4U7- 
 
 if 
 
 tamed November 13. 11 
 
 , S. DF^ARTME^^F^WCULTURl-:, 
 BUREAU OF STATISTICS— Circular Letter 
 
 VICTOR 11. OLMSTED, Chief oh 1 
 
 DATES OF SOWING AND HARVESTING. 
 
 Prepared by James R. Covert, Division of Production and Distribution. 
 
 The object of this circular letter is to acquaint the public with the 
 partial results of a recent investigation by this bureau as to the dates 
 of sowing and harvesting the principal crops of all countries. The 
 work has been in progress for the last two years, that portion of it 
 which relates to the cereal and forage crops of the United States has 
 been completed, and that relative to truck crops is in process of 
 execution. The results will be published in a series of bulletins, the 
 first of which is now in pre--. 
 
 While this study of cereal and forage crops has revealed many 
 interesting phenomena and has resulted in the collection of valuable 
 data, it i^ believed that the study of vegetable crops will disclose 
 fact- of -till greater interest and will advance and coordinate our 
 knowledge of the trucking industry. 
 
 In the investigation of dates of sowing and harvesting the cereal 
 and forage crops information was liberally supplied by those corre- 
 spondents of this department who are engaged in growing these 
 crop-, and it is reasonable to expect that those engaged in market 
 gardening will manifest a like interest in the subject of vegetable 
 growing and respond with equal generosity. 
 
 A few graphic illustrations and summary tables, reprinted from 
 Bulletin 85 of this bureau — entitled " Seedtime and Harvest ; Cereal-. 
 Flax. Cotton, and Tobacco: Dates of Planting and Harvesting in the 
 United State- east of meridians 102-10 L by James Tv. Covert ** — are 
 presented here to show the scope and thorough n<es- «>f the investiga- 
 tion. Corn and winter wheat are selected a- subject^ of illustration: 
 they are widely cultivated, are of great economic import* nee. am] 
 readily lend themselves to the purpose. 
 
 Figure 1 show- those sections of the United State- wherein, ac- 
 
 cording to this investigation, corn planting begins siniultanebusty. 
 14582°— 11 ! i 
 
Z SOWING AND HARVESTING. 
 
 Corn planting is first observed on the chart about February 15 of 
 normal years, the first planting taking place in southern Florida 
 and Texas. Fifteen days later corn planting is observed in northern 
 Florida, southern Louisiana, and central Texas, and by May 15 the 
 movement has progressed as far north as southern Maine, New Hamp- 
 shire, and Vermont, central New York, northern Wisconsin, Minne- 
 sota, and North Dakota. 
 
 The curves in the lines of the chart are a significant feature. They 
 indicate the result of influences exerted upon planting by topography. 
 
 s U»V N s A s \^^<\J^ — zzz^^ 
 
 a*** 
 
 Af** 
 .IS 
 
 MAP./ 
 
 \ *. ti 
 
 J • 
 
 zx 
 
 \,V1AR.I 
 
 r 
 
 FEB. 
 
 \f£B.lS 
 
 J' IGl BE 1. 
 
 -Lines of average dates of the beginning of lield-eom planting east of meridians 
 102-204. 
 
 soil conditions, rainfall, and latitude. Sometimes one set of influ- 
 ences prevails, sometimes another. Again, several combined influ- 
 ences may be counterbalanced, as it were, by one con! rolling influence. 
 For instance, the lines in western Kansas and Nebraska bend slightly 
 northward, instead of abruptly southward, as would be expected in 
 view of their greater altitude. The counterbalancing influence in this 
 cuse is believed to be the character of the soil which, in the western 
 portion of these States, is sandy and therefore readily dries out and 
 
SOWING AN J) HARVESTING. 
 
 quickly warms up in spring. The influence of the Great Lak< 
 shown in the sinuous line bearing the date May L5. 
 
