HD (443 C1A3 DS EPORT 0 THRE PREPARED BY NACRAMENTO, 1033 R RELATIVE TO THE CALIFORNIA STATI PRINTING OTFICH Cost of Living in California for Selected Family Groups the State Civil Service Commission A Special Committee Appointed for the Purpose by Cost, of Living Suryey ft 22018 California State Civil Service Commission At HT { : wy /} - hast 3 ROCHE ny 3 DEPT, THE COMMITTEE SOLOMON BLUM, Professor of Iconomics, University of California, Chairman JESSICA B. PEIXOTTO, Professor of Social Economics, University of California M. E. JAFFA, Professor of Nutrition, University of California R. G. SPROUL, Comptroller, University of California J. C. WHITMAN, Chic! Examiner, State Civil Serviee Commission ASSISTANT TO TIE COMMITTEE ALBERTA S. PORTER, CALIFORNIA STATE CI1VIL SERVICE COMMISSION DAVID J. REESE, President and Bazecutive Member JOLIN I. GALVIN, Associate Member CLYDE 1. SEAVEY, Assaciale Member Jurian C. Wureman, Chief Eraminey Lopema Suuvrrnerr, Secrclary INDEX—Continued. 15xccutive, food and cost for one year ior family of... a a Ixecutive (man, wife and three children), summary showing x cost of minimum of health and comfort for {1920 and 1921) ...-'Table 7 Tixeculive (man, wife and three children) — Summary of estimate for (1921) cmc mm ee Summary of estimate for (1920) cam ccc mcm Family, 8iZ6 Ofer meme mr em — mm ———————— Food and cost for one year for family of 1aborer cece meme mem "ood and cost for one year for family of clerk.___. Food and cost for one year for family of executive... Trood, cost of for clerk, family of NE EE Food, cost of for execulive, family Of ive eee em x Food, cost of for laborer, family of five. eee eee eee me Table 18 Tood estimate. (discussion Of) meee more eee meee me mmm m= = rurniture, clerk (1921) ccm eee me em a RI "able 31 Furniture, executive (1921) cee rere mm mm mmm mee me mmm mm Table 50 Turniture, laborer (1921) ce ccm me amr mmr mm —————— Fable 256 Home-made: clothing, oat ccncime necro moms m rman e =r ores reer ==rn ITouse operation, ete. (discussion Ol) nC ee House operation, clerk (1921) meee eee eee mmm mem me Table 38 House operation, excecutive (1921) __ House operation, laborer (1921) How the committee met certain problems. a eee mem INCOME; SOUTCE Of cnn uesns nme emm—r ee mma = mm mer mw 2 mt me mm re Index number and its use Laborer (man, wife and three children), comparative summary of estimates for (L920, ANA 1921) men = wn mmm on me mms = mt mnie mom wo mam mo wi rc tm mm mm wm pie Table 10 Laborer (family of five), cost of clothing (or Cl921) Lables 1Y, 20, 21, 22, 23 Laborer (family of five), cost of food for Table 18 Laborer, cost of furniture for (1921) eee Table 25 Laborer, cost of house operation for (1921) cee ee Table 24 Laborer, cost of miscellaneous for (1921) mm Table 26 Poo (discussion of food estimate fOr) ooo Laborer, food and cost for one year for family Of eee Ee Laborerr (man, wife and three children), summary showing comparative cost of minimum of health and comfort for (1920 and 1921) ________ "Table 5 Laborer (man, wife and three children), summary of estimate for 1920 for i eo ak mh rin ie i i wn rom ted mn ewe oe Table 17 Laborers, summary of quantity and cost estimates for, according to size of family group (A021). oo eo "Table 1 Laborer, total estimates for (1921)— Man, wife and three children ee ec cere ee eee ee ee "table 13 Man, wife and two children. coro ee eens Table 14 Man, wife and oneehild. cr oo ce eee Fable 15 Husband: and wile a ere i TU Table 16 Management io emer oe eee ten Miscellaneous, (discussion of) oo deme oe ew Miscellaneous, clerlt (L921) oo eed Table 40 Miscellaneous, eXecUlIVe (1921 Yu mecca era deers Sm mmm moe ree "Table Hl Miscellanevns, laborer (L921). inne cata LN rae Table 26 PCes OF UOTE. oe ah oie ian os i Se ms oe 2 em mm fh ri 2 2 cee ree 2 me Price investigation ie Quantity of clothing... 2 a he ah wl a at i nu cal C0 Rent (See AlSoSRIOn OF SIGIR) oo mo id aon oi on ow 50 me tg i St mr 5 me Shelter anna hi it i oh Hm tl 6 20 i 2 a ge re 0 Of II IN ca vr a i re i 5 58 Se ee i rier ee he A ed Ure Of ICOM, de emawnn a an Binte emplovees, dependeiney SLALISLIOE Of... ira ccna emirrrrmmmm arwe wn wo Summary showing comparative cost of minimum of health and comfort for family of clerk (1920 and 3021) oa ne a Table 6 Summary showing comparative cost of minimum of health and comfort for clerk (unmarried mmn) (1920 and 1921). uu ch a oo Table § Summary showing comparative cost of minimum of health and comfort for clerk (unmarried woman) for 1920 and T1921... cca Table 9 Summary showing comparative cost of minimum of health and comfort for : family of executive (1920 and 1921)... cic m= Table 7 Summary showing comparative cost of minimum of health and comfort for family of Inborer (19230 and 392 1). cin sachin nse mamma mma Table 5 Summary, comparative, of estimates for clerk (man, wife, and three children) for 1920 and 192%... a aa ara am ane te mee Table 11 Summary, comparative, of estimates for e children) for 1920 and 1921 ecutive (man, wife and three on ok ABR be ll el A Sa ah ee Table 12 Tage 14 INDIENX—Continued, Summary, comparative, of estimates for laborer (man, wife and three children) for 1820 and 19231. i es ee Lo v=o Table (10 Summary of estimate for clerk (man, wife and three children) for 1920 n i El ie i a HE i he i cc 2 Nable dS Summary of estimate for exccutive (family of five) for 1920 Table 42 Summary of estimate for laborer (man, wife and three children) for 1920 : Bailes Table 41 Summary of estimate for exccutive (family of a) for 192 ens aa Summary of quantity and cost estimates of food, clothing, shelter and mis- cellaneous at three standards of living (prices, 1920) __._.______."Table 3 Summary of quantity and cost estimates of food, clothing, shelter and mis- : cellancous at three standards of living (prices, 1921)... Table 4 Summary of quantity and cost estimates for laborers and clerks according to size of family groan (1021) Cc i cen ad dengan Table 1 Summary of quantity and cost estimates for laborer, clerk and executive showing comparative costs of food, clothing, shelter and miscellaneous for 1020 and 192 nade ea NE ee Table 2 Unmarried clerk (man), cost of clothing for (3931)... Table b4 Unmarried clerk (man) — Total estimate for (I921). cee bd "Table 52 Total estimate for C1920)... a "able 53 Unmarried clerk (woman), cost of clothing for (1921)... ooo dat. Table BT Unmarried clerk (woman)-— Total estimate for (1921) Total estimate for (1920) U. 8S. Department of Labor statistics showing per cent of increase in cost of living for San Francisco and Los Angeles from 1914 to 1922____"able 58 oO BL, re ST 22048 1-23 600 Tago 26 COST OF LIVING SURVEY. The Committee which prepared these budgets was authorized by the State Civil Service Commission of California. The project presented to the Committee was the preparation of five budgets that would indicate what in its judgment constituted satisfactory standards of living for workers in the employment of this state. Classification. Budgets were made for: 1. Laborers; 2. Clerks; 3. Executives. Additional budgets were made for unmarried clerks, male and female. The index number and its use. During the period of wildly fluctuating prices which set in with the World War the attention of all classes was focused as never before upon the cost of living and its relation to wages and salaries. It was not an easy matter to find accurate gauges either of changing price levels or actual earnings. But with every month of the war it became clearer that proper adjustments must be made. Prices were rising with unprece- dented rapidity and wages and salaries also increasing but in many cases not so rapidly as prices. To complicate matters the increase in money wages was not uniform. Certain workers were paid very high wages, in other cases wages and salaries lagged with little or no increase. These workers whose remuneration was fixed by statute or whose pay came out of a relatively fixed fund, i.e. State budget, were therefore penalized for faithful service or left this employment for better paid occupations. This condition was notorious and led to a great deal of dissatisfaction. While the war period accentuated this condition, it did not create it. There have always been discrepancies between price movements and wage movements. This is probably inherent in a monetary system with gold as a basis and in an economic system in which the adjustment of wages 1s in the main founded upon the relative bargaining powers of groups, customs, class standards ete. But to say that a condition is inherent in a system does not imply that it is not subject to modification. Economists, business men and workers have for many years been focusing their attention to an even greater degree upon real wages and real salaries as distinguished from money wages and money salaries. What dollars will buy is more important than the number of dollars received. But as this realization has been driven home it has become more important than ever to measure with accuracy the changes in price levels which oceur from year to year and even from month to 222048 494 1 1 4 re month. At first simple and rough approximations were supposed to be adequate, but as the importance of the subject has become understood and as statistical method has improved, greater refinements have been brought to scientific and general attention. The index number is the method by which price changes are shown. Even a brief history of the development and use of index numbers would take us too far afield, so a very short statement of the methods by which the index number is constructed will suffice. The prices of articles in common use are taken and a result is arrived at which is called 7100. This is known as the base. From time to time new prices are taken for the commodities which have shown some variation from the original prices. Thus, if the new set shows a decline of 10 per cent of the previous findings the new price level is called 90. New sets of prices are taken at regular intervals and a range of price variations is established. Just so long as the methods of computing and maintaining the index numbers remain unchanged we have a fairly accurate measure of price variations. Whether wholesale or retail prices are to be used will depend upon the purposes which the index number is supposed to serve. If general business conditions are to be indicated, wholesale prices of basic commodities may be used. If the purpose is to determine the condition of wage workers, retail prices are preferable. It at once becomes clear that each commodity is not of equal import- ance in the expenditures of a group. Doubling the price of toothbrushes is not nearly so important as a rise of a fraction of a per cent in house rent, and as commodities do not all rise or fall together and as some fall and rise more rapidly than others it is necessary to estimate what proportion of the total expenditure is represented by each commodity. This attempt to apportion value is known as weighting. Nowadays most index members are weighted. Weighting is dificult and necessarily inaccurate, but even poor weighting is likely to be better than no weighting at all. A quantity and cost budget such as this committee has developed is a carefully weighted index number, designed for a specific purpose. We have taken a large number of commodities including as nearly as pos- sible the entire round of the expenditures of families and individuals of the groups with which we are concerned. We have estimated the prob- able quantities which would be used. We were guided in equal parts by experience and judgment. The large numbers of items chosen minimize the probability of substantial error. No one commodity is given a suffi- cient weight in the budget to throw the results out of line even if a serious error were committed. It is for this reason that we may accept criticism of specific items without jeopardizing the total result. sa The price investigation. Prices were collected in two periods: October, 1920, and November, 1921. At both periods the same method was used. Price investigators went to work simultaneously in San Francisco, Los Angeles and Sacra- mento. These three cities were chosen as the homes of a very large pro- portion of the state employees. Concerns were chosen with reference to the places where the various classes of state employees might be expected to go for their purchases. Wherever possible, prices represent- ing different qualities of the same general commodity were taken. The prices for each grade of commodity in each city were then averaged; then the average for the three cities was taken and this sum is the price set down in the budget as fairly representing the cost of that commodity at the two periods studied : viz, October, 1920, and November, 1921. The difference in price between the three cities studied was very small and it would, therefore, seem that no injustice was done by stating a flat rate of pay irrespective of residence. ‘We have confidence that the conclusions herein set down represent the prices in the state as a whole. In all cases, standard prices were taken—that is, we made no allowances for possible economies from pur- chasing of second-hand goods, mail-order, sales or the like. On the other hand, the committee adopted the standard that usually cash or ordinary credit payments would be made. Higher prices which might be charged because of installment purchases were not taken into consideration. Because of the care exercised in choosing commodities, in weighing them and in pricing them the committee feels that the budgets it has established should be maintained. At regular intervals, probably once a year, new prices obtaining in California should be taken rather than to accept the changes indicated by other index numbers. A considerable part of the value of the committee’s work is: I. A carefully differentiated set of commodities. II. A differentiation of quality and quantity according to the group. III. A method by which it will be easy to keep the quantity and cost budget up to date. Occupations for which the budgets were made were selected for the following reasons: Day laborers and clerks are not organized; consequently their wages are not fixed as are those of organized workers by formal bargain. In consequence, there may be considerable variation of wages to laborers and clerks for similar work in different departments of the state govern- ment. Inspection of the state’s wage scale made it plain that in a few cases wages were being paid that were not sufficient to meet adequately nil | Bi the needs of the employees. A budget was prepared for executives for the purpose of establishing a standard which might attract able men of public spirit to the service of the state and hold those already in the service. No budgets were prepared for skilled workers. Whatever wages the state might pay them are fixed by competitive conditions which determine wages of all skilled workers whether employed by the state or private employer. Since a large number of state employees are unmarried clerks, separate budgets were prepared for this group. None of the budgets made would be applicable to employees working in institutions, who receive part of their wages in food and lodging. Heretofore, studies that had been made used one of the following budget levels: 1. The pauper or poverty level. 2. A minimum of subsistence level. ~ 3. The minimum of health and decency level, sometimes called fair standard, which represents a level sufficiently higher than the minimum to provide in some measure against the hazards of life as well as for the routine necessities. 