1 - - I~.~ 1 - U.S. DEPOSITORY UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Bureau of Agricultural Economics Economic Library List No. 4 Washington, D. C, July 1939, EGG AUCTIONS: SELECTED REFERENCES- Compiled by Helen Brown Library, Bureau of Agricultural Economics This list supersedes a typewritten list with the same title compiled in the Library of the Bureau of Agricultural Economics on May.l, 1937. References to publications written in foreign languages have been omit- ted. Sources consulted for the compilation are listed on page 14 • 1. Alger, SanfordE., Jr. Are c egg: auctions worth while? It seemed the most satisfactory method for egg producers in southeastern Massa- chusetts. New England Homestead 106(3): 12, 13, charts. Feb. 4, 1933. 6 N442 Tells of the success in marketing eggs through the Brockton (Mass.) Co-operative Egg Auction Ass*n, Inc. Illustrated by two charts which show comparisons of top prices at the Brockton ogg auction with Boston wholesale prices, for large and for medium grade eggs. . 2. Amiot, E. R. Ohio sells eggs at auction. Successful Farming 30(5): 14, 46. May 1933. 6 Sul2 "Poultry producers of Wayne County, Ohio, and vicinity have or- ganized a method of marketing eggs which is new in Ohio. Instead of selling their eggs thru the many local stores and hucksters as is customary in many places, these producers now concentrate all eggs at one point. The eggs ore then graded into case lots, and sold at auction two times a week." - 2 -. 3. Boll, E. W. Co-op egg auction starts. Now England Homestead 106(l5): 4. July 22, 1933. 6 N442 "The second co-operative . egg auction in the state of Massachusetts was opened at Springfield on Thursday, July 6, with 68 cases of eggs for sale on the opening day." 4. Benjamin, Earl Whitney. The auction as a market outlet. Amer. Inst. Coop., Amor. Coop. 1927, v. 2, pi5. 691-697. Washington, D. C, 1927. 280.29 Am3A Deals principally with the auction as operated "by Pacific Egg Producers. 5. Benjamin, Earl Whitney. The "basis of the sales program of the Pacific eg;~ producers. Factors responsible for its success - car allotment and foreign distribution. Amer. Creamery & Poultry Prod. Rev. 70(22): 1018, 1020-1021, 1022. Oct. 1, 1930." 286.85 N482 Two paragraphs are devoted to sales of eggs at auction. 6. Benjamin, Earl .Whitney, and Pierce, K. C. Marketing poultry products. Ed. 3, 401pp. New York, J. Wiley & sons, inc.; London, Chapman & Hall, ltd. 1937. 280.347 B43M Bibliography, pp. 381-391, Por references to the auction method of selling poultry and eggs see pages. 3, 253-254, 275, and 321-323. A picture and a description of a Dutch auction clock are given on p. 321. 7. Benjamin, Earl Whitney. The Pacific egg producers 1 program. Natl. Assoc. Marketing Officials. Proc. (1929)11: 47-52. cn.p., 1930] 280.39 N213P Discussion, pp. 53-54. Selling at auction, p. 48. 8. Benjamin, Earl Whitney.. Scientific marketing of farm products as illus- trated "by the marketing of eggs. 10pp. Pam, Coll. "Publication No. 1808. Reprinted from Scientific Distribution, vol. CXV of the Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Philadelphia, September, 1924." The auction - a modern method of selling, pp. 114-115. 9. Benjamin, Earl Whitney. Selling Pacific Coast eggs. Coop. Marketing Jour. 4(1): 13-18. January 1930. 280.28 C7824 Auction, eight years of, p. 14. 10. Benjamin, Earl Whitney. Should the cooperative. agencies selling farm flocks use the auction? Amer. Inst. Coop. Amer, Coop. 1926, v. 1, pp. 622-628. Washington, D. C. , 1926. 280.29 Am3A Gives reasons why the Pacific Egg Producers auction is used as an economic tool for determining prices during the season of active trading. Reasons are given, also, for the use of the auction as a tool for determination of relative value of eggs "being offered. - 3 - 11. Benjamin, Earl Whitney. To conduct egg auctions; affiliate. of Pacific •-■;. producers plana daily Sfow York city auction facility for. gener-. ally troll-known "brands, Amer. Prod. Rev. 37: 462. Mar. 1, 1939. 286.85 IT482 A daily general oq~ auction, opGn to receivers and representatives cf shippers of well-known packs of eggs will take the place of the . exclusive auction of Pacific Egg Producers 1 - eggs.' It Is scheduled to open . in , April • 12. Bernender, H. W t , and Dellgren, Carl a A. Auction market practices. Amer. Inst. Coop. Amer. Coop. (1935)11: 360-363. Washington, D. C, 1935. 280.29 An34 Methods used by the Mid-Hudson . and Capital District Cooperative G. L. ?. egg auctions. "Price, •• seems to be a determining factor in the success of any °g7 auction." 13. Boyle, Janes Ernest. Marketing' of agricultural, products. 479pp. Her; York, McGraw-Hill book co», inc./ 1925. 280.3 369 Reading references, pp. 464-465. Egg auction, pp» 356-357: Describes the c^c auction of the Pacific Coast Cooperative Poultry Producers 1 Association, conducted through its Pacific Egg Producers 1 Cooperative, Inc. 14. Breukers, J. ' The development of the egg-trade in the Netherlands. In- . World's poultry congress and exhibition, 2d, 1924, Barcelona. Book of the Congress and description of the exhibition, pp. 364-368. Barcelona, The Graphic ■ art co.,'ltd. c 1925?3 47.9 W392C Information on e^g auctions is given on pp. 365-366. A table on p. 366 gives a. summary of the yearly sale of eggs at an average, price of the Co-operative-Roermond-Egg-Aucticn section of the V. P. IT. at Roemond, for the years 1904-1918. ..... 15. Christensen, J. B. Sales methods - eggs. Amer. Inst. Coop. Amer. Coop. (1923)4(2): 235-242. Washington, D. C. , 1928. 