February 19U E-6L2 
 
 «_ Li v 
 
 STATE < ABOARD 
 
 United States Department of Agriculture 
 Agricultural Research Administration 
 Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine 
 
 LABORATORY TESTS OF TOXICITY OF SOME ORGANIC COMPOUNDS 
 TO THE EUROPEAN CORN BORER, I9I+I-I9H3 
 
 By D. D. ^uestel, Division of Cereal and Forage Insect Investigations, 
 and S. I. Gertler, Division of Insecticide Investigations 
 
 Laboratory investigations of organic compounds to establish 
 their toxicity to newly hatched European corn borer larvae have been 
 conducted in Toledo, Ohio, since early in 1938. Compounds that have 
 been tested in addition to those previously reported!/ are included 
 in this discussion. 
 
 The care and handling of larvae, moths, and eggs for these 
 tests and the technique employed in conducting them were the same as 
 described in the earlier report. All tests were run for 48 hours. 
 Cauliflower leaves were used as the feeding medium. 
 
 Materials were tested as sprays at a strength of k pounds per 
 100 gallons of water containing one-third pound of Areskap (sodium 
 monosulfonate of butylphenylphenol ) as a wetting agent. Those materi- 
 als that gave high mortality with little or no feeding were retested 
 at the rate of 2 pounds or 1 pound per 100 gallons of water, or both. 
 
 The materials tested and the corn borer mortality obtained with 
 each are given in table 1* 
 
 Only four materials tested at 4 pounds per 100 gallons of water 
 were considered sufficiently toxic for retesting in the laboratory at 
 a concentration of 2 pounds per 100 gallons of water, and three of 
 these were retested at 1 pound per 100 gallons. None of the compounds 
 tested compared favorably with preparations of ground rotenone-bearing 
 roots containing 5 percent of rotenone, which cause practically 100 
 percent mortality when used at this concentration. 
 
 -/Questel, D. D. , Gertler, S. I., Smith, L. E. , and Vivian, D. L. 
 Laboratory and field tests of toxicity of some organic compounds to 
 the European corn borer. U. S. Bur. Ent. and Plant Qunr. E-557, 17 pp., 
 illus. 1941. (Processed.) 
 
 
- 2 - 
 
 ratle 1. — Results of laboratory tests of some organic compounds against 
 newly hatched European corn borer larvae 
 
 Compound 
 
 Larvae 
 used in 
 treat- 
 ment 1/ 
 
 Average mortality 
 of larvae 
 
 Not 
 Treated treated 
 
 Amount 
 of 
 feeding 2/ 
 
 
 Number 
 
 Percent 
 
 Percent 
 
 
 Testa at k pounds per 100 gallons 
 
 
 
 l-Phenyl-U-tolylsemicarbazide 
 CgHeNHNHCONHCgH^CHj 
 
 220 
 
 93.2 
 
 0.8 
 
 to 4 
 
 U, 6-Dinitro-o-cresol propionate 
 CH 3 C 6 H 2( N0 2^2 O0GC 2 H 5 
 
 229 
 
 75.0 
 
 0.5 
 
 ♦ to ♦♦♦ 
 
 1 , 3-Di-o- tolyl-2-thiourea 
 (CH^CgH^NH^CS 
 
 220 
 
 67.U 
 
 0.8 
 
 to ♦ 
 
 p-Bromobenzenesulfonamide 
 BrCgHij^NHg 
 
 7* 
 
 6U.9 
 
 1.9 
 
 ♦*♦ 
 
 4-Bromo-o-toluidine 
 BrG6H3(GH3)NH2 
 
 252 
 
 10.2 
 
 0.6 
 
 ■M- tO ♦*♦ 
 
 2,H-Dinitrophenol propionate 
 (N02)2 C 6 H 3 00CC 2 H 5 
 
 I65 
 
 5.H 
 
 l.k 
 
 *■♦♦ 
 
 5-Pentame thyl enehydanto in 
 CgH 12 N 2 2 
 
 178 
 
 3.* 
 
 2.8 
 
 *♦♦ 
 
 Bensimidazole 
 
 (jgH^NCHNH 
 
 129 
 
 3.U 
 
 1.7 
 
 «■*♦ 
 
 5-Methyl-5-phenylhydantoin 
 C 10 H 10 N 2°2 
 
 157 
 
 3.1 
 
 2.8 
 
 ♦♦♦ 
 
 p-Anisidine 
 
 CH-zOCgH^HHg 
 
 169 
 
 2.7 
 
 0.9 
 
 **•¥ 
 
 5- ( p-Chl o rophe nyl ) -5-me thy lhy dant o in 
 CX0H9CIN2O2 
 
 1^9 
 
 2.6 
 
 2.8 
 
 +♦* 
 
 Piperonyloin 
 
 (CH2O2) : C6H3CHDHCOC6H3: (CH 2 2 ) 
 