4. The minimum of health and comfort level. A health and comfort level might profitably be added to this. The committee adopted the minimum of health and comfort level. The first price study was made in October, 1920, almost at the peak of prices. Very soon thereafter, the fall in prices became noticeable. Therefore, in November, 1921, another price investigation was made. The results of both these studies are included in the following report. The reduction in the family budgets in the three classifications fell in each case approximately 10 per cent and there is very little significant difference between the fall in prices of food, clothing, miscellaneous and home operation. The drop is on the whole uniform. A difference should be noted in rent. In this case the trend is upward instead of downward. All other observations would confirm a result which would show house rent lagging behind other items. It is surprising, however, that rent is working in the opposite direction from other prices. The reader should bear in mind that we do not possess the same confidence in our rental figures that we do in our other results. We found it impossible to compare the same houses in the two years, but we believe that the testing shown by the rents is approximately correct. Size of family. In the case of the married man, the census family was adopted—that is, the family consisting of husband, wife, and three children. The ages i Pies selected were those adopted in the tentative quantity and cost budget prepared by the United States Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statisties, 1919, namely, a boy of 11 years, a girl of 5 years and a hoy of two years. Merits of the “Census Family” concept. The committee realizes that both of the assumptions of size of family and source of incomes are open to question. It was, however, necessary to choose some standard and it seemed not unfair to assume the census family. At least, this is subject to less criticism than any other size we might have selected. The statistical or census family, the family of five, is a convention of long standing but is not a fact, particularly with regard to the clerk and the executive. Also, the husband as sole sup- porter of the group is probably not the usual and exact picture of family sources of income but rather an American standard toward which all aspiration for family group life tends. A thoroughgoing study of the real situation would probably show many variations in the size of family, in the numbers contributing, in the sources of income in addition to income from work. It is, however, American standard for the indi- vidual to assume that his wages or salary should be at least sufficient to support him and his group without additional sources of income whether from gift or property. We have precedent in all American life for the assumption that the husband’s earnings shall be large enough not to force the wife to leave the home for wage work. The other assumption that the unmarried workers are without depend- ents is not true in every case. Many unmarried employees, male and female, have one or more dependents. But the two concepts have the advantages of familiarity and comparability with previous studies. For this reason, we have continued them in this study. We are fortunate in being able to check the statistical family with the dependency statistics of state employees. The following tables indicate the marital relations of 6000 employees of the State of California in September, 1920 : . 49 per cent of all state employees are married men, 23 per cent of all state employees are single men. 4 per cent of all state employees are married women. per cent of all state employees are single women. per cent of all state employees are boys (under 21). 5 per cent of all state employees are girls (under 21). 62.5 per cent of all married men have dependents, other than wives. 94 per cent of which dependents are children. G per cent of which dependents are adults, other than wives. 29.2 per cent of all married men have no children. 1.23 is the average number of children for each married man. 1.97 is the average number of children for married men with children. 3.31 is the average size of family for married men (this includes employee, wife, children, and full dependent adults). 16 3 ig 15.7 per cent of all married and single women, single men, and boys and girls have dependents. 195 is the average number of dependents for all married and single women, single men, and boys and girls. 2.23 is the average size of family to be supported by a state emnloyee’s salary. (This includes employee and both adult and minor full dependents.) Note.—The above statistics were developed by the sampling method. Detailed data was secured from slightly less than 20 per cent of the employees in the service, who were selected in such a manner as to give results which would be, so far as determinable, typical of the service as a whole. These statistics show that the average family of a married empioyee (man), including himself, is 3.31. And it should be kept in mind that this statistical family pertains to 49 per cent of all state employees. The number of partial dependents was found to be relatively small and as we have no way of estimating the degree of partial dependency we can afford to omit this factor from consideration. The concept of the average family is unsatisfactory in relation to this study as it includes unmarried employees. Of the married employees 38 per cent have no children. Of the 62 per cent of married employees with children the average number per family is somewhat more than one. In this group the partial dependency statistics are not significant. We may conclude that for the married employees the average family would be man, wife and less than two dependent children. For the unmarried employees the question of dependency is not im- portant. : It is probable that for considerably more than 50 per cent of the employees there are either no dependents, a partial dependent or that there is not more than one child in the family. It is not probable that many have more than three children. It is probable therefore that the budgets for man, wife and one child would represent a health and com- fort standard for more than half of the state employees, and that the budget for man, wife and two children would include the great major- ity of cases. The statistical family is therefore not the true type of family of state employees. The statistics of dependency were not gathered for the purposes of this study and therefore certain facts that we would wish to have known can not be determined from them. We should like to know the amount of dependency in relation to the age of the employee; the occupation of the employee correlated with age, occupation and depen- dency. We should have a frequency table classifying the actual num- bers of families of each size. We have no information in relation to other contributors to the family support or other sources of income. Studies made in other parts lea of the United States and in California would lead us to believe that additional earnings of the employee or other members of the family would add somewhat to the family income. This additional information would be of great service in future studies and in subsequent wage adjustments. Because of the discrepancies between the statistical family and the actual condition of dependency the committee made a memorandum of health and comfort estimate for a family of two, three, and four as well as for the statistical family. We did not do this for the executive because in this case the element of individual choice made it very diffi- cult and as our budget increased in amount our ability to make accu- rate estimates diminished. Our method of computing for families of smaller size is indicated in the summaries and will be described later. Source of income. . All our family budgets are based on the assumption that the man’s efforts represent the sole source of income and that the major part of that income will be income derived from work. It is also assumed that "the clerks, male and female, were independent workers both entirely self-supporting and without dependents. In budgeting for executives, it was perfectly clear that none of the published budgetary studies would offer much assistance as to quantity, since these all represented lower income levels than minimum for the executive necessarily implies. The committee worked out the problem by observation and consultation. The quantity estimate set down for the executive represents, we believe, a reasonable picture of the standard of comfort of an energetic man with initiative, energy and ambition shared by his group. The budget of the married clerk will probably challenge most criti- cism. The amount arrived at is considerably in excess of what clerks customarily now receive, whether in state or private employment. Yet a careful review, item by item, of the budget should convince‘the candid, as it has convinced this committee, that, while a family may live at a minimum of health and comfort on the sum and quantities indicated, it still requires frugality and good management to live happily within the total. We must face the fact that the period of high prices has worked the greatest hardship upon this group of married clerks. Salaries which were always slightly lower than standard of living rose scarcely at all with increasing costs. Our estimated total will only seem large until attention is given to the surprising fact that our budget (1921) for a family of five is a little less than twice the amount that seems unavoid- ably necessary for a single male clerk. ty 1 The total of the laborer’s budget is also higher than current rates of wages. But taken item by item, the quantities required and the costs thereof make that total seem unavoidably necessary to the committee. The total is also lower than that of the clerk’s, not because we believe there is a notable difference in standard of living but because the con- ventional demands upon the laborer, particularly in the field of clothing and housing are less. Food estimate. In preparing the food budget it was not thought advisable to follow the plan adopted by the United States Department of Labor as outlined in their minimum quantity budget necessary to maintain a worker’s family of five in health and decency. That budget gives in detail the number of pounds of the different foods to be used annually by the family. Tastes differ, market conditions differ, and the seasons are not the same in California as in the East. It seemed far more rational and logical : 1. To arrange a minimum of subsistence diet which provides a sufficient amount of the various types of food to keep the body in good work- ing order as far as can be determined by all scientific investigations. 2. To compare this standard with the diets chosen by thousands of people on small incomes and to compare and adjust over and over wherever the adjustment does not conflict with known rules of human economy, etc. In other words, the minimum standard of health and efficiency is a combination between the purely theoreti- cally worked out standard and that which is the people’s instine- tive choice, modified by tradition, built up by generations of experience and limited by a small income. This minimum standard diet, however, does not allow for: 1. Marked individuality. 2. Disabilities of digestion. 3. Gratification of whims and of the palate. In preparing a food budget for a family it is certainly self-evident that the amount to be expended should not be less than that called for by the minimum standard diet in that the said budget provides merely for the serious needs of the body. The question might well be asked, on what level of income and in com- pensation of what type of work is a person to be granted the privilege, by a board of censors, of gratifying whims and tastes, of entertaining company and of eating sometimes for the pleasure of the palate besides satisfying the cravings of hunger. The minimum standard dietary taken as a basis, which has been pre- sented on several occasions, was arranged to serve as a guide for the care es TN of wards of the state and as a level below which one dared not go. ait was presented before arbitration boards to aid in wage controversies between corporations and employee where the struggle is often a bitter one. In presenting a budget to be used as a guide for the payment of state employees it would seem that no such minimum should be the standard. The state should lead and not follow in matters of progressive thought and action. This minimum standard is arranged for the family of a man at active work and requires some adjustment before it can be used for that of a clerk or an executive. Physical inactivity, as a rule, deprives a person of the peculiar type of appetite which enables him to enjoy and digest the amount of coarser food that a physical worker can handle. The sedentary worker requires a little more variety and perhaps more of the concentrated foods, more vegetables, ete., than does the laborer. Therefore, it would appear best to have two health and efficiency standards: 1. For the physical worker. 2. For the sedentary worker. The yearly minimum of subsistence budget for a family of five, based on prices of October, 1920, amounted to $780. The family included father, mother and three children aged 2, 5 and 11 respectively. The minimum standard, therefore, of the two families would. differ some- what as to cost, but in view of the difference in amount and kinds of food used and also a slight difference in the price of some of the foods the minimum cost for the ‘‘Government family’’ and the minimum cost for the family as considered inthe California budget do not differ materially, as indicated by the figures $780 and $771, respectively. The minimum, therefore, of $771 (1920) has been taken as the basis for the annual budget and there has been added to it that which seemed necessary to raise it to a health and decency standard. The respective extensions of the budget are what should be termed “minimum extensions’ though it is obvious that at this point the pro- priety of diversity of opinion is pertinent. The laborer. . For the family of the laborer the minimum budget of $771 is increased to $865 or an addition of about 12 per cent. This increase was not arbitrarily decided on but.the additions of the different items to the minimum budget which were deemed advisable amounted to about $94 per annum. This is not an extravagant estimate but should be sufficient to cover the ordinary needs of the family of the laborer. 3—22048 — AD The clerk. It might be said that the budget which has been suggested for the family of the laborer should be sufficient for the family of the clerk. This, to a certain extent, is true but it must be remembered that there are certain items of extra expense which the clerk has to meet, which do not have to be considered in the case of the laborer. For instance, the laborer as a rule takes his lunch with him while the clerk usually eats his lunch at a restaurant. It is necessary, therefore, to increase the food budget suggested for the clerk to meet this extra. The budget, there- fore, suggested for the clerk, in view of the foregoing and other items to be taken into consideration, has been increased to $970 which again must be taken as the minimum budget and not as an extravagant or lux- urious one. The executive. g A more liberal budget should be allowed for the executive because in general his dietary would conform to a higher standard of living than the clerk or laborer. Conventional demands of entertainment, more expensive meats, fruits and végetables, would necessarily increase the amount spent for food. In accordance with the foregoing there has been added to the mini- mum of subsistence budget, $771, a minimum extension of $474, thus making the annual food budget for the executive $1,245. These figures are for a family of five and do not include any help. It would appear, however, that the executive’s food budget should have a food allowance for a maid which would increase the above figure from $1,245 to $1,440. The food budgets of the laborer, clerk and executive, respectively, were calculated at prices of October, 1920. Had they been calculated for the month of November, 1921, the figures would have been much less, as indicated by the following tabular statements: October, November, Budget 1920 1921 Eaberer' vid Comite ani nd Sl RRR TS LIL NS $865 $696 lente io 0 aa aS a 970 TY8 Execufiye bio to CLE a Sl hao 1,245 1,063 - 1 FOOD AND COST FOR ONE YEAR FOR FAMILY OF LABORER. November, 1921. Family of two | Family of three | Family of four | Family of five Price, cents Pounds | Cost |Pounds| Cost |Pounds| Cost |Pounds| Cost Class I— Meatand fish... 23.8 35.0 | $8 33 40.0 | $9 52 42.0 |$10 00 42.0 | $10 00 Mille. ...d 25 6.0 28.0 1 68 53.0 3 18 98.0 8 88 | 188.0 9 48 Hees anu] 44.5 4.0 1-78 5.0 2 23 9.0 4 01 12.5 5.56 Beans. Y4i on 8.2 3.5 29 4.0 33 4.0 33 4.0 33 Class II— Flour... ..& 4.9 39.0 192 49.0 2 40 53.0 2 60 55.0 2 70 Other cereals__________ 9.0 18.0 1:62 24.0 2 16 27.0 2 43 30. 270 Class ITI— Vegetables {: ...... > 6.0( 61.0( 366 785.0 468 | 36.0 5.167 90.0 5 40 Pruwite ond ies 0 7.6{ 30.0 228] 38.0 289 | 44.01 335| 50.0 3 80 Class IV— : Butter. 1. .: 58.0 7.0 4 06 7.5 4 35 9.0 i 10.0 5 80 Oilsand fats. =... 25.6 6.0 1 54 6.0 1 54 6-0 % 54 6.0 1 54 Class V— Buear.o 6.8 13.0 89 16.0 109 18.0 123 20.0 1 36 Extras— Coffee and tea, ete. ___ 42.5 4.0 1:70 4.0 170 4.0 170 4.0 170 Sundries coon leds 5.35 flat Gas on goign] Ll 7 65 Totals forxmonth i loc orale solu 835-00 |... = $42.52: Vo. $5010 \_...... $58 00 Totalsforyear: ci: oli zzocfr on 420 00 Lr io fi Le RE BER iis 601 20 1... 696 24 FOOD AND COST FOR ONE YEAR FOR FAMILY OF CLERK. November, 1921. } wit Family of two |Family of three] Family of four| Family of five rice, 72 cents Pounds| Cost |Pounds| Cost |Pounds| Cost |Pounds| Cost Class I— Meat and fish 27.0 34.5 | $9 34 38.0 [$10 26 42.0 |$11 31 42.0 | $11 34 Mik: 6.0 28.0 1 68 53.0 31S 98.0 590 | 158.0 9 48 Z2gs__ _ 44.5 4.0 1178 5.0 2 23 9.0 4 00 12.5 5 56 Beans, no) 0 8.2 3.5 29 4.0 33 4.0 33 4.0 33 Class IT— : Plowrssi isis oinoiiag 4.9 35.0 1:76 48.0 2 30 53.0 2 60 55.0 2 70 Other cereals__________ 10.0 17.0 170 23.0 2 30 27.0 270 30.0 3 00 Class III— Vegetables... i -.. ... 6.0 60.0 3 60 77 .0 4 62 86.0 5 16 90.0 5 40 ob, ols 8.0 30.0 2 40 37.0 2 96 44.0 3 52 50.0 4 00 Class IV— : Butter... ...: 58.0 7:0 4 06 8.0 4 64 9.0 5 22 10.0 5 80 Ollsandfats’ 26.0 6.0 130 6.0 1 56 6.0 1 56 6.0 1 56 Class V— Sugar. i: Serie en 18 6.8 13.0 89 15.0 1 02 18.0 123 20.0 1 36 Extras— Coflee, tea, ete... .... 