Business Library CLASS- BOOK- DOC. MOM OFFICE OF NATIONAL RECOVERY ADMINISTRATION DIVISION OF REVIEW AN ANALYSIS OF THE PRA CENSUS By Max Sasuly WORK MATERIALS NO. 83 STATISTICS SECTION MARCH, 1936 0854 OFFICE OS NATIONAL RECOVERY ADMINISTRATION DIVISION OF REVIEW AN ANALYSIS OF THE PRA CENSUS By Max Sasuly STATISTICS SECTICN MARCH, 1936 - 3 BOUND By W. p. a. HAft 2 •"■ FOHEffOHD This "Analysis of the PRA Census" was prepared by Mr. Max Sasuly. In essence, the report is a tabulation of the results of the PRA Census which yielded two spot records on employment and payrolls. The report has interest for several reasons: First, the analysis throws light upon the degree of success of the voluntary effort at recovery urged ~oy the President. Such analysis is not derivable in as clear form from any other existing census procedure It is true, of course, that auxiliary analysis of price and man-hour trends is highly desirable. Second, the analysis provides a unique example of an inexpensive, prompt densus comprehending all industry — non-manufacturing and manu- facturing. The analysis exhibits the most comprehensive pattern extant on employment and payroll income by regions and industries. Third, a fruitful approach is indicated to exhibit the patterns of variation of employment and payroll income by size of establish- ment. At the back of this report will be found a brief statement of the studies undertaken by the Division of Review. L. C. Marshall Director, Division of Review March 23, 1936 0854 -I- CCETEHTS Introductory summary 1 I . Summary of Tabulated a nd Cnarted Results Section I - Development of PEA Census Project Industry group and sub-group classification 3 Special tabulation by the Census Bureau 4 Early use of tabulated results 4 Extended analysis by N2A 5 Section II - Summary of results Validity of employment increase under PRA 7 Variations and PEA increases of employment and payrolls.. 10 Employment-payroll variations by size of establishment... 16 Economic implications of PRA employment increase 19 I I . Detailed Analysis of Data Section I - Reliability of PEA Census Comparable results for manufacturing industries, Chart 3. 21 Comparable results for all industries, "oy states, PPA and BLS 26 'Weekly income per worker, all industries, Chart 6. 26 All-industry employment changes, by states, Chart 7 28 Relation of PPA changes to seasonal fluctations, Char t s 4 and 5 30 Section II - Distribution of Employment by Industries and Regions Distribution by industries, Charts 8 and 9 30 Distribution in a sample state-group 36 Industry distribution in PEA and Census of Occupation.... 38 Extended basis for estimate of PRA employment 38 Distribution by geographic regions, Charts 10 and 11 39 Section III - Variations in Pay, Employment, and Changes, by Industry Croups Variations in employment and PRA changes, summary, Chart 2 44 Variations by regions, all industry groups, Charts 12 and 13 1. 46 Variation of PRA employment increase by primary industry groups, Charts 14 50 Section IV - Variations by Size of Establishment PRA Census all-industry 3- state sample, Charts 15 and 16. 50 Census of Manufactures data, 7-state sample, Charts 17.... 60 Section V - Economic Implications of PRA. Employment In- crease 60 Section VI - Possible Further Analysis of Data 76 -li- 9854 CONTENTS (continued) III. Appendixes - Derailed Data Tab les A ppendix I Table XII. By-size variations in Census of Manufacturoo •• Oliio Table XIII. P3A data summary by primary industries Table XIV. P3A data regional summaries by industry groups Appe ndix II Exhibit A. Extract from E3A Insignia Section history Exhibit B. Copy of memo S.I.Posncr to Lt. Johnston 9/16/33 Exhibit C. Copy of memo S.I.Posncr to Ptobt. It. Straus 9/25/33 Exhibit D. Code of Industry Classification for PHA -111- 9854 LIST OF TABLES TABLE Page 1. I PRA Summary of Major Results - Co aparison with Census, EES 8 2. II PRA Summary by Major Industry Croups - U. S. Totals 11 3. Ill PRA Summary by States and Hegions 12 4. IV Check of PRA by Census of Manufactures - 16 Croups 22 5. V-A Census of Manufactures - Estimate of Total Employment , June , 1933 23 6. V-B Census of Manufactures - Computation of Average Weekly Pay 24 7. VI BLS Sample Employment, Indexes, Changes - 16 Mfg. Industries 25 8. VII Census Seasonal Trend of Employment, Man-hours, Hours 31 9. VIII BLS Trend of Manufacturing Employment, 1929-35 32 10. IX PRA Distribution by Regions and Industry Groups - Establishments 33 11. X' PRA Distribution ^y Regions and Industry Groups - Employment 34 12. XI PRA Variation oy Regions and Industry Groups - Weekly Income 47 13. XII Census - Variation of Employment, Ohio, by Size of Industry (4 sheets) 94 14. XII-A Census - Variations of Employment "ay size - Massachusetts 69 15. XII-3 Census - Variations of Employment by size - Pennsylvania 70 16. XII-C Census - Variations of Employment by size - Ohio 71 17. XII-D Census - Variations of Employment by size - North Carol ina 72 18. XII-E Census - Variations of Employment by size - Missouri 73 19. XII-E Census - Variations of Employment by size - Texas 74 20. XII-G Census - Variations of Employment by size - California 75 -IV- 9854 LIST OS 1 TABLES (continued) TABLE p as? 21. XIII PRA Tabulation by Industries and Groups - U. S. Totals (5 Sheets) 98 22. XIV-A PRA Regional Summaries by Industry Grouos /Jew England 103 23. XIV-B PRA Regional Summaries by Industry Groups Mid-Atlantic , 10 A 2A . XIV-C PRA Regional Summaries by Industry Groups East N. Central 105 25. XIV-D PRA Regional Summaries by Industry Groups West N. Central 106 26. XIV-E PRA Regional Summaries by Industry Groups South Atlantic 107 27. XIV-E PRA Regional Summaries by Industry Groups East 3. Central 103 28. XIV-G PRA Regional Summaries by Industry Groups West S. Central 109 29. XIV-E FRA Regional Summaries by Industry Groups Mountain 110 30. XIV- 1 PRA Regional Summaries by Industry Groups Pacific Ill _v~ 9854 LIST 01 (SEA IT 5 GIAiT 1 . 1 Principal Census Geographic Regions 9 2. PRA Employment Census, U. 3. Totals by- Industry Groups 13 3 4. 4 5. 5 6. 6 7. 7 8. 8 9. 9 10. 10- A 11. 10-B 12. 11-A 13. 11-2 Co lparison of PRA Returns with. 3LS and Census - Manufacturing 14 Seasonal Trend of Manufacturing Employment - Census Years 15 Trend of Employment - 3L3 Manufacturing In- dustries ?0 Weekly Income per Worker - All Industry - BLS, PRA 27 June-October Change - Employment, Payrolls - by States 29 PRA U. 3. Totals - Distribution of Establish- ments, Employment , Payroll s 35 P?A Representative 7- State Sarirole Distributions.... 37 PRA Distribution by Regions - Establishments - ITon-Manuf ac taring 40 PRA Distribution by Regions - Establishments - Manufacturing 41 11-A PRA Distribution by Regions - Employment - Non— Manufacturing 42 PRA Distribution by Regions - Employment - Manufacturing 43 14. 12 PRA Employment Change - by Regions 43 15. 13 PRA Weekly Pay - by Regions 49 16. 14- A PRA June- Oct. Change - Non-manufacturing 51 17. 14-B PRA June-Oct. Change - Non-durable Manufacturing. . . 52 18. 14-C PRA June-Oct. Change - Durable Manufacturing 53 19. 15 V riation by Size of Establishment - PRA Em- ployment, Payroll - 3 states 55 20. 16- A PRA, 3-states, Variations by Size of Establish- ment -Pood Pro lucts 56 -VI- 98 54 LIST :<-■ C AETS (contin C ART 21. 16-3 PEA, 3-states, Variations by Size of Establi3h- ents - Da >artment Store? 57 22. 16-C PHA, 3-states, Variations by Size of Establish- ments - Co tton Goods 53 23. 16-D PBA, 3-states, Variations by Siir.e of Establish- ments - Leather Products 59 24. 17-C Census cf Manufactures, Variations by Size of Establishments - 7-State Composite 61 17-1 Census of Manufactures, Variations by Size of Establishments - Massachusetts 62 26. 17-11 Census of Manufactures - Variations ay Size of Establishments - Pennsylvania 63 27. 17-1 II Census of Manufactures - Variations by Size of Establishments - Ohio 64 ~3. 17-IV Census of Manufactures - Variations by Size of 3 it iblishments - North Carol ina 65 29. 17-V Census of Manufactures - Variations by Size of Es tabl i s~ iment s - Mi s souri 66 30. 17-VI Census of Manufactures - Variation 9 by Size of Establishment 3 - Texas 67 31. 17-VII Census of Manufactures - Variations by Size of Establisliments - California 68 32. 18. Census Employ:aent , Man-hours, Hours per leek - 1933 77 33. 19. Trend of Weekly Hours 1934-35, 3LS Sample 78 -vi 1- 9854 ~1~ a:: analysis of t ":e pra census op employment Significance of Results for 1TRA Policy The "Post- Card" Census taken in connection with trie President':"; Reemployment Agreement (PRA) of August, 1933, was design. .a to determine the off ectiveness of this measure in promoting industrial recovery. (*) The simple questionnaire card, shown below, was distributod shortly afterward by the mail carrier every place where persons were em- ployed on his route. (**) Essentially the inquiry related to the number employed and ti e amount of the payroll during the pay period ending nearest to June 17 aril October 14, 1932. The present report is an analysis of the significance for '."RA of the returns from this questionnaire card. While the PRA Census thus gives only two spot records of employ- ment and payrolls, its results throw light on a number of fundamental elements and problems of NRA. First, they supply fairly conclusive proof of the effectiveness as a recovery measure of PRA in its voluntary phases. Second, they supply bench-mark data, which are practically un- available elsewhere concerning employment and purchasing power, the oasic elements in the task undertaken by LIRA in 1933. Third, the results (*) See ERA Bulletins 2-6, August- September 1933, in particular, the following reports prepared in the : T RA Organization Studies Section of the Division of Review: history of the President's Reemployment Agreement by II. Conrad Hoover, history of the Insignia Division by W. M. Duvall. (**) Per the mechanics of t-ie distribute n of the questionnaire through the Post Office, and District Offices of the Department of Commerce, see Appendix II. 9854 -P B u w o w u >> o o •p •H J- 0$ o OS P W H < a, w CD < Q w OS >— P a w OS s H CO O O w -i a* o w w OS w a a o -< Ch 03 W a H o « o H u < O ui £ OS p o l-J > z H co E OS O H CO OS O H a OS 5 ° u- a 2 h a m p a os ca < p OS Q -j o a CO CO a oj 5? 5 e ■o ■a •v ■a as m oj "3 I , ■a fl3 •3 * a. v 3 *■" o£ S3 — "- A bfi — a a S g 3 .5 .5-c fie, a » Bfij * , o3 O 41 ag 1 •a a « o °< w « 0) • • J 1- i> t» 15 * * o) o © B "** 4) - e 4) — E s O B CO "' CO ^ 2 * S3 Q0 03 <-* e<3 a J3 — © -^5 • 3 Oi DJ 03 5 & B o I — Ija o -Do 5 H 03 P S o { ~ ►.5-5 £ tt 2 £ H © 5T S "O h as £ E < K ui Q U Ik u X H U.Q O UI «n i/) O Ul J ui o >■«/> 35 5 oa ui -i z J Si gS >C -i Z_l o< 3 Ul Q > < K K O o. Ul OS QDC/l disclose t o strtkin, technical possibilities of a miniature census, unusually simple and inexpensive, that can tu i] / hhi • iable data basic to problems such as were faced by i". IA, and still ;iress for solution. I Summa ry of Tabulat ed and Charted Results The analysis of the PRA. data here presented wa3 made in the spring of 1934 and the fall of 1955. It? essence is embodied in the accompanying charts and the supporting data. These are given in the tables of Appendix I. The principal tobies are based on the returns from the questionnaire cards as classified and tabulated by the Census 3ureau (*) for N3A.. Section I - Development of PRA Census Project Industry group a nd su b-gr ou p classification . The primary industries probably numbering several thousand items are usually grouped into a smaller number of fundamental groups, some 500 in the case of the manu- facturing industries covered by the Census. Most of the latter indus- tries .are canvassed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics and classified in some 90 primary groups. Census summarizes the returns for the primary groups in 16 major classes. These major classes are also used essentially by BLS. In the classification pattern used for PRA., all industries are grouped into a total of 167 primary classes (to fit a 3-digit code), (*) Tlie entire work of receiving the returned questionnaire cards, classifying, punching, machine and hand tabulation of the returns was done with notable di spate}), by the Special Tabulation Section of the Census Bureau. The entire job was completed in about 5 weeks. The working force numbered some 250 at its peak. The cost of the tabulation work proper was about $37,000.00. 9854 _4— conforming to the established Census and 3LS groupings. The non- manufacturing industries are grouped primarily in the classification of tne last censuses (1930) of distribution and occupations. The manu- facturing industries are grouped in the IS census classes with sub- groups corresponding with, the 90-industry grouping of BLS. Speci al tabula t ion by the Census Bureau . The special classification used was arranged by consultation with the Census Bureau, BIS, and other Government agencies. The classes, and the comprised industries, are given in Appendix II. Most of the data on the questionnaire card' could be tabulated directly, however, a special adjustment had to be made for the different lengths of the pay period indicated in the re- turns. For the monthly pay period the pa/roll was divided ^y 4.34, for a half month period it was divided ^y 2.17, to give the equivalent weekly pay. Some 900,000 questionnaire cards were returned. Of these a number could not be used, because, they were illegible, also those re- porting no employment for either June or October were rejected. The 643,000 returned cards that were usable were tabulated by the Census Bureau in the primary 167 industry groups, giving a record of the re- porting establishments, employment, and the adjusted weekly payroll for each state and for all cities over 250,000. In a supplementary tabu- lation a breakdown of the employment data was made by size of establish- ment for Massachusetts, Ohio, and horth Carolina, three states consider- ed representative of the principal economic 'regions. Early use of, tabulated results . Tiie main tabulation by states, completed in 'December, 1933, was the oasis of the rough estimate of 9834 -o- PRA reemployment released soon there* fter by NBA.. !Ehe Jane-October increase in employment reported by t- e PRA, returns Tor the entire country was assumed to represent a coverage of 80$. This value, derived by a crude extrapolation from an estimate of total employment suggested by 3LS, is too high. A closer estimate of the coverage is suggested below based on a separate consideration of the principal employment groups in relation to the corresponding groups of the gain- fully employable, (see page 17 and Table I.). GJhe supplementary tabulation giving a breakdown by size of establishment for the three selected states became available in February, 1934. It served as a basis for the first statistical study by NHA of the variation? of employment conditions by size of enter- prise - effected, presumably by P?A or the codes. (*) E xtended analysis by 72 k. In the subsequent work hy 72k, here presented, the data tabulated by Census for individual states were summarized by primary industries and by major groups for the entire country, and for the nine Census geographic divisions. Comparisons were made of the repcrted F2k employment and payroll changes with the corresponding changes shown by the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the 1933 Census of Manufactures. (*) A comprehensive analytic tabulation of the by-size varia- tions of employment and payroll changes for these three states was made Vy Liax Sasuly with the aid of Smily C. Pixley, Clement "Jinston, and others during February- March, 1934. A detailed discussion of the results is given in a report by Spurgeon Bell, June, 1934, avail- able in the files of IOA. 9854 ~6~ This analysis supplies measures of significant economic changes, for which other sources afforded only meager information. BLS covered- in 1933 only some 60,000 establishments for all industries. Census reports payrolls only as yearly totals. The PRA analysis alone supplies measures of payroll change over the interval studied; weekly income in both periods; change in weekly income - all for a fairly complete all-industry representation. These dynamic spot indications of employment and purchasing power can also be derived for identical- firm industries grouped by size of establishment for other states than the three selected. An analysis of similar scope was also made for a seven- state composite, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Ohio, North Carolina, Missouri, Texas, and California. This' composite is a fair representative sample for the entire country with respect to the proportions of employment and payrolls' and their variations, in the major industry groups. For some individual industries, however, this state-group does not afford adequate representation.' Significant comparisons were made of tiie employment and es- tablishment coverage by PRA and BLS for the 90 manufacturing industry groups of BLS-CENSUS. Particularly significant are the comparisons between PEA, BLS, and Census as regards the indicated June-October change in employment and payrolls, the latter lacking in Census. The PRA. anal- ysis made available for the first time a measure of the range of varia- bility of movements indicated by samples like BLS or PRA when inter- compared. 9854 -7- Section II - Su; mary of result Validity of em uo./.iu-.t iuc-; op-»e under P. -{A. Doubt has been raised in sundry critical ^quarters regarding the validity of the remarkable June-Octob< r increases in employment. The present analysis shews quite conclusively that the PRA returns are adequately checked by BLS and by the Census of Manufactures reporting for comparable industry groups and regions as shown by Charts 3 and 7. The weekly income per worker shown by PRA, BLS, and Census (for June) are: PHA, $.9.95; BLS, $17.99; Census, £.8,65. This is a reasonable agreement considering the difference in the type of coverage and the data reported. PRA includes in payrolls wages and salaries; BLS includes only wages; for Census only yearly average values are obtainable of a composite wages- salaries weekly pay. These were estimated by a special computation for the principal groups and for All Manufacturing. While the differences for weekly pay shown by Charts 3 and 6 between PHA, Census and BLS are moderate, somewhat wider ranges of vari- ation are found for the June-October changes in payrolls and employment. The magnitude of these differences is seen on Chart 3 for the principal manufacturing groups as between PEA and Census. The corresponding dis- crepancies between PRA and BLS are shown en Chart 7 for the changes by individual states, however, the average change for All Manufacturing shown at the top of Chart 3 is slight, considering the difference in character of coverage between PRA and BLS-Census. The weighted average for All Industry shown at the bottom of Chart 7 for the entire United States 9854 8 TABLE 1 PRA JUXt-OCTOBSg, 19J) CXirSUS - SUMMARr 0» RESULTS 1/ With Couiparteon Occupation - Esiployaent Data 1930 C.lnfully Inployahle - by Occupations £/ PRA Data 37 1933 Ceneue of Uanufaoture. Hi December 1935 Agrlf tilturo Habile Forestry public S.-rvlco Pi jfeuolo'ial Minerals Transport. Trade Service Clerical Uanufactr. Uochanlcal Deporting Eitablleh- dents tmploysient June weekly Pay Per Worksr Reporting EstablLh- nents June face tamers ■08MUO Division June k/ p«rc«ntae* Incroaa* Junt-October Reporting btabl lab- Mat! BS nfc. Hon- Hffr Mf 6 . Hon- itfs- lift- Hon- nf«. Hon- HIf. Ki- 1 (COO) 2 (000) 3 (000) n (000) 5 (000) 6 (000) 7 (000) 8 (000) 9 10 11 12 13 (000) 1U (000) 15 (000) lt (000) OTAL IffllTH) STATES 10.7*3 >».110 19.887 lU.110 552 87 5.500 5.075 12.7). 18.6* $23.89 $19-98 lUl.S 5.970 86.7 23.3 IORTH >t, 016 2,631 12,538 10,065 359 63 3.3t9 3.761 11.2 18.5 2"t-75 21.01 102. U "t.398 62.2 16.7 OUIH 5.6* 950 >t, 819 2,558 no 13 592 772 18.8 1U.6 18.82 13.69 2UA 1.227 15.6 4.3 •KSI 1.023 5?9 2.230 1,187 66 9 528 256 16.2 29.3 *.n 21.6>4 15.0 3H5 8-9 2.3 BOB Kew England 235 329 1,388 1A79 ■tj 9 392 671 10.3* 17.U* $2U.05 $18.95 lh.O 789 11.6 3-1 I Kid-Atlantic 596 1.035 5.35 1 * 3.973 130 27 l.WtO 1.512 9.5 16.9 27.66 21.77 U3.9 1.705 29-1 5.0 II Sul Korth Central l.>»77 *37 U.igU 3.611 117 20 1.089 1.335 12.3 21.7 22.72 21.35 32-3 1.586 l?-3 6.6 7 Sett Korth Central 1.708 l»29 1,912 1.003 65 7 U29 2U3 15.* 13.5 20.75 20.05 12.2 319 9.2 2.0 SOOTH T South Atlantic 2,021 UA5 2,126 1.H6U V* 6 399 U93 17.0 1U.1 18.82 13-35 12.6 776 8.4 2.6 2ast South Central 1.805 193 1,106 633 23 3 192 167 19.0 U.5 16. 1U 12. SU M 26U 3.8 • 9 I feet South Central 1.558 JJi 1.587 762 "*3 U 301 112 21.2 21.6 20.52 lb.Wt 6.9 187 3." .8 •SST I mountain Vt2 130 56s 255 1U 1 alt 18 18.8 31-5 20.31 21.60 2.9 56 4.1 •5 Pacific 581 399 1.662 932 52 8 "»J3 237 15-7 29-1 25-6U 21.64 12.1 289 4.3 1.5 total. 1^.317. The total, for the region. In colu-r 5. 6, 7 and 8 are so»e,hat less than the correspond^ values for 0. S. TOTALS because the latter cose.rl.es also the data for the BB^l^X^lZ^^^X^^Z e^eTcoler Sl£ =S^ WiSAS ^^Xf U.S.A. Division of Review «S:JUJI aarch, 1936 9854 -10- shows a still smaller discrepancy; the • reement between PRA and 31, S )iere is complete within a few percent. The sharpness of the employment incres se for the PRA period is greater than the change for any like interval since l'J29. As is shown in Chart 13, t is is tie case for practically each BLS industry group. Very little of this increase can be ascribed to seasonal swing. For the All Manufacturing composite of Census the percentage June-October changes for recent Census years are, as shown on Chart 4: 1925, 5.4$; 1929 3.0&J 1931 -2.8$; 1933 15.7 L Variations an J. PRA increases of employment an d pa y rolls. The vari- ation of establishments (enterprises) from region to region and by in- dustry grouos is sharply revealed in the charts 2-3 and tables I— II I . The regional distribution of the various major industry groups can serve as a basis for economical analysis of Census results, when it is desired to study only the dominant industries of particular regions. The varia- tions of weekly pay oy regions can serve a similar purpose. Characteristic variations of compliance with the President's Reemployment Agreement may be noted for the larger industry group by Charts 2 and 12, for the primary industry group by Caarts 14-A - 14-C. as checked by the 1930 Census of Occupations data it appears that manu- facturing industries returned a considerably larger coverage than non- manufacturing industries, 75^ against perhaps 30 j. Likewise manufactur- ing industries v:ere more able, or willing, to increase employment and payrolls than the distribution and service industries. Thus the June-October 9854 11 TABLE II PRa CUSU3 . SUUUKT TaBUlellO* BT CIDUSTBT 0R0UP8 \J Re-portlng Istebllsbmants. employment. Payrolls June - Ootober, 1933 - "' S. T0T1LS Iata-ll.b»er.t. employment Weekly Payroll Weekly Income Per Worker Par Cant of Total Sunber Report- ing Jan. October Per Cant Change June October Per Cent Change June Par Cant of Total fasseU Vuober Per Cant of Total Amount amount October 1X1 Industries 100.00 61»3,o66 100.00 10,867.024 12.564,843 15.6 100.00 $238,457,075 $282,615,898 18. 5 $21.94 $22.49 KuuuiuTAcmEiia 85-79 55L752 50.60 5,499,804 6.197.175 12.7 55.10 131.398.786 151,500,088 15-3 23.69 24.45 A. Agriculture (olnor) .67 4. 30s • 50 5^.395 59.676 9-7 •54 1.283.877 1,418,058 10.5 23.60 23.76 .69 •-•m 3.47 376.112 456.216 21.1 2.99 7.141.871 9.661.227 35.3 18.99 a. 18 I. Coal II. Otter Mineral! .28 .1.1 1.773 2,662 2.12 1.35 229.522 146,590 274,248 181,974 19-5 24.1 1-51 1.48 3.599.284 3.542,589 5.302.377 "•.358,850 47-3 23.0 15.68 24.17 19-33 23-95 0* Construction 2.76 17.737 1-93 209.390 238,804 14.0 1.84 4,385.983 5,387,288 22.8 20. 95 22.56 I. Public Otllltlss 2,91 18.874 Sa3S 1.016.445 1.102.141 8.4 11.11 26.493.704 22.705.097 8.1 26.07 .. 26,04 I* Transportation, ate. II. Other Public Utilities 1.82 1.11 11. 749 7.125 2.92 6.43 317.141 699,304 368,421 733.722 1E.1 4.9 3-13 7-98 7,460.493 19,027, 211 8,810,297 19,894,800 18.0 4.6 23.54 27. a 23-91 27.11 I. Bletrlbutlon 53.28 342.611 21.95 2.385.738 2.766.130 15.9 22.29 53. 145.255 63. 777. '17 20.0 22.28 23.06 I. fboleaala II. S.teil 7.83 45.45 50,336 5-85 16.10 635.757 1.749.981 724,169 2.041.961 13.9 16.7 7-71 14.58 18,374,900 34.770.355 21,100,356 42.676.961 14.8 22.7 28.90 19.87 29-14 20.90 a- roods, Drugs, ate. o. Dry goods, ate. e. Othar retail 17-79 8.58 19.08 114.377 55,180 122,718 3.94 6-35 5. 81 428,644 689.560 S3L777 499,419 810,602 731.940 16.5 17.6 15.9 3.39 4.66 6-53 8,080,872 11,126,048 15.563.435 9,764,660 13.854.049 19,058,252 20.8 24.5 22.5 18.85 16.13 24.6j 19-55 I. Samoa 19.17 12V 108 8.19 890.078 984.238 10.6 7.72 18.423.805 21.056.105 14.3 20.70 a. 19 I. Domestic II* Amueemente III. Professional IT. Business 11.06 .87 4.23 3.01 71.099 5,610 27,238 19.361 ...to -55 1.11 499.301 59.897 150,024 180,856 554.196 76,759 159,14? 194.134 11.0 28.2 6.1 7.3 3.04 •85 1.70 2-13 7.26O.99I 2,034,649 4,047,459 5,080,706 8.521.997 2,711.782 4,310,689 5.511,637 17.4 8-5 17.07 33-97 26.98 28.09 15.38 35-33 27.09 28-39 II. 1 - .11 4 III •) IT 8.11 52,209 3-59 390.777 430,042 10.0 4.68 11,162, 814 12,534,108 12.3 28.57 29.15 (taiffl 40.479 S.22 567.646 589.968 3.9 8. 61 20. 524.289 21. 494. 996 4.7 16.16 16.41 I. Banking, stc, II. Insurance, Brokerage 5.06 7.939 32,5-10 1-35 3-87 146,936 420,710 153.062 436,906 4.2 3-8 2.12 6.49 5.061,331 15.462,958 5,248,086 16,246,910 3.7 5.1 3V.S5 36.75 34.29 37.19 H. lUHOPACTURIIG 13-58 87.298 46.71 5.075.483 6,017,102 18.6 42-53 101,408,025 124, 169,064 22.4 19.9s 20.64 I. Poods 2.68 17,253 5-71 620,642 777.733 25-3 5.64 13.457.459 16,069,016 19.4 21.68 20.66 II. Textiles 1.87 12.041 11.36 1.234.465 1. 355. 186 9.8 7.42 17.690.744 22.879.088 28.9 14. n 16.88 a- Jppaxel b. Other textiles 1.03 .84 5.387 4.70 6.66 510.380 724,085 557.994 797.392 9-3 10.1 3.05 4.37 7.261,017 10,429,727 10,181,935 12.695.153 14.0 21-7 14.23 14.40 18.25 15.92 III. yoreet Products 1.20 7.698 3.O8 335,096 405,069 20.9 2.20 5,256,743 6,985.832 32.9 15.69 17-25 IT. Paper Products -29 1.874 1-43 155,014 185,194 19-5 1.34 3,18b., 962 3,756,204 17.9 20.55 20.28 T. Printing-Publishing 2.28 14,640 2-93 318.637 355.610 11.6 3.81 9.073.375 10,140,560 11.8 28.48 28.52 TI-TII. Chemicals .80 5,168 2.70 293,285 354,543 20.9 3-28 7,829,972 8,947,180 14.3 26.70 25.24 Till. Rubber Products .06 388 .62 67.093 80.408 19-8 .65 1,541,224 1.735.913 12.6 22-97 a. 59 IX. Leather Products .3* 2,205 2.15 233.585 251.145 7.5 1-72 4,108,158 4,678,760 13-9 17.59 I8.63 X. Stone. Clay, Olass .62 3,980 1.48 161,074 185,118 14. 9 1.3S 3,278,867 3.791.1^5 15.6 20.36 20.48 XI- Iron and Steel .66 4.220 4.91 511.033 691.188 29.7 4.48 10.693.548 14.640. 424 16.9 20.06 21-15 a. Steel mills b. Other Iron a Steel .08 .58 496 3.724 2.^4 2-35 277.633 255,400 375.940 315,248 35-4 23.4 2-33 2.15 5.556,134 5.137.414 8,l67;032 b. 473. 392 47.0 26.0 20.01 20.12 a. 72 20.53 XII. Hon-ferroru Metals • 57 3.631 1.69 183,467 226,245 23-3 1.65 3.935.660 4,828,766 22.7 a. 45 a.34 II;.. Machinery 1.10 7,086 4-39 476,644 604,004 26.7 4.67 11,125.868 14,058,730 26.4 23.34 23.28 XIT. Transportation Erguip. .20 1,249 2.31 251.435 295.331 17.5 2.64 6,298.206 6,727.409 0.8 25.05 22.78 XT. Rellraod Repair shop - 16 .01 1.353 1,407 4.0 .01 30,514 32.072 5-1 22.55 22-79 XTI. Miscellaneous •91 5.849 I.94 210,660 248,7a 18.1 1.64 3.902.720 4.897.965 25.5 18.53 19.69 Unclassified ill Others gj .04 •59 246 3.770 .07 2.62 7.069 284,668 9,275 341,291 31.2 19.9 .07 2.30 172.940 5.477.324 216,328 6,730,418 25.1 22.9 24.46 19.24 23-32 19-72 Xj Source. Special tabulation for HtA of PtA quasttoanalre returns by Bureau of Census. December 1933- Employment and payroll data srs for the reeks of June 17 and October \h, 1933. £/ ".411 Others" coven data for quest ionnaires which do not clearly Indicate that a breakdown has been made on a proper seaijraphi-al basis; data for establishments operating In two or more States, each as, railroads, steamboats, pipe lines, telephone and telegraph, and power companies; the reports of companies having plants In varioua States for which Individual reports were not submitted but for which a master report was supplied; and data fron returns received for a State after the State had been sent to the Tabulation Section for patching and tabulating. U.S.A. Division of Review US: sua December, 1935 9854 12 TABLE JE m owns - tflEugxoi *r — JI'ITKIH ID PiTlOIiS, fflB, U33 Urlelon ?«d lt»te Jetailltn neat. tenlueMat toeKLTPftTI.il feattT Xaaan Per of Total le port in* f f P«r c tat of *otal •attar Soaker Par aatt Change i» Per eeat - •f total •attar far Par oeat .. *•• . .arts UliSTZD STiTS 100.00 6*3,060 100.00 10,868,004 12,56**.3l|l» 15.6 100.00 ee38.M5s.HU ♦2s2.613.a70 IS. 5 ♦n.jM *a m ■zaaLux Maine leu harapehlre. Vermont Uas achusetta Shod* Ieland Connecticut a. 7i* .So • 57 • 35 I*. 58 • 72 1.57 56,199 3:15 ! 2,258 2?. "31 4,600 10.72* I 10.09 .68 .6* .18 5-H 1.00 2-17 1,096.164 J 1 *. 399 69.302 20,044 5*7.705 108,909 ., 235. 8O5 1.260,189 84,301 77.3*5 22,987 671. 628 126,119 277,809 15.0 13.3 ll.fi 14.7 14.3 15.8 17.8 9.56 5'. MO •90 2.10 a. 797.037 1.J05.6O* i.,068,272 12.88M.e09 2,150,266 5.011,520 26. 9*9. Oil 1,522,928 15.0M0.97c 2.6U.6J5 6,027,971 18.2 lfi.fi 22.1 17.2 16.7 a. 5 20.3 20.80 17.55 15. Ml 18.81 21.5* 19-7* 21.25 21 11 It IS 22 2t a UIELLI AI5-4ITIC 24.41 156.979 27.28 2.9&U.59* 3.360.721 13.U 30.63 73.OM9.165 85.586.3» 17.2 . 24,64 7* New Tork Kew Jtircey Pennsylvania 12.93 3. Ml 8.07 83.158 21.951 51.870 13.49 3.62 10.17 1,466,061 393. *3i 1.105,102 1.657,706 446,235 1,256,780 13-1 13. H 13-7 17.26 4.04 9-33 Ml, ISO, 693 J.6M0.358 22.258, llM M7.135.77S ll.l6M.712 27.285.829 1M.5 15.6 22.6 28.07 24,50 20.14 a 2» 21 SaST NOETH CEHTE4L 21. US 137,728 22.59 2,454.81s 2.883,975 17-5 et.it 53.99O.i35 ».375.03* 19.2 a.» 22 Ohio Indiana Illlnole Michigan THaconsin O.30 2.*3 b.30 3-3 7 2.*5 40.508 " 13,208 40,<&l 21,437 17.03U 6.53 2-37 7.64 4.06 ' 1.98 1 710.017 258,083 830,564 441,273 214,881 834,214 310,991 9A1S7 500,687 243,896 17-5 20.5 19-7 13-5 13.5 6.26 2.04 til 1.84 1M. 925. 599 M.87U.915 19,920,034 9.870.239 *. 399. 3*8 17. 809,925 6.013.177 24,529.568 10,888.345 5.13M.023 19-3 23-3 23.1 10.3 16.7 21.02 18.89 23.98 22.37 20. M7 23 1< 21 a SEST l.'GBTK CEJTiAL 11.23 72,231 6.142 697.855 soo.115 14.7 5-98 14, 267, 178 16,726.957 17.2 20. MM a Minnesota Iowa Ulesouri S. Dakota S. Dakota Nebraska Eanfre 2.43 2.1 -j 3.01 .Ul .1*1* 1.23 1.57 15.599 13,802 19,}48 2,011 2. 23 7.89? 10,092 1-54 1.01 2.47 .11 •15 • 53 .62 166,923 109.335 268,277 12,115 16,636 57.26 :7.303 198.539 125.57" 298.01 15. 180 18. 91 7 36,22 u 77.67a 18. 9 14. 11.1 25-3 13-7 15. b 15. U 1.52 .88 2-31 .10 •15 M •53 3,628,2?5 2.087.833 5.519.218 244,047 357.993 1,156.110 1.273,692 4.35*. 797 2,448,586 6,«i,969 305.39? 401 , 384 1.3*7.987 1,486,833 20.0 17.3 15.6 25.1 12.1 16.6 16.7 21. 7* 19.10 20. 57 20.14 a. 52 20.19 18.92 21 1; 21 X a n i« soma Atlantic 7-95 51.095 S. ji 974,21* ,127,2:2 15-7 6.51 15.531.392 19.544,174 25-8 15.9M r Delaware Maryland Diet. Columbia Virginia t. Virginia H. Carolina S. Carol lea Georgia Florida • 19 1.10 .1*1 1.? .37 1.0b ,62 1.25 1.1M 1,231* l.o-o 2.989 2.197 1.^09. 9*7 2,1(55,-12 2.S16.177 2,422,465 1,034,232 1.919. 