eé“*., I", §ficgt L. L: ya & ”Mb/1(1- f ' 92¢}: .-‘ QQ$~ awc’ A gm / (.1, 6% (7%} (a. l v pv Lg: \_ZJ , lg PLANTING Deg/cw FOR 94‘ a CITY 1. o 7’ yo'x [60' llawan-d Ewart: Weed {guise-vb: flnhzi‘eci‘, is :-‘ ‘3 in 1'53 :3?» .m P S) m I ; @Ehn finmp firanfiful HE foundation of human happiness centers in the home life of the people. With a beautiful home the professional man or merchant soon forgets the worries of business in the enjoyment of his home surroundings. There is in America a growmg tendency towards the separation of the home and business life, for when one spends eights hours each day with the rush of business, both the body and the mind call for a rest. Modern transporta- tion facilities have enabled the brain worker to takethis rest in the suburbs amid nature’s sur— roundings. Here the “world forgetting, by the world forgot,” we can enjoy life in reality, for here is the one place of earth which is our very own. For however much one may enjoy travel— ing in foreign lands or the pleasant hours spent at an opera, yet with all these “there is no place like home.” But, as “a thing of beauty is a jOy forever,” if one would get the most enjoyment from the home life, one must beautify the home to the fullest pOSsible extent. This is best done by attention to the grounds surrounding the house. For one may have a costly house, elegantly furnished, yet if the surrounding grounds are not planted to nature’s green sward, with flowering shrubs, trees, and flowers in harmony, the home will lack the invite ing, restful, appearance so essential to make it what .it shouldbe. . the house should be the c-enterpof the picture presented to the eye, which a harmonious framework of grass, flowers, and shrubs will bring forth in all its beauty. A S WE drive along (llhnkvrhnarh Wanting an. a city or country an (9pm (flutter Imam roadside W6 P355 many - . homes without any- ' thing attracting our attention. Occasionally, however, we see a home clustered among the trees which has a look of special attractiveness which leads us to comment on the beauty of the place. It may be only a small cottage that forms the center of the picture presented, yet the framework of nature is such as to cause commendation. If we stop to notice what there is about a place of this kind, we will find that some definite plan has been followed in the making of the landscape picture. There is generally an open lawn in the center with groups of flowers and shrubs along the sides with a sky- line of trees. The house rests peacefully amid this scene with a few low growing shrubs and flowers forming a connecting link between the buildings and the lawn. The scene invites us and looks restful to the eye because there is a scene. There is something to look at. In the foreground is nature’s green, in the near distance are the many colored flowers. Just beyond are shrubs, some in' full flower and some hanging with inviting ber- ries. Back of these are groups of trees with here and there a giant oak forming an irregular sky- line. Is it a wonder that we remember the scene —the oasis of the desert? But what of the many places that do, not at- tract our attention? These places often contain more flowers, trees, and shrubs than the attractive places. The whole difference in appearance sim- ply consists in the selection of varieties and the places in which they are planted. Where the home grounds are dotted‘here and there with individual specimens in a sort'of checkerboard fashion, it is impossible to make an attractive place. There is no View. However perfect the l individual specimens may be, when standing by themselves they look like monuments in a grave- yard. Planted in masses they form attractive . groups with varying foliage and flowers. Here the ground can be kept cultivated and free from grass. This method” of planting will leave room for an open lawn even on a small city lot. Na— ture’ s green sward should form the foreground in any landscape picture. WHEN we build a film! Clan 15112 091mm house we do not Emit Kermit? . think of planning it our- ; selves, as few have the V requisite knowledge to form a guide for the builders. We have our own ideas of the kind of house we desire and also know the measure of our pocketbook, and we con- sult an architect with his professional knowledge of such matters in order to get a detailed plan for our building. The result is that we get the kind of house we desire. The money spent for ‘i' the professional services of the architect has been well expended, for the house has been built ac- ; cording to a definite plan at a given cost. But how are the grounds surrounding our V: homes generally planted? Is some definite plan followed? Do we know how the place will look ,4 in after years? Do we know what the planting i will cost? In most cases, NO. It is for this very . reason that ninety per cent of American home grounds are unattractive. Most people do not P @ realize the importance of planting out a place by means of a definite plan. They do not see the , necessity of the professional advice of a land— scape architect. They know an oak when they 9 see it and sometimes a maple, and with this g knowledge they plant out the grounds with much i orlittle, depending upon convenience and the Milk cost of the trees and shrubs. If a neighbor has a surplus of any flowers or shrubs, so vmuch 1the