the liver and heart, notwithftanding the herb in this mariner prepared ought warily tobeufed, feeing the immoderate ufe of the herb ( .as-afore uttcred)doth extinguish the carneft wil to the venerial aft.
The married perfons(defiring the procreation ofchildren)ought' foberly and meafurably to feed on the Lettice, but the Cholericic perfons this heib is not denyed,fo that thcc jldnede of it with R.O-cket, CrefieSj Mints, Marjoram, and fuch like be tempered, to the. *pter cooling of their ftomacks..
The62
The fecond fart of
'Ibi commended vertues of the difHlled water.
THe Garden Letcice gathered about the middle of May, pugh* after the finely Ihredding, to be diftilled with a foft fire, either in Balnea Afori*, or a Tin Limbeck. This water of the crifped, or Garden letticesdmnk to the quantity of two ounces at a time,both morning and evening,profiteth the liver,in that by nature it cooleth ant! comforfiech the fame, and cc*)leth the blood inflamed.The wa-" ter in like manner drunk, ftayeth the perillous flux Diftnteria, and other vehement Fluxes of the belly, this amendeth the tumbling of membe.s, and helpeth thofe which cannot quickly (hep: this a-nointed on t,he temples of the head, and pulJfes of the hands, pro-curethfleep.': r; , \ r *
’IThe water drunk, helpeth women lacking milk, if they either cake it aloneorin drink, for on fueji wife this procureth ftore of milk in the breafts. The water ceafeth and amendeth a hot and dry cough taken in drink, mollifieth the throat, cleanfeth the breaft and lungs, ceafeth third, tempereth the heat of the ftomabk, liver, and kidneyes, this belidesin good quantity taker>5loofeth the belly*
Chap. XVI.
Wbat care and skill is required in the [owing and ordering of the Purfelane and Rocket,
THeGarden Purfelane, how diligently the fame is bellowed, fo much the larger it fpreadeth on t-he earth, and yeeldeth the thicker leafe. Thisdefirethtobefownin February, March,April, May, and June, and in no other times, for this herb cannot well indure the cold feafon. This plentifully yeeldeth andTpreadeth, being bellowed in beds well turned in with old dung, or in ground very fat of it felf, orotherwife (own amongrt Coleworts, Onions and Leeks. And after thefe have joyed a yeare in the Garden, they will yearly come up, without paines to the Gardener, of the one accord $ yet the herbs delire every year to beoften watered, to the end that thefe may yield the bigger Toffe, and thicker leaf.
The feeds ought to be Town under the flbadow of trees, and in
anThe fecond £art of	65
ail harbour where trees grow not too thick,for thefe otherwifc bc-• flowed under a thick (hadow, grow thin aad fuull of leaf* The Purfelaneis one ofthc Garden herbs, ferved hr ft iaSallets, with Oyle, Vinegar,and a lit&le Salt, aswellac the mean, as rich mens Tables, yea this foe a dainty difh with many ferved firft at Table in the wintertime, preferved after this manner.
Thegreateftftems and leaves of the Purfelane without roots were gathered in that the fmaller fteeped (lightly decayed and withered) and thefe with water clearly and throughly cleanfcd from the fine Sand, hanging on, and the filthy or corrupt leaves if any fuch were, clean purged away; and thefe fo long they dryed in the £hadow,unril they were fomewhat withered,for otherwife(through the plenty ofmoifture) they either moulded or rotted in the lying. After thefe were they infu/ed in Verjuce made of fowre grapes, ftrewed thick over wkh green Fennel bellowed in an earthen pot glazed within, or for lack of it,in a fwcet veflel of wood: after this, the whole fprinkled wel over with Salt, laying grren Fennel again over the Salt, and 1 undry courfes of Purfelane, with Sale and Fennel beftowed to the filling upofthapot, and over the upper bed of Purfelane again, a thick courfeof green Fennel flrewed, which fttled the whole mixture down into the por,
Thefe beingdone.the liquor which was tempered or mixed with two parts of Vinegar, and one of Vejjuyce made of Grapes was poured upon in fuch order and fofull, that the fame reached up to the brim or lip of the veflel. The fame prickle or fauce at the end, clofe covered with a lid, was up in a place to be prefervtd far from the beams of the Sun coming,leaft the fubftance through t he Handing of the place,might gather a vinew or mouldinesover the fame: which alfo as they affi ra may be avoided, if the Purfelane be not fuffered to lie floting above, but alwaies covered wel over with the liquor: when they ufed and ferved it at the table,they afoi e clea n-fed it-with warm water or wine, and pouring fweat Oile on the Purfelane, they fet it at a firft difh on the table, to procure an appetite to the gnefts fet down to meat* The Rocket is added to the Lettice in Sailets, to the end it may temper the contrary vertue of the fame, fo that the Lettice is feldom eaten with meat without the Rocket, and the Sallet on fuch wife prepared is caufed the deloft-abler, and vieldetb the more health to man. And the worthy Galt* in his Book tie aliment. & facultat. willeth «0 man to cat Lettice or
X	Purfe-64	The fecond fart of
Purfelane without the Rocket, nor the Rocket contrary-wife in any Sallet, without Lattice or Purfelane,that in as much as the one cooleth and harmeth the veneriall aft,the other through the heating in the either matter profiseth man. The feeds may be commie-ted to the earth, and the herb planted as wel in the winter time, as in fummer, for it neither feareth the cold, oor any other diftem-perancy of the aire, nor this requireth great labour about the bellowing of the feeds in the earth, and after the coming up, it efpe-cially joyeth to be often weeded, but the feeds to be fown in a frn-dy or gravelly ground, ought afore to be well turned in with dung.
Ibe Fbyficke keifs and remedies both of the Purfelane and Rocket.
rHe Purfelane cooleth in the third degree,and moifteneth in the fecond, the herb ufed frefh and g* een, is better allowed C for this dryed, hath fmall ufe and vertue ) in that iemitigateih and moifteneth.
The Purfelane through the proper coldnefie, afTwageth hotand Gholerick fluxes,through the often applying and cooling, and hel-peth the perfons afflifted with a6urning Fever,and the teeth aftoni-fhed or on edge, by eating of fowre thingsj is amended by the only eating of the frefh herb* The juyee of this applied, hdpeththe fhingles, and both bridle; h the venerial aft, and abateth fleep. The herb expelleth the wormes of the belly, and drunk with wine, ftai-the perilous flux Vifenteria. The dtcoftion of the Purfelane, hol-den fora while in themouth, ceafeth the tooth-ache, if the juyee .be anointed,helpeth outward inflamatioms.The perfeu which hath a hot ttomack,or the mouth of the itomack fvvollen,lhal throughly be holpen by eating of the frefh Purfelane. The juyee drunk, mightily cooleth inward heats} the herb eaten, amendeth the Ulcers of the p ivioes, yet hurtful to the eyes, and fomewhat cooleth the body. A plafter made of the Purfelane, and applyed with barly meal, on the hot Ulcers ( where a feare is, that the matter in them pu-tr'iietlO much profiteth, or if it (hall be a hot impoftume, which fleeth within from one member to another,this greatly amendeth.-The Purfelane alio reproveth the U'cersof the head, if bruifed, it be tempered with wine, and the head walhed with the lame.
This applyed helpcth fwollen eyes, and pre.vaileth againft the fpitting of blood,yet eaten row, filleth the ftomack with 4 clammy
hu-Thefetondpm of
humour: the daily eating of it, abateth the defire of the venerial aft, yet eaten with Vinegar, it removeth the burning Fever : the herb bruifed with barlv aaeal, and heated on the fire, and then ap-plyed tothcftomack,qiiaUfieth the heat of the fame : the Purfelane ufed of women moleftedwith the monthly courfe,ftaieth it without grief in Ihoit time.
The Purfelane chawed in the mouth, profieeth againft the bleeding of the Nofe,the fame doth the juyce pcrforme anointed on the forehead. The purfelane mixed with barly meal, and applied in plafter forme, ceafeth the head-ach, extinguiftreth the heat of the eyes, ftayeth the perilous flux Vi fentiria3 and ltrengthneih botl) the Kidncyes and bladder. The juyce given in drink, helpeih burning Fevers, killeth the wormes in the belly, and ftaycth the fpitting forth or blood*
The juyce bellowed in glifter wile, helpeth the Excoritations in the bowels of women, and the rawnefie of the privy places within procured by diftillatlonfrom th« head.
The juyce of the herb is profitably anointed on the head, with the oyle of Roles, or oyle Olive, againft the head-ache, cauled by the heat of the Sun, and wounds dangered by blafting, or in a furious heat, this mightily mitigateth,with barly meal anointed.
The herb ( so great purpofc ) is applyed on the Navil of Infants falling forth by crying, and the herb chewed, or rather the juyce boiled» ftayeth the griefe and loofe teeth of the head, yea the juyce eaten raw, aflwageth the Kernels and Ulcers in the mouth, and fwelltag of the gums.
Ltontinni a Greek writer of Husbandry writetb, that the leaf of the purfelane holden under the tongue of the perfon molefted with thirft, mitigateth the delire of often drinking, and fliny writeth, that the juye removeth warts, by anointing the places many dayes together; and he alfo writeth, that the inflamations of the paps and Goat may be aflwaged and healed by the juyce of purfelane with hony.
The faid Tlinj reporteth, that the root of the herb hanged with a threed about the neck, removeth the grief of the fall of the Vvuhy which like happened to a Judge in Italis as he writeth.
The herb Rocket heateth and moifteneth in the fecond degree, the feeds and leaves are onely ufed in medicine.
The herb boiled and eaten, increafeth the Sperm in a man, X .?	which66	The Gardeners Labyrinth,
which A(gineta(lib> i.)likewitnefieth, faying, that the Rocket obtaineth a great vertuc in heating,and fuppofcd to increafe fpcrm and for the fame, to ftir up a deiirc to the venerial aft, befides to caufe (through the often eating alone) a giddinefle and pain of the head.
The Rocket increafeth a ftrong heat, for which caufe, the fame is hurtful to the head, but the Garden Rocket boiled with the Let* tice and Beets, worked or caufeth no harm, and in (uch manner eaten, the fame increafeth the milk in women giving fuck, and Nurfes,
The Rocket eaten, and applied in plafter wife on the peften caufeth Urine, foftneth the belly, comforted the ftomack, and hdp-eth difgeltion : the juyee of Rocket mixed with an Oxe gall, recovered black fears unto a whitnefs : the pimples or pulhes on the face, the juyee with honey anointed, amendeth in (hot t time.
The juyee or feed mix id with hony, and anointed on the head, and ofeenufed with meat, doth kill the Nits and Worm» of the head, but the often ufe of the Rocket procured gripingsof the belly. The root after the tender boiling brtufcd,and applied in platter form on broken and bruife bones, doth put away the pain : the feed bruifed and drunk in wine, recovered the bite of venemous beafts* A skilful praftitioner reported, that if three leaves of the Rocket, be gathered with the left hand, and after the boiling in water and hony mixed together, taken in drink, the fame ( faith he) raarvelloufly availed againll the Jaundife, and hard fwelling ofthenjilr.
The commended verities of the dijUUcd praters of?urfehm
r |”'He berb, ftem,atid leaves of the Purfelane fhred together,ought to be ftil led in Balneo Afari*, about the end of May. -
The water of Purfelane drunk unto the quantity of three ounces at a tiniu both morning and evening,for three or four daies together, amendeth the fpitdng up of bloody and the perilous flux t>ifenteria.
The water drunk in like quantity at a time, ftayeth any flux of the belly, yea,putted away a hot and dry cough : this like profited again ft the heat of the Liver, ceafeth thirft, helped the plague, and removed the fhortnefs of fetching breath.
This water alfo is profitable to Infants, againft heat and the
worms,7 he feeond part of •	6y
worms, given in drink Jboth morning and evening» unto the quantity of two ounces at a time.
If in two ounces of water of Purfclone, ten barly cornes weight of the feed of Pfilium or flea wort be iteeped for a night, and with a fpunge dipped in this, the tongue be wafhed three or four times a day, .which through great heat in a Fever or other ficknefle isa-dufted, and draweth to a blacknefle, this in (hort time recovereth.
It hcVpeth unto a cooling of the inflamed blood, either drunk a-lone, or taken in drink, and repelleth the griefs of the Bladder.
Chap. XVII.
What sQll and diligence is required inthe [owing and ordering of the Chervil) Small age, Taragonj and C refer.
THe herb Chervil, joyeth to be Town in a wel dunged ea; th, in the months of February, March, and April: fomerimes in Auguft and September,to polfeffe the herb inthe winter time, and th« the better prolpereth through the often watering, untill it be. wel come up.
The froallage feeds ought to be fown in a well laboured earth, and near to a ftone wall, or thick hedge 5 this herb well joyeth in the (haddow, and commeth wel up in any ground. And after this herb be once flowed in the Garden, a man (hall hardly weed it forth quire, and the Gardener may leave a ftem or two, to (hoot up into feed, from year to year, for this herb wil indure for ever,without any weeding at all. The owner may commit the feeds to th» earth, after the middle or end of February, unto the beginning of of September: this herb hath the like vertuc and properties, which the Parfly pofiefleth.
TheTaragonof the Garden, bearing feed like to the Flax, ought to be beltowowed io a wd dunged earth,and after the plants (hot up near a foot high, the Gardiner ought then to take up the whole bodies, and fet them again in the felfe fame earth, which often water, until they have taken flrong root in the earth. The Ta-ragon enjoyeth the like properties as the Rocket, and may not be eaten apart or alone, but rather with the Lettice, Purfelane, and fuch like herbs.

The£8	The Gardeners Labyrinth.
The Garden Grefies is a iowre herb in taft like unto the Onion, which the Germaines (in many places) do often ufe in Sallets, bat it feemeth that the herb is not eaten, without other cooling herbs matched with it, as the Littice, Sorrel, Purfelane, andfuch like, which temper the her or burning force of the herb,even asthc worthy phyfitian Galen hath willed it,who forbad the Rocket to be . eaten with the Lettice, that the contrary vertue might be tempered. This berb joyeth to be Town in moifi places, as byfrna] Rivers or running courfesof water, wells and fprings: for no other labour ( after the feeds bellowed ) do they require, faving a daily watering, for the plants coming up, defirc often times a day to bs watered by little and littl«.
The feeds of the Grefies ( after the mind of Rutiliw ) bellowed in beds with jthe Lettice, increaleth very well, for they joy in moi* fture, and hate the dung: and Town in a fhadoivie place, in February and March, the plants reafonably profper and come forward.
‘Ibe Pbjfic^e rttmditt and helps both of the Chervil, and Garden Crejfes.
'IT He Chervil heateth in the third degree, and dryeth in the fe-
1 cond, this herb of all perfons is eaten raw with Vinegar, and in broths boiled.
This berb taken in drink, procufeth Urine, and fendeth down the terms in women, brufed with wine and drunk, nricigateth the griefs and Hitches in the fide.
This drunk with water and hony, refolveth or loofeth flewme, it putteth away thegripings of the belly, and ingendreth wind.
The juyee of Chervil takeu with Vinegar, killeth the wormes in the belly, the Chervil brought into powder, and mixed with Hony, healeth a Canker, being anointed upon, The herb boyledin wine, and drunk, ceafetb the ache and grief of the hips„
The herb with the whole fubftance boiled, if the fame be after mixed with Vinegar, and the head wa&ed with the fame, doth remove the dandrie of the held. In like manner ordered and applied, healeth running (ores and Cankers.
It healeth the bite of a mad dog, if the perfon (hall d rink of the feed bruifed, and (hall wafh the wound with the lame. The root of Chervil boiled with the herb Saxifrage, and drunk, breaker h the
,4* HoneThe fecofid part of	dp
ftonc of the Bladder, and provoketh 11« inc, The Chfervil boiled in wine, and drunk,diflolveth the gathered blood into knobs, or o-therwife clotted in the body.
The herb after the brufing, and tempering with wax and Bar-rows greafe, applied on impoftumes behind the eares,doth in fiiort time diflolve and heal them.
The Garden Crefles heateth and drieth in the third degree, but the learned Platearins affirmeth, the Crefles to be hot and drie, yi the fourth degree.
The feed especially ferveth to the ule ©f Medicine, and is prefer-ved in great efficacy,for fi :e years. The herb green is of great efficacy, being fomewhat dryed.
The feed pofleffeth thevertue of heating and drying of fuper-fiuous huoiduts, and in a manner enjoyeth the like venues of Mu» 1 ftard feed : the feed after the bruifing drunk in wine, expclleth the dead youngling : drank with wine, removeth thefwelling of the Milt: eaten with honey, is a remedy for the cough,and looleth the breaft, it availer h againft the Palfie of the tongue,if the leed chewed be retained a time in the mouth.
It profiteth not if the Crefles be eaten alone,for t at the fame di- , minifheth mans ftrength, and engendreth evill humours, for this herbjoycthto bebeftowedin amoiftearth, and under a lhadow from the fun.
The feed whole taken, reftraineth the diftillings of the head without danger or harn.e, the feed brought to powder,and drawn up by the Noffiils, cleanleth the bralne, and helptth the paines cf the head.
The feed of the Crefles helpeth againft the palfie, being boiled in wine, and applyed hot in a bag to the palfij member,the powder of the feed blown up,doth caulerhe patient to fnecze,amehdcth the Lethargic or fleeping out of meafure.
-The feed boiled with drie figs, and a Gargilmade cf the fame, doth fend up a nd dry the Vvula loofe hanging.
Againfl; infeftior.s of the head,knobs and dandrle,mixe the feeds of the Crefles with Goofegreafe, and diligently bruifed, anoint ' all about fundry times, the powder of the feed anointed withoyle of Rofes, doth ftay the going forth of the fundament.
The feed drunk in wine,doth expel the noyfome creeping thing?* as the round and flat worms in th: body,but forcibler by mints ad-
Iyo	The Gardeners Labyrinth.
ded thereto: this profited againfi the hardnefle of fetching wind, and the cough, with Organy mixed and ftyeec wine, and the fame divers times drunk: the decoftion of the herb in Goats milk, hejp-eth the griefs of the bread: this amendech the ache of hips, and i grief of the loines, by anointing with Barly meal and Vinegar mixed with it, bn the grieved places.
Certain report, that the daily eating of theCrefles for a time, purchafeth a readier underftanding and quicker wit. The feeds after the beftowing in a bag, boiled in wine, and applied on the flanck, doth remove the pain grievoufly vexing, and likewife the Chollick, applied on thebeliy, proceeding of a cold caufe.
For the (elf fame, and for the ftrangury, doth the Ample herb boiled in wine and oyle prevaile, being applied upon. For vveak-nefsof theKidneyes, proceeding of afloimatick matter difeen-ding from the head, cherainesof the back anointed with honey, ftrew the fine powder of the feeds, with Cummine and Colofeuy. w' A certain pra&itioner reported, that the juyee of the Crelles diftilledor dropped into the eare, doth remove and deliver the grievous pain of the teeth. The feed boiled in wine and drunk, and a plaifter with figs applied without, doth io fhort time aifwage the dwelling and grief of the Milt«
The commended vertuej of the di [tilled waters, both of the Chervil andGardtnCrejfes.
THe chofen time for the diddling of Chervil, is when ths herb and root,with the whole fubflance may be finely fhred and dialled, which time belt anfwereth in the middle of May.
The water of Chervil drunk unto the quantity of four ounces at a time, both morning and evening, helpeth men burden, and harmed by a grievous fall,and refolveth the blood clotted in lumps. The fame drunk, profiteth againft the done of the Kidnies : a great quantity of this drunk at one time, loofeth the belly.
The water drunk (as abovefaid) procureth a good ftomack,confirmed and comforted the heat, puueth away the fluking of the Fever,de fame healthful or profitable to the head, and comforted the fenfes.
This like drunk, removed grievous paines and prickings: help* eththe Lungs,and the difeafes of defame.
TheThe fceotidpart of	yi
The aonvenicnt time for the drilling of the Garden Crefles, it in the end of May, in the Tin Limbeck.
The water of Crefles availeth againft the Meafels, and impo-ftumes behind the eares, if the Came mixed with honey, be applied on the places with Iinnen clothes dipped in it, which long dryed, again moiften them, for this removeth the red fpots.
If the Meafels be on the legs, then let blood on the Anckle of the foot, and drink the fame morning and evening, mixed with ftraw-bsry water, and refraine after from all hot meats.
The water of Crefles drunk morning and evening unto the quantity of four ounces at a time, aflwageth a fwelling, and expelleth worms of the belly, micigateth Ulcers, and fwcllings of the gums, if they be often rubbed with it.
C HAP. XVIII.
What care and skill it required in the [owing and ordering of the Bucks home, Strar»beryt and Muslard feed.
THe Bucks or Harts horn, whofe leaves be fweetin taft, and fomewhat faulty, is at this day fown in Gardens, and yearly ufed in Sallets, and requireth a fmall labour, before the beftowiag in the earth, forafmuch a« this herb foweljoycth in the earth,not laboured and drafted,as afore prepared.
But if the owner mind to have the herb thick tuft, and fake to the eye, he muft often clip the tops of the leaves, and prefs the head down by feme waight, or properly tread with the foot on it: for on fuch wife handled will the herb be procured to grow downward, and into a breadth.
This efpeciaily in Sallets in fummer time, although the fame have no apt fuceour nor taft.
The Strawberics require foul labour and diligence in the befto* wing in the earth, faving that thefe joy to be fet in fome fhadowie place of the Garden, in that thefe rather defir® to grow under the fhadow of other herbs, then to be planted in beds alone; and planted under the fhadow of high trees, thefe profper without any trimming of the earth.
Here note amarvellouiinnoceiicy in the ftrawberiee, that al-Y	though72	The fecottd fart of
^hough thefe creepc low by the earth, and that divers venemous, things creep over the herbs,yet are thefe in no manner infe&cd with any venemous contagion, which is a note, that the herb ( of pro* perty ) hath no affinity with poyfon. The herb by diligence of the Gardener, becommetbfo great,that the fame yicldetli fair,and big Berries, as the Berries of the Bramble in the hedge, and hereof it feemeth, that Virgilianns Semins named the Strawberry, the Mul* beryof the earth. Certain skilful men, by a diligence and care* procure the berries to alter from the proper red colour, into a fair white,delettable to the eye.
The Muftard feeds defire to be fown in a fat ground, and to be committed to the earth with fine powder duft, both before and after the winter, thefa after the coming up, require to be often weeded and watered. But the feeds may not be fown to thick, in. that the plants multiply and fpread into breadth. After the plants have enjoyed ftrong root in the earth, they are hardly plucked up by the roots, and the feeds may well be kept for five years, whioh the newer they be, (o much the better to fow, and to be eaten. The goodnefle of the feed is known in the breaking or cracking of it between the teeth, whether the fame be found green or white within : for if this be wh*ice, the feed is old and nothing worth, neither to fow, nor to eat. The feeds which the owner would keep for to eat,, thofe plants muft he remove, af.er certain leaves fprung up, and fee them a good difiance afunder, whereby the tops may buffi and fpread the broader, but fuch plants which the owner would have runne up to feed, thofe may he not change, nor remove out of the proper places.
' 7be Pfnfis^e remedies and helps of the Bucks herxe, Strawiene 1 and Adtiftardfted,
THe Ha: ts horn hath the property of heating and drying, for which caufe taken in drink, it ceafcth the griping of the belly; yea this ufed, helpeth the griefs of the joynts,ftrengthneth and ex-pelletfi the evill matter in them.
This herb after the mind of Viofcorides, hath the property of binding, fo that the fame be profitably given in red wine, for the perilous Fluxes.
Certain report that if four roots of the Bucks or Harts horn
beThofeeondfart of	73
be either diligently hanged about the neck, or bound to the pulfe* of both the hand*, that thcfe in Ihort time do put away the Fever, or at the lealt, moifture the heat or burning of the feet#
The Berries as well as the herb of the Strawbery, have the ver-tue of cooling and moiftcning in the third degree, and the herb u felfindurcth not above a year.
Vigenius writing of the Strawbery leaf, affirmeth the fame to ba of a cold quality, efpecially the juyee of which herb mixed with the wine of Pomgranat*, and a little quantity of Rofe water, ap-plyed on hot impoftumes ( both in the beginning and increafe of them ( doth marvelloufly help. The Berries eaten with white wine, and a little Sugar, doih nuivelloufly amend the hardnefle and fuelling of the Splene : the.fclfe fame doth the juyee of the Berry, taken with honey : the leaves fundry times ufed in a bath, is faid to be raoft profitable againft the ftone. The leaves and rooc orderly applyed, do heal as well wounds as Ulcers. Thcfe alfo procure the terms, ftay the bloody fiix Vyfenterijy and caufe Urine : the deco&i-onofthe herb and root drunk, hclpeth the inflamations of the Liver and cleanfeth both the Kidneyes and Bladder.
if any (hall be mightily molefted with grievous ache and pains of the hip*, let him take three or four handfuls of the Strawbery leaves, and boiling them tender, fit in the bath, and rub theleggs well ( with the liquor and leaves ) from the nether part upward:
„ which done, and throughly dryed with a war me cloth, apply this oynimenc following, prepared after thi* manner: take of the ointment of March Mallows on ounce , unto which mixe halfe an ounce of ftone honey, and a dram waight of wax, making thereof an oyntment by a fofefier : this on fuch wife handled, not onely amendeth the griefs of the hips, and fofeneth the matter hardned in them, bntprocureth Vrine, applyed on the proper place.
The decooion of the herb and root, holden iu the mouth, and wafting or rubbing the teeth and gums with it, doth not onely flrengthen the gums and fallen the teeth, but ftaieth the diftillings from the head.
The Berries in fumtner time, eaten with Cream and Suger, is accounted a great refrefhing to men, but more commended, being eaten with wine and Suger i for on fuch wife, thefe marvelloufly cool and raoiften cholefick ftomacks, for fuch being of a choleritk complexion.
Y 7,	Tho74	Tike GardenersLabyrinth.
The juyce of the Berries prefled forth, and the water of Plantain added, of each eight ounces, to thefe mixe two ounces of Rofe ho-ny, one ounce of the juyce of the Mulberies, of white Greek Pitch, and theflowrs of the Pomgranet, of each a dram waight, thefe after a diligent beating and mixing together, wadi and gargellthe fame in the mouth fundry times,for this in fhore time rctnoveth and putteth away ehe impoftumes of the throat. Among other commodities which the Berries yield,the juyce or wine prefled forth of them, is a foveraigne remedy for the removing of the groat rcdncfs, fpots,and led pimples,which may happen on the face through the heat of the Liver; the felf fame aflWageth and puttoth away the rednefle of the eyes, the fpots and hot diftillings from the head, by dropping it fundry times into the eyes. The decoftion of the roots and leaves of the Strawbery in wine, is marvellous profitable for the Jaundiie, being taken divers mornings together. Thede-coftion onely of the root taken,doth mitigate the heat of the Liver, fo that the fame be drunk in the morning, and at noon : the herb eaten with Vinegar and a little white pepper,doth greatly help fuch fetching the wind (hort: the Berries alfo eaten,doth ceafeand cool thirft, for which caufe, profitable to the ftomack, but thefe efpeci-ally commodious to the cholerick. The Muftard feed heateth and drieth in the fourth degree, and it is like to the Rape feed, faving that the Rape feed is bitter,and the Muftard feed fours. The good-nefsof the Muftard feed is known in the breaking of it, which if the fame be moilt and white within (althoughnew gathered ) yet ^profitable to ufes. This hath the vertue of heating and ripening. The fo ee and nature of the Muftard feed is to heat, extenuate, and draw forth, as the worthy Diofcoridesreporteth. The Muftard feeds bruifed wkh the frefh root of Enula Camp ana, and applied on ini-poftuTiSjbrcakech them without pain : the feeds bruifed and tempered wi h Vinegar, applied on the bite of a venemous baaft, doth fpsedily cure the fame. The feeds chewed and retained under the tongue, prevaile againft the Palfies, hapning in any part of the body : if a linnen bag filled with the feedi« and boiled in wine, be applied on the grieved place, being efpecially ufed in the beginning of the infirmity. The feeds after the bruifing with commin and fig« eaten fundry mornings, doth deliver and help the dropfic,the feeds after the mixing with water and honey fundry times gargelled, a-mendeth the bliftering or fores of the mouth, and aflfwageth the
fwel-.	Tl!?<? fécond part of,	75
fwelling of the throat- The juyce of the Muftard feed, take divert mornings faftingj doth procure a good memory : the oyle drawn oik of the feeds, is a foveraigne oyntment for the cold Gout, Scia-tioa, and feeblenefs of finews. The juycc of the Muftard feed dropped into the eyes, doth remove the dimnefs of fight,' and put away the fpots and wib in them : yea this in the eating caufeth thkft, and procureth the veneriall aft.
Theperfon which every morning failing, fhall fwallow down two feeds at a time, fhall be free that day from the falling fickneffe i the feed boiled in wine,and drunk,amendeth the hardnefs of fetching breath : the'powder of feeds drawn up by the noftiils, not only procureth the creature to fneez, but marvelloufly purgeth and a-mendeth the brain.
If alike waight of the Muftard feed, Pellitory and Ginger be bruifed, and after the well mixing with rofed hony, the mouth be wafhed with the fame, and this for a good while holden in the •" mouth, doth marvelloufly eleanfe the brain of humours, of which • the grievous pain of the head moft commonly fucceedttb.The fame alfo amendeth the falling of the V*ulat apd Ulcers of thé throatv The Muftard feed (as Viofeorides writeth ) eaten, draweth down and purgeth by the mouth, the fleum gathered in the head : the juyce of the herb mixed with water and honey, gargelled and holden a while in the mouth, doth remove die hard knobs and fwcl-lings of long continuance of the jawes,the powder blown or drawa up by the nofe, to procure the creature fundry times to fneeze, not. onely profiteth fuch a one having the falling ficknefTe, but amendeth the fuffocation of die Matrice,and falling out of the place. And the dulnefsof the head, and oftenfleeping ( the head afore fhaven ) U :he ointment or piailler of the feeds profitably applied : the decoftion of the Muftard feed in wine, holden in the mouth fora whilcjdoth ceafe the ache & pain of the teeth coming of cold: and drunk, breaketh the {tone of the bladder, and procureth the terms.
The perfon which coveteth to prepares clear voice to fing,ought to take the meal of Muftard feed^and after the working of it with, hony, to make little balls of the lame, and of thefe to take one every day,which on fuch wife ufed, wil procure in fltort time a clear voice.
Y 3Tbe	GardenertLabyrinth,
7<j
2be commended venues of the dijlilled waters both of the Straw-berrit9 and plant of the Muftard feed.
T He bed time for the diddling of the Berry is, when they are near ripe, yet that they be not over ripe and foft, which after the gathering and fprineklcd over with Sugar, ought to (land clofe covered in a glade, until they appear mouldy, before thediddling in Balnto Maria. The Berries which grow in woods (landing on hils, are better commended to theule.
The water of the Berries drunk,and mixed with the fdm?,imen-deth an evill or an unnaturall heat, and ceafeth the third, proceeding of the Liver, or of Gholler • the water drunk unto the quantity of four ounces at a time both morning and evening,not onely cool-cchthe Liver, loofeth the bread, refrefhtth the heart, purgeth the blood, and helpcth the Kings evill, but prevaileth againft the done of theLoynes, Kidneys and Bladder.
The like quantity drank, profiteth againft blifters and fores in the mouth, the Ulcers and (wellings in the throat, and flrong favour of the mouth, proceeding of the gums and teeth, if this water alfo be gargclled in the mouth and throat.
The water in like order drunk of women, purgeth them, and procuteth the Terms. The water drunk unto the quantity of four ounces at a time, bQth morning and evining, or at the lead in the morning ) and linnen clothes dipped in it, being applied twice a day to the leg broken , doth in fhort time recover and help the fame«
The water healeth all foul legs, if after the dayly waftiing both morning and evening, linnen clothes wet in it, beapplyed upon: this in like manner cureth filthy wounds, if they (hall bewafhed with the fame, or if any fliall ufe of the water in his drinks this water alfo fwageth the fuelling of the face, by the often wafhing with it.
The water drunk morning and evening, unto the quantity of four ounces at a time, with an ounce of pure Aqua t>if<e,helpeth (no doubt the Leapry, in that this drunk purgeth blood, by the fundry times ufing, orotherwife a white toft of bread, after the wetting with this, be eaten fading, which on fuch wife uted, doth remove foul feurffe and feubs on the body.
TheThe fecondpart of	yj
This water after the wel tempering with Sugar, diflilled over »gain in Balneo Adaride, is very foveraigne for divers purpofes, in that the fame not onely cooleth,clearech and removeth fpoti of the eyes, but comforteth nature, expelleth poifons, provoketh terms, afiwagcth burning humours, and comforteth conception: yea this is a molt effefruous ointment for the eyes, in that the fame ftaycth teares or watering of the eyes, cooleth the great heat in them, and refloreth a dim fight.
This water aUo applied fundry times with a linnen cloth wet in it, doth marveyoufly cool and put away the red pimples and red-nelTe of the face,yea and elearetb the fame contrary to hope.
Ike vertttet oommendable of the diflilled water of the Straneberie leaves,
THe apt time for the diftilling of the herb in either Balneo Ma-ri<et or a Tin Limbeck is in the middle of way. This water drunk unto the quantity of four ounces at a time, both morning and evening, doth remove and help the Kings evili.
The water in like order drunk, loofeth the breaff, purgeth the Lungs, helped) the cough, and cleanfeth the Leapry: The water dropped into the eyes both morning and evening, doth remove the rednefs of the eyes, and muigateth the heat in them.
The Water Tike drunk5ceafeth the overmuch fweating, and for the heat and (lopping of the Liver, there is nothing more health-full and proficabler.