801 947. 9«3 390,483 3.M55.6-.-7 1.1*13,772 2, ?06,946 3.39M.o83 3.208.065 1.383.201 2,415,897 1.175.M60 17.2 20.7 7-9 23-9 34.9 32.4 33-7 25.8 24.0 20.93 20.14 25-87 1^.94 17.55 12.47 11.01 14.16 15.45 21 2( 2! lc 3 1. l! ] EAST SOUTH CffiTEal. 3-99 25.070 3-55 38-, 030 447.901 lc.O 2-37 5,^48,418 7,202,930 27-5 14. 03 U Kentuc--? Teaueseeo Alabama Uisilsslppl 1.20 1.19 1.05 • 55 7,707 7.072 6.7*3 3.543 •98 1.19 1.0J i -31 10o,448 129, 3b4 lie, 2-3 33.955 Ic7.9l6 145.031 132.921 42,03 20.2 12.1 14.3 23.8 ■ 77 .61 .62 i -17 1,829,27'* 1.927.34S 1,451,168 410. .28 2.32*. 372 2.342,798 1.953.2> 582,5" 27.1 21.6 U1.9 17.18 14.90 12. 7* 12.09 1: It 1» 1. K5SS SOUTfc CSKT;JJ. 7-39 M7.513 3-97 431,700 520,549 20. 3*7 3,282,290 10, 33b, 912 24. S 19.19 1< Jrkansae Louielana Oklahoma Texas • b7 • 79 1.58 4.3M 4.338 5.073 10.175 27.927 • 32 .72 .70 2. 23 34.991- 73,217 75.906 242,5*1 43,818 91.24- 93,812 291.073 25-2 16.7 23.6 20.2 .21 .55 ■. 65 2. r« CI NT Of TOT*L 19 2( 1 1 1 in 3 } i i i- '1 1 , 1 1 1 1 1 1 i a,7oo 1 7, Too NON-MANUFACTURING MR COTT , MR CIMT ?MMf . ntf i.. tf . nffl l . ffl , l « ' ? ii Mt , lll W i M ' ? l M i ff ll ffl ll f IBU MAX Hi, 00 • 09 49 • 9 7} i ; i iiiiliijilniiliin IhmImi 3 4,#00 22t,100 i4«.«oo 2 09,4 00 317,100 } «31 f B00 499,300 3 90,000 567, .00 J-T Q 1 m 87 M 7» 3 b-FABRICS X7J- PART. TOBACCO PRODS Iff-PAPeR PRODUCTS | 7- PRINTING-PUBLISHING j"""] 7J-YJ -CHEMICALS YJC-RuBBEB PRODUCTS i K-L6ATHER PROOUCTS | * CENT OF TOTAL 10 1 5 2*0 MANUFACTURING, NON-DURABLE GOODS DOLLARS PER cent »en CENT 5 10 15 20 25 30 5 10 IS 20 25 30 S 10 IS 20 25 30 1 1 1 1 T i ' inrirTTin i r r i jt r 1 1 mi t 1 1 1 ! r M M M I'M : I i i ! I r i i i i i i ; 724,10 02,»oo 155.0 00 3i6,i-oo 293.30 «7,ioo ± ^T TZE S T~ T~l IH-FOREST PROOUCTS I-STONE.CLAt, GLASS ] b-o T Ht» iron 4 rrer\ XD- NON-FERROUS XL -MACHINERY ynr -TRANS. equipment I 7,100 1,2 OO iIiiiiUihImhIiiii ! 1 335,100 1 1 277,«oo l/M.< 1 1 1 1 25 5,40 1 103, too 1 476,t00 1 ! i 1 251,400 1 .,.,L,, 5 2 2 5 30 I I I A" el •SOURCE; NRA ANALYSIS (M.S.) OF TABULATION OF PRA QUESTIONNAIRE RETURNS, OECEMBER 1933, Br* BUREAU OF CENSUS! INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION; CENSUS. • •INCLUDES ALSO "UNCLASSIFIED'; PART "MISC ELLANEOUS' * R.R . REPAIR SHOPS! to to Tft 70 WIDTH OF BARS PROPORTIONAL TO JUNE EMPLOYMENT. 9SS4 I OVER SOO.ooo NRA DIVISION OF REVIEW MS, 0EC-, 191ft- 3T«T«T»C» SCCTIOH. NO 471 , ^^3. 14 CHART 3 COMPARISON OF PRA RETURNS WITH BLS AND CENSUS ANALYSIS OF MANUFACTURING EMPLOYMENT, JUNE-OCTOBER, 1933 ALL MANUFACTURING COVERAGE: EMPLOYMENT CENSUS = 100% Cen sus,., /ij .'iVi'Qoo^' ''/^ JUNE WEEKLY INCOME PER WORKER I* * PERCENTAGE INCREASE, JUNE - 0CT03E.R EMPLOYMENT PAYROLL n- TEXTILES (a) APPAREL (FjJ FABRICS, ETC. 22Kfabt)-T0BACC0 PROD'S U- PAPER PRODUCTS Y-PRINTING -PUBLISHING Vl.BI- CHEMICALS SID- RUBBER PRODUCTS IZ-LEATHER PRODUCTS m-FOREST PRODUCTS x-stone,clay, glass XI- 1 RON 1 STEEL (a) STEEL MILLS CtOoTMER IRON ft STEEL ll-NON-FER. METALS W/KQtt X1H-MACHINERY JOY-TRANS. EauiPMENT XS7-R.R. REPAIR SHOPS * SOURCE: B.L.S., CENSUS REPORTS; NRA ANALYSIS. (M.S.) OF TABULATION OF PRA QUESTIONNAIRE RETURNS, DECEMBER 19 3 3, BY BUREAU OF CENSUS. INDUSTRY GROUPING: CENSUS - B.LS. CLASSIFICATION, OMITTING X2L EXCEPT TOBACCO PRODUCTS. WIDTH OF BARS PROPORTIONAL TO CENSUS JUNE EMPLOYMENT. **CENSUS WEEKLY INCOME IS YEARLY AVERAGE COVERING WAGES AND SALARIES; B.LS COVERS WAGES ONLY. * **PRA COVERAGE FOR XS IS 0.6% ; «***GROUPS B7-V COMBINED IN 8. L.S. 9854 NRA DIVISION OF REVIEW M.S., DEC, 1935 Stat.stics Section, no. 482, 15 CHART 4 SEASONAL TREND OF MANUFACTURING EMPLOYMENT SELECTED CENSUS YEARS UNIT: 1,000,000 WAGE EARNERS j F M A M J J A S O N JFMAMJJA S SOURCE: CENSUS OF MANUFACTURES, 1931 , PAGE 45; ROTOPRINT RELEASE MARCH 27,1935. 9854 NRA DIVISION OF REVIEW M.S., DEC, 1935 Statistics Section No. 553 Sj/W- yment Payroll 15*6 > 18.53 12.7 I 3 5.3.3 18. Gi 22. 4< -16- mcreases are: All Industry Non-Manuf ac taring Manufacturing In manufacturing industries >roper ( a comparison of PBA and Census reveals a marked difference in compliance. The June-Gctober change in employment is smaller by Census, for every industry group (except Tobacco), as seen in Chart 3. For All Industries the change is: Census, 14.o-i; P2A, 18,4.3; BLS, 18:9^ Census does not report monthly payrolls, hence only comparison of P11A with BLS is possible. The June-Gctober payroll change is: P3A, 22.3$; BLS, 25. 8 % The greater degree of compliance shown by the industries in the BLS sample appears highly significant. It emphasizes the need for indepen- dent checking of the current employment-payroll movements indicated by the BLS sample. Employment-payroll variations by size of es tab lishment . A special supplementary three fold tabulation summarized the returns, by establishment size groups, for 80 of the principal industries out of the primary 167. These summaries were made for each of the three selected states; for Boston; and for a composite of the five Ohio cities of more than 250,000 population. The establishment groups were ordered in the following interval classes, namely, establishments for which the average number of employees was: 0, 1-5, 6-20, 21-50, 51-100, 101-500, 501-1000, 1001-2500, over 2500, 9854 -1? & I - The range of ciiic of establisSiiaexit makes it somewhat difficult to follow the variation pattern "by ordinary gra hicj I pr seiitation. Hie size patterns may be presented in a si piificant form by adjust in. ; the data to "equal-ratio" size intervals: 0, 1-2, 2-4, 4-8, 3-16, 16-32, 32-64, The analysis by number of •■ . .■veals clearly the marked preponderance of small enterprises among the establishments re- porting in an all-industry census. Some 60.j of all establishments in the three selected state: had five or less employees. On the other hand, only about 8/s of the employment and payroll is concerned with the size group 5 or less employees. The analysis tarew most interesting light on the moot question of whether tie "little" or "bi^ 11 enterprise fared better under PRA and codes. The three-state sample shows clearly that, as regards the employment-payroll increase under PRA., the "little fellow" complied to about the same degree as the "big fellow". A similar analysis by size groups of the 1935 Census data, when they become avail- able, should show by changes in the distribution patterns of Chart 15 what effects may be ascribed to the codes and their passing in 1935. Among ether interesting results of the analysis are the char- acteristic patterns of variation of weekly pay by size of establishment for different states. These characteristic patterns appear also in Census data of different periods (1929,1931,1933) for each state, as shown in Charts 17-1 to 17-VII. Presumably similar characteristics patterns would be found for larger regions and for major industry groups. This is among several 9354 -1 9- other interesting problems su t :, ted by this analysis for future resei rch« Economic I L - tions of ?RA employment inc rease . Th ' u-y of NIRA regardin reera iloyment i iplies adjustments and caanges in Bun&i'y exonomic factors in the fields of finance, prices and production. In some critiques of NHA theory a p riori proff was advanced that these factors would prevent any employment increase. it is of interest accord- ingly to consider tie caanges in man-hours and .rurs per week, two of the variables directly influenced by PIIA employment increases, for which some statistical data are available. At tae request of ITHA, BLS and Census made an analysis of t-.e man-hour returns of 35 Census manufacturing industries in 1933. These cover some 1,600,000 workers (out of 6,000,000 in All Manufacturing) . The analysis of these returns show the interesting trend of man-hours by months during 1033, shown in Chart 18. The general contour ,..f this trend agrees with the steep rise in production noted in current indexes for I.fey and June and the decline after August. If the man-hour trend is assumed tc be adequately representative of All iianuf acturing, it may be related tc the trend of wage earners by months. From this may be derived the corresponding trend m hours per week. The trend of weekly hours can be estimated for the 35 industries orooer by dividing the man-hours per wage earnor given for eaca month by an assumed number of working weeks in eaca month. (see Table VII). The latter trend is shown on Chart 18. A clear indication is given of the increase in employment, for an assumed trend in output, that may be effectuated by a decrease in overage weekly hours. 9854 to CHAJT1 » TREND OF EMPLOYMENT. 1929-1935 B.L.S. MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES MONTHLY hNDEXES. AVERAGE, 1929 - 100 i£LU£ClUii KON-0U*AILC COO OS BumK.! GOODS •U CIHSUS AVtKAOt a WHKU INCOMC PCR WO«K& DOUXtl HOW-OUT illl MMB i-rooos la-APMKCL lb-FASRICS Dlip«-I)--IOBACCO ITT -PAPeP.-PP.INTINC- TB-VI -CHEMICALS IB-RUBSE* PRODUCTS ix-txATWn products MtAlt COOPS m-remtsr products I- STONt.ajW. GCA ss n-SfOH IITKL m- HON-runous iB-fflAM eawPT. ir-muicmm shops WM *M4WCC: |L4 KU-t Tim No SlO, TPEI» V SMPLorHC NT, OK. V4, OtC *)». • • vwnaap mu psopootional to ccksus op b-huwctuio, ju*i «mmMWT l m« Eian NRA division or KCVICW M.S., DCC. IN* snmmw Mcr*», No.f»» £?& -21- II. Detailo d Analy i In this part some expansion in detail will be given of the summary of the analysis result;; presented above. In Section I the reliability of the PRA Census will be discussed. In Section II the distribution of employment will be taken up by industries and regions. In Section ILL the variations in pay -and PRA changes will be considered by industry groups. The variations of employment and payroll changes by size of establishment in the sample studies will be considered in Section IV. In Section V some further consideration if 'ill be given to the economic implications of the PRA. employment increases. Finally, some fruitful further work that, might be done on the PRA data is noted in Section VI. Section I - Reliability of PRA Census The validity of the PRA Census results is fairly well established by check comparison with BLS and Census, in so far as the data arc corn- parable in character and scope. Comparable results for man ufact uri ng indust ries, Chart 3. This chart shows the principal comparable elements in Census, PRA and BLS. Column 1 shows the employment coverage of BLS and PRA, June 1933, using the com- parison base, Census = 100. The data arc given in Tables II, IV and VI. Column 2 gives the weekly income per worker, while columns 3 and 4 show the June-October employment changes by each Census. The supporting data are given in Tables noted, also in V-A and V-B. 9854 22 TABLE 12 aaoi or m cmwat st annus or tuiuncroms 1/ Coaparloo* 0/ lapd-tla, IiWllibMuti ana Ia«a-8alaJ7 taplojnwi». Jun«. October 19}) rRA Caniua HU CoTaraj. Katlo letakllah- Baplojaant ■rtiMlib MOtl BaploTaont I.tabUab- 0)/(U bplojaent ■oto -«* Juna Oo lobar Par Can. ChaD«*a October Per C«ot Change Jane (6)/(12) October (7)/(3) f*r Cant 0/J tetlo fllW(101-100 fetal Maoa* Ulallll (1) lUl.506 i (2) .769.291 (3) 7.7<*S,0O0 N rt.SK (5) 67.298 5.075.U83 (7) 6.017,102 M 18.6* (9) 6l.7* (10) TIM* (U) 77.7* (12) 3.6)1 II. tutUn IT. l»apar Tto4k t» T. ITU t.ln#-l"a»l latin* TI.-TII. Shaaloaaa TIIl.tuMai- Fnancla LI. Laattiar Product. III* Tvrait Froduota Z. SUM, ClaJ, Jlaji XI. Iron-Staal XII. Ikrunu HaaUa XIH.H M hy MI7 XIT. rramaport. Xqalfaarot IT. z. 1. lopalr Shop* 19.Z& 2.697 19.395 7. ! *W UOS 3.265 12.295 U.52S 5.133 U.919 9.713 1.551 1.901 73U.1U3 1,596,272 211,183 393.617 1*02,169 118,107 305.103 U93.920 197. "*56 60U.130 208,31.9 625.3«3 3"5.988 2W..312 Son-Durabl. 1/ 916.05U 2>t.e 17,253 620.6U2 777.733 25.3 1*2.8 1.707.U79 7.0 12,0Ul 1.234,1*65 1.355.386 9.8 62.5 2"t8.bl»7 17.7 1.S7U 155,011* 185,191* 19.5 69.5 1420,261 6.8 IU.6U0 318.637 355,610 11.6 75-5 U80.776 19.6 5.168 293.285 35!t.5>*3 20.9 69.2 1110,671 19.0 388 67.093 80,1*08 19.8 95.1 J21.-U51 5.t 2.205 POTtblO U/ 233.585 251.11*5 7.5 67.5 572.362 15.9 7.69! 335.096 1*05,069 20.9 62.6 218,032 10.lt 3.980 161, 07U 185,118 14.9 87-9 729.329 20.7 U.220 533.033 691,188 29-7 82.2 257.003 23.4 3,631 183,1*67 226,21*5 23-3 73.8 770.713 23.2 7,086 1*76,61*1* 6CU,00U 26.7 73.0 363,280 5.0 1.2U9 251 .H35 295.331 17.5 so. 5 267,765 9-6 16 1.353 1.1*07 U.O 0.8 8U.5 77.3 73-t 81.0 72.9 56.8 76.6 67.8 81.6 88.2 88.1 76.2 72-7 0.6 SU.9 0.5 79.1* 2.7 T*.5 1.5 8U.6 lt.lt 73-7 1.1 57-2 0.7 78.1 2.0 70.8 lt.lt 8U.9 U.O 9W.8 7.5 88.0 - 0.1 7S.U 2-9 8I.3 11.8 0.5 -16.7 XTI. Xlaoallmaona 8,642 • 289.099 S^.^ 15.6 5.8U9 ao,66o 2U8.721 18.1 67.U 72.9 7U.U 2.1 Tabasco V'fotll* SOU 90.786 97.U09 7.3 766 62.8U3 66,71*6 6.2 95-3 ' 69.2 68.5 - 1.0 XJ io*roei" EBA i&alj'tU (M.3.) of Til census results; Caneu* of Manufactures wage - aalary amplayment estimated aa toy Tabid "y-A £/ The excess of October oorerai* oft September cowerage it due to the difference In character between the establishments reporting under FRa and the regular Oeneue of .■tomfao tores. The latter shew a saadar In crease In employment between June and October than PEA or B.L.S. See Table VT or Chart 3 3/ The Ion-Durable aroup In the Bureau of Labor Statistic* claaeiflcation includes also Tobacco Manufactures* . 5/ To oorreepood. with the B*L>8< Durable Oroup XTI, Miscellaneous, oust be excluded. aULaV ClTiiien of Bawls* MI.IxU Awowawjar, 1935 9854 23 TABLE Y-A ilSUlUTH) TOTAL 0CRSU9 Of aAWJFAOTUBIfl BliTOTMtyT i^ for June, Ootober, 1933 I. foodi II. HrtUw IT. P.vt- . Product* T. PrLntiQe-rubUahta* Tl.-TII. Chenlcala Till. Bubber Product* IX. Lot.tbur Ptoductt HI. >'ore »t products X- Stor.c, Clay, Oimi H. Iroo-SteoX XXX. Morforroi.it ileisli! jCIII. Unchinery HT. Traoa*>ort. Eet*u-ea, 1933 Hotoprint Belaase, Jen. 23, Sierch 27,1935 2/- Tne *.'on-IhirEbl e Oro-jp m the i'uroau of Leb^r Statistics -.asaiflcotlcc includes alao Tobacco inanufacturea. 3/- Jo correspond with the B.L.S. iXo-^le 3mwtf>, XVI, Kj-.-ceilareoua, awst oe oxcluded 5,/- iitfihtflffii the Cocjup Industrie* Clears, Cierr«i,»es, Tobacco Products. */- Includes the Census iau^ctrlcs Bl&at :"*urnaceB, Jtcsl Vorke. 6/- fhfl OBlliseito of salaried Q&r>lo;-ee3 for Juno and October is rjjde ty e 3 mining 1/3 of the moreaee ehown for wage earners for the sane oontha. By tea Standard (Lout) Schedule, Uie nuabcr of *?^} f.a.-nere wars: Juno, 5,?23,5Wg; October 6,623,137: average for tha year, 5,S0b,gU6. Accordingly, the June son October eatiaaU* lor salaried earpl./eee were ob'-eiaed by rultipi^ ing the yearly average value gives, by the Census by tno factors: June f»tor = 1 - i (, - ^§£§jf}= 0.935,2* October factor = : + I ( 6.6^.'l!7 _;= i.o>i6, eo l 3 5.S06,*o *< H.2.A. DiTteioo of Bevle. VS.KA j>«cecber t 1935 9854 24 TABLE Y-B COMPUTATIOH OF AVERA<3 IKCOMl PIE I05XXS •mdustey oboups, 1333 cmsos of mahufactoem 1/ Yearly Average Employment Tearly Average Payroll tjhlt: $1,000 Income Per forlcer Salaried Employeee Wage Earners Total Employees Salaries Wages total Payroll learly (6)/(3) Weekly (7)_1_ 52 (1) All Groups U I. lood 98.11*1* II. Textiles 82.070 (a) Apparel }] 32,89!* (b) Fabrics, etc. 1*9,176 XVI. (part) Tobacco Prod. 3,1*65 IV. Paper Products 24,239 V. Printing, Publishing 137.275 VI. Chemicals 79. W* VII. (part) Petroleum Beflning 9,815 VIII. Rubber Products lU.87 1 ^ II. leather Products 19,951 (2) 666,237 1.474.325. 1*62,857 1,011,1*68 87.325 196,380 25l*,l06 3"*7.933 69.01*7 106,283 282,000 (3) $6,733,869 764,381 1.. 556, 395 >*95,751 1,060, 6¥* 90,790 220,619 1*01,381 "*27,337 78,862 121,157 301.951 w 151.271 136.885 1*9.081* 87,801 8,1*12 " 46,195 226,805 147.839 21.567 26,323 31,581* (5) 620,558 1.017.301 322.813 69l*,l*88 50,933 172,81*2 355.625 365,1*20 89.793 99.U7 222,1*87 (6) $6,530,250 771,823 1.154.186 371.897 782,289 59.31*5 a9,037 582,1*30 513.259 111,360 125,1*1*0 254,071 (75 $ 969.80 1,009.70 71*1.60 750.20 737.60 653.70 992.60 11*51.10 1,201.10 1,1*12.10 1,035.1*0 81*1.1*0 (8) $ I8.65 19.1*2 14.26 SM3 1U.18 12.57 19.09 27.91 23.10 27.61 19.91 16.18 III. X. XI. Forest Products Stone, Clay. Glass Iron and Steel (a) Steel MillB 37 (b) Other Iron 4 Steel XII.* NonferroUB Metals XIII. Machinery XIV. Transportation XV. Railroad Bepair Shops 36,1*17 19.273 63.T76 2V*7>* 38,902 27,81*9 115,01*1* 38,590 13.056 1*5"*. 171 173,000 551*. 108 288,91*5 265,163 188,271 538,593 307.373 21*1,875 1*90,588 192,273 6l7.l*8l* 313 Ms 30)*,o65 216,120 653.637 3 U 5.953 25-4.931 52.885 33.676 31*1,982 175.818 697.10 13.41 914,1*0 17.58 °fll.6o 1, 014.20 19.07 19.50 968.30 18.62 984.30 18.93 1,064.10 20.46 1,123.70 a. 61 1, 224.60 23-55 1/ Source: Consue 1933. Botoprint Belease January 23, 1935. I^ag Schedule. 2/ Excludes part of XVI, Miscellaneous; and part of VII, Petroleum, Coal Products. 37 Apparel includes Census ItemB dealing with Hearing Apparel and Furnishings, f208-211,213,a5.223,224,226.228,239,243,245; Steel Mills Includes Blast Furnaces and Boiling Mills, Items #1110,1112. N.B.A. Division of Review MS:FHA December, 1935 9S54 25 TABLE 31 ConparlaoD Data for PR* Canaua hls sums luPLonmiT, patholl, jom-octobm, 193} \J Baportlnc fas* Xaxnara Payroll Waaldy tamlafa imvraa ubccps IttablUl Hw aaanta Puabai il Indaxaa 1923-25 = 100 Anount gj Indaxaa 1923-25 r 100 Par Cant or Total Busbar Am Dotobar Juna Octobar Par Cant Obanea Juna Octobar Juna Octobar Par Cant Chang* Juna Octobar All ^. 100.0 17.952 2,802,711 3.358.960 66.9 79-6 18. 9* $50,408,132 $63,195,865 47.2 59-4 25-8)1 •17.95 $18.81 ■OI-DCXiBLI I. Pooda Ifi.l 3.013 252.449 322.300 89-7 115.9 19.9 5.187.093 6,528,685 73-5 91.1 17.2 20.55 20.26 II. hitU.i ii/ a. Arpaxal 0. fabric. 1|.» *-v* 70^.865 773.495 89.7 97.7 8.9 9.176.541 ll.820.8qi 59.3 77.4 L .'£ii 13. OU IS. 28 6.9 10.6 1,241 1,894 129.446 574.419 628|2lt3 89.0 88.4 95-8 96.7 7.1 9-6- 1.669,893 7,506,648 2,496,81*9 9,324,044 1*9.5 62.5 72-7 77-5 43:2 23.8 12.90 13.07 17-19 14.84 xn. (part) Tobacco 1-3 237 53.025 55.898 61.2 64.6 5.7 677.935 780,962 "3-7 51.2 17.3 12.79 13-97 IT. Papar Prodoota Prlntln«-Publiahln« 3-9 6.8 705 1.229 99.954 111,416 129.736); 119.085) J 82.3 94.5 14.7 1.840,554 3.193.732 2.385. 1 *ci)3j 3.408,280) 66.4 76.0 14.1 18.U1 28.66 18.39 28.62 TI-TII.Chamlo»la 4 Patrolao* 6.1 1,101 152.788 184,419 87-9 109.1 25-1 3.428,132 4,015,109 71-3 85.5 20.6 22.44 21.77 mi febbar Product! 0.9 153 80,813 96,368 69.3 88.7 26.6 1,785,260 1.934,586 53.3 62.9 15.4 22.09 20.07 a- Laatfiar Prodoota DCBiBLI 2-7 483 139.164 153.033 83-4 88.9 6.6 2,297,320 2.61*6,616 64.8 72-3 11.7 16.51 17.29 in. Poraat Product! 8.6 1.541 126,789 167.364 kz.7 55.2 29.8 1,634,603 2,541,181 24.8 38.1 53-7 12.89 15.18 X. ftana. Clay, Olaaa 7.3 l,3U 95.362 105.477 45.9 51.6 12.4 1.593.451 1.831.971 28.6 33.6 18.0 16.71 17.37 XI. Iron and 6taal a. Stael nllla b. Otnar Iron A ataal 7.6 l.l6s 326. 734 417.71)6 55.7 6q.8 25.1 5.870,338. 7.919.979 36.2 47.6 31.4 17.97 19.01 W 6.5 205 1,163 199.580 127,154 254.363 I63.383 54.6 a 70.2 a 28.6 19.9* 3,657,410 2,212,928 5,012,991 2,926,988. 34.8 a 48.0 • 37-9 19-7* 18.33 17.40 19.69 17.91 XII. Xon-farronj Hetala 3.3 599 79.667 108,188 58. 4 75-6 30.8 l,4l6,6o6 2,022,181 40.0 53.8 33-5 17.78 18. 69 mi Macblnary 9.9 1,771 266,298 359.680 54.2 73-0 32.8 5.135.608 7,207,029 35-6 50.2 39-3 19.29 20.04 xn. Transportation Iqnlp. 2.3 407 227, 422 270,106 51-7 59-1 14.0 5,166,260 5.697.293 40.6 »3.3 5.6 22-72 21.09 XT. Railroad Sapalr Shops 5.0 899 86,965 96.065 48.4 55.0 13-3 2,004,699 2.435.699 38.1 1*8.9 28.1 23.05 25-35 1/ Soux-cat BL0 Trend of S^loyBoat. Jose, October, 1333; Bulletin #6l0. gj Severafe Includes * few reporting establishments not Identical in both June and October. i/ ftroupslTand J are combined In BX8. Totals for separate groups were derived from data given for component BLS industries. • , Coaputed as weighted arera.se based on BLS values for group total and one sub-group; weights proportional to reported emplo; a—/ The inconsistency between the index numbers for the group and for its components is due to separate adjustment to Census. I.l.A. Division of Review ■sA December, 1935. 9854 ~ 36 - It may be noted that the agreement between the three censuses is quite close, considering the difference in character and coverage of the data. Greater increases are shown in the BLS sample for the ??A period than in the more comprehensive PEA., Ccnr.us samples. Conn-arabl e result s for all inu ustrics, by states, P?A and BLS . The check comparisons for all industries, manufacturing and non-manufacturing combined, arc shown for weekly income and for June-October changes, by states in Charts 6 and 7. The supporting data are given in Table III, and in the results by states in the BLS Trend of Employment for Juno- October, 1S33. The totals by states in Table III are taken directly from the summary supplied by the Census. There are slight discrepancies between these and the totals given in Table II which were computed separately from the data supplied by Census for tha primary industries. V.'eekly income per worker, all industries, Chart 6 . For BLS the in- come figures apply primarily to factory wages. Per PBA the figures represent the average wages and salaries, manufacturing, distribution, service and the professionals being about equally represented. In the graph of Chart 6 BLS and PPA values are shown as super- posed bars coinciding in width. A black bar terminated by a white tip shows that P7A exceeds BLS. A white bar is terminated by a black tip when BLS exceeds PPA. The tip bar represents the difference between the two values. The width of the bars is proportional to the population of the state represented. The average for the United States is computed by 9854 27 CHA1OT « CMtcn Of BLS.AHO PRA ucajuw of cuFuotwon <*• fAYAOCLS JUNE - OC TOSCA I9i9 WEEKLY INCOME «« WORKER »LS Siafll WACC5 ■—^•«— FUJI J."»H WAGCS MM SALARIES JUNE ID *••*• «J»«4r,r«» 4 141 OOO ***** f RA Sana* IUOtOr„>i 10 IU 000 Mitel OCTOBER lit Saa**a «.l*»rira» t4U0OOWkn Pl> M KlDMnna It 5*4 000 Waatari kftM ttM Ubjnd MsMIt MttwU Nm Vflrk ^H ' N»» Jartty , Cat Mr* Caam . Ofw MM* illinoii MtctiiJM wm»***Cm** Mifwe«ota n J - S*vt» AHartic . - A 1 OelMW-e Maryland Oitrcl of Ottflte Vrfma w«it v.rjiftia North Caroltn* — — — — i [ Oonha Cait SwTIi CMlra. " W*ft S#»"t% CtWtl *^ C*la*ama 1 T<>4< >—«■»■ 1MB C4Mra> ArHln NM* PMIfk . Calrfanaa ^ ^"^^^^^^^^^^^^^ | ' Nata w.dth if ban .ii4ic4tas aaaulatit* af itatai umlaa autai CENSUS of MANUBAC TURES mt MR. A. Dirlaax af Raaaarct M Himha) - !8- weighting the valuoa for the separate states, using the PRA employment values for October 1933, as wei hts. (The latter -;; , dJ ,- the only data on all-industry employment available in March 1934, when this part of the analysis was done). The split in the bars for the total United States values indicates that it is not possible to present the full width proportional to the total population. The excess of the average PEA income value over the BLS value indicates the reliability of PEA and BLS as samples. That each h ives a valid representation of wage— salary conditions in general is shown by the similarity of the ratios of "BLS wages" to "PPA wages and salaries" and the corresponding ratios of "wages" to "wages and sal- aries" in the Censuses of Manufactures of 192? and 1929, presented at the bottom of Chart 6. All-indust ry employment changes, by states, Chart 7 . The changes during the PPA period presented in Chart 7 show wider variations between corresponding BLS and the PFA measures than those found for weekly income, Chart 6. This is due presumably to the meager coverage of BLS for many states. The agreement for the United States average, shown by the bottom bars, is fairly close. The BLS change in employment and payrolls is computed as a month-to-month ratio for the returns of identical firms, coverage vary- ing slightly each month. The change over the 4-month span is corrrout- ed by chaining the monthly ratio links. For PEA the June-October change is given directly, for identical firms. 9854 29 CHART 7 chcch or BLL3 ano PRA «i«w»i o> cupiqvwCnt ano wayholli JUNE -OCTOBER i»3.1 PER CENT CHANGE Junt to Octobir 111 5MfM »ACTO«» CMPlOTMCNT- waGC 3 ^^^»— MA ***» rACTCW. .M OmcC CM»lO'MCNT -WMOCt «ri tALAAlCI EMPLOYMENT CHANGE PAY ROLLS CHANGE 20 25 » J5 ao 9S54 MMIplTsi P R A Sllla Cir«Na^< N. R. A c.w.w. - 0- 'T'io differences in th amount of e by PRA and BLS for individual states indicates the marlted difference in type of coverage. These differences may be taken as random sampling variations. The weighted P2A average for employment exceeds BLS slightly, 16.2 vs. 16.0 per cent. But for payroll, BLS exceeds PPA, 31.2 vs. 20.2 per cent. This smaller change shown by PHA may be due to its wage-salary composition, office payrolls presumably snowing a smaller increase than wages, delation oi" PRA changes to season?.! fluctuations, Charts 4 ant. 3 . The seasonal swing of many industries is upward during tnc summer months. Tno PSA. upsv/ing is, however, quite independent. This is clearly shown for all— manufacturing industries during several census years in Chart 4, Table VII. The same conclusion is indicated by the trends of the several 3LS manufacturing industry groups shown in Chart 5. Section II - Distribu tion of Employment by Industries an d Regions The distributions of employment by industries and regions given below derive from the tabulation of the 643,000 usable PRA. returns. The distributions give a representative picture of the emoloyment variations by industry and region. This is shown by the comparisons with corres- ponding distributions given by BLS, and the Census of Manufactures and Occupations as shown in Tables I, II and IV. Distribution by industries, Charts B and 9 . The distributions of establishments, employment and payrolls are each shown by a vertical bar representing 100)3. The proper portion of each bar is allocated to 9854 31 TABLE VII Average Hours per Month and per V/eek l/ 35 Manufacturing Industries, 1933 Yearl J F M A M J J A S N D Avera Monthly Hour* 165 159 165 169 187 195 182 171 155 151 148 140 165.1 Working Days 26 23 27 25 27 26 25 27 25 26 26 25 Weekly Hour 8 38.1 41.5 36.7 40.6 41.6 45.0 43.7 38.0 37.2 34.8 34.2 33.6 l/ Monthly Labor Review, October 1935, Table 5. In computing the working days, a six day week was assumed. The assumption was made also that no work was done on the following days: January 1; February 22; July 4, Labor Day, and December 25. The number of weeks in the month was oomputed as the quotient of the number of working days divided by six. Seasonal Trend of Manufacturing Employment Selected Census Years z/ Unit; 1000 Employees Ye«r 8125 8231 8343 1929 8493 8678 8835 1931 6583 6697 6798 1933 5015 5077 4932 8324 8260 8230 8903 8898 8912 6802 6730 6573 5087 5351 5724 8255 8405 8612 8956 9094 9189 6469 6513 6566 6095 6519 6703 8674 8622 8532 9086 8681 8341 6386 6151 6008 6623 6354 6203 8384 8839 6523 5807 Z/ Biennial Census of Manufactures, 1931, page 1177; Rotoprint Release March 1927-1935. 9854 32 1 B fc M s >' fl S3 £ | Pi 4 i h a a a 4 i •- | a t"l eo f^ o r- o ^ o o co Oi r— «. C' r- it. <-< J- J £ 8 * 3 rH ^ CO "6^ "6^ .Ti a\ O O CO CT> o o o ■3 3 3 5 * * _V >' 5 Ift R ^ It. 1*- k C (T\ 0> .l) **-\ .H 8 R 2 8 (J Gj t\> il | 5 I I | I a - i u a g ■a :> el » E & ; i i B a ,3 5 £ K a 2 3 w n w a s I 8 '■i " I S 1 t-lr-OA — l^ K\ftl -HO r- i-^ .-, *S vol -« - ■ -*] .c- . -. J- j-( O ft. { i I -1 * a CS c 85 « .e o si /a i Is i I'll i S- = SS 8 i .-■as els a 4 a « o ^ « '3 h . U «* ^ bi o •» -S £ ** 4 " - £ S Q * i a So -ift- J. 5 1i is it? ■ - • 3 a « « > ( go o ti ri a : ^| 'Si 33 TABLE H PDA CE.SUS, JUIH. CCTUiKR. I93J DI9TRI3UTIOH BT RIOI3IS - BtP0H?Iii3 tSTiBLISEOSTS aioiciui, rencwi or total In Enelaad Induatry Croup* 1. iiia At] tie 11. Ia.lt. So. Central III. »C3t fr. Ce:.tral IV. Sou tli Atlantic | Per 0«n1 Zc.t So. Central VI. .not 80. Can tral VII. Vountain VIII. Pacific IX. ■All Others - " -1 Total Kuaber Beport- per Cent IVr .. Ill Pi.- *?nt Pax Oant Ter Cojit Per Cent Per Cont '.'or tent Por Cent "lg all UBUsuiiis J.7U 24.41 21. '42 11.23 7.95 3-99 7.33 2.43 9-3" 3.05 643.066 SO»-tt*)l*jrACT3i'. . 25 Jo. 3; 3C.48 ■ 32.55 32.33 •^7.32 30.13 3-). 04 2; ,31 10.63 .90 20. Ui ;•,.« 23.59 22.29 3U.02 15.38 25.53 W.73 33- S3 29.50 33.95 35.37 .. 23.6c 3-37 3-36 5.4? .4.75 13-23 7-35 4. 89 5.26 7-53 2.32 4.97 " ; -73 7-1? '4. so 7.10 9-30 .41. 11.34 1 .74 2.40 0.73 7-33 0.52 2.13 7-41 5-CL 1.42 1-35 3-51 3.08 5.2. 4.30 ..ts 2.14 7.09 0.64 .'..13 3- IS 0.45 3-19 1-93 1.10 o.Uo 2.39 7.81 1.16 1-37 0.57 0.85 6.12 7-35 0.35 1.01 1.21 1.37 3-33 i.52 2.41 2.80 0.22 1.21 2.40 0.14 i-05 O.U9 0.38 O.56 10.30 5-97 '4.55 13.63 - . 1 J 9.42 3.93 11.60 8.77 b.05 9.53 3.09 9.40 10.49 7-25 3.52 0.83 1.41 3-21 1.50 1-99 3-58 1.55 0.64 3-62 l.Ul 1.26 2.23 2.13 3.12 50.00 1.11 IT. 253 b.654 5.357 7,698 1.S7-* 14, 64C T.16S 383 2,205 3,980 U96 3.724 3,631 7,036 1,249 16 5.8^ U".:';-iss:i£LJj 7.73 ALL 0TB'_":S r' lfl»S2_ _ 41.06 26.42 7.77 ?.c~- 1.7.7.7.. J _iUE- 2.03 . 9.30. 2.-'; 10. 36 A2.02 L..13 ;-97 10. It 1-72 3.77" ,_ i. Source: ferial tabu-Letiru fir :i?.A of PRA T-w^'toTuial re r*-t.-.ms by ?uie=ci oj Ce:i6ut:, C^cr^ber lj}}. £imloyiaent ani Payroll data are for tho ree^a of J\i^- -7 and October iU, i?33- 2/ "Ai: Lth-r^" c;ve:? iatfi tot qaestici.QpJ.re 9 T.nlch do not clearly iudiiH^e tbftt a br^-dy-ii iii?.a boon ^?^e o'. .-. pro;er gworra^.lcai 'oasir; data for ettab- lisiiaentE cperatin^ la t.,o or more Staise, ruch c.2, rp^lro. d-; , strain boat3, tip* li:;es, telephone nnd teierr": 1 "^ and po-ver ooopanlefi; the reporte oil companler. ^vir,F p.^.tp in vcrioMs Sta f e8 'or vl'.icn iadtvtr.iLv.l r^i-ortg reie r-Dt 3-jbmltted but for vi±ich a master re-urt i-zs cup liud; ?iid data frv^ retui'^s received for a V-tte after the State i^ad beeu ten*, t-3 the ''..bj.iution Sec- .^n for punchln - and tabulatin". JMi.A. iilviaiiD cf HevleTT Jsseuiber, 19J5 SS54 34 TABLE X pra cmsus, 1/ jwffl, ocroica, 1933 DISTRI3UTI0H BY BIOIOHS - JUHE ZMPLOTVEHT EID'JSTRi OSCUPS New England I. Mid Atlantic II. Dart. 30. Central III. test Ho. Central IV. South Atlantic V. East So. Central VI. West So. Central VII. Mountain VIII. Pacific EC "All Others* -I- U Total taber Reported Per Cent rer Cent Per Csnt Per Cent Par Cent Per Cent Per Cent Per Cent Per Cent Per Cent ALL INOUSTRQS 10.1 27-3 22.6 6.U 9.0 3.6 U.O 1.2 '•' 9-7 10.867.02U IIOK-MAIWFACT'JRHC: 7.1 26.2 19.3 7.8 7 -3 3-5 5-5 1-7 7-9 13.3 5.U99.8* A. Agriculture (minor) 8.4 30.9 a. 3 8.2 U.9 1.8 3-3 2.1 15.6 2.9 5*».395 B. Mining & cjuarrylng I. Coal II. Other Minerals 2.5 37-3 9.0 it. 5 s.i 1.5 9-2 21.8 2.9 12.6 3.6 ■3 23.0 U.6 6.0 J 6.9 30.3 229,522 1U6.590 C. Construction 8.6 27.2 22.2 10.U 9-3 2.9 6.2 1.2 7.9 U.l 209.390 0. Public Utilities X. Transportation) etc. II. Other public utilities 5.0 3-1 2U.7 14.9 15.5 11.0 7.2 U.O U.5 3-1 2.2 1.3 U.U 3-U .u .7 10.1 3-5 26.1 55.0 317. 1U1 699.30U E. Distribution I. Wholesale II. Retail a. Foods, Drugs, etc. b. Dry goods, etc. c. Other retail 7.W 10.3 9.3 8.6 28.8 25.3 26.3 21.1 20.3 23.1 25-3 28.8 9.8 9.1 9.3 8.8 6.6 8.2 8.7 7.8 3-5 5.6 6.0 u l.U 2.0 1.9 2.0 6.6 7-U 8.0 8.0 8.0 U.9 1.8 U.l 635.757 U26.6UU 689,560 631.777 P. Serviu*. I. Domestic, Hotels, etc. II. Other service 8.2 8.0 29.0 30.6 19-7 22. U 9.0 7.7 8.U 5.5 3-9 3.0 6.6 U.2 2.2 1.3 11.0 12.6 2.1 U.U U99.301 390.777 G. Finances S.O 37-6 15.6 6-7 6.6 2.U U.O 1.0 6.3 9.8 567.6U6 H. UANOTACTOBIHO 13-2 29.6 26.3 U.8 9-7 3-3 2.2 O.U U.7 5.7 5.0Tj.