280.29 An3A Discussion, pp. 242-243, "This paper deals briefly with the soles methods employed by the Pacific Egg Producers." The eQZ auction is described on pp. 236-237, 16. Conference on business management problems of northea.steni poultry and egg cooperatives, Rutgers miversity, Sumnary of proceedings and discussion. ..Rutgers university, New Brunswick, IT. J,, August 16 and 17, 1937. 51pp., processed. c ^ew Brunswick? 1937?d 230.2479. C76 Partial contents: How the auction functions, by Newton S. Gottshall, pp. 9-10; Today and tomorrow in the marketing of poultry products, by Charles A. Umcr, pp. 19-22; A practical bookkeeping system, by Gerald M. Luff (outlines a system which. is of interest to auction managers and directors), pp. 23-26; Assembling our eggs and poultry cin the Piemington Auction Market] by C,H; Stains.pp. 44-46; Getting the information out" to t3ie members cof the Brockton Coop. Egg Auction Ass'n, Inc.j by Lawrence Bigncy, pp. 47-48. - 4 - 17. Conn, poultry auction.. Sale soon to lie established where large quantity vrill "be assembled for sale-eggs to' be sold also. Aner. Creamery & Poultry Prod. Eev. 75(24): 844, 846. Apr. 12, 1933. 286.85 N482 18. Criosey, J. C. A centralized system of marketing northeastern eggs. Aner. Inst. Coop, Aner. Coop. (19 35) 111 355-359. Washington, D. C, 1935. 280.29.An3A Describes the egg-marketing work of the G-. L. F. Egg Marketing Services, Inc., of which Mr. Crissey is president. They conbine country auctions with a wholesale unit in the New York market.. 19. Davis, L. M. Eggs on the block. U. S. Dept. Agr., Bur. Agr. Econ. Agr. Situation 2l(6): 29. June 1, 1937. 1 Ec7Ag Summary of contributions of auctions to improvement of quality. 20. Dougherty, L. A. Eggs under the hammer. N. H. Agr. Exp t. Sta. Bull. 300, 48pp., illus. Durham, 1937. Gives the history of the auction; regulations; auction procedure; volume of sales; types of buyers; price analysis and. comparison with prices obtained by other means of selling eggs; and comments on the future of the auction method in New Hampshire. 21. Egg auction held. Bur. Farmer (Mass. Farm Bur. Fed. ed.) 8(1): 13. Septem- ber 1932. 280.82 B89 "Massachusetts 1 first egg auction was held Monday, August 1, at Brockton." 22. Egg auctions big success. Summer prices realized at Vineland and Flemington net considerably more than New York market. Amer. Creamery & Poultry Prod. Rev. 72(18): 743, 750. .Sept. 2, 1931. 286.85.N482 Includes also a statement reprinted from the. South Jersey Poul- tryman. . . 23. An egg-poultry auction. Amor. Creamery & Poultry Prod. Rev. 80(2): 58. May 15, 1935. 286.85 N482 Extracts from the annual report of the Hamden Cooperative Poul- try Auction, successor to the New Haven Farmers' Cooperative Auction Association, Inc. 24. Erdman, H. E. American produce markets. 449pp. Boston, New York cetc.D D. C. Heath & co. c 1928d 280.3 Er2 Sale of eggs at auction, pp. 142-149. Describes the auction sale in New York City of white eggs shipr^ed by Pacific Egg Producers; shows catalog page; describes method of sampling and telephone bids; and idscusses influence of the auction on the market. - 5 - . 25. Fetrow, W. W. .Cooperative marketing of agricultural products. U. S. Form Credit Admin., Coop. Div. Bull-. 3, 106pp. Washington, D. C, 1936. 166.2 B87 Sec p. 76 for information on auction method of selling poultry and eggs. 26. First national stores, Somerville, Mass. Selling the products of New England farms. 32pp. Somerville, Masc. c1938?d 286.2 F51 A "brief discussion of the New England egg auction from the buyer* s point of view is given on pp. 18-19. 27. Flatt, C. A. Egg auctions in the eastern counties. Gt. Brit. Min» Agr. and Fisheries. Jour. 30(3): 270-273. June 1923. 10 G79J Description of egg auction marketing in the eastern counties of England. Advantages are given. 28. cGdlcroast, Cleveland;) The .auctioneer can make or "break an cqq auction. U. S. Fain Credit Admin. News for Farmer Coop. 3(7): 19. October 1937. 166.2 N47 An interview with Mr. Gil cr east, manager of the New Hampshire Egg Auction, in which figures of growth and volume of sales for the auction are given. The growth of egg auctions in the East is com- mented on and it is thought that the method will prove permanent in the Northeast. 29. Gil cr east, Cleveland. Systems of assembling of poultry and eggs: auctions. Amer. Inst. Coop. Amer. Coop. (1937)13: 537-550. Washington, D. C, 1937. 280.29 Am3A Formerly with the Brockton Cooperative Egg Auction, Mr. Gilcreast at the time of writing was manager of the New Hampshire Egg Auction, Derry, N. H. Abstract of this paper, with the title Co-op Egg Auctions in the. Ascendency, in Coop. Jour. 11(6): 153-154. November- December 1937. 30. Gt, Brit. Ministry of agriculture and fisheries. Report on c^G marketing in England and Wales. Gt. Brit. Min. Agr. and Fisheries. Econ. Ser. 10, 153pp. London, H. M. Stationery off., 1926. 280.9 ~G792 Auctions, ch. XIX, pp. 102-108. "The auction sale as a distrib- uting agency in the disposal of eggs dates back about 25 years in this country." A map shows the location of egg auctions in England and Wales in 1925. A description of the cooperative egg auction in Boermond, Holland, is given on pp. 127-128 of Chapter XXIII. 31. Gusler, Gilbert. Selling eggs at auction markets. Amer. Poultry Jour. 66(4): 7, 14. April 1935. 47.8 Am32 The growth and oxLvantages of auctions are discussed. - 6 - 32. Hagersvilie has the first egg auction in Canada. Purely voluntary with- out even a membership - 75 producers using the service - markets extended "by the auction, and all poultry raisers in. the district are "benefited - an interesting experiment in poultry marketing. Parmer's Advocate 69(2092): 343, 367. June. 7, 1934. 7 P22 33. Hancmann, H. A. Cooperative auction of produce. Successful experiment in sale of eggs. .U. S. Daily 6(208)*: 2016. Nov. 4, 1931. 