42.5 4.0 170 4.0 170 4.0 170 4.0 170 Sundier.. oe lene salons i nw. 1230). ..... 14 25 Totalsformonth.. |. 2. lo _ 20 $39.90. .... $43 50 (ool $58°04 (oo ou $66 48 Totals for year... .... oii yi 2 478 80 1 an 582-60 |... 686 48 1 797 76 n= FOOD AND COST FOR ONE YEAR FOR FAMILY OF EXECUTIVE. November, 1921. Family of five Pounds Cost Class I— Meatanddfish? oo: - 0 oF ono lee neha 52 $14 82 Miller aie oh a La en TET 160 9 60 Moos LL eS Se i he as ely 15 6 66 Beans 2 17 Class ITI— Wleur s.r l aD aia 5 2 21 Otherleerealz BY oC da eT 12 6 96 Oilstondifatas Lo coictrb 0 cE La a 10 2377 Class V— Sugars oof ale die GB Se i cl en Sse 27 184 Extras— Coffeetenmetol ool Nl 0 00 LL mn a 6 2 55 Sundries Ss Uo inline aaa 23 00 Wotolsformonthe Lv dh oof 000g a a $88 57 Potalsforyear. coauiio ina able nati ss Sn ee 1,062 84 The reductions in the amount granted for food (1921) for the smaller families were computed by Professor Jaffa in the following manner: For the family of four a deduction of 14 per cent was made from the amount allotted to the family of five. In the case of the laborer this was $95.04; for the clerk $111.28. For the family of three a subtraction of 27 per cent, or $186, was made for the laborer and $215.16 for the clerk. For the family of two a subtraction of 40 per cent, or $276.24, for the laborer and $318.96 for the clerk was made. These results are based upon careful calculation of the physiological needs of each member of the family, rather than upon considering the children as fractional parts of adults, either with respect to their caloric needs or the cost of their diet. Clothing. The items for clothing of the clerk and laborer groups were taken in the main from the quantity and cost budget of the United States Depart- ment of Labor referred to above. These items were slightly modified to meet California climatic conditions. The analysis of quantity and arti- cles of clothing for the executive were adopted from data prepared by Professor J. B. Peixotto of the University of California, and slightly modified to the Committee’s immediate purpose. —af The committee recognizes that the tastes and propensities of a given group play a part in the selection of the quality in clothing. Customs of the class to which the group belongs are, however, the determining factor. The quality of the clothing of the group was therefore decided upon after: first, consulting salespeople about the type of article most frequently purchased by the several occupational groups here under consideration ; second, by gathering testimony concerning the purchas- ing habits of the several groups. The quantity of clothing. Assigning quantities is the most novel and difficult part of the task of studying clothing costs. In determining the quantities of clothing the guide has been the attention to fashion which the work and the social relations of each group made necessary. The relative durability of the goods purchased and the purchasing power of the group were also taken into account. It is believed that the quantities actually set down permit neither extravagance nor undue attention to frequent shifts of fashion. If the executive, the clerk, or the laborer were to be in any wise wasteful, they would certainly overstep the narrow bounds which our list describes. Any suspicion that the total allowed is large will be disarmed by frank inspection, article by article, of the quantities assigned to each member of the family. Nothing but routine needs have been provided. The list contains nothing but the quantities required to keep the individual reasonably supplied with a wardrobe conventionally suited to the customs of his class and his community. In the case of the younger children it is taken for granted that the “hold-overs’’ for the previous years would not be available. The two year old child’s stock of the previous year obviously would not fit. The five year old child being of different sex than her older brother could not mnherit her brother’s clothing. With the adults we always counted on the probability of using ‘‘hold-overs.’’ Home-made clothing. No specific allowance has been made for home-made clothing. If the wife of the family is dexterous and prefers it, she will possibly make some things at home. It is in this item that a considerable proportion of the 5 per cent deducted for management will show itself, but we had no flata upon which to base a quantitative estimate. Prices. The prices decided upon presuppose the typical purchase made by the average mother of three children who_ is predisposed to ordinary economy. While we expect her to seek good values conscientiously we have not believed that she was ordinarily able to hunt bargains. io In reducing the amount allowed for clothing for the smaller families the total cost of clothing for the three children was divided by three and the amount thus found was deducted from the family budget in relation to the size of the family. For the laborer family $52.22 was deducted for each child. For the clerk’s family $94.03 was deducted for each child. House operation, etc. The sections on house operation and furnishings and the division of miscellaneous were also with slight adaptation taken from a list pre- pared by Professor Peixotto. These divisions of our budget we thought contributed something to budgetary method by itemizing this division of household expenditures in greater detail than it has heretofore been analyzed. These two accounts, house operation and miscellaneous, repre- sent items that bulk large in the total expenditure of most individuals and families, though it has not been usual to recognize this fact. In Cali- fornia this is true not only for families living at health and comfort levels, but also for families living at the lower planes of living. This section, house operation, includes relatively few items, but it bulks large in the total expenditures of the group. It shows only a slight variation between the two years. In fact shelter shows a contrary tendency from other commodities as it is higher in 1921 than in 1920. Fuel, light, heat show slight or no variations. The same is true of insur- ance, medical care, etc. These relatively constant factors include a per- centage of the total budget which tends toward 50 per cent or 60 per cent. Shelter. We have assumed that the employee rented his home. It would be. difficult to state with assurance whether anything could be saved by house purchase, but with valuation, taxes, etc., at present levels it seems doubtful. At any rate we are in accord with the practice of state em- ployees. In 1920 when the statistics of dependency referred to above were taken, the employees tabulated reported that only 8.2 per cent owned their homes and that 13.6 per cent were buying their homes. For laborers we took as a type a five room house in a working class neighborhood. For the clerk a six room house and for the executive an eight room house. The neighborhood in each case was chosen with care to represent the probable districts where employees of the different grades might live. The method of reduction for smaller families is perhaps sufficiently indicated in the summary tables which follow. No changes are allowed for fuel, light, heat, or renovations. The percentage change in cleaning aT supplies and personal cleaning is high, but the monetary change is slight. The most important change occurs in rent. Miscellaneous. Your committee has spent a great amount of time working over this section. While other budgets do not ignore this item, they under- estimate its importance and have not worked out its details. As we ascend from the poverty plane to the plane of comfort, the total amount expended and the proportion of income which goes for incidental expenses increases. : The factors of management and saving, ability to do without, variation of personal taste are especially notable in these particulars. The most characteristic item in this respect is medical and dental care. No com- mittee can standardize the number of visits a doctor makes to a family in a year nor the time spent in a dentist’s chair. Some people go to the doctor on the slightest provocation; others go only in extreme emergen- cies. Some people care for their teeth, others do not. Some families will go for years without the need of medical care; others are always ailing. Sudden emergencies will take the savings of years. We cannot claim precision. This we do know that if the family of five should take health insurance in a reputable company the charge would be much greater than our figures. Management. : : The flexibility of the ‘miscellaneous’ group of itself justifies the inclusion of a reduction for management. There is a certain degree of flexibility in other items such as clothing, ete. The estimates of 5 per cent which we have applied to all budgets is little better than guess work, however. Further information is necessary in this item. How the committee met certain problems. The committee based its estimates upon a standard that defined for each group of employees a minimum of health and comfort within the class under consideration. In the case of the executive, the standard of life of men in responsible positions in private employment was con- stantly in mind since the competition of these positions for the type of man it is desirable to hold in state service could not be overlooked. In preparing budget studies, there are certain decisions to be made and each decision is in turn largely dependent upon the budget level and standard a committee may adopt. The dilemma might be stated as follows : Is the standard to be adopted that which the group sets for itself under pressure of economics enforced by a wage lower than that which is desirable; is the actual consumption of a group investigated to be 3 the general guide as was in part the case in the study of the govern- ment clerks made by the United States Department of Labor Statistics in 1919 and the general usage in all studies previous to that time: or, is the standard of health and comfort rather universally desired by straight-forward simple American manhood and womanhood to be the guide? A fourth possibility would be the findings of the laboratory and the specialist generally. The committee was guided by the government budgets of 1919, but did not follow them slavishly. It would have been an easy but rather worthless task to do this because the most perfunctory analysis indi- cated that the government’s standards were exceedingly parsimonious and not in accord with standards which the state service should set. It was not our purpose to impose high standards upon a reluctant group, but rather to indicate what in our judgment a proper standard was. We do not know how far the Civil Service Commission can go in putting our recommendations into effect, but we believe that a careful investigation should be of value now and in the future. In state service as everywhere else, there are people who, having become habituated to a low standard of expenditure, see nothing out of the way in it and who seem to get along. On the other hand, others will not be able to manage and will seem to be going back. Therefore the mere statement of what certain individuals may consider their class standards, while always interesting and instructive, is by no means conclusive. We are presenting our results as estimates founded upon Yaa In speaking with people of all degrees of wisdom and financial standing we became convinced that very few knew what they were spending. Neither in total amount nor item by item were their estimates reliable. At best their statements were rough guesses, far rougher than our esti- mates. This is not surprising because spending is circled about with habits of mind and tradition. Expenditure is seldom a matter of care- ful calculation and record. The standards of life and particularly standards of health and comfort are modified by three inter-weaving views concerning the goods and services that satisfy man’s wants. Each individual has his own estimate of what goods are needed to enable him to live in health and comfort. Specialists fulminate about the useless- ness of many goods and services and specify a minimum of necessities for health and comfort, especially in the division of food and shelter. Class conventions based upon habit and custom furnish the determining influence that fixes the stock of goods commonly desired by those who wish to live on a comfort level. Theory about the amount of income necessary to satisfy a comfort standard proves on analysis to be a com- plex of many motives. Perhaps the most compelling of these is emula- tion. What a man receives, of course, determines in very considerable a 1 measnre the commodities and services he thinks he ought to have. But he and his are apt to strive toward the income class just above his own. What the income class to which he belongs or aims to belong ascribes to itself represents what he wants. There is seldom perfect contentment within a group standard. In standards of living as in spiritual growth there is always upward striving. Men live at one plane of living; their standard of living presses upon it and their grumbling concerning their plane of living is stimulated by ambitious observations of the income group just above. Thus, it would be difficult to prove to a man receiving $5,000 a year that his salary yielded more than the stock of goods and commodities giving health and comfort to himself and his group. A clerk who had fitted his life into the standard of $1500 would, for a time at least, feel himself at a high level of health and comfort when his salary was raised to $3,000. All estimates represent certain compromises between these related standards. The committee’s budget estimates were raised to *a higher level because it recognized the force of these complicating standards. The committee understood it to be its part to determine what the income must be that would permit expenditures that represented a fair social compromise with these overlapping standards. In its final decision, the ‘committee felt that it should place greater emphasis upon the opinion of specialists of the actual expenditures which a fixed income imposed upon the group. Averaging the practices of the group would be interesting and worth while. But we lacked data for it and, besides, to have done it would not have met the purposes for which the committee was callea: viz., to determine a health and comfort standard and not to condemn or to confirm any existing standard. no [t 1s of course clear to everyone who has thought about the matter that the further we get from a subsistence level, the more difficult it becomes to make an accurate budget. Dietitians may and do estimate the minimum amount of food that will keep a group in -health. It is also not impossible to agree in any given community at any given time upon those living facilities that maintain health and decency but the moment we leave these two divisions of expenditure or in general the subsistence level, matters of taste, questions of emulative display and other factors enter to make precision well nigh impossible. To strike an average of the standard within each of these income groups as this committee has aimed to do, is a task to which we have given our best judgment. We recognize that none the less the results will be open to a criticism that we shall weleome when based upon an analysis as painstaking as that we have tried to bring to the work. ‘ 4—22048 TABLE 1. QUANTITY AND COST ESTIMATES FOR LABORERS AND CLERKS ACCORDING TO SIZE OF FAMILY GROUP. (Prices, 1921.) House and house g 2% *Final Total Food Clothing operation Miscellaneous Occupation Size of group estimate, amount, 1921 192 1 Amount Per cent Amount Per cent Amount Per cent Amount Per cent Laborer__._| Man, wife, 3 children $2,049 57 | $2,157 44 $697 00 32.3% $373 13 17-3 $710 36 32.9 $376 95 17 .4 Laborir__.__| Man, wife, 2 children 1,859 14 1,956 99 601 20 30.7 320 94 16.3 672 02 34.2 362 83 18.5 Laborer... -.|" Man, wife, l child. _..._.L..._._.. 1,663 34 1,750 88 510 20 29.1 268 75 15.3 619 57 35.3 352 26 20.1 Laborer.--_[eMan, wife. o_o a, 1,449 43 1,525 72 420 00 27.5 216 56 14.1 553 67 36.2 335 49 21.9 lerke.. Man, wife, 3 children... .._....... 2,991 56 3,149 01 798 00 25.3 717 65 22.7 1,127 61 35.8 505 75 16.0 Clerle.. o-.. Man, wife, 2 children... .._...... ¥| 2,584 15 2.720 15 686 48 25.2 623 39 22.9 18 76 33.7 491 52 18.0 Clerk... .... Man, wife, 1 ehildo.. 5. 0 0 1 2,287 80 | 2,408 21 582 60 24.1 52913 21.9 823 86 34.2 472 62 19.6 Clerk. r--=-l0Man, wifeo: ore ea 2,006 36 2,111 96 478 80 22.6 434 87 20.5 748 26 35.4 450 12 21.3 Executive. _.| Man, wife, 3 children. _________} Xz __| 6,683 06 7,034 80 1,063 00 15.1 1,424 53 20.2 2,985 02 42 4 1,562 25 22.2 *Final estimate represents total amount less 5 per cent deduction for careful management. =O = TABLE 2. QUANTITY AND COST ESTIMATES FOR LABORER, CLERK AND EXECUTIVE SHOWING COMPARATIVE COSTS OF FOOD, CLOTHING, SHELTER AND MISCELLANEOUS. Man, Wife and 3 Children (Prices 1920-1921). Laborer Clerk Executive 1920 1921 1920 1921 1920 1921 Pood: _ io. Seduadn dest $865 00 $697 00 $970 00 $798 00 || $1,245 00 | $1,063 00 Clothing. Scanner 438 10 373 13 839 96 717 65°|| 1,747 75 1,424 53 Shelter and house operation___ 720 53 710 36 1,154 24 1,127 61 1] 3,116 97 2,985 02 Miscellaneous... - =~ 2. 