better, and room is made for anything at hand. Is it a wonder then that so many homes are so unattractive? What a wonderful conglomeration of buildings we would have without the advice of the architects? Yet it would be no. worse than the present mixed up mess so commonly seen in the planting of many homes. W, HERE a landscape Eh» Eanhampe Arthitvrt arChiteCt is €m~ ployed in the laying out of the home grounds, a visit to and an inspection of the place is the first requisite. Sometimes only verbal in- structions are needed regarding the planting re- quired, but in most cases measurements are taken and a planting plan of the grounds is later pre- pared. The planting plan is a map of the grounds drawn to a scale, showing thereon just where it is proposed to put plantings of trees, shrubs, and flowers. The list of nursery stock accompanying the plan gives a list of the varieties it is proposed to plant, and the plan shows where each variety is to be placed. By means of the planting plan we can tell in a general way how the place willvlook when planted out, and we are also enabled to estimate the cost of the work.- Where the grounds are not extensive, a good gardener can often do the planting out, but as a rule the landscape archi- tect also supervises the planting. A landscape architect is a protection to his cli- ent in the purchase of the nursery stock, for it is his business to see that the stock is up to the re- quired standard and the varieties are as ordered. The cost of the services of a landscape archi- tect is but little. As a rule the saving in the pur— chase of the nursery stock will more than pay for his services. The cost varies so much with dif- A 6 ferent men and the nature of the work that only a general statement on the subject can be made. A percentage basis is rarely practical. As a rule a definite price is made for a plan and the planting out charged on a per diem basis. The cost will vary with the size of the place and the amount of work and study required in order to bring out its natural beauty. NIOST people have er- Errnnwua 3121235 fireualmt mucous ideas COH‘ cerninglandscapework. Manyconsideradefinite design of the ground unnecessary and thus leave the selection and planting of the trees and shrubs to some local gardener. Others wait until the building is com- pleted and the grading finished before having a planting plan of the grounds prepared. However expert the average gardeners may be in the care of a lawn or the growing of flowers and vegetables, they rarely have the artistictaste or knowledge necessary in the proper laying out of a place. As the preparation of the planting plan is but a part of the work of the landscape architect, the latter should be engaged as soon as the new home is contemplated, for otherwise costly mistakes are apt to result. It is a rare thing for one to build a new home which is absolutely satisfactory when completed. A few suggestions by the landscape architect, taken from his store of knowledge of the mistakes made'by others‘, will prove of great value. Certain it is that the landscape plan should be made as soon as the house plan is completed. _ WHEN landscape firm: Haring nf ifllnmering gardening first fibruha Available began to rank as a profession in America only native shrubs were available for this work. But of more recent years a great va- riety of flowering shrubs have been introduced from all over the world, especially the “flowery kingdom" of Japan. Experimenters are also pro- ducing improved sorts, so that we now have over a hundred excellent varieties which have proved hardy in the vicinity of Chicago. In the seleCtion of varieties lies the true art of landscape garden— ing. Landscape architects do not differ very much as to where trees and shrubs should be planted on a given place. But no two landscape men will agree as to the selection of varieties to be planted. Experience leads to different conclu- sions. Landscape architects differ also in the. number of varieties to be used. Some will use only a dozen varieties on a given place, where others will use fifty. Some will also still use only the native shrubs, supported by the claim that “we do not wish Japan scenery in America.” Personally the writer believes in using a com— paratively large variety of the flowering shrubs. Experience has taught that people take more de- light and interest in their home grounds where they have a variety of flowers. It must be under- stood, however, that no shrubs, should be planted which are not hardy in the locality, and above all we should avoid making a place simply a botanic garden. EVERYONE ad- D 51112 wanting nf lflermniala m i r e 5 flowers. Children delight to gather them. Older persons see in them the handiwork of God, while 3 artists gather inspiration from them. Their artis— tic blending of colors inspires us to admiration for the beauty of nature and we delight to see them in the landscape. If they are properly placed in the planting of the home grounds, they add much to the attractive features of the land- , . scape picture. The place for them is not in the i center of the lawn, but at one side, where they (i mav have a background of shrubbery. . But only the hardy perennials should be used for this purpose. If geraniums or other annuals are wanted for some special purpose or cut flowers, they should be grown