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 THE 
 
 HISTOM OF HAVERHILL 
 
 
 fv1ASSACHUSE-r-rs, 
 
 PROM ITS FIRST SETTLEMENT, IN 1640, 
 
 rrO TIEIE -S-S-A.!?, 18GO, 
 
 EY OEOKGE WING ATE CHASE, 
 
 Member of the New England Historic Genealogical Society; Cor. Afeni. of the 'Wisconsia Ilistorical 
 Society ; Author of a Digest of Miuonic Law, ic. 
 
 Ilome of ray fatliers ! * * * * 
 <) never may a sou of thine, — 
 Wtiere'er tils wamlcrin'^ steps incline, — 
 Fnrfjet the sky that ln'nt al>ove 
 ilis boyhood, like a dream of hne. 
 
 — WuilTlEB. 
 
 iiAvr.rvinLL : 
 PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHOR. 
 
 1861 
 
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1861, by 
 
 GEORGE WINGATE CHASE, 
 
 in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the District of Massachusetts. 
 
 8 TONE <fc nUSE, 
 
 BOOK PKINTER8, 
 
 21 Central St., Lowell, Mass. 
 
'^f = 
 
PPtjSF-A.CE. 
 
 The earaest and frequent demand for a new History of Ilaverhilt, 
 induced the compiler of the following pages to enter upon the task of ita 
 preparation, and in February, (12th) 1859, public notice to that effect 
 was "iven through the columns of the local j^ress. The original design was 
 to include the history of the town from its first settlement, in lG-10, to 
 January, ISGO, in one octavo volume, of about five hundred pages; but 
 twelve months of almost constant application to the work, revealed such 
 a mass of valuable and interesting material, that a proposition was made 
 to the town, at its annual ^March meeting, in 18G0 — 
 
 '• To see if the town will make an appropriation toward the publication 
 of a History of the town, and if so, how much, as requested by Geo. "\V. 
 Chase." 
 
 The i)roposition met with a most hearty approval, as may be seen from 
 the following extract from the town records : — 
 
 " It was tutainiHoiislij voted. That the sum of five hundred dollars be 
 appropriated and paid to Geo. W. Chase toward a publication of a History 
 of this town, said money to be paid at times and in sums at the discretion of 
 the selectmen ; — jtrovided, that not more than one hundred dollars shall 
 l»e paid until five hundred pages of tlie projiosed History is printed; and 
 provided also, that the price of the book, iu good substantial liindiug, 
 shall not exceed two dollars per copy." 
 
 Encouraged l)y this generous aid, given, as it was, with entire unanimity, 
 tlie work was puslied fonvard with all possible despatch ; and, early in the 
 fuUuwiug Hccember, the first jiuges went to press. Various causes have 
 
rendered the work of printing much more protracted than was expected^ 
 or could have been foreseen, but it is believed that the value of the book 
 has been increased rather than diminished, through the corrections and 
 numerous additions permitted by the d elay. 
 
 In the preparation of this History of his native town, the compiler has 
 endeavored to collect his material from the most reliable sources, and, in 
 nearly every case where practicable, has Tccorded the facts in the exact 
 language in which they were found, or ■n-crc received. It has been his 
 endeavor that each and every "quotation" introduced may be safely 
 relied upon as literally correct, believing that thereby not only will the 
 reader's interest in no wise be diminished, but the historical value of 
 the work will be greatly increased. 
 
 In many instances, particularly during the earlier years of our history, 
 minor incidents and matters are mentioned. 'J'his has been done cither to 
 illustrate the manners, customs, ka., of the oarly inhabitants, or for the 
 purpose of iutroducing the names of persons in town, rather than for any 
 interest or value in the incidents themselves. The frequent introduction 
 of lists of names, has, in many instances, been intended as an aid to those 
 particularly interested in genealogy, rather than as items of interest to the 
 general reader. 
 
 In a work like the present, where so much dependence is of necessity 
 placed upon traditions, — often vague and indistinct, or confused and 
 conflicting, — and abounding in names, dates, and Cgui'os, it is hardly 
 possible to avoiil errors. It is hoj)cd and believed, however, that the 
 following pages will compare favorably in this respect with other similar 
 works ; — more or less than this could not \s'c\\ be expected. 
 
 As it was impossible to include within the limits of a single volume all 
 that might be classed as local hisLury, or of local interest ; and as the 
 general history of the town, fur the last half a century, is already 
 comparatively well preserved by tlic local newspapers, as well as by living 
 memories; less space has been dcvutcd to the latter period than might, 
 perhaps, be considered as its just jiroportion. A desire to preserve the 
 traditions and incidents fast rcccdljig from our sight in the dim twilight 
 
of ihe past, must plead our excuse, if excuse be necessary, for this seeming 
 partiality for matters relating to "ye olden time." 
 
 In the preparation of this work, a large amount of valuable and 
 interesting material has been gathered, ^yhich could not well be used. 
 This will be carefully preserved, and every opportunity to add to the 
 stock will be as carefully improved. Its ultimate disposal cannot now be 
 indicated with any degree of certaint}'. 
 
 To name the many who have directly or indirectly aided the compiler 
 in hi^ labors, would greatly exceed the space allowed for the present 
 purpose. To one and all of them, we would return our hearty 
 acknowledgments. We cannot, I'owever, forbear to mention, specially, — 
 Hon. James H. Duncan, fox his active exertions in securing the above 
 mentioned appropriation by the town in our favor, and for his many other 
 acts of kindness and liberality; George Johnson, Esq., of Bradford, for 
 his generous donation of fifty dollars for the same purpose; Benjamin 
 Bradle}', Esq., of Boston, for his proposal to bind one hundred copies of 
 the book, gratuitously ; A. W. Thayer, Es(p, of Xorthampton, John 
 l)artlett, Esq., of Boxbury, and Bcv. Gr. W. Kelley, of this town, for 
 special favors ; and ilr. Alfred Boor, of this town, (who has for several 
 years devoted his whole time and attention to genealogy) for much 
 valuable assistance. 
 
 AN ith tlic hope that the book, — to the preparation of which so many 
 pleasant hours have been devoted, — will be kindly received, this Ilistorij 
 of Ilaccrldll is now submitted to the public. 
 
 .^lou.NT Washington, Haverhill, ) 
 
 September 1,1861. j -^^^ ' ^- 
 
LIST OE ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 View of Haverhill in 1820 .Frontispiece^ 
 
 Map op Hayeruill 16 
 
 Fac-Simile of Indian Deed 4G 
 
 Kesidence of Charles Corli::3 60 
 
 First Meeting-House 67 
 
 First Plan of the Town : lO-i 
 
 Map of Hayeruill and Adjacent To"\s'N3 105 
 
 Second Meeting-House 177 
 
 Plan of Massacuusetis Claim vs. N. H 287 
 
 " " New Hampshire Claim vs. Mass 292 
 
 " " Haverhill and Londonderry 290 
 
 Floating Islands 4G2 
 
 PORTI! 
 
 AIT OF IIev. Henry Plvmmer GOG 
 
 " Hon. Bailey Baktlett 618 
 
 " " Israel Bartlett G20 
 
 " '* Samuel Blodoett 621 
 
 *♦ James H. Duncan 628 
 
 •' Capt. Nehemiaii Emerson G30 
 
 " Dr. Eufus Longley 636 
 
 " David Marsu, E^jq., 638 
 
 " Hon, Leonard White 650 
 
COjSrTEjSTTS. 
 
 Page. 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 Early YoYAaEs — Discovery of Massachusetts • • • • 17 
 
 CHAPTEli II. 
 History op Puritanism — The Pilgrims 23 
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 Settlements in Massachusetts, from 1C20 to 1640 27 
 
 CHAPTER lY. 
 Aboriginal Inhabitants 30 
 
 CHAPTER Y. 
 Settlement or Hateriiill, 1 G40 35 
 
 CHAPTER YI. 
 Erom 1G43 TO 1G49 55 
 
 CHAPTER YIL 
 Erom 1G50 to 1G59 70 
 
 CHAPTER YIII. 
 Erom IGCO to 1G69 91 
 
 CHAPTER IX. 
 Erom 1G70 to 1G75. 113 
 
 CHAPTER X. 
 Indian Troubles — 1G75 to 1G7.S 123 
 
 CHAPTER XL 
 Erom 1G75 to 1GS3 130 
 
 CHAPTER XIL 
 Indian Troubles — 1G88 to 1G95 113 
 
 CHAPTER XIII. 
 Erom 1G95 to 1700 179 
 
 CHAPTl.R XIY. 
 Indian Troubles — 1700 to 1710 201 
 
Tin 
 
 CHAPTEE XV. 
 From 1710 to 1722 234 
 
 CHAPTEE XYL 
 Lndian Troubles — 1713 to 1725 260 
 
 CHAPTEE XVIL 
 From 1720 to 1723 265 
 
 CHAPTEE XYIIL 
 The Boundary Difficulties of 1720 to 1759 286 
 
 CHAPTEE XIX. 
 From 1720 to 17il 302 
 
 CHAPTEE XX. 
 From 1742 to 17G5 320 
 
 CHAPTEE XXL 
 The French War — 1756 to 17G3. 340 
 
 CHAPTEE XXIL 
 The Eevolution — 1765 to 1783 362 
 
 CHAPTEE XXIII 
 From 1765 to 1790 426 
 
 CHAPTEE XXIY. 
 From 1790 to IftOO 450 
 
 CHAPTEE XXY. 
 From 1800 to 1815 471 
 
 CHAPTEE XXYL 
 From 1815 to 1840 490 
 
 CHAPTEE XXYII. 
 From 1840 to 18G0 513 
 
 CHAPTEE XXYin. 
 Manufacture of Shoes and Hats — iMruovuMEXTS 532 
 
 CHAPTEE XXIX. 
 Ecclesiastical History 547 
 
 CHAPTEE XXX. 
 Biography and Gen'ealogy 615 
 
 CHAPTER XXXL 
 Miscellaneous 652 
 
INTHODUOTION. 
 
 The town of Haverhill, Essex County, Massachusetts, is situated on the 
 northerly side of the Merrimack, — the fourth in size, hut perhaps the most 
 beautiful river in Xew England, — about eighteen miles from its mouth. 
 The principal village is twenty-nine miles from Boston, tWenty-two from 
 Salem, fourteen from Newburyport, eighteen from Lowell, nine from 
 Lawrence, and thirty from Portsmouth, N. H. The town is bounded on 
 the north by Salem, Atkinson, and Plaistow, N. H. ; on the east by Ames- 
 bury ; on the south by the Merrimack river ; and on the west by Methuen. 
 The northern line of the town is also the boundary line between the States 
 of Massachusetts and New Hampshire. The township, as originally pur- 
 chased of the Indians, was fourteen miles in length, — six miles from the 
 Little Eiver eastward, and eight miles from the same river westward, — 
 and six miles in breadth. As first laid out by the General Court, in 1667, 
 it was nearly in the form of a triangle, extending upon the Merrimack 
 about fifteen miles from Holt's Eocks westward, the northerly line running 
 about the same distance due north-west from the above point, and the 
 westerly line running due north and south. As thus laid out, the town 
 included a large portion of the territory now forming the townships of 
 Salem, Atkinson, Hampstead, and Plaistow, N. H., and Methuen, Mass. 
 Since th* running of the State line, in 1741, the bounds of the town have 
 been the same as at present. 
 
 The township is now about nine miles in length, and three miles in 
 breadth, and 'contains fifteen thousand two hundred acres, divided nearly 
 as follows: acres of land annually tilled, excluding orchards tilled, one 
 thousand and eighty-six ; acres of orcharding of all kinds of fruits, three 
 hundred and fifty-one; acres of upland mowing, excluding orcharding 
 mowed, three thousand two hundred and twenty-six ; acres of orcharding 
 mowed, two hundred and eighty-nine ; acres of fresh meadow, five hundred 
 and thirteen ; acres of pasture-land, excluding orcharding pastured, six 
 thousand one hundred and forty-sevQp ; acres of meadow, exclusive of 
 pasture land inclosed, two thousand three hundred and forty-nine ; acres 
 
of unimproved land, forty-three ; acres of land unimprovable, thirteen ; 
 acres of land used for roads, five hundred and twenty-eight ; acres of land 
 covered with water, one thousand one hundred and seven. 
 
 The soil is, generally, a rich friable loam, easily cultivated, and highly 
 productive. But few towns can show so small a number of acres of unim- 
 provable land, or of land of decidedly inferior quality. Many of the 
 farms are under a high state of cultivation, and will compare favorably 
 with those of any other town in the Commonwealth. In an agricultural 
 point of view, but few, if any, towns in the State, surpass this, either in 
 regard to its capacity, or the developement of its resources. 
 
 Besides the Merrimack, which is included in the town, and which forms 
 the entire southern bound of the town, there are three smaller streams, 
 viz : Little Eiver, East Meadow Eiver, and Creek Brook. Little River, 
 so called to distinguish it from the " Great Eiver," has its principal source 
 in Plaistow, N. H., enters Haverhill a little east of the Atkinson line, and 
 flows nearly south, to the Merrimack, emptying into the latter at the 
 principal village, and one-fourth of a mile west of the Haverhill bridge. 
 This stream has several tributaries, the principal one of which is known 
 as Fishing Eiver, taking its rise from the north-western extremity of 
 Kenoza Lake, and flowing at first northerly into Plaistow, then gradually 
 bending to the south-west, and entering the Little Eiver about one and a 
 half miles from its mouth. There are several mills upon Little river, the 
 largest of which is the flannel mill, long known as " Hale's Factory," and 
 located on AYinter street, about one-fourth of a mile from the mouth of the 
 river. Upon the opposite side of the stream at this place, there was, for 
 nearly two hundred years, a saw-mill, and the stream was most commonly 
 known as " Sawmill Eiver." The last mill of the kind was taken down 
 about twenty years since. About midway between this point and the 
 Merrimack, and near the small island, there was for many years, a grist- 
 mill, which also ceased operations about twenty years since. There is 
 also a grist-mill on the stream, near the State line, which has been known 
 these many years as " Clark's mill." A mill has been constantly located 
 at this place for at least one hundred and fifty years. 
 
 Fishing River, — so named on account of the large quantities of ale- 
 wives taken from it in former times, — is now used principally to conduct 
 the surplus water of Kenoza Lake to the flannel factory, in the dry season. 
 This privilege was granted to Mr. Ezekiel Hale, jr., in 1835, who there- 
 upon erected a flume at the outlet of the Lake, and deepened the bed of 
 the 'stream, so that about six feet of water can now be easily drawn, as 
 occasion may require. There was formerly, and for many years, a corn 
 
mill upon this stream, situated about half a mile from its mouth. The 
 first mill of the kind at that place, was erected by William Starlin, who 
 subsequently sold it to Thomas Duston, from whom it descended to his 
 son, Timothy Duston. 
 
 £ast Meadow River takes its rise in Newton, N. H., enters Haverhill 
 about three-fourths of aj,mile east of Brandy Brow Hill, and flows nearly 
 due south, to the Merrimack, emptying into the latter at "Cottle's Creek," 
 — one mile below the Chain Ferry. There has long been a saw-mill and 
 a grist-mill upon this stream, near the Amesbury line, known as "Peas- 
 lee's Mills." The first mill at this place was erected by Joseph Peasly, in 
 1693, since which time the privilege has been almost, or quite, constantly 
 in the possession of his descendants. There was formerly a saw-mill, grist- 
 mill, and fulling-mill, about half a mile from the mouth of the stream. 
 These were built by Anthony Chase (great-grandfather of the writer) , — 
 the first in 1757, and the others a few years later, — and continued in 
 operation for many years. There is also a grist-mill about one-fourth of a 
 mile from the Merrimack, — known as "Johnson's mill," — which was 
 first built by Thomas Johnson, about 1790, or later. There was formerly 
 a fulling-mill about one mile above the mills of Anthony Chase, which 
 was erected by his son, John Chase, who carried on the business for many 
 yeaiu 
 
 Creek Brook, which runs from Creek Pond nearly due south to the 
 Merrimack, carries two mills. The first, which is located at the outlet of 
 the pond, was long operated as a grist-mill, but has recently been trans- 
 formed into a hat factory. The other, — known these many years as 
 "Bradley's Mill," — is a grist mill, and is located about fifty rods from 
 the Merrimack. 
 
 There are four ponds in the town, three of them situated within a mile 
 of the principal village, and within half a mile of each other. 
 
 Plug Pond, — formerly called " Ayer's Pond," from the fact that several 
 persons of that name settled near its western end, and owned a large part 
 of the adjoining land, — is the smallest of the four, and is situated about 
 half a mile from the Merrimack, in a north-easterly direction from the 
 village. It covers an area of about seventy acres. At its northern, south- 
 ern, and western extremities, particularly the latter, the bottom is mostly 
 covered with mud, which will perhaps account for its moderate stock of 
 fish, as well as for the greenish and unpleasant appearance of its water 
 during the latter part of the summer. At its southern point a dam, or 
 " plug," has long existed, through which its surplus water is drawn to 
 supply the mills on the brook connecting it with the Merrimack. Upon 
 
Xll 
 
 this stream, known as " Mill Brook," tliere is at the present time a plaster- 
 mill, a grist-mill, a bark-mill, and a hat factory, with a YOi'iety of other 
 machinery attached. Near its mouth is also located a steam saw-milL 
 The first corn-mill in the town was erected upon this stream, as was also 
 the first tannery, and fulling-mill. In its passage from the pond to the 
 river, the water of this brook can be used for mill purposes at least five 
 times, though we believe that four times is the most ever yet required 
 of it. 
 
 Bound Pond is situated about one mile north of the Haverhill Bridge, 
 and about half a mile north-westerly from Plug Pond. It covers an area 
 of about eighty acres, and was formerly called "Belknap's Pond," and 
 also " Little's Pond," from persons of that name who lived near it. With 
 the exception of one small cove at its north-western extremity, the shores 
 of this beautiful sheet of water are entirely free from mud, and show its 
 bottom to be a clean gravel. There is not a single living stream, large or 
 small, seeking outlet into the pond, but it is, with the exception of what 
 water may be turned into it from the gently sloping hills surrounding it, 
 entirely supplied by subterranean springs. From this pond, by means of 
 an acqueduct, the central village is mostly supplied with pure, cold, soft 
 water, for domestic purposes. The water in the pond is about one hundred 
 and fifty feet above that of the Merrimack, and is well stocked with 
 pickerel and perch. The natural outlet to the pond was to the south-west 
 into the Little Elver, through which salmon, and other fish, passed up 
 into the pond, in the appropriate season, to deposit their spawn. The 
 direction of this outlet was long ago artificiall}^ changed, — toward the 
 Plug Pond, — so as to secure the surplus water for the mills upon Mill 
 Brook. Within a few years, the Acqueduct Company have purchased the 
 original mill privilege upon the latter stream, and the above outlet has 
 been discontinued. 
 
 Great Pond, or, as it has recently been re-named, " Kenoza Lake," is 
 situated about one and a half miles from Haverhill Bridge, in a north- 
 easterly direction, and about one-third of a mile east of Bound Pond. It 
 covers an area of about three hundred acres, and is the largest sheet of 
 water in the town. The water, which in some places is fifty feet in depth, 
 is about one hundred and fifty feet above the bed of the Merrimack, and 
 abounds with the finest pickerel, — hence the new name, "Kenoza," sig- 
 nifying "pickerel." The only outlet from this miniature lake, is the 
 Fishing Eivcr, already mentioned, through which large numbers of salmon 
 and alewives formerly passed into the pond. White perch, of the finest 
 flavor, once inhabited the waters of this pond, but have now nearly disap- 
 
XlU 
 
 peared. The woods bordering the pond were long the retreat of various 
 hinds of game, and the favorite hunting ground of sportsmen. The beau- 
 tiful point of land near the north-eastern extremity of this pond, has long 
 been a popular place of resort for parties of pleasure. Since 1807, the 
 inhabitants of the town have, by purchase, enjoyed the unrestricted right 
 to occupy the grounds for that purpose. 
 
 Greek Pond is situated in the AVest Parish, about three miles north- 
 west from the principal village, and covers an area of about two hundred 
 and fifty acres. The shores, which are quite irregular, exhibit some really 
 beautiful scenery, and there are many fine farms in the neighborhood. 
 The waters of the pond are remarkably clear and transparent, and the 
 bottom is for the most part even and sandy. The pond has long been a 
 favorite resort for those who d.elight to style themselves disciples of Izaak 
 AYalton. The outlet to the pond was formerly one of the most productive 
 of our alewive fisheries, and was one of the last that ceased to be 
 profitable. 
 
 There are several prominent hills in the town, but none which can be 
 dignified with the title of mountains. Among them may be named Golden 
 Hill, Silver Hill, Turkey Hill, Brandy Brow Hill, and the Great Hill. 
 The hills are all of gentle ascent, and capable of profitable and easy culti- 
 vation to their summits. 
 
 There are no chains of hills in the town, the eminences being, in nearly 
 every case, detached, afi"ording from their summits the view of an unob- 
 structed and complete circle of charming landscape. There are no craggy 
 peaks, or barren ledges, but the view from valley and hill-top can hardly 
 be surpassed for its quiet, unpretending loveliness. 
 
 Golden Hill, which rises upward of three hundred and twenty-five feet 
 above the river, is situated about one mile east of Haverhill bridge, and 
 its base is about twenty rods from the Merrimack. The prospect from 
 its brow is extensive and picturesque. The beautiful island, — long 
 known as Clement's Island, — with its fringe of delicately variegated 
 foliage, and its smooth, green carpet ; the quiet, rural villages of Grove- 
 land, and Bradford, with their snow-white cottages, and well cultivated 
 meadows ; and the more extensive village of Haverhill, with its long line 
 of substantial manufactories ; are in full view, and, with their rural 
 environments, combine to form a picture of extraordinary beauty. This 
 hill was originally called "Gelding's Hill," from a person of that name 
 who owned, or lived near it.. 
 
 Silver Hill, or " Silver's Hill," — so called from a former owner — is 
 situated about three-fourths of a mile west of Haverhill bridge, and is 
 
XIV 
 
 also plainly seen from the central village. It rises gradually from the 
 Merrimack, which flows past its southern base, to the height of about three 
 hundred feet. The view from its summit is exceedingly beautiful. Before 
 us, and almost at our very feet, lies the pleasant village of Haverhill, with 
 its twelve hundred dwelling houses, its one hundred shoe manufactories, 
 and its eleven churches. Its natural situation is uncommonly fine. Built 
 upon a gentle acclivity, the houses rise one above another in such regular 
 order that nearly every one can be counted. The Merrimack, dotted here 
 and there with a variety of craft, from the light and trembling skifi" to 
 the heavy gondola, — and the still more imposing and majestic moving 
 ocean craft with their broad white sails, and tall masts overshadowing the 
 water, — and spanned with its bridges, flows calmly at its base, not in one 
 straight, monotonous course, but with a gentle meandering, of which the 
 eye can never tire. Accross the river are seen the smoothly rounded hills, 
 the green and fertile fields, and the pleasant villages of Bradford and 
 Groveland. To the south rises the hills of Andover, with their wooded 
 slopes dotted here and there with neat white farm-houses. A little to the 
 west, the tall spires, just peeping above the hills, point out the where- 
 abouts of the city which sprang into existence almost like Jonah's gourd, 
 — the city of Lawrence. A little further still to the west, and the same 
 signs indicate the spot long ago settled by the hardy sons of Haverhill, — 
 the village of Methuen. In the dim distance beyond, enveloped in its 
 misty blue, can be traced the outline of Mount Wachusett. Still further 
 toward the west, — as if it were not well the eye should roam too far, — 
 the " Scotland " and "West Meadow" hills shut out the more distant 
 view beyond ; — but not until we have caught sight of the tall peaks of 
 the Grand Monadnock. Sweeping toward the north, we have a view of 
 the thrifty farms of the West Parish, with the granite hills of New 
 Hampshire in the background. To the north, the eye rests upon a fine 
 succession of green fields and wooded slopes, marking a section of the 
 town which suffered the most severely from the atrocities of the murderous 
 savages. There the brave and resolute Hannah Bradley was twice taken 
 captive ; there the lion-hearted Hannah Duston was captured, but not 
 conquered, — and there stands her monument ; there the heroic Thomas 
 Duston defied the murderous tomahawk to harm the humblest of his little 
 flock. There, too, upon that gentle slope, the brave Captain Ayer, and 
 his little band, boldly attacked the retreating foe, upon the memorable 
 29th of August, 1708. From this summit might have been heard the 
 war whoop, and have been seen the gleaming tomahawk, in nearly every 
 attack made upon the inhabitants of Haverhill by the savages. The 
 
XV 
 
 valley of the Little Eiver, (or Indian River, as it was also once called) 
 of whicli the section just mentioned forms a part, is here seen in all its 
 beauty, as it stretches with its charming succession of hill, and dale, and 
 meadow, from the Merrimack far back among the granite hills of our sister 
 State. This view alone is well worth a visit to the broad summit of 
 Silver Hill. 
 
 Turkey Hill, or, rather, the " Turkey Hills," is the irregular group of 
 hills, near, and north of, the East Parish meeting-house. From the south- 
 eastern brow of the principal hill, a fine view is had of the valley of the 
 Merrimack, for several miles. From the summit of JoVs Hill, which is 
 situated a short distance directly north of the Turkey Hills, a charming 
 view of the East Meadow river and valley is obtained. These meadows 
 were the most valuable, as well as most extensive in the town, and were 
 highly prized by the early settlers. 
 
 Brandy Brow Hill, — so named from the accidental breaking of a 
 bottle of that traditional liquor upon its summit, — is a hill of moderate 
 elevation in the extreme northern part of the town. Upon the brow of 
 this hill is a large rock, which stands at the corner of four towns, — 
 Haverhill, Plaistow, Amesbury and Newton. The vicinity of this hill 
 was long noted for the abundance and excellence of its pine timber. 
 
 Great Hill is the name applied to the highest elevation of land in the 
 town, and is situated one mile north of Kenoza Lake. This hill, which 
 rises three hundred and thirty -nine feet above the level of the ocean, and 
 is the second highest land in Essex County, is the most prominent of a 
 group of hills, which, as seen from the west and north, appear quite near 
 each other, and were early known, as The Great Hills. The view from 
 the summit of this hill is the most extensive and interesting of the many 
 similar views to be obtained in the town. Portions of more than twenty 
 towns in Massachusetts, and nearly or quite as many in New Hampshire, 
 are easily distinguished by the naked eye. To the east stretches the broad 
 Atlantic, whose deep blue waters, dotted with the white wings of com- 
 merce, are plainly seen, from the Great Boar's Head to Cape Ann. Near 
 its edge, and partially hidden from our sight by Pipe Stave Hill, in New- 
 bury, are seen the spires, and many of the houses of the city of Newbury- 
 port. To the right, the eye can distinctly trace the outline of Cape Ann, 
 from Castle Neck to Halibut Point. With the aid of a glass, several 
 villages upon the Cape are made visible. As we sweep around from east 
 to south, nearly all the most prominent hills in "Essex North" can be 
 distinctly seen, and easily identified. To the south and south-west, por- 
 tions of the villages of Groveland, Bradford, Haverhill, North Andover, 
 
XVI 
 
 Andover, and Methuen, and the city of Lawrence, can be seen, peeping 
 above the intervening hills. To the south-west, the Wachusett; to the 
 west, the Monadnock ; and to the north, the Deerfield mountains, are easily 
 distinguished. To the north-west, the village of Atkinson, with its cele- 
 brated Academy, is spread out in bold relief. To the north-east, is seen 
 the top of Powow Hill, in Salisbury — so named from its having been the 
 place selected by the Indians for their great "pow-wows," long before a 
 white man gazed upon the waters of the Merrimack from its summit. 
 Turning again to the south, we notice, almost at our feet, the beautiful 
 Lake Kenoza, glistening in the sun like a diamond encompassed by emer- 
 alds. Once viewed, the memory of this lovely landscape scene will never 
 be effaced, — 
 
 '< the faithful sight 
 Engraves the image, -with a beam of light." 
 
HISTORY OF HAYERHILL. 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 EAKLY VOYAGES. DISCOVERY OF MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 Though the Western Continent bears the name of a later voyager, the 
 honor of its discovery has been generally conceded to Christopher Colum- 
 bus. But, from the evidence published by the Northern Antiquarian 
 Society, at Copenhagen, in 1837, and which seems entitled to confidence, 
 it would appear that the Western World was discovered by the Northmen, 
 several centuries before the time of Columbus. 
 
 About the year 986, one Biorne, or Biarne, a Norwegian, in sailing 
 from Iceland to Greenland, lost his reckoning in dense fogs. When the 
 weather became clear, he found himself sailing northeasterly, with low 
 and wooded land on his left. Continuing the same course nine days, he 
 arrived at Greenland, reaching it in an opposite direction from that in 
 which he commenced his voyage. 
 
 Fourteen years afterwards, Leif, with a single vessel and thirty-five 
 men, sailed from Greenland in quest of the land discovered by Biorne. 
 He found it and named it Helhdand. Proceeding southwardly, he came 
 to a land well wooded and level, which he called Markland. Thence sail- 
 ing northeasterly two days, he reached an island, where he landed, built 
 huts, and wintered. Having found grapes in its woods, he named it Vin- 
 land, or Wineland. 
 
 On his return to Greenland, Leif gave over his vessel to his brother 
 Thorwald, who sailed in 1003, to explore the new country'. He win- 
 tered at Vinland, and the next summer found several uninhabited islands. 
 After another winter, he sailed to the eastward and then to the north, 
 where he was killed by the natives. After passing a third winter at 
 Vinland, his companions returned to Greenland, 
 
 In 1007, Thorfinn, with three vessels and a hundred and sixty men, 
 
18 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL, 
 
 sailed from Greenland to Vinland to found a colony. He touched at Hell- 
 uland and Markland, and, steering south, came to a bay extending into 
 the country, with an island at its entrance. Southwesterly from this 
 Island, they entered a river and passed up into a lake upon whose banks 
 wheat and vines gi*ew wild. Here they found natives, of a sallow com- 
 plexion, with large, ill-formed faces, and shaggy hair, who came about 
 them in canoes. Several conflicts with the savages caused Thorfinn to give 
 up his project of colonization and return to Greenland. 
 
 There are also accounts of two more voyages to Vinland within the 
 next three or four years, and it is claimed that communication between 
 the two countries was not entirely discontinued before the middle of the 
 fourteenth century. 
 
 The name Helluland is supposed to have been given to what is now 
 called Labrador, or to Newfoundland ; MarMand to Nova Scotia, and 
 Vinland to Rhode Island and the southeastern part of Massachusetts. 
 
 There are also traditions, with important corroberation, of a voyage in 
 1170, by Madoc, a Welshman ; of the Yenitian brothers Zeni, in 1390 ; 
 of John Vas Cortereal, a Portugese, in 1463 ; and of Szkolney, a Pole, in 
 1476. 
 
 The existence of this continent may possiljjy, therefore, have been 
 known to the civilized world before the voyage of Columbus, in 1492 ; but 
 by him conjecture and doubt were converted into certainty, and all illu- 
 sions dispelled. The news of his discovery of a " New World," and the 
 glowing descriptions of its wealth, awakened the liveliest enthusiasm 
 throughout Europe, and gave a fresh impulse to maratime adventure. 
 
 In 1497, John and Sebastin Cabot sailed from England with three 
 hundred men, in two ships, — touched at Iceland, — and, sailing west, came 
 unexpectedly upon the coast of Labrador, or Newfoundland. After sail- 
 ing along the coast as far south as Maine, and perhaps Massachusetts, 
 they returned to England. These discoveries of the Cabots gave to Eng- 
 land her claims to this part of North America ; but, for various reasons, 
 only a few voyages were undertaken by the English for the next half 
 century. 
 
 In 1524, John Verazzano, a Florentine, in the service of France, sailed 
 along the shore from the 34th to near the 50th degree of north latitude. 
 He entered Hudson's Eiver, sailed up Narragansett Bay, for fifteen days 
 lay at anchor in the harbor of what is now called Newport, where his ves- 
 sel was freely visited by the natives ; kept the coast of Maine in sight 
 for fifty leagues, and visited as far north as Nova- Scotia. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 19 
 
 Before the voyage of Verazzano was known in Spain, Stephen Gomez 
 had sailed for the new world. He made the coast of Newfoundland and 
 sailed along the country southwardly, as far as the capes of the Delaware, 
 passing through Long Island Sound. 
 
 In 1535, Jaques Cartier sailed up the St. Lawrence, and, in 1540, he 
 built a stockade on the hill at Quebec. 
 
 Fifty years after the discovery of America by Columbus, no permanent 
 settlements had been made in New England or to the north. The French 
 had commenced a lucrative fur trade in Canada, and the cod fisheries of 
 Labrador and Newfoundland were already extensive, (in 1577 they em- 
 ployed nearly three hundred and fifty vessels), but in all New England 
 not a white family was settled — not a white child had been born. 
 
 But, by the opening of the seventeenth century, the thirst for dis- 
 covery was fully enkindled, and colonization efi'orts were more seriously 
 entertained. 
 
 In 1602, Bartholomew Gosnold sailed from Falmouth, in England, with 
 thirty-two men in a small bark, and in forty-nine days made the coast of 
 New Hampshire, or perhaps Maine. The next day, he discovered a 
 "mighty headland," which, from the large quantity of cod-fish caught in 
 the vicinity, he named " Cape Cod." Here he landed and explored the 
 coast to the south. On a "rocky ilet," in the western part of what is 
 now GuttyhunJc, he resolved to make a settlement ; and, after three weeks' 
 labor, a cellar was dug and house erected" ; but scarcity of provisions 
 and troubles with the Indians, induced him to abandon the idea of a set- 
 tlement, and he sailed for England. 
 
 Grosnold's favorable descriptions of the country were incentives to 
 further enterprise, and the next year William Brown, with two vessels 
 and forty-two men and boys, made land near the mouth of the Penobscot, 
 and ranging the coast to the southwest, they passed the islands of Casco 
 Bay, the Saco, Kennebunk, York and Piscataqua rivers, sailed by Cape 
 Ann, crossed Massachusetts Bay, and, rounding Cape Cod, came to an- 
 chor in what is now Edgarton or Oldtown harbor. 
 
 In 1605, George Weymouth arrived on the coast near Cape Cod, and sail- 
 ing northward about fifty leagues, anchored at Monhegan, or vicinity, 
 where he remained several weeks trading with the natives and exploring 
 the country. Before he left, he kidnapped five of the natives, whom he 
 hurried into bondage. About the same time, Poutrincourt, a Frenchman, 
 
 o The spot where Gosnold erected his house was identified by a party of Antiquarians in 1817. — 
 " N. Am. Review " : V.— 313. 
 
20 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 examined the shores of Maine and Massachusetts as far as Cape Cod, hut 
 the unfriendly disposition of the natives discouraged him from further 
 undertaking. 
 
 In 1606, Sir John Popham, Sir Ferdinando Georges and others, having 
 procured a grant from King James for two plantations on the Atlantic 
 coast, formed two companies — the London and the Plymouth — and soon 
 after, the London company sent three ships with one hundred and five 
 colonists to the coast of Virginia, where they effected a siettlement which 
 they called Jamestown. About the same time, the Plymouth company 
 sent two ships with over one hundred landsmen, under Ealeigh Gilbert 
 and George Popham, but the result was an unfortunate colony at the Sag- 
 adahoc, which continued only until the next year. This checked, for a 
 season, the ardor of the company. 
 
 Meanwhile, discoveries had been made, under the auspices of the Dutch, 
 of the Housatonic, Thames and Connecticut Rivers, and upon the Hudson, 
 and a trading house had been established near Albany. 
 
 The earliest notice we find of the river Merrimack, is through the Sieur 
 De Monts, who wrote from the banks of the St. Lawrence, in 1604, thus: 
 " The Indians tell us of a beautiful river, far to the south, which they call 
 the Merrimack." Its abundant fisheries, and fertile planting gi-ounds. 
 were the scenes of Indian story, and the theme of Indian praise, at that 
 early date. The next year, the Sieur De Champlain discovered the Mer- 
 rimack. Its position was marked out for him with a coal, upon a board, 
 by some Indians whom he met upon the beach, near the point of land at 
 the west mouth of the Piscataqua river. This was June 16th. The next 
 day, Champlain sailed along the coast to the southward, and discovered 
 the river, as the Indian had laid it down. He named it " Eiviere du 
 Gas." The same Indian gave him to understand that there were six 
 tribes of Indians on the coast, or on the river, under as many chiefs. 
 
 The river was called Merrimack by the northern Indians ; probably 
 from Merriih (strong), and Auke (a place) — a strong place ; or a place of 
 strong currents. The strong and rapid current which met them at the 
 mouth of the river, as they entered it with their frail canoes from the 
 northward, would naturally be the most prominent thing to excite their 
 attention, and lead them to couple it with the name of the river. The 
 Massachusetts Indians called the river Monomack, from Mona, (an island) 
 and Auke (a place) — the Island Place, or A Place of Islands. By some, 
 the latter name is derived from sturgeon, large quantities of which were 
 taken by the Indians, and also by the early English settlers. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 21 
 
 But a new era in the annals of New England begins with the voyage of 
 Captain John Smith, in 1614. With two vessels and forty-nine men and 
 boys, he sailed from ^^London, in March, and in a few weeks arrived at 
 Monhegan. While his men fished. Smith ranged the coast in an open boat 
 making noted discoveries. In this voyage, the coast was explored from 
 Penobscot to Cape Cod, within which bounds, he says: "I have seen, at 
 least, forty several habitations upon the sea coast, and sounded about 
 twenty-five excellent good harbors." He speaks of the coast of Massa- 
 chusetts as "planted with gardens and cornfields, and so well inhabited 
 with a goodly, strong, and well-proportioned people, '■■■= "^^ I can 
 
 but approve this a most excellent place, both for health and fertility. 
 And of all the four parts of the world I have yet seen, not inhabited, 
 could I but have means to transport a colony, I would rather live here 
 than any where. '■■■' " ■' Here are many isles, all planted with corn, 
 groves, mulberies, salvage gardens'- and good harbors ; and the sea coast 
 as you pass, shows you cornfields, and great troupes of well proportioned 
 people." Smith acted honorably with the natives, but his companion. 
 Hunt, whom he left behind, copied the vile example of Weymouth, and 
 kidnapping upwards of twenty of the natives, sailed for Malaga, where a 
 part (at least) were sold as slaves. This barbarous act, says Mather, 
 " was the unhappy occasion of the loss of many a man's estate and life, 
 which the barbarians did from thence seek to destroy ; and the English, 
 in consequence of this treachery, were constrained for a time to suspend 
 their trade, and abandon their project of a settlement in Xew Eng- 
 land." 
 
 In 1618, Georges, who was still anxious to settle a colony, sent out a 
 vessel in charge of Capt. Thos. Dermer, and also sent with him one of the 
 natives who had been carried to England, and who had acquired a smatter- 
 ing of the language. After sending his vessel back laden with furs, 
 Dermer embarked in an open pinnance of five tons, taking with him Tis- 
 quantum, or Squanto.f the native above-mentioned, and " searching every 
 harbor, and compassing every capeland," he arrived at what is now called 
 Plymouth. This was his " savage's native country," and near here he 
 held a friendly conference with two native kingsj from Pockanokit. 
 From this place Dermer, passing the Dutch settlement at Manhattan, con- 
 
 '^ Savage gardens. 
 
 t Who subsequently became the friend and interpreter of the Pilgrims. 
 
 I Massasoit and his brother Quadequina, who soon after extended a hospitable reception to the Ply- 
 month colonists. 
 
22 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL 
 
 tinued on to Virginia. This journey of Dermer preceded the landing of 
 the Pilgrims but little more than a year, and was an important addition 
 to the knowledge of the country. 
 
 No colony had as yet been planted upon the territory of Massachusetts, 
 though colonies were established in Canada and Newfoundland, and the 
 Dutch had established trading posts in the " New Netherlands," where 
 they were conducting a lucrative trade in furs. It was left for a religious 
 impalse to accomplish what commercial enterprise had attempted without 
 success. Civilized New England is the child of English Puritanism, and 
 a history of its early settlement involves, at least in part, a history of 
 Puritanism in England. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 23 
 
 CHAPTEE II. 
 
 HISTORY OF PURITANISM. THE PILGRIMS. 
 
 At the time Columbus discovered the New World, nearly all Christian 
 Europe was under the dominion of the church of Eome. The pope was 
 the recognized head of that church, and the fountain of all power, both 
 spiritual and temporal. 
 
 England was Catholic, and for hundreds of years had been the vassal 
 of Eome. When Luther kindled the fires of the Eeformation, the reign- 
 ing monarch of England denounced him as the chief of heretics ; wrote in 
 defence of the seven sacraments ; and was rewarded with the flattering 
 title " Defender of the Faith." 
 
 But in twenty years from the day Luther burned the bull of pope Leo 
 before the gates of Wittemberg, his view had spread over a large part of 
 Europe, and Protestantism had assumed its distinctive position. The 
 reformation had gained a foothold ; the assumptions of Eome had been 
 publicly spurned, and a host of determined opponents of the supreme and 
 unlimited authority of the pope had sprung into existence. Even the 
 " Defender of the Faith " had experienced a change, and when Clement 
 VII refused to decree his divorce, the monarch renounced his allegiance 
 to the Eoman See, abrogated the authority of the pope in his realm, and 
 assumed the title of " Supreme Head of the Church of England." 
 
 But it was only a transfer of the tiara from the Tiber to the Thames ; 
 and, in four years after, an act was passed " abolishing diversity of 
 opinion,"-' making the king's form of ortherdox doctrine a standard of be- 
 lief, and punishing all teaching to the contrary, even to forfeiture of goods 
 and burning at the stake. The king could burn as heretics the favorers 
 of Protestantism, and hang as traitors the suj^porters of the pope. 
 
 The accession of Edward VI opened a brighter prospect. The thunder 
 of The Bloody Statutes died away ; prisoners for heresy were set at lib- 
 erty ; fugitives allowed to return ; the Bible in English was placed in 
 every church, and soon The Six Articles were repealed. But soon fol- 
 lowed the requiring of uniformity in public worship, by using the 
 prescribed liturgy. All innovations were prohibited, under severe penal- 
 ties, even to imprisonment for life. 
 
 ' Known as the " Bloody Statutes," and the " Six Articles." 
 
24 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 The accession of Mary still further eclipsed the star of Protestantism. 
 Educated a Catholic, and filled with bigotry and pride, she re-established 
 Catholicism with all its pageantry and creed, and let loose the fierce winds 
 of persecution upon the favorers of Protestantism. The fires of Smith- 
 field were kindled, and hundreds perished at the stake, while hundreds 
 more, fortunate enough to escape, found in various places on the Continent 
 an asylum from the violence raging at home. 
 
 Happily, the career of Mary was of short duration, and when Elizabeth 
 ascended the throne, in 1558, the kingdom was once more, and perma- 
 nently, severed from the Papal see. The exiles returned, and those who 
 had hid emerged from their concealment. But the Puritans, as they 
 were now called, were soon satisfied that there was very little hope of a 
 further reformation in religious alFairs. The Act of Sujiremacy required 
 an oath of renunciation of the authority of any foreign priest or prelate, 
 and a recognition of the supremacy of the sovereign in all causes, ecclesias- 
 tical and civil ; while the Act of Uniformity forbid the conducting of 
 public worship otherwise than according to the rubric. Two hundred 
 Catholics suffered death, and hundreds were imprisoned, and large num- 
 bers of ministers were punished for Non-conformity. But, instead of 
 destroying, opposition only served to radicate their principles and increase 
 their power. In all classes of society, Puritans were found ; and before 
 the close of this reign, they began to return a majority in the House of 
 Commons. 
 
 The accession of Whitgift to the primacy, in 1583, was a severe blow 
 to the dissentients. In one week, instructions were issued forbidding 
 preaching, catechising and praying in any private family in presence of 
 persons not belonging to it ; and to silence all preachers who had not re- 
 ceived orders from episcopal hands, or who refused or neglected to read 
 the whole service, or to wear the prescribed habit, or subscribe to the 
 queen's supremacy, the " Thirty-nine Articles," and the "Book of Com- 
 mon Prayer." In one year, two hundred and thirty- three ministers were 
 suspended in six counties. A " Court of High Commission " was organ- 
 ized, with power to ' ' visit, reform, redress, order, correct and amend all 
 errors, heresies, schisms, abuses, contempts, offences, and enormities what- 
 soever." The law of England virtually declared England to be 
 uninhabitable by non-conformists."" 
 
 " Puritanism, as an element of church politics, dates from the time when Hooper refused to be con- 
 secrated in the ecclesiastical vestments, in 1350. In like manner, Non-conformity takes its date from 
 the refusal of Bishop Coverdale and others to subscribe to the Liturgy and other ceremonies, in 1563. 
 Separatism soon followed, when several deprived ministers broke off from the public churches, and separ- 
 atcdin private houses. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 25 
 
 But the High Commission Court did not admit of opposition, except 
 from such as were prepared for ruin. Many such appeared. Some suf- 
 fered death, and many others long imprisonment and ruinous fines. But 
 the seed scattered grew rapidly. 
 
 In 1593, there were four religious classes in England: 1. The Catho- 
 lics, who adhered to the Church of Eome ; 2. The members of the English 
 Church ; 3. The Puritans ; and 4. The Separatists, or Independents. Of 
 the third class were the founders of the Massachusetts colony, and to the 
 fourth belonged the settlers of Plymouth. 
 
 The Puritans were simply non-conformists. Connected with the 
 national church, they questioned chiefly the propriety of some of her ob- 
 servances. They submitted to her authority as far as they could, and 
 acknowledged her as their Mother in all matters of doctrinal concern ; 
 and, up to the date of their removal to America, they made no open seces- 
 sion from her communion. Had liberty been allowed them, they would 
 probably have continued in the land of their nativity and in the bosom of 
 the Establishment. 
 
 The Plymouth colonists were not of the national church. Years before 
 their expatriation, they had renounced her communion and formed 
 churches of their own. Between them and the Massachusetts colonists, 
 however, the difi"erences were in matters of policy, rather than in articles 
 of faith ; and, on their arrival in the New World, apart from the influen- 
 ces of their native land, and under far difi"erent circumstances, a few years 
 intercourse assimilated their views and cemented their union. 
 
 Such was the origin of Puritanism and Indepeijdency. We now pass to 
 a brief notice of the church of the Pilgi-ims. 
 
 The church of the Pilgrims was first organized at G-ainsborough, about 
 15 98, and was afterward formed into two bodies, the junior of which met 
 at the house of William Brewster, in Scrooby, In July, 1604, a procla- 
 mation was issued, commanding the Puritan clergy to conform before the 
 last of November, or to dispose of themselves and families in some other way. 
 In consequence of this edict, and the persecutions which followed it, the 
 Independent churches at Gainsborough and Scrooby resolved to escape. 
 The former was the first to depart, fleeing to Holland. The other tarried 
 a little longer, hoping for a lull in the fierce storm ; but, finally, after 
 many troubles, and two unsuccessful attempts to escape, in August, 1608, 
 they arrived safely in Holland. For a few months, they sojourned at Am- 
 sterdam, when they removed to Leyden, about forty miles distant. Here 
 they lived in comparative peace. Others, from time to time, joined them, 
 until they numbered about two hundred persons. 
 
26 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 But eiglit years residence in a land of strangers, satisfied this little band 
 that Holland could not be for tbem a permanent home ; and after long 
 and anxious consideration, they resolved to remove to America. A grant 
 was finally obtained from the Virginia company, and after many delays 
 and perplexities, one hundred and twenty persons sailed from South- 
 hampton, in two small vessels, — the Speedwell and the Mayflower. The 
 former vessel proving leaky, they were obliged to abandon it, and one 
 hundred and two embarked in the Mayflower. Their destination was to 
 some point near Hudson's Eiver ; but after a stormy passage of sixty-four 
 days, they came in sight of the white sand-banks of Cape Cod, when they 
 tacked to stand to the southward. Becoming "entangled among roaring 
 shoals," they retraced their course, and the next day came to anchor in 
 what is now the roadstead of Provincetown. After a brief exploration of 
 the adjacent country, the voyagers landed and commenced a settlement, 
 which they called New Plymouth. The landing was made on Monday, 
 December 11th, Old Style, upon what has long since been called Fore- 
 fathers^ Rock. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 27 
 
 CHAPTEE III. 
 
 SETTLEMENTS IN MASSACHUSETTS FROM 1620 TO 1640. 
 
 The fame of the " plantation " at Plymouth soon spread through a 
 large portion of England, exciting the deepest interest in the subject of 
 colonization, and emigration soon began in earnest. 
 
 In 1623, settlements were made at Cocheco, (Dover, N. H.,) and at 
 Piscataqua, (Portsmouth) ; and there were probably a very few settle- 
 ments in Maine. In 1624, a company from England, called the Dorchester 
 Adventurers, commenced a settlement at Cape Ann, but soon abandoned 
 it and removed to Naumkeag (Salem). The Plymouth colony, now num- 
 bering two hundred and eighty persons, in thirty-two cabins, had already 
 established a trading house at Nantasket, and commenced one at the Ken- 
 ebec. During the succeeding year, a settlement was commenced in 
 Quincy, on the eminence which still bears the name of the founder of the 
 plantation. Mount Wollaston. 
 
 From 1620 to 1630, the emigration to New England was inconsiderable, 
 and but few new settlements were made. 
 
 The first vigorous and extensive movement toward the settlement of 
 Massachusetts commenced in 1628, when a patent was obtained for Sir 
 Henry Roswell and others, conveying lands extending from the Atlantic 
 to the Western Ocean, and in width from a line running three miles north 
 of the Eiver Merrimack, to a line three miles south of the River Charles. 
 In August, of the same year, John Endicott, one of the patentees, with a 
 company of " fifty or sixty persons," arrived at Naumkeag; and before 
 winter commenced a new settlement at Mishawam (Charlestown), The 
 next year, the company was much enlarged ; a royal charter was obtained, 
 creating a corporation under the name of the " Governor and Company of 
 the Massachusetts Bay in New England ; " and soon after the organization 
 under the charter, six vessels with ' ' eighty women and maids, twenty-six 
 children, three hundred men, with victuals, arms, tools, and necessary ap- 
 parel, one hundred and forty head of cattle, and forty goats," arrived at 
 Salem, at which place they found "half a score of houses, and a fair 
 house newly built for the Governor." One hundred of the colonists im- 
 mediately " planted themselves " at Charlestown. 
 
 In 1629, it was determined to transfer the charter to New England. 
 John Winthrop was chosen Governor, and in March, 1630, he sailed for 
 
28 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 Massachusetts with a fleet of eleven vessels, " filled with passengers of all 
 occupations, skilled in all kinds of faculties needful for the planting of a 
 new colony." During this year, seventeen ships, with about fifteen hun- 
 dred passengers, arrived in the Bay and at Plymouth. Settlements were 
 then established at Wessagussett; (Weymouth) Nantasket, Mount "VVollas- 
 ton, Mattapan, (Dorchester) Salem, Mystic, (Medford) Lynn, Charlestowu, 
 Winnissimet, (Chelsea) Noddle's Island, (East Boston) Thompson's Island, 
 Shawmut, (Boston) Watertown, Koxbury and Newtown, within the limits 
 of the Massachusetts colony. 
 
 The accessions in 1631 were but few, but in the two following years 
 they were more numerous. In 1634, the colony contained from three to 
 four thousand inhabitants, distributed in sixteen towns. Boston was the 
 capitol. During this year, settlements were commenced at Saugus, Mar- 
 vill Head, (Marblehead) Agawam, (Ipswich) and Merrimacke." 
 
 In 1635, Newbury, Concord, and Dedham were incorporated. Already 
 "the people were straightened for want of room," and parties from 
 Dorchester and Newtown had "planted in Connecticut." In 1636, Eoger 
 Williams laid the foundation of Providence, E. I., and new settlements 
 begun to spring up on every hand. Plantations were made at Windsor, 
 Hartford, Weathersfield, and New Haven, in Connecticut ; and at Exeter, 
 and Hampton, in New Hampshire. 
 
 Emigrants continued to arrive in large numbers. In three months, in 
 1638, no less than three thousand settlers arrived in Massachusetts. 
 Plantations were commenced at Salisbury and Eowley, in 1639, though 
 persons had settled in the former place as early as 1637. 
 
 In 1640, it is calculated there were in New England over twent3- thou- 
 sand persons, or four thousand families. 
 
 Before 1643, at which time the four colonies of Massachusetts, Ply- 
 mouth, Connecticut and New Haven, formed a " Confederation of New 
 England Colonies," there were supposed to be a thousand acres of land 
 planted for orchards and gardens, and fifteen thousand other acres under 
 general tillage. The number of neat cattle was estimated at twelve thou- 
 sand, and the number of sheep at three thousand. Acts had been passed 
 incorporating North Chelsea, Salisbury, Springfield, Eowley, Sudbury, 
 Braintree, Woburn, Gloucester, Haverhill, Wenham, and Hull, in addition 
 to those already mentioned. This year four counties were incorporated : 
 Suffolk, Essex, Middlesex, and Old Norfolk, containing in all thirty towns. 
 
 The country east of the Piscataqua was still almost without English 
 
 ' Wood's New England Prospect. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 29 
 
 inhabitants, and the only town then incorporated west of Worcester, (in 
 this State) was Springfield. = ' 
 
 Emigrants continued to arrive in large numbers, until about 1640. 
 The meeting of the Long Parliament, by opening the prospect of a fair 
 field to fight out the battle of freedom at home, put a final stop to the ex- 
 patriation of patriotic Englishmen; and for the next century and a 
 quarter, it is believed that more went hence to England than came hither 
 from England. Nor did anything that can be called an immigration oc- 
 cur again for nearly two hundred years, f 
 
 o The following is a list of the fo-mis in Massachusetts which were settled previously to 1640, and also 
 those settled in that year : 
 
 Settled. 
 
 Barnstable 1639 
 
 Beverly, 1626 
 
 Boston .1626 
 
 Braintree 1630 
 
 Cambridge 1630 
 
 Charlestown 1628 
 
 Concord 1635 
 
 Dedham 1635 
 
 Dorchester 1630 
 
 Duxbury 1637 
 
 Gloucester, 1639 
 
 Hingham 1633 
 
 Settled. 
 
 Ipswich, 1633 
 
 Lynn, 1629 
 
 Marblehead 1631 
 
 Medford, 1630 
 
 Newburv, 1635 
 
 Plj-mouth 1620 
 
 Rowley -. . . 1639 
 
 Eoxbury 1630 
 
 Salem, 1626 
 
 Salisbury 1639 
 
 Scituate, 1633 
 
 Springfield, 1635 
 
 Settled. 
 
 Sudbury 1638 
 
 Watertown, 1630 
 
 Wenham, 1639 
 
 Weymouth, 1624 
 
 Yarmouth 1639 
 
 Haverhill, 1640 
 
 Wobum, 1640 
 
 Reading, 1640 
 
 Marshfidd 1640 
 
 Manchester, 1640 
 
 Haverhill was the thirtieth town settled within the present limits of the State of Massachusetts and 
 the forty-ninth in New England. It was the thirty-second incorporated town in the State. 
 t Palfrey. 
 
30 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 CHAPTER IV. 
 
 ABORIGINAL INHABITANTS. 
 
 The native population of Xew England, at the time of the first English 
 immigration, was probably not far from fifty thousand ; of which number 
 Connecticut and Ehode Island contained perhaps one-half, and Maine 
 rather more than one-fourth. =•■' Of the Maine Indians, the Etechemins 
 dwelt furthest towards the east ; the Abenaquis, of whom the Tarratines 
 were a part, hunted on both sides of the Penobscot, and westward as far 
 as the Saco, or, perhaps the Piscataqua. The home of the Penacook or 
 Pawtucket Indians, was in the valley of the Merrimack, and the contigu- 
 ous region of ^Massachusetts. The Massachusetts tribe dwelt along the 
 Bay of that name. Then were found the Pokanokets, or Wampanoags, 
 in southeastern Massachusetts, by Buzzard's and Xarragansett Bays ; the 
 Narragansetts, in Rhode Island ; the Pequots, between the Narragansctts 
 and the river Thames ; and the IMohegans, from the Pequots to the Con- 
 necticut river. In central Massachusetts were the Nipmucks, or Nipnets. 
 Vermont, Western Massachusetts and northern New Hampshire, were 
 almost, if not absolutely, without inhabitants. 
 
 These principal tribes were sub-divided into numerous smaller tribes. 
 Of those upon the Merrimack river, were the Agawams, who occupied from 
 the mouth of the river to Cape Ann ; the Wamesits, at the forks of the 
 Merrimack and Concord rivers, on the west side of the former and both 
 sides of the latter ; The Nashuas, at Nashua ; the Souhegans, on the river 
 of the same name ; the Namaoskeags, at Amoskeag ; the Pemacooks, or 
 Penacooks, at Concord ; and the Winnequesaukees, at the Wiers, near 
 Lake Winnepiseoge. 
 
 The Penacooks were the most powerful tribe in this whole region. The 
 others were controlled by them for a long time, and paid tribute to them. 
 Passaconnaway, a firm friend to the English, was the chief of the Pena- 
 cooks, and the "Great Sachem of all the tribes that dwelt in the valley 
 of the Merrimack. f He was the most noted powow or sorcerer of all the 
 country, and exerted an almost boundless influence over his people. He 
 lived to a very great age, as GookinJ saw him at Pawtucket (Lowell) 
 " when he was about one hundred and twenty years old." He died about 
 1665, and was succeeded by his son Wannalancet, who remained at the 
 
 - Piilfrey. f Elliott. J Hist. Praying Indians. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 31 
 
 head of the fast diminishing people until 1677, when he retired to Cana- 
 da. Wannalancet was succeeded by Kancamagus, (known to the English 
 as John Hogkins) son of Nanamocomuck, the eldest son of Passaconna- 
 way. He was elected Sagamore by the remnant of the tribe who remained 
 at Pennacook after the withdrawal of Wannalancet, and was afterwards 
 joined by many " strange Indians," from other tribes, who had become 
 disaifected with the English. He was an active spirit in the Indian diffi- 
 culties of 1676 to 1691, and one of the most troublesome enemies of the 
 English. 
 
 The aboriginal inhabitants of New England held a low place in the 
 scale of humanity. They had no civil government, no religion, no letters, 
 no history, no music, no poetry. The French rightly named them Les 
 Homnes des Bois — " Men Brutes of the Forest." Except a power of en- 
 during hunger and weather, acquired by their hunting habits, they were 
 tender and not long-lived ; and though supple and agile, they always sank 
 under continuous labor. In them, the lymphatic temperament predomi- 
 nated. They scarcely ever wept or smiled. Their slender appetites 
 required small indulgence, though at times a gormandizing rage seemed to 
 possess them. Though no instance is recorded of their offering insult to a 
 female captive, it must be credited wholly to their natural coldness of 
 constitution. Their grave demeanor, which has so often been interpreted 
 as an indication of self-respect, was rather an indication of mere stolid 
 vacuity of emotion and thought. In constitution of body and mind, they 
 were far below the negro race. 
 
 They were simple, ignorant, and indolent. The Indian women per- 
 formed all the drudgery of the household, and were also the tillers of the 
 soil ; the lazy, indolent lords and masters deeming it debasing to engage 
 in aught except hunting, fishing, and war. 
 
 Their principle article of food was Indian corn, prepared in various 
 ways, — either boiled alone into hominy, or mixed with beans and called 
 succotash, or parched, or broke up into meal and moistened with T^ater, in 
 which case it was named 7iookik-' They had also fish and game, nuts, 
 roots, berries, and a few cultivated vegetables. 
 
 A hoe, made of a clam-shell or a moose's shoulder-blade, was their only 
 tool of husbandry. Their manure was fish, covered over in the hill along 
 with the seed. Fish were taken with lines or nets, the cordage of which 
 were made of the fibres of the dogbane, or the sinews of the deer. Hooks 
 were made of sharpened bones of fishes and birds. 
 
 • Corrupted into nokik, nocake, nonecake, " Johny-cake," etc. 
 
32 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 Their houses, or wigwams, were of a circular or oval shape, made of 
 bark or mats, laid over a frame- work of branches of trees stuck in the 
 ground in such a manner as to converge at the top, where was an aperture 
 for the escape of the smoke. The better sort had also a lining of mats. 
 For doors, two low openings were left on opposite sides, one or the other 
 of which was closed with bark or mats, according to the direction of the 
 wind. 
 
 They were slothful, improvident, deceitful, cruel and revengeful. Pa- 
 rental and filial affection were feeble and transient. They had no formal 
 marriage or funeral ceremonies, or forms of worship; no flocks, herds or 
 poultry. Their shelters, clothing, tools, hunting implements, &c., were of 
 the simplest and rudest kind, and could scarce be called ingenious. 
 
 The aborigines of New England possessed no code of laws, or any set 
 of customs having the force of legal obligation. 
 
 The early French explorers declared that tribes visited by them were 
 without a notion of religion, and there is not wanting testimony of the 
 same kind in relation to the New England tribes. It is certain they had 
 no temples, no public ritual, nothing which can be called social worship, 
 no order of priests, no machinery of religion. 
 
 In revenge, they were barbarous and implacable ; they never forgot or 
 forgave injuries. Their wars were massacres. 
 
 With the Indian, the social attraction was feeble. The most he knew 
 of companionship and festivity, was when he would meet his fellows by 
 the shores of ponds, and falls of rivers, in the fishing season. Much of 
 his life was passed in the seclusion of his wigwam, and the solitude of the 
 chase. This habit of loneliness and of self-protection, made him inde- 
 pendent and proud. His pride created an aptitude for stoicism, which 
 constituted his point of honor. This was fortitude under suifering. 
 Craft, rather than valor, distinguished him in war. Stealth and swift- 
 ness composed his strategy. He showed no daring and no constancy in 
 the field ; but it was great glory to him to bear the most horrible tortures 
 without complaint or a sigh of anguish. 
 
 His brave* endurance presented the bright side of his character. He 
 was without tenderness, and but few instances are recorded of his appear- 
 ing capable of gratitude. Cunning and falsehood were eminently his. 
 His word was no security. A treaty could not bind him when he sup- 
 posed it might be broken without danger. Exceptions are to be allowed 
 for in every portraiture of a class of men, as everywhere and at all times 
 there are natures that rise above the moral standard of their place. But 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 33 
 
 it remains true of the normal representative of this peculiar race, that his 
 temper was sullen, jealous, intensely vindictive, and ferociously cruel." 
 
 They have been called eloquent. Never was a reputation more cheaply 
 earned. Take away their commonplaces of the mountain and the thunder, 
 the sunset and the water-fall, the eagle and the buifalo, the burying of the 
 hatchet, the smoking of the calumet, and the lighting of the council-fire, 
 and the material for their pomp of words is reduced within contemptible 
 dimensions. Their best attempts at reasoning or persuasion have been 
 the simplest statements of facts. Whatever may be thought of the speci- 
 mens of Indian oratory in other parts of North America, — which must be 
 allowed to be mostly of doubtful authenticity, — certain it is there is no 
 recorded harangue of a New England Indian which can assert a claim to 
 praise. Occasions were not wanting, but the gift of impressive speech 
 was not his. 
 
 I'heir manner of expression was vehement and emphatic ; their ideas 
 being few, their language was far from copious. It really consisted of 
 but few words. They had no letters, but few symbols or signatures, no 
 chronicles, and scarce any traditions extending back farther than two or 
 three generations. 
 
 Such was the aborigines of New England. Those who have studied 
 only the Indian of romance, will seek in vain for a single specimen of such 
 among the sober realities of life. Like the traditional Yankee, they are 
 only and altogether creations of fancy. 
 
 A few years before the settlement of New England by the English, a 
 war broke out among the aborigines of the country, which resulted in the 
 destruction of thousands of the Indians. To the war succeeded a pesti- 
 lence, which spread far and wide, and was exceedingly fatal. It raged, 
 at intervals, for more than two years, and extended from the borders of 
 the Tarratines southward to the Narragansetts, "The people died in 
 heaps; " whole families and tribes perished ; so that " the living were no 
 wise able to bury the dead," and seven years afterward the bones of the 
 unburied lay bleaching upon the ground around their former habitations. 
 The nature of this epidemic has never been determined. It has been sup- 
 posed to have been the small pox, or the yellow fever. The Penobscots and 
 the Narragansetts suffered but little from it, nor does it seem to have 
 troubled the few English residents of the country. Eichard Vines, who 
 was stopping at Saco when the pestilence was at its height, says that 
 though he and his men " lay in the cabin with these people that died, not 
 
 « Palfrpy. 
 
34 
 
 HISTORY OF HAVEKHILL. 
 
 one of them CA'er felt their heads to ache so long as they stayed there," 
 Thus, as if by special Providence, were the aborigines weakened and 
 scattered, and New England prepared for the reception of civilized and 
 christian immigrants. Throughout the whole of the region swept by the 
 pestilence, there was scarce a tribe that dare oppose the sturdy settlers; 
 and it was only when several of the stronger ones combined, that they 
 were able, even temporarily, to obstruct the progress of the settlement. 
 
 The only serious conflicts with the natives between the settlement at 
 Plymouth, in 1620, and that of Haverhill, in 1640, was during the troubles 
 with the Pequots, 1636-7. But so vigorously was the war prosecuted 
 on the part of the English, that, in a few months, that once formidable 
 nation was nearly exterminated, and the few that remained were divided 
 among the friendly tribes as vassals. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 35 
 
 CHAPTEE V. 
 
 SETTLEMENT OF HAVERHILL. 1640. 
 
 The large immigration into Massachusetts during the years immediately 
 preceding 1638, led to the settlement of many new plantations, as well as 
 the rapid enlargement of those already settled. So great, in fact, was the 
 influx of immigrants, that in many places they could not be accommo- 
 dated. This was particularly the case with Ipswich and Newbury, whither 
 had flocked large numbers of emigrants from the vicinity of Ipswich, 
 Newbury, Haverhill, Lynn, and other towns in the easterly part of Eng- 
 land. By these persons, several new places were settled ; among them, 
 Pentucket, or Haverhill. 
 
 The earliest intimation we can find of the settlement of this town, is 
 contained in the following letter" to Gov. Winthrop, from one Giles Fir- 
 man, of Ipswich, under the date of Dec. 26, 1639: — 
 
 " Much honored and dear Sir: 
 
 But that I thinke it needlesse (God havinge more than ordinarye fitted 
 you for such trials) my letter might tell you with what griefe of spirit I 
 received the news of that sad aflliction which is lately happened to your 
 worship, by means of that unfaithful wretch ; I hope God will find a 
 shoulder to helpe you beare so great a burthen. But the little time that 
 is allotted me to write, I must spend in requesting your worships counsel 
 and favour. My father in law Ward,f since his sonnej came over, is varey 
 desirous that wee might sett down together, and so that he might leave 
 us together if God should remove him from hence. Because that cant be 
 accomplished in this town, is verey desirous to get mee to remove with 
 him to a new plantation. After much perswasion used, consideringe my 
 want of accommodations here (the ground the town having given mee ly- 
 ing 5 miles from mee or more) and that the gains of physick will not 
 finde me in bread, but besides apprehendinge that it might bee a way to 
 free him from some temptations, and make him more cheerful and more 
 serviceable to the country or church, have yeelded to him. Herein, as I 
 desire your counsel,so do I humbly request your favor, that you would he 
 phased to give us the libertye of choosinge a flantation ; wee think it will 
 bee at Pentuckett or Quichichchek,^ \_Cochichawich^ by Shawshin : so soon 
 as the season will give us leave to goe, we shall inform your worship 
 
 " Hutoh. Hist. Coll , 128. t Rev. Nathaniel Ward. t -Tohn Ward. § Andover. 
 
36 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 which we desire : And if that, by the court of election, wee cannot gather 
 a company to begine it, wee will let it fall. We desire you will not 
 graunt any of them to any before wee have scene them. If your worship 
 have heard any relation of the places, wee should remaine thankful to you 
 if you would be pleased to counsel us to any of them. Further, I would 
 entreat for advise in this ; The towne gave mee the ground (100 acres) 
 upon this condition, that I should stay in the towne 8 years, or else I 
 could not sell it : Now my father supposes it being my first heritage (my 
 father having none in the land) that it is more than they canne doe to hin- 
 der mee thus, when as others have no business, but range from place to 
 place, on purpose to live upon the countrey. I would entreate your coun- 
 sel whither or noe I canne sell it. Further : I am strongly sett upon to 
 studye divinite, my studyes else must be lost ; for physick is but a meene 
 helpe. In these cases I humbly referre to your worship, as my father, for 
 your counsel, and so in much haste, with my best services presented to 
 your worship, wishinge you a strong support in your affliction, and a good 
 and comfortable issue, I rest your worships in what he canne to his 
 power. GYLES FYEMIN.- 
 
 Ipswich, 26, 10th, 1639. 
 
 Wee humbly entreate your secrecye in our desires." 
 
 Whether the reply of the Governor was favorable or otherwise, we are 
 unable to determine, but it is certain that Fyrmin did not leave Ipswich 
 until fifteen years afterwards. 
 
 At the session of the General Court, held at Boston on the 13th of the 
 succeeding May, (May 13, 1640) a petition was received from " Mr. Ward 
 and Newberry men " for permission to begin a new plantation on the 
 Merrimack,! which petition was " committed to the Governor, Deputy 
 Governor, and Mr. Winthrop, Senior, to consider of Patucket and Coijch- 
 awiek, and to grant it them, provided they returne answer within three 
 weeks from the 21st present, and that they build there before the next 
 Courte."t 
 
 © Gyles Fyrmin (or Firman) was the son of Giles, an apothecary at Sudbury, England. He was born 
 in 1614, educated at Cambridge, England, and afterwards studied medicine and was admitted to practice 
 previous to his emigration to this country. In 1638, the town of Ipswich granted him one hundred acres 
 of land, on condition that he lived there three years. In December, 1639, he married a daughter of Rev. 
 Nathaniel Ward, of Ipswich, a few days after which he wrote the above letter to Gov. Winthrop. He 
 was made a freeman in the same year. Fyrmin was an elder in the church at Ipswich, where he con- 
 tinued to reside until lOrii, when he returned to England. lie afterward became eminent .is a divine, ss 
 well as physician, and after a long and useful life, he died in April, 1697, nt the ripe age of eighty-three 
 years. 
 
 t This petition is probably now lost, as the most cartful search has failed to give us any further clue 
 to it. 
 
 t Colonial Records, 1— 29(i'. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 37 
 
 Mr. Ward and his associates selected Pentucket, and commenced a 
 settlement at that place some time previous to the October following their 
 petition. It is probable that they commenced operations immediately on 
 learning the action of the General Court, as they had then barely suflS- 
 cient time to plant for that season, and the fact that before the prescribed 
 time they had commenced a plantation shows that they were by no means 
 dilatory in their movements. 
 
 At the next session of the Court, (October 7th, of the same year) a com- 
 mittee was appointed " to view the bounds between Colchester"' and Mr. 
 Ward's plantation. f 
 
 We are confident that no white man had settled within the limits of 
 Pentucket previous to the coming of Mr. Ward's associates, as no mention 
 can be found of such settlement in the records of the colony, which are 
 quite full and explicit upon all similar matters relating to that early 
 period of its history. As early as September, 1630, (within two months 
 after the arrival of the Charter of the Colony) it was "ordered that noe 
 person shall plant in any place within the lymitts of this pattent, without 
 leaue from the Gouvernor and Assistants, or the maior part of them ; " 
 and " also that a warrant shall presently be sent to Aggawam, to com- 
 mand those that are planted there forthwith to come away." That this 
 was no " dead letter" enactment, may be judged from the fact that seven 
 years afterwards, — and when thousands of immigrants had arrived in the 
 country, and new settlements were increasing with great rapidity, — an 
 order was given to the constable of Newberry to apprehend those men who 
 had thus planted themselves at what is now Salisbury, and to take them 
 before the court, at Ipswich, to answer for such violation of law. At the 
 November Court, 1637, leave was granted certain petitioners from New- 
 berry to settle at AYinnacunnet, (Hampton) "or upon any other plantation 
 upon the Merrimak, below the first falls, and to have sixe miles square ; " 
 and. in Sept., 1638, liberty was allowed Gyles Firman, and others, upon 
 their petition, " to begin a plantation at Merrimack." 
 
 Winthrop,| under the date of 1643, says: " about this time, two plan- 
 tations began to be settled upon Merrimack, Pentuckett called Hauerill, 
 and Cochichawick called Andover," Under the date of 1638, he says: 
 " One (plantation) was begun at Merrimack," doubtless referring to Salis- 
 bury, which was settled about that time. 
 
 Cotton Matherg makes the date of the settlement of Haverhill 1641, 
 but he, as well as Winthrop, evidently reckons from the time of Eev. John 
 
 * Salisl)ui7. t Colonial Records, 1 — 30.S. 
 
 X Hist, of New Enarlanfl, 2—121. § Ufajnalia, 470. 
 
38 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 Ward's coining to Haverhill, which, as we shall see, was not until some 
 time after the first settlement. 
 
 Felt'-', under the date of 1640, says: "Mr. (Nath'l) Ward, with some 
 men of Newbury, is conditionally allowed to form a settlement at Haver- 
 hill, or at Andover. This privilege was improved, and the former place 
 was chosen before October. His chief object in obtaining such a grant was 
 to prepare a residence for his son, who became an estimable minister there." 
 
 We think that the conditions upon which the petitioners were to be 
 allowed their request, viz: "provided they returne answer within 
 three weeks from the 21st present, and that they huild there before the next 
 Gourte ; " and the appointing of commissioners at that Court " to view 
 the bounds between Colchester and Mr. Ward^s plantation ; with the ab- 
 sence of conflicting records, or even traditions, are sufficient to fix the date 
 of our first settlement as 1640. 
 
 The first company of settlers in the wild woods of Pentucket were from 
 Ipswich and Newbury, and were twelve in number. The following are 
 their names : — 
 
 William White, John Kobinsou, Abraham Tyler, 
 
 Samuel Grile, Christopher Hussey, Daniel Ladd, 
 
 James Davis, John Williams, Joseph Merrie, 
 
 Henry Palmer, Eichard Littlehale, Job Clement. 
 
 The last four were from Ipswich, 
 
 It has been generally supposed that the Eev, John Ward was the per- 
 son who petitioned to the General Court in the spring of 1 640, and that 
 he accompanied the first band of settlers to Pentucket. But we are confi- 
 dent that neither supposition is correct. The historian of Ipswich, in the 
 passage already quoted, and the editor of our Colonial Eecordsf both say 
 that the Ward alluded to in the Court Eecords, was Nathaniel, (the father 
 of John AVard,) who was, it seems, very anxious to find some good place 
 for his son to settle in the ministry. 
 
 That John Ward did not settle in Haverhill as early as 1640 is evident 
 from the fact that he preached at Agamenticus (now York, Me.) in the 
 early part of 1641, and perhaps later, Winthrop, (Hist. 2, p. 34) under 
 date of Feb. 29, 1641, says: 
 
 " Mr. Peters and Mr. Dal ton, with one of Acomenticus, went from Pis- 
 cataquack, with Mr. John Ward, who was to he entertained there for their 
 minister ; and though it be but six miles, yet they lost their way, and 
 wandered two days and one night, without food or fire, in the snow and 
 wet. But Grod heard their prayers, wherein they earnestly pressed him 
 
 "' Hist. Ipawich, 18-4. t Br. Shurtlefi'. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 39 
 
 for the honor of his great name, and when they were even quite spent, he 
 brought them to the sea-side, near the place where they were to go, blessed 
 forever be his name." 
 
 After diligent search, we have been unable to find the name of any 
 other John Ward to whom the incident could refer ; and, to strengthen us 
 in our supposition, no writer except Mirick (in his History of the town) 
 places the date of Mr. "Ward's coming to Haverhill earlier than sometime 
 in the year 1641. Mather (Mag. 2, 470) says of him : " The first notice 
 of him that occurs to me, being in the year 1639, when he came over into 
 these parts of America; and settled therein the year 1641, in a town 
 also called Haveril." Farmer (N. E. Geneo.) gives the date of Mr. 
 Ward's settlement in Haverhill as 1645. He evidently, however, mistakes 
 Mr. Ward's settlement as minister, for his first settlement in the town. 
 Felt, (Hist. Ips.) under date of 1641, says: — "Kev. John Ward, Mr. 
 John Favor, and Hugh Sherratt went from Ipswich to Haverhill ; " and 
 Allen, (Am. Biog. and Hist. Diet., p. 571) says "he preached for some 
 time at Agamenticus, but in 1641 was settled at Haverhill, then a new 
 plantation." 
 
 We have directed our attention to the history of the church at York, 
 Me., but without receiving any additional light upon the point. Green- 
 leaf (Eccl. Hist. Maine) informs us that "the first preacher at York of 
 whom any account is preserved, was one Burdett, who came hither from 
 Exeter." And, in another place, he says, "no record can be found at 
 this day of the first gathering and embodying of the church in this town, 
 nor the proceedings of the church under the two first ministers. It is 
 presumed, however, that it was organized in the year 1673. In that year, 
 the Eev. Shubal Dummer was ordained at York ; and as the uniform prac- 
 tice had been to gather and organize a church before settling a minister, it 
 is highly probable that the church is to be dated from that year." 
 
 The first mention made of Mr. Ward, in the Town Eecords of Haver- 
 hill, is a note at the bottom of the page, under the year 1643, stating that 
 on the 29th of Sept., 1642, he had "sixteen acres of land laid out to 
 him for a home-lot, with all the accommodations thereunto belonging." 
 
 Aside from the almost certain fact that Mr. Ward preached at York as 
 late as 1641, and the weight of written authority that his settlement in 
 Haverhill was in that year, much stress, we think, may be placed on the 
 strong improbability of a person in his circumstances and position accom- 
 panying a small pioneer company of persons to break ground for a new 
 settlement. Such labor was, at least, not usual for a " minister." It 
 
40 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 would seem more reasonable that lie should have waited until the settle- 
 ment had been made, before he took up his residence among them ; and 
 such, we believe was the fact. It is probable he came to the new planta- 
 tion about the fall of 1641. So pleased were the settlers with their good 
 fortune in securing his settlement among them, that they named the place 
 •' Haverhill," that being the name of his birth-place, in England. 
 
 John Ward, the master-spirit of this hardy band of pioneers, was a 
 son of Rev. Nathaniel Ward,-- and a grandson of Eev. John Ward, a 
 worthy and distinguished minister of Haverhill, England. He was born 
 in Haverhill, Essex Co., England, Nov. 5, 1606. He received the degree 
 of A. B. in 1626, and that of A. M. in 1630, at the University of Cam- 
 bridge, England. He came to this country in 1639. 
 
 Matherf speaks of him as "learned, ingenious, and religious. He was 
 a person of quick apprehension, a clear understanding, a strong memory, 
 a facetious conversation, an exact grammarian, an expert physician, and, 
 which, was the top of all, a thorough divine ; but, which rarely happens, 
 these endowments of his mind were accompanied with a most healthy, 
 hardy, and agile constitution of body, which enabled him to make nothing 
 of walking on foot a journey as long as thirty miles together. Such was 
 the blessing of God upon his religious education, that he was not only re- 
 strained from the vices of immorality in all his younger days, but also 
 inclined unto all virtuous actions. Of young persons, he would himself 
 give this advice : Whatever you do, be sure to maintain shame in them ; 
 for if that be once gone, there is no hope that they'll ever come to good. 
 Accordingly, our Ward was always ashamed of doing any ill thing. He 
 was of a modest and bashful disposition, and very sparing of speaking, 
 especially before strangers, or such as he thought his betters. He was 
 wonderfully temperate in meat, in drink, in sleep, and he was always ex- 
 pressed, I had almost said, affected, a peculiar sobriety of apparal. He 
 was a son most exemplarily dutiful unto his parents ; and having paid 
 some considerable debts of his father, he would afterwards humbly ob- 
 
 « Rev. Nathaniel Ward, a son of Rev. John Ward, was born in 1570, and educated at the University 
 of Cambridge. He was, for some time, pastor of a church at Standon, in Hertfordshire, but being driven 
 out of England for his non-conformity, he emigrated to New England in 1634, and settled as pastor ol the 
 church at Ipswich, then called Agawam. He was bred a lawyer, and, in 1638, was appointed by the General • 
 Court to draw up a code of laws for New England. Though a pious man, he was very eccentric in his conduct. 
 He soon left his charge at Ipswich, was without employment for some time, and returned to England in 
 1647. He was afterwards a settled minister at Sheffield He died in 1653. He wrote several books of 
 humor, and some learned treatises, but none have come down to us but the one entitled " The Simple 
 Cobler of Agawam," which he wrote at Ipswich, and which has passed through many editions. 
 t Magnalia. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 41 
 
 serve and confess, that God had abundantly recompensed this his dutiful- 
 ness, 
 
 " Though he had great oifers of rich matches in England, yet he chose 
 to marry a meaner person,"- whom exemplary piety had recommended. He 
 lived with her for more than forty years, in such an happy harmony, that 
 when she died he professed that in all this time, he never had received 
 one displeasing word or look from her. Although she would so faithfully 
 tell him of everything that might seem amendable in him, that he would 
 compare her to an accusing conscience, yet she ever pleased him wonder- 
 fully ; and she would often put upon him the duties of secret fasts, and 
 when she met with any thing in reading that she counted singularly 
 agreeable, she would still impart it unto him. Fov which cause, when he 
 lost this his mate, he caused these words to be fairly written on his table- 
 board. — 
 
 In LiigenJa Compare, Vitie Spacium Complcat Orbus. 
 
 And there is this memorable passage to be added. ^Vhile she was a maid 
 there was ensured unto her, the revenue of a parsonage worth two hundred 
 pounds per annum, iu case that she married a minister. And all this had 
 been given to our "Ward, in case he had conformed unto the doubtful mat- 
 ters of the Church of England ; but he left all the allurements and 
 enjoyments of England, choosing rather to suffer aiSiction with the people 
 of God in a wilderness. 
 
 " Although he would say, there is no place for fishing like the sea. and 
 the more hearers a minister has, the more hope there is that some of them 
 will be catched in the nets of the Gospel ; nevertheless, through his 
 humility and reservation, it came to pass, that as he chose to begin his 
 ministry in Old England at a very small place, thus when he came to New 
 England he chose to settle with a new plantation, where he could expect 
 none but small circumstances all his days. He did not love to appear 
 upon the public stage himself, and there appeared few there, whom he did 
 not prefer above himself : but when he was there, every one might see 
 how conscientiously he sought the edification of the souls of the plainest 
 auditors, before the ostentation of his own abilities. And from the like 
 diffidence it was, that he would never manage any ecclesiastical affairs in 
 his church, without previous and prudent consultations with the best advi- 
 sors that he knew : he would say he had rather always follow advice 
 though sometimes the advice might mislead him, than ever act without 
 advice, though he might happen to do well by no advice but his own." 
 
 " Alice Edmunds, by whom he had two children, Elizabeth and ilarv. His wife died March 24, 1680. 
 
 6 
 
42 HISTORY OF IIAVERUILL, 
 
 Pleasant, indeed, is it to be able to point to so amiable and exemplary 
 an individual as one of the founders of our town, and the spiritual and tem- 
 poral adviser and master-spirit of its early settlers. Mr. Ward died 
 December 27, 1693. 
 
 Of tbe previous history of the associates of Mr. Ward in his arduous 
 enterprise, we have been able to glean but few particulars, — which may 
 be found in another place. For the present, suffice it to say, that their 
 descendents have ever been, and yet are, among our best and most prom- 
 inent citizens. 
 
 At the succeeding October court, •' Mr. EdAvard Woodman, Mr. Paine, 
 and Mr. Nelson, were appointed to view the bounds between Colchester 
 (Salisbury) and Mr. AVard's plantation,"- from which it would seem that 
 the work of settling had been begun in earnest. The first house was 
 erected near the old burying ground, f and for some time the principal 
 settlements were made in that vicinity, though land was cleared and broken, 
 and houses built in other parts of the town. It was nearly two years, 
 however, before a house was erected as far from the centre as Little Kiver, 
 aboiat which time one Avas built near where AVinter Street noAV crosses 
 that stream. 
 
 The Indian name of the region included within the present bounds of 
 the town, was Pentuckeit, and it was at one time the home of quite a 
 numerous tribe of that name, who were under the jurisdiction of Passa- 
 connaway, chief of the Pennacooks. Their principal village is supposed to 
 have been on the banks of Little River, not far from its mouth ; and the 
 second house on Merrimack street, east from Emerson street, stands upon 
 their ancient burial ground. AYhen the cellar of the above house was 
 excavated, a number of Indian skeletons were dug up, in a very good state 
 of preservation. + Heads of arrows, stone mortars, and other Indian relics, 
 have frequently been found in that vicinity, thus confirming the tradition 
 of a settlement thereabouts. 
 
 AVe have now no means of knowing how many of the aboriginees still 
 lived here at the time of Mr. AVard's settlement, but circumstantial evi- 
 dence indicates that they were few in number. In but few of the early 
 accounts of the native inhabitants is any mention made of any tribe or 
 tribes at this place ; and where mentioned, it is as a remnant — the last 
 few — of a once vigorous tribe. On the other hand, the wording of the deed, 
 
 -Colonial Records — 1. t Now called Pen tucket Cemetery. 
 
 J One of the workmen upon the occasion drank a bumper of punch to the memory of the original 
 inhabitants, /ro»)t one of the skulls thus brought to light! 
 
HISTORY OF HAA'SRIIIIL. 43 
 
 and the small sum paid for the large extent of territory, strongly favor the 
 conclusion that but two families of the natives then remained." It is 
 probable that the terrible pestilence of 1613, in its desolating march from 
 the Kennebec to the Narragansett, included the Pentuckets among its vic- 
 tims, and left only a few to await the approach of civilization. The rude 
 marks upon this deed, are the only memorial we have left of the aboriginal 
 inhabitants of Pentucket. They have faded away. As leaves before the 
 chilling frosts, so have they fallen and withered before the breath of civil- 
 ization, and silently sunk into the graves of their fathers. 
 
 Soon after the settlement of the place, it was named Haverhill, in 
 compliment to Mr. Ward, who was born, as we have mentioned, in Haver- 
 hill, Essex County, England. 
 
 At the session of the General Court, in the succeeding June, (1641) 
 " Mr. John Woodbridge, Matthew Bayse, John Crosse and George Giddings, 
 they four, or any three of them, are appointed to set out the bounds of 
 Salisbury and Pentucket, alias Haverhill; they are to determine the 
 bounds which Mr. Ward and his company are to enjoy as a towne or vil- 
 lage, if they have six houses up by the next General Courte in the 8th 
 month," [October.] We must not suppose from this, that six houses had 
 not as yet been erected, because, as we have seen, twelve persons (and 
 probably most of them men of families) had already been here a year, 
 and had, within that time, received considerable accession to their numbers. 
 It would be strange indeed if they had not, by that time at least, double 
 the required number of houses erected. We should interpret the act of 
 the General Court as specifying the smallest number of dwellings that 
 should be reckoned as a town or village, rather than as declaring that so 
 
 ^ To show that Haverhill was not peculiar in th's respect, we mfiy refer to Newbury and Ipswich, once 
 without doubt the home of a large tribe of Indians. 
 
 Newbury was settled in the spring of 1635, but the first intimation of any Indians, either by record or 
 tradition, is in 1644, when a parcel of land was allotted to one "John Indian." The next mention is in 
 1650, when "Great Tom, Indian," sold to the selectmen of Newbury "all his right, title, and interest 
 in all the woods, commons and lands in Newbury, together with his three acres of planting land as it is 
 fenced in one entire fence in Newbury, lying near Indian Hill." There is no other notice of either of 
 these Indians. The next intimation of any Indians in that town, is in 1661, when the family of " Old 
 Will" is referred to, which was in 1663 the only Indian family in the town, and consisted of himself, wife, 
 and three daughters. 
 
 From a report made to the General Court in 1676, it appears there were then, "at and about Ipswich, 
 eight men and seventeen women and children, Indians, and at Dunstable, Wonolancet's company of about 
 sixty persons." 
 
 Coffm, in his valuable History of Kewbur;/, says: — " However large the population of this region 
 might once have been, it is certain that from various causes the race had become nearly extinct, when the 
 white population had determined to occupy the territory, thus providentially vacated; and it was with 
 the " knowledge, licence and good liking" of the few that remained, that the first settlers took possession 
 of this then howling wilderness." 
 
44 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 many as six houses had not as yet been erected in this new plantation." 
 At the time the town was first settled, it was covered with the thick, and 
 in many places almost impenetrable woods of the primitive forests, except- 
 ing the lowlands, or meadows. There were no pleasant fields, nor gardens, 
 nor public roads, nor cleared plats. Except where the timber had been 
 destroyed, or its growth prevented, by frequent fires, the groves were thick 
 and lofty. The Indians so often burned the country, to take deer and 
 other wild game, that in many parts of it there was but little small timber. 
 The meadows had been partially cleared by the Indians long before the 
 arrival of the white settlers, and were covered with a heavy growth of 
 grass, which grew remarkably thick and high. The Indians were accus- 
 tomed to set this grass on fire each autumn, so that they might the more 
 easily kill the deer which came to feed upon the young gi*ass the succeeding 
 spring. On account of the grass, these lands were prized very highly by 
 the first settlers, as from them they procured hay for their flocks and herds. 
 In the early settlement of this, and other New England towns, these 
 meadow lands were divided into small lots and distributed among the set- 
 tlers. In many cases the " meadow lot " was several miles distant from 
 the house of the owner, and as roads and other conveniences of travel and 
 transportation had not as yet been introdaced, we can easily imagine that 
 "haying" was then a much more laborious and expensive matter than 
 now. After being cut and cured, the dried grass was piled in stacks on 
 the meadows, and left until winter, when it was hauled home on sleds, by 
 oxen. 
 
 The forests were filled with the various kinds of birds and small ani- 
 mals peculiar to Xcw England. The worst enemy, of the beast kind, to 
 the infant settlement, was the wolf. These gave a great deal of trouble, 
 and at one time had become so bold and troublesome, that a large plat of 
 ground was enclosed near the common, and used as a pasture for the sheep. 
 Shepherds were appointed to watch over them, and at night they were 
 closely folded, as a still greater security. Even after the town had become 
 quite extensivel}' settled, these voracious prowlers did much and frequent 
 damage by their depredations, and the town at various times oflFered liberal 
 bounties for their destruction. 
 
 Though only twelve persons composed the first party of settlers in the 
 town, their numbers were soon increased by the arrival of others. Of 
 those who arrived in 1640 and 1641, we are able to give the names of only 
 
 '> A newspaper story writer (1832) says, that in the autnmn of 1641 there were only six houses in he 
 town. We presume his statement is founded upon the nhove mentioned vote of the General Court. 
 
HISTORY OF IIATERIIILL. 45 
 
 Job Clements (son of Eobert), Jolm Favor, and Hugh Sherratt, tliougli 
 we are confident that several others came as early as -the spring of 1641. 
 
 The winter of 1641-2 was unusually severe. Boston harbor was frozen 
 over so deeply that it was passable for horses, carts, and oxen for six 
 weeks. 
 
 The first recorded birth in the town was that of John Eobinson, (son of 
 John) who survived but three weeks. The second birth was also a son of 
 the same, in 1642, who lived but one week. The third child born, was 
 Deborah, daughter of Tristam Coflin, in 1642, who lived only six weeks." 
 The simple record of these early deaths in that little community, consid- 
 ered in connection with the exceeding severity of the preceding winter, 
 and the known cares, anxiety and labor that always attend a first settle- 
 ment, even under the most favorable circumstances, clearly and most 
 touchingly tells of denials, exposures, and life-destroying hardships. 
 
 Hardly had the little company commenced life in their new home, when 
 intelligence was received by the Governor, from Connecticut, (September, 
 1642) that "the Indians all over the country had combined themselves 
 to cut ofi" the English."! 
 
 The time appointed for the massacre, was soon after the harvest. The 
 Indians were to divide themselves into small parties, and visit the houses 
 of the principal men for the professed purpose of trading, while others 
 concealed themselves in the vicinity. At a given signal, those in the 
 houses were to fall upon the owners, slay them, and seize upon their weap- 
 ons, while the concealed party were to rush in and assist in completing 
 the bloody Avork. 
 
 Upon the reception of this intelligence, it was thought advisable, by the 
 Governor and Council, to disarm all the Indians within our jurisdiction. 
 A warrant was accordingly sent to Ipswich, Kowley and Xewbmy, " to dis- 
 arm Pasaconnaway, who lived by Merrimack." The next day forty armed 
 men were sent for that purpose, although it was the Sabbath, and a heavy 
 rain was falling. On account of the rain, they could not reach his wig- 
 
 ~ The following gives the number 1 1 liirths and deaths in the towu each year, from 1641 to 1661, so far 
 as given in the town records : 
 
 BIRTHS. 
 
 1 in 1641 
 
 8 in 
 
 1648 
 
 10 ir 
 
 1655 
 
 2 " 1642 
 
 9 • 
 
 1649 
 
 i) ■ 
 
 1656 
 
 1 " 1643 
 
 7 ' 
 
 16:50 
 
 12 • 
 
 1657 
 
 1 " 1644 
 
 U ' 
 
 1651 
 
 11 ' 
 
 1658 
 
 3 " 1645 
 
 10 ' 
 
 1652 
 
 8 ' 
 
 1659 
 
 6 " 1646 
 
 10 ' 
 
 1653 
 
 11 ' 
 
 1660 
 
 5 " 1G47 
 
 10 ' 
 
 1654 
 
 13 • 
 
 1661 
 
 t Winthrop. 2- 
 
 -78-87 
 
 
 
 
 Dr;ATUs. 
 
 1 in 1641 
 
 1 in 1651 
 
 2 in 1058 
 
 2 " 1642 
 
 2 " 1652 
 
 4 " 1659 
 
 1 " 1646 
 
 1 " 1653 
 
 3 " 1660 
 
 1 " 1647 
 
 6 " 1654 
 
 1 " 1661 
 
 1 " 1648 
 
 5 " 1657 
 
 8 " 1663 
 
 3 " 1650 
 
 
 
46 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 warn, but came to his son's, and took him and his squaw and child 
 prisoners. On their return, they led the son with a line, for fear of his 
 escape. He, however, eluded their vigilance and escaped into the woods. 
 
 Upon learning of this unwarrantable proceeding, the Grovernor and 
 Council immediately sent a friendly messenger in search of Passaconna- 
 way, to inform him that the capture of his son and his family was without 
 their orders, and also to tell him the reasons why they had disarmed the 
 Indians in their jurisdiction. The woman and child were also sent back. 
 The mission proved successful, and in a few days the chief sent his oldest 
 son to deliver up his guns to the English. 
 
 No massacre of the kind was, however, perpetrated ; but it was after- 
 ward ascertained that such a plot had existed, headed by the chief of the 
 Narragansetts. 
 
 Though the town was settled and houses erected in 1G40, it was not 
 until more than two years afterward that a title to the land was purchased 
 of the Indian owners. As it was usual for the Massachusetts settlers to 
 buy the land they wished to occupy, we are left in doubt as to the reason 
 why the Haverhill men did not sooner make such a purchase. The most 
 reasonable solution wc can give is, that when the white settlers first came 
 to Pentucket there were no Indians living here ; and that afterward one 
 or two families, descendants, perhaps, of the original owners, straying back 
 to their old hunting and fishing grounds, and finding them in possession 
 of the "pale faces," had laid claim to the land ; or else that the number 
 of Indians living here was so small that they were not considered worth 
 noticing at all, until the startling intelligence of the intended massacre 
 suggested the purchase as a security against molestation from the Indians 
 near them. At any rate, the fact that the purchase was made within the 
 next month after the above-mentioned information first reached the Colony, 
 would seem to indicate some such a condition of things. The following is 
 a correct copy of the original deed, '•' of which we also give a perfect fac- 
 similie. 
 
 "• Know all men by these presents, that wee Passaquo and SaggaHew 
 with ye consent of Passaconnaway : have sold unto ye inhabitants of Pen- 
 tuckett all ye lands wee have in Pentuckett ; that is eyght myles in length 
 from ye little Eivver in Pentuckett Westward : Six myles in length from 
 ye aforesaid Rivver northward : And six myles in length from ye foresaid 
 
 *The original document was for a long time in the possession of the descendants of William White, 
 one of the witnesses to the deed, hut at the suggestion of the writer, it has recentlj"- been presented to the 
 Town of Haverhill, by E. A. Porter, Esq., administrator of the estate of the late Charles White, Esq . 
 As it was originally given to " the inhabitants of Pentuckett," it seems appropriate and proper that it 
 should be in the possession of the Town, and wc are pleased to announce that it has been so disposed of. 
 
FAC-SIMIIiE OF THE INDIAN DEED OP 
 
 L 
 
 
 (n 
 
 .4 
 
 * iw ifef 
 
 1 
 
 
 >^> 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 .^, 
 
IE TOWNSHIP OF HAVERHILL, MASS. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 47 
 
 Rivver Eastward, with yc Ileand and ye rivver that ye ileand stand in as 
 far in length as ye land lyes by as formerly expressed : that is, fourteen 
 myles in length : And wee ye said Passaquo and SaggaHew Ty'ith ye con- 
 sent of Passaconnaway, have sold unto ye said inhabitants all ye right 
 that wee or any of us have in ye said ground and Ileand and Eivver : 
 And wee warrant it against all or any other Indeans whatsoever unto ye 
 said Inhabitants of Pentuckett, and to their heires and assignes forever 
 Dated ye fifteenth day of november Ann Dom 164-2. 
 
 Witnes our hands and seales to this bargayne of sale ye day and year 
 above written (in ye presents of us,) wee ye said Passaquo & SaggaHew 
 have received in hand, for & in consideration of ye same three pounds & 
 ten shiHin.<2;s. 
 
 .folin Ward 
 Robert Cletmnts 
 
 Tristram Coffin 
 Hugh Sherratt 
 
 William White 
 
 ye signe of (1) 
 
 o 
 
 Thomas Davis 
 
 Passaquo 
 
 ye marke of 
 (A how and arruic.) 
 Passaquo. 
 
 ye marke of 
 
 (A hoiv and arrow.) 
 
 Saggahew. 
 
 [seal.] 
 
 Saggahew. 
 
 [seal.] 
 
 On the side of it the following is written : — '• Entered and recorded in 
 ye County Records for Norfolk (lib. 2d, pa. 209) yc 29th day of April 
 1671 As attest Tho. Bradbury Recorder. 
 
 Recorded ye first of April 1681 among ye records of Lands for Essex 
 at Ipswich : As attest Robert Lord Recorder." 
 
 On the outside it is endorsed, *' The purchase from the Indians by Ha- 
 verhill men. Recorded." 
 
 In 1680, the deed was copied into the Town Records, and the following 
 testimony, taken by Nathaniel Saltonstall, is written on the succeeding 
 page. 
 
 " The Rev. Teacher of ye church & towne of Haverhill, Mr. John 
 Ward ; & William White and Tho. Davis do testifie that Haverhill towne- 
 ship or lands then by ye Indians called Pentuckett, was purchased of ye 
 Indians as is mentioned in ye deed in this paper contained, which is en- 
 tered upon record and that wee were then inhabitants at Haverhill and 
 
48 HISTOKY OF IIAVERIIILL. 
 
 present with ye Indians Passaquo and Saggahew (who were ye apparent 
 owners of ye land & so accounted) did signe and confirme ye same ; and 
 that then, wee, (with others now dead) did signe our names to ye deed, 
 which land wee have ever since enjoyed peaceably without any Indian 
 molestation from the grantors or their heirs. Taken upon February ye 4th 
 1680 before Nath. Saltonstall. Assist." 
 
 " Lieut. Brown and Lieut. Ladd both affirm upon oath that what is 
 entered in the records for Haverhill as the deed of purchase from the In- 
 dians of Haverhill Township or lands, of which the deed above written is 
 a true copy, was, and is a true copy, extract, or transcript of the original 
 deed given by the Indians. Taken upon oath, February the 4th, 168U. 
 Before me, Nath'l Saltonstall. Assist." 
 
 The following brief biographical notices of the witnesses to this import- 
 ant instrument, will doubtless be read with interest. 
 
 Of Jo/m Ward we have already given an extended notice, and will only 
 add, that he married Alice Edmunds, in 1646, by whom he had two chil- 
 dren, Elizabeth and Mary ( ■). His wife died March 24, 1680. 
 
 Robert Clement came from England, in the early part of 1 642, landing 
 at Salisbury, from whence he came to Havei'hill sometime in the fol- 
 lowing summer, with his wife and four children — John, Lydia, Eobert 
 and Sarah. Job, his son, came as early as 1640-1, doubtless to "spye 
 out the land." His youngest daughter, Mary, remained in England (in 
 the city of Coventry, in Warwickshire) until about 1652, when she also 
 came over to Haverhill, and was soon after married by her father to John 
 Osgood, of Andover, Mass. 
 
 Robert, senior, was the first Deputy of the town to the General Court, 
 and until 1654 ; was associate Judge ; County Commissioner ; "appointed 
 and empowered by the Cleneral Court to give the oath of fidelity to the in- 
 habitants of Haverhill; " appointed to set ofi" the public lands, fix their 
 limits, &c. He was a man of rare integrity, and superior talent, as may 
 readily be judged from the responsible stations he was repeatedly called to 
 fill. He died on the spot where he first settled, in 1658, aged about 
 
 « Elizabeth, bora April 1, 1647, and died April 19, 1714; Mary born June 24, 1649, died Oct. 11, 168.>. 
 Klizabeth married Xathmiel Saltonstall, Dee. 28, 1663, and had five children :. — 
 Gurdon, born March 27, 1666, died in 1724. 
 Elizabeth, born September 17, 1663. 
 Richard, born April 25, 1672, died April 22, 1714. 
 Nathaniel, bom September 5, 1674. 
 John, born August 14, 167G, died October 2, 1G81. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 49 
 
 68 ('•'). He owned, wlien he died, the first grist-mill built in town. His 
 son Eobert, whom Mirick confounds with Eobert sen., was a cooper by 
 trade, and the first one in town. In 1652 he married Elizabeth Fane, by 
 whom he had eleven children. He held several town offices, was a large 
 landholder, and lived near where the " Exchange Building" is now situ- 
 ated. We have not ascertained the time of his death, but he was living 
 in 1684. His wife died in 1715. 
 
 Job was a tanner (probably the first in town), and married Margaret 
 Dummer — the first marriage in town. 
 
 John, was a farmer, and married Sarah Osgood. 
 
 The Clements for a long time occupied a prominent position in the town 
 and county, and their descendants have ever been considered as among our 
 best citizens. Several generations of them have lived on the place now 
 owned by Jessee Clement (in the ISTorth Parish) , who is a lineal descend- 
 ant from Eobert sen. 
 
 Tristram Gojfyn was born in 1609, in Brixham parish, town of Ply- 
 mouth, in Devonshire, England. He was the son of Peter and Joanna 
 Cofiyn. Tristram marri.ed Dionis Stevens, and in 1642, after the death 
 of his father, he came to Xew England, bringing with him his mother, f 
 his two sisters, Eunice and Mary, his wife, and five children (Peter, Tris- 
 tram, Elizabeth, James, and John). 
 
 « " The inventory of Mr. Robert Clements, his ;»oods and estates in New England, excepting some small 
 debts which cannot yet be accompted, he died ye 29th of Sept., 1658. 
 
 £ s. d. 
 
 Iny his wearing apparell 10 18 00 
 
 It (*) his purse, money, silver, seal and 
 
 ring 1 07 00 
 
 It by one bill owing him 55 00 00 
 
 It one payer of Steers 3 06 08 
 
 It twenty bushell of rie 10 00 00 
 
 It one cow and 30 lbs of rie 5 00 00 
 
 It one bill 8 15 00 
 
 It one bill 12 15 00 
 
 It one bill 56 00 00 
 
 It one bill 5 00 00 
 
 It one bill 06 06 00 
 
 It one bill 14 00 00 
 
 It one bill 03 03 00 
 
 It one bill 04 00 00 
 
 It one bill ..'. 07 12 00 
 
 It one engagement of rent for land 05 00 00 
 
 It 4 cows, 2 steers, one heifer 22 00 00 
 
 It 3 mares, 1 pbilli, 1 boss, 1 colt 69 00 00 
 
 It 3 cows 10 00 00 
 
 It in swine, calves and sheep, 10 15 00 
 
 It in bedding 25 13 00 
 
 It a psU (t) of cotton wooll & cotton 
 
 yarne, sheeps wooll, canvers & 
 
 fetbers 03 01 00 
 
 It on carpett, warmg pan, & cotton cloth. 01 10 00 
 
 t Who died in Boston in 1361, aged 77. Rev. John Wilson preached her funernl sermon, and "em- 
 balmed her memory." — Sewall. 
 
 7 
 
 £ s. d. 
 It his dwelling honse& accommodations.. 55 00 00 
 
 It 8 loads of hay & a psU linen cloth 05 00 00 
 
 It his grist mill 30 00 00 
 
 It one payer of oxen 12 00 00 
 
 It a psU of boards & two stocks of bees. .02 13 00 
 It wooden vessels and earthen vessels & 
 
 one spade 01 16 00 
 
 It cotton and linen yarn 02 10 00 
 
 It one debt 3 tr 03 00 00 
 
 It one debt of 10 tr 10 00 00 
 
 It in wheat & Indian corn 02 10 00 
 
 It for chests, Tunnes & cards Potts & 
 
 kettles 4 17 00 
 
 It several things, viz., fier shovel & tongs 
 
 Andyrons spitt, plough 05 17 16 
 
 It chajTis & such like Iron things 
 
 It in books fowling piece, table cloth and 
 
 napkins 03 18 00 
 
 These goods were apprized by us whose names 
 arts under written. 
 
 Trist. Coffyn, 
 Willi White. 
 
 "'•■ Item, 
 t Parcel. 
 
50 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 He came to New England early in the Spring of 1642. in the same ship 
 with Eobert Clements, and landed at Salisbury, from whence he came to 
 Haverhill sometime during the following summer. He seems to have set- 
 tled near Mr. Clements, and tradition has it that he was the first person 
 who plowed land in Haverhill. 
 
 Mirick says, that " in the following year he removed to the Eocks, 
 where, in 1645, he was liscenced to keep an ' ordinary,' or tavern — hence 
 the name ' Coffin's Ordinary.' " If, by the " Rocks," he means the place 
 then called by that name, and afterward designated as "Holt's Eocks," 
 (just below the bridge at Eock's Village) he is evidently mistaken in the 
 locality. Mr. Coffyn was licensed "to keep an ordinary cr^ Newberry, " 
 and also to " keep a ferry on Newbery side over Merrimack, when the 
 interest of George Carr shall be determined, and that George Carr shall 
 have liberty to keepe his boate going on Salisbery side." 
 
 The place where Mr. Coffyn settled was in Newbury, opposite what has 
 since been called Carr's Island — so called from the above-named George Carr. 
 Mirick gives the date of the license as 1645, and Coffin (Hist. Newbury) 
 1 644'''' ; but we cannot find it in the Colonial Eecords of either year. 
 Coffyn was first licensed on the 26th of May, 1647, and, as we have above 
 mentioned, to keep an ordinary " at Newberry f." He probably removed 
 there about that time. 
 
 Although Mr. Coffyn was the person licensed, it seems that Mrs. C. did 
 sometimes " help, aid, and assist," as we find that in 1645, she was "pre- 
 sented" for " selling beere at .3d a quarte," contrary to the law in such 
 case made and provided, which required four bushels of malt to the hogs- 
 head, and that it should be sold at 2d per quart.| Mrs. Coffyn made it 
 " appear to the Court " that she put in six bushels into a hogshead, where- 
 upon the Court acquitted her ! 
 
 " He also gives the same under the flats of December 26, 1647. 
 
 t It would seem, however, that there was a place in the easterly part of this town, known as Coffin's 
 Ordinary, about 1652. In that year, a second division of upland was made, in which James Davis re- 
 ceived forty acres, one piece of which was bounded as follows : " By James Davis sen. on the west ; (he 
 great river on the south ; on the north side a swamp ; on the east a brook ; the other part bounded by a 
 red oak at Coffin's ordinary running up that brook to a black oak, James Davis sen. on the east ; the 
 great river on the south. 
 
 X Some of the regulations concerning taverns, or ordinaries, are worth preserving ; and as matters of 
 curiosity and illustrations of the manners and customs of " ye olden time," we give sume of them. 
 
 In 1634, it w:as ordered by the General Court, " that noe pson that keepes an ordinary shall take 
 above vj d a meale for a pson, and ]iot above j d for an ale qnarte of beare, out of meale tyme, under 
 the penalty of xs for eury offience, either of dyet or beare. Likewise, that victulars, or keeps of an ordi- 
 nary, shall not suffer any tobacco to be taken into their houses, under the penalty of v s for eury ofrencc, 
 to be payde by the viotular, and xij d by the party that takes it." 
 
 Tobacco was evidently ftxr from being the popular weed of these more modern t'nies. Even its pri- 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 51 
 
 Mary, daughter of Tristram, married Nathaniel Starbuck, at Nantucket, 
 and all accounts agree in representing her as an extraordinary woman. 
 In the language of John Eichardson, an early writer, " the Islanders 
 esteemed her as a Judge among them, for little of moment was done with- 
 out her." It was her custom to attend their town meetings, where she 
 took an active part in the debates, usually commencing her address with 
 " my husband thinks " so and so ; but Eichardson says, that " she so far 
 exceeded him in soundness of judgment, clearness of understanding, and 
 an elegant way of expressing herself, and that not in an affected strain, 
 but very natural to her, that it tended to lessen the qualifications of her 
 husband." In 1701 she became a Quakeress," took the spiritual concerns 
 of the whole Island under her special superintendance, was speaker in 
 their religious meetings, wrote the quarterly epistles, and was distinguished 
 in every relation in life. Eespecting her domestic economy, the same 
 author observes : " the order of the house was such in all the parts thereof 
 as I had not seen the like before ; the large and bright- rubbed room was 
 set with suitable seats or chairs, [for a meeting] so that I did not see any 
 thing wanting according to place, but something to stand on, for I was not 
 free to set my feet upon the fine cane chair, lest I should break it." Mary 
 died in 1717. She had six children. The descendants of Tristram 
 
 vate use was "regulated," as will appear from the following: "Further, it is ordered, thai noe pson shall 
 take tobacco publiqucly, under the penalty of ij s v] d, nor privately, in his o^vne howse, or in the howse of 
 another, before strangers, and that two or more shall not take it together, any where, under the aforesaid 
 penalty for eury oflcuce." In 1637, "upon many sad complaints that much drunkeness, wast of the good 
 creatures of God, mispence of precious time, and other disorders have frequently fallen out in the inns, and 
 common victualing houses," the Court ordered that " it shall not bee lawfull for any persone that shall keepe 
 any such inne, or common \ictualling house, to sell or have in their houses any wine, nor strong waters, nor 
 any beare, or other drink other than such as may and shall be souled for Id the quarte at the most." 
 The Court also ordered that no beer should be brewed by any innholders or ™tualers, but only by lisenced 
 brewers, and that even they should not " sell nor utter any beare, or other drinke, of any stronger size 
 than such as may and shall be afforded at the rate of 8shs the barrell. 
 
 It does not appear, however, that these " Maine Laws " put a stop to the use of either tobacco or " stronc 
 water : " and the Court the next year relaxed the severity of the last named regulation, so as to allow 
 innkeepers and victuallers to brew their own beer. Two years after, they repealed the " orders about re- 
 straint of beer," and permitt:d it to be sold at 2d a quart, which was the rule when Mrs. Coffyn was 
 called to account in 1645. 
 
 * Since writing the above, we have found the following interesting paragraph in a Boston Paper, (Sep- 
 tember, 18j9) : " Narcissa B. Coffin of Nantucket, a well known minister of the Society of Friends, was 
 in Beverly for a short time on the 22d ult. She had just returned from Vermont and Upper New York, 
 where she had been engaged in visiting prisons, houses of bad repute, and almshouses, preaching the 
 Gospel to the inmates, sometimes with great hopefulness, many of the outcasts of society seeming glad to 
 hear of a Saviour. Mrs. Coffin is a granddaughter of Joseph Hoag, niece of Lindley Murray Hoag, and 
 daughter of Hannah Butrey, all of them well known and highly respected ministers in the Society of 
 Friends. Joseph Hoag had a large family, all of whom, both sons and daughters, with their companions 
 (except two) were preachers. Mrs. C. is the wife of Dr. Alex. G. Coffin, a worthy Friend, and a lineal 
 descendant of Tristram Coffin, one of the first settlers of Nantucket, who moved thither from Haverhill 
 about two hundred years ago. 
 
52 UISTORY OF UAVERHILL. 
 
 Coffin are very numerous ; among them was the distinguished Admiral 
 Sir Isaac Coffin ;•■' more than twelve thousand of that name were supposed 
 to be in the United States thirty years ago. 
 
 Hugh Sherratt came from Ipswich, in 1641, with Mr. Ward and John 
 Favor. In 1650 a house lot was granted him " over the little river," from 
 which we presume that he settled in that part of the town. As he was to 
 leave open a highway, " both by that and the great river," it would seem 
 that the location must have been in the vicinity of the westerly side of 
 what is now Washington Square, near the site of the " South Church." 
 At the time this lot was granted him, he, with several others, had laid 
 down his lot in the (Pond) plain. 
 
 From the fact that his name frequently appears in the Court records as 
 defendant in actions for debt, we judge that he must have been one of 
 those whose talent for accumulating property was not large. In 1662, he 
 was permitted to keep an ordinary, and to sell " strong water and wine at 
 retail." From this we should infer that he was a man of sobriety and 
 respectability, as in those days only such persons were permitted to occupy 
 so responsible a position. But his hard luck seems to have followed him 
 through life. In 1677, then in his ninety-ninth, year (his little remain- 
 ing property having been illegally taken from him,) the poor old man was 
 compelled to ask relief from the town. Then, as now, willing and prompt 
 to support its poor and needy, the town agreed with Peter Brewer to keep 
 him for five shillings per week, one half of which was to be paid in bread- 
 stuff, and the other in meat. Upon a motion " to know who would lend 
 corn, or meat, to the town, for the support of Hugh Sherratt ; and they 
 to be paid by the next town rates ; several engaged as followeth ; Piobert 
 Emerson, bacon; Joseph Emerson, beef, 6 lb.; Daniel Ela, beef, 12 lb. ; 
 Samuel Gile, beef, 6 lb ; Henry Kingsbury, Indian, 1 ; John Page Jr, 1 
 Ind. and meat 2 lb ; Thomas Eaton, 18 lb meat or corn; Eobert Ford Jr, 
 1-2 Ind ; Bartholomew Heath, pork 4 lb ; Thomas Davis, pork 4 lb, but- 
 ter 1 lb ; Michael Emerson, pork 4 lb ; Thomas Whittier, turnips 1 ; 
 Eobert Ayer, pork 6 lb ; Daniel Hendrick, meat 2 lb ; Peter Ayer 3 lb 
 meat or corn; Thomas Ayer Jr, 1 lb meat." 
 
 Considering that the town had now been settled nearly forty years, the 
 very small amounts specified in this loan excite our surprise. We can 
 hardly imagine that the time should ever have been when the loan of a 
 single pound of beef, or butter would have been deemed a notable thing, 
 and worthy of a place in the records of a town. Yet it was so. 
 
 « Admiral Coffiu lately established a school at Nantucket, for the children there who are descendants 
 from his ancester Tristram. The building was calculated for six hundred, but eight hundred young 
 Coffins presented themselves ! — Boston Paladium, July, 1829. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 53 
 
 The town was not towever, long called to bear the burden of supporting 
 the aged patriarch. The next year he reached the uncommon age of one 
 hundred years, and, ere its close, was laid to rest. He died September 
 6th, 1678, aged 100 years. 
 
 William White, whose name is attached to the deed, was one of the 
 pioneer band of settlers in the town, and came here from Newbury. He 
 was born in 1610, and came to* New England in 1635, settling at Ipswich. 
 He subsequently went to Newbury, and finally settled in this town, being 
 as we have seen, one of the first company of settlers. He died September 
 28, 1690, aged 80. His widow soon after removed to Ipswich, where she 
 died in 1693. Mr. AVhite settled on the farm now owned by Mr. James 
 D. White, and we find that he owned a farm in Newbury in 1650. Soon 
 after the church was gathered, he became a member, and was one of its 
 firmest pillars ; he had the honor of the town very much at heart, and was 
 esteemed by its citizens, and was frequently entrusted with its most im- 
 portant business. His descendants are exceedingly numerous, and are 
 scattered in almost every direction over the United States. In his will, 
 which is dated 2d January, 1683, he says : "I give to the Eev. Mr. Ward, 
 my Teacher, in Haverhill, 10s. in silver; I give to the church of Haver- 
 hill, of which I am a member, the linen cloth which is on the communion 
 table, and one of the pewter dishes which was mine, which was used 
 at the sacrament, and to be kept for that use only so long as it may 
 serve with decency for the common good of that society. My will is, that 
 the girl which was given to me by the girl's mother to breed up, if my 
 wife will keep her uutill John White [his son] marry, let her keep it, 
 otherwise John White to put her out to sum one who will bring her up in 
 good nurtour ; if afterward she live with John till she is 18 years of age, 
 or day of marriage, the said White is to cloth her well, and to give her 
 five pounds. I give to Edward Brumidge a cloth jacket, and britches, and 
 a shurt. all of mine own wearing." The amount of his property taken 
 after his decease, was £508, 10s. * 
 
 « This William White had one son, John, who m. Hannah French at Salem, on Aug. 23, 1662 and d, 
 Jan. 1, 1668-9, aged 29 leaving one son, John, b. March 8, 1664, m. Lydia Gilman, da'r of Hon. John Gil- 
 inau of Exeter, Oct. 24, 1687, and had many sons and da'rs, " whose descendants are exceedingly numer- 
 ous." He d. 1727. Said John and Lydia had sons William, Samuel, Nicholas. 2'imothy, (gradii. 
 Harv. Col. 1720) James and John, and da'rs Mary (m. to James Ayer of Hav'll 1710) Hannah (ra. to 
 Rev. Samnel Phillips of Andover 1712) Elizabeth, (m. Eev. Amos Maine of Rochester) Abigail, (m. 
 to Moses Hazeu 1728) was mother of Gen. Moses Hazen, — Lydia, (m. to Nath'l Pcaslee, Esq.,) and 
 Joanna. The last named William White m. Sarah Phillips, sister of sd, Samuel Phillips, .June 12, 
 1716, and had sons William, (merchant in Boston) Samuel, (Esq'r in Hav'll) John, (of Methuen, d. 
 ISOO Kg 80) Timothy (bookseller in Boston) Phillips, {oi Southampton, N. H., Judge of Prub., — Mem- 
 ber of Congress) and da'rs Mary (m. Eev. John Chandler, Billerica) and Sarah (m. Col. Wm. Thomp- 
 
54 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 Thomas Davis, whose mark is affixed to the deed was a sawyer, from 
 Marlborough, England, and, we believe, a brother of James, one of the 
 first company of settlers. He married in England, before emigrating to 
 America. He came to Newbury in 1641, and settled in Haverhill early 
 in the spring of 1642. He died July 27, 1683.- His wife died April 7, 
 1668. He had one son (Joseph) who died September 15, 1671.f 
 
 son of Billerica). Samuel White, (bro. of the Wm. who m. Sarah Phillips) m. Ruth Phillips, another 
 sister of Rev. Samuel Phillips, and was fathe.i of John White, Harvard College, 1751, and gr'd father of 
 Hon. Leonard White— R. C, 1787. 
 
 * Coffin and Mirick, speak of the descendants of Thomas Davis as very numerous, but we think they 
 must be mistaken. The only child of his mentioned in the Town Records, is Joseph, who died in 1671. 
 The numerous descendants referred to, are, we think, rather those of James, brother of Thomas ; and of 
 John, an early settler in Newbury. John died in 1673. He had seven children, and his descendants are 
 "very numerous," as are also those of James. As early as 1720, there were no less than nineteen fami- 
 lies of that name in town. 
 
 t Joseph, son of Thomas, was doubtless a wild boy, if we may judge from one of his capers. Under 
 the date of 1652, the Portsmouth Court Record thus refers to him : " Whereas it doth appear that Joseph 
 Davis of Haverhill was presented for putting on women's apparel and going from house to house in the 
 night time, with a female, and whereas the said parties being removed from Haverhill into this jurisdic- 
 tion, and being apprehended and brought into the Court at Strawberry Bank ; the said Joseph Davis is 
 judged to pay a fine of eight shillings, and also to make public acknowledgement of his fault on a lecture 
 day, before the next Court, in default of which he shall forfiet forty shillings more." We may charitably 
 presume that the unpleasant termination of his nocturnal adventure suspended his pursuit of pleasure in 
 that direction, at least. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 65 
 
 CHAPTEE VI. 
 
 FROM 1643 TO 1649. 
 
 MiRicK, in liis history, says, " the first lawful town-meeting was holden 
 this year " (1643). He douhtless based his decision upon the fact that no 
 record is preserved of any previous meeting of the inhabitants, but from 
 the fact that allusions are made to things done by them previous to that 
 time, we think it is correct to say that meetings were held as early as the 
 first year of the settlement. They were not, it is true, technically speak- 
 ing, fo^i?«-meetings, — because the plantation was not incorporated until 
 1645, — ^but were meetings of the inhabitants of the jylantation, at which 
 was transacted all business relating to the plantation, as such. The fact 
 that a note to the minutes of the first meeting recorded, mentions the lay- 
 ing out of land to Mr. John Ward, fourteen months previously, seems to 
 us conclusive, that the settlers held regular meetings from the first. While 
 the inhabitants were few, there was but little general business necessary 
 to be done by them, and that little could be so easily remembered, it was 
 hardly necessary to make a record of it. But as the settlers multiplied, 
 and their affairs became more complicated, they wisely made provision for 
 a regular record to be kept of all their doings in their collective capacity. 
 About this time, also, the General Court passed a law requiring a record 
 of births, marriages, and deaths to be regularly kept in each town ; and at 
 the May term of the Court, (1643) the colony was divided into four coun- 
 ties, Essex, Middlesex, Suffolk, and Norfolk. Haverhill was assigned to 
 Norfolk, which was composed of Salisbury, Hampton, Haverhill, Exeter, 
 Dover and Strawberry Bank, (Portsmouth). =••= At the same Court, a tract 
 of land containing six hundred acres was granted to Mr. Nathaniel Ward, 
 father of John Ward, " near Pentuckett, or as near as conveniently may 
 be." The Court also granted to Haverhill " a parcel of meadow-land 
 about six score acres more or less, west of Haverhill about six miles." 
 
 Under these circumstances, Eichard Littlehale was chosen "clerk of the 
 W'rits," and " town Eecorder,"f and commenced a regular record of 
 the births, marriages and deaths, in the town, and also the proceedings of the 
 
 * The Courts were holden alternately at Salisbm-y and Hampton. 
 
 t He continued in office till 166-1. The Court of Writs was a small Court established in town to try- 
 such causes as did not excaed forty shillings. It was sometimes called the Court for "small causes : " and 
 frequently the Clerk of the Writs and Town Recorder were filled by one person. 
 
56 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 inliabitants at their regular meetings. The date of the first meeting thus 
 recorded, is November 6, 1643, and the first vote passed was to prevent an 
 unnecessary destruction of timber. 
 
 The following is a correct copy of the vote: — ''Voted that no man 
 shall fall or cause to be fallen any timber upon the Comon but what he 
 shall make use of within nine months next after it is fallen or other- 
 wise it is and shall be forfieted." At the same meeting they voted, "that 
 there shall bee three hundred acres laid out for houselotts and no more ; 
 and that he that was worth two hundred pounds should have twenty acres 
 to his houselott, and none to exceed that number ; and so every one under 
 that sum, to have acres proportionable for his houselott, to gether with 
 meadow, and Common, and planting ground, proportion ably." This land 
 was laid out east of Little Eiver, where the village stands, and was called 
 an " accommodation grant." 
 
 An important movement of this year (164:3) was the " Confederation of 
 the New England Colonies." The original movement toward a confeder- 
 ation proceeded from the western colonies, and the first proposal came from 
 Connecticut. At first Massachusetts was indifferent to the measure, but 
 at the General Court in May, commissioners presented themselves at Bos- 
 ton from each of the three colonies, Plymouth, Connecticut, and New 
 Haven, and the Grovernor, with two magistrates and three deputies, were 
 authorized to treat on the part of Massachusetts.* At first the commis- 
 sion encountered some difficulties, but " after two or three meetings they 
 lovingly accorded," and agreed upon the terms of what, for important 
 purposes, was for many years a Federal Grovernment of the New England 
 Colonies. 
 
 The year 1643 is also memorable from a great earthquake, which hap- 
 pened on Sunday, March 5th. " It came with a rumbling noise, but 
 through the Lord's mercy it did no harm."i It was also a year of want 
 and hunger. "Corn," says Winthrop, "was very scarce all over the 
 country, and many families in most towns had none to eat by the end of 
 April, but were forced to live of clams, muscles, dry-fish, and so forth, but 
 the merchants had great success in the sale of their pipe staves and fish." 
 The Trial, of Boston, "made a good voyage, which encouraged the 
 merchants, and made wine, sugar and cotton very plentiful and cheap in 
 the country. Our supplies from England failing much, men began to look 
 about them, and fell to a manufacture of cotton, whereof we had store 
 from Barbadoes, and of hemp and flax, wherein Eowley to their gi'eat 
 commendation exceeded all other towns."! 
 
 o Winthrop, 2—09. t Winthrop, 2—93. J Winthrop— 2 : 94, 9.", 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 57 
 
 On the fifth of July " there arose a sudden gust at northwest so violent 
 for an hour as it blew down multitudes of trees. It lifted up their meet- 
 ing house at Newbury, the people being in it. It darkened the air with 
 dust, yet through God's great mercy it did no hurt, but only killed one 
 Indian with the fall of a tree. It was straight (narrow) between Linne 
 (Lynn) and Hampton."" There was little rain this winter, and no snow 
 till the third of march, the wind continuing west and northwest near six 
 weeks."! 
 
 At a Town-meeting, holden the 6 th of the following February, it was 
 voted, "that all landholders shall pay all publique rates according to their 
 number of acres that they hold to their houselotts ; and if any man shall 
 buy one acre of meadow, one acre and halfe of planting ground, or one 
 acre of commonage to his houselott, he shall pay proportionably for every 
 acre or commonage with the houselott." 
 
 The former historian of the town, in referring to the above vote, says : 
 " It will be perceived that the landholders only paid the public taxes, and 
 that each man was rated according to the number of acres in his " house- 
 lot," and not according to the property he possessed." We wonder that 
 he should have been so careless in his statements. A reference to the vote 
 of the November preceding will show that the number of acres of each 
 house-lot depended entirely upon the number of pounds the settler was 
 worth. In other words, a man was granted land, and paid taxes, accord- 
 ing to the amount of property he possessed. 
 
 At the meeting of February 27th, it was " voted that Job Clement 
 should have a parcell of ground, not exceeding one quarter of an acre at 
 the Mill Brooke, being bounded forth by the Free-men to sett him up a 
 tann-house and tann-fatts upon, to him and his heirs forever." 
 
 The Mill Brook referred to, is the small stream running from the outlet 
 of Plug Pond to the Eiver, and which has retained the same name to the 
 present time. We have been unable to find any particular mention of a 
 mill upon it at that early period, but its being thus called renders it quite 
 certain that a mill (doubtless a corn-mill) had already been erected upon 
 it. It is worthy of note, that from that time to the present, the stream 
 has been occupied for the same purpose. 
 
 Job Clement, was a brother of Eobert, one of the witnesses to the 
 deed, and was the first tanner in town. His tannery was erected near 
 the mouth of the brook. As we mentioned in regard to a mill, so may we 
 say in regard to a tannery, that one has constantly existed upon the stream 
 from that time to the present. 
 
 • Winthrop— 2 : 124. t Winthrop— 2 : 155: 
 
 8 
 
58 HISTORY OP HAYERHILL. 
 
 September 19th, " two churclies were appointed to Tbe gathered, the one 
 at Haverhill, the other at Andover (both upon Merrimack river) . They 
 had given notice thereof to the magistrates and ministers of the neighbor- 
 ing churches, as is the manner with them in New England. The meeting of 
 the Assembly was to be at that time at Eowley, (the forementioned planta- 
 tions, being then but newly erected, were not capable to entertain them that 
 were like to be gathered together on that occasion) . But when they assembled 
 most of those who were to join together in church fellowship at that time, re- 
 fused to make the confession of their faith and repentance, because, as was 
 said, they declared it openly before in other Churches, upon their admis- 
 sion into them. Whereupon the messengers of the Churches not being 
 satisfied, the assembly brake, before they had accomplished what they in- 
 tended. But in October, 1645, messengers of Churches met together 
 again, on the same account, when such satisfaction was given, that Mr. 
 John Ward was ordained pastor of the Church in Haverhill, on the North 
 side of the said Merrimack, and Mr. John Woodbridge was ordained pastor 
 of the Church at Andover, on the south side of the same.'-' 
 
 The first marriage in town was that of Job Clement and Margaret Dum- 
 mer, who were married on the 25 th December. The second marriage was 
 that of Greorge Corlis and Joanna Davis, on the 26th of Oct., 1645.f 
 
 Among cotemporary matters of interest at this period, we may mention 
 the following : On the 5th of June, two ministers' sons, students in Har- 
 vard College — James Ward, son of Nathaniel Ward, (and brother of 
 John Ward of Haverhill) and a son of Eev. Thomas Welde of Eoxbury, — 
 being found guilty of robbing two dwelling houses in the night time of 
 eleven pounds in money, and thirty shillings worth of gunpowder, " were 
 ordered by the governors of the college to be there whipped, which was 
 performed by the President himself." This was the first punishment of 
 the kind within the walls of old Harvard. 
 
 In those days fish were commonly made use of by farmers in the vi- 
 cinity of rivers and fishing places, as manure for the corn, (a practice 
 copied from the Indians) , and from the following extracts, it would seem 
 that"doggs" were not only very numerous, but troublesome. The Ips- 
 wich records contain the following : 
 
 « Hubbard, 416 : Winthrop, 167. 
 
 t During the' twenty years succeeding the first marriage, (that is from 1644 to 1664), there were thirty, 
 seven marriages in town, viz : — 1 in 1644, 1 in 1645, 2 in 1646, 2 in 1647, 2 in 1648, 2 in 16o0. 2 in 1652 
 1 in 165;-), 2 in 1656, 1 in 1657, 2 in 1659, 1 in 1660, 3 in 1661, 5 in 1663, 10 in 1663. 
 
 It is probable the above includes also those inhabitants of the town who were married out of the town. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 59 
 
 "May 11. It is ordered that all doggs for the space of three weeks 
 after the publishing hereof, shall have one legg tyed up, and if such a 
 dogg shall break loose, and be found doing any harm, the owner of the 
 dogg shall pay damages ; if a man refuse to tye up his dogg's legg, and hee 
 be found scraping up fish in a corn field, the owner thereof shall pay 
 twelve pence damages, beside whatever damage the dogg doth. But if 
 any fish their house lotts and receive damage by doggs, the owners of 
 those house lotts shall bear the damage themselves," 
 
 The following is from the Exeter records : 
 
 " May 19, 1644. It is agreed that all dogs shall be clog'd and side- 
 lined in ye day, and tied up in ye night, and if any dogs shall be found 
 trespassing in the lots, they that shall find them shall showt them." 
 
 Wolves were also troublesome about this time, as we find in the records 
 of Exeter, Hampton, and Newbury, large bounties were ofiered for every 
 wolf killed.' ■' 
 
 " The winter of 1644-5 was very mild, and no snow lay, so as ploughs 
 might go most part of the winter, but on February sixteenth there fell so 
 great a snow in several days as the ways were unpassable for three weeks, 
 so as the court of assistants held not." f 
 
 Jan. 13, 1645, the town "Voted, That every inhabitant that will, may 
 make upon the common for every acre of house-lott which he hath, one 
 hundred of pipe-staves and no more ; provided he fall no timber for the 
 same within two full miles of the houselots." 
 
 The penalty for a violation of the above vote was five shillings. 
 
 At the town meeting of March 14, 1645, it was voted, " that every in- 
 habitant may keep for every acre that he hath to his house lott, either an 
 horse beast, ox, or cow, wth a foale or calfe, wth a year old, a two year 
 old, and a three year old, until they shall be of the age of three years and 
 an halfe, upon the commons appointed by the greater part of the freemen 
 and no more." 
 
 What was then called the commons, were such lands as were not granted 
 to any individual. 
 
 - So serious had the matter hecome, that in June, 1645, the General Court declared that : " Whereas, 
 great losse and damage doth befal this commonwealth by reason of wolves, which doe destroy so great 
 numbers of our catle, notwithstanding provision hathe formerly beene made by this court for suppressing 
 of them, and wee find little hath binn donne yt way for ye better inoouraging of any to sett about a work 
 of so great concernment, itt is therefore ordered, yt any person, either English or Indian, yt shall kill 
 any wolf or wolves within tenue miles of any plantation in this jurisdiction, shall have for evry woUe by 
 him or them so killed, tenne shillings, to be paid out of the treasiuy of ye county." — Col. Rec. 3: 17. 
 
 tWinthrop 2:210. 
 
60 
 
 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 John Ward, 
 Eobert Clement, 
 Job Clement, 
 John Clement, 
 Joseph Merrie, 
 Abraham Tylor, 
 Hugh Sherratt, 
 Henry Savage, 
 Christopher Hussey,'-'' 
 Daniel Hendrick,"' 
 John Williams,™' 
 
 James Fiske, 
 Thomas Hale," 
 James Davis, sen.'* 
 James Davis, jun.,* 
 John Eaton, 
 Bartholomew Heath," 
 Tristrain Coifyn, 
 Daniel Ladd, 
 Samuel Gile,'' 
 John Davis.'* 
 
 There were in town this year, as near as can be ascertained, thirty-two 
 landholders, viz : — 
 
 Eichard Littlehale,' 
 William Butler, 
 John Ayer, sen., 
 John Ayer, jun., 
 Joseph Peasley," 
 William Whiter- 
 John Eobinson," 
 Henry Palmer, =■' 
 Thomas Davis, '■•= 
 George Corliss, 
 Nathaniel Wier,'-' 
 
 Those names which have a =••■= attached to them were from Newbury. 
 
 George Corliss came from England to Newbury about the year 1639, 
 being at the time about twenty-two years of age. He is believed to be the 
 first one of the name who came to this country, and the ancestor of most 
 if not all of that name in New England. He married Joanna Davis, Oct; 
 26, 1645, by whom he had one son and seven daughters.* 
 
 Corliss was an enterprising and industrious man, and well qualified to 
 take a prominent part in the settlement of a new town. He settled in the 
 West Parish, on the farm of the late Ephraim Corliss, — now owned by his 
 son Charles, who is of the seventh generation from the original grantee, — 
 and at his death was possessed of a large landed property. He owned 
 most of the land on both sides of the old " Spicket Path," as it was then 
 called, for a distance of more than three miles. 
 
 John Robinson was a blacksmith, and came with the first settlers in 
 1640. In 1657 he bought a house-lot in Exeter, and soon after removed 
 to that place. 
 
 The plantation of Haverhill was this year incorporated into a town, 
 being the twenty-third town settled in the colony. 
 
 The first church was gathered in the summer of this year ; it consisted 
 of fourteen members, eight males and six females ; and Mr. John Ward 
 was ordained their pastor. Johnson, an early writer, says : — " The Town 
 of Haverhill was built much about this time, lying higher up than Salis- 
 bury upon the fair and large Eiver of Merrimack : the people are wholly 
 bent to improve their labor in tilling the earth and keeping of cattel. 
 
 o John, the son, married Mary Milford, Dec. 17, 1684, by whom he had four sons and two daughters. 
 His son John was the father of thirteen children. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 61 
 
 whose yearly increase encourages them to spend their days in those remote 
 parts. The constant penetrating further into this Wilderness hath caused 
 the wild and uncouth woods to be filled with frequented wayes, and the 
 large rivers to be overlaid with Bridges passeable both for horse and foot ; 
 this Town is of a large extent, supposed to be ten miles in length, there 
 being an overweaning desire in most men after Meadow land, which hath 
 caused many towns to grasp more into their hands than they could after- 
 ward possibly hold ; the people are labourers in gaining the goods of this 
 life, yet they are not unmindful also of the chiefend of their coming 
 hither, namely, to be made partakers of the blessed Ordinances of Christ, 
 that their souls might be refreshed by the continual income of his rich 
 grace, to which end they gathered into a church-body and called to office 
 the reverend Mr. Ward, son to the former named Mr. Ward, of Ipswich. 
 
 •With mind resolved run out thy race at length, 
 Young Ward, begin, whereas thy father left. 
 Left hath he not, but breaths for further strength. 
 Nor thou, nor he, are yet of hope bereft ; 
 Fruit of thy labours thou shal see so much, 
 The righteous shall hear of it, and rejoyce 
 When Babel falls by Christ's almighty touch, 
 All's folks shall praise him with a cheerful voice. 
 They prosper shall that Zion's building mend, 
 Then Ward cease not with toyle the stones to lay. 
 For great is he thee to this work assigned. 
 Whose pleasure is, heavens Crown shall be thy pay."* 
 
 At this early day, the houses of the settlers were all ou or near the 
 present site of the village, while their meadow, and upland (or ploughing 
 land) lots, were located in various parts of the town. Each man received 
 a number of acres in the village for a " house lot." The size of this, as 
 we have seen, was dependent on the amount of property he possessed. In 
 addition to the house-lot, each man received a portion of meadow, and 
 planting land, the number of acres being regulated by the size of the 
 house lot. The meadow and planting lands were often several miles dis- 
 tant from the house lot. In course of time, as the country became more 
 thickly settled, and the land cleared up, many of the settlers removed 
 from the village to their planting land. A natural desire to have all their 
 land as nearly in one body as possible, led to the frequent buying, selling 
 and exchanging of lots, and in course of time, the lots, or farms, of the 
 settlers, became more compact ; and, as their wealth increased, their num- 
 ber of acres also increased. 
 
 * This church was the 26th gathered in the colony. 
 
62 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL 
 
 As a specimen of the manner in whicli the land was first distributed, 
 we copy the following from the records of the town : — 
 
 1659 "Daniel Ladd's" accommodations. Six acres of accomYnoda- 
 ations: Four acres to his house lot ; more or lessf : Eobert Clement's 
 bounding on the east, and Henry Savage on the west. Five acres in the 
 plain : William White on the east and John Williams on the north. 
 Nine acres up the great river, Thomas Ayers on the east and George 
 Browne on the west. Four acres of meadow in the east meadow, more or 
 less ; Joseph Peasly on the south, and George Browne the north. One 
 acre and a half of meadow in the pond meadow ; James Davis sen on 
 the south, and Eobert Clement jun on the north. One acre of meadow at 
 Hawkes meadow ; John Davis on the south, and Thomas Whittier on the 
 north." 
 
 "Daniel Ladd's 2d division, containing 27 acres of upland,, be it more 
 or less ; with sixteen acres of ox-common and a half, bounded by George 
 Corley and John Hutchins on the west ; by a black oak, a white oak, a 
 red oak, and a walnut on the south ; by a walnut and a white oak on the 
 east, by two white oaks and an ash on the north. Three acres of meadow 
 lying on Spicket Eiver, bounded by Thomas Davis on the south, and Eob- 
 ert Clements on the north : and one spot of meadow at Primrose swamp, 
 and another spot at the east meadow, at the head of the meadow that 
 was John Davis's adjoining to his own. For the land that was taken 
 off Daniel Ladd's 3d division, we added a piece on the north side of the 
 highway round the meadow that was Goodman Hale's bounded by the high- 
 way and Merrie's Creek. Third division of meadow containing 3 acres, 
 be it more or less, bounded by John Page on the south, a pine on the east, 
 his own uplands on the west, and uplands on the north of the said 
 meadow, lying in mistake meadow." 
 
 Daniel Ladd doubtless found farming quite a different thing from what 
 most farmers of the present day find it. His house lot was in the village ; 
 his planting ground in two places, — a part of it " in the plain " from one 
 to two miles east of the village, and the other part " up the great river,'' 
 at least as fai-, on the west of the village — while his meadow lands were 
 in seven lots, and as many distinct meadows. East meadow was in the 
 easterly part of the town, three miles from his home lot, while Spicket 
 
 » Daniel Ladd, m. Ann . Children: Mary, b. Feb. 14 1646; Samuel, b. Nov. 1, 1649; Nath'l 
 
 b. Mar. 10,1653, d. (of wounds) Ang. 11, '91; Ezekiel, b. Sept. 16, 1654; Sarah, b. Nov. 4, 1657. 
 
 He died July 27, '93. She died Feb. 10, '94. 
 
 t The " more or less " refers to the rule adopted by the town of making up in quantity what might be 
 lacking in the quality of any lot. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 63 
 
 meadow was at least eiglit miles in the opposite direction. Pond meadow 
 was two miles northeast ; Hawkes' meadow some three miles west ; Prim- 
 rose swamp two miles northwest ; and mistake meadow somewhere in the 
 westerly part of the town. 
 
 When we reflect that in those days "highways " were at best hut prim- 
 itive cart paths, through the woods, with stumps still standing, hills 
 ungraded, and streams unbridged ; and that the land was new, rough, and 
 worked only by great labor, we may have a faint idea of some of the hard- 
 ships of our first settlers. Had they not been men of iron nerve, tireless 
 muscle, and indomitable energy and perseverance, our now beautiful town, 
 with its unsurpassed mosaic of cultivated fields, green hills, smiling lakes, 
 its majestic river, and murmuring streams, would still be but a waste and 
 howling wilderness, the home of wild beasts, and the hunting ground of 
 the miserable aboriginee. 
 
 At a town meeting on the 13th of January, 1646, it was voted that the 
 inhabitants should have liberty to make one hundred pipe staves, on the 
 common, for every acre which his house-lot contained; and "that they 
 should fall no timber within two miles of any of the house lotts." If a 
 person felled a tree within the prescribed limits, he was to pay five shil- 
 lings, which was to be appropriated for the benefit of the town ; or, if he 
 felled any more than was required to make his proportion of staves, he was 
 to pay the same sum. 
 
 It is pleasant to observe the great respect, and even veneration, in which 
 our fathers held their minister, or as they more frequently called him, 
 their Teacher. It not only speaks well for the Christian virtues of the 
 man, but for the sturdy moral character of his people. An early manifes- 
 tation of their regard for Mr. Ward is found in the following vote of 
 October 29, 1646: — 
 
 " Voted by all the freeholders then present at a lawful town meeting, 
 that Mr Ward our Teacher's land shall be rate free for his ministry dur- 
 ing his life, if he continue minister to the plantation, provided he use it 
 himself, but if he sell, let, or set any of it to hire, it shall pay rates pro- 
 portionable with our own : And that forty pounds p. an. shall be paid him 
 by the remainder of the 300 acres ■= for his ministry," 
 
 At this meeting the first selectmen were chosen ; they were Thomas 
 Hale, Henry Palmer, Thomas Davis, James Davis and William White. 
 
 In looking, over the records of this early date, we find that Goodman 
 was a common appellation among the men, excepting when they addressed 
 
 <* That is, the three hundred acres previously laid out for house lots. 
 
64 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 their minister, magistrate, or a militia officer above the grade of Lieuten- 
 ant ; to such they applied the title of Mister. Goodivife, or Goody, were 
 terms applied to women, excepting when addressing the wives of those 
 above mentioned, whom they called Madam. Mrs. was placed before 
 names of both married and unmarried women, when it was written, — 
 which was not so frequent as at present. 
 
 Hugh Sherratt was this year licensed by the General Court " to draw 
 wyne by retaill at Haverhill, paying tenn shillings p ann rent therefore to 
 ye countrye."-'^ 
 
 In order to avoid all cause of complaint on account of unequal rates of 
 taxation in the several towns, the G-eneral Court, at the November session 
 of this year (1646), adopted the following schedule of rates: — 
 
 " Cowes of four year ould and upward, o£ ; heifers and steers betwixt 
 3 and 4 year old, 4£ ; heifers and steers betwixt 2 and 3 year ould, fifty 
 shillings ; and between 1 and 2 year old 30s ; oxen 4 year old and up- 
 ward, 6£ ; horses and mares 4 year old and upward, 7£ ; 3 year ould 5£ ; 
 betwixt 2 and 3 year ould, 3£ ; yearlins 2£ : sheope above a year ould, 
 20s ; asses above a year ould, 2£." 
 
 Houses, lands, and all other visible estate, real or personal, was to be 
 valued according to what they were worth in the several places where they 
 were, proportionable to the above prices for cattle, &c. Hay and corn 
 growing were not to be rated. Towns were required to choose one of their 
 freemen, who, with the selectmen, should yearly make a true valuation of 
 all such ratable property in their several limits. This was the origin of 
 " assessors " as town officers.! 
 
 Attending town meetings was evidently considered by our ancestors as . 
 a duty each voter owed to the community in which he lived, and for the 
 neglect of which he deserved punishment. They even considered tardi- 
 ness in attending as meriting rebuke, as we find by the record of February 
 13, 1647, that John Ayer, sen., and James Fiske were fined " for not at- 
 tending the town meeting in season." 
 
 »Col. Rec. 3—109. 
 
 t Choosing Selectmen is of eariier date. In 1636 the General Court enacted, that " every particular 
 township should have power over its own affairs, and to settle mulcts upon any offender, upon any public 
 order, not exceeding twenty shillings, and liberty to choose prudential men, not exceeding seven, to order 
 the affairs of the town." 
 
 These men were at first called "the seven men," then "towne's men," then "towne's men select," and 
 finally " select men." Says the Rev. Richard Brown, in his diary, " they were chosen from quarter to 
 quarter by papers to discharge the business of the town, in taking in, or refusing any to come, into town, 
 as also to dispose of lands and lots, to make lawful orders, to impose fines on the breakers of orders, and 
 also to levy and distrain them, and were fully empowered of themselves to do what the town had power 
 for to do. The reason whereof was, the town judged it inconvenient and burdensome to be all called to- 
 gether on every occasion." 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 65 
 
 From tlie following entry in the records of tbe General Court, May, 
 164:7, it a2)pears that the justices, or commissioners, of the Court of the 
 Writs, or courts to try " small causes," were chosen by the several towns, 
 subject to the approval of the General Court : 
 
 " The town of Haverell having chosen Eobert Clements, Henry Palmer, 
 and Thorn: Hale to end small causes, they are alowed." 
 
 At the same court John Osgood (Andover) and Thom: Hale were ap- 
 pointed to "lay out the way from Andiver to Haverell; and James 
 Davis, jun., and Antho: Staniell from Haverhill to Excetter. " They also 
 appointed " a committee to view ye ryver, and make returne to ye Courte 
 of ye necessity and charge of a bridge." 
 
 The river above referred to was doubtless the Merrimack. Though the 
 committee were instructed to report to the next session of the Court, we 
 cannot find that they did so, or that any report was ever made upon the 
 matter. A bridge was not built at Haverhill until nearly a century and a 
 half afterward.-'- 
 
 The inhabitants this year petitioned the General Court for a tract of 
 land to enlarge the town. The following is the answer of the Court, which 
 was holden at Boston, 27th October: — "In answer to the petition of 
 Haverhill, ye Courte concieving such vast grants to be greatly prejudicial 
 to ye publick good, and little if at all advantageous to particular townships, 
 apprehending 4 miles square, or such a proportion, will accommodate a 
 sufficient tract of land ; in such a case thinke meete a Committee be chosen 
 to view the place and retui-ne their apprehensions to ye next General 
 Courte, to which end, with the petitioners consent, they have nominated 
 Mr. Dummer, Mr. Carlton, John Osgood, and Ensign Howlet, or any two 
 of them, provided Ensign Howlet be one to do it."j 
 
 At the same court it was ordered that every township in the jurisdic- 
 tion numbering " fifty householders, shall then forthwith appoint one 
 within their towne to teach all such children as shall resort to him to 
 write and reade, whose wages shall be paid either by ye parents or masters 
 of such children, or by ye inhabitants in general, by way of supply, as ye 
 major part of those that order ye prudentials of ye towne shall appoint ; 
 provided those yt send their children be not oJ)pressed by paying much 
 more yn they can have ym taught for in other towns ; and it is further 
 ordered, yt where any towne shall increase to ye number of 100 families 
 or householders, they shall set up a grammar school, ye mr thereof being 
 
 o 1794. 
 
 t Rich;ird Dummer, of Newbury; Edward Carleton, of Rowley; John Osgood, of Audovcr: and 
 Ensign Howlet, of Ipswich. 
 
66 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 able to instruct youtli so farr as they may be fitted for ye university, pro- 
 vided, yt if any towne neglect ye performance hereof above one yeare, yt 
 every such towne shall pay 5 £ to ye next schooll till they shall perform 
 this order." 
 
 This order of the General Court was the beginning of our now world- 
 renowned system of common schools. Haverhill did not at that time con- 
 tain the specified number of householders, and was consequently exempt 
 from the requirement. We do not find that a school was commenced here 
 until fourteen years afterward, and for many years subsequent to that time 
 a teacher was not regularly employed, according to law. 
 
 At the same court town marks were assigned to each town, for marking 
 cattle, &c. That of Haverhill was the letter H, which was to be put 
 upon the near quarter. 
 
 The following order was also passed : "Ye court being informed that 
 the soldiers of Haverhill are destitute of any officer to exercise them, it 
 is therefore ordered by this court, that all ye inhabitants, who have a right 
 to vote in ye election of officers, to meet and choose some meet person for 
 the place of Sei-geant to exercise them." 
 
 This is the first notice we find of a military company in this town, 
 though a company, or "trainband," was doubtless organized soon after 
 the first settlement of the town, — the laws of the Colony requiring such a 
 company in every town. As early as 1631, such companies were obliged 
 to train every Saturday. Not only were the able-bodied men required to 
 take part in this duty and exercise, but, by a law of 16-15, all youth from 
 ten to sixteen years of age, were ordered to be "instructed upon ye usual 
 training days, in ye exercise of armes, as small guns, halfe pikes, bowes 
 and arrowes, &c." Soldiers were obliged to furnish their own arms, for 
 which they were allowed to exchange produce in lieu of money. If any 
 under thirty years of age were destitute of means to purchase, they could 
 be bound to service to earn and pay for the same The constant danger of 
 attacks and surprises from the Indians, compelled the Colony to adopt 
 these vigorous measures, and provide every possible means for their defence. 
 Every town had its train-band, and its arrangements and signals for alarms, 
 rendevous, and organization in case of sudden attack ; watches and scouts, 
 were almost constantly employed ; and so imminent was the danger, that the 
 inhabitants never ventured to church without their arms. The men were 
 the last to enter the church, and the first to come out after service, and always 
 occupied seats nearest the door or aisles, that they might the more readily 
 repulse an attack. This was the origin of the present almost universal 
 New England custom of allowing the wives and daughters that part of the 
 
HISTOEY OF HAVERHILL. 67 
 
 pew farthest from the entrance, and their remaining after service until 
 the fathers and sons have first retired. The custom is, howevei*, slowly 
 becoming obsolete. 
 
 At this early period there was no bell in town to call the people together, 
 and, as a substitute, the town voted that " Eichard Littlehale should beat 
 the drum on the Lord's day morning and evening, and on lecture days, 
 for which, and also for writing public orders, he is to have 30 shillings ; 
 he is also to beat the drum for town meetings." 
 
 This year the settlement began to extend northward. Grrants of land 
 were made to Henry Palmer and others, in the plain north of the Pond- 
 meadow. A few houses had been built near the spot where Stevens' fac- 
 tory now stands ; and George Corliss had erected a log house on his farm 
 farther west. t 
 
 Thomas Whittier, of Newbury, came into town about this time, "and 
 brought a swarm of bees, which were probably the first in the place. They 
 were willed to him by Henry Rolfe, of Xewbury, who calls them "his best 
 swarm of bees." At that time they were no mean legacy, and their arri- 
 val was doubtless the " town talk." 
 
 Job Clement was this year (January 30, 1647) made a freeman at the 
 Ipswich Court, and sworn constable for Haverhill. He seems to have 
 been the first constable in the town. 
 
 Up to this time the town had no house for public worship. Tradition 
 says that on pleasant Sabbaths they assembled beneath the branches of a 
 large tree that stood near the burial ground, and at other times they doubt- 
 less assembled in private houses. The population had now become so 
 numerous that it was decided to build a house for worship, and at the 
 March meeting, 1G48, it was " voted that the Meeting House shall stand 
 on the lower knowle at the lower end of the Mill Lot." 
 
 What was then called the Mill Lot, was the ground now occupied by 
 Pentucket and Linwood cemeteries. The house was erected and finished 
 in the following autumn. It was twenty-six feet in length, twenty feet 
 rp2~r^~^ wide, and one story in height. It had neither 
 gallery nor cupola. It stood facing the river, 
 upon the slight elevation or knoll, about midway 
 between the south and the north bounds of Pen- 
 tucket Cemetery. It was underpinned with rough 
 stones, and several persons now living can remember of seeing the ruins of 
 the foundation. Mr. Kobert Willis informs us, that, in his early years, 
 he could distinctly trace the size and position of the building by these 
 foundation stones. 
 
68 
 
 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 At the September Court, 1047, tlie town was presented for not having 
 a ferry, and at the next March term it was " enjoy ned to provide a boat 
 for the convenience of passengers " within a reasonable time, " under a 
 penalty of 40s and fees." The town immediately appointed Thomas Hale 
 to keep the ferry. The price for feiTying was fixed at " one penny for a 
 passenger, two pence for cattel under two years old, and four pence for 
 such as were over that age." The ferry was established at the place still 
 called the " old ferry-way," a little east of the foot of Kent Street. The 
 inhabitants had from the first passed over the river at this place, but no 
 regular ferryman was appointed until this year. 
 
 At the town meeting March 3d, 1648, it was " voted that all men shall 
 have liberty to fell, or to let stand, any tree or trees which standeth at the 
 end of his lot, next the street or great river : and if any man shall fell 
 any such tree unto whom it doth not belong, he shall pay for every tree 
 five shillings, to be paid unto him at the end of whose lot it did grow." 
 
 What is now Water Street, was the first highway laid out. It was laid 
 out on the bank of the river, and the lots were bounded on the south by 
 the highway. The above vote allowed the owners of lots to fell any trees 
 that stood at the end of their lots ; *'. e., any trees in this highway opposite 
 to their lots. Some years subsequently, the owners of these lots were 
 permitted, during the pleasure of the town, to make use of the river as a 
 fence to the end of their several lots. In the original grants, these lots 
 were bounded '♦ on the highway and the great river," or to the river, " the 
 highway excepted." We find no grants of land on the south side of this 
 street until long after this time, and tlierefore believe that our ancestors 
 did not intend it should be built upon. Eobert Clement was this year 
 chosen Deputy to the General Court at Boston, and was the first one sent 
 from the town. 
 
 From the records of Jan. 7, 1649, we learn that there had been com- 
 plaint made by some that had had land out in the plain (between the 
 village and chain fenry), that it was " not fit for improvement." The 
 town therefore gave them liberty to "lay it down," and take up in some 
 other place. 
 
 At the meeting of February 18, "Thomas Hale was chosen Constable 
 by the Freemen." This is the first constable mentioned in the town 
 records, though, as we have seen. Job Clement was sworn into that office in 
 1647, at the Ipswich Court. Hale was probably the first one chosen by 
 the town. 
 
 At the meeting of April 16, " it was acknowledged by John Eobinson 
 that Daniel Lad had bought six acres of accommodations of him, which 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 69 
 
 the town granted Lim. Approved on by the Selectmen." From this vote 
 w'c learn, that at that time a settler could not sell the land which the 
 town had granted him, without its consent. 
 
 The town was this year ordered by the General Court to erect a watch- 
 house, a pound, and stocks, immediately. We can jBnd no vote in the 
 Town Eecords relating to the stocks, or whipping post ; but that such 
 means of punishment were erected, and often made use of, is a fact, as 
 persons now living can testify. They stood at the east end of the old 
 meeting house on the common, about ten rods north of the present south- 
 ern entrance to the park, on the easterly side. The whipping post is de- 
 scribed to us as being from twelve to fifteen inches in diameter, and set in 
 the ground at an angle of about fgrty-five degrees. Upon the upper side 
 of this post the culprit was tied, and the lashes applied with a " cat," of 
 stout leather thongs. Mrs. Stebbins, now 82 j'ears old, distinctly remem- 
 bers witnessing the whipping of a man who broke into the store of Mr. 
 Duncan, about the year 1784. His groans and cries made a deep im- 
 pression upon her mind. She thinks it must have been about the last 
 case of public whipping in the town. Moses "Wingate, Esq., now 91 
 years old, but hale and lively, remembers the whipping of a man, by 
 SheriiF David Bradley. After it was over, the culprit coolly oifered to 
 "take as many more for a half-pint of rum." We do not learn that the 
 offer was accepted. 
 
 The stocks stood near the whipping post, the latter forming one end of 
 the former. 
 
 This year, that part of Eowley called Merrimack, was settled by John 
 and Piobert Haseltine, and William Wild. It was incorporated by the 
 name of Bradford, in 1673. What is now Boxford, was then called 
 "Eowley village."" 
 
 An effort was made this year to induce Job Clement to remove to New- 
 bury. The town of jSTewbury granted him a freehold " conditionally yt 
 he live with us heere in Newbury exercising his trade four years, or as 
 long as he shall live within that tearme, and also let the shoemakers of 
 this town have the first proffer on the forsaking of his leather, making him 
 as good pay as others." Job concluded to stay in Haverhill, notwith- 
 standing the liberal offer. 
 
 • A few years since Bradford was divided, the easterly portion taking the name of Groveland. 
 
70 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 CHAPTEE VII. 
 
 1650 TO 1659. 
 
 The year 1650, the tentli after the first blow had been struck in the 
 wilds of Pentucket, found the settlers well established in their new home. 
 Their numbers had increased more than five-fold, and included men of 
 character, wealth, and influence. They had their cattle, and horses, their 
 meadows and cultivated fields, their mills and mechanics, their houses, 
 their church, their minister, their town organization, and, in brief, were 
 now fairly settled and prosperous. « 
 
 About this time two orchards were planted, one by John Clement, and 
 the other by Stephen Kent. As near as can be ascertained, the former 
 was situated a little north of the Cemetery, probalily under the shelter of 
 the adjacent hill ; and the latter near the house where the late Samuel W. 
 Ayer lived. 
 
 The necessity of definite bounds between the town and its neighbor, 
 Salisbury, induced the inhabitants to prefer a request to the General Court, 
 at Boston, to that effect, and the Court appointed a commission for the 
 settlement of the same.^-' 
 
 At the same session, Henry Palmer, Thomas Davis, and Job Clements, 
 were appointed to " end small causes" in the town, and at the next ses- 
 sion (May 22) Robert Clements was appointed and empowered to give the 
 oath of fidelity in the town. Both these appointments were made at 
 the request of the town.f A petition was also presented to the Court by 
 the inhabitants, for " the graunt of an iland lying in the Eieur Meri- 
 macke agaynst some parte of theire towne, contayning about 20 or 30 
 acors." In answer to the petition, the Court ordered " that theire request 
 be graunted for the sajd iland, vnless Mr Ward or any other shall make 
 any cleare title from this Court, to appear vnto this Court within three 
 years, to the sayd iland." 
 
 Among the votes of the town this year is one requiring that the name of 
 every freeholder should be kept in the town's book, and that he be compelled 
 to attend town meetings, when lawfully warned : — " and having lawful 
 warning he is to come within half an hour after the meeting is begun, and 
 continue till sunset if the meeting hold so long, under the penalty of halfe 
 a bushel of Indian corn or the value of it." 
 
 « Col. Rec, 3,-196—4, 6, 19. t Ibid. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. tl 
 
 Considerable land was this year granted to individuals west of Little 
 Eiver, on the Merrimack ; and Hugli Sherratt, Bartholomew Heath, James 
 Fiske, and John Chenarie, had liberty to lay down their land in the plain, 
 " and have it laid out over Little Eiver, westward." We are unable to 
 account for the frequent taking up and laying down of land about this 
 time, except upon the ground of mere fancy, or notion ; as, about the same 
 time that the above named persons made the change referred to, Joseph 
 Peasley had leave to lay down his land over Little Eiver, and take up in 
 the plain, and Samuel Gild also made choice of land at that place. 
 
 John Hoitt, a brick maker, removed from Ipswich to Haverhill some 
 time during this year, the town granting him three fourths of an acre of 
 land, and the "clay pitts," on condition that he become an inhabitant 
 of the town. The clay pits alluded to, are situated in the West Parish, 
 near the late Ephraim Corliss's, and are still known by that name. It 
 would seem that the pits were already dug, and perhaps bricks made, when 
 Hoitt came, but by whom cannot now be ascertained. Many of the bricks 
 used in building the first houses in Massachusetts, were brought from 
 Holland, and we need not wonder that the town should consider the settle- 
 ment of a brick-maker worth a strong effort. 
 
 In one of the land grants of this year we find mention of a " wigwam" 
 in the town. It is also mentioned in 1660 and 1685. These are the only 
 mentions or hints of the Indians, or of anything belonging to or done by them, 
 that we can find in the early records of the town, save an " Indian wire " in 
 Fishing Eiver (166-1) and the "Indian Bridge" over Spicket Eiver.'-' 
 The wigwam was an old and dilapidated affair, as in one of the places 
 stated, it is spoken of as the " old wigwam that is, or was," in or near a 
 certain swamp. It was located in the west part of the town, " at the 
 lower end of the far west meadow." 
 
 The first mention we find of an ox-common, is in a vote of January 13, 
 of this year, which declares that " the ox-common already appointed shall 
 for the present be continued." About this time a dispute arose between 
 the inhabitants of Haverhill and Salisbury, in relation to the bounds 
 between the two towns. The latter (which then included what is now 
 Amesbury) claimed more land than the former were willing to allow ; and, 
 at a meeting in December, 1650, a committee was chosen to meet a similar 
 committee on the part of Salisbury, and endeavor to agree upon the 
 matter in dispute. The following is the vote: — "Voted, That Thomas 
 Hale, John Clement, and John Davis, should meet with Salisbury men to 
 
 ° There is an allusion in the records of the General Court, of 1662, to "Old Wills planting ground," 
 which must have been near the mouth of Spicket River, and on the east side of it. Old Will was probably 
 one of the Wamcset Indians, whose principal settlement was then near the mouth of the Concord River. 
 
72 
 
 HISTORY OF HATERHILL. 
 
 consult witli them concerning the bounds "between tliem and us : and the 
 town doth hereby give tbem power to agree with them if they can, and to 
 lay out the bounds between us." 
 
 This year there were forty-three freemen in town, nineteen of whom had 
 taken the oath of fidelity. The following table contains the names found 
 in the recorf?s of 1650 and previously, with the year in which the name 
 first appears : and also the valuation of each man's property, according to 
 the vote of jSTovember 6, 1643. Neither the date or valuation should, 
 however, be considered as more than an approximation to the truth : — 
 
 1641 John Favor,- 
 
 
 1646 
 
 Thomas Davis, 
 
 100 
 
 " John Kobinson, 
 
 
 " 
 
 Thomas Davis, 
 
 100 
 
 1642 JohnWard,t 
 
 £ 80 
 
 " 
 
 James Fisk, 
 
 
 " Tristram Coffin, 
 
 
 •' 
 
 William Butler, 
 
 
 " Hugh Sherratt, 
 
 50 
 
 (< 
 
 Bartholomew Heath. 
 
 140 
 
 " William White, 
 
 50 
 
 1647 
 
 Samuel Gile, 
 
 40 
 
 «' Thomas Davis, 
 
 
 1648 
 
 Thomas Liuforth, 
 
 
 " John Williams, 
 
 80 
 
 " 
 
 John Eaton,' 
 
 80 
 
 1643 Abraham Tyler, 
 
 60 
 
 " 
 
 Thomas Whittier, 
 
 80 
 
 " Eichard Littlehale, 
 
 40 
 
 1649 
 
 George Goldwin 
 
 
 1644 Henry Savage, 
 
 
 " 
 
 Goodman Moice & 3 Sons, 
 
 " Job Clement, 
 
 
 << 
 
 Abraham Morrill, 
 
 
 1645 Christopher Hussie, 
 
 
 << 
 
 Christopher Lawson, 
 
 
 " Daniel Hendrick, 
 
 120 
 
 <( 
 
 Eichard Ormsby, 
 
 70 
 
 " Henry Palmer, 
 
 60 
 
 «' 
 
 Wm. Holdridge, 
 
 
 <' George Corliss, 
 
 
 1650 
 
 Eobert Ayer, 
 
 40 
 
 1646 Thomas Hale, 
 
 
 <( 
 
 John Ayer jun, 
 
 80 
 
 " James Davis, 
 
 200 
 
 (( 
 
 Thomas Ayer, 
 
 
 " John Ayer, 
 
 160 
 
 (1 
 
 John Chenarie, 
 
 
 " Daniel Lad, 
 
 £ 40 
 
 <( 
 
 George Browne, 
 
 80 
 
 " Joseph Peasley, 
 
 
 it 
 
 John Hoit. 
 
 
 " John Davis, 
 
 
 (( 
 
 Goodman Hale. 
 
 
 The following table contains the valuation of those to whom house lots 
 were laid out at various times, but whose names do not appear previous 
 to 1650: — 
 
 Eobert Clement, Sen, 
 
 £ 50 
 
 Thomas Eaton, 
 
 £40 
 
 John Clement, 
 
 35 
 
 Edward Clarke, 
 
 40 
 
 Matthias Button, 
 
 60 
 
 Eobert Swan, 
 
 30 
 
 Steven Kent, 
 
 200 
 
 John Haseltine, 
 
 40 
 
 James Davis Jr, 
 
 130 
 
 John Johnson, 
 
 90 
 
 Peter Ayer, 
 
 60 
 
 John Carleton, 
 
 90 
 
 Eichard Singletary, 
 
 60 
 
 Joseph Johnson, 
 
 50 
 
 John Huckins, 
 
 480 
 
 John Page jun. 
 
 40 
 
 Names .igainst which no amount is placed, are those of persons for whom wo can find no record of a 
 house lot being laid out. Some of them, if not all, probably purchased the right of others to Ir.nds. 
 
 t We do not know whether these pounds were the English pounds sterling (sixteen ounces of silver) or 
 the pound of Troy weight, (sixty-two shillings) but presume they were the latter. If so, each pound was 
 equivalent to $5.33. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILTi. 73 
 
 x'^mong the early settlers, were four brothers by the name of Ayer, John, 
 Eobert, Thomas, and Peter. The former settled near the house of the late 
 Capt. John Ayer, 2d, who was the sixth generation who lived on the same 
 spot. The latter settled in the northwesterly part of the town, in the 
 West Parish. Their descendants are very numerous, and are scattered 
 throughout nearly every State in the Union. In 1 700, it was supposed 
 that nearly one third of the inhabitants of the town were of that name. 
 They were mostly farmers.'-' 
 
 At a meeting of the town January 1, 1651, " It was agreed upon that 
 such as have land in the plain or below the plain, butting upon the great 
 river, should have liberty to make use of the bank next the river for a 
 fence for the space of four years : and also such as have land over the 
 little river, west, shall have the same liberty so far as Thomas Hale's lot. 
 
 The plain here alluded to, was the one east of the village. Under date 
 of January 12, 1651. we find the following: — "It was this day ordered 
 that the ox-common which was formerly an ox-common, shall be for the 
 use of them who live upon the east side of the mill brook, and for as many 
 as will join with them." 
 
 " Ordered that they that live upon the west side of the mill brook, shall 
 have liberty to have an ox-common westward for them, and as many as 
 will join with them, which common is to be laid out in a convenient place, 
 as shall be judged meet by the major part of the town. 
 
 That the town were anxious to have their numbers increased may be 
 judged from the following vote of the same year: — " It was this day 
 agreed that James Pecker should be an inhabitant with us, and that he 
 shall have a four acre lot with accommodations proportionable to it, which 
 lot is to be bought of Bartholomew Heath for eight pounds. James Pecker 
 doth promise to come and be an inhabitant with us by June 1653." We 
 
 ° The following notes, taken from the Essex County Records and papers, will doubtless be of interest 
 to the many persons of that name in the town : — 1636. John Ayer, or Eyer, of Ilaverhill, made a will 
 March 12, 1636-7, He died March 31, 1657, and his will was proved October 6th of the same year. His 
 children were John, Nathaniel, Hannah, Rebeca, Mary, Robert, Thomas, Obadiah and Peter. He left a 
 wife, named Hannah. 1668. Mary Ayers, aged 34 ; and Samuel Ayers, aged 45. 1071. Inventory taken 
 of the estate of Benjamin Ayers. 1672. John Ayer, late of Ipswich, was now of Quaboag. (There was a 
 John Ayres in Ipswich as early as 1648.) 1679. John Ayer, or Eyer, late of Haverhill, now of Ipswich. 
 Had a wife Mary. 1693. Samuel Ayers, aged 43 years, 1704. Jonathan Ayer, aged 65 years. 1711 . 
 Robert Ayres, of Haverhill, aged 86 years. 
 
 In 1754, Major Ebenezer Ayer, of Haverhill, married Hannah, widow of James Scammon, of Saco, Me;, 
 where he continued to reside. He had several children. — Vide Hist. Saco and Biddeford, p. 268. 
 
 Sot the names of many others of this numerous family, see the Appendix to this volunqe, 
 
 10 
 
74 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 presume that Pecker accepted the town's offer, as he came here soon after 
 and continued to reside here until his death, in 1696.-'' 
 
 At the May session of the General Court, on petition of the inhabitants 
 of Haverhill, a new committee was appointed to lay out the bounds of the 
 town. Joseph Jewett was chairman of the committee. At a meeting of 
 May 30th, the town voted "that Mr Clement, Jno Davis, Tho Whittier, 
 and John Eobinson shall go with Joseph Jewett about the laying out of 
 the bounds of the plantation." 
 
 It seems that the town committees chosen the previous year, had been 
 unable to agree upon the bounds, and the commissioners appointed by the 
 General Court at that time had done nothing ; therefore, that body ap- 
 pointed a new committee, who attended to the duty, and reported at the 
 next October Court. Their I'eport was approved. 
 
 The only clue we have to the bounds thus confirmed, is contained in 
 the following record of the General Court : — " This Courte haveinge for- 
 merly graunted fower miles square for the boundes of Haverill, or such a 
 tract of land, and did appoj^nt Joseph Jewett, John Haseltine, Robert 
 Haseltine, and William Wilder, or any two of them, to lay out theire said 
 boundes, which Joseph Jewett and AVilliam Wilder haveinge done accord- 
 inge to the Courtes graunt, this Court (at the request of the inhabitants 
 of Haverill) doth confirmc theire said boundes, as they are now layd out 
 by the persons above mentioned."! 
 
 We regret that a more definite account of this first laying out of our 
 town cannot now be found. It will be seen, however, (unless we empha- 
 sise the phi'ase " or such a tract of land" ) that it allowed a much less 
 area than was covered by the Indian deed ; and we wonder that the inhab- 
 itants should so readily request the General Court to confirm the bounds 
 reported. 
 
 It was voted this year by the town, " that all the meadows shall be laid 
 out by the 12th of June next, to each man his proportion according to his 
 house lot." At the same meeting it was " Ordered that Hugh Sherratt, 
 Thcophilus Satchwell,Bart Heath, James Fiske, and Daniel Ladd, shall view 
 the upland that is fit to plough, by the last of March or the tenth of April 
 
 « The only children of his recorded, are Mary, b. Sept. 5, 1652 ; Susanna, b. Dec. 17, 1654 ; A Daugh- 
 ter, b. Jan. 2-5, 166i, and d. Feb. 10, 1664. Some of their descendants are still to be found in the town, 
 though their number is small. 
 
 One John Pecker kept tavern in this town for many years, and was succeeded at his death, in 1757, by 
 his widow. About 1760, the same tavern was kept by Matthew Solcy for a short time, when it fell into 
 the hands of Jeremiah Pecker. Bartholomew Pecker, a native of Haverhill, was one of Washington's 
 "Life Guards." "Pecker's Hill," and " Pecker Street," will long perpetuate this name in the town. 
 
 t Col. Ree., 3—246. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 75 
 
 next, and that they bring in their intelligence to the town by that time." 
 It was also ordered "that all the undivided land, after all the meadows 
 and second division of plough land is laid out, shall remain to the same 
 inhabitants the proprietors of the three hundred and six acres, to every one 
 according to honest and true meaning, all commons remaining in general 
 to them." 
 
 This last vote, it will be seen, plainly and unequivocally declares who 
 were the proprietors of the common or undivided lands in the town, " ac- 
 cording to honest and true meaning." They were the original purchasers, 
 or grantees, of the township. Years afterward, when the number of in- 
 habitants had greatly increased, the question of proprietorship in the 
 undivided lands became a troublesome one, and for a long period was a 
 prominent " apple of discord " in the town. Frequent disputes occurred 
 between the "commoners" and the " non-commonors," which sometimes 
 led to bloody noses and shaded eyes. The commoners held meetings by 
 themselves for many years, and there are three large books of about two 
 hundred and sixty pages each, nearly filled with their proceedings. 
 
 In the fall of this year, George Brown and Daniel Hendrick were ap- 
 pointed to lay out the highway between this town and Salisbury ; and 
 Theophilus Shatswell was appointed to join the men from Eowley, and lay 
 out a road between that town and this. This road was approved of by the 
 Court at Ipswich, in 1686. 
 
 Up to this time, the town were destitute of a saw mill, and were com- 
 pelled to hew all the boards and planks used for building ; unless, as is 
 quite probable, these were brought from Newbury. In either case, the 
 expense and inconvenience was very great, and attention was early directed 
 to the establishment of a saw mill in this town, where both timber and 
 water-power were abundant. 
 
 The following votes fully reveal how important this matter was consid- 
 ered by the inhabitants, and how anxious they were to have a mill of the 
 kind erected: Dec. 1, 1651. " Voted and agi-eed upon by the inhabitants, 
 that there should be a saw-mill set up by Isaac Cousins, and such others of 
 this town as shall join with him : The town and they agreeing upon terms, 
 viz. : That they shall not make use of any timber within three miles of 
 the meeting house : Item. That all timber without the compass of three 
 miles from the meeting house should be free for the use of the sawmill : 
 they paying the twelfth hundred to the use of the town in general. Item. 
 That the town for their use shall have boards and planks at three shillings 
 per hundred for such pay as is merchantable. The town also reserving to 
 themselves a liberty to make use of what timber they stand in need of, 
 though it be without the three miles compass from the Meeting House." 
 
76 HISTORY OF HATERHILL. 
 
 Dec. 15, 1651. " Granted by tlie major part of the inhabitants, that 
 Isaac Cousins shall have a sixth part of a saw mill or mills : and that 
 Mr. Clement,- Job Clement, Stephen Kent, William White, and Theophi- 
 los Satchwell shall join with him, together with any others that they shall 
 agree with. Provided that Mr. Coffin f have liberty to have a sixth part of 
 it, if he come to be an inhabitant in this town. This mill is to be set up 
 upon the river, called Thomas Hale's river : "J " They are to make use of 
 no timber that is within three miles of the meeting house ; except it be 
 pines or hemlock : They are to pay to the use of the town every twelfth 
 hundred : The inhabitants are to have what boards and planks they stand 
 in need of, for their use for building and flooring at three shillings per 
 hundred, in merchantable pay : This mill is to be set up by April fifty 
 and three : They have liberty also if they see fit, to set up a second mill 
 by April, fifty and four : If they set them not up by these times above 
 mentioned, then this grant is to be disannulled : They have liberty to 
 make use of any timber that is without the three miles compass from the 
 meeting house : Also the town hath liberty to make use of any timber 
 that is without the three miles compass for building or fenceing, or what 
 else soever : The proprietors have power, if they see cause, to remove one 
 or both of these mills up, or down the river." 
 
 Dec. 16, 1651. "Voted and Granted by the inhabitants that there 
 shall no saw mill be setup whilst these forementioned sawmills are going." 
 
 At the same meeting a committee was chosen to lay out ground for the 
 use of the saw mill, "for a Pen," which was to be " returned to the town 
 when the saw mills are done." " A six acre house lot, with all accommo- 
 dations proportionable," was granted to the above mentioned Isaac Cousins, 
 " provided he live in the town five years following his trade of a Smith.'' 
 
 Cousins did not, however, fulfil the conditions of the grant, and in 
 1653, the town voted to give the land to John Webster, upon similar con- 
 ditions. Cousins was the first blacksmith in the town. 
 
 About this time the road now known as 3fill Street was laid out ; and 
 for more than a century it was " the great road " which led into the 
 village. 
 
 The second division of plough-land was laid out on the 7th of June, 
 1652. The proportion was four acres to one acre of house lot. This 
 division commenced at the head of Pond Meadow, and extended north, 
 east, and west. Porty-one persons received a share in the division. The 
 lot-layers who laid it out, received the sum of two pence an acre for their 
 services, or ten shillings each. Not a very extravagant sum, surely. 
 
 « Robert Clement. t Peter Coffin, of Exeter. t Little River. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 77 
 
 Following are the names of those who received a share in this division : 
 " The lots or draughts for the second division of plough-land, with the 
 number of each man's accommodation : — 
 
 
 Acres. 
 
 
 
 Aeres. 
 
 1 — John Davis, 
 
 6 
 
 22- 
 
 -Daniel Hendrick, 
 
 
 2 — James Fiske, 
 
 4 
 
 23- 
 
 -Thomas Davis, 
 
 8 
 
 3 — Matthias Button, 
 
 6 
 
 24- 
 
 -Eichard Ormsbie, 
 
 5 
 
 4 — Bartholomew Heath, 
 
 
 25- 
 
 -Eobert Ayer, 
 
 5 
 
 5 — ^Abraham Tyler, 
 
 4 
 
 26- 
 
 -Henry Savage, 
 
 4 
 
 6 — JohnAyer, sen., 
 
 8 
 
 27- 
 
 —George Browne, 
 
 10- 
 
 7 — Henry Palmer, 
 
 9 
 
 28- 
 
 -William Holdridge, 
 
 5 
 
 8 — ^Edward Clarke, 
 
 4 
 
 29- 
 
 -Mr John Ward, 
 
 8 
 
 9 — ^Eobert Clement, 
 
 6 
 
 30- 
 
 — Greorge Corlis, 
 
 7 
 
 10 — Hugh Sherratt, 
 
 12 
 
 31- 
 
 -Theophilus Satchwell, 
 
 6i 
 
 11 — John Woodin, 
 
 4 
 
 32- 
 
 -John Williams, 
 
 8 
 
 12— Thomas Perry, 
 
 5 
 
 33- 
 
 -John Chenarie, 
 
 4 
 
 13— Thomas Whittier, 
 
 n 
 
 34- 
 
 —James Pecker, 
 
 4 
 
 14 — Stephen Kent, 
 
 22i 35- 
 
 -Thomas Ayers, 
 
 9 
 
 15 — Joseph Peasley, 
 
 12 
 
 36- 
 
 —Samuel Gild, 
 
 10 
 
 16 — John Ayer, jun.. 
 
 8 
 
 37- 
 
 —Daniel Ladd, 
 
 6 
 
 17 — Thomas Linforth, 
 
 6 
 
 38- 
 
 -James Davis, jun.. 
 
 10 
 
 18 — Eichard Littlehale, 
 
 4 
 
 39- 
 
 —Job Clement, 
 
 6 
 
 19 — Isaac Cousins, 
 
 8i 40- 
 
 —John Clement, 
 
 8 
 
 20— William White, 
 
 7 
 
 41- 
 
 -James Davis, sen., 
 
 10 
 
 21 — John Eaton, 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 
 In the above division each man had " his proportion either in the quality 
 or quantity of his lot, according to the discretion of the lot layers." 
 
 At the September meeting of the same year, the town voted Mr. Ward, 
 their " Teacher," a salary of fifty pounds. This sum, though a mere pit- 
 tance, when compared with modern salaries, was really a very liberal salary 
 for those times, and shows the strong attachment of the inhabitants to 
 their pastor, and their readiness to give him an adequate support. 
 
 The following liberal vote was also passed at the same meeting : — 
 
 " Voted that if any one or more shall be disenabled from paying his pro- 
 portion, that then the rest of the inhabitants shall pay it for him or them 
 to Mr. Ward." The town evidently intended that fifty pounds should 
 mean fifty pounds. 
 
 Whether the town had become dissatisfied with the drum or the drummer, 
 does not appear, but it seems that instead of having Eichard Littlehale 
 
78 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 beat his drum to call the people together, it was voted "that Abraham 
 Tyler shall blow his horn in the most convenient place every lord's day 
 about half an hour before the meeting begins, and also on lecture days ; 
 for which he is to have one peck of corn of every family for the year 
 ensuing." 
 
 The tooting of Abraham's horn did not, however, come up to their ex- 
 pectations, for the next year the town fell back upon first principles, and 
 ordered Edward Clark to beat the drum on the " Lord's days and lecture 
 days." Perhaps the tone of Abraham's horn was not sufficiently musical, 
 or, more likely. Abraham was not a skilful player upon that ancient in- 
 strument. But as to whichever it might have been, we are left entirely 
 free to conjecture, as the records maintain the most dignified silence upon 
 the subject. 
 
 The Greneral Court this year changed the time for town elections from 
 November to March of each year, and the latter month has, with the ex- 
 ception of a single period, continued to be the month of the annual town 
 meetings down to the present time. 
 
 The County Court at Hampton, this year, fined Stephen Kent, of Haver- 
 hill, £10 "for suffering five Indeans to be druncke in his house, and one 
 of them wounded." He was also to pay for the cure of the wounded 
 Indian. Stephen evidently considered the penalty too severe, and declined 
 to pay it ; and the town petitioned the General Court upon the subject. 
 The Court thereupon ordered " that Stephen Kent within one month shall 
 pay the said tenne pounds to the selectmen of Hauerill, who shall there- 
 with satisfy for the cure of the Indean." Even this did not satisfy Stephen, 
 and he petitioned to have his fine reduced, but the Court was inexorable. 
 Doubtless Stephen was careful afterward not to have any drunken " red 
 skins" about his premises. 
 
 Among the list of donations this year to Harvard College is £-1 7s from 
 this town. 
 
 A prison was this year built at Ipswich. It was the second in the 
 colony. 
 
 A mint was about the same time established at Boston, for coining sil- 
 ver ; the pieces had the word Massachusetts, with a pine tree on one side, 
 and the lettei'S N. E. 1652, and III, VI, or XII, denoting the number of 
 pence, on the other. The same date (1652) was continued upon all the 
 coin struck for thirty years afterward. Massachusetts was the only colony 
 that ever presumed to coin metal into money. A very large sum was 
 coined, and the mint-master made a large fortune out of the commission 
 allowed him for coining. 
 
HISTORY OF HATERHILL. 79 
 
 At a town meeting July 4, 1653, it was voted that "John Webster 
 should enjoy that six acres of accommodation which was formerly granted 
 unto Isaac Cousins, and is now returned into the Town's hands ; provided, 
 that the said John Webster live here five years from the last of March 
 next, following the trade of a blacksmith in doing the town's work, when 
 they have occasion." Mr. Webster was the second blacksmith in town; 
 he followed the trade, however, but four years, when he returned to New- 
 bury. His brother, Stephen, a tailor, came into town soon after, from 
 Newbury ; and is jjrobably the ancestor of the Websters in this place. He 
 was born in Ipswich, and moved with his mother, who married John Emery, 
 sen., to Newbury. He had three brothers and four sisters. His brothers, 
 John and Israel, remained in Newbury, and Nathan settled in Bradford. 
 His mother, Mary, was a sister of Theophilus Shatswell ; John, his father, 
 died in Ipswich, about 164:2.='-= The descendants of Stephen are very 
 numerous ; they are found in almost every city and village in the Union. 
 
 This year, the second division of meadow land was ordered to be laid 
 out. There were forty-eight lots drawn. The names are the same as 
 those given under date of 1652, except the following: — John Webster, 
 Isaac Cousins, John Wooddin, 
 
 The Island just below the village was also divided about the same time. 
 The number of persons who drew lots in the division, was forty-five. The 
 names, and the bounds of each man's lot, are given in the Commoners* 
 book of Kecords, under date of 1727, which speaks of the plan as begun 
 in 1653, and finished in the above year. 
 
 A third division of upland, or ploughland, was also ordered to be laid 
 out ; it was situated west and north of west meadow, in the West Parish. 
 
 The wife of John Hutchins of this town was presented to the Court this 
 year, for wearing a silk hood ; but, " upon testimony of her being brought 
 up above the ordinary way was discharged." The wife of Joseph Swett 
 was also presented at the same time and for the same ofiience, and was 
 fined 10s. f 
 
 It was a general custom of the inhabitants at this early period, to turn 
 their flocks together into one pasture ; and we find that James George was, 
 in 1652, appointed herdsman of the town, His salary was twelve shillings 
 and six pence per week, to be paid in Indian com and butter. He was 
 
 * Coffin, Hist. Newbury. ■^ 
 
 t Among the laws passed by the General Court in 1650, was one against " intolerable excess and brav- 
 ery in dress." No person whose estate did not exceed £200 was peiTnitted to wear any gold or silver lace 
 or buttons, great boots, silk hoods, ribbons or scarfs, under a penalty of ten shillings. Swett was not, it 
 seems, worth the £200 ; and his wife could not, therefore, be allowed the extravagance of a silk hood. 
 
80 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 " to keep ye heard faithfully as a heard ought to be kept ; if any be left 
 on the Sabbath when ye towne worship, they who keepe are to goe ye next 
 day, doing their best indeavore to find them." He was not permitted 
 to turn his flock into the pasture on the Sabbath, until the " second beat- 
 ing of ye drum." 
 
 A lot of land not exceeding four-score acres, was the same year granted 
 to the proprietors of the saw-mill, so long as they kept it in use. 
 
 It was voted that hereafter the selectmen should "give in their account 
 what they have received, and what they have disbursed." The voters 
 evidently wished to know where their money went, in which laudable curi- 
 osity they have a very few imitators at the present day. 
 
 Among the note-worthy incidents of this year, may be mentioned the 
 case of Robert Pike, of Salisbury. The Court had prohibited Joseph 
 Peasley and Thomas Macy, of Salisbury, from exhorting the people on the 
 Sabbath, in the absence of a minister. Pike declared that " such persons 
 as did act in making that law, did break their oath to the country, for it 
 is against the liberty of the country, both civil and ecclesiatical." For 
 expressing himself in this manner, he was disfranchised by the Gleneral 
 Court, and heavily fined. At the next May Court, a petition was pre- 
 sented from a large number of the inhabitants of Hampton, Salisbury, 
 Newbury, Haverhill, and Andover, praying that Pike's sentence might be 
 revoked.--' 
 
 The Court was highly indignant that " so many persons should combine 
 together to present such an unjust and unreasonable request," and ap- 
 pointed a commission to call the petitioners together " and require a reason 
 of their very unjust request." At the next November Court, orders were 
 issued to summon sixteen of the petitioners to give bonds in the sum of 
 ten pounds each to appear and answer for their ofi'ence before the County 
 Court. None of the Haverhill signers were however included in the order. 
 They had acknowledged their offence. Three years afterward. Pike " hum- 
 bly desired the Court, his fine being paid, to release him from the other 
 part of his sentence," which it was pleased to do. The whole case is an 
 
 '^ The following are the names of the Haverhill signers, as copied from the original petition in the 
 State Archives : — 
 
 Haverill. Richard Littlehale Eohhert Eres 
 
 James Davis John Heth George Corlis 
 
 Joseph Peasly Job Clements Bartholomew Heth 
 
 Tristram Coffin Abraham Tylar Edw. Clarke 
 
 Pete'- Coffin John Williams James Davis Jr 
 
 John Davis ' John Williams Theophilus Sachwell 
 
 John Eaton Thomas Davis Tho: Whittier 
 
 Thomas Eaton Joh: Eyeres Tho: Dow 
 
 Ptobert Clements James ffiske Joseph Davis 
 
 Thomas Belfore Dan: Hendrick Peter Ayre 
 
 John Webstar Stephen Kent Samuel G-il4 
 
 George Brown 'i\ —Ricjiard SiJigltary Robbert Swan 
 
 Ephraim Davis j' I Hen r.V Palmer 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 81 
 
 instructive one, and throws much light on the public religious opinions of 
 the times- 
 
 At a town meeting, held February 9, 1654:, liberty was granted to 
 Stephen Kent to place a wear in Little Eiver, to catch alewives, or any 
 other fish, if he would sell to the iuhabitaus of the town " what alewives 
 they stood in need of." This is the first notice we have of these fisheries, 
 which were afterward carried on to a considerable extent. 
 
 At the May session of the Greneral Court, a new petition was received 
 from Haverhill, touching the bounds between that town and Salisbury, as 
 a "great mistake" was made in the previous running of the line. The 
 Court, after hearing both parties, appointed a committee to look into the 
 matter thoroughly. At the next Court the committee made their return, 
 which, as a matter of curiosity as well as interest, we copy entire : — 
 "September: 28: 165-i. 
 
 In obedense to the generall cortes order we haue vewed the line con- 
 cluded by Salesberry and Hauerill to deuid the land betwene them : and we 
 find that as it is expressed in the petission there was a gret mistake in the 
 first Euing of the line this we find accnolaged by both partes : for he that 
 carred the compas at the first from the plase concluded one from meremack 
 Eeuer a but one mile and a quarter tow a stompe of a pipestave tree : he 
 said he had Eine nor west : which moued the men chose by Hauerill to 
 yeld vnto Sallsberry one point more : but we haue gone nor west from the 
 place one merremack Eeuer formerly concluded one : and we find that nor 
 west Cometh a boue a quarter of a mile in going a mile a quarter nerrer 
 to hauerell then the line first Eune so we find that nor west as according 
 to the true vnderstanding of ther first agreement doth yeld vnto Salsberre : 
 and if the line nor west and by west shold stand a gret part of the med- 
 dowes lying one that quarter : wold be cut of from hauerrell to ther gret 
 preludes and the not cnoing of that mistak mad them yeld one point more 
 we thinke if the plesuer of the Cort bee so : that it may bee well for this 
 honerred cort to order that a nor west line may part the land be twext 
 them (onely this) if any of the meddowes laid out to any of Hauerrell 
 shall be cut of from Hauerrell : by this line, that those meddows shall 
 
 Eemane to hauerrell (or those men to home it is laid : fore euer ' — 
 
 youers in all dutefoll obedense 
 further we thiuke meeete that Hen: Short 
 
 Salsbury shall haue liberty oner Joseph Jowett 
 
 hauerill commons if the swamp John Stevens 
 
 stop the way the sd way to be 
 forty Eod broade 
 
 
82 " HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 The Deputyes accept, of the Eetume of those Comissionsrs appoynted 
 to lay out the bounds herein exprest and desire the Consent of the honord 
 magists herevnto. 
 
 Consented to by ye magists. Edw: Rawson Secret. 24 Octob. 54." 
 
 It seems, however, that even this did not permanently settle the vexed 
 dispute. Both parties again became dissatisfied, and the matter continued 
 to trouble the General Court until 1667, when the Court finally disposed 
 of it as follows : -^ 
 
 " As a final issue of all differences between the two towns of Haverhill 
 and Salisbury Newtown,-^ in reference to their bounds, the Court having 
 heard '.vhat all parties could say therein, judge meet to confirm the line 
 which was run by the committee and the agi-eement of both towns, begin- 
 ning at a tree near Holt's Eocks, near Merrimack river's side, and running 
 up on the N W line, as they apprehended, to Brandy Brow, and from thence 
 to Darby Hill, and so to a white pine about a mile further, marked H. S. 
 and this is to be the dividing line between them." 
 
 On the 31st of May, 1654, Thomas Dow died. He was the first adult 
 that had died in the town since its settlement. Thirteen children had 
 died previously, but no grown per son. f 
 
 Some additions were made to the ox-common this year, and the whole 
 was ordered to be fenced. The town also voted " that all those that will 
 join in the fencing of it, shall have a proportion in it according to the 
 fence they make and maintain, provided that none shall keep more than 
 four oxen in it." Thirty-four persons assisted to build the fence, and were 
 entitled to keep ninety-two oxen within the enclosure. It was then voted 
 that " the cattel that shall goe in the ox-common this day granted, shall 
 be only oxen, steers, and horses, and no other cattel." 
 
 This ox-common was located on the south side of Kenoza Lake, and a 
 part of it is still known by that name. Several other ox-commons were 
 subsequently laid out in diiferent parts of the town, but they were much 
 smaller than the first. Some of them were only a few acres in extent 
 being laid out for a single person, while others were intended for several 
 persons. The one above mentioned, however, was the most extensive ox- 
 ^mmon ever laid out in the town. 
 
 the December meeting of the town, a parcel of land, not exceeding 
 ^ acres, was laid out to the saw-mill owners "to plant and im- 
 
 "•wn (now Amesbury) was settled in 164:2, by order of the freemen of Salisbury, that 
 ■'ies remove to the west of Pow-wow River, to form a settlement." It was called 
 ' some time after it was set oif as a separate town, in 1654. 
 
 there were forty-seven deaths in town, forty of which were children. 
 
82 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 The Deputyes accept, of the Retume of those Comissionsrs appoynted 
 to lay out the bounds herein exprest and desire the Consent of t^e honord 
 magists herevnto. 
 
 Consented to by ye magists. Edw: Rawson Secret. 24 Octob. 54." 
 
 It seems, however, that even this did not permanently settle the vexed 
 dispute. Both parties again became dissatisfied, and the matter continued 
 to trouble the General Court until 1667, when the Court finally disposed 
 of it as follows : — 
 
 " As a final issue of all differences between the two towns of Haverhill 
 and Salisbury Xewtown,'' in reference to their bounds, the Court having 
 heard what all parties could say therein, judge meet to confirm the line 
 which was run by the committee and the agreement of both towns, begin- 
 ning at a tree near Holt's Rocks, near Merrimack river's side, and running 
 up on the N W line, as they apprehended, to Brandy Brow, and from thence 
 to Darby Hill, and so to a white pine about a mile further, marked H. S. 
 and this is to be the dividing line between them." 
 
 On the 31st of May, 1654, Thomas Dow died. He was the first adult 
 that had died in the town since its settlement. Thirteen children had 
 died previously, but no grown person, f 
 
 Some additions were made to the ox-common this year, and the whole 
 was ordered to be fenced. The town also voted " that all those that will 
 join in the fencing of it, shall have a proportion in it according to the 
 fence they make and maintain, provided that none shall keep more than 
 four oxen in it." Thirty-four persons assisted to build the fence, and were 
 entitled to keep ninety-two oxen within the enclosure. It was then voted 
 that " the cattel that shall goe in the ox-coramon this day granted, shall 
 be only oxen, steers, and horses, and no other cattel." 
 
 This ox-common was located on the south side of Kenoza Lake, and a 
 part of it is still known by that name. Several other ox-commons were 
 subsequently laid out in different parts of the town, but they were much 
 smaller than the first. Some of them were only a few acres in extent 
 being laid out for a single person, while others were intended for several 
 persons. The one above mentioned, however, was the most extensive ox- 
 common ever laid out in the town. 
 
 At the December meeting of the town, a parcel of land, not exceeding 
 four-score acres, was laid out to the saw-mill owners "to plant and im- 
 
 " Salisbury Xiirt..wu (now Amesbury) was settled in 1(512. I>y order of the freemen of Salislmry, that 
 "there shiJl thirty families remove to the west of Pow-wow liiver, to form a settlement." It was called 
 Salisbury A«io T->wn until some time after it w.is set olTas a separate town, in 1C">4. 
 
 t Previous to Mirvh 30, ItJO.!, there were forty-seven deaths in town, forty of which were children. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 83 
 
 prove, so long as the sawmill shall go." The lot was on the west side of 
 saw-mill river. The next June, eight acres were laid out on the further 
 side of Fishing River, " toward the sawmill," from which, and one or two 
 other allusions, we conclude there was also a saw-mill on that stream at 
 that time, or one about to be erected. 
 
 In February, 1656, the town voted to cancel all grants and privileges, 
 if the present saw-mill or some other, did not cut boards enough for the 
 town by the next midsummer. But it seems that the saw-mill was not to 
 be hurried, and the town in 1658 lost all their patience, and declared all 
 former grants and privileges forfeited. At the same time Thomas Davis, 
 (who was one of the principal owners of the old mill) John Hutchins, and 
 Daniel Hendricks, were granted the privileges formerly allowed to the old 
 saw-mill, if they put up a mill and supplied the town within twelve 
 months. But even this did not prove sufficiently stimulating to those in- 
 terested. No mill was erected, and the next year the town declared the 
 privilege forfeited. 
 
 Among the acts of the G-eneral Court this year, 1654, was one providing 
 that ministers should be respectably maintained in the several towns ; and 
 in case the latter neglected to do it, the county courts were empowered 
 and directed to cause a regular tax to be assessed on the offending towns, 
 for that purpose. 
 
 A law was passed at the November Court, prohibiting all persons, ex- 
 cept those specially lisenced, from selling " any Indian or Indians, either 
 wine or strong liquors of any sort," under a penalty of 20s per pint, and 
 in that proportion for all quantities, more or less. Henry Palmer of this 
 town, and Roger Shaw of Hampton, were the only ones thus lisenced in 
 the County of Norfolk. 
 
 During the year 1655, some repairs were made on the meeting-house, as 
 it appears by a town vote of March 3d, that " Thomas Davis shall have 
 three pounds allowed him by the towne, for to ground-pin and dawb it ; 
 •provided that Thomas Davis provide the stones and clay for the underpin- 
 ings ; the town being at their own expense to bring ye clay into place for 
 ye plastering of ye walls up to the beams." Lime mortar had not yet 
 come into common use. It was not until more than fifty years afterward 
 that limestone was discovered in the Colony. It was first found in New- 
 bury, in 1697, by ensign James Noyes, and occasioned a great excitement. 
 For nearly a century after its discovery, large quantities were annually 
 made in that town for export as well as for home use. Prior to that time, 
 what little lime was used was manufactured from oyster and clam-shells 
 
 In 16-i8, Thomas Hale was appointed ferryman, probably for that year 
 
84 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 only ; and it does not appear that any was afterward appointed ; for, at the 
 September term, 1655, " Ye Court being informed yt there is no fery over 
 Merrimack river, at Haverill, the courte orders Eobert Haseltine to keepe 
 a fery over the said river ; and to have of strangers 4d a person, if they 
 pay presently ; and 6d if bookt ; and to keepe entertaynement for horse 
 and man, for one yeare, unless the Greneral Court take further orders." 
 Haseltine lived on the Bradford shore of the river. 
 
 About this time considerable difficulty arose between Mr. Ward and a 
 part of his people concerning his salary, which was thought by the latter 
 to be exorbitant. It seems that the difficulty had become so great, it was 
 deemed necessary to call a council of the neighboring clergymen. The 
 following is the order of the council of the Commonwealth, touching 
 the matter : — 
 
 " Att a Council held at Boston the 14th of August 1656."= 
 
 The Councill being Informed by the Honnored Govnr and Deput Govnr 
 of the vncomfortable difterences that of late haue fallen out in the churches 
 of Christ at Hauerill and Salisbury notwthstanding seuerall Indeavors to 
 Compose the same, which yett haue binn fruitelesse, out of theire tender 
 care to preserve & procure peace & vnitje amongst them lately wrote to 
 the said church in an Amicable way to Advise & Counsell them forthwith 
 to call in to theire help such counsell from theire Neighboring churches, 
 as the Eule prescribes ; from whose labors thro the blessing of God a 
 blessing might haue bin expected wch too great a part of those churches 
 as they vnderstand is farr from Inclyning vnto The Councill Judging it to 
 be theire duty to take an effectuall Course for the healing of theire breaches 
 Doe Order and Desire that the Churches of Christ in Boston Cambridg 
 and Ipswich doe each of them respectively send two messengers to meete 
 at Hauerell & Salisbury as hereafter is exprest i e. to meete at Hauerill 
 on the twenty seventh day of this Instant August by eight of the clock in 
 the morning to consider & Advise in the primisses viz to endeavor to com- 
 pose & sitle the distractions at Hauerill to give theire Judgments in the 
 Cases of differences there And : at Salisbury the day after theire Issuing 
 or Rising from Hauerill for ye ends aboue exprst And It is expected & 
 desired that the churches of Hauerell & Salisbury and all persons con- 
 cerned therein in either of the sajd places, give this Councill at the time 
 & place aforesajd the opportunity of meeting wth them to declare what 
 shall Concerne themselves or the Councill see cawse to Enquire of them 
 in reference to this buisnes. And It is Ordered that mr Robert Clcaments 
 for Hauerill mr Samuell Hall for Salisbury shall take Care for the en- 
 
 e state Archives, Eccl, Vol. 10, p. 36. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 85 
 
 tertajnement of the sajd Councill & all persons concerned therein wch shall 
 be sattisfied by the Tresurer. And It is ordered the sajd Councill haue 
 liberty to Adjourne to some other place if they shall see cawse making 
 theire retourne to the Councill of this Jurisdiction what successe theire 
 endeavors through the blessing of God haue procured and where the fault 
 hath binn or is that so if necessity Eequire such further Course may 
 be taken therein as may most conduce to ye Glory of God the vniting of 
 theire harts to vnity in truth & peace accordingto the Eule of the Gospell 
 
 By ye Councill Edward Kawson Secret 
 
 The difficulties were not, however, wholly confined to the matter of 
 salary, as may be seen from the following extract from the minutes of the 
 above ordered Coancil: — 
 
 Haverill August 28 1G56 
 
 Quest. 1. Whether Henry Palmer a member of the Church of Haverill, 
 being by publike arbitration censured as a delinquent in point of Defama- 
 tion of Eob. Swan a member also of Eowley church, it be jt duty of ye 
 Church of Haverill to take church-notice thereof, & if thereupon it shall 
 appear also to the church that He is an offender, then to proceed with him 
 in a church-way ? 
 
 Ans. 1. The sentence of ye Arbitration being publicke there was Just 
 cause why ye church should orderly inquire into ye matter ; whose duty 
 it is to see to ye inoffensivenes of their members. 
 
 2. 1. The Censure of ye Arbitratours as such was not a sufficient 
 Ground why the church should censure Henry Palmer, 1. because the 
 Church Judicature is distinct from & not depending upon the Ciuill Judi- 
 cature : Those two polities are coordinate not subordinate. 2. The church 
 is to Act 1. her owne faith, & not to be led by example further then shee 
 finds it conformable to rule. 2. Henry Palmers satisfaction to civil order 
 was not as such satisfaction to the church : As satisfaction to the church 
 in case of offence is no satisfaction to ye Court. Because their Institution, 
 meanes & ends are Divers. 
 
 3. 1. Goodman Palmer did well in presenting the case unto the rever- 
 end Teacher, & in desireing that by him it might be brought unto the 
 Church. 2. We also conceive that there was too great appearance of much 
 iniquity on Goodman Swans part in this matter. 3. Yet in regard the wit- 
 nesses are detected of such falsehood in point of Testimony concerning this 
 Business as renders them incompetent to establish a matter before the 
 church ; Therefore Goodm. Palmer his charging of Goodm Swan with Sin 
 (especially of such nature) thereupon, was not without Sin because with- 
 out sufficient ground before the church. The acknowledgement whereof 
 
86 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 as we commend to & hope it will not be grievous unto our Broth, palmer ; 
 so we desire it may be accepted of the Church, & that in such manner as 
 his Infirmity herein (too common unto ye Best) being forgiven all regular 
 zeale against sin both in Him and others may yet receive due incourage- 
 ment. 
 
 Quest. 2. Whether Ptobert Hazleton did in the case between Henry 
 Palmer & Eobert Swan give Testimony upon oath, yea or no ? 
 
 Ans. The scope of this Question being whether as to man the oath was 
 Taken yea or not ; to pronounce positively concerning the taking or not 
 taking thereof the Case requireth not. But that it was taken is not a 
 Truth as to the Church, Before which a matter is not to stand without two 
 or three witnesses. There beeing therefore as concerning this Question, so 
 much for ye negative & no positive Testimony save only that of of Thomas 
 Aires for the affirmative ; the Church cannot receive it as a Truth nor may 
 admit any further debate about it, without the Hazard of her peace & 
 prejudice to edification 
 
 Hence wee conceive the Act of Thomas Aires in Charging & urging 
 the prosecution of those Brethren in a church way who said it was not 
 Taken, & that to the Hindrance of the celebration of ye Lords Supper 
 then intended to be irregular & in the nature of it of much ill consequence. 
 
 The Council subsequently reported that " through the blessing of God, 
 the differences were in a good measure composed, and their ministers set- 
 tled amongst them."-' They decided that Mr. Ward should be paid fifty 
 pounds per annum ; which were to be paid in wheat, rye, and Indian corn. 
 They also specified how Mr. Ward's rate should be made, and collected. 
 Men were to be appointed yearly " to cut, make, and bring home his hay 
 and wood," who were to be paid out of his salary. 
 
 The next Court ordered the Constable of Haverhill to levy, by way of 
 Bate, on the inhabitants of Haverhill, the sum of £12. 19 s. " for the satis- 
 fying of Mr. John Clements for the charges expended in Haverhill " by 
 the Council. 
 
 This year Michael Emerson moved into town, and settled near the 
 White house, on Mill Street. The grantees offered that if he would "go 
 back into the woods," they would give him a tract of land. He accepted 
 the offer, and settled not far from the corner of Primrose and Winter 
 Streets. The "Emerson Estate," on the south side of the latter street, 
 is a part of the original tract granted to Michael Emerson. 
 
 ' Tbe Council's return to the General Court was "only a, verbal return." — C. R. i — 210. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 87 
 
 In July of this year, the first Quakers arrived in the colony, and soon 
 was commenced what is generally called the persecution of the Quakers. 
 Their books were burned, and a sentence of banishment passed upon them. 
 Severe penalties were prescribed, even to maiming and death, for all 
 such as should return into the jurisdiction after their banishment. Under 
 this law, four persons were executed. In 1661, the King issued an order 
 requiring that this punishment of his subjects, called Quakers, should 
 cease. The order was obeyed, and all disturbances by degrees subsided. 
 
 Early in the year 1657, "Goodman Simons" was appointed to keep the 
 ferry on the " Great Kiver." If he had only a canoe, he was to ferry sin- 
 gle persons for two-pence, and cattle for four-pence each ; but if he 
 provided a suitable boat, his price was to be six-pence a head for cattle 
 two-pence for sheep and hogs, and three-pence for strangers. 
 
 At the town meeting of March 6th, John Hutchins, of Newbury, was 
 granted liberty to set a xoear in the Merrimack, " at the little island above 
 the town by the falls." He was to have the use of the island and the 
 flats to dry his fish. For these privileges, he was to *' sell fish to the in-, 
 habitants of the town for such pay as the town can make ; " (that is, 
 exchange for such produce, &c., as they could spare). He was also " to sell 
 them dry fish at merchants prices, for their own spending, before any 
 other." The town also granted him a houselot and other land. Hutchins 
 agreed to have his works finished within two years, and doubtless did so. 
 
 Previous to this time, no one was required to pay public rates, or taxes, 
 unless he was a freeholder. From the first, there were some in town who 
 did not own any real estate, and as their number increased with the gen- 
 eral increase of the inhabitants, it was at length obvious that as they 
 " partook of the benefits of the church and commonwealth," they ought 
 also to share in the labor of maintaining them. Accordingly the town 
 voted that if any person moved into town who was not a freeholder, he 
 should be taxed for these purposes according to his " visible estate," or by 
 estimation of the selectmen. 
 
 In January, 1658, a third division of meadow was granted, and ordered 
 to be laid out before the loth of May next, at the rate of half an acre to 
 an acre of accommodation. Forty-one persons drew lots in this division, 
 The only new name we find among them, is that of William Simmons. 
 
 At the same meeting it was voted that, if any person had no convenient 
 road to his upland, or meadow, upon his complaint to the town, two men 
 were to be chosen to lay one out, whose charges should be defrayed by the 
 town. 
 
 There seems to have been a great deal of laying down and taking up land 
 this year, by the inhabitants. At one time it appears as if " the plain " 
 
88 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 was the favorite spot for locating ; and, anon, the owners in the plain are 
 suddenly laying down their land, and rushing " over the Little Eiver west- 
 ward." No sooner have they done this, than the Little Eiver people make 
 haste to take up the land in the plain. A study of these cross-cut move- 
 ments among the early settlers, leads us to the sage conclusion that "hu- 
 man nature is human nature," the world over. 
 
 It appears that the inhabitants suffered considerably for the want of a 
 blacksmith. To obviate this difficulty, a contract was signed by Mr. 
 Ward and nineteen others, in which each agree to pay Mr. Jewett his 
 proportion of twenty pounds, to purchase his house and land, which the 
 contractors gave to John Johnson, " provided he live here seven years, 
 following the trade of a blacksmith in doing the town's work ; also, the 
 said John Johnson doth promise to refuse to work for any that refuse to 
 pay towards this purchase, untill they bring under the Selectmen's hands 
 that they will pay." This house stood on the ground now occupied by 
 the Exchange building. Water Street. Until recently, this land has been 
 owned by the heirs of Hon. Bailey Bartlett, a lineal descendant fi'om the 
 above John Johnson. He was also the ancestor of most of the Johnsons in 
 the town, 
 
 Johnson came from Charlestown, where he married, October 15, 1656, 
 Elizabeth, daughter of Elias Maverick, and had one child, John (born 
 August 3, 1657) previous to his removal to Haverhill. It is worthy of 
 note, that the same trade has been almost or quite constantly carried on 
 in this town, since that time, by his lineal descendants. Washington 
 Johnson, son of John, (who was also a blacksmith,) still exercises the 
 trade, and his shop stands on land once belonging to the oiiginal John 
 Johnson, 
 
 The following are the names of those who entered into the above agree- 
 ment with Johnson : — 
 
 " Mr, John Ward, John Heath, for himself & Thomas 
 
 Joseph Jewett, Lilford, 
 
 John Eaton, James Davis, jun, 
 
 James Davis sen, Thomas Whittier, 
 
 Henry Palmer, William Simons, 
 
 William White, Hugh Sherratt, 
 
 Thomas Daivis, Samuel Gluile, 
 
 Robert Swan, Daniel Ella promised to give five 
 
 Theophilus Satchwell, shillings towards this purchase, 
 
 George Browne, Steven Kent 12 shillings." 
 
 Bartholomew Heath, 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 89 
 
 The first regular deed of Eeal Estate in the town, that we can find re- 
 corded, is that of Thomas Sleeper and wife, to "\Vm. White, under date of 
 October 11, 1659. The form is very nearly that in present use. 
 
 The same year, a fourth division of upland was laid out, beyond Spig- 
 got River, (in what is now Salem, N. H.) It was ordered to be bounded 
 south by the Merrimack, north by Shatswell's Pond, west by the town's 
 bounds, and to run eastward until the lots were all drawn. It was divided 
 into forty-nine lots, all but three of which were drawn. They were laid 
 out one mile in length, and at the rate of twenty acres to one acre of 
 accommodation land. 
 
 At the meeting of November 23d, it was voted that if a town meeting 
 was publicly warned on a Lecture day, it should be considered a sufficient 
 notice. It was also voted that no man should be taken into town as 
 an inhabitant, or " town dweller," without the consent of the town. 
 As the inhabitants were proprietors of the soil, and had a flourishing set- 
 tlement well established, we surely cannot blame them for exercising their 
 undoubted right to say who should be their associates, and share in 
 their important advantages and privileges. It was also voted that none 
 should be allowed to vote in town affairs, without consent from the town, 
 except as the law gave them that privilege. 
 
 The population of the town now began to increase more rapidly. The 
 beauty of the location, the sober industry and thrift of the inhabitants, 
 and their liberality toward new comers generally, were inclucements that 
 ere this were widely known, and many were eager to become an inhabitant 
 of the town. 
 
 Under such circumstances, we need not wonder that the meeting-house 
 had already been found too small to accommodate the worshippers. To 
 remedy the inconvenience, the town appointed a committee to enlarge and 
 repair the house, according to their best discretion; and "to finish it, 
 and make seats in it, and also to sell land for to pay the workmen, not ex- 
 ceeding twenty acres in the cow-common."'-' 
 
 Daniel Ladd and Theophilus Shatswell, having received liberty from 
 the town, erected a saw-mill on Spiggot (Spicket) Pdver. It was built 
 
 <=■ This is the first uotice we find of a cow-commrm, though it appears one had previously been laid out. 
 Like many other matters, no record had been made of it. The common alluded to, was that situated 
 nearly due north from the bridge, on the south and west of Round Pond. A part of it is still known as 
 the " Commons." 
 
 12 
 
90 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 within the present limits of Salem, N, H., and was the first one erected 
 upon that stream. The proprietors were required to pay the town five 
 pounds per annum for the privilege. 
 
 Sometime this year, John Clement sailed for England, and on his out- 
 ward voyage was cast away and drowned. At the September term, 
 Eohert, his brother, applied to the Court to be appointed administrator of 
 his estate. This is the first notice we have of an administratorship in the 
 town. The following is a copy of the Record : — 
 
 " John Clements late of Haverhill, being by God's providence cast away 
 and dying intestate, the worshipful Mr. Samuel Symonds, and Major Gen- 
 eral Denizen the Clarke, being present, granted administration unto Eobert 
 Clements of the estate of John Clements deceased, he to bring an inven- 
 tory to Ipswich Court next, and then the Court to take further orders." 
 
 In the following year, Eobert Clement " brought in an accompt to this 
 court of his charges expended in his voiage to England and Ireland, his 
 brother John, his wife and children ; and upon the request of his brother 
 Job and Sisters, the court confirmed the administration unto Eobert 
 Clements of the estate of his brother John Clements. "•■' 
 
 A petition was presented to the General Court in October, 1659, asking 
 for the grant of " a tract of land twelve miles square, in a place called 
 Pennacooke." The petitioners were from Newbury, Mass., and Dover, 
 N. H. The court granted them eight miles square, on certain conditions, 
 which were not, however, complied with. Pennacook, now Concord, N. H., 
 was not settled till 1726. 
 
 In these days of rapid movements, it seems almost incredible that nearly 
 a century should intervene between the settlement of this town and the 
 rich and extensive intervales of Penacook, only forty miles distant. But 
 so it was. Haverhill was a frontier town for more than seventy years. 
 
 ' John Clements was the son of Eoljert, senior. He married Sarah, daughter of John Osgood, of Ando- 
 yer, by whom he had four daughters. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 91 
 
 CHAPTER VIII. 
 1660 TO 1669. 
 
 The early inhabitants of Haverhill seem to have had a strong desire for 
 a large town. We have seen that as early as 1644, they petitioned for 
 more land; and again in 1648 ; and for a long series of years they were 
 disputing with Salisbury about a few acres of meadow ; and when the 
 General Court granted Major Dennison a tract of land " on the other side 
 of Merrimack, about sixe miles above Andover," in 1660, it was found 
 that Haverhill claimed the land as within the bounds of their town ! The 
 Court evidently thought that this was claiming altogether too much, and 
 they accordingly ordered "that the townsmen of Haverhill be required 
 by warrant from the secretary to appear at the next sessions of this Court, 
 to show a reason why they have marked bound trees at so great a distance 
 from their town up Merremacke Eiver and also to give an account of the 
 bounds of their town, and upon what right they lay claim to so long a 
 tract of land. 
 
 The town chose James Davis and Theophilus Shatswell " to answer the 
 warrant of the G-eneral Court concerning the bounds." They were voted 
 to be paid " ten groats per day " each, for their services. 
 
 At the iSTovember meeting, it was ordered that the land " behind the 
 meeting house should be reserved for a burial ground." This is the first 
 mention we find in relation to a burial ground, but as the old English 
 custom was to appropriate a spot near the church for that purpose, which 
 they called " Grod's acre," we presume that from the first settlement, the 
 dead had been buried near the meeting house, and that this vote was 
 merely the formal setting apart of the place for that purpose. The spot 
 referred to, was the central part of the old burial ground, now called 
 *' Pentucket Cemetery." 
 
 At the same meeting, ten acres of meadow, and two hundred acres of 
 upland, were granted for a parsonage to Mr. Ward and his successors. 
 
 A second ox-common was also granted, on the petition of six persons. 
 It was situated between Merrie's Creek and a small brook which issues 
 from West-meadow. Eighteen oxen were kept upon it. 
 
 The first public school in the town was established about this time ; the 
 instructor was Thomas Wasse, whose salary was ten pounds per year. 
 
92 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 He also taught school in Ipswich, (Chehaco Parish) and at Newhury. He 
 died at Newbury May 18, 1691. Wasse kept the school in Haverhill from 
 1660 to 1673, and perhaps later. 
 
 It seems that the inhabitants were still troubled about their mills. At 
 the above meeting, a committee was chosen to request the executors of Mr, 
 (John) Clements to repair the mill, or "desert the -place." If they re- 
 fused, the committee were to " force them by law," 
 
 Up to this time there had been recorded nineteen marriages, one hun- 
 dred and thirty-five births, and thirty deaths. 
 
 At the town meeting of February 28, 1661, a fourth division of meadow 
 was ordered to be laid out. Fifty-three lots were drawn," 
 
 The road near "hucklebery hill " was laid out this year; ano the ox- 
 common was divided into two parts ; — the division line running nnrth and 
 south. Those who lived east of Mill Brook were to occupy the eastern 
 part of the ox-common, and those who lived west of the brook, the west- 
 em part. 
 
 At the same meeting, the following vote was passed: — "Voted and 
 granted that there shall be laid out to every one that will, either now, or 
 hereafter, to every four acres of commonage, two ox-pastures, proportion- 
 able to the first ox-common, provided they make their title appear to the 
 town." 
 
 These two votes indicate the change already taking place in the town. 
 The settlers were fast appi-oaching the present individuality in property. 
 Each man desired to be lord over his own domains, — king in his own 
 castle. The latter vote allowed each man to have his ox-pasture by him- 
 self, if he so desired, and at the next annual meeting the large ox-common 
 laid out in 1654, was divided,, and parceled out to the persons entitled to 
 shares in it ; and various persons had private ox-commons, or pastures, 
 laid out for them. 
 
 The settlers had already begun to form their lands into farms, by " lay- 
 ing down," " taking up," buying, selling, and exchanging lots ; many had 
 built themselves houses, and removed their families on to their farms ; 
 and the best part of the town's ten-itory was fast becoming dotted with 
 the cottages of the settlers. 
 
 At the same meeting of the town, the following vote was passed : — 
 " Voted and granted that all such grants of land which the inhabitants of 
 Haverhill are already legally possessed of or may hereafter be legally 
 
 ° Among the names, we notice the following, not before mentioned in the divisions of land : — John 
 Johnson, Ephraim Davis, John Carleton, James Pecker, John Remington, William Deale, Michael Emer- 
 son, Daniel Ela, Joseph Johnson, John Eaton. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 93 
 
 possessed of in tlie town of Haverliill, shall remain to them, their heirs, 
 executors, administrators and assigns forever, excepting such grants as 
 are or shall be made to some men during the towns pleasure, or for a set 
 time." 
 
 This vote was hut another step in the direction already indicated, and 
 shows us still more plainly the prevailing desire for independent land 
 ownership. The laying out of highways now hecame nearly as frequent 
 as the laying out of lots had been previously ;=■' the land rapidly increased 
 in value and productiveness, and the town in population and wealth. 
 
 The following extracts from the town records, though they do not give 
 a list of all the houses built in the years mentioned, yet show that the 
 town was increasing with great rapidityf : — 
 
 •' Cottages. Whereas the law provides for the prevention of the great 
 inconvenience and damage that otherways would accrue by those persons 
 that have built houses or cottages upon the common, or their own land, 
 since 16G0, that have not lawful right thereunto, to the great prejudice of 
 the house proprietors. Thereof we whose names are hereunto subscribed, 
 do judge it meet for the prevention as abovesaid, and do here set down the 
 names of those that have built houses upon the Common of Haverhill, or 
 their own land, since the year above-said. 
 
 Samuel Davis, Thomas Whittier, Stephen Webster,. 
 
 James Davis jun, Abraham Whiticker. James Peacker, 
 
 John Swaddock, Samuell Coulby, Daniel Ladd jun, 
 
 Samuel G-ilde sen, Samuell Currier, Mathias Button, 
 
 Bartholomew Heath, Benjamin Page, Stephen Dow, 
 
 Nathaniel Smith John Page jun, John Eyer, 
 
 Will: Xeff, Joshua Woodman. 
 
 (Signed) Greorge Browne, Daniel Lad sen, John Haseltine, Joseph Davis, 
 Selectmen of Haverhill, in the year 1668." 
 
 ® The highway between this town and Newbury was fonnally laid out this year. 
 
 t On the 15th of Marcli, 1660, the town of Ipswich adopted the following order : — 
 
 "For as much as it is found by experience, that the common lands of this town are overburdened by 
 the multiplying of dwelling-houses, contrary to the interest and meaning of the first inhabitants in their 
 granting of house lots and other lands to such as came among them : to the end such inconveniences may 
 be prevented for the future, it is ordered that no house, henceforth erected, shall have any right to the 
 common lands of this town, nor any person, inhabiting such house, make use of any pasture, timber, or 
 wood, growing upon any of said common lands, on pretext of any right or title belonging to any such 
 house hereafter built, without express leave of the town. It is further ordered, that the Seven men, in 
 behalf of the town, petition the next General Court for the confirmation of this order." 
 
 In accordance with the above petition, the General Court passed a law. May 30, 1660, that " no cot- 
 tage or dwelling shall have commonage, except those now built, or which may be by consent of the 
 commoners or towns." It was this law which occasioned a record of the erection of these cottages to be 
 made. 
 
94 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 " A list of more houses that are and fall under the law made in '60, 
 prohibiting them from privileges in Common lands. 
 Joseph Davis, Robert Ford, John Kingsbury, 
 
 Daniel Lad sen, Isaac Colbie, Thomas Ayers, 
 
 Joseph Johnson, 
 As attest, Henry Palmer, George Brown, James Pecker, Eobert Swan, Steven 
 Webster, Selectmen in 1669." 
 
 " A list of more houses built which fall under the law made 1660 which 
 prohibits them from privileges in Common lands. 
 
 James Kingsbery Gilbert Wilford, Phillip Eastman, 
 
 Thomas Duston,'"' Math. Harriman, Josiah Gage, 
 
 Dan Lad juu. 2d, Eob. Emerson, Jno. Hartshorn, 
 
 Thomas Davis, Joseph Peasly, Tho. Hartshorn, 
 
 Peter Green, Josej)h Page, Widdow Ayers, 
 
 Joseph Hutchins, Josiah Heath, .James Sanders, 
 
 Samll. Hutchins, Nicholas Browne, Jno. Heath jun, 
 
 Steph. Webster 2nd, Samll. Ladd, Samll. Bilknap, 
 
 Thomas Eastman, Nath. Singleterry, Peter Brewer. 
 
 " This account was entered Jan 25: 75, by the Selectmen. 
 William White, George Brown, Daniel Hendricks, Thomas Eatton, 
 Selectmen in 1675." 
 
 "Feb the 1st 1677. An account of more Cottages erected since Janu- 
 ary 25, 75. 
 
 Thomas Duston, Eob. Hastings, James Saunders 2d 
 
 Jno. Eobie, Ezra Eolf. 
 
 As attest Henry Palmer, Andrew Guile, George Brown." 
 
 " More cottages erected since Feb 1. 77. 
 Sam: Ayers, Thomas Duston 2nd,t John Whittier, 
 
 Joseph Kingsbery, John Williams, John Haseltine jun 
 
 Amos Singletery, Benj Singletery. 
 
 This account was entered January 13th 1679, by order of Henry Palmer, 
 George Browne, Daniel Hendricks, Eobert Emerson, Selectmen." 
 
 " More cottages erected, entered Feb. 27. 81. 
 Nath. Haseltine, Jno Stockbridge, Samll Dalton, 
 
 Jno Johnson jun, Jno Clement." 
 
 ^' This was probably the house Duston sold to Peter Green, in 1676. 
 
 t As Duston Tvas married December, 1677, it is probable this house was built in the summer of that 
 year, and was the one in which he resided at the time his wife was taken prisoner, in 1697. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 95 
 
 The better sort of houses one hundred and fifty to one hundred and 
 seventy-five years ago, were two stories high, with upper story jutting out 
 a foot or so over the lower. The roofs were generally high and steep, and 
 hipped, or gambreed. The frames were of white oak, and much larger 
 than used in our day, and the beams of each finished room were left con- 
 siderably in sight. The windows were from two and a half to three feet 
 long, one and a half to two wide, with squares like the figure of a diamond, 
 set in lead lines, and from three to four inches long. These windows were 
 sometimes entire and sometimes in halves, and opened outwardly on hinges. 
 They were fashionable until after about 1734. Those with four by six 
 glass succeeded ; then five by seven ; then six by eight ; then seven by 
 nine, set in wooden frames, — which began to be used about 1750. 
 
 Lime-stone was little known, and less manufactnred, for more than a 
 century after the first settlement of the town, and the walls of houses 
 were daubed with clay, mixed with straw, or plastered with a sort of lime 
 made in great part of clam-shells. Paper was not put on walls until 
 about a hundred years ago, and very little until 1783, — whitewash being 
 used in its stead. 
 
 Each side of a dwelling had bricks laid against the inner partition, be- 
 ing then covered with clay, and then with clay-boards, (since corrupted to 
 clap-boards) , thus making them comfortable in cold weather, as well as 
 durable. While the better kind of buildings were shingled on the top, 
 others, such as cottages of one story, had thatched roofs, until after about 
 1690. The latter was an imitation of a custom in England, where it 
 still exists in country villages. 
 
 Previous to 1700, very few if any houses had more than one chimney. 
 This was in the middle, and of very large dimensions ; and, besides other 
 fire-places, had a mammoth one for the kitchen, where a whole family 
 could sit conveniently on the two forms, or " settles," placed in the corners. 
 The writer distinctly remembers sitting in such a fire-place, gazing at the 
 sky above, and watching the upward curling smoke from the huge logs be- 
 fore him. Thirty cords of fire-wood annually was not then thought 
 extravagant for a family. 
 
 Paint was but little used for houses, either inside or outside, before 
 about 1734, and even fifty years later it was not common for even the 
 *' best room" to be thus ornamented, much less the whole house. Very 
 few houses were painted outside as late as 1800. 
 
 Mirick says, that the first militia company was organized in town this 
 year (1662). We think he is mistaken, as a military organization most 
 certainly existed in town as early as 1648, and the laws of the colony re- 
 
96 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 quired such an organization to be kept up in every town." It is true that 
 the town records make no mention of a company previous to this year, but 
 we must remember that but a small part of the tx-ansactions of the inhabi- 
 tants, even in their collective capacity, are recorded. This is especially 
 the case with matters regulated by the General Court, of which this under 
 consideration was one. 
 
 This year, William AMiite was chosen Captain, and Daniel Ladd Lieu- 
 tenant, and we presume their successors were regularly chosen for many 
 years afterward. 
 
 The settlers were much troubled about these times with wolves, which 
 destroyed large numbers of sheep. The colony and the county had offered 
 large premiums for every wolf's head, but so serious were their depreda- 
 tions that the town offered, as an addition to the State and County premium, 
 a bounty of forty shillings for every wolf killed. The following is the 
 vote: " If any Indian shall kill a wolf in Haverhill bounds, he, or they 
 shall have for every wolf so killed, forty shillings." 
 
 This reference to Indians does not prove us wrong in our previous spec- 
 ulations as to Indians in the town, or weaken our position. They were 
 undoubtedly " converted " Indians, of whom there were at this time hun- 
 dreds in the colony, scattered among the several towns and plantations, as 
 well as collected in Indian villages. We well know that one of these 
 "praying " Indians, made his home in this town for some time, and was 
 the author of several cold-blooded murders during the wars that followed. 
 
 One of the most distinguished persons engaged in the work of converting 
 the aborigines of Massachusetts to the Christian faith, was Eev. John 
 Elliott, of Eoxbury. He commenced his active labors in 1646, visiting 
 the different tribes, and persuading them to imitate the manners and 
 habits of their civilized neighbors. In 1651, his converts united and 
 built a town, which they called Natick. In 1664:, Mr. Elliot completed 
 the translation of the Bible into the Indian language, and the work of con- 
 version increased, until, in 1695, it was estimated that in Martha's Vine- 
 yard alone there were over three thousand Indian converts. In 1674, 
 there were fourteen " praying towns " of Indians in Massachusetts alone. 
 One of these was Wamesit, (a part of Tewksbury, or Lowell) containing 
 seventy-five souls. 
 