The whole herb bearing fiowlr of the Muftard feed, after the finely (hredding, ought to be diflilled in a Tin Limbeck, in the beginning of June. The water amendeth the Ulcers of the gums, if the fame be holden a while in she mouth, and the gums often wa-fhed therewith. This water helpeth unto the confumpcion of member?, if they be bathed and rubbed with the fame : for the members through the fame, do recover in fhort time flrength and flefh. This water heateth the marrow in the bones, if they be often rubbed with the fame, and the water to dry in alone, this water profiteth againfl the cold difeaf* and ache of joynts, if they be often rubbed with the fame, and the water fuffered to dry in by it
felfc.
C.H A P,78
The Gardeners Labyrinth. ‘ Chap. XIX.
What skill diligence if required in the [owing and tvetkmanly ordering of the Leekcs and Gives,
He Leek for that ic is a root of the Garden to be eaten and of-
ten ufed in the Pot, therefore I will firft treat of the fame* which ( as the raoft skilfull report delweth to be fown in a fruitfull and battle place, and lying efpecially open, whether the fame be in a low place, as the worthy Rutilius writeth, and tothefe, that the bed s be levelled, deep digged, diligently turned, and very well dunged.The Husbandmen in times pall, noted two kinds of this herb, as the one which grew into ahead, like the Onion, and the other into many devided blades, both long and ftraight,whofe bu(h fprang up, is won# to be cut near to the ground, and this with us is named the unfet Leek. The owner or Gardener which would poffefle unfet Leeks, ought to cut the green blades come up in the bedsj after two moneths of th* fowing. For thefe ( after the mind of the learned Columella ) will endure the longer, and • encreafe far bigger, if after this cutting they be removed and fet again, and how often the green blades (hall be cut, fo ofeen the herb is holpen with water and new Gow*dung, And ufe inftruft-eth every carefull owner as the faid Author reporteth, that in the removing, fuch skill muft be ufed for the new (etting, as when <hey be grown into a bignefie in the he^d, to be removed certain diftan-ces afunder, as four fingers breadth between either fet, and when they (hall be grown to a further ftrength, and bignefs, to be again cut. The Leeks fo often ought to be watered,dunged, and weeded, as need required* the fame, and the place k to be often raked over, whereby the plants mayincreafo the better,through the help of the , often killing and calling forth of the unprofitable herbs or weeds. As touching the Gives & unfet Leeks, they may like be beftowed in the earth,as the Leek bearing the head : And the feed* of thefe may be committed to the earth at any time,if fo be the owner enforceth not for the yield of the feeds, but they otherwife ought to be fown in the months of December, January and February, for the gather-' ing and occupying after the moneth of March, unto the midftof of Auguft. And the plants after the fowing, when the blades be
wellThe fee end part of	yp
well fhot up, ought lightly to be ttoden down with the foot, and not to be watered for four dayes after. When the young and tender blades be (hot out* of thefeeJs, and that the owner mindeth to have the heads grow bigger, he ought not after the pulling op to fee them again, before all the (mail roots be cut away, and the green blades nigh half cut off, whichdone the ftnall potfhards, or Oyfterfhels, be laid ( as it were) right under each head, and then diligently covered with earth, whereby the heads may to increafe the bigger: in the which doing, the worthy Greek Satian forbid-deth the watering of them till four dayes after (if a drouth enfue) othei wife water them not at all. The skilful Ncapolitane Rutilint inftrufteth, that when the Leeks be grown to a fingers bignefs, by cutting the blades half away, and the hary roots quite (lead: thefe feed and draw away of the fubftance ) then in the fetth gin earth mixed with fand and anointed frefh with Gow^dung, let the plants be diftant in beds well four or five fingers one frero. the other, and when thefe have fent forth roots fufficier.t long, let the owner (gently putting under his dibble) raife foftly the beads, that thefe remaining ( as hanging on the earth ) fiiay on fuch wifa fil the rooms or empty fpaces by the greatnes ofths heads growing. And that in fewer words I utter this inftru£Hon,if Co ba the owner would enjoy imfe: Leeks, he may bellow the feeds in beds the thicker together. If thefe do grow into a head, then the thiner in" the earth, which (hall caufechem to profper the better through a daily weeding, and feeding with.fcelh cow-dung.
Fhe feeds ought to be committed to the earth,in the months of Ap il, May, and June throughout, to poflefT© the herbs in the fummer time, in the harveft, September, and Qftober, for 'to cn* toy the plants in the Winter time j but thefe efpecially require to be often weeded and dunged,which g ow into heads: the Leek dial yield a far bigger head and ftem, as after Columdlay Rutilins wrote: yea before them both the worthy Greek Sotion, it in thin linnen clouts, or elohes much worn, the owner (hill behow and tye up';.* many Se ds together, which fo hardled, to cover diligently with faft dung and earth, and immediately to water them fo lying in theearthjfor thefe thus knit up (through the running of the feeds into one ) will fe id forth LeeKs of a wonderTull biguefle, which praftife alfo may the husbandly Gardener try itvthe other feeds of80	The GardenersLahyrintb.
A like experience, will come to pafTc, if the owner bellow a Rape feed into the head of a Leek, without making a hole, with any L on inflrument, which To handled, fet into the earth, foe on fuel* Will it grow very big,as both Kutilins and divers Greek inil ru&ers o( husbandry repoit. There be fome, which making holes in the head wLh a wooden prlcke, or piece of elder Cane, or elfe a Reed fnarpned, bsftow (in place of the Rape") the Gourd feeds. Others there are, which taking up fo many feeds as they can handfomely jetain wich three of the fingers, and perwred into a thin reed, do commit thofe to the earth, wich fofedung covered and laid about, which pra&ife doth even like agree to the former uttered*
The (aid Greek Sotion conimendeth and affi meth, that immediately after the feeds (hall be fown, the foft eartli of the Beds be troden with the feed into (mail and (hallow furrows, and the Beds for three dates ( as if they were negle&ed ) not watered at all but in the fourth day, to be holpen through the fprinckling of water on rhG beds, for fuch wife handled,the blades comming up, will grow ( as he reporteth) the more buth'-e and fairer to the eie, yet if the ownet between fowing and planting, fhall raixe (and with the earth, the blades will ihoot up the fuller and bigger.
The faid worthy Greek Sotion addeth and affiemeth, that if the owner fhall eat a littleCummine feed before bero e,he (hall breath forth no (linking favour at all of the Leek, although hefh dle.ic a great handful! at a time of the Leeks, for by eating of the Cummine feed is the lirong favour extinguifhed or put away.
Here out of Petrus Crefcentius I have added, as a mi iter worthy of the noting, that the Leek feed thrown into aveffell of Wine, caufeth tint the winefowreth not,but rather that Vineger returned! into wine,that is, putteth away all theegerneffe.
This to conclude, conceive that the Leeke in the eighteen day after the fowing, do (hoot and appear ( for the more part) above earth, and do endure for ten years, after which time to yield feeds, and die.
'Ibe Fhjfckj help of Garden Ltekes.
. "T* He Leek, afeer the mind of the ancient, heateth in the third 1 degree, and drieth in the fecond, efpecially, the Garden Leek whofe feeds may well endure to purpofe, for two years.
The worthy Greek Sotion ( of whom we have aforementioned)
utter-
Thefee end part of	8 c
utteretbjinhisfingular precepts and inftruftions of* husbandry, that the Leek bruifed and applyed, do cure the bice of a venemous beaftj fooner then any other medicine, and the feeds of it drunk w.th the liquor of Raifons,do recover and helpe the difficulties of making water.
To thefe,to help and flay the longand old fpittingupof blood, if at convenient times, in two drams of the juyee, with the like waight of the powder of Myrtili berries or Galls, and the meal of Fratikinl'ence, the fame be drunk,
But the fingular Hippocrates willeth the juyee to be minidred without any mixture at all, and for6iddeth the daily, or too much eating of Leeks, in that this not onely harmeth and dulieth the fight of the eyes, but offimdeth the fiomack which ffiall be procured the lefler harmcfull, if fo be the Leek ffiall fo long be boil cd, untill it become as foft (in a manner as a pap, for on fuch wife handled, the fame is fuppofed no lefle to nouriffi then fleffi.
The juyee of the raw Leek is recited and accomptedfwith Pliny") among the venemous matters ; for the report is that A-Iela ( a man of worthy birth) accufed and ffiarply blamed of Tiberias^ for mif-ufing of the office given to him of the Prince,who after falling into mighty defperation, and drinking unto the waight of three filver pence of the juyee of the Leek, dyed immediately without grief of body; but fuch like are rather with filence to be overpaffed, then opened for inftru&ion fake.
But to return to the Phyfick helps: the Leek twice fodden before the eating, draweth down the Termes, precureth Vrine, and ob-taineth a fuperfluous heat: the juyee of the Leek mixed with Vinegar, applyed on the forehead,ftayeth the bleeding of the Nofe: the Leek ealen raw, caufeth vomiting and is venemous, this alfo put* ttth away drunkennefie, being eaten raw.
The juyee of the Leek taken with womans milk, amendeth an old c jugh,and thelllc ms of the lungs: the Leek brujfed and mixed with Salt^applied on evil puffies healeth them:the Leek brought into powder, and tempered with the oyle of Rofes and Vinegar, and dropped ki the earcs, removeth the griefs of them: the fame alfo protiteth in like manner againft the tooth-ach.
The Leek bruifed with hony, and applied, purgeth Ulcers: a plafter made of the fame, and apply on bruifed member,doth not onely «ffwage the fuelling, but removeth the blood clotted.
Z 2	The8 2	The Gardeners Laky rind).
. Thejuyceof it drunk with womans milk, ftaycth the flux of blood after birth, the fame alfo applied with Vinegar, ceafeththe bleeding of the Nofe, if thu fine powder of Frankinfence be added to if, and drawn up by the Nollrils.
. The juyee of the Leek drunk with hony, profiteth againft pains or aches ot the hips: the jnyce of the Leek taken uith hony, reco-yereth all defaults of the bread and Aomack, the fame ceafeth an old cough-,and griefs of c c bread and lungs: and it helpeththe dropfie, through the fundry times taken fatting.
Here I will not omit the pra&ife out of Gakn^ that the Leeks tartnefs may be abated,and to engender the lead wind, if the fame boiled in two waters, the cold liquor in the end m . y be poured forth, and the herb eaten, by which mcanesit i$faid,that ehis ftai-eth the flix of the belly, and to amend a hoarfe voice; yea,through thefoftnefs of it, to make fmooth the roughnelfe of the jawes and mouth.
For to purchafe a clear and founding voice, Nero accnftpmed to cat the Leek with Oyle, in certain dayes of every mone-h,, wben he contended for the Seigmo-ricy of loud pronouncing and uttering of words. At which times,he onely took or eat nothing, faving bread, as Vllny writeth of him, which reporteth this to be meant of the unfet Leek, to which the Prince Nero attributed afingular commendation.
If two parts of the juyee, with a third part-of honey be-mixed applyed into the Noibilg or eares, it doth rrarvelloufly help the grievous pains of the head? the juyee applied up,doth marvelloufly prevaile againft the exulcerations of womens privy places.
? Thefeedgof the Leek bruifed, and drunk either with Cuite or plea fant'white wine, doth loofe thedifficulties of making water, and openeth die urinall padages: the jtiyce of the Leek drunk with wine, doth aid forward the delivery of child? the Leek feeds after the bruifing with 'M vrre in the juyee of Plantain,is very foveraigne forthefpicsing of blood, and daying the bleeding of the Nofe.
? The juyee ot the Leek powred on fueh wounds which are become cold and putrified, doth both cleanfe away the rotten flefh, and curethihe wounds: if the juyee be mixed with the roots of white. Lillies and anointed warm on the hips,it doth fpeedily remove the ache of them : the frefli juyee applyed with fait on the new cuts or wounds, doth incontinent clofe them.I	• ~	\
TheThefecottdpart ef	83
The learned Diofeorides reporteth, that the Leek roovcth and provoketh the venerial aft; the fame with hony, in form of an Eclegma,fucked or Coffered to melt down, clcanferh and amendeth all defaults of the breaft : the fame like ufed, recoverech the wafting of the lungs; yet the Leek often and much at a time ufed,doth burden the ftomack? procureth third, and inflameth the blood.
The commended helps ef the dijljlled wjter of the Leekp.
r | 'He root onely of the Leek being fhred, is to be diftilled in a Tin Limbeck, in the moneth of June.
The water drunk unto the quantity of two ounces at a time both morning and evening, is a foveraigue remedy for the (pic-ting upofcoJd blood: this jlfo is available, being fundry times drunk, for a barrain woman. ’ The .water of the Leek, ftay-[eth bleedingofthe nofe,i^cotten lidped in it be often applyedjthe fame drunk amendeth a coftive
utJij' j dllu	vl LJlv* rl 1 ( l-'LIl*
geth the Kidneycs and bladder, procureth Urin, and expclkth the ftone.
The water fpccdi!jr,healeth wounds, if they be wafted morning and evening with the fame, this alfo prefiteth unto the exulceration and frafture of womens places, which is wont to happen after the delivery of child, if fo be the places be walked with the water, both morning and evening-84	The Gardeners Labyrinth.
Chap. XX.
What skjll and diligence is required in the w or humanly fomng and ordering of rbe Onyon.
THat the Onyons have a body compafled and compaft with many cartilages,there is none (1 beleeve)which knoweth not. The ancient Husbandmen ( a$. witnefleth Columella') named thefe Onyons, becaufe they grew fn one round head together, yet not joyned together with fo many heads rour d about, as the Gar-like, which unto this day is familiarly named the Onyon of- the Husbandmen with us.
The Onyons for the more part opght to be fow in themoneths of JariUary, February^ and March, -in a fat earth, well dunged, moilhaKid diligently trimmed,which (hot up to fome height,ought to be removed in the moncth of Aprill, a good diftance the one from the other, ardthefe further grown, ought carefully to be weeded about, and often laboured tocaufe them grow the bigger, and to defend them (in time of a biuftering wind ) by helps fee a-gainih The worthy Neapolitan Rutilius writeth that the feeds defire to be beftowed in a fat earth, often torned and raked, moift and dunged^and redalfo, as the Greek Sotion in his Husbandry willethrwfcich afore ought to be Caff up,tjhat it may patiifie through thecold andfrofls in the Win er time, ( as the skilful! Columella uttered^ after thefe the'earth to be dunged,and within two dayes after, the ground levelled worth, and call or troden into beds, all the roots and unprofitable herbs afore cleanfed out. Thefe work-manly handled in the moneth of March, being apleafant and a calme day, the South or Eaft-wind ( at that time blowing ) the feeds fiiall workmanly be committed to the earth, with Savery in-termedkd between them ( as Pliny willeth ) for fo'the plants pro-fper the better. The worthy Greek Sotion admonifheth che Gardener which would fet Onyons, to cut away all the hairy roots and tops of the green blades ( before the bellowing) whereby they may grow to big heads. Others there are, which onely pluck away the blades nigh to the root, for on fuch wife they fend the juyee to the nether part/, tocaufe the head grow big: But thefe (after the mind of Rutilius) ought in this manner to be placed or f«t thin in beds,and both raked and weeded (if thefe not ofcen)yet four times'the fecond part of	85;
at the leaft, as Pliny willeth: who alfo taught that the ground 6e digged, and caft up three times before the bellowing of the feeds in the earth.
If the Gardener commit lceds to the earth in the wane or dc-creafe of the Moon, he (hall poffede fmall and fowrerones, if the feeds in the increafe of the Moon, then (trong and big, and of a moifter tad, with the fowrnefs maiftred. But the fame not to be un-remembred or overpafled,that in all the kinds of OnyorTs,the fame (bniewhatlongaud(?/arp,is wont to befo'wrcr-then the round,' and the red one more then the green, and the raw more then the boiled, the frefli alfo, more then that feafoned or powdered with ialt, or the fodden one.
The Gardener or owner (hall poflede far greater Onyons, if • when there is a place or room for the fett.ing again, they be layed in earth wall laboured for twenty dayes fpace,and fb long left drying againft the fun, untill all the moifture be gone or drawn fo'nh by the heat of the fan,after the inftru&ion of the worthy Greek So-thn, which Ruellius (out of Palladios) feemeth greatly to miilake, inthac he aferibeth the fame to be done tothe Dill, and not the Onyons, whofe heads may alfo be bared, by plucking off the up.
, per skin,before the fetting again in the earth,do profperthe better, and yield the bigger feed?,if they be fet in the earth well a h inds breath afunder.
The heads to be eaten before the full ripcnef$,that thefe may be the fweeter, ought rather to be ibwn in a inoili ground,among, the youi.g plants of the Cucumberr, Gourds and Melones.
If the owner will rightly pofTeffe, and gather theTeeds :n due feaion,when the green ilems are fhot'up high, and yield big heads, , they are then to be guided with two fmall forks of wood, fixed on either fide (as Columella willeth) that the flems, through the (hues' (hoaring them upright, may not in any big winde knock the heads together, to the fpiifing and lofle of the feeds theearth, which are not afore to be gathered, that they enjoy a black c.olour, as after the Greeks, Columella and Rutilius likewife qtcercd.
The Hems and knops, in which the feeds are Con;ainefh ought to be gatered in the increafe or the wane of the Moon, in a fair and warm time, when the leaves or blades begin of themfelves to wi~ ther,anddry, and thattne feeds begin to appear black of them* felves3 for then ought, the ftetns to be plucked up by the roots,
which8 6	The fécond part of
which knit together in forme of Garland*, or otherwife bound up, to be laid in the fun to dry and ripen. The Onyons will continu» long uncorrupted ( as the faid Sotion hath noted ) if fo the Onyons be put into*water, or ( as Tliny willeth ) into a laity and warm water, and after laid in the hot fun, until they be through drie, which let be hidden or covered with Btrly ftraw, and in fnch manner bellowed, that neither touch other by any part. In many places, the Onyons being hanged in the fmoke andin chirnnics near to the heat of fire, and in fuch wife preferve them along time.
The ancient and skilfull writrsof Husbandry titter, that if the Gardener would poflefle Onyons of a wonderful bignefs in the head, the feedsof the Onyons irtift be put within the feeds of Gourds, which fo handled, bellow in moilt beds, well turned in dung, into a like bignefs will the heads of the Onyons increafe, if the earth digged round about, the fmali heads of the Onyons, in the heaving or lifting of the earth, lhall be lifted up, yet in fuch manner done, that the heads not quite raifed out of the earth or plucked up by the ^oots, as I afore uttered to be wrought with the Leek. The like alfo (hall the owner obtain, if boaring the head of an Onyon with a wooden pricke in fundry places, and putting into the holes Gourd feeds, he bellow them together in a well laboured earth.
But in this place I thought not to omir,that if the Gardenerfhal commit the feeds of the Onyons in due time to the earth, they will after grow iilto a head, but they (lull yield lefs (lore of feeds. But if thé Gardener fhill bellow little heads on the ground, the heads Yvil after wither and wax dry, and be (hot up into a round ftem.
To thefe I add, that the Onyons plucked out of the ground and lying upon the earth, or hanged up in ropes, do continue longer found in'the Aire: but if we may credit Ariftotle^ in the fumnaer Solstice, thefe, as the Penny-royal, and many other herbs, do at the fame time flourrfh, which may be as if they were of a doubtful life, that one while taking nourifhment out of the earth, and another while from the Aire. But the Onyons lightly bud and (hoot out, not being in the earth, and fend forth faire green blades by occaiion of the moiUnre in the heads^but after tfieftcm lhall be full (hot out, the heads wither.
To which Plinj wrote, that the Nuts be contrary, in that thefe
doThe fecond part of
do abate the ftrong favour of the Onyon. I read that many skilful Gardeners ufed to fow the Onyons and Garlike near to Garland flowers (but efpecally the Rofe) to procure them to yield a Tweeter favour j and the fame done by counfell of the ancient and the Worthy Pliny, which in my opinion, deterveth to be followed.
Truely, this one thing is greatly to be marvelled at, that the Onyon alone ofall herbs as Plutarch writeth,recciveth no damage of the Moon, and hath contrary vertues of encreafing and dimi-niftung to her, for the Onyon becometh green, and buddeth forth in the wane or laft quarter of the Moon : contrary-wife Ihe encrca-fing of light, the Onyon then withereth and rotteth.
For which caufe, the Egyptian Priefts in time paft, refufed the Onyon in their Religious meats, where otherwife, Fruits, Herbs, Trees, and Beafts, receive a damage or diminifhing and increaling through the occafion of this Starre, Co that the Onyon onely obey-eth unto the contrary tu nes of the Moon, whofe prefervingunto the Wintertime, Columella prepared after this manner : he chofe the Onyons or Scalyons (that are all alike ) which be not budded forth, or that green blades appeared, and thefe dryed afore in the hot fun, after which cooled again in the fhadow, by ftrewing upon Time or Savory, he then laid them by courfes,with either of thefe ftrewed between in an earthen pot, and by powring the liquor upon, which was three parts of Vineger, and one of brine: he ftrewed then a good handfull of Savery (in fuch manner ) that the Onyons were couched or prefied under the liquor, which when they had drunk up the liquor, and feemed to lye dry,he poured upon and filled che vetfel with the like mixture, and in an apt plaee fee the pot to preferve them to ufe.
This one thing I will not omit, although the fame may feems childilh, in that it is noted by the learned man Cato, who writeth, that the letters drawn and written with the jayce of the onyon are invifible, which then Ihew and appear evidently, when the paper Hull be he j ted at the fire: to conclude,the Onyon* fet in the midle of Auguft in a redearth, do yield the year following their high fteras and feed, but the worfer will thofe be, which are bellowed in the earth, to ferve green in the Lent time.ss
The fecond of
'Xbt PhyficI^ commodities of the Onyon.
Lthough the worthy Greek Hippocrates more commended the
fight, then the eating of the Onyon, faying that the fame in fight to be good and in body evilljforalsnuch as it is hot and burning : yet I purpofe here to treat fomewhat of the Phyfick benefits of the Onyort,and of thefe, part faithfully gathered out of the Greek, and parroutof the Latin Writers, as well Phyfi.ians, as cunning and mod diligent fearchers of husbandry fecrets.
The Onyon hath thè property of heating in the fourth degree,, and of a gruffer fubflance, as Galen witneffeth.
The Greek Sotim{ both husbandman and Phyfitian) is Author, that if àny (hall daily eat the tender Onyon falling with* hony, it (hall maintain the continuance of health : the faid Author repor-tethbefides, that thè fame recovereth and cureth Ulcers : to thefe, that it removeth th? foul fpots on the body, being diligently rubbed with it in the Sun,'and to profit the cares running, by dropping the juyee into them. The fame anointed, helpeth the fwel-Iings in the throaty and thefe rolled under hot embers, and eaten with oyle,dó helpe the cough.
The Onyon after the rotting eaten with hony, doth remove the grief ofanevillftomack.sthe Onyon eaten raw harmeth the mem-beu, in that it too much drieth the moifture of the body : the onyon alfo eaten raw procureth a rough throat, and fweliech the fio-mack : the onyon notwithftanding applied with Vinegar on Piles, doth in fhorteime open them : the juyee of the onyon is profitably anointed with honey, for the clearing of the eyes, and both remo,* veth the pin and web, and amendeth the blood-fhotten eyes : the juyee anointed on a bald place, recòVereth the haires fhed away.
There be which'affirm, that the green Onyon applied with Vi-neger doth helpe the bite of a mad Dog within ithree dayes, but I rather fuppofe that the juyee added with Rue, Salt, and hony,and ' after the beating together wot kmanly applied, to perforine the fame: the often eating of the onyon, harmeth the cholerick, by procuring them hotter and drierinltomack : but this is to great purpofe unto the flegmatick, in that it cutteth afunder, and con-furneth the fuperfluous humours in them.. w The Onyon rolled in embersàand applyed with barly meal,doth
flayThe Gardeners Labyrinth.	8p
flay the dropp’ng of the eies, and help the Ulcers of the privities: the juyce befides dropped with moraans milke into theeare^isfaid to amend the paine and noife of the eares. Which alfo many have given to perfons fbddenly fwollen, by the drinking of water: and they have profperoufly given the Onyon to fuch as are molefttsd with theperillous &\xx.~Djf nUrij: and thefe applyed., have marvel-loufly profited the griefs of the Ioynes, and the jtljrce of them %vith the juyce of Fennel, expelleth the water beginning betweene the ffefh and skin, which together with the Rue and Honey, reco-vereth the down right (lumbering and deeping, and with Raifons or Figs, applyed on impoftumes, both ripeneth and fjxedily open-etfi them.
The Onyons after the rolling under hot embers eaten both morning and evening, not onely help the pains of the bread, but caufe an eafie (pitting up of groflTe humours, and purge the ftomack : the Onyon after the mixing with honey and fait, applyed on warts, doth make them fpeedily fall off even by the roots.
If the Onyons be often tiled through theirTharpnefle, they ingender in the ftomackc evill humours, procure third, dwellings, and windinefle: yea, caufe head ach,and to become foolifh, through the fume fide of them afeending to head, and harme the Braine:for tvhich caufe, the daily and too often ufrng hinders reafon,and procures terribkdreames, if fobe a weak perfon newly crept out of ficknefle (hall much eat of them S but efpecially r'aw, in that thefe give no nourifhment to the body.
I add out of Gulerti that if the Onyons (hall be twice fodden,each Water feparated, and in the third water boyle, to give a very good nourifhment to the eater, being boiled with a fat flefh, and other pleafant fpicesadded,yee are they weaker then the green in wprk-ing, although the evilneffe of the juyce be no longer remaining, nor felt.
The raw Onyon moderately ufed, according to the rule of Phy-flck, heateth and cutteth afunder grofte and clammy humours,ope-neth the waies of the Vaines, provoketh the Termes and Urine,and increafeth the appetite : the jayce alfo drawn up by the Noitrils, or the favour received by the Nofe,purgeoh marveiloufly the head.
The Onyon is better commended to be eaten, then the favour allowed, in that the perfon which daily eateth of the young and tender Onyons with hony faftingafball continue a long time in per-fit health and ttrength.	A a 2,	Thepo	The Gardeners Labyrinth.
The juyce removeth the white fpotg as wel on the face,as body : the juyce applyed with Hens greafe, healcth the kybs, galling of the heeles by a ftraight fhooe : the juyce mixed with Hens greafe and anoined, removeth the red and wan fpots of the face : the O-nyon bruifed with vinegar, and anointed on fcabbed places, both healeth and caufeth a clear skin j theonyons after the boiling in wine or water,fried in oyle, and in plaifter forme under the Navel, affwageth the painfull gripinge and flux, happening to women in childe bed : the Onyons rolled under hot embers, and mixed with levenand oyle of Lillies, and applied in plaifter forme on impo-ftumcs, l'peedily breaketh and procureih them to run.
The commended vertues of the dill tiled water ofthe Onyons.
THe meft chofen and apteft time for the diftilling of Onyons* is in the firft moneth of Harveft, for then ought the roots to be Ihred and workmanly diftllled: this water drunk fouo or five times unto the quantity of two ounces at a time, recovereth the fwelfing caufed by the bite of a mad dog, or other beaft 5 ihe fame drawn up by the Noftrils, alfwageth the grievous pain of the head:^ the water helpeth the ach and pain of the teeth, if they be either rubbed or walked with the fame: this alfo caufeth hairs to grow in any bald place of the head, if the fame be anointed with it: the drinking the water expelleth wormes.
Chap. XXI.
What fare, skill, andfecrets to be learned in the [owing and ordering both of lejfer3 and greater Garlik^,
THeGarlike much defired, and often of the Husbandman with fat beefe, and other foddcn meates, joyeth in'an earth efpecially white, diiigenty digged and laboured without any dung bellowed, in it, whofe cloves broken off from the head, ought to be bellowed on the borders of beds round about, well a hands breath afunder, about the fame time when the onyons are; and thefe with the beds or little ridges made (in
formeThefecondpaH of	pi
form to fuch in the field) to be high raifcd; whereby the plant* coming may the letter be harmed with the Ihowres falling, and the natural! moifture confiding in the earth. The cloves let in the ridges and borders of the beds may not be deep, nor the earth railed on them like to hillocks (as many do) but in an even manner, and unto the middle joynts bellowed, which when they fhall have ye«l* ded or lent up three blades, theB thefe to be diligently weeded a -bout, for through the often doing they incteafe the better, alid yeeld a bigger head.
Th. Neapolitaue Rutilius (writing of the garlike in his Inftru-ttions of Husbandry) willeth that the feeds to be committed to the earth in the moneths. of November, D member, Ianuary and February, in a ground well digged and laboured, and the fame white, without any dung bellowed in it, befides the earth the fame time indifferent drie, and in a warms day: for the feeds on fuch wife handled, are caufed to profper and yeeld the better. Although the learned flinie feemeth to write that the feeds bellowed in the earth doe flowiy come up, whereby thefe in the firft yeare onely yeeld a head no greater then a Leeke, bat in thefecond yeare they" grow divided, and in the third yeaie come to their full growth and perfection, and filth fome fuppofe to be the fairer and feemlier.
The feeds of the garlike with us, better agree to be bellowed in the moneths of September, Oftober,Februarie and March, in a earth white, indifferent dry,and well laboured .without danging.' If any happen to remane in beds (as ft«/i//a/reporteth) after the leedes fully ripe an gone, thofe then renew in the yeare following of the owne accord, both in the roote and blade, yeeld feedes the fame yeare, which,may after be fowne in well laboured beds, to fend forth green Garlike; if the owmer would pofTefiTe Garlike both great and big in the head, then before the fame be Ihot up into a llem he mud workman-like, tie all the tops of the green blades to an other growing next to it, which after tread foftly down with the fees.
The worthy Rutilius willeth, that when the ftemme beginneth to appeare,to cover the fame with earth after the treading downe, which in luch manner to forefee, that it increafe not intp a bulh, or many blades, this fo handled in the hard treading down, to be daily applied that the juice may run to the root,and caufc the head
topi	the fecond fart &f
to wax he bigger. The like of which Plinie in his firfl: time expe-ii^nced.The worthy	his Greek obfervations of Husban-
dry,and alfo Rutilius with certaine others report, that if the cloves of Garlike heads be committed to the earth, and the like pulled out of the ground, when the Moon (hall bt defcendfng and under the Horizon (as hid to us) that the (linking favour will (in a manner) be diftinguifhed, fo that the breath of the eaters, fhall very little be felt; which Plinie feemeth fomewhas otherwife to utter, inftilifting that the heads (unto the fame purpofe} ought to be bellowed when i he Moon fhall be under the earth, and to be gathered when the Moon (hall be in conjunftioa with the Sun.
The laid Greek Sotion feemeth coaffirme,that the Garlike heads may be caufed to grow fvveet of favor,if in the letting the kernels of Olives (after the joyning with them) be bellowed together in the earth, or the (harper ends blunted on fome done,and then committed to the earth, or elfe in the fetting, that Iie3 of the Olives be bellowed with the cloves* The lingular Vidimus (Ruellius noting the fame)utcereth,or rather Sation (as the Gtcck Copy fheweth) that the lo-athfomenelTe or llinking favour by the eating of Garlikc-heads is aboliH ed, or put away, if the green and raw bean be foon after eaten: Others there are, which will the root of the Beet to be e ten, after the rofling under hot enibers, affirming the fame to bediifficient to remove the Itrongfavor : Alfo with the like remedy A-Unandvr one of the Greeke writers witnefletb, as Plinie writeth of him,the favor tobe diifembledand [hid. Our later writers of Htisbandryand Phyfick report, that the ranke favour of Garlike may be extinguiffied , with the onely eating of greene Parity -blades.
The commodloufer and apter time for the gathering of the Garlike-beads, is in thedecreale or wane of the Moon, the day - being dneand faire, when the blades be withered, that they leant ©r hangdowne.
Many of the ancient Writers of Husbandry utter, that ths Garlike heads will endure a long time, and be to better purpofe afeer-waids, if they be cither hid in chaffe, or after the tying together hanged up in the fmoke* There be others which after the infufion of the heads awhile in warm fait water, and letting them dry, do likewife hide them in chaffe.
But the heads handled after either manner,do for tho more part
remaineThe Gardiners Labyrimh.	™
remaine barren, or profper not after the beftowingin the earth: Toother* it was diffident to have dried them overthe heat of th« fire, that they might after grow. The leai ned Flinie uttereth , that thofe heads of Garlike be of a fbwre tafi, which poflfcfie the more cloves round about, and he addeth that no mote lothfomenefle or ftrongnefleof favour doth confift in them after the Teething, then in the onion like ordered: Nor he cmitteth not, that the Garlike heads afore eaten to be inftead of the white Neefivort for the Pio-ners, if they mind to avoid and efcape the hazard of death. There is pother wild Garlike which the Greeks name, Ophiofari-d’tty in Ei *ifh, Ratnjreiy growing of the owne accord in the fallow fields, through which the Kines milke by feeding onthegreene blades, is caufed to favour of the Garlike, yea, thecheefe made of the fame milke, doth render in the eating the like rankneffe of favour. The Husbandmen name this both the wild and Serpentine Garlike.
This Garlike on fuch wife boiled, that it may not grow again?, and bellowed In beds,doth greatly avail againlt the harm of birds to feds, as afore is uttered in my firft part, there writing, that the fame of Flinie is named Alum. B it here eometh to mind a marvellous matter, not to be over-qpafied, which is, that neither (he Wea-fel, or Squirrel, will after the tailing Garlike, pit fume to bice any fowles, by which praftice, Puihts and other towles in the right being fpri:.k!-d over with the liquorof the Garlike, may tedefen-ded from haim of either of thefe.