388 80 376 95 521 10 505 75 || 1,649 90 1,562 25 PotalS. cas wes smi Hii a $2,412 43 | $2,157 44 |1 $3,485 30 | $3,149 01 (| $7,759 62 | $7,034 80 5% deduction for management 120 62 108 87 174 27 157 45 387 98 351 74 Final estimate. __________ $2,291 81 | $2,049 57 |$3,311 03 | $2,991 56 || $7,371 64 | $6,683 06 TABLE 3. QUANTITY AND COST ESTIMATE OF FOOD, CLOTHING, SHELTER AND MISCELLANEOUS AT THREE STANDARDS OF LIVING Man, Wife and Three Children (Prices, 1920). House and house Food Clothing WE Miscellaneous Group *Final Total operation estimate 7 Amount, Per cent Amount Per cent Amount Per cent Amount Per cent Taborers. oo lao il $2,291 81 $2,412 43 $865 00 35.8 $438 10 18.1 $720 53 20.8 $388 80 16.1 Clerkoo ios oll niidvviduitesis 3,311 03 3,485 30 970 00 27.8 839 96 24.1 1,154' 24 33.1 521 10 14.9 Bxecutive.. ._..... ....dc.iiaal 7,371 64 7,759 62 1,245 00 16.0 || 1,747 75 22.5 3,116 97 40.1 1,649 90 21.2 | #Final estimate represents total amount less 5 per cent deduction for careful management. QUANTITY AND COST ESTIMATE TABLE 4. Man, Wife and Three Children (Prices, 1921). OF FOOD, CLOTHING, SHELTER AND MISCELLANEOUS AT THREE STANDARDS OF LIVING. Food House and house Clothing : Miscellaneous Group *Final Total operation estimate . Amount Per cent Amount Per cent Amount Per cent Amount Per cent Laborer $2,049 57 $2,157 44 $697 00 32.3 $373 13 17.3 $710 36 32.9 $376 95 17 .4 Jlerk 2,991 56 3,149 01 798 00 25.3 717 65 22.7 1,127 61 35.8 505 75 16.0 Executive 6,683 06 7,034 80 1,063 00 15.1 1,424 53 20.2 2,985 02 42 4 1,562 25 22.2 1 ¥ *Final estimate represents total amount less 5 per cent deduction for careful management. TABLE s. COMPARATIVE COST OF A MINIMUM OF HEALTH AND COMFORT, 1920 AND 1921. LABORER. Man, Wife and Three Children. < : House and house [ : Yok Filial Foil Food Clothing operation Miscellaneous estimate Amount Per cent Amount Per cent Amount Per cent Amount Per cent G20, ae a er ana $2,291 81 $2,412 43 $865 00 35.8 $438 10 18.1 $720 53 29.8 $388 80 16.1 IG20 © as Ss aa es 2,049 57 2,157 44 697 00 32.3 373 13 17.3 710 36 32.9 376 95 17.4 fetid *Final estimate represents total amount less 5 per cent deduction for careful management. TABLE 6. COMPARATIVE COST OF A MINIMUM OF HEALTH AND COMFORT, 1920 AND 1921. CLERK. Man, Wife and Three Children. : House and house : Food Clothing : Miscellaneous Year *Final Total operation estimate Amount Per cent Amount Per cent Amount Per cent Amount Per cent BO20. Jae nn NE Ss Sa $3,311 03 $3,485 30 $970 00 27.8 $839 96 24.1 $1,154 24 33.1 $521 10 14.9 RY aa Son 2,991 56 3,149 01 798 00 25.3 717 65 22.9 1,127 61 35.8 505 75 16.0 *Final estimate represents total amount less 5 per cent deduction for careful management, TABLE 7. COMPARATIVE COST OF A MINIMUM OF HEALTH AND COMFORT, 1920 AND 1921. . EXECUTIVE. Man, Wife and Three Children. : House and house ; Food Clothing 3 Miscellaneous Year. #Final Total operation estimate : Amount Per cent Amount Per cent Amount Per cent Amount Per cent 10 ER ed rd $7,371 64 $7,759 62 $1,245 00 16.0 $1,747 75 22.5 $3,116 97 40.1 $1,649 90 21.2 JO). an eaaipaaae 6,683 06 7,034 80 1,063 00 15.1 1,424 53 20.2 2,985 02 42 4 1,562 25 22.2 *Final estimate represents total amount less 5 per cent deduction for careful management. TABLE 8. CLERK (SINGLE MAN). COMPARATIVE COST OF A MINIMUM OF HEALTH AND COMFORT, 1920 AND 1921. 3 : House and house : Food Clothing : Miscellaneous Year *Final Total operation estimate Amount Per cent Amount Per cent Amount Per cent Amount Per cent 1920 Casas nan Cults $1,378 29 $1,450 84 $567 20 39.1 $256 71 17.7 $180 00 12 .4 $446 93 30.8 RO ai aaa 1,285 70 1,353 37 515 20 38.1 228 82 16.9 180 00 13.3 429 35 31.7 *Kinal estimate represents total amount less 5 per cent deduction for careful management. TABLE og. CLERK (SINGLE WOMAN). COMPARATIVE COST OF A MINIMUM OF HEALTH AND COMFORT, 1920 AND 1921. House and house Food Clothing 3 Miscellaneous - Year *Final Total aparsiion estimate Amount Per cent Amount Per cent Amount Per cent Amount Per cent 920: a cs $1,337 68 $1,408 09 $567 20 40.3 $322 69 22.9 $180 00 12.8 $338 20 24.0 BO a a aa 1,256 48 1,322 62 515 00 38.9 308 00 23.3 180 00 13.6 319 42 24.2 *Final estimate represents total amount less 5 per cent deduction for careful management. ET TABLE ro. COMPARATIVE SUMMARY OF ESTIMATES FOR 1920 AND 1921. LABORER. Man, wife and three childred. Per cent Per cent October, 1920 November, 1921 decrease increase ; from 1920 | over 1920 1 Woodie oo oo vo 0 Lom $365.00. 1. $697 00 20.0 i 2. Clothing— Tushband oo... $122 90 $98 30 20.0 |... Wite 129 82 118 26 8.1 doo Boy, ilyears....... ... 70 41 55-99 000 Riel, years... 0 71 34 59 77 16.2 oor fl Boy, 2vears .... .. .... 43 63 40 81 6:4 |... — — 438 10 |— — 373 13 YF laser os 3. House operation— Fuel, heat, light... _. $114 04 $97 43 14.5) «eens Replacements__________. 2 61 99 53 52 136 jj... . enti ti oni 2 414 00 AAA aSOE eR 7.4 Other items... .__.. 130 50 114 61 122 |... — 720 53 |——— 710 36 1.4 enn mat 4, Miscellaneous. ............. 388 80 376 95 BO joie. : Grand total _________ $2,412 43 | same we 5% deduction for management. _ 120 62 | 108 8711 sie au Dg Einaltotal 2... $2,291 81 | gees] TABLE 11. COMPARATIVE SUMMARY OF ESTIMATES FOR 1920 AND 1921. CLERK. Man, wife and three children. . Per cent Per cent October, 1920 November, 1921 decrease increase from 1920 | over 1920 i. ¥ood =... 00... oi $970 00 $798 00 12.7 "Leo al:. 2. Clothing— Husband... oo... $202 16 $173 89 12.0 for. Me a 316 47 260 98 17.8 Heeacea. oi. Boy, llyears ......... .. 114 08 101 61 10.9 1... .... Ginl, SG yenrs.. 0. 122 55 104 96 14.3 jooisiziis Boy, 2years...... ...... 84 70 76 21 9.6 J. oeotE — 839 96 717 65 15 |... oo. 3. House operaticn— Fuel, heat, ight. _____.__ $119 11 $102 73 13.7 ac Replacements 148 64 121 99 17.5 "| Jalen aid. onb.. ooo 620 00 66000 © cc oe. 6.4 Otherftems.......... ... 266 49 242 89 S88 gris 1,154 24 — 1,127 61 2.8 oor oo i 4. Miseclloneous:_ 2-0-2 521 10 505 75 2.9. Lo aan Grand total... _.. $3,485 30 $3,149 01 96 {> ian 59% deduction for management. _ 174 27 157 4h toca ar lo. Sl nay HTinaltotall Jo. oo $3,311 03 $2900 56 1... co. of aati, —ta TABLE 12. COMPARATIVE SUMMARY OF ESTIMATES FOR 1920 AND 1021. EXECUTIVE. Man, wife and three children. Per cent | Per cent October, 1920 November, 1921 decrease increase from 1920 | over 1920 1. Food oo aot cis $1,245-00 $1,063 00 P46 alaminnd Lk 2. Clothing— Husband... . _._..... $429 61 $386 81 Wiel i 744 74 533 82 Boy, 1l-yearsur. >..." 183 09 165 99 Girl, years... ........ 243 04 203 71 Boy, 2wvears........ ..- 147 27 134 20 — 1,747 75 —————— 1,424 53 3. House operation— Fuel, iheat, light... .... .. $202 91 $226 14 Replacements: ...... 326 34 262. 51 Rentou-. oeeaaans en 1,172 00 o 1,220 00 Otherdtems... signi 1,415 72 1,276 37 Je 3,116 97 |————— 2,985 02 4. Miscellaneous... _._ 1,649 90 1,562 25 Grandtatall 1 $7,759 62 $7,034 80 Final total, reduced 59% for man- agement CW GUS SL $7,371 64 | $6,683 06. co oon uli. ' TABLE 13. ESTIMATE FOR 1921. LABORER. Man, wife and three children. To Food i Ll aa i a i Sa Sra SD I a BEE ae $697 00 2. Clothing— Husband... .... aa i $98 30 Wife 00 0 0 en aa 118 26 Boy, Hlwwears... 0 am eat a 55 99 Gr, Bears. i seni ee a en Ea 59 77 Boy oD en E a a eh ee ee BS ST SO i AS 40 81 ; 373 13 3. House operation— Fuel heat and Baht. ee Sr a $97 43 Replacements (furniture, ete). Li 0 0 oo 53 52 BNE in ea ee ee 444 80 Otheritems o.oo iia dil sa as 114 61 == 710 36 de Miscellaneous... oii. fe ia ea SR ae Meee a a ere 376 95 Grandbotal. oo... ale ai aE ee A ea $2,157 44 Deduct 5 for managements... ool iia ani haa ia ot il Sn Le 107 87 Ota ena Es aT Le $2,049 57 ide hd TABLE 14. ESTIMATE FOR 1921. LABORER. Man, wife and two children. Hood ede es aii ge Est cs RD SL EN SL $601 20 2. Clothing— Husbandactotr. | aii ooo enn ees uid $98 30 Viale lh ot Le eee eae ee as 118 26 Childrenl meee seen ea ait 104 38 ee 320 94 SS Be 30 46 Fol a aad Hebt oo a alee nati 97 43 Replacement eR aa 53 52 Other ftemsss L . _ -. SM oe De SLE REE 110 61 ea 0672 02 4: Wliscellaneoust. 1... 0. JE de aia LL sama NL 362 83 Total for man, wife and two children $1,956 99 Deduct for management BOG tt... coon a dR Sl 97 85 NET ERT CTO SOO RE ECT Gp el A Sle i Biot $1,859 14 1Clothing—Two thirds of total for three children in original estimate. CL second child requires less additional space than first or third so $48 instead of $60 is added to rental. 30ther items—Only $4.35 is added for the second child as inspection shows the actual additional cost in those items to be small. 4Miscellaneous—Three per cent added for second child. — 0 TABLE 15. - ESTIMATE FOR 1921. LABORER. Man, wife and one child. Bead ee $510 2. Clothing— . Hushand ors i a ee ae $98 30 Wille oe ovr 0 Cri a a See a ee eS 118 26 Child 0 i ai ian dad To ll sieeve ition blues vii sh Le OL 52 19 ree 268 3. House operation— Ron i eee a © $362 46 Fuel, heat, light & Replacement... .... ooo cosoaeiio es Eo RE a Other lems. . cr r nan a ae eis —_— 619 67 4. Miscellaneous? ..... oo ions iu a Se Se RC Cl a 352 26 Total for man, wifeandonechild. . o_o Jou. Co lic. LC. fe $1,750 88 Deduct for management 5, i ee oo 87 54 Matas a A $1,663 34 1Clothing—This amount was obtained by adding one-third of total estimated for three children. less. 2Rent—Add $60. 30ther items—$6 added for one child. 4Miscellanecus—TFive per cent added for one child. Nore.—More than half of the state employees, married and unmarried, have two dependents or For the married employees, this table represents the family nearest to type. = 30 TABLE 16. ESTMATE FOR 1021. LABORER. Husband and wife. Mead aii oe in ase aaa ie haa Ere sn ADA $420 00 2. Clothing— ’ mshande aris dali sie hs se Sas $98 30 Wife doll Ll aeeenine ee a la sn Saeed 118 26 Se 216 56 3. House operation— ent a iaadeada denies $302 46 Muelsheatilight? 0. oo 0. oo Lo sil ae aaa ay 97 43 Replacement (furniture, ebe) ooo. oc tamine es cus saan coin nnsinin 53 52 Otherflemitasio 0 0... Lo shee ies ae ps ee he as 100 26 e y _ 553 67 A Miscellaneousd. os aE 335 49 MBotalforhusbond and wifes... 00 oo Loan on a $1,525 72 Less, for mapagement.. obi io visn ie co WE SPU U0E UE JU S00 RNG 76 1Rent reduced 32 per cent. 2Fuel, heat, light, replacements, laundry, etc., but slightly changed it is believed by the presence of children of the ages estimated for in the budget that includes three children. Deductions can however, we believe, be made in ‘Other items’ amounting to $14.35. 3Miscellaneous reduced 11 per cent, $42.05—toys, $2.25; gifts, $10.00; health, $25.00; barber, $4.80- TABLE 17. SUMMARY OF ESTIMATE FOR LABORER (1920). Man, wife and three children. Bool ee EN Ba he ee ee ea mE A ea $865 00 2. Clothing— Hnshand. ee Rl aie aaa anaes $122 90 Wie... oe ati 129 82 Boy lyears: Si-O aA 70 41 Gull Syenrssii no Ce eT le ae 71 34 Bey, 2%enrs. oc cocina a 43 63 ; —_— 438 10 3. House operation— Pueliheatiandilight 6a wen J unease sn $114 04 Replacements@urnituve, abe). on 0. 0 oo. ais i. 61 99 Rent. .2. oo 414 00 Other items 130 50 720 53 dE iscollaneons. ow Lhe Ca ar eases 388 80 @randfotal 0 a0 ee en eae ee a $2,412 43 Total (reduced 59 for management) ______ a $2,291 81 a] = TABLE 18. FOOD AND COST FOR ONE MONTH FOR LABORER. Family of Five. tn Pounds Cost Class I— Mentiandihshit nc 0 000 CE a Pt 23.8 42.0 $10 00 - Mil a el mm R mt 6.0 158.0 9 48 Bags Ee a 44.5 12.5 5 56 Beams Ea eR ee 8.2 4.0 33 Class II— BIT ama hea SL 4.9 55.0 2 70 Ethercerealso ry. ooo moon. alt Eh 9 30. 2 70 Class ITT— Negetables o.oo Colonia 6.0 90.0 5 40 PE EE 7.6 50.0 3 80 Class IV— nT Bulfere on co aa de Ln ae Ee 58.0 10.0 5 80 Ollsand fats... a iii rage 25.6 6.0 1 54 Class V— Swear. aE asa a eS 6.8 20.0 1 36 Extras— COREE, ten, ele. aie mea 42.5 4.0 170 AA OE at ae em ee a 7 65 Lh © $58 02 Costiperapnum.= 5... 0c. .fest oof. Coad Jl Cu tiuloo lL o8 oo 696 24 Te : Ww TABLE 19. CLOTHING FOR LABORER (1921). San Francisco Los Angeles Sacramento Average lime Foner Unit | Yearl Unit | Yer Unit | Yen! u Yearl ! ni early Tots ni carly Tote ni [early VAs nit early \ price cost Total price cost Total price cost Total price cost Total 1. Hats— Felt 1 $4 33 $4 33 $3 17 $3 17 $3 88 $3 88 $3 79 $3 79 Cap 1 2 08 2 08 $6 41 2 00 2 08 $5 25 125 125 $5 13 1.73 178 $5 57 2. Suits—wool (winter)... ..coeana-- 15 33 33 16 66 16 66 27 50 13 75 13 75 32 50 16 25 16 25 31 11 15 55 15 55 3. Extra trousers—wool._ . _._._......... 1 6 50 6 50 6 50 5 00 5 00 5 00 5.75 > 75 5.75 5 75 575 575 4. Overcoats — Generaliwear.. ... o_o... 1-6|| 33 33 5 5b 27 50 4 58 30 00 5 00 30 28 5 05 Moekkinaw.......0. i a. i 4 11 00 2.75 13 75 3 44 12 00 3 00 12°25 3 06 Sweater. on alli 1% 5 32 2 66 10 96 7 50 3.75 11:77 6 25 3 12 11 12 6 32 316 11.27 Ba Overalls. Lo aaa 2 219 4 38 4 38 2 00 4 00 4 00 1 63 3:96 3 26 1 94 3 88 3 88 6. Shirts— Cotton (work)... oo. oii ona 4 1:12 4 48 1 00 4 00 17 4 68 1 10 4 40 Cotton (madras). 0.0 loin 2 1 52 3 04 2.17 4 34 192 3 84 1 94 3 88 Wlamnel_ = 0 ~ a a 1% 3 19 1 59 9 11 4 50 2 25 10 59 4 17 2 08 10 60 3 95 93 10 21 7. Underwear— Union suits or equivalent— Cotton (summer)... ....... 2 154 3 08 1 50 3 00 1 50 3 00 151 3 02 Mixed (wintery... . ...... 2 279 5 58 3 00 6 00 2 50 5 00 2 76 5 52 Nightshivts.___ 7 ~~ “i .. 2 1 30 260 (“11 26 147 234] 11 34 135 270! 1070 127 2 54 11 08 8. Shoes— High (work) a 2 6 62 13 24 ! 5 00 10 00 | 575 11 50 579 11 58 Yowidressy. ~~ Ys 6 38 319 16 43 5 00 250 | 12 50 6 50 325) 14.75 5 96 2 93 14 51 Miscellaneous— iG \ Socksi(eotton). _. .... 0... i 0 ou 12 25 3 00 25 3 00 23 2.76 24 288 Gloves (work)... 0. oa. 6 35 2.10 23 138 17 1 02 25 1 50 Collars (stiff)... ... oo... 4 20 80 18 72 19 76 19 76 Tieg.(business)..._ .... 0... 2 66 1 32 72 1 44 92 184 |\ 77 1 54 Handkerchiefs... 0. io... i... 8 11 88 13 1 04 12 96 | \\" 12 96 Carters. _ oi. a 2 33 66 25 50 32 64 30 60 Belts tea] 1g 50 17 50 17 1 00 33 67 22 Suspenders (heavy)... ..... au... 1 69 69 78 78 75 75 74 74 Ombrelln. i... usa ann sens Y 1 50 38 10 00 1 50 38 9 41 2-50 62 9 68 1 83 46 9 66 10. Ineidentals. LC ono oon oo ioc dahon ote 5 00 B00... a 5 00 S500. 5 00 500. ice 5 00 5 00 11. Upkeep— 2 - : : Cleaning sults... .. ... .. C..... 1 1 81 181 1 50 1 50 1 69 169 1 66 1 66 Half-solesand heels... _.._ __._ __.. 2 « 225 4 50 6 31 2 00 4 00 5 50 2 00 4 00 5 69 2 08 4 16 5 82 Grandatotalo Lo... aa olSe elEe Sde $103.02 0 ea $04 13 ona $793 1% ule oe ten $98 30 TABLE 20. CLOTHING FOR WIFE OF LABORER (1921). San Francisco Los Angeles Sacramento Average Lioms Replace REE ment i i i Unit Yearl Unit | Yearl Unit | Yearly Unit | Yearly n Y | ‘Total price ey Total price cost Total price cost Toru price cost ° 1. Hats— . ; : 5 45 Summerd.c lol. old a a 1 $5 67 | $5 67 $5 00 | $5 00 $5 83 | $5 83 $550 | $55 Winer ER a 15 5 46 273 | $8 40 6 17 308| $8 08 833 416 | $9 99 6 65 3 32 $8 82 2. Dresses— 520 Cotton (work)... 000... 2 2 95 5 90 2 30 4 60 2 57 5 14 : 2 60 is Wool AE im a ni 2 in Ll 19 38 646 | 12 36 || 17 66 588 | 1048 3100| 1033 | 1547] 22 68 7 56 12 76 3. Suits— ] 265% se ng Wool... nol dll 23 17 7172 772 (| 3300 | 1100 ( 1100 a2 42 1081 | 10 SL 9 5 4. Coats— 5 Ww infer)... aia La adil 21 42 5 35 24 66 6 16 35 00 8 75 27 03 HE CLOG aa 1h 4 47 1 49 6 84 7 13 2 38 8 54 5 67 18 | 10 64 5 76 192 8 68 5. Waists— 6 3492 Coton. = lo, nl ne 2 147. : 2094 1 58 3 16 323 4 46 176 : a ii en i re a ee a 5 30 2 65 5 59 4 48 2:24 5 40 4 21 2 10 6 56 4 66 2 33 5 85 Gy SBlirtserwnsh. LL 0 Ll 247 82 82 2 65 88 88 4 75 1 58 158 3 29 110 110 7 A 2 140 | 280 128] 256 148( 206 139] 27s 2 Rr neater ann ud anys 3 55 165 4 45'|| 105 3 15 571 63 1 89 4 85 74 2 22 5 00 8. Bed par— ; : : : ry a a 1% 2 80 70 70 3.77 69 69 313 78 78 2 90 72 72 9. Petticoat— . > i 32 32 142 1 42 1 63 163 1 46 14 . Nene ne 1 : 52 2 13 3 45 1 50 1 50 2 92 1 33 1.23 2 96 1 65 1 65 311 10. Underwear—— ’ : 4 i a oh Combination or unions________ 3 1 00 3 00 1 08 3 24 1 45 4 35 1 4 3 ot Chemise (muslin) a 2 132 2 64 1 00 2 00 125 2 50 19 3 as Drawers (muslin) i 2 75 1 50 92 1 84 84 1 68 i i o Corset covers. __ : : 2 7 1 oi 22 1 5 4 1 as + 1 2 Jrassiere, a ean “ 8 2 4¢ ¢ 2 4¢ Se 2 4¢ 4 99 a oo i ig a Te 3 125 875 1472 1 33 3991 1540 149 d.47 | 17 07 1 36 4 08 15.75 $7029 16. 18. . “Corsets (standard make)... ....... 2. Stockings—ootton......_....._.....} . Gloves— Kidtbusiness) ~~ __.. ._....... Handkerchiefs—ecotton Be OWE a Sad Miscellaneous— Umbrellas Shoes— Hichehlaclo. oo iho House slippers. .... ... ..- 3 .u Rubbersi@torm)i-.. . ._- ~~ ____.. . Incidentals (hairpins, belts, pins, collars, shields, veils, laces, nets, repairs to Jewelry, delle Lid = Cn ls Upkeep— : ; Cleaning, pressing and remodeling __ _Shoes—half soles and heels_________ Exradheelss 2c ee Grand total... oo ocat 1 5 00 5 00 5 00 4 08 4 08 4 08 3 50 3 50 3 50 4 19 4 19 4 19 5 32 1 60 1 60 48 2 40 2 40 30 1 50 1 50 37 1 85 1 85 14 2 48 1 24 124 3 00 1 50 1 50 2 33 1 16 116 2 60 1 30 1 30 8 12 96 96 21 1 68 1 68 13 1 04 104 15 120 120 IY 2 67 67 2 17 54 194 48 2 26 56 lg 2 63 88 155 4 00 133 1 87 2 00 67 1:15 2 88 96 1 52 1% 7 25 10 87 817 12 25 6 46 9 69 7 29 10 93 1g 1 63 54 1-96 65 2 28 76 1 96 65 1g 115 57 11 98 114 57 13 47 114 57 11 02 114 57 12 15 naa paallio ghey 15 00 15 00.