 Many of these praying Indians lived in the families of the settlers, and 
 labored for them ; and were allowed many privileges previously denied 
 
 « In 16n6 the militia were divided into three regiments. The Court appointed the Colonel and Lieu- 
 tenant-Colonel ; the regiments elected their field officers, and "the several towns" were to make choice of 
 Bome suitable persons to present to the General Court for " Captains and Lieutenants." — Col. Kec. 1, 187. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 97 
 
 them, as, for instance, the possession and use of fire-arms. It '!;vas these 
 Indians that the vote of the town evidently referred to, and not the origi- 
 nal inhabitants of the town. 
 
 By a vote of the town the same year, William Simmons received " the 
 overplus in the Constable's hands of the Country rate, to satisfy him for 
 his curing of Matthias Button."-' This is the first hint we can find of any 
 physician being in town. Simmons was at this time, and for the five 
 years previous, the town's ferryman, as well as physician. 
 
 We mentioned, under date of 1660, that the town laid claim to land 
 some distance west of Spicket River, and were summoned to the General 
 Court to prove their claim to such extensive bounds. The following which 
 we copy from the Eecords of the Court, for 1664, throws light upon the 
 result of that investigation : — 
 
 " This Court hauing in October, 1660, graunted Major Generll Dennis- 
 son sixe hundred acres of land, (formerly graunted) to be layed out be- 
 yond Merrymack Eiuer, a litle above Old Wills planting ground, which 
 land was then clajmed by the towne of Hauerill, as within their bound, 
 for which they, by their atturnays, sumoned to appeare at that Court, did 
 alleadg seuerall pleas, which the Court then judged invalid, & notwith- 
 standing the same, they then graunted the six hundred acres, provided it 
 were not within seaven miles of Hauerill meeting house, which sajd sixe 
 hundred acres being since laid out, as above exprest, by George Abbot & 
 Thomas Chandler, & returned to this Court is allowed and confirmed." 
 
 This does not seem to have settled the matter of the western bounds of 
 the town, as we find the following in the Eecords for October, (1664) : — 
 
 "For an issue in the casein diff"erence between Major Generall Den- 
 nison & the towne of Haverill, relating to their bounds, the Court 
 judgeth it meete to confirme the bounds of Haverill, not extending vpon 
 the river above eight miles from their meeting house, & doe confirm unto 
 Major Generall Dennison his farme as it is now lajd out." 
 
 Though, in 1662, the Court would only allow the town to extend seven 
 miles westward, in 1664, it seems, they consented to add another mile. 
 Beckoning by the river, this would make the western bound of the town 
 at least four miles west of its present bounds, and not far from the mouth 
 of Spicket Eiver in the city of Lawrence. 
 
 The town had, however, already laid out land to some of its inhabitants 
 
 o Matthias Button came over with the first Governor of Massachusetts (Endieott) in 1628. He was 
 living in a thatched house in Haverhill as late as 1670, and gave the Rev. Thomas Cobbett (of Ipswich) 
 some of the facts conmianicated to Dr. Increase Mather, of the early troubles with the Indiiius. He 
 died in 1672. 
 
 13 
 
98 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL, 
 
 still further west, and when the Major's farm was finally laid out, it was 
 obliged to lay out new lots instead of them, in another place. 
 
 From the Eoxbury church records, we learn that there was a severe 
 drought in the early part of 1662; and from the Hampton Court records, 
 that the following winter was very moderate, the ground not freezing un- 
 til the twentieth of December. 
 
 In 1663, the town voted that there should be a general Town-Meeting 
 holden on the first Tuesday in March, annually, " for the granting and 
 selling & exchanging of lands or commonages, if the town see cause, & 
 therefore it is hereby ordered, that all the other town or other meetings 
 whatever, after this day is ended, shall be, & are hereby prohibited from 
 acting upon those grants of lands or commonages."-' 
 
 Previous to this, there was no regular time for holding town meetings, 
 or acting upon land matters. The day above designated continued to be 
 the time for the annual meetings until 1675, when it was changed to the 
 last Tuesday in February. 
 
 Previous to this time, grants of land were seldom recorded in the town 
 books at the time they were laid out ; — thus, Samuel Gild's grant of 
 1663, was not entered until 1690. The evil tendency of this loose prac- 
 tice was too glaring to escape notice, and, in 1664, a step was taken in 
 the right direction, by requiring all future grants to be recorded when laid 
 out. This was followed two years after, by an order requiring that all 
 who claimed to own land in town, should bring in their title to the same, 
 that it might be duly examined and approved. 
 
 At a meeting in December 1663, it was voted to lay out the way " for- 
 merly called Goodman Ayers cartway," and leading "from Coffin's Ordi- 
 nary to the country highway," as a public highway, and twelve rods wide. 
 This "twelve rod way" afterward caused the town considerable trouble 
 as will be seen. It commenced at the foot of " Sander's Hill " (near the 
 present residence of Richard Stuart) and run in a direct line to the 
 Merrimack, striking the latter about one fourth of a mile above the Eocks 
 Bridge. 
 
 At the annual meeting, in 1664, the selectmen were authorized to sell a 
 quantity of land, to pay the expense of building a pound. This was the 
 first building of the kind erected ; it was built of wood and stood near the 
 meeting house. 
 
 The town still continued to be troubled with wolves, and so great was 
 the damage done by them, that the town, again offered a bounty of forty 
 
 * The word farm, is found in the town records of this year for the first time. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 99 
 
 shillings for eaeh one killed, in addition to the large bounty offered by 
 the County. 
 
 Mr. John Carleton was this year chosen Town Eecorder and Clerk of 
 the Writs, in which ofl&ces he continued until 1668. 
 
 An old manuscript states that there were sixty-four freemen in town 
 this year. The list begins with " Mr. Ward our preacher." 
 
 Another cow-common was ordered to be laid out ; it extended from 
 Little Eiver to a place then called North-meadow, and from thence to 
 East-meadow. 
 
 The owners of the saw-mill were this year allowed the use of one hun- 
 dred acres to pasture their oxen, by paying an annual rent of "100 
 boards." 
 
 The General Court, in 1664, remitted to John Hutchins, late constable 
 of Haverhill, several pounds, for corn which he had collected for taxes, 
 but which was consumed by fire, while yet on his hands. The Court also 
 granted him twenty shillings "for his pains in executing a warrant for 
 the apprehending of an Indian for killing his squaw." 
 
 At the annual meeting of 1665, a road was ordered to be laid out from 
 *' Holt's Eocks,"" just below the present Eocks Bridge, to the Country 
 bridge, in the East-meadow. 
 
 It was also voted that Mr. Ward, with three others, " should plan and 
 seat the inhabitants of Haverhill in the seats built in the meeting house." 
 
 Nathaniel Saltonstall was chosen Captain of the Militia company, and 
 George Browne, Ensign. The flag of this company was a ground field 
 green, with a red cross, " with a white field in ye angle according to ye 
 antient custom of our own English Nation, and the English plantations in 
 America, & our own practice in our ships & other vessels, by order of ye 
 Major General." The military forces of the town, and, in fact, of the 
 whole colony, seem to have been well organized at this period. 
 
 The inhabitants about this time seem to have been much troubled for 
 want of sufficient mill accommodations, as we find " that taking into con- 
 sideration that the corn mill now in Haverhill is not sufficient to answer 
 the town's end for to grind the town's corn," a committee was chosen to 
 treat with John Osgood and Andrew Grealey, the owners of the mill, '♦ to 
 know whether they will maintain a sufficient mill or mills for to answer 
 the end of the town." In case the owners should neglect or refuse to do 
 it, the committee were empowered " to agree with any other men that will 
 build & maintain a sufficient mill or mills, that may answer the end of 
 the town for to grind the town's corn sufficiently." 
 
 ** Holt's Rocks were so called from one Nicholas Holt, one of the first settlers of Newbury, and who 
 afterward settled in Andover. He kept the first ferry near the Rocks. 
 
100 HISTOKY OF HAVERHILt. 
 
 This vigorous action on the part of the town had the desired effect. An 
 agreement was entered into with the committee, by Bartholomew Heath 
 and Andrew Grealey, to the following effect : — 
 
 " Fijst, to repair the mill that now is, by Sept next : & if this mill 
 proves insufficient to answer the town's end, then to build another by 
 September following ; & so to keep & maintain from time to time a suffi- 
 cient corn mill or mills, suitable for all sorts of grain that the inhabitants 
 of Haverhill shall have occasion to grind : and also to keep a sufficient 
 skilful miller, or millers, such as the town shall approve of from time to 
 time ; & further do engage to provide good millstones ; and convenient 
 room for the laying of the bags, with sufficient housing with lock and key : 
 & also we do engage not to grind for any other town or towns to the hin- 
 drance of any of the inhabitants of Haverhill." 
 
 In consideration of the above, the town agreed that Heath and Grealey 
 should "have so much privilege of the land in the street on both sides of 
 the brook at the end of Michael Emerson's lot as may be convenient to 
 set another mill on, or any other place on the town's land. And also we 
 do engage that no other man shall set up a mill or mills upon any land 
 that is the town's with any order from the town." The agreement is 
 dated November 4, 1665. 
 
 Among the names met with in the records of this year, we find the fol- 
 lowing new ones : — William Compton, Eoger Lanceton. 
 
 With the increase of population came the necessity of more extensive 
 meeting house accommodations, and after due deliberation it was voted at 
 the annual meeting of 16G6, "yt John Hutchins shall have libertie to 
 beuld a gallerey at ye westend of ye meeting house, and to take any of ye 
 inhabitants of ye town to joyne with him, provided yt he give nottise to 
 ye towne whether he will or noe ye next training day, soe yt any of ye 
 inhabitants of ye towne yt hath a minde to joyne with him, may give in 
 their naimes ; and yt there is none but ye inhabitants of ye towne is to 
 have any interest in ye said gallery." 
 
 At the same meeting, it was voted, that the " Selectmen, chosen for the 
 year ensuing, shall have power to act in any prudential affairs according 
 to the laws of the country, excepting in the disposing of lands." For 
 years afterward this vote was renewed annually. 
 
 From the records of the County Court, we learn, that John Carleton of 
 this town was fined three pounds for striking Eobert Swan several blows, 
 & Eobert Swan 30s for striking John Carleton several blows." We com- 
 mend the wisdom of the Court in punishing both parties. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 101 
 
 The bounds of the town were not, it seems, yet fully settled, but con- 
 tinued to occupy the attention both of the town and the General Court, 
 until the latter evidently considered it high time the matter was finally 
 disposed of. 
 
 Accordingly, at the May session of 1666, "Left Thomas Noyes, of 
 Sudbury, John Parker of Billirrikey, & Left Challice, of Salisbury New- 
 toune," were " appointed a committee to run the bounds of the town of 
 Haverill, & make returne thereof to the next session of the Court." 
 
 At the session of the succeeding May, the following report was submit- 
 ted to the court : — 
 
 " In obedience to an order of the honored Generall Court, dated the 
 23d of May, 1666, Thomas ISToyes, of Sudbury, Lieftenant Challice, of 
 Salisbury, New towne, John Parker, of Billirrikey, did meete at Haverill, 
 the 31st day of October 1666, to runn the bounds of Haverill, according 
 to order committed unto us. Wee began at the meeting house, and runne 
 a due west Ijne just eight miles ; there wee reared up a heape of stones, & 
 from thence runn a due south Ijne to Merrymacke Eiver, & stated'-' a due 
 north Ijne from the sajd heape of stones to meet with & close the Ijne 
 northwest from the bound at Merrimack Eiver that divides between Hav- 
 erill & Salisbury, which bound is just two miles & fowerteen score poles 
 from Haverill meeting house, which lyeth _about east north east, & there 
 we cease our worke at that time for want of the order wherein that Ijne 
 was prefixt betwene Salisbury & Haverill from the sajd bounds at Holts 
 Eocks; then the sajd commi tee did appointe to meete again to finish the 
 work about the bounds vpon the first second day of May next following. 
 This worke was donne by Thomas Noyse, deceased, & refused to be sub- 
 scribed vnto by Lieftennant Challice, being left alone to make his returne 
 to the honord Court by him, who is your servant wherein you shall com- 
 mand, John Parker." 
 
 The Court approved of this report in the following words : — 
 
 " The Court doe approoue of this returne of the bounds of Haverill, so 
 farr as the same was statedf by Ensign Noyse & tAe rest of the comittee 
 appointed therevnto before the death of Ensigne Noyse ; but as for the 
 bounds between Haverill & Salisbury New toune, it is settled as this 
 Court hath determined this session."! 
 
 This being the first regular survey and marking of the west line of the 
 town, and, as we shall see, the fixing of its whole boundary line, by the 
 
 started. t Ibid. 
 
 1 We have already copied the order of the Court here referred to, under date of 1634. 
 
102 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL^ 
 
 General Court, it is worthy of more than a passing notice. The bounds 
 established at this time remained unchanged until the setting off, or lay- 
 ing out, of Methuen, in 1725, — a period of nearly sixty years. 
 
 "We have taken special pains to collect a complete history of our town 
 bounds, and have, fortunately, been successful. We have made thorough 
 search in the archives of this State, and also of New Hampshire, and 
 brought to light much interesting and important information upon the sub- 
 ject. We have found, and taken copies of, every plan and map of the 
 town, taken by Colonial and State authority, from its first survey, in 1667, 
 to 1832. 
 
 Among them is the first plan of the town ever drawn — that of Ensign 
 Noyes, as finished by Jonathan Danforth, in 1667, — and which we have 
 had engraved for this work. 
 
 As early as October, 1640, (within a few months of the first settlement 
 of the town) a committee was chosen by the General Court to " view the 
 bounds between Colchester (Salisbury) & Mr. Ward's plantation ; " 
 which we presume was done. At the next June Court, commissioners were 
 appointed " to set out the bounds of Salisbury & Pentucket, alias Haver- 
 hill," and " to determine the bounds which Mr Ward & his company are 
 to enjoy as a toune or village." We can find no report of the doings of 
 either of these committees, and have come to the conclusion that their 
 doings extended no further than a " viewing," or indefinite location, of 
 the line between these two towns. We are confident that they did not 
 determine the bounds which Mr. Ward and his company were to enjoy as a 
 town or village. 
 
 In 1647, the town petitioned for a large tract of land somewhere to the 
 northwest of the present town limits, to which the General Court made 
 answer that they thought four miles square was enough for them. AVhether 
 this four miles square referred to the whole area they should have as a 
 town, or to the tract of land then granted them, does not clearly appear 
 from the record, but we are confident that it referred to the latter." 
 
 In 1650, another committee was appointed to "lay out the bounds be- 
 tween Haverhill and Salisbury," which fact strengthens the opinion that 
 the previous committees merely " viewed" the bounds, and did not regu- 
 larly survey and mark the line. This last committee, however, did make 
 such a survey, and we hear nothing more about the matter until 1654, 
 when the town petitioned the General Court for a new survey, on the 
 
 » The Indian deed conveyed fourteen miles on the River, and six miles back from the River, and it 
 does not seem to us consistent with the usages of the times, that the Court should cut them down to a 
 mere four miles square. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL, 103 
 
 ground that a " great mistake was made in the former. The request 
 was granted, and the result proved that a mistake had been made. The 
 decision of the last appointed surveyors was not, it seems, satisfactory to 
 either party, (clearly showing that it was about right) and the subject 
 continued to occupy and trouble the minds of the inhabitants of both 
 towns, until the General Court approved -the survey of 1667, and firmly 
 decided that the line agreed upon in 1654, " should be the dividing line 
 betwene them." 
 
 When the General Court ordered its grant to Major General Daniel 
 Dennison to be laid out, in 1660, it was found that the Haverhill men 
 claimed some of the land, and objected to its being laid out to the Major.* 
 Upon this, the Court summoned the town " to shew a reason why they 
 have marked bounds trees at so great a distance from their towne vp 
 Meremacke Eiver, & also to give an account of the bounds of theire towne, 
 & vpon what right they lay clajme to so long a tract of land." It would 
 seem from this, that the western line of the town had been previously run, 
 and marked, though we can find no record of its being ordered, or done, 
 except those already mentioned. It is probable, however, that it was 
 done by the town, a few years previously, when the lands in that section 
 were laid out by them to the inhabitants of the town. Their Indian deed 
 gave them " eight miles from ye Little Eiver westward ; " but the General 
 Court declared it should be eight miles upon the river westward from 
 their meeting house. This made a difi"erence of three-fourths of a mile. 
 
 The easterly bound of the town was now (1666) a due northwest line 
 from Holt's Kocks, (the present bound), and when the commissioners came 
 on to lay out the western bounds, they commenced at the meeting house, 
 and run a line due west, eight miles, according to their interpretation of 
 the order of the General Court. That order, however, says " not extend- 
 ing upon the river above eight miles from their meeting house." By run- 
 ning due tvest from the latter point, instead of following the river, it gave 
 the town a much larger area than it would have given them by following 
 the crooked, or general southwesterly course of the river. This difi"erence 
 was not less than four miles, upon the river ; thus giving the town a tract 
 of land, equal to about four miles by twelve, more than a strict interpreta- 
 tion of the order of the General Court would have allowed them. 
 
 o Since the above was written, we have found, under date of ITll, a petition from John Denison, a 
 descendant of the Major above mentioned, to the proprietors of the common and undivided lands in 
 Haverhill, in which it is made to appear that thirty acres of the land laid out to the Major in 1660, actu- 
 ally fell within Haverhill bounds when the west line of the town was run in 1667 ; and that, in 1740, one 
 Lyndly petitioned the Haverhill proprietc-s to purchase this thirty acres of them. To such a sale the 
 petitioner (J. D.) objected, and to avoid all future trouble, requested the proprietors to give him their 
 quit claim to the land, — which they did. 
 
104 
 
 HISTORY OF HAVEBHILL, 
 
 We do not learn that the Haverhill people made any objection to this 
 course, and as it more than made up the difference between their bounds 
 as given in the original deed, and that in the order of the Court, we pre- 
 sume they were quite willing to keep quiet. 
 
 From the point eight miles west of the meeting house, a line was run 
 due north and south, extending to the Merrimack on the south, and to the 
 intersection of the northwest line from Holt's Eocks on the north. This 
 gave the township nearly the form of a triangle. The length of the north- 
 east angle was about fifteen miles ; of the west line rather more ; and an 
 air line from Holt's Eocks, to the southwest corner, would have been also 
 about fifteen miles. 
 
 The following engraving is made from the original plan, as drawn by 
 Jonathan Danforth, from this survey by Ensign Noyes. 
 
 "this platform of the town of hauerill hegan hy ensign Noise of Sudbury and finished by Jonathan 
 
 Danforth 16. 3d m. 1667." 
 
 The General Court approved of the report of the commissioners, and, 
 for the first time, the bounds of the town were apparently well defined 
 and understood. 
 
 From the foregoing, it will be seen that the original area of the town 
 was much greater than the present. This difference is not, however, gen- 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 105 
 
 erally known hy its present inhabitants ; and even those who do know 
 something of former changes in its bounds, have but a vague idea of their 
 extent. The following map shows, not only its past and present bounds, 
 but also those portions that have been from time to time taken off, in 
 forming new towns, and in running the present State line. There are 
 several inaccuracies in the map, which were not noticed in season for their 
 correction. The most important, is, the representing of the west line of 
 Methuen and the old west line of Haverhill, as touching the Merrimack 
 at the same point, whereas the distance between them should have been 
 about one and a half miles. "With this exception, the map is sufficiently 
 correct for the purpose for which it is here introduced. 
 
 MAP OF HAVEEHILt, AND ADJACENT TOWNS. 
 
 If we start from the site of the first meeting house, (in the old burying 
 
 ground,) and run a line due west, eight miles, it will bring us to a point 
 
 about four miles northwest of Methuen village. A line due south from 
 
 this point, will pass a little over two miles to the west of the above village, 
 
 14 
 
106 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 and strike the Merrimack Eiver about three and a half miles above the 
 upper bridge at Lawrence, and within about one and a half miles of 
 the present southwest coi-ner of Methuen. This last named line, was the 
 old western bound of Haverhill, as confirmed in 1667, and continued 
 until 1725. 
 
 A glance at the foregoing map, will show, that the town then included 
 the largest part of Methuen ; a large part of Salem and Plaistow ; all of 
 Atkinson ; and a good share of Hampstead. 
 
 In 1667, the highway " down the vallay to Holt's Rocks " was ordered 
 to be laid out ; but, with the impression that it would not be much used, 
 the town considerately accompanied the order with a proviso that those 
 who used the highway should keep it in repair. 
 
 At the same time a vote was passed declaring that the inhabitants 
 should keep the places assigned them by the committee in the meeting 
 house, under a penalty of two shillings six-pence. The selectmen were 
 ordered to see that the rule was attended to. John Hutchins was, how- 
 ever, excepted ; — probably on account of his large interest in the house, 
 for building the gallery. 
 
 Another lot of " accommodation " land was laid out in July of the same 
 year. The following are the names and the number of acres laid out to 
 each man : — 
 
 " Mr "Ward six & twenty 
 
 acres. 
 
 Job Clements" 
 
 5 
 
 James Davis sen & jun 
 
 20 
 
 Hugh Sherratt 
 
 8 
 
 George Browne 
 
 14 
 
 John Eobinson 
 
 4 
 
 John Eaton sen 
 
 10 
 
 Goodman Butler 
 
 4 
 
 Henry Palmer 
 
 9 
 
 Henry Savage 
 
 4 
 
 Eobert Eyre 
 
 4 
 
 Joseph Merrie 
 
 5 
 
 Oldgood Eyre 
 
 8 
 
 George Corley 
 
 5 
 
 John Ayres 
 
 8 
 
 Mill Lott 
 
 6 
 
 Wm White 
 
 5 
 
 James Pecker 
 
 2 
 
 Goodman Peasley 
 
 12 
 
 Eichard Littlehale 
 
 4 
 
 Goodman Guile 
 
 4 
 
 Mr Coffin 
 
 10 
 
 Goodman Tiler 
 
 4 
 
 John Eemington 
 
 4 
 
 Mr Clements, John, & Job 
 
 40 
 
 Eobt Swan 
 
 2 
 
 Old Goldwine 
 
 8 
 
 John Hutchings 
 
 6 
 
 Goodman Heath 
 
 10 
 
 Daniel. Ella 
 
 2 
 
 Andrew Grealey 
 
 6 
 
 Joseph Johnson 
 
 2 
 
 Goodman Noise 
 
 4 
 
 John Davis 
 
 6 
 
 Thos Haile 
 
 20 
 
 Job Clements" 
 
 3 
 
 Thos Davis 
 
 18 
 
 Daniel Hendricks 
 
 3 
 
 Goodman Ladd 
 
 6 
 
 John Eobinson 
 
 6 
 
 Goodman Williams 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 * It will be noticed there were three of this name. 
 
 t In all the drafts and dlTlsions of land, the "Mill Lot" is mentioned as receiving a portion, or lot. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 107 
 
 At the annual town meeting of 1668, "John Johnson was chosen Mod- 
 erator for the present meeting." This is the first mention we find of such 
 an officer, in the records, though one was regularly chosen afterward. 
 
 At the same time, a committee was chosen, to whom the inhabitants 
 were to " make known by what title they lay any claim to any land in 
 the town." 
 
 Several absentees from town meeting were fined for the offence. This 
 illustrates one of the marked characteristics of the early settlers of the 
 colony. Not to do that which ought to be done, was considered as worthy 
 of punishment, as to do that which ought not to be done. It was neces- 
 sary that there should be town meetings, to transact the business of the 
 town ; therefore every voter ought to attend, and do his part of the labor ; 
 and, hence, if he did not, he neglected his duty ; and a neglect of duty 
 was considered deserving of punishment ; and being so considered, they 
 never failed to administer it when occasion called for it. This is the key 
 to much in their history that at first seems strange and inconsistent, They 
 believed that exti-avagance in dress was not only foolish, but wrong ; — 
 and they punished the offender. They believed the Sabbath to be a day 
 set apart for a rest from secular labors ; — and they punished him who 
 would not so observe it. They considered worship a duty, and religious 
 meetings a part of worship ; therefore, every man was obliged to attend 
 religious services, and help pay for their support. They were stern men, 
 — those old Puritans, — and did some hard things ; but they were men of 
 inflexible fidelity to their convictions of right and duty ; and though we 
 may dissent from their judgment, we cannot but honor them for their good 
 intentions, and their uncompromising hostility to what they believed to 
 be wrong. 
 
 The town continued to be exceedingly jealous for the timber ; almost 
 every year, a vote was passed for its preservation, and this year, a fine of 
 ten shillings was imposed upon any person, who should fall a white, red, 
 or black-oak tree, within the town's limits, "for staves, heading, logs for 
 boards, or any thing else for transportation, without leave from the Select 
 men from year to 3'ear." 
 
 At the same meeting, Nathaniel Saltonstall was chosen Town Eecorder 
 and Clerk of the Writs ; in which offices he continued until 1700, — a 
 period of thirty-two years. At the May session of the General Court, 
 " Capt Nathaniel Saltonstall " was (in answer to a petition) authorized to 
 join persons in marriage."' 
 
 <* Mr. James Savage, who has made extensive historical and genealogical researches, stated at n meet- 
 ing of the Massachusetts Historical Society some time since, that he had discovered no record of a mar- 
 riage performed by a clergyman in New England prior to 1686, except in George's Province by a 
 
108 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 Nathaniel Saltonstall was descended from an ancient and highly re- 
 spectable family in Yorkshire, England. His grandfather, Sir Kichard 
 Saltonstall, was the first named associate of the six original patentees 
 of Massachusetts, and one of the first Assistants, and was present at their 
 court, August 23, 1630. He came over in the same ship with Governor 
 "Winthrop, in 1630, and was the leader aniong the first settlers of Water- 
 town. He brought over with him three sons and two daughters. He 
 returned to England in the spring of 1631, taking with him his two 
 daughters and his youngest son. He did not return to America. His 
 father, Richard, was born in 1610, and came to America with his father, in 
 1630. He was admitted a freeman in 1631. In November of the same 
 year, he returned to England, where he remained about four years and a 
 half, and married Meriell Gurdon, daughter of Brampton Gurdon, of Suf- 
 folk, with whom he again embarked for America, in 1635. Upon his 
 arrival, he settled in Ipswich, and was elected Deputy to the General 
 Court in the same year. He was elected Assistant in 1637, and continued 
 to be elected annually, until 1649, when he again retux-ned to England. 
 He was in America twice afterward, and returned to England finally in 
 1683, and died at Hulme, April 29, 1694, aged 84. 
 
 Nathaniel, was born in Ipswich, and graduated at Harvard, in 1659. 
 He married Elizabeth Ward, daughter of Eev. John AVard, gf Haverhill, 
 December 28, 1663, and settled in this town about the same time, upon 
 that beautiful estate half a mile east of the village, which was conveyed 
 to him by his father-in-law, on the occasion of his marriage. In 1664, 
 his father also deeded him eight hundred acres of land " on his marraige." 
 In 1665, he was chosen Captain of the military company in town; was 
 afterward appointed Colonel ; and, still later, was elevated to the impor- 
 tant post of Major. He was regularly chosen Assistant from 1679 to 
 1686, when the charter of Massachusetts Bay was taken away, and he was 
 named in the commission as one of " the council of the Governor of Massa- 
 chusetts Bay." As he had a few days before taken the oath of Assistant 
 
 clergyman of the Church of England. The statement elicited some discussion. It wag accounted for by 
 the fact that marriage was considered by the Puritans to be a civil contract and not a religious rite. In 
 abjuring the forms and ceremonies of the Established Church as offshoots of Popcrj', the marriage sacra- 
 ment was also abandoned. Winthrop's History of New England contains tbe following: — 
 
 " 1647, 4, 4th day, 6th month. There was a great marriage to be solemnized at Boston. The bride^ 
 groom being of Hingham, Mr. Hubbard's church, he was procured to preach, and came to Boston to that 
 end. But the magistrates, hearing of it, sent to him to forbear. The reasons were : 1. For that his 
 spirit had been discovered to be averse to our ecclesiastical and civil government: and he was a bold man 
 and would speak his mind. 2. We were not willing to bring in the English custom of ministers perform- 
 ing the solemnities of marriage, which sermons at such times might induce: but if any ministers were 
 present^ and would bestow a word of exhortation, Ac, it was permitted," 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 109 
 
 under the old charter, he refused the latter appointment, and, upon the 
 deposition of Sir Edmund, he became one of the Council which took 
 the government of the Colony into their hands. He continued in this 
 office until the arrival of the Charter of William and Mary, wherein he 
 was appointed one of their Majesty's Council. 
 
 In 1680, he went with the Deputy Governor and others, " with 60 sol- 
 diers, in a ship and sloop from Boston, to still the people at Casco Bay, 
 & prevent Gov Andros's usurpation." In 1683, he was appointed by the 
 Crown one of the Commissioners " to examine & enquire into the claims 
 & titles, as well of his Majesty as others, to the Narraganset country," to 
 which important mission he attended. 
 
 He was a man of superior powers of mind, and rare talent. In 1692, 
 he was appointed one of the judges in a special commission of Oyer and 
 Terminer, for the trial of persons accused of witchcraft, at Salem. With a 
 high-minded liberality, and freedom from the bigotry and superstition of the 
 time, worthy of his immediate ancestry, he refused to serve in that com- 
 mission, from conscientious scruples. Brattle, in his account of the witch- 
 craft, says : " Maj N Saltonstall Esq, who was one of the judges, has left 
 the court, & is very much dissatisfied with the proceedings of it." His 
 bold stand was powerful for good. It opened the eyes of the masses to 
 the enormity and fearful tendency of the delusion ; — the charm was 
 broken, and the excitement soon subsided. It is no small honor to his 
 memory, and satisfaction to his descendants, that he was not carried away 
 by this dreadful fanaticism. 
 
 Mr. Saltonstall lived to a good old age, and died May 21st, 1707. He 
 left three sons, Gurdon, Pdchard, and Nathaniel. His only daughter mar- 
 ried (1st) Kev. John Dennison, and (2d) Kev. Eolland Cotton, of 
 Sandwich. 
 
 The town voted, in 1668, that one of the former Selectmen should be 
 re-elected each year; but the very next year it was " set aside for this 
 year," and in the year following, it was repealed altogether. Why this 
 obviously sensible and important rule should have been so soon abolished, 
 seems somewhat surprising. Perhaps it should be referred to their well 
 known opposition to succession in office, or, most probable, to the fact, 
 that the office of Selectman in those days, included " hard work and poor 
 pay," and it was not easy to find men willing, or even able, to accept the 
 onerous position two years in succession. 
 
 The Selectmen of this year were directed "to provide a herdsman or 
 herdsmen, and bulls, for the use of the town," Those who lived without 
 
110 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 the compass of Pond Eiver and the Great Plain" fence," were to " pay 
 6d a head for privileges of herdsmen & bull." 
 
 It was also ordered " that what papers shall be brought to the Recorder, 
 to be entered in the town book of Eecords, it shall be in his power to rec- 
 ord them, provided, that Ensign Browne, James Davis Jun, & Robert Cle- 
 ments Jr, give their assent." The Recorder was sometimes troubled, it 
 seems, by persons wanting papers recorded on the town books, which 
 properly belonged elsewhere, or wei'e not worth recording, and he fre- 
 quently drops a hint to that effect in his record. Thus, he introduces his 
 record of several deeds with the following note : — " The copy of several 
 Deeds, which to satisfy the grantees, are entered, who they are told that 
 it is no legal County Record of Deeds," 
 
 The only new names met with this year in the records, are Henry 
 Kingsbery, and John Remington. 
 
 The highway from Haverhill Ferry to Topsfield was accepted in the 
 spring of 1669, as we learn from the Ipswich Court Records. 
 
 That town offices were not much sought for in those times, may be 
 judged from the fact that the town, having chosen Thos. AVhittier con- 
 stable, voted, that he should be excused, i^rovided he presented some one 
 to take his place whom the Selectmen should declare satisfactory. 
 
 Upon a complaint made by Mr. Ward for want of wood, it was voted 
 to add ten pounds to his salary (which was fifty pounds) , and that the 
 Selectmen should annually expend it in procuring him cord-wood, at six 
 shillings per cord. 
 
 Among the votes passed at the same meeting, we find the following 
 curious one : — " The town, by a major vote, did make choice of Andrew 
 Greely, sen., to keep the ferry at Haverhill; provided that he agree and 
 will carry over the Inhabitants of the town, and the inhabitants of the 
 town of Merrimack, [Bradford] over against us, for three pence an horse, 
 and a penny a man ; and that he will carry all Ministers over free that 
 come upon visitation to us, and in particular Mr Symes ;f & that, if the 
 inhabitants of the town over against us do come over to meet with us on 
 the sabbath days, they shall have the free use of the ferry boat, or boats, 
 for the occasion, without paying anything." They also stipulated that 
 he should pay the widow of the former ferrymanj forty shillings. 
 
 ° Pond River, was the outlet to Great Pond ; and the Great Plain, was the plain east of the vilbige. 
 
 tThe person here referred to, was Rev. Zachariah Symmes, of Bradford, a man of considerable note 
 and learning, and much beloved by his own people, as well as esteemed by his neighbors across the river. 
 Mr. Symmes was educated at Cambridge, and graduated in 1657. He came to Bradford sometime pre- 
 vious to 1668, at which date he was their minister, though he was not ordained until 16S2. He remained 
 with them until his death, in 1707. 
 
 1 Mr. Simons, 
 
BISTORT OF HATERHILL. Ill 
 
 This year a new bridge was built over Little Eiver, where the present 
 Winter Street Bridge stands. The old bridge had become much out of re- 
 pair, and though it was considered that the " present sawmill owners were 
 engaged to do it," yet when the question was put to Thos. Davis, in town 
 meeting, he plainly answered, " I will not." Upon this, the meeting 
 voted to prosecute him, but the next vote declared this vote to be " nulled 
 and void." Finally, a committee was chosen to "compound the matter 
 with Davis, & to build a new bridge." The inhabitants were each obliged 
 to contribute a portion of labor toward constructing it. 
 
 From a vote passed this year, we learn that the first half of Mr. Ward's 
 yearly salary was paid by a "collection of estates," in August, and all 
 other charges and debts were paid by " a collection of estates, in Novem- 
 ber, or December, annually." Upon notice by the Selectmen, every man 
 was obliged to bring in to them an account of his estates. If any man ne- 
 glected or refused to do this, or brought in a false account, it was " in the 
 power of the Selectmen to rate such persons by will, and doom as they 
 please upon account of their defect." 
 
 The town still continued to be troubled about a corn-mill, as will be 
 seen by the following record of a special town meeting, held September 
 17, 1669: — 
 
 " This meeting being warned to take some order about a corn-mill, the 
 town being wholly destitute of any ; Andrew Greeley, =■•= in whose hands the 
 mill was, being about to carry on a mill at the East meadow river, upon 
 the motion & desire of the town, did promise to take the frame down at 
 the little river, & bring it up & raise it at the place where the former mill 
 was ; f many of the inhabitants at the same time promising to allow him 
 freely some help towards the taking the frame down& raising it again." 
 
 The powers of the Selectmen, as defined by the town the same year, 
 were as follows : — 
 
 " That the Selectmen shall carefully endeavour the strict observation of 
 all orders made by the town, and shall take all fines, if not peaceably 
 paid, by distress, which shall be due upon the breach of said order, unless 
 they shall see good ground to the contrary, & shall make return to the 
 town, at the general yearly march meeting, of what they have done in 
 this matter, & how they have disposed of the fines. 
 
 " That the Selectmen shall see to, & pay all debts due from the town in 
 their year, or just | arrears according to their discretion the fines that are 
 due to the town, or by rates in general upon the inhabitants. 
 
 • Andrew Greely was by trade a shoe-maker. He was in Haverhill in 1646 and in 1672. At the latter 
 date, he was 52 years of age. He died previous to 1712. 
 t The former mill stood on Mill Brook. t Adjust. 
 
112 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 " That the Selectmen shall timely make all rates that shall be neces- 
 sary for the defraying of the town's debts, upon the estates of the inhabi- 
 tants. 
 
 " That the Selectmen have power to call town meetings as they shall 
 see necessary, they giving timely and sufficient notice to the inhabitants, 
 according to law. 
 
 " That the Selectmen shall take special care that all those laws of the 
 country are observed & kept by the neglect whereof the town may any 
 way be liable to be fined by authority ; and also that the town be kept 
 from all charges." 
 
 The General Court for October, ordered, " that George Broune be left, 
 and James Parker ensigne, to Hauerill millitary company, vnder the con- 
 duct of Isathaniel Saltonstall, capt." '■■' 
 
 On the seventeenth of November, there was a "thanksgiving for relief 
 from droutht & lengthening out the harvest." f 
 
 The only new name we find in the Town Kccords of this year, is that 
 of Samuel Colbie. 
 
 oCol.Rec tibid. 
 
HISTORY OF IIAVEKHILL. 113 
 
 CHAPTEE IX. 
 
 1670 TO 1675. 
 
 In examining tlie records of our town for the past two hundred years, 
 one cannot fail to note the great changes that have taken place in that 
 time. Habits, customs, laws, and language, have all yielded, in a""greater 
 or less degree, to the ever active and never tiring power of — progress. 
 A striking illustration of this fact is seen in the history of our common 
 schools. 
 
 For several years previous to 1670, (viz.: from 1661) a school-master 
 had been employed to keep a school in the town, but the records, up to 
 this time, give us no hints in addition to that simple fact, except that he 
 was paid ten pounds per annum by the town for such service. But in the 
 records of the annual meeting of 1670, we find the following, which throws 
 much additional light upon the matter: — "It is ordered by a major or 
 free vote of the inhabitants, that the Selectmen shall agree with a School 
 Master for the keeping of a school in the town of Haverhill, who shall 
 allow him Ten pounds annually, to be rated upon the inhabitants proportion- 
 able to their estates according to the way of making Mr Ward's rates ; & 
 what children do come to him to be taught, the selectmen being to provide 
 a convenient place to keep the school in, shall pay to the schoolmaster ac- 
 cording as he & the parents or masters of such as come to be taught can 
 agree for, provided that he do not ask for a child or person more than is 
 usually given in other towns by the year." 
 
 From the above, we learn that the ten pounds paid by the town, was in 
 addition to the amount received by the school-master from the parents of 
 his pupils. As to the latter sum, we can find no definite account, or even 
 hint, in the records. Previous to this time, the school had been kept in 
 some private house, but the number of the scholars had now become so 
 large, it was considered necessary that a building should be erected ex- 
 pressly for the purpose, and at the same meeting the following vote was 
 passed : — 
 
 " Voted that forthwith there shall be a house erected & built as near 
 the meeting house that now is, as may be, which may be convenient for 
 the keeping of a public school in, & for the service of a watch-house, & 
 for the entertainment of such persons on the sabbath days at noon as 
 shall desire to repair thither, & shall not repair between the forenoon & 
 15 
 
114 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 afternoon exercises to their own dwellings : which house is to Tbe erected 
 upon that which is now the town's common land or reserved for public 
 use." 
 
 The town also voted that in case the contributions voluntarily offered 
 were not sufficient to erect the school-house, that they should be laid aside, 
 and the whole charge be paid by a public rate (tax) upon the inhabitants 
 The charge of the work was left to William White, Peter Ayers and 
 Nathaniel Saltonstall, Thomas Wasse was chosen to keep, the school the 
 ensuing year. A striking illustration of the financial condition of the town 
 at this period, is found in the fact that Wasse's salary for 1668 was not 
 paid until more than three years afterward. 
 
 At the same meeting, the " powers of the selectmen" were defined. The 
 following is the substance. They had power: 1. To order and appoint 
 when Mr. Ward's salary should be paid, levy rates for the same, and to 
 take them by distress if not paid otherwise. 2. To observe all orders of 
 the town, and collect all fines. 3. To pay all debts of the town, by fines 
 due, or by rates in general. 4. To make all rates necessary to defray the 
 town's debts. 5. To call town meetings at discretion. 6. To see that 
 all laws of the County were observed and kept. 7, To act in all pruden- 
 tial afi'airs of the town according to law. 8. To observe all orders of the 
 town as near as they can. 
 
 The same record informs us that Henry Palmer refused to serve as Con- 
 stable after being chosen, and "was fined according to law ! " 
 
 Our ancestors must have been early risers, as we notice that the town 
 meetings often commenced at seven o'clock, A. M., and were never adjourned 
 to a later hour than eight, A. M. 
 
 If any suppose that " talking in town meeting " has increased in these 
 latter days, we would remind them that as early as the time of which we 
 now write, it frequently took three days to transact the business at the 
 annual meetings, notwithstanding they commenced at such an early hour 
 as above mentioned. The time occupied, and the small number of votes 
 usually passed, clearly indicate that our early townsmen were not at all 
 deficient in the "gift of gab." 
 
 One of the noticable peculiarities of the Town Records about this time, 
 is, that the Recorder gives the names of those who " dissented" from any 
 vote passed by the town. It is somewhat remarkable that but very few 
 names are thus recorded : especially when we consider that so much time 
 was spent in discussions, and that nearly all town matters, large and 
 small, were acted upon directly by the inhabitants, in Town Meeting 
 assembled. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 115 
 
 About this time the town resolved that no vote should he valid that was 
 passed after sunset — an excellent regulation. 
 
 From the Court Kecords we learn, that, in 1671, a thatched house, he- 
 longing to one Matthias Button, and situated somewhere near the present 
 house of Mr. Thomas West, (one mile northeasterly from the village) was 
 burnt. The incident is worthy of mention, principally, from the fact that 
 it was a " thatched " house, and we find but few intimations in the records 
 of the time, as to the style of houses in the town. 
 
 Button was a Dutchman and seems to have been an unusually moveable 
 one. He first lived in the village, then in the western part of the town, 
 then in the eastern, and finally settled where his house was burned. Eev. 
 Thomas Cobbett say that Button came to this country in 1628, with the 
 first governor of Massachusetts. He was of Ipswich in 1639, and came 
 to Haverhill in 16-t6, from that place. He died in 1672, at a great age." 
 
 From the fact that a Committee was chosen to find if they could, one of 
 the highways which had been previously laid out by the town, we judge 
 that such laying out was not as thoroughly done as it is at present. It 
 may also be mentioned in this place, as a suggestive fact, that no record 
 is made of any work whatever done to highways, (unless we except two or 
 three bridges,) until long after the period of which we write. Their best 
 and only highways were merely paths, or tracks, ungraded, and bridgeless, 
 except here and there a rude bridge across the larger streams. 
 
 From the record of the same meeting, we make the following extract : — 
 
 " Eobert Emerson, Ephraim Davis, & John Heath Jun, desiring to take 
 the oath of fidelity to this Colony, it was administered to them by N Sal- 
 tonstal. Commissioner." 
 
 At this time, no one was allowed to vote in the nomination of magis- 
 trates, and choice of deputies, (Representatives) unless he had taken the 
 " freeman's oath," or "oath of fidelity." A man might be a freeholder 
 and not a freeman, and vise versa. He might be a voter in town afi"airp, 
 and yet neither be a freeholder nor a freeman. A freeman was one who 
 had taken the freeman's oath.f A freeholder was one who, either by grant, 
 purchase, or inheritance, was entitled to a share in all the common and 
 undivided lands. When any town officers were to be chosen, or money 
 
 «f By his wife Lettice, he had Mary, baptised February 23, 1634; and Daniel, February 22, 1635. By 
 his wife Teagle, he had six children (see appendix). He married Elizabeth Duston in 1668. Daniel, 
 probably a son of Matthias, was in Lothrop's company, and was killed at Bloody Brook battle, Sep- 
 tember 18, 1675. 
 
 t At first, (1631) only members of the church were admitted freemen • — " For time to come noe man 
 shalbe admitted to the freedome of this body polliticke, but such as are members of some of the churches 
 within the lymits of the same." — Col. Rec. 1 — 87. 
 
116 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 raised by way of rate, all tlie inhabitants could vote ; but when a magis- 
 trate was to be nominated, or Deputy to General Court chosen, only free- 
 men were allowed that privilege. 
 
 The town was yet in want of more corn mill accommodations, and as 
 those to whom had been granted the exclusive privilege of erecting such 
 mills in town, seemed, for some reason, to be unable, or disinclined, to 
 supply them, it was voted (March 7, 1671,) that "John Haseltine or any 
 other man, have free liberty to build a mill to gi*ind corn in the town of 
 Haverhill, either upon the west river- called the sawmill river, or upon 
 east meadow river.f" 
 
 At the annual meeting in 1672, the selectmen were ordered " to pro- 
 vide, at the town's cost, a place in the Meeting House, according to law, 
 to secure the town's stock of powder, & other ammunition," At this meet- 
 ing Kobert Emerson and wife brought to the town meeting the orphan 
 child of Eichard and Hannah Mercer, and desired the town to take care of 
 it, and also to pay them for nursing it above a year past. The town or- 
 dered the selectmen to provide for it, and to pay Robert Emerson what they 
 should find due him, and also to '•' address the County Court next at Salis- 
 bery to have order from them, & counsel how to dispose of the said child, 
 and maintain the same." Providing for their poor, as a town, was evi- 
 dently a new business for them at this time. This, we believe, was the first 
 case where application was made to them to support a pauper. The next, 
 was the case of Hugh Sherratt, in 1677, which we have already noticed. 
 
 At the same meeting it was voted, " that the Selectmen shall hire 
 Thomas Wasse for a school master to learn such as shall resort to him, to 
 write & read as formerly, who shall be the settled schoolmaster for the 
 town, until the Town take further order : provided that they do not allow 
 the said Thomas Wasse more than Ten pounds by the year ; he having the 
 like liberty to agree with the parents or masters of those that come to him 
 as formerly." 
 
 At the very next annual meeting, this yearly salary was, by vote, 
 " taken off, & no more to be allowed or rated for." Probably the amount 
 received from the parents of the pupils had now, in the opinion of the 
 town, become sufficient for the teacher's support, without this annual 
 appropriation. 
 
 From the Court Eecords of this year, we learn that two Indians, named 
 Simon and Samuel, were fined five pounds, " for stealing Englishmen's 
 horse." 
 
 « Little River. 
 
 t "East Meadow river," was the stream running from Peaslee's mill, nearly south, and emptying into 
 the Merrimack, at Cottle's Ferry ; passing atout one-fourth of a mile east of the East Parish Meeting 
 House. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 117 
 
 This Simon, or Symon, was one of the "Christian," or "converted" 
 Indians, many of whom lived among the settlers, worked for them, and 
 partially adopted civilized habits. Some of these demi-savages subse- 
 quently became exceedingly troublesome to the settlers, and one of the 
 worst, was this very Symon, who for several years made his home in this 
 town, and Amesbury. He is described by one of the writers of the time, 
 as " the arch villain and incendiary of all the eastward Indians " ; and he 
 seems to have been an active spirit in several of the principal attacks upon 
 the English in this vicinity. 
 
 Upon the Files of the Hampton Court for this year, (1672) we find the 
 following curious order of Court : — 
 
 " At a Courte holden at Hampton, 8th of 8th mo. This Court being 
 informed that John Littlehale of Haverhill, liveth in an house by himself 
 contrary to the law of the Country whereby hee is subject to much sin ; and 
 having had information of some of his accounts which are in no way to be 
 allow'd of but disproved and discountenanced, doe therefore order that the 
 said John doe forthwith, at farthest, within the time of six weeks next 
 after the date hereof remove himself from the said place and solitary life 
 and settle himself in some orderly family in the said towne and bee sub- 
 ject to the orderly rules of family goverment in said family (unless hee 
 remove out of the said towne within the time) and if he doe not perform 
 this order as abovesaid then this Courte doth order that the Selectmen doe 
 forthwith order and place the said John to bee in some orderly family as 
 abovesaid, which if he shall refuse to submit unto, then these are in his 
 majesties name to require the Constable of said town upon his knowledge 
 of it, or information, to apprehend the person of said John and carry him 
 to the house of correction in Hampton, there to bee kept and sett to work 
 untill hee shall be freed by order of authority ; and this order shall bee a 
 discharge and security." 
 
 This order had the desired effect. John immediately removed to " some 
 orderly family."'^ If, however, the order was intended as a hint that 
 he ought to take to himself a wife, John was not over hasty in taking the 
 hint, as he did not give up a "jolly bachelor's life " wxiW Jorty-four years 
 afterward, when he had attained the respectable age of sixty-six years. 
 He then married and became the father of two children. 
 
 At the annual meeting for 1673, the Clerk was ordered to enter " xh. the 
 book " all the previous orders and grants of the town "which stand in 
 loose papers & sheets." This vote accounts for the promiscuous manner 
 
 ° John Littlehale, son of Richard, one of the pioneer settlers of the town, was bom November 27, 1650. 
 He was the third of a family of twelve children. His mother's maiden name was Mary Lancton. 
 
118 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL, 
 
 in which the votes and grants of the town are recorded in the old book of 
 Kecords. They were many of them first written on "loose papers & 
 sheets," and when finally recorded, no regard was paid to their dates. 
 Indeed, many of them are without date, making it difficult, and in some 
 cases impossible, to assign them correctly. 
 
 At the same meeting, " John Hutchins, having built galleries" in the 
 meeting-house, was " allowed to sell seats or priveleges in the same to any 
 one" ; Eobert Swan was ordered to "pull down " a ditch he had made 
 across one of the town's highways, or be prosecuted ; and Abraham AYhit- 
 ticker, having failed to pay his rent of " sixpense a year," for a certain 
 piece of land belonging to the town, the latter took it into their own hands 
 again. Abraham had occupied the land thirteen years, and had paid 
 nothing. He must have been poor indeed, as he candidly told the town he 
 was, when called on to know if he would pay his rent. 
 
 From the Hampton records, we learn, that on the 24th of September of 
 this year, " There was a storme of raine and snow so that the ground was 
 covered with snow, & some of it continued until the 26th." 
 
 When the older towns on the Merrimack were first settled, large quanti- 
 ties of sturgeon were taken from the river, which were not only used and 
 highly valued as an article of diet, but pickled and packed in kegs for 
 transportation. Frequent allusions to this subject are made in the State 
 and County records, and in old account books. Wood, who visited America 
 in 1633, says: " Much sturgeon is taken on the banks of the Merrimack, 
 twelve, fourteen, eighteen feet long, pickled and sent to England." We 
 think that either his fish or the story must have been somewhat stretched, 
 to come up to the number of feet given ! The Massachasetts Indians 
 named the river Monomack, signifying sturgeon, of which they are said 
 to have taken large quantities annually. 
 
 We do not learn that many of these fish were ever put up in this town 
 for exportation, but in the towns below, (Newbury and Salisbury) it was 
 at one time quite an extensive business. In 1656, "a keg of sturgeon, 
 ten shillings," was among the charges for entertaining an ecclesiastical 
 council at Salisbury. In 1667, Israel Webster testified "that he earned 
 twenty two firkins «& kegs of sturgeon from William Thomas' cellar to 
 send to Boston." In 1670, Joseph Coker was licensed by the County 
 Court "to make sturgeon in order to transport." In 1680, the Court 
 licensed Thomas Eogers " to make sturgeon, provided he shall present the 
 court with a bowl of good sturgeon every Michaelmas court."'- As late 
 
 " Hist. Newbury. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 119 
 
 as 1733, and probably later, tbe business was carried on quite largely in 
 Kewbury. 
 
 While the towns below seem to bave nearly monopolized the sturgeon 
 fishery, Haverhill was for a long time largely engaged in the curing and 
 exportation of salmon and alewives. Previous to the building of dama 
 and bridges across the Men*imack, its falls were noted for their salmon 
 and its tributary streams for their alewive fisheries. 
 
 The falls of Pentuckett, (Haverhill) Paivtuchet, (Lowell) NamosJceag, 
 (Manchester) and Pennycook, (Concord) were favorite places of resort for 
 the Indians, during the fishing season, and, in consequence, became in time 
 the seat of extensive Indian settlements, the difi^erent communities, or 
 tribes, being known and distinguished by their place of settlement. 
 
 Haverhill, from its favorable situation at the head of sloop navigation, 
 and tide water, and at the first falls of the river, was not only one of the 
 earliest and latest engaged in these fisheries, but also the largest. From 
 the year 1654, when Stephen Kent was granted liberty "to place a, wear 
 in Little Eiver, to catch alewives," and 1657, when Thomas Hutchins was 
 permitted "to set a wem- in the Merrimack near the falls." until within 
 the last twenty years, its fisheries have been no small item in the trade 
 and commerce of the town. Persons aie still living who remember when 
 nice dried salmon was so plenty in town, as to be a " drug" in trade, and 
 well nigh unsaleable at the low price of four or five cents per pound ; 
 and, in the fishing season, fine fresh salmon sold for even less than the 
 price stated. It is well authenticated, that at one time it was nowise un- 
 common to stipulate in the indentures of apprentices, that they should 
 not be obliged to eat salmon oftener than six times a week ! As the 
 streams and outlets of the ponds became obstructed, and their waters 
 defiled, by dams, mills, and bridges, the supply of salmon rapidly 
 diminished, and at the present time but few are annually taken in the 
 Merrimack, while the finality of these is much inferior to those of former 
 times. 
 
 The same causes which prevented the salmon from continuing their an- 
 nual visits to the ponds and streams of the interior, to deposit their spawn, 
 also diminished the number of alewives. The latter, however, being less 
 nice in their tastes, continued to " run " somewhat later than the former. 
 It is but a few years since alewives were caught in considerable numbers 
 in Little Eiver, near the factory on Winter Street. 
 
 Next to salmon and alewives, shad should be noticed in an account of 
 our fisheries. We regret, however, that we have been unable to obtain 
 much definite information in regard to this branch of business At one 
 
120 HISTORY OF nAVERHILl. 
 
 time it was carried oh extensively, and, during the fishing season, gave 
 profitable employment to Hundreds of persons on the Merrimack. Sliad 
 were from time immemorial used by the Indians of New England to man- 
 ure their corn, and from them the first settlers learned to use it for the 
 same purpose. "WTiether they also used them as an article of diet, we 
 have no means of knowing ; but from the fact that salmon, every way 
 richer and superior, were so plentiful, and easily obtained, we are confi- 
 dent that shad were not at first considered of much account as food. Even 
 within the memory of persons now living, they have at times been caught 
 in such large numbers as to be unsaleable, except for manure. It was no 
 unusual occurrence to catch several hundreds at a single haul, even in the 
 small seines used in the last century. In the Neiv Hampshire Gazette, 
 for May 13, 1760, we find the following item, illustrative of our point : — 
 
 " Shad. — One day last week was drawn by a net at one draft Two 
 Thousand Five Hundred and odd Shad Fish out of the Eiver Merrimack 
 near Bedford in this Province. Thought remarkable by some people." 
 
 In these days, when fifty is reckoned a remarkably large " haul," even 
 with our double seines, of twenty rods in length, the above number seems 
 almost incredible. 
 
 The causes we have already enumerated, also diminished the number of 
 shad in the river, and since the erection of dams at Lowell, Lawrence, and 
 other places, this branch of our fisheries has ceased to be profitable, 
 and will doubtless soon be abandoned altogether. Bass are still caught 
 here, in their season, but not in sufficient numbers to ofi"er much induce- 
 ment to engage in the business, or to have it reckoned as a branch of our 
 industry. 
 
 The town seems to have been ever watchful and jealous of its timber. 
 The very first vote of the first recorded meeting of the town, was to pre- 
 vent its unnecessary destruction. When we remember that the town was 
 then covered with a thick and heavy growth of wood ; that an untrodden, 
 and seemingly inexhaustable wilderness stretched itself between here and 
 Canada, in which no smoke curled from the home of a white man ; it 
 seems almost unaccountably strange that they should have been so careful 
 of their timber. But so it was. No man was allowed to cut down more 
 trees than he needed to supply his house fire for the season, or to furnish 
 lumber for his own use. As "pipe staves" became an article of trade 
 and export, and a convenient means to supply a few shillings of hard 
 gnoney to the settlers, the town voted that no one should have liberty to 
 make more than "one hundred for every acre his house-lot contained," 
 under the severe penalty of five shillings for every tree he felled more than 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 121 
 
 was required to make his proportion. Tte exportation of lumber was also 
 forbidden. It seems, however, that notwithstanding the severe penalties 
 attached, these regulations were sometimes violated, and finally, the thing 
 was done so openly, and extensively, that a town meeting was called (Jan. 
 1, 1674), to consider the matter- The whole time of the meeting was oc- 
 cupied in a consideration of this one subject, and it was finally voted 
 unanimously, that timber for staves, heading, ship timber, or frames of 
 houses, should not be transported out of town, or even " brought to water 
 side." At the ensuing March meeting, a surveyor of boards, and a culler 
 of staves, were chosen for the first time. James Pecker was chosen to 
 the first, and Eobert Clement to the latter oifice. 
 
 We have before noticed that the town seemed particularly desirous of 
 securing the settlement of mechanics among them. That the cases men- 
 tioned were not merely instances of strong personal friendship or influence, 
 is evident from the general tenor of the record. Mechanics were needed 
 to assist in developing the natural resources of the town, and as their 
 presence and labor would add to the general comfort and prosperity, the 
 town did not hesitate to ofi'er to all such as seemed worthy, every possible 
 inducement to settle among them. 
 
 At the meeting last mentioned, (March, 1674,) John Keyzar of Salem, 
 was granted a piece of land, with privileges on the common, &c., if he 
 would come " and set up his trade of tanner." He did so, and in 1682 
 the town confirmed the grant to him and his heirs forever. 
 
 That the duties of the Selectmen were not only manifold, but their pay 
 not at all extravagant, may be judged from the fact that, among other 
 things, they were " to have some one to sweep the meeting house duly, 
 decently and orderly," and that their annual pay for all their services, 
 was the sum of fifty shillings, which was to be distributed among them, 
 " to each man according tg his services." 
 
 The subject of the town bounds, which had been permitted to rest quiet- 
 ly for a few years following the running of the line in 1667, as we have 
 already noted, was again brought up in 1674, by a request from the Se- 
 lectmen of Haverhill, that the bounds might be " perfected." 
 
 A reference to the report of John Parker to the General Court, under 
 date of 1667, will show that at that time the line north from the point 
 due west of the meeting house was started, but left unfinished. After 
 waiting nearly seven years, and finding that the work was not likely to be 
 " perfected " without an eflfort on their part, the town directed the Select- 
 men to attend to the matter at once. The Selectmen thereupon employed 
 16 
 
122 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 Jonathan Danforth, a somewhat distinguished surveyor, to finish the work 
 begun in 1667. He did so, and at the May session of the General Court 
 in 1675, presented the following report: 
 
 " Att the request of the Selectmen of Hauerill, the bounds of the sajd 
 toune were perfected as followeth : From Hoults Eocks wee ran due north 
 west, according to the compasse, not allowing any variations, allowing 
 Amesbury their full and just bounds, as hath binn determined by the 
 honoured Generall Court ; all the other Ijnes on the west side of the plan- 
 tation wee ran from Men-emacke Eiuer due north, vntill it cut with the 
 first Ijne, where wee erected a great pillar of stones; this last Ijnewas sett 
 out and begun to run, by Ensigne Noyes and Sarjant Jno. Parker, at eight 
 miles distance from Hauerill meetting house, vpon a due west Ijne, which 
 is according to the grant of the Generall Court ; the running Ijnes on 
 both sides of the plantation were well bounded by markt trees, & heapes 
 of stones. Lajed out 
 
 By Jonathan Danforth, Survejer." 
 
 The Court approved" of the return, and thus, to use the language of the 
 selectmen, " perfected " the bounds of the town, according to its order 
 of 1667. 
 
 As proof that the early inhabitants of the town were " subject to frailty 
 and error," we cite the following, from the records of the County Court : — 
 
 " Nathaniel Emerson was admonished by the Court for being in com- 
 pany with Peter Cross, and others, at Jonas Gregory's, and drinking of 
 stolen wine."=-= 
 
 " Eobert Swan was fined 20s for being drunk and cursing. "f 
 
 " Michael Emerson was fined 5s for his cruel and excessive beating of 
 his daughter with a flayle swingel, and kicking of her."| AVe think 
 Michael had reason to congratulate himself on getting off so easily for his 
 brutal conduct. 
 
 Two daughters of Hanniel Bosworth were fined ten shillings each for 
 wearing silk.§ This was contrary to the law, for persons in their station 
 of life. " Bravery in dress " was strictly forbidden. 
 
 Hannah Button was sentenced by the Court to be whipped, or pay a 
 fine of forty shillings, for misdemeanors. 
 
 Daniel Ela was made an example of, for swearing, in the amount of ten 
 shillings ; and two shillings were added for his " reviling speeches." We 
 may charitably suppose that Daniel was by this not only convinced of the 
 wickedness, but of the expensiveness of such conduct, and became a wiser 
 and better man. 
 
 « 1673. t 1674. I Ibid. § 1675. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 123 
 
 CHAPTEE X. 
 
 INDIAN TROUBLES. FROM 1675 TO 1678. 
 
 In the preceding chapters, we have followed the early settlers of our 
 town, year by year, through their first third of a century, — the lifetime 
 of a generation, — and, except the privations and hardships incident to all 
 new settlements at that early period, we find their history one of continued 
 peace and prosperity. They had increased in population and wealth from 
 a small pioneer company of twelve men, until their town ranked as the 
 twenty-fifth of the forty-nine towns in the Colony. They were, as far as 
 we can judge, a happy, prosperous, and peaceful community. Their reli- 
 gious teacher was a man distinguished for his upright Christian character, 
 and, influenced by his example, his people prided themselves on the purity 
 of their moral conduct, and the extreme exactness of their religious devo- 
 tions. We have no hesitation in saying that there was no settlement 
 in the Colony, containing a less number of idle and vicious persons, in 
 proportion to the population, than Haverhill. The small number of 
 prosecutions for immoral conduct, to be found on the Court Files, attest 
 the truth of our declaration. Would that the record of the succeeding 
 third of a century were equally pleasant to contemplate; that the peaceful, 
 happy homes of Pentucket, were, for another generation, to rest undis- 
 turbed and prosperous. But it is otherwise. 
 
 The year 1675, is memorable for a war with the Indians, called King 
 Phillip's War, which was the most general and destructive ever sustained 
 by the infant colonies. Phillip, king of the Wampanoags, resided at 
 Mount Hope, in Pthode Island,' and was the grandson and successor of 
 Massasoit, with whom the Plymouth colonists had made a treaty fifty 
 years before. For a long time he had been jealous of the whites, and had 
 used every effort to induce all the Indian tribes to unite and exterminate 
 them, and thus preserve their hunting gi-ounds and their independence. 
 The immediate cause of the war, was the execution of three Indians by the 
 English for the murder of one Sausaman, a Christian Indian, who had 
 informed the whites of the plot Phillip was forming against them. Hav- 
 ing incited them to the murder, Phillip determined to avenge their deaths, 
 and commenced hostilities, and by his influence drew into the war most of 
 the tribes of New England. Through their intercourse with the whites, the 
 Indians had acquired the use of fire-arms, and notwithstanding the strin- 
 
124 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 gent laws against selling or giving them guns or ammunition, they had by 
 various means obtained possession of enough to do terrible execution in 
 the war which now burst upon the colonists. 
 
 Early in the year 1675, the inhabitants of Haverhill began to think 
 seriously of taking measures to defend themselves from the Indians. Some 
 years previous, a fortification was built around the meeting-house, but the 
 peaceable appearance of the Indians, and the free intercourse that existed 
 between them and the whites, had lulled all suspicion of danger, and the 
 works were suffered to fall into decay. But now the Indians began to 
 show symptoms of hostility, and the whole town became alarmed. A meet- 
 ing was called, February 1 9th, to concert measures to prevent the threatened 
 danger, and it was voted that " the Selectmen shall forthwith cause the 
 fortifications (around the Meeting-house) to be finished, to make port 
 holes in the walls, to right up those places that are defective and likely to 
 fall, and to make a flanker at the east corner, that the work, in case of 
 need, may be made use of against the common enemy." At the same time, 
 Daniel Ladd, Peter Ayer, and Thomas Whittier, were appointed to desig- 
 nate what houses should be garrisoned ; and the " old brush and top wood" 
 on the common, was ordered to be burnt. 
 
 In view of the impending peril, the General Court took active measures 
 to protect the frontier settlements, by furnishing the troopers and militia 
 with fire-arms and ammunition, and ordering the several towns to provide 
 fortifications and garrisons, without delay. 
 
 These precauti )ns were scarcely completed when the storm burst upon 
 them with remorseless fury. Early in the following spring, (March 19, 
 1676,) the town was startled by the intelligence that the Indians were 
 crossing the Merrimack from Wamesit (Lowell) . Couriers were at once 
 dispatched from Haverhill and Andover, to Ipswich, for aid. Major Den- 
 nison, of Ipswich, from whose letter of fhe above date we gather these 
 particulars, writes to the Governor, that there was a great alarm in those 
 towns, and he was sending up sixty men.=--= The rumor proved unfounded, 
 but the hostile intentions of the Indians were not to be mistaken, and fear 
 seized upon the people of the exposed settlements. 
 
 The town of Andover was the first to suffer. In a letter to the Gover- 
 nor,! (A.pi'il 7,) imploring for help, they inform him that their town had 
 been twice attacked, and the inhabitants had begun to move away. 
 
 Haverhill was not long permitted to escape the murderous tomahawk. 
 On the 2d of May, one of its own people, Ephraim Kingsbury, was killed 
 by the Indians. He is believed to have been the first person slain in this 
 
 « State Archives. t Ibid. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 125 
 
 town by the savages, but the incidents connected with his death have been 
 lost. The next day, (May 3d,) the house of Thomas Kimball, of Brad- 
 ford, was attacked, and he was killed ; and his wife and five children, — 
 Joanna, Thomas, Joseph, Priscilla, and John, — taken captive--. Phillip 
 Eastman, f of Haverhill, was captured at the same time. J 
 
 This outrage was committed by three well known " converted Indians," 
 named Symon,^ Andretv, and Peter.\\ There is a tradition, that they set 
 out with the intention of killing some one in Eowley, whom they supposed 
 had injured them, but finding the night too far spent, they did not dare 
 proceed further, and so avenged themeelves on Mr. Kimball. It is quite 
 probable that Symon intended to wreak his vengeance on some one who 
 was concerned in securing his punishment for the theft before mentioned. 
 He was a cruel and blood-thirsty villain, as the following facts will abun- 
 dantly show. 
 
 Soon after her return from captivity, Mrs. Kimball addressed the fol- 
 lowing petition to the Governor and Council : 
 " To the Hon. Governor and Councell. 
 
 The humble petition of Mary Kimball sheweth that Simon, the Indian 
 who killed my husband, Thomas Kimball, hath threatened to kill me and 
 my children if ever I goe to my own house, so that I dare not goe to looke 
 after what little I have there left, for fear of my life being taken away by 
 him ; and therefore, doe humbly entreate the Hon. Governor and Councell 
 that some course may be taken, as God shall direct, and your wisdoms 
 shall think best, to secure him ; for I am in continual fear of my life by 
 him ; and if any course may be taken for the recovery of what is yet left 
 in their hands of my goods that they have not destroyed, (as there was 
 two kittells and two or three baggs of linnen when I came from them) 
 that I might have it restored, leaving myself and my concernes under God, 
 to your wisdoms. Piemaine your humble suppliant. Mary Kimball." 
 
 ^ The house in which Mr. Kimball lived, stood on the road leading to Boxford. The cellar was plainly 
 to be seen a few years ago. Thiough, as it is said, the influence of Waimalancet, the chief of the Pen- 
 naeooks, who was ever the friend of the English, Mrs. Kimball and her children were afterward set at 
 liberty, " though she and her sucking child were twice condemned by the Indians, and the fi'-es ready 
 made to burn them,"(l) 
 
 t Phillip Eastman married Widow Mary Morse, August 22, 1678. Children, Hannah, born November 
 5, 1079 ; Ebenezer, born February 17, 1681 ; Phillip, born August 18, 1684 ; Abigail, born May 28, 1689. 
 
 t Kev. Mr. Cobbett. 
 
 § This Symon, or Simon, was the Indian whose horse-stealing exploit we mentioned in the preceding 
 chapter. 
 
 II John Littlehale. of this to^vn, was killed by the Indians September 18, 1675. The particulars of his 
 death are now lost. 
 
 (1) Rev. T. Cobbett's Ms., (Ipswich). 
 
126 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL, 
 
 Symon, and his two associates, soon after concluded to make peace with 
 the English, who, instead of improving the opportunity to secure their 
 friendship, seized Symon and Andrew, and confined them in the jail at 
 Dover. They soon, however, found means to escape, joined their friends, 
 and entered upon the work of vengeance in earnest. 
 
 About the first depredation which followed their flight from Dover, was 
 committed at Greenland, where they killed one John Kenniston, and burned 
 his house. Symon was with the celebrated Mogg, in his assault upon 
 Scarborough, October 12th, 1676 ; was the leader of the paxty which made 
 prisoners of Anthony Brackett, and his family, at Back Cove (near Port- 
 land) , August 9th, of the same year ; and was the alledged leader of the 
 party which killed several persons in Amesbury, July 7, 1677. A woman 
 named Quimby, who was wounded at the time, recognized him, and begged 
 him to spare her life. He replied, " why, goodwife Quimby, do you think 
 that I will kill you ? " She said she was afraid he would, because he 
 killed all the English. Symon then said, " I will give quarter to never 
 an English dog of you all," and immediately gave her a blow on the head, 
 which not happening to hurt her much, she threw a stone at him, 
 upon which he turned upon her, and " struck her two more blows," at 
 which she fell, and he left her for dead. Before he gave her the last blows, 
 she called to the garrison for help. He told her she need not do that, for, 
 said he, "I will have that too, by and by." Symon was well known to 
 many of the inhabitants, and especially to Mrs. Quimby, as he had for- 
 merly lived with her father, William Osgood. '■■•= 
 
 In April, of the same year, Symon and his companions burnt the house 
 of Edward Weymouth, at Sturgeon Creek, and plundered the house of one 
 Crawley, but did not kill him, because he had shown kindness to Symon's 
 grandmother.! Hubbard, (History New England) relates the incident as 
 follows : — " Symon and Andrew, the two brethren in iniquity, with a few 
 more, adventured to come over Piscataquo Eiver, on Portsmouth side, when 
 they burnt one house within four or five miles of the town, and took a 
 maid and a young woman captive ; one of them having a young child in 
 her arms, with which not willing to be troubled, they gave leave to her 
 that held it, to leave it with an old woman, whom the Indian Symon 
 spared because he said she had been kind to his grandmother." The cap- 
 tives subsequently escaped, and revealed the names of their captors, who, 
 for the reasons before given, had not been " so narrowly looked to as they 
 used to do others." 
 
 ® Ms. Docnments. t Belknap. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 127 
 
 The war soon became general. The first considerable attack made by 
 the Indians, was upon the people of Swanzey, June 24th, as they were 
 returning from public worship ;=■' eight or nine persons were killed. Brook- 
 field was next attacked, and every house burnt but one. During the 
 month of September, Hadley, Deerfield, and ISiorthfield, were attacked; 
 many persons were killed, and many buildings consumed. Encouraged 
 by this success, they soon after burnt thirty-two houses at Springfield, and 
 the inhabitants narrowly escaped a general massacre. They also laid the 
 town of Mendon in ashes ; and, on the 10th of the following February, 
 plundered the town of Lancaster, burnt several houses, and killed and 
 captured forty-two persons. Soon after, they did great mischief in Marl- 
 borough, Sudbury and Chelmsford ; and, on the 21st of February, two or 
 three hundred Indians surprised Medfield, burnt half the town, and killed 
 twenty of the inhabitants. Four days after, they burnt seven or eight 
 houses in Weymouth. Early in March, they burnt the whole settlement of 
 Groton ; and in the same month, they burnt five houses, and killed five 
 persons in Northampton, surprised part of Plymouth, and murdered two 
 families, laid the town of Warwick in ashes, and burnt forty houses in 
 Eehoboth, and thirty in Providence. 
 
 On the other hand, large numbers of Indians were destroyed by the 
 colonists. In 1675, when Phillip and his army retreated into the Narra- 
 ganset country, the English pursued, attacked and destroyed their fort, 
 and killed seven hundred of their warriors. Besides these, there were 
 three hundred who died of their wounds, and a large number of old men, 
 women, and children, who had repaired to the fort for refuge. 
 
 In 1676, the afi"airs of the colonists wore a less gloomy aspect. In May 
 and June, the Indians appeared in various parts of the country, but their 
 energy had abated. About the same time, a war broke out between Phil- 
 lip and the Mohawks, (whom the former had vainly endeavored to enlist 
 against the English) which deranged all his measures. On the 1 2th of 
 August, 1676, the finishing blow was given to the Indian power, by the 
 death of King Phillip. The subsequent winter, the severity of the season, 
 and the scarcity of their provisions, reduced them to the necessity of 
 sueing for peace. By the mediation of Major Waldron, of Dover, to whom 
 they applied, a peace was concluded with the whole body of eastern 
 Indians, which continued till the next August. In this war, the English 
 lost six hundred men, twelve or thirteen towns were destroyed, and six 
 hundred dwelling houses consumed. 
 
 ® The day had been set apart by the Plymouth colonists as a day of fasting and prayer, on account of 
 the impending danger. The 29th of the same month was also so observed in the Massachusetts 
 Bay colony. 
 
128 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 From fhe Journal of Captain John Hull, Treasurer of the Colony, under 
 date of August 24, 1676, we copy the following list of soldiers from this 
 town, and the sum paid to each. 
 
 " Haverell Towne Cr By Sundry Accpts. Viz 24.16.08 
 
 Samuel Huchins pd as p Assignment No 4315 00.15.06 
 
 Nathaniel Haseltine ditto No 01.00.06 
 
 Samuel Aires dit 00.08.06 
 
 John Keisar dit 00.08.06 
 
 John Clements dit 00.08.06 
 
 Amos Singletons dit '. . . .00.05.00 
 
 Nathaniel Lad dit 00.05.00 
 
 Daniel Lad 00.05.00 
 
 George Brown dit 00.13.00 
 
 John Johnson dit 00.02.06 
 
 Phillip Esman dit 00.15.04 
 
 Benjamin Singleterry dit 00.15.04 
 
 Thomas Durston dit 00.17.10 
 
 Thomas Eastman dit 01.04.00 
 
 Thomas Hartshorn dit 00.12.00 
 
 Richard Allin dit 01.17.03 
 
 Eobert Swan dit 01.17.06 
 
 Henry Kemball dit 01.06.10 
 
 Benjamin Grealy dit 01.00.06 
 
 Jonathan Hcnrick dit 00.15.04 
 
 John Corly dit 00.15.04 
 
 John Eoby dit 00.08.06 
 
 Samuel Ladd dit 03.17.00 
 
 Thomas Kinsbury dit 01.12.04 
 
 Eobert Swan dit 01.04.00 
 
 John Haseltine dit 01.04.00 
 
 Samuel Watts dit 00.13.06 
 
 Joseph Bond dit 00.13.06 
 
 The following extract from the colonial records, presents a vivid picture 
 of the anxiety and distress among the people of Massachusetts, on ac- 
 count of the bold and daring determination of Phillip and his allies to 
 extirpate the English. The proposition to erect a fortification of such 
 magnitude, shows the desperation to which they were reduced, and the 
 dangers to which they were exposed : — 
 
 " Att a court held in Boston March 23d 1676. Whereas several con- 
 siderable persons have made application to us and proposed it as a necessary 
 expedient for the public welfare and particularly for the security of the 
 whole county of Essex and part of Middlesex from inroads of the common 
 enemy, that a line or fence of stockades or stones (as the matter best 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL, 129 
 
 suitetli) be made about eight feet high extending from Charles Eiver where 
 it is navigable unto Concord river from George Farley's house, in Bil- 
 lerica, which fence this council is informed is not in length above tAvelve 
 miles, a good part whereof is already done by large ponds that will con- 
 veniently fall into the line and so forth, and so forth, by which means the . 
 whole tract will be environed for the security and safety (under God) of 
 the people, their houses, goods and cattel from the rage and fury of the 
 enemy." '' " ^ ^ 
 
 The court thereupon ordered one able and fit man from each of the in- 
 cluded towns, to meet at Cambridge on March 31st, to survey the ground, 
 estimate the expense, &c., and report in writing how it might be prosecuted 
 and eflfected, and what each town should pay, &c. Nearly all the towns 
 made a report. 
 
 The peace proved to be of short duration. On the 12th of the following 
 July, Eichard Saltonstall of this town, and others of Bradford, and Ando- 
 ver, petitioned the General Court for " more provision for protection on 
 account of present appearance and warning of danger." In reply, the 
 Court ordered one-fifth of the men to be kept continually on scout, taking 
 turns, so that all should bear their part ! 
 
 Hostilities commenced soon after, and were continued the remainder of 
 that year, and also during the following year ; in which period the Indians 
 ravaged the country, and greatly reduced the eastern settlements. 
 
 In the spring of 1678, commissioners were appointed to settle a formal 
 treaty of peace with the Indian chiefs, — which was done at Casco. Thus 
 an end was finally put to a tedious and distressing war. 
 
 Fortunately for our town, it was not attacked during this war, though 
 the inhabitants lived in continual expectation of one, and the most active 
 and vigorous measures were adopted for defence. Houses were garri- 
 soned, and armed scouts were kept on the watch for the enemy night and 
 day, during the whole time." At this distant day, we can have but a 
 faint idea of the anxieties and hardships, the flickering hopes and gloomy 
 fears, of those long and dreary three years of Indian warfare. 
 
 After the ratification of peace, commerce began again to flourish, and 
 the population of the country rapidly increased. New towns were settled, 
 and the colonists, no longer in daily and hourly fear of being startled by 
 the war-whooj) of the merciless savage, once more rested in present 
 security. 
 
 * As late as 1684, thirty-five troopers were kept constantly on the scout, on the borders of Haverhill, 
 Amesbury, and Salisbury; and a foot company was kept in readiness for service, in each of those towns. 
 
 17 
 
130 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 CHAPTER XI. 
 
 1675 TO 1688. 
 
 During the period included in the preceding chapter, the inhabitants of 
 this town were so constantly engaged in proyiding and sustaining means 
 of defence, that we find but little to record except matters in some way 
 relating to the Indian troubles. 
 
 In 1675, the time of holding the annual town meetings was changed 
 from the first Tuesday in March, to the last Tuesday in February. 
 
 In October, the General Court assessed a tax of £1,553, 5s, 4d, on the 
 towns in the Colony, to defray the expenses of the war with the Indians. 
 The proportion of Haverhill was fixed at £18. Even this sum was not 
 easily raised, and a town meeting was called, November 18th, "to allow 
 the inhabitants to make staves enough to pay the 8 rates required by the 
 country, so as to save bread coin which men cannot well live without." 
 
 At the same meeting, Michael Emerson was chosen " to view and seal 
 all leather " in the town. This is the first mention of such an ofiicer, and 
 Emerson was doubtless the first one so appointed. In 1677, Emerson 
 " complained," and Andrew Greeley was "joined with him." We are 
 not informed of what the former complained, but from the fact that an 
 additional viewer and sealer was chosen, as a remedy for his complaint, 
 we are led to suppose that the labors of the office were either too great or 
 too troublesome for a single officer. As it was something new for the tan- 
 ners in town to have some one specially authorized, and required, to view 
 and seal their leather, it is quite probable that Emerson found his business 
 anything but pleasant, and hence the popular ancient and modern remedy 
 adopted, — division of responsibility. 
 
 At the meeting of February 27, 1676, William Thompson asked to be 
 " accepted a Towns-man, to dwell here and follow his trade of shoe-mak- 
 ing," but, for some unexplained reason, the town refused. The Eecorder 
 says, " the town by a clear and full vote do hereby reject his motion, not 
 granting any such liberty or acceptance of him." 
 
 At the next annual meeting, another shoemaker made a similar applica- 
 tion, which met with even a worse fate than that of Thompson, as will be 
 seen by the following, from the Records of the town : — 
 
 " Fetter Patie making a motion to the town to grant him a piece of land 
 to settle upon, it not being till then known to the town that he was a mar - 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 131 
 
 riedmanifea stranger, having hitherto accounted of Mm as a journey-man 
 shoe-maker, his motion according to law was rejected. And the Moderator 
 declared to him before the public assembly that the town doth not own 
 him, or allow of him for an inhabitant of Haverhill, & that it was the 
 duty of the Grand-jury men to look after him." 
 
 Pattee's (or Pettee's) proposal to become an inhabitant of the town, 
 seems to have been lightly esteemed. But he was not so easily shaken off ; 
 and, in spite of his cool reception, he continued to reside here until his 
 death. In 1680, he was " presented" to the Court, "for being absent 
 from his wife several years, and in the following year, he was presented 
 for having another wife in Virginia. =•' In 1694, he was chosen constable 
 by a "pleantiful, clear, and legal paper vote." As late as 1710, he was 
 the regular ferryman at " Pattee's ferry." 
 
 aSTotwithstanding the unfavorable reception of Thompson and Pattee's 
 applications for permission to establish themselves in town as shoemakers, 
 others were soon found courageous enough to make a similar application. 
 At the annual meeting in 1679, — " upon the request of Benjamin Webs- 
 ter and Samuel Parker, two young men and shooemakers, that the towne 
 would give them libertie to live in this towne to follow the trade, having 
 hired a house to that end ; the towne by their vote doe grant their motion, 
 and accept of them so as to live in towne and follow the trade of shooe- 
 making." 
 
 MiricJc expresses the opinion, that Webster and Parker were the first 
 who had served a regular apprenticeship at the trade, and established 
 themselves in this town, but a reference to the record in the case of Pattee 
 and the fact that he then, and for years afterward, lived in town, and was 
 a "journey-man shoemaker," is sufiicient to establish his claim to the 
 honor over the first-named. We think it nowise improbable, that Thomp- 
 son, although he was refused permission to become a " towns-man," yet 
 resided here, and worked at his trade of shoemaking. The vote of the 
 town would not prevent this, as we have seen that it did not in the case of 
 Pattee. 
 
 In 1677, Daniel Ela was licensed to keep an ordinary for one year; 
 but the small pox breaking out in his family, he was unable to sell his 
 liquors, and he petitioned the Court, at the fall term, to extend his license. 
 
 ° We find in the Towti Records, under date of November 8, 1682, the marriage of Peter Palre to Sarah 
 Gile, and following are the names of eight children : Moses, Benjamin, Jeremiah, Samuel, Hannah, 
 Mercy, Jemima, and Benjamin, born between July 28, 1683, and May 15, 1696. We presume that thia 
 was the same person alluded to above. 
 
132 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 The Court gave him liberty to sell " wine, liquore, Beere, Cjder, and pro- 
 visions to horse and man, or travilers in Haverhill."" 
 
 It is evident, from an examination of the Eecords, that the town con- 
 tinued to be in want of more extensive mill accommodations — both for 
 corn and lumber. We have already noticed the conditions upon which 
 various parties had been aljowed to build, and the important privileges 
 granted to them upon fulfilment of such conditions. But it seems that the 
 mill owners did not always come up to their part of the contract, and this 
 led to bitter and frequent complaints and disappointments on the part of 
 the inhabitants. Their town was gi'owiug steadily, and, for the times, 
 rapidly, and it was important that its growth should not be retarded, 
 and the good temper of the inhabitants rufiled, by reason of insufficient 
 mill accommodations. 
 
 In 1675, the town voted to prosecute the owners of the sawmill, for 
 non-fulfilment of their agreement. We do not find that this course amended 
 matters much, and they doubtless began to consider the propriety of favor- 
 ing the establishment of mills in diflferent parts of the town. They had 
 already taken a step in this direction, by granting permission for a second 
 corn-mill in town, a few years previously, and in 1678, the town unani- 
 mously "voted that Kichard Bartlett, of Almsbury be granted the privi- 
 lege to set a sawmill in Haverhill, on the north meadow river." Bartlett 
 lived near the Haverhill line, and we presume that his mill was built on 
 or near the site of what are now known as Peaslee's 3Iills. The conditions 
 of the privilege were, that Bartlett should pay the regular rates (that is, 
 taxes,) ; that he should " deliver at our meeting house lOOQ merchantable 
 per year; " should sell to the Haverhill people at three shillings per hun- 
 dred ; and should secure the town from any damages recovered by the 
 present saw-mill owners in consequence of the new mill, and from all 
 damage to meadows. 
 
 Five years afterward, the town voted to allow Joseph Kingsbery, Sam- 
 uel Hutchins, Eobert Swan, jun., and Josiah Gage, to build a saw-mill on 
 Merrie's Creek, below the bridge. In this case, the town expressly re- 
 served to itself the right to allow others the same privilege on the same 
 stream, which was certainly a long step toward the final abolishment of all 
 monopoly in mill privileges. 
 
 At the same meeting (1683) the subject of com mill accommodations 
 came up again for consideration, as we learn from the following record : — 
 
 o "Prom an old account book I leam that this year turnips & apples were a shilling a bushel; a day's 
 mowing two shillings and two pence ; men's wages for a year ten pounds ; women's wages from four to 
 five pounds; board four shillings per week, and labor two shillings per day." — Coffin. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 133 
 
 "The town being sensible of tbeir great suffering for want of another 
 mill to grind their corn ; this mill of Andrew Grelee's not being able to 
 supply them or to grind their corn as it ought to be done, did send to An- 
 drew Grrelee to treat with him, & proposed to him the building of another ; 
 Who then did refuse to accept of the proposition, & declared before the 
 town that he knew there was a necessity for the town to have another 
 cornmill, & that he was not at all against their having of one set up, pro- 
 vided it be set upon any other brook or stream, & not upon that brook 
 which his mill stands upon." 
 
 Upon this, Stephen Dalton "propounded for liberty to build a corn- 
 mill," which request was granted. 
 
 That it is no modern notion, to find fault with, and be suspicious of the 
 integrity of town officers, is manifest from the town's voting, as long ago 
 as 1679, to choose a committee to look after the accounts, &c., of the 
 Selectmen for the preceding year. Their confidence had somehow become 
 so much weakened, that they even voted that a similar committee should 
 be chosen every year in future. 
 
 In the early part of 1680, Haverhill was set back into Essex county. 
 The following is the order of the General Court, making the change : — 
 
 " At a General Court held in Boston the 4th day of Feb 1679-80. 
 
 This Court being sensible of the great inconvenience & charge that it 
 will be to Salisbury, Haverhill, & Almsbury, to continue their County 
 Court, now some of the Towns of Norfolk are taken off, & considering that 
 those towns did formerly belong to Essex, & attended at Essex Court, Do 
 order that those Towns that are left be again joined to Essex, & attend 
 public business at Essex Courts, there to implead & be impleaded as occa- 
 sion shall be : Their records of lands being still to be kept in some one 
 of their own Towns on the North of Merrimack. ••■= And all persons accord- 
 ing to course are to attend in Essex County. 
 
 By the Court. Edw : Eawson Secrety." 
 
 From the records of the General Court, we learn that twenty-two towns, 
 and among them Haverhill, had not yet paid the amount they subscribed 
 for Harvard College. The Court ordered the selectmen of the delinquent 
 towns to enquire into the matter, and report, under a penalty of twenty 
 pounds. As we hear nothing further from it, we presume the subscription 
 was soon after paid, ' 
 
 In the spring of this year, (March 24, 1680,) Mrs. Ward, the wife of 
 the minister, died. From the testimony her husband bears to her charac- 
 
 • The records referred to in the above order, were subsequently deposited in the archives of the County, 
 at Salem, where they still remain. 
 
134 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 ter, we learn that she was a woman of most exemplary life, and shining 
 virtues, — a fit companion for the religious teacher of an early New England 
 settlement. Her death was a severe blow to her surviving husband. She 
 had been his constant, loving, and beloved companion, by night and by 
 day, for nearly forty years. For more than a third of a century — the 
 life-time of a generation — she had shared his joys and his sorrows, his 
 hopes and his fears ; had comforted and cheered him when sad, gently 
 chided him when ei'ring, and had yielded him the full measure of that 
 choicest and most precious of all the treasures of this life, — a woman's 
 love and devotion. And now, seared and decrepit with age, with the 
 blossoms of almost fore-score winters upon his head, the veteran minister 
 found himself approaching the land of shadows alone. No wonder is it 
 that the old man's heart sunk within him ; that his step grew unsteady, 
 his voice tremulous, and his eye dim ; when the full sense of his loss and 
 his loneliness revealed itself to him. A few months afterward, we find 
 the following record : — 
 
 " At a Town meeting Dec 22. 1680, held after Lecture,'* Nathl Salton- 
 stall, Lieut Browne, Tho Whittier, Wm White, & Danl Ela, were chosen 
 a committee to " look out for to agree with, & obtain forthwith, & pro- 
 cure upon the best terms they can get, some meet & able person to be a 
 present help & assistant to Mr Ward, our minister, now in his old age, in 
 the work of the ministy in preaching." 
 
 The record tells us that this was done " by the advice of our present 
 minister." The meeting was held " after the Lecture." Suggestive 
 theme! Who shall paint the picture presented to the eye at that "lec- 
 ture ; " the humble, unpainted, unsteepled, uncushioned, organless, pic- 
 tureless little church ; the assembled congregation ; and the white-haired 
 minister ? All the members of his little flock were there ; — children, youth, 
 middle-aged and old. For many, many years, he had watched over, instruct- 
 ed, prayed for, and exhorted them ; had gone in and out among them at all 
 times and seasons ; his benevolent smile, and sympathising voice, had been 
 their comfort and solace in sickness and sorrow ; and his presence and 
 counsel had smoothed the pathway of the departed to the tomb, and miti- 
 gated the pangs of afiiictive bereavement to the living. But his work was 
 now almost completed ; his sands of life were fast running out ; his strong- 
 est earthly prop had been taken away ; he was no longer able to labor 
 
 <> Felt says, that "Lecture Day" was Thursday, when the services commenced at 11 A. M. They were 
 superceded about 1753, by monthly lectures. Evening lectures were first held about 17-tO. From an early 
 date, Friday seems to have been the Lecture Day in this town. Dr. Hezekiah Smith is said to have 
 been the first one who held evening meetings in the town. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 135 
 
 with tliem and for them as in times past ; and, with trembling voice and 
 tearful eye, he asks them to seek out another minister, while yet his little 
 strength I'emained. 
 
 The committee chosen, were also instructed to " look out a place for a 
 convenient situation for a minister," and "to agree with anyone upon 
 purchase or exchange of land, or if they meet not with a bargain to their 
 mind, then to set out such of the town's common land as they shall judge 
 most convenient for a place for the ministry." 
 
 At a meeting June 24, 1681, the committee reported that not finding 
 any suitable place upon purchase or exchange, John Haseltine senior had 
 " given two acres to the town for the perpetual use of the ministry," and 
 they had laid out a piece adjoining it for the same purpose. Their doings 
 were approved, and the land granted for that purpose "forever." This 
 land was situated north of the present Winter Street, and between Little 
 Eiver and the Common. 
 
 The committee, at the same time, reported that they had not been able 
 to get a new minister, and thereupon a new committee was chosen in their 
 place, with instructions to do so, " they taking the advice of Mr. Ward, 
 our present aged minister." Josiah Gage was agreed with, to build a 
 house for the new minister. 
 
 At the same meeting, a gallery was ordered to be immediately erected 
 in the east end of the meeting-house, for "the accommodation of the 
 women." 
 
 We have already noticed that, in 1673, the annual salary of the school- 
 master was discontinued. The records for several years succeeding that 
 date are silent in regard to a school in town, and the first and only infor- 
 mation we have been able to find relating to the subject at this period, is 
 the following, in the records of the Ipswich Court, for March, 1681 : — 
 
 " The Court having called the presentment of Hauerill for not having a 
 school-master, according to Law, in their Toune, & finding that there is 
 some prouision made for the present, for teaching of children, they are re- 
 leased upon that presentment, but the court judging that what is now 
 done and provided by them doth not answer the law, nor is convienient to 
 be rested in, doe order that the town before the next court at Ipswich pro- 
 vide an able and meet schoolmaster that may constantly attend that service, 
 as is usual in such cases, and that the scoole be kept neare the centre of 
 the Toune." 
 
 For some unexplained reason, Josiah Gage did not build a house for the 
 new minister, according to agreement, and at the annual meeting the next 
 
 ' It will be recollected that John Hntchins had previously built a gallery at the west end. 
 
136 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 year (1682) a committee was chosen to find some one else to build it. A few 
 weeks after, (April 4) a town meeting was called, and a committee chosen 
 " to treat with Samuel Dal ton- •' or John Stockbridge for either of their 
 houses which they have of late erected in town," for the use of the new 
 minister. 
 
 At the June meeting of the previous year, the question of building a 
 new meeting-house was discussed. The old one was too small to accom- 
 modate all the inhabitants, and was, moreover, much decayed. But the 
 proposition was finally voted down, " by the additional and wilful votes of 
 many prohibited by law from voting." The proposition adopted at that 
 time, to build a gallery for the women, was probably a sort of comj^romise 
 between the two parties. At the March meeting following, the matter 
 was again agitated, but no action was taken. 
 
 In June, another meeting was called, " at the request of Mr. Ward," 
 to see about a new minister. At this meeting, ten pounds were raised to 
 get one. 
 
 In July, the town met to sec about the " parsonage farm," and it was 
 finally leased to Daniel Bradley, for twenty-one years. Mr. AVard's in- 
 creasing age and feebleness were doubtless the reasons for this action, 
 though none are given. 
 
 September 18th, another meeting was called to see about a new minister. 
 The necessity was now becoming urgent, and the matter could not be de- 
 layed longer. After much discussion, the town voted " to proffer Mr. 
 Jeremiah Gushing, or some other meet person that may be agreed upon, 
 £100, in corn or provisions, besides the £60 profi"ered for annual salary 
 during Mr. Ward's life." They determined that the above mentioned 
 sums should be raised in the same way as a town rate, and should be paid 
 " part money, part wheat, part rye, & part Indian Corn, all good, dry, 
 sweet clean, & merchantable." The committee previously chosen were 
 continued, "to carry on designs with Mr. Gushing, whom the town hath 
 had some experience of."f 
 
 Three weeks later, another meeting was held, at which it was voted to 
 purchase of Samuel Simons, "his house & nine acres of land for the use 
 
 ' Dalton was from Hampton. 
 
 t From the l.ist clause of this vote, it appears that Mr. Gushing had preached in town at some time 
 previous, — perhaps on "exchange" with Mr. Ward. Mr. Gushing was a son of Daniel Gushing, Esq., 
 was born at Hingham. Mass., July 3, 1654, and graduated at Harvard University, in 1676. He received 
 an invitation to settle in the ministry at Haverhill, in 1682, which he declined accepting. He was after- 
 ward invited to become the pastor of the church in Scituate, and was ordained over it May 27, 1691. He 
 died March 22, 1705, in the fifty-first year of his age, and the fourteenth of his ministry. — Vide Histories 
 Hingham, and Scituate. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 187 
 
 of the ministry." The town gave Simons for his house and land, " forty 
 acres near Fishing river, and £30 in wheat, rye, and corn." They also 
 voted Mr. Gushing " four cow common rights," in addition to Avhat they 
 had previously oflFered him, and also " twenty cords of wood at his 
 house annually. "•■' 
 
 This year, for the first time, the Moderator was chosen by "a paper 
 vote," and it was voted that in future the Selectmen should be chosen in 
 the same manner, " one at a time." This was the commencement of vot- 
 ing by written ballot in the choice of officers by the town.f 
 
 At the annual meeting in 1683, Francis Wainwright obtained leave for 
 his son Simon to settle in town, and use timber to build him a house and 
 a " ware house." This is the first mention we can find of a merchant, or 
 trader, in town. Francis AVainwright was himself a merchant, from Ips- 
 wich, and had three sons, — John, Simon, and Francis. Simon immediately 
 removed here. 
 
 At this meeting, the subject of Mr. Cushing's engagement was again 
 discussed, and it was decided to send a messenger to get his answer or to 
 have him "please to come and give us a visit, that we may receive answer 
 from himself." It was voted to raise one-half of the one hundred pounds 
 offered him, immediately; and also to buy " the house where Henry Pal- 
 mer lived & died, for the use of the ministry forever." The price paid 
 was twenty acres of land " towards Great Pond. "J 
 
 This was the third time the town purchased a place to be devoted to 
 that use, " forever," and we may doubtless forever sj)eculate as to the rea- 
 sons why the previous bargains were not carried into effect, as the records 
 give us no clue to a solution of the problem. 
 
 In June, another meeting was called to consider about Mr. Cushing's 
 settlement, and to see about a new meeting house. The latter subject, 
 however, seems to have engrossed all the time of the meeting. We should 
 judge from the records that there was no difference of opinion in regard 
 to the need, or the expediency of building a new house, as the discussions 
 appear to have been confined entirely to' its location. Upoii this question, 
 there was a wide difference of opinion, and when the vote was taken upon the 
 question of placing the new meeting house upon the old site, the following 
 voted yea, viz : 
 
 Serg. John Johnson, Mr. John Ward, minister, Nath'l Saltonstall, Lieut 
 Oeorge Browne, Wm. White, Thomas Whittier, John Whittier, EobertEmer- 
 
 * Twenty cords of wood per annum, was, at that day, considered a moderate allowance for an ordinary 
 family, 
 t In the early days of the Colony, white and black beans were used in voting. 
 + This is the first mention we find of that body of water, by that, or any other particular nitnie. 
 18 
 
138 HISTOEY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 son, Robert Clement, Jotham Hendrick, James Davis, sen., Daniel Ela, John 
 Page sen., and Samuel Shepherd. (Total 15.) The following named per- 
 sons " were against the settling of the meeting house where the meeting 
 house now stands (forever) , but that this meeting house that now is may 
 stand as long as is convenient: — Thomas Davis, Daniel Lad sen., Saml 
 Gild, Peter Ayer, Onesipho Mash sen, John Haseltine sen, Micha Em- 
 erson, Geo Corlis, Eob. Pord, Saml Simons, Tim Ayers, John Eobie, Saml 
 Hutchins, John Corlis, Saml Ayer, Thos Duston John Hartshorne, The 
 Ayer, Joseph Kingsberry, John Gild, Saml Kingsberry, Joseph Hutchins, 
 Stephen Webster, Nathl Haseltine, Tho Hartshorne, Eobt Swan sen, Willm 
 NefF, Josiah Gage, Ezek'l Lad, Robt Swan Jun, Philip Eastman, Heniy 
 Kemball, Joseph Johnson, Mat Harriman." (Total 3-i). 
 
 In referring to the action of the town about the settlement of Mr. Gush- 
 ing, the former historian of Haverhill concludes, that there was not only 
 considerable discussion, but that it was " probably rather violent," and 
 adds, " the excitement appears to have been great." "We have carefully 
 examined the record, and are unable to find any evidence of violent dis- 
 cussions, or great excitement, and we feel confident that such was not the 
 case. The matters were, indeed, most important ones, and we have no 
 doubt that the discussions were both long and earnest ; but the Eecorder 
 gives us no hints of either violence or great excitement. 
 
 Among the minor matters of this period, we find several items which 
 may be of interest to our readers.'-' 
 
 In 1683, a committee was chosen to rebuild the " West Bridge, at Saw- 
 mill Eiver, it being much dammified by the great flood of waters this 
 spring." (This bridge stood near the present Winter street bridge). 
 
 Daniel Ela was prosecuted by his wife, for ill treatment, and the court 
 ordered him to pay her 40s. This, however, did not prevent a continu- 
 ance of his cruelty, as he was the next year complained of by William 
 White, for turning his wife out of doors in a snow-storm, and shamefully 
 abusing her. The following deposition of one of his neighbors, will ex- 
 hibit his character: "Goodman Ela said that Goodman White was an old 
 knave, and that he would make it cost him souse for coming to him about 
 
 • The followiDg, from Coffin's History of Xewhury, ttjII probably apply equally as well to Haverhill, 
 and is therefore worth inserting in this place : — " Turnips at that time, & for a half century afl.cr, sup- 
 plied the place of potatoes. In 1662, the price of a cord of oak wood, & a bushel of turnips, was the 
 same, namely, one shilling and sixpence. In 1702, oak wood was three shillings, & walnut five shillings 
 a cord, and turnips from one shilling and sixpence to two shillings abushell.(l) In 1676, tumijis one 
 shilling perbushell, hemp and butter sixpence per pound. In 1687, cotton woul was" one sLilling aud six- 
 pence per pound. (2) 
 
 (1) John Knight's Ji^urnal. (2) Richard Bartlett's Journa 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 139 
 
 his wife, and meddling about that which was none of his business. He 
 said that she was his servant and his slave ; and that she was no woman, 
 but a devil in woman's apparel ; and that she should never come into his 
 house again ; and that he would have her severely whipped, but that it 
 would be a disgrace to him."- 
 
 John Page was licensed to keep an ordinary in town ; and William 
 White to sell cider for three years. At the next court, Page was fined 
 forty shillings for " selling drink to Indians."! 
 
 At the town meeting, in 1683, a complaint was made against John Kee- 
 zar, for keeping his tan- vats open, by which means, some cattle and swine 
 belonging to his neighbors, had been destroyed. " The Moderator, in ye 
 name of ye towne, did publiquely give sd Keezar a caution — warning 
 and admonishing him upon his perill to secure his tan-yard and tan fatts 
 that no damage be done by him, to other mens or his own creatures ; and 
 in speciall that mischief may not come unto children, which may occasion 
 his own life to come upon triall." 
 
 On the 27th of October, another meeting was called to see about settling 
 a minister. The first vote passed, was to dismiss the committee previously 
 chosen for the purpose of finding some suitable person, and the next, was to 
 choose a new committee, " to procure a person to join with Mr. Ward in 
 the work of the ministry at Haverhill." This third committee consisted of 
 CorporalJ Peter Ayer, Corporal Josiah Gage, and Eobert Swan, senior. 
 
 In the records of this meeting, we find the following, touching the nego- 
 tiations with Mr. Gushing : — 
 
 " The town by their former Committee having had a treaty with Mr. 
 Gushing, in order to his settlement, and at last being denied, Lieut Browne, 
 that the town may be j astified if they treat with any other person in order 
 to a settlement in the ministry, gave in Mr. Cushing's two letters as his 
 answer and refusal of our motion, that, they might be entered and put 
 upon file, with other papers belonging to the town's concernments which 
 are on file." 
 
 This is the last reference we find to Mr. Gushing in the records. The 
 Recorder does not state what his reasons were for declining to come, and 
 as the letters above mentioned are now lost, we are left entirely in the 
 dark concerning them. We feel confident, however, that his refusal was 
 not given on account of any division or excitement among the people of 
 the town, though Miriclc so intimates in his History of HaverhiU. 
 
 '"' Court Records. t Ibid. 
 
 X If any of our readers feel disposed to smile at the prominence given to military titles, by our ances- 
 tors, let them please remember, that, in these "latter days," nearly every man is addressed by some title. 
 Those who cannot claim a higher one, are usually addressed as -'Esq." 
 
140 HISTORY or IIATBRHILL. 
 
 At the next annual meeting (1684) Daniel Ela and AVilliam Starlia 
 made " a proffer to the town, to sell their livings, house & land, for a situ- 
 ation for a minister or the ministry," and a committee was chosen to treat 
 with them "in the time of intermission, before the afternoon," and re- 
 port. Upon the committee's report, the town declined the proifer of Ela, 
 as "too difficult to comply with & perform," and decided to treat further 
 with Starlin. For the latter purpose, the committee was ordered to con- 
 fer with him again, and report at an adjourned meeting, the next day. 
 The next day, the town voted to give Starlin one hundred pounds for his 
 house and land, provided he would give them a " sufficient legal convey- 
 ance " of the same. His pay was as follows : — " Ten acres of land at 
 the Fishing river, near to Eohert Emerson's." which was to he laid out 
 convenient " for the setting up of a corn mill there," at three pounds per 
 acre ; and the remaining seventy pounds to be paid in merchantable corn, 
 in two several payments, for which a rate was then ordered to be laid. 
 
 The town expressly reserved the right to allow any other person or per- 
 sons to put up mills on the same stream, and also stipulated that in setting 
 down his dam he should not hinder the passage of the fish up the river to 
 the pond, " at the season of the year when they come to pass up." 
 
 From the record of the same meeting we copy the following : 
 
 " A complaint being made to the town for want of room in the meeting 
 house, for the women, convenient when they come to hear the word of God 
 preached, and that care be speedily taken about the same : The town (by 
 their act upon June 24, 1681, having taken care for such a galery, and 
 appointed persons to take care thereof, and get it to be made at the towns 
 cost) do refer this matter to the said committee, empowering them to get 
 the same built, desiring them forthwith to proceed upon the work to have 
 it finished, that no excuse of that kind be made by any persons that do, or 
 shall absent themselves from the public worship of God." 
 
 From the above, we are led to presume, that the committee had neglected 
 to build the gallery on account of the probability of a new meeting-house 
 being soon erected. As they were now ordered to proceed at once in the 
 work, it appears as though the proposition for a new one was given up for 
 the present. 
 
 In the summer of this year, (July 30. 1684,) a town meeting was called 
 to see about the seating of the inhabitants in the meeting house, " altera- 
 tions and divers deaths " having made some new arrangements necessary, 
 and the selectmen were made a committee " for the new seating or placing 
 of persons in the seats in the meeting house." It was voted, that if any 
 of the inhabitants refused to occupy the seats assigned them by the se- 
 lectmen, they should " forfeit a fine of twelve pence in coi-n " for each 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 141 
 
 day's neglect or refusal : and, " to prevent any objection of others," an- 
 other committee was chosen to seat the selectmen ! 
 
 Mirick, in noticing the above, says, — " It ia evident, from the language 
 of the Eecorder that some epidemic prevailed about this time, though we 
 have no other account of it." We are surprised that, with the record be- 
 fore him, he should have drawn such an inference. It had now been 
 about thirty years since the seats were first assigned, and in that period 
 great changes had naturally been made in families by " alterations and 
 divers deaths," and we see no evidence or hint that favors the adoption of 
 any other theory in explaining the above-mentioned action of the town. 
 
 A change in the mode of voting for Selectmen was adopted at the annual 
 meeting this year, the record of which is not without interest: — " It is 
 ordered that at this present meeting, and so for the future till this act is 
 orderly repealed, every one that is presented at the town meeting for, and 
 hath power or liberty of voting in the choice of Selectmen for the follow- 
 ing year shall bring in his votes for five several distinct persons in one 
 paper at one time, cut between the names, so that they may hang together ; 
 and when all the papers so brought in are sorted, those five men that have 
 the greatest number of votes, as it is usual in the public elections on Nomi- 
 nations for the country shall be the men who are chosen to serve for the 
 Selectmen for the year ensuing."--^ 
 
 In 1683, Job Clement of Dover, son of the late Job Clement of this 
 town, applied to the town to lay out some land to him upon his father's 
 house lot accommodation ; but, "upon discourse," several persons afiirmed 
 that the land had already been laid out, and as "Daniel Ela afiirmed openly 
 that Mr Job Clement in his life time did say with reference to his three 
 acres of accommodations, that Theoph. Satchwell who had been at law with 
 him, had cheated him of it all," the town refused his request. In 1684, 
 Clement renewed his application, and the " matter being long discoursed," 
 the town again refused to acknowledge his claim. 
 
 After the Selectmen for 1685 were chosen, it was found that a major- 
 ity were not freemen," as a law of the colony required, and " without 
 reflection or disrespect, Daniel Bradley was left out, and Josiah Gage 
 chosen in his room." 
 
 The same year, a highway was laid out " from Almsbury meeting house 
 by Country Bridge to Haverhill." It was a " beaten " way before, but had 
 not been regularly laid out. A highway was also laid out " above Spicket as 
 far as Haverhill lands go in that direction." One had been previously laid 
 out in the latter direction, but being little used, it had become " uncertain." 
 
 " In 1687, this regulation was repealed, and " the former ancient practice of putting in for but one per- 
 son at a time ordered to be attended to." 
 
142 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 John Keyzar, to whom land was granted in 1674, on condition that he 
 came and " set up his trade of tanner " in town, (which land was " con- 
 firmed to him" in 1682) made application this year for liberty to sell it; 
 but the town informed him that " they did and do expect the conditions 
 therein mentioned to be attended, or else the said John may leave the same 
 to the Town, with the buildings and improvements by him made thereon, 
 to the Town for public use." 
 
 The Town Eecords of this year, for the first time, state that the meet- 
 ings were called by the " writ of the selectmen, published and placed on 
 file." They were published by affixing a copy of the warrant to the door 
 of the meeting house. 
 
 For ten years preceding this, we find no allusion in the Town Eecords to 
 the subject of a school, and only one elsewhere, — that in the Ipswich 
 Court Eecords of 1681. From this, and the record of the meeting men- 
 tioned below, we infer that there was no regular school in town during 
 those years. 
 
 On the 9th of November, of this year, a meeting was called, "in order 
 to a supply and the providing a fit person to keep school in this Town, and 
 make it his only employ to instruct the children or young men, or any of 
 the inhabitants of Haverhill in reading, and in writing, and in cyphering," 
 and the selectmen were voted full power to provide such a person, and agree 
 with him to keep school until the next annual meeting, provided they did 
 not agree " to give him on the public account more than Four pounds in 
 corn till that time." Under the same date, we find the following agree- 
 ment, which is well worth pi*eserving : — 
 
 " We whose names are underwritten have agreed with Mr James Chad- 
 wick to keep the school, to endeavour to teach such as shall resort to him, 
 as they shall desire to read, or write, or cypher, or all of them, until the 
 next annual meeting in February next : For which service of his he shall 
 be paid by the town in general three pounds in corn, besides what he shall 
 have, or agree with the scholars for ; or their parents, or masters ; or for 
 want of agreement the said Mr Chadwick in his demands not to exceed 
 what usually is paid in other places for schooling, viz : To have by the 
 week — For a Eeader 00:04, & for a writer 00:03. Dated November 9th, 
 1685, By us 
 
 Eobt Ayer ") 
 
 Ste Dow >- Selectmen. 
 
 Josi'h Gage 3 
 
 and consented unto by the other 2. Jna Page Jun \ Select 
 
 Sim Wain Wright J men " 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 143 
 
 At tlie next annual meeting, the selectmen were directed " to agree with 
 Mr Chadwick, or any other person, to make it his employ to keep school 
 in Haverhill for the year ensuing." 
 
 In the spring of 1686, a road was laid out from Eowley to Haverhill, 
 It was laid out eight rods wide. 
 
 In answer to a petition from the Selectmen, the Court empowered them 
 to " bind out young ones into sarvice," — provided their indentures met 
 the approval of " worshipful Major Saltonstall." 
 
 At the annual meeting, Daniel Ela proffered to sell his housing and 
 land by the meeting house " to the town for a parsonage, and take as part 
 pay, the house and land the town had previously purchased of Wm Star- 
 lin ; but, after much discourse, the town refused to treat with him. At 
 the same time, John Gild charged Lieut. Johnson, in open town meeting, 
 with attempting to cheat him, by altering the bounds of land at Flaggy 
 meadow, and taking in " near 40 or 50 acres." As the Lieutenant " con- 
 fessed in part," the town chose a committee to look into the matter. The 
 Lieutenant was not, however, the only one in town who wanted more land 
 than belonged to him, as Serg't John Page and Mr. Simon Wainwright, 
 "by virtue of an order from the Selectmen," the previous year, "to 
 search after and find out them that had trespassed upon the Town's ways 
 and common lands by their fencing of them in," gave in the following 
 names : — Joseph Greelee, Joseph Peasely, Saml Pearson, Saml Shepherd, 
 Daniel Ela, Edwd Brumidge, Sergt Johnson, Peter Patie, Lt. Browne or S 
 Ford, Benj Singletery, John Gild, Robt Swan, Stephen Davis, Dan: Hen- 
 drick, Jno Davis, Edwd Clarke, Stephen Dow, Abra. Belknap, Thos Davis, 
 John Whittier. 
 
 But even this large array of names did not include the whole, for at the 
 same meeting, the Piecorder informs us, " Piobt Swan sen presented a mo- 
 tion to the Town for buying of their own lands which they had purchased 
 of the Indians, and had grants for from the General Court : and was laid 
 out in particular lots by the Town's allotment." Swan's motion was, 
 that, — 
 
 " Whereas there was a certain tract of land purchased of Pumpasano- 
 Way alais Old Will, an Indian, by John Endicot of Boston, Gentn, eldest 
 son to Gov Endicot, The which land was sold by Jno Endicot to Walter 
 Barefoot, Esq, as appears by firm deeds under hand and seal, from one to 
 the other of the above said conveyors, This land being part of it in the 
 bounds of Haverhill near Spicket Eiver. It being now in my hands to 
 dispose of as I can make it appear, I think it expedient that a proposition 
 be made to the town in the first place. That if they please to buy that 
 
144 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 part of it wliicli is within Haverhill line, they may have it at a reasonable 
 rate, or if they please to accept it now, before it be otherwise disposed of, 
 or if they will buy that which is granted to particular men and laid out 
 to them ; If the Town will buy the whole tract of land they shall have it 
 for 2 shillings per acre, or if they will give acre for acre of land and 
 meadow where they and I shall agree, it shall content me. 
 
 Eobert Swan, sen." 
 
 The Eecorder adds, that, — 
 
 " Considerable discourse was had about Eobt Swan's motion, which was 
 unanimously opposed with manifestation. of great dislike of K Swan's pro- 
 ceedings and because he showed no original title, but only a blank, pretended 
 to be Mr Endicot's title : and because of the Town's present being in pos- 
 session, and having so been according to the law of possession. The town 
 declares that till they be dispossessed by law they will not buy of E Swan 
 or of any other, but will hold what they account their own." 
 
 Upon this. Swan desired the town to have laid out to him those lands 
 which he could make appear to be legally due him, but which he declared 
 had been kept from him twenty -three ' or twenty-four years by George 
 Browne.'- He further declared, that he had often labored to have it done, 
 but could neither have the lands laid out, or any satisfactory answer con- 
 cerning the same, and that he was much reproached, and also impoverished 
 by the malignity of Lieutenant Browne's spirit towards him. 
 
 In reply to this, the town directed Swan "to make his right appear, & 
 then justice should be done to him as to other men." 
 
 Swan then asked that the town " would call Lieut Browne, James Davis, 
 and himself, to an account for their actions since they were appointed to 
 lay out and rectify lands," at the same time delaring that there had been 
 " such irregular actions done as may cause the children yet unborn to 
 curse us hereafter," This " was spoken to, but no vote passed by the Town 
 to do anything in it." 
 
 Lieutenant Browne's turn now came, and he plumply charged Goodman 
 Swan with having told him a wrong story about a certain brook, on ac- 
 count of which Browne had laid out more land to Swan than he was entitled 
 to. Upon this, the Eecorder adds, " several words, and some of them hard, 
 passed, but there was no further proceed in order to further enquiry, 
 and it being late and past time for a vote, the Moderator declared that the 
 meeting was at an end, or dissolved, with respect to the present session." 
 
 At the next meeting, Swan asked the town to confirm to him a piece of 
 meadow land, and his fourth division of land, "which he had laid out for 
 
 <» Bro«'ue was one of the town's "lot layers." 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 145 
 
 himself." The town rejected his proposal, and protested against this, and 
 all such acts, by whomsoever done. 
 
 Notwithstanding these matters of dispute, Swan evidently had the con- 
 fidence of the town, for the very next vote, at the same meeting, placed 
 him on a committee to run disputed and uncertain bounds, — a most im- 
 portant office. Browne, however, " openly declared that he would not any 
 longer stand as a lot-layer," and Thomas Whittier was chosen in his place. 
 Swan was evidently too much for him. 
 
 We find the following among the records of births, marriages, and 
 deaths, for 1686: — "Elizabeth Emerson, single-woman, had Dorothy, 
 born April 10 — 86 ; and a second time, though never married. Twins, born 
 'May 8 — 91, who were both made away with privately, and found dead May 
 10 — 91." The Eecorder then says : — "The Mother lay long in prison, 
 bilt at the long run, in the year 1691, as I take it, was executed at Boston 
 for the murthering of the two babes, or one of them."" 
 
 About this time, a rule was adopted requiring all petitions to the town 
 to be in writing. 
 
 A law of the General Court required all swine running at large to be 
 yoked, and also to have two rings in their snout, but allowed towns a dis- 
 cretion in the matter of yoking. This town decided that they might go 
 unyoked, if their owners would be responsible for damages. 
 
 At the annual meeting for 1687, Joseph Peasely, being chosen constable 
 for the ensuing year, " by bringing in of paper votes,"f " made his plea 
 for freedom," which not being granted, he moved that a second constable 
 be chosen, — " because the Town was large and many lived remote so that 
 one man could not well do the work of warning meetings and gathering of 
 rates alone." This last request was granted, and John Ayer, junior, 
 chosen second constable. It was left to them to divide their wards and 
 their work, as they might themselves agi'ee. It seems, however, that they 
 could not agree, and the town released Ayer, and thus compelled Peasely 
 to do all the work alone. A few years later, two constables were regularly 
 chosen, and from that time, two continued to be chosen annually for many 
 years. 
 
 The following shows the gi-eat value the town at this time placed upon 
 its fisheries : — 
 
 " In answer to the proposition of some, and the universal desire of the 
 people, that care, by an order, might be taken that fish might not, by Dams 
 
 * The Eecorder was correct. The father of the children, was Samuel Ladd, a married man, and then 
 tha father of eight children hy his lawful wife, — the two youngest twins ! Elizaheth was the daughter 
 of Michael Emerson, and the one he kicked and beat so shamefully in 1674. 
 
 t This was the first time any officers, except Moderator and Selectmen, were chosen by written ballot. 
 
 19 
 
146 HISTOKY OF HAYERHILL. 
 
 and Wiers, made in the Sawmill Eiver, or Fishing Eiver, or any other, he 
 stopped of the usual course up to the Pond, but have free passage up the 
 Eiver in this Town : 
 
 " The Town declares that they expect there shall be free passage for fish 
 up the Sawmill Eiver and Fishing Eiver and all other Elvers, brooks and 
 creeks in this Town, in all suitable seasons of the year for their getting up 
 to the Pond to spawn, and in special in the night time ; and to that end 
 do order that no man shall make a dam, or suffer his dam so to stop any 
 passage the fish used to have to the Ponds or Pond, without leaving his 
 dam or Wier or other device open in the night time for the fish." 
 
 Similar reasons to those that led them to seek the preservation of their 
 fisheries, also induced them to make vigorous efforts to increase their flocks. 
 
 We are unable to say when sheep were first introduced into the town, 
 but it is probable that a few were owned by the inhabitants at an early 
 period of its settlement. The first mention we find of them in the Town 
 Eecords, is under date of 1684, when "the proprietors of the Great Plain 
 thinking to lay down the said field for some years to be improved for a 
 sheep pasture," the town gave them leave to fence it, choose officers, and 
 make all necessary regulations for that purpose.-'^ 
 
 The next mention of them, is the following, in 1687 : — 
 
 •• It being the interest and desire of the inhabitants, for the sake of 
 back, belly and purse, to get into a stock, and a way to keep a stock of 
 sheep, in which all endeavours hitherto have been invalid and of no effect ; 
 For a further trial : The Selectmen have hereby power granted them to 
 call forth the inhabitants capable of labor with suitable tools, and in suit- 
 able companies about Michaelmass, to clear some land at the town's end, 
 sides, or skirts ; as they in their discretion shall think meet to direct, to 
 make it capable and fit for sheep to feed upon with the less hazzard : and 
 he that is warned as above, and doth not accordingly come and attend the 
 service, shall pay a fine of 2s per day." 
 
 From the above it is evident that the " hazzard " of sheep raising was 
 occasioned by the ravages of wolves among the flocks. We have already 
 alluded to the trouble these pests occasioned the settlers. In addition to 
 the bounty paid by the colony for their destruction, this town (and others) 
 for a long time paid forty shillings for every wolf killed in the town. In 
 1685, Amesbury repealed this additional bounty, and, to prevent fraud, 
 this town soon afterward did the same, but still allowed the selectmen to 
 
 o Coffin, in.his History of Newbury, estimates that there were in that town, in 1685, over five thousand 
 Bheep. The owners in the several neighborhoods clubbed together, hired a shepherd, and by means of 
 portable fences, oi " gates," took turns in pasturing them, — thus enriching their corn land. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 147 
 
 pay such sums as they should agree upon in particular cases. This plan 
 did not prove satisfactory, however, and two years afterward a regular 
 bounty of fifteen shillings was voted to any person who should kill a full 
 grown wolf within the town's bounds, and seven shillings sixpence for each 
 young one. The liberal bounty paid for their destruction, ultimately had 
 the desired effect, and the flocks of the settlers were permitted to multiply 
 without their molestation." 
 
 " In 1696, Timothy Eaton petitioned the town to grant him a bounty, more than the country allowed, 
 for killing a full grown she-wolf on the ox-common. The town granted him ten shillings •' for killing 
 said wolf since he declares it was a bitch wolf and that she will not bring any more whelps." 
 
148 
 
 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 CHAPTEE XII. 
 
 INDIAN TROUBLES. FROM 1688 TO 1695. 
 
 In 1688, a fresh Indian war broke out on the frontiers of New England. 
 As a pretense for commencing hostilities, the Indians charged the English 
 with neglecting to pay the tribute of corn, which had been stipulated by 
 the treaty of 1678 ;^'-' obstructing the fish in Saco river with seines; de- 
 frauding them in trade, and with gi-anting their lands without their con- 
 sent."! The French used every effort to inflame their resentment, in order 
 to revenge the recent injuries they had themselves received from the 
 English.^ 
 
 The first acts of hostility commenced at North Yarmouth, by killing 
 cattle, and threatening the people. This was followed by robbery, and 
 capturing the inhabitants. 
 
 To add to the distresses and troubles of the Massachusetts colonists, they 
 also found themselves involved in difficulties relating to their charter. 
 Complaints had from time to time }>een made in England against the colon- 
 ists, and in the height of the distresses of Phillip's war, and while the 
 colony were contending with the natives for the possession of the soil, 
 these complaints were renewed with vigor. An inc^uiry was set on foot, 
 and followed, from time to time, until 1684, when judgment was given 
 against their charter. In 1686, a commission arrived, appointing a presi- 
 dent and council to administer the government. This administration was, 
 however, short, and in December of the same year. Sir Edmund Andros 
 arrived with a commission for the government of all the New England 
 colonies, except Connecticut. 
 
 •* It was stipulated, in tHs treaty, that the inhabitants should return to their deserted settlements, on 
 conditioR of paying one peck of corn annually, for each family, by way of acknowledgment to the Indians 
 for the possession of their lands. 
 
 t Belknap 1,242. 
 
 J France and England were early competitoi-s in America. Each claimed a portuin of its territory, 
 assumed jurisdiction, and attempted its colonization. Their rivalry and hatred had existed for centu- 
 ries — it was indeed hereditary, — and in consequence of it, the New England colonies were early in- 
 volved in difl&culties. Acadia and Canada were wrested from the French in 1629, but were restored by 
 the treaty of St. Germain, in 1&32. Acadia was again conquered in 16d4, but restored by the treaty of 
 Breda, in 1669. In 1666, the conquest of Canada was a second time attempted, but without success ; 
 and again in 16S6, with a like result. These difficulties continued until the peace of Utrecht, in VllZ. 
 In 1744, war again broke out between France and England, and continued until the reduction of Canada, 
 in 1760, and the treaty of Paris, 1763. During these wars, the colonies were continually involved, and 
 severely suffered. 
 
UISTORY OF HAVERUILL. 149 
 
 The administration of Andros \^s most arbitrary and oppressive. The 
 Press was restrained ; public thanksgiving, without an order from the 
 Crown, was prohibited ; fees of all officers were increased ; and the peo- 
 ple were even compelled to petition for new patents for their lands, for 
 which patents they were obliged to pay exoi'bitaut prices." As a conse- 
 quence of these, and many other equally oppressive and arbitrary proceed- 
 ings, the Colonists were greatly disquieted, and excited. 
 
 In September, 1689, a Special Justices' Court was ordered, to "make 
 inquiry in the several towns of Gloster, Haverhill, & Boxford, and ex- 
 amine and binde over such persons as have beene Factious & Seditious there 
 and contemptuously refused to obey and execute the warrants of the Trea- 
 surer." 
 
 In the language of Andros himself, " there was no such thing as a town 
 in the whole country ; " and to assemble in town meeting for purposes of 
 deliberation was esteemed an act of sedition and riot. The unhappy state 
 of affairs at this period may be further judged from the following illustra- 
 tions, which we find among the original papers in the State Archives : — 
 
 In the winter of 1688-9, Joseph Emerson and Jacob Whiticker, of this 
 town, were pressed as soldiers for Andros, and sent in the expedition to 
 Pemaquid. Their depositions, given afterward, before Nathaniel Salton- 
 stall. Assistant, show that the soldiers of the tyrant were most shamefully 
 abused, and maltreated. Simon Wainwright, of this town, had twenty- 
 seven barrels of cider taken from him, by the excise officers of Andros. f 
 Onisephorous Mash, constable of Haverhill, was forced to pay five pounds 
 three shillings, in money, for the drawing up of a bond for him to appear 
 at Salem, because the town had not appointed a commissioner on rates to 
 meet at the shire town to assist in making rates for the county. 
 
 Daniel Bradley, one of the Selectmen, was forced to pay five pounds, 
 one shilling, for a similar bond, on the same case. 
 
 Such was the iinfortunate condition of the colonists, when troubles again 
 broke out with the Indians, in 1688. To quell the disturbance, Andros, 
 with seven or eight hundred men, marched into the eastern country, in 
 November, and built several forts ; and though many of his men died by 
 hardships and exposure, not one Indian was killed, or even seen. They 
 had all retired into their distant winter quarters. | 
 
 -■ One of the first acts of Andros was to levy a tax of twenty pence on each poll, and one penny in the 
 pound upon "all the late colonies and provinces toward defraying the public charges of the government." 
 Some tOT\Tis asked to be excused from paying the tax, and others refused. Haverhill, Salisbury, Eowley, 
 and Andover, were fined for their contumacy. 
 
 t It appears that Wainwright made twenty barrels in 1688, from the produce of his own orchard. 
 
 I Joseph Emerson and Jacob Whiticker, of this town, were pressed as soldiers Jor this expedition. 
 
150 HISTOEY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 With the opening of spring, the situation of the settlers again became 
 critical. None knew when or where another attack would be made, and 
 we need not wonder that their hearts were oppressed with the gloomiest 
 forebodings. The following extract, from a letter of Samuel Ayer, con- 
 stable of Haverhill, to the General Court, under date of February 11, 
 1689''', — in answer to a citation for the town to appear and answer to the 
 charge of " withholding the one half of their proportion of rates," — touch- 
 ingly represents the condition of the town : — 
 
 " I pray you consider our poor condition. There are many that have 
 not corn to pay their rates, many more which have not money : to strainf 
 I know not what to take : we are a great way from any market, to make 
 money of anigh thing we have : and now there is not anigh way to trans- 
 port to other places : I pray consider our poor condition." 
 
 Early in April, news reached Boston that "William, Prince of Orange, 
 had invaded England, and dethroned the King. Animated with the hope 
 of deliverance, the people rushed to arms ; took possession of the fort ; 
 seized Andros, and other obnoxious characters ; placed them in confine- 
 ment, and organized a Council of Safety. I The latter immediately sent 
 circulars to the several towns, recommending that delegates be chosen by 
 each, to assemble in convention at Boston on the 9th of the following 
 month, to advise with the Council. The following was the answer of this 
 town : — 
 
 " Haverhill May 20, 1689. 
 
 By an express from ye council for safety, &c, dated May ye 10th 1689. 
 The Town being meet do unanimously, nemine contradicente, declare yt 
 they think it most eligible & safe to wait for information from ye Crown 
 in England, according to promise, & declaration, so yt we may ye better 
 know wt we may at present do ; & do pray yt ye Council, now in being 
 for Safety of ye people, & Conservation of ye Peace do take care effect- 
 ually in all publique affaires, & in all imergences. And we do hereby 
 further declare yt we will be assistant in ye charges yt shal come unto, 
 both wh our persons and estates, so yt ye Persons that are or shal be put 
 into Hold§ be effectually secured, & have not too full a libertie of visitors, 
 either made or Eemade, whereby they may escape, wc we hear hath been 
 attempted. 
 
 This was read, voted & passed, nemine contradicente, as attest 
 
 N Saltonstall Kecordr." 
 
 " state Archives. t Restrain. 
 
 I Nathaniel Saltonstall was chosen one of this council. 
 
 § Jail, or prison. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 151 
 
 Cornet Peter Ayer was chosen to represent Haverhill at the Convention. - 
 
 Scarcely had the colonists recovered from their surprise at this sudden 
 change of affairs in their government, when their attention was again 
 called to the necessity of further protection against the Indians. The fol- 
 lowing, from Mirich, is well worth inserting in this place : — 
 
 " The Indians, for some time past, had been hovering over the town in 
 such a manner as kept the inhabitants in continual alarm. Small parties 
 were almost daily seen traversing the adjacent woods, and slyly approach- 
 ing the farm-houses in search of plunder. The friendly intercourse that 
 had existed so many years between them was broken, and open hostility 
 succeeded. So early as 1675, the fortifications around the meeting-house 
 were repaired, and in the following year we find that Ephraim Kingsbury 
 was slain ; but it was in the summer of this year that they commenced 
 the work of murder and desolation in good earnest. The tawny savage 
 sharpened his knife and tomahawk for the work of blood, and glutted his 
 imagination with the atrocities he should commit. The war began — the 
 fierce and inhuman contest on the part of the savages. It proceeded, and 
 what deeds of valor were performed — what acts of chivalry graced the 
 lives of our Fathers ! The plaided Highlander, armed with his claymore 
 and battle-axe, was not more heroic ; the stern and determined patriot, 
 who rallied beneath the banner of Wallace, was no braver ; the enthusi- 
 astic Crusader, who fought and bled on the plains of the Holy Land, never 
 exhibited a more fearless and undaunted spirit. Some of their deeds have 
 been emblazoned on the page of history ; but many of them, until now, 
 have been permitted to rest in obscurity. 
 
 There was but little genuine bravery among the savages ; and, in fact, 
 we do not recollect one instance of the kind, on their part, where pure, 
 high-souled and chivalrous courage was displayed, during the whole war, — 
 a period of nearly thirty years. But they were generally cruel, vindictive 
 and treacherous. Such aged and infirm persons as were unable to perform 
 a journey through the wilderness, were generally despatched. Infants, 
 soon as they became troublesome, had their mouths filled with burning 
 embers, or their brains dashed out against the nearest stone or tree. But 
 we have one thing to record which speaks highly in their favor ; that is, 
 
 '^ The people of Massachusetts soon applied for the restoration of their charter, or the ^ant of a new 
 one. A definite answer was deferred, but the council was authorized to administer the government ac- 
 cording to the old charter, till further directions were given. A new charter was received in 1692. By 
 this charter, the appointment of the governor was in the crown, and every freeholder of forty shillings 
 sterling a year, and every inhabitant of forty pounds sterling, personal estate, was allowed to vote for 
 representatives. 
 
152 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 the modesty with whicli they generally treated their captive women. We 
 do not recollect of but one instance-'-' where they attempted to abuse their 
 chastity in word or action, f 
 
 Haverhill was a frontier town for nearly seventy years, and but few 
 towns suffered so severely from the Indians. At this period we can have 
 but a faint conception of the sufferings of the inhabitants. Surrounded * 
 with an immense and mostly unexplored forest — thinly scattered over a 
 large tract of land — and constantly exposed to the attacks of savage 
 hordes, are circumstances which have made us wonder, why they should 
 continue to march onward and onward into the wilderness, terrific for its 
 extent, and unfurl the banner of civilization under the very shadow of the 
 enemy's wigwam. The contests between them and the savages, were not 
 like those between civilized nations ; but it was a war for extermination 
 on one side, characterized with acts of the basest cruelty and revenge for 
 defence on the other. The foemen frequently fought hand to hand ; the 
 bloody frays were frequent and sometimes long. 
 
 The Indians made their attacks slyly, and cautiously approached their 
 enemy by skulking behind the intervening objects, until they came so near 
 that they felt perfectly sure of their victim. At other times, they would 
 fall upon the inhabitants before the break of day, and barbarously slaugh- 
 ter them while they were unprepared to defend themselves. The people 
 always went armed to their daily labor, and on the sabbath they were seen 
 on their way to Church, with a psalm-book in one hand, and a gun, loaded 
 and primed, in the other. But even then, while kneeling beneath the roof 
 of the sanctuary, they were not safe ; if they went into the fields at noontide, 
 with their spades and mattocks, their foes were behind them ; if they slept 
 within their dwellings when the sun had gone down, the darkness would 
 not protect them ; but ere the light had stole upon the east, their blood, 
 and the blood of their beloved, might pool together upon their hearths. In 
 summer and winter, at the budding and searing of the leaf, they were alike 
 exposed to hardships and to death. 
 
 Some of the most heroic deeds accomplished by the inhabitants of this 
 town, were performed by women, — by those whose limbs were not made to 
 
 ^ This was in the case of Mrs. Hannah Duston, when her captors told her that she, and her companions^ 
 must be stripped naked, and run the ganntlet. 
 
 t Testimonies in favor of the savaafes, in this particular, are very frequent. Mary Rowlandson, who 
 -was taken prisoner at Lancaster, in 1075, says in her narrative, (page 55), — "I have been in the midst 
 of these roaring lions and savage bears, that feared neither God nor man, nor the devil, by day and night, 
 alone and in company, sleeping all sorts together, and yet not one of them ever offered me the least abuse 
 of unchastity in -ivordor action." Elizabeth Hanson, who was captured in Dover, in 172i, says in her 
 narrative, that " the Indians are very civil towards their captive women, not offering any incivility by any 
 indecent carriage." Charlevoix, speaking of the Indians of Canada, says, (letter 7) " there is no example 
 ^hat any have taken the least liberty with the French women, even when they were their prisoners." 
 
HISTORY or HAVERHILL. 153 
 
 wield the weapons of war, — whose hearts could never exult in a profusion 
 of blood, — and whose sphere of usefulness, of honor and of glory, was in 
 the precincts of the domestic circle." 
 
 Dover was the first to suffer. On the night of the 27th of June, the 
 garrisons were attacked, twenty-three persons killed, and twenty-nine cap- 
 tured. Before the neighboring people could be collected, the Indians had 
 withdrawn, with their captives and their plunder, toward Canada. 
 
 In August, a party of Indians fell upon the settlement at Oyster Elver 
 (Durham, N. H.) and killed eighteen persons. 
 
 On the 13th of the same month, a small party made their appear- 
 ance in the northerly part of this town, and killed Daniel Brad- 
 ley. They then went to the field of Nathaniel Singletary, near by, 
 where he and his oldest son were at work. They approached in their slow 
 and serpent-like manner, until they came within a few rods, when they 
 shot Singletary, who fell and died on the spot ; his son attempted to es- 
 cape, but was quickly overtaken and made prisoner. The Indians then 
 scalped Singletary, and commenced a hasty retreat ; but their prisoner 
 soon eluded their vigilance, and returned to his home, on the same day, 
 to make glad the hearts of his afllicted relatives. Nathaniel Singletary 
 was a " squatter " on the parsonage lands. The marks of the cellar of 
 his house are still to be seen, on the land now owned by Benjamin Kim- 
 ball, on the Parsonage Eoad — a short distance northwest from the gate. 
 
 Bradley was killed on the " Parsonage Eoad," not far from the present 
 Atkinson Depot." 
 
 About the same time, two men were also killed at Andover. 
 
 These forays caused the inhabitants of the town again to appeal 
 to the General Court, for assistance in the work of watchfulness, and de- 
 fence,! and on the 29th of the same month, the " Ipswich Horse" were 
 ordered to this town, as a place of rendezvous for forces going to meet the 
 enemy. 
 
 The savages again made their appearance, on the 1 7th of the following 
 October, when they wounded and made prisoner of Ezra Eolfe,:J: who died 
 three days after being taken. 
 
 <* On the 30th of September, 1690, the following petition of his son, Daniel, was addressed to the Court : 
 "To the honord cortt now siting att ipswigc this may signify to your honors that whereas bytheprouvi- 
 dence of G id my father Daniel Bradly was slaine by the hand of the heathen and left no will as to the 
 deposing of his outward estatte I req^uest his brother Joseph may be appointed administrator. 
 
 DANIEL BRADLEY." (1) 
 This request was granted. 
 
 (1) This name does not appear in the Town Records among the children of the above Daniel Bradley, 
 t Men had been previously stationed in town, as garrison guards; but in July, (22d) apart of them 
 (those from Rowley) had been ordered home, on account of the " busy season of the year." — Hist. Eowhy. 
 I Rolfe lived not far from the present North Parish Meeting-house. 
 
 20 
 
154 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 No furtlier attacks were made by the Indians that year, and the inhabi- 
 tants began to hope that they might be spared a repetition of the bloody 
 work. 
 
 Toward the latter part of 1689, Eev. Benjamin Eolfe, of Newbury, be- 
 gan to preach in town, as an assistant to Mr. AA^ard, and, as it seems, with 
 general acceptance.-' 
 
 At a town meeting, January 20, 1690, called " to see about getting a 
 minister to join with Mr. Ward," it was voted to give Mr. Eolfe " forty 
 pounds per annum in "Wheat, Eye and Indian," to join and assist Mr. 
 Ward, and after Mr. Ward's death, the town would "farther allow 
 what shall be rational." According to the Eecorder, there was "grand 
 opposition " to the above vote, and it was finally declared " not to stand." 
 The record intimates, that " Mr. Ward and his son Saltonstall" left the 
 meeting, on account of the opposition to the vote. While they were ab- 
 sent, the town voted to pay Mr. Eolfe the above sum for one year, and his 
 diet, or board, and that Mr. Ward should have his full salary, provided he, 
 at his own cost, boarded Mr. Eolfe. 
 
 After a few months of comparative quiet, the colonists were again 
 startled by the intelligence that the French and their savage allies were 
 busily preparing for a renewal of their bloody work with the opening of 
 spring. The prospects of the inhabitants of the frontier towns were indeed 
 gloomy. 
 
 At the annual meeting, nothing was done, except to elect officers. Who 
 can weigh the load of fear and anxiety that rested upon the hearts of our 
 fathers, as they contemplated the dark future before them ? 
 
 But little time was left them for suspense. Anon the news came that a 
 large body of the enemy had attacked the beautiful village of Schnectady, 
 New York, massacred sixty of its inhabitants, captured twenty-seven more, 
 and reduced the town to ashes ! Hardly had the people realized the fear- 
 ful import of the intelligence, when another herald announced an attack 
 on Salmon Falls, and the murder of twenty-seven of its inhabitants, while 
 fifty-two others had been hurried away into captivity. No time was to 
 be lost ! 
 
 On the 24th of March, a meeting was held, "to consider what is to be 
 done for the present security of the place against the enemy, by sending 
 for help abroad, or to drmo off. " After voting the selectmen " full powers 
 in all respects," the Eecorder informs us that "fi small discourse was 
 opened about the then state of the Town, how to stand against the Enemy, 
 
 " Mr. Rolfe was chaplain to the forces sent to Falmouth, Maine, from July 14th to November 14tht 
 1689, and probably came to this town soon after his return from that Province, — State. Arch. Vol. ii, p. 49. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 155 
 
 and to see for a livelyliood for hereafter, if lives of the people should be 
 spared ; But it soon ceased and was given over, and nothing done that was 
 to satisfaction in that affair, the people heing out of a way for their own 
 subsistence ; and therefore the Moderator declared the meeting closed." 
 
 Eeader, mark the deep significance of that language. So imminent to 
 them seemed the danger, and so feeble the resistance that they could offer, 
 unaided and alone, that it was seriously debated, whether it was not best 
 to draw off — to abandon the town entirely, and seek safety in some less 
 exposed place ! How must the mother's heart have sunk within her, when 
 the husband and father returned from that meeting, with no word of hope 
 or comfort for herself or her little ones. As the sun withdrew that day, 
 and left the hills and valleys of Pentucket enshrouded in darkness, so the 
 bright sun of hope withdrew from the hearts of its inhabitants, and left 
 them buried in the dark shadows of despondency, and fearful appre- 
 hension. 
 
 As a means of defense, the selectmen appointed six garrisons, and four 
 "houses of refuge."- One of the garrisons was commanded by Sergeant 
 John Haseltine. This house stood on the north side of the road, about 
 half way up Pecker s Hill, and a few rods northwesterly from that for- 
 merly occupied by Samuel Pecker. Haseltine had seven men under his 
 command: — Onesiphorus Marsh, sen., Onisephorus Marsh, jun., Nathan- 
 iel Haseltine, Eben Webster, Joseph Holt, Thomas Ayer, and Joseph 
 Bond. 
 
 This garrison was owned by Onesiphorus Marsh, sen., who was the an- 
 cestor of those of that name in this town. The first notice we have of him, 
 is in 1&84, when he built the house above described.! He owned the 
 principal part of that hill, and for many years it was known by the name 
 of Marsh's Hill. The name was once generally spelt Mash. Another ac- 
 count states that the garrison was commanded by Jonathan Marsh. 
 
 Another was commanded by Sergeant John Webster ; this, MiricJc sup- 
 posed, was the brick house which stands on the bank of the river, three 
 fourths of a mile east of the bridge, and formerly occupied by Widow 
 Nathaniel Whittier, but now owned and occupied by Joseph B. Spiller ; 
 but, as that house was not built until 1724, Mirick must have been mis- 
 taken. It was, perhaps, located somewhere in that vicinity. Webster 
 had eight men under his command : — Stephen Webster, Samuel Watts 
 Nicholas Brown, Jacob AVhittaker, John Marsh, Eobert Ford, Samuel 
 Ford, and Thomas Kingsbury. 
 
 " It is not certain that all these were appointed at that time, but most probably they were, 
 t Perhaps he came from Hingham, as we find the same name in that town, in 1674. 
 
156 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 The third was owned and commanded by Jonathan Emerson ; a part of 
 it is now standing on the northwest corner of Winter and Harrison streets. 
 
 The fourth was commanded by James Ayer, and stood nearly ojjposite 
 the house of the late Captain John Ayer, 2d, on Pond street. 
 
 The fifth was commanded by Joseph Bradley, and was situated in the 
 northerly part of the town, not far from the house of the late Zebulon Sar- 
 gent ; it was long since torn down, and no traces of it now remain. 
 
 The sixth was owned and commanded by Captain John White ; and was 
 situated near the " White " house, on Mill street. Hehad six men under his 
 command: — Stephen Dow, sen,, Stephen Dow, juu., John Dow, Edward 
 Brumidge, Israel Hendrick, Israel , jun. 
 
 Two brick houses, belonging to Joseph and Nathaniel Peaslee; in the 
 easterly part of the town, and the houses of Major Nathaniel Saltonstall 
 and Captain Simon Wainwright, were appointed for houses of refuge. A 
 few soldiers were stationed in them, who were under the command of the 
 owners. Two watch-houses were erected, one of which stood near the house 
 occupied by the late John Dow, on Main street, and the other was .on the 
 bank of the river, a few rods east of the " Duncan Place," on Water street. 
 The houses of Joseph and Nathaniel Peaslee are yet standing ; the former 
 was owned by the late Nathan Sawyer, and stands a short distance east of 
 the latter, which is now owned and occupied by Captain Jesse Newcomb, 
 and is situated about two miles east of Haverhill Bridge. 
 
 The house of Mr. Saltonstall stood on the site of that of the Widow 
 Samuel W. Duncan. That of Captain Simon Wainwright, stood on the site 
 of the " Emerson House," opposite AYinter Street Church. 
 
 The school-house, which stood on what is now Pentiicket Cemetery, was 
 also used for the same purpose. A guard of soldiers was stationed in each 
 of these houses, who were on the look-out for the enemy, night and day. 
 
 Besides these garrisons, and houses of refuge, many private houses were 
 barracaded, and the inhabitants generally were prepared for any emergency. 
 
 " Most of the garrisons, and two of the houses of refuge, (those belong- 
 ing to Joseph and Nathaniel Peaslee) were built of brick, and were two 
 stories high ; those that were not built of this material, had a single laying 
 of it between the outer and inner walls. They had but one outside door, 
 which was often so small that but one person could enter at a time ; their 
 windows were about two feet and a half in length, eighteen inches in 
 breadth, and were secured on the inside with iron bars. Their glass was 
 very small, cut in the shape of a diamond, was extremely thick, and fas- 
 tened in with lead instead of putty. There were generally but two rooms 
 in the basement story, and tradition says that they entered the chamber 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 157 
 
 with the help of a ladder, instead of stairs, so that the inmates could re- 
 treat into them, and take it up if the basement-story should be taken by 
 the enemy. Their fire-places were of such enormous sizes, that they could 
 burn their wood sled-length, very conveniently ; and the ovens opened on 
 the outside of the building, generally at one end, behind the fire-place ; 
 and were of such dimensions that we should suppose a sufficient quantity 
 of bread might have been baked in them to supply a regiment of hungry 
 mouths. 
 
 It was truly an age of terror with these hardy and courageous men ; and 
 their descendants can have but a faint idea of the cflfficulties they encoun- 
 tered, and of the dangers that continually hung over their heads, threatening 
 every moment to overwhelm them like a torrent. Almost every man was 
 a soldier, and many, who lived in remote parts of the town, moved, with 
 their families, into the vicinity of a garrison, v)r a house of refuge. 
 
 This was the case with Stephen Dow and his son, who lived in the east 
 part of the town, and moved near to the garrison of Capt. John White. 
 The Indians had a peculiar whistle, which was made by placing both hands 
 to the mouth, and was known to be their call. It was frequently heard 
 in the adjacent woods, and tradition says, that Stephen Dow, jun., was 
 the only person in the garrison who could exactly imitate it ; and that he 
 frequently concealed himself, and endeavored to decoy them withiu the 
 range of the soldiers' bullets. But it does not say that he ever suc- 
 ceeded. "■■•' 
 
 April 7th, another meeting was held, "to consider what may, & is to 
 be done, as to sending to the Council or General Court f(?r their afi"ording 
 help to this place by soldiers, as it is a frontier town, exposed to great 
 danger, &c." 
 
 At this meeting, it was "Voted and agreed by the Town that a petition 
 be drawn up & sent by a meet hand to the Council and General Court, to 
 have sent to us, as we are a frontier town, upon the Country's charges, 40 
 men at least, to be a constant daily scout, to keep out without the outmost 
 garrisons, and in constant service, so as to watch the enemy & prevent & 
 surprise them, or give notice to others within, that they may be encouraged 
 to do somewhat in order to future livelyhood, and in case of need to stand 
 for their lives." 
 
 Cornet Peter Ayer was " particularly made choice of to present, prefer, 
 & prosecute " the petition. 
 
 o Mirick, 
 
158 HISTOKY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 In answer to the petition of the town, soldiers were sent from Newbury, 
 and other places, to Haverhill, Amesbury, and Salisbury.* 
 
 Scarcely had the inhabitants made their preparations for defence and 
 security, ere the murderous savages were again in their vicinity. 
 
 On the 5 th of July, eight persons were killed at Exeter ; and two days 
 afterward, three were killed at Amesbury. It was no longer safe to ven- 
 ture out of doors, except in armed parties, or in the immediate vicinity 
 of the garrisons, where watch was kept night and day for the enemy. 
 None knew when or where an attack would be made, and the only safety 
 was in strongly fortified garrisons, armed soldiers, and constant watch- 
 fulness. 
 
 Immediately after the news of the attacks at Exeter and Amesbury 
 reached Haverhill, Major Saltonstall despatched a messenger to the Coun- 
 cil, at Boston, with an urgent appeal for immediate aid. The following 
 is his letter, copied from the original in the Archives of the State : — 
 
 Havll: July 10: 1690, at almost 3 
 afternoon ; 
 Hond: Gentlemen 
 
 I am now by ye Posts from Salisbury put upon hurrying up a line or 
 two to yor: selves, & bee: of my shortness of time I cannot stand to enter 
 ye abreviate of ye 2 Lres: to me ; & yrf : I have sent them to your selves 
 by ye same hands yt brought ym to me ; & pray that ye Lres: may by ye 
 same hands be returnd, (wc yy promise if it be permitted.) 
 
 I shal but add ^ few words ; Capt: Buswells request I judg rationall, 
 & most necessary to be attended ; I can as I wrote by Lt: Johnson of 
 Almsbury on monday last say. That Havll: hath as much need of present 
 & setled assistance as any place ; I beseech you cast us not off ; or give 
 us comand to draw off. I do not think it much to avail but as a present 
 satisfaction yt men visit us affr: mischeif is done us ; for before yy can be 
 wth us ye enimie is hidden or gone, & nothing to be done but for ye men 
 to return, unless yy would stay as men in service, or occasion shal offer. 
 Indeed ye charg is grt:, but tho: all are not, yet some are willing to bear 
 their part. Foot men are most advisable, & serviceable & so, in ye end, 
 
 o About this time, one Isaac Morrill, a native of New Jersey, came to Xewbiiry, to entice Indians and 
 Negroes to leave their masters and go with him, saying that the English should be cut off, and the Negroes 
 should be free. He was arrested. May 29. 1690, and sent to Ipswich for trial. Their intention was, to 
 take a vessel out of the dock at Newbury, go to Canada, join the French, and come down upon the back 
 side of the country, and save none but the negroes and Indians. They intended to come with four or five 
 hundred Indians, and three hundred Canadians, between Haverhill and Amesbury, over Merrimack river, 
 near " Indian river by Archelaus hill on the backside of John Emery's meadow and destroy, and then they 
 might easily destroy such small towns as HaverhiU and Amesbury." — Coffin Hist. Newbury, 153. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 159 
 
 it will he found ; excepting only a very few to be imployed in carrying or 
 fetching newes ; men complain more of difficulty to provide for horses 
 than for many more men. 
 
 The Ld: be yor Counsellor & guid in all these difficulties ; Let us have 
 a speedy dispatch of the Posts, Philip Grele, & Wm Hely both of Salisb: 
 yt I may give accot: to ym yt send to me ; I am not in a capacity to help 
 ym, but want men for or necessary defence ; & orders to keep or own 
 men to duty upon their peril, & for their being sent to Boston for judgmt 
 according to yr desert, yt is, some of ym. I am Gentlemen 
 
 your true servant 
 
 IST: Saltonstall 
 
 On the 31st of August, as Samuel Parker, and a small boy, were engaged 
 in curing hay in the East Parish, at the east-meadow, a party of Indians 
 surprised them, and shot Parker dead on the spot. The boy ran in an op- 
 posite direction from the smoke of the assailants, and by concealing himself 
 in the tall grass, escaped uninjured, and was the first to bear the melan- 
 cholly tidings of Parker's death to his family.-' 
 
 September 21st, is memorable for an attack- on Casco, in which eight 
 persons were killed, and twenty -four wounded. This was the last foray of 
 that season, and the Indians, according to their custom, gradually withdrew 
 as winter approached, toward Canada. 
 
 Believing that the inhabitants could now, for the winter months at least, 
 take care of themselves, the General Court (Oct. 10) ordered "that Maj 
 Saltonstall do dismiss home the scout of ten troopers appointed to be em- 
 ployed between Haverhill & Salisbury by direction of the said Major for 
 security of said towns in the time of harvest." On the 22d of the same 
 month, they ordered that all the garrison soldiers posted in the towns of 
 Haverhill, Salisbury, and Amesbury, be forthwith dismissed. Two weeks 
 afterward, (iSTov. 7) all the officers and soldiers at Piscataqua were ordered 
 home ; and a few weeks still later, (Dec. 13) one-third of all the eastern 
 garrisons were disbanded. 
 
 While the inhabitants were thus surrounded by all the horrors of savage 
 warfare, the small pox broke out among them. This loathsome disease 
 was then but little understood, and was much more terrible to encounter 
 
 ° The following douttless refers to this attack, though the account is far from correct : — ■ 
 "This morne about seven ye the clock news came to me from Rowley yt Majr Saltonstall sent to New- 
 berry : vizt, yt two men of Haverhill was in the evening last night about three miles out of the towne 
 lookig after their come: their fields were about fift rods one from the other; each about their owne ; one 
 of them is escaped who heard a gun which he supposed to be shot at ye other man it espying Indians Run 
 for it but saith yt he heard at least ten more guns & ye man not returning he is supposed to be killed, for 
 he that escaped heard them give a Grat Shout." — Extract from a Letter of Samuel Ajipleton, of Ips- 
 wich, to the Governor. September 1, 1690. 
 
160 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 than at tlie present day ; and we need not wonder that the town was 
 greatly alarmed. A pest-house was erected on the hill east of the house 
 of the late Joseph Bradley, to which the infected were removed. But few, 
 however, died of the disease. 
 
 Mirick says, " We can learn of hut six persons who died with this dis- 
 ease. They were Abraham Hendrick, Mary Ford, and her daughter Mary, 
 Josiah Starling, Euth Hartshorne, and Thomas Marsh. The records say 
 that John Stockbridge ' went to sea & died of the small pox,' " 
 
 Taking advantage of the short respite from savage incursion, the town 
 again turned their attention to the matter of securing a minister. 
 Mr. Eolfe had now been laboring among them a year, and was so well 
 liked, that a meeting was called (Dec. 31) to see about securing his " fur- 
 ther help in the ministry." They unanimously voted to do so, if they 
 could, and a committee was chosen to treat with him. 
 
 At the annual town meeting the following spring, (1691) nothing was 
 done except to choose town officers. With the opening of spring, the in- 
 habitants feared fresh outrages by the Indians, and they had little heart 
 to engage in anything except measures for the support and defense of their 
 families. 
 
 On the 16th of June, John Eobie, of this town, was killed by the sav- 
 ages. Warned by the impending danger, Eobie had taken his family from 
 his own dwelling, to a house of refuge, that stood where the house of Ben- 
 jamin Clement now stands, in the North Parish. He was returning from 
 this mission with his cart and oxen, and had reached about midway of the 
 burying-ground, near the residence of Jesse Clement, when a ball struck 
 him down. His son, Ichabod, who was with him, was taken prisoner, but 
 soon after managed to escape, and returned home. Eobie's wife died a 
 few days previously, leaving a family of seven children, the oldest of 
 which was not quite eleven years of age. This doubtless led him to seek 
 safety for them in the house of refuge. A letter from ISTathaniel Salton- 
 stall, to Major Pike, of Newbury, dated "June 15, 1691, 12 at night," 
 states, that Eobie was killed about two hours before sunset, " near the 
 woods near Bradley's." 
 
 At the same attack, Nathaniel Ladd was s^ot, and soon after died of 
 his wounds. 
 
 No further damage was done by the Indians in the vicinity-' until Octo- 
 ber, when, says Hutchinson, "a family was killed at Eowley and one at 
 Haverhill, f Perhaps he had reference to the above persons ; if not, the 
 
 « On the 28th of September, seven persons were killed and captured at Berwick ; and on the following 
 day, between twenty and thirty at Sandy Beach. 
 
 t Vol. 1, p. 359. We find, however, that the History of Rowley places it one year later — 1692. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 161 
 
 name of that family must remain in obscurity, for there is no account of 
 the death of any other person, this year, by the Indians. The family 
 killed at Kowley was named Goodrich. 
 
 The constant state of anxiety and fear in which the colonists were kept 
 during these long and dreary months, and years, may be judged from the 
 fact that in Newbury, which was far less exposed than either of the fron- 
 tier towns, fifty-one persons Jcept xcatch eaoh night. 
 
 The new year brought no brighter prospects, but rather the reverse. 
 On the 5th of February, a large body of French and Indians attacked 
 York, Maine, burned all but three or four garrisoned houses, killed about 
 seventy-five of its inhabitants, and captured eighty-five. The work of 
 slaughter had re-commenced in fearful earnest. 
 
 At the annual meeting of 1692, but little was done except the election 
 of ofiicers. A few applications were made for land, and Samuel Dalton 
 asked permission to build a corn-mill on Mill Brook, but all were refused. 
 The inhabitants were evidently so engrossed in the all important matter of 
 personal security, that they had little courage left for extending their 
 settlement. 
 
 On the 18th of July, Hannah Whittiker, of this town, was killed by the 
 Indians." The particulars of her death are now lost. 
 
 On the same day that Hannah "Whittiker was killed, an attack was made 
 on Lancaster, Mass., and six persons were killed. August 1st, the same 
 n amber were killed at Billerica ; and September 29th, twenty-one were 
 killed and captured at Eye Beach. 
 
 Sometime in August, John Keezar took his scythe and his gun, and 
 went to the Pond Meadow to cut grass. He laid his gun down beside a 
 tree, and while mowing, a short distance from it, an Indian, who had 
 secretly observed his motions, crept silently along, and secured the gun 
 before Keezar was aware of it. The Indian then brought it to his shoul- 
 der, and exultingly exclaimed — "me kill you now." Keezar saw that 
 an attempt to fly would be attended with certain death, and his only re- 
 course was to stratagem. Soon as he saw that the Indian had secured his 
 gun, he faced about and ran toward him, shouting at the top of his voice, 
 swinging his glittering scythe, and threatening to cut him in pieces. This 
 daring conduct, in one whom the Indian expected would fly, or beg for his 
 life, his terrible threatenings, and the formidable appearance of his wea- 
 pon, completely affrighted him ; and he threw down his stolen gun, and 
 
 * Hannah Whittiker was the wife of Abraham Whittiker, Jnn. Her maiden name was " Beame." Sh9 
 was married AprO, 1682. 
 
 21 
 
162 HISTORY OF HAVEUHILL. 
 
 fled for his life. Keezar followed close upon his heels, repeatedly striking 
 at him with his scythe. At length he reached him, and at one stroke, 
 buried it in his bowels." 
 
 The enemy were all around them, continually watching for opportuni- 
 ties to make a successful attack, and the situation of the inhabitants of 
 this town was perilous in the extreme. None knew when or where the 
 blow would fall, but it was daily and hourly expected. In answer to a 
 call for aid. Sir William Phipps ordered twelve soldiers to be sent from 
 Newbury to Haverhill, November 1st, to assist in protecting the town. 
 Happily no other assault was made that season. 
 
 With the return of another winter, came the necessity of again consid- 
 ering the matter of Mr. Eolfe's settlement as minister, and a meeting was 
 called for that purpose. At this meeting, the question, " whether Mr. 
 Benj Eolfe, whom this town hath had experience of in the ministry near 
 three years, shall be the man pitched upon for that work, and to be our 
 settled minister in Haverhill," was " by a full vote," passed in the aflfirm- 
 ative, and a committee was chosen to agree with him. 
 
 December 5th, a meeting was called, to hear the report of the committee,^ 
 which was made in the form of a letter from Mr. Eolfe. The following is 
 a copy : — 
 
 *' Haverhill Nov 21, 1692. 
 To the Town of Haverhill, 
 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 The Committee chosen and appointed by you on Oct 25, 92, to treat 
 with me in order to my settlement among you as your minister ; have been 
 with me and acquainted me as far as they could with the Town's mind in 
 this affair, making some proposals which they thought might be agreea- 
 ble to what you approve of : 
 
 Upon which I make you this brief return — That it is not my design 
 nor desire to propose for what may rationally be thought hard : But only 
 that there may be such a competent, comfortable settlement, as that there- 
 by I, or any that shall be called to be your minister, may be capable to 
 endeavour the discharge of that duty that God requires of persons under 
 such circumstances without distraction. 
 
 The want of this will be uncomfortable to you and your minister : and, 
 That in order hereto I presume that there is no rational man but will 
 think it requisite, that, in such a place as this is, where there is no house for 
 the ministry ; there be (in some convenient place) allotted to him a small 
 
 c Tradition, — Mirick. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 163 
 
 parcel of land, on which lie may at his own cost (with the help of such as 
 shall freely offer thereto) erect an house to dwell in which he may call his 
 own ; and 
 
 Inasmuch as your Committee have proposed to me hy order of the Town, 
 what place in the Town would be most satisfactory to me to dwell in ; — 
 I reply, that I think it beyond me to determine. The Town's pleasure in 
 this matter will doubtless be for accommodation. 
 
 But except the Town can think of a more convenient place, I know no 
 objection against that place on which Nathaniel Smith did formerly dwell, 
 or any near it. 
 
 With respect to a settled yearly maintain, I object not against what the 
 Town by their Committee have already settled on me : Provided, that in 
 convenient season, when the work is doubled, and the Town comes to be 
 under better circumstances, there be such an addition to it, as shall ration- 
 ably be thought requisite. 
 
 Your speedy conclusion upon what hath been proposed will enable me 
 to give you a more full answer : 
 
 In the meantime I remain 
 
 Yours in all christian offices 
 
 Benjamin Eolfe." 
 
 Upon the reading of Mr. Eolfe' s letter, it was voted : — 
 
 " That Mr Benj Eolf, who hath, for about three years been an help here, 
 in the work of the ministry with Mr Ward ; If he please to settle here in 
 the ministerial work shall have, & hereby hath, that piece of land freely 
 bestowed upon him as his own proper estate, which was laid out by the 
 Town's committee June 24, 1681, and approved of, near where Nathaniel 
 Smith formerly lived, and is also joining to that two acres which was given 
 by the Town to Samuel Wilcot." 
 
 The selectmen were, at the same time, directed to treat with the owners 
 about buying Wilcot' s two acres, to be added to the rest. 
 
 Toward the last of the next month, (Jan. 30j 1693) another meeting 
 was called, to see if the town would confirm its vote to settle Mr. Eolfe, as 
 some objections had been made to that meeting, "because of the shortness 
 of warning," The town declared that, " by a clear vot€, it is renewed, 
 allowed of, confirmed, made, and to be stood unto, for the full and free 
 vote of the Inhabitants of Haverhill." There could be no mistaking their 
 intentions this time, most certainly. 
 
 Mr. Eolfe was granted the free and full improvement of the Parsonage 
 farm and meadow, then on lease to Mr. Bradley, so long as he continued 
 in the town as their minister, and also of the Parsonage land bought of 
 
164 HISTORY 01 HATERHILL. 
 
 William Starlin, besides wtat was otherwise appointed him for his 
 annual salary. It was also voted to lay him out, with all convenient 
 speed, ten acres of good meadow, for his free use while he remained their 
 minister. 
 
 We have already alluded to the charter received in 1692. It was a far 
 different instrument from the colonial charter of 1629, and effected a 
 thorough revolution in the country. The form of government, the powers 
 of the people, and the entire foundation and objects of the body politic, 
 were placed upon a new basis. 
 
 Sir William Phipps, the first governor of the province under the new 
 charter, arrived at Boston on the 14th of May, 1692. Writs were imme- 
 diately issued for a general assembly, which convened in the following 
 month, and the government was duly inaugurated. 
 
 These changes in the government of the province, necessitated corres- 
 ponding changes in the organization of towns, and, accordingly, at the 
 next annual meeting of this town, several new ofl&cers were chosen, and 
 the name of the town Eecorder was changed to Town Clerk. 
 
 The following is a list of the first board of town officers under the new 
 charter : — 
 
 Lt John Johnson, lloderator ; Nathl Saltonstall, Toivn Clerk ; Ensign 
 Thomas Eatton, Cornet Peter Ayer, Sergt Eobert Ayer, Sergt John Page, 
 Nathl Saltonstall, Selectmen; Pvobert Swan sen., Samuel Currier, James 
 Sanders, Ensign John White, & Sergt Josiah Gage, Highway Surveyors ; 
 Michael Emerson, Leather Sealer; Ensign Thomas Eatton, Sealer of 
 Weights ^ Measures ; Sergt Josiah Gage, Lieut Saml Ayer, Sergt John 
 Haseltine, Capt Geo Browne, Wm Starlin, & Joseph Johnson sen, Tyth- 
 ing-men ; for Vieivers of Fences, for the West side of the Sawmill Eiver, 
 Ensign Saml Hutchins, Onesiph Mash sen ; — between the West bridge 
 and Mill brook and northward as far as Ephraim Gild's, John Johnson 
 Saml Emerson ; — between the Mill brook and Great Plain, ^gph Pioberts, 
 Israel Hendrick ; — for the Great Plain and fields below that, to the ex- 
 tent of Haverhill bounds, on that quarter to the eastward, Amos Singletery, 
 John Whittier ; — for the northern farms about Wm Starlin's, and in that 
 quarter, Joseph Johnson sen, Christopher Bartlett ; Steven Dow sen. 
 Grand Juror ; Daniel Lad jun, for Jury of Trials. 
 
 At this meeting, Joseph Peasely was granted the privilege of erecting a 
 sawmill " at the head of east meadow river upon the stream by or near 
 Brandy Brow." The location selected was the one still occupied, and 
 known as •' Peaslee's Mills." It is now, and we believe has most of the 
 time, since 1693, been owned by persons of that name. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 165 
 
 We notice that more Ibusiness relating to lands, and similar matters, was 
 done by the town this year, than for several years previously, which indi- 
 cates a returning confidence, and prosperity. No allusions are made to 
 the Indians in the records, and we do not find any mention of persons 
 being killed by them, this year, in the vicinity, except Jonathan Franklin 
 in this town, and one person in Dover. 
 
 May 8th, a town meeting was called, " for the people to join with the 
 church and take care for the providing necessaries for Mr Eolf 's ordina- 
 tion in office in this town." After choosing a Moderator, " the Town 
 resolved to stop in the proceedings till they knew what Mr Ward would 
 abate of his yearly maintanance." The following proposal from him, 
 dated il^ovember 13, 1692, was then read: — 
 
 ♦' In answer to the Town's proposal to me to know what I would abate 
 of my yearly maintenance, and upon what terms they should be with me 
 in case they got another minister to help with me in the ministry, I grant 
 
 In case the Church and Town do procure another Minister to be settled 
 in office in the work of the ministry in Haverhill ; Then from that time 
 and forward I will abate to the Town of what they ought to pay to me by 
 Covenant and Town orders, all, excepting only Twenty pounds in Corn, 
 and Fifty cords of current merchantable cord wood, to be paid as follow- 
 eth, annually, during my life ; viz. 
 
 Ten pounds in merchantable Wheat, and 
 Ten pounds in merchantable Indian, and 
 Fifty cords of Oak and AValnut wood, to be laid in at my house, and corded 
 by one thereto appointed at the Town's charges; for time as followeth, 
 viz : 
 
 Half in October, annually ; and the other Half in February annually. 
 
 Provided that all arrears be truly paid me, and that myself and estate 
 I be exempted from all rates ; and that the Town do appoint one or two 
 men to attend at my house upon a set day to receive and take account of 
 what shall be brought in, and set the price thereof if it be not merchant- 
 able, that so it come not in pitiful driblets as formerly. 
 
 And in case the conditions be not performed within the year, by the 2d 
 of February annually ; then the whole Sixty pounds to be paid annually, 
 according to town orders already made, and so proportionably. 
 
 John Ward." 
 
 After this letter was read, the meeting chose a committee of four, "to 
 go and see what Mr Ward will abate of his annual covenanted mainte- 
 
166 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 nance, in order to tte settlement of Mr B Eolf for a minister here." The 
 following is their report : — 
 
 "The messengers, by word of mouth, return Mr Ward's answer: That 
 from and after Mr Eolf 's ordination, he will abate all except Twenty 
 Pounds in Wheat & Indian annually, & Fifty cords of merchantable 
 sound wood corded at his house." 
 
 The town accepted the oflFer. A vote was then passed that "care shall 
 at the Town's charge be taken for a place and provision for entertainment 
 at Mr Eolf 's ordination," provided it did not exceed ten pounds ; but as 
 "several men proclaimed against it with great violence," the vote was 
 nulled. 
 
 The following agreement of the committee with Mr. Eolfe, was then ap- 
 proved and confirmed : — 
 
 " We,='' Eobert Ayer, Peter Ayer, and Steven Dow, who are the present 
 Committee in that affair have covenanted and agreed with said Mr Eolf; 
 and do hereby covenant & agTee, and promise to & with the said Eolf and 
 his heirs and assigns, as the said Committee men, and on behalf of the said 
 Town by virtue of their orders and acts, and because one vote may take off 
 a preceding one by the unsteadiness of a multitude : That Mr Eolf may 
 not be disappointed. We not only for the Town in general, but for our- 
 selves in particular, as the said Town's Committee, and for our successors, 
 do covenant and agree as followeth : 
 
 1. That Mr Benjamin Eolf during the time of his abode in this Town 
 in the work of the ministry, until he is. settled with us in office in that 
 work, shall have paid unto him by the Town Sixty pounds per annum in 
 Wheat, Eye, and Indian Corn, by equal proportions of each, at the price 
 of the grain in the Country rate, at the time of payment. So that the 
 whole may be paid into him, or his order in Haverhill, by the 2d of Feb- 
 ruary annually. 
 
 2. That Mr Eolf out of his Sixty pounds is to provide personal quar- 
 ters for himself as he shall think good. 
 
 3. We the Committee before mentioned do further promise to said Mr 
 Eolf that upon the Town's charge, in convenient season annually, there 
 shall be laid in for him a sufficient quantity and stock of good, sweet, and 
 dry, and sound Hay for the keeping his horse through the winter at such, 
 place in Haverhill as he shall appoint." 
 
 •" The introductory paragraph, which merely rehearses when and for what the cormnittee were chosen, 
 we have omitted, as unimportant. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 167 
 
 The agreement Is signed by the committee. The following is the letter 
 of Mr. Eolfe, accepting the terms offered : — 
 
 " Haverhill April 29, 1693. 
 
 In answer to the Election of the Town of Haverhill- signified hy public 
 vote at a general orderly meeting with respect to my being their settled 
 minister, and to the call of the Church of Christ there ; 
 
 The Providence of God having so ordered, as to move his people here to 
 invite me to settle among them for the carrying on of the great and solemn 
 work of the ministry of the gospel of Christ, 
 
 I do hold it my duty to consider & take notice of the special Providence 
 of God therein, and therefore do hereby express myself willing to settle 
 among them for that end : viz : 
 
 1st. So long as the people of God here do continue in the profession of 
 the true faith and peace of the gospel — Acts 2:42.* 
 
 2d. So long as I may have the liberty of my ministry among them. 
 
 3d, So long as I can discharge my duty to myself and family, if it shall 
 please God to give me one ; I mean by this. That the Town comply with 
 and duly discharge for the present, that obligation with respect to a yearly 
 maintenance that they by their Committee are now under to me. Grant- 
 ing also to me a supply of wood as soon as I shall stand in need of it. 
 And if it shall please God so to order it that the whole work be devolved 
 upon me, or to bring them out of those difficulties that by occasion of the 
 war they are now under : They gi-ant to me such a supply as that thereby 
 I may so live as a minister of the gospel ought to live, and be able without 
 distraction by wants, to discharge my duty as a minister of Christ to God 
 and yourselves. 
 
 Thus I say I do express myself willing to settle among you with a true, 
 intention and true affection. 
 
 Benjamin Eolfe." 
 
 Having at last seen his successor selected, provided for, and firmly 
 seated in the affections of the people with whom he had himself lived so 
 long, and so happily, and for whose welfare he had devoted the best years of 
 a long life, the venerable John Ward was soon laid beside her whom in life 
 he had loved so well. He died on the 27th of December, 1693, and was 
 buried on the following day, almost in the very shadow of the humble 
 little church where, for nearly a half century, his voice had been heard 
 from Sabbath to Sabbath earnestly pleading with the Father for bless- 
 
 ~- "And they continued steadfastly in the Apostle's doctrine and fellowship, and in breaking of bread, 
 and in prayers." — Acts 2, 42. 
 
168 HISTORY OF HATERHILL. 
 
 ings upon his little flock." Mr. Eolfe, on the day of his ordination, 
 speaking of him, says, that " these four years past have been the happiest 
 and most profitable to me of my whole life. I have had the councils of 
 wisdom and experience, the admonitions of a father and friend, and an ex- 
 ample constantly before me, of undissembled virtue, ardent piety and 
 burning zeal." 
 
 The following is an extract from his will, which bears date May 27, 
 
 leso.f 
 
 " Lord, into thy hands commit I my spirit. Credo languida fide sed 
 tamen fide. 
 
 Concerning that portion of worldly goods which God of his rich bounty 
 hath bestowed upon me, I make this my last will and testament. I give 
 to my beloved son Benja. Woodbridge, and to my beloved daughter, Mary, 
 his wife, one parcell of land containing thirty acres, more or less, lying 
 att the norwest end of the towne of Haverhill, in N. England. " '••' '••' " =■••' 
 I give to my beloved son, Nathl. Saltonstall, and to my beloved daughter, 
 Elizabeth, his wife, my house, and land adjoyning thereto, commonly 
 called the houselott, lying in the town of Haverhill, | =- =••■= " Lastly, I 
 constitute and appoynt my beloved son, Saltonstall, the executor of this 
 my last will and testament, and do hereby make void all former "Wills 
 made by me. 
 
 Witness my hand and seal 
 
 JOHN WAED. [seal.] 
 
 Signed and sealed in the presence of us ; 
 
 William White, Thomas Eaton, Benja. Eolfe. 
 Jan. 23, 92--3, owned before John AVhite." 
 Mr. Eolfe was ordained on th?7th of the January following Mr. Ward's 
 death. 
 
 At the annual meeting for 1694, the town refused to choose Tything- 
 men, (and also a Hayward, Culler of Staves, Field Drivers, and House 
 Ofl&cers,) according to law ; but we find that a few weeks afterward, a 
 town meeting was held " by the order of the Sherifi^," to choose a repre- 
 sentative to the assembly, and tythingmen. The government seem to have 
 allowed the omission of the others, but refused to entertain the idea that a 
 town could get along without tythingmen. The duty of a tythingman was 
 
 « On the 19th, of November, 1693, Mr. Ward, then just entering his eighty-eighth year, preached an ex- 
 cellent sermon, — his last public effort. — Mather. 
 
 t Two months after the death of his wife. 
 
 I This homestead, since known as the "Saltonstall Place," about half a mile east of the Bridge, re- 
 mained in possession of the family until after the Revolution. It is now familiarly known as the ;' Widow 
 Duncan's Place." 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 169 
 
 to preserve good order in the churcli during divine service, and to make 
 complaint of any disorderly conduct. It is but recently that the office 
 was abolished. The writer well remembers when " the tythingman " 
 served as an effectual " bugbear " for juvenile church-goers. 
 
 This year, all the town officers were, for the first time, duly "sworn " 
 to the faithful performance of their several official duties, — a practice 
 which has since become a custom. 
 
 July 2d, a meeting was called to see about the meadow land for the 
 ministry, which had been laid out, but was claimed by Robert Swan, sen., 
 who had prosecuted the town for taking it away from him. The town 
 voted to fight it out with him, "according to law." 
 
 On the 30th of July, a meeting was held, "by command of the 
 Country," to choose assessors, and Captain Simon Wainwright, Ensign 
 John White, and Cornet Peter Ayer were duly chosen and sworn. 
 
 This was the first hoard of assessors chosen by the town. For a few 
 years preceding this, a " commissioner" had been annually chosen to act 
 with the selectmen in taking valuations. 
 
 After nearly two years of comparative freedom from molestation by the 
 Indians, the inhabitants were again alarmed by news of horrible massa- 
 cres, and threatened extermination. 
 
 On the 18th of July (1694-) the settlement at Oyster Kiver was again 
 attacked, and ninety-four of its inhabitants killed and captured. This 
 sad news had hardly reached this town, when another messenger conveyed 
 the intelligence of four more victims at Portsmouth ; and within a week 
 later, Groton was surprised, twenty-two persons killed, and thirteen 
 wounded. The enemy were all around them, and terror sat on every 
 countenance. Three weeks later, five persons were killed at York, and 
 the same week, eight more were added to the long list of victims from 
 Kittery. 
 
 September 4th, two men, Joseph Pike and Richard Long, both of Xew- 
 bury, were slain by the savages as they were travelling, near the north of 
 Pond Plain. " The enemy lay in a deserted house by the way, or in a 
 clump of bushes, or both."« 
 
 Although no other attack was made in this town that year, yet the in- 
 habitants had every reason to expect them, and the strictest watch was 
 kept, day and night, and every pi-ecaution taken to preserve life and pro- 
 
 ° Pike's Journal. Neal, in li\s History of Ne.w England, s.iys. under date of Septomher i. 1694: — 
 "Mr. Jdseph Pike of Newbury. Deputy Sheriff of Essex, travelling with one Long between Aniesbury 
 
 and Haverhill in the exeeution of his office, fell into an Ambuscade of the enemy, and both he and hi 
 
 companion were murdered." 
 
 22 
 
170 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL, 
 
 perty, in case of sucli emergency. Under such circumstances, as we may 
 well suppose, there were occasionally false alarms, when a whole garrison 
 or neighborhood would be thrown into the greatest consternation and fear, 
 without serious cause. One of the most ludicrous of these alarms, occur- 
 red at the garrison commanded by Sergeant Nathaniel Haseltine,'-' which 
 is thus related by Mirick, from tradition : — 
 
 " In the dead of night, when the moon shone fitfully through the ragged 
 clouds, and the winds moaned solemnly oh the wooded hills, the watch, 
 the only person awake in the garrison, perceived something within the 
 paling that surrounded it, which he supposed to be an Indian ; and who 
 was, as he thought, endeavoring to gain an entrance. Being considerably 
 affrighted, he did not wait to consider the object coolly, but raised his 
 musket and fired. The report alarmed the whole garrison. The women 
 and children were awakened from their slumbers, and ran hither and 
 thither like maniacs, expecting that they should fall beneath the tomahawk. 
 The men, equally affrighted, jumped into their breeches as though their 
 lives depended on their speed, seized their guns, and hastened to the port- 
 holes. Every man now displayed his heroism. Volley after volley was 
 fired at the suspicious looking object — but it fell not. There it remained, 
 just as it did when the watch first observed it. This was truly a mystery,, 
 that had no wh^ nor wherefores. It is pi'esumed a consultation was held 
 at this important crisis ; but we have never been informed of the result. 
 Let that be as it may, — they ceased firing, but continued under arms till 
 morning, all prepared for immediate action, and keeping a good look-out 
 for the supposed enemy. At length the morning began to dawn, and all 
 eyes were turned toward the daring intruder. They soon discovered the 
 cause of their alarm — and what do you suppose it was, reader ? Why, 
 it was nothing but an old maid's black quilted petticoat, which she had 
 washed the day previous, hung it on the clothes-line to dry, and neglected 
 to take it in at night. When it was taken down, every part of it was 
 pierced with bullet-holes, and, for aught we know, the poor old maid had 
 no other to wear. It is thought that those excellent marksmen ought to 
 have provided her with another — and doubtless they did." 
 
 In 1695, the annual meeting was held on the first Tuesday in March, 
 according to an Act of the Assembly, 
 
 At this meeting, Peter Patie applied for permission to build a grist mill 
 at east meadow river, but was denied. For some reasons, now unknown, 
 there was great delay and difficulty in getting such a mill erected on that 
 stream. Many years previously, Andrew Greelee applied for, and received 
 
 TUe one at Pecker's HilL 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 171 
 
 permission to erect such a mill there, - and partly built a dam, but, for 
 some reason, abandoned the enterprise, and nothing more was done about 
 it for several years. In 1694, Nathaniel Whittier applied for the privi- 
 lege, but he wanted twelve acres of land as a bonus, which the town 
 thought too much. They offered him the use of four acres, which he re- 
 fused, and the same offer being then opened to any one who would accept, 
 Joseph Greelee and Joseph Peasely agi-eed to erect the mill ; but they also 
 failed to doit, and, in 1696, the town gave Samuel Currier and Joseph 
 Oreelee permission to buikl, and allowed them the use of ten acres of land 
 for their accommodation and encouragement. But it seems that they did 
 not make much progress that year, for Peter Patie applied to the town the 
 next spring for the same privilege. The town refused Patie, because they 
 were already under obligations to Currier and Greelee, who, we believe, 
 soon after erected such a mill. It was located at the place known for 
 many years as Johnson'' s Mill, about one-fourth of a mile from the mouth 
 of the stream. 
 
 For the first time, the town this year chose a Town Treasurer. Lieu- 
 tenant Samuel Ayer was the person selected. Mr. Eolfe applying for wood, 
 the town voted him fifteen cords a year, for three years. John Gild 
 offered the town sixteen pounds for " the side hill adjoining Great Pond," 
 which offer was accepted. He was to pay " one third currant money, one- 
 third good Indian corn, & one third good fat neat cattle fit for slaughter." 
 
 The matter of bounds between this town and Amesbury came before 
 the town again this year, after a quiet rest for many years. This time, as 
 before, Amesbury commenced the agitation. The town ordered the select- 
 men to see that the matter was settled forthwith. They evidently had no 
 desire for an extended controversy. 
 
 The selectmen were also ordered to attend to the settling of " schools of 
 learning" in town, and "to settle a suitable school-master, according to 
 law." 
 
 Among the records of this year, we find a copy of a receipt from the 
 State Treasurer, for " eight wolves heads at six shillings eight pence, in 
 full for thirty thousand poimds assessment." Something of a discount, 
 we think. 
 
 At an adjournment of the annual meeting, the same year, it was ordered 
 that the meeting-house " be forthwith repaired so far as is necessary for 
 our present use of the place ; till we may be better fitted and provided 
 with a new one." Immediately upon this vote being declared, the ques- 
 tion was put " whether, when the Town builds a new Meeting house, it 
 shall be set in the same place where the old house stands." This was, by 
 
172 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 a full vote, decided in the negative. It was then proposed, " whether tic^ 
 next meeting house for this Town, when built, shall be set upon the Com- 
 mon land near John Keyzar's & Lieut Johnson's new dwelling places." 
 This was decided " plentifully in the affirmative," only Captain Browne, 
 John Whittier, and Samuel Currier dissenting. It was then voted '• that 
 a new meeting house shall be built forthwith, with what speed may be," 
 and a committee was chosen to " treat with men abroad " about doing the 
 work, and report their proposals to the town. 
 
 The next we hear of the matter, is in May of the next year, when a 
 meeting was called to see whether the town would build a new meeting- 
 house, or repair the old one. 
 
 They voted to build a new one, and chose a committee " to look out a 
 workman that can & will engage to do the work by the lump, or great, for 
 money." They were " to look out & view some meeting houses for dimen- 
 sions," and then propose the work to some person or persons, either at 
 home or abroad- 
 
 On the 23th of July, the committee reported that they had "been abroad 
 at several towns, taking dimensions of several meeting houses, and having 
 an account of the cost of them," and " after bartering with divers work- 
 man," found Sergeant John Hasel tine "the most inclinable to build of 
 any one." Haseltine offered to build a meeting-house fifty feet long, forty- 
 two feet wide, and eighteen feet stud, "finishing the same within 
 & without, with seats, pulpit, galleries, windows, doors, floors, & stairs," 
 after the pattern of the Beverly meeting-house, and doing the sides after 
 the style of the Reading meeting-house, finding all material, for four hun- 
 dred pounds, money. After a long debate about the place for the house 
 to stand, and the price proposed, the dimensions proposed were accepted, 
 and the meeting closed without further action. 
 
 Nothing more was done about the matter until April 10, 1697, when 
 another meeting was called for that special purpose. This time, the town 
 voted that " there be a meeting house forthwith framed," and chose a 
 committee to agree with Sergeant John Haseltine, or any other man, about 
 the work. They were to agree for the whole work and material, even "to 
 turning of the key," and were limited to four hundred pounds in money. 
 The house was to have " a Turret for a bell," and it was agreed to set it 
 " at the place by Lieut John White's and Mr Samuel Dalton's." 
 
 But the end was not yet. In June, anotber meeting was called 
 to consider the committee's report. After "much discourse and difference 
 about the place where the new meeting house should be erected," it was 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 173 
 
 roted to call another meeting of the town before deciding the matter. 
 Accordingly, on the 5th of July, the inhabitants again assembled, to con- 
 sider the vexed question. Upon the question of location for the new 
 meeting house, "paper votes were called for," and with the following 
 result" : — 
 
 " For the old place that now is 25f 
 
 For the common land near Keyzar's 53." 
 
 Paper votes were then called for, in choosing a new committee to go on 
 with the work, and Captain Samuel Ayer, Corporal Peter Ayer, and En- 
 sign John Page, were declared chosen. The committee were then granted 
 full powers, within the previously mentioned limits, as to cost. 
 
 So strong, however, appears to have been the opposition to the new loca- 
 tion, that the matter of building progressed very slowl}', and one year 
 after the above meeting, (July 4, 1698,) another was called " by warrant 
 from a Justice of the Peace," on petition of eight of the inhabitants, who 
 desired that a committee might be chosen " to hear all pleas on both sides, 
 and determine where the new frame should be raised." In this request, 
 thirty- three more joined. The Moderator then called for the names of 
 those opposed to having such a commitee, " which was drawn and brought 
 in,"?' and, being counted, numbered sixty-three names ; upon which he de- 
 clared against having any such committee, and the meeting dissolved. 
 
 Summer passed, autumn came and went, and when winter again ap- 
 proached, the work on the new meeting house had progressed so far that it 
 was, by many, thought advisable to meet in it for worship. 
 
 A meeting was therefore called by the selectmen, to consider " whether 
 the people should meet this winter at the old meeting house, or at that 
 which is of new erected at Widow Keyzar's." " Votes were called for by 
 personal appearance and entering their names," and " thirty four persons 
 entered their names for their meeting at the new house as soon as the glass 
 windows are finished & set up," while eighteen persons voted for continu- 
 
 ^ This was probably very near the whole number of legal voters in town, as the business doubtless called 
 
 out the full strt-iigth of the voters. 
 
 t Nathl Saltonstallt John Currierf Jona'n Eattonf Tho Whittierf 
 
 Peter Greent Amos Singleteryt Joseph Greeleef John Eattonf 
 
 F.lisha Davist Samuel Curriert John Page Junf Benj Page 
 
 Daniel Elaf Joseph Peasly sent Robert Clement jun Ric Hazent 
 
 Jotham Hendrickf Joseph Whittierf Geo Brownef James Sanders sen 
 
 Cornelius Page Ric Whittierf Ens Eattonf Abiel Mercerf 
 
 Those to whose names is annexed a (f) also entered their protest against the subsequent action of 
 the meeting. 
 
174 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 ing in tlie old meeting-liouse, " till a new meeting house be quite 
 finished."" 
 
 It being thus decided to remove, the selectmen were chosen "to deter- 
 mine the places, and what room shall be allowed to such as shall desire to 
 have pews in the new meeting house ; and to whom it shall be allowed ; 
 They being at the cost for the making of them for their own use as is 
 usual in other places ; any other form for- seats formerly thought of not* 
 withstanding." 
 
 The Eecorder informs us that '* much discourse was held about pulling 
 up the seats in the old meeting house to set up at a new place for the px"e- 
 sent meeting house ; but it was fully opposed, and reasons given, & 
 therefore was not put to vote." 
 
 This closed the proceedings of that meeting, and we find no reference to 
 the subject again until the following October, (Oct. 24, 1699,) when a 
 town meeting was called, " for the further consideration and settlement of 
 the aff'airs belonging to the new meeting house." 
 
 At this meeting, the committee last chosen reported that room had been 
 allowed eight persons to make themselves pews in the new meeting-house 
 at their own costf ; and after some " discourse about the new meeting 
 house, and the receiving it for the end it was built for," a committee was 
 chosen and sent forth to view it, and see if it was done according to agree* 
 ment, and if the town should accept it or not. (It is worthy of remark 
 that the chairman of the committee, Nathaniel Saltonstall, had all along 
 opposed the location of the new house, and had voted against most or all 
 of the propositions in favor of building it.) 
 
 The committee attended to their duty, and submitted the following re* 
 port to the same meeting : — 
 
 "Haverhill Oct 24, 1699. 
 
 We, the Committee above named, this day chosen, forthwith attended 
 to the work we were appointed to examine, view, and pass our thoughts 
 
 '' Those who voted atrainst the removal, were the same persons who previously voted against the pro- 
 posed location of the new meeting house. The following persons voted for the change : — 
 
 Ensign John Page Nathl Haseltine Steph Dow sen James Sanders 
 
 Sergt John Haseltine John Simmons John Mash Wm Johnson 
 
 Joseph Bond John Dow Joseph Page Benj Emerson 
 
 Saml Ayer jun Ensign Samuel Hutchins Matt Herriman sen Benj Hutchins 
 
 Jos Johnson sen Jno Johnson smith Ephraim Gild Josiah Gage 
 
 Jos Kingsberry Mich Emerson Onis: Marsh Eph Roberds 
 
 Daniel Ela James Ford Eobt Ayer Jos Heath 
 
 Tho Kingsbery Jos Emerson Joseph Ayer 
 
 Jno Stevens sen Jona Emerson Sam: Smith 
 
 t Capt. S. Wainwright, Capt. Samuel Ayer, Nath. Saltonstall, Serjt. John Haseltine, Lieut. John 
 ' White, Widow Hannah Ayer and son, Ens. John Page, Sergt. Josiah Gage. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 175 
 
 upon, and make our return to the Town in order to their further proceed. 
 Do unanimously say 
 
 We have viewed the house without and within, and have measured the 
 house in its length, breadth, & height, and find them all to exceed the 
 covenant dimensions : That is to say, in length upwards of 8 inches ; in 
 the breadth also better than 8 inches ; and in the height of the stud be- 
 tween sill and plate about 12 inches : and the outsides to be well fitted and 
 comely ; and for the work within we find, and account it to be good, sub- 
 stantially, well & commendably done, with respect to the walls, pulpit, 
 and seats below and in the galleries ; and cannot but say, we like and well 
 approve of the work ; and therefore we humbly propose to the Town now 
 assembled to accept of the same as to the work and workmans part, in 
 said Covenant, his additions being much for the better. And he having 
 appeared to be honest, and honestly faithful to his word, we have taken 
 his word for some small matters to be farther done to the seat or pew for 
 the minister's wife & children, and to make troughs or gutters on the sides 
 of the house at the eves to carry the water that comes ofi" the roof from 
 the sides, so that it may fall at the corners : which said work tho necessary, 
 is beyond what he was obliged unto by covenant. And we again do pray 
 that the Town will accept of his work with thankfulness to him for his 
 care & pains, & take care that the Town's part for payment be also faith- 
 fully & seasonably performed. 
 
 Witness, Xath. Saltonstall, 
 
 Simon Wainwright, 
 Lt John White, 
 Capt John Whittier, 
 Daniel Ela," 
 
 Upon the reading of the above, "the Town by their unanimous vote, 
 without any one voting to the contrary, granted their acceptance of the 
 Committee's return, above written, and of the New meeting house accord- 
 ing thereunto." 
 
 It was then long debated whether a committee should be chosen " to 
 seat the people in the long seats in the new meeting house before it should 
 he met in," but being opposed, no vote was taken.-'^ 
 
 The town then formally voted that the new meeting-house should be the 
 place where the people should in future " meet and attend for the constant 
 worship of God." 
 
 <' From this, it is evident that no meetings had as yet been held in the new house, notwithstanding the 
 vote of the previous fall. 
 
176 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 Immediately upon this, " Joseph Peasely &c. moviug that the Town 
 would allow him & others to meet at the new meeting house for, and in 
 their way of worship : which is accounted to be for Quakers : It was read 
 & refused to be voted upon."--' 
 
 November 20th, a meeting was called to choose a committee "to place 
 or seat the people in the new meeting house, that they may know where to 
 sit, & not disorderly crowd upon one another, and be uncivil in the time 
 of God's worship." 
 
 Such a committee was accordingly chosen, and instructed how to proceed 
 in assigning seats to the inhabitants. A committee wds also chosen, to 
 seat the first committee, " so that there may be no grumbling at them, for 
 picking for, and placing themselves." The seating committee were subse- 
 quently allowed six shillings each for performing that duty. 
 
 Having at last, after years of effort, and many warm discussions, pleas- 
 antly and contentedly settled themselves in their new and commodious 
 meeting-house, the town bid adieu to the old one in the following lan- 
 guage : — 
 
 " It is voted and granted that Capt Samuel Ayer, & Nath: Saltonstall 
 be, and are hereby empowered to the best advantage they can to dispose 
 of our old meeting house, for the public benefit of the said Town, for the 
 use of a school house, or a watch-house, or a house of shelter or shed to set 
 horses in, for all or any one, or more of them as they can meet with chap- 
 men." 
 
 This is the last we hear of the old meeting-house, where, for half a cen- 
 tury, the good people of the town had regularly assembled from week to 
 week, for divine worship ; and around which, it would seem, some of their 
 most pleasant and cherished thoughts and recollections must have clustered. 
 " A shed to set horses in ! " Sad, indeed, was the fate of the little pio- 
 neer meeting-house of Pentucket. 
 
 A view of the second meeting-house, taken after a steeple had been 
 added, was, many years afterward, painted on a panel over the mantle- 
 piece in the front room of the " Harrod House," which stood a little north of 
 the present Town Hall. In order to preserve the painting, the panel was sub- 
 sequently cut out, and has been carefully preserved in the family to this 
 time. It is now in the possession of Charles H. Stebbins, Esq., of Staten 
 Island, (a grandson of Mr. Harrod,) who kindly furnished the drawing 
 from which our engraving is executed. The painting must have been made 
 
 ° Joseph Peaslee (or Peasely) was the son of Joseph, an emigrant settler, who was made a freeman in 
 1642 ; settled in Newbury ; went to Haverhill previous to 16-16 ; thence to Salisbury, (now Amesbury) 
 where he died December 3, 1660. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 177 
 
 Taetween 1750 and 1766. .The building near tlie meeting-Louse, was 
 probably the one erected in 1723, for the double purpose of a watch- 
 house and a school-house. 
 
 «S 
 
 The Puritan Sabbath in the villages of New England commenced on 
 Saturday afternoon. Xo labor was performed on the evening which prece- 
 ded the Lord's day, . Early on Sunday morning the blowing of a horn in 
 •some places announced that the hour of worship was at hand. In other 
 villages, a flag was hung out of the rude building occupied by the church. 
 At Cambridge, a drum was beat in military style ; at Salem, a bell indi> 
 cated the opulence of that city. 
 
 The public religious services usually commenced at nine in the morning, 
 and occupied six to eight hours, divided by an intermission of one hour 
 for dinner. The people collected quite punctually, as the law compelled 
 their attendance, and there was a heavy fine for any one that rode fast to 
 meeting. The sexton called upon the minister and escorted him to church 
 in the same fashion that the Sheriff now conducts the Judge into our State 
 Courts. 
 
 There were few pews in the churches, and the congregation had places as* 
 signed them upon the rude benches, at the annual town meeting, according 
 to their age, importance, and social standing. A person was fined if he 
 occupied the seat of another. Our local histories reveal that pride, envy, 
 and jealousy, were active passions among the men of olden times, and it 
 was a delicate and difficult business to " seat the meeting-house," as it was 
 quaintly called. 
 23 
 
178 mSTORY OF HAVERniLL, 
 
 Many of the early churches of New England had two clergymen — one, 
 who was called the pastor; the other, the teacher. The congregation 
 assembled at an early hour — never later than nine o'clock. After prayer, 
 a chapter from the Bible was read by one of the ministers, and expounded 
 at length. In many of the churches, however, the Bible was not read at 
 all, and it took years of agitation to carry that innovation. A psalm in 
 metre was next sung, which was dictated line by line to the congregation. 
 This service was usually performed by one of the deacons. The preacher 
 did not take part in the introductory services. 
 
 The baptisms, cases of church discipline and collections, always took 
 place in the afternoon. The " long " prayer usually occupied from an hour 
 to an hour and a half, and many of the sermons of this period make from 
 a hundred to a hundred and fifty pages. There was a contribution every 
 Sunday, preceded by an appeal from one of the deacons. The boxes were 
 not carried around, but the congregation arose and proceeded i) the dea- 
 con's seat, and deposited their offerings. The magistrates and "brief 
 gentlemen " walked up first, the elders next, and then followed the "com- 
 mon people." 
 
 The trials- of ecclesiastical offenders, at the close of the services, often 
 afforded much excitement and amusement ; for some offences a particular 
 dress was worn, and the "confession" of the offender was listened to with 
 much interest. Oftentimes the public services were continued until after 
 sunset. After the benediction, the ministers passed out of the church, 
 bowing to- people on both sides of the aisle, as they all sat in silence until 
 the clergymen and their families had gone out. Few persons, we imagine, 
 would be willing to go back to these Sunday ceremonies of the Puritaa 
 Sabbath. 
 
HISTOET OF HAVERHILL. 179 
 
 CHAPTER XIIL 
 
 1695 TO 1700. 
 
 In tlie latter part of the preceding chapter, we omitted matters of the 
 gravest importance, in order to give a connected account of the locating 
 and building of the second meeting-house in the town ; and we therefore 
 return to the record of IGOd, to comj^lete our history of events, during the 
 period mentioned. 
 
 The tomahawk and the scalping knife were not yet laid aside, and the 
 frontier towns continued to be laid under tribute for victims to satiate 
 savage vengeance. 
 
 The first appearance of the Indians this season, (169o) was at Exeter, 
 where two persons were killed, July 7. The next was at Billerica, August 
 5, when ten were killed and five carried away captive. About the same 
 time, two persons were wounded in this town,- and two boys were cap- 
 tured. The following account of the latter, we copy from MiricJc : — 
 
 " Early in the fall, a party of Indians appeared in the northerly part 
 of the town, where they surprised and made prisoners of Isaac Bradley, 
 aged fifteen, and Joseph Whittaker, aged eleven-, who were at work in the 
 open fields near Joseph Bradley's house. f The Indians instantly retreated 
 with their prisoners, with-oat committing any further violence, and pursued 
 their journey through tlie wilderness until they arrived at their homes, on 
 the shores of the' "Winuipisoge. Isaac, says tradition, was rather small in 
 stature, but full of vigor, and very active ; and he certainly possessed 
 more shrewdness than most of the boys of that age. But Joseph was a 
 large, overgrown boy, and exceedingly clumsy in his movements. 
 
 "Immediately after their arrival at the Lake, the two boys were placed 
 in an Indian family, consisting of the man, his squaw, and two or three 
 children. "While they were in this situation, they soon became so well 
 
 • Belknap. The persons here alluded to were, ■nithoiit doubt, two children of Al^raham Whittaker, 
 as may be seen from the following extract from the record of March 6, 1705: — 
 
 "At the motion of Capt. Saml Ayer, voted that the present selectmen on tho Town's cost pay 
 Doctr Bradstreet for what he did fur Abraham Whittaker's children towards their cure; and also to 
 pay John Stephens sen. for digging a grave for some of the said Whittaker's family, which were killed by 
 the Indians." 
 
 The digging of the gi-ave was probably for Whittaker's wife, Hannah, who was killed by the Indians 
 July 18, 1G92. 
 
 t Bradley lived on the Parsonage T^oad, near the northerly brook. Whittaker lived nearly due west 
 from Bradley's, ou tlie Derry Road, but was at the time witlj Isaac Bradley, at the place above mentioned. 
 
180 HISTORY OF HATERHILL. 
 
 acquainted with the language, that they learned from the occasional con- 
 versations carried on in their presence, between their master and the 
 neighboring Indians of the same tribe, that they intended to carry them 
 to Canada, the following spring. This discovery was very afflicting to 
 them. If their designs were carried into execution, they knew that there 
 would be but little chance for them to escape ; and from that time the 
 active mind of Isaac was continually planning a mode to effect it. A 
 deep and unbroken wilderness, pathless mountains, and swollen and almost 
 impassable rivers, lay between them and their beloved homes ; and the 
 boys feared, if they were carried still further northward, that they should 
 never again hear the kind voice of a father, or feel the fervent kiss of an 
 affectionate mother, or the fond embrace of a beloved sister. They feared, 
 should they die in a strange land, that there would be none to close their 
 eyes — none to shed for them the tear of affection — none to place the 
 green turf on their graves — and none who would fondly treasure up their 
 memories. 
 
 Such were the melancholy thoughts of the young boys, and they deter- 
 mined to escape before their masters started with them for Canada. The 
 winter came with its snow and wind — the spring succeeded, with its early 
 buds and flowers, and its pleasant south wind — and still they were pris- 
 oners. Within that period, Isaac was brought nigh to the grave — a 
 burning fever had raged in his veins, and for many days he languished on 
 a bed of sickness ; but by the care of the squaw, his mistress, who treated 
 them both with considerable kindness, he recovered. Again he felt a 
 strong desire to escape, which increased with his strength ; and in April 
 he matured a plan for that purpose. He appointed a night to put it in 
 execution, without informing his companion, till the day previous, when 
 he told him of his intentions. Joseph wished to accompany him ; to this 
 Isaac demuired, and said to him, "I'm afraid you won't wake." Joseph 
 promised that he would, and at night they laid down in their master's 
 wigwam, in the midst of his family. Joseph soon fell asleep, and began 
 to snore lustily ; but there was no sleep for Isaac — his strong desire to 
 escape — the fear that he should not succeed in his attempt, and of the 
 punishment that would doubtless be inflicted if he did not — and the dan- 
 ger, hunger and fatigue that awiiited him, all were vividly painted in his 
 imagination, and kept sleep or even drowsiness far from him. His daring 
 attempt was environed with darkness and danger — he often revolved it 
 in his mind, yet his resolution remained unshaken. At length the mid- 
 night came, and its holy stillness rested on the surrounding forest ; — it 
 passed — and slowly and cautiously he arose. All was silent save the 
 
HISTORY OF nAVEKHILL. 181 
 
 deep drawn "breatli of the savage sleepers. The voice of the wind was 
 scarcely audible on the hills, and the moon, at times, would shine brightly 
 through the scattered clouds, and silver the broad lake, as though the robe 
 of an angel had fallen on its sleeping waters. 
 
 Isaac stepped softly and tremblingly over the tawny bodies, lest they 
 should awake and discover his design, and secured his master's fire-works, 
 and a portion of his moose-meat and bread ; these he carried to a little 
 distance from the wigwam, and concealed them in a clump of bushes. He 
 then returned, and bending over Joseph, who had, all this time, been snor- 
 ing in his sleep, carefully shook him. Joseph, more asleep than awake, 
 turned partly over, and asked aloud, "what do you want? " This egre- 
 gious blunder alarmed Isaac, and he instantly laid down in his proper 
 place, and began to snore as loudly as any of them. Soon as his alarm 
 had somewhat subsided, he again arose, and listened long for the heavy 
 breath of the sleepers. He determined to fly from his master, before the 
 morning dawned. Perceiving that they all slept, he resolved to make his 
 escape, without again attempting to awake Joseph, lest, by his thoughtless- 
 ness, he should again put him in jeopardy. He then arose and stepped 
 softly out of the wigwam, and walked slowly and cautiously from it, until 
 he had nearly reached the place where his provisions were concealed, when 
 he heard footsteps approaching hastily behind him. Y>' ith a beating heart 
 he looked backward, and saw Joseph, who had aroused himself, and find- 
 ing that his companion had gone, concluded to follow. They then secured 
 the fire-works and provisions, and without chart or compass, struck into 
 the woods in a southerly direction, aiming for the distant settlement of 
 Haverhill. They ran at the top of their speed until day-light appeared, 
 when they concealed themselves in a hollow log, deeming it too dangerous 
 to continue their journey in the day time. 
 
 Their master, when he awoke in the morning, was astonished to find his 
 prisoners had escaped, and immediately collected a small party with their 
 dogs, and pursued them. The dogs struck upon the tracks, and in a short 
 time came up to the log where the boys were concealed, when they made a 
 stand, and began a loud barking. The boys trembled with fear lest they 
 should be re-captured, and perhaps fall beneath the tomahawk of their 
 enraged master. In this situation, they hardly knew what was best to do 
 — but they spoke kindly to the dogs, who knew their voices, ceased bark- 
 ing, and wagged their tails with delight. They then threw before them 
 all the moose-meat they had taken from the wigwam, which the dogs in- 
 stantly seized, and began to devour it as though they highly relished so 
 choice a breakfast. While they were thus employed, the Indians made 
 
182 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 their appearance, and passed close to the log in which they were concealed, 
 without noticing the employment of their dogs. The boys saw them as 
 they passed, and were nearly breathless with anxiety. They followed 
 them with their eyes till they were out of sight, and hope again took pos- 
 session of their bosoms. The dogs soon devoured their meat, and trotted 
 after their masters. 
 
 They lay in the log during the day, and at night pursued their journey, 
 taking a different route from the one travelled by the Indians. They 
 made only one or two meals on their bread, and after that was gone they were 
 obliged to subsist on roots and buds. On the second day they concealed 
 themselves, but travelled the third night and day without resting ; and on 
 that day, towards night, they luckily killed a pigeon and a turtle, a part 
 of which they ate raw, not daring to build a fire, lest they should be dis- 
 covered. The fragments of their unsavory meal they carried with them, 
 and ate of them as their hunger required, making their dessert on such 
 roots as they happened to find. They continued their journey night and 
 day as fast as their wearied and mangled legs would carry them. On the 
 sixth day, they struck into an Indian path and followed it till night, when 
 they suddenly came within sight of an Indian encampment, saw their sav- 
 age enemy seated around the fire, and distinctly heard their voices. This 
 alarmed them exceedingly ; and wearied and exhausted as they were, 
 they had rather seek an asylum in the wide forest, and die within the 
 shadow of its trees, than trust to the kindness of foes whose bosoms had 
 never been moved by its silent workings. They precipitately fled, fearing 
 lest they should be discovered and pursued, and all night retraced their 
 steps. The morning came and found them seated side by side on the bank 
 of a small stream, their feet torn and covered with blood, and each of them 
 weeping bitterly over his misfortunes. Thus far their hearts had been 
 filled with courage, and their hopes gi'ew, and were invigorated with the 
 pleasant thoughts of home, as they flitted vividly across their minds. But 
 now their courage had fled, and their hopes had given way to despair. 
 They thought of the green fields in which they had so often played — of 
 the tall trees whose branches had so often overshadowed them — and of the 
 hearth around which they had delighted to gather with their brothers and 
 sisters, on a winter's evening, and listen to a story told by their parents. 
 They thought of these, yea, of more — but as things from which they were 
 forever parted — as things that had once given them happiness, but had 
 forever passed away. 
 
 They were, however, unwilling to give up all further exertions. The 
 philosophy of Isaac taught him that the stream must eventually lead to a 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL, 183 
 
 large body of water, and after refreshing themselves with a few roots, they 
 again commenced their journey, and followed its windings. Ihej con- 
 tinued to follow it during that day and a part of the night. On the eighth 
 morning, Joseph found himself completely exhausted ; his limbs were weak 
 and mangled, his body was emaciated, and despair was the mistress of his 
 bosom. Isaac endeavored to encourage him to proceed ; he dug roots for 
 him to eat, and brought water to quench his thirst — but all was in vain. 
 He laid himself down on the bank of the stream, in the shade of the bud- 
 ding trees, to die, far from his friends, with none for companions but the 
 howling beasts of the forest. Isaac left him to his fate, and with a bleed- 
 ing heart, slowly and w^earily pursued his journey. He had travelled but 
 a short distance when he came to a newly raised building. Eejoiced at 
 his good fortune, and believing that inhabitants were nigh, he immediately 
 retraced his steps, and soon found Joseph in the same place and position 
 in which he left him. He told him what he had seen, talked very encour- 
 agingly, and after rubbing his limbs a long while, he succeeded in making 
 him stand on his feet. They then started together, Isaac part of the time 
 leading him by the hand, and part of the time carrying him on his back ; 
 and in this manner, with their naked limbs mangled and wearied with 
 travelling, their strength exhausted by sickness, and their bodies emaciated 
 almost to skeletons, they arrived at Saco fort, sometime in the following 
 night. 
 
 Thus, on the ninth night, they arrived among their countrymen, after 
 travelling over an immense forest, subsisting on a little bread, on buds and 
 berries, and on one raw turtle and a pigeon, and without seeing the face 
 of a friend, or warming themselves over a fire. Isaac, soon as he had re- 
 gained his strength, started for Haverhill, and arrived safely at his father's 
 dwelling, who had heard nothing from him since he was taken, and ex- 
 pected never to see him again. But Joseph had more to suffer — he was 
 seized with a raging fever soon as he reached the fort, and was for a long 
 time confined to his bed. His father, when Isaac returned, went to Saco, 
 and brought home his long lost son, soon as his health permitted." 
 
 On the 7th of October, of the same fall, one person was wounded, and 
 nine taken captive, at Newbury. This was the last Indian depredation of 
 that year, and for the next eight months the inhabitants of the vicinity 
 suffered no molestation by them, although, with the opening of spring, 
 they had every reason to fear fresh incursions. But the spring wore away, 
 and 6ummer came again, with no signs of the enemy. The settlers now 
 began to hope that they would once more be permitted to rest in peace, 
 and suffered their watchfulness and vigilance to relax. This was appa- 
 
184 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 rently just wliat the cunning savages were waiting for, and well did they 
 improve their opportunity. On the 26th of June, a large party fell upon 
 Portsmouth, killed twenty-four, wounded one, and captured four. A few 
 days afterward, they assaulted Amesbury, killed three persons, burned 
 three houses, and, with hellish barbarity, tortured to death Captain Sam* 
 uel Foot. On the 26th of July, Dover was attacked, three persons killed, 
 three wounded, and three taken captive. August 13th, two men, ■ — " Old 
 John Hoyt," so called, and a young man named Peters, - — both of Ames- 
 bury, were killed by the Indians on the road between Haverhill and 
 Andover. 
 
 Two days afterward, Jonathan Haynes of this town, and his four chil- 
 dren, Mary, Thomas, Jonathan, and Joseph, were captured.'- The children 
 were in a field near Bradley's mills, picking beans, and the father was 
 reaping near by. The Indians immediately started with their captives for 
 Pennacook, (Concord, N. H.) AYhen they arrived, they divided their 
 prisoners, and separated, — one party taking the father and Joseph, and 
 the other the remaining children. The first party started for their homes, 
 in Maine, where they soon arrived. Their prisoners had remained with 
 them but a short time, when they improved an opportunity to escape. 
 After travelling two or three days, with scarce anything to satisfy their 
 craving appetites, the old man sunk down exhausted. Finding his efforts 
 to encourage his father were vain, the son started onward, and soon after 
 coming to the top of a hill, he climbed a tall tree, to see if he could dis- 
 cover any signs of civilization. But no such joyful sight was his. After 
 the first bitter gush of grief had passed, and while he yet hesitated which 
 course to take, his quick ear caught the sound of a sawmill ! He listened. 
 There was no mistaking that familiar sound, and, with a glad heart and 
 bounding step, he followed it, and soon found himself at the settleiaent of 
 Saco ! 
 
 His story was soon told, and with ample assistance, and a bottle of milk, 
 he hastened back to his father, whom he found as he had left him, — laid 
 down to die, without the hope or expectation of ever again looking upon 
 the face of a friend. The milk, and the good news, revived him, and, with 
 considerable difficulty, he reached Saco. Here they remained until their 
 strength was sufficiently recruited, when they started for Haverhill, where 
 they soon arrived without further difficulty. 
 
 « Mirick is incorrect in giving the names of the children. The children of Jonathan and Sarah Haynes 
 were Mary, born November 14, 1677; Thomas, born May 14, 16S0; Jonathan, born September 3, 168+ ; 
 Margaret, born March 3, 16S7 ; Joseph, born August 4, 1689 ; Ruth, born February 10, 1092 ; Elizabeth, 
 born March 22, 1697. 
 
HISTORY OF IIAVERUILL. 185 
 
 The party which took the other children, went to Canada, where they 
 were sold to the French. 
 
 As the tradition is, that Mary was cai-ried to Canada on a hand-sled, 
 we presume the Indians tarried 'at Pennacook until winter. Mary was re- 
 deemed the following winter, with one hundred pounds of tobacco. She 
 afterward married John Preston, of Andover, and moved to Connecticut. 
 She was living in "Windham, (Conn.) October 12, 1730, as appears by her 
 signature to a deed of that date. The boys never returned. A deed of 
 1731 speaks of them as still in Canada. In one of the companies in the 
 Canada expedition of 1757, were three brothers named Haynes, from this 
 town. "While in Canada, they had leave granted to make search for the 
 captive brothers, and thby found them. They had lost their mother lan- 
 guage completely, and could only converse with their English relatives, 
 through an interpreter. One of them enquired about his sister, who had. 
 one of her fingers accidentally cut off by a young lad, the son of a neigh- 
 bor, a short time before her capture. He recollected the circumstance, 
 and asked if she was still living. Neither of them could be persuaded to 
 return with their relatives. ■- 
 
 Thus far, Haverhill had been spared, the horrors of a general, or exten- 
 sive attack. Its losses and sufferings had. been principally from small 
 parties of the enemy, who were continually prowling around the frontier, 
 watching for opportunities to harrass, rob, murder, and capture the inhabi- 
 tants. But its hour for severer trials was now near at hand. 
 
 The 15th of March, 1G97, witnessed one of the bloodiest forays of the 
 whole war, and this town was the victim. On that day, a party of about 
 twenty Indians came suddenly, and without warning, upon the western 
 part of the town, and, with the swiftness of the whirlwind, made their 
 attack, and as suddenly disappeared. 
 
 The first house attacked was that of Thomas Duston.f Of this attack, 
 and the heroic exploits of Duston and his wife, there have been various 
 accounts published, and traditions handed down, which, though agreeing 
 
 ° We have these interesting traditionary incidents, from Guy C. Haynes, Esq , of East Boston, a native 
 of Haverhill. 
 
 t This name, at the present time, is written in v.irious ways. It was originally written Durston, and 
 was changed to Duston about the time of the above-named Thomas Duston. This is shown, not only by 
 our Town Records, but by Duston's petition to the General Court, in June, 1697. In the headinar of his 
 petition, (which is not in his own hand writing ) the name is written Durstan, and it is so written in 
 the subsequent proceedings on the petition. But his si;;nature to the petition is " Du{r)stan," (or perhaps 
 Du(r)stun). The letter "r" must have been interpolated subsequent to his first signing the petition, and 
 we think it most probable that it was done by Duston himself, so as to make his signature agi'ee with 
 the name as given in the heading of the petition. We have adopted Duston in this work, because it is so 
 written, in almost everv instance, in our Town Records. 
 24; 
 
186 
 
 HISTOET OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 in the main, disagree somewliat in the detail. Of them all, we think the 
 account given by Eev. Cotton Mather, in his Magnolia, is the most reliable. 
 Mather heard the story directly from the lips of Mrs. Duston, when she 
 was in Boston, (soon after her return from captivity,) and published it 
 very soon after. The following is his version-' : — 
 
 " On March 15, 1697, the Salvages made a Descent upon the Skirts of 
 Haverhil, Murdering and Captivng about Thirty-nine Persons, and Burn- 
 ing about half a Dozen Houses. In this Broil, one Hannah Dustan hav- 
 ing lain-in about a Week,f attended with her Nurse, Mary Neff,\ a Widow, 
 a Body of terrible Indians drew near unto the House whisre she lay, with 
 Designs to carry on their Bloody Devastations. Her Husband hastened 
 from his Emi^loyments abroad unto the relief of his Distressed Family ;§ 
 and first bidding Seven \\ of his Eight Children (which were from Two to 
 Seventeen years of age) to get away as fast as they could unto some Gar- 
 rison in the Town, he went in to inform his Wife of the horrible Distress 
 come upon them. E'er she could get up, the fierce Indians were got so 
 near, that utterly despairing to do her any Service, he ran out after his 
 Children ; resolving that on the Horse which he had with him, he would 
 Eide away with that which he should in this Extremity find his Affections 
 to pitch most upon, and leave the rest unto the Care of the Divine Provi- 
 dence. He overtook his Children about Forty Eod from his Door ; but 
 then such was the Agony of his Parental Affections, that he found it im- 
 possible for him to distinguish any one of them from the rest ; wherefore 
 he took up a Courageous Eesolution to Live h Die with them all.^ A party 
 
 " We copy directly from the firs.1 edition of the J/aflf«aZja, published in London, 1702, — only five 
 years subsequent to the exploits it describes. The notes are ours. 
 
 t Her babe was born March 9th, 1696-7. 
 
 t She was the daughter of George Corliss, and married William NefT; her husband went after the 
 army, and died at Pemaquid, in February, 1688. Neff lived on the farm now owned by William Swasey. 
 It was given to Mrs. Neff, by her father. 
 
 § " Her Husband was at work in the field, and seeing the Enemy at a distance, ran home." — Neals 
 Hist. Keio Eng., London, 1717. 
 
 II Their names were, Hannah, born August 22, 1678; Elizabeth, born May 7, 1680; Thomas, born Jan- 
 uary 5, 1683 ; Nathaniel, born May 16, 1685 ; Sarah, born July 4, 1688 ; Abigail, born October — , 1690 ; 
 Jonathan, born January 15, 1691-2 ; Timothy, born September \i, 1694. Besides these, they had had 
 Mary, born November 4, 1681; died October 18, 1696; John, born February 2, 1686; died January 28, 
 1690; Mehitable, (twin sister to Timothy.) died December 16, 1694; and Martha, (the babe killed,) born 
 born March 15, 1696-7. They afterward had Lydia, born October 4, 1698. 
 
 ^ The following beautiful lines, entitled The Father's Choice, are from the pen of Mrs. 
 Sarah J. Hale : — 
 
 Now fly, as flies the rushing wind — ■ 
 
 Urge,' wviit, thy lagging steed ! 
 The savage yell is fierce behind. 
 
 And life is on thy speed. 
 
 And from those de.ar ones make thy choice ; 
 The group he wildly eyed, 
 
 When " fathci !" burst from every voice. 
 And "child!" his heart replied. 
 
 There's one that now can share his toil, 
 
 And one he meant for fame, 
 And one that wears her mother's smile, 
 
 And one that bears her name, 
 
HISTORY OP HAYERHILL. 
 
 187 
 
 of Indians came up with liim ; and now tliougli they Tired at liim, and lie 
 Fired at them,- yet he Manfully kept at the Eeer of his Little Army of 
 Unarmed Children, while they marched off with the Pace of a child of Pive 
 Years Old ; until, by the Singular Providence of G od, he arrived safe with 
 them all unto a Place of Safety about a Mile or two from his House.f 
 
 And one will prattle on his knee, 
 
 Or slumber on his breast; 
 And one whose joys of infancy, 
 
 Are still by smiles expressed. 
 
 They feel no fear while he is neari 
 He'll shield them from the foe ; 
 
 But oh ' his ear must thrill to hear 
 Their shriekings, should he go. 
 
 In vain his quivering lips would speak, 
 No words his thoughts allow ; 
 
 There's burning tears upon his cheek — 
 Death's marble on his brow. 
 
 And twice he smote his clenched hand- 
 Then bade his children fly! 
 
 And turned, and ee'n that savage band 
 Cowered at his wrathful eye. 
 
 Swift as the lightning winged with death, 
 Flashed forth the quivering flame ! 
 
 Their fiercest warrior bows beneath 
 The father's deadly aim. 
 
 Ambition goads the conqueror on. 
 
 Hate points the murderer's brand- 
 But love and duty, these alone 
 Can nerve the good man'^i hand. 
 
 Not the wild cries, (hat rend the skies, 
 
 His heart of purpose move ; 
 He saves his children, or he dies 
 
 The sacrifice of love. 
 
 The hero may resign the field. 
 
 The coward murd'rer flee ; 
 He cannot fear, he will not yield, 
 
 That strikes, sweet love for thee. 
 
 They come, they come — he heeds no cry. 
 Save the soft child-like wail, 
 
 •' O father save !" " My children, fly!" 
 Were mingled on the gale. 
 
 And firmer still he drew his breath. 
 
 And sterner flash'd his eye. 
 As fast he hurls the leaden death. 
 
 Still shouting, "children fly !" 
 
 No shadow on his brow appeared, 
 Nor tremor shook his frame, 
 
 Save when at intervals he heard 
 Some trembler'lisp his name. 
 
 In vain the foe, those fiends unchained. 
 
 Like famished tigers chafe. 
 The sheltered roof is near'd, is gain'd 
 
 All, all the dear one's safe ! 
 
 * " The Indians pursued him all the while, but he kept in the rear of his little Flock and when any of 
 them came within reach of his Gun, he presented it at them, which made them retreat." — JVcal. 
 
 "A small party of the Indians pursued Mr. Dustin, as he fied from the house, and soon overtook him 
 and his flying children. They did not, however, approach very near, for they saw his determination, and 
 feared the vengeance of a father, — but skulked behind the trees and fences, and fired upon him and his 
 little company. Sir. Dustin dismounted from his horse, placed himself in the rear of his children, and 
 returned the fire of the enemy often and with good success. In this m.anner he retreated for more 
 than a mile, alternately encouraging his terrified charge, and loading and firing his gun until he lodged 
 them safely in a forsaken house. The Indians, finding that they could not conquer h'm, returned to their 
 •companions, expecting, no doubt, that they should there find victims, on which they might exercise their 
 savage cruelty. 
 
 It is truly astonishing that no one of th.at little company was killed or wounded. When we reflect upon 
 the skill of the Indians as marksmen, upon their great superiority of strength, and the advantage they 
 possessed in skulking behind every fence and tree, it cannot but be confessed that the arm of the Almighty 
 was outstretched for their preservation. Not a ball from the enemy took efli"cct; but, so surely, says tradi- 
 tion, as Mr. Dustin raised his gun to his eye, so surely some one of the enemy would welter in his blood." 
 —MiricJc. 
 
 We feel confident that Neal is right, and that Duston did not Jire Ms gun. Had he done so, his pur- 
 suers could and would have rushed upon him before he could possibly have re-loaded, and have made sure 
 work of him. But by making a barracade of his horse, and reserving his fu'e — bringing his trusty gun 
 qaickly to bear upon the blood-thirsty, but ccnoardly red devils, as any of them chanced to peep from 
 behind a tree or wall — he took the most reasonable and eflTective method for keeping them at bay. 
 
 t Precisely where, and what, this " place of safety " was, is a question of no small interest. Mirick 
 says, that Duston ordered his children " to fly in an opposite direction from that in which the danger was 
 approaching," and that he finally "lodged them safely in a forsaken house." The first appears reason- 
 able, but not the last. A " forsaken house " would have aff'orded no safer shelter than his own roof, from 
 which he had already fled, Again, the tradition seems always to have been that the place reached was a 
 garrison, (Vide Mather, Neal, and others,} and this appears to liarmoaize with the fact that the gan-i- 
 
188 HISTORY OF HATERHILI,. 
 
 But his house must in the meantime have more dicmal Tragedies acted at 
 it. The Nurse trying to essaj>e Avith the New-born Infant, fell into the 
 Hands of the Formidable Salvages ; and those furious Tawnies coming 
 into the House, bid poor Dustan to rise immediately. Full of Astonish- 
 ment she did so ; and sitting down in the Chimney with an heart full of 
 most fearful Expectation, she saw the raging Dragons rifle all that they 
 could carry away, and set the house on Fire. About Nineteen or Twenty 
 Indians now led these away, with about half a Score other English Cap- 
 tives ; but ere they had gone many Steps, they dash'd out the Brains of 
 the Infant against a Tree'-' ; and several of the other Captives, as they be- 
 gan to Tire in their sad Journey, were soon sent unto their Long Home ; 
 the Salvages would presently Bury their Hatchets in their Brains, and 
 leave their Carcases on the Ground for Birds and Beasts to feed upon. 
 However, Dustan (with her Nurse) notwithstanding her present Condition,! 
 Travelled that Night about a Dozen Miles, and then kept up with their 
 New Masters in a long Travel of an Hundred and Fifty Miles, more or 
 less, J within a few Da3's Ensuing, without any sensible Damage in their 
 Health, from the Hardships of their Travel, their Lodging, their Diet, 
 and their many other Diflaculties. These Two Poor Women were now in 
 the hands of those whose Tender Mercies are Cruelties ; but the good God, 
 who hath all Hearts in his own Hands, heard the sighs of these Prisoners, 
 and gave them to find unexpected Favor from the Master who laid claim 
 unto them. That Indian Family consisted of Twelve Persons ; Two Stout 
 
 sons were expressly designed for, — were always considered, and were in reality, — places of safety. A3 
 the Indians must have attacked fnim the north, or west, Duston would naturally flee toward the south, 
 or east, — in tvhicli direction were all the garrisons then in the town. And, whether he lived on the 
 easterly or westerly side of Little Uiver at the time, the nearest garrisons were those of Onisephorns Marsli, 
 (about half-way up "Pecker's Hill,") and Jonithan Emerson, (on the west corner of Winter and 
 Harrison Streets). To one of these, therefore, he must have directed his flight. Among all the versions 
 of the tradition which have reached us, we find but one which unequivocalli/ designates the place reached, 
 and that one points to the garrison of Mr. Marsh. This tradition comes to us tluough Moses Merrill, 
 Esq., (of which more anon,) and we have no doubt of its truthfulness. 
 
 "3 Mirick says, "W« have been informed by a gentleman, that he heard his gr.andmother who lived to 
 an advanced age, often relate this fact, and that s-he had frequently ate apples that grew on the same 
 tree. We have also been infornied by an aged female, that she had often heard her mother tell of eating 
 of the fruit of the same tree." All the traditions which locate this tree at all, agree in locating it on the 
 west side of Little River. 
 
 t Mrs. Dustin was barely allowed time to dress herself, and was even compelled to start on the long 
 journiy, at that inclement season, with but one shoe. 
 
 J Tlie home of the Indian who claimed Mrs. Duston and Mrs. Xcff as his captives, was a small island 
 at the junction of the Contoocook and Merrimack rivers, a few miles above Concord, N. H. To this place 
 they were taken. The island has long since been known as Dustin's Island. The Northern Railroad 
 now passes directly across it. We agree with the compiler of the excellent History of Concord, N. H., 
 (Dr. Bouton,) that a monument to Mrs. Duston should be erected on the above island; — that being the 
 scene of her remarkable exploit. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 189 
 
 Men, Three Women, and Seven Children ; and for the Shame of many an 
 English Family, that has the Character of Prayerless upon it, I must now 
 Publish what these poor Women assure me: 'Tis this, in Obedience to 
 the instructions which the French have given them, they would have 
 Prayers in their Family no less than Thrice every Day ; in the Morning, 
 at Noon, and in the Evening ; nor would they ordinarily let their Chil- 
 dren Eat or Sleep without first saying their Prayers. Indeed these Iclolators 
 were like the rest of their whiter Brethren Persecutors, and would not en- 
 dure that these poor Women should retire to their English Prayers, if they 
 could hinder them.--' Nevertheless, the poor Women had nothing but Fer- 
 vant Prayers to make their Lives Comfortable or Tolerable ; and by being 
 daily sent out upon Business, they had Opportunities together and asunder 
 to do like another Hannah, in Pouring out their Souls before the Lord : 
 Nor did their praying Fi'iends among our selves forbear to Pour out Sup- 
 lications for them. Now they could not observe it without some Wonder, 
 that their Indian Master sometimes when he saw them dejected would say 
 unto them, What need you Trouble your self'} If your God will have 
 you delivered, you shall he so ! And it seems our God would have it so 
 to be. This Indian Family was now Travelling with these Two Captive 
 Women (and an English Youth taken from Worcester a year and a half 
 before,) unto a Eendezvouz of Salvages, which they call a Toion, some- 
 where beyond Penacook ;f and they still told these poor Women, that when 
 they came to this Town they must be Stript, and Scourg'd and Run the 
 Gantlet through the whole Army of Indians. They said this was the Fash- 
 ion when the Captives first came to a Town ; and they derided some of the 
 Faint-hearted English, which they said, fainted and swoon'd away under 
 the Torments of this Discipline. J But on April 30, § while they were vet, 
 it may be, about an Hundred and Fifty Miles from the Indian Town, a 
 little before break of Day, when the whole Crew was in a Dead Sleep, 
 (Eeader, see if it prove not so !) one of these Women took up a Ptesolution 
 
 -■ Their master, some years before, had lived in the family of Rev. Mr. Rowlanrlson, of Lancaster, and 
 he told Mrs. Duston that " tvhen he prayed the Enijlish way he thought that it was good, but now he 
 found the French way better." — SeweU's Diary. 
 
 t They had not yet started for the rendezvous, but the captives were infonned that they would soon 
 start. The place of destination was Canada, where the Indian expected to obtain from the French a 
 handsome sum for his captives. 
 
 I The gauntlett consisted of two files of Indians, of both sexes, .and of all ages, containing; all that could 
 be mustered in the village; and the unhappy prisoners were obliged to run between thcni, when they were 
 scoffed nt and beaten by each one as they passed, and were sometimes marks at which the younger 
 Indians threw their hatchets. This cruel custom was often practised by many of the tribes, and not unfre- 
 quently the poor prisoners sunk beneath it. 
 
 § This would make their stay at the island about five weeks, or a little more. 
 