There is yet a nutter more worthy the remembrance, and (he fame far marvelloufcr, which Velateranw uttereth, thar in bis time hapned a husbandman to deep open-mouthed in the field by a haycock, caft up in the harveft time, which when he had uuwittily differed an Adder to creep into his body, with the eating inconti- ^ nent of Garlike heads, was (as by a certain preparation againft ' poifbn) delivered, yet the venome and death of the Adder eonfifi-iag or remaining within the body diftilled and filed forth in coeating, a matter to be marvelled at of the wife.
But this alfb is marvellous in the Garlike, that if it be boyled with a fait liquor, the fame doth effe&uoufly ddlroy the mites or little wormes in either peafonsor beanes, fo that the wails or floores of the barnes be wet with this mixture. Here slfo I thought not to overpaffe the marvellous difeord of the Adamant-£4	T/?e GardencrsLabyrintb.
ftone and Garlike, which the Greeks name to be an Anttpathia9 or naturall contrarify between them, for fuch is the hatred or con-trariry between thefe two bodies, (lacking both hearing and feel-ling) that the Adamant rather putteth away, thendraweth to it Iron, if ihe fame afore be rubbed with Garlike, a8 Plutarchus hath noted, and after him Claudius Ptolmtut} which matter examined by divers learned, and found the contra rie, caufed them to judge that ihofeskilfull men (especially Ptolomie) meant the fame to be done with the Egyptian Garlike •, which Diofenridts wrote to be fmall Garlike, and the fame fweetintaft, poffeflingA beautifull head,tending unto a purple colour. There be which Stci ibute the fame to Opb'iofcorido, which A itonihs Microphonius Biturix9 a lingular learned man, and well pra&ifed in fundry skills, uttered this approved fecret to a friend whom he loved: And the fame as lift fhall here be placed, that divers Garlike heads hanged on the branches or trees, doe drive farre off birds from the fpoiling of fruits as the like Democritus noted in the Greek Inllru&ions of husbandry.
That ihebig Garlike named of certain skilfull Authors,* he Africa Ga»like,is of a far bigger increafe then the Garden garlike with us, which the worthy Greek Sjtion9ColumeUa3 and Rutiliuj inftruft, that the cloves to be broken from the head, and bellowed in a white ground, well laboured and drefled without any dung , and fet in high ridges of bed?, to the end the naturall moifture of the earth, nor fliowres falling may offend.
The time commended for fePting of the cloves is in the mor e'.hg of January, February, and March, but fome will to bellow them in the earth, from thebeginning of O£tober,untotheendof November, well a hand bredth a funder, and unto the middle joynt«,or rathet a finger deep in theearth, which growne up to fome height, to be often weeded about, and the earth diligently raked, whereby the plants may the better profper.
Thefe further growne up, the skilfull teaeb,fco tie the tops of the blades by two and two together,which done, to tread the blades down with the foot, that the juyee by the fame meanes may run to the reot to increafe the heads bigger»
The other inftru&ions needfully to be learned, may the owner conceive by the former taught of the garden Garlike, which for thePhyfick benefits deferveth a place in every ground, efpeeially in the Husbandmans garden.	7heThe fecond fart of
The Phjfick^belps and Commoditiet of tht Garlik£.
T He learned Plinie feemeth to me, not to have un.dvifedly written, that the Garlikedoth ferve unto many ufes in Phy-fick,and to the Husbandman efpecially is profitable, for which eaule of fundry it is rightly named the Husbandmans Triacle» This (according to the agreement of the. skilfull) heateth and drieth in tl^Hourth degree, the Onion, Garlike} and Leek, (as the skilful JEginetamtntffethin hi* firft Book) indued ivith a fow;e vertue, doth heat the body, extenuate and cut the grolfe humors in the fame, yet the Cholerick ought to beware that they dee noe too often eat the Garlike efpecially in the Summer time, and hot feafons, for at luch times the Garlike inflameth and drieth the body, and increafeth both the red and a dull Choller: The worthy Greek Sotion (principall of the Writers of Husbandry) writeth that the garlike eaten with nteat,or hanged againft the region of the ftomack, doth cxpell worms in the body, and applied in plai-iter form, prevaileth againft the bite of either Snake or Adder,The heads burned and mixed with honey, and the fame applied 4 doth remove the black and blew fpots, and caufe a fair colour.
The garlike eaten, putteth away the inward fwelling of the body, foftneth and openeth Impofthumes, and draweth forth matter, being.afore fodden and applied thereon.
If the head be annointed with the juice of garlike, itkilleth both lice and nits: The garlike alfo is drunke to great purpoie, wich the deco&ion of Organy , as Viofcorides witnefleth againft lice and nics of the head»
The heads eaten do move urine, and are luppofed to amend the defaults of the kidneyes, and a clove holdenin the mouth, ceafeth the tooth-ach, proceeding of a cold caufe.
Theafhesof the Garlike heads after, the mixing with honey, annointed, ftayech the fhedding of haiie; in the fame manner uled amendeth the faults, or fpots of theskinne: If the alhes be ftrew-ed on foule ulcers which are open, it fpeedily cureth them.
The alhes of the heads after the diligent mixing with honey, and may butter, annointed, doth in fhort time remove the foule fcabs,and Leprie, and cleareth the skinne, if the fame be daily
Bb	ex veiledp6	'the fecond part of
txercifed in the bath or hot-houfe.
The Garlike tenderly iodden and eaten, procureth a chare voyce, and rccovereth an old cough, and correfteth the ftomack cooled, the fame mightyly dricth up the moyfture of the ftomacke.
If any fhall afore eat of the garlike« he flaall not be endamaged by the bit of a veneraous wormeor Serpeir,the Garliite bruifed and applied on the bite, doth fpeedely cure it.
And the fame in thefc marveIous(as writeth the skilfull Serapio) that although the heads eaten, doth helpc the found fight of the eyes, yet doe thefe comfort and relieve the dulnefle of fj^pt,through the moifture confifting in them .The boiled heads eaten with oyl & fait, do cure the mattering and bieak jng forth of whelks, and re-move both pimples and tetters: As well the raw as boyled heads eaten, do remove an old cough ; but the boyled heads eaten are far more profitable then the raw, and likewife the fodden , then the rolled, and on fuch wife to the voyce they do more profic and help .* The perfon which fhall afore have eaten fundry garlike heads, if he happen after to drinkpoifon,(hallnot be harmed by it.
The heads with the green blades boyled in wine and drunke, doth not only move urine, but procureth the Terms, and draweth downe the after-burden , if tho belly afore be annointed with it; the like alfo may a fmoke of the garlike procure, if a woman fitting in a hollow chaire, and covered elofe about with clothes, reeeiveth the fume. The garlike bruifed with the fig-tree leaves, and Camomil flowers by a like quantity, and applied in plaiiter-form, doth care the bite of a road dog, or other bead.
The perfon which weakly dilgefteth meat eaten , through the coldnefle of the ftomack, fhall find great help through the fundry times eating of the fodden herbs with oyl and vinegar.
Paxagitras uled the garlike in wine againft the Kings evill.
Hippocrates fuppofeth the after burden to be dratyne downe through the fitting over the fmoke, and Diodes, frenfie perfons they do greatly help, if they after the boyling fhall be eaten, and the fame the dropfie perfons, boyled with Centoriej asd the gar* like eaten, ftayeth the flux of the belly, which theskilfull report, the green more effe&uoufly to perform, bruifed and drunk in pure wine with Coliander.
For an old cough proceeding of a cold caufe, let the foies of the
feelThe Gardener/ Labyrinth.
feeet, palmes of the hands, and chine of the back be diligently an-noynted with Birrowesgreafc, finely tempered with three heads of garlike clean pilled.
The Garlike eaten with frefh butter, or applied in plaifter form on the ftomack,, doth in fhort dine kill the worms in chrN dren.
The Garlike boyled. with vinegar, and drunk with water and honey, expelleth the broad worms in the body, and ail other harme-full creepinAthings in the bowclls; the heads boyled with oyle and appliOT in plaifter form , doth cure the bite of venemwns things, in what part foever the fame happeneth.
The harmes and fwellings of the bladder, are removed with this cyntment,if it be fundry rimes applied without.
The garlike boiled with milk, and eaten,doth heale the ulcers of the Lung«.
The garlike boiled with Cenforie in wine, and fiindry times drunk, removeth the dropfic gathered of a cold caufe. The garlike bruifed and mixed with Coliander, and on fiieh wife taken with wine, helpeth the grief of the Lungs, and difficultie of the urine : The heads boiled and bruifed with beans, and tempered either with oyle Olive, or oyle of Poppy, and of the fame an oyntmene made, removerh head-ach, anno nted on the temples.
There is no better thing for the tooth-ach proceeding of a cold caufe then to wafh and retaine for a time, the decottion of the garlike, three cloves bruifed in vineger, which undoubtedly ceafeth the paine.
The heads alfo boyled with vineger and Nitre, do remove the itch and taken in a white-buoth, ceafeth the grievous pain of the going often toftoole. A garlikehead after the boylingin fwette wine,with a fulfe-pennie waight of Benjamin drunke,doth in fhorc time expell the quartaine.
The fame bruifed and mixed with frefh butter, profiteth very much the pipps of hens and cocks.
The p.rion haidly making water, and fubjeft to the ftone (hall greatly be cafed of the grfevons paine, by eating of garlike fundi ie times.
The worthy Gj/e«uttcreth, that the heads tenderly boyled in two or three waters, dq remove the fowernefie of them, but thefe then yeeld a-very fmall nourifhment, in refpeft of the raw eaten with vinerar*	B b 2p8
The Gardeners Labyrinth.
The inconveniences of Garlikf out tf Pliniei
HPHe defaults of the Garlike are (a*P/h»e writeth) that it dul-*'*- leth the fight, caufeth windinefle, harmeth the Itomack , and much at a time eaten, caufeth thirfl.
So that for all caufes it is better commended fodden then raw, and boy led then rolled.
The Garlike boyledand rolled, brought to fine Atvder with Maflick and Pcllitorie,if the mouth be walhed with tnc fame de-coftion,doth marvelloufly help the tooth-ach.
The Garlike profiteth crafts mcn,husbandmen,and the Flegma-tlck, and thofe which for the more part drink water, and both ale cold meats, and hard of difgeftion.
The Garlike availeth againft the infe&ions of waters, mutation of places, and other contagious aires (which haliily annoy) by the eating afore of it in fufpeft places.
As touching the djfrica Garlike, the lame may ferve unto all the difeafes and griefs in a manner, which tofore are written of the garden Garlike.
7be commended vertues of tbedijiilled water of Garlike,
THe heads with the green blades finely fhred, ought to be diftil.
led in the Canicular, or Dogge-dayes, in the Tinne Limbeck. This diftiiled water helpeth the fwellings in the throat, if a linnen cloath wet in the fame be workman-like applied and drtinke, unto the quantity of two ounces at a time, or gargelled fo often in the mouth and throat, until the patient be better amended.
The water drunk every morning falling, unto the quantity of two ounces at a time,doth marvelloufly amend the green ficknefle, and ftvelling of the Spleen, being ufed for twelve or fourteen days fpace.
The water alfo drunk, profiteth unto all the laid ficknefles and griefs, which tofore are uttered of the blade and roote.99
Thefecond part ef Chap. XXII
If bat safe and skill is required in the (erring <*nd erdering both of the Scalioii and Sqttile Orjn.
THe Scalions better profper and come up, being fet then fown, for when they are committed to the earth in the feeds, the owner may net hope fora feemly growth of them, before the fe. cond ycare. The owner may bellow the Scalions in well drelled beds, trem the beginning cf November, untill the end of February, for to enjoy the proper yield the next Spring following: and they require to be likewife fet in the ground ( as afore taught) to theGarlike. Butthey are to be plucked up to life, before that the March violets be in their full pride ai?d flourish: for if tbefebe longer fuffered, as unto the time of the perfit flourifhing of the violet«) they are then found feeble and withered. And for to know when the Scalions are ripe, it behove: h the Gaidener to marke wherher the blades beneath be w ithered; for on fuch wife feen,denotech the full ripeneflTeof them. And to pofleffe Scalions with big heads, it behoveth t e Gardiner to beftow round about the roots foftCow dung,and towater them often,i\ hich grown to areafonable heigtb, he nmft alfo tread down and order as afore uttered in the ufing of the Leek.
The Squill onycn better commeth forward in the Garden being fee with the head, then lown in the feed, for when the letd? are jconxnitted to the Earth, they yield flowly theip feemely bulMand heads.
The otvner may bellow the heads of Squi lonyon« irf well laboured and drelled beds, fo that the ground be of a drie nature, and tendingunto a faltnefs, whether gravelly or Tandy, for they delire a like diligence to be bellowed on them, as is afore uttered of the Onyon and Garlike.
The ancient and latter writers report, that there are two kindes of the Squill onyon, as the Male and Ferrall, the Male yeelding whire leaves, and theFemall black. This ftrong by nature, will continue in the hanging up;(in a lhadoyvie place)« longtime green, and it lightly groweth (as 2beophraflus writeth ) belloWcd in drie earth, and fpeedily Ihooteth up to a heigeb, it keeptth fruits to be
B b 3	Fc-too	The fecond part of
preferved, efpccially Pomegranets, the ftalks afore broken off :and this is (aid to bsare flowre thrice in a yeare, ture-lhswing by it, the three feafonsofcominitting feeds to the earth, as the firittimeof hearing flawers, to fignifie the firft time of plowing, the fecond time ot Bower bearing, the fecond time j the third, the laft time: lor how m my times thele appear,even fo often is the earth accufto-med to'be laboured.
The flo wer alfo of the Squill onyon ( a« Beritius writeth ) (hooting up in a ftraight ftem, if fo be it doth not haflily wither, (igni-fkti the large or plentiful] yield of fruits.
7bs Thyficke helps both of the Scalion and Squill Onyon,
AS touching the benefit of the Scalions, there is no other aide nor profit to be hoped after, faving that the fie yield a more delight in the mouth, then the health of the bt die, for theScali-gns iej ve to no other pui pofe, than to llir up or move perfons unto the Vcneriall aft.
The Squill onyon hath the vertue of heating in the fecond degree, and cutting efpecially of the tough matter in the ftomack. The Squill onyon ufed raw,is very hurtfull to the body, efpeci-1 ally to the inward members or partsj for which caufe, eheSquil onyon is not inwardly to be taken,except t heyafore be cither rolled jEpbr boiled, or by fome other manner prepared.
The worthieft force of the fame in medicines is, by fharpening it efpecially with Vineagar, for which caufe. (being fo prepared) is named the Squillitick Vinegar, the making of which is after this -mann&Pi:^
Taks the heads clean pilled from the outward skinnes, thole ( after the Ih.reddiog) hang in a funny place,being ditched thiough with fnull packthreed (in fuch manner ) chat the parts be a pretty diftance a funder, which like htndled, let hang for forty dayes fpace.
The dry pieces after beftowinto a hogfhead of moft fharpe Vinegar, but in fuch manner, that thefe of no part touch the veffel. The hoglhead after covered fo clofe, that no vapours may breath forthj and fee into the hot fun.
9fi‘ter the forty feven day,let the vellel be lifted up,and the pieces taken forth, which done, the owner fliall then poffeffe a moll fharpthe Gardiners Labyrinth.	ioi
There are others, which make the Squillitick Wine after this, manner: the pieces of it flared, they beftowinto aveflelof wine new made (that being put in ) it may on fuch wife heat together and they ufe this wine to thofe purpoles, as the Vinegar.
The Phyflck commodities of the Squill onyon are ( as the learned Conflaruincj in his Book degradibut uttereth ~) to amend the dropfie perfons, fuch feiching the wind hardly, the defaults »»fthe Liver and Milt proceeding of clammy humours.
The perfons lick of the Ague, and having exulccrations or or-fes within the bodie, ought to refraine the taking of the Squilli-- ticke vinegar. For the Squillitick vinegar cr wine, purgeth gruffe fLgme, and Corodeth procureth the going to the ftoolc, and urine, and caufeth vomiting.
The fquiil Onyon ( after the mind of T>iofcoridej ) is rolled after this manner, this wroi ghtinpafteorclay is fee in to an Ove n, or covered with coles, untill the pad e or cruft about it be lufficiendy baked, which drawn or taken forth, if the head be yet not l'uffici-ently loftr <d, then after rhe covering of it with pafte, the fecund time, and fee ic in an Oven, b-ik« the fame throughly.
The onyons are alfo kindly baked or rolled in an earthen pot, the mouth well Hooped wi h dow or ccurle paftc, and fee into the Oven.
Thisbefides cut into round pieces, and afeer the Hitching through with Paft tnreed, that thefe be a pretty diflance afunder, hang in the aire from the fun beames, for on fuch wife handled, ic fervech to the making of the oyle, vinegar and wine.
The Angular Diofcoridts teacheth the manner of boiling the Squill onyon, after this fort: Take the middle parts (the outward skins pilled away ) which after the flycing into parts and boiled, throw the Hrft water forth, on which powre other water, boiling in like condition: and this lo often doe, untill no more bitter-nefle nor tartneffe in the water be felt, after thefe, the dices hanged up, and dried in the fhadow, as above uttered, which done, if hälfe a dram of the fine powder be fucked downe with Hony, the fame amendeth the long continuance of the hard fetching of breath, an old cough, and the griefs both of the Liver and Mil.*’, yea the dropfie and Jaundife. The like woikcth the fquillicick Vinegar, and the fame expellcth wormes, and other corruptions in the body.
The102	The Gardener/Labyrinth.
The 0ximeltna.de of the fquillitick vinegar, expelled melan-eholly, removeth the Appplexie and falling fickneflTe,breaketh and fended forth the ftone,thefamealfo purgeth the Matrice of clammy humours, and helpeththe ache in the Hips» The Squillitick vinegar jafteneih the teeth, by fundry times waging and rubbing ofthem with it, and amendeth a ftinking breath.
The fame dropped into the eares,removeth the clammy humours hindering the hea ing. The oilein which the fquill onyon fha'l be fteeped, anointrd on places, putteth away warts, and cureth both the chape and clifts of the feet: the fame annointed onmoiftor runningIcabs, healed ( or at theleaft ) corre&eth them, putteth away the dandtie of the head, and profited anointed on the bite of Serpents, and other venemous wormes.
The fquill onyon containeth in it an oyle which is black : this oyle tempered with honey, and annointed on a ball place, procured haire to grow. The fquillitick vinegar holden in the mouth, amendeth ti e corrupted and foul gums. The fame ufed, procured a clearer fight of the eyes y healthful and profi able it is to the griefs of the Tides and ftomack, if a little be taken twice a day, but haftily drunk down, it overcometh the party for a while.
The fquillitick onyon boiled in wine and drunk, expelleth all the inward difeafes of the body, and helped efpecially a hot and corrupt Liver.
The fquill onyon prepared in the abovefaid manner,and boiled %vid Worm-wood and Maftick in water and Vinegar,- and fweet-ned with Sugar, helped unto the Hopping of the Tiver and Milt, recovered the Kings evil and dropfie,mightily caufeth urine,draw-eth down the termes, and expelleth the dead youngling. If Mice happen to drinke of the water in which the fquilitick onyon fhall be fteeped for a night, they foon after dye.
Tdirtilled water of the fquil onyon, mixed with meale which Mice willingly eat, and bellowed in fuch places where they haunt, doth in Ihort time kill thofe which eat of the fame.
Chap,Th$ fcccad part )f	103
Chap. XXIII.
What caro md skill is required in the preparing and ordering of the Garden Saffron.
A S touching the Garden Saffron, it joyeth to be* bellowed in Jli a mean and chalkie ground, and evermore well laboured,and it may very well be fet in the beds, where the onions have been newly plucked up. The Saffron refufeth watering and raoiflure, for which caufe the heads ought to be fet in beds, between which furrowes be made, thafi thefe may receive the moillure falling, which they greatly feare. Bcfides thefe the heads are greatly iu-• damaged through the refort of mice, and moles, which gre.fy covet to feed on the roots or onions of the Saffron.
The remedies againft thefe two noyous bealls, are fully taught in my full part, which the Reader may refort unto.
The heads are rathar to be beftowed in the earth, then the feeds , in that the feeds (after the committing to the earth) pro- ’ ipernot.
The heads are to be fet on ridges, in the month of April or May, and the heads laid on a heap, to lie and wither in the lhadow from the Sun beanies, for the fpace of eight dayes before, which done, to fet them with the hairy roots in cite earth welled laboured and dreffed and at length one by another well half« a hand bredth afunder, and three fingers deep, Certame there are which will them to be fet for the better yeeld, 'after the midft of Auguft unto the middle of September, letting chele to remaine for two or three years, and that every ytar in the month of Aprili and May, tho leaves or blades then dry to break off orderly, the other prospering to weed about, and to raife the earth after two _fir;gers deep, but in fuch manner, that the heads be not touched.
After that the herbs be (ufficienti/ elea afed, whenastheflowres be withered and dead, efpechlly in Augutt, and towards Harveft, which floarilh not above a mor.eih, then thefe are to be gathered in the morning after Sun-rifing, and after the drying by a gentle fire to be kept together in bagges of leather, in a clofe and dry place.
And this one thing as marvellous, is worthy t® be noted, that
C c	the104	IX*	*f
the root or onion Handing quite out of the earth, yeeldeth noc-withftandiug the proper flowrre of continuance but a day ©r two after the full opening, at the feafon of the year«; but the head afterwards (as deprived of nourifhment) withereth and rotteth»
The blades be fre(h and green all the winter through, in that the heads be ful of juice, and fufBcient ftrong to indure the cold feafon: When the Saffron is fet, and in the third year digged up, there are round about each head five or fix heads growing, and joyned together within the earth.
The bell Saffronds the fame, which is frefh and new, and excelled in thegoodnefle of colour, in fuck manner,that the tops in which the feeds be contained be white, and mixed with a redneffe, the chine alfoisnot lightly broken, and rubbed in the hand co-loureth the skin, and is in favour comfoitable, with a great fharp-neffe, And this is named the Orlentall Saffron.
7be Tbjfick^beatfitf and b tipi of the Sajfron »
r | 'He Saffron hath the property of heatingin the fecond', and drying in the firft degree, as JEgiaeta wicneffech: The Saffron indureth for five years in perfeft ftrength, being ctofe kept in a leather bag, and let io a dry place»
. Take a fcruple of good faffron, or the third part of a dramme, and halfe graine weight of pure Musk, this mixed together with the beft and hot wine, drinke farting, for it is a lingular remedy a~ gainft the hard fetching of breath, of what caufe foever the fame fhall happen-
The iaffron procured a freflt and fair colour to the drinkers of it, it comforteth the heart, purgeth and caufeth healtbfull blood, and removeth-poifons from the heart •• Taken in meat it caufeth a long and.eafie breathing, and hclpeth the Afibnta.
Agalnrt the infection and plague inward,many after the torrify-mgof the faffron, Triad« and Muftard-feed in an emptie egge-- fhell clofe flopped, do make an eleftuary, with other fpices adjoy-ned, which after the taking expellcth the poifomorinfeftion by fweats..
Theufe of it profiteth irnpofthumes In the bred,- and thofe that be fhort winded,it amendeth the milr^novetb the veneriall aft,and «aufcth urine,this alfo availed againft the vehement akieg *nd
paint•„ \.
th G*rde*tn habjrtmb.	105
Paines of the head, if fuch a plainer be made with the fame; take ®f Saffron Gumme, Arabick, Euphorbiutn, and Myrrhc, of each a like weight, thefe after the finely working to powder, and tempering with the white of anegge, apply in the plainer form to the fore-head, for thil without doubt availeth.
The Saffron taken either in meat or drink proca.reth urine, and the Termes, this alfo amendeth the yellow Jaundice, drunk efpe-cially with (went wine or Malmfcy; this given befides to an ulce. red breft, ftomack, liver, lungs, kidneys, and bladder, greatly profiteth.
For the grievous paine of the Gout, take a quantity of Saffron, with crums of white bread and milke, after] the boiling together, applied in the forme of a Pultife, on fwellings , impofthumes, and ulcers,doth greatly affwage both the (welling and paine, yea, mightily fofteoeth and breaketh impoftumes.
If with Ofiumy barley meal, milk» and the white of an egge, an ointment be made after art, and innointed on any painful and fore piace, it doth affwage the grief in fhori time. The Saffron ( as Vitalit writeth) doth greatly amend the fccblingof the heart, and weakneffe of ftomaek, the Saffron comforteth Palfty members, and fofteneth the hardnefle of parts, forthe which caufe the fame named Oxicrocie, is right profitable; The Saffron removeth the grief of the eyes, either of blood or other blemifh , if with Rofa leaves brought to powder, and mixed with the yolk of au egge,the fame be applied in plafter-form on a linnen cloath to the eye. The Saffron removeth all fwellings and griefes of the eyes , if the fame be efpecially mixed with wine, and applied in plai-fter-form.
The Saffron is profitable mixed with womans milk, and annoity ted, for the diftilling of the eyes.Thc Saffron removeth drunken-neffe, drunk with Civile. The perfon alfo which (hall drinkc the powder of Saffron in wine, (hall not be overcome by drinking: This befides is very profitable for remedies of the cars.
Cc 2
Chap.J	=— I
196	;	Thi OsrddnwfLtbyrmbh'.
Chap. XXIIII.
What shill) and eare, and diligence is required in the workmanlike Jewing and ordering of the Nattewe.
THe Nauewes and Turnups arc fowne after one martner in the earth, well turned up, and orderly drefled, or if the owner wil inearable ground, and will indure in a manr.ei«any airej yet thefe defire a drie ground, Father lean and gravelly, and diligently tu«ned up.
The feeds well prof per, bellowed in a fine powdered earth, well laboured afore, and to pofTefle faire Nauewes, let not the feed« be above three years old, for being elder the feeds run into Cole-worts: If the plants in the coining up appear too thick together, the owner may pluck them up, and fet them thinner in other well drefled place: Thefe aifo in the growing up ought diligently to be weeded , and the earth to be digged about, and let the greater and fairer ftilt grow, to poflfelTe their feeds, which in the moneth of Auguft diligently bellow ia a well laboured earth.
To commit feeds to the earsh, the owner ought today untill the ground be well moiftened with feowres, for bellowed foon after they profper and come the fpeedier up: But the owner ©r Gardener ought in'any cafe to take heed that he bellow not the feeds in any fhadowie place, for the (hadowie places aro difagree-able and hurtfull to the plants, although the ground be good, fertile and well laboured.
The property many times of the ground doth alter the Nauewe into a Turnup, and Turnup into a Nauewe.
The owner ought to gather the Nauewes in the moneth of November, and to pofTeffe them all the winter time, he mud burie the root3 in fand lying in a feller, that he might not onely cat of them in the Winter time, but all the Lent through.
The worthy Nauewes be thofe which are rather long, and as they were crifped, and not big, and poffeflwg few roots, at the moft but one feemly root, and the fameilrait and lharp downward. There be which make a fingular eompolkion of the Nauews with Radilh roots, a little lalt, honey, muflard, dele&able fpicas, atod Vinegary yea,the fame may be made without fpices, both whole-feme and profitable. '	* v Iht»
The f tcendpart' ef i	107
7he Thjfiek benefits of the Naverat.
rT1He worthy Galen reporccth the Navew to be hot in the fecond decree, and moifl in the firft.
The Navew es tenderly boiled, do nourifh much , yet evilly or hardly digefted, and they make foftflefh, and the fa me puffed op, yet this leffe then tho Turnup, who afore ought to be boiled in water, and that firft vVater after the boiling ported forih, then into a fecond water bellowed, diligently boyle them, for the hard- . neirGof their fubflance will well be tempered; and meanly ingender a nourilhment between good and evill.
The Na vews which are not throughly boiled, do evilly digeft, and procure a windinelfe in the body befides a flopping in the veins and naturall powers ; for which caufe, thefe yeeld a more commo-ditie to the ftomacke, and digett better, being twice boiled in faire water, and fhifted a third time into a moft fat broth, where bcyled unto a fufficicnt tenderneffe, and theik. eaten , there be which boylethem a third time in newCow-milke, for the better dige-fting.
The feeds confe&cd with Suger and eaten, increafe Sperme in. man; but the feeds bruifed and drunk,do especially availe againft poifons, for the which caufe thefe are profitably miniftred with Triaclc.
Chap. XXV
What tare and skill is required in the fetvi&g and rightly trdtring of the Rape and Turnupf
THe Rapes be not much differing from the Navews and Turnups, faving that thefe be bigger, and fweet in the eating,For the Rapes or Turnups be much greater, and in the eating pleafon-terthet» the Navews} The Rapes require alike ordering and dref. frog of the earthy as afore uttered of the Navew» which for truth ought to be rather fownfc in the moneth of September, then in any other time, in a moift earth well dunged, diligently turned in and duffed} for by that msanes they prof-
perf. .
108	Tbcfncndpivt *f
per and come the better forward,«nd are caafcd to be fairer,tende-rer, bigger, and Tweeter of tafte through the cold feafon following, like as the hoary frofts, fnow,and cold mills, then in the dry and warm feafon of the year.
After thefe be come up, and ready to be removed, the owner mull carefully fee unto,that the leaves be not gnawne neither of fpiders, nor by apy other vermine ot wo*ms, and for the avoiding of like anoyance, it (hall be profitable for the Gardener ( wel a day before the committing of the feeds to the earth ) to mix the feeds with the po wder or dull of plank boards, or rather, with the foot of a Chimney, which after wet with water, to the end that the feeds may receive fom§ moifture, and being thus ordered , bellow the whole together in the earth the next day following.
The skilfull Neopolitane Rutiliit/ reporteth, that the Rape or Turnup (as the Navew) profperethunder everyairc, and defacth to be bellowed in a fat and loofe earth, and the fame fo loofe, that it in a manner falleth to powder, whereby the feeds may profper, and come tho Ipecdicr forward.
The feeds alio are to be bellowed with fine powdred earth,to the end the Plants may not come up too thick together, about the end of July, unto the midft of September ; and if rain happen nos the day before, then the day following, moifien the ground with water gently fprinkled upon*
If ihe feeds committed to the earth be bellowed thin, the plants in the coming up (by diligence of the Gardener) will increafe the bigger S for which caufe,whcFe the plants grow thick together,and thefe come eo good ftrength, the owner may pluck op fundry, and bellow thofe a good diftanct afundcr, whereby they grow the bigger in root*
And for the better furtherance of their growth t the owner Hull fundry times water and weod about the plants,; The feeds may be Town« in the open field, and where corn grew,if fo be the ground be diligently ploughed, and the weeds weeded forth,tbelc alter she bellowing in the earth may the owner oncly cover with the Harrow or Rake, becatife the feeds lie Ihallow on the ground.
The feeds joy in an open field, far from the lhadow of trees, in that thefe lying under lhadow be much harmed i if the owner mind to commit feeds so the earth in a dry feafon, he may then bellow them in fome wel drafted place being moift and Ihadowie,thick together after the manner of the Colewort,	Af-Yht Gtràin&iLalyrimk.	*üy
After this, when the planta be well grown up,and thé earth fuffi -ciently moiftened with ihowres, the owner may remove and fer the plants in larger places well drefled, from the end of Auguft unto the entring of the Sun into Libra, or middle of September.
The Rapes ta ferve the winter time, ought to be gathered in the moneth of O&ober, and thofe which are the fairer, by plucking a-way the outward leave»,may be fet again in well dunged and dref-fed earth, to yceld feeds the Summer following. .
And to prelerve the Rape orTurnup roots to ferve the winter and Lent time, the owner may work after this manner, by wafhing firft the roots, and thefe raw, bellow in ranks one upon another, and in each rank ftrew (alt, fennell feeds and fauerie,or onely cover them with fait, dole couched, and on fuch wife letting thefe remain for eight dayes, powre fo much faire water upon as will cover them, which done,!« the velfeli Hand in fome vault, or feller,to ferve for the above&id times, or longer if the owner will, if' fo be he fill up the vcflell, when thefe lie bare and drie.Thcfe hitherto Rnttlius in his Inftruftions of Husbandry.
This one thing is marvellous, and worthy the noting, fo fmall a feed to increase in root to fuch a bignefife as we many times fee them, of which the like hath been fees to have weighed thirty,yea, forty pound weight, to the admiration of many.
The owner ought efpecially to take heed that the feeds to be com* . mitted to the earth,be not above three years old'; for the ground otherwife of the Rapes will ehangeand bring forth Colewor s.
For to injoy fair and big roots, let the owner new fet thofe roct* which are grown unto a finger-bigr.elTe, well a fpan diftance one from the other ; which done, and thefe fotnwhat more grown,the owner ought to tread down with the foot, and diligently cover the beads thick with earth, whereby the juice of the leaves and ftalksmay run to theincreafmg of the roots.
The roots after the gathering in the moneth of November,may likewife be preferved to ferve the Winter and Lent time,as afore is-uttered of die Navew.
The Fhyfickj/trtuts and helps of the Rapes.
THe Rapes heat in the fécond digree , and moiften in the firft ; thefe caufc many humors, hardly digeftj, and inereafemuch
winde:no	fbt Gardeners Labyrinth,
wind. The fowne R.apes arc hard of digeflion, which notwish-funding boiled do fwcll the belly, and increafc the humors in the body.
The Rapes have a marvellous property in fharpning the light, as the lingular Averrois writeth ; yet thefe throughly boiled, as I jaforc uttered to be’done by theNavewes,do yeeld a nourifhroent, andarepiofoabletothebody ; contrariwifc thefe eaten rawrifli or not well boyled, doe hardly digeft, caufe wind in the body , and mokftthe flomack.
The Rape feeds ufed in (lead of Triade,recoverethand helpcth poifoning, if any having drunk, or eaten poifon (hall take the feeds bruifed in water and honey,this of experience knownereprefleth or abateth the force of poifon, that the fame cannot harms.
