Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from LYRASIS members and Sloan Foundation http://www.archive.org/details/fertilizerreportOOjenk ' s Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station NEW HAVEN, CONN. BULLETIN 209 DECEMBER, 1918 Fertilizer Report for 19 18 By E. H. JENKINS, Director, and E. MONROE BAILEY, Chemist In Charge of the Analytical Laboratory. CONTENTS Page Raw Materials Chiefly Valuable for Nitrogen 125 " " " " " Phosphoric Acid. ^ 128 " Potash 130 " " " " " Nitrogen and Phosphoric Acid. .......'......... 133 Nitrogenous Fertilizers, Factory Mixed 138 Miscellaneous Fertilizers 162 The Bulletins of this Station are mailed free to citizens of Connecti- cut who apply for them, and to others as far as the editions permit. CONNECTICUT AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. OFFICERS AND STAFF December, 1918. BOARD OF CONTROL. His Excellency, Marcus H. Holcomb, ex-officio, President. James H. Webb, Vice President Hamden George A. Hopson, Secretary Wallingford E. H. Jenkins, Director and Treasurer New Haven Joseph W. Alsop Avon Wilson H. Lee .' Orange Elijah Rogers Southington W. H. Hall So. Willington Administration. E. H. Jenkins, Ph.D., Director and Treasurer. Miss V. E. Cole, Librarian and Stenographer. Miss L. M. Beautlecht, Bookkeeper and Stenographer. William Vbitch, In charge of Buildings and Grounds. Chemistry. Analytical Laboratory. *John Phillips Street, M.S. E. Monroe Bailey, Ph.D., Chemist in charge. *C. B. MoRisON, B.S., C. E. Shepard, ( , . ^, ■ -_,_, ___._,_, __ I Assistant Chermsts. M. D Esopo, Ph.B., H. D. Edmond, B.S., ' Frank Sheldon, Laboratory Assistant. V. L. Churchill, Sampling Agent. Miss Alta H. Moss, Stenographer. Protein Research. Botany. Entomology. Forestry. Plant Breeding Vegetable Growing. T. B. Osborne, Ph.D., D.Sc, Chemist in Charge. Miss E. L. Ferry, M.S., Assistant. G. P. Clinton, Sc.D., Botanist. E. M. Stoddard, B.S., Assistant Botanist. Miss F. A. McCormick, Ph.D., Scientific Assistant. G. E. Graham, General Assistant. W. E. Britton, Ph.D., Entomologist: State Entomologist. B. H. Walden, B.Agr., First Assistant. M. P. Zappe, B.S., *I. W. Davis, B.Sc, Assistants. Miss Martha deBussy, Stenographer. Walter O. Filley, Forester: also State Forester and State Forest Fire Warden. A. E. Moss, M.F., Assistant State and Station Forester. Miss E. L. Avery, Stenographer. Donald F. Jones, M.S., Plant Breeder. C. D. HaBBELL, Assistant. W. C. Pelton, B.S. * Absent on leave, In U. S. Service. Report on Commercial Fertilizers, 1918. By E. H. Jenkins, Director, and E. M. Bailey, Chemist in Charge of the Analytical Laboratory. In 1918, forty-three individuals and firms entered 342 brands of fertilizers for sale in this State, classified as follows: Nitrogenous superphosphates with potash 132 ' Nitrogenous superphosphates without potash 151 Bone manures and tankage 24 Fish, castor pomace, chemicals and miscellaneous 35 Total 342 During the spring months Mr. Churchill, the Station's agent, visited about 100 towns and villages in the State and gathered 466 samples. These represented all the registered brands except the following : Alpha Portland Cement Co.^s Alpha Potash-Lime;* American Agricultural Chemical Co.'s Grain and Seeding Fertilizer, Pul- verized Sheep Manure, Top Dresser, 1916, Bradley's Tobacco Manure, 1916, East India Economizer Phosphate, 1916, Roanoke Phosphate, 1916, Tobacco Special, 1916, Unexcelled FertiHzer, 1916, Packers' Union Animal Corn Fertilizer, 1916, Potato Manure, 1916, Quinnipiac Wrapper Leaf Brand Tobacco Manure, 1916, Wheeler's Potato Manure, 1916, Wilfiams & Clark's Match- less Fertilizer, 1916, Seed Leaf Tobacco Manure, 1916; Brown's Oats & Top Dressing; Essex Tobacco Manure; Fertile Chemical Co.'s Nitro-Fertile;t Frishie's 4-8-2;| Lister's Ammoniated Dis- solved Superphosphate, Complete Tobacco Manure, 1916, 1-8-2 FertiHzer, Success Fertilizer, 1916; Lowell High Grade 5-8; National Ammoniated Phosphate, 1916, Extra High Grade Potato Fertilizer, High Grade Top Dressing without Potash; New England H. G. Potato FertiHzer; Parmenter & Polsey's Special Tobacco & Onion Grower; Royster's Pipe of Peace Tobacco * A sample sent by manufacturer was analyzed. t A sample sent by manufacturer was analyzed, also one sent by pur- chaser. I A sample sent by purchaser was analyzed. 124 CONNECTICUT EXPEEIMENT STATION BULLETIN 209. Fertilizer; Worcester Rendering Co.'s Royal Worcester Corn & Grain Fertilizer. Of the 31 brands not found on sale, 16 were not sold in the state. Of the remaining 15 brands, 2 manufacturer's samples were analyzed and 1 purchaser's sample was examined. Classification of Fertilizers Analyzed. Number of 1. Containing nitrogen as the chief active ingredient: Samples Nitrate of soda 7 Cotton-seed meal . 56 Castor pomace 5 ■ 2. Containing phosphoric acid as the chief active ingredient: Basic lime phosphate 1 Precipitated bone phosphate 1 Acid phosphate 13 Barium phosphate 1 3. Containing potash as the chief active ingredient: Muriate of potash 6 Sulphate of potash 1 Kainit 1 Cotton-hull ashes 5 "Feldspar potash" 1 Potash-Lime Fertilizer 1 4. Containing nitrogen and phosphoric acid: Fish manures . 9 Slaughterhouse tankage 8 Mixed bone and tankage. 1 Garbage tankage 1 Bone manures. 20 5. Mixed fertilizers: Nitrogenous superphosphates. . . .' 267 6. Miscellaneous fertilizers and waste products: Sheep manure 10 Rabbit manure 1 Bat guano 2 Wood ashes 21 Lime and limekiln ashes 4 Tobacco stems and dust 3 Lime-Fertile and Nitro-Fertile 4 Other miscellaneous materials 76 Total 526 NITEATE OF SODA. 125 I. RAW MATERIALS CHIEFLY VALUABLE FOR NITROGEN. NitRATE OF SODA. The nitrate sold in this State in 1918 has maintained the usual quahty having an average content of 15.49 per cent, of nitrogen. Seven samples were analyzed as follows : 10955. Sold by Berkshire Fertilizer Co., Bridgeport. Old stock of W. H. Burr, Westport. 