280.8 Uh33 An account of the auction selling of eggs "by the Bucks County, Pennsylvania, Producers Cooperative Association. 34. James, D. L. Cooperative marketing of eggs and poultry.. A preliminary report. 24pp., processed. Washington, D. C. , U. S. Dept. of. agri- culture, Bureau of agricultural economics, June 1925. 1.9 Ec722 Cm The creation of the Pacific Egg Producers Cooperative, Inc., and its egg auction are described on pp. 9-10. 35. Jones, Alben E. The cooperative .auction system. Amer. Inst. Coop. Amer. Coop. (l935)ll: 345-354. Washington, D. C, 1935. 280.29 Am3A Auction system of soiling poult^ and eggs- in New Jersey. A table shows the dates of forming, first sale of eggs, and volume of business in May, 1935, of 20 cooperative egg auction associations in Ohio, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, New York, Hew Hampshire, Massa- chusetts, and Connecticut. 36. Jones, Alben E,« Egg and. poultry auctions at country producing points. Pactors which. make for their success or failure. In U. S. Dept. Agr. , Bur. Agr. Econ. , Div. Dairy and Poultry Products. Egg and Poultry Marketing, pp. 22-24, processed.. Washington, D. C. , 1934. 1.9 Ec724Em Paper presented at the meeting of the Poultry Science Association, East Lansing, Mich., August 1933. 37. Jones, Alben E. Egg auctions in New Jersey, Amer. Poultry Jour. 63(2): 10, 12-14, 16-17. February 1932. 47.8 Am32 38. Jones, Alben E. Marketing Now Jersey eggs. N. J. Dept. Agr. Circ. 195, 32pp. Trenton, 1931. 2 N46C Contents: Introduction; Plan in detail (celling New Jersey eggs to Now Jersey people, forming producers 1 auction markets); Operation of an egg auction market; Coordinating sectional markets; Wholesale and retail grades and standards for eggs; The Toms River Auction Market Association; The Flemington Auction Market Association; The Southern New Jersey situation; Appendix. 39. Jones, Alben E. New Jersey egg and poultry auction markets 1 report for 1933. Amer. Creamery & Poultry Prod. Rev. 76(24): 806-809. Oct. 11, 1933.. 286.85 N482 Statistics of sales, prices, price differentials, and values are given. - 7 - 40. Jones, Alb en E. • Problems connected with selling eggs by auction. Amer. Creamery & Poultry Prod. Rev. 79(17): 6I6D. Fob. 27, 1935. 286.85 1*482 ' • "Remarks at annual convention of Northeastern Poultry Producers 1 Council." 40a.* 41. cKlock, H, L.3 . Klock on egg auction. Declares the method is "smashing white ogg prices" in New York. Calls for its abolishment. IT. Y. Prod. Rev. 60(l8): 668-669, 670. Sept. 2, 1925. "286.85 N482 Letter, nailed to egg j>roducers, on the depressing effect on • the market of the sale of . eggs at auction. 42. Local oqz auction opens. Amer. Prod. Rev. 87(23): 604. Mar. 29, 1939. 286.85 N482 News item relative to the opening of the New York Egg Auction, operated by the Acme Egg Co., Inc., an affiliate of Pacific Egg Producers Cooperative, Inc. , . 43. McDougall, R. H, , and Lininger, P. P. The, Butler eQQ auction. Pa. Agr. Expt. Sta. Bull. 328, 44pp. State College, 1936. "A study of egg marketing in western Pennsylvania showing prefer- ences of buyers and factors of production influencing price and equality." _ _ 44. McKay, A.W., and Lane, C. H. Practical cooperative marketing. 512pp. New York, J.. Wiley & sons, inc.; London, Chapman & Hall, limited, 1928. 280.2 M19 An account of the Pacific .Egg Producers Cooperative, Inc., and its. egg auction, is given on pp. 195-198. ' "... 45. Maryland. Agricultural experiment station. The fiftieth annual report... 1936-1937. xlivpp. ' College Park c!938?d Cooperative eg{; auctions, pp. xiii-xiv. The following is quoted from this report of a study: "A study entitled, * Some Basic Factors Pertinent to the Establishment, Organization and Operation of Pro- duction Point Cooperative Egg Auctions in Maryland* was inaugurated in July, 1936. The stud;- covered the seasonal production of eggs in the principal producing areas in the State, the seasonal market- ing of eggs, methods of sale, principal markets in which the eggs were sold, methods of transportation, marketing Cost, prices re- ceived, and general information in regard to local production, con- sumption and purchase of eggs. • .The information obtained in this study indicates that production er^; auctions might.be successful if located near Winchester and Benton." A similar report of this study was made by S. H. DeVault at tho third annual summer session of. the Maryland State Poultry Council, July 21, 1937 and published in the Report of the Maryland Agricul- tural Society, v. 22, 1937, pp. 313-314. 40a.* Jull, Morley A, Poultry husbandry. Ed. 2, 548pp. New York and London, McGraw-Hill book company, inc., 1938. 47 J94P For auction method of selling eggs see pp. 424-425. - 8 - 46. Meal, "W. G. The farmer and the auction .market. N. J. Agr. 14(6): 6-7. June 1932. 275.28 N46 Includes two tables which give number of "buyers and seasonal amount purchased per "buyer and number of producers and seasonal amount sold per grower, four auction associations, 1930 season. Statistics for fruits and vegetables are given for three auctions; statistics for eggs and poultry are given for the . Elemington auction. 47. Middaugh, W. S. Connecticut poultry and egg auctions. Conn. Agr. Col. Ext. Scrv. Econ. Digest for Conn. Agr., no. 48, pp. 381-383. Storrs, October-November 1933. 275.28 Ec7 Compares Connecticut 1 s two egg auctions with the two "old estab- lished egg-marketing cooperatives" as to sole prices of eggs, net returns to producers and marketing services. At present (1933) more services are given by the cooperatives, but it is probable that the auctions will develop along similar lines. The two types of associa- tions are. not competing for members. 