in a place by themselves where they can be cultivated, the same as vegetables. The perennials are flowers which once planted are ever present. They die down each autumn only to grow into greater vigor of life the following spring. There are a large va- miety of these perennials from which selections \ can be made, which will give flowers in abund— ance from early spring until frost. Some of the best include Phloxes, Gaillardias,_Paeonies, Py— rethrums, Irises, Delphiniums, Fox—gloves, Pop- pies, Rudbeckias, Sun-flowers, and a host of oth— ers. Some of these should be planted among the surroundings of every home. I N s 0 u t h e r n Europe the formal or geomet- rical style of land- scape architecture is largely used. In England and America the naturalistic effect is mostly preferred. Both styles have their advocates and it is unfortunate that l those who prefer the formal style can see little beauty in the natural style and vice versa. But there is beauty in both. It is possibleto have a place planted in both styles, although great care must be taken in the proper blending of the two. A formal garden should be placed in connection with the house so as to form an outdoor living room, with perhaps a pergola connecting. The style of garden must fit the surroundings harmoniously_ A sunken garden should be a sure'enough sunken garden and not ? Q'mply a garden With elevated sides. READER, if you are inter-: A fierannal ninth ested in the Home Beau- —é—'— tiful, kindly allow the writer a personal word. After four- teen years of professional horticultural work at the Michigan and Mississippi Agricultural Col— ifilnral 115. Natural Eanhampr (fiarhming leges and Cornell University, together with an extensive experience as a landscape architect in New York and Chicago, I desire to offer my services to you in helping to make Your Home Beautiful. Perhaps you have never thought of the ad- visability of expert advice in the planning and planting of your home grounds or think that such advice is only within the reach of the mil— lionaire. Such, however, is not the case, as my terms are extremely reasonable. If you will send the dimensions of your grounds, together with some information as to the extent of improve— ments desired, I can give you the exact cost of a planting plan as well as an approximate estimate of the total cost of any contemplated improve- ments. My work is not confined to any special vicinity and should you wish to investigate references or to inspect work I will furnish a list of city residence grounds, country estates, parks, and cemeteries in your own locality de— signed and developed under my supervision. If you contemplate a new home, a planting plan of the grounds should be prepared before any walks or drives are made, or in fact before the house is located. This will avoidcostly mistakes in the ‘ after treatment of the grounds. It will be a pleasure to plan the grounds of your new residence in order to make your home attractive and ideal. Or if you already have your grounds planted in an unattractiveway, it will be a double pleasure to rearrange your planting so as to enable you to see the “before and after” effects. There IS such a thing as “at. out of doors.” May I show it to you? HOWARD EVARTS WEED. Kircnnh: GA-DCN TI~¢L funnel: 6% r% ‘ (LJ/Jé (s .1” / C/Tr Lor 70’X/GO‘ A6 UCURLLY PLNNT’ED ? m1: ? «RWEE‘EE‘T'M CITY LOT ‘7/1'K\\§ uowmn [was WEED _ MNDSCAPE Mal/EU CHICAGO . 4 ,4!%: _, M. -v~e,,-‘ @ EW PEOPLE @he 1. mrnamcntation rea ize the of the landscape possrb1- QDitg got lities of the city home grounds. It is the purpose of this article to point out some common mistakes in the planting of the average city lot, with some suggestions for the avoidance of these mistakes by the proper grouping of flowers and shrubs. The attractiveness of a home lies not in the house alone. Its surround- ings must be such as to make the house appear as set in among a bit of nature, with flowers, shrubs, and trees in harmony. The green open lawn in the center of the city lot should be the leading feature of the place, with a border line of flowers and shrubs and a skyline of trees. An arrangement of this kind presents a pleas- ing picture to the eye, and if the shrubs are properly grouped an effect of distance is obtained which will make even a small place appear much larger than would otherwise be the case. ‘ HIS is an im- @112 £013 ation 10f portant feature the gauge. upon which much of the beauty of the planting arrangements depend. The house should by all means be located to one side, say six feet from the border. This will leave three feet for a walk and three feet for planting between the house and the boundary line. The object of placing the house at one side of the lot is to leave as much space as possible on the Opposite side, for it is here that we make our view. If the house is placed in the center of the lot there is not room enough on either side for much of a lawn and hence a pretty planting effect cannot be obtained. The front walk and steps should be on the side of the house nearest the lot line and the walk leading around to the back door ' should be as direct as possible. @he ifllanting ( EUITE often too r s a e 0T @reea. many ee 1‘ planted on a small lot, causing the result of. a depleted soil and constant shade so that a beautiful lawn effect cannot be secured. Only