[MVOa XNVlcT 3XVXS Technical Series No. 21. U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, BTJREj^xj OF entom:oi^o&y. L. 0. HOWARD, Entomologist and Chief of Bureau. SYNOPSIS, CATALOGUE, AND BIBLIOGRAPHY OF NORTH AMERICAN THYSANOPTERA, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES. UBRARY _^ BY ^T ATE PLAIW BOARD DUDLEY MOULTON, Deputy State Commissioner of Horticulture for California. Issued June 13, 1911. WASHINGTON: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1911. BUREA U OF ENTOMOLOG Y. . ; L, O. Howard, Entomologist and Chief of Bureau. =4/1/ ■ 9: .^-^ARLATT, Entomologist and Acting Chief in Absence of Chief R. S. Clifton, Executive Assistant. W. F. Tastet, Chief Clerk. F. H. Chittenden, in charge of truck crop and stored product insect investigations A. D. Hopkins, in charge of forest' insect investigations. W. D. Hunter, in charge of southern field crop insect investigations F. M. Webster, in charge of cereal and forage insect investigations. A. L. QuAiNTANCE, in charge of deciduous fruit insect iywestigations. E. F. Phillips, in charge of bee culture. D. M. Rogers, in charge of preventing spread of moths, field work. RoLLA p. Currie, in charge of editorial work. Mabel Colcord, librarian. 2 LETTER OF TRANSMIHAL U. S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology, Washington, D. C, December 13, 1910. Sir: I have the honor to transmit herewith the manuscript of a bulletin to be entitled '^ Synopsis, Catalogue, and Bibliography of North American Thysanoptera, with Descriptions of New Species." During the past few years the order Thysanoptera in America has been the subject of increased study by entomologists, not only on account of the extreme interest attaching to the insects themselves, but also by reason of the considerable importance which several of the species have attained as pests of horticultural and other crops. Mr. Moulton, while in the employ of this bureau, was a part of the time engaged in a study of two very destructive species in California, namely, the pear thrips {Euthrips pyri Daniel) and the orange thrips {Euihrips citri Moulton), and the present paper is an outgrowth of data and specimens collected during his investigation of these insects for the bureau. An up-to-date synopsis and catalogue of the Thysanoptera is greatly to be desired and will be of much use to students of this order. I would therefore recommend the publication of this paper as Tech- nical Series No. 21 of the Bureau of Entomology. Respectfully, L. O. Howard, CTiief of Bureau. Hon. James Wilson, Secretary of Agriculture. 3 CONTENTS. Page. Introduction 9 Classification of North American Thysanoptera 10 Key to the suborders and families 10 Key to the genera 11 Key to the species 13 Catalogue of North American Thysanoptera 21 Descriptions of new genera and new species 34 Bibliography of recent publications 44 Index 47 5 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2013 http://archive.org/details/synopsiscataloguOOmoul ILLUSTRATIONS. Page. Plate I. Fig. 1. — Erythrothrips arizonse: Head and thorax of female, dorsal \dew 40 Fig. 2. — Erythrothrips arizonse: Tip of abdomen of female, dorsal \'iew 40 -Fig. 3. — Erythrothrips arizonse: Tip of abdomen of male, dorsal view . 