48. Middaugh, -W. S. • Marketing egg cooperatives in Connecticut. Conn. Agr. Col., Ext. Serv. Econ. Digest for Conn. Agr. no. 52, pp. 414-419. Storrs, May-June 1934. 275.28 Ec7 Two auctions formed for the purpose of gaining higher net prices for poultry have become egg auctions as well. They are the New Haven Farmers 1 Cooperative Auction Association and the Connecticut Formers 1 Coopero.tive Auction Association. Services rendered by the associations and prices on same are discussed, 49. Moreland, Wallace S. Hunterdon* s poultry auction. N. J. Agr. 13: 14-15. June 1931. 275.28 N46 This poultry auction is an outgrowth of the Hunterdon County Egg Auction established in 1930 at the Flemington Pair grounds. Refer- ences to the egg auction are brief, 50. New England institute of cooperation. Proceedings of the seventh annual New England institute of cooperation held at Connecticut State col- lege," Storrs, Connecticut, June 20, 21, 22, 1933. 60pp., processed. [n.p.] 1933. 280.29 N44 The status of cooperative poultry and egg marketing in New England, by H. *B. Rowe, pp. 4-9 (contains two paragraphs on the auction method of selling eggs, p. 9); Discussion of the. auction system of marketing ceggsu by Sanford E. Alger, Jr., pp. 11-12; Auction market- ing of poultry and eggs in New Jersey, pp. 13-14. 51. New Jersey eggs at auction. Amer. Creamery & Poultry Prod. Rev. 70(l): 24-26. May 7, 1930. 286.85 N482 "A rambling editorial dissertation upon this new marketing propo- sition" upon the occasion of an announcement that the New Jersey De- partment of Agriculture was completing arrangements for auction selling of eggs in the Toms River section of New Jersey. Price spreads and the Pacific Egg Auction are particularly discussed. - 9 - 52. Northeastern poultry producers council. Proceedings, third annual meeting* ••held at Hotel Wellington, New York City, January 11 and 12, 1934. variously paged, processed.. 47.9.N814 Report of the Subcommittee. on Egg Auctions, Marketing Committee, Northeastern Poultry Producers Council. 6pp» Also published in Amer. Creamery & Poultry prod. Rev. 78(8): 256-258. June 20, 1934. 53. Oley, Warren W. The auction market in New Jersey. Del. Bd. Agr. Quart. Bull. 2l(5): 65-71. Dover, 1931. VD37B Address at Peninsula Horticultural Soc, Salisbury, Maryland, Dec. 9-11, 1931. Describes the New Jersey Auction market rules and procedure generally, mentioning that $1,000,000 of poultry products are sold in these markets. Mr, Oley states that in their inception these auctions owe much to the Delaware produce auction. 54. Oley, Warren W. . Development of .auction- block systems of selling agri- cultural commodities in New Jersey. Natl. Assoc. Marketing Officials. Proc. (1930)12: 7-14. en. p., 1931] 280.39 N213P This discussion is not confined to eggs, but covers all commodi- ties sold at auction in New Jersey. Statistical tables show shipping point auction sales of fruits and vegetables vs. consignment to New York, Cedarville and Rosenhayn markets; prices, cases, profits, •etc., for the Toms River and Plemington auction markets; and price comparisons of eggs on the Elemington and Toms River auction markets and on the New York market. 55. Oley, Warren W. Producers 1 auction markets in New Jersey. N. J. Dept.. Agr. Circ. 219, 35pp. Trenton, 1932. ' 2 N46C Poultry and. egg auctions, pp. 22-31. A list of cooperative poultry and cg,z auctions in New Jersey is given on p. 35, 56. Pear sail, Chas. H, Handen cooperative poultry. auction, inc.. Increas- ing volume of eggs and poultry handled by Handen, Conn., enter- prise. Amer. Creamery & Poultry Prod. Rev. 81(24): 876-877. Apr, 15, 1936. 286.85 N482 Extracts from the annual report of the Master of the auction. _ 57. Pennsylvania. Dept. of agriculture. Two new cooperative egg auctions begin operating. ? a . Dept. Agr. Keystone Coop. no. 77, p. 1. Karri sburg, July 1932. 280,28 K52 Gives dates of first sale and names of sponsoring bodies of egg auctions at Center Point and Farmersville, Pa. 58. Perfecting auction plans. Amer, Prod. Rev, 87(23): 542. Mar. 15, 1939.. 286,85 N432 Regulations for the new general auction of Pacific Egg Producers, - io - 59. Perkins, F, E, Selling eggs at auction. Your introduction to a now method of egg marketing that is spreading rapidly. Farm Jour. 60(10): 52, 53. ' October 1936. 6 F2212 Short article on the grovrth of country egg auctions in the north- eastern states. 60. Perrogaux, E. A. Cooperative .marketing of poultry and eggs in New England. Amer. Inst. Coop, Amer. Coop. (1935) 11: 319-331. Wash- ington, D. C. , 1935. 280.29 Am3A Development, accomplishments, problems, and price record of auction associations arc discussed on pp. 324-327. Also printed in Amer. Creamery & Poultry Prod. Rev. 80(24): 882-384, 886, 896. Oct. 16, 1935. (286.85 11482) 61. Perrogaux, E. A., Wright, B. C. , and Bros sler, E. G. , Jr. Factors affecting prices at two Connecticut QgQ auctions. Conn. (Storrs) _ Agr. Sxpt. St a. Bull. 225, 24pp. Storrs, 1938. Prices of eggs were studied at the Hartford and Hamden auctions in July and October, 1935, and' January and April, 1936. Weight, grade and color, In tho order named, were the three most important quality factors in determining prices paid for eggs. The study also, includes a. history and description of the auctions, graphs and tables, and three appendices. Titles of appendices are: I. Effect of the supplies of different sizes of eggs on price per pound; II. Seasonal variation in average prices per dozen for cases of different gross weights; III. Notes on statistical analysis. 