UTILIZATION Or LNCLREE) RESIN 
 IMPREGNATED PAPER SCRAP 
 
 May 1944 
 
 RESTRICTED 
 
 CLASSIFIED DOCUM! 
 
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 No. 1582 
 
 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
 
 FOREST SERVICE 
 
 FOREST PRODUCTS LABORATORY 
 
 Msdiion, Wisconsin 
 In Cooperation with th« University o< Wisconsin 
 
bated : I 
 
 By MBL3UR: IG, Assistant Chemist 
 .... . Chemist 
 
 Introduction 
 
 In the commercial production of paper-base lami '. c, su v 
 
 - amounts of uncured res in- impregnated pap-^r scrap in the for 
 and rejects can be accumulated. The resin content of this material i 
 
 i 35 percent. It was believed that there be an economic adv 
 of reclai- he scrap provided it can be handled in the pi ■ - chout 
 
 ;e difficulty, that resin retention is high, and th product of reas- 
 able quality can be obtained. This report presents r suits c: od 
 number of trials made for obtain. ion on the possibility of re- 
 
 claiming scrap resin-impregnated pa: 
 
 Summary of Cone lu si.-. 
 
 The satisfactory properties of paper-base lai -ade from 
 
 papers containing recla:: , mcured, resi - 
 
 up to 100 percent, combined with the fact that no serious difficulty was e 
 countered in reworking the scrap, indicate the practicabi! P the re- 
 of such material. In making j dally from this mat-rial, . 
 
 consideration should be given to the desirability of a closed \ ;r 
 
 system in order to obviate any possible toxic effects of the effluer. . 
 
 -Scope of ",'ork 
 
 Several furnishes containing vurious amounts of repulped, .* 
 
 nated paper scrap from a co: . Bouroe and asm cor i sulfite pu] . 
 with -ximum test of 100 percent of 8 or , re made into paper or. a ?our- 
 drinier machine with ordin - ting technique* The ; --ling ° 
 
 .1 was molded, both with and without prior addition of resir. 
 • Lon, All oth r j impregnated with additional res: , 
 
 to molding, with the amounts added estimated to yield a final total resin 
 content of about 35 percent. Certain physical proper' he tec Is 
 •e determi:.jd. 
 
 h is ono of a s - a t, ports pr 'he 
 
 Forest Products Laboratory to furth - .effort. Results 
 
 her orted are prelimi:: - - Litional d 
 
 come availah 
 
 tricted Mimeo. ::o. l r -1- 
 
Furnish Preparation and Paper Making 
 
 The paper scrap had been made from "black spruce unbleached Mitscherlich 
 piilp and was impregnated with Bakelite resin 3V-16526. A quantity of the scrap 
 was beaten with the roll at the bedplate setting for 25 minutes at a temperature 
 of abo\it 20° C, and a consistence, based on fiber, of 4 percent. Pronounced 
 foaming occurred at the start of beating, but this trouble was eliminated by the 
 addition of kerosene in a volume equivalent to 1.4 gallons per ton of scrap. 
 Although at the end of the beating treatment small flakes of unfiberized paper 
 still persisted, further processing would have resulted in a paper too low in 
 absorbency for impregnating. 
 
 The repulped scrap was used for making papers containing 100, 50, 25, 
 and 15 percent of scrap by adding a commercial unbleached Mitscherlich sulfite 
 pulp made from black spruce. This pulp was a part of a shipment used in estab- 
 lishing a standard laminated paper plastic (papreg) at the T J. S. Forest Products 
 Laboratory in June 1943. No trouble was encountered in running the foregoing 
 furnishes on the paper machine. 
 
 As each run of paper ^/as made, a sample of the wet web was taken off the 
 first wet press. When the paper contained 100 percent scrap material a sample 
 of white water was also collected. The wet web samples and the white water 
 solids were then extracted with acetone, and the amounts soluble were considered 
 as indications of the resin content. 
 
 Preparation and Testing of Panels 
 
 Duplicate impregnation runs were made on each paper using 3akelite resin 
 3V-13526. The aim was to add enough resin to bring the total amount to about 
 35 percent based on the resin-treated sheet. Reference to table 1 reveals that, 
 with the exception of one panel, which consisted of reclaimed scrap only, with- 
 out added resin, the total resin content ranged between 33 and 36 percent. The 
 total resin content values are based on the amount of resin added and the resin 
 content of the paper prior to impregnation, v/hich is determined by the percentage 
 of acetone -soluble material of the wet web sample. 
 