 An interesting calculation of the rate of progress of the corn- 
 pJanting movement was made from data collected in die cereal crop 
 investigation, and is illustrated in the following chart : 
 
 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 
 
 18 
 
 13 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 3° 3I 
 
 Figure 2. 
 
 Kale of progress in miles per flay of the mean date of the beginning of corn 
 planting, Texas to North Dakota. 
 
 In working out the details of this investigation, the entire United 
 
 States was divided into approximately equal units, each about 7') 
 miles square, and by selecting units which extend in a due north and 
 south line it was comparatively easy to calculate the rate of progress 
 in miles per day of the corn-planting movement. 
 
4 SOWING AND HARVESTING. 
 
 The following explanation of figure 2 is taken from Bulletin 85, 
 Bureau of Statistics: 
 
 At the starting point, near Brownsville, Tex. (fig. 2), planting begins on the 
 average date of February 10. The movement reaches the Texas-Oklahoma line 
 on the mean date of March 12, there being an apparent six-day interval between 
 planting in northern Texas and in southern Oklahoma. The movement, there- 
 fore, crosses Texas in 30 days. The actual distance, less the theoretical dis- 
 tance lost by reason of using mean dates, is about 540 miles, and the rate of 
 progress is 18 miles per day. 
 
 From the mean date at the Texas-Oklahoma line (March 12) to the mean date 
 at the Oklahoma-Kansas line (April 6) 25 days elapse. The distance from one 
 State line to the other is about 220 miles. Planting, therefore, moves north- 
 ward through Oklahoma at the rate of 9 miles per day. The rate through 
 Kansas, computed in a similar manner, is 10 milos; through Nebraska, 19 
 miles; through South Dakota, 50 miles; and through North Dakota, 44 miles 
 per day. 
 
 It is a well-known fact that the rate of northward movement of isotherms 
 increases with the distance from the Equator; hence the change from one 
 season to another is more abrupt in the North than in the South and the season 
 of growth progressively shorter. 
 
 W/V- Gf/V- 
 /V//YG ER/IL 6NDIN6 
 
 b 4%Z~ g f%%~l mm* eeGiMMMG™? ewe 
 
 -274p<4ys- 
 
 -264 pays- 
 
 Figure 3. — Length of sowing and harvesting seasons of winter wheat. [Mean of 28 
 
 States. | 
 
 It is also well known that plant growth proceeds more rapidly in northern 
 than in southern latitudes in consequence of the greater number of daylight 
 hours, or hours of possible daily plant growth, in the North. 
 
 Now, although the length of both growing period and of growing season de- 
 creases as the distance from the Equator increases, yet. because the rate of 
 decrease in length of growing season is greater than the decrease in length of 
 growing period, the latter tends to and eventually does overtake the former in 
 northern latitudes. * * * 
 
 By referring to figure 2 it will be seen that the rate of northward movement 
 in South Dakota is not fully maintained in North Dakota. The reason i» that 
 before the spring isotherms associated with corn planting have reached southern 
 North Dakota the length of the growing period is already in excess of the 
 growing season, and only a slight setting back of the corn-planting date is 
 possible; farmers are already planting corn nearly as early as possible in that 
 region. Hence the rate of northward progress of the average date of planting 
 though North Dakota decreases as compared with the rate in South Dakota. 
 
 The vertical lines on the foregoing chart represent the time when 
 winter wheat sowing and harvesting begin, when they are general, 
 and when they end. The spaces between these vertical lines represent 
 the number of days elapsing from one period to the other. The mean 
 
BOWING AND HAB VESTING. 
 
 Length of tlio sowing season for winter wheat, according to this 
 chart, is 34 days; of the harvesting season, 17 days. 
 
 The horizontal lines represent the number of day-, elapsing from 
 the time when winter wheat sowing begins until harvesting begins; 
 the days elapsing from the time when sowing i- general until har- 
 vesting is general; and the day- elapsing from the time when sowing 
 ends until harvesting ends. These results were made possible by 
 return- from several thousand correspondents, representing every 
 agricultural county in each of the 28 State- reporting the growing 
 of winter wheat. 
 