*S} I. Foods 5-7 21.6 29.U 1U.0 6.5 2.7 U.6 1-3 10.3 3.9 620, 6U2 II. Textiles a, Apprirel b. Other textiles 8-5 31-3 U9.U 24.0 ti 3-7 0.9 11.0 28.6 c.l 5.5 1.2 0.8 0.0 2.U 0.7 1.8 3-7 510,380 72U.085 III. Forest Products 17. Paper Products 6.2 16.3 11.9 31-9 20.0 32.1 U.6 3-8 16.7 2.0 8.2 0.6 8.7 2.5 1.3 17.7 6.U U.8 2-3 335.096 155. OlU V. Prlntlnf-PubUshlng 8.3 3M 25.2 7.8 5-9 2.6 3.8 1.2 8.3 2.2 316.637 Vl-VII. Chemicals U.3 26.8 29.0 3.0 U.5 2.2 U.8 0.1 >».3 21.0 293.285 VIII. Rubber Products 20.8 17."* Us. 6 3.0 0.0 - - - 6.5 3-7 67.093 IX. Leather Products 3U.6 30.0 19-5 11.8 2.6 0.1 0.2 - 0.9 0.3 233.585 X. Stone, Clay, Glass 5-7 U2.9 26.U u.u 9-U 2.3 1.7 O.U U.6 2.0 \b\,wo XII. Ifon-ferrous Metals 2U.2 29.7 33-3 2.1 1.7 2.3 0.9 0.1 1.6 U.2 183.U76 XI II -Machinery 12.1 33.U 37.O 3.0 1.2 0.8 0.9 0.1 2-3 9.3 U76.6UU XIV. Transportation Eculp. 2.U 13-9 51-U 0.6 2.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 l.U 27-9 251.^35 XV. Railroad Repair Shop - - 35.7 - - - - - - 6U.3 1.353 XVI. Miscellaneous 10.U UU.it 19. U 5.0 11.3 5.0 0.5 0.2 2-3 1.6 210,660 Unclassified All Others 2/ 5.6 11.7 50.3 3-3 29.6 10.2 3.6 8.6 29.1 1.2 9.8 0.U 6.3 5-2 5.3 U.9 3.7 U.O 7.069 2*, 66s U Source: Spocial tabulation for HRA of PRA questionnaire returns by Bureau of Census, December 1933. Employment and payroll data are for the weeks of June 17 a"* "All Others" covers data for questionnaires which do not clearly indicate that a breakdown has been made on a proper geographical basis: data for establishments _ operating in two or more States, euoh as, railroads, steam boats, pipe lines, telephone and telegraph and power companies: th« reports of compiles hajlng plants in various States for which individual reports wsre not submitted but for which a master report was supplied; and data from returns received for a State alter me State had been sent to'tbe Tabulation Section for punching and tabulating. ■J U.S.A. ^lviulon of Review MS:JuH December. 1935 9554 35 CHART 8 PRA EMPLOYMENT CENSUS U.S. TOTAL. ALL INDUSTRY PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION,\JUNE. 1933 ESTABLISHMENTS («4 3.0«0) EMPLOYMENT (io.bo'.ooo) PAYROLLS (♦ 236,4S7,000) NQN- MANUFACTURING \QQ~ rr~7 r ,>IIIIIJlJir T77Tm ~ A AGRICULTURE, Imimor) d .n.iihk ■ i u i a u at i *v. 8 MINING I. QUARRYING / I COAL \Q ■ OTHER MINERAL* — C - CONSTRUCTION D. • PUBLIC UTILITIES ( I . - TRANSPQMTION - 'll OTHER RURL'C UTILITIES t. - DISTRIBUTION - I. -WHOLESALE H- RETAIL — ((a)-FOOOS, OOUOS, ETC (b)-WT GOODS, ETC. (C)- OTHER RETAIL F. -SERVICES ■ DOMESTIC, MOTELS, ETC -OTHER SERVICE -G. -FINANCE H -MANUFACTURING -I.- FOODS TJ.- TEXTILES f(a.) APPAREL Ub)OTHEfi TEXTILES -TU.- FOREST PRODUCTS -TJT.- PAPER PRODUCTS V. - PRINTING-PUBLISHING _'SI-'Sn-CHEMlCALS - 3H1.RUBBER PRODUCTS — H.LEATHER PRODUCTS -X r STONE, CLAY, GLASS XI .-IRON t. STEEL 'Ca.iSTEEL MILU [ (b.) OTHER IROMASTEEL — XH. NON-FER. METALS «- XIII MACHINERY -nr trans', equipt — X7-RR REPAIR SHOP -X2I MISCELLANEOUS — UNCLASSIFIED — ALL OTHERS' *SOURCE: NRA ANALYSIS (MS) OF TABULATION OF PRA QUESTIONNAIRE RETURNS, DECEMBER 1933, BY BUREAU OF CENSUS NOTE-'ALL OTHERS': DIVERSE ESTABLISHMENTS COVERED BY MASTER REPORT. 1 INDUSTRIES NOT ALLOCABLE TO A SPECIFIC REGION 96S4 NRA DIVISION OF REVIEW M.S., DEC. ,1935 Statistics Section, No. 473, &&& -36- the sever-?.! principal industrj groups. It is seen that the relative proportions of the total Tor a i% iven industry group vary in the charac- teristic manner for each industry. For example, wholesale distribution has about 8 of the total establishments, 6,; of the total employment and 9 j of the payroll • The corresponding portions of retail distribution ho 1 3ver, are markedly different. The supporting data are given in Tgble II. Lines of varying thickness connect the portion allocated in each column in each industry. The heaviest line separates Manufacturing from ITon-manufacturing. Lines of secondary thickness separate composite groups like Distribution and Service. Special sub-divisions of con- ventional census groups made in this study are indicated "by dashed lines. This is the case in Groups B, 3-1 I, F, H-II and H-XI. distribution in a sa molc state -group . The distribution she n in Chart 9, of a representative 7-state samr>le, are ve^ t r similar to the corresponding distributions for the United States totals shown in Chart 8, The principal differences are in the proportions of the total payrolls and the total employment allocable to Manufacturing and Non- manufacturing. The 7 selected states represent about a third each of the establishments, employment and payrolls for the entire country. For these 7 states, Non-manufacturing has some 4-7-S of the employment and 51,i of the payrolls. In the United States total however, Non-manufacturing has 51.; of the employment and 55 ,.. of the payrolls. Similar conspicuous differences for the principal groups can be seen in the case of Iron and Steel, Public Utilities and Coal Lining. 185' 37 CHART REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE PRA EMPLOYMENT CENSUS SEVEN SELECTED STATES,* ALL INDUSTRY PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION, JUNE, 1933 ESTABLISHMENTS (219,078) ICC j— EMPLOYMENT C3. 592,000) In other public usuries -7- PRINTS NG-PUBl£hinG -■n-xn-cHEMicALS -■STJJ-PUBBER PRODUCTS -LX-LEATHER PRODUCTS Ub)- OTHER IRON* STEEL I 2U.-NON-FER METALS •TRANS EQUIP'T. MISCELLANEOUS UNCLASSIFIED + •MASSACHUSETTS, PENNSYLVANIA, OHiO. No CAROLINA, MISSOURI, TEXAS, AND CALIFORNIA. X-GROUP XT, RAILROAD REPAIR SHOPS, WAS NOT COVEREO FOR THESE SEVEN STATES + - UNCLASSIFIED CONTAINS "ALL OTHERS" SOURCE NRA ANALYSIS (MS) OF TABULATION OF PRA QUESTIONNAIRE RETURNS, DECEMBER 1933, BY BUREAU OF CENSUSI NRA DIVISION OF REVIEW M.S., DEC.I935 9S54 Statistics section, No. 474 £$>-£ Industry distribution i:i P'RA of Occupations , "By Chart 3 the ar^or industry groups sho ■ a significant difference from the patt ■ indicated by the Gen s of Occupations. In the latter, see Table I, the persons available for Loyment, all over 10 years of age who declare themselves attached to some occupation, -ere distributed in 1930, roughly: Manufacturing 14 million; Non-manufacturi , 24 million; Agriculture, 10 million. In the industries reporting to P'RA, it is seen that Non-manufacturing is represented to a markedly smaller degree than Manufacturing. The proportions indicated in Chart 8 end Table II are 51 .-• and 47;. 3ut the Census of Occupations ratio is 24 to 14; i.e., 80 to 47, instead cf 01 to 47. T;:teLided "basis for estimate of. PEA reemployment . A comparison with the Census of Occupations suggests a deficiency of representation in the PEA Census of f.O-dl for the iJon-manufacturing relative to the 80 Manufacturing industries. As shown "below, the Manufactxiring industries have a 7d coverage in ? A for smployment. Hence a plausible measure of Hon-manufacturing employment coverage is 5 of 3, or about 50$. Per- 8 4 haps it would be more accurat 3 to compare Manufacturing with the trade and commerce occupations of column 3, Table I, i.e., omitting the Public Service and Professional groups as having no relevance to PEA. The corresponding ratio is 20 to 14 or 57 to 47. These considerations afford a basis for a more reliable estimate of the actual PEA. employment increase than the rough approximation made earlv in 1934. 9854 -39- Distribution by f ,eo f ,raphic r f ions, Charts 10 and 11 . The dis- tributions of establishments ana of Jun_- employment* are shown by the principal geographic regions for the major industry groups. For the distributions by region, Charts 10, 11, the horizontal bars represent 100,j. The width of the bars is proportional to th number of establish- ments. The graphical indication of reporting establishments is supple- mented by the actual number shown in the right-hand columns. Separate width scales are used in Charts 10-A and 10-B, because of the markedly greater number of establishments in the Non-manufacturing industries. The relative proportions are indicated by comparing the widths of Construction in the non-manufacturing industries and of Foods in the manufacturing industries, both having approximately the same number C*f establishments. In each chart the distribution of the total is shown at the top, by the split horizontal bar. The split indicates that the total width corresponding to the number of establishments cannot be shown. At the top of eacn chart there is a special bar showing the dis- tribution of the total population among the several regions. The length of this special bar corresponds to the ag. regate percentage allocable to the 9 geographic regions. This aggregate is 97/a in the case of the Non- manufacturing, 98,j in the case of Manufacturing industries, the remainder The distribution for June is closely similar to the distribution for October; likewise the distributions of payrolls are similar to the distributions of employment. Thr: differences are given in the o.etailed summary tables, Table II, and the tables in Appendix I. 9854 40 CHART IOA PRA CENSUS- REPORTING ESTABLISHMENTS' JUNE-OCTOBER, 1933 PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION BY GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS NON-MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES iiii | inn 11 n | m i Ew MIDDLE i ^i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ffi 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ff \ ii 1 1 1 1 1 Pft 1 1 ' 1 1 1 1 i yi 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 p 1 1 1 [ n i i y i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 r ° i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 WC4T SOUTH CAiT «»T MOOKTUN fAClFlC MO CfNTAAL ATLANTIC ftO. CZMTH Al SO. «MT*AL I J 100 PER CENT REPORTING eSTAB'S. NUUHEA Y* Of TOTAL ui.aoo ei.e 0.3 0.4 400 1 7. 8 122.700 19.1 G - FINANCE 40.50C 6.3 I i i i i I i i i ' I ' i i i I i i i i I i i i i I i i i i 1 j t i i I i i i i I i i i i I i i i i I i i i i 1 1 i i i I i i i i I i i i i I i i i i I i i i i I i i 1 1 I i i i I I i I n I i I i . I 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 PER CENT 9654 "X"— PERTAINS TO INTER-REGION OR OTHER NON-ALLOCABLE INDUSTRIES. •SOURCE NRA ANALYSIS (MS) OF TABULATION Of PRA QUESTIONNAIRE RETURNS, DECEMBER 1933, BY BUREAU OF CENSUS. WIDTH OF BARS PROPORTIONAL TO NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS. NRA DIVISION OF REVIEW MS, DEC. 1935 Statistics Section, no. 475, £&?& CHART IOB REGION PRA CENSUS- REPORTING ESTABLISHMENTS* JUNE-OCTOBER, 1933 PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION BY GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES 9 1 1 1 1 1 11 1 i 'm 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i ?h i * i " 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 t p 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 r ri 1 1 1 1 n i rp 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 — MOUNTAIN PACiri - iRtPORTING eSTABS- MUMfte* »* Or TOTAL 300 13.8 17,300 2.7 SHI-MACHINERY XF-R.R. REPAIR SMOP «iymivwmmM'.mmu«uu««uu,»uimm«»«n» XH-MISCELLANEOUS !%%%%% 6,700 10 5,400 o.e 7,700 \.t 1,900 0.3 14,600 2.3 5,200 0.8 400 0.1 2,200 0.3 4,000 0.6 500 0.1 3,700 0.6 3,6 00 0. 6 7,100 I.I 1,2 00 0.2 5,800 0.9 I ' I I I I I I I i l l I I t I I I I I I n I i I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I . i i I I I I i I i I I I I i ■ i i I i I i I I I i i i I i m 1 1 i i i I i i i i I i i i i I i i i i I I i I 10 20 30 40 60 70 80 90 100 PER CENT "X- PERTAINS TO INTER-REGION OR OTHER NON-ALLOCABLE INDUSTRIES. Source nra analysis rus.i of tabulation of pra questionnaire RETURNS, DECEMBER 1933, BY BUREAU OF CENSUS- 9854 WIDTH OF BARS PROPORTIONAL TO NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS. NRA DIVISION OF REVIEW M.S. DEC. 1935 STATISTICS SECTION, NO. 476, SjjFS? 42 CHART II A TOTAL MANUFACTURING TOTAL NON-mAN'f'g A- AGRICULTURE (Minos') H- OTHER MINERALS .PRA CENSUS-JUNE 1933 EMPLOYMENT* PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION BY GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS NON-MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES PER CENT | p 20 30 40 50 60 70 SO 90 100 I I I I | I I I ITI I M | I I I III I I I | I I I I I I I M | l I I I I I I l l | l l l II I l l l | | l l l I l l l I | l I I | I | I | 1 1 I I I I I I I II | I I I I j I I I l I I I I I ] 499,800 50.7 C- CONSTRUCTION V///////, D- PUBLIC UTILITIES PZ7 ( 1-TRANSPORTATtON 3I-0THER PUBLIC UT1L. E- DISTRIBUTION I- WHOLESALE H-RETAIL a-FOODS, DRUGSjETC. b-DRY GOODS, ETC- C -OTHER RETAIL F- SERVICES fl-DOMESTIC, HOTELS, ETC. . II-OTHER SERVICE i" 1" ■ ' ' ' ■ ' ub ■ ■ ■ I ■ ■ t J i ■ ■ 1 1 ■ i i-^L i ■ 1 1 1 ■ t ij^ i i ■ i I ■ ■ ■ ijj 1 1 . 1 r t ■ . L ... I ... .1 1 ... I .... h ... I .... I 9854 PER CENT •X"- PERTAINS TO INTER-REGION OR OTHER NON-ALLOCABLE INDUSTRIES. *SOURCE: NRA ANALYSIS (M.S.)OF TABULATION OF PRA QUESTIONNAIRE RETURNS, DECEMBER 1933. BY BUREAU OF CENSUS. WIDTH OF BARS PROPORTIONAL TO NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES. a wa e "x" Ll 90 5 4.400 0.5 229,500 2.r 146,600 1.4 209,400 1.9 3 17,100 2.9 699.300 6.4 635.400 5.9 426,600 3.9 689,600 #» 881,800 5.» 499,300 4.* 390,800 3.« 567,800 5.2 NRA DIVISION OF REVIEW MS., DEC. 1935 STATISTICS SECTION, NO. 477, £Jf&! 43 CHART II B PRA CENSUS-JUNE 1933 EMPLOYMENT PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION BY GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES PER CENT l||l III I I llfTTTTj | n II Ml] I III M-TOTAL MANUFACTURING LtnrY riitur/t- e tT ^uounn^'^ JUNE EMPLOYMENT NOC.EN1HAL ATLANTIC CtN CEN^ 7 g 3 NUMBER yl Of TOTAL ^^^^^^^IIlM^M^llM^} 5 ,or 5 , i0 48.7 -1SSXXSN\\XS\S\SNNNS^V -,1 I 1 1 1 I t p^ X A/N/VVI/ / /f—*\l\ 1 1 pwvr. I H.-TEXTILES (aj- APPa«£l (b)-0T)4ER TEXTILES U-PAPER PRODUCTS £%^ Y-PRINTING-PUBLISHING sr-'sn-cHEMicALS BB- RUBBER PRODUCTS w>»t/>»/» wi/»/>.'f7r . JX-LEATHER PRODUCTS 820,800 5.7 SI0.400 4.7 724,100 8.7 154,000 1.4 318 600 2.9 293,300 2.7 Z3 67,100 0.8 X-STONE.CLAY, GLASS XL- 1 RON & STEEL 0)-STlEL MILLS XY-R.R. REPAIR SHOP IE- MISCELLANEOUS D- FOREST PRODUCTS ALL OTHER 2' >.60O 2.2 161,100 1.5 277,600 2.5 255,400 8.9 183,500 1.7 476,600 4.4- 251,400 2.3 1,400 0.0 210,700 1.9 335,100 3.1 284,700 2.6 I ' I' 1 1 ' I i ih 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 nj 1 1 1 -lllllJjL i i i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i i 1 1 1 1 1 , 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 , 1 1 , 1 1 1 , i | , , | ! [ JLLL [ i i i i i 9S54 "X- PERTAINS TO INTER-REGION OR OTHER NON-ALLOCABLE INDUSTRIES, •SOURCE NRA ANAL>S:S (M.S.) OF TABULATION OF PRA QUESTIONNAIRE* RETURNS DECEMBER 1933 BY BUREAU OF CENSUS. WIDTH OF BARS PROPORTION*. H OF EMPLOYEES- 100 NRA DIVISION OF REVIEW M.S.. DEC. I9JS Statistics Section, no. 478, 6&8 -44- being the Group "X", pertaining to inter-region or oth r non-allocablu industries. As in th (receding charts, thin lines to guide the eye connect the proportions of the total allocable to a given region. Charts 11-A and 11-B show the same typo of distribution for June employment. Th. distribution of employment among the several r -ions shows a greater range of variation than the corresponding dis- tributions of establishments, The conspicuous differences are seen in the case of Public Utilities, Chemicals and Transportion Equipment, and in "X" or inter-regional classes. Similarly conspicuous are the unusual proportions allocated to certain regions for Textiles, Leather Products, Machinery, and Finance, It is interesting to compare the distributions of Manufacturing with Non-manufacturing totals on Chart 11-A. The g ographic distribution of Non-manufacturing industries is seen to be roughtly similar to the distribution of total population shown on Chart 10-A. Section III - V ariaticns in Fay, Employment, and Changes, by Industr y Group s The variations in weekly pay and the PHA increased by regions and industries are of particular interest. They constitute the sole source for data that are of prime importance to KFA policy. ^nriations in em ployment an d ?"RA changes, summar y, Chart 2 . The PRA Census gives a comprehensive picture of the variations in "nay and employ- ment-payrolls for Non-manufacturing as well as Manufacturing industries. In Chart 2, the principal variation patterns in all industries are shown in four groups. In column 1 is shown the percentage distribution of 9854 -45- re-norting jstablishments in all industries. In column 2 is shown the average weekly income nor worker in the different industry groups as a spot picture, for June 1933. la the 3rd and 4th columns arc shown the percentage increases from June tc October of employment and payrolls respectively. These variation patterns are given fcr the principal industry groups separated in three major classes: the durable manufac- turing class in 7 groups; the non-durable manufacturing class in 9 groups; and the non-manufacturing class in 13 groups. Summaries for each of these classes and for all industry are shown at the top of the chart. The length of the tars indicates the per cent change of dis- tribution, and, in the case of the average income, dollars. The width of the bars is proportional to the June employment by the PRA. Census. In the case of the summary groups at the tcp, the torn lower edge of the bar indicates that it is not possible to show on the graph the full width proportional to the June employment. In each case the graphical indi- cation of employment in th ; industry is supplemented by the rounded numerical value for June, shewn in the middle space. Supplementary information is also given of the rounded number of reporting establish- ments in each industry group. At the right of the Chart, the BLS index of employment is shown for three significant dates for each industry, where available. The- index numbers are converted to the base, average 1929 - 100 . The index for June 1933 indicates the depression level at the beginning of NHA. For March, 1955, the index would indicate roughly the recovery up 9854 -46- to the time preceding the Schechter decision. The index for December, 1935, marks the last phase considered in this study. Variations b y, r e,ejpns_, al] J-ji; 4 ". groups. Charts 12 and 1? . The variations in establishments and employment patterns for industri s and regions arc given in detail in the regional summaries of the data, Tables VIII, IX and in the tables of Appendix I. It must suffice at present to show only two groups ©f the variables given in the data, the PRA increase in employment and the Juno- weekly income. The variations in employment increase, Chart 12, show the varying, response elicited in different regions and for different industries by the PEA drive. The same device is used as in Chart 2 to indicate the size of the industry group by making the width of the scale bars proportional to the employment at some base period, June, 1933 in this case. Because of the large range of variation of size in the several regions, it was necessary to enroloy three size measures for three groups of regions, as indicated by th~ j EJ scale bars at the top of ach region group. The rough, indication of size is supplemented by the rounded values of the PRA. Junj employment for :ach industry group shown in each EJ column. In the summary sections at the top of the chart both the employment anc. the reporting establishments are given. The variations of weekly pay incom? shown in Chart 13 afford the most comprehensive statistical pictur; available concerning the much discussed subj :ct of wag: differentials. The representation form used is the sam^ as in Chart 12. 9854 47 TABLE XI PHA 01JSUS - mgU PAX PER WORXXR BT GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS AND MDUSTRT GROUPS 1/ Employment, Ij, and Average TTeokly Incoo". JUNE. 1933 I HEW CI2JBD II MID- ATLANTIC III last north CENTRAL IV WEST NORTH CENTRAL V SOUTH AT'.ANTIC IX PACIFIC VI EAST SOUTH CENTRAL 711 WEST SOVH CEUTRAL VIII MOir Census - pra Industry Group* (ooo: P (occ P (000) P X (OC !'_. (OK ) P (000) (000) P (OOC 432 ) 519- 19 ' ALL IKDUSTR1IS 2/ 1.096 $20.80 2,965 $24.64 2.455 $21-99 697 $20.47 974 51> 94 685 $24.15 386 $14.63 128 C20.99 IOI-KAWTACTURIHO ]J 392 eft. OS l,44o 27-66 1,083 22.72 429 20.75 399 18.82 433 25.64 192 16. 14 301 20.52 94 20.31 MANOTACTURING 4/ 671 18. 95 1.512 21-77 1.335 21.35 243 20.05 493 13-35 237 21.64 . 167 12.84 112 16.44 18 21.60 Bon— Durable 467 18.07 881 a. 43 590 21.15 182 20.21 344 12.61 136 22.60 104 12.30 71 18.17 12 24.33 Durable 182 21.24 537 22.69 704 21.65 50 20.04 125 15.32 97 20.05 52 12.90 39 13-77 6 15.17 NCB-MaNUTaCTURING B. Mining A Quarrying 4 $21-53 99 $18.86 45 $15.66 17 $16.37 54 513.26 9 $29-37 35 $11.79 34 $29-18 19 C- Construction 18 25.51 57 25-57 46 19.61 22 17.51 19 18.66 17 20.83 6 14.50 13 13- 53 3 lj. 84 D.l. Transportation 16 26.47 78 23-87 49 24.19 23 22.64 14 20.46 32 24.50 7 15.66 14 1 22.45 D.II. Other Public Utilities 21 30.25 104 30.05 77 28.36 28 24.96 22 25-53 25 29.67 9 23.2* 24 25-56 5 22.48 Z.I. Wholesale "7 28.66 183 33.36 129 27-74 62 25.84 42 25.04 55 29-89 22 24.16 36 25.60 9 25.22 E. II. a. Retail Pood, Drugs 44 19.34 109 21-57 99 IS. 38 39 16.76 35 15-84 32 21.00 16 14.09 26 15.U8 5 20.90 E.II.b.Dry Goods 64 16.62 181 17-86 175 15-55 64 14.84 60 13-76 55 19.24 25 12.50 39 13-37 13 I5.36 c. Other Retail 55 24.73 134 27-00 182 26.64 56 22.39 49 20.23 51 ?5.76 25 16.19 42 19.81 13 24.54 7. Serrlc* 72 21.74 265 23-73 186 19.64 75 17.39 63 15.55 104 25-69 31 12.47 49 14.36 16 16.73 G, Finance "5 33-24 214 44.32 88 31.76 38 30.29 37 30.l6 47 32.03 14 27-46 23 30.25 6 31-59 MAVUTACTURHQ Son-Durable E.I. Poods 35 $22.01 134 $25-59 183 $21.22 87 $21.94 40 $lb.4l 64 $20.98 17 $10.91 29 $17-3/ 3 ;2i.i8 II. a. Apparel 43 14.42 252 16.42 81 12.99 19 11.48 56 10.29 12 16.10 31 9.44 6 8.14 - II. b. Fabrics 227 15.92 174 17-85 32 14.69 7 15.85 207 10.68 5 19.28 40 IO.53 6 !•" • IV. Paper Products 28 20.37 49 20.82 50 20.38 6 18.93 3 17.60 10 24.14 1 13.17 4 • ■ - - V. Printing-Publishing 26 28.96 111 31.16 80 26-99 25 26.62 19 27-29 26 25.60 8 2^.23 12 - - VI-VII. Chemicals 13 25.49 79 26.86 35 28.15 9 24.15 13 18. 54 13 29-52 7 18.65 14 21.8 • VIII. Rubber Products lit 19.54 12 23.66 33 24.14 2 19-35 • 26.00 4 26. 80 - - - - - - IX. Leather Products 81 18. 52 70 19.15 46 15.55 27 15-12 6 13.34 2 19.42 • 13.40 • - - Durable III. Forest Products 21 18.21 4o 27.29 67 15.65 15 17-37 56 9-84 59 17.82 27 10.13 29 4 1 . X. Stone, Clay, Glass 9 29-77 69 21.09 43 19-33 7 17.90 15 16.41 8 22-79 4 13.42 3 18.30 1 14.83 XI. Iron I Steel 44 20.84 180 19.28 228 20.48 9 20.50 40 21.22 12 24.04 13 14.61 1 .-. : - - XII. Non-ferrous Metals Hit 20.33 54 23-25 61 20-35 4 21.64 3 20.25 3 23-94 4 19. 80 2 22.1*1 • XIII. Machinery 58 22.04 159 25-73 176 22.54 14 21.59 6 20. a 11 25-78 4 16.67 4 26.49 1 23.73 XIV. Transportation Iquip. 6 22.11 35 22.96 129 26.94 1 26.01 5 18.66 4 a. 94 * 14. 34 * 16.94 • 24.^3 i/ Source: KRA, analysis of tabulation of PBA questionnaire returns of December, 1933. oy Bureau of Census. Derived from REGIONAL TABULATION BY HOUSTMC GROUPS gunneries. The reported numbers of June employment are rounded to the nearest thousand. 2/ Includes also Agriculture (minor). X7I Miscellaneous, Unclassified, All Others. 3/ Includes also Agriculture (minor. 5/ Includes also 171 Miscellaneous. The mark (*) indicates less than ^00 employees reported; the mark (— ) lndicrtes no useable returns received. K.E.A. Division of P.evie MS:JUN Deceeber, 1935 9654 Z g o u a: & UJ O 5 5 H Z Ld 6 _i Q. UJ (/) D (/) Z UJ o < a. a . • - ' * I ■ f I .1 1 f l % 1 -: 11*. ! i • H — t- i □ • i 1 . ■ i |!j i •k > •...••• « • ■ . . • „ n i i-i 1 1 1 I f n Ml l P ■ • . i i -^— = ! ^ 8 •— * ■ n I , 8 8; ! -n — | — n — ; — ! T TT~^ D II &i, = . . 5 ; 1 ! : . — 5 a : 1" | *M== ' II 1 — ? .-1? a I s s e a i si 1 ET Tzzzzdt hW ! — i ; it- ;E I s Mm Hill ".-"is I flii 2 ill \ i SI CHART 14 A PRA CENSUS, NON- MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES PERCENTAGE CHANGE, JUNE- OCTOBER. 1933 EMPLOYMENT ■» ■ i i« i% m SUB-GROUPS EXCEPT AS WARRED l»>- r - — — ^^-^^— | 9S54 WIDTH OF &ARS PROPORTIONAL TD JUNE EMPLOYMENT Of 10,000 TO 60,000 \ OVER 60,000 MR A DIVISION OF REVIEW M.S. oec, it** STATltTICS sacnoN, NO 4*1, MS9 CHART I4B PRA CENSUS- MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES* NON-DURABLE GOODS PERCENTAGE CHANGE, JUNE-OCTOBER, 1933 »LS JUNE index or 'MM OYMtMl • 41 41- '■'" 10 IS 20 25 30 35 40 *SOURCE; NRA ANALYSIS yVLS.) OF TABULATION of PRA QUESTIONNAIRE RETURNS, DECEMBER 1933. BY BUREAU OF CENSUS. INDUSTRY GROUPING: CENSUS CLASSES FOR MAJOR GROUPS; CENSUS-BUS. SUB-GROUPS EXCEPT AS MARKED (3 )• WIDTH OF BARS PROPORTIONAL TO JUNE EMPLOYMENT OF 10,000-40,000, 9854 CLASSIFICATION FOR NRA DIVISION OF REVIEW M 3., DEC, 1 936 STATISTICS SECTION, NO. 4 79, £s?g> 53 CHART I1C PRA CENSUS-MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES* DURABLE GOODS PERCENTAGE CHANGE, JUNE-OCTOBER, 1933 i steel I CAST IKON Fl.t r QDCL)* IDGtTCOUI CTC- I EMPLOYMENT p*n c«ht 15 20 25 PAYROLLS PCH CINT FOHGInGS. IWv* A STCCL HARDWARE STEEL WORMS, M LLi PLUMMRS SUPPLiPS STE.AM. H W nf*Tl*G APR t STOvCS, RANGES, f"URM*CC3 STRUCTURAl & ORNAMENTAL T*i CANS, liNWARE *DJ»J lEXCt MACM) "J io ( too 10,100 £ t.eoo l J.000 it.»oo Z=3 WIRE ito»» AH. OTHER ** 1 2T7.BOO I6.I0O i 3,600 20,000 £1,000 7,930 o.aoo ze,5oo I 72.900 3 10 IS 20 Z5 30 35 40 f 1 1 1 i I 1 i I 1 I 1 1 I i T l I I 1 i y i 1 i i " i I 1 i ^f l 1 I rf i 1 i~n t=Z JUNE OL 5 JUNE WEEKLY INDEX OF INCOME EMPLOYMENT •23 -CS - (00 K t BUI 20.S* IU4 2O0I It. 40 21.74 2O02 2 J, 74 2 0.1 A 20** «t 77 ■-MACHINERY AGRlC. IMPLEMENTS cash registers, calc mch. electrical vach.&supp's. engines, turbines, etc. POUNDRV * SHOPWORK MAC^we tool accessories ; MACHINE TOOLS RaD-Oj & PHONOGRAPHS TEXTILE MACHINERY TYPEWRITERS, PARTS 14,500 (,J00 186,100 ^LLZ±2 C J]£ZJL ALL OTHER (*) 10,000 f I 3,2 00 £0,000 (2,500 0,100 sill -44.0.- I. « 21.09 t7.SS 2344 2 2J0 2 1. OS 22JS5 21.44 MOTOR VEHtC Bor«.S, P*RT« MOTOR VEHICLES SHIP BUIlO'NG '—\ 1 ~J ^ 1 ~T 1 IIS, 900 21,300 3C » 27.74 20.S2 24.09 £2,77 XU-NON-FER METAlS ALUWNLW MFfis. COCKS. WATCHES, ETC. £ Jt WELRY Uj.iriNG EOUtPMENT SILVER t ELATED WARE SMELTING * REFINING STAMPEO I ENAMELED WARE EXCL ALUMINUM ALL OTHER (*) t EST PRODUCTS t FURNiT-jffE LUMBEP. TIMBER, PPOD'3. ALL OTHER (S) X - STONE, CLAY, GLASS CtMEN- ^ MARBLE, GRANITE,ETC POTTERY CLAY 2 NrC RCeRACToRiES ALL OTHER (*) nr^ I 5,500 5,000 9,000 0.100 5.800 2,400 w^-yv-J 5i ^_ n^rd, ][ $ 20.53 21.22 2303 22.24 ZJ.44 £332 IfJ.Sl 3 9,300 9,000 t 26,200 57,700 ? I M I I I I I I I II J0.Z9 »JI-ZS 2S.T7 17.73 * SOURCE: NRA ANALYSIS (M.S.) Of TABULATION OF PRA QUESTIONNAIRE RETURNS, DECEMBER 1933. BY BUREAU OF CENSUS. INDUSTRY GROUPING: CENSUS CLASSES FOR MAJOR GROUPS; CENSUS-BUS. CLASSIFICATION FOR SUB-GROUPS EXCEPT AS MARKEO C»). , " WIDTH OF BARS PROPORTIONAL TO JUNE EMPLOYMENT OF 10,000-40,000: I OVER 40.000 I NRA DIVISION OF REVIEW M.S.. DEC . IS3S swimci StCTION, NO. 480, &T&, -54- emoloyees as th small st included firm. These equal ratio size ir> + rvals are obtain -d by a graduatior adjustm nt of th siz s groups given by th. Census tabulation, namely: 0, 1-5, 6-20, 21-50, 51-100, 101-500 2,051-->v r. The configuration in ach patt rn is deti rmined uy siz:; and also by th;- characteristic types of industry peculiar to the several states. Thus th.- patterns of w -kly income per worker shown at the right of th. chart are definit iy discernible also in the 1929 Census of Jfenufacturing data. This is of inter st, sine only a rough tabula- tion by size can b-. obtained, by assigning each industry to a singlo size class, because- C nsus has no breakdown of payrolls by size of establishment. However, superimposed or. this -fundamental pattern is the distinct incom- chang - pattern of June-October peculiar to each state, and presumably varying with the tims and changing economic policy. The regularity of form of each pattern suggests the approximate adequacy of representation of the samples. The composite sample (of the 3-state totals) graphed in Chart 15 covers the following employment returns: 460,000 out of 710,000 PIA total for Ohio 356,000 out of 586,000 PIA total for Massachusetts 159,000 out of 194,000 PIA total for Forth Carolina The patterns of variation by size for individual industries are shown by the group of Charts numbered 16-A, ..., 16-D. Th- support- ing tabulated data are in th PSA, by-size of concern study, in the files of UFA. 9854 n I.: nit ■it; ss- 5 . rs5J Mi i" ? ! M e.-s«- il I O si IB 3 -. 50 W % 1)380100 3Nnr n 1 N 1 i d390±D0 3Nnr [ ^Woi.b'o.SJ 56 51 II — 7 1 ^ebtfo.' 111 ^wwms 5 k a I 5 ■5 o« £! *4S 1 ' — v r! UJ _J < (0 Ul -J R . -< 1 «-z > S_i 5K i< . 6 a (J CO u or O h - < 7 00 j> 1 o DC h < Z * -> O UJ ■" 5 H < < X H rr tt < O < a z LL , u a -i "1 u I:* r l O l S i \ R „* 1 a ! •- i S 1 1 CO h * s, >- UJ O ID J! z: 3 1? If S '-o i * A i ■ e sss c' ci i i i I 55 1 2. 3» I e lis 59 o * ST Uj n NUMBER '29 3,143,000 in 8,317,000 ■ '»■ 2,160,000 ' /•" 100 80 60 40 20 i,zE 20 oPdM&mi 00 ,600 -° VD? I 5 10 20 50 WAGES '\ 25 20 15 \'tt> '31. 3, AMOUNT $4,133,000,000 $2,518,000,000 * 1,842,000,000 I 5 10 20 50 00 200 400 800 I600-0VER WEEKLY INCOME PER WORKER PER CENT DOLLARS OF 1929 100 RATIOS TO 1929 AVERAGE *». * 83.29 "Sli * 10.90 '»»• * 16.40 I 5 10 20 50 100 200 400 8O0I600-OVER SIZE OF ESTABLISHMENT PER CENT OF 1929 60 I 5 10 20 50 100 200 400 800 I600-0V SIZE OF ESTABLISHMENT 40 20 'distribution BY SIZE IS MADE BV ALLOCATING EACH CENSUS INDUSTRT ACCORDING TO THE AVERAOE NUMBER OF W«3E EARNERS PER ESTABLISHMENT IN 1929 ** MASS., PENN, OHIO, N.C., MO, TEX., CAL. SOURCE' CENSUS OF MANUFACTURES, 1929, 1931, 1933. 9SS4 NR A DIVISION Of REVIEW STATISTICS SECTION NO 346 M.S, OCT., 1933 62 CHART 17-1 WAGES AND WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES BY AVERAGE SIZE OF ESTABLISHMENT; 1929 1931 1933 MASSACHUSETTS DISTRIBUTION 18 h I .0 Lrd -^ FH i r" ^ s ESTABLISHMENTS PER CENT PER CENT OF TOTAL Of 1929 25 I, J 100 RATIOS TO 1929 NUMH '29. 9£72 1 '»!■ 9.194 1 '3J. 6,022 °ER CENT OF TOTAL 25. 20 15 10 r 5 r UBgM L_ WAGE EARNERS PER CENT OF TOTAL KimSc'R '2*1' 597,494 '51. 42D.U79 '33' 594,:7T 00 r ,._ 193! 1933 \ r SO r I — 40 L 1 1 20 j 1 1 i — PER CENT OF 1929 100 eo SO 40 PER CENT OK TOTAL "r 1931- 20 1 WAGES I PER CENT PER CENT I OF TOTAL OF I92S 25 AMOUNT 2 0- * 594,505,1 It eQ ' 445, 741, 552 '33' * 350,227,244 =£T 00 r r - 60 1 r J933 1 ' .-1931 — — 40 >- ' i r 20 j — PER CENT OF 1929 100 5 10 20 50 ICO 200 400 800 1600 5 10 20 SO 100 200 400 800 1(00 . | 1 20 WE RAGE INCOME PER CENT OF TOTAL 25 - Fj IS29V 20 ^Sh — — \ H IS n 10 i 5 ! i 1 WEEKLY iNCOME PER WORKER PER CENT OF TOTAL 2S , RATIOS TO 1929 PER CENT OF 1929 ,100 •VCR.WE 9ai * 51 o '3h '21.02 '33' ♦ 17.09 luPoVm&mw " 00 'distribution 8Y size is maoe BY ALLOCATING EACH CENSUS INDUSTRY ACCOROINO TO THE AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS PER ESTABLISHMENT IN 1929 SOURCE' CENSUS OF MANUFACTURES, 1929, 1931, 1933. 9S54 N R A DIVISION OF REVIEW STATISTICS SECTION NO. 340 MS.. OCT., 1935 63 CHART 17-fl WAGES AND WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES BY AVERAGE SIZE OF ESTABLISHMENT/ 1929, 1931. 1933. DISTRIBUTION »29-» PENNSYLVANIA ESTABLISHMENTS RATIOS TO 1929 NUN9ER '29' 16,947 '»!' 14,390 '33' 1 1. '90 EuZ 8 10 20 50 100 200 4O0 . 8001 SOO WAGE EARNERS CTAI. 23 20 19 10 8 1_ J. I 8 10 20 SO 100 200 400 BOO 1600 1" " NUMBER 100 I93K 100 '29' 1 '3|. 