(|---i:ci.| 15 00 15:00 ql. i c= 15 00 15 00 |( -.c =c.1 15.00 15 00 RL Ee es 6 50 ana 6 50 Rane rod 6 50 ELST 6 50 1% 175 2 63 175 2 63 153 2 29 1 68 2 52 1 50 50 9 63 35 35 9 48 35 35 9 14 40 40 9 42 wan eS pe Se SEI 01 0 ro SIS SS ASI a CBTIS 26 TABLE 21. CLOTHING FOR BOY OF ELEVEN, SON OF LABORER (1921). San Francisco Los Angeles Sacramento Average Hem Po Unit Yearly Unit Yearly Unit Yearly Unit Yearly ; price cost Total price cost Total price cost Total price cost Total X. Hats=oap aed aia 1 $117 $117] sr az $150 | $1 50 $1 50 $100 | %1 00 su col $i 22 $1 22 $1 22 2. Suits— 00 he aout a 14 12 83 6 41 11 67 5 83 9 25 4 62 11 25 5 62 Trousers (corduroy). .......i-..... 1 192 1 92 2 50 2 50 1063 163 2 02 2 02 Overalls... Souniion iii 1 138 1 38 9 71 1 50 1 50 9 83 1 43 143 7 68 144 144 9 08 3. Overcoats— Machina. oo oo rie is 41 950 475 833/ 416 875] 437 880} 443 ie Bweateron or ll 350 175 6 50 6 50 3 25 741 3 98 199 6 36 4 66 2 33 6 76 4. Shirts— Cottonn.we clo rc coin 1 1 00 1 00 1 00 1 00 1 00 1 00 1 00 1 00 Blousesar. «sou us Juage io iin ind 4 1 06 4 24 5 24 90 3 60 4 60 93 372 4 72 96 3 84 4:84 5. Underwear— : Unions (summer)... dco iio. 2 99 1 98 83 1 66 83 1 66 88 176 OnionsGwinter). =. cooau oo acano, 140 «125 1 87 1 42 2(13 113 1 69 127 1 90 So Nightshirts Joie. 0. suluus.ae 2 107 2 14 5 99 92 1 84 5 63 1 00 2 00 5 35 1 00 2 00 5 66 6. Stockings— Cotton (fasteolor)....o.. oo 0.iod 6 35 2 10 2 10 28 1 68 1 68 34 2 04 2 04 32 192 192 7. Shoes— Ie as 4 450] 18 00 467 | 18 68 280 | 1120 399 | 15 96 a Rubbers. cio. ia 1 1.25 62: 18 62 1 00 50 | 19 18 125 62 11 82 1.17 58 16 54 8. Handkerchiefs— oftonculie. LL. LoL LLL 6 09 54 54 15 90 90 13 78 78 12 72 72 9. Miscellaneous— Collars. _ _ i. : 2 20) 40 18 36 20 40 ( 19 38 Ties. 9 40 80 45 90 45 a0 43 0) Garters or supporters 2 33 66 33 66 35 1-10 40 80 4 Belts 5 10 20) 2 06 55 27 2 19 50 25 2 65 42 21 2.25 = 1 00 1 00 1 00 HO dneidentals. - ov Lo. allot aa es Ca. 1 00 1 00 | BT 1 00 1500 Jl 20 1004 1 00 |. oe. 11. Upkeep— 3 i 3 ? : Shoes (half soles and heels) -________ 4 175 7 00 7 00 1 50 6 00 6 00 1:25 5 00 5 00 1:50 6 00 6 00 Borel lca | al a | $59 93 aie | $50 92 | Es |r $48 40 | a a $55 99 TABLE 22. CLOTHING FOR GIRL, AGED FIVE (5), DAUGHTER OF LABORER (1921). San Francisco Los Angeles \ Sacramento Average Tims Replace- ment Tad Tos r ; > 5 Unit Yearly Togs Unit Yearly | my, Unit Yearly N Unit Yearly price cost Total price cost Total price cost Total price cost Total 1. Hats— Bummer... Co. ll Lal $2 50 $1 25 $2 50 $1 25 $1 98 $0 99 $2 33 $1 16 Winter. nan 5 3 43 171 2 49 1 24 3 13 1 56 3 02 151 AD a la 1 1 65 82 $3 78 75 37 $2 86 123 61 $3 16 121 60 $3 27 2. Dresses— Cotton, gingham... ......... 3 128 3 84 192 576 1 31 3 93 1 50 4 50 usin. aaa 1 3.07 3 07 2 93 2 93 1 63 1 63 2 54 2 54 Wool... eae 15 5 92 2 96 7 25 3 62 5 63 2 81 6 27 SS Aprons, coveralls... ....... 1 1:17 1:17 11 04 1 00 1.00 13:31 1 32 1.32 9 69 1 16 116 11 33 3. Coats— Wool... 14] 8 80 2 93 7 45 2 48 7 67 2 56 7 97 2 66 Swenter. o_o Laas 4 4 95 2 47 5 40 4 10 2 05 4 53 3 97 1 98 4 54 1 34 2.17 4 83 4. Underwear— Shirts, knit, medium--..-- on... 3 67 2 01 49 1 47 59 X 77 58 1 74 Drawers, knit, medium... ........ 3 67 2 01 50 1 50 64 1 92 60 1 80 Wndsts. aa 2 58 116 50 1 00 60 1 20 56 112 Drawers, musin..__........... .. 3 58 1 74 46 1 38 46 1 38 50 1 50 ; Unions, or equivalent (winter) ______ 1% 3 00 4 50 11 42 2 25 3 37 8 72 2 10 3 05 9 32 2 45 3 67 9 83 5. Night dresses, outing... ........_.... 3 1:22 3 66 3 66 1 08 3 24 3 24 81 2 43 2 43 1 04 3 12 3 12 6. Petticoats— Muslin... oo 1 128 28 08 98 76 76 1 01 1:01 Outing... oi aaa 214 1 03 2:57 3 85 75 187 2 85 75 1 87 263 84 2 10 3 11 7. Shoes— High 3 3 90 11 70 2 82 8 46 3 20 9 60 3 31 9 93 BOW. a, 1 3 00 3 00 2 64 2 64 299 2 99 2 88 2 88 Rubbers 2... 0. rs 1 103 1 03 15:73 85 85 11 95 84 84 13 43 01 91 13 72 8. Stockings-—cotton... Lluis 8 40 3 20 3 20 37 2 96 2 96 36 2 88 2 88 38 3 04 3 04 9. Miscellaneous— 50 2 10 1 00 1 50 Garters and supporters____ _____.____ 2 Handkerchiefs. ~~ coo . ___c...._.. 6 Hairbows, 4 BOWS. ~~ = onan om wumi=> 6 yds. Sashes, Isash. - ff: oC. .co 2 yds. 10. Incidentals_..___. Een ee Eee 11. Upkeep— Shoes, half soles and heels__________ 1 Granditotaliic lo. soso a [ll > fk IND) ~ — — TABLE 23. CLOTHING FOR BOY AGED TWO—SON OF LABORER (1921). San Francisco Los Angeles Sacramento Average Tio rng 1 U 1 L 1 U Yearl Unit Yearly J nit Yearly be Jnit Yearly nit early price cost Total price cost Total price cost Total price cost Total 1. Hats— z Duthil Gh a ee 2 $1 00 $2 00 $0 50 $1 00 $1 15 $2 30 $0 88 $1 76 Cap. aL SL Si ba a 1 1 50 1 50 $3 50 1 25 125 $2 25 1 30 1 30 $3 60 $1 35 $1 35 $3 11 2. Dresses— Rompers... ou. Lt al a 5 1 40 4 20 1 08 324 33 2 49 110 3 30 Coveralls. 0 0. illu io sae 2 117 2 34 6 54 1 00 2 00 5 24 59 118 3 67 92 1 84 514 3. Overcoats—sweater.......__._.......... 2 2 83 5 66 5 66 3 37 6 74 6 74 3 54 7 08 7 08 3 24 6 48 6 48 4. (a) Underwear— (summer) — Shirts (lenity. 0 oe... 3 63 189 65 1 95 43 129 57 1:71 Drawers (enit). ooo lL Loi 3 63 1 89 65 1:95 48 1 44 58 174 SES aa 2 50 1 00 50 1 00 55 1 10 52 1 04 (b) Underwear— (winter)— 5 Shirtsitmixed). . _o.. .... iia. 1 125 1:25 95 95 95 95 1 05 1 05 Drawers (mixed) 1 125 1:25 7:28 95 95 6 80 1 38 1 38 6 06 119 119 | 6 73 5. Night clothes— 3 5 Outing. 0 iui ea a as 3 137 4 11 4 11 113 3 39 3 39 1 06 3 18 3 18 119 3 57 3 57 6. Shoes— High. ooo iii ides 2 3 50 7 00 2 83 5 66 9 13 4 26 28 ( 564 DoW sane 2 3 00 6 00 13 00 2 83 5 66 11 32 2 13 4 26 8 52 2 65 5 30 10 94 7. Stockings or socks (cotton). _.._....-- 8 35 2 80 2 80 33 2 64 2 64 33 2 64 2 64 34 272 272 8. Miscellaneous— : arLerS. aula 2 25 50 25 50 28 56 26 52 Mittens... o.oo ou vo ii nal 1 68 68 118 60 60 110 53 53 1 09 60 60 1.12 0, Sundries.u.o ones indiliii iii anal Sama an aie 1 00 1:00 0 Cn 1 00 1.00.00... 1 00 1200 Va 1 00 1 00 Granditotal. cocoa. ciaaiaicilden neal calle a $45 07 Nova oh ane SA0EAS 0 LL $36 84 LL a $40 81 TABLE 24. HOUSE OPERATION-—-LABORER (1921). San Francisco, | Los Angeles, Sacramento, Average, per year per year per year per year 1. Fueliand heat (coal, wood; kerosene, gas, electricity, ete.) o.oo 0 lo. $92 00 $57 50 $80 38 $76 63 9. Telephionesandi telearaph. J. i Ll So mooi 27 00 24 00 31 32° 27 44 Se Aa tl er de seh a 30 00 16 56 15 52 dg. ehtelentrloily) a a tad 24 00 18 00 20 40 20 80 5.2 Stationery andipostames a en NL me a Bead 270 270 2 70 2 70 6. Ciarbare'removalilonce weekly) o.oo in a LN do gals $00: 0% 6 00 4 00 7. Renovations or replacements— Furniture (1% of tobalstoek) do. oo. aoa el 34 98. 33 53 31 73 33 41 Table linen, bedding, towels (79% of total stock) _ ~—8705 8 05 8 05 8 05 Monae. mer 5 90 5 90 5 90 5 90 Pableware. silverseton. ou ol 0 I Re aE Ll ann es 6 16 6 16 6 16 6 16 8. Cleaning supplies, general, soap, borax, ammonia, insect powder... o_o iio. 10 80 10 80 10 80 10 80 eT Aundry SEWER: wr ae em aR 34 20 * 2.34 20 34 20 34 20 10. Personal cleaning supplies— Gt brRNeE ra 1.75 1.75 175 175 Combs and brughes (14 5et Per Year). ro semen em TE LE Cn ala 3 00 3 00 3 00 3 00 Shoe polish andi brush (box per mo. L brush)... J LoL. dS de aa 170 170 1 70 1 70 Listerine and drugs for hygienic purposes: oo. Ll oo i loo. 5 40 5 40 5 40 5 40 Tolletiand bath. Soap. o.oo oi ey nA ean pre ET Reg 5 40 5 40 5 40 5 40 Bathroomuanditollet supplies... mia al 2 70 270 270 2 70 11. Rent (house, 5 rooms and bath, including water)... ooo. oo Ci. 452 40 480 00 402 00 444 80 Potaliperayear-. a Le $724 14 $730 79 $676 15 $710 36 TABLE 25. FURNITURE—LABORER (1921). House StaNpARD—Size of house, 5 rooms—3 bedrooms, 1 kitchen and dining room, 1 living room, 1 bathroom. San Francisco Los Angeles Sacramento I Average 4 =) Article Description Ie Unit Unit Unit Unit price Total price Total price Total price Total 1. Tables— Dining voomiday sid] Boe BIL Lian rane Oaks lier inns 1 $26 67 | $26 67 || $28 25 | $28 25 || $20 68 | $20 68 || $25 20 $25 20 Livingireompiedo ir. LC Ab Lidia L La main aie 1 2583 | 2583 2083 | 2083 1975] 19 75 | 22 14 22 14 Kitehendpladw ou ooo ir oases ae ca Cain 1 533 5 33 3.17 317 5 68 5 68 4 73 473 2. Chairs— Dining room 0. te at a 6 550 | 3300 4.87 29.22 375. 2250 4 70 28 20 Bedroom, rocking. oo. iid Te 1 8 33 8 33 575 575 7 95 7 95 7 34 7 34 Straight ols Toni, Souls sunt ammonia anos ja 5 7 00 35 00 5 42 27 10 6 00 30 00 6 14 30 70 Living-room—rocking 1 16 08 16 08 15 00 15 00 10 68 10 68 13 92 13 92 Straight 3 15 67 47 01 15 00 45 00 11 25 33.75 13 97 41 91 Kitchen 1 2 25 2 25 175 175 195 195 198 1 98 Highchair 1 6 25 6 25 4 82 4 82 5 38 5 38 5 48 5 48 3. Rugs— Yivingroom, Bx 9... lL noo n Tapestry... .... 1 21 67 91-67 19 00 19 00 23 50 23 50 21 39 21 39 Bed room, 6 x 2 Sr Biberss lo coos 1 10 50 10 50 10 50 10 50 12 50 12 50 11 16 11°16 Bageng, rm 0 i ila Na Rel 2 11:75 23 50 10 00 20 00 10 00 20 00 10 58 21 16 Linoleum, bath a kitehen cfc opie La an 20 yds. 133] 26 60 125i 2500 113 |" 22:60 124 24 80 dh SewiliemWeliine fo Soins un hoe a Da ln 1 70 00 70 00 70 00 70 00 45 00 45 00 61 67 61 67 5. Miscellaneous— Settee. o.oo asl i 35 00 35 00 44 17 44 17 33 75 33 75 37 64 37 64 Bureaus 3 28 35 85 05 32 83 98 49 35 00 | 105 00 32 06 96 18 oar aaa TT 1 15 00 15 00 14°75 14 75 11 88 11 88 13 87 13 87 6. Beds— 1 13 83 13 83 14 00 14 00 13 00 13 00 13.61 13 61 2 13 33 | 26 66 14 00 | 28 00 10. 50: | 21 00 12 61 25.22 1 11 83 11 83 14 00 14 00 11 25 11. 25 12 36 12 36 Spring, doubles. oT Nr ye oman 1 8 83 8 83 8 92 8 02 7 88 7 88 8 54 8 Hd Singlasic o_o : et 2 i a Gg 2 8 00 1600 8-02 17 84 7o18 14 26 8 02 16 04 Bed furnishings— Mattress, double... oo ot a Lal ad 1 13:17 13 17 12:17 | 12:17 9 50 9 50 11 61 11 61 Bingen. oC a aad a i] 2 12 17 24 34 11 67 23 34 775 15 50 10 53 21 06 WB ERE I ER LE ee 1 6 67 6 67 4 58 4 58 6 25 6 25 5 83 5 83 Pillows, regular pair. 6 G17 3702 317. (| 19:02 350] 2100 4 28 25 68 OI ee em ah na Le 2 175 3 50 1 87 3 74 1 80 3 60 1 80 3 60 8: Refrieerafort . Coats ocd ia a ll ee i 21 25 21 25 18 00 18 00 25 25 25 25 21 50 21 50 9. Stoves (cook) — Gas (bwoburner plate). ooo oo. oo Foo Dal oo nl 1 8 00 8 00 6 17 6 17 8 50 8 50 v7 56 7:56 Reitman Tog Sa sin SR i Ra ER lB Cle aE 1 44 67 44 67 30 00 30 00 58 75 58 75 44 47 44 47 Heating, stove air-tight). soloor oon a a 1 5 00 5 00 3 08 3 08 3 88 3 88 3 99 3 99 10. Carpet sweaper eo. 00 one TEs a a a 1 517 5 17 5 08 5 50 5 50 5 25 5°25 honograph.tic = coun 008 a eh benes har doad 1 70 00 70 00 60 00 60 00 50 00 50 00 60 00 60 00 Phenogmaplvrecordss. -_ 0 vec ioa ol an a al er 45000 45.00 [1c rr 45.00... 45 00 Chang de sole Fee Pe ll 22.00. 22.50 | =o 22:50. ao 22 50 Grandtolall soaps cn. UL oll SS Ne IE spo sill smell $775 17 LE $823 30 odd oo TABLE 26. MISCELLANEOUS—LABORER (1921). Items Per year Total 1. Social entertainment— ; GQuestsathome 0... = __o 0 ote $27 00 $27 00 2. Amusements— Poys, ete. forchildren, incidental... 0 0 995 Athletics or sports, theater (movies, amateur entertainments, ete) smCONGeEEE oo inns Na ane ESR 45 60 Bebnton ry ma 10 80 58 65 3. Club dues or organizations— Husbandomd wile... 0 0n 00 weno arn al 12 00 12 00 4. School for children— School books orspecinllessons. = 0 = gee fle momma selon wl 5. Daily papers— (a) Books, special literature; (b) periodicals __._______________ 12 00 12 00 6. Church— ayriCharity. So coh coon Late 18 00 18 00 7. Gifts— Christmas, weddings, birthdays and sick friends, ete._________ 22 50 92 50 8. Medical care— = Doctor, dentist, nursing, drugs (on prescription) ____________ 75 00 75 00 9. Shaving upkeep— Barbepsservices. ©. oo cnn ae 2 50 Husbandlsthalw:o ad. o.oo on 0 00 6 00 Children'shaireuts 12 at Went. ~~~ 4 80 13 30 10 ¥aeation" 0. oC ar 22 50 22 50 1. Carfare; 900ridesatSeents. ....... 0 no 45 00 45 00 12. Insurance premium— Life on $2,500 at $26 straight life 65 00 Porniture fire $1.00006 86. =... .._.. = o.oo 6 00 71 00 Giandadotales. Ls lieuinl ns ee a ea ba eB $376 95 TABLE 27. ESTIMATE FOR 1921. CLERK. Man, wife and three children. ieee al dass Se a $798 00 2. Clothing— Husband. 0 = oc Ne nl $173 89 Wife oo es a Ee a 260 98 Boy, il years... ... Se eda 101 61 Girl Swearsa Lo iti ak a Seng Re 104 96 Boy, 2Vvears coil un anl. So a oe a Ek 76-21 en 717 65 3. House operation— Puel, heapignd lochtex i: or 0 chug won and Deo a BEd $102 73 Replacements urniture, eteY. Lo Lf "0 pli wo Eo 121 99 Otheritems.s C. 0 dL. Sal ae Ee 242 89 Rent o.oo ooiilodendsl cia ona dancin Ee 660 00 1,127 61 d- Miscellaneous. - coos iin Lo nr LD Gen do Sie Lae Cia EB 505 75 Total forman, wifeand threechildren’ =. fru oo nde aie too me a 8 $3,149 01 Dednetifor management, 865... 7 0 ha ipo mos Re Tl 157 45 otal. cr i ea a SL aE ET $2,991 56 TABLE 28. ESTIMATE FOR 1921. CLERK. Man, wife and two children. Y. Food... oo. ener aan a ee a $686 48 2. Clothing— Sushand. LC. or ill SET ST a aa ian $173 89 Wile i aa 260 98 Child deteny oo. ae se i 94 26 Child or oa 94 26 —_— 623 39 . House operation— Tema ldl=lAt a al $358 76 w Item 12—Rent? 560 00 ] ———— 918 76 dcMiscellomeous?. vo..oo can nl a Re a 491 52 Total for man, wifeand two children... 0 one boa on cd oat $2,720 15 Deduct formanagement, 5%... cil 136 00 Bota). nian naan ag $2,584 15 tems 1-11— Item 10—add $32.40 for second child. Item 11—add $2.50. 2Item 12—add $60 to total for man, wife and one child. #Miscellaneous—add 49% for second child to total for man, wife and one child. TABLE 20. ESTIMATE FOR 1921. CLERK. Man, wife and one child. Gla Pood Ll lo li LR read Sang alle RE hn i $582 60 2. Clothing— : Husbhandion Ja 20 00 ol en ee nL a ee a $173 89 Wifesir umn. La ee nr Te RE 260 98 CRG: Jot co i ea rh 94 26 = 529 13 3. House operation— ema -L2. de lid I rR Ne ER ar eR $323 86 ) Rent Ce ey 500 Of —_— 823 86 i LR ls Soh A i Se $472 62 Total for man, wileand one child... oo 0 fc rr orn nea ih $2,408 21 Deduct-for management, 39... oo ee a 120 41 otal: as ae Le ae ne Cs $2,287 80 Clothing for child one-third of total. 2Items 1-11 add 59% for one child; 12 add $5 per menth to $440. 3Miscellaneous—add 59% for one child. Note.—More than half of the state employees, married and unmarried, have two dependents or less. For the married employees this table represents the family nearest to type. — al TABLE 30. ESTIMATE FOR 1921. CLERK. > Man and wife. ood: on tor lel RTT nh RIA nd hn SH SOE Si Sn lL dad $478 80 Clothing— Mushandics cuo on fo tn Ln a $173 89 We ae a ee aie eRee Eee 260 98 nnn 434 87 House operationl— I=. TdelL, light, heat;iele. 2. oo 00. oe dain ile 102 73 Rene. TE 121 99 GiCleaninosupplies.- oh asda ane 7 20 80 Vaundry - -~ © La eLak 64 80 fi. Personaleleaming 0. oo oases mei nana adi en yen 11-54 BO Bent. Tt du Na i aa 440 00 BE 748 26 Miscellaneous? = = 0 woos ae ness sis sas ade de ae LR Be Gd SE 450 12 Metal rs es tne NR Ei i a $2,111 96 Deductior management; 8%... nieve oni cinta 105 60 otal rl rattan aaa a RE $2,006 36 ISee Table No. 38. 2Jtems 1-8 remain unchanged. Item 9 reduced 33 1-39. Item 10 reduced 509%. Item 11 reduced 33 1-39%. Item 12 reduced 33 1-3%,. 3Miscellaneous reduced 119, as in Laborer. TABLE 31. SUMMARY OF ESTIMATE FOR CLERK (1920). Man, wife and three children. Baad. a isda ela RE a SE $970 00 Clothing— Hushandee oo LL or oe a eee en $202 16 Wife ec 316 47 Bovyldyears. 0... . 0 cues ahd seeds on Lan 114 08 i eas. es re a ee a Se RR ST 122 55 Boy, a2 years. 18 mi 0 ala a eee cae 84 70 839 96 . House operation— Fuel heatand lights. oo. co. hes ene an tia iac in $119 11 Tepicarhenis urnitare, ete) or we ase a 143 64 Ren Ree ere Ee 620 00 Othe ems eae Ee ir TTA 266 49 — 1,154 24 NN scellanels rE ee a CC ms 521 10 Cranddotali coo coin diane ne Su aE A I se ae $3,485 30 Deduct 3%, for management. =. oot toil Los olen aae ol ae 174 27 aba) he A a eee te SL $3,311 03 apa TABLE 32. FOOD AND COST FOR ONE MONTH FOR CLERK. FAMILY OF FIVE November, 1921. bie Pounds Cost Class I— Meatandfish - 0. =. o.. ... . 0. 6 0% Sn 27.0 42.0 $11 34 Milk... Ge. ma Ln 6.0 158.0 9 48 Begs. CL TE Ta ont 44 5 12.5 5 56 Beans... ro ee se a Se 8.2 4.0 33 Class IT— Mower. tba ind oh. Send. SSO Io 4.9 55.0 270 @Othereereals: oo ni De onl Te tn Sl MRE 10.0 30.0 3 00 Class I1I— Vegetables, ..... culo... ciel goa bo 9a. 0308 6.0 90.0 5 40 1 pee Ges A EE er ie , 8.0 50.0 4 00 Class IV— Butter oo Un a en a 58.0 10.0 5 80 Ollsland fat8.. rise. ns nna enn BB eR LER 26.0 6.0 1 56 Class V— SUgAE. ere ee 6.8 20_0 1 36 Extras— Coffee ten, ete... aun... oudin. oo 0 iso dh a 42.5 4.0 170 Sundries. br. eee idee ee re San see adel 14 25 rs I $66 48 COoBt Per ARMM. . ia anna s naa a a a ie 797 76 TABLE 33. CLOTHING FOR HUSBAND CLERK (MARRIED) (1921). San Francisco Los Angeles Sacramento Average Tims Be 1 Yearl U Yearl Unit Yearly Unit Yearly | ~ Unit early nit early price cost Total price cost Total price cost Total price cost Total 1. Hats— | Bell wh aan 1 $5 33 $5 33 $4 43 $4 43 $6 00 $6 00 $5 25 $5 25 Straw. oe Lo Lr ne 1g 3 67 1 83 3 00 1:50 3 25 1 62 3 31 1 65 aD a dae as Lg 2 88 96 $8 12 2 50 83 $6 76 2 00 67 $8 29 2 46 82 $7 72 2. Suits— : Wool, winter... i oie aaa iaD 1511. 41 67 20 83 35 00 17 50 45 00 22 50 40 56 20 28 Wool, summer... o-oo ot eas 15/1. 