10708. Sold by Nitrate Agencies Co., New York. Stock of A. G. Ross, Bridgeport. 10709. Sold by American Agricultural Chemical Co., New York. Stock of F. S. Bidwell Co., Windsor Locks. 10870. Sold by Apothecaries Hall Co., Waterbury, Sampled at Factory. *9714 and 9715. Stock of Brainard Nursery & Seed Co., Thompsonville. 10710. Sold by Sanderson Fertilizer & Chemical Co., New Haven. Sampled at Station Farm, Mt. Carmel. Analyses of Nitrate of Soda. Station No 10955 10708 10709 10870 9714 9715 10710 Per cent, of Nitrogen guaranteed 14.80 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 Nitrogen found 15.20 15.48 15.24 15.35 15.96 15.98 15.24 Cost per ton $67.66 100.00 100.00 113.00 Nitrogen costs cents per pound 22 . 3 32 . 3 32 . 8 36.8 Two of the samples contain at least one-half per cent, more nitrogen than is usually found in this article. The price of 10955 is not a current price. The market price of nitrogen in this form during the year has ranged from 32 to 37 cents and even higher. COTTON SEED MEAL. Only 56 samples of this material have been sent for analysis, a smaller number than in any other recent year. Of these analyses only those which failed to meet the claims of the seller, eleven in number, are given in table, page 127. * Not sampled by station agent. 126 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETIN 209. The percentage of nitrogen ranged from 5.12 to 7.02, the average of all samples being 5.98 per cent. The average cost per ton of the 56 samples was $57.41 and in most cases represents dehveries in car lots. Cotton seed meal contains about 2.9 per cent, of phosphoric acid and 1.9 per cent, of potash. If these are valued at 5 and 30 cents respectively, the average cost of nitrogen in cotton seed meal in 1918 has been about 36 cents per pound. The average figures for the last six years have been: Number Cost per Year. Analyzed. Ton. 1913 315 $33 . 00 1914 224 1915 182 1916 177 39.52 1917 95 44.20 1918 56 57.41 Per cent. Nitrogen Cost Nitrogen. cents per Pound 6.89 20.7 6.77 21.6 6.96 19.9 6.65 20.9 6.10 26.5 5.98 36.0 Much less unmixed cotton seed meal has been used as a fertilizer this year in this State. The reasons are several. It was sold on sight draft instead of arrival draft and buyers did not care to assume the risk of over charges in freight, loss from rough handling, etc. Shortage of labor made the work of home mixing more difficult and led many. to use only factory mixed fertilizers. The higher price and lower content of nitrogen also lessened the demand and freight congestion made deUveries uncertain. The steady deterioration in the quality of the meal is evident from the figures given above. It may be explained by the facts that because of the high price of cotton, the seed has been closely ginned to secure aU the cotton possible, and where the seed is nearly ''bald" the removal of the hulls is not so complete as where there is considerable fibre left on them. It is also stated that the removal of oil is more complete where a larger amount of hull is left with the meal and, finally, there seems to be a tendency to reduce meal generally to a basis of 36 per cent, of protein (5.76 per cent, nitrogen). At the time of writing, early December, 43 per cent, meal is quoted in Kansas City at $67.00 which, with the usual allowance for phosphoric acid and potash, makes nitrogen cost over 38 CASTOR POMACE. Cotton Seed Meals Below Guaranty. 127 Manufactvirer or Jobber, Car No. or Marks. Purchased, Sampled or Sent by Per cent. Nitrogen. American Cotton Oil Co., N. Y. 11049 22401 10657 10854 43111 11047 182647 11048 36040 H. L. Buss & Co., Boston. 10654 37384 10699 10940 10937 10935 10944 Rodney J. Hardy & Sons, Boston. 84399 M. K. A Humphreys-Godwin Co. Memphis, Tenn. 4937, G. C. & T. F 48446 L. & W 22132 I. C Southern Cotton Oil Co., N. C. 248869 T. C. Seymour, Windsor Locks. Henry Fuller, SufReld E. S. Seymour, Suffield T. C. Seymour, Windsor Locks. T. C. Seymour, Windsor Locks. Geo. S. Phelps & Co., Thompson- ville 5.. 50 5.60 5.12 5.42 5.56 5.43 Geo. S. Phelps & Co., Thompson- ville H. C. Cone, Suffield. H. C. Cone, Suffield. H. C. Cone, Suffield. 5.49 5.88 5.50 5.99 Griffin Tob. Co., No. Bloomfield. 5.50 5.75 5.76 5.75 5.75 5.75 5.75 5.75 6.18 5.76 6.18 5.76 $53.56 53.75 54.50 56.03 56.03 57.50 58.00 52.00 57.00 52.00 53.50 cents per pound at that point. 36 per cent, meal is quoted in Connecticut on the same date at S64.00, making the cost of nitro- gen about 43 cents. CASTOR POMACE. Five samples were analyzed as follows: 11053. Sold by Apothecaries Hall Co., Waterbury. Stock of W. J. Reeves, Windsorville. 10894. Sold by H. J. Baker & Bro., N. Y. Stock of Oliver Thrall, Windsor. 10864. Sold by A. L. Koster, Suffield. Stock of S. B. Warner, Windsor. 128 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETIN 209. 10776. Sold by Olds & Whipple, Hartford. Stock of F. S. Bidwell & Co., Windsor Locks. 11201. Sold by Olds & Whipple, Hartford. Sampled at factory. 10864 was found with no tags attached. The seller reported the nitrogen guaranty. Analyses of Castok Pomace. Station No 11053 10894 10864 10776 11201 Per cent, of Nitrogen guaranteed . . 4.62 4.52 4.52 4.50 5.00 Nitrogen found 5.28 4.64 5.10 4.70 4.90 Cost per ton . $58.00 $53.00 $53.50 $57.00 $53.00 The average ton price of these five samples has been $54.90. Their average nitrogen content has been 4.92. Allowing 5 cents and 30 cents per pound respectively for the phosphoric acid and potash in them, the average cost of nitrogen has been not far from 48 cents per pound, the most expensive form of nitrogen. The castor pomace situation is as follows: The castor beans formerly imported from India have all gone to England, the castor oil being greatly needed for the lubrication of aeroplane motors. There has been a considerable production of castor beans in this country since our entry into war, but it has had no effect on the supply of pomace in New England. II. RAW MATERIALS CHIEFLY VALUABLE FOR •PHOSPHORIC ACID BASIC LIME PHOSPHATE. 