1,014,046 763,793 SO 60 i 1 . ! ~1 80 60 1 1 qn 1933 ^ '33. 990,973 — 40 40 20 i _L 20 I 8 10 20 SO rOO 200 400 8001600 WAGES 19; ■ 9 >-; pj — ~n 1931 >. i— r~ i I 5 10 20 50 100 200 400 800 I60C •.MOUNT | '29' * 1,379,4*4,293 •SI' * 931,937,594 1 1 '"' 574,442,926 I 5 10 20 50 100 200 400 800 1600 DOLLARS B AVERAGE INCOME 1929-v WEEKLY INCOME PER WORKER DOLLARS 25 AVERAGE '29 * 26.16 ■3H * 20.99 '33' * 15 99 RATIOS TO 1929 °^ 8 * 2© SO 100 200400 8001600 SIZE OF ESTABLISHMENT 20 86 iMiMWIMltell SIZE OF ESTABLISHMENT •DISTRIBUTION BY SIZE IS MADE BY ALLOCATING EACH CENSUS INDUSTRY ACCORDING TO THE AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS PER ESTABLISHMENT IN 1929 SOURCE: CENSUS OF MANUFACTURES, 1929, 1931, 1933. 9S54 MRA DIVISION OF REVIEW STATISTICS SECTION NO. 339 M.S., OCT., 1935 64 CHART 17-m WAGES AND WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES BY AVERAGE SIZE OF ESTABLISHMENT 1929, 1931, 1933 OHIO DISTRIBUTION ESTABLISHMENTS PER CENT PER CENT OF TOTAL OF 1929 RATIOS TO 1929 NUMBER '28. 11,859 'W 9.729 '33' 7 884 §,z!° 9 ^It? 3 «-EN? 00,80<><,VER PER CENT OF TOTAL 23 20 IS 10 WAGE EARNERS PER CENT PER CENT OF TOTAL OF 1929 ^1933 / NUMBER '28' 741,143 '31' 488,740 '55' 462,718 I933-. 10 20 50 100 200 800 I600-0VEK SIZE OF ESTABLISHMENT PER CENT OF l»2» 100 eo 60 40 -I 20 PER CENT OF TOTAL 26 ^-193 --■A- WAGES PER CENT , PER CENT OF TOTAL OF 1929 29 AMOUNT '29, *l, 102, 166, 499 '31. * 582,494,472 '33' * 450, 144,397 1C s} I 5 10 20 50 100 200 800 I60C-0VER I 9 10 20 90 100 200 800 HOO-OVER 5 PER CENT OF I92S 100 40 A 20 AVERAGE INCOME ">- 2 19 L 10 9 .v- ^— <93l ^igsjj 25 -I 20 - IS - 10 WEEKLY INCOME PER WORKER PER CENT OF 1929 100 RATIOS TO 1929 AVERAGE '29' * 28.80 '31' % 22.59 '53 % IT8S 5 10 20 2: ii ) 200 800 1600-OVER SIZE Oi ■ES'-.AUSHMENT 'OISTRIBUTION BY SIZE IS M«OE BY ALLOCATING EACH CENSUS INDUSTRY ACCORDINO TO THE AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS PER ESTABLISHMENT IN 1929 SOURCE^ CENSUS OF MANUFACTURES, 1929, 1031, 1933. 9854 N R A DIVISION OF REVIEW STATISTICS SECTION NO. 342 MS, OCT, 193 5 65 CXAHT 17-IS WAGES AND WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES BY AVERAGE SIZE OF ESTABLISHMENT" 1929. 1931, 1933 W DISTRIB UTION NORTH CAROLINA ESTABLISHMENTS PER CENT PER CENT OF TOTAL OF IS29 RATIO TO 1929 ~M" r= -j-v ■TTTITi- rHll NUMBCR '»■ 3,797 ■3,. 2922 33 2,054 I 5 10 20 !>0 100 200 400 MOO 1600 OVER • I2E OF ESTABLISHMENT 1 ' ■j ^-1931 1 — ".^-1933 " ] J ■ 100 eo • o 40 20 I 5 10 20 SO 100 200 400 900 :6O0 OVER SIZE OF ESTABLISHMENT PER CENT CF .TOTAL 28: I 2 i 15 10 1929. — ri— . I !l»Sls F^^ I i I. WAGE EARNERS PER CENT PER CENT OF TOTAL OF 1929 number '29 209, eae '»n 1 7«,4»3 '33< 199,324 1 I B 10 20 53 100 *00 4O0eO0!t>00 0vkft SIZE OF ESTABLISHMENT •T i . PtR CENT OF 1929 100 80 60 40 20 I 8 10 20 50 100 200 400 BOC 1600 OVE SIZE OF ESTABLISHMENT WAGES PER CENT PER CENT OF TOTAL OF 1929 AMOUNT '28. * 180,887,988 '31' *i:8, 066,468 I '33> *II2,9S9,2I8 v<% I 5 10 20 SO 100 200 400 SCO 1800 OVER 1 PER CENT OF 1929 100 80 - 60 -,40 - 20 I 6 10 20 60 100 200400800 I6000VEK AVERAGE INCOME PER CENT OF TOTAL WEEKLY INCOME PER WORKER RATIOS TO 1929 1 1 r-!93S , e 28 ^-1981 ■ i i PER CENT OF 1929 I S 10 20 50 100 200 400 800 1600-CVER SIZE OF ESTABLISHMENT *OBTR!BUTION BT SIZE IS MADE BY ALLOCATING EACH CENSUS INDUSTRY ACC0RDIN3 TO THE AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS PER ESTABLISHMENT IN 19 29. SOURCE- CENSUS OF MANUFACTURES, 1929, 1931, 1933. 9854 NRA DIVISION OF REVIEW STATISTICS SECTION NO. 337 M.S., OCT., 1935 66 CHART 17-Y WAGES AND WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES BY AVERAGE SIZE OF ESTABLISHMENT, 1929, 1931, 1933 MISSOURI DISTRIBUTION ESTABLISHMENTS • I 5 10 20 60 100 200 4O0 800 SIZE OF ESTABLISHMENT RATIOS TO 1929 i I933\ I 5 10 20 50 100 200 400 800 SIZE OF ESTABLISHMENT 100 60 60 40 20 WAGE EARNERS !bfe PER CENT OF TOTAL 25 NUMBER '29. 202, 874 '31' 193, 028 '33, 137,894 PER CENT OF 1929 100 I93U, PER CENT OF 1929 100 E.NT rAI 1933 F 25 20 1931- ___>-l929 15 . , 3 5 10 20 SO 100 200 400 800 WAGES T PER CENT OF 1929 100 AMOUNT '29. '240,388,603 '31. ' 199,837,748 '33, * 117,021,142 60 -TT933 r** :zr M* — ^. •— — • 5 10 20 60 100 200 400 800 PER CENT' OF 1929 100 80 SO 40 20 AVERAGE INCOME DOLLARS r~~! WEEKLY INCOME PER WORKER DOLLARS P I5 , C IS T RATIOS TO 1929 AVERAGE^ '2ft * 2279 '31, 1 20.09 33, ♦ 16.38 ~S TO 20 50 100 200 400 800 SIZE OF ESTA8LISHMENT __r~ 1933 -> U-TI i:™! i IB 56 Jo lib pi Bf SBF 100 80 60 40 20 DISTIBUTION BY SIZE IS MADE BY ALLOCATING EACH CENSUS INDUSTRY ACCORDING TO THE AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS PER ESTABLISHMENT IN 1929 SOURCE: CENSUS OF MANUFACTURES, 1929, 1931, 1933. 9654 DIVISION Of REVIEW STATISTICS SECTION NO. 34 3 MS., OCT., 1935 67 CHART 17-m WAGES AND WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES BY AVERAGE SIZE OF ESTABLISHMENT/ 1929, 1931, 1933 TEXAS PER CENT OF TOTAL n SO.M-, . 48,J>A-i -- lyVv* ■OK, ^■mi 6 10 20 SO 100 200 400. SIZE OF ESTABLISHMENT RATIOS TO 1929 ESTABLISHMENTS PER CENT OF TOTAL 25 PER CENT OF 1929 ' 1100 NUMBfR 'It* 6,191 Jl 4.J98 'S3' J,«I3 • 1931 1933 . i 5 10 20 50 100 2*00 400 SIZE OF ESTABLISHMENT PER CENT OF 1929 100 WAGE EARNERS PER CENT OF 1929 100 WAGES JTAL *- 1929 -- -1933 20 1331 ^ 10 3 H i 5 1 3 Z 5 D 10 2 30 * X PER CENT OF 1929 100 AMOUNT 2 '29' * 161,827,257 If. '31' ♦ 98,413,587 "33- * 72,601,089 20 SO 100 200 400 PER CENT OF 1929 100 AVERAGE INCOME DOLLARS es WEEKLY INCOME PER WORKER DOLLARS p E" CENT DOLLARS QF |929 100 RATIOS TO 1929 AVERAGE *29' $ 21.71 '31' * 20.09 '33' ♦ 13.43 1931 ->, 5 |6 20 50 100 200 400 SIZE OF ESTABLISHMENT PER CENT OF 1929 100 DISTIBUTION BY SIZE IS MADE BY ALLOCATING EACH CENSUS^ INDUSTRY ACC0RDIN6 TO THE. AVERA6E NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS PER ESTABLISHMENT IN 1929. DIVISION OF REVIEW STATISTICS SECTION NO 344 SOURCE- CENSUS OF MANUFACTURES, 1929, 1931, 1933. M S OCT 1935 BS5I 68 CHART I7-2H WAGES AND WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES BY AVERAGE SIZE OF ESTABLISHMENT* 1929, 1931. 1933 CALIFORNIA SPt^T f C^ DISTRIBUTION OH £44.84 15 == 10 929 -t 1933 H — RATIO TO 1929 ESTABLISHMENTS PER CENT PER CENT OF TOTAL OF 1929 Z5 NUMBER 20 '29- 1 1,961 '3|i 9,621 15 '33' 8,190 S 10 20 SO 100 200400 800 SIZE OF ESTABLISHMENT WAGE EARNERS PER CENT PER CENT OF TOTAL OF 1929 I 1 1931 1933 v^ ,,1929 .Ji -i NUMBER '29' 262,659 'SI' 1 99,738 '33 185,190 ! I S O 20 SO 100 200 400 900 SIZE OF ESTABLISHMENT PER CENT OF TOTAL - 1933 A_ 1 X'" ~-j 1931 5 h- ^1929 WAGES PER CENT PER CENT OF TOTAL OF 1929 I 5 10 20 50 100 200400 800 AMOUNT '29. » 403,516,046 "3|i ' 256,893,817 '33' $ 184,425,095 100 90 60 1 : , X 193 ' X I9J5 20 r I 5 10 20 50 100 2004O0BO0 PER CENT OF 1929 100 s r -"-- t 1 A\ 1 rERAGE ^1929 — " INCOME /193I ] «n i ' 1 ^-1933 10 WEEKLY INCOME PER WORKER PER CENT RATIOS TO 1929 DOLLARS 25 OF 1929 — ==,100 'Sti '33' AVERAGE ), ♦ 27.43 * .24.93 " ta.ie _ ^ DISTRIBUTION BY SIZE IS MADE BY ALLOCATINO EACH CENSUS INDUSTRY ACCORDING TO THE AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS PER ESTABLISHMENT IN 1929 SOURCE CENSUS OF MANUFACTURES, 1929, 1931, 1933. 9654 NRA DIVISION OF REVIEW STATISTICS SECTION NO. 341 MS., OCT., I93S a ._ ft M m < B U| p w »l o 1 mi j-j s § Ol 1 t" 2 -« s o Ml i 3 1 o> ■■- 69 WC\i-J<*-.VO\*>fV J- «1 i / vo m ^o -> -*j « r* Q vA CM ia n v no u> m \0 .» Mpcr>r*-v)«i>NOm<~*w O ? *• *? ? ? _ . e r^ «j us vo fN el O 0"» C7- >n a rf * K* is .- (V o r- io sss |CMCM,-4^O.-iP>l0O m ~ S S (3 fl SC £ 9854 as r-. ."u Cr> c 10 IV m r- i*". w ic, Ri en cm o tn k\ c\j ,-. k> ms m J* C\J N K> o \fl **' n CM ir*rHCTS-- r^WKNrH^tif CM MD in h r*Nocr o vo mc> l-H CM \0 t/N Oj **\ r— if 8. 2 in in o »— oj cm r-\ « in O J*J»J*OrH»CCUmQ «0 1-ttHlOmi-tCMlOi-tO 0> ot^iri^or^ocr\o>t\j tyi o cr W> MO in K\ O O o r- «o v cr. io so •^ o irt t* o CM CM CM r-, o o r-l O d d o « > «j CM O in ■« SN J* p w O W sr jt •* 1^ >x r- r*-» r- w i*\ S. 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'■* "5 '' r; N "^ o c | • m b : S 3 • • H fH O • o- 2 s el * »»\ l»"\ rl rt N* m i I i VI • s c o j 1 • 1 i | ° K? J *■ K\ rH |H ft H • o a -< S • 3 -76- It is vid nt bj Chart 5 that raploym nt roe-' only i racderat ly in the period 1934-1935t Ths infer nee is warranted that a , reater increase in employment would have occured if the trend of hours had at least remained stationary. Moreover the rising, trend of weekly hours shown in Chart 19 may represent milder conditions than those obtaining in the industries outside th-: snail PIS sample. Th ; latter, it was n afcove, r oresonted a group of industries showing a much mor liberal employment policy than industry as a whole, at least curing th.. period of P?A. Section VI -.PocgibI ■-. lur.th r Analysis of Data Cunsiderahl \ additional information may be derived from the data at present availabl . The following analyses would yield results of substantial int. rest; a. Summary tabulations by major industry ^ruups for the individual states. Those would entail computations similar to those summarized in Table II. b. Summary tabulations for the major geographic regions, North, South and West. (See Chart i). If this were don; for the principal industry groups, the computa- tions would involve combining the regional summaries in App sndix I. c. Analysis of variation of Pay Periods by industry and region. This would supply extremely valuable infor- mation, hardly available elsewhere, of th. frequency of occurence of weekly, by-weekly, monthly, and half monthly pay periods in different industries and localities. Th - data may b obtained from the summaries furnis Led by the Census Bureau for each state and for the cities over 350,000. d. Comparison for Hon-manufacturing industries of PPA, BLS and Census of American Business. This would supplement the comparisons made for Manufacturing shown in Chart 3 and in Tabl-.s IV. 9854 77 CHART I 8 MANUFACTURING EMPLOYMENT, MAN-HOURS, HOURS PER WEEK CENSUS DATA, 1933 J F M A M N CENSUS EMPLOYMENT . MANUFACTURING, COVERS ABOUT 5,000,000 WORKERS. MAN-HOURS ARE REPORTED FOR 35 INDUSTRIES COVERING 1,900,000 WORKERS, CENSUS RETURNS. SOURCE; CENSUS 1933 SUMMARY; MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, OCTOBER, !935. 9854 NRA DIVISION OF REVIEW M.S., DEC, 1935 STHTISTICS SECTION Uoyjlg&Cg 78 CHART I* TREND OF WEEKLY HOURS, 1934-1935 BUS. SAMPLES, MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES MONTHLY INDEXES, MARCH. 1934=100 1933 'SNSUS AVERAGE ra WEEKLY INCOME PER WORKER DOLLA** COMPOSITES NON-DURABLE GOODS DURABLE GOODS ■ III i ■ ■ '' i ■ ' Ml 1 rm -MTT] llll 3,400,000 - 2,400,000 1 i l.L ll III! lllllll. NON-DURABLE GOODS Da -APPAREL Ho-FABRICS ZUfpartlTOBACCO ISV-PAPER-PRINTING VI-HI-CHEMICALS Tffl-RUBBEH IX-LEATHER DURABLE GOODS m-FOREST PRODUCTS X- STONE,CLAY,GLAS5 XI- 1 RON S. STEEL 2H-NON -FERROUS SHI- MACHINERY XIY-TR ANS. EttUIPT. XS-R.R REPAIR SHOPS Q 1 OOLLASS It 2 25 3 1 ! I 1 mi . .. 1 1 1 II II:' llll 1 1 . 1 *»OUftCX.' RLJ3. CATA (UNPUBLISHED). «* WIDTH OF MRS PROPORTIONAL TO CENSUS Of MANUPACTUm*, J UNI ■ EMPLOY M PIT. W4C« NRA DIVISION OF REVCW M.S., DEC. It3» mniTKt scctmn, no. s» €TS> -79- III. Appendix's - Detailed Lata Tabl. s In the Appendix I are given the detail d basic tables of the PEA data compiled from the Census summaries. Includ a also is Tabl XII giving the groupings by-size of the Census of Manufactures, 1929- 1933, data for Ohio. In Appendix II are given several Exhibits b .aring on the mechanics of execution of the PEA C -nsus questionnaire distribution. APPENDIX I Table XII. Tabulation of establishments, employment, and payrolls for the primary Census of Manufactures of industries, grouped in size categories, 1929, 1951, 1933, Stat, of Ohio. Table XIII. Summary by individual industries of U. S. Totals, PHA Census. Table XIV. Summaries of tabulation by regions, for the principal industry groups, Non-manufacturing, Manufacturing, unclassified, All Others. AP P5KDIX II Exhibit A. Extract from History of Insignia Section, NEA report, August 28, 1935, by '.7. M. Duvall. Exhibit B. Memorandum from S. I. Posn^r to Lieutenant Johnston of September 16, 1933 concerning mechanics of PHA questionnaire distribution. Exhibit C. Memorandum from S. I. Posner to Robert K. Straus, September 25, 1933 concerning mechanics for the distribution and return of the PEA questionnaire. Exhibit D. Summary Code for Industrial Classification for PEA Census. 9854 80 i 3d ! pi » ?g! ir\vO C 0\r-K\Oi O i jo a H -• o* o Bn r*-o a^(\ -t rH «-« «h c* »h r- tyi« I r*v* r^^d pj r— »o f* m'vj o ^j v l f*-0 dO»eyj* rHrH»H- I KlO r-t r- vor-O ; ■ ■ .1 rH r-| r I I I i ■ ■ ■ 4?. t. i c:' xi «. g »H lOJ HO f .r*\ COHT KVOC *-*NO M fe mas r*-r-a\ ITmHOJPJ r-*^t r-\pj «hit\ h fNOjr- 0> pjSo o-\o!o G Ow r*-.<\j o r-«j oj rH cv c or- lO. r-Ltva- p-.ir>oo o #h vow r^c\. ir\o i^.on NUiCciiiHatv r* aoto.* ~c a. to h~\rH PJ«Htfx«).r*VOO\r',\0-oOr-l\O.H^ tT\rHO PJ CV IT.KiO sts ^OHCf.T ^JOJ \0\0_*j Cv «D i. . OH J>0 i-'iO O LT\0 PJ a! 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W S* ■> o d 1-6" ° . seats O r^. ^5 - fa ♦■ fc ■ vl • o r-t • * e a ** i . jf^l^ 3 rH fl 03 .- • p. h 4 n HO fl o 8 (i fa £ p u o b £ -g •) O B Vt ^ "•? 55 1-3 § 'fa " r-t ^ ** «f 3 15 a 'S8£.SS'S fa « «c< « ,S » -q « fill j'M!^ *> j v h 2 g.5JS|5fl 'S H & « SPS- g 4i go 05 89 table xry-A p:^ omta - :--•' . . . . - bt narasnn IB) S-ATIS 2/ irents P*"or:lni,,Dio]pywent. Payrolls - Jun« . Setobl 1 sh.i-n t • Trrployment • .Tun : -yrol' Jun 0~tober IKDUSTRT uAODPs Per Cent of '"otal lauaber Re-ort- Per J>nt Per Cent ,'une =>er Cent In.Mt'.'i P*r Cant ABO'Utt Amount 111 Industrie! 100.00 *6,207 00.00 1,096,161* 1,?60.6k? l«.n 100. no ♦22.797,05'" $?6,o4a,o6o 17. ? 120. »n «-l.'» HON-.VaKWACTUKDIO S3.ll »6.755 35-73 391.652 1*32,1". 10.3 41.31 9, 4'O,033 1?. 613,925 1?.^ Z^.Qt 24.56 A. Agriculture (minor) .8! *93 ,»H 4,545 5.??7 .46 105,265 1,582 16.5 2;.l'l I- kinln£ i ^ua-rylng I. Coal LX- C "'-r Itineral, • 15 101 .31; 3. 615 3.658 ■ -1.0 .- 79. 566 31.552 2.5 21.5! 22.29 .1? 103 • 3>> 3.695 '.£5? -1.0 .':: 75,566 1.552 2-5 .istructlon 3.56 2.171 1.65 18,01(1 19,525 9-9 2.02 >|60,231 524,813 14.0 ■ 1 L. Public Utilities 2.05 i.iw 3.1*0 37.266 30,539 6.1 i*.6° 1.067,!30 l.lM.l* c .3 23.64 KST I. Tr&!".?ortation, etj. II. Other Public utilltlec 1.42 ■63 797 35? Iks 15,906 71 1,64 17.M57 22.07 n 9.8 3.3 i.«5 '.33 1*21. 119 646,221 467,768 66l,406 11.1 2-3 -*.'!? 30.25 29.97 I. Distribution 54.09 '0.407 19.20 210,46-> 03c, »5i 13.5 20.30 '1.625.90'* 5.462.460 '8.0 21. 99 ?2.T I. Wholesale ::. Hetcti 6.3s U7.11 3,?25 26.U7? U.27 l''-93 46,761 !6-, ,n ; 52.01" 136. -'1: ;'*'i C 7" ll.U? 1,339,941* 3.288.963 1,507.398 3.955.062 20.3 2S 66 20.09 21.17 a. Foods, Drugs, ate. b. Dry goods, etc. c. Other retail 20.56 7-33 18. 62 U.557 >*,457 10,1*61* 1*.02 5. 37 5.01* 1*1*. 102 61*. 313 55.286 50,1*77 73.532 62,532 14.5 14.3 13.6 6.00 852,828 l,069,lll* 1,367,021 1,008,435 1,287,890 1.653.737 18.2 20.5 21.3 19.34 16.62 24.73 19.98 17.51 26.40 F. Service l6.oh 9,519 6.60 72.385 78,1*92 8.4 0.90 1.573.403 1,714.799 9.0 a . 7J4 21.35 I. Domestic II. imuseoeatp III Professional 17- Business l0 :S 3.56 2.60 5,811 240 1.999 1,1*63 3.7U ' .22 1.72 • 92 1*0,91*0 2. '437 18,886 10,122 1*1*. 66l* 3,o>*3 19,616 11.169 9-1 24.9 3-9 10.3 2.30 .24 2-57 1.29 638,218 55.I63 586,394 293,128 721,242 68,035 603,189 322.333 13.0 23-3 2.3 10.0 15.5? 22.64 21.08 28.96 lb. 15 22.36 30.75 28.86 II. 1 . II 4 III ■» 17 6.60 3. 708 2.86 31.1H*5 33,828 7-6 4.10 935.185 993.557 6.2 29-74 29-37 0. Finance 5.18 2.911 i».n 45.251* 1*6.594 3.0 6.b0 1.504.334 1.578.540 4.9 33.24 33.88 I. Banking, etc. II. Insurance, Brokerage 76 4.42 1*28 2,1*83 .83 3.30 9.058 36,196 9.291 37.303 2.6 3-1 l.'+7 5.13 334,892 1.169.442 342,987 1.235.553 2.4 5.7 3o 97 32.31 36.92 33.12 H. kASUFaCTURIXG 16.06 9.025 61.19 670,766 ... 787.652 17-4 55-77 12,712,743 15. 529.803 2^.2 18.95 19-72 I. Foods II. Textiles 1.50 2.79 1,070 1.568 3.21 24,64 35.232 270.118 1*1 , 08I 305. '36 18.3 13.0 3.40 18.57 775.610 4.234.423 896,560 5.043.879 15.6 19.1 22.01 15.68 21.51 16.52 a. Aoyarel b. Other textiles •93 1.S6 525 1,01*3 3-9>* 20.70 1*3,163 226.955 1*7,292 257,91*1* 9-6 13-7 2.73 15. '4 622,349 3,612,074 799.>*29 4,244,451 28.5 17-5 14.42 15.92 16.90 16.45 III. Forest Products 1.1*3 801 1.89 20,768 26.193 26.1 1.66 378.223 485.179 28.3 18.21 18. 52 IV. Paper Products •58 325 2.58 28,309 33.265 17-9 2-53 576,747 688,233 19-3 20.37 20.69 7. Printing-Publishing 2.06 1,158 2.1*1 26,369 28.530 8.2 3-35 763,662 828,415 8.5 28.96 29.04 VI-VII. Chemicals .66 370 l.ll* 12.517 14,122 12.8 1.+0 319,014 356.266 11.7 25.49 25.23 VIII. Rubber Products •15 82 1.27 13.91*5 18,089 29-7 1.20 272,467 357.999 31.4 19.54 19-79 11. Leather Products 1-33 750 7-38 80,81*1* 86,537 7.0 6.57 1.1+97.303 1,706,553 14.0 18. 52 19-72 X. Stone, Clay, Glass .61 3>*3 .83 9,105 11,204 23.1 1.19 271.037 376,421 38.9 29-77 33-60 XI. Iron and Steel .93 525 1.99 1*3.71*6 56.383 28.9 4.00 911.633 1.184.759 10.0 20.84 21.01 a. Steel mills b. Other Iron & Steel .05 .88 31 1*94 .18 3. 51 1.985 1*1.761 2.619 53.764 31-9 28.7 3-78 49.707 861,926 62,766 1.121,993 26.3 30.2 25.04 20.64 23-97 20.87 XII. Bon- ferrous Metale 1.02 571* h.05 "*>*.393 56,1*80 27-2 3.96 902,692 1,182,022 30.9 20.33 20-93 XIII. Machinery l.Jlt 754 5-25 57,500 75,688 31.6 5.56 1,267.513 1,728,989 36.4 22.04 22.84 XI7. Transportation Equip. .21 117 • 55 6,023 7.729 28.3 • 58 133.183 171,388 29.1 22.11 22.24 17. Railroad Repair Shop - - - - - - - - - - - - X7I. Miscellaneous 1.05 588 2.00 21,897 26,515 21.1 1.80 409,186 522,640 27.7 18. 69 19.71 Unclassified All Others 3_/ .03 •73 19 1*08 .01* 3.0U 1*12 33. 33 1 * 591 1*0,270 43.1* 20.8 .04 2.88 9,109 656,198 12,344 792,988 35-5 20.8 22.11 19.69 20.89 19.69 Source: Special tabulation for KU of PEA. questionnaire returns by 3ureau of Census, December 1933- Employment and payroll data are for the weeks of June 17 and October lh, 1933. Maine, ^ew Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut. "All Others" covors data for questionnaires which do not clearly indicate that a breakdown has been made on a proper geographical basis; data for establishments operating in two or more States, such as, railroads, steamboats, pipe lines, telephone and telegraph, and power companies; the reports of companies having plants in Various States for trr.ich individual reports were not submitted but for which a master report wets supplied; and data from returns received for a State after the State had been sent to the Tabulation Section for punching and tabulating. N.H.i. Division of Review MS: JUN December, 1935 9854 90 TABLE HS-B PRA CENSUS - REGIONAL TABULATION BY INDUSTBI GROUPS 1/ II . BIB ATLANTIC STATES 2/ Establishments Reporting, Employment , Payrolls - June - October, 1933 Establishments Employment r .1 Per * June October June October IMBHSIRS tKOUPS Per Cent of Total Kumber Report- Per Cent Chanee per Cent Shanes June | per Cent of Total Number Number Per Cent of Total Amount ,.- . m - All Industries 100.00 156.979 100.00 2.964,594 3.360.721 13.4 100.00 73,049,232 85,586,407 17-2 $24.64 . HOH-MAJIBTAOIUBIKG 62.66 129.750 48.57 1,439,864 ' 1.576,704 9-5 5^-53 39,831.472 4-..006.327 12.0 27.66 i A, Apiculture (minor) • 72 1,126 .57 16, 832 17,4o6 3-4 .64 T 47i. 520,574 10.5 27-98 £. Mining & i<,U£rrylng .64 1.003 3.33 98.804 104.729 6.0 2.55 1.863.737 • 2.302.156 25. 5 18.86 I. coal II. Other Minerals • 32 • 32 510 U93 2 :S 85,612 13,192 88,696 16,033 3.6 21-5 2.17 •38 1.58^. 27?. 1.979.798 322,358 24.| 15.6 16. 51 21.15 ' 22.32 ! C. Construction 3-27 5.139 1.92 57,000 63,786 11.9 2.00 l. u 57.54o 1,691,002 16.0 I. Public Utllitiee 2.0"i 3.214 6.16 182. 654 195.137 6.8 b.85 5.005.671 .743 8.7 27.41 27.37 I. Transportation, etc. II. Other Public Utilities 1-39 .66 2,186 1,028 2.64 3-52 78.365 104,289 86,097 109, 040 9-9 4.6 2.56 4.29 1,871.703 3.133- ,C92 ;.651 13.0 6.1 23.66 1 24.57 30.05 30.48 E. Distribution 50.88 79.865 20.45 606.093 686.713 13.3 20.92 15.262. *40 17. 941.166 17.4 25.21 | 26.13 I. wholesale II. Retail 8-99 1+1.89 14,117 65.748 6.17 14.28 182.826 423.267 201,193 485.520 11.0 14.7 8-35 12.57 6,098,915 9.183.425 6,905,050 : .116 13.2 20.2 33.36 1 34.;2 21.70 1 22.73 a. Foods, Drugs, etc. b. Dry goods, etc.. c. Other retail 17.26 7.69 16.94 27,090 12,073 26,535 3.66 6.11 4.51 108,620 181,053 133.594 122,928 208,455 15^.137 13-2 15-1 15-4 3-20 4.43 4.94 2,342,357 3.233,078 3,607,450 -.263 7,669 -.-27,164 17-9 22.1 19-9 21.57 17.86 27.00 18. 94 28.07 F. Service 19.07 29.935 8.94 264.935 289.446 9.3 8.6l 6.2ST 7.C—.009 11.4 23.73 24.19 I. Domestic II. Amusements III. Professional IT. Business 11.09 •75 3.87 3.36 17, 4l6 1.172 6.079 5.268 4.88 ■53 1.51 2.02 144.034 15,839 44,603 59.859 159.231 19.510 46,457 64,250 10.1 %:\ 7-3 3-19 • 72 1.68 2.82 2,327,4c: 527,467 1,374,620 2.057,538 -,953 093.969 1.416,725 2,204,362 15.4 31.6 3-2 7-1 16.09 33-30 30.82 3>*-37 16.86 35-57 30.54 34.31 II. 1 - t II * III + IV 7-98 12,519 4.06 120,301 130,217 8.2 5.42 3.959.825 4,317,056 9.0 32.92 ! 33-15 0. Finance 6.03 9.1(68 7.20 213.546 219.463 2.8 12.96 9.463.931 3.710.677 2.6 44.32 44.24 I. Banking, etc. II. Insurance, Brokerage ■si 5.07 1,504 7,964 1.80 5.40 53.416 160,130 54,594 164,889 2.2 3.0 2.79 10.17 2,036.030 7,427,901 2,038,632 7,672,045 0.1 3.3 38.12 46.39 37-34 46.53 B. MANUFACTURING 17-22 27.029 51.00 1,511,852 1.767,572 16.9 45.05 32.911.509 ;,320 23-4 21.77 I. Foods 2.15 3,372 4-51 133.788 157.398 17.6 4.69 3,423,208 . -:.423 13.4 25-59 24.66 II. Textiles 4.26 6.688 14.38 426.366 477.038 11.9 9.92 7.249.550 9.072.219 vS.4 17.00 20.28 a. Apparel b. Other textiles 2.67 1-59 4,191 2.497 8.51 5-87 252.356 174,012 288,491 188,547 14.3 8.4 5.67 4.25 4,143,113 3.106,437 5,983,164 3.689,055 44.4 16.4 16.42 17-85 20.74 19-57 III. Forest Products • 95 1,482 1.34 39.776 44,656 22.3 1.48 1,085,292 1,423,197 31.1 27-29 29-25 IV. Paper Products • "7 744 1.67 49.399 57,918 17-2 1.1a 1,028,464 1,216,632 18.3 20.82 21.01 V. Printing-Publishing 2-37 3.723 3-73 110,562 119.905 8.5 4.72 3,445,610 .916 9.5 31.16 31-U7 VI-VII. Chemicals 1.07 1.683 2.65 78.578 93,993 19.6 2.89 2,110,589 2,412,378 14.3 26.86 25-67 VIII. Rubber ProductB • 07 102 • 39 11.693 14,354 22.6 •38 276,601 316,476 14.4 23.66 22.05 IX. Leather Products •51 801 2-37 70.139 75,495 7-6 1.84 1,343,016 l.f42.5n 14.S 19.15 20.43 X. Stone, Clay, Glass • 77 1,213 2-33 69,140 79.754 15-4 2.00 1.457,889 1,644,759 12.8 21.09 20.62 XI. Iron and Steel .88 1.380 b.08 160.368 219.590 21.7 4.76 3. 478. 331 '.726 ,1.4 19.26 20.81 a* Steel mills b. Other Iron & Steel .11 • 77 168 1.212 3.48 2. 60 103,056 77.312 126,799 92.791 23.0 20.0 2.68 2.08 1.955.862 1.522.46Q J.471 -..40,255 34.4 27.4 18.98 19.69 20.74 20.91 XII. Non-ferrous Metals • 76 1.192 1.84 54,438 69,780 26.2 1.0 1,265,610 1,600,304 26.4 23.25 22.93 XX 1 1. Machinery 1.23 1.936 5-37 159,112 199,607 25-5 5.60 4,094,621 5.248,233 28.2 25-73 26.29 XIV. Transportation Equip. .24 377 1.18 34,949 43,042 23.2 1.10 802,299 978.752 21.9 22.96 22.74 XV. Railroad Repair Shop - - - - - - - - - - - - XVI. Miscellaneous l.itg 2.336 3.16 93. 5^2 111.042 18.7 2-53 1,850.429 2,328,234 25.8 19.78 20.97 Unclassified All Others 37 .06 .06 101 99 .12 •31 3.559 9.319 4,707 11.73* 32-3 26.0 .12 • 30 86,320 219.931 110,456 26l, 604 26.0 18.9 24.25 23.60 23-"»7 22.29 ij Source: Special tabulation for BRA of FBI questionnaire return© by Bureau of Census, December 1933* Stplayaent and payroll data are for the weeks of June 17 and October lU, 1933. 2/ New Tork. New Jersey. Pennsylvania i/ "All Others" covers data for questionnaires which do not clearly indicate that a breakdown has been made on a proper geographical basis; data for eetablishaants operating in two or more States, such as, railroads, steam coats, pips lines, telephone and telegraph, and power companies; the reports of ooapanles having plants Id various States for which individual reports were not submitted but for which a master report was supplied; and data from returns received for a State after the State had been sent to the Tabulation Section for punching and tabulating. N.R.A. Division of Eoviow MC.JUN Decombor, 1935 9S54 1 91 TABLE XN-C pea cmsos - etoiokai, tasuutioh bi ddustbt shoops 1/ III - IAST KOBTU CMTRAL STATES 2/ Istabllahmeots Reporting, Employment, Payrolls - June - October, 1933 letabllshaenta Employment Weekly Payroll Weekly Income Per Worker HTUSTBT QE0UP9 Per Cent of Total lumber Beport- June October Per Cent Change Jane October Per Cent Change June Per Cent em TuLiil Bomber Number Per Cent 01' Total Amount Amount October All Industries 100.00 137.728 100.00 2,1*51*, 818 2.883.975 ' 17-5 100. 00 ♦53.990.272 $64,375,180 19.2 »a.99 ,22-32 KB-JUTOAOTUKIIO 85-07 117,164 44.35 1,088,836 1,222,258 12.3 45.82 24.7 1 *1.359 29,005,831 17.2 22.72 23-73 A- Agriculture (minor) .62 851 .48 11,867 12,181 2.6 •59 318. 907 318,562 -0.1 26.87 26.15 B. Mining A Quarrying .55 757 1.84 1*5.181* 58.1*15 29.3 1.31 707.460 1.056.113 49.3 15.66 18.08 I. Coal II. Other Minerals .28 • 27 388 369 l :i 33,323 U.86l "•3.265 15.150 29.8 27-7 •93 •38 504.359 203,101 792.565 263,548 57.1 29-8 15.14 17.12 18.32 17.40 C. Construction 2-75 3.7«5 1.89 1*6,1*1*2 55.505 19.5 I.69 910,878 1,198,289 31.6 19-61 21.59 I. Public Utilities 2.81 3.876 5.14 l26.Hl 138.000 9.4 6.24 3.371.457 3.717.257 10.3 26.73 26.94 I. Transportation, etc. II. Other Public Utilities 1.80 1.01 2,1*85 1.391 2.00 3-1 1 * 1*9,083 77.028 53. W 82.503 13.1 7.1 2.20 4.04 1,187,097 2,184,360 l,4o4,133 2,313,124 18. 3 5-9 24.19 28.36 25-30 28.04 1. Distribution S4.07 71*. H62 23.83 581*. 961* 663.732 13.5 24.01 12.074.530 15.572.818 20.0 22.18 23-1*6 I. Wholesale II. Batall ulin 10.112 64.150 5-27 18.56 129.372 1*55.592 ll*l*,7l*7 518.985 11-9 n.9 17.38 3.588,995 9. 385. 515 4,128,271 ll.444.s47 15.0 21.9 27 -7 1 * _2p.6o 28.52 22.05 a- Poods, Brags, etc. b. Dry goods, etc. c. Other retail 18.98 8.01* 19-71 26\l36 11.073 27.1U1 U.03 7.U 7."*2 98.857 m.567 182,168 113. 95 1 * 200,707 204,324 15-3 15.0 12.2 3-37 5.03 8.98 1,817.223 2.715.317 4,852.995 2.177.293 3.369.217 5.898,037 19.8 24.1 21.5 IK. 3^ stK i9.ll 16-79 28.87 P. Serrlce 18.25 25.11*1 hSl 185.819 202.1*21 8.9 6.76 3.649.276 4.149.444 13.7 19.64 20. SO I. Domestic II. Amusements III. Professional IT. Business 10.25 .80 i».C5 3-15 14,115 1.097 5.5«5 it.3 1 * 1 * >*.00 •35 1.11 2.11 98,122 8.736 27.156 51. 805 108,gl*0 10,1*50 28,792 5"*.339 10.9 19-6 6.0 >*.9 2.60 ■35 1.30 2.51 1.1*02,376 187,968 701,937 1.356.995 1,664.737 26i,o44 776.784 1,446,879 18.7 38.9 10.7 6.6 14.29 21.52 25.85 26.19 15.30 24.98 26.9s 26.63 II 1 ' : II ♦ III + IT 8.00 11,026 3-57 87. 697 93.581 6.7 4.16 2,246,900 2,484,707 10.6 25-62 26.55 0. finance 6.02 8.20.2 3.6o 88.i*i*q 92.004 4.0 5.20 2.808.851 2.993.348 6.6 31.76 32.53 I. Basking, etc II. Insurance, Brokerage 1.17 4.85 v.ts 6.6S6 1.11 2.1*9 27.331 61,118 28,61*9 63.355 4.8 3-7 1-53 3.67 829,359 1.979.1192 891,130 2,102,a8 7.1* 1.1 30.34 32-39 31.11 33-18 g. UAIUIACTUBISG 1>*. 67 20,206 5"*-38 1,331*, 98l* 1,624, 1*87 21-7 52.80 28,504,158 34,482,047 21.0 21.35 21.23 I. Poods 2-92 >*,022 7.44 182,723 221,31*1* 21.1 7. 18 3,876,843 4,462,340 15.1 21.22 20.16 II. Textiles .90 1.2l*0 l*.6l 113.161* 119. 345 5.5 2.83 1.524.871 2.029.738 33.1 13. 'v7 17.01 a. Apparel b. Other textiles •51 •39 707 533 3.30 1.31 80. 9U2 32,222 86,589 32.756 7-0 1.7 1-95 .88 1,051,435 473,436 1,497,294 552,444 1*1.4 12.5 12.99 14.69 17-29 16. 25 III. forest Products l.l4 1.571 2.73 67. 118 83,261* 24.1 1-95 1,050,509 1.374,209 30. S 15.65 16.50 IT. Paper Products .36 1*99 2.03 1*9. 817 60,175 20.8 1.88 1,015,509 1.172,738 15-5 20.38 19.49 T. Printing-Publishing 2.51 3.>*53 3.28 80,446 97.164 20.8 4.02 2,171.536 2.564.349 18.1 26.99 26.39 TI-TII. Chemical e .81* 1.152 3.46 8l*,990 97.626 14.9 4.43 2,392,380 2,654,020 10.9 28.15 27-19 Till. Rubber Products .10 132 1-33 32,606 38,254 17-3 1.46 787,121 869,629 10.5 24.14 22.73 IX. Leather Products •25 339 1.86 1*5.560 49,696 9-1 1.31 708.401 785.944 10.9 15-55 15-82 X. Stone. Clay, Glass • 7>* 1,018 1-73 42,545 47,034 10.6 1.52 822,381 897.775 9-2 19-33 19.09 XI. Iron and Steel 1.06 1.1*63 9.29 227.968 311.290 36.5 8.65 4.66q.l71 6.791.556 45.5 20.48 21.82 a. Steel mills b. Other Iron A Steel •15 • 91 202 l,26l 4.93 4.36 120.997 106.971 180,566 130,724 49.2 22.2 H.55 4.09 2.459,171 2,210,000 4,076.945 2,714,611 65.8 22.8 20.32 20.66 22.58 20.77 XII. Boa-ferrous Metals •78 1,071 2.1*9 61,022 72.719 19.2 2.30 1,242,025 1,456,108 17-2 20.35 20.02 XIII. Machinery 1-75 2.U06 7.19 176.1+73 224.527 27-2 7-37 3.978.253 4,836,366 21.6 22.54 21. 54 XIT. Transportation Itruip. •32 1*1*8 5.26 129.263 153,608 18.8 6.1*5 3.482,220 3.614,759 3.8 26.91* 23-53 XT. Railroad Bepalr Shop - 8 .02 1*83 525 8.7 .02 10,>*82 10,853 3.5 21.70 20.67 XTI. Miscellaneous 1.00 1.38U 1.66 1*0,806 47,916 17-1* 1.1*3 772.456 961,659 24.5 18.93 20.07 Unclassified All Others 3/ ■05 .21 65 293 .09 1.18 2.09U 28, 961* 2.475 3"*,755 18.2 20.2 .10 1.28 5M75 690.280 62,576 824,726 14.9 19-5 26.01 23.88 23-73 Source: Special tabulation for IRA of PRA questionnaire returns by Bureau of Census, December 1933- Employment and payroll data are for the week* of June 17 and October lU, 1933. Ohio. Indian*. Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin "All Others* covert data for questionnaires, which do not clearly indicate that a breakdown has been made on a proper geographical basis; data for establlshaents operating In :- ar sore States, such as, railroads, steam boats, pipe lines, telephone and telegraph, and power companies; the reports of companies having plants in Tarloue Svaiea for which individual reports were not submitted but for which a master report was supplied; and data from returns received for a State after the State hac oeen sent to the Tabulation Section for punching and tabulating. I.E. A. Division of Review tt.Jtn December, 1935 9654 92 TABLE M-0 PRA CENSUS - REGIONAL TABULATION 3T IHDUSTET GROUPS 1/ IT - IEST NORTH CZETRAL STATES 2/ Establishments Reporting, Employment, Payrolls - June - October, 1933 Establishments Employment Weekly Payroll Weekly Income Per Worker June October June October WTSTHT 1W1TTPS Per Cent of Total Number Report- ing Per Cent Change Per Cent Change ,». Per Cent of Total Number Number Per Cent of lotal Amount Amount October All Industries 100.00 72.231 100.00 696,855 800,115 14.8 100.00 $14,267,290 $16,727,060 17-2 $20.47 $20.91 BOH-UAjraTACTUHMG 89.30 64,504 61.55 428,885 494,812 15.4 62.39 8,900,961 IO.536.775 18.4 20.75 a. 29 A* Agriculture (Minor) • 55 398 .64 4,454 It, 620 3-7 .64 90,785 96.732 6.6 20.3s 20.94 B. Mining & Quarrying -■52 ■579 2.45 17.045 23.863 MO.O 1.96 279.102 456.964 61.7 16.17 19.17 I. Coal XI. Other Ulnerale • 19 •33 140 239 • 51 1.94 3,535 13,510 6,095 17.768 72.4 31.5 • 37 1-59 52,320 226,782 108,190 348,774 106.8 53-8 14.80 16.79 17-75 19.63 C. Construction 2.24 1,620 3-12 21,744 26.327 21.1 2.67 380,656 519.470 36.5 17.51 19.73 D. Public Utilities i.6q 2.662 7. TO 50.869 58.402 14. s 8.55 1.217.100 1. 188.017 14. 21.91 21.77 I> Transportation, etc. II. Other Public Utilities 2-33 1.36 1.679 983 3.29 4.01 22.959 27,910 26,301 32,101 14.6 15.O 1.64 4.89 519,898 697,202 634,821 753.216 22.1 8.0 22.64 24.98 2U.ll, 23.46 E. Distribution •iH.11 1)0.252 51.77 221.421 257.666 16.4 11.52 4.468.16s 5.161.170 20.0 20.18 20.81 I. Wholesale II. Retail 7.01 48.72 5,061 W.191 8. 