R. I. 3162 ' '- Kt February, 1932 Department of Commerce UNITED STATES BUREAU OF MINES Scott Turner, Director REPORT OF INVESTIGATIONS MOTOR GASOLINE SURVEY, AUGUST, 1931 PART I - SPECIFICATION DATA ( U.S. DEPOSiTORr BY A. J. Kraemer and E. C. Lane R. I. 3162 Jebruary, 1932 y[ET-om OF I:7^IZoT1Ga.T10ZJ3 D2PA3TI,ENT OF COilt.-ISHCS - BUREAU OF MUSS MOTOR GA30LDT3 3UH7EY, AUGUST, 1931-^ PART I - SPSCIFICATIOK DATA By A. J. ICraeniGr aiid Z. C. Lano INTRODUCTION The twenty-fourth of a serio8 of semiannual surveys pertaining to motor gasoline marketed in the United States was made by the Bureau of Mines in Au£,ust, 1931. The first part of a report lUvin^: the results of that survey as they pertain to si5ecification data is given in this paper. A companion report, Part II, is in preparation and will discuss the results of other determinations made on the samples, including octane niimber ratings on the individual samples (to be made by the Bureau of Standards) and results of tho deterraination of gravity, color, doctor test, and "g-um" content by the copper dish method and the Bureau of Mines steam-oven method. The retail price and the tax at the time each sample V7as taken will also be reported. History of Survey The Bureau of Mines made its first sur^'oy of motor gasolines sold throughout the United States in 1915,'^ a second in 1917,*^ and a third in April, 1919.'-' The'se three surveys showed that during each 2-year interval the motor gasoline had become notably less volatile. In order 1 The Bureau of Mines will welcome reprinting of this paper, provided the following footnote acloiowledgment is used: "Reprinted fromU, S. Bureau of Mines Report of Investigations 3162. 2 Senior refinery engineer, U. S. Bureau of Mines. 3 Assistant petroleum chemist, U. 6. Bureau of Mines. 4 Rittman, W. F., Jacobs, M. A., and Dean, 3. W., Physical and Chemical Properties of Gasoline Sold Throughout the United States During the Calendar Year 1915; Tech. Paper 163, Bureau of Mines, 1916, 45 pp, (out of print; consult libraries). 5 Hill, H. PI., and Dean, Z. 'V., Quality of Gasoline Marketed in the United States: Bull. 191, Bureau of Mines, 1921, 275 pp. {out of print; consult libraries). R. I. 3152 to ascertain whether the chaiii^^e in volatility -ivas continuing, a series of semiannual surveys was instituted. The first of this semiannual series •fas made in January, 1920. These semiannual surveys have been continued without interruption since that time. During the period covered by these surveys a threat deal of study and experimental investi^^ation has been carried on by various research groups and individuals tliroughout the industry to determine the essential properties of motor fuels in terms of performance in engines operating on the explosive cycle. iCnowledge of these requisites of performance is now much more general than was any technical knowledge of ^iasoliue in 1915. This in- creased technical knowledge has been applied practically in manufacturing processes and has aided in brin.,_,in^ about a degree of uniformity of motor fuel properties. The ^erican motorist is now afforded a plentiful supply of a relatively low-priced fuel, available even in the most remote sections of the country, and motor fuel 'vhich is pi-obably better suited to the re- quirements of the automobile engine t'nan any fuels that were generally available when the earlier gasoline sui-veys cf the Bureau of I^fines were Made. The twenty-first semiannual survey ^^ave Evidence that a more complicated motor-j^asoline situation had been developing within the United States. A larger variety of motor fuels and a wider range of retail prices were enco^ontered by Bureau of Mines engineers in collecting the samples. An increased emphasis on premium quality was noted also. To make the tv/enty-second semiannual survey more comprehensive than those that had pre- ceded it, the Bureau of I'lines decided to test the supposition that local conditions in those sections of the United states not reached directly by the past several surveys were different from the conditions indicated by the samples that had been collected. Therefore, samples were taken in 19 areas instead of 12 as had been done in several previous surveys, und the number of samples v/as doubled; approximately 300 samples ^.'ere taken as compared with approximately 150 in the past. For comparison, the samples were divided into "competitive-price gasoline" and "premiiun-price motor fuels." Some investigators had felt that the practice follov/e'd in previous somiannual surveys of grouping all types of motor fuel together ivithout differentiating btjt'7een "competitive-price gasoline," benzol blends, Zthyl gasoline, "high-test" gasoline, and other "premi'jm" fuels had detracted from the usefulness of the survey reports. They felt that the data did not permit drawing conclusions in regard to any one type of fuel and tended to obscure differ'jnccs between ruols of the various types. 