 138 
 
 2.6 
 
 1.5 
 
 *♦♦ 
 
 p-tert-Butyl phenol 
 Cl^CgH^OH 
 
 157 
 
 2.5 
 
 0.7 
 
 ♦♦* 
 
 5,5-Diisopropylhydantoin 
 
 178 
 
 2.3 
 
 2.8 
 
 *♦* 
 
- 3 - 
 
 Table 1. — Continued 
 
 Compound 
 
 Larvae Average mortality 
 
 used in of larvae Amount 
 
 treat- Not of 
 
 ment 1/ Treated treated feeding 2/ 
 
 2,4-Toluenediamine 185 
 
 CHjCgH^dJHg^ 
 
 Hydro quinone. 144 
 
 Cg%(0H>) 2 
 
 2-Methylcyclohexanone semicarbazone 134 
 
 CgHg ( CH-7 ) : NNHCOHHg 
 
 2-Biphenylamine 247 
 
 CgH^CgHi^ 
 
 U,4-Diaminobenzophenone 126 
 
 (NH 2 C6Hi4.) 2 CO 
 
 Phthalamide 170 
 
 CgHl|(C0NH2)2 
 
 3-Nitrophthalic acid 166 
 
 B0 2 c 6 H 3( COOH )2 
 
 o-Chlorobenzoic acid 153 
 
 ClCgffyCOOH 
 
 4-Methylcyclohexanone semicarbazone 135 
 
 CgH^CH^tNNHCOHHg 
 
 Aconitic acid 184 
 
 C^CCOOH)^ 
 
 Coumarilic acid 175 
 
 OCgHuCHGCOOH 
 
 U-(l-Haphthyl)-l-phenylthiosemicarbazlde 182 
 CgHcNHNHCSNHC^^ 
 
 Humber Percent Percent 
 Tests at 4 pounds per 100 gallons - Cont. 
 
 2.1 0.7 
 
 2-Amino-2-methyl-l , 3-propanediol 
 CH 2 0HC ( CH3 ) (MH 2 ) CHgOH 
 
 155 
 
 2.0 
 1.7 
 1.7 
 1-5 
 
 1.4 
 
 1.4 
 1.3 
 1.2 
 1.2 
 1.2 
 
 1.1 
 
 0.9 
 
 1.1 
 
 1-7 
 
 0.9 
 0.7 
 1.5 
 1.1 
 0.7 
 1.7 
 0.9 
 0.7 
 
 0.7 
 0.9 
 
 ♦♦«■ 
 
 ♦♦♦ 
 
 «•♦♦ 
 
 «•«•♦ 
 
 t«* 
 
 «•*♦ 
 
-k~ 
 
 Table 1. — Continued 
 
 Compound 
 
 Larvae Average mortality 
 
 used in of larvae 
 
 treat- Hot 
 
 ment 1/ Treated treated 
 
 Amount 
 of 
 feeding 2 / 
 
 3 . ^-Methyl enediosycinnamic acid 
 (CH 2 2 ) : C6H3CH: CHCOOH 
 
 p-Chloro-alpha-isonitrosoacetanilide 
 ClC6Hl|iHC0CH:N0H 
 
 1, 5 _ Diphenyl-2, U-pentadien-1-one 
 C6H5CH: CHCH: CHCOCgH^ 
 
 6-Ve rat ral deny de semi car "baz one 
 ( CH3O ) 2 : C6H3CH: NMICONH 2 
 
 N-Phenyluhthalimide 
 CgH^CO^HCgB^ 
 
 U-(l-Naphthyl )-l-p-tolylthiosemicar "bazide l62 
 
 2-Bromo-3-nitro "benzoic acid 
 BrCg^CNO^COOH 
 
 N • - ( alpha-Benzoyl ) "benzyli di ne-N, 
 
 N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine 
 Cg^CCCg^COjNCgHi^CCE^ 
 