190 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 to imitate the Action of Jael upon Siserafl and being where she had not 
 her own Life secured by any Law unto her, she thought she was not for- 
 bidden by any Law to take away the Life of the Murderers, by whom her 
 Child had been Butchered. She heartened the Nurse and the Youth to 
 assist her in this Enterprise ; and all furnishing themselves with Hatchets 
 for the purpose, they struck such home Blows upon the Heads of their 
 Sleeping Oppressors, that ere they could any of them struggle into any 
 effectual resistance, at the Feet of those poor Prisoners, theyhoiod, they fell, 
 they lay down ; at their Feet, they hoioed, they fell ; ivhere they bowed, 
 there they fell down Dead. Only one Squaw escaped sorely AVoundedf 
 from them in the Dark ; and one Boy, whom they reserved asleep, intend- 
 ing to bring him away with them, suddenly wak'd and Scuttled away from 
 this Desolation. I But cutting off the Scalps of these Ten Wretches, they 
 came off,§ and received Fifty Pounds from the General Assembly of the 
 
 '-■ Mrs. Duston planned the mode of escape, and prevailed upon her nurse and the boy to join her. The 
 Indians kept no vratch — for the hoy had lived with them so long they considered him as one of their 
 children, and they did not expect that the ■women, unadvised and unaided, would attempt to escape, 
 when success, at the best, appeared so desperate. 
 
 On the day previous, Mrs. Duston wished to learn on what part of the body the Indians struck their 
 victims when they would despatch them suddenly, and how they took off a scalp. With this view she 
 instructed the boy to make inquiries of one of the men. Accordingly, at a convenient opportunity, he 
 asked one of them where he would strike a man, if he would kill him instantlv, and how to take off a 
 scalp. The man laid his finger on his temple — "strike 'em there," said he; and then instructed him how 
 to scalp. (1) The boy then communicated his infonnation to Mrs Duston. 
 
 (I) Sewell's Diary, and tradition. 
 
 t She received seven hatchet wounds and was left for dead, but jumped up and ran into the thicket I — 
 Vidt deposition of Mrs. Bradley. 
 
 X Mrs. Duston killed her master, and Samuel Lennardson despatched the very Indian who told him 
 where to strike, and how to take off a scalp ! The deed was accomplished before the day began to break. 
 
 § After performing the bloody work, Mrs. Duston g.ithered up what little provisions there were in the 
 wigwam, — taking the gun of her dead master, and the tomahawk (1) with which she killed him — and, 
 scuttling all the canoes, except one, she embarked in that, with Mrs. Neff, and Lennardson, on the waters 
 of the Merrimack, to seek their way to Haverhill. They had not proceeded far, however, when Mrs. 
 Duston, perceived that they had neglected to take the scalps, and fearing lest her neighbors — should she 
 ever arrive at her home — would not credit her story, she hastened back with her companions to the scene 
 of death, took off the scalps of the slain, and wrapped them in a piece of linen cloth (2) that was taken 
 from her house at the time of her capture. With these bloody witnesses of their feat, they hastened again 
 on their downward course to Haverhill. 
 
 "A long and weary journey was before them, but they commenced it with cheerful hearts, each alter- 
 nately rowing and steering their little bark. Though they had escaped from the clutches of their unfeel- 
 ing master, still they were surrounded with dangers. They were thinly clad — the sky was still inclement 
 — and they were liable to be recaptured by strolling bands of Indians, or by those who would undoubtedly 
 pursue them so soon as the squaw and the boy had reported their departure, and the terrible vengeance 
 they had taken ; and were they again made prisoners, they well knew that a speedy death would follow. 
 
 (1) This was some years after lost in the woods, near Mr. Duston's. 
 
 (2) This she afterward divided among her daughters, and a part of it is still preserved by some of their 
 descendants. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 191 
 
 Province, as a Eecompence of their Action ; besides which, they received 
 many Presents of Congratulation from their more private friends ; but none 
 gave 'em a greater Taste of Bounty than Colonel Nicholson, the Gover- 
 nour of Maryland, who hearing of their Action, sent 'em a very generous 
 token of his Favour." 
 
 After recovering from the fatigues of the journey, Mrs. Duston and her 
 two companions, accompanied by Mr. Duston, started for Boston, where 
 they arrived on the 21st of April. They carried with them the gun'- and 
 tomahawk, and their ten scalps — witnesses that would not lie. Soon 
 after their arrival, Duston presented the following petition to the General 
 Assembly, then in session : — 
 
 " To the Eight Honorable the Lieut Governor & the Great & General 
 assembly of the Province of the Massachusetts Bay now convened in 
 Boston 
 
 The Humble Petition of Thomas Durstan of Haverhill Sheweth 
 
 That the wife of ye petitioner (with one Mary NeflF) hath in her 
 Late captivity among the Barbarous Indians, been disposed & assisted by 
 heaven to do an extraordinary action, in the just slaughter of so many of 
 
 the Barbarians, as would by the law of the Province which -a few 
 
 months ago, have entitled the actors unto considerable recompense from the 
 Publick. 
 
 That tho the of that good Law no claims to any such con- 
 sideration from the publick, yet your petitioner humbly that the 
 
 merit of the action still remains the same ; & it seems a matter of univer- 
 s'all desire thro the whole Province that it should not pass unrecompensed. 
 
 And that your petioner having lost his estate in that calamity wherein 
 his wife was carried into her captivity render him the fitter object for what 
 
 This array of danger, however, did not appall them, for home was their beacon light, and the thoughts of 
 their fire-sides, nerved their hearts. They continued to drop silently down the river, keeping a good look- 
 out for strolling Indians ; and in the night two of them only slept, while the third managed the boat. In 
 this manner they pursued their journey, until they arrived safely, with their trophies, at their homes, 
 totally unexpected by their mourning frieods, who supposed they had been butchered by their ruthless 
 conquerors. It must truly have been an affecting meeting for Mrs. Duston, who supposed that all she 
 loved — all she held dear on earth — were laid in the silent tomb." — Mirick. 
 
 ** This gun continued in possession of the male line to the year 1859, when it was presented to the 
 Dustin Monument Association of this town, by Mrs. Lucia H. Dustin, widow of Thomas Dustin, of 
 Henniker, N. H. At a meeting of the Directors of the Association, held July 0th, 1S59, it was 
 
 " Sesolved, That the Directors of the Dustin Monument Association accept with a lively sensibility the 
 donation of the musket, as an interesting memorial of the perils and valor of the pioneer settlers of Haverhill. 
 
 Resolved, That the thanks of the Association be presented to Mrs. Lacia H. Dustin, of Henniker, N. H., 
 for the gift of this valued family relic. 
 
 Resolved, That the thanks of the Association be presented to Mr. George W. Chase for his disinte- 
 rested efforts to procure the musket for the Association. 
 
 Resolved, That the Secretary be directed to transmit copies of these votes to Mrs. Dustin, and to Mr. 
 Chase." 
 
192 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 consideration the public Bounty shall judge proper for what hath been 
 herein done, of some consequence, not only unto the persons more imme- 
 diately delivered, but also unto the Generall Interest 
 
 Wherefore humbly Eequesting a favorable Kegard on this occasion 
 Your Petitioner shall pray &c 
 
 ThomusDu(r)stun." 
 
 The petition of Dustou was read in the House of Eepresentatives, June 
 8th, when it was " voted that the above named Thomas Dui-stan in behalf 
 of his wife shall be allowed & paid out of the publick Treasury Twenty 
 five pounds ; & Mary Neff the sum of Twelve pounds Ten Shillings, and 
 the young man (named Samuel Lencrson) concerned in the same action 
 the like sum of Twelve pounds Ten Shillings." 
 
 Hannah Duston was the daughter of Michael and Hannah (Webster) 
 Emerson, and the eldest of fifteen children. She was born December 23, 
 1657, and was married to Thomas Duston December 3d, 1677, by whom 
 she had thirteen children.'-' The time of her death, and also that of her 
 husband, is uncertain. There is a tradition, entitled to credit, that Mrs. 
 Duston survived her husband some years, and after his death went to re- 
 side with her son, Jonathan, who lived on the south west part of the 
 original Thomas Duston farm. This tradition is repeated to us by Moses 
 Merrill, Esq., now above eighty years of age, and a man of unquestioned 
 veracity, who received it, when quite a lad, from the lips of the mother of 
 Joseph Ayer, then about ninetyyears of age. Mrs. Ayer must have been 
 born about the year 1 700. She spoke of the fact, (not tradition) that 
 Mrs. Duston resided with her son, after her husband's death, and was 
 buried from that son's house. His house stood about twenty feet north- 
 west of the present foundation of the " Dustin Monument." Thomas 
 Duston was living in March, 1729, and also his son, Thomas, Jr.f Mrs. 
 Ayer must have been about thirty years of age when Duston himself died, 
 and was certainly old enough to remember distinctly the circumstance's 
 she related to our informant. J 
 
 The favorite saying of an esteemed friend, — that " the true heroes are 
 not always those who receive the most applause," — seems to us to be 
 especially applicable to the case of Thomas and Hannah Duston. In 
 every version of the story which has met our eye, or ear, Thomas Duston 
 
 <■' For their names, see note to a preceeding page. 
 
 t Vide Proprietor's Eecords. Thomas, Sen., was moderator of most of their meetings from 1715, to 
 January, 1721-2. 
 
 X Mrs. Ayer was the wife of Peter Ayer. Iler maiden name was Lydia Perley. The date of her 
 marriage is not given in the Town Eecords. Her first child was born October 26, 1721. The sixth, 
 Joseph, was born in 1737. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 193 
 
 has been made to occupy a subordinate position to that of bis wife. In- 
 deed, in many cases, his name, and his heroic defence of his children, 
 would seem to have been introduced merely to identify the wife and 
 mother, and to add an accessory coloring to the picture of her exploit. 
 But, when placed side by side with his, the exploit of his wife, extraordi- 
 nary as it certainly was, seems to us as the light of the moon to the brilliant 
 rays of the sun. 
 
 Hannah Duston, to escape from a cruel captivity, — not from death, not 
 from violation even,= -= — and to revenge the death of her child ; with two 
 strong arms to assist her, courageously planned the destruction, and boldly 
 attacked, twelve sleeping savages, seven of whom ivere children, and but 
 two of whom were men. It was not with her a question of life and death, 
 but of liberty, and revenge. 
 
 Thomas Duston, with the question of life or death for himself, and a 
 cruel captivity for his children, distinctly before him, heroically staked 
 his life for his children ! It was a " father's love " that nerved his arm, 
 and not revenge. 
 
 While, therefore, we would not, wittingly, detract one jot or tittle from 
 the full credit due the mother, for her extraordinary feat, we claim for the 
 pure and lofty heroism of the father, a larger share of the world's ap- 
 plause than has as yet been awarded him. 
 
 Dr. Dwight, in speaking of Thomas Duston, makes use of the following 
 truthful language : — 
 
 " A finer succession of scenes for the pencil was hardly ever presented 
 to the eye, than is furnished by the efforts of this gallant man, with their 
 interesting appendages. The artist must be destitute indeed of talents 
 who could not engross every heart, as well as every eye, by exhibitions of 
 this husband and father, flying to rescue his wife, her infant, and her 
 nurse, from the approaching horde of savages ; attempting on his horse to 
 select from his flying family the child, which he was least able to spare, 
 and unable to make the selection ; facing, in their rear, the horde of hell- 
 hounds ; alternately, and sternly, retreating behind his inestimable charge, 
 and fronting the enemy again ; receiving and returning their fire ; and 
 presenting himself, equally, as a barrier against murderers, and a shelter 
 to the flight of innocence and anguish. In the background of some or 
 other of these pictures might be exhibited, with powerful impression, the 
 kindled dwelling ; the sickly mother ; the terrified nurse, with the new 
 
 ° The Indians seldom killed, and never violated their female prisoners, when once captured. They ivere 
 either sold to the French, or kept for ransom. 
 
 25 
 
194 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 "born infant in lier arms ; and tte furious natives, surrounding them, driv- 
 ing them forward, and displaying the trophies of savage victory, and the 
 insolence of savage triumph." 
 
 We regret that we are unable to trace more fully the history of this 
 heroic man.-'' We cannot even say from whence he came. The name first 
 appears in our town records among those who built cottages between the 
 years 1669, and 1675; next we find it in a deed from Thomas Dus- 
 ton to Peter Green, in 1675-6 ; then among the soldiers in King Phillip's 
 War, (August, 1676) ; then in the list of cottages built between January, ' 
 1675, and February, 1677; then the marriage of Thomas Duston and 
 Hannah Emerson, in December, 1677 ; and then we find, among the names 
 of those who built cottages between February, 1677, and January, 1679, 
 that of " Thomas Duston 2d." The name is first found in the record of 
 our town meetings, under date of June 13, 1682. 
 
 We think it probable that Duston came from the vicinity of Dover, N.H., 
 as we find the name of " Thomas Durston^^ among the signers of a letter 
 to the governor of Massachusetts, dated Northam, (Dover) March 4, 1640. 
 They subscribe themselves, — "We, the inhabitants of Northam." We 
 also find the name *' J%o Durston" among those admitted freemen at 
 Kittery, in November, 1652. It is possible, but hardly probable, that the 
 latter was the Thomas Duston of this town. If so, he must have been at 
 least forty-six years of age at his marriage, — (after which he had a family 
 of thirteen children, — the last born when the father was at least sixty- 
 eight years of age,) — and at least one hundred years of age at his death. 
 All this is possible, but, taken together, hardly probable. It is certain, 
 however, that the Thomas Duston of Nortlimn, and the Thomas Duston of 
 1697, could not have been one and the same person. 
 
 A comparison of dates and incidents in the meagre record before us, we 
 think favor the supposition that the Thomas Duston of 1675, and the 
 Thomas Duston 2d, of 1677, were father and son. The former may have 
 been the Thomas Duston of 1640, and who removed to Haverhill between 
 1669 and 1675, with his son, and either died or removed from the town 
 subsequent to 1677.f 
 
 '' The following is from Mirick : — " Thomas Dustin was a man of considerable ingenuity, and tradition 
 snys that he had a " vast deal of mother wit;" that he possessed unshaken courage and the purest and 
 loftiest feelings of affection, cannot be doubted. It is said that he made his own almanacks, and further- 
 more, that he always made them on rainy days. How true this is, we will not attempt to say. He had 
 a grandson, Joshua, who was said to have been his counterpart. He once took it into his head to weave 
 a bed-quilt, and succeeded in making an excellent one, consisting of as many colors as Joseph's coat. 
 This curious relic is now preserved by his descendants." 
 
 t Since writing the above, we have examined the recently published Genealogical Dictionary of the 
 early Settlers of New England, by James Savage, Boston, 1860, where we find the following: 
 
 " Dustin, or Duston, Josiah, of Reading 1647, had Josiah, born May 14, 16.>6, and perhaps others, and 
 
HISTORY OP nAVERllILL. 195 
 
 As tliere is a wide difference of opinion as to the location of Thomas 
 Dustou's house, at the time his wife was taken by the Indians, it will 
 doubtless be expected that reference, at least, will be made to the matter in 
 these, pages. 
 
 In March, 1675, Thomas Duston, of Haverhill, "in consideration upon 
 exchange of land," deeded to Peter Green, forty-five acres of upland, more 
 or less, " with the house, orchard, and purtenances." The land was 
 bounded on the east corner by a white oak, " and so bounded on hack^* 
 meadow highway." The northwest corner was bounded by " Spicket 
 path."! This land was on the west side of Little Eiver, but the descrip* 
 tion will not apply to any part of the " Thomas Duston farm," upon which 
 the monument to Hannah Duston is now in course of erection. 
 
 In August, 1697, (five months after Mrs. Duston's capture) William 
 Starlin, of Haverhill, deeded to Thomas Duston, in consideration of one 
 hundred pounds, "my Ten acres of land whc I purchased of ye said 
 Town," — lying at a place called ye fishing Eiver neer ye house of Mat- 
 thew Herriman, the bounds thereof as it is entered in ye Townes booke of 
 record, with all ye houses, housing, mills, Damms, streams of water fences 
 oarchards Trees wood timber and all other rights," &c. ; — also, "my 
 other Ten acres of Land adjoining to ye former which I had by grant from 
 said Towne on condition that I and my heirs did build a Corne Mill which 
 might be for ye use of sd Towne."J (Starlin deeded it to Duston on the 
 same condition.) § This land was on the east side of Little Eiver, and a 
 part of the " Duston Farm," near the northerly end of Primrose Street. 
 It was the earliest deed to Duston of land on that side of the river. This, 
 in our opinion, makes it certain that Duston did not reside on the east 
 side of Little Eiver when his wife was captured ; and, as the deed, is dated 
 less than two months subsei^^uent to the vote of the General Court, gi-ant- 
 ing him fifty pounds for the scalps taken by his wife, it almost confirms 
 the old and generally received tradition, that the above place was hovght 
 with the scalp money. 
 
 In the town records, under date of March 4, 1701-2, mention is made 
 of " the highway that leads up to Tho Duston's Mill." This is strong 
 
 died January 16, 1672. Thomas, of Dover 1640, perhfips removed to Kittery before 1652. Thomas, of 
 Haverhill, perhaps son of the preceding, married Hannah Emerson, December 3, 1677." 
 
 * Hawk. t Essex Reg. Deeds, book 20, p. 2. 
 
 t Essex Reg. Deeds, book 13, p. 43. 
 
 § February 24, 1684, the town granted Wm. Starlin two ten acre lots. One lot was " at the Fishing 
 River, near the saw mill path." (The lot was bounded on one side by the river) ; the other adjoined the 
 above, and was granted "For encouragement of Wm. Starlin to set up a Cora Mill at Fishing River, near 
 to Robert Emerson's." — Town Records, Vol. 1,^. 1S8. 
 
196 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 presumptive evidence that Duston at that time resided at Fishing Eiver. 
 We have no doubt that he removed there soon after he purchased the place. 
 But that he actually did, subsequently, reside there, is, we think, made 
 clear by the following: — 
 
 In June, 1717, Thomas Dustin deeded to his son Nathaniel, — "in 
 consideration of yt Love I bear to My Son Nathaniel Durston of ye town 
 of Haverhill, " =•' " =■••' one piece or Tract of Upland and meadow 
 land lyinge and being in ye township of Haverhill aforesd, containing 
 twenty acres more or less, being ye one half of my Living I formerly lived 
 on, on ye West Side of ye Saw 31iU Eiver, and ye easterly part thereof."" 
 
 In March, 1723-4, Thomas Dustin deeded to his son, Timothy Dustin, 
 " in consideration of parental love and affection, *'•' '-- •■'•' '••' the full 
 possession to be given after my decease, '•■- '-' " my dwelling or 
 
 mansion house Barn and Corn Mill now standing on the Fishing River ; " 
 also, " one moiety or half part of my homestead or house lott, containing 
 twelve acres, part of which land I purchased of Wm Starling, "f 
 
 On the 8th of September, ISGO, the writer of these pages, in company 
 with Moses Merrill, Esq., — than whom no one now living has had more 
 frequent and favorable opportunities for examining and locating ancient 
 deeds of land in the north and west parts of the town, — visited the place 
 designated by Mr. Merrill as that upon which Thomas Duston lived at the 
 time his wife was taken, and his house burned, by the savages, in 1697. 
 The southerly line of the original farm bounds upon the cross road, on the 
 northerly side of which the proposed " Dustin Monument " is now being 
 erected, and the new school-house is located, and runs about northeast and 
 southwest, from a point a few rods southwest of the monument site, to the 
 Little Eiver. The northerly line runs parallel with the above, thus giv- 
 ing the farm the form of a parallellogvam, with about one third of it on 
 the westerly side of Jew Street. 
 
 Having an-ived at the spot, Mr. Merrill made, in substance, the follow- 
 ing statement : — "This is the original Thomas Duston farm, as I always 
 under stood it. It was laid out for ' eighty acres, more or less,' but con- 
 tains considerable more than that, (We walked about one hundred and 
 sixty feet easterly from the road.) Here is the well belonging to the new 
 h-ouse which Duston was building at the time the attack was made by the 
 Indians. (We continued our walk about one hundred and twenty feet 
 
 ° In March, 1723-4, Thomas Duston deeded to his son, Jonathan Duston, — "in consideration of parental 
 love and natural affection" — " The Homestead or Lott whereon the said Jonathan now divells" — " fifteen 
 acres, more or less," — "bounded at a ^-eat rock by the highway, which is a corner hound of land Igavo 
 to my son Nathaniel." — "Essex Reg. Deeds, book 51, jj. 206. 
 
 t Essex Reg. Deeds, book 43, p. 107. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 197 
 
 further, in the same direction.) Here is tlie cellar of Duston's new brick 
 house. (We continued our walk easterly, toward the lower land. About 
 two hundred and fifty feet from the cellar, Mr. Merrill sto2Dped, lookM 
 about, — evidently taking the bearing of the surrounding objects, — went 
 a little distance east, returned to nearly the same spot, hesitated, — ob- 
 served that it was many years since he had been on the ground, and it was 
 now somewhat changed by cultivation, — and, at length, struck his stick 
 upon the ground, apparently firmly decided.) The house from which 
 Hannah Duston was taken stood just about here. When I was young, I 
 could see the cellar distinctly, though it was partly filled with stones. It 
 must have been a small house, because the cellar was small. I have no 
 doubt that this is the identical spot, because, when I was quite a lad, I 
 heard old Mrs. Ayer (' Joseph Ayer's mother ' ) say that she kneiv this was 
 tJie place. She coupled the assertion with a curious remark, which I have 
 never forgotten, and which served to fix the circumstance firmly in my 
 mind. She was very aged at the time. I never heard any other place 
 spoken of, until within a few years. (We noticed, distinctly, that Mr. 
 Merrill stood just within the edge of a small place where the grass was 
 apparently much drier than that all about it. Might not this have been 
 caused by the thin layer of soil over the stones with which the old cellar 
 was filled, and the consequent leaching of the moisture ? We walked a 
 few rods beyond the edge of the low ground, and stopped at a well.) 
 Here is the well. I have a distinct impression that, in my younger days, 
 the house was spoken of as having been twenty rods, or such a matter, 
 northwest from this well.'--' (We returned to the road, upon the opposite 
 side of which — and a little to the south — Mr. Merrill pointed out an old 
 cellar.) Here is where Nathaniel Duston lived. The land was given him 
 by his father. Jonathan lived over at the southwesterly corner, beyond 
 the new school-house. {Question. — How did it happen that the monument 
 ground came to be regarded as the site of the original Duston house? ) 
 I don't know, unless the tradition that Mrs. Duston was buried from that 
 house, became confounded with the other traditions. Old Mrs. Ayer said 
 that after Mr. Duston died, Mrs. Duston lived with her son, Jonathan, on 
 that place, and was buried from his house." 
 
 <* A pocket compass subsequently gave us the following bearings : — Mr. Charles Dustan's house in the 
 North Parish, bears about ten degrees north of east from the well ; and the house of Mr. J. Whitaker 
 about ten degrees west of south. From the well to the old cellar is one hundred and sixty-four feet, in a 
 west-north-west direction. From the latter to the new cellar is seventy-one paces. From the north-east 
 comer of the later, the North Church bears almost exactly south-east. The well of the new hoi-ise is about 
 one hundred and twenty feet from the new cellar, and about one hundred and sixty feet east from the 
 ro.<id. The " Monument" site bears southwest from the last named well and cellar. The cellar of the 
 house of Jonathan Duston, is about twenty feet north-west from the site of the " Dustiu Monument." 
 
198 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 "We have tlius given the substance of sucli deeds, grants, and authorita- 
 tive traditions, as bear directly upon the point in issue, and the reader is 
 left free to decide the matter for himself. We will only add, that we 
 commenced the investigation unbiassed in favor of either of the locations 
 contended for, but rise from it fully convinced that the one designated by 
 Mr. Merrill is the true one.--' 
 
 But to return from this long digression, to our narrative. After the 
 attack on Duston's house, the Indians dispersed themselves in small par- 
 ties, and attacked the houses in the vicinity. Nine houses were plundered 
 and reduced to ashes on that eventful day, and in every case their owners 
 were slain while defending them. Twenty-seven persons were slaughtered, 
 (fifteen of them children) and thirteen captured, f The following is a list 
 of the killed : — John Keezar, his father, and son, George ; John Kimball 
 and his mother, Hannah ; Sarah Eastman ; Thomas Eaton ; Thomas Emer- 
 son, his wife, Elizabeth, and two children, Timothy and Sarah ; Daniel 
 Bradley, his wife, Hannah, and two children, Mary and Hannah ; Martha 
 Dow, daughter of Stephen Dow; Joseph, Martha, and Sarah Bradley, 
 children of Joseph Bradley ; Thomas and Mehitable Kingsbury ; Thomas 
 Wood and his daughter, Susannah; John Woodman and his daughter, 
 Susannah ; Zechariah White ; and Martha, the infant daughter of Mr. 
 
 Duston. 
 
 Having fully glutted their thirst for blood, and fearing a general alarm 
 of the town, the savages, in small parties, as was their custom, commenced 
 a hasty retreat. The rumor of this attack soon reached the village, and 
 an armed party was collected and started in pursuit, but without success. 
 
 Mirick adds the following, to his account of this attack: — " One of 
 their number stole the old or first town book, and with a few others re- 
 treated up the river. In the westerly part of the town, now Methuen, 
 they came upon a yoke of oxen, and with that hellish barbarity which is 
 their principal characteristic in war, cut out their tongues, struck up a 
 fire and broiled them. Had they despatched the oxen, after their tongues 
 were out, it would have been a deed of mercy ; but instead of doing that, 
 they left them in that dreadful situation. After their repast was over, 
 
 o The distance from that spot to the site of the old .garrison house on Pecker's Hill," in an air line, 
 is a fraction over one mile. From the monument site, to the same place, is a little less than a mile ; the 
 ditference being about fiftj' rods. So far, then, as the distance is concerned, either place will agree with 
 the tradition. 
 
 t From a petition to the Governor and Council, under date of April 17, 1701, we learn that the follow- 
 ing Ilavcrhill captives were still missing: — Daniel Bradley, aged seven ; Abigail Kimball, aged eight; and 
 Phillip Ood, aged six ; — all taken March 15, 1097 : Jonathan Haines, aged twelve ; and Joseph Haines, 
 a"-ed seven ; — taken August la, 1696 : and Abraham Whittiker, aged eight or nine, taken in August, 1691. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 199 
 
 tliey continued their retreat, but either designedly or intentionally, left the 
 town-book. It was soon found, but so damaged with water, that many of 
 the records were perfectly illegible." 
 
 We feel confident that Mirick is in error in both these particulars — for 
 the following reasons : — Nathaniel Saltonstall, who was then Town Clerk, 
 and had held the office constantly since 1669, lived at the place, east of 
 the village, so long in possession of his family, and we can hardly see how 
 the savages, who did not venture within about two miles of his house, 
 could have obtained possession of the town-book. Perhaps, however, the 
 book was at that time in the possession of the family of John Carleton, 
 the former Clerk, who lived on the place west of the village, now owned 
 and occupied by his descendant and namesake. But even in that case, or, 
 indeed, in any case, we can hardly credit the story of an Indian making a 
 prize of an old record book, when there were so many other things within 
 his grasp, far more attractive and valuable to savage eyes. 
 
 But in regard to the second particular, we have no doubt that Mirick is 
 mistaken. We think that he has misplaced the incidents belonging to a 
 subsequent outrage, which happened in the same vicinity. We refer to 
 the massacre of Jonathan Haynes and Samuel Ladd, which took place near 
 World's End Pond, in the February following. Each of these men had a 
 yoke of oxen, which the Indians killed, and then " cut out their tongues, 
 and the best pieces," to carry along with them.-' This party camped over 
 night in " Mill Meadow," about one mile and a half north-east of the 
 above pond. Considering the great difficulty, not to say impossibility, of 
 cutting out the tongue of a living ox, under such circumstances, and the 
 striking similarity of the two traditions in other respects, we have no hes- 
 itation in expressing the opinion that the savages were not guilty of the 
 charge thus alledged against them. 
 
 From the following, which passed the Assembly March 22d, 1697, it 
 appears that at the time an opinion prevailed that Col. Saltonstall was cen- 
 surable for negligence in this matter. But as nothing further appears to 
 have been done about it, we are bound to believe that the complaint origi- 
 nated from the anguish of bereavement, rather than from any fault of the 
 Colonel. 
 
 " Whereas it is reported that Col Saltingstall hath been very negligent 
 of his duty as Col : & that the late damage at Haverhill wherin about 40 
 of his majesties subjects were killed & captivated by the Heathin enemie 
 besides six houses burnt & much spoile, & yt the said Coll did not (as he 
 
 <* Tradition, as repeated to us by the venerable Mr. Isaiah How, who lives near the place of the 
 massacre. 
 
200 HISTOKT OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 ought) when he had notice of the enemies approach take care to draw them 
 into Grarrison ; nor encourage the pursuit of them when persons offered ; 
 that his Honor will be pleased to make inquiry into said affair & see that 
 there may be due annimadversons ; which may be a proper means to pre- 
 vent the like miscariages."--= 
 
 It was a terrible blow for the town. Some of its most useful citizens, 
 and promising youth, were among the slain ; and well knowing that they 
 were daily and hourly liable to similar attacks, it needs no stretch of im- 
 agination to declare that fear seized the hearts of the inhabitants. 
 
 The most vigorous measures were speedily taken to prevent, if possible, 
 another similar bloody massacre : guards were stationed in many of the 
 houses, and the brick house of Thomas Duston, that had been partly fin- 
 ished the year previous, but had not been occupied, was ordered to be 
 garrisoned. The following is a copy of the order to Mr. Duston, when 
 appointed to command it :-j- 
 
 " To Thomas Dustin, upon the settlement of garrisons. April 5 1696-7. 
 You being appointed master of the garrison at your house, you are hereby, 
 in his jiaj's [ilajestj-'s] name, required to see that a good watch is kept 
 at your garrison both by night and by day, by those persons hereafter 
 named who are to be under your command and inspection in building or 
 repairing your garrison ; and if any person refuse or neglect their duty, 
 you are accordingly required to make return of the same, under your hand, 
 to the Committee of militia in Haverhill. The persons appointed are as 
 followeth: — Josiah Heath, sen., Josiah Heath, jun., Joseph Bradley, John 
 Heath, Joseph Kingsbury, and Thomas Kingsbury. 
 
 By order of the Committee of militia. 
 
 Samuel Ayer, Capt. 
 
 Mr. Duston was, for the times, largely engaged in brick-making. The 
 business, however, was attended with no little danger, on account of the 
 Indians, who were almost continually lurking in the vicinity, watching an 
 opportunity for a successful attack. The clay-pits were only a short dis- 
 tance from the garrison, but the enemy were so bold that a file of soldiers 
 constantly guarded those who brought the clay .from the pits to the yard 
 near the house, where it was made into bricks. 
 
 There is a good story told of one Joseph Whittaker, one of the guard 
 stationed at this garrison while commanded by Mr. Dustin, and which will 
 doubtless be looked for in this place : — 
 
 Joseph was a young, unmarried man, full of " marcury," as the story- 
 goes, who became deeply entangled in the webs unconsciously wound 
 
 ** Stut^ Archives. t Mrs. Duston had not yet returned from her captivity. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 201 
 
 aroimd his susceptible heart, by one Mary Whittaker, who was then living 
 in the garrison. Joseph struggled long and manfully to escape from the 
 silken meshes, but in vain. At last, summoning all his courage to his 
 assistance, he improved a favorable opportunity to make a declaration of 
 his passion. But, ah ! most unfortunate Joseph. Mary did not listen 
 with favor to his story. He pleaded, he entreated, he implored her to take 
 pity on his forlorn condition, but all to no purpose. Mary Whittaker em- 
 phatically declared that she did not reciprocate the passion of the aforesaid 
 Joseph Whittaker — not she. Joseph arose : his Whittaker blood was up ; 
 and he was not to be turned off in that manner — and b-y a "NMiittaker, too — 
 not he. He told Mary that unless she accepted his offer, he would jump 
 into the well, and thus put an end to the life of the unhappy Joseph Whit- 
 taker. But Mary was not to be so easily won, and, " with one long, 
 lingering look behind," Joseph immediately left the garrison, went straight 
 to the well, seized a large log near by, and — threw it into the dark, deep 
 waters ! Mary heard the plunge, and her heart relented. She suddenly 
 remembered how fondly she loved him, and, with her hair streaming in the 
 dark night-wind, she rushed to the well, and, with bleeding, agonizing 
 heart, cried out — "Oh, Joseph! Joseph! if you are in the land of the 
 living, I will have you." Joseph immediately emerged from his hiding 
 place, and threw himself into her arms, exclaiming — " Mary, I will take 
 you at your word." 
 
 Although the two Whittakers were soon afterward made one, we do not 
 learn that the number of Whittakers was thereby permanently diminished. 
 
 Xo further attack was made on the inhabitants of this town the same 
 year, but other places suffered severely, •- and the whole frontier was kept 
 in a state of continual fear, anxiety, and 'watchfulness. 
 
 The next year, the Indians commenced their incursions unusually early. 
 On the 22d of February, a party fell upon Andover, killed five of the in- 
 habitants, and captured as man}^ more. On their return, the same party 
 killed Jonathan Haynes and Samuel Ladd, of this town, and captured a 
 son of each. J 
 
 Haynes and Ladd, who lived in the western part of the town, had 
 started that morning, with their teams, consisting of a yoke of oxen and a 
 
 ° At Groton, May 20, one person was killed and three wonnded ; at Exeter, June lOth, one was killed, 
 one Tvonnded, and one captxired ; the same day, two were taken captive at Amesbury ; July 29th, three 
 were killed and one wounded, at Dover; August 7th, three were killed, and three captured at Saco; 
 September 8th, twelve were killed, and twelve wounded, at Damariscotta ; September 11th, twenty-one 
 were killed, two wounded, and six captured at Lancaster ; and November loth, one person was kiUed, and 
 one captured at Johnson's creek. 
 
 t Mirick. 
 
 26 
 
202 HISTORY OF HAVERHILI,. 
 
 horse, each, and accompanied with their eldest sons, Joseph and Daniel, to 
 bring home some of their hay, which had been cut and stacked the preced- 
 ing summer, in their meadow, in the extreme western part of the town. 
 While they were slowly returning, little dreaming of present danger, they 
 suddenly found themselves between two files of Indians, who had concealed 
 themselves in the bushes on each side of their path. There were seven of 
 them on a side. With guns presented and cocked, and the fathers, seeing 
 it was impossible to escape, begged for "quarter." To this, the Indians 
 twice replied, "boon quarter ! boon quarter ! " (good quarter.) Young Ladd, 
 who did not relish the idea of being quietly taken prisoner, told his father 
 that he would mount the horse, and endeavor to escape. But the old man 
 forbid him to make the attempt, telling him it was better to risk remaining 
 a prisoner, He cut his father's horse loose, however, and giving him the 
 lash, he started off at full speed, and though repeatedly fired at by 
 the Indians, succeeded in reaching home, and was the means of giving an 
 immediate and general alarm.-' 
 
 Two of the Indians then stepped behind the fathers, and dealt them a 
 heavy blow upon the head. Mr. Haynes, who was quite aged, instantly 
 fell, but Ladd did not. Another of the savages then stepped before the 
 latter, and raised his hatchet as if to strike. Ladd closed his eyes, ex- 
 pecting the blow would fall — but it came not — and when he again opened 
 them, he saw the Indian laughing and mocking at his fears. Another im- 
 mediately stepped behind him and felled him at a blow. 
 
 " The Indians, on being asked why they killed the old men, said that 
 they killed Haynes because he was ' so old he no go with us ;^ — meaning 
 that he was too aged and infirm to travel ; and that they killed Ladd, who 
 was a fierce, stern looking man, because 'he so sok/:' They then started 
 for Penacook, where they arrived, with the two boys. Young Ladd soon 
 grew weary of his situation, and one night after his Indian master and 
 family had fell asleep, he attempted to escape. He had proceeded but a 
 short distance, when he thought that he should want a hatchet to fell trees 
 t > assist him in crossing the streams. He accordingly returned, entered a 
 wigwam near his master's, where an old squaw lay sick, and took a hatchet. 
 The squaw watched his movements, and probably thinking that he intended 
 to kill her, vociferated with all her strength. This awakened the Indians 
 in the wigwam, who instantly arose, re-captured him, and delivered him 
 again to his master, who bound his hands, laid him upon his back, fastened 
 
 o One version of the tradition is, that the horse rushed against the door of his master's house, hursting 
 it open, and fell dead upon the threshold, upon seeing which, Mrs. Ladd exclaimed, in agony, " Oh ! the 
 Indians have killed Ladd." 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 203 
 
 one of his feet to a tree, and in that manner kept him fourteen nights. 
 They then gashed his face with their knives, filled the vrounds with pow- 
 der, and kept him on his back until it was so indented in the flesh, that it 
 was impossible to extract it. He carried the scars to his grave, and is 
 now frequently spoken of by his descendants as the ' marked man.' Some 
 years after, he found means to return, and his scarred and powdered counte- 
 nance produced many witticisms at his expense. He was one day walking 
 the streets of Boston, and a parrot observing his ' marked ' features, vocif- 
 erated, ' a rogue ! a rogue ! ' Haynes remained a prisoner with the Indians 
 some years, and was at last redeemed by his relatives. "=•' 
 
 When Haynes was about leaving the Indians, his master, in token of 
 his good will and esteem, presented him his best cane. This cane is now 
 in the possession of Guy C Haynes, of East Boston, a descendant. The 
 upper half is neatly ornamented with diamond-shaped figures, cut with a 
 knife. 
 
 On the 5th of March, a party of about forty Indians again attacked 
 Andover, killed five persons, burnt two houses, and two barns with the 
 cattle in them. On their return, "they made spoil on Haverhill. "f 
 
 This proved to be the last attack in the vicinity, during this war. Peace 
 being declared between France and England, the governor of Canada in- 
 formed the Indians that he could no longer support them in their war 
 against the English, and advised them to bury the hatchet, and re- 
 store their captives. This they concluded to do, and a treaty was at length 
 made with them at Casco. 
 
 During this war, (from June, 1689, to May, 1698,) five hundred and 
 sixty-one persons were killed, eighty-one wounded, and one hundred and 
 sixty-one captured by the Indians, in Mtissachusetts, Xew Hampshire, 
 and Maine, including Schnectady. Soon after peace was declared, a gen- 
 eral contribution was taken in the Province, for the relief of those who 
 were prisoners with the French and Indians, 
 
 On the return of peace, the settlers were again allowed to engage in the 
 cultivation of their land, and in the increasing of their flocks and herds, 
 without the constant fear of an attack from an unseen and barbai-ous foe. 
 
 * Mirick. 
 
 t Hutchinson. This " spoil," we presume, was the burning of the house and buildings of Thilip Eastr- 
 man, which were destroyed by the Indians this year. 
 
204 HISTOHY OP HAYEHHILL, 
 
 CHAPTER XIV. 
 
 Indian Troubles — 1700 to 1710. 
 
 At the annual town meeting for 1699, nine applications were made for 
 grants of land, all of ivJdch were denied. The town had for some time 
 been growing more sparing in its grants of land, and it now seems to have 
 decided not to grant any more, except for "value received," either in 
 money, or some other equally tangible and valuable equivalent. 
 
 As the town increased in population and importance, its lands became 
 the more valuable, and the number of applications for new grants increased 
 in a corresponding ratio. As the township was originally purchased by ar 
 few individuals, their descendants, as the undivided lands become more 
 and more valuable, must have frequently found themselves considering the 
 question to whom do t/iese ungranted lands belong'^ The records of the year 
 1700, for the first time, show that this was the case, and that the general 
 feeling was strongly against new comers into town having any voice in the 
 further disposition of the " common lands." It appears that some years 
 previous, a committee had been chosen to consider the matter, but nothing 
 had been done by them. At the annual meeting this year, the subject 
 assumed considerable prominence, as will be seen from the following : — 
 
 " There being too much apparent disorder in the voting about disposal 
 and improvement of Common land, those that have no interest in Common 
 land putting in votes, and overrunning by violence and combination the 
 certain Proprietors, to dispose and order their own : it is 
 
 Ordered that Cornet Peter Ayer being deceased, who was one of the 
 Committee men formerly appointed for the examination of the rights that 
 any have in Common land in this town, and privilege to vote about the 
 same ; That another man be now chosen to join with Nath: Saltonstall and 
 John White who are yet alive of said Committee." 
 
 Captain Samuel Ayer was chosen to fill the vacancy, and then " after 
 long discourse," it was voted " That there shall not be any further proceed 
 for Gift, Grant, Sale, or Exchange, or alteration of any land laying in 
 Common, to, or with any person, till by Law or Town order, it be known 
 who are the Proprietors that have liberty to vote about the disposal of 
 land, which they are to make out to the said Committee men this day 
 appointed to consider the same and make report thereon." 
 
HISTORY OF HAYERHILl. 205 
 
 The next vote was as follows : — " By reason of many alterations of the 
 Proprietors unto lands lying in Common, either stinted or not already 
 granted, which makes it uncertain who are the owners who have a right to 
 vote and order the same which hath this day (ui)on some men's claiming a 
 right which is not known) put a stop to the proprietors in the business 
 lying before them ; the Town do hereby refer the examination of that 
 matter unto the said Committee this day appointed thereunto." 
 
 The next we find touching the matter, is the record of a meeting August 
 26, 1700, designated as " a meeting of the Proprietors to ungrauted and 
 undivided lands to consider about encroachments &c. called by the Select' 
 men's Warrant. At this meeting nothing was done, except to confirm the 
 doings of a previous meeting, when certain things were done "by a full 
 and unanimous, though mixed vote of inhabitants and proprietors." The 
 object seems to have been to draw and preserve the line of distinction 
 between those who were Proprietors of the ungranted lands in the town, and 
 those who were merely inhabitants. In this view, the Toivn from this 
 time refused to act on any matters involving the proprietorship of these 
 ungranted lands. Thus, in 1702, in reply to a petition of Joseph Peasely 
 for an exchange of land, the town refused to consider the matter, because 
 the petition was " not directed to the proprietors of lands, but to the Town, 
 many of whom have no power to vote in the disposal of lands." 
 
 Previous to this time, the town had invariably voted upon each demand 
 or bill against the town, separately — or,- in other words, had been its own 
 auditor — but this way of doing the business had now become too cumber- 
 some, and, to save time and trouble, a committee was chosen " to audit the 
 bills of claims, and so to settle the account on each bill, and return the 
 sum total to the town." The amount reported, was nineteen pounds, 
 seventeen shillings, two and a half pence, for which the selectmen were 
 ordered to lay a rate upon the inhabitants. 
 
 This year, a building was ordered to be erected for a watch-house, school- 
 house, and for any other use to which it might be appropriated. It was 
 built on what is now Main street, near the top of the hill, and faced the 
 Merrimack. 
 
 Trouble with the Indians already again threatened the frontier towns, 
 and measui'es of defense forced themselves upon the inhabitants. From 
 documents in the State Archives, we learn that in March and April of this 
 year, (1700) Capt. Samuel Ayer had twenty soldiers under his command, 
 who were in constant service during that time in this town. March 16th, 
 twenty men were sent from Ipswich to Haverhill ; thirty to Wells ; fifteen 
 to York ; fifteen to Kittery, and ten to Amesbury. 
 
206 HISTORY OF HAVERHILti. 
 
 On tlie 3d. of June, a grammar-scliool was ordered to be established im- 
 mediately, and Mr. Kichard Saltonstall was appointed to procure a suitable 
 instructor. In July thirty pounds were raised to be appropriated for that 
 purpose; and the selectmen were ordered to " write a letter to the scholar 
 that Eichard Saltonstall had treated with, or to some other meet person, 
 to invite him to come and be the school-master for this town of Haverhill." 
 
 The school was not, however, established ; as we find that the next year, 
 September 12th, a meeting was called to see about a school-master, when 
 
 " The question being moved by some of the inhabitants whether this 
 Town is obliged by the Law to be provided with a Grammar school-master — 
 Yea or no : the Town answers in the negative and therefore do not proceed 
 to do it, because they do not find they have the number of one hundred 
 families or householders which the law mentions." 
 
 At the annual election, in 1701, John White was chosen Town GlerJc^ 
 in place of Nathaniel Saltonstall, who had filled the oifice regularly, and 
 accej)tably, since 1668, a period of more than thirty years. The latter 
 was now an old man, grown gray in the active and honorable servive of 
 his country, and his town, and he sought, in the retirement of his own 
 fire-side, that repose which should the better fit him for his approaching 
 sunset of life.='= 
 
 A special committee was chosen, at this time, " to seat all such strangers 
 as are come to town since the last seating, or such as may come the present 
 year to dwell here as settled inhabitants." It was further ordered that, 
 " if any of the inhabitants did sit in any seat where he or she was not 
 seated, should pay a fine of one shilling in money." 
 
 It appears that Joseph Peasely had recently sufl"ered considerably by 
 fire, for the town " voted to give him his rates " on that account. 
 
 Early in the spring, the Indians again made their appearance, in small 
 parties, traversing the woods in every direction. They soon became bold, 
 and attacked the garrison of Jonathan Emerson ; but were repulsed with 
 the loss of two killed, while the whites sustained no injury. One of the 
 soldiers, after the war was over, meeting one of the Indians, spoke of 
 the attack, when the following dialogue ensued : — 
 
 " ' You had two of your number slain,' said the garrison man. ' How 
 do you know that?' asked the Indian. 'We saw your biers,' was the 
 reply. ♦ Ugh, Ugh,' grunted the tawny fellow of the woods. 'And you 
 put them in the great hole,' continued the garrison man. 'Ugh, Ugh! 
 no, we did not,' muttered the Indian, feeling that he was questioned too 
 closely. ' What did you do with them ? ' asked the garrison man, laugh- 
 
 « He died in 1707. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 207 
 
 ing in his sleeve, as the saying is, confident that he had the best end of 
 the dispute. 'We carried them to the deep hole above,' he replied, 
 sharply ; and immediately wheeled about and marched for the woods."" 
 
 The " deep holes," referred to by the Indian, were situated in the low- 
 lands, a short distance from the junction of Fishing and Little Eivers, 
 and not far from the present brick-yards. One of them not many years 
 since, was near fifteen feet in depth, and was called the great hole ; and 
 the other was called the deep hole. Soon after the attack on the garrison, 
 two Indian biers were found near them, which led to the supposition that 
 two of the enemy were slain. 
 
 The breaking out of a new war in Europe, was the occasion of this re- 
 newal of Indian hostilities. The inhabitants of the town again found 
 themselves exposed to all the dangers and horrors of a savage border war- 
 fare, and were obliged to resort to former measures of defence and security. f 
 In addition to the old garrisons, one was ordered to be kept in the north- 
 easterly part of the town, in the house of James Sanders, who lived near 
 the foot of the hill still known by his name, — "Sander's Hill." His 
 house stood on or near the site of the present house of Eichard Stuart. | 
 
 It was customary for the nearest neighbors to sleep in the garrisons at night, 
 but one Thomas Whittier,§ a member of the Society of Friends, who lived near 
 the garrison above mentioned, always refused to shelter himself and family 
 beneath its roof. Eelying upon the weapons of his faith, he left his own 
 house unguarded, and unprotected with palisades, and carried with him no 
 weapons of war. The Indians frequently visited him, and the family often 
 heard them, in the stillness of the evening, whispering beneath the 
 windows, and sometimes saw them peep in upon the little group of prac- 
 tical "non-resistants." Friend Whittier always treated them civilly 
 and hospitably, and they ever retired without molesting him. To injure 
 such a household, was too diabolical, even for a blood-thirsting savage. 
 
 January 5, 1702, a meeting was called to see about laying a tax " for 
 the defraying the Town charges in 1701." The following, which is given 
 as the total indebtedness of the Town, is well worth a place in our pages : — 
 
 " To Mr Benj Eolfe £01.10.00 
 
 To Capt Ayre 09.15.00 
 
 ® Tradition. — Mirick. 
 
 t The House of Representatives (1702) ordered snow-shoes to be provided for the frontier towns, on 
 account of their exposure to Indian depredations in the winter. 
 
 X John Sanders, the first of that name in this town, was from Weeks, in the Parish of Dainton, County 
 of Wilts, England. He made his will in 1670. The above-named James, was, we believe, a son of the 
 first John. 
 
 § The ancester of our distinguished Poet. 
 
208 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 To John White 06,14.00 
 
 To the Schoolmaster 06.00.00 
 
 To the Selectmen's salary 02.10.00 
 
 To the Assessors of the Country Tax 01.04.00 
 
 To making return of the choice of Representative 00.06.00 
 
 To time and money spent to obtain a Schoolmaster 00.06.00 
 
 To returning an account of the Country Tax 00.08.00 
 
 To Jotham Hendrick 01.03.06 
 
 To Constable Bartlitt 00.03.00 
 
 To Hanniel Clark 00.12.00 
 
 To Constable Simmons 00.03.00 
 
 To Capt Simon Wainwright 00.02.00 
 
 To the Committee for Micall Emerson's land 01.10.00 
 
 The above sums the Town voted to pay, after deducting the following 
 credits : — 
 
 *' Due to the Town from Ens. Saml Hutchins £00.09.09 
 
 from Joseph Bond 00.08.06 
 
 from Serjt Josiah Gage 00.07.03 
 
 from Const. Saml Ayer, 00.08.06 
 
 Leaving the Town's indebtedness £31.12.06, for which a rate, or tax, 
 was voted to be made. This year, John Hutchins was chosen '• Sealer of 
 Leather."* Such an ofl&cer was first chosen in 1675, and from. that time 
 to 1702, Michael Emerson had been annually re-elected. f 
 
 The minister, Mr. Eolfe, applying to the town for a supply of wood, ten 
 pounds was added to his salary for that purpose, and he was also allowed 
 " four public contributions."! 
 
 The Selectmen being ordered to get a Schoolmaster, for this year, " with 
 all the speed they possibly can," engaged a Mr. Tufts, and agreed to pay 
 him thirty-four pounds for his services. The cause of this great hun*y to 
 get a schoolmaster, was the fact, which afterward appears, that the town 
 had been again ''presented" for being destitute of a school. Their post- 
 haste compliance with the law did not, however, save them from a fine for 
 previous neglect. § 
 
 At the annual meeting in 1703, Captain Eichard Saltonstall petitioned 
 for liberty to run a fence " from the pound cross over the spot where the 
 
 ® John Hutching was a son of Joseph, of this town, who was probably a son of John, of Newbury, as 
 were also John and Samuel, of this town. 
 
 t A CUrh o/ the Market was first chosen in 1698. Ensign Thomas Eatton was the first, and continued 
 in the ofiice until 1706. 
 
 t Four public contributions were first granted him the year previous, and were annually voted him until 
 his death, in 1708. 
 
 I Court Records. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 209 
 
 old meeting-house formerly stood, to his fence," and to " feed the hurying- 
 place." or else he wanted the town themselves to fence in the burying- 
 place by itself. They voted to do the latter. From this it appears that 
 the old meeting-house had already disappeared, though it was only about 
 three years since it was abandoned for worship. Let us, then, fondly 
 believe that it was not, after all, occupied as a horse shed ! 
 
 Mr. Tufts' engagement as schoolmaster having expired, a meeting was 
 held July 21, to see what should be done for the future. After much dis- 
 cussion, the meeting adjourned to August 18th, when they met, and again 
 adjourned to September 15th, without coming to any decision. At the 
 meeting in September, " after much discourse about getting a school- 
 master, the town, on consideration of their troubles with the Indians, 
 resolved that nothing should be done about it, and the meeting was 
 dissolved. 
 
 That the town had good excuse for declining to assume the expense of a 
 school in their then exposed and straightened condition, is made evident 
 by a subsequent order of the G-eneral Court (November 1705) exempting 
 all towns of less than two hundred families from keeping a Grammar 
 School for three years, — on account of their being impoverished by the 
 Indian war. 
 
 The Indians had been quite peaceable for a year or two, and the inhabi- 
 tants pleased themselves with the hope that they would not again trouble 
 them. They therefore relaxed their watchfulness, and neglected to guard 
 their dwellings as strictly as in former years. But the French in Canada 
 were again stirring up the savages to deeds of blood and cruelty, and 
 plotting the ruin of the frontier settlements of New England. 
 
 The first important attack in this war," was made on the 10th of August, 
 when five hundred French and Indians ravaged the settlements from Casco 
 to Wells, and killed and captured one hundred and thirty persons. The 
 news of this incursion had hardly reached this town, when intelligence 
 was received of an attack on Hampton, by a party of thirty Indians, in 
 which five of the inhabitants were killed. It was this alarming intelli- 
 gence, that led to the adjournment of the second meeting above alluded to, 
 and the final decision of September 15 th. 
 
 The attack on Hampton proved to be the last one of that season, and the 
 inhabitants were left to pass a few months in gloomy anxiety, and fearful 
 apprehensions. 
 
 During the winter, as the Indians had heretofore seldom made their 
 appearance before the opening of spring, less care was taken to guard 
 
 * Which is known as the French and Indian War. 
 
 27 
 
210 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL, 
 
 against surprise. This carelessness proved fatal, ere winter was over, as 
 may be seen from the following account, which we copy from Mirick: — 
 
 " On the 8th of February, about 3 or 4 o'clock in the afternoon, =•■■= a 
 party of six Indians attacked the garrison of Joseph Bradley, which was 
 unhappily in an unguarded state — even the sentries had left their stations, 
 and the gates were open. The Indians approached cautiously, and were 
 rushing into the open gates, before they were discovered. Jonathan John- 
 son, a sentinel, who was standing in the house, shot at and wounded the 
 foremost, and Mrs. Bradley, who had a kettle of boiling soap over the fire, 
 seized her ladle, and filling it with the steaming liquid, discharged it on 
 his tawny pate — a soop-orific that almost instantly brought on a sleep, 
 from which he has never since awoke.f The rest of the party immediately 
 rushed forward, killed Johnson, J made prisoner of the intrepid woman, 
 and of some others. Pike in his Journal says four.§ Three persons es- 
 caped from the garrison. The Indians, then fearing lest they should soon 
 be attacked by a stronger party, commenced a hasty retreat, aiming for 
 Canada, which was their place of resort when they had been so successful 
 as to take a number of prisoners, 
 
 Mrs. Bradley was in delicate circumstances, and in slender health ; still 
 she received no kindness from her savage conquerors. No situation of 
 woman would ever protect her from their demon-like cruelties. The 
 weather was cold ; the wind blew keenly over the hills, and the ground 
 was covered with a deep snow, —yet they obliged her to travel on foot, 
 and carry a heavy burthen, too large even for the strength of man. In 
 this manner they proceeded through the wild wilderness ; and Mrs. Brad- 
 ley informed her family, after she returned, that for many days in succes- 
 sion, she subsisted on nothing but bits of skin, ground-nuts, the bark of 
 trees, wild onions, and lily roots. 
 
 ® Pike's Journal. f Penhallow. t Town Records. 
 
 5 We copy the following^ from Mr. Pike's Journal — it is all that he says of the affair. "Feb. S. 
 About 3 or 4 o'clock, afternoon, Joseph Bradley's house, at Haverhill, was taken by six Indians ; 13 per- 
 sons killed and 5 carried away, whereof one returned. 3 more persons escaped out of the house, and 1 In- 
 dian was slain in it by Jonathan Johnson." Mr. Pike is the only one that we can find, who says that 
 thirt^^en persons were killed in this attack. Penhallow, in his history of the "Indian Wars," speaks of 
 no other slain, than Jonathan Johnson and the Indian; and if there were thirteen killed, it appears 
 rather singular that he did not mention it. Mr. Pike says there were only six Indians, and thirteen slain 
 — the disparity of the two parties seem to invalidate his statement, for, unless they were aU children, 
 ■which is not probable, they must have been positive cowards, or been taken extremely unawares. Or, if 
 they were women, it hardly seems probable to us, for women at that period, seem to possess, at times, as 
 much courage and fortitude as the men. Another reason we have for doubting the statement of Mr. 
 Pike, is the silence of the Town-Records on the subject. The death of Mr. Johnson is there faithfully re- 
 corded, thus: — "Jonathan Johnson [birth] killed by the Indians, Feb. 8, 170.3-4." Why did they 
 neglect to record the deaths of the others ? It appears to us that, if other persons were slain, their deaths 
 would have been recorded as well as that of Mr. Johnson. — Mirick. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERniLL. 211 
 
 While in this situation, with noiie but savages for her assistants and 
 protectors, and in the midst of a thick forest, she gave hirth to a child. 
 The Indians then, as if they were not satisfied with persecuting the mother, 
 extended their cruelties to the innocent and almost friendless babe. For 
 the want of proper attention, it was sickly, and probably troublesome; 
 and when it cried, these remorseless fiends showed their pity, by throwing 
 embers into 'its mouth. ■•^ They told the mother that if she would permit 
 them to baptize it in their manner, they would suffer it to live. Unwil- 
 ling to deny their request, lest it should enrage their fierce and diabolical 
 passions, and hoping that the little innocent would receive kindness at 
 their hands, she complied with their request. They took it from her, and 
 baptized it by gashing its forehead with their knives. f The feelings of 
 the mother, when the child was returned to her with its smooth and white 
 forehead gashed with the knife, and its warm blood coursing down its 
 cheeks, can be better imagined than described. 
 
 Soon as Mrs. Bradley had regained sufficient strength to travel, the In- 
 dians again took up their march for Canada. But before they arrived at 
 their place of rendezvous, she had occasion to go a little distance from the 
 party, and when she returned, she beheld a sight shocking to a mother, 
 and to every feeling of humanity. Her child, which was born in sorrow, 
 and nursed in the lap of aflEliction, and on which she doted with maternal 
 fondness, was piked upon a pole.| Its excrutiating agonies were over — 
 it could no more feel the tortures of the merciless savages — and its mother 
 could only weep over its memory. Soon after, they proceeded to Canada, 
 where Mrs. Bradley was sold to the French for eighty livres. She informed 
 her friends, after her return, that she was treated kindly by the family 
 in which she lived. It was her custom, morning and evening, when she 
 milked her master's cow, to take with her a crust of bread, soak it with 
 milk, and eat it ; with this, and with the rations allowed her by her mas- 
 ter, she eked out a comfortable subsistance.§ 
 
 In March, 1705, her husband, hearing that she was in the possession of 
 the French, started for Canada with the intention of redeeming her. He 
 travelled on foot, accompanied only by a dog that drew a small sled, in 
 which he carried a bag of snuff, as a present from the Governor of this 
 Province to the Governor of Canada. || When he arrived, he immediately 
 redeemed her,^ and set sail from Montreal for Boston, which they reached 
 in safety ; and from thence travelled to Haverhill. 
 
 = PenhaUow. t Tradition. I Rev. Abiel Abbot's MSS. § Tradition. 
 
 II The only authority we have of the dog and sled, and bag of snuff, is tradition, which we heard related 
 very minutely by his descendants. — Mirick. 
 1[ Penljallow, p. 10. 
 
212 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 Penhallow'' mentions this as her second captivity, and Hutchinson says 
 the same ; but Penhallow is, without doubt, his authority. Diligent 
 search has been made to learn the history of her first ; but, thus far it has 
 been unsuccessful. Very accurate traditions of the captivities of the other 
 members of the family, have been transmitted to their descendants, but 
 they have never heard their fathers tell that this person was taken at any 
 other time ; at least, they can give no account of such a fact. "We ex- 
 tract the following, from Eev. Abiel Abbot's MS., taken by him from 
 Judith Whiting : — "Destitute of nurses and necessaries, the child was 
 sickly, and apt to cry, and they would put hot embers in its mouth. Be- 
 ing obliged to leave it a short time, on her return, she found it piked on a 
 pole. '•■' '-■^ '■' '••' Having been brought home by her husband, she was 
 taken a second time, but not before she had finished and wounded an In- 
 dian, by pouring boiling soap into his mouth." From this, it appears that 
 she was twice captivated ; but of the truth of the statement, in this par- 
 ticular, we will not undertake to judge. It certainly does not agree with 
 Penhallow's, and if we rely on one, we must throw up the other, at least, 
 in part." 
 
 Mrs. Bradley's deposition, which we give in another place, is conclusive 
 evidence that the above was her second captivity. As we have it from 
 one of her descendants, Mrs. Bradley was engaged in boiling soap, when 
 she was startled by the appearance of Indians at her very door, one of 
 whom exclaimed, exultingly, — " Now, Hannah, me got you." Instead, 
 however, of quietly allowing herself to be captured a second time, Hannah 
 saluted the savage with such vigorous applications of " soft soap," that he 
 quickly gave up the ghost. After a desperate resistance, she was at last 
 made a prisoner. Eevenge for the death of their comrade, was doubtless 
 the principal cause of the subsequent tortures of the child by the savages. 
 Their extreme barbarity, in this particular instance, can only be accounted 
 for upon some such supposition. Their ingenuity was always exerted to 
 the utmost in devising tortures for a brave warrior, when taken prisoner, 
 and the case of Mrs. Bradley is but a similar instance of their revenge 
 and cruelty. 
 
 On the 29th of the same month in which the attack was made on the 
 garrison of Mr. Bradley, Hertel de Eouville, with two hundred French, and 
 one hundred and forty-two Indians, fell upon the town of Deerfield, Mass., 
 killed forty-seven, and made prisoners of one hundred and twelve of its 
 
 ' Hist, of Indian Wars, p. 10. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 213 
 
 inhabitants. April 25tli, two persons were killed, and two captured, at 
 Oyster Eiver ; and again in August several more were killed at the same 
 place- 
 It was indeed a time of trial to the inhabitants of the frontier. '••' On the 
 3d of August, Colonel Saltonstall thus writes to Colonel Thomas Noyes, of 
 Newbury : — f 
 
 " Sir, by his excellency's express direction I command you in her 
 majesty's name forthwith to appoint and set forth one-half *of your com- 
 pany by name and have them ready, well fixt with arms & ammunition 
 and ten day's provision to march at an hours warning. The command is 
 strict." 
 
 On the 4th of August, Joseph Page, and Bartholomew Heath, of this 
 town, were killed by the Indians, and a lad who was with them, narrowly 
 escaped the same fate.| The particulars of this attack are now lost. 
 
 On the 28th of September, Colonel Saltonstall again writes to Colonel 
 Noyes : — 
 
 »' I desire and order that by tomorrow morning at farthest you press 
 and post at your block houses in Newbury twelve able souldiers, three at 
 each of your four (block) houses, to abide there night and day, to watch." 
 
 Happily, no further attacks were made that year ; but such was the 
 distress and poverty occasioned by the Indian hostilities, that the town 
 ordered its selectmen to petition the Assembly for an abatement of this 
 year's taxes. 
 
 During the next year, no attacks were made by the Indians, but the in- 
 habitants had every reason to expect them, and were obliged to keep a 
 constant watch and guard, day and night. In June, Governor Dudley 
 ordered Colonel Saltonstall " to detach twenty able soldiers of the New- 
 bury militia and have them rendezvous at Haverhill on July fifth." 
 
 On the appearance of these " able soldiers " in this town. Colonel Sal- 
 tonstall thus writes to Colonel Noyes, of Newbury : — § 
 
 "Haverhill, July 17, 1705. 
 
 I received your return of ye twenty men ye Governor commanded me 
 to call for, and when ye persons (which I cant't call men) appeared, even 
 a considerable number of them, to be but boys, or children, and not fit for 
 service, blind in part, and deaf, and cross-handed, I stopt till I waited on 
 
 •^ April 4th, a general Fast was held throughout the New England colonies, on account of the war with 
 France and Spain. 
 t Coffin. 
 
 X Pike's Journal. Joseph Page was a son of Joseph ; and Bartholomew Heath was a son of John. 
 § Coffin. 
 
214 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 ye governor, ye twelfth instant and upon liberty to speak with him, I with 
 ye major have taken ye best care we can to keep the men and children 
 sent hither for ye present, till I may have opportunity to tell you the 
 queen likes it not to be served in this manner. 
 
 But in one special, Nicholas " =■■= '•= '■' =•■= by name, is blind, and deaf, and 
 small, and not fit to be continued, and therefore to be short, I send Nicho- 
 las "' '••' "' * " * '••^ home to you, and do expect that you will send some able 
 man in his place, if you have an able one in Newbury. 
 
 The other diminutives are sent out to garrison at present, or else you 
 had mett with them to return to you for ye like exchanged 
 
 My heart, if it speaks, is full. I wait a suitable time, to tell you what 
 I have to say on her majesty's behalf. To take boyes for orriyinally prest 
 men, and they hired too, I know not ye regularity of it. I shall be glad to 
 see you, and intend to do it at Haverhill or Newbury or a middle place, 
 as you will desire, if I am able to attend, to see what is right and what is 
 our duty for us to do. 
 
 Your very humble servant, 
 
 Nathaniel Saltonstall. 
 
 To lieutenant-colonel Thomas Noyes." 
 
 No one, we think, can blame the Colonel for writing thus severely. To 
 send hired hoys, in place of able soldiers, to defend a frontier town against 
 merciless savages, was indeed cruel. No wonder his heart was fidl, when 
 he contemplated the feeble resistance such " soldiers" would make, incase 
 of an attack. The bloody record of 1708 fully reveals the sad result of 
 depending upon " hired boys " for defence ! 
 
 A fortnight later, Colonel Saltonstall again writes to Colonel Noyes : — 
 
 " August 4th 1705. 
 
 One Smith came this day with two of his sons in order to get a release 
 for John Danford. I wonder how you concern yourself so much about this 
 man, to get Danford home, and disregard your default and have- not yet 
 sent a good man for that pitiful insufficient sick man Nicholas " =•■' =•■' " =•■' =••' ■•■= 
 whom I sent oflF ye sixteenth of July last to you to send a better hand, & 
 he to returne in two days time to me but he is not yet come, nor other for 
 him. Pray consider what lyes at your doore and do not deale so unhand- 
 somely with your patient friend and humble servant, N. Saltonstall. 
 
 To lieutenant-colonel Thomas Noyes." 
 
 Thank Heaven, no attack was made by the enemy that season. Had it 
 been otherwise. Colonel Noyes would have had bitter cause to " consider " 
 the grevious wrong that lay at his door." 
 
 *•■ A company of " Centinels," under Captain Saltonstall, was also posted at Bradford block-houses, from 
 April 6th, to September 7th, of the same year, and probably still later. 
 
HISTORY or HAVERHILL. 215 
 
 But little business was clone "by the town in this and the two succeeding 
 years. The inhabitants were so closely occupied in guarding the lives of 
 their families, that little time or inclination was left for anything else. 
 
 In 1705, John Swan, and Jonathan Emerson, were granted the privilege 
 of setting up a grist-mill, on Little Eiver. The location was, we judge, 
 near where Mr. Eich recently erected a mill, — about midway between 
 the mouth of the river, and the Winter Street Bridge, — and near where 
 Ezekiel Hale formerly had a grist-mill. 
 
 At the next annual meeting, John White was allowed to build a " full- 
 ing-mill on Mill Brook, near his now dwelling house." The location was 
 probably near where the plaster-mill now stands. This was the first mill 
 of that kind in town. 
 
 The granting of new lands was still held in abeyance, as it was not yet 
 known to whom they belonged. The town were evidently determined to 
 move carefully in the matter, as may be seen from the following : — 
 
 " Capt Saml Ayer moving to the proprietors of the land lying in Com- 
 mon in Haverhill that before any vote or act pass for the disposing of the 
 land or timber in Haverhill, it may be known who by law have right to 
 vote in the affair : This petition is granted." 
 
 " Many other petitions were read in the Town meeting, but because of 
 the last vote, nothing was acted on them." 
 
 At the same meeting, a motion was made that the Town Clerk have the 
 keeping of the " Town's old book of grants and orders so that copies might 
 be given out, as out of other books in his hands," but being strongly ob- 
 jected to, it was not put to vote.-' 
 
 A committee of five were chosen, at the same time, to "run lines and 
 settle bounds between individuals and the common-lands," and " the mod- 
 erator gave notice for a meeting of the jjroprietors of the Common or 
 undivided lands in Haverhill for April 2d." 
 
 April 2d, " at a meeting of the Commoners," the old committee chosen 
 to examine the claims of persons to these lands, were dismissed, and a new 
 one chosen.f This new committee were ordered "to do it as speedily as 
 they can." 
 
 The next meeting of the Commoners, was July 21, 1707, when nothing 
 was done except to adjourn to September 2d. At the latter meeting, a 
 committee was chosen to prosecute all trespassers on the common lands, 
 
 " We do not learn in whose hands the book was at this time, but it was probably one of the original 
 proprietors of the township, 
 t Captain Samuel Ayre, John White, Joseph Peasely, Sen. 
 
216 HISTOUY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 and tlie Town Clerk was empowered, as "Clerk of the Proprietors in Hav- 
 erhill Commons," to execute a power of attorney for the committee.* - 
 
 At the Commoners' meeting of September 2d, Thomas Ayer petitioned 
 " for a small piece of land to set a house on near the Meeting house, that 
 so the said Ayer's wife might be the better accommodated for the keeping 
 of school to teach children to read." The Selectmen were empowered to 
 lay him out a piece for that purpose, to enjoy during her lifetime. f 
 
 "With the opening of the spring of 1706, the Indians again commenced 
 harrassing the frontier settlements. The first attack was made in April, 
 at Oyster Eiver, where eight persons were killed, and two wounded. On 
 the 3d of July, seven were killed at Dunstable, and the same day, Ser- 
 geant Kingsbury, of this town, was killed, or taken prisoner, f A few 
 days after, (10th) two more were killed, and two captured, at Dunstable ; 
 and the same party penetrated as far as Amesbury, where they killed some 
 cattle. At Exeter, the same day, four were killed, one wounded, and 
 three captured. About the same time, one person was killed at Hampton. 
 
 To add to the general alarm. Governor Dudley received intelligence from 
 Colonel Schuyler, of Albany, that two hundred and seventy French and 
 Indians were on the march toward Piscataqua ! Fortunately for the in- 
 habitants, the expedition was abandoned. 
 
 Sometime in the summer of this year, a small party of Indians again 
 visited the garrison of Joseph Bradley ; and it is said that he, his wife 
 and children, and a hired man, were the only persons in it at the time. It 
 was in the night, the moon shone brightly, and they could be easily seen, 
 silently and cautiously approaching. Mr. Bradley armed himself, his wife 
 and man, each with a gun, and such of his children as could shoulder one. 
 Mrs. Bradley, supposing that they had come purposely for her, told her 
 husband that she had rather be killed than be again taken. The Indians 
 rushed upon the garrison, and endeavored to beat down the door. They 
 succeeded in pushing it partly open, and when one of the Indians began 
 to crowd himself through the opening, Mrs. Bradley fired her gun and shot 
 him dead. The rest of the party, seeing their companion fall, desisted 
 from their purpose, and hastily retreated. § 
 
 Some idea of the dangers and alarms of these years, and the great exer- 
 tions made for the security of the frontier towns, may be had from the 
 
 " Suits were immediately instituted against several persons by the Committee. 
 
 t Thomas Ayer married Ruth Wilford. Children, — Euth, born 1095; Josiah, bom 1698; Thomas, 
 born 1699 ; Gibberd, born 1702 ; Euth, born 1705, killed by Indians Augrust 29, 1708. Euth, the wife, 
 was also killed at the same time. Ayer afterward married widow Blasedell. Children, — Euth, born 1711, 
 died young. 
 
 t Pike's Journal. § Tradition. — Mirick. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 217 
 
 large number of soldiers ferried across the Merrimack at a single place — 
 Griffin's ferry, opposite the present village: — March 9, 1705, thirty 
 men; July 1, 1706, forty -seven men ; 6th, forty-five men and horses ; 9th 
 forty-one men; loth, thirty-eight men and horses; June -1th, 1707, eleven 
 men ; 14th, forty-five men and horses; oOth, thirty-one men and horses ; 
 July loth, thirty-nine men and horses; August 1st forty-five men and 
 horses; 2Gth, thirty-nine men and horses; September 27th, thirty men 
 and horses; October 24th, forty-four men and horses. In 1708, Griffin 
 ferried across, at various times, one hundred and eighty men, and thirty- 
 one horses. A company of " Centiuels," under Colonel Saltonstall, was 
 posted at Bradford, from May 20th to October 7th ; and another at Ando- 
 ver for the same time. 
 
 No further damage was done by the enemy, until the next spring, when 
 (May 22, 1707,) a small party killed and captured four persons at Oyster 
 Eiver. On the 24th of June, Joseph and Ebenezer Page, sons of Joseph 
 Page of this town, were killed by the Indians. In August, another attack 
 was made on the town, in which Nathan Simonds, of this town, and Jon- 
 athan Marsh, of Salem, were wounded.''^ The particulars of these attacks 
 on the town are now lost. In September, two persons were killed at 
 Kingston and Exeter, and a party of Mohawks attacked the settlement at 
 Oyster Piiver, killing eight of the inhabitants, and wounding another. 
 
 For several months succeeding this, the enemy seemed to have forsaken 
 the frontiers, and the inhabitants once more began to feel some degree of 
 security. But, early in the spring of 1708, intelligence was carried to 
 Governor Dudley, at Boston, that an army, consisting of eight hundred 
 men, was about marching for some one of the frontier settlements. Upon 
 the receipt of this, he " ordered guards in the most exposed places of both 
 his provinces." A body of troops, under Captain Eobert Coffin, patrolled 
 from Kingston to Cocheco, and scouts were ordered to be kept out 
 continually. Four hundred Massachusetts Militia were posted in N. H. 
 Province. The guard sent to this town, consisted of about forty men, 
 accompanied with three officers, from Salem, — Major Turner, (afterward 
 Colonel, a principal merchant of that place, and for many years a member 
 of the council) , Captain Price, and Captain Gardner, and soon after their 
 arrival, they were posted in the frontier houses and garrisons. The follow- 
 ing account is copied from Mirick : — 
 
 " Early in the year, a grand council was held at Montreal, when an 
 extensive engagement was agreed upon ; which was to be joined by the 
 principal Indians of every tribe in Canada, the Abenakis tribe, one hundred 
 
 o State Archives, Vol. 8. 
 28 
 
218 HISTORY OF HATEEniLL. 
 
 select French Canadians, and a number of volunteers, several of whom 
 were oflScers in the French army, composing a formidable body of about 
 four hundred men. The French were commanded by DeChaillons, and the 
 infamous Hertel de Eouville, the sacker of Deerfield,'-' and the Indians by 
 by La Perriere. The Indians were merciless, insolent and revengeful; 
 but the French at that period ecjualled, and we had almost said, exceeded 
 them in acts of wantonness and barbarity. When the former were weary 
 of murdering " poor, helpless women and children" — when they were 
 glutted with blood, it is said that M. Vaudreuil, then Governor of Canada^ 
 employed the latter to do it.f 
 
 To excite less surprise among the English, they divided their army into 
 two bodies ; the French with the Algonquin, the St. Francois, and Huron 
 Indians, were to take the route by the river St. Francois, and La Perriere 
 and the French Mohawks, were to pass by Lake Champlain. Lake 
 Nickisipigue was appointed the place of rendezvous, and there they were to 
 meet the Norridgewock, the Penobscot, and other eastern tribes. J These 
 arrangements being completed, they commenced their march the 16th of 
 July ; but before the first named party had arrived at the St. Francois, 
 a Huron was accidentally killed by a companion, which was considered by 
 the tribe as an ill-omen, and that the expedition, though commenced under 
 such favorable auspices, would certainly prove unfortunate. Strongly 
 impressed with this idea, and not wishing to be connected with it if it 
 should so prove, they deserted. The Mohawks then pretended that an 
 infectious distemper had broken out among them, and that it would soon 
 spread among the rest of the tribes, if they remained — and they also 
 returned. M. Vaudreuil, when he heard of this, immediately sent word to 
 the French officers to proceed, and fall upon some of the English settle- 
 ments, even if they should be deserted by the Algonquin and St. Francois 
 tribes. These, however, remained firm to their allegiance, and they 
 continued their march ; but when they arrived at Xickisipigue, their 
 rendezvous, what was their astonishment at finding that the eastern Indians 
 had broken faith with them. 
 
 It is said that their first design was to attack Poi-tsmouth, and then, 
 marching rapidly onward to other settlements, spread terror and desolation 
 
 =■ Deerfield was desolated in the winter of ITOi. Tbe French and Indians were commanded by this 
 same Hertei de Eouville, whose name will ever he coupled with infamy, assisted by four of his brothers ; 
 all of whom had been trained up to the business by their father, wha had been a famous partizan in their 
 former wars. They slaughtered forty-seven of the inhabitants, plundered the village, and set it on fire. 
 They then retreated, carrjing with them one hundred and twelve, as prisoners of war. Dr. Samuel 
 Williams, the immediate descendant of one of the principal sufferers, and the accomplished historian of 
 Vermont, has given an interesting account of the whole affair. 
 
 t Hntthinson. + Ibid. 
 
HISTORY OF nAVEUniLL, 219 
 
 along the ■wliole frontier. But being unable to accomplish this, on account 
 of the unexpected desertions, they were obliged to modify their plan. 
 Their whole force was now about 250, a small number when compared 
 with that which started from Canada. Probably the French officers felt 
 ashamed to return without effecting something, after they had been at so 
 much trouble and expense ; accordingly, Haverhill, a compact village, 
 consisting of about thirty houses,--' was selected for the slaughter. 
 
 At the break of day, on the 29th of August, they passed the frontier 
 garrisons undiscovered, and were first seen near the pound, marching two 
 and two, by John Keezar,f who was returning from Amesbury. He im- 
 mediately ran into the village and alarmed the inhabitants, who seem to 
 have slept totally unguarded, by firing his gun near the meeting-house. 
 The enemy soon appeared, making the air ring with terrific yells, with a 
 sort of whistle, which says tradition, could be heard as far as a horn, and 
 clothed in all the ten-ors of a savage war-dress. They scattered in every 
 direction over the village, so that they might accomplish their bloody work 
 with more despatch. The first person they saw, was Mrs. Smith, whom 
 they shot as she was flj'iug from her house to a garrison. The foremost 
 party attacked the housej of Eev. Benjamin Eolfe, which was then garri- 
 soned with three soldiers, and he, and a part of his beloved famil}-, were 
 suddenly awakened from their slumbers, only to hear the horrid knell for 
 their departure. Mr. Eolfe instantly leaped from his bed, placed himself 
 against the door, which they were endeavoring to beat in, and called on 
 t?je soldiers for assistance ; but these craven-hearted men refused to give 
 it, for they were palsied with fear, and walked to and fro through the 
 
 c Hutchinson, 
 
 t This Kcezar, the son of John Keezar, who -n-as killed -when Mrs. Dustin -was captured, was a very 
 eccentric man, and a jack of all trades. He was said to be exceedingly proud of his proficiency in walking 
 leaping, and other manual exercises ; and, if tradition may be relied upon, he was certainly a great walker 
 and leaper ; for it said that he walked to Boston and back again in one night, and jumped over a cart 
 with two large pails full of milk in his hands. It was his custom to go from this town to Amesbury and 
 p-.tch his t«nt on the side of a hill, where he worked at the trade of shoemaking, and lived in all respect-s, 
 while there, like an austere hermit. Seme say, that when he discovered the enemy, he was OEt to take in 
 his horse, which, according to his custom, he had turned into his neighbor's field to feed. Others say they 
 were discovered by one Hutchins, who was out to steal mUk from his neighbor's cows. 
 
 Another account says that the slaughter might have been prevented had it not been for the agitation of 
 a young man, who, intending to start very early that morning for a distant town, went up on the Common 
 to catch his horse, and while there, discovered the enemy advancing toward the village. He immediately 
 hastened to the town, but in his extreme agitation, he thought only of the safety of the young lady to 
 whom he had paid very particular attention some time previous. It is said that he passed through a part 
 of the village, went directly to the abode of his mistress, and concealed her in a pile of boards. He then, 
 after seeing h:s own property safe, and -srhich, perhaps, was all he possessed in the wide world, gave the 
 alarm ; but the attack had already commenced. 
 
 t Where Dr. Moses Xichols' house now stands. 
 
220 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 chambers, crying and swinging tlieir arms.=''= Had they displayed "but half 
 the ordinary courage of men, no doubt they would have successfully de- 
 fended the house. But, instead of that, they did not fire a gun, or even 
 lift a finger toward its defence. The enemy finding their entrance stren- 
 uously opposed, fired two balls through the door, one of which took efi"ect, and 
 wounded Mr. Eolfe in the elbow. They then pressed against it with their 
 united strength, and Mr. Rolfe, finding it impossible to resist them any 
 longer, fled precipitately through the house, and out at the back door. 
 The Indians followed, overtook him at the well, and despatched him with 
 their tomahawks. f They then searched every part of the house for plunder, 
 and also for other victims, on whom they might inflict their savage cruelties. 
 They soon found Mrs. Eolfe and her youngest child, Mehitable, and while 
 one of them sunk his hatchet deep in her head, another took the infant 
 from her dying grasp, and dashed its head against a stone near the door. 
 
 Two of Mr. Kolfe's children, about six and eight years of age,| were 
 providentially saved by the sagacity and courage of Hagar, a negro slave, 
 who was an inmate of the family. Upon the first alarm, she leaped from 
 her bed, carried them into the cellar, covered them with two tubs, and 
 then concealed herself The enemy entered the cellar and plundered it of 
 every thing valuable. They repeatedly passed the tubs that covered the 
 two children, and even trod on the foot of one, without discovering them. 
 They drank milk from the pans, then dashed them on the cellar bottom, 
 and took meat from the barrel, behind which Hagar was concealed. § 
 
 ° Just what we might expect of such " hired boys" as Colonel Xoyes had sent to defend (!) the town. 
 — O. W. C. 
 
 t Another account says that he was killed by one of the bullets shot through the door, and this we be- 
 lieve is the prevailing opinion ; but we feel confident that it is untrue. We know that it is hard for others, 
 as well as ourselves, to give up a tradition which we have often heard repeated by our neighbors, and by 
 our fiithers ; but in this case we think it must be done, if the truth is desired. When we first began to 
 develope the affair, we felt confident, almost to a certainty, that he was killed through the door, because 
 every body said so ; and indeed, we had so wrote it, and read it to a friend of ours, who agreed with us on 
 that point, at least he made no objections to it. But while examining other affairs, we were shown some 
 extracts from the manuscript account of Rev. Abiel Abbot, taken by him from the lips of Judith Whiting, 
 and which has been before mentioned in this work. Mrs. Whiting was eight years old when the attack 
 happened, and when she gave the account to Mr. Abbot, though very aged, her faculties were unimpaired ; 
 and she stated that he was shot through the elbow, fled through the house, and was tomahawked at the 
 well. We place much reliance on her statement, and no doubt, the story of Mr. Rolfe'a being killed 
 through the door, arose from the wound which he received in his elbow. It appears to us very probable 
 that it .should. — Mirick. 
 
 I Elizabeth, was aftenvard the wife of the Rev. Samuel Cbeckley, of Boston, and was the mother of 
 the wife of Samuel Adams, the patriot. Mary became the wife of Colonel Estes Hatch, of Dorchester. 
 
 § " Her father's maid-servant hearing that the Indians were npon them, jumped from her bed, and with 
 wonderful presence of mind, took two of the little daughters, who probably slept in the room with her, 
 one 13 and the other 9, named Mary and Elizabeth, and fled with them into the cellar. There, under 
 two large tubs, she concealed them, and then successfully concealed herself."— iira/je'* History of Boston. 
 
HISTOKY OF HAVERHILL. 221 
 
 Anna Whittaker, who was then living in the family of Mr. Rolfe, pro- 
 bably as a nurse, concealed herself in an apple-chest, under the stairs, and 
 escaped unharmed.'- But it fared differently with the cowardly soldiers. 
 They earnestly begged for mercy, of their inhuman conquerors, but their 
 cries were unheeded ; and when the massacre was over, their bodies were 
 numbered with the slain. We can have no pity for the fate of such 
 contemptible cowards. A man who will shrink from danger at such a time, 
 and in such a situation, while he holds the weapons of defence in his hands, 
 should be ranked with the reptile, and ever be looked upon with scorn by 
 the world. The names of such, should sink in oblivion, or survive as 
 memorials of surpassing infamy. 
 
 The family of Thomas Hartshorne suffered as severely as that of Mr. 
 Eolfe. He saw a party approaching to assault his house, which stood a 
 few rods west of the meeting-house, and escaped out of it, followed by two 
 of his sons, to call assistance ; but all three were shot dead immediately 
 after leaving it. A third son was tomahawked as he was coming out at 
 the door. Mrs. Hartshorne, with that presence of mind which is a 
 characteristic of her sex, when surrounded with danger, instantly took the 
 rest of her children — except an infant which she left on the bed in the 
 garret, and which she was afraid would, by its cries, betray their place of 
 concealment, if she took it with her — through a trap door into the cellar. 
 The enemy entered the house, and began to plunder it, but happily did 
 not discover them. They went into the garret, took the infant from its 
 bed, and threw it out of the window. It fell on a pile of clapboards, and 
 when the action was over, it was found completely stunned. It lived, 
 however, and became a man of uncommon stature, and of remarkable 
 strength. His neighbors would frequently joke him, and say that the 
 Indians stunted him when they threw him from the garret-window, f 
 
 One of the parties proceeded towards the river, and attacked the house 
 of Lieutenant John Johnson. J Mr. Johnson and his wife, with an infant a 
 
 * From the following extract, it would seem that Anna Whittaker afterward claimed for herself the 
 credit of saving the children. The above, however, has always been considered the correct version of the 
 incident : — " Brookfield, Sep 24, 1764. 
 
 On the 8th Inst . died after a few Days illness, Mrs Anna Heyward m the 74th Year of her Age, 
 the Wife of Oliver Heyward Esq. She has left by a former Husband {John Hind) 13 Children, 82 
 Grand-Children, and 17 Great-G-rand-Children, in all 112. She was very useful as a Mid-wife, and in her 
 last sickness she had a most unshaken Trust in the Mercy of God, through the Kedecmer. In her Youth, 
 when the Savages invaded Haverhill, she saved two Children of the Eev Mr Rolfe" s, by hiding them in 
 the Cellar alter the Indians had entered the House while they were glutting their Rage on the Parents : 
 the two Indians followed her into the Cellar, yet such was her Presence of Mind, and Dexterity, that she 
 conceaVd the Children and herself that they escaped their Notice; and they were the only Members of 
 the Family at Home who survived the bloody Carnage." — From Massachusetts Gazette, Sejit. 27, 17C4. 
 
 t Abbott's MSS. 
 
 X Johnson's house stood on the spot now covered by the Exchange building, on Water Street. 
 
222 HISTORY OF nAVERHILL. 
 
 year old iu her arms, were standing at tlie door, when the enemy made 
 their appearance. Mr. Johnson was shot, and his wife fled throv;gh the 
 house into the garden," carrying her babe, where she was overtaken by the 
 foe, and immediately despatched. But when she fell, she was careful not 
 to injure her child, and it seemed as if her last thoughts were for its 
 safety. The enemy, it appears, did not murder it, and it is somewhat 
 remarkable that they did not; for they always took great delight in 
 torturing and dashing out the brains of innocent babes. Perhaps it was 
 because the mother was not alive to witness its agonies. After the massa- 
 cre was over, it was found at the breast of its dead mother, f 
 
 Another party rifled and burnt the house of Mr. Silver, which stood 
 within ten rods of the meeting house, and others attacked the watch-house, 
 which was, however, successfully defended. Another party went to the 
 house of Captain Simon "\Yainwright,± whom they killed at the first fire. 
 The soldiers stationed in the chambers, were preparing to defend the house 
 till the last, when Mrs. Wainwright fearlessly unbarred the door, and let 
 them in. She spoke to them kindly, waited upon them with seeming 
 alacrity, and promised to procure them whatever they desired. The enemy 
 knew not what to make of this ; — the apparent cheerfulness with which 
 they were received, and the kindness with which they were treated, was so 
 diiFcrent from what they expected to meet with, that it seemed to para- 
 lyze their energies. They, however, demanded money of Mrs. AYainwright, 
 and upon her retiring ' to bring it,' as she said, she fled with all her chil- 
 dren, except one daughter who was taken captive, and were not afterwards 
 discovered. The enemy, so soon as they saw how completely they had 
 been deceived, were greatly enraged, and attacked the chambers with 
 great violence ; but the soldiers courageously defended them, and after 
 attempting to fire the house, they retreated, taking with them three pris- 
 oners. In the mean-time, two Indians skulked behind a large stone, which 
 stood in the field a few rods east of the house, where they could fire up- 
 on its inmates at their leisure. The soldiers in the chambers fired upon 
 them, and killed them both. They were afterwards buried in the same 
 field, a few rods south, and but a few years since, the water washed their 
 skeletons from their places of repose. § 
 
 Two Indians attacked the house of Mr. Swan, which stood in the field 
 now galled White's lot,|| nearly opposite to the house of Capt. Emerson. 
 
 c- Where the Osgood Block now stands. t Tradition. 
 
 X Captain Wainwright lived in a house which stood on the ground now covered by that of the late 
 Captain Xehemiah Emerson's, and directly opposite the Winter Street Church. — G. W. C. § Mirick. 
 
 II White's Lot was situated between White and Franklin Streets. Swan's house was probably very 
 near the present site of the Winter Street Church. — G. W. C. 
 
mSTORY OF HAVEKHILL. 223 
 
 Swan and his wife saw them approaching, and determined, if possible, to 
 save their own lives, and the lives of their children, from the knives of the 
 ruthless butchers. They immediately placed themselves against the door, 
 which was so narrow that two could scarcely enter abreast. The 
 Indians rushed against it, but finding that it could not be easily 
 opened, they commenced their operations more systematically. One of 
 them placed his back to the door, so that he could make his whole strength 
 bear upon it, while the others pushed against him. The strength of the 
 besiegers was greater than that of the besieged, and Mr. Swan, being 
 rather a timid man, said our venerable narrator, almost despaired of sav- 
 ing himself and family, and told his wife that he thought it would be bet- 
 ter to let them in. But this resolute and courageous woman had no such 
 idea. The Indians had now succeeded in partly opening the door, and one 
 of them was crowding himself in, while the other was pushing lustily after. 
 The heroic wife saw that there was no time for parleying — she seized her 
 spit, which was nearly three feet in length, and a deadly weapon in the 
 hands of woman, as it proved, and collecting all the strength she pos- 
 sessed, drove it through the body of the foremost. This was too warm a 
 reception for the besiegers — it was resistance from a source, and with a 
 weapon they little expected ; and surely, who else would ever think of 
 spitting a man ? — The two Indians, thus repulsed, immediately retreated 
 and did not molest them again. Thus, by the fortitude and heroic courage 
 of a wife and mother, this family was probably saved from a bloody 
 grave.^'^ 
 
 One of the parties set fire to the back side of the meeting-house, a new 
 and, for that period, an elegant building. These transactions were all per- 
 formed about the same time ; but they were not permitted to continue 
 their work of murder and conflagration long, before they became panic- 
 struck. Mr. Davis, an intrepid man, went behind Mr. Eolfe's barn, which 
 stood near the house, struck it violently with a large club, called on men 
 by name, gave the word of command, as though he were ordering an at- 
 tack, and shouted with a loud voice, " Come on ! come on ! we will have 
 them ! " The party in Mr. Eolfe's house, supposing that a large body of 
 
 ** The account of this deed is received wholly from tradition. We heard it related by an aged and 
 venerahle gentleman, Captain Nehemiah Emerson, who has often heard it told by his grand-father, who 
 then lived in the garrison of his father, Jonathan Emerson. — Mirick 
 
 The house of Nathan Simons was also attacked, and he was wounded in the arm, by a ball. Simons 
 shot two Indians, when the others withdrew. From Sibley's History of Union, Me., we learn that there 
 is a tradition in the Sibley family, that Samuel Sible)-, from whom the settlers in Union are descended, 
 was killed in this to'mi at this time, whUe throwing water upon the meeting-house after it had been set 
 on fire by the Indians. He belonged in Salem, and was probably one of the men under Major Turner at 
 this time.— G. W. C. 
 
224 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 the Englisli liad come upon them, began the cry of " The English are 
 come ! "=■■' and after attempting to fire the house, precipitately left it. 
 About this time, Major Turner arrived with a company of soldiers, and 
 the whole body of the enemy then commenced a rapid retreat, taking with 
 them a number of prisoners. The retreat commenced about the ris- 
 ing of the sun. Meantime, Mr. Davis ran to the meeting-house, and 
 with the aid of a few others, succeeded in extinguishing the devour- 
 ing element ; but it was mostly owing to his exertions, that the house was 
 saved. 
 
 The town by this time was generally alarmed. Joseph Bradley collec- 
 ted a small party, in the northerly part of it, and secured the medicine- 
 box and packs of the enemy, which they had left about three miles from 
 the village.f Capt. Samuel Ayer, a fearless man, and of great strength, 
 collected a body of about twenty men, and pursued the retreating foe. He 
 came up with them just as they were entering the woods, when they faced 
 about, and though they numbered thirteen or more to one, still Capt. Ayer 
 did not hesitate to give them battle. These gallant men were soon rein- 
 forced by another party, under the command of his sonj ; and after a 
 severe skirmish, which lasted about an hour, they retook some of the pris- 
 oners, and the enemy precipitately retreated, leaving nine of their number 
 dead.§ 
 
 The French and Indians continued their retreat, and so great were their 
 sufferings, arising from the loss of their packs, and their consequent ex- 
 
 o Sketch of Haverhill. — Saltonstall. 
 
 t A short distance north of the house of Deacon Carleton, in the West Parish, and about half a mile 
 north of the place where the subsequent skirmish took place. — G. W. C. 
 
 t The whole number is supposed to have been sixty or seventy. — G. W. C. 
 
 § The spot where this skirmish took place, was the rise of land nearly west of the house of S. Eaton 
 Esq., about half way between the Berry Road and the Parsonage Road, and south-east of Long Hill, in the 
 West Parish. Among the enemy who fell at this place, were Hertel of Chambly, and Vercheres, both 
 officers of experience. In this bloody affair, the renowned chief Assacamhuit, or, as the French called 
 him, Nescamhiouit, fought side by side with the French Commander-in-Chief, and is said to have per- 
 formed prodigies of valor with the sword piescnted to him by Louis XIV, of France, in 1706. The enemy 
 had eighteen wounded ; and three Indians, and five Frenchmen killed. Assacamhuit was himself 
 wounded in the foot by a shot. 
 
 Smith, in his History of Canada, (Quebec, 1815, Vol. 1, p. 165,) gives the following account of this 
 memorable attack on the town : — " The French army pushed on to the attack of a village, called Haverhill, 
 in which was posted fifty soldiers, sent by the Governor of New England, in consequence of the information 
 of the approach of a French force. The VilLage was attacked at day break, on the 29th day of August. 
 was well defended by a small party of troops and by the inhabitants ; at length overpowered by numbers, 
 the French took possession of it, having killed not less than one hundred men, and carried several into 
 captivity. The French, on their return were pursued, and overtaken just as they were entering the woods, 
 an action ensued which lasted about an hour, when the English were defeated and sevcrfil were killed, 
 The French loss, amounted only to eight men killed and eighteen wounded ; among the slain, were two 
 officers, Hertd de Chambly, RouviUe's brother, and Vercheres." — G. W. C. 
 
HISTORY OF nAVERHILL. 225 
 
 posure to famine, that many of the Frenchmen returned and surrendered 
 themselves prisoners of war ; and some of the captives were dismissed, 
 with a message that, if they were pursued, the others should be put to 
 death. Perhaps, if they had been pursued, nearly the whole of their force 
 might have been conquered ; for the Governor, in his address to the As- 
 sembly, says, " we might have done more against them if we had followed 
 their tracks." As it was, they left thirtyof their number dead, iu 
 both engagements, and many were wounded, whom they carried with them. 
 The French, when they returned, reported very differently from this ; 
 they said that they " faced about, and that our people, being astonished, 
 were all killed or taken, except ten or twelve, who escaped." 
 
 The inhabitants were now left to perform the sorrowful office of bury- 
 ing their dead — and it was a sorrowful one indeed. The day was 
 somewhat advanced when the battle was over, and it being extremely warm 
 the interment was necessarily hurried. Coffins could not be made for all, 
 and a large pit was dug in the burying ground, in which several of them 
 were laid. Some of those who fell in the last engagement, it is presumed, 
 were buried on the spot. 
 
 The following is a list of the slain who belonged to this town.; perhaps 
 it is not full, though we have taken great pains to make it so : — Eev. 
 Benjamin Rolfe, his wife and one child ; Mrs. Smith, Thomas Hartshorne 
 and three sons ; Lieut. John Johnson and his wife, Catharine ; Capt. Simon 
 Wainwright ; Capt. Samuel Ayer ; John Dalton ; Euth Ayer, wife of 
 Thomas Ayer, and one daughter; and Euth Johnson, wife of Thomas 
 Johnson. The whole number is sixteen. We have not been able to collect 
 the names of those who were taken prisoners, or the exact number. Mr, 
 Pike, in his Journal, says that the enemy ' killed and carried away 33 
 persons, and burnt several houses.' Mr. Hutchinson says ' about forty ' 
 were killed and taken prisoners ; perhaps the truth would fall between. 
 A daughter of Capt. Simon Wainwright, who was not so fortunate as to 
 escape with her mother, when she fled with the rest of her children, was 
 made prisoner ; and in 1710, her mother, Mary, petitioned the General 
 Court to redeem her. The following is her petition : — 
 
 " Haverhill, 29th April, 1710. 
 
 To his Excellency, Joseph Dudley, Captain-General and Governor in 
 chief, &c., &c., to the Honorable council and General Assembly now mett; 
 the petition of ]\[ary Wainwright sheweth that, whereas my daughter hath 
 been for a long time in captivity with the French of Canada, and I have 
 late reason to fear that her soul is in great danger if not already capti- 
 vated and she brought to their way ; therefore I humbly intreate your 
 29 
 
226 HISTORY OF HAYERniLL. 
 
 Excellency, that some care may be taken for Ler redemption before Canada 
 be so endeared to ber that I shall never have my daughter more. Some 
 are ready to say that there are so few captives in Canada that it is not 
 worthe while to put the country to the charges for them ; but I hope your 
 Excellency, nor any other good, judicious man, will think so ; for St. James 
 has instructed us, as you may see, chapter 5, v 20 — Let him know that he 
 which converteth the sinner from the error of his way shall sav6 a soul 
 from death, and shall hide a multitude of sins. This is all I can do at 
 present, but I desire humbly to begg of Grod that he would direct the hearts 
 of our rulers to do that which may be most for his glory- and for the good 
 of his poor distressed creatures, and so I take leave to subscribe myself 
 your most humble petitioner, Widow Mary AVainwright. 
 
 In the house of Eepresentatives read and recommended 12th June." 
 
 One of the soldiers, Joseph Bartlett, stationed at Capt. Wainwright's 
 house, was also taken prisoner ; " he was a native of Newbury, was born 
 18th November, 1686, taken prisoner 29th August, 1708, returned 8th 
 November, 1712, and died 1754, aged 68. After his return, he published 
 a narrative f of his captivity, and perhaps the History of Havei-hill will 
 not be deemed an improper place to give a short account of him. 
 
 'In the year 1707 — says the narrative — in November 1, Joseph 
 Bartlett was pressed and sent to Haverhill. My quarters were in the 
 house of Capt. Waindret, [wright.] August 29, 1708, there came about 
 100 French and 30 Indians 1 and beset the town of Haverhill — set fire 
 to several houses; among which was that of Capt. W.' After the enemy 
 entered the house, they took him and another soldier, named Newmarsh, 
 and the daughter of Mrs. Wainwright, prisoners. Soon after the different 
 parties commenced their retreat, they knocked one of their prisoners in 
 head, named Lindall, a soldier belonging to Salem. He then says: 
 ' They then marched on together, when Capt. Eaircs (Ayer,) with a small 
 company waylaid and shot upon them, which put them to flight, so that 
 they did not get together again until three days after.' Bartlett said 
 that he was first taken by the French, but after the battle they gave him 
 to the Indians. The three first days they travelled hard. 
 
 He was compelled to carry a heavy pack, and travel with his hands tied 
 behind him. A part of the time he was led by an Indian, who carried a 
 hatchet in his hand and a pistol in his girdle, with a cord tied about his 
 
 ■^ John Gyles, of Ljiin, one of Major Turner's soldiers was wounded in the attack, 
 t We have never seen but one copy of this narrative, and that was obtained for us by John Farmer, 
 Esq., of Concord. 
 
 J Most of the accounts agree in stating that there was about two hundred and fifty of the enemy. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERUILL. 227 
 
 heck. On arriving at Lake Winnipiseoge, the French and Indians parted. 
 The latter crossed the Lake ; but before they reached the opposite shore, 
 they killed a bear which was swimming in the water, towed it to the 
 shore and cooked it. They then fared sumptuously, and remained in that 
 place about a day and a half, when they proceeded on their journey, and 
 travelled five days, with scarcely any other sustenance than pounded corn. 
 Having arrived at a river, the Indians made some canoes in a day and a 
 half, when they sailed down the stream three days, eating nothing for four, 
 but a few sour grapes and thorn plums. They then killed a hawk and 
 divided it among fifteen — the head fell to the share of Mr. Bartlett, which, 
 he says, " was the largest meal I had these four days." From thence they 
 proceeded to Chamble, and on their passage they met with some Indians 
 who gave them a little corn and a few pumpkins. He there saw an 
 Englishman, named Littlefield, taken from Wells. The Indians shaved 
 the hair from one side of his head, greased the other, and painted his face. 
 They then started for Montreal, and when they arrived, he was examined 
 by the Governor, and from thence went to the house of a Eoman Catholic 
 Priest, where he lodged over night. The next morning they started for an 
 Indian fort, nine miles distant. When about half way, they came to a fire, 
 surrounded by 'fifteen men and thirty boys,' where they held a consulta- 
 tion about burning him ; but before it was closed, the Indians, who owned 
 him, and the boys, marched away. Soon as they arrived at the fort, they 
 began to abuse their prisoner — a squaw cut ofi" his little finger, and 
 another beat him with a pole. The Indians danced and sung all night, 
 and invited him to join them, but he refused ; they pulled him into the 
 ring, however, and he went once round it. An Indian then came to him, 
 and, after making a long speech, gave him to an old squaw, who took 
 him to her wigwam. In February next, he went to live with a French- 
 man, named Delude, and remained with him until Sunday, October 5, 
 1712, when he started to return to his friends in Newbury, and arrived 
 on the 8th of November, after a captivity of four years, two months, and 
 nine days. 
 
 After his return, the General Court ordered that ' the sum of £20. 15s. 
 be allowed and paid to Joseph Bartlett in full of his petition of charges 
 and expenses to obtain his liberty from the Indians, being taken prisoner 
 by the Indians at Havei-hill when in her Majesties service in the year 
 1708, and for his support during fo.ur"years captivity and for the loss of 
 his arms.' 
 
 Mr. Pike, in his Journal, says that ' many soldiers belonging to Salem, 
 were here slain.' Among them was William Cofiin, who distinguished 
 
228 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 himself for his bravery ; and soon after, his widow petitioned the General 
 Court for relief, when it passed the following resolve : — 
 
 ' Nov. 3, 1708.— Eesolved that the sum of £5 be allowed and paid out 
 of the publick Treasury to the Petitioner, Mrs. Sarah Coffin, on account of 
 the remarkable forwardness and courage which her husband, AYilliam 
 Coffin of Salem, distinguished himself by, in the action at Haverhill 
 where he was slain.' 
 
 Mr. Eolfe, his wife and child, were buried in one grave, near the south 
 end of the burial-ground. A single monument was erected to their mem- 
 ory, on which was chiselled an insciiption for each; but the hand of time 
 has been rough with them — they are overgrown with moss, and the epi- 
 taphs are now almost illegible."' 
 
 The following is the epitaph of Mr. Eolfe : — 
 
 ' Clauditur hoc tiimido corpus Recerendi pii doctique viri, D. Benjamin 
 Bolfe, ecclesice Christi qiioe est in haverhill pastoris jidelissimi ; qui domi 
 Slice ad hostibiis harhare trucidatus. A lahorihus suis reqiiieuit mane diei 
 sacrce quietis, Aug. XXIX anno domini, JMDCCVIII. u3^tatis suce 
 XLVi:^ 
 
 This worthy man was born at Newbury, 1G62. and graduated at Cam- 
 bridge, 1684:. He seems to have been a pious and upright man, ardently 
 devoting his time and talents to forward the cause of his Saviour. He 
 was respected and beloved by his people, and we cannot learn that any 
 difficulty arose between them, after his settlement. 
 
 The grave-stones of Capt. Ayer, Capt. AVainwright, and Lieut. Johnson, 
 are nigh to Mr. Eolfe's but are considerably damaged, and their inscrip- 
 tions have become nearly illegible. 
 
 " In 1847-8, a neat and substantial granite monument was erected over the grave of Mr. Eolfe, by the 
 Ladies, who were then making much needed improvements in the " Old Burying Ground." The monu- 
 ment stands about six and one-half feet high, is of Concord, N. H., granite, and was finished at the 
 establishment of Mr. F. A. Brown, in this town. It bears the following inscription : — 
 
 '! Enclosed in this tomb, is the body of a man, pious, learned and reverend, BENJAMIN ROLFE, a 
 most faithful Pastor of the Church of Christ in Haverhill; who was barbarously slain by the Indians at 
 his own house. He rested from his labors on the morning of the Sabbath, the 29th of Aug in the year of 
 our Lord 1708, and of his age the 46th. (On the second side) Mrs Mehitable RoUe, aged 44 yrs. 
 Mehitable Rolfe, aged 2 yrs. Were slain Aug 29, 1708. (On the third side) Capt Samuel Ayer, Capt 
 Simon Wainwright, Lieut John Johnson, were slain, with thirteen others, Aug. 29, 1708. (On the fourth 
 side) Clauditur hoc tumulo corpus reverend!, pii, viri, Benjamin Rolfe, ecclesia; Christi quae est in 
 Haverhill, pastoris fidelissimi ; qui domi sua* ah hostibns barbare trucidatus. 
 
 E laboi-ibus suis requievit mane diei sacred i\uictis Aug XXIX Anno Domini MDCCVIII iEtatis 
 suie XLVI." 
 
 Rev. Benjamin Rolfe, married Mehitabel Atwatcr,.March 12, 1693-4. < hildreu,— Mary, March 9, 169i5 ; 
 Benjamin, September 2, 1690 : John, July 2, 1698, died August 3, 1698 ; John and Elizabeth, twins, 
 September 1, 1699, (John died Seplember 18, 1699) ; Francis, January 16, 1702.— G. W. C. 
 
 t " Inclosed in this tomb is the body of the reverend, pious, & leanied Benjamin Eolfe, the faithful 
 pastor of the Church of Christ in Haverhill ; who was barbarously slain in his own house by the enemy. 
 He rested from his labors early on the day of sacred rest, Aug 29, 1708, in the 46th year of his age." 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 229 
 
 Capt. Ayer was slain in the last engagement, before the reinforcement 
 arrived. He was shot in the groin, and being a large, robust man, bled 
 profusely. When his son arrived, he was told that his father was killed, 
 and the informant pointed him out. He looked at the corpse a while, as 
 it lay on the grass, all covered with blood, and told his informant that 
 that person could not be his father, for he (meaning the person slain,) had 
 on a pair of red breeches. Capt. Ayer was one of the Selectmen, a Dea- 
 con of the church, and one of the most worthy, active and intelligent 
 citizens of the town. He lived near the house of Capt. John Ayer, 2d ■■■' 
 Lieut. Johnson was also a Deacon of the church, and was an active and 
 useful citizen. He is supposed to be descended from Capt. Edward John- 
 son, the author of the * Wonder Working Providence of Zion's Saviour ' 
 in New England, and who, in company with Jonathan Ince, of Cambridge, 
 and Sergeant John Sherman, of Watertown, surveyed the northern bounds 
 of the Patent of Massachusetts, in 1652. 
 
 Captain Wainwright came from Ipswich ; he had two brothers, John and 
 Francis. His father, whose name was Francis, came from Chelmsford, in 
 England, when a boy, and died about 1690. He is particularly noticed 
 in the Pequot war, where he was simultaneously attacked by two Indians, 
 and while defending himself broke the stock of his gun ; he then used the 
 barrel, and finally killed them both. 
 
 Captain Wainwright was a high-minded and influential citizen. He 
 was supposed to be very rich, and there is a tradition which states that he 
 had a large chest filled with dollars — and that he ofi"ered a man the whole 
 if he would extract one of them with his fingers. The man " pulled and 
 tugged," as our informant said, with all his strength, but alas ! the thing 
 was impossible, and he was obliged to leave it, and be satisfied with only 
 looking at the precious stuff". It was also said that he buried much of his 
 money, and a part of the field south of Captain Xehemiah Emerson's house, 
 has been dug over, for the purpose of finding it. The large oak-tree, near 
 Little Eiver, has been twice dug around for the same object, within the 
 remembrance of many of our citizens; but the tantalizing dreams of the 
 " money-diggers," it is believed, were never realized."! 
 
 The 29th day of August, 1708, will ever be remembered by the inhabi- 
 tants of Haverhill, as that of the last, and the most formidable attack 
 
 ** Near the west end of Plug Pond. 
 
 t The field here alluded to is now almost completely covered with dwelling houses, it being that part of 
 the village bounded by Little River on the south and west. Winter Street on the north, and the easterly 
 line of the lots on the easterly side of Emerson Street on the east. The old oak tree is yet standing, near 
 the south west corner of Emerson Street.— G. W. C. 
 
230 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 made upon the town during the long years of troubles with the Indians and 
 their allies. 
 
 There was an alarm in the town on the night of the 25th of the following 
 month, but, fortunately, no attack was made. Colonel Saltonstall, in a letter 
 to the Grovcrnor and Council, under date of the 27th, informs them " that 
 a party of the enemy, to the number of about thirty, were discovered in the 
 town on Saturday night, but that he soon gave the alarm, drew a number 
 of soldiers together, and had repelled and driven them back without 
 suffering any loss." 
 
 The Boston News Letter, of October 4, (1708,) thus alludes to the 
 affair: — " In our last we mentioned a second attempt upon Haverhill; it 
 issues thus ; that some few sculking Indians were discovered in the Town 
 in the night, and the alarm being made, they were soon frighted, and 
 drew off without doing any mischief. "'■■= 
 
 The distressed condition of the town after this terrible visitation, induced 
 them to petition the General Court, for an abatement of their taxes, — 
 which was granted. The following was their petition : — 
 " The Petition of Ye Subscribers humbly showeth. 
 
 That whereas ye Righteous and Holy God hath been pleased in ye dis- 
 pensation of his Providence to suffer ye Enemy to break in upon us, & 
 by their violent Assaults & Depredations to make desolate several of ye 
 best of our habitations in Haverhill, Damnifying us to ye value of about 
 1000 : lb beside (which is more) loss of lives, thereby reducing us to great 
 extremity and distraction, discouraging of hearts of many amongst us who 
 are upon designs & endeavors to remove, whereby our condition is rendered 
 in some measure comparable to yt of David's & ye men with him when 
 Ziklag was Spoiled. Considering also in conjunction therewith ye extreem 
 charges we must be exposed unto (if our town stands) in building strong 
 Garrisons. Now settling a Mimister. The great obstructions against 
 carrving on our dayly occasions, with other difficult circumstances attend- 
 ing us too tedious here to enumerate. We makbold to spread our case 
 before Yor Hours supplicating your Heedful & compasionate Piegards 
 thereto, so far to Alleviate us, as to grant unto us a lielease from yt part 
 of ye Tax to her Majesty wh is set upon us this year. And hoping yt of 
 yr wonted Clemency & Candor you will not pass by our Sufferings & 
 Sorrows as those yt are unconcerned. We beg yr favor & pardon, & Leave 
 
 * The only other losses by the Indians this season, were the following: : — May 8th, four captured at 
 Exeter, and one killed at Oyster River; July 22d, three killed and two captured at the latter place, four 
 children captured at Exeter, and two killed and the same number captured at Kingston. 
 
HISTORY OF UAVERHILL. 231 
 
 to say, yt your Gratificatiou of our request will strengthen tliose bonds of 
 obligation to Duty & Service which are already upon us who freely sub- 
 scribe ourselves 
 
 Yor Humble Servts & petitionrs. 
 Haverhill «; 1 t f. Jonathan Emerson 
 
 Dated Octobr I ^ i -n -I Jonathan Eatton 
 
 18 1708. "f Haverhill l^y-^^-^^ Johnson." 
 
 The Court ordered the sum of thirty pounds to be abated from their tax. 
 
 September 15th, (1708) a meeting was called to see about a new minis- 
 ter, and a committee was chosen to supply the pulpit, " for the present, & 
 for the coming winter." The committee engaged a Mr. Nicholas Seaver, 
 who preached regularly until the next February, (7th) when a meeting was 
 called " about a minister, as Mr Sever'stime was near out that he promised 
 to stay." The town formally thanked Mr. Seaver for his pains and labor 
 in the work among them ; desired his continuance and settlement ; and 
 chose a committee to confer with him about the matter. March 1st, 
 another meeting was called, at which it was voted to pay Mr. Seaver 
 annually twenty jjounds in money, and forty pounds in corn, as money, if 
 he would settle in the town. 
 
 Two weeks afterward, they voted to add one hundred pounds in money 
 to their former offer, "to be improved by him in settling himself with a 
 house," and allow him the use of all the parsonage land. This was indeed 
 a very liberal offer, and the fact that but four persons dissented from it, 
 shows that Mr. Seaver was highly esteemed by the people of the town. 
 
 June 14th, another meeting was held to see about settling Mr. Seaver, 
 at which the town voted to give him four contributions annually, and 
 twenty cords of wood, in addition to what they had previously offered 
 him. They then adjourned to the 2 1st, when Mr. Seaver's proposals were 
 received, read, and declined. The records do not inform us what his pro- 
 posals were. 
 
 Mr. Seaver did not continue to preach in town after his proposals were 
 declined. He was succeeded by Eev. ]Mr. Brown, who gave such complete 
 satisfaction to the church and the people, that " At a church meeting in 
 Haverhill, Voted that the thanks of this church be returned to the Rev. 
 j\[r. Eichard Brown for his labors with us in the work of the ministry 
 hitherto, and that they desire his continuance with us still in that work in 
 order to a settlement. And by a unanimous vote, not one person then 
 present dissenting the Rev. Mr. Richard Brown was made choice of to be 
 their minister and Pastor if he may be obtained." 
 
 This is the earliest record now preserved of a church meeting in the 
 town. 
 
232 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 The same day, a town meeting was held, at which it was unanimously 
 voted to " concur with the church" in its selection of Mr. Brown for a 
 minister, and a committee was chosen to treat with him, and also to treat 
 with the administrator for the purchase of the late Mr. Eolfe's house.'-' 
 
 December 7th, the committee reported upon the latter proposition, and 
 the town voted to purchase the house. The price paid for the house, 
 and all his land, was three hundred pounds. 
 
 At this meeting, fifteen personsf had liberty "to build a seat to sit in, 
 in the hind seat of the meeting house, in the west gallery, they also prom- 
 ising that they would not build so high as to damnify the light of them 
 windows at the said west end of the said west gallery," provided they 
 made up the number of twenty persons to sit in said seat. 
 
 At the next meeting, eight others^ had leave " to build a pew in the 
 hinder seat of the front gallery ;" and thirteen young ladies§ were granted 
 permission " to build a pew in the hind seat in the east end of the meeting 
 house gallery," provided, as in the first mentioned case, they did not 
 " damnify or hinder the light." 
 
 The following is equally curious: — "John White desiring leave to set 
 up a shed on the outside of the window at the west end of the meetinghouse 
 to keep out the heat of the sun there, it was readily granted." (Query, — 
 Were window curtains then unknown ?) 
 
 Another Commoners' meeting was held in the spring of this year, (1709) 
 at which John White, the Town Clerk, was chosen "Proprietors Clerk," 
 and it was decided to hold a meeting on the first Tuesday in April, annu- 
 ally. From the record of this meeting it appears, that at the first meeting, 
 the previously chosen committee had reported the names of all those who 
 were entitled to vote as proprietors of the common land. The same per- 
 son being clerk for the town, and also for the Commoners, the record of 
 their meetings was kept in the town's book of records until April 13th, 
 1713, when they commenced keeping them in a separate book, and so 
 continued to keep them, until they ceased to meet, as such. 
 
 ■' Mr. Brown, for reasons not given, declined to accept the call to settle in town. He preached here 
 twenty-four Sabbaths, and was succeeded by Rev. Joshua Gardner. 
 
 t Nathaniel Merrill, Samuel Roberts, Henry Sanders, John Corlist, Joseph Hutchins, Nathaniel 
 Clement, Samuel Watts, Nathaniel Merrill, Jr., John Mulckin, M'illiam Smith, John Silver, Thomas 
 Silver, John Eewy, Ephraim Roberts, Jr., William Whittier. 
 
 The following afterward joined with them: — Samuel Haseltine, Edward Carleton, Abell Merrill, 
 Nathaniel Emerson, Jr., John Lad. 
 
 t John Ela, Samuel Ela, Ebenezer Eatton, Robert Slackman, Samuel Peaty, Jonathan Clark, Samuel 
 Currier, Jr., Hope Rogers. 
 
 § Abigail Duston, Abigail Mitchell, Abigail Lad, Mary Corlis, Elizabeth Watts, Mary Mitchell, Sarah 
 Peasly, Elizabeth Simons, Susannah Hartshorn, Abiah Clement, Abigail Simons, Bethiah Bodwell, Sarah 
 Merrill. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 233 
 
 • With the following, from 3TiricJc, we close our record of this year : — 
 
 " The house of Col. Kichard Saltonstall was blown up by a negro wench, 
 on the night of the 29th of March. In Mr. Pike's journal, it is mentioned 
 thus : — ' Colo. Saltonstall's house blown up by negroes 29th March, 1709. 
 Though many lodged that night in the house, yet nobody hurt. A mar- 
 vellous providence.' Tradition has hoarded many stories concerning this 
 affair, some of which are extremely ridiculous. The following, it is be- 
 lieved, is a true statement of the case. It appears that the Col. had 
 severely corrected the wench, some time previous, for misbehaviour, and 
 ever after, she cherished a feeling of hatred toward him, and determined 
 to take signal revenge. In the dead of night, on the 29th, when the house 
 was wrapped in a profound stillness, she carried a quantity of powder into 
 the room, directly under that which was then occupied by the Col. and his 
 wife. Having fixed a long train and connected it with the powder, ''she 
 dropt a match upon it and fled precipitately to the farm-house, which stood 
 but a few rods distant. She had scarcely secured herself, when the pow- 
 'der went off with a tremendous explosion, and nearly or quite demolished 
 the house. The Col. and his wife were thrown in their bed some distance 
 from the house, without receiving any injury. The soldiers stationed in 
 the house, were scattered in every direction, hut happily, no lives were 
 lost. The Col., after recovering from his surprise, went directly to the 
 farm-house and found his sei'vants all up, excepting this wench, who feigned 
 sleep. He suspected and charged her with the deed, but it could never 
 he proved." 
 
 30 
 
234 HISTORY OF HAVERHILI* 
 
 CHAPTER XV. 
 
 1710 TO 1722. 
 
 At a meeting of the town, May 15, 1710, it was unanimously voted, to 
 invite Rev. Joshua Gardner to settle in town, and, at the same time, the 
 thanks of the town were tendered him " for his labors hitherto." 
 
 "VVe find nothing more about his settlement, until October, when a church 
 meeting was held, to consider the matter, at which he was unanimously 
 made choice of ; and, at a town meeting, the same day, this action of the 
 church was unanimously concurred in. The salary voted him was seventy 
 pounds per annum, payable " one half in good passable money, & the rest 
 in good merchantable corn, at money price, or in good passable money, & 
 the use of all the Parsonage Housing & lands & meadous." 
 
 This oflFer, though not so large as the one made Mr. Seaver, seems to 
 have been satisfactory to Mr. Gardner, as may be seen from the following 
 letter, which was read at a town meeting December 11th, and " very well 
 accepted " : — 
 
 '• To the church and inhabitants of Haverhill. 
 Dearly beloved in Christ 
 
 Being informed by your Committee that it is your unanimous desire 
 that I should settle with you for the carrying on the work of the ministry 
 among you ; and also what you have freely voted to do for my mainten- 
 ance : I have taken the matter into consideration, and advised with my 
 friends upon it, who universally encourage me to accept the invitation. 
 Therefore apprehending that providence does as it were thrust me forth 
 into his harvest, and finding a greater inclination & more encouragment of 
 late to enter upon the work than formerly, my thoughts are, I am bound 
 in duty to give up myself to the service of Christ in the work of the min- 
 istry among you fearing if I should do otherwise God would be displeased 
 with me. 
 
 I do therefore hereby declare that I do cheerfully, and that not without 
 a sense of my own insufficiency for so great & solemn a work, endeav- 
 ouring to place my entire dependence upon God for direction & assistance 
 to carry it on — accept your invitation on the terms you propose. 
 
 Thankfully acknowledging your kind acceptance of my labors with you 
 hitherto ; likewise your respect & love shown me in your late invitation & 
 proposals ; earnestly begging your prayers to God for me that he will abun- 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERniLL, 
 
 235 
 
 dantly f arnisli me with all needful qualifications for the work I trust he is 
 calling me unto ; and that I may come unto you in the fulness of the 
 blessing of the Gospel of Christ 
 
 I take leave to subscribe myself your brother in Christ 
 
 Joshua Gardner." 
 
 Mr. Gardner was ordained the 10th of January, 1711, the town paying 
 all the expenses of the occasion, — amounting to twelve pounds. 
 
 Though the town had not been troubled by the Indians for above two 
 years, yet they did not think it prudent to relax their vigilance, — at 
 least, so far as their means of defence were concerned. Their garrisons, 
 and houses of refuge, were kept in complete order for occupation at a mo- 
 ment's notice, and the parsonage house was repaired and fortifiedfi 
 
 k. large company of soldiers, under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel 
 Saltonstall, were also kept constantly armed and equipped, and exercised 
 in the town ; and, that these soldiers might be the better prepared for 
 every emergency, the General Court (June 19. 1710,) ordei"ed them to be 
 supplied with snow shoes. Snow shoes were also supplied to the whole of 
 the North Eegiment of Essex. The names of the snow shoe men in Hav- 
 erhill, were 
 
 Thomas Whittier, 
 John Eaton, 
 Joseph Emerson, 
 Christopher Bartlett, Jr., 
 Joseph Bond, 
 Anthony Colby, 
 Nathaniel Duston, 
 Samuel Dow, 
 Ephraim Davis, 
 Jonathan Eaton, 
 Job Eaton, 
 John Ela, 
 Peter Green, Sen., 
 Ephraim Gile, 
 Matthew Harriman, Jr., 
 Josiah Heath, Jr., 
 John Hutchins, Jr., 
 Andrew Michel, 
 John Marsh, 
 
 John Page, Jr., 
 Nathan Simons, 
 John Webster, 
 Daniel Lad, Jr., 
 Jonathan Eastman, 
 Samuel Piobards, 
 James Ayer, 
 Edward Ordway, 
 Elisha Davis. 
 William Davis, 
 Abraham Whittiker, 
 Jonathan Simons, 
 Eobert Hunkins, 
 Joseph Bradley, 
 Ephraim Eobards, 
 John Heath, Jr., 
 Benjamin Page, Jr., 
 John Shepard, 
 Nathaniel Smith, 
 
 Stephen Emerson, 
 Stephen Johnson, 
 Jonathan Hendrick, 
 Samuel Huckins, 
 Adum Draper, 
 Packard AVhittier, 
 John Watts, 
 Stephen Davis, 
 Eobert Peasl}', 
 Joshua Padington, 
 Samuel Ayer, 
 William Whittaker* 
 John Heseltine, 
 William Johnson, 
 Abraham Bradley^ 
 Samuel Davis, 
 Thomas Johnson, 
 John Stevens. 
 
 ■^ The expense of repairing the parsonage was eleven pounds fourteen shillings and six pence. Among 
 the items in the bill we find — Clear white pine hoards, at five shillings and eight pence per hundred; 
 plank, at seven shillings per hundred ; labor, at three shillings per day ; and large board nails at one 
 shilling and four pence per hundred. Among the bills of the year, we find one for a barrel of cider for 
 the minister, the price of which was five shillings and six pence ; and one for the services of the Towa 
 Clerk for the past year, ten shillings. 
 
236 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 At the annual meeting for 1711, the Selectmen were ordered to hire a 
 Grammar School master, who was " to move quarterly to such places as 
 the Selectmen agree to, as shall be most convenient for the inhabitants of 
 the town." It seems that no school-master could be found who would move 
 quarterly, and after trying for six months to hire one, another meeting was 
 called, and a proposition submitted that the town pay a teacher five pounds 
 to keep a school one quarter at the school-house. This was voted down 
 immediately, — probably by those who lived at a distance from the village, 
 and who desired to share with the villagers in the advantages of such a 
 school, as will appear hereafter. 
 
 From the bills approved this year, we learn that Obadiah Ayer kept a 
 school half a year in 1710, for which he was paid fifteen pounds. He also 
 kept this year, the same length of time. It was not, however, what they 
 called a Grramm^r School, as only " reading, writing and cyphering" were 
 included in the list of studies. 
 
 Some idea of the extent, as well as location, of the Cow Common, as 
 first laid out, may be formed from the following vote of the Commoners, 
 April 3, 1711 : — 
 
 " Voted and granted that the Cow Common may be fenced in from the 
 Pond Bridge & so by Ephraim Guile's, and as far as the river runs by 
 Ephraim Koberts sawmill, and so to Tho Duston's :* Those that fence it 
 in to set up convenient gates for passage with teams ; one at the Pond 
 Bridge, one at Ephraim Guile's, one at Tho Duston's, one gate by Samuel 
 Smith's house, another by Stephen Dow's on the Wid: Bromege's, and 
 another, if need be, at the lane by Jonathan Emerson's: This Common to 
 be improved by those that fence it in, & not others, for the feeding of cows, 
 sheep, & riding horses, & no other cattle, for this year & until the Com- 
 moners shall take further order." 
 
 A meeting of the Commoners was called October 15th, to consider about 
 making some more stringent regulation in relation to the " transporting of 
 timber, staves, and firewood" out of town. The vote of the town, passed 
 in 1674, being read, it was declared that it could not well be mended, and 
 therefore nothing further was done. 
 
 John Swett, a native of Newbury, was this year appointed ferryman at 
 the Rocks ; — hence the name of " Swett's ferry." It is believed that there 
 were then no more than two houses at that place ; and, indeed, the whole 
 town had increased but very little, if any, in population, during the last 
 
 « That is, the fence followed the stream from the outlet of the Great Pond, around to Tho Duston's, — 
 or neiir the junction ot Fishing and Little Rivers. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 237 
 
 thirty years. Strangers would not move into it, on account of tlie clanger 
 arising fi'om the Indian war, and it is probable that those who sickened and 
 died, and those who were slain by the enemy, nearly equalled the births. 
 
 The only damage done by the Indians this year, was at Cocheco (Dover) 
 in the spring, when five persons were killed. But the constant fear of 
 them caused a strong force to be kept in the frontier towns. As late as 
 August 27, 1712, a foot company of fifty men was ordered to be raised, 
 and posted at Haverhill. 
 
 At the annual meeting for 1712, several persons- ■= aj^plied for an abate- 
 ment of their taxes for the ministry, and the school, on account of the great 
 distance they lived from the Town, and the difficulty they met with in 
 coming. The town voted to abate one half of their ministry rates. 
 
 This year the town was again presented for being destitute of a school- 
 master, and on the 12th of May, Xathaniel Haseltine was chosen to appear 
 at the Court of Grencral Sessions, held at Salem, to answer it. Nothing 
 further was done in this matter until the following March, when the town 
 refused to give the Selectmen power to hire a school-master, and thus the 
 subject rested until June, when a meeting was called to see what should be 
 done about schools in town. 
 
 By a law of 1700, every town of fifty families and upwards was required 
 to be constanly provided with a school-master to teach children to read 
 and write ; and every town of one hundred and fifty families was required 
 to have a free grammar school, where youth could be instructed " in such 
 grammar learning as may fit them for admittance into the college." 
 
 Previous to this time, there had been but one place in town for a school 
 — in the village — and, as a matter of course, those who lived in distant 
 parts of the town could have but little benefit from it. That this disad- 
 vantage was felt, is seen from the vote, in 1711, — to engage a school-master 
 who should " move quarterly." But now the question assumed a more 
 definite form. Petitions were received from several of the inhabitants,! 
 for a school house in the northwest part of the town, near Job Clements' 
 at the town's cost, and a school one quarter of a year, " that they might 
 have the benefit of having their children brought up to learning as well 
 as the children of those that live in the center of the Town ; " and also 
 
 • 
 
 ■"■ Henry Bodwell, John Gutterson, Thomas Austin, Joshua Stephens, Robert Swan, John Cross, William 
 Cross, Robert Swan, Jr., Joshua Swan. These all lived In that part of the town now Methuen. 
 
 t Joseph Emerson, Mathow Herriman, Jobe Clements, Joseph Heath, John Stephens, Aaron Stephens, 
 Ephraim Roberts, Josiah Heath, sen.. Benjamin Emerson, Joseph Johnson, Samuel Worthen, James 
 Heath, Thomas Johnson, William Whittiker, John Simons, Josiah Heath. 
 
238 HISTOBY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 from several of the inhabitants in the north-easterly part of the town,^'- for 
 a school-house and school "near the house of Mr John Whittier, on the 
 common, between the two bridges, & between the house of Danl Ela, and 
 the Country road." Both petitions were granted ; and the selectmen were 
 ordered to provide a school-master : and a committee was chosen to build 
 the school-houses immediately. The latter were to be " 20 ft long, 16 ft 
 wide, & 8 ft stud, & furnished so as may be comfortable & convenient." 
 
 Mr. Ayer kept the school in the town this summer, and a Mr. Stedman, 
 of Cambridge, kept the succeeding fall and winter. 
 
 Hostilities having ceased in Europe early in this year, the Indians again 
 expressed a desire for peace, and a treaty was entered iuto with them at 
 Portsmouth, which was attended by delegates from the tribes on the St. 
 John, Kennebeck, Ameriscoggin, Saco, and Merrimack, and articles of 
 pacification were duly signed July 13th, 1713, and were formally con- 
 firmed, with loud demonstrations of joy, by a great body of Indians who 
 were assembled at Falmouth, waiting the result. Thus was peace once 
 more permitted to smile on the New England frontiers. 
 
 By the terms of this treaty, the English were allowed to enter upon 
 their former settlements, without molestation or claim on the part of the 
 Indians, while to the latter was reserved the right of hunting, fishing and 
 fowling, as freely as they enjoyed in 1693 ; and government was to estab- 
 lish convenient trading houses for the Indians, where they might obtain 
 their supplies without the fraud and extortion which had been practiced 
 in former years, f The next spring, a ship was sent to Quebec, to exchange 
 prisoners. 
 
 Among the town votes of 1713, we find one in which the selectmen and 
 constables were ordered " to regulate the conduct of disorderly boys on 
 the Sabbath, in the meeting house." From this it is evident that boys 
 were — hoys, as long ago, at least, as the time of our great-grand-parents. 
 
 At the annual meeting in 1714, Eobert Swan petitioned for permission 
 to keep a ferry near his house, but the town declined to grant the request. 
 
 Another petition was received at this meeting for permission to build a 
 " women's pew" in the meeting house. J The place proposed was " the 
 hind seat in the women's gallery." The matter was left with the Selectmen. 
 
 -.John Sanilers, Robert Hastinsa, Anthony Colbie, Joseph Whittier, James Sanders, Robert Henkins, 
 Samuel Curritr, John Currier, John Page, Jr., Robert Hastings, Jr., Jonathan Peasly, Benjamin Page, 
 Jr., Daniel Ela, Benjamin Page, Sen., Abraham Page, Thomas Johnson, Jr., Joseph Grely, John George, 
 John Eleh. 
 
 t Hutchinson estimates that, "from 167i5 to 1713, 5 to 6000 of the youth of the country had perished 
 by the enemy, or by distempers contracted in the service." 
 
 X The petition was signed by Hannah Simons, Elizabeth Currier, Hannah Eatton, Judith Eatton, 
 Mehctable Guile, Ruth Dow, Abigail Dow, Sarah Johnson, Sarah Haseltine, Hannah Heath, Sarah Guile. 
 
HISTORY OF HATERHILL. 239 
 
 A petition was also received for a school -house in the northwesterly part 
 of the town, "between Hog-hill and the brick-kill bridge;" but "very 
 few if any persons voted for it," and the request was therefore denied.- 
 
 At this meeting, the Selectmen were " desired to seat the negroes in some 
 convenient place in the meeting-house, if they can." This appears to have 
 been the origin of the "negro pew," in this town; and it is worthy of 
 note, that the practice thus inaugurated, continued so long as there were 
 negroes in the town, — a period within the memory of many persons now 
 living. 
 
 In this connection, we give the following synopsis of the history of 
 slavery in Massachusetts. We condense it from the reply of Dr. Belknap 
 of Boston, to Judge Tucker of Virginia, in 179o.f 
 
 Samuel Maverick resided on Noddle's Island when Winthrop came over 
 in 1630. He had a fort and four great guns. John Joselyn, who came to 
 New England in 1638, mentions Mr. Maverick's negro ivoman and a 
 negro man, and "another negro who was her maid," and that "Mr. 
 Maverick was desirous to have a breed of negroes." He understood that 
 the negro woman "had been a queen in her own country," &c. 
 
 The laws enacted between 1630 and 1641, make mention of servants 
 and jnasters, man-servant, and viaid-servant ; in 1645 mention is made of 
 negroes " fraudulently and injuriously taken and brought from Guinea" by 
 Captain Smith to Piscataqua. About the same time (1645) a law was 
 made " prohibiting the buying and selling of slaves, except those taken in 
 lawful war, or reduced to servitude for their crimes by a judicial sentence, 
 and these were to have the same privileges as were allowed by the law of 
 Moses." In 1649 it was enacted — " If any man stealeth a man or man- 
 kind, he shall surely be put to death. Exodus xxi — 16." 
 
 In 1675-6-7 some Indians, who had submitted to the government, 
 joined against the English in Phillips war. Those taken in arms, were 
 adjudged guilty of rebellion. Some were put to death, but most of them 
 were sold into slavery in foreign countries. Some of these latter found 
 their way home, and joined with the hostile Indians in a succeeding war, 
 in revenge. 
 
 African trade was never prosecuted, in any gi'eat degree, by merchants 
 of Massachusetts. Negroes were probably introduced via trade with 
 Barbadoes. In 1703, a duty of four pounds was laid on every negi'O 
 imported. Not over three ships a year ever engaged in the African trade. 
 
 ■' The names of the petitioners were — Peter Green, Jotham Hendrick, Nathaniel Peasly, Samuel 
 Clements, James Sanders, Peter Green, Jr., John Page, John Eatton, Matthew Herriman, Jr., Joseph 
 Peasly, Abraham Page, Henry Sanders. 
 
 t From Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll. Vol. 4. 194. 
 
240 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 Rum was the main spring of it. Slaves purchased in Africa were chiefly 
 sold in the "West Indies, or Southern colonies. When the markets were 
 glutted, and prices low, some were brought here. Very few whole cargoes 
 ever came. One gentleman remembers only two or three : — One thirty to 
 forty years ago, which was mostly children. Ehode Island did much more 
 of this than Boston. Some of their vecsels, after selling prime slaves at 
 the West Indies, brought the remnant to Boston. Boston is the only 
 seaport in INIassachusetts ever concerned in the business. About the time 
 of the stamp act, the trade declined, and in 1788 was prohibited by law. 
 
 The causes of its declension were, — it required large capitol — was 
 hazardous — was never supported by popular opinion — the voice of con- 
 science was against it — those engaged in it, in their last hours bitterly 
 lamented it — the laboring people complained of the blacks, as intruders — 
 the inconsistency of pleading our own rights and liberties, while we 
 encouraged the subjugation of others. 
 
 There was never anything like a census before 1763, and it was not then 
 very accurate. It was very unpopular. The second was in 1776 ; the 
 third in 1784. 
 
 In 1763 there were in Mass. 5,214 blacks, or 45 to 1 of population. 
 1776 " *' 5,249 " " 65 " 1 " 
 
 1784 " " 4,377 " " 80 " 1 " " 
 
 In 1790, (first United States Census) there were in Massachusetts and 
 Maine, six thousand blacks and Indians — about two thousand were mixed 
 and blacks. Slaves were most numerous previous to 1763. Prince Hall, 
 a very intelligent black man, aged fifty-seven years, thinks slaves were 
 most numerous about 1745. Boston contained one-fourth part of all of 
 them. In country towns, he never heard of more than three or four on a 
 farm, except one, which had sixteen, and " it was a distinguished singu- 
 larity." They were employed as rope-makers, anchor-smiths, ship-carpen- 
 ters, and in families, as servants. 
 
 Negro children were always reckoned incumbrances, and when weaned, 
 were given away like puppies. The negroes were inventoried and taxed 
 as ratable property. Some of them purchased their freedom ; and some 
 were liberated by their masters. The law was against manumission, un- 
 less the master gave bonds for maintenance in case of sickness, or 
 decrepitude. Negroes were forbidden to strike a white man, on pain of 
 being sold out of the province. If found out after nine o'clock, P. M., 
 they were sent to the House of Correction. Inter-marriage was prohibited, 
 under severe penalties. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERIIILL. 241 
 
 The controversy about slavery began about 1766, and was warmly con- 
 tinued till 1773, by newspaper articles, pamphlets, speeches, &c. The 
 Quakers helped the cause along. In 17G7, an attempt was made in the 
 legislature to discourage the slave trade, but it failed ; and again, in 1773, 
 on petition from the negroes. In 1774, an act was passed by the Assem- 
 bly, to prevent importation ; but it was vetoed by Governor Hutchinson. 
 After the adoption of the Constitution of 1780, which declares " all men free 
 and equal," many asked for, and obtained their freedom. Some took it 
 without leave. Many aged and infirm continued in the families where 
 they had lived. In 1781, an indictment was found against a white man 
 in Worcester County, for assaulting, beating, and imprisoning a black. 
 He was tried in the Supreme Judicial Court, in 1783. His Defence was, 
 that the black was his slave, and the beating, &c., were necessary correc- 
 tion. The Answer was the foregoing clause of the Constitution. The 
 judges and jury decided that he had no right to beat or imprison the negro, 
 and he was found guilty and fined forty shillings. This was the death- 
 blow to slavery in Massachusetts. 
 
 We believe that the earliest distinct allusion to "servants" we have 
 met with in the records or traditions of this town, is the record of the death 
 of " Hopewell, an Indian Servant of John Hutchins," in 1668. The next, 
 is found in the account of the remarkable preservation of Eev. Mr. Eolfe's 
 children, by his "negro woman," Hagar, in 1708. Hagar " owned the 
 covenant, and was baptized," with her children, (two sons and one daugh- 
 ter) by Eev. Mr. Gardner, in 1711. In 1709, the house of Colonel 
 Eichard Saltonstall was blown up, by "his negro wench," whom he had 
 previously "corrected." In 1723, Eev. Mr. Brown had an Indian ser- 
 vant, as may be seen from the following entry in his book of church 
 records: — " Baptized Phillis an Indian Girl, Servant of John & Joanna 
 Brown." In 1728, Mr. Brown baptized " Mariah, negro servant of Eich- 
 ard Saltonstall." In 1738, Eev. Mr. Bachellor baptized " Celia, Xegro 
 child of John Corliss." In 1740, he baptized "Levi, Negro child of Sam- 
 uel Parker." In 1757, he baptized "Dinah, negro child of Samuel 
 Haseltine; " and, also, "Lot & Candace, negroes belonging to Eichard and 
 Martha Ayer. In 1764, he baptized " Gin, negro Girl of Peter Carleton." 
 Mr. Bachellor had himself a negro servant, as we find, in the church book 
 of records of the West Parish, vinder date of March 24, 1785, the follow- 
 ing entry among the deaths: — "iSTero, servant to ye Eevd Mr Bacheller." 
 There is a tradition that he had a negro named " Pomp," who is said to 
 have dug the well near the old meeting-house. As the story goes, just 
 before setting out for an exchange with a distant minister, Mr. Bachellor 
 oi 
 
242 HISTORY OF HATERHILI/^ 
 
 set Pomp at work to dig tlie well, and gave liim positive instructions to 
 have it done by the time he returned. Pomp labored diligently, and with 
 good success, until he came to a solid ledge. This was too hard for his 
 pick and spade, and poor Pomp was greatly perplexed. His " massa " had 
 directed him to have the well done when he returned, but how to get 
 through the solid rock was more than Pomp could tell. "While in this 
 dilemma, a neighbor happened along, who advised that the ledge should 
 be blasted with powder, and kindly instructed Pomp how to drill a hole 
 for the blast. The latter, much pleased at the prospect of getting his job 
 finished in season, worked vigorously at his drill, and soon had a hole nearly 
 deep enough, when he suddenly struck through the ledge, and the water 
 commenced rushing up through the hole with such force, that he was 
 obliged to scramble out of the well as fast as possible, to escape drowning. 
 It is said that the well has never been dry since. 
 
 From Eev. Mr. Parker's book of church records, in the East Parish, we 
 find that, in 1750, he "baptized Jenny, the Servant child of Joseph & 
 Mary Greelee ;" in 1758, " Phillis, the negro child of Ezekiel and Sarah 
 Davis;" and, in 1764, "Mercy, the negro child of Seth & Hannah 
 Johnson," 
 
 From the ofl&cial census of 1754, we find that there were then in this 
 town sixteen slaves, "of sixteen years old and upwards," In 1764, the 
 number was twenty-five. 
 
 From a partial file of the town valuation lists, from 1750 to 1800, we 
 learn that the following persons in this town owned slaves. It is worthy 
 of note, that with the very few exceptions noted, but one negro was owned 
 by each person : — 
 
 1753. John Cogswell, John Dimond, Benj Harrod, John Hazzen (2), 
 Col Richd Saltonstall (2), Wm Swonten (2), John Sawyer, Saml AVhite. 
 These were all in the First Parish. 
 
 1754. In the East Parish, Joseph Greelee, Wm Morse, Amos Peaslee, 
 Timothy Hardey. 
 
 1755. In the First Parish, John Cogswell. In the West Parish, John 
 Corlis. 
 
 1759. In the First Parish, Moses Clements, Samuel White, Samuel 
 White Esq, Thos West. In the West Parish, Joseph Haynes. 
 
 1761. In the West Parish, Samuel Bachellei-, Joseph Haynes. 
 
 1766. In the First Parish, Moses Clements, Xathl Cogswell. James 
 McHard, SamueFWhite, Samuel AYhite jun (2), John White. 
 
 1769. In the East Parish, Dudly Tyler. 
 
HISTORY OP UAVERniLL. 243 
 
 1770. In tlie First Parish, Moses Clements, James McHard,* Samuel 
 Soutlicr, Saml White, Saml White jun (2), John White. 
 
 1771. In the First Parish, Jona Webster, Saml Souther, John White, 
 Saml White Esq,f James McHard, Moses Clement, Enoch Bartlett. In 
 the East Parish, Dudley Tyler. 
 
 1776. In the East Parish, Wm Moors, Dudley Tyler. This is the 
 latest date we find " negroes," or *' servants," entered in the valuation 
 lists in the town. 
 
 In one list, the date of which is lost, hut which was apparently some- 
 where between 1750 and 1 760, we find the following : — Piobert Hutchins, 
 Moses Hazzen (2) , Eobert Peaslee (2) , John Sanders, John Sweat, Saml 
 White, Saml White jun, Christ: Bartlett, John Clements, Joseph Harimin, 
 Joshua Harimin, Eadmuu Hale, Daniel Johnson, Jona Pioberds, Wm 
 Whitiker. 
 
 We are informed by Mr. James Davis, that his father, Amos Davis, of 
 the East Parish, owned two negroes named Prince and Judith, whom he 
 purchased when young, in Newburyport. The bill of sale of them is still 
 preserved in the family. Prince married a white woman, and, after secur- 
 ing his freedom, removed to Sanboruton, N. H., where he has descendants 
 still living. Judith remained in the family until her death. 
 
 Deacon Chase, who lived in the edge -of Amesbury, not far from 
 
 the Piocks' Village, also owned a negro, named Peter, who is remembered 
 by many persons now living. After the death of his master, he passed 
 into the posession of a Mr. Pilsbury, with whom he lived until his death. 
 William Morse, of the East Parish, had a negro servant, named Jenny. 
 We also learn of one in the family of Job Tyler in the same Parish. 
 
 From the town records, we learn, that in the month of September, 1714, 
 there was a " great fire in the woods, whereby the hay was in general & 
 great danger." We persume that a lai'ge part of their hay was usually 
 stacked in the meadows, where it was cut, until wanted for feeding out in 
 the winter, and it was these stacks which were thus endangered. The 
 danger was so great, that but few of the inhabitants could leave home to 
 attend town meeting, and it was therefore adjourned. 
 
 In the records of this year, (1714) we find the first allusion to Stocks, 
 in the form of an item in a bill : — " iron for the Stocks, 3s. 10." Judging 
 from the cost of the iron they were either the first Stocks in town, or, at 
 any rate, new ones. 
 
 * The name of this negro was "Jenny." — Tradition. 
 
 t At a town meeting, September 2-2, 1795, a committee was chosen to assist " Salem, a black man, late 
 a servant of Samuel White," who had become chargeable to the town. Many now living remember " Old 
 Salem," who lived on the bank of the river, nearly opposite the foot of Kent Street. 
 
244 BISTORY OF HAVERHILL, 
 
 In October, the bounds of tbe town were renewed, by Samuel Danfortt, 
 a son of the person who first surveyed them. The following is his report 
 to the General Court :— 
 
 " Oct. 25, 1714; At the request of the Selectmen of Haverhill to renew 
 the bounds of their town : I began at Merrimack Kiver upon Denisens 
 where it was asserted by Lieut Stephen Barker & Eobert Swan, and Henry 
 Bodwell of an old marked tree, & run north by a line of marked trees & 
 heaps of stones to the north angle of the town, which was a great heap of 
 stones ; This line we renewed well : then I run southeast by a line of 
 marked trees to the eastward side of Cedar Swamp; & this line we renewed 
 until we came to a white oak tree marked with the letter X : and another 
 tree marked H : and we found several of the trees on both lines marked 
 with the letter H. Then I began at Holt's Eock's at Merrimac Eiver & 
 run northwest until 1 met with the line I left on the eastward side of Cedar 
 Swamp : and I found one great pillar of stones upon the line near the old 
 Dam. I find these two lines according to the return that my honord 
 father made to the General Court ; and the Selectmen and several others 
 
 assisted me in said work. 
 
 Samuel Danforth Surveyor." 
 
 Though highway surveyors had been regularly chosen by the town, 
 since 1693, and had been appointed by the Selectmen for many years 
 previou.s to that time, yet we find no record or hint that money had been 
 expended by them, or work done, except upon three or four bridges, until 
 the year 1715, when "Jotham Hendrick, surveyor," was allowed six 
 shillings for " mending the highway." As the smallest matters of town 
 expense were recorded, we are confident that if any work or money had 
 been expended upon the roads previous to this time, the records would 
 surely contain some hint of the fact. As they do not, we feel safe in saying 
 that the town did not, as such, expend a penny, or a day's labor, upon its 
 roads, except for bridges, during the first seventy five years of its settlement ! 
 Subser|uent to this date, highway expenses are regularly mentioned. 
 
 At the annual meeting in 1715, the town voted that Mr. Gardner might 
 have a weekly contribution if he desired it, so that he might have some 
 money " before the town rate was raised for him." At the next annual 
 meeting (1715—16) a committee was chosen to join with him in leasing the 
 Parsonage farm for twenty years, " if he live so long." Two weeks after- 
 ward, Mr. Gardner was dead, and a town meeting was held (March 28) 
 to see about finding some one to take his place- 
 Mr. Barnard, his second successor, in a sermon, thus speaks of him : — 
 *' Mr. Gardner, who is warm in the hearts of a few of you to this day, was 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 245 
 
 soon ripe for heaven, according to the account which was handed down of 
 him. He was not suffered to remain long by reason of death. Neither 
 prayers nor tears could detain him from his inheritance above. In a few 
 years he finished his course with joy." 
 
 The following epitaph is taken from the simple monument raised to his 
 memory : — 
 
 " Hev. JosJma Gardner died March 21, 1715, a man good betimes and 
 full of the Holy Ghost and faith, of an excellent temper, of great integrity, 
 prudence and courage — pastor of the church in Haverhill five years — who, 
 having faithfully improved his talents, fell asleep in Jesus, and went 
 triumphantly to receive his reward in heaven." 
 
 After his death, the town voted to pay the expenses of his funeral, which 
 amounted to thirty-four pounds nine shillings and sis pence.-' 
 
 A petition was this year presented to the town, signed by thirty of the 
 inhabitants, desiring that the obstruction in Merrie's Creek, and the Fish- 
 ing, or Little Eiver, might be removed, " so that a free passage for the 
 fish might be obtained." The petition was gi'anted. 
 
 From the records of the same year, we learn, that the " Town's old book 
 of grants and orders" was lost, and a committee was chosen to see if they 
 could find it. From the bill presented by the committee the next year, it 
 appears that they spent three days each in the business ; that Captain 
 "White, the Town Clerk, attended on the committee two days ; and that 
 James Sanders made one journey to Salem to enquire after it, and another 
 journey to " Sandige " to "enquire after and bring home the old town 
 books." The whole expenses were four pounds, sixteen shillings. The 
 books were ordered to be delivered to the Town Clerk. The town had 
 once before refused to allow these books to be kept by that officer, but hav- 
 ing thus narrowly escaped a total loss, they wisely concluded they would 
 be safest in his hands. 
 
 After the death of Mr. Gardner, the pulpit was occupied by various 
 ministers, among whom was Mr. Jonathan Cushing, and Mr. Eobert Stan- 
 ton. At a church meeting, held July 27th, 1716, to choose a minister, 
 Mr. Cushing received twenty out of thirty-five votes ; and at a town meet- 
 ing, the same day, he received one hundred and two out of one hundred 
 and thirty-six votes.f The town then voted to offer him the same that 
 they had paid ]Mr. Gardner. 
 
 ° William White made a journey to Boston to get supplies for the funeral. Among the items of ex- 
 pense, was " one bbl cycler." Joshua Gardner married Mercy Pike, November 22, 1711. Children, — 
 Samuel, December 9, 1713; Nathaniel, August 27, 1715. 
 
 t'As our ancestors^were always out in full force upon all such occasions, the above, we think, is very 
 near the full number of church members and voters in the town at this time. 
 
246 HISTORY OP HAVEEHILL. 
 
 It seems, however, tliat the minority, who had all voted for Mr. Stanton, 
 were not merely in favor of the latter, but were opposed to Mr. Gushing ; 
 and, November 28th, a meeting was called to hear the report of the com^ 
 mittee chosen to treat with Mr. Gushing, and "to hear what those persons 
 have to allege against his settling here that are uneasy under his min- 
 istry." 
 
 The result was, that a Gommittee was chosen to consult the Eev. Mr. 
 Leverett and Eev. Mr. Brattle, of Cambridge, as to the best course to be 
 pursued. According to their advice a Gommittee was chosen to treat with 
 a Mr. Fiske, who had preached in town several times since the death of 
 Mr. Gardner. But it seems that they could not unite peaceably upon Mr. 
 Fiske, and recourse was again had to Cambridge for advice. 
 
 January ■22d a meeting was called " to hear the advice of the Eev. Mr. 
 Leverett, & Mr. Brattle." The record does not say what their further 
 advice was, but from the following, which was the first vote passed at the 
 meeting, we presume they recommended a day of fasting and prayer: — 
 
 " Voted that the Eevd Mr Moody, Mr Parsoil, Mr Wise of Chebacco, 
 Mr AVells, 3Ir Tappin, & Mr "White be desired with the Eevd Mr Barnard, 
 Mr Gushing, Mr Symes, & Mr Tufts, in keeping a day of humiliation, to 
 seek for wisdom of heaven in our great affairs, on Wednesday the sixth day 
 of February next." 
 
 A Gommittee was chosen to invite the above named ministers, and receive 
 their advice in the matter, and also to make provision £or their entertain- 
 ment on the day of the Fast. 
 
 The result of the fast, was, that the Eev. Joseph Parsons, of Lebanon, 
 was selected by the church for their minister. 
 
 The church having made choice of Mr. Parsons, a meeting of the town 
 was called, May 28, to consider the matter. As " a great many people 
 were unsatisfied about his leaving his church" at Lebanon, =■■' several papers 
 were read in the town meeting ; among them the determination of a Council 
 acquitting him " from crimes laid to his charge," and declaring their 
 approbation of his removal. The town voted that they were satisfied, and, 
 by a vote of sixty-five to forty-eight, chose him to settle here as minister, 
 offering him a salary of one hundred pounds, besides the use of the Parsonage 
 lands and buildings. The minority, however, were so strongly opposed to 
 his settlement, that, at a meeting called in the following August, (13 th) 
 the town, with but one dissenting voice, reconsidered the vote. 
 
 October 30, a meeting was called, " to forgive all past offences that have 
 been given among us, concerning the settlement of a minister, and agree in 
 
 " Mr. Parsons was now preaching in HaverMll. 
 
HISTORY OP IIAVEEHILL 247 
 
 love and peace to consider & agree upon a suitable person to carry on 
 the work of the ministry among us." The moderator, Ephraim Eoberts, 
 proposed that all who wished to signify " their desires for peace and love 
 one towards another, & for the sending for a minister to preach with us," 
 should move to the east end of the meeting-house. They all moved to the 
 east end, except three or four persons. The meeting then adjourned. 
 
 Another meeting was held November 12, but, after " considerable dis- 
 course" it adjourned without accomplishing anything, and the year closed 
 without the settlement of a minister in the town. 
 
 Sunday, October 21, 1716, was what is called "a dark day." It was 
 so dark that candles were lighted at noon. Stephen Jaques, of Newbury, 
 in his diary, says : — 
 
 "On the sabath day about eleven of the clock in sarman time it grue so 
 dark that one could not see a parson from one end of the metting hous to 
 the other except it was against a window, nor could know another four 
 seats off, nor read a word in a psalm book. It continued near half an 
 hour. Sum ministers sent for candels, sum set still, till it was lighter. 
 Sum was ready to think the world was at an end ; all seemed to be con- 
 sarned. It was a time when ye air was very full of smoke. It came 
 dayly down when it was a south west wind, the wind being now as I re- 
 member at est, which might bring ye smoak back, & dark clouds pass over, 
 as it being cloudy weather. I was an eie witness of this myself." 
 
 The winter of 1716-17, is memorable for the unusual quantity of snow 
 that fell between the 18th and the 24th of February. In these storms, 
 the earth was covered with snow from ten to fifteen feet, and, in some 
 places, even twenty feet deep. Many one story houses were entirely cov- 
 ered, and, in many places, paths were dug from house to house, under the 
 snow. Visits were made from place to place by means of snow shoes, — 
 the wearers, in many cases, stepping out of their chamber windows on to 
 the snow. In this manner, one Abraham dPte^e^ M Newbury, paid a visit 
 to his " ladye love," and was the first person the family had seen abroad 
 for more than a week. Cotton Mather has left a particular account of this 
 " great snow," and the many marvels and prodigies attending it. 
 
 The town were yet without a settled minister, and, at one time, it 
 seemed doubtful whether they would very soon be able to unite upon any 
 one to settle among them. But the cloud of dissention at last blew over, 
 and at a meeting held early in February, 1718, " Mr Samuel Chickley'--= " 
 was unanimously made choice of fbr their minister. Two months after- 
 ward, (April 23) he received a formal call from the town, accompanied 
 
 ° Checkley. , 
 
24:8 HISTORY OF HATERHILL. 
 
 ■with tlie offer of one hundred pounds salary, and the use of all the Par- 
 sonage land east of sawmill river.* For reasons not given, Mr. Checkley 
 declined the offer. 
 
 The successor of Mr. Checkley, as occasional minister, or candidate for 
 settlement, was Mr. John Brown, of Little Cambridge, (now Brighton) who 
 jDleased the people so well, that in October they unanimously invited him 
 to settle among them, and offered him the same salary that they had 
 previously voted to give Mr. Checkley. Mr. Brown accepted the invita- 
 tion, and was ordained on the 13th of the next May, (1719.) 
 
 Mr. Brown graduated at Cambridge, in 1714. He married Joanna 
 Cotton, daughter of Eev. Kowland Cotton, of Sandwich, an " eminently 
 pious and worthy Lady." They had ten children, six sons and four 
 dauo-hters. Four of the sons were all educated at Cambridge. John 
 graduated in 1741, and was ordained in Cohasset. He died 1792, aged 
 sixty-nine. Cotton graduated in 1743, was ordained at Brookline, on 
 26th of October, 1748, and died 13th of April, 1751. Dr. Cooper notices 
 him as one who "had raised in his friends the fairest hopes, and given 
 them just reason to expect in him one of the brightest ornaments of society, 
 and a peculiar blessing to the church." Ward graduated in 1748, and 
 died the same year. Thomas graduated in 1752, and was a minister at 
 Stroudwater. He died in 1797. His eldest daughter married John 
 Chipman, Esq., of Marblehead; another, a Mr. Dana, of Brookline, and 
 a third Eev. Edward Brooks, of Medford, formerly minister at North 
 Yarmouth.! 
 
 The ferry, established in 1711, at Holt's Eoeks, and kept by John 
 Swett, was this year (1718) granted by the General Court to Haverhill 
 and Newbury for the term of forty years. In answer to Mr. Swett's peti- 
 tion, this town granted him all its right in the ferry, if he would engage 
 to carry the inhabitants over the river " for a penny a single person and 
 four pence for a man and horse." 
 
 We notice that, with the exception of two years, the bounty of twenty 
 shillings on wolves had been annually voted up to this time. The num- 
 ber of these troublesome animals in the vicinity may be judged from the 
 fact that in 1716, five full-grown ones were killed in town. The bounty 
 was continued for many years after this time. 
 
 c- The reason given for not including the parsonage land west of the ahove river, was, — " not knowing 
 but what they may in some convenient time settle another minister there." 
 
 t The following is from the Town Records: — John Brown, m Joanna Cotton. Ch. — Elizabeth, 
 
 Oct 26, 1721; Martha Feb 6, 1723, d Oct 5, 1736; John, Mar 9, 172-t; Nathaniel, Sep 20, 1725, d. Oct 
 
 21,1736; Cotton, Jan 21,1726; Ward, July 19,1728; Meriel, July o, 1730; Abigail, ; Thomas, 
 
 May 17, 1734 ; Samuel, Sep 17, 1736, d Nov 8, 1736 ; The Rev. John Brown, died Dec. 2, 1742. " Bhillis, 
 an Indian servant" of Mr. Brown's, d Apl 22, 1729. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 249 
 
 The first mention we find of a deacon in town, is in the records of 1717. 
 when "Deacon John Haseltine " was chosen moderator of one of the meet- 
 ings ahout a minister. A few weeks hxter, we find "Deacon White" 
 (John) among the names. These two, then, were undoubtedly the active 
 church deacons at this time. Deacon Haseltine was moderator of all the 
 meetings called to see about a minister at this period, but not of other 
 town meetings. Deacon White's seems to haA^e been the usual stopping 
 place for those who supplied the pulpit while there was no settled minister 
 in town. The celebrated George W^hitefield, who visited the town twice 
 during his well known labors in the vicinity, was. on both occasions, the 
 guest of Deacon White. Whitefield did not preach in town on his first 
 visit, as strong objections were made to allowing him the use of the meet- 
 ing-house ; but, on his second visit, he preached to a large congregation of 
 p)eo2)le in the open air, opposite the Deacon's house, on Mill Street. So 
 strong was the prejudice against AVhitefield, that the authorities of the 
 town, hearing that he was to preach, sent him a warning to depart out of 
 the town. Instead of complying with their request, he read their letter 
 at the close of his afternoon discourse, and observing "Poor souls! they 
 shall have another sermon," proceeded to give notice that he should preach 
 at the same place, at sunrise, the next morning. He kept his word, and 
 addressed a large audience. 
 
 The following brief notice of the first settlement of Londonderry may 
 not be considered inappropriate in this place,, for reasons which will after- 
 ward appear. 
 
 On the 14th of August, 1718, there arrived in Boston five ship-loads 
 of emigrants from the north of Ireland. •- They were descendants of a 
 colony which went from Argyleshire, in Scotland, about the middle of the 
 seventeeth century. They were rigid Presbyterians, and fled from Scot- 
 land to avoid the persecutions of Charles I. Soon after their arrival in 
 New England, they petitioned the Assembly for a grant of land, and ob- 
 tained liberty to make a settlement of twelve miles square in any of the 
 unappropriated lands to the eastward. Twenty families of them sailed 
 for Casco, where they remained until spring, when, not finding land which 
 pleased them, most of them embarked for the Merrimack. They reached 
 Haverhill April 2d, and while here, hearing of a fine tract of land about 
 fifteen miles distant, called Nutjield, from the abundance of chesnut, but- 
 ternut, and walnut trees, which distinguished its forests, the men left their 
 
 " There were one hundred and twenty families in all. 
 
 32 
 
250 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 families in Havertill, and went to view Nutfield. Being well pleased witli 
 the location, and finding it unappropriated, they concluded to take it up. 
 Having selected a spot, and built a few huts, they returned for their fami- 
 lies, with whom they finally amved at Nutfield April 11, O. S., 1719. 
 There were sixteen families of them. In 1720, they purchased the Indian 
 title, and, although it was long a frontier town, they were never molested 
 by the Indians. In 1723 their settlement was incorporated by the name 
 of Londonderry, — from a city in the north of Ireland, near which they 
 had formerly resided. 
 
 These settlers introduced the culture of the potato, — a vegetable till then 
 unknown in Xew England, — and also the manufacture of linen cloth. •' 
 
 Potatoes were first raised in the garden of Mr. Nathaniel Walker, of 
 Andover, and gradually, but very slowly, found their way into general 
 cultivation. They are first mentioned in Newbury, in 1732; in Lynn, 
 1733; in 1737, Eev. Thomas Smith, of Portland, says "there is not a 
 peck of potatoes in the whole eastern country." So late as 1750, if any 
 person raised so large a quantity as five bushels, great was the inquiry 
 among his neighbors as to how he could dispose of the enormous quantity. 
 They were first planted in this town by "William White, who raised four 
 bushels ; but he knew not how to make use of so large a quantity, and 
 gave many of them to his neighbors. 
 
 Eev. Mr. Parker, in his History of Londonderry, gives the following 
 interesting account of their first cultivation in Andover : — 
 
 "Previous to a permanent settlement at Londonderry, some of these 
 people resided a few months at Andover, Mass., and on taking their depar- 
 ture, a few potatoes were left with one of the families there, for seed. 
 The potatoes were accordingly planted ; came up, and flourished well ; 
 blossomed and produced balls, which the family supposed were the fruit 
 to be eaten. They cooked the balls in vainous ways, but could not make 
 them palatable, and pronounced them unfit for food. The next spring, 
 while ploughing their garden, the plough turned out some of the potatoes, 
 of great size, and thus discovered to them their previous mistake." 
 
 At the annual meeting of this town, in 1719, it was voted "to make all 
 the inhabitants of this Town proprietors in Common lands according to the 
 charges they have borne in the town in the time of the war ; " and a com- 
 mittee was chosen "to examine what every man paid to the rates in the 
 time of the war in this town." We do not learn that this proposition was 
 finally carried out. 
 
 o Belknap, Hist. -N. H. 
 
HISTOKY OF HATERHILL. 251 
 
 The proceedings of tlie " Commoners," in liolding separate meetings, 
 and taking the management of the common lauds into their own hands, 
 was not entirely satisfactory to all the inhabitants, and, early in June, 
 1719, "upwards of twenty of the Inhabitants & Freeholders" petitioned 
 the selectmen to call a town meeting " to prevent the disposing of any 
 more of the common-lauds belonging to said Town by a few men contrary 
 to a former vote of said Town ; " and also, " to choose a committee to pros- 
 ecute any that have or shall encroach upon any of the lands, at the Town's 
 cost." The selectmen refused to call such a meeting, and a warrant was 
 thereupon issued by " Joseph AVoodbridge Justice of the Peace." 
 
 Nothing was done at the meeting thus called, except the dismissal 
 of all committees previously chosen by the town, and the choice of a new 
 committee, to prosecute encroachers upon the common lands of the town. 
 From these proceedings, it will be seen, that the non-commoners were deter- 
 mined to tvj their strength with the commoners, and the consequence was 
 that the town soon became the seat of warm contentions, and disputes. 
 At the time of the last named meeting, the feeling ran so high, that the 
 commoners were refused the key of the meeting-house, and after organizing 
 their meeting at its door, they adjourned to the tavern of James Pecker, 
 where several subsequent meetings were also convened. 
 
 In July of this year, Stephen Barker, Henry Bodwell, and others, peti- 
 tioned the town " to grant or set them off a certain tract of land lying in 
 the township of Haverhill that so they might be a township or parish," 
 but their request was denied.-' 
 
 At the next March meeting, the following petition was presented : — 
 
 *' Whereas there is a certain tract of land in the West end of Haverhill 
 containing Fifty or Sixty acres, lying on the south and south west of a 
 Meadow commonly called bare meadow, which land, together with a piece 
 of land lying on a hill called meetinghouse hill, in times past reserved by 
 our forefathers for the use of the ministry, might in hard times make a 
 convenient Parsonage ; if by the blessing of God, the gospel might so 
 flourish amongst us, and we grow so populous, as to be able to maintain 
 and carry on the gospel ministry amongst us. ^ 
 
 We therefore humbly* pray that you would take into consideration the 
 circumstances we are in, & the difficulty we may hereafter meet with in 
 procuring a privilege for the ministry ; and that you would grant, & settle 
 & record the above said lands in your Town book, for the above said use. 
 
 ' The petitioners lived in that part of the town now Methuen. 
 
252 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL, 
 
 & you will gratify your humble petitioners and oblige us & our posterity 
 
 to serve you hereafter in what we may. 
 
 Joshua Swan, Thos Johnson, Thos Whittier, 
 
 Henry Bodwell, Edwd Carleton, Ephraim Clark, 
 
 Henry Bodwell jun, Saml Hutchins, Thos Whittier sen, 
 
 Danl Bodwell, Elisha Davis, Mathw Harriman, 
 
 Jas Bodwell, John Hastings, Saml Smith, 
 
 Thos ^lassar, John Gutterson, Saml Currier, 
 
 James Davis, John Lad, Jona Clark, 
 
 Abiall Masser, James Sanders jun, Stephen' Barker, 
 
 Henry Sanders, Wm Whittier, John Sanders." 
 
 " This petition was granted according to the proposals therein made," 
 and in July a committee was chosen to lay out the land. 
 
 This spring (1720) the dispute between the commoners and non-com- 
 moners again came up for consideration, and at the annual meeting, the 
 town unanimously voted to make the following proposal to the commoners : 
 
 " That the inhabitants or non-commoners so called, should have their 
 right in all the Common or undivided lands in said Haverhill, lying on 
 the West side of the way from William Johnson's to Jonathan Cloughs, in 
 proportion with the Commoners according to the rates & taxes they have 
 borne from the year 1694 to the year 1714." 
 
 " Nathan Webster was chosen to prefer this request to the Commoners 
 or Proprietors of the Common land in Haverhill." 
 
 At an adjourned meeting, May 29, "The Commoners answer to the 
 Town's proposal was brought into the Town meeting & read ; and the Com- 
 moners therein signify to the Town that they can't see reason to grant 
 their proposals at present." 
 
 Upon this, the non-commoners appear to have decided to do as they 
 pleased with the lands in dispute, as the very first vote at the nest meeting, 
 was, to " sell some common-land to pay the Towns debts or charges;" 
 and the second was as follows: — " Voted and granted that that tract of 
 land lying beyond Hoghill mill that lyeth within our Township not intrud- 
 ing on the fourth division land shall be laid out to those men that have 
 been out in long marches in the time of the war, and to others of the 
 inhabitants of this Town, that will make speedy settlement on the same." 
 
 A committee of five was chosen to lay it out forthwith, in fifty acre lots. 
 
 At the July meeting, Ann Pecker petitioned for liberty to build a small 
 pew in the meeting-house, " as through my infirmity and weakness, by 
 reason'of my age I cannot sit comfortably in the meetinghouse, during the 
 time of divine service, the seat being so very narrow." Her request was 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL 253 
 
 granted, and also one from Eicliard Hazzen, who preferred a similar request, 
 as he had "no place to sit but upon courtesy of Mr Eastman or ciowding 
 into some fore seat, too honorable for me." 
 
 Samuel Haseltine was granted a piece of common-land, for his work in 
 " enlarging the galleries of the meeting-house ; " and various other grants 
 and sales of common-land were also made at the same meeting. The town 
 seem to have renewed the business of disposing of these surplus lands in 
 good earnest. At the next meeting they voted to " defend the land that 
 they have sold or shall sell," and also to " bear all the charges that any 
 man or men shall be put to, to defend the land that he hath bought or 
 shall buy of the Town, by any suits in law until the title of said land 
 shall be tried out." 
 
 In October, a meeting was held to see about the town's proportion of the 
 £50,000 " Bank money " granted by the Great and General Court in 1720. 
 Trustees were appointed to receive it, and were directed to let it out to 
 individuals, inhabitants of Haverhill, in sums of £10 to £20, at five per 
 cent, interest, payable annually. 
 
 This year, there was a new " seating of persons in the meeting-house." 
 The magnitude of the undertaking may be judged from the fact that it 
 took the committee four days to do the job. As before, a second committee 
 were appointed to assign seats for the first committee. 
 
 At an adjourned meeting, December 11th, the following important action 
 was taken in relation to the common lands in town : — 
 
 " Voted and granted that the common land in Haverhill except the Cow 
 common and the land beyond Hoghill mill, shall be laid out into rate lots, 
 according to the Charges or Eates that every person in this town has paid 
 from the year 1692 to 1712, except those persons that removed out of the 
 Town in the time of the war ; & excepting some land to make good old 
 grants, if any do appear to be justly due from the Town." 
 
 " Voted and granted that every five pounds that has been paid in public 
 charges or rates in this Town by any persons within the time above men- 
 tioned, shall draw one acre of land in the rate lots ; and so proportionably 
 according to what sum they have paid within the time above prefixed." 
 
 A committee was chosen to take an account of the rates paid during the 
 years specified, and also one to lay out the land according to the above votes. 
 During this time the commoners were not by any means idle. At a 
 meeting in January, (Jan. 2, 1721) Samuel White and William White 
 were granted permission to set up a grist-mill and fulling-mill on Sawmill 
 Eiver. The reason given for desiring to move their mill from Mill Brook 
 to the above place, was, — the scarcity of water during a part of the year 
 at Mill Brook. 
 
254 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 At the same meeting, a fifth division of land was ordered, which was to 
 include all the undivided lands in town, except the cow-common. 
 
 At a meeting in February, " the island or islands just above Spicket 
 Falls " were sold to Asa and Eichard Swan, for £2, 10 s. 
 
 At a meeting in June, the following interesting petition was presented : — 
 " HaverhillJune 26, 1721: 
 
 To ye commoners or proprietors of ye common lands in Haverhill : 
 Ye petition of Ebenezer Eastman of ye sd Town humbly sheweth yt for as 
 much as Trading by sea is one way whereby I expect to gett my living 
 and furnish out my good neighbors wth many such neSsisarys of life as 
 are most conveniant, and ye Incouragment of shipping being of very great 
 consequence and a great Interest to this Town as well as my own, I would 
 humbly request yt I may have liberty to erect a wharfi^ some what above 
 ye house where I now dwell yt soe navigation may be promoted, and yt 
 Thereby ye whole Town of Haverhill as well as my self may receive an 
 Annuall Income Thereby and you Infinitely oblige your humble petitioner 
 
 Ebenezer Eastman." 
 
 Ebenezer, son of Phillip Eastman, was born in Haverhill, February 17, 
 1681. His father was the person already mentioned as having been taken 
 captive at the same time with the wife and children of Thomas Kimball, 
 of Bradford ; and whose house and buildings were burned by the Indians, 
 in 1698. 
 
 Fi'om his youth, Ebenezer had been inured to hardship. At the age of 
 twenty-one he joined the regiment of Colonel Wainwright in the expedition 
 against Port Eoyal. In 1711, when the British fleet, under Admiral 
 "Walker, destined against Canada, arrived at Boston, Eastman, then about 
 thirty years of age, had command of a company of infantry, which 
 embarked with others in one of the transports. 
 
 In going up the river St. Lawrence, they encountered a violent north- 
 east storm, in which eight or nine -of the transports were wrecked and 
 about one thousand men lost.* 
 
 The following anecdote is related of Captain Eastman : — As night 
 came on, the orders were that all the transports should follow the admiral's 
 ship, which had a large light hoisted at mast-head for a signal. Captain 
 Eastman was somewhat acquainted with the navigation of the river, having 
 sailed up and down before. In the night, the light of the admiral's ship 
 was not to be seen, and at the time when the fleet were doubling a very 
 dangerous and rocky point. "When the admiral's ship had fairly doubled 
 
 o Holmes' Am. Annals. 
 
HISTORY 0? HATEKHILI. 255 
 
 the point and got Into line, the light appeared in such a position as to 
 draw the line of ships directly on to that dangerous point. Aware of the 
 danger, Captain Eastman went to the commander, informed him of the peril, 
 and begged him to alter the course of the vessel ; but, being then under 
 the influence of liquor, the Captain positively refused to do so, saying he 
 " would follow his admiral if he went to h — 1." " Well," said Captain 
 Eastman, " I have no notion of going there, and if you wont alter the 
 course of the vessel, I will." '•' If you do," replied the Captain, "your 
 head shall be a button for a halter the next morning." Informing his 
 company of their danger, and relying on their support. Captain Eastman 
 ordered the Captain below, and the helmsman to change his course. Thus 
 they escaped the wreck which befel other vessels of the fleet. The next 
 morning, the humbled Captain on his knees acknowledged his deliverer 
 and begged his friendship. On the following day, the admiral came on 
 board, and on seeing Captain Eastman, abruptly asked : " Captain East- 
 man, where were you when the fleet was cast away?" " Following my 
 admiral," replied he. " Following your admiral ! " he exclaimed ; " you 
 Yankees are a pack of praying devils — you saved yourselves but sent my 
 men to h — l."-- 
 
 Soon after his return, Eastman entered with zeal into the projected set- 
 tlement of Penacook, and was one of its most influential, persevering and 
 useful citizens. He mamed, March 4, 1710, Sarah Peaslee, of Haverhill,, 
 daughter of Colonel Xathauiel Peaslee. 
 
 Among the many traditionary anecdotes, it is related that soon after 
 settling in Penacook, Eastman made a journey to Haverhill, on horse-back, 
 purchased a barrel of molasses, and contriving what was called a car, — 
 formed with two shafts, one end of which was fastened to the horse and 
 the other dragged on the ground — lashed on his barrel of molasses, and 
 proceeded on his journey homeward, along the path through the wilderness. 
 He got along very well until he came to the Soucook River. After crossing, 
 the hill was very steep, and the horse would frequently stop to rest a few 
 moments. Having nearly reached the top of the hill, the rigging gave 
 way, down went his barrel of molasses at full speed, and, striking a tree, 
 was dashed in pieces. "Oh dear!" exclaimed the Captain, " my wife 
 will comb my head — yes, and harrow it too ! "f 
 
 Captain Eastman went to Cape Breton twice — the first time, March 1, 
 1745, in command of a company, and was present at the reduction and 
 surrender of Louisburg, Juno 16th. He returned November 10, 1745. 
 Early the next year he went again, and returned home July 9, 1746. He 
 
 * Bonton's Hist. Concord. t Bonton, 
 
256 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 died July 28, 1748, and his descendants are to this day among the most 
 prominent and influential citizens of Concord. 
 
 This petition of Captain Eastman, is the first mention we can find of 
 the commerce of Haverhill, or " trading by sea ; " though it hardly seems 
 probable that he was the pioneer in that direction. And yet, there are 
 strong reasons for believing that he was the first icho made it a business. 
 The sugar and wine, for !Mr. Grardner's ordination, were brought from 
 Boston, on horseback, by Deacon White ; the lime for plastering the par- 
 sonage house, in 1719, was hauled from Xewbury. by oxen ; and the nails 
 for the watch-house were brought from Ipswich, on horseback. These 
 small matters, and many similar that might be mentioned, taken in con- 
 nection with the silence of the records, in regard to the navigation of 
 the Merrimack, favor the supposition, that, up to this time, but little use 
 had been made of the river- for commercial purposes. 
 
 The lots in the fifth division of land, were drawn November 20th, 1721, 
 and. as showing who, or rather whose representatives, were the commoners 
 at this time, the list is well worth inserting in this place : — 
 " The first lot to Jno Aver 27 — Jno Dow purchased from mr 
 
 2 — Mr Clemens Executors Coffins Eight 
 
 o — Mr Joseph Jewitt 28 — ^peter Ayer 
 
 4 — .Jno page 29 — Eichard Singletery 
 
 5 — Thomas Davis 30 — Jno Aver 
 
 6 — Jno Williams sen. 31 — -Jno Hutchins 
 
 7 — Eobert Ayer 32 — wm Simons on the Eight of Jno 
 
 8 — James Davis jun Davis 
 
 9 — Tho Whittier 33 — Eob Swan 
 
 10 — John Johnson 34 — Jno chenary 
 
 11 — Thomas Sleeper 35 — proprietors 
 
 12— Henry palmer 36— Eichd littlehale 
 
 13_Willm Holdridg 37— Tho Eatton 
 
 14 — Stephen Kent 88 — To nathll Ayer on his father Jno 
 
 15 — proprietors Ayers Eight 
 
 16 — Samll Guile 39 — Edward clark 
 
 1 7 — To Eobt clement or Jno clemt 40 — Danll lad 
 
 Eight 41 — .Tames Davis sen 
 
 18 — Georg Brown 42 — James fisk 
 
 19 — Matthais Button 4.3 — Georg Corliss 
 
 20— Danll Hendrick 44 — -John Eatton 
 
 21 — ^piroprietors 45 — Bartholl Heath 
 
 22 — obadiah Ayer on his father Jno 46 — Theophilas SatcheseU 
 
 Ayers Eight 47 — proprietors 
 
 23 — TVm white 48 — hew sherratt 
 
 24 — Tho linforth 49 — Abraham Tyler 
 
 2-5 — Mr Jno Ward 50 — To James pressess Eight," 
 
 26 — .Joseph peasly 
 
HISTORY OF HATERHILL. 257 
 
 The fact tliat all these names, except seven," are to be found in the 
 records within three years from the date of the Indian deed, and before the 
 toAVTi was incorporated, shows most clearly who were at this time, consid- 
 ered to be the proprietors of the undivided lands in the town. They were 
 the heirs and assigns of the original purchasers. Those to whom lands 
 had been granted since thut time, were considered to have no further rights 
 than had been granted them. That is, they could only claim the amount of 
 land that the proprietors had specifically granted thenu " The inhabitants 
 of Pentucket," — their ancestors, — had purchased every foot of the ter- 
 ritory covered by the Indian deed, and their heirs and assigns were 
 therefore the sole proprietors of it. Grants and sales made subsequent to 
 the original purchase, by the proprietors as a body, did not include an in- 
 terest in the remaining undivided lands, but only affected the title to the 
 particular lands thus alienated. This seems to us be the position taken 
 by the " commoners," or "proprietors," at this time. 
 
 The " Kow-commoners," or " legal voters " in the town, on the other 
 hand, seem to have taken the ground, that the territory having been origin- 
 ally granted to the inhabitants of the town generally, all the common or 
 undivided lands remaining at any time, belonged to all who were Ugal in- 
 habitants, or voters, at the time the town should please to dispose of them. 
 It mattered not whether one had been an inhabitant, or legal voter, one 
 day or fifty years ; it was sufficient if he was entitled to vote in town affairs 
 at the time the disposal of the undivided lands came up for consideration. 
 If he was so entitled, he had an equal interest, or proprietorship, in such 
 lands, with each and every other inhabitant of the town at the time. 
 
 These widely different and opposing conclusions, furnish a key to the 
 long, and, at times, warm controversy, carried on concerning the undivided 
 lands in the town. 
 
 The loss of the town's books, which we have before noticed, is doubtless 
 to be accounted for by this controversy. AYhen the books were finally 
 recovered, it seems that they were in a mutilated state, and caused a great 
 deal of trouble in the copying. At the annual meeting in 1721, it was 
 voted "that there shall be a committee chosen to prefer a petition to the 
 General Court for redress, in behalf of the damage that the town sustained 
 by the town-books being part of them cut and torn out." That is. they 
 desired to know how they could obtain redress for the injury done to the 
 books. 
 
 o Joseph Jewitt, Thomas Whittier, John Johnson, Thomas Sleeper, Thomas Linforth, Thomas Eatton, 
 James Pressey. 
 
258 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 Perhaps we cannot better close tlais chapter, than by giving a brief ac- 
 count of the introduction of tea into New England, which occurred about 
 this time/-'' 
 
 The first tea-kettles were small copper articles, and were first used in 
 Plymouth, in 1702, though, for a long time afterward, tea was but little 
 used. The first cast iron tea-kettles, were made in Plympton, now Carver, 
 between 1760 and 1765, and it was about this period that the use of tea 
 became common. Lewis, in his History of Lynn, says, — " when ladies 
 went to visiting parties, each one carried her tea-cup, saucer and spoon. 
 The tea-cups were of the best china, very small, containing as much as a 
 common wine-glass." 
 
 Fi-om a letter written in England, in 1740, we copy the following ex- 
 tractf : — 
 
 " They are not much esteemed now that will not treat high & gossip 
 about. Tea is now become the darling of our women. Almost every 
 little tradesman's wife must set sipping tea for an hour or more in the 
 morning, and it may be again in the afternoon, if they can get it, and 
 nothing will please them to sip it out of but china ware, if they can get 
 it. They talk of bestowing thirty or forty shillings upon a tea equipage, 
 as they call it. There is the silver spoons, silver tongs, and many other 
 trinkets that I cannot name." 
 
 We are unable to say when tea was first introduced into this town, but 
 it was probably soon after its introduction into Boston, as our people were 
 in frequent communication with that place, and have never been far be- 
 hind them in the adoption of new fashions. There is a tradition, that a 
 Mr. Gilo, of this town, had a present sent to him, from Boston, of one 
 pound of tea. His good wife knew not exactly how to make it, but she 
 concluded to hang on her dinner-pot, and cook it in that. The dinner-pot 
 was hung over the fire, partly filled with water, and the whole pound was 
 put into it. But to make it more luscious, the good lady put in a large 
 piece of beef, for she intended to have a real dish of tea, — we presume 
 that she had heard of the old proverb, "the more good things the better." 
 After it had boiled sufficiently, the pot was taken ofi^, " but the liquor was 
 so desjiot strong," that they could not drink it; and, besides, it had made 
 a complete jelly of the meat. 
 
 In regard to the use of cofi'ee in town, we have an equally amusing 
 tradition : — 
 
 About the year 1757, a party of gentlemen arrived from Boston and put 
 up at Lieutenant Ebenezer Eastman's tavern. They brought their cofi'ee 
 
 o Holmes, in his annals, under date of 1720, says, " This year tea began to be used in New England." 
 t Coffin. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERnilX. 259 
 
 with tlicm, and requested the landlady to cook it. The good lady, not 
 being particularly acquainted with the article, nor the manner of cooking 
 it, hardly knew what to do. But having a little self-confidence, with her 
 other good qualities, she scorned to ask advice, and proceeded to cook it 
 in her best manner. Accordingly, she took her bean-pot, put the coffee 
 into it, filled it with water, and boiled it as she would beans.. At length, 
 the refreshment was ready, and when the gentlemen sat down, they were 
 not a little surprised to see their coffee set before them, well boiled, in the 
 kernel. They, however, took it ver'y good-naturedly, and afterward in- 
 structed her in the mystery of cooking coffee. 
 
260 HISTORY OF HAVERHILJL, 
 
 CHAPTEE XVI. 
 
 INDIAN TROUBLES. 1713 TO 1725. 
 
 The peace made with the Indians, in 1713, proved of short duration. 
 The French, who saw in the progress of the English, the downfall of their 
 own power on the continent, employed the great influence of their mission- 
 aries, Ealle, and La Chasse, to arouse the Indians, and stimulate them to 
 jealousy and revenge." A conference was finally held with the Indians, at 
 Arowsic Island, in 1717, by Governor Shute, which resulted in a confirma- 
 tion of the treaty of 1713, and the apparent satisfaction of the Indians. 
 But the French were far from willing to allow the savages to be at peace 
 with the English, and, in 1719, they again renewed their claims for the 
 removal of the English from their lands, but a small force on the frontiers 
 prevented an open violation of the treaty. 
 
 In 1720, the Indians were persuaded to commit depredations, and parties 
 from the Norridgwock and Penobscot tribes killed some cattle, and threat- 
 ened the lives of the English. The Nova Scotia Indians went still further, 
 and added murder to robbery. Further hostilities at this time were pre- 
 vented by Colonel Walton, of New Hampshire, who was detached with a 
 force of two hundi-ed men to guard the frontiers. In August, 1721, a 
 party of two hundred Indians, accompanied by their spiritual leaders, 
 Kalle and La Chasse, under French colors, and armed, appeared at Arowsic, 
 for a "talk" with the commander. This ended without satisfaction to 
 either party, and the Indians left with complaints and threats. They 
 warned the English to remove from their lands in three weeks, or they 
 would kill, burn, and destroy. Iritated by the conduct of the French, 
 government determined to attempt the removal of the cause of all the 
 trouble, and for that purpose, three hundred men were sent to Norridgwock, 
 with orders to seize Father Ealle, and bring him to Boston. No other 
 success attended this expedition, than the seizure of his private papers, 
 which fully revealed the secret machinations of the French. 
 
 This invasion of their head-quarters, exasperated the enemy in an unus- 
 ual degree, and, in June, 1722, a party of sixty men, in twenty canoes, 
 captured nine families, at Merrymeeting Bay, and committed other depre- 
 dations, soon followed by the destruction of Brunswick, Maine. 
 
 " See Hutcliinson, Douglas, and others, upon this point. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 261 
 
 Immediately after the news of the latter reached Boston, the Governor 
 and council made a formal declaration of war. 
 
 Though so far removed from the immediate vicinity of the troubles, the 
 inhabitants of this town well knew that they were not safe from savage 
 outrage, and they determined to be prepared for any emergency. With 
 the bloody scenes of August 29, 1708, still fresh in their memory, we need 
 not wonder that their first care was for their minister. At a meeting held 
 on the 10th of August, the Selectmen were ordered " to build a good fort 
 round Eev. Mr. Brown's house with what speed they could." 
 
 The enemy committed no further violence that season, but early in the 
 spring, they divided into small parties and harassed the whole line of fron- 
 tier settlements, — Falmouth, Scarboro, Berwick, Wells, York, Dover, and 
 Lampray Biver. This intelligence, as may be supposed, thoroughly 
 alarmed the people of Haverhill, and, at a meeting called March 19th, the 
 town voted to buy a house of Jeremiah Page, and set it up between the 
 parsonage house and Samuel Smith's, for a watch-house, which was accord- 
 ingly done, with all possible dispatch. =■■= 
 
 On the opening of the spring of 1724, the enemy were again found in 
 numerous parties, scattered over the country, plundering and murdering 
 the inhabitants, and threatening the entire destruction of the English 
 settlements. A constant watch was foixnd necessary in the frontier towns, 
 and those less exposed were called upon to furnish their proportion of 
 soldiers for the common defence. In July, Colonel Noyes, of Newbury, was 
 ordered to send twelve men to Haverhill, and six to Amesbury, to serve as 
 scouts. A few weeks later, (September 15,) "John White, Capt; Eichard 
 Kimball Capt; Jonathan AVoodman, Capt; and Eichard Hazzen, Lieut;" 
 wrote from this town to the governor, strongly urging the importance of 
 sending an army of men to Winnipiseogee Lake, to surprise the Indians 
 in that vicinity, and utterly rout them. 
 
 Determined to beard the lion in his den, government fitted out a force of 
 two hundred and eight men, and attacked the head quarters of the Indians 
 at Norridgwock. The settlement was entirely destroyed, and about eighty 
 killed and drowned, among whom was father Ealle, the Jesuit missionary. 
 This achievement completely broke the power of the Norridgwocks.f 
 
 The next and last considerable engagement in this war, took place at 
 Pec|uawket, now Fryburg, Me., in May, 1725, by a party of volunteers, 
 
 ° The town clerk made a journey to Ipswich for the nails, on horseback. At the raising, " two quarts 
 Rum " were employed, at an expense of four shillings. 
 t See Hutchinson, for a full account. 
 
262 HISTORY or haterhill. 
 
 under Captain Lovewell. In ttis bloody fight, tlie English, after sustaining 
 themselves against great odds, almost an entire day, were left in possession 
 of the field. 
 
 Lovewell's (or Lovell's) company consisted of forty-six men, besides 
 himself, including a chaplain and surgeon. Four of these men were from 
 Haverhill, viz : Abiel Asten, Ebenezer Ayer, Doctor AVilliam Ayer, and 
 Zebediah Austin. '■■= Captain Lovewell was from Dunstable, and had 
 already distinguished himself on several occasions. 
 
 The Haverhill men probably joined Lovewell at this town, where the 
 expedition was furnished with supplies, by John White, who had charge of 
 the Province stores in Haverhill. f They started about April 16, 0. S. 
 On arriving at Ossipee lake, one of their number was taken sick, and they 
 built a small fort, as a place of refuge in case of mishaps, and left the sick 
 man, with the doctor, and eight men to hold the fort. With the rest of his 
 compan}^ Lovewell boldly marched for Pequaquake, to attack the bold 
 Paugus in his own home. On the morning of May 8th, as they came nea.r 
 Saco Pond, they discovered a solitary Indian shooting ducks, and, leaving 
 their packs unguarded, they prepared to attack the enemy whom they 
 supposed must be near by. Not finding the enemy as they had expected, 
 the company were leisurely returning upon their own trail, when they fell 
 into an ambuscade. It seems that Paugus and a party of about forty 
 Indians, returning from a scout down the Saco, came upon the packs of 
 Lovewell's men, and finding them less in number then their own, they 
 resolved to attack them. For this purpose they formed an ambuscade, and 
 when the company reached the little brook on the east side of the above 
 named pond, the Indians rose on all sides, fix-ed, and rushed upon them with 
 yells of defiance. Captain Lovewell fell at the first fire. His company 
 immediately returned the fire, killing nine of the enemy, and then scattered, 
 each getting behind a tree, and firing as he got a good chance. Thus the 
 fight was continued, with fat{il effect on both sides, until toward night, 
 when several of the Indians had succeeded in getting near the pond, and 
 among them Paugus, who took refuge behind a tree within talking distance 
 of John Chamberlain, who knew him personally. Their guns having become 
 too foul to fire, the two agreed to go down to the pond and cleanse them. 
 Each, with au eye upon his antagonist, endeavored to clean and load his 
 gun in the quickest time possible, and then take the life of the other. 
 
 o Abiel Asten belonged in that part of Haverhill, now Salem, N. H., where he was living in 1790, aged 
 eigh ty. — Belknap. 
 
 Zebediah Austin belonged in that of Haverhill, now Methuen. He married Sarah Gutterson, April 
 18, 1729. 
 
 t Btafo Archivea. 
 
HISTORY OP IIAVECHILL. 263 
 
 Their movements were simultaneous, until they drew their ramrods to send 
 home the leaden messengers of death. In his exteme excitement, Paugus 
 dropped his ramrod, and though he scarce lost a second's time by the mishap, 
 it was enough for his opponent. Just as Paugus brought his gun to his 
 shoulder, Chamberlain fired, and the noted chief fell dead ! 
 
 Soon after sunset, the firing ceased. About midnight, the survivers of 
 Lovewell's men assembled, and found only twenty-three of their brave 
 companions alive. Of these, one was just breathing his last; two more 
 were unable to travel ; and eleven others wounded. The latter marched 
 off the ground with the nine who were not much wounded, but four of 
 them soon gave out, and were left by their companions, who kept on to the 
 Fort. On reaching the latter, they found it entirely deserted ! It after- 
 ward appeared, that Hassel, one of the men, had fled in the first part of the 
 fight, and given such an exaggerated account of the aff"air, that the occu- 
 pants of the fort immediately abandoned it, and retreated toward home. 
 After much suffering, the survivors of the bloody fight arrived at Dunstable 
 on the eleventh of May. 
 
 Soon after this fight the Penobscot Indians expressed a desire for peace, 
 and a treaty was executed in December, 1725, and confirmed at Falmouth 
 the next July. In 1727, the tribes which had not been represented in this 
 conference, notified the government of their desire to make a public con- 
 firmation of the peace, which was subseq^uently done at Falmouth, in 
 July, 1727. 
 
 The peace which succeeded was of long continuance, and though, during 
 the subsequent diificulties with the French, the frontiers were often 
 harrassed by the Indians, Haverhill was never again molested by them. 
 The settlement of a line of towns to the north, at last completely protected 
 this town, after having been a frontier town for more than three-fourths of 
 a century. During that period more than sixty of its inhabitants were 
 killed by the Indians, and between fifty and sixty captured. Some of the 
 latter were never heard from afterward, though most of them were ransomed, 
 or escaped, and returned home. 
 
 That the situation of this town during these troubles was by no means 
 pleasant, is plainly seen in the fact that a scouting company was formed 
 in town the summer following Lovewell's fight, and were in actual service 
 during the months of September and October. The immediate cause which 
 led to the organization of the company, we find given in a letter from 
 Joshua Bailey and Jonathan "Woodman, of this town, to the Governor, 
 dated August 30, 1725, in which they state that Indians had been recently 
 seen '-lurking in the woods, guns heard, &c." The men were employed as 
 
264 HISTORY OF HAVEEHILL. 
 
 scouts, or "Centinels," and a line of them were kept constantly posted on 
 tlie frontier of tlie town, to give the alarm in case of the appearance of 
 the enemy. '•■= 
 
 From the original " Muster Eoll of Moses Hazzcn, Ensign," we copy 
 the names of those under his command, in that service, from September 
 6th to October 27th, 1725: — Moses Hazzen, Ensign; Kobert Ford, Wm. 
 Heath Jun., Phineas Foster, John Dow, Timothy Duston, David Emerson, 
 Ebenezer Ayers, Samuel Merril, William Mitchel, Centinels. 
 
 With the following incident, illustrative of Indian sagacity, we close 
 this part of the early history of the town : f 
 
 " At the mouth of Baker's Eiver, in the town of Plymouth, N. H., the 
 Indians had a settlement, where have been found Indian graves, bones, 
 gun-barrels, stone mortars, pestles, and other articles in use among them. 
 In this place, it is said they were attacked by Capt. Baker, (from whom 
 the river derived its name) and a party from Haverhill, Mass., who defeated 
 them, killed a number, and destroyed a large quantity of fur. There is a 
 story respecting an expedition of Capt. Baker, which, if correct, and we 
 see no reason to doubt its correctness, shows the sagacity of Indians. — 
 A friendly Indian had accompanied Capt. Baker in his expedition, and 
 from the movement of the savages was satisfied that they had sent to 
 Winnepisiogee or Pequawkett ponds for aid. He assured Capt. B. of the 
 fact, and told him what they did must be done immediately ; that they had 
 better make their escape or they would be overpowered by numbers and 
 be destroyed. And on their march down the river Pemigewasset, he urged 
 them not to stop, telling them they would be pursued. But when they 
 reached the brook at Salisbury village, the men were so fatigued that they 
 said they must stop and refresh themselves. The Indian told them to 
 build each one a fire and cut several sticks apiece to broil their meat on, 
 to burn the end of each as though thus used, and stick them into the 
 ground, and then proceed as soon as possible. It was but a very short 
 time after they had set out before the Indians came to the place where 
 they had refreshed, and counting the fires and the number of sticks, said 
 the English were too strong for them, and gave up the pursuit." 
 
 * In 1723, John .Clement asked to be released from paying the rent of the " Parsonage farm " the 
 previous year, on the ground that he was driven off the land by the war. — Town Records. 
 t We copy from the Collectio»s of the New Hampshire Historical Society— Vol. 1.] 
 
HISTORY OF nATERHILL, 265 
 
 CHAPTER XYIL 
 
 1720 TO 1728. 
 
 At the annual meeting of the town for 1722, it was, for the first time, 
 proposed that the mending of the highways should be done by a rate, but 
 the proposition was promptly negatived. 
 
 This year, and for more than a hundred years after, persons were chosen 
 to see that the *' fish courses " were kept clear, so that the fish might not 
 be prevented or hindered from going up the streams in their appropriate 
 season. 
 
 At the annual meeting in 1723, the subject of cchools again came up 
 for consideration, and three new school-houses were ordered to be built — 
 one in the north part of the town, between Daniel Ela's and Widow Mary 
 "Whittier's, one in the north-westerly part, near the house of Jonathan 
 Duston, and the other in the westerly part, near William Whitticker's. 
 It was also voted to hire a school-master, " to move for the town's benefit 
 to the several parts of the town." Eichard Hazzen kept school "three 
 quarters " this year, — one quarter at the house of Widow Mary Whittier. 
 He was paid eleven pounds per quarter. 
 
 At the same meeting, the following petition was presented, signed by 
 four of the inhabitants'- : — " Whereas your petitioners having their habi- 
 tations so distant from the meeting-house, that, at any time being belated, 
 we cannot get into any seat ; but are obliged to sit squeased on the stairs 
 where we cannot hear the minister and so get little good by his preaching, 
 though we endeavour to ever so much ; and there being a vacant place be- 
 twixt the front pew and the pew on the side gallery over the head of the 
 stairs, we humbly request liberty to erect a seat over the same." The 
 petition was granted. 
 
 At the same time several womenf petitioned for liberty " to erect a seat 
 or pew over the head of the stairs, not damnifying the stairway," which 
 was also gi-anted. 
 
 Abiall Messer was granted the privilege of keeping a ferry near his 
 house for five years. 3Iesser, we believe, lived in that part of the town 
 now Methuen. 
 
 *' James Sanders, Jr., Jolm Eatton, Jr., Nathaniel Peaslee, Jr., Joseph Merrill. 
 
 t Sarah Hazzen, Hannah Hazzen, Hannah Clement, Ruth Clement, Rachal Sanders, Abigail Peaslee, 
 Susanna Peaslee. 
 
 34 
 
2GG HISTORY or hayerhill. 
 
 In the fall of 1723, tlie Selectmen of Haverhill, and the Selectmen of 
 Kingston met, and run the line between the two towns.='' 
 
 The first mention we find of seines, or nets, for fishing in the river, is in 
 the records of this year (1723) when Captain Joshua Bayley, Ebenezer 
 Eastman, and others, petitioned for liberty to fish in the river with a net 
 " from Ebenezer Eatton's down to Hardy's landing." The petition was 
 refused. 
 
 We now approach one of the most critical periods in the history of our 
 town ; — that in which the disputes and difl&culties between the " proprie- 
 tors" or "commoners," and the rest of the land holders in town reached 
 the culminating j/oint. We have already seen that, for some time, there 
 had been an increasing feeling of dissatisfaction on the part of the latter 
 with the proceedings of the former. The non-proprietors had seen the 
 common and undivided lands of the town gradually growing less and less 
 under the frequent grants of the proprietors, until the most obtuse could 
 not fail to see that ere many years should elapse, none of them would be 
 left, as such. 
 
 The largest, and most valuable, of the remaining tracts of nndivided land 
 was the portion still left of that laid out in 1665 as a "cow common. "f 
 This had been much reduced from its original dimensions, but was still a 
 large and valuable tract of land. The proprietors had several times dis- 
 cussed the proposition to lay it out into lots, and dispose of them, but as 
 yet had not fully decided to do so. 
 
 The question of the ownership of these lands was yet, in the minds 
 of many, a mooted question, and the dispute in relation to them now be- 
 gan to show visible signs of its unhappy tendency. Eive meetings were 
 held in succession, and not a vote was passed. The marginal refer- 
 ence to one of them says, that it was "precious time spent for nought." 
 The two parties were fast approaching open hostility, and unless some com- 
 promise could be made, it was evident that the results must inevitably be 
 disastrous to the town. Under these circumstances, a committee was 
 chosen by the " town " (September 2d, 1723,) to confer with the common- 
 ers, " in order to make some agreement about common lands in Haverhill," 
 and the meeting adjourned to hear the report. The town committee asked 
 for "a proposition, in order to make peace." 
 
 ** The Charter of Kingston was granted in 1^94, and included what now forms the towns of Kingston, 
 East Kingston, Danville, and Sandown and portions of Plaistow and Hampstcad. 
 
 ■j" According to the vote of March 7, 1665, all the land within the following bounds was forever to be a 
 cow-common: — Within the bounds of Fishing river; and from thence to a brook that goelh to the hither 
 north meadow ; and from thence as the cart path goeth, to the meadow of Bartholomew Heath, which was 
 formerly George Corliss's meadow: and from thence to the East meadow river, and so within the l)ouuds 
 of the east meadow river down to the Great river. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL 267 
 
 "VVLen tlie adjourned meeting was opened, it was found that no reply 
 had yet been received from the commoners, and another adjournment was 
 made. At the next meeting, the committee reported that the town's propo- 
 sition had been made to the commoners, at one of their meetings, and was 
 "met with silence, & nothing more." This silence of the commoners was 
 not, however, to be attributed to their sullenness or disinclination to ac- 
 cept the olive branch of peace, as will appear plain from their proceedings 
 immediately afterward. 
 
 Early in December, (December 5, 1723,) several of the proprietors 
 petitioned for a meeting of the proprietors, as follows : — 
 
 "To Jno White esqr: proprietors dark greeting, whereas There are 
 severall persons in ye Town of Haverhill of long & ancient standing in ye 
 Town, who by reason yt They have little or no Eight in ye Comon lands 
 either by Them selves or claiming under Their Ancestors are very uneasy 
 att je division & disposall of said lands to & among ye proprietors & 
 reall owners of itt. Therefore wee ye subscribers proprietors Taking into 
 Consideration ye damage of Contention, & yt peace may be made, we re- 
 quest yt There may bee a meeting of ye proprietors to bee att ye meeting 
 house in Haverhill on monday ye sixth day of January next ensuing att 
 Ten of ye clock in ye forenoon for Eeasons following, first yt if ye pro- 
 prietoi'S see cause They chuse a Comitte to debate ye matter wth such per- 
 sons who have been of long & ancient standing in ye Town Though They 
 have little or noe Eight To any Comon lands either by Them selves or An- 
 cestors & To see upon what Conditions such persons will be satisfied & To 
 make report to ye proprietors soe yt They may Give them some lands if 
 They see Cause. 
 
 secondly yt They chuse a Comitte To debate wth such persons who lay 
 claim to Eights not yett allowed To see what will satisfie Them & make 
 report Thereof to ye proprietors yt soe They may act upon itt if They see 
 Cause." 
 
 The meeting was held accordingly, and Deacon James Ayer, Nathaniel 
 Peasly, and Eichard Hazzen, were chosen a committee to meet the non- 
 proprietors and ascertain what would satisfy them. 
 
 The committee met the latter at the tavern of Cornet James Pecker, on 
 the 28 th of January, and reported to the proprietors, on the 5 th of Feb- 
 ruary, the following, as the result of their " debate " : — 
 
 "Jno Sanders did declare & say yt as to ye comons They were in ye 
 hands of ye Law & yt hee was easy wth ye determination of ye Law, for 
 if ye Town lost, his Eight with ye comons would bee as good as now. 
 
268 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 Josliua Swan would not "bee easy unless They would grant him 15 acres 
 between Samll Davis & Job elements. 
 
 mathew Harriman junr declared yt hee would bee uneasy unless all ye 
 fences erected on ye cow comon were demolished & itt lay according to ye 
 vote of ye ancient fathers & ye proprietors records Burnt. 
 
 William Johnson would not be easy unless They would fling up ye cow 
 comon. 
 
 All those above accounted are unreasonable in Their demands & soe 
 (we) acted nothing upon it. 
 
 All ye other persons under written To ye number of about 39 persons 
 Though They had noe materiall objection against ye division of ye Comons 
 yett since They had bore charges lost friends by ye Indians : «Stc did desire 
 some particular pieces of laud upon ye proprietors grant of which They 
 would bee easy & for ye future rest contented & proceeded To request as 
 followeth (viz) 
 
 Jno Stevens sen: & Jun: proposes To have about six acres neer Aaron 
 Stephens 
 
 Isack Bradly Bradly requests six acres neer hony ball mill 
 
 Stephen Dow requests five acres beyond nicholas whites 
 
 Josci)h Guile requests about Two acres by his house part is allready 
 fenced in 
 
 Hauiel & Edward Samll & Timothy dark requests six acers where Their 
 mother lives 
 
 James Heath about Ten acers neer Jno Harrimans Mill 
 
 Josiah Heath Junr four acres neer moses Stephens 
 
 Samll Smith Ten acres neer Jno Harrimans mill 
 
 Eobert ford Bequests 10 acres where There is Comon neer hogg hill mill 
 
 Abraham Bradly about six acres neer yt his brother Isack requested 
 
 Ens: AVhitiker yt wheras he hath half a right To lay out in ye Cow 
 Comon They would lett him have a whole Eight & hee will bee easy 
 
 nathll men-ill: Jun: for himselfe & brethren requests Ten acres in yt 
 Comon beyond Henery Sanders house 
 
 nathll Johnson requests Eight acres next his own land 
 
 Tho Eatton requests To have about Ten acres on west meado hill Wil- 
 liam Whittaker Junr 10 acres on ye Eight hand of ye way yt leads To 
 Honyball mill mill joyning to ye mill pond 
 
 Joseph page requests about Three acres where hee now lives 
 
 Benjamin Standlee requests about five acres of yt Comon beyond Hen- 
 ery Sanders 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 269 
 
 peter Green scnr: & -Junr: Bequests yt They would grant Them all yt 
 Comon which They have withinfenced & yt att ye south of Their land 
 being part of Their Eight allready laid out & yt att ye East End of Their 
 land, & lay out Their Comon Eight in some other place, They having a 
 Convenient Eoad To ye Sour meadow 
 
 Andrew mitchell: senr requests about six acres in yt Comon beyond 
 Henery Sanders, and yt stripp of Comon betwixt ye highway & ye farm 
 called Hainses farm & a small peice By his barn 
 
 Jonathan Eastman requests 20 acres in providence neck 
 Samll marble senr: Twenty acres in providence neck north of ye Copls 
 pond farm--= 
 
 Stephen Webster Twenty acres north of Copls pond farm as wee goe to 
 providence neck 
 
 Joseph Whittier proposes about Eight acres on ye north of The way y 
 leads from nicolas whites To Corlys meadow 
 
 Abraham page requests about Eight acres next to yt Whittier requested 
 . John Webster & nathan webster 40 acres To both in providence neck 
 
 Deacon mash requests about Two acres being a small strip lying be- 
 twixt land laid out To him in ye Cow Comon & ye way yt goes to Jeremy 
 pages 
 
 Aaron Stephens about four acres Joyning on his own land 
 Samll Worthen three acres betwixt Jno Harrimans mill & ye wooden 
 bridg 
 
 Abiall mercer about 5 acers neer obadiahs meadow 
 Jno Lad a small peice by his own land about Two acres 
 Job elements about Ten acres next yt william whittier requests for 
 Christopher Bartlit 12 acres next to yt hee bought of Guile & proposes 
 To have his Two Comon Eights laid out adjoyning To This 
 
 matthew Harriman senr about Eight acres beyond nathll Johnsons land 
 Jno Heath about six acres below wainwrights mill on The Easterly side 
 of ye Eiver 
 
 Jno Clement six" acres neer hony ball mill." 
 Upon the reading of the report of the committee, the proprietors 
 " Voted yt ye several parcells of land petitioned for or desired by ye 
 severall persons, according To ye return of ye sd committee Bee hereby 
 granted To them on This Condition yt They rest satisfied & Contented wth 
 ye division of ye Comon land according to ye proprietors order, & yt for 
 ye future They appeare In all Town meetings, unless hindered by extra- 
 ordinary Casualty & doe oppose By voate, & argument, all such persons & 
 
 ° The Pond here referred to, was probably that now known as "Captain's Pond," in Salem, N .H. 
 
270 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 voates as any way disturbe or tinder ye proprietors in Their peaceable In- 
 joyments of Their lands divided or undivided & yt They Indeavor To 
 hinder any farther process in law about ye same, & farther peace & unitie 
 againe as far as may be, & yt They Assighn Artickles agreeable To This 
 voate betwixt Themselves & The Comitte which shall be appointed for ye 
 purpose, before ye said land Bee laid out To them, And yt ye particular 
 persons To whome ye land is granted shall pay ye Comitte yt have been 
 allready Impowered about having ye proposalls of severall persons 
 for land To be Given them, & alsoe what farther charge ye Comitte may 
 be att about ye same, for ye laying of itt out & for recording ye same. 
 This was voated & granted By a full voate." 
 
 A committee was then chosen to draw up the proposed articles, and, on 
 the persons alluded to signing them, the committee were to lay them out 
 the land requested. 
 
 This liberal concession on the part of the proprietors did not, however, 
 secure a complete settlement of the difficulty, though it would seem, from 
 the silence of the records of the following year, that it had done so. But 
 no sooner did the proprietors fully decide to lay out the cow-common into 
 lots and appoint commissioners to lay out highways through it, than the 
 opposition broke out afresh. In the warrant for the annual meeting for 
 1725, (March 2d) we find the following, which plainly shows the deep- 
 seated hostility to the claims of the proprietors : — 
 
 " 2 And to see whether ye Town will chuse a Comitee to Draw Money 
 out of ye Town Treasury to seport one or more of ye Comoners to take a 
 method in law to recover their Eights from ye Incroachments of ye Com- 
 oners, That it may yet ly in Comon as by ye Cow Comon grant made in 
 March 1664-5." 
 
 " 3. And to Chuse a Comittee to prefer a petition to ye General Assem- 
 bly to acquaint yt Honorably House with ye Irregular method of our 
 Comoners in their last actions abought ye Cow Comon, and to see what ye 
 towne may think proper on yt acount & to doe it on ye Towns cost." 
 
 The two parties were now in open hostility, and on the day of the above 
 meeting, finding themselves in a minority, the " commoners " withdrew 
 and organized a separate meeting, and chose a separate set of town officers. 
 Captain Joshua Bay ley was moderator of the non-commoners ; and Captain 
 John White of the commoners. The former body chose Ensign Thomas 
 Whittier, John Sanders, and Anthony Colby, a committee under the second 
 article of the warrant ; and made the same persons, with the selectmen,'-'' 
 a committee under the third article. 
 
 *> Captain Joshua Bayley, James Sanders, and Christopher Bartktt. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERniLL. 271 
 
 The next meeting of the non-commoners was held April 8th, the war- 
 rant for which is signed by Benjamin Stevens, "one of his majesties 
 justices of ye county of Essex," in answer to a petition to him " signed 
 by more than fifty hands." 
 
 The business to be done, was, " To see whether the Town will Impower 
 ye Select men of Haverhill, or chuse a Comittee to prosecut on ye towns 
 Cost to final Issue any of ye faction that are Indevoring to disturb & Dis- 
 quiet ye Town Clark in his peacable Improvement of ye town Books." 
 " =•■■' '•■' ='■ " and to prosecut any person yt by Color of their Election 
 in yt meeting where Capt White pretended to be moderator yt shall pre- 
 sume to act as such ofiicer." 
 
 UjDon the first article of the warrant, Captain Joshua Bayley, James 
 Sanders, Thomas Haines, Daniel Bodwell, and Christopher Bartlett, were 
 chosen a Committee to prosecute " any of yt faction," &c. 
 
 It was then declared, by a unanimous vote, that the ofiicers chosen at 
 the previous meeting, and who were called by name, should be supported 
 through any difiiculty that might arise in executing their respective duties ; 
 that " ye small party where Capt AYhite pretended to be a moderator on 
 March 2, 1724-5, was not according to the town's will, nor according to 
 ye consent & former practice of our Town;" that "the Town doe Declare 
 against Mr Eichard Hazzen Jr his being town Clerk ;" and that the select- 
 men should prosecute, to final issue any person or persons that by color of 
 his Election in the meeting aforesaid," should presume to act as such 
 ofiicer. The meeting then adjourned for two weeks, at which time "some 
 discourse passed," but no vote was taken. They met twice afterward, but 
 adjourned on both occasions without doing any business; — the last meeting 
 being held June 21st, and after the following warrant had been issued. =••= 
 
 The non-propyetors having appealed to the General Court, that body 
 passed the following resolve, or order, June 4, 1725 : — 
 
 " Whereas at the anniversary of the town-meeting in the town of Hav- 
 erhill, in March last, there happened to be two contending parties who 
 assembled at the meeting-house, and did there and then choose two sets of 
 town-oflicers, whereby great difficulties arose in the said town, and consid- 
 erable expense occasioned in the law ; and it is feared that no good gov- 
 ernment can be supported unless some speedy care be taken to prevent 
 these disorders. Eor preventing whereof, and to put an end to said strife, 
 it is ordered by this General Court, that Joshua Swan and Nathaniel 
 Peasley, Constables for the town in 1724, be, and are hereby required to 
 
 ® We do not learn that the commoners held any meetings during this tin^, and presume that they 
 did not. 
 
272 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 warn tlie freetolders and otlier inhabitants to assemble at tbe meeting- 
 house in Haverhill, on the ninth of June, at ten o'clock, A. M., and then 
 and there to choose all the town-officers which the law requires to be 
 chosen in the month of March annually ; and that Eichard Kent, Esq."' 
 be desired to be present at the said meeting ; and he is empowered to mod- 
 erate the affairs, and no other person be allowed to vote but such as are 
 lawfully qualified ; and that the proceedings of both parties at the afore- 
 said meeting of March 2d are declared null and void, and the charge to 
 be borne as this Court shall order." 
 
 A meeting was accordingly held on the ninth of June; and Eichard Kent, 
 Esq., presided. The opening of the meeting was followed by some discus- 
 sion concerning the town's aifairs, but no vote was taken. The meeting was 
 adjourned till the afternoon, when the Moderator ordered the votes to be 
 brought in for a town Clerk. But few, however, were cast, and no Clerk 
 was declared to be chosen, and the meeting was adjourned by the Moderator 
 to the 23d of June. 
 
 The attention of the General Court being again called to the matter, that 
 body, (June 15, 1725,) 
 
 " Besolved, That Whereas by special order of this Court, the town of 
 Haverhill was assembled on the 9tli inst. for the choice of town officers, 
 and no other than a Town Clerk was then chosen, although he was not 
 declared by the moderator, & said meeting having been adjourned notwith- 
 standing the other town officers were to be chosen the same day : 
 
 *' Resolved, That John Eaton be and is hereby declared Town Clerk for 
 Haverhill, according to the choice made the ninth of June, as aforesaid, 
 and that the freeholders (&c) assemble at the meeting house in Haverhill 
 June 23, according to the adjournment, and that they then and there 
 choose all other town officers, and that Eichard Kent Esqr, hereby declared 
 moderator of the meeting, be directed to administer the oath by law ap- 
 pointed to John Eaton and the other officers to be chosen, any law usage or 
 custom to the contrary notwithstanding." 
 
 This prompt and energetic action of the Legislature, supported, as it 
 must have been, by the sober second thought of the contending parties, had 
 the desired eifect. The town met according to adjournment, and completed 
 the election of their officers. 
 
 From this time forward, we find in the records no allusions whatever to 
 these contentions. The meetings of the " Town," and those of the "Pro- 
 prietors of the common and undivided lands in the Town," were held 
 separately, and the records kept in separate books. The officers were also 
 
 ^ Of Newbury. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVErx,HILL. 273 
 
 cliosen separately, thouglx the same persons not unfrequently lield office in 
 both oi-ganizations at one and the same time. ■ The proprietors continued 
 to hold their meetings ; to give, sell, and exchange the undivided lands ; for 
 nearly forty years afterward, — giving and selling to, and exchanging 
 with, "commoners" and "non-commoners," — but we find no hint in 
 either record or paper, of either party, as to the further settlement of 
 the difficulty between them. The most reasonable solution we can give 
 of the problem is this ; — that the right of the proprietors to the lands 
 claimed by them was too manifest, and too well supported by reason and 
 authority, to afford any inducements to the non-proprietors to continue the 
 contest. 
 
 Thus was brought to a close the long, and at times, bitter contention, 
 about the common and undivided lands in the town. The right of the 
 "proprietors" was fully acknowledged, and though, after j^ortions of 
 the town had been set off to other towns, and particularly after the line 
 between Massachusetts and New Hampshire was run, the right of the pro- 
 prietors to continue to dispose of such lands in those portions of the 
 original township was questioned, yet in all cases where the matter came 
 before the courts, (and they were not a few) the claim of the proprietors 
 was fully sustained. And we find that, as late as 1745 to 1750, such 
 lands were frequently petitioned for, by residents in the several towns, 
 and were disposed of by the " Haverhill Proprietors." 
 
 In the spring of 1724, Stephen Barker, and others, of the western part 
 of the town, petitioned the General Court for a new town, to be formed 
 by setting off that portion of Haverhill above Hawke's Meadow Brook. 
 Captain John ^Vhite was appointed Agent of this town to oppose the petition. 
 
 In November of the following year," the inhabitants of that section 
 petitioned the town for a school in their neighborhood, — which was grant- 
 ed." They were also " allowed ten pounds to pay a minister to preach there," 
 if they got one that year. These grants did not, however, induce them to 
 consent to remain as a part of Haverhill, and shortly after (December 8, 
 1725) the General Court gave them an act of incorporation, under the name 
 of Methuen.f 
 
 * A Mr. Heath was the Schoolmaster. 
 
 t The first church in Methuen was formed October 29, 1729, and Rev. Christopher Sargeant was ordained 
 as its pastor, Novembers, the same year. The next January, tlie society petitioned the "proprietors of 
 the common and undivided lands in Haverhill, and that part of Methuen formerly contained within ye 
 ancient bounds of Haverhill," for a parcel of land for a parsonage. The proprietors not only gave them 
 the land, but also donated a piece to their minister. 
 
 In May, 1737, the inhabitants of the " second parish in Methuen, being about to build a meeting house," 
 also petitioned the proprietors of Haverhill for land. The proprietors voted to give them fifty acres, and 
 also voted fifty acres to their "first ordained minister." These lauds were all ia Methuen. 
 
 35 
 
274 
 
 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 In June, 1725, Benjamin Stevens and others, petitioned the Greneral 
 Court for a township of land at " Pennycook," (now Concord, N. H.,) 
 which was granted them, and on the 2d of February, 1726, a Committee of 
 the General Court met at the tavern of Ebenezer Eastman (one of the 
 petitioners) in Haverhill, for the purpose of admitting settlers. After much 
 careful inquiry and examination, the requisite number — one hundred — 
 were admitted. Among them were thirty-six Haverhill men." 
 
 ="'=Obadiah Ayer, 
 '•'Samuel Ayer, 
 '••'John Ayer, 
 ^■'Capt Joshua Bailey, 
 Nathaniel Clement, 
 Benjamin Carleton, 
 Nehcmiah Carleton, 
 Christopher Carleton, 
 Edward Clark, 
 Ephralm Davis, 
 '•■'Joseph Davis, 
 '•'Samuel Davis, 
 
 Stephen Emerson, 
 Nehemiah Heath, 
 '•■'Moses Hazzen, 
 '■Kichard Hazzen, Jr., 
 Timothy Johnson, 
 John Merrill, 
 Nathaniel Page, 
 Thomas Page, 
 Joseph Page, 
 '-•'Nathaniel Peaslee, 
 "Eobert Peaslee, 
 John Pecker, 
 James Pecker, 
 
 Jeremiah Pecker, 
 John Sanders, 
 John Sanders, Jr., 
 Jonathan Sanders, 
 '•■'Nathaniel Sanders, 
 Nicolas "White, 
 "William White, 
 John "White, 
 William Whittier, 
 Jacob Shute, 
 
 Total, thirty-six. 
 
 Capt Ebenezer Eastman, 
 
 Ohadlah Ayer, (born May 9, 1689) was the son of Samuel, (who was 
 killed by the Indians in the attack on Haverhill, August 29, 1708) and 
 a descendant of John Ayer, one of the early settlers of Haverhill. 
 Obadiah was a graduate of Harvard College (1710) ; studied for the min- 
 istry ; a man of talents and influence, but subject occasionally to aberra- 
 tions of mind, at which times he is said to have had lodgings in Boston 
 provided for him by his particular friend, John Hancock. AVe do not 
 learn that he ever married. He kept the Grammar School in Haverhill 
 six months of the year he was graduated, (for which he received fifteen 
 pounds,) and also the next year, and probably for several years after, as 
 we find his name mentioned again in 1713. It does not appear that he 
 finally settled in Concord. 
 
 John Ayer (born April 7, 1705,) was a brother of Obadiah. He mar- 
 ried Mary Johnson, of Haverhill. Their children, born in Haverhill, 
 were — Abigail, who died unmarried ; Timothy, who married Elizabeth 
 White, and lived in Bradford, "\"ermont ; and John, who lived in Bradford, 
 Mass., John was doubtless at Concord in the earliest period of its settle- 
 ment, but did not finally settle there. 
 
 <> Those designated by a " ■were proprietors, but did not settle at Concord. 
 
HISTORY OP IIAYERIIILL. 275 
 
 Samuel Ayer, son of James, (a brother of Obadiali and Jolin) was born 
 and lived in Haverhill. He married Ann Hazzen. Their children, (all 
 born in Haverhill) were — Mary, born December 23, 1738, married Sam- 
 uel Morrison, of Sanbornton, N. H. ; Anna, born September 22, 1740, 
 married Deacon John Kimball of Concord ; Samuel, born November 29, 
 1742, married Sarah Chase, of Haverhill ; Elizabeth (1) and Elizabeth (2) 
 died young; Elizabeth (3) born June 22, 1748, married Jacob Ela, of 
 Haverhill ; Hannah, born August 25, 1751, manied John Bradley, of Con- 
 cord ; Euth, born December 4, 1753, married Dr. Peter Green, of Concord ; 
 Lydia, born December, 1755, died young; Eichard, born May 12, 1757, 
 married Susanna Sargeant ; James, born January 1, 1761, married Mary, 
 daughter of Dr. James Brickett, of Haverhill. 
 
 (Eichard, son of Samuel, appears to have been the first permanent set- 
 tler of the name in Concord. He married Susanna Sargeant, of Methuen, 
 by whom he had eleven children, all born in Concord.) 
 
 Captain Joshua Bailey, born October 30, 1685, was probably a descend- 
 ant of John Bailey, — who settled in Xewbury, 1650,'-' — and was for 
 many years one of the principal men of Haverhill. He was moderator, 
 and one of the selectmen, from 1724, to 1734, and subsequently modera- 
 tor for several years. He was probably a physician, as we find a " Dr. 
 Bayley " mentioned in 1718 ; and again in 1722, " Dr. Bailey " went to 
 Boston for soldiers. He married Elizabeth Johnson, about 1715. Chil- 
 dren, — Ann, born March 6, 1715-16, died May 26, 1716; Mary, born 
 June 13, 1717, died November 18, 1718; Sarah, born February 22, 
 1718-19 ; Elizabeth, born November 3, 1721, died May 5, 1736 ; Mary, 
 born February 23, 1723, died May 11, 1736 ; Anna, born March 4, 1725, 
 died January, 1750; Abigail, born January 10, 1729-30. 
 
 "Joshua Bayley the husband d Feb 7, 1752. Elizabeth Bayley the 
 wife d Oct 21, 1773." 
 
 Nathaniel Clement (son of John, and Elizabeth Ayres) was born in 
 Haverhill, June, 1689. He married Sarah Merrill, about 1714. Chil- 
 dren, — Abiah, born May 27, 1715 ; Elizabeth, born March 6, 1716-17 ; 
 Nathaniel, born October 16, 1719 ; Sarah, born March 2, 1721 ; Jeremiah, 
 born June 15, 1724; Samuel, born April 8, 1726; David, born May 23, 
 1728 ; John, born July 1, 1730 ; David, born November 8, 1734. Sarah, 
 the wife, died July 10, 1748. 
 
 Edward Clark, born March 29, 1694, was a son of Hanniel, and mar- 
 ried Sarah Stevens about 1715. They had seven children. 
 
 Of Benjamin, Nehemiah, and Christopher Carleton, we find no record. 
 
 o See Coffin, p. 294. 
 
276 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 Mphraim Davis, "born Marcli 20, 1G97, was a son of Eptraim, and a 
 descendant of Thomas, of Marlborough, England. There is no record of the 
 family of Ephraim ; but he had three sons, Samuel, Benjamin, and Eobert, 
 and two daughters whose names are believed to have been Deborah and 
 Judith. Samuel and Benjamin were soldiers in the French war. 'One of 
 them was drowned, and the other died soon after his return. The elder 
 daughter married Colonel Moses Baker, of Campton, N. H., and the 
 younger a Mr. Morrison, who lived at or near Sanbornton Bridge, N. H. 
 
 Joseph, and Samuel Davis, were probably brothers, and sons of Samuel, 
 of Haverhill. They did not settle at Concord. 
 
 Captain Ehenezer Eastman, of whom we have already given an account, 
 was a son of Phillip, and grandson of Eoger, who settled in Salisbury, 1G4Q. 
 (We think Bouton, wht) doubtless followed Mirick, is mistaken in giving 
 the date of Eastman's birth as 1689. Our town records say 1G81 ; and as 
 he had a sister (Abigail) born May 28, 1689, we incline to the opinion 
 that Ebenezer was not born in that year.) Six of his sons also settled in 
 Concord. His children were — Ebenezer, born September 5, 1711 ; Phillip, 
 born November 13, 1713, married Abiah Bradley; Joseph, born June IQ, 
 1715, married Abigail Mellen ; Nathaniel, born March 16, 1717 ; Jeremiah, 
 born August 25, 1719, married Dorothy Carter; Obadiah, born December 
 11, 1721; Euth, bom January 17, 1729, married Dr. Ezra Carter, (2d), 
 married Fowler of Boscowen, N. H. ; Moses, born February 28, 1732^ 
 married Elizabeth Kimball. 
 
 Stephen Emerson, son of Stephen and Elizabeth (Duston) was bom in 
 Haverhill February 23, 1700-1. 
 
 Nchemiah Heath, born May 11, 1680, was a son of John Heath of 
 Haverhill. 
 
 Moses, and Richard Hazzen, Jr., were sons of Lieutenant Eichard, of 
 Haverhill. They did not settle in Concord. Eichard, Jr., married Sarah 
 Clement of this town, October 22, 1719, by whom he had eight children. 
 
 Timothy Johnson, was probably from Haverhill, and a son of John 
 Johnson and Elizabeth Maverick (though Farmer reckons him as from 
 Andover, and son of Timothy of that town). He was bom June 31, 1672, 
 and was the last of the seven children of his mother. His father married 
 for a second wife widow Sarah Gills, 1674, who died July 1676, (a few 
 days after giving birth to Mary and Eebecca, twins) ; and third, widow 
 Katharine Mavericke, 1680, by whom he had John Maverick, died 1689. 
 
 John Merrill, (Deacon) was from the "West Parish, and a descendant of 
 Nathaniel. He married Lydia Haynes. His children (the three oldest 
 bom in Haverhill) were — Moses, married Dorcas Abbot, settled in 
 
HISTORY OF HATERHILL. 277 
 
 Pembroke ; Thomas, married PhcLc Abbot, settled in Conway, married (2d,) 
 widow Johnson, married (3d,) widow Ambrose, married (4th,) widow 
 Cummings ; John, married Rebecca Abbot, settled in Pembroke, in conti- 
 nental service 1776; Hannah, died young; Jonathan, born February 10, 
 1733, married Mary Farnum, settled iti Hill; Hannah, born February 10, 
 1735, married R. Eastman, married (2d,) I. Odell Conway; Nathaniel, 
 born November 4, 1738, married Ann AYalker, settled in Brownfield, Me. ; 
 Sarah, born April 24, 1741, married Daniel Chandler; Ann, born December 
 20, 1743, married Benjainin Farnum of Concord, N. H. ; Abigail, born 
 December 9, 1746, married Tappan Evans of Warren, N. H, ; Lydia, 
 married Amos Foster of Pembroke, N. H. 
 
 Nathaniel Page, born February 15, 1700-1, was a son of John, Jr., and 
 grand-son of Cornelius, the father of Thomas and Joseph. 
 
 Thomas and Joseph Page, were sons of Cornelius, of Haverhill. Thomas 
 was born February 24, 1693-4; and Joseph, September 12, 1689. 
 