 An increase in Length of sowing season over length of harvesting 
 season i^ also noted in the case of oat-, rye. barley, buckwheat, and 
 flax; but in the case of corn, cotton, and tobacco, the harvesting sea- 
 son is longer than the -owing season, as shown by chart 4. 
 
 SOW//VG 
 
 BEG/N- G£H- 
 A//A/G ERAL END/NG 
 
 BEG/NN/WG- 
 
 H/1f?V£ST//VG 
 
 GENERAL END/NG 
 
 D/IVS 
 
 -2/- 
 
 D/)YS 
 
 '/53MYS- 
 
 D/tYo 
 
 -/64MYS- 
 
 -25- 
 
 DAYS 
 
 -/680/iYS- 
 
 Figure 4. — Length of Bowing and harvesting seasons of field corn. [Mean of .".7 States.] 
 
 So far as relate.- to wheat, oats, rye, barley, buckwheat, and ilax. 
 figure 3 is merely an arithmetical illustration of the struggle of a 
 late-sown plant or crop to reach maturity ere it is overtaken by frost. 
 In the case of cotton, artificial selection and cultural methods have, 
 in the lapse of many generations, brought about a prolongation of the 
 fruiting season. 
 
 The soil temperature at which corn germinates has been ascertained 
 in numerous tests. The air temperature at which corn planting 
 begins in actual practice, however, has not heretofore been estab- 
 lished, but from data assembled in the study of cereal crops it i- 
 believed to be approximately 55 c F. Omitting certain localities 
 (Central Florida, southern Louisiana, and southern Texas) where 
 the mean daily normal temperature doc.- not fall so low as 55° F.. the 
 variation from 55 c F. for any city i- slight. The method by which 
 this result has been obtained i> described in Bulletin 85 and Table -28 
 of that bulletin is reproduced as Table 1 on page G. 
 
b SOWING AND HARVESTING. 
 
 Table 1. — Relationship of average date of the beginning of CORN planting to 
 
 isotherm 55°. 
 
 
 IS 
 
 
 I lire 
 
 lant- 
 
 
 3>a 
 
 f8 
 
 3 d 
 
 z - 
 
 
 f lie- 
 corn 
 
 2 J- 
 
 
 
 
 5 ~ 
 
 
 5 
 
 § Pi 
 
 
 o 
 
 c3 Q. 
 
 State and city. 
 
 SO 
 
 - = 
 
 a 
 
 
 State and city. 
 
 
 9 SP 
 
 =-5 
 
 B&2 
 
 State and city. 
 
 eo 
 
 a tc ■ 
 
 T5gM 
 
 a> be 
 
 -.= 
 
 E ?, e 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Sec 
 
 5 = 
 
 3 
 
 C- tx 
 
 
 ell 
 
 c 05 -H 
 
 
 *Sj 
 
 Z'=~ 
 
 
 > ti.— 
 
 Zr.~ 
 
 
 > taoPn 
 
 
 > txft 
 
 ?^S 
 
 
 < 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 < 
 
 a 
 
 
 < 
 
 s 
 
 Maine: 
 
 
 
 °F. 
 
 South Carolina: 
 
 
 °F. 
 
 Missouri— Con. 
 
 
 °F. 
 
 Eastport 
 
 May 
 
 17 
 
 47 
 
 Charleston 
 
 Mar. 15 
 
 57 
 
 Kansas City.. 
 
 Apr. 18 
 
 55 
 
 Portland 
 
 May 
 
 19 
 
 54 
 
 Columbia 
 
 Mar. 11 
 
 52 
 
 St. Louis 
 
 Apr. 10 
 
 56 
 
 New Hamp- 
 
 
 
 
 Georgia: 
 Atlanta 
 
 
 
 Springfield . . . 
 