11052. Sold by American Agri. Chem. Co., N. Y. Stock of E. Dudley Bartlett, Guilford. Cost $23.00 per ton. Guaranteed 13 per cent, "available" phosphoric acid, 14 per cent, total phos- phoric acid. It contained Water-soluble phosphoric acid 1 . 23 Citrate-soluble phosphoric acid 13.40 Citrate-insoluble phosphoric acid 1 .45 Total phosphoric acid 16 . 06 "Available" phosphoric acid 14.63 Lime 28.30 Magnesia 0.89 "Available" phosphoric acid in this material costs 7.9 cents per pound. ACID PHOSPHATE. 129 PRECIPITATED BONE PHOSPHATE. 10997. Sold by Olds & Whipple, Hartford. Sampled at factory. Cost $48.35 per ton. It contained Water-soluble phosphoric acid 2.02 Citrate-soluble phosphoric acid 28 . 20 Citrate-insoluble phosphoric acid 2.56 Total phosphoric acid 32 . 78 "Available" phosphoric acid 30.22 "Available" phosphoric acid in this material costs 8 cents per pound. DISSOLVED ROCK PHOSPHATE OR ACID PHOSPHATE. Thirteen samples were analyzed as follows: 10890. Sold by Nitrate Agencies Co., N. Y. ' Stock of A. G. Ross, Bridgeport. 10893. Sold by L. T. Frisbie Co., N. H. Sampled at factory. 11003. Sold by Wilcox Fertilizer Co., Mystic. Stock of M. E. Thompson, Ellington. 10777. Sold by American Agr. Chem. Co., N. Y. Stock of W. J. Lobdell, Stratford. 11018. Sold by Coe-Mortimer Co., N. Y. Stock of J. E. Stoddard, Abington. 11051. Sold by American Agr. Chem. Co., N. Y. Stock of E. H. Latimer, Southington. 10956. Sold by F. S. Royster Guano Co., Baltimore, Md. Stock of J. D. Kelsey & Son, Madison. 11020. Sold by Armour Fertilizer Works, Chrome, N. J. Stock of Quality Seed Store, Stamford. 10866. Sold by American Agr. Chem. Co., N. Y. Stock of Geo. S. Phelps & Co., Thompsonville. 10871. Sold by Apothecaries Hall Co., Waterbury. Sampled at factory. 11162. Sold by Armour FertiKzer Works, Chrome, N. J. Stock of Quality Seed Store, Stamford. 10833. Sold by Bowker FertiKzer Co., N. Y. Stock of W. B. Martin, Rockville. 10957. Sold by Coe-Mortimer Co., N. Y. Stock of Gunther Bros., Rockville. 130 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETIN 209. Analyses of Acid Phosphate. , a , I" \ -n • rrt T3-rt mSmS >" '"'^ .a •- a)-- " oo oS oofl (D "^ ® "^ ■§ ^ o a^ n.^ a^ o •S" ^"^o -a .^ .^ ^ .^n O 35 -3o «>0 S «J=3 Ooj O (BOiS ^ ^a _.§a _.§a -gcj ^a ^as § >aS 10890 13.56 2.78 0.47 16.81 16.34 16.0 $21.00 6.4 10893 15.61 1.87 17.48 17.48 16.0 23.00 6.6 11003 15.70 2.85 0.23 18.78 18.55 15.5 27.00 7.3 10777 12.29 3.83 1.57 17.69 16.12 16.0 26.00 8.1 11018 12.12 4.09 1.27 17.48 16.21 16.0 27.00 8.3 11051 15.64 1.22 1.27 18.13 16.86 16.0 29.00 8.6 10956 13.40 3.25 0.79 17.44 16.65 16.0 29.00 8.7 11020 13.73 1.89 0.27 15.89 15.62 16.0 28.00 9.0 10866 10.15 4.16 1.36 15.67 14.31 14.0 26.00 9.1 10871 10.28 3.88 0.99 15.15 14.16 14.0 26.00 9.2 11162 14.03 1.51 0.19 15.73 15.54 16.0 30.00 9.7 10833 12.08 2.32 1.50 15.90 14.40 14.0 29.00 10.1 10957 9.85 4.23 1.07 15.15 14.08 14.0 Of these samples 11020 did not meet the guaranty, the deficiency in available phosphoric acid being 0.38 per cent. Of the twelve samples with cash prices attached 9 are guaranteed 16 per cent, "available" and 3 are guaranteed 14 per cent. The average cost of the former is $26.33 and of the latter $27.00. On this basis available phosphoric acid in the higher grade has cost about 7.9 cents per pound and in the lower grade 9.4 cents. BARIUM-PHOSPHATE. 11019. Sold by Witherbee, Sherman & Co., Port Henry, N. Y. Stock of Olds & Whipple, Hartford. Guaranteed 14 per cent, phosphoric acid. Cost $18.00 per ton. It contained 14.97 per cent, phosphoric acid, chiefly in insoluble forms. in. RAW MATERIALS OF HIGH GRADE CONTAINING POTASH. MURIATE OF POTASH. Six samples were examined as f oUows : 9716. Stock of Brainard Nursery & Seed Co., Thompsonville. It contained 51.30 per cent, potash. COTTON HULL ASHES. 131 10638. Stock of E, E. Burwell, New Haven. It contained 50.92 per cent, potash. 9698. Stock of Geo. E. Butler, Meriden. It contained 53.84 per cent, potash. 10581. Stock of M. Keeney, Somersville. It contained 53.40 per cent, potash. 11014. Stock of E. J. Leonard, Wallingford. It contained 48.08 per cent, potash. 10848. Stock of John Wm. Norton, Madison. It contained 62.76 per cent, potash. SULPHATE OF POTASH. 10580. Stock of M. Keeney, Somersville. It contained 47.76 per cent, potash. Sold for $225.00 per ton. Cost of potash 23.6 cents per pound. KAINIT. 10663. Sent by B. W. Ellis, County Agent, Putnam. It con- tained 15.50 per cent, potash. The above samples, with exception of 10580, represent small lots, in farmers' hands, probably not offered for sale, COTTON HULL ASHES. ' Five samples were analyzed as follows: 9756, 11364, 11365. Sold by Olds & Whipple, Hartford. Stock of J. B. Stewart, Windsor. Cost $6.00 per unit of water- soluble potash, equivalent to 30 cents per pound for actual potash. The samples contained 25.74, 19.62 and 18.70 per cent, of potash respectively. 11295. Sold by Olds & Whipple, Hartford. Stock of E. P. Brewer, Silver Lane. . Cost $6.00 per unit of water-soluble potash, equivalent to 30 cents per pound for actual potash. It contained 24.66 per cent, of potash. 11448. Sold by Olds & Whipple, Hartford. Stock of John Wolf, Windsor. . Cost $6.50 per unit of water-soluble potash, equivalent to 33 cents per pound for actual potash. It contained 19.29 per cent, of potash. The cost of water-soluble potash in this form has ranged from 30 to 33 cents per pound and even higher. 10660. Stated to be "feldspar potash," but not from any stock offered for sale. It contained 48.44 per cent, of water- soluble potash, chiefly in form of muriate. 132 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETIN 209. 