40 Fig, 4. — Erythrothrips arizonse: Eight fore wing 40 Fig. 5. — Erythrothrips arizonse: Maxillary palpus 40 Fig. 6. — Erythrothrips arizonse: Left antenna 40 Fig. 7 . — Erythrothrips arizonse: Larva 40 II. Fig. 8. — Orothrips kelloggii: Right antenna 40 Fig. 9. — Orothrips Jcelloggii yosemitii: Right antenna 40 Fig. 10. — Thrips magnus: Head and prothorax of female 40 Fig. 11. — Thrips magnus: Right fore wing 40 Fig. 12. — Euthrips citri: Head and prothorax of female 40 Fig. 13. — Euthrips citri: Tip of abdomen of female 40 Fig. 14. — Euthrips citri: Right antenna of female 40 Fig. 15. — Euthrips citri: Right fore wing 40 III. Fig. 16. — Echinothrips mexicanus: Head and thorax of female, dorsal view 40 Fig. 17. — Echinothrips mexicanus: Tip of abdomen of female, dorsal view 40 Fig. 18. — Echinothrips mexicanus: Right fore wing of female 40 Fig. 19. — Echinothrips mexicanus: Right antenna 40 Fig. 20. — Euthrips alhus: Head and prothorax of female, dorsal view . 40 Fig. 21. — Euthrips alhus: Tip of abdomen of female, dorsal view 40 Fig. 22. — Euthrips alhus: Right fore wing 40 IV. Fig. 23. — Euthrips parvus: Head and thorax of female, dorsal view. . 40 Fig. 24. — Euthrips parvus: Tip of abdomen of female, dorsal view. . 40 Fig. 25 . — Euthrips parvus: Right fore wing of female 40 Fig. 26. — Euthrips helianthi: Head and prothorax of female, dorsal \dew 40 Fig. 27. — Euthrips helianthi: Tip of abdomen of female, dorsal view. 40 Fig. 28. — Euthrips helianthi: Right antenna of female 40 Fig. 29. — Euthrips helianthi: Right fore wing 40 Fig. 30. — Euthrips alhus: Right antenna of female 40 V. Fig. 31. — Anaphothrips zese: Head and prothorax of female, dorsal view 40 Fig. 32. — Anaphothrips zese: Tip of abdomen of female, dorsal view. 40 Fig. 33. — Anaphothrips zese: Right fore wing 40 Fig. 34. — Anaphothrips zese: Right antenna of female 40 Fig. 35. — Anaphothrips tricolor: Head and prothorax of female, dorsal view 40 7 8 KOBTH AMERICAN THYSAXOPTERA. Plate V. Fig. S6.~AnapMrips tricolor: Tip of abdomen of female, dor.al "'""'' View pf l'--i^^Pl'f\P'i^color: Right fore wing of female 40 VT l'^-f^-~i''^P^^i^'''P'i'^^^^ Right antenna of female.... ' 40 \ I. Fig. 39.-Tnchothrips richer: Head and prothorax of female/dorsal view Fig. 40.- Trichothrips ruber: Tip of abdomen," do'r^^al "vVo^v 40 Fig. 41 -Trichotkrips ruber: Right antenna of female 40 t ig. 42. -Cephalothrips errans: Head and prothorax of female dorsal ^^ew ' Fig. 43. -Cephalothrips errans: Tip of "abdomen "of" "femal"e " "dorsal ^^ view ' Fig. 44.-Cephalothrips errans: Right"anienna"of fem"ale 40 Fig. 4o.-Cryptothrips californicus: Head and prothorax "of" fem"a"l"e" dorsal view ' Fig. 4Q.~Cryptothrips californicus: " Ti"p of ab"do"m"e"n of femal"e "dorsal ^^ view 40 SYNOPSIS, CATALOGUE, AND BIBLIOGRAPHY OF NOPxTH AMERICAN THYSANOPTERA, WITH DESCRIPTION OF NEW SPECIES. IK"TRCDUCTION. The many recent publications on American thrips, and especially the descriptions of new species with their added notes, have con- stantly impressed the writer with the need of a catalogue of these alreadj^ kno\\Ti species, w^ith references to their habitat and food plants and to notes on their life history. The writer is also impressed with the need, for future workers, of. a uniform method in describing new species. Several English and European entomologists have published extensively on European thrips, but it is only within the last decade that American writers have given more than passing notice to these insects. Several species of injurious thrips, in both the East and West, have been carefully studied, and these economic problems, it seems, have been largely the incentive for the other, the systematic, work. The grass thrips {AnapJiotlirips striatus Osborn), the straw- berry thrips (EutJirips tritici Fitch), the onion thrips {Thrips tabaci Lindeman), the tobacco thrips (Euthrips fuscus Hinds), the green- house thrips (Heliotkrips hsemorrhoidalis Bouche), the bean thrips {Heliothrips fasciatus Pergande), the orange thrips {Euthrips citri