The Rape or Turnup roots confefted with vinegar, doth coole ttnd ingender witide,yet thefe extinguilh the hot and dry blood, of which moll great and perillous fickncffes are caufe. The roots and feeds eaten do ftir the veneriall aft.
They are profitable to health, being eaten after the third boy-lir*g, and if any fowly arrayed with fcabs which reprefent the kind of a feprie,do wafh all the body with water in which the rape feeds fhal afore be boiled, it doth with the fame caufe in fhort time a fairer and clears skin: The Rape roots boiled in May butter , after* the tender feething eaten with a little fait do loofe the bred : The decoftion of them taken ceafeth a dry coughj boiled with oile o-Iive,and eaten with pepper and a little fak noth help digcftion.The roo s daily eaten,do ingender grofle humors,for which caufe greatly mifliked of Democritus, to be ufed for a proper Jiiflcnance.
The decoftion or broth of the roots tenderly boiled, applied on Palfie members, the hot Gout,and kabed heels, do fpeedily amend and help thefe: if any in the fide of the root after the making of a hole, do.'bellow in it the oile of Rofes, and unwrought wax, and after thetender rolling under hot embers, do apply tht fame in ulcered or fore kibes it fihal in fhort time cure them.
7bi benefits of tfo diftilled water of Rapes.
He Garden Rape or turnup both leaves and roots fhred, ought X to be diftilled about the end ©f June, in a tin Limbeck,
This wauev prevailed againtl the galling of members, if thefe
beThe fécond fart of	i \ r
be daily wafhed and fuppiy with the fame, and that a linn en cloth wet in it, be applied twice or thrice a day.
Thishdpeth any burning or TeaIding, if the fame be wafhed with it, but after a cruft gathered in one place, the fame will in no. manner be removed, but through the daily wafhingof it with this water, which in the end perfectly curcth the fore.
Thediftilled water of the putrified Rapes, applyed often hoc with a linnen cloth wet in it, doth greatly profit the fwelling and Tores of the foot, caufed of cold.
CHAP. XXVI.
What skill and diligence it required with the [tents to be learned in _, > the [owing and ordering of the Radijb.
HPHe Garden Radifh with us, is better know n?, then I with pen .can utter the difeription of the fame, for in a manner every perfon as well, as well the rich as the poore, the Citizens asCoun* trimen, when their ftomack is flack or irketh at meat: they then to procure an appetite to feeding, by the fame root, by cutting the roots either into a length on each fide, or into round flyces, doe workmanlike feafon them with fait, heating them for the more delight in the mouth, between two difties, fuppofing amore tender-neflecaufec^o the roots, through the like doing: whole care and diligence in the bellowing of it in the earth, ought, (after the mind of Columella) to be after this manner; that the beds, before the b ’flowing of the feeds, be well laboured, and workmanlike turned in with dung; and when the roots be f»rown tofomebignelfe, then tl e earth to be raifed and diligently heaped about them, for theroots lhall be naked or lie bare of earth, that both thè Sun and ayre beat upon them, then will they become in their further growth, both hard and hollow like to the Mufhrome, as Flinierc-porteth, which preferibeth to thefe both a loofc and moift earth.
The worthy Rutilius (in his inflruftions of husbandric ) titter-eth, that the Piadifhes refufe a hard, Tandy, and gravelly ground, and do joy in the moifturt of the aire : befides, thefe out he to be fown in beds a good diftance afunder, and the earth deepe digged Dà	ait«Hi	The fecondpart of'
after a late or new rain fallen, except the place by hap (hall be moift, and loon watered.
The feeds committed to the earth, ought immediately and wkh diligence, to be covered light with a Rake, and neither dung bellowed within, nor itrewed upon the beds ( although ColtmulU o-therwife willcth ) but oncly chafFe ofCorne, as alter fhall further be uttered.
The skilfull prattifed in Garden matters report, that thefc bet« ter prolper being orderly fet, then cut ioufly fownc, and that the(e to be bellowed in the earth, as both fown and fet, at two times of the yeare, as in the moneth of February, and beginning of March, if the owner fhall enjoy the roots timely, and in Augufl unto the rnidded of September, if the owner would enjoy them much foo-ner : and thefe then bellowed in the ear tit, are without doubt far better, forafmuch as the Radilh in the cold feafon, groweth and encreafeth efpecially in the root, and is the fame time tenderer, whereasthe plants otherwifein the faire and warm feafon, runne up into a leafe and Item. Yet this manner of cryall, to polTefle them in (harp Winter, islittle in ufe with us, becaufe the Radilh can ill abide the bitter ayre, which once bitten and tainted with the frofts either therewith, orfoon after dyath: yet the loarned Tlinie writing of the Radilb,u tereth the fame to joy Co much imhe ; cold ay re, that in Germany hath fometinus been feen a Radilh, ] which grew in compaffe fo big as an infants middle.
Thetkilful Atiflomzchus in his learned inltru&ions of husban- 1 dry, willeth that the leaves of the Radilh in the wither time be 1 broken off, and thrown away, and to heape the earth high about I them, leaft puddles of water do Hand in the beds, for the roots on ] fuch wife incrcafe and be big in fummer time.
Howfoever the roots flial be handled, certain it is, that the cold ] ayre and frofts do increale and fweeten the roots (as afore uttered j of the Rape) if fo be they may continue in wintertime: for the j , cold ayre converteth the increafmeiit into the roots, and not into , j the leaves, although that thofe (as Ibeopbraftus uttereth) doe wax | then hard in many places.
The roots are caufed to grow the fweeter in eating, and more J dele&able in talle, if the leaves be broken eff ( as fliny hath noted ) J before the Radilhes (hoot up into a Item.
And the leaf of ihc Radilh, how much the fmallcr thef ame j
firaljthe Gardiners Labyrinth,	113
A all be, even To much the tenderer and dcle&abler root will it yield, which by watering with a fait liquor, or pickle, caufcth to breath forth the bitternelfc quite, if any fuch reft or be in the root.
AsthclikeP/injf wrote^that the Radidiis to be fed, yea and willed the roots for the tenderneffe, to be often watered with pickle, or fait water.
The Egyptians watered with Nitre, to 'the end the roots might be commendable in Iweetnclle and delight to the mouth, which poflefle a Cartilage and thick rinde: to thefc, in many roots, fliarp in tafte, yet delegable in the eating, which are part left bare above the ground becometh tough and hard,through theoccafion afore uttered, and hollow (like to the Mufhrom ) unlefle they be wcl covered about vvi. h light earth.
There are Radtlhcs fappofed to be of a feminine kind, which be fo iharp, and thefe pofieffe frnaller leaves, and to the eye be a fairer green, as Rutilius writeth.
It the owner tovet to enjoy fweet roots in tall, then after the eounfell and m:nd ot the lingular Flortntint, let him fteeptho feeds for two dayes before, in either water or hony, or Cuke, or elle fu-gred water, and thefe dried in the lhadow, to commit them or* derly to the earth
If the Ga dener defire to poflefle faireand great roots, let him (after the mind of the aforefaid RhuIihs) when the roots be grown to lome bignefs, pluck away all the leaves,laving two within to g ow ftill, which done, coverThe earth often over the heads to grow the fweeterand pleafanter.
A like experience in cauling the root to become marvellous big, doth Plinie skilfully utter and teach, after .this manner, by taking a great dibble,wi h the which making a hole in the earth wel fix fingers deep, fill it up with frefh ebaffe, after bellow a feed of the Ra-dilh with dung and light earth over the mouth, covering thefame in like manner even with rheeath ; thefe performed, the root will grow and enereale unto the bignelTeot the hole.
The skilful praftitiuners report, that the goednrlTe of thtRa-dilh is known by the leave«, which the Tweeter they be (after the manner ) fo much the tenderer and more plea fa nt are the roots in the eating: the like teacheth or Iheweth the i inde, which the thinner the fame is, fo much the deleftabler is the root in the taft of tha mouth.	Ddi	TheJ
Ml®	'ïht Gardeners Labyrinth.
The tlim ^beftbwing of the feeds in welldrefled bed*, fromthc end of Augtilf unwthiemidft of September, a^d afcer the coming * : 'Op tììIrgei^iy weeded a boat, with leaves broken off, the light earth cóvct ed about, and after watered with fait water, doe procure the roots nbronely co wax,or grow the bigger, but tenderer and fwee-terin the earing, forafmuch as the fait pickle very much abaceth the bit te rne fife c.onfilling in them, as by a 1 ke we cuftomabiy fee, thatthéfeb<fèaten'with vinegar and fait.
And thé plants better profper, coming up in an open ayre, then beftowed in aftndowy place,-where in the increafe, the roots be ^ much hindered.
If the owner happen to commit feeds to the earth in a drie lea-Ton/létthem be (own the thicker in beds, and iJ- the lame may be in a tnoiiYground lightly watered.
The plants grown to a reafonable height above the earth, and that fhowres have tnoifVened the ground a day before, the plants may ìhen be removed, and let into beds wtl laboured and work--man-like dreffed, which by diligence beffowed, grow the bc-ter and plealanter in the eating.
That the Radifh may not be harmed wttlvthe garden fleas, 7W>-pbrifiuswill eth to fowmthe beds among them, the pulfe named Erum.	.
’ ‘ Othe r firgularhelps for the moft hèib$;,maÿ belearpecl in mÿ firfl: wpaft,which I have'gathered for1 the molf pattern of ancient writers
Here is not to be overpaffed,thatin the Radilhcsa bitternefs con-,'filfeth according to the thicknefs of the rinde, as the worthy Pliny utterech,which writeth that thefe alfo do offend the teeth, by blun-* fi rig Or letting them on edge.	■
i . But in this place coimmethto mind, a fecret very profitable, and ~t&be eftcemcd with Vinteners, which I he Author freely uttereth to them..
If the Vihtener cutteth a* Radifh into (Ices, and beftoweth thofe "pièces iiVto a velfel of corrupt Wine,doth in fhort time draw all the evil favour and lothfomneflfe ( if any confifteth in the wine ) and to thefe the tartnefs of it like reviveth,which if the root L>î not able to rid ar,d drawquite forth this default, let the lame immediately be taken forth, and ( if need (hall require ) put a frelh root like ordered. For this no doubt hath been proved, and profieth many by understanding of this fecret.
ThisThe fecond pxrt	tl 5
This no doubt is a fecret very marvellous, that the Radifh in no • wife agrecth to be placed or grow nigh to the Vine, for the deadly hatred between chem,infomuch that the Vine neer gromng,tur-neth or windeth back with the branches as mightily difdaining .and hating.the Radifh growing fall by :if we may credit the learned Plinip0 BiWJ and the-Neipoiitane Rfttiiiusy which MM (o have -di igently noted the fame»
And ;he reafon they report to be like ( as afore u-tered of the a-greement of the Coletvort ,wich wine ) which is through the hid difeord of nature* coufifting in them, fo that if the places were changed, yet tor ail the removing, will they *a no maimer joy together..	_	| -
Of which Anirocidts affirmeth the Radifh andColewort,tb be.a fingular remedy againft dcunkennefs,fo that the ancient in Greece	4
commonly Joyned and matched the drinking of wine, .with the Radifh, as I afore uttered in,theChapter of the Colewort, fo that no ma; vel it is if that thefe be ufed fo common.
The Radifh in time pail haxb bet’n.h^mnchRecount,and fo worthily efteemed, that Mofcbsa^the Greek tveote a large pamphlet of the worthy praifes of rheifamc: yea the Radifh before other meats, was fo preferred in Greece, that at Delpbos in the temple of /p>lloy the Radifh tyas eftcemed as Gold, the Beet as,Silver and the Rape or T.urnup.as Lead.	■ . •
The.Radifh a}lo is faid to polifh very fair the Rory, and buried in a heap of SaIt,doth alter 8c reduce the fame into a watry pickle.
The Radifh to conclude,in the removing and fetting again,loo-tfech the finrpnsffe refting in it, and this hath,a Angul ar delight in the rind, fo that the fame be new gathered and not too- qld of growth, therefore by theexample of many fcldomc^aren, .do un-advifedly refufe and omit the tiling of it.
And drawing to an end, I chinkeit right profitable to utter the making of Vinegar with the Radifh, as the learned Purus Crefceti-tius ( in his work of Husbandry ) hachmoced tire, fa me, the roots of the Radifh ( faith he ) being dried and brought to fine pouder, and bellowed into a veflel which hath wine in i, let Hand to fettle ( after the well labouring and mixing together ) forcer tain dries: which done, the owner (hall enjoy a Radifh Vinegar,very laudable	.	;
and much commended for the difolving and wafting of the ftone nche Kidneyes,and many other painfnll griefs.
Dd 3
■n6	Thtfumdftn tf
The Vhyfickg benefits and helps of the Rsdijb.
HP He Garden Radifh ( after the mind of the learned) heateth in 1. the third degree, aud drieth in the fccond, but the wild Ra-difh in Phyfick caufes is moie tffe&uoui.
This one commodity ( amoog the phyfick help?) doth the Ra-difh poffcffc 5 which is, that it procurech many times belching, af-tsr the eating at flipper: for a remedy of this annoyance or incom* modify, m y he or (he incontinent eat, certain branches of Ifope, Time, or Ori *any,or eat the root with pure Oile.
And this one commodity joynedwith it, the root yieldeth a ’ marvellous number of benefits, for the health and cafe of perfons.
Here further learn, the other commodities written by the wife, which are, that the Radifh eaten, either before or after mealcs, doth caufe wind, the wrefting of the floxnack dulleth the braine, eyes, and reafon,
* The lingular Greek Florentius (in his inftru&ions of Husbandry) writeth, that the Radifh doth profit very much the flegmatick.and marvelloufly helpeth the ftone in the Kidneyes,and flopping of the Urine by gravell s If any efpecially boyle the rind with white wine and water, and drinketh the fame morning and evening, or the rind of the Radifh hruifed and flrained, and drunk falling in the morning, and chat the perfon (hall perfevere or continue with the fame for certain day es.
The frefh rind afrer the deeping in white wine for eight houres, drunk with a fourth part of the powder of Medler kernelsslike a-vaileth.
The Radifh taken fading in the morning, with warm water prepared, procurtth vomiting, for which matter,the Phyfituns rather appoint he feeds boy led, then the root. If the root be eaten with Oyle Olive.it ftayeth the belching* of the ftomack,which are wont to be caufed by the fame, in that the Olive fuffereth not ftich wind to rife-	.
The juyee drunk with Cuite, cureth the Kings evill, and drunk with water and honey, amend^th the cough, which on fuchwife miniftred, doth htdp thofeTecching the wind fhort and painfully.
The whole fubitance of she root, fo much availeth againftpoy-fon,that taking the fame falling,« fhalnothing harm the creature.
AndThi Gardeners Labyrinth.	i \ 7
And the hands anointed with thejuyceof the Radifh, as afore Uttered in my firlt part, may handle Serpints without feare.
Thejuyceof the Radifh dropped into the cares, doth fpeedily affwage the wind and noife in them, the fame drunk with water and honey,rccovercth the Taundife.The leaves boyled in porredge in (lead of Coleworcs, ana eaten fundry timet,amendeth. the (toppings of the Liver and Milt,
The feeds bruifed and given with white wine,is right profitable againft all forts of poifons and dangerous difeafes.
And if any by a punifhment, receive grievous ftrokes and fpots, by whipping, bruifing, and applying the Radifh on the places, (hal fpeedily cure them.
The fame alfo cleareth fears, and reducech wan fpots unto the perfect colours, and removeth the pimples in the face : this bc-iides delivereth the quartain Ague, if the fame be daily given by the way of a vomit, at the comming of the fit«
The juyee of Radifh boiled with honey, and after the adding of alittle Vinegar, the lame (trained and drunk, profitech againft the quartain Ague, and flopping of the Milt.
The Radifh applied in plafter form,delivereth the water between the skin , and helpeth a.hard fwollen Splene, as T>iofcorid«f wit-neflecn.
The Radifh well digefied, being eaten with meat at Supper, for it heateth theftomack, yet the fame caufeth a flrong breath, by flepingfoon after meat.
The feeds after the brufing drunk with white wine, doth caulc Urine, and drunk with Vinegar, affwageth the {’welling of the Milt.
The juyee anointed on old Ulcers, both cleareth and cateth a-wav the Canker in them, the likepeiformeth the powder of the. root.
The Radifh boiled with Mulfs water, or honey and water, and drunk warme, amendeth an old cough.' it removeth the clamraie Fleame of the bread,by fpicting up in the daily drinking for cer-tain day.ef.
The frefh rinds of the Radifh wel bruifed,and taken with Vine* gar and Honey,procureth the Patient ro vomit: the like pertormeth the Seeds drunk with wai^n water.
The Seeds have a Angular property in expelling, for which rea-
fun,i i8	Thè GArdeteti Labyrinth.
fon, thefe afe right profitable to them having eaten Molhronles, which they cannot digclL
If a round 11 ce of the radiih be applied on the Navill, it doth fpeedily ccafe the gripiugs in women, as the skilful! Hippocrates writeth.
Theoften eating of the Radifiit procurcth plenty of Milketo women giving fuck,and Nurfes.
The juyc: of the root drunk with honey, fendetti down the Terms, ai d expellech the wormes In the belly : the Joyce gargeiled with Honey and Vinegar, afwageth the fweliing in the throat,
Tbe commended belpf of the dijlilled water of the Radijb.
THe root finely Ihred in the beginning of September, ought so be diddled in a Tin Limbeck, or rather glade body in Balneo Maria. The difiilled water of Radiih drunk morning and even-Ing, unto the qdandty of three ounces at a time, helpeth the di-geftion of the Ltomack, the Kings évili, and killeth the worms of the belly: the Radiih alio received, cleanfeth the ftonjackof all clammy humours,«nd other matters which hinder digeftiori : this befides openeth all manner of ftoppings oi the inner members and veines. This drunk in like order and quantity, dosh extenuate the ciammie humours in the Lungs, and antendeth the fweliing of the Milt : this alfo clenfeth the breaft of clamy humours, and caufeth a clear voice.
The Water drunk unso the quantityof three ounces at a time,both morning and evening, recovereth the poifon taken either in meat or drink. The fame quantity drunk at a time,profiteth againft the Quartan Ague, draweth down the Termes, and fendeth forth the hone;
This water helpeth thofe which are Hinged either wioh the Bee or Walpe, or venonied with the Spider, if they (hall walh the grieved place with the fame, and lhall applie linnen clothes wet in it. This water helpeth the pricking and Hitches of the fide,if the fame be bathed with the water. The water dropped into the eye8,clcar-éth the humours falling which diriimcth the fight, it alfo removeth the (pots of the face, by the often walhing with the water, this removeth the yellow or blackilh fpots by beating,if the places be often rubbed with the fume.
TheThe fecond fart of	t r y
The water gargdled and a tained in the mouth, amendeth the fwelling of the throat,* and CIcers of the gums, for this refolveth, eoniumeih^and breaketh them.
The water often diunk morning and evening, thicfly at the going to bed, unto the quanti y of three ounces at a time, for thirty rdayes together, not onely cleareth the kidneyes and bladder, and theplaces which containe the ftone, but breaketh the (tone, and cauUth Urine*
This water dmnk for three or four weeks together, unto the quantity of three or four ounces at a timfc both morning and ev£-ning,recovereth the water between the,skin,and fendeth the fame •forth by the Urine, fo that the patient refraineth the overmuch N drinking : for how much the lefTer hedrinketh,(o much tRfe n»ore water by the Uriue is lent forth, through which the patieat is alfo -fooner recovered.
Chap. XXVII.
Wbat cart and skill is required in the faveingand workrnunlikg ordering botboj the Par [nip and Carot.
THe feeds of the Parfnep and Carot, require one manner of diligence in the (owing,and to be bellowed in a ground painfully digged, well turned in with Dung, and wo kmatviike drclfed before: but the feed to be committed to the earth, may not be be-(lowed in beds very thick together, to the end theie in the encrea-fing may grow the fairer and bigger.
The plants arc in like manner to be fet,and at thefe times Town as afore uttered of the Radifh, as Town in December, January,and February, to fer ve in Lent and fpring time, but thefe better com-mended, to b& fown in harveft time, to enjoy them all the Lent* The Gardiner which would poflefie fane and big roots, ought to pluck away the leaves often times, and to cover light earth on the heads, as afore uttered of the Pvadifh: befides thefe*grown to fome bigntife, at the lead fo big as the finger, ought to be thinner ftt, and often weeded about, whereby the roots may grow bigger and fweeterin the eating.
'I fa
EeISO	The Gardeners Labyrinth.
„ The Tbyficty benefits andhefis oftbeParfnef andCtrot.
THe vertucs and properties of thefetwo roots are in a manner like, and ferve rather for the Kitchin, than to the life of Phy-. ficke, id that they be of a fmall nourishment, and lelicr nourifh then the Turnep or Rape doth.
The Parfnep root ( by the ageeemenf the ancient ) heateth in the middle of the fecond degree, and moiltnethin the firrt, but in thefecaufes of phyfick frpally allowed.
The root is brought to a more temperament for the bodie, if fo be it be boile^ in two or three waters before the eating, for on fuch wife handled, it harmeth the ftomack the lefle.
This othtrwife fodden ( bat in one water ingendreth wind in the body, through which it caufeth and moveth a defire to the ve-neriall aft: and often ufed, engendreth evil! blood,
The root tenderly fodden in two waters, and*removeth into a third, procureth the Urine, affwageth the colick paffion,aud fen-deth down the Termes in women.
The Garden Parfnep, eaten with butter and pepper, and a little fait, profitech the Mclandiolik,and as Vtulis writeih.this^ncrea-feth good blood.
The Parfnep feed drunk and appfyed to the privie place ( as the leirned Diojcoridtt writeth ) drawerh down the cer;n*s, helpech the ftraightnefie of nuking water, recovereth the Water betweene the skin, and amendech thtf hitches of the fide or plurefie.
This commended for die fling or bite of any venemous worms or bead: this alfo applyed to the privy place, draweth down the dead younglings; the leaves Hired and applied with honey, doth -throughly clear and amend the greateat'mg in of Ulcers,
ft is thought that no vcbemous beaft may hurt the Creature, which weareth or carryeth the root about him: and the root hanged abou; the neck, doth profit againfl the fuelling of the throat.
• TheGsiden Csrot is thought to heat and dry in the third degree, bofthe leaves and flowerr especially, and many times the O'je ufed for the other in Phyfick caufes.
There is another kind of Garot (being red in colour) which may
(be eaten raw», but die tame fod.ien with the Turnep, feemeth a p’eafant and dainty difh: and this may inlike order befown, as the others above taught.	TheThe fecond part of	121
The Carot growing of the own accord,which ii of moft men na* med the wild,more availeth in the leaf and flower for Phyfickpur-* pofes, then the root doth : fo that the leaves are robe gAdhered to ufe, when the fame yieldeth the flower, which ( after the fepara-tiagof the root)ought to be dryed in a fl/adowie place,and kept in lether bags for the whole year: for thefe have the propertic ofdifc fipating,confirming, and attrafting, and it of quality drying by fubftanc«.
The head bound about with rH* powder of this Herb, made fuf-ficiently but,amend:th'a cold rheunietthe hcibafter ike boiling in wine drunk, and a good q-»anticie of it after the liee jing in wine and.oil* for ten day;*, be bniicd folong,umill the wine be wafted, andafter the hard wringing forth of the herb, the whole fet over fire, and a little wax put to it, in making thereof a pi * life r$ which applyed, amendech the p ine in the ftotna'ck, proceeding of wind through cold, th • ftrangurie, and flopping of the thine,and both thcCollick, and Iliacke paflion.
This Carot boiled in wine, with a quantity of Figs to difereti-OHj and the fame drunk faiting, reraoveth a dry cough : the de-co&ion di unk, doth likewife help the hard fetching of breath. II the head be walked with the water or oile, in which the herb a« fore is fodden, doth remove the flux of the head, proceeding of a cold caule.
If three handfulls of this herb boiled in wine, to which oyle added in the boy ling,and applyed to the belly,doth remove wind and heat the flonsack : if a Sirrup be made of the herb and flowers, and the jnyce of Fennel,and the fame drunk morning and evening, araendeth without doubt the flopping of the Lfver and Milt.
The herb boiled in Mallow«, and herb Mereurie,both in win* and water, and the fame after the boyling, applied on the navill, amendeth the vexings, and griping« of the belly«
-. < ’fhtvertuej and helps of tbt diJiiSed mater of tbt farfnep,
THe Herb with the root firmly fhred,ought to be diftilled abotn the end of March in a tin Limbeck, with a foft fir«.
This diftilled water dninke morning and evening, unto th* quantiy of three ounces at a time, and the trembling members ba-12 2	M The Gardners Labyrinth.
thed with the fame,doth in (horr time amend the lhaking of them» * If the water every evening at the going to bed, be drunk unto the quantity of fix ounces at a time, doth not onely move forward the veneriall a&, but encreafeth Sperme.’
The water drunke unto ths quantity of four ounces at a time both rrjorning and eveninrecove eth in fhorl time the ftraight-nefle or painfuinefie in making of water..
Chap. XXVIII.
The diligence and skill to be ufed both in the fopping and ordering of of the Garden Pappié,	*
THe Garden Poppie ( after*the minde of the Neapolitan Ru* tains') ought to be committed to the earth, in the mpneth of September, if it be in a hot and dry place: but the feeds in colder and more temperate places, may be bellowed after the middle of of February, uoto the end òf Aprili, aad Town in bùi* among the Goleworts*
The Plants come the better forward, if fo be Vine branches or other boughes of trees be burned in the places, where you after mind tobellotvihe feeds. To be hriefe, the feeds of the Poppie and Dill, require the like order and diligence in the bellowing in the. earth, as afore.tittered of the herb Charvill and Arach.
The Pbyftcbp benefits of the Garden Poppie, .-
THe white Poppie as all other kinds, cooleth in the fourth degree, and the feeds full ripe, before the gathering in the dimmer time may be preferred for five yeares.
The green heads of the Garden Poppie, boy led unto the thick— nelfeof honey, profit unto many griefs :this received, procureth lound fleep,reaioveth the cough j it alio ttayeth the flux of the belly, if any anointeth the belly with it.
The Poppie feed (after the bringing to powder ) mixed with' new milk or broth, and given to children to drinke warm, qrocu-rcth them to deep*.
TheThe fctoticl part of '	i2 3
The Seeds bruifed and fprcd on a tofte of Butter, due.caufe children to deep •' the Seeds conft&cd with Suger and eaten, doe marvelioufly pie^aile, in procuring the weake patient to deep (blindly.
The Sirrupe of Poppie helpeth the reume, coflgb, and lackc of of deep, by preparing it after this manner. Take of the nuv heads both of the white and black Poppie one pound, of rain u'ate'loiir pinte*jboile thde fo long together,until a pint and a halfu remain,, to which after the draining,ad of Sugar,and the Pennkcs, of each fix ounces: thefe boile unto a height, according to^rt 4 and this „ they name, the fimple Sirrop.
The compound is made after this manner: take of the frelh heads,both of the white and black poppie, twelve ounces of maiden haire,two ounces of licourice, five drammes of lujuhe, thirtie in number,of lettuce feed* five ounces,of the Mallowes and Qjince feeds an ounce and a halfe, thefe after the boiling in foure pimes of water unto two, firaine through a cloth,to which adde of Soger and the Pcnnices one pound, making thereof a Sirrupe according toart,forthiirecovereth a drie cough, the confumption of the Lunges, the reume,-and debility of deeping.
A plaiftei made of either feed, to which womens mjlke and the white of aw egge added , this applied on the Temples procureth deep.
The Seed or hearb of the white Poppie, ( after the tempering with the oi!e of R-ofes)applied on an ulcer caufcd through a brufe, draweth forth the heat in i t,and the fame applyed on a hoc liver, greatly proficeth.	. v
The pouder of the white Poppie Seeds, mixed with oyle Olive -and anointed on the chine of the back, removeth the griefc of che joints, and ftrengthneth them : the Seeds after the brufiog with oyle Olive,applyed in plaifter forme about the head,not only pro-enreth reft, but found deep.
The patient which cannot deep,may brufe certaine he.ids, and afterthe heating,prefle forth the juice,with which wafhing the face like availeth. The heads of the green Poppie, boiled unto a thick« neffe of honny, profit unto many caufes: for this taken proem e h deep, removeth the cough, ftayeth thefluxeof the belly,it anyan-noint him with the fame.The juice of Poppie, mixed with the <,<y!e of Hofe*,and annotating the feet therewith, removeth the rage of
E e 3	the1^4	The Gardeners Labyrinth.
tfce Gout: th« feed« of th« white poppie brought to pouder, and mixed with theoile of Violets, and the chine of the barke an-nointed'with the fame, proficeth againft the Ague, and heate of the Liver. •
Iht commended Vtrtu.es of the ditUL'td water of tbs white Pop fie.
rT*,Heapteft time for the diftilling of white Poppie, is in the ba-ginning of June,ind that the hearb finely (hi ed be di;Uliei in a Tintie Limbeck with a foft fire.
This water profiteth againft the red fpots of the face,if rhe fame be wafned with it twice a day, thisprocureth white hands, if they bewaftied wiiii it.
The diftilled water drunke unto the quuntitie of fotire ounces at a tirnesbefotethe going to bed, and annointing the Temple* oc beating veine? of the wrefts, doe. not onely procure q wet reft, but found ILep: this alio ufed, mitigateththepairt* of the head pro* ceding of heate. ~	* '. •	-	’ *- ■
This water applied with Unnea clothes wet in it, ejcrirtgcffhetk any beat» and profiteth a burnt skin through the fun, in removing the heat,by often applying of linnen clothes wet in it.
Chap. XX.
IVbst sb^jlj diligence and fecrets is to be learned in the [owing and ordering ef the Cucumber.
THe ancient in time paftconfounded,Or rather contrary matched the Gourd« with Cucumber*, as the like alfo P/itficdid, and Eutbidanus the Athenian in hi« book which he wrote of pot-hearbs, named the Gould, the Indian Cucumber, and Mtntdorut a follower Oi E-afiftratus dtfi ugX .wo kind« of the fame : the oné^ to be Indian,which as he ottereth,is thé Coctimber : and theother to be that, which is named the Gou»eL' The Cucumber befides (after the fentence of Varro') is fo named for the crooking of it, sud the Greek phyfidans warned it both Sicpn and Sicys, for that it ftayeth and reprefieth (as Demetrius Wiiteth ) the venerial aft, siiiBWSKwBwHw^wlwBIBawrtEit.__________-	But
-4Tht fécond fart of	i a
Bat leaving further ta utter of the kindes, let nfccofne to'th <-* nutter in teaching what diligence is required, about the well handling of the Cucumber.
The Seeds afrer the minde of tjhe Neapolitans Rutilius, dcfi.e Jo be bellowed in fu/rows not thick together, and thefe railed well afooc&nd a half* high, butin breadth three foot, and between the furrows mult tha owner leave fpaces of eight foot broad, whereby the Cucumbers (lathe growing) may freely wander and fpread abroad.
Thefe after the cotnming up need neither to be raked nor weed-' cd about,for that in their firlt comming up, they joy and profper the better by growing among other bearbs, of which thefe are greatly ftreagthned and aided,.
The plants creep along on the earth , and fpread intobranches much like to the Vine, which for the weeknelfe of the Italke are caufed on fuch wife to fpread abroad on the ground,except thefe beotherwife (hored up in their growing, with props woikrtunly let in the earth, for the betterftaying up of thé, weak artnes and branches, that the fruits corrupt not by lying on the earth.
The feeds for themoft part, appeare by the fixt or feventh day after the fowing : being Efficiently moiftened with ftore of water for that fpace and time, by a pot or pots of tvatep dropping continually downe with a lift or wollen cloth hanging forth of the mouth of the pot, which manner of watering is named fiitring:
This kind« of watering,is one of the chicfeft nutters require J, in that the plants profper and come fpeedieft forward through the much moifture, in which they mightily joy : Yet thefe are much, , hindered, and greatly fear thefrofts and cold ayre. For which caufe the plants ought at fuch cojd times so be workmanly fenced with «utoelTrs of ftraw diligently fpread over them. The skilful! -Rjttilitu writing of the workmanly ordering of the Cowcurrber, willeth the feeds to be committed tothe eaah in the monethot March, and for clanger of the cold froftrs, to cover the beds with mattrelfesof ftrrfiv^uato the middle of May, at which times the -plants ought to be removed,a’d let again« into beds well dunged, and thick laid for to run forth, and creep abroad on the ground, but the plants ye^ld the rr.orej if they be beftow d in bcdsivdl filled with earth and dung, and thefe raifed above a foot _ high.
■
v\i i 6	The Gardeners Labyrinth,
Iu th e blowing of the Seed* in the earth, the owner ought to jhavea care, that he fet the feeds in bedsa length, andthefe well two foot afunder one from another, herein con fid ering whether the feeds be broken by the eight or tenth day following, which found either hard or broken, doth denote a perfe&nefs or good« jneffe of the Seed*: Bit thele in a contrary manner difeerned foft, are unprofitable, and to be caft away, in whofe places others require to be fet,proving by the lixt or eight day,if the Seeds be broken or otherwife foft, which in a contrary manner feen , bettow others in the places as above taught.	>
The plants after she corrtming up, need not to be weeded in aiiy manner,for afmuch as the planes better profper and grow the fairer, by comming up among other hearbs,of which theft take a nou-rifhment.