 Nathaniel and Rohert Peaslee, were sons of Joseph, son of Joseph, of 
 Haverhill. They did not settle in Concord. Nathaniel was born June 
 25, 16S2, and was, for many years, one of the leading men of the town. 
 He was Picpresentative in 1737, 39 to 42, 1746 to 49, and 1752, 53. In 
 1739, he was one of the committee of the General Court on the boundary 
 line between Massachusetts and New Hampshire. For many years, he 
 served the town as moderator, and as one of the selectmen. Robert was 
 born February 3d, 1677. 
 
 Johii and James Pecker, were sons of James and Ann (Davis) . John 
 was born December 15, 1687 ; and James, November 15, 1684. Of Jere- 
 miah, we can find no record. 
 
 John Sa}iders, horn June 6, 1672, was a son of James and Sarah (Page). 
 He died September 8, 1737. John, Jr., born August 25, 1696, was a son 
 of the above. He married Lydia Duston, and had fourteen children, 
 seven of whom died young. 
 
 Jonathan Sanders, born February 23, 1711-12, was a son of Avery and 
 Abigail (Green) Sanders. 
 
 Nathanid Sanders, son of James and Hannah (Tewksbury), married 
 1st, Mary Bixby, 2d, Anna Kelley, by each of whom he had one child. 
 
 Nicholas, John, and William White, were brothers, and sons of John, 
 and Lydia (Gilman). Nicholas was born December 4, 1698, married 
 Hannah Ayer, of Haverhill, 1722, and died in 1782. They had five 
 children. "William was born January 18, 1693-4, and died in 1733. 
 John was born September 8, 1707, and died May 10, 1745, 
 
278 HISTOKY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 William Whittier, son of John, and Mary (Hoit), was bom 00101361 
 28, 1688, and married Eachell Mitchell. They had three children. 
 
 Jacob Shute was the son of a French Protestant, or Huguenot, who fled 
 from Paris, on the revocation of the edict of Nantes, and took refuge in 
 Ireland. Jacob, when about seventeen years of age, disliking the trade to 
 which he was apprenticed, ran away, in company with one Dawen, and took 
 secret passage in the hold of a ship for this country. They remained con- 
 cealed until driven out by hunger. On arriving at Newburyport, and 
 having nothing to pay their passage, they were sold — (their service) — 
 for a time, to pay it. They were both bought by Captain Ebenezer 
 Eastman, of Haverhill, and served him till twenty-one years of age. Shute 
 settled at Penacook. He married Sarah George, of Haverhill, and had a 
 daughter, Sarah, born here, and John and Elizabeth, born at Penacook. 
 His wife died January, 1745. He married a second wife, (a widow Evans) 
 by whom he had two daughters, both of whom died young. Mr. Shute 
 died February 16, 1794, aged ninety-four. 
 
 The first party of the proprietors of the new township, left Haverhill 
 early in the morning of May 12th, and arrived at Penacook about five, 
 P. M., May 13th, and the next day commenced the survey of the town- 
 ship. The following September, a committee of the settlers was chosen 
 "to go out and clear a sufficient cart way to Penny Cook, the nighest and 
 best way they can from Haverhill." According to tradition, Ebenezer 
 Eastman's team — six yoke of oxen, with a cart — was the Jirst that 
 crossed the wilderness from Haverhill to Penacook. It was driven 
 by Jacob Shute, who, in order to get safely down Sugar Ball bank,'' felled 
 a pine tree and chained it, top foremost, to his cart to stay the motion of 
 it down the precipice. 
 
 Samuel Ayer is supposed to have been the first person who ploughed 
 land at Penacook. The first family that settled in the plantation, was 
 that of Ebenezer Eastman. The mill-crank for the first grist-mill was car- 
 ried upon a horse from this town.'-- 
 
 At a meeting held on the day of the annual March meeting this year, 
 (1726) — but after the latter had closed — Captain Joshua Bayley was 
 chosen a committee in behalf of the town, to join with any persons chosen 
 by neighboring towns, "to use all proper means to get the County of 
 Essex divided." The reason given for this action, was,' — that the shire 
 
 ^ For many of the above facts relating to tlie pioneer settlers of Concord, we are indebted to the excel- 
 lent History of Concord, JV. B., by Key. Mr. Bouton. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 279 
 
 town was so far distant. "VYe do not learn that anything further was done 
 at this time in regard to the division, cither "by this or the neighhoring 
 towns. =•' 
 
 One of those small matters frequently met with in the records, and 
 which throw a gleam of light upon the manners and customs of " Auld 
 Lang Syne," is found in the entry that one Mary Pearsons was warned 
 out of town by the constable, upon the order of the selectmen, " she hav- 
 ing nothing to live upon." In those days, towns were very careful that 
 no persons obtained a settlement among them who would ever be likely to 
 become a public charge, and all such persons were promptly notified by 
 the authorities that the town did not consent to their remaining in it. 
 From 172-1: to 1770, thirty persons were thus ordered out of town. In 
 later years, it became customary to serve such a notice upon nearly every 
 person who came into the town to reside, and such a practice prevailed 
 within the memory of many persons still living. 
 
 At the March meeting for 1726, ten persons living in the east part of 
 the town petitioned for permission to assemble for worship at the Amesbury 
 meeting house.f The request was granted. Four years later, twelve 
 persons^ in that vicinity petitioned the town to allow them to pay their 
 "minister's rate" in Amesbury, instead of Haverhill, — which was also 
 agreed to. 
 
 The steady increase in the population of the town, brought with it a 
 proportionate increase in the labors and cares of .the minister, and also in 
 his expenses ; and this year Eev. Mr. Brown applied to the town for an 
 addition to his salary. In full confidence in each others liberality and 
 sense of justice, they voted him four contributions a year in addition to his 
 present pay ! As often happens to others, as well as ministers, no sooner 
 is one desire satisfied than another takes it place, and we need not there- 
 fore be surprised that this liberal increase of salary should suggest to Eev. 
 Mr. Brown the propriety of having his house improved in a corresponding 
 ratio. Accordingly we find him asking the town to " double floor" one of 
 the rooms, as it was " very cold in the winter," and to " ceil overhead" 
 another, and, with many expressions of confidence and esteem, he leaves 
 
 ""■ In 1693, several towns in Essex County petitioned the General Court for a division of the County. 
 The House passed an Act for that purpose, but it failed to meet the approval of the Governor and Council. 
 In 1736 a similar proposition was again made, but without success ; and several times since then the subject 
 has been agitated in the Merrimack towns. 
 
 t Abner Chase, Samuel Sargent, John Sanders, Jr., John Snow, John Sanders, James Sanders, Robert 
 Hunkins, William Davis, John Lovell, Green Whittier. 
 
 X John Sanders, James Sanders, Robert Hunkins, John Sanders, Jr., Abner Chase, Green Whittier, 
 James Bradbury, John Sweet, Joseph Kelley, Anthony Colby, William Bley, Robert Hastings. 
 
280 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 entirely to them tte consideration of such other improvements as might 
 seem to tliem necessary. That his confidence was not misplaced, is shown 
 in the fact that the town not only fixed the two rooms requested, but 
 ** re-payered the Great Eoom ! " 
 
 At a meeting held in May (1726) the town voted to raise one-fifth of 
 their " Bank Money" and pay it into the Province treasury immediately." 
 
 The year 1827 occupies a somewhat prominent place in the history of 
 this town and vicinity, on account of " a mighty tempest of wind and rain, " 
 and " a most terrible, sudden, and amazing earthquake" which occurred in 
 the fall of that year. 
 
 The first occurred on Saturday and Sunday, September IG and 17, and 
 destroyed a large amount of property. As a specimen of the damage done, 
 may be cited the fact that " near two hundred load of hay" was swept 
 away from the marshes of Newbury, f 
 
 The earthquake, or rather earthquakes, commenced on Sunday evening, 
 the 29th of October. Eev. Mr. Plant, of Newburyport, thus describes it: 
 
 " October 29th 1727. Being the Lord's day at forty minutes past ten 
 the same evening, there was a most terrible, sudden and amazing earth- 
 quake, which did damage to the gi'eatest part of the neighborhood, shook 
 and threw down tops of chimneys and in many places the earth opened a 
 foot or more. It continued very terrible by frequently bursting and 
 shocking our houses and lasted all that week (the first being the loudest 
 shock, and eight more that immediately followed, louder than the rest that 
 followed) sometimes breaking with six times or oftener in a day and as 
 often in the night until Thursday in the said week and then somewhat 
 abated. Upon Friday in the evening and about night, and about break of 
 day and on Saturday there were three very loud claps. We also had it on 
 Saturday, the Sabbath, and on Monday morning about ten, tho' much 
 abated in the noise and terror. Upon the Tuesday following, November 
 seventh, about eleven o'clock a very loud clap upon every day or night more 
 
 ■-'■ In 1690, the General Court of Massachusetts issued bills of credit, ■svliich were the first "paper money" 
 made in the country. A similar emission was made in 1702. In 1721 it issued £.30,000, which was divided 
 among the several towns according to population, Ac, and was to be returned whenever the General Court 
 BhouW so order. The proportion received by this town, was loaned to various private individuals, they 
 giving their notes for the same, and paying five per cent, annual interest for the use of it. It was this 
 "Bank money" that was thus voted to be called in and paid back to the Province Treasury. 
 
 In 1728, another emission of £50,000 was made ; and a similar issue has been ordered several times 
 since. The object of these issues, or " loans," was to extricate the Province from debt, by creating a 
 temporary substitute for hard money, and thus allow it time to recover from its pecuniary embarrassment. 
 
 Paper money was first made by Massachusetts in 1690; by Connecticut, 1709; Pennsylvania, 1723; 
 Maryland, 17-10 ; Rhode Island, 1744 ; and in 17D9 almost evei7 province issued paper currency. It was 
 first issued by Congress in 1775. 
 
 t Coffin. 
 
HISTORY OF HAYERHILL. 281 
 
 or less three, four, six times each day or night and upon the twelfth being 
 the Lord's day twice from betwixt three to half past four, in all which 
 space of time some claps were loud, others seemingly at a distance and 
 much abated. Upon Monday two hours before day a loud burst and at half 
 past two in the afternoon another burst was heard somewhat loud. On the 
 nineteenth about ten at night a very loud shock and another about break 
 of day, somewhat here abated, but at Haverhill a very loud burst, making 
 their houses rock, as that over night did with us. It was the Lord's day in 
 the evening. It hath been heard twice since much abated. The very first 
 shock opened a new spring by my father Samuel Bartlet's house in the 
 meadow and threw up in the lower grounds in Newbury several loads of 
 white sand. After that some loud claps, shocking our houses. On 
 December seventeenth, about half an hour after ten being Lord's day at 
 evening a very loud burst, shocking our houses. Another about four the 
 next morning abated.-' 
 
 Stephen Jaques, of Newbury, thus describes its efi*ects in his vicinity : — 
 
 " On the twenty ninth day of October between ten and eleven it being 
 sabath day night there was a terabel earthquake. The like was never 
 known in this land. It came with a dreadful roreing, as if it was thun- 
 der, and then a pounce like grate guns two or three times close one after 
 another. It lasted about two minits. It shook down bricks from ye tops 
 of abundance of chimnies, some allmost all the heads. All that was about 
 ye houses trembled, beds shook, some cellar walls fell partly down. Stone 
 wals fell in a hundred plasis. =••- " '-^ '■•' The first night it broke 
 
 out in more than ten places in ye town in ye clay low land, blowing up ye 
 sand, sum more, sum less. In one place near Spring island it blew out 
 as it was judged twenty loads, and when it was cast on coals in ye night, 
 it burnt like brimstone." 
 
 Henry Sewall, of Xewbury, in a letter to Judge Sewall, of Boston, 
 says : — 
 
 " We were sitting by the fire and about half after ten at nightf our 
 house shook and trembled as if it would fall to peices. Being aflfrightcd 
 we ran out of doors, when we found the ground did tremble and we were 
 in great fear of being swallowed up alive, but God preserved us and did 
 not sulFer it to break out, till it got forty or fifty rods from the house, 
 where it broke the ground in the common near a place called Spring 
 
 ■'' We copy these interesting accounts from Coffin's History of Newbury. 
 
 t We must not infer from this that a majority of the people were sitting by the fire at that hour of 
 Sunday night. Indeed, Stephen Jaques declares that "most people gat up in a moment." This seems 
 conclusive. 
 
 36 
 
282 HISTORY OF nAVERHILL. 
 
 island, and tlicre is from sixteen to twenty loads of fine sand thrown out 
 where the ground broke, and several clays after the water boiled out like 
 a spring, but is now dry and the ground closed up again. "••■^ 
 
 Similar shocks, though less severe, were frequently felt during the 
 greater part of the following year. Between January 1st and May 22d, 
 (1728) over thirty are recorded. On the latter date, the church in this 
 town observed the day as a day of thanksgiving, " for the great mercies 
 of the winter past under the Earthquakes." 
 
 As we may readily suppose, the distance at which many families lived 
 from the central meeting-house, joined with the primitive roughness of 
 the roads, and the meagre facilities for riding to church, made it well nigh 
 impossible for many to attend, especially in the winter ; and, in the fall 
 of 1727, the inhabitants of the northern and western parts of the town, 
 at their request, received permission to hold meetings at each of those 
 places during the following winter. The inhabitants of the north part of 
 the town had, a few months previously, petitioned the town to build a 
 meeting-house in that part of the town, but without success. Their next 
 move was for permission to have meetings, as above mentioned, and from 
 their petition to the town, the following spring, for money to pay their 
 minister, we learn that such meetings were held. 
 
 At the same time, twenty-four persons again petitioned the town to 
 build a meeting-house in that part of the town. Both of these requests 
 were refused. But the inhabitants of that section were now fully deter- 
 mined that their requests should no longer be so lightly treated, and at a 
 meeting held in June of the same year, (June 18, 1728,) they succeeded 
 in securing a vote that the northerly part of the town should be set off 
 into a distinct precinct, or parish. The conditions annexed, were, that 
 the inhabitants should determine within one month where their meeting- 
 house should be erected, and settle an orthodox minister as soon as possible. 
 
 -• In a conversation with Professor Agassiz we remarked, " If earthquakes and suhterranean fires have 
 elevated and depressed portions of this continent, why may they not again." He replied, "They may; 
 probably they will." 
 
 Mr. Coffin in his valuable History of Newbury, between 1727 and 1770, has recorded nearly two hundred 
 earthquake shocks on the Merrimae river ! That disturbed region has long been quiet, and probably will 
 remain so ; but who may know what changes the past centuries have experienced ! 
 
 All the great rivers on the Atlantic coast of the United States have a southerly or south-easterly direc. 
 tion. The Merrimae has such a direction for one hundred and forty miles, and is the only one which turns 
 in its course and runs north-east, and part of the way north-west. If the history of the buried ages could 
 be restored, it might be found that this river once discharged itself into Lynn harbor. From the Merrimae 
 at Lowell to the head waters of the Saugus is only sixteen miles ; while after its turning it finds its de- 
 Tious way more than forty miles to the sea at Newburyport ! Probably no portion of our land has under- 
 gone greater changes than the seacoast of Essex county, and none presents a more interesting field of 
 research. If we suppose one part to have been elevated, or another depressed, the peculiarity of this 
 river may be accounted for. The subject is worthy the attention of geologists. — Leviis. 
 
HISTOEY OF HAVERHILL. 283 
 
 It was formally erected into a Parish by the General Court, in the fol- 
 lowin"- August. The following were the bounds : — 
 
 " Beo'inning at the Westerly end of Brandy Brow, on Almsbury line, 
 from thence to the Northerly end of the hither North Meadow as it is 
 commonly called, thence to the fishing river and so down the fishing River 
 till it comes to the Bridge by Matthew Harriman's, then running Westerly 
 to the bridge over the brook by Nathl Marble's, and then a straight line 
 Northwest one quarter of a point North, to the bounds of Haverhill, tak- 
 ing all the land within the town of Haverhill north of said line." 
 
 Their meeting-house was partly finished this year. The parish then 
 included a part of Hampstead, Plaistow, and Atkinson. 
 
 Complaint being made that there were ''too many taverns" in town it 
 was decided (June 18, 1728,) that two taverns were " sufficient for the 
 town's benefit ; and Lieutenant Ebenezer Eastman and John Swett were 
 appointed to keep them. Eastman kept in the village, and Swett at 
 Holt's Eocks. 
 
 That this was not the first time that good citizens thought and said 
 there were too many taverns in town, may be seen from the following let- 
 ter, which well deserves a place in a history of the town. It is copied 
 from the Court Files for 1696 : — 
 
 " Haverhill, December 26, 1696. 
 Much Hond. Gentlemen : 
 
 I allways thought it great prudence and Christianity in our former 
 leaders and. rulers, by their laws to state the numbers for publique houses 
 in towns, and for regulation of such houses, as were of necessity, thereby 
 to prevent all sorts, almost, of wickedness, which daily grow in upon us 
 like a flood. But alas, I see not but that now, the care is over, and such 
 (as to some places I may term them,) pest houses and places of enticement, 
 (the not so intended by the justices) to sin are multiplied. It is multiplied 
 too openly, that the cause of it may be, the price of retailers fees &c. I 
 pray what need of six retailers in Salisbury, and of more than one in 
 Haverhill, and some other towns, where the people when taxes and rates 
 for the country and ministers are collecting, with open mouth complain of 
 povertie and being hardly dealt with, and yet I am fully informed, can 
 spend much time, and spend their estate at such blind holes, as are clan- 
 destinely and unjustly petitioned for, and more threaten to get licences, 
 chiefly by repairing to a remote court, where they are not known or 
 suspected, but pass for current, and thereby the towns are abused, and the 
 youth get evil habits, and men sent out on country service, at such j^laces 
 
284 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 waste mucli of their time, yet expect pay for it, in most pernicious loytering 
 and what, and sometimes by foolish if not pot-valliant firing and shooting 
 off guns, not for the destruction of enemies, but to the wonderful distur- 
 bance and affrightmeut of the inhabitants, which is not the service a scout 
 is allowed and maintained for. Please to see, if possible, what good is done 
 by giving license to Eobert Hastings in such a by-place, about three miles 
 from the publique house in town. The man himself I am sure has no 
 cause, nor do I believe the town or travellers if they are sober men, will 
 ever give the court thanks for the first grant to him, or the farther renewal 
 thereof. But now the brovado is made, what is done is not enough, we 
 must have a third tippling house at Peter Patey's about mid-way between 
 the other two, which they boast as cocksure of, and have it is thought laid 
 in, for this very end, an unaccountable store of cyder, rum, molasses and 
 what not. It is well if this stock be not now spent on, in procure subscrip- 
 tions for to obtain the villian's licence, which I fear knowing the man, we 
 may be bold to say, wickedness will be practised and without control, and 
 we must be quiet, or hated because of licences for something which they 
 will enlarge to any and everything which is not, &c. '••= * " '•••' '••' '■-' 
 
 It would be good, if the law or rule of court made, were duly practised 
 as to gTanting and renewing of licences, that none be meddled with but at 
 the court to which the grand jurors do repair, belonging to the town where 
 the man lives who petitions for license, so that the court may see what 
 complaints are entered by bill, or better inquiries may be made. But now 
 many that would speak if they had knowledge of the motion before the 
 grant was made, cannot. I have done my part in court, as to what I heard 
 of, to prevent such confiding licences to persons unknown. We need but 
 one place to be granted for strangers, or else it were more than enough. 
 As for the two last mentioned, none that knew the men or the places, or 
 the business, of necessity there let be done, can judge them to conduce to 
 good or accommodation of civilized men. " '■' ■■■' '••' =■■' " '■•' =■■' =•■•• 
 
 I am now Grod's prisoner, and can't come abroad. I have waited long 
 to speak of those and other but as yet can't meet with an opportunity. 
 You have nothing here of personal animosity of mine against any man, but 
 zeal and faithfulness to my country and town, and to the young and rising 
 generation that they be not too much at libertie to live and do as they list. 
 I pray accept of the good intentions of, gentlemen, your humble servant, 
 
 N. Saltonstall. 
 To the Justices in Quarter Session, sitting at Salem, December, 1696." 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 285 
 
 About this time, commenced tlie disputes and difficulties between the 
 inhabitants of Haverhill, and those of Londonderry, and other jilaces, in 
 regard to the rightful ownership of certain lands lying between them. 
 This " Border War" extended over a period of almost forty years; and, 
 as a connected history of its rise and progress has never yet been pub- 
 lished, it seems- proper that we should devote a chapter to its special 
 consideration, — which we now propose to do. 
 
286 HISTORY OF HAVEHHILL. 
 
 CHAPTEE XYIII. 
 
 THE BOUNDARY DIFFICULTIES OF 1720 TO 1759. 
 
 The first cliarter of the Massacliusetts Colony granted all "that part of 
 new England lying between three miles to the north of the Merrimack 
 and three miles to the south of the Charles Eiver, and of every part there- 
 of, in the Massachusetts Bay ; and in length between the described breadth, 
 from the Atlantic Ocean to the South Sea." 
 
 A considerable portion of the land embraced in this patent had been 
 previously granted by the same Council to Captain John Mason, and 
 others ; and the grounds upon which it was now re-sold do not appear. 
 But, whatever may have been the reasons, the interference of the patent 
 with those of a previous date, gave rise to perplexing embarrassments and 
 long controversies.'--' 
 
 Under this charter, the Massachusetts colonists claimed that their north- 
 ern boundary was three miles to the north of the northermost part of the 
 Merrimack, and, from that point to extend east and west from the Atlan- 
 tic to the South Sea. In order to ascertain this northermost point, a 
 commission was appointed in 1639 to explore the river, which resulted in 
 fixing upon a rock near the outlet of Winnipisiogee Lake,f as the most 
 northern part of the river, and a certain tree three miles to the northward 
 of the rock, as the point from which their line was to run due • east and 
 west. This construction, as may readily be seen by reference to a map of 
 New England, would give to Massachusetts the larger part of what is 
 now New Hampshire and Vermont, and a large slice of Maine. 
 
 Among the miscellaneous papers in the State Archives, is an old map, 
 or plan, without date, but evidently drawn for the purpose of showing 
 this claim of Massachusetts. The following is an engraving of this plan, 
 
 '' As late as 1759, (almost t^^-enty years after the line between Massachusetts and Ne-w Hampshire had 
 heen settled) the Haverhill Proprietors chose a committee "to join with New Salem Committee to settle 
 the title of that township with ye proprietors of John Tufton Mason's Right, & to go to Portsmouth and 
 settle ye affair." 
 
 t Which they marked, and -which has ever since been known, as EndicoWi Rock. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL 
 
 287 
 
 upon a reduced scale. The portion of land marked " Country Land," in- 
 cludes all that part of the present town of Methuen, which was not 
 originally a part of Haverhill. 
 
 P E MYrfCOOK 
 
 With this impression as to their colonial bounds, Massachusetts granted 
 the townships along the northern border of the Merrimac, and among the 
 rest, Haverhill. 
 
 But the Xew Hampshire grantees placed a different construction upon 
 the language of the charter, and claimed that the northern line could not 
 in any place extend more than three miles to the north of the middle of the 
 channel of the river. The territory, therefore, lying between these 
 extremes, became " disputed territory." Subsequently, (1677) at a hear- 
 ing before the King and Council, the agents for Massachusetts, by advice, 
 so far modified their claim as to disclaim all right of jurisdiction beyond 
 
288 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 the three miles north of the river according to its course f' and it was 
 determined that they had a right as far as the river extended. Massa- 
 chusetts, however, continued to retain jurisdiction over those parts of those 
 towns already granted, which were more than three miles north of the 
 Merrimac, — of which New Hampshire continued to complain. 
 
 If the first charter of Massachusetts had continued, it is not probable 
 that any different construction would ever have been started, and the 
 dispute between the two colonies would have remained confined to the 
 towns referred to. But the new charter of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, 
 (1692,) defined the northern bound as "extending from the great river 
 commonly called Monomack alias Merrimack on the north part and from 
 three miles northward of the said river to the atlantic or western sea," &c. 
 About the year 1720, New Hampshire began to claim that the line should 
 commence at the point three miles north of the mouth of the Merrimac, and 
 from thence run due west to the south sea. With the setting up of this 
 new claim commenced a series of disputes, contentions, and suits, that 
 lasted for nearly a third of a century, and at times nearly involved the 
 inhabitants of the disputed territory in civil war. 
 
 The theatre of the most violent and determined contests during these 
 troubles, was that part of Haverhill (as originally laid out) known as the 
 " Peke," or "corner," or " northerly angle " of the town. 
 
 As early as 1722, we find the inhabitants of Londonderry making 
 application to Ncat Hampshire for more room, and they seem to have had 
 a special desire for land in the vicinity of the " Peke of Haverhill. "f 
 The same year, a committee chosen by the General Court of Massachu- 
 setts to look after encroachments upon the lands to the north of Merrimack 
 Eiver, belonging to the towns of Salisbury, Almsbury, and Haverhill, re- 
 ported that "some Irish People" claimed the land "home to Merrimack 
 Eiver from Amoskeag falls," &c.f 
 
 In November, 1726, a petition was presented to the General Court from 
 Orlando Bayley, Jacob Eowell, and seventy others of Haverhill and Ames- 
 bury, in which they affirm that they have been prosecuted at law for land 
 they had held for sixty years, on pretence that it was in the town of 
 Kingston and Province of New Hampshire. "Writs for trespass had been 
 
 ' That is, their line should run parallel -with the river from its mouth to the "crotch" (Endicott's 
 Eock) and thence due north three miles, (to Endicott's Tree) and thence due west to the " South Sea." 
 t N. H. State Archives. 
 
 X As early as Decenihcr, 1720, the Commoners of Haverhill received information that "the Irish were 
 settling on some of the fourth division lots." — Vide Prop. Sec. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 289 
 
 served on these petitioners, on the ground that their land was " more than 
 three miles from Merrimack Eiver," and they were tried in New Hamp- 
 shire. 
 
 The General Court took measures to inform their agent at London in 
 regard to the complaint, and voted that the Governor should remonstrate 
 to the General Court of Xew Hampshire against such proceedings, and 
 solicit that all such might he stayed until the question of boundary was 
 fully settled. 
 
 That this did not have the desired effect, is fully shown from the fol- 
 lowing extract from the Council Eecords of Massachusetts, for February, 
 1728: — 
 
 " A petition of Eichard Hazen Junior, James Pecker, Ebenr Eastman, 
 & Nathl Peasleay, all of Haverhill, in the County of Essex, in behalf of 
 the Inhabitants of the said Town, setting forth that notwithstanding the 
 Ancient Grant of the sd Town the many confirmasions and settlements of 
 their Bounds by the Government, divers of the Inhabitants of London 
 Derry within the Province of New Hampshire have encroached upon the 
 Petitioners Lands mowed their meadows, cut down and destroyed their 
 Timber, and erected several Houses on their Lands and have prosecuted the 
 Inhabitants of Haverhill in the said Province of New Hampshire for im- 
 proving their own lands, and therefore Praying relief from this Board ; 
 Eead, and 
 
 Whereas it appears to this Board that the contentions between the Inhab- 
 itants of this Province and the Province of New Hampshire, bordering on 
 the dividing Line, are arisen to that height that there is great danger that 
 in their encroachments they will use violence on each other unless they are 
 speedily discountenanced by the respective Governments: for preventing 
 whereof 
 
 " Voted, that the Inhabitants of this Province bordering on the dividing 
 Line and claiming Lands there be directed not to make any new Settlement 
 on the said Lands or any improvements whatsoever thereon and to desist 
 from all prosecutions in the Law till the further order of this Government 
 or the settlement of the said Line, Provided the Government of New 
 Hampshire do give the like or some other effectual directions to the Inhab- 
 itants of that Province for the end aforesaid ; And that His Excellency be 
 desired to write to the Lieut Governor of the Province of New Hampshire 
 on this affair. "••^ 
 
 ■^ From the same reeorJs, of the same year, we learn that Nathaniel Peasley was twice allowed money 
 from the Province Treasury to defend himself against suits in New Hampshire, (ten pounds and thirty 
 pounds) ; and that John Wainwright and Eichard Saltonstall were also granted twenty pounds to prp- 
 Becute trespassers on Province Lands in Methuen. 
 
 37 
 
290 
 
 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 Accompanying Hazzen's petition was a plan, showing the portion of 
 Haverhill claimed hy Londonderry. The following is a reduced copy of 
 the plan : 
 
 From this plan, it will he seen, that the land in dispute between the 
 people of Haverhill and LondondeiTy, was principally confined to that part 
 of Haverhill known as the "fifth division" laud. The southern part of 
 it, however, included a part of the "fourth division" land. The fifth 
 division lots were laid out by the Haverhill Proprietors in January, 1721, 
 and it was the entrance of the gTautees upon, and their improvement of 
 these lauds, that led to the commencement of active contentions at this 
 particular period. 
 
 The bounds of Londonderry, as given in AMieelwright's deed, of 1719, 
 was as follows : — Down the ^lerrimack until it meets the line of Dunstable ; 
 thence eastward on Dunstable line, until it meets the line of Dracut; 
 thence eastward on the line of Dracut " until it meets the line of Haverhil ; 
 and extending northward upon HaverhiU line until it meet with the line of 
 Cheshire." From this we see, that, according to their own deed, the 
 claim of Londonderry was unwarrantable. The town of Haverhill had been 
 laid out fifty-two years, when the deed of Londonderry was given, and by 
 that deed they were bounded tipon Haverkill line. 
 
mSTORT OF HAVERHILL. 291 
 
 At a meeting of tlie Haverhill proprietors, held in January, 1729, a 
 Committee was chosen to prosecute, " to final issue," all trespassers on the 
 common lands ; and another to perambulate the west line of the town.-- 
 
 At a meeting of the Proprietors, held April 7, 1729, " Wm Mudgete did 
 remonstrate to the proprietors that he has lately been at great Cost & 
 Charges in defending his Title to certain Lands in the fifth division which 
 were & still are Claimed by the Irish & that the Matter is now in the Law 
 undecided." He therefore prayed that the proprietors would "reimburse 
 him what he has expended in Eemoving the said Irish out of his house." 
 In answer to his petition, a committee was chosen to examine his accounts, 
 and report. At a subsecj[uent meeting, Mudgett was allowed forty-four 
 pounds seventeen shillings and a sixpence, from the treasury of the 
 proprietors. 
 
 On the other side, we find, under date of August 27th of the same year, 
 a petition from the inhabitants of Londonderry, to the Governor and Council 
 of New Hampshire, in which they say that " Inasmuch as the Inhabitants 
 of the Towne of Haverhill do often disturb sundry of your petitioners in 
 their quiet possession of their lands granted to them by their charter, under 
 their pretentions of a title thereto," they pray for assistance, on account of 
 the " Law suits which are daily multiplied by them." 
 
 From the Eecords of the General Court of Massachusetts, for 1731, we 
 learn that, June 29, the House received 
 
 " A Petition of Xathan Webster and Pilchard Hazzen Junr, Agents for 
 the Proprietors of the Town ©f Haverhill, Setting forth their Ancient & 
 Legal right to the Lands they possess in said Town, as also the late En- 
 croachments of the Irish people settled in the Province of Xew Hampshire, 
 who have Cutt down and Canied away great Quantities of their Hay and 
 Timber, & other ways disturbed them in the improvements of their Lands, 
 Praying Belief from this Court." 
 
 Paul Dudley, from the committee chosen to look into the matter, re- 
 ported that, inasmuch as there was a hopeful prospect of a speedy settlement 
 of the Line, the Governor should be directed to issue a Proclamation, 
 directing the inhabitants of both provinces to forbear molesting each other 
 for the present year. 
 
 In this recommendation the House concurred, but the Council refused 
 to do so, and 
 
 "Voted, that inasmuch as there are Courts of Justice established by 
 Law before whom affairs of that nature are properly cognizable, the Peti- 
 tion be dismissed." 
 
 ® The fifth division lots were all bounded on the west by the west line of the town. 
 
292 
 
 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL 
 
 Shortly after, commissioners of the two provinces met at Newlbury, and 
 attempted to settle the troublesome dispute, but without success. Upon 
 this, the" Xew Hampshire commissioners appointed John Eindge, a mer- 
 chant of Portsmouth, as agent, to present a petition to the King.^-^ They 
 determined to treat no more with Massachusetts. ] 
 
 The following plan, or map, is a reduced copy of the one accompanying 
 the petition of Eindge to_the King and Council. 
 
 After many delays, a royal order was issued, referring the matter to a 
 board of commissioners. These commissioners " were all such as the New 
 Hampshire agent proposed, five councellors from each of the governments 
 of New York, Ehode-Island, & Nova Scotia, With the two former gov- 
 ernments, Massachusetts was then in controversy about lines. The latter, 
 it was said, was disafi'ected to charter governments. Connecticut, proposed 
 by Massachusetts, was rejected because of a bias from their trade, religion, 
 &c., which New Hampshire was afraid of."f 
 
 The time '.and place for the meeting of the commission, was August 
 10th, at Hampton. J The Assembly of New Hampshire met on the 4th of 
 
 o October 31, 1731, the House of Representatives of New Hampshire confirmed the appointment of 
 Rindge. 
 
 t Hutchinson. 
 
 t At a meeting held May 17, this town chose a Committee, consisting of Colonel Richard Saltonstall, 
 Mr. Richard Hazzen, and Deacon James Ayer, " to wait upon the Commissioners, and represent the aflfaira 
 and boundaries of the town to thtm, provided the proprietors of the undivided lands pay the expenses of 
 the said Committee." 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 293 
 
 August, and tlie Secretary, hy the Governor's order, prorogued it to the 
 10th, then to meet at Hampton Falls. The Assembly of Massachusetts 
 met at Boston, on the same day, and also adjourned to the 10th, then to 
 meet at Salisbury ; — thus the t^yo Assemblies met within five miles of 
 each other. On the 10th, a large cavalcade was formed at Boston, and the 
 Governor rode in state, escorted by a troop of horse. He was met at New- 
 bury Ferry by another troop, and at the supposed divisional line by three 
 more, who conducted him in all the pomp of power to the George tavern, 
 at Hampton Falls, where he held a council, and made a speech to the 
 Assembly of New Hampshire. =■' 
 
 After several weeks of angry discussion, the boundary of the eastern 
 line of New Hampshire (which had also been in dispute) was agreed upon, 
 but the southern was not, and by agreement was svibmitted to the King. 
 
 The main point on which this controversy turned, was entirely evaded 
 by the commissioners. That point was " whether the charter of William 
 and Mary granted to Massachusetts all the lands which were granted by 
 Charles the First? " If this question was decided in the affirmative, then 
 the claim of Massachusetts must be granted ; if not, then it must fall. 
 Making, therefore, an evasive decision, the commission left the parties to 
 pursue their contentions as best they could, by means of Agents, before 
 His Majesty's Council in England. The New Hampshire interest was 
 represented by John Tomlinson, who employed a Mr. Parris as solicitor — 
 a man of great shrewdness, penetration, and artful address. Massachu- 
 setts employed, as her agent, Mr. Edmund Quincy, who died in 1738, and 
 afterward the affair was in the hands of Wilks and Partridge — neither of 
 whom understood a tithe so much of the controversy as Tomlinson, nor 
 had the address of Parris. The latter drew up " a petition of appeal " to 
 the King, in which all the circumstances attending the transaction from the 
 beginning were recited and colored in such a manner as to asperse the gov- 
 ernor and assembly of the " vast, opulent, overgi-own province of Massa- 
 chusetts;" while "the poor, little, loyal, distressed province of New 
 
 '' The following "pasquinade " having heen adopted as a part of the history of these proceedings by so 
 many of our predecessors, we dare not risk omitting it in this place : — 
 Dear paddy, you never did behold such a sight, 
 As yesterday morning was seen before night. 
 You in all your born days saw, nor I did'nt neither, 
 So many fine horses and men ride together, 
 At the head, the lower house trotted two in a row, 
 Then all the higher house pranced after the low. 
 Then the Governor's coach galloped on like the wind, 
 And the last that came foremost were troopers behind ; 
 But I fear it means no good to your neck, nor mine, 
 For they say 'tis to fix a right place for the line. 
 
294 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 Hampshire" was represented as ready to be devoured, and the Xing's own 
 property and possessions swallowed up by the boundless rapacity of the 
 charter government. 
 
 The following letter, from Eichard Hazzen of this town, to Mr, Gushing, 
 — written a few months after the matter had been thus referred to the 
 King, — throws considerable additional light upon this controversy : — 
 
 "Sr. 
 Inclosed are the Plans of Haverhill & Methuen with the Severall 
 Claims of Kingston Chester & Londonderry'--^ upon them which you will I 
 believe Easily find Out by the Delineations, as also the first plan that ever 
 was taken of the Town of Haverhill as I Can find which I thought might 
 be of service for its Antiquity.f You will see by the Southerly Course of 
 Londonderry what parts of Dracutt & Dunstable they Claim but for want. 
 of more knowledge in the Courses of them Two Towns I forbore to take a plan 
 thinking it more proper for Mr Justice Blanchard, and as to Almsbury I 
 am acquainted that Kingston Claims near one third part, but without 
 measuring I could not take an Exact plan so desisted hoping what is done 
 may Suffice for the present. I have also enclosed the copy of a petition 
 which was sent in Haverhill's behalf by the late Honrble Colo Quincy 
 which if you please to peruse you will find it agrees with said Plan I have 
 drawn & I hope will terve Haverhill. 
 
 After you have read it I desire you would Send it me by the bearer, 
 again. If my business would have allowed of it I should have taken a plan 
 of Kingston, by which you would have perceived that they have no Eight 
 by Grant to any part of Haverhill. Their Grant beginning at a Stake 
 seven miles west from Hampton meeting house thence running west & by 
 north Ten miles into ye Country & then beginning where they first began 
 & Eun North four miles & South within tliree Miles of Merrimack & then 
 from the Extreme points Last mentioned to ye End of ye Tenmile so that 
 it Lyes in the same form of Haverhill. 
 
 I should earnestly request that endeavours might be used that a Line 
 from Endicott's Tree to three miles North of Merrimack Eiver at ye mouth 
 might be the dividing Line of the Provinces which we take to be the true 
 intent of the Charter, but the Province having put in a difierent Claim we 
 
 ^ In July, 1737, one Robert Auchmaty petitioned the Proprietors of Haverhill that " whereas a house 
 lot had been laid out to him in Londonderry which is supposed to be within ye ancient town of Haver- 
 hill," to prevent any future trouble in regard to it, he requested the Proprietors to make over to him in 
 writing all their right and title to the same. The request was not granted — perhaps because the peti- 
 tioner asked the release as a gift. 
 
 t See an engraving of the last plan here referred to, on page lOi. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 295 
 
 forbear to mention it. however tliat yoii will use your utmost Endeavour 
 that Haverhill's property may be Secured we Earnestly Eequest. If any 
 thing further may be done to Serve the Province I shall readily lend a hand. 
 
 In Haste I am Sr 
 
 Your Most Humble Servt 
 
 Eichd Hazzen 
 
 Haverhill May 9th 1737."- 
 
 The decision of the King in Council was not made until August 5, 1740, 
 and the line was not actually run until the following year ; and during all 
 this time, the inhabitants of the^disputed territory suffered the most serious 
 inconveniences and annoyances. It would be both unjust, and ungenerous, 
 did we deny that private rights were invaded, property destroyed or 
 damaged, law suits needlessly multiplied, and other wrongs committed, by 
 persons, and parties, on each of the contending sides. Passions were 
 inflamed, cupidity and a love for contention excited, and, as always has 
 been, (and, from the nature of man, under similar circumstances always 
 must be expected.) every available means, short of actual resort to physical 
 force, was adopted to harrass and drive off the settlers on the disputed lands. 
 Parties from this town repeatedly attempted (and often with success) to 
 drive off the Londonderry and other settlers upon these lands, f and visa 
 versa. 
 
 In the hope of putting a more speedy stop to these serious difficulties, 
 the town, September 29, 1740, chose a committee to petition "his majesty " 
 directly, about their town boundary. 
 
 Finally, (August 5, 1740,) a decree of the King in Council passed the 
 seals, by which it was " adjudged, ordered and decreed, that the jSTorthern 
 boundary of the Province of Massachusetts Bay, is and be a similar curve 
 line, pursuing the course of Merrimac river, at three miles distance on the 
 north side thereof, beginning at the Atlantic Ocean and ending at a point 
 due north of a place in the plan returned by the Commissioners," (to whom 
 the subject had been previously referred,) "called Patucket falls and a 
 straight line drawn from thence due West across said river till it meets 
 with his Majesty's other Governments." This decree was forwarded to 
 Mr. Belcher, then governor of both Provinces, with instructions to apply 
 to the respective Assembles of Xew Hampshire and Massachusetts, to 
 unite in marking the necessary provisions for running and marking the line 
 
 ~- State Archives 52, 472. 
 
 •f In April, 1735, John Carlton, and his brother George, (sons of Thomas, of Bradford) petitioned to the 
 proprietors of Uavcrhill to make them some consideration for the services of themselves and teams " when 
 Constable pecker went to fetch off those that were Tresspessers on that part of Haverhill Common beyond 
 the Island Pond," as they had done to others that went at the same time. 
 
296 HISTORY 01" HAVERHILL. 
 
 conformable to said decree, and tliat if the Assemlbly of either Province 
 refused, the Assembly of the other might proceed ex parte. The Assembly 
 of the Province of Massachusetts declined complying with this requisition. 
 The Assembly of New Hampshire made the necessary appropriation for 
 running and marking the line : and George Mitchel and Richard^Hazen 
 were appointed by Gov. Belcher, on behalf of New Hampshire, to survey 
 and mark the boundary line conformably to said decree. Pursuant to this 
 authority, in the month of February, A. D. 1741, Mitchel run and marked 
 a line from the seacoast above three miles north of the movith of the 
 Merrimack Eiver, to a point about three miles north of- Patucket falls, as 
 and for the line directed to be run by said decree, and said Hazen, in the 
 month of March following, run and marked a line from the said point about 
 three miles north of Patucket falls, across the Connecticut Eiver to the 
 supposed boundary line of New York, on what he then supposed, was a due 
 West line from the place of beginning. 
 
 This line gave to New Hampshire a territory of about fifty miles by 
 fourteen more than she had ever asked tor ! 
 
 Massachusetts, as may readily be supposed, did not soon forget h6r 
 unjust treatment in the matter, and it was not until 1826, that she took 
 part in a re-survey, or retracing of the line.'-' 
 
 But the decree of the King did not put a stop to the disputes between 
 the inhabitants of Haverhill and those of Londonderry. It was made a 
 condition of the submission to the decision of the King, that private pro- 
 perty should not be affected, and this condition was incorporated into his 
 decree ; but it did not settle the question of private ownership. 
 
 At their meeting in September, 1741, the Haverhill proprietors chose a 
 committee to prosecute all trespassers on their common and undivided lands, 
 whether they were on the north or south of the New Hampshire line, or 
 in that part of Methuen formerly Haverhill ; and they continued to sell 
 and grant lands on the north side of the new line. 
 
 On the other hand, the inhabitants of Londonderry petitioned their Gen- 
 eral Court to newly run the lines of their town, as "your petitioners for 
 several years past has been very greatly disturbed and troubled and in- 
 croached upon in their Possessions and in defence of the same has expended 
 from time to time in the Law near two thousand Pounds against the In- 
 habitants of Massachusetts Bay." Among other causes of complaint 
 against the latter, the petitioners say that " they caiTy off the small part 
 of timber that is yet growing there." 
 
 ° From 1741, to 1826, no survey of the line was made by public authority. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVEKHILL. 297 
 
 That we may not be charged with suppressing testimony upon the Lon- 
 donderry side, we copy, in extenso, the Eev. Mr. Parker's version of the 
 matter, as given in his History of that town •■= : — 
 
 " It appears that certain persons in Haverhill, and its vicinity, laid 
 claim to these lands, hy virtue of a deed of but about twentj' years date, 
 from an Indian sagamore named John,y whereas the Indian title which the 
 proprietors of Londonderry claimed, was obtained more than sixty years 
 before, and signed by all the principal chiefs who had any right whatever 
 to the territory in question.;}: "Weak and unjust as was the claim of these 
 individuals, they endeavoured to press it, hoping that, as these settlers 
 were foreigners, if they could not by persuasion, they would by menaces, be 
 induced to abandon their settlement. Hence they came from time to time 
 in armed bodies, threatening violence if the settlers upon these lands did 
 not remove. But they knew not the men whom they thus assailed, were 
 men of tried courage and noble daring. Satisfied of the justness of their 
 title, and determined to maintain it at the peril of life, if -called to the 
 encounter, the inhabitants of Londonderry went forward with their settle- 
 ment, without heeding the menaces they received. It is related, that on one 
 occasion a large party from Haverhill, led by a man named Herriman, came 
 fully armed for an encounter, unless these settlers would yield to their 
 demands, either paying them for the township or at once quitting it.§ 
 
 "It was on Friday, and the men with their families were assembling under 
 a spreading oak, their house of worshij) not being as yet ei-ected, to observe, 
 according to the good old Presbyterian custom, the service preparatory to 
 communion, which was to be administered on the following Sabbath. The 
 assailants, on making known their purpose, were requested to desist from 
 all acts of violence, until their religious services were over, which they 
 consented to do. Having listened attentively to the discourse addressed to 
 his flock by the venerated pastor, and struck with the firm and undaunted 
 
 ^ Parker's History of Londonderry, page 58. 
 
 t With this deed, and the claim under it, this town had nothing whatever to do, and but very few of 
 its inhabitants. When we first began to "read up" upon this subject, we somewhere met with, and made 
 notes of, a history of this deed, and the attempts made to establish claims under it; but they have been 
 either lust or misplaced; and we can now only affirm that the claim was owned by parties outside of 
 Haverhill, (we believe in Ipswich, or Salem) and that when they passed through this town, on their way to 
 this disputed territory, — which was, as they claimed, covered by their deed, — to compel the settlers there 
 to either purchase of them, or move off the lands, a number of Haverhill men joined the party. — G. W. C. 
 
 t We believe it is even yet doubtful whether the deed here referred to is a genuine deed, or a false one. 
 But even admitting it to have been a genuine and valid deed, the bounds of Londonderry under it, was 
 distinctly stated to be to, and upon, Haverhill the Line. 
 
 § This must have been the party who claimed under the Indian deed, already referred to. They 
 claimed the whole toivnship. Haverhill never claimed anything more than to its west line, as laid out 
 in 1667. The latter claim, therefore, covered but a small portion of the township of Londonderry. 
 
 38 
 
298 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 appearance of tlie men, and with the spirit and solemnity of their devotions, 
 Herriman said to his followers : ' Let us return, it is in vain to attempt to 
 disturb this people, for surely the Lord is with them,' 
 
 " In connection with these more formal assaults, they were frequently har- 
 rassed by intruders who attempted to mow their meadows, on which 
 they mainly depended for the support of their cattle during the earlier 
 years of the settlement/- ■' 
 
 " Such intruders were not unfrequently taken by them, and detained as 
 prisoners, until satisfaction was rendered by them, or their friends. We 
 find in, the town accounts during these years, frequent charges by in- 
 dividuals ' for guarding prisoners.' Sometimes an inhabitant of the town, 
 when employed in these meadows, would be seized and carried away by 
 individuals from abroad, who laid in wait for the purpose. Thus a Mr. 
 Christie, while mowing in a meadow, was seized and carried to Haverhill, 
 without being allowed to apprize his family of his situation. The next 
 day some of his apparel was found in the meadow where he had been at 
 work, and he was at length discovered and rescued, 
 
 " It also appears that civil processes were commenced and carried on 
 before the courts in Massachusetts, as they held their sessions, at New- 
 bury port and Ipswich, and that certain individuals were actually com- 
 mitted to prison under the arrests which were made by the claimants in 
 that province, "VYe find frequent charges made for attendance at court at 
 Ipswich, also a vote of the town to pay the expenses of the individuals 
 imprisoned, and to perform for them the necessary work required on their 
 farms during their imprisonment." 
 
 As a partial ofi'set to the above, we give the following outline of one of 
 the numerous cases where actions were brought against those Haverhill 
 settlers who fell to the north of the line ; and which will show the ground 
 upon which such actions were brought, and the proceedings thereon, We 
 condense it from a petition of Eichard Hazzen to the General Court, dated 
 November 22, 1749 : — 
 
 In 1744, Eobert Boyes, of Londonderry, brought an action of Eject- 
 ment against Jonathan Colburn, of Haverhill, to recover possession of a 
 certain piece of land formerly within the jurisdiction of Massachusetts, 
 but, by the running of the line, falling within New Hampshire. Colburn 
 
 <» The reader will bear in mind that these disturbances only occurred on, and related to, those lands 
 which formed a part of the " northwesterly angle of Haverhill," but were claimed by Londonderry as a 
 part 01 their township. Even after the line was run in 1741, and when all the land to the north of it was 
 claimed by New Hampshire, we find that most, if not all, the suits commenced against the settlers on the 
 north side, were brought against those of "Haverhill Peke," or, as it was also then called, "Haverhill 
 Pistrict." 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 299 
 
 held tlie land by virtue of a grant from the proprietors of the town of 
 Havei'hill to his predecessors, before the town of Londonderry was granted. 
 Boyes claimed the land under the grant of Governor Shute for the town 
 of Londonderry. At the Inferior Court, judgment was given for the de- 
 fendant. The plaintiff appealed, and the Superior Court reversed the 
 judgment. Subsequently, Colburn brought a Writ of Keview and recov- 
 ered, with costs. Boyes then appealed to the Governor and Council of 
 New Hampshire, " called the Court of Appeals," but after nearly two 
 years delay, the title was confirmed to Colburn. 
 
 As an additional offset to the troubles, expenses, and embarrassments of 
 the Londonderry settlers, as thus feelingly set forth by their historian, we 
 insert a second petition from Mr. Hazzen to the General Court of Massa- 
 chusetts : — 
 
 " To the Honrble Spencer Phips Esq Lieut. Governor and Commander in 
 Chief in and over his Majesties Province of the Massachusetts Bay in New 
 England, The Honrble his Majesties Council and House of Eej)resentatives 
 in General Court Assembled at Boston May 31 Anno Domini 1753. 
 
 The petition of Eichard Hazzen humbly Sheweth That upon the Late 
 running of the Divisionall Line between the Provinces, about one third 
 part of the lands belonging to the Ancient Town of Haverhill, fell to the 
 Northward of the said Line and within the Province of New Hampshire. 
 
 That being the Case the Government of New Hampshire claimed, not 
 only the J.urisdiction of these lands to the North side of the Line but also 
 the property (contrary to order of the Crown) and endeavoured to Ouste all 
 the inhabitants, which were then more than One hundred families 
 Setled by Haverhill to the Northward of it and take away their property 
 by force of arms, the people of Kingston and Londonderry oftentimes 
 coming in Clans to the Number of forty or fifty at a time, and One One 
 hundred or more, to fence in our Lands build on them &c 
 
 That your petitioner seeing the Great distress the poor people liveing on 
 the North side of the line were in on the Accompt of the New Hampshire 
 Claim and having some Lands there of his own, moved into that Govern- 
 ment in order to Aid and assist the Haverhill people against them that came 
 to drive them off by force, and did repell them in the same manner and by 
 his application made to Governour Wentworth a stop was at Length put to 
 such illegal proceedings. 
 
 That Kingston and Londonderry people then directly brought many law- 
 suites, against the Inhabitants of Haverhill which your petitioner defended 
 to ye Utmost of his power.'-' 
 
 *> In tte Proprietors' Records, we find many instances where they voted money to assist such persons to 
 carry on their suits, or to reimburse them for expenses already incurred. As specimens, we give the 
 
300 HISTORY OF HAVEEHILL 
 
 That in the Course of those tryalls which have now lasted almost Ten 
 Years, Your petitioner has been one hundred and thirty Joumeys'to Ports- 
 mouth oftentimes in Eain & Snow heat & Cold, to Attend the Courts or 
 prepare for ye Tryalls & has oftentimes been detained there three weeks 
 at a time on Expence, whereby he has sunk at least one thousand pounds 
 . of his Estate, when at the same time if he would have turn'd traytor to 
 this Government he might have gotten large Sums without any trouble 
 
 That your petitioner has met with so much difficulty in these affairs 
 that rather than endure so much again he would give up all his Estate & 
 sit down in the most remote parts of the Earth notwithstanding he has 
 had such success that no one Haverhill man has lost his Estate nor are 
 any new Settlement made upon us, no new suites Commenct. and but Two 
 depending, & them before the Governour & Councill. 
 
 But so it is may it please your Honour & this Honourable Court, that 
 your petitioner by reason of his Great Expence has involved his Estate to 
 the value of Seven or Eight thousand pounds to Capt. Edward Tyng for 
 no more then Thirty four or five hundred pounds money old Tenor, the 
 Eedemption of which is now Expired, And your petitioner must Infallibly 
 Loose four or five thousand pounds unless releived by this Honoured 
 Court 
 
 Your petitioner therefore Earnestly requests this Great and Honourable 
 Court to Compassionate his distressed Circumstances & inasmuch as he 
 has endeavoured at all times with his power and Estate to defend the 
 Title of this Government against New Hampshire, You will be pleased to 
 Grant him so much money as will clear that mortgage, or Lend it the peti- 
 tioner who will make sale of his Land as soon as possible & will pay the- 
 money in Again & the Overpluss he will devote to the Service of this Gov- 
 ernment & will use all his power and abilities to defend the Title of the 
 Massachusetts as Long as he is able to get to Portsmouth 
 
 And your petitioner as in Duty bound 
 shall ever pray 
 
 Eichard Hazzen. 
 
 following : — January 15, 1748-9. One hundred pounds was voted " towards defraying ye action before ye 
 King and Council wherein Nathaniel French (Kingston) is appellant, against Thomas FoUonsbee and 
 others (Haverhill) appellees." 
 
 December 16, 1751, Henry Sanders was voted twenty pounds "to carry on his case against Wheelright 
 at Portsmouth." (This was a suit under the famous " AVheelwright claim.") June 29, 1752, Edward 
 Flint was voted thirty pounds "to carry on his case against Londonderry at Portsmouth." In November, 
 1753, he was voted forty pounds more "to continue his case." January 1, 1753, iifty pounds was voted 
 to prosecute trespassers on the land previously granted " the first minister of Timberlane, now called 
 Hampstead." November 20, 1758, four hundred and seventy eight pounds twelve shillings. New Hamp- 
 shire, old Tenor, was voted Nathaniel P. Sargeant, Esq., " for his services in David Heath's and other 
 cases." 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 301 
 
 "In the House of Eepves June 8. 1853 Kead and Ordered that the 
 Prayer of the Petr be so far granted as that the Petr recieve out of the 
 publick Treasury the sum of four hundred Sixty Eight pounds upon Loan 
 free of Interest for the term of five years. He first giving Bond with 
 sufficient sureties for the payment of said sum at the expiration of the time 
 abovementioned " 
 
 T. Hubbard Spkr 
 In Council June 12, 1753 
 
 Bead & non Concur'd 
 
 Thos. Clarke Dpty Secry 
 
 In the House of Eepves June 13. 1753. The House entered again into 
 the consideration of the vote passed upon this Petn the 8th Currt at the 
 desire of the Honble Board and after Debate and Mature Consideration 
 
 Voted, that the House adhere to their vote as then sent up to the Honl 
 Board 
 
 Sent up for concurrence 
 
 T. Hubbard Spkr 
 J Willard Secry 
 
 In Council, June 13, 1753 ; Eead & Concur'd 
 
 Consented to 
 
 S. Phips 
 As will be seen from the foregoing petition, the long continued and vex- 
 atious border troubles were at last drawing to a close. The last notice we 
 find of them- in. our records is that where, in 1759, the Proprietors chose 
 a committee" to settle with the proprietors of the " Mason claim" to the 
 township of Salem. This brought up the rear of the long and motley 
 procession of troubles, vexations, and suits, that had for more than a third 
 of a century been fastened upon our town, and we feel a decided relief in 
 thus closing our history of this, by no means insignificant, " Border ^Yar." 
 
 c Joseph Badger, Jr. 
 
302 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 CHAPTER XIX. 
 
 1729 TO 1741. 
 
 At the annual town meeting for 1729, a proposition was made to I'aise 
 one hundred pounds for " school money," and though it was voted down, 
 yet the proposal is significant of an increasing interest in the cause of 
 popular education. At this time, in addition to the " Grammar" School, 
 (which was kept in constant operation, although moved quarterly from 
 place to place about town,) there were other schools, termed " Common" 
 schools, kept a few weeks each, annually, in various parts of the town. 
 School houses were not yet erected in all the places where schools were 
 wanted, and it was therefore quite common to keep them in private houses. 
 Thus we find that in 1725 a school was kept " one quarter" in the house 
 of Samuel Ayer ; in 1727, one quarter each in the houses of "Widow 
 Currier," and William Johnson; in 1730 one quarter at John Clements; 
 and in 1732, three quarters at the house of Eeuhen Currier. 
 
 In the preceding chapter we alluded to the employment, hy Massachu- 
 setts and New Hampshire, of agents in Englantl, to manage their affairs 
 before the King and Council. The cost of supporting such agents had now 
 become so great that the General Court called upon the towns to assist 
 in defraying the expenses. At a meeting called for that purpose, this town 
 voted to raise fifty pounds, to be delivered to Colonel Eichard Saltonstall, 
 the representative, and by him to the Committee of the General Court. 
 This not only shows the interest of the town in the great question then 
 beginning to excite so much attention, but also the readiness of its inhabi- 
 tants to bear their full proportion of the public burden. That this large 
 contribution was not an isolated case, is abundantly shown by the records 
 of a subsequent period. 
 
 On the 26 th of October of this year, twenty-nine members of the first 
 church, residents in that part of Methuen, now Salem, N. H., had permis- 
 sion gi-anted to embody themselves into a church in that place. They had 
 already built themselves a new meeting house. 
 
 At the annual meeting in 1730, the proposition to raise one hundred 
 pounds for schools was again brought forward. This time it was coupled 
 with the condition that one-half of the sum should be appropriated for the 
 support of "the Grammar School near the meeting house;" — but 
 the plan again failed. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 303 
 
 The inLabitants of the "North Precinct" were this year allowed ten 
 pounds from the Town treasury toward the support of a minister, and 
 almost immediately they gave a Mr. Haynes an invitation to settle, but he 
 declined. Soon after, they extended an invitation to Eev. James Gushing, 
 a son of Eev. Caleb Gushing of Salisbury, who accepted, and was ordained 
 in December. On the 1st of November, forty-six members of the first 
 church, requested and obtained a dismission, " for the purpose of uniting 
 in a church state in the North Precinct." The church was organized 
 November 4, 1730. 
 
 This year, (1730,) in addition to the regular board of five Selectmen, 
 three persons, — Nathan Webster, Sergeant Joseph Emerson, and Deacon 
 Daniel Little — where chosen " Overseers of the Poor." This was the first 
 time such officers were chosen by the town. They were regularly chosen 
 annually from this time until 1735, when they were discontinued, and their 
 duties again assigned to the board of Selectmen. The office was not again 
 revived until 1801. 
 
 The North Precinct, having settled a minister among them, made appli- 
 cation the next spring to the Proprietors for a grant of land for him. They 
 promptly gave him a piece containing about twenty-nine acres. 
 
 From the Proprietors Eecords for 1731, we learn that Joseph Whittier 
 and Moses Hazzen petitioned them for permission to build a wharf on the 
 Merrimack, near " Mill Brook; which was granted, on condition that they 
 kept the two bridges near them in repair " forever," paid fifty pounds, and 
 built a good wharf, at least one hundred feet wide, and from the highway 
 to low water mark ! We think these terms were stringent enough to satisfy 
 the sharpest of the sharp bargain makers among them. 
 
 Under this date, Mirick, in his history of the town, has the following: — 
 
 " About this time an affair happened which was rather derogatory to the 
 characters of those concerned. The Commoners had fenced a certain part 
 of the ox-common with split rails. This was very much disliked by the 
 non-commoners living in the north part of the town, and they determined 
 to be revenged. They soon concerted a plot, and a small party assembled 
 near flaggy meadow, on the night appointed to execute it, carried the rails 
 into large piles, and set them on fire. The loss of the rails was but trifling 
 when compared with the other damage done by the fire. The earth was 
 dry, and it run through the woods, and continued to burn for many days." 
 
 From the fact that for several years preceding, and even after the above 
 date, these parties were at peace with each other, having settled all their 
 disputes, we think the above described incident must have taken place 
 about 1724, or 1725, at which time these common disputes were at their 
 height. 
 
304 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 At the annual meeting in 1732, the " proffit of tlie Parsonage farm" 
 (that is, the money received for the annual rent of it) was voted to be given 
 to the North Parish until there should be another Parish in town. 
 
 At the same time it was decided to " take an exact list of the Poles and 
 Estates" in town, and for that purpose a committee was chosen. AVe 
 think the committee must have made a short job of it, as the only future 
 record we find relating to it, is a " bill paid Christopher Bartlett one day 
 valuation Estates, six shillings." 
 
 The earliest notice we find of shipbuilding in town, is the following, in 
 the proprietors records, under date of June 18, 1733 : — : 
 
 " Henry Springer petitioning as followeth viz That he is willing & 
 desirous to settle in the Town and Carry on the Trade of a Ship carpenter 
 if he might have suitable encouragement. But having no place of his own 
 to build on prays the grant of so much Land betwixt the highway by the 
 burrying place, and the Eiver or where the vessell now stands on the Stocks 
 as would accommodate him for a building Yard." "Upon which petition 
 after mature consideration it was voted that he should have so much, 
 provided that he settled in the town of Haverhill & Carried on the Trade 
 of a Ship Carpenter, or that some other person built in the same place in 
 his room, and no Longer." 
 
 We are not to suppose from the above, that Springer was the first ship- 
 builder in town, or that he was the only one who could build, or had built, 
 ships here ; because, as we have already noticed, wharves had been built, 
 and vessels employed, for many years previous. And from the fact that 
 the size and finish of the " vessels " of that day required far less skill and 
 capital in their construction, than do those of our own time, we may safely 
 presume that they had not only been for some time previously employed in 
 the commerce of the town, but were also built here. Indeed, the fact that 
 Springer in his petition refers to a vessel then on the stocks, is, we think, 
 sufficient to establish our point. But that Springer was the first person 
 who carried on shipbuilding as a regular business in the town, we are 
 inclined to believe, from the fact that his name is the first that appears in 
 that connection in either of the Eecords, which are so minute in all such 
 matters, that if it had been otherwise, we should without doubt have 
 found the name of his predecessors. 
 
 In March of the following year, the large island in Island Pond was 
 disposed of by the proprietors of Haverhill, to Eichaid Saltonstall. It was 
 estimated to contain two hundred acres, one-half of which was given him 
 in consideration of valuable services rendered the proprietors, and the 
 remaining half sold to him for thirty shillings per acre. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 305 
 
 Early in tlie spring of the same year (1734) the appearance of a few- 
 very large and uncommon " catterpiller " was noticed in the woods of the 
 town. These rapidly increased until the trees were nearly covered, 
 and a vast amount of damage was done by them. The following inter- 
 esting account of them, we copy from a memoranda left by Dr. Joshua 
 Bailey of this town : — 
 
 *' In the year 1734 there was as soon as the leaves began to appear on 
 the Oak trees a catterpiller in spots in our woods in Haverhill the red & 
 black oaks chiefly & in the year 1735 there was 100 for one of what 
 appeared last year & in 1736 the number was astonishing for they covered, 
 almost the whole of the woods in Haverhill & Bradford & part of IMethuen 
 Chester & Andover and in many other places near Haverhill many thou- 
 sands of acres of thick woodland the leaves and tender twings of the last 
 years growth were wholly eaten up to the wholly killing of many of the 
 trees & others had most of the limbs killed & if providence had continued 
 them to a 4th year we should not have a tree left in most of the places they 
 seemed to like the red & black oak but when they had destroyed the leaves 
 of the oak they cleared all before them and you might travel miles in some 
 places and see no green leaves on any but a few trees that were standing 
 single and in midsummer the wood was as naked as midwinter they were 
 larger than our common catterpiller and made no nests the trees in some 
 places completely covered with them and they would travel from tree to 
 tree no river or pond stopped them for they would swim like dogs and 
 travelled in great armies and I have seen Houses so covered with them 
 that you could see little or no part of the building on every leaf of a tree 
 you might see more or less of them." 
 
 Eichard Kelley, of Amesbury, in his diary, described them as " larger 
 than the orchard caterpillr, but smooth on the back with a black streak 
 with white spots." And he adds, — " they are thought by many to be the 
 palmer worm." 
 
 In 1734, the inhabitants of the easterly part of the town petitioned to be 
 set off into a separate Parish by themselves, which was agreed to by the 
 town, and the dividing line run. But some of the inhabitants of the 
 proposed new parish, being opposed to a separation, made such vigorous 
 efforts against it, that when application was made to the General Court to 
 perfect the work, it not only refused to do so, but ordered the petitioners 
 back to the old Parish."-' 
 
 Immediately after, the people of the westerly part of the town, (between 
 ■whom and those of the easterly part there appears to have been an " under- 
 
 ° The petition Tras signed by Nathaniel Peaslee, "for himself and others." 
 
 39 
 
308 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 Though the town of Methuen ^as set off in 1725, it does not appear 
 that the line between the two towns was actually settled until the year 
 1737, when we find that "Lieutenant Richard Kimball, of Bradford, was 
 chosen to " settle the line between Haverhill and Methuen." This did 
 not, however, " settle " the matter, as we find that the next year the town 
 ordered the selectmen to join with the selectmen of Methuen and run the 
 line, — which they did. The line thus agreed upon has continued to 
 the present time as the dividing line between the two towns. 
 
 Among the things which call for mention in our history for 1738, is the 
 petition of Hannah Bradley, of this town, to the General Court, asking 
 for a grant of land, in consideration of her former sufferings among the 
 Indians, and "present low circumstances." In answer to her petition, 
 that honorable body granted her two hundred and fifty acres of land, 
 which was laid out May 29, 1739, by Richard Hazzen, Surveyor. It was 
 located in Methuen, in two lots, — the first, containing one hundred and 
 sixty acres, bordering on the west line of Haverhill ; the other, containing 
 ninety acres, bordering on the east line of Dracut. 
 
 Mrs. Bradley's good success in appealing to the generosity of the Gen- 
 eral Court, seems to have stimulated Joseph Neff, a son of Mary Neff, to 
 make a similar request. He shortly after petitioned that body for a grant 
 of land, in consideration of his mother's services in assisting Hannah 
 Duston in killing " divers Indians." Neff declares in his petition, that 
 his mother was " kept a prisoner for a considerable time," and " in their 
 return home past thro the utmost hazard of their lives and Suffered 
 distressing want being almost Starved before they Could Return to their 
 dwellings." 
 
 Accompanying Neff's petition, was the following deposition of Hannah 
 Bradley, which well deserves a place in our pages, for its historical interest. 
 The document proves that Mrs. Bradley was taken prisoner at the same 
 time with Mrs. Duston, and travelled with her as far as Pennacook : — 
 
 " The deposition of the Widow Hannah Bradly of Haverhill of full age 
 who testifieth & saith that about forty years past the said Hannah together 
 with the widow Mary Neff were taken prisoners by the Indians & carried 
 together into captivity, & above penny cook the Deponent was by the 
 Indians forced to travel farther than the rest of the Captives, and the next 
 night but one there came to us one Squaw who said that Hannah Dustan 
 and the aforesaid Mary Neff assisted in killing the Indians of her wigwam 
 except herself and a boy, herself escaping very narrowly, shewing to myself 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 309 
 
 & others seven wounds as she said with a Hatched on her head which 
 wounds were given her when the rest were killed, and further saith not. 
 
 her 
 
 Hannah ><^ Bradly." 
 
 mark 
 
 The above deposition was sworn to before Joshua Bayley, of Haverhill, 
 June 28th, 1739. 
 
 The General Court granted Neff two hundred acres of land. 
 
 About this time (1738) a ferry was established on the Merrimack, about 
 a mile and a half below the present chain ferry, and near where Follansbee 
 Noyes now lives. It was soon after removed a mile up river, near the 
 present house of David Nichols. 
 
 The first rum distillery in town, was built about this time, as we find, 
 under date of November 6, 1738, a petition from James McHard, to the 
 Proprietors, in which he says: — " there is a small vacancy of land betwixt 
 the parsonage Land and Merrimack river by Mr. Pecker's which I am 
 informed belongs to the proprietors of Haverhill and I being about to build 
 a Still House for the good of the Town of Haverhill and without any regard 
 to my Own Interest, as I generally do," &c., and he therefore requests that 
 they will give him liberty to erect his distillery on that lot. This they 
 agreed to do, provided he built within three years. It stood on the stream 
 (Mill Brook) near what is now the upper mill. 
 
 About this time, the long row of sycamore-trees that, for a century 
 afterward, added so much to the natural beauty of the " Saltonstall Seat," 
 (now the residence of Mrs. Samuel W, Duncan) were set out. ' The work 
 was done by one Hugh Talent, an "exile of Erin," and a famous fiddler 
 withal. Tradition says that the village swains and lasses did not allow 
 the cat-gut and rosin of this musical Talent to rust for want of use. He 
 lived with Colonel Saltonstall, in the capacity of a servant. Poor Hugh ! 
 For nearly three generations after he had " hung up his fiddle and his 
 bow," the beautiful trees he planted, were the pride of our village, and the 
 admiration of all who beheld them. Many an one, whose head is sprinkled 
 o'er with the frosts of many winters, as he reads these lines, will call to 
 mind the days and scenes of the time when the " Old Buttenwoods" were 
 flourishing in all their glory, and will embalm their memory with a sigh — 
 perhaps with a tear ! 
 
 The summer of 1740 was as remarkable for the vast amount of rain 
 which fell, and flooded the country, as the subsecjuent winter was for the 
 
 ° May 23, 1748, "R Saltonstall" petitioned the Proprietors for about one-fourth acre of land south of 
 his homestead, " where he had lately planted some Button Trees." The petition was granted. 
 
310 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 severity of its cold. It was probably the most severe winter that had 
 been known since the settlement of the country. After a very wet sum- 
 mer and fall, November 4th it set in. very cold. On the 15th, a foot of 
 snow fell, but on the 22nd it began to rain, " and it rained three weeks 
 together." This produced a freshet in the Merrimack, the like of which 
 " was not known by no man for seventy years."'"' The water rose fifteen 
 feet in this town, and floated ofi" many houses. On the 12th of December, 
 the river was closed by the severity of the weather, and before the 1st of 
 January, loaded teams, with four, six, and eight oxen, passed from Haver- 
 hill and the towns below, to the upper long wharf at Newburyport. The 
 ice in Plumb Island Eiver did not break up until the 30th of March, 
 1741. There were twenty-seven snow storms during the winter, f 
 
 By the running of the new line between Massachusetts and New Hamp- 
 shire, in 1741, nearly one-third of the population, territory, and property 
 of the town of Haverhill, fell to the north of the line. When to this is 
 added the large portion set off for Methuen, in 1725, we find that more than 
 one-half of its stock of all those elements which combine to make a first 
 class New England town, had been taken from Haverhill within the short 
 period of fifteen years. It was, indeed, a great change in its condition, 
 and prospects, and must have been felt most seriously. 
 
 Soon after the State line was run, the town instructed its selectmen to 
 take an exact list of the polls and estates on the north side of the line, 
 which was done. J The list is entitled "A List of Polls and Eateable 
 Estate Pteal & Personal, for the Town of Haverhill in the County of Essex, 
 Taken in the year 1741. This list contains only those living in that part 
 of the town that falls into N Hampshire Province according to Mr Mitch- 
 els Line."§ This document, which is still among the town's papers, 
 contains the following names : — 
 
 Abraham Annis, Edward Carlton, Jr, Obadiah Perry, 
 
 John Currier, Timothy Johnson, Seth Patee, 
 
 John Currier, Jur, William Johnson, Benjamin Smith, 
 
 Eichard Carlton, Peter Patee, Thomas Smith, 
 
 ® Stephen Jaques. t Rev. Mr. Plant. 
 
 J The immediate cause which prompted this action, was the fact that those on the north side of the line 
 refused to pay taxes any longer to Haverhill, — or even those of the current year. 
 
 § Among the papers in the State Archives, is a petition of Nathaniel Rolfe, and John Russell, Jr., to 
 the Generj,l Court, in 1753, setting forth that when the State line was run in 1741, the meeting house in 
 the North Parish, with two-thirds of the inhabitants, fell on the New Hampshire side, while the minister's 
 house, and the greatest part of the land, fell on the Massachusetts side ; that some living on the latter side 
 refused to pay their minister's rate, being in doubt about the power to raise money for such purposes; and 
 therefore the petitioners asked that such power might be given them — if they did not then have it. The 
 Court thereupon, April 7, 1753, resolved the portion south of the line into a separate and distinct Parish, 
 with all the powers, &c., of a Parish, 
 
mSTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 311 
 
 John Smith, 
 Eichard Patee, 
 Jonathan Wheler, 
 John AYatts, 
 John Webster, 
 William Webster, 
 Daniel Whitiker, 
 Benjamin Wheler, 
 Stephen Wheler, 
 David Copp, 
 Moses Copp, 
 Thomas Crawfford, 
 Jonathan Coborn, 
 John Dow, Jur, 
 Stephen Emerson, Jur, 
 Peter Easman, 
 William Easman, 
 Eoberd Emerson, Jur, 
 Benjamin Emerson, 
 Jonathn Emery, 
 Humphry Emery, 
 Eichard Flood, 
 Eoberd Ford, 
 Joseph Gill, 
 Moses Gill, 
 Ebenr Gill, 
 John Heath, 
 James Heath, 
 David Heath, 
 James Heath, Jur, 
 Eichard Heath, 
 Jonathan Hutchens, 
 Thomas hall, 
 Benjamin heath, 
 Zacariah Johnson, • 
 Micael Johnson, 
 Stephen Johnson, 
 Stephen Johnson, Jur, 
 John Kent, 
 Jonathn Kimball, 
 Nathaniel Knight, 
 John Kezar, 
 Jonathan Merrill, 
 Nathaniel Merrill, 
 James Mills, 
 Joseph Page, . 
 Jonathan Page, 
 Caleb Page, 
 
 Timothy Page, 
 Benjamin Eichards, 
 Samuel Stevens, 
 John Stevens, 
 Nehemiah Stevens, 
 Samuel Stevens, Jur, 
 William Stevens, 
 Jonathan Stevens, Jur, 
 Joseph Stevens, Jur, 
 Samuel Worthen, Jur, 
 Jonathn Whitiker, 
 James White, 
 Israel Webster, 
 Thomas Pope, 
 Edmand Page, 
 Timothy Noyse, 
 George Little, 
 Daniel Little, 
 George Little, Jur, 
 Samuel Little, 
 Joseph Little, 
 Caleb Heath, 
 Joshua Page, 
 John Hogg, 
 William Mackmaster, 
 
 Daniel Mackcafee, 
 Heugh Mackcafee, 
 John Mackcafee, 
 James Gilmore, 
 Samuel Patterson, 
 William Chambers, 
 Samuel Graves, 
 James Graves, 
 Moses Tucker, 
 William Hancock, 
 Nathll Heath, 
 Lemuel Tucker, 
 John Hunkins, 
 John Atwood, 
 Othro Stevens, 
 Eliphelet Page, 
 John Muzzee, 
 Wait Stevens, 
 Samuel Anderson, 
 Nathll Wackfarlee, 
 John Mackcaster, 
 Eoberd Gilmore, 
 Jonathan Coborn, Jur, 
 Daniel Poor, 
 Jonathan Dusten, Jur, 
 
 William Mackmaster, Jr Moses Trussel, 
 
 Arter Boyd, 
 Askebell Kinnicum, 
 Askebell Forsh, 
 Thomas Davison, 
 Holbert morrison, 
 William Hogg, 
 Walter Mackfortin, 
 John Stinson, 
 Thomas Horner, 
 Alexander Kelcy, 
 Micael Gorden, 
 Eoberd Mackcurdy, 
 Peter Christy, 
 William Callis, 
 John Miller, 
 Eobert Eeddel, 
 Thom Christy, 
 William Gilmore, 
 Paul Mackfarten, 
 James Macfarten, 
 James Adums, 
 James Adums, Jur, 
 
 Capt Nicolas White, 
 Francis Smiley, 
 John Smiley, 
 Heugh Smiley, 
 Capt Christopher Bartlet, 
 Nathaniel Bartlet, 
 Jonathan Bradlee, 
 John Bradlee, 
 Joseph Beartoe, 
 Obadiah Clements, 
 Abraham Chase, 
 Thomas Cheney, 
 Josiah Copp, 
 Timothy Dow, 
 John Dow, 
 Peter Dow, 
 John Dusten, 
 David Emerson, 
 Ephraim Emerson, 
 Timothy Emerson, 
 Heugh Pike. 
 Joseph Earwine, 
 
312 
 
 HISTORY OF HATEEHILL. 
 
 Samuel Eaton, 
 Thomas Follensby, 
 Danuel Grile, 
 Joseph Heath, 
 Nehcmiah Heath, 
 John Heath, Jur, 
 Samuel Heath, 
 Joseph Heath, Jur, 
 William heath, 
 Josiah heath, 
 Bartholomew heath, 
 John Herriman, 
 Leonard Harriman, 
 
 Leonard Harriman, Jur, 
 Mathew Harriman, 
 Abner Herriman, 
 Joseph Herriman, 
 Henry Haseltine, 
 Edman Hale, 
 Jonathan Johnson, 
 Wid mary Kimball, 
 Samuel Kimball, 
 Jonathan Roberds, 
 Jonathan Stevens, 
 Moses Stevens, 
 Samuel Smith, 
 
 Nathaniel Smith, 
 Thomas Worthin, 
 Samuel Worthin, 
 John Pollord, 
 Nathll Tucker, 
 Samuel Brown, 
 Benjamin Stone, 
 Nathaniel Johnson, Jur, 
 moses Jackman, 
 Benjamin Pettingall, 
 John French, 
 Nathll Gatchell. 
 
 Following the list, is a certificate, signed by Joshua Bayley, Justice of 
 the Peace, setting forth that the selectmen were duly sworn to perform the 
 duty assigned them, on the 9th of December, 1741. 
 
 The relative extent and value of the portion which fell to New Hamp- 
 shire on the settlement of the boundary line, may be seen from the 
 following, which we copy from the last page of the above document : — 
 
 
 W 
 
 346 
 215 
 
 o 
 
 214 
 
 158 
 
 7 
 9 
 
 ti 
 
 a 
 
 1126 
 
 458 
 
 tin 
 
 .9 
 a 
 
 S 
 
 751 
 308 
 
 £ 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 723 
 152 
 
 •a 
 
 •s 
 
 o 
 
 125i 
 19 
 
 10 
 2 
 
 d 
 y, 
 O 
 
 266 
 239 
 
 cS 
 
 540 
 346 
 
 o 
 
 184 
 135 
 
 .3 
 1?S 
 
 Within the Line 
 
 20 
 
 The following list of names, includes all in that part of the town south 
 of the new State line, and east of the West Parish line ; or, in other wo-is, 
 all those in what is now the First, the North, and the East Parishes. 
 They are copied from a document, entitled 
 
 " The Town Bate for the East Part of Haver hill a List of That Part of 
 the Tax made By the Assessors of Haverhill on December ye 10 1741 for 
 Benjamin Gale Constable and Collector of said Part of the town to Collect 
 and pay into The Town Treasury" 
 
 James Ayer, 
 John Ayer, 
 David Ayer, 
 Timothy Ayer, 
 Samuel Ayer, 
 Samuel Apleton, 
 William Otterson, 
 John Ayer, Jur, 
 William Ayer, 
 
 Joseph Badger, 
 Coll Joshua Bayley, 
 Isaac Bradley, Jur, 
 Daniel Bradley, 
 William Bradley, 
 Joseph Bond, 
 Ebenezer Belknap, 
 James Bradbery, 
 Moses Belknap, 
 
 James Black, 
 John Boynton, 
 Obadiah Belknap, 
 Andrew Bryant, 
 Ebenezer Buck, 
 Jonathan Buck, 
 Joseph Badger, Jur, 
 Barnabas Bradbery, 
 Samuel Clements, 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 813 
 
 Moses Clements, 
 Euben Currier, 
 Caleb Currier, 
 Jacob Chase, 
 
 • Abner Cliase, 
 Ilicharcl Colbey, 
 Isaac Colbey, 
 Ezra Chase, 
 John Cogswell, 
 Nathaniel Cogswell, 
 John Clement, Jur, 
 Elexander Camball, 
 Ebenezer Colbey, 
 John Bradbery, 
 Samuel Dow, 
 Josiah Chandler, 
 Isaac Dalton, 
 William Davis, 
 Daniel Davis, 
 John Davis, Jun, 
 Moses Davis, 
 Ephraim Davis, 
 Eobert Davis, 
 Samuel Davis, Jur, 
 Thomas Duston, 
 John Duston, 
 David Dodg, 
 Thomas Diamond, 
 John Edwards, 
 Timothy Eaton, 
 John Eaton, 
 Moses Eaton, 
 Israel Ela, 
 
 ' John Ela, 
 Samuel Ela, 
 
 'Jacob Ela, 
 Nathaniel Edwards, 
 Eichard Emerson, 
 Daniel Ela, 
 Abiel Foster, 
 Edward Flynt, 
 William Follensby, 
 John George, 
 James Gile, 
 Samuel Gile, 
 Joseph Grelee, Jur, 
 Peter Green, 
 Benjamin Grelee, 
 40 
 
 John Gage, 
 William George, 
 Benjamin Gale, 
 John Green, 
 Gideon George, 
 Eobert Hunkins, Jur, 
 David Hutchens, 
 Eobert Hastins, 
 Eobert Hastins, Jun, 
 Eichard Hazzen, 
 Moses Hazzen, 
 Jonathan Haseltine, 
 Eobert Hunkins, 
 James Holgate, 
 William Handcock 
 Zachariah Hanniford, 
 George Hastins, 
 Jonathan Haseltine Jur, 
 Timothy Haseltine, 
 Benjamin Haseltine, 
 John Haseltine, 
 Daniel Herrick, 
 Stephen Huse, 
 Samuel Hunt, 
 Thomas Hunkins, 
 John Heuston, 
 Thomas Johnson, 
 Daniel Johnson, 
 Marverick Johnson, 
 Samuel Johnson, 
 Nathaniel Knolton, 
 Joseph Kelley, 
 Joseph Kelley Jur, 
 Abner Kimball, 
 Abraham Kimball, 
 Ebenezer Kezer, 
 John Kezer, Jur, 
 John Howard, 
 Jonathan Lufkin, 
 Thomas Little, 
 James Mehard, 
 David Marsh, 
 John Morrowson 
 Nathan Merrill, 
 William Morse, 
 Bradbery Morrowson, 
 Jonathan Marsh, 
 Capt John Pecker, 
 
 Natlianiel Page, 
 Abraham Page 
 James Pearson, 
 James Pearson Jur, 
 Eobert Peaslee, 
 Amos Peaslee, 
 Cornelius Page, 
 Nathaniel Peaslee, 
 Lewes Page, 
 Abraliam Page Jur, 
 Jeremiah Page, 
 Joshua Page, 
 Eobert Toney, 
 Ezekiel Page, 
 Joseph Palmer, 
 Philip Eowel, 
 Eowland Eideout, 
 Wid Hannah Eoberds, 
 Col Eichard Saltonstall, 
 James Sanders, 
 Samuel Smith Jur, 
 Nathaniel Sanders, 
 John Sanders, 
 Jacob Sanders, 
 John Sweat, 
 Henry Springer, 
 Jonathan Springer, 
 John Sawyer, 
 Samuel Shepard, 
 Jonathan Shepard, 
 Jonathan Simons, 
 Nathan Simons, 
 John Simons, 
 Nathan Simons Jur, 
 George Sanclar, 
 Philip Stanwood, 
 Samuel Simons, 
 Edward Thompson, 
 Jonathan Tyler, 
 Joseph Tyler, 
 Samuel White, 
 John White, 
 Samuel White Jur, 
 John White Jur, 
 Joseph Whittier, 
 Ebenezer Whittier, 
 David Whiting, 
 John Whiting, 
 
su 
 
 filSTOKT OP HAVERHItL 
 
 Joseph Willson, 
 Ezckicl Willson, 
 "William Willson, 
 John Willson. 
 Grant Webster, 
 Benjamin Wooster, 
 John AVclls, 
 Jacob Woodward, 
 Nathaniel Woodman, 
 Nathaniel Walker, 
 
 Thomas Cheney, 
 Josiah Copp, 
 Benjamin (Jkments, 
 Timothy Dow, 
 John Dow, 
 Peter Dow, 
 John Davis, 
 Joseph Emerson, 
 David Emerson, 
 Ephraim Emerson, 
 
 Wid Elizabeth Whitticr Robert Emerson, 
 
 Thomas Whittier, 
 John Willson Jur, 
 Israel Young, 
 W'illiam Townsend, 
 James Ely, 
 Stephen Dow, 
 Samuel Duston, 
 
 Timothy Emerson, 
 Hcugh Pike, 
 Joseph Earwine, 
 Jabesh Emerson, 
 Samuel Eaton, 
 Thomas Follensby, 
 Daniel Gile, 
 
 widw Mehitebal EmersonJoscph Heath, 
 Nehcmiah Emerson, Nchcmiah Heath, 
 
 Thomas Mingo, 
 Benjamin Moody, 
 Capt Nicolas White, 
 Joseph Mulikin, 
 Timothy Hardy, 
 Erancis Smiley, 
 John Smiley, 
 Hcugh Smiley, 
 
 John Heath Jur, 
 Samuel Heath, 
 Joseph Heath Jur, 
 AV i 1 1 i a m H e ath Jur, 
 Josiah Heath, 
 Bartholomew Heath, 
 John Herriman, 
 Leonard Harriman, 
 
 Capt Christ* pher BartlctLeonard Harriman Jr 
 
 Nathaniel Bartlet, 
 Jonathan Bartlet, 
 John Bradlee, 
 Joseph Beartoe, 
 John Clements, 
 Obadiah Clements 
 Abraham Chase, 
 
 Matthew Harriman 
 Eichard Harriman, 
 Abner Harriman, 
 Joseph Harriman, 
 Stephen Harriman, 
 Joshua Harriman, 
 Henry Haseltine, 
 
 Edmand Hale, 
 William Johnson, 
 Thomas Johnson, 
 Nathaniel Johnson, 
 John Johnson, 
 Cornelius Johnson, 
 Jonathan Johnson, 
 Daniel Johnson Jur, 
 Wid Mary Kimball, 
 Samuel Kimball, 
 Jonathan Roberts, 
 Jonathan Stevens, 
 Moses Stevens, 
 Samuel Smith, 
 Nathaniel Smith, 
 Thomas Worthen, 
 Samuel Worthcn, 
 William Whitiker, 
 David Wliitiker, 
 John Pollord, 
 Nathaniel Tucker, 
 Samuel Brown, 
 John Steward, 
 Benjamin Stone, 
 Nathaniel Johnson Jur, 
 John Chase, 
 Humphrey Chase, 
 Moses Morgin, 
 Joseph Johnson, 
 Moses Jaekman, 
 Benjamin Pettingall, 
 John French, 
 Nathall Gatchell, 
 Nathan Haseltine, 
 Nathaniel Green, 
 Nathaniel j)hersen. 
 
 We have not been able to find a list of the Polls in the AVest Parish, in 
 1741. The nearest we can get, is 1745, But as, in all probability, very few 
 changes were made in that part of the town in the interim, and as we are 
 desirous to complete, as near as may be, a list of all the Polls in the town 
 at this period of its history, we give below the names in that parish for 
 1745. They are as follows : — 
 
 Decon Peter Aycr, Lut Thomas Bayley, 
 
 Doct William Ayer, Dec Joseph Bradley, 
 
 Simon Ayer, Amos Bayley, 
 
 Jacob Ayer, Ebenezar Brown, 
 
 Neamiah Bradley, 
 William Bayley, 
 Ebcnezer Bayley, 
 John Buck, 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 Slo 
 
 "Jeremiah Bayley, 
 Huinphrey Bajley, 
 William Bormiin, 
 Cor Edward Carlcton, 
 Peter Carlton, 
 Nathaniel Clement, 
 John Corliss, 
 Thomas Corliss, 
 John Corliss Jr, 
 Samuel Currier, 
 Nathaniel Clement Jr, 
 Nathaniel Chase, 
 Samuel Clement, 
 James Cook, 
 Joseph Corliss, 
 Nathaniel Duston, 
 Jonathan Duston, 
 Nathaniel Duston Jr, 
 Thomas Eatton, 
 James Eatton, 
 Joshua Emery, 
 Timothy Emerson, 
 Samuel Emerson, 
 Joseph Emerson jr, 
 John Emerson, 
 Mical Emerson, 
 Joseph Emerson tr, 
 Jonathan Emerson, 
 Stephen Emerson, 
 Jonathan Eatton, 
 Jonathan Emerson Jr, 
 Obadiah Emerson, 
 Peter Emerson, 
 
 Joseph Emerson 4th, 
 Ithamor Emerson, 
 Samuel Gage, 
 Stephen Gage, 
 Capt Philip Hasltinc, 
 Dec Samuel Hasltine, 
 Thomas Haines, 
 Joseph Haines, 
 Samuel Hutchiugs, 
 Joseph Hutchings, 
 Nathan Hutchings, 
 Joseph Heseltine. 
 Samuel Hutchings Jr, 
 Jeremiah Heseltine, 
 Jonathan Haines, 
 James Haseltine, 
 Nathaniel Haseltine, 
 John Haseltine, 
 Eldad Ingalls, 
 John Kezzer 
 Ens Daniel Ladd, " 
 Ens John Eadd, 
 Daniel Ladd Jr, 
 Timothy Ladd, 
 Nathaniel Marble, 
 Epheram Marsh, 
 Samuel Marble, 
 Jonathan 3Iarble, 
 John Marble, 
 Joseph Merrile, 
 Wide Ruth Merriel, 
 Andrew Mitchel, 
 Cap James Mitchel, 
 
 Phillip Mitchel, 
 William Mitchel, 
 John Mitchel, 
 Nathaniel Merriel, 
 Timothy Messer, 
 Benjamin Hilton, 
 James Nimock, 
 Edward Ordiway, 
 Thomas Page, 
 Thomas Page Jr, 
 Beuiamian Pa tec, 
 Samuel Standley, 
 Mathew Standley, 
 John Silver, 
 John Silver Jr, 
 Samuel Silver, 
 John Smith, 
 John Stwai'd, 
 Nathan Webster, 
 Thomas Webster, 
 Jonathan Webster, 
 Stephen Webster, tr 
 Samuel Webster, 
 Nathaniel Webster, 
 Stephen Whiteier, 
 Samuel Whiteier, 
 Samuel Watts, 
 Stephen Webster, 
 Ebenezer Webster, 
 Daniel Williams, 
 John Watts Jr, 
 Stephen Webster Jr, 
 Baracrah Varnon. 
 
 Previous to taking leave of our friends on the north of the line, who 
 wei'e thus suddenly, and without their consent, transferred to another 
 State jurisdiction, we can do no less than insert a brief sketch of their 
 subsequent history.'-' We commence with 
 
 Hampstcud. — This town is made up of two segments, one from Haver- 
 hill, the other from Amesbury, being cut off from those towns by the State 
 line in 1741. It was originally called Timherland, or Timberlane, on ac- 
 count of the abundance of its timber. 
 
 The Indians never made it a place of abode, if we except o.ic or two 
 who lived temporarily at " Angly Pond," in the northeast part of the town. 
 
 ^ Those pnrt'oiis of ILivi-rhMl and Amesbury wli'ch foil to the north of the new line, were soon after 
 incorporated by the General Court of New Hampshire into a Distriet, under the name of '•Haverhill 
 District," and contiaued to be known by that name until finally divided and incorporated into towns. 
 
316 HISTORY OP HATERHIll. • 
 
 The first famflies of white settlers were Ford, Heath, and Emerson, The 
 latter was from Haverhill, and settkd near a brook in the south part of 
 the town, where his descendants still reside. 
 
 From a petition of Eichard Hazzen to the General Court of New Hamp- 
 shire, under date of May, 1748, "in behalf of that part of Haverhill 
 District commonly called Timberland," we learn that " two thirds of Eev. ' 
 Mr. Cushing's hearers (exclusive of Timberland) live on the north side 
 of the Boundary line," and that in November, 1747, the district voted 
 that those on the north side should pay two hundred pounds as their pro- 
 portion of Mr. Cushing's salai-y, but at a legal meeting held afterward, the 
 inhabitants of Timberland were set off from Mr. Cushing's parish. He 
 therefore prayed for power to levy a rate for their own minister, which 
 was granted. 
 
 A meeting-house was built, and a minister settled'-' the same year, 
 (1748). Eev. Mr. Barnard, of Haverhill, preached the ordination ser- 
 mon. The first article in Mr. True's agreement, was, " That he should 
 have the parsonage lands, allotted by Haverhill to Timberlane, which was 
 sometimes called Haverhill District, but now Hampstead, for the first set- 
 tled minister."! 
 
 The town was incorporated by its present name, January 19, 1749. 
 
 Among the principal men of the new town, may be named Eichard Haz- 
 zen, Daniel Little, and Captain John Hazzen, all of whom were originally 
 from Haverhill. Eichard Hazzen, as will be seen from his petition in the 
 preceding chapter, removed to Hampstead during the border troubles. He 
 became one of the leading men of the town. In 1750, he surveyed, and 
 made a map, of the whole of the eastern coast, from the Merrimack to the 
 St. Croix rivers. After his death, his widow petitioned the General Court 
 of Massachusetts for aid. From her petition, we learn that Hazzen did 
 not receive the money previously voted him by that body. He died, 
 suddenly, on the road from Haverhill to Hempstead, in October, 1754. 
 
 Daniel Little was also a prominent man in the town. By the act of 
 incorporation, he was designated as the person to call the first town meet- 
 ing under the charter. Eev. Daniel Little, the first minister at Kennebunk, 
 Maine, was a son of the above. 
 
 Captain John Hazzen, was a nephew of Eichard, and a man of great 
 enterprise. After living several years in Hampstead, he went, as leader 
 
 o Eev. Henry True. 
 
 t The Church was not organized, however, until June 3, 1752. Sixty-eight persons united in its forma- 
 tion, fifteen of whom were from the first church in Haverhill. 
 
HISTOEY OF HAVERHILt. 317 
 
 of a company, to settle a new town in northern New Hampshire, on the 
 Connecticut, and had the address to have the town named for his own 
 place of nativity — Haverhill. 
 
 Captain Hazzen was an officer in the old French War, and stood high 
 in the estimation of government. Expecting a charter of a township in 
 the " Coos," if he made a settlement therein, he, in 1761, sent on his cat- 
 tle, with two men, Michael Johnston and John Pettie, (both also of Haver- 
 hill, Massachusetts,) to commence such a settlement. In the spring of 
 1762, Captain Hazzen went on himself, with hands and materials for build- 
 ing a saw-mill and a grist-mill." 
 
 It appears that Kingston claimed that part of Hampstead called Ames 
 hury Peak, and, in 1760, writ after writ was served upon them to recover. 
 It was finally settled in 1764, by giving Kingston "$1000 old tenor," 
 and a grant of a new township near the Connecticut, which was called 
 Unity, as it made Peace. 
 
 Plaistow. — This town, a large part of which was originally a part of 
 Haverhill, was incorporated as a town, February 28, 1749. Among its 
 first settlers, who were nearly all Haverhill men, may be mentioned Cap- 
 tain Charles Bartlett and Nicholas White, Esq., both of whom were men 
 of considerable prominence. Its first church was that of the Eev. Mr. 
 Gushing, which fell a few rods to the north of the State line in 1741. 
 
 Atkinson was set off from Plaistow, in 1767, and incorporated September 
 3d of the same year. It was named in honor of the Hon. Theodore Atkin- 
 son, a large landholder in the town, and one of the principal men of the 
 
 ® Among those who accompanied him at this time, was Colonel Joshua Howard, of this town, then 
 twenty-t^\o years of age. (1) Johnston was drowned the same season, while descending the Connecticut, 
 
 (1) He died in Haverhill, N. H., in 1839, aged ninety-nine years, 
 on a visit to his friends, and was buried on a small island, since known as Johnston's Island." Colonel 
 Charles Johnston, (brother of the above,) Jesse Harriman, Thomas Johnson, David Merrill, and Ezekiel 
 Ladd, all of Haverhill, were also among the earlier settlers of the new township. The latter afterward 
 became one of the principal men of the place, and occupied the most responsible positions. He married 
 Ruth Hutchins, also of Haverhill, and died in 1818, aged eighty years. 
 
 The wife of Mr. Ladd had seen and tasted some of the refinements of life, and in after years she often 
 related her extreme mortification on the first Sabbath she attended meeting at her new home. She had 
 been recently married, and thinking she must appear as well as any of her neighbors, she put on her 
 wedding silks, with muffled cufts, extending from the shoulder to the elbow, and there made fast by bril- 
 liant sleeve buttons. She wore silk hose, and florid shoes. Her husband, also, appeared iu his best, and 
 they took theii- seats early in the sanctuary. But, as she said, " they went alone, sat alone, and returned 
 alone ; " for it was not possible for her to get near enough to any of the women to hold conversation with 
 them. They were actually afraid of her, and kept at a safe distance lest they should spoil her dress. The 
 next Sabbath she appeared in a clean check-linen dress, with other articles in accordance, and found no 
 difiScnlty in making the acquaintance of her neighbors, who proved to be sociable and warm hearted friends. 
 Mr. Ladd afterward became widely known as "Judge Ladd," and was highly respected and beloved.2 
 
 2 Hist. Sketches Coos Co. p. 45. 
 
318 HISTORY OV HAVERHILL. 
 
 province. Previous to its incorporation, it was sometimes called Neio 
 Castle. Settlements were made within the town's limits as early as 1727 
 or 1728. The first permanent settlers were Jonathan and Edmund Page, 
 and John Dow, — all of Haverhill. 
 
 Nathaniel Cogswell, who for between thirty and forty years was a mer- 
 chant in- Haverhill, was among its first principal men. ■' The land for the 
 first meeting-house was given by him. He was born in Ipswich, in 1707, 
 and married Judith, a daughter of Joseph Badger, of Haverhill. Out of 
 his nineteen children, he gave eight sons to the service of the Revolution, 
 who performed collectively thirty-eight years of service, and all survived 
 the war ! All of his children .were baptised in the first church at Haver- 
 hill.f Mr. Cogswell was a man of large means, as well as patriotism, and 
 loaned much money to his town to expend for the American cause. 
 
 The first minister in Atkinson was the Rev. Stephen Peabody, of Ando- 
 ver, Massachusetts, who was ordained November 25, 1772, at which time 
 a church was formed. J He died in 1819, aged seventy-eight. 
 
 Stephen Peabody Webster, of Haverhill, was the first person who en- 
 tered college from Atkinson Academy. He was afterward Clerk of the 
 Courts of Grafton County ; a Representative, Senator, and Councillor. He 
 for many years taught the Academy at Haverhill, N. H., and died there. 
 
 Ezekiel Little was born in the West Parish of Haverhill, in 1762; 
 graduated at Harvard College, in 1784 ; taught school in Boston for many 
 years ; was author of an arithmetic called The Usher, published at Exeter, 
 in 1799 ; and during the latter part of his life resided at Atkinson, where 
 he died in 1840, aged seventy-seven years. 
 
 The first couple published in Atkinson were David Clement of Haverhill, 
 and Dilley Ladd of Atkinson, in October, 1767. 
 
 " He was a descendant of John Cogs^iell, a merchant of London, vilao came to Ipswich in lC3o, and was 
 made a freeman in 1636. On his passage to this country he was wrecked, at Pcmcquid, Me. He died 
 November 29, 16G9, leaving a wife and seven children. 
 
 t Joseph Cogswell, who died at Tamworth, N. H., in 1851, was the last survivor of this large family 
 of children. 
 
 X Rev. Mr. Peabody married, first, Polly Haseltinc, of Bradford, and second, Mrs. Elizabeth widow of 
 Rev. John Shaw, of Haverhill. The latter was sister of the wife of the first President Adam8. She mar- 
 ried Shaw in 1777, and Peabody in 179o. There is a gener.nlly credited tradition, that Mr. Peabody had 
 consulted Mrs. Shaw, but a short time before her first husband's death, in regard to his own "lone" con- 
 dition, and asked her advice as to the most suitable person to "share his joys and his sorrows." A par- 
 ticular candidate for such a partnership was recommended and agi-ecd to, but before sufficient t'mc had 
 elapsed to consult the third party, Mr. Shaw suddeiily died, and, in his zeal to console the bereaved widow 
 Mr. Peabody entirely forgot the claims of the original candidate, and was so soon announced as the 
 " happy man," that it was even whispered that the previous decision was revised on the day of the 
 fuaeral. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 319 
 
 Salem was incorporated as a District soon after the State line was run, 
 in 1741, and as a Town, in 1750. In our search among the papers in the 
 State Archives of New Hampshire, we found several interesting documents 
 relating to the incorporation of that town. The first is a petition (with- 
 out date, but probably 1746,) from thirty-one of the inhabitants of the 
 west part of Haverhill District, praying to be set off into a new parish or 
 town.'-"' Following the above, is a petition from thirty-four of the inhabi- 
 tants of the same locality, praying that they may not be set off, as above. 
 They say there are sixty or seventy families settled in the district referred 
 to ; that they have been to a very gTcat expense in building a meeting- 
 house, and settling a minister ; and though they do not object to a new 
 toicn, they pray not to be disturbed as to their parish concerns.f After 
 this comes a petition from Jiffy-nine of the inhabitants of the Haverhill 
 District, praying for the new town, or parish. This evidently turned the 
 scale and an act of incorporation was granted soon afterward. 
 
 The first church formed in that part of Salem once belonging to Haver- 
 hill, was organized in 1740, and before the State line was run. Eev. 
 Abner Bailey was the first minister, and was ordained the same year. He 
 died in 1798. 
 
 Policy Pond, which lies partly in Salem and partly in Windham, was 
 formerly called " Haverhill Pond." A tract of land granted to Picv. Mr. 
 Higginsou, by the General Court, in 1715, began "upon said pond," and 
 ran south " upon Haverhill Line," 730 poles to a tree " standing in Hav- 
 erhill Line." 
 
 ° Among the names of the petitioners we noticed those of Thomas, Samuel, Caleb and Ohadiah Duston. 
 t Among these petitioners were eight by the name of Page, six named Knights, and four named Koyes. 
 
318 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 province. Previous to its incorporation, it was sometimes called Kew 
 Castle. Settlements were made within the town's limits as early as 1727 
 or 1728. The first permanent settlers were Jonathan and Edmund Page, 
 and John Dow, — all of Haverhill. 
 
 Nathaniel Cogswell, who for between thirty and forty years was a mer- 
 chant in- Haverhill, was among its first principal men.'-^ The land for the 
 first meeting-house was given by him. He was born in Ipswich, in 1707, 
 and married Judith, a daughter of Joseph Badger, of Haverhill. Out of 
 his nineteen children, he gave eight sons to the service of the Pievolution, 
 who performed collectively thirty-eight years of service, and all survived 
 the war ! All of his children .were baptised in the first church at Haver- 
 hill. f Mr. Cogswell was a man of large means, as well as patriotism, and 
 loaned much money to his town to expend for the American cause. 
 
 The first minister in Atkinson was the Eev. Stephen Peabody, of Ando- 
 ver, Massachusetts, who was ordained November 25, 1772, at which time 
 a church was formed. J He died in 1819, aged seventy-eight. 
 
 Stephen Peabody Webster, of Haverhill, was the first person who en- 
 tered college from Atkinson Academy. He was afterward Clerk of the 
 Courts of Gi-afton County ; a Eepresentative, Senator, and Councillor. He 
 for many years taught the Academy at Haverhill, N. H., and died there. 
 
 Ezekiel Little was born in the West Parish of Haverhill, in 1762; 
 graduated at Harvard College, in 1784 ; taught school in Boston for many 
 years ; was author of an arithmetic called The Usher, published at Exeter, 
 in 1799 ; and during the latter part of his life resided at Atkinson, where 
 he died in 1840, aged seventy-seven years. 
 
 The first couple published in Atkinson were David Clement of Haverhill, 
 and Dilley Ladd of Atkinson, in October, 1767. 
 
 ** He was a descendant of John Cogswell, a merchant of London, who came to Ipswich in 1G35, and was 
 made a, freeman in 1636. On his passage to this country he was wrecked, at Pcmcquid, Me. He died 
 November 29, 1GC9, leaving a wife and seven children. 
 
 t Joseph Cogswell, who died at Tamworth, N. H., in 1851, was the last survivor of this large family 
 of children. 
 
 X Eev. Mr. Peahody married, first, Polly Haseltine, of Bradford, and second, Mrs. Klizabetli, widow of 
 Rev. John Shaw, of Haverhill. The latter was sister of the wife of the first President Adams. She mar- 
 ried Shaw in 1777, and Peabody in 1795. There is a generally credited tradition, that Mr. Peabody had 
 consulted Mrs. Shaw, hut a short time before her first husband's death, in regard to his own "lone " con- 
 dition, and asked her advice as to the most suitable person to "share his joys and his sorrows." A par- 
 ticular candidate for such a partnership was recommended and agreed to, but before sufficient time had 
 elapsed to consult the third party, Mr. Shaw suddenly died, and, in his zeal to console the bereaved widow 
 Mr. Peabody entirely forgot the claims of the original candidate, and was so soon announced as the 
 " happy man," that it was even whispered that the previous decision was revised on the day of the 
 funeral. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 319 
 
 Salem was incorporated as a District soon after the State line was run, 
 in 1741, and as a Town, in 1750. In our scarcli among the papers in the 
 State Archives of New Hampshire, wc found several interesting documents 
 relating to the incorporation of that town. The first is a petition (with- 
 out date, but probably 1746,) from thirty-one of the inhabitants of the 
 west part of Haverhill District, praying to be set off into a new parish or 
 town.''-' Following the above, is a petition from thirty-four of the inhabi- 
 tants of the same locality, praying that they may not be set off, as above. 
 They say there are sixty or seventy families settled in the district referred 
 to ; that they have been to a very great expense in building a meeting- 
 house, and settling a minister ; and though they do not object to a new 
 toivn, they pray not to be disturbed as to their parish concerns.f After 
 this comes a petition from jiffy-nine of the inhabitants of the Haverhill 
 District, praying for the new town, or parish. This evidently turned the 
 scale and an act of incorporation was granted soon afterward. 
 
 The first church formed in that part of Salem once belonging to Haver- 
 hill, was organized in 1740, and before the State line was run. Eev. 
 Abuer Bailey was the first minister, and was ordained the same year. He 
 died in 1798. 
 
 Policy Pond, which lies partly in Salem and partly in Windham, was 
 formerly called " Haverhill Pond." A tract of land granted to Piev. Mr. 
 Higginson, by the General Court, in 1715, began "upon said pond," and 
 ran south " upon Haverhill Line," 730 poles to a tree " standing in Hav- 
 erhill Line." 
 
 ^ Among the names of the petitioners we noticed those of Thomas, Samuel, Caleb and Obadiah Duston, 
 t Among these iietitioners were eight by the name of Page, six named Knights, and four named Noyes. 
 
320 HISTOKY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 CHAPTEE XX. 
 1742 TO 1765. 
 
 We liave already noticed, under date of 1734, tte unsuccessful attempt 
 of tte inhabitants of the easterly part of the town to be set off into a sep- 
 arate parish. We do not find that a second effort was made until 1743, 
 when they were more fortunate than on the previous occasion, as will be 
 seen from the following, which we copy from the original documents in the 
 Archives of the State : — 
 
 " To his Excy Wm Shirley Esq. Captain Genl & Govr in Chief over his 
 Majesty's provence of the Massachusetts Bay in New Engd. and to the 
 honble his Majesty's Council, and to the honble House of Eepresentves in 
 Genl Court assembled May 25. A D 1743. 
 
 The petition of Us the Subscribers being Freeholders & Inhabitants of 
 the Easterly part of the oldest or first Parish in Haverhill, humbly shew- 
 eth — That the Meeting House now standing in said Parish was built in the 
 year 1699, & then set suitable to accomodate the whole Town, for then 
 the whole Town were but one Parish & about the year 1723 or 4 this Court 
 was pleased to set off the Westerly part of the Town of Haverhill with 
 divers of the Inhabitants into a Town called Methuen, & about the year 
 1730 this Court was pleased to set off a Parish on the Northerly part of 
 the Town of Haverhill, & about the year 1734 this Court was pleased to 
 set off a parish at the Westerly End of the then remaining or oldest Par- 
 ish in Haverhill. 
 
 And now, please your Excy & Hours, the Meeting House now in the 
 old Parish stands but a mile at furthest off the West Parish Line, & 
 the said Meeting House stands near six miles from the East End of said 
 Parish, & we have petitioned to the said Parish for some Ease in this 
 affair, & no help can be obtained as your Excy & Hours may plainly see 
 
 by Copies herewith exhibited Therefore your poor Petrs pray that 
 
 this honble Court would appoint a Committee to go & view the whole 
 Parish, & make Eeport to this Court whether it be not just & proper to 
 divide the whole Parish into two equal halves or distinct Parishes by 
 themselves, & to afiix a Line between them, or otherwise to provide for the 
 Ease & Eelief of j^our poor Petrs in the Case as your Excy & Hours shall 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 321 
 
 in your "Wisdom & wonted G-oodncss think best, so shall your poor dis- 
 tressed Pctrs ever pray as in duty bound &c. 
 
 Nathaniel pcaslec, 
 Joseph Grele, 
 Thos Cjttle, 
 John George, 
 Roab3n Carrier, 
 Goorge Smteler, 
 Joseph Tyler, 
 Petor Green, 
 Nathaniel page, 
 Timothy Eaton, 
 ]\Io3cs Eatton, 
 ' Abraham page, 
 Samuel Smith, 
 Z^ihariah Hannaford, 
 Lewis page, 
 Caleb Carrier, 
 Ptjbort Hastings Jun, 
 Georg H is tings. 
 Joseph Kelly Juu, 
 
 John' Morrison, 
 Green whicher, 
 Pjenjamin Davis, 
 Jacob Sanders, 
 Hamphrcy Chas, 
 John Chase, 
 Robert Hunkins Jun, 
 Thomis Hankins, 
 Ebcnezer Colby, 
 Richard Colby, 
 Isaac CoUn', 
 Samuel Ela, 
 Israel Ela, 
 James Sanders, 
 Robert Hastings, 
 Joseph Kelly, 
 Ephraim Davis, 
 Simeon Brown, 
 John Sanders, 
 
 'John Sanders, 
 James Bradbury, 
 Robert Hunkins, 
 Abner Ches, 
 Antony Colby, 
 Daniel Ela, 
 Benjamin page, 
 Ezekiel page, 
 James holgatc, 
 William Georg, 
 Gideon George, 
 Jonathan Tyler, 
 Jonathan Tyler Jr, 
 Samuel Davis, 
 Samuel D:;vis Junr, 
 Jacob Chase, 
 John Swett, 
 Ebenezer Whitticr. 
 
 June 1, 1743, the above petition was read in the House of Representa- 
 tives, and the petitioners were ordered to serve the first parish with a copy 
 of the petition, " that they may shew cause (if any they have) why the 
 prayer thereof should not be granted." 
 
 June 9th, a meeting was called to consider the matter, and Joshua Bay- 
 ley and Captain James Pearsons were chosen a committee to make answer 
 to the General Court in behalf of " the old parish." The following is 
 their answer : — 
 
 "To His Excellency William Shirley Esrj^r Governor and Commander 
 in Chief in and over His Majesties Province of the Massachusetts Bay in 
 New England : And to the Honorble His Majesties Council and Honorble 
 House of Representatives in Generall Court assembled at Boston June yc 
 14th 1743.— 
 
 The Answer of the first or Oldest Parish in the Town of Haverhill, to 
 the Petition of the Inhabitants of the Easterly part of said Parish, hum- 
 bly shewcth. — 
 
 That we dont pretend to deny but that the Meeting House in said Parish 
 was erected in ye year 1G99, and was then Suitable to accomodate the 
 whole Inhabitants who were Settled, tho it was by no moans near the cen- 
 ter of the Town : We are also rendy to own that a great part of Methuen 
 was taken out of the Westerly Part of Haverhill, in yc year 1724. — 
 41 
 
322 fliSTORY 01" HAVERHlIit. 
 
 That in the year 1730 an other Parish was set off "by the name of the^ 
 North Parish, And in the year 1734, an other Parish -was set off by the 
 name of the West Parish, the said Parishes being north and west of our 
 Meeting house. * 
 
 But that they have petitioned the Parish for ease in the affair and could 
 obtain no help we absolutely deny, for that it may please your Excellency 
 and Honours they were at their requests in the year 1734 set off into a 
 distinct and Separate Parish by a vote of the Parish & a line aflSxt be- 
 tween us as they desired, but many of the Inhabitants on the Easterly side 
 of that'line being against being a Parish. "When the others petitioned 
 this Great & Honourable Court to be vested with the powers and privi- 
 ledges of a Parish it was denyed them, & they were turned back to the 
 old Parish againe. 
 
 We would farther humbly suggest to your Excellency and Honours that 
 such persons who live in the Easterly part of the Parish & have made 
 proper application, have been eased of their Burthen & charge. 
 
 We your Eespondents begg leave further to add that in the month of May 
 last there was a vote passed to divide ye Parish, and a line was fixt which 
 we hoped might make a peace in the Parish (tho at the same time we are 
 humbly of opinion that the whole Parish will make but Two verry lean 
 Parishes when divided) & we set off all such persons and their estates who 
 ware desirous to go to the new proposed Parish, Except two or three men- 
 tioned below, all tenants but one, but we could not but think it a verry 
 great hardship to force any from us who were desirous to tarry with us, 
 more espetially if they must go farther to the new Meeting-house then to 
 come to the Old One, and we are yet Humbly of the same Opinion & think 
 they had no ground for such complaint. May it please your Excellencies 
 and Honours, it appears to us that we have been tenderly thoughtful in 
 what we have done relating to a divisional line, having set off near one 
 half of the Land & near Sixty Families, yea all that have desired it ex- 
 cept two or three men which by our own Act may go with their estates to 
 the new Parish if they please. 
 
 Upon the whole we hope that your Excellencies & Honours will not 
 think it needful to send up a Comittee or to force any from the Old Parish 
 that cannot be willing to be parted from it. 
 
 We beg that your Excellencies and Honours will be pleased to have a 
 tender regard to the Old Parish that was once the Center of a verry large 
 Town is now become (by the loss of almost all Methuen & three separate 
 Parishes) to be verry small. We would further observe to your Excellencies 
 & Honours that altho the Easterly part of old Parish was set off in the year 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 323 
 
 1734: & a line fixt nearer to the old Meeting House than the dividing line 
 fixt in May last, which was occationed by the West Parish (not then set 
 off) Joyning with the Eastermost part of the said old Parish & affixed the 
 line where they pleased which had not been done had the West Parish 
 been set off first. On the whole we humbly begg that your Excellencies 
 & Honours will be pleased to do that for us which in your great wisdome 
 shall be thought best for us, and your humble Kespondents as in duty 
 bound shall ever pray &c. 
 
 Joshua Bayley ) Committee for & behalf of the 
 James Pearson J old Parish in Haverhill." 
 
 June 14th, these petitions were read in the House of Representatives, 
 and in Council, and a committee was appointed to visit Haverhill, view 
 the parish, hear the parties, and report. 
 
 , September 9 th, the committee reported in favor of the petitioners for 
 the new parish, and it was accordingly set off. The dividing line was the 
 same as the present 
 
 The town having been divided into parishes, a proposition was made to 
 divide the parsonage lands among them, but it was not agreed to. 
 
 The following interesting paragraphs, relating to the easterly part of the 
 town, we copy from Mirick : — 
 
 " The house of Dr. H. Brown, at Holt's Eocks, was destroyed by fire 
 on the 22d of January (1743), and his daughter, aged 23 years, and a 
 young man who was then living with him, a son of D. Currier, were burnt 
 to death. Their remains were interred in a field, now overgrown with 
 trees, owned by John Johnson Esq., and grave-stones erected to their 
 memory. But they are thrown down and so broken and defaced, that the 
 letters are nearly illegible. With the assistance of Mr. Johnson, we found 
 them, lying flat on the ground, and nearly concealed from view. It is a 
 very romantic situation, on the side of a hill covered with young sycamores, 
 and which slopes gently until it reaches the Merrimack. This gentleman 
 also informs us that other persons, principally infants, were buried in the 
 same place ; but no monuments were erected to their memory, and 
 the mounds have totally disappeared. 
 
 The little village at the Eocks, increased very slowly. We were in- 
 formed by Mr. Phineas Nichols, a venerable gentleman, 94 years of age, 
 that there were but four houses in 1750, and that he could distinctly re- 
 member them. They were owned and occupied by Dr. Brown, John Swett, 
 Joseph Burrill, and Mr. Nichols's father. Dr. Brown moved to Fryburg, 
 Maine, soon after,-' 
 
S24 HISTORY OF HATERniLL. 
 
 From the proprietor's records, of Novcniler21, 1743, wc learn that Ed- 
 ward Flvnt had leave granted him " to finish a vessel he had put up on the 
 banks of the river near his house," and also to put up any others during 
 the proprietors' pleasure. This is the first mention v^e find of ship-Luild- 
 ing since the petition of Springer, ten years before. 
 
 From the same records, tvc learn that John Ayer had recently built a 
 " tan-house," en land given him by the prcprietcrs for Ihat juipcsc, " in 
 the rear of his father's garden,""' and had also built a bridge across the 
 stream near it. In consideration that he -nould forever keep the bridge 
 in repair, the proprietors granted him the piece of land west of his tan- 
 house. 
 
 By a vote of the town, the parsonage land was, in 1744, divided into 
 lots. A highway, two and a half rods wide, was laid out through the 
 lots " to near the mouth of Little River, and over said river." The ex- 
 pense of the bridges was to come out of the sala of the lots. This high- 
 way was that now cfilled Merrimack Street. The lots were laid out on the 
 north side of it, and numbered from east to west, the lot cornering on 
 Mei-rimack and Main Streets (known these many years as " "White's Cor- 
 ner,") being " Lot Number One." 
 
 The width of the highway through these lots forms a striking contrast 
 to that of the road frcm Sr.ndcis' Hill to the Merrimack aliove Holt's 
 Piocks, which was laid out among the first in the town. The latter was 
 twcli-e reds wide. This extreme width, however, became in time the cause 
 of a deal of trouble to the town, and about the time of which we now 
 write, the " twelve rod way" was almost continually before the town meet- 
 ing's. It was finally (1754) narrowed down to four rods in width, and the 
 surplus, amounting to nineteen acres and eighty-two rods, sold to various 
 persons along the line of the road. 
 
 The setting up of ship-builders in town seems to have been 'followed, as 
 a matter of course, by the establishment of more hlaclcsmiths. Thus wc 
 find that, soon after Springer was allowed to set up the business, in 1733, 
 John Gage petitioned the proprietors for liberty to set a blacksmith's shop 
 near the river, — which was granted ; and no sooner had Flynt received 
 permission to establish a ship-yard, than Edmund Greenleaf applied' for 
 liberty to set up a blacksmith's shop near the same, — which was also 
 granted. 
 
 Having erected a mccting-house, and settled a minister, the East Parish 
 immediately applied to the town for some laud for a p:irsonage, which was 
 
 o Near the west end of Aycr's (uow Plug) Toad. - 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERniLL. 825 
 
 granted the following . spring (1745). The land thus laid out to them 
 was valued at " £1200 old tenor." 
 
 Thomas Cottle petitioned the town, in 1745, for liberty to establish a 
 ferry near his house ; and as he represented that the ferry might " be sar- 
 vicablc to the town and other travailcrs," and offered to ferry (he town's 
 people one-fourth cheaper than strangers, his petition was granted. This 
 made the number of ferries across the Merrimack at that time, bctweeuthe 
 village and Holt's Eocks, no less than five, viz. : — Swett's, at Holt's 
 Eocks ; Cottle's at the mouth of East Meadow Eiver (Cottle's Creek) ; 
 Pattee's, near the present house of David Nichols ; Mulikin's, where the 
 chain ferry now is. and Griffin's, nearly opposite the foot of the present 
 Liudell Sti'cet, at the village. 
 
 In 1740, the town voted to exempt the first, or "old" parish, from 
 paying anything for any other school in town, provided they would keep a 
 grammar school constantly in their own parish, at their own expense. 
 
 At this period, the rates, or taxes, were made out in "lists," and placed 
 in the hands of collectors, who were usually constables.'- As each man 
 paid, his name was checked, and sometimes, (if he was particular to re- 
 quire it) he also received the collector's written receipt. The amount on 
 each collector's book, or list, was charged to him, and he was obliged to 
 pay the whole amount into the treasury, within a reasonable time, ivhether 
 lis had collected it or not. The only way in which he could dispose of a 
 hard customer's tax, was, either to collect it in some way, or pay it out of 
 his own pocket, or induce the town, by a special vote, to "forgive" him 
 the amount. At first, the collectors were not allowed any pay whatever 
 for their services ; and it was not until 17£0 that a regular commission 
 was given them. It was then voted to allow them a " Poundage of Four 
 Pence on Twenty Shillings." 
 
 That the office was no sinecure, is seen from the fact that for more than a 
 hundred years the town's rule was, that if a man was chosen constable, he 
 must either "stand," procure a substitute acceptable to the town, or pay 
 a fine of five pounds, unless he was " excused," which was not common. 
 We could probably fill an entire page with the names of those who took 
 the last-named horn of the dilemma. 
 
 After the town was divided into parishes, each parish collected its own 
 minister tax, in its own way. The First Parish freejuently collected its 
 minister tax in the following manner: — A contribution, as it was called, 
 
 ° For many years thsre wms only one constabi'', or cullcctor, iii the town. Altirward, two were cliosm 
 — one for the portion eastof the Little Eivcr, the other fur that ou the west. Still latci-, one was chosen 
 for each Forish. 
 
326 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 was taken every SabbatH afternoon, when any person who wished to pay 
 his tax in this manner, had liberty to pay such a sum as he pleased. Each 
 person was ordered to fold his money in a paper, and write his name and 
 the amount within. A person was yearly appointed to receive these mon- 
 ies, and pass the amount to the credit of the name within written. If no 
 name was written within the paper, it was considered as a free gift to the 
 minister, and was disposed of as such. In the early days of the Colony, 
 the contribution was usually made by each going up to the " Deacons' 
 seat," and depositing his offering. The magistrates and the chief men led 
 off, and the others followed in order, down to the youngest, and the hum- 
 blest. This custom declined about 1665. 
 
 The following brief list of names of persons residing in this town, in 
 1747, with the trade or occupation of each, is compiled from various papers 
 in the State Archives, and is not without interest. We introduce it, as 
 we introduce many other lists of names, principally for th^ purpose of 
 aiding those who may be interested in tracing the genealogy and history 
 of families : — 
 
 James Pecker, an a Potacary, Jonathan Webster, Hatter, 
 
 Edmond Mors, a Shoemaker or Cord- Andrew Frink, Shipwrite, 
 
 winder, « Nathaniel Knolton, Tayler, 
 
 Daniel Appleton, Joyner, Mr Trask, Brick-Layer, 
 
 James Parson, Husbandman. Ebenezer Hale, Cordwinder, 
 
 John Byenton, Black Smith, William Hancock, farmer, 
 
 grant Webster, Marchant, 
 
 The year 1748. was another year of trouble in our town affairs, as will 
 be seen from the array of documents which follow. 
 
 At the annual meeting, March 1st, Nathaniel Peaslee was declared 
 chosen moderator, whereupon Samuel White and fifteen others, protested 
 against his officiating, on the ground that "he was not chosen according 
 to Law." After vainly attempting to have the proceedings conducted 
 *' according to law," the disaffected retired from the meeting, and those 
 who remained proceeded to choose the other officers, and transact the other 
 business of the town. 
 
 The "bolters " did not, however, rest quietly under the new adminis- 
 tration, but immediately petitioned the General Court, in substance, as 
 follows : — ■' 
 
 The meeting of March 1st was called to order by Nathaniel Peaslee, 
 one of the selectmen for the previous year, who ordered votes to be brought 
 
 " The petition ig dated March 3d, 1748, and signed by fifty-nine of the inhabitutti. 
 
HISTORY OF HATERHILL. 
 
 327 
 
 in for a moderator, and was himself elected, or chosen, by a majority of 
 two votes. The petitioners claimed that several votes were cast illegally, 
 and more than seven of them at the time "requested that the vote might 
 be decided by the Poll, but the Moderator refused to allow it," and de- 
 clared that the law of deciding votes by the Poll did not take place till 
 after a moderator was chosen. The petitioners claimed that persons were 
 allowed to vote at the meeting who were not qualified by law — were not 
 " Inhabitants nor Freeholders in said Town of Haverhill, nor even in the 
 Province of Massachusetts Bay, but in New Hampshire," and that the votes 
 of some who were qualified were refused. The petitioners therefore prayed 
 that some one might be appointed by the Court to look into the matter. 
 The following are the names of the petitioners : — 
 
 Henry Springer, 
 . Joseph Badger, 
 Nathaniel Walker, 
 Abner Kimball, 
 : Eichard Emerson, 
 Abraham Kimball, 
 ^ John Pecker, 
 vfames McHard, 
 Will'hancock, 
 Grant AVebtser, 
 John Sawyer, 
 Samuel White, 
 Benja Gale, 
 Joseph Patten, 
 Samll Appleton, 
 Samll White Jun, 
 Edmd Mooers, 
 Daniel Appleton, 
 John Smylie, 
 Samuel Johnson, 
 
 Edward Flint, - 
 James Pecker, 
 Nathaniel Johnson, 
 Eichard Harriman, 
 S_tep*hen Huse, 
 Stephen Harriman, 
 Joshua Sawyer, 
 Eichd Hazzen, 
 James Chase, 
 Nathaniel Eolfe, 
 Nathll Balch, 
 Andrew frink, 
 Peter Ayer, 
 Jacob Ayer, 
 Ithamor Emerson, 
 Simon Ayer, 
 Samuel Hasaltine, 
 Joshua Page, 
 John Gage, 
 Moses Clements, 
 
 John Cogswell, 
 Jacob Sanders, 
 John Sanders, 
 Nathll Sanders, 
 Samuel Ayer, 
 Thomas Haynes, 
 " John Hinkley, 
 David Ayer, 
 Nathaniel Knowlton, 
 Ebenezar Buck, 
 Jonathan Simones, 
 Daniel Davies, 
 Edmund Greenleaf, 
 Symonds Greenough, 
 William Greenleaf, 
 Ebenezer Hale, 
 Nathan Haseltine, 
 Jonathan W^ebster, 
 Andrew Mitchel. 
 
 From a certificate attached to the petition, it appears that the petition- 
 ers held a meeting, and chose John Sanders and Peter Ayer to present their 
 petition to the General Court. 
 
 Accompanying the petition, they sent fourteen depositions, signed by 
 twenty-eight of the other inhabitants of the town, in further support of 
 their charges. 
 
 Other reasons for declaring the doings of the meeting of March 1st 
 illegal are contained in a deposition of Joshua Sawyer, and others, under 
 date of September 17, 1748, of which the following is an extract : — 
 
 " There was not any List of Valuation Eead nor any List of Non 
 Voters nor any Wrighting of what name or nature Soever by which the 
 
328 
 
 •history of HAYEHniLL. 
 
 Selectmen did Pretend to Shew who was qualified by Law to Tote in Town 
 affairs nor who was not qualified to vote in Town affairs until after the 
 second time of Voting for the Moderator nor until some Considerable time 
 after Mr Nathaniel Peasle Had taken the Seat of and Officiated as Mod- 
 erator by Calling to the People to Bring in their Votes." 
 
 To the above mentioned jjetition, the selectmen of 1747 and 1748, and 
 others of the inhabitants, made reply in substance, as follows : — 
 
 The petition of Sanders and others contained false and abusive asser- 
 tions ; the petitioners were a number of uneasy persons, the greater part 
 of whom came lately from other towns to reside among them, and were 
 continually stirring up contentions in the town; that lately many of them 
 were engaged in a vile riot in town, for which some of them were to appear 
 before the Hon. Judge Berry, at Ipswich, on the day of the annual meet- 
 ing, had they not agreed with the man whom they had chiefly abused, 
 for a considerable sum of money ; that they took advantage of the great 
 depth of snow, and consequent inability of those living in the remote 
 parts of the town from coming to the meeting, to gain some advantage to 
 themselves ; that John Sanders was greatly prejudiced against moderator 
 Pcaslcc, because the latter had exposed and prevented the former from 
 obtaining more money from the Province than belonged to him, by a false 
 account ; the moderator was duly and Icgaly chosen, and had the Picv. 
 Mr. Barnard open the meeting with prayer ; and many of the petitioners 
 were not qualified to vote, and some were not even residents of the town. 
 
 The petition is dated March 28, 1748, and signed by 
 John Ladd, "i Selectmen 
 
 Jonathan Marsh, 
 Thomas Dustiu, 
 Barachias Faruham, 
 
 Eeuben Currier, 
 Amos Peaslcc, 
 Joseph Grcle, 
 Thomas Eatton, 
 Joseph Hascltin", 
 Nathaniel Chase, 
 Daniel Lad Jun, 
 Joseph Merrill, 
 Piichavd Bayley, 
 Daniel Johnson, 
 Samuel Webster, 
 John Gorge, 
 Samusl Whiticker, 
 David Whitickei', 
 
 for ye yr 
 
 A Dom 
 
 1747 
 
 John Ladd, ' 
 Thomas Johnson, 
 William Ayer, 
 
 "\ Selectmen 
 r for the 
 ( Year A Dom 
 ) 1748 
 
 Wm mitehel, 
 Jona mitehel, 
 William George, 
 Daniel Ela, 
 Lewis Page, 
 John Eatton, Town 
 Samuel Guild, 
 Thos Cottle, 
 moses Davis, 
 Joseph Tyler, 
 George Hastings 
 James Pike, 
 Samuel Pcaslec, 
 Ezra Chase, 
 
 Ebcnezer Colby, 
 John Chase, 
 Humphrey Chase, 
 Israel Ela, 
 Joseph Whittier, 
 Clerk James Gild, 
 
 Abraham Page, 
 Gideon George, 
 Jacob Ela, 
 Ephraim Marsh, 
 John Haseltino, 
 Jonathan Haynes, 
 Edward Carlcton, 
 Stephen Webster Jun, 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 329 
 
 Joseph Hutcliins, 
 Jci'emiali Baylej, 
 Timothy Emerson, 
 Ebenezer Bajley, 
 Thomas Page, 
 John Emerson, 
 Amos Bayley, 
 
 Stephen Whiticker, 
 Edwai'cl ordway, 
 Mieah Emrson, 
 Samuel Emerson, 
 Nehemiah Bradly, 
 Jonathan Emerson, 
 James Eatton, 
 
 Jonathan Emerson Jun, Daniel Meerie, 
 James Haseltine, Jonathan Marble, 
 
 John marbel, Nathaniel Webster, 
 
 Cornelius Johnson, 
 Saml Shepard, 
 James holgate, 
 Ebenezr Whittier, 
 John Green, 
 Eobart Hunkin jr, 
 John morrison, 
 benjamin greely, 
 Peter Green, 
 Maverick Johnson, 
 
 Under date of March 29th, 1748, we find a petition signed by twenty- 
 seven of the " freeholders & inhabitants," who therein declare that they 
 were not present at the annual meeting, on account of the great depth of 
 snow, but had heard of the proceedings, and prayed that the petition 
 of Sanders, and others, be not granted. The following names are attached 
 to this petition : — 
 
 Jonathan Duston Ju, 
 John Corlis, 
 Joseph Bradley, 
 Benjamin Clement, 
 Joseph Emerson, 
 "William Johnson, 
 Samuel Clements, 
 Daniel Lad, 
 Thomas Bayley, 
 
 John Edwards, 
 Joseph Kelly, 
 James Sanders, 
 Eobart Hunkins, 
 Samuel Ela, 
 Timothy Eatton, 
 Phillip Haseltine, 
 John Smith, 
 Nathan Webster, 
 
 Nathll Clement, 
 Thomas Corlis, 
 Joseph Dow, 
 Joseph Kelley Jr, 
 Samuel Davis Jr, 
 Moses Eatton, 
 Samuel Gage, 
 John Corlis Ju, 
 Moses Hazzen. 
 
 The committee to whom these several petitions were referred, re- 
 ported " that the town meeting held on the first day of March be sett 
 a side, & that the selectmen for the year 1747 grant a new Warrant 
 for the Choice of all ordinary- Town officers that Towns by Law are Ena- 
 hled to choose ; " the meeting to be held sometime in April. The report 
 was accepted. 
 
 A town meeting was accordingly convened, on the 26th of April, at 
 which the officers chosen March 1st, were all re-chosen, except, that 
 Thomas Duston was chosen a selectman in the place of Moses Clement. 
 This was not, however, in the opinion of " John Pecker and others," done 
 " according to law," and they promptly " dissented." 
 
 Soon after, (May 25, 1748,) Eichard Saltonstall, and forty-one others, 
 presented a memorial to the General Court, in which they set forth that 
 " the affairs of the second meeting were conducted with more wickedness 
 partiality and premeditated corruption than the first;" that the select- 
 men, (who were also assessors) "to cure their great Neglect in not 
 
 Valueing the Estates and faculties of the Inhabitants," had, after their 
 42 
 
830 
 
 HISTORY OF HAVEHHILI. 
 
 term of office Lad expired, made a pretended valuation, "by Trhict they 
 disqualified some of the opposite party, and admitted others who were 
 clear]}' not entitled to vote, -^ — all for the purpose of carrying their own 
 points in governing the choice of cfficcrs ; that the cause of all the un- 
 easiness among the inhabitants, was the belief that the selectmen, or seme 
 of them, had combined with the Town Treasurer, (who was also Town 
 Clerk) "to Imbezell large sums of the publick money & apply it to their 
 own use." They therefore prayed for a new meeting, to be presided over 
 by a disinterested moderator, and that the transactions of the last meeting 
 be set aside. 
 
 The following names are attached to the memorial : — 
 
 Eicha Saltonstall, 
 Joshua Bayley, 
 John Pecker, 
 John Sanders. 
 Nathll Sanders, 
 John Aver, 
 Jonathan Simonds, 
 Joseph Patten, 
 Eichd Hazzen, 
 !Nathel Balcb, 
 Jas Pecker, 
 Wm Brady, 
 Simon Ayer, 
 Abraham Kimball, 
 
 Will hancock, 
 Joshua Page, 
 Jacob Sanders, 
 Jno AVhite, 
 Samll Appleton, 
 Benja Gale, 
 Edmund Greenleaf, 
 Edmund ^looers, 
 Nathaniel Walker, 
 Jacob Ajer, 
 Nathaniel Eolfe, 
 Jonathan Webster, 
 James McHard, 
 Samuel White, 
 
 Eichard Emerson, 
 Grant AVebster, 
 Peter Ayer, 
 Joseph Badger, 
 Ithamar Emerson, 
 Nathaniel Knowlton, 
 Andrew frink, 
 John Boynton, 
 Stephen Huse, 
 Moses Clements, 
 Ebenezer Hale, 
 John Smjlie, 
 Nathan hesseltine. 
 
 The General Court ordered the petitioners to serve the selectmen and 
 moderator with a copy of their petition, and June 15th was assigned for 
 a hearing of the parties.-' On account of the sickness "of divers of the 
 principal persons," who subscribed the last mentioned petition, the hearing 
 was postponed to the next day, when a committee was appointed "to hear 
 the parties who are now in Town," and report.f The consideration was, 
 however, again postponed to September, when the committee reported that 
 the proceedings of the second meeting be set aside and declared null and 
 
 o The Soleclmen in their response to the General Court, on the memorial of Saltonstall, and others, 
 deny any attempt at partiality in accepting or refusing votes ; leave the Town Treasurer to vindicate 
 h'mscif; dcilare that all their oivn transactions in town affairs arc open for the town to examine ; and 
 close by declaring the memorial false and vexatious. 
 
 t We find a paper, dated Boston, Jnne 17, 17-18, and signed by the Selectmen on the one part, and 
 Nathaniel Saiiflers and Joseph Patten for the memorialists on the other part, agreeing for peace on the 
 following conditions : 
 
 The nicmorial'sts are to drop their petition on condition that a new town meeting he held, and that a 
 disinterested committee be chosen to settle with the Town Treasurer, on which committee no selectman or 
 member ox a former committee should be placed. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 331 
 
 void,. and a new meeting be called; and as no valuation had been taken 
 the present year, " according to Law," that the valuation of 1747 be the 
 rule for regulating the votes. The Court adopted the report, and appointed 
 John Choate, Esq., to be moderator of the meeting. 
 
 Accordingly, a meeting was holden on the 22d of November, when Mr. 
 Choate'' presided, and the same persons were for the third time chosen town 
 oncers ! But this time they were chosen " according to Law " ! 
 
 A proposition was made this year, but negatived, to build a school-house 
 in each parish. From this it would appear probable that the only school- 
 house then in town, was that in the village ; although, as we have seen, 
 the town had long before (1723) voted to build several others. This 
 supposition is strengthened by the fact that the next spring it was voted to 
 " sell the old school house." 
 
 From an answer of the " Proprietors of the Common Lands " to the 
 General Court, we learn that at this time (1748) a " Common Right " was 
 worth only three pounds, Old Tenor, and they were ready to sell at that 
 price. They say that when the old grants are all made good, they "dont 
 think one penny will fall to the Proprietors."! 
 
 During the French and English War of 1744-48, a number of Haver- 
 hill men were in active service. Several were at the taking of Louisburg, 
 in 1745, but as the muster rolls of that expedition omit the place of resi- 
 dence, or enlistment, of the men engaged in it, we are unable to give their 
 names. On the renewal of hostilities by the Eastern Indians, who, as 
 before, were found siding with the French, the provincial government sent 
 a large number of troops to the eastern country, among whom were several 
 Haverhill men. Of those stationed at Scarborough, in 1748, were nine 
 from this town. J Four of them continued in that service until the peace, 
 in the following year. 
 
 At the annual town meeting, for 1749, a proposition was made to hold 
 the town meetings one half of the time in the AYest Parish, and the other 
 half in the East Parish, — but it was promptly voted down. 
 
 ° Mr. Choate was a member of the General Court, from Ipswich. 
 
 t Peter Aver was an origin:iI iiroprictor, or owner, of two Common Eights, which descended to his five 
 daughters. One of h'.s daughters divided her proportion among her own four daughters.. 
 
 t Obadiah Perry, Corp., Thomas Stone, CD-mid Silver, 
 
 Thomis Wescomb, ~E!ienezer Brown, ll.irt Williams, t, 
 
 ''Job Gage, -Oliver Scales, Jonathan Duston. Sentinels. 
 
 These served from .\pril 8 to November 30, ITIS. Those designated by a " contiuued in the service 
 until August 8, 1T49. 
 
332 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 From tLe proprietors' records of March Gth, we mate the following 
 extract : — 
 
 "In answer to ye petition of sv\nclry of yc Inhabitants of ye Town of 
 Haverhill, (' to ye proprietors of Common & undivided lands in ye Town 
 of Haverhill & yt part of Methuen which was formerly -a pai-t of sd 
 Town of Haverhill ; together with yt part of Haverhill which falls within 
 ye province of new hampshirc, & commonly called Haverhill District ' ) 
 
 " ye sd proprietors agreed & voted yt all their Eight proprtee & Inter- 
 est y t they have in the land lying betwixt ye head of ye lotts & merrimack 
 Eiver from Capt John Pecker's wharfe down to ye plaine gate so called 
 (Excepting a road all along by ye head of ye lotts so wide as ye Town 
 shall think proper) be & hereby is given, granted & appropriated to ye 
 use & benefit of said town within ye Massachusetts, To be Disposed off 
 as the said Town shall see Cause ; with this proviso ; that the said Town 
 do Disalow & Discontinue the said road laid out by the selectmen from 
 Kent's lott down to ye plain gate on Februay 11. 1724—5 : 
 this above voted in the afl&rmativc 
 
 Moses Hazzen Entered his Disent against giveing or selling of any land 
 from Eichard Saltonstall's Esqr Down to the plaine gate. 
 
 Edward Flint Entered his Disent against Disposeing of any of ye way 
 or land before mentioned." 
 
 Pecker's wharf was near the mouth of Mill Brook ; and the Plain Gate, 
 as near as we can judge, was near the present house of Eev. Mr. Keely. 
 
 The summer of 1749 was remarkable, on account of a very severe 
 drought. This was attended with swarms of cateri:)illars, and other de- 
 vouring insects, and caused great distress in New England. The heat and 
 dryness was so severe, that the ground cracked in many places, and where 
 pieces of broken glass lay on the surface, it caught fire. Not more than 
 a tenth of the usual crop of hay was cut ; and much was imported from 
 Pennsylvania, and even from England. June 9th was observed as a gen- 
 eral Fast on account of the drought ; and August 14th as a day of 
 Thanksgiving for a plentiful rain.'-= 
 
 From the time of the settlement of the difficulties between the proprie- 
 tors and the non-proprietors of the common and undivided lands, (in 
 1724) down to, and including 1751, the former were largely occupied in 
 disposing of their remaining lands. The lands in the extreme northwest 
 part of the town, known as the " fifth division," and the tract north of the 
 village, known as the "Cow Common," were the last large bodies of land 
 
 o Rev. Mr. Frenchs'i M«. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 833 
 
 to be disposed of. The remainder were in detached pieces, scattered here 
 and there about the town, many of them quite small. In 1739, forty- 
 seven such parcels were disposed of, many of them being given to parties 
 applying for them, whether they chanced to be proprietors or otherwise. 
 
 Among the last lands to be disposed of, was the strip lying between what 
 is now called Water Street and the river, and extending from the present 
 bridge to Mill Brook. A few small lots of this had been previously dis- 
 posed of, but most of it yet belonged to the proprietors, until the year 
 1751, when there seems to have been quite a rush for lots " to build a 
 wharf" Enoch Bartlett led off with a petition for land enough to build 
 a wharf fifty feet long " against the house of Joshua Bayley Esq." (This 
 was the first lot below the present bridge.) Joseph Greelee followed, ask- 
 ing for a lot for the same purpose " between Eichard Hazzen's grant and 
 Capt Eastman's wharfe." Then came John Sawyer for a small piece 
 "between Capt Pecker's or White's wharf and ye ferry place." (Pecker's 
 wharf was near the easterly end of the street.) After him, Symond 
 Greenouch made application for a piece " against his dwelling house." 
 Then came Nathaniel Cogswell, for three rods wide "on ye south of his 
 house; " Abner Kimball, for a lot " between Capt Pecker's and ye ferry 
 place; " Nathaniel Peaslee, for one " near Capt Eastman's wharf; " Sam- 
 uel Blodgett, for one near the same place ; and last, but not the least, 
 Eeuben Currier desired one in the same favorite locality. These applica- 
 tions were all for land and liberty " to build a wharf," and they were all 
 granted ; though, from the fact that Thomas Haynes, Ebenezer Carleton, 
 and Nathan AVebster " dissented, and forbid the granting or selling of 
 any more land on the river," it appears that some of the proprietors 
 thought these eligible lots were being disposed of altogether too freely. 
 
 Besides these grants of land for wharves, some of the lots were also 
 disposed of to John Watts, Deacon James Ayer, and others, for building 
 purposes ; and Eichard Hazzen had given him a lot on the river, below 
 Mill Brook, for a " building yard." His bound commenced " on the road, 
 four rods east of Mill Bridge, and thence four rods east," and extending 
 to the river. Hazzen was at this time a resident of Hampstead, but from 
 the above, it would seem that he was about to engage in ship-building in 
 this town. 
 
 Jonathan Buck, at the same time, petitioned for "a ship yard near the 
 burying place," but was refused. Buck was afterward (1759) granted 
 all the rights and privileges the proprietors had in the Mill Brook, " below 
 the Great Eoad." Buck then owned the land on the west side of the 
 brook, and a Mr. Morley owned that on the ea'st side. The former soon 
 
334 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 after removed to Maine, and was one of the founders of the town of Bucks- 
 port, where he has descendants still living. Mr. Buck lived, while in this 
 town, in the gambrel-roofed house nearly opposite the residence of Deacon 
 Samuel Chase, on "Water Street, and which was afterward occupied by his 
 son, who was quite a famous hunter. 
 
 The above facts, taken in connection with those already given in rela- 
 tion to the building of vessels, clearly indicate the date when the first 
 considerable attention was given to commerce by the inhabitants of the 
 town. From this time, until the breaking out of the Eevolution, this 
 branch of business rapidly increased, until Haverhill became one of the 
 most important and extensive interior commercial towns in the State. 
 
 The subject of schools in the parishes was again brought to the attention 
 of the town this year, (1751) and it was finally voted that a grammar 
 school should be kept in each parish four months in the year. Probably 
 one of the most efi"cctive reminders of their duty in this direction, just at 
 this time, was the intimation of a summons to appear at Salem Court and 
 answer to a " presentment" for not being provided with a" grammer school 
 master." The above vote did not, however, save them from the latter, as 
 we find that the next spring Nathaniel Peaslce, Esq., was chosen to appear 
 and answer such a presentment against the town. 
 
 In 1752, the inhabitants of the town were greatly alarmed by the ap- 
 pearance of the small-pox in the neighboring towns, and John Cogswell 
 and Samuel White were appointed to assist the selectmen to use every 
 method to prevent its entrance into the town. A set of constables were 
 also chosen to serve such warrants as should be issued for that purpose. 
 When we consider that, although this loathsome disease is now much bet- 
 ter understood, and far less fatal than formerly, the people of the present 
 day are yet always greatly excited and alarmed at its approach, we need 
 not be surprised that our ancestors took the most vigorous measures to 
 protect themselves from infection. But notwithstanding their precautions, 
 the disease at length found its way into the town, and in 1755-6, several 
 persons died with it.---= 
 
 Before closing our notice of the year 1752, we ought, perhaps, to refer 
 to the change in computing time which was made this year, and which 
 originated the terms " Old Style " and " New Style." 
 
 When this country was first settled, the usual manner of writing dates 
 was by numbering the months. March was the first month, and the 25th 
 of March, being Lady Day, or Annunciation of the Church, was the first 
 
 o The disease again made its appearance in 1757, when we find that the house of Timothy Eaton was 
 used as a "pest house." 
 
HISTORY OF HAVEEHILL. 
 
 S85 
 
 day of the year. Subsequently, the practice of numlbering the months was 
 discontinued, but, until 1752, the year still commenced with the 25th of 
 March. In 1751, the British Parliament, by statute, provided that the 
 then nest first day of January should be reckoned to be the first day of 
 the year 1752, and that the day following the second of September, 1752, 
 should be called the fourteenth, thus omitting eleven intermediate nominal 
 days. By that act, bissextile, or leap-years, are established every fourth 
 year, excepting each hundredth year, and of each hundredth year every 
 fourth is to be a leap-year, of three hundred and sixty-six days, commenc- 
 ing with the year 2000. 
 
 The manner of computing time, (to 1751) commonly called the Julian 
 Calendar, had been in use from the time of the general Council of Nice, 
 A. D. 325. By the Julian Calendar every fourth year was a leap-year of 
 three hundred and sixty-six days, which calendar was discovered to be 
 erroneous, as the spring equinox, which at the time of the Council of Nice, 
 in 325, happened on or about the 21st of March, did happen in 1751, 
 about the 9th or 10th of the same month ; hence the necessity of omitting 
 the eleven nominal days in September, 1752. 
 
 The correction of the calendar, made by Pope Gregory XIII, in 1582, 
 was immediately adopted in all Catholic countries, although not established 
 in England until 1752. From the latter cause arose the custom of indica- 
 ting the change by the use of double dates betiveen the first of January 
 and the twenty fifth of March in each year, thus, — January 1, 1751-2, 
 
 A striking omission in the town records of the time of which we write, 
 is found in the fact that, from the year 1729 to 1770, no mention is made 
 of the election of Kepresentatives to the General Court, although it is an 
 indisputable fact that such were regularly chosen. The records frequently 
 refer to them, but never to their election. 
 
 In 1753, a tax was laid by the government on coaches, chariots, chaises, 
 calashes, and riding chairs. "Wc presume the following table, giving the 
 number of each in this town, as ofiacially returned, will not prove unin- 
 teresting : — 
 
 
 Coaches, 
 
 Chariots, 
 
 Chaises, 
 
 Calashes, 
 
 Eiding Chairs, 
 
 1753 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 7 
 
 
 
 1754 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 9 
 
 
 
 1755 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 18 
 
 
 
 1756 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 13 
 
 
 
 1757 
 
 
 
 
 
 15 
 
 
 
336 SISTOHY OF HAVERHILt. 
 
 Prolbably vre cannot give a more truthful, as -well as vivid idea of the 
 general style, and appearance of the ordinary "calash," which was almost 
 the only light, or pleasure carriage, in the town one hundred years ago, 
 than by comparing it to a very clumsy old fashioned wagon-seat, set upon 
 an equally clumsy pair of low wagon- wheels, with shafts attached. Those 
 impromptu affairs that we now occasionally see, are a decided improve- 
 ment over those of "a hundred years ago," in every respect, — except, 
 perhaps, a platform for the feet to rest upon. 
 
 Chaises, of which there was a solitary one in town at this time, were 
 those large and heavy wheeled, square-topped vehicles,- of which the " old- 
 est inhabitant " has, perhaps an indistinct recollection. They were in the 
 possession of only a few of the " most respectable " and wealthy people, 
 and were only made use of to ride to meeting on the Sabbath, and on great 
 and important occasions. 
 
 Mr. Nathan Webster, now living, remembers (about 1796) when there 
 were but two in all the West Parish. These were owned by the two Dea- 
 cons of the church — Deacon JMoses Webster and Deacon — Eaton. 
 
 Soon afterward, the minister, Eev. Mr. Adams, purchased one. At that 
 time, the most common, and indeed the almost universal mode of travel- 
 ling, was on hoi'seback. Thus the farmer rode to mill, or " to town," on a 
 week-day; and, on the Sabbath, with his good wife on the pillion behind 
 him, — and perhaps a child in the arms of each, — he leisurely and sob- 
 erly jogged to meeting on his faithful and steady " Old Dobbin." The 
 women rode on horseback to the village, to do their " trading." Mr. 
 Webster remembers counting " tioenty-four in one troop,^' as they were 
 thus riding by his father's house, on their way to town, — " chattering like 
 a flock of blackbirds ! " 
 
 Wagons were unknown until about 1800, or later. In that year, Eobert 
 Hamilton, of Conway, Mass., built a one-horse wagon, and claimed it to 
 be the first one in America, and himself the im^ntor. As late as 1810, 
 such carriages were nowise common, and it was not until about 1820 that 
 they came into general use. 
 
 The first carriage said to be built in America, was made in Dorchester, 
 Mass., by a man named White, for a private gentleman in Boston. It 
 was copied from an English chariot, though made much lighter. But on 
 account of the difficulty of procuring material, and high wages, they were 
 long afterward ordered from England and France. 
 
 In 1754, the town for the first time voted to raise a specific amount of 
 money for the repair of the highways. The sum fixed upon was one 
 hundred pounds. Two shillings a day were allowed for a man, and the 
 
HISTORY OP HAVEIiniLL. 337 
 
 same for oxen "with a good curt or plow," or eighteen pence for oxen 
 alone. The apparent difference between these prices and those previously 
 voted to be paid, is explained by the fact of a change in the kind of cur- 
 rency most in use at these several periods. 
 
 At the same time, a similar proposition was made in regard to school 
 money, but it was rejected. The next year, however, the proposition was 
 renewed, and thi^ time it was carried. Fifty pounds were appropriated 
 for the support of the schools the current year ; and it wasvoted to allow 
 the parishes their proportion of the school money. 
 
 From and after this time, except the years 1761 to 176+, inclusive, the 
 school in the First Parish was kept all the year round. Previous to 17G1, 
 it was termed a "Grammer School." In 1765, it was called an " English 
 School," and '' only Reading, Writing, & Cyphering," were taught in it. 
 
 The summer of 1755, was one of "excessive heat and drought;" in 
 consequence of which there was a great scarcity of hay and provisions, 
 and prices were very high. So serious was the condition of things, that 
 a Fast was ordered by the General Court. Happily, refreshing rains soon 
 followed, and the autumn harvest was unexpectedly productive. 
 
 On the 18th of November, of the same year, occurred the most violent 
 earthquake ever known in Korth America. " it continued about four and 
 a half minutes. In Boston, about one hundred chimnies were levelled with 
 the roofs of the houses, and about fifteen hundred shattered, and thrown 
 down in part. There was a shock every day till the twenty-second." 
 The s.xm^ ye'xr and month, is also memorable for the terrible earthquake 
 "which destroyed Lisbon. 
 
 The proprietors of the common and undivided lands in the town, having 
 disposed of nearly every foot of land belonging to them, Avere now about 
 dissolving their organization. Their work v^'as nearly finished. Xo meet- 
 ing was held from September 5, 1755, to November 20, 1758, and from the 
 latter date, to 1763, there were but few meetings, and but little business 
 transacted. In April of the latter year, .roshua Sawyer petitioned them 
 " for liberty to flow and draw ye water off ye Great Pond," and Barra- 
 chias Farnam requested leave to build a mill on the brook, on hiii own 
 land, and an equal privilege to flow and draw the Pond with Sawyer. 
 The record does not show that either petition-was granted. In Jul}'- a 
 meeting was called, at which some business was done and an adjournment 
 made to October 10th. This proved to be the last meeting of the proprie- 
 tors, and as a fitting close to our history of their doings through the long 
 
338 HISTORY or haverhili. 
 
 period of their actire organization, we copy the entire record of the last 
 named date : — 
 
 " Essex Ss Haverhill October 10. AD 1763. This being the time 
 to •which ye Props meeting was adjourned. The moderator did not come, 
 and so this meeting ended of course. 
 
 Att Nathl Peaslee Sargeant Props Clerk." 
 
 In the year 1759, Samuel Blodgett erected " pot and pearl ash" works 
 on Mill Brook. They were among the first in the country, and continued 
 in successful operation for some years. 
 
 In 1760, the town granted John Swett a lease of the ferry at Holt^s 
 Eocks for ten years. This ferry had for forty years previous to that time 
 been kept by his father. 
 
 About this time, settlements began to extend rapidly toward the north 
 and east — particularly the latter. Early in the year last named, several 
 Haverhill men were granted six townships in the Pi'ovince of Maine, 
 between the Penobscot and St. Croix Eivers." 
 
 In 1761, the crops of grain in Eastern Massachusetts were mostly de- 
 stroyed by a severe drought, so that many families were out of corn and 
 rye before the winter was half gone. In this emergency, Joseph Haynes, 
 of the West Parish, made a journey to Connecticut, on horseback, to make 
 arrangements to obtain a supply for the needy in the town. Having 
 agreed with the store-keepers at Hartford, Wethersfield, and vicinity, to 
 collect a quantity for him, he returned home. In a few weeks he again 
 went on, loaded a vessel with corn, and sailed for Haverhill, where he 
 arrived safely with his precious cargo. Several persons offered him his 
 price per bushel, and take the whole cargo, but he declared he did not 
 buy it to speculate on himself, and that nobody else should have it for that 
 purpose. He sold the cargo in parcels, 7iot exceeding Jive bushels each^ 
 and only to those who actually needed it for food, or for seed. Such an 
 act well deserves honorable mention in a history of the town. 
 
 Sometime in the summer of 1763, the bridge over Little River near the 
 present flannel factory, was rebuilt. The following materials were required 
 for the job : Two gallons and three quarts of rum, two and a half pounds 
 of " Shugar," one hundred and twenty-one feet of two-inch plank, one 
 hundred and thirty feet of two and a half inch plank, and twenty feet of 
 white oak timber. The first article was doubtless used for hracing. 
 
 <"■ David Marsh, Enoch Bartlet, Isaac Osgood, Jonathan Buck, James Duncan, James McHard, "and 
 others." Buck was the only one of the petitioners named, who actually settled on the lands. In June, 
 1775, he, with other inhabitants of Belfast, Majabigwaducc, and Benjamin's River, applied to the Pro- 
 vincial Congress for a supply of corn and ammunition, of which they were in great want. The Congress 
 Toted thent a supply of arms and ammunition, and two hundred bushels of Indian corn. 
 
HtSlORY OP HAVERHILL. 339 
 
 At tlie annual meeting in 1764, the proposition to divide tlie parsonage 
 lands among the four parishes was again negatived. 
 
 Previous to 1765, there had been but one church, one meeting-house, 
 and one mode or form of religious worship in each of the parishes ; and 
 but one form or standard of religious faith. The " established church '\in 
 the town, and indeed in the colon3% was the " orthodox congregational " 
 church. This was emphatically " the religion of the State," and it was 
 not until more than a century after the establishment of the Massachusetts 
 and Plymouth colonies that any other system was even tolerated. But the 
 attempt to oblige men to any particular form, or doctrine, produced in time 
 the very state of things which was so much feared by the founders of these 
 colonies. New doctrines were proposed, believed, and taught, and new 
 sects arose, despite of the most stringent laws against them, and in the 
 face of even persecution itself. 
 
 Among the earliest of the sects which sprang up in Massachusetts and 
 claimed recognition as such, were the Baptists. From an obscure begin- 
 ning they gradually worked their way until the disciples of the new 
 doctrine were numbered by thousands, among whom were some of the 
 ablest minds of that time. One of these was Eev. Hezekiah Smith, a man 
 of rare powers as a preacher, and who became an acknowledged leader in 
 the "New Light" movement. He visited Haverhill in the fall of 1764, 
 and labored with such success that a church of *' Separatists," or as they 
 soon came to be called, " Baptists," was organized the following spring, 
 and immediately proceeded to build themselves a meeting-house. So rapid 
 was the growth of the new church, that in less than three years it num- 
 bered over one hundred members. As we give a particular account of this 
 church in another place, we pass over it for the present without further 
 notice. 
 
 r 
 
>40 nlSTOKY OF HAYEJIHILL, 
 
 CHAPTER XXI. 
 
 THE FRENCH AVAE. 1756 TO 1763. 
 
 After a very short period of actual peace between the French and 
 English in North America, the New England colonists were again thrown 
 into a state of anxiety and distress by another war against France. The 
 war actually commenced in 1754, though not formally declared till May^ 
 1756. Early in the spring of 1755, preparations were made by the colo- 
 nies for vigorous and extensive operations against the enemy. Four 
 expeditions were planned : — -one against the French in Nova Scotia; a 
 second against the French on the Ohio ; a third against Crown Point ; and 
 a fourth against Niagara. 
 
 In the expedition to Nova Scotia were a number of Haverhill men, but, 
 for the reasons given in another place, we are unable to give their names* 
 This expedition resulted in the surrender of several of the French forts in 
 that province, and in the dispersion of the " neutral French." This last 
 act deserved, and has received, the severest condemnation. Four hundred 
 and eighteen inoffensive people were kidnapped, and over seven thousand 
 were transported, and their property confiscated. And, as if this was not 
 enough, families were separated, and transported in different ships to widely/ 
 separated ]mrts of the country ! Devils incarnate could not have devised 
 a more cruel scheme. 
 
 About one thousand of these poor Acadians were landed in Boston, at 
 the opening of winter. Tht.se gradually became dispersed among the 
 towns in Massachusetts. ]\lany of them fell upon the towns for support. 
 This town, in 1759, paid twelve pounds, ten shillings, toward supporting 
 eight of them, who had been assigned the town as its proportion to support. 
 These eight persons were all women and children. 
 
 In the expedition to Crown lo'-Lt were the folloVing from this town: — 
 
 At Lake George, November 22,^ 1755, were Nathan Merrill, John Pres- 
 ley, Filbrick Colbey, and Nt.than Page,' 
 
 In a Muster Roll, (dated Fe\raary 24, 1756,) of " men who went to 
 Albany," we find nearly an ert re compary fiom this town. The follow- 
 ing are the names, with the time 61 eutiring and leaving the service : — 
 Edmund Mooers, Capt, entered Apl 4, 1755, Discharged Jan 5 1756- 
 
 Jonathan Duston, Ensign " " " " " Dec 12 1755 
 
 Daniel Mooers, Serjt *' " 12 " " Oct 18 " 
 
 Michael Amy, Corp " ♦* 8 " " ••' 15 " 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILli. 
 
 841 
 
 Daniel Griffin, Corp, 
 
 
 entered May 6, 17 
 
 55, 
 
 discharged Oct. 22 ' 
 
 1775 
 
 Bartho Pecker, Private 
 
 It 
 
 Apl 7 
 
 tl 
 
 
 Dec 12 
 
 tl 
 
 ^'Joseph Brown 
 
 <( 
 
 (k) " 
 
 H ti 
 
 it 
 
 
 Sep 8 
 
 tl 
 
 James Clement 
 
 " 
 
 (( 
 
 tt li 
 
 it 
 
 
 Dec 12 
 
 (< 
 
 Wm Townsend 
 
 << 
 
 " 
 
 tt tl 
 
 (( 
 
 
 (( it 
 
 <( 
 
 Wm Pell 
 
 <i 
 
 n 
 
 <i ti 
 
 " 
 
 
 "15 
 
 <( 
 
 Page Harriman 
 
 
 <( 
 
 ti ti 
 
 << 
 
 
 Oct 9 
 
 <( 
 
 Joseph Bayley 
 
 '« 
 
 "_ 
 
 a a 
 
 tt 
 
 
 Dec 12 
 
 n 
 
 David Eaton 
 
 '» 
 
 n 
 
 Apl 12 
 
 " 
 
 
 '< 15 
 
 tl 
 
 Samuel Ordway 
 
 '< 
 
 li 
 
 " 15 
 
 (< 
 
 
 Oct 22 
 
 <( 
 
 Samuel Staples 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 ♦< 2G 
 
 u 
 
 
 Dec 15 
 
 (( 
 
 John Frink 
 
 11 
 
 11 
 
 (( K 
 
 it 
 
 
 " •' 
 
 <( 
 
 Samuel Thompson 
 
 
 <( 
 
 tl It 
 
 tl 
 
 
 (( a 
 
 (1 
 
 Jona Haszeltine 
 
 
 ti 
 
 il (( 
 
 11 
 
 It 
 
 Oct 9 
 
 <( 
 
 Stephen Woodward 
 
 
 <l 
 
 " 29 
 
 " 
 
 
 Dec 15 
 
 << 
 
 James Emerson Jr 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 May 2 
 
 <( 
 
 
 Oct 24 
 
 << 
 
 Moses Eaton 
 
 
 a 
 
 " U 
 
 (< 
 
 
 Dec 12 
 
 u 
 
 Daniel Williams 
 
 
 ti 
 
 " U 
 
 <( 
 
 
 " 15 
 
 (1 
 
 Timothy Clements 
 
 " 
 
 *« 
 
 tt (( 
 
 << 
 
 
 " 12 
 
 <( 
 
 Joshua Corliss 
 
 
 " 
 
 <( a 
 
 << 
 
 
 a it 
 
 << 
 
 In the company of Ca 
 
 ptain Samuel Gerrisli 
 
 I, of 
 
 Newbury, 
 
 were the fol- 
 
 lowing from Haverhill : • 
 
 — 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Jonathan Sergent, i 
 
 serjt, 
 
 entered Sept 15, 
 
 17i 
 
 55, Dischd Dec 17, 
 
 1755 
 
 Joseph Silliway, 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 it 
 
 (( 
 
 it 
 
 " " 
 
 " 
 
 Bradbury Morrison, Clerk, '' " " " « « <« 
 
 Amos Currier, Drummer " " " " <(<<<< 
 
 Austin George Private " " " " " " " 
 
 AVilliam Guy, " " " " " ♦' " " 
 
 Zechariah Hunniford " " " " " «« " «« 
 
 Abiel Knight " " " " " " " " 
 
 Jona Dustan " " " " " Nov 27 " 
 
 AVilliam Emerson " " " " " Dec 17 " 
 
 Philbrook Colby " " " " " " " " 
 
 Eleazer Smith " " " " " " " " 
 
 Barton Pollard " " " " " " " " 
 
 Wm Middleton " " " " " " " " 
 
 In the company of Captain Henry Ingalls, of Andover, were 
 James Emerson, Private, • entered Oct 3, Dischd Dec 13 
 
 Peter Fling " " " " " " 18 
 
 " The letter (k) annexed to bis name, sljfuifies hiUni. 
 
S42 
 
 filSTORY OP HAYEftHltt. 
 
 In the return of Captain James Kicliardson's company, under date of 
 May 5, 1756, we find the following from this town: — ^••■ 
 
 Lewis Eicker (miner), Ephraim Perry, Daniel Williams, 
 
 Stephen Heath ) _, , ■■ John Dow, 
 AVm Kimball j Joshua Perey.f 
 
 Edmund Pillsbury, 
 Philbrook Colby, 
 
 In the "Muster Poll of Men raised in 1756 for the Expedition to 
 Crown Point," in Colonel Saltonstall's- regiment, we find the following 
 from Haverhill. They all enlisted previous to April 15th : — 
 
 Thomas Worthing, 
 Asa Gile, 
 Oliver Page, 
 Moses Merrill, 
 
 Edmund Pillsberry, 
 
 Benj Howard, 
 
 John Burrel, 
 
 Lt Moses Hazzen, 
 
 Moses Clark, 
 
 Lt Nathan Baker, 
 
 Zebediah Sergeant, 
 
 Bartholomew Pecker, 
 
 Asa Guile, 
 
 Nathan Page, 
 Moses Eams, 
 Oliver Page, 
 Peter Ingerfield, 
 Moses Stickney, 
 Philbrook Colby, 
 Daiiel Williams, 
 Nathl Smith, 
 Samuel Foster. 
 
 Capt Edmund Mooers, 
 Lt James Russell, 
 John Frink, 
 John Presley, 
 Edmund Black, 
 William Middleton, 
 William Hoyt, 
 James Hide, 
 John Ingerfield, 
 
 In the Muster Eoll of "Major Saltonstall's Company of Impressed 
 Men," April, 1756, we find the following Haverhill men: ■ — 
 Samuel Haseltine, Joshua Page, Samuel Ayer, 
 
 Joseph Emerson, Joseph Haseltine, Ithamore Emerson, 
 
 John Coon, Moses Merril, John Emerson Jr, 
 
 From documents accompanying the above, it appears that Jifti/ men 
 were called for, for that particular service, but ninety-jive were enlisted. 
 The number wanted were selected from the whole number enlisted. The 
 following were selected from Haverhill : — - 
 Lt Moses Hazzen, ^ 
 
 NaThTsmith''' \ ^'°°' ^''^ Saltonstall's Comp 
 
 Moses Clark, j 
 
 Samuel Ayer, 
 
 Joshua Page, 
 
 Ithamore Emerson, 
 
 John Emerson Jur, 
 
 from Maj Saltonstall's Comp» 
 
 ° From these returns, it will be' seen that the same names were not nnfrequently reported in several 
 different companies the same year. This is explained by the fact that they enlisted from time to time 
 for a particular service, and for short periods. To take np each name separately, and give the times and 
 places of service, would require more space than we can afford to spare for that purpose, and we therefore 
 give the names as we find them, and leave to those particularly interested, the task of tracing out the 
 entire period of service of individual soldiers. 
 
 t Joshua Perry was iu Captain Hodge's company, on the west side of the 1 ake, when an attack wa« 
 cnade by the enemy, and all of his company, except himself aud four others, were killed or captured. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 343 
 
 In the Muster Koll of Captain Timotty Parker's company, at Tort 
 Edward,-' July 26, 1756, were the following who give this town as their 
 last place of residence, though not all of them were born here : — 
 Jeams Eussell, Ens, Silas Flood, cordwainer John Con, 
 Samuel Hog, cordwainer Edmund Pillsbury, Timothy Page, 
 
 Jethrew Clugf, Moses Merrill, Philbrook Colby, Black- 
 
 Asa Gile, Thomas AVorthen, smith, 
 
 Oliver Page, Joshua Perre, Blacksmith Daniel Williams. 
 
 In the company of Jonathan Pearson, at the same time and place, was 
 William PeiTy, boat-builder. 
 
 In the company of Captain James Parker were 
 
 Samuel Currier, Serjt, aged 43, Joyner 
 James Silver, " " 33, Cordwainer 
 
 Timothy Ingalls, Private, " 36, Trader 
 James Emerson, " " 45, Husbandman 
 
 In Captain Edmund Mooers' company were 
 Capt Edmund Mooers, Cordwainer 
 Lt, Moses Hazzen aged 23 Tanner 
 Serjt, Micah Amy yeoman 
 Clark, Samuel Foster aged 1 8 Taylor 
 Private Daniel Eoberds " 56 Laborer 
 " Benj Black Mason 
 " Wm Hoyt Tanner 
 " Page Harrimen Carpenter 
 " Samuel Ayers, aged 28 Tanner 
 Soon afterward, the above company was stationed at Fort William 
 Henry,f and from a Muster Koll dated October 11, 1756, we find in addi- 
 tion to the above names, those of Christopher Connely, Jonathan Harris, 
 Jonathan Blaisdell, and John Pressey. 
 
 The return of Captain Stephen Webster's company, at Fort William 
 Henry, dated August 9, 1756, gives the following Haverhill names : — 
 Gideon Challis, Serjt, agd39, b in Amesbury, now of Haverhill, carpenter 
 John Burrill, Corp, " 31, " Lynn, " " 
 
 Peter Johnson " " 25, " Haverhill " " Suncook, 
 
 Bradbry Saunders Soldr" 19, '• " " " Haverhill, 
 
 John Castleng, " " 18, " " " " 
 
 Bartholomew Pecker " " 25, " Boston, " " 
 Joseph Silvia " " 35, " Amesbury, " " 
 
 Zebediah Sergant " " 36, " " '* " 
 
 Morrell Wicher " " 28, " Haverhill, " " 
 
 o Fort Edward was a wooden fort, near the Hndson River, erected in May, 1756. 
 t Fort William Henry, was a wooden fort, erected at Lake George, in May, 1756. 
 
Mar 29, 
 
 " Oct 4 
 
 " 20, 
 
 Nov 27 
 
 " 29, 
 
 " Dec 4 
 
 344 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 In Major Stopten Miller's company, at tLe same place and date, were 
 Hezekiah Hutcbins, Lt. aged 29, born in Haverhill now of Newbury. 
 Thomas Thompson, Corp " 24, " " " " " Exeter. 
 
 Ebenr Green, Private, " 18, " " Ipswich " " Haverhill. 
 
 -Gideon George " " 19, *' " Haverhill " " 
 
 Josiah Young, " " 17, " " " " " Salem. 
 
 In Colonel Kingsbury's company, at the same place and date, was 
 William Brown, private, born in Haverhill, now of Newbury, Shipwright. 
 
 In Captain John Nixon's company, August 28, at the same place was 
 Jno Presson, private, aged 18, born in Haverhill, now of Lester. 
 
 A " return of men ordered to be raised " in the town, dated August 23, 
 1756, shows that Colonel Saltonstall ordered fifteen, and the full number 
 had " gone." 
 
 In the company of Captain Gideon Parker, of Newbury, at the last 
 named fort, (under date of December 22, 1756,) we find 
 
 Nathan Baker, Lieut, entered Feb 18, Dischgd Dec 22, 1756 
 Benja Howard, Serjt, " 
 Moses Howe, Clerk " 
 
 Nathan Page, Private " 
 Edmund Black " " " " '* " " 
 
 Solomon Page " " " " " " " " 
 
 Moses Ames " " " " " " " " 
 
 Moses Stickney " " " " " " " " 
 
 In Captain Samuel George's company, was John Prink, Ensign, entered 
 February 18, 1756, discharged December 2, 1756. 
 
 In the Muster Eoll of Captain Timothy Parker's company, " in the ex- 
 pedition to Crown Point,"f (dated March 2, 1757,) we find the following: 
 James Eussell, Ens, entrd Feb 18 to Dec 6 
 Moses Merrill, drumer, " Apl l " << 
 Silas Flood, Private, " " " '• " 
 Thomas Worthing " Mar 15 " " 
 
 " A "Taylor." 
 
 t TrcoNDEROGA AND Crown PoiXT. In 1731, the French took possession of Crown Point; and in 
 1755, they threw up an advanced work on Ticonderoga. Nature and art joined to make this a very 
 strong and important fortress. In the years 175G and 1757, large armies were kept up by the British 
 colonies, at the south end of Lake George. In 1758, Abercrombie passed Lake Gei:rge with an army of 
 twenty thousand men, to attack Ticonderoga. On July 8ih, he attempted to carry the works by storm. 
 The attack proved unfortunate, and his army was defeated with great slaughter. The French abandoned 
 Ticonderoga and Crown Point, and they were taken possession of by General Amhemt, July 5, 1759. In 
 the beginning of the American Revolution, Colonel Ethan .-Vllen undertook to reduce these posts, and on 
 the morn'ng of May 10, 1775, he entered and took Ticonderoga, and the same day took Cniwn Point. 
 July G, 1777, Ticonderoga was abandoned to the British under Burgoyne, and again given up to the Amer- 
 icans the same fall. 
 
HISTORY OP HAYERHILL. 
 
 S45 
 
 Sept 20 (dead or capt) 
 Oct 11 
 " 24 
 Dec 6 
 
 Joshua Pcirce, Private, enti*d Mar 25 to Dec 6 
 
 Jethro Clugif " " Apl 2 " Oct 8 (dead) 
 
 Asa Guile, " " Mario " Dec 6 
 
 Philbrook Colby " " " " " 
 
 John Con " " Apl 1 
 
 Oliver Page *' " Mar 15 
 
 Timothy Page " " Apl 1 
 
 Edmund Pillsbry " " Mar 15 
 
 Daniel Williams " " " " ' " 
 Since the preceding pages were written, we have found the following 
 interesting certificate, which, though in part a repetition of names already 
 given, we consider too valuable to be left out, or even abbreviated. 
 
 " Haverll : Janry 2Sth 1757. 
 Sr 
 
 This may Certify that the Persons Belonging to this Town whose 
 names are as follows were in the Service on the Expedition for Crown Point 
 and were not rated in the Year 175G — 
 out of the first Compy Wm Middleton, 
 
 Christopr Connelly, 
 
 In 3d Company 
 
 Cap. Edmd Mooers, 
 
 Nathl Smith, 
 
 Jos Osillaway, 
 
 Lt James Russell, 
 
 Wm Hoyt, 
 
 Gideon Challis, . 
 
 Lt Nathan Baker, 
 
 Benja Black, 
 
 Gideon George, 
 
 Lt Moses Hazzen, 
 
 
 Samuel Sargent, 
 
 Lt Jno McCurdy, 
 
 in 2d company 
 
 Sanders Bradbury, 
 
 Zebediah Sargent, 
 
 
 Green Whittier, 
 
 Ensn Jno Frink, 
 
 Maj Pt Soltonstall, 
 
 & Jno Page was Pressd 
 
 Jno Burrill, 
 
 Danl Haseltine, 
 
 and hired a man in 
 
 Saml Foster, 
 
 Jona Haseltine, 
 
 New Hampe to go for him 
 
 Bartw Pecker, 
 
 James Emerson, 
 
 In the whole 513 
 
 Jno Presleey, 
 
 Jno Bradley, 
 
 & the othci-s that^ 
 Hired out of New > 4 
 Hamp ^ 
 
 Asa Gile, 
 
 Greenough, 
 
 Edmd Black, 
 
 Ebenr Brown, 
 
 Nathan Page, 
 
 Saml Currier, 
 
 
 Moses Ayres, 
 
 Simon Ayer, 
 
 Total 57 
 
 Abrm Kimball, 
 
 Simon, 
 
 The Poll Tax for 
 
 Saml Middleton, 
 
 Jno Emerson Jur, 
 
 48 a Os £24,15,0 
 
 Oliver Page, 
 
 John Conn, 
 
 Poll Tax to the "^ 
 Deputys pay is [ 2,9,3 
 a UU 3 
 
 James Hide, 
 
 Uran, 
 
 Peter Ingcrfield, 
 
 Moses Merrill, 
 
 Jno Ingerfield, 
 
 and Jos Heseltinc jur 
 
 £27,12,11 
 
 Moses Siijkney, 
 
 Saml Heseltinc 
 
 £24,15,0 
 
 Edmd Pilsbury, 
 
 and Josiah Emerson, 
 
 2, 9,J 
 
 Gideon Church, 
 
 enlisted aud hired 
 
 
 Benja Howard, 
 
 others in New Hampe 
 
 
 Danl Williams, 
 44 
 
 to go for them 
 
 
346' HISTORY OF HATERHXLt. 
 
 And wc are Informd that vrc are to have an allowance for all tLose per- 
 sons Poll Tax out of the Province Treasury — (which we Desire may tc 
 paid to Enoch Eartlet one of us) for the Benefit of our Town. 
 
 To Harrison Gray Esq } Moses Clements ^ c i <■ 
 
 Prove Trcacurer in Boston j Daniel Johnson I ' ^ f "^ ^ 
 
 Cornelius Johnson f tj ^ ,i -ii 
 Enoch Bartlet j 
 
 George Wetherby out of the first Company." 
 
 Eor a well written account of the disastrous campaign of 1756, in 
 which so many Haverhill men were engaged, we would refer the reader to 
 Barry's excellent History of 3Iassaehuseits. 
 
 Before the cIcsd of the year 1756, the party which had mismanaged 
 aflFairs for over forty years went out of power, and William Pitt, the early 
 and devoted friend of America, assumed the reins which had fallen from 
 the hands of the Duke of Newcastle. From this time, the aifairs of the 
 war assumed a new aspect, A military council was held in Boston in Jan- 
 uary, 1757, at which it was decided to attempt the reduction of Canada, 
 and of the four thousand men levied on New England, Massachusetts was 
 to furnish eighteen hundred. These were all mustered before the last of 
 March, and ready for service. 
 
 From the Muster Eolls of these forces, we learn that the following Hav- 
 erhill men were engaged in the expedition : — 
 
 Jan 26, 1757, in Capt Eobert Eoger's company, John McCurdy, clerk. 
 
 Feb 8th, in Capt Jona Bagley's Company, Peter Johnson, armorour. 
 
 Feb 13, in Capt Stephen Miller's Comp (at Boston) were Corp Thomas 
 Tompson, Allen Greenough, Gideon George (son of David), Joshua. 
 Young. 
 
 Feb 16th. in Timothy Euggles's Ecgiment, Major Eichard Saltonstall. 
 
 Feb 17, in Lt Col James Frye's Company (at Boston) were 
 Jona Urine, James Emerson, Simon Ayers, 
 
 Jonathan Simonds, Isaac Foster, Joseph Emerson. 
 
 Daniel Hazclton, Jonathan Hazclton, 
 
 John Eastman, John Emerson, 
 
 Below we give the name of every man enrolled in the militia in this 
 town in the spring of 1757. The list, of course, includes the name of 
 every man in the town, not exempt from military duty : — 
 
 "A List of the first Company in Haverhill. 
 
 Lieut Benj a Gale, . Wm Greenleaf, Oliver Sawyer. 
 
 Ens Joseph Bager, David Marsh, 
 
 Sergeants Diiimmers Daniel Appleton, 
 
 John Ayers, James Pearson, Jacob Ayer, 
 
 Samuel Sheppard, Nathan Ayer, 
 
HIStORT OV HAVERHtLIi. 
 
 347 
 
 X*clcT Ayer, 
 Enoch Bartlit, 
 Enoch Eager, 
 -Nathaniel Eager, 
 Isaac Eradlj Junr, 
 ■John Baker, 
 Nathl Ealch, 
 Edmund Elack, 
 ^Villiam Briant, 
 Michael Eodwcll, 
 John Cogswell Jun, 
 ■Samuel Clement, 
 Stephen Cross, 
 Samuel Calf, 
 Isaac Chase, 
 Ezra Cottle, 
 Peter Clement, 
 John McCasling, 
 Joshua Dustin, 
 Isaac Dow, 
 Ezra Tucker, 
 Bartholome Perkins, 
 Mark Emerson, 
 Thomas Whitaker, 
 Xehemiah Emerson, 
 Samuel Eames, 
 Eichard Emerson, 
 David Eaton, 
 Moses Eames, 
 Josiah Fulsom, 
 Rowel Foot, 
 John Farnham, 
 Joseph Flagg, 
 Benja Foules, 
 Samuel G-ale, 
 Daniel Gale, 
 Ephraim Gile, 
 Asa Gile, 
 Samuel Gile, 
 John Bointon, 
 Symonds Greenough, 
 
 Stephen GuUishan, 
 Austin George, 
 Jonathan George, 
 Thomas Gage, 
 John Gile, 
 Job Gage, 
 John Hall, 
 John Hall Jun, 
 Kathanicl Hall 
 Charles Haddock, 
 Stephen Harriman, 
 Joel Heariman, 
 iN athl Johnson, 
 Timothy Kczer, 
 Benja Leach, 
 Dudley Ladd, 
 Henry l^ebeter, 
 Moses Marsh, 
 Enoch Ma;sh, 
 Nathl Marsh. 
 Silvanus Heath, 
 James Simonds, 
 Benja Moors, 
 Cornelius Mansise, 
 Ammiruhama Moore, 
 Thomas McHard, 
 Israel Morri.l, 
 William Micdleton, 
 Jacob Kicholls 
 Samuel Middleton, 
 David Newhal Jun, 
 Benja Poor, 
 Samuel Pears, 
 Edmund Pilsbry, 
 Edward Eussel, 
 Ebenezer Eussel, 
 David Eunnils, 
 Winslow Eichardson, 
 Nathl Eedington, 
 Daniel Eedington, 
 John Stuard, 
 
 " Ths Alarm LisV- 
 the Eev Edward Barnard Timothy White Cler, 
 Samuel White Esqr, John White Cler, 
 James McHard Esqr, Capt Edward Moors, 
 
 John Sawyer, 
 Jonathan Sawyer, 
 Jeremy Stickney, 
 John Smyly, 
 Solomon Springer, 
 Joshua Springer, 
 Jonathan Simons Jur 
 John Straw, 
 Eichard Simons, 
 Isaac Snow, 
 Peter Sanders, 
 Moses Smith, 
 Samuel Shackford-, 
 Thomas West, 
 Nathl Walker, 
 Thomas Whittier, 
 Timothy White Jur, 
 Johu White, 
 Joseph Whitaker, 
 Jonathan Webster, 
 Samuel Whiting, 
 Nathl Cogswell, 
 Ebene^ier Gage, 
 Samuel Johnson, 
 Jonathan Shcpard, 
 Nathan Simond, 
 Ezekiel Wilson, 
 Jonathan Sargant, 
 Daniel Moores, 
 Samuel Gile, 
 Peter Ingerfield, 
 Eichard Emerson, 
 Samuel Forster, 
 Cutting Marsh, 
 James Sawyer, 
 William Chase, 
 Elisha Moody, 
 Samuel Midleton, 
 James Calfe, 
 Maxe Haseltine. 
 
 Lieut Nathan Baker, 
 Ens James Eussell, 
 Ens John Frink, 
 
 ° Ths Alarm List includes all between the a^es ot sixteen and sixty years of age, who were exempt 
 from ordinary military duty. Upon extraordiaary emergencies, these were liable to be <:alled out to d" 
 "duty in their own town. 
 
S48 
 
 HISTOKT OF HATERHILS* 
 
 Dn Eenja Clement, 
 Dn David Marsh, 
 David Aver, 
 Jonathon Buck, 
 Benja Baker, 
 Moses Clement, 
 John Cogswell, 
 James Dunkin, 
 John Eaton, 
 "William George, 
 Dr. StejDhen Huse, 
 
 James Leaconnt, 
 David Newell, 
 Isaac Osgood Cler, 
 Dr James Pecker, 
 William Swanton, 
 
 Nathl Eolfe, 
 Stephen Herimau,. 
 Lieut John Eusscll, 
 Dr Cast, 
 James Cook, 
 
 Xathl Pea sly Sergeant, Jacob AVillard, 
 
 Mathew Soley, Dr John Huse, 
 
 John MuUeian, Joshua Sw3-er, 
 
 David Farnum, Lieut Moses Hazzen, 
 
 Timothy Clement, Dn David Marsh, 
 
 Haverhill April 18th 1757. 
 
 Attest Samuel Appleton Clerk." 
 "A List of the Second foot Company in Haverhill, -whereof Major 
 Eichard Saltonstall Esc^ is Capt. 
 Eirst Lieut Nchemiah Bradly, 
 
 Daniel Bradly, Joshua Emery Junr, 
 Second Lieut Benja Eaton, 
 
 Timothy Emerson, John Emery, 
 
 Ens John Mitchell, 
 
 Sergants 
 Jonathan Emerson, 
 Jonathan Webster, 
 Samuel Watts, 
 Nathl Dustin, 
 
 Corporals 
 Ebenczcr Baly, 
 James Haeeltinc, 
 Samuel Hascltine, 
 Joseph Emerson, 
 
 Drumers 
 Moses Bradly, 
 William Ladd, 
 
 Soldiers 
 Eichard Bayly, 
 Amos Baly, 
 William Baly, 
 Daniel Bradly, 
 Amos Bradly, 
 Nathl Bradly, 
 George Corlicc, 
 Joseph Corlicc, 
 Samuel Clemont, 
 Micah Emei'son, 
 .^onathan Emerson Jr, 
 Peter Emerson, 
 Joseph Eaton, 
 
 Joseph Hanes. * 
 
 Nathan Heaseltine, 
 Joseph Hale, 
 John Kczer, 
 Ezckiel Ladd, 
 Ebenezer Mitchell, 
 Enoch Marble, 
 Samuel Merrill, 
 Joseph Hill Ordway, 
 William Page, 
 Nathan Parely, 
 John Smith, 
 John Smith Junr, 
 Samuel Silver, 
 John Silver Jun, 
 John Stuart, 
 
 Thomas Merril, 
 Samuel Cronnid, 
 Timothy Eaton, 
 John Swadock Corlice, 
 John Goss, 
 Benja Ordiway, 
 Daniel Ladd Jun, 
 Toothaker Webster Em- 
 * erson, 
 Amy Euhamy Hayns, 
 Ebenezer Baly Jun, 
 David Bradley, 
 Timothy Emerson Jun,- 
 James Webster, 
 Edward Ordiway, 
 Joseph Emerson 2d, 
 Jonathan HaiTice, 
 Joseph Atward, 
 Thomas Spear, 
 Jacob Woodard 
 
 Jonathan Sheppard Jun, N'athliel Clark, 
 
 d, 
 
 Stevene Webster 
 John Hastings, 
 *John Symonds, 
 David Harrice, 
 Daniel Heath, 
 William Hutchings, 
 AA'illiam Mitchell, 
 William Bradly, 
 Jeremiah Haseltine, 
 Peter Carlctou, 
 James Kimball, 
 
 James Atwood, 
 Jonathan Dustin Jun, 
 Samuel Bradly, 
 James Emerson Jun, 
 Jonathan Heaseltine, 
 Enoch Johnson, 
 Jonathan Simonds, 
 Samuel' Ayer, 
 Peter Ayer Jun, 
 David Haynes, 
 Jeremiah Hutchings, 
 
HISTORY OF HATERHILL. 
 
 349 
 
 Samuel Lovckin, 
 John Hcaseltine, 
 James ^Icn'ill, 
 Joshua Corlice, 
 Asa Ladd, 
 John Emerson Jun, 
 Humphry Baly, 
 Daniel GriflSng, 
 Joseph Heaselcine, 
 Josiah Brown, 
 Thomas Whitteker, 
 John Bradlj, 
 Joshua Emery, 
 Josiah Emerson, 
 
 Samuel Celley, 
 Page Herimon, 
 Daniel Heaseltine, 
 Peter Page, 
 Moses Webster, 
 Moses Merrill, 
 JamcsfEaton Jun, 
 Ithemore Emerson, 
 Obediah Belknap, 
 Moses Eaton, 
 Samuel Ordiway, 
 Pdchard Kelley, 
 Amous Emersen, 
 Elezer Emerson, 
 
 The Alarm List. 
 
 Jonathan Eaton 2d, 
 Abel Page, 
 Peter Webster,* 
 Enos Webster, 
 Isaac Webster, 
 Simon Ayer, 
 Samuel Webster, 
 Daniel Ladd, 
 John Emerson, 
 John Jaquish, 
 Samuel Whitteker, 
 John Marble, 
 James Emerson. 
 
 Ebenezer Webster, 
 Jonathan Herriman, 
 Amos Page, 
 David Merrill, 
 
 Eevd Samuel Batchelder Nathaniel Clemonts, 
 Dn William Ayer, Bradly Mitchel, 
 
 Dn Stephen Webster, William Boarmon, 
 Ens Stephen Whitteker, Stephen Gage, 
 Jonathan Marsh, John Clemonts, 
 
 Jeremiab Bayly, Thomas Webster, 
 
 Haverhill April Uth 1757 
 
 attest Bichard Ayer Clcr." 
 
 " A List of the third foot Company in Haverhill. 
 
 Capt Daniel Johnson, 
 Lieut Ruben Currier, 
 Ens Ezra Chase, 
 Sergants 
 Eobert Hunkins, 
 Joseph Kelley, 
 Lewis Page, 
 Ebenezer Colby, 
 Drummer 
 Amos Currier, 
 
 Samuel Ayer, 
 Samuel Bradbury, 
 Sanders Bradbury, 
 Thomas Bretman, 
 Calib Currier Jun, 
 Isaac Colby, 
 Theophelous Colby, 
 Ebenezer Chase, 
 Huben Currier Junr, 
 
 Samuel Davies, 
 John Davies, 
 Amos Davies, 
 Moses Eaton, 
 Nathaniel Edwards, 
 Samuel Esterbrooks, 
 Samuel Elee, 
 John Edwards, 
 Gedion George, 
 David George, 
 Gedion George Jun, 
 Samuel George, 
 William George, 
 Joseph Grelee Jur, 
 Stephen Gale, 
 William Guie, 
 Thomas Hunkings, 
 Eobert Hastings, 
 Maverick Johnson, 
 Seth Johnson, 
 
 Timothy Johnson, 
 John Jcflfers 
 Daniel Morison, 
 Samuel Morison, 
 Henry Morse, 
 Samuel Page, " 
 John Partridge, 
 AYilliam Page, 
 Samuel Sanders, 
 John 'Sanders, 
 Joseph Silliway, 
 Timothy Sweat, 
 Timothy Smith, 
 Benja Sanders, 
 Heny Sargent, 
 Samuel Sergant, 
 Ebenezer Wood, 
 Nathaniel Whittier. 
 
 ° Fetei' Webster, Kathl Sanders, and Avery Sanders, were taken prisoners at f urt W'm. Henr; in 1757. 
 
350 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 " The Alarm List. 
 
 Eevd Benja Parker, Thomas Cotle Benja Grelee, 
 
 Joseph Grelee, John Morse. Jacob SaBclers, 
 
 John George, Ebenezer Whittier, Joseph Nickels, 
 
 Haverhill March 17, 1757 
 
 attest Eichard Colby Cler." 
 
 From the above Kolls, it will be seen that the First Company was com- 
 posed of residents of the First Parish ; the Second, of those belonging in 
 the West Parish ; and the Third, of those in the East Parish. 
 
 On the 31st of July, Gov. Pownall received information hy express 
 that Montcalm, with a large force of French and Indians, was moving to 
 besiege Fort William Henry. He immediately hastened to forward re- 
 inforcements and supplies, but before they had reached their destination, 
 the gallant commander had been compelled to surrender. He did not 
 yield, however, until half his guns were burst, and his amunition was 
 expended. The Indians, with their usual ferocity, fell upon his troops 
 after they were disarmed ; and, in the slaughter which ensued, six hun- 
 dred dispersed among the woods and fled to Fort Edward, whither they 
 were followed by their comrades, one after another. 
 
 Immediately upon the above alarm, a detachment from each of the 
 three companies in this town was ordered to march to the relief of the be- 
 sieged garrison. Below we give the returns made for the first and third 
 companies ; that for the second we have been unable to find : — 
 
 '• A Muster Eoll of a Detachment out of the first Foot Company in 
 Haverhill, Commanded by Joseph Badger Junr, Ensign of said Company, 
 out of Lieut Coll John Osgood's Eegiment, that marched on the last alarm, 
 for the relief of Fort William Henry, as far as Worcester — August ye 
 16th 1757. 
 
 Ens Joseph Badger Jun Joel Harriman, Elisha Moodey, 
 
 Privates Thomas Whitaker, William Farnam, 
 
 Daniel Appelton, Nathaniel Eeddington, Samuel Eames, 
 
 Moses Marsh, Jonathan George, Asa Guile, 
 
 Timothy White Jun, John Baker, Benjamin Harris, 
 
 Samuel Middelton, Stephen Cross, Israel Morrill, 
 
 Samuel Middelton Jun, Nathaniel Johnson Jun, Michael Bowden, 
 
 Wintrop Bagley, Asa Tucker, Moses Ames, 
 
 John Knapp, Jeremiah Sticknee, Benjamin Fowler." 
 
 Aaron Sargent, Edward Eussell, 
 
 Timothy Kezar, Isaac Dow, 
 
 " A Muster Eoll of a Detachment out of the Third Foot Company 
 in Haverhill Commanded by Eeubcn Currier Lieut of said Com- 
 
HISTOKT OP nAYERHILL. S51 
 
 pany out of Lieut Coll John Osgood's Rcgement that marched on the Last 
 alarm for the Relief of Fort William Henry as far as Worcester, August 
 16: 1757. 
 
 Lieut E(juben Currier, Timothy Johnson, Thomas Butman, 
 
 John Sanders, Asa Currier, Calib Currier, 
 
 Ebenezer Wood, David .Morison, William Page." 
 
 Amos Davice, Henry Morse, 
 
 All the above, except Israel Morrill, (who was in service only three 
 days) were in service nine days, eight of which were occupied in travelling 
 to and from Worcester. They were "impressed" August loth, and 
 received two shillings and eight pence a day, each. 
 
 Since writing the above, we have found, among the papers relating to 
 the Reduction of Canada, the following roll of names, which, we think, 
 must be the missing list of those detached from the second foot company 
 at this time : — 
 
 John Osgood, Lt Coll 2d foot Company, 
 Maj Richard Saltonstall Capt, 
 
 Daniel Bradly 1st Lt, James Haseltine Cornet, Joseph Haynes, 
 Timothy Emerson 2d do Saml Haseltine " Toothaker Webster, 
 
 John Mitchel Ens, Joseph Emerson " Jonathan Marsh, 
 
 Jonathan Webster Serjt, Henry Bailey " IS^athl Clement, 
 
 Nathl Dustin " Moses Bradly Drum John Clement, 
 
 Saml Watts " Wm Ladd " Bradly Mitchell, 
 
 Jonathan Emerson " David Haynes, Jonathan Harriman, 
 
 Ammi R Haynes, Rev Saml Batcheldor. 
 
 Of the Haverhill men " in the capitulation," of August 9, we can only 
 find the following : — 
 
 In Capt Richard Saltonstall's Company : 
 
 Richard Saltonstall, Capt, entd Feb 12, dischgd Nov 7, 1757 
 Isaac Chase, Corp, " Mar 16, " Oct 23, " 
 
 Edmund Black, private, " "22, " " " 
 
 In the list of names of those "7iot in the capitulation," we find the 
 following'-'^ : — 
 
 Jonathan Blaisdell, private, entd Mar 15, Dischgd Sept 29 
 Philbrook Coleby, " " " 21, deserted] in Sept 
 
 Joshua Perry, " " " 14, Dischgd Dec 3 
 
 Thomas Stone, Corp, " " 21, ". Nov 17 
 
 Early in 1758, large preparations were made for a vigorous campaign. 
 Three expeditions were planned, — the first "to besiege Louisburg, the 
 
 ° The date of the list is December 23, 1757. 
 
 t Amona: the one hundred and thirty-three deserters from the Massachusetts forces in the year 1757. 
 we find only this Haverhill name I 
 
352 
 
 BISTORT OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 second to scour the Ohio valley, and the third to proceed against Ticonder- 
 oga and Crown Point, — all of them having in view as a grand object and 
 aim, the reduction of Canada. 
 
 The following gleanings from the muster rolls of this year show that 
 our town was well represented in the campaign : — 
 
 "EETUENof the Men inlisted for his Majesty's Service within the 
 Province of the Massachusetts Bay in the Eegiment whereof John Osgood 
 Jun, Esq : is Colonel, to be put under the immediate Command of His 
 Excellency JEFFKY AMHEEST, Esqr : General and Commander in 
 Chief of His Majesty's Forces in North America, for the Invation of 
 CANADA." 
 
 
 Where Resident. 
 
 AVilliam Atwood .... 
 
 James Scamons 
 
 Samuell Middleton. . 
 
 David Farnum 
 
 Benja Fowle 
 
 Wm Eichardson .... 
 Ebcnezer Kimball . . . 
 
 Obediah Page 
 
 Wm Clements 
 
 George Hadly 
 
 Sampson French , . . , 
 Joshua Springer. . . . 
 Philbrook Colby.... 
 
 Jackson West 
 
 Joshua Heath 
 
 William Cook 
 
 Sampson French Jur 
 
 Joseph Morse 
 
 John Guile 
 
 James Eix 
 
 Timothy Johnson . . . 
 Benja Hunkiugs, . . . 
 
 Caleb Currier 
 
 William Page. . .-.-. 
 
 Michel Page 
 
 Joseph Osilaway. ... 
 Moses Worthien, .... 
 William Farmer .... 
 
 Apl G 
 " 6 
 
 
 
 Hav 
 
 3rhill 
 
 Mar 28 
 
 1758 
 
 L. George 
 
 
 
 " 28 
 
 <i 
 
 
 
 
 " 23 
 
 11 
 
 
 
 
 " 29 
 
 <( 
 
 
 
 
 Apl 2 
 Mar 28 
 
 <( 
 
 
 
 
 i Apl 2 
 Mar 28 
 
 
 
 
 
 " 28 
 
 1757 
 
 
 
 
 " 29 
 
 K 
 
 
 
 
 Apl 4 
 
 Mar 28 
 
 
 
 
 
 " 28 
 
 <.' 
 
 
 
 
 " 31 
 
 (( 
 
 
 
 
 ' Apl 6 
 Mar 28 
 
 <( 
 
 
 
 
 " 27 
 
 <( 
 
 
 
 
 " 27 
 
 << 
 
 
 
 
 " 29 
 
 1758 
 
 
 
 
 " 29 
 
 (( 
 
 
 
 
 " 29 
 
 (( 
 
 
 
 
 " 29 
 
 (( 
 
 
 
 
 " 29 
 
 <( 
 
 
 
 
 Apl 2 
 
 Mir *?4. 
 
 <( 
 
 
 Sinr 
 
 own 
 erhill 
 
 Apl 2 
 
 1758 
 
 L. George 
 
 Hav 
 
 18 
 18 
 46 
 44 
 26 
 21 
 18 
 27 
 18 
 18 
 40 
 25 
 23 
 17 
 17 
 18 
 17 
 21 
 19 
 17 
 21 
 18 
 19 
 21 
 18 
 39 
 39 
 19 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 353 
 
 Corp 
 
 IFollowing tlie above are tte names of ten others, from Bradford, New- 
 hvLTy, &c., but none from Haverhill. Of the following names, a part only 
 were Haverhill men ; but as so.me of them were, and ' we are unable to 
 designate all of them with certainty, we copy the whole list : — 
 
 " Eoll of Capt John Hazzen of Haverhill, for the Eeduction of Ticon- 
 deroga & Crown Point." 
 John Hazzen, Capt, Stephen Prescutt, 
 John Goife Jun 1st Lieut Xathan Colly, 
 Joseph White 2d Lieut Silas Flood, 
 Wm Eichardson Ensign Eichard Dow, 
 Jabez Hoight Sergeant Eichard Knight, 
 
 Jeremiah Kent, 
 
 John Lovewell, 
 
 Daniel Flood, 
 
 Parish Eichardson, 
 
 Caleb Marble, 
 
 Jessa Wilson, 
 
 Wm Whittaker, 
 
 Noah Emery, 
 
 Joshua Howard, 
 
 James Dow, 
 
 Jeremiah Dow, 
 
 Amos Pollard, 
 
 Jona Stevens, 
 
 Daniel Clifford, 
 
 Abner Sawyer, 
 
 Jonas Clay, 
 
 Abel Wright, 
 
 Wm Heath, 
 
 Henry Benson, 
 
 Wm Flanders, 
 
 Enoch Hale, 
 
 In addition to the above, we find in Captain William Osgood's company, 
 Oliver Page, who served from April 1, to November 15, 1758. 
 
 But our limits will not allow us to follow up the whole history of this 
 war ; and with the following extracts, showing the names of those from 
 our town who took part in the struggle, and shared in the glorious results, 
 we must again turn our attention homeward. We may, however, be per- 
 mitted to say, in passing, that the campaign of 1758 was a brilliant one. 
 In July, Louisburg was taken ; the next month. Fort Frontenac surren- 
 dered ; and in November, Fort du Quesne (now Pittsburg) was wrested 
 from the French. The next year, the British arms were completely suc- 
 cessful. In July, Niagara and Ticonderoga were taken, and when, on the 
 45 
 
 Benja Stone 
 Mathew Bryant 
 James Bryant 
 Jona Kemble 
 Beuj Batchelder 
 Stephen Page " 
 
 Stephen Dow " 
 
 Aaron Copps, Private 
 Thomas Crofford, 
 Bond Little, 
 Joseph Sawyer, 
 David Copps, 
 Caleb Emery, 
 John Grage, 
 Joshua Chase 
 Joshua Gile, 
 Joseph Gage, 
 Eobert Cannada, 
 Joseph Webster, 
 Thomas Cannada, 
 James Duston, 
 
 Peter Whitteker, 
 John Tarbox, 
 Phillip Emerson, 
 Levi Wyman, 
 Asa Curtis, 
 Jona Colby, 
 John Giles, 
 Jona Worster, 
 Edmind Colby, 
 Abner Wheeler, 
 Asa Worster, 
 John Foster, 
 Eobert Young, 
 Jona Hunt, 
 Eobert Greenough, 
 Jona Stickney, 
 Josiah Heath, 
 Benoni Coburu, 
 Micajah Morrill, 
 Timothy Pa^e, 
 Benoni Eowell, 
 Nathl Wood, 
 Francis Knowlton, 
 Joseph Lovewell. 
 
■>C)4 niSTORV OF nATEKHItr, 
 
 1 ti; 0;' Sr/'onr (.-!•. Q^it'rot s;iuToiitIcrcd, tLc joy of tLc j eefle sccitcil i& 
 
 iu li. .,■•>. i,>.,i -n 11. e foot comprinj of Captain Saitucl George„ 
 dated I'cl;viu,i} 7. \7i'.iK ve fmtl Joseph SiUiway entered JNJay 2, dis- 
 cbarged Noveiu' cr 20/' Joseph Springer entered April 3, discharged 
 Novcm'.er 20. 
 
 In tlie Muster Roll of the regiment of John Osgood, Jr., "for the invar- 
 siou of Canada." were 
 
 Col Richurd Saltonstall, 
 Capt Edmund Moorcs, 
 
 J:imcs Emerson, iulisted Apl 6,. aged 48 
 
 Rx-hard Knight " ?>& 
 
 Timothy Kimball Mar 29, 18 
 
 Bciij:i Emery Apl G, 2;] 
 
 Nathl Bixhee " ]1> 
 
 Joseph Hutching Jur, Mar 29, 1 & 
 
 D.uiiel Griffing " 31, 29 
 
 Wilkes West Apl 3, 19 
 
 Timothy Clements " 6, 49 
 
 Dowf " &, 41 
 
 " 6, 21 
 
 Captain Edmund Aloocrs' company, in Colonel Bagley's regiment, for 
 the Roda;tion of Canada,| consisted of one hundred and one men. The 
 following were from Haverhill : — 
 
 Edmund Mooers Esq, Captain, entered Mar 13, Dischd Dec 9 
 
 Jonathan Buck, Lieut 
 
 
 tl 
 
 " 
 
 .. 
 
 Nov 20 
 
 Peter Carleton 
 
 
 n 
 
 (. 
 
 (< 
 
 Nov 20 
 
 Samuel Fot-tor, Serjt 
 
 
 " 
 
 Apl 8, 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 Timothy White, " 
 
 
 « 
 
 t< 
 
 >s 
 
 i< 
 
 David Farnam, " 
 
 
 " 
 
 if 
 
 It 
 
 Oct 2(5 
 
 John Baker, '* 
 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 <( 
 
 Nov 20 
 
 David Eaton, Corporal 
 
 
 " 
 
 Apl 1, 
 
 '* 
 
 " 
 
 Bartholomew Pe.ker. " 
 
 
 " 
 
 '• 8, 
 
 it 
 
 tt 
 
 Samuel Middlctou, 
 
 
 " 
 
 " " 
 
 It 
 
 " 
 
 Joliu ih-aulry, Drummer 
 
 
 n 
 
 " 3, 
 
 " 
 
 it 
 
 Jonath;>n Serjeant, Friv 
 
 ate 
 
 n 
 
 (( t< 
 
 t» 
 
 tt 
 
 Richard Siraonds " 
 
 
 " 
 
 Mar SO, 
 
 " 
 
 " II 
 
 John Steward '* 
 
 
 *'. 
 
 Apl 4, 
 
 " 
 
 " 3 
 
 Ebenezcr Kimball " 
 
 . 
 
 n- 
 
 tt It 
 
 (» 
 
 -20 
 
 - i7oS. t li'.^^t name iUegiliU;. X 1 
 
 7o», 
 
 
 
 
 
HISTOUT OF HAVERniLL. 
 
 355 
 
 Joshua Perry Private entered 
 
 Mar 30 
 
 Dischd 
 
 Nov 20 
 
 James Leacount 
 
 (< 
 
 *i 
 
 A pi 
 
 7 
 
 " 
 
 Oct 21 
 
 Henry Greenleaf 
 
 << 
 
 tt 
 
 it 
 
 8, 
 
 to 
 
 Nov 20 
 
 Samuel Stickney 
 
 << 
 
 tt 
 
 tt 
 
 tt 
 
 tt 
 
 a tt 
 
 Moses Little 
 
 << 
 
 ti 
 
 tt 
 
 7, 
 
 " 
 
 it tt 
 
 Elisha Moody 
 
 n 
 
 tt 
 
 Mar 
 
 3, 
 
 died 
 
 June 24 
 
 Benjamin Fowle 
 
 << 
 
 ti 
 
 Apl 
 
 10, 
 
 to 
 
 Nov 20 
 
 Ezra Cottle 
 
 << 
 
 *' 
 
 << 
 
 U 
 
 " 
 
 " 20 
 
 John Swoodick Corliss 
 
 i< 
 
 ti 
 
 it 
 
 3 
 
 a 
 
 ti 4 
 
 John Pell 
 
 << 
 
 *' 
 
 it 
 
 8 
 
 ti 
 
 tt << 
 
 Daniel Williams 
 
 *( 
 
 tt 
 
 tt 
 
 a 
 
 it 
 
 -<i it 
 
 Enoch Marsh 
 
 4< 
 
 it 
 
 tt 
 
 10 
 
 il 
 
 Aug G 
 
 Timothy Kezer 
 
 " 
 
 tt 
 
 ti 
 
 it 
 
 tt 
 
 Nov 20 
 
 Michal Bowden 
 
 M 
 
 tt 
 
 a 
 
 8 
 
 tt 
 
 «< il 
 
 William Clement 
 
 it 
 
 ti 
 
 a 
 
 tt 
 
 it 
 
 Dec 3 
 
 William Colb}'' 
 
 H 
 
 tt 
 
 -it 
 
 12 
 
 ti 
 
 Oct 9 
 
 Joseph Hale 
 
 it 
 
 it 
 
 tt 
 
 13 
 
 " 
 
 Nov 20 
 
 Silvanus Heath 
 
 11 
 
 it 
 
 May 
 
 1 
 
 it 
 
 « 3 
 
 George Hadley 
 
 ^•t 
 
 i* 
 
 Apl 
 
 8 
 
 ti 
 
 "20 
 
 Daniel Appleton 
 
 a 
 
 ti 
 
 June 
 
 1 
 
 ti 
 
 it it 
 
 Jonathan Urien 
 
 it 
 
 ti 
 
 May 
 
 2 
 
 ti 
 
 it it 
 
 Daniel Ladd Jun 
 
 tt 
 
 tt 
 
 Apl 
 
 4 
 
 li 
 
 it tt 
 
 Ebenezer Bailey Jun 
 
 ti 
 
 •' 
 
 <( 
 
 it 
 
 tt 
 
 It it 
 
 Jonathan Harris 
 
 tt 
 
 <( 
 
 it 
 
 U 
 
 killed 
 
 Aug 8 
 
 Webster Emerson 
 
 tt 
 
 tt 
 
 it 
 
 3 
 
 to 
 
 Nov 20 ■ 
 
 David Merrill 
 
 tt 
 
 " 
 
 jt 
 
 7 
 
 it 
 
 tt ti 
 
 John Goss 
 
 4< 
 
 it 
 
 It 
 
 7 
 
 ti 
 
 << <( 
 
 Peter Emerson 
 
 << 
 
 tt 
 
 tt 
 
 U 
 
 '♦ 
 
 tt it 
 
 William Hutchins 
 
 It 
 
 ti 
 
 4t 
 
 3 
 
 it 
 
 it it 
 
 Samuel Crowel 
 
 Ml 
 
 it 
 
 ti 
 
 14 
 
 tt 
 
 tt it 
 
 Micah Amy 
 
 it 
 
 ti 
 
 " 
 
 10 
 
 ti 
 
 tt tt 
 
 Daniel Corly 
 
 tt 
 
 ti 
 
 " 
 
 13 
 
 " 
 
 it it 
 
 John Foot 
 
 tt 
 
 tt 
 
 " 
 
 11 
 
 tt 
 
 ti tt 
 
 Nathaniel Webster 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 l( 
 
 1 
 
 a 
 
 it tt 
 
 Joseph Mooers 
 
 tt 
 
 a 
 
 Maj 
 
 ■ 2 
 
 tt 
 
 " 11 
 
 Jonathan Haselton 
 
 ti 
 
 «« 
 
 " 
 
 (( 
 
 it 
 
 " 13 
 
 James Emerson^ 
 
 <( 
 
 <c 
 
 tt 
 
 a 
 
 ti 
 
 " 20 
 
 AVinslow Piichardson 
 
 >( 
 
 <( 
 
 a 
 
 it 
 
 " 
 
 " " 
 
 ° i'nim Jiiim s Emerson's lutition to the Goii' ral Court, shortly afterward, «e learn thit in rnanh'nsf 
 from Crown Point to Ticuudero^a. December 20, 1700, he fell through the ice, I'St h's pack. an<l narrowly 
 escaped death. He was so badly frost-bitten that he was forty days in gettinj; h ine, and was conlined 
 for thirty days alter arriving home. He was "at Cape Breton, aud ia tbt service evej'/ year siuce the 
 begiaaing of tb« Canada expeditioo." 
 
S56 
 
 HISTORY OF HATERHIXI. 
 
 entd Feb 14 to Dec 30 
 
 " 29 
 
 In the rolls for 1760, we find the following from Haverhill 
 In Capt Henry Young Brown's Company were 
 
 H Young Brown Capt 
 
 John Page Serj 
 
 Wm Farnum " 
 
 Wm Colby Pr " Mar 10 
 
 ■Nathaniel Moulton" " Feb 29 
 
 Daniel Milliken " 
 
 Moses Sanborn " 
 • Charles Hall " 
 
 In the Company of Samuel Watts, of Haverhill, 
 
 Samuel Watts Capt ent June 10 to Jan 1 1761 
 
 John Bayley Corp «' 18 " Dec 28 
 
 Francis Dinsmore Pr " 28 " " 2 
 
 John Gile " " 14 " " 2 
 
 Daniel Hibbard " " 27 " " 
 
 In the Company of Nathl Bailey 
 
 Wm Mores ent Apl 14 
 
 Benonie Wigans " " 7 to Dec 6 
 In the Muster Eoll of Capt Joseph Smith, of Eowley, from Feb 14 to 
 Dec 9, 1760," were 
 
 Nathan Baker Lieut 
 
 ent Feb 14 to Dec 4 
 
 Eobert Peasley Ens 
 
 
 i a It i 
 
 
 . John Bradley Serj 
 
 < 
 
 ' Mar 10 ' 
 
 
 William Greorge Corp 
 
 
 t tt 31 t 
 
 
 Edmund Black Private 
 
 " Feb 29 ' 
 
 
 Ezra Cottle 
 
 (( 
 
 " Mar 31 ' 
 
 
 David Clemens 
 
 <( 
 
 " Apl 14 ' 
 
 
 Benja Durgan, 
 
 << 
 
 " Mar 8 ' 
 
 
 Benja Davis (dead) 
 
 <( 
 
 " Apl 14 ' 
 
 ' Oct 10 
 
 Moses Duston 
 
 <i 
 
 " Feb 29 ' 
 
 ' Dec 4 
 
 David Eaton 
 
 << 
 
 '* Mar 10 ' 
 
 t It a 
 
 Eichard Emerson 
 
 " 
 
 ( tt tt t 
 
 I tt a 
 
 Nathaniel Eaton 
 
 It 
 
 t It tt t 
 
 I tt tt 
 
 David Faruom (dead) 
 
 i( t 
 
 ' Feb 29 ' 
 
 ' Dec 12 
 
 Sampson French 
 
 it ( 
 
 ' Apl 8 ' 
 
 . it 4 
 
 Timothy George 
 
 (< 
 
 ' Mar 31 ' 
 
 ' " 4 
 
 John Hazelton 
 
 <( ( 
 
 " 10 ' 
 
 1 it It 
 
 William Hutchins 
 
 a ( 
 
 ( It it I 
 
 I it a 
 
 * This was a " Batteaux Company." 
 
357 
 
 Josepli Kimball 
 
 Jonathan Kimball 
 
 Daniel Ladd 
 
 Henry Maxfield 
 
 David Merrel 
 
 Edward Ordaway 
 
 James Pearson 
 
 James Eix 
 
 Eichard Simons 
 
 Ezekiel Stone 
 
 Joshua Trussell " " " " " " " 
 
 The following is a list of the Haverhill names in the Muster Eoll of 
 Captain Edmund Mooers' Company, dated '4.from Nov 2, 1759 to January 
 7, 1761." 
 
 Edmund Mooers, Capt, entered Nov 2, 1759, to Feb 1, 1761 
 
 HISTORY 
 
 OF 
 
 HAVERniLL. 
 
 
 
 Private 
 
 ent 
 
 Mar 10 
 
 to 
 
 Dec 4 
 
 il 
 
 
 
 Eeb 29 
 
 
 i( it 
 
 (( 
 
 
 
 Mar 27 
 
 
 " 5 
 
 (1 
 
 
 
 Eeb 29 
 
 
 " 4 
 
 " 
 
 
 
 Mar 13 
 
 
 (< (< 
 
 T " 
 
 
 
 " 10 
 
 
 << <( 
 
 <( 
 
 
 
 " 10 
 
 
 <i <( 
 
 << 
 
 
 
 Eeb 29 
 
 
 11 It 
 
 (( 
 
 
 
 Eeb 29 
 
 
 Jan 10 
 
 << 
 
 
 
 Mar 10 
 
 <( 
 
 Dec 4 
 
 William Grreenleaf, Lieut 
 Daniel Griffin 
 Timothy Johnson 
 Samuel Middleton 
 William Atwood 
 William Clements, 
 William Cook 
 James Cook 
 Benja Emory 
 Phillip Emerson 
 Benja Eowls 
 Sampson Erench 
 Daniel Greenleaf 
 Joseph Hutchins 
 George Hadley 
 Joshua Heath 
 Benja Hunkins 
 Eben Kimball 
 Jos Orsilliway 
 William Page 
 Michael Page 
 Winslow Eichardson 
 James Scammon 
 Jackson West 
 Philbrook Colby 
 
 Jan 12 
 " 2 
 " 12 
 
 " Jan 17 
 " " 5 
 " " 12 
 
 5 
 12 
 
 17 
 12 
 
358 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 In the returo of enlistments for 1760, we find Josiali lugraham, Samuel 
 Steward, Timotliy Kimball, John Jakish, James Webster. The above 
 enlisted between March 6th and April 9th, 1760. 
 
 In the Muster Eoll of Captain Thomas Swett's company, March 19th, 
 1761, we find 
 
 Henry Marshall, entered June 14, Dischd Dec 8. 
 In that of Captain Aaron Fay's company : — 
 
 John White, entered Apl 25, Dischgd June 14. 
 In that of Captain David White's company : — 
 
 Solomon Gage, entered May 9, Dischgd Nov 24. 
 In Captain Nathaniel Bailey's company, were 
 
 Joshua Perrey Serjt (dead) from Mar 10 to Sept 15 
 Abel Hadley Corp «' Apl 14 " Dec 6 
 
 Joseph Atwood Private " Mar 10 " " " 
 
 Jona Barker " " " 24 " " " 
 
 In the fall of 1760, the Collector of this town was allowed the rates of 
 the following persons, who " were gone into his Majesties Sarvice." 
 
 Joseph Oselway, Joseph Springer, Vv'illiam Page, 
 
 Timothy Johnson, David Chalice, Mickel Page, 
 
 Benjamin Hunkings, Gideon Chalice, Elias Johnson, 
 
 In the " Pay Roll of Capt Mooers' Company from Apl 8, 1761, to Jan 
 1, 1762," we find 
 
 Edmund Mooers, Capt, 
 Nathan Baker Lieut 
 John White, Ensign 
 William Atwood Serjt 
 Charles Hall, Drummer 
 Edmund Black, Private 
 William Cook " 
 
 Thomas Corser " 
 
 Samuel Corser " 
 
 Joseph Emerson " 
 James Emerson " 
 
 Webster Emerson " 
 Nathaniel Eaton " 
 George Hadley " 
 
 Zechh Humerford " 
 Negro Jack (Servt 
 
 Edmd Mooers) " 
 Jonathan Simonds " 
 
 from Apl 
 
 18 
 
 to 
 
 Jan 1 
 
 (( 
 
 <( 
 
 <( 
 
 
 Dec 7 
 
 << 
 
 << 
 
 (( 
 
 
 Nov 17 
 
 << 
 
 July 
 
 1 
 
 
 Dec 7 
 
 << 
 
 June 
 
 29 
 
 << 
 
 " 6 
 
 << 
 
 (< 
 
 9 
 
 << 
 
 " 7 
 
 << 
 
 <( 
 
 12 
 
 " 
 
 << <( 
 
 <i 
 
 June 
 
 13 
 
 " 
 
 << <( 
 
 <( 
 
 July 
 
 9 
 
 <« 
 
 <( << 
 
 << 
 
 << 
 
 15 
 
 (< 
 
 Nov 17 
 
 <( 
 
 May 
 
 29 
 
 <( 
 
 <( it 
 
 <( 
 
 June 
 
 23 
 
 <( 
 
 Dec 7 
 
 (( 
 
 July 
 
 19 
 
 
 (( <i 
 
 << 
 
 May 
 
 12 
 
 
 Nov 17 
 
 
 July 
 << 
 
 1 
 21 
 
 << 
 
 Dec 7 
 
 <i 
 
 <( 
 
 1 
 
 (( 
 
 << << 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 Private 
 
 359 
 
 David "Wells Private from June 26 to Dec 7 
 Nathaniel Asli " " Aug 22 deserted. 
 
 In the Pay Poll of Captain Henry Young Brown's-- company for April, 
 1761, to Febi'uary, 1762, were the following: — 
 
 Hy Yg Brown, Capt, from Apl 18, 1761 to Feby 7, 1762 
 
 " Jany 6 " 
 
 ' " Dec 13 " 
 
 " Jan 11 " 
 
 " " 6 
 
 I <( <( Q It 
 
 James Scammon, Serjt 
 
 " May 4 
 
 John Bradley " 
 
 " Apl 29 
 
 Jacob Brown Corp 
 
 " May 1 
 
 Wm Clement " 
 
 <( ii ^ 
 
 Saml Middleton " 
 
 " 28 
 
 Ezra Gatchell Drumer 
 
 " " 18 
 
 Samuel Annis Private 
 
 " " 1 
 
 Phinehas Ash " 
 
 " Apl 23 
 
 Benj Dow " 
 
 " May 4 
 
 Jno Moody Gilman " 
 
 .. 1 
 
 Job Gage " 
 
 <( <i 'J 
 
 Nathaniel Gilman " 
 
 " " 6 
 
 William Guye " 
 
 w 1 
 
 Asa Hanniford " 
 
 " 29 
 
 David Heath 
 
 " «« 22 
 
 David Kimball 
 
 << << ^ 
 
 Timothy Kimball " 
 
 " 11 
 
 Daniel Levett " 
 
 " 29 
 
 John McKissich " 
 
 .. 1 
 
 Peter Middleton ♦' 
 
 " 16 
 
 Hezh Marsh 
 
 " June 2 
 
 David Moody '• 
 
 " May 6 
 
 Henry Maxfield " 
 
 .< 11 
 
 Elipha Maxfield «' 
 
 " 4 
 
 Oliver Page " 
 
 « 7 
 
 Francis Perry " 
 
 " Apl 29 
 
 Wm Wilks Perry " 
 
 " 
 
 John Eowe " 
 
 " May 29 
 
 Eeuben Sergeant " 
 
 " Apl 24 
 
 Simn Smith " 
 
 " May 11 
 
 Eichd Simons " 
 
 " " 
 
 Frans Whittier " 
 
 " " 16 
 
 ( (( 
 
 10 
 
 < << 
 
 6 
 
 ( ti 
 
 II 
 
 t II 
 
 6 
 
 ' Dec 
 
 13 
 
 ' Jan 
 
 6 
 
 1 II 
 
 II 
 
 * Nov 
 
 24 
 
 ' Jan 
 
 6 
 
 I 1. 
 
 II 
 
 1 11 
 
 13 
 
 1 II 
 
 6 
 
 " Dec 13 
 
 '^ Captain Brown served through the whole war, and with snch acceptance, that in 1770, the General 
 Court granted him eleven thousand acres of land on Saco River, — where, we believe, he settled, and Uis 
 descendants btill reside. 
 
May 7 
 
 i-i 
 
 " 3 
 
 " " 18 
 
 li << 
 
 '« " 23 
 
 Mar 19 
 
 " Jan 1 
 
 " 17 
 
 " Nov 18 
 
 May 7 
 
 " " 1 
 
 360 aiSTORY OP HAVEEHILt/. 
 
 Jackson West " from May 4 1761 to Dec 13 1672 
 Benja Weed " " " " " " " " " 
 
 Nathl West " " "11 " «< Jan 7 " 
 
 Nathl Weed " " " 7 " " Dec 13 " 
 
 In tlie Pay Eoll of Captain Moses Parker's Company (Chelmsford) were 
 Levi Cottle Private from May 12 to Jany 10 
 Jesse Turrell " • " Mar 19 " Nov 1 
 Moses Sanborn " " May 3 " " " 
 
 In tlie Pay Eoll of Henry Young Brown's='-= Company from March 4, 
 1762, to November 30, 1762, we find 
 
 Moses Greenougb, Serjt, from March 17 to Nov 18 
 Jacob Brown " " " " «' " <' 
 
 Samuel Annis Private " 
 Eichard Colby " " 
 
 Wm Colby " " 
 
 Wm Cook 
 
 Isaac Colby " " 
 
 Moses Dusten " " 
 
 In the Pay Eoll of Captain John Nixon's Company, from July 1, 1762, 
 to January 7, 1763, were 
 
 John White, Ensign, from July 1 to Nov 29 
 James Emerson private •' " " " " 23 
 Joseph Emerson " " " '* " " " 
 
 Samuel Middleton " " " " " " " 
 
 From the foregoing lists of names, it will be seen that Haverhill fur- 
 nished its full proportion of soldiers during the whole of this war. We 
 regret that we cannot give more definite information in regard to the names 
 and number of those killed, wounded, or captured, but the meagreness of 
 the records as to individual histories, and the time which has elapsed since 
 the occurrences took place, have put it beyond our power to do so. We 
 have no doubt that other persons from this town, besides those whose 
 names we have given, were in the service ; but, as the place of residence 
 or enlistment is not always given in the rolls, and as it frec^uently hap- 
 pened that persons of the same name, but from diiferent towns, were found 
 in those lists where the residence was given, we have found it impossible 
 to obtain a more perfect list. As a specimen of the imperfection of the 
 records, we may cite the fact, that although Dr. James Brickett of this 
 
 ^ Middle UMnes are very seldoba met with previous to 1730, and from that time they increased slowly 
 until about 1780, when they were considered " fashionable," Captain Brown was one of the first Haver- 
 hill men we find thus honored. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 361 
 
 town was in Colonel Frye's regiment, as surgeon's mate, from March 30, 
 1759, to July 30, 1760, yet we do not find his name in any of the rolls, 
 and were it not for his petition in 1761, for his pay, we should hardly 
 have known that he was in the service at all. 
 46 
 
362 HISTORY OS" HAVERHILL. 
 
 CHAPTEE XXII. 
 
 THE REVOLUTION. 1765 TO 1783. 
 
 Although the war with France had resulted in the. expulsion of the 
 latter from all their possessions in the northern part of America, it had 
 been carried on at a vast expense, and had added largely to the national 
 debt of England. To relieve it from future embarrassments of this sort, 
 the scheme was suggested of raising a revenue in America. The first act 
 in this direction was the revival of the sugar act, in 1764. This placed a 
 duty on sugar, molasses, coflFee, wines, &c., of foreign production, and 
 required that the proceeds of the tax should be paid into the treasury of 
 England. 
 
 An act laying duties on some of these articles had existed since 1733, 
 but had never been rigidly enforced.. But now instructions were given to 
 the officers of the customs to enforce the law rigidly. This action led to a 
 discussion of the right of parliament to tax the colonies. James Otis 
 wrote a pamphlet, in which he denied the right ; and the House of Eep- 
 resentatives of Massachusetts took the same side of the question. Boston 
 instructed her representatives to use their exertions to procure a repeal of 
 the act. The discussion of this question developed such bold views of 
 independency as to alarm the British ministry, and the measures they 
 adopted only tended to widen the breach. 
 
 On the 22d of March, the " Stamp Act" was passed, to go into efiect 
 on the first of the November following. This act required the people of 
 the American Colonies, in all their legal and mercantile transactions, to 
 use papers stamped with the Eoyal Seal. It was spiritedly opposed, how- 
 ever, by the Colonies, especially in Boston, where the inhabitants collected 
 and assaulted the house of Lieutenant-Governor Hutchinson, ■who was a 
 warm friend of the act. In other places, the bells were tolled, and effigies 
 of the stamp-officers were burnt. So strong was the excitement, that 
 every stamp-officer throughout the country, unable to resist the public 
 opinion, resigned his commission, and when the time arrived for the act to 
 go into operation, there were neither stamped papers to be found, nor offi- 
 cers to execute the act. . 
 
HISTORY 01" HAVERHILL. 363 
 
 The feeling in this town may be judged by the following proceedings of 
 a meeting specially warned a few days before the act was to go into opera- 
 tion : — 
 
 At a meeting of the town, October 14th, 1765, called " To see what 
 Instructions the Town will give to their Eepresentative Eelating to the 
 stamp act & Excise act ; or Concerning anything else as they shall Judge 
 proper," &c., "the following Eesolves and Instructions were considered 
 and voted : Whereas some matters of great Importance to this Town & 
 province In general are likely to Come under Consideration at the next 
 sitting of our great and general Court ; it is therefore thought proper at 
 this Critical Juncture to draw up and give our representative Coll Salton- 
 gtall some special Instructions & resolves & to lodge a Copy of them In 
 our Cleark's office : 
 
 As the time prefixed by act of parliment is neare when these much des- 
 puted & oppressive Stamped papers were required ; when our navigation, 
 Courts of Justice, &c may not be carryed on without them ; & the ofi"end- 
 ers against said act be subjected to a Court of admiralty ; unless it be 
 repealed of which we have no certain account, it is resolved that we Es- 
 ! teem it our Indspencable duty to pay a due regard to all the Legall 
 Injunctions of our King & parliment ; & to duly resent all arbitrary Im- 
 positions ; & to declare that we think the Stamp act to be unconstitutional ; 
 which with the Extensive power lately granted to Courts of admiralty are 
 great Infringments upon our rights and priviledges ; & that they were un- 
 justly obtained by reason of wrong Information ; and recommend it to our 
 Eepresentetive to Exert himself to the utmost of his power for the Eecov- 
 ery or preservation of our Just liberties hopeing that what has & may be 
 done by the several Colonies In America will convince those who preside 
 at the head of affairs in our mother Country that the Stamp act & such 
 Exertions of power would not only ruin their Colonys but greatly affect 
 and distress trade & the manufactories in England ; & Influence them the 
 Guardians of libertie to restraine the power of Courts of admiralty to pro- 
 per bounds ; & to promote & procure the repeale of said act as best for the 
 nation in general ; and there having been of late several rioatous assem- 
 blies within this province that committed great violence on the persons & 
 Estates of Sundry persons who were suffered to destroy & pillage houses, 
 &c, which require large Damages to the unhappy sufferers ; it is resolved 
 that we beare Testimony against all such proceedings and Eeccommend it 
 to our Eepresentetive that an act or law of the Province be made require- 
 ing that all the like Damages by any such rioutous assemblies then or 
 hereafter shall be satisfied & paid agreeable to the laws of England by the 
 
364 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 Town whare permitted to be done & not by the province in general ; It is 
 also Kesolved that our Eepresentetive use his Influence that there be no 
 Excise on Tea Coffie &c for the future ; Kesolved that he use his Influence 
 that Excise be taken off' from the private Consumption of Liquers ; and 
 that it be not more then four pence on the Gallon to Licensed persons 
 and that he use his Influence for taking of the oath Respecting other Grov- 
 ernments money or bills of the other Governments." 
 