6 Smith, K. A. C, The I'otor-Gasoltnc Surveys of 19E0 and 1921: Tech. Paper 328, Bureau of Minos, 1923, 41 pp. -2- R. I. 3162 The Bureau of Mines tentatively h3.s decided to omit, for the present at least, its customary survey of vfinter notor fuels, but it is plaiming, to continue as an annual survey its collection, analysis, and study of sunmer motor fuels, made in Au^^ust of each year. This plan has been made necessary because of the greatly increased cost of the more comprehensive survej's initiated in August, 1930, and the lack of funds to carry on these more extensive surveys semiannually. Data Presented in Twenty-Fourth Survey This paper deals with the data of the twenty-fourth survey in accordance with the new specification for United States Governiaent Motor Gasoline, which was approved for proiaulgation by the Federal Specifica- tions Bo'ird on July 21, 1931, and which will becoirie mandatory in. all de» partments and independent establishments of the Government after March 1, 1932. "7 The samples in this survey have been classified as "competitive- price £,asolines" and "preinluii-price motor fuels," a method of presentation that was begun v;ith the tw-enty-seoond semiannual survey and har> been followed since that time. A total of 319 samples was collected for the present survey from service station pumps in 19 areas throughout the United States. Of this mmiber of atuipies, 221 v/ere "competitive-price gasolines" and 98 were "premium-price laotor fuels." JJCompetitire-price gasoline" includes ti:ose fuels that are sold at the generally recof^nized local base price and all fuels that are sold below that price. All tuels that are sold at an advance over the gener- ally recognized base price are placed in the class of "premium-price motor fuels," These fuels include Ethyl gaoolines, benzol blends, "high- test" fuels, and those fuels that owe their "antiknock" rating to the process of manufacture rather than to the addition of other material such as Zthj-1 fluid or benzol. The terra "high-test" is generally applied to motor fuels that are more volatile than the regular competitive -price gasolines. "High-test" fuels also may have (but not necessarily) a high antiknock rating. Collecting Samples All of the samples of this survey were collected during August, 1931. As in the past, the samples were obtained directly from the hose at the gasoline pump at the service station. The use of a funnel in transferring' the gasoline from the hose to the sample can was avoided whenever possible. The samples v/ere collected by chemists or engineers of the bureau who were familiar with the req.uirements for sampling. :!;opies of the specification can be obtained, at a cost of five cents, from the Superintendent of Documents, Governraent Printing Office, '/ashington, D. C. (Hot included in Bureau of ilines Tech. Paper 3235.) Lane, E, C, Garton, E. L., and Kraemer, a. J., Tv/enty-Second Semi- annual Motor-Gasoline ourvey: Rept . of Investigations 3063, Bureau of Mines, December, 1930, 19 pp. -3- R.I. 31o2 One-gallon screvj- capped tin cans were used. After a can had been filled to within 1 inch of the top, the cap (which was provided with a composi- tion gasket covered with tin foil) was screvred on and tightened by means of pliers. The use of a soldering iron to seal the tops was not con- sidered advisable. Samples from Denver, Zl Paso, Salt Lake City, Seattle, Los Angeles, and San Francisco were packed, four to a stout wooden box, and shipped by freight to the Petroleum Zxperinent Station of the United States Bureau of Ilines at Bartlesville, Okla. , where the samples were analyzed. The samples from the other cities in the survey v;ere collected by 0. C. Elade, junior chemist of the bureau. As the samples in each city were collected, they were packed, fo'jr to a box, and shipped to Bartlesville by freight. Upon being received at the Petroleum Zxperiinent Station, the samples vjere stored in a cool place until needed for analysis. ACIdW.'LZDGIEIJTS The distillation rantje determinations given in this paper vrere made by Z. L. Garton, junior chemical engineer; Reid vapor-pressure measurements by Ralph Eockenson, junior engineer; sulphur determinations by Ralph