11055. Alpha Potash — ^Lime Fertilizer. Made by the Alpha Portland Cement Co., Easton, Pa. Sampled and sent by the manufacturer. It contained 2.59 per cent, of water-soluble potash, 27.32 per cent, of lime and 1.01 per cent, of magnesia. It is quoted by the manufacturer at $12.00 per ton in bulk or $15.00 in bags. At the latter price and making no allowance for lime, potash would cost at the works 28.9 cents per pound. The Potash Situation. Already truck crops in this country have undoubtedly suffered from lack of potash as respects their yield and shipping quahty. No marked reduction of our staple crops, which have a longer growth period, or of fruit crops, has come to our notice. That this lack of potash will continue in 1919 is beyond question. Before the war the country imported about 230,000 tons of actual potash, more than 90 per cent, of which was used as a fertilizer. Our annual requirements for the immediate future are estimated at 250,000 tons. In 1917 the total domestic production was estimated at 32,573 tons from the following sources: From the brines of western "lakes" 20,652 tons kelp on the Pacific coast 3,572 molasses residues 2,846 the mineral alunite 2,402 all other sources 3,101 32,573 The sources most promising for the future seem to be the brines and the dust from blast furnaces and cement kilns. The data here given are taken from a publication of the U. S. Bureau of Mines, The Potash Situation, by A. W. Stockett. In view of this critical situation, attention should be given to the careful conservation of the very considerable but neglected sources of home production. These have been discussed in Bulletin 198 of this Station, which is still available for distribution. Some of the potash salts hitherto obtained from brines have contained considerable amounts of boric acid, and such salts have seriously damaged crops to which they were appHed, as has been shown by Conner, of Purdue University, and others. TANKAGE. 133 IV. RAW MATERIALS CHIEFLY VALUABLE FOR NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORIC ACID. FISH MANURES. Nine samples of fish manures have been examined. " Dry- fish scrap " as put on the market before the war contained quite imiformly about 8.25 per cent, of nitrogen and 6,0 per cent, of phosphoric acid. The analyses here given show from 7.8 to 9.71 per cent, of nitrogen, while phosphoric acid ranges from 3.13 to 14.32 per cent. Obviously they are not wholly dried fish scrap, as the term was formerly used, and four of them are decidedly inferior to it in composition and value. These last may contain fish residues with or without some foreign material. Not more than three have a fairly consistent composition for dried fish scrap. No. 11296, sent by Spencer Bros., Suffield, was damp and sticky, unfit mechanically to use in a drill. We understand that evaporated "soup" from the tankage manufacture is sometimes used in fertilizer mixtures and is apt to give this sticky con- sistence. For analyses see pages 134 and 135. SLAUGHTER HOUSE TANKAGE. Of the eight samples described in the table 10892 and 10889 have the composition of ground bone rather than of tankage. The same is true of 10601 although it was stated by the sender that it was sold for "blood tankage." 10891, sold by the Nitrate Agencies Co., failed to meet its guaranty in nitrogen and greatly overran that of phosphoric acid. It is probable that the stock which it represented was wrongly branded or mixed with other goods. For analyses see pages 134 and 135. MIXED BONE AND TANKAGE. 11099. Lister's Celebrated Ground Bone and Tankage acidu- lated, made by Lister's Agricultural Chemical Works, Newark, N. J. From stock of H. J. StancHft, New Hartford. Cost $38.00 per ton. Percentage composition Nitrogen as nitrates , 0.11 as ammonia . 23 organic 2 . 77 total 3.11 Phosphoric acid — water-soluble ........; 4.97 citrate-soluble 3.92 citrate-insoluble 3 . 34 total 12.23 134 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETIN 209. Analyses of 6 a "8 Manufacturer. Dealer or Purchaser. 10895 11102 Sampled by Station: Apothecaries Hall Co Berkshire Fertilizer Co W. J. Reeves, Windsorville Joseph Zawistovski, Hazardville. . . . Spencer Bros, Suffield Factory S. J. Stevens, Glastonbury Amer. Sumatra Co., Windsor Locks. 10964 11090 10752 11087 A. L. Koster Olds & Whipple Va.-Car. Chemical Co Sampled by Purchaser. 10687 11296 Standard Guano Co A. L. Koster, Suffield A. L. Koster, Suffield Spencer Bros., Suffield 10913 Orr Bros. Tobacco Co., Windsor. . . * 0.25 per cent, nitrogen in nitrates. GARBAGE TANKAGE. 10605 is tankage prepared from city garbage. Sent by the Bridgeport Hydraulic Co., Bridgeport. It contained 1.87 per cent, of nitrogen and 2.17 per cent, of phosphoric acid. 85 per cent, of the material was in particles coarser than 1-50 inch. Analyses of 6 a .2 Manufacturer. Dealer or Purchaser. 10892 Apothecaries Hall Co Chas. Templeton, Waterbury Factory Apothecaries Hall Co., Waterbury. . S. D. Woodruff & Sons, Orange .... A. G. Ross, Bridgeport 10889 11179 Conn. Fat Rend. & Fert. Corp. . . Unknown 10618 10891 N. Y. Dressed Meat Co Nitrate Agencies Co Quality Seed Store (dealer) Swift & Co Godfrey Co-op. Fert. & Chem. Co. [10601 10602 10603 Rowayton Green Houses, Rowayton Rowayton Green Houses, Rowayton Rowayton Green Houses, Rowayton SLAUGHTER HOUSE TANKAGE. Fish Manures. 135 Total Pho.si- Nitrogen. Phosphoric Acid. phoric Acid. 03 1 *2 6 J^3 a s < • 13 o3 5S ■2.3 cS'o 73 03 a < < .^ H"" ^ " o"" O"'' fc 0.16 8.15 8.31 8.20 0.59 9.24 4.49 14.32 12.06 $90.00 0.14 7.92 8.06 8.23 0.32 4.42 1.94 6.68 6.00 0.46 8.71 9.42* 8.23 0.10 2.38 0.65 3.13 3.00 95.66 0.09 9.62 9.71 8.23 0.35 4.74 2.48 7.57 5.5 100.00 0.10 9.18 9.28 7.82 8.20 8.22 0.43 5.63 1.79 7.85 5.0 0.37 8.94 9.31 8.61 8.22 8.30 0.18 2.51 0.83 3.52 2.75 3.6 0.06 7.88 7.94 0.38 4.43 6.3i 5.12 82.60 BONE MANURES. Twenty analyses of this material are tabulated on page 136. Only one fails to meet its guaranty, No. 11161, Armour's Bone Meal, which contains 0.32 per cent, less nitrogen than guaranteed. Five samples have a composition like that of untreated raw bone meal. The others represent bone variously treated, with the re- Slaughter House Tankage. Nitrogen. Phosphoric Acid. Mechanical Analysis. 