62. Pierce, Howard C. The poultry and egg industry in Europe. U. S. Dept. Agr. Bull. 1385, 60pp. Washington, D. C, 1926. l~Ag84B A description io given on pp« 54-55 of the noiseless egg auction in use in Amsterdam, Rotterdam, . and other sections of the Netherlands* 63. Producers operate eQG auction. U. S. Dept. Agr., Ext. Serv. Ext. Serv. Rev. 3(5): 78. May 1932. 1 Ex892Ex Describes and gives a brief history of the qqc; auction conducted by the Bucks County (Pa») Producers* Cooperative Association. 64. Sanders, S. D. Co-op poultry experiences. U. S. Earm Credit Admin. News for Fanner Co-op. 5(ll): 15-18. February 1939. 166.2 N47 Egg auctions in east, p. 16. . 65. Scanlan, John J,, and Lennartson, Roy W. Auctioning poultry and eggs cooperatively, U. S. Farm Credit Admin. News for Farmer Coop. 4(6): 5, 17-18. September 1937. 166,2 N47 A rd'sune' of the development of the auctions, which includes a map showing the location of all auctions in existence in 1937^ pictures of auctions in action, and a list of twelve "conditions which at present seem to have been of major importance in this development." - 11 - 66. Scanlan, John J. Cooperative egg and poultry auction marketing associa- tions. Coop. Marketing Jour. 7(6): 145-148. November-December 1933, 230.28 C7S24 "The most recent, important, and rapidly growing development in the cooperative- marketing of eggs and poultry has been that of. the cooperative auction association in the areas close to the large eastern markets, especially New ¥ork ? Philadelphia, and Boston." A sunnary of some essentials for success is presented and lists of the advantages and disadvantages of auction type of association are given. 67. Scanlan, John J., and Lennartson, Roy W. Cooperative egg and poultry auctions. U. S. Dept. Agr., Bur. Agr. Econ. Agr. Situation 22(2): 16-18. Feb. 1, 1938. 1 Ec7Ag This is a brief history of the associations which includes a map showing the locations of the auctions. "Three basic conditions should exist for the successful . operation of a cooperative associa- tion marketing eggs or poultry, or both, by the auction method: i« Relatively heavy product ion... 2. Nearness to large consuming centers.. .3. Patronage of large number of buyers." A fourth "probably should be added; that is, location in a generally deficit producing area. " 68. Scanlan, John J,, and Lennartson, Roy W. Egg auctions after 8 years. U. S. Farm Credit Admin. News for Farmer Coop. 5(3): 12-14.- June • 1938. 166.2 N47 _" '_ The cause for success of the auction associations - producer satisfaction. A questionnaire obtained the reasons of 675 producers for joining the associations, and the extent to which the benefits received met their expectations. 69. Shackelton, E. E. Marketing Pacific coast eggs. Amer. Inst. Coop. Amer. Coop. (1935)11: 332-337. Washington, D. C. , 1935. 280.29 Am3A Explains the importance of the auction. in developing the business of the Pacific Egg Producers, and its gradual decline as the Asso- ciation 1 , began to ship direct to customers. . . '" 70. She ay, John. Cooperative egg auctions in Indiana. Coop. Jour. 12(6): 149-150. November-December 1938. 280.28 C7824 The first egg auction in Indiana was opened on July 7, 1938. This article reviews the results of auction selling in Gary, Indiana, and Versailles, Ohio (which serves eastern Indiana and western Ohio farmers) and relates the advantages and disadvantages of auction marketing., 71. Stains, C. H. Assembling our eggs and poultry. Amer. Prod. Rev. 86(7): 192-193. June 15, 1938. 286.85 N482 . Address delivered at conference of Northeastern Egg and Poultry Cooperatives, New Brunswick, N. J., on how the Flemington Auction Market Cooperative Association, Inc., assembles its eggs .and poultry. r 1,2 - ■ • • 72. Stains, C. H. Flemington, N. J., auction market. Rural New Yorker 97: 130-131. Feb. 12, 1938. 6 E88 The history of the Flemington auction by its manager, with a list of six reasons for the success of a cooperative. 73. Stuart, George A. Newer phases of auction marketing: .Development of egg auction markets in Pennsylvania* Natl. Assoc* Marketing Of- ficials. Proc. (1932)14: 25-26. en. p. 19333 280.39 N213P A study of costs and volume of sales. Tables -compare salaries paid in the five Pennsylvania auctions; and .compare prices at these auctions with those in ITew York city and the Flemington and Vine- land, auctions in Hew Jersey. 74. Taylor, R, S, Problems involved in the marketing of eggs by the auction method. Amer. Inst. Coop.. Amer. Coop. 1932: 342-347. Washington, D. C, 1932. 280.29 Am3A . * Discu-jsion, pp. 347 T 348. Problems mentioned are: uniform volume at sales; the in-and-outer and the surplus member; educating the members to grades; weight buying; bidding by proxy; candling all or a part of the eggs. 75. Todd, Leon. The poultry and egg auction markets of New Jersey; N. J. Dept. Agr. Circ. 273, 16pp. Trenton, ' 1937. 2 N46C A map shows the location of six New Jersey egg and poultry auctions. A page for each auction shows a photograph of the build- ing, location, time of soles and volume handled in 1936. Conditions of sales, essential points of auction law, and New Jersey standards for eggs and poultry, are also given. 76. Treat, Ralph B. Egg auctions - a demonstration of- auction selling. Amer. Inst. Coop. Amer. Coop. (1936)12: 351-355. Washington, D. C, 1936. 280.29 Am3A A discussion, by the manager of the Wooster (Ohio) Cooperative Poultry Association, of the value of the auction and of the movement of eggs through the Wooster, Ohio, egg auction from the moment they are received. 77. Treat, Ralph B. Government grading at t]&e Wooster egg auction. In. Ohio.. Dept. of agriculture, Div. of markets. Ohio Federal-State egg and poultry grading service, compiled by Ray C. Wiseman, pp. 41-42. Columbus, 1938. 280.347 0h30h 78. Treat, Ralph B. Operating an egg auction. U. S. Farm Credit Admin. News for Farmer Coop. 3(6): 7, 12, 13.. September 1936. 