Kockenson and Russell Thurn, junior chemist; and corrosion tests by Conrad Suman, laboratory aide - all of the United States Bureau of Mines Petroleum Zxperiment Station, Bartlesville, Okla. DATA mD RESULTS Tables Table 1 gives a comparison of the sulphur content of the samples collected in the past three surveys, on the basis of the percentage of eacr. survey which had 9.C6 per cent of sulphur or less, O.OB per cent of sulphur or less, and #.10 per cent of sulphur or less. Table 2 gives a sLmilar comparison of Reid vapor pressures on the samples of these three surveys, on the basis of the percentage of samples of each survey which had Reid vapor pressures of 6.0 pounds or less, 3,1 pounds to 10.0 pounds, and more than 10.0 pounds per square inch. Table 3 gives the results of all determinations reported in this paper that wore made on the 319 individual samples of this survey, Tables 4, 5, and 6 give the classification according to results of the sulphi.ir determination for all samples, co;-npotitivo-pi-ice gasolines, and premium- price motor fuels, respectively. Tables 7, 5, and 9 give the classifica- tion according to results of the Roid vapor pressure test for all samples, competitive-price gasolines, and premium-price motor fuels, respectively. Corrosion Test The apparatus and procedure for making the corrosion tost are described in r.othod D 130-27 of the American Society for Testing Materials, -4- R. I. 5162 Hfhich is P-iven in HureMU of Mines Teehnical Paper 32;3P, and in publications of the Anerican Society for Tes-tin^; Materials, Philadelphia, Pa. Only two of the ?19 samples in this survey failed to pass this test, li'hich indicates 15iat' little fear of corrosion ae^ be felt with these gasolines at atmos- pheric ter.peratures. According to Rue and r.spach,-^^ the copper-strip corro- sion test depends on time and tejTiperature, and sone gasolines which are negative to t]:e corrosion test when raade for three hours at 122'^F. are positive ?;hen the test is riade for trjo hojurs at 20C*^?. Distillatjon Hanfe The apparatus and procedui*e for makinf the distillation test ar; described in Method D So-30 of the iF.erican Society for Testing Materials, U Five samples, or 2.2 per cent of the COTipetitive-pri ce gcsolines, failed to pass one or more of the distillation requirements of the Federal specification for United States Goverrjnent I'otor G-asoline. No premium- price motor fuels fsiled in this respect. Two of the five samples were so- called "third" grade f;asolinea-'-'-" of m;.jor marketers. The new Federal specification for TJnit&d States Government Motor Gasoline requires that, unless otherwise s^^ecified, all tests shall he made as of the point of delivery in accordcnce with the methods for testing con- tained in Part 2 of Technical F&p!;r 32Z'P. In accord-race with this pro- vision, the distilla ';i on tests for S8mplc:s co]leG;;od in El Paso should have teen made as of a b&rometric pressure of oC>5 -ulliraeters of mercury, which is the r:ean average t;:-ro-.etric pressarn recorded by the United States lijeather Bureau for ""1 Paso durinf^ the month of Aufust. This circumstance was not taken into account in iiakinf^ the distillation tests on the 7^1 Paso samples (see Table 3, p.lc) and four sainples from that city are indicated as not passing the distillation reo^uirements of the new Federal specification. The barometric pressure at Bartlesville at the tir:e that the Ml Paso samples were distilled was 739 millimeters of mercury/. A table is given in Junerican Society for Testing Materials method D £6-30 showing corrections due to difference in barometric pressure. Calculations based on that table show that the percentages given in Table 3, pafie 15 of this re:'Ort for samples collected in ^1 Paso v;ould have been evaporated when the mercury of the dis- tillation themometer reached 161,277, and 3a4*'F. instead of 167, 284, and 392"^?., respectively. The same statement may be made in another way; In accordance with the new Federal specification for United States Govcrnr-:ent Motor Gasoline, the oercentaj;es evaporated for the 'Al Paso samples should 9 U. S. Bureau of Mines, United States Government Sj^ecif iCv-^.tion for Lubri- cants end Liquid Fuels and Methods for Sampling and Testinf. Tech. paper 323B, 1927, 121 pp. ObtainfMe from the Superintt^ndent of Docir;,ents, Goverament Printing Office, '^'ashin-ton, D. C, price 15 cents. 10 Rue, H. P. and Ms'rach, Ralph, Pefininf. of Lliht Petroleura Distillates. Bull. 333, Bureau of I'ines, I'SO, 111 pp. 11 ;j-erican Society for Testinf-- V:\ erisTs: Perort of Corr: j ttce D-2 and Methods of Test Relating, to Petrolour: Products, ],931. 