 Apr. 3 
 
 51 
 
 shire: 
 
 
 
 
 Mar. 18 
 
 53 
 
 North Dakota: 
 
 
 
 Concord 
 
 May 
 
 Ifi 
 
 56 
 
 
 ...do 
 
 56 
 
 
 Mav 13 
 
 May 20 
 
 54 
 
 Vermont: 
 
 
 
 
 Macon 
 
 Mar. 14 
 
 54 
 
 Devils Lake.. 
 
 54 
 
 Burlington... 
 
 May 
 
 17 
 
 55 
 
 Savannah 
 
 Mar. 7 
 
 56 
 
 Williston 
 
 May 15 
 
 54 
 
 North Held.... 
 
 ...do. 
 
 
 54 
 
 Thomasville. . 
 
 Mar. 3 
 
 58 
 
 South Dakota: 
 
 
 
 Massachusetts: 
 
 
 
 
 Florida: 
 
 
 
 Huron 
 
 Mav 8 
 
 54 
 
 Boston 
 
 May 
 
 11 
 
 55 
 
 Jacksonville.. 
 
 Feb. 27 
 
 59 
 
 Pierre 
 
 May 6 
 
 56 
 
 Nantucket... 
 
 May 
 
 6 
 
 50 
 
 Jupiter 
 
 Feb. 15 
 
 66 
 
 Rapid City... 
 
 May 5 
 
 51 
 
 Rhode Island: 
 
 
 
 
 Key West .... 
 
 .. .do 
 
 71 
 
 Yankton 
 
 May 7 
 
 57 
 
 Block Island . 
 
 May 
 
 10 
 
 51 
 
 Pensacola 
 
 Mar. 13 
 
 60 
 
 Nebraska: 
 
 
 
 Providence. . . 
 
 ...do. 
 
 
 56 
 
 Tampa 
 
 Feb. 13 
 
 61 
 
 Lincoln 
 
 Apr. 29 
 
 57 
 
 Connecticut: 
 
 
 
 
 Ohio: 
 
 
 
 North Platte. 
 
 May 1 
 
 55 
 
 Hartford 
 
 ...do. 
 
 
 55 
 
 Cincinnati 
 
 Apr. 26 
 
 58 
 
 Omaha 
 
 Mav 5 
 
 59 
 
 New Haven. . 
 
 ...do. 
 
 
 56 
 
 Cleveland 
 
 May 9 
 
 56 
 
 Valentine 
 
 ...do 
 
 53 
 
 New York: 
 
 
 
 
 Columbus 
 
 May 5 
 
 59 
 
 Kansas: 
 
 
 
 Albany 
 
 May 
 
 12 
 
 58 
 
 Sandusky 
 
 May 2 
 
 54 
 
 Concordia 
 
 Apr. 21 
 
 56 
 
 Binghamton.. 
 
 Mav 
 
 10 
 
 55 
 
 Toledo 
 
 Mav 6 
 
 56 
 
 Dodge C it v.. . 
 
 Apr. 5 
 
 51 
 
 Buffalo 
 
 Mav 
 
 10 
 
 55 
 
 Indiana: 
 
 
 
 Topeka.. 
 
 Apr. 21' 
 
 56 
 
 Canton 
 
 May 
 
 12 
 
 55 
 
 Evansville 
 
 Apr. 28 
 
 61 
 
 Wichita 
 
 Apr. 10 
 
 55 
 
 Ithaca 
 
 ...do. 
 
 
 56 
 
 Indianapolis.. 
 
 Apr. 29 
 
 57 
 
 Kentucky: 
 
 
 
 New York 
 
 May 
 
 8 
 
 57 
 
 Illinois: 
 
 
 
 Lexington 
 
 Apr. 17 
 
 54 
 
 Oswego 
 
 Mav 
 
 12 
 
 53 
 
 Cairo 
 
 Apr. 25 
 May 5 
 
 61 
 
 Louisville 
 
 Apr. 18 
 
 o< 
 
 Rochester — 
 
 May 
 
 11 
 
 55 
 
 Chicago 
 
 53 
 
 Tennessee: 
 
 
 
 Svracuse 
 
 May 
 
 12 
 
 56 
 
 La Salle 
 
 ...do 
 
 57 
 
 Chattanooga.. 
 