j.loulton), and lastly the pear thrips {EutJirips pijri Daniel) are all examples of what serious pests this group includes. Already many agents of the Bureau of Entomology of the United States Depart- ment of Agriculture and various State and county workers have spent much time and money in learning the habits of these several inju- rious forms. California, unfortunately, harbors all of the above- mentioned species except, so far as we know, the tobacco thrips. Messrs. Hood, Shull, Franklin, and D. L. Crawford have published extensively on these insects since the monograph by Dr. W. E. Hinds appeared. The waiter also laiows of others who are collecting thrips and preparing manuscript on description of new species. It seems opportune, therefore, for the sake of future workers, that a uniform method of describing species be adopted. The writer, therefore, 9 10 XORTII AMERICAN THYSAXOPTEEA. inclu.les an outline,' which has been found most satisfactorv in liis own work. Thrips are such minute insects that it is necessan- for accurate get the best results by treating them in the foUo^^-ing war: The thrips should be col ected and killed by dropping them dir^ctlv'into 75 S percen alcohol; they should be dehydrated bv passing them succes- sively hrough 90 per cent, 95 per cent, and absolute alcohol, and then cleared in xylol or cedar oil, and mounted in balsam. One speci en only should be placed under a cover glass; but by using smal" coyerglasses, two can be placed side by side on a single shde. GlycTrin ]elly mounts are not to be desired. ^ The present paper includes 118 species of known American thrins which are variously divided among 40 genera. De'^^tions fo genera, 10 species and 1 variety are herewith presented. The bibliography includes only references to recent publications. CIASSIFICATION OP NOETH AMEEICAN THYSANOPTEEA. KEY TO THE SUBOEDERS AND FAMILIES. I. SUBORDER TEREBRANTIA. Pem»Io with a sawlike ovipositor. Terminal abdominal segment of female conical and of male broadly rounded. Wings usually present; fore pair strong "st BcopicTa'r ^^"-''--'"P^d veins; membrane of win„^ with micro: a. Antenna, with nine segments. Fore wings broad and rounded and with promi- nent ring veins and cross veins. Ovipositor upcurved. «-. An^nn. With seven eight, nine, or ten s^^et^^' A^n^f pferr^: ing^when present usually narrow and pointed at tips." Ovipositor dow,!- (^O Family Thripid.e. Name. ' ^''''^^ Followed in Describing Thvsanoptera length. .Note any varlatlo™ ^ '""^"'' '"'™'""'' '™8«' "' ^'■'S""'"''' '" '"i<^rom. lolal Oeneral cilm, with wiriations. 'pZt 'iT'T""™ ''"■• """* "™'''' <='"'<"''^)' markinss, spinrs. ^^.,»««,. comparative size, shape; »a..i,tary ,.al„„s, s„a„e, so.„,o,„.; ,„,..„ „.„„,, 3„„„. ,„^. Aiemnoraz. hhaiio, conipurativo size, color. , lui. Mttathorai or ptirthorai: Ditto. Legs: Shafc, markings of claws or spines, color. pf^s,:;;;%;^u;::;:^;-:-;:~-^^ >—. ^U7nher o/spccnnens from whici. dpscribo.l «i"ni.i(la . Habitat. Food plants. Notts: IncludiriK tiino of year whon a.i.ilfs arc taken KEY TO THE GENERA. 11 II. SUBORDER TUBULIFERA. Female without sawlike ovipositor. Terminal abdominal segment tubular in both sexes. Wings usually present; fore pair only with a rudimentary median longitudinal vein; membrane of wings without microscopic hairs. Antennae with eight segments, or sometimes only seven. (C) Family Phlceothripid^. KEY TO THE GENERA. A. Family ^OLOTHRiPiD.E. 1. All segments of antennae freely movable and diminishing in size gradually toward the tip. a. Maxillary palpi with seven or eight segments; wings with bands. 