If the feeds before the fowing,be fteeped for two dayes in Ihecps , milke (as Rutilius willtih) or in water and honny,as Plinit inffru-tteth, or in Sugarod water, which cauft the plants, after their perfect growth , to yeeld cowcumbcrs, both fwcec* tender, white, and moil pleifant, afwell in tafteas in fight (as the fingular Columella hath noted ) and before him the Greek Florentinus, alfo after both, Plinie and PaUadiur, to all which experience confirmed?,
The Gardiner which would pofltfTe Cucumbers timely and very foone, yea and all the yeare through, ought ( after the minde of the Neopolitane) in »he beginning of the fpring,tofill up old worne baskets and earthen pms without bottomes, with fine lifted earth tempered afotc with fat dung, and to mofclen famewhat the earth with water, after the feeds, bellowed in thele, which done when warme and ilinniedaies fucceede,ora gentle raine fal-. ling, the baskets or paus wi;h the plants, are then to be fet abroad, to be lengthened and cherifhcd by the fun and fmall Ihowres: but the evening approching, thefeinallthe cold fea-fon ought to be fet under tome warme cover or houle in the ground , to be defended from the frofts and cold aire, which thus finding under a cover, or in the warme houfe, moiften gently with water ftmdry times, and thefe on fuch wife handle, nntill all the, Frofis Tempers, andcoldairo be.palf,ascomrm>nJy the firn’cealWh not with us, till abou: the middeft ofMay.
After ih-ieyvhen oppot tunlty or an apt day ferveeh the G.-rrlvThefeco nd fart of	lOf
n$r fhall beftaw tho Baskets or Pannes unto rhe trimme, or deeper in the earth,well laboured of trimmed before,with the reft of the diligence to be exercifed, es before uttered : which done* the Gardener fhall enjoy very forward and timelier Cowcumbcrs theo any other?.
This matter may be eompafted, both cafier,in Ihorter time, and with lefler traveil , if the owner, aftec the cutting of thewaftc branches, doth let them in well laboured bed«, for thefe infac fhorter time and fpeedier, doc yeeld faire Cucumbers.
This one thing I think neceftary to bclcarndd , for the avoiding of the daily labourand paines, in the fetting abroad and carryiug into the houfe, either hälfe tubs , basket?, or earthen pannes, which on this wife by greater facility may be done, if lb	f.
be the Gardener beftow the veflells with theplants in Whecl-bai> rowes, or fitch like with Wheeled; Gr thefe, to mens reafon,	-t
caufeth marvellous ealineife, doth in the bellowing abroad, and carrying againo into the warm« houfe, as often as need fhall require:
Theyouog plants may 6e defended from cold and boiftcrous windes,yea, froth, the cold aire, and hoe Sunn«, ifOlaf&s made for the oncly purpofc,be fee over them, which on fuch wife bellowed on the beds, yeelded in a manner to Tiberius Cx[art Cucumbers all the year , in which he tooke a great delight, as after the worthy Columella^xht learned Plirtie hath committed the lame to memory,which every day obtained the like, as he writeth,
Buc with a lefler care and labour, may the fame be performed, as ColumeO« writeth, if in a funnie and well dunged place (faith he) be fundrie roddes fet a row, afwell of the Ofioe os Bramble, and thefe fo planted in the earth,after theEquino&iall ofHarveft, to cut a little within the earth, whofe heads after th* wifer enlarging with a ftiffe woodden prick, to bellow foft dung either within the pithes of Öfters and Brambles confiding in the middei: thefe done, to fixe or put feeds of the Cucumber into the places, which after the growing to form bignefie, /oyne with Öfters, and brambles.
For the plants ou Inch wife growing,are after not fed with their owne, but a* it were by another mother roote feeding,which by the fame raeanes yeeld Cucumbers, that will indure the cold fcafon and frofts.
F f
The128	The Gardeners Labyrinth.
The learned Plinie uttereth the fame matter,admonifhing here the reader of the wrong inftru&ions of Columella^although he fee-meth to alledge an Authour , for which caufc it fhall be to great purpofe to heare the featesee of Plinie in this, who removing the error of Columella uttered , that Cucumbers may be enjoyed all the yeare greene, intru&eth and willech, that the greateft roddea of the bramble be fee againe into a funnie place, where thefe be cut, well two fingers long, about the equino&iall fpring or middle March, and into the heads of thefe after large holes made, the feeds to be bellowed lying efpecially within the pitches of the Brambles, and filled with fofc dung, which done , that fat dung and fine Earth, after the well mixing together 3 ought to be thicke laid,and diligently heaped about the roots, which may the better refill the cold.
But howfoever thefe ought to be handled, it Well appear* eth, that Plinie doth difagree with Columella, in this inftru-ftion.
For Plinie willeth-thefe to be let about the Equino&iall fpring, but Columella about the Equinoftiill Harveftjasthe Neapolitan Kutiliut interpreted and noted the fame, to whom, as it (hould feeme, he bare a favour.
The plants much feare the thuqdcr and lightning, for which caufe the Gardener may not (ec nor remove themat thofe times: befides, if the tender fruits be not covered over with Ihe, ts or thin Coverlets, when fuch tempefts ©r ftormes happen, they commonly after perifti and wither.
The Gardener minding to polfclfe long and tender Cucumbers, ought to fetunder the young fruits growing, an earthen panne, Bolet,or halfe tub, filled with faire water, well five or fix fingers, yea, halfeafootdiftancefrom them, for thefe by the next day, will be ftretched unto the water,fo that fetting the Pannes lower into the earth, or railing the fruit3 higher, ye fhall daily fee them ilretched forth towards the water, unto the admiration of the owner,for the length of them: which deprived of their vefiels of water, (hall in a contrary manner fee them winded and crooking, fo much thefe joy in the moillure, and hate the drouth; the fruits likewife will grow of a marvellous length, if the flowres be put to grow within hollow Canes or Pipes of the Elder: but the fame is otherwife to be learned of the Oyle,for as the Cucumbers fo deadlyThef econd fart of	129
ly hate (as Plinit writeth) that Jetting veflels of the oile , in deed of the water under them , they after bend and winde away , at difdaining the licour, which the owner (halt well trie and fee that thefc to have bended fo crooked or winding as an hookein one nights fpace.
Butthcremuftbeafpeciallcare-, as Columella (after the Greek f/orentin«/(admoniflieth,that no woman,at that indant,having the reds or monethly courfe, approacheth nigh to the fruits,efpecially handle them, for through the handling at the fame time they feeble and wither.
If (he in the place be like affc&ed, (he (hall arcer kill the young fruit?, with heronely look fixed on them, orcaufethem to grow after unfaverie or elfe corrupted.
The Cowcumber will yeeld frnits without feeds, if three dayes before the fowing,the feeds be ft^eped in Oyle Selafministm or Satin Oylc (as the Neopolitan Rutilius hath noted) or that the feeds afo»e be deeped in the juice of the hearb named of Pliuie3Culix3 or as the fame in Greek may be c. njeftured to Ciniz.J , in Englifh Flebane-
The like (hall be wrought,if the firft armes or branches(aftcr th* condition of the veins)be oh fuch wife digged about,that only th« heads of them appear naked, which a third time to be like barred, if need (hall fo require, yet luch a diligence to be exercifed in the fame, that what branches grow out, and fpread on the earth to be workemanly cut away, preferving onely the ftemme and branches that laft (hoot forth; which on fuch wife handled,yeeld fruits with the onely Pulpes, hating no feeds in them.
If the Gardener defiretb to enjoy Goweumbers,having Roman« letters, ftrange figures , and fcutchins or armes imbofied on the greene rinde without, he may after she lively counterfeiting of formes on the Mou'ds ofwood,beftow of the potters clay, or plainer of Paris unto the thickneffe of a finger, which like handled, and cut into two parts, let drie in a faire and hot place, that thef« may the fooner ferve to ufe, after bellow into the hollow moulds, framed to a like bignede and length as the fruite of the young cowcumber», which fad bound about, and fo dole together, than no sire breath in,let thefe on fuch wife hang untill the fruits have filled the moulds within, which they joy to doe, and be ready to be gathered.
F f 2
ForI;jd	Tbe Gardeners Labyrinth.
For the young fruits of property, by the report of thcskilfull, do fo much defire or be fo wonderfull defirousof a new forrac,that into what workemanly veflfel or mould the young fruits be beftow-ed,they by an earned will and defire rcprefent the figures counterfeited wuhin,as the fame is' found noted in a fingular work of Huf-bendrie.urhich, why Rutilius may aferibe to Gargiltus Mmialit,
I fee no reafon.
To be brief, as the cunning of the mould (hall be, fuch will the beaucie of the fuites be : for many fruits have been feen (as Tltnit reported! ) which prefented the image of a winding Dragon on them.
The owner minding to injoy Cucumbers, a long time frelh and falre, ought to beftow them in white wine lies uncorruptcd or not turned, the veflel after the well pitching without, covered with a heap of fand, in fome low feller or vault in the ground,
ThcOucumbers do like continue a long time,\f they be bellowed in a proper Pickle, made of water and fait.
But the frelhneffe and delight of them,will a longer time be preserved,if after the husbandly mftru£fions,the owner hang them fo highinBarrel!*or Firkins, being a quarter filled or fonaewhat lefTe^ that thefe in the hanging doe in no manner touch the vi-neger.
And the vefiels (hill be diligently pitched about, which the owner prepared! to ferve to this parpofe, that the force of the vi-rieger,in no manner breatheth forth, for this by nature is other-wife psnetrable9*nd picrceth through ths thinneffeof parts, Aud by this pra&ife, may the owner ae due times, all the winter through, make dele&able Sallees o! them.
Th i Cueumbers(by report of che skilful)are the longed time pre-£;rvid trclh and gceen,if fo be thefe are beflowed in a Glafle veflel, hired wish the pureft diftilled vineger, which if the owner will» he may alfo preferve a long time, if that he cut theai off, whiles they yet be young and fmall, and thelc bellow in a veffclof hot water tobelcalded, which done, lay the Cucumbers abroad all the pight time, to be throughly cooled, after lay Cucumbers into a veffel filled withafliarp Pickle, made of water and fair: for this wiU preferve them,by th* former «canes, untill nevr doe ©ome or may be had.
The ancknt report, that a Pickle may be made, to preferve the
Cue umbersr
'The fecond part of	131
Cucumbers and Gourds a long ci'-trc, with fait, vinegar, r ennei’a and Marjoram, if fo be the Cucu nbe.s in fouie veild, be laid by courfes, and thefe above named, tfrewed between.
There be others, which affirme, that thefe may along time be prelerved frelh and green,if they be bellowed into the Pkjfl^' made ofViacgar and Muftard feed wreugh together,
The learned Pliuj willech the Cucumbers to be laid in a furrow made in alhadowieplace, ftrewed after the form of a bed w^frl fi *• ted fand, which on fuch wife handled, to be covered over with earth and dry Hey.
Atbtndiis reportcth,that the Cucumbers be biggeft and faireft to to the eye,at the full ©f the Moon,fo that thefe receive an increafe according to the Moon* light, through the wacry moifture confi- ; fting in them.
For which eaufe, if the Gardiner mindeth to enjoy fair and big Cucumbets, let thofe be gathered at the full of the moon, wherein the dccreale or wane of the Moon, they be then flenderer and not fo fightly to fale.
To thefe, this Atbtneus (favored of flinie) addeth,that how ofi-ten it thundereth and lightneth, the Cucumbers (as ftriken with fear ) turn and bend.
This one thing is marvellous, that Moiles and Afles are exceedingly delighted with Cucumbets, in fo much that they receiving the favour fa? off, are by a marvellous delight allured to runne and breake into a place, where thefe many times grow. For which caule, the hedges and banks about muft be ftrong made, whereby they in no manner, break in to tread down and waft the Ojcu,^He bers.
But the fame is more marvellous which in the Greek inftruftions of Husbandry is noted, and of many hath been proved, that if an Infant being fick of the Ague, and fucking fUIl of the breallbelaid on the bed made of the Cucumbers to deep, being framed of like length to the Child, and that he fleepeth 011 the bed but ’ a little time or a nap, he (hall immediately be delivered of the fame, for while he fleepeth, all the feverous heatpafleth in the Cucumbers.
If the owner would enjoy Cucumbers, having bat little water i 1 them,he muft dig a furrow,of a reafonble depth,^nd ehe fame fillei halfup with chaffy or the waft branches of Vin;» or Tree«, finely Ff 3	bro132	The Gardeners Labyrinth.
broken, cover over with earth, into which then beftow the feeds of a reafonable diftance afunder, and in the comming up, water not the plants, or thefe raoiften very little, but in the reft order the plants as afore taught.
To the loofing and purging of the body it alfo belongeth : if the owner (hall fteepe the feeds in the roots of the wild Cucumber bruifed, either Ruberb, Turbith, Agarick, EHebore, or any fuch like rnade into a Potable water, for three dayes together,or for five dayes together, after the Plants fhoot up, doth often moiiten them with this liquor,he (hall after enjoy fruits,which will gently purge the belly.	I
And they may be caufed to work thcftronger,if the roots,while they fend forth the branches,be digged about,and the fmaler roots upward cut away, in the places of which, a quantity of the Elle-bore, and fome other purging fimple laid, and the earth diligently covered about.
Tbe Fhyficke commodities and helpes of the Cucumber,
THe Garden Cucumber, is moift and cold in the (econd degree, but the feeds dryed, have the quantity of drying inthefirft, beginning of the fecond degree.
Dipbilns Cariflus ( a Phyfitian among the Greeks very well learned, and in Husbandry fingular ) difallowed or rather forbad the Cucumber to be eaten at the beginning of fupper, as a meat incommodious to the Creatore, in that the fame ( after the eating ) procureth the perfon like to reft',as the Radifh doth, bat this eaten laft at the meal, worketh an eafier digeftion of the meat, where ©• t hcfwife in many, this cafteth up the meats eaten.
The tougher part enclofing the feeds, is of a hard digeftion, but the fofter Pulpe or (ubftance within, is of far fpeedier and eafier digeftion, and profitable to the Cholerick, and hot and dry fto-nsack, being moderately eaten, for that this both conleth and ex-tingniftieth thirft.
The whole fubftance of the Cucumber,may moderately be eaten with Vinegar artd fait,of fuch which daily exercife fome labour of the body.
But.to fuch which labour not, or be flegmatick, this altogether d*j>yed,for as much as this greatly Ijarmcth efpecially theftomack i	andThe fecoad part of	*33
and iinews, yet hath the water ( workmanlike diftilled ) and the juyce clear drained forth,the properties ol removing the Ague,and mitigating thirft.
The Cucumber is not to be eaten fodden, but rather raw, n ich oyle and vieegar,and the better fruits are thofe which be gathered at the full ripenefs, or in the hand difcerned fomewhat light.
The feeds bruifed and drunk, doth amend the ftrong favour of tise Urine, but the decoftion more availeth then this, and affiwa-geth the heat of the Kidneyes, yea it abateth the heat, and third of the Fever.
The faid Difbilus inflqufteth, that the feeds have the vertue of cooling* and for the fame caufe, hardly digclled and fent by the windings of the belly, yeathefe (as he affirmeth ) doe caufe a great coldnefle, ingender Choller, and abate the veneriall aft.
The feeds after the bruifing, drunk in either Cuit or Milk, doe grealy profit fuch as have an ulcered bladder. To thefe, and fuch as are pained with the cough, if fo many feeds be taken and ufed at a time, as may handfomely be taken up with three of the fingers,and thefe after the bruifing with Cummine,drunk in wine, doth in fhort time amend the fame.
The faid powder drunk in womans Milk, unto the quantity pf three ounces at a time, proficeth the frenfie perfoni, and fuch rao-lefted with the perillous fiix Difiaterii.:yea,this powder drunk with a like weight of Cummine feeds, in powder, recovereth the fpit-ting up of corruption or matter.
The whole fubftance and meat of the Cucumber, hath the vertu« of cleanfing and cutting afunder, of which the fame caufeth clear bodies, and fo much the more, if any after the drying, finely beaten, and fearfing of the feed*, ufeth the fame in Head of a clen* I fing powder.
The learned Galen writing of the ufe and properties of the Cu. cu nbers,uttereth an inllruftion worthy the learning,that although thefe ( faith he ) be well dige fled of the Cholerick, and that fuch without care, eat plenty or much at a time of them, yet they in tha v continuance of time, increafe a cold and fomewhac groffe humour in the veines, which notable to be digafted in them,doth after cor-rjpc the fonnd blood.
For that caufe (faid he) I judge it profitable to’refrain the meats > being of an evill juyce and nourifhraentalthough that thofe in cer-i 3 4	Tfctf Gardeners Labyrinth.
tain perfons may eafily be digefted: for to us not taking a care a nt regard of them, is a juyce gathered (after a good diftance of ti roe in the veineg, which as foon as the fame once putrified by a 1 igh occafion, doth immediately kindle and caufe wicked Fevers : thefe hitherto Galen of the iHcommodites of the Cucumbers.
Chap, XX X.
IVbat skill and jeer elf are to be learned in,the fomngt audwnrh^
I manlike ordering of the Gourd,
A LI the kinds of Goards,require the fame travell and diligence -Zjl in the bellowing in the earth,as afore uttered of the Cucumbers, which after the large fetting »funder and often watering, appear ( for the moft part) above the earth, by thofixt or feve-nth day after the bellowing in beds.
The weak and tender banches, (hot up to fome height, and coveting by a certain property in nature upward, require to bedi-verfly added with poles to run up in fundry manner«, as either o-ver <a round and vaulted Harbor,to give more delight,through the fhsddw cauftd by if, and the feemly fruits hanging down, or elfe byjpoles dirc&ed quite upright, in which the Gourd ( of all other fruits) moft earneftly defirech, rather then so run branching and creeping on the ground like to the Cucumbers.
The plants love a fat, moift, and dunged loofeground, as the Neapolitan Rutitius in his inftru&ions of Hatbandry hath noted, if a diligence be be&dwed in the often watering of them,the plant! require a lefler care and travell, in that they are very much furthered,by the ftore of rooifture,al though there may be found of thofe, which reasonably profper with fasall ftore of moiflure, or being feldora watered, and that they of the fame yield fruit of a dele&a-berraft.
If the owner orGardener happen to commit feeds to the earth in a dry ground,and that the tender plants appear above the earth his care (hall then be to water them plentiful for the fpeedier (hooting up, after this manner: by taking certain pots filled with water, into, which tongue of cloth afore laid to the bottoms of the pots, that theft'may tkeworkmaulierdiftill and drop often bn the
r!.wii||Tbe Gardiners Labyrinth.	135
plants, through the (looping forward of them: which no doubt profiteth greatly the pi ants in drough and hoc feafons.
The longer and fmaller have few feeds in them,and for the fame more delegable in the eating ; yea, thefe are better accounted of, and fold in the Marker.
The Gardiner, minding to commit of the feeds to the earth, ought afore to fteepe them in a Bole or Panne of water for a night, whereby the feeds ape to be Town, may the furer be known, which he (hall well perceive by thofe retting in the bottome, of the cun-ninger fort preferred and ufed, but the otheis fwimming above, a* unprofitable, and lervingto no ufe, are willed to be throwne away.
T he chofen feeds are to be fet in beds together with three fin-geis unto the middle Joynts, and (harper ends fixed upward, but the bids afore ought to be digged two foot deep, and fo many broad, and the feeds bellowed wel three or four foot a funder, one from the other {in thefe filled up with old dung,) well turned in with the earth : or rather to procure them fpeedier to grow and yield the fruit the looner, let the beds be filled with hot Horfe dung, new taken out of the liable.
If the Gardiner would pofTefle Gourds of divers formes, as long* round^nd (hort,it behooveth him to choofe and fet the feed» according! y,For thofe feeds taken our of the neck of the Gourd, the owner after the counfell of »he lingular Columella, learned fit» mr, and Rutilius, fet in well dunged ground, with the (harp ends upward. Which after the well watering ( as above taught) yield fruitts long in form, tenderer, and barter efteemed. The feeds takes out of the midil of the belly, and fet into rhe earth with the big ends upward,do yield (after the husbandlylhandling and watering ) great fruits, round and large, of which after the thorew drying, and meat taken out, be Bottles and other VefTeli made, to ferve for divers ufes,in that thefe grow far larger in the belly,tb«n any of the other kinds.
The feeds taken out of the bottome of the Gourd, and fet witb the grofTe or big ends upward, do alfo yield after the workmanlike ordering, fruits both great and large, yet thefe far lefler and fhorter. And the feeds in general!, in what place they be fet,ought to be beflowed in earth wel dunged,and the rather with hot horfe dung, new taken cut of the flable, if thefe be fet in the raoneth of G g	March,1*’ The Gardeners Labyrinth.
March. But the feeds in no manner, may bebeftowedin lowpla-' c«s, leaft (howeri of raine falling, hinder and corrupt the fruit*,* through the overmuch water cloying and (landing in the Alley or other low place : the’plants fliot up to fame height, ought to be diligently weeded about, and the earth heaped high up, and when need requlredi in the hot (cafons, to water them often.
If the feeds happen to be fet in a earth finally laboured and hoi-; low, when the plants be forrtewhat grown above the ground, the owner ought to dig away of a good depth(from the young plants} the earth round about, that the roots may the freelier run ne and fpread abroad : the plants further growne and fhot up, may the owner ereft to run and fpread like to a Vine well a mans height,’ If the plants happen to be anoyed with the Leke or Garden fleas* the owner Hull remove and drive them away, by the onely letting of the herb Organie, in fundry places among them, on which ( if they happen to light) they either are incontinent killed, or caufed toencreaie but few after, as the Greek writers of husbandry, ip théir skiifull pra&ifes witneffe : out of which with diligence we havè’alfo gathered thefe/hat to the owner or Gardener may happily appear profitable 5 as the Gourd (a matter fomewhat Grange) t6 yield fruits without feeds, if the feeds before the fetting be ftee- j ped for three d iyes at the leaft,in Sefamirmm^ or Savin oile, as the Neapolitan Rutilius utterech, or in the juyee of that hérbînfnfe^, named Conyzt9 in'Englifh, Fleabane. . '
The like may be wrought,if after the cônidi ion of the Vine,the prindpalleft and firft (tem fhot up, be on fitch wife digged ^bvXÏf,1 that all onely the head ©f the fame be left l?are ; . which asitfliajl en créa fe, rhutt the owner repeat : yea, a1 third time if need jShalf rc q ûî re the .fa m 1 *. ! ;	\ "J	\."7';V;T.
' And in this doing, muft the owner hate a carathat as the bran» ches fpread for( whether upi ighc or on the grouncj)c'0 be cut away, hs.ein prefervirtg onely that ftem, which'(hoc forth .The Gourds on fuch wjfe handled (as the Cùtamber afore looted ) wijl yield fruits without feeds,pofftflîng'oheïy Ca/tîfàgesUnd a^ôf^ pulpe withiiî.J‘ If the ow,der;wo«ild poflefféff ni-V timely rsind very f Jon, then ( after the inftrhâjion'of the Greet Writers of husbandry) beftowin earthen pans or old baskets without bottoms, fine fifeed earth intermedkd with dung,about the beginning of the fpring, in which théfeeds fet* fprinckle and nioiften fundiy time
withThe f econd part ef	137
with water : after this, in fai/e and funny dayes, or when agende fhower falleth, tei them abroad, but when thè Sun gaeth downe, beftow the baskets with the plants within the houfe againe, and thefe like order fo often ( and water when need requireth) until ali the frofts,temptfts,and cold fcafons be gone and paft. After this affo on as oppertunity and time will ferve, and that a faire day be prefent, beftow all the baskets and pans of eanh unto the brim, in well laboured and drelfed beds, and applie that other diligence 'required, through which the Gardener lhall poflefle timely fruit, as well of the Gourds as Cucumber.
The fame matter fhall the owner bring to pafTe, and caule with lafler coft, travail, and time, if he cut away che waft branches of the Gourds, or tender (hoots of che Cucumbers, for on fueh wife handled, they fpeedier yield and fend forth their f uits.
I f the Gardener coveteth to enjoy divers formes on Gourds, or fundry carafters on Cucumbers, let him beftow the flower or ten-deryoung fruit of either, as the fame lhall yet be hanging on the branch, into a mould of like bignefle,as the fruit : which to handled, will after «aute the Gourd or Cucumber, to poflefle on the 'Upper face, the like figures or caraóters, as were afore imprinted within the mould.
For th« fruit of either,after the mind of G argilloso much detìreth a new form, that it like reprefenteth the image or figure imprinted within the mould, Infomuch that of what foim the mould of the Gourd fhal be falbioned,on fuch manner lhal the fruit grow with» In themould : And Plinie for confirmation of ehe fame reportetb, that he fow many Gourds falhioned in their full growth after the form of a winding Dragon. If the owner endeavoureth to poflefle long and flender Gourds, he muft beftow the young fruits new grown,and hanging ftill on the Vine branches,either into a trurick of wood, or a long Cane bored through all the joynts, which in time growing, wil lire ch & (hoot forth into a marvellous leogth. For the fubftance which Ihould encreate into a bredth, is cauled through the hollow pipe toftretch and grow flender, whereby the narrownefle of the hole fo hindering the bigneflè of growth* pro -cureth the fruit to run into a length,as the like Gourd by the fame occaflon, Plinie faw to extend well nine foot of length. The like fruì ts altogether (hall the Gardener purchafe, if under the Vines, he fet of fome deepaeffe in the ground earthen pans filled with
Gg2	water:138	Tta fuond f*rt$f
water} and they diftant well five or fixe fingers from the Gourds hanging downe. For by the morrow or next day (hall he fee the fruits ftrctched even down to the water, by which feeding and handling of the pans with water,they may be caufed to grow of a wonder-full length.
But the pannes for a time removed or taken away, will caufe the fruits to crooke and winde upward, fo much of property they joy in moifture, and refufe or hate the drowth : yet of the oyle is ctherwife to be learned, forfomuch as they deadly hate the fame as Plinie writeth, which if in the ftead of water it be fee under the fruits caufeththem by the next day to winde another wayr?*
If this likewife they cannot doe, yet doe they writ he, and as it were difdaining of the fame^crooke upward after the manner of a hooks, as a like forme of the fruit may be tried in one night fpace.
This one matter ought efpecially to be cared for , as ColumelU after the Greek Florentinus warnetb, that no woman come or very feldome approach nigh to the fruits of the Gourdes or Cucumbers, for by her onely handling of them,they feeble and wither, which matter if it (hall happen in the time of the Termes, doth either then flay the young tender fruits with her looke,or caufeth them to be unfaverie,and fpottcd or corrupted within.The Gourds determined to be kept for feed, ought after the minde of jRutilius the Neapolitane, to hang ftiil on thtir vine, unto the winter time, and cut or broken from the fame, to be dried either in the Sun,or In the fmoke: for the feeds othewiie are prone to putrifie,and not after profitable to any ufe.
The Gourds and Cucumbers Will indute, and be kept along time frefh and faire to the eye, if they be hid and covered with white wine lees,not over eger or fowre, in the hanging downe in pipes or hogfheads. They be in likemanner defended and preferv-ed by beftowing them in a pickle or brine. But they will a long time continue trefh and faire(as the worthy inftru&ers *>f husban-drie *ep©rt)tf fo be they hang fo high within the veflels, that they be nothing neere to the vineger. And the veflelsappointed for the ©nely parpofe, (ball diligently be pitched over and round about, leaft the lpirits of the vineger in the meane time breath forth,and by.nature otherwife is penetrable, through the thinndle of parts.The Gardenerf Labyrtmh.	j 3^
Tke Cucumbers may in like manner be kept for a long time, if they {hall be bellowed in a velîèl of diltilled viaeger : for on fuch wife they putrifie not, as hath been tried of the skiltull fearchers of feerets.
Thusbythefe praâifes, may the owner injoy faire Cucumbe. s and Gourds all the winter toufe,which if the Gardener wilJ,fl.ia!I he alio preferve a long time, if while the fruits be tender , he cut them offhand fealde them in hot water,and after lay them abroad all the night tocoole, and beftow them on the morrow Into a fharpe pickle of brine, made for the onely purpofe , which on fuch wife handled, will marvellous well indure, untill the new be come.
1« this place commeth to minde, and that very aptly, the fame which Atbœneus bo ailed, as touching his ftrange fcall that he prepared for his friends, efpecially in that he ferved them with greene Gourds for a daintie difli,in the moneth of January, which fo pleafandy favoured and eate,as if they had been new gathered, in a manner. Which like, by ftudieand diligence of the Gardener» that exerciled this art, they fùppofêd them to be prefe,rved.
As the like Nieander long before Atbdntus^ and many others re-portjwho will the Gourds to be firft dried in the aire, and hitched through the heads wich a ftrong packthread, to be after hanged up in the fmoke,that the pots filled with them may leafurely foak all the winter, and BMp in of the Brine.
Ac this day in F ranee, through all the winter moneths, are the Gourds hanged up in theroofesof their hautes, to be preferved for daintie dithes green,when ©ccafion offereth to ufe tHem,cfpeci-a!lv thole which are named the Ckrones, that far Ibngerindure, and be nui Co lightly fubjeft to pucrifyiug.
The fruits of the Gourds,Mellons,Pompons, and Cucumbers, may be caufed to loofe and purge,like to many others, if the feeds belieeped for a night and a day in the liconr made with Ruberbe, Agarickf, Turbithy Sen£3 CoL>cyntbhsScamomet or other fimple purging medicines and thofe after the bellowing in the earth, watered for five'dayes together, and five times every day. When the Gourd is felt unpleafMsr,the fruits by the fleeping. may after receive what favour and tafte the owner will,if the feeds before they be committed 10 the earthy be infuted for a time in any plealant licour, Whether the fame be damask or musk water,for the plants fhooting.up
G g 3	ofThe Gardeners Labyrinth.
of ■> thefe willyeeld fruit of like fàvoar, as well being fodden as raw, after the condition of iheCncumber.
The like altogether may be wrought- or caafed without any art, if whiles the fruit is a Teething, you bellow in the licouf Whac tafte , colour j ór favour you deffie to have. For the Gourd and Cucumber are of fucha kind«* that they be void of any qualrtie
The rinde of the fruit of the Gourd grown to full ripencfle,be-COmmeth fo hard as wood.	;	: .	'
The Gourd planted in the alhes of mens bones , and watered wish oile, yeeldeth fruit by the ninth day, as the ancient Hermes affirmeth. Which man, for that he teacheth vaine matters, for the fame caufe he giveth me occafion to credit him weakly. Yet experience Ido th many times eaufe the uncertaine to prove certame.
• The?hjfic\ benefits and helps of the Gourd.
THe frtìi* of thè Gourde, » of a cold and moift temperament and the feeds efpècially ufed in medicine. That worthy Phi- j jfitioh Grifippus with the Greeks, condemned or rather utterly forbad the Gourds in meat, as un profitable for their eoldnefle to the ftomack,
That skilfull man Viphilus contrary affirmeth, that the Gourds boileJ in: Water and vineger doe ftrengthen the ftomack.
The learned Galen writeth, that the Gourd in no manner may be eaten raw, in that the fame is unpleafant to eae, but either fodden, rolled, òr fried in a pan, is well commended«
The Greek writers of husbandry doe report, that the Gourd doth loofe the belly, and that the juice of the fame dropped into ^ the grieved eares, caufed ef heat, they affirme to profit, untò j " which ufe ot it felfe^ and with the oile of Rofes dropped warm« j into the ears.
i The outward rinde pared away, and the meat with the ker- *| ,nels not fully ripe, heated or parboiled in water, and after fhred J finali like to the Cabbedge, and boiled with butter, onions, and a a q untitie of Sab, This on fuch wife prepared and eaten, profit- J eth leane men.
CKhers after the cutting of che unripened fruit into round dices, i bolle them with butter in a dislike Appjtf »	TheThe fecond part ofx	1.41
The wine ftanding for a night abroad,in the hollow of the frefh Gourd,and'drtinke with a falling ftomack , pufgeth gently the belly coftive.
The meat of the Gourd,af er the feed* taken forth applied,help-eth che cornee of the toes and feet : thè juice of it boiled,and rub-ing the mouth therewith, fatineth loofe teeth, and affwagct-h thè paine of them, proceeding òf a hot caute. 1
The feeds òf the Gourd clean picked from the skfry being fod-den in barly water,drained and drunke,help the inflammations of the liver, kidnies, and bladder, the impoftumes of the bred , and provoketh urine.
If a lick perfon of the Fever, refijfe to drinke of this watet;,a fir-rope then with fuger, may be compounded òf the_ farae^ which mightily profiteth all kindes of Agues.	/ '* '.
The juice of the peeces of the Gourd,tempered iylth. milke and vineger, in which a linnen cloth wet,and applied on the livery very much afiwageth the heat of the liven »	V1'
When the winter approcheth, thèfeeds ought to be taken forth' of the fruit,and thefe rubbed well with faltf that the dominie humors may on fiich wife be removed.
The feeds ought rather t© be laid Ina drie place, whereby the proper moidure may not corrupt them, and thofe feeds like prepared, will indqfe for three years,1
The peeces of the rin^e of the Gcrjrd brufed,àiTjd anhòintéd or applied tD plainer forme pn the heads of infants, dòdi {affwage the' inflammation of burning caufed of the braihe': thepeeces or juice* of che fame applied , doth like mitcigate the burnirig Gout," and'
quaiifie-*he4nflammaiion»ofthe eyes.	-	......
The Gourd after therfiaeTHr^dding, applied in plaifter forme, aflwageth tumors and IweftiftgS1: «htftffiPafhes applied on burning» doth marvelloufly availe, the alhesalfo of the ri tides applyed on ulcers of the privie place,'beginning to putrifie j both pUìgèift', and bringeth them to a fca^.