 There could be no mistaking the spirit and meaning of the American 
 people in this matter, and the British government hastened to repeal the 
 obnoxious act. 
 
 In July, 1766, Governor Wentworth, of New Hampshire, was appointed 
 by the King " Surveyor General of all his Majesty's woods in North 
 America," for the purpose of putting into execution the acts of parliament 
 concerning the preservation of " the King's woods from trespass & waste." 
 By these acts, all white pine trees from fifteen to thirty-six inches in 
 diameter, were reserved for the royal navy, and any owner of land, before 
 he commenced cutting, was under the necessity of employing a deputy 
 surveyor to mark the trees upon his land, reserved for the use of the king, 
 and if he neglected to have his land thus surveyed, either from inability 
 to pay for such survey, or other cause, and proceeded to cut his timber, 
 the same was forfeited to the king ! In this way, whole mill-yards of 
 lumber, got out by the settlers for building their houses, and barns, were 
 often forfeited. Seizures were made in all parts of the Province, wherever 
 the pine abounded, and mills had been erected. Samuel Blodget, of Gofi"s- 
 town, was appointed, in February, 1772, deputy surveyor for thirty-one 
 towns in the province of New Hampshire, and the towns of Haverhill, 
 Andover, Dracut, Chelmsford, and Ipswich, in the province of Massachu- 
 setts Bay. 
 
 The seizures and proceedings under this law of parliament, tended 
 greatly to aggravate the people wherever such proceedings were had, and 
 fostered the deep-seated feeling of discontent. 
 
 While the colonies were resting from the agitation into which they had 
 been thrown by the past acts of the British parliament, that body was pre- 
 paring new causes of excitement. England could not yet relinquish her 
 scheme of raising a revenue in America, and besides passing an act laying 
 duties on glass, painter's colors, tea, and paper, she passed another, assert- 
 ing a right " to make laws of sufficient force and validity to bind the 
 colonies in all cases whatsoever," and established a board of commissioners 
 for the management of the customs in America. 
 
 I 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 365 
 
 The passage of these acts occasioned at first no violent outbreaks, like 
 those which followed the stamp act, but rather a firm determination of the 
 people to abstain from the use of the dutiable articles, and to encourage, 
 by every means, domestic manufactures of every kind. But the strict 
 execution of the revenue act, at length produced new mobs and riots in the 
 seaport towns, which led the government to call to its support a naval and 
 military force. 
 
 At this juncture, Samuel Adams drew up a remonstrance against the 
 revenue act, which was read in the House of Eepresentatives, and after 
 being debated several days ; " Seven times revised ; every word weighed ; 
 every sentence considered ; " it was adopted to be sent to the agent at 
 Court, and to be published to the world as expressing the unchangable 
 opinion of Massachusetts. A proposition was then made and adopted, to 
 lay these proceedings before the other colonies, that, " if they thought fit, 
 they might join them," and a masterly circular, also draughted by Adams, 
 was accepted. The latter circular reached England in April, (1768) and 
 was at once denounced as of a "most dangerous and factious tendency," 
 and the Greneral Court was ordered to rescind their resolutions, upon pain 
 of dissolution by the Governor. The message of the Governor, conveying 
 this order, was read in the House once, and ordered to a second reading in 
 the afternoon, when the clarion voice of Otis rang through the hall in a 
 masterly speech of two hours in length, setting forth his objections to 
 a compliance with the requisition. 
 
 For a full week the affair was in suspense. At length, the Governor 
 demanded a definite answer. The House asked a recess, to consult their 
 constituents : — it was refused. Upon this, the question was taken viva 
 voce ; and out of one hundred and nine votes cast, only seventeen were in 
 the affirmative ! In accordance with his instructions, the Governor there- 
 upon dissolved the Court, and thus Massachusetts was without a legisla- 
 ture. 
 
 Soon after, (September 1st) a town meeting was called in this town, 
 " to see if the town approves of the proceedings of the late House of 
 Eepresentatives in not Kescinding; " and on its being put to vote, " The 
 thanks of the town were voted to the Gentlemen of the house of Eepre- 
 sentatives for their firmness in defending the liberties of the people." 
 
 On the 8th of September, information was received that a body of troops 
 had been ordered to Boston, and, almost immediately, a town meeting, the 
 great engine of those days, was summoned in Boston. This meeting 
 recommended that a convention of committees from all the towns in the 
 
366 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 province shoulrl be held at Faneuil Hall, to concert and advise sucli meas- 
 ures as the public peace and safety required. This proposition met a 
 hearty response from the principal towns in the province. 
 
 In this town, at a meeting specially warned for that purpose, (Septem- 
 ber 20) " Samuel Bachellor was chosen as a Committee Man to Joyn in a 
 Convention with a Committee of this province held in the Town of Boston 
 on the twenty second day of September Instant ; to consult advise and 
 act; as his majesties sarvice and the peace and safety of his subjects in 
 this province may Eequire." 
 
 " As a principal Instruction to Mr Samuel Bacheller, voted that the 
 king's troops should not be hindered their landing by force of arms ; 
 
 " Further voted that Mr Bacheller be Directed in Every Constitutional 
 way & manner Consistent with our Loyalty to our Gracious Sovereign ; to 
 oppose & prevent the Levying or Collecting of money from us not granted 
 by our selves or our Legal Eepresentatives." 
 
 The result of the convention was a calm enumeration of grievances, 
 strong professions of loyalty, and a discountenancing of all tumultous ex- 
 pressions of the feelings. 
 
 On the 28th of the same month, two regiments arrived in Boston, and 
 landed about one thousand men without opposition. But both the General 
 Court and the town of Boston refused to furnish the troops with quarters 
 or supplies, although the Governor repeatedly applied to them for that pur- 
 pose. 
 
 The continuance of the troops in Boston was a constant source of vexa- 
 tion to the people, as difficulties were often occurring between the 
 inhabitants and the soldiers. 
 
 The merchants of Boston, after vainly endeavoring to have the duties 
 on goods removed, renewed an obligation formerly made, to import no 
 more goods, unless the revenue law should be repealed, and recommended 
 that the inhabitants of the province should not purchase goods from those 
 who violated the agreement. 
 
 The collision between the British troops and the inhabitants of Boston, 
 on the 5th of March, 1770, was the signal for renewed manifestations of 
 determined resistance to the odious laws ; and a meeting of this town was 
 soon after called, to consider what course should be pursued by the inhabi- 
 tants in the critical emergency. The following is a copy of the whole 
 record of the meeting : — 
 
 " At a Lcgall Town Meeting In Haverhill on April 9 : 1770 warned by 
 the Constable by virtue of a warrant received from the Selectmen for his 
 60 doing &c : 
 
HISTORY OP HAVEEHILL. 367 
 
 Istly To see if the Town will vote sometting respecting the importers 
 or the Importing British Goods Contrary to the agreement of marchents 
 In General or with respect to the late resolve about them : 
 
 2dly To see if the Town will vote something with respect to those who 
 shall or may purchest such Goods or promote the bringing them Into this 
 Town or what they will otherwise Eesolve : 
 
 3dly To see if the Town will Chuse a Committee to see that all Salu- 
 tary Eesovles and agreements about such Goods be Duly observed and to 
 give notice and Expose all such persons who shall violate them." 
 Mr. Nathaniel Walker was chosen Moderator. 
 
 " Voted, That we will by all LawfuU ways & means Exert ourselves 
 and Expose to shame & Contempt all persons who shall offer to make sale 
 of British Goods Imported Conterary to the agreement of marchents or 
 that shall purchase such Goods In this Town or be aiding or assisting to 
 bring them Into it, till a General Importation of such Goods shall take 
 place and that all persons who shall violate or Counter act this vote and 
 resolve shall be rendered Incapable of being Chosen to any office of proffit 
 or Honouer in this Town. 
 
 Voted, That Messrs Thomas West, Deac John Ayer, Capt William 
 Greenleaf, Nathaniel Peaslee Sargent Esq, Nathaniel Walker, John Young, 
 and James Carr, be a Committee to Inspect and see that all salutary re- 
 solves and agreements with respect to such Goods be Duly obsarvcd and to 
 Give Notice & Expose all who shall violate them ; that their names may 
 be remembered with Infamy ; and to have the Custety and keeping of all 
 such goods stored dureing said Term. 
 
 Voted the thanks of this Town to the truly patriotic marchants who 
 have acted with firm resolutions for preventing the Importation of British 
 goods for the good of their Country tho much to their private loss and to 
 the Town of Boston and the several Towns In this province & Else whare 
 which have by their spirited resolves prevented the sale of British Goods 
 lately Imported In the principle Towns & places in the Colonies. 
 
 Voted that the proceedings of this meeting shall be published in one or 
 more of the public news papers. 
 
 The Moderator dismissed the meeting." 
 
 Such thorough and determined opposition to the odious laws, induced 
 parliament to modify them, as far as it could without relinquishing its right 
 to legislate over the colonies. In this view, they rescinded the duties upon 
 all articles except tea. 
 
 The General Court, which had heretofore met in Boston, was, by " a 
 signification of the King's pleasure," convened at Cambridge, on the 15th 
 
368 filSTOKT OF HAVERHILt. 
 
 of March, 1770. This led to a long controversy hetween the Governor 
 and the Legislature, the latter protesting against the removal, and -well- 
 nigh resolving not to proceed to the transaction of business unless they 
 were removed to the ancient place of sitting — " at the town house in 
 Boston." 
 
 Such was the situation of affairs in September, when this town sent the 
 following letter of instructions to its Eepresentative : — 
 
 *• Instructions given to Mr Bachellor, Eepresentative 
 
 Sr. 
 
 Understanding that in times past you have voted against the G-eneral 
 Assembly's proceeding to business as they are not allowed to meet in the 
 Town of Boston we your Constituents think it our Duty to give our opinion 
 relative to that Important matter ; & Important it is considering the pre- 
 sent state of our Interlal polity ; the expiration of the laws for regulating 
 fees ; Choice of Jurymen ; restraining Excessive usury ; are some of the 
 matters that need Imeadiate redress. The operation at this time of the law 
 for Limitation of actions whereby much of our property lies wholly at the 
 mercy of Debtors is a grievance that almost every person In the province 
 is affected with ; and finally an Exorbitant Tax laid on the province this 
 year ; will nearly render the misery of those of our fellow subjects who 
 are now struggling with poverty Compleat ; these things & many others 
 might be mentioned ; we think are more than a ballance for any little In- 
 convenientcy that may arise by means of the General Court setting out of 
 Boston ; wee know that some years past it was opinion of many that the 
 Court setting In Boston was an Inconveniencie ; and the General Court 
 refusing still to Do Business will be detrimental only to the province ; not 
 to those by whose Influence it was removed ; we therefore now Exercising 
 our Constitusanel right advise and Intruet you to give your vote & use 
 your whole Influance that the general Court should at their next sessions 
 act upon the Business of the province ; & afford us all Due release from the 
 Gri vences above mentioned as well as any others that maybe: this we 
 £x) ct from you as our Eepresentative & wish you success in your 
 En ' ;avours.'-"' 
 
 Mr Samuel Bachellor Eepresentative for the Town of Haverhill," 
 
 Slowly, but surely, the people of the colonies were led, or rather driven, 
 toward open revolt. The embarrassments of the East India Company 
 hastened the final struggle. Through mismanagement, and the continued 
 
 o The meeting at which these instructions were agreed upon, was held September 20, 1770. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 36& 
 
 Jefusal of America to import tlieir teas, — whicli were thus thrown "back 
 upon them in great quantities, — they were on the verge of bankruptcy, 
 and applied to parliament for relief. 
 
 A loan was granted them, accompanied by a bill empowering them to 
 export teas direct from their own warehouses, upon their own account, and 
 granting them a drawback of the whole duty payable in England on such 
 teas as wjere exported to the British plantations in America. The colonial 
 tax of three pence on the pound was still to be paid ; nor would Lord 
 North listen to the proposal that this should be abandoned. America was 
 not to he relieved from taxation. The king was determined " to try the 
 question in America," — and he did try it, but did not decide it. 
 
 Cargoes of the tea were sent to New York, Philadelphia, and Boston, 
 At the two former places, the consignees resigned their trust; but in 
 Boston they declined doing so, whereupon the inhabitants, in public meet- 
 ing, voted, " that the tea shall not be landed, that no duty shall be paid, 
 and that it shall be sent back in the same bottom." Seven thousand per- 
 sons were present at the meeting, and yet the vote was unanimous ! The 
 owner of one of the vessels containing the tea had already promised that 
 it should not be landed, but should be returned, but had been refused a 
 clearance. He was instructed " to protest against the custom house, and 
 apply to the governor for his pass." But the Governor had stolen to his 
 residence at Milton, and before the owner returned, darkness had settled 
 upon the town. Within the dimly lighted walls of the " Old South," 
 xipon this cold December eve, the audience awaited his return. At a quar- 
 ter before six he made his appearance, and reported that the Governor* 
 had refused him a pass. " We can do no more to save the country," said 
 Samuel Adams ; and a momentary silence ensued. The next instant a 
 shout was heard at the door ; the war-whoop sounded ; and forty or fifty 
 men, disguised as Indians, hurried along to the wharf, posted guards, 
 boarded the ships, and in three hours' time three hundred and forty-two 
 ehests of tea had been broken and thrown overboard. So great was the 
 stillness that the blows of the hatchets, as the chests were split open, was 
 ■distinctly heard, and when the deed was done, every one retired and the 
 town wore its accustomed quiet. 
 
 The die was now cast. It was impossible to recede. When, upon the 
 news reaching England, it was proposed to pass conciliatory measures, 
 Mansfield exclaimed, " The sword is drawn, and you must throw away the 
 scabbard ; " and besides voting, one hundred and eighty-two to forty-nine, 
 ^igainst the repeal of the tax on tea, a bill was carried for "the better 
 
 * HntchinsoD. 
 
 47 
 
370 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL, 
 
 regulating the government of the Province of the Massachusetts Bay/^ 
 ■which abrogated so much of the charter as gave to the legislature the 
 election of the council ; abolished town meetings, except for the choice of 
 town officers, or on thq special permission of the governor ; conferred on 
 the executive the appointment and removal of sheriflPs at pleasure ; and in- 
 trusted to the sheriffs the returning of juries ; — a bill " for the impartial 
 administration of justice," <S:c., which transferred the place of trial of 
 magistrates, revenue officers, or soldiers indicted for murder, or otlier capi- 
 tal offence, to Nova-Scotia or Great Britain; — and a bill for legalizing 
 the quartering of troops in Boston. Governor Hutchinson was re-called, 
 ivud Thomas Gage appointed in his stead, and four regiments were ordered 
 to enforce submission. By his instructions, the governor was to close the 
 port of Boston. 
 
 General Gage arrived at Boston on the 17th of May, (1774) and on the 
 appointed day, (June 1st) as the clock struck twelve, the port was closed, 
 and the courts were suspended, amid the solemn tolling of bells. The day 
 was improved, not only in Massachusetts, but even in Virginia, and other 
 colonics, in fasting and prayer. 
 
 Satisfied that the time had come when a union of the colonies was ab- 
 solutely necessary, the House of Eepresentatives, by a vote of one hundred 
 and seventeen to twelve, decided that " a committee should be appointed 
 to meet, as soon as may be, the committees that are or shall be appointed by 
 the several colonies on this continent, to consult together upon the present 
 state of the colonies." The committee was ckosen, and funds provided 
 for their expenses. This was on the 17th of June. On the 28th of July, 
 notwithstanding the new law to the contrary, a town meeting was held in 
 this town, the proceedings of which we think justify an insertion of the 
 full record in this place. 
 
 " At a legal Town meeting held in Haverhill on July 28th 1774, warned 
 by the Constable by virtue of a AYarrant Eeceived from the Selectmen for 
 his so doing (tc 
 
 1st For those to whom the Town is indebted, to bring in their Claims 
 in order to be allowed 
 
 2dly To see what Money the Town will Vote to Eaise to defray Town 
 Charges the present Year 
 
 3dly To Eecieve the Eeport of the Committee chosen to Eeckon with the 
 Town Treasurer 
 
 4thly In answer to two Petitions from the Inhabitants of this Town,. 
 To see if the Town will Vote that they will not Buy or purchase any 
 Goo Is or Merchandise imported from Great Brittan, from and after the 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 371 
 
 Time agreed upon by the Colonies in general, or the General Congress to 
 be held at Philadelphia and not to have any Commercial Intercourse with 
 them that will not come into the nonimportation agreament — and to Chuse 
 a committee of Inspection, to inspect and find out those Men or Women 
 who shall expose to Sale, Tea, or any new imported Goods, contrary to the 
 general agreement, and expose their Karnes to the Publick : that they may 
 avoid them ; and to act further on the affair as the Town shall Judge 
 proper 
 
 5thly To Chuse a Committee of Correspondence, to Correspond or con- 
 sult with the Committee of the Town of Boston, & other Towns in this 
 Province relating to. the distressed Situation the Province in general, & 
 the Town of Boston in particular is brought into by the late Acts of the 
 British Parliment — to consult (if possible) of Some Measures of Eedress 
 — and also to Draw up a Solemn Agreement for the Inhabitants of this 
 Town to Sign (if they Judge it proper) that they will not buy or purchase 
 any Goods «r Merchandise of any Person, which shall be imported con- 
 trary to the general Agreement of the Colonies in General Congress — if 
 the Town likes not that already drawn and also to act further on the whole 
 Affair as the Town shall Judge proper 
 
 Gthly To see if the Town will Vote to Draw- Three Pounds Nineteen 
 Shillings and Ten Pence out of the Town Treasury, for the use and bene- 
 fit of the Committee to meet at the general Congress, in behalf of the 
 Province — and Chuse a proper Person to draw said Money out of 
 the Treasury, by order from the Selectmen, for the Purpose above said, 
 and be accountable to the Town 
 
 Tthly To see if the Town will vote to accept of some Person to serve 
 as Constable in the Eoom of Mr Eichard Ayer, if he desires it 
 
 Sthly To see if the Town will vote to allow Mr John Sawyer liberty to 
 erect a Scale for weighing of Hay in some convenient place in this Town. 
 — <: Mr Isaac Eedington was chosen Moderator for said Meeting, 
 
 Voted, agreeable to the 2d Article, To Eaise One hundred and Fifty 
 Pounds to defray Town Charges the present year. 
 
 Voted, the 4th article in the affirmative — also Toted that Messrs Sam- 
 uel Appleton, Samuel Souter, Thomas West, Samuel Merrill, Nathl Eolf, 
 Thomas Cogswell, Doc AYilliam Bachellor, John Sawyer, and Xathaniel 
 Walker Junior, be a Committee of Inspection 
 
 5th article voted in the affirmative — also the following Eesolves « 
 
 Whereas The Importation, Sale, or Consumption of East India Teas, is 
 evidently counteracting the peaceable Measures which have been pursued, 
 and are now pursuing, by the province in general, for the Eelief of the 
 
ST2 HISTORY OF HATERHILl. 
 
 Town of Boston, the Restoration and Continuance of onr Cliarter EigHts 
 ■ — and whereas it is highly probable the approaching Congress of the 
 Deputys from the respective Colonies, will come into a Determination that 
 a general Plan for a nonimportation and nonexportation of Merchandize 
 to and from Great Britain and Ireland ; will be most eflFectual means for 
 attaining this desirable End ; and whereas it is necessary and becoming 
 that every community should communicate their Sentiments and Eesolu- 
 tions to their Brethren at this alarming Crisis of Our public AflFairs — 
 Therefore 
 
 1. Resolved, That we will not import, purchase, vend • or consume any 
 East India Tea, until the Duty imposed upon Importation into the Colo- 
 nies shall be taken oiF; & the port of Bostan opened. 
 
 2. Resolved, That we will not purchase any kind of Merchandize of 
 those persons, who shall (by importing, purchasing or vending Said Tea) 
 act contrary to the sense of the above Eesolutions. 
 
 3. Resolved, That we will abide by any Determination of the approach- 
 ing Congress which shall be rational & generally adopted ; in particular, 
 if a nonimportation and nonexportation of Merchandize to and from Great 
 Britain and Ireland, and a nonconsumation Agreement, shall be their 
 Determination, we will both collectively and individually abide by the 
 Same. 
 
 4. Resolved, That if a nonimporta|ion and nonexportation of Merchan- 
 dize to and from Great Britain and Ireland shall be agreed upon and 
 generally adopted and any person should be so lost to every feeling of 
 Humanity and Regard to posterity, as \o counteract such Agreement : AVe 
 will not purchase any kind of Merchandize of them ; and will use our 
 influence to deter others from doing the same. 
 
 5. Resolved, That there shall be a Committee of Correspondence for this 
 Town to correspond with the Town of Boston, and other Towns in 
 this province, and that this Committee shall consist of Five or more 
 persons. 
 
 6. Resolved, That Samuel "White Esq, Mr Isaac Redington, Mr Joseph 
 Haynes, Mr Richard Ayer, Mr Jonathan Webster Junior, Mr Daniel Dcn- 
 nison Rogers, & Mr Timothy Eaton, be a Committee for the above purpose, 
 any Four of whom when met together to proceed on business. 
 
 7. Resolved, That there shall be a Committee of Inspection ; to Inspect 
 into the Conduct and inform of those persons who shall counteract the 
 above Resolutions. 
 
HISTORY OP HATEBHILL. 373 
 
 8. Resolved, That A. B. & C. as Eecorded under the 6th Eesolve he a 
 Committee for this purpose of Inspection or Correspondence. 
 
 9. Resolved, That the Committee of Correspondence he desired to trans- 
 mit a Copy of these Eesolutions to the Committee of Correspondence for 
 the Town of Boston. 
 
 6th article in the Warning Toted in the affirmative, Nemine Contradi- 
 ciente also voted that Mr Jonathan Webster Jun Draw out said money & 
 he accountable to the Town. 
 
 By Vote this Meeting is Adjourned to the 15th day of September next 
 1774 to this Place at 3 of the Clock afternoon." 
 
 Though there were then three companies of Militiain the town, the 
 patriotic citizens determined to organize a fourth. The latter was formed 
 as an " independent " company, and it being the first one in the town, and 
 organized at a time when serious work was expected, and counted on, we 
 feel justified in giving a somewhat extended notice of it. 
 
 We copy the following from the original paper : — 
 
 "Haverhill Sept, 5th. 1774. 
 
 We the Subscribers, sensible of the importance of a well regulated 
 Military Discipline, do hereby covenant and engage, to form ourselves in to 
 an Artillery Company at Haverhill according to the following Articles, — 
 
 First. That there shall be four officers (viz) a Capt., Lieut, Ensign and 
 Sergeant, who is to act as Clerk, To be chosen by a majority of the Com- 
 pany when met together, 
 
 2d. That we will meet together (on the first and third Mondays of 
 September, October and November following, and on the first and third 
 Mondays of the six Summer months annually till the Company shall agree 
 to dissolve the same) for the exercise of Arms and Evolutions, And that 
 the role shall be called two hqjirs before Sunset, and the Company shall be 
 dismissed at Sun set N. B. If it be fowl weather the Day appointed, the 
 Company shall meet the next fair Day — 
 
 3dly. Any one neglecting Due attendance shall be subject to a fine of 
 eight Pence, for the use of the Company; unless on a reasonable Plea, 
 excused by the Company, 
 
 4thly. That no new member be admitted without the vote of the 
 Company, 
 
 5thly. That each member shall be Equipcd with Arms, Accoutriments 
 and Dress, according to Vote of Company, 
 
 6thly, That each member shall be supply'd with one Pound of Powder 
 and Twenty Balls ; to be reviewed twice a year ; upon the Days of chusing 
 
374 
 
 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 Officers, to commence tlie first Monday in October, from that time, the first 
 Monday in May and August annually, 
 
 James Brickett, 
 William Grreenleaf, 
 Nathaniel Marsh, 
 Phineas Carleton, 
 Oliver Peahody, 
 Joshua B. Osgood, 
 Thomas Cogswell, 
 Israel Bartlet, 
 Jonathan Barker, 
 Isaac , 
 
 James Duncan junr, 
 John Cook, 
 John AVingate, 
 Bailey Bartlett, 
 Daniel Greenleaf, 
 Paul Thomson, 
 Eben, Greenough, 
 James Harrod, 
 Samuel Greenleaf, 
 Moses Clements junr, 
 Timothy Eaton junr, 
 D W, D N Eogers, 
 
 Edward Barnard, 
 Benj. Mooersjunr., 
 William Greenough, 
 Daniel Kenrich, 
 David Marsh junr, 
 Samuel Duncan, 
 Enoch Marsh, 
 Thomas West, 
 William Lamson, 
 John Sawyer," 
 
 Daniel Appleton, 
 Abraham Swett, 
 
 The first meeting of the subscribers was held the same day the agree- 
 ment is dated, when James Brickett was chosen Captain, and Israel 
 Bartlett Clerk, of the company. They voted to meet twice each week for 
 drill, — one hour before sunset. October 3d, the organization was com- 
 pleted, by the choice of Doctor James Brickett, Captain ; Israel Bartlett, 
 Lieutenant ; Joshua B. Osgood, Ensign ; and Edward Barnard, Clerk and 
 Sargeant. November 12th, it was " Voted, that this company look upon 
 themselves to be an Independent Corps ; also upon their Officers to be 
 equal in Eank and Command to Field Officers, of any Eegiment in this 
 County, and subject to the Command of no officer, but such as the Eicld 
 Officers of the several Kegiments are subject to." November 21st, the 
 company " voted to use the exercise as ordered by His Majesty in the year 
 176i." Several of the members immediately sent to England for a copy 
 of the " Norfolk Militia Book," which arrived in due time. The work cost 
 them £6.15. The names of those who thus manifested their zeal in the 
 pursuit of correct military knowledge, were " Bailey Bartlett, Israel Bart- 
 lett, Thos Cogswell, Nathl Marsh, Doctr Briakett, Nathl Walker." 
 
 The following extracts from the records of the company are worth pre- 
 serving, (November 21, 1774,) : — 
 
 " Voted, to meet Mondays, at 6 o'clk in the evening, precisely, for the 
 above purpose. Voted, to pay a fine of 6d for non-appearance. Voted, 
 that we meet once a week (Mondays) as Volunteers. Voted, that the 
 Clerk provide candles for the use of the Company out of the fines. Voted, 
 that N Saltonstall, D Marsh, J McHard, & John Sawij^er be of this 
 Company." 
 
 "Dec 5 1774. Met at Mr Osgood's Still house. Voted, that the Offi- 
 cers of this Company shall not assist in choosing the Field Officers of the 
 Eegiment." 
 
mSTORY OP HAVERHILL. O/O 
 
 " Jan 1775. Met at Mr West's Distill House. Voted, that any Mem- 
 ber who shall leave the Company before he is discharged by the Command- 
 ing Officer, shall pay a fine of 4d. 
 
 " Feb. Met at Mr West's Distill House. Voted, that we hire Mr 
 George Marsdin for 4 days at 12s a day, & that he be paid out of the fincG. 
 
 "March 21, 1775. Met at Capt Greenleaf's. Voted, that Nathan 
 Blodgct and Heman Ladd be admitted as members of this Company. 
 Voted, that we Dress in a Uniform consisting of a Blue Coat, turned up 
 with Buff, and yellow plain Buttons, the Coat cut half way the thigh ; 
 and the Pockets a Slope. Voted, Also, that we have Buff, or Xankeen 
 AVaistcoat & Breeches, and White Stockings with half Boots or Gaiters. ^ 
 Also that the Hats be cocked alike. And that each one have a bright gun, 
 Bayonet, & Steel Eamrod. Voted that the Company be equipd in this 
 Uniform by the first Monday in May."-' 
 
 " May 1st. Made choice of Edw Barnard as Clerk. Voted, that Wil- 
 liam Greenleaf be Capt of this Company — that Israel Bartlett be Lieut. 
 Voted, that N Marsh be Ensign of this Company. Voted, that the Clerk 
 act as Sargeant." 
 
 " May 18th. Met on the Parade. Voted, that we meet on Mondays at 
 sunrise for Exercise of Arms." 
 
 " May 21:th. Voted, to meet Sun an hour high for the future." 
 
 The above is the last vote entered in the record book as that of the 
 Artillery company. The first entry upon the next page is " Kecords of 
 the first Company in Haverhill." This is followed by the records of that 
 company, and we find no subsequent allusion to the artillery company. 
 In the records of the first company, we find the names of most of the pre- 
 vious members of the artillery company. These facts, with the absence of 
 record or reliable information to the contrary, lead us to the conclusion 
 that the heavy drafts and constant activity and readiness required of the 
 militia, (to which, of course, every member of the artillery also belonged, 
 by law,) led to the necessity of a disbandment of the latter. Whether it 
 was afterward resuscitated, or not, we cannot say.f 
 
 On the 15th of September, (1774) the town again met, agreeably to the 
 previous adjournment. The first vote passed, was to lay an additional 
 
 '^ Though organized tinder the name of an Artillery Company, they never had any artillery, but were 
 strictly a Company of Light Infantry. 
 
 t In 1788, there were "four companies in Haverhill. " These four companies were divided into "two 
 Bands," viz. : the Training, or "Train Band," and the "Alarm List." An allusion to "both bands," in 
 the records of 1776, was probably the occasion of the statement by Mirick, that there were then but two 
 companies in the town. He was evidently mistaken, as there had been for many years three companieB 
 of militia in the town. 
 
376 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 town tax of one hundred pounds for the present year. They next " voted 
 to buy 800 lbs powder with Balls and Flints answerable, as the Towns 
 Stock." Then it was " voted that the Town Treasurer hire money to pro* 
 cure 600 lbs of powder towards the Town's Stock ; " and, that nothing 
 should be wanting in the time of need, a committee was chosen " to ex-' 
 amine the stock of powder in the powder house." Having thus unequivo- 
 cally committed the town to the cause of American liberty, the meeting 
 adjourned to the 10th of October. 
 
 The proceedings at the adjournment were brief, but significant. The 
 following was the only business done, or vote passed : — • 
 
 " By Vote the Constables are to pay no more Money into the Province 
 Treasury until further Orders from the Town — but that They pay it im- 
 mediately to the Town Treasurer ; and take his Security for the Same 
 without Interest." 
 
 While the almost universal sentiment of the inhabitants of the town was 
 that indicated by their proceedings at these meetings, there were a few 
 among them who did not sympathize with them. They were " Loyalists," 
 — those who adhered to the cause of their sovereign, — and deprecated 
 the revolutionary measures so vigorously carried on by the "Patriots; " 
 and while they doubted their success, they hoped (and some of them 
 labored also) for their defeat. Among the most prominent and influential 
 of these loyalists in this town, were Colonel Eichard Saltonstall and Eev. 
 Moses Badger, (brother-in-law of the above). Colonel Saltonstall was a 
 man who had always commanded the confidence and respect of his towns- 
 men, and the esteem of all who knew him. At the early age of twenty- 
 two years, he was commissioned as Colonel, and was in active service 
 through the whole of the French War. But he was now a loyalist, and, 
 as a consequence, there could be but little sympathy between him and the 
 large majority of the people of the town. This wide difference of opinion, 
 upon what was then a matter of the most vital importance, as may readily 
 be supposed, gradually led to a feeling of coldness toward him, and finally 
 to that of distrust, and uneasiness at his presence. Sometime not long 
 after the July meeting above noticed, an incident occurred which is thus 
 recorded by Mirick : — 
 
 " The principles of Col. Eichard Saltonstall, who was a Tory, were 
 very repugnant to the Whig party, which composed a majority of the voters. 
 A party from the West Parish, and Salem, New-Hampshire, collected 
 before his house, armed with clubs and other instruments, to mob him ; 
 but he made them rather ashamed of their conduct. He came to the door, 
 and with much dignity, told them his reasons for pursuing a different 
 
insTORT OP nAVERniLL. 377 
 
 course from that whicli tliey liacl adopted. He ordered refresliments for 
 them, and requested them to go to the tavern and call for entertainment 
 at his expense. They accepted of his invitation, and huzzaed to his 
 praise. He soon after went to England, to escape the resentment of the 
 Whigs, where he was well received by his connexions." 
 
 This account is, in substance, taken from the " Sketch of Haverhill," 
 a paper prepared and read before the JIassachusetts Historical Society, in 
 1816, by Leverett Saltonstall, Esq., and is, we think, a partial account of 
 the affair. 
 
 It is a tradition in the family of Timothy Eaton, who was the leader of 
 the party that called on Colonel Saltonstall, that the bold and unpatriotic 
 words and actions of the latter, had become so obnoxious to the public 
 opinion of the town, that a large part}' was made up to call on him, and 
 notify him that such was the case. They went, and Mr. Eaton, leaving 
 his company a short distance from the house, called the Colonel to the 
 door, and informed him of his errand. Upon this, the Colonel " drew 
 himself up " and exclaimed, "Is that any of yowr business?" Eaton 
 quickly rej^lied, " I'll let you know that it is my business," and was about 
 retiring to his companions, when the Colonel, finding that the affair was 
 like to terminate seriously, dropped his lofty air, held a parley, promised 
 to give them no more cause for offence, and invited them all to refresh- 
 ments at his jexpense. 
 
 After hearing several versions of this affair, and an examination of the 
 town records, (which seem to have been altogether overlooked by Mirick) 
 we have concluded that the facts were probably something like these : — 
 
 Colonel Saltonstall had, for years, and, indeed, from the beginning of 
 the troubles between the colonies and the mother country, espoused the 
 cause of the latter, "When, in 1768, the House of Eepresentatives were 
 ordered to rescind the obnoxious resolutions already referred to, Colonel 
 Saltonstall was a " rescinder ; " and he was not a man to disguise his sen- 
 timents, or remain quiet and silent when such a contest was going on. 
 Hence he became known as a " Tory " — an enemy to the patriot cause ; 
 " an enemy to his country." Timothy Eaton was a zealous patriot, and 
 one of the leading ones in the town. He had just been chosen to the sec- 
 ond place on the " Committee of Inspection," and was also one of those 
 chosen to " show each man his proportion " of the one hundred pounds 
 voted for the relief of Boston. He was also one of the town's " Commit- 
 tee of Correspondence." It is, therefore, quite reasonable to suppose, 
 that he called on Colonel Saltonstall rfficially, taking with him a sufficient 
 posse to prove to the Colonel that it was not a matter to be trifled with. 
 43 
 
378 HISTOKT OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 The recent action of the town, and this ominous visit convinced the latter 
 that it was no longer safe or consistent for him to remain in the town, 
 and he decided to leave. That the company were " treated " at his ex- 
 pense, is equally creditable to both parties. It was an earnest that they 
 parted as personal friends, though divided as to the all-absorbing question 
 before the colonies. 
 
 In further proof that neither rioters nor a " mob " managed the affairs 
 of the patriots, in the times of which we write, we quote the following, 
 from the original paper now in the archives of the State : — 
 
 •' The Committee of Corrispondence &c for Haverhill In Comply ance 
 with the orders & directions of this Great & General Cort, took posession 
 of the House and abut an half acre of land in sd Haverhill belonging to 
 Mr Moses Badger late fled from Boston with the Ministeral fleet and leased 
 the same for the Term of one year, to Mr Isaac Eedington of Haverhill 
 for Seven Pound to be Paid at the years end. 
 
 Also took posession of the Personal Estate of Coll Eichard Saltonstall 
 of Haverhill who fled as aforesd, (after having carefully Examined Ee- 
 specting his Eeal Estate and in the opinion of the Committee according 
 to Law Justice & Equity he had not any as the House & laud he lately 
 occupied was Mortgaged for the full Value thereof) 
 
 Made an Inventory of the Same which is as Followeth viz : 
 
 (Here follows, in the original paper, a minute inventory of Colonel 
 Saltonstall's personal estate.) 
 
 Haverhill June 4th 1776 
 
 by order of the Committee 
 
 Isaac Eedington Chairman. 
 To the Honble James "Warren Esq 
 Speaker of the Honble House of 
 Eepresentitives Massachusetts 
 Bay." 
 
 Colonel Saltonstall left town soon after, and ere long embarked for 
 England. The King granted him a pension, and he passed the remainder 
 of his days in that country. 
 
 While these proceedings were being had in this town, the other towns 
 in the colony, and in the other colonies, were by no means idle, or indif- 
 ferent. At a meeting of the committees of correspondence of those towns 
 which had such committees, held at Fancuil Hall, August 2Gth and 27th, 
 it was resolved that a Provincial Congress was necessary, to counteract 
 the systems of despotism. The next step in the progress of the cause, was 
 tAG holding of county conventions of delegates from each town. That 
 
■history op haterhill. 87§ 
 
 '^i Esses was convened at Ipswich, on the Gth and 7tli of September, 
 177-1. Tbc delegates from Haverhill were Samuel "White, Esq., Mr, 
 ■Jonathan Webster, Mr. Isaac Eedingtou, Mr. Joseph Haynes. After 
 passing a series of reiolutions, the convention dissolved. 
 
 In the meantime, (September 5th) the Continental Congress assem- 
 bled at. Philadelphia, where the glowing eloquence of Patrick Henry recited 
 the wrongs which the colonists had suffered, and for which redress was 
 imperiously demanded. After a careful examination of the subject, and 
 -an interchange of thoughts, sentiments, and opinions, the Congress unani- 
 mously resolved '* that from & after the first day of December next, there 
 be no importation into British America, from Great Britain or Ireland, of 
 any goods, wares, or merchandise whatever, or from any other place of any 
 such goods, wares, or merchandises, as shall have been exported from 
 Great Britain or Ireland ; and that no such goods, &c imported after the 
 «aid first day of December next be used or pux-chased." 
 
 To return again to our own province. Writs had been issued convening 
 the General Court at Salem,^'-- on the 5th of October ; but before the time 
 •arrived, a proclamation from the Governor dissolved the assembly. For 
 this step, the patriots were prepared ; and, pursuant to the course which 
 had already been agreed upon, after meeting at Salem on the appointed 
 •day, they resolved themselves into a Provincial Congress. The dele- 
 gates to the Congress from this town were Samuel White, Esq., and Mr, 
 Joseph Haynes,f After organizing, the Congress adjourned to Concord, 
 •and, still later, to Cambridge.; 
 
 This body took the government of the province into their own hands, 
 and made vigorous preparations for the approaching contest. Towns were 
 •recommended to provide arms and ammunition, and to enlist and equip 
 minute-men, who should hold themselves in readiness to march " on the 
 shortest notice," and in the meantime " to use their utmost diligence to 
 perfect themselves in military skill." 
 
 This town had already anticipated the Congress in the first recommenda- 
 tion, and it now lost no time in carrying out the others. 
 
 o Whither it had been previously removed by instructions to the governor. 
 
 t The delegates from this town to the second and the third Provincial Congress, verc Nathaniel Peas- 
 •lee Sargeaut, Esq., and Jonathan Webster, Jr. 
 
 J The First Provincial Congress convened at Salem, October 7, 1774, and adjourned the same day. 
 •Convened at Concord, October llth, and adjourned the 1-lth. Convened at Cambridge, October 17th, and 
 adjourned the 29th. Convened at Cambridge, November 23d, and dissolved December 10th. 
 
 The Second Provincial Congress convened at Cambridge, Pebruai-j- 1st, 177;5, and adjourned the IGth. 
 Convened at Concord, March 22d, and adjourned April loth. Convened at Concord, .-Nijril 22d, .ind immc- 
 ■diately adjourned to Watertown, where it again convened the same day, and dissolved May 29th. 
 
 The Third Provincial Congress convened at Watertown, May 31st, 1775, and dissolved July 19th of 
 •Uie same year. 
 
380 nisTORY ov nAVERniLt. 
 
 As soon as their delegates to the Provincial Congress returned homey 
 and reported the doings of that body, a town meeting was imraediatelj 
 warned, for January 3d, 1775, to consider their recommendations. Among 
 the matters specified in tlie warrant for this meeting were the following : — • 
 
 ''' To agree on some measures for the carrying into execution the Eecom- 
 mendation of the gi-and Continental and Provincial Congresses ; and all 
 those matters and things which Eespect us : " =•' =-' " 
 
 " To see what Encouragement the Town will give for the inlisting one 
 Quarter part of the Military : 
 
 " To see what Money the Town will give the Poor unhappy Sufferers of 
 the Town of Boston, occasioned by the oppressive Port Bill : 
 
 " To see what number of Arms the Town will vote to purchase for its 
 own use : 
 
 *' To see if the Town will chuse one or more meet Persons to attend the 
 Provincial Congress in February next or sooner according to the Direction 
 of the late Congress." 
 
 Jonatlian "Webster, Jr., Samuel White, Esq., Samuel Merrill, Nathaniel 
 P. Sargeant, and Doctor James Brickett were chosen to consider the first 
 matter above mentioned and report at an adjoui-ned meeting. 
 
 It being " put to vote to see if the town would give anything to the 
 Minite Men," it was decided in the afiirmative, and Isaac Ecdington, Dan- 
 iel Denaison Eogers, Deacon Joseph Kelly, and Deacon John Ayer, were 
 added to the above committee, to whom the whole matter was referred. 
 
 It was then " voted to give unto the Poor of Boston one hundred pounds. 
 Voted that the said hundred pounds be Eaised by a Eatc or an equal pro- 
 portion — - hut none are to be compelled to pay " / 
 
 The following persons were chosen committees " to shotv each man hia 
 proportion": — For the West Parish, Timothy Eaton, Stephen Webster, 
 and Samuel Merrill ; for the Old Parish, Nathaniel Bradley, Moses Clem- 
 ent, and Captain William Greenleaf; for the East Parish, John Ela, 
 Ephraim Eliot, and Captain Daniel Johnson ; for the North Parish, Dea- 
 con Benjamin Clements, and Isaac Snow. 
 
 The meeting adjourned to the 12th of the same month, at which time 
 Nathaniel Peaslce Sargeant, and Jonathan Webster, Jr., were chosen dele- 
 gates to the Provincial Congress. The town " voted to stand by, and 
 firmly adhere to the Eesolves of the Continental Congress ; " and also " to 
 sign a covenant similar to the Association agreed upon by the Continental 
 Congress ; " and Nathaniel Peaslee Sargeant, Esq., Joseph Haynes, and 
 Jonathan AVcbster Jr., were chosen a committee " to draw a Covenant for 
 the people to sign." 
 
 Fifty pounds were voted to the Provincial Congress, for its use. 
 
BISTORT OP nATEKHILL. S81 
 
 The Tote in relation to the " Poor of Boston " was at this meeting re- 
 considered, and it was determined to raise money for them by voluntary 
 subscription. Edward Ordway was added to the committee for that pur- 
 pose, and the meeting then adjourned to the SOth of the same month. 
 
 January SOth, the town met according to adjournment. At this meet- 
 ing, the vote " respecting the peoples signing a Covenant," was re-consid- 
 ered, and it was then unanimously voted " to adhere strictly to & firmly 
 to abide by the association of the Continental Congress." It was then 
 
 " Voted that there be a Committee consisting of 15 Persons (which are 
 called the Committee of Inspection) to Inspect & Duly observe that 
 the association of the Continental Congress is put into Execution, The 
 Committee are as followeth : — Messrs Samuel Merrill, Timothy Eaton, 
 Doctr William Bachellor, Eichard Ayer, Isaac Eedington, Thomas "West, 
 Doctor James Brickett, Thomas Cogswell, Enoch Marsh, James Sawyer, John 
 Ela, Dea Ezra Chase, Dea Ebenczer Colby, Isaac Snow, Edward Ordway." 
 
 The committee chosen to consider the proposition relating to raising 
 " Minite Men," made the following report : — 
 
 " We have carefully examined Our Numbers and find we ought to Eaise 
 Sixty three Men including three Commission ofl&cers to make up one Quar- 
 ter part. We Eccommend it to the Town to appoint three Commission 
 officers to inlist, discipline, and upon occasion when called for in defence 
 of the Province to march the same. We further Eecommend it that the 
 Minite Men be duly disciplined in Squads three half days in a Week, three 
 hours in each half day, and that they be allowed for each half day, eight 
 pence till ye middle of March next, and one shilling for each half day 
 afterwards, until they are called out to actual service from home, or dis- 
 banded. That when they are called to leave home on actual service they 
 shall Eeceive ye same wages & subsistence as Soldiers received the last 
 war. That if they are called upon & do actually march from home in de- 
 fence of the Province they shall be intitled to recieve three dollars each 
 as a Bounty, either from the Town or Province. Further that the three 
 chief officers rscieve for each half Day two Shillings Each till ye middle 
 of March next, & after that time three shillings each half Day till called 
 upon to march from home, or are disbanded — -when called upon to march 
 to recieve such pay as shall be ordered by the Province. All inlistments 
 to be for the Space of one year from this time, unless sooner disbanded by 
 the Town or Province. 
 
 N. B. The words to march the same — meaneth Sixty Three men in- 
 cluding Three officers, being one Quarter part of the Soldiers in Town." 
 
 (Signed) Jonathan Webster, per order." 
 
 The report and its recommendations were adopted. 
 
S82 
 
 HISTORY 01? HAVERHILL. 
 
 After a long and tedious search for the names of these minute-mcn, W9 
 have been so fortunate as to find a list of them, which we give below. The 
 paper of which the following is a copy, and several other exceedingly valu- 
 able documents relating to that period, were found among the town's old 
 papers, and proved to be part of a parcel of loose papers found in an 
 old bag which had been kicked about the assessors' room for years. They 
 were finally carefully placed with the town's other papers, by K. G. Walker, 
 Esq., and thus luckily preserved: — 
 
 " A Eol of the Minit Men in Capt James Sawyer's Company & the 
 Number of days Each man Trained according to the Voat of the Town of 
 Haverhill in March and Apirel 1775 " 
 
 
 Days 
 
 
 Da 
 
 James Sawyer Capt 
 
 5 
 
 Samuel gips Mitchel 
 
 
 Timothy Johnson Lieut 
 
 5 
 
 Joshua Emory 
 
 6 
 
 Nathaniel Eaton Lieut 
 
 5 
 
 Jerimiah Stickney 
 
 5 
 
 Mitchel Whiticher Sargt 
 
 6 
 
 Joseph Webster 
 
 5 
 
 Moses Heselton Sargt 
 
 5 
 
 Isaiah Eaton 
 
 5 
 
 "Wm Eolf Sargt 
 
 5 
 
 Ebenezer Grifen 
 
 4 
 
 Charles Davis Sargt 
 
 5 
 
 Samuel Emerson 
 
 5 
 
 Enock Eaton Coprel 
 
 4 
 
 John Silver 
 
 
 Chas Sarjant Coprel 
 
 3 
 
 Seth Wymon 
 
 4 
 
 John Bery Coprel 
 
 6 
 
 Daniel Lord 
 
 5 
 
 Euben Sargent 
 
 3 
 
 Nathan Peabody 
 
 5 
 
 Asa Currer 
 
 5 
 
 James Whiticker 
 
 4 
 
 Thomus Tiylor 
 
 5 
 
 Samuel Sanders 
 
 3 
 
 Daniel Colby 
 
 3 
 
 Henerey Springer 
 
 1 
 
 John Dow 
 
 6 
 
 Ebenezer Webster 
 
 
 John Eaton 
 
 4 
 
 Johnthan Dusten 
 
 4 
 
 Joseph Emorson 
 
 5 
 
 Daniel Grifen 
 
 3 
 
 Simon Pieck 
 
 4 
 
 Moses Emorson Juner 
 
 4 
 
 Lewis G-eorge 
 
 5 
 
 John gipson 
 
 3 
 
 Wm Davis 
 
 2 
 
 Nathan Ayre 
 
 4 
 
 Mosse Emorson 
 
 5 
 
 James Townsand 
 
 4 
 
 Job gage 
 
 4 
 
 Stephen Eunels 
 
 4 
 
 Peter Emorson 
 
 3 
 
 John Tiylor 
 
 3 
 
 Samuel George 
 
 
 James Wilson 
 
 
 John Cheney 
 
 1 
 
 Daniel Eemock 
 
 3 
 
 Nathaniel Cahaney 
 
 
 Stephen Jackson 
 
 3 
 
 Samuel Ealy 
 
 2 
 
 Joshua Moors 
 
 1 
 
 Wm Sawyer 
 
 4 
 
 Philip Bagley 
 
 4 
 
 James Smiley 
 
 5 
 
 Humpree Nicols 
 
 4 
 
 Joel Harrimen 
 
 5 
 
 Dudley Dusten 
 
 3 
 
 James Snow 
 
 5 
 
 Johnthan Lowger 
 
 4 
 
 Mark Emorson 
 
 
 atteset 
 
 
 John Sanders 
 
 4 
 
 Mitchel Wittier Serjant 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL, 
 
 383 
 
 At the annual meeting, Marcli 14, thirty dollars were voted to procure 
 a military instructor to " instruct the Militia in the Art Military " in the 
 town. One week later, it was voted that the minute-men should train one 
 whole day in each week, instead of three half days as previously voted. 
 They were to be trained by " Mr George Marsden, whom we have hired," 
 and to receive two shillings each for that day. We have now before us a 
 return of the minute-men of this town, that " met at Andover for Exsise " 
 on Thursday, the 13th of April. Forty-six men of Captain Sawyer's 
 company were present. Little did they probably think that this was their 
 last oi^portunity for preparatory " training," but so it proved. Before 
 another week had passed, the fearful struggle had commenced. 
 
 AYe need not repeat the story of the morning of the immortal Nineteenth 
 of April, 1775. The soil of Lexington and Concord was baptized with 
 the blood of American Patriots, and the whole country was aroused. The 
 news' probably reached this town soon after noon of the same day, and 
 the minute-men immediately left for the scene of action. Before night, 
 one hundred and jive Haverhill men were '■'gone to ye Army." This was 
 almost one-half of the entire militia force of the town. Surely we can do 
 no less than to place the names of these noble patriots on our pages. 
 
 The fir^ of the following lists, is aroll-fof the " Minite Men" who 
 marched upon the alarm. 
 
 " Cambridge April 2G 1775 
 
 " A List of the men who Eecieved their Part of the Billiting or Bounty 
 Money from ye Town of Haverhill " 
 Capt James Sawyer, Daul Colby, 
 Lt Tim'y Johnson, Saml Sanders, 
 
 Lt Nathl Eaton, Saml Ela, 
 
 Sargt Heseltine Moses, John Gibson, 
 
 Humphy Nichols, 
 Thos Tyler, 
 Josiah Eesenden, 
 Joel Herrimn, 
 John Dow, Nathan Peabody, 
 
 James Townsn, Phillip Bagley, 
 
 Saml Emerson, Charles Davis, 
 
 Joseph AVebster, James "Wilson, 
 
 Jonathn Longer, Chase Sargcant, 
 
 Danl Lord, James AVhitaker, 
 
 Wm Sawyer, Seth AVyman, 
 
 Asa Currier, Ebenr Griffin, 
 
 James Snow, Peter Emerson, 
 
 Nathn Ayer, Euben Sargt, 
 
 John Eaton, Danl Griffin, 
 
 Mitchal Whitier, James Kimball, 
 
 AVm Davis, Enoch Eaton, 
 
 men, (except Peter Emerson, who received 5s, 
 Enoch Eaton, who received Gs) received nine shillings Bounty money. 
 
 John Barry, 
 Simn Pike, 
 Moses Emerson, * 
 Jonathn Duston, 
 Lewis George, 
 Job Gage 
 Isaiah Eaton, 
 Joseph Emerson, 
 John Sanders, 
 Stephen Jackson, 
 James Smyley, 
 Joshua Emery, 
 Daniel Chiney, 
 Each of these 
 
 and 
 It 
 
 was paid them by Colonel Brickett, and the original list of the company 
 
584 
 
 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL 
 
 13 in liis hand-writing. June 26, 1776, the House of Eepresentatives 
 " Eesolved, That there he allowed & paid out of the Public Treasury of 
 this Colony, to the Selectmen of Haverhill, the sum of Fifty seven pounds 
 four shillings and six pence in full of their account of provisons supplied 
 the Army, at the time of Lexington fight, on the 19th of April 1775." 
 
 " A Muster Koll of the Company under the Command of Capt Daniel 
 Hills in Colo Johnsons Eegt of Militia which inarched on ye alarm April 
 19th 1775, from ye Town of Haverhill to Cambridge under the Command 
 of Lt Saml Clements." 
 
 Persons names 
 
 1st Lt Saml Clements, 
 2 Lt Ebener Gage,. . . 
 Serjt Jno Downing, . . 
 
 Serjt Jas Ayer 
 
 Serjt Saml Middleton, 
 
 John Gage 
 
 Timothy George, .... 
 
 David Peasly, 
 
 Moses Witcomb, 
 
 Enoch Cordwill, 
 
 Moses Herriman, .... 
 
 Nathl Bodge, 
 
 James Walker, •- 
 
 James Kimball 
 
 Jacob Green, 
 
 Nehh Emerson, 
 
 Wm Cooke, 
 
 Ebenr Ballard, 
 
 "\Ym Wingate 
 
 Cotton Kimball, 
 
 Edward Shaw, 
 
 Philln Colby, 
 
 Jno Serjant, 
 
 Jno Perley, , 
 
 70 
 
 Amt lit 
 Id 8 mile 
 
 No. days 
 
 each man 
 
 Avas in 
 
 bervice 
 
 5s 10 
 
 Wages due to each Total of Travel 
 man & Wasjes 
 
 £0.17.2 
 0.17.6 
 0.10.3 
 0.10,3 
 0.8.7 
 0.10. 
 0.7.1 
 0.10. 
 0.8.6 
 0.8.6 
 0.8.6 
 0.8.6 
 0.10. 
 0.8.6 
 0.5.8 
 0.10. 
 0.8.6 . 
 0.8.6 
 0.10. 
 0.8.'6 
 0.8.6 
 0.5.8 
 0.7.1 
 0.5.8 
 
 £1.3— 
 1.3^ 
 
 o:i6.i 
 
 0.16.1 
 0.14.5 
 0.15.10 
 0.12.11 
 • 0.15.10 
 0.11.4 
 0.14.4 
 0.14.4 
 0.14.4 
 0.15.10 
 0.14.4 
 0.11.6 
 0.15.10 
 0.14.4 
 0.11.4 
 0.15.10 
 0.14.4 
 0.14.4 
 0.11.6 
 0.12.11 
 0.11.6 
 
 111 I £11.1.5 1 
 
 Saml Clements Lt 
 
 a true copy 
 
 £ 18.1.5 
 
 G Tailer 
 
 ° James Walker was of the sixth generation since tho settlement of the town. Duriiis the -nar, lie 
 was an ensign in a company raised hfre. and afterward comm.nided a dttaclimeiit of inc-n who had char;;© 
 of the bi)ats belonging to one of the divisions wh'ch crossed the Delaware, on flic night previous to the 
 memorable battle of Trenton, December 25th, 1776. Jj'mm 1818. until his death, Mr. Walker received a 
 pension of twenty dollars a, month. Ha died f ebroAry Stii, 1S46, in the ninety-eighth year of his age. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 385 
 
 *' A Muster -Eolljof tlie Company under ye Command of Capt Ebenezer 
 Colby in Colo Johnsons Eegt of Militia wch marchd on ye alarm April 
 19th 1775 from ye Town of Haverhill to Cambridge." 
 
 Persons names 
 
 iNo miles Amt at 
 out (ft home Id 8 mil; 
 
 Capt Ebenr Colby,. 
 Jos Grreeley Sergt, . 
 Josiah Brown do . . . 
 John Gutridge, . . . . 
 
 John Page, 
 
 Barnard Sargent, . . 
 
 Jacob Ealey, 
 
 Samuel Page Jr, . . . 
 
 Edmd Brown, 
 
 Jona Ealy, 
 
 Ephm Chase, 
 
 Leonard Chase,. . . . 
 Jona Hunkings, . . . 
 Saml Bradbry, . . . . 
 Phinea Nichols, . . . 
 
 Francis Carr, 
 
 Eichd Currier, . . . . 
 Erancis Morrill, , . . 
 
 David Mors, 
 
 Jos Piobinson, 
 
 Abner Kimball, . . . 
 
 Jos Hardy, 
 
 Ezra Chase, 
 
 Nehh Ordaway,.. . 
 
 David George, 
 
 Saml Ayer Junr. . . 
 
 Saml Page, 
 
 Wm Bradbry, 
 
 Benja Ordaway, . . . 
 
 70 
 
 5s 10 
 
 No days 
 
 each man 
 
 was in 
 
 service 
 
 Wages due to each 
 man 
 
 T'tal of Travel 
 & Wages 
 
 £0.17.i 
 0.10.3 
 0.8.7 
 0.8.6 
 0.8.6 
 0.8.6 
 0.5.8 
 0.8.6 
 0.5.8 
 0.5.8 
 0.8.6 
 0.8.6 
 0.8.6 
 0.5.8 
 0.5.8 
 0.8.6 
 0.8.6 
 0.8.6 
 0.8.6 
 0.8.6 
 0.8.6 
 0.8.6 
 0.2.10 
 0.2.10 
 0.2.10 
 0.2.10 
 0.2,10 
 0.2.10 
 0.2.10 
 
 £l.2.11i 
 0.16.1 
 0.14.5 
 0.14.4 
 0.14.4 
 0.14.4 
 0.11.6 
 0.14.4 
 0.11.6 
 0.11.6 
 0.14.4 
 0.14.4 
 0.14.4 
 0.11.6 
 0.11.6 
 0.14.4 
 0.14.4 
 0.14.4 
 0.14.4 
 0.14.4 
 0.14.4 
 0.14.4 
 0.8.8 
 0.8.8 
 0.8-.8 
 0,8.8 
 0.8.8 
 0.8.8 
 0.8.8 
 
 Ebenr Colby Capt £18.12.3^ 
 
 a true copy G- Tailer 
 Essex Ss Haverhill Jany 9th 1776 
 
 Then Capt Ebenr Colby within named, appeared & made Oath to ye 
 truth of ye within accott by him subscribed 
 
 Before Me Saml Phillips Jus Peace 
 Examined and compared with the Original 
 Edwd Eawson ) 
 
 49 
 
 James Dix j 
 
 Committee. 
 
S86 HISTORY OV HAVERHILL. 
 
 In addition to the three companies here given, we m»st add the name of 
 " Col James Brickett," (afterward General) who probably hastened to 
 Cambridge on the first alarm, as we find he was there on the 26th, and 
 subsequently. 
 
 The following letter, from our delegates to the Provincial Congress, 
 dated the next day after the battle at Lexington, is additional evidence 
 that these men marched immediately on the alarm : — 
 
 "Haverhill April 20th 1775. 
 Sr 
 
 The late dreadful Fire in this town" — The great Number of our 
 People gone to ye Army — The great Numbers from ye other Government 
 that pass & repass thro this town, & ye disturbances in it, renders it ab- 
 solutely necessary, as we apprehend, that we attend at home to preserve 
 Order & quiet — 
 
 Therefore Sr, we hope you will excuse our nonattendance this Session — 
 wishing that he that giveth wisdom liberally, would enlighten your Paths, 
 we subscribe, Sr 
 
 your Humble Servts 
 
 Nathll Peaslee. Sargeant 
 Jonat Webster." 
 The letter is directed to 
 
 " The President of ye Provincial 
 Congress, 
 
 now Sitting. 
 Pord by Isaac Merrill Esqr." 
 The letter was received, and read, on the afternoon of the 25th, and the 
 following answer was returned to the Town Clerk of Haverhill : — 
 
 "Sir: The Congress have this day received a letter from Nathaniel 
 Peaslee Sargeant Esq, and Jonathan Webster Esq, acquainting them that 
 the late dreadful fire in Haverhill, together with some 'public disturbances 
 in said town, make it necessary that they should be at home at this time. 
 The CongTess apprehend that the important business of the colonies re- 
 quires that every town should be now represented ; and therefore desire 
 that if neither of those gentlemen can attend, others should be elected in 
 their room, that the wisdom of the whole colony may be collected at our 
 hour of need." 
 
 <' On Sunday, 16th of April, a destructive fire broke out in Main Street, and all the west side of it 
 from what is now Court Street to the corner, was burnt. Seventeen buildings were destroyed, including, 
 a large brick tavern, owned by Mr. John White, the store of Deacon Joseph Dodge, the store of James 
 Duncan, Esq., a house occupied by Mrs. Alley, and a distillery. The earth was parched with a drought, 
 and everything was convbustible. The meeting-house was frequently on fire, and there being but one 
 engine, it was difiicult to subdue the raging element. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 387 
 
 At the opening' of tlie third Congress, at Watertown, May 31st, Mr. 
 Webster was present, and took an active part throughout the session. "We 
 notice that he was almost daily appointed on important committees. 
 
 In the midst of the excitement, anxiety, and distress, of the inhabitants 
 of the town, consequent upon the news from Lexington and Concord, and 
 the departure of so many men for the war, now actually begun, there 
 occurred an event which added ten-fold to the distress of those left behind. 
 Those who witnessed it, can never forget its scenes, and those who did not, 
 can have but a faint idea from any description. We allude to what has 
 been sometimes called " the Ipswich fright," and which happened some- 
 thing in this wise : — 
 
 On the afternoon of the second day, after the Lexington fight, a man 
 named John Tracy, of Marblehead, came riding into town, bare-headed, 
 and in the most excited manner cried out that the British were marching 
 ^ward the town, and would be here by the next morning, — that they 
 were " cutting and slashing all before them." The news spread like wild- 
 fire, "and being generally credited, it produced a complete and most 
 distressing panic. As a large part of the militia of the town were gone to 
 the scene of action, the terror and alarm, particularly among the women 
 and children, exceeded the power of language to describe. Preparations 
 were immediately made, by all who could command any means of trans- 
 portation, to remove at once into the back country ; and many who had 
 neither horse nor oxen of their own, hastily collected a bundle of such 
 necessaries g,s they could carry, and started on foot. The scene on the 
 village common that night can scarce be imagined. Guards had been 
 posted at a distance to give the alarm if the enemy should appear, and, 
 with horses saddled, and ox-carts loaded, and the oxen yoked, the affrighted 
 inhabitants repaired to the grounds around the meeting-house, and the 
 *' old town pump," and anxiously waited for daylight, to take up the line 
 of march. Those who lived near by, put their children to bed undressed, 
 and many who lived in more distant parts of the village, brought their 
 children to the houses of those near the meeting-house. And so the night 
 wore slowly away. With the morning, messengers were dispatched to leani 
 more of the dreaded enemy. But no reliable information could be obtained, 
 either of them, or as to the truth of the first report, and gradually the in- 
 habitants became convinced that it was a false alarm, and one after 
 another returned to their own dwellings with lighter hearts than they had 
 left them only a few hours before." 
 
 ° In the East Parish, large numbers of the affrighted inhabitants flocked to the "hemlocks," on the 
 east side of BLenoza Lake, where they remained concealed during the night 
 
388 
 
 HISTORY OF HAVERHILl,. 
 
 The origin of tlie alarm is still inYolved in obscurity. By some it Las 
 been supposed to have been a regularly concocted scheme to alaim and 
 distress the inhabitants, and it is remarkable that the same story, in sub- 
 stance, was simultaneously told, from Ipswich to Coos. In every place 
 the " regulars " were but a few miles behind the messenger. How, or by 
 whom, or with what motives, the report was first started, no one could ever 
 tell. It lasted but one night, and in the morning all who were informed 
 that the rumor was without foundation, 
 
 '• llcHurncd safe home, right glad to save 
 
 Their property from pillnge ; 
 And all agreed to blame the man, 
 AVho first alarmed the village." 
 
 Two days after the Lexington fight, the Committee of Safety resolved 
 that eight thousand men should be immediately inlisted out of the Massa- 
 chusetts forces for seven months, unless sooner discharged. Two days 
 later, the Provincial Congress, which had been hastily summoned to con- 
 vene, resolved that it was necessary an army of thirty thousand men 
 should be immediately raised, of which Massachusetts should furnish 
 thirteen thousand, five hundred. These were afterward known as the 
 " eight months service men." 
 
 A careful examination of the rolls, shows that at least ninety-four Hav- 
 erhill men enlisted in this service. Below, we give their names, with the 
 company and regiment to which each was attached : — 
 
 In Captain James Sawyer's company, in Colonel James Frye's regiment, 
 were • 
 
 James Sawyer, Captain Francis Dinsmore Priv't Simeon Pike-' Private 
 
 Timothy Johnson, Lieut Joseph Emerson 
 Nathaniel Eaton, " Joseph Emerson Jr 
 Nathan Ayer, Corporal Peter Emerson 
 Asa Currier " Moses Emerson 
 
 Reuben Sargent " James Emerson 
 Benjah Clement Eifer Joshua Emery 
 John Tyler Drummer Samuel Ele 
 Moses Hesseltine, Serjt Isaiah Eaton 
 James Eix, " John Eaton-' 
 
 Seth Wyman, " Daniel Griffin 
 
 Phillip Bailey, Private Lewis George 
 
 Nathl Chiney 
 Jonathan Dustan 
 William Davis 
 Charles Davis 
 John Dow 
 Dudley Duston 
 
 Ebenezer Griffin 
 Lemuel Gage 
 Job Gage 
 James Kimball 
 Joshua Moors 
 James Pike Jr 
 
 Joseph Page 
 Nathan Peabody 
 Steven Euniels 
 Wm Sawyer 
 Edward Sawyer 
 Lemuel Sanders 
 John Sanders 
 James Snow 
 Chase Sargent 
 Henry Springerf 
 Thomas Tyler 
 James Townsend 
 William Whittier 
 James Whittier 
 Caleb Young 
 
 (Total 52) 
 
 » Killed at Bunker Hill, June ITth, 1775. t Enlisted in another company. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 889 
 
 In Captain Moses McFarland's company, in Colonel John Nixon's regi- 
 ment, 
 
 Moses McFarland, Capt Cornelius Mansise, Priv James Pecker, Private 
 Bartholom'w Pecker, Cor Nathl McFarland " James Smiley " 
 
 Mark Emerson, Fifer Phillip Nelson " Hugh Smiley " 
 
 John Alley, Private David Powers *' "William Smiley " 
 
 "William Cook " David Peaslie " (Total 14) 
 
 In Captain Micajah Gleason's company, in Colonel Nixon's regiment, 
 "Wingate Bradley, Fifer Lemuel Bradley, Private Samuel Rand, Private 
 James Kimball, Lieut Nathaniel Kimball " (Total 5) 
 
 In Captain Oilman's company, in Colonel Nixon's regiment, 
 
 David Bryant, Corporal "William Case, PrivateMoses Emerson, Private 
 Jonathan Nelson " Christopher Clement " Oliver Page " 
 
 "William Lament, Ensign Daniel Dow " (Total 8) 
 
 In Captain Butler's company, in Colonel Nixon's regiment, 
 
 John "White, Qr Master Matthew Jennerson Sergt 
 
 (Total 2) 
 In Captain John Davis's company, in Colonel Frye's regiment, 
 Peter Carlton, Private--' Ebenezer Carlton, Serjtf 
 
 (Total 2) 
 
 In Captain "Wells' company, in Colonel "Whitcomb's regiment, 
 
 Jacob Castle, Private John Crout, Private 
 
 (Total 2) 
 
 In Captain Francis' company, in Colonel Mansfield's regiment, 
 
 Nathaniel Duston, Private 
 
 In Captain Cogswell's company, in Colonel Gerrish's regiment, 
 
 Daniel Eeamick, Corp David Nickels, Private John AYhichcr, Private 
 Eichard Hesseltine Priv Jonathan Peaslee " (Total 5) 
 
 In Captain Poplin's company, in Colonel Gridley's regiment, 
 
 Samuel Heath, Private 
 
 In Captain Moore's company, in Colonel Nixon's regiment, 
 
 Jacob Whittier, Private. 
 The above regiments were all stationed at Cambridge, — excepting that 
 of Colonel Gerrish, which was stationed at Maiden and Chelsea. The 
 Haverhill men, with the two exceptions noted, were all (probably) enrolled 
 previous to May 19, 1775, at which time nearly all the above named offi- 
 cers were commissioned.! The time of enlistment was until the following 
 January. 
 
 * Did not enlist until July 13th, and served two months and twenty-two days. 
 t Enlisted February 14th, and served six months and twenty-one days. 
 
 t The returns were sent to the Provincial Congress, June 10th. Colonel James Brickett received his 
 commission as Lieutenant-Colonel, in Colonel James Frye's Essex Regiment, May 20th. 
 
390 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 It is wortty of mention, that although hut thirteen thousand, five hun- 
 dred men were called for, fifteen thousand voluntarily enlisted before the 
 middle of June. 
 
 The town of Harpswell having applied to the Provincial Congress for a 
 supply of powder, (which was very scarce in the whole colony) that body 
 requested (May 7) the selectmen of Haverhill to let them have one half- 
 barrel, promising that it should be replaced as soon as it could be had. 
 The supply of powder continuing to be very scanty, a committee was ap- 
 pointed to ascertain how much each town had, and report how much could 
 be safely spared for the public service. They reported that in forty towns, 
 a total of sixty-seven and three-fourths barrels could be spared. Of this 
 amount, Haverhill furnished two barrels. Only ten towns in the whole 
 colony were able to spare an equal amount each. 
 
 May 13th the Congress ordered post-riders to be immediately established 
 between Cambridge and the principal towns in the province, and estab- 
 lished post-offices in such towns. Simeon Greeuough was appointed post- 
 master at Haverhill. 
 
 On the loth day of June, the Committee of Safety, after long delibera- 
 tion, decided to occupy Bunker Hill, in Charlestown, and passed a secret 
 vote to that efi"ect. The next day, orders were issued to Colonel William 
 Prescott, Colonel Bridge, and the Commandant of Colonel Frye's'-''' regiment, 
 to be prepared for an expedition, with all their men fit for service, and 
 one day's provision. The same order issued for one hundred and' twenty 
 of General Putnam's regiment, and Captain Gridley's company of artillery 
 with two field-pieces. 
 
 Early in the evening of the 1 6th, Colonel Prescott was ordered with 
 these troops to proceed immediately to Charlestown, take possession of 
 Bunker Hill, and erect the necessary fortifications to defend it. Profound 
 secrecy was to be observed. The troops were silently assembled on Cam- 
 bridge Common, where a solemn prayer was offered up by Piev. President 
 Langdon, of Harvard College. At dark, the detachment left the camp, 
 and proceeded to Charlestown. Colonel Prescott led the way, dressed in 
 a simple calico frock, with two sergeants, having dark-lanterns open only 
 to the rear, about six paces in front of the troops. Profound mystery 
 
 o Colonel Frye was at the time ill of the gout, and, moreover, president of a court martial. His regi- 
 ment was, therefore, under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Jamts Brickett. Colonel Prescott, under 
 date " Camp at Cambridge Aug 25, 1775," writes to John Adams, at that time a Delegate to the Conti- 
 nental Congress : — 
 
 "On the 16th June, in the evening, I received orders to march to Breed's Hill in Charlestown, with a 
 party of about one thousand men, consisting of three hundred of my own regiment. Colonel Bridge and 
 Lieut. Brickett, with a detachment of theirs, and two hundred Connecticut forces commanded by Captain 
 Knoulton." — Frothingham' s Siege of Boston, 395. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 391 
 
 hung over tlie object of the expedition until they crossed Charlestown 
 neck and found wagons loaded with intrenching tools, fascines, gabions, 
 and empty hogsheads. 
 
 But we cannot continue thus minute. Suffice it to say, that the tall, 
 granite shaft on " Bunker's Height," has been erected to commemorate the 
 events of that night and the day following — 
 
 " The Glorious Seventeenth of June." 
 
 In that first hattU of the Revolution, Haverhill was largely represented. 
 In the detachment that marched to occupy the hill, on the evening of the 
 16th, were Lieutenant-Colonel Brickett, one; in Captain Davis's company, 
 one ; in Captain Sawyer's company, fifty-two — Total fifty-four. The 
 whole number of the detachment was not above one thousand men, — thus 
 giving this town one man in every twenty. Of those actually engaged in 
 the battle, the most careful and reliable accounts give us the following : — 
 Lieutenant-Colonel Brickett, one ; in Captain Sawyer's company, fifty- 
 two ; in Captain Moses McFarland's company, fourteen ; in Captain Glea- 
 son's company, five ; in Captain Davis's company, one ; in Captain Mooer's 
 company, one — total, seventy-four. •■= 
 
 The number of Americans engaged in the battle, fluctuated largely,, and 
 the crude state of the army organization at that time, render it impossible 
 to say with precision how many men took part in the action; but after a 
 long and patient examination, we give the above as very nearly the true 
 number of Haverhill men who took part in the glorious struggle on that 
 day. 
 
 Of the one hundred and fifteen killed, two were from this town — John 
 Eaton and Simeon Pike — both in Captain Sawyer's company. This com- 
 pany evidently performed hard service on this occasion, as we find in the 
 official list of those " who lost guns, &c., at the Battle of Bunker Hill," 
 the names of twenty-one from this town, — most of whom were attached to 
 this company, f They are as follows : — 
 
 Timothy Johnson, William Sawyer, Charles Davis, 
 
 Nathaniel Eaton, John Jepson, Joseph Emerson, 
 
 Nathan Ayer, William Whittier, Joseph Emerson Jr, 
 
 ** David How and Samuel Blodget, both of whom afterward became prominent citizens of this town, 
 ■were also in the battle. Blodget was one of those who succeeded in arresting the retreat of the New 
 Hampshire troops. 
 
 Colonel Scammon, of Saco, — who commanded a large regiment from Maine, on that day, — was at one 
 time previous a resident of Haverhill. He was not, however, actually in thebatUe, although "ordered to 
 go where the fighting was ! " 
 
 ° We also find in the Province Treasurer's book for 1776, — under the head of " Sundry payments 
 made for Losses sustained at the Battles of Lexington and Bunker Hill, paid in 1776," — the following ; 
 "June. Paid James Brickett & others £382, 6.1." We presume this was paid him for the persona 
 above named. 
 
392 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 Moses Emerson, Daniel Griffin, John Tyler, 
 
 James Pike, James Townsend, Stephen Eunniels, 
 
 John Dow, Joshua Moors, Eeuben Sargent, 
 
 Seth Wyman, John Cockle, Phillip Bagley. 
 
 Of the three hundred and five Americans wounded in the battle, we can, 
 with certainty, name only one from this town, — Colonel Brickett. He 
 was standing by the side of General Putnam, in the early part of the ac- 
 tion when a cannon-ball struck the plank upon which they stood, knocking 
 them both down. Colonel Brickett was wounded in the foot, and the 
 shock was so great as to cause a " rupture," from which he suflfered to 
 the end of his life.-' 
 
 Colonel Swett, in his account of the battle, says that General Warren, 
 as he went on the hill, to fight as a volunteer, obtained his arms, of Lieu- 
 tenant-Colonel Brickett, " who came ofi" with the first wounded." 
 
 The tune of the Americans, at Bunker Hill, was " Yankee Doodle." 
 It was the first time of its use by them, but ever after it was their 
 favorite, and has become our most popular national air.f 
 
 <5 James Prye's regiment, from Essex, was commissioned May 20. The latest return is dated May 26. 
 James Brickett was lieutenant-colonel; Thomas Poor, major; Daniel Hardy, adjutant; Thomas Kitt- 
 redge, surgeon. Colonel Frye did not go to Breed's Hill with his regiment on the evening of June 16, on 
 account of indisposition ; but was in the battle, behaved with spirit, and was active in urging on rein- 
 forcements. Lieutenant-Colonel Brickett, a physician, was wounded early in the action, and, with other 
 Burgeons, repaired to the north side of Bunker Hill, and remained in attendance on the wounded."— 
 Frbthingham' s Seige of Boston. 
 
 t Yankee Doodle. — To every Yankee, be he boy or man, who can whistle, hum, or sing, the tune of 
 Yankee Doodle is familiar ; but the burlesque song which in old time so often accompanied it, is fast pas- 
 sing into oblivion, and we cannot resist the temptation to give it a place in these pages. The story runs, ■ 
 that the song was composed by a British officer of the Revolution, with a view to ridicule the Americans* 
 who, by way of derision, were styled Yankees. The song has had many commentators and collators, and 
 undergone many additions and alterations. The following version gives it as sung nt least seventy years 
 ago, and is probably as near the original as we can now expect to secure it : 
 
 " Father and I went down to camp. 
 Along with Captain Goodwin, 
 
 Where we see the men and boys 
 As thick as Hasty-^wddm. 
 
 There was Captain Washington 
 Upon a slapping stallion 
 
 A giving orders to his men — 
 I gtiess there was a million. 
 
 And then the feathers on his hat, 
 They looked so tarnal fina, 
 
 I wanted 2^ockilij to get 
 To give to my Jemima. 
 
 And there they had a swampin gun, 
 
 As large as log of maple, 
 On a deuced little cart — 
 
 A load for father's cattle ; 
 
 And every time they fired it off. 
 It took a horn of powder. 
 
 It made a noise like father's gun, 
 Only a nation louder. 
 
 I went as near to it myself 
 Ab Jacob's underpinniti. 
 
 And father went as near again — • 
 I thought the deuce was in him. 
 
 And there I see a little keg, 
 Its heads were made of leather — 
 
 They knocked upon't with little sticks 
 To call the folks together. 
 
 And there they'd fife away like fun, 
 And play on cornstalk fiddles 
 
 And some had ribbons red as blood. 
 All wound about their middles. 
 
 The troopers, too, would gallop up 
 And fire right in our faces ; 
 
 They scar'ed me almost half to death 
 To see them run such races. 
 
 Old uncle Sam. come there to change 
 Softie pancakes and some onions. 
 
 For lasses-cakes, to carry home 
 To give his wife and young ones. 
 
 But I can't tell you half I see 
 They kept up such a smother; 
 
 So I took my hat off — made a bow, 
 And Bcampcr'd home to mother." 
 
HISTORY OF HATERHILL. 
 
 393 
 
 At a town meeting, held September 19th, it was 
 
 " Voted to dismiss the old Committees of Correspondence ; and of Safety, 
 and Inspection ; and to Chuse a new one in their Eoom." 
 
 *' Voted that a Committee of Seven Men be chosen to Serve as a Commit- 
 tee of Correspondence, Safety and Inspection ; and are as followeth Viz : 
 Dea Jonathan Shephard, Mr Isaac Eedington, Capt Eichard Ayer, Lieut 
 Samuel Merrill, Mr Ephraim Elliot, Lieut Isaac Snow, & Mr Thomas West." 
 
 At a meeting held December 11th, the town granted permissson for 
 Nathaniel Marsh and Isaac Bartlett to establish a manufactory of saltpetre, 
 and voted them fifty pounds, for their encouragement. But owing to the 
 unsettled state of the times, it was discontinued. 
 
 From the records of the First Company in this town, we copy the follow- 
 inf list of the names of those who were drafted from that company for the 
 continental service in 1775 and 177G: — 
 
 Thomas Cogswell, Capt Stephen Jackson, 
 Samuel Kimball, 1st Lt David Harris, 
 "William Lemout, 2d Lt Jonathan Harris, 
 Samuel Walker, Ensign Neheraiah Emerson, 
 •John AYhitc, Qr Master Jonathan Dustin, jr. 
 
 John Dow, 
 James Pecker, 
 Theodore Tyler, 
 Joseph Whiting, 
 John Eaton, 
 Stephen Dustin, 
 Jonathan Sargent, 
 Moses Harriman, 
 Nathan Ayer, 
 James Townsend, 
 Joseph Johnson, 
 
 Samuel Buck, 
 Daniel T3^1er, 
 William Grreenleaf, 
 David Moores, 
 Stephen Eunnels, 
 William Grage, 
 Daniel Eemich, 
 Moses Keezar, 
 Samuel Lecount, 
 Joshua Moores, 
 Joseph Wakefield, 
 James Eix, 
 John Whittier, 
 Bart Pecker, 
 John Alley, 
 Philip Bagley, 
 
 Samuel Middleton, 
 
 Samuel Middleton, jr, 
 
 AVilliam Baker, 
 
 John Stickney, 
 
 John Tyler, 
 
 Job Grage, 
 
 David Perley, 
 
 John Downing, 
 
 Nathaniel Kimball, 
 
 Samuel Woodman, 
 
 Ephraim Dodge, Philip Bagley, privates. 
 
 The following is a list of those who served six weeks at Eoxbary. They 
 were commanded by Captain Eaton, and mai'ched in December, 1775 : — 
 Obadiah Ayer, John Whiting, Moses Whittier, 
 
 Daniel Hill, jr, Nehemiah Emerson, jr, Samuel Greeuleaf, 
 
 Moses Willcomb, Peter Middleton, 
 
 Amos Clement, Ebenezer Ballard, 
 
 The following is a list of those " who hired for two months in February 
 1776, at forty shillings L. M. pr man." Samuel Appleton, John Cogs- 
 well, jr., Isaac Eedington, John Grreen, Theodore Tyler, Amos Gile, 
 William Wingate. David Marsh, Enoch Marsh, and Nathaniel Marsh, 
 were classed, and hired one man ; James Duncan, Samuel Duncan, and 
 Jonathan Barker, were classed, and hired one man; Israel Bartlett 
 and Phineas Carlton, were classed, and hired one man. 
 60 
 
S9i HISTORY 01" HAVERHILL. 
 
 It is impossible, at this time, to give the names of all who served in the 
 army of the Eevolution,- from this town, or even to give the time, and 
 place, and length of service, of all those whose names are still preserved. 
 It frequently happened that, when an order came to draft soldiers, two, 
 three, and four men were classed, and were obliged to hire one man to 
 serve in their room. This was done so as to make each man bear an equal 
 portion of the burthen. 
 
 At the annual meeting, March 19, 177G, the same persons that were 
 elected in September, were re-chosen a " Committee of Con-espondence, 
 Safety, and Inspection." 
 
 April 23d, a meeting was held and Thomas "West, Esq., was chosen a 
 delegate to a county^ convention to be held at Ipswich, " to consider of 
 some method by which they may obtain an equal representation, by every 
 man's having a like voice in the election of the legislative body of this 
 Colony." 
 
 On the 30th of the same month, a meeting was called, and Captain John 
 Mulliken, and Captain Cornelius Mansise, were chosen " a committee to 
 attend a meeting of Committees of Newbury, Newburyport, and Ames- 
 bury, May 2d, at the Town House in Newburyport, to fix on a plan of a 
 Fort to be built on Plumb Island." 
 
 At a meeting, warned for the purpose, June 25, 177G, the town 
 
 " Voted, That if the Honorable Congress for the Safety of the United 
 Colonies should Declare them Independant of the kingdom of Great 
 Britain, this Town do engage with their Lives and Fortunes to support 
 them in the Measure." 
 
 " Voted that the Town Treasurer is hereby impowered to hire money 
 for to purchase Arms &c for the use of the Poor in this Town."--' 
 \ June 29th, the towns of Haverhill and Newbury applied to the General 
 Assembly for arms and ammunition, " on account of their exposed situa- 
 tion." The Assembly decided that they were " unable to furnish them."| 
 
 On the same date last mentioned, (June 29, 1776.) an order arrived to 
 raise forty-three men in this town. The quota of the First Company was 
 eleven. They were destined for Ticonderoga, and marched July 23d. 
 Their government pay was nine pounds per month. The following were 
 furnished by the above company : — * James Brickett, Brig. Gen. ; Doct 
 
 ° They purchased twenty-five " Fire arms," at a cost of seventy-five shillings each. The money was 
 borrowed for the purpose, of Nathaniel Marsh. 
 
 t Several British vessels had already been taken by privateers and brought into Newburyport ; and but 
 a few days before, a Newburyport privateer, (the Tanlcee Hero) after a sharp engagement, had struck tc 
 a, British frigate. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 395 
 
 John Wingate, Ens Abraham Sweat, James Eix, Nathan Ayer, Benja 
 Moores, jr, John G-age, Peter Middleton, Dudley Duston, Joshua Mooers, 
 James Clements, and Doct Pecker. 
 
 Eix was hired by Isaac Eedington and Enoch Marsh ; Ayer, by Deacon 
 John Ayer; Benj Mooers, Jr., by Benj. Mooers and Samuel Souther; 
 G-age by Daniel D. Kogers and Phineas Carleton ; Middleton, by John 
 Sawyer and Joseph Dodge ; Duston, by Nathl. Marsh and Israel Bartlett; 
 Joshua Mooers, by Isaac Osgood ; Clements, by John White ; and Pecker, 
 by James Duncan. 
 
 On the 4th of July, the members of the Continental Congress affixed 
 their names to the Dsclaration of Independence, and the last hope of 
 reconciliation with the mother country expired. But, as we have seen, this 
 itown was prepared to do its part in the contest, and cheerfully and 
 promptly furnished "men and material " whenever called upon. They 
 had early put their hands to the plough, and during the whole of the long 
 and bloody struggle, we do not find the least sign or symptom of an 
 inclination to look hack. 
 
 On the 18th of July, order was received from Colonel Whittier" to draft 
 €very twenty-fifth man, destined for Ticonderoga. John Bailey, Thomas 
 Hopkins, and Nathaniel Bodge, were drafted from the first company, and 
 marched on the 17th of August. On the 25th of the same month, every 
 twenty-fifth man was raised, and marched for Dorchester. On the 22d of 
 September, an order was received to raise every fifth man in the town, 
 under fifty years of age, destined for New York. The quota of the First 
 Company was twelve, and it was so classed that three men were to furnish 
 one soldier each, and twenty-two were to furnish nine. In December, 
 another was received, to raise every fifth man in the town, to march to 
 New Jersey. The quota of the First Company was again twelve ; three of 
 whom marched, and the others employed substitutes. 
 
 o The following letter, from Colonel WTiittier, will be read with interest. Though excused from 
 marching to the field, he appears to have continued in charge of the home regiment : — 
 
 "To the Honorable James Warren Esq^r Speaker. — To be communicated to the Honorable House of 
 Representatives at Watertown. 
 Gentlemen, — 
 
 I tave very lately heard that I am appointed to the command of a Regiment for the Canada 
 Expedition. I most sincerely & heartily thank the Honoble Court, for their repeated Honors done me — 
 and should gladly have accepted the appointment — were it not, that my Health of late, has so far failed 
 me, that at present, I find myself unable to perform a Journey of Twenty Miles without much difficulty 
 & delay, — notwithstanding my willingness to assist in this (as I apprehend) just & righteous Cause — 
 yet the great &, constant care of a Regiment, & the Fatigues of such a long Journey, render it impossible 
 for me to accept the Invitation, with honor to myself <fe any Advantage to the Province, — therefore I 
 trust, that the Honorable Court will justify me, in declining to accept, at present, of such an appointment. 
 
 Gentlemen, That you may have all that wisdom which is proffitable to direct, — & that the American 
 Arms may be crowned with Victory & Success, is the Ardent Prayer of Your most humble & obedient 
 Servant JOHN WHITTIER. 
 
 Haverhill, July 1st, 1776." 
 
395 
 
 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 From the index to the Muster Eolls of Colonel ^NTixon'^s regiment, m 
 1776, — which rolls are now in the possession of the Antiquarian Society, 
 of Worcester, Mass., — we copy the following names of those who were from 
 this town. The whole numher is 63 : — 
 
 Joseph Ayer, Sergt, in Capt Gilman's Company, 
 
 The following were all in the Company of Captain Moses McFarland, 
 also of this town. 
 
 Joseph Wood, 1st Lieut Peter Cushing, 
 
 Dudley Tyler, 2d 
 Josiah Jones, Sergt 
 Moses Porter, " 
 Jona Serjeant, " 
 Eliph Cole, Corp 
 JohnJipson, " 
 David Peaslee, " 
 Wm Baker, Drummer, 
 John Tyler, Fifer 
 Benj Burnham, Servant 
 William Ayer, Private 
 Jesse Bradly, 
 Abiel Boynton, 
 James Bradbry, 
 Saml Baker, 
 Christr Bartlett, 
 Fortune Burneaux, 
 George Craige, 
 Wm Cook 
 
 Noah Church, 
 James Durgen, 
 Moses Downing, 
 Moses Dennis, 
 Eeuben Donalds, 
 Joseph Elkins, 
 Ebenezer Eastman, 
 Alpheus Ferren, 
 Samuel Fulsom, 
 Cato Frost," 
 Grant Duncan, 
 Joseph Johnson, 
 Cato Kittredge,^-' 
 Benj Long, 
 Thos McWhite, 
 Hugh McDurmid, 
 Joseph Morse, 
 Samuel Marble, 
 Benj Pettengill, 
 
 Charles Pierce, 
 Daniel Eemick, 
 AVm Serjeant, 
 Wm Smith, 
 John Smith, 
 Jeremiah Stickney, 
 Josiah Stevens, 
 James Smiley, 
 Paul Sawyer^ 
 Benj a Straw, 
 Daniel Tyler, 
 Theodore Tyler, 
 Thomas Tyler, 
 Francis Toll, 
 John Taggart, 
 Jona Woodman, 
 Samuel Woodman,. 
 Jesse Watts, 
 John Wallace, 
 Joshua Willett. 
 
 Stephen Clark, 
 
 AVhile our town was thus freely sending its sons to the field of strife, it 
 was not neglectful of those other measures that required consideration, as 
 a part of the great plan of American Independence, as may be seen by the 
 following copy of the warrant for a town meeting, October 14, 1776 : — 
 
 "1st To see if the Town will Vote to give their consent that the present 
 House of Eepresentatives of this State of the Massachusetts Bay in New 
 England — Together with the Counsel, if they consent in One Body with 
 the House and by equal Voice should consult; agree on; and Enact such 
 a Conotitution and Form of Government for this State as the said House of 
 Eepresentatives and Counsel as aforesaid, on the fullest and most mature 
 Deliberation shall judge will most conduce to the Safety, Peace, and 
 Happiness of this State, in all after Successions and Generations: 
 
 o Those to which a ' is prefi-ced were prohably " colored persons," of whom there was a large number 
 in the army. The first blood drawn in the Revolution, was that of a negro — Crispus Attucks — at the 
 Boston Massacre, on the 5th of March, 1770. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 897 
 
 2dly and if Voted— Then — 
 
 To see if the Town will Vote and direct that the same he made publick 
 for the inspection, and perusal of the Inhabitants ; before the Eatification 
 thereof by the Assembly." 
 
 Upon both of these propositions the town voted affirmatively. 
 
 The Continental Congress having called for 88 battalions " to serve 
 during the war, or for three years," fifteen of which were apportioned to 
 Massachusetts, a resolve passed the Assembly January 26, 1777, making 
 a requisition on the towns for "every seventh man of sixteen years old 
 and upward, without any exceptions, save the people called Quakers." 
 
 The whole number who enlisted in this town, under this requisition, was 
 sixty four. The following table, prepared from the " Eegular Army List," 
 gives the name, time of service, &c., of each man : — 
 
 Xames 
 
 Edmund Baker, 
 
 Timothy Betle, 
 
 Samuel Buck 
 
 Jacob Buck, , 
 
 Fortune Burnix, 
 
 Eliphalet Buck, , 
 
 William Baker, 
 
 Ebenr Ballard, 
 
 William Case, 
 
 Joseph Curriaur, .... 
 
 Asa Currier, 
 
 James Clements, 
 
 James Clements Jr. . . 
 
 John Dow, 
 
 Moses Downing 
 
 Charles Davis, 
 
 William Davis, 
 
 John Davis, 
 
 Edward Deacon, 
 
 John Gross 
 
 Samuel Gage, 
 
 Job Gage, 
 
 William Greenleaf,. . 
 William Hermon,.. . . 
 William Harriman Jr, 
 William Harriman, . . 
 
 Bounty 
 Reed 
 
 Regiment^ Time of 
 I Service 
 
 20 
 
 50 
 
 I d. dead Name of Corn- 
 Time of I 8. de- manders or Cap- 
 Enlistm'nt serted tains 
 
 
 1 
 
 mo. d 
 
 
 9th' 
 
 14-0 
 
 DW-' 
 
 
 ( 
 
 9-18 
 35-0 
 
 3 yrs 
 D W 
 
 • 
 
 ( 
 
 47-0 
 
 << 
 
 
 ( 
 
 48-0 
 
 <( 
 
 
 < 
 
 11-7 
 
 <( 
 
 13 
 
 12-25 
 
 i( 
 
 16 
 
 43-9 
 
 << 
 
 6th 
 
 12-24 
 
 3 yrs 
 
 9 
 
 46-6 
 
 D W 
 
 <( 
 
 11-24 
 
 <( 
 
 11 
 11 
 
 33-0 
 6-20 
 
 3 yrs 
 
 9 
 
 35-0 
 
 it 
 
 U 
 
 36-0 
 
 i< 
 
 1 
 
 45-6 
 
 D W 
 
 
 36-0 
 0-0 
 
 3 yrs 
 
 10 
 
 36-0 
 
 (( 
 
 2d 
 
 12-0 
 
 D W 
 
 11th 
 
 18-16 
 
 3 yrs 
 
 '< 
 
 35-4 
 
 " 
 
 13th 
 
 6-15 
 
 D W 
 
 9 
 9 
 
 4-17 
 46-3 
 
 3 yrs 
 D W 
 
 
 (< 
 
 4-17 
 
 3 yrs 
 
 pix 
 d Blanchard 
 2d Co 
 
 s 'Cogswells 
 
 jPage 
 
 Lt Inf 
 d Holden 
 
 Carr 
 d Colos Co 
 Invalid Greenleaf 
 d , 
 
 |2dCo 
 
 Carr 
 
 4th Co 
 Bradford 
 d Greenleaf 
 
 Page 
 d 2d Co 
 
 ° During the war. 
 
398 
 
 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 Name 
 
 d. dead Names of Corn- 
 Time of I s. de- manders or Cap- 
 Enlistm'nt serted I tains 
 
 Perley Haynes, 
 
 John Hutchins, 
 
 John Hutchins, 
 
 John Jepson, 
 
 John Johnson, 
 
 Abner Kimball, 
 
 Moses Keezer, 
 
 Moses Lacount, 
 
 Jonathan Longer, 
 
 John Lowgee, 
 
 John (or Jona) Moore . 
 Nathaniel Moody, ... 
 
 Benja Moody, , 
 
 Samuel Middleton,. . . , 
 Humphrey Moody,. . . , 
 
 Moses Mo )Yes, 
 
 Daniel Parker, 
 
 Daniel Page, 
 
 Benjamin Pressey 
 
 Nathan Peabody, 
 
 William Pecker, 
 
 Oliver Page, 
 
 David Peasley 
 
 Joseph Eichards, 
 
 James Eix, 
 
 Jacob Eow, 
 
 Samuel Eemick, 
 
 Elias Eowell, 
 
 Samuel Eenes, 
 
 William Smith, 
 
 Samuel Staples, 
 
 John Straw Jun, 
 
 John Straw, 
 
 John Thomas, 
 
 John Thomas, 
 
 John Willson, 
 
 Nicolus Wilcome, 
 
 James Pecker, 
 
 50 
 
 20 
 
 9 
 11 
 13 
 
 9 
 11 
 
 9 
 11 
 
 6 
 
 9 
 11 
 
 4 
 
 9 
 
 9 
 
 <( 
 
 9 
 13 
 8 
 9 
 9 
 If 
 
 13 
 5 
 9 
 
 9 
 13 
 
 9 
 
 ti 
 
 13 
 
 (Hazens Regt) 
 
 mo. d 
 36-0 
 34-17 
 15-16 
 
 6-29 
 34-7 
 36-0 
 34-19 
 
 3-4 
 36-0 
 19-27 
 
 0-0 
 36-0 
 36-0 
 34-16 
 36-0 
 36-12 
 31-0 
 36-0 
 34-20 
 35-10 
 36-0 I 
 
 9-10 
 
 0-2 
 45-11 
 35-4 
 46-21 
 14-20 
 12-20 
 35-13 
 43-21 
 12-0 
 36-0 
 17-11 
 
 0-1 
 48-0 
 
 0-1 
 37-14 
 30-231 
 
 3 yrs 
 
 D W 
 
 3 yrs 
 
 3 yrs 
 D W 
 3 yrs 
 
 ti 
 
 D W 
 
 3 yrs 
 
 D W 
 
 3 yrs 
 
 D W 
 
 <( 
 
 3 yrs 
 
 (< 
 
 D W 
 
 3 yrs 
 
 D W 
 
 3 yrs 
 D W 
 
 Blanchard 
 Prisoner Grcculeaf 
 d Smart 
 d Blanchard 
 
 Grreenleaf 
 
 Carr 
 
 Greenleaf 
 
 Daniels 
 
 Blanchard 
 
 Greenleaf 
 
 Pope 
 
 2d Co 
 
 2d Co 
 
 Page 
 
 Wiley 
 Blanchard 
 Invalid Wesson 
 Greenleaf 
 
 Page 
 
 Col Co 
 
 Blanchard 
 
 2d Co 
 <( f( 
 
 dead Blanchard 
 Smart 
 Blanchard 
 
 jPage 
 
 Blanchard 
 2d Co 
 Blanchard 
 jCarr 
 iHusrhes 
 
 In the above list we find the names of five who deserted. As we must 
 make a corresponding discount from our town's patriotic account, it is no 
 small satisfaction to give their names. Here they are : — Eliphalet Buck, 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 899 
 
 Jolin Davis, David Peasley, John Thomas, John Wilson ! As Buck first 
 served almost a year, perhaps we should have placed his name last on the 
 list, instead of the first. 
 
 At the annual meeting (1777) " Brig G-en JSmes Brickett, Capt Timothy 
 Eaton, Dea Ezra Chase, Lt Isaac Snow, Capt John Mulliken, Capt Samuel 
 Merrill, and Samuel Ayer," were chosen the Committee of Correspondence 
 and Safety for the year. 
 
 In April, eleven men were drafted from this town, for two months 
 service at Bristol, E. I. The following is a copy of their Pay Boll : • — 
 
 " Pay Boll for Capt Johnson's- ■= Company in Coll Titcoms Eegmt of 
 Militia from the State of Massachusetts Bay to the State of Ehodisland for 
 two months Service from their arrival in Providans in said State with 
 addition of Days travil from their several homes to the place of Distination 
 and Beturn home to the several towns where they came " &c. 
 
 Bristol, June 27, 1777. 
 
 Service. 
 
 James Crowel, Lieut. 2mo lOd arrivd Apl 27. Dischd June 27 1777 
 
 Benjamin Ordaway Sergt. " " " " " •' 
 
 Caleb Cushen, 
 
 John Alley, Pr. " >' 
 
 James Kimball, 
 
 Joshuay Kimball, " 
 
 Daniel Adams, 
 
 William Sergant, 
 
 Daniel Mitchal, 
 
 Joseph Ayers, " " " " " " '* 
 
 Jonathan Hayns, " " " " " " " 
 
 May 21, 1777, a meeting was held, principally "To see if the Town 
 will Vote to instruct their Eepresentatives to form a new Constitution of 
 Government in Conjunction with the Counsel — and when so formed to be 
 laid before the Town for their Inspection and Approbation or Disapproba- 
 tion, or alteration before it be Enacted." 
 
 2dly " To Chuse a Committee to see that the Eegulating Act shall be 
 carried into Execution, agreeable to an Act of the General Assembly." . 
 
 Upon the first article the town voted "not to instruct;" and upon the 
 second, voted to choose a committee of three, to see the Act carried into 
 execution. At an adjourned meeting, June 2d, " Brig Gen James 
 Brickett, Capt James Sawyer, and Dea Jonathan Shepard," were chosen 
 such committee. 
 
 " Captain Samuel Johnson, of Andover. 
 
400 HISTORY OP HAVERHILLj 
 
 In July, anotlier draft was made, for men to reinforce the northern army 
 till January 1st, 1778. The First Company furnished eleven. 
 
 In September, a volunteer detachment turned out to reinforce the 
 northern army. Through the kindness of John Bartlett, Esq., a son of 
 Lieutenant Israel Bartlett, we are enabled to give the names of these 
 volunteers, and also a copy of the Joui'nal kept by the latter, during the 
 time : — 
 
 " Sept. 1777. Eecd an invitation for half this Eegt to turn out as vol- 
 unteers to reinforce the Northern Army for 30 days after their arrival at 
 head quarters : the following turned out of this company : 
 
 Capt. Nathl Marsh, Moses Emerson, Thomas Hanes, 
 
 Lieut. Israel Bartlett, Ebenezr Greenough, Cotton Kimball, 
 
 James Ayres, John Gage, Dudley Ladd Jr, 
 
 Benj. Moors Jr, Jacob George, Saml Souther, 
 
 Nathan Ayers, David Green, John Souther, 
 
 Jonn Baker, James Haseltine, Jeremh Stickney, 
 
 Edmund Chase, Saml Walker, Ebenezr Duston. 
 
 Benj. Baker reed half a hire from David Marsh. Eheuezer Porter paid 
 by Chai'les Haddock. Joshua Moors paid by Ebenezer Wood. Jonn Har- 
 ris paid by Phineas Carlton and Enoch Marsh. Mark Withan by Simon 
 Mansies. John Clark reed 8 Dollars of J. Eeddington. Enoch Caldwell 
 paid 20 Dollars. James Pell paid 20 Dollars. Marched 4th. Oct. 1777. 
 Was absent 5 weeks, hire £6.0.0. Gen. Bricket turned out at the same 
 time." 
 
 ' ' Journal 
 of a march in the year 1777, when the British Army Surrendered to Gen- 
 eral Gates ; kept by Israel Bartlett. 
 
 Oct. 4 Marched, put up at Osgood's in Andover. 
 
 5 Marched and put up at Bedford. 
 
 6 Breakfasted at Concord ; Dined at Stow ; poor house, but fine peo- 
 
 ple — Put up at Bolton, good house — 
 
 7 Breakfasted at Lancaster — Dined at Holton — • Put up at Eutland 
 
 at one Bartlet's, a very good farm. 
 
 8 Breakfasted at Oakham — Passed through Newbraintree and dined 
 
 at Hardwick — Put up at Hinse's in Greenwich — 
 
 9 Breakfasted at Amherst — passed through Hadley and put up at 
 
 Northampton. 
 
 10 Dined at Chesterfield — Stop'd and baited at Partridgefield — Put 
 
 up at Worthington — 
 
 11 Put up at Pittsfield — 
 
mSTORT 01? HAVERHILI.. 401 
 
 12 Marched to Hancock — Stopd & viewed the spring & dined atPLil- 
 
 lipstown, put up at ditto — 
 
 13 Settled all accounts in Company — Arrived at the New City of 
 
 Albany & passed over the North Eiver, and put up at Half 
 Moon — 
 
 14 Marched and arrived at the Old Camp at Stillwater. 
 
 15 Marched and arrived at Head Quarters at 12 O'clock. Encamped 
 
 in the Woods — Good House & Grand fire. 
 
 1 6 A fine morning, opens with expectations of seeing Mr. Burgoyne & 
 
 all his troops in our possession this day — 10 O'Clock, we were 
 alarmed and ordered to turn out, for that Gen. Burgoyne had 
 refused to sign the capitulation, and hostilities would Com- 
 mence in one hour. Defered till 12 O'Clock — Sunset; news 
 again, that the articles are signed — General orders, that men lay 
 on their arms, for the General suspects treachery. 
 
 17 Parade at 10 O'Clock to receive Gen. Burgoyne, who accordingly 
 
 arrived at 12 O'Clock, and the troops followed at three O'Clock. 
 we are ordered to draw three days provision, and march in order 
 to take charge of the prisoners, who are to march to Boston. 
 
 1 8 Marched to Stillwater — This day very fatiguing. Encamped this 
 
 night. 
 
 19 Marched this day at 1 O'clock 8 miles and encamped in the woods. 
 
 20 Marched this morning & gained 10 miles, which brought us to the 
 
 front of the army at a place called St Croix. 
 
 2 1 Marched 1 8 miles to Williamstown, through a severe snow storm, 
 
 put up at a very good house — 
 
 22 Halted all day at Williamstown to draw provisions — 
 
 23 Marched at 10 O'Clock towards Lanesborough — The army in two 
 
 divisions ; we in the rear of the first division. 
 
 24 Marched 7 miles to Pittsfield and halted at good quarters — 
 
 25 Saturday. "We marched to Worthington 20 miles, through exceed- 
 
 ingly had mountains and deep mud — We marched late, but got 
 good quarters — 
 
 26 Sunday we rested — The people very religious. We are to march 
 
 tomorrow to Northampton. 
 
 27 Monday. We marched to Northampton to day, 18 miles, through 
 
 the rain & mud, very fatguining. Arrived at 2 O'Clock — 
 Three men left came up to day and tell us that the people, we 
 thought religious, deny our pajing reckonicg. 
 51 
 
402 arsTORT of haverhill. 
 
 28 Tuesday. We rested at Hampton all day on account of a very 
 
 severe storm of rain and snow. 
 
 29 Wednsday. "We are ordered to advance in front. "We marched 
 
 and ci'ossed the river at 10 o'clock, and advanced four miles from 
 Hadley : place called Amherst. 
 
 30 Thursday. We marched thro' Belcher and Ware and put up at 
 
 Weston, about 20 miles from Amherst. 
 
 31 Friday We marched I2 mile and halted in front of the British 
 
 Army — Breakfasted & marched to the furthest part of Brookfield 
 1 1 miles from our last quarters. Were forced to march 4 or a 
 miles further than we intended, for want of quarters. 
 Kov. 1 Saturday — -We marched 1^ mile to Spencer & halted all the rest of 
 day to draw provisions ; the commisary being absent, could not 
 draw 
 
 2 We drew one day's provision and marched thro' Leicester and 
 
 halted at Worcester, 14 miles from our last quarters. 
 
 3 Monday. We marched to Northborough and halted 10 miles from 
 
 our last quarters. 
 
 4 Tuesday — Marched from Northborough to Marlborough, 8 miles and 
 
 halted — we are mustered and obliged to march, occasioned by 
 the Artillery's advancing beyond the lines set— we marched 5 
 miles and halted at Sudbury. 
 
 5 Wedny. Marched to Watertown, 5 miles from Cambridge. 
 
 6' Thursday we marched to prospect hill in Charlestown, through rain- 
 and mud, the worst day's march we have had ; we expected to- 
 continue till rested, and draw provisions, as we had none since 
 we left Brookfield : but on our return from Prospect Hill a Maj, 
 of Brigade overtook us and dismissed us, with the General's 
 thanks ; but the pro\asion' would have done us more good, as 
 little could be procured at Cambridge." 
 The closing paragraph of the Journal affords us an opportunity to say 
 that General Brickett, who commanded the escort of the prisoners, seriously 
 embarrassed himself by advancing large sums of money from his private 
 purse, and contracting obligations to furnish necessary provisions and 
 accommodations for the troops, during this long and tedious march. For 
 all this, he never received one 'penny ! Massachusetts claimed that it be- 
 longed to the United States government to reimburse him ; and Congress 
 was pleased to refuse to allow him the claim, on the ground that General 
 Brickett was not an United States officer, but under commission from 
 Massachusetts ! Between the two, the General's just claim fell to the 
 
HISTORY OP nAVERHILL. 403 
 
 ground, and to thifs day has never been paid. When Congress afterward 
 pensioned the soldiers of the Ecvolution, General Brickett was urged to 
 secure one for himself, as he could readily do so, but he indignantly 
 refused to accept a pension, while his higher claim was ignored ?jy the 
 government. 
 
 The following, copied from the original in the State Archives, are well 
 worth a place in our pages : — 
 
 " To the Honorable General Court Now sitting in Boston. 
 
 The petition of B. G. James Brickett Humbly Sheweth, That 
 whereas in obedience to a Piesolve of the Genl Court in the year 1777, for 
 Eeinforcing the Northern Army, then under the command of General 
 Gates, I marched with a number of Men, and joined said army, soon after 
 which the articles of Convention between Mr General Gates and Gen 
 Burgoyn were Exchanged, after which by the General's Direction, I re- 
 cieved orders to take ye command of the Escort for Gen Burgoyn' s troops 
 from Saratoga to Boston, which Business was compleated as Expeditious as 
 possible, for which Services I have not Eecieved any Eecompense. Not- 
 withstanding the aplication made to Generals Heath & Glover — who I 
 considered as the proper persons to apply to — wherefore this is to beg you 
 would consider of the affair & Grant such compensation, as you in your 
 wisdom shall think proper for said services, & the Necessary Extra Ex- 
 penses I was at — and your petitioner as in Duty Bound will ever pray 
 Dated Haverhill James Brickett 
 
 March 27th 1780 
 "I do hereby Certify; That Brigadier General James Brickett, was 
 appointed to ye Command of about five Hundred Militia, Detached from 
 General Gates ai^ny, to Guard a Division of ye Convention Troops, from 
 Saratoga to Cambridge, in Octobr 1777 — which Charge he executed with 
 Judgment and Prudence Jno. Glover 
 
 B General 
 Marblehead 29 Apl 1780 
 
 " State of Massachusetts Bay 
 In the House of Eepresentatives May — 1780 
 
 On the Petition of Brigr James Brickett 
 Eesolved that Brigr James Brickett be allowed for his Services in Eein- 
 forcing the Northern Army under the Command of Major Genii Gates ; 
 that he be permitted to make up a Eolle as Brigr and Exhibit the same to 
 the Committee on Eolles for allowance ; & the Trear is hereby ordered 
 to charge the same to the Continent." 
 
404 HISTORY or HATERHILt. 
 
 General Brickett afterward wrote that he would make up his Eolls as 
 soon as he received returns of " parts of one or two Eegiments." This is 
 as far as we can trace the matter. For reasons above given, he finally 
 failed to receive his well-earned wages. 
 
 But to return to our town. October 6, 1777, a meeting was warned, 
 
 " 1st. To see if the Town will carry into Execution a late Act of the 
 Great and Genl Court, intitled an Act for the Securing this and the Other 
 United States against the Danger to which they are Exposed by the inter- 
 nal Enemies thereof : 
 
 2dy To see if the Town will chuse some One Person to collect Evidence 
 against those Persons that may be deemed Enimical to their Country, as 
 directed by the said Act : 
 
 ody. To see if the Town will chuse a Committee to Supply the Soldiers 
 Families that are gone into the Continental Service, agreeable to a Eesolve 
 of the General Court of this State." 
 
 Upon the first and second articles, the vote was in the affirmative ; and 
 Thomas West was chosen to collect evidence, agreeably to the second article. 
 
 At an adjourned meeting, held October 20th, a committee of ten were 
 chosen " to supply the families of such non-commissioned & private sol- 
 diers as are in the Continental Service." The following are the names of 
 the committee : — Thomas West, Deacon Moses Clement, Edward Ordway, 
 John Mitchell, John Smith, Jr., Jonathan Webster, Esq., Mr. Isaac Eed- 
 ington. Captain Timothy Eaton, Deacon Ezra Chase, and Lieutenant Isaac 
 Snow. 
 
 January 12, 1778, a town meeting was called, 
 
 " To see if the Town will take into consideration the Proposals of the 
 Continental Congress in entering into a Confederation, and perpetual 
 Union between the States, and to give Instructions to their Eepresentatives 
 how to act for or against it." 
 
 The following named persons were chosen a committee "to jaeruse the 
 Articles of Confederation, and give their Eepresentative Instructions 
 Eespecting them " : — Hon. Judge N. P. Sargeant, Brigadier-General 
 James Brickett, Major Enoch Bartlett, Samuel White, Esq., Mr. Joseph 
 Haynes, Captain Samuel Merrill, Mr. James Duncan, Doctor William 
 Bachellor, Deacon Ezra Chase. The meeting then adjourned for one week. 
 
 January 19th, the inhabitants of the town met, according to adjourn- 
 ment, and passed the following : — 
 
 " Voted, That a Union of the Thirteen independant American States is 
 a Matter of the greatest importance for the defence and Protection of this 
 and the Other American States : 
 
HISTORY OF HATERHILL. 405 
 
 Voted, That tlie Confederation, or Plan of Union formed by the Honble 
 Congress, and laid "before the Town, is in general very agreeable. Though 
 in some respects we could wish it altered : 
 
 Voted, as the Opinion of this Town, that the Larger States in this Con- 
 federacy Ought to have votes in Congress, in, or near the proportion of the 
 Taxes they pay for the Common Defence. — that it appears necessary 
 some Plan or Mode should be added to the Confederation for compelling 
 such States as shall be defective in Eaising Men, or Money for the common 
 Defense, to perform their Duty : Lastly 
 
 Voted, that our Eepresentative be Instructed, in Conjunction with the 
 Other Kepresentatives of this State, to Authorize our Delegates, or any 
 Number of them in Congress, to confirm and establish this Confederation, 
 or Plan of Union, with such alterations and Amendments as the General 
 Assembly may think necessary. 
 
 The Moderator dismissed the meeting." 
 
 At the annual March meeting, the following were chosen the Committee 
 of . Correspondence and Safety: — Brigadier-General James Brickett, 
 Captain Timothy Eaton, Deacon Ezra Chase, Isaac Snow, John Saw- 
 yer, Captain Samuel Merrill, Joseph Pike. 
 
 The renunciation of allegiance to the Crown of Great Britain, rendered 
 it necessary for all the American colonies to establish, as soon as practica- 
 ble, independent governments, for the protection and security of the people 
 and their interests. The growing necessity of a Constitution, or Form of 
 Government, for Massachusetts, led the General Court, in June, 1776, to 
 appoint a committee to prepare one. But as the opinion was generallj» 
 expressed that the subject should originate with the people, the business 
 was not proceeded in by the committee. The House contented itself with 
 recommending the people to choose their deputies to the next General 
 Court with power to adopt a form of government for the State. This 
 recommendation was renewed more formally the next spring. In the in- 
 terval, a convention of the Committees of Safety of a majority of the 
 towns in the State, met at "Worcester, and voted that it would be improper 
 for the existing General Court to form a constitution, but that a conven- 
 tion of delegates from all the towns fchould be called for that special 
 purpose. 
 
 A majority of the towns having chosen their representatives with a 
 special, or, at least, implied consent, to form a constitution, thq General 
 Court at their next session appointed a committee for that purpose. The 
 result was, that a draught was agreed upon, approved by a convention, 
 and submitted to the people. 
 
406 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 April 13, 1778, a town meeting was held 
 
 " 1st To see if the Town will vote to accept of the New Form of Govern- 
 ment lately proposed by the Convention of this State : 
 
 2d. To see if the town will vote to joyn in a Convention of this County, 
 to be held at Ipswych on the 15th Instant, relating to the new Form of 
 Government, proposed by the Convention of this State, as recommended to 
 us from the Select Men of Newbury Port." 
 
 " Voted, not to act on the 1st Article. Voted, not to comply with the 
 Eequest of the Select Men of Newbury Port &c." 
 
 The meeting was then dismissed. 
 
 May 21st, another meeting was called to consider the subject. The 
 warrant for the meeting directed " all Male Inhabitants being free and 
 Twenty one Years of Age To take into their deliberate Consideration the 
 Constitution and Form of Government agreed upon by the Convention of 
 this State on February last ; to see if the town will approve of the same." 
 
 The Clerk records : — "At the Bequest of the Moderator, I read the 
 Form of Government proposed. After some talk, & without any Vate 
 being tried, the meeting was adjourned to Monday next." 
 
 Monday, June 8th, the town again met, and proceeded to vote upon the 
 proposed Constitution. The result was seven votes for, and sixty-three 
 against it. The record gives us no. clue to the reasons for this strong oppo- 
 sition to the new Constitution, but we find that throughout the State the 
 general objections against it were, that it contained no declaration of 
 rights ; that the principle of representation was unequal ; and that the 
 powers and duties of the legislators and rulers were not clearly and accu- 
 rately defined. Besides, the opinion was still general, that such a 
 Constitution should be framed by a convention of delegates, chosen directly 
 .by the people. The vote in the State stood ten thousand against the con- 
 stitution, and two thousand in its favor ; and one hundred and twenty 
 towns made no return. 
 
 While the people were thus laboring to establish a proper form of 
 state government for themselves, they were at the same time making the 
 most vigorous efforts to establish their national independence, as may be 
 seen from what follows : — 
 
 May 5th, a meeting was held to see what the town would do about 
 " procuring fifteen soldiers for the Continental Army, which this Town is 
 obliged to.Baise." 
 
 After voting that they would raise the men required, it was 
 
 " Voted that the Militia Officers of the Companies of this Town be em- 
 powered to procure by hiring, sd soldiers, on the most reasonable Terms, 
 at the Charge of the Town : 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 407 
 
 Voted that tte Town Treasurer be directed to liire & 'furnish sd Officers 
 with such sums of Money as may be necessaj-y for raising sd Men : The 
 Officers to be accountable to the Town, for such sums of Money as they 
 shall recieve." 
 
 The meeting then adjourned for one week. At the adjourned meeting, 
 the treasurer was directed " to hire Money as soon as jDOssible, to enable 
 the Officers to raise Soldiers"; — and the militia officers were ordered 
 " to raise Men for the Militia Service, by hiring, at the Charge of the 
 Town." 
 
 On the succeeding page of the town records, we find a list of the names of 
 those of whom the treasurer borrowed money. It is as follows : — 
 
 " According to a Vote of the Town in the last Meeting, held on May o, 
 1778, I borrowed Money of the following Persons, viz. 
 
 May 13 
 
 Eevd Gyles Merrill 
 
 £ 75 
 
 
 Isaac Eedington 
 
 18 
 
 
 Capt Jas Sawyer 
 
 100 
 
 
 Langley Kelley 
 
 90 
 
 
 Jno Farnham 
 
 200 
 
 13 
 
 Edmd Kimball 
 
 SO 
 
 
 Israel Bartlet 
 
 30 
 
 16 
 
 David Brown 
 
 30 
 
 U 
 
 Daniel Lord 
 
 25 
 
 
 Anthony Chase 
 
 100 
 
 15 
 
 Saml Jackman 
 
 45 
 
 
 Austin George 
 
 39 
 
 
 "Willm Morse 
 
 68.2 
 
 
 Capt Jas Sawyer 
 
 60 
 
 
 Gideon George 
 
 180 
 
 
 William Appleton 
 
 30 
 
 18 
 
 James Whittaker 
 
 30 
 
 
 Caleb Cushing 
 
 150 
 
 19 
 
 Mrs Anna Gushing 
 
 57.7 
 
 July 2 
 
 Mehitable Carleton 
 
 36 
 
 
 Charles Haddock 
 
 100 
 
 4 
 
 Lieut Israel Bartlett 
 
 30 
 
 21 
 
 Thomas Whittaker 
 
 15 
 
 13 
 
 Capt Daniel Eames 
 
 15 
 
 
 Capt Timo Johnson 
 
 90 
 
 
 Capt Xat Marsh 
 
 30 
 
 23 
 
 Thomas Sargent 
 
 30 
 
 • 
 
 Capt Daniel Johnson 
 
 58.18 
 
 
 Saml Jackman 
 
 9 
 
 
 James Ayer 
 
 30 
 
 
 Joel Harriman 
 
 30 
 
 
 Joseph Snow 
 
 19 
 
 25 
 
 Timothy Ayer 
 
 60 
 
 
 Simon Hariman 
 
 10 
 
 36 
 
 Ephraim Brown 
 
 40 
 
 
 Jno Whittier Jur 
 
 5 
 
 
 Samuel Eames Jur 
 
 70 
 
 
 Israel Bartlett 
 
 35 
 
 28 
 
 James Kimball 
 
 60 
 
 14 
 
 Ebenr Gage 
 
 36 
 
 
 Benja Baker 
 
 60 
 
 
 Joseph Touring 
 
 90 
 
 29 
 
 Frances Smiley 
 
 70 
 
 18 
 
 Jona Sawj^er 
 
 40 
 
 
 Jno Baker 
 
 70 
 
 31 
 
 Ebenr Gage Jur 
 
 15 
 
 30 Eachel Duston 
 
 12.12 Aug 5 
 
 Bradley Mitchell 
 
 18 
 
 June 1 
 
 Caleb Cushing 
 
 20 
 
 10 
 
 Abigail Smiley 
 
 48.14 
 
 2 
 
 David Smiley 
 
 55 
 
 Sept 1 1 Dea Jo Kelley 
 
 15 
 
 3 
 
 Deacon Ezra Chase 
 
 50 
 
 24 
 
 Joseph Hall 
 
 11.8 
 
 8 
 
 -Samuel Ela 
 
 90 
 
 
 Daniel Carleton 
 
 21 
 
 10 
 
 Levi Seuter 
 
 62 
 
 
 Stephen Carleton 
 
 30 
 
 
 Zebadiah Barker 
 
 30 
 
 
 John Emery 
 
 30 
 
 
 Capt Saml Merrill 
 
 19.16 
 
 
 Deacn Jos Kelley 
 
 20 
 
 
 James Pecker 
 
 30 
 
 26 John Ayer 
 
 21 
 
40S 
 
 HISTORY OP HAVERHILI,. 
 
 30 Dea Ezra Cliase 
 
 54 
 
 Apl 17 Jno Brickett 
 
 60 
 
 Nov 23 Willm Chase 
 
 30 
 
 May 31 Widow Phebe Hatch 626 
 
 Dec 1 Jona Simmons 
 
 30 
 
 June 12 Langley Kelley 
 
 90 
 
 31 Moses Simmons 
 
 12 
 
 July 12 John Gross 
 
 282 
 
 1779. 
 
 
 Edmd Baker 
 
 150 
 
 Jan 12 Capt DanielJohnson 
 
 16.4 
 
 Nat Soley 
 
 282 
 
 14 William Chase 
 
 30 
 
 Eben Bradbury 
 
 45 
 
 Mar 16 Widow Sarah Ayer 
 
 129.6 
 
 Mary Baker 
 
 12 
 
 April 9 Francis Smiley 
 
 30.10 
 
 13 Daniel Quimby 
 
 200 
 
 David Smiley 
 
 15 
 
 
 
 
 May 1 Benja Baker 
 
 75 
 
 
 £4963.5 
 
 May 13 Nehemiah Simmons 
 
 51 
 
 
 
 The drafts upon the town this year were by no means light. In March, 
 two men were detached to serve as guards at Cambridge. In April, an 
 order was received to raise fifteen men in this town, to complete the fifteen 
 batallions which were raising for the continental army. The town voted 
 a bounty of one hundred pounds to each soldier who would enlist. They 
 were to serve nine months after their arrival at Fishkill. Those who were 
 detached from the First Company, were Nathan Kimball, Thomas Sargent, 
 William Appleton, Moses Harriman, Gilbert Bond, Ephraim H. Brown, 
 Samuel Fames, Francis Smiley, Jeremiah Davis, Edward Baker, jr., and 
 Daniel Quimby. In May, another order was received for a detachment of 
 ten men, to serve eight months after their arrival at Peekskill. The town 
 voted a bounty of ninety pounds to each soldier that would enlist. The 
 following enlisted in this service : — 
 
 Samuel Ela, Eobert Griffin, David , 
 
 Abraham Silver, Levey Senter, 
 
 Zebadiah Barker, jr., James Pecker, 
 
 In July, twelve men were detached for Rhode Island. The following 
 gives their names. They are copied from " A Muster Eoll of Capt Jona- 
 than Fosters Company of Col Nathl Wades Eegt of the Mass Troops now 
 in the Service of the United States. Stationed in Middleton in the State 
 of Ehode Island for the term of Six months from the first of July 1778." 
 Sergt John AVhittier enlisted July 1 Pr Parker Noyes enlisted July 1 
 
 Pr John Berry " 
 
 " 9 
 
 " Jonathan Silver " 
 
 ' 9 
 
 *♦ John Gage " 
 
 " 9 
 
 " Joseph Snow " 
 
 ' 9 
 
 " Simon Herriman " 
 
 " 9 
 
 " Theodore Tyler " 
 
 ' 9 
 
 " Peter Middleton 
 
 " 1 
 
 " Mark Witham 
 
 ' 9 
 
 " Joshua Moore " 
 
 " 11 
 
 " Ebenr Webster " ■ 
 
 ' 9 
 
 In the same month, six men marched to Cambridge, and were paid by 
 the town, and six men were detached from the First Company, to serve 
 six weeks at Ehode Island. In September, nine men marched from this 
 town, three from the First Company, to serve at Boston till the 1st of 
 January, 1779. 
 
HISTORY OF nAVERHILL. 409 
 
 To raise msn and money for these frequent drafts, required the exertion 
 of every nerve, — hut it was done. The following items will show some- 
 what of the expenses of the town for the national cause, this year : — 
 
 Sixty pounds were paid to four men, who served " as guards at Cam- 
 bridge." One hundred and twenty pounds were paid to eight soldiers, 
 who " served about Boston." Seven pounds eleven shillings were paid to 
 two men for " going to Boston ; " these were probably Simon Hamman, 
 and Joseph Snow, who enlisted, July 3d, for a six months' service, and 
 were paid fifty-five pounds each by the town, in addition to their expenses 
 to Boston. Nine soldiers enlisted in the militia, and were paid by the 
 town. The amount paid them was five hundred and ninety pounds. For 
 the fifteen soldiers for the continental army, the town paid fifteen hundred 
 pounds. Two men served on Winter Hill five months, to whom the town 
 paid fifty pounds ; they were Daniel Adams and Samuel Le Court. Eight 
 men served in the militia three months, and wore paid three hundred and 
 twenty-four pounds. Six men marched to Providence, and were paid 
 three hundred and thirty pounds. On the 30 th of June, the town raised 
 two thousand and six hundred pounds to defray the charges " it had been 
 at in procuring soldiers for the continental army and for the service of the 
 state." It was also voted " to raise £500 to hire the soldiers this town is 
 now obliged to raise." On the 19th of July, six soldiers were hired, to 
 be stationed at Cambridge, to whom the town paid one hundred and ten 
 pounds. 
 
 Besides these expenses, the town paid several hundred pounds for sup- 
 plies to the families of soldiers. This year there were at least ten such 
 families principally supported by the town.'--- 
 
 But we find no symptom of a murmur. At a meeting in September, 
 the militia oflSicers were directed"" to hire any detachments ordered by 
 authority, at any time," and the treasurer " to pay what money was neces- 
 sary for them." If he had no money, he was "to hire some." 
 
 In June of this year, the General Court made a requisition on the towns 
 for clothing for the soldiers of the army. This town came up promptly 
 at the call, and we find in a single receipt, dated December 11, 1778, the 
 items — 150 shirts, 91 pr shoes, and 57 pair stockings sent from Haver- 
 hill. 
 
 The whole expenses of the town for soldiers this year, was upwards of 
 thirty-one hundred pounds ! 
 
 ^ From September 1st, 1777, to March 1st, 1779, the town paid for this purpose £934.2.0. The whole 
 niunber of families was fom-teeE. The sum paid from October, 1779, to January, 1780, was £437.4.6. 
 
 52 
 
410 
 
 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL, 
 
 At the annual meeting in 1779, Thomas West, Lieutenant Peter Carl- 
 ton, Colonel John AYhitticr, Captain Samuel Merrill, Phinchas Carlton, 
 Isaac Snow, and Samuel Ayer, Jr., were chosen the Committee of Corrc-- 
 spondence aiid Safety.- 
 
 The committee to supply the families of those soldiers from the town, 
 who were in the army, were Mr. John .White, merchant, Ebenezer Gage, 
 Senr., Jonathan Duston, Deacon Benjamin Clements, Captain Samuel 
 Merrill, Samuel Aycr, Jr., Anthony Chase, Captain Joseph Eaton, Eichard 
 Kimball, William Ladd, Elias Johnson, Lieutenant Jonathan Webster, 
 and Simon Ayer. 
 
 The militia offisers were again ordered to hire what men the town should 
 bo called on to furnish, and the treasurer was directed to pay the bills for 
 the same. 
 
 The following account of bounties paid by this town, between Febru- 
 arj', 1777, and March, 1778, is copied from the book of the province 
 treasurer : — 
 
 Soldiers Names 
 
 Jacob Row 
 Robt Martin 
 David Peaslee 
 Samuel Buck 
 John Tyler 
 William Baker 
 Jno Dow, Sergt 
 Moses Kezar 
 John Thomas 
 Saml Remicks 
 John Straw 
 John Straw Jur 
 Joua Dustan 
 Moses Lacount 
 Job Gage 
 Thos Hopkins 
 
 Amt 
 Buuiity 
 
 £ U 
 15 
 U 
 14 
 14 
 14 
 14 
 14 
 7 
 14 
 14 
 14 
 87 
 14 
 
 T'me 
 
 V 
 
 Feb 
 
 Soldiers Names 
 
 Mar 
 Feb 
 Mar 
 
 Feb 
 
 Feb 
 
 Aug 
 Apl 
 Jauy 
 
 id 
 
 10 
 15 
 20 
 13 
 5 
 25 
 17 
 8d 
 11 
 24 
 10 
 10 
 10 
 19 
 
 Amt 
 Bounty 
 
 T'me 
 paid 
 
 Mar 
 
 Saml Middleton Jur 90 
 
 Thos Thornton 
 
 Wm Huston 
 
 Saml MidiltOn — 
 
 Danl Page SO 
 
 Chas Davis 14 
 
 1778 
 Mar 14 
 1777 
 3.12 May 
 17.2 June 
 
 Apl 
 Mar 
 
 Eeubn Sillaway 14 
 
 Abner Kimbal 14 
 
 Beiij Moody " 
 
 Eobt Brant 
 
 Natl Peas Moody 
 
 Jos Currier " 
 
 John Johnson 
 
 AVillm Davis 
 
 Danl Parker 
 
 Chase Pilsbury, 
 
 John HutchinsJur 
 
 Joseph Young 
 
 Humphrey Moody 
 
 Saml Staples 
 
 James Rix, Sargt 
 
 Jonathan Loughlur 
 
 John Loughar 
 
 Wiugate Bradley 
 
 Nathl Peabody 
 
 William Case 
 
 Saml Bradley Fulsom 15 " 
 
 Hollaway 15 " 
 
 Moses Worthing 12 Apl 
 Ebenezer Ballard 15 " 
 
 7 
 
 << 
 
 12 
 
 <( 
 
 15 
 
 <( 
 
 12 
 
 (( 
 
 15 
 
 " 
 
 14 
 
 " 
 
 21 
 
 May 
 
 14 
 
 Feb 14 
 
 21.10 
 
 Apl 
 
 21.10 
 
 Apl 
 
 16.10 
 
 <( 
 
 IG.IO 
 
 t< 
 
 15 
 
 <( 
 
 '^ At tlu' adjonincd mcet-ng, March 26ih, n new cumnr.ttee -was chosen, consisting of General James 
 Brickctt, Cai)tain Saniuol Merrill, Deacon Ezra Ch ise, Isaac Snow. John Saw.v(r, Captaiu Timothy Eaton 
 and James I'iiie. Ko reason ia given for choosing a new committee for this purpose. 
 
HISTORY OF nAVERniLL. 
 
 411 
 
 Soldiers Names 
 
 Jolm Berry- 
 John Stauford 
 
 Amt 
 
 Bounty 
 
 15 
 << 
 
 Time 
 wlun 
 paid 
 
 Apl 
 
 Joshua Hensliaw 
 
 ,, 
 
 <( 
 
 Jolm Hutchins 
 
 15 
 
 Apl 
 
 Eichd Jose 
 
 << 
 
 >( 
 
 William Gould 
 
 (( 
 
 <( 
 
 r oseph Richards 
 
 " 
 
 <( 
 
 "Win Smith Price 
 
 << 
 
 (( 
 
 Moses Downing 
 
 U 
 
 Feb 1 
 
 "William Harriman 
 
 SO 
 
 Apl 
 
 Timothy Bedle 
 Peter Carlton 
 
 18 
 2-t 
 
 May 
 
 Pearlcy Haynes 
 Lott Ayer 
 
 36 
 SO 
 
 << 
 
 Fortune Brennux 
 
 SO 
 
 << 
 
 Isaac Thompson 
 
 SO 
 
 (( 
 
 Soldiers Names 
 
 John Gibson 
 
 Saml Barber 
 
 Elias Rowell 
 
 John Wilson 
 
 James Clements 
 
 Saml Gage 
 
 Oliver Page 
 
 James Clements Jur 14 
 
 John Graham 
 
 Jacob Buck Jur 
 
 William Pecker 
 
 Willm Harriman Jur 
 
 Willm Greeuleaf Jr 
 
 Ben] Pressey 
 
 John Lee 
 
 Amt 
 
 T'me 
 
 Buuuty 
 
 vh 
 
 n 
 
 
 p.i 
 
 d 
 
 30 
 
 May 
 
 
 45 
 
 a 
 
 
 24 
 
 Apl 
 
 
 SO 
 
 May 
 
 
 14 
 
 Apl 
 
 
 18 
 
 i( 
 
 
 8 
 
 " 
 
 
 •14 
 
 <( 
 
 
 
 Feb 
 
 19 
 
 
 Mar 
 
 10 
 
 
 " 
 
 25 
 
 r " 
 
 Feb 
 
 13 
 
 .:= << 
 
 Mar 
 
 11 
 << 
 
 1 5 Feb 1 5 
 
 The complaints of the people in most of the States had become so loud 
 and so general, on account of the prevalence of extortion and monopoly, 
 growing out of the depi'eciation of the paper money, f that Congress deemed 
 
 « Liuutcnaiit Willi.iui GreciilcMf LMituTfil tlia sci-v'ci- as a private. J. aiuary. 1776. IIl- was a]ip.riite(l 
 Ens'gn sonn after, anrl subsequently commissioned as Lieutenant, lie was in the baltl'i at Govirni;r's 
 Island; tit Ilaarlom Ileii,'lits ; at the taking of Burgoyne; ciinied the standard of his re^'ni' nt at Mon- 
 mouth ; and was in the m.morable Retreat from Long Isl.iud. lie left the scrviee in I78-'?. and returned 
 to his native tow:i, where ho was for ni\ny years the popular landlord of Grcnlnof s Tavern (where the 
 Chase Block now stands). He was a brave ofhv-cr, and a kind and gcutlemanly citizen and neighbor, lie 
 died in 1832. 
 
 t As a paper of no small historical value and interest, wc copy the following tabic fnm the book of 
 our Town Treasurer. It was evidently prepared for h's own convenience. 
 
 " Scales of Depreciation. The Worth of £100 in Paper Money, when reduced to Solid Coin, at the 
 rate of Six Sh'llinss & Eight Pence for one ounce of Silver." 
 
 1777 
 
 Mass 
 
 New Iliimp 
 
 Congress 
 
 1779 
 
 Mass 
 
 Nil 
 
 Congress 
 
 January 
 
 9.-..4.9 
 
 Kqual 
 
 No iJepreci- 
 
 .T;m 
 
 l.i.lo 
 
 
 13 9.7 
 
 I'eb 
 
 n:?.11.0 
 
 96.3.1 
 
 ation till 
 
 Feb 
 
 11.100 
 
 
 11.10.5 
 
 War 
 
 91.14.11 
 
 94.6.9 
 
 October 
 
 Mar 
 
 10 
 
 
 lo 
 
 Apr 
 
 b9..5.8 
 
 90.18.1 
 
 
 Apl 
 
 9.11.1 
 
 
 9.1.2 
 
 May 
 
 87 
 
 87.14.4 
 
 
 ]\lay 
 
 8.4.7 
 
 
 8.4 7 
 
 June 
 
 8:i.6.8 
 
 Same as 
 
 
 June 
 
 7.9 
 
 
 7.9 
 
 July 
 
 80 
 
 Mass to 
 
 
 July 
 
 6.15 8 
 
 
 6.15.5 
 
 Aug 
 
 60 13.4 
 
 December 
 
 
 Aug 
 
 6 2.7 
 
 
 C.2.7 
 
 Pept 
 
 57.2.10 
 
 1779 
 
 
 Sept 
 
 5.11 
 
 
 5.11 
 
 Oct 
 
 36.7..3 
 
 
 9i.n.4 
 
 Oct 
 
 4. IS..-; 
 
 
 4.18.5 
 
 Nov 
 
 3.i.ii.8 
 
 
 8 -'.6. 8 
 
 Nov 
 
 4.6.8 
 
 
 4.7 
 
 Dec 
 
 32.5.3 
 
 
 76.9.8 
 
 Dec 
 
 3.17.3 
 
 
 3.17.3 
 
 1778 
 
 
 
 
 1780 
 
 
 
 
 Jan 
 
 30.15.5 
 
 
 68.11.8 
 
 Jan 
 
 3.8.1 
 
 3.8.1 
 
 3.8.0 
 
 Feb 
 
 2«.11.5 
 
 
 i>J.8.2 
 
 Feb 
 
 3.(1.2 
 
 3.0.2 
 
 3 
 
 Mar 
 
 26.1-1 
 
 
 57 2. ■ 
 
 Mar 
 
 2.1.3.6 
 
 2 1.3.0 
 
 2.13.7 
 
 Apl 
 
 25 
 
 
 4<l.7.6 
 
 Apl 
 
 2.1U 
 
 2 10 
 
 2.1U 
 
 M.iy 
 
 25 
 
 
 43.9 
 
 May 
 
 
 2.1.8 
 
 
 June 
 
 25 
 
 
 37.! 6 
 
 June 
 
 
 1.15 
 
 
 Julv 
 
 2:^.10 
 
 
 3.-! 0.7 
 
 July 
 
 
 1.13.4 
 
 
 Aui 
 
 22.4.5 
 
 
 2S.14 
 
 Aug 
 
 
 1.11.8 
 
 
 Sept 
 
 21. L 
 
 
 25.0.2 
 
 Sep 
 
 
 1.10.9 
 
 
 Oct 
 
 20 
 
 
 21.10.3 
 
 Oct 
 
 
 1.9 I 
 
 
 Nov 
 
 18.6.11 
 
 
 18.7 
 
 Nov 
 
 
 18.6 
 
 
 Dea 
 
 Xo.15.3 
 
 
 15.15.6 
 
 1 Deo 
 
 
 1.7.4 
 
 
412 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 regidati77ff stvit-aies Txeccssar J, and in January, 1779, diTided Ihe tLlrteen 
 States into two districts, advising tliat a convention Ibe held in each, to fix 
 and regulate tlie prices of tlie common articles of living. A convention 
 for the northern district' was held at Is'ew Haven, who formed a plan for 
 regulating prices and preventing extortion. This plan was adopted by 
 most of the States composing the district. The legislature of Massachu- 
 setts approved of it, and passed a law on the subject, and on the 12th of 
 April a meeting was called " To see if the Town will choose one or more 
 Persons as a Committee to prevent monopoly & Fore Stalling agreeable to 
 a late Eesolve of the General Court." 
 
 The town voted to choose a committee of three persons for the above 
 purpose, and the following were so chosen : — Caj)tain Nathaniel Marsh, 
 Joseph Bradley, and Captain John Mullaken. 
 
 In May, two meetings were held to consider the subject of a State Con- 
 stitution. The record is so brief, that we copy it entire : — 
 
 "At a legal Town Meeting, held in Haverhill on Tuesday the 18th Day 
 of May, 1779, warned by the Constable by Virtue of a Warrant recieved 
 from the Select Men. 
 
 Doctr James Brickett was chosen Moderator. 
 
 " The two following Particulars are the Articles contained in the War- 
 rant, 
 
 Viz. 1st. To see whether the Town Chuses at this Time to have a new 
 Constitution, or Form of Government made. 
 
 2d. To see whether the Town will impower their Representative for 
 the next year, to vote for the calling a State Convention, for the Sole 
 Purpose of forming a new Constitution; Provided it shall appear, on 
 Examination, that a major Part of the People present, and voting, shall 
 have answered the first article in the Affirmative. 
 
 "After some Time being spent in debating on the preceeding Articles, 
 
 the Moderator tried a Vote on the first Article, & in order to ascertain 
 
 the Number voting each Way, the House was divided, and the Numbers 
 
 were equal, viz, Forty one for having a new Constitution, or Form of 
 
 i Government, and Forty one against it. 
 
 The Moderator dismissed the meeting." 
 
 " 1779. May 31. 
 
 The Select Men called another Meeting of the Inhabitants qualified 
 by Law to vote for Piepresentatives, for the same Purpose of the last 
 Meeting. Mr Isaac Osgood was chosen Moderator. The Votes were, 
 Thirty five for having a new Constitution or Form of Government ; and 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 413 
 
 Sixty one against having it made at present. On Motion made whether 
 the Town would give Instructions to their Eepresentative about this Affair, 
 it was voted in the Negative. 
 
 The Meeting was dismissed by the Moderator." 
 July 12th, a meeting was warned, 
 
 " 1st. — To see if the Town will adopt a Plan similar to that proposed 
 by the Town of Boston for appreciating the Continental Currency, and 
 
 2d. — To see if the town will approve of the Committee of Correspon- 
 dence, Inspection & Safety of this Town in sending one of their Number 
 to meet a Convention of the several Committees of this State at Concord 
 on the 14th of this Instant for the Purpose expressed in their Letter from 
 the Committee of Boston." 
 
 Upon both of the articles, an affirmative vote was passed. The Con- 
 vention at Concord was attended by deputies from more than three-fourths 
 of the towns in the State. Prices were fixed for all the products of the 
 country, and those who had articles of foreign growth or manufacture to 
 dispose of, were requested to have reasonable prices stated for the same. 
 
 Notwithstanding this town voted not to have a new consitution, a major- 
 ity of the towns decided otherwise, and precepts were issued for a 
 Convention at Cambridge in September. 
 August 5th, a meeting was held, — 
 
 " 1st. — To see if the Town will chuse one or more Delegates to meet in 
 Convention at Cambridge on the first Day of September next for the sole 
 Purpose of framing a new Constitution for the Massachusetts State : 
 
 " 2d. — To see if the Town will consider of the Doings of the Conven- 
 tion which met at Concord the 14th Day of July last, & adopt a Plan 
 proposed by said Convention for putting a Stop to the late growing evils 
 amongst us : 
 
 "3d. — To see whether the Town will chuse one or more Members to meet 
 in Convention at Concord on the first Wednesday in October next as 
 recommended in a Eesolve of the late Convention held at that Place : 
 " The Town being met Isaac Ptedington was chosen Moderator. 
 " 1st. Thehonbl Nathl Peaslee Sargeant Esqr was chosen a Delegate 
 to meet at Cambridge on the first Day of September next, for the sole 
 Purpose of Framing a Constitution. 
 
 "The 2d Article was voted in the Affirmative; and a Committee of 
 Fourteen Men was chosen to see that the Eecommendation of the Conven- 
 tion is complyd with as expressed in the 4th & 5th Eesolves of said 
 Convention. The following are the Persons chose for a Committee, viz 
 Doctr Brickett, James Chase, Capt Timo Johnson, Aaron Carleton, Lieut 
 
414 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 Israel Bartlet, Capt Samuel Merrrill, Antliony Chase, Jona Kimball, Capt 
 Nat Marsh, Capt Timo Eaton, Nat Walker, Deacon Benja Clements, Jno 
 Sawyer. Mr Jno "White Marcht. 
 
 " 3d The Town made Choice of Doctr James Brickett a Delegate to 
 meet the Convention at Concord the 1st Wednesday in October next." 
 At a town meeting, held September 7, 1779, it was 
 " Voted to accept of the Doings of the Convention of Delegates that 
 met at Ipswych Aug 20, 1779 ; also of the Doings of the Committee of 
 this Town chosen August 5th 1779."- 
 
 September 17th, the General Court ordered out four hundred of the 
 militia to repair and man the forts in Boston Harbor, as reports had 
 been received of an intended attack by the British. This town furnished 
 eio-ht men,- who served one month and ten days, viz : — 
 Corp Joel Heriman, Amos Currier, Moses Moody, 
 
 Frances Dinsmorc, Levi Hastings, Trueworthy Herriman. 
 
 Huo'h Pike, Justin George, 
 
 In October, the town was called on for nineteen men, to re-inforce the 
 army in New York. They all marched before the month expired. The 
 town paid them three hundred and ninety-nine pounds as bounty and mile- 
 age. 
 
 The expenses of the town this year may well be considered enormous, 
 when we state that six thousand pounds were raised to defray them. To 
 meet these large charges, the town was almost daily obliged to borrow 
 money, as may be seen from the following: — 
 
 "Account of Persons to whom the Town is indebted for Money bor- 
 rowed of 'em " : — 
 
 1779. 1779 
 
 July 2d Capt Timo Johnson 
 1 7 Capt Danl Johnson 
 Auw 20 Deacn Joseph Kelly 
 Gideon George, 
 21 Israel Bartlett 
 23 Nathl Clarke 
 Piichd Kimball 
 Capt Jo Eaton 
 Nat Eaton 
 Aaron Carlton 
 Itharcar Emerson 
 Daniel Appleton 
 Edwd Baker 
 Nathl Soley 
 Capt Nat ilarsb 
 Capt Timo Johnson 
 
 o The Ipswich Convention was in relation to "regulating prices ; " as was also the doings of the com- 
 mittes above alluded to. 
 
 £900 Sept 7 John Gross 
 
 £150 
 
 26 27 Joseph Silver 
 
 42 
 
 45 Zebadiah Silver 
 
 42 
 
 30 Capt Timo Johnson 
 
 180 
 
 90 Oct 12 Gideon George 
 
 210 
 
 24 Oct 13 Edwd Ordway 
 
 203 4 
 
 SO Widow Prudence Carle 
 
 
 30 ton 
 
 60 
 
 30 Deacn Ezra Chase 
 
 GO 
 
 60 19 Sarah Levett 
 
 36 
 
 48 Nov 6 Moses Simmons 
 
 90 
 
 150 Peter Whittakcr 
 
 SO 
 
 45 8 Ithamar Emerson 
 
 120 
 
 GO Daniel Nickols Jun 
 
 147 
 
 SO 13 Gideon George 
 
 120 
 
 90 
 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 415 
 
 1780 16 Benj Ordway £120 
 
 J au 12 Xebemi Simmons £26 Mar 1 Nat Walker .100 
 
 Sarah Simmons SO 9 "Willm Sawyer 45 
 
 26 Capt Daniel Johnson 120 Apl 4 Benj a Ordway 72 
 
 Feb 1 Willm Sawyer 52.10 May 2 Edwd Ordway 173 
 
 2 Capt Daniel Johnson 135 
 
 AYillm Sawyer 19 Total £4070.14 
 
 November 3d, 1779, a town meeting was called, principally 
 
 " To see if the Town will approve of and adopt the Proceedings of the 
 Convention begun and held at Concord on the 5 th of Oct last, & enter 
 into such further Resolves & Regulations as the Town may think proper 
 for the more cffectualy carrying the same into EiFect." 
 
 It was " voted to accept of the Proceedings of the Convention met at 
 Concord, that have been published, and Chuse a Committee of Ten Men 
 to affix the Prices which Merchandize & Country Produce are to be sold 
 at, in this Town. The committee consists of the following Persons, viz : 
 General Bricket, Capt Timo Eaton, Capt Timo Johnson, Aaron Carlton, 
 Lieut Israel Bartlet, Capt Samuel Merrill, James Pike, Willm Johnson, 
 Thomas West, & Bailey Bartlet." 
 
 The meeting then adjourned to the 15th of the same month, at -which 
 time it was voted to " approve the Eesolves and address of the Convention 
 held at Concord in October last; " and "the Proceedings of the Commit- 
 tee of this Town, chosen at the last Meeting were also read, & accepted, 
 by a Vote of the Town ; & a Committee of Five Men were chosen to see 
 them put in Execution, & complied with. This Committee consisted of 
 the following Persons, viz : Capt John Mullaken, Capt David Eemick, Mr 
 Thomas West, Capt Joseph Eaton, Capt Samuel Merrill." 
 
 " Voted, That this Committee be directed to enquire into the Proceedings 
 of the Neighboring Towns, respecting this Business, & make report at the 
 adjournment of this meeting." 
 
 The meeting then adjourned to the 22d instant, at which time it was 
 merely opened and again adjourned. December Gth, 
 
 " The Moderator and the Town Clerk met at the Meeting-House at the 
 Time the Meeting was adjourned to, & waited about an Hour, when no 
 other Person attended, the Moderator dissolved the ]\Ieeting." 
 
 A partial and temporary relief was afforded the people by these repeated 
 efforts to regulate the price of commodities, but no permanent or general 
 good was effected. 
 
 Heavy as had been the burdens of the town thus far during the war, 
 they were in nowise lighter the year following. Taxes were multiplied 
 upon its inhabitants, until they were almost crushed beneath the load. 
 The town's proportion of the tax laid by Congress, March 8th, was thirty- 
 
416 
 
 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 eight thousand eight hundred and seventy-six pounds. Ten days after, 
 Congress laid another, the town's proportion of which was thirty-nine 
 thousand two hundred pounds. In July, a tax was laid to redeem a part 
 of the continental bills, &c,, and this town was assessed five hundred and 
 four pounds, hard money S' In Septemher, the town was called on to sup- 
 ply sixteen thousand eight hundred pounds of beef, and they promptly 
 chose a committee to purchase it. 
 
 Lafayette having returned from France, with the promise that another 
 fleet and several thousand troops, were to be immediately sent to the aid 
 of America, -Washington desired to make more efficient eff"orts the coming 
 campaign, and called on Massachusetts for four thousand men to re-inforce 
 the. army for six months. They were readily granted. The following 
 were furnished by this town : — 
 
 "Pay Eoll for the Six Months men Belonging to the Town of Haver- 
 hill 1780." 
 
 Sartle Elexander. . 
 Daniel Abbot. . . . 
 
 Noah Bailey 
 
 Eichard Baker. . . 
 John Browning. . . 
 William Beeard . . , 
 Silas Chamberlain. 
 Samuel Foster . . . . 
 
 Enoch Heath 
 
 Levi Hastings . . . , 
 Joseph Herrimon. , 
 
 Joshua Jones 
 
 Daniel Lord 
 
 James Laferty. . . . . 
 
 John Mooers 
 
 Samuel Merrill. . , 
 Barthol Massey. . . 
 
 Samuel Pell 
 
 James Springer. . . 
 James Scammons. , 
 Samuel Sargeant. . 
 Thomas Sargeant. 
 
 Nathan Sola 
 
 James Eeed 
 
 Samuel Truel. . . . 
 
 When 
 Marched 
 
 When Discharged 
 
 June 29 th 
 
 Dec 10, 1780 
 
 Sept 26 
 June 29 
 
 Apl3, 1781 
 Dec 13 
 
 Sept 26 
 " 26 
 
 Peby 9 
 Feb 9 
 
 June 29 
 
 Dec 23 
 
 Sep 26 
 June 29 
 
 Mar 5 
 Dec 16 
 
 " 29 
 
 " 6 
 
 " 29 
 
 " 20 
 
 " 29 
 
 « 18 
 
 Sep 26 
 June 29 
 
 " 28 
 - 6 
 
 Sep 26 
 June 29 
 
 Apl 19 
 Dec 15 
 
 " 29 
 
 " 8 
 
 Sep 26 
 June 29 
 
 " 29 
 
 " 30 
 
 " 29 
 
 " 15 
 
 " 29 
 
 " 10 
 
 •' 29 
 
 " 13 
 
 " 29 
 
 " 13 
 
 " 29 
 
 " 8 
 
 Sep 26 
 " 26 
 
 Feb 9 
 " 9 
 
 « The debt of Massachusetts, exclusive of its quota of the continental arrears, was at this time five 
 million dollars, hard money ; while the assessed value of all the property ifi the State was only eleven 
 millions. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 417 
 
 Within a month after, a call was made for four thousand seven hundred 
 of the militia, for three months. This town's proportion was forty-seven.'-' 
 A large number of the soldiers having about completed their term of inlist- 
 ment, Massachusetts was called on in December for four thousand two 
 hundred men to serve during the war. This town's proportion was twenty- 
 eight. A meeting was called, and a hard money tax of fifteen hundred 
 pounds was voted to pay for the same. At an adjourned meeting, the 
 captains of the companies of militia were made a committee to procure the 
 twenty-eight soldiers required of the town ; and Judge Sargeant, Isaac 
 Eeddington, Captain Timothy Eaton, Samuel Ayer, Jr., and Captain 
 Joseph Eaton, were added to the committee, " to devise ways & means to 
 pay the soldiers." It was then 
 
 '" Voted, That the Town Treasury be open to those Committees, & that 
 the Town Treasurer be ordered to pay them %ch.at Money they may call on 
 him for, they being accountable for the Expenditure of said Money." 
 
 Subsequently, the town adopted the "Class" plan, recommended by the 
 General Court, in raising the men. By this plan, the inhabitants of each 
 town were divided into as many equal portions or classes as there were 
 men to be raised, and each class was obliged to furnish one man. 
 
 From the official returns of the several towns, we find that the twenty- 
 eight men were duly raised, and " marched." 
 
 Besides men, and money, and beef, the town was also called upon to fur- 
 nish clothing for the arm3^ In January, 1780, they forwarded thirty-one 
 blankets ; and in April, they were assessed for fifty-eight pairs of shoes, 
 stockings, and shirts, and twenty-nine blankets. By the returns we find 
 that the whole were sent previous to November 11th. 
 
 This was but a small part of the clothing furnished in December and 
 January. From the returns of Jonathan Ayer, constable, we give the 
 names of the persons of whom he collected in December : — 
 
 " Phillip Haseltine, 3 blankets ; Joseph Emerson, 2 do ; Joshua Emery, 
 1 do ; Capt Timothy Eatton 1 do ; Ebenezer Baley 1 do ; John Smith Jr 
 
 1 do ; Lieut Baley, 4 shurts ; Ebenr Baley 2 do ; Amos Baley 2 do, and 
 
 2 pr stockins ; Wid Lydia Haseltine, 3 shurts, & 4 pr stockins ; Moses 
 Haseltine 3 shurts ; Lieut Jona Webster 4 do ; Wid Euth Haseltine 2 do ; 
 John Kezer 4 do ; Moses Swaze 2 do, & 7 pr shoes ; James Webster 1 pr 
 stockins ; Lieut David Bradley 24 pr Shoes ; John Marble 10 yards cloth." 
 
 ^ One of these was Daniel Bradley. Bradley was present., and on guard duty, when Major Andre was 
 brought into camp a prisoner. He was the first butcher who regularly attemled Haverhill market. He 
 died September 20th, 1854, in the 9-lth year of his age. Among the soldiers hired by the town this year, 
 were Samuel Campbell and John Cox, who, it appears, were " taken up for stealing," and tried before Sam- 
 uel White, Esq., and the town paid the costs in their cases, on condition that they enlisted ! 
 
 53 
 
418 
 
 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL, 
 
 Among the old papers of the town, we found the original subscription 
 "book of the person employed by the town to collect clothing at different 
 times ; and believing that the list of names will be read with interest, we 
 cop}"" them-'= : — 
 
 Names 
 
 WidEuth Sanders.., 
 Samuel Bradbury . . . . 
 
 Amos Eaton , 
 
 Ebenezer Webster. . . 
 
 Micha Emerson 
 
 Kuth Emerson 
 
 John Emerson 
 
 Peter Emerson 
 
 Joseph Emerson , 
 
 Jeremiah Emerson. . . 
 
 John Page 
 
 Joshue Emery 
 
 Wid Abigal Webster. 
 Eicherd Kimball .... 
 
 Abigail Marsh 
 
 peter Johnson 
 
 John Ealey 
 
 Elias Johnson 
 
 Seth Johnson 
 
 James pike 
 
 Ephreum Eobinson. . . 
 
 Ebenzer Bayley 
 
 Amos Baley 
 
 Eichard Baley 
 
 Jeremiah Baley 
 
 Samuel Merrill 
 
 William Ladd 
 
 Benjen Baley 
 
 John Emerson Jun. . 
 
 Ammi Haynes 
 
 Anthony Chase , 
 
 James Chase , 
 
 William Bradley. . . . , 
 
 Names 
 
 John Swd Corles 
 
 Capt Joseph Eaton . . . 
 
 Nathl Clarck 
 
 Benja Ordway 
 
 Capt Timothy Johnson 
 
 Widow Heseltine 
 
 Jacob Ela 
 
 Capt Daniel hills 
 
 John Downer 
 
 Moses Swesey 
 
 Josiah Emerson 
 
 Jeremiah Heseltine. . . 
 Jonathan Bradley .... 
 
 Davide Bradley 
 
 Samuel Aycr . ....... 
 
 Ilsaac Snow 
 
 Mary Bradley 
 
 I Joseph Greelay 
 
 jFolensbee Noise 
 
 John Sd George 
 
 the Town 
 
 Lieut Stephen Webster 
 
 i Widow Dusten 
 
 Aron Carlton 
 
 Lieut David Bradley 
 
 [Jonathan Baker 
 
 Benja Baker 
 
 Mary Bradley 
 
 Davide Marsh , 
 
 William Bradley ... 
 Nehemiah Emerson. 
 Joel Hereman , 
 
 30 
 
 10 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 10 
 9 
 
 o We copy the names as we find them — in groups, 
 a separate subscription. 
 
 Each of these groups, or lists, seems to have been 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 419 
 
 Mens Names 
 
 "William Greenleaf. . ., 
 Lef Stephen Webster. 
 
 Seth Johnson 
 
 Elias Johnson 
 
 Ben Ordway 
 
 Sam White Esq 
 
 Maverick Johnson . . . . 
 
 Ebenr Gage 
 
 Abel Page 
 
 ■John Williams 
 
 Mr David Mash 
 
 t. 
 
 S 
 
 u " 
 
 
 
 
 at 
 
 cc 
 
 za 
 
 1 
 
 1 pr 
 
 
 2 
 
 
 1 pr 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 
 2 
 1 
 
 
 5 
 
 9 
 
 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 8 
 
 1 
 
 
 8 
 
 1 
 
 Persons Names 
 
 Mr Ennuck Mash .... 
 
 Phineas Carleton 
 
 Abarm Sweet 
 
 Daniel Hill 
 
 James Bricket Esq . . . 
 John Cogwell Jur .... 
 
 Aaron Calton 
 
 James Heseltine 
 
 Dea Thomas AVebster. 
 
 John Smith Jun I 1 
 
 iWillEdards I 2 
 
 " East parish things delivered 
 
 Names 
 
 Dea Ezra Chase .... 
 
 James Pike 
 
 Antony Chase 
 
 Euben Currier 
 
 Job Tyler 
 
 Amos George 
 
 Ephraim Ellet 
 
 Daniel Appleton . . . 
 
 John Hastings 
 
 Amos Bayley 
 
 Enouck Heriman . . . 
 Jerimiah Heselton. . 
 
 Luas Bayley 
 
 Ephrim Eobison. . . . 
 
 Ebenr Bayley 
 
 Walker Smith 
 
 John Ealey 
 
 Peter Emerson 
 
 Ebenr Mitchel 
 
 John Swd Corles . . . 
 
 John Mitchel 
 
 Lieut Croel 
 
 Moses Webster Jun 
 
 Jeremi Baley 
 
 Capt Sam Merril . . . 
 Jonn Emerson Jun. . 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 1 
 2 
 2 
 2 
 1 
 1 
 1 
 1 
 10 
 
 Names 
 
 Perley Ayers 
 
 Daved Webster .... 
 
 William Ladd 
 
 Capt Timothy Eaton 
 Mr Joshua Emory . . 
 
 James Chase 
 
 Amos Page 
 
 Capt Joseph Eaton . 
 Ithamer Bradley . . . 
 Jeremiah Emerson . . 
 Joseph Emerson. . . . 
 
 Dudly Tyler 
 
 Thomas West 
 
 John Sawyer. . . .. . 
 
 James Webster . . . . 
 
 Isaac Snow 
 
 Jona Baker 
 
 Benjamin Baker. . . . 
 
 Nathan Ayer 
 
 John Patty 
 
 Moses Ayer 
 
 Obidiah Ayer 
 
 Sam Walker 
 
 Joal Herimn 
 
 Jacob Eala 
 
 John Eala. ....... 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 OQ 
 
 IS 
 
 DE2 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 
 2 
 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 
 1 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 
 8 
 
 5 
 2 
 2 
 4 
 
 9 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 o 
 
 
 2 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
420 
 
 HISTORY OF SAVEEHILL^ 
 
 " October ye 4tli, 1779"- 
 
 Names 
 
 Amos Eaton 
 
 Elias Johnson 
 
 Seth Johnson 
 
 Peter Johnson ..... 
 Capt Timothy Johnson 
 
 John Davis 
 
 Hannah Hunkins. . . 
 Samuel Sarnders. . . . 
 
 Elias Sergent 
 
 Joseph Greeley 
 
 Jacob Elee 
 
 Wid Kiith Sarnders.. 
 
 Samuel Page 
 
 Capt Daniel Johnson. 
 Abigal Sarnders .... 
 Ephraim Eobeson. . . 
 
 Ruth Sheperd 
 
 Joel Herriman 
 
 Jerh Haseltine 
 
 3 19 
 
 Names 
 
 Lues Baley 
 
 Ebenr Baley 
 
 Amas Baley 
 
 David marsh 
 
 Wm Bradlay 
 
 Gen Brickit , . . . 
 
 Lieut Bartlet 
 
 Nem Emerson 
 
 Wid Lydia Haseltine . 
 
 Saml Haseltine 
 
 ' Jona Webster 
 
 Piuth Haseltine 
 
 John Kezar 
 
 Enoch Marsh 
 
 Moses Swazey 
 
 Lt David Tiradley 
 
 Aaron Carlton 
 
 Eicherd Haseltine . . . . 
 James Webster 
 
 13 
 
 7 
 24 
 
 State Tax £119.50.5 
 " '' 127.94.9 
 " " 89.89.1^ 
 54.49.5 
 
 The expenses of the town in the year 1780, were indeed enormous, as 
 
 may be seen by their tax for that year : — 
 
 Eirst Parish, Town Tax £185.15.12 
 
 West " " " 198.09.G 
 
 East " " " 139.24.2 
 
 North " " " 84.43.19 
 
 The total State tax of the town was £18040.0.0, and its County tax 
 
 was £224.1.0. The reader will of course remember that these amounts- 
 
 - are reckoned in the continental currency, which was at a large discount at 
 
 this time. But, notwithstanding this, the amount was still very large, and 
 
 the inhabitants were compelled to make extraordinary exertions, and heavy 
 
 sacrifices to raise the money. The town treasurer was paid for over nine 
 
 days time in hiring money in the month of October alone. 
 
 The Committee of Correspondence and Safety for this year, were : — 
 General Brickett, Captain Samuel Merrill, James Pike, William Johnson,. 
 John Sawyer, Captain Timothy Eaton, and John Ela. 
 
 In addition to the matters already noticed, the town was again called 
 upon to consider the subject of a new Constitution for the State. The- 
 
 o This being the date affixed to the last list of names in the book, would seem to prove all the others of 
 an earlier date. A receipt in the book, dated May 5, 1778, makes it almost certain that such was the fact 
 
HISTORY OF HAVEEHILL. ' 421 
 
 convention ca;lled for that parpose, in September, 1779, appointed a com- 
 mittee to prepare a draft, and then adjourned to the next January, when 
 they again met and agreed upon a Constitution. This was published and 
 sent to the towns for their approval, or rejection. 
 
 May 2d, a meeting of this town was called, to see if they would "ap- 
 prove of the Form of Government for the State of Massachusetts Bay, as 
 agreed upon by their Delegates in a Convention lately held at Cambridge." 
 General James Brickett was chosen Moderator, who " publicly read the 
 new form of Government as published by the Convention ; and also num- 
 bered the voters in the meeting, and declared them to be one hundred and 
 nineteen." 
 
 The votes were taken upon each article separately. Articles I. and II. 
 in the Bill of Eights were unanimously agreed to ; but the third " was a 
 subject of considerable debate," and the meeting finally adjourned to the 
 next Monday, without taking a vote upon it.''"= , 
 
 At the adjourned meeting. May 8, there were one hundred and seventy- 
 five voters present. The debate upon Article III. was resumed, and 
 continued for some time, when it was voted to pass over the Article for 
 one hour. Articles IV to XX, inclusive, were unanimously agreed to, 
 (except Article X, which passed one hundred and four to twenty-six) when 
 the meeting again took up the third Article. 
 
 ° The following is the Article alluded to : — 
 
 Art. III. As the happiness of a people, and the good order and preservation of civil government, 
 essentially depend upon piety, religion and morality ; and as these cannot be generally diffused through a 
 community, but by the institution of the public worship of GOD, and of public instructions in piety, reli- 
 gion and morality; therefore, to promote their happiness, and to secure the good order and preservation 
 of their government, the people of this Commonwealth have a right l.o invest their legislature with power 
 to authorize and require, and the legislature shall, from time to time, authorize and require, the several 
 towns, parishe-, precincts, and other bodies politic, or religious societies, to make suitable provision, at 
 their own expense, for the institution of the public worship of GOD, and for the support and maintenance 
 of public Protestant teachers of piety, religion and morality, in all cases where such provision shall not be 
 made voluntarily. 
 
 And the people of this Commonwealth have also a right to, and do, invest their legislature with author- 
 ity to enjoin upon all the subjects an attendance upon the instructions of the public teachers aforesaid, at 
 stated times and seasons, if there be any on whose instructions they can conscientiously and conveniently 
 attend. 
 
 Provided, notwithstanding, that the several towns, parishes, precincts, and other bodies politic, or reli- 
 gious societies, shall, at all times, have the exclusive right of electing their public teachers, and of con- 
 tracting with them for their support and maintenance. 
 
 And all moneys paid by the subject to the support of public worship, and of the public teachers afore- 
 said, shall, if he require it, be uniformly applied to the support of the public teacher or teachers of his own 
 religious sect or denomination, provided there be any on whose instructions he attends ; otherwise it may 
 he paid towards the support of the teacher or teachers of the parish or precinct in which the said moneys 
 are r.aised. 
 
 And every denomination of Christians, demeaning themselves peaceably, and as good subjects of the 
 Commonwealth, shall be equally under the protection of the law ; and no subordination of any one sect 
 or denomination to another shall ever be established by law. 
 
422 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 The Eecorder informs us that this " was a subject of much Altercation* 
 and considerable Time was spent in arguing upon it. The following vote 
 was passed, viz: 91 voted to have it stand as it was published by the 
 Convention ; & 85 voted for an Amendment. This last Vote was recon- 
 sidered by a Majority of G4, & on a second Tryal there were but 40 for 
 the Article, & 104 against it. A Division then took place in this last 
 Number, concerning the alteration & Amendment. Two Plans were pro- 
 posed ; one by the Honble Nat. P Sargeant Esqr ; & the other by the 
 Eevd Mr Hezekiah Smith. A vote was tried on each of their Amendments ; 
 & there were 79 in favor of the former, & 66 for the latter." 
 
 At this stage of the proceedings, the meeting was adjourned until the 
 next day, in ordei", doubtless, that some compromise or plan might be pre- 
 sented that would secure a majority vote. 
 
 At the next meeting sixty-six voters were present. Commencing at 
 Article 21, the remaining portion of the Bill of Eights was unanimously 
 agreed to, — except Article 28th, which had one negative, and the 29th, 
 on which the vote was a tie. 
 
 The moderator then proceeded to lay before the town " the Frame of 
 Government," which was agreed to almost unanimously (except Article 2d, 
 Chapter 1st, on which the vote was a tie) as far as Article 14th of Chap- 
 ter 2d, when the meeting adjourned to the 22d inst. 
 
 At the adjourned meeting the remaining portions of the Constitution 
 were agreed to, (the most of the sections unanimously) except Chapter 
 6th, which was amended by adding the word " Protestant " to the word 
 " Christian." 
 
 General Brickett was chosen a delegate to the next Convention ; and 
 the next Thursday (25th inst.) was fixed upon as the time to resume the 
 consideration of the third Article in the Bill of Eights. 
 
 At the adjournment, the first vote passed was, " to re-consider all that has 
 been acted on, respecting the 3d Article in the Bill of Eights." It being 
 then moved to ascertain by a vote how many were in favor of the Article, 
 it appeared that 85 were in favor, and 69 against it. The Eev. Mr. Smith 
 then offered an amendment,'-' which was agreed to ; and the following vote 
 was passed : — 
 
 " Tho' the Town have tho't fit to propose to the Convention some Alter- 
 ations and Amendments in some of the Articles in the Form of Govern- 
 ment they have made for the Common Wealth of Massachusetts, are, 
 notwithstanding of Opinion, & do consent, that the Whole of said Form, 
 
 * What his amendment was, the record does not inform us. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 423 
 
 as puHisted by the Convention, "be established, rather than the same 
 should be returned to the People for farther Eevision ; which will prevent 
 its taking place, & being established so soon as we wish to have it." 
 
 This town was not alone in objections to the Third Article of the 
 Constitution, Objections were made in all quarters, and the subject was 
 thoroughly discussed, both in public and private. Says Bradford, " The 
 Baptists were the most inclined to complain, for the teachers of Pieligion 
 were generally of the Congregational order." They considered it oppressive, 
 and inconsistent with their rights, that those who had belonged to other 
 Churches, and were desirous of joining a Baptist Church, should be sub- 
 jected to the inconvenience of applying for license so to do. 
 
 The Constitution having been agreed to by a large majority of the towns 
 in the Commonwealth, Monday, the fourth day of September was assigned 
 for the election, by the people, of a Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Coun- 
 cillors, and Senators, under the new Constitution. This being our first 
 election under a State Constitution, and the inauguration of a new era in 
 our local government, the following extracts from our town records of that 
 date are of more than ordinary interest : — =■■= 
 
 " The Select Menf presided at this Meeting, who, with the Town Clerk, 
 received the Votes, sorted, and numbered them. The Votes for Governor 
 were. Forty Seven for the Hon'ble John Hancock Esq ; and Forty one for 
 the Hon'ble James Bowdoin Esq. For a Lieut Governor, the Votes were, 
 Twenty six for the Hon. Jno Hancock Esq ; Twenty two for the Hon 
 Thomas Cushing ; Ten for the Hon James Bowdoin Esq ; & Two for 
 Tristram Dalton Esq." Sixteen persons received votes for " Councillor 
 Senators." 
 
 Although hostilities had been for some time transferred to a distance 
 from the State, yet Massachusetts was by no means relieved from frequent 
 and heavy requisitions for men and materials to carry on the war. In Decem- 
 ber, 1780, the General Court called on the towns for a fresh supply of 
 beef for the army. The amount assessed on this town was thirty-two 
 thousand, two hundred and fifty-six pounds ! Large as was the quantity, the 
 town promptly voted to raise it, and laid a tax of £48,384 to pay for it. 
 Hardly had the town time to collect and forward their quota of beef, when 
 (June 22, 1781) they were called on for thirteen thousand, three hundred 
 and fourteen pounds more ! At the same time they were assessed for 
 
 ° The warrants for the town meetings at this time run as follows : — " These are to notify and warn 
 the Freeholders and other Inhabitants of the Town of Haverhill, of 21 years old & upwards, having a Free- 
 hold Estate within this State of the annual Income of Three Pounds, or any estate to the value of Sixty 
 Pounds sterling, to meet," &e. 
 
 t Previous to this time, the meetings were invariably presided over by a Moderator. 
 
424 HISTOEY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 fifty-six shirts ; the same number of pairs of shoes and stockings ; and 
 twenty-eight blankets. These were all raised and forwarded before the 
 middle of November. 
 
 July 3d, the town was called on for four men for the Ehode Island 
 service, and they were raised. In their warrant for the meeting to attend 
 to the above, the selectmen say " and as there is a Necessity of their 
 being marched immediately, it is hoped the good Inhabitants of this town 
 will generally attend, and use their utmost endeavors in procuring said 
 men."'-' 
 
 The effective aid of the French, in men and money, in 1781, threw a 
 bright glow over our military and financial operations, and helped to crown 
 our arms with brilliant success, both on sea and land. Early in 1782, the 
 English government, wearied with the fruitless and desperate seven years 
 struggle, and hopeless of success, began to think seriously of overtures of 
 peace. The preliminary motion was made in Parliament February 27th, 
 and five days later it passed. The preliminary articles were signed at 
 Paris in the following November, and in September, 1783, the treaty rwas 
 signed at the same place. 
 
 Thus the war of the revolution was happily ended. The Colonies were 
 wrested from the grasp of England, and American Independence was 
 acknowledged and established. It was indeed " glad tidings " to Ameri- 
 ca that peace was declared. Every countenance was radiant with smiles ; 
 and the proclamation, when read, was hailed with ttrmultuous cheers. 
 Bells were rung ; cannon fired ; bonfires lighted ; and, in the evening, 
 houses were brilliantly illuminated. All were inspired with new life, and, 
 looking to Heaven with grateful emotions, poured out their offerings of 
 gratitude to God ! 
 
 In looking back over the long and severe struggle, and considering how 
 heavy was the burden upon the towns, especially of Massachusetts, it is 
 with no small degree of pride that we find upon the official record the fact, 
 that, upon the final settlement, Haverhill was deficient one man only, in 
 all the drafts that had been made upon it ! We can, without exaggeration, 
 
 c In Captain Nehemiali Emerson's company, in the lOtli Massachusetts Eegiment, in 1781-2 were the 
 following from Haverhill : — 
 
 Thomas Page, enlisted March 18, 1781, for 3 years 
 Parker Page, " " 19, " " 
 
 Nathaniel Clark, " '• 14, " " 
 
 Thomas Page and Nathaniel Clark were only about fifteen years old when they enlisted. They were 
 taken into his company by Captain Emerson, at their own urgent solicitation, and with the consent of 
 their parents, as his musicians, Page being drummer and Clark fifer. It is said that their youthful ap- 
 pearance and skilful execution attracted the attention of Washington, who enquired of their Captam in 
 regard to them, and drew from him the compliment (of which they were ever after proud) " they are 
 pretty boys." They remained with Captain Emerson until the close of the war. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 425 
 
 «ay that " there were but few towns, if any, which made greater exertions 
 to forward the cause of freedom than this ; no effort was spared ; no sac^ 
 rifice was thought too. great. The courage of the inhabitants never flagged, 
 even at the darkest period; ' they had nailed the flag to the mast,' to use 
 the expressiofi of a veteran of that period, ' and they determined to see it 
 wave in the winds of freedom, or fall nobly fighting.' They were willing 
 to spend their treasures and shed their blood ; and when there was scarcely 
 room to hope, the votes which were passed in their town-meetings, show a 
 spirit of coolness, determination and patriotism which is truly astonish- 
 ing ; — they evinced a chivalry far nobler than that of olden time ; they 
 were actuated by a principle from which death only could separate 
 them."'-' 
 
 • Mirick. 
 
 54 
 
42& . HISTOKT OF HAVEEHILIj 
 
 CHAPTEK XXIIL 
 
 1765 TO 1790. 
 
 During the period covered by tlie preceding chapter, the inhabitants of 
 this town were so completely absorbed in the great work of American 
 Liberty, that but little time or attention was given, or indeed could have 
 been given, to anything else. We find, therefore, but few things to note 
 during this time, except those relating to the great struggle, and which we 
 have already considered in the above chapter. But these few matters will 
 now find place, before we take up the history of the town under the broad 
 and peaceful banner of American Independence and Ameiican Union, 
 
 The items of the valuation of the town, as taken in 17G7, seem so well 
 worth an insertion in this place, that we copy the return in full : — 
 •• Valuation of Haverhill, 17G7. 
 
 478 Polls ratable, 27 Polls not ratable. 
 281 Dwelling Houses at £5 each. £1405 
 
 44 Work Houses 403 each 88 
 
 2 Distill Houses £23 each 46 
 
 3 Warehouses 80s „ 12 
 3320 superficial feet wharf a 30s per 1000 feet 4.19.5 
 
 1^ Mills £G each 114 
 
 10 Servts for life a 40s each 20 
 
 £4768.13.2 Trading Stock a 6 pr ct 268.2,4 
 
 242 Tuns of Shiping a 3 pr tun 36.6 
 
 £3855.12.2 Money at Int a 6 p ct 231.6.8| 
 
 186 Horses a 4s 9d 44,3.6 
 
 252 Oxen a 4s 50.8 
 
 716 Cows a 3s 6d 107.8 
 
 1315 Sheep &c a 3d 16.8.9 
 
 59 Swine a 12d 2.19 
 
 1040 Cow Pastures a 1 2s 624 
 
 13765 bushels Grain a 8d 458.16.8 
 
 2736 barrels Cyder a 3s 410.8 
 
 916i Tuns English Hay a 12s 549.18 
 
 945 •• Meadow Hay a 6s 283.10 
 
 £4791.13.41 
 
HISTORY or HAVERHILL. 427 
 
 We presume no grum'bling tax-payer will claim tliat this valuation was 
 too liigli, as five pounds each for dwelling-houses, and forty shillings for a 
 ■" servant," certainly seems low enough. In comparing this list, therefore, 
 with those of a later date, this extremely low valuation should be taken 
 into the account. 
 
 It will be noticed that this valuation list gives fifteen less slaves, than 
 the census of 1764, only three years previous. May not the difference be 
 accounted for by supposing that the other fifteen were either too young or 
 too old to be of any value, as " property ? " 
 
 In 1767, the first powder-house was erected. It was eight feet square, 
 but where it was located we are unable to say. 
 
 February 2 2 J, 1763, a Firs Club was organized in this town, and fire- 
 wardens were chosen. The latter were Cornelius Mansise, Enoch Bartlett, 
 Samuel White, Esq., and Isaac Osgood. 
 
 The object of the Club, was, to assist in extinguishing fires, and " in 
 saving and taking the utmost care of each other's Goods " upon such oc- 
 casions. The number of members was originally limited to twenty-five, 
 each of whom was to provide " two good Bags, of one yard and three 
 quarters in length and three quarters of a yard in breadth, with strings at 
 the mouth ; and two good leather Buckets, '■■■■ =■•' * and keep thorn 
 
 hanging in a convenient place," ready for an emergency. The officers were 
 a Moderator, who was chosen at each meeting, and a Clerk, who was 
 chosen annually. New members were only admitted by unanimous con- 
 sent. The penalty for non-attendance at a fire, was fifty cents. The 
 members had a watch-word, changed at the pleasure of the society, which 
 they were forbidlea to divulge, under a penalty of thirty-four cents for 
 each offence. The number of original members was eighteen, and included 
 the most prominent and respectable citizens in the village. 
 
 Subsequently the Club (or Society) furnished themselves with a number 
 of ladders, which were kept in different parts of the town, ready for emer- 
 gencies ; and added a new feature to their Constitution, the design of 
 which was to protect each other from loss of goods by theft. Their arti- 
 cles provided that half the members should draw tickets at the quarterly 
 meetings, upon which should be inscribed the different roads to be pursued 
 in case of theft ; that those who drew tickets, upon the first information 
 of theft upon the property of any member, should repair to the place 
 where the theft was committed, or to his usual place of abode, and pursue 
 the roads they had drawn, unless the committee of advice should prescribe 
 different routes ; and it was made their duty to use the utmost exertion to 
 apprehend the thieves and recover the stolen property. All extra expenses 
 
428 
 
 HISTORY OF HATERHrLl. 
 
 were paid by the Club. This plan of operations was not only the means^ 
 of recovering much stolen property, but the knowledge of its existence, 
 and of the energy and perseverance with which all its doings were char- 
 acterized, without doubt proved of still greater value by its preventative 
 influence upon the evil disposed. 
 
 The Club further extended their sphere of usefulness, by providing 
 grapples for the recovery of bodies in case of drowning, and which were 
 kept in constant readiness for emergencies. 
 
 For a long series of years, the annual supper of the Fire Club was one 
 .of the great social occasions of the year, and though the active duties of the 
 Club have long since been transferred to the Fire Department of our town» 
 the annual supper is still duly prepared and enjoyed by the surviving 
 members of the Club, and its anniversary bids fair to be held in remem- 
 brance these many years to come. 
 
 The following is a list of the members of the Society, from its organiza- 
 tion, in 1768, to 1822, with the date of admission of each member : — 
 " List of Members of the Fire SocietyJ" 
 
 Eich'd Saltonstall, Esq.Feb 22 ITJS. Nathaniel Marsh, 
 James M'Hard, Esc[. " ~' " 
 
 Enoch Bartlett, 
 John White, jun. 
 Nath. Peaslee Sargeant, 
 James Duncan, 
 Nathaniel Walker, 
 Major Edmund Mooers, 
 John Cogswell, jun. 
 Isaac Osgood, 
 Jonathan Buck, 
 James Brickett, 
 Benjamin Mooers, 
 Jonathan Webster, jun, 
 William Greenleaf, 
 Cornelius Mansise, 
 John Muliiken. 
 David Marsh, jun. 
 Isaac Eedington, 
 Samuel Appleton, 
 Cutting Marsh, 
 Jacob Ayer, 
 Captain John White, 
 
 October, 1774 
 January, 1775 
 
 Phineas Carleton, 
 Daniel D. Eogers, 
 
 Joseph Dodge, " " 
 
 Thomas Cogswell, " " 
 
 Samuel Souther, " " 
 
 Bailey Bartlett, April, 1776 
 
 Nathaniel Sparhawk, Nov., 1777 
 
 Capt. Joseph Cordis, " " 
 
 Moses Parsons, April, 1779 
 
 Thomas Stickney, " " 
 
 John White, jun. ♦' 1780 
 
 2»Ioses Fessenden, " " 
 
 Capt. Benjamin Willis, " " 
 
 Joseph Harrod, " " 
 James Duncan, jun. January, 1781 
 
 Daniel Appleton, " " 
 
 Capt. Simon Mansise, " " 
 
 Timothy Osgood, 
 March 1768 John Wingate, 
 '' " John Sawyer, 
 January, 1769 Jonathan Payson, 
 Samuel White, jun. 
 
 April " 
 January, 1782 
 
 Israel Bartlett, January, 1773 Moses Gale, 
 
 Moses Dow, " " James Walker, 
 
 Dr. Nathaniel Saltonstall " " Ebenezer Gage, 
 James M'Hard, " " Samuel Walker, 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL, 
 
 429 
 
 Eey. Hezekiah Smith, January, 1784 Lcverett Saltonstall, October, 
 Dean Tyler, *' •• Justin Kent, '" " 
 
 Caleb Stark, October, " John Huse, " 
 
 Ebenczcr Greenough, " " Eichard Kimball, " 
 
 Edward Woodbury, " " Eev. William Bachelder, Jan. 
 
 1£06 
 
 John Thaxter, January, 1785 John Varnum, 
 
 Samuel Elodget, July, " Samuel Bartlett, 
 
 William Greenleaf, jun. Oct. " Benjamin Clap, 
 Benjamin Mooers, January, 1786 James Bartlett, 
 David How, . " 1787 Charles White, 
 
 Leonard '\\'hite, October, 1788 John Marsh, 
 
 Nehemiah Emerson, January, 1789 
 Henry West, October, " 
 
 Daniel Brickett,'' " " 
 
 Eev. John Shaw, " " 
 
 Moses Marsh, jun. " 1790 
 
 Jonathan B. Sargeant, " " 
 
 April, 
 October, 
 
 " 1807 
 April, 1808 
 
 Eev. Joshua Dodge, January, 1809 
 April, , " 
 
 AVilliam Cranch, January, 1792 
 
 Moses Atwood, April, " 
 
 John Johnson, July, ** 
 
 Abraham Swett, " " 
 
 Henry Porter, April, 1794 
 Cotton B. Brooks, 
 Benjamin Willis, jun, " " 
 
 Ichabod Tucker, January, 1795 
 
 Eev. Abiel Abbot, July, " 
 
 Ephraim Emery, April, 1796 
 
 Oliver Putnam, October, 1798 
 
 Caleb B. Le Bosquet, " " 
 
 Daniel Swett, April, 1799 
 
 Moses Morse, January, 1800 
 
 Ezekiel Hale, April, 1802 
 
 Dudley Porter, jun. October, " 
 
 Jabez Kimball, January, 1804 
 
 Galen H. Fay, April, " 
 
 Moseo Brickett, January, 1805 
 
 Dudley Porter, sen. April, ~~^'" 
 
 Daniel Haddock, 
 David Bryant, 
 
 Nathaniel Hills, October, " 
 
 Peter Osgood, January. 1810 
 
 Jesse Harding, April, 1811 
 
 Moses Wingate, " " 
 
 James How, July, " 
 
 David How, jun. October, 1812 
 
 James Atwood, " " 
 
 David Marsh, 2d. January, 1813 
 
 Samuel W. Duncan, April, " 
 
 William Greenough, January, 1814 
 Daniel Appleton, jun. " " 
 
 William White, " " 
 
 Phineas Carleton, " " 
 
 John Atwood, " " 
 
 James H. Emerson, October, 1815 
 
 Eufus Longley, " " 
 
 Jonthan K. Smith, April, 1816 
 
 James H. Duncan, January, 1816 
 
 John Woodman, April, 1816 
 
 Isaac E. How, " 1817 
 Eevd George Keeley, Jan. 1819 
 
 Nathan Webster, 
 Stephen Minot, 
 
 Jan. 
 April, 
 
 1822 
 
 The first Fire Engine in this town was purchased in 1769, by a com- 
 pany formed for the purpose. In organizing the company, Cornelius 
 Mansise was chosen Captain, or Chief Director, with fourteen assistants, 
 including under officers. The company were to meet monthly. Those 
 who neglected to attend the annual meeting, in May, one hour before 
 sunset, to clean, fit, and exercise the engine, were to pay a fine of 8d to 
 the Clark and treasurer. Eor absence at fires, the fine was 6s, and when 
 a member wished to leave, he had to pay 3s. When any one did not pay 
 his fines, he was voted out of the company. 
 
430 HISTORY OF HAVEKHILL. 
 
 The first election of officers was held May 16, 1769, -when the following 
 were chosen : — ' Cornelius Mansise, Captain ; David Eemick, James 
 Scammon, John White, Thomas Cogswell, Enoch Marsh, Nath Marsh, 
 Nath Walker Jr, David Bradley, Daniel Greenleaf, James licHard, Israel 
 Bartlett, Bailey Birtlett, Samuel Eames, Phincas Carleton, Assistants ; 
 Nath Walker, Jr, Clark. The Clark was to " warne all sd company, 
 when and ware to meet by a billet." 
 
 August 1st, Wm. Lampson was chosen Lieutenant. September 19th, 
 the company met for the first time at their new Engine House. • 
 
 The second year, David Eemick was chosen Lieutenant, and James 
 McHard, Clark. Several of the members were fined for not appearing to 
 exercise the engine, and it was voted that it should " be exercised at the 
 sun one hour high for the futer, and the members be warned one day be- 
 forehand, and any officer absenting himself shall pay 2s lawful money." 
 
 March 19th, 1770, the company " took the engine out, worked her, and 
 put her in again ; " and in the evening " met at Capt Bradley's for re- 
 freshments, fee." 
 
 This engine was purchased and kept in repair entirely by private sub- 
 scriptions. The first mention we find of such a machine, in the town 
 records, is in September, 1779, when a proposition was made 
 
 " To see if the town will build a small Store house for Storing Publick 
 Goods or Stores belonging to the Town, together loith the Engine.'' The 
 town voted not to act upon the article. 
 
 In 1769, " salt works " were erected on Mill Brook, by one James Hud- 
 son, and the town (September 21) voted him, as an encouragement, the 
 sum of £13.6.8. But he soon found the business unprofitable, and it was 
 abandoned. 
 
 Among the town officers in 1771, we find, for the first time, '• Weighers 
 of Bread." Nathaniel Walker and William Greenleaf were chosen for 
 that purpose. 
 
 In 1773, a petition was presented to the town, and an article was there- 
 upon inserted in the warrant for the annual meeting, " to see if the town 
 will vote that the stream proceeding out of the Little pond" be turned into 
 his natural course from said pond to the West river."f The proposition 
 was negatived. 
 
 c Eound Toml. 
 
 t Little River. At the annual meeting, in 17G8, James Sa-wytr and John Farnum were granted the 
 privilege of flowing the Great Pond, "to save water to grind at their mills," provided they secured the 
 towu from damage, in consequence of such flowing. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 431 
 
 A tornado ■wbicli took place in this vicinity, on the 1st of August, 1773^ 
 is thus described in a publication of that period. 
 
 " The tornado took its course from the east, first struck Salisbury pointy 
 and following the course of the Merrimack river, spread havoc before it 
 for the space of a mile in width, extending to Haverhill. The devastation 
 was almost beyond conception or description. Almost every house and 
 building, from Salisbury point to a quarter of a mile above Amesbury 
 ferry, was levelled with the ground, uprooted, or otherwise damaged. A 
 Capt. Smith, who belonged to Beverly, was sitting in a sail maker's loft, 
 at Amesbury, when the storm commenced, and in a moment he and the 
 whole building were carried away together, the building rent to pieces and 
 dispersed. Capt. Smith was found lying senseless ninety four feet from 
 the sill of the loft he was carried from ; one of his legs was broken, and 
 he was otherwise bruised. A large white oak post, fourteen feet in 
 length, and twelve by ten inches, was transported one hundred and thirty- 
 eight feet. Two vessels of ninety tons, building in Amesbury, were lifted 
 from the blocks, and carried sideways through the air, twenty-two feet. A 
 large bundle of shingles was taken from the ground, and thrown three 
 hundred and thirty feet, in an opposite direction to that of the post above 
 mentioned, and at right angles to the course the vessels were carried. 
 Large trees were torn up by the roots and cast into the river. Large oak 
 planks were hurled, with the velocity of cannon balls, through the roofs 
 of houses ; and, in fine, during the hurricane, which lasted a few minutes 
 only, the air was filled with everything that could be moved, whirling with 
 the most surprising rapidity through the air, and surrounding the affrighted 
 inhabitants, some of whom were taken up by the winds, carried a consid- 
 erable way, and let down safe : others were buried in their ' cellars, but 
 were dug out without receiving any hurt. About one hundred and fifty 
 buildings fell. 
 
 " In Haverhill, the inhabitants fled in consternation from one large 
 dwelling house, which was blown down, and thought to save themselves in a 
 barn which was almost new, and filled with about thirty tons of hay ; but 
 the barn was entirely blown to pieces, in another moment, and some parts 
 of it carried to the distance of three miles, 
 
 " This tempest was preceded by heavy rain and gross darkness ; and it 
 appeared first on the Merrimack river, which was in the utmost tumult, 
 rolling upon the banks, and threatening to swallow up the affrighted in- 
 habitants." 
 
432 HISTORY Of .HAVERHlLl. 
 
 Mirick (wlio evidently mistakes in placing the date as the iStli, instead 
 o( the 1st of August,) thus describes the eflfects of the tornado in this 
 town : — 
 
 " About 8 o'clock in the morning, a large black cloud arose in the South* 
 west, charged with wind and rain. The wind came in a vein of only a 
 few rods in breadth, and sweeping over Silver's Hill, struck the house of 
 Mr. Bradley, now owned by Hon. Moses Wingate. Mr. Bradley imme* 
 diately ran to the door and attempted to hold it, while the family was 
 thrown into the greatest confusion, running hither and thither, amid the 
 falling bricks, broken glass, and splinters of wood. Thereof was instantly 
 blown oiF, and a bundle of wool was taken from the garret and carried to 
 Oreat Pond. Not a pane of glass was left in the house. The barn, 
 which stood within a few rods of the house, was totally demolished, and a 
 valuable horse which was then in it, escaped unharmed." 
 
 The physical, as well as the political elements, seem to have been un* 
 usually turbulent about these timers. The year 1772 is set down as 
 " uncommonly stormy," with much snow and wind in April, and a " great 
 rain and freshet " in September. 
 
 In September, 1773, the General Court passed an act " to prevent the 
 destruction of Salmon in Merrimack Kiver ; " in which it was declared 
 that no seines should be used which were more than sixteen rods longv 
 They had previously been used, it appears, long enough to stretch quite 
 across the river. 
 
 The same fall, the town decided "to build a stone Pound in the comer 
 of the parsonage pasture, neare Capt Eames." This was the old stone 
 pound, which stood on the west ^ide of Main Street, about midway be- 
 tween White and Fourth Streets, and which was demolished not many 
 years since. The house of A. B. Jaques, Esq., stands upon the original 
 site of the pound. 
 
 At the annual meeting, in 1774, it was proposed to see " whether the 
 Town will vote Mr Hezekiah Smith residing in said town his proportion of 
 Eents," &c., of the parsonage lands, "according to the number of hia 
 hearers belonging to Haverhill." The town refused to make such a divi- 
 sion, and also to choose a committee to examine the records of the 
 Baptists. •■^ 
 
 At the same meeting, a proposition was made, and agreed to, that two 
 schools should be kept the year to come, " the one a Grammar School, and 
 the other an English School." Though the record does not so state, yet 
 
 * The same propositioa was renewed in 1780, but " passed over." 
 
HISTORY OF HAVEEHItL. 433 
 
 We presume tte vote referred to the Pirst Parish only ; as grammar schools 
 were already kept in the several parishes. 
 
 This year the town voted to choose a hoard of Overseers of the Poor, 
 but after choosing them, re^considered their action, and decided not to 
 have any. In 1776, the same thing was again done, and it was finally 
 decided to add two more to the Board of Selectmen, — which was done. 
 In 1781, the number was again reduced to three. 
 
 In 1774, John Eaton, after faithfully serving as town clerk and treas- 
 urer for the long period of fifty-seven years, retired from office, and John 
 Whittier was elected in his place. " Clark Eaton " lived in the house 
 now owned and occupied by Joseph B. Spiller, just below the " button- 
 woods." That he was well fitted for the responsible post, and commanded 
 the respect and confidence of his fellow-townsmen, is abundantly demon- 
 strated by his fifty-six annual re-elections to the office. "Whittier having 
 declined a re-election in 1778, Eaton was again chosen to the office, but 
 refused to serve. He was then considerably past four-score years of age ! 
 Among the names of the original grantees of the township of Kumford, 
 Me., February, 1774, (upon petition of Timothy Walker, Jr., of Concord, 
 N. H., and associates,) we find the following from this town: — 
 Benjamin Gale, James McHard, Phinehas Kimball, 
 
 Nathaniel Marsh, Anna Stevens, Eobert Davis. 
 
 Cutting Marsh Henry Lovejoy, 
 
 The whole number of grantees was sixty-nine. 
 
 In 1777, the small pox again visited this vicinity, and caused great 
 alarm. A town meeting was called, April 8th, to see if the town would 
 erect an " Innoculating Hospital." The town not only refused to erect 
 such a hospital, but also refused to let it be done at individual cost, con- 
 tenting itself with choosing a committee to act with the selectmen in 
 preventing the spread of the disease. From the record of a meeting. May 
 21, we find that although the town had so decidedly objected to a hospital, 
 one was then actually in course of erection ; and a proposition was made 
 that the selectmen might be authorized to permit persons to be inoculated . 
 in it — but it was refused. 
 
 The next year, however, it was found that some such measures were 
 necessary, and in June it was voted to " give leave and admit of Innocu- 
 lation in the town," and the selectmen were to appoint the time and place 
 for that purpose. But before July was past, the vote was " revoked," and 
 two months later, (September 21) it was " voted to prosecute those per- 
 sons that have taken the small pox by innoculation in this town, or any 
 that shall tak<3 it in future, without consent of the town first obtained." 
 55 
 
434 HISTORY or haverhili.. 
 
 Three weeks later, it was " voted to allow the inhahitants of the town t& 
 he innoculatecl at the Hospital, or houses near it " A committee of seven 
 was chosen to have the charge of the hospital, and several regulations were 
 adopted for their government." Were it not for the extravagancies of 
 even quite recent times, we should, perhaps, smile at this vascilating 
 course. But when we reflect that, although the loathsome disease is now 
 shorn of its principal terrors, yet its appearance in our communities is the 
 signal for all sorts of wild fancies and fears, the smile assumes a doubtful 
 significance. 
 
 The winter of 1780 was one of remarkable severity. For forty days, 
 thirty one of which were the month of March, there was no perceptible 
 thaw on the southerly side of any house. The snow was so deep and hard 
 that loaded teams passed over walls and fences in every direction. Says 
 Hon. Bailey Bartlett, in his journal: — 
 
 " Snow so deep and drifted that in breaking a path on the CommOn, we 
 made an arch through a bank of snow, and rode under the arch on horse- 
 back." 
 
 The same year is rendered memorable for its " dark day," which occur- 
 red on the 19th of May. For a week or more, the air had been very thick 
 and heavy ; and, on the morning of the above-named day, very black clouds 
 were seen to lise suddenly and fast from the west, and soon covered all 
 New England with almost total darkness. It was darkest from nine 
 o'clock A. M., to half-past three, P. M. About twelve, M., fowls went to 
 roost, frogs peeped, cattle went to their barns, and night-birds appeared. 
 About midnight, a breeze sprung up from the north-west, and the dark- 
 ness gradually disappeared. It was attributed to a thick smoke, which 
 had been accumulating for several days, occasioned by extensive fires in 
 northern Xew Hampshire, where the people were making many new set- 
 tlements. 
 
 If the office of constable was not a desirable one previous to the war, 
 it must have been much less so when the people were so heavily burthened 
 with taxes, as they were about this time. "VVe need not therefore be sur- 
 prised to find that it was found necessary to order the town treasurer to 
 prosecute those refusing to serve when chosen to the office. 
 
 The depreciation of the paper currency had become so great, that, in 
 1781, the town decided not to receive any more for taxes. In September 
 of that year, the town had £10,121.4.4 of it in the treasury. Exchange 
 was then seventy-Jive to one ! This gives to the list of prices of that time 
 
 « From the Town Records of 1782, we find the disease was still in the town, and the "Pest House" is 
 aetive operation.; 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILIi. 435 
 
 a really formidaWe appearance. Shoes were £20 per pair; milk 15s per 
 quart ; plank 27s per foot ; wood £35 per cord ; board £60 per week ; 
 sugar 54s per pound; meal 78s, and potatoes 96s per bushel; rum 45s 
 per pint; molasses 22s per pint; coflec, 96s, butter 60s, candles 60s, pork 
 60s, veal 24s, tobacco 36s, and ginger 60s per pound; and everything else 
 in proportion. We copy the following as an additional illustration : - — 
 " 1781. April 16, the town of Haverhill to Nathaniel Bradley 
 
 to one mug of flip 
 
 3.12.0 
 
 to my horse to danvers 
 
 24. 0.0 
 
 to 3 messes of oats 
 
 6. 8.0 
 
 to ferrage 
 
 1.16.0 
 
 to one dinner supper & Breakfast 
 
 18. 0.0 
 
 to one nights Lodging 
 
 1.16.0 
 
 to 4 mugs of flip 
 
 14. 8.0 
 
 to 3 half-mugs for my self 
 
 5. 8.0 
 
 £74.8.0 
 Errors Excepted 
 
 Nathaniel Bradley. "=•■' 
 
 In 1782, the town's proportion of the State tax was £2,026.4.0, and of 
 the tax laid by Congress, for the war, £1,347.18.04 ! No wonder that 
 men shrunk from the unpleasant duties of town oflices. At the annual 
 meeting that year, Joseph Dodge, Captain Nathaniel Marsh, and Phineas 
 Carleton, were successively chosen town clerk and treasurer, the first two 
 refusing to serve ; and Deacon Moses Clements refused to serve as select- 
 man. Four town meetings were held before a constable for the East 
 Parish was finally secured ! Phineas Nichols and Eeuben Currier were 
 chosen, refused to serve, and were fined £5 each ; and it was only by 
 voting him their fines as a premium, that Edmund Brown was induced to 
 accept the office ! 
 
 In 1783, the town voted to instruct their Eepresentative to join the 
 Eepresentatives of Newbury and other towns in the county, to memorialize 
 the General Court in regard to " the unequal distribution of the Courts in 
 the County," and at a subsequent meeting it was voted to concur with 
 Newbury and Almsbury in praying for the removal of all the courts and 
 county offices to Ipswich. 
 
 " Six years later, (1787), Rum was two shillings and six pence per gallon; Shalloon, two shillings and 
 six pence per yard ; Sugar, nine pence per pound ; Chocolate, one shilling and four pence per pound ; Salt 
 four shillings per bushel ; Coffee, one shilling and six pence per pound ; Brandy, five shillings per gallon ; 
 Mutton, four pence per pound ; Flour, three pence per pound. 
 
436 HISTORY OP HAYEUHILI,, 
 
 In the early part of May of this year, the selectmen received a letter 
 from the Committee of Correspondence, of Boston, in relation to the return 
 of " refugees " to this country, and an article was inserted in the waiTant 
 for a meeting on the 14th of the same month, to see if the town would 
 take any action in the matter. At first, it was voted not to take any ac- 
 tion, but " after some debate," it was 
 
 " Resolved, That it is the sense of this Town that their Eepresentative 
 be Instructed that whenever the afi'air respecting the return of Conspiri- 
 tors or absentees, should be laid before the General Court, by proper 
 authority, that he do use his Influence in said Court to prevent the Eeturn 
 of said persons, until the Reasons for the same be laid before his Consti- 
 tuents, if not Inconsistent with the articles of peace agreed upon at Paris 
 by the Powers of War, in Nov. 1782." 
 
 Bailey Eartlett was chosen Piepresentative to the Greneral Court, in 1784, 
 but declined, and Samuel AA^hite was then elected. Bartlett had filled the 
 place three years, and was the first one elected by the town under the 
 Constitution. The town acknowledged his past services by a vote of thanks. 
 
 At the same time liberty was granted " to the Fire Club to set an 
 Engine House on the west side of the landing, adjoining land of Samuel 
 %hite." 
 
 On the 29th of June, of this year, John Sawyer, who had been partially 
 insane for several years, leaped from the belfry of the First Parish meeting- 
 house. Mr. Bradford, the bell-man, who had but one leg, was ascending 
 to the bell, when Sawyer crowded past him, and, without warning of his 
 design, leaped from the dizzy height. He intended to throw himself 
 directly upon the whipping post and stocks, which stood a few feet from 
 the north east end of the meeting-house, but over-shot the mark, and 
 landed on the side-walk. The fall broke his back, and he survived but a 
 few hours. 
 
 The year 1785 was one of remarkable extremes' of weather, &c. 
 April 1st, the snow was three feet deep on a level, and so hard, that as late 
 as the 15th it was used for skating, and still later, bore up cattle. On 
 the 13th, the Merrimack was passable on the ice. In September and 
 October there fell unusual quantities of rain. In the latter month there 
 fell in three days nine inches, and the Merrimack was higher than in the 
 great freshet of 1745. November 25, there was a remarkable snow storm, 
 the snow blowing into halls, one of which ran 76 feet, and measured 
 17^ by 22 inches. December 18th, the frost was out of the ground, and 
 the weather pleasant. One month later, was the "coldest night ever 
 known in the climate." 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 437 
 
 The novelty of tlie following, (whicli includes all the articles in the 
 warrant for a town meeting Novemher 14th, 1785) entitles it to a place in 
 a history of the town : — 
 
 " First, To see if it be the minds of the Town to have a bank of paper 
 money Emitted if it may be done upon a Solid foundation. 
 
 " Secondly, To chuse a committee to draw up Instructions for our 
 
 present Deputy to forward the Matter that it may be done without delay." 
 
 The scheme did not, however, appear to meet with the favor its friends 
 
 expected. It was " voted not to act on the first article in the "Warning," 
 
 and the second was then passed over, as a matter of course. 
 
 In March, 1786, the ofiice of "Surveyor of Bread" was joined with 
 another, called " Clerk of the Market." The latter was from this time 
 regularly chosen annually, until quite recently. The Selectmen were at 
 the same time ordered to regulate the size of all bread sold by the bakers 
 in the town. 
 
 This year is rendered memorable, by an insurrection in the western part 
 of the State, headed by one Daniel Shays, and known as " Shays' 
 Eebellion." The origin of these disturbances is to be found in the suffer- 
 ings of the masses of the people under their giievous load of taxes. A few 
 artful and unj^rinciiDled men, took advantage of their distresses, and pur- 
 ' suaded them that they had a right to rid themselves of the restraints of 
 law and government, which had so oppressed them. 
 
 Early in August, delegates from about fifty towns assembled at Hatfield, 
 " to consider and provide a remedy for the grievances they sufi"ercd," and 
 though they professed to disapprove of mobs, their action so inflamed the 
 minds of the ignorant, that three weeks after, a mob of fifteen hundred 
 men, chiefly armed, assembled at Northampton, and prevented the sitting 
 of the Court of Common Pleas. The spirit of insurrection spread rapidly. 
 The first of September, three hundred armed men took possession of the 
 Court House at Worcester, and would not allow the Court to be opened. 
 Soon after, a similar body assembled at Springfield, under the leadership 
 of Captain Daniel Shays, but found the Court protected by six hundred of 
 the militia, under General Shepard, and after threatening and alarming 
 the people for four days, they dispersed. Similar disturbances occurred in 
 Berkshire, Bristol, and Middlesex Counties, and the governor finally con- 
 vened the General Court to consider the unhappy state of afi"airs. 
 
 Previous to the last named act, the town of Boston held a meeting, and 
 addressed a circular letter to every town in the State, " concerning the 
 common interest of the country." On the receipt of the letter in this town, 
 a meeting was at once called, and a committee chosen to draft a suitable 
 
438 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 reply. General Brickett was ctairman. At an adjourned meeting the 
 committee reported tlie following, which was read and adopted, and sent 
 out as the deliberate conclusion of the town. The document breathes the 
 purest and loftiest patriotism : — 
 
 " Haverhill, the 10th of October, 1786. 
 Friends and Fellow Citizens : — 
 
 Your circular address of the 11th of September last, to the several towns 
 of this Commonwealth, has been received, and laid before this town at a 
 legal meeting of the same, and a serious attention paid to the importance 
 of the subject. The blessings of a free Government, and an undisturbed, 
 impartial administration of justice, are the peculiar advantages of freemen, 
 and when contrasted with the miseries attendant upon a despotism, appear 
 as objects too dear to be sacrificed without a struggle. So sensible of 
 these advantages were the good people of this Commonwealth in forming 
 their Constitution, that they, with grateful hearts, acknowledge the good- 
 ness of the Great Legislator of the Universe in affording them in the course 
 of this Providence, an opportunity, deliberately and peaceably, without 
 fraud, violence, or surprise, of entering into an original, explicit and solemn 
 compact with each other, whereby the dignity of man was preserved, his 
 essential rights and liberties guarded, and the fruits of his honest industry 
 and labor secured to him, against the avaricious grasp of a despot or his 
 minions. Under a Constitution so mild and equal, being neither the result 
 of fear or surprise, nor any system imposed upon us by a foreign power ; 
 but made our own free act and deed, by our voluntary censent in which 
 the various branches of government are wisely separated, arranged and 
 organized, and so ample provision made for the regular and impartial 
 administration of law and justice, we flattered ourselves we should have 
 enjoyed for a long time the blessings of peace, good order and harmony. 
 From our government being annually elective by the people, they have a 
 complete control over their rulers, and it is our peculiar advantage that 
 both governors and governed feel alike every public burden, and share in 
 common every calamity and distress. 
 
 If at any time we are agrieved, the avenues to Government, when we 
 apply for redress, are not closed against us, nor guarded by a military 
 power to overawe us. We have a right to apply for relief, and the Con- 
 stitution has pointed out an easy, cheap, and expeditious mode, unattended 
 with any of those dangers to which the Commonwealth may be exposed, 
 when combinations of armed men undertake to redress what they deem 
 grievances, and in effect legislate for the whole people. The late tumul- 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 439 
 
 r 
 tuous and riotous proceedings in some counties of this Common'wealtli in 
 interrupting and stopping the Courts of Justice, from which government 
 derives so much energy and support, are so repugnant to the Constitution, 
 and so abhorent to every idea of peace and good order, that we think it is 
 our indispensable duty to bear this public testimony against them, as sub- 
 Tersive of government, and tending to introduce a state of anarchy which 
 may terminate in the establishment of despotism and arbitrary power. 
 
 We deprecate the consequences of such proceedings, as having a tendency 
 to remove every guard and barrier which the Constitution has placed over 
 our lives, liberties and property, and everything else men hold dear in 
 civilized societies. 
 
 The zeal and activity displayed by his Excellency the Governor in 
 calling upon the good people of this State to exert their efforts to avert the 
 impending ruin, are so expressive of his anxious solicitude for the safety 
 of the Commonwealth, and of his determination to support it, that we 
 cannot on this occasion forbear to express the highest approbation of his 
 conduct. AVe are sensible there are grievances, we feel them in common 
 with our fellow-citizens, and have cheerfully participated in all their 
 calamities and embarrassments. But whether all the grievances we com- 
 plain of originated from government, is a subject of very serious enquiry. 
 Cannot we trace many of them in luxurious, dissipated living, in idleness, 
 in want of temperance, honesty, industry, frugality and economy. 
 Surely these are sources from whence many spring, and a reformation in 
 these respects will operate a cure of almost all the evils that at present 
 distress us. We know of no grievances that cannot be redressed in a con- 
 stitutional manner, and are unwilling to cast a reproach upon government 
 while our own private vices are the principal obstacles to its doing all that 
 good we might reasonably expect from it. 
 
 We lament the delusion of some of our brethren, and that the arts and 
 intrigues of wicked and designing men have precipitated them into such 
 violent outrages upon law and government. We doubt not, however, upon 
 a cool and dispassionate consideration of the evil consequences of such 
 measures, they will be convinced of their inefficiency in procuring the 
 redress of any grievances, that the design of their leaders is the total sub- 
 version of our Constitution and erecting their power upon its ruin, and 
 that the evils they and we labor under are rather the offsprings of our 
 vices than the faults of goverment. 
 
 This town has borne its full share of all the burdens, losses and ex- 
 penses, of the late war, and its subsequent proportion of public expenses 
 since the peace. The present form of government was deliberately 
 
440 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 I adopted, and we wish not to see it sacrificed. We are ready, therefore, to 
 join you in a firm and vigorous support of our Constitution, in the redress 
 : of grievances and in promoting industry, economy, and every other virtue 
 which can exalt and render a nation respectable. 
 
 Per order, James Brictett, 
 
 Chairman of the Committee." 
 Well may the descendants of these patriotic men glory in the title " Son 
 of Old Haverhill." Though the " full share of all the burdens, losses and 
 expenses," of the long and arduous struggle for liberty, had fallen upon 
 them, they had " deliberately adopted " the rules for their government, 
 would not consent to see them sacrificed, and were "ready to join in a 
 firm and vigorous support of our Constitution." Shame on him who can 
 speak lightly of blessings and privileges purchased at such a price! 
 Bather let us fervently pray — 
 
 " Long be our father's temple ours ; 
 AVo to the hand by which it falls ; 
 Departed spirits watch its towers — 
 May living jiatriots guard its walls ! " 
 
 The General Court passed several measures for the relief of the heavily 
 burdened tax-payers, and by offers of free pardon for the past, endeavored 
 to induce the mis-guided insurgents to cease their opposition to the gov- 
 ernment. It was not, however, until several regiments of militia were 
 ordered out, and the most vigorous measures adopted, that the insurrection 
 was finally quelled. 
 
 Among those called out, was a detachment of the militia of this town.-* 
 At a meeting in April, 1787, the town voted to pay them " 8s per month," 
 in addition to what they received from the State. 
 
 One of the safeguards adopted in the then unsettled state of the public 
 mind, was that requiring persons elected to office, to "take and subscribe 
 the oath of allegiance to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts," in order to 
 qualify them to act in their several offices. At the March meeting in 1787, 
 each and every town officer was "sworn into office," and the principal 
 officers " took and subscribed to the oath of allegiance," in addition. This 
 is the first mention we find of one of our town officers taking the oath of 
 office. 
 
 In November, of the same year, Bailey Bartlett, Esq., and Captain 
 Nathaniel Marsh, were chosen delegates to a State Convention at Boston, 
 
 o Their names ■\\'ere, Moses Marsh, Sargeant ; Moses Brickett, Joseph Mullican, Samuel Jliddleton, 
 Caleb Gushing, Daniel Barnes, Timothy Johnson, David Ayer. They enlisted January 0th, 1787, to serve 
 thirty days from the 23d of the same month. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 441 
 
 to ratify tlie Federal Constitution. After several weeks' discussion, it was 
 approved, by a vote of 187 to 168. The first election under the new 
 Constitution, was held December 18th, 1788. 
 
 At the annual meeting in 17S9, it was " Votecjt to choose a Committee 
 to Inspect the schools. The committee chosen were as follows — viz : — 
 The settled Clergymen and Selectmen, Isaac Osgood Esq, Hon Nathaniel 
 P. Sargeant Esq, Mr John White, Capt Francis Carr, & Capt Samuel 
 Merrill. 
 
 Voted the above Committee Visit the Schools Quarterly and make Ee- 
 port to the Town, at their Annual March & fall Meetings." 
 
 This was the first " School Committee " in the town, and so well did the 
 plan commend itself to the inhabitants, that the next year the committee 
 were " desired to reccommend such rules and regulations in the schools as 
 they shall think proper ; " and a similar committee has been annually 
 chosen since that time. 
 
 October 6th, of the same year, a meeting was called to see if the town 
 would build a " Work House " for their poor. After choosing a committee 
 to consider the matter, visit other towns, and ascertain the present cost of 
 supporting the poor of the town, the meeting adjourned. The next April 
 the committee reported that it would not be good policy or economy for 
 the town to erect a work-house, as most of their poor were too old or infirm 
 to labor much, and could be better supported as they then were (in " good 
 families.") They give the names of twenty persons and one family, then 
 mostly supported by the town, at an expense of about one hundred and 
 twenty-seven pounds per annum. 
 
 The year 1789 occupies a prominent place in the unwritten history of 
 our town, and deserves an eqlially prominent one in its written history, as 
 the year in which the First President of the Eepublic visited the town, 
 and gladdened the hearts of its patriotic inhabitants by his visible pre- 
 sence among them. 
 
 George Washington was elected President of the United States on the 
 4th of March, 1789, and was inaugurated on the 30th of the following 
 month. The peculiar and unsettled state of the public mind and affairs 
 at that period of our political history, together with a desire on the part of 
 Washington to examine the resources of the new goverment, and the dis- 
 position of the people toward it, induced him to make an early tour 
 through New England. Soon after the adjournment of the first Congress, 
 he started 'on the proposed journey. 
 
 He left New York on the loth of October, 1789, and visited as far east 
 as the old town (now city) of Portsmouth, N. H. Everywhere on the 
 66 
 
442 HISTORY OF HAYERHIIL. 
 
 route lie was received with the strongest marks of respect — in many in.' 
 stances bordering on veneration. He journeyed in an open carriage, drawu 
 by four horses, accompanied only by his Secretary, (Mr. Lear,) Major 
 Jackson, and a single siprvant. Mr. Lear, upon a beautiful white horse, 
 usually rode in advance of the carriage, which was occupied by Washing- 
 ton and Mr. Jackson, and driven by the Presidents's private coachman. 
 Compared with modern turnouts, the equipage of our first President was 
 plain and unpretending, and a model of Kcpublican simplicity. His 
 journey east from Boston lay along the seaboard, through Salem, Newbury- 
 port, and the line of towns on the then principal road from Boston to 
 Maine. 
 
 The news of Washington's tour early reached the people of Haverhill, 
 and, as might be expected, awakened the liveliest interest. Soon the in- 
 telligence came that he had passed through Newburyport on his way to 
 Portsmouth, and would return by way of Haverhill. This added to the 
 already rapidly increasing interest and excitement, and the most respecta- 
 ble citizens of the town prepared to receive their Chief Magistrate in a 
 manner becoming his exalted station and distinguished character. Anon, 
 came a rumor that Washington would go from Portsmouth direct to Con- 
 cord, and would not return this way, which cast its dark shadow over the 
 whole community. To have the joyfully-anticipated honor and pleasure 
 of a visit from Washington so suddenly taken away, was a most painful 
 disappointment to the good people of Haverhill ; and their sad faces and 
 subdued tones of voice, in the frequent and earnest discussion as to the 
 probabilities of his coming, and of the reasons why he should so suddenly 
 change his route, fully revealed the deep and firm hold our country's 
 Father had in the hearts and affections of hi^ children. 
 
 Among those who most keenly felt the disappointment were Eev. Gyles 
 Merrill and Mr. Jonathan Paysou. AVhen the day arrived that the dis- 
 tinguished visitor was to have passed through the town, they could not be 
 content to risk losing the golden opportunity of seeing him ; and resolving 
 that " see him they must," if it were possible, they mounted their horses 
 and started for Exeter, through which place Washington would pass on 
 his way to Concord. The young daughters of these gentlemen, (Sally 
 White and Sally Merrill — the first-named a step-daughter of Mr. Payson) 
 through much pleading, and most probably tears, obtained permission of 
 their parents to accompany them in the family chaise. With hearts light- 
 ened by the renewed prospect of a consummation of their much-desired 
 wishes, the little party started early in the forenoon for Exeter. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 443 
 
 A few miles this side of their place of destination (in the town of King- 
 ston), they unexpectedly met the equipage of Washington ! The gentlemen 
 in their own all-absorbing interest, quite forgot their young charges ; and 
 the latter, well-nigh transported at the sight of the noble and dignified 
 form and face of Washington, forgot all things else, and in an absent- 
 minded attempt to turn aside and give room for the carriage to pass, the 
 joung ladies wore thrown from the chaise. The excitement of the moment, 
 rendered them quite insensible to fright or pain ; and before the horsemen 
 could dismount, the young misses were upon their feet, declaring most 
 vehemently that they were not hurt — not in the least. Arriving oppo- 
 site to them, Washington ordered his carriage stopped, and kindly enquired 
 — "I hope, young ladies, you are not injured ? " Being assured by their 
 appearance and replies that they had escaped unhurt, he congratulated 
 them on their good fortune, and, respectfully saluting them and their com- 
 panions, directed his party to move on. 
 
 The people of Haverhill had reluctantly yielded to the unwelcome rumor 
 above-mentioned, and had settled into the conviction that notwithstanding 
 their well-earned fame in the (then) recent struggle for their country's 
 independence, and their well known devotion to the cause and its distin- 
 guished defender, their beloved and venerated chief had passed them by. 
 Oppressed with such thoughts as these, each turned aside to attend to his 
 daily avocation, and the day wore slowly away, until the sun had passed 
 his meridian, and unusual quiet and stillness reigned in the pleasant little 
 village " at the foot of the hill." 
 
 But hark ! what sound was that ? Again it comes upon the unwonted 
 stillness. It is a trumpet ! The villagers rush to their doors to learn 
 from whence comes the strange sound. It is soon explained. Down the 
 hill gallops a single horseman, hare-headed, and at full speed, one hand 
 guiding his foaming steed, while with the other he at short intervals imi- 
 tates the shrill blast of a trumpet, alternating it with the cry, " Washington 
 is coming ; Washington is coming ! " As he draws up to the " Mason's 
 Arms,"-' he is recognized as Timothy Osgood a well-known citizen of the 
 town. He had seen Washington at Exeter, and learning that he was en 
 route for Haverhill, had lost no time in hastening to notify his townsmen. 
 
 Immediately the tones of the village bell broke forth. Those who had 
 not heard the ex-tempore trumpet, quickly caught the sound of the bell, 
 and it needed no other tongue to interpret the meaning of the sudden peal ! 
 Never before had spoken that little bell more acceptably to the villagers ; 
 
 o Harrod's Tavern, the siga for which was a paiating represeuting the freemason's Arms. 
 
444 HISTOET OF HAVERHILI. 
 
 never before had it rang a merrier peal. Kound and round it went, with 
 a speed almost supernatural ; it seemed as if indeed propelled by some 
 weird power; while its musical tones, eagerly caught . up by the swift- 
 moving November breeze, followed each other with marvellous rapidity, 
 and fell upon the ears of the overjoyed citizens in golden showers. 
 
 The old schoolmaster, as he paced back and forth in his little palace at 
 the head of the green, suddenly stopped midway his round, as the first 
 tone leaped through the whittled-edged chink in the door, and with a spas- 
 modic " School's dismissed," scarce found patience to wait the exit of his 
 startled scholars." Horses were saddled and mounted in such a brief 
 space of time that their very legs trembled with excitement ; and in an 
 exceedingly short time, a company of horsemen was formed, composed of 
 some of the most respectable citizens in the place, and advanced to meet 
 and escort the President into town. 
 
 Washington entered the village about half-past two o'clock in the 
 afternoon of Wednesday, November 4th, and took up his quarters at Har- 
 rod's Tavern, which was siti\ated on what is now the Town Hall lot, 
 though earnestly invited to occupy apartments prepared for him by Mr. 
 John White, at his residence on Water Street, (on the site of Mr. West's 
 present residence) . The President called on Mr. White, whose daughter- 
 in-law had often been a visitor at his own house in Philadelphia ; took a 
 social glass of wine with him, and acknowledged his obligations for such 
 kindness ; but expressed his preference for a public house ; and, in answer 
 to a suggestion of his would-be hostess, observed that he was " an old sol- 
 dier, and used to hard fare, and a hard bed." 
 
 He had on, at the time, a drab surtout, then a fashionable color with 
 the " most respectable gentlemen," and a military hat. He is described 
 to us, by several who distinctly remember his visit to the place, as very 
 tall and straight, and remarkably dignified in his looks and manners. 
 
 On alighting at the tavern, he was introduced to several of the most 
 prominent citizens of the town ; and after a short rest, he walked about 
 the town, visiting various points of interest, and entering into conversa- 
 tion upon the location, business, and commercial and other advantages of the 
 town. He called at the residence of Sheriff Bartlett, (who was absent at the 
 time) and left his regards for Mr. B., and his thanks for the attentions 
 shown him on his journey east. (Mr. Bartlett, as Sheriff, aided by his 
 Deputies, had escorted Washington through the county). He paid a visit 
 to the small duck factory which had been recently started by Samuel Blod- 
 gett, Esq., on Kent Street, and seemed to share in the interest with which 
 
 " A/act; as is also every other incident given in this sketch. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 445 
 
 the enterprise was regarded by the citizens. He walked up Merrimack 
 Street, and as far as what is now Washington Square and Washington 
 Street (so named in honor of his visit), and repeatedly remarked-upon the 
 pleasantness and beauty of the scenery, the location of the village, and 
 his pleasure in noticing the thrift and enterprise of its citizens. His ob- 
 servation that " Haverhill is the pleasantest village I have passed through," 
 was esteemed a high compliment at the time, and has been transmitted 
 from father to son, as an unanswerable argument in favor of his "home, 
 sweet home," as the best place for the exercise of enterprise, and the en- 
 joyment of life. 
 
 As W^ashington's eye, from his eligible stand-point near Little Eiver 
 Bridge, took in the then unobstructed view for miles up and down the 
 Merrimack, he almost involuntarily exclaimed, — " Beautiful, beautiful ! " 
 He especially admired'the situation of the Saltonstall residence, just below 
 the village (now the Duncan place) , and pronounced it a most charming 
 and picturesque location for a home. 
 
 Among the several parties who called upon Washington, at his lodgings, 
 were Eevs. John Shaw and Gyles Merrill, and Mr. Jonathan Payson, with 
 the little daughter of Mr. Shaw, and the step-daughter of Mr. Payson — 
 two bright little misses, and play-mates, of about eight years of age, named 
 Mary White and Betsey Shaw. The pleasant " And how do the little 
 ladies do ? " with the familiar shake of the hand which followed their in- 
 troduction to the President, was never forgotten by those to whom it was 
 addressed, and they never tired repeating all the little incidents of their 
 interview with the " Great AYashington." While engaged in easy conver- 
 sation with the gentlemen, the President called the little girls to him, and 
 taking one upon each knee, soon completely dispelled their childish timid- 
 ity by his kind words and gentle manner. During the interview, 
 Washington drew from his pocket a glove, and smilingly enquired — 
 " Which of the little misses will mend my glove '? " After a little pleas- 
 ant rivalry between them, each being eager for the honor, the matter was 
 duly arranged on a sort of coj)artnership basis, and the young misses 
 retired with the glove. 
 
 On their return to the room, with the glove neatly repaired, he thanked 
 them for the favor, and drawing them to his chair, imprinted a kiss upon 
 the lips of each ; the recollection of which, the reader may be assured, 
 never lost the vividness and freshness of the first gentle pressure. A kiss 
 from the lips of Washington was a treasure of no mean value ! As might 
 be supposed, the quickly-published success of these little misses stimulated 
 a desire on the part of others to secure a like favor ; among whom were 
 
446 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 two of about the same age, who, after mucli teasing, were allowed to ask 
 permission to "kiss his Land." On answering their timid knock at his 
 door, and hearing their respectful request, Washington expressed his will- 
 ingness to exchange kisses with the little beggars ; and suiting the action 
 to the word, the " Father of his Country" made happy the hearts of two 
 more of his large family of children, by a paternal kiss. 
 
 In accordance with his usual custom, Washington made preparations to 
 retire at an early hour. Soon after he had retired to his room, a little 
 boy came into the tavern, and expressed a desire to see "George Wash- 
 ington." He was tcrld that he could not see him ; upon which he burst 
 into tears, and declared that he " must see George Washington." After 
 vainly endeavoring to pacify the boy, he was ordered to leave the house, 
 as his request could not be granted. Upon this, the littleTfellow's distress 
 burst through all barriers of self-restraint, and he startled the inmates of 
 the whole house with his piercing cries. Before he could be removed, 
 Washington, hearing the uproar, and learning the cause, requested that 
 the boy be brought to his roojn. The little fellow was accordingly taken 
 up ; and, as he entered the room, and through his tears looked upon 
 AVashington, he seemed completely bewildered, and riveted to the spot. 
 He had doubtless listened to many a story of the " great Washington " 
 from his mother's lips, and had seen the interest and excitement in the 
 village in consequence of his visit ; and these had so wrought upon his 
 childish imagination, that he verily believed he was to see a being of cor- 
 responding physical magnitude, and completely answering his boyish ideal 
 of a god. Washington kindly enquired of the boy what he wanted. " I 
 want to see George Washington," stammered the little fellow. Calling 
 the lad to his side, Washington gently patted his head, saying — " I am 
 George Washington, my little lad, but I am only a man." 
 
 It was an unusually cold day for the season, and as Washington was 
 chilly and fatigued with the day's travel, and the " best bed " had not 
 baen used for some time, the careful hostess concluded that it would be 
 prudent to have the bed warmed before her distinguished lodger retired. 
 This conclusion was overheard by her young daughter, who lost no time 
 in carrying the plan into execution. Her adventure is thus narrated by 
 herself, seventy years afterward : — 
 
 " As all and everybody were contending for the honor of doing some- 
 thing for that great and good man, I, with others, thought, what can I do ? 
 Accordingly, I took the warming-pan, and rushed into the chamber, where 
 sat in state, in my mother's easy-chair, President Washington. As I 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 447 
 
 remem'ber, I was about eleven years old,=--= and at that time, being very 
 diflidcnt, I was almost frightened to death to think in whose presence I ^ 
 was. I guess I did not stop to make the bed very warm, but as • I was 
 leaving the chamber, he rose from his chair and kissed me. I went below 
 and told of it, and for years after, it was my boast and pride."f 
 
 The next morning, the militia of the town were called out and paraded, 
 for the inspection of their Commander-in-Chief. The line was formed on 
 the north side of Water Street, extending from the corner of Main Street 
 east. There were about one hundred in the line, and several are ' still 
 living who remember of seeing Washington standing on the opposite side 
 of Water Street, with Major Jackson on his right and Mr. Lear on his 
 left, as he witnessed the modest parade of the " citizen soldiers " of the 
 town in honor of his visit. 
 
 He left town about sun-rise the next morning after his arrival, via the 
 old ferry, nearly opposite the foot of Kent Street. For some cause, not 
 now distinctly remembered, except that it was occasioned by the ferry- 
 boat, he was delayed some little time, after arriving at the ferry-way. 
 AVhile standing in the porch of Mr. Bartlett's residence, (Israel Bartlett, 
 Esq.,) on the north-east corner of Water and Kent Streets, waiting the 
 slow motions of the boat, and surrounded by the principal citizens of 
 the place, and nearly the whole of the neighboring population, Mr. Bart- 
 lett politely invited him to "step in and sit till the boat was ready." 
 Washington was apparently about to accept the invitation, when a near 
 neighbor of Mr. Bartlett's, Gen. Brickett, who lived just below, and directly 
 opposite the ferry, said — " General, won't you please go into my house ? 
 it is much nearer the boat." With the sagacity for which he was ever so 
 remarkable, Washington detected in an instant the real reason of the 
 second invitation, and thanking the gentlemen for their invitations, cour- 
 teously declined them both. This little incident was never forgotten by 
 the first party, who could hardly forgive his neighbor for depriving him of 
 the distinguished honor of having received Washington beneath his own 
 roof. 
 