a few trees are needed. They should be carefully selected at the nursery to see that each tree is a perfect specimen of its variety. The trees should be of good size when set out, not under three inches in diameter of trunk. It is of course possible to have them‘ much larger than this —any size, in fact. When a tree is planted on a small lot there should be some object in view which we expect to accomplish . Thus we may wish to shade a front porch. to help in the formation of a vista, or an irregular skyline in the distant view. We should have two or three trees near the house both for shade and looks, but the balance should be planted near the borderline, but not in a straight row. We should not plant either trees or shrubs in the center of the lawn. The trees should be of varieties which are of Special beauty in themselves-— " specimen trees” in fact. Some of the varieties for planting on a city lot are the Mountain Ash, Cut-leaved Weeping Birch, Schwedler’s Norway Maple, Betchtel’s Flowering Crab, Parkman’s Crab, Purple- _ leaved Plum, Linden and Elm. Some trees to avoid are the Silver-leaved Maple, Box Elder, Catalpa, Carolina Poplar and Willow. For planting along the street the Elm, Norway Maple, Sugar Maple, Hack- berry and Linden are best. A double row of trees along a sidewalk should be avoided. BUT few evergreens should have a place on the city lot. The dwarf Arbor-vitae, however, such as ,the Globosaand Little Gem, take up but little space and will give a pleasing variety to a place. The spruces can be used only sparingly, the best varie- ties being the Colorado Blue, Concolor, Douglas and Hemlock. Avoid the Norway spruce, as it is apt to lose its lower foliage @nergreena. after a few years, and a spruce without its branches coming close to the ground is unsightly. LL SHRUBS and ”(the warming flowers should of gunfire. be planted in masses of several plants of a variety in a group. They should be planted close enough together so that we do not see the individual plants but the group as a whole. The distance apart will depend upon the ultimate size of each variety. Thus most” of the perennials should be planted a foot apart, while the proper distance for shrubs varies from fifteen inches in the case of the dwarf Spiraea Anthony Waterer to five feet for the Dogwoods. A mistake of too close planting is much better than otherwise, for we can then thin out if necessary. If our means are so limited that we can afford to have but a half-dozen plants, they should all be placed together in a single group rather than to make the common mistake of planting them here and there as indi- vidual specimens in the lawn. Grass and shrubs do not do well together, but when the shrubs are planted in. masses the ground. can be given up to them and no grass allowed underneath. All the care required is an occasional stirring of the top soil in order to retain the moisture and prevent the growth of grass. t‘l F THE reader gmpurtance will study the of a planting design for imitating imam a city 10t 90 by 150 feet, shown on @the next page, some idea can be had of what the proper arrangements for planting should be. Note the location of the house at one side, leaving plenty of room for a good lawn effect. The planting J of shrubs next the residence, especially the group at the front porch, gives the desirable effect of making the house appear as a part of its surroundings, which is an important feature in all landscape work. The planting of the border line with the open lawn in the center gives the effect of distance, and this is much in~ creased by having the planting irregularly extended near the back of the house Thus the whole place does not show from the front, giving the effect of “more beyond!’ It is important that the plants should be properly arranged with the tall growers in the background and the dwarf shrubs ' and flowers in front. Flowers should ”have a background of shrubs. " The perennial flowers are much the best, for with these “once planted always planted.’ ’ They die each autumn only to grow into greater life the following spring. Some of the best of the perennials include the HE WRITER has (19*th articlw published two ifluhligheh. pamphlets similar to this one, entitled _‘ ‘The Home Beautiful” and “The Landscape Architect and His Work,” each contain-c; ing suggestions on outdoor art. If you are interested, they are yours for the asking. But what about a planting plan of the grounds of your home? Would it not interest you to know just how your little place should be planted? “But my lot is only fifty} feet frontage” you say. Then surely you need to know what dwarf shubs and flowers to plant and where to place them in order to producea pleasing effect. If you will send me the dimen- sions of your lot, I will write you as to the small cost of a planting plan. The plan would show you just what is to be planted and the total cost of the whole. .I shall be pleased to talk it over. Yours for Outdoor ‘Art, , HOWARD EVARTS WEED, 1715 Railway Exchange, Chicago. 0 a" mw .937 ’- i at}? manhmapv Arrhimt unit fiia mark AN ADDRESS Given bcfon the Chicago Architectural CIub BY HOWARD EVARTS WEED Landscape Architzct Reprint“! from Th: Inland Architect. March. 