 Mar. 31 
 
 56 
 
 New Jersey: 
 
 
 
 
 Peoria 
 
 May 2 
 
 57 
 
 Knoxville 
 
 Mar. 29 
 
 52 
 
 Atlantic City. 
 
 Mav 
 
 2 
 
 53 
 
 Springfield . . . 
 Michigan: 
 
 Apr. 30 
 
 58 
 
 Memphis 
 
 Mar. 27 
 
 56 
 
 Cape Mav 
 
 -..do. 
 
 
 54 
 
 
 
 Nashville 
 
 Apr. 1 
 
 54 
 
 Pennsvlvania: 
 
 
 
 
 Alpena 
 
 May 16 
 
 50 
 
 Alabama: 
 
 
 
 Erie 
 
 May 
 
 May 
 
 11 
 2 
 
 50 
 57 
 
 Detroit 
 
 Grand Haven 
 
 May 11 
 May 8 
 
 56 
 52 
 
 Anniston 
 
 Birmingham . 
 
 Mar. 15 
 ...do 
 
 52 
 
 Harrisburg... 
 
 56 
 
 Philadelphia . 
 
 Apr. 
 
 26 
 
 55 
 
 Grand Rapids 
 
 May 15 
 
 59 
 
 Mobile 
 
 Mar. 8 
 
 Ot 
 
 Pittsburgh . . . 
 
 May 
 
 7 
 
 60 
 
 Houghton 
 
 May 28 
 
 54 
 
 Montgomery . 
 
 Mar. 11 
 
 0, 
 
 Scranton 
 
 May 
 
 14 
 
 58 
 
 Marquette 
 
 Mav 15 
 
 49 
 
 Mississippi: 
 
 
 
 Maryland: 
 
 
 
 
 Port Huron.. 
 
 Mav 11 
 
 52 
 
 Meridian 
 
 Mar. 10 
 
 00 
 
 Baltimore 
 
 Apr. 
 
 81 
 
 58 
 
 Wisconsin: 
 
 
 
 Vicksburg 
 
 Mar. 5 
 
 00 
 
 Virginia: 
 
 
 
 
 Green Bay . . . 
 
 May 18 
 
 55 
 
 Louisiana: 
 
 
 
 Cape Henrv . . 
 
 Apr. 
 
 10 
 
 53 
 
 La Crosse 
 
 Mav 9 
 
 57 
 
 New Orleans. 
 
 Mar. 1 
 
 59 
 
 Lvnchburg... 
 
 Apr. 
 
 20 
 
 57 
 
 Madison 
 
 May 7 
 
 54 
 
 Shreveport . . . 
 
 Feb. 28 
 
 54 
 
 lit. Weather. 
 
 Apr. 
 
 27 
 
 53 
 
 Milwaukee . . . 
 
 May 13 
 
 52 
 
 Texas: 
 
 
 
 Norfolk 
 
 Apr. 
 
 10 
 
 54 
 
 Minnesota: 
 
 
 
 Abilene 
 
 Mar. 5 
 
 50 
 
 Richmond 
 
 Apr. 
 
 14 
 
 57 
 
 Moor head 
 
 ...do 
 
 54 
 
 Corpus Christi 
 
 Feb. 10 
 
 57 
 
 Wvtheville... 
 
 Apr. 
 
 21 
 
 54 
 
 St. Paul 
 
 May 11 
 
 56 
 
 Fort Worth.. 
 
 Feb. 27 
 
 52 
 
 West Virginia: 
 
 
 
 
 Iowa: 
 
 
 
 Galveston 
 
 Feb. 18 
 
 56 
 
 Elkins 
 
 Mav 
 
 
 54 
 
 Charles City. . 
 