38 33 19 16 39 99 35 00 17 50 35 00 | 21 00 10 50 | 33 00 || 31 44 15 72 36 00 3. Extra trousers— 00) Li le ae 4 8 67 4 33 7 83 3 91 8 00 4 00 8 17 4 08 Tennis Loc ooo a oiled YU 8 00 2 00 6 33 8 00 2 00 5 91 8 00 2 00 6 00 8 00 2 00 6 08 4. Overcoats— ; General wear. .. an. laa [ll 41 67 | 10 42 41 67 | 10 42 47:50 (11:87 43 61 | 10 90 a Sweater... ul ee Yu 5 83 1 46 11 88 9 58 2 39 12 81 6 75 1 69 13 56 7 39 1 85 12 75 5. Shirts— : Gotaon, (madras)oe ooo 5 2 38 11 90 4 15 85 283 14 15 279 13 95 % Flannel. ooo caviato e in nl 4] 4 00 133 | 13 23 6 67 92:22 || 18.07 4 83 161 15 76 5117 1172 15 67 6. Underwear (union suits or equivalent)— : Cotton (summer) 2 213 4 26 2 50 5 00 2 00 4 00 2 21 4 42 Mixed (winter) ______ 2 3 88 7 76 1 33 8 66 350 7 00 3 90 7 80 : Nightshivts.....__.._ "1 "0" 2 192 384 1586 2 17 434 ( 18 00 133 3.66 | 14 66 197 3 94 16 16 7. Shoes— : High i ro te 2 i ek lb 2 1 8 62 8 62 7:50 7 50 9.17 9 17 8 43 8 43 En mi i a Rt ai we we pm 1 8 38 8 38 7 50 7 50 8 42 8 42 8 10 8 10 forhors on hn a we ne we 14 1 62 81 17 81 142 71 1571 1 50 75 18 34 1 51 75 17 28 8. Miscellaneous— Bathrobe _ A il . 1-8 6 13 71 7 50 94 8 00 1 00 7 21 90 Socks (cotton) _ Reda 8 35 2 80 50 4 00 33 2 64 39 3.12 Gloves (business)... oh : al «2:95 1 37 2 50 1 25 3 00 1 50 2:75 37 Ties... 3 it 6:4 94 5H 64 1 00 6 00 117 7702 1 04 6 24 Suspenders. _..-L CC leniioo Handkerchiefs: _..-...-..-.._lc. Umbrella (eotton). 2 a. Pressing suits. . vi nal it an Blocking hat... ic. oa. Laundry (personal)... lo... Half solesand heels... .._.... Granditotal. oo cee 2 50 1°00 40 80 35 70 42 84 13 94 31 1 50 50 1 33 44 1 26 42 1 81 81 95 95 83 83 86 86 10 22 2 20 28 2 80 21 2 10 24 2 40 13 2 5 83 15 73 3 00 1 00 18 24 3 50 17 17 40 3 00 1 00 17 15 12 20 2 40 ! 25 3 00 19 2 28 21 2 52 4 28 112 3 52 25 1 00 4 00 25 1 00 3 28 26 1 04 56 Lavoie 8 00 8 00 ood 8 00 8:00 i: 2 8 00 S00 oa 2 8 00 8 00 3 1 81 5 43 1 50 4 50 1 69 5 07 167 5 01 12 1 00 12 00 50 6 00 1 00 12 00 83 10 00 1 113 1.13 125 125 167 167 35 35 52 wks 25 13 00 25 13 00 25 13 00 25 13 00 2 25 4 50 36 06 2 00 4 00 28 75 2 00 4 00 35 74 2 08 4 16 33 52 EeaabfES e $176-53ull. 0 won SIT ci {SILO 8173 80 TABLE 34. CLOTHING FOR WIFE OF CLERK (1921). San Francisco Los Angeles Sacramento Average Tims Hones U Yearl 1 U 1 Unit | Yearl . Init, carly Tate Unit Yearly n nit Yearly ee Ini carly Tod, price cost, (Total price cost Total price cost Total price cost Total 1. Hats— AMIMer. Co. Le ae 1 $7 48 $7 48 $6 00 $6 00 $11 25 | $11 25 $8 24 $S 24 Winter. ou. ones des 14 7 50 3.75 | $1123 8 33 4 16 | $10 16 13 33 6 66 | $17 91 972 4 86 $13 10 2. Dresses— : Cotton (work)... J. 00 al. 3 3 98 11 94 3 85 11 35 3 83 11 49 3 89 11 67 Cottonilstreety . _ . ..... . .. . .... 2 7 30 14 60 7 25 14 50 8 63 17 26 7:73 15 46 Wool (Straet). cue ios ianasn inns Yl 23 16 11 58 30 00 15 00 31 92 15 96 28 36 14 18 Sillsilafternoon) oo. ie iii. 1 27 66 27 66 65 78 35 00 35 00 76 05 37 83 37 83 82 54 33 50 33 50 74 81 Sv Switsi(wonlydo nL Ll 40 50 13 50 13 50 43 00 14 33 14 33 53 33 17 78 17 78 45 61 15 20 15 20 4. Coats— Wool (winter)... ac... . 0... ues Lill 34 75 11 58 41 33 18.78 49 92 16 64 42 00 14 00 Sport or sweater_ _ _ _ _ SERS AR 15 6 67 3.83 14 91 10 15 5 07 18 85 8 57 4 28 20 92 8 46 '4 23 18 23 5. Waists— Cotton... oC .. .d 3 28 | 840 198 | 594 382 11406 tomy mia) OR day 1 6 97 6 97 15 37 8 83 8 83 14 77 5 73 5.73 17 19 718 7:18 15 79 6. Skirts— Vash and 15 3 47 1.73 3 82 1 91 5:75 287 4 35 2417 Woolorsport.... lo ui li io 0.01 14 7 75 3 87 5 60 9 25 4 62 6 53 11 “50 575 8 62 9 50 4.75 6 92 7. Aprons— : Bunatlow or. uu inna a aed 1 213 2 13 1 97 197 2 45 2 45 218 2'18 Ritehen, oo: Goo oo oa 1 75 75 2 88 1 48 1 48 3 45 75 75 3 20 99 99 317 8. Bedroom wear— ISIMOnR, Crepe... oo ummm am 1-5 328 66 4 32 86 415 83 3 92 78 Kimonn,sill....oo io... WI 8 18 1 02 7 75 97 10 67 1 33 8 87 11 Bathrobe... Coo. oo i nd 19 5 47 68 2 36 8 98 1:12 2 95 4 66 58 274 6 57 81 270 9. Petticoats— . Muslin 1 212 212 1 67 1 67 2 47 2 47 2 09 2 09 1 1 30 1 30 1 50 1 50 125 125 1 35 135 4 4 30 3 22 6 64 4 30 3 22 6 39 3 99 299 6 71 4 2( 3 15 6 59 10. Underwear— : : Combination or equivalent_._______ 3 2 47 7 41 148 4 44 212 6 36 202 6 06 Chemise (muslin)... co... __. 3 1 65 4 95 117 3 51 1 50 4 50 144 4 32 Drawers. 1... eine 3 117 3 51 1:17 3 51 1 34 4 02 123 3 69 Corset.coversimuslin). .....__._ __.. 2 1 08 216 117 2 34 1 38 276 1-21 2 42 Brasgleres 0. oon Delt D 1 1 33 1 33 1.25 125 1 46 1 46 135 1:35 Nightdresses. 000. 0 2 198 3.96 23 32 1 58 3 16 18 21 2 33 4 66 23 76 193 3 86 21 70 11 Corsets _ > _.._ _.._.- Sa le 1% 6 50 9 75 9 75 4 05 6 07 6 07 5 67 8 50 8 50 5 41 8 11 8 11 12. Shoes— High, white... -... . . 0 0." 13 7 98 3 99 6 96 3 48 5 95 2 97 6 96 3 48 Heh, black... J ooo... 1 9 00 9 00 9 50 9 50 8 50 8 50 9 00 9 00 Tow, white... dn. cia isl 15 5 25 2 62 5 65 2 82 6 06 3 03 5 65 2 82 Yowiblack ._ .. Cal co onl =¥% 1g 6 25 3 12 6 69 3 34 7 14 3 57 6 69 3'34 Pumps... ani Lg 7 13 2 38 7 30 2 43 7 48 2 49 7 30 2 43 House slippers... .--co-c-cnin. Lg 2 50 125 2 97 148 3 44 172 2 97 1 48 Rubbers, shorm.. oi. ana 1g 115 57 22 93 1 14 57 23 62 114 57 22 85 114 57 23 12 13. Stockings— - Coton: ooo oe oa 3 60 1 80 63 1 89 50 1 50 58 174 Bigle odo aos 3 83 2.49 | 83 2 49 73 219 80 2 40 SHE So al 2 145 2 90 7 19 1 50 3 00 7 38 143 2 86 6 55 1 46 2 92 7 06 14. Gloves— & Sle aa 15 117 58 117 58 117 58 117 58 Kid, business... ._ i. i... 5 2 67 1.833 3 50 175 5 3 00 1 50 3 06 1 53 Rdiadress. 2 ooo oo lon be] 3 50 75 3 66 4 25 212 4 45 3 87 193 4 01 3 87 193 4 04 15. Handkerchiefs, cotten......._.._...... 12 21 2 52 2 52 26 3 12 3 12 23 2 76 2 76 23 2 76 2 76 16. Miscellaneous— Umbrella... oo... oi) 19 4 32 2 16 3 38 1 69 4 33 2 16 4 01 2 00 Bas Lae a 3 97 198 4 14 6 25 312 4 81 3 95 1.97 4 13 4 72 2 36 4 36 17. Upkeep— Cleaning, pressing... 2... coi ar i iad on 10:00 Nad ae 10:00 Ta el. RO0@ co EE 10 00 Haliscles, heels... _... _. 14% 175 2 62 1.75 2 62 1:53 2 29 1 68 2 52 Bxtraheels. oo 2 50 1 00 13 62 35 70 13 32 35 70 12 99 40 80 1332 18. Incidentals— Belts, hairpins, shields, collars, cuffs, veils, laces, hairnets, repairs to . Jewelry, eb. 0 ey al 20 00 20000... 20 00 200000... 20 00 20 00:0 « ~_. _- 20 00 20 00 Grand total oo oon al eae SME 40° Le Sona ll as $233. 16 4 fo ns $260 98 i a vi et \ TABLE 35. CLOTHING FOR BOY OF ELEVEN—SON OF A CLERK (1921). San Francisco Los Angeles Sacramento Average dims Rr Unit Year] U Yearl U Yearl Unit Yearl i; nit, carly ey nit early Tote nit, [early A ni carly price cost Total price cost Total price cost Total price cost Total 1. Hats— inter... a ea 1 $2 15 $2 15 $2 17 $2 17 $1 83 $1 83 $2 05 $2 05 CD ei ibis ad Ne a a 1 1 50 1 50 $3 65 2 00 2 00 $4 17 2 00 2 00 $3 83 183 183 $3 88 2. Suits— ’ Woolas eds i 15 00 15 00 14 50 14 50 13 50 13’ 50 14 33 14 33 Iixtra trcusers (corduroy). _ _ 2 382-6 64 3 58 7 16 3 08 6 16 3 33 6 66 Overadlse ol 1 1 50 1 50 23 14 1 58 1 58 23 24 1 48 1 43 21 09 1 50 1 50 22 49. 3. Overeoats—- FSi : XVool. oo Yl 15 50 N7.75 15 00 7 50 12 63 6 31 14 38 7 19 Sweater... La i 5 00 50 12 75 8 17 8 17 15 67 5 75 575 12 06 6 31 6 31 13 50 4. Shirts— Cotton. vo 3 14 4 44 1.50 4 50 1 50 4 50 1 49 4 47 Blouses. ro... oy ed Se 5 1 55 7 75 12 19 145 7.95 11 75 1 58 7 90 12 40 1 53 7 65 12 5. Underwear — > Unions (summer)... ..............-. 3 123 3 69 117 3 51 113 3 39 1.18 3 54 Unions (winter)... coc ouaan olan 2 174 3 48 217 4 34 175 3 50 1 89 378 Nightshiets Ll i... 2 138 2 76 9 93 133 2 66 10 51 125 2 50 9 39 132 2 64 9 96 6. Stockinga- - : y Cottonk.. aa Ge 12 49 5 88 5 88 50 6 00 6 00 50 6 00 6 00 50 6 00 6 00 7. Shoes— High oR aan 4 5 50 22 00 5 67 22 68 4 00 16 00 5 06 20 24 Rubbers... lia atid nn we ee i LZ] H 62 22 62 1:12 H6 23 24 1:25 62 16 62. 1:21 60 20 84 8. Handkerchiefs— : CO OT ee ee vimana mares mam iws 6 13 78 78 22 1.32 1.32 20 120 120 18 1 08 1 08 9. Miscellaneous— Collars 4 20 80 23 92 20 80 21 84 JO cans 3 69 2 07 67 2 01 75 2 25 70 210 Garters or supporte 2 39 78 45 90 55 110 46 92 Belts... hm a wi B21 6:3 31 3 96 75 39 4 20 1 00 50 4 65 97 38 4 24 12, 1 50 1 50 10.8 Inecidentalsc aio Lot a 1 50 1-800... 1 50 180... 1 50 1504... 10 11. Upkeep— 5 i 2 5 : 3 Shoes (half soles and heels). ________ 4 1975 7 00 7 00 1 50 6 0D 6 00 1 25 5 00 5 00 1 50 6 00 6 00 @randitotal. xo vin Loco loc ot. ST $1037 40. Lo eto es $107 60 |. -o ghar cao unl $03 74: uo dnis row Des $101 61 TABLE 36. CLOTHING FOR GIRL OF FIVE—DAUGHTER OF A CLERK (1921). San Francisco Los Angeles Sacramento Average Toms Replace- ment Tri Td i 5 Unit Yearly Unit Yearly ; Unit Yearly Unit Yearly price cost Total price cost Total price + cost Total price cost Total 1- Hats— Summer mr mie a ee Re ie 1 $3 50 $3 50 $3 85 $3 85 $3 98 $3 08 $3 78 $3 78 Winter... ooo. 14 475 2:37 3 74 187 4 46 2 23 4 32 16 Cap lala 1 2 08 208 | $7 95 2 95 295] $867 1 87 187 | $808 2 30 2 30 $8 24 g. Dresses— . Cotton (gingham, ete.) o.oo... 6 2 40 14 40 2 60 15 60 2 27 13 62 2 42 14 52 Muslin... ooiaaaa hl 1 4 22 4.22 5 16 5 16 3 38 3 38 4 25 4 25 Wools. ll 14 7 83 3 91 9 25 4 62 7 13 3 56 8 07 4 03 Apronsior coveralls... 0. _. i 117 2 34 24 87 1 00 2 00 27 38 132 2 64 23 20 116 2 32 25 12 3. Coats— Wool am wm me ee 4 11 98 5 99 11 38 5 69 10 75 5 37 11 37 5 68 Sweater. o.oo 1 5 97 5 97 11 96 5 05 5 05 10 74 5 98 5 98 11 35 5 67 5 67 11 35 4. Underwear— Shirts (knit medium)... --.-...-... 4 85 3 40 49 1 96 80 3 20 71 2 84 Drawers (knit medium)... _.____.__. 4 85 3 40 50 2 00 77 3 08 71 2 84 nists. oo. ie or ri 3 71 2 13 50 1 50 65 195 62 1 86 Drawers fmasliny. o.oo. LoL. 3 108 3H 50 1:50 76 2 28 78 2 34 Unions or equivalent (winter)_______ 1% 3 50 5 25 17 42 125 1 87 8 83 252 378 14 29 2 42 3 63 13 51 5- Nightdresses— uslins em hh i 2 i em 2 1-73 3 46 1:31 2 62 1 05 2 10 1 36 272 Outing. o_o 2 1 38 2 76 6 22 131 2 62 5 24 113 2 26 4 36 1.27 2 54 5 26 g- Petticoats— NMushin......oc. o_o. 0 oo. 2 33 4 66 198 3 96 1 40 2 80 190 3 80 Outhng. omer. Li... 2 103 2 06 6 72 75 1 50 5 46 88 176 1 56 89 1.78 5 58 Pe Shoes— High... os 3 4 76 14 28 4 43 13 29 4 11 12 33 4 43 13 29 Low._ i a im i i mt 1 3* 38 3 38 3. 37 3 37 3 36 3 36 3.37 3 37 Sandals. _ emma 1 1 65 1 65 1 94 1 94 2 24 2 24 1 94 1 94 Rubbers emia SL 1 1 03 1 03 20 34 94 04 19 54 85 85 18 78 04 04 19 54 Stockings— SotbonC... .. a. a Li 6 H3 3 18 37 2 22 42 2 52 44 2 64 Lisle a 4 60° 2 40 5 58 50 2 00 4 22 52 08 1 60 54 2 16 4 80 9. Miscellaneous— i Garters or supporters. ___________. 2 28 56 26 52 33 66 29 58 Handkerchiefs (cotton) .____________ 8 14 1:2 15 120 16 128 15 1 90 . Ribbon (per yd.)— * Hairbows (1.5 yds)... o.oo. 6 yds. 50 3 00 50 3 00 72 4 32 57 3 42 Sashesor belts (2yvds.).........-. 2 yds. 1 90 3 80 8 48 65 1 30 6 02 175 3 50 9 76 143 2 86 8S 06 10. Incidentals: 2b to vow ou oe eal effec 2 00 2.000: mr 2 00 00H 2 00 200 bree 2 00 2 00 : 11. Upkeep— 2 . Shoestthali'soles) = -_ciova too 1 1875 175 175 1 50 1 50 1. 50 1 25 1.25 125 1 50 1 50 1 50 Grandtotal Cf Loa ole ee ea Snag 20 rot $9960 |... ch $102 33 J oo = ee I Ted $104 96 TABLE 37. CLOTHING FOR BOY OF TWO—SON OF A CLERK (1921). San Francisco Tos Angeles Sacramento Average Items Replanes y : Unit Yearly Unit Yearly | ~ Unit Yearly nit, Yearly n price cost Total price cost Total price cost Total price cost, Total 1. Hats— Puck... loa 2 $1 00 $2 00 $0 50 $1 00 $1 45 $2 90 $0 98 $1 96 ap aad 1 192 192 $3 92 1 50 1 50 $2 50 182 1 82 $4 72 175 175 $3 71 2. Dresses— : : Cotton suite... So. _- . i. 3 2 32 6 96 2 30 6 90 2 28 6 84 2 30 6 90 Rompers... can am as 3 192 5 76 145 4 35 2 18 6 54 1 85 5 55 CoverallsLle. loo. Cl ul iii iil 4 117 4 68 | 17 40 1 00 4 00: 15 25 116 464 | 18 02 111 4 44 16 89 3. Overcoats— 00S sant Sua a 1 9 48 9 48 393 8 33 6 50 6 50 8 10 8 10 Swenter. aaa ate. 2 4 17 8 34 17 82 3 68 7 36 15 69 4 48 8 96 15 46 4 11 8 22 16 32 4. Underwear— a. Summer— ! Shirts (knit)... onan 4 70 2 80 75 3 00 60 2 40 68 2 72 Drawers (knit). ............ 6 70 4 20 75 4 50 57 3 42 67 4 02 Waists. enna ai 3 70 2 10 50 1 50 68 2 04 63" 189 b. Winter— Shirts (mixed)... .......... 2 1 62 3 24 125 2 50 1 10 2 20 132 2 64 Drawers (mixed)... ....... 2 1 62 3 24 15 58 1 60 3 20 14 70 1 53 3 06 13 12 1 58 3 16 14 43 5. Night clothes— OWN nese eaaieinai ann 4 1 37 5 48 5 48 1 16 1 64 1 64 1 60 6 40 6 40 1 38 5 52 5 52 6. Shoes— High... ov. aad 2 375 7 50 3 46 6 92 271 5 42 3 31 6 62 = TOW ies die Sd ne Si dan 2 3 25 6 50 14 00 3 00 6 00 12 92 2 60 5 20 10 62 2 95 5 90 12 52 7. Stockings or socks— : CObbON. =o cri ae rs a Sd dw 8 50 4 00 33 2 64 41 3 28 41 3 28 isle... oni anes Ca in 2 46 92 4 92 50 1 00 3 64 41 82 1 10 46 92 4 20 8. Miscellaneous— GAS ea te nna nae A 3 28 84 25 75 28 S84 27 81 Mittens............o.. a readin 1 01 91 175 80 80 1.55 72 72 1 56 81 81 162 9. :Incidentals.. ..............i 00.00 a de Be 1 00 100 1 00 1 00 a L 00 1 QO... 1 00 1 00 Grandtotnley: oo. valde oil a a ssusr ll S71 soll... eS wrsdonl. oof $76 21 TABLE 38. HOUSE OPERATION CLERK (1921). San Francisco, | Los Angeles, Sacramento, Average, per year per year per year per year 1. Fuel and heat (coal, wood, kerosene, gas, electricity, ete.) ___._____________________________ $92 00 $63 82 $80 38 $78 73 2. Pelcohoneiandstelenraph. oo. vo venidb nso nmaat tC So Li en a LL HL ee 27 00 30 00 31 32 29 44 Br dee de enn era renee a EE BE Sp aha 10 00 36 00 16 56 20 85 4. Wighbleleetmeityy a sr asim lanai Lo ale 24 00 24 00 24 00 24 00 3: Servieemtoeeasionolaz cou oon tea Sime ede ae meee ag I 10 00 10 00 10 00 10 00 6. Stationery andipostase. oo Le each aE a 8 10 8 10 8 10 8 10 7. Garbagewemoval (twice weekly). ooo ie non on a Lae i 9 00 0 00 9 00 6 00 8. Renovations— Rurnituren(@ 9h of tofalistork) co uc 0 oe ia ea a a 76 42 76 75 65:71 72 96 IE aBlSINeI eh Lo oe Bf TT sn ET a ae ee Ena ee Se SR AE ER se Ret is LC eb ee ELL DB A RRR I a a ae Mewelsttrh ot botalistock) 2. oo oo. lu ow oo ene aE 33 52 33.52 33 52 33 52 been eA aaah ES 7 37 7 37 7:87 7.37 Rablenware and silver CL diag ger Cf i aie 8 14 8 14 14 8S 14 9. Cleaning supplies, general — Soapsborax ammonia, msech powder - Coit Lo Ala ee et a 21 60 21 60 21 60 21 60 wl: Lagnduyeshousesaccon ooh 0 Cr nt hme ae Jee an ED 129 60 129 60 129 60 129 60 11. Personal cleaning supplies— TRoothbrushes; lO nt 35 eentss ~~ or ove a oie Se ones onl lets de olde 0) 3 50 3 50 3 50 3 50 Combsand:brushesi(Visetoyenr). loo e000 0 gd nea i Lig 4 00 4 00 4 00 4 00 Shoe polish and brush (1 box per month) ___________________ 120 1:20 1.20 1:20 Itheash...... 50 50 50 50 Listerine and drugs for hygienic purposes_ 5 40 5 40 5 40 5 40 Bath yeomand tolletgupplios.. oF ob ma Le 270 270 2 70 2 70 12. Rent thouse Groomsiand bath) -- oo aR 660 00 780 00 540 00 660 00 otal sr wn NE LR El ee oe $1,134 05 $1,246 20 $1,002 60 $1,127 61 House StanpaArD—~Size of heuse, TABLE 39. FURNITURE—CLERK (1921). 6 rooms: 3 bedrooms, 1 kitchen, 1 dining room, 1 living room, 1 bathroom. San Francisco Los Angeles Sacramento Average Article Description Toil ‘ ‘ a 5 a Tn Ankles Init Tots Init i. ni 1 Ini : price Total Re Total price Total pride Total . Tables— Dining room d2)... oo vo roe san din a SSRIS Quartered oak _ _ 1 $28 35 | $28 35 |[ $35 58 | $35 5S || $23 75 | $23 75 || $29 23 $29 23 VINE OOM, on ae aa aC Quartered oak _ _ 1 35 00 35 00 35 83 35 83 29 68 29 68 33 50 33 30 Kitchenyploino osu. conus dain duc asossissaniorama res ninganniansacy 1 6 45 6 45 7 08 7 08 6 57 6 57 6 70 6 70 2. Chairs— Dining rooms fakin tue an ele a te ee a Fumed oak. ____ 6 813 48 90 7:58 45 48 5 75 34 50 7 16 42 96 Bedroom— : Bocking. 0. i Ld Sax te ‘Walnut or ivory. 1 11 00 11 00 11 08 11 08 11 75 11 75 11 28 11 28 Lh Te EN NR a RR Walnut or ivory. 5 9 50 47 50 10 42 32 10 9 25 46 25 9 72 48 60 Living room-— geking leather... oo. oo Cool iiiuiaEnd Upholstered. _ _ _ 1 32 50 32 50 29 17 29 17 20 75 20 75 27 47 27 47 Straig ee ene mm ws ain Rm a we LE 3 30 00 90 00 29 17 87 51 17 75 53 25 25 64 76 92 Bitchenooe Len ceniiin seas tion oun os bo son abagopluna sluts san oat 2 2 00 4 00 2 67 5 34 2 88 576 2 52 5 04 Mighichalr.-co. iain li aici il 1 8 25 825 7 63 7 63 8 00 8 00 7 96 7 96 3. Rugs— Livingroom 9. oo oon) SR Ne en Axminsterie ono soca 85:00: | seu ital SLO corse dls mado) on sila alls sig Tlvineroom Om 120... oC. Axminister_ _ _ _ _ 1 51 50 51 50 53 33 538.33 55 00 55 00 53 28 53 28 DIningtoomy Bx Quran. one brn bar Sey Axminister_ _ ___ 1 35 00 35 00 31 00 31 00 37 50 37 50 34 50 34 50 Diningreom, Ix 12... ll... Axminster. 0 0 ____ Sisal. oo cagaanl Coo oH ah a Bedroom, #9... 1 Lo Tin Tpesty on 1 24 16 | 24 16 (| 26.33 | 26 33 | 28 50 | 28 50" 2¢ 66 24 66 Rag rug (give size). i mi a le Sh SS SOLU wl 2 12 75 25 50 14 17 28 34 10 00 20 00 12 31 24 62 Linoleum-—sq. y Bedroom and Men on Sa at Sr GS 20 yds. 2115 43 00 2 15 43 00 2 00 40 00 2 10 42 00 ¢, Sewinemwnehine. oo... LC. oN a a, 1 70.00 | (70 00 || 70 00!| 7000 4500 | 45 00 | 61 67 61 67 Miscellaneous— Setteslordavennort... 0 al aa al 1 8000 | 8000 | 788 | 78 83 6250 | 6250] 7378 73 78 Sideboard er. no Loh LL ls a a 1 75 00 75 00 40 00 40 00 30 00 30 00 48 33 48 33 Burelae. ooo cou anna saan sa nate sn fone mm np 3 56 60 | 169 80 55 00 | 165 00 45 00 | 135 00 52 20 156 80 Caan, 1 25 00 25 00 25 00 25 00 21 25 21 25 23 75 23 75 ow Double co. ee aE a ET ee 1 27 50 27 50 33 33 33 33 21 25 21 25 27 36 27 36 Singlers Ci oC dE LE EN De 2 25 00 50 00 31 83 63 66 17 50 35 00 24 78 49 56 CD. ah a Lh Ls Se 1 16 66 16 66 21 00 21 00 15 00 15 00 17 55 17 55 Spring, doublestid sof 0 out on a a ela 1 14 83 14 83 14 00 14 00 10 75 10 75 13 19 13 19 Soring, single 0 te ead Loot Se 2 14 83 29 66 14 00 28 00 75 19 50 12 86 25.72 . Bed furnishings— : Matiress;double®. 