12 Barrinpcr, 7.. L., Pr.^s and Cons for the "Third" Grade; Mat. Petrol. Mews, Mo v. 4, IGol , vol. 2^-, Mo. -.14, p. 38. K. I. 3163 hove been determined at Bartlesville at 173, 291, and 400*F., instead of 167, 234, and 392°?., respect ivelj', because of the effect of a barometrlo prespuro of 739 nillimeters of mercury on oai.iples of ,^asoline thut vjere to be tieed at a mean barometric pressure of 665 millineters of mercury. It is probable that if the hij^her tenperiitures, mentioned above, had been used in deterininine- the distillation data for the Zl Paso sc-unples, all of them v/ould have passed the distillation requireraents of the new Federal specification for United States (Jovernirient Motor Gasoline. oulphur Content The apparatus and procedure for raaking the sulphur determination are described in Method D 90-30T of the itaierican Society for Testing Ilaterials.^"^ The results of deterriiinations for sulphur content on the indi- vidual samples are (jiven in Table 3. These results are evjiV-iarized in Table 4, which classifies all samples according to the results of the sulphiir determination; Table 5, shov/in^ these data for the coapetitive-price gaso- lines; and Table 6, which classifies proriiun-price r.otor fuels according to results of the sulphur determination. The data of Tables 4, 5, and 6, compared v;ith similar data for previous surveys, are sur,]narized in Table 1, Table 1.- Sulphur content of motor fuel samples Sur- vey Date 0.06 per cent or less 0.08 per cent or less 0.10 per cent or less /ai,-"- per cent Coiap.^ per cent Prem."^ per cent 1 All, per cent Comp . '; per cent r Prem . , per cent per cent Comp.? per cent Prem.'^ per cent 22nd Aut,.,1930 54.4 53.6 54.8 75.8 74.2 73.1 85.6 84.5 87.5 aSrd Har.,1931 53.1 54.0 51.5 66.6 67.5 64.6 85.8 83.9 89.3 24rth Aue.,1931 59.9 1 61.1 57,1 74.9 75.1 74.4 87.6 86.4 90.8 i.i 1 samples 2 Competitive-price giiasolines 3 Prer::ium-price motor fuels The data in this table show tliat the sampleo obtained in this survey had a smaller avor-i^e sulphur content than either of the tv7o preced- in{\ surveys. This is contrary to nhat might be expected, as normally sul- phur content is somenhat hi(_,hcr during the sui:)rier months, due to refiningj practice and also to the fact that a somewhat smaller proportion of natural Caaolino, which has a loiv sulphur content, is used in corimercial motor fuels durinjj, the summer months because a lower Hoid vapor pressure is rc- 13 See footnote 11. -6- H. I. 3162 quired at that time. The authors tentatively suggest the hypothesis that the lower sulphur content of raotor fuels is due in part at least to the great tiuantity of low-^iulphur gasoline that has been produced fron East Te7\-as criide oil during the past year and to a reduction in the production of crude oil containing larger proportions of sulphur, notably Jest Texas cmde oil. As shoim by Table 1, 37.6 per cent of all samples, 36.4 per cent of the competitive-price motor fuels, and 90.3 per cent of the premium- price motor fuels, had 0.10 per cent of sulphur or less and therefore came within the limit of the Federal specification. This is a larger percent- age of passing samples than was indicated by r-ither of the tvro preceding siirveys . rieid Vapo r Pressure mie apparatus and procedure for making the Re id vapor pressure determination are described in Method D 323-31T of the Ai".ierican Society for Testing Materials. -'■'*■ The results of determinations of Reid vapor pressure on the individual samples are given in Table 3, These results are summarized in Table 7, which gives the classification of all samples according to the results of the Reid vapor pressure test; Table 8, which gives these data for the competitive-price gasolines; and Table 9, which shov;s the classi- fication of the premium-price motor fuels according to the results of the Reid vapor pressure determination. The data of Tables 7, 8, and 9, com- pared with similar data for previous surveys, are simimari::ed in Table 2. Table 2.- Vapor pressure of motor fuel samples Sur- vey Date 8 pounds or less 8.1 to 10 pounds Over 10 pounds 1 All,^ Comp.f 3 Prem. , All,-'- Comp 2 > Prem. , ^l,-*- 2 Comp . , Prem.