6. Wings with dark cross-bands; maxillary palpi with seven segments. (1) Orothrips Moulton. y. Wings with dark longitudinal bands along posterior margin; maxilliary palpi with eight segments (2) Erythrothrips new genus. a\ Maxillary palpi three-segmented, labial palpi two-segmented; wings without dark cross-bands (3) Ankothrips Crawford. 2. Last four segments of antennae closely united and together shorter or a little longer than the fifth; maxillary palpi three-segmented, labial palpi four-segmented (4) ^olothrips Haliday. B. Family Thripid^. 1. Antennae with seven segments. a. Body with deeply reticulated structure; wings broad, reticulated, and without front fringe (5) Parthenothrips Uzel. a\ Body without reticulated structure; wings pointed, front fringe present. h. Maxillary palpus with two segments (6) Baliolhrips Haliday. V. Maxillary palpus clearly with three segments (7) Thrips Linnaeus._ 2. Antennae with eight segments (with six segments in Aptinothrips rufus var. con- natticornis) . a. Body with reticulated structure, wings present. b. Last segment of antenna long and slender and very much longer than segment 7. c. style longer than segment 6; prothorax much shorter than head; spines on veins pointed (8) Heliothrips Haliday. (/. style shorter than segment 6; prothorax about as long as head; spines on wings long, strong, and with dilated tips. (9) Echinothrips new genus. y. La-st segment of antenna not noticeably long and slender and only a little longer than segment 7; style shorter than segment 6. (10) Dictothrips Uzel. a\ Body without reticulated structure (except in Sericothrips reticulatus) . b. Abdomen having a silky luster (when living or in dried condition), because of covering of extremely small hairs. (11) Sericothrips Haliday. y. Abdomen without small hairs giving it a silky luster. c. Last two antennal segments longer than the sixth (12) Raphidothrips Uzel. (/. Last two antennal segments shorter than the sixth. d. Terminal segment of abdomen with a pair of extremely stout, short spines near the tip above (13) Limotkrips Haliday. d\ Terminal abdominal segments without stout spines. 12 ^'OETH AJIEEICAN THYSAXOPTEBA. .. Autoun* with .eoond segment drawn „u. into an acte process on outer :nfok':;:.'^r -^-^"^ ''-' -1 ;;"' ™^" '" "- /. Ocent -^^^^^^n^^^on the end of „e a.do.en .Uort ''• """itiTonT-r ^-"™<'>------ref^^^^ ,„. , ;'^^^> ^o^" and proportionately stout 9. ^^ ith a long spine at the middle of each side of prothorax; spines on body and wings very strong ^^R\ e z .i • J; 9^. ^nthon, a .pine at ti Jntiddle of fach'side o/Stt"'^ '''"'^■ ». Ov,po.or long and extending eonsiderabl, C^Ttip of abdo- 3. Antennae with apparently nine sec^ments ^ '^' Targioni-Tozzetti. :7"""-^-""""ttiri!;nSr^^-'^ 4. Antenna with clearly nine segments; sometimes apparentljte^''"^'"*"^' ^''"^'■ n r. ■, ^ ^^^' Helcmhrips Hood (-. l-amily Phlosothripid^ 1. Head abont a. iong as jHdeand eiU.er sbor.er or on,- a .ittie ionger t.an the pro- a. Antennae with seven segments *■ ^"'™"" °"° ""'^ Zo^f '-- - 'r "^ '"'^■' '^-^^ ---l^d in front and *'. Antenna two and one-haif times aV long a^ he^d;' he^derngZ-'lti segments of antenna, widely separated and pi:ced ;,, the prominent anterior angles of the head _^ constricted m the middle ° ' ^ . Mou.h-oone no. longer than its breadth at base; labrum narrowed toward he np but not sharply pointed; fore femora but JlZ'w In -rrlid^ ''-' "' -^'- "if- large eurveJC: c-. Mouth-cone reac.i,„^^^ 6-^. Head not narrowed in front ^^'^^ Eurythrips Hinds. :^.T;;-:,:;:::;;;:;,:~^;-r^''"''""'- (^.x„...,„„.,, e. Segment 8 of antenna shorter than segment 7 f'K^ r,-,',.;, „; • ,r , e'. SegmentSof antenna very s,en"^ ^"^^^H'^^Tz^'::-^:^ ^^^' (^1*^) i(ioloLhnps conifcraruni rer<,rancle. CATALOGUE. 