 May 6 
 
 56 
 
 Palestine 
 
 Feb. 23 
 
 53 
 
 Parkersburg. . 
 
 Apr. 
 
 27 
 
 57 
 
 Davenport.. . 
 
 Mav 1 
 
 57 
 
 San Antonio.. 
 
 Feb. 21 
 
 56 
 
 North Carolina: 
 
 
 
 
 Dubuque 
 
 May 4 
 
 57 
 
 Tavlor 
 
 ...do 
 
 53 
 
 Asheville 
 
 Apr. 
 
 12 
 
 53 
 
 Keokuk 
 
 Mav 1 
 
 58 
 
 Oklahoma: 
 
 
 
 Charlotte 
 
 Apr. 
 
 4 
 
 56 
 
 Sioux City 
 
 May 4 
 
 57 
 
 Oklahoma 
 
 Apr. 3 
 
 56 
 
 Hatteras 
 
 Mar. 
 
 n 
 
 53 
 
 Missouri: 
 
 
 
 Arkansas: 
 
 
 
 Raleigh 
 
 Mar. 
 
 29 
 
 54 
 
 Columbia 
 
 Apr. 17 
 
 55 
 
 Fort Smith... 
 
 Mar. 19 
 
 52 
 
 Wilmington.. 
 
 Mar. 
 
 20 
 
 55 
 
 Hannibal 
 
 ...do 
 
 54 
 
 Little Rock. . 
 
 Mar. 15 
 
 52 
 
 Mean temperature for the 127 cities, 55 c 
 
sow INC AND HARVESTING. t 
 
 The following table is one of several useful compilations resulting 
 from the study of dates of sowing and harvesting the cereal crops of 
 this country : 
 
 Table 2. Mean dates of sowing and harvesting AVINTKH WHEAT in the 
 
 United States, by States, in chronological order. 
 
 
 Vermont 
 
 South Dakota. . 
 Pennsylvania. . 
 
 Minnesota 
 
 Michigan 
 
 Iowa 
 
 New York 
 
 Wisconsin 
 
 Nebraska 
 
 Indiana 
 
 Missouri 
 
 Ohio 
 
 Kansas 
 
 Illinois 
 
 New Jersey 
 
 Oklahoma". 
 
 . iremia.. 
 
 Maryland 
 
 Kentucky 
 
 Virginia 
 
 Tennessee 
 
 Arkansas 
 
 Texas 
 
 Delaware 
 
 Alabama 
 
 South Carolina. 
 North Carolina. 
 Georgia 
 
 Sowing. 
 
 Begin- 
 ning. 
 
 A U«. 7 
 Auk- 31 
 Sept. 2 
 
 Sept. 3 
 ..do 
 
 Sept. S 
 
 Sept. 8 
 Sept. '.I 
 Sept. 11 
 
 Bept! 12 
 
 ..do 
 
 Sept. 13 
 Sept. 15 
 
 Sept. 18 
 
 Sept 19 
 Sept 20 
 
 Sept. 22 
 
 Sept. 30 
 Oct. 3 
 Oct. 4 
 Oct. 13 
 Oct. 14 
 
 ..do 
 
 General. 
 
 Aug. 27 
 
 Sept. 16 
 Sept. 15 
 Sept. 13 
 
 Sept. u 
 
 Sept. 15 
 
 Sept is 
 
 Sept. 14 
 
 Sept 17 
 Sept 21 
 
 Sept. 2:! 
 Sept. 24 
 Sept. 26 
 Sept. 24 
 
 ...do 
 
 Sept. 30 
 
 Sept. 2s 
 
 Oct. l 
 
 Oct. 
 
 Oct. 
 
 Oct. 
 
 Oct. 
 
 Oct. 
 
 Oct. 
 
 Oct. 
 
 Nov. 
 
 Oct. 26 
 
 Nov. 5 
 
 Ending. 
 