Thèju^e'of ihe (jaur^aftertHé bollrag With a little hOriny antf Ny tife'dfynkef |f*ftfly todfet B hbb’bèlfy, ffrèTaide juice mixed with the Oils of Roles, aridlanhointed On the ridge bone and lóyneé, • cooleth the burning of Fevers: this befidesannointed h Ipèth the Ihingles.	*
Here learne that the Gourd rolled,or boiled in a diflb or frying-
. pan,,j 4*	The fécond fért of
pan,is more wholefome than raw,for that through theroûing, rt leaveth a great force of watery. moifîure,and therefore y eeldeth a fironger and worthier nourifhment.
The Gourd fodden, requireth a tartnefs to be matched with it. for the fame otberwife is felt unfaverie and without delight» fo that it better re ilheth, being matched with cither fait, foure or tart things that neerer agree to the benefit of our bodie, and the fame ought to be on fuch wife prepared, that it procure not the creature to vomit, as the fingular Galen hath clearly utîered.
37?c benefits and helps of the difilled water of the Gturd.
HP Me chofen time for the diftilling of Gourds, is when they be full ripe,for thefe then are to be finely (hred,and the kernels with the whole fubftance aptly diifilled.
Thediftilled water of the fruics,mixed with 3 quantide of fuger, drunke, not onely loofeth the belly,but.ceaf.th third,and helpesh the cough proceeding of a hot caufe.
The faid water drunke morning and evening unto the quanti-tie of three ounces at a time,foF forde dayes together, doth naac-velloufly help the ftonein the kid nies.
This .water drunke in the tike manner for ten dayes together, purgeth the kidnies and bladder,and caufeth urine.'this alfo drunk in the like manner5qualifieth the burning of fevers, when no other medicine can affwage the fame : this befides applied without, on this region of the heart, with linnen clothes wet in the fame, like repreffeth the heat.
Chap, XXXI.
Of the raft helps and fecrets of the Pontpons7 Mellons3and Afttsk^AdtlUons.
THe ancient, both of the Greek and Latine writers of Husban-drie , attributed the Pompons and Mellons, to a kinde of Cucumber» which they confcfled, very neer to agree with them, in that the Cucumbers , in their growth have been feene, to be changed into Pompons, and Mellon Pompons, which two kindes of fruité, doe differ in themfclves , efpeciailyin the forme and
quanti tic :The Gardiners Labyrinth.	143
quantity: for when thefe appeare to exceed in bigncffe, they are then named Pompons, but they growing round, and in forme of an Apple fa{hioned, are by a bie-nameof the Pompon and Apple, named Mellon Pompons. For w hich caufe Palladius nameih all this kind of forme Apples; Mellons; or as if a man thould fay he named them apple-wife, or Qjjince-like, which are not wont to hang^as PHttie writetb, but to grow round on the ground, and they are then grown to rioendfc,when theftalk is parted from the body,an^ a fweetfavour from.the belly ftriketh to the Nofe. Farther, thole growing after the formes of the Qaince, which properly are named Mellons, have a harder and tougher meat then Pompons, and they nut onely cnioy lefler wrinckles in the rind, but be d rier, groffer, whiter of flelh, and have more feeds rhen the Pompons*
The ether kind, named Cytron?, be in form and colour like to the Citron,and the leaves of the branches divided into many fmal parts after the form, feathers,or wi»g< of Birds.
The other kind named the Winter Pompons,are nothing fo big of growth,‘as be the common Pompons of rhe Garden.
But the belt kind of all, are the Mellons,next the Turkish pompons, and thofe made fweet by art, when the Seeds before th« bellowing in she earth, are for a night laid in water well mixed with Sugar, or honey.
The Mellons and Pompons hardly come up in any Country, at due time of the yea re, without labour, coft and diligence of the Gardener In battening them forward, nor thefe caufed well to Ipread end yield before the great heat of theyear be come, which fealon, fomeycare, bapneth divers, and intermedled with cold, and either over dry, or over moift; which much hinder the ripening cf them in the harveft rime,and toward the vintage.For which caufe the Gardener ought rohafien the fruits forward by dung,and heat of the beds, which alwaies procure a more health to persons. The feeds of Mellons to be committed to the earth, ought to be l'uch which have been kept within the fruit, unto the foil ripenefie of the lame: lor thefe then taken forth'of the Mellon be more worth,and referve in them the proper fabftance within the bodies.
If the owner would pofltfle the fruits of the Mellon timely, he* . ought afore to infafe fhe feeds in lukewarm water, fur ft» or tea hours, and thofe after so beftow in beds, prepat ed,*bout the tenth .
H h	day> f 4^	' The feccwcl part of
day of Mitch, welf.three or fojr foocdifhnt one from the other,, and the beds to IfaBD well twb foot high,and fom my broad,and to fiU'them with old^dangfinely btoken,' and with black earth fuffictently loofe wrought together, for on fuch wife handled they yeeld a bigger,-fuller, and pleafanter fruit. Certairae skil.full Gar-denersbeftatv horfe dung in beds,fb hot as the fame cometh forth of tha liable, to caufe the plants far fooner to (h Dot up, and they 1'	*•*. turn upward fix or ten ofthe feeds of th^o iipDns with the fharp
ends downward, as certain do four orfi/e of them to come up,and thole they lightly cover over, with^much beating or treading the earth downs on them.K.Kti/i#r in his husbtndry, willeth the feeds both of the Mdlon and Pompon, to be thin fet in beds, io fuch • manner, that the feeds be' placed well cyvo foot afunder, and the places well digged and diligently turned in with fine dung,for the plants joy in a libertie, that they may fpread'at will hither and thither, and are greatly holpen by other herbs, growing among them, as the Cucumbers are, fo that they (hall need but little raking and pulling aWay.of other herbs.
, After thefe, Tor danger of the cold and frofts, the owner may cover the plants and beds with light mattreffes made of ftraw, or with may fpread on rods, fhored up with the forkes fe t at each . corner of the beds, or he may for afeernlier fight, laie abroad bords pr tables on pillers or other ftaies of ftone, fet at each corner of the beds in fuch manner, that the bordimay bdifced off^ when tHedun fhineth hot, and fet over again,at the going down of the fun, or when thecofd aire is felt.	•	•
And afToone as the Mellon hath yeeldcd leaves fufficient great, t\je Gardener ought to water the fame gently arid fofdie, with a ljn fharpened at the end hanging forcfr,and broad at the other end, rtfling within' the Pot or Difb full of water, which on fuch vyife continually moiftneth (by the drops falling^ the Earth ve-».icj&cie.	* .
| The Mslipns further growne, the owner ought to remove, and the plants againe,wheo the fruits ire yeelded fd bigge as O- 1 tenges, and this efpecially rnuft be done after the middefi of May, when as the cold of the yeare isVel fpfent, that otherwifc might , Hinder the growth of them, and fet well lix foot diftant one from .the other, in beds diligently dunged and laboured.
The Pompons purchafe a far greaterfwceuieflc, and pleafanter |
in ‘ ^The Gardeners Labyhintb.	14^
in tafte, if the feeds afore be (leeped for three dayes in water well mixed with Sugar, or ip water and honey named Mulfe $ and in like manner the fruits are fund fweet in the eating, if the feeds fteeped in new Cow milk, then ftt wel injdrefled beds* . •
The Pompons in like manner will obtain a favour of Rofes, if tlje feeds afore be laied among dry Rofe leaves for twenty or thirty dayes together,and thofe after with the leaves, fet in wel dref-fed beds, or the leeds ileepecl ki Rofe-water, or,other odoriferous . liquor,which afeer the drying in the fhadow, then as afore uttered, committed to the earth, as the worthy. Author Flormtinus in his Greek inftruftionsot Husbandly writeth, .and after him the like that worthy Futilius.
Here 1 think it a matter not to be omitted, that Cats by.anear-' ntft defire covet the Pomptms, for which caufe the owners mpH: have a care to iooke diligently thereunto.	•*
To procure Pompons to continue a long lime without decaying or corrupting, let the owner watef the plants for a time, with the juyceof Houfeleek.	~	.
The other matters to be learned5are fully taught in thefecjrets of the Cucumbers and Gourds, where many devifes are uttered, that may be uled common. As if the owner would enioy timely fruity and having Itrange forms on them,big,laxative,and without feeds, let him diligently read and confider the former Chapters, both of the Cucumber and Gourd.	.
The Mellons and Pompons ought then to be gathered, when the ftalks begin to feeble, and the fruits to yeeld a pleaftut favour in the eating, at which time the owner muft diligently take heed of Cats, that have an earneft love and defire to them, as afore is uttered.
Alfo the Gardener ought to coneeive,that thofe named the win-terPompon?,doe never grow to a full ripenefle on their beds, and for that caufe to procure them fpeedHy to ripen, he muft (after the gathering) hang them up in the roof of the houtejandeat of shqfe, when they appear yellow within*
Hh 2	■ JR14^»	^ Thtfcoond fort of
2 be Fbyjickg cemmodiiies of the Pompons and Mellons. -
* I ’He learned report chat the Mellons cool and moiften in the ft#
cond degree, jet thofe felt fweet in tart* are temperately cold.
The feeds alfo are uled in medicine, and poflefle the fame pro* Petty*	...
Diodes Cartftitti (in libris fahtbrium ) uetcreth, the Pompon to be eafie of'digeftion, and to comfort very much the heart» yet tbc fame yieldech bat a fmall increafe to the bodie«
Dispbilus reporteth-, that the meat of the Pompon doth make fat, yet very hardly digefted, through cojdnefle mixed with »be molfture of the fame, befides,it rendreth a fmall nourishment, and hardly moveth the belly«
Tbsmias reporteth, that the Pompon muft be eaten after the fto-mackis emptie,.for that thishotherwife lightly converted Into thofe humours, which of the fame occasion hinder digeltion, through the preheminence that it then obtaineth In the receptacle of the meat or ftomack.
Therefore he willeth the Pompon?, to he eaten with . a failing ftomack, and to paufe from eating any other meat, until this in th? ftomack be half digefted;
Dipbilus writethi that the Pompons e nen, doe greatly affwage unnatural heats of the ftomack,and mitigate wicked Agues, ffj Galen reportethj that all kind.of Pompons, have the propertie of cooling, and enjoy a large ra<jiftme,yet thofe not wichouta tnani-feft quality of clenftng, in that the feeds-tnaivelloufly denfe the face of fun-burning, ofpimple?,ahd foul fpots..
This.Author further addeth, that the fame doth yield and cauft a wicked juyee, although it may fometimes be wel digefted of the ftomack:
Befties he affi’rmeth the fame to caufe Chollcr, and to yield the pl^ntie of moifture out of OTder.
T he Ponspons ought to be $aten for the firft meat, but in fuch manner that fuch which a re ftegmatick, do drink old wine after the f«u*e, and the Chollerick, to drink fome ibwre or tart thing after it, for on fuch wife handled, is all manner of harrae avoided.
For this kind of meat doth lightly alter intocholler, or fleum, , for which canle the over-fweet Pompon doth offend the Chollerick. and the fruit unripe the flegmatick.	ManyThe Gardeners Lajyr)ntb*	! 47
Many worthy men prefer the long Pompons before the round, yet doe all the hinds move or loofe the belly, and caufe Urine, fo that they (hal be ripe. For which eaufe they are judged profitable for the kidneiea, but the feeds more avajle, inlomuch that hones there prepared they marvelloufly expell.
Ti e outward rind of the Pompon a'pplied to the forehead,doth effcQaoufly aflwage and hay the running of the eyes.
Such which have a hot ftomack, and encombred with Choller, are greatly harmed,if they drink wine after the eating of the lame, in that of the own nature it is lightly caufed,and the wine immediately increafetb it more, and caufeth a (harper humour in fuch bodies, and apt ro vomit: yea this alfo extenuateth,grofs and cla-my humours, yet doth it well agree, that the flegmatick eat of the Pompon: forafmueh as in the fame is a fubftance tender and folu-ble, that is, the fame which is next to the feed, for this doth not lightly corrupt.
The perrons which eat of the Pompons, may not immediately eat any other meat after them,in tha: thofe both corrupt, and al-ter-the lame eaten.
All the kinds of Pompons provoke vomiting, in bodies prepared, except the meat, enjoying a good juyee, be eaten cmmediatly upon,fot they on fuch wife, move the fpeedier downward»
The greater number of Phyfitians write, that thofe eaten, doth mitigate the venereall a£tj and do abate the genital] feed. -
The feeds properly clenfe the face, if the skin be fundry time« waOied with the decodtion of them; the Mellons ( as Galen repor-teth, in lib. <te facultatibiiS alimentorum ) have the property of clen-fmg ; for which caufe they may aptly clear funny fpots, pimples, . and other foul (pots both of the face and body, .
The leeds of the Mellon clean picked from their upper skin,and diligenly brought to powder with bean flowre,this after theartly vox ng with Role water, and dryed in the fun like cakes, difiblve in faire water, wafhinK their face fundry times with it: for it mar-vellonflyclenleth, and proeureth with wine a clear face, yea the lame mundifieih all foul fpots on the skin.
Thefeeds alfo have the property of caulitig Urine 0 yea, thofe purge both the Loines and Kidneies, but the feeds more availe in the Loines,then in the Bladder,fo that a mightier remedie muft be invented for the (tone in the bladder, then for the done of the >oiaes and kidnies*	Hhj'	Thei'48	'the fecond fart of
The roots of the Mellons,’hot onely clenfe, but heal the u leers full of matter,’being applied with honniein plaifter forme.
Many there be5which eat the Mellon with vineger, but to it they adde and m»xe,the Penniroyal and Onions, by which the hacme-fuil force of the cold might bc Wj tempered, ’
*Dipbilui writetK, that a little peece of the Mellon put’into a pot ivjth meat, caufeth the fpeedier boiling of the Nettle or Muftard-fteds or the flip of the fig tree, on fuchwife ordered..
■ ;
The commended helps of the efifiilled water oft he Mellons.
’"T^Hebeft time for the diddling of Mellons, is when they be JL throughly ripe, which fhred fmall, dillill after art, about the harveft time.	* .
The didilkd water of the Mellons drunke, helpeth Angularly *	the done, procureth urine, and cienleth the kidnies,th& rather be-
ing ufed both morning and evening, for three or.four weeks together, unto the quantitie of three or foure ounces at a time.
. The faid water,for a time dmnke,not onely coolcth the Liver, but eooleth and extinguifheth all inward heats not naturall: yea,
.	,, , * this tempered with Sager and drunkfe , ceafeth marvellaufly
third. .
The water drunke,in like manner abovefaid,amendeth fpeedily an old cough.	•]
The water applied without the body, with linnen clothes wet in the fame, not onely expelleth the heats, but the fwellings*of the	j
bodie, wherefoever thofe fhall happen.
* Chap. XXXII,
iVorthie in fir nations about the fiwing and fating- of fundr it phyfiof^ hearbs, to theft of tbegreatefi number of fragrant hearbs, and plea-fant flowers: and firfi of the bleffid Tbifile.
WHere afore we have fuffidently written of the apt placing and workmanly ordering of the 'mod hearbs and fruits, both for the pot and fallets, and for their benefits for the uie of phyfick: in this part followmg(for a further inereafe and comfort.	-	I
The Gardeners Labyrinth. r qp
. of the Ample) we purpofe to intreat not onely ofthearriy placing of fundrie phyfick hearbs, but to what ufesthefe ferve for the aid ' and benefit of health.
And of thefe we intend to begin with that worthi« hearb turned the blefled Thitile(for his fingular vertues)afwel againfl poyfons, as the peftilent ague,and other perillous difeafes of the hearr:whicli to many at this day is very well known,although great controver-fies have been’araongft the ancient Phifitian*, about the truede-fcription of the hearb : for both the name and forme of the hearb, doe declare the fame to be a kinde of thiftle : yet the learned Rutu * lius writing of the blelfed thiftle,came neerfer to a troth,and faith-fuller deferibed the forme of the hearb, in that he affirmed the fame to have a big ftalk, and leaves crifped with prickles(afrer4:he condition of the Eddive)the flower yelIovrifh,and feeds fmall,contained within the foftdowne, ( as in the oth^1 thiftles) and that they doe late wax ripe»
This hearb named the blefled thiftle,requireth to be fowne in a well laboured ground, and the feeds ought to be committed to the earth in the firft quarter of the m<?one,but thofe not to be beflow-ed in beds above three fingers deep.
The hearb alfo joyeth and well profpereth comming up among Wheat,	*
The Phificl^ benefits and helps of the blefed Tbifile,	“	,
THe hearb of quaffoie is hot aud drie, which the bitter tafte of thefamewell demonftrateteth, bdidesic dristh and lome-whatdigeftech : the hearb hath the nafure and propereie of op.en-* ing the flopping of member^ , and of pearceitig and caufing urine.
The blefled thiftle either eaten or drunke delivereth the patient from the mightie paine of the head which vexeth about the eyes : tfus alfopjfteih away the giddinefle of thehead, reftoreth ( by a like reTon)meraorie foftjthe hearing,and difeafes of the Lungs.
The leaves brought to p3uder,and drunke in wine,corifume and fend forth the fleu'r’ • 88 the ft .mack, but the leaves are the better and handfommer £ k<*rt rive pouder pills be made.
This ifi lit M .^anne* p « geth the breaft and bloud , and very much profiteer! the confuropdon of the Lungs: the leaves boiled
in.150	* The fscondpart of
in Wine,and drunke hot,doth ceafe gripings,provoke fweat,break theftone,and help the monthly termes.
The hearb for a timeufed,comforteth the braine and light, not onely if the fame be eaten,but if the eyes alfo be annotated therewith.	^	.	.
When the juice of the hearb cannot be had, then let the ponder," or the hearb it felfe dried,bee fteepedfor a ntghc in water,and the eyes waihed with rhe fame: The juice alfo dropped into the eyt«, removeth the bloudconfitting in them.
TheblefledthitMe refrainech or lioppeth the bleeding of the nole,or mouth, if the hearb be appLyed to the place, from whence it runneth.
The powder of the fameherbe purgeth the ‘Vvttla , the Jawes, and throat, andcaufethat the patient may.theealier tat and fpit forth fleume and gtpfie humour p,	^ ,
The hearb drunke In wine, amendeth a weak ftoroack , procured an appetite eo meate, and abateth the heat: yea,this confu-meth the evill bloud,and engendrech the good«
If the hearb (hall be boiled in water, and drunke, the fame c >n-fumeth evil humours,and preferveth the good,this boiled in wine and drunk, provoketh fweat.
The hearb drunke boy!ed,or raw with wine,breaketh the hone, the fame eaten, ftrengthneth the palfie members, and recove ret h theexulcerated lunges«
The blefled thiftle boiled in the water of a healthful male childe drunke, profiteth the dropiie per(bns,helpcth the plague, and dif-folveth all impohumes: yea,this removeth the canker and falling ficknefle: thepouderof the leaves, unto the quantity of halfe a Walnut- (hell at a time drtmke in wine,« a moft prefent remedle agataft the plague^ if the fame (hall he received within foure and tvtreatie hoores fpaee of the time grieved: If wine be boiled with the hearb,and drunke,profiteth the like; this by a like manner received,amendeth the rotten Fevers of the ftomack, and fueh en-cumbred wiph the feaver QE»artane: the downe proceeding of the flowres of the blelled thiftie, applied on deep cuts, and new wounds, doth in (hort time cure them without paiue.
The pouder of the hearb mix rd with raeale, and a plainer. Cm ployed of the fame wkh hot vineger,helpech the pufhrs and other - fwellings of the plague: the hearb cureth any manner of burning,
andthe Gardiners Labyrinth*	151
and the blifters proceeding of the fame, if afore dried, an^ mixed with the proper juice it be applyed on the places.
This hearb drunke with white wine, rexnoveth the Collick, and putteth away fcabs: the hear<b chawed in the mouth, amendeth a ftincking breath : the hearb alfo bruifed , and applyed on botches fpeedily cure, h them : yea, this reedvereth the defaults of womens places,and cureth the termes.
The bite of venemous hearts may be holpen , eiiherwiih the juice,or deco&ion of the hearb in water : the pouder of the hearb eaten or drunk, helpeth Hitches in the fide, and the pku-rifie: this alfo profiteth infants incombred with the falling ficknefs, and wormes.
Many worthie Phyfitians affi' me, that the pouder or juice, or the deco&ion of this heii b doth expell all manner of poi-fons : the example of which matter Hieronimm Trjgui ( in his Herbal) learnedly uttereth, where he reporteth that there was a cerfiune young maiden, which unknowing thereof, did eac poifon in an apple given to her, whofe bodie incontinent fwel-led, and no mediciue could aflwage the fwelling untill that thedirtilled water of this hearb was mirtiftred to her, vahicii in Ihort time mittigated or abated the fwelling , to the wonder of many, lo that on this wife thechilde was delivered from all peril of the poyfon»
A like hiftorie reported of others, that a childe happened to fleep in the field open mouthed, into whofe mouth an Adder crept and went down into the bodie, but after two ounces of the dirtilled water was miniftred, the Adder incontinent crept forth again by the fundament without further harmc or hurt unto the childe. Wherefore againft all poifonf , theyaf-firme the pouder, juice, deco&ion or dirtilled water of this hearb, to be a lingular retnedie, applied cither within or with* eut the bodie: but after the taking either of thefe , the patient ought to be diligently covered with clothes, that he may well fweat for three houres fpace*
The wine made in harvefi of the blelTed thirtle , and drunk in the time anfwcrabie, profiteth and helpeth all the griefs before uttered.
i i	n*r$>	The fécond 'fart of
etbt mnmtndeàvmms tf tbe dijiititd water of tbt « ■	■ -	- ’ . blejfed Ibiflie* •
THc time and order of diftilling of the fame , is, that *he A hearb alone, about the end of May be diftilled.
The water diftilled of the bleffed thiftle drunk unto the quantities of two or three ounces at a time, both morning and evening, puctech away head-ache, comforteth mefnorie, help-eth the gidd'mefle of the head, and recovereth efpecially all the griefs of the eyes,'although they be but wafhed with the lame*
The water in like inanner taken , profieech fuch being in a confumption of the bodie. The water in like quantitie drunfc both morning and evening, breaketh the hone , and cureth any burning, by often applying linnen clothes wet in the fame.	•
The patient molefted with the quartain or any other Ague, fey taking three ounces of the diftilled water of the hearb faft-ing, well a quater of an honre before the fit of cold begin, and lying down tofweat, be well covered with clothes, fball Within certain fits foufinghimfelf, be delivered either ofthe one or other Ague, the like doth the deco&ion of theiiearb or the pouder drunk.hot with wine.
:.Agâinft eating Cankers, or any other putride ulcers, there is fcarcely to be found any other worthier than the leaves, the juice, deco&ian, or water of the bleflèd Thiftle, And notable difeafes hath the hearb recovered, efpecially in women, whole bfeafts were eaten and contained, with the Canker, even unto thé bare ribs, by cleartfing firft the places with this water, and applying after the pouder of the hearb , Which on fuch wife handled, healed them ih fhort time.
And bathes are profitable made of this hearb, forthedif-folving of the ftone, and provoking of the Termer.
.. t t ..	- .	»	*	... *	.
a
CHAP. XXXIir.The Gardeners Labyrinth.	.153
Chap, XXXIII»,
What care and feerets art to be learned in the Jawing and fetting of the hearb Angelica.
He hearb Smyrniumf which acthis day of all the Phyfi-
tians arid Poticaries throughout Europe is named An-gtlita : this when in thé firft year it (lull come up of the leed, yceldeth ftalks of a foot and a h,alfe high , a finger big* round, tender, fmooih, and bending back to the earth : thefe alfodivided and fpread forth into two, or three, and many times four fma/lerftalks or armes, in whole top areleayes in forme like to the leaves of the Sraallach ,;but far greater, and thofe, divided into three parts, (hj rp falhioned at the end, and growing unto twelve fingers in height and breadth, and green all the Winter.
In the fécond or third year, the ftemme Ihooteth up, out of the middle of the leaves, and in height two or lometimes three cubits, increaGng within a thumb biguefs for the moft part, round jointed, whitifh and fmooth , and as the fame were fprinckled with dufty fpots.and hollow within, befec al-fo with leaves in joynt forme, much lelfer then the abovefaid. This alfo hath little branches and certain ftemmes {hooting forth, in whole top are great tuffes, well five or fix Inches broad, and thole in forme imboflêd round, and full of win-tifli fl uwers, in which doe after fucceed two feeds, conjoyned together, long, cornered, and of alhie white colour : thole alfo contained within thehuske, belong, plain, black without , white within, and the tough kernel covered with a rinde or pilling lharp edged. This increafeth in root many times fo big as the hand can claplè about , and lometimes bigger* yea, it lendeth forth the root before the ftemme be come up, trhich root inerealitb in years well a footed length, or into* many parts divided , being black without, and white within* big, loft, and full of Juice, which being cut, fendeth forth a yellow Juice, or licour from the inner fide of therinde, and a like licour is contained in the veins of the leaves, but the fame more watery.	-I i 2	The154	Tfo [econd fdrt of
The root,feeds, and leaves poffefs an eager tafte, fretting the jaw e?jfomew hat bitter,thin,and aromatick or fweet fmelling.
The moft cffe&uousof all the parts, is the proper licour, next the feeds, then the root, laft the fl >wers and leaves.
Thehearb Angelica joy eth to be fowne in a well laboured earth, and the fame rather drie than moift, for the harming by wormes, after the comming up, this reqnireth to be diligently weeded about and feldome watered. This Angelica flourifheth and beareih flowers in the moneth of July and Augutt.
7be f byfich^commodities of the Angelica,
THehearb of qualitie is hot and drie In the third degree, it openeth, extenuateth, and diflulveth.
This hath fpecial properties againft poyfons, it cleareth the. bloud and body. .
The root is foveraigne againft the plague, and all manner of poyfons , the like doth the diftilled water of the root prevailc.
The ponder of the hearb, unto the quantity of halfe a drarn, with a dram weight of pure Trickle , given in fcure or five ounces of thedilliiled water of the fame, and the patient well covered to ftveat, doth marvelloufly help the iwfeftionof the plague, and fudden agues or fweating.
And for lack of Tiiacle, may a whole dram of thepouder be miniftred.
The root of the hearb(after the infilling in vineger) applied to the ftofe,orthe pouderofthe root drunk lometimes fading in wine,very much avaikth againft a peftilerit aire.
The diftilled water of the Angelica, orpouderof tberoot eeafeth gdpings of the belly proceeding of cold, if the belly ©therwife be not coftive* To be brief, the diftilled water and - ponder of the root, recoverech all inward griefs of the body, and in the pleiirifie or ftitch'es of the Tides, this is profitably mi? aiftredv The pouder ©f the Angelica(or as fome write the diftilled water of the hearb)helpeth ruptures, and the difeales of the Lungs, it puteth awaygripings of the belly, amendeth the ftrangury,fendeth forth the yonglingand Tcrm.es, and diflolv-all inward fwellings of the bodie.	TheThe Gardeners Labyrinth. i5 r-
The root boiled in wine or water and honey, and drunk,pre-vaileth in all the abovefaid griefs,being in due order miniftred. The juice bellowed into hallow teeth, ftayeth the running ot them: the water of the herbe dropped into the ears, doth like availe in the lame. This alio amendeth the dimnefle of %hc. The leaves of the Angelica wrought with the leaves of Rue and Honey in a plaifter form, and the fame workmanly handled, doth not onely heale the bite of a mad Dog, but the fling of venemous worms. This plaifter applied on the head of the patient lick of the Ague, doth in Ihort time draw to it all the heat of the leaver. The diftilkd water, juice, and powder of the herbe, workmanly applied in the deep wounds, do cleanfe, and regenerate or renew flefh in the places.
The diftilled water applied with linnen clothes wet in it, doth marvelloufly alfwage the ache of the hips and gout, in that the fame conlumerh foft and clammy humours gathered.
Many other vertues of this herb may be gathered by the former helps uttered.
The feeds have like properties as the root poflefledi : the wilde Angelica is weaker in vertue,but boiled in w ine and applied in plaifter form, doth efpeciallv cure new and old, ulcers.
CHAP. XXXIV.
What care and diligence is required, in the aril) [owing of tbeberbe Vtlerum,
rHe Valerian groweth up with a long and high ftem,jointed andhollow, bearing on the top a tuffe, and flowers purple mixed with a whitenefle,or white mixed With a redneflej after the form of Organy , the robt as big as the little finger, and white , with many other fma 1 roots branching in the eaitb, and thefeyellowilhofcolour,fweetin favour. And this doth Hitronimus book report to be true Valerian.and that rare to be found, which for the rarenefle, is at this day fowenin many Gardens. The Valerian cometh very well up, being beftowed in a moift and well dunged ground, and the heibe after the coming up, requireth tobeoften watered, untillithaih y«elded a high ftem*	Tl^ei § 6	T*be feeond pan of
4" The ThjfickJieneftt of the Valcrian.
THe hearb of qualiti/e hcateth in the third degree* and drl-eth in the beginning of the feeond, and the toot efpecial-ly fervetb for the ufe of Phyfick.
, The root of the Valerian brought to powder, and drunk in wine, provoketh fweat and urine, the like performeth the root it felf, being boiled in Wine; yea, this alfo amendeth the pain and hitches of the fides and back.
The root- dried, may be kept for three whole yeers, and gathered efpecially m the moneth of Auguft.
The powder of the root of Valerian, mixed with the white Hellebor, or Neafcwort, and the flowre of Wheat, this in apt places laid, killech Mice. The root boiled in white Wine with Fennell and Parfely feeds, doth mightily provoke the urine, cold, helpeth the pains in the fides, and movetsh the Terms» This alfo prevaileth again# poifon , and the plague , by drinking of it.
Certain do boile the root of the Valerian, with Fennell, Anuife feeds, and Liceurife, for the cough and ftraightnefle of breath.
The green hearb and frefh root bruifed, and applied , doth mittigate the pain of the head, flay duxes, and profiteth the fhingles.
The flowers or roots boiled in wine, and dropped into the eyes, procureth a clearnefle of them, healeth the great pile« in the fundament, and other ulcers 5 but this efpecially araendeth the dimnefle of fight, as Jeronimtts'i book witnefieth.
*fbe wortbit venues of tbedijlilled Water of the Hearb.
THe convenient time of the diftillation of the fame, is, that the root, hearb, and Item, with the whole fubftance, be fhred together, and diftilled about the end of May*
The diftilled water of Valerian, drunk unto the quantity of four ounces at a time, both morning and evening, and linnen
clothes'the Gardeners Labyrinth.	157
clothes wet in it applied upon , doth in -fhort time amend ulcers, old foies, and thofecaufingfwellings : yea, thisavaileth againft the piles, by applying linnen clothes wet in it.
The faid water drunk in like quantitle, both morning and evening, profiteth the creature having any bone broken : this alfo helpeth a rupture, or a bodie broken •' and dropt into the eyes, cleareth them.
The diftilled water of the Valerian, drunk unto the quantise of a fpoonfull at a time, every morning failing, doth expell the long worms in children.
This water drunk in like manner, as afore uttered, profiteth a gainft poifon , and a peftilent aire : it healeth new and old wounds, cleareth ulcers and impoftumes within the bodie, and removeth the ach of the hips.
The diftilled water orderly drunk, procureth clear eyes, removeth the pain in them, and procureth fweat, this poured into troubled wine, caufeth the fame purer and clearer to be drunk,
The faid water afTwageth the pain of the members, proceeding of an untemperaee coldnefTe, by daily annointing the members with it.
Ibe vertMts of tbt tliJUlled outer of the roots of Valerian,
n^He diftillation of this water is to be wrought, from the fifteenth day of Auguft, unto the eighth daie of the month of September.
This diftilled water drtink, as afore taught,doth remove pc i-fon,and profiteth againft venemous beafts.
The water diftilled drunk faffing, unto the quantise of fix ounces at a time, before the fit cometh, delivereth the Quotidian Ague.
The faid water in like quantise given,and both annoin ed, and applied with linnen clothes wet in it, amendeth the flitches in the fides.
When two perfonsat variance, fhail drink a quandtie of this water out of one eup together, it doth after procure them friends, and loviHg one to another.	C H A P.158	.the fetond part of
chap, xxxv.
'Ihe diligwu required in the btflowing of the herbe Bytonie.
THe Bytonie is an herbe, having a (lender Item, and fourc fqua re. growing in many places a foot and a half high, the leaves long and foft and indented roundabout, like the Oken leaves, and fweet fmelling , among the which, greater leaves are thole growing nigh to the root: in thetopof theftemsis the feed, earedafter the manner of Sa-verie, the roots fpreading fnaall,and bearcth purple flowers.
The herbe Bytonie joyeth to be Town in a moiftand cold ground, and by a brick or ftone wall , to enjoy the (hadow of the lame, for the herbe much delighteth to Hand in the Sunne beams.
T he Bhyfick^eomwodities of the herbe Bytonie.
* I ’He herbe Bytonie (after the minde of the learned) is hot and drie in the firft degree complpat, or in the middle of the fecond, and hath the nature of cutting afunder, which is manifeft of the tafte, that is fowre and fomwbat bitter.
Th<! herbe boiled with the flowers in wine, and drunk,ftay-eth belching, the rawnefle of ftomack amendeth,and the fowre reftings correfteth. The felf fame may the diftilled water, or a confe&ion made of the flowers with fugar,or the powder of the drie herbe it felf, or miniftred with honey.
The herbe drunk in wine, very much profiteth the difeafes of the Matrice : and this, to be brief, is available to all inward griefs of the bodie, in what manner foever the fame be taken. For this given in Mulfe vineger, unto the quantity of a dram, profiteth in the fending forth of the harmful! humours of the ftoraack, liver, milt, kidnies, bladder, and matrice.