166.2 N47 "The auction system of marketing eggs at country points originated in New Jersey in 1930' and spread quite rapidly into surrounding States. At the present time there are more than 20 producer-owned auction associations located in New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Connecti- cut, New York, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Ohio. This method - 13 - of egg marketing has "been constantly expanding, and there, is no apparent reason why it should not expand further." Hoy/ those auctions "operate is described in the article. 79. Underkofflcr, Elmo. Development of Pennsylvania CQg marketing coopera- tives. Perm State Famer (a. y.) • 3(11) : 39, 53. November 1937. 276.3 P38 . There are five egg auctions owned rnd operated by Pennsylvania poultrymen. The article is illustrated by. a picturo of the Irl- County Egg Auction at Center Point. 80. U. S. Porn credit administration. Cooperative e^r; auctions fill defi- nite need. U. S. Farn Credit Admin. Hows for Pamcr Coop. l(3): 8-9. June 1934. 166.2 E47 Brief summary of the trie of organisation. Gives the number of .auction ass^eio.tions in each state at the time of writing. 81. U. S. Parm credit administration. Egg auction cuts selling charge. U. S.Farm Credit Admin. Hews for Parmer Coop. 3(5):~14. - August 1936. 166. 2. H47 Selling charges have been cut by the New Hampshire Egg Auction .which started its third year of operation in June 1936. 82. U. S, Earn credit administration. Egg auction opened near Boston. U." S. Farm Credit Admin. Hews for Parmer Coop. 1(4): 11. July 1934. 166.2 IM-7 Consists of one paragraph on the opening of the auction at Derry, II. H. 83. U. S. Farm, credit administration. Egg auctions odd farmers. U. S. Parm Credit Admin. Hews for Former Coo">. 4(9): 19. December 1937. 166.2 1147' " ' Reports an interview with J. Hansell French, Secretary of Agri- culture of Pennsylvania. Figures' ore. given showing that farmers who sold eggs through Pennsylvania's six coonero.tive egg auctions during the second quarter of 1937 received higher than market rice and felt only " slightly the fluctuations of the market. 34. TJ. S. Farm credit administration. More members, more buyers. U. S. Farm Credit Admin. Hews for Farmer Coop. 5(6): 17. .September 1938. 166.2 H47- Development of the Derry, IT. H. , Auction, which continues to .Pay rebates to members, 'when profits are made. 35. U. S. Farm credit administration. "Ohio's first cqq auction" .operates on snail margin. U. S. Farm Credit Admin. News for Former Coop. 1(7): 5. October 1934. 166.2 H47 •Three paragraphs give the cost of operation of the Wooster, Ohio, c giS aulction, ond describe the economies effected. -I4- 86. cWadham, Philip^ Auction soiling in Connect i cut. Amer. Creamery & Poultry Prod. Rev. 79(ll): 366. Jan. 16, 1935. 286.85 N482 Extracts from a report made oy Philip Wadham, auction master of the Connecticut Farriers 1 Cooperative Auction Associati on, at the second annual meeting of the association. 87. White eggs at auction. .Advantages cf this plan considered "by California producers. N. Y. Prod. Rev. and Amer. Creamery 56(4): 186, 187, 188. May .23, 1930. 286.85 N482 - '_'_ A reprint of an article fron the April, 1930, issue of Nulaid News, published "by the Poultry Producers of . Central California, Inc. The effects and benefits of auction selling of Pacific Coast white eggs in ITcw York are summarized, ._. . . 88. Wright, Bertram, Egg auction price factors." Conn. State Col. Econ. Digest for Conn. Agr., no. 68, pp. 566-568. Storrs, April 1937. 275.28 Ec7 Data given include prices paid for eggs during the first four sales at farmers * cooperative egg auctions at West Hartford and Hamden, Conn., in July, and October, 1935 and January and April, .1936. "While variations in gross weight per Case had greater effect than any other factor,,. the relative importance of this factor was greater or smaller according to the season of the year." Grade and color were the ether price-determining factors. SOURCES CONSULTED Card catalogues of the libraries of the U. S, Department of Agriculture and the Bureau of Agricultural Economics. Agricultural Economics Literature, v. 1, no. 1, January 1927 to v. 13, no. 5, May 1939. Pub. by U. S. Dept. of Agriculture, Bureau of Agricultural Eco- nomics, Washington, D. C. Also its predecessor - Library Supplement to the B.A.E. News, Jan. 16, 1923 to Dec. 28, 1926. Agricultural Index, 1916 to May 1939. Pub. by H. W. Wilson Co., New York, N. Y. Bercaw, Louise 0. , and Colvin, Esther M, Bibliography on the marketing of agricultural products. (Supplementary to Miscellaneous Circular No. 35) U. S. Dept. Agr. Misc. Pub. 150, 351pp. Washington, D. C., 1932. Bercaw, Louise 0. The poultry industry; a selected list of references on the economic aspects of the industry, 1920-1927. U. S. Dept. Agr., Bur. Agr. Econ. Agr, Econ. Bibiiog. 24, 106pp., processed. Washington, D. C. , Feb- ruary 1928. Day, Emily L., Jacobs, Katharine, and Olcott, Margaret T. Bibliography on the marketing of agricultural products. U. S, Dept. Agr. Misc. Circ. 35, 56pp. . Washington, D. C. , 1925. Experiment Station Record, v. 26, 1912 to v. 80, no. 5, May 1939. Pub. by U. S. Dept, of Agriculture, Office of Experiment Stations, Washington, D. . C. Lacy, Mary G. Agricultural economics; a selected list of reference. U. S. Dept. Agr., Bur. Agr. Econ. Agr. Econ. Bibiiog. 1 (rev. 1938), 26pp., processed. Washington, D. C, January 1938. Item Item Acme egg co . , inc 42 Advantages". '.'. . ... . .'.'. .1,10,27, 31-32, 65,70,76,80,87 Alger, S. E. Are C'eggY auctions worth. while? 