0.000 or lola LL Silkefloss.. .o._. 1 2000 2000) 1800 | 1800| 1618 | 16 1S| 1806 18 06 Mattress, single... c---ocoe oa 2 1800 | 3600| 1600| 3200| 1393] 27 86| 1598 31 96 Mattress, eri. oven L ode oo LO i 8 50 8 50 8 67 8 67 9 38 9 38 5 8 85 Pillows (regular) pair _ oof 8 7a8| er asl van] ssed|l 475| sn 00ll eas] 52 61 Pillows (eribY single: ix oc ovo a oe ee 2 275 5 50 2 00 4 00 275 5 50 250 5 00 . Refrigerator— Bwoslzes. oo& aden oor non Sn NE SE 30 00 30 00 31 83 31 83 34 50 34 50 32 11 32 11 60 00 60 00 60 00 60 00 62 50 62 50 60 83 60 83 24 50 24 50 20 00 20 00 10 754,10 75 18 42 18 42 9 00 9 00 10 92 10 92 8 68 8 68 9 53 9 53 42 50 55 67 55 67 50 00 50 00 49 39 49 39 5:91 5 91 6 50 6 50 5 50 5 50 5 97 5 97 350 00 | 350 00 || 350 00 | 350 00 || 350 00 | 350 00 || 350 00 350 00 100 00 | 100 00 || 112 50 | 112 50 || 100 00 | 100 OO ||-104 17 104 17 . Stoves (cook)—gas Stoveitheating) 0 0. oan hha a rose Oh So Oibheater.. oli ov. . LraNal ang ne aE la Ped pt pd pd pd = no Ia S Records CLs Ee er Ll nah a ee O50 67 504. ded 07-50 0... a 67 50 Curtains: roo. Loca ns asia aE 45:00: ___ 45 00 r 45000... 45 00 Granditotal 2 ooo LE aus bee ad dl alot ie Loa $191525. _. _. 31,91885. $1.64286/| $1,825 66 ~~ 00 == \ TABLE 4o. MISCELLANEOUS—CLERK (1921). 80 Items Per year Total 1. Social entertainment— : Cuestsathome-- 5. CC. a $27 00 $27 00 2. Amusements— 3 Moysderichildren..:_ ol 2 0. nr Cool 225 Athletics or spcrts, theatre, movies, amateur entertainments, GORCERIS Cone Lo SU ne ae gion i le 45 60 Mobacen_oc =. 5 0 a Ee Ta 10 80 58 65 3. Club dues or organizatiocn— Husband, wife, civie. ..... cols omna os oN 18 00 18 00 4d Sehoslingferehildren.. = =. 5 oo cn oC oo Ee ee 5. Daily papers— a. Books (special literature). iv comin monn = 6 00 bh. Periodicalsand newspapers... .. 0. oo colo Shes 10 80 16 80 6. Caurch— 9 Charity Ln me ai 18 00 18 00 7. Gifts— Christmas, weddings, birthdays, sick friends, ete.____________ 22 50 22 50 8. Medical care— . Doctor, dentist; nursing, drugs (on prescription), shaving upkeep 75 00 75 00 SR arhersisorvicesiae 0. 0 Ee BY LS rE A 3 00 Siwshandshaly. oF 0c 0 pl AES 6 00 Children’s haircuts, 12atd0cents.~ 0 00: = 0 [0 0 4 80 13 A ee ae SE a I ENE eC 54 00 54 00 11. Coarfare, 1200ridesat Seents. 0. 0 oon 60 00 60 00 12. Insurance premiums— Lilc(on 35000) at $26.00... cine ion 0 von 130 00 Furniture (fire) $2000 $6.00... __ 12 00 142 00 Gronditetalc Bro wer © SC Re RS bn ae, el Bh $505 75 TABLE 41. SUMMARY OF ESTIMATE FOR EXECUTIVE (1921). Man, wife and three children. Be Beodas ros ce ee a a se a EE OG ae $1,063 00 2. Clothing— Hyshand Coco ooo i sn a a ee dea $386 81 Wife © a ea Ne Eo 533 82 Boy, 11 years x 165 99 Girl, 5 years _. 203 71 Boy, 2 years 134 20 1,424 53 3. House operation— web hwatandilighte: oo oo do oll didi b iain tunes $226 14 Beplacements (furniture, ete)... 00. ob oF ds bo LL gna. 262 51 ShtS coor on Bee a ep Eg Th Le aes 1,220 00 Otheritems.. _.. 0. ri.0 bo Ju cod or dae LE Tia. 1,276 37 2,985 02 Ad Miscellaneous... coal. al RR Ee Se RR aa EL SE 1,562 25 Sranditotal.. sola le Ao LIL ans Bea ah eo BL Tes $7,034 80 Total (reduced 59%, for management)... cf. . Cobol ancien cues madam $6,683 06 wie B= TABLE 42. SUMMARY OF ESTIMATE FOR EXECUTIVE (1920). Man, wife and three children. Le 00. iam re a $1,245 00 2. Clothing— Husband. - > 5 oa aE $429 61 We. i aaa ag Ts EE 744 74 Boy, lL years. nat neg RL Ea Be LE 183 09 GIrl Biyears.. ooo Tr ee eee Te NC SR a 243 04 Boy, 2years.. oro Uo rade a a ee a 147 27 . —— 1,747 75 3. House operation— Fuel heat and Holt... crea ei te ame ae a al $202 91 Replacements (furniture, ete.y. Lot. 0 otro ER a a 326 34 OL LP re he Re ES ae AE a a Ea LE 1,172 00 Otheritems .... Li WE a LE a 1,415 72 -a-_™—aamsepo”tc 3,116 97 2. Miscellaneous: rp. 00 tomo So iad an ne nia El 1,649 90 Grand total... ieee ae renee eae $7,759 62 Total (reduced 57; for management). .... o_o... o_o ol ME ine $7,371 64 TABLE 43. FOOD AND COST FOR ONE MONTH FOR EXECUTIVE. Family of five. November, 1921. Dro Pounds : Cost Class I— Meatand fish. ne oe bo Wn Sse 28.5 52 $14 82 We ee eee a 6.0 160 9 60 Bape oo loon or a ha A ee 44.5 15 6 68 Besnwi econ coi LN. BoE ee Lie Ll 8.2 2 17 Class II— our. LoL a on ea oa a ea 4.9 45 221 Othereerenls- no cov an Cai ea 12.5 25 3 13 Class ITI— Negétablaes. oo: oo one Uo ila sd me a ea 6.8 120 8 16 Bradt. fo dai a 8.9 75 6 68 Class IV— Butter. dose tipea os so Sain Be adil de ak in 58.0 12 6 96 Oflgandifats ei ai we oy plat ai ma ya nes 27.7 10 2:77 Class V— Sugars. on cel ee lia 0x ah se ee 6.8 27 1 84 Extras— Coffee and ted, ebic. . 4. J lig dv oi ragga 42.5 6 2 55 Sundries. _____ fe et ct i a i AR a Ny ei EARL 23 00 Motal. Jo. rc. a bo ae a a Sh ae sd $88 57. Costperafnumes. 0. 0. a cue lt Ra CL $1,062 84 TABLE 44. CLOTHING FOR HUSBAND-—EXECUTIVE (1921). San Francisco Los Angeles Sacramento A — verage Items a , x = Yn ~f sub Unit Yearly » nit early . nit early n totals price cost Total price cost Total price cost Total 1. $6 25 $9 37 $8 13 | $12 19 Zoo 250 ze0l 2500 7 50 375 3 50 173 $17 66 3 67 1 83 | $17 45 3 50 175 | $18 19 $17 76 2. Suits— Woolywinter. ooo ncaa ai ed 1 51 67 51 67 55 00 55 00 60 00 60 00 Wool (summer)... ae 15 48 33 24 16 53 33 26 67 32 50 1 «16 25 BOE ae ce ac aah de He Re aid 1-71 55 00 7 86 75 00 10 71 75 00 10°71 Sport outing. ie na See ll 33 33 11: 11 94 80 50 00 16 66 | 119 04 47 50 15 83 | 102 79 105 54 3. Extra Sronsere 00 ean a a a el ee a a an ell es El ONT. bd ena Sh el dl 10 17 3 39 3 39 975 3 25 3 25 10 63 3 54 3 54 3 39 4. Overcoats— , General wear.c.c o-oo ian ae ad aS l Lil 53 33 17 78 66 67 22 22 62 50 20 83 Baincont. oll... ada a a Hl 25 00 6 25 41 67 10! 17 35 00 8 75 MaGIRNW. oh La Ee dual) EL i ae Clann Ce GBT ee den dd dE 14 8 67 2 89 26 92 14 50 4 83 37 22 10 00 3 33 32 91 32 35 5. Shirts— Cotton (worleY. . ob ieee ara a Ca Ea ool alegre te le clase ll as Tl gh Cotton (madras). ooo aL a 6 3 50 20 00 5 00 30 00 4 00 24 00 Press... aa a a RE his 1 4 88 4 88 5 00 5 00 5 17 517 Flannel. o_o lion Bn a 14 5 62 2 31 26 69 9 17 58 39 58 5 33 2 66 31 83 32 70 6. Underwear (union suits or equivalent) — Cotton, BUMMEY oc o.oo or eae meee nama dnd 4 3 87 14 48 3 57 14 28 3 42 13 68 Mixed, winter. J aL a 2 5 75 11 50 5 50 11 00 5 00 10 00 Poms. cuba a a Sada 2 4 00 8 00 375 7 50 3 17 6 34 Nightshirts......c. o.oo. ion. 2 Iai Seilaa 2 25 aa 33 98 2:17 32 78 2 00 sn 30 02 32 26 7. Bathrobe. _ Suh - 1-6 9 50 1 58 1 58 12 33 2 06 2 06 13-75 229 2 29 1 98 17. 18. 19. Outing-boots (custom) Rubbers. ....... .. c.oieasiiii. Sune pom . Gloves— Cotton (work)... .. i enn al en a Sd; Business. oto db emai lt oT RidUdresst: cx SL aT . Collars— SN nL . Tiel Suspendersalight.s «00 Sih de nT Sade Handkerchiefs— Upkeep— % Gleaningiemits. 0 nll ee al saa Pregsineswite = Cor oe Una TT re eas Blocking hats -. = Cree Laie Taundry (personal Sli week): = 0 oo. 0. ood Half-soles and heels. 2 J0WW8 0 Lo C0 Laan Newdeelgiiin 2.» viiil 0 eae Grandtetal. 0. ileal sri fon aml onl. os soll Clot ani la pros p00 TT gan a | wonfi 5 63. 415 78 3 90 42.0 210 1 ris 45 7erfl wal Ll 57s 02 li Sex| 378 7 41 a57|l oar | 1023 (i 1033 13330 133 RL 10 00 | 10 00 1250 [| 12 50 3631] Tol 583 ‘ries 2 83 94 250 | 500 317] 634 1/65] 3°30 Syn IF TE a was 7 163 Blt 20.27. 250 wil wmoll 1.7 86 | 3093 2863 byl ante ep gnill oD Lifes 1 z.80 [I a5 3.67 [I "3 67 400 | 400 I. gigi _tTul sso depo 0 ofl wenlll dam HGH wap 372 12 20| 240 ast 270 20 2.40 4 oli nl 4 5B al s0s 50.| 200 240 4 57 6 163| 978 1.3 9 00 200 | 12 00 1 200] poof ins) 225i 228i wos deni Toa isos 1333 3 50] 1500! 130 500 soft 140 25 vast vas 145 ll 163 81 sil 130 75 75ill 2am es] tes 88 1 L338 1380 vas gaz] wazfi veal aos] 3135] 128 111 12 36 | 432 45 | 540 a9] asa RA rei. Rh ew agi. 2 oli 5 ait 8 ome 4 52 Ml soofi rect veel soo 166( 198) s00| 166 168 1 66 boon oa 10:00 | 1000... 10i00:(l 1000. |i 10t00' [i 10 00 ji 1000 4 181 |i 724 150 | 600 1 69 76 26 1.00 | 2600 50 | 13 00 100 | 2600 1 113 1s 125] 195 Te7| 1167 52 100 | 5200 100 | 5200 100 | 5200 1 oak 1.75 oh 200( 200 2 00 00 2 50 | 100] 8962 35 70 | (74 95 35 70 | 89 13| 84 56 aah 387 70 lea] BrOn SB.) |8388 0) (5356 5) TABLE 45. CLOTHING FOR WIFE OF EXECUTIVE (1921). San Francisco Los Angeles, : Sacramento % verage iors Roplarnt 2 A i of sub ( nit early Unit Yearly Unit Yearly totals price cost Total price cost, Total price | cost Total . Hats— Summer. 1 $10 48 | $10 48 : $11 67 | $11 67 $18 67 | $18 67 Sport _ _ 1% 5 83 2 91 9 50 4 75 7 90 95 Water. Co. eee eas La ad 1 10 00 10 00 | $23 39 17 33 17 33 | $33 75 19 16 19 16 | $41 78 $32 97 Dresses— Cotton, Work. win ie alas ian rid means ad 1 513 5 13 4 48 4 48 5 66 5 66 Cotton, street. ol aaa 2 9 65 19 30 14 25 28 50 15 50 31 00 Wool, street. ee LE 1 40 00 40 00 39 75 39 75 50 74 50 74 Wool, adfernoon. 0 Ll Lgl 37 17 18 58 42 41 21 20 65 83 32 91 Silk, A OTNOON se a a de emda wan ma an 15 41 33 20 66 45 00 22 50 60 00 30 00 Sill evening. co oo el Sli eee 4 40 83 20 41 | 124 08 68 33 34 16 | 151 59 52 72 26 36 | 176 67 150 78 3 8uits, wool CC eee ala Sl 15 50 66 25 33 25:33 54 99 27 49 27 49 69 17 34 58 34 58 29 13 .- Coats— Wool, winter. 20. aaa, ll 42 42 21 21 67 99 33 99 74 16 37 08 ‘Wool, summer ___ a ll 33 25 16 62 47 50 23 75 20 75 10 37 EVening, CUSTOM. wien ore So ci did sd rm A Vm elm AL SA a 40.001). oo La de crea] Ee ae ae BANGOR, ICUSLOITI.. oh oe vem iim em mi i mi me 8 to 17.50. |... ..= 3 294 S508. SD BO at a Sort a. a LL Ll 13 00 6 50 12 50 6 25 10 25 512 Sweater. ous oslo eed le aad Pb a 4 9 17 4 58 48 91 13 33 6 66 70 65 18 02 9 01 61 58 60 38 5. Waists— EL pp ES IER ES CIN SO 1 3 65 3 65 4 08 4 08 6 08 6 08 Ol aera nnn SR Sada a eda a sw Lg 9 33 4 66 10 33 5 16 10 33 5:16 Georgette. Li aa Cale aT Li 4 9 00 4 50 12 81 11 50 575 14 99 10 00 5 00 16 24 14 68 Skirts— Wash. eo eoaaa LL Laai i 1 4 97 4 97 4 25 4 25 8 25 4 12 Wool... ea 141 11 48 5 74 13 00 6 50 17.75 8 87 ED DIO aria i ive ow PF or sto a in | 10 50 5.25 15 96 13 82 6 91 17 66 14 83 7 41 20 40 18 00 . Aprons— BRE RIOW. ans mre an bi ha ae 1 2 63 2 63 1 98 98 3 84 3 84 Kitehan CL ale aaa 1 1 00 00 3 63 173 173 371 110 1:10 4 4 4 09 . Bedroom wear— MONI, CI ODR ale mnie ns mie os mh i non on mo ll $4 55 $2 27 $3 25 $1 62 $5 83 $2 91 Kimonaysille..C. 0... aia Laas “ll 11 67 2 92 9 00 2.25 16 92 4 23 Bathrobe. i cian de i en ad 1-5) 7 82 1 54 9 50 1 90 9 92 1 98 Combing Jacket... eae 1 4 72 2 36 9 09 6 25 3.12 8 89 4 98 2 49 11 61 9 86 . Petticoats— USI LL asa 1 2 97 2 97 3 48 3 48 4 07 4 07 Dark ootton. co. aoe ane ee o Lg 2 30 115 3 50 175 2 50 125 Sateen. Lad aL sa 14 310 1 55 175 87 3 29 1 64 Washosille toil 1 5 28 5 28 4 48 4 48 4 30 4 30 HT SR RR RR I Ra 34 6 80 5 10 16 05 6 50 4 86 15 44 8 15 6 12 17 38 16 29 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 16. 17+ 18. Underwear— : Combination or unions... ... cai caa.a-oli tool Chemise, muslin. co... oo cnacnnnss anes sams Pratvers cousin. 0 oo be a Blo0mers, CroDe. © nonce a dn ne fe Bloomers, gills. o.oo. Lo, Gorseticover, muslin. oc ... i eLL Camisole sila 0 ool a eRe Tl DB rasslores. oC ri ean iam Rs nee Nighbtdresses: oo rc a Padma es Corsets; standard: co oa Slo La le Sa ga Stockings— Kd, business. oes Cro a Li Ec sheen rede eae Ridden. oa nanan Handkerchiefs— Shoes— Hoh hiter a ae Higheblnele. 0. oo Liat LoWawhite. ot... ooo lida aban aa House slippers... oo a al al Bveningslippers. _._.._---.- o_o... Rubbers, storm... oo en a Se LSI Rubbers, toe... ooo Coa sotitn oii i annul ods Miscellaneous— Barasel pt eo Umbrella. occ EL Bag. unas en ania stead Seatiiwool. oc as ee ed Sear mR ana Rasa Incidentals (hairpins, collars, beltpins, shields, veils, laces, nets, repairstodewelry, ete) Loi. oo LL Urkeep— Dry-cleaning and repairs. . o-oo ie Halfsolesandiheels. . ...... ici aaa hacen Extra heels Grand total 3 3 62 10 86 3 00 00 3 15 9 45 3 2 47. a7 4] 125 375 173 5 19 3 2 13 6 39 1 00 3 00 2 03 6 09 sree 150A. i 180 joo ol 08 eta 395 1. SAS Vo ala dP ue 2 198 3 96 1 38 276 195 3 90 x 3 28 3 28 2 48 2 48 3 04 3 04 1 2 00 2 00 2 00 2 00 2 34 2 34 3 2 97 8 91 175 5 25 3 80 11 40 mh SAB VC) 4158] 2480 i.) 28 24 2050 4 Loi a4] 4) 37 15 114 8 83 13 24 13 24 8 33 12 49 12 49 8 92 13 38 13 38 13 04 BO ls hm EIR BO 1 08 6 48 1 00 6 00 103 6 18 2 27 9 08 15 56 2 83 10 52 16 52 4 15 16 60 22 78 19 29 108 ae 9 Nia eo 1 42 4 1 1 83 1 83 1.17 117 2 00 2 00 1 3 50 3 50 3 50 3 50 4 69 4 69 1 3 50 3 50 8 63 4 25 4 25 8 92 4 66 4 66 11 35 9 63 6 37 2 22 30 1 80 35 2 10 6 44 2 64 4 86 50 3 00 4 80 60 3 60 570 512 15 9 23 4 61 12 50 6 25 7 48 3 74 1 15 00 15 00 15 00 | -15 00 12 44 12 44 sll 10 88 5 44 10 48 5 44 10 08 5 04 15) 13 88 6 94 12 66 6 33 11 44 5 72 ee] 2 OF Hoi 2068 os LoD Ll 12 5 6 25 12 16 6 08 11 82 5 91 b% 3 25 1 62 4 08 2 04 4 92 2 46 Ll 10 25 513 11 23 5 61 12 21 6 10 iL 115 1-15 1:15 115 1:16 116 ene 00 i. cs duc 46 14 000... 47 90 98 to] 42 57.|(. 44.63 i ata S80 {nh ra 8 BF f oh ta ll a 1s 7 33 66 4 00 2 00 8 50 4 25 0% 6 47 3 23 6 75 3 37 9 50 4 75 0%] 9 32 4 66 : 11 00 5 50 11 65 5 82 os a G7 of A155 13 500-2 | 10.87 9°98 nan 14482 12 41 Spinto 30 00 30:00:01. -{ 30:00 30:00: ____|="30:00 30 00 30 00 rea Ee 24 00 see wea olin 24.500 Se ea UO) 1 1.75 175 175 175 1 53 53 2 50 1 00 26 75 35 70 26 45 35 70 26 23 26 37 em enello logple $477 79 oo. coool on 18530 36 coon er [$598 42 || $583 82 TABLE 46. CLOTHING FOR BOY OF ELEVEN--SON OF AN EXECUTIVE (1921). — : ) San Francisco Los Angeles Sacramento a Teil ; verage Items Replies : . : 0 ve of ah ’ Dr Unit Yearly ois nit Yearly ts nit early “ totals price cost Total price cost Total price cost Total Hats— tere SL a Se a 1 $2 83 $2 83 $3 17 $3 17 $3 50 £3 50 Swwimemstte 0 Lo 283 b......- 317 |-aa 4.63 Jc. oa. EDD oo mie rc tn ob mm met A 2 2 00 4 00 2 83 5 66 3 75 7 50 DO I or cdi in = pr er i a i in tS MIR TT TB ar $6 83 E08: i. dase $8 83 60: ona $11 00 $R 89 Suits— OO a a 1%) 17 50 26 22 21 17 31. 75 23 75 35 62 tra drousers, veel CE Bell nea 5000 ae 37D [enn Pxtra tronsers(cerduroy). — i 2 4 32 8 64 4 33 8S 66 3 50 7 00 Dalat ere na ed maa aE HE 3486 he Fry TE In ERR a 42 62 39 29 Overcoats— : rales palenia E B INE a SE a ll 19 50 9 75 24 17 12 08 20 25 10 12 Mockinaw >. 0) ao oooh tle ct Te TE pT a ET a ainconte trois had es ian A i ah ps hed 14 6 32 3 16 10 00 5 00 16 25 8 12 Bwenter yr U Cy ale Ge Ree 15 6 83 3 41 16 32 10 00 5 00 22 08 8 38 4 19 22 43 20 28 Shirts— Calton. 4 2 13 8 52 2 00 8 00 275 10 00 Mammel 1 3 88 3 88 3 58 3 58 3 88 3 88 . Blouses 0... iT 4 2 38 9 52 21 92 1 98 7.02 18 60 2 63 9 92 23 80 21 44 Underwear— Unions, SUIT. aaa Ns 1 69 6 76 1 67 6 68 1 38 5 52 Unions, Wilber Serer heh 2 2 50 5 00 3 00 6 00 3 00 6 00 Pas a el Toa LOZ) ile 2a. Nichwshinbs, 0 io 0 0a 3 175 5 25 17: 61 175 b 25 17 93 1 50 4 50 16 02 16 98 Stockings— Cottonpifast colors. 20 CU 12 64 7 68 70 8 40 50 6 00 Juiglabdoeor 0 arr toe a le Be eR 7 6S. FA. oS S40 fl... JL Jha 6 00 7 36 4 6 50 2600 00 28 00 5 45 21 80 1 6 00 6 00 5 33 5 33 5 28 Hh 28 4 1 25 63 25 63 125 63 1 125 3 125 33 88 1' 25 125 35 21 125 1 25 28 96 32 68 . Handkerchiefs— 25 2 00 20 1 60 LOS. ol 2000 ones) dt 1 60 176 Aoves (rid). os ad Ll 15 2 50 125 2 33 116 175 87 lls Ada 10 20 2 00 20 2 00 20 2 00 Ne eS A AC a I GS 5 88 4 40 92 4 60 1 00 5 00 Gartersorsupporters. ian 2 50 1 00 50 1 00 55 110 . Bolger Ta) 5 1 00 50 9 15 1 00 50 9 26 1 00 50 9 52 9 31 Tneidentals sic i aes TL Se Jed 2 00 2 00]. 25) 2 00 2004 C2 Sad 200; 2.00 2 00 Upkeep— Shoes— a Half solesiand heels... oo aed ion nen a) 4 175 7 00 1 50 6 00 1:25 5 00 Batraheels ro ee a ee rd 7 00H. 02000] os Head 5 00 6 00 Grand totals. o.oo Lo ain Lol se Mk on He Cn er EL er sd $158 All. od S170 7200... ilar $168 95 || $165 99 TABLE 47. CLOTHING FOR GIRL OF FIVE—DAUGHTER OF AN EXECUTIVE (1921). San Francisco Los Angeles Sacramento : Replace- Average ime ment | Year] Unit | Year Unit | Year i nit early , ni early ni early otals price cost Total, price cost Total price cost Total 1. Hats— mer. aan a a ea Re ie das 1 $4 50 $4 50 $3 95 $3 95 $5 32 $5 32 Winter. oc. ers aa aaa i 617 6 17 6 57 6 57 6 79 6 79 Cap a i a de eas 1 2.50 2 50 | $13 17 2 95 2 95 | $13 47 270 2 70 | $14 81 $13 82 2. Dresses— ; Cotton, ginghamyebe. o-oo. a Lo i 6 4 65 27 90 3 57 21 42 3 10 18 60 Muslini~ 7. Lo eh 3 6 25 18 75 8 33 24 99 5 38 16 14 1 11 33 11 33 10 00 10 00 11:19 11 19 1 13 30 13 30 8 82 8 82 12 48 12 48 2 1 17 2 34 73 62 1 00 2 00 67 23 1 36 2.72 61 13 67 33 3. Wool. nou a ae ha Lal 17 81 8 90 17 66 83 16 17 8 08 Velvetiorsilk. o.oo. iy ba Hil 12 50 6 25 20 00 10 00 15 00 7 50 OWenter. 1 6 67 6 67 21 82 7 32 7 32 26 15 8 90 8 90 24 48 24 15 4. Underwear, summer— . Shirts, lendt.. Jo a 4 98 3 92 65 2 60 1 20 4 80 Drawers, kemit o_o oa 4 98 3 92 65 2 60 1.17 4 68 Unions dente ola ea UaS les. 192 |... 2:39 |... _.... US er css nmme seme meee nea 3 82 2 46 50 1 50 70 2 10 Drawers, muslin, 0. oC 0 a 4 1 28 512 80 3 20 1 09 4 36 Unions or equivalent, winter___.______. . 