03 T3 a d a 1 a < .2 'a ca -d a) a ^ g CD CD +3 CI 03 o3 ■*-' So < < 0° ^- S"^ 0.05 3.40 3.45 3.29 23.14 18.30 45.0 55.0 $50.00 0.06 3.08 3.14 3 29 23.44 20 00 58.0 42.0 50 00 0.13 5.50 5.63 7.96 8 22 20.00 • 0.08 5.95 6.03 8 22 li.26 4 57 25.0 75.6 80 60 0.14 1.95 2.09 18.59 60.0 40.0 0.34 6.16 6.50 9.10 46.0 54.0 0.16 4.50 4.66 7.54 44.0 56.0 136 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETIN 209. Analyses of Manufacturer and Brand. Dealer or Purchaser. 11149 11148 11161 11145 11146 11160 11154 10715 11147 11157 11144 11159 11156 11155 11150 11152 11153 11151 11158 10682 Sam'pled by Station: Amer. Agr. Chem. Co., Fine Ground Bone Apothecaries Hall Co., Bone Meal Armour Fertz. Works, Bone Meal Berkshire Fertz. Co., Fine Ground Bone. Bowker Fertz. Co., Fresh Ground Bone. Coe-Mortimer Co., Fine Ground Bone. . Essex Fertz. Co., Ground Bone L. T. Frisbie Co., Fine Bone Meal International Agr. Corp., Buffalo Bone Meal Lister's Agr. Chem. Works, Lister's Bone Meal Lowell Fertz. Co., Lowell Ground Bone. Nitrate Agencies Co., Ground Bone Rogers & Hubbard Co., Hubbard's Strictly Pure Fine Bone Rogers & Hubbard Co., Pure Raw Knuckle Bone Flour F. S. Royster Guano Co., Royster's Fine Ground Bone Meal Sanderson Fertz. & Ciiem. Co., Fine Ground Bone M. L. Shoemaker & Co., Swift-Sure Bone Meal Van Iderstine Co., Van Iderstine Pure Ground Bone Virginia-Carolina Chem. Co., Bone Meal Sampled by Purchaser. L. T. Frisbie Co., Fine Bone Meal C. E. Slauson Co., Norwalk Factory E. A. Buck & Co., Willimantic Wheeler & Co., Bridgeport Goodsell Bros., Bristol O. C. TuUer, West Simsbury Manchester Plumbing Supply Co., Manchester. . ■ Lightbourn & Pond Co., New Haven Ansonia Flour & Grain Co., Ansonia S. J. Orr, West Suffield M. E. Cooke, Wallingford J. A. Farrell, So. Norwalk R. H. Hall Est., East Hampton Cadwell & Jones, Hartford Silliman Hardware Co., New Canaan Factory Olds & Whipple, Hartford J. B. McArdle, Greenwich J. O; Fox & Co., Putnam A. E. Plant Sons' Co., Bradford. moval of a part of their nitrogen, excepting 11153, Shoemaker's Swift-Sure Bone Meal, which contains more nitrogen than any other. Regarding Rogers & Hubbard Co.'s Strictly pure fine bone, the manufacturers state that, owing to the scarcity of raw bone, the brand had to be made of half raw and half steamed bone, but in 1919 the goods will have the same composition as formerly, made of raw bone and guaranteed to contain 3.82 per cent, of nitrogen and 24.70 of phosphoric acid. BONE MANURES. Bone Manures. 137 Nitrogen. Phosphoric Acid. Mechanical Analysis. '6 a 3 o a c3 o •T3 a 3 o -d a 3 O ■5.9 rt 1 Coarser than 1-50 inch. a q a. . 2.64 .2.79 2.15 3.16 2.74 2.75 2.83 3.16 2.92 3.26 3.26 2.59 2.44 3.89 2.75 2.43 5.34 2.01 2.47 2.98 2.47 2.47 2.47 2.47 2.47 2.47 2.46 2.46 2.50 2.47 2.05 2.46 2.00 3.82 2.47 2.47 4.53 ' 2.00 2.40 2.46 28.91 25.71 28.84 21.16 24.20 25.13 25.59 26.92 23.62 24.79 26.33 24.18 29.42 25.48 23.49 25.61 23.36 27.63' 25.94 26.20 22.88 22.00 22.00 20.00 22.88 22.88 22.00 22.00 22.00 23.00 26.00 22.88 25.00 24.70 22.90 22.88 20.00 27.00 22.00 20.00 63.0 39.0 48.0 40.0 44.0 43.0 54.0 46.0 47.0 53.0 49.0 53.0 55.0 66.0 55.0 44.0 61.0 39.0 55.0 61.0 37.0 61.0 52.0 60.0 56.0 57.0 46.0 54.0 53.0 47.0 51.0 47.0 45.0 34.0 45.0 56.0 39.0 61.0 45.0 39.0 $60.00 44.00 58.00 45.00 49.00 44.00 52.00 48.00 50.00 45.00 48.00 49.00 59.00 53 . 00 43.50 , 57.00 65.00 55.00 40.00 The average per cent, of nitrogen in all the samples is 2.93, of phosphoric acid 25.62, and the average price is $50.76. Allowing five or six cents per pound for phosphoric acid, the average cost of nitrogen has been between 34 and 44 cents per pound. 138 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETIN 209. V. MIXED FERTILIZERS. NITROGENOUS SUPERPHOSPHATES. The following tables include analyses of 263 samples taken by the Station Agent and 4 taken by others. Of those sampled by the Station Agent 109 were guaranteed to contain potash. Regarding Guaranties. Of the brands containing potash 29 failed in one or more respects to meet their guaranties. Of the 154 brands which did not con- tain potash, 34 failed to meet the guaranty either in nitrogen or in "available" phosphoric acid. Of all the nitrogenous super- phosphates examined about 24 per cent, did not meet their guaran- ties in all particulars. In most cases a deficiency in one ingredient was made up in money value by an overrun in the others. In the following cases, however, this deficiency was not made good. Reckoning nitrogen and potash each at 30 cents per pound and "available" phosphoric acid at 6 cents, the deficiencies in money value of more than one dollar per ton were : 10734 Atlantic Packing Co.'s 4-8-2 $2 . 75 10732 Bowker's Complete 4.66 11079 Chittenden's Complete Tobacco and Onion Grower 2.56 11124 " Conn. Tobacco Grower 2.50 10755 Mapes Potato Manure 1 .04 10796 A. A. C. Co.'s Ammoniated Fertilizer A AAA 2.04 10963 Frisbie's Tobacco Special 2.08 10960 International Ag'l Corp'n's. Buffalo N. E. Special 1.86 11105 Lister's Ag'l. Chem. Works' Atlas Brand 1 .24 10836 N. E. Fertilizer Co.'s Potato Fertilizer 1 .80 11132 Royster Guano Co.'s Overland Top Dresser 6.45 10791 " " " Perfecto Tobacco Formula 1 .38 Regarding the Quality of Plant Food in Nitrogenous Superphosphates. The potash given in the analyses is all soluble in water and readily available to crops. The same is true of the "soluble" phosphoric acid. The "citrate- soluble" phosphoric acid, which with the water-soluble is called "available" in trade usage, is doubtless more readily available to crops than the citrate-insoluble, but there are probably considerable differences in the agricultural value of citrate-soluble phosphoric acid coming from different sources or materials. The same is_true NITROGENOUS SUPERPHOSPHATES. 