96 22.81 62,449 158.972 69,564 187.802 11.9 18.1 11.31 20.01 1,613,846 2. S54. 522 1,845,927 1.515.241 21.1 25. S4 17.96 i«:42 18.72 a. Foods, Drugs, etc. b. Dry goods, etc. c. Other retail 17.36 9-39 21.97 12.537 6,784 15.870 5-58 9.24 7-99 38,896 64,378 55,698 45,620 75.178 67,004 17.3 16. 8 20.3 4.57 6.70 8.74 651,83s 955.649 1.247.035 803.707 1,195,249 1,516,287 23-3 25.1 21.6 I6.7I 14.84 22-39 17.62 15.90 22.63 F. Service 19.11 11.945 10.77 7S.049 85.266 10.9 9.14 1.104.848 1.1(80.472 11.5 17.19 17.78 I. Domestic II. Amusements III. Professional IT. Business 10.91 1.08 4.6s 2.64 7,882 777 3,378 1,908 6.44 .ft 1.96 . i.7 k 44,856 4,355 13,688 12,150 50.589 5.397 l4,470 12,810 12.8 23.9 5-7 5-4 4.12 .67 2.18 2.17 587,545 95.533 311,391 310.379 697.432 1,180,098 327.828 337.U4 18. 7 23.6 1:3 13.10 21.94 22.75 25-54 17.78 21.88 22.66 26.32 II. 1 " . II + III + IT 8.40 6,063 4-33 30,193 32.677 8.2 5.02 717.303 783,01*0 9-2 23.76 23.96 G. Finance 7.26 5.248 5.50 58.101 40.668 6.2 S.13 1.160.102 1.211.910 6.4 10.29 30.14 I. Banking, etc. II. Insurance, Brokerage 2.36 4.90 1.705 3.543 1.70 3. 80 11,865 26,438 12, 214 28,454 2.9 7-6 2.52 5.61 359.273 800,829 370.858 863,072 3-2 7.8 30.28 29.19 30.36 30.33 H. UANOTACTURIHS 9.97 7.203 34.92 *3.353 276,220 13.5 34.20 4,879,924 5,628,362 15.3 - 2O.O5 20.38 I. Foods 2.97 2,143 12.49 87,044 101,659 16.8 13-39 1.909.915 2,178i033 14.0 a.94 21. U2 II. Textiles .56 405 3.72 25.961 26.294 1.3 2.10 127.858 i(04.ll6 21.1 12.63 15.17 a. Apparel b. Other textiles •31 •25 224 181 2-75 • 97 19,138 6,823 19,138 7,156 4.9 1.54 .76 219,698 108,160 278,527 125.589 26.8 16.1 11.48 15-85 14-55 17.55 III. Forest Products .58 422 2.19 15.294 17.109 11.9 1.86 265,731 285.095 7.3 17-37 16.66 IT. Paper Products .12 89 .85 5,922 6,948 17.3 ■ 79 112.089 129.630 15.6 18.93 18.66 T. Printing-Publishing 2.68 1.937 3-57 24,872 27,087 8.9 4.64 662,092 725.220 9.5 26.62 26.77 TI-TII. Chemicals • 53 380 1.27 8.858 10,1(00 17-4 1.50 213,956 245,520 14.8 24.15 23.61 Till. Rubber Products .03 19 .28 1,988 2,125 6.9 • 27 38.467 40,961 6.5 19-35 19.28 IX. Leather Products .16 116 3-94 27.46o 28,488 3-7 2.91 415,274 460,275 10. ( 15.12 16.16 X. Stone, Clay, Glass .42 302 1.02 7.087 8,277 16.8 .89 126,890 150,766 18.8 17-90 18.22 XI. Iron and Steel .28 199 1.29 8.962 11.015 22.9 1.29 181.711 226.547 21.1 20. <» 20.57 a* Steel mills b. Other Iron & Steel .02 .26 14 185 •93 2.495 6.467 2.951 8,062 I8.3 24.7 .42 •87 60,098 123.635 73,889 152.65s 22.9 23-5 24.09 19.12 25.04 18. 94 XII. Non-ferrous Metals •29 208 • 55 3.854 4.551 18.1 • 58 83,1405 98,812 IS. 5 21.64 21.71 XI 1 1. Machinery • 70 508 2.03 14,113 17.202 2L.9 2.13 304,642 367.904 ao.s 21-59 21.39 XIT. Transportation Equip* .08 60 .21 1.434 1,478 3-1 .26 37,293 39.933 7-1 26.01 27.02 XT. Railroad Repair Shop - - - - - - - - - - - - X?;. Miscellaneous •57 415 1.51 10,504 13.589 29.4 1-39 198,579 275.550 38.8 18. 91 20.28 Unolaeslfled All Others 37 .01 • 72 5 519 .04 3.49 24,366 635 28,44s 153.0 16.8 .04 3-37 5.875 USO.530 11, 1(21 550,502 94.4 14.6 23.41 19-72 17.99 19-35 \J Source: Special tabulation for NBA of PRA. questionnaire returns by Bureau of Census, December 1333* Employment and payroll data are for the weeks of June 17 and October lit, 1933. gj Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, Horth Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, South Dakota. 2/ "ill Othero" covers data for questionnaires which do not clearly indicate that a breakdown has been made on a proper geographical basis; data for establishments operating in two or more States, such as, railroads, steam boats, pipe lines, telephone and telegraph, and power companies; torn reports of companies having plants in various States for which individual reports were not submitted but for which a master report was supplied; and data from returns received for a State after the State had been sent to the Tabulation Section for punching and tabulating. B.ReA. Division of Review iuijoh December, 1935 9S54 93 TABLE XE-E PRA CBISU9 - BIOIOKiL TABULAIIOI BT IHDUSTKI OROuTS }J T - SOOTB ATLANTIC STABS gj establishments Reporting, Employment, Payroll! - June - October, 1933 Istabllshments Employment Weekly Payroll Weekly laooae Per Worker June October June October IKDUSTHT OROUPS Per Cent of Total ■umber Report- ing Per Cent Change Per Cent Change June Per Cent oj Tola! Number Number Per Cent of Total Amount Amount October ill Induetrlee 100.00 51.093 100.00 971*, 21*6 1,127,268 15.7 100.00 $15,529,392 «19.5U6.553 25-9 $15.* $17-3>t scb-maiiujacturuic 86.57 1*1*. 231 1*0.93 398.7U1* 1*66.1*83 17.0 1*8.32 7, 5*. 1*81 9.185.770 22.U 18.82 19.69 A* Agriculture (minor) .1*6 236 .28 2.678 3.366 25-7 •33 51,1*76 61*, 850 26.0 19.22 19- 27 B. lilnlng A Quarrying .78 198 5.58 54. 122 65.61U 20.8 l*.6U 720.119 1.183.377 61*. 1 11.26 18.* I. Coal II. Othar Minerals •55 •23 282 116 5.15 .".3 50.12U H.198 60,656 l*,958 21.0 18.1 1*.* .1*0 657.790 62,329 i,ios,a6 75.161 68.5 20.6 11.12 1&.S5 18.27 15.16 C. Conatruetlon 2.71 1.363 2.00 19, *7 21.833 12.3 2.3U 362,793 Ull*, 813 1U. 3 18.66 19.00 D. Public Utilities £■78 1.1*22 3.6a 35.889 19.271 9.W 5.U3 8*.0* 915.716 8.5 21.52 21.12 I> Transportation, etc. II. Other Public Otllltlee 1.29 1.1*9 062 760 1.1*1 2.22 iMISI 21.61*3 16,201 23.070 13-2 6.6 3-56 291, >*a 552.583 32"*.353 591.363 11.3 7-0 20.1*6 25-53 20.02 25.63 I. Distribution 55.78 28.1*99 19.09 185.9* 227.078 22.1 22.02 1.U20.111 U.258.U38 *.5 18.19 18.75 X* ffholeaale II. Retail 7.65 1*8. 11 3,908 21*. 591 1*.29 lU.eo 1*1,769 1>*1*.225 53.751 171.127 28.7 20.2 1.73 15.29 1,01*6,009 2. 17>*. 102 1,263,026 2.995.1*12 20.7 26.2 25.* 16.1*6 23.50 17.28 a* Foods, Drugs, etc, b. Dry goods, etc. c. Other retell 18.21 11.18 18. 7U 9,3* 5.711 9.576 3.59 6.18 5.03 3^.993 60,210 1*9,022 >*2.357 73.167 57.803 21.0 21-5 17-9 3-57 5-33 6.39 55>*.362 828,1*51 991,1*89 702,969 1,066,1*50 1.225.993 26.8 28.7 23-7 15. 8U 13.76 20.23 16.60 lU.58 a. a T. Service 17.50 8.91*1 6.1*8 61.167 69.287 9.7 6.11 982.1*09 1.126.225 1U.6 15.55 16.25 I. Domestic II. Amusements III, Professional IV, Buelnesa 10.28 .* 3- 81 2-57 5.251 1*32 1.9k 1,312 U.29 % 1.02 Ul,8l*7 2.977 8,387 9.956 1*6,159 3. 5*7 9.023 10,558 10.3 19.1 7-6 6.0 3-27 • 3>» 1.27 i«*5 508,083 52.293 196,1*26 225,607 602,871 63.657 ai,7U3 21*7,95!* I8.7 a.7 7.8 9.9 12. lU 17.57 23.1*2 22.66 13.06 17.95 23.1*7 23.1*8 II. 1- aj II 4 III A IT 7-22 3.690 2.19 a, 320 23,128 8.5 3.06 1»7»*.326 523.3* 10.3 22.25 22.63 0, finance 6,*52 30,582 11.1 6.1* 5-57 258,806 861*. 563 281,923 9!tO,l»28 8.9 8.8 30. 1*3 30. 08 29-83 30.75 B. KANDTACTU2IS0 11.83 6,01*2 50.58 >*92,732 562,132 1U.1 1*2.35 6,576,198 8,539,1*02 29-9 13.35 15.19 I. Tools 3-1 1 * 1.60U >*.15 1*0,1*20 1*9,389 22.2 l*.27 663,1*72 801.715 20.8 16.1*1 16. 23 II. Textiles 1.90 973 26.98 262.825 283.569 7.9 17.* 2.786.185 1.695.216 12.6 10.60 11.01 a. Apparel b. Other textiles •71 1.19 362 611 5.75 a. 23 56.039 206,786 56,063 227.506 10.0 3-71 1U.23 576.702 2.209,1*83 761.033 2.93M.203 32.0 32.8 10.29 10.68 13-57 12.90 III-Toreet Products 1.92 981 5.71* 55.929 65.387 16.9 3.5U 550.079 820,515 1*9.2 9.8U 12.55 IT. Paper Products .09 "5 •33 3.168 3.999 26.2 .36 55.771 7U.913 3U.3 17.60 i«.73 T. Printing-Publishing 1-93 986 1.92 18.733 20,1*32 9-1 3-29 511,280 568,073 11.1 27-29 27. 80 TI-TII. Chemicals • 75 382 1.31. 13,091* 18,633 32.2 1.56 21*2,717 321*. 702 33-6 18. * 17."»3 Till. Rubber Products 2 - 11 13 18.2 - 286 326 1U.0 26.00 25. 08 IX. Leather Products .09 1*7 .61 5,9* 6,653 11.2 • 52 79,81*2 i*,ia 30.1* 13.3H I5.65 X. Stone, Clay. Olass •58 295 1.55 15,071* 18,079 19.9 1-59 2U7.293 31"*.597 27-2 16.1*1 17. MO XI, Iron and Steel iaS 78 1*.0S 19.766 51.169 28.7 5.1*1 81*1.720 1.078.012 27.8 a. 22 a. 07 a. Steel allle b. Other Iron 4 Steel .05 .10 25 53 3-87 .21 37.698 2,068 1*8,905 2.26ft 29,7 9-5 5-15 .28 799.380 W,3l*0 1,0*, 175 53.837 28.1 a.H a. 20 a.bA 20.* 23-78 XII. Ion-ferrous Uetala .10 1*9 ■31 3.035 3.262 7-5 .1*0 61.U61 67.367 9.6 20.25 20.65 XIII. Machinery .1*9 *9 •58 5.597 7.226 29.1 •73 U3.125 1U8.731* 31.5 ao. a 20.58 XIT. Transportation Zqulp. .09 1*6 • 55 5.365 7.626 1*2.1 .65 100,137 157.569 57-3 18.66 20.66 XT. Railroad Repair Shop - - - - - - ■ - -• - - - -* XVI. Miscellaneous .60 305 2.1*1* 23.731 26,695 12.5 2.07 320,830 383.522 19.5 13.52 1M.37 Onclasslfled AU Others 1' lToO 820 8.1*9 82,770 98.653 19.2 9-33 1,1*1*8,713 1,8a, 381 25-7 17.50 XSM Source: Special tabulation for KTU of PRA queBtionnalre returns by Bureau, of Census, December 1S>33* Employment and payroll data are for toe weeks of June 17 end October lU, 1933. Delaware, Uaryland, District of Columbia, Virginia, Vest Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida* "All Others" covers data for questionnaires which do not clearly indicate that a breakdown has been made on a proper geographical basis; data for establishment* operating in two or more Statea, such as, railroads, steam boats, pipe lines, telephone and telegraph, and power companies, the reports of companies baring plants in various States for which individual reports were not submitted but for which a master report was supplied; and data from returns received for a State after the State had been sent to the Tabulation Section for punching and tabulating- 1.2.1. Division of Heview MS:JUB December, 1935- 9&54 94 TABLE 2E-f PBA CEHSUS - BSGIOHAL TABULATIO!I BT UffinSTEI GROUPS 1/ VI - EAST SOOTH CEHTBAL STATES 2/ Establishments Reporting, Employment, Payrolls - June - October, 1933 Establishments Employmer, t Weekly Payroll Weekly Income Per Worker INDUSTRT GROUPS Per Cent of Total Bomber Report- June October Per Cent Change June October Per Cent Change feWe) Per Cent nf OVital Bumber Uumber Per Cent of Total Amount Aaount ■October ill Industries 100.00 25.670 100.00 386,030 447,900 16.0 100.00 $5,648,460 $7,202,976 27.5 114.63 116. 08 HOH-UAHUFAC TORINO 87- 74 22,523 49.62 191,546 228,006 19.0 54. ft 3,«98.846 3,900,874 26.2 16.14 17. 11 A. Agriculture (minor) .1*3 111 .25 953 999 4.8 .24 13.305 15.365 15-5 13.96 15.3« B. Mining 4 Sjiarrying 1.01 260 8.97 34.639 45.536 31.S 7f23 '408.267 650.401 59.3 11.79 14.2J I. Coal II. Other Minerals ■ 71 .30 183 77 7.60 1-37 29.330 5.309 38,856 6,680 32-5 25.8 6.19 WW 349.637 58.630 565. 803 84,598 61.8 44.3 11.92 11.04 12.66 C. Construction 2.00 511* I.56 6,031 6,143 1.9 1.55 87,450 94,818 8.4 14.50 15.44 D. Public Utilities 2.88 738 4.22 16.276 19.632 20.6 5.78 326.623 378.024 15.7 20.07 19.26 I. Transportation, etc. II. Other Public Utilities 1.83 1.05 1+68 270 1.78 2.44 6.S57 9.419 9,397 10.235 37.0 8.7 1.90 3.88 107.349 219,274 147.389 230,635 37-3 5-2 15.66 23-28 15.68 22.53 E. Distribution S6.86 14.597 22.90 88.401 106.100 20.0 26.27 1.483.730 1.870.229 26.0 16.78 17.6-5 I. Wholesale II. Eetall 7. 21* ho,. 62 1.859 12.738 5.78 17.12 22.317 66.084 26,487 79.613 18.7 20.5 9-55 I6.72 539.155 944.575 636,008 1.234.221 18.0 30.7 24.1? 14.29 . 24.01 15.50 a. Foods, Drugs, etc. b. Dry goods, etc. c. Other retail 16.13 12.53 is. 96 4.655 3,216 U.867 4.11 6.45 6.56 15,S4s 24,901 25.335 19,218 30,754 29,641 21.3 23-5 17.0 3-95 5-51 7.26 223.257 311,254 410,064 288,540 423,068 522.613 29.2 35.? 27-4 14.09 12.50 16.19 15.01 I3.76 17.63 F. Service 17.28 4.1*35 8. 14 31.415 *.607 10.2 6.93 391.634 464.958 18.7 12.47 13.44 I. Domestic II. Amusements III. Professional IV. Business 10.53 .80 3.67 2.28 2,702 206 942 585 5.08 .27 1.11 1.68 19,606 1,045 4,285 6.479 21,469 1.315 4,960 6,843 9.6 25.8 15.8 5-6 3.2o .30 1.61 1.42 203,650 16,991 90,949 80,044 249,434 22,081 104,39} 89,050 22.5 30.0 14. 8 11.3 ii.il 21.22 12.35 U.61 16.79 21.05 13.01 II* 1 ' r II 4 III + IT 6.75 1.733 3.06 11,809 13,118 11.1 3.33 187,984 215,524 14.7 15.92 16.43 G. Finance 7.28 1.86s 3.58 13.831 14.989 8.4 6.72 V9.S37 427.079 12.4 27.46 M.49 I. Banking, etc. II. Insurance, Brokerage 1.14 6.1l* 291 1.577 1.09 2.49 4.239 9.592 4,923 10,066 16.1 4.9 2.28 4.44 - 129,029 250,608 148,245 278,834 14.9 11.2 3O.44 26.15 30. 11 27.70 H. MAHUFACTUBISO 10.79 2,769 43.15 166,561 185.707 11.5 37.88 2.139. 3 1 *! 2.736,961 27-9 12.84 14.74 I. Foods 3.23 828 4.31 16,654 19,344 16.2 4.98 281, 6ZL 343.130 21.6 16.91 17.7 1 * II. Textiles .88 227 18.37 70.922 71.185 0.4 12.62 712.681 911.614 27.9 10.05 12.51 a. Apparel b. Other textiles % .44 112 115 8.11 10.26 .. . 3L317 » 39.605 30,976 40,209 -1.1 1-5 5-23 7.39 295.650 417.031 391, o4i 520.573 32-3 24.8 9.4U 10.53 12.62 12.95 III. Forest Products 2.13 546 7.12 27.473 32.769 19-3 4.93 278.383 399.901 43-7 10.13 12.20 IV. Paper Products .05 12 .26 987 1,115 13.0 •23 12.999 16,1a 24.0 13.17 14.46 V. Printing-Publishing 1.81 1*65 2.11 8,153 8,839 8.4 3-50 197.516 220,748 11.8 24.23 24.97 VI-VII. Chemicals .6U I65 1.71 6,590 10.924 65.8 2.18 122,914 184.583 50.2 18. 65 16.90 VIII. Bobber Products - - - - - - - - - - - - IX. leather Products .04 10 .04 155 174 12.3 .04 2.077 2,688 29.4 13.40 15.45 X. Stone, Clay, Glass .1*9 127 .98 3.784 4,109 8.6 •90 50,794 56,892 12.0 13-42 13.85 XI. Iron and Steel .33 86 3.44 13.289 15.888 19.6 3.44 194.096 255.079 31.4 14.61 16.05 a* Steel mills b. Other Iron & Steel .05 .28 ll* 72 1$ 1.90 5,950 7.339 6,624 9,264 26.2 \:% 100,157 93.939 119.471 135.608 19.3 44.4 16.83 12.80 16.04 14.64 XII. Hon-ferrous Metals .16 40 1.08 4,171 4.673 12.0 1.46 82.593 82,906 0.4 19. SO 17.74 XII I. Machinery .1*6 118 • 97 3.740 4,499 20.3 1.10 62.344 80,814 29.6 16.67 21.61 XIV. Transportation Equip. .02 5 .05 178 159 -10.7 .04 2.552 2,362 7-4 14.34 14.86 XV. Rnilroed Repair Shop - - - - - - - - - - - - XVI. Miscellaneous •55 140 2.71 10,465 12,029 14.9 2.46 138.771 180,123 29.8 13.26 14.97 Unclassified All Others lj .02 1.X5 5 373 .02 7.21 87 27,836 u4 34,073 31.0 22.4 .02 7.38 1,219 417,054 1,562 563.579 28.1 35-1 14.01 14.98 13.70 16.54 1} Source; Special tabulation for HBA of PRA q^eUoiuiair* returns by Bureau of Census, December 1933- fcqploymant and payroll data are for the weeks of June 17 and October ill, 1933. £/ Kentucky, Tennessse, Alabama. Mississippi. 3/ "All Others" covers data for questionnaires which do not clearly indicate that a breakdown has been made on a proper geographical basis; data for establishments operating in two or more States, such as, railroads, steam boats, pipe lines, telephone and telegraph, and power companies! the reports of companies baring plants in various States for which individual reports wore not submitted but for whioh a master report was supplied; and data from returns received for a State after the State had been sent to the Tabulation Section for punching and tabulating. H.B.A. Division of Review MS: JUS December, 1935 9654 95 TABLE XN-G PU CXSSDI - SIOIOKAL TABULATION ST DiDUSTKT dSCUPS jj Til - WIST SOUTH CENTRAL 9T1TXS £/ establishments Reporting, Employment, Payroll! - Jane - October, 1933 letabllahmente Xsployment Weekly Payroll Weekly Income Per Worker UKJSTBT OBOQPS Per Cent of Total llumber Report- ing June October Per Cent Bbmmem June October Per Cent (ffMsfm June Per Cent of Total lumber number Per Cent of Total Amount Amount October 111 Industries 100.00 ■•7.513 100.00 1*31,700 520. 5*9 20.6 100.00 $8,282,342 $10,336,974 24.8 $1919 *19.8* Kn-nunrncniRiio 90.77 *3.127 69-79 301.303 365,062 21.2 74. 61* 6,181.681 7.680,825 24.3 20.52 a.o4 A. Agrloulturo (minor) o.Uz 200 0.1(2 1,822 2.313 26.9 •32 26. 718 32.819 22.8 14.66 14.19 1. mining * Onmrrylag 1.12 627 7.97 T4.4o4 1*4.067 28.1 12.12 1.004.071 1.251 P 107 24.6 29.18 28.39 I. Coal II. Other Klnere.li 1.26 27 600 •15 7.82 63S 33.770 1.5*7 U2,520 1UU.0 25-9 .12 12.00 9.559 994,512 26,782 1,224, J25 180.2 23.1 15. 08 29.45 17.31 28.79 0* Construction 1.61 765 3.03 I3.O5U 12,978 -0.6 2.14 177.387 ao,973 18.9 13-59 16.26 D. Public Utilities 4.81 2.32"* 8.69 37.527 1*9. 5°S 32.2 10.43 863.968 1.110.557 28.5 23.02 22.39 I. Transportation, etc. II. Other Public Otllltlea 2.99 1.90 1.423 901 3-a 5.48 i3,aa 23.66V* 23,*82 26,116 69.5 10.1* 3.13 7.30 259,008 6o4,96o 458,360 652.197 77-0 7-8 16.68 25.56 I9.5I 24-97 1. Distribution 55.70 26.465 n.oo 11*2.1*76 175.780 21.1* 32.42 2.684.820 3.455.843 28.6 18.84 L l°-6« I. fholesals II. Retail g.09 U7.61 3,844 22.621 24.71 35.76U 106.692 1*1,51*2 134.238 1E1 25.8 11.06 a. 36 916,013 1.768.807 1,086,965 2.366.678 18.7 33.8 25.60 16.58 26.17 a* foods. Drugs, etc. b. Dry goods, etc. c. Other retail 16.30 10.2S 21.03 7:7fi 4,882 9.995 5.9* 9.11 9.66 25.650 39.330 1*1,712 31.607 51.901 50.730 23.2 32.0 a. 6 4.79 6.59 9-98 396.984 5*5,649 826,174 5a, 47! 766,265 1.079.135 4o!4 30.6 15.46 13-67 19.81 16.50 14.76 a. 27 I. (err Ice 19.96 q.Usi 11.43 1*9.361 56.293 lU.O 8.92 738.419 882.607 13.5 14.96 L M.6* . I. Domestic II. Amusements III. Professional IT. Business 12.01 .90 4.6l 2.44 5.706 427 2,188 1,160 7.67 .61 1.91 1.2l» 33.122 2,620 8,21*0 5.379 33.253 3.155 8,858 6,027 15.5 20.3 7.5 12.0 2.16 1.69 45!o43 178.398 139.6*0 1*75.753 57,020 194.542 155.292 26.8 26.7 9.0 11.2 11.34 17.19 a. 65 25-96 12.44 18-07 a. 96 25-77 IX. 1 ' - II f in * it 7-95 3.775 3.76 16,239 18,038 11.1 4.39 363,081 406,854 12.1 22.36 22.56 0. Pinnace 6.87 3.26 s 5.25 22.6sq *.on 6.1 8.29 686.298 738.919 7.7 30.29 30.75 I. Banking, etc. II. Insurance, Brokerage 1.89 U.og 897 2.368 2.17 3. 08 9.378 13,281 9.770 11*, 263 5.2 7.X 3-70 4.59 306,542 379.756 4i5!go4 5-* 9-5 32.69 28.59 33-07 29-15 E. HsJuTACIDSIIO 8.37 3.978 26.01 112.295 136,501 a.6 22.30 1,846,670 2.355.196 27-5 16.44 17-25 I. Toods 2.84 1,3*7 6.0U 28,663 35.006 22.0 6.02 498,190 613,060 23.1 17.37 17.51 II. rextllee 0.32 l^l 2.82 12.186 11.328 -7.0 1.29 107.231 139.858 30.4 g.80 12.35 a. Apparel b. Other textiles .1? .16 77 7* 1.5 1.39 6,186 6.000 *.937 6.391 -20.2 6.5 ii .68 50,354 56.S77 59.567 80,291 18.3 41.2 8.14 9.4g 12.07 III. Forest Products 1.06 506 6.79 29.268 36.352 24.2 3.69 305.551 *37.455 43.2 10.44 12.03 IT. Paper Products 0.03 16 0.90 3.906 5.309 35-9 • 77 63.793 94,480 4g.l 16.33 17.S0 T. Printing-Publishing 1.88 896 2.82 12,165 13,1*22 10.3 3-67 303.971 3"*7,674 14.4 24.99 25-92 TI-TII. Chemicals .80 380 3.26 I 1 *, 059 20,61*6 1*6.8 3-71 307.193 406,931 32-5 a. 85 19.71 Till. Rubber Products - - - - - - - - - - - - IX. Leather Products 0.04 a 0.13 559 6s4 22.1* .12 10,189 13,078 28.4 16.23 19.12 X. Stone, Clay, Class 0.31 1"7 O.65 2.788 2,818 1.1 .63 52.417 57,342 9.4 18.80 20.35 XI. Iron and Steel 0.11 SO 0.82 955 1.089 14.0 .20 16.242 19.982 8,3.0 17.01 18.35 a. Steel mills D. Other Iron 4 Steel .01 .10 5 1*5 .07 • 15 295 660 310 779 5-1 18.0 .06 .14 4.715 11.527 il*|4oi 18.4 2*-9 15-98 17.47 18.00 18. 49 XII. Son-ferrous Metals 0.1k 68 0.1*0 1,726 2,207 27.9 .47 38,6g4 *9.959 0.1 22.41 22.64 III I. Machinery 0.50 236 1.01 1*,380 5.*53 21*. 5 1.40 116,044 135.872 T T"» 26.49 24.92 XTT. transportation Equip. o.o4 19 0.11 U76 788 65.5 .10 8,063 14,462 18.4 16,9* 18.35 XT. Railroad Repair Shop - - - - - - - - - - - - XTI. Miscellaneous 0.30 11*1 0.26 1,144 1.399 22.3 • 23 19.102 24,823 *9-9 16,70 17-7* Unclassified ill Others J/ 0.01 0.85 6 U02 0.01 It. 19 30 18,072 I 8 18,91*3 XI 3.06 398 253.593 603 500,350 kl 8:8 14.02 15.86 1/ Sourest Special tabulation for ERA of October 14, 1933. g] Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Texas. V "All Others" oorere data for qaestlonna. PRA ausstl Ires which oanalre re do not cl turns by Bur early ladles sen of Oensue, te that a break December 193 lorn hae bee 3. Emploj n made on nnent end payro a proper geogri LI data are for iphlcal basla: I the seat* Lata for si H Jane 1' nmMlehMi and its operating In two or acre State*, such as railroads, steam boats, pipe lines, telephone and telegraph, and power companies: the reports of n -vv-l. ). • = oaring plants In Tarlotu States for which lndlTldual reports were not submitted but for which a master report was supplied; and data from returns recelwed fop a &ta«e after the State had basal sent to ths Tabulation Section for punching and tabulating. I.E.*. DiTlsloa of Review MSiJUB Daossmber, 1935 9654 96 TABLE .HF-H PEA CENSUS - HEGIONAI. TABULATION BI nnJUSTHI OEOUPS 1/ Till - MOUNTAIN STATES 2/ Establishments Beportlng, Employment, Payrolls - June - October, 1933 Establishments Employment Weekly Payroll Weekly Income Per Worker Per Cent of Total Number Beport- lng June October Per Cent Change June October Per Cent Change jane Per Cent of Total Number Number Per Cent of Total Amount Amount October All Industries 100.00$ 15.962 100. oo£ 127.5^9 154,670 21.3 IOO.OC56 $2,677,756 $3,391,384 26,7 *20.99 $21.93 NOH-UANUFACTUaiEG 90.10 lU.382 73-95 9>*.307 112,012 18.8 73-29 1,962,462 2,460,424 25-5 20.81 21.97 A. Agriculture (minor) •93 lM-9 • 91 1,161 1.624 39.9 .76 20,470 25,016 22.2 17.63 15.40 B, Mining & quarrying 1.55 247 15.09 19.240 24.052 25.0 11.09 150.401 54i.4yi ■54.5 18.21 22.51 I. Coal II. Other Minerals .67 .88 107 I'M 8.20 6.89 10,1449 8,791 14,110 9,942 35.0 13.1 6.61 6.48 iftffi 323,769 217,666 83.0 25-5 16.96 19.73 22-95 a. 89 C. Construction 2.10 336 1-97 2.509 3,049 21.5 1.86 49,782 69,286 39-2 19.84 22.72 D. Public Utilities 1.26 520 4.76 6.071 7.144 21.0 5-10 116. 450 156.641 14.8 22.48 21.11 I. Transportation, etc. II. Other Public Utilities 1.63 1.63 260 260 •91 3.85 i.itt 4.905 1.933 5.411 65.8 10.3 • 98 4.12 26,182 110,268 37,866 118,777 45J 7.7 22.45 22.48 19-59 21-95 S. Distribution 57.02 9.102 14,12 4i.«i24 52.152 19.8 15.67 955.178 1.169.107 22.4 21.95 22.42 I. Wholesale II. fie tall 6.86 50.16 I.O96 8.006 6.93 27.19 8,837 14.687 10,640 4i.>a2 20.4 19.7 9.31 26.16 259,396 705.782 297,764 871.141 19.4 21.5 28.22 20.15 27-99 20.99 a. Foods, Drugs, etc. b. Dry goods, eto. c. Other retail 17-43 10.53 22.20 2,782 1,680 3.5* 6.88 10.37 9- * 8,773 13.232 12,682 10,731 15.712 15.069 22.3 18.7 18.8 6.85 7-89 11.62 183,340 211,185 311.257 233.915 260,783 376,646 27-6 23.5 21.0 20.90 15.96 25-54 21.80 16.60 25.99 F, Service 18.91 1.021 12. 6U 16.122 17.798 10.4 10.11 270.710 109.689 14.4 16.79 17.40 I. Domestic II. Amusements III. Professional IT. Buclness 11.50 1.21 3.86 2.36 1,836 6l6 376 8-57 .96 1.92 1.19 10,926 1,220 2,451 1.525 12,144 1,324 2,792 1,53s 11.1 8.5 13-9 0.9 5-75 ■ 78 2.15 1.43 153.935 20,809 57.691 38.296 178,795 25,626 65,712 39.556 16.2 23.1 13-9 3-3 14.09 17.06 23.55 25.11 14.72 19.35 23.55 25-72 II. 1 - = II 4 III + IT 7.U2 1.185 4.07 5.196 5.655 8.8 4.36 116,796 130,894 12.1 22.48 23.15 G. Finance 6.11 1.007 5.ta 5.680 5.991 5.5 6.70 179.449 189.248 5."i 11.59 11.58 I. Banking, etc. II. Insurance, Brokerage 1.87 4.44 299 708 1.91* 2.51 2,481 3.199 2.565 3,428 3-5 7-2 3-03 3.67 81,154 98,295 83.557 105,701 2.9 7.5 32.71 30.73 32-57 30.83 H. MANUFACTUHIDO 7.06 1,127 lit. 39 18,362 24,137 31-5 14.81 396.595 523,587 32.0 21.60 21.69 I. Foods 3.03 1*83 6.21 7,927 12.356 55-7 6.27 167.927 236,429 40.8 21.18 19.15 II. Textiles .08 12 .16 198 87' -56.1 .12 1.274 1.587 -51.5 16.54 18.24 a. Apparel b. Other textiles .08 12 7l6 198 87 -56.1 .12 3.275 1.587 -5I.5 16,54 18.24 III. Forest Products ■58 93 3.30 4,204 4,966 18.1 2.36 63.303 89.286 41.0 15.06 17-98 IT. Paper Products - - - - - - - - - - - - T. Printing-Publishing 2.21 352 3.08 3.925 4,161 6.0 4.45 119,126 142,226 19.4 30.35 34. 18 TI-TII. Chemloale .OU 7 • 15 188 212 12.3 • 19 5.931 5,84l I8.5 26.23 27-55 VIII.Bubber Product! - - - - ■- - - - - - - - IX. Leather Products - - - - - - - - - - - - X. Stone, Clay, Glass .26 1*2 .46 590 633 7-3 •33 8.75I 10,019 15.5 14.83 15-83 XI. Iron and steel a. Steel mills b. Other Iron 1 Steel ~ : " ~ ~ : : ^ ~ : E ■ XII. Non-ferrous Metals .11 18 .15 195 268 37-4 • 15 5,027 5,481 36.1 20.65 20.45 XIII. Machinery •39 62 .to 565 816 44.4 • 50 13.538 19,288 53.5 23.78 23-65 XIT. Transportation Equip. .04 7 .05 66 79 19-7 .06 1.619 1.578 -2.5 25.53 19-97 XT. Railroad fiepalr Shop - - - - - - - - - - - - XTI. Miscellaneous • 32 51 -39 504 569 12.9 .38 10.199 11.752 15.2 20.24 20.65 Unclassified All Others 1/ 2.84 >*53 11.67 14,880 18,521 24.5 11.90 318,699 407,473 27-9 21.42 22.00 XJ Source: Special tabulation for NBA of PHA questionnaire retains by Bureau of Census, December IP33. Employment and payroll data are for the toets of Jane 17 mad October 1^, 1933. £/ Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, Nevada. Jj "All Others" covers data for questionnaires which do not clearly Indicate that a breakdown has been made on a proper geographical basis; data for establishments operating in two or more States, such as, railroads, steam boats, pipe lines, telephone and telegraph, and power companies; the reports of companies having plants In various States for which individual reports were not submitted but for which a master report was supplied; and data from returns received for a State after the State had been tent to the Tabulation Section for punching and tabulating. N.fi.A. Division of Eevlsw US:JUV December, 1933. 9854 97 TABLE XH-I PBA 60101 - B5I0UAL faBULATIQj BY IiOUSIKT BB UPS 1/ IX - PACIFIC STATIS gj Establishments Reporting, Employment, Payrolls - June - October, 1933 Establishments Employment Weekly Payroll Weekly Per Income boustkt oaonps Per Cent of Total number Report- ing June October Por Cent Change June Por Cent Chani ■ June Per Cent of Total Number Irumber Per Cent of Total Amount Amoan*. October All Industries 100.00 00,08.? 100.00 685,006 824,038 20.3 100.00 $1^,564,823 004,624 20.8 $24.15 $24.28 HCB-MAITOTACTURIlia 86-32 51,860 63.27 k33.k07 501,287 . 15-7 67.09 11,112,441 11,164,913 18. 5 25.64 26.26 A> Agriculture (minor) .3* 565 1.2k 8,501 9.399 10.6 •95 156,860 181,290 15.6 18.1*5 19. 29 B. Mlnln^ & Quarrying .52 tt)l 1.26 8.611 10.611 21.2 1.51 252.901 297.506 17.6 29.17 28.01 I. Coal II. Other Minerals .03 ."•9 17 297 .11 1.15 752 7.859 852 9.761 13-3 24.2 • 07 1.46 10,851 242,052 22,521 275.285 104.8 13-7 14.43 30. 80 26.08 28.20 C. Construction 2.66 1,600 2.42 16.588 20,221 21.9 2.08 345.451 490,864 42.1 20.83 24.27 D. Public Utilities 2.74 1.646 8.2k 56.471 61.617 12.7 9.12 1.510.256 1.61(4.814 8.9 26.74 25.86 I, Transportation, etc II. Other Public utilities 1.84 •90 l.lOU 544 4.12 3-58 31.953 24,520 37,974 25,643 18.8 4.6 4-73 4.39 782,826 727.430 904,933 739.901 15.6 1.7 24.50 29-67 1 23. Sj 28.85 1. Distribution 47.70 28.657 28.00 191.807 226.791 18.2 28.11 4.657.046 5.643.079 21.2 14.9 24.5 24.28 r .24.88 ._ I. Wholesale II. Retail g.03 19.67 4.825 21. 812 7-97 20.01 54,611 117.196 62,966 lbl. 825 15-3 19.5 9.85 is. 26 1,632,222 1.024.824 1,875,781 1.7^7.296 29. 89 22.05 29-73 21.00 a* Poods, Drugs, etc. b. Dry goods, etc. e. Other retail lU.97 6.42 18.28 8,994 3.858 10,980 k.Sk 8.01 7.38 31.758 54,894 50.544 37.853 65,881 60,091 19.2 20.0 18. 9 4.03 6.37 7.86 6bo,934 1,050,101 1,301,789 800,676 1,282,982 1,633,640 20.1 21.5 29-3 21.00 19.24 25.76 21.15 19. '4? 28.02 P. Serrlc* 25.09 15.072 15.20 104.116 120.919 16.2 16.15 2.674.585 1.291.428 21.1 25.69 27.22 - I. Domestic II. Amusements III* Professional IT. Business 13-57 1.17 6.4l 3-94 8. 150 701 3.852 2.369 8.00 2.1k 2.62 2.44 54.S05 14.657 17.964 16,690 60,679 22,330 19.378 18.552 10.7 52.4 7-9 11.2 5.55 5.22 2-73 2.65 919.794 864,421 452,108 438,262 1,067,264 1,212,946 503,826 507.392 16.0 40.1 11.4 15.8 lb.78 58.98 25-17 26.26 17-59 54.32 26. OC 27-35 II. 1- - II + III ♦ IT 11.52 6.922 7.20 49.311 60.260 22.2 10.60 l.75 u .791 2,224,164 26.7 35-59 36.91 0. Plnanc* 6.67 ■v-oota 6.91 47.111 49.707 5.1 9.15 1.515.140 1.615.912 6.6 12.01 ^.3u?x I. Banking, etc. II. Insurance, Brokerage 1.00 5.67 597 3.407 1.81 5.10 12.373 34,938 13,166 36.541 6.4 4.6 2.60 6-55 431,315 1,084,025 466,105 1,149,807 8.1 6.1 34.86 31.03 3574o 31.47 B. MAHOTAOTOBIBO 13.09 7.86k - 3>*.63 237,249 306,383 29.1 31.00 5,134,894 6,483,632 26.3 a. 64 21.16 I I. Tooda 2.96 1.777 9.30 63,680 97.500 53-1 8.07 1.336.133 1.877,435 40.5 20.98 19.26 II. Textiles 1.07 642 2.49 17.026 20.448 20.1 1.75 289.215 180.491 11.6 16.2a. 18. 6l a. Apparel b. Other textiles .66 .in 245 1.80 .69 12.295 4,731 14.706 5.742 19.6 21.4 1.20 •55 197.983 91.232 269,820 110,671 36.3 21.3 16.10 19.28 18-35 13.27 III. Torost Products 1.75 1.049 8.6k 59,184 70,837 19.7 6.36 1,054,368 I.367.590 29.7 17.82 19.11 IT. Paper Products •19 116 1.1(6 9.999 12,284 22.9 1.46 241,358 277,02k 14.8 24.14 22.55 T. Print lag-Pub 11 ah lag 2.29 1.379 3.85 26.374 28,596 8.4 4.08 675.072 735.191 8.9 25.60 25.71 Tl-TII. Chemicals •77 464 1.85 12,680 15,608 23.1 2.26 374,299 428,596 14.5 29.52 27. >6 Till. Rubber Products .07 "•5 .6k U.35* 4,868 11.7 .70 116,788 100,007 -14.4 26. 80 20.54 IX. Leather Products .18 107 • 32 2.179 2.553 17-2 .26 42,323 49,922 18.0 19.42 19-55 X. Stone, Clear, Glass •58 3>»9 1.13 7.774 9,202 18.4 1.07 177.143 206,769 16. 7 22.79 22.4? XI. Iron and Steal .64 185 1.7k 11.912 16.492 18.2 1.71 286.886 180. 7kq 12.7 24.04 21.01 a. Steel stills b. Other Iron * Stool •05 •59 30 355 .69 1.05 4,744 7.188 6,608 9,884 39-3 37-5 •69 1.04 114,923 171.963 161,310 219,43d 40.4 27.6 24.22 23.92 24.41 22.20 HI- Boa-ferrcuo Motels •55 33° .13 2.937 3.631 23-6 .42 70.305 85,478 21.6 23.94 23.54 XIII. Macules tr 1.11 660 1.5s 10,854 14,130 30.2 1.69 279.793 353,560 26.4 25-78 25.02 XIT. Transportation Bqoip. .22 131 51 3.512 4.538 29.2 .46 77.o6o 104,286 35-3 21.94 2J.QS XT. Railroad Bspair Ship - - - - - - - - - - - - XTI. Miscall anecus • 71 424 •69 4.760 5.701 19.8 .69 114,151 136.543 19.6 23-98 23-95 Unclassified All ethers Jj 3 20 338 .06 2.0k 375 13.975 ko6 15.957 8.3 14.2 .06 1.85 10.727 306,761 11,189 345,090 4.3 12.5 28.01 21.95 27.56 a. 63 \J Souroen Sp«olal tabulation for SBA of PBA questionnaire returns by Bureau of Census, December 1933- Jtaployment and payroll data are for the weeks of June 17 and October lU, 1933. 2/ f n-trJ oftop . Oregon, California. 