^ LIBRARY ^ATE PLANT ..imim). STATES rEP.ARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Bureau of Entomology ^azid Plant QToarantine Washington, D. C. ■ B. E. P. Q .—359 (Supplement No. 2) Octol)er I5, I937. . SUPPLEMENT NO. 2 TO INSTRUCTIONS TO INSPECTORS ON THE TEEATIvEENT OF NURSERY PROD:UCTSi ERUITS, VEGETABLES-, -AITO SOIL, FOR THE JAPANESE BEETLE, ■ . .. .,, . PURSUANT. TO NOTICE. OP qUARANTIl^ NO. Ug Section IX of Circular B.P.Q.— .359 entitled.! "Instructions to In- spectors on the Treatment of Nursery Products, Fruits, Vegetables, and Soil, for the- Japanese Beetle", is. further supplemented as follows: .11. , TREATMENT OF -SOIL ABOUT THE ROOTS OF PLAITTS ; ..:.■. . -F. PARADICHLOROBENZENE TREATM£3^T The following instructions, "based on the horizontal diffusion of gaseous paradichlorobenzene, do not^ supplant the instructions given in Supplement No. 1 to B.P.Q,, — 359» issued August 23", 1935» "^'^^■•^o^i^y them in such a manner that the treatment can "be applied more safely to the. smaller sizes of nursery plants. ..• ,..':. .Material. — Paradichlorooonzene. A technical grade -or G. P. grade, ground into small-sized crystals, is satisfactory for this , treatment. Condition of pl-azi.ging: soil. — Paradichlorohenzene should "be mixed with a light soil, which should "be moist,, frlahle, and relatively low in organic matter. It should he sifted through a half-inch mesh screen to remove large lumps, stones, and dehr is prior to mixing with paradi- chlorohenzene. gondition of plant "ball. — The plant "balls should he moist, hut not wet, and not over 6 inches in diameter. If the soil is wet the treatment will not he satisfactory; if the soil is dry the. plants may he injured during the treatment. Season* — Treatment can he made at any time between October 1 and May 1, providing the proper temperature conditions can be obtained. Temperature^ (^.osajgie, and exposure reguiremontS' — The various combinations of temperature, dosage and .exposure which are effective in destroying the larvae in plant balls of different diameters are given in Table 5. The temperatures given at the head of the different columns in Table 5 ^^e considered to bo the minimum temperature during the treatment ^ 2 ^ Application of the treatnent — The trer. ting- soil should "be nixed innediately "before "being- used, as follows: Spread the soil in a thin layer on a sua dth surface of a floor, "bench, or other suitable space", scatter the . crystals uniformly over the surface of the soil, and mix thoroughly "by neans of a shovel, rake, hoe, or fork, turning the mass at least three times during the opera- tion. It is necessary to remove the pots from potted plants "be- fore placing them in the treated soil. When the "burlap on "balled ■ plants is of a "coarse weave which will not inhibit the proper penetration of the gas, it may be left on the balls, but when the material is closely woven it should .be. removed. When the plants ' are ready for treatment, a layer of the treated -soil is spread on a smooth hard surface such as a floor or bench, -Then, a-uro-w.-'of :'". plants is placed on this soil with the balls spaced at least 1 inch apart. Then the spaces between the plant balls are filled with treated soil, taking care .r^ot.tic get it on top of the balls • or in contact .with the stems-. Finally, about 1 inch of treated 6oil i6 placed firmly against the row of treated plants. The operation is repeated until all of the plants are in place. When completed, each plant ball is surrounded on the sides ati. bottom by at least 1 inch of treated soil, .. ' . . Care of plants during treatment. — The plants should not be removed from the treated soil during the period of the treatment.. If it iS' necessary to apply v/ater to the plants during the treat- ment to prevent desiccation, the operation should be limited to a light syringing, under the supervision of an inspector. If suf- ficient water is applied to make the treated soil or the plant n balls mViddy, the insecticidal action of the gas may be seriously "impaired, ■ ■ ' . • . Care of plants after triaatment. — The insecticidal action of the gas is completed at. the end of the period of treatment. It is advisable to avoid .excessive watering of the plants after removing them from the treated soil in order to permit any re- sidual gas to escape from the plant balls. Saturating the balls with water tends to prevent the escape of this residual gas and may cause some injury to the plants. It is possible to handle the plants after treatment by the usual nursery procedure, pro- viding care Is taken to avoid roinfestation. Ta'ble 5» — >Dosa^e, temperature, and exposure req-^iireinents for paradichloro'benzbne to destroy larvae of the JapcW nese "beetle "by horizontal diffusion of the ;g;as through plant "balls of different widths. Dianeter Pounds of • . of the crystals plant per cu"bic Days of treatment required when the nininum l)alls yard of temperature in F is within the range in plunging indicated helow inches soil k^k^ 5O-5U 55-59 ■ 60«6U 65-69 7O-7U Up to 2 1 ♦ ~ ~ 10 "9". 7 5 5 9765^2 10 7 6 5 U 3 2 20 55^321 2 ^ U 1 „„«-..-■ 10 6 5 — 10 10 9.8 U 10 9 S 8 7 6 3 20 776652 u - 6 1 -^ _ -. ;:. ■ _ • _ 5 10 — — — — , 9 7 20 — — 8 -7 6 U * Blank spaces indicate that the exposure is more than 10 days, UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 3 1262 09245 1342 ^ U -, Vnrioties of plants — In addition to the varieties of azaleas — Azalea hinodi>:iri, A. anoena. A. obtusa' kiusiana var. Coral Bells, A. kaempfori vars. Cleopatra, Fedora, Othello, and Salmon Beauty — for which the treatment was originally -re commendo'd; the preliminary experiments in- dicate that the following varieties- of plants night he treated satis- factorily "by this procediire-j ^ \ •;•■-,••--•••'.•'•''.'.•■••....'.. ■;.. ..l;:.' .'; ^.^-:■.<-,..// ..,';.' ^•:;-: ; ■. . . ^ Anemone hupehensis Acq-gjle^ia sp, var» Mrs. Scott Elliott's hybrid' Artemisia dracuncul-gs '• ■ ' ■ Aster alpihis '. ,' Campanula, medium ' '" : • " Ceratostigna pltira'ba^inoide s . ,. .. Chrysanthemum' sp. • ' ■■■..■■■■■ Plant hus caryophyllus var. Ahhotsford Pink Digitalis purpurea ' Supatorium coelestinum Helianthemum fgjlaucum croceum Iheris amara Myosotis sp. Pa chy Sandra termihalis Phlox sp, var. R« ,P'. Struthers ' Santo lina chamae cypar i s s us incana Sedum acre Sempervivum alherti Stokesia laevis Thymus serpyllum " ■ ■■ - Viola sp. var, Jersey Cem ' Viola sp. v?ir. Rosina The treatment of the following varieties of potted plaiits hy this procedure is still somewhat douhtful: Cerastium hiehersteini Delphinium grnndiflorun chinense Fraf?:aria sp. vars. Bun Special, Dorse, Jairfaj:, and Joe Limonium latifolium Papnver nudicaule P. or ion tale Primula veris LEE A. STRONG, Chief, Bureau of Entomology and Plant Q.uarantine.