139 of insoluble phosphoric acid. Thus, the insoluble phosphoric acid of bone is more quickly available to crops than that of phosphate rock or apatite. Considering phosphoric acid alone, it is safest to buy those mixed fertilizers in which the proportion of insoluble phosphoric acid is smallest. Regarding the nitrogen in mixed fertilizers, the availability of the portion wliich is in the form of nitrate or ammonia is well understood. The organic nitrogen of mixed fertilizers comes from a great number of materials differing widely in their availability. A method of measuring approximately their availability to crops by their solubility in chemical reagents, has been devised and its value has been checked by vegetation tests. The method has been sufficiently discussed in previous reports. Only its application to the tabulated analyses nded be noticed here. The organic nitrogen is separated into the water-soluble and water-insoluble. The water-soluble may be considered available. The water-insoluble nitrogen is tested for solubility in a defi- nitely prepared potassium permanganate solution. If less than 50 per cent, is soluble by the alkaline treatment and less than 80 per cent, by the neutral treatment, the water-insoluble organic nitrogen is considered inferior in quality. In the following table are given those analyses in which the water-insoluble nitrogen was judged inferior by both of the methods and in which, deducting the insoluble, inactive nitrogen from the nitrogen found, that re- maining did not meet the nitrogen guaranty. Analyses Requiring Special Notice. 10732. Bowker's Complete. The manufacturer's chemist found 2.75 per cent, of potash, whereas our report shows 2.36 per cent. 11025. Apothecaries Hall Co.'s Victor Tobacco Special with Cotton Seed Meal Base. As this sample failed to meet the guar- anty, a second sample, 11175, was drawn at the manufacturer's request, which fully met the guaranty. 10775. Berkshire Fertilizer Co.'s Root FertiHzer. The manu- facturer advises that the goods should show between 3 and 4 per cent, of water-soluble phosphoric acid, instead of only 1.12 as is reported in the table. 140 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETIN 209. -{osni aAj^oB •poqqaiAj 9ui[ -■Bjjjy Aq 9(qh -losnt aAi^oB •aiqniosni -aAI^OBUJ •g^qniosnt -BAi^joy ■s^qnios l«*0X COOOOOrJHO'shOOOOOO'^lMOlMOC^OOXi -*(Ni-ico^i>'*t^cciOi-H O'*H>00-*l:^O00050000O00(MO00t>00 t-iOOOt-iOt-hOOOOi-iOi-I'-iOOCI o fe O ,00 2^^ ^^ «W 0.20 ■^ ■^^r;i^ Ton cd o3 -1-5 pi o • S ai g ao 5cc^: O 3^ O =^ ^f3 f3 s^ ^ ^^ «H P « 3.2 Plr;3 o5 i:^ - Ph 1^^oP| 03 M 03 bC^ fQCQW IS o) 'S o °5 o3 pl Ph bjD- ^ (US OPi u' o Pi o3 CO o3 O •o^ nopB'jg (N^THOOSOJ'^t-OlOlOOSr-lTHOCNMOi CaC cu ■+J d 03 03 d o 6 I? d .2 22 51 28 23 22 97 2.20 2.01 0.08 0.96 1.67 0.03 0.01 0.03 0.74 0.20 0.03 0.21 0.21 0.15 0.08 0.21 0.09 0.90 1.72 1.79 0.57 0.48 0.38 0.99 1.00 3.18 0.75 4.12 4.05 3.37 1.65 2.20 2.38 3.45 4.52 3.36 4.12 4.12 1.65 1.65 2.46 3.30 4.12 3.28 1.71 1.54 6.52 5.19 5.17 7.80 8.04 1.65 3.53 2.12 2.26 1.74 3.27 2.78 1.38 2.64 2.90 4.87 0.79 1.45 0.86 1.62 1.32 0.67 3.10 4.02 2.03 4.62 5.25 9.12 10.08 9.27 9.85 13.78 8.57 10.43 5.00 5.00 9.00 9.00 9.00 9.00 11.00 6.00 9.00 3.83 3.80 8.26 8.46 7.95 9.18 10.68 4.55 8.40 4.00 4.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 10.00 4.00 8.00 0.43 0.21 0.37 0.32 0.37 1.32 1.12 1.06 1.66 2.04 1.24 1.30 0.98 1.24 1.32 1.12 1.69 2.46 2.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 2.00 10998 11108 10840 10753 10832, 11006 11001 10838 10681 152 CONNECTICUT EXPEKIMENT STATION BULLETIN 209. Table II — Nitrogenous Superphosphates. Manufacturer and Brand. Place of Sampling. Sampled by Station: American Agricultural Chemical Co., New York City. Ammoniated Fertilizer A Ammoniated Fertilizer AA Ammoniated Fertilizer AAA Ammoniated Fertilizer AAAA Cereal and Root Fertilizer Complete Manure without Potash Extra Quality Potato Manure Odorless Grass and Lawn Top Dressing without Potash Special Vegetable Fertilizer 5-8 Fertilizer Bradley's Grain Fertilizer Bradley's Root Crop Manure Bradley's Special Corn Phosphate without Potash . . Bradley's Special Potato Fertilizer without Potash. . Bradley's Special Potato Manure without Potash. . . Bradley's Tobacco Manure without Potash East India Tobacco Special without Potash Quinnipiac Special Corn Manure without Potash . . . Quinnipiac Special Potato Phosphate without Potash Quinnipiac Wrapper Leaf Brand Tobacco Manure without Potash Williams and Clark's Seed Leaf Tobacco Manure without Potash 1916 Williams and Clark's Special Americus Corn Phos- phate without Potash Williams and Clark's Special Americus Potato Manure without Potash Apothecaries Hall Co., Waterbury, Conn. Victor Corn, Fruit and All Crops Victor Market Gardeners' Special Victor Potato and Vegetable Special Victor Tobacco Special (C. S. M. Base) Victor Tobacco Special (C. S. M. Base) Victor Top Dresser for Grass and Grain Armour Fertilizer Works, Chrome, N. Special Tobacco Grower No. 2 -. . . 2-10 4-10 Atlantic Packing Co., New Haven. Corn and Grain Fertilizer Potato Phosphate Special Vegetable Plants ville. Waterbury Branford . . Branford . . Putnam . . . Ellington. . Ellington. . Stafford Springs. Putnam Windsor Locks. . South Coventry. Talcott ville Willimantic . . . . . Willimantic Ellington Suffield Burnside New London. . . . Stafford Springs. Suffield South Manchester. Ellington Ellington Factory Cheshire . . . . Factory Windsorville . Burnside . . . . Milldale Hazard ville. Manchester. Hazardville. New Haven. New Haven. New Haven. See note on page 138. t See note on page 139. J See table on page 140. NITROGENOUS SUPERPHOSPHATES. 153 "WITHOUT Potash. Nitrogen" Phosphoric Acid. .2 3 Total. .2 Total. So-called "Available." .S 3 3 _3 t3 3 3 _3 3 -d TS 01 '3 o "o .S 0) :3 3 .9 o M & o Total. 