 ..olding and testing conditions and results are given in table 1, Panels 
 fabricated from paper impregnated in the first series of impregnation runs, 
 identified as ICos. 2404-1, 2405-1, 2406-1, and 2407-1, were sent to the mill 
 from which the scrap resin-impregnated paper was obtained. The test data shown 
 in table 1 for these panels are those reported by the mill. The second set of 
 panels, identified as ITos. 2404, 2404-2, 2405-2, 2405-2, and 2407-2, were 
 molded from paper impregnated in the second series of impregnation runs and 
 were tested at the U, S. Forest Products Laboratory. Becauso of the condition, 
 and low content, of the resin in the paper used in molding panel No, 2404, the 
 high pressure of 1,500 pounds per square inch was selected arbitrarily to 
 assure lamination. The minimum pressure necessary was not determined. The 
 addition, by impregnation, of 15 percent resin to this paper resulted in a mater- 
 ial moldable at 250 pounds per square inch from which panels l"os. 2404-1 and 
 
 Restricted Mimeo. No. 1582 -2- 
 
lade, -est values for the Porest Products Laboratory June 1943 
 lard p containing the sane pulp used in I resent study are included 
 
 in table 1 for comparison. 
 
 Discussion of Results and Conclusions 
 
 plastic, No, 2404, containing only the reclaimed - -impregnated 
 
 sc, ith no added resin, and laninated at a pressure of 1,500 pounds ;> 
 
 squ r inch, although low in actual water resistance, compares favorably in 
 strength properties with those recently published for a commercial high-eti 
 .-base laminates and also with those of the Forest Products Laboratory 
 June 1943 standard. The water absorption of 4.2 percent observed for this 
 plastic is, however, only 5 percent more than the l Limit Ivan for the con- 
 
 mercial product. The addition of 15 percent resin (Nob. 2404-1 and 2404-2) 
 
 ter resistance markedly. The average water resistance of 2.2 pero 
 appears especially good for the average specific gravity of only 1.32, ac com- 
 pared ter resistance and specific gravity values of 2.4 and 1.40, 
 respectively, of the June 1943 standard which contained only virgin pulp and 
 in. 
 
 -he values for the properties of plastic No. 3404 and ■■.-•.rage values 
 
 for 1'os. 240^-1 and 2404-2 (100 percent scrap with added resin) are conpared 
 with the corresponding values for the Juno 1943 standard in table 2, in which 
 the values for the standard papreg are taken as IOC for each property. 
 
 The results for the nixed furnishes, in conp.-'.rison with the June 1943 
 standard, show that v/hen up to 50 percent of scrap was used 60 percent of 
 nodulus of ela-ticity in tension was retained with no sacrifice in the other 
 physical properties that were evaluated. 
 
 Although the work reported here is limited, the results indicate the 
 practicability of utilizing resin-inpregnatod paper scrap in laninates that are 
 not required to neet high strength specifications in all properties.^ 
 
 aplastics Catalogue, Plastics Catalogue Corporation, l T ev York. 1944. Page 758. 
 
 -Since this work done, TAPPI 3ulletin No, 26, F ry 19, 1944, mentions 
 
 roduction of paper-base plastic containing reclairr.eo ur.cured rv-sin- 
 -niated fabric r.crap, 
 
 - -: . '."o . 1582 -3- 
 
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Tabic 3. — Properties of the ulastic nado fro;". resin-i-^rcf-jnated paper 
 
 r.crap compared with tho^.e of the forest Products Laboratory 
 J uno 1943 standard fcr panro;; vith the values of the stan - 
 dard taken as 100 . 
 
 Property 
 
 Plastic 
 " . 2404 
 
 : 
 
 t 
 
 Ult i mate : 108 
 
 us of : 102 
 
 : 
 
 Lufl of rupture : 
 
 Modalus of elast icity : 
 
 ] r^ssion: : 
 
 xinun : 92 
 
 Yield at 0.2 -percent strain offset . : 104 
 
 rolus of elasticity : 102 
 
 kodulus of rigidity : 100 
 
 '- .oact : : 
 
 Flatwise : 106 
 
 tfiae : 130 
 
 "if ic : 101 
 
 : 175 
 
 Avera o 
 itie i*o b. 
 
 2404-1 and 
 2404-2 
 
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 75 
 
 96 
 80 
 
 100 
 91 
 82 
 87 
 
 71 
 
 100 
 
 94 
 
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