The perfon which feareth to have drunk poifon, by taking a dram Weight of powder in wine, (hall be delivered of the harm both by urine and fiege.	TheThe Gardiners Labyrinth.	i59
The hearb (after the boiling in water ) drank , profiteth phrenfie perfons: fach-having the falling licknefle, the Palfie^ and ache of the Hips.
The hearb helpeth digeftion, if any after fupper eateth unto the bigneft of a bean of the fame, being afore boiled in honmie,this alfo fteeped in wine for a night, and drunk ftayefh vomiting.
! The hearb boiled in wine and drunk, expelleth the Ague, and miniftred to the weight of two d rates,with Hidromel^ fend-eth forth the water between the skin, and many humours.
Thepouderof the hearb to the weight of a dram dnf&<c with wine doth fpeedily help the Jaundile , and fendeth dow n theTermes. ‘
The Bytome boiled in wine and flrained, .if with three drammes of Hiera Piara Galeni mixed and drunk fafting,gently purgeth the belly: the heaib boiled with Honnie, reeovereth the confumption of the body, and mattery fpittingsof the Lungs.
‘.The hearb brufed, and aj5plyed in plafter forme on the hurt of the head, as witnelfeth ldpuleiuf9doth by a marvellous fpee-dinefs clofe and heal the fame, yea, this hath fuch a proper-tie , that it faftneth broken bones , and by this force draweth forth,and difiolveth the clotted bloud.
Thepouder of the hearb given to the weigth of a dram in wine, ftayeth the lpitting of bloud.
The leaves brufed and applyed in plaifter forme on the eyes, doth fpeedily help the eyes brufed or hurt by a ftripe : the roots alfo of the hearb boiled to a third part in water, and the eyes fuppled with the fame water,doe fpeedily remove the pain of them.
The juice of the hearb dropped into the eares with the oyle of Rofes, removetb all manner of pain in them, the fame amendeth the hardnefs of fetching of breath, if the breaft be annointed therewith : the herbe eaten caufeth the clearnef of fight.
The Bytonie boiled in old wine & vineger,unto the confirmation of a third part,'and gargelledin the mouth , removeth toothach.
Kk
Thisttfo	The fccend fart rf
Tbisdrtfnkin wine, recovereth an evil! colour of the body; the fame boiled in wine and drunk, they affirme of experience to profit the difeafes of the Milt.
The earing of two ounces ofehepouder with Honney for eipht daies together aflwagech the cough, two drammes of Bytonie and one of Plantains, miniitred with foure ounces of waroie water before the fic of cold,puteth away the quotidian.
Three drammes of the ponder, with one ounce of pure Bonnie given in threeounceiof warme water, before the fic comasing, doth marvelloufty remove the fits of the Tertian and quarcane ague.
For grief of the bladder, t ake four drammes of By tonie, of Parfely roots three fcruples boiled, but the roots of the Parfe-ly afore boiled in a pint of water, unto the confumpcum of the halfe, and then the Bytonie added to , and given Co drink, which fodelivereth the paine, that never after itcotn-meth again.
The Bytonie drunk in wine, diffolveth the ftone, and help-fth all painful griefesof the bladder, yea, this is moft effe&u-ous in the ftrangurk, certain perfwade for a lingular remedie againft the ftone,to drink the pouders of Byconk, Vervain, and and Yarrow, by equall portions in water.
The roots of Bitony boiled with the leaves unto a third part away, and drunk in water,wich the hearb applied alone, doe- mervelloufly aflwage (of experience known) the paine of the Gout.
The leaves heated between two new Tiles, and applyed to the forehead,doe micrigate the grief of the eies , and flay the running of them,in that thisamong other hearbs, whichthey apply to the head, obtaineth a principality.
%ht commended verities of the difilled water of Betonie.
THe time of gathering, and diftilling of the Become, with the whole fubftance,is about the end of May«
The diftilled water of Biconie, as Hieronimut Brunfuiunfis, a moft expert Herbarian witnefTcch, drunk unto the quantityThe Gardeners Labyrinth. i$i
tlty of four ounces at a time,both morning,noonejand evening, puteth away the dropfie, Jaundife, and any ague.
The diftilkd water helpeth the difeafes of. the kidnies, Milt, and Lungs, and all thofe griefs heretofore uttered: the water either drunke or applied on the places with linnen clothes wet in it, if the evill or grief fliall appear without the body.
Chap. XXXVI,
The skill and diligence required in the artly befowing of the Hearb hov age.
T He Lovage joyeth to grow by waies , and under the Eeves of an houfe , it alfo profpereth in fhadowy places, but efpecially delighteth to grow near to a running water.
This in the growing fendeih up a long and {lender ftemme, like to Dyl, jointed with leaves round about like to the Melyote, fweet favouring , tenderer and fofter, towards the top fmaller and much more divided. In the top of the ftemme groweth a tuffe, in which confifteth the feed , black, hard,and long, like to the Fennell feed , being flurp intafte, and fweet in fntelling, it alfo bcareth flower , and hath a pale root within, but black without, (harp, fweet favoring, tender, fall of juice, and by ting the jawes.
The hcarb for his fweet favor is ufed in bath, but the feed It of greater effeft in medicine.
The	benefits of the Hearts Lovage
*1"*HiiHearb of qualltie is hot and drie, In the third degree, ■*' the feeds indure in ftrength and vertuefor threeyears. The drie root bruifed heateth the ftomack, helpeth digeftion, expelleth fuperfluoui humors, and drank In wine , unto the weight of half a dram at a tinae»ceafeth all inward griefs: this K k a	alfoi6z	Tbefecondpartof
alfo expellcth poifons, caufeth urine and the Termes,and per-formeth the like matters,which the Angelica doth.
The hearb boiled in wine or water, and drunk, openeth the flopping of the Liver and milt, the hearb bruifed and mixed with Cumminej1, very much profiteth if the fame be drunk in wine, for this recovereth the flomack, and expelleth noyous windes out of the bowels.
The herb Lovage with Gilingale and Cinamon boiled in wine, and drunk with a falling flomack,amendeth the difeafes of the flomack, milt, and bowels, a pouder like to Eclegma prepared of the Lovage feeds, Gin tmon, Rapontick, and Ga-licigale, with fugar in equall proportion mix-d,and drunk in wine, availeth unto the abovefuid difeafes.
If any drinke a quantitie of the Lovage feeds, in wine fading, it procureth the perfon to purge both upward and downeward , the feeds after the boiling gaven up inglifter forme, doth greatly eafe the perfon pained with the Gout in the feet. .
The feeds fteeped for anight in white wine, and drunk farting, doe hiightily draw downe theTermes, yec are the feeds of themfelves over, forcible unto the ufe of the medicine inward , in that they miaillred or app'yed in plaifler forme, both break anddpenulcers,yea, cStpellmightily the dead yongling; ‘
For which caufe the ftrem’th of thofe feeds muft be tempered, by a like weight of the Fer.nell and Annis feeds, which on fuch wife miniftred, worketh h:,s propriety in the bedie without harp if.
Ear the feeds may fafelv be applyed without the body in any manner wiihoot any other addition to them.
_TfaeLov3ge feeds boiled artly in wine, doe'afiwage the gripings of the belly ^nd bowels, remove the fwelling of the flomack,digeft.the humors of the flomack, cure the bite of ve-nemous wormes, procure urine and the Termes«
A brth made of the Lovage,Rofemary,Peneroyal,Sage, Catmint, Cammomyll, Mellilote, the Cytrine, Stacbado/9Mu^ wort, and Fenegrat?,thefe together boiled in wine, and fitting over the fume to fweat, not onely opeoeth the poresThe Gardeners Labyrinth. *	163
of the body» and draweth forth all evil humours,butdi0blveth the ftone5procureth Urin and the Termes, healeth the Cramp, proceeding of the fulnels of body, the pain of the Gout, the Paliie, the Kings evill, and heateth all the inner members.
The root bruifed and applied in plainer form, doth greatly availe on the bice of a mad Gog, and venemous worm, in that the fame both mitigacech and expelleth poyfon.
The commended virtues »f the diftilled water of Lovage.
THe time of the diftillation of the fame is, that the leaves fhred together with the {ferns, be d.{filled in the middle of May.
The diftilled water of the Lovage, drunk morning and evening, unto the quantity of two or three ounces at a time, doth , in fhiort time help them, pained with flitches about the breaft and fides, removeth the griefe of the ftonc in the Loines and bladder,cleereth the hoarfenefs of voice,and putteth away the dangerous fwelling of the throatjby wafhing and applying on the lame, linnen clothes wet in it.
The diftilled water affwageth the fwelling of the head, and the akingofthefamcjif linnen clothes v;et in it, be applied upon:it procureth a whi'e and Ipvely countenance,if the fame be diligently walked both morning and evening with water.
This helpeth the pufhes, and redneffe proceeding of heat, hapning commonly from the knee down*ward, by applying linnen clothes wet in it, that ceafeth the heat and cureth tfre pulhes.
This cureth theCankcr of the mouth, if is be often wafhed with the fame, and that at each time, "the powder of the Bar-berrieroot be fprinckled upon;
This alfo cureth the grief and exulceration of womens places, if thefe be walked therewith, for three or four times a day: the fame doth the faid water perform©, if linnen clothes wet in it, be fimdry times applied upon.
CHAP,184	’ Tt>e ftccmd fart of
Chap. XXXVII*
l^bat care and skill is required in the be flowing of the Herb Elecampane.
IHe herb Elecampane groweth up with a long ftem,big,ard moflie,and the leaves with mofly hail s on the one fide, on thé top of the ftem,being m.my times amans height, is a big yealow flowre growing, in which the feeds arc contained,aad thofe by feeling procure itch.
The root within the earth, reddifh withcur,and white within, big, fharp in tall, and fweet fmelling. T he root is digged Up at the beginning of fuminer, and diced, dried in the fun. This efptcially flouriflaeth in the moneth of July»
The Eiecamane may not be fown,in that the feeds bellowed in beds profper not,but rather fet the young buds broken ten-derly from the root, in earth wel dunged and laboured afore. And thofe begin to fet in the month of February, well three foot afunder one from the other, in that thofe fend forth big leaves, and long roots fpreading in the earth.
7be PhyflcJ^ commodities of the Elecampane.
TRe Elecampane of quantity, heateth in the end of the third degree, and moifineth in the firft.
The powder of the dry root mixed with pure honey, and uftd in form of an Eelegma}amendeth the cough, the root al-fo of the Elecampane ( artly prepared ) defendeth the Lungs from evill humours, removeth the ach of the Hips and joynts, and fickneffes proceeding of a cold caufe.
This expelleth the groffe humours in man, and aflwageth the ache of the Huckle-bones «.boiled alfo in wine, and mixed with Sugar in the drinking^aroendeth that hard fetching of breath by the ueck,efpecially holded upright, and procureth Urine
The powder of the root drunke [in like manner, fendeth downe the Termes, and this is profitable mjniftred againft
poy-The Gardners Lt&yrinth.	16$
poyfon, and the bite of venemous wormcland beads.
Tke root canded with Hony or Sugar, is faîd vfcry much to prevaile agaânft the danger of a peftilefct aire, being afore eaten, for which caufe the raw root ( of many ) is «attui in the plague time.
The root of the ‘Elecampane is canded after this manner, by plucking the root out of the earth i h the month of Ottober, ac what time the fame is grown to a fall ri penefle,which then is co be rubbed and clenfed with a courfe hairy cloth,after this fera* ped fitir with a (harp knif, and thofe roots which are big, to be diced into three or four pieces fo long as a finger, which af* ter the putting into a brade chafer, to 6e tenderly boiled with Vinegar, butin inch manner, as the pieces burne not to the fides or bottom of the chafer: within three dayes after the boi* ling, they are to be dryed in the fan, and then beftowtd into a new earthen pot, well pitched about, on which a plcafanc Cuit poured to (ok# them in,and dore of the herb Savory pref-fed down upon them : which done, the mouth of the pot to be diligenty flopped with a skin or thick parchment.
The roots may otherwHc be ordered in feraping them clean, and after the catting of them into two or three pieces, well a finger long,to let thofe fteep in water a whole day over hot embers i which dene, to boil the pieces two or three times over, in as much weight of honey or fugar.
The conferve of the Elecampane root,may be made by clen-fingand ferap ng the root in the manner above taught ; which done, to cut them into thin flices, letting them foke in water over the hot embers, for alongfpace, and to boil them umili the liquor be all wafted, then to beat thofe in a done morter, letting them after to pafle through a ftratner or Iinnen cloth : this done, to boilthe whole with a like weight of honey and fuga r, two or three times over.
All other roots may in like manner be canded, and made into conferve, but far pleafanter in the eating, if to the confetti-on a quantity of Cinamon be added.
The fame alfo they name to be canded,when the root of the thing canded, remaineth whole after the eanding,buc the confèrve to a contrary manner remaineth not whole, in that
the166	The fecoltd part of
the fame is beaten fraall to the making of it.
The leaves of the Elecampane boiled in wine, and a plafter made of the fame, applied to weak and loofe members, doth Co much heat them, that in fhort time they recover ftrength and heat.
The Elecampane putttcth away ire and heavinefle, comfor-teth the heart, and fendeth forth the fupei fiuous humours by Urine: this alfo ( after the mind of Hippocrates') caufeth mirth,
■ The herb defendeth and preferveth the skin of the face,and like garnifheth the whole body with a continual! feemlinefle, the wine alfo of the Elecampane nude,heatech cold members, the fame drunk ordered, h,elpeth all the difeafes which are i-fore uttered. -
Here note, that all wines boiled or made of the herbs, do more prevaile in the morning, then at evening.
The Elecampane boiled with Pellitory, and mixed with oile, applied hot to the belly, ceafcth the gripingsof the bowels, and the fame applied wider the Navill, removeth and helpeth the ftrangury.,-
The worthy vertuetof the difltlkd water of the leaves of the Elecampane.
nPHe time anfwerable to the diftillation is,that the hei b and root fared together, be diftilled in the moneth of May, This water drunk morning and evening, for five or fix dayes together, the quantity of an egge-fael full at a time, expelleth the grief of theftonc.
The diftilled water drunk in the faid manner, or a quantity bellowed in drink, helpeth the poifon broken : the fame alfo dnink,and the head annotated^ therewith, in fueh manner as the fame may dry in, greatly comforteth the head.
The diftilled water drunk morning and evening for certain dayes together, comforteth and ftrengthneth the ftomack, a-mendeth the hard fetching of breath,the cough, pleurifie,poifon, the ftone, and Termes in women.
The diftilled water ftrengthneth the members anointed
ThereThe Gardiners Labyrinth* t i6y
therewith» and the more by daily drinking thereof; thi» alfo expellcth the ftone of the kidnies and bladder, and the fame clearcth the parti of the body, and caufeth Urine, by drinking of it morning and evening) for certain dayes together.
bn Tbt commended venues of the distilled water of the root.
T He root of the Elecampane,is to be diftilled about the end of May, or from the moneth of July, unto September. The diftilled water of the fame drunk many dayes together, unto the quantity of two or thrte ounces at a time, healeth an inner Rupture: the diftilled water drunk in the faid manner, helpeth the ftone, provoketh the Termes in women, aflTwageth the grief of the ftone, and provoketh Urine: yea, this drunk in the above faid manner, fendeth the dead youngling out cf the motherswombe.
The diftilled water either drunk or applied with linnen, clothes wet in it, removeth thefmelling of womens places: the faid water alfo drunk, or applied with linnen clothe», af-fwageth thefwellingTofticles, and onelythis drunk often, doth amend them.
The diftilled water drunke fundrie dayef, unto thequan« tide abovefaid, both morning and evening, ceafeth the cough, and confumeth the grofic and clammy humours about thefto-siack.
LI
Chapi(Jg! .	The fecettd part ef
Chap. XXXVIII.
'	The can in the be flowing of the herb Pepperwort.
THe Peppcr-wbrt is a feemely herb, yielding leaves greater and broader then the Peach or Bay-tree,and thofe thick-er, greener,and-fofter,the herb alfo growing a foot and a half and fometitnes two foot high, with a ftiffe and round hem« bearing on the top white and very fmall flowres *, after &hefe, a fmall feed and long root.
The leaves are fowre, and bite in taft like Pepper on the tongue,for which caufe this is rightly named Pepper-wo rtjthis groweth every where in Gardens, and well ordered in the ground, endureth for two yeares, in tertaine places alfo ( as witnefleth Rn^liijtSj ) ic continucth green ten years. It fiourifh-eth or beared* flowres in the month of June or July, and next yeeldeth the feed. ,
The Herb Pepper-wort, ought to be fee before the beginning of March, after the growing up, to b e clipped and cut li,ke, the Sives,, but this not often, for afeer the: firft day of November, the herb ought not to be cur, leaft it perifheeh or dried» through the cold feafon enfuing.The herb profpereth and condwieth two s, if the fame be well dunged about, and diligently,; weeded,, j< - . , , ,
The ? by poke b'enfili of the Herb Pepper-wort.
THe herb of quality,heateth and drieth in the third degree, as runsfelfitts reporteth, but Galen affirmeth the Pepper-wort to be,ha>t, as the Grefles is^in^the fourth degree,yet lelfer dj$£tA	and the leavesfojf ibis herb doth by propertie
exulcerate: the nature alfo of the Herb, is to cut and extenuate the meat received, and clammy humours.
The Pepper-wort is not to be ufed or taken inward without milk, and it hath the like properties as the Crefies, which after the manner of condice things, muft be condited with
E*'	milkThe Gardeners Labyrinth, iSp
milk and fait. And the fume may be made after this manner,s by infufing the frefh leaves in new milk ; and after the third day, the whey preflèd forth.
Time, and Parfely mixed, and diligently beaten together, this well fodden and ftrained, to add fo much fait as flail fuf-fice.
* Seeing the leaves poffefTe fijeh a fharpnefle (as Viofcorides re-porteth ) that i hey do exulcerate parts within, for due cauft may they apriy fervè unto exonerating ia the pain of the hips, if àfter the brufing with an E/ecampane root, it be laid to the place a quarter ot an hoare. And.this in the like manner lying to, aflwageth the fwtlling of the Milt.
' The roo* beaten with barrows greafe, or with the Elecampane root,and applied in plainer form on ths hip grieved,doth deliver the ach in Iho'rt time.
This amendeth the skin of the foce, by exu!cerating,fo that the fame be after healed, with Oile of Rofes and wax. And on fuch wife it eafily taketh away foul fcabs and leaprie, and the marks òf Ulcers. -
The root of the herb Pepper-wort tyed on the Arme,or hanged about the neck, is foppofed to ceaf or affwage the tooth-ach.	~	>
Chap. XXXIX.
The care in the hefiotving of the Celondme.
THe H.*rb Celondine fhooteth up a foot and a halfe high, and fometimes is more flenderof ftem, bearing many leaves and thofe like to the Crowfoo t, but fofter and to a yellowilh colour tending, yeelding alfo a yellow flowre like to the Violet.
Thejuyce in the herb of yellow colour like Saffron, biting the tongue, fowre, fomewhat bitter and ftrong favoring. The root above all one, but within the earth Qied into many yellow hayrie roots: it commonly growth in fhadowie places, by LI2	walls170	Thefecond port of
wall», and in fton/heaps : this flour iftieth at the coming of the fwallows, and all the Summer,but icwithereth at the departure of them.
The Celondine commetti up in any earth, yet doth the fame more joy bellowed in a fhadowie place, and the feeds ought to be committed to the earth in the moneth of February, which after the coming up, will endure for cwo years, if after the (hedding of the feeds, the flems be cut away, well four Angers above the roots.
7b e Pbjfieli* benefits of the Celondine,
THe Celondine is of quality hot and dry, in the third degree abfolute : but Platearius affirmeth the herb to be hoS and dry in the fourth degree.Four things are prefeived of this herb, as the leaves with the ftem, the roots, feeds, and juyee* The juyee of the herb boiled in a Copper veflel with honey on the coles, and dropped info the eyes, procurech a clearnefs of them, and putteth away the dimnefs of fight.
The juyee mixed withfait Arrnoniack, and dropped into thè eyes,removeth the pin or web grovvenon them,and caufeth a clearnefs of fight. The herb with the flowres diligently bear, boiling them after in water, and that water boiled, powre into a por, fetting the fame again over the fire, and well skimming it in the boiling, when the liquor beginneth to feeth o-ver, ftrain it foon after through a iinnen cloth, which keep clofe flopped in a gJafs or a pot to ufe, for this dropped in the eyes, removeth thedironefie of fight,
The juyee of the root cleareth the Leprie, if any annointeth the places therewith,and the patient after taketh the Sirrup of Fumicory for nine dayes together,both morning and evening, which without doubt recovereth and helpcth the fame*
The juyee is to be purehafed in May, as wel out of the roots^ asleaveS and flowres beaten together, and preffed forth,which after the drying in the fl]adow,to be fo; med into little Pafties.
The root of the Celondine, boiled in. white wine with An-nis-feeds, and drunk fading, delivereth the Jaundife through flopping in the body, and applied (after the boiling in wine) or chawed in the mouth,aflwageth the tooth-ach*	AThe Gardeners Labyrinth. \y\
A handful of the Celondine purged, boiled in an equal quantity of Rofe water, and drained,to which an ounce and a half of Triacle added, is a mod effe&uous remedie againft the plague.
The rootboiledin wine,and applied in plaider forme on the Shingles or Tetters, fpeedily healeth them, the hearb brufed ^as Flateanius reporteth)boiled in wine, and applied upon, or a fpunge we: in the, faid deco&ion , removech the Chollick paflion.
The pouder of the root fprinckled on wounds and ulcers, both cleanfeth and healeth them.
For the Canker of the mouth, bone, or finewes , the pouder of the faid root, with the pouder of Rofes wrought together with vineger,and boiled unto a mean thicknefsjliketo muftard, and the cankerous parts annointed with it,doth much availe.
For provoking ef the Termes , and cleaning thematrice, let a foment be often applyed with the water of the deco&ion of the fame,
%be commended vertues of the difilled water of Celondine.
nPHe time of gathering and diddling of the Celondine i.«, “** that the hear b with the whole fubftance be fmall fhred, arid didilled in the middle of May.
The diddled water drunk unto the quantitieoffoure ounces at a time, both morning and evening, expelleth the yellow Jaundife : this drunk in the like manner, availeth againft the grjpings of the belly.
The didilled water drunk in the above find manner, miri-gateth ague, and removeth (cabs caufed of cold, if they often be bathed or foup’ed with it.
The didilled water drunk unto the quantity of two dunces at a time, either twice or thrice a day, profiteth unto the ftop-ping of the liver and and milt.
The water dropped into the eyes, corre&eth the^pin and web, puteth away the rednefisofthem, and caufeth a (harp and readie fight.
Ifthemouthbe walhed with the faid water, itceafeth the L 1 3	toothach,IWa	T*he fécond part of
toothach, and pntethaway fpots of the face , if the face be wafhed wich this water,
- The dUUlled water drkth and healcth a Cankerjyea Fiftula alfo,and removeth peftilent pufhes, if a linnen cloth wet in it, b: applyed on the places twice or thrice a day.
Chap, X L. •
The are in bef owing of thebearbof Filipendult.
t~f He hcarb Filipendula groiveth in flonie and rough places,
I as on hils, bearing a leaf like to the wilde Parienip , or Pa.fly, theftem big, and a foot or fotnevvhat more in height, yee'lding oathe top a white flower in the month of July, after that the feed like to the Orache, and a big root , cut of which many round heads or kernels grow.
The root ought to be digged up in the end of lurvefly^hich indureth for ten years.
' The Filipendula commeth well up in any earth , yet doth the heatb more joy, being fowne or fet in aftonic or gravelly ground : the Seeds require to be com,fitted to the earth in the jmonethof April, and to be like ordered, after the (hooting up in the weeding and watering as afore taught of the other bearbs.
Tbe Tbyfick^ccmmodities of the bearb Filipendula.
THe Filipendula of qualide is hot and dry in the third degree, which is vehement bitternefle, fufficiently declareth. The feed, leaves, and flemme of the Filipendula, drunk in wine and honnie boiled together, fend downe the after burden and further the birth of the child.
The root of the Filipendula brought to pouder, and drunk in wine, not onely helpeth the kings evill and ftrangury , but the flone, paine of the kidnies, and ach of the hips.
The pouder of this root taktn in wine , removeth the fwel-ling and coldnefs of ftomack,helpe :h th e hardnefs of fetching
breath,- The Gardeners Labyrinth. i jv
breath,and fuch fhort winded»yea all ficknefles which proceeds of a cold caufe,
The mealeof this root mixed with meat and given to eat, re-covereth the falling ficknefs, by fundriedales uling.
Againft: the hardnefs of fetching breath , take this pouder, and Gentian in like weight, and ufe the fame in meat, for this without doubt availeth in Ihort time.
The commended virtues of the diflilled water of FilipenduLa.
THe chofen time for the drilling of it is, that the whole.
hearb with the root be finely (hred together and diftilled in the end of May.
The diftilled water of Filipendula, drunk unto the quantity of three ounces at a time,both morning and evening, reco-vereth the plague.
The faid water drunk unto the quantirie of foure or fix ounces at a time, availeth againft poifon, if a man by hap hath either eaten or drunk poifon.
The diftilled water drunk anto the quantitie of four ounces at time,both morning and evening, diftolveth and cureththe (lone of the kidnies, and bladder.
fin i s.>
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A neceflarie Table to the fecond Part of
this Book, briefly (liewing the Phyfical operations of every hearb and piant therein contained, with the rertues of their diftilled waters
A
A Ngelica cureth poifons , cleateth * blond, and preferveth the body againft rheplague.	fol.	174
Angelica availeth againft the peftilent aire, itrecovereth all inward griefs, it helpeth ruptures, it amendeth the dimnefs of the fghr,the biteof ado^, the heat of the fever, deep wounds, rentweth flelh, &c- fol- ir4-155 Angelica alTwagerh rhe ache of the hibs and the Goute, it	cureth	new	and
old ulcers.	fob	155
Arrochoke reformeth	the	favour of	the
mouth.	fol. 49
Artochoke caufeth urine and veneriall t	aft.	fol. 49
Artochoke	amendeth rhe hardnefie of
making water and the ranke favour of the Arme pits.	fol. 5 o
Artochoke ftrergthneth the ftomack, and helpeth the privie places,that men children may be conceived.	50
Arageor Oragehelpeth lhe fteppirg of the liver, it ceafeth the fheddirg of the gall or yellow Iaundife, ircafteth up choller, (oftneth the belly, healeth impoftumes, fwellings, fwiinmirgs, drawing of the winde fhorr,expelIerh worms, provoketh vomiting, helpeth a hot liver,it loofeth the belly,and de-liveteth the pain of the bladder, help-cththe ague, profireth agairft fpit-tir.g of blond : it helpeth the matrice, draweth a thorne or naile cut of the skinne : it loofeth rough nailes from the fingers, it helpeth the hotgeute in the feet, irfoftneth the belly being hardned by heat , and removeih fvvellings.	fol. 16.17
B
T3 Eete loofeth the bellie, provoketh •*“^urine,purgeth the body of evil! humors : it helpeth the fmelling, the paine of the eares, and of the gums, it procureth haire to grow, and kiI-> leth I ce,nitres,and dandrieiit healeth whelkes , blifters~ of fealding and burning , gripings of the belly , ftayetha loofe bellie, driveth away the wormesof rhe bellie, helpeth the obftruftionsor ftoppings of the Liver, the corrupted fpleenc and the fhingles.	fol. 12. 13
The di/commiries of the Beeterit gripeth and bireth the ftomack, and increafeth evill huirors.	fol. 15, 15
Beete foftneth the bellie, cureth the biting of a Scorpion, the beating paine of the remples: ir profireth the Oile on the milt, it reftraineth the tearms. fol.	17
Borage procureth gladfcmnefle, it helpeth the giddinelfe and fwimming of the head, the trembling and, beating of the heart, it increafeth memorie, and removerh melancholie, and the kings evill it doth oncly comferr. Buglolfe prevaileth for the roughneffe of the throat and cough, it procureth gladfomnefs, it purgeth red choller, it expelleth the noifome humours of rhe lungs, it removeth the fwelling of the feet: it preferveth a good memory, ir comforteth the heart, and en* gendreth good blond. fob 26. 27 Bucks home helpeth the griefs of the joints, it bindeth, itputrethaway the fever.	fol. 73
Berony ftayeth belching and rawnefs
1 M pi	ofTHE TABLE.
of fhe ftomacke.	fol. 158
Bitonie profiteth the difeafes of the matrice, and all inward gricfc. fol. 158 Bitonie purgeth all poifon , it profiteth frenfie perfons,falling ficknefle,palfie, ach of the li ps : it helpeth digeftion, ftayeth vomiting : it expelleth the a-gue, &c.	fol. 1 §8
Bitonie faftnerh broken bones,diiTolveth clotted bloud.	fol. 159
Bitonie fiayeth the fpittirg cf blond: it helpeth the eies bruited, and the paine of them: ithelpeththe pain of the eares : it caufeth cleernefle of fighr, removeth tooth ach, the quotidian , terrian, quartain ague, the gtiefof the bladder, &c fo].15p Bitonie aflwaceth the paine of the gout, &c.	fol. 160
Bleflcd thiftlecuufe h urineibelpeth the megrim, reftoreth memorie and healing , helpeth the difeafes of the lungs, purgeth fleume of the ftomack and blond , helpeth coniumpticn cf the lungs, grpjngs, provoketh fwear, bra#Jceth rhe ftone, and helpeth the monthly Termes. It comforter!) the bruine and fighr, pnrgeth the blottd . in the eyes ! lioppeth the bleeding *r the_note, purgeth ti e Uvula and ceaf-eth the fp it ting of fleume-fob	1 jp. 150
BlciTed Thiflle he'perh a weake ftr>-muck, ptocu;e:h appetite , abater!)
. hear ..confirredi cvill b'oud , provoketh fvvear, ftrengthaerh the palfie members , recuve:eth the lungs tx-u'cer2te>i : it paftteth agahfl the chop fie , helpeth the plastie , iinpo-ftumes, cankers and falling ficknefle, it is a preterr remédie againfl rhe plague , the fever cf the flomacke, and the quaitaine, it cureth greere wounds , pufhes , fweiiirg, of tlie plague any br.ir.inj, the cholliek, îcabs , a flir.ki: g b.earh : it helpeth womens, pr viries : it hel-pe;h flitches , planifies ? and in*
infants incombred with the falling ficknefle.	foh;i 51
Blefled Thiflle expelleth poifen with two examples.	. . fob 153
("^Oleworte helpeth the hardnefle pf '‘“^making water , the canker fores, the ulcers in the pappes of Women, aches in the joints, hardnelfe of hearing.	fob 7
Coleworts procureth the ntonethly courfe of women, it cureth the fore-neffe of eies : it piofiterh againft the eating of venemous mulhromes: it maketh children to goe fpeedilicr alone , curreth rhe difeafe of rhe Spleer.e and Jauqdife : it cleanf-eththe feurfe and leaprie : ir amer.d-eth the voice and grief of arreries: itcuierhthe bite of a dogge, it helpeth the Reume and falling of the uvula : it helpeth the bite of a Serpent or Adder: ir cu eth the goi.t, joinr ficknefle,old ulcers, purgeth the head, dr.Aveth the rerines or reddes do tie , and'quail fie: h inflammati* cns.	fob 8.
Colewcrrs aflwageth great f.vciling c itbreaketh botch s, flaieth the fheci-ding of I aire , the difeafe of the fpken I it cu eth eating ulcers,canker forts, grit-fee of he flareka or fides, head-ach, a drie cough: ir dritrh a mcih belly.	'	. fob p
Cclcworts brirgeth thefc ’ dileommo-diries : ir hardneth tbe belly , ir hartnerh rhe flatmatkk , and women having the redde courfe on them.	fol.10
Chervil ( p cm keth urine, and fenderh diiwne the tern s in women: it loofeth fteume : irpurretih away giipings of thebtl y, it ingerdreth winde: ic kil* lah wormes in the belly: it heal eth a canker: ir ceafeth ach in the ktipc it lecove eth thedandry of thehead:: it healeth tunning fores > it healeth
theT H E
the bit of a trad dog, it breakcth the ftone of the bladder, and provokcth urine, it difiblverh the bloud gathered into knobs.	fob 68.69
Chervil healeth impoftumes behinde the earcs.	fob'd?.