21 a" . Average length about 3.3 mm.; color black, antennal segments 3 to 5 yellow at bases; tarsi blackish brown (H-'^) Idololhrips armatus Hood. 3. Wings large, powerful, brown at base; median vein brown, prominent, and extend- ing to middle of wing; fore wings double fringed behind for about 40 hairs (116) Idolothrips tuberculatus Hood. (40) Genus Megalothrips Ileeger. 1. Color dark brown, with orange or red pigment; all tibia) and tarsi shaded with yellowish; bases of antennal segments 3-6 lemon-yellow. (117) Megalothrips hesperus Moulton. 2. Color nearly uniformly black, excepting tarsi, which are blackish brown. (118) Megalothrips spinosus Ilood. CATALOGUE OF NORTH AMERICAN THYSANOPTERA. 1. Genus OROTHRIPS Moulton, 1907. (1) Orothrips keUoggii Moulton, Tech. Ser. 12, Pt. Ill, Bur. Ent., U. S. Dept. Agr., p. 45, figs., 1907. Habitat: Santa Cruz Mountains, central California. Taken in blossoms of manzanita {Manzanita manzanita) and madrona (Arbutus menziesii) in March and April. (2) Orothrips keUoggii yosemitii new variety. (For description see p. 34.) Habitat: Yosemite Valley, Cal. Taken in blossoms of wild lilac (Ceanothus sp.?) at an altitude of 6,000 feet, in June and July. 2. Genus ERYTHROTHRIPS new genus. (Described on page 34.) (3) Erjrthrothrips arizonae new species. (For description see p. 35.) Habitat: Phoenix, Ariz.; Oroville, Cal. Taken in orange and olive blossoms in Arizona, by Mr. J. Eliot Coit, and on Rharanus purshiana at Oroville, Cal., by Mr. B. B. Whitney. 3. Genus ANKOTHHIPS Crawford. (4) Ankothrips robustus Crawford, Pomona College, Journ. Ent., vol. 1, no. 4, p. 100, figs., 1909. Habitat: Claremont and Los Gatos, Cal. Taken on California laurel ( Umbellularia californica) and California lilac {Ceanothus sp.?) at an altitude of 5,000 feet. 4. Genus -ffiOLOTHRIPS Haliday. (5) .ffiolothrips bicolor Hinds, Mon. Thys. N. Amer., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 26, p. 130, figs., 1902. Habitat: Amherst, Mass. Food plants: Brunella vulgaris, Panicum sanguinale, bindweed, and various grasses in mowings. (6) iEolothrips vespiformis Crawford, Pomona College, Journ. Ent., vol. 1, no. 4, p. 109, figs., 1909. Habitat: Managua, Nicaragua. Food plant not known. ^^ ^0«™ A.AIEEICAN THYSANOPTEE^ Ne. Mexico; San J.e and cOa'rLv:m;.rr^^ '"™'- '^"^'^'«^'>^ fomia in blossom, of c'Jt^'nlJbncL r'T ^^^' '''^ ^'"^'- I" ^^'i" ««««»i feuca«rt««„„,, specimens collected bvfr I /^"u"'' ^'"''""'- California from April to July <=''"«<=''^'l ''X J- C. Bndwell. Taken in (8) ^olothrips kuwanaii iXoulton, Tecli Ser 1" Pf iit p ,, Agr., p. 47, figs., 1907. ' ^^^ "^' ^"- E«-. U. S. Dept. irabitat: Santa Cruz Mountains, California. end and often extends aero", the I, °' t""^ '' """'^"<^'' « «« ^"'erior also often brown "tead of len on v 1' "T.- '°"'°' ' °^ "'^ ^■^'*^"- - Habitat: Claremont, Cal. Food plant: Artemisia. NoTE.-Described from one male. 5. Genus PARTHENOTHRIPS TJzel Cal. ' ^"^^^^^t, Mass.; San Francisco and Sacramento 6. Genus BALIOTHRIPS Haliday. (il) BaliothripsbasalisShull, Ent. New., vol. 20, p. 224, figs., May 1009 J/ahUat: Huron County, Mich ^' On leaves of millet grass (MiHwn efysum) in August. 7. Genus THRIPS Linnaus. (!-'> Thripamadi-oniiMoulton, Tech Scr ]'> Pf Tir p t^ Habitat: California; Ore^mn CATALOCIUE. 