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I III,III III,'I'I,II,III‘IIII I ,, ,II,,II,, II 'H‘H' "II’IIIIIIII II,I,III,,IIIIIII‘IIIIIII,IIIIIIIIIIIII,’II,I,I,III,IIIIIII, ,IIII, ‘IIIIIII ,,IIII,III,I IIIIIIII,IIII,I I,,IIIIIIII,IIIIIIII,II,II III IIII I ,III,I,III,I,, ,,I,,,,I II'II ,IIII III ,I'IIIII IIIII I I,,, I 'IH" l I’IIII II II I ,II I I I HIW'IIII ’ H I'IIIIIIIIII" ‘II‘IIII'III'I'II ,‘I’IIIIIIMIIIIIIIII’I,H ‘ 1 MI ,I,,I,II,II,I,II I,I,II,,I,,II,IIIIII III,,,,II|III,II,II, I . I,,,III,I,I,I,II,I I, III,, ‘ ‘I I,I‘III, I IIIII,, I I v‘ I, ! 2:9 7Q 6111» ifianhsmpe Arrhitrtt anh fits with A NEW PROFESSION. Landscape gardening is a comparatively new profession, which may be said to have had its birth in America with the formation of Central Park in New York City. In the growth of the Metropolis a large tract of land situated in what was then the upper portion of the city was given for the formation of a public park, largely owing to the fact that the land Was so rocky that build- ing operations were considered too costly. No one unfamiliar with the detailed history of this now world famous park can realize the enormity of the task so successfully carried out by the late Frederick Law Olmstead. This park is the pleasure resort of thousands annually and with many of these persons it is the only touch of nature which they ever see. The Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia marked a -step for- ward in the development of landscape art, and it was here for the first time that the public saw what results could be obtained when flowers, shrubs and trees are blended in harmony. In the years following the Centennial consider-— able interest was, taken in gardening in the eastern states, more especially in the vicinity of Boston, where a series of public parks was estab- lished. But it remained for the World’s Fair of 1893 to awaken the people of the west to the fact that there existed such a thing as outdoor art. What visitor does not remember with pleasure the delights of the gracefully curved walks and drives of the White City, the touch of wildness of the wooded island, or the blending of the formal exposition buildings with their sur- roundings? These features of the Exposition remain in memory long after the exhibits have been forgotten. PRESENT AND FUTURE INTEREST. We thus see that it is only in the past few years that much general interest has been taken in landscape gardening. Now, however, the pub- lic are taking more interest in things of beauty and works of art. Examples of good landscape (art have called attention to the artistic efi'ects which may be produced by the flowering shrubs But the present interest has only begun. As the country becomes older greater wealth enables the establishment of country estates developed by special artists who devote their lives to the study of flowers, shrubs and trees, and how they can best be placed in their relations to each other and their surroundings to make an harmonious and eifective landscape. The beauty and attractiveness of a home lies not alone in the house, for however beautiful or costly this feature may be, it cannot be con- sidered alone, but as a part of its surroundings. A framework of flowers, shrubs and trees is needed in order to blend the whole in harmony. It will pay anyone contemplating the planting of even a few trees and shrubs to employ a land- scape architect for this work. He will then be reasonably sure of a good job well done, and as the landscape architect obtains wholesale rates on the purchase of nursery stock, this saving alone will generally more than pay for his services. At the present time no one thinks of building a house without engaging an architect to draw a plan of’ the building and supervise its construc- tion. Yet it is only in recent years that this has been done. But in the future the importance of a planting plan of the surrounding grounds will be recognized just as surely as the importance of a building plan is recognized today. AN EXPERT NEEDED. At first thought it may seem an easy matter to plant out the grounds surrounding a building to trees and shrubs. And so it is. A child can place the roots of a flower or shrub in the ground and have it grow. In the same manner it is an .1, av V easy matter to hang works of art upon the walls of an exhibit. room. The paintings being at hand. with the proper number of hooks in the wall, all that is needed is a step ladder and a helper to hand up the works of art and the job is soon over. I have never seen an art exhibit arranged in this way, so do, not know how it would look. But I notice that at every art exhibit a commit- tee of connoisseurs is appointed to properly ar- range the exhibit. It seems that some paintings show up best with a.certain amount of light, oth- ers with the light coming from a certain direc- tion, and so on. Upon this account the hanging committee will spend days and even weeks in considering the proper placing upon the wall of a few paintings. , If all this trouble is important in the placing of a few landscape PICTURES in order to please the eye for the passing moment, how much more important is the placing of the individual speci- . mens of nature in the making of landscape. Here we deal with the real things, the creation and representation of God, and not simply with a few colors put upon a canvas by man in imitation of nature. We are also making an arrangement, not for the passing moment, but practically for all