2,-' mi other*." covers data for questionnaires which do not clearly indicate that a breakdown has been made on a proper geographical basis; data for establishments operating In tap or acre States, each as. railroads, steam boats, pipe lines, telephone and telegraph, and power companies; the reports of companies having plants In -various States for which li^iridual reports were not sabnitted but for which a master report was supplied; and data from returns received for a State after the State h*4. bean swat to the Tabulation Section for punching and tabulating. I.B.aVo filTtaion of BflTiew HSiJtm Beoeaber, 1^35 9S54 -98- EXHIBII A Cooy of Pj ■! ■ 5 of "History of Insignia Section" August 23, ' ■ ■ , tf. il. Duvall. D. Altho\igh plans for the President's Reemployment Survey had previously been made by S. I. Posner, Economic Advisor, under supervision of Dr. Georye 3, Galloway for the Research and Planning Division, under date of October 3, 1S33, the Insignia Section ■n-s authorized by the Executive Officer to handle the printing and distribution of this Ques- tionnaire, after consultation with the Census Burej ' , the Commissioner of Labor Statistics, the Division of Research and Pi arming, and the Central Statistical Bureau. ITo fornal authorization vas transmitted to the Chief of the Section, in this connection, although the Insignia Sec- tion files contain copies of reports to the Executive Officer on the progress of the work. Aoproval was then given the Chief of the Section to print four million (4,000,000) Questionnaire forms, to be distributed on an allot- ment basis iron the Government Printing Office through all Post Offices in the United Str es. 3ids ^ere secured and contract was given the U.S. Envelope Company, Rockville, Connecticut, for four million (4,000,000) envelopes to carry the Questionnaire f orris, these envelopes being addressed, "The President, The TThite Hov.se, Washington, D. C. n Postal carriers delivered the Questionnaire forms in these unsealed envelopes to each known place of business throughout the United States as soon as the supplies reached each Post Office, a letter fern of instructions having been furnished each Postmaster. Included \ ith this form was an additional mess- :e restarting the previous distribution instructions rega: .in ' the President's Reemployment Agreement, because certain Post- master's either had not received original instructions or had failed to act in accordance with then, postmasters were also furnished with a franked return tally postcard to furnish complete report as to the lum- ber of Questionnaire messages distributed. A careful calculation of the requirements for Questionnaires for Post Offices resulted in a total of 3,332,483 Questionnaires being sent on the original shipment from the Government Printing Office to Post ^Offices. In addition, all of the Central Accounting Offices of the Post Office Department were furnished an, original shipment of 445,000 Ques- tionnaires, together with instructions as to how to make replenishments for local Post Offices T dthin their territories, and how to report Teekly to the Insignia Section regarding the exa,ct status of the distribution. A balance reserve stock on hand at the Government Printing Office amount- ing to 222,512 Questionnaires was soon exhausted by shipments to the Commerce District Of 'ices at their request aid to other agencies. The tally carl reports from Postmasters required considerable follow up correspondence, but upon practical completion of the returns, it was found that the original allotments had been very satisfactorily made. 9854 -99-. Upon investigation it v?as found most di le to place tho entire job of editing, co in.:, tabuli bing, and verifying all Question- naires, together with the final compilation of statistics, in the hands of the Census Bureau. For this purpose ilxlA prepared -^nd printed at the Govermaent Printing Office a booklet entitled "Industry and Business Classifications". Although more than one million complete and incom- plete returns -"ere received by the Census 3ureau, they rrere only able to trbulate 643,060 because of insufficient or illegible information fur- nished. The detailed results of the tabulation, although favorable, ••ere not released by 1T.R.A. During the distribution of the Questionnaire, the Insignia Sec- tion and the Economic Advisor initiated certain press release information, similar to the annexed Releases, ilo's. 1126, 1299, 1387, and 1501. In- terest was displayed by large chain organizations and other corporations in the proper' method of reporting their entire systems and correspondents was required to inform then of the necessity of securing returns on a strictly geographical basis. 9854 -inn- EXHIBIT B . C P Y MEMORAHDUM September 16, 1933. TO: Lt. Johnston PROM: Stanley Irving Posner SUBJECT: Proposed Llec.hanics for Blanket Questionnaire. Below are outlined in a broad. way the necessary mechanics for distribution, return and tabulation of the blanket questionnaire now being considered. 1. Distribution will be accomplished along the same lines followed in distributing the original President's Reemployment Agreement. An un— addressed envelope will be delivered by each mail man to every employer and place of business on his route. This will not include farmers or households employing domestic service, but these are the only exemptions* Charitable organizations, non-profit in- stitutions and all others will receive the envelope. The envelope will contain one copy of Porm 1, two copies of Porm 2 and one franked envelope to be returned to the District Office of the Department of Commerce. 2. Pom 1 (On which will be printed an adequate statement of its confidential nature) will be placed in the enclosed envelope and mailed to the District Office. One copy of Porm 2 will be delivered to the local Compli- ance Board. The second copy of Porm 2 may be posted by the enrol oyer where his employees and/or customers may see it. 3» The local Compliance Board will check receipt of Porm 2 against its local Roll of Honor. 4. The District Office of the Department of Commerce will open the envelopes as received. They will then check u the list of signed President's Reemployment Agreements, and after a reasonable period of time, perhaps one week after the first return is received, notify each community of the specific employers who have signed the President's Reemploy- ment Agreement but have not yet returned Porm 1 of the questionnaire. The local Compliance Boards will then begin a "Follow U-o" carroalgn. 9854 -101- 5« Each day the District Commerce Offices -'ill send to the Census Bureau ell forms received but i ssorted by communi- ties. 6« The returns "ill be tabulated as rapidly as received by the Censxis Bureau, an s mounceraent of tota] made each day by Commerce Districts, and after the first reek by specific communities. 7. Notice must be sent to all local IT. R. A. Boards and/or Compliance Boards and/ or organizations of -.11 kinds to discontinue locrl opiestionnaires since this national questionnaire is designed to produce the nocessor-r information on a comparable basisifor the entire United States. 8. A sheet of instructions rill be prepared ~'oi r this office for distribution by your office to each Compliance Board in order that they may assist in filling out these questionnaires. 9. I shall proceed at once to determine the necessary mechanics and estimated exuense, and other relevant information concerning this process. 10. If this procedure is initiated at once, and the Government Printing Office inst: ucted to send the first forms to the Pacific Cost, it should be possible to have the forms in the hands of every employer at least one ^eelc before the .ate on which returns should be made. STAJLSY IRVI1JG P OSIER 9854 -102- ESEIBIT C P Y MEMORANDUM September 25, 1933 TO: Robert K. Straus FROM: Stanley Irving Posner SUBJECT: Proposed Mechanics for the Distribution and Return of the Blanket Questionnaire. 1. The distribution of the Blanket Questionnaire as contem- plated at present will be simpler than the distribution of the Presi- dent' s Reemployment Agreement. An envelope addressed to the President at the White House, with" a super- script ion which notes the importance of the message contained in this envelope, will be delivered by mail carriers to every employer and place of. business in the United States. 2. The envelope contains a single carl with a massage from the President and seven simple questions. ."/hen the questions, are answered, the card will be inserted in the same envelope in which it arrived, and deposited in mail boxes. 3. The envelope identified by the super- script ion will be intercepted at Washington, D. C. and delivered to the Census Bureau. 4. The cards will be sorted and returns tabulated at first only for' the forty-eight States and fifteen or twenty large cities with a classification by industries. 5. A letter must be drafted by General Johnson and approved by Postmaster General Farley, which will be sent to the 48,000 Post- masters in the United States. 6. A copy of the questionnaire will be forwarded to the Government Printing Office, and the three million pieces will be com- pleted within a week. The envelope will be furnished through the Post Office Department and will be ready, if the Department is authorized to proceed Monday, within three days of such authorization. 7. The Post Office Department will itself distribute the questionnaire throughout the United States. Present plans are that five 9854 -In- quest ionnai res shall be sent to every fourth c] t Office in tne United States, leaving only 13,000 Post Offices t> whom distribution will be made in a more exact way. Sur ilus su nil s will be kept ; t each District Office of the Department ' "o to be forwarded to Post Offices where the original supplies are inadequate. 8. Notice should be sent immediately to all local N.R.A. Recovery Boards and other "voluntary organizations to discontinue local questionnaires since this National questionnaire is designed to secure the required information en a comparable basis for the entire United States. Stanley Irving Posner. 9854 - 1 A - EXHIBIT D CODE EOR INDUSTRIAL CLASS IE I CATION DIVISION A. AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY, AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY Code _ 001. Agriculture. Cotton growing; or in connection with preparing cotton for market, except ginning, conrpressing and "baling - see 016. .Grain farming. Alfalfa, "barley, "buckwheat , corn, hay, oats, rice, rye, wheat, etc. Horticulture. Growing fruits, flowers, nuts, vegetables; landscape' gardeners, nurserymen. Stock farming. Cattle, hogs, horses, sheep, etc. Bee oulture (apiaries) ; poultry; fur-bearing animals, as foxes; ostrieh farm- ing; silkworm culture; feeding stock for market (not stockyards, see 017) ; dairy farming separating stations creameries (not butter) Other agricultural pursuits. Operating agricultural machinery as as "baling (not. cotton, see 016) ; sheep shearing, threshing, spray- ing; general farming; growing coffee, hemp, hops, medicinal plants, mushrooms, rubber, sugar, tobacco. Lessors or holders of farm lands. 002. Related industries. Eishing. Clams, crabs, fish, nonfood shells, oysters, pearls, sponges; fish hatcheries; oyster culture. Ice harvesting. Natural ice (manufacture of ice not included, see 074) . Other related industries. Maple-sugar camps; hunting or trapping for furs or feathers; seal hunting. (Not inclusing the gathering of naval stores, see 092.) Lessors or holders of timber lands. Bottling spring water. DIVISION B. MINING AND QUARRYING,, 003. Metals (metalliferous mining) . Copper, and extracting processes. Iron and extracting processes. Lead and zinc. All forms of lead — anglesite, bournonite, cerussite, crocoite, galena (lead sulphide), pyromorphite, etc. All forms of zinc — calamine, smithsonite, sphalerite, etc.; extracting processes. Precious metals. Gold, iridium, platinum, silver, etc.; extracting processes. Other metals. Quicksilver (mercury), manganese, vanadium, etc.; extracting processes. 004. Anthracite coal and related activities. 005. Bituminous coal and related activities; lignite, peat, semianthra- cite. 006. Oil (crude petroleum producing). ^ x Producing petroleum or drilling, exploring, or prospering for petroleum. Includes building oil derricks. 9854 - ; >5 - DIVISION 3. MINING AMD QUARRING- ( Continued) Code 007. Other minerals (quarrying and nonmetallic mining). Asbestos, "borax, emery, feldspar, graphite, gypsum, magnestite, mica, sulphur , etc. Clay, gravel, sand; kaolin (porcelain clay); molding sand, oottery clay, silica (quartz), talc, etc.; grading or washing for market. Granite, limestone, marble, rock, sandstone, slate, etc.; stone crushing. Precious and semiprecious stones, amethyst, beryl, diamond, emerald, garnet, jade, ruby, sapphire, topaz, tourmaline, etc. Salt mines, wells; producing or refining salt. Mining or quarrying not elsewhere classified. Lessors' or holders of mining or quarrying property. DIVISION C. CONSTRUCTION 008. Building and construction above ground. (Buildings.) Building by contract — iron, steel, *wood, masonry (cement, concrete, mosaic, stucco, or tile work), carpentering, decorating, glazing, fireproofing, painting, papering, plastering, plaster-board work; tinsrai thing;- roofing work (compound, metal, shingle, slag); sheet— metal work. Installing machinery, and equipment. Carrier, cleaning, fire pro- tection, vacuum or ventilating systems; elevators;' soda fountains; tanks; millwrighting; plumbing, heating, lighting, and electrical contractors. 009. Other construction underground and on surface (not biiildings) . Blasting; caisson work; clearing, grading, or reclaiming lands; excavating for canals, cellars, ditches, trenches, irrigation systems, etc.; laying pipe for gas or sewer systems, waterworks, etc.; constructing levees, reservoirs; laying masonry foundations (other than for buildings) ; drilling wells for gas or water (not including oil, see 005) ; sinking shafts; test boring, tunneling or other mine construction work. ' Moving, razing, or wrecking buildings and sale of material (not including marine wrecking, see 012). Bridge building. Other ' general contracting not allocable to code 008. Waterfront construction. Bulkheads, cofferdams, dams, dikes, drydocks, jetties, marine railways, piers, rigging lofts, wharves; . dredging, piling. Related industries. Cleaning or scaling boilers; cleaning or scraping ships;, cleaning stone buildings by sand blasting or .otherwise; treatment of cement floors to prevent dust. 010. Paving and road building, including railroad beds. 9854 - lye - DIVISION D. TRANSPORTATION AND OTHER PUBLIC UTILITIES • • : ! " ' ;- ■■ : SECTION I. TR,^T3P0 STATION AMD RELATED INDUSTRIES Code Oil. Stearn railroads, or operating leased railroads or railways (not • street or interurban railways.. .(See No. 018) „ Other r-ailroads, : railways, and_ related industries. Belt lines, electric inclined, or logging railways, poultry or stock cars, «' : -M • private. car -lines-'; .dining, parlor, pullman, refrigerator, or tank cars.- Lessors of railroads, or railways. 012. Water transportation „and : related industries. Bay, lake, ocean, river, or sound lines; "barges, ferries; tugs; canals; sluiceways; Doomage, contracting, marine railways, salvaging or marine wrecking; pier leasing; piloting; stevedoring; towing; wharf ing. Lessors of water transportation facilities. 013. Aerial transportation, aviation schools. 014. Auto "bus lines and street railways (where not operated "by electric- light companies, see 018). 015. Taxicabs, auto touring, sightseeing companies, renting cars (with or without drivers) . 016. Cartage and storage. Safe deposit vaults (when not in connection """'with "banking) ; warehouses; cotton "baling., compressing, ginning, ■ shipping, storing, or warehouse packing; dray age or delivery service; freight handling; general merchandise shipping or storing; loading and transporting sand or gravel (not production, see 007) local or long-distance express; teaming, trucking. Other local transportation and related . industries, not elsewhere classified. Chutes, etc., freight subways,, etc. 017. 'Pood storage^- packing (not- meat packing j see 069) , and shipping. Cold storage; grain ; elevators.; < ; toDacco. storage, stockyards; ezs packing; milk shipping.-, -stock feeding... (when not in connection with farming).- ■'•' '<: : .k.Z ;- : \ - ..■ - .■ : ". : . : , ••• ■ .■'•■ SECTION II. OTHER PUBLIC UTILITIES 018. Electric light and power companies, hydroelectric companies. Combinations of electric light, power, and street railways. 'Gas companies; artificial or natural gas. 019. Telephone and telegraph -companies, including mutual companies. 020. Radio Broadcasting companies. 021. Public utilities not elsewhere classified. Burglar or fire alarm stations, pipe lines, . terminal stations, toll bridges, toll roads; garbage- or sewage disposal; irrigation with permanent maintenance; sanitary drainage; steam-heat supply; street cleaning; street light- ing. Water companies. Lessors of other public utilities. 9854 DIVISION E. TRADES SECTION I. WHOLESALE IEADG3 (All concerns trading in large quantities as jODbera or dealera are generally considered whole'sale unless other-vice indicated on the return. -Concerns which are "both wholesale end. retail are 'to be included as wholesale concerns. Wholesale manufacturers are to "be classified in the manufacturing group to which they "belong.) 022. Chemicals, drugs, and allied products, wholesale. Chemicals (industrial), dye stuffs,, dyes,, dry-cleaning supplies, and allied products, explosives, insecticides, naval stores, other chemicals, drugs and drug sundries, patent medicines, rubber goods (druggists'), sanitary supplies, etc. ,-. whisky, other alcoholic beverages, paints, varnishes, lacquers, and enamels; toilet articles, toilet prepara- tions. 023. Dry goods and apparel, wholesale. Clothing and furnishings (men's and boys', whomen' s and' children's; second-hand), furs and fur clothing, hats and caps, hosiery, knit goods, millinery and milli- nery supplies, buttons, gloves, laces and embroideries, notions (general line), tailors trimmings and supplies, cotton goods, gray goods, linens, piece goods (general line) , rayons, silks and vel- vets, woolens and worsteds,, shoes and other footwear, and other dry goods and apparel. 024. Ibod products, wholesale. .Confectionery, soft drinks, butter, cheese, ice cream, milk and cream, eggs, poultry, fish and se.a foods (fresh . and cured),, fruits, produce, vegetables, lard, meats (fresh and cured), meat products, and other food products. . . • 025. Automotive";, wholesale. Automobil.es. (new and used) , motorcycles, . trucks and tractors, automobile .accessories, automobile -equipment, automobile parts (new and used), tires and tubes, and other automo- tive supplies. . : ■; ("'"■ - : 026... Fetroleumv and petroleum products, wholesale. Crude and fuel oil, gasoline and naphthas, lubricating oils and greases, aid other petroleum and petroleun products. 027. All other concerns, wholesale.. Amusement and sporting goods, elec- trical equipment, farm supplies, forest products, furniture and house furnishings, hardware, .iron and steel scrap, jewelry and optical goods, machinery, equipment and supplies, metals and min- erals, paper and paper products, plumbing and heating equipment and supplies, tobacco and tobacco products, and all other commodi- ties not specifically classified, (junk) 028. Commission. — wholesale and/or retail agents. Purchasing, selling, manufacturers: Ticket agents, auctioneers, brokers, commission merchants, factors'. (Not including stock brokers and other finance brokers, see 059.) SECTION II., H3TAIL 029. Groceries, retail. Combination istores, groceries and meats, grocery stores without meats, meat markets, fish markets, sea foods, etc. 9854 H 103 ~ S3CTI0H II. BETAIL (Continued) 030. Other food groups, retail. •'•.•/- Milk dealers, retail. Dairy products 'stores, egg and poultry, milk dealers, "butter and cheese, etc. Others, retail. Delicatessen, bakeries (including the taking of pastery, etc., where the products are sold on the premises), candy and confectionery, nuts, coffee, tea, spice dealers, "bottled soda and beverage dealers. 031. Automotive group, retail.. Motor vehicle dealers, retail. New- and used-car dealers, automo- bile salesrooms, farm-machinery dealers, trucks, tractors, automo- bile bodies, trailers, etc. . Garages. Storage garages, . parking .stations and lots, repair shops, body, fender, and paint shops. ■ . ; Filling 'stations. G-asoline and oil. Others. Automobile accessories, tires and batteries. Aircraft and accessories, boats and accessories, motorcycle and bicycle dealers. 032. Department stores .(with or without food, departments) . 033. Variety, 5— and 10-cent stores, including all limited price stores. 034. Other general merchandise stores. . : Dry-goods and piece-goods' stores. . • - .. General merchandise, army and navy stores, 'women 1 s exchange, etc. Mail-order houses, including mail-order retail stores. 035... -Apparel. '.-••;.._.. /Women* s .ready-to-wear and accessories. Blouses, corsets and lingerie,, furriers, hosiery, knit goods, millinery, . costume ac- cessories-, umbrellas,, etc." ' '•' ... .■••..,. e ■'/•'' Men's and boys' furnishings''. ;; ' 'Clothing', stores',' hats-, furnishings, ■ , : - etc.' !'.•■-';;'..-." ;..•,,. "/ •,''■' ' : '^--.- ' '.. ' ' ,■,'■'■ Shoes.' Men' s, ■women' s,. ,.alict children's. '•:■.,-..■■ Others. ' 'Family^ /clothing 'stores, ' children' s'spe'cialty : -. shops, ,in- , . --f ants' wear, etc. • ( ■, •, ''.' '"■"".•,- 036. Furniture and household. "'"■ Furniture. Furniture, floor coverings, drapery, -curtains, etc. ■■•■ Others. Household appliances,- refrigerators, a luminumw- are, antique dealers, brushes and brooms,' china, •■ glassware, crockery, tinware, enamelware, picture frames, stoves and ranges, lamps, interior -•:••"• decorators, ladders, radio, music stores,, furniture .and undertakers, etc., see also 053. -■■'.' .... 037. Cigar stores and drug stores. " • . 038. Lumber and building materials,- retail... Lumber and building material, lumber and hardware, and roofing dealers, other' retailers of build- ing materials (brick, stone; cement, etc.), electrical shops (with- • •■ • out radio), heating appliance and oil-burner dealers, plumbing shops (heating and ventilating), glass, and mirror shops,- and paint and glass, and hardware stores. : 039. Other retail trade. Book stores, coal and wood, florists, gifts and novelties, jewelry, luggage and leather god ds, news .dealers, office, • •'•", school and store supplies, "opticians and optometrists, sporting goods, scientific and medical instruments, miscellaneous. Feed and grain. • 9854 „ 109 _ DIVISION F. 3E IVICJS SECTION I. DOMESTIC SERVICE Code 040. Laundries. Steaming, dry cleaning, dyein ; (not textile dyein, , see 08l) ; coat or towel service (all bypesi hand laundry, power laundry, etc.). (Hot including tailor shops where cleaning and dyeing is done, see 043.) 041. Hotels, apartment houses, office "buildings - see 050. 042. Restaurants, lunchrooms; cabarets; ice-cream parlors; tea houses; etc.; catering, tap rooms, "beer gardens, etc. 043. Other domestic service, "beauty jparlors; turkish "baths; house or window cleaning; "barters; shoe shining; hat reblocking; shoe repair shops; and tailor shops, including custom tailors. SECT 1 01 J II. AkUSEMENTS 044. Theaters or theatrical organizations, legitimate; vaudeville theaters choruses, etc. ; burlesque. 045. l.iotion-picture producers and film laboratories (not including photographers, or photo finishing, see 053). 046. Motion-picture theaters. 047. Other amusements. Amusement parks; bathing .beaches; billiard or pool rooms; bowling alleys; circuses; county fairs; dancing pavi- lions; golf links; hunting lodges; race tracks (book making) ; recreational camps; roller coasters; shooting galleries; skating rinks; other pleasure resorts. ' SECTION III. PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 048. Curative. Asylums; clinics, clinical laboratories; curative baths, hospitals, sanitariums, X-ray laboratories; chiropodists; chiro- practors; Christian Science practitioners; dentists, dental lab- oratories; electrolyzers, oxodomists, oculists, otologists, osteo- paths, orthopedists, pathologists, physicians, surgeons, veteri- narians, psychiatrists. 049. Educational. Chaut auque s , colleges, educational camps, camp direc- tors; libraries, museums, universities, schools; china painting; artists (including commercial artists), lecturers, musicians, sculptors, translators, tutors, educational foundations, and re- search foundations. 050. Engineering. Scientific or mechanical experimentation or research; prospecting, exploring (not including exploring or prospecting for petroleum, see 005) ; engineers — agricultural, architectural, civil, chemical, consulting, electrical, mechanical, marine, military, mining, or public-utility engineers; draftsmen, inventors, metall- urgists, surveyors. 051. Legal. Liquidating companies (do not confuse with companies in liquidation which are to be ceded for their respective business) ; abstracting; adjusting insolvent estates; conveyancing; searching titles;, administrators, attorneys-in-fact, claim agents, executors, guardians, lawyers, patent attorneys, or solicitors; receivers, trustees. 9854 - 110 - SECTION IV: BUSINESS SERVICE Code 052. Business or corporate management; credit or protection "bureaus; detective bureaus; employment agencies; letter or mailing agencies; mercantile agencies; police patrol of "buildings (watchmen); trade shows; advertising and selling advertising space; "bill posting; equipping and maintaining electrical advertising signs; erecting or painting signs or .billboards; mimeographing, multi graphing, publishing directories, time tables, etc.; supplying press clippings, accountants, actuaries, adjusters, appraisers, auditors, business promoters, collection agents, efficiency engineers, fiscal agents, forwarding or shipping agents, notaries, statisticians, stenographers, typists, theatrical "agents or brokers, trade associations. SECTION V. OTHER SERVICE HOT ELSEWHERE CLASSIFIED 053. Auto camps, boards of trade, chambers of commerce, fraternal organi- zations, sight—seeing tours (not autos, see 015) , social clubs, tr tract societies;, cemeteries, crematories, under taking establishment (under talcing in combination with trade, code for' trade) ; blueprinters, concessionaries' of amusements, cloakroom and refreshments privileges; confidential agents; craftsmen, evangelists,., photographers, technical experts, blacksmiths. ' "_"/'.' '.•'...'. ...... 054. Publications-, services; authors, .cartoonists, fashion writers, illus- trators, freelance writers, newspaper 'syndicates, press associations, editors, proofreaders. DIVISION G. FINANCE. ... . SECTION I. BANKING AND BELATED INDUSTRIES 055. National banks. 056. State Banks; trust companies .(not national)... SECTION II. INSURANCE CCL.iFANIES 057. Life insurance, mutual or stock companies, all companies doing any life-insurance business, including agents. Other insurance. Accident, casualty ,' credit , fidelity and bonding, fire interinsurance, liability, marine, mutual, reciprocal, or title insurance; mutual benefit associations. 'SECTION III. OTHER. FINANCE 053. Loan companies. Building and loan associations; industrial banks (Morris Plan banks); loans on cattle, crops, mortgages, real estate or wages, combinations of loan with investments or savings; note or pawn brokers; commercial-paper brokers; dealers .in acceptances. Savings banks; general banking not elsewhere specified, jointstock land banks, private banks, etc. 059. Stock and bond brokers; curb dealers, investment bankers, investment brokers, investment trusts. 98:54 - Ill - SZCQ . . (0 nt'i Code C6C. Real-estate an i anies* Realty development, f inane- ly ■■ ■ ' cts; . I L] ; or L sine, Including fact >rj property or bn 11 s; realty trusts; real-estate investments; incorporated estates; fi Les; colonization of farm Lj ds; concessions Tor the development of nature resources and for other orivileges grantee 5 by governments; real-estate • ;ents and brokers. • 061. Finance not elsewhere classified. Financial clearing houses; stock exchanges and commodity exchanges; stock syndicates; forei ;n exchange; companies holding f rraulas, patents, securities or stock, licensing ■nts; customhouse brokers; lease brokers; dealers in oil leases or royalties; o.eaiers in rut res — coffee, cotton, sugar, etc. ; financial promoters, financing the retail sale of automobiles, • furniture, pianos, ios, etc. DIVISION H. fcLAFlTACTURIFG sociich i. food afd kifdhld oroD" cts 062. Oeverapes. Root bet.:, ;inger ale, carbonated beverages, coca cola, P'rape juice, etc. (Pot including tomato juice, cranberry juice, or kraut juice, (sec 073), nor the bottling of spring water (see 002), nor v/incs, cordials, or whiskey (see 109).) 063. Cererl ceverapes, Peer and "near beer." 064. Pre- c and other bakery products. Breed, biscuit, crackers, pretzels, Pes, calces, -etc. 06^. Butter. 066. Confectionery (not including cocolate and cocoa products, see 074). Candies of all kinds, stick licorice, corn calls, salted nuts, etc. 067. Flour and other grain ...ill 3i~oducts (not including feeds, prepared, for animals r nc fowls, see 074). './heat, corn, rye, buckwheat, rice, and barley, flour and meal, cracked corn, shorts, middlings, feed for livestock, etc. OSd. Ice cream. Water ices, s r 'emerts, chocolate covered, ice cream, etc. 059. Heat Packing. This classification covers establishments enpeged in both slaughtering cattle, hogs, sheep, or other animals and preserv- ing all or a jart of the raw stock Op canning, seltinp, smoking, or otherwise . curing it for the trace; establishments which purchase raw stock from slau hterhouses and preserve it; -includes lard. 070. Sugar, beet. 071. Sugar refining, cane. This classification embraces establishments engaged wholly or mainly in refining raw cane sugar, practically all of which is imported. 072. Canning and preserving; Fish., crabs, shrimps, oysters, and clams. Canned, pickled, smoked, and dried fish, and canned crabs, lobsters, shrimps, oysters, and clams. (hoes not cover establishments engaged solely in shucking oysters, see 002.) 073. Canning arm ire^ervinp: Fruits end vegetables; pickles, jellies, preserves, and saucr.,'. Canned and preserved fruits ark. vegetables; processed, and dried, fruits one. ve ;etables; orestrves, jellies, pickles, sauces, crossings, catsup, prepared mustard, etc. 9854 _t I Lt~ SFCTIOT! I. POOD Aim KIKDRED PRODUCTS (Continued) Code 074. All other food products. Cereal preparations. Cereal "breakfast foods, hominy, cracked wheat, rolled oats, hulled corn, self-rising flour, cereal, coffee substi- tutes, etc. Coffee and spice, roasting and grinding. Corn sirup, corn sugar, corn oil, and starch. Corn sirup; corn sugar; corn, "wheat, potato, and root starch; corn oil; corn oil cake and meal; etc. Cheese. Condensed and evaporated milk. Condensed milk, evaporated milk, powdered milk, sugar of milk; dried casein (not plastic) . Chewing gum. Chocolate and cocoa products, not including confectionery. Chocolate, cocoa, cocoa "butter, broma, and other products of the nut of the cocoa tree. Peeds, prepared, for animals and fowls. Peeds prepared from ground grain and other ingredients such as alfalfa, molasses, bone meal, etc.; ground oyster shells. Flavoring extracts and flavoring sirups. Flavoring extracts, pastes, and powders; colors for "bakers and confectioners; flavoring sirups; crushed fruits for soda-fountain use. Pood preparations, not elsewhere classified. All food preparations for human consumption which are not classifiable in any of the other- industries in the group. Blended and compounded sirups for table use; peanut butter; preparations such as mincemeat, potato chips, and plum and fig puddings; malted-milk products; ice-cream cones, etc. Ice manufactured. Ice manufactured for sale. Shortenings (other than lard, see 069), vegetable cooking oils, and • salad oils. Shortenings compounded of "both animal and vegetable oils and fats and those made of vegetable oils only; vegetable cooking oils and vegetable salad Oils. Macaroni, spaghetti, vermicelli, and noodles. Malt. Malt, made chiefly from barley but to some extent from other grains. Oleomargarine and other margarines, not made in meat-packing establish- ments. Peanuts, walnuts, and other nuts, processed or shelled. Bleached and shelled walnuts; polished pecans; graded and shelled, peanuts; etc. Poultry killing, dressing, and packing, wholesale. Rice cleaning and polishing. Sausage, meat puddings, headcheese, etc., and sausage casings, not made in meat-packing establishments. Sugar, cane, not including products of refineries. This classification covers all establishments engaged primarily in the manufacture of sugar (raw or refined), molasses, and sirups, from cane. Vinegar and cider. 9854 - HZ - SECTION II. TT.TILS3 AND IHEIB PBODUCTS 075. Carpets and r^s, wool, other than rag. Carpofcs and rugs made chiefly of wool, and nsu: 11 y with a jute, cotlon, or linen back. This in- dustry does not include ".