23 (13) Thrips magnus now specios. (For description sec p. 36, PI. IT, fig.s. 10, 11.) Uabitat: Visalia, Cal. On monkey-flower (Mimulus sp.?). SpecimenH collected by Mr. P. R. Jones, (14) Thiips tabaci Lindeman, 1888. Redescribed by Hinds, Mon. Thys. N. Amer., Proc. U. S. Nat. ^fus., vol. 26, p. 179, figs., 1902. (The onion thrips.) ndbitat: After Hinds — Russia; England; Italy; Bohemia; Heligoland; Bermuda. In United States, generally distributed from Maine to California. Food plants: Almost all wild and cultivated flowers, grasses, fruit blos- soms, and truck crops. (15) Thrips abdominalis Crawford, Pomona College, Journ. Ent., vol. 2, no. 1, page 157, March, 1910. Habitat: Guadalajara, Mexico. Taken in various Compositae, Solanum, Daucus sp.?, and others. (16) Thrips bremneiii Moulton, Tech. Ser. 12, Pt. Ill, Bur. Ent., U. S. Dept. Agr., p. 59, figs., 1907. Habitat: San Jose, Cal. From inside of ripe figs, July. (17) Thrips perplexus Beach, 1895. Redescribed by Hinds, Mon. Thys. N. Amer., Proc. U. S. Xat. Mus., vol. 2G, p. 184, figs!, 1992. Habitat: Ames, Iowa; Amherst, Mass. Food plants: After Hinds — Cyperus sp.?, corn, various grasses. 8. Genus HELIOTHRIPS Hahday. (18) HeHothrips femoralis Renter, 1891. Redescribed by Hinds, Mon. Thys. N. Amer., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 26, p. 172, figs., 1902. Habitat: Helsingfors, Finland. United States — District of Columbia; Amherst, Mass, Food plants: As listed by Hinds — Amarillis sp., Aralia, Arum, Cestrum noctumum, Chrysanthemum, Crinum, cucumber, Dracxna sp., Eucharis grandiflora, Ficus elastica, F. grandifiora, Gardenia, Gossypium, Hydrangea, Mina lobata, moonflower, Pandanus, Phoenix, Richardia sethiopica, tomato, Vitis. (19) HeHothrips heemorrhoidahsBouche, 1833, Redescribed by Hinds, Mon. Thys. N. Amer., Proc, U, S, Nat, Mus,, vol, 26, p, 168, figs,, 1902. Ref.: Russell, Bui. 64, Pt, VI, Bur, Ent., U, S, Dept, Agr.; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 33, p, 719, 1908, (The greenhouse thrips.) Habitat: England; Germany; Vienna; Finland. United States — District of Columbia; Iowa; Massachusetts; Michigan; California. Mexico; St. Vincent and Barbados Islands; Hongkong, China. Food plants: Aspidium, azaleas, croton, dahlias, Jems, liliaceous plants, Pellea hastata, phlox, pinks, verbenas, vines, laurestinas. Note. — This insect is usually a hothouse pest, but lives out of doors on such plants as laiu-estinas and azaleas in the milder California climate. Mr. Franklin records it from the Barbados and St, Vincent Islands, in the West Indies group, where it feeds on cacao, kola, and date palms; and numer- ous shipments of mangoes from Mazatlan, Mexico, which arrive in the port of San Francisco, indicate that this insect is a serious pest on these fruits. (20) HeHothrips fasciatus Pergande, 1895, Redescribed by Hinds, Mon. Thys. N, Amer., Proc. U, S, Nat. Mus., vol. 26, p. 174, 1902. Caliothrips ivoodworthi, Ent. News, vol. 15, p. 297, November, 1904. Habitat: Widespread throughout California. 94 ^'°^TH AIIEEICA.V THYSANOPTERA. r^^-^:^:' '- ' ''-''''' ^-^ - --^-, alfalfa, pear trees, and (21) Heliothripsfasciapeiinis Hinds Alon Thv. V a vol. 26, p. 171, figs., 1902. ' ^ ^^ ' -^^''•' ^^°^- "^'- «• Xat. Mus., Habitat: Amherst, Mass. Food plants: Grasses. 9. Genus ECHINOTHKIPS new genus. (Described on page 37.) (22) Echinothrips mexicanus new species (Var a^ ■ .- Habitat: Acapulco, Mexico ^ description see p. 37.) cStr ^^'^^ ^^^" ^ '"^^'^ ^-^^ P^-t on shipboard in San Fran- 10. Genus DICTOTHRIPS Uzel Habitat: Guadalajara, Mexico ''Taken on blossoms of native acacia-like tree" (Crawford). vol. 2, no. 1, Mon. Thys. 11. Genus SERICOTHHIPS Haliday, 1836. (24) Sericothrips variabilis Beach ISQ^ t> i N. Amer., Proc U S Y^f Ar \ I^^descnbed by Hind. new A-ariely of this species ^ "'^''' '^^^^^ probably rank as a distinct (2a) Sericothrips pulcheUus Hood, Bui 111 St.to T ; v t. p. 3G3, 1908. ' ^- ^^^^"^ ^^^- ^^^- Hist., vol. 8, art. 2, Habitat: Muncie, 111 ^7r/X'-'n°T' ^'''""' '''■^''"'""^■ variams Beach,"but''tle coIoraUon'if r'f' '' ^'" ''°^<' '» Sericothrips examined under a hand ier^ZZdlnfl'T'- '" ''""" ''"-"-- without luster, due no doubt t„tl,. P"'e outer thre" -fourtl ' '"""' "'"' ^'^"'■-- -"' •'"""™' P- ■)», lf»07. ^-' ^ '■ "I' I*"'-- J'-'it., IT. S. Dept. A(;r., //«i,to/.