time. Some flowers and shrubs do their best in shady and others in sunny places; some will not grow at all in a sandy soil; while others will succeed only with wet feet. A knowledge and appreciation of all these facts is necessary for the successful arrangement of the details of out- door art. As the public comes to know these facts, there is an increasing demand for the serv- ices of the landscape architect. TRAINING NECESSARY. The work of the landscape architect is very complex. To make it a success one must first love outdoor work. He must have an eye for the artistic in nature, for landscape gardening con- sists in the making of new scenery along natural and artistic lines. Nature is the great example from which we copy. He should have a scientific education wherein general agriculture, horticul- ture, entomology and soil physics are the leading subjects. In his college course he should also receive particular instruction in surveying, me- chanical and free-hand drawing. After complet- ing a college course of this character, the future landscape architect should spend one or two years at some large nursery where ornamentals are made a specialty in order that he may become familiar with the 7 leading flowers and shrubs used in the landscape work. He should then spend a full year as an undergardener upon a country estate or at a botanic garden. Here he will receive practical training in the care and management of such places, in pruning, spraying, the management of greenhouses, the care of pot- ted plants, and the thousand and one other les- sons in this line which only experience can teach. Then after two years’ association with a good landscape architect, where experience may be had in the making of the planting plans and the planting out from his own plans, the young land- scape architeet may fairly hope to make a suc- cess of his chosen profession. One engaged in this work, however, must not lag. Each new job is a new problem unlike any he has ever had before. There can be no dupli- cation. The planting arrangement which will make one place beautiful will produce anything but a pleasing en‘ect upon another. The circum- stances of soil, climatic conditions and surround- ings all require study in order to obtain best results. New varieties of plants are being con- stantly introduced and one must know these thoroughly in order to make use of any which prove hardy and acceptable. THE VARIED WORK DONE. There is a general lack of knowledge as to what constitutes the work of a landscape architect. In order to moro fully iilustrate just what this work is, let us take an actual case now in hand and trace the various steps in the development of a country estate. Some days ago I received a call from a gentle- man who stated that he had heard of me through a friend. He stated that he had eighty acres of land twenty miles west 01 Chicago which he de- sired to make into a farm with a ten-acre apple orchard, and upon which he expected to live him. self for nine months of the year. He inquired as to my methods of business and terms, past work and experience, and engaged me to make the plans and develop his estate. With this cli- ent, I visited the place and selected the proper location for the house, the farm cottage, barn, garden and orchard. Upon one side and near the front of the farm occurs a low, marshy place, and here I advised the formation of an artificial lake. From a topographical survey I have now pre- pared a planting plan of the whole place, show- ing the location of the building, walks and drives, orchard, kitchen garden, lake, trees and shrub- bery. The apple orchard, trees, evergreens and most of the shrubs will be planted out in the next few weeks. During the coming summer the walks and drives will be laid out, the artificial lake formed, and the house and other buildings erected. Next fall the planting around the build- ings and the lake will be put out, so that when the house is occupied a year hence, the trees and shrubs will have been planted long enough to give the whole a reasonably home-like appearance. CHARGE FOR SERVICES. Landscape architects difl'er so widely in the charge made for their services that only a gen- eral statement on this subject can be made. Some work on a percentage and others on a per diem basis. The charge, however will vary according to the amount of study necessary in the develop- ment of each place. The charge for the planting plan is usually a stated sum, depending upon the amount of field work necessary in the loca- tion of the existing trees and shrubbery. The charge for the plan, however, is often at a given amount per acre. Occasionally the work of the landscape archi- tect may end with the making of the planting plan, but in most cases he also supervises the ance of “ more beyond." Except in extreme for- mal gardening a building should have a few shrubs planted close against its foundations in order to make it appear as a part of its surround— . ings. On residence grounds especially it is im-‘ portant that a few shrubs be planted just next 5 to the front porch. The varieties to be used will ; depend upon the height of the porch. AFTER SUPERVISION. { ‘3 It should be understood that an attractive land- : scape cannot be made in a day. It must be a : thing of growth. It takes time for the flowers. ‘ shrubs and trees to become full grown