^ per per per per per per per per per cent cent cent cent cent cent cent cent cent 22nd Aug., 19 30 80.9 78,9 84.6 19.1 21.1 15,4 - - - 23rd Mar . , 1931 28.5 22.2 40.0 51.6 i55.1 1 45.7 19.9 22.7 14.3 24th Aug., 1931 68.0 64.2 76.5 31.7 35.3 23.5 0.3 0.5 1 1 All samples 2 CompotitivG price gasolines 3 Prerriium price motor fuels Table 7 shows that 102 samples, or 32,0 per cont of all samples, failed to pasa the optional maximum re.iuiromont of the nuv; Federal spoci- fic^ition for United States Governraent Motor Gasoline, which limits the 14 See footnote 11, R.I. 3162 15 Seii vapor pressure to 3 pounds p«r s^luaro inch. Tables 8 and 9 show that 79 of those samples, or 35.7 per cent, wex'o conipctitive-prico motor i'uels, and rs samples, or 23.5 t}ct cent, were prenium-pr i cc motor fuela. Tte^ eflect of vapor pressure on automotile pc,rforraance is discnaaci by BHll^eman, 'Thite, and Gary.-*-^ Tablo 2 allows hov.' vapor pressures of 3s«pl«s obtained in this survey compare with those obtained in two previous surveys. Summary' St ateirx;nt A total of 319 samples wore collected in 19 areas throiighout the United States during August, 1931, for the twenty -fourth gasoline survey of the Bureau of Mines. Two hundr'd and twonty-onu of these samples were competitive-price gasolines, and 99 samples were premium-price motor fuels. This report presents the results of the examination of these samples in accordance with the new Ft-deral spi^cif ication for United States Government Ilotor Gasoline, which will become mandatory for all departments and inde- pendent establishments of the Govcrrnxnt after March 1, 1932. This analysis indicates that only two of the samples failed to pass the corrosion tost; five samples, or 2.3 per cuit of tht* ciam.pt tit ivc-price gasolines, failed to pass the distillation test; 14.6 per cent of the competitivc-prijc saso- llnes failed to pass the sulphur requirement; and 35.7 per cent of the corn- pet it ivo-pr ice gasolines had Roid vapor pressures higher than 8.0 pounds per square inch and therefore did not corasj within thp optional maximum re- o.uiromont of the Federal specification, although all of the samples camo within the specification re^uiroment of 1£ pounds. Taking accoixnt of those samples that failed in more than one rCiUirement, and including the optional maximum requirement of B pounds vapor pressure, 105 of the coapctitivo-price gasolines, or 47.5 per cent, failed to pass the requirements of the new Federal specification. This survey indicates a reversal of the tendency toward highor sulphur content that was noted in previous surveys. As has been pointed out, this may be a tomporary condition due to the increased production of crude oil from East Texas, which has a low sulphur content, aid contains a rela- tively large proportion of ^^asoline. The increase in average vapor pressure over that observed for sariples collected in August, 193C , ifi especially noticeable. 15 The vapor pressure requirement o? the new specification is as follows: Vapor Pressure - Mcuhod C. The vapor pressure at SV.SOQ, (100*F.) shall not exceed 1^ pDunds per squai'c ind:. C. The method and procedure to bo used in making the vapor pros- sxiro test arc described in Method D 323-3CT of the imorican Society for Tcstir^ Materials. The Government reserves the right to reject material (a) in those localities where the normal mean minimum teir?3erature during the month of January is greater than 27oF. if the vapor pressure at 37.B<'C. (lOO^F.) exceeds 10 pounds per square inch; (b) during the months of June, July, Aiigust and September if the vapor prescvire at 37.80C. (10C*^F.) exceeds 8 pounds per square inch. 15 Bridgeman, O.C., '"hite, E.S., and Gary, F.B., Gasoline Vapor Pressures Permissible with 1931 Motor Cars: Payer presented at Twelfth Anrmal Meeting, American Petroleum Institute, Chicago, 111., Nov. 11, 1931. Published In Oil and Qsis Journal, IJov. 19, 1531, pp. 22, 101, under the title: T-.70 Rules Govern Vanor Lock Problem. R. I. 3162 Table 3. - Motor -ca solin e gurvey, Ai irvust , 1951 Data for sa-uples .fro;'! difrerent cities BOSTON Competitive-price fj;asolin8 {Sairiple Corrosion Distillation rrmge Sulphur, V.F.I number test Per cent evarorated at : •cer 167°F. 284°?. 1 392°?. Residue cent 1 No 14.8 73.8 (2) 1.2 0.02 1 • <' 2 Ho 10.8 5S.8 (2) 1,2 .IC 6.7 5 IJo 13.0 70.0 {2) 1.0 .03 7.9 4 No 17.3 59.8 95.8 1.2 .03 9.0 5 No 13.0 63.0 97.5 1.0 .09 7.5 o No 1G.7 65.7 (2) 1.3 .06 8.6 7 No 21.6 67.6 (2) 1.2 .06 9.4 p. No 15.4 62.9 97.9 0.9 .07 7.9 9 No 22.0 66.0 98.5 1,5 .07 8.7 10 ito 15.2 53.7 96.7 0.8 .03 8.5 11 ITo 13.0 68.5 (2) 0.8 .05 8.2 Av. 16.8 1.1 .07 8.2 Premium-price motor fuels 12 Uo 15.0 68.0 (2) 0.3 .10 7.S 13 No 15.0 69,5 (2) 1.0 .10 8.1 14 I No 14.0 77.0 (2) 1.0 .04 7.5 15 No 17.5 65.0 96.5 1,3 .06 8.7 16 Av. No 14.5 15.2 68.0 (2) 1.0- 1.0 .06 .07 7,5 7.9 NZ:7 YORK Co":petitive-price tjasoline 17 No 19.2 63.7 97.7 o.a o.'