- Counties about San Francisco n-,v f i-f ■ ^oo» *-° =« to band.,. '^ "'' "" ''^ *''« '^■■"'^ «P«ts on the wings are enlarged 17. Genus SCIE.TOTHBIPS Shun. (38) Scirtotlirips ruthveni iShi.ll p„f ^• /r.t,7a. HuronTounty mIh ^'""' ™'- '"' >^- -"'' ^8-' *I^y. 1909. ^00. ;.,„„,.. Tern^ina. dusters of dogwood iCornus siojonifera). 18. Genus EUTHBIPS Targioni-Tozzetti (39) =-^PS orchid. MouUon, Tech. Ser. 1, Pt. „I, Bur. Ent.. T. S. Bept. A. ^ Sfnn;^;r'^'„t'SSnTou^^^^^^^ ^«J-- <--")• //«6,-L: San Frandsco, Cal ^ ""''"°" ""^ ''^ ^^' ^'- ^V. %.. 23-25.) ^411 P„f..^'""^ '?!'""'•■ ^'"'""^ hothouse plants. (41) Euthnps citn Moulton, Tech Ser 1" Pt VT7 n r- , ill«., 1909. (The orange thrip^') ' ^"' ^"^^ ^"'■' "• S. Dept. Agr., //at.toC Orange districts on eastern foothills of q»n T • ,. southern California; Phoenix, Ariz. '^"'"1"'" ^""^y. Taken from citrus trees and thistle f^l in S-,,, T ■ ,• CaHfZu-Thtin^yiTintlrelrthT' /"d""^ "^ '"^ ^^^^^ ^'^'-'^ "^ //ati<«.: Red Bh^Y, Cal. ^ """"^ ""^ P' ^^' ^'^ "I' ««- 20-22.) /ed 1907; Bui. 08. Pt. I, Bur Ent U S Den 1 « ^'P'' ^^'•' P' "''' ««»■• Pt. IV, Bur. Ent., U ,S Deot A.r Vf ' , ' ^^- ^^■' '"^- "07; Bui. 80, IIulAUU: Count es a o, nf ^. ° .' ^•'••' '""' ^"'"'- (T'^« !'«"■ «>rips.) .Sac.,„ento, .ouTto X 1^ B .^h^r f 1^ "^T""' '■•■.•ifonu-a.'north to iw ,,„,... Deciduous f™us-":iii,i::;i ?"'^*^'.^="«''"'^- %, grape, peach, pear, plum pnne E.-H, ' ',',',''''' ''''"™'' '■''«"■>'■ in England. ' "^ ' "='"'' ""'""'■ J'lo^'on.s of wild plum (M) Euthripaehrhormi MouUon, Toch Ser ]•> P, rrr u ,. //otito/; San Jose and Saraloc-u i\\ Taken o„ gra.ss and on foliage of prune Iree.,. CATALOGUE. 27 (45) Euthrips ulicia califomicus Moultoii, Tech. Ser. 12, Pt. Ill, Bur. Ent., U. S. Dept. Agr., p. 55, figa., 1907. Habitat: Wrights Station, Santa Cru/ Mountains, Cal. Taken from wild vetch sweepings. (46) Euthrips minutus Moulton, Tech. Ser. 12, Pt. Ill, Bur. Ent., U. S. Dept. Agr., p. 56, figs., 1907; Pomona College, Journ. Ent., vol. 1, no. 4, figs., 1909. Euthrips minutus setosus Crawford. Habitat: Santa Clara Valley, Yosemite Valley (altitude 5,000 ft.), Suisun, Newcastle, Loomis, Lindsay, East Highlands, La Honda, Cal. Food plants: Prune and cherry foliage, pear and cherry blossoms, grass, yarrow, chamisal, buttercups, sunflowers. Note. — This insect is also found to be usually much larger than in the original description. A new typical specimen has: Head, length 0.105 mm,, width 0.135 mm.; prothorax, length 0.12 mm., width 0.18 mm.; mesothorax, width 0.240 mm.; abdomen, width 0.270 mm., and total body length 1.30 mm. Antennae: 1, 15//; 2, 33//; 3, 37//; 4, 39//; 5, 3C//; 6, 45/i; 7, d/r, 8, 15/(; total 0.23 mm. The back of the head is cross-striate, the ocelli have orange-bro\^Ti cres- cents, and the fore and middle tibiae are light brown. The costa has twenty-six to twenty-eight spines, the fore vein twenty to twenty-one spines, and the hind vein fifteen to sixteen spines. (47) Euthrips fuscus Hinds, Mon. Thys. N. Amer., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 26, p. 154, figs., 1902. Euthrips nicotianse Hinds, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., vol. 18, p. 197, 1905; Cir. 68, Bur. Ent., U. S. Dept. Agr., figs., 1906; Bui. 65, Bur. Ent., U. S. Dept. Agr., figs., ills., 1907. (The