and attain ‘ their full perfection. It is thus important that the landscape architect should supervise the after- care of a place. He will then notice spots which need a rounding out of the masses of shrubbery or places wherein the planting of a few addi- tional flowers will bring a color scheme into per- fect harmony. He can then also see that the trees and shrubs are properly pruned to remove dead wood or to keep the flowering shrubs in a . young and vigorous growth that they may pro- " duce a maximum of flowers. Insects and plant » diseases at times play havoc with some plants, and if the landscape architect has a place under . supervision, he can give the gardener instructions ' as to how to prevent these enemies. l x - \ / ~ , / . K, ‘H “F, 2 / \mw . ’\ , \ \ \ ' — .J“ ,. a \ p. i STEREOPTICON IMPROVEMENT LECTURES HOWARD EVARTS WEED LANDSCAPE ARCHITECT PORTLAND, OREGON ‘ Elntrnhmfinu The following lectures are all illustrated by stereopticon views appropriate to each subject. Many of these illustrations show the “before and after" eifects, each view being designed to bring out some instructive point to show the how and why of the subject in hand. Each lecture is both entertaining and instructive, the talk being largely explanatory as the slides are being shown. Mr. Weed furnishes his own stereopti- con and screen. The lecture hall must be elec- tric lighted. Improvement Associations, Commercial Clubs, Park Commissioners, Chautauquas, Women’s Clubs, and Civic Organizations generally inter- ested in the upbuilding of their town should arrange for these lectures, or at least one of them. Taken together they form a series cov ering the entire field of civic and home improve» ment. Very few of our American cities but need an awakened civic pride. These lectures not only awaken interest in civic and home adornment, but they tell how to accomplish results. As the lectures are given for but little more than expenses, it will pay all parties interested in the welfare of their locality to arrange for at least one of them. Any of these lectures are appropriate for a Sunday evening church service. For terms and dates address HOWARD EVARTS WEED PORTLAND, ORE. “ war» Erautiful ermrtrrira ” An interesting talk upon a neglected subject. In this lecture Mr. Weed gives details as to what constitutes a modern park cemetery and indicates changes for future improvements. He discourages the use of monuments, showing how by doing away with fences, footstones, copings and the placing of the headstones even with the ground, we make a most delightful restful burial spot. Such a cemetery is easily cared for and makes a place 'of great beauty compared with the old style graveyard with its innumerable un- sightly stones. Details are given for the im- provement of the cemeteries in the locality in which the lecture is given. “Flowers on the coffin cast no fragrance backward over the weary journey of life and expensive tombstones do not aid the soul in its flight through eternity.” Illustrated by fifty slides showing the con- trast between the old and the new, between neglect and beauty. “ Erna, S’hmha anh ifilnmrra” Details as to their uses, culture and varieties. This is a lecture on practical gardening opera» tions, showing the beauties of outdoor art, what nature has done for man and how, by co-opera- tion with nature, we can get more pleasure out of life. The fifty illustrations show how to prune trees and shrubs and how to make use of cement in filling cavities in tree trunks. How and where to plant to accomplish given results. Details as to the best selection of varieties for special purposes. 15mm anmmrnta The talk was the most practical for this local— ity of any ever given here—Chattanooga News. Mr. Weed is a good speaker and his address was delivered in a pleasing, breezy, but earnest manner. The audience, over—enthused, seemed loath to leave the hall. Many remained to a late hour discussing how they could make their homes look better.——Battle Creek Inquirer. A half hour before the lecture the court house was crowded beyond its capacity, and fully two hundred people were turned away.—Gadsden (Ala.) Times—News. A rising vote of thanks was given Mr. Weed for the inspiration and enthusiasm which re- sulted from his lecture.—Michigan State Repub— lican. Mr. Weed is a great advocate of playgrounds for children and brought out the fact that “the tramp of today is the idle child of yesterday.” He declared that a spirit of civic pride can be developed in the youth that will transform dirty and filthy back yards into garden spots.—Man- itowoc News. Mr. Weed closed his interesting talk with a review of Salem’s needs that she may be made a. more beautiful city. His emphasis that the goal of a more beautiful Salem is not so much a question of cost as it is a question of determina- tion is worth remembering—Salem (0.) News. ‘ «.«vw-rA ‘x . i x i 4 g _. a r , The distinguished speaker closed with a strong advocacy of children’s playgrounds and of utiliz- ing the back yards as gardens for the little ones. He outlined a plan by which a city back yard may be made attractive at the reduced cost of 65 cents.