 3-Nitrophthalic anhydride 
 N0 2 C5H3(C0) 2 
 
 p-Hydroiypropiophenone 
 C^COCgHl+OH 
 
 Benzoic anhydride 
 (CgH 5 CO) 2 
 
 k* -Methyl-3 • l+-methylenedi sychal cone 
 ( CH 2 2 ) : CgB/jCH: CHCOC6H4CH3 
 
 5-Aminosalicylic acid hydrochloride 
 
 hoc^coohnh^hci 
 
 ■EfixnTber Percent Percent 
 
 Tests at k pounds per 100 gallons- Cont. 
 
 255 0.8 l.k 
 
 125 
 
 0.8 
 
 1.H 
 
 175 
 
 0.7 
 
 0.0 
 
 135 
 
 0.7 
 
 0.0 
 
 157 
 
 0.6 
 
 1.55 
 
 162 
 
 0.6 
 
 0.7 
 
 11+0 
 
 0.6 
 
 0.7 
 
 161 
 
 0.6 
 
 1.1 
 
 183 
 
 0.6 
 
 1.1 
 
 162 
 
 0.6 
 
 1.1 
 
 182 
 
 0.5 
 
 0.9 
 
 179 
 
 0.1+ 
 
 0.0 
 
 168 
 
 0.0 
 
 1.5 
 
 +♦♦ 
 
 t-M- 
 
 ♦«■♦ 
 
 +++ 
 
 ♦*♦ 
 
 ♦-M- 
 
 <•*♦ 
 
 *+♦ 
 
 ++■► 
 
 ++♦ 
 
- 5 - 
 
 Table 1. 
 
 — Continued 
 
 
 
 
 
 Compound. 
 
 Larvae 
 used in 
 treat- 
 ment if 
 
 Average mortality 
 of larvae 
 
 Not 
 Treated treated 
 
 Amount 
 of 
 feeding 2/ 
 
 Number Percent Percent 
 Teats at k pounds per 100 gallons - Cont. 
 
 Adipic acid l6U 0.0 0.9 +4+ 
 
 C00H(CH 2 )l + C00H 
 
 Benzoic acid lU6 0.0 0.7 «■♦♦ 
 
 C5H5COOH 
 
 p-Chlorobenzoic acid 172 0.0 0.7 *+♦ 
 
 ClCgH^COCH 
 
 o-Bromo benzoic acid 158 0.0 0.9 ♦♦♦ 
 
 BrCgH^COOH 
 
 Oxamide 182 0.0 0.0 +«•♦ 
 
 (C0NH 2 ) 2 
 
 Tests at 2 pounds per 100 gallons 
 
 1-Phenyl-U-o-tolylsemicarbazide 127 89.7 0.8 to f 
 
 CgB^NHNHCONHC gH^CH, 
 
 ^,6-Dinitro-o-cresol propionate 78 68.0 O.5 ♦ to ♦♦♦ 
 
 CH3CgH 2 (N0 2 ) 2OOCC2H5 
 
 l,3-Di-o-tolyl-2- thiourea 137 20.0 0.8 ♦♦* 
 
 (CH,CgB^lIH) 2 0S 
 
 p-Bromobenzenesulfonamide Sk 6.3 1.9 ♦t-» 
 
 BrC5H4S0 2 NH 2 
 
 1-Phenyl-^-o-tolylsemicarbazide $k 6l.l 0.8 *t 
 
 C6H5NHNHCONHC 6HI1CH3 
 
 ^o-Dinitro-o-cresol propionate 73 58.9 0.5 ♦•♦ 
 
 CH3C6H 2 (N0 2 ) 2 00CC 2 H5 
 
 l,3-Di-o-tolyl-2-thiourea 66 7.6 0.8 ♦♦ 
 
 (C^CgHi^NH^CS 
 
 1/ Approximately the same number of larvae were used in the nontreated tests . 
 2/ 0, none; ♦, little; +t, moderate; ♦♦«>, much. 
 
 78 68.0 
 
 0.5 
 
 137 20.0 
 
 0.8 
 
 6h 6.3 
 
 1.9 
 
 ter 100 gallons 
 
 
 5 1 * 6l.l 
 
 0.8 
 
 73 58.9 
 
 0.5 
 
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