.a 7.9 18 No 16.2 65.2 97.2 1.3 .03 8.2 19 No 17.4 65.9 95.9 1.5 .05 3.8 20 No 22.2 70.7 (2) 1.3 .06 8.5 21 No 20.5 59.0 (2) 1.0 .09 8.3 22 No ■->T T. No 15.6 59.6 97.6 1.2 .08 8.2 ■3 No 17.5 65.5 98.7 1.3 .10 8.5 Av. 17.0 1.2 .07 8.2 Premium- price motor fuels •64 No 20.5 70.0 (2) 1,3 .09 8.7 65 No 17.1 64.1 96.6 0.9 .09 7.9 66 No 15.9 58.4 93.9 1.3 .05 7.1 67 No 21.7 64.2 96.7 0.8 .05 8.3 68 No 13.0 64.0 98.0 1.0 .09 6.2 Av. 17.6 1.1 .0? 7.6 1 - 3 - Re id vapor Failed pressure in pounds per square inch, Znd point under 392"?. ■10- R. I. 3162 Table 3.- I,!otor-jjn sol i ne s ni-vey, A ugust, l-^S l - Continued Data for samples from aifferent cities ClSVSLAr© Compotitiv 'e-price gasoline Sample Corrosion D i st 1 .Liat .' on ran^e Sulphur, 1 number test Per ceiit ev.-r-^^ated' at : per V. P. 167^?. 254°y. 1 392"?. Residue cent 89 No 17.0 56. C 93.5 1.0 0.06 8.5 70 No 16.6 60.6 97.6 1.2 .02 7.8 71 No 15.8 65.3 97.8 1.2 .04 8.7 i 72 No 13.1 51.6 93.6 1.2 ■ .03 7.5 ; ' "/^ No 12.2 65.7 95.7 1.3 .04 6.5 /'4 No 22.1 66.1 96.1 1.2 .08 9.2 75 No 16.8 64.3 97.8 0.7 .08 8.4 76 No 17.7 54.7 93.7 1.3 .03 8.6 i '-"^ No 18.0 67.0 96.0 1.2 .03 7.8 I rn No 11.9 73.9 (2) 1.1 .03^ 5.8 i 79 No lb. 2 61.2 97.2 0.8 .12^ 6.9 i 80 No 15.0 58.5 97.0 1.2 .09 7.2 Av. 16.0 1.1 .06 7.8 FroniuEi-price motor fuels 81 :^o 15.7 69.2 97.2 0.8 .04 6.5 82 No 15.8 71.8 97.3 1.2 .06 6.9 83 No lo.7 68.2 97.2 0.8 .07 7.0 84 No 1G.2 69.2 98.2 0.8 .12*^ 7.2 Av. 16.6 ; G.9 .07 6.9 ATLANTA >onpptitive-price gasoline 85 No 17.2 60,7 91.7 1.3 0.01 8.2 86 No 22.5 06.0 93. 5 0.8 .08 . 8.2 87 No 17.3 57.3 91.8 1.1 .07 8.0 88 No 13.7 56.2 94.7 1.2 .05 6.9 89 No 15.9 65.4 95.9 1.3 .02 6.6 90 No 16.8 60.8 95.8 1.2 .06 7.3 91 No 16.0 58.5 94.0 1.0 ,06 7.5 92 No 17.1 59.6 95.6 1.3 .05 7.6 93 No 13.6 08.6 97.1 1.4 .09 8,0 94 No 17.3 66.8 95.8 1.4 .05 7,1 95 No 17.2 63,2 ' 94.2 1.3 .06 7,7 96 No 14.9 56.9 97,9 1.3 .06 7.5 Av. No 16.0 59.5 97.0 1,1 "' .2 .p9 .06" 7.5 7.5 rrjir^-''iiir:-T'r ice -.v*;').- IV"-' IG 98 No 14.0 60, (• i 3 .02 n Q 1 .O 99 No x8.7 o5.7 :7.7 1.0 .09 7.2 100 No .ir^.o 88. J 18) -••2 .06 6.5 Av. 15.4 ]..2 .06 7.2 1 - Held vapor pressure in pounds per square inch. 3 - Failed. 2 - Snd point under 392**?. -11- h .i . OlOt. Table Z. - -'o'tO£.-:£J^'5oline_^vujr(^_y , Au^.-urit, 1951 Data for snnrles fron different cities Continued ' TCAOO Com rietitive- jirice j«8£ oline e "j Sulphur, .-.•a.i7lo Corrosion Distillation ran, V.P.^ ' luuber test ■""er cent evaj^orated at; per 167<=r. 284*7. ' 392*F. Residue cent , 101 i-.lo 16.2 61.7 94.7 0.8 0.03 C5 .6 102 No 34.4 71.4 95.4 1.0 .09 .15'^ 9.7 i ].05 ro 15.7 61.7 98.2 0.8 8.2 104 \05 No No 17.4 10 . 2 59.4^. 48. 7'^ ('^ 3 1.2 1.3 .03 .17^^ 8.4 1 . X .105 Ho 18.0 63.5 (S) 0.9 6.7 j 107 No 16.2 60.2 96.7 0.8 .04 8.1 . 108 No 15.5 56.0 91.5 0.8 .04 0.1 , 10?' Fo 15 . 7 L)0 • ^^ 95.2 0.8 .04 .18^ 8.6 110 ITo 19.6 62.1 93.6 1.2 8.4 111 ITo 16.1 62.6 94.6 3 .3 .3.0 8.4 312 llo 15.5 61.3 95.0 1.3 .02 8.3 113 !:o 18.6 31.5 94.6 1.2 .03 . 22''^ 9.2 114 ro 13.4 55 . 9 93.4 0.8 7.1 115 no 14.4 56.9 ^v3.9 1.3 .03 7.2 116 To 13,5 70.5 (2) 1.8 .03 7.6 Av. 16 . Q 1.1 .08 8.1 Frexniur -T).vi ce notor fuels 117 !^o 13. S 61.9 96.9 1.3 .06 8.4 118 ITo 16.2 79.7 (2) 0.8 .04 7.5 119 I'To 18.0 72.0 99.2 0.8 .06^ 8.3 120 Av. No 10.6 14.7 57.6 97.6 1.3 .16^ .08 5.0 7.8 1.0 I^l? ORLEANS C on fie t i t i ve - pr ice ga s o3. i ne 3.31 r.0 15.2 64.2 95.7 0.8 0.01 7.4 122 T'o 14.8 63.8 95.8 1.0 .04 7.5 j 123 No 19.0 65.5 97.0 1.0 .07 8.3 124 No 14.4 57.4 96.4 1.1 .08 7.5 1 125 No 16 . 2 66.2 97.2 0.8 .03 8.9 \ 125 No 19.5 65.5 {■^) 1.3 .06 8.4 127 No 12.0 52.0 93.5 1.0 .06.. 5.7 128 No 19.7 64.7 97.2 1.1 .20'' 8.9 129 No 16.9 57.9 97.4 1.1 .08 8.0 130 No 16.4 65.4 95,9 0.8 •°^3 .17"^ 7.2 131 No 14.0 61.0 97.5 0.8 6.7 132 Av. No 17.3 64.8 95.3 0.9 i.o .02 .07 8.0 7.7 16.3 Preniun-p rice motor fuels 133 No 15.0 59.0 99,0 1.0 .08 7.2 134 NO 11.9 56.4 98.9 1.1 .09 5.1 135 No 18.8 76.8 (?.) 1.2 .05 6.6 136 No ^ 15.9 75.9 (2) 1.1 .02 6.3 AV. 15.4 1.1 .06 6.6 1 - Reid vfjpor 3 - Failed jressur(i in pounds per sqtia:^e inch. l",nd point under -12- R.I. 3162 Table 3. - Motor -gasol ine survey , Augus t,__l 951 - Continued Data for Eai".roles fivsn different cities IhOITIS Competitive -price ,F. 2840F. 3920F. Residue cent ■::C5 No 12.8 54.3 95.3 t:2~ Trace 6.5 ;:06 No 18.3 56.3 92,3 1.2 0.04 9.f) 207 I'To 12.2 64.2 94.7 1.0 •C3^ 6.4 ;c3 No 15.1 66.6 97.6 0.9 .13^ 8.0 ■T9 No 18.0 65.0 97.5 1.0 .04 .8.5 IG No 14.9 62.4 97.4 1.1 .07 7,6 11 No 17.1 68.6 97.6 0.9 .01 7.4 U2 No 15.1 57.6 94,1 G.S .09 B.4 ■13 No 15.3 34.3 91.8 1.1 .04 e.o 214 No 13.5 58.5 91.5 1.3 .03 6.6 215 No 13.1 60.1 9E.1 1.1 .02 6,9 Slo No 15.8 64.3 95.3 1.2 .02 7,0 217 No 17.6 70.1 98.9 1.1 .01 8.2 Av. 15.3 1 1.1 .04 7.6 P ■ 14.7"" remiu5i-price motor fuels HIB No 61.7 97.1 0.3 .09 7.4 219 No 13.7 69.2 96.2 0.8 .03 6.9 220 No 11.8 59.8 92.8 1.2 .01 5.7 221 Ix'O 16.2 64.7 97.7 O.B .08 7,1 222 No 17.3 69.3 97.3 1.2 .162 6.8 223 No l":.? 