••. mam fact-ore of rag, cotton, or jute car- pets and rugs, or floor coverings of grass or reeds. 076. Clothing (including work clothing except shirts, see 083), men's youths', end'boyo : not elsewhere classified. 077. Clothing, women's, not alrewhere classified. Women's, misses', girls', end infants' suits, dresses, coats, cloaks, skirts, blouses, shirt- waists, undergarments, petticoats, scarfs (except knitted), neck- wear, etc. 078. Corsets and allied garments. Corsets, "brassieres., "bandeaux, combina- tions, girdles, corset stays, etc. 079. Cottojc goods. All kinds oV plain and fancy woven fabrics, in the piece or otherwise; cotton felts; and yarn, thread, 'cotton waste for sale. 080. Cotton small wares. Narrow woven fabrics, ahyeihg and finishing textiles*. Bleaching, dyeing, printing, merceriz- ing, spooling, warping,- winding (except silk and rayon warping and winding), etc., piece goads, yarn, stock, etc., of cotton, wool, silk, or other textile fiber. 082. Furnishing goods, men's, not elsewhere classified. Neckwear; belts; other then leather; hath robes; lounging garments; sleeping garments; underwear ; etc, 083. Men's shirts and collars. Shirts of cotton, linen, wool, silk, rayon, etc., shirt bosom-., and shirtwaists for men and boys; work shirts. 084. Hats, fur— felt. Stiff and soft hats and hat bodies' made chiefly from hatters' fur, for men, women, and children, 085. Knit goods.. ' Hosiery, underwear,, outerwear, kniii cloth, and all other machine— knit 1 goods. - 086. Millinery. Trimmed hats, including felt hats made from purchased bodies; women's straw hr J -s - hat frames; millinery trimmings (far sale as such); infants' heriwear; etc, 087. Silk end rayon manufactures* (a) Manufacture of finished products; Broad silks i;all-silk, all- rayon, silk—mixed, mid ~ayon— mixed goods) ,' velvets, plushes, "up- holstery, tapestries, ribbons, veils, veilings, braids, bindings, trimmings, machine twist, etc., sewing, embroidery, and other floss silks. (b) Throwing, winding, and warping of silk and rayon, and the spinning of silk and rayon waste. 088. T.'oolen and worsted goods. All kinds of wown fabrics (except woven fel+?), in the piece or otherwise, braids, webbing, cords, etc., and yarns and waste for sale. 9854 ~ 114 - SECTION II.' TEXTILES USD' TESTS. PPJPUGTS (Continued) Code 089. All other textiles and their products. Artificial leather. All hinds of artificial or imitation leather, regardless of method of manufacture, materials, or use of finished product. Asphalted~£e , lt~ba.S3 floor covering. , Awnings - ,, tents, sails, and canvas covers. Bags, other than paper, not made in t oxtile mills. Meal hags, salt "bags, gunny or jute "bags, and all other Dags made from materials other than paper. Belting. .other than leather and rubber, not made in textile mills. . Carpets and rugs, rag. Clothing, men's, buttonholes. Cloth, sponging and refinishing. Sponging and refinishing cloth on contract. (_TMs classification must not be confused wi th." dyeing and finishing textiles.") Cordage and twine.. Rope, cable, cordage, twine, binder .twine, fish line, etc., braided or twisted, made from hemp, .flax, cotton, manila, jute, paper, and other fiber. Embroideries. Schiffli embroideries and burnt-out laces; bonnaz and other hand-machine embroideries; hand embroideries. Felt goods, wool, hair, or jute, felt goods made .of wool, hair, or jute, woven or made by the needle— loom process or by heat, moisture, and pressure. Flags and banners. Flax and hemp, dressed. Removal of seeds, dross, etc.,: and prepara- tion of raw flax and hemp for factory use. Gloves and mittens, cloth or cloth and leather combined, made from purchased fabrics. Haircloth. Handkerchiefs. Hat and cap materials, men's. Hatters' fur, sweatbands, visors, linings, bindings, trimmings, tip printing, etc. Hats and caps,, except fur-felt and straw, men's. (Straw hats, see 167; fur-felt hats, see 084..) Hats, wool-felt. Men's, women's, and children's hats and hat bodies, the chief materials of which are wool, wool noils, wool shoddy, etc. Horse blankets, fly nets, and related products. Horse blankets made from purchased fabrics, saddle cloths, fly nets, sweat pads, etc. House- furnishing goods, not elsewhere classified. Comfortables, piano covers and scarfs, carpet linings, mosquito canopies, port- ieres, draperies, slip covers of every kind, cushions (except spring cushions), hassocks, pillow shams, carpet sweepers, pillows, quilts, mops, pincushions, clotheslines (put up from purchased line) , and other house- furnishing goods not covered by separate classifications. Jute goods. Bagging for baling cotton; carpets and rugs, webbing, yarns, twine, etc. 9854 11! ■ SECTION II. TEXTILE , KD TH3IB 1 IODUOTS (Continued) Code 089. Lace goods. All lace-machine products, such es Nottingham lace Curtains and nets, levers, laces, bobbinets, lace bedspreads, panels, and other pieces, barmen laces, etc. Linen goods. Crash, towels, toweli n . :• and other linen and cotton- and-linen mixed fabrics; t arris, thread, etc., in which the material of chief value is flex. Linoleum. Plain, printed, and inlaid linoleum, and a form of lino- leum known as "cork carpet". Mats and matting, grass and coir. Door mats, floor mattings, art squares, rugs, and carpets, made from' such materials as wire grass, reeds, and cori (cocoa fiber). Nets (fish) and. seines. Seines and other fish nets. Oilcloth. Table, wall* shelf, stair, and enameled oilcloth. Regalia, robe;), vestments, and badges. Regalia, collegiate and judicial robes, gowns, and capes; church vestments; badges; lodge paraphernalia, etc. Wool pulling. Detaching wool from sheepskins. Wool securing. Scouring, sorting, and carbonizing wool. Wool shoddy. Recovered wool fiber, known as "shoddy" "mungo," "flocks" (the result of shearing cloth), and "wool extract," mode from rags, waste, noils, tailors' clippings, etc. Suspenders, garters, and. other elastic woven goods, made from pur- chased webbing. Trimmings (not made in textile mills) and stamped art goods for embroidering. I>ress and coat trimmings, millinery trimmings, tuc kings-, pleatings, hemstitching, bias bindings, crochet goods, stamped art goods for embroidering, etc. Upholstering materials, not elsewhere classified. Chiefly materials for filling or stuffing upholstery, such as curled hair, moss, and tow. This classification does not cover the manufacture of uphol- stery fabrics nor of upholstery hardware, springs, etc. Waste. Cleaning or otherwise preparing waste of cotton or other fiber by use of picker or similar machine, and production of wiping rags, oakum, etc. SECTION III FOREST PRODUCTS 090. Furniture (including store and office fixtures). All classes of wood and metal furniture, including hammocks, store and office fixtures, show cases, display cases, wall cases, and cabinets. Sewing machine cases, cabinets, and tables are classified in this industry. 091. Lumber and timber products, not elsewhere- classified. Logging camps, producing logs, bolts, and rough timber products, such as hewn cross- ties, poles, posts, mine timbers, wheel and hand. le stock, excelsior stock, etc.; sawmills, producing rough lumber, laths, shingles, staves, heading, hoops, veneer stock, veneers, and other products from legs and bolts. Planing-mill products (including general millwork) , not made in plan- ing mills connected with sawmills. Dressed, lumber, sash, doors, blinds, moldings, panels, wood, mantels, brackets, stair work, door and window fronts, and all classes of general millwork. 9854 - 11-i ~ 092. Turpentine pnd resin. Spirit? of turpentine and rosin made "by dis- tillation of the resinous exudation of the pine tree. (Naval strres.) 093. All other forest product's. Baskets and rattan and willow -'are, not including furniture, bas- kets of all kinds, including fruit and "berry "baskets and "boxes; coffee drums, laundry hampers; and, in general, small articles made of veneer, reed, rattan, and willow. (Rattan and willow furniture is classified under "Furniture".) Billiard and pool tables, bowling alleys, and accessories. Billiard, pool, and bagatelle tables, billiard cues and chalk, pool pockets, cue tips, pool balls, bO"ling alleys, bowling-alley accessories, etc. Boxes, wooden. Wooden boxes and cases; box shocks; trunk slats; erates for butter, fruits, berries, and vegetables; cases for eggs and canned goods; carrier trays; wooden storage-battery boxes; fancy boxes of - f ocd covered pith cretonne, silk, cigar boxes, etc. Gaskets, coffins, burial cases, and other morticians' goods. Caskets ?nc. coffins, whether of ir eod or of metal; burial cases, shipping cases; morticians' supplies and accessories, such as burial gar- . ments', gloves and slippers - , casket linings and draperies, ambu- lance baskets, doer draperies, lowering devices, couches, embalm- ing tables and embalming fluids. Ocopera-ge. Casks, kegs, tierces, barrels, hogsheads, wooden tubs, tanks, vats, and similar containers made of staves. (Staves, head- ing, and hoops — the cooperage stock — are products of the "Lumber . . and timber products" industry, see 091). Cork products. Bottle corks, life preservers, cork board for insu- lation, cork tips-, and other articles made of cork. Excelsior. Excelsior and excelsior pads, wrappers, etc. L^sts and related products. Lasts for boots and shoes, shoe- trees, shoe stretchers,' display forms for boots and shoes, etc. Matches. Mirror and picture' frames. Frames and finished picture moldings, chiefly of cod, for mirrors, pictures, photographs, and medallions. Pulp goods and mo'lded composition products. Vulcanized fiber; pro- ducts pressed or molded from vulcanized fiber, from plastic composition (phenolic resins and similar plastics), from asphalt compositions, and from pulp. Refrigerators and refrigerator cabinets, exclusive of mechanical re- frigerating equipment. Refrigerators, ice boxes, and refrigerator show cases, counters, and cabinets; water coolers; cabinets for me- chanical refrigerators made for sale as such. This classification does not cover, mechanically— operated (electric) and heat-operated re- frigerating equipment or units for commercial or household use, which are classified in the "Refrigerators, mechanical" industry, 'see 155; nor ice-making machinery for use in ice factories, which is classi- fied in the "Foundry and machine-shop products" industry, see 149. TJindo- 1 and door screens and weather • strip, '..'indow screens, door screens, and weather strip, irrespective of the material used. Wood preserving- Treatment cf wood to prevent decay and for pro- tection against fire, worms, etc. V.'cod turned and shaped and other wooden goods, not elsewhere classi- fied. Bobbins, bowls, bongs, brush blocks, dowels, handles, mar- quetry, cars, rollers, rolling pins, spools, pibker sticks for 9854 - 117 - Icons, and u ther turned and shaped '.coder, articles and -rood car- ings; also miscellaneous articles such as i r coden dishes, trays meat "boards, toothpicks, washboards, clothespins, ironing "boards and tables, grain measures, tailors' pressing "blocks, flagpoles, masts and soars, ladders, etc. SECTION IV. RSPER AND ALLIED FRODUCTS 094. Boxes, paper, not elsewhere classified. Plain and metal-edged "boxes, made of paper, ne^sboard, or cardboard, for confectionery, millinery, cigarettes, lunches, druggists' preparations, silver- rare, etc. 095. Pulp (wood and other fiber.) Wood pulp, mechanical and chemical; other pulp. Establishments making weed flour are classified in this industry. Paper. All kinds of paper and paper boards, such as newsprint, book, cover, writing, wrapping, tissue, absorbent, and building papers. Ccnverted-paper products made in paper mills are to be included in this classification. An independent factory making cmverted-paper products- should be given its specific classifi- cation, most of which fall under 096, 096. All other paper products. Bags, paper,- exclusive of those made in paper mills. (See 095.) •Cardboard, not made in paper mills. Card cutting and designing. Jewelers' cards; index cards for office and library cabinets; Jacquard cards; fancy cards; stencil cards for addressing machines; photograph mats, mounts, and folders; cardboard panels and foundations; etc. Envelops. Paper goods, not elsewhere classified. Crepe paper; surface- coated paper; glazed, waxed, oiled, waterproof, and corrugated paper; tar, fly, and toilet paper; paper lace, cigarette paper; playing cards, confetti; milk-bottle caps, etc. (Not including paper patterns see. 097.) tfall paper. Establishments engaged chiefly in designing patterns and printing paper to cover interior walls and ceilings. (The paper itself, designated as "hanging paper'', is made in paper mills. ) SECTION 'V. PRINTING, PUBLISHING,' AND ALLIED INDUSTRIES 097. Printing and publishing, bock and job. Establishments engaged primarily in (a) job printing; (b) printing and publishing bocks and pamphlets; (c) publishing, but not printing, books and pamphlets; (d) linotype 'work or typesetting; (e) printing paper patterns, fashion plates, etc.; (f) labels and tags. 098. Printing and publishing, newspaper and periodical. Establishments engaged primarily in preparing, printing, and publishing, or in • prep ring- and publishing but not printing newspapers and periodi- cals. Seme of these establishments also do job printing; but establishments engaged primarily in job printing should be classi- fied under Printing and publishing, book and job. 9354 - 1 1 B "~ SECTION V. FEINTING-, ? T J3LISTII1T&, AND ALLIED mTSTHISS (CONT'D) 099. All other printing and publishing no all tea industries. Bookbinding and bland-hook making. Bookbinding and blank- hook making; embossing; book gilding; o:-er ruling; paper^.cuttintj, card, hook, and. paper edging; card beveling and bronzing; sample-card- mounting; etc. Engravers' materials. Copper, zinc, steely and ether metal -plates for engravers' use;, wood blocks for use in wood- engraving and jhoto- engraving; ..lithographic stories; etc. Engraving (other thah^ steel, -.copperplate, or wood), chasing, etching, and die sinking (not including hand stamps; and 'stencils sncl brands; see 167). Engraving, chasing, and etching on '.jewelry end silverware, notarial .seals, fancy metals, etc. , for purposes other than printing; die-sinking. ' ' ' ■ - ' ■■.. Engraving, steel, copperplate, and wood v ; and pl'gte printing. Engraving end etching on steel -and cooper plates and printing, from such plates. Lithographing. Establishments engaged -..rimarily in oho to- lit no graphing, .in lithographing on paper,, tin, etc. ,- and in drawing or transferring . 'designs or preparing stones. or plates used, in lithographingi Photoh'graving, not done. .in printing-establishments. Photogravures and similar transfer work. Printing materials (not including ink,-; see 10&). Composing rules and sticks, mallets, planes, chases, quoins-, type cases', galleys, printers' rollers, blocks, plate hooks, locking devices, etc. Printing and publishing, music 1 .! hooks of music anc" sheet music. St ero typing .and electro typing, not aone in printing establishments. T yp e f oun cl i-ng. T yp e , bras - ; nil e s , ■ he a d s , slugs , etc. SECTION VI. ; CulJCALS AND 'ALLIED PEODFCTS 100. Chemicals, not elsewhere classified. All chemicals except those, pro ducecl "in industries such' as those specified below are .grouped under seven 'heads, . namely; (l) Acids. (II) Nitrogen compounds', including 'aiffi-io'ni urn-. and cyrno^en compounds. (ill) Sodium compounds, (IV) Potassium compounds, including potash .-'■. from original sources; ( V).. Cpal-ftar --'erudes, intermediates, and finished coal-tar products- ( dyes,, color' lakes, photographic chemicals, medicinals, flavors, perfume materials, Synthetic tanning materials, phenolic resins, etc.). (Vl) General inorganic compounds, in- cluding -alums . and the various salts anc. compounds of metals (antimony, arsenic, copper, gold, . iron, etc..) , rare earths, etc. (VIl) General organic compounds such as arriyl, butyl, and. Methyl acetates; acetone; butyl and other alcohols,- not -including ethyl alcohol nor methanol (wood alcoho produced by the distillation -of wood; carbon chemicals (bisulphide, tetrachloride, etc. ); ether; . ethylene .glycol; ethyl chloride; glycerin; casein, pyroxylin, and other plastic's^ ■ t'etraethyl lead; vanillin, etc. 101. 'Druggists' preparations, • Serums, _ vaccina sj anc": toxins; capsules (filled or empty), tablets, pills, tinctures, medicinal plasters, cough sirups, ointments, and other pharmaceuticals. 102. Explosives (not including ammunition and detonating caps, etc. , which are included in all other chemical products see 109).- Blasting powder, gunpowder (black)., nitroglycerin, dynamite, guncotton or pyroxylin, smokeless powder, fulminating: mercury, permissible explosives, etc. 9854 SECflON VI. CHELTCALS AI-ID ALLI3D PRODUCTS (COITT'D) 103. Fertilizers. Superphosphates from minerals, bone:;, etc.; ammoniated fertilizers, complete fertilizers, fish scrap, etc. 104. Oil, cake, and meal cottonseed. Cottonseedoil, cither crude or refined, and such byproducts i ' i L and eke, hulls, linters, and grabbots. 195. Prints and varnishes. Golors -and pigments; saints in oils, ready- mixed paints, water paints, kalsomine, stains, fillers, outty, varnishes, japans, lacquers, etc. 106. Rayon and allied products. Rayon and allied products in yarn, in sheet, or in other form. Rayon textiles are classified under Silk and rayon manufactures. 107. Soap. Hard, soft, cake, bar, powdered, liquid, and other soaps, and shaving creams- 108. Petroleum refining. 109. All other chemicals and allied products. Alcohol, ethyl, and distilled liquors. Ethyl or grain alcohol, in- cluding denatured wines, cordials, and whisky. Ammunition and related products. Ammunition for small arms and artillery; also fuzes, blasting, and detonating caps, miners' squibs, naval and railroad torpedoes, fog and danger signals, etc. (Dynamite and other explosives for agricultural use and "cartridges" for use in oil wells are classified under Explosives, see 102. Baking powders, yeast, and other leavening compounds.- Blacking, stains, and dressings. Blackings, waxes, stains, dress- ings, and polishes for leather, boots and shoes, harness, and belt- ing; stove polish; burnishing inks; dressings for automobile tops, etc. Bluing. Laundry bluing, soluble and liquid, aniline blue, etc., made principally from indigo and Prussian blue. Bone black, carbon black, and lampblack. Candles. Candle's made of spermaceti, paraffin, wax, tallow, stearine, etc. _ , Cleaning and polishing -••> reparations . Preparations for cleaning and polishing furniture, floors, wall yaper, gloves, and other, wearing apparel, metal ware, raid cars; automobile body -polish; print and var- nish removers; rust and stain removers; washing, ironing, sweeping, and scouring -compounds;' laundry tablets; floor wax; eyeglass and wind- shield cleaners; copper cloth; steel wool, etc. Coke, not including gas-house coke. Compressed and liquefied gases". Acetylene (when sold in containers), chlorine, hydrogen, nitrous oxide (laughing gas), oxygen, sulphur di- oxide, and other gases, compressed, and liquefied. Drug grinding. Establishments engaged in grinding drugs of all kinds, sometimes known as "drug millers." Fireworks- Display fireworks of all kinds, such 'as air and toy torpedoes, bombs, shells, wheels, torches, rockets, colored fire sparkles, and firecrackers. Fuel: Briquettes. Briquettes and boulets made from anthracite culm, bituminous slack, peat, etc., mixed with tar or pitch as a binder; charcoal briquettes; powdered fuel. G-lu.c and gelatin. Glue (flexible ?nd liquid), gelatin, and glue jelly or paste, derived from hides, fleshings, and fish. Ink, printing. Printing- and lithographing inks. Ink, writing. Writing ink and fluids, idelible ink, etc. Lubricating oils and greases, not made in petroleum refineries. Lubricating oils, not made in petroleum refineries; axle grease and 9354 other hard and soft lubricating greases. ~1-2G~ SECTION VI. CHELICALS AID ALLIED PRODUCTS (CONT'D) Mucilage, Paste, and other adhesives. Oil, cake, and meal, linseed. Linseed oil, made from flaxseed, and such "byproducts as flaxseed cake and meal. Oils, essential. Volatile oils from plants, such as peppermint, spearmint, sassafras, Y.'intergreen, clove, lemon, aniseed, bergrmot, lavender, oran ; ;e, patchouli, witch hazel, etc. Oils, not elsewhere classified. Castor oil, coconut oil, peanut oil, fish oils, etc. Patent or proprietary medicines and coTimounds. -perfumes, cosmetics, and other toilet preparations*. Cologne, toilet water, face powders, ■w-". he s' and lotions, hair tonics, shin emollients, tooth— Taste powder, hay rum, etc. Tanning materials, natural dyes tuffs, mordants and assistants, and sizes. Oak, chestnut, -hemlock, and other tanning extracts- chrome tannage and other- 'tanning materials; natural dye stuffs, of logwood, fustic, quercitron, etc. ; mordants, such as tannic acid, iron liquor, etc., assistants and sizes- Wood distillation and charcoal -manufacturing. SUCTION VII. PRODUCTS OP PETROLEUM AliD COAL (COIDINED V7IIH CHEMICALS) (products of petroleum and coal, usually classified in the Census of Manu- factures as group VII, are combined -with group VI in this classification.) SECTION VIII. BUHBSB PRODUCTS 110. .Loots and shoes, rubber. Rubber boots; overshoes of rubber or of textile and rubber; canvas shoes ■ with robber soles. 111. Rubber goods other than -tires, inner tubes, and boots and shoes. (See also suspenders, garters, and other elastic-woven goods, see 089.) Rubber belting and hose; Lalata belting; rubberized fabrics and cloth; druggists 1 and stationer's 1 sundries, such as rubber brushes, rubber braids, rubber type, etc.; rubber mats; hard-rubber goods; rubber heels and soles; etc. 112. Rubber tires and inner tubes. Pneumatic tires and inner tubes for motor vehicles, motor cycles, bicycles, etc.; solid- and cushion- rubber tires for trucks and other vehicles. SUCTION IX. LEATHER AID ITS lANUPACTUPURS, ' 113- Boots and shoes* other than rubber. 114. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. 115. All other leather products. Belting, leather. All kinds of leather belting, used for the trans- mission of power. Boots and shoe cut stool:. Not made in boot and shoe factories. Soles', tips, heels, top lifts, inner soles, uppers, etc. Boot and shoe findings, not made in boot and shoe factories. Shoe pegs, bows, clasos, stays, metal tips and heelplates, toe caps, buckles, boot and shoe laces, heel caps, rands, stamples, counters, shanks, wooden heels, shoe trimmings, etc. Cloves and mittens, leather, hen's, boys, women's, and children's leather gloves and mittens, lined and unlined. Leather goods, not elsewhere classified. Miscellaneous, leather products not classified in "other industries; for examples, belts 9854 ' •- S30TI0H I • • - ,D) (for wear on bhft -ner.g >n.)', , . for lu & "• ;!; - ;e; doc furnishings; ci ;ar i id bl -arot.t , ' lity cases, l:oy cases, and leather check-book cove ; >e ; embossed- leather and burnt-leather goods; leather -washers, razor strops, etc. Pocketbooks, ourses, • i ■■■ ■■ dorses. ocketboolcs , bill folds, card- cases, coin curses, women l s :mrse-hs d-bags, etc. Saddlery and a . ■ Saddlery i 'ts, barness and partSj halters, horse boots, turf goods, feed bags, etc. Trunks, suitcases, and bags; SZCTICiJ X. 'STOEE, CLAY; AiJD G/LASS PBCOUCTS 116. Cement. Portland' cement, hydraulic, fireproof, and slag cement, etc. 117. Gipss- All types of sheet glass for building and other purposes, pressed and blown glass, and glass containers. Products made of purchased gl iss are -classified under Mirror's and other glass pro- ducts made of purchased glass, -see 121. 113. Marble, granite, slate,' and other stone products, Monuments., tomb- stones, and other articles for cemetery uses; roofing slate, slate blackboards, nd other slate vork; builders' end plumbers' marble, granite, and other' stone work; soao stone vork; all other stone work (exceot millstones, grindstones, pulp stones, and hones and whet- stones, see 121) . 119. Pottery, including porcelain ware. Stoneware, red earthenware, white ware, china, bone china, delft, Belleek ware, sanitary ware, etc. 120. Clay products (other than tottery) and nonclay refractories. Products, (except pottery)' of baked or burnt clay, such as brick, building and vail' tile, drain-tile, and similar commodities; re- fractories of materials other than clay; crucibles, both, of clay and of other materials. 121. All other stone, clay, and glass -products * Abrasive wheels, stones," paper, .' and 'cloth, and related products. Abrasive grinding '.'heels; artificial abrasive sticks, stones, and bricks; oilstones, scythestohes, and other whetsones, hones, and rubbing stones, either artificial or from natural stone; abrasive paper and cloth; buffing and polishing wheels. Asbestos products, .steam packing and pipe and boiler covering. - Asbestos building materials,' such as roofing, sheathing, siding, and flooring; other asbestos products, sue": as table mats and pads, holders for flatirons, packing for ice boxes and refrigerating cars, antifriction facings and linings, 1 and insulating material. China firing and decorating, not done in potteries. China firing and decorating for the, trade. Concrete products. Building blocks, building trimmings, cement roofing tile, etc., and other articles, such as laundry tubs, burial vaults, etc. , -manufactured from a combination of stone or gravel and sand, with cement. Graphite, ground ''and refined. The extraction from the ore and the re- fining of granhite (plumbago or black lead). Lime . Minerals and earths', ground or otherwise treated. Ground or pulverized earths, rocks, and minerals, such as emery, flint, barytes, manganese, chalk, talc, feldspar, sandstone, kaolin, mica, fuller's earth, pumice slate, etc. ■ .'OO^: - 122 - SECTION X. STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS (CONT'D) Mirrors and other glass products made of purchased glass. Mirrors, framed and unframed; cut, "beveled, "bent, and engraved glass; stained an ornamented glass; scientific glass apparatus for laboratories, hospitals, druggists, etc.; watch crystals; laminated glass, etc. Sand-lime brick. Brick made from a combination of sand and lime. Statuary and art goods (except concrete). Statuary, vases, urns, brackets, flower boxes, fountains, plaques, mantels, columns, panels, moldings, pedestals, ornamental plaster work, architectural sculp- tures, small images, scagliola, and' papier-mache articles. Fall plaster, wall board, insulating board, and floor composition. Gypsum plasters, such as unf ibered. neat plaster and sanded, fibered, gauging, finish, molding, casting, pottery, foundry, terra cotta, dental, and plate-glass plaster; other ready-mixed plasters, such as magnesite and portland-cement stucco; plastic paints and other ornamental plasters for interior decoration; gypsum wall board and other wall boards not made in paper mills; insulating board not made in paper mills; floor composition; etc. SECTION XI. IRON AND STEEL AND THEIR PRODUCTS, NOT INCLUDING MACHINERY Code 122. Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets, not made in plants operated in connection with rolling mills. 123. Cast-iron pipe and fittings. , Cast-iron gas, water, soil, and other cast-iron pipe and fittings, including cast— iron screw fittings. 124. Cutlery (not including silver and plated cutlery, see 140 ) and edge tools. Implements, which have a cutting edge, typical examples of which are knives, razors, scissors, shears, augers, gimlets, planes, .meat choppers,- axes, and hatchets. Does not include silver, nickel- silver, and plated table cutlery, which is classified under "Silver- ware- and plated ware." 125. Porgings, iron and steel, not made in plants operated in connection with steel works or rolling mills. Light and heavy drop and steam- hammer forgings, such as chains, . anchors, axles, car wheels, frogs, etc. 126. Hardware not elsewhere classified. 127. Steel works, rolling mills, and blast furnaces. Establishments engaged in the manufacture of steel or in the rolling of hot iron and steel. Products include steel ingots and direct steel castings; rolled iron and steel, such as rails, splice bars, rail joints, bars and rods, tin-plate bars, wire rods, structural shapes, hoops, bands, and cotton ties; plates and sheets, including black plates and sheets for tinning; nail and tack plates; car axles, rolled and hammered; car wheels; armor plate; gun forgings, etc. 128. Plumbers supplies, not including pipe or vitreous-china sanitary ware. Bath and laundry tubs ( enamel ed-iron) , bathroom and laundry equip- ment and fittings of all descriptions except vitreous china and semi- vitreous or porcleain (all-clay) plumbing fixtures, which are classi- fied under "Pottery" (see 119); kitchen and pantry sinks, range boilers flush valves, faucets, pipe hangers, and kindred products. 9854 - 123 - SECTION XI. 13011 AID STEEL AND THEIH I tODUCTS, NOT INCLUDING MACHINERY (CONT'D) Code 129. Steam and hot-water heatin ; ar bus and steam fittings. Hot-water and steam heatin apparatus, radiators, valves, gagesi coils, thermostats, etc. 130. Stoves and ranges (other bhan electric) an i .-air furnaces. All heating and cooking appliances using coal, gas, oil, or other fuel. These include, among others, heating and cooking stoves, rangesi and furnaces; gas fireplaces, logs, and grates; gas and oil water heaters; hot-water tanks; gas pressing irons, hot plates, soldering furnaces, etc.; Bunsen "burners. 131. Structural and ornamental metal work, not made in plants operated in connection with rolling mills. 132. Tin cans and other tinware, not elsewhere classified. Packers' cans, plain and decorated tin cans, pails, "boxes, and packages; milk cans and ice—cream cans; steam cookers, "boilers, and household and cooking utensils; and other tinware not elsewhere classified. Stamped tin- ware is 'classified under "Stamped ware, enameled ware, etc.", see 142. 133. Tools, not including edge tools, machine tools,, files, or saws. Hand tools of a more general character than cutlery, saws, files, etc., which are assigned to special classifications. Among the products of this. industry are hammers, wrenches, pliers, screw drivers, etc.; hoes, rakes, ' shovels, and forks; picks and mattocks; levels; soldering irons; and a variety of special tools used "by v jewelers, plumbers, stonecutters, ironworkers, etc. 134. Wirework, not elsewhere classified (see also Mattresses and bed • springs (see 167); wire, drawn from purchased bars or rods). Pro- ducts made of purchased wire,,, among which •■•.are wovenfencing, : screen, and wire cloth; barbed wire 'and wire rope and. cable; wire springs; and a variety of small wire articles- such as baskets, bird cages, traps, clothes hooks and" hangers, and many other devices and con- '• veniences. (Wire nails and spikes are- classified under "Nails, spikes, etc.", see 135.) 