0 _ 3 3 75 11 25 26 67 3 00 9 00 18 90 3 36 10 08 26 02 23 86 5. Nightdresses— ke Ca SEER AR SE Re Mi ER I 2 2 17 4 34 1.75 3 50 113 2 26 MING. a a aa I 2 1 50 00 7 34 1.55 3 10 6 60 142 84 5 10 6 35 6. Petticoats— SR 4 872 14 88 275 11 00 255| 10 20 IN ee a a a 2 1 03 2 06 16 94 75 1.50 12 50 88 176 11 96 13 80 ~ . 7. Shoes— : Hoh ce. salar al 4 6 25 26 00 4.75 19 00 5 08 20 40 EER SR SR 1 475 475 400 | 400 4 00 4 00 Sandals. ooo lo oa oa EEE ER RAE a SI 1 2 20 2 20 2 88 2 88 2 49 49 Rubbers. Cl. LaLa 1 1 03 103] 3394 85 85 7! 26 73 84 84 | 27 73 29 46 10. 17. . Stockings— Cotton. a oS Miscellaneous— GETLErs OF SUPPORTS. «ona aaa a Handkerchiefs Seaton) SL Ue a Te Ribbon (per yd a. Hairbows Jy of Layde dus oo oo ain ba: Sashesor belts. 0... 0 Lo oo ale Tneidentals. ooo a Upkeep— Shoes—half solesiand heels... o.oo ran Lo oiol Grand total. oo Loot Diana dl ec iano ey naan 53 eins d5tl a A ry 12 78 9 36 63 7 56 52 6 24 Jaa dnti TAZ 9 36 125 i 7 56 3 ee. 6 24 772 3 32 96 30 90 33 99 12 17 2 04 25 3 00 21 2.52 6 yds 75 4 50 63 3 78 94 5 64 3.17 6 34 13 84 2 00 4 00 11 68 2 50 5 00 14 15 13 22 Il 2 50. 250 Lt. 2 50 2 30.1 2 50 2.50 2.50 1 1.75 1.75 1.75 1 50 1.50 1.50 1.25 1.25 1 25 1 50 eas aeyEar loa $220.95 Jb. oli 18194 8D (8195 37 (| $203 71 TABLE 48. CLOTHING FOR BOY OF TWO—SON OF AN EXECUTIVE (1921). San Francisco Los Angeles Sacramento x hai verage Items ig V0 : i Cot of sub nit Yearly | mv... Unit Yearly : nit, early totals price cost Total price cost Total price cost Total 1. Hats— Dele i 1 $1 00 $1 00 $0 74 $0 74 $1 45 $1 45 Wool Cloth. eam oe a ec DS i 2 58 2 58 211 2:11 3 42 3 42 a Lo oe a 1 2 50 2 50 $6 08 2:25 2 25 $5 10 3 30 3 30 $8 17 $6 45 2. Dresses— Cottonsuits. aa LL a 5 3 30 16 50 2 95 14 73 4 80 24 00 Rompers... oo... a eae 3 2975 8 25 2.25 6 75 3 81 10 43 Coveralls CL eas ae a ee 4 117 4 68 29 43 1 00 4 00 25 50 120 4 80 39 23 31 38 3. Overcoats— Wool. a LL Sandi LC es ee 1 13 65 13 65 15 37 15 37 11 17 11:17 WVelvetior corduroy. oct. Lo acaol dn sie gone aol 6.63. T 00 foacbainis 0.08 | 1... : Sweaters CU ih C0 alone 2 6 63 13 26 26 91 4 75 9 50 24 87 7 06 14 12 25 29 25 69 41. Underwear, summer— , | Shirts, Jenit. coe. oe 6 80 4 80 85 5 10 60 3 60 Drawers, deni... La iL Ss se 8 93 7 4 85 6 80 57 4 56 ase a aa as 3 73 219 50 1 50 75 2 25 Underwear, winter— . Shirts, mized. CL .. o... oala 3 192 5 76 170 5 10 1 93 579 Drawers, mized. ono. il cio oioonion ash 3 192 5 76 25 95 1 70 5 10 23 60 153 4 59 20 79 23 45 5. Nightelothes— OV UE i iis eri mt oe a ee 4 1 92 7 68 185 7 40 1 84 7 36 Ob naan I 37d. ae.) 1 50%. oc 1607. . -...: Done OL SICEDING SIE Enema Halfsolesand heels... 2. | Grand total 7.500 112 917 13 75 843 | 12 64 7 50 375 8 42 4 21 8 10 4 05 : wes aa A snlE rse Es 75cm al ats 755 17 44 Eo Pil os 13 Toe 195 0 150 wns vo ol E37 aa) cD caps ae aT Say mall a EE 137 12 20 2 40 25 3 00 19 2 28 21 2 52 1 28 112 3 52 25 1 00 4 00 25 1 00 3 28 26 1 04 3 56 6 94 5 64 100 6 00 117 7 02 1 04 6 24 yy godt BIT cel gol Tor aml] Ee 6 24 28 2 80 21 2 10 24 2 40 gal CH Feo. Tg Ty pogo ope tg 2 40 40 80 35 70 42 84 1 50 50 133 44 126 42 95 95 83 83 86 86 2 95 3 00 1 00 3 25 3 50 117 3 14 3 00 100 3 12 pogrom 8 00 goo ll: .. 4 sao good. = [ ®s300 soll. |S son 8 00 ea an sues ll ob oo > isieosoifl cof colsiasesll fT |sia0iss 4 $181 | $7 24 $1 50 | $6 00 $1 69 | $6 76 $1 67 | $6 68 15 100 | 15 00 50 7 50 100 | 15 00 83 | 12 45 mE 125| 6500 125] 6500 E128 6500 125 6500 2 2 25 50 | 91 74 2 00 400 | 8250 2 00 400 | 90 76 2 08 4 16 88 29 op eel RE $232.38 = | 4 ccismameoll i = of. co lseaeanflc Coo 82 $228 No = TABLE 55. TOTAL FOR UNMARRIED CLERK (WOMAN) 1921. I. Board and lodging— 1. Lodging (2 in room) $15.00 per month per person _ _ _______________ $180 GO Totallodging sos » DW. =iowad IC Sl enh ———— $180 00 2, Board— a. Regular (2 meals on week days, 3 meals on Sunday, $7.00 per EE ALA Soir rans $364 00 b. i Lunches, 40 cents per day 313 days. . =. Tilman 125 20; c. Extra food, fruit, etc., 50 cents per week Metabboavdi_ Cf i a iL 515 00 otal board anddodging:. ©. 2 2 go. Soa ee $695 20 TL. Clashes . Clothing ____ ; $229 68 5 Wpkeepli io 00 78 32 Totalelothing. . 3. 100... $B oon oom er 308 00 III. Miscellaneous— 1. Henlth, doclor, dentist, eeulist -_....... ..__ . —.___.._- “5 $43 00 2. Toilet supplies and. services... unin 9 00 3. Organizations (religious and social) _ _ 10 00 4. Newspapers, books and magazines 10 00 5. Carfare— 600 idestowork at Beents... ooo on 30 00 Yat additional rides at Scents... me 720 6. Amusements, recreation, vacation... Lo... ol ooo ioe 72 00 7. -Bducationaslipurpogess =o 0. 0 on LT a a te ei sR Se Otherdncidentals: (2-0 tb 1 el Ll 18 00 Total miscellaneous (exclusive of Sena SE gaan bn a 199 20 0. Savings, 10'percentoftetal™ ~"_ 0 1. FE Wr TE TY 120 22 Girandstoinlas cutee mim seem aon ives yim re $1,322 62 Finalestimate (less 39 formanagement).........C. .. oo o_o neo. $1,256 48 TABLE 56. TOTAL FOR UNMARRIED CLERK (WOMAN) 1920. I. Board and lodging— 1. Yodging (2 in room), $15.00 per month per person... _...._.. ..... $180 00 Hotal lodaing i ocr cea em. iia esi eile $180 00 2. Board— a. Regular (2 meals on week days, 3 meals on Sunday, $38.00 per week): swear. oo Nan Cusseta BELL Lowel SRS $416 00 b. Bunches, 40 cents perday,; 313days. _._ . _ ... 0... .. 0. ..... 125 20 c.. Extra food; fruit, ete,,;50 cents per week... ....... 26 00 Motalboard. so. tn see SR ET ee EST TR 567 20 Total bord andilodging TL i a ie een $747 20 II. Clothing— 3 3. Clothing... . ..... eiciieerdriirne eee $243 8ST De IpREe rae 78 82 Tolalelothing 2... ci iB lib onl. hl ar LL rd 322 69 nr. Miscellaneous— . 1. Heanlth—doctor, dentist, oeulist.. ....... coco iain. ulna $43 00 2. Toilet supplies and Services 3 {ote Goel Ll aa 10 00 8. Organizations (religious andisoeial) +. i-ra. 4 0 X00. 10 00 4. Newspapers, books and magazines... Lo i. Lo i. ca cod 10 00 5. Carfare— 600 rides toworkat Beents. soto oo ta Lon La. 30 00 144 additional rides at Beents. o.oo oeo oo ool CL 7:20- 6. Amusements, toereation;vaeation ib i. La. oh Leino t oa nod 80 00 7- Bducationallpurpeses. oo... on. 0 Te. had LL oe EE Sa Otherincidentals 8... 5. Jo. ool Coo oo odp oBo ior ik 20 00 Tots] miscellaneous (exclusive oi savings)... oa oil cool lL. LC 210 20 9. Savings, 10pefcantof total... oui. . foun. snl Dada ne LCL ris 128 00 Grandtotal... ol. a ah idenan ina mara $1,408 09 Final estimate (less 5% for management). oom $£1.337 68 : : TABLE 57. CLOTHING FOR UNMARRIED CLERK (WOMAN) (1921). San Francisco Los Angeles Sacramento Average Yony gd Unit Yearl Unit Yearl Unit Yearl Unit Yearl Init early ni early | mo, ni early | om .. ni carly | oo, price cost Total price cost Total price cost Total price cost Total 1. Hats— | Samer Ee se i a ae ee i 1 $7 48 $7 48 $6 00 $6 00 $11 25 | $11 25 $8 24 $8 24 OD mmm eid a ion ml | a we a ll wo mi AE LE i SH Rl rin suum SRE A ER RT em ce Water a oy 1 7 50 7 50 | $14 98 8 33 8 33 | $14 33 13 33 13 33 | $24 58 9 72 9 72 $17 96 2. Dresses— BettonPwork. © 0 i a a sll el es sad eae) EL Ee sae i Sr ge hae BObEOn, Streetball ed mE sae RE lee I Wool, street. ......._.... ami ll 23 16 11 58 30 00 15 00 31 92 15 96 28 36 14 18 Wool alternoon.... ovo os AE LSE NE Satan Sh Ge Goll Ce sta ail ts gs, len tell di Jl 0 eA Cie cl se Be fet Silk, afternoon... 1 15l| 27 66 13 83 35 00 17 50 37 83 18 91 33 50 16-75 SlEfeVening. cio. o_o C0 Coats. oo SUH on See loa Ad 25-4 ie Sle Ed 32-8080. adoal 0B GN 4 34-87. Pa 30 93 3. Suits— Wools =~ coo 14/1 40 50 20 25 20 25 43 00 21 50 21 50 53 33 26 66 26 66 45 61 22 80 22 80 4. Coats— Wooli(winter)__........ .........: 1-3| 34 75 11 58 41 33 13 78 49 92 16 64 42 00 14 00 Sport... or ld BZ 6 67 3 33 10 15 5.07 8 57 4 28 8 46 4 23 Sweater. a TE ay 1491. retail ¥8585|. ww po 2 20024 co cL. Bae 18 23 5. Waists— Cotton: agi, 5 2 80 14 00 1 98 9 90 3 82 19 10 2 87 14 35 1] RENE SR fs TSS LY I Se 1 6 97 6 97 8 83 8 83 573 573 7 18 718 Georgette. oan emer een eo 20 07 18 73 ea ad 24.83 a aaa 21 53 6. Skirts— Washo od 1 3 47 3 47 3 82 3 82 5 75 5 75 4 35 4 35 Sport oiiie HEE ai 1 7.75 7-75 11 22 7 25 7 25 1107 11 50 11 50 17. 25 8 83 8 83 13 18 - 7. Aprons— Bungalow Brus oo LL 14 2 13 1 06 197 98 2 45 122 218 1 09 LC I SS SSL RE SR) cen an | in ed fe heer 1064] saz Ra foo Shs LEBER SO BR Sai 12241. Fo ts Ho #8 Ok 4 109 ® 8. Bedroom wear— Fimonn (crepe)... .. oii ce iinair 1-3] 3 28 1109 4 32 1 44 4 15 1 38 3 92 1°31 Bathrobe, "1 ere Sl HE SIE 1 OO eR oda] rede 2 1:38) or ee 1:31 9. Petticoat— Muslin. ra Lh 1 212 212 1 67 1 67 2 47 2 47 2 09 2 09 Park cobbon oo ns A a aE le el ca iE oo a 1 4 30 4 30 6 4 30 4 30 5 97 3 99 3 99 6 46 4 20 4 20 6 29 42 TABLE s57—Concluded. CLOTHING FOR UNMARRIED CLERK (WOMAN) (1921)—Continued. San Francisco Los Angeles Sacramento Average Jos Ropons U. 1 1 U Yearl U Yearl nit, Yearly Unit Yearly nit early nit early price cost Total price cost Total price cost Total price cost Total . Underwear— : Combinations and unions_._________ 4 $2 47 $9 88 $1 48 $5 92 $2 12 $8 48 $2 02 $8 08 Chemise, muslin ZC 00 Si eae lays Ra Real kan TE Ee SE al Ds DratWers, mvashinecc Coe oo oo Sah EL ae asl oad, I aL eos Bloomers, Crepes as cial tae a ne ds Ln Re ea Es Bolsnade ny Cr ee INE ee ly Corset covers, muslin... ..._.... 4 1 08 4.32 1517 4 68 1 38 5 52 1°21 4 84 Camisole, silk... LC. Laisa eel uo lr die Sr ee dn ge lane sy adh. nil el Nightdresses ..........cc tunuiinaa 3 198 5 94 1 58 4 74 2 38 6 99 1 96 5 88 Pajamas. tic. oad aa a $2004 a he PIG to felt $2099 1. NL $18 80 ,- Corset (standard make)... ...... 1 6 50 6 50 6 50 4 05 4 05 4 05 5 67 567 5 67 5 41 5 41 5 41 . Stockings— L COLON: ea a sa ea ee Wd boca aac ee lb CL Lae L002 Tastes co deni Loca guialiiie 8 83 6 64 83 6 64 73 5 84 80 6 40 A. OC NCR LL nL 2 145 2 90 9 54 145 2 90 9 54 1 43 2 86 8 70 1 44 2 88 9 28 . oves— Kid/businesst) o_o Toul 2 2 67 5 34 3 50 7 00 3 00 6 00 3 06 6 12 Ridpdress. ooo. oo coon. en ac as Beda ia Ls ONE. aa 600. lh. el 6 12 . Handkerchiefs— Cotton. LLL 10 21 2'10 2 10 26 2 60 2 60 23 2 30 2 30 23 2 30 2 30 Miscellaneous— arasols_. ia Lahn CRE Ge Ce ee bea atl ies BE st pols eli i Se Umbrella. 3 14 4 32 2 16 3 38 1 69 4 33 2 16 4 01 2 00 BE a a iia 14 6 25 3 12 6 25 312 6 25 3 12 6 25 3 12 Searfiwosl Yui 4 6 48 3 24 7 50 375 5 95 2 97 6 64 3 32 Sears IY a ea Re AE Sal. ARLE 8 56. SU aii LL JH 8.25 (li. ao lila LL ol 8 44 . Shoes— Highawhiterl. A Ey ae SE me We Lo ee SE Highblacle___.................... 1 9 00 9 00 9 50 9 50 8 50 8 50 9 00 9 00 Tow, White. oo oleae uiininn sinus 1 5 25 5 25 5 65 5 65 6 06 6 06 5 65 5 65 Howiblack lo. 1 6 25 6. 25 6 69 6 69 7 14 7 14 6 69 6 69 SLE RE RR Re eR Cy | SONG | (IR Tle EE | i | Ne edt EG | RE | ein | BR a | Ls Le DE ADS ee aaa 4 7-13 3 56 7 30 3 65 7 48 3 74 7 30 3 65 Rubbers, storm_doai oo Lau as 14 115 57 114 57 114 57 114 57 PR Hoe. i ocala 14 90 45 25 08 90 45 26 51 90 45 26 46 90 45 26 01 . Upkeep— Loundry $1.25'week.............00 52 wks. 125 65 00 $25 65 00 65 00 125 65 00 Cleaming-and pressing...........c.iof cana, i. 00. T0700: vc J ) 00 1000 iv LE 10 00 Shoes—half sole and heels. ________. 114 175 2.62 1:75 32 2 29 1 68 2 52 Betraheels 0... naan 2 50 100 78 62 35 70 78 32 70 77 99 40 80 78 32 . Incidentals (hair pins, belts, shields, col- lars, cuffs, veils, laces, hair nets, repairs to jewelry, ete)... ica lmao ae 20 00 20 00.1. es ie 20 00 20.00 |... nay 220700 20.00: || o_o 20 00 20 00 Grandtotal. oa. 18000 Fru lana S007 OO Hl eo $a34 BE $308 00 — C1 The following statistics are part of a report published by the U. S. Department of Labor, relative to the changes in cost of living in 19 cities from December, 1914, to September, 1922, and are quoted here as items of general information and interest: TABLE 58. Per cent of increase from December, 1914, to— Item of expenditure. Deec., | Dec., | Dec., | Dec., | June, | Dec., | June, | Dec., | May, |Sept., | Dec., | Mar., | June, | Sept., 1915 | 1916 | 1917 | 1918 | 1919 | 1919 | 192) | 1920 | 1921 | 1921 | 1921 | 19 1922 | 1922 San Francisco and Oakland, Cal. Yoode.. To 14.3 9.6 35.9 66.2 |63.3| 74.2 | 93.9 | 64.9 | 33.3 | 40.6 | 40.4 | 29.6 | 31.1 34.6 Clothing_____ 2.5 | 14.5 | 43.6 [109.0 |134.6 (170.4 [191.0 [175.9 [140.9 [110.1 [106.3 | 97.8 | 90.7 86.1 Housing. ___ 17] 2.5] 4.0; 13.9] 3.5 4.7 9.4 (15.0) 21.7 1:23.6.]:25.84 27.7 | 29.4 30.3 Fuel and light | 1.1 4.6 | 14.4 | 30.1 | 28.9 | 41.3 | 47.2 | 66.3 | 63.3 | 65.3 | 65.3 | 65.3 | 59.5 52.0 Furniture and furnishings | 6.0 | 21.7 | 48.2 |103.4 [116.6 (143.8 [180.1 [175.6 [143.9 (121.7 |113.9 (105.6 [104.4 | 103.8 Miscellaneous_| 11.7 8.3 [28.6 | 50.5 61.0 74.7 79.6 | 8.8 | 8.4 | 87.4 | 86.8] 84.4] 83.7 83.5 Total__| 11.7 | 8.3 | 28.6 | 57.8 | 65.6 | 87.8 | 96.0 | 85.1 | 66.7 | 64.6 | 63.6 | 57.5 | 56.8 | 57.1 Los Angeles, Cal. Food... i... 14.1 .4133.461.8]60.7[71.0790.8)]62.7]33.2]139.3138.4127.5] 30.6 34.0 Clothing __.__ 2.8 | 14.3 | 45.0 (109.1 [123.3 [167.6 [184.5 (166.6 [127.4 | 98.3 | 94.3 | 84.4 | 81.3 78.2 Housing______ 12.7] 2.5 16| 4.4 8.7126.842.6 | 71.4 | 8.3 | 8.0} 90.1 96.0] 95.6 94.4 Fuel and light. 4 2.3110.4 18.3 (18.6 | 35.3 [53.5] 53.5 | 52.7 | 52.7 | 52.7 | 48.4 | 39.1 35.9 Furniture and furnishings | 6.3 | 23.1] 56.4 [118.5 [134.2 [175.5 [202.2 |202.2 [156.6 [148.4 [143.2 |133.7 [128.8 | 128.1 Miscellaneous.| 11.9 7.7 128.9 |52.059.1|76.9 | 86.6 |100.6 | 96.8 | 98.8 | 99.6 [104.0 {103.8 | 102.2 Total ___|i 11.9.) 7.771 28.9 1 53.0 765.1 85.3 (101.7 (196.7 | 78.7 [1.76.8 | 76.41 72.4 | 72.5:} 72.4 ‘Decrease. INDEX. “Census: family’ ‘concent, merits of. ipl Classification of survey__ : Clerk (man, wife, and three children), comparative summary of estimates for (1920 and 1921). Table 11 Clerk (family of five), cost of clothing for (1921)._.____ Tables 33, 34, 35, 36, 37 Clerk (family of five), cost of food for Table 32 Clerk, cost of furniture for (1921) Table 39 Clerk, cost of house operation for (1921) Table 38 Clerk, cost of miscellaneous for (1921) Table 40 Clerk (discussion of food estimate for) Clerk, food and cost for one year for family of Clerk (man, wife and three children), summary showing comparative cost of minimum of health and comfort for (1920 and 1921) ____________ Table 6 Clerks, summary of quantity and cost estimates for, according to size of family CROPS RT) i ao mn ME TGR AN Table 1 Clerk, total estimates for (1921)— Man, wife and three children Table 27 Man, wife and two children _-_Table 28 Man wife andene’child. i=... >... 2.0 cv @ G9 (LE uy Fue Table 29 Husband and wife Table 30 Clerk (man; wife and three children), summary of estimate for 1920, for = galt, Table 31 Clerk (unmarried man), comparative cost of minimum of health and comfort for (1920 and 1921) Table 8 Clerk: (unmarried man), cost. of clothing for (1921). coed Table 54 Clerk (unmarried man) — Potal estimate for (1921). oti dural imate i mm iBlt cta Table 52 Total estimate for (1920)... = Table 53 Clerk (unmarried woman), comparative cost of minimum of health and comfort for C1920 Innd@ 19271) J Ant vte rn dg rR ive Ta BR DBL Cd Table 9 Clerk (unmarried woman), cost of clothing for (1921)... __. __ __._. Table 57 Clerk (unmarried woman )— Moetalestimate for (1921)... .._ 1 0 naan Table 55 Totabk estimate for (1920): coc Cou 2c Chilo nia is Table 56 Clothing, cost of for family of clerk (1921)— Hashand (clerk). aad a ee LL a Table 33 Wife of clerk =. i Ed I io Table 34 Son-of clerk Cagedveleveny. oni sna nai am na naesd Table 35 Daughterioftclerk (aged five). i oo oS TE Table 36 Songiof clerk Caveditwo) 0 oo olan onl Sela SE pal Table 37 Clothing, cost of for family of executive (1921)— Husband (executive) = Table 44 Wife of exeentive_............ Table 45 Sonief executive (aged eleven)... lili Table 46 Daughter of executive (aged five)... cee oa Table 47 Son of executive (aged two) Table 48 Clothing, cost of for family of laborer (1921)— Husband laborer)... "7 = 0 0 le Table 19 Wife of laborer______ i Table 20 Son of laborer (aged eleven) Table 21 Daughter of laborer (aged five) ___ Table 22 Son of laborer (aged two) NE Table 23 Clothing, cost of for nnmarried clerk (man) 1921... .. ofa Table 54 Clothing, cost of for wnmarried clerk (woman) 1921... __ .. Table 57 Clothing (discussion Of)... i co aa oe Clothing (discussion of prices of)... ee Clothing, home-made... . oh oo ner re sei eat Clothing, quantity of... i i ear eee Cost of living, per cent of increase in for San Francisco and Los Angeles, from 1914 to 1922, compiled by U. 8S. Department of Labor... _.____ Dependency statistics of state employees_____ Executive (man, wife, and three children) comparative summary of estimates for 1920 and= 1921 for... ea LE Table 12 Executive, cost of clothing for family of (1921) ________ Tables 44, 45, 46, 47, 48 Executive (discussion of food estimates for)... . <=. = ~~ wg Executive (family of five), cost of food for... . oie oo 0 Table 43 HFxecutive, cost of fnrniture for (T9BY) ..v ean ec iece —m Table 50 Execulive,.cosf of house operationfor (1921)... ____ . .... Table 49 Bxecntive, cost of miscellaneous for (1921)... Table 51 — 75 RKELEY L fing C025903L08 RETURN Government Documents Department TO==mp 350 Main Library 642-2568 ~ LOAN PERIOD 1 3 4 6 ALL BOOKS MAY BE RECALLED AFTER 7 DAYS DUE AS STAMPED BELOW Str ti 1488 deSEzil asl % ure Tom UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY M NO. DD7. 68m. 1/82 BERKELEY, CA 94720 2 S