75.7 (s) 0.3 .05 7.1 Av. 15.2 0.9 .07 6.8 3L PASO Competitive -price ^'asollne 224 No ■ ■■s'.s* ■■ 49.8^ 88.8'^ 1.1 "^ 0.14-^ 5.8 225 No 10 »7 54.2 96.2 1.2 .10+ 6.8 226 No 9.54 52.0 92,0 o.a .152 m tJ 227 No 12.2 55.7 90,7 0.8 .122 6.C 228 No 14.0 66.0 96, C 1.0 .1^ .13^ .13"^ 6.4 229 Av. No 10.3 10". 9 54.8 90.8 1.2 1.0 6.0 6.0 P remium-price notor f ucls :30 No ■■■7.5*" 65.8 (3) 0.7 •^^0 4.4 231 No 10.3 56.8 97.8 1.2 .ll2 4.7 :-.32 No 8.2-^ 65.2 (3) 1.1 .09 4.0 ::.33 No 11.5 69.0 (3) 0.8 ,06 5.9 234 No 12.2 71.2 (3) C.8 .07 6.2 235 No 20.2 78,2 (3) o.s .05 7.7 Av. 11.7 0.9 .08 8.0 1 - Raid vapor pressure^^in pounds per square inch. 3 - 2nd point under 392 F. 2 - Failed. 4- See page 5, -15- . I. 31C2 Table 3. - I'Totor-gasQline survny, August, 1951 - Continued Data for sarmles from different cities D '^T^^ Con-netitive- ■price ge. soline ...Xivle Corrosion Distillation ranjc Sulphur, Y.F.^ '")-'her test For cent evaporated, at; rer IGV'^F. 295^?. 405":-'. Hef-'idue cent 236 Ko 17.1 63.1 95.1 1.1 0.04 7.3 357 ITO 14.7 55.7 95.2 0,8 .02 6.5 238 Fo 17.3 63.3 9e.3 1.2 .03 6.6 259 No 16.5 81.0 93.0 1.5 .06 6.6 240 Vo 17.0 60.5 95.5 1 .0 .02 7.0 241 To 16.9 70.4 (3) 2 . ■ ^ '7 6.5 242 Ko 15.7 63.2 95.7 1... TO 7.0 24.5 ITo 12.9 58.9 ?.7.4 1.. .02 6.3 244 Av. No .17.3 ■ Id". 2 60.5 97.3 1.2 .03 .03 7.3 6.8 1. re-.ium-iirice riotor fuels 245 I'o 23. 7 66 . 7 96.7 1.3 .02 8.1 243 No 15.3 36 .3 96.8 1.2 .07 5.1 247 !"o 23.5 73.0 '^') O.S .03 8.6 Av. 22.5 1.1 .04 7.3 »-'x_Lx ' ji ■ 3 CITY-*- Cor.petitive-price fasolir.e 248 No IB.G 56.8 {^) 1.0 0.02 7,5 249 No 13.9 58.9 97.4 O.S .02 6.4 250 No 18.4 60.4 96.4 1.1 7.3 251 No 20.4 60.4 96.9 1.1 .62 7.8 252 No 20. C 64.5 96.0 1.0 .04 7.1 253 No 16.0 61.0 96.5 1.0 .03 7.5 254 No 20.5 70.0 95.0 0.9 .01 7.3 255 No 20.4 65.9 97.4 0.9 .03 7.5 256 No 16.5 65.0 (3) 1.3 .15^ 6.7 25-7 Av. No 27.0 19.7 71.0 96.5 1,0 i.o .07 8.1 7.5 'roniun-price notor fuels No IP. 5 63.0 97.0 l.C .03 6 -^ 259 Av. No 23.!^ 82.8 (3) 1 1.2 1.1 .05 .04 7.1 7.0 21.2 1 - Distillation data corrected for difference in altitude between this city and Bartlesville, OMe. 3 - Nnd point under 392*'F. Reid vapor pressure in pounds per square inch Failed -16- H. 1. OJ-Oa Table 3.- Motor-g a soline sur vey, Augu st, 1 951 - Continued Data for samples from different cities Competitive-price ^'^asoline Sanipie Corrosion Distillation range Sulphur, v.P.i ira:nlJ«r test Per cent evaporated at : per 167°F. 284°?. 1 392'F. Residue cent 260 No 20.4 69.4 98.4 1.1 0.05 9.1 261 No 16.5 59.5 94.5 1.0 .06 8.6 262 No 14.6 55.6 92.1 1.2 .21^^ 7.5 263 No 20.5 64.0 97.5 0.8 ■ .SC^ 8.6 264 llo 19.0 64.0 97.0 1.0 .09 8.9 265 IJo 17.0 61. 5 94.0 0.9 .04 7.4 266 No 17.2 65.2 96.2 1.3 .03 7.7 267 No 15.1 59.1 95.1 0.9 ■.04 ^.4: 253 Av. No 16.4 17.4 i 61.9 95.4 M .05 Vic" 3.6 8^2 PreMiura-price motor fuels 269 I To 17 .4 04.4 93.9 1.1 .oa 8.1 270 No 15.1 75.1 (3) 0.9 .03 ^ 1^ o .o 371 No 22.0 79.0 (S) 1.0 .03 .22*=^ 7.4 ■ 272 No 20.0 uO .0 37,5 1.0 7.0 273 No 19.5 ■ 67.5 (3) 1.0 .07 7.4 27-i No 17.7 73.2 (3) 0.3 .04 6.4 275 No 12.0 61,5 90.0 1.0 .03 6.5 Av. 17.7 1 1.0 7.5 LOS AN(. iZL^B- "ompetitive-prio-e ^^asoline 276 No 9.03 91.5 1.2 0.14;^ 5.8 277 No 10.1 56.1 91.1 0.9 .10" 6 .3 278 Yes^ 18. 59.0 94.5 1.5 .07 9.0 279 No 12.2 68.7 94.7 1.3 •00^ " 6.7 mo No 20.0 61.0 96.5 1.3 .40^ 8.5 231 No 17.2 60.2 95.2 l.S .06 3.5 282 No 18.0 62.0 97.5 1.0 .09 8.0 283 No 14.3 59.3 92.5 1.2 .08 7.6 284 No 12.7 59.2 94.2 1.2 .06 5.8 285 No 15.2 65.2 98.7 1.3 .01 7.2 236 No 12. c 55.1 92.1 0.9 .09 7.0 287 No 15.1 65.1 95.1 0.9 .05 5 .8 288 No 13.4 56.4 92.4 0.8 ..05 6.8 289 No 18.6 60.6 95. C 1,2 .34-^ 8.2 290 No 12.0 6C.5 94.5 0.9 .06 7.0 231 No 14.4 53.9 94.4 0.8 .05,^ 6.5 292 No 16.5 58.5 92.5 1.2 .23^^ 6.3 295 No 17.1 59.1 93.1 0.9 .C" S.6 Av. 14.7 I'.l ■.11 2 -^^.3 PrGiniun-price ractoi i\iels 294 No "l3".lf 71.0 94.0 '' r.o " --^-7—-- U.7 295 No 17.0 50.0 98.0 0.9 7.3 296 No 17.5 57.3 97.3 1.2 .03 7.5 297 Mo 17.4 65.9 98.9 1.1 .05 • c' .6 293 No 13.0 78.0 (3) 1.0 .03 7.0 299 No 19.6 77.1 (3) 1.2 .07 7.0 Av. 16,3 „,i-.l ."C9 7.4 i - He id vapor ];ressurf! in 3 - DaiX point t;nder 392"?. pounds per aquare inch. -17- 2 - ]j':XDled. R. I. 3162 Table Z. - I'!otor-j..