1 Discussion of the auction system of marketing c eggs: 50 American academy of political - and social science.' Annals 8 American' institute of cooperation. American cooperation 1S26.....". ;...|io JL •/ & . £ % q • • • 9 • • • • • • • • • • • * > • ♦ • • • • 1928.. ......15 1932... 1 .....74 ' '1935 ..,12,18,35,60,69 1936., 76 1937...'... 29 Amiet, E. R.: Ohio sells eggs at suet ion 2 Auction clock, '.Netherlands 6, 62 Bell, S. W. : Co-op egg auction starts. .', .'. ....... .'.'.'.'. .'.' 3 Benefits See Advantage's Benjamin, E. W. Auction as a market outlet. 4 Basis of "the sales program of the Pacific egg producers. 5 Marketing poultry products. With H. C. Pierce 6 Pacific egg producers 1 program. 7 Scientific marketing of 'farm products as illus- trated "by the marketing of eggs 8 Selling Pacific Coast eggs 9 Should the 'cooperative agencies selling farm flocks use the auction? 10 To Conduct egg auctions 11 Bormcnder, H. W.:. Auction market practices. With C. A. Dellgren. 12 Bignoy, Lawrence: Getting the information out to the members. , 16 Bookkeeping , 16 Boyle, J. E,: Marketing of agricultural products 13 Brassier, R. £. , Jr.: Factors affecting, prices at two Connecticut egg auctions. With E. A. Perregaux and B . C. Wright 61 Breakers, J.:. Development of the ogg- trade in the Netherlands .14 Brockton (Mass.) Co-operative egg auction ass ! n, inc 1,16, 21,29 Bucks County, Pennsylvania, producers, cooperative association 33,63 Canada, Eager sville » 32 Christensen, J. B.: Sales methods - eggs .....15 Conference on. "business management problems of northeastern poultry and egg cooperatives, Rutgers university. Summary of proceedings and discussion .16 Connecticut 17,35,75,86 Hamden .61,88 . Hartford. .61 New Haven 23,48 . West Hartford 88 Connecticut. State college Sep New England institute of cooperation . Connecticut. State college, Extension service Connecticut poultry and egg auctions 47 - 16 - Item Item Connecticut. State college, Extension service- Continued Egg auction price factors... .." 88 Marketing eggs cooperatively in Connecticut 48 Connecticut (Storrs). Agricul- tural experiment station. Factors affecting prices at two Connecticut egg auctions. • .61 Connecticut farmers 1 coopera- tive auction association .48 Second annual meeting 86 Costs Maryland 45 Ohio, Wooster 85 Pennsylvania 73 Crissey, J.C.: Centralized system of marketing north- eastern eggs 18 Davis, L. M.: Eggs on the "block 19 Delaware 53 Delaware. .Board. of agriculture. Auction market in New Jersey 53 Dellgren, C. A.: Auction market practices. With H. W. Bermender 12 DeVault, S. H. , report of a study entitled "Some "basic factors pertinent to the establishment, organization and operation of production point cooperative egg auctions in Maryland" 45 Disadvantages 66,70 Dougherty, L. A.: Eggs under the hammer 20 Eastern States 64,66 England 27, 30 Erdman, K. E.: American produce markets 24 Failure , factors in ; ... 36 Fotrow, W. ¥. : Cooperative marketing of agricultural products! .25 First national stores. Selling the products of New England farms .26 Flatt, C. A.: Egg auctions in the eastern cofJities 27 Flemington auction market cooperative association, inc 38,71 French, J. H 83 G.L.F. Egg marketing services, inc.. 18 G-ilcreast, Cleveland Auctioneer can make or "break an egg auction. 28 Systems of assembling of poultry and eggs: auct ions .29 Gottshall, N. S. : How the auction functions 16 Grading and standardization. ... .38, 74-75,88- Ohio .2, 77 Great Britain. Ministry of agriculture and fisheries* Report on egg marketing • in England and Wale s 30 Gusler, Gilhert: Selling eggs at auct ion market s 31 Eamden cooperative poultry auction, inc 56 annual report 23 Hanemann, H. A. : Cooperative auction of produce. 33 History and growth 9,20,31, 60,65,67 Connecticut 61 East.... 28 Hew Hampshire, Derry 84 Hew Jersey, Flemington 72 Northeastern States 59 Pennsylvania, Bucks County 63 Holland See Netherlands 17 - Item Item Hunterdon county egg □taction. 49 Indiana* ,70 James, D. L.: Cooperative marketing of eggs and poultry . . . .... . .,34 Jones, A. E, Cooperative auction system 35 Egg and poultry auctions. at country producing po int s 36 Egg auctions in Now Jersey 37 Marketing lieu Jersey eggs 38 Net? Jersey egg and poultry auction markets' report for 1933. ". 39 Problems connected with selling eggs "by auction 40 Jull, M..A. : Poultry husbandry. . .40a Klock, H. L.: ICLock on egg auct ion ■ ,41 Lane,' C. H.': Practical co- operative marketing. With A* ■ < • . - ~-- ; r " • ......•....•••«.•.. 44 Law, New Jersey 75 Lennartson, E. W.^ Auctioning poultry and eggs cooperatively. With J . J . Scrnlrn. 65 Cooperative egg and poultry ' auctions. With J. J. Sc anion. 67 Egg" auctions after 8 yoars. v. J. J. Scar-Ion. 63 Lihinger, E. '?. : Sutler egg auction, With H. H. McDougall 43 Luff, G. M.: 'Practical hook- keeping system* 15 McDougall, H. K.: Butler cgz auction. With E. E. Liningor 43 McKay, A. W. : Practical co- operative marketing. With C. H. Lone 44 Maryland. 45 Maryland, Agricultural experi- ment station, fiftieth • annuo! report t ,,,,. , 45 Maryland agricultural society. .. .45 Maryland State poultry council 45 Massachusetts 3,35,78 • . Brockton. ...-.;.■.-. 1,16,21,29 Meal, W. G-. : Parmer and the ■ • auct ion market ; 46 Middaugh, W. S. Connecticut poultry and egg auct ions , . 47 ■ Marketing egg cooperatives in Connecticut. 48 Mid-Hudson and capital district cooperative G-.L.E. egg auctions. .12 Morel and, W. S.r Hunterdon 1 s poultry auction ' .49 National association of marketing officials. Proceedings. 1929... ..7 1930........ w.. 54 1932 ,...73 Netherlands. 6, 62 Hoermond 14,30 New - England. 26, 60 See also names of Now -England ■ States ' New England institute of cooperation. Proceedings. 