 Among those who had tried hard to obtain an interview with Washing- 
 ton while in Haverhill, was Bart Pecker — one who had served his country 
 long and faithfully as a soldier in the Eevolutionary army, Bart had 
 been a brave man and a faithful soldier, and was for some time one of the 
 
 " She was in her twelfth year. 
 
 t Since the above was written, we have had the pleasure of an interview with the writer, who is still 
 living, (September, I860,) and in the enjoyment of excellent health. She remembers that in her conlusion 
 and awkwardness, she stumbled and fell, as she was leaving the room, and thinks that this was, perhaps, 
 the immediate occasion of her receiving the envied kiss. 
 
448 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 famous "Washington Life Guards ;" but his love of grog increasing witli his 
 years, had interfered sadly with his standing in the community. Although 
 he pleaded hard for a chance to speak to Washington, whom he declared 
 he was " well acquainted with," he was purposely kept in the back- 
 ground on account of his habits and shabby appearance. But just as 
 Washington had taken leave of his escort, and was about to step into the 
 boat, Bart's patience gave way, and with a fierce ejaculation that he would 
 " speak to the General," he pushed through the crowd, and extending his 
 hand, cried out, excitedly, "General, how do you do?" Washington 
 apparently recognized the voice, and, turning quickly, grasped his hand 
 and rejjlied — " Bart, is this you?" and quietly slipping a gold piece 
 into the hand of the overjoyed old soldier, bade him " good-bye," and 
 hastened on board the waiting boat. 
 
 Washington arrived in Xew York the 13th of November, having been 
 absent about one month. Ever after, he was pleased to speak of his New 
 England tour as one of the most pleasant incidents of his public life. 
 
 We cannot more appropriately close this pleasant episode in our town's 
 history, than by inserting the following extract from ' the diary kept by 
 Washington during his tour : — 
 
 " Wednesday 4th. About half after seven I left Portsmouth, quietly, 
 and without any attendance, having earnestly entreated that all parade 
 and ceremony might be avoided on my return. Before ten I reached 
 Exeter, 14 miles distance. This is considered as the second town in New 
 Hampshire, and stands at the head of the tide-water of Piscataqua Eiver ; 
 but ships of 3 or 400 tons are built at it. Above (but in the town)- are 
 considerable falls, which supply several grist-mills, 2 oil mills, a slitting 
 mill, and snuflp mill. It is a place of some consequence, but does not con- 
 tain more than 1,000 inhabitants. A jealousy subsists between this town 
 (where the legislature alternately sits,) and Portsmouth ; which, had I 
 known it in time, would have made it necessary to have accepted an invi- 
 tation to a public dinner, but my arrangements having been otherwise 
 made, I could not. From hence, passing through Kingston, (6 miles from 
 Exeter) I arrived at Haverhill about half past two, and stayed all night. 
 Walked through the town, which stands at the head of the tide of Merri- 
 mack Biver, and in a beautiful part of the country. The lands over 
 which I travelled to-day, are pretty much mixed in places with stone — 
 and the growth with pines — till I came near to Haverhill, where they 
 disappeared, and the land had a more fertile appearance. The whole were 
 pretty well cultivated, but used (principally) for gi-ass and Indian corn. 
 In Haverhill is a Duck manufactory, upon a small but ingenious scale, 
 
HISTORY OF HAVEKHILL. 449 
 
 Tinder tlie conduct of Colo .'•■■= At this manufactory one small per- 
 son turns a wlicel wliicli employs eiglit spinners, each acting independently 
 of the other, so as to occasion no interruption to the rest if any one of 
 them is stopped — whereas at the Boston manufactory of this article, each 
 spinner has a small girl to turn the wheel. The looms are also somewhat 
 differently constructed from those of the common kind, and upon an im- 
 proved plan. The inhabitt's of this small village were well disposed 
 to welcome me to it by every demonstration which could evince their joy. 
 Thursday 5 th. About sunrise I set out, crossing the Merrimack Eiver 
 at the town, over to the township of Bradford, and in nine miles came to 
 Abbott's tavern, in Andover, where we breakfasted, and met with much 
 attention from Mr Phillips, President of the Senate of Massachusetts, 
 who accompanied us through Bellarika to Lexington, where I dined, and 
 viewed the spot on which the first blood was spilt in the dispute with 
 Great Britain, on the 19th of April 1775." 
 
 * Samuel Blodgett. 
 
 57 
 
450 HISTORY OF HAVERHILI. 
 
 CHAPTEE XXIV. 
 
 1790 TO 1800. 
 
 The close of the Eevolution found our town, in common with others^ 
 seriously embarrassed. The war had been carried on under many and 
 great disadvantages, and at an enormous expense ; and the peace which 
 followed, found the people, of Massachusetts particularly, with a heavy 
 debt upon them, for the payment of which they were compelled to make 
 provision. Their resources were limited, their industry crippled ; and it 
 was several years before the blessings of peace were seen in their full 
 vigor. But that time came at last, and the period when our chapter opens 
 found our town already well started on the high road to general prosperity. 
 
 Ship-building and commerce, which had been almost entirely suspended 
 during the war, were again resumed, and with energy. The long silence 
 of. our ship-yards was succeeded by the busy hum of axe and hammer, 
 and the white wings of commerce once - more gladdened the face of the 
 beautiful Merrimack, cheering the heart and nerving the arm of all classes 
 and conditions of our citizens. There were at this time two ship-yards in 
 the village, and one at the " Eocks," in full operation.=''^ The yard at the 
 Eocks was discontinued about the year 1800. The usual kind of vessels 
 were built in these yards, including ships, brigs, snows, f schooners, and 
 sloops. 
 
 The commerce and trade of the town at this time was large. Several 
 of our merchants were large exporters and importers to and from England 
 and the "West Indies. Vessels sometimes sailed to and from this place to 
 London direct, though the larger ships were laden and unladen at New- 
 buryport, or Boston. From the former place, the goods were carried to 
 and from Haverhill in long boats, or gondolas ; and from the latter in 
 snows, and smaller vessels. The West India trade was carried on in the 
 same manner, though vessels more frequently sailed direct. Among 
 
 '^ Persons yet living can remember when three vessels were launched in a single day in the village. In 
 1810, nine vessels were built here, and fifty to sixty men kept constantly employed in the shipyards. 
 
 t Snow. A vessel equipped with two masts, resembling the main and fore-masts of a ship, and a third 
 small mast just abaft the main-mast, carrying a try-sail. — Mar. Diet. 
 
"HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 451 
 
 tlie articles exported, were large quantities of corn and grain, beef, fish, 
 lumbei', pearl-aslics, linseed oil, tow cloth, and a great variety of other 
 articles in smaller quantities. In return, sugar and molasses were received 
 from the West Indies, and fiie usual variety of goods from London. This 
 town was for a long time the head-quarters of trade for a large hack 
 country, and our wharves, warehouses, and shipping, gave the place quite 
 a port-ly appearance. The goods and article's of trade were transported 
 to and from the interior wholly by oxen, hundreds of which were con- 
 stantly employed in the business. 
 
 Among the principal merchants of the town about this time, were John 
 White, Benjamin Willis, James Duncan, James Duncan, Jr., and Isaac 
 Osgood. 
 
 Mr. White lived in the house now owned and occupied by Thomas 
 West, Esq., next west of the Merrimack Bank, Water Street, and his 
 store stood on the spot now occupied by the above named Bank building. 
 His house, which he built in 1766, was a large three-story mansion, and 
 one of the most imposing and costly dwellings in the region. Its massive 
 front door, with the portico and pillare have been removed. Its deep and 
 terraced front yard, with varied shrubbery and flowers ; its '. ample stone 
 steps, and high fence of fanciful trellis work ; and its tall poplar trees, 
 have all disappeared. The street now presses close to the house, which 
 has been extensively re-modeled, and retains but little of its ancient 
 aristocratic and wealthy appearance. The large garden in the rear of the 
 mansion, with its regular squares, fringed with boxwood — its neatly 
 gravelled walks — its terraces, and rare varieties of imported fruit trees 
 — is now despoiled of its beauty, and nearly, covered with stables. Mr. 
 White, or " Marchant " White, as he was familiarly called, was for many 
 years not only a prominent business man, 'but a highly respected, wealthy, 
 and influential citizen. He was largely engaged in commerce, and im- 
 ported and exported large amounts of merchandise. When Washington 
 passed through Haverhill, he called upon Mr. White, whose daughter-in- 
 law (Mrs. Leonard White) had been a frequent visitor — sometimes for 
 weeks together — of Mrs. AYashington, and exchanged healths with the 
 merchant in a glass of wine.--' 
 
 Mr. Willis was a son of Benjamin Willis, a ship-master of Charlestown, 
 Mass. The latter, during the early part of the Eevolution, was taken 
 prisoner by the British, at sea, and carried into Eustacia. When he re- 
 turned, on being exchanged, he found his house burned, and learned that 
 
 « Mr. White died in 1800, aged 76 years. 
 
452 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 his family bad taken refuge in Haverhill. He settled here with thens 
 after the Eevolution, and became largely engaged in shipping. Benjamin, 
 Jr., while yet a young man, went to London, as supercargo, in one of his^ 
 father's vessels — the brig "Benjamin and N^ncj," — where he became 
 acquainted with a Mr. John Dickinson, a large merchant of that city, who 
 took a strong liking to the young American, and recommended him to en- 
 gage in the mercantile business in Haverhill, at the same time offering to 
 furnish him with a full stock of goods to start with. The offer was ac- 
 cepted, and from this beginning Mr. Willis soon became one of the largest 
 importers in the State. His cargoes usually came to Kewburyport in 
 brigs, and were transported from thence to this town in boats. 
 
 Mr. James Duncan was a son of George Duncan, one of the early set- 
 tlers of Londonderry. In early life, he started out with a small pack of 
 goods, as a pedlar, and from this small beginning, he rose to be quite an 
 extensive merchant. He came to Haverhill some time previous to 1750, 
 and resided here until his death, which occurred in 1818, at the advanced 
 age of ninety-two years. Mr. Duncan was succeeded in business by his 
 son, James Duncan, Jr., who soon became one of the leading merchants of 
 the place, and was not only in both the foreigii and domestic trade, but 
 was largely interested in shipping. He built and furnished the first store 
 in Lebanon, N; H., at which place he also erected potash works, and a 
 mill for grinding flax-seed. Loading his heavy ox-teams with a variety 
 of foreign goods, from his head-quarters in Haverhill, for his store in 
 Lebanon, they returned laden with pearl-ashes, linseed oil, flax-seed, grain, 
 and various other articles of export and exchange. Some idea of the 
 extent of this country trade may be gathered from the fact that, during a 
 single period of twenty-six months, Mr. Duncan sent over $90,000 worth 
 of goods to his store in Lebanon. At this period, large quantities of 
 flax-seed, and pot and pearl-ashes, were exported to England and Ireland. 
 The flax-seed was mostly sent to Ireland. Mr. Duncan was a man of 
 a high order of business talent, and great enterprise. Though deprived 
 of the advantages of a liberal education, he made such good use of 
 his time and means for information, that few could equal him in legal, 
 mercantile, and general knowledge. He was at one time deeply interested 
 in military affairs, and, as a major, commanded the companies of cavalry 
 which escorted Washington, in 1789, from Boston to the New Hampshire 
 line. He died in 1822, in the sixty-sixth year of his age. 
 
 Mr. Osgood was a native of Andover. He came to Haverhill about 
 175 — , and was for many years one of our principal merchants, and most 
 influential citizens. His store, (a wooden building, with gambrel roof,) 
 
HISTORY OF nAVERIIILl;, 453 
 
 Was situated a few rods east of the bridge. Previous to tlie Eevolution, 
 Mr. Osgood was quite largely engaged in the West India trade, but after 
 the war, he was more particularly interested in that of London. He 
 erected, and operated for many years, a large distillery near his store. 
 Subsequently, the distillery was changed to a brewery, and was used as 
 such for several years. It afterward fell into the hands of Mr. Dickenson, 
 of London, and after lying idle for a long time, the latter gentleman made 
 a present of it to Benjamin Willis, Jr., by whom it was torn down, to give 
 jjlace to the stores known as the " Willis Block." The worms and boilers 
 were cast into sleigh-bells, by Mr. Bailey, of the West Parish, and the 
 clay around the vats was used in making bricks for the new block." 
 
 Mr. Osgood died in 1791, and was succeeded in business by his son, 
 Peter Osgood, who will be remembered by many of our readers. 
 
 The population of the town, at the time our chapter opens, was two 
 thousand four hundred and eight, and its valuation, 1,519, 411. f 
 
 At this period, newspapers and letters were carried through the country 
 by persons who rode on horse-back, called "Post-riders." Samuel Bean 
 was post-rider from Boston to Concord, N. H. His route was through 
 Andover, Haverhill, Atkinson, Kingston, Exeter, Epping, jSFottingham, 
 Deerfield, and Pembroke to Concord : returning, he passed through Lon- 
 donderry and Haverhill. He performed the route once a week. The first 
 stage from Haverhill to Boston was started about this time. It was a two- 
 horse coach, and owned by a Mr! Grage. Gage owned one horse, and as 
 often as he could make certain of a sufficient number of passengers for a 
 load, he hired another horse and run his coach. He performed the route 
 only when he had custom. Mr. Eobert Willis remembers that in Septem- 
 ber, 1792, when himself and his brothers were taken by his mother to 
 Boston (to be inoculated with the small pox) they crossed the ferry here 
 just as the sun was rising, and when the coach crossed the bridge at 
 Charlestown, the lamps were already lighted in the evening — thus making 
 the journey in about twelve hours. In 1793, a stage commenced running 
 regularly once a week ; and the same year it was changed to twice a 
 week. 
 
 An advertisement in a Boston paper, under date of April 9, 1793, in- 
 forms the public that " The Haverhill Stage Coach is complete, with 
 genteel curtains & cushions, & a pair of able horses, ready for service." 
 
 ■'■' The block was erected in 1811, Ly Benjamin Willis, Kimball Carleton, Warner Whittier, and James 
 Haseltine, who owned one store each. It was the iirst hriclc hloch erected in the town. The Banister 
 Block was built in 1815. 
 
 t The first United States Census was taken this year — 1790. 
 
454 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 It was to " set out from Cliadwick's ferry in Bradford on Tuesday tlie 16th 
 at 6 oclock, precisely, and it expects to arrive at Mr. Abbott's in Andover 
 before S, & at Mr. Peabody's in Boston before one." The proprietor gave 
 notice tbat be " intends in a sbort time that tbe stage performs this route 
 twice in a week. Fare 3d a mile." There is no name attached to the 
 advertisement, but we believe that Judge Blodgett was the proprietor. 
 
 In November, (1793) a stage commenced running twice a week from 
 this place to Concord, N. H., connecting with the Boston stage. It was 
 owned by parties in this town, Chester, and Concord. The mail, howevei', 
 continued to be carried on horse-back for several years after the establish- 
 ment of a regular line of stages. 
 
 At the celebration attending the opening of the " Andover & Haverhill 
 Eailroad" to Bradford, in October, 1837, Hon. Leverett Saltonstall, of 
 Salem, alluded in a very hapj)y manner to the great contrast between the 
 rates of travelling at the present time, and years gone by. He said he 
 arrived in Boston from Salem, fifteen miles, in the morning, by stage ; — 
 and after waiting three-quarters of an hour, he embarked in the cars for 
 Haverhill — a further distance of thirty-two miles ; and, after spending 
 some hours in the latter place, he hoped to return to Boston in the cars in 
 tbe afternoon, and after remaining a half-an-hour there, return to his 
 family in Salem before eight o'clock in the evening. He well recollected 
 the setting up of the first stage-coach between Boston and Haverhill, some 
 forty or fifty years before, by Judge Blodgett, of Haverhill. It started 
 very early in the morning from Haverhill, in order to have time to perform 
 the distance, and arrive comfortably in Boston before dark ! . The boys 
 followed it as it passed through the villages, and the women put their 
 heads out of the windows, gazing upon the wonder, and the welkin rung 
 with the shouts of " The Stage, The Stage ! " A stage-coach was soon 
 afterward established to run between Haverhill and Concord, N. H. This 
 was considered a most extraordinary event, and one of the leaders had a 
 bell, of a size nearly equal to that of the bell of the Academy, suspended 
 to his neck, the sound of which could be heard a great distance, to give 
 the intelligence that the stage tvas coming / 
 
 At the annual meeting in 1790, the town granted leave, on the petition 
 of Judge Sargeant, for " trees to be set out on the public land." The land 
 referred to was doubtless the common, and we presume it was at this time 
 that the sycamores, — which have been removed but a few years, — were 
 set out. Judge Sargeant's house adjoined the common, on the north.'-' At 
 
 <> It stood on the site now occupied by the Unitarian Church, and was removed to make place for that 
 structure. It now stands, with but little alteration, on the south-west corner of Winter and Spring 
 
 Streets. 
 
HISTOKY OP HAVERHILL. 455 
 
 the next annual meeting, General James Brickett and others petitioned 
 "to have the trees lately set out in the Training Field removed," but no 
 action was taken on the article. 
 
 From a report made to the town this year, we learn that twenty-four 
 persons were at this time supported, in whole or in part, by the town, at 
 an expense of £130. A proposition was made to erect a poor-house, but 
 it was not agreed to. A similar proposition was made six years later, 
 but was also rejected. 
 
 This year, (1790) the collection of the town taxes was, for the first 
 time, sold at " vendue," to the lowest bidder, by parishes. They were bid 
 off at eight and one-half to eleven pence on the pound. 
 
 Previous to this time, swine had been allowed to run at large ; but a 
 district was now laid out, including the village, within which they were 
 in future to be deprived of that privilege. The line run " from Mill 
 Brook to the Upper Sands, and then back to Peter Bradley's ; then to 
 Dea. Ayer's Pond ; and then to the bound first mentioned." 
 
 At a meeting in October of this year, Samuel Walker, from the school 
 committee, submitted a code of regulations for the government of the 
 Grammar .Schools in town, which were adopted. There were thirteen 
 rules, in substance as follows : — 
 
 1. Xone should be admitted into the Grammar Schools but such as 
 could with a degree of readiness read words of two sylables. All " under 
 this description " were to be provided for by employing school-mistresses. 
 
 2. From May 1st to September 1st, the schools should commence at 
 8 A. M., and 2 P. M., and close at 12 M., and 6 P. M. ; and from Septem- 
 ber to May, should begin at 9 A. M., and Ig- P. M., and close at 12 M., 
 and 4i P. M. 
 
 3. There should be no school kept on the afternoon of Saturdays, and 
 Lecture-days, nor on the day of the annual town meeting in March, the 
 annual Election day, the 4th of July, and Tuesday, Wednesday, and 
 Thursday of Commencement Week at Cambridge. 
 
 4. The schools should be divided into two or more classes. The senior 
 class only to be taught writing and arithmetic. The Lower class or classes 
 to be wholly employed in reading and spelling. 
 
 5. Particular attention was to be given in the upper class to punctua- 
 tion, " that in reading they may be taught to observe the Stops and points, 
 notes of affection and interrogation, accenting and Emphasising." 
 
 6. The upper class " should be initiated into the principals of English 
 Grammer, and for this purpose, those Eules which are contained in our 
 
456 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 Englisli Spelling Books should be marked Iby tke Master," and a lesson 
 required daily. 
 
 7. The second class "^ere each to bring one or more answers daily " out 
 of such Catechisms as shall be directed by their Parents or Guardians. 
 
 8. A uniformity of books was to be required. If the parent or guar- 
 dian was unable to purchase, the selectmen were directed to provide the 
 books. 
 
 9. The schools were to be " opened in the morning, and closed in the 
 evening by the school master with an Act of Eeligion, reading a portion 
 of the Bible every morning, accompanied with an Address to God in Prayer, 
 and closing every evening with Pi-ayer." 
 
 10. Quarterly, or at least semi-annually, the master should appoint 
 several of the senior class " to exhibit specimens of their acquirements in 
 learning in the presence of the Committee at the time of their visiting the 
 school, in a way of Public Speaking." 
 
 11. That from May to September one hour in the forenoon, and the 
 same in the afternoon, be specially " appropriated for the instruction of 
 the young Misses or Females ; that of consequence the Common School be 
 dismissed daily for such a period, at 1 1 oclk, in the forenoon, & a like 
 hour in the afternoon," to give time for that purpose. 
 
 12. The master was recommended to consider himself as in the place of 
 a parent to the children under his care, and endeavor to convince them by 
 mild treatment that he felt a parental affection for them ; that he be spar- 
 ing as to threatenings, or promises, but punctual in the execution of the 
 one, and the performance of the other ; that he never make dismission 
 from school at an earlier hour than usual, a reward for attention or dili- 
 gence, but endeavor to lead them to consider being at school a privilege, and 
 dismission from it as a punishment ; that he never strike the children on 
 the head, either with the hand or any instrument, nor allow one scholar 
 to inflict corporeal punishment on another ; that when circumstances 
 admit, he suspend inflicting punishment until some time after the offence 
 is committed ; that as far as it is practicable, he exclude corporeal punish- 
 ment from the school, and particularly, that he never inflict it on females ; 
 that he introduce such rewards as are adapted to stimulate the "ingenaus 
 passions" of the children; and that he inculcate upon the scholars the 
 propriety of good behavior during their absence from school. 
 
 13. Saturdays, in the forenoon, the master was to instruct his scholars 
 in some catechism, and address them on moral and religious subjects, 
 endeavoring to impress upon their minds " a sense of the being and Provi- 
 dence of God, and the obligations they arc under to Love Serve and to 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 457 
 
 pray to him ; their duty to their Parents and masters ; the Beauty and 
 excellence of truth, justice, and mutual Love ; tenderness to Brute Crea- 
 tures, and the sinfulness of tormenting them, and wantinglj destroying 
 their Lives ; the happy tendency of Self-Government, and Obedience to 
 the dictates of Reason, and Religion; the duty which they owe their 
 Country, and the Necessity of a Strict Obedience to its Laws ; and that 
 he Caution them against the prevailing Vices, such as Sabbath Breaking, 
 profane cursing and Swearing, Gaming, Idleness, Writing obscene Words 
 on the Fences, &c." 
 
 Large as has been the progress and improvement in our school system 
 since these first regulutions were framed, we can hardly claim an advance 
 on the two last rules. They cover the whole ground, and scarce leave 
 room for improvement. 
 
 In 1791, the town voted to send an additional Representative to the 
 General Court, provided it should not be any expense to the town. Sam- 
 uel Blodgett was chosen ; and we have it from tradition that at the next 
 annual town meeting he counted out the money he received for the service, 
 and laid it upon the table, refusing to retain a penny. 
 
 A proposition having been made for building a bridge across the Merri- 
 mack, at Deer Island, this town and Salisbury remonstrated strongly 
 against it. One objection made was, that the piers would lessen the tide 
 up the river ! The committee of this town say that there was not more 
 than nine feet of water over the shoals in common tides, and they feared 
 it would be greatly lessened if the proposed bridge should be built. 
 
 At a town meeting, December 12th, (1791,) a proposition was made to 
 divide the town into school districts, and a committee of twelve were 
 chosen for the purpose, Samuel Walker, Chairman. At an adjourned 
 meeting, December 26th, the committee reported a recommendation that 
 each of the four parishes be erected into a distinct school district, with 
 full power to build school houses, employ teachers, raise money to pay for 
 the same, and to subdivide the parish into smaller school districts ad- 
 libitum. If any parish neglected to provide a school, according to the 
 law, the selectmen were directed to do it, and assess the district for the 
 expenses. The report was adopted. 
 
 The occasion of this action of the town was a legislative act passed in 
 June 1789, entitled "An act to provide for the instruction Of youth, and 
 for the promotion of good Education." By this act, towns were authorized 
 to determine the limits of school districts, and districts thus erected were 
 authorized to assess a tax to support a " schoolmaster," &c. 
 58 
 
458 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL 
 
 From tlie al)Ove report, we learn, that " in the 'V\'estern part of the 
 Town, a number of School Houses have lately heen erected, at their own 
 expense." 
 
 At the next annual meeting, the selectmen, the clergymen, and seven 
 other persons were made a committee to inspect the schools in the town/-' 
 At an adjourned meeting, it was voted, that school district No. 1 should 
 have one or more school-houses ; No. 2, four ; No. 3, three ; and No. 4, 
 one. £350 were appropriated for building new school-houses. 
 
 The same year (1792) the town was divided into nineteen highway 
 districts. A petition was received for a highway from Thomas Whittier's 
 (now J. B. Spiller's) in a direct line to Muliken's ferry, but it was decided 
 to be inexpedient.! At the same time, it was ordered that the "plain 
 gate " (that near Eev. Mr. Keely's, on the bank of the river) be kept in 
 repair, so that the river's bank might b^ used as '• a bridle way." 
 
 Among the petitions presented to the selectmen this year, we find one 
 signed by Samuel Blodgett and eighteen of the principal citizens of the 
 village, praying that a town meeting may be called to see if the town 
 " would permit Innoculation to take place in said town provided a conven- 
 ient place can be procured for that purpose in said Town." The reason 
 offered was, that the small pox was in the town of Boston, and other 
 adjacent towns, and that " a great number of the Inhabitants of the Town 
 of Haverhill are determined to go from thence to Boston to receive the 
 same by Innoculation unless they are permitted to be Innoculated in 
 their own Town." 
 
 A meeting was called, but the town refused to repair the pest-house, or 
 
 I to allow innoculation to be performed in the town. As a consequence, 
 
 ■ many persons went to Boston for that purpose. In November, another 
 
 meeting was called, and it was voted to provide a hospital for innoculation 
 
 in the town. A few weeks later it was voted not to allow the thing to be 
 
 done in the town. 
 
 In 1793, President Washington issued a proclamation to the people of 
 the United States, recommending that during the then existing war in 
 Europe> they should preserve a strict neutrality. On the reception of the 
 proclamation in this town, a town meeting was called, and resolutions 
 adopted approving the course of the President, and agreeing to abide by 
 his recommendations. 
 
 o One year still later, a committee was chosen for each school district ; and this continued to be the 
 practice for many years. 
 
 t The portion between Mr. SpiUer's and " Tilton's Corner," was finally laid out about 1835. 
 
HISTORY OV HAVIHRHILI,. "459 
 
 On tlic 6 til of Septemlber, of the above year, occurred an event of no 
 small importance in the town. This was no less than the publication of a 
 newspaper, — -the first ever printed in the town. It was " published by 
 E Ladd & S Bragg," and styled the Guardian of Freedom. It was issued 
 weekly, at " nine shillings per annum," and edited by Benjamin Edes, Jr.'-* 
 It advocated federal politics. 
 
 Cotemporaneous with the first stage coach and the first newspaper, was 
 the erection of the first bridge across the Merrimack, in this town. The 
 Haverhill bridge was completed in the fall of 1794.f It was erected on 
 three arches of one hundred and eighty feet each, supported by three 
 handsome stone piers forty feet square. It had as many defensive piers, 
 or sterlings, extending fifty feet above, and a draw of thirty feet over the 
 channel. It was built on the plan of Timothy Palmer. Moody Spoff"ord, 
 of Gleorgetown, was the chief engineer in its erection. Palmer was an 
 apprentice to Spofford when he made his invention. 
 
 At the time of its erection, the bridge was considered a marvel of 
 mechanical ingenuity and skill ; and to this day, though divested of much 
 of its beautiful proportion, it is surpassed by but few in the country. 
 
 Dr. Dwight, who saw it in 1796, thus desoribes it: J 
 
 "The strength of the Haverhill bridge may be conjectured from the 
 following fact. Six gentlemen placed themselves together upon an exact 
 model of one of the arches, ten feet in length ; in which the largest pieces 
 of timber were half an inch square, and the rest smaller in proportion. 
 Yet not the least injury was done to the model. Of this fact I was a 
 -witness ; and was informed by the gentlemen present, that eleven persons 
 had, a few days before, stood together upon the same model, with no other 
 efi"ect, than compacting it more firmly together. The eleven were supposed 
 to weigh at least sixteen hundred pounds. No bridge which I have ever 
 seen, except that over the Piscataqua, can be compared with this, as a fine 
 object to the eye. The arches above, and below, have a degree of boldness 
 and grandeur, unrivalled in this country. Every part of the work is 
 executed with exactness and strength on the one hand, and on the other 
 with great neatness and beauty. When we saw it, it was new, perfectly 
 white, and brilliant, without that dullness which springs from the decays 
 of time.§ 
 
 " For a more particular account of this paper, see " Newspapers," in the Appendix. 
 
 t Soon as it was passable, Judith Whiting, then in her hundredth year, walked over it unaided. The 
 old lady died soon after, wanting twelve days to complete a century. 
 
 X Dwight's Travels. 
 
 § In a note to the above. Dr. Dwight adds, — " In the year 1812, I found the arched work of this 
 iffidge above taken down, and with it a large proportion of its fine appearance gone." 
 
460 HISTORY OF HATERHILL, 
 
 I have since learned, ttat it is too nicely built, and has suffered some 
 decay by the retention of water in the joints, and elsewhere. 
 
 It was long doubted whether a bridge could be so constructed, as to 
 resist the ice of the Merrimack. The stream is rapid ; and the climate so 
 cold, as to produce, annually, thick and firm ice. But the doubt has van- 
 ished. Seven bridges have been built on this stream : and not one of 
 them has been carried away. The defensive piers have proved an effectual 
 security against this evil. These are formed in the figure of a half pyra- 
 mid ; the base a semi-rhombus ; and are strongly fortified with iron. 
 When the ice descends in large floats against this pier ; it rises on the 
 oblique front ; and breaking by its own weight, easily passes between the 
 principal piers ; and is thus rendered harmless." 
 
 Dr. Spofford, the veteran editor of the Haverhill Gazette, in that paper 
 of March 2d, 1860, gives the following interesting reminiscences of 
 Haverhill in 1794: — 
 
 "Haverhill village at this time consisted of Merrimack, "Water, and 
 Main streets, and the only brick building in the village was part of Sheriff 
 Bartlett's house, so long and so lately and so well occupied by Dr. Longley, 
 A row of small wooden stores occupied the river bank, above the bridge, 
 in one of which Da-vid How, Esq., and in another, Moses Atwood, father 
 of Harriet (Atwood) Newell, kept stores at that time. 
 
 About this time a three-story brick store, perhaps sixty feet long, and 
 forty feet deep, was built by Mr. Howe and Phineas Carleton, on the west 
 side of Main street," of which Mr. How occupied what is now two stores, 
 or about forty feet square, and Mr. Carleton twenty by forty, and from 
 Mr. Carleton's store, which was the southerly one, it was vacant land to 
 the coi'ner. From the corner lot a house had been burnt some years before^ 
 belonging, we think, to Esquire White,! ^ citizen long well known, and 
 possibly yet remembered by some in Haverhill. 
 
 Those who have the curiosity to ascertain which of the stores now in 
 that range was once owned and occupied by Phineas Carleton, may know 
 how much land on Main and Merrimack streets was permitted to lay 
 vacant after a fire, till it was covered with mouldering ruins and tall 
 weeds. 
 
 The old First Parish, and the Baptist churches then furnished ample 
 accommodations, though a much larger portion of the people then were 
 constant attendants at church than at present. 
 
 * The bloek now occupied by John Davis, Willett &, Co., and others, 
 t Samuel White, Esq. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 461 
 
 Mr. Shaw preacliecl at the Congregational, and Mr Smith at the Baptist 
 church, Mrs. Shaw was a Smith, and sister of the wife of President John 
 Adams. We can just recollect hearing of the sudden death of Mr. Shaw, 
 in connection with which an anecdote was current many years ago ; that 
 Eev. Stephen Peabody, of Atkinson, had started that morning, upon the 
 recommendation of Mr. and Mrs. Shaw, to make proposals to a lady in 
 Newbury said to resemble Mrs. Shaw, but meeting the news of Mr. Shaw's 
 death, turned short about, and after waiting due time, made proposals and 
 married the widow ! 
 
 At the opening of the Andover and Haverhill railroad, now the Boston 
 and Maine, a celebration was held, and a collation was given, and speeches 
 made, in the Haverhill Academy Hall, at which, among many good things 
 said, Hon. Leverett . Saltonstall, of Salem, a native of Haverhill, gave a 
 humorous description of the excitement here, when a four horse stage was 
 set up, from this town to Concord ; how the boys collected to view the 
 unaccustomed sight, and listening to hear the hells with which the horses 
 were ornamented, by the time they got to " McFarland's," ran to meet 
 them far up on the plains." 
 
 Dr. Dwight, who visited the town about this time, thus speaks of it : 
 
 "The manners of the inhabitants, in general, are very civil, and be- 
 coming. Those of the most respectable people are plain, frank, easy and 
 unaffected. Both the gentlemen and ladies are well-bred, and intelligent ; 
 and reccommend themselves not a little to the esteem, and attachment of 
 a traveller. We saw at the Church a numerous Congregation, well dressed, 
 decorous and reverential in their deportment." 
 
 " I was informed by unquestionable authority, that in a small lake in 
 this town, about half a mile east of the Congregational Church, and at a 
 little distance from the river, there is an island, which has immemorially 
 floated from one shore to another, whenever it was impelled by a violent 
 wind. Lately it has adhered for a considerable time to a single spot ; and 
 may perhaps be so firmly fixed on the shelving bottom, as to move no more 
 hereafter. Several trees, and shrubs, grow on its surface ; and it is cov- 
 ered with a fresh verdure." 
 
 That the Doctor's authority was " unquestionable," may be safely 
 judged from the following extract from a communication received by the 
 writer, a few weeks since, (1860) from John Bartlett, Esq., of Eox- 
 bury : — '-' 
 
 ° To Mr. Bartlett, (who is a son of Israel Bartlett, of this town,) we are greatly indebted fornumerous 
 favors received while engaged in compiling this history. His kind efiurts Lu our behalf will not soon be 
 forgotten. 
 
462 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 " As it respects tlie floating island, or islands formerly seen in Little or 
 Plug Pond ; the fact must be well remembered by many of the older men 
 of Haverhill village, Mr. Eobt. Willis, Mr. Phineas Carleton, Mr. Hazen 
 Morse,'"' and others. According to my recollection there were two islands ; 
 the smallest had a maple tree on it of two or three inches diameter ; this 
 was broken up and destroyed long before the larger one, which continued 
 for years, and at last grounded when the pond was full, at the cast end un- 
 der the hill, where no wind could reach, to drive it off; as the water fell, 
 the island became rooted to the ground ; when the water rose, the next 
 season it flooded the island, and it soon broke up. I should say that the 
 larger island was 60 feet long by 15 or 20 broad; on the borders were 
 bushes, such as formerly grew, standing in the water at the western end 
 of the pond. The island was composed of a soggy mass of fine vegetable 
 matter, of sufficient firmness to sustain the boys who were frequently on 
 it ; they would sink down a few inches, the water oozing up around their 
 feet. 
 
 " As you will see, I have scratched out a sort of Diagram of the pond, 
 by no means accurate, but it will show you, however, the different posi- 
 tions, where I have seen the larger of the two islands ; many a time have 
 I been on it and gathered cranberries ; and when it was situated at the 
 entrance towards the Plug, where it stood for a whole season, I frequented 
 it for the purpose of fishing, from its outer side, from an opening in the 
 bushes. I have marked the spot on the diagram, thus (2). Mr. Hazen 
 Morse will remember being on the island while it lay there. As the inner 
 edge of the island did not come to dry land, the boys placed some rails to 
 assist in getting on and off. In 1827 I saw the rudiment of a new island 
 afloat at the east end of the pond ; it was perhaps 6 or 7 feet long ; what 
 became of it I don't know — some bushes were on it. So much for the 
 Floating Island."f 
 
 Believing it would add to the interest of Mr. Bartlett's pleasant sketch 
 of these islands, we have procured the following engraving, showing the 
 positions of the larger island as seen by him at vari- 
 ous times. Figure " 1 " indicates a place where Mr. 
 Bartlett remembers to have seen the island; "2" 
 indicates the place where the island remained an en- 
 tire season, during which time Mr. Bartlett, and 
 others, fished froin its outer edge. Figure "3" 
 shows where the island finally grounded, and was broken up. 
 
 o Mr. Morse confirms the statements of Mr. Bartlett, and distinctly remembers fishing from the edge 
 of the floating island. 
 
 t Mr. Bartlett adds, in a note, — " The larger island became extinct, I think, about the year ISOO." 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 463 
 
 As a fitting accompaniment to the albove interesting reminiscenses of 
 Haverhill in the last century, we give the following extract, from " The 
 American Gazetteer," by Jedidiah Morse, D.D., printed in Boston, 1797 : 
 
 Haverhill, a handsome post-town of Massachusetts, in Essex County, 
 situated on the N. side of Merrimack Eiver, across which is an elegant 
 bridge, connecting this town with Bradford, GoO feet long and 34 wide. 
 It has 3 arches of ISO feet each, supported by 3 handsome stone piers, 40 
 feet square ; also a draw of 30 feet, over the channel of the river. Haver- 
 hill has a considerable inland trade, lying about 32 miles N. by "W. of 
 Boston, and 12 miles from Newburyport, at the mouth of the river, and 
 about 28 S. W, of Portsmouth in New-Hampshire. It lies chiefly 
 upon two streets ; the principal of which runs parallel with the river. 
 Vessels of 100 tons burden can go up to it. Travellers are struck with 
 the pleasantness of the situation ; and a number of neat and well finished 
 houses give it an air of elegance. Here are two churches, one for Congre- 
 gationalists, and one for Baptists ; 3 distilleries, one of which has lately 
 undei'gone a laudable transmutiation into a brewery. Some vessels are 
 annually built here, and several are employed in the West India trade, 
 A manufactory of sail-cloth was begun here in 1789, and is said to be in 
 a promising way. The trade of the place, however, is considerably less 
 than before the revolution. The whole township contains 330 houses, and 
 2,408 inhabitants."- 
 
 In 1795, by order of the General Court, the selectmen caused a plan of 
 the town to be taken for the State. The surveys were made by James C. 
 McFarland, and Josiah ISToyes. According to their report, the town con- 
 tained fourteen thousand acres, including ponds and roads. " Great Pond " 
 is put down as covering three hundred acres ; " Creek Pond " the same ; 
 "Little Pond" eighty acres ; and " Ayer's Pond" seventy acres. The 
 island in the Eiver is marked fifty acres. Eussell's Ferry, (now " Chain 
 Ferry,") and Cottle's Ferry, were the only ones then in use in the town.f 
 Little Eiver was then called " West Eiver." 
 
 In the spring of 1796, the inhabitants of the town were startled by the 
 frequency of incendiarism. So serious did the matter become, that a town 
 meeting was held ; a reward of three hundred dollars ofi"ered for the dis- 
 
 ** By the preface, we find that the Census is taken from the official enumeration of 1790. 
 
 t Swett's ferry, at the Rocks, had just been superseded by Merrimack Bridge, Trhich was completed 
 the same fall. This bridge was one thousand feet in length, and was the longest over the Merrimack. It 
 had four arches, a draw, and was supported by five piers and two abutments. There was but little travel 
 over the bridge, and the proprietors suftered it to fall to decay. It was swept away by the ice in 1818. 
 The present bridge at that place was built in 1828. 
 
464 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 covery of tlie offenders, and a watcli ordered to be kept. Tliese vigorous 
 measures had the desired effect, and we hear of no more like depredations. 
 
 May 2d, of the same year, a meeting was held to see what the town 
 would do in relation to the withholding of supplies by the national House 
 of Kepresentatives, so as to render it impossible for the President to carry 
 into effect the treaty with Great Britain. Bailey Bartlett was chosen to 
 draft a memorial to the above body, which was adopted by the town, 
 signed by four hundred and eight inhabitants of the town, of more than 
 twenty-one years of age, and sent to Congi-ess. The memorial strongly 
 urges upon the honorable body the importance and duty of faithfully car- 
 rying into effect all the provisions of the treaty, that the federal govern- 
 ment might not be embarrassed, or weakened, and the honor of the United 
 States, as a young Republic, might be well established. 
 
 In the summer of this year, a '* malignant fever " made its appearance 
 in several towns in the vicinity, and carried off large numbers. In August 
 it visited this town, and spread alarm and terror throughout its whole 
 length and breadth. A town meeting was called, and a committee of 
 thirteen chosen to take measures to prevent its further introduction into 
 the town. Baily Bartlett was chairman. Fortunately, the measures 
 adopted proved successful in staying the progress of the disease, and but 
 few of the inhabitants were numbered among its victims. 
 
 In the fall of the above year, the town ordered a stone pound to be 
 built. It was set on the site now occupied by the house of A. B. Jaques, 
 Esq., Main Street, and was demolished about the year 1850, when the 
 present wooden structure, on Dow Street, was erected in its place. The 
 first pound-keeper was Deacon Samuel Ames. 
 
 From the report of the committee chosen to settle with the town officers 
 for the year ending March, 1798, we learn that the indebtedness of the 
 town at that time was $2,350,00. For the first time in the history of 
 the town, the committee recommended specific appropriations for the cur- 
 rent year. Their recommendations were adopted." 
 
 The first written school report made to the town, was by Eev. Hezekiah 
 Smith, this year (1798). Mr. Smith was chairman of the school commit- 
 tee for the 1st District. 
 
 In the early days of the Eepublic, it was a common custom for towns 
 to discuss the affairs of the nation in their town meetings, and approve or 
 
 o Fourteen hundred dollars was appropriated for the support of the poor ; one thousand dollars toward 
 the exlin^ishment of the town debt; one thousand dollars for highways ; and six hundred dollars for 
 schools. The Selectmen were ordered to hold regular monthly meetings ; a new set of town books were 
 procured, and a new plan for keeping the town accounts agreed to. 
 
HISTOUT OF HATERHILL. 465 
 
 disapprove of public acts and measures with entire freedom. The follow- 
 ing address from this town to the President, — John Adams, — is an 
 ill ustration : — 
 
 " While we disapprove of an interference of the people with the admin- 
 istration of our National Government, we consider it our duty, at this 
 time, to assure you that the measures you have adopted and pursued as 
 first Magistrate of the Union, have uniformly met our hearty concurrence. 
 In full confidence that those measures have been dictated by wisdom, and 
 the purest principles of patriotism, we cannot withhold the expression of 
 our grateful thanks for your undeviating firmness in their execution — 
 your late exertions to redress our wrongs — to accommodate difi'erences 
 unhappily existing batween this country and the French Eepublic — to 
 conciliate the affections of our Allies — to preserve our neutrality — to 
 establish our peace and happiness — and above all to support the indepen- 
 dence, dignity, and freedom of the United States, afford the highest 
 evidence of the justice and wisdom of your administration ; and demands 
 in an eminent degree, the gratitude of eveiy patriotic citizen. 
 
 " We humbly deprecate the calamities of war — but when the safety, 
 the independence, the freedom of our country require, under the directions 
 of the Government of our choice, imploring a blessing from heaven, we are 
 prepared, with our property and at the hazard of our lives, to support our 
 Government, to vindicate our rights, and to defend our country." 
 
 This letter was transmitted to Hon. Bailey Bartlett, then Eepresentativc 
 to Congress, and by him to the President. The following is the President's 
 reply :— 
 
 " To the inhabitants of the town of Haverhill in the State of Massa- 
 chusetts. 
 
 " Gentlemen : — I thank you for a respectable and affectionate address, 
 which has been presented to me by Mr. Bartlett, your Eepresentativc in 
 Congress. * 
 
 " The interference of the people with the administration of -the National 
 Government, in ordinary cases, would be, not only useless and unnecessary, 
 but very inconvenient and expensive to them, if not calculated to disturb 
 the public councils with prejudices, passions, local views, and partial 
 interests, which would better be at rest. But there are some great con- 
 junctions in which it is proper, and in such a government as ours, perhaps 
 necessary. If ever such an occasion can occur, the present is one. 
 
 " Your assurance to me that the measures I have adopted as first Mag- 
 istrate of the Union, have uniformly met your hearty concurrence ; and 
 59 
 
466 
 
 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL, 
 
 your declaration tliat you arc prepared with your property, and at the 
 hazard of your lives, to support your Government, vindicate your rights, 
 and defend your country, are to me a great consolation. 
 
 " John Adams. 
 
 " Philadelphia, June 6, '98." 
 
 The following table, showing the number and valuation of the dwelling 
 houses in Haverhill, in 1798, with the name of each owner, and occupant, 
 we have prepared from the official returns, and believe it to be well worth 
 a place in a history of the town : — 
 
 Householders in ffaverlnll, 1798.'--' 
 " General List of all Dwelling Houses, which with the Out Houses 
 appurtenant thereto, and the Lots, on which the same are erected, not 
 exceeding two Acres in any Case, were owned, possessed or occupied on 
 the 1st day of October 1798, within the Assessment District No 4 in the 
 3d Division of the State of Massachusetts, exceeding in value the sum of 
 One Hundred Dollars." 
 
 Names of Reputed Omiers, 
 
 Valuation 
 in Doll's. 
 
 Names of Reputed Owners. 
 
 Valuation 
 iu Doll's 
 
 Ayer Samuel 
 
 200 
 
 Bradley Samuel 
 
 380 
 
 Ayer James 
 
 190 
 
 7— Bartlett Enos 
 
 600 
 
 1 — Abbot Abigail 
 
 5nO 
 
 Brown John 
 
 150 
 
 Appleton Daniel 
 
 1200 
 
 Bradbury Samuel 
 
 180 
 
 2 — Appleton Daniel 
 
 450 
 
 Brown Edmund 
 
 105 
 
 3 — Appleton Daniel 
 
 200 
 
 8 — Brown Edmund, adminis- 
 
 Ayer John A 
 
 400 
 
 trator 
 
 150 
 
 Ayer Nathan 
 
 850 
 
 Blodgett Samuel 
 
 800 
 
 Ayer James 
 
 200 
 
 Brickett James ") 
 Brickett Daniel j 
 
 1000 
 
 Atwood Moses 
 
 850 
 
 . f Atwood Moses > 
 ( Harris Abial j" 
 
 
 Bernard Sarah 
 
 350 
 
 1000 
 
 Bartlet Bailey 
 
 2000 
 
 Atwood Joseph 
 
 600 
 
 Bartlett Israel 
 
 950 
 
 Abbot Abial 
 
 — 
 
 9 — Bartlett Israel 
 
 350 
 
 Ayer Moses 
 
 400 
 
 Bradley Nathaniel 
 
 1000 
 
 Ayer Obadiah > 
 Ayer James J 
 
 375 
 
 Bradley Peter 
 
 550 
 
 fj § fj 
 
 Bradley Francis 
 
 200 
 
 Ayer Jonathan 
 
 200 
 
 Bradley Joseph 
 
 275 
 
 5 — Ayer Peter 
 
 120 
 
 ^^ f Bradley Mehitable) 
 ( Bradley Joseph ) 
 
 400 
 
 6 — Ayer Jonathan 
 
 140 
 
 ^\J\J 
 
 Ayer John 
 
 220 
 
 Bailey Nathan 
 
 350 
 
 Ayer Peter Jun 
 
 600 
 
 Brooks B Gotten 
 
 800 
 
 Ayer Simen 
 
 600 
 
 11 — Burrell Joseph 
 
 400 
 
 • Adams Phineas 
 
 — 
 
 Ballard Ebenezer 
 
 120 
 
 Ayer Peter 
 
 350 
 
 Bailey Nathaniel 
 
 200 
 
 '^ In those cases where the owner is not the occupant, we have prefixed numerals, referring to the list 
 ofllowing, where will be found the name of the occupant of the house. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 467 
 
 Names of Reputed Q-sniers. 
 
 Valuation 
 ju Doll's 
 
 12— Bartlet Bailey 
 
 400 
 
 Bi-adley Benjamin 
 
 400 
 
 13 — Bradley Benjamiu 
 
 150 
 
 Bryant William. 
 
 175 
 
 Bricket Barnard 
 
 200 
 
 Bricket John 
 
 200 
 
 Bradley Daniel ") 
 Cook Benjamin j 
 
 700 
 
 4 \J\J 
 
 Bradley David 
 
 350 
 
 Bailey Benjamin 
 
 130 
 
 Bailey Jonathan 
 
 350 
 
 Bailey Woodbridge 
 
 260 
 
 Bradley Isaac 
 
 280 
 
 Bailey Nathan, Jun 
 
 105 
 
 , . 1 Bacheler AVilliam) 
 I Putnam Ebenezer | 
 
 260 
 
 Bradley Enocli 
 
 400 
 
 Cops Simeon 
 
 300 
 
 Chase Daniel 
 
 180 
 
 Chase Daniel, Juu 
 
 310 
 
 Carr Francis 
 
 900 
 
 15 — Carr Francis 
 
 180 
 
 Chase Anthony 
 
 230 
 
 Chase Woodman 
 
 130 
 
 Chase Joseph 
 
 210 
 
 Chase John 
 
 150 
 
 Chase Leonard 
 
 110 
 
 Chase Josiah 
 
 120 
 
 Chase Ephraim 
 
 120 
 
 Chase William 
 
 280 
 
 Colby Ephraim 
 
 110 
 
 16— Colby Elizabeth 
 
 150 
 
 Currier Eubin 
 
 130 
 
 17 — Carr Francis 
 
 400 
 
 Cottle William 
 
 150 
 
 Cottle Thomas 
 
 140 
 
 Carleton Enos 
 
 170 
 
 Clements Samuel 
 
 200 
 
 Clements Moses") 
 Clements Amos j 
 
 400 
 
 Cogswell John 
 
 600 
 
 Cogswell Thomas 
 
 350 
 
 Chase Amos 
 
 500 
 
 Carleton Phineas 
 
 900 
 
 Carleton Kimbal 
 
 950 
 
 Carleton Jonathan 
 
 250 
 
 Carleton Micah 
 
 250 
 
 Names of Reputed Owners. 
 
 Chamberlin William 
 Chickering John 
 
 18 — Chadwic James 
 
 19 — Cawlis John 
 Carleton Aaron 
 Clements John 
 Clements Benjamin 
 Clark Nathaniel 
 Corliss Swadock John 
 Chase James 
 Corliss Ephraim 
 Corliss John 
 
 20 — Carleton Kimball 
 Currier Jonathan 
 Davis Amos 
 Davis James 
 Duncan James 
 Dodge Joseph 
 
 21 — Dustin & Treet 
 Dus.ten David • } 
 Dustin Nathaniel j 
 Dusten Thomas 
 Ela Jacob 
 Elliot Ephraim 
 Elliot Thomas 
 Ela Jonathan 
 
 22— Elliot Ephraim 
 
 Easterbrooks Hannah 
 Emery Ephraim 
 Emerson Nehemiah 
 
 23 — Emerson Nehemiah 
 Emerson Susannah 
 Eames Samuel 
 
 24 — Eastman Ephraim 
 Eaton Joseph 
 Eaton Amos 
 Emery John 
 Emerson Ethemore 
 
 25 — Eaton Eebecchah 
 Emerson Abraham 
 Emerson Moses, Jur 
 Eaton Timothy, Jur 
 Emerson Daniel 
 Emerson Josiah 
 Emerson John 
 Eaton Phineas 
 Eaton Timothy 
 
 Valuat'on 
 in Doll's 
 750 
 
 700' 
 450 
 500 
 250 
 175 
 450 
 180 
 200 
 200 
 700 
 350 
 450 
 320 
 ISO 
 290 
 1400 
 900 
 250 
 
 150 
 
 150 
 290 
 450 
 460 
 130 
 110 
 250 
 600 
 400 
 300 
 150 
 400' 
 450 
 350 
 250 
 300 
 300 
 320 
 200 
 230 
 140 
 ISO 
 1?0 
 220 
 200 
 400 
 
468 
 
 HISTOBY or HATERHIII.. 
 
 „ - _ . , n "Valnation 
 
 Names of Ecpntcd Owners. ^ Doll's 
 
 Emery Moses 320 
 
 McFarland Moses 2ri0 
 
 26— Greenlcaf Dorothy 700 
 
 George Amos 400 
 
 George Louis 140 
 
 George Austin ]40 
 
 Greeley Joseph 220 
 
 Grover Joseph 120 
 
 Gay Joseph 125 
 
 Gale Moses 1200 
 
 27— Gale Moses SOO 
 
 28— Gale Moses 400 
 
 Grcenleaf William 1400 
 
 Gage Thomas £00 
 
 Gage Ebenezer 400 
 Greeuough, Sally & Betsy 400 
 
 Gutridge Barnard 
 29 — Green John 
 ( Gile Amos ") 
 ' (Gile James] 
 George Eichard 
 Goodridge John 
 Grcenleaf Caleb 
 30— Grcenleaf Ahel 
 31 — Grcenleaf Ebenezer 
 Gile John 
 Hunkin Jonathan 
 Hunkin David 
 How David 
 Heseltine James 
 Harrod Joseph 
 Haddock James 
 . Haynes Thomas 
 Hale Ezekiel 
 Huse John 
 
 32— Hill 
 
 33— Heseltine 
 
 Hubbard David 
 Heseltine John 
 34 — Hoyt Moses 
 Heseltine Ladd 
 Haynes Joseph 
 How Isaac 
 . Ingals Henry 
 Johnson Thomas 
 Johnson Nathaniel 
 Johnson John 
 
 iOO 
 200 
 
 200 
 
 150 
 180 
 110 
 2o0 
 200 
 260 
 190 
 125 
 
 2000 
 £00 
 
 1000 
 150 
 150 
 400 
 300 
 150 
 200 
 340 
 110 
 200 
 ISO 
 300 
 640 
 400 
 ISO 
 150 
 140 
 
 35 
 36 
 
 Names of Eepnted Owners. 
 
 Johnson Benjamin 
 Johnson John, Jur 
 Johnson Elias 
 Kelley Joseph 
 Ivimbol Cotton 
 Kimball David 
 Kinrick John ") 
 Haddock Delilah j 
 Kinrick Abner 
 Kent Justin 
 Kimball Solomon 
 Kimball Moses 
 Kezcr Timothy 
 Kimbal Eichard 
 Kimbal Jonathan 
 Kimball Benjamin 
 — Kimbal Benjamin 
 
 Kimbal James 
 Ladd Nathaniel 
 Low Hannah 
 Ladd Dudley 
 
 37 — Lamson Wm (Heirs of 
 Moody Moses 
 
 38 — Moody Moses 
 Morse Henry 
 
 39 — Morse Henry 
 Morse Oliver 
 Mansise Hannah 
 Mansise Simon 
 Moors Benjamin 
 Moors Jonathan 
 
 40— Mash David 
 Mash Enoch 
 
 41 — Mash Nathaniel 
 Mash Moses 
 Mash Moses, Jur 
 Mash David, Jur 
 Mc hard James 
 
 42 — Moody Abigail 
 Mullin Eobert 
 Mash Cutting 
 Merrill Gyles 
 Merrill Samuel 
 Merrill Samuel, Jur 
 Nichols Phineas 
 Nichols Dorothy 
 Noyes Follonsbee 
 
 VaJtiatToa 
 in Doll's 
 ISO 
 
 JSO 
 310 
 SOO 
 450 
 
 SOO 
 
 600 
 
 200 
 550 
 350 
 200 
 125 
 500 
 200 
 250 
 150 
 200 
 300 
 850 
 200 
 £00 
 800 
 110 
 160 
 290 
 200 
 1200 
 ISOO 
 400 
 200 
 700 
 600 
 SOO 
 500 
 500 
 250 
 900 
 150 
 175 
 425 
 
 500 
 150 
 500 
 160 
 200 
 
HISTORY OP HATEKHILL. 
 
 469 
 
 Namea of Ecputed Owners. 
 
 Nichols Jacob 
 Ordway Benjamin 
 Osgood Abigail 
 Osgood Peter 
 Ordway Benjamin 
 Ordway Edward 
 Pike James 
 Page Caleb 
 Page John Chapman 
 Poyn Joseph 
 Page Joshua 
 ■ Putnam Oliver 
 Plumer Asa 
 Plumer Thomas 
 Poor John 
 Pettingall Matthew 
 Pecker Euth 
 Peabody Joseph, Jur 
 Page Dorcas ) 
 Page Susannah j 
 Pettingall Jedediah 
 43— Pecker Euth 
 
 Eobinson Joseph 
 Eollins John 
 44 — Eunnils Hannah 
 Eussel John 
 Eogers Hannah 
 Serjant Elias 
 Sanders Samuel 
 Swan Francis 
 45 — Serjant Mary 
 Sawyer Joshua 
 Serjant Mary 
 Salistall Nathaniel 
 Souther Samuel 
 Swett Abraham 
 • Smiley William 
 Smith Hezekiah 
 46 — Smith Hezekiah 
 47 — Smith Hezekiah 
 48 — Smith Hezekiah 
 49 — Smith Hezekiah 
 Souther Jonathan 
 Simons Sarah 
 Simson James 
 Southrege "William 
 Solay Nathaniel 
 
 Vnlnntion 
 in Doll's 
 
 Names of Eeputcd Owners. 
 
 Valnation 
 iu Doll's 
 
 600 
 
 Swett Abial 
 
 250 
 
 170 
 1800 
 
 50— 1 ^^^^^ \ 
 
 \ Johnson Susannah J 
 
 120 
 
 1000 
 
 Smiley Mary 
 
 200 
 
 275 
 
 Sawyer William 
 
 300 
 
 200 
 
 Simmons Nehemiah 
 
 150 
 
 120 
 
 Straw Sherbon 
 
 125 
 
 140 
 
 Swasey Moses 
 
 150 
 
 120 
 
 Smith Walker 
 
 200 
 
 650 
 
 Smith John 
 
 250 
 
 150 
 
 Silver Daniel 
 
 200 
 
 550 
 
 Stevens Ephraim 
 
 180 
 
 250 
 
 Tyler Job 
 
 180 
 
 500 
 
 Tompkins Isaac 
 
 . — 
 
 125 
 
 Tucker Ichabod 
 
 600 
 
 125 
 
 51— Tindle Niles 
 
 250 
 
 500 
 
 r Joseph 
 
 
 300 
 
 ■WTiittier < John 
 
 200 
 
 300 
 
 Moses 
 Walker Nathaniel 
 
 320 
 
 150 
 
 52 — AValker Samuel 
 
 200 
 
 200 
 
 White Samuel 
 
 600 
 
 130 
 
 White Samuel, Jur 
 
 150 
 
 250 
 
 White John 
 
 2600 
 
 900 
 
 White Leonard 
 
 700 
 
 400 
 
 53— White John 
 
 1000 
 
 200 
 
 Willis Benjamin 
 
 800 
 
 180 
 
 54 — Willis Benjamin 
 
 200 
 
 135 
 
 AVest Henry ) 
 AA'est Mary j 
 
 1200 
 
 200 
 
 450 
 
 AA'hittier Thomas 
 
 300 
 
 250 
 
 AA'ells David 
 
 300 
 
 1000 
 
 AA'oodbury Hannah 
 
 1500 
 
 3000 
 
 Weed Joshua 
 
 500 
 
 850 
 
 AA^inn David 
 
 150 
 
 1000 
 
 Whitting John 
 
 125 
 
 250 
 
 AA'yman Jacob 
 
 150 
 
 — 
 
 AA^alker Samuel 1 
 AA'alker Nathaniel j 
 
 800 
 
 900 
 
 500 
 
 AA'atson George 
 
 600 
 
 300 
 
 Whittiker AA^illiam 
 
 300 
 
 200 
 
 AA'hittiker Peter 
 
 200 
 
 150 
 
 AA'ebster Jonathan 
 
 125 
 
 175 
 
 AA^est Henry 
 
 375 
 
 200 
 
 AA' ebster Moses 
 
 420 
 
 300 
 
 55 — AA'hite Samuel 
 
 200 
 
 125 
 
 AVebster Joshua 
 
 150 
 
470 
 
 HISTORY 01" HAVERHILL. 
 
 Names of Reputed Owners. 
 
 Webster Moses, Jur 
 56 — Webstex' Joseph 
 
 Webster Stephen 3d 
 Webster Stephen 4th 
 
 Signed 
 
 May 6, 1799 
 
 Nfimes of Occupants. 
 
 1 — James Walker 
 c. ( Hannah Appleton 
 
 I Hannah Osgood 
 3— Eliphallet Buck 
 4 — John Johnson 
 5 — James Smiley 
 6— John White 
 7 — Francis Bartlett 
 8 — John Brown, Jur 
 9 — Coffin Dean Harris 
 . ^ f Mehitable Bradley 
 ^^(EliphaletNoyes 
 j Joseph Buvrell 
 \ Susannah Millican 
 j John Kimball 
 \ Sarah Greenleaf 
 Joseph Bradly, Jur 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 17 
 
 13 
 
 14 — AVilliam Bacheler 
 , ^ ( David Bradbry 
 ^^ [Nathaniel Bartlett 
 16 — Barnaby Tyler 
 f AVilliam Little 
 ( Samuel Bradley 
 18 — Caleb Lebosquet 
 , q f Nathaniel Fitz 
 I John Silver 
 r George W Hills 
 20 \ David Gleson 
 
 (_ Nathaniel Carver (?) 
 21 — Nathaniel Mayhew 
 22 — Joseph Lake 
 23 — Amos Sawyer 
 24— William F Fry 
 „_ f Rebekah Eaton 
 ^^ (Elijah Eaton 
 26 — Zebulun IngersoU 
 
 Valuation 
 in Doll's 
 
 360 
 260 
 200 
 300 
 
 Names of Reputed Owners. 
 
 AVebster Isaac 
 Webster David 
 Webster Caleb 
 
 Valuation 
 in Doll's 
 
 290 
 500 
 350 
 
 Webster Stephen, Jur 500 
 Nathel Marsh Principal Assessor 
 Moses Moody 
 
 Assistant 
 
 Assessors 
 4th Assessors District 
 
 Samel AValker 
 Enoch Bradley 
 William Euss 
 Stephen Barker 
 
 3d Division. 
 
 27 
 
 28 
 
 29 
 
 Names of Occupants, 
 
 —Benjamin Chase 
 
 j Daniel Adams 
 
 \ David Webb 
 
 ( John Green 
 
 \ Moses Green 
 30 — Oliver Martin 
 31 — John Eussell 
 32— Oliver Foster 
 33 — James Heseltine 
 34 — Stephen Corliss 
 35 — John Downing 
 36 — Nehemiah Emerson 
 37 — Moses Mash, Jur 
 38— Samuel Clark 
 39 — David Morse 
 40 — James Duncan, Jur 
 41 — Jeremiah Stickney 
 . 2 f Abigail Moody 
 
 I Moses Moody 
 43 — Daniel Pecker 
 
 f Hannah Eunniels 
 
 \ Silas Plumer 
 45 — Amos Serjant 
 46 — Jonathan Smith 
 47 — David Morse 
 48 — Asaph Kendall 
 49 — Daniel Bradbury 
 William Smith 
 
 44 
 
 50 
 
 Straw 
 
 61— Westly Balch 
 52 — William Edwards 
 53 — Benjamin Willis, Jur 
 64 — Samuel Blanchard 
 65 — John Downing 
 -„ f John Webster 
 ( Stephen Webster. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 471 
 
 CHAPTER XXV. 
 
 1800 TO 1815. 
 
 The opening of the year 1800, found the whole American people in 
 mourning for the loss of their heloved Washington/'' Never was a mor- 
 tal man more beloved ; never had a free people greater cause for tears. 
 " First in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his countrymen," 
 the sudden death of "Washington overshadowed and made trifling all other 
 sorrows ; and from the one end of the Union to the other, was seen the 
 " mournful procession," and was heard the solemn dirge, and the soul- 
 moving eulogy. 
 
 In these public manifestations of sorrow, this town took a prominent 
 part. The record of January 9th informs us that a meeting of the town 
 was held on that day, "at the request of James Brickett, and others," to 
 see if the town would take measures to notice in an appropriate manner 
 the death of "Washington. It was decided to set apart February 22d, 
 (the birth-day anniversary of "Washington,) as the most fitting time for 
 that purpose, and a committee of twelve were chosen "to determine in 
 what manner it should be done." On the day appointed, the inhabitants 
 assembled in the old meeting-house on the common, where an eloquent 
 eulogy was delivered by Rev. Abiel Abbot, and Washington's Farewell 
 Address was publicly read. After the services at the meeting-house, the 
 town again met, passed a vote of thanks to the orator for his eloquent 
 production, and ordered copies of it to be printed, together with " the 
 Invaluable last address of President Washington," and distributed to each 
 family in the town. 
 
 The first notice we find in the records, or elsewhere, of a proposition to 
 supply the village with water by means of an acqiieduct, is in 1798, when 
 the town's Representative, Nathaniel Marsh, was instructed " to oppose 
 Osgood's petition for an Acqueduct " to take water from "the Round 
 Pond." The next we hear of it, is in 1801, when Benjamin Willis, Jr., 
 Nathan Ayer, Samuel Walker, Jonathan Souther, and Jesse Harding, 
 petitioned the totcn "for leave to conduct the water by means of an 
 acqueduct from the round pond, so-called, into this part of the town, for 
 
 * George Washington died December 14, 1799. 
 
472 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 private and public convenience." The petition was referred to a commit* 
 tee, of whicli Bailey Birtletfc was chairman, who reported that leave ought 
 to be granted such a company, provided that subscription books for the 
 stock were open for all who chose to take a share ; that no one should be 
 allowed to take more than one share until ninety days after the book was 
 opened — at the end of which time the remaining shares might be taken 
 "by any of the subscribers ; and that the rules and regulations of the com- 
 pany be offered to the town for their approbation. 
 
 The company was organized the same year, under a general law of the 
 State. The water was at first, and for many years, conducted in wooden 
 pipes, exclusively. Within the last fifteen years, the works have been 
 greatly extended, and the old logs have given place to pipes of cast iron. 
 The works are now among the best in New England. The pond being fed 
 entirely by springs from the bottom,'-' the water is remarkably pure and 
 sweet ; and, if properly economized, the supply will probably be suffi- 
 cient for the reasonable wants of a population of twenty thousand. The 
 cost of the works thus far, has been nearly $100,000. 
 
 In 1801, the town again chose five selectmen, instead of three, as they 
 had done for the fifty-one years previous ; three assessors ; and five over- 
 seers of the poor. This was the first time the latter had been chosen since 
 1734 ; and the first time in the history of the town that assessors had been 
 chosen as a separate board of officers. From this time forward, the three 
 offices have been kept entirely distinct, and regvilarly filled. In 1806, the 
 number of selectmen was again reduced to three, and has so remained to 
 the present time. 
 
 Some idea of the importance attached to the office of school committee, 
 at this time, may be judged from the fact that the committee for the 1st 
 district consisted of twenty-two persons ; that of the 2d of eleven ; and 
 the 3d and 4th, of eight each. 
 
 This year, twelve "Fish Wardens" were chosen, — the first officers of 
 the kind in town, — for the purpose of regulating the fisheries in the town, 
 and seeing that the fish courses were not obstructed so as to interfere with 
 the free passage of the fish up the streams into the ponds. The alewive 
 fisheries had now become quite an important business, so much so, that the 
 next year (1802) the town petitioned the General Court to pass laws reg- 
 ulating it. They declare the present mode of catching the fish to be very 
 destructive, and that but little advantage accrued to ttie inhabitants from 
 
 o There is not a single living brook, — not even of the smallest kind, — running into this beautiful 
 pond ; and, except a small place at the north-west corner, the bottom of the whole pond is a clean gravel. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 473 
 
 it. They also asked tliat tlie exclusive right to the fisheries within its 
 limits might be given to the town. The prayer of the petition was 
 granted. 
 
 The first part of the month of January, 1802, was so mild, that on the 
 21:th of that month, the ice in the river moved with the tide. But little 
 snow fell until the 22d of February, after which great quantities fell, "and 
 the weather was exceedingly cold. In March, Bailey Bartlett, and others, 
 " went to Ipswich on the crust of the snow, over all the fences, in a double 
 slay."" 
 
 This year, for the first time, we find that a list of the voters in the town 
 was made out, and accepted ; f and a list of names for jurymen submitted 
 to the town for approval, by the selectmen. 
 
 From the Haverhill Observer of July 9, 1802, we learn that " several 
 gentlemen " celebrated the anniversary of American Independence, in 
 this town, " by a dinner at Lieut Bradley's Tavern, followed by a number 
 of toasts."! This is the first mention we find of such a celebration in the 
 town, and we learn from tradition that it was about this time that the 
 first one was had. 
 
 Among the many note-worthy events of this year, may also be men- 
 tioned the organization of a Lodge of Freemasons in the town, — a more 
 particular account of which will be found in another place. 
 
 In 1803, Ward Eaton, and others, petitioned the town for liberty to 
 erect Hay Scales, — which was granted. The fee fixed upon by the town 
 for weighing hay, was one and one-fourth cents per one hundred pounds, 
 for all over six hundred pounds ; and eight cents per load for all less than 
 six hundred pounds. The scales were located on the northerly side of 
 "Winter Street, opposite the foot of Pleasant Street, where they remained 
 until about 184 — , when they were removed to their present site, — imme- 
 diately adjoining the town pump, on the northerly side. 
 
 * Bartlett's Journal. 
 
 t It would seem as if such a list must have been regularly kept long before this, but the above is the 
 first mention we find of such a thing in the town records. 
 
 t "Nat Bradley's Tavern" stood on the lot next north-west of the present South Church, and was at 
 that time the principal stage house in the village. Landlord Bradley was one of the handsomest and 
 most popular hosts in all the region round about. Weighing about 250 lbs.; very neat and particular in 
 his dress; which was always close up with the fashion; lively, social, gentlemanly; he always appeared 
 to feel well himself, and had the happy tact of making all with whom he came in contact share in his 
 good humor. After his death, the tavern was for many years kept by Moody Chase. In 182-, the house 
 was removed to the north-west corner of Winter and Pleasant streets, where it is still occupied as a 
 dwelling house, by Wm. Smiley, Esq. 
 
 60 
 
474 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 In May, of the above year, a mail stage commenced running "between 
 Haverhill and Newbxiryport, and has continued its regular trips until the 
 present time. 
 
 The committee chosen to settle with the selectmen, overseers, and town 
 treasurer, for 1803, recommended that in future, an "annual finance 
 statement " should be made to the town at its March meetings, which was 
 agreed to, and since that time such a statement has been regularly made, 
 and a committee chosen annually to audit the accounts of these officers, 
 and make their repoii; to the next succeeding annual March meeting. 
 
 In 1804, the Fourth of July was first publicly observed in this town as 
 a. National Anniversary, and was celebrated in a most enthusiastic and 
 patriotic manner. The militia, under Captain Huse, paraded the streets 
 with fife and drum ; a collation was served up on the "parade ground f' 
 and a splendid dinner provided at " Harrod's Hotel," followed by patriotic 
 toasts. This appears to have been the first public celebration of Indepen- 
 ■ dence Day in the town. We learn, from tradition, that the inhabitants of 
 that part of the East Parish near the old meeting-house, feeling hardly 
 able to join in the celebration "up town," got up one on their own hook, 
 at Mr. Woodman Chase's. Their bill of fare, to which each family con- 
 tributed, in the genuine pic-nic style, included one whole roast pig, and 
 turtle soup.f The principal families at the Eocks joined in the up-town 
 celebration. 
 
 In The Observer, for the same month, (July) we find an advertisement 
 of Slater «fe Co., Kehoboth, Mass., to the effect that they had appointed 
 an agent in this town to sell their " cotton yarn." A few weeks later, 
 (August) Ezekiel Hale informs the public, through the same channel, that 
 he has established " a Cotton Yarn Manufactory " in this town, and offers 
 the yarn for sale " to those who wish to make their own cotton cloth." 
 From this it will be seen that the manufacture of cotton yarn in this town 
 was nearly cotemporaneous with its first manufacture in the country. The 
 same may also be said of duck, potash, and of the wholesale manufacture 
 of shoes. From the same paper, we learn that, in October of the above 
 year, the making of " cut nails " was commenced in the town, by Sawyer 
 & Cross, " at their shop a few rods east of Bradley's Tavern." They 
 were also blacksmiths. 
 
 In October, of the same year, on petition of Bailey Bartlett, and others, 
 a committee was chosen, of which Mr. Bartlett was chairman, to draft a 
 
 *• The parade ground was in the rear of the old meeting-house, on the common. 
 t Made from a large turtle caught by Daniel Johnson, who personally superintended the preparation of 
 the Bonp, 
 
HISTORY OP HAYERHILL. 475 
 
 code of By-Laws for the town. At an adjourned meeting, held in Decem- 
 ber, the committee reported the following code, which were adopted. They 
 were the first code of by-laws adopted^ by the town. We copy them from 
 the Haverhill 3fuseuni, of March 5 th, 1805, (Vol. 1, No, 14) : — 
 
 BY-LAWS 
 
 FOR THE 
 
 TOWN OF HAVERHILL, 
 
 In the County of Essex, and Oommonwealth of Massachusetts. 
 
 Passed at a meeting of the Inhabitants, Dec. 10, 1804, and approved by 
 
 the Court of Common Pleas. 
 
 Sec. 1. It is ordered, That no person or persons shall presume to make any 
 bonfires, or set on fire any wood, straw, shavings, or other combustible 
 matter, by night or by day, in any street, lane or alley, or in any public or 
 private yard in the compact part of this town, under the penalty of forfeit- 
 ing and paying the sum of one dollar. 
 
 Sec. 2. It is ordered, That no person or persons shall carry fire from 
 any house or place to any other house or place, in the compact part of this 
 town, except in some vessel sufficiently covered to secure the fire from 
 being driven about by the wind, or scattered by the way, under the pen- 
 alty of forfeiting and paying a sum not exceeding one dollar, nor less than 
 fifty cents. And it is further ordered, That no person or persons shall 
 presume to smoke any pipe or segar or have or use any pipe or segar while 
 on fire, in any street or lane in this town, under the penalty of forfeiting 
 and paying a sum not exceeding fifty cents, nor less than twenty-five 
 cents. 
 
 Sec. 3. It is ordered, That the Selectmen, on complaint being made to 
 them, or any one of them, or upon their own knowledge of any defective 
 chimney or hearth in this town, shall cause the same to be duly examined, 
 and repaired, if it can be done conveniently, or otherwise to be taken 
 down and demolished ; and the owner or owners of such chimney or chim- 
 nies, if they neglect to take them down and repair the same, for the term 
 of one week after an order of the Selectmen (duly certified by the Town- 
 Clerk and entered on the town book) has been served on him her or them 
 shall forfeit and pay the sum of three dollars. And the Selectmen, for the 
 time being, shall have full power and authority, and they are hereby re- 
 quired to order and direct the same chimney or chimnies to be repaired or 
 taken down and abated as a common nuisance ; and the owner or owners of 
 
476 HISTORY OF HAVERHILIi, 
 
 such chimney or chimnies shall pay and satisfy the whole expense and 
 charges of abating such nuisances, to be recovered as the other penalties. 
 
 Sec. 4. It is ordered, That if any chimney shall take fire through foul- 
 ness, and blaze out at the top, except when it rains or snows, or when the 
 houses are covered with snow, the owner or owners of the house, to which 
 such chimney belongs, shall forfeit and pay the sum of one dollar: Pro- 
 vided nevertheless, that no person shall be subject to this penalty, who ha3 
 caused his chimney to be swept or fired, for the purpose of cleaning the 
 same, within two months from the time of its taking fire as aforesaid. 
 And it is further ordered, That no person shall fire his or her chimney, 
 for the purpose aforesaid, except in a calm time, or when it shall actually 
 rain or snow, and between the time of sun-rising and twelve o'clock at 
 noon, under the penalty of forfeiting and paying the sum of one dollar. 
 
 Sec. 5. It is ordered, That no person or persons shall hereafter project 
 any stove funnel through the top or side of any wooden building, unless 
 the same be securely surrounded by brick work or iron ; and no stove 
 shall be placed in any store, or other building, without a double hearth 
 under the same, under the penalty of forfeiting and paying the sum of 
 two dollars for the first offence, and the sum of one dollar for every week, 
 so long as such offence shall continue, after being duly notified by the 
 Selectmen or any officer of police. 
 
 Sec. 6. It is ordered. That no cooper, within this town, shall fire or 
 burn any cask in any shop, warehouse, or other place than in a sufiicient 
 brick or stone chimney, made safe and convenient for that purpose, on 
 pain of forfeiting and paying the sum of one dollar for each offence. 
 
 Sec. 7. It is ordered. That no person shall, on any pretense, carry a 
 lighted candle or lamp into any barn or stable in this town, unless in 
 a good secure lanthorn, on pain of forfeiting and paying the sum of one 
 dollar for each and every such offense. And it is further ordered. That 
 no person shall smoke, have, or use any lighted segar or pipe, in any barn 
 or stable, or within the yard of any barn or stable, in this town, on pen- 
 alty of forfeiting and paying the sum of fifty cents for each and every 
 such offense. 
 
 Sec. 8. It is ordered, That for the future no person or persons shall 
 keep in their dwelling house, shop, or store, within the limits of this town, 
 more than twenty-five pounds of gun-powder, (which quantity shall be 
 kept in a tin or copper cannister, with a secure top) on penalty of paying 
 five dollars for each offence. 
 
 Sec. 9. It is ordered, That no person shall place and leave, or cause to 
 be placed and left, in any street or lane in this town, any wood, bark. 
 
HISTOKY 01 HAVEKHIIL. 477 
 
 timlDer, "boards, shingles, clapboards, scantling, shavings, stones, tricks, 
 casks, tubs, crates, boxes, dirt, or any kind of rubbish, or other articles, 
 in such a manner as to obstruct the passage of carriages in the public way, 
 for the space of two hours, on penalty of forfeiting and paying the sum of 
 fifty cents for each and every such offence, and the like penalty for every 
 twelve hours after the owner has been notified by the Selectmen or Inspec- 
 tor of Police to remove the same. Provided 'nevertheless, that any person 
 wishing to repair any building, adjoining any street or highway in this 
 town, may give notice to the Selectmen of such intention, who shall set off 
 and allot such portion of the street or highway adjoining thereto as they 
 shall judge necessary, leaving in all parts, if possible, sufficient room for 
 carts and carriages to pass notwithstanding ; and such person may lay and 
 leave, in the place alloted as aforesaid, all the materials necessary for such 
 building, and shall not be liable to the above forfeiture therefor, during 
 such reasonable time as may be necessary for erecting or repairing said 
 building. 
 
 Sec. 10. Whereas great inconvenience and hazard are occasioned by 
 loads of wood, butchers' carts, and other carts and waggons, standing in 
 and obstructing the streets and public ways in this town : to prevent which 
 in future, It is ordered. That some suitable person or persons be annually 
 appointed in public town meeting, whose duty it shall be to prevent all 
 such obstructions, and see that a free passage be constantly kept open in 
 the streets and ways aforesaid; and whoever shall offend against this 
 regulation, by continuing either of the aforementioned obstructions in the 
 streets or ways aforesaid, after being notified and directed to remove 
 the same by either of the persons appointed as aforesaid, shall forfeit and 
 pay the sum of fifty cents, to be recovered by complaint on oath to any 
 Justice of the Peace within this county. 
 
 Sec. 11. It is ordered, That no horse or horse kind shall be turned out 
 loose, or suffered to go at large, or to go to water, without a suitable per- 
 son to lead him, within the compact part of this town, under the penalty 
 of paying the sum of twenty-five cents for each and every such offence. 
 
 Sec. 12. It is ordered. That no person, except the militia on muster 
 days, while under arms, and by command of their officers, shall fire any 
 gun, pistol, squib, cracker, or other thing, charged in whole or in part with 
 gun-powder, in any of the streets, lanes, or public ways in the compact 
 part of this town, or so near the same as to affright any horse, or in any 
 way to affright, injure or annoy any person whatever, on penalty of for- 
 feiting and paying the sum of twenty-five cents. 
 
478 HISTORY OF HAtERHILti. 
 
 Sec. 1 3. /;; is ordered, That no person or persons shall climb "behind 
 any chaise or other carriage, passing in this town, without the consent of 
 the owner, on penalty of forfeiting and paying the sum of twenty-five 
 cents for each offence. 
 
 Sec. 14. li is ordered. That no person shall, in any street, lane, or 
 alley, or other public place, or near any dwelling house in this town, be 
 guilty of rude, indecent, or disorderly conduct, or insult or wantonly im- 
 pede any passenger, or sing or repeat any lewd, obscene, or profane songs, 
 or write or cause to be written any obscene words on any fence, wall, or 
 other building, or speak, utter, or repeat any lewd, obscene, or profane 
 words, or wantonly injure and deface any fence, wall, or other buildings, 
 or any sign-post or sign, by cutting, scratching, or daubing the same with 
 paint or other matter, or wantonly cut or injure any tree standing in the 
 streets or highways of this town, or rob any garden of fruit or vegetables* 
 or injure any trees, shrubs, or bushes growing in such garden, or without 
 permission from the owner climb on or over the fences thereof, or aid, 
 abet, or advise the commission of any of the aforesaid acts, under the pen* 
 alty of forfeiting and paying a sum not exceeding two dollars, nor less 
 than twenty-five cents, to be recovered by a complaint on oath to some 
 Justice of the Peace. in this county. 
 
 Sec. 15. It is ordered, That hereafter no vaults, vats, cisterns, cellars, 
 or wells shall be left open, unless the same be enclosed by a sufiicient 
 fence, curb, or guard, on penalty of paying fifty cents for the first week, 
 and fifty cents for every week it shall remain open, after being notified by 
 the Selectmen or officer of police to inclose or cover the same. 
 
 Sec. 16. It is ordered. That proper persons, of good moral characters, 
 shall be annually appointed by a vote of the town, to inspect and inform 
 of the breach of any of these orders or by-laws, this day here voted 
 and ordered ; and the persons so appointed shall be called the Inspectors 
 of the Police. 
 
 Sec. 17. It is ordered. That parents, guardians, and masters shall be 
 deemed accountable for all penalties and forfeitures which their children, 
 wards, apprentices, or servants shall or may forfeit, by any of the fore- 
 going regulations. 
 
 Sec^ 18. It is ordered. That it shall be the duty of the Inspectors to 
 cause all these by-laws and orders to be strictly complied with, and 
 to prosecute for all penalties arising under them, either from their own 
 knowledge or from information given them by others 
 
 Sec. 19. It is hereby voted and ordered. That all and every the fine and 
 fines, for any breach or breaches of these town orders or by-laws, except- 
 
 I 
 
HISTOET OF HAVERHILL. 479 
 
 ing as Isefore provided, may be recovered "by action of debt, before any 
 Justice of the Peace in this county, by any Inspector or Inspectors of tbe 
 Police, or any of the Selectmen of the town ; one half to go to and for 
 the use of the poor of the town, and the other half to the Inspector or 
 other person who shall proseciite for the same. And such prosecution 
 shall be commenced within three months from the commission of the 
 offense, and not afterwards. — To prevent all dispute concerning the com- 
 pact part of this town, it is hereby ordered, that the limits thereof shall 
 be co-extensive with the bounds of the first parish. 
 
 Among the town officers chosen in 1805, we find seven "Inspectors of 
 Police." The overseers of the poor were this year, for the first time, 
 voted compensation for their services as such ; foijr ounces of powder were 
 voted to each soldier annually for use on muster days ; and a powder 
 house was ordered to be built." The latter was a small brick structure, 
 about eight feet square, and was placed on the north side of " Powder 
 H9use Lane," (now called White Street, between Portland and Hun- 
 tington Streets,) and will be remembered by many of our readers. It 
 was removed about 1845, when the present one, on Golden Hill, was 
 erected. 
 
 The town seem to have had a decided hostility to the erection of any 
 bridges below them, as we find that they remonstrated against the erection 
 of every one of them. This year, (1805) their Eepresentative was in- 
 structed to oppose the petition for the Plum Island bridge. Their great 
 objection was, that such a bridge would hinder the passage of boats going 
 to and from the salt marshes for hay. Two years later, they remonstrated 
 against the building of a bridge at Amesbury Ferry, and also against 
 " shortening the arch" of the bridge at Andover. 
 
 The 24th of May, 1807, will long be remembered in the history of 
 Haverhill, as the day on which occurred one of those sudden and terrible 
 catastrophes which now and then cast their dark shadows over a whole 
 community. 
 
 On Saturday, the 23d, a brig was launched at one of the yards in the 
 village, and a party of the men employed in the yard assisted in getting 
 it down the river. They were returning the next day, in a scow, in the 
 
 * In 1794 when a war with France seemed imminent, the town voted to each non-commissioned officer 
 and soldier who should enlist, if called into actual service, enough to make their pay eight dollars per 
 month. In 1801, the town's stock of military supplies consisted of two narrow-axes, four pick-axes, one 
 hundred pounds powder, fifteen gun-locks, two hundred and fifty pounds leaden balls, and six hundred 
 and twenty-six flints. In 1809, the stock of powder was hut thirty-three pounds. 
 
480 HISTOBT OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 midst of one of tlie most violent north-east storms ever known on tlie river, 
 and when a short distance above the Eocks' Bridge, the boat run un- 
 der and capsized, and six out of the eleven in it were drowned. Their 
 names were Matthew Pettingill, Samuel Blanchard, John Foss, William 
 Hoyt, Benjamin Cole, and Joshua Weed, and all were heads of families. 
 Mr. Cole was found the same day ; four were found the next Saturday, 
 and on the Sunday following, the body of Mr. Weed was taken up. They 
 were all brought into the village and buried on the Sabbath, the first four 
 in the forenoon and Mr. Weed in the afternoon. It was surely a solemn 
 day. The names of the survivors were Moses Kimball, Joseph Kimball, 
 Joseph Wells, Nathaniel Soley, and Nicholas Colby. After the boat cap- 
 sized, Colby, who was a good swimmer, succeeded in getting these four 
 upon the bottom of tho^scow, which barely kept afloat. He tried hard to 
 save Hoyt, who clung to him, while beneath the surface, with a death 
 grasp, but finding his strength rapidly failing, he was obliged to exert his 
 whole remaining force in tearing himself from the drowning man ; and, 
 having nearly exhausted himself in his eflPorts, Colby endeavored to per- 
 suade Moses Kimball, who could swim, to swim ashore and find help, as 
 it was evident the wreck could not long be kept afloat. But Kimball's 
 brother positively forbid his making the attempt. Finding all entreaty 
 unavailing, Colby at length resolved to make the attempt himself, though 
 scarce expecting to be able to reach the land, and bidding them good-bye, 
 he struck out for the shore. John Ingersoll, of the Eocks' Village, a 
 young man lately returned from sea, observing the severity of the storm, 
 and having a curiosity to see its eff"ect upon the river, was that morning 
 walking along the shore, when he came suddenly upon a man feebly cling- 
 ing to a rock near the water's edge. It was Colby, too much exhausted to 
 drag himself out of the water, or even to speak aloud. With great diffi- 
 culty, the brave man explained the perilous situation of his companions. 
 Ingersoll immediately ran to the village below, gave the alarm, and, after 
 trying in vain to induce some one to assist him in the attempt, embarked 
 alone in a small skifi", and after great peril succeeded in finding and sav- 
 ing the four persons on the wreck ! Surely the names of Nicholas Colby 
 and John Ingersoll well deserve an honorable place in our history. They 
 have it, and may their noble example never be forgotten by their posterity. 
 Up to this time, (1808) with the exceptions already noticed, the poor 
 of the town had been supported in families, though from time to time in- 
 vestigations were made to ascertain whether that was the most economical 
 plan for the town. From a report made in 1801, it appears that ten per- 
 sons were wholly supported by the town, and several others assisted. The 
 
HISTORY OF HATERHILL. 4:81 
 
 cost of supporting the former varied from fifty cents to one dollar and 
 seventeen cents per week. The total expenses for the poor that year was 
 eight hundred and twelve dollars. In 1808, a committee was chosen " to 
 devise some different method of supporting the poor." The result was, 
 that they were " let out to Ezekiel Hale," and he was voted "Master of 
 the Work House." The selectmen were then made overseers of the poor. 
 Under this plan, the expenses run up to $1,540,35, the same year; and 
 at the next annual meeting a separate board of overseers were again chosen 
 and the manner in which the poor should be supported, whether " by keep- 
 ing them together, or otherwise," was left with the overseers. For a few 
 years after this, they were kept together in a house hired for that purpose, 
 but in 181-i, the plan was given up, the "Poor House Stock & Utensils," 
 (valued at $50) were sold, and the old plan of boarding them in private 
 families was again resumed. 
 
 At a town meeting in September, 1808, a committee was chosen to 
 draft a " respectful petition to the President of the United States, praying 
 him to suspend a part or the whole of the Embargo Act." The President 
 replied, under date of September 21st. 
 
 As early as January, 1805, a bill was passed by Congress, forbidding, 
 under severe^ penalties, armed vessels to leave the United States. The 
 policy of the government was to maintain peace by avoiding collisions, 
 rather than by asserting rights ; but finally, measures were adopted with 
 a view to punish the agressors ; which in their practical efi'ects, did more 
 damage to the commerce of the Eastern States than all the confiscations of 
 England and the continental powers combined. The first of these meas- 
 ures was the Embargo Act, in 1807, by which vessels were forbidden to 
 go to any foreign port whatever. For contravention of this act, the own- 
 ers and shippers were liable to a suit for double the value of the vessel 
 and cargo, and the master to a fine of not less than $1000 for every 
 offence ; and his oath was henceforth inadmissible before any collector of 
 the United States. Thus both the export and import trade were killed at 
 one blow. 
 
 Against this highly oppressive act, Haverhill, and many other towns, 
 memorialized, and with such effect, that in March, 1809, the embargo was 
 repealed, though all trade and intercourse with France and England were 
 interdicted. 
 
 The year 1808 seems to have been selected for a general rebuilding 
 and repairing of bridges in the town. The Haverhill Bridge was rebuilt 
 this year. Instead of three, it was rebuilt with four arches, supported 
 61 
 
482 filSTORT OF HAVERHIli. 
 
 by three massive stone piers, the stones of which are firmly fastened witi 
 iron. The draw, which should have heen continued over the channel, was 
 placed close to the Haverhill shore, and reduced to twenty-eight feet ia 
 width, — a circumstance now much regretted, and likely to call for some 
 change ere many years. But few bridges can compare with this for dura- 
 bility, or strength. The immense masses of ice that are annually borne 
 down the river with tremendous force, have no other effect upon the noble 
 structure than to cause a slight tremulous motion. 
 
 Little Kiver bridge was also rebuilt this year, and several others, at an 
 expense to the town of more than $2,000.='' 
 
 In 1809, the right to fish in the several streams in the town, were sold 
 at vendue, and this continued to be annually done so long as the privileges 
 were worth purchasing, f 
 
 The following, which we copy from the Merrimack. Intelligencer, of this 
 place, under date of July 22, 1809, shows that weather was as un- 
 manageable fifty years ago, as at present : — 
 
 " Eain. — We believe the oldest person living never knew two such severe 
 storms, in the month of July, as we have witnessed these two weeks past. 
 In consequence of the great rains that have fallen, our river has already 
 risen to an unusual height, and still continues rising ; and we apprehend 
 much injury may be done in the country, especially as it happened at a 
 season when the farmer most needs the warm influences of the sun." 
 
 The warrants for the annual town meetings at this time run " to such 
 as pay one single tax besides the poll or polls assessed, equal to two-thirds 
 of a single poll tax ; " and for the meetings to choose Eepresentatives, 
 &c., they were directed to all male inhabitants of twenty-one years old 
 and upwards, possessing a freehold estate of an annual income of at least 
 three pounds, or any estate of the value of sixty pounds. 
 
 At the annual meeting in 1810, the train-band applied to the town to 
 increase their allowance of powder, for muster days, but the town seems 
 to have considered four ounces a sufficient amount for such sport, and re- 
 fused to increase it. 
 
 The Haverhill Light Infantry was organized on the 26 th of May, and 
 Jesse Harding was elected Captain. One of the articles of its constitution 
 
 o Little Eiver bridge cost $l,8g7.49 ; and Creek Bridge $346.84. The town debt, in March, 1809, xr&e. 
 $1,431.12. 
 
 t In 1S14, there were four privileges sold, viz. : — atEzekiel Hale's bridge, at Thomas Duston's meadow, 
 at Enoch Bradley's mill-pond, and a privilege near John Carleton, Jr.'s. The total amount paid for 
 them was fifty-four dollars. It was a part of the contract that the town's people were to be supplied for 
 their own use, at twenty-flve cents per hundred. In 1815, the privileges sold for $91.35 ; in 1816, $46.25 ; 
 in 1817, $36.25 ; in 1820, $21.33. 
 
HISTOHY Ol- HAVERHILL. 483 
 
 directed that, if any of its members should be removed by death, bis body 
 should be consigned to the grave with military honors. On the 6th of May, 
 1823, an elegant standard was presented to the Company by the ladies of 
 the village, through the hands of Miss Polly Dow, accompanied with a 
 pertinent address. 
 
 Mirick, in speaking of the company in 1832, says: — "There are but 
 few independent Companies in the Commonwealth whose military conduct 
 is more praiseworthy, and whose evolutions are more correct. The Com- 
 pany is furnished with tents and every other necessary requisite for a 
 fatigue march. In 1831, it established an armory, at an expense of over 
 five hundred dollars ; and the accoutrements are there kept in the neatest 
 iind most perfect order." 
 
 The armory referred to was located in the fourth story of the Bannister 
 Block, directly over the Essex Banner oifice. The company disbanded in 
 1841. Their successors, the " Hale Guards," fully sustain the high mili- 
 tary reputation of the town.'-- 
 
 The ship-building business of the town appears to have reached its high- 
 est point this year. Nine vessels were built, which is the largest number 
 built in any one year, so far as we can learn. 
 
 In August, a stage commenced running between Haverhill and Salem, 
 making two trips per week. Morse & Fox were the proprietors. This 
 line continued to run until the opening of direct railroad communication 
 between the two places. 
 
 At a meeting called for that purpose, in 1811, a petition was received 
 from David Chase, and others, to allow Thomas Johnson " to take water 
 out of the Great Pond, so-called, to said Johnson's Mill," but the request 
 was not acted upon. The proposition was to tap the pond at its north- 
 easterly point, — a short distance east of the Kenoza House. 
 
 On the 8 th of May, of the same year, a Bradford seine caught seven 
 hundred and fifty-five shad, at one haul, which was said to have been the 
 greatest haul for the forty years previous. It is almost, if not quite, 
 within the bounds of truth to say, that the above number is nearly as 
 many as one of our seines now average for a whole season. 
 
 In the Merrimack Intelligencer, of February, 1812, we find the follow- 
 Interesting item : — 
 
 " The Russian Brick Stoves have recently been introduced in Salem, 
 and promise to make a great saving in the important article of fuel. A 
 
 ° Since the above was written, the company have dropped the first part of their name, and are now 
 known simply as " The Guards." 
 
484 HISTORY OF HAVEKHILL. 
 
 handsome one has been built in the Essex Bank, two in a meeting house, 
 and others in private buildings. They were introduced by Capt Towne, 
 from Eevel." 
 
 The introduction of the above kind of stoves seems to have directed 
 attention to the importance of improvement in the prevalent modes of 
 heating buildings, and we find that it was not long before the inventions 
 of ingenious Yankees completely eclipsed the uncouth Eussian apparatus^ 
 in every respect. The introduction of cast-iron stoves for simple warming 
 purposes, was soon followed by stoves designed not only for warming dwel- 
 lings, but for cooking purposes. The latter were at first rather expensive 
 luxuries, and could only be afforded by the most wealthy people. The 
 first cooking stove in the East Parish, was purchased by Dr. Weld ; the 
 second by Colonel John Johnson. They cost $75 each, and though not 
 very large, were each a good lift for four men. Cooking stoves could 
 hardly be said to have been common, until about 1830. 
 
 The first musical society in the town, of which we can find any mention,, 
 was organized in April, 1812, J. Hovey, Secretary. It was called the 
 " Haverhill Musical Society," and its object was stated to be " to improve 
 in Sacred M\isic."='' The first singing-school appears to have been kept 
 by Samuel W. Ayer, in the old first parish school-house, commencing in 
 December of the same year.f 
 
 The year 1812 opened with the gloomy prospect of a second war with 
 England. Continued depredations upon our commerce, impressment of 
 American seamen, and insults to our flag, had forced home the unwelcome 
 conviction that our honor required a resort to arms. 
 
 On the 4th of April, Congress passed a ninety days embargo act, and 
 vigorous measures were adopted to protect our national rights. In May, 
 a recruiting rendezvous was opened in this town, at Greenleaf 's Tavern, 
 and " men of Patriotism, Courage, and Enterprise," were called upon to 
 enlist in the United States service. On the 19th of June, war was for- 
 mally declared. Though there was a strong feeling of opposition to the 
 war, our town seems to have considered it their duty to sustain the gen- 
 eral government in the matter, and at a meeting called a few weeks later, 
 (July 20) it was voted to give such of the inhabitants as should enlist, 
 while in actual service, ten dollars per .month, including the wages allowed 
 by the general government. How many persons enlisted in this town, we 
 are unable to say, but the number was quite large. J 
 
 ® The Society was in existence in 1814, and perhaps later. 
 
 •f Ayer kept in the same place the next year. 
 
 I The Massachusetts Muster Rolls, for the AVar of 1812, are now at Washington. The Secretary of the 
 Commonwealth has, however, been instructed to take measures to have them returned, and we hope that 
 they will ere long be again deposited in ouj State Archives. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 483 
 
 During tlie next two years, the war was prosecuted with varying suc- 
 cess ; but in the summer of 1814, more vigorous measures were adopted. 
 
 On the 25th of July, 1814, Colonel John Johnson (of East Haverhill) 
 received orders to draft from his regimen t-^ a sergeant, corporal, and thir- 
 teen privates, to march to Newburyport immediately, armed and equipped, 
 with blankets and three days provisions. The names of those drafted at 
 this time from the three companies of regular militia in this town, we are 
 not able to give. From the Light Infantry company, one person was 
 drafted, James H. Duncan, who hired a substitute. This company had 
 already voted, imanimously, to march with full ranks, whenever called 
 upon. 
 
 September 9th, Colonel Johnson received the following orders: — 
 "Brigade Orders 
 
 Newbury Sept 9, 1814. 
 
 Pursuant to General orders of the 6th, and Division orders of this day, 
 you will hold the regiment under your Command in constant readiness to 
 march at a moment's warning, & every man must furnish himself with a 
 good knapsack & Blankets, before Inspection. 
 
 You will order the Company of Light Infantry belonging to your 
 regiment,! to march immediately to Boston, completely armed and equip- 
 ped. On their arrival at Boston, they will be furnished with rations. 
 
 You will also order out your regiment for Inspection by Companies, on 
 Tuesday, the 13 th inst, at 2 oclk P M, and all deficiencies must be imme- 
 diately supplied. 
 
 You will appoint regiment and order company alarm posts to be 
 appointed where it has not already been done, and in all respects carry 
 into execution the Division orders Inclosed. 
 
 Pr order of Gen Stickney, 
 
 Col Johnson . ^^^'^ ^^^^'^^ ] ^'S R ^^ti'' 
 
 5th Eegt." 
 
 The above orders were received on Saturday evening, (September 10th) 
 and the members of the Light Infantry were immediately notified to 
 assemble on the "Church green" at the close of the afternoon services the 
 next day. They met accordingly, and decided to take carriages as far as 
 Charlestown. Early on Monday morning, the company paraded with full 
 ranks, and marched to the Bradford meeting-house, where they had car- 
 
 ** Colonel Johnson's regiment consisted of the companies of Infantry in Haverhill and Methuen. 
 t The Haverhill Light Infantry. 
 
486 
 
 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 riages in waiting to convey them to Charlestown. On arriving at tlie lat- 
 ter town, they immediately took up the line of march for South Boston, 
 their place of destination. As the company passed up State Street, their 
 fine martial bearing won the highest compliments from the crowds which 
 lined the street, and cheers upon cheers greeted them. They received the 
 credit of heing the best disciplined volunteer company called out. 
 
 Below we give the names of the officers and members of the company : 
 " Company roll of Capt. Samuel W. Duncan's Company of Light In» 
 fantry, in the fifth Eegiment Second Brigade and Second Division. 
 
 John Atwood 'V 
 Fredei-ic S. Ayer ) „ , 
 
 Leonard Messor T ° 
 Saml Gardner Jun J 
 
 Samuel W. Duncan Capt. 
 Nathan Burrell Lieut. 
 Thos Newcomb Ensign, 
 Nathaniel Emerson 
 Joseph Coffin 
 Saml M. Johnson 
 Phineas Carleton" 
 William White 
 Peter Smith 
 Nathan Emerson 
 Jere Stickney 2d 
 Ephraim E. Laks 
 Ezekiel Hale Jr 
 Samuel Hale 
 Christopher Hale 
 William Townsend 
 Isaac Averill 
 
 Musicians 
 
 John Davis 
 John Folansbee 
 James H. Duncanf 
 Henry Briggs 
 Henry Emerson 
 Bailey Bartlett Jr 
 Thomas West Jr 
 John Nesmith 
 John Trumbull 
 Calvin W. Howe 
 
 Rufus P. Hovey 
 Joseph Merrick 
 William Swett 
 Caleb S. Cushion 
 Thomas M. Greenough 
 Dudley Porter 3d 
 Samuel Noyes 
 Eleazer A. Porter 
 Wm P. Loring 
 Samuel Curwen. 
 
 Andrew Frink 
 
 During their stay in South Boston, the company were quartered in 
 a brick house between the bridge and the " Heights." They remained 
 in service until October oOth, when they marched hoine, arriving in Hav- 
 erhill the next day. 
 
 The same day that the Light Infantry marched for South Boston, a town 
 meeting was held, and the town generously and patriotically voted to pur- 
 chase arms and equipments for all those of the militia who should be 
 ordered into actual service, and who were unable to purchase for them- 
 selves. Surely we may be pardoned if we again point to the earnest, 
 consistent, and never faltering devotion of our town to the work of 
 achieving, and sustaining, our National Independence. As at the first, so 
 at the last, they were ready, at every call, to sacrifice their treasure and 
 their lives, for their country's liberty and honor. Though, as we have 
 said, many of its inhabitants condemned this second war with England, as 
 
 » Carleton did not march with his company, but paid his fine. 
 
 t Duncan haying akeady been drafted, and furnished a substitute, did not march with his company. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVEKHILIi. 487 
 
 uncalled for, and ill-advised ; and though towns all ahout it had passed, 
 and were passing, resolutions of censure and disapproval ; yet no sooner 
 had a call been made for soldiers, than the town met at a short twenty-four 
 hours notice, and generously voted, in- substance, that no man's poverty 
 shoidd bar his patriotism ! 
 
 A few days after the Light Infantry were ordered out, an order came 
 (September 19) for a detachment of the militia "to march instantly to 
 Beverly." The following named immediately marched : — 
 
 From the company of Captain Daniel Appleton, Jr., were 
 John Chamberlin, Corporal George Cogswell Kobert "W. Eaton. 
 
 "William George Charles Pike 
 
 From the company of Captain Amos Ordway, were 
 Hazen Kimball, Sergt Thomas Wood John Simons. 
 
 John Underbill, Corp Benjamin Mills 
 
 From the company of Joseph Webster 3d, were 
 David Currier Sergt John Atwood Jonathan Corliss. 
 
 Amos Wheler 
 
 The most vigorous measures were adopted for the defence of our sea-coast. 
 Alarm posts were established in every town, at which the companies were 
 to assemble on the prospect of any immediate danger, and in case of an 
 invasion, those nearest were to toll a bell ; on which the militia were to 
 appear, perfectly armed and equipped. Many British armed vessels were 
 from time to time seen hovering on the coast, and added not a little to the 
 general excitement and alarm. 
 
 The news of Napoleon's abdication, and the success of the allies, was 
 soon after followed by the intelligence that a treaty of peace had been con- 
 cluded between the United States and Great Britain,* and caused great 
 rejoicing among all classes. Business soon resumed its natural channels, 
 and prosperity again smiled through the whole length and breadth of the 
 land. 
 
 That the news of the peace gladdened the hearts of the people of Hav- 
 erhill, plainly appears from the following account of their celebration of 
 the event. We copy it from the Merrimack Intelligencer, a newspaper 
 published in town at the time. The celebration took place February 22d, 
 1815: — 
 
 "Celebration of the Peace. — On the 24:th of December last a 
 Treaty of Peace between the United States and Great Britain was conclu- 
 ded at Ghent, by the British and American Commissioners ; on the 28th 
 of the same month it was ratified on the part of Great Britain, and on 
 
 " The treaty was ratified by the President February 17, 1815. 
 
488 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 the 18tli of the present month received the signature of the President 
 of the U. States. His Proclamation announcing the complete ratification 
 of the Treaty on both sides, reached this place on Tuesday, the 21st.* This 
 pmt to flight the fears and doubts which some had entertained, in regard 
 to the reception the Treaty might meet with at Washington. 
 
 The grateful tidings were welcomed by loud and repeated huzzas ; by 
 the peal of bells and the thunder of Artillery and Musketry. The coun- 
 tenances of our citizens were universally brightened with joy, Wednesday 
 being the anniversary sally of that glorious day which gave to the Ameri- 
 can people their political Saviour, was unanimously fixed upon for the 
 purpose of commemorating the inexpressibly auspicious event which has 
 so suddenly difi"used a cheering light over the clouded aspect of our coun- 
 try. At sunrise bells and cannon began to speak our joy ; and excepting 
 short intervals, continued their animating eloquence through the day. 
 Flags were flying in difi'erent parts of the town, — the stores were gener- 
 ally shut — and the inhabitants one and all, gave themselves to pleasure. 
 At 10 o'clock a procession was formed at the Bridge, and arranged by the 
 Marshals of the day. Majors Duncan, "White, and Harding, in the fol- 
 lowing order : 
 
 First Marshal, 
 
 Haverhill Light Infantry 
 
 attended with a Band of Music, 
 
 Magistrates of the Town, 
 
 Justices of the Peace, 
 
 Clergy, 
 
 Military Officers, 
 
 Marshal, 
 
 Citizens, 
 
 Marshal. 
 
 The Procession having first moved through the street parallel to the 
 river proceeded to the Eev. Mr. Dodge's Meeting House, where the Treaty 
 of Peace was read to a crowded and attentive assembly, and the throne of 
 Grace successively addressed, in a solemn and interesting manner, by the 
 Eev. Mr. Dodge and the Eev. Mr. Bachelder, rendering thanksgiving and 
 praise to the Almighty Director of human events that he had graciously 
 permitted our distressed country to repose from the tumult and horrors of 
 war. 
 
HTSTOUT or HATERHILL. 4&9 
 
 Tie audience was gratified also with the performance of several pieces 
 •of music happily selected for the occasion. After religious services the 
 procession returned to the bridge, where some difficult evolutions were 
 liandsomely performed, and a feu de joie fired by the Light Infantry. 
 
 In the evening the town exhibited one universal blaze of splendor. 
 Almost every house and store in town, and the dwelling houses of Mr. 
 Chadwick on the opposite side of the river were brightly illuminated. 
 
 In many windows the lights were so disposed as to form distinct and 
 beautiful figures. Where all was excellent it is difficult to discriminate ; 
 but were we to decide, we should say that the houses of Major Duncan, 
 Dr. Saltonstall, Sheriff Bartlett, and Hon. Leonard AVhite, were particu- 
 larly distinguished for their brilliancy and beauty. Numerous beautiful 
 transparencies, with appropriate mottoes and decorations, were exhibited 
 in various places. The streets were constantly thronged with people. 
 During the evening, a highly illuminated structure having, for its base, a 
 large arch bearing th^ inscription " Peace"" in large capitals, — and this 
 arch surmounted by several small towers rising and diminishing to a point, 
 — and from every part declaring in ' expressive silence ' the sentiments of 
 the people, was borne through tbe streets, accompanied by a band, of 
 music. The lights were extinguished at nine o'clock, and the evening was 
 ■closed with the display of fireworks from the BridgCo" 
 62 
 
499 HlSTOKY OF HAVERHILt, 
 
 CHAPTEE XXVI. 
 
 1815 TO 1840. 
 
 A HISTORY of tlie rise and progress of the stoe manufacturing business 
 in this town, includes, to a very great extent, the history of the town 
 itself, from the close of the war of 1812, until the present time. But as it 
 seems most proper that we should consider this branch of our town's in- 
 dustry by itself, we propose, in this and the next chapter, to make note 
 only of such other matters as seem worthy of special mention in a work 
 of this kind and extent ; and, in the chapter immediately following, give 
 our attention exclusively to the business and business growth of the town 
 during the period above mentioned. 
 
 The Merrimack Intelligencer, for Februaiy — , 1815, notes the death of 
 John Green, •' the oldest man in town." 
 
 In 1815, the " old Ferry Way " was laid out as a public town landing, 
 about fourteen rods in width. The same year the East Parish central 
 school district was erected, making in all seven school districts in the 
 town, viz. : one each in the First and North Parishes, three in the West 
 Parish, and two in the East Parish. The year previous, each district waa 
 required to choose a clerk, to keep a regular record of its proceedings. 
 
 The large pile of buildings known as the Bannister Block, were erected 
 this season. The two western stores were owned by David How, the next 
 two by James Duncan, Esq., and the remainder by Wm. B. Bannister, 
 Esq., of Newburyport. The twenty inch brick walls, and massive floor 
 timbers of these stores, present a striking contrast when compared with 
 the light and elegant structures of more recent times. 
 
 One ship, The Thorn, was launched this year. She had been sleeping 
 on the stocks nearly all the time of the war. After the war, the only ves- 
 sels built in town, were those built at the yard above the bridge. Previous 
 to the war, there were three ship-yards in the village in successful opera- 
 tion, and a large number of persons were employed in the various branches 
 of the business. David Webster built for many years in the yard nearly 
 opposite the cemetery ; Barnard Goodridge in the yard where the house of 
 the late Hon. Leonard White now stands ; and a Mr, Kendrick nearly 
 
HISTOEY OF nAVERHILL. 491 
 
 opposite the foot of How Street. The last vessel built at tlie lower yard, 
 was by Nicholas Colby, for Moses Gale, shortly before the war. The last 
 one built just below the bridge, was The Thorn, launched in 1815, and 
 which had been on the stocks for a long time. It was built by Mr. Good- 
 ridge, who afterward took the yard above the bridge. From this time, 
 _ until 1840, the last named yard was the only one in town, and during 
 the most of that time was in active operation. From about 1835, the 
 business was carried on by Captain William Caldwell, who built in that 
 time five vessels. The last one built by him, (and which was the last one 
 in the town,) was the North Bend, measuring about four hundred tons, 
 and launched November 19th, 1840." The last vessel built at Cottle's 
 Creek, was probably the one built by Thomas Cottle, in 1752. The last 
 built at the Eocks' Village, was about the year 1800, or perhaps a little 
 earlier. 
 
 Although but few vessels have been built in this town since the war of 
 1812, large quantities of ship timber have, until within a few years, been 
 ■ annually sent from here to supply the yards of Salisbury, Newburyport, 
 and other places. Small quantities continue to be annually sent down the 
 river, but the supply is nearly exhausted, and the business must soon 
 cease altogether. 
 
 The 23d of September, 1815, will long be remembered for the violence 
 of a gale since called the " September Gale." It commenced about nine 
 o'clock in the morning, in this town, and continued till two in the after- 
 noon. The air was filled with the limbs of trees, leaves, and a salt spray 
 blown from the Ocean, which encrusted the east side of the buildings, and 
 there remained for some days. The water in the river tasted extremely 
 brackish ; and the east side of many trees which withstood the fury of the 
 gale, were killed with the salt spray, as is supposed. 
 
 Many of our readers will doubtless recollect the vivid poetic description 
 of this memorable gale, which appeared soon after. The following speci- 
 men verses are all we can afford room for in this place : — • 
 " It chanced to be our Washing Day ; — 
 
 The clothes M-ere all a drying ; 
 The stormy winds came through the lines, 
 
 And set 'em all a flying. 
 I saw the shirts and petticoats 
 Go riding off like witches ; 
 That day I lost, — ah, how I wept — 
 I lost — my Sunday breeches." 
 
 * Capt. Caldwell was for many years one of our most active and enterprising business men. He died 
 in January, 1842, aged 59. 
 
492' HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 As early as 1797, the attention of the towns "bordering on the Merri- 
 mack was directed to the obstructions in the river, which interfered with 
 its navigation above this village ; and a subscription was stai'ted for the 
 purpose of rendering the river navigable for boats and rafts as far as Paw- 
 tucket falls. Newburyport subscribed upwards of $1,2G0, and this town 
 and others united in the project, but the full importance of the plan seems 
 not to have been realized, and the scheme was abandoned. About the 
 year 1815, the subject was again agitated, and it was proposed to cut a 
 canal from Hunt's Falls (Pawtucket Falls) to the Little Eiver in this 
 town. The merchants of Newburyport and of this town took hold of the 
 matter in earnest, and in May, 1816, an act of incorporation was obtained 
 for a company, under the name of " Proprietors of an Association for 
 Clearing and Locking the Falls in the river Merrimac." A survey was 
 made by Laomi Baldwin, and it was found that there was only about 
 forty to forty-two feet fall between the two points. The estimated cost 
 was $240,000. ' A subscription was opened which finally reached about 
 $130,000, and for several years the enterprise was pushed forward vigor- 
 ously. B»ut finding it impossible to raise the sum necessary by subscrip- 
 tions, a proposition was made to establish a bank, and invest $100,000 of 
 its capital in the proposed canal. For this purpose, application was made 
 to the General Court, in 1826, for a charter, under the name of The Canal 
 Bank ; but the Middlesex canal drew the favor of the Legislature from 
 the object, and thus a large portion of the inland trade was diverted 
 from its most natural channel, to build up Boston. Had the plan suc- 
 ceeded, it was expected that Haverhill would have become a large manu- 
 facturing city, and Newburyport a place of extensive commercial 
 importance. 
 
 The summers of 1816 and 1817 were unusually cold, and were followed 
 by very early frosts, by which most of the small corn crop was destroyed. =■■' 
 
 In the fall of 1816, a violent wind passed over some of the neighbor- 
 ing towns, and over the westerly part of this. The house of Ladd 
 Haseltine was demolished, and his son, Jonathan, was killed by the falling 
 chimney. Some other buildings were also blown down, many others dam- 
 aged, and fences and trees prostrated. 
 
 In the spring of 1818, occurred one of the most remarkable freshets 
 recorded in the history of the Merrimack towns. The snow had been 
 suddenly melted by a violent rain, and the water rushed down the valley 
 
 «> A Mr. Walker, of Peacham, Vt., being lost in the woods on the 8tb of June, and lying out through 
 the night, was so severely frost bitten as to require the amputation of one of his great toes ! 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 493 
 
 of the Merrimack with the greatest fury, tearing up the ice, which was 
 nearly two feet thick, with the noise and convulsions of an earthquake. 
 Driven into immense dams, the ice rolled and flew about in every possible 
 direction. The river was raised twenty-one feet above common high water 
 mark ; the country around inundated ; buildings were removed, and de- 
 stroyed ; cattle and sheep drowned ; and ruin spread on every side. The 
 noble bridge across the Merrimack at the Eocks' Village, became a total 
 wreck, and its fragments were soon lost to sight in the angry and resist- 
 less flood. The appalling sublimity of "the great freshet of 1818," will 
 never be forgotton by those who witnessed its desolating march. 
 
 In 1818, the town treasurer was made collector of taxes, and discounts 
 were allowed for voluntary payments to him, similar to those made at the 
 present time. After the taxes were made out and delivered to the treas- 
 urer, he was to advertise the fact, and all who voluntarily paid their tax 
 within thirty days, were allowed a discount of six per cent. ; those who 
 paid within sixty days, were allowed four per cent. ; and on those paid 
 within one hundred and twenty days, the discount was two per cent. 
 Those not paid within one hundred and twenty days, were passed over to 
 the collector, who was obliged to collect them within three months, or pay 
 them himself. 
 
 The same year. Pleasant Street was laid out; and "Pecker's Lane" 
 widened. Winter Street was then known as " the back road to Hale's 
 Mills." 
 
 In March, (1818) a stage company was organized in town, under the 
 name of " The Haverhill and Boston Stage Company," with a capital of 
 $4,200, and went into immediate operation. In 1831, their capital had 
 increased to $28,900. It continued until the opening of railroad commu- 
 nication with Boston, in 1837, when the name was changed to " The 
 Northern and Eastern Stage Company." The introduction of the easy 
 and rapid-moving railway car, with its tireless " iron horse," soon super- 
 ceded, to a large extent, the lumbering stage-coach, with its horses of 
 flesh ; and the latter rapidly withdrew beyond the reach of its powerful 
 rival, — as the red man withdrew from the presence of the " pale face," 
 — to find a temporary resting-place around the borders of the higher 
 civilization. 
 
 As we have already seen, the attention of the town had frequently been 
 directed to the importance of finding out the most consistent and econom- 
 ical plan for supporting their poor, and several methods had been tried, 
 and abandoned. In 1817, the subject again came up for consideration, and 
 a committee was chosen to consider the propriety of purchasing or hireing a 
 
494 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL 
 
 poor-Loiise. The matter continued in abeyance until 1820, when the 
 town voted to purchase the farm of Thomas Cogswell, situated ahout a 
 mile and three-fourths east of the bridge, for that purpose. The price 
 paid was $1,500, and a further sum of $500 was appropriated for stock 
 and utensils. Various additions and improvements have from time to time 
 been made to the land and buildings, until our "Town Farm "is now 
 among the best in the Commonwealth. 
 
 Previous to 1820, taxes were abated only in town meetings, but in that 
 year the assessors and selectmen were invested with power to abate such 
 as they deemed it just and proper should be abated. The same power is 
 still vested in the assessors. 
 
 About the same time the selectmen were annually granted power to 
 draw jurymen, without, as before, calling a town meeting for that pur- 
 pose. 
 
 From the report of a committee, chosen to re-bound what is now called 
 Main Street, we learn that it was at this time (1820) ^nown as " Broad 
 Street." The name of " Water Street " appears to have been applied to 
 the whole of the river street from Little Eiver bridge to Mill Brook, 
 Little Eiver Bridge was designated as " West Bridge."* Among the 
 names of streets at this time, we find How Street, Primrose road. Pecker 
 road, Sargeant's road, and Jew Street. 
 
 In 1820, a convention was called for the purpose of revising the State 
 Constitution. The delegates from this town to the convention, were, 
 Bailey Bartlett, Moses Wingate, and Charles White. 
 
 The Fourth of July, 1821, was celebrated in quite a patriotic manner 
 by the citizens of this town. A procession was formed at Masonic Hall, 
 on Water Street, and marched to "Piev. Mr. Dodge's Meeting House," 
 where the Declaration of Independence was read by James Duncan, Esq., 
 and an oration delivered by James H. Duncan, Esq. After the exercises 
 at the meeting-house, the procession re-formed, and marched to " Kendall's 
 Hotel," where a bountiful dinner was properly disposed of, followed by 
 patriotic toasts. In the evening there was a display of fireworks, the 
 programme for which we copy in full from the Haverhill Gazette of June 
 30th, 1821: — 
 
 " In the evening there will be a display of Fireworks in front of the 
 Eev. Mr. Dodge's Meetinghouse, to commence at 9 o'clock, in the follow- 
 ing order: — Part 1st. Eockets. A Wheel. A Shower of Eockets. 
 
 o Little Kiver was fonnerly called West Eiver, in distinction from the principal stream in the East 
 Parish, which was known as East Eiver. The name Little Eiver appears to have been taken from the 
 Indian deed of the town, where it is used to distinguish this stream from the Great River, 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILl,. 495 
 
 Cupid's escape from a Hornet's nest. Rockets, Part 2d. A AVheel. 
 Hockets. A Wheel. A Shower of Rockets. Cupid's escape from a 
 Hornet's nest." 
 
 In December of the same year, a clock was placed in the tower of the 
 Pirst Parish meeting-house. When the new edifice was erected, in 1837, 
 the clock was repaired and placed in its tower, at the town's expense, where 
 it continued to mark the passing hours until, with the building itself, it 
 was consumed by fire, January 1, 1847. 
 
 In 1821, the Second Baptist Society was organized, and a neat and 
 commodious house of worship erected the following year. 
 
 In 1823, the First Universalist Society was organized, and two years 
 later, a new brick meeting-house was erected for their use, on Summer 
 street. 
 
 In 1824, a brick chapel was erected for the Christian Society, on Wash- 
 ington square, and completed in the fall of that year. 
 
 An indication of the growth of the town about this time, is also found 
 in the number of new streets laid out and accepted. In 1824, How, 
 Pleasant, Spring, and Stage streets were accepted ; and Summer street 
 extended to Kent's lane. AVhat is now Stage street was formerly known 
 as Colby's lane, from a Mr. Colby, a tanner, who lived on the south-east 
 corner of the street. His tan-yard was a few rods up the street, on the 
 east side. John AVoodman succeeded Colby in his business, and continued 
 to use the yard until he purchased the Mill street property, after which 
 the pits were taken up, and the place transformed into a garden. 
 
 After the Rocks' Bridge was carried away, in 1818, the town leased the 
 old ferry at that place to Col. John Johnson, at a rent of ^44 a year. 
 The town of West Newbury also leased the ferry to other parties, claim- 
 ing at least an equal share in it with this town. After considerable 
 negotiation and delay, the matter was finally settled, in 1825, by each 
 town leasing its right to the same person. 
 
 In 1825, the Haverhill bridge was repaired and covered ; since which 
 time it has undergone but little change, excepting the addition of an out- 
 side foot-jDath on the east side, some improvements in the draw, and the 
 insertion of extra timbers in the arches. 
 
 In February, 1826, a remarkable influenza prevailed in many of the 
 towns in Xew England, and even in the middle and southern States. In 
 this town, many whole families were confined to their houses. The editor 
 of the Gazette, for February 25, reports that four of his printers were on 
 the sick list, and the paper was only got out through the assistance of a 
 hand from Boston. In Newburyport, it was estimated, three out of every 
 
496 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 five families were more or less afflicted ; and in Boston, at least ttree 
 thousand persons were suffering from the disorder. 
 
 The proposition for a division of Essex County was again agitated ahout 
 this time, and, in April, 1826, this town took a formal vote upon the 
 matter. Although two hundred and forty-one votes were cast in town for 
 a Governor that year, only sixty-four votes were polled upon the above 
 proposition, and but nine of that small number were in favor of a division. 
 The county was not divided. 
 
 Toward the latter part of July, 1826, the people of the town were not 
 a little excited by the reports of several well known persons that a " wild 
 man" had been seen in the woods in the town, who always fled when 
 discovered. Supposing that it must be a man named Andrew Frink, who 
 had, about two weeks previously, suddenly disappeared, in a fit of insan^ 
 ity, and for whose recovery a general turn-out and search of the town had 
 been already made, a large hunting party was made up, and after a long 
 search, and great exertions, succeeded in finding and capturing the man. 
 He proved not to be Mr. Frink, but literally a wild man of the woodSv 
 It was supposed from his appearance that he was some unfortunate, who> 
 having perhaps met with disappointment in life, had, in a fit of insanity, 
 fled from society.'-' 
 
 On AVednesday, August 1st, of the same year, there was a great fall of 
 hail in the easterly part of the town. It appeared as if two clouds met 
 at the Great Pond, and then swept round by the East Parish meetings 
 house leaving a track of about one mile wide, in which the ground was 
 literally covered with hail. The trees, corn, and grass were badly dam* 
 aged, and several persons severely pelted with the hail-stones. Some idea 
 of the quantity of hail that fell may be gathered from the fact that eight 
 days afterward, Mr Daniel Johnson picked up, from a heap then two and 
 a half feet high, a basket of the hail-stones, and carried them to the vil- 
 lage for exhibition. The pile was found at the foot of a hill, from which 
 the stones had rolled against the fence. "When first seen the pile was so 
 high as to cover the fence. Heaps of the hail were visible eleven days 
 afterward ; although exposed to the full heat of an August sun. 
 
 In 1826, two maiden ladies, Lydia and Abigail Marsh, both natives 
 and residents of the town, gave half an acre of land, on the north side 
 of what is now Winter Street, as a site for an Academy. The fine brick 
 structure now occupied for our High School was at once erected, and was 
 
 « The body of Mr. Frink was found, about six weeks after his disappearance, in " Snow's Brook," 
 (Fishing River) about two miles north-west ft-om the village. As he disappeared while in the delirium of 
 a fever, it was supposed that he stumbled and fell into the brook, and was too weak to rise again. 
 
HISTOKY OF HAVERHILL. 497 
 
 formally dedicated on the 30th of April, 1827, and opened as an Academy. 
 Among the dedicatory exercises, were an oration by Hon. Leverett Salton- 
 stall, of Salem, and an original ode, by John Gr. Whitticr, of this town. 
 The building is two stories high, sixty-two feet in length, thirty-three feet 
 in breadth, has a cupola, and is furnished with a superior toned bell. 
 The Institution was incorporated the same year, and from that time, until 
 1841, continued in successful operation. In the latter year, the First 
 District High School was organized, and the Academy building leased for 
 its use. 
 
 This mention of the Academy, and its plain but really elegant building, 
 will doubtless awaken a variety of emotions among our readers. Many will 
 remember the pleasant scenes and incidents of their academic years, and 
 their eye will moisten as they think of the havoc which Old Time has 
 made among their class-mates. Some were called early to rest ; others 
 battled manfully for a time among the temptations, cares, and checkered 
 fortunes of life, but one by one they have sunk exhausted by the wayside, 
 and but a straggling few remain to drop a tear to their memory. The large 
 and pleasant Hall of the Academy was for many years a favorite place 
 for exhibitions, balls, lectures, and religious meetings. Some will there- 
 fore associate the name with the fascinations and fleeting pleasures of the 
 dance ; while others will remember it as the place where their soul first 
 held communion with its God. And so, whether the reminiscence be 
 pleasant or painful, hundreds whose eye shall meet this page, will pause 
 to recall the scenes they have witnessed, and the hours they have passed, 
 in the old Academy. 
 
 At the annual town meeting in 1827, a change was made in the plan 
 hitherto adopted in relation to the school committees. Instead of having 
 large committees in each of the school districts, a General School Commit- 
 tee, consisting of seven, was chosen, and each district was authorized and 
 directed to choose their own Prudential Committee. At an adjourned 
 meeting, the last part of this proposition was reconsidered, and it was 
 decided that the Prudential Committees should also be chosen by the town. 
 One was thereupon chosen for each district. 
 
 In the Gazette for November 24th, of the above year, we find a notice 
 of the death, in Providence, E. I., of Captain William Baker, a native of 
 this town. Baker worked with Mr. Hall, the distiller, in Cole Lane (now 
 Portland Street) Boston, at the commencement of the Eevolution, and was 
 the first one who obtained information of the intended British expedition 
 to Concord. With the assistance of Mr. Hall, he caused the first infor- 
 mation to be given in the country, by Adjutant Danvers (or Devens). The 
 63 
 
4?8 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 next month, Baker entered tte Continental Service. He was subsequently 
 "breveted as a captain. He retired from the service in 1780, and toward 
 the latter part of his life, was assisted by a pension. 
 
 The carrier of the Gazette, in his address to his patrons, January 1st, 
 1828, informs them that 
 
 " Shad Parish still continues much the same ; 
 
 The unwearied ghost still watches Country Bridge, 
 
 Or stalks, with chattering teeth and eyes of' flame, 
 
 From his old station, up to Peter's Ridge." 
 
 *' Shad Parish was long a sort of nickname for the East Parish, on ac- 
 count of the large quantities of shad caught within its limits. " Peter's 
 Bidge" was the residence of " Black Peter," a negro, and the favorite 
 route of a certain ghost that many of our readers have doubtless heard of, 
 was " from Country Bridge to Peter's Eidge." 
 
 The first Temperance Society formed in this town, — upon the principle 
 of Total Abstinence from intoxicating liquors, — was organized on the 
 5th of February, 1828, under the name of The Society for the promotion 
 of Temperance in Haverhill and vicinity. The circumstances attending 
 its formation were as follows : — 
 
 In the summer of 1827, a Kev. Mr. Hewit delivered a discourse on the 
 subject of intemperance, to a large audience, in the " First Congi-ega- 
 tional " (First Parish) meeting-house in this town. This discourse excited 
 considerable interest and enquiry concerning the proposed plan of refor- 
 mation. In the December following, the Piev. Dr. Edwaids preached in 
 the same place and on the same subject ; and added much to the feeling 
 that had been previously elicited. Not long after, two individuals, Isaac 
 E. How, Esq., and William Savory, incidentally held a conversation on 
 the evils which this part of the community was suffering in consequence 
 of drinking ardent spirits, and finally concluded that it was best to make 
 an attempt to form a Temperance Society in the town and vicinity. After 
 some consideration, they decided to have a meeting called on the next 
 Sabbath evening, at the large chamber of Mr. Jonathan K. Smith, (the 
 usual place for the evening religious meetings of the Baptist Church) pro- 
 vided the latter could be obtained for that purpose. Mr. Smith readily 
 granted the request. Mr. How then wrote a notice, the purport of which 
 was, that all those in Haverhill and vicinity, who might be disposed to 
 adopt some measures for the promotion of temperance, were requested to 
 meet in Mr. Smith's chamber, on Sabbath evening, December 23d, 1827. 
 This notice Mr. Savory carried to .the editor of'the Gazette, A. W. Thayer, 
 Esq., who readily consented to insert it in his paper for two weeks in sue- 
 
aiSTOHY OF HAVERHILti. 499l 
 
 Cftssion. I'he proposition appeared to be well received. Eev. Mr, Keely, 
 the pastor of the Baptist church, advised his church to attend the pro^- 
 posed meeting, and gave notice that it would supercede the usual evening 
 meeting. 
 
 When the appointed time came, gentlemen assembled from Haverhill 
 and Bradford ; and, at a proper time, the Eev. Mr. Peny, of Bradford, 
 was called to the chair, and Mr. Thayer was appointed secretary. After 
 an interchange of opinions, a variety of resolutions were adopted, among 
 which was one declaring that it was expedient to form a temperance 
 society. A committee was thereupon appointed to report a constitution at 
 a subsequent meeting, and an adjournment was made for one week. At 
 the next meeting a constitution was reported and adopted, and the first 
 Tuesday in February was fixed upon as the time when the constitution 
 should be signed and the society organized. Eev, Mr. Perry was invited 
 to prepare an Address for the occasion. When the time arrived, all then 
 present who desired te do so, (some fifteen or twenty) signed the constitu- 
 tion, and the following board of officers were then chosen : -— 
 
 Eev. Gardner B. Perry, President ; Eev. Dudley Phelps, Vice Presi- 
 ■dent; Mr. Abijah W. Thayer, Secretary and Treasurer; Deacon Caleb B. 
 Le Bosquet, Mr. Benjamin Emerson, 2d, Mr. Isaac Morse, and Eliphalet 
 Kimball, Esq., Council; and Captain Ezekiel Hale, Jr., and Mr. Andrew 
 W. Hammond, Auditors, 
 
 After the choice of officers, they repaired to the Baptist Church, where 
 Eev, Mr. Perry delivered his address. Nineteen persons signed the pledge 
 the same evening. 
 
 The first Anniversary Address before the Society, was delivered by Eev. 
 Mr. Phelps, February 8, 1829, and the second, by Charles Otis Kimball, 
 February 7, 1830.- 
 
 The formation of this society, and the discussions and inquiries which 
 followed its operations, caused no little interest, and even excitement, in 
 the town ; and aroused a vigorous opposition to the movement. In conse- 
 quence of the bold and uncompromising stand taken by the secretary, 
 Mr. Thayer, in his Gazette, the circulation of that paper rapidly fell from 
 one thousand down to six hundred copies weekly. But still the work 
 went on. 
 
 March 21-, 1831, the ^'Youth's Temperance Association of Haverhill 
 and Bradford," was organized, and thirty-seven signed the constitution 
 the same evening. Elias T, Ingalls was chosen President, and Moses R 
 Whittier, Secretary, 
 
 ' A society was formed upon the same plan in the easterly part of the town, January 24, 1830, upoa 
 'vhich occasion Rev. Mr. Phelps delivered an address in the Second Baptist Chuxck 
 
500 HISTOKT OP HAVERHILi. 
 
 In 1833, the friends of the temperance moyement nominated a list of 
 town officers, and by printing the votes on blue paper, literally compelled 
 every voter to " show his colors" at the polls. 
 
 Three years later, the large rum distillery then owned by Captain "\Ym. 
 Caldwell, was sold to Alfred Ivittredge, Esq., who took possession on the 
 3d of March, and put out the fires the same night. In 1840, he 
 erected the range of stores known as the " Kittredge Block," on the same 
 site. Nearly all the bricks used in the construction of the entire block 
 of five stores were made, on the spot, from the clay found around the vats 
 of the old distillery. Well might the editor of the Gazette declare that 
 a •'* great change " had taken place in the public sentiment since the dis- 
 tillery was erected, but a few years before. Two years still later, (1842) 
 strong temperance resolutions were adopted in the annual town meeting ; 
 the selectmen were instructed not to grant any licenses for the sale of 
 ardent spirits ; and a special committee of five was chosen to visit all per- 
 sons engaged in the traffic, and endeavor to persuade them to abandon it. 
 If they persisted, prosecution was to follow. Such were some of the ricli 
 fruits of the humble movement, set on foot by two humble individuals. 
 
 In 182S, the steamer Merrimack, Captain Wm. Haseltine, — the first- 
 steamboat on the river, — commenced running between Haverhill and 
 Newburyport. The first trip was made from Haverhill, Tuesday, April 
 8th, 1828. Fare to Newburyport, fifty cents. The Merrimack was built, 
 and mostly owned in this town ; and was fitted with Wadsworth's Safety 
 Steam Engine, the first one of the kind put in any boat. It continued 
 running, though quite irregularly, for several years, when the enterprise 
 was abandoned. 
 
 The Merrimack Bridge, connecting the Bocks' Village with West-New- 
 bury, was completed in the fall of 1828. It is built on Towne's system. 
 It is 900 feet in length, and is supported by four stone piers, and two 
 abutments, each extending some distance from the shore. It has four 
 defensive piers, or sterlings, extending some distance above, and a draw. 
 The bridge is built wholly of plank, except the floor timbers, and is, we 
 believe, one of the earliest built upon that plan. 
 
 About this time the town found itself without any regular place for 
 holding its meetings. The First Parish, in 1827, had voted to charge the 
 town in future thirty dollars a year for the use of their meeting-house ; 
 but having had the free use of it, and its predecessors, since the Parish 
 was first organized (ninety-eight years) the town refused to pay it, and at 
 the next meeting ordered the selectmen to provide some other place. 
 
HISTORY OF nAVERHILi. 60l 
 
 Accordingly, tte September meeting (1828) was held in the West Parish 
 meeting-house ; and the November meeting was held in the meeting-house 
 of the East Parish. This " boxing the compass " was not, however, 
 generally satisfactory, and it was voted that all future meetings should be 
 held in the First Parish, provided the selectmen could procure a suitable 
 place. They next met in the Baptist meeting-chouse, then in the Christian 
 Union chapel, then in the Universalist meeting-house, again in the First 
 Parish, then in Academy Hall, and finally, vibrated between the vestry of 
 the Unitarian (or First Parish) church, and the above-named chapel, 
 until a Town Hall was erected, in 1847. 
 
 In 1829, the Haverhill Institution for Savings was organized, and 
 commenced business in October of the same year. For a more particular 
 account of this excellent Institution, see the appendix to this volume. 
 
 July 14th, of the same year, the Infant School Society was organized. 
 Mrs. James H. Duncan, Mrs. Eufus Longley, Mrs. Isaac E. How, mana- 
 gers ; and Miss Eebecca Smith, instructress. The object of the society was 
 to provide a suitable place, and instruction, for those too young to be 
 admitted to the then ungraded schools. In this they were successful. A 
 neat and convenient building was erected for their use, where the Town 
 Hall now stands, and the school continued to flourish for many years. It 
 was supported by moderate tuition fees, and private subscriptions. 
 
 The Haverhill Lyceum, the first organization of the kind in the town, 
 was formed February 25, 1830, with James H. Duncan, Esq., President, 
 James Gale, Esq., Eecording Secretary, and Isaac E. How, Esq., Corre- 
 sponding Secretary. The object of the association was, to provide for an 
 annual course of lectures, upon literary and scientific topics, to be deliv- 
 ered before the members. _^The courses usually consisted of ten or twelve 
 lectures each, the expenses of which were defrayed by the sale of tickets 
 of admission. The price of the latter was usually one dollar per course 
 of lectures. The Lyceum was kept up, with but few interruptions, until 
 the organization of the Haverhill Athenaeum, in 1852. The latter organ- 
 ization, and its successor, the Haverhill Library Association, have continued 
 to furnish an annual course of popular lectures to the present time. 
 
 In March, 1830, John G-. Whittier, then editor of the Essex Gazette, 
 in this town, issued proposals to publish a History of Haverhill, in one 
 volume, of two hundred pages, duodecimo, price eighty-seven and one-half 
 cents per copy. If the material swelled the volume above two hundred 
 pages, the price was to be one dollar per copy. Friend Whittier soon 
 found that the amount of labor required to compile the work, and the 
 
502 aiSTORY OF HAVERHlLt/k 
 
 limited encouragement offered, were too serious obstacles to be easily 
 surmounted, and the project was abandoned. 
 
 In June, 1831, B. L. Mirick, then a young man employed in the store 
 of Mr. John Dow, as clerk, issued a prospectus for a History of the town^ 
 The book was to contain two hundred pages, and the price fixed was one 
 dollar per copy. It was published the following March. 
 
 Mirick' s History of Haverhill was a small sized octavo volume, of two 
 hundred and twenty-seven pages, embellished with a single engraving, — a 
 lithographic view of Haverhill -— and, although gotten up with evident 
 haste, and under the pressure of other engagements, it was alike creditable 
 to the compiler and the town. It was published by A. W. Thayer, at the 
 office of the Essex Gazette. It is, however, but just to add, that Mirick 
 found a large part of the material used by him, already prepared. Friend 
 Whittier had collected a large amount of valuable matter, which was 
 readily placed in his hands, and the excellent Historical Sketch of Haver- 
 Jiill^ — prepared by Leverett Saltonstall, Esq., for the Massachusetts 
 Historical Society, and published with their proceedings, in 1816, — left 
 him comparatively little to do, except to arrange the material, and supers 
 intend its publication. 
 
 Mirick was a man of considerable literary talent, and wrote some 
 excellent poetry. In 1 832, he was for a few months editor of the Middlesex 
 Telegraph, at Lowell, after which he engaged in the dry goods business* 
 in Boston, and subsequently in Bangor, Maine. 
 
 In 1830, in answer to an order of the General Court, the selectmen 
 were directed to have a correct survey made of the town. This was done 
 the following year, and in 1832, James Gale, Esq., published an excellent 
 lithographic map of the town, from this official survey. The size of the 
 map was eighteen by twenty-nine inches, --* being drawn on a scale of 
 one hundred rods to an inch. It was the first map of the town ever 
 published. 
 
 In the summer of 1831, the inhabitants of the town were greatly 
 alarmed on account of the ravages of mad-dogs in the neighboring towns> 
 and other parts of the State. So serious appeared the danger, that a town 
 meeting was called to consider the matter ; but no definite action was 
 taken, and the excitement soon subsided. 
 
 The death of Joseph Morse, of this town, which occurred September 
 26, 1831, under very peculiar circumstances, seems to call for a special 
 notice in this place. 
 
 Mr. Morse was a man about thirty-seven years of age, of nervous tem» 
 perament, and rather tender constitution of body. He had for a long 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 503 
 
 time been afflicted with palpitation of the heart, which was greatly 
 aggravated by the least excitement, or unusual exercise. For several 
 years he labored under a heavy despondency of mind, — believing that he 
 had "committed the unpardonable sin," — from which he at last emerged, 
 and for about a year before his death, he was in an exceedingly happy 
 and joyous frame of mind. A short time before his death, he informed 
 his brother that he should live but a short time, and rehearsed the manner 
 in which "it had appeared to him " that he should die. He said that he 
 would be called upon to raise the draw of the bridge," to permit a vessel 
 to pass up, and should bleed to death in the act. Nothing could persuade 
 him that this was only the picture of a disordered imagination. He hxew 
 it would he so. ' Early in the morning of September 26 th, a schooner, 
 commanded by Captain Newcomb, of this town, approached the bridge, 
 and sounded a horn, as a signal for the draw to be raised. Mr. Morse 
 was seen to hvirry on to the bridge, and make preparations for raising it. 
 But before he had commenced the actual raising, he was heard to say, 
 "I'm dying;" and on looking up, those on board the vessel distinctly 
 saw the blood pouiing from his mouth in a large stream. Before assist- 
 ance could reach him, he was dead. In the excitement, he had evidently 
 ruptured one of the larger blood-vessels, — already, probably, extensively 
 diseased. 
 
 In 1832, great alarm was felt in the town, on account of the awful 
 ravages of the cholera in the country. The excitement and anxiety at 
 length became so great, that a special town meeting was held on the 28th 
 of July. At this meeting, a health committee of seven persons was chosen 
 with power to visit places, remove nuisances, establish a hospital if neces- 
 sary, and furnish disinfectants. The latter were to be furnished citizens 
 at cost. If the cholera actually appeared in the town, the committee 
 were authorized to send a physician, at the town's expense, to some place 
 where the plague was, or had been, to learn the best modes of treatment. 
 Eesolutions were also passed, urging and requesting all persons to discon- 
 tinue for a time the use of ardent spirits, unless ordered or advised by a 
 physician. Happily the town was passed over by the terrible plague. 
 One or two persons experienced slight attacks, but none died. 
 
 In the summer of 1833, President Jackson paid a visit to New England 
 and was everywhere received with the honors that so justly belong to that 
 exalted station. As he was expected to visit Salem, Lowell, Concord, and 
 other places in the vicinity, a strong desire was manifested to secure a 
 
 " Mr. Morse was toll-keeper at the Rocka* Bridge. 
 
504 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 similar toHor for this town. Accordingly, June 20tli, a town meeting was 
 called, and Ira Noyes and Edwin Harriman were choseu a committee to 
 extend a formal invitation to the President to include Haverhill in the 
 list of favored places. The selectmen, and twelve others, were made a 
 committee of arrangements for the reception, and six were chosen to assist 
 them. The President accepted the invitation, and the citizens vied with 
 each other in efforts to put their houses and streets in holiday array for 
 the occasion. Triumphal arches were erected, flags and banners prepared, 
 buildings decorated, and everything done that ingenuity could devise, or 
 money secure, that it was thought would add to the interest and attrac- 
 tions of the reception. 
 
 Almost at the last hour, and while the whole town were on the tiptoe 
 of pleasant expectation, news came that the President had been taken sud- 
 denly ill at Salem, and had consequently so changed his route, that he 
 could not visit Haverhill ! It was a sad disappointment to the good peo- 
 ple of the town, and it was some time ere they could realize the unwel- 
 come fact that all their pains had been taken for nought. 
 
 About this time, the subject of railway communication with Boston 
 began to receive attention. The great importance and convenience of 
 such a communication was obvious. The completion of a railroad from 
 Andover to the Boston and Lowell railroad, at Wilmington, was already 
 made certain, and brought the matter directly home to the capitalists 
 and business men of Haverhill. The first meeting upon the subject, 
 was held at the Eagle House, January 7th, 1834, — Hon. James H, 
 Duncan, Chairman, Alfred Kittredge, Esq., Secretary. The meeting 
 decided that the road ought to be extended from Andover to Haverhill, 
 and a committee was chosen to explore the route, procure a scientific survey, 
 and petition the Legislature for a charter. The enterprise was pushed 
 forward with vigor. In the fall of 1835, the work of grading between 
 Andover and Haverhill commenced ; in August, 1836, the cars commenced 
 running between Andover and "Wilmington ; and on the 26th of October, 
 1837, the road was formally opened to the Merrimack, at Bradford.'"- The 
 latter was an occasion of great rejoicing in this town. It was celebrated 
 by a free ride of the stockholders over the road, and a splendid collation 
 at Academy Hall, followed by the usual variety of lively and interesting 
 sentiments and speeches.f 
 
 o The road was opened to East Kingston in December, 1839, and soon after to Portland. 
 
 t Believing that it will even now he read with interest, and will he found more and more interesting, 
 as time shall multiply its changes and improvements, we give in full the " Stage Register" for HaverhUl, 
 as published just previous to the opening of the railroad connecting it with Boston : — 
 
HISTORY OJ HAVERHILL. 505 
 
 The first Anti-Slavery Society in this town, was organized April 3d, 
 1834. Hon. Gilman Parker, President; A. W. Thayer, Kecording Secre- 
 tary ; and John Gr. Whittier, Corresponding Secretary.-' This was not 
 long after followed by the organization of a Female Anti-Slavery Society, 
 and, still later, by the organization of similar bodies in other parts of the 
 town. The movement, however, met with considerable opposition, as may 
 be judged from the fact that, in 1835, an anti-slavery meeting was broken 
 up in the town by a mob ! The circumstances were these : — 
 
 A Eev. Mr. May, an " Abolitionist Lecturer," occupied the desk of the 
 First Parish society on a Sabbath afternoon, in August, 1835, and, having 
 engaged the Christian Union Chapel for the purpose, was to deliver an 
 anti-slavery lecture at that place in the evening. The evening meeting 
 was entirely broken up, by a mob outside, who threw sand, gravel, and 
 small stones, against the windows, breaking the glass, and by their hoot- 
 ings, and other noises, frightened the female portion of the audience, and 
 led to the fear,, on the part of all, that more serious assaults would follow, 
 if the meeting was continued. It was, therefore, summarily dissolved. 
 It was, perhaps, fortunate that the latter course was adopted, as a loaded 
 cannon was then being drawn to the spot, to add its thunderings to the 
 already disgraceful tumults of that otherwise quiet Sabbath evening ! 
 
 The Fourth of July, 1835, was observed at the Kocks' Village, in a 
 most enthusiastic manner, by the " Democratic Ecpublicans." A proces- 
 sion, escorted by the Haverhill Light Infantry, marched to the Second 
 
 "STAGE REGISTER. 
 
 " The Haverhill and Boston Accommodation stage. — This stage leaves Haverhill every Monday 
 Wednesday and Friday at 8 o'clock, a. in., and arrives at Boston at 1 o'clock p. m. Returning, leaves the 
 city every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday, at 2 1-2 o'clock p. m., and arrives at Havtrhill same 
 evening. 
 
 " Boston Mail stage leaves Boston every day in the week, Sunday excepted, at half past seven o'clock 
 a. m., and arrives in Haverhill at 12. Returning, leaves Haverhill every day at 1 o'clock, p. m., and 
 arrives in Boston same evening. 
 
 " Salem stage leaves Haverhill for Salem every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday at 1 o'clock p. m. 
 Returning, leaves Salem for Haverhill every Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 7 o'clock a. m., and 
 arrives in Haverhill between 11 and 12. 
 
 " Newburyport stage leaves Newburyport for Haverhill every day at 9 o'clock n. m., and arrives 1-2 
 past 11. Returning, leaves Haverhill every day at 1 o'clock, and arrives in Newburj'port at 4. 
 
 "Lowell and Methuen stage leaves Haverhill every day at 1 o'clock, and arrives at half past 4. Re- 
 turning, leaves Lowell every day at 8 o'clock a. m. and arrives in Haverhill at half past 11. 
 
 "Exeter and Dover stage leaves Haverhill every day at 12 o'clock for Dover and arrives at 6 p. m. 
 Returning, leaves Dover at 7 1-2 o'clock, and arrives in Haverhill at 1 o'clock p. m. every day. 
 
 " Concord Stage leaves Haverhill Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays at 12 o'clock, and arrives at 
 Concord same evening. Returning, leaves Concord Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays, at 7 a. m., and 
 arrives in Haverhill at 1 p. m." 
 
 ° The Essex County Anti-Slavery Society was formed June 10th, 1834 — Rev. Gardner B.Perry, 
 President, and John G. Whittier Corresponding Secretary. The American Anti-Slavery Society wa» 
 organized in May, 1833. 
 
 63 
 
506 HISTOEY OF HAVEBHILL. 
 
 Baptist meeting-house, where an oration was delivered by J. W. Mansur, 
 of Lowell, followed by a dinner under an arbor near the bank of the beau- 
 tiful Merrimack. In the central village, the occasion was noticed by the 
 " Young Men's Temperance Lyceum," An address was delivered in 
 the First Parish meeting-house, by Erastus Brooks, Esq.. followed by a 
 public dinner. 
 
 In the summer of 1835, the brick factory on Winter Street was erected 
 by Ezekiel Hale, Jr., & Son. The building is ninety-five feet in length, 
 by thirty-four feet in breadth, and four stories in height. It was built 
 adjoining the old factory, which was of the same height, and fifty-nine 
 feet in length, by twenty-seven feet in breadth. The whole was intended 
 to run sixteen hundred spindles, turn out six hundred yards of superior 
 scarlet flannel per day, and give emploj-ment to about thirty persons. The 
 factory is now owned and operated by Messrs. Stevens & Co., (who pur- 
 chased it in 1855) and employs about forty persons, turning out about 
 eight thousand yards of excellent flannel per week. 
 
 In the fall of 1835, the town voted to build a *' Work House " at the 
 town farm. It was to be twenty feet square, and two stories in height, 
 with three strong rooms, or cells, (ceiled with three-inch oak plank) on 
 the ground floor, and two rooms in the second story, suitable for workshops. 
 It was erected the following winter, at a cost of $708,80. At the same 
 time, a committee was chosen to petition the General Court for a general 
 or special act, empowering the overseers of the poor to commit to the work- 
 house all persons who receive any assistance from the town, or any of their 
 families. Such an act was passed, and from time to time, persons have 
 been committed in accordance with its provisions. The number of such 
 committals has, however, always been small, and we believe that for sev- 
 eral years past none whatever have been made. 
 
 In January, 1836, the First Universalist Society raised their first bell, 
 making the fourth church-bell then in the village. Previous to about this 
 time, the First Parish bell had been regularly rung daily, at twelve o'clock, 
 M., and nine o'clock, P. M. This was an old custom, and, for aught wo 
 know, was introduced into New England along with the first church-bell. 
 It is still kept up in very many New England towns and cities. Even in 
 Boston, the familiar tone of the." Old South " bell may still be daily 
 heard above the din of the busy streets, calling the multitude from labor, 
 to their mid-day refreshment. In this town, the daily ringing of the bell 
 was regularly kept up until about the time we have mentioned, after which 
 
HISTORY OP • HAVERHILL. 507 
 
 it was done a part of the time only, until, about 1848, it was discontinued 
 altogether, much to the regret of many who cherish the " good old cus- 
 toms of our fathers." 
 
 In November, 1836, Summer Street was extended from Kent to Mill 
 Streets ; and Webster Street was laid out. Both were accepted by the 
 town. 
 
 In the spring of 1837, a census of the town was taken, by the assessors, 
 from which it appears that there was then a population of four thousand 
 seven hundred and twenty-six in the town. The whole number of polls 
 was one thousand four hundred and four. The village contained a popu- 
 lation of two thousand seven hundred and seventy-one, with eight hundred 
 and thirty-one polls ; the East Parish six hundred and ninety-seven popu- 
 lation, and one hundred and eighty-one polls ; the AVest Parish a population 
 of seven hundred and seventy-seven, and two hundred and thirty-three 
 polls ; and the North Parish a population of four hundred and eighty-one, 
 and one hundred and fifty-nine polls. This was an increase since 1830, 
 of eight hundred and fourteen in population, and four hundred and forty- 
 two polls. 
 
 When, in 1828, the town was refused the longer free use of the First Par- 
 ish meeting-house, the question arose, to whom belongs the land where the 
 First Parish meeting-house now stands? A committee was chosen by 
 the town to investigate the point. The result of their investigations left 
 the matter in doubt. Finally, in 1836-7, the parish decided to replace 
 their old meeting-house by a n<jw and more imposing structure, and made 
 a proposition to release all claim to the " common," in exchange for the 
 Marsh lot,' just north of it. The matter came before the town at 
 their meeting in May, 1837, and $1,000 was appropriated toward purchas- 
 ing the claim, that the place might be laid out as a common forever. The 
 above estate was purchased, at a cost of $2,750, the buildings sold for 
 $1,000*, and the balance was made up by individual subscription. 
 
 James H. Duncan, Esq., was made chairman of a committee to carry 
 out the vote of the town, and to his exertions and liberality we are largely 
 indebted for our present beautiful common. The following vote of the 
 Parish, passed June 5, 1837, shows the conditions upon which the quit- 
 claim was made : — 
 
 " Voted, That the Parish will sell, by quit-claim deed, to the Town of 
 Haverhill, for the use of the Town, as an ornamental common, not to be 
 built on, the land of the Parish heretofore used as their meetinghouse lot ; 
 reserving all the stones and brick on the same, on full and plain conditijons, 
 expressed in the deed, limiting the use of the said land, for the purpose 
 
503 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 of an ornamental common, and providing for the said deed being void, and 
 tlie land reverting to the Parish, if any building or buildings M-hatever, 
 shall, either by the said town or any person or body, ever be placed or 
 suffered to remain on said land, or on any of the land situate between any 
 part of the said land and the Marsh lot, so called, lying a few rods north- 
 erly of the land so deeded to the Town." 
 
 The Parish immediately commenced the erection of an elegant church 
 edifice on the new lot; and at the next annual meeting, the town chose a 
 committee to level the common, and otherwise improve it. It was several 
 years, however, before the work of enclosing and embellishing it was fully 
 completed ; and to the active and energetic labors of the ladies of the 
 town must be accorded a large part of the credit due for its final accom- 
 plishment. 
 
 At the annual March meeting in 1837, the town voted to receive its 
 share of the surplus revenue then about to be divided among the several 
 States. The General Court of Massachusetts had passed an Act author- 
 izing its proportion of the surplus to be divided among the several towns 
 in the State, upon the same conditions that Congress had authorized its 
 distribution among the several States. At the above meeting the town 
 accepted the conditions, and chose a committee to .devise some appropriate 
 plan for the disposition of the money. At the adjourned meeting, the 
 committee submitted the following report : — 
 
 " The committee chosen at the last meeting ' to recommend a disposition 
 of the portion of the surplus Eevenue that may belong to the town ' have 
 attended to that duty and Eeport, 
 
 That the probable amount of the Town's proportion of said surplus 
 Eevenue will be nearly Twelve Thousand Dollars. That it is payable in 
 four quarterly instalments, two of which will be soon receivable, and the 
 remaining two in July and October next. That as a condition of receiving 
 the money, the Town must give a certificate of Deposite binding the town 
 for a repayment of the same or any part thereof, when required, and that 
 by the Act of the Legislature, the Town must apply the money, or the 
 interest on the same to those public objects of expenditure, for which 
 Towns may now lawfully raise and appropriate money, and to no other 
 purpose. And as the Town is now indebted to the amount of nearly seven 
 thousand dollars, your committee recommend, first, that three thousand 
 dollars of said deposite money be applied to the payment of the Town's 
 debts. Second, that one thousand dollars of the same be re-loaned on 
 interest to the First School District in Haverhill, to enable their building 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 509 
 
 committee to pay for the School House lately erected by said District. 
 And lastly, in order to secure a safe and productive investment of said 
 deposite money, your committee recommend that the residue of said depos- 
 ite money, includijig the future instalments, and the sum recommended to 
 be loaned to said School District, when repaid, be invested in the stocks 
 of the Merrimack and Haverhill Banks at the lowest rate at which shares 
 can be purchased, and that the interest of all the amount invested on 
 interest, be annually apportioned by the Selectmen to the several School 
 Districts for the support of common schools, according to the number of 
 scholars in each school district between the ages of four and sixteen years. 
 And to carry into effect the foregoing recommendations, your committee 
 propose the following votes. All of which is respectfully submitted. 
 
 By order of the committee, 
 
 * James H. Duncan, 
 
 Haverhill, April 8th, 1837. Chairman." 
 
 The report was accepted, and its recommendations adopted. 
 
 The necessity of an official and well understood name for each of the 
 several streets, now that the town was rapidly increasing in population, 
 and new streets were being frequently laid out, was too apparent to escape 
 attention; and we accordingly find that, at the annual meeting in 1838, 
 a committee was chosen to name them. The following is copied from the 
 records of April 16th, of the same year: — 
 
 •' Voted That the report of the Committee chosen April 2d, 1838, to 
 name the several streets in the village, be accepted, as amended, which is 
 as follows, viz. 
 
 Water St., From the Great Bridge to Gage's comer, or Plain Gate. 
 Front St.," From the Great Bridge to Little River Bridge. 
 Washington St., From Little Eiver Bridge to West Parish line, by Daniel 
 
 Silver's house. 
 Main St., From the Great Bridge to the State line near Plastow meeting- 
 house. 
 Summer St., From Main to Mill St. near Col. AYoodman's Mill. 
 Broad St.,f From Main St. by the Street Pump to Derry St. over the Stone 
 
 Bridge. 
 Derry St., J From Little Eiver Bridge to corner of Derry road west of 
 Moses Poor's house. 
 
 ° Changed May 2d, to Merrimack street. 
 
 t Changed May 2d, to Winter street. 
 
 J Changed May 2d, to Essex street (from Little River Bridge to the foot of the hill.) 
 
510 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 Bradford St., From Water St. near Mrs Whittier's Brick house, to the 
 Chain Ferry. 
 
 Mill St., From Water St., by Col. Woodman's Mill to Pond St. 
 
 Jew St., From Derry Street by the brick yard, and Aaron Carlton's house, 
 to New Hampshire line. 
 
 Cross St., From Water St. to Mill St. 
 
 Kent St., From Water St. crossing Summer St. to Pond St. 
 
 Stage St., From Water St. by Merrimack Bank to Summer St. 
 
 Green St., From Water St. by Nathan Webster's Hat Factory to Sum- 
 mer St. 
 
 Pecker St., From Front St. by the Baptist Vestry to Broad St. 
 
 How St., From Front St. to Broad St. west of the Baptist meeting house. 
 
 Portland St., From Broad St. to White St.- 
 
 Pleasant St., From Broad St. to Pecker St. by Benj Kimball's house. 
 
 High St., From Derry St. to Washington St. at top of the Hill. 
 
 Primrose St., From Broad St. to Main St. near Mrs Duston's house. 
 
 White St., From Broad St. to Main St. 
 
 Pond St., From Main St. by Capt. John Ayer's to Bridge at the great 
 Pond. 
 
 Webster St., From Summer St. to Pond Street. 
 
 Dow St., From Main St. crossing Webster St. to Kent St. 
 All of which is respectfully submitted, f 
 
 Haverhill, April 16th, 1838. Moses Wingate, chairman." 
 
 In the fall of 1838, Mr. Moses E. Emerson, of this town, advertised, 
 that on the 19th of November, he should commence going to Boston in 
 the cars every morning, returning in the evening, for the purpose of trans- 
 acting any business entrusted to him. • This was the beginning of what 
 has now become an important and extensive business, — the " Express " 
 business. E. C. Thompson & Co., now employ three messengers, (making 
 three trips daily each way) two horses and drivers in Haverhill, and three 
 horses and two drivers in Boston. 
 
 In 1839, Ezekiel Hale, Jr., petitioned the town, for liberty to erect a 
 flume at the outlet of the Great Pond, for the purpose of holding the water 
 in reserve to supply his factory during the dry season of the year. He 
 had already expended upwards of seven hundred dollars in widening and 
 deepening the bed of the stream leading from the pond to Little Kiver, 
 and erecting flumes ; and now wished to hold the surplus water of the 
 
 o Portland street was accepted at the March meeting of the same year, 
 t School street was accepted the following year. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 511 
 
 pond under his own control. The town gave him a quit-claim of its right 
 to erect such a flume, and to flow the pond, on condition that he erected a 
 suitable bridge and causeway at the outlet of the pond, and secured the 
 town from all costs and damages arising from such flowage." 
 
 The Fourth of July, 1839, was celebrated by a large party at the G'reat 
 Pond ; and by the First Universalist Society, at Plug Pond. The day was 
 further noticed, by a national salute of twenty-six guns, and the ringing 
 of bells, at sunrise, noon, and sunset, and a display of fireworks in the 
 evening. Previous to this, it had for many years been the practice, — in 
 addition to bonfires, dragging burning tar-barrels through the streets, &c., 
 — to throw " fire-balls " back and forth through the streets, on the even- 
 ing of the Fourth of July.f But this year, on petition of many of the 
 citizens of the village, the town voted to prohibit the use of not only fire- 
 balls, but crackers, and squibs. 
 
 Toward the latter part of 1839, Kev. Wm. Miller, — whose predictions 
 that the year 1843 would witness the destruction of the world by fire, 
 had already awakened a deep interest in other places. — visited this town, 
 and preached a course of lectures upon his startling topic, in the Christian 
 Union Chapel. The earnest manner of the preacher, the apparent plausi- 
 bility of his interpretations of scripture, and the awful sublimity of the 
 subject, caused him to be listened to by large audiences, with deepest in- 
 terest. In January, (1840) he delivered a second course upon the same 
 subject, which deepened the impression already made, and led to a general 
 religious awakening in the town. In the following April, there were, at 
 one time, four series of protracted meetings being held in the village. At 
 the Union Evangelical Church (Winter Street) such a meeting commenced 
 on the 5th of April, and was continued every evening, and a part of the 
 time every afternoon, for some two months. In the height of the excite- 
 ment, several persons were thrown into a trance state, and the meetings 
 were repeatedly continued until near the morning's dawn. Scenes such 
 as were witnessed in that place during these memorable weeks, are beyond 
 the power of description, and will probably never be repeated in all their 
 wild extravagance. 
 
 ■^ In 1814, Ezekiel Hale (senior) petitioned the town for pennission to erect a Lock at Little River 
 Bridge, " so as to float lumber to his mill." The matter was referred to a committee, who reported fav- 
 orably, but the town refused to grant the desired permission. In 1826, Mr. Hale applied to the General 
 Court for permission to make a canal "from Hale's Mill pond, by the Little River, to the Merrimack." 
 The prayer was granted, and the canal was made, but neve"- used. It was intended for the purpose of 
 running logs and lumber between the Merrimack and Mr. Hale's saw mill, which was located on the 
 opposite side of the stream from the present flannel factory. 
 
 t These fire ba'ls were balls of cotton, soaked in spirits of turpentine, and thrown back and forth with 
 gloved hands, while burning. 
 
512 HISTORY OF HAVERHILI,. 
 
 From the official " census of Pensioners," for 1840, we find that there 
 were but six then living in this town. These were James Walker, aged 
 90 ; David How, 84 ; Daniel Bradbury, 77 ; James Simpson, 83 ; Daniel 
 Silver, 77 ; Daniel Clough, 77. 
 
aiSTOET OF HAVERHILL, 613 
 
 CHAPTER XXVII 
 
 1840 TO 1860. 
 
 The large increase in the population of the town, in the years immedi- 
 "ately preceding that in which our chapter opens, created a demand for 
 more extensive and perfect school accommodations in the central district. 
 
 In the year 1838, a small wooden building was erected upon the pres- 
 ent site of the School Street school-house, to afford school accommodations 
 ■for the increasing population in the easterly part of the village. Similar 
 buildings were also erected during the same year in the westerly part of 
 the village, — one on High Street, and one on Washington Street. Pre- 
 vious to this, the old building at the head of the common was the only 
 public school-house in the village. 
 
 The School Street house had two rooms, — one for a Primary and the 
 other for a Grammar School, — with an average attendance of about forty 
 pupils each. The Grammar department was under the care of Isaac 
 Ames, Esq.,'--* for a short time, and for several years was taught by a suc- 
 <;ession of teachers, all of whom retained the situation for a short time, 
 with the exception of Mr. John B. Carrick, who taught successfully for 
 several years, until failing health obliged him to resign his charge. He 
 died while the dews of early manhood were fresh upon him, beloved and 
 honored by his pupils, as an affectionate and faithful instructor. 
 
 The house was remodeled in 1847, by throwing both rooms into one, for 
 the Grammar School, and fitting up a room in the basement for a Primary 
 department. This proved to be an injudicious measure, as the basement 
 room was damp and unhealthy, and the upper room too small for the largo 
 increase of attendance in that department. The old building was there- 
 fore sold, and removed, in 1855, and the present spacious and substantiijl 
 structure erected, at a cost of nearly $15,000. The building is of brick, 
 with free-stone trimmings, and granite foundation ; eighty feet in length 
 by fifty in breadth ; two stories in height, — with a fine basement for 
 play-rooms in stormy weather. The building is divided into six school- 
 rooms, and a spacious hall, with ample entries, and closets for clothing, 
 
 • Now Judge of Probate and Insolvency for the County of Suffolk, 
 
 65 
 
514 niSTORY OF HAVERHILL, 
 
 connected with each room. The rooms are light, spacious, and well venti- 
 lated, and furnished with all the modern improvements and convenien- 
 cies. Ample play-grounds, ornamented with shade-trees, are connected 
 with the building. The house was dedicated June 17, 1856, with appro- 
 priate exercises by the pupils, addresses by gentlemen of the General 
 School Committee, and singing an original hymn. The school is estab- 
 lished upon the graded system, consisting of the primary, Intermediate, 
 and Grammar divisions, each division being sub-divided and occupying a 
 separate room. Children five years of age are admitted to the Primary 
 room where they remain until fitted for the next grade. 
 
 This school has been under the care of Dr. John Crowcll, as principal, 
 for several years, assisted by five female teachers, with an attendance of 
 about three hundred pupils." 
 
 Since the present building has been occupied, nearly five hundred dol- 
 lars have been raised by the efi'orts of the teachers and scholars, and ap- 
 propriated in purchasing a fine piano, and several beautiful engravings for 
 the hall, and planting shade-trees in the yards. 
 
 As early as 1835, the population of the town had reached the number 
 fixed upon by the commonwealth for the establishment of a High School, 
 and a proposition to that effect was made, but was indefinitely postponed. 
 
 In 1840, the subject of a High School again came before the town for 
 definite action. A committee was thereupon chosen to consider the matter 
 and report. At the September meeting, the committee reported, that the 
 town was liable to indictment unless they established a High School, or 
 accepted the act of the previous Legislature, which released all towns 
 from establishing such a school, provided they expended twenty-five per 
 cent, more on their district schools than they had previously raised for that 
 purpose. The committee recommended the latter course, which was agreed 
 to, and ^700 additional was appropriated for the purpose. 
 
 The next year, the First District voted to establish a High School, and 
 the Academy building was hired for the purpose. The first examination 
 for admission to the school was held at the latter place, April 28th and 
 29th, 1841, and the school went into immediate operation. 
 
 The same year (1841) the town accepted the act of the General Court 
 establishing a " fire department," and the fire companies and wardens were 
 
 o Since the above was written, Di-. Crowcll has resigned his position as principal of this flourishing 
 school, and again resumed the practice of his profession. Dr. C. was admirably qualified for the iiosition 
 he so long filled, and to him belongs a large share of the credit due fur the high position occupied by this 
 echool. 
 
HISTORY OE nATERHILI,. 515 
 
 immediately re-organized, agreeably to said act.^'^ The town also voted to 
 pay tlie firemen " for staying over night at the Stage Street fire," the pre- 
 vious October, — when the steam mill of Noyes & Dunbar, and the house 
 and shop of Lyman Worthen, were totally destroyed. This was the first 
 instance of payment to the firemen in the town for their services, except 
 the allowance of their annual poll tax, as previously mentioned. At the 
 same time, the selectmen were authorized to pay them for any similar ser- 
 vice the ensuing year, at their discretion. 
 
 The Fourth of July, 1841, was noticed in town by a grand Temperance 
 Celebration, under the direction of the " Haverhill "Washingtonian Soci- 
 ety," which had been recently organized, and was then in vigorous opera- 
 tion. 
 
 The Washingtonian movement, which originated with a few obscure men 
 in Baltimore, in 1840, spread rapidly over the whole country, and was the 
 means of rescuing thousands from a drunkard's grave. This town was an 
 early sharer in the happy fruits of that movement, and not a few who read 
 these pages have cause for gratitude that they were brought within the 
 charmed circle ; while a still greater number, around whose pathway the 
 dark shadows of intemperance were silently but surely gathering, will 
 bless the day that rescued some dear friend from the fearful snares which 
 entangled him. 
 
 Many persons will remember the exciting scenes and discussions in Con- 
 gress, about the time of which we now write, upon " the right of petition." 
 While the free and unrestrained right of the people to petition their repre- 
 sentatives in Congress assembled, was claimed on the one hand, it was not 
 only denied on the other, but the dissolution of the Union was threatened 
 if petitioning upon the subject of slavery was persisted in. These threats, 
 while they alarmed many, provoked the just indignation of others. The 
 writer well remembers frequent and warm discussions upon the sub- 
 ject in the place where he was then employed, and the repeated and 
 earnestly expressed wish of one ardent believer in " free speech, "f that 
 these hypocritical threats might be rebuked by petitions from the North, 
 praying for the very thing so fiercely threatened by members from the 
 South. Acting upon the hint, as we have no doubt, Benjamin Emerson, 2d, 
 who was frec[uently present at these discussions, drew up such a petition, 
 which was signed by forty-four persons, and duly forwarded to the Hon. 
 
 ° TUa next year, the town accepted the code of By-Laws adopted by the Engineers. 
 t Deacon Tappau Chase. 
 
516 
 
 HISTORY OF HATERHILI,. 
 
 John Quincy Adams, the fearless and uncompromising defender of the right- 
 called in question. The following is a copy of the petition : — 
 
 " To the Congress of the United States, The undersigned, citizens of 
 Haverhill, in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, pray that you will 
 immediately adopt measures, peaceably, to dissolve the Union of these 
 States. 
 
 First, Because no Union can be agreeable or permanent, which dees 
 not present prospects of reciprocal benefit. 
 
 Second, Because a vast proportion of the resources of one section of the 
 Union is annually drained to sustain the views and course of another sec- 
 tion without any adequate return. 
 
 Third, Because (judging from history of past nations) this Union if 
 persisted in, in the present course of things, will certainly overwhelm this 
 whole nation in utter destruction. 
 
 Benj Emerson 2d 
 John P. Montgomery 
 Osgood G. Boynton 
 Elisha Hutchinson 
 Eranklin Currier 
 Edward E. Dike 
 Elijah S. Tozier 
 Wm Hale 
 Joseph Flanders 
 Alfred S. Parmlee 
 George 0. Harmon 
 N. P. Dresser 
 James Harmon 
 Otis W. Butters 
 John Philbrick 
 
 Wm H. Noyes 
 Edwin A. Sargent 
 Herman Kimball 
 "Washington Johnson 
 Thomas Ball 
 Joseph B. Spiller 
 J. Henry Johnson 
 Francis Butters, jr 
 Sewell E. Jewett 
 Willibee H. Currier 
 Daniel Brickett 
 Cornelius Jcnness 
 Wm N. Davis 
 Ezekiel Hale, jr 
 
 Samuel Stuart 
 Samuel Plumer 
 Nathaniel Foot 
 Leonard Parker 
 Francis Butters 
 Geo. F. Bailey 
 Eibridge G. Davis 
 Alfred Gage 
 Truman M. Martin 
 Oliver H. F. Delaware 
 B. Greeley 
 Nathan Webster 
 Charles Fitch 
 John L. Head." 
 
 Tappan Chase 
 
 On the 24rth of January, 1842, Mr. Adams presented the petition in 
 the national House of Representatives, and moved its reference to a special 
 committee, with instructions to report an answer to the petitioners. An 
 exciting scene followed. Mr. Hopkins asked if it was in order to move 
 to burn the petition in presence of the House ; Mr. Wise, (of Va.,) asked 
 if it was in order to move to censure any member who presented such a 
 petition; and Mr. Gilmer, (of N. C.,) offered a resolution censuring Mr. 
 Adams for presenting it. After an exciting discussion, the House abruptly 
 adjourned. Nearly the whole of the next four days was spent in discuss- 
 ing resolutions offered by Mr. Marshall, (as a substitute for Mr. Gilmer's) 
 declaring that "a proposition to the representatives 'to dissolve' the 
 Union, is a high breach of privilege, contempt offered to the House, a 
 •proportion to commit perjury ^ and involves the crime of high treason ; 
 
HISTORY OP HATERHILL. 517 
 
 that John Q. Adams, in presenting a petition praying the dissolution of 
 the Union, has offered the deepest indignity to the House, and insult to 
 the people of the United States ; " and " that John Q. Adams might well 
 be held to merit expulsion from the national councils," for offering such a 
 petition. On the 29th, the resolutions were " postponed for the present ; " 
 and February oth, the whole subject was tabled, by a large mnjority. 
 
 In view of recent developments, and the pi-esent condition of our 
 national affairs, we have deemed the history of the "Haverhill Disunion 
 Petition" entitled to a place on the pages of this work, and have therefore 
 given it. As we distinctly understood it at the time, the petition was 
 intended as a rebuke for what were believed to be hollow threats of dis- 
 union, and its effect certainly seems to have proved the shrewdness of the 
 petitioners. 
 
 The Fourth of July, 184:2, was celebrated by the " Washington Street 
 AVashington Total Abstinence Society," by a procession to the common, 
 where an address was delivered by Charles T. Woodman, Esq., followed 
 by a collation, at the same place. 
 
 At the annual town meeting in 1843, it was voted to divide the " sur- 
 plus revenue" equally among the inhabitants of the town, each giving his 
 individual note to the town, promising to return the sum received by him, 
 on demand. This was in direct violation of the terms upon which the 
 town itself held the money, and an injunction was immediately issued, 
 restraining them from making such a distribution. A meeting was there- 
 upon called, (June 5) and it was voted to apply the interest of the fund to 
 the support of the schools in town. 
 
 The Anniversary of the Xational Independence was celebrated in 1843, 
 by a Ladies' Levee, on the vacant lot, corner of Summer and Stage Streets, 
 the proceeds of which were applied " for the benefit of the Poor." The 
 day was also observed by the Sabbath School connected with the Second 
 Baptist Society, in a procession, an address by Eev. Benj. Wheeler, of 
 Plaistow, and a collation on the banks of the Merrimack. 
 
 The subject of temperance still continued to occupy a prominent place in 
 the public mind, and at the annual meeting in 1844, the town passed reso- 
 lutions similar to those it adopted in 1842. 
 
 Though the common was purchased and leveled several years previous to 
 this time, it was not yet suitably enclosed and laid out. But in 1844, the 
 ladies of the village took hold of the matter, and, in September of that 
 year, held a levee, at the Academy Hall, to provide funds for that 
 purpose. The effort was successful, and the public spirited maids and mat- 
 rons are fully entitled to this honorable mention for their seasonablo 
 services in improving this beautiful park. 
 
513 HISTORY OF HATERHILL. 
 
 In 1845, a new temperance organization was introduced into town, 
 under the form of a semi-" secret society," known as " The Independent 
 Order of Eechabites." A " Tent " was formed here in the early part of 
 that year, and so rapid was the increase of its members, that in August 
 the large hall in Duncan's Building, Main Street, was leased, and dedica- 
 ted to their use. Ih3 new organization continued to flourish for a few 
 years, when it rapidly fell into decay, and soon ceased to exist. 
 
 At the time of the organization of the Eechabites, the Washingtonian 
 Society had- ceased to be an active body, and it soon after became extinct. 
 In October, of the same year, an effort was made to revive the interest in 
 the Washingtonian plan, by organizing a new society, under the name of 
 the " Pentucket Total Abstinence Society," but it proved to be short 
 lived. 
 
 The same year, another of the so-called "secret" societies was intro- 
 duced into the town. September 4th, "Mutual Eelief Lodge" of the 
 "Independent Order of Odd Fellows" was instituted, and on the 17th of 
 October, the hall over the lecture-room of the Centre Congregational Society, 
 on Vestry Street, was dedicated to their use. The new order took vigorous 
 root, and flourisTied for several years. It is still living, and by means of 
 its brotherly aid in sickness, and the liberal appropi-iations from its fund 
 to the " widow and orphan," is quietly diffusing its genial influence to no 
 small extent. 
 
 In August, of the same year, a new burial ground was laid out on 
 the north,- and immediately adjoining, the first one laid out in the town. 
 It was purchased by a company, and was dedicated April -21st, 1846, 
 under the name of " Linwood Cemetery." It was tastefully laid out and 
 embellished, and is now among the neatest and pleasantest places of the 
 kind in New England. 
 
 The wide contrast between the neat and orderly appearance of the new 
 cemetery, and the neglected and dilapidated condition of the old burying- 
 ground immediately adjoining it, naturally excited a desire to see the 
 latter improved and cared for. In this improvement, as in the case of 
 the old common, the ladies were the most active and zealous workers. 
 Toremost among them were Mrs. (Jeremiah) Stickney, and Mrs. (Rufus) 
 Longley. Enlisting the aid and sympathy of others, a levcc was held 
 April 10th, 1845, which proved highly successful; contributions were 
 solicited, and freely bestowed ; and in the course of the next two years, 
 more than one thousand dollars was raised and expended in beautifying 
 and improving that ancient burial-place. A neat granite monument was 
 erected to the memory of the beloved Eolfe and his family ; the old wooden 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 519 
 
 fence in front was exclianged for one of iron, and that upon the sides gave 
 place to the more appropriate and durable hedge ; and every part of the 
 grounds felt the magic touch of woman's hand. The homely and ancient 
 name, " Burying-Ground," was exchanged for that of "Pentucket Ceme- 
 tery," by which name it will ever after be known. 
 
 In June, 184-6, the steamer Laivrence, a side-wheel boat, about one hun- 
 dred and forty feet long, and built at Newburyport expressly for the route, 
 commenced running between that place and Haverhill. She proved to be 
 too large and unwieldy for the purpose, and after running two seasons, 
 was sold to parties in Connecticut. June 6th, 1848, a new stern-wheel 
 steamer, of the same name, also built for the Merrimack, at Waterville, 
 Maine, made her first appearance at Haverhill, and the same day went up 
 as far as the new city of Lawrence. This was the first and last trip made 
 by a steamboat so far up the river. The intention about that time, was, 
 to clear the river above this place, so as to allow light draft steamboats to 
 make regular trips between Newburyport and Lawrence. With that view, 
 the legislature had granted (April, 1848) an act of incorporation to 
 James R. Nichols, James H. Carlton, and others of this town, under the 
 name of the " Pentucket Navigation Co.," giving them the exclusive right 
 to navigate the Merrimack, between Haverhill and Lawrence, by steam- 
 boats, for twenty-five years, provided they made it so navigable within 
 five years. The only impediment to such navigation, was the rapids in 
 this town, known as Mitchel's Falls, to clear a channel through which it 
 was estimated would cost only about five thousand dollars. But for want 
 of suflBcient inducement to warrant even that outlay, the project was 
 abandoned. 
 
 Besides the steamboats mentioned, several others ran transiently be- 
 tween Newburyport and this town, at various times, from 1848 to 1854. 
 Their names were, the Sarah, California, Merrimac, Ohio, C. B. Stevens, 
 Narraganseft, and Grace Darling. The latter was owned by Haverhill 
 men, and was put upon the route in August, 1854. The opening of the 
 Georgetown railroad, about this time, diverted the travel to so large an 
 extent in that direction, that the steam navigation of the river was given 
 up in the fall of the. year last mentioned, and will never, in all probability, 
 be again resumed. 
 
 In October, 1847, a society was organized in this town, under the name 
 of the " Fraternity of Shenstones." The object of the society, was, to 
 provide means for setting out and taking care of " ornamental trees, in 
 the streets, squares, and other public places in the town." Isaac Ames, 
 Esq., was chosen President, and Thomas M. Hayes, Esq., Secretary and 
 
6'20 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 Treasurer. Tte fee for membership was one dollar per year. The nainiS 
 T^as adopted in honor of an English gentleman, who, many years 
 Tbefore, labored zealously for a similar purpose in his own country. Through 
 the exertions of the Shenstones, many hundred trees were from time to 
 time set out, which have already become a beautiful " ornament " to more 
 than one street in our village. A large share of the credit which justly 
 belongs to that society for their thoughtfulness, good taste, and large suc- 
 cess, is due to the efforts of its originator, and first Secretary. Though 
 long since laid beneath the sod, the beautiful trees he planted, and watched 
 with so much tenderness and interest, will long remind us that he lived 
 not in vain. 
 
 The subject of a Town House, or Town Hall, began to be agitated soon 
 after the town found itsdlf obliged to hire a place for its meetings, in 
 182S. In May, 1831, a meeting was called for the special purpose of con- 
 sidering the matter, but the town voted not to build. Two years later, a 
 committee was chosen to see about a site for such a building, and the prob- 
 able cost, but nothing definite was done, and the next year the committee 
 was discharged. At the annual meeting in 1835, the town voted to build 
 a Town House, and a committee was chosen to see about a site, Szc. Two 
 years later, a proposition was made to purchase the Christian Union 
 Chapel, on Washington Square but it was not accepted. Another two 
 years came and went, and the subject of building such a structure again 
 came before the town, but was indefinitely postponed. Here the matter 
 rested until the annual meeting in 1847, when the town voted to erect a 
 suitable building for their use, on the " south part of the Harrod lot, so 
 called," at an expense of eight thousand dollars. A steeple was to be 
 placed upon the building, provided a clock and bell were provided by priv- 
 ate subscription. A plan was presented and agreed upon, for a building 
 seventy-six feet long, forty-two feet wide, and twenty-six feet high above 
 the cellar. The latter was to be seven and one-half feet deep in the 
 clear. The work was immediately commenced, and the building com- 
 pleted early in the following year. Though the town adopted a plan, with 
 the express understanding that parties had offered to erect a building 
 according to that plan for ^8,000, the actual sum expended was $16,382.44. 
 The clock and bell wore purchased as proposed, — by private subscrip- 
 tions, — and the proceeds of a public levee. 
 
 At the annual meeting in 1848^ the town voted to allow the county the 
 free use of the hall for the County Courts, if the latter should be removed 
 from Ipswich to Haverhill. It was also voted that the hall should be 
 kept exclusively for the use of the town, except that it might be let " for 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 521 
 
 sucli lectures or meetings as shall in the best judgment of the Selectmen 
 have a tendency to improve the morals and intelligence of the citizens." 
 Subsequently, the selectmen were invested with the full control of the 
 hall. 
 
 « 
 
 At the same meeting, a committee was chosen to appear before the Gen- 
 eral Court in aid of the petitioners for a railroad from Newburyport to 
 Bradford." It was also voted, that future town meetings should be warned 
 by publishing the warrant in each of the newspapers in town two weeks, 
 and posting a copy in the office of the town clerk. This has continued to 
 be the practice to the present time. At the same time a committee was 
 chosen to superintend the laying out of the Common, and the setting out 
 of trees. f The hay-scales were ordered to be removed from the Common, 
 and they were accordingly transferred to their present location. A safe 
 was purchased for the better protection of the town records ; and the first 
 two books of the records were ordered to be copied. The latter task was 
 performed in a most faithful and beautiful -manner, by Mr. Josiah Keely. 
 
 At the same meeting, a proposition was made for the town to pay the 
 difference between the cost of a five-inch and an eight-inch iron pipe, from 
 the Eound Pond to the top of the hill on Main Street, — The Acqueduct 
 Company being about to re-place the old logs with an iron pipe of the for- 
 mer diameter. The subject was referred to a committee, who subsequently 
 reported in favoi: of the town's paying the difference between a five and a 
 six-inch, pipe, which was agreed to, and the present six-inch pipe was 
 accordingly substituted. 
 
 In December, (18th) of the same year, a town meeting was called to 
 consider the expediency of placing a restriction upon the keeping of dogs. 
 It was voted that dogs should not run at large without a muzzle, and the 
 town clerk was authorized to pay one dollar for every dog killed, not so 
 muzzled, provided no man was to be paid for killing his own dog. This 
 regulation proved to be too stringent for practical execution, and, Decem- 
 ber 30th, another dog meeting was held, when the above vote was re-con- 
 sidered.J 
 
 c The committee were Alfred Kitredge, J. H. Duncan, W. E. Whittier, Rufus Lougley. and Caleb 
 Hersey. 
 
 t The committee wei'e Wm. Taggart, J. H. Duncan, Wm. Merrill, AVm. D. S. Chase, and Thos. N. 
 Chase. 
 
 I Gov. Banks, in his annual address to the General Court, in 1860, ventured the opinion, that there 
 were more dogs than sheep in the State of Massachusetts. We are inclined to believe that the estimate 
 is a reasonable one ; and also that their extermination would be a positive blessing to the State. The 
 loss of a single life by hydrophobia, now fearfully common, will more than outweigh the good done by all 
 the dogs in the Commonwealth in a generation. 
 
 66 
 
522 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL* 
 
 In 1848, " Primrose Lane" was widened and straightened, and elevated 
 to the dignity of a street ; and in the following year, Emerson, Vestry, 
 and Cross Streets, were formally accepted by the town. 
 
 We have already alluded to the erection of a small school-house on. 
 Washington Street, in 1838. In 1843, the school was changed to a Gram- 
 mar School. In 1845, the building was enlarged by the addition of 
 twenty feet in length, but the rapid growth of that section of the village 
 soon outstripped even that liberal addition, and, in 1849, the building was 
 removed, to give place to the present neat and substantial brick structure. 
 The present school building is thirty-eight by sixty feet, and two stories 
 high. The first floor is used for a primary, and the second for a grammar 
 school. The cost of the building was upwards of three thousand dollars. 
 The school was for several years in charge of Luther- Emerson, of this 
 town. It is now under the efiicient direction of Mr. J. B. Smith, to whose 
 earnest efforts we are largely indebted for its present excellent standing. 
 The old school building was subsequently removed to White Street, near 
 Portland Street, where it. is still occupied for a primary school. 
 
 There were at this time in the district five primary, and four grammar 
 schools, besides the High school. The amount paid by the district for 
 their support in 1848, was $3,164,86. The average weekly cost per 
 scholar, based iipon actual attendance, was, nine cents and four mills for 
 primary ; fifteen cents for the gi-ammar ; and thirty cents for the High 
 school. 
 
 In the early part of 1850, the small-pox broke out in the western part 
 of the town, and for a time raged fearfully. It was confined principally 
 to the northern part of the West Parish. In School District No. 2, there 
 were between thirty and forty cases, several of them fatal. The loathsome 
 disease was introduced into the parish by a young lady, on a visit from 
 Boston. 
 
 About this time, the town began to make large appropriations for its 
 Fire Department. AVe have already noticed the organization of the de- 
 partment, in 1841. In 1843, the ■town voted to build a house for the 
 hook and ladder company ; in 1848, a new engine was purchased for com- 
 pany No. 1, and a new engine house was built for them the next year ; 
 in 1849, the old engine of company No. 4 was exchanged for a new one, 
 and a new engine was purchased for company No. 2; in 1851, a new 
 machine was procured for company No. 3, and a new and commodious 
 house erected for their use. At the same time, it was voted to pay the 
 firemen, (or, as they were then called, " engine-men,") five dollars each, 
 annually, and twenty-five cents per hour each, for labor at fires — alarms 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 523 
 
 to be considered as one hour each, if the engine was taken from the house. 
 In 1852, the selectmen were authorized to sell the engine house on Pleas- 
 ant Street, (about midway between Fleet and AYinter Streets, on the south 
 side,) " and the three Fire Engines therein." Other and liberal expendi- 
 tures have been made from time to time for the purchase of machines, 
 buildings, &c., until we now have a fire department, which, for character 
 and efiiciency is second to th^it of no town in the Commonwealth. There 
 are now four companies, — three in the central village, and one at the 
 Eocks' Village, — each supplied with excellent machines, and commodious 
 buildings for their exclusive accommodation. Besides these, we have a 
 " Hook and Ladder Company," (organized in 1860) well supplied with 
 appropriate carriages and materials, and the occupants of a fine building, 
 erected for their special use, on Fleet Street. 
 
 At the annual meeting in 1852, the town voted to place the highways 
 of the town under the general superintendence of one person, who was to 
 be appointed by the selectmen. This plan proved to be decidedly unpop- 
 ular, and after one year's trial it was abandoned. 
 
 In 1853, the town appropriated $300 toward the expenses of celebrating 
 the Fourth of July. This, we believe, is the only instance in which such 
 an appropriation has been made by the town ; the usual course having 
 been to raise money for the purpose by private subscription. 
 
 The same year, the streets of the village were for the first time lighted 
 by gas — a gas company having been previously organized in the town, 
 and in successful operation. =••' 
 
 At the annual town meeting in 1854, the following preamble and reso- 
 lutions, oifered by Hon. J. H. Duncan, were adopted : — 
 
 " The Inhabitants of the Town of Haverhill, in annual Town Meeting 
 assen^bled, having seen with mingled emotions of surprise, indignation, 
 and grief, that a provision has been introduced into the bill creating the 
 Nebraska Territory, designed to repeal that section of the Act, known as 
 the ' Missouri Compromise,' by which slavery was forever prohibited in 
 all that part of the territory acquired from France, North of 36° 30', ex- 
 cept that contained in the limits of the State of Missouri, and that the 
 same has passed one House of Congress ; do, in the exercise of their rights 
 as Freemen, solemnly and earnestly protest against the passage of that 
 provision ; 
 
 Because, it is an uncalled for and unnecessary violation of a solemn 
 compact, made as a condition of the admission of Missouri as a slave 
 state, which has been held sacred for thirty-four years ; 
 
 •* The gas works of the company are located on the south side of Winter Street, adjoining Little River, 
 and on the east side of the latter. 
 
524 HisTOKY or haverhili!.. 
 
 Because, it is a flagrant breach of faith with the free states, Iby ■whici 
 the slave states, having secured their part of the compact, would deprive the 
 free states of their rightful share of its benefits ; 
 
 Because, it is a gross departure from the policy of the founders of the 
 Eepublic, which was to limit and restrain, with a view to its final extinc- 
 tion, and not to foster and extend, slavery ; 
 
 Because, the passage of this provision will destroy all faith in compacts 
 and compromises made in Congress, on the subject of slavery, and while 
 it justifies the friends of freedom to take all measures, not forbidden by 
 the Constitution, to curtail and restrain slavery, and the slave power, it 
 invites, and, without cause, provokes renewed and interminable agitation, 
 which will threaten the permanency of the Union. Therefore 
 
 Resolved, That the measure above referred to is not demanded by the 
 people of the United States ; it is a violation of a compact which ought 
 to be held sacred and inviolate ; that it tends to destroy confidence in 
 public faith ; is fraught with alarming evils and puts at hazard the integ- 
 rity and stability of the Union : 
 
 Resolved, That a copy of this preamble and resolutions, signed by the 
 moderator, and town clerk, be forthwith transmitted to Hon. N. P. Banks, 
 the Eepresentative of this district, to be by him presented to Congress, 
 and that he be requested to use his efforts to defeat the passage of this 
 odious and unjust provision." 
 
 At the same meeting the town voted to prohibit all dogs from running^ 
 at large, unless collared and muzzled, and the inspector of police was 
 instructed to kill all not so provided. The act of the Legislature, estab- 
 lishing a Police Court in the town, was formally accepted at the same 
 time. 
 
 In 1855, the subject of a town High School again came up for consid- 
 eration, and a committee was chosen to make arrangements for that purpose. 
 The result was, that the Academy building, which had been used by 
 District No. 1, for that purpose, was hired by the town, and a town High 
 School regularly established.'--' 
 
 During the summer of 1856, the Winter Street School building was 
 erected, at a cost of nearly $ 18,000. It is a substantial, well-proportioned, 
 and convenient structure of faced brick, two stories in height, about eighty- 
 five feet in length, and sixty feet in width. It contains a spacious hall — 
 occupying one-half of the second story, where the several divisions assemble 
 for devotional and general exercises — six rooms, occupied by two primary, 
 
 * The academy building -w^as purchased by the district in lSi4 for $3,000, 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 525 
 
 two intermediate, and two grammar departments, (with seats for three 
 hundred and eighteen j^upils,) and each fitted, within the school-room, and 
 under the eye of the teachei-, with closets for the clothing of the children, 
 (an excellent arrangement, yet it is believed the only one of the kind in 
 the State, )-^ and is every way well adapted to the purposes for which it 
 was intended. The school was organized in August, 1856, from the 
 material of the Centre and Winter Street Grammar Schools, and placed 
 under the charge of its present excellent teacher, Mr. E. H. Hammond, a 
 native of this town, then principal of the Centre Grammar School, = ' with 
 at first only three assistants ; but the wants of that portion of the district 
 made it necessary, during the second and third terms, to occupy all the 
 rooms. The dedicatory services were impressive and interesting. The 
 address at the dedication was given by the Secretary of the Board of 
 Education, Ex-Governor Geo. S. Boutwell. 
 
 This school, though not furnished with "«Z?the modern improvements," 
 is well provided with suitable and serviceable apparatus for thorough and 
 successful instruction. By the efi"orts of the principal and his atsistants, 
 aided by the noble and generous cooperation of the parents and friends 
 of the school, it has been furnished with a very superior toned piano, and 
 one of Copley's large sized sixteen inch globes ; and also, by vote of the 
 district, the present season, (1861) with a splendid set of Pelton's outline 
 maps. The school is organized upon the same general plan as that of 
 School Street, with a principal and five female assistants, each occupying 
 a different room, and conducting their classes over certain consecutive 
 steps in their education, under the general supervision of the principal. 
 
 The fourth of July, 1856, was celebrated in this town by a procession — - 
 composed of the military and fire companies, Masonic and other so- 
 cieties — an oration, by Hon. Charles W. Upham, of Salem, in the Centre 
 Church, a dinner, and fire-works in the evening. 
 
 The same year. Locust, Grand, Oi-chard, Walnut, and Vine sti-eets were 
 formally accepted by the town, and Kent street widened and stiaightened.f 
 The year following, (1857) Jew street felt the magic touch of the widen- 
 ing and straightening process ; and all the school districts (fourteen iu 
 number) were re-bounded. But local improvements did not by any means 
 stop with merely straightening streets. The town voted that in future 
 
 ** The old Cfcntre school-house is now occupied for a primary school. 
 
 t Chestnut street was accepted in 1853, at which time White street was widened and straightened. 
 The next year (18j-1) High street was widened and straightened. In 1855, Little River bridge was 
 rebuilt, and Washington square thereby greatly enlarged and improved. 
 
52G HISTORY OF HAVEEHILL. 
 
 the Town Hall stall not be leased on Saturday evenings " for theatrical 
 or Negro concert purposes." 
 
 The salaries of the town officers for 1858, were as follows: Moderator, 
 ten dollars ; ■ town clerk, fees ; treasurer, one hundred dollars ; collector of 
 taxes, three hundred and fifty dollars ; selectmen, three hundred and fifty 
 dollars ; assessors, three hundred and twenty -five dollars ; overseers of 
 poor, one hundred and seventy-five dollars ; general school committee, two 
 hundred and seventy-five dollars ; inspector of police, fifty dollars ; audi- 
 tors, twenty-five dollars ; pound keeper, ten dollars. For the information 
 of those who come after us, we should, perhaps, add, that the same person 
 now usually fills the several offices of town clerk, treasurer, and collector 
 of taxes. The sums paid to the several boards of officers is usually 
 apportioned among the individual members of each, by the respective 
 boards, in proportion to the labor individually performed. 
 
 The same year, Merrimack street was paved, from Main street to 
 Washington square ; and the year following, Water street was paved, as 
 far as Green street. One year later (1860) the paving of Water street 
 was continued as far east as School street. 
 
 In 1859, the town appropriated one hundred dollars for the purpose of 
 setting out shade trees in the town. The sum was divided among the 
 several highway districts. 
 
 So rapid was the growth of the town in population in the ten years 
 preceding the date of which we write, that continual complaint was made 
 that it had already outgrown its town house. The subject continued to 
 agitate the public mind of the town, until, in 1859, it culminated in a 
 proposition to build a new one. A committee was thereupon chosen to 
 consider the subject, obtain estimates, plans, &c., and report. The com- 
 mittee consisted of James H. Duncan, Eobert G. Walker, A. A. Sargent, 
 Moses D. George, Orenzo T. Emerson, James F. Gile, Elbridge W. Chase. 
 At the next annual meeting, the committee reported a recommendation 
 that the town purchase the Wingate estate, (next north of the town house) 
 with a view to the erection of a larger building upon the old site at some 
 future time. The recommendation was adopted, the estate purchased, and 
 the committee were instructed to report a plan and estimates for a new 
 building. January 7, 1861, the committee reported a plan, which was 
 adopted, and measures were at once taken for the erection of a new build- 
 ing.- 
 
 * The plan adopted '.ras drawn by John Stevens, architect, of Boston. The contract for the erection 
 of the building was awarded to Messrs. Carleton & Sargent, of this town. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERniLL. 527 
 
 At tlie time of writing (July 1, 1801) the old building has been levelled, 
 and tlie foundation of the new structure nearly completed. The following 
 extract from the committee's report will give an idea of the general plan 
 of the new town house : — 
 
 " The plan approved is for a building of brick, faced on the front and 
 ends — ornamented with freestone, (or perhaps with iron, if found much 
 cheaper) one hundred and fifteen feet in length, and sixty-seven and a 
 half feet wide, with a tower on the front, south of the main entrance, 
 eighteen by eighteen feet square, for the clock, bell, and dressing rooms, 
 connected with the stage ; and a smaller tower north of the main entrance, 
 foui'teen and one-half feet square, with a staircase to the stage, clock, and 
 also to the attic of the building. The principal entrance will be through 
 a vestibule on the front between the towers, and there will be also an en- 
 trance at the north end into the main corridor. The basement may be 
 entered on a level from Court street, will be ten feet high, and will afford 
 ample accommodations for market stalls and a large grocery store. 
 
 The first or principal floor will be divided into rooms thirteen feet high, 
 on each side of the entry or corridor, which is twelve feet in width, for 
 the various town or city ofiicers, police court room, town agency, &c , or it 
 may be thought expedient for a time to omit some partitions; and thus 
 leave a hall on this floor, for exhibitions not requiring the large hall above. 
 It is proposed to light all parts of the building with gas, to warm it by 
 furnaces in the basement, and to convey water where it may be needed, 
 rire-proof safes to be constructed for the safe keeping of the town records 
 and papers. 
 
 The hall is designed to be twenty-eight feet high, to be entered by 
 staircases at each end, thus affording very convenient entrance and egress. 
 Eooms are designed at each end of the hall, and galleries over them. It 
 is proposed to have the stage or platform on the front side of the hall, 
 chiefly occupying the space over the vestibule, between the towers, and 
 projecting about five feet into the hall, thus bringing the entire audience 
 nearer a speaker, who can be seen from any part of the floor and galleries. 
 The hall is estimated to seat nine hundred and fifty persons on the floor, 
 and four hundred and fifty in the galleries ; in all, fourteen hundred 
 persons. 
 
 It is proposed to use the spacious attic for an armory, should it be 
 wanted for that purpose, and it will aff"ord a room seventy-five by thirty 
 feet, may be well lighted, and easily accessible by the staircase in the 
 small tower, and sound may be i)revented by back-plastering between the 
 
528 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 floors. In the judgment of the committee, it is desirable to provide all 
 accommodations whicli will give an income to the town. It is proposed to 
 cover the roof and towers with slate, and tin, where slate cannot he used ; 
 to have copper gutters, and to protect the north coving with a covering of 
 iron. Your committee consider the design and arrangement of the building, 
 which, in some respects, are novel, as highly convenient, and superior to 
 any similar building within their knowledge. 
 
 The estimated cost of the building, according to the designs, providing 
 for ornamenting all the exterior with New Jersey freestone, for preparing 
 the foundatioHS, cementing the bottom of the basement, and for completely 
 ventilating the building, as carefully cast by practical men, is forty 
 thousand one hundred and twenty-five dollars ; but, to provide for contin- 
 gencies, is placed at forty-two thousand dollars." 
 
 Among the note-worthy incidents of the year 1859, should be mentioned 
 the improvement of the beautiful point of land at the Great Pond, known 
 for many years as the " Fish House Lot," and the formal re-naming of 
 that beautiful sheet of water. 
 
 Many years ago, a number of the citizens of Haverhill united in pur- 
 chasing of the proprietor, a perpetual right for the citizens of the town to 
 use the pleasant point of land near the north-eastern extremity of Great 
 Pond, as a place of" summer resort for parties of pleasure. A convenient 
 wooden building was erected on the land, and the place became known as 
 the " Fish House Lot," and was a popular place of resort for many years. 
 But, in course of time, the building fell into decay, and at last was 
 destroyed by incendiarism, and the grounds were neglected, and but little 
 used for the original purpose. 
 
 Tlie acknowledged want of a suitable place of resort for picnics and 
 chowder parties, and the convenience of location, natural beauty, and, 
 above all, the memories of " auld lang syne " that clustered around the 
 '♦ Fish House Lot," again directed attention to it as the place most desirable 
 for the purpose ; and in the summer of 1858, a few persons called a 
 meeting, upon the grounds, of all interested - in the subject. Above one 
 hundred persons were present. Elbridge G. Eaton, Esq., was chosen 
 chairman, and George H. Hoyt, secretary ; and after remarks by several 
 gentlemen, Piufus Slocomb, Esq., who had become proprietor of the grounds, 
 subject to the privileges before mentioned, proposed to make over his 
 interest to the citizens of Haverhill and Bradford, for the nominal sum of 
 one hundred dollars, on condition that it should be forever kept as a place 
 of free resort to the citizens of these towns for social festivities. 
 
DISTORT OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 529 
 
 By a unanimous vote, the liberal offer was accepted, and a committee 
 was chosen to solicit subscriptions, purchase and put the grounds in order, 
 make such improvements as they should deem advisable, and report at a 
 general meeting to be called by them in one year. On motion of G. W. 
 Chase, it was voted that the land should be purchased by subscriptions 
 not exceeding one dollar each, and a subscription paper for that purpose 
 was opened on the spot. 
 
 On the 31st day of August, 1859, the committee called a meeting at 
 the grounds of all interested in the matter, which was attended by about 
 two hundred persons. The Chairman, James H. Carleton, Esq., reported 
 that the land had been purchased, about two hundred and fifty trees set 
 out, a substantial fence erected, the grounds graded, and a convenient stone 
 building (twenty by forty feet) erected, at a total expense of about eight 
 hundred and fifty dollars, of which they had received nearly seven hundred 
 dollars in individual subscriptions. 
 
 The committee also reported a plan of ^organization for the preservation 
 and improvement of the grounds. The report was accepted, and a body 
 immediately organized under the name of " The Kenoza Lake Club," and 
 its ofiicers elected. 
 
 The organization of the Club was followed by an old fashioned fish 
 chowder, with the usual festive accompaniments. =••' 
 
 o The follomng beautiful poem, hy John G. Whittier, to whom had been entrusted the honor of select- 
 ing a new name lor the pond, was read upon the occasion : 
 
 KENOZA. 
 
 As Adam did in Paradise, 
 
 To-day the primal right we claim ; 
 Fair mirror of the woods and skies, 
 
 We give to thee a name ! 
 
 Lake of the Pickerel ! Let no more 
 The echijos answer back '• Great Pond," 
 
 But, sweet Kenoza, from thy shore 
 And watching hills beyond ; 
 
 And, Indian ghosts, if such there be, 
 Who i>ly unseen, their shadowy lines, 
 
 Call l)ack the dear old name to Ihee 
 As with the voice of pines. 
 
 The p:\ths we trod when careless boys. 
 With manhood's shodden feet we trace; 
 
 To friendship, love and social joys 
 We consecrate the place. 
 
 67 
 
 Here shall the tender song be sung. 
 And Memory's dirges soft and low. 
 
 And wit shall sparkle on the tongue. 
 And Mirth shall overflow. 
 
 Harmless as summer-lightning pl.ays 
 B'rom a low, hidden cloud by night — 
 
 A light to set the hiils ablaze, 
 But not a bolt to smite. 
 
 Kenoza ! O'er no sweeter lake 
 
 Shall morning break, or noon-cloud sail. 
 No lighter wave than thine shall take 
 
 The sunset's golden veil ! 
 
 And, Beauty's priestess, Ihou shalt teach 
 The truth, so dimly understood, 
 
 That He who made thee fair, for each 
 And all designeth good ! 
 
530 HISTORY OF HAVERHILl.. 
 
 A few days subsequently, the grounds were dedicated, and tlie beautiful 
 "body of water formally christened as ^^ Kenoza Lake" with appropriate 
 ceremonies, f 
 
 Early in the year 1860, the shoemakers of Lynn, Haverhill, and other 
 shoe-manufacturing towns, engaged in a movement the object of which 
 was to free themselves from real or fancied oppression, on the part of the 
 manufacturers, by establishing and maintaining a' more remunerative list 
 of prices for the various kinds and qualities of work. The movement 
 commenced with private and public discussions, and was soon followed by 
 a regularly organized " strike " in the principal shoe-manufactui'ing towns 
 in the State. In this town, upwards of six hundred shoemakers bound 
 themselves not to work, except at prices fixed upon by a committee of 
 their own selection. Side by side in the movement were to be seen those 
 who for years (and when they joined in the strike) received prices which 
 easily gave them from two dollars to four dollars for six to ten hours* 
 labor, and those whose unskilled hands could scarce secure them the above 
 sums per week. Many of the first class engaged in the movement through 
 mere love of excitement, and ambition to lead, while the latter were de- 
 luded with the idea that they were ill-paid for their skill and labor, that 
 they were the victims of a sort of petty despotism, and that "plenty of 
 work and good pay " were sure to follow if they but rose in their might 
 and demanded that "capital should no longer control labor." 
 
 As might have been anticipated, the whole movement was a failure, and 
 after a few weeks of excitement, idleness, and no little dissipation, the 
 bubble burst, the strike was abandoned, and business soon resumed its 
 wonted channels. It cannot be doubted that most of those who joined in 
 the movement returned to their labor wiser if not better men. 
 
 t The festivities closed with the following song, written for the occasion, hy Geo. W. Chase : — 
 
 From north and south, from east and west 
 We've come with willing feet; 
 
 And here again with hearty zest, 
 Our dear old friends we greet. 
 Chorus — Our dear old friends we greet.my friends.&c. 
 
 Old friends, old friends, we meet again, 
 
 Where oft we met of yore ; 
 Again to brighten friendship's chain 
 By sweet Xenoua's shore. 
 Chorus — By sweet Kenoza's shore, my friends, 
 By sweet Kenoza's shore ; 
 Again to brighten friendship's chain 
 By sweet Kenoza's shore. 
 
 Our early friendships here we o^^^l, 
 
 It never shall be said with truth. 
 That now our hearts are cold ; 
 The love that warmed tliem in our youth, 
 
 Shall warm them still when old. [ifcc. 
 
 Though wide our lots are cast ; I c^ftorMS— Shall warm them still when old, my friends. 
 
 Long years have not our love outgroivn ; 
 
 Y.'e'U ne'er forget the past. | ^.n^ yg^r by year, till life shall cease. 
 
 Chorus — We'll ne'er forget the past, my friends, &e. I And earthly joys be o'er ; 
 
 I W^e'll meet in love, and part in peace, 
 C)ar hearts are warm as when of yore i By sweet Kenoza's shore. 
 
 Our songs ascended here ; i Chorus— ^y sweet Kenoza's shore, my friends. 
 
 And here by sweet Kenoza's shore, i By sweet Kenoza's shore, 
 
 AVe pledge to memory dear. ' ; -v^'e'ii meet in love and part in peace 
 
 Chorus — We pledge to memory dear, my friends, •tc- By sweet Kenoza's shore. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 531 
 
 In 1859, Fourth, Huntington and Cedar streets were accepted; and in 1861, 
 Linden, Franklin, John, Harrison, Washingtan avenue, Beacon, Temple 
 and Duston streets were accepted, and Moore and Dow streets straightened 
 and widened." In January, 1861, Fleet and Court streets were also for- 
 mally accepted by the town. For the information of those not familiar 
 with the usual modern custom in the laying out of new streets, we should, 
 perhaps, add, that, in nearly every instance, new streets in New England 
 villages are first laid out and graded by the owners of the adjoining lands, 
 for the purpose of opening a way for the sale of house-lots, and it is 
 Tisually several years from such laying out before they are formally accepted 
 by the town as public highways. 
 
 « The work on the latter has as yet only been done on paper. 
 
§32 HISTORY OF HAtERHltiy 
 
 CHAPTEE XXVIII. 
 
 THE MANUFACTURE OF SHOES AND HATS IMPROVEMENTS. 
 
 The first shoemaker in this town was doubtless Andrew Greeley, wh(5 
 came here in 16-16, and some of whose descendants still reside here, and 
 are engaged in the shoe business. From the above date until within the 
 present century, shoemaking was confined almost cscbasively to the wants 
 of our own community. Shoes were not made up in quantities, and kept 
 on hand for sale, like most kinds of goods at the present day ; much less 
 were they manufactured for foreign consumption. The time is almost 
 within the memory of persons now living, when it was the common custom^ 
 outside of the villages, for shoemakers to " whip the stump; " ie. go from 
 house to house, stopping at each long enough to make up a year's supply 
 of shoes for the family. Farmers usually kept a supply of leather on 
 hand for family use, and in many cases they were their own cobblers. 
 Sometimes a farmer was also the shoemaker for the whole neighborhood, 
 and worked at the latter employment on rainy days, and during the winter 
 season. 
 
 In villages, the " village cobbler," or shoemaker, gradually came to 
 keep a little stock of leather on hand, and to exchange shoes with the 
 farmers, tanners, traders, and others, for produce, leather, foreign goods, 
 &c. In this village, as late as 1794, there is said to have been but twa 
 shoemakers. Mr, Robert Willis remembers being in the shop of Enoch 
 Marsh, in that year, when the latter was making a pair of shoes for Capt. 
 Benjamin Willis, — of the privateer brig -Se^sey — between the soles of 
 which a layer of gold pieces were placed. The precaution proved to have 
 been timely, as the brig was captured the same voyage. 
 
 In course of time, storekeepers began to keep a few shoes on hand for 
 sale. This natvirally grew out of the barter system of trade, then so com- 
 mon. They bartered with the shoemakers for their shoes ; bartered the 
 shoes with the back country farmers for produce ; and then bartered the 
 produce for English and West India Goods. 
 
 In August, 1795, Moses Gale, of this town, advertised that he had 
 "several thousand" fresh and dry hides, which he would exchange for 
 
HISTORY OP HATERHILt. 633 
 
 feiioes, and -would give credit until the shoes could he made froin the same 
 hides. This is the earliest authentic information we have found of what 
 may be called a wholesale shoe business in the town. From this time, th6 
 manufacture of shoes began to increase quite rapidly. 
 
 Among the earliest to engage in the manufacture of shoes, were Moses 
 and James Atwood, who also kept a store in the village. During the war 
 of 1812, the first named sent a waggon load of shoes to Philadelphia, on 
 which he realized a handsome profit. These must have been about the 
 first shoes sent in that direction."- David How was also one of the first to 
 encourage their wholesale manufacture. He is thought by some to have 
 been the very first to send shoes to the south, in large quantities. He was 
 for some years the largest manufacturer in town. Wesley Balch is said to 
 have been the first one to manufacture roan shoes. If so, he must have 
 commenced previous to 1814, as in that year we find " ladies' black Moroc^ 
 CO shoes, with heels ; ladies' colored Morocco shoes, with heels ; and ladies' 
 colored and black sandals, with heels; for sale by Chase & Cogswell," in 
 this town. Amos Chase, who lived where J. B. Spiller now resides, made 
 "roan ties" about 1810. He manufactured only what himself and one 
 or two apprentices could make. They were spring-heeled, and without 
 any stiff"ening at the heel. There were no pegged shoes made at that time. 
 A few pegs were made by hand for pegging heels together. At that time 
 no regard was paid to the sizes, or to the number of pairs in a case. 
 Leonard Whittier was one of the first to put up regular sizes in each case. 
 
 Aroct M. Hatch was in the shoe business here in 1812. Mr. Hatch 
 was a native of Ashby, but was brought up in the family of Deacon 
 Balch, of East Bradford. He married a sister of Paul Spofford, of George^ 
 town, and soon after went with the latter to Salem, N. H., where they 
 commenced the manufacture of shoes. After carrying on the business at 
 that place about a year, they returned to Haverhill, and commenced in 
 the Bannister block, as Hatch & Spofi'ord. This was about 1817. 
 
 Phineas Webster was one of the earliest, if not the very first, who made 
 the wholesale manufacture of shoes his sole business. He commenced 
 about 1815. At first, he exchanged most of his shoes in Danvers, for 
 Morocco and leather. The Danvers tanners and curriers packed their 
 shoes in barrels, sugar boxes, tea chests and hogsheads, without regard to 
 sizes or qualities, and shipped them to Philadelphia and Baltimore, where 
 
 ° Mr. Atwood subsequently retooved to Philadelphia, and fonnded the first wholesale shoe house in 
 that city. 
 
634 HISTORY OF HAVERHILt. 
 
 tliey were exclianged for a variety of produce, &c. On arriving at tliese 
 ports, the vessels would be visited by crowds of people, to trade for shoes. 
 The captain would thereupon hoist up his barrel or sugar box of shoes, at 
 once converting the deck of his vessel into a retail shoe shop, and "dicker 
 off" his stock. Mr. Webster is still engaged in the business, in connection 
 with his son. Samuel Chase came to Haverhill in 1815, from Portsmouth, 
 K. H., where he had kept a custom shoe shop. He has from that time to 
 the present year (1860) been one of our most extensive shoe manufactur- 
 ers, as well as most worthy and respected citizens. Warner Whittier was 
 in the business as early as 1818, and probably earlier, and was for many 
 years one of the most extensive manufacturers in the place. His son, and 
 successor, Warner E. Whittier, Esq., is still in the business. 
 
 In January, 1818, Thoroas Tileston, who had been engaged in the prints 
 ing business in this town, removed to New York City, where he received 
 large consignments of shoes and hats from the manufacturers in Haverhill, 
 and established, in connection with Paul Spofford, one of our Haverhill 
 shoe-manufacturers> one of the largest, if not the largest, shoe houses in 
 that city. 
 
 Eliphalet Noyes manufactured in the Bannister Block in 1820. His 
 shoes were all made in his own shop, and were mostly " women's run-round 
 ties," black and colored. 
 
 Thomas Meady was in the business here in 1817, at which date, it has 
 been estimated, there were probably about two hundred shoemakers in town. 
 Meady sent many of his shoes to Eichmond, and Norfolk, Va. 
 
 James Noyes came here in 1820, at which time Moses French was man^ 
 ufacturing sale shoes, where Haseltine's store now stands, on Water street; 
 and Eben Chase carried on the business where Hunking's block now stands. 
 Jesse Harding was then the only Morocco dresser in town. The father of 
 Mr. Noyes made shoes when the fashion was "picked toes, and wooden 
 heels." 
 
 Daniel Hobson commenced the business in Bradford, in 1824, and re- 
 moved to Haverhill in 1828. He made mostly men's heeled pumps, with 
 strap and buckle. " Hobson's pumps " were for years a standard article; 
 Mr. Hobson is still in the business. 
 
 John Follonsbee manufactured shoes near the bridge, in 182G. He af- 
 terward went to Philadelphia, where he engaged in the sho'e trade. 
 
 David P. Harmon commenced the business in 1826, and with the excep- 
 tion of a few years, has continued it to the present time. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 535 
 
 In March, 1832, there were twenty-eight shoe manufacturers in the 
 town, viz : — 
 
 Jacob Caldwell"' 
 Caldwell & Pierce 
 Anthony Chase'-'' 
 Tappan Chase'-' 
 Samuel Chase 
 Charles Davis 
 Benjamin Emerson, 2d 
 Jesse Emersonf 
 Samuel George 
 Joseph Greely 
 
 Gubtal & Haseltine 
 Harmon & Kimball 
 Moses Haynesf 
 Caleb Hersey 
 Keely & Chase 
 Eichard Kimball 
 Oliver P. Lake' ■' 
 Thomas Meady 
 James Noyes 
 Peter Osgood 
 
 Page & Kimball . 
 Daniel S. Perley 
 Samuel EussellJ 
 Job Tyler 
 Isiah Websterf 
 David Whitaker§ 
 Whittier & George 
 John Woodman 
 
 Of the above, at least sixteen kept " English and West India Goods " 
 at the same time. (Cash was a very small part of the price paid for mak- 
 ing the shoes.) 
 
 Prominent amojig the causes of the somewhat sudden increase in the 
 manufacture of shoes, are to be found, first, the finishing of goat, kid and 
 sheep skins in the form of Morocco, and, second, the invention of turned 
 shoes. The first Morocco used in this town came from Danvers and New- 
 buryport. The first Morocco dresser in town, was Jesse Harding. The first 
 turned shoes made in this vicinity, were made by a " tramping jour," who 
 learned the art in Philadelphia. He was hired in Charlestown, by James 
 Gardner, of Bradford, for whom he worked long enough to allow others to 
 secure the grand secret. His shoes excited a great deal of curiosity at 
 the time, and large numbers of persons went to see how they were made. 
 The introduction of these light, neat, cheap and comparatively durable 
 shoes, in place of the heavy styles then in common use, seems to have 
 given a decided impulse to shoe manufacturing in this town, and from that 
 time the business rapidly increased, until it became the principal, and 
 almost the only manufacturing business in the town. 
 
 In 1818, Mr. Eufus Slocomb commenced the regular running of a two- 
 horse " baggage waggon" between Haverhill and Boston, for the transpor- 
 tation of freight. The enterprise proved a success, and he was gradually 
 obliged to increase his freighting facilities, until, about 1835, he kept 
 about forty horses, and two yoke of oxen constantly employed in the busi- 
 ness, and his large covered wagons almost literall}' lined the road from this 
 
 o East Parish. f West Parish. X Pond Street. § North Parish. 
 
536 
 
 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 town to Boston. The largest freight he ever transported in one day, was 
 in the spring of 1836, when he had full loads from this town for forty-one 
 horses and eight oxen. 
 
 Of the amount of business done by Mr. Slocomb previous to 1824, we 
 have no definite data ; but the following table gives the number of trips 
 made, and the number of cases of shoes transported by him, from this 
 town to Boston, from that year to 1836, inclusive, and also the number of 
 tons of return freight : — 
 
 ■ To Boston. 
 
 From Boston. 
 
 Years. 
 
 Trips. 
 
 Cases. 
 
 Tons. 
 
 Lbs. 
 
 Tons. 
 
 Lbs. 
 
 182-t 
 
 98 
 
 2197 
 
 144 
 
 617 
 
 172 
 
 1312 
 
 1825 
 
 103 
 
 2805 
 
 161 
 
 184 
 
 168 
 
 1419 
 
 1826 
 
 102 
 
 2963 
 
 169 
 
 1930 
 
 254 
 
 1014 
 
 1827 
 
 95 
 
 3057 
 
 177 
 
 731 
 
 144 
 
 1518 
 
 1828 
 
 96 
 
 4177 
 
 200 
 
 434 
 
 228 
 
 116 
 
 1829 
 
 99 
 
 5158 
 
 253 
 
 229 
 
 233 
 
 1326 
 
 1830 
 
 104 
 
 7008 
 
 350 
 
 538 
 
 273 
 
 929 
 
 1831 
 
 103 
 
 9474 
 
 456 
 
 1020 
 
 400 
 
 427 
 
 1832 
 
 103 
 
 11039 
 
 507 
 
 908 
 
 426 
 
 729 
 
 1833 
 
 103 
 
 10966 
 
 643 
 
 '819 
 
 400 
 
 117 
 
 1834 
 
 95 
 
 12037 
 
 547 
 
 206 
 
 638 
 
 1925 
 
 1835 
 
 103 
 
 19096 
 
 860 
 
 1219 
 
 696 
 
 1627 
 
 1836 
 
 114 
 
 26955 
 
 909 
 
 532 
 
 946 
 
 180 
 
 
 1319 
 
 116932. 
 
 5288 
 
 1367 1 
 
 1 4984 
 
 639 
 
 In March, 1837, there were in town forty-two shoe manufacturers, and 
 fourteen tanners and leather dealers. The following is a list of their 
 names : — 
 
 SHOE MANUFACTUEERS. 
 
 George & Whittier, 
 John Woodman, 
 Charles Hazeltine, 
 James Noyes, 
 Peirce Emerson & Co., 
 Benjamin Emerson, 
 Emerson & West, 
 Nathaniel Currier, jr., 
 Fitts & Eoberts, 
 Marsh & Hutchinson, 
 Brickett & Noyes, 
 
 George W. Lee, 
 Eoswell Farnum, 
 Anthony Chase, 
 J. & N. S. Fuller, 
 Charles Davis, ' 
 John C. Tilton, 
 Johnson & George, 
 Charles G. Grimes, 
 James Grimes, 
 Benjamin Buswell, 
 Harmon Kimball & Co., 
 
 Samuel Chase, 
 Whittier & Swett, 
 John Kelly & Co., 
 Keely, Chase & Co., 
 Moses Nichols & Co., 
 Abel Page, 
 Bradley & Hersey, 
 Pecker & Brickett, 
 Daniel Hobson & Co. 
 Ingalls & Johnson, 
 Eichard Kimball, 
 
lilSTORY OF IIAYHIUIILL. 537 
 
 Tappau Chase, Samuel George, Samuel Spillcr & Son, 
 
 Jesse Simonds, "William Hoyt, John S. Webster, 
 
 Joseph Greely, Elbridge Souther, Cornelius Jenness. 
 
 TANNEES AND LEATHEK DEALEKS. 
 
 llersey & Whitticr, Ward Brickett, Blodgett & Head, 
 
 i]dwards & Harding,. L. & C. Worthen, William Burgin, 
 
 Hayes & Bemberton, John Woodman, Aaron Gile, 
 
 Thomas Harding, Nathaniel Currier, liufus K. Knowles. 
 
 liichard K. Wheeler, E^lmund Kimball, 
 
 Of the sixty names included in the above list of shoe manufacturers, 
 we believe but twenty-one are now engaged in the same business ; and of 
 the tanners and leather dealers, we believe but two (Caleb Hersey and J, 
 D. Blodgett) are in the business at the time of writing, (May, 1861). 
 
 The shoe manufacturers in West Bradford (now Bradford) at the same 
 time, were 
 
 Josiah Brown, William Day & Co., Guy Carleton, jr., 
 
 Leonard Johnson, J. P. Montgomery & Co. Pressey & Fletcher. 
 
 Samuel Heath, Ordway & Webster, 
 
 Kimball Farrar, Leather Dealer. 
 
 Of these, only Messrs. Johnson, Heath, Ordway, and Farrar, are still 
 in the .business, — all of whom are now in Haverhill. 
 
 The financial " panic" of 1837, was especially disastrous to the manu- 
 facturing interests of this town, and many of its best citizens fell victims 
 to the reverses which followed. It was a serious blow to Haverhill, and 
 it was upward of ten years before it fairly recovered from the shock. 
 
 The discovery of the gold fields of California, and the rapid settlement 
 of the Great West, by opening new markets for the various kinds of man- 
 ufactured goods, gave a fresh impulse to the manufacturing interests in 
 Massachusetts, and in this prosperity our town was a full sharer, as its 
 rapid growth in population, wealth, and business, fully proves. 
 
 In 1857, there were in the town upward of ninety shoe manufactories, 
 eighty-two of which were located in the central village. Besides these, 
 there were eighteen inner sole and stifi"ening manufactories. In 1859, the 
 number of shoe manufactories in the village was ninety. In 1860, there 
 were in the town, according- to the returns of the assessors, ninety-eight 
 shoe factories, and two boot and shoe factories. Of these, nine were situ- 
 ated in that part of the town known as Ayer's Village. 
 
 The following table, prepared from the books of the Boston & Maine 
 Railroad Co., gives the number of cases of shoes forwarded by them from 
 68 
 
HISTORY OF nAYEEHILSi. 
 
 Haverliill in 1850, 1855, and 1860. The table does not include tlie large 
 number forwarded over tlie road in passenger trains, in tlie care of the 
 Express : — 
 
 Years. 
 
 ISoO 
 1855 
 1860 
 
 Jan. I Feb. I Mai. 
 
 053215207 4205 
 5700 7086J6609 
 44441726417278 
 
 Apl.lMay 
 
 2746 
 3555 
 623613202 3969 
 
 2S12J1956 
 3S99i328S 
 
 June 
 
 July lAug 
 
 7683 4811 
 SOlO 9249 
 
 Sept 
 
 3720 
 5400 
 10708!l0718i7468 
 
 Oct.|Nov|Dec.|Total. 
 
 2ol6!l725 2359 46,272 
 34491 1833!l900 59,984 
 3983ll63-3l 953167,856 
 
 To the above number for 1855 should -be added about seven thousand case-S 
 sent by express, making in all, for that year, about sixty-seven thousand 
 cases. In addition to the number for I860, should be' added about ten 
 thousand cases forwarded by express, (in passenger trains) and about sixteen 
 thousand cases forwarded via Georgetown.'-' This gives a total of ninet}'- 
 three thousand eight hundred and fifty-six cases, which we believe to be 
 very near the actual number manufactured and sold in that year. Esti- 
 mating them to have averaged fifty-five pairs per case, and to have sold 
 for an average of forty dollars per case, and we have for that year a total 
 of five million one hundred and sixty-two thousand and eighty pairs, val- 
 ued at the large sum of $3,754,240. 
 
 The equality of the goods manufactured in this town has kept j^ace with 
 the increased maniifacture, and we have no hesitation in saying that, in 
 this particular, as well as in respect to styles and variety, our manufac^ 
 turers are not behind those of any other place in Xew England. 
 
 AVe would gladly have closed this brief sketch of the rise and progress 
 of the shoe manufacture in our town, by the announcement that the busi- 
 ness was still in a healthy condition, and our manufacturers reaping 
 abundant rewards for their enterprise and skill. But the fact is other- 
 wise. The " panic of 1857," against which our manufacturers stood up 
 with almost unbroken front, had hardly allowed business to resume its 
 wonted channels, and the restoration of commercial confidence, when the 
 southern " Secession," with its long train of deplorable results, over- 
 whelmed the whole country. While we are writing, (July, 1861) a deep 
 financial gloom covers the entire business prospects of our town. Business 
 is almost totally suspended, and an unwonted stillness reigns in our 
 streets. Close upon the heels of broken state faith, has followed indi- 
 vidual repudiation, distress, and financial ruin. It is estimated that the 
 manufacturers of this town now hold upward of half a million of dollars 
 in protested notes, from which but a small percentage will, in all proba- 
 
 P The exact number of eases transported by this raih'oad from December 1, 1859, to March 20, 1860, 
 was eighteen thousand one huntired and tweuty-four. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 539 
 
 bility, ever be realized. More than one wlio expected ere long to be able 
 to ijass the remainder of liis days in pleasant retirement from active busi- 
 ness, has seen the bright hopes of long years dashed to the gTOund, and 
 their place taken by grim visions of grey-haired poverty. The full eifect 
 of this sad reverse in the business of our town, cannot now be foretold, 
 but that many years must intervene before it will return to its previous 
 financial condition, is too evident to admit of doubt. 
 
 The manufacture of hats has been carried on in this town to a consider- 
 able extent for about one hundred years. The first hatter of whom we 
 have found certain mention, was Jonathan Webster, in 1747, though 
 Ave very much doubt if he was the first man who followed that trade in 
 the town. Many of our readers will remember Mr. Daniel Appleton who 
 carried on the business in the village in 1800, and earlier. He erected 
 the building recently torn down to make place for the new stores now being 
 erected by Mr. Le Bosquet, on the corner of Main Street and Mechanic's 
 Court. The building was erected especially for his business, and the 
 whole of the second floor, and a part of the first fioor, was occupied by 
 him for a hat factory. Mr. Appleton's father, (Daniel) and also his 
 grandfather, (Samuel) were hatters. Daniel, senior, carried on the busi- 
 ness, at the place already mentioned, for many years, when he was suc- 
 ceeded by his son. 
 
 A Mr. Ladd was engaged in the business here for many years previous 
 to 1800, at which time he was quite an old man. His shop stood on the 
 site of the brick building next south of the Town House. Nathaniel 
 Marsh was also engaged in the business about the same time. He occu- 
 pied the building recently removed from the site of the new brick block of 
 Messrs. Wadleigh & Eaton, which building he erected for his hatting 
 business.'"' These had all discontinued the business previous to 1805. 
 