135. All other iron and steel products, not including machinery. Doors, shutters, and window* sash and'" frames, molding, and trim,' : metal. Piles. The manufacture and recutting of file?, and rasps. Pirearms. Rifles, shotguns, revolvers, pistols, stocks, parts, etc. G-alvanizing "and other coating, not done in plants operated in con- nection with rolling mills. Galvanizing or coating sheet steel or iron or formed products with zinc; coating sheet steel or iron ■or formed products "with aluminum and lead; retinning cans and utensils. Nails, spikes, etc.,' not made in wire mills or in plants operated in connection with rolling mills. Safes and vaults. Safes and vaults, safe— deposit boxes and chests, vault doors and linings, safe, and vault locks, etc. Saws. Screw-machine products and wood screws. Machine -screws and a great variety of special'- parts (most of which are threaded) made on "screw machines", and wood screws. 9854 - 124 - SECTION XI. IRON AND STEEL AM) 3HEI-B PRODUCTS, HOT INCLUDING mGEimg?'- (CONT'D) Code 135. Springs, steel, except wire, not made in plants operated in conhec- t ' tion with, rolling mills. Leaf springs — railway, mo tor- vehicle, carriage, wagon, etc. ; hot-wound springs, railway, and other; flat • springs, coiled. (Does not include the manufacture of light coiled springs, which' are products of the "Wirework, not elsewhere classi- fied", industry, see 134.) Steel "barrels, kegs j and drums. Portable iron and steel barrels, kegs, and drums, for shipping' and s tor age purpose. Wire, drawn from purchased "bars or rods. Wrought pipe, welded and heavy riveted, not made in plants operated in connection with rolling mills. Wrought welded pipe and "boiler tubes; clinched, brazed, and heavy' riveted pipe. SECTION XII. NOIFEHitOUS METALS AND.THElH PRODUCTS 136. Aluminum manufactures. \" Aluminum castings, bars, plates, and sheets; aluminum ware, such as kitchen utensils and household appliances (except electric); a'n'd other aluminum goods, such as specialties, airplane parts, engine and machine parts, etc. (The extraction of aluminum from the ore is classified in the "Chemicals, not elsewhere classified" industry, see 100.) 137. Clocks, watches, and materials and parts, except watchcases; time- recording devices and time stamps. 138. Jewelry. Rings, pins, bracelets, and chains; gold trimmings for umbrellas, canes, etc.; diamond setting .and mounting. (G-em cutting is classified as "Lapidary work", see 187*) ,139. Lighting equipment'. Lighting fixtures and other lighting equipment for homes, offices, public buildings, and outdoor use; lamps and headlights for motor vehicles, locomotives, etc.; searchlights, spotlights, and flood lights; lamps and lanterns; reflectors and shades. (Electric bulbs are classified under "Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies", see 147.) 140. Silverware and plated ware. Knives, forks, spoons, and other flat ware, hollow ware,- toilet ware, ornaments, ecclesiastical ware, novelties, etc., of solid silver, or metal plated with s ilver, gold, or other metal, or of nickel silver, or of pewter. Articles plated with gold, silver, or other metals'; articles made of nickel-silver or pewter. 141. Smelting and refining, copper, lead, and zinc. 142. Stamped ware, enamel ware, and metal stampings; enameling, japanning, and lacquering. Stamped and enameled sheet metal products of all kinds, except those classifiable in "Plumbers supplies" or "Tin cans and other tinware"; perforated metals and metal stampings, including stamped machine parts; japanning, lacquering, and paint- enameling on bathroom fixtures, bedsteads, motor-vehicle, and bicycle parts, sewing machines, and other machines, typewriters, signs, em- blems, tags, gas, and electric fixtures; vitreous enameling house- hold and hospital ware, stove parts, etc. 9854 - ; ;^r - SECTIOI! XII. 3TALS AND TH3IH PEODUCTS (CulTT'D) Code 143. Nonferrous metal alloys and products, not including aluminum pro- ducts. Leac' , bar, loipe, and sheot; antifriction— "bearing metals; type metal; solders; "bars aid rods of brass, bronze, and otner nnnferrous alloys, such as Mouel metal and German silver; plates, sheets, rods, tubing, castings, and machinery fittings made from copper or zinc or from brass, bronze, or other nor.ferrous alloys; various finished products, such as die castings, extruded shapes, car and engine brasses, refinisiiod brass work, oiling devices, hose couplings, stair plates and rods, fenders, screen plates, spun metal, bells, etc. Copper ingots are normally products of the "Smelting and refining copper" industry. Establishments engaged in the manufacture of wire from purchased bars or rods are classi- fied in the *Wire drawn from purchased bars or rods" industry (see 134). Establishments engaged primarily in the manufacture of lighting equipment, hardware, and plumbers 1 supplies are not to be classified in this industry, these lines of manufacture being covered by separate classifications. 144. All other nonicrrous metal products. Collapsible tubes. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron 'work, including gal vani zed-iron work, not elsewhere classified. The shop production, but not the in- stallation of cornices, ventilators, skylights, gutters, and similar sheet-metal work for buildings; the manufacture of sheet- rnetal products s\xch as stovepipe; smokestacks, tanks and bins, furnace casings, and other : articles of the kind. • Electroplating. Electroplating of all descriptions, such as nickel plating, silver plating; etc., on a contract basis on articles owned by others. Eire extinguishers chemical. Fortable fire extinguishers, hose reels, and other apparatus (except motor propelled apparatus, which is classified in the motor-vehicle industry) and appliances for fire extinguishing by means of chemicals; chemical preparations for use with such apparatus and appliances; ha&d grenades for fire extinguishing, ete. Gold leaf and foil. Gold leaf anf foil for decorators, sign painters, etc. (made by establishments generally known as gold- beaters) • Gold, silver, and platinum, reducing and refining, not from the ore. The reduction and refining or precious metals, chiefly from the waste and sweepings of factories engaged in the manufacture of jewelry, silverware , etc. Jewelers' findings and materials. Unassembled parts of jewelry (not including gems and stones., see 157), such as balls, beads, links, and pinstems; stock-shop products (sheets, wire, and tub- ing) . Needles, pins, hooks and eyes, and snap fasteners. Machine and hand needles, knitting and sewing; toilet, hat, and safety pins, wire hairpins, etc.; glove fasteners, snap fasteners, slide fasten- ers, hooks and eyes, etc. Smelting and refining, metals other than gold, silver, or platinum, not from the ore. 'The smelting rnd refining of scrap metals and dross of all kind.s. 9854 - 126 - SECTION XII. NONF3EROUS METALS ^IE TKSIR PRODUCTS (CONT'D) Code 144. Tin and other foils, not including gold foil. Tin foil, aluminum foil and leaf, lead foil, etc. Wat encases. : SECTION XIII. MACEIltSRY, HOT INCLUDING' TRANSPORTATION 3tiUI?I,3iIT 145. Agricultural implements. Machines, usually .operated by liorse or other power, for plowing, harrowing, planting, cultivating, harvest- ing, threshing, and other operations and processes pertaining to agriculture. 146. Cash registers, adding machines, and calculating machines. Adding machines, cash registers and similar devices, fare registers and recording fare "boxes, ticket-counting machines, coin changers, rotary wage tables, slide rules, and other calculating and comput- ing machines and devices. 147. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. All classes of machinery, apparatus, and supplies for employment directly in the generation, storage, transmission, or utilization of electric" energy. .Products include electric locomotives, dynamos, motors, batteries, transformers, switchboards, panel boards, cut-out cabi- nets, carbons, arc and incandescent lamps, projectors and focusing lamps, sockets, transmitters, receivers, lightning arresters, rheostats and resistances, electric welding apparatus, electric therapeutic apparatus, switches, signals, telegraph and telephone apparatus, fire-alarm apparatus, miscellaneous electric household appliances, etc. 148. Engines, turbines , tractors, water wheels, and windmills. Steam engines— reciprocating and turbine; internal-combustion engines— fuel-injection and carburet' or types; tractors; water wheels and turbines; windmills, . 149. Foundry and machine-shop products, not elsewhere classified. All products of boiler shops, foundries., and machine shops not ' classified in ally of the other industries. 150. Machine-tool accessories and machinists' 'precision tools and in- struments. Attachments, fixtures, and small tools (chucks, jigs, cutters, drills, reamers, taps, etc.) for use chiefly with machine tools; precision measuring tools (micrometers, verniers, and gages) • 151. Machine tools. Power-driven machines for cutting and shaping metals, such as lathes, planers, drilling machines, etc. Machine tools are designed for more or less general use, as distinct from machines designed for manufacturing special articles. Portable hand tools (power-driven) for calking, riveting, and driving screws are also included under this classification. 152. Radio apparatus and phonographs. All kinds of radio apparatus, including tubes, for transmitting and receiving; all ]cinds of machines for mechanically recording or reproducing speech, music, or other sounds; combination radios, and phonographs; parts and supplies, such as mechanical parts, record blanks, and records. 153. Textile machinery and parts. All classes of textile machinery and parts, including machinery for bleaching, dyeing, printing, mer- cerizing, finishing, etc. 154. Typewriters and parts, 9854 SECTION XII J. MACHINERY, NOT incl transportation EQUIPMENT (CONT'D) ' Code 155. All other machinery (not including brj i portation equipment)* 3-as machines, gas meters, and water and other liquid meters. ihines for manufacture s, acetylene generators, gas meters, pater meters., gas and writer regulators, etc; Pumps (hand and .power) and pump in g • equipment . Fumps for air, water, oil, and other fluids, "both hand and Jjc-wer;' residence water-supply systems; gasolina filling-station pumps;' spraying outfits; puiip jacks and other pumping equipment . liefr iterators,, mechanical.; All types of refrigerators which do hot use ice .as the refrigerating medium. 3uch refrigerators in- clude not only the motor-driven type "but also those which use heat to actuate the cooling rneuiun.' Scales and balances. Scales, balances, weighing machines and apparatus, avitomatic, and computing weighing machines, etc. Sewing machines and attachments. TJrshing machines, wringer;-,, driers, and ironing machines for house- hold use. Washing machines, wringers, drying machines, and iron- ing machines, whether operated by -mechanical power or by hand, for use in homes. . SECTION XIV. TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT, ALU, LAM), AND WATER 155. Aircraft and parts. All tapes of aircraft (including balloons) and parts. 157. Motor-vehicle bodies and motor-vehicle parts. Establishments en- gaged primarily in the manufacture of (a) motor-vehicle bodies; (b) parts and accessories-, such -as gears, wheels, radiators, bumpers, axles, rear-axle housings, axle shafts, shock. absorbers, windshields, rims, frames, hcr.ns., ""'ihdbhi old wipers, and various other assemblies and parts, not including complete chassis, which 'are classified under "Motor vehicles." 158. Motor vehicles, not including motorcycles. All complete four- wheeled motor vehicles' — automobiles, trucks, motor busses, etc.— and complete chasses .and trailers. 159. Cprs, electric and steam railroad, not build in railroad repair shop s . 150. Locomotives (other than electric) not made in railroad repair shops. All kinds of steam and internal-combustion locomotives. (Electric locomotives are classified under ' "Electrical machinery, apparatus, and suoplies." See 14?.) 161. Ship and boat building, .steel and ^ooden, including repair work. The building of all classes of r-tcel and wooden vessels, including yachts, rowboats, canoes, etc.; repairs to such vessels; masts, spars, and other accessories for sucn vessels' the rigging of such vessels. 162. All other transportation equipment. Carriage, wagon, sleigh, and sled materials, made, for sale as such. Bodies, tops, cushions, hubs, fellowe-s,' spokes, wheels, whiff le- trees, carriage boots and aprons, axles, dashboards, neck yokes, whip sockets, and other materials and. parts except springs, which are separately classified. . 9854 - 123 - SECTI01T XIY. T3AIT3F0HTATI0H EQpiPEENT, AI3, LAHQ-, AHD WAT3R (CONT'D) Code .. .', 162. Carriages and sleds, children' s. Baby carriages, "walkers 11 go- carts, sleds, doll carriages, children's velocipedes and tri- cycles, children's express- wagons-, etc. Carriages , wagons, sleighs and sleds. Complete carriages, wagons, ' sleighs, sleds, pungs, handcarts, pushcarts, and wheelbarrows. , Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts. Complete motorcycles side cars, and "bicycles, 'and motorcycle and bicycle parts, such as saddles, seat posts, frames, gears, handlebars, chains, etc. Establish- ments which manufacture complete motorcycles or bicycles by merely assembling purchased parts are included under this classification. SECTION XV. RAILHOAD R3FAIH SHOPS 163. Car and general construction and repairs, electric— railroad repair shops. Shopwork done by electric-railroad companies; principally repairs to rolling ' stock and bridges belonging to the company operating the shop. .Some shops, however, build new cars, and some perform repair work for other railroad companies. Car and general construction and repairs, steam-railroad repair shops. Shopwork done ~'oy stem-railroad companies; principally : repairs to rolling stock and bridges belonging to .the company operating the shop. Some shops, however", build new cars and lo- comotives, and some perform repair work for other railroad compan- ies. SUCTION XVI. hlSCHLLAlTEOUS IHDUSTHTES 164. Tobacco: Chewing and" smoking and snuff. 165. Cigars. •■■ ■ 166. Cigarettes. '' . 167. All other miscellaneous 168. Artificial and preserved flowers and plants. . Artists' materials. Brooms. Brushes, other than rubber. Buttons. Carbon paper and Inked ribbons. Combs and hairpins, not made from metal or rubber. Dentists' supplies and equipment, except instruments. Fancy and miscellaneous articles, not elsewhere classified. Feathers, plumes, and manufactures thereof. Foundry supplies. . : Fur goods. : ■ ■ '■ Furs, dressed. Hair work. Hand stamps and stencils and brands. Hats, straw, men's. Instruments, professional and scientific, and gauges, except ma chi ni s t s ' gang e s . Ivory, shell, and bond work, not including buttons, combs, or hairpins. Jewelry and instrument cases. 9854 - 1". - SECTION XVI. MISCELLANEOUS INDUSTRIES (CONT'D) Lapidary work. btresses and bed springSi nob elsewhere classified. Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Musical instrument parts and materials: Piano and organ. Musical instruments and parts and materials, not elsewhere classified. Musical instruments: Organs. Musical instruments: Pianos. Optical goods. Paving materials: Asphalt, tar, crushed slag, and mixtures. Pencils, lead (including mechanical) • Fens, fountain and stylographic; pen points, gold, steel, and brass. Hxotogrephic apparatus and materials and projection apparatus. Pipes (tobacco), hoofing, built-up and roll; asphalt shingles; roof coatings other than paint. Signs and advertising novelties. Soda-water ap; aratus. Sporting an< athletic goods, not including firearms or ammunition, Stationery goods, not elsewhere classified. Surgical and orthopedic appliances, and related products. Theatrical scenery and stage equipment. Toys (not including children's wheel goods or sleds). Umbrellas, parasols, and canes. Whip s . Window shades and fixtures. 168, Unclassified. All reports which do not contain sufficient information to permit classification in any of the above divisions. 91. 54 OFFICE OF THE NATIONAL RECOVERY ADMINISTRATION THE DIVISION OF REVIEW THE WORK OF THE DIVISION OF REVIEW Executive Order No. 7075, dated June 15, 1935, established the Division of Review of the National Recovery Administration. The pertinent part of the Executive Order reads thus: The Division of Review shall assemble, analyze, and report upon the statistical information and records of experience of the operations of the various trades and industries heretofore subject to codes of fair competition, shall study the ef- fects of such codes upon trade, industrial and labor conditions in general, and other related matters, shall make available for the protection and promotion of the public interest an adequate review of the effects of the Administration of Title I of the National Industrial Recovery Act, and the principles and policies put into effect thereunder, and shall otherwise aid the President in carrying out his functions under the said Title. I hereby appoint Leon C. Marshall, Director of the Division of Review. The study sections set up in the Division of Review covered these areas: industry studies, foreign trade studies, labor studies, trade practice studies, statistical studies, legal studies, administration studies, miscellaneous studies, and the writing of code his- tories. The materials which were produced by these sections are indicated below, Except' for the Code Histories, all items mentioned below are scheduled to be in mimeo- graphed form by April 1, 1936. THE CODE HISTORIES The Code Histories are documented accounts of the formation and administration of the codes. They contain the definition of the industry and the principal products thereof; the classes of members in the industry; the history of code formation including an account of the sponsoring organizations, the conferences, negotiations and hearings which were held, and the activities in connection with obtaining approval of the code; the history of the ad- ministration of the code, covering the organization and operation of the code authority, the difficulties encountered in administration, the extent of compliance or non-compliance, and the general success or lack of success of the code; and an analysis of the operation of code provisions dealing with wages, hours, trade practices, and other provisions. These and other matters are canvassed not only in terms of the materials to be found in the files, bu + . also in terms of the experiences of the deputies and others concerned with code formation and administration. The Code Histories, (including histories of certain NRA units or agencies) are not mimeographed. They are to be turned over to the Department of Commerce in typewritten form. All told, approximately eight hundred and fifty (850) histories will be completed. This number includes all of the approved codes and some of the unapproved codes. (In Work Mate- rials No^ 18, Con tents of Code His to ries , will be found the outline which governed the preparation of Code Histories.) (In the case of all approved codes and also in the case of some codes not carried to final approval, there are in NRA files further materials on industries. Particularly worthy of mention are the Volumes I, II and III which constitute the material officially submitted to the President in support of the recommendation for approval of each code. These volumes 9768—1. -ti - set forth ths origination of the codes, the sponsoring group, the evidence advanced to sup- port the proposal, the report of the Division of Research and Planninp on the industry, the recommendations of the various Advisory Boards, certain types of official correspondence, the transcript of the formal hearing, and other pertinent matter. There is also much offi- cial information relating to amendments, interpretations, exemptions, and other rulings. The materials mentioned in this paragraph were of course not a part of the work of the Division of Review. ) THE WORK MATERIALS SERIES In the work of the Division of Review a considerable number of studies and compilations of .dta (other than those noted below in the Evidence Studies Series and the Statistical Material Series) have been made. These are listed below, grouped according to the char- acter of the material. (In Work Materials No . 17 , Tentativ e Ou tlines and Summaries of Studies in Process , the materials are fully described) . I ndustry Studies Automobile Industry, An Economic Survey of Bituminous Coal Industry under Free Competition and Code Regulation, Ecnomic Survey of Electrical Manufacturing Industry, The Fertilizer Industry, The Fishery Industry and the Fishery Codes Fishermen and Fishing Craft, Earnings of Foreign Trade under the National Industrial Recovery Act Part A - Competitive Position of the United States in International Trade 1927-29 through 1934. Part B - Section 3 (e) of NIRA and its administration. Part C - Imports and Importing under NRA Codes. Part D - Exports and Exporting under NRA Codes. Forest Products Industries, Foreign Trade Study of the Iron and Steel Industry, The Knitting Industries, The Leather and Shoe Industries, The Lumber and Timber Products Industry, Economic Problems of the Men's Clothing Industry, The Millinery Industry, The Motion Picture Industry, The Migration of Industry, The: The Shift of Twenty-Five Needle Trades From New York State, 1926 to 1934 National Labor Income by Months, 1929-35 Paper Industry, The Production, Prices, Employment and Payrolls in Industry, Agriculture and Railway Trans- portation, January 1923, to date Retail Trades Study, The Rubber Industry Study, The Textile Industry in the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, and Japan Textile Yarns and Fabrics Tobacco Industry, The Wholesale Trades Study, The Women's Neckwear and Scarf Industry, Financial and Labor Data on 9768—2 - - iii - Women's Apparel Industry, Some Aspects of the Trade P ractic e S tudies Commodities, Information Concerning: A Study of NRA and Related Experiences in Control Distribution, Manufacturers' Control of: Trade Practice Provisions in Selected NRA Codes Distributive Relations in the Asbestos Industry Design Piracy: The Problem and Its Treatment Under NRA Codes Electrical Mfg. Industry: Price Filing Study Fertilizer Industry: Price Filing Study Geographical Price Relations Under Codes of Fair Competition, Control of Minimum Price Regulation Under Codes of Fair Competition Multiple Basing Point System in the Lime Industry: Operation of the Price Control in the Coffee Industry Price Filing Under NRA Codes Production Control in the Ice Industry Production Control, Case Studies in Resale Price Maintenance Legislation in the United States Retail Price Cutting, Restriction of, with special Emphasis on The Drug Industry. Trade Practice Rules of The Federal Trade Commission (1914-1936): A classification for comparision with Trade Practice Provisions of NRA Codes. Labo r Studies Cap and Cloth Hat Industry, Commission Report on Wage Differentials in Earnings in Selected Manufacturing Industries, by States, 1933-35 Employment, Payrolls, Hours, and Wages in 115 Selected Code Industries 1933-35 Fur Manufacturing, Commission Report on Wages and Hours in Hours and Wages in American Industry Labor Program Under the National Industrial Recovery Act, The Part A. Introduction Part B. Control of Hours and Reemployment Part C. Control of Wages Part D. Control of Other Conditions of Employment Part E. Section 7(a) of the Recovery Act Materials in the Field of Industrial Relations PRA Census of Employment, June, October, 1933 Puerto Rico Needlework, Homeworkers Survey Administrativ e Studies Administrative and Legal Aspects of Stays, Exemptions and Exceptions, Code Amendments, Con- ditional Orders of Approval Administrative Interpretations of NRA Codes Administrative Law and Procedure under the NIRA Agreements Under Sections 4(a) and 7(b) of the NIRA Approved Codes in Industry Groups, Classification of Basic Code, the — (Administrative Order X-61) Code Authorities and Their part in the Administration of the NIRA Part A. Introduction Part B. Nature, Composition and Organization of Code Authorities 9768—3. - iv - Part C. Activities of the Code Authorities Part D. Code Authority Finances Part E. Summary and Evaluation Code Compliance Activities of the NRA Cede Making Program of the NRA in the Territories, The Code Provisions and Related Subjects, Policy Statements Concerning Content of NIRA Administrative Legislation Part A. Executive and Administrative Orders Part B. Labor Provisions in the Codes Part C. Trade Practice Provisions in the Codes Part D. Administrative Provisions in the Codes Part E. Agreements under Sections 4(a) and 7(b) Part F. A Type Case: The Cotton Textile Code Labels Under NRA, A Study of Model Code and Model Provisions for Codes, Development of National Recovery Administration, The: A Review of its Organization and Activities NRA Insignia President's Reemployment Agreement, The President's Reemployment Agreement, Substitutions in Connection with the Prison Labor Problem under NRA and the Prison Compact, The Problems of Administration in the Overlapping of Code Definitions of Industries and Trades, Multiple Code Coverage, Classifying Individual Members of Industries and Trades Relationship of NRA to Government Contracts and Contracts Involving the Use of Government Funds Relationship of NRA with States and Municipalities Sheltsred Workshops Under NRA Uncodified Industries: A Study of Factors Limiting the Code Making Program Legal Studies Anti-Trust Laws and Unfair Competition Collective Bargaining Agreements, the Right of Individual Employees to Enforce Commerce Clause, Federal Regulation of the Employer-Employee Relationship Under the Delegation of Power, Certain Phases of the Principle of, with Reference to Federal Industrial Regulatory Legislation Enforcement, Extra-Judicial Methods of Federal Regulation through the Joint Employment of the Power of Taxation and the Spending Power Government Contract Provisions as a Means of Establishing Proper Economic Standards, Legal Memorandum on Possibility of Industrial Relations in Australia, Regulation of Intrastate Activities Which so Affect Interstate Commerce as to Bring them Under the Com- merce Clause, Cases on Legislative Possibilities of the State Constitutions Post Office and Post Road Power — Can it be Used as a Means of Federal Industrial Regula- tion? State Recovery Legislation in Aid of Federal Recovery Legislation History and Analysis Tariff Rates to Secure Proper Standards of Wages and Hours, the Possibility of Variation in Trade Practices and the Anti-Trust Laws Treaty Making Power of the United States War Power, Can it be Used as a Means of Federal Regulation of Child Labor? 9768—4. - V - THE EVIDENCE STUDIES SERIES The Evidence Studies were originally undertaken to gather material for pending court cases. After the Schechter decision the project was continued in order to assemble data for use in connection with the studies of the Division of Review. The data are particularly concerned with the nature, size and operations of the industry; and with the relation of the industry to interstate commerce. The industries covered by the Evidence Studies account for more than one-half of the total number of workers under codes. The list of those studies follows: Automobile Manufacturing Industry Automotive Parts and Equipment Industry Baking Industry Boot and Shoe Manufacturing Industry Bottled Soft Drink Industry Builders' Supplies Industry Canning Industry Chemical Manufacturing Industry Cigar Manufacturing Industry Coat and Suit Industry Construction Industry Cotton Garment Industry Dress Manufacturing Industry Electrical Contracting Industry Electrical Manufacturing Industry Fabricated Metal Products Mfg. and Metal Fin- ishing and Metal Coating Industry Fishery Industry Furniture Manufacturing Industry General Contractors Industry Graphic Arts Industry Gray Iron Foundry Industry Hosiery Industry Infant's and Children's Wear Industry Iron and Steel Industry Leather Industry Lumber and Timber Products Industry Mason Contractors Industry Men's Clothing Industry Motion Picture Industry Motor Vehicle Retailing Trade Needlework Industry of Puerto Rico Painting and Paperhanging Industry Photo Engraving Industry Plumbing Contracting Industry Retail Lumber Industry Retail Trade Industry Retail Tire and Battery Trade Industry Rubber Manufacturing Industry Rubber Tire Manufacturing Industry Shipbuilding Industry Silk Textile Industry Structural Clay Products Industry Throwing Industry Trucking Industry Waste Materials Industry Wholesale and Retail Food Industry Wholesale Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Indus- try Wool Textile Industry THE STATISTICAL MATERIALS SERIES This series is supplementary to the Evidence Studies Series. The reports include data on establishments, firms, employment, payrolls, wages, hours, production capacities, ship- ments, sales, consumption, stocks, prices, material costs, failures, exports and imports. They also include notes on the principal qualifications that should be observed in using the data, the technical methods employed, and the applicability of the material to the study of the industries concerned. The following numbers appear in the series: 9768—5 . - vi Asphalt Shingle and Roofing Industry Business Furniture Candy Manufacturing Industry Carpet and Rug Industry Cement Industry Cleaning and Dyeing Trade Coffee Industry Copper and Brass Mill Products Industry Cotton Textile Industry Electrical Manufacturing Industry Fertilizer Industry F neral Supply Industry Glass Container Industry Ice Manufacturing Industry Knitted Outerwear Industry Paint, Varnish, ana Lacquer, Mfg. Industry Plumbing Fixtures Industry Rayon and Synthetic Yarn Producing Industry Salt Producing Industry THE COVERAGE The original, and approved, plan of the Division of Review contemplated resources suf- ficient (a) to prepare some 1200 histories of codes and NRA units or agencies, (b) to con- soJidate and index the NRA files containing some 40,000,000 pieces, (c) to engage in ex- tensive field work, (d) to secure much aid from established statistical agencies of govern- ment, (e) to assemble a considerable number of experts in various fields, (f) to conduct approximately 25% more studies than are listed above, and (g) to prepare a comprehensive summary report. Because of reductions made in personnel and in use of outside experts, limitation of access to field work and research agencies, and lack of jurisdiction over files, the pro- jected plan was necessarily curtailed. The most serious curtailments were the omission of the comprehensive summary report; the dropping of certain studies and the reduction in the coverage of other studies; and the abandonment of the consolidation and indexing of the files. Fortunately, there is reason to hope that the files may yet be carec" for under other auspices. Notwithstanding these limitations, if the files are ultimately consolidated and in- dexed the exploration of the NRA materials will have been sufficient to make them accessible and highly useful. They constitute the largest and richest single body of information concerning the problems and operations of industry ever assembled in any nation. L. C. Marshall, Director, Division of Review. 9768—6 . U« 3. National recovery ad- ministration* no. 85 VJork materials. DATE ISSUED TO no. 83 iTOfct •<*»•* UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 3 1262 08542 4926 HOT IB 1 Hi U IB' vSmM UrMasfu Mi. lUffll H iii Mm Wm 1 'iij'ii *' nun! SHU wm Hi ffil J| ■Hh KB