Crefles dryech fuperfluous humours, it Vexpelltch'the dead youngling : it ea-fe h .. .c cough and loofcrh the breft : it avahcth 'againft the pall'.e of the -to -gne. -	- fob 65)
O'efics are not to be ufed alone, fob cp Gitflej reftraute the dirtiilacions of the head,, cleanfe the braine and paine of'the head, help againft the pa Key, .pt'ovoke neefing, and amend the le-"thargie and flceping out of meafure : dryeth the uvjfta, helpeth infedions of the head, as knobs and dandrie ftayeth the going out of the fundament , evpelleth the round and rlat wormes in the body , thefe help the griefes of the bieaft, theach of the hips, and griefe of the Ioines, pur-chafe a readier undemanding , and wit, remove the chollick proceeding of a cold caufe, help the ftrangurie, removeth the paine of the teeth, and doth affwage the {welling of the milt, fol.	dp. 70
Carors amend a cold retime , the paine ■ of the ftomack , flopping of urine, and chollick , a dry cough , the hard fetching of breath , the tluxe of the head, remove winde, heat the ftomack > help the flopping of the liver , the vexing of the belly,	fol. 121
Ciccorie cureth fcabbed places, caufeth a faire skin , recovering the flopping of the liver, it purgeth the matrice : it helpeth the liver, the vexing paine ’ cf urine, the kings evill, the plague, burning agues, peftilent pufhes, the gout proceeding of heat, and cureth thelhingles.	fol. 55. 54.55
Celondine the juice of the hearb cleared the eyes , removeth the Pinne
TABLE.
and wtbbe , being mixed with fait Armoniack. The hearb removeth the dimnefie of fight, the juke cleanf-eth the Leaprie, the root drawetl» away the Jaundife , and helpeth the tooth-ach , and healeth Tettors or fhingles the hearb removeth the chollick paflion , the pouder of the root e'eanfeth and healeth ulcers* healeth the Canker of die mouth, bones orTinews being annoitred with the fame boiled in vinegar with the pouder of Rofes. fol. 170. 171. 172 Celondine boiled in Rofe water, and a quantitie of Triackle added to the l.uiie, »a mofl effeduous remedie a-grinit the plague.	fobi7t
Filipendu’a is of quality hoc and dry in the third degree.	fob 172
The leaves and fttntme of the Filipeo-dala drnnke in wine and bony mingled together , help the after burthen , and fnrtherech the birth of the childe : she root brought to pouder, helpeth the kings evill and ltrangu-rie, the flone , paine of the kidnies, and ach of the hips. Taken in wine, it removeth the fwelling and cold-nefle of the ftomack , hardnefie of fetching breath , and all ficknefies, proceeding of cold caufes. fol. 172-
173
The water *©f Filipendula beeing drunke Morning and Evening , unto the quantitie of three ounces at a time , recovereth the plague. The fame alfo being drunke four onince« at a time is good againft poifon, and affo diffolveth and curcrh the ftone of the kidnies and Lkdder. fol.	173
E
■pNdive ptevaileth againft the flopping or die liver and n ill, againft the Ample and double tertian, againft the he«t of the liver, againft burning M na 2	impo-T:H E :T A B L E,
impoftumes, it drawerhhot pufhes, it cuteth the Cardiac ke paflon, it ftayeth the flix, it helpeth the kingfcl evil the fhingles, hòc inpoftumes and' fwellings , affwagerh headach, the fpitritrg of bloud, theexceffe of. fperme.	fol. 52
Elecampane amendeth the cough, the ache of the hippes, expelleth groffe humours, ceafeth the hard fetching of breath,it procured! urine, &c. fo.i <54 Elecampane is profitable agiinft poy* fon, againft the pefti lent aire and plague, &c.	fol. 16%
Elecampane recovereth ftrength and helpeth the ftrangurie.	fol. i*<5
G
O.Arlike heateth the body , extenua* 'ièth groffe humours > it expelleth wormes, cureth thcbite of a Snake, taketh away black and blew fpors, fol.	100
Gatlike harmeth the cholerick per-fon.
Garlike putteth away inward fwel* lings, openeth impoftumes , killeth lice and nits of the head , mnverh
of the bladder, healeth ulcers of the lungs, dropfie being of a cold caufe : ithelpeth the griefs of the lungs and difftCiiltie of urine, headach, tooth* ach proceeding of a cold caufe, itch, the prime of going often to the ftoole, expelleth aqiurraine , cureth thepippesof hennes, it helpeth the ftone.	fol. 9$,p£, 97, 98*
hlike profiteth againft contagious aires.
Gourd comforteth theftomack, loofeth the bellie, helpeth tbe'hear of the eares, profiteth leane men, purgeth gently ,helperh the comes of the toes, faftneth loofe teeth, and helpeth .the toothach , the inflammations of the liver and bladder, impoftumes, provoked) urine, helpeth all agues, af* fvvageth the heat of the liver, the inflammations of Infants heads, the burning gout , the inflammatons of the eics, affwagerh rumors, ulcers ou rhe privie places, loofeth the bellie, eooleth burning fevers, helpeth the fhingles.	fol. 141.142
mine, helpeth toothach proceeding of a cold caufe, ftayeth the fhedding of haire, cureth ulcers, removeth lepry, procureth a clear voices and removeth an old cough, corrcfteth the fto-mack, cooled driech up the nioifture of theftomack, it is a preparation a gainft the bite of a ferpent, relieverh the dulnefs of fight, healeth tetters and^whelks, it refifteth poifon, remo-vethuriue, procureth Terms, draw-eth down the after burden, cureth the bite of a mad dog, helpeth the digeftion ef the ftomack, the kings evil,<renfie perfons, dropfie, it ftaieth thefluxe, an old cough proceeding of a cold caufe, it helpeth wormes in children , expelleth the broode wormes in bodies, it cureth the bite of venemous things the fwellings
L
L?ckrt cureth the bite of a venemous beaft, helpehrhc diflkulties of making water, ftayeth the fpitting of bloud, dulleth the fight of the eies, offendeth the ftomack.	fol. 81
Leeke juice fodden draweth downe the Termes, procureth urine, obraineth a fuperfluous hear, ftayeth the bleeding of the nofe, caufeth vomiting1, and putteth away drunkennefs being eaten raw.
Leeke amendeth an old cough and the ulcers of the lungs , healeth pufhes, the grief of the eares and the tooth* ach: it purgeth ulcers, removeth the bloud clotted in brufed members, ftayeth the fluxe of bloud after birth, ceafeth the bleeding of the nofe,profited! againft: paine* of the hippes,THE 1
macke, ceafeth an old cough , helpeth the dropfie, ftaieth the tlixe of the belly,and helpeth a hoai fe voice, foJ. 82. Nei» accuftomed to eat an unfet leeke with oilefor his founding voice, fo.82. Leeke helpeth the paine of the head, it prevailcth againft the exulcerations of womens privie places, loofeth the diffictiltneffc of making ef water, ay-deth the deliverie of the childe , for the fpitting of bloud and flaying the bleeding of the nofe is very profitable, cleanfeth the wounds, helpeth the ach of the hips, recovereth the wafting of the lungs.	fol.81.82.
Lettuce proemeth lleep , caufeth good bloud , helpeth digeftion, loofeth the belly laufeth plentifulneffe of milke in the breafts , /harpneth the fight, cooleth impoftumes , helpeth the drepfie,cureth the (hedding of fperme, procured! fieep being laid under the coverlet , and profiteth cholericke perfons.	fol. 55»
Lettuce is noifome unto married nicn ; it dulleth the fight of the efes, ir a-bateth the vcnereall aft, it harmeth the fieuniatick : the overmuch eating of Lettuce is asperillous as Hemlock.
fol. €o. 61
Lettuce helpeth the Tertian ague , it loofeth the belly , it reprefieth drun-kcnntfte.	fol.if 1
Lettuce piccurethfteep.	fol. £2
Lovagehelpeth digeftion, expelleth l'u-perfluous humours, it ceafeth inward griefs , it expelleth poifon, caufeth urine,&c.	fol. 161.162
Lovage expelleth the ftone of the kidnies and bladder, &c.	iut.. 163
M
*yjAiigoId 'helpeth the after burden *^*of a woman , ftayeth the fiuxe of piling of bloud, it killeththe woinis. it healeth pulhes, and flopping«, and griefs of the liver , conifer teth the ftemack, and procured! appetite to
’ A B L E.
meat, heateth a cold breaft, aflwageth , the paine of the teeth , it itcovereth tlie palfie, and fit of rhe plague.: is a preparative againft the plague , it helpeth the quartaine, it helpeth the milt or cold ftoniaek. fol. 30. 31 Minces uncurdeth milke.	fo. 41
Mintes ftayeth the belching of the fto-mack and vomiting, it profitetli a-gainft the long woimes in the body, it helpeth the fvvolne privities, affwa-geth the tluxe of the bellie , and lcouring with bloud , it ftayeth the reddes in women, it healeth ulcers on the infants heads, quickneth the fpirits, bringeth appetite, amendeth the default of the noftrills , retained! the tluxes of blond, foftneth the pappes , and defendeth them from mattering , it loofeth the belly, pro-cureth a feenidy colour , profiteth the fpitring out of bloud , aHwageth the head-ach, and the noife in the cares , it removerh the dimnefle of fight, it amendeth the ftrong favour ol the mouth, it helptth the teeth, and purgerh the gums, and healeth thehliftcring of the tongue, itcom-forteth in cold ficknefies , it ftayeth the will to vomit, and helpeth the fhinglesj it difiolveth and eureth im-poflunaes, and helpeth the fpottes in theeies.	fol. 42. 43
Mallowes or Holihock remove a hot cough, recovereth the lunges buffered , and is a fingular remedie againft the confumption of the lungs, heal-cth the putrified fores of the throat and mouth •, lcoftth the belly, and helpeth thehoarfenefie of the voice, it ripeneth any impeftume and fof-tenethic.	fob 44.
Muftard feed heateth and ripeneth, ic breaketh impoftumes without paine, it eureth the biting of a ver.emous beaft , it helpeth the palfie of the tongue , 2nd availeth againft all pal-fies, ft helpeth the dropfie , the bli-M m 3	fieri ngTHE TABLE.
ftering of the month, the fuelling of the throat, it procureth a good me» morie, it helpeth a cold gout, feia-tick, and fetbleneffe of finewes, icre-moveth the dimnefle of fight, and putteth away the l'pors andwebbein theeies# it caufcth third, and proro-ketfh the veneriall aft.	fol. 47
Muftard feed preventerh the falling . ficknefle v it purgeth the braine, it • ckanfeth the braine from humours, it amendeth the fall of the Uvula, and ulcers of the throat , it draweth downe fleume from the head, it removed! the f welling of the Jawes, it helpeth the fuffocation of thema-trice, it ccafcth the ach of the teeth comming of cold , it breaketh the ft»ne in the bladder, and procureth the Terwes, it eaufc.ha cleer voice.
fol. 75 . N
NAvevves nourifh much, profit the ftomacke , iucreafe fperme in man , prevaile againd poifbn. Fo-' lio.	131
O
profic the eares running, help fvvel-lings in the throate, and the cough, remove the griefe of the domacke, open pilles, clcare the cies, remove the pin and web , amend the blood-fhotren eies, recover the haires fhed away, the biting of a mad dog. &c.
fol 88. 8^
Onions eaten rawe harrne the members.	fo. 8 8
Onions harrne the chollerick , and profireth the fltumatick perfon. fo-. lio.	8p
Onions day the dropping of the eyes, help ulcers of the privities , paine and noife of the eaies , Difcnreria, giicfe of the loines , the water be
I tween the flefh and the skinne,curc j flumbering, and impofturae*, paine 1 of the bread:, fpicring of grofie humours, purgeth thedomack, cureth warts.	fcl. 83
Onions often ufed, ingender evill hn-monrs, procure third , fwclling?, wudiuefic, head-ach , caufe to be-come foohlh, they nourilh nothing-Folio. ■	89
Onions twice fodden ncurifh. Fo-• lio.	-	90
Onions eaten rawe cutte grofie humours afunder , open the veines, provoke ill Termes and urine, increa-fetli apperire, purge the head, remove the white lpois on the face, heale kibes , lemove the redde and wan fpors of the f-ce , healeth fcabs, alfwageth duxes and giipings in childbed, heale inspoltumes speedily. , fol.	co
r
pimpernel! is efpecially applyed for poyfon , it driverh venemous blood from the heart, it ceafeth the head-ach , it healeth a green wonnd , \ ulcers and other wounds', by experiment tried upon a cock: moveth fweac, expelfeth {»oyfon , removeth the difeafe of the hippes , the cough, and purgeth the bread, and done of the kidnies and bladder, and removeth the ftrangurie : the gripings of the bowels , the dop-ping of the liver and mike, it putteth away any fever: an experiment againd the phyiick of the Lunges, fol.	25.24
parfe!y doth incarnate Ulcers and Carbuncles, it doth diffolve the im-podumes of the pappes , it amend-eth the dopping of the Liver: it pfovoketh urine, it dayeth loofenefie of the belly, ftrengthneth loofe parts and helpeth the done, it healeth the fhingles, the hardly making of wa-
ter*T H E
ter, and foftneth the haidneffe of the Pappes : Ithealeth the Kidney es, re* moveth Ulcersottt of the mouth, and Jaundile, and helpeth womens monthly courfe: it is dcleflable to the do mack, it expeileth winde in the bo-die, removerh fcabbes, and m..keth a faire skmne: it helpeth the fwel-lirgof the domack, and Dropfie, it cleanfeth the Liver and Leapry, and removerh the paine of the Loi; gs and Bladder, ir prevaileth a; air.H a Fever, it procure th a found braine and per-fed memorie, and pttrgeth the blood, aflfwageth the Strangury, and helpeth the bi.ing of a madde Dogse.
,	f<>! '4* 3,5-
Parfely feech are the principa l caufes, the Roots the next, the leaves as third inworkirg-	fob
35
Purfelaine afTwjgeth hope and Choi Jericke duxes, and he ptrh the burning Fever, helpeth the Teeth being on ed;e, helpeth the Shingles, hinder»th venereal! ad, and abdteth deepe, irt xoeiicth the wormes in he belly, it daytth the dux Difertttia, ccjrflftrh the Tocrh ache, it lie'petit ihe dom.;cke fwclltn, t cr oleth iff ward hear, amehocth the Ibcers on t he privities, ir hea'eth an hor i:npo-dttme, it removetlt the lliccrs of .he Jiead. .
Ptirfekrie litlpttli fwob’e e es, and fr itting cf blond it remove th the burnii g Fever, it qtuilifv th the heat of the d imacke, ;t dayeth "Womens monetbly courfe, it da'eth the bleeding at the No Ce, ani the head ache, irexrirpuifherh the hear of thé eye?, i: da e h Difenrer a ir drergthneth both theK dn.vesand B!adder,ir helpeth burning Levers, it k’iieth the wormes in rhe- belly, ar.d daveth rite fpirting of blood ; it helpeth excofiarion in womens bowels, and
' A B L Ej
riie rawitefTe of privy places *, it I eip* eth the head-ache, it mitigate th a furious hear, it heipeth the Navels of Irr fanrs, it dayeth the loofe Teerh in the head,it ali'wageth the kernels and Ulcers in the mouth, it mitigated} the de-fire of often drinking, it removerh warts., it afTvvagerh the gout, and in-djinatiou of the Paps, the fall of the Utivla	fob 64. 6s
Patfenep and-Carots removerh the venert" all ail, procureth lltine, and affwa-geth the Chollerick, fenderh downe tlieTermes in Women ■, it profiteth the Melanchollicke, enc rcafeth good blood, helpeth the draightneire of making water, amenderh ditches of the fides or pirnifie-s,the bite ofvenemous bead, itamendeth tfee eating of Ulcers, the wearing of this root ispre-fi-able-	HO
Poppy procureth deepe , helpetlt the Rlieume, Cough, and iacke of deepe.
fob 122
Poppy recovereth a dry Cough, Confum-prion of the 1 nngs, Rlieume, and debility in deeping, it draweth heat our of an U’cer, helpeth a hot Liver, f rergdineth the joynis, removeth the rage of ihegoure, profiteth againd th« . A; tie-	fob	r:?.
Po pons or Mtf!ons,are eafia: ofdi; edit on, comfoJr the heart, aflvvag» rh r,n-nan.rall heats in rhe domack,they rake . away funne burning and foule fpots-
fob 14^.1
Pompons profit the flcgmatickand cho-I rick perfon.	fob 146. 147.
pompons w.iich are round, loofe the	belly, and cmife Urine.	fob	1 .;<J.
Pompons aifwage the tunning of rhe eyes
fob 14?.
Pompons mirigare ihe vcnereall ad, clenfeih the skinne, cauft th Urine, purgeth the loynes, Kidneyes, and b.adder, heale vlctrs, andcu/e fpec-i. cly boy ling.	f.	147
RocketTHE r Jt
R
r> Ocket encreafeth the Sperm, caufeth ■"<he venercall art, caufeth a giddinefle and paiiie in the head, encreafeth a ftrong heat, is hurtful! to the head, encreafeth milke in women and nur-fes, cauferh urine, foftneth the belly, comforteth the ftomack, helpeth di-geftion, recovereth blacke fcares unto whiteneffe, amendeth pimples or pufhes in the face, killeth nits and wormes of the head, helpeth bruif-ed bones, and bitings of venemous hearts, the Jaundife, and hard (welling of the Milt, &c.	fob 6 $.66.
Rapes or Turnup fharpneth the fi ht, yeelderh nourifhment, extinguifheth heat and dry blood, it ftirreth the venereal I aft, curerh fcabbes, helpeth di-geftion, hot gouts and kibed hceles.
fol. no.
Badifh eaten before orafter meat, caufeth wind, dulleth the braine, eyes,and rea'on.	x	fob n 6
Radifti profireth the flegmatick, help-ech the Stohe, flopping of the Urine , by gfavell, procureth vomiting, ftay--<th belchings, the Kings evil!, the cough, profiteth againrt poyfon, and to the handling of Serpents, it helpeth the noife of the eares, the flopping of the Liver, it availeth againft all fortes of poyfons and difeafes, ic cureth ftrokes of whippesor btufes, it cleareth fcares and pimples in the face, it delivereththequartaine Ague.
fob n7
Radifti profiteth againft the flopping of theMilte, itdelivereth the water betweene the skinne, and fwolne milr, iteateth out the Canker of Ulcers, a-mendeth the old cough and fleume, it procureth vomitings, it caufeth mufhromcs to digelt, it helpeth gri->■ pings in women, procureth Milke, fendeth downe the Termes and | ; wormed in the belly, affwageth the
i.B L E.
fwelling in the Throate. fob ill.
S
SAffron amendeth the hard fetching of the breath, procureth a fairc colour, comforteth the heart, caufeth healfull blood, removerh poyfons from the heart, caufeth long breath, expellerhlnfeftions, helpeth impo-ftttmes in the breart, moveth the ve-nereallart, and caufeth Urine, helpeth head-ache, procureth,the Termes, removeth the yellow jaundife, ic pro-fireth an ulcered breaft, ftomack, !i ver, lungs, kidneyesand bladder, it helpeth rhe gour, impoftumes, fwel-linges, the griefes of any fore, feeble-nelfe of the hearr, pal fie, thegriefe of the eyes, the diftilling of eyes, removeth drunkenneife, and difeafes of. the eares.	fob 104. 10$
Sperage helpeth the Pal fie, Kings Evil!, Strangurie, a hard Milt, and flopping of the Liver, it recovereth the fhedding of the gaule, it removeth ' the fwelling of the belly and cholick, it procureth Urine,and dilTolveth the fnull ftones in the bladder, it helpeth the griefes of the womens privy place, it profiteth againft the flinging of Bees, it helpeth the hardly making of water,the paine of thegunmes, teeth, mouth, breaft, and chine of the back, it removeth the venereall art, and loo-fech the belly : the dropping paine of the Urine, the diffiailrnelfe pf the fame, the flix Difenteria : It cleareth the kidneyes, and flopping of the Liver.	fol. 20, 21
Spinage foftneth the belly, moyfteneth rhe body, removeth the griefes of the breaft and lungs, it profireth in hot cau fes,it nouri/herh more then Araga, it afTwageth the Choller, it helperh the forenefle of the throat, hoarfe ■ voice, the hardneiTe of breath, the cough &c.	fob 22.
Surrell procureth appetite to mear,
HiTHE
preferveth againft the plague, it ripened* fores, it aflwageth the flix Difenceria, the paine of the belly,and abortmencof theftomack, ichelpeth theleapry, and Ringwormes, and rough nailes, the itch of the body, the pj'meof the eares and teeth, the kings evill, the head-acb. any ficknefs couiming of heat, Jaundife, the reds of women, all fluxes of the belly,the fwelling of the milt,the homing of the Fever.	fo. 7 6
Strawberry leaves helpeth ,hot impo-ftumes.	fo.77
The ftrawberry amendeth 'the hardnefs of the fplene, the ftone , healetk wounds and Ulcers, proenreth the termes. ftaieth the bloody flixe Di-fenteria, and caufeth vrine, it helpeth infljnutions of the Liver, and elen-feth both the kidneyes and bladder,it helpeth aches, and provoketh vrine,it fjtteneth the Teeth, and ftayeth the rhume : ic is good for cholerick fto-mackes, it putreth away the irapo flumes of the throat, it removeth the redtielTe and pimples which lup-pen oa the face through rhe heat of the liver, ic aflwageth the rednelfeof the eyes, the Jaundife, fetching the wind fhoitplt coolech this ft. fo 76- 7 7 Stations or iquill Onions move venereall aft, cut the tough matter in the fto-niaCK. ,	100
Squid Onion amendeth thedropre, rhe fetching of wind hardly, the defaults of the Li-er,the Ague, txulcerations, putgeth fleumet, a id the belly,caufeth vomiting.	1 op
Squill Onions amendeth the hard fetching of breath, an old- c ;ugh, grieves both < f Li»er and Lungs, expelleth . woimes, Melaricholly, Apoplcxie, falling ficknefle, the ftone, purgeth the matrice, cure h the ach of the hips, fafteneth the teeth, amendeth the favour of the breath, helpeth the hearing, driveth away warts, chappes
T A B L E.
of the feet, running Icabs, the dandry of the head, the bite of Serpents, procureth ha ire to grow, amendeth the fonle giytimes, the fight of the eyes,griefeiof the tides, expelleth all difeafesof thebodie : alfoir killeth mice &c.	fol* iu. 102
T
'Timeremoveth joynr fickonefle, purgeth Choller and Humour , it helpeth thepaffnns of the bladder; the fwelling of the belly, it removeth the griefe of the hippes,lotnes, and fides; it amendeth thcbieaft, and the inflammations of Hypochondria,or the flanckes, it amendeth melancholly, blsarnefle of che eyes, and the paine of them : it aflwageth the griefe of the cold gout, the TtifnelTe ol limmes, it aflwageth the fwelling of the Te-fticles, it putgeih the bowels •• it helpeth the hard fetching of breath, and falling ficknefle, ic breaketh the ftone of the kidnies and bladder,it helpeth the flinging of aBte- fo. 37.38.3p Black Time i: not to be ufed. ' fo. 3 8 Time which hath a purple flowre, is commended : all Time is mightily hor.	\
Time healeth the bite of an Adder, or Snake,it helpeth the fpitting of blood it ftayeth che Rhume ccmming of 3 cold caufe, ic caferh rhe cou> h,and a cold ftomacke, the headache, frenfi-neflTe,Letharge, and ofrtn flumfcering, itopenerh che ftoppings of the L ver and Milt, and moveth vrine, it recovered) rhe bites of venemous hearts, it helpeth the fwelling in the throar, ic ftayeth bloody vomitings, it heac-erh the ftomake it removeth wind in thebowe's, irceafeth the ftram urv, it nioveth vrine, and txpd erh the ftone.	fo, a8. 3P*
Ya’crian. V	TME. T A
v
VÀlerian provoketh fweat,and vrine amendeth ftitches, killeth mice, . moveth the termes, prevailcth againft the plague, helpeth the ftraightneffe of breath, the headach, fluxes, and Shingles, procure th clearneffe of fight and healeth the piles. fo. 157 1*8!'
I I	W
XJî^Arer of the herb Valerian diftil-v * led amendeth vlcerst old fores, fwelling&, piles, broken Ruptures :"tt clearcth the eyes,.expelleth wormes : it profiteth againft a pelt'»lent aire, importâmes and ache ofthe hips, it provoke th fweat &e.	fol. 157
Water of thè roots of Valerian diftilled removeth poyfon : the Quotidian Ague and Hitches,	fol* 1V 7
Water of white Poppie diftilled, cureth the red fpots of the face, procurarli white hands it helpeth the head ache proceeding of heac : it extingui-' fheth any hear.	foj. 124
water diftilled out of Gourds, toofeth the belly, ceafeth thirft» the cough } helpeth the ftone,purgeth thekidnies and bladder} quallifiech burning Fevers.	fol. 142
Water of mêlions diftilled, helpeth the ftonc, procureth Urine, cleanfeth the kidneyes, cooleth the Liver, ceafeth thirft, breakerh thè cough, expelleth heac and fwe lings. '	fol. 148
Water of the blefied Thiftle diftilled, putte flyaway headache}* comforteth memory, helpeth giddineffe and all - gritfes cf the eyes. jConfuniDtion of ; the body, breaketh the ftone, cureth ■ burnings.	' fol-152
Water of the leaves of Elecampane ex-pellefh the grief of the ftóne, hel-• peth che perfori broken, comforteth ' head, ftrcngrhneth thç ftomïcke, a-
IB L E.
mendeth »he hard fetching of breath} the cough, plurifie, poyfon, thè ftone and terms of women } caufcth vrine &c.	fo. i6g.i<6j4
Water diftilled out of the root of Elecampane healeth an inner Rupture > , aflwageth the griefe of the ftonc,pro» voketh Urine: it fendeth the dead ’ youngling out of thelielly -, k, aflwa* geth the fwelling of the Tcfticles, it ceafeth the còagh &c.	f j <57
Water of Strawberfie leaves diftilled removeth the Kings evilU it. loofeth the breaft, pm geth the lungs, helpeth the cough, cleanfeth tbe leapry, it mi» tigateth the heat in the eyes, it cea* feth overmuch fweating} it is health-full for the flopping of the Liver. . . „„fol. * .	77
Water of mnftard feeds diftilled amenr dethvlcersof thè Gummcs} it hel* peth the confumption of mtimbers} it heateth the mirrow in the bones; this water profiteth againft a cold di» feafes in the joynts.	*fol.
Water d.Hilled out of Leeks remedieth the fpitting of fold blood } it pro» fiteth a barren woman, itftayeth the ‘ bleeding of the nofe, it helpeth a . coftive belly and ache of the hips} -purgeth the kidnies and bladder, procureth Urine, expelleth the ftone. healeth wounds, it profiteth cxülcc* rations and fra dure of womens places fol.	-	,	82.83.
Water’diftilled out Df Onions recove-reth fwcllings, caufed by the bite of . a mad dog} aflwageth headache and tooth-ache, caufech haires to grow, expelleth wormes.	fol. jo
Water diftilled out- of Garlike helpeth the fwellings in the throat : alf, the greene ficknefle“and fwelling of the fplene-	| fol. 98
Water diftilled out of Rapes, helpeth gallings, bumirigs, foldings, fwel-f Jjngs of the face. I	fol. 1 to
Water diftilled. o^#: of R.idifh, hel,
petnTHE
pefh digeftien, the Kings evill,worms of the belly, clenfeth the Aomack: it epeneth all mannerof Aoppii gs, ex-v tenuateth the humours in the lunges, clenfeth the bteaft, caufcth a c lea re voice	I2f
Water of Radifh reco'vereth poyfo-ning taken in meate or drinke, hel-peth the Qyartaine, draweth dewne • the Termes,and helpeth the Aone,af-fwageth the flinging of the Bee, pro-. i fireth againA thevenomeof afpidc r, helpeth the pricking in the fide,c!ea-reth the eyes and the face : it rcmo* veth yellow or blackifh fpors by hearing : alfo the (welling of the throat and cleareth the Kidneycs, hreaketh . .the Aone, and cauftth Urine, and ex-pelleth the .watet betweere the skin foil	118.
Water diflilled out of Parfncps,helpeth the i.alfie, inovfth the venereall aft, .and encrea (rh the fperme, helpeth the painfull.etie in making of water, fob	122
Water diAilled out of the toot of l.o-Vare, helpeth an inner Rupture, helpeth the (tone, provoketh the rrtms in women, removeth the fwellings of womens places,and ceafeth the cough &c.	fob 163
Waterof Co^worres Aayeth womens teds.it profireth the birth of a child, the dropping ®t the Urine: it ftayeth aloofebtlly.	fob 10
Warerof the red O'ltworrs fofrneth the belly, putterh away the giddines of the head, helpeth the Apoplexie, the Cramp, Palfe, Inflammations, Swellings, Ulcers within the bodie and without.	fob xo
Water of the white Beete, prevailed* a-f ainA the Acre, it ceafeth the vexing paincf joynr-aches.	foi l 3
Water of Sorrell prevaileth againA the plague : it removeth all inward heats, ceafeth thirlt, ar d helpeth the liver and m It : alfo removeth the
TABLE.
fhingles, fealdings, orj burning., the kings evill: it cooleth the burning heat of Agues. -	fob 1 $
Water of Pimpernell helpeth the Aone of the kidneyes and bl*dder,and pur-geththe reyns: it helpeth the plague, profireth women whofe matrice, is cold, and fendeth dewne the reds,it helpeili the (haking of the members : it expelleth gtiefe from the heart,and evill humours, andproveketh Urin«, it profireth againA poyfon, and can-feth a white skin*	fol, 2 f
Water diAilled out of Borage, aifwa-geth the griping, and fwellings of the belly : it cured» Dilenreria,and hard' neffe of fetching breath: it comfor-terli die heart and braine, and rende-rerh a hdpe ;o memory and wit: it purgeth all blood and frenfinefie: it ceaieth the Ainging of a Bee or Spider : irprocnrechclearnriTeof fighti it removeth the ringing and paine in the eares: ir comforteth the heart, it helpeth the Rhume, burning Fevers and Jaundife, it cooleth the Liver E, it helpeth the fiix Difenteria, thepainfull fetchingof breath, and decay of minde, the weake braine : it purgeth the blood, and pricking a-boiit rhe heart and breaA : it clenfeth the leap tie and fcabs, and Aayeth rhe Ailling ofthehead, the head ache,the burning of the eyes, the ringing of the eares.	fob 27. 28
Waterof Marigolds diAilled, recove* rdth all defaults ofthe eyes,and pro-curethclear« eyes,and alf puttetha-way the griefes of the head, fob-*	31
WaterofPatfely d. Allied, profiretha-gainA the Aone of the Kidneyes and Loines : it purgeth the kidneyes, and bladder,and greatly provoketh uria. fol.	-	> fob 3 i
Wat*r ■ diAiTed of running Time, Artnp rneth rhe bead, braine, and Aomack : it alfo proui.etiV appetite
toT H E
O meat» it lemoyeth the noife and fumbling ofthe helLy,itfoftoeth the hardneffe of the ftomack, and moveth U rine* it comforteththe fight, and confumechdiftillatious of the head»
. it helpeth a quotidian ague» itainen-deth a cooled Liver and Milt, and health the bowels exulcerated,ir o-peneth the (lopping of nolltils, and . cares, it reftoreth hearing, helpeth giddinelfe, ftayethdcfire to vomit, & expelleth the gripings of the belly, it _ breaketh the ftone,and moveth urine
-	it cureth brufed members. fol. 40. Water of Marigolds or Holihockdi-
-	ftilled, cureth the breaking out of the . mouth, as alfo the outward and inward heat, the Shingles« Ulcers, and all fwellings, it cureth all inward
. heats of Fevers, it cooleth all impo-ft imes of the Lungs and fideJ, it mi-■ tigateth the flux J)i(enteria, the hot . fwellings of womens places, the kid«
. rites 8c bladder,it expelleth the ftone,
• it procureth fleepe in a hot Fever,and ceafeth thirft.	fol 44- 4$
Water of Mints diftilled ftrengthneth ; the ftomack, and digefteth the meat 1. jectived, it helpeth the flopping of the Liver and Milt, it openeth rhe , waye,of. theUiine, - it procurethan appetite to meat, it ftayerh belching . and vo niring, ir recovereth a ftiii-khgbreath, and purrified Gumanes, it ftaBi founding andgiddineffe, it purgct-h the marnce, k dijToIveth the mhke curded in hard pappes, it healtrh Ruptures within, it reftoreth the Uvula fallen.it hea'eth the fcabs of Children,it helpeth wormes, and heated) a cold ftemack fol. 4?. 45. Water of Cchory cooleth the heat of theftoiratk, it preferveth from the plague, it cureth carbuncles, it ftay-eth the rifirg of the lungs, and ftop*
. peth the flix Difenteria: ir openeth the flopping of the Liver, it helpeth
T A B LE.
: thefwelling of the Uvula and throat, -.helpeth wafted members,and the b re : of venomous beads, helpeth the Ul-cei-s iothe eyes, and the diraneffe of „ fighf, the.pin and wdb &x. fol.f4.55. Water of Lettuce diftilled,Profiteththe Liver,, it cooleth the blood inflamed, itftayeth rhe flixD.fenreria.it amen-deth trembling of members, and hel-- peth fleepe,it helpeth women lacking . milke, it ceafleth adriecough, it tnolifterh the throat, cleanfeth the bread and lungs, ceafeth third, tem-per*?rh heat of rhe ftomacke, Liver 8c kidnies,it loofeth the belly. fol.d2 Water of Cheivill diftilled, helpeth men burften and hurt by grievous fats,and refolveth the blood clotted in lumps, ir’profireth againil the ftone of'the Kidnies, it loofeth the belly i it procureth a good ilomackL comforteth the heart,putreth away fhaking of the Fever, is healthfull for rhe head, and comforteth the fenfcs»it removeth the paines of rhe lungs.	fol. 70
Water d'ftilled of Srrawberrie, amen-detkanunnaturall hear, ceafeth thirft proceeding of the Liver, or ofch Jler, ir cooleth the liver, loofeth the bieft, refrefheththe heart.purgeth the blooa helpeth the Kmgs evill, prevaileth a" gainftthe ftone, loines and kidnies,it curethblifters in rhe mouth, it pro* cuteth womens Termes, helpeth a broken legge, healeth all foile legs, 1C cmeth filthy wounds, and aiTwageth fwellings of the face, helpeth the le* prie, purgeth blood, removeth fpots out of the eyes.and coinforreih nature expelleth poifons, affwagtth hu ning humours,and comforteth conception, .. ftaieth watering in the eies,8c cooleth feat in them, reftoreth a dun fight,it cureth pimples in the face* fo I 7^-77 Water ofBerony diftilled, putreth a-way dropfie,jaundifeand ague cureth difeafes of the kidnies 8s milt. fo. 161
FINIS T A B V £
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