 In 1815, Nathan Webster, who learned his trade of his brother, Jona- 
 than,! set up the business in the building now occupied as a dwelling 
 house by Andrew Johnson, on the southeast corner of Moore and AVater 
 Streets. At first he employed two apprentices, but gradually extended 
 his business mitil he furnished employment to upwards of twenty journey- 
 men, six to eight apprentices, and twenty girls. He built the two large 
 brick buildings on the east side of G-reen Street, (now changed to dwell- 
 
 * The old building now stands on the wharf, in the rear of Tilton's Building, a few rods southwest of 
 its original site. 
 t Jonathan learned his trade of Stephen Webster, who died in tlic Almshouse, in 1859, at an advanced 
 
540 HISTORY OP nATERHILl. 
 
 ing houses) and was for a time one of the largest manufacturers in New 
 England. In 1835, Mr. Webster formed a copartnership with his brother 
 David, who had also carried on the business in town since 1818. 
 
 The first manufacturer of hats in the West Parish, appears to have been 
 Isaac How, (a brother of the late David How) who married the widow of 
 Pearley Ayer, and soon after commenced the business, near the foot of 
 Scotland Hill. Mr. How was succeeded by his sons, Phineas and Isaac, 
 each of whom carried on the business quite extensively for many years. 
 Phineas purchased the old gTist mill at the outlet of Creek Pond, which 
 he converted into a hat factory. It is still used for the same purpose. 
 Isaac, Junior, was one of the largest manufacturers of his time, making 
 at one time from forty to fifty dozens per day. (This was about 1835.) 
 
 Among the first to learn the trade of the first named Isaac How, was 
 John Ayer, his son-in-law, who afterward set up the business for himself, 
 near " Greenleaf 's corner," about one mile east of the present Ayer's Vil- 
 lage, where he carried on the business for several years. In 1801, Mr, 
 Ayer removed to the place lately occupied by his son-in-law, Jonathan 
 Crowell, at Ayer's Village, where he continued to carry on the business 
 for many years. Mr. Crowell learned his trade of Mr. Ayer, whose 
 daughter he married, and succeeded him in the business. Mr. Ayer at 
 * one time employed four journeymen and four apprentices, which was con- 
 sidered a " great business " for one man to carry on. 
 
 Mr. Crowell continued to carry on the business for upward of forty 
 years, and until his death, in ISGO. Among those in his employ at the 
 time of his death, were Mr. J. B. Merrill, who had been in his service, as 
 apprentice and journeyman, for thirty- four years ; and Mr. Amos Saun- 
 ders, who had worked for him nearly forty years. At the time of his 
 death, Mr. Crowell, in connection with his son, Calvin W., and his nephew, 
 Edwin F. Ayer, (a grandson of the first named John Ayer,) under the 
 style of Jonathan Crowell & Co., was manufacturing about eight hundred 
 dozen hats per month, averaging in value about six dollars and fifty cents 
 per dozen, and giving employment to about fifty persons. 
 
 John Ayer, son of the first named John, carried on the business at the 
 above named village for many years, where he still resides, though retired 
 from active business. 
 
 Among the firms now engaged in the business at the above place, arc 
 Ayer & Brothers, grandsons of the first named John Ayer. They give 
 employment to about thirty persons, and manufacture about four hundred 
 and fifty dozen hats per month. The only other establishment of the kind 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 541 
 
 in that village, is that of John A. Houston & Co., who employ ahont fif- 
 teen persons, and turn out about two hundred and fifty dozen hats per 
 month. 
 
 Besides the above named persons, the following have been engaged in 
 the business in the'West Parish, since the business was first introduced: — 
 
 Gleason, Lewis Bailey, Eben Mitchel, Moses Lull, Jonathan and 
 
 Timothy Emerson, Stephen and Captain Joseph Webster, Stephen Ptun- 
 nels, Joseph and Jonathan Webster, and most probably others whose 
 names have not reached us, 
 
 The hats made by Isaac How, John Ayer, and others, in the West 
 Parish, were of wool, and in nearly the present general style of common 
 wool hats. They were carried to Boston, Salem, and other places, for 
 sale, on horseback. Subsequently, Mr. How had a pair of wheels, with 
 shafts attached, which he used for the purpose. One or two boxes of 
 hats were hung below the axle, while the driver mounted a rude seat above, 
 and thus jogged to market, with no little pride. Mr. How's wheels were 
 for several years the only ones of the kind in the town, and his cotempo- 
 raries in the business frequently borrowed them to carry their own goods 
 to market. The next improvement in the way of transportation, was the 
 introduction of horse-carts. In 1804, there were but two of these in 
 town. These were owned by Ezekiel Hale and Daniel Appleton. The 
 common quality of hats, which were called " Negro hats," sold for five to 
 six dollars per dozen. Ladd, Appleton, and Marsh, made mostly "fur 
 beaver" hats — ^. e., made of the fur of the beaver. Besides these, they 
 made raccoon and muskrat hats, principally for farmers, and common 
 people, for every day use. The best fur hats cost about seven dollars 
 each, and were intended to last a lifetime. A man usually purchased one 
 with his wedding coat, and in most cases he never had occasion to replace 
 it. It was only worn to meeting, and on great and special occasions. It 
 was put on and taken off by carefully taking hold of the buttons which 
 held the turned-up rim, and from Sabbath day to Sabbath day again, with 
 the exceptions mentioned, rested unmolested upon its own particular peg 
 in the " front entry." 
 
 The style of fur hats made seventy years ago, were rounding tops, about 
 five inches high, with rims six inches wide. From this the crown gradu- 
 ally extended to nine and a half inches, and the rim as gradually dimin- 
 ished to one and a quarter inches. At the same time the top of the crown 
 gradually enlarged, until it was two inches larger than the bottom. This 
 was the narrow rimmed bellrcrowned hat of forty years ago, and even 
 later. 
 
542 IIISTOKY OF HAYERHILL. 
 
 About 1820, Lieutenant Parker Greenougli, of tliis town, made some 
 hats, with pasteboard bodies, covered with cotton plush. These did not 
 "go well," and were superseded by silk hats, which were introduced soon 
 after. The first silk hats made in this town were finished by Nathaniel 
 Carleton, then in the employ of David "Webster. Carleton learned the 
 art in Danvers. The first lot of the new hats was finished on Satuixlay 
 afternoon, and every one (fourteen in all) was sold the same evening, and 
 duly appeared at church the next day. 
 
 Nathan Webster made large numbers of "napped" hats. Some of 
 these were fur bodies, napped with beaver ; and others were muskrat naps 
 on wool bodies. The quantity of beaver used in napping varied from one 
 to two ounces per hat. The process of napping was invented by a man in 
 Baltimore, and has been but little known in any other country. The in- 
 troduction of silk hats, which have never been made to any great extent 
 in this town, bas finally almost driven the old fur hat out of existence, 
 and but very te-w. are now made or worn. 
 
 The only wholesale hat manufactory in the central village at the present 
 time, is that of Messrs. How & Mitchell, on Fleet Street. =■■= This firm 
 occupy the whole of the large four story brick building erected for their 
 use, by James H. Duncan, Escp, giving employment to about one hundred 
 persons, and have for several years manufactured an average of seventy- 
 five dozen hats per day, valued at an average of seven dollars per dozen. 
 The material of their hats is wool, which has almost entirely superceded 
 the more expensive fur.f Of these they manufacture nearly one hundred 
 different styles and qualities, suited to the wants and tastes of nearly 
 every class of people, from Nova Scotia all around to Oregon. 
 
 As many and great changes have been made in the general appearance 
 of the town — particulai'ly that part of it included in the First Parish — 
 during the last quarter of a century, by the erection of new buildings, 
 the laying out of new streets, and other improvements, perhaps we cannot 
 more fittingly close this, the last chapter of our general history, than by 
 giving a brief sketch of the more prominent of these changes and improve- 
 ments. 
 
 Some idea of the growth of the central village may be judged by the 
 fact that it now contains upward of twelve hundred dwelling houses, and 
 
 <* Mr. (P. B.) How is a son of Phineas, and a grandson of Isaac How, both of whom were extensive 
 hatters. Mr. (Eben) Mitchell is a son of Eben, — also a hatter. 
 
 t Almost the only fur hats now made are those known as " soft felt." These, and wool hats of similar 
 styles, are now the most common business hats worn ; while the stiff and glossy black silk hats (not in- 
 ajiUy nicknamed "stove-pipe " hats) are the fashionable dress hats of the present time. 
 
HISTORY OF IIAVERniLL. 543 
 
 about one himclred and fifty stores and manufactories. One hundred and 
 six of tlie latter arc of brick, — nearly all of them in blocks, of two to 
 six stores each, and of three and four stories in height. The south side 
 of Merrimack Street, from the Great Eridge to the Little Eiver Bridge, 
 presents a nearly unbroken line of handsome three and four story brick 
 structures, mostly occupied for shoe manufacturing purposes. The north 
 side of the street presents a similar view from Main Street to the " Sal- 
 tonstall Place." "West of the latter, and immediately adjoining, there is 
 a single brick block of two stores. The several streets on " Baptist Hill " 
 show comparatively few vacant lots for building purposes. But the most 
 important improvement in this section of the village, has taken place on 
 the estate of the late Captain Nehemiah Emerson, situated between AYinter 
 Street, How Street, and Little Eiver. This estate was laid out for building 
 purposes in 1844, since which time ninety-six handsome dwelling houses 
 have been built upon it. The district included between the Merrimack 
 and Little Eivers, and Winter and Main Streets, now contains one hundred 
 and sixty dwelling houses, and eighty brick and twenty-six wooden stores, or 
 manufactories. Between Little Eiver, Pecker's Hill, Mount Washington," 
 and the Merrimack, there are one hundred and sixty-five dwelling houses, 
 one brick and two wooden stores. North of Winter Street, and between 
 Little Eiver and a line running northwesterly from the southerly end of 
 White Street, there are one hundred and sixty-seven dwelling houses, at 
 least nine-tenths of which have been erected within about twelve years. 
 Between Main, White and Winter Streets there are ninety-six dwelling 
 houses, seven-eighths of which have been built within twenty years, and 
 probably three-quarters of those within the last twelve years. Xorth of 
 AYhite Street, and between the north-westerly line, above mentioned, and 
 Main Street, there are now seventy-two dwelling houses, all but one of 
 which have been erected since 1850, and nine-tenths of which have been 
 built since 1855. This gives us a total of eight hundred and sixty dwell- 
 ing houses, and one hundred and forty-one stores, west of Main Street, 
 exclusive of shops, barns, and other out-buildings. 
 
 Passing to the east of Main Street, we find, between Main, Summer and 
 Mill Streets, and the Eiver, one hundred and ninety-one dwelling houses, 
 twenty-five brick and seven wooden stores ; and to the north of Summer, 
 and between Main and Mill Streets, eighty-four dwelling houses. Easterly 
 of Mill Street are about twenty dwelling houses. 
 
 * The name given to the bluff, or table land, lyin? between the railroad and Silver's hill. It was 
 handsomely laid out into streets and house-lots, in ISOo, and now contains twenty dwelling houses. 
 
644 UISTOEY OF UATEKIIILL. 
 
 Within the above described limits are also eleven churches, viz : -^ — the 
 Unitarian, corner of Main and Crescent Street; Centre Congregational, 
 corner of Main and Vestry Streets; First Baptist, corner of Merrimack and 
 Pecker Streets ; First Universalist, corner of Summer Street and Bart- 
 lett's Avenue ; South, (Christian Union) corner of "Washington Street 
 and Washington Square ; Winter Street, (formerly Union Evangelical, 
 now Free Will Baptist) corner of Winter and Franklin Streets ; Taberna- 
 cle, (formerly Second Advent, now occupied by Eev. Henry Plummer,) 
 on Tabernacle Street ; Trinity, (Protestant Episcopal) corner of AVhite and 
 William Streets ; St. Gregory (Catholic) corner of Harrison and Lancaster 
 streets ; Methodist Fpiscojml, Winter street, near Main Street ; and the 
 North Church, (Orthodox Congregational) corner of Main and White 
 Streets. The following religious societies hold regular services, but are 
 not provided with church edifices : — The Randall Free Will Baptist, 
 meeting in Eandall Hall, on Duston Street ; the Second Advent, meeting in 
 Athenasum Hall, (Duncan's Building) ; and the Third Baptist, worshijj- 
 ping in Music Hall, Winter Street, near Spring Street. 
 
 The whole number of church edifices in the town at the present time, 
 is sixteen, viz. : eleven in the First Parish, two in the East Parish, (one 
 at the Eocks' Village) ; and three in the West Parish, (one at Ayer's 
 Village) . This does not include the Plaistow, or North Parish church, 
 which is situated a few rods north of the State line. 
 
 The following table, showing the date of erection of the principal blocks 
 of stores in the central village, is not without interest, as illustrating the 
 recent rapid growth of the village : — 
 
 How & Carleton, (Main Street) 1794 Tilton Block (cor. Fleet St.) 1852 
 
 Willis Block, (Water Street) 1811 Duncan & Carleton,- 1852 
 
 Merrimack Bank, 1814 Exchange Building, 1854 
 
 Bannister Block, 1815 Marsh Block, 1854 
 White's Corner Block, 1808 Essex Block, 1856 and 1859 
 
 Woodman's Building, 1824 Franklin Block, 1856 
 
 Bank Building, (Main Street) 1831 Masonic Hall, 1856 
 
 Haseltine's Building, (Water Last Factory, (Fleet Street) 1857 
 
 Street) 1836 Chase's Block, 1857 
 
 Granite Eange, 1836 Tilton's Block, 1857 
 
 Kittredge Block,_ 1840 Hat Factory, (Fleet Street) 1857 
 
 Currier's Block, 1849 Whittier Block, 1858 
 
 ^ This ■was one of the very first full iron front buildings erected in the State. 
 
lilSTORY OF HAVERHILL. S46 
 
 Osgood's Block, 1821 and 1833 Haverliill Bank Building, 1859 
 
 Kimball's Building, 1850 Brickctt Building, 1860 
 
 Huukings & Duty, 1851 Machine Shop, 1860 
 
 Manufacturers Bow, 1850 and 1852 Lebosquet Block, 1861 
 
 Passing out of the central village, we find comparatively few changes 
 calling for special notice. Near the junction of the Salem, N. H., and 
 Derry roads, (a short distance west of the summit of Pecker's Hill) a 
 large number of house lots have been laid out, about a dozen houses 
 erected, and the locality christened " Mount Pleasant." Three and a 
 half miles further west, we come to " Ayer's Village," the most busy and 
 thriving locality, outside of the principal village, in the town. The village 
 proper (a part of which lies in the town of Methuen) contains about thirty 
 dwelling houses, nine shoe manufactories, three hat manufactories, a new 
 and commodious school-house, and a new and well-finished church. The 
 part of the village included in Haverhill, contains about sixty legal voters. 
 The principal shoe manufacturers in the place, are Phineas Haynes and 
 Amos Hazeltine, who commenced the business in the winter of 1852-3* 
 They give employment to about seventy-five persons each. In Octoberj 
 1855, Mr. Haseltine opened the first store in the place. A second store 
 was opened in 1857, by Monroe Ayer, who also erected a fine hall over 
 his store for public meetings, &c. A pleasant, as well as somewhat re- 
 markable fact connected with this thriving village, is found in the close 
 relationship of its inhabitants. We believe that not only is every busi- 
 ness man in the place a native of the immediate vicinity, but they are all 
 more or less intimately connected by the ties of consanguinity. Long may 
 they live together, as now, a " band of brothers." 
 
 The North and East Parishes show but few external changes within the 
 past quarter of a century, beyond the occasional erection of new dwelling 
 houses, and the removal of old ones." It is only when we enter the 
 dwellings and enquire for those who dwelt there but a score of years 
 agone, that we feel the full force of time's great but silent changes* 
 Not one in ten of the familiar faces of twenty years ago, will be found 
 
 <5 We should, perhaps, make special mention of the enlargement of the old burial-ground near the 
 Eocks, — its re-naming, as Greenu'ood Cemetery, — and the erection of a neat iron fence in front of 
 the same, in 1850. These improvements were mostly made by the ladies of the vicinity. In 1859, A 
 large and handsome two-story wooden building was erected about midway between the Second Baptist, 
 Church and the village, for school purposes. The cost of the building was about $2,000. 
 
 69 
 
546 HISTORY OF HAVEEUILL. 
 
 to-daj ; not one in ten of the fair fields now yield their increase to the 
 same hands that tilled them then. And so it will be, kind reader, with 
 each returning score of years ; while you and I can claim no exemption from 
 the ceaseless change. A few more suns, — how few, 'tis not for us to know, 
 — and we shall moulder in our parent dust. Happy will it be for each 
 of us, if, when the summons calls us hence, we can say of the great 
 Work of life — 
 
 - IT IS FINISHED." 
 
HISTORY OF IIATERHILL. 547 
 
 CHAPTEE XXIX. 
 
 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 
 
 Previous to the erection of the northern part of the town into a sepa- 
 rate precinct, or parish, in 1728, the whole town was virtually one parish, 
 and matters that are now left entirely with each parish, or religious society, 
 were then considered and disposed of in the town meetings, and the record 
 of such action then became a part of the Town Piecords. Having incor- 
 porated the vital parts of these records into the preceding chapters of our 
 history, we shall endeavor, in considering the Ecclesiastical history of the 
 town, to avoid a repetition, as far as is consistent with the accomplishment 
 of our present object. 
 
 The earliest records of the church still preserved, is " A list of ye 
 names of Persons, adults and infants, Baptized in Haverhill Church By 
 Benjan Kolfe Pastor; " and is in the handwriting of Mr. Eolfe. It ap- 
 pears to have been originally a book made by simply stitching together a 
 quire of foolscap paper, and was afterward, with others, bound into one 
 volume. The first entry in the book, is the baptism of " Hannah, ye 
 daughter of William & Sarah Whittaker," September 24, 1693. Then 
 follows the names of three hundred and two others, closing with the bap- 
 tism of Elizabeth, daughter of Eev. •■■"August 22d, 1708, — just 
 
 one week before Mr. Eolfe's violent death by the savages. There are no 
 other records of the church, during or previous to this time, now pre- 
 served. Mr. Eolfe's successor (Eev. Joshua Uardner) commences his 
 record with the following entry: — "Anno Dom : 1711. A list of ye 
 names of persons admitted to partake of the sacrament of ye Lord's Sup- 
 per wth the church of Christ in Haverhill. Since the Eevd Mr Benjan 
 Eolf 's Death : (It was ye 8th of April In ye above mentioned year before 
 any were admitted : ye Chh yn having been not long resettled.) " 
 
 On the page immediately preceding the above, is the following interest- 
 ing statement, in the handwriting of Eev. Mr. Brown, (Mr. Gardner's 
 successor) : — 
 
 " The account of Such as were admitted to the Lord's Table in Haver- 
 hil, before ye Eevd Mr. Gardner's Ministry, sic, under the first minister 
 
 ^ Name illegible. 
 
548 IIISTOKY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 ye Eeverd Mr Ward ; & after him the Kevd Mr Eolf ; being either never 
 set down, or else the account lost; Such of them as were alive in ye Town, 
 April 1723 ; were desired to give in their names to ye Pastor then being, 
 which are as followeth " 
 
 " Deacon John White, & Lydia, his Widow Hanah Sanders (fro New- 
 wife bury) 
 
 Deacon John Hassaltine & his Mary Webster wife of Stephen 
 
 wife Mary Cop ye wife of Aaron Cop 
 
 .Daniel Lad & Lydia his wife Hanah Heath wife of Joseph 
 
 Widow Hannah Ayer, (aged 84) Martha Heath wife old Josiah 
 William Whittaker (Newb.) 
 
 Widow Euth Ayer (old) Hanah Eoberds wife of Ephrm 
 Huldah Whittaker wife of Abrr (Topsfield) 
 
 Widow Joanna Dow (old) Widow Sarah Page 
 
 Widow Hanah Dalton Mehetable Clemen, wife of Job 
 
 Widow Mary Boynton Samuel Ayer & Elizabeth his wife 
 
 Ephraim Gile & Martha his wife Hanah Jonson wife of Joseph 
 
 Eichard Hazzen & Mary his wife Elizabeth Jonson wife of Thomas 
 
 James Pecker & Ann his wife Anthony Colby (Eowley) 
 
 Widow Euth Gile Mary Brown 
 
 Widow Sarah Davis Sarah Emerson wife of Benjamin 
 
 Widow Mary Ayer Hanah Eastman wife of Jonathan 
 
 Nathaniel Merril & Sarah his wife Martha Emerson wife of Joseph 
 
 Deacon John Mash Benjamin Stanly (of Boxford) " 
 
 From the death of Eev. Mr. Eolfe, in 1708, to April 8th, 1711, there 
 were no admissions to the church. During Mr. Gardner's ministry, forty- 
 eight were admitted ; upward of one hundred and fifty baptized ; and 
 seventeen owned the covenant. Mr. Gardner died March 21, 1715. He 
 is mentioned as eminently distinguished for piety in very early life. At 
 the age of thirteen, he became a hopeful subject of divine grace, and soon 
 after began to prepare himself to preach the gospel. He entered college 
 at sixteen, and graduated at twenty ; endearing himself to all who knew 
 him by his correct habits and amiable deportment, and distinguishing him- 
 self as a scholar and a christian. He commenced preaching at twenty-one, 
 was ordained at twenty-three, and died at the early age of twenty-eight 
 years. 
 
 After the death of Mr. Gardner, the church and society seem to have 
 had considerable difficulty in their choice of a new candidate, and it was 
 
niSTORY OF HAVERHILL. 549 
 
 upward of four years before auotlaer pastor was settled. During tliis 
 time, there were thirty admissions to the church. 
 
 The only record of a regular church meeting held during this period, 
 which is now preserved, is dated May 10, 1717,'-= when the thanks of the 
 church were voted to Eev. Joseph Parsons for his " labors with us hitherto 
 in the work of ye ministry; " and he was unanimously " made choice of 
 to be their settled minister." The deacons at this time were John White 
 and John Haseltine.f 
 
 Eev. John Brown was ordained May 13, 1719, and continued with his 
 charge until his death, in 1742. During his ministry, four hundred and 
 thirty-eight persons were admitted to the church, (thirty-two by dismission 
 from other churches) ; fifty-eight adults, and one thousand and seventy-six 
 children were baptized ; and three hundred and sixteen owned the 
 covenant. 
 
 That Mr. Brown was faithful in the discharge of his ministerial duties, 
 the remarkable success attending his labors sufficiently testifies. Soon 
 after his settlement, an extensive religious revival commenced among his 
 flock, resulting in sixty-five hopeful conversions. Large accessions to the 
 church were frec^uently witnessed during his ministry. In November, 
 1727, fifty-four persons were admitted, and in the following month fifty- 
 six; making the large number of one hundred and ten, in two short 
 months. 
 
 In October, 1729, twenty-five members of the church, residents in that 
 part of Methuen now Salem, N. H., were dismissed, for the purpose of 
 joining in the formation of a church at that place. And in November, 
 1730, a similar request was made by forty-six members, " for the purpose 
 of uniting in a church state in the North Precinct," — which was granted. 
 
 This brings us to the first division of the town into Precincts or Par- 
 ishes, each of which' will now be noticed, in chronological order. The 
 subsequent divisions of the parishes iflto several religious societies, will be 
 noticed in the same order. 
 
 -- This is, in fact, the earliest record we find preserved of any church meeting in the town; — unless 
 we consider the mere entry of names and dates of admissions to the church as records of such nicetinu-s. 
 After this, we find no similar record, until January 11th, 1720-21, from which latter date we have a reg- 
 ular entry of the proceedings at the church meetings. 
 
 t In January, 1720-21, the ahove named desired to he dismissed from service as deacons ; the former 
 pleading as excuse, "his business in the affairs of State," and the latter, "his age and infirmities." 
 John Mash and James Ayer were chosen lu their stead. In February, 1727-8, Wm. White and Daniel 
 Little were chosen, and in January, 1737-8, Nicholas White and David Marsh were chosen to the same 
 office. 
 
550 HISTORY or HAVERHILL. 
 
 The First Parish. 
 
 By the erection of the northerly part of the town into a separate par- 
 ish, in 1728, the rest of the town became, as a matter of course, also a 
 distinct parish. From this time forward, strictly parish business was 
 transferred from the town to the parish meeting. The two precincts were 
 designated as the " North Parish," and the " South," or " Old" Parish. 
 Still later, the last named was called the " First " Parish, by which name 
 the legal successor of the first church and society in the town is still 
 known. 
 
 The first regular parish meeting of the latter, was held. November 24:th, 
 1729, by virtue of a warrant from Kichard Saltonstall, Justice. Captain 
 Joshua Bayley was chosen moderator, and John Eaton, Clerk. From this 
 time, parish meetings were held regularly. 
 
 In March, 1730-1, the parish voted to "give to ye Pevd Mr Brown ye 
 timber of the forte yt is about his house, to dispouse of it as he pleaseth." 
 This is the last notice we find of the old fort, or any other means of 
 defence against the Indians. 
 
 In jSTovember, 1731, petitions were received from persons in the easterly 
 part of the town, and from others in the westerly part, praying " that 
 there might be some money raised by ye parish yt they might hire a min- 
 ister to preach to ym in ye winter seson, wn bad Traviling," — but the 
 requests were refused. 
 
 In 1732, the parish enlarged the burying place, by purchasing half-an- 
 acre of land adjoining it. 
 
 The health of Mr. Brown, which had been gradually failing for some 
 time, had become so poor, that, in December, 1733, the parish voted to 
 hire another minister " to assist Mr. Brown for three months this winter." 
 The easterly and westerly parts of the town seem to have improved the 
 above opportunity to again press iflleir own claims, as we find that at 
 the first meeting called to see about an assistant for Mr. Brown, " consid- 
 erable discourse," and " some hard words," passed, but no vote was taken; 
 while at the next meeting, the vote to hire such an assistant was immedi- 
 ately followed by votes to procure, and raise money to pay, ministers for 
 each of the above named sections, for the winter following. 
 
 The success of the two wings of the parish, in securing a minister in 
 each, was undoubtedly gratifying to them, and prepared them for request- 
 ing still larger favors. AVe are not, therefore, surprised to find, that, in 
 the following February, propositions were made to divide the Old Parish 
 into three distinct parishes, and to build two new meeting-houses ; one near 
 
HISTORY OF UAVERKILL, 551 
 
 tlie touse of Nathaniel Merrill, Jr., and tlie other near that of Eichard 
 Hazzen. It was also proposed to set off to Amesbury West Parish, those 
 living near the Amesbury line, and to the North Parish, those who could 
 most conveniently attend worship at that parish. Ail these propositions 
 were negatived. 
 
 Four weeks later, a vote was passed to set off those living cast of a line 
 from Elisha Davis' to the "pond bridge," and so on by the brook to the 
 North Parish Line, into a new parish. The vote was, however, dissented 
 to by twenty-two persons living within the bounds of the proposed new 
 parish." Then, after "great Debat," and " some hard words," a commit- 
 tee was chosen to set off a parish " at the west end of the old or south 
 parish." The bounds of the latter were not settled until some time after- 
 ward, — being several jiears in dispute. 
 
 We have already mentioned, that Eev. Mr. Brown was a person of weak 
 physical constitution. Even as early as 1720, he was for several months 
 unable to preach, and the town provided a substitute. In 1733, he was 
 in a "weak state of health," and from this time jintil 1742, his parish 
 were yearly obliged to provide for the supply of the pulpit for weeks, and 
 sometimes for months at a time. Consumption at last triumphed, and, on 
 the 2nd of December, 1742, this faithful pastor fell asleep in the arms of 
 his mother earth. After his death, the parish voted to raise one hundred 
 pounds, old tenor, to defray the expenses of his funeral, which was to be 
 delivered to " Madam Brown, to be used at her discretion." 
 
 Soon after the death of Mr. Brown, an invitation to settle was extended 
 to the Eev. Edward Barnard, which was accepted, and he was ordained on 
 the 16th of April following.f 
 
 The salary of Mr. Barnard, was fixed at one hundred ounces of silver, 
 or its equivalent, annually, together with the use of all the parsonage land 
 and buildings, except one lot near the river ; and also " a reasonable sup- 
 port & maintainance when by ye providence of God he shall be disabled 
 from ye work of ye ministry, so long as he remains our minister." 
 
 The first church bell in the town, was purchased by this parish, in 
 1748. It was imported from London expressly for them, and, judging 
 from the records, its purchase and proper " Hanging" must have been a 
 prolific theme for town talk. It was finally " voted to Hang the Bell on 
 the top of the Meeting house, and Build a proper place for that purpose ; " 
 
 ° Although the easterly part of the Old Parish was, by the above vote, set off, it was not legally m- 
 corporated into a separate parish until 1743. For a further account of its incorporation, see chapter xx. 
 
 t "April 16, 17i3. Great Snow Storm, eleven inches on a level. Rev. Barnard Ordained." — Br. 
 Bayhy's Journal. 
 
552 HIStOEY 01' nAVERSlLii. 
 
 and "to Eaise one Hundred pounds old tenor towards defraying tlie 
 Charges of building tlie Steple, and Hanging the Bell." The belfry •was 
 built on the ridge of the meeting-house, and the bell-rope descended to the 
 broad aisle. It was voted "to Eing the Bell at one of the clock every 
 day and at nine every night and on Sabbaths and Lectures." The first 
 bell-man, was Samuel Knowlton.^-' 
 
 The old meeting-house having become too small for the parish, the sub- 
 ject of a new one began to be agitated in 1761. The house was, withal, 
 so much decayed, that the bell could not be rung with safety, and it was 
 therefore taken down, and hung on two pieces of timber placed crosswise 
 at the top, on the hill, near the parsonage house. It was not fully decided 
 to build a new house until 1765. For this purpose an appropriation of 
 three hundred pounds was voted, to be paid in lumber. The dimensions 
 of the new house were ordered not to exceed sixty-six feet in length, and 
 forty-eight feet in breadth. It was erected, and mostly finished, in 1766. 
 The whole of the ground floor (excepting the aisles) was occupied by 
 pews, which were built by the parish, appraised by a committee, and sold 
 at auction. The " men's seats," and the " women's seats," were therefore, 
 from this time forward, confined to the galleries. 
 
 The house was located on the common, about midway between Main and 
 Winter Streets, a little north of the foot of Pleasant Street, with the prin- 
 cipal end to the northeast — -or directly across the common. It remained 
 standing until 1837, when it was taken down. It was set, when built, 
 " at the northerly side of the old meeting-house, as near to it as may be 
 convenient." It was surmounted with a steeple, at the easterly end. 
 Though but three hundred pounds were appropriated for building it, yet 
 we find, from a petition of Isaac Osgood, and others, to the General Court, 
 in February, 1768, that more than one thousand were expended on it.f 
 
 In 1764, the parish voted "that the version of Psalms by Tate & Brady 
 with the largest impression of Dr Watts Hymns be sung in public in this 
 parish."! 
 
 The first intimation we find in the parish records, of Baptists in town, 
 is under the date of January, 1765, when a warrant was issued by John 
 Brown, a justice of the peace, for a parish meeting, " to see if the parish 
 
 After him, John Whiting performed the responsible duties of hell-man. Upon the death of the latter,- 
 his widow took his place, and had charge of the bell and the meeting-house for many years. She died in 
 1795, in the 100th year of her age. 
 
 •f A new parsonage house was erected in 1773, " near the old one." 
 
 1 In 1769, some alterations were voted to be made in the front gallery, '• for a eonveniency of singing.'* 
 lu 1775, the parish voted "to omit the reading of the Psalms to be sung in Public Worship." 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. ' 553 
 
 Will vote that any ordained or gospel minister shall or may preach in said 
 mceting-liouse at any time when it does not interfere with the Kcv Mr 
 Barnard's Public Exercises."-- The parish refused to grant such permis- 
 sion. 
 
 Though the Baptists are not mentioned by name at this time, it is cer- 
 tain that they were the persons who made the request. We first find them 
 referred to as "Baptists," in 1770, when the parish chose a committee 
 *' to agree and settle with those persons that have brought certificates from 
 the Baptist church for the time past," The next year, " it was put to 
 vote whether the parish would excuse the Baptists from paying rates for 
 the time past, and it past in the negative." It was then " voted that the 
 several Collectors in this parish be advised not to take Distress on the Bap- 
 tists for their rates for two months from this time, but if there be no 
 agreement between sd baptists and the parishes Comtee within sd two 
 months then sd Comtee shall advise sd Collectors and point out to them 
 what persons upon whom they are to take Distress." 
 
 Among those whose goods were taken by distress, to pay their parish 
 taxes, was John White, who thereupon commenced a suit against the col- 
 lector, to recover. The parish defended their officer, and recovered judg- 
 ment against Mr. White. The right of the parish to tax all who resided 
 within its limits for the support of the " regular" ministry, having been 
 thus established, a compromise appears to have been made between the 
 .parish and those who gave in certificates that they were of the Baptist 
 denomination, by which the latter were eased of a part of their burden, f 
 
 In 1774, the parish were again called to mourn the death of a beloved 
 pastor. In January, Mr, Barnard was gathered to his last resting-place. 
 His disease was paralysis, 
 
 Kev. Edward Barnard was a son of Piev. John Barnard, of Andover, 
 and grandson of Eev. Thomas Barnard, of the same place. All of them 
 graduated at Harvard College — the first named, in 1736, Mi-. Barnard 
 was ordained in 1743, and died January 20, 1774, aged fifty-four years, 
 after a successful ministry of thirty-one years. During this period he 
 baptized nine hundred and eight persons ;J married two hundred and 
 
 * The warrant declares, that " whereas Samuel White, Timothy White, James Duncan, William Green- 
 leaf, John White, Daniel Appleton, Dudley Lad, Benj Mooers, with upwards of thirty others," had ap- 
 plied in writing, and showed that they, together with others, had previously applied to the parish 
 committee to call such a meeting, but had been refused ; therefore the warrant was issued. 
 
 t In June, 1774, an act was passed, exempting Quakers, and Baptists, or Antipedobaptists, ft-om all 
 taxation to other denominations. They were simply required to file a certificate from the proper officers 
 of their own denomination, to the effect that they were members thereof, and paid taxes accordingly. 
 
 I Between the death of Mr. Brown, and the settlement of Mr. Barnard, seven children were baptized 
 by various ministers. 
 
 70 
 
554 HISTORY OF HAYEKHILI,, 
 
 eleven cou2)lcs ; and ninety-four were admitted to the cliurcli (eighteen By 
 dismission) , The number who owned the covenant, was ninety-six. Mr. 
 Barnard is everywhere spoken of as a man of distinction and real worth. 
 His style was flowing, his language elegant, and his sermons correct and 
 finished compositions. As a pulpit orator, he was deservedly popular. 
 His sermons were instructive, plain, and practical. As a companion, he 
 was social and undisguised ; as a scholar, inquisitive and general ; and as 
 a pastor, watchful, affectionate, and. unwearied. In his temper, he was 
 uniform; in his affections, benevolent; and, in his religion, esemjjlary. 
 Those who knew him best, loved him most. Several of his sermons were 
 published, and it was at one time proposed to publish a' volume of them, 
 but, on the breaking out of the Revolution, the design was abandoned. 
 
 In his theological views, Mr. Barnard was ranked with the Arminians^ 
 with Dr. Webster, of Salisbury, Dr. Tucker, of Ncwbmy, Dr. Symmes, of 
 Andover, Mr. Balch, of Bradford, and others. 
 
 " These clergymen and others, seventy or eighty years ago," says Brad- 
 ford, " gradually departed from the Calvinistic system, and forbore to urge 
 or to profess its peculiar tenets, although they did not so expressly and 
 zealously oppose them as many have done in later times. They also 
 omitted to press the Athanasian creed, or to use the Trinitarian doxology ; 
 but preferred scripture expressions on these disputed points. They did 
 not insist, as a preliminary to the ordination of a young man to the chris- 
 tian ministry, on his professing a belief of the Trinity, or of the five points 
 of Calvinism. They required a declaration of faith in the Bible, and a 
 promise to make that the standard and guide of their preaching. But 
 a belief in Jesus Christ as the true Messia,h, the only Mediator and Ee- 
 deemer, and the pardon of sin, on repentance, by divine grace, was con- 
 sidered as n^ecessary by this class of theologians as well as by those who 
 received the tenets of the Calvinistic system. They held christian fellow- 
 ship with each other for some years ; but the difference of sentiments has 
 produced an alienation between them, much to be regretted by the true 
 spiritual christian." 
 
 During the year 17Go, and the remaining period of Mr. Barnard's life, 
 repeated applications were made by individual members of his church, 
 for a dismission, and a recommendation to the Baptist chiirch, then estab- 
 lished in the parish. This was peculiarly calculated to embitter and 
 becloud the closing years of his life, and caused divisions in his church 
 and society. He was accused of "not preaching the gospel;" of "not 
 being converted;" and many other "hard and grevious " things. But 
 when, — thirty years after his ordination, and a few mouths before his 
 
niSTOr.Y OF HATEPJIILL. 555 
 
 tlcatli, — he looked back over these " years of temptation, provocation and 
 reproach," he gratefully acknowledges that " God was pleased to throw in 
 a balance by the attachment of those to his person and ministry, whose 
 sentiments and regards are most to be valued; " and he declares, "Noth- 
 ing has been delivered by me that I would not venture my own soul 
 upon." 
 
 After his death, the parish met, and chose a committee to take charge 
 of his funeral ;•■■= and subsequently, they voted to erect a monument over 
 his grave. This is a large slab, resting upon four pillars, with the follow- 
 ing inscription : 
 
 " Beneath are the remains of the Eev. Edward Barnard, A. M. pastor 
 of the»first church in this town, who died Jan. 26, 1774, in the 54th 
 year of his age and 31st of his ministry. In him were united the good 
 scholar, the great divine, and exemplary christian and minister. His un- 
 derstanding wa-s excellent, judgment exact, and imagination lively, and 
 invention fruitful ; eminently a man of prayer ; as a preacher, equalled by 
 few, excelled by none ; indefatigable in the discharge of his ministerial 
 duty, and possessing the most tender concern for the happiness of those 
 committed to his charge. His piety was rational, disposition benevolent, 
 of approved integrity, consummate prudence, great modesty and simpli- 
 city of manners. He was a kind husband, tender parent, faithful friend, 
 and agreeable companion. His life was irreproachable, and death greatly 
 lamented by all who knew his worth. Mark the perfect man and behold 
 the upright, for the end of that man is peace. 
 
 His grateful flock have erected this monument, as a testimony of their 
 affection and respect for his memory." 
 
 After the death of Mr. Barnard, the parish were without a settled min- 
 ister for upward of three years, when Eev. John Shaw accepted an invi- 
 
 ® Rev. Benjamin Parker preached soon after, as one of his bearers, (1) and the Salem, Gazette thus 
 notices it : " We have just heard from Haverhill, that the Rev. Mr. Parker, having preached as a bearer 
 to the Rev. Mr. Barnard, deceased, the people of Mr. B's parish requested a copy of his sermon for the 
 press ; and a number of gentlemen therein were pleased, at the same time, to make him a present of a 
 very handsome suit of clothes. The promoter and encourager of said affair has also presented him with 
 a new wig." (2) 
 
 (1) The custom then was, for the neighboring ministers to act as pall-bearers, when one of their num- 
 ber died, and immediately afterward to supply the vacant pulpit one Sabbath each. The number of 
 "bearers on such occasions was usually eight. 
 
 (2) The parish also generously allowed Mrs. Barnard the free use of the parsonage house, together 
 with a part of the land, and pasturage for a cow, until the settlement of another minister, three years 
 afterward. 
 
556 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL 
 
 tation, and was ordained March 12tli, 1777." His salary was £I0O 
 yearly, and tHe use of the parsonage. 
 
 In the same year, the burying ground in the parish was again enlarged, 
 hy the gift of a piece of land from Colonel Joseph Badger. 
 
 In 1790, and subsequently, the parish meeting-house is designated in 
 the parish warrants as "the Congregational meeting-house in said parish." 
 
 Many of our readers will remember that the seats in the large, square, 
 pen-like pews of the old meeting-houses, were hung on hinges, and were 
 usually turned up in " prayer time," to allow the occupants a chance to 
 lean against the high railing, for support, during the long prayers. And 
 they will also remember the artillery-like explosions which always followed 
 their turning down at the close of the prayer. They will therefore»appre- 
 ciate the rebuke contained in the following vote, passed in 1791 : " Voted 
 that Coll James Brickett, Deacon Joseph Dodge, and Doct Saltonstall be a 
 Committee to speak to the Kevd Mr Shaw that he would speak at some 
 Convenent Season unto the Peopel that they would Let their Seats Down 
 ■without Such Nois." 
 
 In the same year, " a pew for the women to sing " was built in the gal- 
 lery of the meeting-house ; and it was voted " that the Company of Singers 
 should choose such Persons among them Selves to Lead in the Musick and 
 Eegulate the same as they shall think proper." 
 
 After a ministry of almost eighteen years, Eev. Mr. Shaw died, very 
 suddenly, September 29, 1794, aged forty-eight. The day before his 
 death, he preached as usual, and was apparently in good health. The next 
 morning he was a corpse.f 
 
 Mr. Shaw was a son of the Rev. John Shaw, of Bridgewater. He grad- 
 uated at Harvard College, in 1772. His widow married Eev. Stephen 
 Peabody, of Atkinson. She was the sister of the wife of John Adams, 
 and greatly respected for her piety and domestic virtues. Mr. Shaw is 
 described in his epitaph, as " A bright example of benevolence, meekness, 
 patience and charity ; an able advocate of the religion he professed, and a 
 faithful servant of the Clod he worshipped." 
 
 In his system of religious faith, Mr. Shaw was Calvinistic ; in his 
 preaching, evangelical ; in temper, mild and forgiving ; and hospitable 
 
 * Mirick says, that the reason why another minister was not settled sooner, was on account of the 
 "great dissensions," and " the strong excitement which existed " in the parish ; but we have been unable 
 to find evidence of either in the records. During this interim, but four preached as candidates, two of 
 •whom received invitations to settle, and a third was desu-ed to preach longer. 
 
 t The parish subsequently erected suitable monumental stones to his memory. Mr. Shaw had one son, 
 William Smith Shaw, who died unmarried, in Boston ; and one daughter, AbigaO, who married Rev . 
 Joseph B. Felt, of Hamilton — now of Boston. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERniLL. 557 
 
 and benerolent to all with whom he had intercourse. As a man, a chris- 
 tian, and a minister, he possessed the entire confidence of his church and 
 society. During his ministry, he baptized one hundred and sixty-three 
 children ;'•■= married one hundred and seven couples ; fifteen persons owned 
 the covenant, and fifteen were admitted to the church. 
 
 After Mr. Shaw's death, the society were destitute of a regular minis- 
 try about ten months, when the church and parish, unanimously, invited 
 the Eev. Abiel Abbot to settle with them. The invitation was accepted, 
 and Mr. Abbot was ordained June 3d, 1795. His salary was £110 per 
 annum, with the use of the parsonage house and lands. 
 
 Eev. Abiel Abbot, D.D., was born in Andover, Mass., August 17, 1770, 
 and was a son of Captain John Abbot, of that town. His preparatory 
 studies were pursued at Phillips Academy, under the direction of the cele- 
 brated Dr. Pemberton, during which time he occupied the front rank in 
 his class. He entered Harvard University in 1788, and passing through 
 his collegiate course with high reputation as a scholar, was graduated in 
 1792 with distinguished honors. The subsequent year he spent as assist- 
 ant to his brother in Exeter Academy ; and the greater part of the year 
 following, as principal of the Academy at Andover. During this time, he 
 pursued his theological studies with Eev. Jonathan French. In 1794, 
 he commenced preaching at Haverhill, and having accepted a unanimous 
 call, was ordained pastor of the First Congregational Church in this town, 
 June 3d, 1795. 
 
 His ministry here was harmonious and successful, and when, in 1803, 
 he felt it his duty to ask a dismission, he received from the church and 
 society the most ample testimonials of unabated love and respect. 
 
 The cause which induced Mr. Abbot to ask for a dismission, was the 
 inadequateness of his salary. He requested the parish to make an addi- 
 tion of $200 per annum. As the parish did not feel able to grant his 
 request, and he was led to believe that such a course was his duty, he ap- 
 plied for and received an honorable dismission. 
 
 Application for his services was soon after made by the first parish, in 
 Beverly, where he was installed December 14, 1803. Here he ministered 
 with success, and with little interruption, until 1818, when failing health, 
 and the advice of physicians,, induced him to spend a few months in a 
 Southern State. He reftirned in 1819, with health improved, and contin- 
 ued his professional labors with diligence until 1827, when he again sought 
 a milder climate, and passed the winter in Cuba. In the following May, 
 
 's Between the death of Mr. Barnard and the settlement of Mr. Shaw, twenty children were baptized. 
 
558 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 with liigh hopes of restored health, he emharKed for Charleston, S. C. He 
 arrived on Saturday, preached on the following Sabhath, and the next day 
 embarked for New York. On Tuesday he was taken ill, and as the vessel 
 was coming to anchor at Staten Island, on the following Saturday, he 
 breathed his last, and was interred at that place. Thus, in the 24th year 
 of his ministry, and the 57 th year of his age, was taken to his rest an elo- 
 quent, learned, affectionate -and faithful minister. 
 
 Dr. Abbot was married in 1796, to Miss Eunice, eldest daughter of 
 Ebenezer Wales, Esq., of Dorchester. He left, at his death, a widow, two 
 sons, and five daughters. 
 
 In the commencement of his ministry, Mr, Abbot entertained a belief 
 in the Trinity, but on this subject his views altered, and the fundamental 
 principles of Unitarian belief became the objects of his decided conviction. 
 During his ministry forty-nine were admitted into the church, and one 
 hundred and twenty received baptism. 
 
 The dissolution of Mr. Abbot's connexion with the parish, was followed 
 by five years and six months, in which the church' and society were desti- 
 tute of a regular pastor. Einally, in October, -1808, Eev. Joshua Dodge 
 received an invitation to the pastoral office, which he accepted, and he was 
 ordained the 21st of the December following. 
 
 Mr. Dodge's salary was $500 per annum, and the use of the parsonage, 
 and if he should " be rendered unable to supply the Desk," he was still 
 to have the use of the parsonage, and $200 per annum, so long as he con- 
 tinued minister of the parish. 
 
 In 1809, the parish petitioned the General Court for permission to sell 
 a part of the parsonage land " on the principal street," for house-lots, on 
 condition that the proceeds should " be kept forever as a Fund, the inter- 
 est or income of which shall be appropriated, exclusively, for the 
 support of the minister, or his successors in said parish ; & be managed 
 by Trustees." The request was granted, and seventeen hundred dollars' 
 worth of lots were sold immediately. '■■' 
 
 In the winter of 1812-13, a stove was " erected in the meeting house," 
 by private subscription. It was placed in the pew of Mr. John Dow. 
 For some reason, the stove did not answer expectations, and, in 1815, it 
 was " disposed of." Artificial heat was not again resorted to until 1821, 
 when two " elegant stoves " were presented to i^e parish, by Moses B. 
 Moody, Esq. 
 
 o In 1820, the fund liad increased to $3800.91. In 1827, it was $1509.01. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVEEHILL. 65^ 
 
 in 1822, Mr. Moody bequeathed to the " First Congregational Society,'* 
 the munificent sum of three thousand dollars, which was to be paid them 
 on the decease of his mother. 
 
 In 1827, the parish voted to charge the town $30 per year for the use 
 of the meeting-house for town meetings. This appears to be the first 
 charge of the kind ; but as the parish had already furnished the town with 
 a place for their meetings, without any fee, for ninety-eight years, we 
 cannot well charge them with mercenary motives in the matter. 
 
 In May, 1827, Kev. Mr. Dodge asked for a dismission from the church 
 and society, which Tyas granted. 
 
 Eev. Joshua Dodge was born in Hamilton, Mass., September 22, 1779. 
 He received his preparatory education at Atkinson Academy, and graduated 
 at Dartmouth College, in 1806. He entered upon a course of study for 
 the ministry soon after leaving college, with Eev. Abiel Abbot, then of 
 Beverly. Mr. Dodge baptized about one hundred and thirty during his 
 ministry here, and about eighty were admitted to the church. 
 
 Soon after he left Haverhill, Mr. Dodge was settled in Moultonborough, 
 N. H., as colleague with the venerable Mr. Shaw, where he remained a 
 useful pastor for about twenty years. 
 
 It is with feelings of sadness that we add, that, a few years since, .un- 
 mistakable symptoms of insanity compelled Mr. Dodge to withdraw entirely 
 from pastoral labors and responsibilities. He died at the Insane Asylum, 
 at Concord, N. H., in March, 1861, aged 81 years. 
 
 In the November following the dismission of Mr. Dodge, a call was ex- 
 tended to Eev. Dudley Phelps, of Andover, which was accepted, and he 
 was ordained on the 9th of January, 1828. His salary was fixed at $700 
 per annum." 
 
 About this time, troubles broke out in the church and society, which 
 finally led to a division and separation. As we have already seen, Eev. Mr. 
 Barnard in later life gradually receded from Trinitarianism, and his succes- 
 sor, Eev. Mr. Abbot, was clashed as a Unitarian, and it appears that a large 
 number of the society, though not a majority, entertained similar opinions. 
 But with such prudence and moderation had pastors and people managed the 
 affairs of church and parish, that all had, previous to the settlement of Mr. 
 Phelps, lived and worshipped together in comparative harmony. Mr. Phelps 
 (who was a graduate of Yale College, of the class of 1824, and of Ando- 
 ver Theological Seminary, in 1827) was, in respect to scholarship and 
 
 •J The use of the parsonage house and land, was not included ; a large part of the land having already 
 been sold, and the proceeds funded. The house was soon after, (1831) purchased by Dr. Moses Nichols, 
 and is still occupied by him. 
 
680 HISTORY OP HAVERHILt. 
 
 talent, much above the average. In his religious opinions he was strongly 
 orthodox, and he preached them in a very decided and uncompromising 
 manner. He also entered early and with zeal into the temperance and 
 anti-slavery movements, and though admirably fitted for a reformer, by 
 his firm and bold temperament, and his persevering energy, yet these qual- 
 ities did not so well serve to promote the work of conciliating and harmo- 
 nizing a society holding adverse and conflicting sentiments. In private 
 intercourse, Mr. Phelps is said to have been eminently social, genial, and 
 generous, and even playful and humorous ; but in the pulpit, his indepen- 
 dence and plainness of speech often approached to bluntness, and severityi 
 It is not, therefore, strange, that his preaching should have separated still 
 more widely, rather than have harmonized, these conflicting elements in 
 his church and society. 
 
 In the warrant for the annual parish meeting for 1830, we find an arti- 
 cle " to see if the Parish will vote to dismiss the Eev. Mr. Phelps from 
 the pastoral charge of said Parish." The vote upon this article was in- 
 definite postponement. '••' 
 
 binding that their numbers were then insufficient to effect his re- 
 moval, the opponents of Mr. Phelps took measures to increase them. It 
 was, at that time, the law, that every person must belong to some religious 
 society in his town, and was liable to be taxed to support such society ; 
 and those residents of a parish who were not duly enrolled as members of 
 some other society, were, in the law, considered as members of the oldest> 
 or parish society. 
 
 This will explain the fact that soon after the difficulties alluded to com- 
 menced, we first find the names of persons entered on the parish books as 
 having " become a member of the parish. Eighteen such are recorded 
 in 1831. 
 
 September 13, 1832, another attempt was made to " dissolve the con- 
 nection between Eev. Mr. Phelps and the Parish," but it was defeated by 
 a majority of thirteen votes. Two months later, (November 8, 1832) the 
 proposition was again made, and carried in the affirmative. It is an inter- 
 esting fact connected with this sudden change of majorities, that between 
 the last two dates, seventeen new members were added to the Parish -^ 
 nil of whom were Universalists. 
 
 o It wns a part of the ag^reement between Mr. Phelps and the parish, " that at any time it should be 
 thought expedient, at a Legall meeting, warned for the purpose, to dissolve the connexion between the 
 Pastor and parish, a majority of the legal Voters present concurring, it shall be dissolved, giving him 
 three months aotice he having the same privilidge to ask a dismission." 
 
HISTOBY OP nATERHILL. 661 
 
 jFindlng tliemselves in a minority, the Orthodox members soon after 
 withdrew, and united in forming the "Independent Congregational 
 Society," —since called the "Centre Congregational Society." 
 
 At the next annual parish meeting, a Unitarian committee was chosen 
 to supply the parish pulpit. Three months later, a meeting was called 
 to sec if the parish would extend a call to Eev. Andrew P. Peahody (Uni- 
 tarian) to settle with them. This proposition was indefinitely postponed; 
 and an addition of four (three of them Universalists) was made to the 
 committee for supplying the pulpit. Upon this, the previous members re- 
 signed, and the meeting dissolved. A majority of the committee were now 
 Universalists and the pulpit was supplied accordingly, Sejitember SOth, 
 (1833) a meeting was called to see if the parish would extend an invita- 
 tion to settle to Pev. J, H. Bugbee (Universalist). Upon this, a proposi- 
 tion was made and inserted in the same warrant, to divide the funds of 
 the parish " equally between the several religious societies within the terri- 
 torial limits of the First Parish ; " and thereupon sufficient aid was 
 called in to indefinitely postpone the proposition to settle Mr. Bugbee, and 
 ■also to pass votes to divide the funds as proposed, and to choose a commit- 
 tee to report a plan for doing it, 
 
 December 2d, the committee submitted a report, recommending a peti- 
 tion to the General Court for a repeal or amendment of the Eesolve of 
 1809, establishing a Parish Fund, and of the Act of 1823, relating to the 
 management of the Fund, so as to allow the pai'ish to make the proper division. 
 
 The repoij: was accepted, a vote passed to divide the funds " among the 
 various religious societies within the limits of said parish," and a petition 
 presented to the Greneral Court agxeeably to the recommendation of the 
 committee, 
 
 April 2, 1834, a parish meeting was called, " to see if 'the Parish will 
 request the Eev. Joseph AVhittlescy to settle with them as their minister 
 and Pastor, for one year or more." Mr. Whittlesey was then, and had 
 been for above seven months, settled as pastor of the " Independent Con- 
 gregational Society." The apparent strangeness of the proposition is, 
 however, explained by the fact that negotiations were then on foot between 
 the Unitarians and the above society, to join interests, outvote the Univer- 
 salists, who had now become a majority in the parish, and divide the 
 parish funds equally between themselves. Before the arrangements were 
 fully perfected, the Universalists ofi'ered the Unitarians their aid toward 
 reinstating the latter in possession of the parish, and parish funds, upon 
 more favorable terms than were about being agreed upon by the parties 
 first named. The latter offer was accepted. The former petition to 
 71 
 
56'2 HISTORY 01" HATERHILL. 
 
 the legislature was thereupon withdrawn ; Eev. Nathaniel Gage (Uni- 
 tarian) was settled as minister for five years; the taxes of sixty- 
 eiglit members of the jjarish (Universalists) were abated ;. it was " Voted 
 To allow those persons about to secede from the Parish, the sum of Four 
 Thousand Dollars for their interest in the Funds in the hands of the Trus- 
 tees belonging to the Farish ; " the money was paid, and the Universalists 
 withdrew, leaving the parish organization and funds in the possession of 
 the " Congregational Unitarians," where they yet remain/--' 
 
 In 1837, the parish society, (now Unitarian) disposed of their interest 
 in the " common," and erected a new church edifice on the lot next north 
 of it, at an expense of $8,706,3-1. The new church was. dedicated Decem- 
 ber 6, 1836. 
 
 Eev. Mr. Gage continued with the society until the summer of 1840, 
 when he was succeeded by Eev. Nathaniel P. Folsom.f The salary of the 
 latter was $800. He remained with the society until the fall of 1846. 
 He was succeeded by Eev. JameS Eichardson, who was settled March 24, 
 1847, at a salary of $700, and remained until September 27, 1850, when 
 he was dismissed, at his own recjuest. 
 
 On the morning of Januaiy 1, 1847, the elegant church edifice, erected 
 in 1837, was totally destroyed by fire. In the following November, the 
 society voted to r.eplace it, and the present structure was soon after erected, 
 at a cost of $7,126,91. 
 
 Eev. Frederic Hinckley was settled as pastor of the society, November 
 9, 1850, and remained until July 9, 1853. His salary waa $800. His 
 successor was Eev. Eobert Hassall, who received and accepted a call to 
 settle, in January, 1856, and remained with the society until 1858. His 
 salary was $1,000. April 7, 1859, Eev, William T. Clarke received 
 an invitation to settle, which was accepted. His salary was the same as 
 that of his immediate predecessor. Mr. Clarke is the present pastor. 
 
 The North Parish. 
 As we have already mentioned, the northerly part of the town was 
 erected into a separate Precinct, or Parish, in 1728, and a meeting- 
 house erected the same year. The Church was not organized, however, 
 until two years later. 
 
 =s The -vvhole amount of the fund, in April, 1S3S, was $11,296,48. The $4,000 had not as yet been 
 taken from the fund. This had accumulated as follo-ivs : — From sales of parsonage lands, at sundry- 
 times, $10,532,77; donation from " A Friend from the First Parish in Haverhill," August 2d, 1826, by 
 the hands of David Marsh, 2d, $300.00 ; interest accumulated when no minister was settled, viz; : from 
 June 18, 1827, to January 9, 1828, and from January 1, 1834, to July 2, 1&34, $300.00. In April, 18:a, 
 the fund was only $6,661.00. 
 
 t Rev. Nathaniel Gage was a graduate of Harvard College, of the class of 1822. He died at Cam - 
 bridge, May 7, 1861, aged CO years. 
 
niSTOUT OP HAVERHILL. 563 
 
 When the New Hampsliire line was run, in 1740, about two-thirds of 
 the inhabitants of the Parish fell to the north of the line. The portion 
 which fell to the south of that line were soon after incorporated into a par- 
 ish by themselves ; or, rather, the General Court declared them to be, to 
 all intents and purposes, the North Parish in Haverhill. 
 
 The old meeting-house fell to the north of the State line, and the par- 
 sonage to the south of it ; and though at first about two-thirds of the 
 original parish became a part of New Hampshire, at present, and for many 
 years past, the membership and attendance at the old church has been 
 about equal from Haverhill and Plaistow. 
 
 In the preparation of the following account of this church, we have» 
 drawn largely from the excellent sketch prepared by its late pastor, Eev. 
 Charles Tenney, and published in a work entitled New Hampshire, 
 Churches, 1856. 
 
 The church was organized November 4, 1730, on a day of Fasting and 
 Prayer, specially appointed for this purpose. It was originally styled the 
 Church in the North Precinct of Haverhill, Mass. It was composed of 
 fifty-nine members from the First Church in Haverhill. On the 4th 
 of March following, ten more were added from the First Church in 
 Haverhill. 
 
 ' At the above named meeting, Mr. James Cusliing was invited to be their 
 pastor, and was ordained on the 2d of December following. Nothing ap- 
 pears to have occurred, during his ministry, which continued about thirty- 
 three years, that disturbed the harmony of the church, or the comfort of 
 the pastor. There was not, perhaps, what may be termed a revival of reli- 
 gion, yet a good number were added to the church — one hundred and 
 sixty-four in all — one hundred and fifteen by profession, and forty-nine 
 by letter. The greatest number in any one year (1837) was fourteen. 
 The half-way covenant practice was then in use and during Mr. Cushing's 
 ministry, two hundred owned the covenant in this way, and had their chil- 
 dren baptized. It does not appear, from the records, that he baptized an 
 adult, on receiving members to full communion ; and this practice will 
 account for the great number of infant baptisms during this time, which 
 was one thousand two hundred and seventy-five ;•' Mr. Cushing died May 
 13, 1764, aged 59 years. 
 
 Eev. James Cushing was a son of Picv. Caleb Cushing, of Salisbury, 
 Mass., an<?graduated at Cambridge in 1725. Mr. Cushing was a solid 
 and fervent preacher, prudent, steady, patient, condescending, and candid ; 
 
 ^ During his Hiinislry, Mr. Cashing married two hundred and. twenty-four couplea. 
 
SQ4 HISTORY or HAVEEHrLL> 
 
 and he preserved far the thirty-four years of his ministry the most Tinnif' 
 fled tranquility, peace and harmony, in his society. 
 
 On the 25th of October, 1772, thirteen of the members of this church, 
 resident in Atkinson, were dismissed and recommended for the purpose, in 
 union with others, of being organized into a church in said town. 
 
 On the 6th of March of the year following the death of Mr. Gushing, 
 Mr. Gyles Merrill was ordained pastor of the church, and died April 27, 
 1801, aged 62 years, after a ministry of about thirty-seven years. Tha 
 number of admissions to the church was fifty-nine — forty-seven by pro- 
 fession, and twelve by letter. The Eev. Mr. Merrill had a peaceful minis- 
 fty and was greatly respected and beloved by his people. ■ As a preacher,, 
 he was orthodox in faith, of sound learning, discreet, and was justly and 
 highly esteemed. 
 
 The simplicity, kindness, and dignity of his manners, are even yet re- 
 membered by many, with the greatest respect and veneration. He had the 
 welfare of his people constantly at heart, and those who survive him tes- 
 tify to his amiable disposition, and his devoutness as a christian. Mr, 
 Merrill was a graduate of Harvard College, of the class of 1759. Like 
 his immediate predecessor, Mr. Merrill was a native of Salisbury. He 
 commenced preaching in the Korth Parish as soon as the reverend "bear- 
 ers" at Mr. Cushing's funeral (eight in number) had, according to custom, 
 supplied the vacant desk one Sabbath each. 
 
 After the death of Mr. Merrill, this church was without a settled minis- 
 ter twenty-five years; and, during this time, became much enfeebled. 
 The records do not show that more than eight persons were admitted to 
 the church — for seventeen years not one. 
 
 On the 26 of December, 1826, the Eev. Moses Welch, who had been 
 preaching to the people as a stated supply for about two years and a half, 
 was installed pastor of the church, and continued with them till the 2d of 
 February 1831, when he was dismissed at his own request. There were 
 admitted to the church after Mr. Welch's installation thirty-six — three 
 by letter, and thirty-three by profession, and all of these thirty-three, ex- 
 cept two, were the fruits of a revival which occurred in 1827. Mr. AVelch 
 baptized twenty-six children. 
 
 On the day of Mr. Welch's dismissal, the Eev. Samuel H. Peckham was 
 chosen to be pastor, and he was installed the 23d day of the same month. 
 Much of Mr. Peckham's ministry was unquiet and unpleasant yet in a 
 very good degree successful. He was dismissed September 10th, 1838, 
 having the "undiminished confidence" of the dismissing council, as " a 
 
HISTORY OP HATERHILL. 565 
 
 good and aWe minister of tlie gospel." During Lis ministry, of about 
 seven years, there were added to the cliurch thirty-one hy profession, and 
 five by letter, and twenty-three children were baptized. 
 
 Kev. David Olijihant statedly supplied the pulpit after Mr. Peckham's 
 dismission. A neat and commodious house of worship was erected in 
 1837, in the place of the old house, which had become wholly unfit for 
 use. The new house is the property of the proprietors. Mr. Oliphant 
 left in 1852, and during his ministry there were added to the church, 
 seven by letter, and twenty-five by profession. Infant baptisms, thirty- 
 two. ^ 
 
 Eev. Charles Tenney commenced his labors with this church early in 
 1853, and remained its pastor until November, 1858, when he was called 
 to a larger field of labor. From this time, to August 1859, the society 
 were without a pastor, when Eev. Homer Barrows, then of Wareham, 
 Mass., received and accepted a call to settle with them, and at once entered 
 upon the discharge of his duties as a pasilfr. 
 
 The West Parish. 
 
 In 173-t, the westerly part of this town, was, by the General Court, 
 erected into a separate parish, or precinct, under the name of the West 
 Parish of Haverhill. 
 
 The first parish meeting was held on the first day of May, of that year, 
 the warrant for which was issued by Eichard Saltonstall, Esq. The meet- 
 ing was held at the house of Thomas Haynes, who was chosen moderator, 
 and Peter Ayer was chosen parish clerk. At this meeting, the parish 
 voted to build a meeting-house, and to set it "on the southeasterly corner 
 of Samuel Eatton's pasture."'"' The house was erected and mostly finished 
 the same season. The pews (sixteen in number) were not, however, built 
 until three years afterward. 
 
 At the time the first parish meeting was held, the timber was already 
 on the ground selected as a site for the meeting-house, and so rapidly was 
 the work pushed forward, that services were held in the new house as 
 early as October. 
 
 The first minister engaged upon trial, was a "Mr. Googgins," who 
 preached four Sabbaths. After him, a "Mr. Skiner " preached about 
 two months. Mr. Skinner was succeeded by Eev. Samuel Bachellor, who 
 preached with such acceptance, that (June 9, 1735,) he was invited to 
 settle as their minister. 
 
 ° A few rods from the present house of Timothy J, Goodrich. 
 
566 HISTORY OF HAVEUHILL. 
 
 The parisli voted Mr. Bachellor " a sofisTiant Lous the Bigness of Mr. 
 Nathan Wehsters well fineshed and a Barn of thurty feet long and twenty 
 feet wid and convenancy in land parstin for ceeping three cows on hos and 
 teen sheep sumer and winter ; " and " one hundred and thirty pounds in 
 pasabil money or Bils of Creedit and value," annually. In addition to 
 the above, they voted to give " his weded wife so long as she shall con- 
 teeneu his widow the hool Benefet of the pasneg Cept in teenitabal 
 Eepaires;" and "twenty pounds in bils of creditor pasibel money an- 
 nuialy " to Mr. Bachellor, when he should be " Disanabled for carieng on 
 the work of the ministry " among them, by old age. 
 
 Mr. Bachellor accepted July 21st, and was ordained soon after. ■■•' 
 
 It appears that the liberal support voted to Mr. Bachellor, was a pause 
 of considerable " gealosey suspishon and uneiseynes " on the part of some 
 of the parish, and a meeting was warned to reconsider the matter. At 
 this meeting, the parish voted to give him, in lieu of the house, barn, and 
 land accommodations, two hund||>d and fifty pounds a year, — to which he 
 agreed. 
 
 In the spring of 1736, the parsonage lands lying in the vicinity of 
 Parsonage Hill, which had been given to the North and West Parishes to 
 divide between them, were divided by a joint committee. The same year 
 (December 6) the proprietors of the undivided lands in the town, gave 
 Mr. Bachellor seventy acres of land in the West Parish, for his own use, 
 also forty acres to the parish. In 1739, the parish voted to give Mr. 
 Bachellor the use and possession of all the " parsonage lands and mead- 
 ows belonging to ye AYest Parish," so long as he should continue to carry 
 on the work of the ministry among them. 
 
 Soon after the Parish was incorporated, the commoners gave them a 
 tract of land to purchase a burying-ground, and roads to their meeting- 
 house. This land was sold in 1738, and in 1740 (November 25) the 
 Parish " Voted Twenty-two pounds to Mr. Thomas Haynes with what he 
 has already had for half an acre of Land for a Burying-place where we 
 have already Bureyed Sundry of Our Dead." The spot referred to, is 
 about one-fourth of a mile south of the site of the old meeting-house. 
 
 The depreciation in value of paper money, which was an active cause in 
 the troubles which broke out in the East Parish, seems also to have been a 
 stumbling block in the way of the church and society in the West Parish. 
 From time to time the parish voted Mr. Bachellor an addition to his salary, 
 in consideration of "the fall of the present currency." In 1749, the 
 
 <* Mr, Bachellor had preached in the parish twenty-one weeks before he gave his answer. 
 
rilSTORY OP nAVERHILL. 667 
 
 addition made was £70. At the annual meeting in 1750, tLe parish 
 " Voted not to pay the Eevd Mr. Bachellor his salary this year without a 
 feciept or discharge in full." This displeased many, and a meeting was 
 Called shortly after, to see if the parish would " reconsider and disanul 
 that vote," but the meeting refused to act upon the question. After con- 
 siderable negotiation, the parish (December 18, 1750) voted Mr. Bachellor 
 £66.13.4, in addition to what had already been paid him, in full for his 
 salar}^ from his settlement to that time. This was not satisfactory to some 
 of the parish, and, failing to "Disanul ye vote," they " dissented against 
 ye Illegal proceedings. "=■•■= 
 
 In 1755, these difficulties assumed alarming proportions. Mr. Bachellor 
 was accused of heresy, in saying that the work of redemption was finished, 
 when Christ uttered the 'words "It is finished." This, his enemies, (led 
 on by Joseph Haynes, a shrewd and fearless man, of superior native 
 talent, and quite extensive reading,) denounced as downright heresy, and 
 made them the ground-work of a sharply contested controversy, which 
 raged with violence for a number of years, and finally ended in the removal 
 of Mr. Bachellor, 9th October, 17G1, upon terms that day recommended 
 by a Council. The subject was considered by the Haverhill Association, 
 and two Councils called for that purpose, who upheld Mr. Bachellor, and 
 published several pamphlets defending his conduct from the aspersions of 
 his enemies. These drew from Mr. Haynes, a large pamphlet, called ' ' A 
 Discourse in order to confute the Heresy, delivered, and much contended 
 for, in the "West-Parish, in Haverhill, and countenanced by many of the 
 ministers of the neighboring parishes, viz : That the blood and water 
 which came from Christ Tvhen the soldier pierced his side, his laying in 
 his grave, and his resurrection, was no part of the work of redemption, 
 and that his laying in the grave was no part of his humiliation." It was 
 printed in 1757. This drew a pamphlet in the following year, from the 
 Association and Councils, vindicating the measures they had taken, to 
 which Mr. Haynes soon after replied. A Council of nine churches con- 
 vened by adjournment on the 19th September, 1758, when twenty charges 
 against Mr. Bachellor were laid before it, condemning his conduct and 
 doctrines. The Council sat four days, and decided that they were not 
 sufficiently supported. Col. John Choate of Ipswich, one of their members, 
 differed from this decision and published his "reasons of dissent." The 
 same Council again met in the following year, when Mr. Haynes gave 
 
 . ° The dissentients Tvere Thomas Haynes, Joseph Haseltine, Thomas Page, Joseph Hutchcns, Daniel 
 Lad, Jr., Peter Carleton, Jonathan Emerson, Joseph Haynes, Timothy Emerson, and William Ayer. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 them some "friendly remarks," whidi were afterward published; but 
 tliis second examination of the charges only confirmed them in their former 
 decision. 
 
 Eev. Samuel Bachellor was a graduate of Harvard College^ of the class 
 of 1731, and a man of superior talent and attainments. During his min-^ 
 istry in the parish, he baptized about four hundred and fifty ; thirty-eight 
 owned their baptismal covenant; and one hundred and eighteen were 
 admitted to the church. •■' After his dismission, Mr. Bachellor continued 
 to reside in the parish until his death. In 1769, and again in 1770, he 
 was chosen to represent the town in the General Court. 
 
 After the dismissal of Mr. Bachellor, the parish was without a settled 
 pastor nine years. 
 
 In March, 1762, Eev. Nathaniel Noycs commenced preaching in the 
 parish, shortly after which, the church and parish voted " to settle upon 
 Congregational Principles," and to organize the church according to the 
 platform of church discipline agreed upon by the Cambridge Synod in 
 1649,— -"except the 11th section of the 10th chapter of that platform, 
 which allows the elder a power to negative the Brotherhood." In the 
 October following, the church and parish extended a unanimous invitation 
 to Ml*. Noyes to settle with them, but he declined. The next January the 
 invitation was renewed, but without success. After Mr. Noyes left, a Mr. 
 Wheeler occupied the pulpit for a short time, when he was succeeded by 
 Eev. John Carnes. 
 
 In March, 1766, Mr. Carnes was invited to settle with the parish, but 
 declined. The call was renewed April 14th, and accepted, but, for some 
 reason not stated, he was not settled. 
 
 In June, 1767, a call was extended to Eev. Joseph "Willard, (afterward 
 president of Harvard College) who accepted, and the last Wednesday in 
 October was assigned for his ordination ; but, for reasons not given, the 
 ordination never took place. 
 
 In March, 1769, Eev. Phineas Adams received a call by " a great ma* 
 jority " of the parish, though several were so strongly opposed to hia 
 settlement that they petitioned to be released from paying toward his 
 support. The following December the call was repeated, when it was 
 accepted, and Mr. Adams was ordained January 9, 1771. He continued 
 with the parish until his death, in 1801, during which time, for ought that 
 appears upon the records, the society was prosperous and united. 
 
 o The church was organized October 22, 1735, with seventy-seven memhers, all of whom had been dis- 
 missed from the First Parish Church for that purpose. Kathan Webster and Peter Ayer were chosen 
 ■deacons, in November, 1735. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 569 
 
 Mr. Adams, who graduated at Cambridge in 1762, was a man of mild 
 and conciliatory manners, amiable disposition, sound sense, excellent 
 understanding, and extensive reading. He was not bigoted, and seemed 
 well calculated to quiet a turbulent society. After bis death, the parish 
 met, and voted to pay all the expenses of his funeral. 
 
 During his ministry, Mr. Adams baptized three hundred and thirty-one 
 {adults and infants); sixty-nine "owned their baptismal covenant ; " and 
 sixty-two were admitted to the church. 
 
 At the first church meeting after the settlement of Mr. Adams, John 
 Smith and Thomas Webster were chosen deacons. In 1782, Moses Web- 
 ster, and in 1785, Joseph Eaton, were chosen to the same office. 
 
 The first mention we find in the parish records of a school in the par- 
 ish, is in November, 1751, when it was voted to build a school-house 
 -eighteen feet sf^uare, at "ye Clay pitts near ye end of the Eoad that lead- 
 eth to ye house of Mr Jonathan Webster." At the next meeting, an 
 eifort was made to have the school-house placed in the centre of the par- 
 ish, but without succss. For seme reasons, the building of the school- 
 house proceeded very slowly, as we find that as late as February, 1754, 
 it was only partly finished, and was ordered, to be removed to the east end 
 of the meeting-house. The next month, a proposition was made to move 
 the meeting-house and the school-house to " Lad's plain," in the " center 
 of the Parish," but the proposition failed. The December following 
 (1754) the school-house was yet unfinished. At this time, the parish 
 voted that a school should be kept one-third part of the time at or near 
 Peter Carleton's ; one-third at Stephen Webster's ; and one-third at Sam- 
 ael Whitker's. It continued to be so kept until, at least, 1772. In 1774^ 
 it was kept at or near Jeremiah Hutchin's ; Timothy Eatton's ; and Peter 
 Emerson's ; at which time, there was as yet no school-house in the parish. 
 In the spring of 1791, the parish appropriated £82 for the building of 
 three school-houses. One was set " westward from Thomas AVest's, on 
 Enoch Bradley's land ; and one " near James Chase's." The location of 
 the third one does not appear. They were all built in 1791. 
 
 In 1792, the inhabitants of the "Eastern, on Jew street," petitioned 
 for a school in their vicinity a part of the time, but the request was not 
 granted. 
 
 In 1770, the parish voted ^' to continue to sing Dr Watts' Psalms & 
 Hymns in the congregation." This is the first allusion to singing we find 
 in the parish records. One of the articles in the warrant for the annual 
 meeting in 1771, was " To see if the Parish will vote a part of the Frunt 
 
 <3^alary for those to sit in who Have Larnt or are Earning to Sing by Eule. 
 
 72 
 
570 HISTORY OP nATEPvHILl, 
 
 Either to Build a Pew or other wise as Shall Ibe thot most proper." A^ 
 the parish at the time voted to make extensive repairs in the meeting* 
 house, no recorded action was taken about the singing ; but a pew was 
 doubtes's built at the time/ as we find that "the Singers Pew " was en- 
 larged in 1788, and again in 1794, In 1810, the parish appropriated 
 thirteen dollars toward the support of a "singing school/' This, we be- 
 lieve, is the earliest distinct allusion we have found, in any of the records 
 or papers we have examined, of a singing-sc/woZ in the town, though it is 
 by no means imin-obable that such schools were kept years before. Indeed 
 the fact that some were "Laming to sing by Eule " as early as 1771^ 
 would seem to imply that something of the kind was then, in oi>eration.=-' 
 
 In 1786, a proposition was made to purchase grounds for one or two 
 new "burying-places." The matter was referred to a committee, who re- 
 ported it inexpedient for the parish to purchase. A private subscription 
 was then started, and ground for a second burying-place was purchased 
 the same fall. It was located on the northerly side of the Salem, (N. H.) 
 road, and near Creek Brook,f 
 
 After the death of Mr. Adams, the parish was without a settled minis- 
 ter for twenty-five years, during which period its religious affairs were in 
 a very unsatisfactory state. 
 
 In 1803, a Mr. Mead occupied the pulpit for some months, and the pro- 
 position was made for the parish to join with the North Parish, and hire 
 him, to preach one-half the time in each jjarish, — but it was not agreed to« 
 
 At the annual parish meeting, March 17, 1806, it was 
 
 " Voted, that the Baptists, Methodists, or Universalists, who belong to 
 the West Parish, should have a right and privilege to* draw out of the 
 parish treasurer's hands, as much money as they pay in by taxes, — after 
 allowing or deducting for levying and collecting the same, — for to hire 
 such minister or ministers as they choose, provided they are of good stand- 
 ing or character, when there is not a minister employed by the parish 
 committee as has been usual in times past." 
 
 The above continued to be the practice until 1800, when a committee 
 consisting of one from each denomination was chosen to divide the money 
 raised for preaching, among the several denominations^! If any person 
 
 The earliest mention of a singing-school in the village, -which we have found, is an advertisement of 
 Samuel W. Ayer, in December, 1S12, of his intention to commence a " Singing School, at the First Parish 
 School House." 
 
 t The cemetery opposite the brick meeting-house has been laid out but a few years, and is the third ia- 
 the parish. 
 
 1 The only denominations represented by a " committee man," were the Congrcgationalists, (of 
 " Standing Order " ) the Methodists, and the L'nivcrsalists. 
 
HISTORY OF HAYERHILL. 571 
 
 refused to say to wliicli one lie desired liis money to be paid, it was to be 
 divided equally among all of them. 
 
 From 1809, to 1818, tlie above plan continued in operation. Eacb de- 
 nomination had preaching of their own, as many Sabbaths in the year as 
 the money thus divided would furnish. 
 
 In 1818, ten members of the parish petitioned for a parish meeting " To 
 instruct the Committee of the Congregational order how much preaching to 
 engage ; " and also " To see if Preachers of the Universal order shall be 
 admitted to preach in said Meeting House in the West Parish the present 
 year." At the same time, fourteen others petitioned for a meeting, to see 
 if the parish would vote that the money paid into^the treasury for the sup- 
 port of preaching, might not be drawn out " to hire the Congregational, 
 Methodist, and Universal Preachers, as usual." 
 
 This was an attempt, on the part of the Congregationalists, to regain 
 entire control of the parish, but it was unsuccessful. The parish refused 
 to act upon the propositions in the first petition, and agreed to those of the 
 other. 
 
 In May, 1821, the parish voted to extend a call to Eev. Mr. Pomeroy, 
 btit no action appears to have been taken by the church, and he was not 
 invited. One year later, a proposition was made to invite Eev. Mr. Lam- 
 bard but it was not agreed to. Two years .still later, an attempt was 
 made to unite on Eev. Stephen Morse, but this also proved unsuccessful. 
 
 Finally, in September, 182C, the church unanimously invited Eev. 
 Moses Gr. Grosvenor to become their pastor. In this call, the parish joined, 
 and Mr. Grosvenor accepted the invitation. He was ordained December 
 27, 1826. 
 
 Soon after the settlement of Mr. Grosvenor, David "Webster, by his last 
 will and testament, bequeathed to the parish two pieces of land, contain- 
 ing about twenty acres ; two thousand dollars in money ; and all the resi- 
 due of his personal estate, after paying his debts, &c. The conditions of 
 the bequest were, in substance, as follows : — The income and interest 
 of the property bequeathed was to be "applied exclusively for the support 
 and maintaiuance of an ordained Gospel minister of the congregational or 
 presbyterian denomination, who is orthodox or Calvinistic in his senti- 
 ments, in the west or second parish in said Haverhill." Whenever any 
 minister of that description should be " regularly ordained and settled " in 
 the pai'ish, "according to the custom of congregational or jH'esbyterian 
 churches," the trustees-^ were to pay over to the proper parish officers the 
 
 ° John Marsh, Esq., and Mr. Brickett Bradley, of Haverhill ; and Eev. Gardner B. Perry, Eev. Ij-a 
 Ingraham, and Mr. David C. Kimball, of Bradford, "their successors," <fec., were designated as trustees 
 of the property bequeathed. 
 
572 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL.. 
 
 income of the bequest. If there should not be any such minister so set- . 
 tied, the bequest was to be an accumulating fund in the hands of the 
 trustees for the term of ten years, (unless such a minister should be set- 
 tled before that period) when the income was to be paid over " to the 
 domestic missionary society '•■' =••■= =•■' to be applied specially for the 
 support of preachers of the Gospel, of the denomination aforesaid, in such 
 vacant and destitute parishes as are unable to supply themselves." The 
 income was to revert to the parish "whenever they settled a minister as 
 specified ; and at the expiration of ten years after such a minister had 
 been settled by the parish, and had " remained as such during that 
 period," the trustees might, by consent of the judge of probate, transfer 
 the capital sum of the bequest to such trustees of the funds of the parish 
 as should be duly authorized to receive the same. The will is dated July 
 12th, 1827. Mr. Webster died October 18th, 1828, aged 79 years. 
 
 Mr. G-rosvenor was a Congregationalist, and was settled as such. By 
 the terms of his settlement, the connection between the pastor and the 
 parish could at any time be dissolved by a three months' notice from either 
 party. 
 
 It could hardly be expected that such a settlement would be satisfactory 
 to the other denominations in the parish, and we accordingly find, under 
 date of January 10, 1828, a petition from thirty-nine members of the 
 parish, requesting a parish meeting, " To see if the Parish will vote to 
 appropriate any money, and if any, how much, to hire ministers to preach 
 in said Parish, in addition to the Pievd Mr. Grosvenor." The meeting 
 was held, and it was voted (yeas fifty, nays fifty-three) not to hire any 
 other minister, as petitioned for. 
 
 A few weeks later, (March 13, 1828) a meeting was called to see if the 
 parish would give Mr. Grosvenor a " three months' notice to withdraw his 
 pastoral connection " with the parish. The proposition was carried, and 
 Mr. Grosvenor was accordingly dismissed.-' 
 
 *' Daring Mr. Grosvenor's ministry, thirty-one were admitted to the church ; twenty-three were baptized ; 
 and ten renewed their baptismal covenant. From the death of Rev. Mr. Adams, in ISOl, to May, 
 1824, there were thuty admissions to the church. From the same date, to Augfust, 1824, thirty-three 
 persons were baptized. In August, 1820, Deacon Aaron Clarke, (who removed to this town from Wells, 
 Me., in 1807,) was chosen deacon (associate) with Deacon Moses Webster. Deacon Clarke died March 
 3, 1828, aged 90 ; and Deacon Webster died January 27, 1827, aged 90. The latter was a member of the 
 church fifty-one years, and for forty-four years one of its deacons. In May, 1824, the church adopted a 
 new form of "Articles of Faith and Covenant." September 6th, of the same year, nineteen persons were 
 admitted to the chyrch. In the records of 1S21, and subsequently, we notice that persons admitted to 
 the church were frequently "baptized the same day." Several are recorded as having been "rebaptized" 
 on their admission. In February, 1827, Joseph and Moses Webster were chosen deacons. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 573 
 
 The Congrcgationalists, finding themselves in the minority in the parish, 
 soon after decided to withdraw, and organize a new society. They erected 
 a neat and substantial brick meeting-house," one mile west of the old 
 parish meeting-house, and, August 3d, 1829, petitioned for a parish meet- 
 ing to see if the parish would " vote to give the liev. Abijah Cross a call 
 to settle with them in the gospel ministry to preach in the brick meeting 
 house," on condition that his salary should not commence until the next 
 annual parish meeting, in March, 1830 ; that the parish treasurer should 
 " pay over annually to that part of the parish that do not wish to pay Mr. 
 Cross, all their taxes, and so much of the annual income of the parsonage 
 property as shall bear an equal proportion to their parish taxes or rateable 
 estates; " that the latter should have " a right to spend the money thus 
 paid over, in the old meeting house, for such preaching as they shall 
 choose ; " and that a three months' notice shall be sufficient to dissolve 
 the connection between Mr. Cross and the parish. 
 
 The next day, (August 4, 1829) the Universalists petitioned for a parish 
 meeting, "to see if the parish will vote to give a call to Eev. Daniel D. 
 Smith to settle with us as our minister," &c. A parish meeting was there- 
 upon warned for the 26th of the same month, to act upon the several 
 propositions of the two petitions. In the meantime, (xiugust 20) the 
 church extended a unanimous call to Mr. Cross, to settle with them, as 
 their minister.f 
 
 On the 26th, the parish met, and voted to give Eev. Mr. Smith a call to 
 settle with them for two years ; and not to give a call to Eev. Mr. Cross. 
 Mr. Smith accepted the same day. 
 
 October 20th, a meeting of the church was held at Dea. Moses Web- 
 ster's, and a committee was chosen to remonstrate against the settlement of 
 Mr. Smith. But the remonstrance did not prevent the settlement of Mr. 
 Smith over the parish society. 
 
 At the next annual parish meeting an effort was made to revive the old 
 plan of dividing the receipts from parish taxes " among the different 
 denominations," but was unsuccessful, — as was also one to sell wood from 
 the parsonage land for the same purpose. 
 
 * It was dedicated May 7, 1829. The first meeting was held in it in the February preceding. 
 
 t The church had from the first been a Congregational Church, and when the Congregationalists sece- 
 ded from the parish, the church went with them, as a body. The Universalists had no church organiza- 
 tion in the parish, until after the final separation, in 1829. They were among the members of the old 
 parish, but not of the old parish church. 
 
 The Methodists never had a regular church organization in the parish. In 1818, they held one commu- 
 nion, for which time they requested the use of the communion vessels belonging to the parish church, but 
 were refused. In lieu of fhem, they used decanters and common tumblers. Even their use of the " Sac- 
 rament Table," was thought to have been " an unchristian encroachment on the ecclesiastical rights of 
 the church " in the parish, " & highly reprehensible." 
 
574 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 May 4tli, 1831, tlie church renewed their call to the Eev. Mr. Cross, 
 which was accepted; and he was installed on the 18th of the same month. 
 He continued a faithful pastor of the church and society until January 
 26th, 1853, when he was dismissed Tby a mutual council, at his own 
 request." 
 
 Eev. Abijah Cross was born in Methuen, Mass., October 25, 1793, 
 graduated at Dartmouth College in 1821, and entered the Andover Theo- 
 logical Seminary the year following. Shortly after this, he left the Semi- 
 nary, and pursued his theological studies chiefly with Eev. Dr. Dana, of 
 Newburyport. He was licensed to preach in 1823 ; and in March, 1824, 
 was ordained at Salisbury, N. H. He was dismissed from that church in 
 April 1829, and immediately after, commenced preaching in the West 
 Parish. After his dismissal, in 1853, he continued to reside in the town, 
 most of the time in the village, until his death, April 14, 1856. 
 
 Eev. Mr. Smith continued with the parish (Universalist) society, until 
 1831, from which time, until 1834, that society was without a regular 
 minister. In March, of the last named year, a call was extended to Eev. 
 Thomas G-. Farnsworth, previously pastor of the First Universalist society 
 in this town, to settle with them for ten years, at a salary of $400 per 
 annum, with the use of the parsonage. The invitation was accepted. 
 Mr. Farnsworth remained with the society until April 1837, when he was 
 dismissed, at his request. 
 
 In 1832, a proposition was made to remove the old meeting-house, to 
 some point nearer the centre of the parish. A committee was chosen 
 to estimate the cost, (tc; and in 1834, the house was taken down, moved 
 one mile and a quarter west, re-framed, and re-erected. 
 
 After the dismissal of Eev. Mr. Farnswoi'th, in 1837, the parish society 
 were destitute of a regular minister, until June, 1840, at which time Eev. 
 Henry M. Nichols was ordained and settled, at a salary of $500 a year. 
 Mr. Nichols continued with the society until his death, in 1842. 
 
 About this time, the bequest of Mr. Webster began to attract special 
 attention by the two societies in the parish. The income of the fund had 
 accumulated until it alone amounted to several thousand dollars, but not a 
 dollar of it had as yet been applied to its intended purpose, and, as then 
 organized, neither of the two societies could lay claim to it. The parish 
 (Universalist) society were without the specified kind of a minister to 
 entitle them to the bequest ; and the church (Orthodox) society no longer 
 
 o During the whole ministry of Mr. Cross in the ivest parish, (nearly twenty-four years) one hundred 
 and forty-one were admitted to the chui-ch, and one hundred and one haptizcd. 
 
HISTORY OP SAVERHILI.. C75 
 
 liad a minister who was settled hj the parish. Neither society could claim 
 the benefit of the fund, but each could prevent the other from enjoying it< 
 
 Trom March, 1844, — when a committee was first chosen by the parish 
 society, " to act in reference to the Fund of the late David Webster," — 
 down to 1852, — when the matter was finally adjusted, — the disposition 
 of this fund was a prolific theme for society discussions and negotiations. 
 Various oifers were made by each society, from time to time, until March 
 29, 1851, when the Congregational society offered the parish (or Univer^^ 
 salist) society $2,400, for the privilege of becoming themselves the Parish, 
 — which was accepted. The Universalists, or j)arish society, were to 
 retain possession of all the parish property they were then in possession 
 of, and were to relinquish to the Congregationalists, or church society, all 
 right and claim to the Parish, and the latter were to have the Webster 
 fund. 
 
 April 27, 1852, an act was obtained granting leave to the parish society 
 to make the transfer, which was accepted June 17th, and in the October 
 following, (October 6, 1852) forty-five members of the Congi-egational 
 society were admitted members of the parish. On the 16th of the same 
 month, thirty members of the parish withdrew from it, and it was thus 
 left in the hands of the Congregationalists, where it yet remains. 
 
 Soon after the transfer of the parish was perfected, in 1852, the then 
 parish (now Congregationalists) took measures to settle a minister agree- 
 ably to the conditions of the will of Mr. Webster, and, December 14th, 
 extended a call to Eev. S. E. Kendall, — which was declined." January 
 26th, 1853, Eev. Mr. Cross was dismissed from the Congregational church 
 and society, at his own request, and, in March, Eev. Asa Farwell was 
 invited to settle as their pastor. Mr. Farwell accepted, and was ordained 
 April 21st, of the same year. 
 
 Eev. Asa Farwell was born in Dorset, Vt., March 8th, 1812 ; fitted for 
 college at the Burr Seminary, Manchester, Vt. ; graduated at Middlebury 
 College, in 1838, and at Andover Theological Seminary, in 1842. From 
 1842 to 1852, he was principal of the Abbott Female Academy, at Ando- 
 ver. He commenced preaching in the West Parish, in February, 1853, 
 where he yet remains. 
 
 From the settlement of Eev. Mr. Farwell, in 1853, to the present time, 
 (December, 1860) there have been fifty-five admissions to the church, and 
 thirty baptisms. 
 
 In December, 1844, Ezra B. Welch and John Mitchell were chosen 
 deacons ; in December, "1856, Daniel Webster was chosen in place of the 
 
 « Mr. Kendall was invited to settle as a colleague of Mr. Cross. 
 
676 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 latter, who had removed from the parish ; in December, 1860, Isaac Pet^ 
 tingill was chosen in place of Deacon Welch, removed from town. It iS 
 an interesting fact that of the fifteen deacons of the church, from 1735 to 
 1860, seven were of the name of Webster, viz. : Nathan, Stephen, 
 Thomas, Moses, Joseph, Moses, and Daniel Webster. 
 
 The Universalist Society. As this society was the Parish, from 1828 
 to 1852, we have already given the most prominent points of its history 
 down to the latter date, and find but little to add in this place. 
 
 Since the death of Eev. Mr. Nichols, in 1842, the society have had no 
 settled minister, though they have had preaching the most of the time. 
 The following named, in their regular order, have supplied the desk for 
 one year or more, each, since the period referred to : - — Eev.'s Josiah 
 Crilman, Cyrus Bradley, W. W. Wilson, Willard Spaulding, James E. 
 Pomfret, Lemuel Willis, Martin J. Steere. The Eev. Mr. Wilson con* 
 tinned with the society about four years. Mr. Spaulding was their 
 minister at the. time the parish transfer was effected. Mr. Steere is their 
 minister at the present time. 
 
 August 30, 1852, the society was re-organized, under the name of The 
 First Universalist Society in the West Parish of Haverhill. This was 
 rendered necessary by the transfer of the parish organization to the Con* 
 gregational society, as already mentioned. 
 
 In 1857, a proposition was made to the society, by that portion of its 
 members residing in " Ayer's Village," so called, to remove the meeting- 
 house to that village, or to build a new one at that place. The pro- 
 position was indefinitely postponed. Two years later, the proposition 
 was again made, but, by the vigorous exertions of those opposed to the 
 change, it was negatived by one majority. This was in April, 1859. 
 
 June 12th, of the same year, a meeting of the residents of the above 
 named village was called, when it was unanimously voted to build a meet- 
 ing-house at that place, and a committee was chosen to purchase a site for 
 the proposed edifice. 
 
 July 4th, those interested in the movement organized themselves, under 
 the general statute, into a corporate body, by the name of Ayers Village 
 Associates., for the purpose of holding and transferring property, and 
 managing their affairs, in a legal manner. An eligible lot of land was 
 purchased, situated a few rods east of the four corners in the village, on 
 the north side of the street, and a neat and convenient church was 
 promptly erected, at an expense of about $5,000. It was dedicated April 
 .25, 1860. As the members still hold their individual membership in the 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 577 
 
 old society, they have not, as yet, perfected their organization as a reli- 
 gious society. Since the church was dedicated, the desk has been regularly 
 supplied. Ecv. Mr. Damon, formerly of the Summer Street society, now 
 preaches one-half of the time, and the remainder is filled by short engage- 
 ments, as opportunity offers. 
 
 East Parish. 
 
 We have already given''' an account of the erection of the easterly part 
 of the town into a separate Precinct, or Parish, in 1743, and need not 
 repeat it in this place. In November, of the same year, the first parish 
 meeting was held " at the house of Nathl Whittier, deceased. "f Eobert 
 Hastings was chosen clerk, and a committee was chosen to select a location 
 for a meeting-house, who reported, at an adjourned meeting, a recom- 
 mendation that it be erected " at the south side of Turkey Hill, near the 
 south-east end of the Hill." The report was accepted, and measures were 
 at once taken to have the meeting-house so far finished as to allow it to be 
 used for meetings by the following September, — which was done. The 
 house was not actually finished, until a few years before it was torn down, 
 in 18.38, — nearly a century after. The gallery floors were laid about 
 
 1752, " the windows on the back side of the pulpit" were cut out in 
 
 1753, at the request of the minister, Eev. Mr. Parker, " for his conveine- 
 ancy of aier in the summer season ; " the house was plastered in 1768; 
 the pews were built at various times from 1 744 to some time subsequent 
 to 181 6| ; the east end was clapboarded, and " the fore doors & window 
 frames " painted in 1793. Until about 1816, the two sexes sat apart 
 during service, (except those families who were so fortunate as to own 
 pews) and the " women's seats " are mentioned even later than that date. 
 The house was first artificially heated in 1829, when two "box" 
 stoves were introduced. The writer well remembers their gigantic pro- 
 portions, and long funnels. The latter, in the absence of a chimney, were 
 thrust through the windows on the north and south sides of the house. 
 
 As soon as the house was ready for occupancy, the inhabitants of the 
 parish invited the neighboring ministers to fast and pray with them, "for 
 ye divine direction, in order to give a Person a call to settle among them 
 in the work of the ministry." For that purpose, September 6th, 1744, 
 was set apart. After the meeting was concluded in the afternoon, the 
 
 e See page 320. 
 
 t Where John B. Nichols, Esq., now lives. 
 
 X After the house was erected, sixteen privileges for boildingpews in it were sold at auction. 
 
 73 
 
578 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 ministers recommended Mr. Benjamin Parker as a person well qualified 
 for the place. Accordingly, October 4th, a call was extended to Mr. Par- 
 ker to become their minister. The parish voted to give him the use of all 
 the parsonage land ; build him a parsonage house and barn ; and pay him 
 £100 Old Tenor, and £70 " provision pay," annually, for the first three 
 years, and after that, the provision pay was to be increased to £100 per 
 annum. The call was accepted, and Mr. Parker was ordained November 
 28, 1744, at which time the church was "gathered." The latter consisted 
 of sixteen male members. At the first church meeting, January 31, 
 1745, Eobert Hunkins and Peter Green were chosen deacons/^ 
 
 Although the church was not gathered, and a pastor ordained, until 
 this time, " the inhabitants of the precinct had constant preaching for 
 some time previously."! 
 
 It was a part of the agreement with Mr. Parker, that a parsonage house 
 and barn should be built for his accommodation, but for some reason, 
 (probably on account of the large expense already incurred for the new 
 meeting-house) the parish in the following March (1745) chose a commit- 
 tee to request him to wait a time before obliging them to build the house. 
 His answer was, " no, he would not," — and the house was built and 
 finished before the next October. The house is still standing, nearly 
 opposite the meeting-house, and is occupied for the original purpose. 
 
 In 1 748, the parish built a school -house, about six rods northerly of the 
 meeting-house, and laid out two burying-grounds, the first " between Jon- 
 athan Marsh's barn and Gravel shoot," the other " in the corner of Eichard 
 Colby's land nearest country bridge." Both of these places are still used 
 for the purpose, and are the only ones ever laid out in the parish. A few 
 years subsequently, the school money was divided into two parts, and one 
 school was kept at Gideon George's, and another at Joseph Greek's. Tlys 
 plan continued in operation until the division of the town into smaller 
 school districts finally took the matter entirely out of the hands • of the 
 parish. 
 
 In 1767, several persons "brought in their papers as Baptists," and re- 
 quested to be exempted from parish rates, but were refused. In return, 
 they refused to pay the rates, and after several efforts to collect them, the 
 parish finally, in 1768, voted to free all " who were baptized before they were 
 rated in 1766." The next year the privilege was modified so as to exempt 
 only those who had been baptized " by Diping or plunging in the water." 
 
 o In 1757, Joseph Kelley was joined with them, 
 t Rev. Mr. Parlier's Church Records, 1744. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 579 
 
 The number of Baptists seems gradually to have increased, until a Bap- 
 tist church was finally formed in the parish. Their influence may be 
 judged by the fact that as early as 1780, Eev. Hezekiah Smith was, by a 
 vote of the parish, invited to "preach or Lecture one Sabbath in the 
 meeting house." 
 
 We have already mentioned one of the "peculiarities" of Rev. Mr. 
 Parker, in his reply to the committee requesting further time to build 
 Lis parsonage house. His determination, manifested thus early, to have 
 the articles of agreement carried out to the letter, was subsequently, in 
 part, at least, a cause of much trouble. It was a part of that agreement 
 that he should be paid £100 annually, Old Tenor ; and when that cur- 
 rency afterward depreciated largely in value, the parish were, perhaps, 
 less inclined to make up the deficiency, than they would have been under 
 other circumstances. The unpleasant state of feeling thus engendered, 
 was afterward greatly increased by the course of Mr. Parker in withhold- 
 ing his encouragment and sympathy from the patriots of the Eevolution. 
 He was believed to be a loyalist, or " tory," and when his parish, in 1775, 
 requested him to abate somewhat of his salary, his answer was that he 
 would not, but " would stand for the whole of it." Twice a committee was 
 then chosen, and sent to "treat with him," in regard to annulling the con- 
 tract. Then a committee was sent to gain his consent to a reference of 
 the matter to " the neighboring ministers, or any other persons," but he 
 not only refused, but desired " the parish would not trouble him with any 
 committees hereafter, for he would not hear them." Upon this 
 
 " It was put to vote by the moderator to see if the Parish will have the 
 Eeverend Mr Parker to Preach to them any more for the futur or not, it 
 passed in the afirmative — they would not have him." 
 
 " It was put to vote by the moderator to see if the Parish will Shut up 
 the meeting house Dors and fasten them up for the time to come — it 
 passed in the afirmative." 
 
 Captain Daniel Johnson, Anthony Chase, and Samuel Ayer, Jr., were 
 then chosen " a committee to fasten up the meting house dors on Monday 
 the 8th of January inst," — (1776). 
 
 Matters remained thus for twelve months, when the parish joined with 
 Mr. Parker in calling the help of an ecclesiastical council to settle the 
 difficulties. The council met at the house of Elias Johnson, and after 
 two days' negotiation, the connection between Mr. Parker and his parish 
 was dissolved. 
 
580 - UISTORY OF nAVERHILt. 
 
 He soon after removed to his own farm, about a mile south of the meet- 
 ing-house, =•■= where he continued to reside until his death, in 1789. He 
 was interred in the burial-ground near the meeting-house. 
 
 Eev. Benjamin Parker was a son of Daniel, of Bradford, and a graduate 
 of Harvard College in 1737. His first wife was Elizabeth Tletcher, of 
 Dunstable ; his second wife was Lucy Buggies, of Billerica. By the first, 
 he had six children ; and by the second, one. 
 
 During the ministry of Mr. Parker, seventy-seven persons owned the 
 covenant, and three hundred and |;hirty-four (mostly children) were bap- 
 tized. He married one hundred and thirty couples. 
 
 No services were held in the meeting-house from January, 1776, until 
 the spring or summer of 1778, when the pulpit was again occupied, though 
 irregularly. Prom November, 1777, to April, 1780, and from December, 
 1780, to December, 1791, there are no parish records, though it is certain 
 that regular preaching was had at least a part of the time. Nehemiah 
 Ordway (of Amesbxu-y) supplied the pulpit regularly from 1788 to Nov- 
 ember, 1793,t when Mr. Tappan, of Newbury, was engaged for a time. 
 Mr. Tappan also kept the parish Grammar School. In the winter of 
 1794_5, there were no services in the meeting-house. The church finally 
 became nearly extinct. Only one male member resided in the place ; no 
 church meeting was held for many years, and the church records could not 
 be found. 
 
 These records were supposed to have been concealed or destroyed by Mr. 
 Parker, previous to his death ; but a few years since, the original book of 
 church records was conditionally returned to one of the deacons of the 
 church by a daughter of Mr. Parker, and is now virtually in possession of 
 the rightful owners. 
 
 In October, 1796, the parish invited Eev. Isaac Tompkins to settle 
 among them, in which call the members of the church desired to join, but 
 it was questioned whether there was then a regular chiirch in the parish. 
 
 Under these circumstances, it was considered- advisable to begin anew, 
 and a council was called, January 11, 1797, for the purpose of forming a 
 
 o That now occupied by Henry Davis and next north of Joshua Lake. Mr. Parker purchased it of the 
 heirs of Timothy Eaton. 
 
 \ Kev. Nehemiah Ordway graduated at Harvard College in 1764, and was ordained in Middleton, 
 Mass., in 1788. He afterward requested and obtained a dismissal, and came to Haverhill and preached 
 in the East Parish seven years. He went from Haverhill to Ptaymond, N. H., and afterward removed to 
 Pembroke, N. H., where he died in 1836, aged 98 years. 
 
nlSTORY OP HAVERHlLt, 581 
 
 new church. Twenty years had made great changes in the parish, as may 
 be seen from the following extract from the minutes of the council." 
 
 " They esteem it a departure from chh order to constitute those mem- 
 bers of a new chh, who continue members of other chhs ; because it will 
 involve them in inconsistent obligations ; and therefore cannot embrace, 
 in the number of candidates, those who are of that description. At 
 the same time they esteem the number of four, tho' extremely small to 
 form a chh, not contrary to gospel rule ; because where two or three are 
 met tegether in X's name, the Head of the chh has promised to be with 
 them. The council also have in view the almost certain prospect of imme- 
 diate additions by regular dismission & recommendation from other chhs 
 & from this christian society. Therefore impressed with the solemnity of 
 the transaction, and conoieving ourselves duly authorized, we do constitute 
 and declare Elias Johnson, Ephraim Elliot, Joseph Greely, & Samuel 
 Woodbury a regular church of our Lord Jesus Christ." 
 
 The council do not mention the names of the women whom they admit- 
 ted,! foi' tl^6 reason (as given by Eev. Mr. Abbot, scribe, in a note to the 
 minutes) " that they thp't it sufficient to mention the names of the m^n, 
 as the male members are considered as constituting the body qualified to 
 transact business as a regular chh." 
 
 Immediately after their organization, the church extended a unanimous 
 call to Mr. Tompkins to become their pastor, which was accepted, and he 
 was ordained March 1st, 1797. His salary was $250 the first year, with 
 the use of the parsonage buildings and lands, and wood for his fires. 
 After that, he was to have such a salary as should be agTeed upon. It is 
 with pleasure we record the fact, that, from his settlement to his death, 
 (in 1826) the connection of Mr. Tompkins with his church and parish 
 was uniformly pleasant and satisfactory to all parties. After his death, 
 the parish voted his widow the free use of the parsonage house and adjoin- 
 ing land for one year. 
 
 Eev. Isaac Tompkins was a son of Christopher, of New Bedford, where 
 he was born, April 16, 1761. He received his theological education under 
 the direction, principally, of Eev. Samuel West, D.D,, of the same place. 
 He was a man of strong mental powers, well indoctrinated in theology, a 
 decided Calvinist, an argumentative and faithful preacher, unexceptionable 
 in moral and ministerial character, and highly esteemed by all who knew 
 him. Erom respect to his talents and acquirements. Brown University 
 
 ° The council met at the house of Elias Johnson. 
 t Nine in numher. 
 
582 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 conferred on Kim the honorary degree of Master of Arts, as early as 1795. 
 Mr. Tompkins died November 21, 1826, aged 65 years. ••- 
 
 During Mr. Tompkins' ministry, thirty-one adults, and forty-nine chil- 
 dren were baptized, and sixty-one persons were admitted into the church. 
 Twenty-five of the latter were admitted at one time, — April 11, 1813, 
 — and eight more May 23, of the same year. 
 
 Elias Johnson and Francis Swan were chosen deacons, on the day of the 
 ordination of Mr. Tompkins. Thomas Johnson was chosen to the same 
 office April 12, 1812. 
 
 After Mr, Tompkins decease, the society had no regular supply until 
 1828, when Rev. John H. Stevens, who had been the minister at Stoneham, 
 Mass., received an invitation to settle, which was accepted, and he was 
 installed in April of the same year. Mr. Stevens remained with the 
 society until the spring of 1833, when his health declined, and he was 
 dismissed at his own request.f During his ministry in the parish, he 
 baptized nineteen persons, (nine of them adults) and nineteen were admit- 
 ted into the church. 
 
 ^'rom the dismission of Mr. Stevens, until the early part of 1835, the 
 society was again without a settled minister. In May, of the latter year, 
 Eev, James Eoyal Gushing, (who had then supplied the pulpit for some 
 time) was invited to become their pastor, and accepted. He was installed 
 June 10, 1835. 
 
 The early labors of Mr. Gushing in the parish, were particularly suc- 
 cessful. In November, 1835, twenty- two persons were admitted to the 
 church by profession — twelve of whom were baptized. 
 
 In March, 1837, Tappan Ghase and Nathan Johnson were chosen dea- 
 cons, in place of deacons Foot and Johnson, resigned, " on account of age 
 and infirmity." In 1839, Gharles Goffin was chosen to the same office, in 
 place of Tappan Ghase, removed from the parish. 
 
 In 1838, the old meeting-house, that had withstood the elements for 
 nearly a century, was taken down, and the present house erected, nearly 
 on the same site. Many can remember the venerable, weather-beaten old 
 
 ® Mr. Tompkins married, January 29, 1797, Mary Alden, daughter of Captain John Alden, of Fair- 
 haven, Mass., '.vho was a lineal descendant of John Alden, the Pilgrim. They had seven children, Lois 
 Alden, Sarah, Isaac, Christopher, Mary, Samuel Sprage, and Abigail Weld. Lois A. married Judge 
 Spooner, of Fairhaven ; Isaac is a merchant of Chester, N. H. ; Christopher married a daughter of Enoch 
 Foot, Esq., of East Haverhill, and now resides in this town ; Mary married Charles Chase, and Sarah 
 married Anthony Chase, (brothers) of East Haverhill. Mrs. Tompkins was born February 16, 1767, and 
 died August 30, 1846, aged 79 years, 
 
 t Mr. Stevens returned to Stoneham, where he continued to reside until his death, which occurred a 
 few years since. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVEKHILL. 583 
 
 cturch, with its large square pews, its capacious galleries, its lofty pulpit, 
 and still loftier " sounding-board." We shall never forget our childish 
 speculation as to the support of the latter, nor our great relief when, stand- 
 ing on the back seat in the ancient gallery, we actually saw with our own 
 eyes the heavy braces that kept it in place ; and we are therefore prepared 
 to sympathize with the worthy minister"' whose first sermon under it was 
 delivered in the constant fear of being crushed by its fall ! 
 
 In April, 1844, the connection between Mr. Gushing and his charge was 
 dissolved, the parish having voted "not to raise any money for the support 
 of preaching the ensuing year." 
 
 Mr. Gushing is a native of Salisbury, N. H., where be was born No- 
 vember 23, 1800. He is a great-grandson of Eev. James Gushing, the 
 minister of the North Parish from 1730 to 1764. He received his theo- 
 logical education at the Seminary in Bangor, Me., and was first settled in 
 the ministry at Boxborough, Mass. Afterward, he was for a short time a 
 city missionary, at Boston. From Haverhill, he went to Wells, Me., 
 where he remained, settled in the ministry, for some ten years, when he 
 removed to Taunton, Mass., where he is now pastor of a society. 
 
 During the ministry of Mr. Gushing in this parish, he baptized fifteen 
 children, and twelve adults ; and twenty-eight persons were admitted to 
 the church. 
 
 In November, 1848, the society extended a call to Eev. Wm. Cogswell, 
 D.D., to become their pastor, but he declined. At the same time, Stephen 
 S. Grosby was chosen deacon, in place of Nathan Johnson, removed from 
 the parish. 
 
 In June, of the following year, Eev. Wales Lewis, of Kingston, Mass., 
 received and accepted a call to settle in the parish. Mr. Lewis continued 
 with his charge until the spring of 1857, when he was dismissed at his 
 own request, f During his ministry, eight persons were admitted to the 
 church by profession, — all of whom were baptized, — and two children 
 were baptized. 
 
 In August, 1857, Eev. Abraham Burnham accepted an invitation to 
 settle in the parish, and was ordained the following October. Mr. Burnham 
 is still the pastor. Since his settlement over the society, there have been 
 six admissions to the church by profession, and two by letter. 
 
 Mr. Burnham was born in Dunbarton, N. H., April 9, 1829 ; graduated 
 at Dartmouth in 1852, and at Andover in 1857. He commenced his 
 
 " Eev. Mr. Tompkins. 
 
 t Mr. Lewis is at present settled in Lyman, Maine. 
 
584 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 labors in tlie parish, immediately after the dismission of Mr. Lewis, and 
 received an invitation to settle as soon as he had completed his studies. 
 
 First Baptist Church. 
 
 The First Baptist Church and Society in this town, had its origin in a 
 casual visit of the Eev. Hezekiah Smith to the town in the autumn of 
 the year 1764. He was a young man, who had recently graduated from 
 the college in Princton, N. J., and been ordained to the christian ministry, 
 and his preaching was attended with remarkable success. At first, he 
 ministered in the pulpits of the " Standing Order," but when converts 
 were multiplied, and there were indications that a church of " Separatists" 
 under this " New Light " leader, would be organized, those pulpits were 
 closed against him. There being at that time no recognized Baptist 
 Church, in the immediate vicinity, the brethren in Haverhill were obliged 
 to proceed to their organization without council from abroad ; and, accord- 
 ingly, on the 9th of May, 1765, seven brethren and sixteen sisters, in all 
 twenty-three persons, "after solemn fasting and prayer, mutually agreed 
 to walk in gospel order together, having been first baptized by immersion, 
 but not joined to any church." With one exception, these persons had 
 all been baptized by Mr. Smith. 
 
 On the 28th of June, 1765, the church gave Mr. Smith a call to become 
 their pastor. This call does not appear to have been either accepted or 
 declined until August 22d, 1766, when Mr. Smith was received to mem- 
 bership, by letter from the Baptist Church in Charleston, S. C. The call 
 was then renewed, and on the 12th of November, 1766, Mr. Smith became 
 the pastor of the church, and continued in that office until his decease. 
 Though Mr. Smith did not formally become the pastor of the church until 
 the latter part of 1766, he " advised and directed " in the formation of 
 the church, and " constantly preached" from that time forward. 
 
 Immediately after the organization of the church, a large and commo- 
 dious meeting-house was erected, and finished the same year. It stood 
 near the present church, and was at first built without a steeple. The 
 latter was added in 1799. 
 
 Previous to July 1, 1767, those admitted members of the church were 
 all residents of this town. In February of that year, the churcb voted 
 "that one or two members with the Pastor, be authorized to receive any 
 person or persons into this church whom they shall esteem to be meet sub- 
 jects, provided the person or persons live at such a distance that they 
 cannot attend to be received into the church according to usual order." 
 In pursuance of this vote, persons were baptized and received to member- 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 585 
 
 sliip iu tlie cturch, whose residences were scattered over a wide extent of 
 territory to the north and east of this town. The pastor, with one or two 
 of the brethren, made missionary tours from time to time. Falmouth, 
 (Portland) Gorham, Sanford, Xarraganset, (Damariscotta) Berwick, Saco 
 Eiver, and other places in the State of Maine ; Brentwood, Stratham, Exe- 
 ter, Deerfiekl, Hopkinton, Dunbarton, Nottingham, and other settlements 
 in New Hampshire ; and Methuen, Dracut, Chelmsford, Eowley, and other 
 towns in Massachusetts, experienced the effects of these itinerating ser- 
 vices. The records mention frequent calls from these, and other places, 
 for the church to permit their pastor to come and baptize them and assist 
 them in forming a church, &c. As early as July, 1768, it is recorded that 
 the church " approve the doings of the Pastor and brethren in dismissing 
 from Haverhill church the members residing at the eastward, and in con- 
 stituting them into two Baptist churches, one in Gorham and the other in 
 Berwick, Me." May 4, 1781, several persons in Eowley, who had been 
 baptized, but had not joined any church, were organized as a branch of 
 the Baptist Church in Haverhill. They chose Samuel Harriman elder, 
 and continued as a branch of the Haverhill church, until 1785, when they 
 were set off as a separate church, and eight more were dismissed from the 
 mother church to join them. In the same year, eleven brethren in New- 
 buryport requested the same privilege, which was granted. These scattered 
 churches and members shared largely in the perplexities suffered by the 
 *' Separatists" of the times, and frequent appeals were made to the parent 
 church in this town, for sympathy, counsel, and assistance, in behalf of 
 those distant members. 
 
 Nor did the parent church herself escape those perplexities, — not to 
 call them by a harsher name. Its members were taxed to support the 
 churches of the "standing order;" their goods were not unfrequently 
 distrained for the payment of these taxes; their religious services were 
 disturbed or interrupted ; the " standing clergy " forbade the pastor from 
 preaching within parish bounds ; and in one instance, as he was delivering 
 a lecture upon a week-day evening, in a private house, a stone was hurled 
 at him through a window. Fortunately the missile failed to accomplish 
 the intended purpose. 
 
 About 1744, the law of the province was so modified, that Baptists and 
 others were exempted from paying taxes to the " standing order," provided 
 they filed certificates to the effect that they attended worship and paid 
 taxes in their own denomination. The Baptists made frequent efforts 
 toward securing a more perfect religious freedom, and were finally suc- 
 cessful. 
 
 74 
 
§85 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 On the 31st of July, 1767, the church voted unanimously to join witit 
 others in the formation of the Warren Association, In their letter upon 
 that occasion, they state that their original number was twenty-three ; 
 that thirty-four were added to that number by baptism, in the year 1765 ; 
 twenty-nine in 1766; and twenty-one in 1767; thus giving them, at the 
 date of the letter, one hundred and seven members. The Warren Associa- 
 tion was organized September 9, 1767, by the churches in Warren E. I., 
 Bellingham, Middleboro, and Haverhill, Mass. ; the first organization of 
 that character ever established in New England.' 
 
 At the organization of the Massachusetts forces, in 1775, Eev. Mr. 
 Smith was appointed chaplain to the regiment of Colonel Nixon, in which 
 were many Haverhill men. From the records of his church, under date 
 of July 12, of that year, we find that they *' voted that our Pastor shall 
 comply with the request of Col Nixon, and supply as chaplain the quarter 
 part of the time for the future in his regiment." Mr. Smith accepted the 
 appointment, and served in that capacity until 1780, when he was hon- 
 orably discharged, at his own request, and returned to the more grateful 
 labors of his ministry at home. -Though his pastoral labors had been in 
 the meantime suspended, his pastoral connection remained unbroken. =•■= 
 
 In February, 1793, the society received an act of incorporation, under 
 the name of The First Baptist Society in Haverhill. 
 
 In 1796, the society made an efibrt to secure for themselves a share in 
 the parsonage lands in the town, but without success. Similar efi"orts 
 were made, from time to time, as late as 1818, but were alike un- 
 successful. 
 
 In 1799, the meeting-house was thoroughly repaired and improved, and 
 a steeple erected, Samuel White, Esq., presented the society with a fine 
 bell for the latter, which was acknowledged by a handsome vote of thanks 
 and a vote that the donor should be exempt from all taxes for the recent 
 repairs. 
 
 ^ After a faithful and successful pastorship of a little more than forty 
 years, Mr. Smith was called to a higher field of labor. He died January 
 24, 1805, at the age of 68 years. 
 
 Eev. Hezekiah Smith, D.D., was born on Long Island, New York, April 
 21, 1737, of pious and reputable parents. He received his public educa- 
 tion at Princeton College, where he graduated in 1762, and took his 
 master's degree in 1765. After he left college, by advice of his physician 
 he spent some time in travel, for the benefit of his health. On his arri- 
 
 c Mr. Smith-3 salary was £65 in 1794 ; £80 in 1798 ; £90 in 1803 ; and $300 in 1804. 
 
anSTOHY OP HAVERHILI/. 
 
 587 
 
 Val at Charleston, S. C, he was ordained as an Evangelist; after which 
 fee visited various parts of the United States; — in one year travelling 
 more than four thousand miles, and preaching about two hundred times. 
 He came into New England in the spring of 1764 intending to return in 
 the fall. He preached frequently while here, and came to Haverhill to 
 supply the pulpit at the West Parish for a time. His preaching was re- 
 markably successful. "He was endowed with a commanding presence, rare 
 social qualities and pulpit talent, and had enjoyed the best educational 
 advantages of his time. He preached without notes ; and his plain and 
 practical sermons, able expositions of scripture, (in which he excelled) 
 strong and commanding voice, and impressive manner, drew together large 
 numbers from the neighboring parishes. When it became known that the 
 popular preacher was a Baptist, (which fact was not at first even sus- 
 pected) it added fresh fuel to the smouldering fires in the above parish, 
 and the doors of the pulpit were speedily closed against him. 
 
 Mr. Smith was among the first and firmest friends of Brown University, 
 and travelled through various parts of the country to collect monies for 
 its benefit. At an early period he was one of its Fellows, and continued 
 so until his death. Sensible of his talents, his theological knowledge, the 
 ■excellence of his character, and its indebtedness to him for his great exer- 
 tions in its behalf, that University, in 1797, conferred upon him the 
 iionorable degree of Doctor of Divinity. 
 
 On the day of Mr. Smith's death, his society met, and voted to pay all 
 the expenses of the funeral, and also to provide the widow, her daughter, 
 ^' and the girl," with " a suit of mourning." 
 
 During the ministry of Mr. Smith, three hundred and five persons were 
 admitted to the church, including the original members. 
 
 In the May following the death of their first pastor, the church secured 
 the services of Eev. William Bachelder, whose labors with the church in 
 Berwick, Me., for some nine years previous, had been attended with signal 
 tokens of divine favor. In September, the church gave him a call to set- 
 tle permanently with them, which was accepted, and Mr. Bachelder was. 
 installed on the 4th of December in the same year. His salary was $600. 
 In this ofijce he continued with great acceptance and success until his 
 ■death,* which occurred April 8th, 1818, in the fifty-first year of his age, 
 and the twenty-sixth of his ministry. =■•' 
 
 During this time, two hundred and nine persons were admitted to the 
 church. But few men havQ passed from among us whose memories are 
 
 « Mr, Bachelder was born in Boston, March 25, 1768. 
 
588 HISTOBY OF HATEBHILL. 
 
 more ardently cherished Tby tbe living, than is that of Mr. Bachelder. 
 He adorned every relation in life, the civil, social and domestic. He "was 
 unwearied in the discharge of his duties, both temporal and spiritual. 
 The Maine Literary and Theological Institution will long cherish his 
 memory, as one of its earliest patrons and warmest advocates. 
 
 In the July following the decease of Mr. Bachelder, the Eev. George 
 Keely came to Haverhill, and for the first time ministered to this people. 
 He had recently arrived, with his family, from England, where, having 
 pursued a course of theological study, under the tuition of the venerated 
 John Eyland at the Seminary of the Baptists, in Bristol, he had been for 
 several years successfully engaged in the ministry. On the 21st of 
 August following, the church gave him a call to settle, which was accepted, 
 and he wds installed their pastor on the 7th of October, 1818. His salary 
 was at first $800, and afterward $600. 
 
 In April, 1820, a plan for a permanent ministerial Fund was adopted 
 by the society. The Fund was to be formed by quarterly contributions, 
 donations, &c., and neither principal or interest were to be used until it 
 amounted to $1,000, and none of the principal until it amounted to 
 $10,000. In April, 1822, the amount of the Fund was $95.96. In Octo- 
 ber of that year, Mrs. Sarah How made a donation to the Fund, of $1,000. 
 October, 1823, Mrs. Anna, widow of Dr. Nathaniel Saltonstall, donated 
 $500. April, 1825, Mrs. Eebekah, widow of James Duncan, Esq., also 
 donated $500. The trustees of the Fund were incorporated in 1823. The 
 quarterly collections were discontinued in 1828. In 1830, the Fund amount- 
 ed to $3,013,33. In 1842, about ninety-three acres of land, which was 
 given by Mrs. Sarah How, subject to the life estate of David How, Esq., 
 came into the possession of the trustees. In April, 1860, the Fund 
 amounted to $3,694,76. 
 
 In 1822, stoves were for the first time placed in the meeting-house. 
 The same year, $25 was appropriated for the " support of the music," 
 which appears to have been the first appropriation of the kind. In 1830, 
 a bass-viol was purchased by the society; and in 1834, a double bass-viol 
 was added. 
 
 Eev. Mr. Keely continued pastor of the church until April 13, 1832, 
 when he was dismissed, upon his resignation, after a settlement of giearly 
 fourteen years. He still continues to reside in the town, and retains his 
 membership in the church, honored and revered. During his ministry, 
 one hundred and fwenty-five persons were admitted to the church. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 589 
 
 May 26tli, 183 2," the church extended a call to Eev. Stephen P. Hill, in 
 which the society joined on the 4th of June. Mr. Hill accepted in July, 
 and was ordained on the first of the October following. 
 
 In 1833, the old meeting-house was taken down, and a new one erected 
 in its place. A neat and appropriate building was also erected a few rods 
 east of the new meeting-house, for a vestry. When the present church 
 was erected, the vestry was removed a short distance directly west, to How 
 Street, and was occupied for a primary school, until the summer of 1860, 
 when it was removed to the rear of Washington Street, and transformed 
 into a carpenter's shop. The hill upon which the old meeting-house stood 
 was cut down considerably previous to the erection of the second house, 
 and still more when the present church was built. The new meeting- 
 house was dedicated November 8, 1833. 
 
 In the fall of 1833, Kev. Mr. Hill asked and obtained leave of absence 
 for one year, from October 1st, on the score of impaired health. The next 
 April, he resigned his pastorship entirely. He was subsequently, and for 
 several years, settled in Baltinjore, when he removed to Washington, D. C, 
 where he now resides. * 
 
 February 2d, 1835, Eev. Edward N. Harris received and accepted a 
 unanimous call to settle with the church and society. He was to be 
 allowed a part of the time until the next November, to complete his stud- 
 ies at Andover Theological Seminary. The church at this time was un- 
 happily distracted by divisions, and Mr. Harris was never installed as 
 pastor. He resigned April 1, 1836.=-'= During the four years intervening 
 between the resignation of Eev. Mr. Keely, and the settlement of a per- 
 manent successor, sixty persons were admitted to the church by baptism. 
 
 In July, 1836, Eev. Arthur S. Train entered upon his ministry with 
 this society, and on the 5 th of the September following, received a call to 
 become their pastor. The invitation was accepted, and he was ordained 
 October 20th of the same year. His salary was at first $600, but was 
 gradually increased, until, in 1856, it was $1,200. 
 
 In July, 1848, it was voted to build a new meeting-house, and the pre- 
 sent imposing struture was accordingly erected, at an expense of upward 
 of $17,000. 
 
 Mr. Train continued with the church until January 1, 1860. During 
 his ministry, three hundred and ninety-one persons were admitted to the 
 church — two hundred and twenty-five of them by baptism. The volun- 
 
 o Mr. Harris afterward became a Universalist, and April 19, 1838, was installed as pastor of the First 
 Universalist Society in Methuen, Maes. 
 
590 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 tary contributions of the church and congregation during the same p6riod 
 were $20,327,41. 
 
 Kev. Arthur S. Train, D.D., is a native of Framingham, Mass., where 
 he was "born, November, 1812. He graduated at Brown University in 
 1833, and was subsequently Tutor in that institution until September, 
 1836. In June, 1859, he was unanimously elected Professor of Sacred 
 Ehetoric and Pastoral Duties in the Newton Theological Institution. He 
 entered upon the duties of that office in November, although his pastoral 
 connection with the above church was not dissolved until January, 1860. 
 During his ministry in Haverhill, Mr. Train married two hundred and 
 seventy-seven couples. 
 
 Christian Church. 
 
 The first meeting of those persons who afterward constituted the first 
 Christian Church in this town, was held in Bradford, December, 1803, at 
 the house of John Marble. Eev. Elias Smith, — who made his home in 
 Portsmouth, where he had a church, — preached on the occasion. The 
 following is a full copy of the records previous to April, 1805 : — 
 
 " An account of the reformation in Bradford and Haverhill, and the 
 gathering of the Christian Church, and its proceedings. — 
 
 "December 22, 1803. A Door was opened in Bradford (by Bro. John 
 Marble) where Elder Elias Smith Preached the Gospel the first time in 
 Bradford. The word had some eff"ect. 
 
 " Sept. 26, 1804. Elder Smith Preached again in Bradford. God 
 blessed the word to the awakening of some Souls, who soon after found 
 peace in believing. 
 
 " Nov. 27, 1804. Elder Smith Preached at Mr. Silas Plummer's, in 
 Haverhill. A Solemn time. The word had efi'ect on some minds. 
 
 " The Winter following. Elder Smith, Elder Abner 'Jones,- Elder Pot- 
 tle, & Bro. John E. Palmer, often attended meetings in Bradford and 
 Haverhill, under whose improvement the reformation was carried on." 
 
 The following spring (April 18, 1805,) Elder Smith baptized four per- 
 sons in Bradford, " who gave a reason of their hope to a number of Breth- 
 ren that attended, aiid were considered members of the Christian Church 
 in Portsmouth."! Between that date, and the organization of the church 
 in 1806, fifty-four persons (seventeen males, and thirty-seven females) 
 were baptized, by Elders -Smith and Jones. Of these, thirty-nine were 
 
 ^ Of Charlestown. 
 
 t These four persons were Samuel Heath, Sally Johnson, Betsey Kimball, and Eliza Parker. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 591 
 
 baptized in Bradford. The greater part of them were between the ages of 
 twelve and twenty-five years. 
 
 The record of the formation of the church is as follows : — 
 
 "April 9th 1806. Thursday. The Church met at Mr Silas Plum- 
 mer's in Haverhill." Elder Smith attended. Most of the Brethren 
 present. This day the Brethren and Sisters in Bradford and Haverhill 
 who had before been considered members of the Church of Christ in Ports- 
 mouth, by the consent of the Brethren there, and their own agreement, 
 consider themselves a Church of Christ to act in all things respecting 
 themselves, and at the same time to be in connection with the churches in 
 Portsmouth, Boston, Nantasket, Chebacco, and Woodstock Vermont, as all 
 have agreed to take the New-Testament as their only rule, naming and 
 owning the name of Christ (that is Christians) laying aside all human 
 creeds, articles, platforms, covenants, associations, councils, and every 
 human form of government, for the government of "Christ and that only. 
 Coppied from Bro Smith's hand." 
 
 January 31, 1807. The church met at Thomas Plummer's, in Haver- 
 hill, when they " received Bro Palmer as a preacher of the Gospel, and 
 consented to give him a letter of recommendation as such." 
 
 January 26, 1808. " The Brethren appointed Bro John Marble, Bro 
 John Plummer, and Bro Daniel Buzzel, to collect the Church Eecords and 
 copy them into a Book." 
 
 In the June following, a church meeting was held " to enquire into the 
 minds of the brethren concerning Bro Frederick Plummer, whether they 
 thought God had called him to preach the Gospel, and whether he 
 ought to be Ordained as such." The brethren decided that it was his 
 duty to work in the ministry, and on the loth of the following September 
 he was ordained. The place of ordination was the beautiful grove that 
 stood on the east bank of Little Eiver, near the easterly end of Walnut 
 Street, t 
 
 For several years the meetings were held in private houses, after which 
 a large room was obtained in the upper story of a building then belonging 
 to George W. Ayer, and situated on the site now occupied by the Whittier 
 Block, Merrimack Street. 
 
 The church was prosperous and united for a number of years after its 
 organization, though its practice and defence of " religious freedom in act 
 
 c His house was situated on Merrimack Street, in front of the present Baptist Church, 
 t Mr. Plummer was baptized May 2, 1805, by Rev. Elias Smith. 
 
592 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 and belief" brought upon it no small sbare of opposition, and unpopular- 
 ity. But divisions ere long began to creep in between its members, and 
 were soon succeeded by general coldness and indifference. The interest 
 gradually declined until the fall of 1816, when the meetings appear to 
 have been discontinued altogether, and the body ceased to act as a church. 
 The last entry in the records is dated October 8th of that year. The 
 whole number recorded as baptized previous to the latter date, is one hun- 
 dred and thirty-two. The church was supplied wholly by itinerant 
 preachers during this period of its history, of whom the following names 
 are preserved in the records : — Elders Elias Smith, Abner Jones, Henry 
 Pottle, John E. Palmer, Samuel Eand, Frederick Plummer, Douglas Earn- 
 ham, Kamzey, Asa Foster, and John Capron. 
 
 In the fall of 1821, an effort was made to revive the church. A meet- 
 ing was held, October 16th, at which Elder Jones preached, but the effort 
 to resuscitate was unsuccessful. Matters thus remained until the winter 
 and spring of 1823, when another effort was made, and this time with 
 success. At a meeting in April (1823) the living members "covenanted 
 anew, and were reorganized as a church. Elder Abner Jones being present.-' 
 Soon after, several persons were hopefully converted. This was followed 
 by a glorious revival, in which, we trust, about fifty were brought from 
 darkness to light." 
 
 The meetings were now held in the " old Haynes house," so called, 
 which stood near the corner of Emerson and Merrimack Streets. Early 
 the next spring, (1824) the church commenced the erection of a neat brick 
 chapel, on the west side of Washington Square, which was completed and 
 dedicated the ensuing October. It was called the Christian Union 
 Chapel. 
 
 In April, 1825, the church " selected Abel Nichols and George W. Ayer 
 for Deacons, upon trial." These appear to have been the first ones chosemf 
 At the same time, Henry Plummer was " selected as Bishop." 
 
 June 16th, of the same year, Elder Ebenezer Robinson was "acknowl- 
 edged as Pastor" of the church. He was engaged to preach only a part 
 of the time, however, and continued with the society until April 2, 1827, 
 when his connection was regularly dissolved. 
 
 August 2, 1826, Henry Plummer was regularly ordained to the work of 
 the ministry, in the new chapel, and became the regular pastor of the 
 church ; though, through an informality. Elder Eobinson remained nomi- 
 nally the pastor until the following April. 
 
 • The whole number was thirty-two — eight males, and twenty-four females. 
 t Nichols resigned the office April 9, 1833. 
 
HISTORY OF nAVERHIIL. 593 
 
 From the re-organization, in April, 1823, to October of the same year, 
 the desk was principally supplied by Elder Jones ; and from the latter date, 
 to the settlement of Kobinson, by Elder Henry Tatem, 
 
 In December, 1829, the church "acknowledged Bro John Morse as a 
 Deacon." 
 
 At a church meeting August 2, 1830, it was " agreed that the male 
 members of this church form a quorum for business, without the voice of 
 the female members, except in the receiving and excommunicating mem- 
 bers." This, however, was not generally satisfactory, and in the January 
 following it was " repealed." 
 
 May 3, 1832, David Evans and Oliver H. Koberts were chosen deacons; 
 and in the following month, " James Palmer, Samuel Greenleaf, Eichard 
 Woodman, and others, were chosen as helps in the church." 
 
 The number of worshipers had so much increased under the constant 
 and earnest labors of Elder Plummer, that in the above year, it was found 
 necessary to enlarge the chapel, which was accordingly done. 
 
 Elder Plummer continued the faithful and successful pastor of the 
 church, until the spring of 1843, when his connection was dissolved, at 
 his own request. During his pastorship, he baptized upward of three 
 hundred and eighty persons, and thirty others were received to fellowship.'-' 
 
 From the dismission of Mr. Plummer, in 1843, until 1856, when he 
 again assumed the pastoral charge, the church was under the successive 
 
 pastorship of Eev.'s H. P. Guilford, Pierce, Morrison, 
 
 Timothy Cole, William P. Merrill, Davis, and Martin. 
 
 The only baptisms from December 31, 1843, to November 14, 1847, were 
 three, all by Eev. Mr. Merrill, at the latter date. From this time there 
 were none until subsequent to January, 1850. A revision of the records 
 at the latter date found two hundred and seven members in good stand- 
 ing. December 1, 1854, John Bond was chosen deacon. 
 
 August 3, 1856, Eev. Mr. Plummer again received a call to become the 
 pastor of the church, which he accepted. At the same time, Oliver H. 
 Eoberts was chosen a deacon of the church. April 3, 1857, John Tenney 
 and John Brown were chosen to the same office. A revision of the church 
 records in 1858, showed a total of one hundred and thirty-seven members 
 in good standing, thirty-nine of whom were males. 
 
 Mr. Plummer remained as pastor of the society until the spring of 
 1857. He was succeeded (August 29, 1858,) by Eev. Leonard B. Hatch, 
 
 ° From the re-organization, in 1823, to the settlement of Mr. Plummer, in 1820, thirty-five persons 
 were received by baptism, and four by letters of recommendation. 
 
 75 
 
594 HISTORY or hateehtle. 
 
 who subsequently received a call to settle, and was ordained as tLeir pas- 
 tor January 5, 1859. 
 
 Soon after the settlement of Mr. Hatch, the chapel of the society was 
 thoroughly re-modeled and repaired ; and a steeple and hell added. The 
 whole expense of the improvements was about $8,000. The church was 
 re-dedicated May 17, 1860. The number admitted to the church between 
 February 1, 1859, and February 1, 1861, have been thirty-four, nine of 
 them by letter. 
 
 Mr. Hatch continued with the society until April, 1861, when he was 
 dismissed at his own request. •■- 
 
 Second Baptist Church. 
 
 About the year 1817, a few persons of the Baptist faith, — not exceed- 
 ing fifteen in number, — residing in the extreme easterly part of the town, 
 conceived the idea of holding regular religious services in the old school- 
 house on the common, a little southeast of the present new school building. 
 For this purpose, they joined in engaging the services of a Mr. Merrill, 
 of Amesbury, a lay preacher, and from that time regular meetings were 
 held on the Sabbath, and were well attended. Some two years afterward, 
 Mr. Merrill was succeeded by a Mr. Westcott — also a lay preacher — 
 who preached regularly until the latter part of 1 820. 
 
 On the 31st of January, 1821, "A respectable number of the inhabi- 
 tants in Haverhill and Amesbury, convened at Wm. Chase's ; " signed the 
 articles for a second regular Baptist society in Haverhill ; and after mak- 
 ing choice of Cutting Moody as moderator, attended prayers. Having in- 
 voked the divine blessing upon their proceedings, they completed their 
 organization, by choosing Wm. D. S. Chase clerk and treasurer, and Cut- 
 ting Moody, Samuel Pillsbury, and "William Chase, " a committee to pro- 
 cure a teacher for the society, and draw orders on the treasurer." At a 
 subsequent meeting, the society voted to raise the sum of $100 to support 
 preaching that year. The number of persons who united in the organiza- 
 tion of the church was eighteen. Phineas Nichols and Stephen Bayley 
 were the first deacons. 
 
 In 1822, a meeting-house was erected, and completed in the fall of the 
 same year.f In the year following, a steeple was added. The cost of 
 the building was about $2,500. 
 
 * Mr. Hatch is a native of Bristol, R. I. He prepared for the ministry at Madison University, Ham- 
 ilton, N, Y. 
 
 t The land (one-half an acre) was presented to the society, by Wm. D. S. Chase. 
 
HISTORY OP IIATERHILL. 5 §5 
 
 In 1833, William Bowen, tten a student at Waterville, Maine, sup- 
 plied the pulpit during his vacation, and with such acceptance, that he 
 was invited to settle here as soon as his studies were completed. He ac- 
 cepted the call, and was ordained in the spring of 1825. He continued 
 with the society until 1828, when he was discharged at his own request. 
 His salary was $270 per year, with the privilege of three Sabbaths' 
 vacation. 
 
 From the dismission of Eev. Mr. Bowen, in 1828, the society was for 
 twelve years without a settled minister. During this time, however, sev- 
 eral candidates received invitations to settle,''' but declined. The difl&culty 
 attending the settlement of a new minister, we understand to have been 
 the limited salary offered, and not, as is too often the reason in similar 
 cases, the want of harmony among its members. 
 
 Happily, with the increase of years, there was a corresponding increase 
 in the resources of the society; and in June, 1839, Eev. Isaac Wood- 
 bury received and accepted a call to settle, at a salary of $450. Mr. 
 Woodbury continued his labors with the society until the early part of 
 1842. In March, of that year, Eev. J. M. Harris accepted an invi* 
 tation to become their pastor, and was ordained the same spring. His 
 salary was $350. Mr. Harris remained with the society until 1848. 
 
 In July, 1850, Eev. A. Brown received a call, and was ordained the 
 September following (September 11, 1850). His salary was the same as 
 that of his immediate predecessor. Mr. Brown continued with the society 
 until early in 1856. In March, of the same year, Eev. C. Fletcher 
 received a call to settle, at a salary of $500, — but declined. 
 
 One year later, Eev. Edward Humphreys accepted a similar invitation. 
 He was ordained May 28th, and remained as pastor of the church and 
 society until March, 1861, when he was dismissed at his own request. 
 The present number of church members is about eighty. 
 
 In 1857, the meeting-house was thoroughly re-modeled, and a bell 
 added ; and the house was re-dedicated in November of the same year. 
 
 First Universalist Society. 
 
 The first mention we find of religious services being held in the First 
 Parish by this denomination, is in February, Isil, when the Eev. Hosea 
 Ballou preached in the meeting-house belonging to the above parish, for 
 which courtesy, a card of thanks was presented to the parish, by "the 
 
 ° Rev. John Jennings, in 1836 ; and Eev. John Burden, in 1838. Besides these, the pulpit was occa<- 
 jied during this time by Rev. Asa Niles (1829), Mr. Knight (1837), and others. 
 
bW HISTORY OF HAVEEHILI* 
 
 members of tLe Unirersalist Society."* There was not, however, a regu- 
 lar organization in the town, until March 17, 1823, when fifteen persons 
 met at the tavern of Asaph Kendall, " and organized themselves by choos- 
 ing Barnard Goodridge Moderator, & Thomas Meady Glerk & Treasurer." 
 The name adopted, was, " The First Universalist Society in Haverhill and 
 adjacent towns." 
 
 The first sermon before the new society, was preached by Kev. Mr. 
 Ballou, shortly after the organization, in the old Masonic (or Assembly) 
 Hall, which stood on the north side of Water Street, nearly opposite the 
 ferry-way. 
 
 Public services continued to be held in the above Hall, with but few 
 interruptions, until their new meeting-house on Summer Street was fin- 
 ished. The latter was erected in 1825, and dedicated April 12, 1826.f 
 
 February 28, 1826, Eev. Thomas G. Farnsworth, of Newton, received 
 an invitation to settle with the society as their pastor, which was accepted, 
 and he was installed April 11th of the same year. 
 
 The society was " taken into Fellowship " by the General Convention 
 of Universalists, in 1828, In 1829, "a stove and funnel and other appa- 
 ratus for warming the meeting house," was presented to the society by a 
 large number of individuals. The next year, " a large Base Vial " was 
 presented. A year still later, the present of a set of blinds for the win- 
 dows was also suitably acknowledged. In January, 1836, a fine bell was 
 presented to the society, by its members. 
 
 Mr. Farnsworth continued with the society until June, 1833, a period 
 of a little more than eight years. | On the 27th of the last named month, 
 thirty-seven members of the society were dismissed, " to become members 
 of the First Parish." For an explanation of this movement, we refer the 
 reader to our history of that parish. 
 
 At the close of the memorable strife for the parish funds, the seceding 
 members returned, bringing with them their share, as will be seen from 
 the following : -— 
 " To the Committee of the First Universalist Society in Haverhill- — 
 
 Gentlemen. The undersigned, a committee appointed by certain per- 
 sons, late members of the First Parish in Haverhill, have certain moneys 
 
 « Merrim.ack Intelligencer, March 9, 1811. 
 
 t The meeting-house was of brick, fifty-five feet long hy forty wide, and " with five arched windows- 
 each side." It was at first without a steeple. The latter was added about 1835. 
 
 X Mr. Farnsworth was afterward settled over the Universalist Society, in the West Parish. In 18-12^, 
 lie removed to New Bedford, where he was installed June 8th of the same year. He is now a resident cfi 
 WalthaiBk 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 59f 
 
 m their hands, which they are authorized to give to the First Univer»alist 
 Society in Haverhill, on the following conditions : — Said Universalist 
 Society are to receive all such persons of the late seceders from the First 
 Parish into said society as may signify their wish to do so : If the said 
 moneys are accepted by the said First Universalist Society, they are to 
 petition the Legislature for an act of incorporation, and appoint trustees 
 to manage the same : The income of said moneys to be expended for the 
 preaching of the Gospel as understood by the Denomination of Christians 
 called Universalists. 
 
 Jany 23, 1835. _ Signed Ira Noyes "^ Committee of the 
 
 E G Eaton > Seceders from 
 
 Andrew Johnson j the First Parish." 
 
 A meeting was held February 2d, and the money accepted. Trustees 
 Were chosen to manage the fund, and a petition forwarded for an act of 
 incorporation, which was granted. ■' 
 
 June 2, Eev. Thomas J. Greenwood was invited to settle with the 
 society. He accepted, but was released at his own request, August 15th. 
 
 In September, (2d) Eev. Otis A. Skinner, of Baltimore, received and 
 accepted a call to become their pastor. He commenced his labors Novem-' 
 ber 1st, and was installed over the society the following January (January 
 20, 1836).f Mr. Skinner labored with great faithfulness, and in the en- 
 joyment of the esteem of all who knew him, until December, 1836, when 
 the society reluctantly yielded to his request for a dismission, that he 
 ' might accept a pressing invitation to remove to a more important field of 
 labor. He was soon after installed over the Fifth Universalist Society in 
 Boston. 
 
 Mr. Skinner was succeeded by Eev. Mathew Hale Smith, who was in-* 
 stalled February 21, 1837. Mr. Smith continued with the society until 
 January 14, 1838, when he was dismissed, to accept a call to settle in 
 Salem, to which place he immediately removed. 
 
 During the ministry of Mr. Smith, a church was organized in connection 
 with the society. It was organized June 14th, and " publicly recognized,'* 
 June 25, 1837. The officers of the church are, a moderator, two deacons, 
 a clerk, and a treasurer. The pastor is ex-officio moderator. The dea- 
 cons, previous to 1857, were John Crowell, Samuel Johnson, John S. 
 Fuller. The number of admissions to the church during the same period 
 were forty^eight. 
 
 -' The Society was incorporated June 12, 1824. 
 
 t Rev. J. B. Morse was ordained to the ministry at the same time and place. 
 
698 HISTORY 01' HAVERHILL. 
 
 In March, 1838, Eev. Henry Bacon, of East Cambridge, received and 
 accepted an invitation to settle with the society, and was installed April 
 18th. March 31, 1840, Mr. Bacon was dismissed at his own request. 
 He was afterward settled in Philadelphia, where he died, in 1856. 
 
 After the dismissal of Mr. Bacon, the society was without a settled pas- 
 tor a little more than a year, during which time invitations were extended 
 to a Rev. Mr. Quimby, (July 12, 1840,) and Eev. J. Shrigley, (August 
 23, and again November 30, 1840) neither of which were accepted. 
 
 Eev. T. P. Abell, of Castine, Me., commenced preaching for the society 
 in March, 1841, and with such acceptance, that, April 4, he was invited' 
 to settle with them. He accepted, and was installed June 15, of the same 
 year. 
 
 Mr. Abell was succeeded, in 1844, by Eev. Massenah Goodrich, who 
 continued with the society from November, 1844, to April, 1849. 
 
 May 6th, 1849, Eev. L. B. Mason was invited to become the pastor of 
 the society. He accepted. May 20th, and was installed on the 30th of the 
 following October. 
 
 In July, 1853, Eev. Calvin Damon, of South Boston, was invited to 
 settle with the society, but declined. The following November, Eev. J. 
 E. Pomfret received a similar invitation, which was accepted. Mr. Pom- 
 fret continued to labor with them until December 31, 1854, when he was 
 dismissed, at his request. He immediately took charge of the society in 
 the West Parish, where he remained until 1858. He is now engaged in 
 the practice of medicine, in Albany, N. Y. 
 
 In 1853, the society purchased the Sheriff Bartlett estate, (where the 
 Exchange Building now stands) intending to erect a new church edifice on 
 that eligible site. But subsequently, the interest centered on the old 
 site, and, in 1854, the above property was sold to Dr. George Cogswell, 
 of Bradford, and the society proceeded to erect the present elegant church 
 on Summer Street. The new edifice was dedicated January 10, 1856. 
 
 In 1855, the call to Eev. Mr. Damon was renewed, and accepted. Mr. 
 Damon labored with general acceptance until October, 1857, when im- 
 paired health compelled him to seek a relaxation from pastoral labors, and 
 the society yielded to his request for a dismission. 
 
 January 2d, 1857, the church was re-organized, and its Articles of 
 Faith, Covenant, &c., revised. The following is its Confession of Faith : 
 
 " Articles of Faith. — 1. We believe in One Living said True God, 
 who is infinite in Wisdoin, Power, and Goodness, and in every jjossible 
 perfection. 2. We believe in One Lord Jesus Christ, who is the Son of 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 599 
 
 God, the promised Messiah, and the Savior of the World. 3. We believe 
 in the Scriptures of the Old and Neiv Testaments, as being a revelation 
 from God, as containing rules for the regulation of our conduct, in all the 
 relations and circumstances of life ; as declaring the character and gov- 
 ernment of God, the rewards of virtue, the punishment of vice, and also 
 revealing the great truth of the final reconciliation of all things to God, 
 80 that He, at last, shall be * All in All.' 1 Cor. 15, 18." 
 
 Since the re-organization, twenty-seven persons have signed the church 
 covenant and articles. 
 
 The successor of Mr. Damon, was Eev. William McNeil, who com- 
 menced his labors with the society early in 1859, and continued them 
 until January 1st, 1860, when he was dismissed at his own request. 
 
 Soon after the dismission of Mr. McNeil, a call was extended to Eev. 
 J. W. Hanson, who accepted, and entered upon the duties of the office in 
 November. Mr. Hanson is the present pastor of this church and society.-- 
 
 Centre Congregational Church. 
 
 This church and society had its origin in the controversy which arose in 
 the First Parish during the pastorship of Eev. Mr. Phelps. Soon 
 after the dismission of the latter, in November, 1832, most of the members 
 of the church, and others of the society, seceded, and united in the forma- 
 tion of an " Independent Congregational Society."f The first meeting 
 was held April 27, 1833, at which about one hundred persons were pre- 
 sent, and the new society was organized. The church was organized 
 August 28, 1833, with ninety members. Barnard Brickett and Samuel 
 Chase were chosen deacons, and on the same day Eev. Joseph Whittlesey, 
 of Connecticut, was installed their first pastor. 
 
 The new society worshiped for a time in the Summer Street Church, 
 then in the First Parish Church, and for a while in the 'Academy Hall, 
 The corner stone of their first meeting-house was laid June 28, 1834, and 
 
 o John Wesley Hanson was born in Boston, May 12, 1823. He was ordained to the ministry at Weut- 
 worth, N. H., in June, 1845, where he remained about one year, when he accepted a call as pastor of the 
 Birst Universalist Society in Danvers, Mass. In 1848, he removed to Norridgwock, Me., where he re- 
 mained two years, as pastor of the Universalist Society at that place. Two years later, he accepted a 
 call from the First Universalist Society in Gardiner, Me., where he remained until his removal to Haver- 
 hill. In addition to his pastoral labors, Mr. Hanson has been almost constantly engaged in other literary 
 pursuits. He is the author of a History of Danvers (1847), History of Norridgwock (1851), History 
 of Gardiner and Pittston (1853), and of several smaller works. From 1854 to 1860, he was edi- 
 tor of the Gospel Banner, a weekly paper, published at Augusta, Me. In 1856 he represented the city 
 of Gardiner in the State Legislature. 
 
 t In 1840 the name was changed to " Centre Congregational Society." 
 
600 niSTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 the edifice was dedicated on tlie 17tli of the December following. Its 
 cost was about $8,000. 
 
 In February, 1837, Mr. Whittlesey was dismissed at his own request. 
 During his pastorate fifty were added to the church. In 1836, Ezra C. 
 Ames was chosen deacon, in place of Deacon Brickett, deceased. 
 
 After the dismissal of Mr. Whittlesey, the society experienced consid- 
 erable difficulty in the selection of a successor. Among the candidates 
 was Eev. Job H. Martyn, who occupied the desk for several months. 
 When the council, called to consider the matter, finally decided that it 
 was inexpedient to settle Mr. Martyn as pastor of the society, sixteen 
 members of the church withdrew, and, with others, united in organizing 
 the Winter Street " Union Evangelical Church." Finally, a call was ex- 
 tended to Eev. Edward A. Lawrence, who accepted and was ordained and 
 installed May 4, 1839. 
 
 Mr. Lawrence labored with much acceptance and success until June 12, 
 1844, when he was dismissed at his own request. During his pastorate, 
 one hundred and twenty-one were added to the church.='= 
 
 The successor of Mr. Lawrence was Eev. Benjamin F. Horsford, who 
 was settled May 21, 1845, and has labored with great faithfulness and 
 success until the present time.f 
 
 In 1858, this church and society was again the theatre of intestine com- 
 motion. The trouble, which originated from a variety of influences, finally 
 culminated in the spring of 1859, in the withdrawal of nearly one hun- 
 dred members of the church, who immediately united in a new organiza- 
 tion, under the name of the " North Church." Soon after the withdrawal 
 of the above members, the parent society remodeled and enlarged their 
 house of worship, at an expense of about 11,000. The edifice was re- 
 dedicated January 27, 18G0. Large accessions have since been made to 
 the church and society, — many of them from the late Winter Street 
 society, — and, at the present time, it is abundantly blessed with peace 
 and prosperity. 
 
 * Mr. Lawrence was born in St- Johnsbury, Vt., October 7, 1808, graduated at Dartmouth College in 
 1834, and at Andover Theological Seminary in 1838. A few months after leaving Haverhill, he was set- 
 tled over the church in Marblehead, where he remained until Jul}', 1854, when he was elected Professor 
 of Ecclesiastical History and Pastoral Theology, in the Theological Seminary at East Windsor Hill, 
 Conn., to which place he removed. 
 
 t Mr. Horsford was born in Thetford, Vt , November 11, 1817 ; graduated at Dartmouth, 1838, and at 
 Andover Thelogical Seminary, in 1841. He was ordained at Haverhill May 21, 1845 
 
history of haveruill. col 
 
 Methodist Episcopal Church. 
 
 The earliest mention we find of tliis religious denomination in tlie town, 
 is in the records of the West Parish, and we learn from persons now living 
 that Methodism was established in the above parish many years before it 
 took root in the First Parish. = •= As near as we have been able to ascertain, 
 the first attempt to hold regular meetings in the village, was in 1830, 
 when such meetings were held every other Sabbath, for a period of six 
 months, in the old Masonic Hall, near the ferry-way. The next move- 
 ment of the kind originated with four individuals, — Osgood G. Boynton, 
 Moses M. Cha-se, Joseph T. George, and Mrs. , — who com- 
 menced meeting as a " class," in April, 1836, at the house of Mr. Boyn- 
 ton. Their success was such, that, in the following July, regular weekly 
 services were commenced in Academy Hall. For about a year their 
 preaching was furnished by itinerants, after which, they were regularly 
 supplied by the Conference. The church was regularly organized in the 
 spring of 1837, and continued to prosper until about 1842, at which time 
 it numbered about two hundred members. For various reasons — promi- 
 nent among which were the distractions attendant upon the " Miller 
 delusion," — the interest about this time began to decline rapidly. In the 
 fall of 1843, the place of meeting was removed from Academy Hall, to 
 the new hall in the rear of the old tavern of Eufus Slocomb, known as 
 Union Hall. At this place the meetings continued to be kept up for about 
 one year, when they were discontinued altogether. 
 
 The present church and society originated in the formation of a class 
 of fifteen to twenty members, August 18, 1851. They commenced holding 
 regular services in Atheneum Hall, February 14, 1852, with an audience 
 of forty persons. The following May, a Sabbath School was organized, 
 consisting of four oflicers and six scholars. March 3, 1854, the society 
 was legally organized, in conformity with the laws of the Commonwealth, 
 as " The First Methodist Society in Haverhill, Mass." The present ele- 
 gant church edifice on Winter Street was erected the same year, at a' cost 
 of about $10,000, and dedicated February 16, 1855. From that time to 
 the present, the society has continued to increase and prosper. 
 AViNTER Street Church. 
 This church, at first styled the " Union Evangelical Church, of Haver- 
 hill, Mass.,"! "^^^ organized in the spring of 1839. Its origin may be 
 
 ** It will be seen, by a reference to our history of the West Parish, that the Methodists held religious 
 services in the West Parish meeting-house as early as 1806. It is worthy of note that Universalism and 
 Methodism both made their first appearance in the town in the West Parish. 
 
 t The name was changed in May, 1853. 
 
 76 
 
602 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 principally traced to the differences, or divisions, which followed the un- 
 successful effort to settle Eev. Job H. Martyn over the Centre Congrega- 
 tional church and society. Soon after the final decision of the Ecclesiastical 
 Council, (in January, 1839,) that it was inexpedient to instal Mr. Martyn 
 over the last named church, he commenced preaching at the Academy 
 Hall, whither hiiS earnest manner, and popular style, drew large audiences. 
 A deep religious interest was soon awakened, which finally resulted in the 
 organization of a new church, of which he was at once the founder and 
 the first pastor. The following account of the formation of this church, 
 is mostly taken from the early records of the church itself. 
 
 " A number of brethren, members of the Congregational and Baptist 
 churches of Haverhill, feeling that the interests of the cause of Christ 
 required the organization of a new church in this place, met, at the house 
 of brother Joseph Johnson, on Thursday, May 2d, for consultation upon 
 the subject. After a season of prayer, and a free and protracted discus- 
 sion of the subject, it was unanimously 
 
 Resolved, That in the judgment of this meeting, the interests of the 
 cause of Christ demand the organization of a new church in this village." 
 
 One week later, an adjourned meeting was held at the same place, when 
 " A Confession of Faith, and Form of Covenant, together with several 
 fundamental principles of Congregational Church Government were 
 brought forward by the Moderator, the Eev. J. H. Martyn ; & after exami- 
 nation and discussion, with a few alterations, were approved and adopted." 
 
 The meeting then adjourned to Wednesday, the 16th inst., at which 
 time " The brethren and sisters who were to compose the new church, 
 assembled, at 9 oclk A M, at the house of brother Joseph Johnson, and 
 spent the forenoon in prayer, for the blessing of God upon their enterprise. 
 At this time most of them subscribed the Confession of Faith. At 2 oclk 
 P. M., public services were held at the Academy Hall. The Eev. J. H. 
 Martyn preached a sermon on the nature and powers of a church." 
 
 After the sermon, twenty-eight individuals," " having previously ob- 
 tained letters of dismissal from the several churches of which they were 
 members, for the purpose, proceeded to organize themselves into a church." 
 (The record here gives the names of the persons, and then proceeds.) 
 
 " The principles of Church Government, the Confession of Faith, the 
 Fence to the Communion, and the questions for self-examination, were 
 read and publicly adopted. '■■' ■■-• '■■' '-' The Church then proceeded 
 
 * Eleven males and seventeen females. Three of them were received "on Confession of Faith." 
 
UISTORY OF nAVERHILL. 603 
 
 to tte clioicc of officers ; who were chosen by ballot. The Eev. J. H. 
 Martyn was choscu Pastor, and Dea Tappan Chase, and Edward E Dike, 
 were chosen Deacons. "=•' 
 
 May 19 th, the new church commenced holding their regular meetings 
 in the school-house near the foot of High Street. One week later, thirty- 
 one persons (twenty-one of them males) were received to membership in 
 the church, by profession. Twenty-one of them were baptized the same 
 day, by immersion, and six by sprinkling. The other four had received 
 baptism in infancy. The sacrament of the Lord's Supper was adminis- 
 tered to the church on the above occasion, for the first time. 
 
 As the new church was not organized by a council, according to the 
 eustom of Congregational churches, some of the neighboring churches 
 refused to recognize it as regular, and declined granting letters of recom- 
 mendation to those who desired to join it. This did not, however, pre- 
 vent the new church from receiving such persons. They were " received 
 on Confession." 
 
 Within a month from the first meeting to organize the church, a lot of 
 land was purchased, and the erection of a meeting-house commenced. The 
 site selected, was that on which the church now stands — on the north 
 side of Winter Street, corner of Franklin Street. So rapidly was the 
 work pushed forward, that services were held in the new house July 28th, 
 — only fifteen days after the frame was raised. Temporary seats were put 
 up while the house was being finished. 
 
 The Society was regularly organized August 10, 1839, by virtue of a 
 warrant from Charles White, Esq., on the petition of Ezekiel Hale, Jr., 
 and nineteen others. 
 
 The pews of the new house were completed in the following March, when 
 they were appraised, and rented. The rents were payable monthly. This 
 plan of raising money for the support of the gospel, continued in opera- 
 tion until the house was remodeled, during the ministry of Mr. Comings, 
 when the pews were appraised and sold, and the more common plan of 
 raising money by annual subscription, was adopted. 
 
 The whole number admitted to membership in the church, during the 
 first year of its existence, was one hundred and seventeen, sixty-six of 
 whom were admitted by profession. 
 
 * June 16, Benj. Emerson, 2d, was also chosen deacon. In January, 1846, Alfred Gage was chosen, in 
 place of Edward R. Dike, resigned. In 1857, Joseph B. Spiller was chosen, vice Tappan Chase, deceased. 
 The latter was one of the most active and prominent of the first members of this church and society. 
 Says one who knew him well : " Dea. Chase was a rare man. He was a safe counsellor, and an efficient 
 •actor. He was ever in his place. The church lost in him a most valuable member." 
 
604 HISTORY or HATEllHILl, * 
 
 May 3d, 1841, Eer. Mr. Martyn was dismissed, at his own request,- 
 after having labored as the pastor of the church for two years. The whole 
 number admitted during his pastorship, was one hundred and twenty, all 
 but three of whom were admitted during the first year. Mr. Martyn im- 
 mediately removed to New York, and was soon after settled over the 
 Second Congregational Society of that city. He has since left the work, 
 of the ministry, and engaged in the practice of medicine. He is now a 
 resident of New Bedford. 
 
 On the 23d of May, 1841, an invitation was extended to Eev. Charles 
 Fitch to become the pastor of the church. He accepted, and entered upon 
 his charge soon after. His salary was $700. Mr. Fitch continued with 
 the church but one year, when he was succeeded by Eev. George W. Fin- 
 ney. He had recently adopted the views of the somewhat celebrated 
 William Miller, concerning the second coming of Christ. He preached 
 his farewell discourse to the society May 8, 1 842, and his successor com- 
 menced his labors on the 12th of the following month.''' 
 
 Eev. Mr. Finney labored with faithfulness and success for two years. 
 He was an early and zealous supporter of the Washingtouian movement, 
 and his labors in that direction were not without efi'ect. After his release 
 from the pastorship of this church, he was for several years employed by 
 the State Temperance Society as its Agent, in which capacity he travelled 
 somewhat extensively. He is now a resident of California. 
 
 It was during the pastorship of Eev. Mr. Finney, that the extraordinary 
 religious excitement occurred, of which ■^^e have already made mention. 
 In this remarkable delusion, many of the members x)f this church became 
 participants, and it was nearly ten years before the church recovered from 
 the disastrous shock. Some idea of its extent, may be judged from the 
 fact that, in 1845, ten members of the church were excommunicated, and 
 nine others stricken from the roll. These were " those who went off horn 
 this church during the excitement of '43 and '44, called the Miller ex- 
 citement." From March, 1843, to May, 1853, we fi.nd no society records ; 
 and from a petition dated May Gth, of the latter year, we learn that, "for 
 the want of officers, the society were unable to assemble in the usual man- 
 ner," and it was therefore organized anew. 
 
 The successor of Eev. Mr. Finney, was the Eev. D. N. Merritt, who' 
 commenced his labors with the church January 1, 1844. He received an 
 invitation to settle, in January, 1846, which was accepted in the March 
 
 <» Mr. Bitcb died in Cleveland, Ohio, soon after. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. G05 
 
 following, and he was installed in April. ]\Ir. Merritt remained pastor of 
 the church until July 10, 1848, when he resigned.* 
 
 In the November following, Eev. E. J. Comings received a call to settle 
 as pastor of the church. He accepted, and entered upon his duties Decem- 
 ber 5, 1848. His salary was $400. He served as pastor until April 25, 
 1852, when he was dismissed, at his own request. He soon after went to 
 Ohio, and subsequently to Vermont, where he still resides. 
 
 April 28, 1850, (during the pastorship of Eev. Mr. Comings) the 
 church unanimously voted to invite an ecclesiastical council, to consider 
 the subject of receiving the church into fellowship with the other churches. 
 The council met May 7th, and, after due deliberation, resolved to recog- 
 nize the church, and receive them into fellowship, provided they would 
 " adopt the Congregational platform as the basis of their ecclesiastical 
 order." May 10th, the church unanimously agreed to the terms, and on 
 the 15th of the same month, it was publicly recognized and received into 
 fellowship, as proposed. 
 
 The total number of recorded admissions to the church, from the close 
 of its first year to January 1, 1853, is forty. We find no record of 
 admissions from 1852 to December 1858, though it is certain there were 
 admissions during that period. 
 
 March 16, 1853, Eev. Leonard S. Parker was unanimously called to the 
 pastorate of this church. He was installed June 1st of the same year. 
 His salary was S800. Under his ministry there was a steady and healthy 
 growth of the church and society, the former nearly trebling in numbers, 
 and the latter increasing in proportion. The Sabbath school became one 
 of the largest in town, including many children whose parents attended 
 public worship nowhere. In 1854, several members of the church united 
 in building a house to be occupied as a parsonage. In 1856, a fine organ 
 was placed in the church at an expense of $1,000. In 1858, the congre- 
 gation had increased to such an extent, that the house of worship was 
 enlarged by the addition of twenty pews. At the same time a large and 
 convenient vestry was built in the basement, and other extensive improve- 
 ments made in and about the edifice. The whole cost of these changes fell 
 a little short of $3,000. The same year the pastor's salary was increased 
 to $1,000. The foi-mation of the North Congregational Church led to the 
 inquiry whether it was best for the cause of Christ to have three churches 
 of the same order in the village, especially as the religious wants of the 
 community were largely met by the new churches of other denominations. 
 The unhappy revival of a family feud soon after, which found its way into 
 
 ■* In 1853, he was deposed from the ministry, for gross iiumorality. 
 
606 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 the church, and resisted its utmost efforts to settle it, although aided by the 
 unanimous decision of two councils, and in August, 1859, issued in 
 the secession of thirty-four persons from the church, strengthened the opin- 
 ion of some, that the disbandment of this church might be a christian 
 duty. After many meetings for conference and prayer in reference to the 
 subject, and taking the advice of the neighboring pastors and churches, 
 the conclusion was reached to unite with the other churches in town. 
 Kev. Mr. Parker accordingly resigned his charge, and was dismissed by an 
 ecclesiastical council March 26, 1860, and a few months later was installed 
 as the pastor of the First Church and Parish in Derry, N. H. The church 
 having previously granted letters to many of its members, on the 25th of 
 June, 1860, voted letters to all the remaining members in regular stand- 
 ing, and then voted to disband. The church edifice was soon after sold 
 to the Free-will Baptist Society for $11,000, including the organ. 
 
 Though this church existed but twenty-one years, and passed through 
 severe trials, yet its usefulness was marked, especially during a part of its 
 history. The stranger was ever welcomed ; and the young were particu- 
 larly cared for. Probably no society in town has been sustained by more 
 cheerful, generous, and self-denying benefactions. Many of its former 
 members are now adding to the strength and usefulness of other churches, 
 while some have joined the church in heaven. 
 
 The Tabernacle Church. 
 
 When Eev. Henry Plummer left the Christian Union Society, in 1843, 
 he was accompanied by a number of the principal members of that church, 
 among whom were the two deacons, — Deacons John Morse and David 
 Evans. These were joined by others,'-' who believed with them that the 
 second coming of Christ was then near at hand, and immediately after, a 
 temporary building was erected by them for worshipping purposes, in the 
 rear of Essex Street, near the freight depot of the Boston & Maine Eailroad 
 Company, which was known as " The Tabernacle." They temporarily 
 organized by the choice of Mr. Plummer as pastor, and the above named 
 Morse and Evans as deacons. 
 
 In 1852, the Tabernacle building was removed, and the present larger 
 and more permanent building was erected in its place. The new chapel 
 was dedicated January 27, 1853. 
 
 Mr. Plummer remained as pastor of the society until 1855, when he 
 resigned his charge, and entered upon a new field of labor — that of an 
 Evangelist. In 1858, the Tabernacle building was sold at public auction, 
 
 " Principally from the Winter Street Church. 
 
r^^ ^<r^ 
 
 ^^ 
 
 '^>>«-.^' 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 607 
 
 and was purchased by Mr. Plummer, who immediately re-commenced 
 holding regular services in it, at the solicitation of some ten or twelve 
 families of his former charge, and has so continued from that time to the 
 present. 
 
 The church and society worshipping in the Tabernacle, at the time of the 
 transfer of the property, in 1858, immediately removed to the Atheneum 
 Hall, where they have continued to hold meetings, a part of the time only, 
 until the present time. 
 
 Eev. Henry Plummer, the founder of the Tabernacle church and society, 
 and for so long a time its spiritual leader, is a native of this town, where 
 he was born February 22, 1794. At an early age he learned the trade of 
 a baker, and in 1823 established himself in that business in this town. 
 He was engaged in this business at the time of his ordination to the 
 ministry, and for some time subsequently, when he was appointed Agent 
 of the Haverhill & Boston Stage Company, and relinquished the former 
 business. In 1831, he removed to Philadelphia, and engaged in the shoe 
 business, with his brothers. He also preached in that vicinity regularly 
 upon the Sabbath. While in Philadelj)hia, he was frequently urged to 
 return and take charge of his former church, and finally consented, after 
 being absent about a year. Upon his return, the chapel was enlarged, of 
 which we have already given an account. 
 
 It is worthy of note, that Mr, Plummer has never received a regular 
 salary as pastor. From his ordination, in 1826, to his removal, in 1831, 
 his pastoral labors were entirely gratuitous, unless we except an occasional 
 individual donation. He was induced to return to his former charge in 
 1832, by assurances of an adequate support, and from that time to the 
 present he has labored faithfully and constantly in his chosen field, relying 
 upon the free-will ofierings of his church and people. He believes that 
 " the gospel should be free," and that its preaching should never be made 
 a matter of bargaining; and for nearly forty years he has applied the 
 principle to his daily practice. Mr. Plummer is a man of more than 
 ordinary ability, perseverance, and consistency ; and whether we regard 
 him as a preacher of the gospel, or as a neighbor and a citizen, he has 
 always commanded the respect, the confidence, and the love of all. 
 
 St. Gtregory's Church. 
 
 The first time that religious services were held in the town, upon the 
 Sabbath, according to the forms of the Pioman Catholic Church, was 
 the second Sabbath in September, 1850. Previous to this time, the town 
 had been occasionally visited by the officiating priest at Lawrence, who 
 
608 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 had several times held religious services with the people of that faith, upon 
 a week-day. On the 10th of August, 1850, Eev. John T. McDonnell, a 
 native of Galway, Ireland, arrived in Boston, and was immediately sent to 
 Haverhill, for the purpose of establishing a church at this place. ■■■' On the 
 second Sunday in September, mass was performed for the first time. A 
 few days later, the foundations for a church edifice were laid, and on the 
 4th of July, 1852, the new church was appropriately dedicated. A commo- 
 dious house for the priest was also erected immediately adjoining the 
 church. In 1859 the church edifice was considerably enlarged, to make 
 room for the increasing congregation. Soon after the completion of the 
 above improvements, a school for Catholic children was opened in the 
 vestry of the church, by Mr. Francis J. Nichols, which is still in a flourish- 
 ing condition. 
 
 Trinity Church. 
 
 The following account of the early history of this church, is principally 
 taken from a pamphlet entitled "An Historical Sketch of the Church 
 Missionary Association of the Eastern District of the Diocese of Massachu- 
 setts," by Rev. Wm. S. Perry, Boston, 1859:— 
 
 Toward the close of the year 1853, a renewed missionary spirit seems 
 to have pervaded the Association, A committee appointed at the forty- 
 third meeting, held at St. Stephen's, Lynn, July 19th and 20th, of that 
 year, to address the Diocesan Board with reference to the appointment of 
 an itinerant missionary for the Eastern district, and to devise means for 
 his support, reported at a subsequent meeting the favorable answer of the 
 Secretary of the Board, and an assessment on the parishes of the district 
 for the amount of eight hundred dollars. In view of this response, and 
 the circumstances of the town of Haverhill, a committee was appointed to 
 visit this place, and to hold services there if deemed expedient. This was 
 the beginning of another and a most flourishing parish. 
 
 Forming, as it did, the residence of the Eev. Moses Badger, M, A., 
 itinerant missionary of the venerable society for the Propagation of the 
 Grospel in New Hampshire and parts adjacent, from the years 1767 to 1774, 
 it can hardly be supposed that one so efficient ift ferreting out, in towns 
 and hamlets, the scattering churchmen of his cure, should not have occa- 
 sionally held services in Haverhill, the home of his family and his 
 connections by marriage. In confirmation of this supposition, we may refer 
 to casual allusions in the "Frontier Missionary," to exchanges between 
 
 ° Eev. Mr. McDonnell was born May 20, 1822. He was educated principally at Rome, and came to 
 America soon after the completion of his studies. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 609 
 
 tLc Rev. Jacob Bailey, of Maine, and Mr. Badger, whicli strengtlien the 
 inference that the services of the church were, from time to time, held at 
 Haverhill. Be this as it may, the Eev. Eana Cossit, who was licensed by 
 the Bishop of London to officiate in New England, March 27th, 177-3, 
 and who seems to have shared to a certain extent the itineracy of Mr. 
 Badger, is expressly registered in the records at Fulham as incumbent of 
 " Haverhill parish."-'- 
 
 From this time until about the year 1820, but few services appear to 
 have been held in this immediate vicinity, f At this date, an effort was 
 made to introduce the church in Haverhill, and services were celebrated in 
 a hall for nearly six months, with a regular attendance of about sixty 
 persons, embracing some of the most intelligent and influential men of the 
 town. The pulpit was supplied by the Eev. Drs. "Wainwright and Eaton, 
 of Boston, Morss, of Newburyport, and others, and in their absence, the 
 services were conducted and sermons read by Mr. Hovey, a devoted church- 
 man of the place, and a young lawyer, the present Hon. J. H. Duncan„ 
 Soon after, Mr. Hovey was removed by death, and, for want of ability to 
 secure the services of a resident clergyman, the effort was discontinued. 
 
 Occasional services were, however, held from 1833 to 1835, mainly 
 through the personal exertions of A. W. Thayer, Esq., now of Northampton, 
 Mass. The Eev. James Cook Eichmond, at that time in deacon's orders, 
 officiated several times, in the Baptist meeting-house, during the winter of 
 1838 and the following summer. On Sunday, March 1st, 1835, the Et. 
 Eev. Alexander V. Griswold, D. D., Bishop of the Eastern Diocese, 
 preached three times to large and attentive congregations, in one of the 
 meeting-houses of the town. 
 
 Early in the month of June, 1855, Charles Wingate,| a parishioner of 
 St. Peter's, Philadelphia, removed from that city to Haverhill, his native 
 town. Anxious to extend to his relatives and friends the privilege of the 
 church of his love, he at once began his efforts by opening, oil the 1 7th of 
 the same month, as a preparatory step, a Sunday school in a neighboring 
 school-house. A correspondence with the Eector of Christ Church, Boston, 
 requesting a supply of Testaments for the little school, revealed, inci- 
 dentally, to Mr. "Wingate, the fact that another gentleman in that vicinity, 
 
 ° See p.-.ge 378. 
 
 t We find, in the Merrimack Intelligencer of August 20, 1814, the following: — "The Rev. Asa Eaton, 
 Rector of Christ Church, Boston, is expected to preach to the Episcopal Society in this town, tomorrow." 
 This is, we believe, the only reference of the kind we have noticed in an examination of a nearly complete 
 file of Haverhill newspapers from 1793 to 1816.— G. W. C. 
 
 X Mr. Wingate is a son of Moses Wingate,- Esq., and is now Rector of a flourishing church in New- 
 port, R. I. 
 
 77 
 
610 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 Mr. B. E. Downes, of Bradford, was a churcliman. An interview with 
 Mr. Downes resulted in the securing of the Unitarian meeting-house for 
 July 22d ; on which occasion the Rev. Dr. Packard of Lawrence officiated 
 morning, afternoon, and evening, to large and interested congregations. 
 So great an interest was excited, that a vigorous effort for the introduction 
 of the church in this important town was resolved upon. In view of the 
 pressing need of immediate action, the Eev. Thomas F. Fales, of Waltham, 
 wrote at once to the Eev. W. Colvin Brown, at that time connected with 
 the diocese of Missouri, inviting him in behalf of the Association, to take 
 charge of the new movement, and offering to he personally responsible for 
 his salary until his appointment was confirmed. Mr. Brown, accepted this 
 invitation, reached Haverhill oft the 11th of August, and the following 
 day held the first regular service of the new enterprize in the chapel of the • 
 Centre Congregational Society. Beginning with a congregation of from 
 twenty to thirty at the morning service, and a fuller attendance at evening 
 prayer, the increase was steady and promising. The Association at their 
 next meeting approved the course of Mr. Fales, and immediately undertook 
 the whole support of Mr. Brown. On the 8th of October, 1855, a parish 
 was organized by the name of Trinity Church, and the Eev. Mr. Brown 
 invited to the rectorship. Pledges to the amount of $2,000 for church- 
 building purposes were immediately secured in the town, which were con- 
 siderably increased in Lowell, and subsequently in Boston ; and so speedy 
 was the success of this new movement, that on the 15 th of the following 
 May, the Bishop of the diocese laid the corner stone of a neat and beautiful 
 building, which, on the 7th of January, 1857, was consecrated by him to 
 the worship of Almighty God. The consecration of this new church, 
 costing, with the ground, $6,500, of which amount $4,800 was raised in 
 Haverhill, and the remainder contributed by friends in Boston, Lowell, 
 Waltham, Andover, and Lawrence, was rendered doubly pleasant to the 
 parishoners by the meeting at the same time of the Church Missionary 
 Association of the Eastern District, to whose willing help this rewarding 
 result was mainly due. 
 
 Eev. Mr. Brown remained with this church until June, 1858, when he 
 accepted the Eectorship of Zion Church, Newport, E. I., where he still 
 resides. In October of the same year. Rev. Charles H. Seymour commenced 
 his labors with this church, under whose care it has steadily continued to 
 increase and prosper. The number of church members at the present time 
 is about seventy. 
 
 Mr. Seymour is a native of Watertown, Conn., where he was born May 
 15, 1829. He graduated at Trinity College, Hartford, in 1851 ; was 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 611 
 
 admitted to Deacon's orders in 1855, and Priest's orders in 1859. In 
 1850, (continuing his college studies in the meantime) lie became connected 
 with the Military school, at Hamden, as instructor, where he remained 
 about three years, when he established a similar school at "West Hartford, 
 under the name of " St. James' School." In 1854 he disposed of his 
 interest in this school, and soon after opened another upon the same 
 general plan, at Litchfield, in the same State, under the name of the 
 " Wolcott Institute." Both of these schools are still in successful opera- 
 tion. In 1855 he was elected Principal of the " Punchard Free School, " 
 at Andover, Mass., to which place he immediately removed, and where he 
 remained until called to take charge of the above church, in 1858. 
 
 The Third Baptist Church. 
 
 The flattering and almost unexampled prosperity of the First Baptist 
 Society in the years immediately preceding 1858, led to the consideration 
 of the question whether it was best to provide adequate worshiping accom- 
 modations for the large and rapidly increasing number of applicants, by 
 an enlargement of the already capacious church edifice, or by the organiza- 
 tion of a new society. After much consideration, the latter course was 
 decided upon, and thirty members of the church withdrew for that purpose, 
 and commenced holding religious services in the Town Hall, on Sunday, 
 December 12, 1858, under the direction of Eev. Benjamin Wheeler. 
 Early in the following February, the new church was regularly organized. 
 They continued to worship in the above named hall until January, 1861, 
 when they removed to the new building on Winter Street, near Spring 
 Street, known as Music Hall, and which had been erected by some of the 
 members of the society, partly for that purpose. The present number of 
 church members is about one hundred and twenty. 
 
 Eev. Benj. Wheeler, the pastor of this church and society, is a native of 
 Salem, N. H., where he was born March 14, 1807. He fitted for the 
 ministry principally at New Hampton, N. H., and was ordained as first 
 pastor of the First Baptist Society in Plaistow, N. H., in November, 1836. 
 With this society, the fruit of his first, earnest, and well-directed 
 ministerial labor, he remained until April, 1852, when he accepted an 
 invitation to a larger field of labor, and was settled over the First Baptist 
 Society in Eandolph, Mass. In 1858, impaired health induced him to 
 resign his position as pastor of the above church, and accept the charge of 
 the proposed new society in Haverhill. He came to this town in Decem- 
 ber, 1858, immediately entered upon the work, and was installed as its 
 first pastor, at the organization of the new church, in February, 1859. 
 
612 history op haverhill, 
 
 The North Church. 
 
 The Kortli Congregational Society was organized March 1, 1859, and 
 the Church was constituted on the 30th of the same month. This Church 
 had its origin in the differences which convulsed the Centre Church and 
 Society in the year preceding, and, with a few exceptions, was at first com- 
 posed of members of the latter, who had been regularly dismissed for that 
 purpose. April 12th, a call was extended to Rev. B. F. Horsford, to become 
 the pastor of the new church, which was declined. Soon after, an eligible 
 lot of land was purchased, situated on the sovith-east corner of Maine and ' 
 White Streets, and July 20th the cornier stone of a new church edifice was 
 laid, with appropriate ceremonies. July 28th a call was extended to Eev,- 
 Alonzo U. Quint, of Jamaica Plain, which was also declined. 
 
 The new church edifice was completed the following winter, and was 
 ■dedicated February 21, 1860. The cost, including the organ, was within 
 a fraction of $30,000. The number of pews is one hundred and thirty-two, 
 ninety -three of which were sold for a total of $22,500. From the organi- 
 zation of the church, until their new place of worship was ready for 
 occupancy, regular services were held in the First Parish Church. 
 
 June 4, 1860, a call was extended to Eev. E. H. Seeley, which was 
 accepted, and he was installed August 8th of the same year. 
 
 Eev. Eaymond H. Seeley, is a native of Norwalk, Conn. He graduated 
 at the New York City University, in 1839, and at the Union Theological 
 Seminary, New York city, in 1842, and was ordained as pastor of the 
 Congregational Church in Bristol, Conn., July 5, 1843. In March, 1849, 
 he was called to the pastorship of the North Church in Springfield, Mass., 
 where he remained until February, 1858, when he was selected to take 
 charge of the American Chapel, in Paris. He remained in Paris until 
 November, 1859, when he returned to Springfield, from which place he 
 removed to Haverhill, in August, 1860. 
 
 Free-will Baptist Church. 
 
 This society originated in 1858, when a number of persons in Haverhill 
 and Bradford, believing in the principles of faith as laid down in the order 
 of the Free-will Baptist denomination, commenced holding regular meetings 
 in the Atheneum Hall, on Main Street. The first services were held June 
 27th, by Eev. AVilliam C. Clark. Soon after, a lot of land was purchased 
 on the east side of AYhite Street, near Winter Street, and a vestry, capable 
 of accommodating two hundred persons, was immediately erected on the 
 rear of the lot. The building was dedicated January 6, 1859, at which 
 
HISTORY OP UAVERHILL. C13 
 
 time a cturch was regularly organized. The latter consisted of twenty* 
 three members. 
 
 Soon after the organization of the church, a difficulty arose among its 
 members, which finally, December 10, 1859, resulted in a division of the 
 church, — or, rather, the secession of a part of its members, including its 
 pastor. A few months later, (April, I860,) the original society purchased 
 the church edifice of the Winter Street Congregational Society, then 
 recently disbanded, at a cost of $11,000, and immediately removed to that 
 place. 
 
 A call was soon after extended to Eev. Joseph S. Burgess, then of 
 Lewiston, Me., which was accepted, and he was regularly settled over the 
 church and society in the following October. 
 
 Eandall Church. 
 
 This church and society had its origin in the schism which took place in 
 the Free-will Baptist Church, in 1859, and was originally composed of the 
 members who seceded from that church, December 10, 1859. Soon after 
 the above division, the seceders commenced holding meetings in a hall 
 finished for that purpose in the house of their pastor, Eev. Mr. Clark, on 
 Duston Street. On the 13th of April, 1860, the hall was formally dedi- 
 cated, and a church regularly organized by a council, under the name* 
 of the " Eandall Church." * The latter now numbers fifty-four members. 
 Though organized by a council, the church as yet stands as an " indepen- 
 dent" church, not having applied for admission to the fellowship of the 
 other churches of the denomination. 
 
 Eev. Wm. C. Clark, the pastor, is a native of Middleborough, Mass., 
 where he was born, September 13, 1817. He prepared for the ministry 
 principally at Holliston Wesleyan Academy, and was ordained at Lowell, 
 in 1846, by the N. E. Wesleyan Methodist Conference, as pastor of the 
 church at Leicester, Mass. In 1848 he removed to Duxbury, where he 
 remained as pastor of a similar church, until 1850, when he accepted a call 
 from the church in Eockport, Mass., where he remained one year, when he 
 removed to Exeter, N. H. He continued with the church in Exeter until 
 1855, when he removed to Elliot, }§e. Two years later, he removed to 
 Hampton, where he resided until called to take charge of the new movement 
 in this town, in 1858. 
 
 Free Evangelical Church. 
 
 In May, 1858, a new religious society was organized in the Central 
 Tillage, under the name of the Free Evangelical Church. Eev. Charles H. 
 
 c The church is named for Benjamin Randall, the founder of the Free-wiU Baptist denomination in 1780. 
 
14 HISTORY OF nAVERHILli. 
 
 Cole, (who had been for some time employed as a missionary in the town,) 
 was chosen pastor. The object of the organization of this society, was, to 
 provide a free meeting for all who could not, or did not choose to attend 
 any other church. Sustained by the contributions of the public generally, 
 it was for a time successful in accomplishing its object. The attendance 
 was quite large, — many being induced to attend who had long been 
 strangers in a religious meeting, — and the interesting Sabbath school 
 connected with the society was the means of exerting an extensive and 
 favorable influence over large numbers, who otherwise would not have been 
 reached. Owing to a variety of causes, prominent among which may be 
 mentioned the formation of several other new churches, and the extensive 
 increase of worshipping accommodations, this society failed to receive 
 sufficient support, and, after an existence of about two years, the organiza- 
 tion was abandoned. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 615 
 
 CHAPTEK XXX. 
 
 BIOGRAPHY AND GENEALOGY. 
 
 Ayer, John, Salisbury, 1640, had Hannah, bom 21st December, 1644, 
 removed to Ipswich 1646, Haverhill 1647, there died 31st March, 1657. 
 (See page 73). John, Haverhill, son of the preceding, born in England, 
 married 5th May, 1646, Sarah, daughter of John Williams of the same, 
 and next, after 1659, Susanna, daughter of Mark Symonds, of Ipswich, 
 and removed to Brookfield as one of its first settlers, there killed by the 
 Indians when they destroyed the town, 3d August, 1675. He kept the 
 inn, and his children were (besides Sarah) Samuel, John, Thomas, Joseph, 
 Mark, Nathaniel, and Edward, of whom some lived at Brookfield after its 
 renovation. Another John, perhaps a son, perhaps a nephew of the pre- 
 ceding, was of Ipswich, lately from Haverhill, in 1679, and had a wife 
 Mary. Peter, of Haverhill, 1646, youngest son probably of the first 
 John, married 8th October, 1659, Hannah, daughter of William Allen, 
 was freeman in 1666, a representative in 1683-5-9, and 90, and died at 
 Boston 3d January, 1699, aged about 66. Robert, of Haverhill, brother 
 of the preceding, freeman 1666, married in 1659, Elizabeth, daughter of 
 Henry Palmer, of the same, and had Samuel. Samuel, of Haverhill, son 
 of Eobert, freeman, 1683, married Elizabeth, daughter of Simon Tuttle, 
 had Obadiah, (Harvard College, 1710,) John, and James; was selectman 
 and killed by the French and Indians when they surprised the town in 
 August, 1708. Thomas, of Haverhill, 1646, was probably son of John 
 the first, and may have removed to Newbury, there had John, bom May 
 12, 1657, and was freeman 1666. '■■' 
 
 Badger, Gen. Joseph, was the eldest child of Joseph Badger, a mer- 
 chant of Haverhill, where he was born January 11, 1722. His mother, 
 Hannah, was a daughter of Colonel Nathaniel Peaslee, one of the wealthi- 
 est and most influential men of this town. 
 
 The first person of that name in this vicinity, was Giles Badger, who 
 settled in Newbury, Mass., 1643, and died July 17, 1647. His son, John 
 Badger, born June 30, 1643, by his first wife, Elizabeth, had John, died 
 in infancy; John, bom April 26, 1665 ; Sarah, and James. Mrs. Badger 
 
 * The above is from Savage's Ilist. and Gm. Diet. 
 
616 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 died April 8, 1669. He married, for his second wife, Hannah Swett, 
 February 23, 1671, by whom he had Stephen, Hannah, Nathaniel, Mary, 
 Elizabeth, Euth, Joseph, Daniel, Abigail, and Lydia. John Badger died 
 March 31, 1691, of the small pox, and his wife soon after, of the same 
 disease. John Badger, Jr., a merchant in Newbury, married Eebecca 
 Brown, October 5, 1691, and had John, James, Elizabeth, Stephen, Joseph, 
 (born 1698) Benjamin, Dorothy. Joseph Badger, son of John, Jr., was 
 the above mentioned merchant of Haverhill, and the father of seven chil- 
 dren, Joseph, Judith, Mehctable, Mary^ Nathaniel, Mary, and Peaslee. 
 Only two of them lived to settle in life, viz. : Joseph and Judith. Mrs. 
 Badger died January 15, 1734. July 29, 1735, he married for his second 
 wife, Hannah, the widow of Ebenezer Pearson, whose maiden name was 
 Moody. She had by her first husband, six children, Hannah, Moody, 
 Euth, Ebenezer, Thomas, and Samuel. By her second husband, Mr. Bad- 
 ger, she had three, Enoch, Nathaniel, and Moses. Moses married a 
 daughter of Judge Saltonstall, and settled as an Episcopal minister in 
 Providence, E. I. Enoch moved to Gilmanton, N. H., and died in San- 
 down. Mr. Badger died April 7, 1760, aged 62. 
 
 Gen. Joseph Badger, son of Joseph, the merchant, married Hannah 
 Pearson, daughter of his father's second wife, by a former husband, Janu- 
 ary 31, 1740.=-'= Their children were William, Hannah, Mehetable, 
 Joseph,! Eebecca, Euth, Peaslee, Ebenezer, Mary and Nathaniel (twins), 
 Sarah, and Judith. Gen. Badger, (then Capt.) went to Gilmanton, N. H., 
 then a new settlement, in the spring of 1763, sowed and planted his land, 
 and removed his family in the July following. His was the eighteenth 
 family in the new settlement, and at the raising of his barn that season, 
 (the first framed building erected in the town,) he had, as he often after- 
 ward related, every man, woman, and child, to take supper with him.| 
 Before removing to Gilmanton, he lived in Haverhill and Bradford. 
 
 Gen. Badger, while a youth, served in the militia in the capacity, suc- 
 cessively, of Ensign, Lieutenant, and Captain. He was frequently a 
 selectman of the town, and moderator of its meetings. He was appointed, 
 at the age of twenty-three, a Deputy Sheriff for the County of Essex, 
 which office he held until he removed from Massachusetts to New Hamp- 
 
 ° His only sister, Judith, married at the same time Nathaniel Cogswell, a merchant of Haverhill, by 
 whom she had nineteen children. 
 
 t Afterward known as the Hon. Joseph Badger, and the father of Hon. Wm. Badger, late Governor 
 of New Hampshire. 
 
 t Mr. Badger hecame a proprietor in the new town by purchasing shares that were forfeited and sold 
 at auction. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 617 
 
 stire, in 1763. He was tbe first magistrate in the place, and his commis- 
 sion as Justice of the Peace, was renewed in 1768. He also officiated in 
 various offices in the town. In July, 1771, he was appointed Colonel of 
 the Tenth Eegiment. 
 
 In the time of the Eevolutiou, Col. Badger was an active and efficient 
 officer. He was muster-master of the troops raised in his section of the 
 State, and was employed in furnishing supplies for the army. He was a 
 member of the Provincial Congress, and also of the Convention which 
 adopted the Constitution. 
 
 In 1784, he received the commission of Justice of the Peace and Quo- 
 rum throughout the State. The same year, he was commissioned, in 
 company with John AVentworth, John Plumer, and Ebenezer Smith, to 
 administer the oaths of office and allegiance to the civil and military offi- 
 cers of the County. He was appointed Brigadier-General, June 27, 1780, 
 and Judge of Probate for Strafford County, December 6, 1784, which 
 office he held till May 13, 1797, when he resigned. He was also a mem- 
 ber of the State Council in 1784, 1790, and 1791. 
 
 As a military man, Gen. Badger was commanding in his person, well 
 skilled in the science of tactics, expert as an officer, and courageous and 
 faithful in the performance of every trust. With him, order was law, 
 rights were sacred, and the discharge of duty was never to be neglected. 
 He was a uniform friend and supporter of the institutions of learning and 
 religion. He not only provided for the education of his own children by 
 procuring private teachers, but he also took a lively interest in the early 
 establishment of common schools for the education of children generally. 
 Not content with such efforts merely, he did much in founding and erecting 
 the Academy in Gilmanton. He was one of the most generous contribu- 
 tors to its funds, and was one of its trustees, and the President of the 
 Board of Trust, until his death. He was also a generous supporter of 
 the gospel, a consistent christian, and to his hospitable mansion the minis- 
 ters of religion always found a most hearty welcome. 
 
 Gen. Badger was nearly six feet in stature, somewhat corpulent, light 
 and fair in complexion, and dignified and circumspect in his manners and 
 conversation. His whole life was marked by wisdom, prudence, integrity, 
 firmness, and benevolence. Great consistency was manifested in all his 
 deportment. He died April 4, 1803, in the 82d year of his age, ripe in 
 years, in character, in reputation, and as a christian. The text selected 
 for his funeral sermon was strikingly appropriate : — " And behold, there 
 was a man named Joseph, a counsellor ; and he was a good man and a 
 just." 
 
 78 
 
618 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 His widow died February 19, 1817, aged 95. Her ctildren were twelve; 
 grand-children forty-five, great-grand-childi-en ninety-five, and her great- 
 great-gi'and-children twenty-five. -= 
 
 Babtlett, Hox. Bailey. The following sketch of this estimable man is 
 from the Essex Gazette, of September 11, 1830: — 
 
 " Died in this town, on Thursday last, (September 9, 1830,) the Hon, 
 Bailey Bartlett, the venerable Sheriif of Essex County, aged LXXX. 
 Mr. Bartlett was descended from one of the earliest settlers of Newburyport. 
 His paternal ancestor, John Johnson, was settled in Haverhill, by a formal 
 writing with its principal inhabitants in 1G57, who conveyed to him a 
 house on the site of the mansion of Sheriff Bartlett, on condition of his 
 doing the Smith's business for the Village for seven years. Mr. Johnson 
 lived to an advanced age, when he and his wife were butchered by the 
 Savages, and his house burnt, when Haverhill was attacked in 1708. His 
 grand-daughter was married to Dr. Joshua Bayley, a distinguished Surgeon 
 in the British Navy, and afterwards Physician in the village of Haverhill. 
 Sheriff Bartlett was the only son of one of his three daughters, and was 
 named for his grand-father. His father was an importing merchant, and 
 kept an English Goods store, as did the Sheriff, until 1789. Mr. Bartlett 
 received only a common school education, but a taste for reading marked 
 every period of his life from youth to old age ; and very few men in the 
 country have read more than Mr. Bartlett. He also had a great taste for 
 agriculture, to which he devoted much time, and in this pursuit he made 
 many useful and successful experiments. He was early a member of the 
 Agricultural Society of the State and of the County. A taste for Mechanics 
 was also a distinguished trait in the character of Mr. Bartlett. In his 
 office he kept a Lathe and the tools of a joiner, and some of the handsomest 
 pieces of furniture were made by him for the various members of his family ; 
 this was indeed his favorite amusement. He particularly directed his 
 attention to the art of constructing bridges and suggested many improve- 
 ments in that art. 
 
 Living at the most interesting period of our revolution, he early mingled 
 in political life. He was one of the earliest and most constant friends of 
 the venerable John Adams, and the fellow boarder with him and Samuel 
 Adams, in Philadelphia, on the 4th of July 1776. He was present in the 
 yard of CongTess Hall, when the Declaration of Independence was first 
 proclaimed, and he has often observed that it was received with great- 
 murmuring by the crowd there assembled. In 1783 he represented the 
 
 *> The above notice of Gen. Badger, and his family, is mostly taken from Lancaster's History of 
 Gilmanton, -Y. H. 
 
.VJWV' 
 
 ISjiufjjrd-.^r.Uh.BosU-"' 
 
BlStORY OF HAYBftHlLL. 619 
 
 CAvn of Haverhill in the House of Eepresentatives, and in 1789, the County 
 of Essex in the Senate. On the first of July of that year he was appointed 
 Sheriff of Essex. Gov. Hancock presented him the Commission in person, 
 and stated to him that he did it with peculiai- jjleasure as it was the only 
 nomination during his administration that met the unanimous concurrence 
 ef his council. He held the Oifice until the day of his death, with the 
 exception of about six months, from Dec. 5th, 1811, to June 20th, 1812, 
 when he was made the victim of the unfortunate policy of Gov. Gerry, 
 which resulted in his defeat at the subsequent election. During the time 
 that Mr. Bartlett was thus out of Office, bis fellow citizens with great 
 unanimity elected him Treasurer of the County. In his Office of Sheriff 
 he was distinguished by his courtesy — his house was the mansion of 
 elegant hospitality. Kind and indulgent almost to a fault to the unfortu- 
 nate victims of the law, his purse often paid the exactions of the unfeeling 
 creditor rather than imprison the poor debtor. In all cases of difficulty 
 he was firm, fearless and immoveable. Though decided in his politics, he 
 never suffered political feeling to enter into his official duties, and many of 
 his deputies were his warmest political opponents. His kind treatment to 
 the victim of a political libel estranged some of Mr, Bartlett's political 
 friends, but added to his character one of his brightest laurels. The same 
 thing took place, when during the great excitement of the late war, an 
 attempt was made to tax the humane Marshal of Massachusetts with 
 barbarous treatment of the British prisoners, the Sheriff immediately fear- 
 lessly vindicated the character of Marshal Prince and bore testimony to 
 his humanity. 
 
 Sheriff Bartlett, was a member of the Convention that adopted the Con- 
 stitution of the United States, and that which was called to amend the 
 Constitution of Massachusetts in 1820. In 1797 he succeeded Judge 
 Bradbury as Eepresentative of Essex North District, in the Congress of the 
 United States, of which he was a member four years ; — he being a member 
 of the last Congress holden at Philadelphia and of the first which met at 
 Washington. He was member of Congress during the contest between 
 Mr. Jefferson and Aaron Burr, and whilst a member, was the chamber 
 companion of the lamented Chief Justice Parker, between whom, until the 
 death of the latter, the warmest and most cordial friendship continued to 
 exist. Speaking of Sheriff Bartlett, just before the commencement of the 
 late trial, to which they both fell victims. Judge Parker says in a letter to 
 a friend, "'he is one of the last men whose feelings I would intentionally 
 
620" HISTORY OF HAVEKHlLlr. 
 
 wound, having for more than thirty years known the purity and integrity 
 of his character, both public and private." 
 
 These two friends devoted their last moments to duty and society ; and 
 though Sheriff Bartlett, at the advaned age of 80, was afflicted with a 
 malady which would have excused a young man of thirty from attending 
 Court, still he was determined whilst he held his office to discharge its 
 duties. Nineteen days before his death, he attended Court, when the 
 sentence of death was pronounced on the unhappy Knapp. He returned 
 to Haverhill the same day, when he arrived at his house, it took several 
 men to remove him from his chaise. He immediately took to his bed and 
 never left it. It was his last sickness as it was his first. He never having 
 been severely indisposed, before. A life of the greatest temperance secured 
 health to a good old age, and in his last sickness he scarcely felt a pain. 
 
 Mr. Bartlett was one of the Electoral Candidates on the federal ticket 
 in 1804, and was elected an Elector in 1828. Mr. Bartlett was the oldest 
 public officer living in Massachusetts, except the clerk of the County of 
 Middlesex, and he has probably held the office of Sheriff longer than any 
 other individual ever held it. The best commentary on his public life is, 
 that without a dissipated or extravagant habit, he leaves his family less 
 than half the property he possessed when appointed Sheriff. 
 
 Such was the public life of this amiable, honest, faithful and unostenta- 
 tious public servant. But the brightest trait of his character cannot be 
 known to the world. To see that, they must know the family he has 
 reared, trjiined and stamped with his own similitude. Fifteen children, 
 thirteen grown to middle age, and eleven who survive him, who never knew 
 an angry passion or a selfish feeling. This is the brightest gem in the 
 diadem. Seven daughters softening the dying bed of virtuous old age, is 
 a scene which celibacy cannot witness without effect. Blessed was he Iq 
 life, and thrice blessed in its close." 
 
 BartI/Ett, Hon, Isaac. The Bartlett families are said to have come into 
 England with William the Conquerer in 10G6 ; and one of them — Adam 
 De Barrtlot — settled in Stapham, Sussex. However this may be, it is 
 certain that the Bartletts who settled at Bartlett's Cove, in Newbury, 
 Massachusetts, came into this country from 1634 to 1637. John Bartlett 
 eame in 1634, from the County of Kent, England. He died in 1678. 
 Eichard Bartlett, a shoemaker, supposed brother of the first John, came in 
 1637, and died in 1647, His son, Samuel, married Eliza Titcomb, and 
 died in 1732. His youngest daughter married the Eev. Matthias Plant, 
 who has left MSS relating to his own time. Thomas Bartlett, son of the 
 above Samuel, married Sarah AYebster, and died in 1 744. His wife died 
 
HON ISRAEL BARTLETT. 
 
HON. SAMUEL BLODGET. 
 
HISTORY OF UAVEEUILL. 621 
 
 in 1728. Tlieir children were Israel, Tabitha, Enocli, (who was the father 
 of Hon. Bailey Bartlett, of Haverhill,) Dorithy,]Srehemiah, James, Thomas, 
 and Sarah, 
 
 Israel Bartlett, son of the above Thomas, married Love Hall in 1738, 
 and died in 1754. His wife died in 1806. Their children were Joseph 
 Hall, Sarah, Thomas, Israel, Mary, and Josiah. 
 
 Israel Bartlett, son of the above Israel, was born in Nottingham, N. H., 
 May 8, 1748, and died in Haverhill, April 21, 1838, He married Tabitha, 
 Walker, June 8, 1775. She died December 18, 1824, Their children 
 were Samuel, Enoch, Mary, Henry, James, John, Sarah, George, and 
 Charles. Only one of these (John) are now living. After the death of 
 his father, which occurred when Israel was but six years of age, the latter 
 went to reside with his uncle, at Bartlett's Cove, where he remained until 
 he went as an apprentice to the G-oldsmith's trade, to a Mr. Moulton, in 
 Newburyport, When his term of apprenticeship was completed, he came 
 to Haverhill, and established himself in the same business. 
 
 Though his early education was limited, Mr. Bartlett made such good 
 use of his odd hours, that he became well versed in ancient and modern 
 history, and familiar with the standard literature of his day. He enjoyed, 
 deservedly, the respect and attachment of all who knew him. In his 
 earlier years, he was active in the service of his country ; he was present 
 at the surrender of Burgoyne, and has left a brief account of that expedi- 
 tion. In 1810 and 11, also from 1816 to 21, he served the Commonwealth 
 as a member of the State Senate. He sustained various offices in the town, 
 and always discharged his duties with great fidelity. Shortly before his 
 death, at the advanced age of 90, he received a renewal of his appointment, 
 as a justice of the Peace. 
 
 For very many years he was an honored and consistent member of the 
 First Church in this town, and, at the ripe age of 90 years, he went down 
 to his grave strong in the hope of a glorious immortality. 
 
 Blodget, Samuel, better known to our elderly citizens as Judge Blodget, 
 was a native of Woburn, Mass., and a man of superior ingenuity, intelli- 
 gence, and enterprise. He was at the taking of Louisburg, in 1745, and 
 came to Haverhill some time previous to 1748, in which year he married 
 Hannah White, of "Haverhill District." In 1759, he established pot 
 and pearl ash works in this town, which were among the first in the 
 country, and kept them in successful operation for many years. Bemoving 
 to New Hampshire, some time previous to the Ilevolution, he was appointed 
 Judge of the Inferior Court, in the County of Hillsborough, which office 
 he held for some years. Judge Blodget was possessed of great 
 
62(> HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 born April 23, 1828, cliecl, unmarried, July 1, 1847 ; Matilda, born Jan- 
 uary 17, 1830, died May 7, 1834 ; Sarah, born February 14, 1832, died, 
 unmarried, August 4, 1848 ; Matilda, born February 7, 1834, died, un- 
 married, August 27, 1852; William, born December 27, 1835; Charles 
 Tappan, born August 28, 1837, married, October 8, 1857, Charlotte Eliz- 
 abeth Burr, born May 22, 1837, children, Emeline Frances, born August 
 4, 1858, Frederick Henry, born September 12, 1860; Emeline, born 
 July 23, 1841, died August 10, 1841. Deacon Tappan Chase died April 
 27, 1857. 
 
 George Wingate, son of Tappan and Hannah, married, December 29, 
 1849, Frances A., born June 9, 1830, daughter of Christopher Dyer, 
 Esq., of New Sharon, Me. Children, Charles Dyer, born November 16, 
 1850 ; Abigail Matilda, born June 19, 1853 ; Sarah Ann, born May 21, 
 1861. 
 
 Cogswell, Nathaniel, Esq., son of Hon. Thomas Cogswell, was born 
 in Haverhill, January 19, 1773, graduated at Dartmouth College in 1794, 
 studied with Ebenezer Smith, Esq., of Durham, N. H., and commenced 
 the practice of the law in 1805. He soon after took the tour of Europe, 
 returned, and, in 1808, established himself in Newburyport. He was 
 appointed Aid to Major-Greneral Brickett, afterward went to Mexico, 
 where he became a General in the Spanish Patriot army, and died at the 
 Eapids of Bed Kiver, in August, 1813, aged 40. 
 
 Hon. Thomas Cogswell, son of Nathaniel and Judith (Badger) Cogs- 
 well, was bom in Haverhill, August 4, 1746. He was one of a family of 
 nineteen children. At the age of 24, (February 26, 1770,) he was mar- 
 ried to Euth Badger, daughter of General Joseph Badger, of -Gilmanton, 
 N. H. He lived in Haverhill, where he had three children, until the com- 
 mencement of the Eevolutionary War, when he entered the army, and his 
 wife and children went to reside with her father, in Gilmanton. He was out 
 during nearly the whole war. He entered the service as Captain, and rose 
 to the rank of Colonel. At the close of the war, he returned to Gilmanton, 
 settled near his wife's father's, and was soon a prominent man in the town. 
 He served as moderator, and frequently as selectman, and was one of the 
 original trustees of the Academy. In 1784, he was appointed Chief Jus- 
 tice of the Court of Common Pleas, which office he held till his decease, 
 in 1810. He had eleven children, one of whom, Nathaniel, was the second 
 graduate at Dartmouth from Gilmanton. Two other sons died in the 
 army, during the war of 1812 : — Francis, who graduated at Dartmouth 
 College, in 1811, and was a Lieutenant in the army, died at Plattsburgh, 
 N.Y., December 8, 1812 ; and Thomas was killed at Chatteaugay, N. Y., 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERUILL. 627 
 
 October 26, 1813. Judge Cogswell was twice a candidate for Kepresenta- 
 tive to Congress. In September, 1804, he donated $75 to the Tirst 
 Congregational Church in his town, for the purpose of purchasing a " sac- 
 I'amental service " for its use. After his decease, the church erected a 
 large pair of grave-stones to his memory. He died September 3, 1810, 
 aged 64 years. His widow died October 16, 1839, aged 88 years. 
 
 Corliss, George, was born in England about the year 1617, and came 
 to this country 1639. He married Joanna Davis, October 26, 1645; she 
 came from that part of England called Wales ; they had one son and seven 
 daughters. Corliss died October 19, 1686. He left an extensive farm in 
 the west part of Haverhill, which he divided, by will, among his children, 
 giving his home farm to his son John. To his daughter, Mrs. Mary Neif, 
 he gave the farm one mile east of his home farm, being the farm where 
 William Swasey now lives. Mrs. Neff was taken by the Indians with 
 Mrs. Duston, and remained with her through the whole captivity. 
 
 Johv. son of the above George, was born March 4, 1647, and married 
 Mary Milford, December 17, 1684 ; they had four sons and two daughters. 
 He lived and died on the same farm and over the same cellar where his 
 father had lived and died. He die& February 17, 1698, leaving the farm 
 to his oldest son, John. 
 
 John^ grandson of George, was born March 14, 1686, married Euth 
 Haynes, of Haverhill, about 1711. They had thirteen children. He was 
 a man of large stature, more than six feet in height and well proportioned. 
 He had a commanding voice, spoke loud and distinctly, and was often well 
 understood at the distance of more than a mile. He died November, 
 1766. At his death, his son Joseph came into possession of the farm — 
 having previously received a deed of it from his father, who reserved a 
 privilege in it for himself and wife. 
 
 Joseph, son of the last named John, was born in 1724, He married 
 Mary Emerson, February 19, 1746, and had seven children. He died 
 November 3, 1762, leaving his farm to his sons, Joseph and Ephraim. 
 
 JEpkraim, son of Joseph, was born August 13, 1751. At the age. of 
 twenty-one, he came into possession of that half of the farm which his 
 father left him, by will, and soon after, he purchased of his brother Joseph 
 the remainder of the farm. At the age of twenty-five, he married Lydia 
 Ayer, of Haverhill. Twelve days after his marriage, he joined a com- 
 pany of militia, and served three months as a private soldier, travelling 
 more than nine hundred miles that winter. He had three sous and two 
 daughters, and died October 25, 1824. 
 
6'2B . HISTORY OF HAYERHILi, 
 
 Ephraim, son of Ephraim, was born March 13, 1782, married '^^t^^ 
 arj 21, 1826, had one son and two daughters, and died July 5, 1858, 
 leaving his home farm to his son, Charles, (of the seventh generation) 
 who now lives on the farm inherited from his father, and the same thafe 
 was first owned by George Corliss, in 1640. 
 
 Duncan, George, son of George, (who lived and died in Ireland) came 
 to this country with the early settlers of Londonderry, N. H,, accompanied 
 with his second wife, Margaret Cross, and his seven children. They were 
 John, the eldest by a former marriage ; and George, William, Eobert, 
 Abraham, Esther, and James, by the second marriage. 
 
 James, son of the above George, married Elizabeth Bell, third daughter 
 of John and Elizabeth Bell, and was a merchant in Haverhill, Mass. He 
 
 died in 1818, aged 92 years. His wife died in , aged about 47 
 
 years. Their children were, John, who died" unmarried ; Samuel, of 
 Grantham, N. H., who married a Miss Emerson, and had several children ; 
 Eobert, who was a Eepresentative of Grantham, married a Miss Emerson, 
 had a son, Samuel B., and died in 1S07 ; Abraham ; William, who lived 
 in Concord, N. H., married a Miss Harris, had a son James, and three 
 daughters, and died about 1795, (his widow removed to Ohio with her son 
 James, and died in 1835) ; James, who married Eebecca White, of Hav- 
 erhill, and died January 5, 1822, leaving two sons, Col. Samuel W., who 
 died October 21, 1824, aged 34, and Hon, James H., who married Mary, 
 daughter of Benjamin Willis, of Boston ; Elizabeth, who married John 
 Thaxter, Esq., of Haverhill, and afterward Joshua Carter, of Boston ; 
 Margaret, who married Thomas Baldwin, D.D,, of Boston ; Mary ; and 
 three others. 
 
 Hon. James H. Duncan, was born in Haverhill, Mass., December 5, 
 1793. His father, James Duncan, Esq., was a prominent merchant, and 
 a descendant of the colony of Scotch-Irish who settled Londonderry, N. H„ 
 His mother, Eebeccah W^hite, was a descendant of William White, one of 
 the first settlers of Haverhill. The subject of this sketch early mani- 
 fested a love for books, and having passed the usual course of preparation 
 at Phillips' Exeter Academy, entered Harvard University, in 1808, at the 
 early age of fourteen. Notwithstanding his youth, he maintained a high 
 rank in scholarship, and graduated in 1812, with an honorable part. 
 Having pursued the study of the Law in the offices of Hon. John Varnum, 
 at Haverhill, and Leverett Saltonstall, Esq., at Salem, he was admitted to 
 the Essex Bar in 1815, and immediately entered upon the practice of his 
 profession, in Haverhill, and continued in it with fidelity and success 
 
'•^-yi^/U^^u 
 
 -/^-u^^ 
 
 ^/^■7-7'a,y 
 
 l^>ny-i^'t.^ 
 
HISTOKY OF HAVERHILL. 629 
 
 until he took his seat in Congress, in 1849, when he resigned the active 
 duties of the profession. 
 
 A short time previous to his admission to the Bar, he was elected En- 
 sign in the Haverhill Light Infantry Company, of which he was a member, 
 and, passing through the various grades of militia service, he rose to the 
 rank of Colonel, which office he held several years, and until he resigned 
 his commission. Being extensively engaged in farming, in which he has 
 always taken a lively interest, he was early elected a Trustee of the Essex 
 Agricultural Society, of which he was also President from 1836 to 1839. 
 On the formation of the National Eepublican party, in 1827, he was, by 
 the united votes of the Federal and Democratic parties, elected to the 
 House of Representatives, and in the following year to the Senate, of 
 which he continued a member three successive years, and until he declined 
 a re-election. In 1837, and 1838, he was again elected to the House, and 
 in the two following years to the Council of Massachusetts. On the adop- 
 tion of the district system, in 1857, he was again elected to the House of 
 Eepresentatives, where he at all times held an honorable, and influential 
 position. 
 
 On the passage of a State Insolvent Law, in 1838, he was appointed 
 one of the Commissioners in Insolvency ; and on the passage of the United 
 States Bankrupt Law, in 1841, he was appointed Commissioner in Bank- 
 ruptcy, which office he held until the law was repealed. 
 
 In 1839, he was elected as delegate to the National Eepublican Conven- 
 tion at Harrisburg, which nominated General Harrison for President. In 
 1848, he was elected to represent his district, — then the largest manu- 
 facturing district in the United States — in Congress, and was re-elected 
 for a second term, in 1850. 
 
 Having always manifested a lively interest in all literary and benevolent 
 institutions, his education and character have marked him as a prominent 
 member of many of them, particularly those of the Baptist denomination, 
 of which he is a member. Since 1835 he has filled the office of Fellow of 
 Brown University. 
 
 Mr. Duncan is one of our largest, and most liberal, as well as enterpris- 
 ing real estate owners, and has done much toward promoting the general 
 business prosperity of the town. He has for many years resided upon the 
 beautiful estate, corner of Main and Sumner Streets, originally owned by 
 Moses B. Moody, Esq. The elegant mansion was designed by the celebrated 
 architect, Haviland, and we believe there is but one other of the same 
 style of architecture in the United States. 
 
630 HISTORY OF HAVERHlLLi 
 
 Eames, Theodore, was a native of Haverhill, and a graduate of Yale 
 College. He studied law in the office of Hon. Leverett Saltonstall, at 
 Salem, and for several years successfully practised in that city. He after- 
 ward, and for a number of years, was Principal in the Salem Grammar 
 School. From Salem he removed to Brooklyn, N. Y., to take charge of a 
 school in that city ; and was subsequently appointed Police Judge, which 
 office he held at the time of his death, in 1847. He was a man of strict 
 integrity, great energy, and universally respected. 
 
 Eaton, Peter, D.D., was a native of Haverhill; one of the early pupils 
 at Phillips' Academy, at Andover, and a graduate of Harvard College of 
 the class of 1787, After completing his professional studies at Haverhill, 
 he was settled as pastor of the church in Boxford, in 1789, where he con- 
 tinued to labor until his death, April 14, 1848, at the age of 83 years, 
 and in the 58th year of his ministry. His erect and manly bearing ; his 
 ardent piety ; his frank and cordial greeting ; his generous hospitality, 
 and open-handed charity, will not soon be forgotten by the many who 
 knew him and loved him. 
 
 4 
 
 Emerson, Capt., Nehemiah, was a descendant of Michael Emerson, 
 who* settled in Haverhill in 1656, married Hannah Webster, and whose 
 eldest daughter, Hannah, married Thomas Duston, of heroic memory. 
 
 Mr. Emerson was one of those who " marched on ye alarm April 19, 
 1775." AYhen the alarm reached Haverhill, he was at work on the roof 
 of Deacon Dodge's house, corner of Main and Vestry Streets. He at 
 once hurried home, changed his clothes, joined the company of Lieutenant 
 Samuel Clements, and made all haste to the scene of action. From a 
 private he gradually rose to the rank of Captain. He served through the 
 whole of the war, visiting his home but once during the whole period.-'* 
 He was at Bunker Hill; at Valley Porge, during that memorable win- 
 ter ; at Burgoyne's surrender ; and was one of the guards at the execution 
 of Andre. His persevering patriotism, courage, and integrity, secured 
 him the friendship and esteem of Washington, Lafayette, Kosciusko, and 
 Steuben, the memory of whom was dearly cherished by him to the end of 
 life. Several years after the war, as Mr. Willis of this town was walking 
 through the grounds at Mt. Vernon, he met President Washington, who 
 engaged in conversation with him. On learning that he was from Haver- 
 hill, W^ashington enquired particularly about Captain Emerson, who, he 
 observed, was " a brave officer, a good disciplinarian, and never lost his 
 temper." 
 
 * Four of his brothers, — Jonathan, Samuel, Nathan, and Moses, — were also in the army of the 
 Revolution. 
 
\ 
 
 '^th 
 
 (yV^ 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 631 
 
 Mr. Emerson settled on the old homestead, so long in possession of his 
 family, where he continued lo reside until his death. He was a kind- 
 hearted, gentlemanly man, not ambitious of worldly distinction, ' but 
 honest and upright ; and his memory is cherished with respect. He died 
 December 11, 1832, aged 84 years. 
 
 How, David, son of Deacon James How, was born in Methuen, Mass., 
 in 1758. He was the third of a family of ten children, — six sons and 
 four daughters. All the sons served in the Kevolution. Three of them 
 were at the battle of Bunker Hill. 
 
 David was a currier by trade, having learned the business while living 
 with his grandfather (Farnham) at Andover, Mass. He was one of those 
 who marched to Cambridge on the Lexington Alarm, and was also of the 
 number that occupied Bunker Hill on the night of the 16th of June. On 
 the day of the battle, he was stationed in the " fort," and thus took an 
 active part in the struggle. Just at the close of the action, having dis- 
 charged his gun, the soldier who stood at his side was shot down, when 
 How seized his comrade's gun, " let fly" at the British, and under cover. 
 of the smoke, retreated from the fort. JVtr. How always gave a large part of 
 ihe credit due for the glorious work of that day, to Col. Prescott. Many 
 years after that eventful day, and but a few months before his death, a 
 person read to Mr. How an article from a Boston paper, relating to the 
 battle, and asked his opinion of Gen. Putnam. He replied that he " never 
 heard anything against him in the army." He was then asked what he 
 thought of Col. Prescott. He answered, "had it not been for Col. Pres- 
 cott there would have been no fight." Pretending that he was not quite 
 understood, the person repeated the question, but the answer was the 
 same. Not yet satisfied, tne question was again pressed, when How arose 
 from his chair, stood erect, and, raising his hand, exclaimed, with all the 
 power of voice he could summon — (for some years his voice had been 
 scarcely audible,) — "I tell ye that, had it not been for Col. Prescott, 
 there would have been no fight. He was all night, and all the morning 
 talking to the soldiers and moving about his short sword among them, in 
 such a way, that they all felt like fight." 
 
 On the 27th of the December following the above battle, How, then 
 scarcely seventeen years of age, enlisted for the war. Though young, his 
 spirit had already caught the true patriotic fire, and through all the long 
 and arduous struggle, he never for a moment doubted the final result. 
 He was at Haarlem Heights, and at Trenton. At the latter battle, he took 
 from a Hessian soldier his gun and knapsack, both of which are still in 
 the possession of his grandson, David W. Howe, of Brooklyn, N. Y. 
 
632 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 After the close of the war, Mr. How went to New London, N. H., where 
 he bought and partly cleared a lot of land, intending to settle upon it as 
 a farmer. But his wife was so unwilling to remove thus far into the 
 wilderness,-' that he gave up the idea of becoming a farmer, and finally 
 removed to Haverhill, where he commenced, in a very humble way, in the 
 basement of a small shop on Water Street, the business of currying. His 
 peculiar suavity of manner, strict integrity, industry, and Yankee pro- 
 pensity to "trade and dicker," soon secured him a firm hold upon the 
 business of the place. He gradually added a variety of other articles of 
 trade to his little stock of leather, until in time he became the largest 
 trader in the town. 
 
 From his little shop on Water Street, he removed to a store near the 
 west end of the Bannister Block, on Merrimack Street. Subsequently he 
 built the block now occupied by John Davis, and Willett & Co., (next but 
 one south of Mechanics' Court, west side of Main Street,) to which he 
 removed. He occupied nearly the entire building, which was kept liter- 
 ally filled with goods. Still later, he was instrumental in the erection of 
 the pile of brick buildings extending from the bridge to the Essex Block, 
 on Merrimack Street, and had charge of their erection. The two west 
 stores were owned by him; the next two by James Duncan, Esq., and the 
 rest of the block, to the toll-keeper's house on the bridge, was owned by 
 Wm. B. Bannister, Esq., of Newburyport. 
 
 Mr. How was among the first to engage in the wholesale manufacture of 
 shoes in the town, and was the first one who. manufactured them in large 
 quantities, for a distant market. During the war of 1812, he sent a 
 large lot of them to Philadelphia, by his own team, realizing a handsome 
 profit on them. He was the first to keep on hand large quantities of 
 leather, to exchange for shoes. Such was his interest in the business, and 
 his energy and enterprise in carying it on, that he may almost be called 
 the founder of the shoe business in this town. 
 
 An idea of the large amount of business done by him may be judged 
 from the fact that during the war of 1812, he was oflFered $100,000, for 
 the stock of goods he then had in his store, but refused. 
 
 With his early love of farming, Mr. How invested largely in farming 
 lands, and was at one time probably one of the largest land owners in the 
 County, if not in the State. Liberal minded and enterprising, f he im- 
 
 * His first wife was a Whittier, of Methuen ; his second, a daughter of Isaac Ecddington, Esq., of Hav- 
 erhill; and his third, Sarah, daughter of Samuel White, Esq., also of this town. 
 
 t Mr. How was the first one to introduce and advocate the use of plaster on lands. To prove its 
 efScacy, he caused it to be sown in a peculiar manner, on the southerly side of Golden Hill, and for 
 months afterward, the mammoth " D H " etched in living green, proved to the passers-by its claims to 
 confidence. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL, 633 
 
 parted a like spirit to his fellow-to-n-nsmen, the surpassing influence of 
 which cannot be estimated. Thousands upon thousands of apple and pear 
 trees, now in the full vigor of maturity, and yielding their ample crops of 
 delicious fruit,- are visible and tangible monuments of his enterprise and 
 practical forethought. Through all the sixty years of his residence in 
 this town, Mr. How commanded the unqualifled respect and confidence of 
 all who knew him. Mr. How was never an office-seeker, and therefore the 
 fact that he represented his town in the General Court for twelve years, 
 is ample proof of the confidence reposed in him by his fellow-citizens. 
 During the early years of the Merrimack Bank, he was its President. He 
 was a large owner in the Haverhill Bridge, and, indeed, was more or less 
 connected with every worthy local enterprise of the day. 
 
 His farming operations were never profitable, from the fact that he 
 could not personally oversee such extensive operations, and at the same 
 time carry on a large commercial business. 
 
 For many years, he was a sort of " savings bank " for those of his towns- 
 men, and others, who happened to have money that they did not wish to 
 make use of for the time.* Such were always glad to have him invest 
 their money for them, and his simple promissory note was Considered 
 equally as secure as the best bank stocks of the present day. 
 
 The knowledge on the part of those to whom he was thus indebted, that 
 bis farms were rather a pecuniary damage to him, and that his liabilities 
 were large, ultimately proved his misfortune. A rumor (unfounded, but 
 equally fatal,) that he had recently become embarrassed by heavy losses, 
 led to a sudden " run " upon him by these persons. Unable to meet the 
 sudden torrent of demands, and refusing security, (never having done 
 such a thing in his life ! ) suits were piled upon suits, and costs upon 
 costs, until a large property was nearly consumed. It is a remarkable 
 fact, that, at the time the panic occurred, not a dollar of the large 
 property then in his hands was mortgaged ! 
 
 Mr. How died February 9, 1842, in the 8oth year of his age. Many 
 yet living have ample cause to remember him with love and respect. To 
 the poor, he was no ordinary friend. His hand was always open to their 
 wants, and they never failed to find relief in his charities, His enter- 
 prise furnished employment for many an humble individual, whose wages 
 were regulated by no miserly standard. He was a " father of the town," 
 in the highest sense of the title, and will long be remembered for his 
 sterling worth. 
 
 ^ The first Bank in £he town, was incoiporated in 181.4. Tlie Savings Bank was not established until 
 1829. 
 
 80 
 
634 mSTORY OF haverhill. 
 
 Isaac Redington How, son of David How, Esq., was born in Haverhill, 
 MarcL 13, 1791. He graduated at Harvard 1810, and after pursuing his 
 legal studies with Hon. "William Prescott, of Boston, commenced his pro- 
 fession at Haverhill, and acquired in it a highly respectable rank. But 
 his taste and inclination led him, mainly, to literary pursuits, and he 
 gradually avoided his practice in the law. He was a constant and severe 
 thinker, and wrote much for the press. He was especially interested in 
 whatever related to the mechanics and the arts, and in these matters his 
 mind was far iu advance of his age. He was never selfish or partizan in 
 his character, or committed his conduct or opinions to the dictation of 
 others, but aimed at truth, and the general good. He was a useful and 
 respected citizen, and a high-minded, intellectual, christian gentleman. 
 He died at Haverhill, January 15, 1860. 
 
 Johnson, John^ the first of this name who settled in Haverhill, was a 
 son of William, a brick-maker of Charlestown, Mass. He came to Hav- 
 erhill in the fall of 1657, with his wife, Elizabeth, who was a daughter of 
 Elias Maverick, of Charlestown, and one child, John, who was born 
 August 3, 1657. He settled near the corner of what is now Main and 
 "Water Streets, and a part of his original house-lot is still in the posses- 
 sion of his lineal descendants.* As a blacksmith's shop in those ^ays was 
 one of the most public places in a town, it is quite probable that his set- 
 tlement in that place was a prominent reason why the principal business 
 of the town became located iu that vicinity. Besides the house-lot and 
 other town accommodations given him, February 9, 1659, to encourage 
 him to settle here, he bought parcels of land, at various times, until he 
 became quite a large land-holder, but at the time of his death he had sold 
 and given away to his children, all but about seventy-five to ' one hundred 
 acres — some of which was situated in the town of Charlestown. 
 
 Mr. Johnson was an active and useful citizen, and became the founder 
 of one of the largest and most respectable families in this town. He 
 represented the town in the General Court, in 1691 ; was one of the dea- 
 cons in the church ; and an oflicer in the militia. At the terrible slaugh- 
 ter of the inhabitants by the Indians, August 29, 1708, he was killed at 
 his own house, and buried in the old burying-ground, with the other offi- 
 cers iu the militia, near Mr. Eolfe, their pastor. 
 
 Mr. Johnson was married three times, — first, to Elizabeth Maverick, 
 October 15, 1656, who died March 22, 1673—4 ; second, to widow Sarah 
 Gillo, of Lynn, March 3, 1674-5, who died July 24, 1676, at the time 
 
 • See page 88. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 635* 
 
 lier twin-daugliters were born ; and third, September 8, 1680, Katherine, 
 widow of John Maverick, and formerly Katherine Skipper, of Boston, 
 who was killed by the Indians at the same time as was her husband. 
 
 He had at least ten children: John, born Augusts, 1657; Elizabeth, 
 born November 16, 1659 ; Euhama, born September 10, 1661; William 
 born November 14, 1663; Sarah, born August 2, 1665; Euth ; Euth, 
 born February 14, 166D; Timothy, born June 31, 1672; and Mary and 
 Eebecca, twins, born July 17, 1676. 
 
 Timothy, son of John, married Ann Maverick, and died September 21, 
 1696, leaving one child, Elizabeth, who married Dr. Joshua Bailey, by 
 whom she had Ann, Mary, Sarah, Elizabeth, Mary, Anna, (who was the 
 first wife of Enoch Bartlett, by whom she had one child, Bailey, who was 
 the ■ Hon. Bailey^ Bartlett,*) and Abigail, (who married Isaac Osgood, 
 from Andover). 
 
 John, (a blacksmith, and who was also called Lieut. Johnson,) son of 
 John and Elizabeth (Maverick) Johnson, was also married three times, — 
 first, to Mary Mousall, September 8, 1680; second, to Lydia Clement, 
 February 19, 1689 ; and third, to Mary, daughter of a Joseph Johnson, 
 May 17, 1697. He died March 9, 1723-4. His children were — John, 
 1683 ; Thomas, 1685, (ancestor of most of the Johnsons of Haverhill 
 and Bradford) ; William; Lydia, 1689 ; Nathaniel, 1691 ; Mary, 1693-4; 
 Sarah, 1695-6; Elizabeth, 1699; Timothy, 1701; Eebecca-; Maverick; 
 Hannah, 1707 ; William, (who succeeded his father as blacksmith) 1709 , 
 Abigail, 1711-12; Samuel, 1715-16. 
 