6 3 3 u o Is 6 3 3 i 3 3 3 3 3 o Total. So-called "Available." a Id a 3 o 0) o 03 03 3 O -a 3 3 O CD a 3 03 w 03 3 a -6 3 3 O 13 a> 3 3 O 6 a o •43 3.10 0.03 0.03 1.09 4.26 4.12 3.23 5.40 2.83 11.46 10.00 8.63 8.00 10826 0.10 0.29 0.48 0.87 0.82 7.95 2.76 2.07 12.78 11.00 10.71 10.00 10713 'o'.56 0.21 0.50 0.58 1.86 1.66 4.93 4.42 2.32 11.67 11.00 9.36 10.00 10712 0.47 0.15 0.81 1.27 2.70 2.47 5.73 4.06 1.77 11.66 11.00 9.79 10.00 10974 0.75 0.98 0.61 1.07 3.41 3.29 7.25 3.03 1.50 11.78 11.00 10.28 10.00 10798 1.92 1.20 0.26 0.77 4.14 4.11 5.79 3.13 1.16 10.08 9.00 8.92 8.00 11100 0.62 0.06 0.72 3.18 4.58 4.53 0.71 2.86 0.49 4.06 4.00 3.57 3.00 10975 0.53 0.29 0.54 1.36 1.23 7.90 2.83 0.36 11.09 11.00 10.73 10.00 10825 'i'.oi 0.37 0.21 0.50 2.09 2.46 6.74 3.61 0.51 10.86 11.00 10.35 10.00 10836 2.18 0.08 1.08 1.03 4.37 4.10 0.81 5.68 1.52 8.01 7.00 6.49 6.00 11200 1.3S 0.49 0.40 0.64 2.88 2.87 7.99 2.23 0.59 10.81 11.00 10.22 10.00 10769 0.84 0.08 0.17 0.70 1.79 1.65 6.06 4.51 1.05 11.62 10.00 10.67 10.00 10761 2.64 0.13 0.14 2.20 5.11 4.95 3.79 1.71 0.59 6.09 4.00 5.60 4.00 10764 3.21 0.13 0.65 5.29 9.28 9.06 1.94 2.37 0.45 4.76 3.00 4.31 3.00 11039 1.20 0.09 0.23 1.08 2.60 2.45 6.02 3.43 0.68 10.13 8.00 9.45 8.00 10763 0.96 0.06 0.10 3.36 4.48 4.11 1.65 2.66 0.37 ■ 4.68 3.00 4.31 3.00 11174 0.91 0.05 0.17 3.30 4.43 4.11 1.56 1.85 0.35 3.76 3.00 3.40 3.00 10808 0.65 0.02 0.23 0.28 1.18 1.23 7.99 2.36 1.32 11.67 11.00 10.35 10.00 11111 1.09 0.58 0.47 0.77 2.91 2.87 7.02 3.70 0.55 11.27 11.00 10.72 10.00 10981 1.20 0.35 0.42 0.65 2.62 2.46 6.56 3.97 1.09 11.62 11.00 10.53 10.00 10980 4.88 0.13 0.67 0.66 6.34 6.00 0.05 5.02 6.83 11.90 12.00 5.07 6.00 10722 0.84 0.21 0.51 0.88 2.44 2.50 2.96 6.54 5.16 14.66 12.00 9.50 10.00 10721 1.37 0.02 0.15 0.28 1.82 1.62 ■3.87 2.68 1.76 8.30 7.50 6.56 7.00 10988 1.92 0.10 0.52 0.86 3.40 3.30 4.91 6.46 5.03 16.40 13.50 11.37 12.60 10989 2.49 0.16 1.09 1.31 5.06 5.00 2.04 8.50 4.59 15.13 13.00 10.54 10.00 11094 0.84 0.31 0.35 2.53 4.03 4.12 0.09 2.73 3.86 6.67 4.00 2.82 3.00 10990 0.76 0.09 0.07 0.37 1.29 1.00 3.94 3.48 1.93 9.35 8.00 7.42 7.50 10806 1.21 0.19 0.09 0.76 2.26 2.00 6.35 6.53 4.03 16.91 15.00 12.88 14.00 10827 0.17 1.94 0.16 1.75 4.02 4.11 8.12 2.05 0.82 10.99 10.60 10.17 10.00 11095 0.08 0.64 0.42 0.75 1.89 1.65 6.35 3.43 1.15 10.93 8.50 9.78 8.00 10991 0.10 0.37 0.49 0.96 0.82 3.39 4.40 1.46 9.25 8.50 7.79 8.00 10762 1.12 0.48 0.99 2.59 2.47 4.95 3.28 1.47 9.70 8.50 8.23 8.00 11089 'o'.ii 2.04 0.21 1.49 3.85 3.29 8.35 1.84 0.75 10.94 10.50 10.19 10.00 11093 160 CONNECTICUT EXPEEIMENT STATION BULLETIN 209. Table II — Nitrogenous Superphosphates. Manufacturer and Brand. Place of Sampling. *11I32 tl0819 11091 11123 *10791 11110 11138 10831 10760 10996 10719 111109 10766 10839 11000 10999 10765 11107 10837 11004 11002 11007 10680 10679 10662 Sampled by Station: F. S. Royster Guano Co., Baltimore, Md. (Cont.) fOverland Top Dresser Overland Top Dresser Penguin Ammoniated Superphosphate Perfecto Tobacco Formula fPerfecto Tobacco Formula Sanderson Fertilizer & Chenucal Co., New Haven, Conn. High Grade Ammoniated Phosphate High Grade Ammoniated Phosphate Phosphate without Potash Special without Potash ' Tobacco Grower 1916 Top Dressing for Grass and Grain without Potash 1916 The C. M. Shay Co., Groton, Conn. Shay's Formula 4-8 M. L. Shoemaker & Co., Philadelphia, Pa. Swift-Sure Superphosphate for Tobacco and General Use Springfield Rendering Co., Springfield, Mass. Animal Fertilizer Virginia- Carolina Chemical Co., New York City. Ammoniated Bone Phosphate for All Crops H. G. Corn and Vegetable Compound without Potash Indian Brand for Tobacco without Potash Tobacco and Onion Special Wilcox Fertilizer Co.., Mystic, Conn. Corn Special Grain Fertilizer Grass Fertilizer Worcester Rendering Co., Auburn, Mass. Royal Worcester Potato and Vegetable Fertilizer. Sampled by Purchasers: Frisbie's Market Garden and Top Dresser Frisbie's Potato and Vegetable Grower Olds & Whipple's Complete Tobacco Special. Hazard ville. . Cheshire . . . . Glastonbury . New Milford. Glastonbury . Westport East Hartford. Shelton. Plain ville Silver Lane. . . Mt. Carmel. Groton. Windsor Locks. Thompsonville Simsbury. North Haven Glastonbury . Glastonbury . Ellington. Ellington. Ellington. Norwich. Branford: — The A. E. Plant Sons' Co Branford: — The A. E. Plant Sons' Co West Suffield:—B.. C. Nelson * See Note on page 138. t See note on page 141. J See table on page 140. NITROGENOUS SUPERPHOSPHATES. 161 WITHOUT Potash — (Concluded). Nitrogen. Phosphoric Acid. 5 'a o a a < a 'o 03 g o .a II o Total. 1 1 6 1 O 3 "o .9 i o Total. So-called "Available." 1 a el 3 o 'a a ca O 13 a 3- o (0 03 03 el O a 3 o a "S 03 o 6 CI _o CO 0.05 2.24 0.29 1.42 4.00 4.94 2.90 1.42 0.59 4.91 5.50 4.32 5.00 11132 1.95 0.66 • 1.84 4.45 4.94 5.16 3.56 1.51 10.23 5.50 8.72 5.00 10819 6 .06 1.00 0.26 0.54 1.86 1.65 6.81 3.25 1.07 11.13 10.50 10.06 10.00 11091 0.21 0.89 0.40 2.62 4.12 4.11 1.94 2.32 0.58 4.84 4.50 4.26 4.00 11123 0.13 0.93 0.24 2.51 3.81 4.11 2.26 2.10 0.55 4.91 4.50 4.36 4,00 10791 1.20 0.12 0.52 1.35 3.19 3.29 6.52 4.01 1.07 11.60 11.00 10.53 10.00 11110 1.16 0.81 1.14 3.11 3.29 8.05 2.13 0.54 10.72 11.00 10.18 10.00 11138 0.47 0.10 '6'.58 0.58 1.73 1.65 4.54 5.47 1.61 11.62 11.00 10.01 10.00 10831 0.63 0.12 0.54 1.13 2.42 2.47 6.10 3.93 2.02 12.05 11.00 10.03 10.00 10760 1.04 0.05 0.17 3.01 4.27 4.53 0.98 2.96 0.51 4.45 4.00 3.94 3.00 10996 1.94 0.67 0.67 1.28 4.56 4.11 6.09 2.40 1.74 10.23 9.00 8.49 8.00 10719 0.85 0.06 0.90 1.41 3.22 3.-29 6.01 3.85 1.27 11.13 11.00 9.86 10.00 11109 0.78 0.84 1.61 3.23 3.30 8.27 3.19 2.88 14.34 11.00 11.46 9.00 10766 1.12 0.04 0.81 0.46 2.43 2.46 7.76 4.13 1.07 12.96 11.00 11.89 10.00 10839 0.29 0.94 0.24 1.47 1.65 8.16 3.33 0,20 11.69 11.00 11.49 10.00 11000 0.16 1.83 0.06 0.46 2.51 2.47 7.70 2.81 0.40 10.91 11.00 10.51 10.00 10999 0.09 1.89 0.29 1.51 3.78 4.12 4.31 0.85 0.38 5.54 5.00 5.16 4.00 10765 j 0.34 2.42 0.62 3.38 3.29 5.42 2.68 1.34 9.44 9.00 8.10 8.00 11107 2.17 0.11 1.53 3.81 3.39 9.83 2.31 3.97 16.11 11.00 12.14 10.00 10837 0.82 '6". 