^aaoline ourvGy, Augxist, 1931 - Continued ■jjata for samples I'roni different cities SAI'T :TLt ■circo Con-petitivfi- price gasoline Sa'iple Corrosion Distillation ranfe | Sulphur, v.p.-i- nui'iber test Per cent evjiporated at: 1 nor 167°F. 284*F . 39 2'' F. Residue cent 300 Ko 18.7 61.2 95.7 1.3 0.09 9.2 301 No 19.9 61.4 97.4 0.9 . 23^ 10.2 302 Tie 16.6 64.6 94.6 1.2 .20^ 8.0 303 ITO 16.5 62.5 95.0 1.2 .05 .12"^ 9.3 304 No 14.3 61.3 96.8 0.7 ^".4 305 Ko 16.7 61.7 95. H 1.3 .10 + 8.1 S05 No 16.9 59.9 94.9 1.6 .05 8.6 30 V No 15.5 63.0 94.5 1.0 .05 7.3 308 No 15.4 58.9 92.4 1.1 .07 7.9 309 No 27.2 70.7 93.7 1.3 .03 8.6 310 No 17.5 64.5 95.5 1.0 .04 7.3 311 No 12.2 59.2 93.2 1.3 .07 7.0 312 No 15.0 61.5 94.0 1.0 .05 8.5 Av. 17.1 1.1 .09 8.3 Freniur.- price notor fuels 313 ro 20.3 03. 6 97.3 1.2 .07 9.2 314 No 21.3 65.8 98.3 1.0 .172 7.9 315 NO 24.0 78.0 (3) 0.8 .04 7.5 316 No 17.0 69.5 99.0 1.0 .02 6.6 317 No 15.4 73.9 (3) 1.1 .04 7.1 318 No 16.0 53.0 94.5 1.0 .08 7.7 319 No 15.2 61.2 97.7 1.0 .08 7.1 Av. 18.2 1.0 .07 7.6 1 - Reid vapor pressure in pounds per square inch'. 2 - Failed 3 - Znd rioint uhder 392*'F. -15- a o •H "J ■P 'n o ■p (0 1 1 -H 1 1 1 W ,-1 H 1 CJ 1 1 1 t 1 ") .iff CM .H O in 1 1 1 1 1 1 ■-! rH 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 rH CO t o '.0 • tlflll-^ll lll^llll^l t^ C7> • ■n « 1 1 1 1 1 1 'H 1 1 1 1 t 1 .-1 1 r-l 1 1 1 CO 01 t o • llllllll'-l llll'- t J) • • ^T CQ If) -^ C^ rH 1 CO i\J ^ 1 1 rH 1 1 1 OJ CM l.-\J rH CO • CM 1 r-l 1 r-l r-^ 1 rH 1 | | ( .H rH rH rH rH ^ ^0 •H CO • ■^ f.o CU CM OJ 'O '.i ej fO :-j CM 1 1 rH — 1 1 rH -^ 1 CO y3 • • r-\ r-{ I 1 fi » ^# rH t^ rH rH ( CO 1 rH ,H CO 1 t7 • CD • 1 C\J rH .H 10 1 n >-H '£> '^ :0 01 CO 1 -^ ro ^ C ij CV | '.O '-i* 1 1 -H -0 • o o • 1 1 1 1 » ■"! J PJ 1 1 1 Ol ^ 1 1 ,H 1 ,H 1 .H • CO ■H O ^ O 1 H O 2 W ,H U to CI ot;0'O j3o'-rHy r. r.) 3 t5 ctf o rH ij n, -^ o ^ o) yj 3 rtOdj3rH+>!;3!-iOC8, ^'JJf-ir-^.HdM p £3 4i > 3 o g CO .^ •-■) .H 04 > -p -p to r; M +> O rH -H S . g c3 -H ,H d rH cd '.1 C m a ^ 0^ y ^ G -4 ^0 ;4 a ^ q :i3 (f| 'o ro ^^ -o rH •P o +j et! rf-P -M o I 01 r-t I o ^ Total Pwfri^PH-'i-'a g« SH-t-'CDctMeoi t-^ 0) p p- p! e t) Oh. Ml 4 4 • o / ik-it-iicsfoit l^3l^-'llll^ • c 1— • • 1 1 llf^t^-lfOtf^rf^H' l-'J-'MH-'l-'l 1 IM • c ro ^. »-■ H^ M rv) cj I ro rji ro ff^ m t-^ en i cs (-' i t-' i • o fc3 CO O CD (-. to • to l--'lrO(-'l-^lt>3lMK-' l<^l-'C3lt\3l ll-'l o • to #' !VD ro 1 1 1 1 1 M ro 1^ 1 1 63 1 (-' 1 ro i-j *? 1— « CD to en i4^MiMi 1 iroro rvsroitfi-'tv-t-^roro « o • o ro ro « ^^ 1 ll-'l i i i h- ♦ i-- i t (_' i ^• • o • o CO 10 • o ro o '►-"iiiiiiil t-'rvjii-^cj^rf^ws^c^! CD • I-' en H'roi-'i 1 iMi ii-' H-'iroro'K'i-'Wh-'*-' *g • ^5 -v2 >-'lltiH-llil ^^^_.|^^^^^^^_' • o o • fo ' 1 • 1 • 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ro 1 1 • m CO if^ >-lll(!\;»||| lllli-^llll ♦ • ti! iiilii-^)-'iit iiiiiiwii • • ll-'lllH^IIII K-llllllll t 1 1 1 K' 1 K' 1 1 1 < 1 1 H' 1 1 1 1 1 1 cr. o M > )-" 1 < 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 cr> • to fVi 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I-' H^ 1 1 1 1 1 1 • -J • ro«^t>oititiv-j| K-'k-'roiiiiil o ro F" o 1-3 M O W o ti I e I CO CO ><, O CO CO (B O o o o CD CD CO O (3- P- rt- CD H- c+ H- O P g t m o •p •H o o o 0) n (H o g •H -P •H «H •H fJ (a a ^ I Q M PI t to <4 o u ;j| r-l ■p e3 CO o o r-( u o o o 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -H J 1 1 1 t rH rH 1 CQ CO CO rH • 1 1 --H 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 rH o • rH t 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 t 1 4 1 1 f 1 1 1 >-H rH Cvj o • r-t o • o • rH o • rH rH « CO • rH • 1 1 t 1 1 » r^ t 1 1 1 1 -t 1 1 1 1 1 J C>4 • I 1 l 1 --^ 1 1 1 1 ' 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 r-t • 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 t 1 t t M t 1 1 1 1 r-4 o • o • CO o • (M i ;v2 t 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 \ Oi 03 !f> \ r-( I r-t t ll|r-tC\2lllll 1 1 '-*> 1 1 1 1 rH rH 1 1 1 rH 1 1 | CW ,-H CJ rH .H • r-H o • llllrHJIII ||||^,H,^^,^ lO -H • o c\J^Hr^|,^r^(^J^»r^ rHii irHi ii i i rH -H • ■H CM • o rH s • 1 M 1 ?v2 1 1 J rH t N 1 J rH rH 1 ^H 1 rH I o rH • rnrilrHlrHII tlltlllrHIOJ to rH • 1 rH rH t 1 1 1 i ■^ ^ rH -^ rH I M . * Oi fi 1 rH o • 1 1 1 1 1 rH I .H t rH ; • H o • 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 i 1 1 1 'H 1 1 1 1 1 1 i-A o • rH •H 1 H O 2 n rH O 05 W Of^o-d JgwrHoJ OrHV ^i«5p3anjo,Hj^a,^ o ^v&a aodrfi'H+^toi^Q'o* W'lMiHrHCM o M -H u 0) d MO >5-pflJ:j!drtii» -p-^fa, ■^^■^■^''"'-^^ Sr,'3 4«rHfl<>+J+j ^ t^5oJ+>a3iH-HS .s ^rHrH d-Hdori O(BC0-HrH+3x!(P-P-H S^JaJrHS.iooa -P