 Thomas, son of John, Jr., and Mary (Mousall) Johnson, settled on the 
 northeast side of Kenoza Lake, where Daniel Hoyt now lives, which farm 
 was given him by his fathei". He married, first, Euth Bradley, November 
 13, 1706, who was killed by the Indians the same day;f and second, 
 Eachel Ordway, who died 1764. Mr. Johnson died July 22, 1754. His 
 ten children were — Lydia, 1707; Euth, 1710; Daniel, 1711-12, who 
 with his brother, Maverick, had the homestead; Maverick, 1714, one of 
 
 ° Hon. Bailey Bartlett married Peggy, (laughter of John White, Jr., of this town, and had Anna B., 
 burn 1787, who is the widow of the Hon. Wm. Jarvis, of Weathersfield, Vt. ; Elizabeth, 1789, married 
 Hon. Joseph E. Spr.igue, of Salem ; Margaret, 1790, married Dr. Rufus Longley, of Haverhill ; Harriet 
 died unmarried i Sarah L., 1793, married Hon. J. E. Spnvgue above (for second wife) ; Bailey, 1794, now 
 resides in Lawrence, Mass.; Katherine, 179j; Edwin, 1796; Mary; Abigail 0., married Rev. Moses 
 Kimball, of Weathersfield, Vt. ; Charles L., 1802; Mary A., 1804, married John Tenney, Esq., of 
 Methuen, Mass.; Fred. A.; Francis, 1803 ; and Louisa, 1809, who. married Oliver Carleton, of Salem. 
 
 t Mr. Johnson's grandfather was slain in 1708, but the savages spared their infant, — which was prob- 
 ably the same child that MLrick says was in the arms of its step-great-grandmother, when she was 
 kiUed. 
 
QB6 HISTORY 01* HAVERHILt,. 
 
 whose children was the late Col. John Johnson, of the Eocks' Village, wha 
 died 1861; Nathan, 1718; Peter, 1721, who settled near his father; 
 Seth, 1723, who settled on the farm next south-west where Joshua Lake 
 now lives ; Eachel, 1726; Anna, 1728, and Moses, 17S0. 
 
 Captain Daniel, son of Thomas and Eachel (Ordway) Johnson, mar- 
 ried, first, April 3, 1734, Susanna Bixbj-, of Bosford, and second, Widow 
 Susanna Eussell, in 1779. He died in March, 1794. His children were 
 — Deacon Elias, 1735, who built the house (1772) and settled on the 
 place now owned by John B. Nichols, Esq., and where his son Daniel 
 afterward lived and died; Captain Timothy, 1737, an officer in the Eevo- 
 lution ; Lydia, 1739; Susanna, 1743; Mary, 1749; andEachel 1753. 
 
 Seth, son of Thomas and Eachel (Ordway) Johnson, married Hannah 
 Greeley, March 25, 1756, and had seven children, viz. : Thomas, 1757 ; 
 Thomas, 1760, who settled near Cottle's Ferry, where he erected and 
 owned a grist-mill; Nathaniel 1762; Seth, 1764, settled in Campton, 
 N. H. ; Nathaniel, 1767, who settled near Cottle's Ferry, and one of whose 
 sons, Joseph, married. Mary, daughter of Joseph and Deborah ("Williams) 
 Chase, of East Haverhill; John, 1772, a blacksmith, who finally settled 
 in the village, and died September 3, 1843 ; and Benjamin, 1774. 
 
 Deacon Thomas, son of Seth and Hannah (Clreeley) Johnson, who set- 
 tled near Cottle's Ferry, married Lydia Noyes, of "West Newbury, and 
 died January 13, 1845. His children were Hannah, 1786 ; Frederick, 
 October 20, 1789, who settled in West Bi-adford, and married Nancy, 
 daughter of Joseph Chase--'; Nathaniel, 1794, a farmer in East Haverhill j 
 Leonard, July 27, 1796, a shoe manufacturer, resides in Bradford; Fran- 
 cis, 1798, unmarried; Louisa, 1804; Lucinda, 1806; and Mary Brick- 
 ett, 1812. 
 
 John, son of Seth and Hannah (Greeley) Johnson, married Sarah, 
 daughter of Samuel and Sarah (Wingate) Bradley, of Haverhill, August 
 27, 1795. She died September 26, 1831, aged 62 years and 11 months. 
 Their children were, — Andrew, born October 7, 1796, married Euth, 
 daughter of Wm. Edwards, of Haverhill ; Samuel, born January 5, 1798, 
 
 *> The children of Fredc-riek and N:)ncy Johnson, were, Leonard, born 1815, died unmarried at Honoluln, 
 Sandwich Islands, in 1852; Wni. Fred, hoin 1816, resides in Mnscatine, Iowa, married, first, Sarah Ann 
 Vanderhuilt, and second, Sarah Proctor; George, born October 14, 1818, an extensive shoe-manufacturer 
 and dealer in leather in Boston, resides in Brai'ford, who married Emma Eldrcdge Uodgskins, of Newbury- 
 port, and has Geo. Hazcn, born December 3, 1S48, Herbert Morris, born Dectmber 8, 1850, Emma Ann, 
 died young, Frederick Wm., born October 24, 1853, Helen Louise, born July 7, 1855, Alice Rebecca, born 
 July 12, 1836, and Allan Macfarlan, born January 13, 1860, died August 22, 1860; Ann Maria, horn 
 October 13, 1820, married John Girdler of Manchester, Mass., both deceased; Hazen TF., born 1812, 
 died 1839; James T., died young; Emcline L., born 1826, died 1841; Abby Uazeliine, born March 25, 
 1828, Is Preceptress of Bradt<)rd Academy ; and Charla Everett, bom November 1, 1830. 
 
■ -<^ I" 
 
 6pj C/^ / 
 
 lAytAuJ cy 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 637 
 
 married, first, Sally, daughter of David Gleason, second, Abigail S. George, 
 and third, Mary, widow of Samuel Eussell, and died November, 1845; 
 Sally, born Februarys, 1801, died unmarried in 1822; Hannah, born 
 July 8, 1803, married Tappan, son of Joseph and Deborah Chase; Wash- 
 ington, born August 22. 1}:^05, a blacksmith, ^•■= married Harriet, widow of 
 Samuel S. Burr, of Haverhill; Abigail, born February 14, 1608, died 
 unmarried, August 29, 1841 ; Nathan, February 15, 1810, married first, 
 Elizabeth H., daughter of John Whittaker, second, Abigail, daughter of 
 Wyded Sawyer, and third, Lois Ann, daughter of Joshua Davis; and 
 William, born January 10, 1813, married Maria L. A-nderson, of Hamp- 
 stead, N. H. 
 
 LoNGLEY, Dr. Eufus, was a native of Shirley, Mass. Having pur- 
 sued the preparatory studies at Lawrence Academy, in Groton, he entered 
 Harvard University, and remained there about two years, but left College, 
 w'ith a number of his Glass, before he had completed his collegiate course. 
 An Honorary degree was subsequently conferred on him by that Institu- 
 tion. Having completed a full course of medical studies, and received a 
 medical degi-ee from Dartmouth College, he commenced the practice of his 
 profession in Haverhill, in 1812. His talent, manly bearing, and profes- 
 sional ability, soon won the respect and confidence of the people, which he 
 retained undiminished to the close of life. He was an eminently useful 
 citizen, taking a lively interest in the well-being of the community, and 
 his fellow-citizens were glad to place him in municipal offices whenever he 
 would accept them. In politics, a decided and consistent yet liberal dis- 
 ciple of the school of AYashington, he was always active and zealous in 
 the support of the principles to which he was attached; but although 
 favorably known through the County, his professional engagements would 
 not allow him to be a candidate for political office, except that he yielded 
 to the wishes of the District and was chosen one of the Harrison Electors 
 of President in 1840. Such was the confidence in his integrity and 
 ability that a full share of the responsibilities of this community were 
 devolved upon him. He was for many years President of the Savings 
 Institution, and also of the Merrimack Bank, which latter office he held 
 at his decease ; he was a prominent member of the Merrimack Lodge of 
 Free-masons in this place, and was its Master from 1817 to 1826, and 
 also from its re-organization, in 1852, to his death, in 1854. It may be 
 mentioned, as a somewhat remai-kable fact, in his forty-three years of pro- 
 fessional experience, that his first patient in the town was also the last to 
 
 • See page 88, 
 
638 HISTORY OF HAVERHILti. 
 
 receive a professional visit from him. Mr. Longley died Marcli 12, 1854> 
 aged 66 years. 
 
 Marsh. This is the name of an ancient family in the town, whose 
 descendants have become numerous and gone out into every part of our 
 wide land. 
 
 Onesiphorus, who was the son of G-eorge Marsh who was admitted a 
 "freeman" in the Mass. Colony, in 1635, and settled in Hingham, im- 
 migrated to this town within ten years of its settlement. He located at 
 what was long called " Marsh's Hill," a mile west of the village. He 
 left at least three sons and two daughters, — Onesiphorus, Jr., John, 
 Thomas, Mary, and Abigail. Thomas died 1690, of— as it is called in 
 the town records — the " Canada pox ; " the other children married and 
 had large familes. 
 
 John married, November 16, 1688, Lydia Emerson, and had ten chil- 
 dren: Elizabeth, born August 13, 1689 ; Sarah, born June 2, 1691 ; John, 
 born August 19, 1693 ; Thomas, born October 23, 1695; David, born Jan- 
 uary 21, 1698; Jonathan, born June 15, 1700; Mehitabel, born July 20, 
 1702 ; Abigail, born May 28, 1705 ; Hannah, born November 27, 1707 ; 
 and Ephraim, born April 2, 1710. Lydia, the wife of John, died in 1719, 
 and he married widow Mary Eaton, in 1720. In 1721, he was chosen 
 deacon of the First Parish Church, and died November 21:, 1734. 
 
 David, son of John, married Mary Moody, of Newbury, August 1722, 
 and had twelve children : Elizabeth, born June 29, 1 723 ; Mary, Marcli 
 12, 1725; Judith, May 5, 1727; Cutting, March 20, 1728; David, 
 March 27, 1731; Moses, February 9, 1732; Jonathan, May 25, 1735; 
 Enoch, August 3, 1737; Nathaniel, December 31, 1739; John, Novem- 
 ber 2d, 1743; Lydia, February 5, 1745; and Abigail, April 3, 1747. 
 David, senior, was chosen deacon, instead of his deceased father, in 1737. 
 and filled the office until his death, November 2, 1777. Mary, his widow, 
 long survived him, and died May 12, 1794, in the 91st year of her age. 
 This family presents a rare example of long life in all its members. The 
 shortest lived one, Enoch, lived to be 68 years old ; and the average of 
 the twelve was eighty-two years and one month. Perhaps the cause lay 
 in the temperance, frugality, and industry, of which they were all bright 
 examples. Their parents removed, about 1731, from Marsh's Hill to the 
 village — to the site adjoining, on the north, the Centre Church, and still 
 in possession of a descendant, 
 
 Moses, son of David, married Eebekah Walker, February 6, 1759, and 
 had twelve children: Lydia. born June 23, 1760, died aged 8 years; 
 Moses, born December 21, 1761; Mary, born August 23, 1763; Lydia 
 
''Jfc 
 
 
 '^v^JhrVL. 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 639 
 
 born July 28, 1765; David, born July 26, 1767; James, born October 6, 
 1769; Nathaniel, born August 11, 1771, died young; Nathaniel, born 
 July 1, 177 h Ecbckah, born February 11, 1777; John, born February 
 10, 1780; Jonathan, born July 30, 1782; and Samuel, born January 19, 
 1786. Of this once numerous family, only Samuel, the youngest, sur- 
 vives at the present ; he resides in New York, and enjoys, amid active 
 pursuits, comfortable health. The father died October 20, 1820, and the 
 mother, January lo, 1823, the former aged 88, and the latter 84. Most 
 of the children also lived to an advanced age. David, whose likeness is 
 here inserted, copied from a portrait painted when he was about 77 yeara 
 old, died August 30, 1854, in his 88th year. AVhile he passed his long 
 life in the humble paths of mechanical, mercantile, and agricultural occu- 
 pations yet no one of the name is more worthy to be contemplated by his 
 numerous relatives, as a model of every virtue. Many, on seeing the 
 likeness, will recall pleasant recollections of events long since passed 
 away. 
 
 In partnership with his brother, John, he did business for nearly fifty 
 years on Merrimack Street, in a store on the river-side, just east of the 
 residence of John Plummer, while their residences were on the opposite 
 side of the street — the fifth and sixth houses from Little Eiver. There 
 they manufactured hand-cards for carding wool, before machines for that 
 purpose, driven by water, were introduced here. After their introduction, 
 and during the second war with England, they began to make the machines 
 also, and the cards with them. They made, probably, the first carding 
 machine used in this part of the country, for Mr. Marland, of Andover, 
 and under his direction. Subsequently, they sent many into New Hamp- 
 shire and Maine. They were engaged, too, for some years, in the earlier 
 stage of the business here, in the manufacture of shoes. And, in the 
 long course of their business, the example of David and John Marsh 
 became proverbial, not only for the fairness of their dealings and their 
 promptness to meet all obligations, but likewise for the brotherly kindness 
 which marked their intercourse with each other. 
 
 Merrill, Hon. James Gushing, son of Eev. Gyles Merrill, was born 
 in Haverhill, September 27, 1784, and graduated at Harvard College in 
 1807. He settled in Boston as a lawyer, and was afterward Judge of the 
 Police Court in Boston. He married, November 28, 1820, Anna, daugh- 
 ter of Dr. Nathaniel Saltonstall, by whom he had four children. Judge 
 Merrill died October 4, 1853. His widow still resides in Haverhill. 
 
 MiNOT, Hon. Stephen was born in Concord, Mass., September 28, 
 1776, and graduated at Harvard College, in 1801. He studied law with 
 
640 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 Hon. Samuel Dana, of Groton, and was admitted to the Middlesex bar, in 
 1804. He practiced his profession about one year in New Gloucester, and 
 Minot, Me., and then removed to Haverhill, where he continued to reside 
 until his death, April 6, 1861. In 1810, he purchased a water privilege 
 at Methuen village, and soon after erected the first cotton mill at that 
 place, which he continued to operate for. several years.. He was at one 
 time County Attorney for Essex, and was Judge from 1811 to 1820. 
 
 His mind was clear in its perception and logical in its conclusions. 
 Firm in purpose, exact and punctual in method and habits, of strict integ- 
 rity, fearless in spirit, he was ever prompt to say or do whatever his 
 judgment approved. He was a liberal supporter of the institutions of 
 religion, whose ministrations he attended with great regularity, as long as 
 his infirmities would admit. Of gi-eat regularity and temperance in his 
 manner of life ; in his private relations, a true, afi"ectionate, generous 
 friend. In conversation, he was genial, and rich in anecdote. During 
 the latter part of his life, having withdrawn from professional labors, 
 he spent much of his time in mathematical studies, in which he took great 
 delight, and in reading the Lafin classics. The late George Minot, Esq., 
 a sound and able lawyer, of Boston, author of Minot's Digest, a work well 
 known to the profession, was his youngest son. 
 
 MooERs, Gen. Benjamin. As Gen. Mooers was a native of Haverhill, 
 we copy the following obituary notice of him from the Plattsburg (New 
 York) Whig, of the 24th February, 1838 : — 
 
 "Died in this village, on the 20th inst., Major General Benjamin. 
 Mooers, in the 80th year of his age. 
 
 The venerable man whose loss the public are called to mourn, was born 
 in Haverhill, Mass., April 1st 1758 — and consequently would have been, 
 had he lived to the first of April next, eighty years old. In 1776, when 
 he was eighteen years of age, he entered the army as a volunteer. In the 
 summer of this year, he was at Ticonderoga, at which place he read, for 
 the first time, the Declaration of Independence, adopted by Congress on 
 the 4th of July of that year. In the winter following he was appointed 
 ensign in the 1st Congress Eegiment, or as it was usually termed 'Con- 
 gress' own.' This was a favorite regiment, made up mostly of Canadian 
 refugees — said to be as bra^e and gallant a corps as any in the army. 
 This regiment was commanded by Col Moses Hazen,-' a gallant ofiicer, 
 who subsequently rose to the rank of Brigadier, but retained through the 
 war the Colonelcy of his regiment of ' Congress' own.' Ensign Mooers 
 was soon after promoted to the rank of Lieutenant and Adjutant of the 
 
 Also a native of Haverhill. 
 
HISTORY OJP HAVERHiLt. 641 
 
 Ifegiiftent in which capacity he served until the end of the war. The regi- 
 snent to which he was attached was not an idle one in the great struggle 
 ^hich was then going on, and consequently Adj't Mooers saw much mili- 
 tary service. Besides various other active duties, he was present at the 
 surrender of Gen. Burgoyne at Saratoga, and at the siege of Yorktown, 
 and at the surrender of Lord Cornwallis. 
 
 At the close of the war in 1783, he, with two other officers and 8 
 privates of his regiment (now disbanded) left the head quarters, at New- 
 burgh, and came to this country, then a perfect wilderness. There was not 
 at this time a civilizred inhabitant within the borders of this county. 
 
 Gen. Mooers has been a citizen of this county ever since he first landed, 
 now nearly fifty years." 
 
 He was the first Sheriff of this county — and represented the County 
 in the Assembly of this State four terms. He has also served four years in 
 the Senate of this State, and was chosen President pro tern of that body. 
 He became an officer in the militia at an early day, and finally rose to the 
 rank of Major General, in which capacity he was in the service of 
 the United States in 1812; and, with the detached militia, commanded 
 at the siege of Plattsburg in ISl-i, with so much credit to himself as to 
 merit the commendation of the legislature of his state, and the presenta- 
 tion of a sword. For thirtj'-eight successive years Gen, Mooers was the 
 treasurer of the County. 
 
 In all the charitable and benevolent institutions of the day. General 
 Mooers was always conspicuous — was President of the Clinton County 
 Bible Society, and of the County Temperance Society. 
 
 General Mooers sustained all the relations of life without reproach. 
 As a citizen his example is worthy of all imitation. As a husband, father, 
 neighbor or friend, he was kind and affectionate, but just. As a subject 
 of the laws of his country, he obeyed with alacrity all their obligations, 
 moral, civil and social. As a military man, he combined the rare qualifi- 
 cations of moderation and firmness. In his civil employments, he always 
 acted with sound judgment and uncompromising principle ; and he never 
 failed to secure the good will of those with whom he acted, or of his con- 
 stituents." 
 
 Newell, Harriet. Harriet Atwood, afterward Mrs. Newell, was a 
 daughter of Moses Atwood, an extensive and respected merchant of Hav- 
 erhill, where she was born October 10, 1793. ^■•■' Of a cheerful disposition 
 
 ^ The hoase in which she first saw Ihe light is still standing, and is the one next west of the First 
 Parish Church. It is partly occupied by Robert Willis, Esq., whose wife is a sister of Harritt Newell. 
 
 81 
 
642 HISTORY OF HAVERHILI,. 
 
 and ardent feelings, she early manifested a strong love of "books, and & 
 thirst for mental improvement. In the summer of 1806, she attended 
 Bradford Academy, and while there, a powerful religious awakening, in 
 which she was a participant, visited the school. During that revival, the 
 subject of our sketch became hopefully pious, and engaged in the work 
 of her Master with all the ardor for which she was so greatly distinguished 
 a few years subsequently. 
 
 In the fall of 1810, when she had just completed her seventeenth year, 
 her attention was first turned to the subject of missionary labor among 
 the heathen. Under date of October 10, of the above year, she thus 
 writes : — 
 
 " A female friend- ■' called upon us this morning. She informed me of 
 her determination to quit her native land for ever, to endure the sufferings 
 of a christian amongst heathen nations, to spend her days in India's sul- 
 try clime. How did the news affect my heart ! Is she willing to do all 
 this for God ; and shall I refuse to lend my little aid, in a land where 
 divine revelation has shed its brightest rays ? I have felt more, for the 
 salvation of the heathen, this day, than I recollect to have felt through 
 my whole past life." 
 
 A few days later, she had her first interview with her future companion 
 in life. She thus speaks of it : — " Oct 23, Mr M introduced Mr Newell 
 to our family. He appears to be an engaged christian. Expects to spend 
 his life in preaching a Savior to the benighted pagans." 
 
 (Eev. Samuel Newell was a graduate of Harvard College, and pursued 
 his studies for the ministry, at Andover. In June, 1810, he and four 
 other young men,f consecrated their future labors to the cause of foreign 
 missions, and offered their services for this object to the General Associa- 
 tion of Massachusetts, then in session at Bradford. This offer led to 
 the establishment of the " American Board of Commissioners for roreign 
 Missions," under whose direction they placed themselves.) 
 
 In the following April, Miss Atwood received a formal proposal from 
 Mr. Newell to become his wife, and with him devote her life to missionary 
 labor. The letter called for an immediate answer. She was then in Bos- 
 ton, but immediately hastened home, to ask a mother's advice. Of the 
 interview, she thus writes: — " Dejected and weary, I arrived at the dear 
 mansion where I have spent so many happy hours. My dear mother met 
 me at the door with a countenance that bespoke the tranquility of her 
 mind. '••^ " =-■' * With tears in her eyes, she said ' If a convictiou 
 
 " Miss Nancy Haseltine, afterward Mrs. Judson. 
 
 t Adoniram Judson, Jr., Samuel Nott, Jr., Samuel J, Mills, and Hall, 
 
HISTORY OF IIAVERniLL. 645 
 
 of duty, and love to the souls of the perishing heathen, lead you to India, 
 as much as I love you, Harriet, I can only say, Go.^ " She accepted the 
 proposal. 
 
 After a few months' preparation, the hour of her final departure drew 
 near. On the 6th of February, 1812, the missionaries were ordained at 
 Salem ; on the 9th of the same month, she was married to Eev. Samuel 
 Newell," and ten days afterward, Mr. and Mrs. Newell, and their mis- 
 sionary associates, Mr. and Mrs. Judson, sailed from Salem, in the Cara- 
 van, for Calcutta. 
 
 After a tedious voyage, they arrived at Calcutta on the 17th of the fol- 
 lowing June. They found the East India Company violently opposed to 
 missions, and within a short month were " ordered by the government 
 to leave the British territories, and return to America immediately." The 
 captain of the Caravan was refused a home clearance for his vessel, un- 
 less he engaged to take the missionaries with him. Finally, after many 
 trials, and perplexities, they obtained liberty to go to the Isle of France, 
 where they heard the English governor favored missions, and where there 
 was a large field of labor. 
 
 They embarked on the -Ith of August. The next day Mrs. Newell was 
 ill of a fever, but after a few days recovered, and again enjoyed a fair 
 degree of health. After nearly a month of contrary winds and bad 
 weather, during which but little progress was made, the ship sprung a-leak 
 and put about for the nearest port, which happened to be Coringa, a small 
 town on the Coromandel coast. Four days before their arrival at that 
 port, Mrs. Newell was again prostrated by sickness, but after a fortnight's 
 rest, she so far recovered as to be able to re-embark. Three weeks after 
 leaving the port, she gave birth to a daughter. Four days later, in con- 
 sequence of a severe storm, the "little Harriet " took cold, and the next 
 day expired in its mother's arms. In a few days, the symptoms of that 
 dread disease which numbers so many among its victims, and which had 
 already claimed her father and several of her family connexions, made 
 their appearance, and she gave up all hope of recovery. 
 
 On the 31st of October, they came to anchor in the harbor of Port 
 Louis. Her husband in a few days rented a small house in a healthy part 
 of the town, and removed her, but her symptoms became worse, and she 
 continued to fail. On Monday, the 30th of November, 1812 ; at the early 
 
 * From the Merrimack Intelligencer of February 15, 1812, we copy the following : — " Married, at 
 Bradford, Eev. Adoniram Judson, missionary to India, to Miss Nancy Haseltine. In this town, Rev. 
 Samuel Newell, missionary to India, to Miss Harriet Atwood." 
 
644 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 age of 1 9 years and two months ; she calmly fell asleep, and was Buried 
 at that port. 
 
 A marble monument has since been erected over her grave, with the 
 following inscription : — 
 
 " Sacred to the memory of Mrs Harriet Atwood, wife of Eev. Samuel 
 Newell, missionary at Bombay. Born, Haverhill, Mass., U. S. A., Oct. 
 10, 1793. Died, after a distressing voyage from India to this place, 
 November 30, 1812. Early devoted to Christ, her heart burned for the 
 Heathen ; for them she left her kindred and her native land, and wel- 
 comed danger and sujBFerings. Of excellent understanding, rich in accomp- 
 lishments and virtues, she was the delight of her friends, a crown to her 
 husband, and an ornament to the Missionary cause. Her short life was 
 bright, her death full of glory. Her name lives, and in all Christian 
 lands is pleading with irresistable eloquence for the heathen. This hum- 
 ble monument to her memory is erected by the American Board of 
 Commissioners for Foreign Missions." 
 
 Peaslee, Joseph, came from England, and settled in Newbury, Mass. 
 He was made a freeman in 1642, and removed to Haverhill Ijefore 1646. 
 For a time he supplied the place of a minister in Amesbury, as a lay 
 preacher, a " gifted brother," as the church records call him, and occa- 
 sionally, he practiced medicine. His wife's name was Mary. He died in 
 1661, leaving two children, Joseph and Elizabeth. 
 
 Joseph, Jr., was born at Haverhill, September 9, 1646, and died Nov- 
 ember 5, 1723. He was a physician, and married Euth Barnard. Col. 
 Nathaniel Peaslee, of this town, was his son, and was born June 25, 1682. 
 The latter married for his first wife, Judith Kimball, by whom he, had 
 Hannah, born May 1, 1703, married Joseph Badger, a merchant of Hav- 
 erhill, and was the father of Gen, Joseph Badger, of Gilmanton, N. H. : 
 Susanna, born May 10, 1712, married Eev. Christopher Sargeant, of 
 Methuen, who was the father of the Hon. Nathaniel Peaslee Sargeant, 
 Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Massachusetts. Col. Peaslee's 
 wife died August 15, 1741. He married for a second wife, Abiah Swan, 
 of Methuen, by whom he had one child, Abigail. The latter married 
 Humphrey Moody, of Haverhill, the father of William, a graduate of 
 Dartmouth College, For her second husband, Mrs. Moody married Gen. 
 James Brickett, a physician of distinction. Gen. Brickett married, for 
 his third wife, Mrs, Martha Hutchins, whose maiden name was Greelee. 
 Col. Nathaniel Peaslee was a merchant, and a large land-owner, and a 
 prominent man in the town. «- 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL, 645 
 
 Saltonstall, Hon. Gurdon, son of Nathaniel, was born in Haverhill, 
 March 27, 1666, and graduated at Harvard College in 1684, where he 
 •was distinguished as a profound scholar, and gave promise of his future 
 greatness. In May, 1688, he received a unanimous call to settle as pastor 
 of the church in New London, Conn., which call he accepted, and was or- 
 dained November 19, 1691. He was in person tall and well proportioned, 
 of dignified demeanor, of eminent intellectual endowments and acquire- 
 ments, and a graceful and impressive elocution. He was an advocate of 
 vigorous ecclesiastical authority, always striving to exalt the ministerial 
 office, to maintain its dignity, and to enlarge the powers of ecclesiastical 
 bodies ; which gave him unbounded popularity among his clerical 
 brethren. 
 
 He soon became a celebrated preacher, and so rapid was the growth of 
 his reputation, that, in 1707, upon the death of Fitz-John Winthrop, he 
 was chosen Governor by the Legislature. So great was the respect for 
 his character, that " the Assembly repealed the law which required that 
 the Governor should always be chosen from among the magistrates in nom- 
 ination, and gave liberty for the freemen to elect him from among them- 
 selves at large. Mr Saltonstall accepted of the apj)ointment, and entered 
 upon the duties of his office, January 1, 1708. He was continued in 
 the office until his death, which was very sudden, on the 20th September, 
 1724. 
 
 Hon. a ichard Saltonstall was horn in Haverhill, June 24, 1703, and 
 graduated at Harvard College in 1722. In 1726, (at the age of 23 years) 
 he was commissioned as Colonel ; and was appointed Judge of the Supe- 
 rior £3ourt, in 1736, at the age of 33 years. He was for several years 
 one of His Majesty's Council. He "was a man of talents and learning; 
 was distinguished for generous and elegant hospitality, and for his boun- 
 tiful liberality to the poor. His address was polished, affable and win- 
 ning, his temper was gentle and benevolent, and he enjoyed the love and 
 esteem of all." He married, first, January 6, 1726, Abigail, daughter of 
 Eichard Waldron ; second, March 4, 1740, Mary, daughter of John 
 Jekyll, Esq., of Boston; third, Mary, daughter of Elisha Cooke Jr., Esq., 
 of Boston. His children were — Abigail, married Col. George Watson, 
 of Plymouth ; Elizabeth ; Richard, the loyalist ; "William ; William ; 
 Nathaniel, physician, of Haverhill ; Mary, married Eev. Moses Badger ; 
 Middlecott Cooke ; and Leverett, a Captain under Cornwallis. Judge 
 Saltonstall died October 20, 1756, after a long illness, and in the 54th 
 year of his age. 
 
646 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 Col. Richard Saltonstall was the eldest son of Judge Eichard Sal- 
 tonstall, of Haverhill, where he was born, April 5, 1732. He gradu- 
 ated at Harvard College in 1751. He was appointed Colonel of the 
 regiment at the early age of twenty-two years, and was the fourth of 
 the family in succession who held the office of Colonel. In the rank 
 of Major, he was engaged in active service in the French War on Lake 
 George, and belonged to that body which capitulated at Fort William 
 Henry, August 9, 1757. When the Indians fell upon the unarmed pris- 
 oners, he fled to the woods, and very narrowly escaped death in that horrid 
 massacre. He commanded a regiment from 1760 until the end of the 
 war. Soon after this, he was appointed High Sheriff of the County of 
 Esssex. 
 
 Col. Saltonstall was a firm loyalist, and uniformly opposed the measures 
 taken in opposition to the royal government. He deemed the proceedings 
 of the British Parliament extremely inexpedient, but he never doubted 
 their right to tax their American Colonies. In the autumn of 1774, he 
 fled to Boston, and soon afterward embarked for England. He refused to 
 enter the British service, lest he should be directed to act against his 
 native country. The King, nevertheless, granted him a pension, and he 
 never returned to America. 
 
 Col. Saltonstall resided upon the family estate in Haverhill, in a liberal 
 and hospitable manner. He was characterized by integrity, frankness, 
 a benevolent disposition, polished manners, and a superior understanding 
 and knowledge of the world, which made him much beloved, and gave him 
 great influence. He died unmarried, October 6, 1785, at Kensington, Eng- 
 land, where there is a monument erected to his memory. , 
 
 Dr. Nathaniel Saltonstall, son of Judge Eichard, was born in Haver- 
 hill, February 10, 1746. At the age of ten years, upon the decease of 
 his father, he was received into the family of his uncle, Meddlecott 
 Cooke, Esq., of Boston. He graduated at Harvard College, in 1766, and 
 settled in Haverhill, where he devoted his life to the practice of medicine. 
 His classical education and general intelligence, his eminent professional 
 skill, and conscientious discharge of duty, his gentle manners and kind 
 disposition, and his strong attachment to the liberty and independence of 
 his country, acquired for him great respect in the community, and the 
 affection and entire confidence of his patients. He was remarkable for 
 his humane and assiduous attention to the poor, consoling them by his 
 friendly, cheerful demeanor, and by the medicines and other necessaries 
 which he freely supplied, without the prospect of any pecuniary remuner- 
 ation. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL, 647 
 
 At a time when all his brothers, and brothers-in-law, adhered to those 
 principles of loyalty in which they had been educated, Dr. Saltonstall 
 remained true to those principles of civil liberty and humanity which he 
 inherited from his worthy ancestor, Sir Kichard Saltonstall, and his not 
 less worthy son, Richard, of Ipswich. He was a firm and self-sacrificing 
 patriot. This conscientious adherence to his principles separated him for- 
 ever from those he most loved. It was to him a severe trial, and gave the 
 strongest proof of his sincerity, and the strength of his principles. These 
 had probably been much invigorated by his training in the patriotic Cooke 
 family. He died May 15, 1815, aged 65. 
 
 Hon. Lever ett Saltonstall, eldest son of Dr. Nathaniel, of Haverhill, 
 was born June 13, 1783, prepared for College at Phillips' Exeter Acad- 
 emy, entered Harvard University, in 1798, at the early age of 15, and 
 was graduated with distinction, in 1 802. He began the study of the law 
 with Ichabod Tucker, Esq., then of Haverhill, who subsequently, for 
 many years, was Clerk of the Courts in Essex County ; and comjjleted his 
 legal studies under the direction of the late learned and lamented Hon. 
 William Prescott, of Salem. He entered upon the practice of his profes- 
 sion in his native town, in 1805, but in May, 1808, removed to Salem, 
 Mass., where the remainder of his life was passed, and became distin- 
 guished as an advocate. He was early called upon to take part in the 
 public councils ; was a member, at various times, of the Massachusetts 
 House of Representatives; President of the State Senate, in 1831 ; first 
 Mayor of the city of Salem ; Representative to Congress ; President 
 of the Bible Society, of the Essex Agi-icultural Society, and of the Essex 
 Bar ; a prominent member of various literary and scientific institutions, 
 and of the Board of Overseers of Harvard College, from which institution 
 he received, in 1838, the honorary degree of Doctor of Laws. He ever 
 cherished an ardent afi"ection for the places of his education, and in his 
 will he made a bequest of books to the library of the Exeter Academy ; 
 and a legacy to Harvard College, to increase the fund long before be- 
 queathed to it by his ancestors. He attended every annual Commencment 
 of his Alma Mater, except two, from the time he graduated until his death. 
 As a public man, Mr. Saltonstall was an effective debater, a pleasing and 
 favorite speaker, in politics a Whig, inflexible in his principles, unwaver- 
 ing in his course, and unstained by a single suspicion of vacillation or 
 inconsistency. He was in every sense " a true son of Massachusetts," 
 and his death was mourned as a public bereavement. He died May 8, 
 1845. 
 
648 
 
 HISTORY OP HAVEUHlLLk 
 
 Sargeant, Hon. Nathaniel Peaslee, was a son of Eev. Christoplier 
 Sargeant, the first minister in Methuen, Mass. His mother was a 
 daughter of Nathaniel Peaslee, Esq., of Haverhill. He received his publie 
 education in Harvard College, where he was graduated in 1750, and soon 
 after commenced the practice of law in this town. He had the character 
 of an able and honest attorney, though never distinguished at the bar as an 
 advocate. He possessed sound judgment, and excellent learning, and but 
 few men were more respected for integrity, and uniformity of conduct. 
 He may justly be ranked among the patriots of 1770 and 1775. He was 
 not, perhaps, so ardent as some others; but he was decided in support of 
 civil freedom, and could always be depended upon, as a prudent and effi- 
 cient supporter of the ancient privileges and rights of the colonies. Mr. 
 Sargeant was a delegate from this town to the Provincial Congress, which 
 met at Cambridge, in February, 1775 ; and, in 1776, was a member of the 
 House of Representatives. In both of these bodies he was a prominent 
 working member, and was frequently placed on the most important com- 
 mittees. 
 
 After the Constitution of Massachusetts was adopted, in 1780, he had 
 a seat on the bench of the Supreme Judicial Court ; and on the appoint- 
 ment of William Cushing, to be a Judge of the Supreme Court of the 
 United States, Mr. Sargeant was made Chief Justice. As a Judge, he 
 won the respect and commendation of all, for his ability, integrity, and 
 impartiality. He died in 1792. 
 
 Sibley, Jacob, (born May, 174G, died June 25, 1831, at Hopkinton, 
 N. H.,) married Anna, daughter of Gideon George, a shoemaker and far- 
 mer of East Haverhill, Mass., whose wife, a Jewett, came to this country 
 when fourteen days old. She was born September 11, 1749, and died 
 September 20, 1828. After their wedding they rode on one horse from 
 Haverhill to his sister Stevens', on Sugar Hill in Hopkinton ; whence, 
 there being no road, they walked two miles in a narrow path, through the 
 woods, to their humble dwelling, driving before them a little spotted pig. 
 Her "fitting out" consisted of three white cups and three saucers, three 
 knives, three forks, one coverlet made of hair and tow, and one of wool. 
 In 1774, they took a journey, on horseback, to Haverhill and Stratham, 
 and back ; the mother seated behind the father, who carried his only child 
 in his arms before him. In 1776, Mr. Sibley was in the military at Ports- 
 mouth, and worked on Fort Constitution. While there, his wife, besides 
 attending to her domestic duties and taking care of her two children, hoed 
 three acres of corn upon burnt land. This was a few months before the 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 649 
 
 Ibirth of her third child. In the latter part of her life, her physical 
 strength gradually failed, till she lost entirely the power of locomotion. 
 She left ten children. — Frotn Sibley's Hist. Union, Me. 
 
 Smilev, Dr. David, was born in Haverhill, Mass., April 10, 1760. 
 At an early age, he was bound an apprentice to a Mr. Hale, in this town, 
 a shoemaker. He continued to work with his master till his seventeenth 
 year, when he enlisted in the American army. He was stationed at 
 Winter Hill for three months, the period of his enlistment, when he re- 
 turned home. He afterward enlisted again, and was at Stillwater, West 
 Point, and in New Jersey. He was finally placed in command of a small 
 guard on Fishkill Mountains, where he remained until his term of service 
 expired. In returning to Haverhill, he walked, in company with five 
 others, sixty miles in one day, and spent the greater part of his wages, in 
 the depreciated currency of the country for his day's food. In 1782, he 
 married Rachel Johnson, of the East Parish in this town, and in the same 
 year moved to Peterborough, X. H., where he worked at his trade for about 
 two years. In 1784, he moved to Alstead, N. H. Two years later, he 
 purchased a small farm in the northeast part of Peterborough, where 
 he immediately moved. In 1793, he began the study of medicine, with 
 Dr. Stephen Jewett, of Rindge, N. H. His practice commenced almost 
 simultaneously with his studies, and for many years he had a large prac- 
 tice. His ride extended into all the neighboring towns, and not unfre- 
 quently into more distant town? in other counties. Though not a regularly 
 educated physician, he enjoyed the confidence of many of the most intelli- 
 gent families, and commanded the respect of all who knew him. He 
 resided on his farm until the death of his wife, in 1842, when he went to 
 live with his son in the village of the same town. He gave up the labo- 
 rious duties of his profession only when compelled to do so by the 
 infirmities of age. He died at the same place, October 3, 1855, aged 95 
 years and nearly six months. 
 
 Varnum, Hon. John, was born in Dracut, in 1778, graduated at Har- 
 vard College, in 1798, and entered the office of Judge Smith, of Exeter, 
 as a student. In 1802, he came to Haverhill, and commenced the practice 
 of the law. He was highly successful. Liberal to a fault, warm-hearted 
 and gentlemanly in his profession, he usually had the satisfaction of con- 
 ducting his cases without giving offence to either party. He was of the 
 Federal school of politics. In 1811, he was elected to the Senate, and in 
 1826, he was elected to Congress from the Essex North District. He wag 
 re-elected in 1828. During this period he was associated in business with 
 
 82 
 
650 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 Isaac E. Howe, Esq. After he returned from Congress, he removed to 
 Lowell, and from thence to Niles, Michigan, where he died July 23, 1836, 
 after a short illness. He married, October 9, 1806, Mary Cooke, daugh- 
 ter of Dr. Nathaniel Saltonstall, of Haverhill, by whom he had three 
 sons. 
 
 White, Hon. Leonard, was a native of Haverhill, a direct descendant 
 of William White, one of the first company of settlers in Haverhill, and 
 the Eev. George Phillips, the first pastor of Watertown. He took his 
 christian name from his maternal grandfather, the Eev. Nathaniel Leon- 
 ard, of Plymouth, who was a descendant of James Leonard. His grand- 
 father, Leonard, married the daughter of Daniel Eogers, of Ipswich ; was 
 the Eegister of Probate for this County for twenty years, and a practicing 
 physician, who, on his return from a visit, was bewildered in a snow-storm 
 and perished. Mr. White was the class-mate and friend of John Quincy 
 Adams, and they were, before going to college, fellow-students with the 
 Eev. Mr. Shaw, of Haverhill. They were of the class of 1789, at Har- 
 vard College. At the period of his college life, every freshman had his 
 patron, selected by himself, in the senior class ; and Mr. White was the 
 patron of President Quincy. 
 
 Mr. White married early, Mary, the eldest daughter of Hon. Tristram 
 Dal ton, and the grand-daughter of " King " Hooper, of Marblehead. By 
 this marriage he had a numerous family. This lady died some ten years 
 previous to Mr. White, and he afterward married Mrs. Cummings. 
 
 Perhaps no man ever lived more distinguished for fidelity to every trust 
 and punctuality in the performance of every duty. He was for many 
 years Town Clerk and Treasurer, and represented his town in the Legisla- 
 ture, and his District in Congress, from 1811 to 1813. 
 
 At this period, the Merrimack Bank was incorporated, and he became 
 its first cashier, which office he held, with unsullied reputation, for a quar- 
 ter of a century, and until the infirmities of age rendered repose from its 
 arduous duties necessary. He was a real gentleman of the old school, of 
 the kindest and most cheerful disposition. He was a member of the Bap- 
 tist Church, and his old age was cheered by the benignant light and 
 cheering hopes of the gospel, in which he was a firm believer, and an 
 humble and faithful follower. Modest, retiring, and unassuming, he en- 
 joyed the most unbounded confidence and trust in his integrity. For the 
 last two years of his life, he declined, under the repeated attacks of paraly- 
 sis, and his death was as quiet and undisturbed as an infant's sleep ; and 
 on his tomb-stone maybe most emphatically inscribed — "Here lies an 
 honest man." He died October 10, 1849, aged 82 years. 
 
oJ^^^9ta^/^i^ 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 651 
 
 WooDBRiDGE, Benjamin, who married Mary, the daugliter of Bev. John 
 Ward, (see page 168) was probably a son of John Woodbridge, who was 
 born in Stanton, Wiltshire, in 1613, came to New England in 1634, and 
 to Newbury in 1635. Th« latter married Mercy Dudley, daughter of 
 Gov. Thomas Dudley, and died March 17, 1695. He was town register 
 of Newbury, in 1636. 
 
652 HISTORY 0¥ HAVERHILI,^ 
 
 CHAPTEK XXXI. 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 New.spapers. — The first Tewepaper published in ibis town, was tLe 
 " Guardian of Freedom. Printed and published every Friday morning, 
 by E Ladd and S Bragg, in Haverhill (Massachusetts,) 9s. pr. ann." 
 The first number was issued September 6, 1793. It contained sixteen 
 columns of print, each fifteen and one-half inches long and two and one- 
 quarter inches wide, nearly all of which was in small pica type. At first, 
 the paper hardly contained a " stickful " of advertisements, and it was 
 nearly two years before they had increased so as to occupy one whole 
 column. In politics, the paper was classed as Federal. The publication 
 day was changed in a few weeks, to Mondays, and still later, to Thurs- 
 days. =••' May 10th, 1791, (vol. 1, No. 29,) Eliphalet Ladd assumed the 
 sole proprietorship of the paper. On the 29th of the same month, (vol. 
 1, No. 35,) he was succeeded by Samuel Aiken, who, four weeks after- 
 ward, (June 26th, vol. 1, No. 40,) transferred his interest to Benjamin 
 Edes, Jr. 
 
 In 1798, the above paper was discontinued, but was soon succeeded by 
 another, styled the Impartial Herald. This enjoyed an existence of only 
 two years, however, when it, in turn, was allowed to die, for want of 
 support. 
 
 In November, 1800, The Observer was started, by Galen H. Fay. This 
 was continued until December 4, 1804, when the establishment was sold 
 to Francis Gould, who changed the name of the paper to Haverhill 
 Museum. The Museum was published two years, (until November 22, 
 1806, — just two volumes,) when it was discontinued, for want of sup- 
 port. The printing oflice, however, was not abandoned. 
 
 - The first newspaper publishel in America, was the Boston News Letter, April 24, 1704. In 1771, 
 there were but twtnty-flve published in America. The first published in this county, was the Essex 
 Gazette, at Salem, in 1768. The first printing-press in the country, was established at Cambridge. Mass., 
 in 1639. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 653 
 
 In 180S, Wm. B, Allen, who had succeeded G-ould in the printing busi- 
 ness, commenced the publication of a paper, styled the Merrimack 
 Intelligencer. In February, 1812, Mr. Allen formed a partnership with 
 his brother, and the paper was published by the firm of Wm. B. & H. Gr. 
 Allen. August 1, 1813, the senior member of the firm disposed of his 
 entire interest to his partner, who continued the paper until the following 
 January, (January 1, 1814,) when he sold out his paper, printing-office, 
 and book-store, to William Greenough and Xathan Burrill."- 
 
 Mr. Burrill was a book-binder, and the first one in the town. He 
 removed here, and commenced the business, in February, 1809. Mr. 
 Greenough was a printer, and removed his printing-office from Boston to 
 Haverhill, on the breaking out of the War of 1812. 
 
 November 5, 1814, Mr. Greenough sold out his interest to Thomas 
 Tileston, who had been his apprentice, and the three branches of business 
 were carried on, under the style of Burrill & Tileston, until January, 
 1818, when the partnership was dissolved, and the property divided. The 
 Intelligencer had never paid its cost, and when the above firm dissolved, it 
 was made over to Peter W. Green, (afterward Nathaniel Green) as a gift. 
 Mr. Tileston went to New York, where he founded one of the earliest and 
 largest wholesale shoe-houses in that city — that of Spofford & Tileston. 
 Mr. Burrill continued to carry on the book-binding and book-selling busi- 
 ness, as heretofore. 
 
 After lingering a few weeks in the hands of Mr. Green, the Intelligen- 
 cer died. The same gentleman soon after started a new paper, called the 
 Essex Patriot. This was a " democratic " newspaper, and the first of the 
 kind in town, — • the others mentioned having all been Federal organs. 
 Mr. Green continued to publish the Patriot about three years, when he 
 sqld out to William Hastings. 
 
 The gradual fading out of the federal sheet, and the establishment of 
 the democratic Patriot, was not particularly agreeable to tiie federalists, 
 and a new paper was soon started. This was the Haverhill Gazette, by 
 Nathan Burrill and Caleb Hersey, under the style of Burrill & Hersey. 
 The first number was issued January 6, 1821. It was published Saturdays, 
 at two dollars per annum, and was edited by Mr. Hersey. Mr. Burrill 
 having just received admission into the Masonic fraternity, signified his 
 high appreciation of that mystic brotherhood, by displaying the Masonic 
 emblems at the head of his paper. Mr. Hersey continued as editor and 
 
 ' A book -store had been kept in town, in connection with the printing business, since 1804, or perhaps 
 earlier. 
 
654 HISTOKT OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 joint proprietor, until the close of the second volume, when he sold out 
 his interest to his partner, and retired from the editorial chair, leaving the 
 whole concern in the hands of Mr. Burrill. 
 
 The able manner in which the Gazette was conducted, having completely 
 eclipsed its rival, the Patriot, the two papers were consolidated, February 
 1, 1823, under the name of the Haverhill Gazette and Essex Patriot, — 
 " W. Hastings, editor and printer, N. Burrill, proprietor and publisher." 
 This change, however, was merely a plan to cover the actual death of the 
 Patriot, and in a little less than two months, (March 29) Mr. Hastings 
 retired from the establishment altogether. 
 
 In 1824, Mr. Burrill sold out his printing business, and paper, to Isaac 
 E. Howe, Esq., and the bookstore to Mr. James Gale.* Mr. Howe edited 
 and published the paper until October, 1826, when he engaged the services 
 of Abijah W. Thayer to edit and superintend its publication.! 
 
 In February, 1827, Mr. Thayer purchased the establishment, changed 
 the name of the paper to the Essex Gazette, and assumed its entire con- 
 trol. Mr. Thayer was a native of Peterborough, N. H., and served his 
 apprenticeship to the printing business, in Boston. In 1817, he worked 
 in Andover, where he became acquainted with Caleb Hersey, a fellow- 
 journeyman. When Messrs. Burrill & Hersey started the Gazette, in 
 January, 1821, Mr. Thayer was engaged to superintend its publication, 
 in which he took an active interest. In May, 1822, he removed to the 
 State of Maine, where he was connected with the Independent Statesman, 
 at first as editor, and subsequently as editor and proprietor. From Octo- 
 ber, 1826, to July 1835, Mr. Thayer resided in this town, during which 
 time he was one of our most active, useful, and respected citizens. He 
 was one of the first to enlist in the temperance movement, — was the Sec- 
 retary of the first meeting, and the first Secretary of the first society when 
 organized, in which office he continued until his removal from the town. 
 He early advocated the cause in his paper, but such was the opposition to 
 the movement, that in a short time he lost about four hundred subscribers. 
 His Gazette was the jirst political paper that ever came out in advocacy 
 of total abstinence from intoxicating liquors, and the second of any kind, 
 
 o While Mr. Burrill was connected with the printing business in this town, quite a large numher of 
 books were printed at his office. Some of them were published by the several firms with which Mr. 
 Burrill was connected, but the greater part were printed for booksellers in Boston, and Salem. Among 
 the books thus printed was the Bible, Watts' Psalms and Hymns, Murray's English Reader, Watts' 
 World to Come, Beauties of Masonry, etc. 
 
 t During this period, E. W. Beinhart was, for a short time, editor, and John Varnum, Esq., joint 
 proprietor with Mr. Howe. Reinhart afterward started the Daily Republican, at Baltimore ; and, stil' 
 later, published the Virginia Advocate, at Charlotteville, Va. 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERniLL. 6,55 
 
 either in America, or in the world ! When the movement was commenced 
 in Haverhill, there wore twenty-nine places in town where liquors were 
 sold, but in five years from that time there was not a single place where 
 it was openly sold, and but one where it was supposed to be sold clandes- 
 tinely. As a political paper, the Gazette was at that time classed among 
 the very first in the county and State. 
 
 January 26, 1828, H. B. Brewster issued a prospectus for a new weekly 
 paper) to be called the Haverhill Recorder ; "impartial" in politics and 
 religion. But it was never issued. 
 
 February 4, 1832, Mr. Thayer issued proposals to publish a semi- 
 weekly paper, under the name of the Haverhill Advertiser. The price 
 was to be $2.50 per annum, and it was to be neutral in politics. Suffi- 
 cient encouragement not being offered, the paper was never issued. 
 
 May 5, 1832, Mr. Thayer commenced the publication of the Christian 
 Messenger, a small weekly newspaper, of which he was principal editor, 
 assisted by Eev. Dudley Phelps, and Eev. Abijah Cross. It only reached 
 a circulation of four hundred copies, and was discontinued February 23, 
 1833, after an issue of thirty-two numbers. 
 
 In the same year (1832) a political campaign paper was established in 
 the town, under the name of the Haverhill Iris. Edwin Harriman, 
 editor. It was started principally to advocate the election of Caleb Gush- 
 ing to Congress. It was published about a year, when it was re moved to 
 Methuen. Harriman was subsequently (1838) associate editor of the 
 Nashville (Tenn.) Banner. We believe he is now a resident reporter for 
 the press, at Washington, D. C. 
 
 May 4, 1834, Mr. Thayer issued proposals to publish the Essex Gazette 
 semi- weekly, at $2.50 per annum, provided sufficient encouragement' was 
 offered to warrant the undertaking. But the project was abandoned before 
 the change was made. 
 
 In July, 1834, Eev. Thomas G-. Famsworth and Eben. H. Safford, 
 commenced the publication of tte Essex Banner and Haverhill Adver- 
 tiser, a weekly democratic paper, at $2 per annum. The former gentleman 
 was editor, and the latter superintended the publication. At the close of 
 the second volume, (June 25, 1836,) Mr. Farnsworth retired from the 
 editorial chair, and left the whole concern in the hands of his partner. 
 From this time until January 6, 1838, the paper was edited by " an asso- 
 ciation of gentlemen." At the latter date, William Taggart, Esq., became 
 editor and joint proprietor, and so continued until March, 11, 1843, when 
 Mr. Safford again assumed the sole charge and proprietorship of the paper. 
 
656 HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 From that time, until the present, Mr. Safford has continued to be the 
 editor, proprietor, and publisher, with the exception of a short period, 
 under the presidential administration of James Buchanan, when the 
 mechanical department of the paper was under the charge of C. C. Dear- 
 born. 
 
 With the exception of six months in 1830, (from January 1 to July 10) 
 when John Gr. Whittier occupied the editorial chair, =■■= Mr. Thayer was 
 sole editor, publisher, and proprietor of the Essex Gazette, from the time 
 already mentioned, until 1835. In July of that year, he sold the estab- 
 lishment to Erastus Brooks, (who had been a former apprentice of his, at 
 Portland, of which place Mr. Brooks was a native,) and removed from 
 town.f 
 
 Soon after purchasing the establishment, Mr. Brooks received an ap- 
 pointment in one of the departments at Washington, to which city he 
 removed, but continued the nominal editor of the Gazette, which was then 
 published by J. H. Farwell, until the following spring. 
 
 May 4, 1836, John G-. Whittier again assumed the editorial charge of 
 the Gazette, Mr. Brooks continuing to furnish " letters from Washington," 
 until the close of the volume. At the same time, Jacob Caldwell became 
 proprietor of the paper, taking possession at the close of the volume. 
 
 September 17, of the same year. Dr. Jeremiah SpofFord became asso- 
 ciated with Mr. Whittier, taking the position of political editor. 
 
 In October, Dr. Spofford became joint proprietor with Mr. Caldwell. 
 December 17, Mr. Whittier retired from the editorial chair, and Dr. 
 Spoflford remained sole proprietor. 
 
 January 7, 1837, the name of the paper was changed to its original one 
 — Haverhill Gazette. It was now published by SpofFord & Harris. At 
 the close of the volume, in 1838, (December 28) John H. Harris became 
 associate editor, as well as proprietor and publisher, and so continued un- 
 til July 5, 1839, when he purchased the entire interest of his partner, 
 who retired from the concern, after a connection of three years. 
 
 o Friend Whittier was editor of the Boston Manufacturer, in 1828. Ho left the Gazette, in 1830, to 
 take editorial charge of the New England Review, at Hartford, Conn., taking the place of George D. 
 Prentice, who went to Louisville, Ky., to edit the Louisville Journal, a paper established to advocate 
 the election of Henry CUiy to the Presidency. Mr. Whittier was connected with the Review about 
 eighteen months. 
 
 t Since he removed from Haverhill, Mr. Thayer has been connected with papers in Philadelphia, 
 Northampton, and Worcester. He is at present residing in Northampton, Mass., beloved and respected 
 in every relation of life. 
 
niSTORT OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 ■65? 
 
 May 1, 1840, Mr. Harris sold the establishment to Wm. E. P. Rodgers, 
 who continued to edit and publish the paper until October 1, 1843, when 
 he was succeeded by its present editor and proprietor, Edward Gr. Eroth- 
 ingham, Esq. 
 
 Eor many years past, Dr. SpofFord has regularly contributed to its 
 editorial columns, being virtually its political editor. Since the decease 
 of the Whig party, the Gazette has advocated the interests of the so-called 
 Eepublican party. 
 
 In 1845, The Star in the East, a religious (christian) weekly quarto 
 paper, edited by Eev. H. P. Guilford, was published in this town for a 
 few months, by E. G. Erothingham. 
 
 May 1, 1856, the first number of the Haverhill American Citizen, a 
 weekly paper, was issued by John M. Harding, (son of Isaac) of this 
 town. The paper, which was American in politics, was printed at Law- 
 rence. The publication was continued but three months, when (August 
 2, 1856,) the subscription list was transferred to the Haverhill Gazette. 
 
 In April, 1857, The Masonic Journal, a monthly, quarto paper, George 
 W. Chase, editor and proprietor, was removed from Brunswick, Maine, to 
 this town.''' In July 1859, it was changed to a semi-monthly, and so 
 continued until January 1, 1860, when it was purchased by Eev. Cyril 
 Pearl, who immediately removed the office of publication to Portland, 
 Maine. 
 
 January 1, 1859, Z. E. Stone, formerly editor and proprietor of the 
 American Citizen, Lowell, Mass., commenced the publication of the Tri- 
 Weehly Publisher, " an independent paper," at $3.00 per annum. The 
 enterprise met with favor, and the new sheet was at once placed on a per- 
 manent footing. In January, 1860, Mr. Stone disposed of his establish- 
 ment to Messrs. E. G. Woodward and J. M. Palmer, both natives of 
 Haverhill, who have continued its publication to the present time. The 
 paper is issued Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday evenings. 
 
 In 1859, Messrs. D. P. Bodfish and A. L. Kimball commenced the pub- 
 lication of a weekly paper called the Essex County Democrat. It was 
 ■established as the organ of the administration wing of the democratic 
 party. It is now published by Mr. Kimball. 
 
 We have, therefore, at this time, (July 1, 1861,) four newspapers pub- 
 lished in the town, viz. : the Haverhill Gazette, Essex Banner, Tri- Weekly 
 Publisher, and Essex County Democrat, with an aggregate circulation of 
 a little over four thousand copies per week. 
 
 o From June, 1855, to March, 1857, Mr. Chase was editor and proprietor, of the Brunswick TeU- 
 igraph, a weekly paper, at Brunswick, Maine. 
 
 83 
 
658 HISTORY OF HATERHILL. 
 
 DtTSTON Monument Association. — This Association, wHcli originated 
 in the West Parish, was organized in October, 1855, for the purpose of 
 purchasing, enclosing, and improving the site of the house from which 
 Hannah Duston was taken by the Indians, in 1697, and erecting thereon 
 a monument to her memory. Charles Corliss was chosen President, and 
 Greorge CoflBn, Secretary. A deed of the supposed site of the house was 
 secured October 15, 1855, (Essex Keg. Book 520, p. 287). Soon after, 
 (January 22 and 23, 1856,) a levee was held in the Town Hall, which 
 realized the handsome sum of $523.39, for the Association. Among the 
 articles on exhibition at the levee, were, the gun which Mrs. Duston took 
 from the Indians at the time of her escape ; the scalping-knife said to have 
 been used upon the occasion ; a tankard, presented to Mrs, Duston and 
 Mrs. Neffe, by Gov. Nicholson, of Maryland ; a pair of tongs, and a plat- 
 ter, formerly belonging to Mrs. Duston ; and the pocket-book of Thomas 
 Duston. 
 
 In March, 1856, the Association was incorporated, by special act of the 
 Legislature. On the first day of June, 1861, a handsome monument, of 
 Italian marble, five feet square and twenty-four feet high, resting upon a 
 base of granite, was erected by the Association, at an expense of about 
 $1,200. The tablets contain the following inscriptions: — 
 
 " Hannah, dau. of Michael and Hannah Emerson, wife of Thomas Dus- 
 tin, born in this town Dec 23, 1657. Captured by the Indians March 15, 
 1697, (at which time her babe, then but six days old, was barbarously 
 murdered, by having its brains dashed out against a tree) and taken to an 
 island in the Merrimack, at Pennacook, now Concord, N H. On the night 
 of April 29, 1697, assisted by Mary Nefi^, and Samuel Lennardson, she 
 killed ten of the twelve savages in the wigwam, and taking their scalps 
 and her captor's gun, as trophies of her remarkable exploit, she embarked 
 on the waters of the Merrimack, and after much sufi'ering arrived at her 
 home in safety. 
 
 Thomas Dustin, on the memorable loth of March, 1697, when his 
 house was attacked and burned, and his wife captured, by the savages, 
 heroically defended his seven children, & successfully covered their retreat 
 to a garrison. 
 
 Thomas Dustin, ^ Hannah Emerson, married Dec 3, 1677. Children : 
 Hannah, born Aug 22, 1678; Elizabeth, born May 7, 1680; Mary, b 
 Nov 4, 1781, died Oct 18, 1696 ; Thomas, born Jan 5, 1683 ; Nathaniel, 
 born May 16, 1685; John, born Feb 2, 1686, died Jan 28, 1690; Sarah, 
 born July 4, 1688 ; Abigail, born Oct — 1690; Jonathan, born Jan 15, 
 1691-2; Timothy, born Sept 14, 1694; Mehetable, born Sept 14, 1694, 
 
HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 659 
 
 died Dec 16, 1G94 ; Martha, horn March 9, 1696-7, died March 15, 
 1696-7 ; Lydia, horn Oct 4, 1698."- 
 
 Slavery in Haverhill, — That negroes were actually hought and sold, 
 and thus distinctly recognized as property, in this town, is placed heyond 
 a doubt by documentary evidence still in existence. Through the kind- 
 ness of Wm. G. Brooks, Esq., of Boston, (a great>-grandson of Eev. John 
 Brown, of this town,) we have been furnished with the following, copied 
 from the original papers, now in his possession : — 
 
 " Know all Men by these Presents — that I Thomas Euss of Suncook 
 in County of Middlesex and Province of JMassachusetts Bay in New Eng- 
 land, Cordwainer, do for and in consideration of the sum of One Hundred 
 Pounds to me in hand paid by Benjamin Emerson of Haverhill in County 
 of Essex and Province above mentioned — Husbandman, sell aliene convey 
 and confirm unto him, the above Benj. Emerson his Heirs & Assigns — 
 My Negro Boy named Cesur, being about seven years old, for and during 
 his natural life — In witness whereof I the above named Thomas Piuss 
 have hereunto set my hand and seal this tenth day of July 1739 and in 
 the Thirteenth Year of the Eeign of our Sovereign Lord George the Second 
 King of Great Britain. 
 
 Signed, sealed and Delivered 
 
 In presence of us Thos Euss. 
 
 John Cogswell 
 Joseph Atwood." 
 
 " Haverhill June 16, 1740 
 To all peopell to Home this shall Combe 
 
 Know ye yt I Benjman Emmeson of Haverhill In ye County of Essex 
 & province of ye Mashittusetts Bay In New England — yeoman — 
 
 for & in Consideration of one Hundred pounds In Hand paid to me by 
 Nathll Cogswell of Haverhill aford Trader do make over & sell con vay to 
 Him my negrow Boy seser In all Eespts as fully & absolutely as He was 
 Con veyed to me In ye face of this Bill of sale — furthermore I do warrant 
 and defend Him from all parties what so ever to ye above Named Nathll 
 Coggswell, During his Natural life as witness my hand ye day and Year 
 above written. 
 
 witness, Benjamin Emerson. 
 
 Nath Woodman 
 Jabez Emerson." 
 
 * We ought, in justice, to add, that, by a strange oversight on the part of the Monument Committee, 
 the name in these inscriptions is spelled "Dustin," instead of " Duston," by which name the Association 
 was incorporated ; and also, that, through the unwarrantable liberties taken by the engraver with the 
 copy furnished him, the first inscription given above is rendered positively unintelligible, except to one 
 familiar with the facts it professes to record. The latter may yet be corrected, and we hope it will be 
 done. 
 
S6» 
 
 HISTOKY OF HAVERHILL. 
 
 " HaverMll Aug 23, 1742 
 Know all men by these Presents that I Nathl Cogswell of Haverliill in 
 ye County of Essex and Province of ye Massachusetts Bay in New Eng- 
 land, Trader for and in consideration of One Hundred & fifteen Pounds to 
 me in hand paid Do make Over, Sell & Convey to Saml Phillips Jr of 
 Andover, Trader, my Negro Boy Cesar mentioned ahove & in the Face 
 of this Bill of Sale : this I do as Pully, Freely and as absolutely as 
 may be. 
 
 Moreover I do Hereby Binde & Oblige myself to Warrant and Defend 
 sd Negro from ye lawfull Claims & Demands of any person or Persons 
 whatsoever to ye above Saml Phillips During sd Negro's life. 
 
 As witness my Hand & Seal Nathl Cogswell. 
 "Witnessed by 
 
 Nathaniel Walker 
 Jonathan Buck." 
 
 Population and Valuation of Haverhill. 
 
 Population. Valuation. 
 
 1764 1,920 
 
 1767 £4791.13.4 
 
 1790 2,408 $15,194 11 
 
 1800 2,730 22,350 50 
 
 1810 2.682 32,94116 
 
 1820 3,070 37,540 45 
 
 Population. Valuation. 
 
 1830 3,912 $ 926,556 38 
 
 1840 4,336 1,224,379 00 
 
 1850 5,754 2,243,497 00 
 
 1855 7,932 
 
 1860 9,995 5,450,782 00 
 
 Births, Marriages and Deaths, from 1845 to I860.-' 
 
 Marriages. Deaths. 
 
 1845. 
 1846. 
 1847. 
 1848. 
 1849. 
 1850. 
 1851. 
 1852. 
 
 .106. 
 .104. 
 
 .140. 
 . 90. 
 .138. 
 
 .182. 
 .190. 
 
 38. 
 41. 
 46. 
 37. 
 43. 
 76. 
 ,135 
 83. 
 
 74 
 58 
 21 
 20 
 61 
 94 
 99 
 107 
 
 Births 
 
 1853 203, 
 
 1854 231. 
 
 1855 202, 
 
 1856 256 
 
 1857 279, 
 
 1858 301 
 
 1859 298 
 
 1860 312 
 
 Marriages. Deaths. 
 
 ..141 96 
 
 ..115 141 
 
 ..113 95 
 
 ..119 122 
 
 ..101 128 
 
 ..106 126 
 
 ..133 127 
 
 ..126 164 
 
 * Taken from the State Registi-ation Reports. 
 
HISTORY OF nATERIIILL. 
 
 661 
 
 List of Members of CoNaRESS from Haverhill, 
 
 1797 to 1801— Bailey Bartlett, 
 1811 to 1813— Leonard White 
 
 182G to 1830 — JohnVarnum, 
 1848 to 1852 — James H. Duncan. 
 
 List of State Senators from -Haverhill. 
 
 1844 and 1845— Alfred Kittredge, 
 1848— Ezekiel J. M. Hale. 
 1853— Nathaniel S. Howe, 
 1857— Caleb D. Hunking, 
 1860 — Christopher Tompkins. 
 
 1789— Bailey Bartlett, 
 
 1810— Israel Bartlett, 
 
 1811 — John Varnum, 
 
 1816 to 1821— Israel Bartlett, 
 
 1828 to 1831— James H. Duncan, 
 
 1833 — Grilman Parker, 
 
 List of the Eepresentatives of Haverhill. 
 
 1645 
 1654- 
 1655 
 1660- 
 1661 
 1666- 
 1667- 
 1668- 
 1669 
 1672. 
 1673. 
 1674 
 1675. 
 1676 
 1680 
 1681 
 1682 
 1683 
 1684 
 1685 
 1687 
 1689 
 1691 
 
 1692 
 
 1693 
 
 1694 
 1695 
 1697 
 1698 
 1699 
 1700 
 1701 
 1702 
 
 to 1654 — Kobert Clement, 
 —John Clement, 
 to 1660— None, 
 —John Davis, 2d session, 
 to 1666 — None, 
 —Nathaniel Saltonstall, 
 —Henry Palmer, 
 —William Davis, 
 to 1672— Nath'i Saltonstall, 
 — G-eorge Brown, 
 —Humphrey Davy, 2d session, 
 —Henry Palmer, 
 —George Brown, 
 to 1680 — Henry Palmer, 
 — Greorge Brown, 
 —Daniel Heudrick, 
 — None, 
 
 Peter Ayer, 
 — Kobert Swan, 
 to 1686 — Peter Ayer, 
 to 1689— None, 
 to 1690— Peter Ayer, 
 — John Johnson, 
 f George Brown, 
 ( Samuel Hutchins, 
 j Daniel Ladd, 
 \ Thomas Hart, 
 —Daniel Ladd, 
 and 1696 — Peter Ayer, 
 — John Page, 
 — Peter Ayer, 
 
 Richard Saltonstall, 
 — John AVhite, 
 
 Samuel Ayer, 
 -^John White, 
 
 1703 
 
 f John White, 1 st session. 
 
 \ John Haseltine, 2d session, 
 1704 and 1705 — Samuel Watts, 
 1706 and 1707 — James Saunders, 
 1708- John White, 
 1709 — James Saunders, 
 1710 to 1713— John Haseltine, 
 1713— John White, 
 1714 — John Haseltine, 
 1715 and 1716— John White, 
 1717 — Amos Singletary, 
 1718 — John Saunders, 
 1719— John White, 
 1720 to 1726— John Saunders, 
 1726 and 1727 — James Saunders, 
 1728 and 1729 — Pdchard Saltonstall 
 1730 to 1733 — Nathan Webster, 
 1733 and 1734— William White, 
 1735 and 1736 — Pichard Saltonstall 
 1737 — Nathaniel Peasley, 
 1738 — Eichard Saltonstall, 
 1739 to 1742— Nathaniel Peasley, 
 1742 — Eichard Hazzen, 
 1743— Eichard Saltonstall, 
 1744 and 1745— Phillip Haseltine, 
 1746 to 1749— Nathaniel Peasley, 
 1749 and 1750 — Nathaniel Saunders 
 1751 — John Haseltine, 
 1752 and 1753 — Nathaniel Peasley, 
 1754 — Eichard Saltonstall, 
 1755 to 1761— David Marsh, 
 1761 to 1769 — Eichard Saltonstall, 
 1769 and 1770 — Samuel Bachellor, 
 1771 to 1776 — Jonathan AVebster jr 
 
662 
 
 HISTORY OP HAVERHILL. 
 
 1776 
 
 1777 
 1781 
 1784 
 1786 
 1787 
 
 1788 
 
 1789 
 
 1791 
 
 1792 
 1796 
 1797 
 1799 
 1800 
 1801 
 1802 
 1804 
 1807 
 1809 
 1810 
 1812 
 18.19 
 1820 
 1823 
 1825 
 1826 
 
 1827 
 1828 
 
 1829 
 
 1830 
 1831 
 
 1832 
 1833 
 
 List of Espresentatives 
 
 f Jon a. Webster, 
 
 I Nath'l P. Sargeant, 
 to 1781 — Jonathan Webster, 
 to 1784— Bailey Bartlett, 
 to 1785 — Samuel White, 
 
 — Nathaniel Marsh, 
 
 — Isaac Osgood, 
 J Bailey Bartlett, 
 \ Nathaniel Marsh, 
 and 1790 — Nathaniel Marsh, 
 f Francis Carr, 
 I Samuel Blodgett, 
 to 1796 — Francis Carr, 
 
 — None, 
 and 1798 — Nathaniel Marsh, 
 
 — Benjamin Willis, 
 
 — Benjamin Willis, 
 
 — None, 
 
 and 1803 — Francis Carr, 
 to 1807— David How, 
 and 1808 — James Smiley, 
 
 — Leonard White 
 and 1811 — Ebenezer Gage, 
 to 1819— David How, 
 
 — Charles AVhite, 
 to 1823— Moses Wingate, 
 and 1824— Enoch Foot, 
 
 — Stephen Minot, 
 
 — None, 
 f Moses Wingate 
 (^ James H. Duncan, 
 j Charles White, 
 I John Brickett, jr., 
 
 Thomas Harding, 
 
 John Brickett, jr., 
 
 William Bachellor 
 
 Thomas Harding, 
 
 William Bachellor, 
 
 John Brickett, jr., 
 
 Caleb B. LeBosquet, 
 C Caleb B. LeBosquet, 
 J Thomas Gr. Farnsworth, 
 } Ephraim Corliss, 
 (^ James Davis, 
 C William Bacheller, 
 j Caleb B. LeBosquet, 
 1 George Keeley, 
 1^ Thomas G. Farnsworth, 
 
 1834 
 
 1835 
 
 1836 
 
 1837 
 
 1838 
 
 1839 
 
 1840 
 
 1841 
 
 1842 
 
 1843 
 1845 
 
 1846 
 
 1847 
 
 1848 
 1849 
 
 1850 
 
 1851 
 
 1852 
 
 1853 
 1854 
 
 — Continued. 
 
 {Ephraim Corliss, 
 Thomas G. Farnsworth, 
 Daniel P. McQuesten, 
 Nathan Webster, 
 ( Jacob How, 
 J Jesse Smith, 
 I John G. Whittier, 
 1^ Leonard Whittier, 
 f James Davis, 
 Elbridge G. Eaton, 
 Ward Haselton, 
 Nathan AVebster, 
 r Joseph Ayer; 
 James Davis, 
 -| Elbridge G. Eaton, 
 I Ward Hazeltine, 
 (^ Nathan Webster, 
 f Charles Carleton, 
 J William D. S. Chase, 
 } James H Duncan, 
 (^ Leonard Whittier, 
 Charles Carleton, 
 William D. S. Chase, 
 James H. Duncan, 
 Samuel Johnson, 
 f Jonathan Crowell, 
 Samuel Johnson. 
 Alfred Kitredge, 
 Eobert Stuart, 
 Jonathan Crowell, 
 Alfred Kittredge, 
 Eev. James E. Cushing, 
 Caleb Hersey, 
 and 1844 — None, 
 
 — Hazen Morse, 
 ( Daniel F. Fitts, 
 \ James Hale, 
 
 — None, 
 
 — Benjamin Page, 
 
 — None, 
 
 I Charles B. Hall, 
 \ Lemuel Leonards, 
 
 — None, 
 
 J Samuel Brainard, 
 I John B. Nichols, 
 j Samuel Brainard, 
 ( John B. Nichols, 
 
 — None, 
 
HISTORY OF HAVERHILL. 663 
 
 List of Eeprbsentatives — Continued. 
 
 ^Qt^r-S Elbridge W. Chase, i qho i James H. Duncan, 
 
 ^^^^ 1 Jesse Simonds, ^^ 1 Nathan S. Kimball, 
 
 ,Qra J Truman M. Martyn, ,Qrq j Nathan S. Kimball, 
 
 i »o b I ^^Y\\\\^m Taggart, ^ "^ ( James Russell, 
 
 10KT i Jesse Simonds, -kqccs ^ -^Q.o^ ( Levi C. Wadleigh, 
 
 1857 \ -nr-iT m ^ 1860 and 1861 k ^ -w rw. 
 
 \ William Taggart, (. George W. Chase. 
 
ACKNOWLEDGMENT. 
 
 Peevious to soliciting subscriptions for this History of Haverhill^ a 
 ^Prospectus was issued, wliich contained the following proposition : 
 
 *' As ' cash in hand ' is no small advantage in purchasing material, and 
 contracting for labor ; and as it is well worth an effort to avoid all chances 
 for embarrassments by the neglect or failure of subscribers to comply with 
 the terms * cash on delivery,' we make the following proposition: — A 
 list of the names of those who advance the price of the book, at the time 
 of entering their subscription, shall be published in the book itself. It is 
 hoped that such an ' honorable mention ' may be sufficient to insure a 
 large proportion of advance payments." 
 
 We now take j^leasure in publishing the names of those who have respon- 
 ded to our request, and to whom our thanks are due for their generous 
 and timely aid : — 
 
 Geo. Johnson, Esq., 
 Hon. J. H. Duncan, 
 Moses How, 
 E. A. Porter, 
 E. C. How, 
 C. B. Emerson, 
 Moses E. French, 
 Stephen Chase, 
 Eustis Chase, 
 L. K. George, 
 John r. Eandall, 
 Ebenezer Webster, 
 Erank C. Swan, 
 Geo. T. Brown, 
 
 A. W. Davis, 
 Joseph Gubtal, 
 John A. Moody, 
 J. B. Swett, 
 Charlotte H. Pettengill, 
 Walter S. Ordway, 
 A. H. Adams, 
 A. AY. Chase, 
 Walter Griffin, 
 Calvin How, 
 D. D. Elanders, 
 Leverett W. Johnson, 
 Laburton Johnson, 
 Daniel Eitts, 
 
 Erancis J. Stevens,M.D. James Leach, 
 Charles E. Heath, L. P. Shattuck, 
 
 Charles C. Hills, James A. Bartlett, 
 
 Charles J. Taggart, Geo. K. Chase, 
 
 E. G. Frothingham, Jr., K M. Ingalls, 
 
 Daniel Palmer, 
 John E. Gale, 
 E. Stuart Chase, 
 Charles W. Chase, 
 Samuel Chase 
 Alfred Kittredge, 
 Geo. H. Hoyt, 
 Geo. Cogswell, M. D., 
 David P. Harmon, 
 Walter Goodell, 
 William B. Eaton, 
 William Caldwell, 
 
 Eucien George, 
 Enoch Ordway, 
 N. M. Edwards, 
 Geo. O. Harmon, 
 Warren Ordway, 
 C. W. Boynton, 
 William Lucy, 
 Benj. Kimball, 2d, 
 Moses D. George, 
 Geo. W. Ordway, 
 J. G. S. Little, 
 N. H. Farnsworth, 
 
 Geo. W, Day, 
 Irah E. Chase, M. D., 
 Edward White, 
 Edward White, jr., 
 Tristram Dalton White, 
 Mary Dalton White, 
 Leonard Dalton White, 
 John L. White, 
 
 E. H. White, 
 
 F. White, 
 Abner W. Pollard, 
 Abijah W. Thayer, 
 Fisher Howe, 
 James How, 
 Benjamin AV. How, 
 Mary T. AYaldron, 
 John AV, Dean, 
 AYm. 0. Haskell, 
 Ann D. Bartlett, 
 John Bartlett, 
 Mrs. AYm. Jarvis, 
 
 " Margaret Longley, 
 " C. Meachaud, 
 
 Edwin Bartlett, 
 
 Eben'r Porter, 
 
 Leverett Kimball, 
 
 Hazen Morse, 
 
 E. E. Stimpson, 
 
 Benj. E. Sawyer, 
 
 Sarah B. Putnam, 
 
 Thos. G. Odiorne. 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 Aljorigineea of New England 30, 43 
 
 Academy, The 490, 601, 602 
 
 Acqueduct471, 521 
 
 Address to Prest Adams 465 
 
 Almshouse 307, 494, (See Paupers) 
 
 Andros, Usurpation of 148 
 
 Anecdotes, &c., 54, 117, 161, 170, 200, 203, 206, 207, 
 
 212, 219, 221, 223, 241, 254, 258. 264, 317, 318, 
 
 445. 461, 555 
 Anti-Slavery Society 505 
 Artillery Company 373 
 Assessors 64, 169, 472 
 Atkinson, Sketch of 317 
 Auditors of Accounts 474 
 Ayer, Capt. Samuel, Death of 229 
 Ayer's Village 537, 540, 545, 576 
 Ayer's Pond, (See Plug Pond). 
 
 Balloting 137, 141, 145 
 
 Baptists 339, 432, 552, 570, 578, 584 
 
 Baptist Churches 584, 594, 611 
 
 Baptist Hill 543 
 
 Bartlett, Israel, Journal of 400 
 
 Bells 67, 77, 172, 506, 551, 552, 594, 596 
 
 Beer 50, 132 
 
 Bees 67 
 
 Biographical 40, 48 to 60, 108, 136, 254, 262, 274 
 
 to 278, 316, 318, 553, 556, 557, 586, 590, 599, 
 
 607, 612, 613, 615 to 651, 
 Birthi 45, 55, 92, 660 
 Blacksmiths 60, 76, 79, 88, 334, 634, 637 
 Block-Houses 214 
 Boston 45, 366, 369, 370, 380 
 Bounds of Haverhill 43, 65, 70, 71, 74, 81, 91, 97, 
 
 101, 121, 171, 244, 266. 286 to 301, 308, 310, 
 
 563 
 Boundary Dispute with N. H. 286, 310 
 Bradley, Hannah, Captivity of, &c. 210, 216, 308 
 
 " Joseph, " " 179 
 
 Brandy Brow 82, 164, 283 
 Bread, Weighers of 430, 437 
 Brick-making 71, 500 
 Brickkill Bridge 239 
 Bridges 05, 111, 138, 303, 324, 457, 439, 479, 481, 
 
 495, 500 
 Buildings 453, 460, 490, 544 
 Bunker Hill 388, 390, 623 630 
 Burial-Grounds 91, 209, 228, 306, 323, 545, 556, 
 
 566, 570 
 Buttonwoods, The 309 
 By-Laws of Haverhill 475 
 
 Canals 492, 510,511, 622 
 
 Captain's Pond 269 
 
 Carding Machines, &c. 639 
 
 Carriages 335, 336, 541 
 
 Casualties 479 • 
 
 Catterpillars 305, 332 
 
 Cattle, &c. 59, 79, 82, 109, 256, 426, 477 
 
 Cedar Swamp 244 
 
 Cemeteries (See Burial-Grounds) 67, 91, 5X8, 545 
 
 Census (See Statistics) 
 
 Centre Congregational Church 599 
 
 Chain Ferry 325, 463, 570 
 
 Christian Church 590 
 
 Cholera 503 
 
 Churches, Organization of 58, 60, 303, 306, 495, 
 
 547. Membership in 115. Difficulties In 84, 
 
 246, 547. Location of 544. History of 547 
 
 to 614 
 Church Services in Olden Time 177 
 Cider 132, 139, 149 
 Clements, Robert, Estate of 49 
 Clothing for Soldiers 407, 409, 417, 418, 423 
 Coffee, Introduction of 258 
 Colonies, Confederation of 28, 56 
 Commerce of Haverhill 256, 450 
 Committees of Correspondence, Safety, &e. 367, 
 
 371, 372, 378, 380, 381, 393, 394, 399, 404, 405, 
 
 410, 412, 413, 415. 420, 436 
 Commons 59, 89, 93. 93, 115, 124, 135, 331, 454, 
 507, 517, 521 
 
 " Ox 71, 73, 82, 91, 92, 147, 303 
 
 " Cow 89, 99, 137, 236, 253, 254, 266. 273, 
 332 
 Commoners 75, 204, 215, 251, 253, 257, 266, 273 
 
 286, 291, 294, 299, 303, 306, 332, 337 
 Common Lands 204, 215 250, 252, 253, 266 
 Communion Vessels, &c. 53, 573 
 Concord, N. H., (See Pennacook) 
 Constables 67, 68, 110, 114, 131, 145, 325, 434 
 Continental Congress 379 
 Cottages, Lists of 93 
 Cottle's Ferry 116, 325, 463, 491 
 Cotton Mill 640 
 Council of Safety 150 
 Counties, Division into 55 
 Country Bridge 99, 141, 498, 578 
 Criminal 58. 78, 80, 90, 100, 116, 122, 131, 133. 
 
 139, 145 
 Creek Pond 463, 540. 
 Creek Brook 570 
 Creek Bridge 482. 
 
 Currency 72, 78, 253, 280, 411, 434. 437 
 Customs, &c. 66, 67, 77, 113, 177, 336 
 
 Darby Hill 82 
 
 Dark Days 247, 434 
 
 Deacons 249 (See Eccl. Hist. 547) 
 
 Deaths 45, 55, 82, 90, 92, 133, 479. 496, 497, 503, 
 
 660 
 Debt of the Town 207, 464 
 Deed of Pentucket 46 
 Distillt-ries 309 374, 375, 426, 453, 500 
 Dogs 5S, 503, 521, 524 
 Droughts, &e. 56, 98, 333, 337, 338, 492 
 Duck Factory 444, 449, 489, 623 
 Duston, Hannah, Exploit of 185. Monument to 
 
 191, 196, 658 
 
 Earthquakes 56, 280, 337 
 
 East Parish 305, 320, 324, 387, 577 
 
 " Meadow 99. 
 
 " Meadow River 116, 164, 170, 266, 325 
 Eastman's Wharf 333 
 Elections 66, 78, 89. 141. 151 
 Embargo, The 481, 484 
 Epitaphs 228, 245, 555 
 
 84 
 
Essex County 55, 133, 278, 435, 496, 520 
 Expresses olO 
 
 Fasts 127, ,<?32. 337 
 
 iVnios 6«. Si. 87. 99. 110. 131,217, 236, 238. 248, 
 20.j. 3oy, 32 i. 338. 447. 45 J, 4.58. 463. 400 
 
 Fncs 04. 70. 78. 79. 80, 83, 100, 107, 111, 114, 133, 
 138. 119. 4-.'9, 43.-1 
 
 Firp Dti>,irtm.'iit 427. -129. 436, 514. 522 
 
 Ft.s 115. 2uG. 30:!, 323, 38n, -163, 514 
 
 Fi.st birth io lldvciliill 45; death 45, 82; 
 corn-mill 49. 57 ; tanner 49. .57 ; Innd 
 plini^ihed 50; pauper 116; tiiwn meet- 
 in.? .55 ; town clerk 55 ; court 55 ; mar- 
 riage 58 ; blacksmith 60 ; silectmen 63 ; mili- 
 tary company 06. 05 ; bees 07 ; constable 67, 
 08; meeting-house 67, 100; highway 68; 
 orchard 70; brick-maker 71 ; t.iilor79; deed 
 recorded 89; physician 40, 97; plan of the 
 town 104; moderator 107; murder by In- 
 dians 124; evening lectures 134; written bal- 
 lots 137 ; merchant 137; pot.i toes 250; team 
 to I'ennacook 278; coin in Mass. 78; pajicr 
 money 280 ; overseers of poor .303 ; wagim 336; 
 highway tax 33.6; potash works 338; salt- 
 petre works 393; butcher 417; election of 
 povcrnor 423 ; tire company 427 ; fire en.gine 
 429; salt works 430;" stage coach 45'; school 
 committee 441 ; .school regulations 455 ; news- 
 paper 4-59; bridge 459; assessors t'4, 472; 
 list of voters 473 : Fourth of July celebration 
 473. 474 ; hay scales 473 ; cotton yarn 474 ; 
 cut nails 474; town by-laws 475; inspectors 
 of police 479 ; cooking stoves 484; singing- 
 school 484 ; town clock 494 ; temperance soci- 
 ety 498; steamboat 500; lyceum 501; anti- 
 slavery society 505 ; turned shoes 535 ; bank 
 in town 633 ; bookbinder 653 ; newspaper 652 ; 
 
 First Parish. The 325, 550 
 
 Fisheries 58, 81. 87, 118, 145, 245, 265, 266, 432, 
 472, 482, 483 
 
 Fishing River 71, 137, HO, 146, 195, 196, 207, 236, 
 245, 266. 283. 496 
 
 Flaggy meadow 143 
 
 Flannel factory 506 
 
 Flo.ating islands 461 
 
 Forts 394 
 
 Fourth of .Tulv 395, 473, 474, 494, 505, 511, 515, 
 517, 523, 525 
 
 Free Evangelical Church 613 
 
 Freemasons 473, 653 
 
 Freemen 72, 115, 141 
 
 French War. The 340 
 
 Free Will Baptist Church 612 
 
 Freshets 309, 492 
 
 Garrisons, &c. 153, 155, 170, 187, 198, SCO, 207, 261 
 
 Gas Company 523 
 
 Genealogical 48. 51, 53. 62, 73. 74, 79, 125, 131. 184 
 
 216, 248, 274 to 278, 582, 615 
 Golden Hill 479. 632 
 Gravel Shoot 578 
 Great Plain 110, 146, 164 
 Great Pond 110. 37, 171. 236, 237, 430, 432, 403, 
 
 483,496, 510, 511, 528 
 Grifim's Ferry 217, 325 
 
 Hampstead, Sketch of 315 
 
 Hardy's Landing 266 
 
 Harvard College 40. 54, 58, 78. 108, 133, 136, 274, 
 318. 39a 55.3, 550, 557, 564, 668, 580 
 
 Hats, Manufacture of, &e. 539 
 
 liaverhill, Settlement of 35 ; deed of 46 incorpora- 
 tion of 60; descrii)tion of in 1645, 60; ditto 
 in 1794, 460 to 463 ; Peke of 288. 298 ; plan of 
 104, 462; histories of oUl; maps of 502; 
 growth of 642. 
 
 Haverhill Bridge 156, 459, 480, 495, 509, 543 
 
 Hawk's Brook 273. 
 Meadow 63 
 
 Hav 44 
 
 Hay-Scales 473. 521 
 
 Havnes Joseph. Journey of 338 
 
 H.rdsmen 79. 109 
 
 H-gh School 497, 514, 524 
 
 Highways 65, 68, 75, 76, 87, 92, 98, 99, 106, 110, 
 11.5. 141. 143, 244. 265, 270, 278, 306, 324, 336v 
 458, 464. 493, 494, 495, 507, 509, 522, 523, 525, 
 526, 531 
 
 Highwavs, Surveyors of 244, 523 
 
 H.)g Hifl 239, 252. 253, 268 
 
 Householders in 1798, 466 
 
 Houses 93 95, 115, 156 
 
 Huckleberry Hill 293 
 
 Indians 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 30, 42, 45, 66, 70, 78, 96, 
 116,139,250, 260, 315; depredations by 116, 
 123 148. 153, 158, 159, 160, 169, 179. 184, 185, 
 199, 201, 206, 209, 216 217, 260 ; relics of 42 ; 
 Rev. John Elliott's labors among 96 ; number 
 in Pentucket 42; deeds from 43, 143, 297 
 
 Indian Hill 43 
 •• Bridge 71 
 
 Influenza 495 
 
 Inspectors of Police 479 
 
 Insurection of Morrill 158 
 
 Inventories 49 
 
 Ipswich Fright 387 
 
 Irish, The 288, 291 
 
 Islands "0, 79, 87, 254. 304, 461 
 
 Island Pond 295, 304 
 
 Johnson's Creek 201 
 
 " Mill 171. 483 
 Jurymen 473, 494 
 
 Kenoza Lake 82. 387, 483, 528 to 530 
 King Phillip's War 123 
 
 Land (See Commons, Ac.,) 61, 68, 87, 92, 165. 204 
 215; divisions of. Ac, .56, 61. 62, 71, 74, 76, 79 
 87, 89, 92, lUO 2,54, 250, 290, 324. 333; dis- 
 putes, etc., 143, 169. 204, 266 to 274, 286 to 
 301, 303. .507; parsonage 13.5, 136.137,140, 
 143, 163. 234. 244. 251, 264. 303, ,304. 306, 323, 
 ■324,339, 432, 558. 5.' 9, 562, 566, 586; pur- 
 chases, grants, <tc., 55, 65. 67, 68, 70, 71, 73, 
 76. 82, 89, 90, 91, 135 143, 171, 204, 253. 207, 
 .308, 433. 490, 507 
 
 Leather 130, 208, 532 
 
 Lecture-day 89. 134 
 
 Lectures, Evening 134 
 
 Letters from Gvles Firman 35 ; Samuel Aver 1 50. 
 200; Nath'l Saltonstall 150, 158, 2i,3, 283; 
 Daniel Bradley, 1.53; Rev. Benj. Bolfe 102, 
 167 ; Rev. John Ward 165 ; Thomas Duston 
 191; Rev. Joshu^ Gardner 2.34; Ebenezer 
 Eastman 2.54; Richard Hazzen 294, 299; John 
 Whitt!er395; James Brickett 403, 438 ; Pres- 
 ident Adams 465 
 
 Lexington Alarm 383, 387, 497 
 
 Libraries 501 
 
 Light Infantry Comp.any 482, 485 
 
 Lime 83, 95. 256 
 
 Little River 42, 52, 56, TJ, 81, 88 99, 10.3, 111,116, 
 119, 135. 188, 195, 207, 21.5, 229, 236, 306, 324, 
 325. 338, 438, 445, 403, 480. 492. 511, 591 
 
 Little River Bridge 434. 509, 525, 543 
 
 Londonderrv 249, 280 to 301 
 
 Long Hill 224 
 
 Lovewell's Fight 261 
 
 Lumber 121. 132 
 
 Lyceums 501 
 
m 
 
 Magistrates 55, 65, 70, 115 
 
 Marriages 55, 58, 93. 107, 117, 643, 660 
 
 Marsh's Hill 155,638 
 
 Masouian Claim 301 
 
 Masonic Hall 491, 601 
 " Lodge 473 
 
 Massachusetts, Discovery of 18 ; description of in 
 1014,21; settlement of 27 ; chvrter of 148, 
 151,104; boundary dispute with N. H. 286; 
 constitution of 39l5, 4<iG, 412, 420. 441, 494 
 
 Meadows 74, 79, 87, 92. 164. 251, 209, 303 
 
 Meeting-Houses 67. 83, 89, 110, 121, 135, 136, 137, 
 171, 208, 223, 253. 2S2, 306, 454, 460, 495, 507, 
 511,547 to 614; seating inhabitants in 99, 
 106, 140, 206, 253; seats and pews in 118, 135, 
 174, 176, 232, 238, 252, 265 ; disorderly boys 
 in 238 
 
 Merchants 451 
 
 Merrie's Creek 62, 91, 132. 245 
 
 Merrimack River 237; discovery of 20 ; significa- 
 tion of the name 20; improvements iu 492. 
 519 
 
 Merrimack Bridge 93, 99, 463, 480 495, 500 
 
 Methodists .570, 573 
 
 Methodist Church 601 
 
 Methuen, Incorporation of 273 
 
 Middle Names 360 
 
 Military Companies, &c. (^ee Soldiers) 6", 95, 99, 
 103, 112, 316 to 350, 373, 375, 382, 447, 482, 
 484, 485 
 
 Mill Brook 57, 92. HI, 161, 164, 215, 253,303, 307, 
 309, 332, 333, 430, 455, 494 
 
 Mill Bridge 333 
 
 Mills 92, 99 236, 337, 426, 430. 452, 433, 508, 510; 
 saw 75, 80, 82. 89. 99. 116. 132. 164, 233, 268, 
 269; corn 57, 91, 99, HI, 116, 132. 140, 170. 
 195. 196. 215.253; flannel 503; fuUing 215, 
 253; plaster 215; cotton yarn 474 
 
 Millerism 511. 604 
 
 Minute Men 381 
 
 Ministers 83, 134, 139, 154, 162, 165, 231, 245, 247, 
 273, 279 
 
 Missionaries 643 
 
 Mitchell's falls 579 
 
 Mobs 376, 505 
 
 Moderator 107 
 
 Morse, Joseph, Death of 502 
 
 Mount Washington 533 
 " Pleasant 545 
 
 MuUi kin's Ferry 355, 458 
 
 Music, &c. 309, 424, 552, 569, 588, 598 
 
 Names, Lists of, first settlers of Haverhill 38; 
 landholders in 1645, 60; freemen in 1650. 72; 
 in id division plough-land 77 ; Robert Pike's 
 petition 80; agreement with John Juhnscm ><8; 
 4th division meadow land 92 ; accommodation 
 landiOO; on location meeting-house 173; of 
 killed by Indians 198 ; for land in Metkuen 
 252; pew owners 232. 238. 265; school peti- 
 tions 237 ; soldiers 128. 235. 331. 340 to 36 , 
 382, 383, 388 to 420, 440, 486, 487 ; 5th divi- 
 sion land 256 ; settlers of Concord 274 ; peti- 
 tions to worship in Amesbury 279 ; polls north 
 and south of the N. H. line in 1741. 310 to 
 315; petitioners for East Parish 321; and 
 occupations in 1747, 326 ; about town meetings 
 327, 328 ; grantees of townships in Me. 338, 
 433; artillery company 374; minute men 38 i; 
 of whom money was borrowed 407, 414; mem- 
 bers of t'lre Cub 428 ; househ.dders in 1708. 
 466; streets 509; disunion petitioners 516; 
 shoe manufacturers 535. 536 ; l;rick blocks 
 644 ; members Rev. Ward's church 548 ; re- 
 presentatives. &c. 661 
 
 Nebraska Resolutions 523 
 
 Negroes (See Slaves) 239, 498 
 Newspapers 45^, 521, 053 
 North Church 612 
 
 Meadow 99, 283 
 " Parish 282, 303. 308. 562 ^ 
 
 Northmen. Voyages of the 17 ^ 
 
 Oathof Fidelity 71, 72, 115 
 
 Odd Fellows 518 
 
 Officers (Town) 55. 99, 107, 121, 164, 16', 171, 203, 
 
 433, 435, 474, 526 
 Old Style and New Style 334 
 Orchards 70, 195 
 Ordinaries. See T.iverns 
 Overseers of the Poor 303, 433, 472 
 
 Paper Money (See Currency) 280, 411, 434. 437 
 Parsonage Land, See Land 
 Hill 566 
 
 H.-uses 135, 136, 137, 140, 143, 23.', 379, 547 
 Road 15.3, 17'.), 224 
 Paupers 52. 116, 143, .307, 441, 455, 480. 494, 508 
 Pecker's Hill 74, 155. 170. 188, 198, 543, 545 
 Pennacook 30. siO, 255, 274 
 Pentucket, See Haverhill 
 
 Cenu-terv 2, 67 91, 158, 519 
 Pesl-Houses 334, 433, 458 
 Peter's Ridge 498 
 
 Petitions 2 SO, 254, 279. 239. 299, .308, .32 J. 323, 315 
 Physicians 40, 97, 179, 275, 637, 616, 649 
 Pilgrims. The 25 
 Pipe Stives 59, 63, 107, 120, 236 
 Plains 73 
 Plain Gate 332 
 Plaistow 317 
 Plough-land 74. 76 
 
 Plug Pond 57. 229, 324, 463, 463, 571 
 Plymouth 21, 26 
 
 Poetry 61. 183, 293, 307, 388, 332, 440, 491, 493 
 Police Court 524 
 Policy Pond 319 
 Pond Bridge 236 
 
 " Meadow 63, 67, 76, 161 
 
 " Pl.iin 169 
 
 " River 119 
 Ponds 269, 295, 319. 337, 430, 455, 461, 463 
 Post-riders, &c. 453 
 Potash Works 338, 452 
 Potatoes 250 
 
 Pounds 69, 98, 208. 432. 464 
 Powdei-houses 116, 427, 479 
 President Washington's Visit 441 
 " Jacksi^n's " 503 
 
 Prices 49, 50, 64, 68, 76, 87, 118, 132, 138, 235, 3C4, 
 
 3 )6, 413. 434 
 Primrose Swamp 62. 63 
 Printing business 6-52 
 Proprietors, (See Commoners) 
 Providence Neck 269 
 Provincial Congress 378. 386 
 Puritans. History of, 23 
 
 Quakers 51, 87, 176, 207, 553 
 
 Railroads 49.3,'.504. 521, 537 
 
 Randall Church 613 
 
 Rechabites 518 
 
 Representatives 115, 335, 366, 368, 399, 435, 436, 
 
 457. 661 
 Revolutum. The .362 
 Rocks' Village 50' 236. 243. 450. 480. 491. 493, 50O, 
 
 505, 525, 544 
 Rolfe, Rev. Beiij., Death of, 219 
 Round Pond 89, 4.30, 463, 471, 521 
 Rum 261. 338. See Distilleries. 
 
IV 
 
 Balanes 63, 77, 84, 86, 110, 111, 113, 116, 136 165 
 
 208, 231, 246, 248, 279, 526, 547 to 614 
 St. Gregory's Chnrch 607 
 Salem, N. H. 319 
 Sander's Hill 98, 207, 324 
 Saltonstall place 168, 233, 309, 445, 543 
 Saltpetre Manufacture 393 
 Salt Works 430 
 Savings Bank 501, 633 
 Saw-Mill River 138, 146, 164, 196, 253, 306 
 Sawyer, John, Death of 436 
 Schools Go, 91, 113, 114, 116, 135, 142, 171, 177 205 
 
 206, 208, 209, 216, 236, 237, 239, 265, 273, 274 
 
 302, 325, 331, 334, 337, 432, 441, 455, 457 464 
 
 472, 490, 496, 497, 501, 513, 522, 524, 569, 5781 
 
 608 
 Scotland Hill 540 
 Selectmen 63, 64, 80, 100, 109, 111, 114. 121, 133. 
 
 141, 433, 472 
 Shad Parish 498 
 Shatswell's Pond 389 
 Shay's Rebellion 437 
 Sheep 79, 146, 426, 521 
 Shenstones, The 519, 526 
 
 Ship-building 304, 324, 333, 426, 448, 450, 483, 490 
 Shoes 69, 111, 130, 219, 530, 532, 632 
 Silver Hill 432, 543 
 Slaves 239, 248, 427, 659 
 Small Pox 131, 159, 334, 433, 453, 458, 522 
 Soldiers 66, 128, 149, 158, 162, 213, 217, 235, 261, 
 
 264, 340 to 361, 382 to 420, 440, 479, 484, 512 
 Sour Meadow 269 
 Spicket Falls 254 
 
 " Meadow 63 
 
 " Path 60, 141,193 
 
 " River 62, 71, 88, 97, 143 
 Stage Coaches 453, 461, 474, 483, 493, 505 
 Stamp Act, The 362 
 Statistics 240, 242, 335, 426, 507, 660 
 Steamboats 500, 519 
 Stocks 69, 436 
 Storms, etc. 45, 57, 59, 118, 247, 280, 310, 431, 432, 
 
 434, 436, 473, 482, 491, 492, 496, 551 
 Stoves 483, 558, 596 
 Streets 526, (See Highways) 
 Surplus Revenue 508, 517 
 Swett's Ferry 236, 325, 463 
 Swine 426, 555 
 
 Tabernacle Church 606 
 
 Tanners 49, 57, 121, 139, 142, 324, 495 
 
 Taverns 50, 52, 64, 74, 131, 139, 283, 443, 444, 413. 
 474 
 
 Taxes, &e. 57, 77, 86, 87, 99, 111, 112, 130, 149, 237. 
 253, 279, 325, 409, 415, 417, 420, 423, 434, 455 
 481,482,493,494,553 > • • -^ . 
 
 Tea 258, 369, 372 
 
 Temperance 498, 506, 515, 517, 518 
 
 Thanksgiving 112, 332 
 
 Throat Distemper 306, 464 
 
 Timber 56, 59, 63, 68, 75, 107, 120, 236, 296, 864 
 
 Tories 376, 646 
 
 Tornado 431 
 
 Town Farm 494 
 " Hall 176, 500, 520, 526, 539, 611 
 " Meetings 55, 64, 70, 98, 114, 130, 142, 164, 
 
 270, 226 to 331, 423, 521, 523, 559 
 " Records 98, 110, 114, 117, 199, 245, 257, 521 
 
 Trinity Church 608 
 
 Turkey Hill 577 
 
 Tything-Men 168 
 
 Unitarians 559 
 
 Universalists 560, 570, 571, 573, 57S 
 
 Universalibt Society 595j 
 
 Upper Sands 455 
 
 Valuations 64, 72, 426, 453, 466 
 Voting 89, 115, 482, (See Balloting) 
 
 Wagons, &c. 336 
 
 "Warning out of Town 279 
 
 "Washington 441, 471 
 
 "Watch-Houses 69, 113, 156, 177, 205, 256, 261 
 
 "West Bridge 111, 138, 164, 215, 494 
 
 " Parish 305, 306, 565, 601 
 
 " River, (See Little River) 
 "Wharfs 303, 332, 333, 426 
 "Whipping-Post 69, 436 
 "Whittakcr, Joseph 179, 201 
 Wigwam 71 
 Wild-man 496 
 
 Wine, &c. 64, 83, 131, 132, 256 
 Winter Street Church 600, 601 
 Witchcraft 109 
 Wood 95, 110, 137, 166 
 "Wolves 59, 96, 98, 147, 171, 248 
 Work-House 441, 481, 506 
 "World's End Pond 199 
 
 Yankee Doodle 392. 
 
INDEX OF NAMES. 
 
 Abbot, Rev. Abiel 220, 429, 460, 
 471, 537, 558, 559 
 Abigail 466 
 Daniel 416 
 George 97 
 Mr. 454 
 John 557 
 Abell, Eev. T. P. 598 
 Abercrombie 344 
 Adams, Daniel 399, 409, 470 
 James 311 
 
 John 390, 461, 465, 618 
 John Q, 516, 517, 650 
 Key. Mr. 336 
 Eev. Phineas 568, 569, 
 
 570, 572, 581 
 Samuel 220, 365, 369 
 Agassiz, Louis 282 
 Aiken, Samuel 652 
 Allen, Ethan 344 
 
 Richard 128 
 W. B. & H. a. 653 
 William 615 
 Alley, Mrs. 386 
 
 John 389, 393, 399 
 Ames, Ezra C. 600 
 
 Isaac 513, 519 
 Moses 344, 350 
 Samuel 464 
 Amherst, Gen. 344, 352 
 Amy, Michael 340, 343, 355 
 Anderson, Samuel 311 
 Andrew (Indian) 125 
 Andros, Sir Edmund 148 
 Annis, Abraham 310 
 
 Samuel 359, 360 
 Appleton, Daniel 826, 327, 346, 
 350, 355, 374, 414, 419, 
 428, 429, 466, 487, 539, 
 541, 553 
 Hannah 470 
 Samuel 159, 312, 327, 330, 
 
 348, 371, 393, 428, 539 
 William 407, 403 
 Ash, Nathaniel 359 
 
 Phinahas 359 
 Assacambuit (Indian) 224 
 Asten, Abiel 262 
 Atkinson, Theodore 317 
 Attucks, Crispus 396 
 Atwood, James 348, 429, 633 
 John 311, 429, 487 
 Joseph 348, 358, 466, 659 
 Moses 429, 460, 466, 533, 
 
 641 
 William 352, 357, 358 
 Austin, Thomas 237 
 Zebediah 262 
 Auchmaty, Robert 294 
 Averill, Isaac 486 ' 
 
 Ayer, Aires, or Eyres, 
 Benjamin 73 
 
 Ayer, David 312, 327, 348, 440 
 Ebenezer 73, 262, 264 
 Edward 615 
 Edwin F. 540 
 Frederick S. 486 
 George W. 591, 592 
 Gibberd 216 
 Goodman 98 
 Hannah 174 
 Jacob 314, 327, 330, 346, 
 
 428 
 James 53, 156, 235, 267, 
 
 275, 292, 312, 333, 384, 
 
 400, 407, 466, 549, 615 
 John, Sen., 60, 64, 77, 256 
 
 312, 330 
 John 72, 73, 80, 93, 106, 
 
 156, 229, 256, 274, 275, 
 
 346, 367, 380, 395, 407, 
 466, 540, 541, 615 
 
 John, Jur., 60, 72, 77, 94, 
 
 138, 155 
 John A. 466 
 Jonathan 73, 417, 466 
 Joseph 174, 192, 197, 396, 
 
 399, 615 
 Josiah 216 
 Monroe 545 
 Moses 345, 419, 466 
 Lott 411 
 Nathan 346, 382, 383, "88 
 
 391, 393, 395, 400, 419, 
 
 466, 471 
 Nathaniel 73, 256, 615 
 Obadiah 73, 236, 238, 256, 
 
 274, 275, 293, 419, 466, 
 
 615 
 Oldgood 106 
 Perley 419, 540, 541 
 Peter 52, 72, 73, 80, 114, 
 
 124, 138, 139, 151, 157, 
 
 164, 166, 169, 173, 192, 
 
 204, 256, 314, 327, 330, 
 
 347, 348, 466, 565, 568, 
 61.5, 661 
 
 Robert 52, 72, 73, 77, 80, 
 142, 164, 166, 174, 256, 
 615 
 
 Richard 241, 275, 349, 371 
 372, 381, 393 
 
 Samuel 73, 94, 128, 138, 
 150, 164, 171, 173, 174, 
 176, 179, 200, 204, 207, 
 208, 215, 224, 225, 226, 
 228, 235, 274, 275, 278, 
 302, 312, 327, 342, 343, 
 
 348, 349, 385, 399, 410, 
 417, 418, 466, 548, 615, 
 661 
 
 Samuel W. 70, 484, 570 
 Simeon 314, 327, 330, 345, 
 346, 349, 410, 466 
 
 Ayer, Thomas 52, 62, 72, 73, 77, 
 94, 138, 155, 216, 225, 
 615 
 
 Timothy 138, 274, 312, 407 
 
 Widow 94 
 
 Widow Sarah 408 
 
 William 262, 312, 314, 
 328, 349, 396, 567 
 
 & Brothers 540 
 
 Bacon, Rev. Henry 598 
 Badgtr, Benjamin 616 
 Daniel 616 
 Ebenezer 616 
 Enoch 347, 616 
 Giles 615 
 James 615, 616 
 John 615 
 Joseph 301, 312, 318, 327, 
 
 330, 346, 350, 556, 615, 
 
 616, 617, 626, 644 
 Rev. Moses 374, 378, 608, 
 
 609, 616, 645 
 Nathaniel 347, 616 
 Peaslce 616 
 Samuel 616 
 Stephen 616 
 Thomas 616 
 William 616 
 Bachelder, Batchelder, 
 Benjamin 353 
 Rev. Samuel 241, 242, 306 
 
 349, 351, 366, 368, 565, 
 
 566, 567, 568, 661 
 Rev. William 371, 381, 
 
 404, 429, 467, 470, 488, 
 
 587, 662 
 Bagley, Col. 354 
 
 Jonathan 346 
 Philip 382, 383, 392, 393 
 Stephen 594 
 Winthrop 350 
 Bailey, (See Bayley.) 
 Eev. Abner 319 
 Benjamin 467 
 George P. 516 
 Henry 351 
 Kev. Jacob 609 
 John 275, 356, 395 
 Jonathan, 467 
 Joshua 263, 266, 270, 271, 
 
 274, 275, 278, 305, 309, 
 
 312, .321, 323, 330, 333 
 Lewis 541 
 Nathan 466, 467 
 Nathaniel 356, 358, 466 
 Noah 416 
 Phillip 388 
 Woodbridge 467 
 Baker, Benjamin 348, 400, 407, 
 
 408, 418, 419 
 Capt. 264 
 
VI 
 
 Baker, Edmund 397, 408 
 Edward 408, 414 
 John 347, 350, 354, 400, 
 
 407, 419 
 Jonathan 418 
 Mary 408 
 Hosts 276 
 Nathan 342, 344, 345, 
 
 347, 356, 358 
 Richard 416 
 Samuel 396 
 
 William 393, 396, 397, 
 418, 497, 498 
 Ballou, Hosea 595, 596 
 Balch, Deacon 533, 554 
 
 Nathaniel 327, 330, 347 
 Westly 471, 533 
 Baldwin, Laomi 492 
 
 Thomas 628 
 Bannister, William B. 490, 632 
 Ballard, Ebenezer 384, 393, 397, 
 
 410, 466 
 Ball, Thomas 516 
 Banks, N. P. 521, 524 
 Barber, Samuel 411 
 Barefoot, Walter 143 
 Barker, Jonathan 358, 374, 393 
 Stephen 244, 251, 252, 273 
 
 470 
 Zebadiah 407, 408 
 Barnard, Rev. Edward 244, 247, 
 551, 554, 555, 557, 559 
 Edward 374, 375 
 . Rev. John 553 
 Rev. Mr. 316, 328 
 Rev. Thomas 246, 553 
 Barrows, Rev. Homer 565 
 Bartlett, Bailey 88, 374, 415, 
 428, 430, 436, 440, 444, 
 460, 464, 466, 467, 472, 
 473, 474, 486, 489, 494, 
 618, 619, 620, 621, 635, 
 661, 662 
 Charles 317, 621 
 Christopher 164, 208, 235, 
 243, 269, 270, 271, 303, 
 311, 314, 396 
 Enoch 243, 333, 338, 346, 
 347, 404, 427, 428, 466, 
 621, 635 
 Francis 470 
 George 621 
 Henry 621 
 Isaac 393, 620 
 Israel 374, 375, 393, 395, 
 400, 407, 414, 415, 420, 
 428, 480, 447, 461, 466, 
 621, 661 
 James 429, 621 
 John 400, 461, 620 
 Jonathan 314 
 Joseph 226 
 Josiah 621 
 
 Nathaniel 311, 314, 470 
 Nehemiah 621 
 Richard 132, 138, 620 
 Samuel 281, 420, 620 
 Thomas 620, 621 
 Bayse, Mathew 43 
 Bayley, or Baley (See Bailey) 
 
 Amos 314, 329, 348, 417, 
 
 418, 419, 420 
 Benjer 418 
 
 Ebenezer 314, .329, .348, 
 355, 417. 418, 419, 420 
 
 Bayley, Humphrey 315, 349 
 
 Jeremiah 315, 329, 349, 
 418, 419 
 
 Joseph 341 
 
 Joshua 550, 618, 635 
 
 Luas 419, 420 
 
 Orlando 288 
 
 Richard 328, 348, 419 
 
 Thomas 314, 329 
 
 William 314, 328 
 Beartoe, Joseph 311, 314 
 Bean, Samuel 453 
 Beard, William 416 
 Belfore, Thomas 80 
 Belknap, Abraham 143, 
 
 Ebenezer 312 
 
 Moses 312 
 
 Obadiah 312, 349 
 
 Samuel 94 
 Bell, John 628 
 Benson, Henry .353 
 Bernard, Sarah 466 
 Berry, Judge 328 
 
 John 382, 383, 408, 411 
 Betle, Timothy 397, 411 
 Bixbee Nathaniel 354 
 Black, Benjamin 343, 345 
 
 Edmund .342, 344, 345, 
 347, 351, 356, 358 
 
 James 312 
 
 Peter (Negro) 498 
 Blanchard, Samuel 470, 480 
 Blaisdel Jonathan 343, 351 
 Bly, or Bley, James 314 
 
 William 279 
 Blodgelt & Head, 537 
 
 Judge 454 
 
 J. D. 537 
 
 Nathan 375 
 
 Samuel 333, 338, 363, 391, 
 428, 444, 449, 458, 466, 
 621, 622, 662 
 Bodge, Nathaniel 384, 395 
 Bodwell, Bethiah \iS2 
 
 Daniel 252, 271 
 
 Henry 237, 244, 251, 252 
 
 James 2.52 
 
 Michael 347 
 Bodfish, D. P. 657 
 Bond, Gilbert 408 
 
 John 593 
 
 Joseph 128, 155, 174, 208, 
 235, 312 
 Borman, William 315, 349 
 Bowdoin, Jno. 423 
 Bowden, Michael 350, 355 
 Bowen, Rev. William 595 
 Bosworth, Hanniel 122 
 Boyd, Arter, 311 
 Boyes, Robert 298 
 Boynton, or Byenton, Abiel 396 
 
 John 312, 326, 330, 347 
 
 O. G. 516, 601 
 Boutwell, Geo, S. 525 
 Brackett, Anthony 126 
 Bradford, Mr. 436 
 Bradley, or Bradlce 
 
 Abraham 235, 268 
 
 Amos 348 
 
 Benjamin 467 
 
 Brickett 571 
 
 Cyrus 576 
 
 Daniel 136, 141, 149, 153 
 16.3. 198, 312, .348. 351, 
 417, 467 
 
 Bradley, David 69, 348, 41?, 418, 
 420, 430, 467 
 
 Enoch 467, 470, 482, 569 
 
 Francis 466 
 
 Hannah 308, 309 
 
 <fe Hersey 536 
 
 Ithamore 410 
 
 Isaac 179, 268, 312, 347, 
 467, 623 
 
 Jesse 396 
 
 John 275, 311, 314, 345, 
 349, S34 , 356, 359 
 
 Jonathan 311, 418 
 
 Joseph 153, 156, 160, 179, 
 198, 200, 210, 216, 224, 
 235, 314, 329, 412, 466, 
 470 
 
 Mary 418 
 
 Mehitable 466, 470 
 
 Moses 348, 351 
 
 Nixthaniel 348, 380, 435, 
 466, 473 
 
 Neamiah 314, 329, 348 
 
 Samuel 348, 389, 466, 470, 
 636 
 
 William 312, 348, 418, 420 
 
 Wingate 389, 410 
 Bradbury, Barnabas 312 
 
 Daniel 470, 512 
 
 David 470 
 
 Eben 408 
 
 James 279, 812, 321, 396 
 
 John 313 
 
 Samuel 349, 385, 418, 466 
 
 Sanders 345, 349 
 
 William 385 
 Brady, William 330 
 Bragg, S. 450, 652 
 Bradstreet, Dr. 179 
 Brainard, Samuel 662 
 Brant, Robert 410 
 Brattle, Rev. 246 
 Brentman, Thomas 349 
 Brewer, Peter 52, 94 
 Brewster, H. B. 655 
 Bryant, or Briant, 
 
 Andrew 312 
 
 David 389, 429 
 
 James 353 
 
 Matthew 353 
 
 William .347, 469 
 Bridge, Col. 390 
 Briggs, Henry 486 
 Brickett, Barnard 467, 599, 600 
 
 Daniel 429, 466, 516 
 
 James 275, 360, 374, 380, 
 381, 383, 386, 389, 390, 
 391, 392, 394, 399, 400, 
 402, 403, 404, 405, 410, 
 412, 413, 414, 415, 419, 
 420, 421, 422, 428, 438, 
 440, 447, 455, 466, 471, 
 556, 623, 624, 626, 644 
 
 John 408, 467, 662 
 
 Moses 429, 440 
 
 Ward 537 
 
 & Noyes 536 
 Brooks, Cotton B. 429, 466 
 
 Erastus 506, 656 
 
 Rev. Edward 248 
 
 W. 6. 659 
 Browing, John 416 
 Brown, or Browne, 
 
 Rev. A. 595 
 
 Cotton 248 
 
Brown, David 407 
 
 Ebenezer :U4, 331, 345 
 
 Edmund 38",, •13;-,, 406 
 
 Ephrnim 407, 408 
 
 George 48, 62, 72, 75, 77, 
 80, 88, 93, 94, 99, 106, 
 110, 112, 128, 134,- 137, 
 139, 143, 144, 104, 172, 
 173, 256, 661 
 
 11. 323 
 
 Uenry Young 356, 359, 
 3(j0, 624 
 
 Jacob 359, 360 
 
 Rev. John 241, 248, 261, 
 279, 307, 547, 549, 550, 
 551, 553, 659 
 
 John 466, 470, 552, 593 
 
 Joseph 341 
 
 Josiah 349, ^5, 537 
 
 Nichohis 94, 155 
 
 Rev. Eichiird 231 
 
 Samuel 312, 314 
 
 Simeon 321 
 
 Thomas 248 
 
 Rev. W. C. 610 
 
 Ward 248 
 
 William 344 
 Brumidge; Hldward 53, 143, 156, 
 
 236 
 Buck, Ebenezer 312, 327 
 
 Eliphalet 397, 398, 470 
 
 Jacob 411 
 
 John 341 
 
 Jonathan 312, 333, 338, 
 348, 354, 428. 660 
 
 Samuel 393, 397, 410 
 Bugbee, Rev. J. H. 561 
 Burden, Kev. John 595 
 Bursrin, William 537 
 Burgoyne. Gen. 401, 621, 624, 
 
 630, 641 
 Burgess, Rev. J. S. 613 
 Bur.'eaux, Fortune 396, 397, 411 
 Burnhiim, Rev. Abraham 583 
 
 Benjamin 396 
 Burrill & ilersev 653, 654 
 
 John 342, 343. 345 
 
 Joseph 323, 466, 470 
 
 Nathan 486. 653, 654 
 
 & Tileston 653 
 Burr, Aaron 619 
 
 Samuel S. 637 
 Buswell, or Buzzel, Benj. 536 
 
 Capt. 158 
 
 Daniel 591 
 Butler, William 60, 72, 106 
 Butman, Thomas 317 
 Butters, I'rancis 516 
 
 Francis, Jr. 516 
 
 Otis W. 516 
 Button, Daniel 115 
 
 Hannah 122 
 
 Matthias 72, 77, 93, 96, 
 115, 256 
 Cahany, Nathaniel 382 
 Calf, or Calfe, James 347 
 
 Isaac 347 
 Caldwell, or Cordwell, 
 
 Enoch 384, 400 
 
 Jacob 535. 656 
 
 & Pierce 535 
 
 William 491 
 Callis, AVilliam 311 
 Camball, Elexander 313 
 Campbell, Samuel 417 
 
 Candace (Negro) 241 
 Cannada, Robert 353 
 
 Thomas 353 
 Capron, John .5!)2 
 Carleton, Aaron 413, 414, 415, 
 418, 419, 420, 467 
 Benjamin 274, 275 
 Charles 062 
 Christopher 274, 275 
 Daniel 407 
 Deacon 224 
 Ebenezer 333, 389 
 Edward 65, 2,32, 252, 310, 
 
 315, .328 
 Bnos 467 
 George 295 
 Guy, Jr. 537 
 James H. 519, 529 
 John 72, 92, 99, 100, 199, 
 
 295, 482 
 Jonathan 467 
 Kimball 443, 407 
 Mehitable 407 
 Micah 467 
 Nathaniel 542 
 Nehemiah 274, 275 
 Oliver 635 
 Peter 241, 315, 348, 354, 
 
 389, 410, 411, 567, .569 
 Phineas 374, 393, 395, 400 
 410, 419, 428, 429, 430, 
 435, 400, 462, 467, 486 
 Prudence 414 
 Richard 310 
 Thomas 295 
 Stephen 407 
 Games, Rev. Jnhn 568 
 Carr, Francis 385, '441, 467, 662 
 George 49 
 James 369 
 Carrick, John B. 513 
 Carter, Ezra 276 
 Joshua 628 
 Carver. Nathaniel 470 
 Case, William 389, 397, 410 
 Cast, or Hast, Dr. 348 
 Castle Jacob 389 
 Castleng, John 343 
 Cesar (Negro) 659, 660 
 Celia (Negro) 241 
 Celly, Samuel 349 
 Chadwick, James 142, 14.3, 467 
 
 Mr. 489 
 Challis, or Chalice, David 358 
 Gideon 343, 345, 358 
 Left. 101 
 Chambers, William 311 
 Chamberlain, John 262, 487 
 Silas 416 
 William 467 
 Chandler, Rev. John 53 
 Josiah 313 
 Thomas 97 
 Chase, Abner 279, 31.3, 321 
 
 Abraham 311. 314, 625 
 Aquila 624, 025 
 Amos 407, 533 
 Anthony 407, 410, 414, 
 418, 419, 467, 5.35, 536, 
 579, 625 
 Benjamin 470 
 Charles 625 
 Charles D. 626 
 Charles T. 626 
 & Cogswell 533 
 
 Chase, Daniel 467, 625 
 David 483, 625 
 Deacon 243 
 Eben 5:54 
 Ebenezer .349 
 Edmund 400 
 Elbridge W. 526, 663 
 Ephraim 385, 467 
 Ezra 313, 328, 349, 381, 
 385, 399, 404, 4<15, 407, 
 408, 410, 414, 419 
 Frederick H. 626 
 George W. 191, 529, 530, 
 
 625, 626, 557, 663 
 Humphrey 314, 321, 328 
 Isaac 347, 351 
 Jacob 313, .331, 625 
 James 327, 413, 418, 419, 
 
 467, 569 
 John 314, 321, 328, 467, 
 
 625 
 Joseph 467, 625, 636, 637 
 Joshua 467, 625 
 Josiah 467 
 Leonard 385, 467 
 Moody 473 
 Moses M. 601 
 Moses 625 
 Nathaniel 315, 328 
 Phillip 025 
 Robert 625 
 Samuel 334, 534, 535, 536, 
 
 599 
 Simeon 025 
 Stephen 625 
 Tappan 515, 516, .53.5, 537 
 
 582, 603, 62.5, 626 
 Thomas N. 521 
 Thomas 625 
 W. D. S. 521, 594, 662 
 William .347, 408,467, 594 
 
 625, 626 
 Woodman 467, 474, 625 
 Chenarie, Chenary, 
 
 John 71, 72, 77, 256 
 Cheney, John 382 
 
 Thomas 311, 314 
 Checkley, Rev. Samuel 220, 247 
 Chiney, Daniel 383 
 
 Nathaniel 388 
 Chickering, John 467 
 Chipman, John 248 
 Choate, John 331, 567 
 Christv, or Christie, Mr. 298 
 ■peter 311 
 Thomas 311 
 Church, Noah 396 
 Clapp, Benjamin 4.''0 
 Clark, or Clarke, Aaron 572 
 
 Edward 72, 77, 78. 80, 143 
 
 256, 268, 274, 275 
 Ephraim 252 
 Hanniel 208, 268, 275 
 John 400 
 Jonathan 232, 252 
 Moses 342 
 Nathaniel 348, 414, 418, 
 
 424, 467 
 Samuel 2G8, 470 
 Stephen .396 
 Timothy 268 
 Rev. W. C. 612, 613 
 Rev. W. T. 562 
 Clay, Henry 656 
 Jonas 353 
 
vm 
 
 Clement, or Clements, 2S6 " 
 Abiah 232 
 Amos 393, 467 
 Benjamin 160, 314, 329, 
 
 348, 380, 388, 410, 414, 
 
 467 
 Christopher 389 
 David 273, 318, 356 
 Hannah 265 
 
 James 341, 395, 397, 411 
 Jeremiah 275 
 Jesse 160, 306 
 Job 38, 45, 48, 57, 58, 60, 
 
 67, 68, 69, 70, 72, 76, 77 
 80, 90, 106, 141, 237, 
 268, 269, 548J 
 
 John 48, 60, 70, 71, 72, 77 
 86, 90, 92, 94, 106, 128, 
 243, 256, 264, 269, 275, 
 302,213,314,349, 351, 
 467, 661 
 
 Moses 242, 243, 313 327, 
 329, 330, 346, 348,' 274, 
 380, 404, 435, 467 
 
 l^khaniel 232, 274, 275, 
 315, 329, 349, 351 
 
 Obadiah 311, 314 
 
 Peter 347 
 
 Robert 47. 48, 60, 62, 65, 
 
 68, 70, 72, 76, 77, 80, 84, 
 90, 110, 121, 133, 138, 
 256, 661 
 
 Ruth 265 
 
 Samuel 239, 275, 312, 315 
 329, 347, 348, 384, 467, 
 631 
 Timothy 341, 348. 354 
 William 352, 355, 357, 359 
 Clifford, Daniel 353 
 Clough. or Clugh, Daniel 512 
 Jethrew 343, 345 
 Mr. 306 
 Jonathan 152 
 Coburn, or Cobom. Benoni 353 
 
 Jonathan 298, 311 
 Cod, Phillip 198 
 Cobbett, Rev. Thomas 97, 115 
 Cockle, John 392 
 Coffin, 236 
 
 Admiral 52 
 
 Alex. G. 51 
 
 Charles 582, 623 
 
 Filbrick 340, 384 
 
 George 658 
 
 James 49 
 
 John 49 
 
 Joseph 486 
 
 Mr. 106 
 
 Narcissa B. 51 
 
 Peter 49, 76, 80 
 
 Robert 217 
 
 Tristram 45, 47, 49, 60, 72 
 
 80 
 William 227 
 Cogswell, Francis 626 
 George 487. 598 
 John 242, 313, 318, 327, 
 334, 347, 348, 393, 419, 
 428, 467, 659 
 Joseph 318 
 
 Nathaniel 242, 313, 318, 
 333, 347, 616, 626, 659, 
 660 
 Thomas S71, 374, 381, 
 389, 393, 428, 430, 467, 
 494, 626 
 
 Cogswell, Rev. W. 583 
 Coker, Joseph 118 
 Colby, Colbey, or Colbie, 
 
 Anthony 235, 238, 270, 
 279, 321, 548 
 
 Daniel 382, 383 
 
 Edmund 353 
 
 Ebenezer 313, 321, 328, 
 349, 381, 385 
 
 Elizabeth 467 
 
 Ephraim 467 
 
 Isaac 94, 313, 321, 349, 
 360 
 
 Jonathan 353 
 
 Nicholas 480, 491 
 
 Philbrook 341, 342, 343, 
 845, 351, 352, 357 
 
 Richard 313, 321, 350, 
 360, 578 
 
 S.imuel 93, 112 
 
 Theophelous 349 
 
 William 35.5, 356, 360 
 Cole, Benjamin 480 
 
 Rev. Charles H. 613 
 
 Eliph 396 
 
 Timothy 593 
 
 Colly, Nathan 353 
 Comings, Rev. E. J. 603, 605 
 Compton, William 100 
 Connelly, Christopher 343, 343 
 Cook, Benjamin 467 
 
 Ezra 335 
 
 Elisha 645 
 
 James 315, 348, 357 
 
 John 374 
 
 William 3.52, 357, 358, 
 360, 384, 389, : 96 
 Coon, John 342, 343. 345 
 Copp, Aaron 35>i, 543 
 
 David 311, 353 
 
 Josiah 311, 314 
 
 Moses 311 
 Corliss, Corly, or Colly. 
 
 Charles 628, 658 
 
 Daniel 355 
 
 Ephraim 74, 467, 627, 628 
 662 
 
 George 58, 60, 62, 67, 72, 
 77. 80. 106, 1?8, 186, 
 236. 266, 348, 627. 628 
 
 John 128, 138, 31,5, 329. 
 2.32, 242, 315, 329, 467, 
 627 
 
 John S., 348, 355. 418, 
 419, 467 
 
 Jonathan 487 
 
 Joseph 315, 348, 428, 627 
 
 Joshu.-. 341, 349 
 
 Mary 2-2 
 
 Stephen 470 
 
 Thomas 31.5, 329 
 Corser. Samuel 353 
 
 Thomas 358 
 Cosset, Rev. Rana 609 
 Cottle, Ezra 347, 336 
 
 Levi 360 
 
 Thomas ■'^21, 325, 328, 350 
 467, 491 
 
 William 467 
 Cotton, Rev. Rolland 109, 248 
 Cousins, Isaac 7.5, 77, 79 
 Cos, John 417 
 Craige, George 396 
 Cranch, William 429 
 Crawford, or Crafford, 
 
 Thomas 311, 353 
 
 Crawley. 126 
 Cronnid, Samuel 348 
 Crosby, Stephen S. 383 
 Cross, or Crosse, 
 
 Rev. Abijah 573, 574, 575, 
 
 655 
 John 4.3. 237 
 Peter 122 
 Stopheu 347, 350 
 William 237 - 
 Crowell. Calvin W. 540 
 James 399 
 John 514, 597 
 Johathan 540, 662 
 Lieut. 419 
 Samuel 355 
 Currier, Amos 341! 249, 414 
 
 Asa 351, 382, 383, 388, 
 
 397 
 Caleb«13, 321, 349, 351, 
 
 352 
 D. 323 
 
 Elizabeth 2^8 
 Franklin, 516 
 John 173, 238, 310 
 Jonathan 467 
 Joseph .397, 410 
 Nathaniel 536, 537 
 Reuben 302, 313, 321, 328 
 
 333. 349. 330, 351, 419, 
 
 4 .5, 467 
 Richard 385 
 Samuel 93. 164, 171, 172, 
 
 173, 232. 238, 252, 315, 
 
 34 (, 345 
 Willibee 516 
 Curtis, Asa 353 
 Curwin, Samuel 486 
 Gushing, Rev. Caleb 303, E99, 
 
 4(J7, 440. 563, 665 
 Caleb S. 486 
 Daniel 136 
 Rev. James 303, 563, 564, 
 
 583 
 Rev. James R. 582, 583, 
 
 662 
 Rev. Jeremiah 136, 138, 
 
 139 
 Rev. Jonathan 245, 246 
 Mr. 316, 317 
 Mrs. Anna 407 
 Peter .S96 
 Thomas 423 
 William 648 
 
 Dalton, Isaac 313 
 
 John 225 
 
 Samuel 94, 136, 161, 172 
 
 Stephen 133 
 
 Tristram 423, 650 
 Damon, Rev. Mr. 577, 598 
 Dana, 248 
 
 Rev. Mr. 574 
 
 Samuel 640 
 Danford, John 214 
 Danforth, Jonathan 102, 104, 122 
 
 Samuel 244 
 Davis. Amos 243, 249, 351, 467 
 
 Benjamin 276, 321. 356 
 
 Charles 382, 383. 388, 391 
 397, 410, 535. 536 
 
 Daniel 313, 327 
 
 EUiddge G, 516 
 
 Ephraim 80. 92, 115, 235, 
 274, 276, 313. 321 
 
 Elisha 173, 225, 252, 551 
 
IX 
 
 Davis, Ezekiel 243 
 ILnry ")8l» 
 Jainis. Sen. 60 62, 77, 
 
 ii. U)a. i:w. 2")U 
 
 J,im.s;?8. .'0. 5+. QX 73. 
 80. 91, U+, 2t3, 2.'52, 
 2-.6, 467. 12 
 J.iims, Jr., 01) 65 72,77, 
 
 SO, «8 93, 10(5, UO 
 Jer.m'ah 408 
 John 54, 60, 62. 71, 72, 
 74, 77.80. lo6, 148, 2 >6 
 313, 314, 34«, 389, 391, 
 397. 39-1, 420, 460, 486, 
 612,661 
 Joseph 54, 80, 93 94. 274 
 
 276 
 Joshua 637 
 Mr. 223 
 Mos.'s31.3, .328 
 Robert 276. 313, 4.33 
 Saiiiml 9.!, 235 268, 274, 
 270. 31!, 321, 329, 349 
 SUi.hen 143. 235 
 TliMmis47. 5-.'. 54,60. 62, 
 6.3, 70. 72. 77. 80, 83, 
 88, 94, 106, 111, 138, 
 143, 250, 276 
 William 061 
 Williiim N. 576 
 Davison. TUom.is 311 
 Davy, Humphrey 061 
 Dawen. 278 
 Day, William & Co. 
 Deacon. Rdward 397 
 D.ale, William 92 
 Dearbon., C. C 6>6 
 Delaware. O. H. fc'. 516 
 Dc-nnis, Moses 390 
 D,;uiiisoii, .MM Gen. 97, 103, 124 
 Rev. .John 109 
 .lohn 103 
 D'ke, Eilward R 516, 603 
 D.moml. John -42 
 
 Thomas 313 | 
 
 Dinah (Nejtro) 241 
 Dinsmore, tVancis 336, .383, 414 
 Dix, J.inies 385 
 Dodge, Kphraim 393 
 Davifl 313 
 Joseph 386, 395. 423, 435, 
 
 467, 550 
 Rev. Joshua 429, 488, 494 
 558. .559 
 Donalds, Reuben 396 
 Dow, 354 
 
 Ab'sail 238 
 •Benjam'n 359 
 Daniel •3H9 
 Isaac 347. 3.50 
 James 3)3 
 'Jerimiah353 
 John 156. 174, 256, ?04. 
 311. 314, 318, 342, .382, 
 383, 388, 392, 393, 397 
 ,502. 558 
 Joseph 329 
 Moses 428 
 P.fer 311. 314 
 Polly 483 
 Rich ird 353 ' 
 Ruth -'38 
 Samuel 215. .313 
 St-pli'ii !ii 142. 143. 1.56 
 157. 104, 163. 174, 193, 
 230, 263. 314, 353 
 
 Dow, Thomas 80, 82 
 
 T m .thv. 311, 314 
 Downes. \i. R. 610 
 Dowuinij. lohn 384. .391, 470 
 
 Moses 390. .397, 411 
 Downer, .lolin 418 
 Dresser, N. P. 516 
 Draper. Adam 2 15 
 Dudlev. Geor^re 650 
 
 Paul 291, 
 Dummer. Rich ird 65 
 
 H(tv. Sliubal 39 
 Duncan. Abraham 623 
 George 452, 628 
 Grant .396 
 John 628 
 
 James 60, 338, 348, 386, 
 
 393, 395, 404, 4.'8, 451 
 
 452. 467, 490. 494, 553, 
 
 588, 628, 632 
 
 James, Jr. 374, 428, 451 
 
 452. 470 
 James H 429. 4 6, 494, 
 501, .504, 5o7, 509, 521, 
 523, 5. '6, 542, 609, 0.8 
 661, 662, 663 
 Mrs. James U. 501 
 Robert 6 .'8 
 Samuel 374, 393, 628 
 Samuel W. 156, 168,429, 
 
 486.488, 489.628 
 Mrs. S.inmel W. 309 
 Samuel B. 628 
 William 628 
 Durgan. Benjamin 356 
 
 James .3'.i6 
 Daston. Du^tin. or Durstan 
 Abigail 232 
 Caleb 319 
 Charles 197 
 D ivid 467 
 
 Dudlev 38?, 388, 395 
 Kbenezer 400 
 Hannah 15.', 183, 187, 192 
 
 197, 308, 658 
 James 353 
 John 311, 313, 658 
 Jonathan l^'O. 205, 311, 
 315, .329, 331, 340, 341, 
 348. 382, 383, 388, 893, 
 41(>, 658 
 Joshua 347 
 Josiah 194 
 Mrs. Lucia H. 191 
 Mo.«esa56, 360 
 Nathaniel 197, 23.5, 31.5, 
 348.351, 389, 467, 638 
 Obadiah 319 
 Kach.l 407 
 Samuel 314. 319 
 Steph.^n 393 
 
 Thomas 94. 128, 138, 185. 
 192, 193. 194, 195, 196, 
 200, 2.36 313. 319, 328, 
 329. 469. 482, 630, 618 
 Timothv 658 
 & Treat 407 
 Dwight, Dr. 19.3, 4.59. 461 
 Dyer, Christopher 626 
 
 Eastman or Kasraan, 253 
 Capt. 333 
 ElMnez.r 254, 257, 266. 
 
 274, 276. 278, 283, :;S9, 
 
 590 
 Ephraim 476 
 
 85 
 
 Eastman. .Teremiah 276 
 John .340 
 Joseph 276 
 j(m ith in 23.5, 269 
 Moses 270 
 Nathnii.l 276 
 Oliadiah 276 
 Peter 3 11 
 Phll'p94, 125, 123, 138, 
 
 254, -'76 
 Rtiger -76 
 Sarah 198 
 Thomas 94, 128 
 William 34 
 Easterbrooks Hannah 467 
 
 Samuel 349 
 Eames, Capt. 432 
 
 Daniel 407. 440 
 
 Moses 342. 347 
 
 Samuel 347, 350, 407, 403 
 430, 467 
 
 Theodore 630 
 Earwin, Joseph 311, 314 
 Eaton or Eatton. Rev. Asa 609 
 
 Amos 418 420, 467 
 
 Benjam'n 348 
 
 David 341, 347, 354, 356 
 
 Deacon 3.36 
 
 Ebenezer 232, 266 
 
 ElbridgeG. 528,597,662 
 
 Elijah 470 
 
 Enoch 382, 383 
 
 Hannah 238 
 
 Isaiah 382, 383. 388 
 
 James 315, 329, 349 
 
 Job 235 
 
 John Sen., 106, 272, 313, 
 
 John 60. 72, 77, 80. 88, 92 
 173 235. 239 256. 26-5, 
 315, 328. 382, 383. 388, 
 391, 39.3, 433, .5.50 
 
 Jonathan 173, 231, 233, 
 31.5. 349 
 
 Joseph,348, 410, 414, 415, 
 417. 418. 419, 467 
 
 Judith 230 
 
 Moses 313, 321, .329, ^341, 
 349 
 
 Nathaniel 356. 358, 
 383, 388. 491, 414 
 
 Phitieas 467 
 
 Peter 630 
 
 Eebeccah 467, 470 
 
 Robert W. 487 
 
 S. 224 
 
 Samuel 312, 314, 565 
 
 Timothv H7. .31.3, 
 329, 334, 348. 372, 
 377.380, 381, 399, 404^ 
 405, 410, 414, 417, 419, 
 420. 467. 509, 580 
 
 Thomas .52, 72, 80, 164, 
 168. 173. 198, 208, 256, 
 257, 268, 315, 328 
 
 Ward 473 
 Edes. Beniamin Jr., 459, 652 
 Edwards. Rev. Dr. 498 
 
 & Harding 537 
 
 John 313.. 329, .349 
 
 Nathan'el 313. 349 
 
 William 419. 470. 636 
 Ela, Dan\l 52. 88. 92, 100. 1''2. 
 131, 134, 138. 140, 141, 
 143, 173, 174, 17.5, 238, 
 265, 313, 321, 323 
 
 382, 
 
 321, 
 P74, 
 
Ela, Israel 313, 321, 328 
 
 Jacob 275, 313, 328, 885, 
 
 418, 419, 420, 4G7 
 John 232, 235, 238, 313, 
 
 380, 381, 418, 419, 420 
 Jonathan 385, 4G7 
 Samuel 232, 313, 321, 329 
 
 349, 382, 383, 388, 407, 
 
 408 
 Elexander, Sartle 416 
 Elkins, Joseph 396 
 Elliott, or Eliot, 
 
 Ephraim 380, 393, 419, 
 
 467, 581 
 Rev. John 96 
 Thomas 467 
 Emerson, Abraham 467 
 Amos 349 
 Beniamin 174, 237, 811, 
 
 499, 548, 659 
 Beniamin 2d 515, 516, 535 
 
 603 
 Daniel 467 
 David 204, 311, 314 
 Elezer 349 
 Elizabeth 145 
 Ephraim 311, 314 
 Ithamar 315, 327, 330, 343 
 
 349, 414, 467 
 Jabesh 314, 659 
 James 341, 343, 345, 346, 
 
 343, 349, 354, 355, 358, 
 
 360, 388 
 James H. 429 
 Jeremiah 418, 419 
 Jesse 585 
 John 315, 329, 342, 346, 
 
 349, 418, 467 
 Jonathan 156, 174, 188, 
 
 206, 215, 223, 231, 236, 
 
 315, 329, 345. 348, 351, 
 
 419, 541, 548, 567, 630 
 Joseph 52, 149, 174. 235, 
 
 237, 303, 314, 315, 329, 
 342, 346, 348, 351, 358, 
 360, 382, 383, 388, 391, 
 417,418, 419, 548 
 Josiah 345, 349, 418, 467 
 Luther 522 
 Mark 347, 382, 389 
 Mehitebal (widow) 314 
 Michael 52, 86. 92, 122, 
 i:^0, 138, 145, 1«4, 174, 
 192, 208, 315, 329, 348, 
 418, 630, 658 
 Moses 382, 383, 388, 389, 
 
 392, 400. 467, 630 
 Moses E. 510 
 Nathan 486, 630 
 Nathaniel 122, 232, 486 
 Nehemiah222, 223, 229. 
 314, 347, 384, 393, 418, 
 
 420, 424, 429. 467, 470, 
 543. 630 
 
 Obadiah 315 
 
 Orenzo T. 526' 
 
 Peter 315, 348, 355, 383, 
 
 383. 388, 418, 419, 539 
 Phillip 353, 357 
 Eichard 313, 327, 330, 347 
 
 356 
 Robert 52, 94, 115, 116, 
 
 137, 140, 195, 311, 314 
 Euth418 
 Samuel 164, 235, 315. 329 
 
 382, 383, 630 
 
 Emerson, Stephen 274, 276, 311, 
 
 315 
 
 Susannah 467 
 
 Thomas 198 
 
 Timothy 198, 311, 314, 
 315, 329, 348, 351, 467, 
 541, 567 
 
 Toothaker W. 343 
 
 Webster 355, 358 
 
 William 341 
 
 & West 536 
 Emery, Benjamin 357 536 
 
 Caleb 353 
 
 Ephraim 429, 467 
 
 Humphrey 311 
 
 John 79, 158, 348, 407, 
 467 
 
 Jonathan 311 
 
 Joshua 315, 348, 349, 382, 
 383, 388, 417, 418, 419 
 
 Moses 468 
 
 Noah 353 
 Endicott, John 27. 143 
 Evans. David 593. 606 
 Fales. Rev. T. F. 610 
 Farley, George 129 
 Farmer, William 352 
 Farnsworth, Rev. Thomas G. 
 
 574, 596, 655. 6G2 
 Farnham. Barachias 328, 337 
 
 Douglass 592 
 
 James 407 
 
 John 347 
 Farnnum. David 348, 352, 354, 
 356 
 
 John 430 
 
 Roswell 536 
 
 William 350. 356 
 Farrar, Kimball 537 
 Farwell, Rev. Asa 575 
 
 J. H. 656 
 Favor, John 39, 45, 72 
 Fay, Aaron 358 
 
 Galen H. 429, 652 
 Felt, Joseph B. 556 
 Ferren, Alpheus 396 
 Fessenden. Josiah 383 
 
 Moses 428 
 Finney, Rev. Geo. W. 604 
 Fiske, James 60. 04. 71, 72, 74, 
 77, 80, 256 
 
 Rev. 246 
 Firman, Gyles 35 
 Fitch, Rev. Charles 516, 604 
 Fitts & Roberts 536 
 
 D. F. 662 
 Fitz, Nathaniel 470 
 Flagg, Joseph 347? 
 Flanders, Joseph 516 
 
 William 353 
 Fletcher. Rev. C. 595 
 Fling, Peter 341 
 Flint, or FIvnt, Edward 300, 313 
 
 324, 327, 332 
 Flood, Daniel 353 
 
 Richard 311 
 
 Silas 343, 344, 353 
 Folsom, Rev. N. P. 5G2 
 FoUonsbee, John 486, 534 
 
 Thomas 300, 312, 314 
 
 William 313 
 Foot, Enoch 662 
 
 John 355 
 
 Nathaniel 516 
 
 Rowel 347 
 
 Foot, Samuel 184 
 Ford, James 174 
 
 Mary 160 
 
 Robert 94, 138, 155, 311 
 
 Robert, Jr. 52. 264, 268 
 
 Samuel 143, 155 
 Foss, John 480 
 Forsh. Askebell 311 
 Foster, Abiel 313 
 
 Asa 592 
 
 Isaac 346 
 
 John 353 
 
 Jonathan 408 
 
 Oliver 470 
 
 Phineas 264 
 
 Samuel 342, 343, 345, 
 347, 354, 416 
 Foules, Benjamin 347, 352, 355, 
 
 357 
 Fowler, Benjamin 350 
 
 Mr. 276 
 Franklin; Jonathan 165 
 French. John 312. 314 
 
 Jonathan 557 
 
 Moses 534 
 
 Nathaniel 300 
 
 Sampson 352. 356, 357 
 
 Sampson, Jr. 353 
 Frink, Andrew 326, 327, 330, 486 
 496 
 
 John 341, 342, 344, 347 
 
 Jonathan 345 
 Frost, Cato (Nesro) 396 
 Frothingham, E: G. 657 
 Frye, James 346. 361, 388, 389, 
 390, 392, 623 
 
 William F. 470 
 Fuller, J. & N. S. .'536 
 
 John S. 597 
 Fulsom, (See Folsom) Josiah 347 
 
 Samuel 396 
 
 Samuel B. 410 
 
 Gage. Abel 419 
 
 Alfred 516, 603 
 Ebenezer 347, 384, 407, 
 
 428, 468. 663 
 Job 331, 347, 359, 382, 
 
 383, 388, 393, 397, 410 
 John 313, 324, 327, 353, 
 
 384, 395, 400, 408 
 Joseph 353 
 
 Josiah 94. 132. 135, 138, 
 
 139. 141, 142, 164, 174, 
 
 208 
 Lemuel 388 
 Mr. 453 
 
 Rev. Nathaniel 562 . 
 Samuel 315. 329, 397, 411 
 Solomon 358 
 Stephen 315, 349 
 Thomas 347, 370, 468 
 Gale, Benjamin 313, 3i7, 330, 
 
 346, 433 
 Daniel 347 
 James 501, 502, 654 
 Moses 428, 468, 491, 532 
 Samuel 347 
 Stephen 349 
 Gardner, C<(pt. 217 
 James .535 
 Rev. Joshua 232, 234, 241 
 
 2-14. 25H, 547. 548 
 . Samuel, Jr. 486 
 Guy, or Guie, 
 
 William 341, 349, 359 
 
XI 
 
 tJatchell, Ezra 3o9 
 
 Nathaniel 312, 314 
 Gates, Gen. 4o;j, 623 
 Oeorge, Amos -419, 408 
 
 Austin 341, 347, 407, 468 
 
 David 349, 385 
 
 Gideon 313, 321, 328, 344, 
 345, 346, 349. 4u7, 414, 
 578, 648 
 
 James 79 
 
 John 238, 313, 321, 328, 
 350 
 
 John S.418 
 
 Jonathan 347, 350 
 ' Joseph T. GOl 
 
 Justin 414 
 
 Lewis 382, 383, 388, 468 
 
 Moses D. 526 
 
 Eiehard 468 
 
 Samuel 344, 348, 354, 382 
 535, 537 
 
 & Whittier 536 
 
 William 313, 321, 328, 
 348, 349, 356, 487 
 Gerrish, Col. 389 
 
 Samuel 341 
 Gerry, Gov. 619 
 Gidding, George 43 
 GOe, Guile, or Gild, 
 
 Aaron 537 
 
 Asa 342, 343, 345, 347, 
 350 
 
 Amos 393 468 
 
 Daniel 314 
 
 Ephraim 1G4, 174, 235, 
 263, 347, 548 
 
 Goodman 106 
 
 James 313, 328,468 
 
 James F. 526 
 
 John 138, 143, 171; 347, 
 352, 353, 356, 463 
 
 Joseph 268 
 
 Joshua 353 
 
 Mehetable 238 
 
 Mr. 258 
 
 Sarah 238 
 
 Samuel 38, 52, 60, 71, 72, 
 77, 80, 88, 93, 98, 138, 
 236, 313, 328, 347 
 Gill, Daniel 312 
 
 Ebenezer 311 
 
 Joseph 311 
 
 Moses 311 
 Gilman, Capt. 389, 396 
 
 John 53 
 
 Eev. Josiah 576 
 
 Jno. Moody 359 
 
 Kathaniei 359 
 Gilmer, M. 516 
 Gilmore, James 311 
 
 Robert 311 
 
 Wil'iam 311 
 Gin, (Negro) 241 
 Gibson, Gipson. or Jipson, 
 
 John 382, 383, 396, 398, 
 411 
 Girdler, John 636 
 Glover, John 403, 408 
 Gleason, David 470, 637 
 
 Macajah 389, 391 
 Goffe, John 348, 355 
 Goldwin, George 72, 106 
 Googins, Mr. 565 
 Goodrich, or Goodridge 161 
 
 Barnard 468, 490, 596 
 
 John 385, 468, 
 
 Goodrich, Rev. M. 598 
 
 Timothy, Jr., 305, 565 
 Gookin, Mr. 30 
 Gorden, Michael 311 
 Goss, or Gross, John 348, 355, 
 
 397, 408, 414 
 Gould, Francis 652 
 William 4U 
 Graves, Ebenezer 407 
 James .Hll 
 Samuel 311 
 Graham, John 411 
 Gray, Harrison 346 
 Great Tom (Indian) 43 
 Greelee, Grealy, or Grealey, 
 
 Andrew 99, 100, 106, 111, 
 
 130, 133, 170, 532 
 Benjamin 128, 313, 329, 
 
 350, 516 
 Joseph 143, 171, 173, 238, 
 242, 313, .321, 328, 333, 
 349, 350, 38.5, 418, 420, 
 468, 535, 537, 578, 581 
 Gregory, Jonas 122 
 Green, David 400 
 Ebenezer 344 
 Jacob 384, 400 
 John 313, 329, 393, 468, 
 
 470, 490 
 Moses 470 
 Nathaniel 314, 653 
 Peter 94, 173, 194, 195, 
 235, 238, 239, 269, 275, 
 313, 321, 329, 578, 653 
 Greenleaf, Abel 468 
 Caleb 468 
 
 Daniel 357, 374, 430 
 Dorothy 468 
 Ebenezer 468 
 Edmund 324, 327, 330 
 Henry 355 
 
 Samuel 374, 393, 593 
 Sarah 470 
 
 William 327, 346, 357, 
 367, 374, 375, 380, 393, 
 397, 411, 419, 428, 429, 
 430, 468 
 Greenough, Allen 346 
 
 Ebenezer 374, 400, 429 
 
 Moses 360 
 
 Parker 542 
 
 Robert 353 
 
 Sally and Betsy 463 
 
 Simeon 390 
 
 Symonds 327, 333, 345 
 
 347 
 Thomas M. 486 
 William 374, 429, 553, 
 653 
 Greenwood, Rev. Thomas J. 597 
 Gridley, Col. 389, 390 
 Griffin, Mr. 217 
 
 Daniel 341, 349, 357, 382, 
 
 383, 388, 392 
 Ebenezer 382, 383, 388 
 Grimes, Charles G. 536 
 
 James 536 
 Griswell, Eev. A. V. 609 
 Grosvenor, Rev. M. G. 571 
 Gubtal & Haseltine 535 
 Guilford, Eev. H. P. 593, 657 
 Gutterson, John 237, 252 
 Gyles, John 226 
 
 Haddock, Charles 347, 400, 407 
 Daniel 429 
 
 Haddock, James 468 
 Hadly, Abel 358 
 
 George 352, 353, 357, 358 
 Hagar (Negro) 220, 241 
 Hale, 429 
 
 Christopher 486 
 
 Ebenezer 326, 327, 330 
 
 Edman 243, 312, 314 
 
 Enoch 353 
 
 Ezekiel 215, 468, 474, 481 
 482, 486, 499, 506, 510, 
 511, .541, 603 
 
 Ezekiel, Jr., 516 
 
 E. M. J. 661 
 
 Joseph 348, 355 
 
 James 662 
 
 Samuel 486 
 
 Sarah J. 186 
 
 Thomas 60, 63, 6.5, 68, 71 
 72, 73, 76, 83, 106 
 
 William 516 
 Hall, Charles 356, 358 
 
 Charles B. 662 
 
 John 347 
 
 Joseph 407 
 
 Nathaniel 347 
 
 Prince 240 
 
 Thomas 311 
 
 Samuel 84 
 Hammond, A. W. 499 
 
 E. H. 525 
 Hamilton, Robert 336 
 Hancock, John 423, 619 
 
 William 311, 313, 327 330 
 Hanniford, Asa 539 
 
 Zachariah 313, 321, 341, 
 358 
 Hanson, Elizabeth 1.52 
 
 Rev. J. W. 599 
 Hardy, Daniel 392 
 
 Joseph 385 
 
 Timothy 242, 314, 326 
 Harmon, David P. 534 
 
 George 0. 516 
 
 James 516 
 
 William 397 
 
 & Kimball 535, 536 
 Harding, Isaac 657 
 
 Jesse 429, 471, 482, 534, 
 535 
 
 John M. 657 
 
 Thomas 537, 662 
 Harris, or Harrice, Abiel 466 
 
 Eeniamin 350 
 
 C. D. 470 
 
 Rev. Edward N. 589 
 
 David 348, 393 
 
 Jonathan 343, 355, 393, 
 400 
 
 John H. 656 
 
 Rev. J. M. 595 
 Harriman, Abner 312, 314 
 
 Edwin 504, 655 
 
 Enoch 419 
 
 Jesse 317 
 
 Joel 347, 350, 382, 383, 
 407, 414, 415, 419, 420 
 
 John 268, 269, 312, 314 
 
 Jonathan 349, 351 
 
 Joseph 243, 312, 314, 316 
 
 Joshua 243, 314 
 
 Leonard 312, 314 
 
 Matthew 94, 138, 174, 195 
 235, 237, 239, 252, 268, 
 269, 283, 314 
 
 Moses 384, 393, 408 
 
xu 
 
 Harriman, Page 341, 343, 349 
 Euhard 314, 327 
 Piiimul 585 
 S-n.on 407, 409, 409 
 Sujilun 314, 3:.'7, 347, 348 
 Tnistworthv 414 
 "Willv.m 397, 411 
 Harrod, 176 
 
 Beiijiimin 242 
 James 74 
 Josi ph 428, 468 
 Harrison, Gen. 629 
 Hart, Thomas 661 
 Hastltine, Am(i?545 
 Benjamin .113 
 Charles 536 ' 
 Daniel 345, 346, 349 
 Henry 312, 314 
 James 315, 329, 348, 3.51, 
 400. 419. 453, 468, 470 
 Jeremi.ih 3to, 348, 418, 
 
 419, 420 
 Juhn 69. 72. 74, 93, 94. 
 116. 128, 135. 138, 155, 
 164, 172, 174, 23.5, 249, 
 ai.3, 315, .328, -MQ, 356, 
 468, 548, .549. 661 
 Jonathan 313, 341, 345, 
 
 .346, .348, 355 
 Joseph 315, 328, 342, 345, 
 
 ; 49, 567 
 Ladd 468, 492 
 Lydia 417, 420 
 Maxe 347 
 
 Moses 382, 383, 388, 417 
 Nathan 314, 327. 3'0, 348 
 Nalhanirl 94, 128, 1.38, 
 
 155, 170. 174, 237, 315 
 rh=lip 315, 329, 417, 661 
 roily 318 
 Riehard 389. 420 
 HoIm rt 69, 74, 84, 86 
 Ruih417. 420 
 Samuel 232. 241, 25.3, 315 
 H27, 342, 345, 348, 351, 
 420 
 Sarah 238 
 Timothv 313 
 Ward 662 
 William .500 
 Hassel. Rev. Kohert 263, 562 
 Hartshorn. John 94, 1.38 
 Ruth 160 
 Susannah 232 
 Thomas 94, 128, 138, 221, 
 oo_^ 
 
 Hastings. Georsre .313, 321, 828 
 John 252, .348, 419 
 Levi 414, 416 
 Robert 94, 238. 279, 284, 
 
 31.3, ,321, 349, 577, 578 
 William 653, 654 
 Hatch Aroet 5 3 
 Kstes 220 
 
 R.'v. Leonard B. 593, 594 
 rhel)e 408 
 & Spoflord 533 
 Haynes, or Haines, Ammi 418 
 Amy R. 348, .351 
 I'.avid 348, ?51 
 Guy C. 185. 203 
 Jonathan 184, 198, 199, 
 
 31.5, '28, .399 
 s, Joseph 181. 198, 201, 242 
 31.5, 338, .348. .351, 372. 
 379, 380, 404, 468, 567, 
 568 
 
 Hayes. Mary 184 
 Moses 5:-i5 
 r. rly 398, 411 
 Ph'neas '■45 
 Rev. Mr. 303 
 Thomas 184. 271, 315 327 
 3:i3, 400, 468, 565, 666, 
 567 
 Hayes, Thomas M. 519 
 & Pimberton 537 
 Hazzen, Hannah 265 
 
 John 242, 316. 317, 353 
 Moses 53, 243, 264, 274, 
 276, 303, 313, 329, 332, 
 342, 343, 345, 348 
 Gen. Moses 53 62.3, 640 
 Riehard 17.3, :'53, 261, 
 26> 267. 271, 274, 
 276, 289, 291, 292, 294, 
 2::6, 298, 299, 31.3, 316, 
 327, 330, 333, 513, 551, 
 661 
 Sarah 265 
 Head. John L. 516 
 Heath, Bartholomew ,52, 60, 71, 
 72, 73. 74, 77, 80, 88. 93 
 100, 213, 256, 266, 312, 
 314 
 Benjamin 311 
 Caleb 311 
 Daniel 348 
 David 300, 311, 359 
 Enoeh 416 
 Goodman 106 
 Hannah 238 
 James 237, 2GS, 311 
 John 80. 88, 94, 115, 200, 
 213, 235, 269, 276, 311, 
 312, 314 
 Joseph 174, 237, 312, 314, 
 
 548 
 Joshua 352, 357 
 Josiah 94. 200, 235. 237, 
 
 268, 312, 314, .353, 548 
 Mr. 273 
 Nathaniel 311 
 N. h. niiah 274, 276, 312, 
 
 314 
 Richard 311 
 Samuil 312, 314, 389, 537 
 
 590 
 Sylvanns 347, 355 
 Stiph. n 342 
 
 William 264, 312, 314, 
 353 
 Hendriek, Abraham 160 
 Israel 156, 164 
 Jonathan l.'S. 2.35 
 Jotliam 138, 17 , 208, 239 
 
 244 
 Daniel 52, 60. 72 7.5. 77, 
 80,8.3, 106. 143, 256661 
 Hertf 1 of Chamblv 224 
 Henry, Patrick 379 
 Henshaw Jo>hua 411 
 Herrick Daniel 313 
 Hersey, Cabb .521, 5.35, 537,653, 
 654, 662 
 & Whittier 537 
 Houston, Heuston, or Huston, 
 John 313 
 
 John A & Co. 541 ' 
 William 410 
 Hewit, Rev. Mr. 498 
 Heyward, Oliver 221 
 Hibbard, Daniel 356 
 
 Hyde, James 342, 345 
 Hills, Daniel 84. ?fl.3, 418, 4l9 
 Grorj^e \V. 470 
 Rev. Ste|ihin P. 589 
 Nathan'el 429 
 Hilton Binj;m"n;.l5 
 Hind, John 121 
 Hiukley. Rev. Fredrick 560 
 
 John 327, 
 Hobson, Daniel 534, 536 
 Hodge, Capt. .342 
 Hogg, Hog, or Hoag 
 John 311 
 Joseph 51 
 Samuel 343 
 William 311 
 Hopkins. John 31 
 Holdridge, William 72, 77, 256 
 Hol_?ate James 313, 321 
 Holt, Josi ph 155 
 
 Nicholas 99 
 nollaway'410 
 Hopkins, ,516 
 
 Thomas 395, 410 
 Hopewell (Indian) 241 
 Horstord, R. v. Benj. JF. 600, 612 
 Horner, Thomas 311 
 Hovey, Mr. 609 
 J. 484 
 R. P. 486 
 How, Howe, Calvin W. 486 
 
 David 391. 429, 460, 468, 
 490, 512, .533, 540, 588, 
 631, 632, 633, 634, 662 
 David W. 631 
 Isaac 468, 540, 541, ,542 
 Isaac R. 429, 498, 501, 
 
 634, 650, 654 
 Mrs. I. R. 501 
 Isaiah 199 
 James 429, 631 
 Jacob 662 
 Mosi's 344 
 Nathl S. 661 
 Phineas 540, 542 
 Sarah 588 
 & Miteh.ll 542 
 Howard, Beniamiu 342, 344, 345 
 J.ihn 313 
 Jo.shua 317, 347 
 Hoyf, Hoiti, or Hoight, 
 Daniel 635 
 George H. 52S 
 Jabez .353 
 John 71, 72, 184 
 Moses 468 
 
 AVilliam '342, 343, 345, 
 353, 480. 537 
 Howlett, Ensign 65 
 Hubbard, Dav=d 468 
 liev. Ml. 108 
 Hudson, James 430 
 Hull, J.hn 128 
 Humphrey, Rev. Edward 593 
 Uuukings, or llunkins. 
 
 B. njaniin .3.52, 357, 358 
 
 Caleb D. 661 
 
 ])avid 468 
 
 Hannah 420 
 
 John 311 
 
 Jonathan 385. 468 
 
 Robert 23.5, 238, 279, 313, 
 
 321, ,329. .349 
 Thomas 313, ,321, 349 
 Hunt, Jonathan 353 
 
 ^^ I 
 
Hnnt, Sntnnel 313 
 Iluse, Cii|)t, 47+ 
 
 John 0-18. 429. 4C8 
 
 Sti pluii 3Ui, 327, ;i:!0, 348 
 nuss'y, Chiisto|iliir 38, 60, 72 
 Hutch'iiN nr Huti-lrrigs, 
 
 Bcnianiin 174 
 
 David 313 
 
 llezekiah 344 
 
 JiTtmirth ;U8, 509 
 
 John 62, 72, 79, 83, 87, 99 
 106, 118, 208, 235, 241, 
 2.-)6, 397, 410, 411 
 
 Jonathiin 311 
 
 Joseph 94, 138, 208, 223, 
 315, 328, 54, 357, 567 
 
 Nathan 315 
 
 Kobrrt 243 
 
 Samuel 94, 128, 132, 138, 
 164, 174, 208, 235, 252, 
 315, 661 
 
 Thomas 119 
 
 Willi:^m 348, 355, 356 
 Hutthinsiin, Kl'sha 516 
 
 Lt. Gov. 361, 370 
 
 Ingalls, Eldad 315 
 
 Elias T. 499 
 
 Jlenry 341,468 
 
 Tim .thy 343 
 
 & Jiihuscin 536 
 Ingcrfiuhl, John "42, 345 
 
 Pct.r 342, 345, 347 
 Ingersoll, Riv. Ira 571 
 
 Johu 480 
 
 Zebuliim 470 
 Ingrahiim, Josiah 358 
 
 Jack (Negi-o) 358 
 Jackm'ii, Moses 312, 314 
 
 Samuel 407 
 Jackson, Alajur 442, 447 
 
 Stephen 382, 383, 393 
 Jacques. A. B, 432, 464 
 
 John 349, 358 
 
 Stephen 247, 281 
 Jarvis, \\ni635 
 J.tteis, John 349 
 Jekyll, Johu 645 
 Jeuuesou, .Matthew 389 
 JenuiS!:, Cornelius 516, 537 
 Jenuin^'S. Rev. John 595 
 Jenny (Negro) 242 
 JeweU, Joseph 74, SO, 88, 256, 
 257 
 
 Stephen 649 
 
 Sewill E. 516 
 Jipson, John 396, 398 
 JoUusoii, Allan M. 636 
 
 An<lrc\v 539, 597, 636 
 
 Benjamin 468, 636 
 
 Charles 317 
 
 Charles E. 636 
 
 Cornelius 314, 329, 346 ' 
 
 Daniel 24.3, 313, 314, 328, 
 ;-'46, 349, 380, 41)7, 408, 
 414, 415, 420, 474, 496, 
 579, 635, 636 
 
 Elias 358, 410, 418, 419, 
 420, 468, 579, 581, 582, 
 636 
 
 Enoch 348 
 
 t'redrick 6'!6 
 
 Erederiek W. 636 
 
 George 636 
 
 Johnson, Georje ITazen 636 
 
 Hannah 210. 625,035, 636 
 Hazen \V. 0!6 
 lleriiert .M. 636 
 J. Hcniy 516 
 James T. 6:6 
 John 72, 88, 92, 94, 107, 
 128, l.!7, 141, 158, 164, 
 172, 174, 221, 22.5, 228, 
 2.56, 257, 276, 314, 1^2 i, 
 398, 410, 429, 468, 469, 
 470, 484, 485, 495, 618, 
 625, 6 i4, 6 6, 661 
 Jonathan 210, 312, 314 
 Joseph 72, 92, 94, 106, 188 
 164. 174. 2f7, :"04, .393, 
 396, 548. 602, 635, 6a6 
 Leonard 537. 636 
 Maverick 313, 329, 349, 
 
 4U», 6 !5 
 Michael 311, 317 
 Moses 6;!6 
 
 Nathaniel 268, 269, 312, 
 
 314, 329, 347, 350, 468, 
 
 635, 6 6 
 
 Nathan 582, 583, 616, 637 
 
 Peter 343, 346, 418, 420, 
 
 6 '6 
 Samuel 313, 327, 347, 399, 
 
 597, 635, 6 6, 662 
 Saniutl M 480 
 Sarah 2 ;8 (Sally) 590 
 Setli 242, 349, 418, 419, 
 
 420, 636 
 Stephen 2 5, 311 
 Susannah 409 
 Thomas 225, 235, 2^7, 
 238, 252, 313, 314, 317, 
 328, 468, 483, 548, 582, 
 6 15, 6 iO 
 Timothy 274, 276, 310, 
 349, .i51, 352, 57, 358, 
 382, 383, 388, 391, 407, 
 41 i, 414. 415, 418, 420, 
 440, !5, 6 ;0 
 ■Wa>hington 88, 516, 637 
 William 174, 231, 235, 252 
 268, 302. 310, 314, 329, 
 41.5,420, 6M, 635, 6 17 
 ■William JB'.Oie 
 Zacariah 311 
 & Giorge 
 John (Inrlian) 43,297 
 Jones, Abm r 590, 592 
 Joshua 416 
 Jos-ah 396 
 Jose. Richard 411 
 Judith, (Negro) 243 
 Judson A. .ir. 6+2. 043 
 Kancamaj.'us (Indian) 31 
 Keeky, Rev. George 332, 4';9, 
 458, 499, 588, 589, 662 
 Josiah 521 
 C base & Co. 536 
 KelcT, Alexander 311 
 Kelly, or Kell.y, 
 
 John & Co. 5-6 
 Jose ph 279, 313, .321, 329, 
 349, 380, 407, 414, 469, 
 578 
 Langlev 407. 408 
 Richard : 05, 349 
 Kendrick, or Kenrick, 490 
 Abner408 
 Daniel 374 
 
 Kendrick, John 463 
 Kendall, As iph 470, ,596 
 
 R< V. S. E. 575 
 Keniiiston, .lolin 126 
 Kent, Jeremiah 353 
 
 John :ill 
 
 Justin 429. 468 
 
 Richard 272 
 
 Stephen 70, 72, 76, 77, 78, 
 80, 81,88, 119, 256 
 Kezar, Kezcr, or Keyzar, 
 
 Ebenezar 3 13 
 
 George 198 
 
 John 121, 128, 139, 142, 
 101, 172, 17.3, 311, 313, 
 315, 348, 417, 420 
 
 Moses, 393, :98, 410 
 
 Timothy '47, 350, 355,468 
 Kimball, A. L. 0-57 
 
 Abigail 198 
 
 Abner31.3, ;'27,333, S85, 
 398. 410 
 
 Abraham 313, 327, 330, 
 345 
 
 Benjamin 153, 468 
 
 Betsey 590 
 
 Charles O. 499 
 
 Cotton 384, 400, 468 
 
 David 359, 468 
 
 David C. 571 
 
 Ebeiiezer 3.52, 3,54, 357 
 
 Edmund 407, 537 
 
 Eliphalet 4^9 
 
 llazen 487 
 
 Hermon 516 
 
 Henry i;8, 133 
 
 Jabez 429 
 
 James 3+8, 383, 384. 388, 
 389. .''99, 407, 468 
 
 John 125, 198, 27.5, 470 
 
 Jonathan 311, 353, ,i5l, 
 414, 468 
 
 Joseph 12.5, .357, 480 
 
 Joshua 399 
 
 Mary (widow) 312, 314 
 
 Moses 468, 480 
 
 Rev. Mo.^es 635 
 
 Nathan 408 
 
 Nathan S. 063 
 
 Nathaniel 389, 393 
 
 Ph-nehis4i3 
 
 llich.trd 201, 308,410,414 
 418, 429, 468, 535, 536 
 
 Samuel 312, 314, 393 
 
 Solomon 408 
 
 Th.mias 125, 2-54 
 
 Timothy .354, 358, 359 
 
 William 342 
 Kingsbury, Col 344 
 
 Ephraim 124, 151 
 
 Henry 52, 110 
 
 James 94 
 
 John 94 
 
 Joseph 94, 132, 138, 174, 
 200 
 
 Samuel 138 
 
 Thomas 128, 155, 174, 193 
 200 
 Kinnicum. Askebell 311 
 Kittredge. Alfred 500, 504, 521, 
 661, 052 
 
 Cato .396 
 
 Thomas 392 
 Knfipp, John ^WO 
 Knight, Abiel 341 
 
XIV 
 
 Knight John 138 
 
 Nathaniel 311 
 
 Richard 3.53, 354 
 KnowUon, Capt. 390 
 
 I'rancis 353 
 
 Nathaniel 313, 326, 327, 
 330 
 
 Samuel 552 
 
 Knowles, Eufus K. 537 
 Lacount, or Leacount, 
 
 James 348, 355 
 
 Moses 398, 410 
 
 Samuel oO^ 409 
 La Chasse 260 
 Ladd, or Lad, 539, 541 
 
 Abigail 232 
 
 Asa 349 
 
 Daniel, Sen., 93, 94, 138, 
 313 
 
 Daniel 38, 48, 60, 62, 68, 
 72, 74, 77, 89, 93, 94, 
 96, 124, 128, 235, 256, 
 315, 328, 329, 348, 349, 
 355, 357, 548, 567, 661 
 
 Dilly 318 
 
 E. 459, 652 
 
 Dudley 347, 400, 468, 553 
 
 Ezekiel 138, 317, 347 
 
 Goodman 106 
 
 Hem an 375 
 
 John 232, 252, 269 315 328 
 
 Nathaniel 128, 160, 468 
 
 Samuel 94, 128, 145, 164, 
 199, 201 
 
 Timothy 315 
 
 William 348, 351, 410, 
 418, 419 
 Laferty, James 416 
 Lake, Ephraim E. 486 
 
 Josepti 470 
 
 Joshua 580, 636 
 
 Oliver P. 535 
 Lambard, Rev. Mr. 571 
 Lamson, William 374. 468 
 Lament, William "'89, 393 
 Langdon, Rev. Mr. 390 
 Laneeton, Ro?er 100 
 Lawrence, Rev Edn'. A. 600 
 Lawson, Christopher 72 
 Lear, Mr. 442,447 
 Lebeter, Henry 347 
 Leach, Benjamin 347 
 Lee, George W. 536 
 
 John 4 11 
 Le Bosquet, Caleb 429, 470, 499, 
 
 539, 662 
 Lenardson, Samuel 190 
 Leonards, James GtO 
 
 Lemuel 602 
 
 Nathaniel 650 
 Levett, U/iniel 359 
 
 Sarah 414 
 Leverett, liev. 246 
 Levi (Negro) 241 
 Lewis, Rev. Wales 583 
 Lindall, 226 
 Linlbrth, Thomas 72, 77, 88, 256 
 
 257 
 Little, Bond 353 
 
 Rev. Daniel 316 
 
 Daniel S03, 311, 316, 549 
 
 Ezekiel 318 
 
 George 311 
 
 Joseijh '11 
 
 Moses .353 
 
 Little, Samuel 311 
 
 Thomas 313 
 
 William 470 
 Littlehale, John 117, 125 
 
 Richard 38, 55, 60, 67, 72, 
 77, 80, 106. 256 
 Long, Beniamin 396 
 
 Riciiard 169 
 Loring, William P. 486 
 Lovell, John 279 
 Lovewell, Capt. 262 
 
 John 353 
 
 Joseph 353 
 Lovejoy, Henry 433 
 Lovekins, Samuel 349 
 Longley, Rufus 429, 460, 521, 
 63.5, i7 
 
 Mrs. Rufus ,501, 518 
 Loughlar, John 410 
 Low, Hannah 468 
 Lowger, Jonathan 382, 383, 398, 
 
 400 
 Lufkin, Jonathan 313 
 Lull, Moses 541 
 
 Macy, Thomas 80 
 Mansise, Cornelius 347, 389, 394, 
 427, 428, 429, 430 
 Hannah 468 
 Simon 400, 428, 463 - 
 Mansfield, Col. 389 
 Mansur J. W. 506 
 Maine, Rev. Amos 53 
 Mather Rev. Increase 97 
 
 Rev. Cotton 37, 186, 247 
 Marble, Caleb 353 
 Enoch 348 
 John 315, 329, 349, 417, 
 
 590, 591 
 Jonathan 315, 329 
 Natlianiel 283, 315 
 Sanmel 269, 315, 396 
 Marsden, George 375, 383 
 Mariah (Negro; 241 
 Marland, 639 
 Marsh, or Mash, 
 
 Abigail 418, 496 
 Cutting, 347, 428, 433468 
 
 638 
 David 313, 3^8, 346, 348. 
 374, 39!, 400, 418, 419, 
 420, 428, 429, 468,.549, 
 638, 639, 661 
 Deacon 2(39 
 
 Enoch 347. .355, 374, 881, 
 39.-!, 395, 400, 419, 420, 
 430, 468, 332, 038 
 Ephraini 313, 328, 638 
 George 638 
 Hezekiah 339 
 James 639 
 John 155, 174, 235, 429, 
 
 648, 549,571, 638, 639 
 Jonathan 217. 31-3, 328, 
 
 349, 351, 578, 638, 639 
 Lydia 496 
 Moses 347, 350, 429, 440, 
 
 468, 470, 038 
 Nathaniel 347, 374, 375, 
 393, 394, 395. 400, 407, 
 412, 414, 428, 430, 433, 
 435, 440, 468, 471, 539, 
 541, 623, 638, 639, 6G2 
 Onesiphorus 138. 149, 155 
 164, 174, 188, 638 
 
 Marsh, Samnel 639 
 
 Thomas 160, 638 
 
 & Hutchinson 536 
 M.arshall, Henry 353 
 
 Mr. 516 
 Martin, Rev. Job H. 600, 603, 
 603, 604 
 
 Oliver 470 
 
 Robert 410 
 
 Truman M. 516, 663 
 Mason, Rev. L. B. 598 
 
 John 2S6 
 Massey, B.irthol. 416 
 Maverick, Elias 88, 634 
 
 John 035 
 
 Samuel 239 
 Maxfleld, Elipha. 359 
 
 Henry 357, 359 
 May, Jlev. Mr. 505 
 Mayhew, Nathaniel 470 
 McCurdv, John 315, 346 
 
 Eoberd 311 
 McCasling, John 347 
 McCafee, Daniel, 311 
 
 Hugh, 311 
 
 John 311 
 McCaster, John 311 
 McDurmid, Hugh 396 
 McDonnell, Rev. John T. 608 
 McFarten, James 311 
 
 Paul 311 
 McFarland, James C. 463 
 
 Moses 389, 391, 396, 468 
 
 Nathaniel 389 
 McHard, James 242, 243, 309, 
 313, 327, 330. 338, 347, 
 374, 428, 430, 433, 468 
 McMaster, William 311 
 McNiel, Rev. Wm. 599 
 McKissich, John 359 
 McQuesten. Daniel P. 662 
 McWhite, Thomas 396 
 Mead, Mr. 570 
 Meadv, Thomas 334, 596 
 Mercer. Abiel 173, 269 
 
 Richard 116 
 Mercy, (Negro) 2-42 
 Merrill, or .Merriel 
 
 Mr. 594 
 
 Abell 232 
 
 David .317, 349, 35.5, 357 
 
 Eev. Giles 407, 442, 445; 
 468, 564, 639 
 
 Isaac ^86 
 
 Israel 347, 350, 351 
 
 James 380 
 
 James C. 639 
 
 John 274, 276 
 
 Jonathan 277, 311 
 
 J. B. 540 
 
 Joseph 265, 315, 328 
 
 Moses, 183, 192, 196, 276, 
 342, 343, 344, 345, 349 
 
 Nathan 313, 340 
 
 Nathaniel 232, 268, 276, 
 311, 315, 348, 551 
 
 Rutli (Widow) 315 
 
 Samuel 204, 348, 371, 380, 
 381, 393, 399, 404, 405, 
 407, 410, 414, 415, 416, 
 418, 419, 420, 441, 468 
 
 Sarah 232 
 
 Thomas 276, 348 
 
 Rev. W. P. 593 
 
 William .521 
 
XV 
 
 Merrie. D.itiicl 320 
 
 Joseph 33, 00. 106 
 
 Jlerrick, .lu.sei'.h 4S6 
 
 Merritt, Ucv. D. N. i;04, COJ 
 
 Messc", M:is!=:ir, or Mercer, 
 Ab!alli.'.-.2. i'.;3 
 Li^im^ini -i.M'; 
 
 Tiiiiutliv :,l.j 
 MiUer, Jfjliii 311 
 
 ? telihcn .! ',-!. ?AG 
 
 Rev. Willinm .311, CM 
 Mills, Siunuil .1. 012 
 
 Jiimes .^)! 1 
 Milliken. See jlullikin. 
 
 D:miel .".".G 
 
 Joliii 31)4, 309, 412, 415, 
 4:.'S 
 Middleton, I'ctcr 3:;9, 303, 30.5, 
 
 Samusl 345, 347, S.'O, 3.")2 
 3.-,4. 3-,7, 0.-,0, 3G0, 3S4, 
 30;1, .30S. 41n. 440 
 
 ■Wilbiiu 341. 342, 345, 347 
 Jlingo, ThuiiMs 31-i 
 Minot, Georse C-tO 
 
 Stoi.h'jn 420, G"0, GG2 
 Jlirick. B, L. r,U2 
 Mitchell. Mr. ;U0 
 
 Abi-.i'l 2:'.2 
 
 Andn-.v -J-V,. ■2",'}. 315, 327 
 
 Brad lev 340, 3.51, 407 
 
 D.iiiiel 300 
 
 Ehen 541 
 
 Ebene/.er .^43, 419 
 
 Geor-e 200 
 
 James 31.5 
 
 John 315, 34S, 3^1, 4'>4, 
 410, 575 
 
 Jonath in .323 
 
 Marv 2:!2 
 
 rhilip 315 
 
 S:niin.l a. 3<^2 
 
 ■\Vill;:-,iu 2o4, 315, 323, 
 "-!S 
 Mo??, (Tiiili.'.n) 12G 
 Moir.e. Guydiii'ii 72 
 :Mont?omorr, J. V. 510, 537 
 Moody, All!-!'! 40^. 47') 
 
 ];.ni:uiMn ;;i4, 30S, 410 
 
 I) ivi.l :■..".'.( 
 r.iisha •147, 3.50, 3.5.5 
 Ilninii'irv :V.<K lln. OU 
 Moses 414. ;:W. 170 
 
 3ir.«,.s i:. -,:<. X-.;. i;20 
 
 N^itluiiiel 3!iS, 410 
 
 V-y.i.r, 
 
 AVii)-am 014 
 Morley, Mr. ■'/',', 
 Mor.r:in, .^r">.s 314 
 Muoers, i<v '•iiiiis, 
 
 Aiimilr ill :;ina 347 
 
 Ucii; .mill 347, 374, 30.5, 
 41^0. !-,M. 4i'0, 4Go. 5.53, 
 UM. r,H 
 
 Tai.t. :■■<>. r.'A 
 
 l>av!.l ::-': :.-'! 
 
 !■ ■:•. ! :■ I. ■ ■; 
 
 : :'27, 330, 
 
 ■ 315, 354, 
 
 Mooers, Moses 308 
 
 V> illiiini 3.56 
 Jlorrill, l-'raneis 385 
 
 .v,ic.'iiah;!.53 
 Morrisiin, Mr, 270 
 
 liradl.urv 313, 341 
 
 D.uiiel 340, 351 
 
 Ilolhcrt 311 
 
 Joliu 313, :;21, 329 
 
 SauiUcl ".40 
 Morse, D.ivid 470 
 
 H,izen4G2, GG3 
 
 Henry ".40, 351, 4G3 
 
 Isaac 409 
 
 Jedidiah 4G3 
 
 John 350, ;-,93, 006 
 
 Eev. Jolm I!. 507 
 
 Joseph 352, 30u, 302 
 
 Mos.'S 420 
 
 Oliver 4GS 
 
 I?cv. Stej)hen 571 
 
 ■\Villiam 2 12, 243, 313, 407 
 
 & Fox 4 S3 
 Morrill, AbrLihini 72 
 
 Isaac 15$, 350 
 Monlton, >s'"athaniel 35G 
 MuUlkiii. or MulUean, 232 
 
 John :'>43 
 
 Joseph :•>] 4, 440 
 
 Pusaunah 470 
 Mnllin, Itoiiert 4GS 
 Muzzee, John 311 
 
 Xanatnacomnck, 31 
 
 Xetl", Marv l^G. :!oS, 300. 05S 
 
 V.":ili;iin 9.3, 133, ISG 
 XeUon, Mr. 4j 
 
 Jul 1,1 than 380 
 
 Phillip ".SO 
 Nesmifh, Joliu 4,>i> 
 Xewconih. C.ipt. .Ii'sse 15G, 503 
 
 Thomas !SG 
 Xewoll, 1) ivid ,rr. 347 
 
 Harriet iG:i,G4l, 012, 013, 
 
 1. V. Sa!iriGi2, 043 G44 
 Xenniarslj, :;_'.> 
 Nichols. A!..l .51)2 
 
 Dani.l ;i4 
 
 ]).!vid :;ii'..', 32.5, 389 
 
 li.,rolhv -!*;S 
 
 KiMiicis .!.(;: t3 
 
 l; v. Kriirv M. .574, 576 
 
 Jlinniiliiv,. .-..^i 3S3 
 
 Ji.-o!) 3i7. lr,0 
 
 J..li;i I'.. 577, 025, 0,50, 002 
 
 .!..<..ph .".".O 
 
 J. i;. 510 
 
 riih.. as 32.3, 3S.5, 43,5, 403 
 .-.;i4 
 
 Moses 210, .5.59 
 
 Moses .t Co. 530 
 Xieholsnii. <;ov. 0-.3 
 Niles. K.v. Asa .5'!5 
 Nimoik, Janivs:il5 
 Nixnn. .1. hn 3(1, ■.■.■■;). .5S0 
 Xutt, S;>ni'i<4 .Ir., tii2 
 Xoj-cii, I'.l -.hMl.l 17'), 534 
 
 r-.j! uisl.ee :Mti, -iio, -108 
 
 (;.H..lmin .''i;; 
 
 l.a .-. '4. 5!)7 
 
 J;'ni-s Hi, ;".34, 535,;53fi 
 
 J....i,.h ;o) 
 
 llev. XaUMnlcl.5o3 
 Parker <.'•< 
 S.il.jai-l 4 ^'i 
 
 Noyes, Thnmas 101, 122, 213, 
 221 1. 2G1 
 Timothv3ll 
 W. 11.510 
 & Dunbar 513 
 
 Old Will, (Indian) 43, 71, 07, 
 
 i-;3 
 Oliphant, K. v. D.ivid 5Gj 
 Ordway, or (.)rdiw.iv, 
 
 Deni.iniin 318, 385, 399, 
 
 41.5. 41S, 410, 400 
 Edv.anl 235, 315, 329, 343 
 357, 361, 404, 414, 415, 
 4G0 
 Joseph Hill 34S 
 Eev. Neh-jnii.ih 3S5, 5S0 
 Samuel 341, .340 
 it Webster 5.17 
 Ormsbr, l;iehard 72,77 
 Osgood, Abigail 400 
 Hannah 470 
 
 Isaac .i3.S, ;;4S, 30.5, 412, 
 427, 423, 441, 451, 452, 
 5."i2. li ;.'., 0o2 
 John 05, 00, O'j, 350, 351, 
 
 352. 354 
 Joshua n. 374. CJ4 
 Peter 420. 452 409, 535 
 Tiniothv42S, 443 
 V\'illiaui 120, 3.-.3 
 Osillawav. Joseph 345, 352, 357, 
 
 358 
 Ottcrson. v. ill-am 312 
 Otis, Jam.s 302 
 
 Packard. ]!ev. Dr. 0!0 
 P.idin'4ton, Joshua 2.'5 
 Pase.Ab.'l .-40, 410. .VG 
 
 Abr.ih.un 2 ,s, 23'J, 260, 
 
 313, :.2l, ■■•■jfi 
 Amos :!40, 410 
 Beniamin !t.i, 17 ', 23.5, 
 23S, ;!:;i, (i(;2 
 
 Caleb . 11, 41-,;' 
 Corn.liiis ! 73, 277, 313 
 Dani. 1 : 0-1, 410 
 D-.r.Ms4G;) 
 l;ii.M.e/.T2l7 
 
 K.lm:iii.l 311, 313 
 
 r.r- ]>hwt -.ill 
 
 r./..k:A 31 , 321 
 
 JoliM 52. Ol'. 1:'s. 1:-,0. 142 
 
 H<, I'U, 17". 174. '2. S, 
 
 2 •.',». 2.50, 3s.-,, 41^, OGl 
 John .Ir. 72, 9 «, 173, 2.!5, 
 
 277. 35(i 
 .Tohn I'. -KiO 
 J..mtli,in 3.11. 31 S, 34.5 
 .T.r.niiah20l. 313 
 Jos.j.li '.U 171. 21:'., 217, 
 
 2. -. 271,^77, oil, 3SS, 
 
 Joshua .311, ; 13, .27, 33r). 
 
 34 -J 
 
 :Vj, 
 
 Lewis 313, 3J1. 32 
 Mi.lMt! ;:-.2 ".-7. .:.-.H 
 NathiM ■■<>>. .;;-. '.-i, 345 
 Xathiiii.l J74, :.77, 31), 
 
 :'.2l 
 Obodi.ili 352 
 Ui=>-. r"42, .U3. 34 5. 353, 
 
 .:■■;>. ■■;■•<•■>. 00s, 4ii 
 
 Parker -124 
 IVter 319 
 
XVI 
 
 Page, Sfimnnl r'49, 333, 430 
 
 i^nl,,m.iii 31i 
 
 St. iih;u :i.-> t 
 
 Thi.m IS 274, 2TT, 31o, : 29 
 424. ot)7 
 
 T'limfhy ?,n. 34.5. :'.>'! 
 
 ■\VilI'Mni ■ 4S 349 ool b52 
 3 -.7 OS-. 
 
 it Kiinlull 53.5 
 P:iine. Mr. 42 
 
 raliucr, Henry .38. 60, G\ 65. 67, 
 70. 72. 77, SO, 83. 85. »8 
 94. 106. 114, 137, 256, 
 61.5. (ii;i 
 
 Jiimes .593 
 
 John E. .590, 592 
 
 Jusiph 13 
 
 J. ,\i. 1157 
 
 Timothv 459 
 Parker, Mr. .577 
 
 P.. V. B.ninmm 242, 3o0, 
 .555, 578. 579. 580 
 
 D iniel 398, 410 
 
 KM. IS 590 
 
 Gvlf..,! 344 
 
 Gilmui .5.1-., 661 
 
 Jiiiii.s 112, ••.43. 
 
 J'./in lol, 121, 122 
 
 Pa'V. L. S. 00.5, 006 
 
 Leon.ird 510 
 
 Mosi-3 300 
 
 Pi-v. 250 
 
 Srimn.l 131. 1.59, 241 
 
 T iii.ithv :!4!, :;44 ^ 
 
 PHrmli-p. .Vlfr.d S. 5)6 
 Parsons. li.-v 246 
 
 Ri-v. .Jms. ph 246, 549 
 
 Mosi-s 428 
 Partrii]','e, .J..hii 349 
 P;lSS:iqn(), 47 
 l'.is3;iionii;i»iiy. 30, 42, 46 
 Pattee, P.tti.-, I'lttee, 
 
 B.-niaiii n 315 
 
 J..hii 317, M9 
 
 Piter l:!o. 143, 170, 171, 
 284. .;10 
 
 Ttiih.rd 311 
 
 Smiiiu, I J J 
 
 S.lh 310 
 T\U,n. .Iiiseph .327. 3".0 
 
 P.ltter>..Il, >.lllKlc-| 311 
 P;IUl,'IH. (Illili;llO 202 
 
 Piiy*on. J..n oil III 42H, 442. 445 
 
 .Insi'lih 409 
 Peaboiiv. Rev. Aiuln-w P. 561 
 
 .i..v |.h 40'.» 
 
 N.I than 3-^2, .383, 388 .393 
 
 N:ltll;lll'l 1410 
 
 Ol v.T 74 
 
 U. >-. Stephen 318. 401. 
 5 ".ij 
 V'^ATl rvril i;57 
 riMr-,i.MH H,.iiezer 010 
 
 J.uii. H ,1 . .;i'l, 32.3. 320, 
 
 :r.7 
 .T.iim>'<. Ir. :'l3. .140 
 .1.111 iihn 343 
 Peaslef. <ir I'liislev 
 Al.--i'l 2f.5 
 A inns 2»2. 31.3. r^O, 
 Dv i| ::s», is9. 396. .398, 
 :,99. 4 III 
 
 (;.««:miii 'i« 
 
 JuIuuUjii 2-S. 3,'49 
 
 Peaslee, 
 
 Joseph 60. 62. 71, 7''. 77, 
 8o. 94. 143. 145, 156 104 
 171. 173. 170. 204, 206, 
 215. 239. 250. 274, 644 
 
 Xnthiirel 53 156. 239, 
 25.5. 265. 267. -.'71, 274, 
 277.289. 307, 31 , 321, 
 
 326. 28 33!. 3;;4. : 38 
 048, 015, 644. 648. O'il 
 
 Robert 2 5, 24.., 274, 277, 
 
 :-,13, : .56 
 RHmiu-l 328 
 Sarah 2-i3 
 Stisannah 2G.j 
 Pecker, .Mr. : w.) 
 Aim 252 
 Bartholomew 74,341, 342, 
 
 C4.J, 345, .54, i89, 393, 
 
 447 
 Paniol 470 
 Dnctor .3ii5 
 Junie.s 7.i. 77. 92. 93. in-*, 
 
 121. 251, 207, 274, 277, 
 
 289, .;26. . 27. :.30. 348, 
 
 389, :.93, 398, 4o7, 40d, 
 
 .548 
 Jeremiah 74, 274. 277 
 John 74. 274, 277, 313, 
 
 327, 329, 330, i32 
 Ruth 409. 
 Samuel 1,55 
 William 9H. 4U 
 
 A I'.ri.-ki'tt 5 
 Peokham, Rev. Samuel II. 564 
 Pell, J..mes 400 
 
 .l.ihn 355 
 
 Samuel 416 
 
 William 341 
 Pcmherti.ii, Dr. .557 
 Pukiiis, I!arthl.3t7 
 Perky, I'arelev. or Pnarly, 
 
 D.iMNl S. 435 
 
 D.ivi.l 93 
 
 J.111..1I1111 ■■iM 
 
 ,\. Oil 111 ;i-is 
 Perry, Kplinim 3(2 
 
 Franeis 359 
 
 Joshmi 342. :;4;!, 351, .355, 
 
 01. iliah 310. .331 
 
 Rev. Mr, 4!i'.l, .5.15, 571 
 
 'ihi.mis77 
 
 Pev. William 8. 008 
 
 William :43 
 
 Willi, ,m \V. .3.59 
 Pi'ter, (\e..'r..) 243; 
 
 Imlian 1:^5 
 
 .Mr. 1H4 
 l'ettin?all. licnjam'n 312, 314 
 390 
 
 Je.l illah 409 
 
 M.itlheH-4c.!l. 480 
 
 I'll r-e-l. .V itilMliel.ill 
 
 i'lielj.s, 1;. V. hn.il.v 499, 5 
 
 Th'll.riek. .I..I1M .510 
 I'h-ll-p. (Iii.lian) !l'3 
 I'hillipv. liev. (,.Mlve.;50 
 
 Ki V. S-mi.ej .-,3 
 
 S.iime|..s-,. m; ( 
 rh'nps. s r W IP ,m ir,4 
 rirll's i\.._'ii.) L'4 1. 242 248 
 I'ikc, Clitrle. |s7 
 
 Ueii^rh 311. ..H, 414 
 
 '•9, 
 
 Pike, Jame."! ."28. 388, 392. 4T0, 
 415, 41.8, 419. 420, 409 
 
 Jo.'cei h 1 09. 405 
 
 Ri.hert 80 
 
 S-'meim .3S2. P.S3, 388. 391 
 Pierce. AOiah. m 247 
 
 ( harl, s ;-!)0 
 
 J.ishua 345 
 
 Samiiil :47 
 
 Em rsi.n dc Co. 5?6 
 Pillsburv. 242 
 
 rh.ise410 
 
 Eilnmml 342, 248. 345, 
 347 
 
 Sn muel 594 
 Pitt, William 340 
 Plummer, Asa 409 
 
 Frederick 591, 592 
 
 Rev. Henry 592, 593, 606, 
 607 
 
 John ,591 617. 6 9 
 
 Silas 470, 590 
 
 Samu. 1 510 
 
 Thi.niiis 41:9 .591 
 riant. R. V .\lathias :,'80, 620 
 Pulhird. Ami..srt53 
 
 Ealt.ill 341 
 
 John 312, 314 
 Pomfnt, Rev. James E. 576. 
 
 598 
 Pomerov. Ri v. Mr. 571 
 Pomp. (Neffro) 2H 
 t i.plin. Capt. 389 
 Pope, Th. m.i,s3ll 
 Poor, lieti'ianrn :'.47 
 
 D.niel 311 
 
 John 409 
 
 Thomas .-92 
 Porter. Iniilley 429 
 
 Ebellezi r 400 
 
 Eleazer A. 46, 486 
 
 lliiiiy 429 
 
 Mii.se.s 390 
 Potter, lien I y 590. 592 
 I'l.uer.'i, I)av*"d . 89 
 Pleiitior, (teorLTl- D. 0.56 
 Prcsciill, Mephi n 358 
 
 William 90, 631, 634, 
 047 
 Preston, John 1*5 
 Pres-on, 'onaihin 344 
 Pressey, "ir I'lesley, 
 
 "I'.eii.janrn 98. 411 
 
 James 250. 2".7 
 
 John :'.4i), 342. 14.5, 315 
 
 <t Kl. t. her 5S7 
 Price, ('apt. 217 
 
 Willi.im S. 4U 
 Prmcp (Xeirn.) 248 
 Putmaii. I'.lniu /.,r 407 
 
 G. n. 90 : 92, 0^1 
 
 Oliver 429, 4<;9 
 
 Qirml.y Mrs. ILT, 
 
 liiiiiil In.s 
 
 liev. \;r. 598 
 (^uincy, Kilin'Oi'l 2!t^ 
 l,'u'iH,' Rev. A. .M. 012 
 
 Ralle. (.-ath'T 200. 201 
 Rami, -.iiiMel ^;i. 5:12 
 Rfiiil.'ll. 1:1 iii mil <ilS 
 l;aw.;,.ii. Il.lii.inl ;,s.5 
 Re.l.lej l!,.l„rt I I 
 
 Rudin^'ton. D.iuicl 347 
 
SVll 
 
 Redington, Tsnnc 071, 372, 378, 
 3S0, ,^S1, ?.03, .TJ.'), 4(X), 
 404, 407, 413, 417, 42S, 
 
 G.-;2 
 
 Xiithaniel 347, 350 
 Eced, J.-.mcs 410 
 Keinh^rt, E. W. OU 
 Romin?fmi, John 'jj, 100, 1 10 
 riemick. Itenimk. 
 
 Dani.l :>0. 393, 300 
 
 Duvid 41o. 430 
 
 Jjimos :>2 
 
 PamiK-l :'.'.iS, 410 
 Eenea, Samuel :;0o 
 Ee»y, .luhn l'-)-' ■ 
 Eicharils. lien.iamin 311 
 
 Joseph :!;i8, 411 
 Hichardsoii. .lainea 342 
 
 Fvov. .J J 11103 502 
 
 >'a^i.^h 3.J3 
 
 \ViHi.uii 353 
 
 Wiiislow B47, 352, 355, 
 357 
 Richmond, Rev. J. C. 609 
 Itick'T, Lewis 342 
 Itiilfdut, Kov.laiul 313 
 llix, Janios 352. 357, 3S8, 303, 
 
 31)5, 3!is. 410 
 Rindr^e, .lolin 2'J2 
 Rogers. Dun. 1 050 
 
 ^v^ ]•:. r. 057 
 
 Roberts. Daniel 343 
 
 Ki.hraiiii 104, 174, 232, 
 
 23.5. 2.;0, 237, 247, 543 
 ILiiinali 313 
 J..n.ith in 243. 312, 314 
 Oliver 11. 593 
 Samuel 232. 235 
 Robic or linl.v 
 
 Ichabod 100 
 Joiin '.tl. 12S, 138. ICO 
 Rubins. III. Kl.in.zer 502. 50:', 
 KpUraiiii 418, 410,420 
 Juliii ;!H. 45, GO, 08, 72, 
 
 74, 100 
 J..s< |ih .■;S5, 409 
 Rogers, 1). D. 372. 374, 380, 395 
 428 
 naiinah 400 
 Ilo|K'2;;2 
 ItolKTl 340 
 Tli.,ni.is 11? 
 Rolfe, Rev. llrnianiiii 154. 100, 
 |i;2. 10.5, ICS, 171, 2i)7, 
 2:»S, 2 HI, 225, 228, :J32, 
 2H.547, 548 
 Kzni 04. 153 
 llciirv 07 
 Xatli'aiiiel 310, 327, 3.30. 
 
 3IH..!7i 
 William 3S2 
 Rouvillo, llertil de 212 
 Kollins. John 4r,;> 
 R«we, Jarol. ;;',IM. 410 
 
 John :!50 
 ItoTrcU. li.noni .353 
 Klias :;'.iS. 411 
 Jaeol. 2.3 
 Ihillip :',1 ! 
 Rowl.indson, l;i v. Mr. lyj 
 
 Maiy 152 
 Ru;.",'les, 'I'iinothy ;Vt6 
 Rauuirls. JJavid :'>47 
 
 H.iiinah 4l.'.1, 470 
 ^U-phen 3->2. 3SS 302 MS 
 5 U 
 Hu3S. 'I'll imai 0",0 
 William 470 
 
 Russell. Ebenczer 347 
 
 Edward ■'.17, .350 
 
 Jarnes 342, 34-3, 344, 345, 
 347, Oii3 
 
 John 310, 348, 409, 470 
 
 Samuel 535, 037 
 Ryland, John 588 
 
 Sa!,'?nhcw, 47 
 Saltonstall. Anna 583 
 Doctor 4.-<0 
 Ourdon 43. 109, 043 
 John 43 
 
 Leverett. 377. 429, 4.54, 
 401. 400, 407, 5U2, 623. 
 03i), 045, y47 
 Nathaniel 47. 43, 99, 106, 
 100, 112, 114, l:u, 1.37, 
 1.50, 150. 15S. 100, 104, 
 108, 173, 174, 175, 170, 
 100, 21)4, 213, 217, 230. 
 2.33. 235, 234. 374, 423, 
 588, 039, 045. G4G, 047, 
 650. 001 
 Richard 48. 108, 120, 143, 
 204, 2: IS, 241, 242, 280, 
 202. :;i)2, .3(14, 309, 313, 
 320, ;',:;(), C.!2, .■;42, 344:. 
 345, 340, 348, 351, 3.54 
 303, :.75, 377, 378, 550, 
 556, 505, 045, 646, 647, 
 001 
 William 015 
 SafTord, Fhen U. (J55, 056 
 Salter & Co. 474 
 Salem (.Ve-ro) 243 
 S.anbnrn, Moses 356, 300 
 Sanclare, Geoi-tre 313 
 Sanuu'I (Jiidi.in) 110 
 Sanders, or Saumlers, 
 Abiijail 4J0 
 Aliios 540 
 Avery 277. 349 
 Reniaiiiin .319 
 liradl.iirv :'.43 
 Ileiirv 2."!2, 239. 
 
 y.!t. 
 
 208. 
 
 Jacob 313, 321, 327, 330. 
 
 3.'.o 
 Jam<s04. 1G4. 173. 174. 
 
 2u7, 2-8, 230. 24.5, 252. 
 
 205. 271, 277, 279. 3l;!| 
 
 321, ::20, (iOl 
 John 2''.^, 2 13, 2.52. 207, 
 
 270. 274. 277. 270, ni:'.. 
 
 ;'.2a, :;j7, .!3i). .",40, ;c>l, 
 
 3S2. .■•■H3, r,sS, OiU 
 Jonathan ^74, 277 
 Lemuel :!S8 
 Nalh.iniel 274. 277, 313. 
 
 327, -iiiO, :!10, COl 
 Peter :;47 
 
 iJaehel HI-,-, 
 
 Ruth 4 IS. 42i'> 
 
 Sanmel 349. 382. 3^3, 420, 
 400 
 Snntelcr. (Jeorifc 321 
 .Sargent, or Sar^iant, 
 
 .\::n>n .'.51) 
 
 .\mos 471) 
 
 A. A. .-.21-. 
 
 Larniird -.i^'i 
 
 <liarles3S2 
 
 thase .•!.'i3, ;JS8 
 
 Rev. <hrisU)plier-a73. 644 
 o4H 
 
 Kdwin A. 516 
 
 Llias4-Ji». 109 
 
 Sargent. Ilcnrv 349 
 
 Jonathan 341. 347, 354. 
 
 .303, 3;)6, 428 
 JIary 409 
 
 Nathaniel P. 300. 367. 
 
 3130. 3.->0. 404, 41.3, ;tl7, 
 
 422; 42S. Iril, 454, 644i 
 
 648. 0.;2 
 
 Reuben 359, 382, 383, 388 
 
 302 
 Samuel 279, .34.5, 349, 418 
 Thomas 4- '7, 408, 416 
 William 396 
 Zebediah .',42, 343, 343 
 Zebulon 156 
 Satchwell. Theophilus 74. 70, 
 
 77, 80, is. 141, 256 
 Savory, William 408 
 Savage, Henry 00, 02, 72, 77 106 
 
 James 107 
 Sawyer, Ahner 353 
 .\mos 470 
 Edward 3S8 
 
 James 347, 381, 382, 383, 
 H3S. 391, 3.1O, 407, 430 
 John 212. 31.3. 327. 333 
 347. 371, 374, .30,5. 405 
 410, 414, 410, 42a 428, 
 436 
 Jonathan 347, 384. 407 
 Joseph 35:< 
 
 Joshua 327, 3;7, 348, 4C9 
 Nathan 156 
 Oliver .;40 
 I'aul.lO.j 
 William 3S2, 333, 383, 391 
 
 30'J, 415, 409 
 Wvded 0:',7 
 & Cross 474 
 Scales, Oliver -VM 
 Seainmon. Col. 301 
 
 James 73. 352, 357, 359, 
 410, 4:11 
 Seaver, Rev. Ni, hulas 231 
 Se. lev, Rev. R. 11. 012 
 Sent^r, Levi 417. hM 
 Sewall. llenrv J-il 
 
 Judu-e 2S1 
 Seymour. Ilex. Charles 11. 010 
 Shatswell, Thet.philus 75, 70. 89 
 
 01 (See Sat.-hwell) 
 Shaekf.ird, Saiiiu. 1 347 
 Shaw. K.lwanl .'.St 
 
 Rev. J.'hn 318, 420, 44.-> 
 555, 556, 557, 559, 050 
 Ro-er S3 
 William S. ,5,56 
 Sh:iy, Daniel 4:17 
 Shepard, Cn-n. 4 '.7 
 John 2:'.5 
 Jonathan 313, .347, 343. 
 
 :;!13, r.'.iO 
 Ruth 421 1 
 
 Samuel 133. 14.3, 340, 347, 
 ■ UH. :'.!'3, 399 
 Pherratt, Huch 30. 4.5, 47. .53, 
 0.'), 04. 71, 72. 7-1. 77, s8 
 106, 250. 
 Shirlev, Gov. William 321 
 Sliir,'l'->y, Rev. r. 598 
 Short. Henry 81 
 Shute. Gov. 258 
 t .Iieob 274, 273 
 
 John 278 
 SibWy. Jacob 048 
 ' .Samuel 22 ) 
 
 SilliwrtV, .losept, n 9, 351 
 
 i'eUbtn iiO 
 
 OS 
 
xviii 
 
 SUver. 222 
 
 Abrahrim 403 
 
 Daniel .I"!. 4P9 
 
 James •I-);'! 
 
 John 2:!J, 3ir>, 348, 382, 
 470 
 
 J. nath m 40S 
 
 Ji :ep'u -ji'.'., 414 
 
 S.-iuuel 348 
 
 Thotn:\3 232 
 
 Zel.ftdmh 414 
 Simons, Abi<r(iil 2.".2 
 
 Eliziiljcth 2 3 
 
 Goodni.m 87 
 
 HaniiAh 238 
 
 Jamis 347 
 
 John 174,237, 313, 487 
 
 Jonathan 23o, 313, 327, 
 330, ..40, 347, 408 
 
 Nath.nn 313 
 
 Rich :ir<I :!47, 3.";4. 3.i7, 359 
 
 S.aniucl 130, 138, 313 
 
 Sarah 4<;9 
 
 Willlani 87. 88, 90, 25G 
 Bimonds, Jesse K7, G03 
 
 Jon;itlian 318. .;M 
 
 Moses 4(W, 414 
 
 Nfithaii 217, 22.3, 23.'» ,347 
 
 Nthiiiiiah 4<)S, 41.5,409 
 Fimaon, [aiiirs 4</i 
 Simeon (Inilian) 110, 12.5 
 Biiigletury, Arnos 04, 128, 164, 
 173, 001 
 
 Benjamin 04. 128. 143 
 
 Nath.wiiel 04, I:,?, 
 
 Itieh;u(l 72, 80, J.^Q 
 Skinner. hiiT, 
 
 Ilcv. Otis .^07 
 Sla'km.in, Kcihert 3^2 
 Sleeper, Thoni;is 80, 2.j6. 2;j7 
 Slocomh, Ituluij .'■)28, o3;J 0.3G 
 
 OOl 
 Smiley, David 407. 408, 049 
 
 iVantis 311, .iU. 407, 4Qg 
 
 IIen-.'h3Il, 314, 389 
 
 JuiMis 3.^2, :83, .389, 396, 
 ■170, 0<;2 
 
 John 311, 314, 327, 330. 
 
 Mary 409 
 Smith, Al.iifuij 407 
 T^injamin .ilO 
 Rev. Dani.l i). -,7.'!, .'574 
 Kkaz<r:Hl, 017, OiO 
 Rev. i;ii.:s .'.W, .".02 
 n.z.kiah (i;..v.) l.;4. .'iCQ 
 
 422. 4l.'0. 4:!_', 401,404, 
 
 400, .'■,79, 084, 580 
 Jesse 002 
 J"hM .ill, 31.-). .320, 348 
 
 ^90.407,417, 419, Uoa 
 
 .'.fiO 
 Jonalh.in K. 429, 498 
 Jnn:ithaii 470 
 Jos. ph :l.-,« 
 J. l;. .-.-2 
 
 M.,ses .■•,47 
 
 M.ll. (l!.v.).-97 
 
 Mis L'iO. 22."; 
 
 NMthiiiivl y:j, 235, 312, 
 
 34-2, .■!4.-, 
 IVter4t.O 
 Reh.vea .-,01 
 San.ii.I 1 74, 2.36. 2.12,261 
 
 2ii^ 312,31.1, 314, .321 
 Kimu oJi'.i 
 
 Smith, Rev. Thom.is 2,-0, 461 
 
 Thomas 310 
 
 Tiniothv349 
 
 William 232, 396. 398, 
 470 
 
 Walker 419, 469 
 Snow. Isaac .347. 3S0, 381, 303. 
 309, 404, 405, 410, 418, 
 419 
 
 J,imeg 382, 38.3, 383 
 
 John 270 
 
 Joseph 44)7, 408, 400 
 So'ey, Mathew 74, 348 
 
 Nathan 410 
 
 Nafhaniul 408, 414, 409, 
 480 
 Souther, Kll.ridse 537 
 
 John 4110 
 
 Jonathan 400 =471 
 
 Samnel 24-3, 371, 395, 400 
 428, 4 00 
 Soiithridcjo, William 400 
 Spauldinij, Rev. Willanl573 
 Pparhawk. Nathaniel 428 
 Spear, The inas 3.48 
 Si)illcr, Jos( ph 15. 1.5.5, 433, 458, 
 510, -,3:! 
 
 S.ninuel ,fe Son 537 
 SpoiTord, Dr. 400. 050, 657 
 
 Moodv 450 
 
 Raul 5:;3, 534 
 
 & Tileston 053 
 
 & Harris 050 
 Sprai,iie, Josejih l\. 035 
 SprinL,'er, Henry 3(>4, 31.3, 324, 
 327, 382. ."83 
 
 jonatlum .313 
 
 Joshua 347, 3.52 
 
 Josipli .354, 353 
 
 Solomon 347 
 Stanton, ]Wy. Rol.irt 24.5, 240 
 Stanley, ur Stamlley, 
 
 I'.eii.i.imin 20s, 543 
 
 Matthi-w 315 
 
 Samuel :!15 
 Stanford, J. din 411 
 Stanwood, Ihillip313 
 Slaniel, Anthony (ii5 
 Stark, *^ili 1. 4-0 
 Starhnck, Nathaniel 51 
 Starlin, or St.irliii<j, 
 
 .losiah 100 
 
 William 110 143. 104 195 
 Staples, Si.uiiul 341, ;;08, 410 
 Stebhins, Charles U. 176 
 
 Mrs. 1,0 
 Stcdman, Mr. 238 
 Stt-ere, Rev. M. J. ■.76 
 Stephens. .Varon 237, 269 
 
 .lnhn237. 
 
 Moses 208 
 Stevens, Anii.i 43.3 
 
 r.i iijamin 271, 274 
 
 Kphraim 4<;o 
 
 I.W. J,,l,i, II. ,582 
 
 J< hn 31, 174, 2.!.5, 268 311 
 520 
 
 Jonathan :'.n, 312, 314, 
 3.5; t 
 
 .Tos.-|.h 311 
 
 Jnshna ii:i7 
 
 Josiah r.OO 
 
 Mi.ses 312, ni4 
 
 N<li. miah 311 
 
 <)thro311, 
 
 Samuel 311 
 
 Stevens, Wait 311 
 
 V.'illiam :;11 
 
 & Co. 510 
 Steward, Ji.hn 314, 315, 347, 348 
 
 354 
 Btiekncy, Jeremiah 347, 350, 382 
 396, 41.10, 470, 4S6 
 
 Mrs. Jeremiah 513 
 
 John 393 
 
 Jonathan 
 
 ^oses 342, 344, 345 
 
 Samuel 355 
 
 Thoni.as 428 
 Stimson, Jidiii 311 
 Stoue, ];eni:.ni'n :!12, 314, 353 
 
 Ezekiel 357 
 
 Thiimas 331, 351 
 
 Z. E. 057 
 Stockhridije, John 94, 1.3G, 160 
 Stuart, or Stewart, 
 
 Rithanl 0^, 207 
 
 Robert 002 
 
 Samuel 358, 516 
 Straw, Rt-njamin .i06 
 
 John 347, .".08, 410 
 
 Sherbon 400 
 Swaddoek, John 93 
 Swan, 222 
 
 Asa 254 
 
 Francis 469, 582 
 
 John 215 
 
 Josliu.'\ 23.7, 252, 208, 271 
 
 Richard 254 
 
 Robert 72, >iO. 85, 88, 100, 
 
 100,118, 122, l-:-8, 1,32, 
 
 1.38, 130, 14.3, 164, 100, 
 
 237, 238. 244, 2.56, 001 
 
 Swasey, M..ses417. 41^, 420, 400 
 
 William 180, f,27 
 
 Swell, or Sweit. Abraham 374, 
 
 305, 429, 44)9 
 
 Col. 392 
 
 Jolin23fi, 243, 248, 248, 
 1:70, 283, 313, 321, 323. 
 33H 
 
 J..seph 70 
 
 Th.. mas 353 
 
 Timothy .WO 
 
 Wiin.-im 4S0 
 Rwonten. William 242, 343 
 Sjniuiids, .l.rliii 348 
 
 Mark 015 
 Sy mines. Dr. .554 
 
 Rev. Zaehariah 110. 246 
 
 Tasgart. J.ihn 306 
 
 Wili;.^;m 5.'1, 05.5, 003 
 Tailcr, John 428 
 Tapp-.u, 1:. v. 240, 580 
 Taibi.x, .J..hn 3.53 
 Talent, llm^h :iiiO 
 Teniiev. Key. f'harles 503, 565 
 
 J„bn 503, 035 
 Terrell, .les.se :.0O 
 Thayer, A. W 408. 499, ."502, 
 505. OOO. tl54, 055, 050 
 Thaxt*r. J.'hu 42S, 028 
 Thomas. .1. din 30», 300, 410 
 
 Will'am I'H 
 Thompson, IC.Iward 313 
 
 K. C. Ji Co. 510 
 
 Isaac 4 a, 409 
 
 Paul 374 
 
 Samuel ,341 
 
 Thomas 344, .'.46 
 
 William 53. 130 
 
Thornton, •Tnhn 410 
 Tileston, Tli^nms .%M, 053 
 Tiltoii, J. C. .">.;o 
 Titooml), C.il. :!i>0 
 Tindlo. Nil.'s 4C.0 
 Toil. rr:\nci3 ;V.HJ 
 Ton,-y. Hc^li.rt :'.l.-! 
 Toniliuson, Jolin 291 
 Toiupliiiu, ChristopliiT OCl 
 
 Rev. Isaac uSO, oSl, 5S2, 
 5S3 
 Townsend, Jumen 3S2, 3S3, 3S8, 
 302, 393 
 
 William 3U. 341, 4SG 
 Tozier, E. S. r«16 
 Tracy, John 3S7 
 Train, Rev. A. S. 589, 500 
 Trask. -Mr. nJO 
 True, Rev. Henrv 31C 
 Tniel. S;imuel 410 
 Trumbull, John 4SG 
 Trussel, Mosis 3H 
 Tucker, .\sa ."..ill 
 
 Dr. 5.54 
 
 Ezra ;U7 
 
 Ichabod 429, 409, 047 
 
 Moscs ;^ll 
 
 Nathriniel 312,314 
 
 L.'Oiiard 311 
 Tufts, Mr. -His 
 
 Rev. 240 
 Turner, .Major 217 
 Tuttle, Samuel 015 
 Tjltr, Abr.-,li:nu :;«, GO, 72, 77, 
 ^■K 2".0 
 
 Earnabv470 
 
 Dauiel :'.9:!, 300 
 
 Dean 429 
 
 Dudley 242. 243, 300, 419 
 
 Goodiuau mo 
 
 Jobiit:;. 419. 4i;9, .''.35 
 
 John ,>J, .".SS, 302, 303, 
 .•;00. 4 10 
 
 Jonathan ".21 
 
 Josei.h313, :'.21. ."'.23 
 
 Th.odore '.VXi, ;;90, 4f»8 
 
 Tli..nias :!S2, 3S3, 3SS 390 
 TjTis, E.iH.;rd 300 
 
 Uiiderhill, .Tolm 4^7 
 I'lili.iiii. Clnulcs W. 525 
 fian. :;15 ♦ 
 
 Uvine^ Jonathan ;'.)('., 3.")5 
 
 Varnon, Raraerah .115 
 Varnum, Ji.hn 429, 028, 049 054 
 
 rail 
 YiTcheres L'24 
 Vines, Riehard 33 
 
 Wackfaiie... Nathnni.l :".ll 
 Wadleiiih, I,. (;. .-, ■,'.l. (iO;! 
 "Wade. N;,thaniil 4nH 
 Wakeli.ld. J..s,i,|, ..W.l 
 W'aiu\vrii,'ht, r..l. L'.lt 
 
 i'ranei.s I:m. Jl'O 
 
 Rev. Dr. O'i'.t 
 
 Jolin 1:;T, I'.O. 2S9 
 
 Mary 2i;5 
 
 Simeon l:'.7. 142. 143, 15G 
 Mil, 174. 17.-.. L-ijS, 2l'2, 
 221, 22,S. -j-jn 
 Waldnin. itiihard i>45 
 Wales, I'.bineztT H'lH 
 
 W.ilker, James •°34, 423, 470. 
 512 
 Nathaniel 250, 313, 327, 
 330, 347, 307. 371, .374, 
 414, 415, 428. 4.30, 409, 
 COO 
 R. a. 3.'^2. 580 
 Samuel 39.3, 4(X), 419. 423 
 
 455, 457. 409. 470. 471 
 Timothv. Jr. 433 
 "Wallace. John 396 
 Walton. Col. 200 
 Wnldon, Major 127 
 Ward, Janus 5S 
 
 Rtv. John 35. 30, 33. 39, 
 40. 47, 48, 5.3, 55, 58, 00 
 03, 70, 72. 77, 84, S8, 91 
 09. loo, 108, 110. 133. 
 137, 154, 10.5. 258. 548, 
 
 or,i 
 \athaniel :)G, 38, 40, 55 
 Wannalaneut, .''0 
 Warren, G« n. 392 
 
 Janus 378, 395 
 Washington, Geor^'e 441, 442, 
 443, 444, 44.5, 440, 447, 
 448. 458. 471, 0.30 
 W.isse, Thomas 91. 110 
 Watson, (ieor^'e 409. 045 
 Watts, Klizabeth 232 
 Jesse :'.90 
 
 John 23.5, 311. 315,r333 
 Samuel 128, 15.5, 232, 315 
 :U8. :;5l, 3.50 
 
 Wcbl>, D avi.l 470 
 Webster. Dr. 554 
 Al.i-ail 413 
 R.-njamin 131 
 Caleb 470 
 Daniel 575. 570 
 David 419, 470, 490. 540, 
 
 512. 571. 575 
 Ebcu 15.5, 31.-). .349, .382, 
 
 408, 4 
 Knos 349 
 
 Grant :US. 320, 327,330 
 Jsa.ic ;'.49, 470 
 l.saiaU 535 
 Israel 70, 118, .311 
 James 348. 3,58, 417, 410, 
 
 42(J 
 John 70, 79,80, 15.5, 235. 
 
 209. 311. 428, 470 
 John S. 537 
 Jonathan 243, 315, .320. 
 
 3.27. 3:!0. :;47, .■!48, .351, 
 
 372, 373, :',79, :M>, :'.Hl, 
 
 3S(;, 3H7, 4iit, 411). 4 17, 
 
 420, 428, 4<;".i, .5:iO, 511, 
 
 .V.9. 001, 002 
 .lo.shua 40!) 
 Joseph 353, 3Si 383, 470, 
 
 457. 541, 572, .570 
 Mos.-s3:;0, 349. 410, 400, 
 
 509, 572. 573, 574, 570 
 Kathanid 315. .32ft. .3.5.^ 
 N.ithan 70, 2.2, 200, 291, 
 
 .•!i).i, : 1.5. ;;-_'9. .3.13, ;i:!4, 
 
 4L'0, 510, 5:lO, 542, .5<'.li, 
 .".OS, 57li. 001, 002 
 
 r. t.r .340 
 
 Ihineas 533, 534 
 
 S;,niutl 31.5, 32S. 340. 417 
 
 Webster. Stephen 70. 03, 94, 133 
 15,5, 200, 315, 328, 34.3. 
 348, 340. 3S0, 418, 410, 
 470, 530, 541. 548. 509. 
 570 
 Stephen P. 313 
 Th .mas 315. 340, 410, .509 
 
 570 
 Toothaker 351 
 William 311 
 Weed. Renjamin 300 
 Joshua 409, 480 
 Nathaniel 300 
 Welch. Ezra R. 575, 578 
 
 Rev. Moses 504 
 Welde, Rev. Thomas 53 
 Wells, David M.59, 400 
 John 314 
 .Toseph 4S0 
 Rev. 210 
 Wcntw..rth. John 017 
 
 Gov. 304 
 Wescomb Moses 384 
 
 Thomas 331 
 West, Henry 429, 409 
 
 Jackson 352, 357. 360 
 JIarv 409 
 Nathaniel 300' 
 Rev. Samuel 581 
 Th.jmasllo. .347, 307 371 
 o74, 381, 393,304, 404, 
 410.415. 419. 451, 480, 
 500 
 Wilks 354 
 Wcstcott, Mr. 594 
 Weymouth. Edward 126 
 Wheeler, Aimer .353 
 Amos 487 
 
 Rev. Renjamin 5C8, 611 
 IJenjaniin 311 
 John Ii21 
 .Tonal ban 311 
 liichard K. 537 
 Stephen ai 
 White, th irles 40, 429, 494, 603 
 01)2 
 David .358 
 James 311 
 Jauies D. 53 
 
 John 5.3, I.-.G. 1.57 104 103 
 LOO, 172. 174, 17.5, 2lU, 
 2li0, 2u8, 215, 2:i2, 242, 
 243, 245. 2.".0, 
 
 , 201, 
 270, 273, 274, 
 
 3i:i, 347, :'.58, :".oo. 
 
 ;'.so. 
 
 3S0, 394, ;iii5, 401. 414. 
 
 42\ 4;o, 441,444, 451. 
 
 409. 470, 548. 549. 5.5;i, 
 
 0:!5, 001 
 Jon.ithan 330 
 Joseph ;i.53 
 Le.inard 54. 429, 409. 489 
 
 490, 050, OiJl, 0t)2 
 Nicholas 5.t. 209. 274, 277 
 
 .ill. 314, 317,549 
 Fhillp 53 
 Samuel 53, 242, 243, 25.1. 
 
 :".l:; 320, 327, 3i0, :":'.4. 
 
 347, 3I-.9, 372, 378, 3S0. 
 
 419, 427. 428, 4 0, 4(W, 
 
 41)9, 553, 58.5, 0:'2, Ol> i 
 Timothy .53. 347. 350. 354 
 
 553 
 
2UC 
 
 White, William 38, -W, 47, 52 GO 
 02, tili, 72, 70, 77, 88, 89 
 %. 106, 114, l.-U, l:i7, 
 138, 139, 108, 24.5, 250. 
 25?,, 250, 274, 277, 429. 
 40S, 540, 028, 050, 001 
 
 Ziich.iri.ih 193 
 Whitiu',', D^ivid aii 
 
 John :n:j, m.\ 469, 552 
 
 Joseph 394 
 
 Judith 212, 220 
 
 Siimuul Zil 
 Whitefield, Uev. George 249 
 W'hittier, or Whitcher, 
 
 Rev. Benjamin 517 
 
 Ebenezer 313, 321, 329, 
 .S50 
 
 Elizabeth 314 
 
 i'raneis 359 
 
 Green 279, 321, 343 
 
 Jacob 380 
 
 JameH 388 
 
 John 94, 137, 143, 104, 
 175, 238, 249, 278, 389, 
 393, 395, 4U7, 408, 410, 
 433, 409 
 
 John G. 497, 501, 505 529 
 G-G, 002 
 
 Josipli 173, 2^8, 269, 303 
 313, 328, 409 
 
 Leonard 533, G02 
 
 Mar veil 343 
 
 Mary 205 
 
 Moses 393, 409 
 
 Moses U. 499 
 
 Mitchel 382. 333 
 
 Nathaniel 155, 171, 349. 
 577 
 
 Rev. 246 
 
 Richard 173, 235 
 
 Hanmel 315 
 
 Stephen i 15 
 
 Thomas 52, 02, 07, 72, 74, 
 77. 80, 88, 93, 110, 134, 
 137, 14.5, 17(1, 172, 173, 
 2u7, Hi.',, 252, 250, 257, 
 .■'-14, 347, 458, 409 
 
 W. 1!. .121, .534 
 
 AVarner 45.3, 5.34 
 
 William 2:'.2, 252, 2G9 274 
 278, 3.88, .-,91 
 
 & Geortfe 535 
 
 A Swett 530 
 Whittiker. Alir.ihani 03, 113, 101 
 179, ]'.>\ 233 
 
 Anna 221 
 
 D,anicl311, .328 
 
 Whittiker, David 314. ^35 
 
 Hann.ih 101, .569 
 
 J. 197 
 
 James 382, 383, 407 
 
 Jacob 149, 155 
 
 John 037 
 
 Jonathan 311 
 
 Josepli 197, 200, 347 
 
 Peter 35 !. 414, 409 
 
 Sarah 547 
 
 Samuel 328, 349 
 
 Stephen 320, 349 
 
 Thomas 124, 347, 340, 350 
 4i)7 
 
 William 235, 237, 243 205 
 263, 314, 353, 409, 547, 
 548 
 Whitcomb, Col. 389 
 Whittlesev, Rev. Joseph 561 599 
 
 o"oo 
 
 Wier Nathaniel OO 
 Wicjan.s. Lenoiii 350 
 Wilcot, S.iinuol 103 
 Wilfonl, (Gilbert 94 
 Willfctt .t Co. 40:), 632 
 
 Jo.shna V.'.hi 
 Wild, William 09 
 Wilder, William 74 
 William'!, D.inicl 3.1.5, 341, 342, 
 343. 345, 355 
 
 Hart 330 
 
 John 3.8, 60, 62, 72, 77, 
 80, 94, 100, 250, 419, 
 015 
 
 Ro-er 23 
 Willis, i3eniamin 428,450, 452, 
 453. 409, 532, 628, 6.!l), 
 602 
 
 Benjamin, Jr. 429, 470 
 471, 510 
 
 Rev. Li HMiel 570 
 
 liobert 07, 453, 402, 5.33, 
 641 
 Wilconib, Moses 393 
 
 NicoliH .393 
 Willard, J.tcob .318 
 
 Rev. Joseph 568 
 Wilson, I::z,;kiel .314, 347 
 
 Jamr-s 332. 333 
 
 Ji sse 382, :;s3 
 
 John 314. 393. ,399,411 
 
 Joseph .314 
 
 William 314 
 
 Rev. W. W. 570 
 
 Rev. .Tidiu 49 
 Winjjate, Charles Cm 
 
 John 374, 395, 42S 
 
 Moses 69, 429, 433, 494, 
 
 662 
 Winijate, V,"lliam 384, 393 
 Winn, D.ivid 469 
 AVise, Mr. 510 
 
 Rev. 210 
 Winthi-op. Jiihn 27, 045 
 With, in. .Mark -Hn 403 
 Wood, Ebenezer 349, 351, 400 
 
 .Joseph 300 
 
 Nath.iniel 3.53 
 
 Thomas 103, 437 
 Woodbriil^e, Benjamin 168, 651 
 
 John 43, 53, 651 
 
 Joseph 251 
 Woodbury, EJn-anl 429 
 
 Rev. Isaac 595 
 
 Hann.ih 409 
 
 Samuel 581 
 Woodin,.John 77, 79 
 Woodman, Charles T. 517 
 
 Edward 42 
 
 Ensi'^'n 203 
 
 John 193, 429, 495, 535 , 
 
 Jonathan 261, 263, 393 
 
 Joshua 03 
 
 Nathaniel 314 
 
 Rich.'.rd 503 
 
 Samuel 393. 390 
 Woodard, or Woodward, 
 
 E. G. 057 
 
 Jacob .31.3, 343 
 
 Nathaniel 059 
 
 Stephen 3U 
 Wooster, Asa 353 
 
 lienjamin 31t 
 
 Joiiath.m 353 
 Worthen, Lrman 51,5 
 
 L. .t.'C. 537 
 
 Moses 352, 410 
 
 Samuel 237, 209, 311, 313 
 314 
 
 Th.Muas 312, 3)4, 342 343 
 34-1 
 Wri-ht, Abel 353 
 Wyman, Jacob 409 
 
 Levi .353 
 
 Scth 382, 383, 333, 092 
 
 Young, Caleb 383 
 Israel ;)f4 
 John 367 
 Joseph 410 
 Josiah 344, 34(5 
 Robert 353 
 
 Youring, Joseph 4o7 
 
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