02 0.05 0.94 1.83 1.65 8.79 2.73 0.24 11.76 11.00 11.52 10.00 11004 2.53 0.02 0.53 0.84 3.92 4.12 7.41 2.58 4.16 14.15 9.00 9.99 8.00 11002 0.48 0.42 0.66 1.14 2.70 3.29 7.35 4.89 3.30 15.54 11.00 12.24 10.00 11007 0.77 1.81 0.52 0.82 3.92 4.10 5.37 3.26 0.61 9.24 9.00 8.63 8.00 10680 1.22 0.22 1.06 0.97 3.47 3.29 6.02 4.39 2.32 12.73 11.00 10.41 10.00 106"f9 1.16 0.04 0.93 2.15 4.28 4.13 1.67 1.60 0.31 3.58 3.00 3.27 3.00 10662 - 162 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETIN 209. VI. MISCELLANEOUS FERTILIZERS AND WASTE PRODUCTS. SHEEP MANURE. 11126. Sheep Manure. Sold by Armour Fertilizer Works, Chrome, N. J. Stock of Chas. Templeton, Waterbury. 11217. Sheep Manure. Sold by Armour Fertilizer Works, Chrome, N. J. Stock of Quality Seed Store, Stamford. 10735. Magic Brand Ground Sheep Manure. Sold by Chicago Feed & Fertihzer Co., Chicago, 111. Stock of F. S. Piatt Co., New Haven. 11363. Sheep Manure. Sold by Mid-West Potash Co., Omaha, .Neb. Sampled and sent by S. D. Woodruff & Sons, Orange. 10817. "Sheeps Head" Pulverized Sheep Manure. Sold by Natural Guano Co., Aurora, 111. Stock of F. S. Bidwell & Co., Windsor Locks. 11278. Wizard Brand. Sold by F. S. Piatt Co., New Haven. Sampled and sent by J. W. Anderson, West Haven. 10206. Wizard Brand. Sold by Pulverized Manure Co., Chica- go, 111. Stock of F. S. Piatt Co., New Haven. 11350. Sheep Manure. Sold by E. J. Weckbach, Denver, Col. Sampled and sent by S. D. Woodruff & Sons, Orange. 11189. Sheep Manure. Brand unknown. Sampled and sent by Mrs. L. P. Wheeler, Westville. 10726. Sheep Manure. Brand unknown. Sampled and sent by M. H. Pratt, Hartford. 11126, from the Armour Fertilizer Works, failed to meet its guaranty in potash while the amounts of nitrogen and phosphoric acid considerably overran the guaranteed percentages. At the request of the Armour Works a second sample was drawn from a different lot, 11217, which fully met the guaranty. Sheep manure cannot be expected to have a very uniform composition. Thus, in the 35 samples tested here in the last seven years, nitrogen has ranged from 1.0 per cent, to 2.74, phosphoric acid from 0.83 to 2.99, and water-soluble potash from 0.74 to 4.39 per cent. The average of all these analyses is Nitrogen ■ 2.09 Phosphoric acid 1 . 77 Water-soluble potash 2 . 43 SHEEP MANUKE. Analyses of Sheep Manure. 163 Station No 11126 11217 10735 11363 10817 11278 10206 11350 11189 10726 Per cent, of Nitrogen as nitrates " as ammonia 0.56 0.36 1.30 2.22 1.65 0.45 1.55 0.49 2.49 1.00 1.97 3.25 0.30 $50.00 0.09 0.01 1.45 1.55 1.65 0.04 1.19 0.14 1.37 1.00 3.54 3.25 1.24 56.00 0.22 0.07 1.29 1.58 1.85 0.09 0.67 0.14 0.90 1.50 3.24 1.25 1.75 39.00 0.10 0.10 1.84 2.04 1.80 0.38 1.68 0.10 2.16 * 2.00 1.00 0.64 40.00 '2!56 0.30 2.14 2.44 2.25 1.25 0.37 0.20 1.82 1.25 2.07 1.50 0.58 45.00 'i!92 " as organic " total found " total guaranteed. . Phosphoric acid, water- soluble 1.36 2.20 1.95 Phosphoric acid, citrate- soluble ^hosphoric acid, citrate- insoluble 'hosphoric acid total found. " " total guar- anteed 2.84 2.66 iVater-soluble potash found . " guaran- teed 1.36 Chlorine ]Iost per ton Guaranty 1 per cent, "available." 11363 and 11350, sent by S. D. Woodruff & Sons, and 10726, sent by M. H. Pratt, Hartford, contain 41.62, 69.59 and 46.43 per cent, of mineral matter, sand and soil, respectively. Obviously, such stuff is unfit for transportation from the West to Connecticut. While sheep manure may be used in some cases in place of horse manure, in greenhouse work and on small lawns, it cannot profit- ably be used in farm practice, at any such prices as are charged at present. RABBIT MANURE. 11359. Rabbit Manure. Sent by P. B. Burnett, Falls Village. It contained 1.02 per cent, of nitrogen in ammonia, 2.68 per cent, total nitrogen, 0.90 per cent, phosphoric acid and 1.11 per cent, of potash. BAT GUANO. 11450 and 11451. Bat guano from the bat caves, Isle of Pines, sent by Kopf Bros., New Haven. Analyses were as follows: 164 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETIN 209. 11450 11451 Moisture 5 . 14 2 . 66 Ash 22.98 14.94 Organic and volatile 71 . 88 82 . 40 Total nitrogen 0.76 0.14 Phosphoric acid 8 . 88 4 . 64 Potash 1.42 0.00 ASHES. Twenty-one samples of wood or other ashes have been analyzed and are included in table, page 165. 9699 is ashes from brass works sent to determine their agricul- tural value. 9750 is ashes from witch hazel brush which had been extracted in a witch hazel factory and then burned under the boilers. 9749 and 11356 are from the same factory, but are mixtures of wood and coal ashes. 11199 and 10595 were sent to determine their quality, before purchase. 10678 and 10677 probably do not represent material offered for sale but were sent with inquiry as to their value. Only the following samples were drawn by the sampling agent of the Station— 11139, 11054, 9750, 9749, 10615, 10861, 10897. Of these only three, 9750, 10615 and 10897, can be classed as wood ashes of fair quality. A number of samples sent by indi- viduals are also of good quality. If we reckon lime as worth 50 cents per 100 lbs. and phosphoric acid at 6 cents, the water-soluble potash in 1G861 cost about 35.6 cents per pound which at present potash quotations is not ex- traordinarily high. LIME AND LIME-KILN ASHES. 9707. Slaked hme. Sold by the New England Lime Co., East Canaan. Sent by B. G. Southwick, Storrs. 11293. Lime. Sent by A. L, Chamberlain, New Haven. 9705 and 9706. Lime Kiln Ashes made by the New England Lime Co., East Canaan. Sent by B. G. Southwick. 9707 11293 9705 9706 Water-soluble potash 0.45 1 .42 Lime 32.48 33.41 34.58 28.82 Magnesia 16.75 15.57 7.54 8.43 ASHES. 165 •uo^ jod ^soQ •ppv oijoqdsoqj auii^ •qsB:).od O O o o •(pn'BS) piOB nt a^qti|6snj ■la^-ej^ •oj^ noi^B^g '^OOCIOOiMC^KMOlMOOtMT-H- r-lT-HCJii-I^OOCDOOOTfl-^T-ICDOOtriiMcD o o Sec 'a a ^3 . ^ MO w o x' 73 --^W !=1 P! 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