50 New Hamp shire 20 , 28 , 29 , 35 , 78 , 81 . Derry 82, 84 New Hampshire. Agricultural experiment station. Eggs ■ under the- hammer. . .' '.'. . . .20 New Haven farmers* ■ cooperative auction association, inc. ..23, 48 Now Jersey.. 35, 37-39, 50, 53-55, 75, 78 Elemington. 16,22, 38, 46,49,54,71-73 - 18 - Item Item New Jersey - Continued Tons Mvcr. 38 , 51 , 54 Vincland .22,73 New 'Jersey. Dept. of agriculture. .51 Marketing Now Jersey eggs 38 Poultry and egg auction markets of New Jersey 75 Producers 1 auction markets in New Jersey 55 New York . . . . 35, 42, 78 Northeastern egg and poultry cooperative...... . . . ., .71 Northeastern poultry producers council. Proceedings... 52 Northeastern poultry producers council, Marketing committee, Subcommittee on egg auctions. • .52 Northeastern States 59 Ohio 35,77-78 Versailles 70 Wayne County 2 Wooster. 76-77, 85 Ohio. Dept. of agriculture, Division of markets. Ohio. Pe dor al- St ate egg and poultry grading service 77 Oley, ¥. W. Auction market in New Jersey 53 Development of auction-block systems of selling agricultural commodities in New Jersey. 54 Producers 1 auction markets in New Jersey 55 Pacific Coast 9,51,87 Pacific egg producers. . .4-5,7,10-11, 13,15,24,34,42,44,58,69 Pearsall, C. E. r Han den co- operative poultry auction, inc. .56 Pennsylvania 35,43,73,78-79,83 Bucks County 33, 63 Center Point .....57,79 Parmersville 57 Pennsylvania. Agricultural experiment station. Butler egg auction 43 Pennsylvania. ' Dept . of agri- culture. Two new coopera- tive egg auctions "begin operat ing 57 Perkins, Po S. : Selling eggs at auction 59 Perregaux, E. A. Cooperative marketing of poultry and eggs in ■ New England 60 Factors affecting prices at two Connecticut egg auctions. With B. C. Wright and P. G. Bressler, Jr.. ,...61 Pierce, H. C. •Marketing poultry products. With E. W. Benjamin ...6 Poultry and egg industry in Europe 62 Poultry producers of Central California, inc. .87 Prices..... .....39,60 analysis 20 auctions. 73,83 compared with other prices 1,20,22,47,54 Connecticut... .48 determination 10 differentials. .39 factor- in success of auctions .12 factors .affecting. ......43,61,88 influence of auction on.... 24, 41 Maryland 45 spreads. ••' .51 Quality affects prices. ....... .61 factors affecting 43 improvement, contribution of auctions to 19 - 19 - Item Item Rovrc , H . . B . : ■ Status ■ c f cooperat ivo poultry- and egg marketing in Ne\7 England .50 Rutgers university Sec Conference on "business management . problems >cf northeastern poultry end egg cooperatives, Rutgers. university Sanders, S. D.: Co-op poultry experiences. •«•* 64 Scanlan, J. J. Auctioning poultry -and eggs cooperatively. With • R. W. Lennartson 65 , Cooperat ive egg- and poultry auction marketing associa- tions. 66 Cooperative egg and poultry auctions. With R. W. Lennart son 67 Egg auctions after 8 years. With R. W. Lennartson. ..... .68 Shackelton, H. E.: Marketing Pacific coast eggs 69 Sheay, John: Cooperative egg auct ions in Indiana TO Stains, C. H. , Assembling our eggs and poultry i...,16,71 Flemington, N. J., auction market 72 Stuart, G. A.: ITcwer phases of auction marketing: Development of egg .auction markets in Pennsylvania. 73 Success 22 factors in 1,5,10,12,36,66-68 Supply, effect on prices, Connecticut .61 Taylor, R. S.: Problems involved in the marketing of eggs "by the -auct ion method 74 Todd, Leon: Poultry and egg auction markets of New Jersey 75 Toms River auction market association 38 Treat, R. B. ... ' Egg auctions - a demonstra- tion of auction selling. .. .76 Government gr,nding at the . . . Wooster egg auction 77 Operating an egg. auction .78 Tri- county egg auction, Center Point, Pa... 79 Underkoffler, Elmo: Development of Pennsylvania egg market- ing cooperatives 79 U. S. Dept. of agriculture. Poultry and egg industry in Europe 62 U. S. Dept. of agriculture, Bureau of agricultural economics Cooperative egg and poultry auctions. ....... 67 Cooperat ive market ing of eggs and poultry.. .. .34 Eggs on the "block.... 19 U. S. Dept. of agriculture, Bureau of agricultural economics, Division of .' .'. dairy and poultry products. Egg and poultry marketing.. . ..36 U. S. Dept. of agriculture, Extension service. Pro- ducers operate egg auction 63 U. S. Pr.rm credit administration. Auctioneer can make or break an egg auction .28 Auctioning poultry and eggs cooperat ively 65 Co-op poultry experiences 64 Cooperative egg auctions fill definite need. ....... .80 Cooperative marketing of agricultural products. .... .25 Egg auction cuts selling charge • 81 Egg auction opened near Boston 82 UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 3 1262 08926 6497 - 20 Item U. S. Frjrei credit administration - Cent inued Egg auctions after 8 years . . 68 Egg auctions aid farmers. .. .83 More members, more "buyers. .. 84 "Ohio^ first cqq . - auction" operates on small margin 85 Operat ing an . eQQ auct ion. ... 78 Urner, C. A.: Today and tomorrow in the marketing of poultry products 16 Wadham, Philip: Auction selling in Connecticut . . . , 86 Item Wales 30 Wiseman, R. C. : Ohio Federal- ' State egg and poultry grading service. ............. .77 Wooster (Ohio) Cooperative poultry association .76 World's poultry congress and exhibit ion, 2d, 1924. Book of one Congress 14 Wright, B. C: Factors af- fecting prices at two Connecticut c^q auctions. With E. A. Perregaux and P. G-. Bressler, Jr ......61 Wright, Bertram: Egg auction ■orice factors. 88 ECONOMIC LIBRARY LISTS No. 1. State trade "barriers! selected references. March 1939. No. 2. The frozen food industry: selected references,, January 1937 to March 1939. April 1939. No. 3. High drafting in cotton spinning: selected references. April 1939. No. 4. Egg auctions: selected references. July 1939.