—Daily Oklahoman. It was an inspiring talk, given before a large gathering of Hamilton’s best citizens. The lec— ture was descriptive of the manner of beautify- ing a city, .lpon which subject Mr. Weed is an authority--—Hamilton (0.) Journal. Mr. Weed is an eloquent speaker and his lec~ ture was one of interest and helpfulness from beginning to end. The Commercial Club and the Civic Improvement League feel very grate— ful to him for the inspiration aud enthusiasm which resulted from his lecture.-—-Kalamazoo Telegraph. It was undoubtedly the finest lecture ever heard in Galt. Mr. Weed is a fluent and elo- quent speaker. He brings out many new points and drives them home with convincing state— ments.—Galt (Ont.) Reporter. If the suggestions contained in this lecture were taken up and carried out by the citizens of Sherman, one could safely predict an increase of thousands in the population of the town in a few years, and a corresponding rise in the value of real estate.——Sherman (Texas) Democrat. The occasion was the twentieth annual ban- quet of the Canton Board of Trade. Canton was shown in its ugliness, in the hope and belief that such views would ultimately result in beautifying the city and in removing the eye- sores.—Canton Morning News. “ Uh» N292! nf Harlan anti QIhiIhrm’a filaygrnunha ” This leccure points out the object of parks as the great recreation places of the people. De— tails as to their location, planning, planting and management are given. The need of children’s playgrounds as an integral part of an educational system is shown, bringing out the idea that “the busy children of today make the ‘busyness’ men and women of tomorrow,” and in a similar way that “the tramps of today are the idle children of yesterday.” The lecture is illustrated by fifty slides of parks and children’s playgrounds. “€th @rnamwtafinn nf the Glitg flint” Only a few people are interested in the country homes of the rich, but all are inter- ested in making the small city lot to appear to the best advantage. In this lecture details are given as to the placing of the house upon the lot, best arrangements for the walks, trees, shrubs and flowers. The lecture also shows how and What to plant for various locations upon the lot, how to make the house appear to the best advantage, how to arrange the shrubs so as to make the lot look as large as possible and the necessity for green grass as the central portion of a little lawn. Illustrated with fifty slides from photographs and plans. “ A Mute Krautit‘ul Amrrira An inspiring talk upon a grand subject in which all good citizens are interested. Every town and city needs this lecture. It will help build up civic pride, create an interest in clean ». ‘ streets and more beautiful homes. New im- provement associations get their start from this lecture and old ones are given new life. The pictures show what is being accomplished in various localities in making the conditions in which we live more enjoyable and Earth a Heaven here and now. As the slides are thrown upon the screen, Mr. Weed skips rapidly from subject to subject, discussing railway gardening, public parks, children’s playgrounds, modern park cemeter- ies, children’s flower and vegetable gardens, the work of improvement associations, billboards, improvements to city and country homes, and in many cases showing the “before and after” effects. At the close of the lecture the local ap- plication of these subjects is mentioned, bring- ing out the particular needs of the locality in which the lecture is given. Illustrated by over 100 stereopticon views, forming an instructive entertainment of two hours duration. If you can have but one lec- ture in your locality, by all means have this one. It will help to make your town the CITY BEAUTIFUL. To give the lecture more local color, it is sug- T gested that .the title be announced as “ A More Beautiful ,” giving the name of the city in which the lecture is to be given. ' $11913: WeedagaVe on‘ejof the‘b‘est talks 0h“ClYlL ' improvement that has been given" in 'Bay City for a long time. After the address was ended, Rev. A. Watkins arose and, in an appropriat .. speech, called for a vote of thanks for Mr. Weeé‘ , which was given with a will.—Bay City Times. That nature can do much for man’s peace ox? mind, is a theory strongly implanted in Mr. Weed and an evening spent with him sows the. seed of a. like belief in his hearers. That mar:- can do much for nature, so far as bringing it ts: his needs, by the application of common sensr and artistic judgment, was clearly shown.— Tulsa (OIL) World. Mr. Weed is a man thoroughly imbued wit? his subject, and made many telling points whic' were emphasized by the fine stereopticon view. showing vividly the contrast between tasty, we} kept grounds and those that had been neglectec~ ——Harriman (Tenn.) Record. While the pictures were being shown, Mt; Weed kept up a running fire of comment thert on, which proved very entertaining and instrut tive and held the attention of the audienci. closely.—Beaumont Enterprise. Progressive Union Hall was crowded and M Weed’s lecture was closely followed and prove" not only interesting but instructive. By a so of “before and after” pictures, he showed th' wonderful improvements had been made at m ridiculously small cost—New Orleans Picayune “pf—v 7 “g—v M‘ The different civic organizations and cii __ fathers could have learned some valuable lea-3"“ sons last night. Mr. Weed is a pleasant talk-:31? and knows how to give information to his auxin ience.——Waco Times-Herald. . "fl“- W.-