 Sept. S 
 
 Oct. lo 
 
 Oct. 4 
 
 Sept. 21 
 
 Sept. 26 
 Sept. 27 
 Oct. 2 
 
 Sept. 2:. 
 
 Oct. 6 
 
 Oct. 7 
 Oct. 10 
 ...do 
 
 Oct. 24 
 
 Oct. s 
 
 ...do 
 
 Oct. 29 
 Oct. 15 
 Oct. 20 
 Oct. 25 I 
 Oct. 21 
 Nov. 14 
 Nov. 6 
 Nov. 18 
 Oct. 26 
 Nov. 22 
 Dee. 8 
 Nov. 15 
 Nov. 28 
 
 
 Texas 
 
 May 29 
 
 
 June 1 
 
 South Carolina 
 
 June 3 
 
 Arkansas 
 
 June 6 
 
 June 10 
 
 North Carolina 
 
 Oklahoma 
 
 June 11 
 June 12 
 
 Kentucky 
 
 June 17 
 
 
 June 20 
 
 Missouri 
 
 Delaware 
 
 ...do 
 
 June 22 
 
 Maryland 
 
 June 23 
 
 Illinois 
 
 June 24 
 
 Wesl Virginia 
 
 Indiana 
 
 June 25 
 June 20 
 
 Kansas 
 
 Ohio 
 
 ...do 
 
 June 29 
 
 New Jersey 
 
 Iowa 
 
 Julv 3 
 ...do.... 
 
 Pennsylvania 
 
 Julv 4 
 Julv o 
 
 
 Julv 10 
 
 South Dakota 
 
 Minnesota 
 
 Michigan 
 
 Wisconsin 
 
 Vermont 
 
 July 14 
 Julv 1.3 
 
 ...do 
 
 Julv 10 
 Julv 22 
 
 Han 
 
 Begin- 
 ning. 
 
 General. 
 
 June 9 
 
 ..do 
 
 June 13 
 
 ..do 
 
 June 11 
 June 20 
 June 19 
 June 23 
 June 24 
 June 20 
 June 27 
 June 24 
 June 2s 
 June 30 
 
 Julv 
 Julv 
 Julv 
 July 
 July 
 Julv 
 July 
 July 
 Julv 
 Julv 
 Julv 
 
 ..do 
 
 Julv 22 
 Aim. 2 
 
 Ending. 
 
 June 22 
 
 June 21 
 
 June 24 
 
 June 30 
 
 June 26 
 
 Julv 7 
 
 Julv 3 
 
 Do. 
 
 Julv o 
 
 June 30 
 
 Julv 7 
 
 Do. 
 
 Julv 10 
 
 Do. 
 
 Julv 14 
 
 Julv 13 
 
 July 16 
 
 Julv 1") 
 
 JulV Is 
 
 Julv 21 
 
 Julv 2s 
 
 Julv 31 
 
 Julv 29 
 
 Julv 31 
 
 Julv 28 
 
 Aug. IS 
 
 Mean length of sowing season, 34 days. 
 
 Mean length of harvesting season, 17 days. 
 
 Turning now from the cereal crops, the study of which has been 
 completed, to the vegetable crops, the study of which is about to be 
 undertaken, a few results may be mentioned. Centers of production 
 will be mapped, the times of sowing and harvesting and regions which 
 compete with one another will be determined, and the range of crops 
 and length of growing season will be ascertained. 
 
 Distribution is ;i serious problem not yet fully solved by market 
 gardeners. It is desired to make this compilation of practical value 
 in the economic distribution of truck crops and to bring producer and 
 consumer into closer touch with one another. 
 
 Victor H. Olmsted, 
 Statistician end Chief of B<</r<i». 
 Approved : 
 
 James WlLSi \. 
 
 Secretary of Agriculturi . 
 Washington, D. C, November /. 1911. 
 
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 
 
 mini mm 
 
 3 1262 09216 9027