tobacco thrips.) Habitat: Massachusetts; Florida; Georgia; Texas. Food plants: Grass (?), tobacco. (48) Eutlirips insularis Franklin, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 33, p. 715, figs., 1908. Euthrips insularis reticulata Crawford, Pomona College, Journ. Ent., vol. 1, no. 4, p. 116, 1909. Habitat: Guadalajara, Mexico; Barbadoes and W^est Indies Islands. Food plants: Lupinus, Convolvulus, Compositae, Rhamnu^ in Mexico at an elevation of from 1,000 to 2,500 ft.; black willow, legumes, yams, beans, roses, grass, potato, papaw, pepper, tobacco, white wood, woolly pyrol. Convolvulus, ground nut, arrowroot, flamboyant in the Barbados and West Indies Islands. (49) Euthrips nervosus Uzel, 1895. Redescribed by Hinds, Mon. Thys. N. Amer., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 26, p. 155, figs., 1902. Habitat: Bohemia; Ames, Iowa; Amherst, Mass. Taken on corn, various grasses, and spring flowers. (50) Eutlirips cephalicus Crawford, Pomona College, Journ. Ent., vol. 2, no. 1, p. 153, March, 1910. Habitat: Guadalajara, Mexico. Food plants: ' ' Several compositae, a small native acacia-like tree, aSolanum, and several other plants" (Crawford). (51) Euthrips cephalicus reticulatus Crawford, Pomona College, Journ, Ent., vol. 2, no. 1, p. 155, March, 1910. Habitat: Guadalajara, Mexico. Taken on certain Rosaceae and Labia tae. (52) Euthrips helianthi new species. (For description see p. 40, PL IV, figs. 26-29.) Habitat: Visalia, Cal. Taken in wild sunflower blossoms. (53) Euthrips occidentalis Pergande, 1895. Redescribed by Hinds, Mon. Thys. N. Amer., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 26, p. 152, 1902. Habitat: California. Food plants: Blossoms and foliage of numerous trees and vveeds. 28 NORTH AMERICAN THYSAXOPTERA. (54) Euthrips tritici Fitch, 1855. (For description, life-history notes, and references, see Hinds, Mon. Thys. N. Amer., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 26, p. 149, 1902.) Habitat: Generally distributed throughout the United States. Taken in flowers of almost all wild and cultivated plants. Note. — This is undoubtedly the commonest and the most widely dis- tributed of all American species of thrips. The variation within the species ■wdll probably lead some later writer to di\'ide the group into several distinct varieties. The insect varies fi'om very light colored, almost white individuals (which for the most part are collected in white or light colored flowers) to very dark bro^vn, and from individuals with no shading of orange to those colored to a deep red-orange. The writer is here erecting one new variety, to include the very dark brown specimens in this group. These can not possibly be included within the species as Mr. Hinds's description now stands. The variety is called Euthrips tritici calif ornicus. (55) Euthrips tritici califomicus new variety. Habitat: California, Oregon, and Washington. Taken in company with Euthrips tritici, in the blossoms of almost all wild and cultivated plants. The variety is distinguished from the species by the following characters: General color uniformly dark brown, thorax orange- brown; segment 1 of antennae brown, unicolorous with head, segment 2 uni- formly darker brown. 19. Genus ANAPHOTHRIPS Uzel. (56) Anaphothrips striatus Osborn, 1883. Redescribed by Hinds, Mon. Thys. X. Amcr., Proc. U. S. Xat. Mus., vol. 26, p. 160, figs., 1902. Ref.: Ent. News, vol. 20, p. 224, May, 1909 (males found). Habitat: Illinois; Iowa; Maine; Massachusetts.; New York; Ohio; Ontario; Nebraska; California. Food plants: Poa pratensis, Phleum pratense, and other grasses; in Cali- fornia on leaves and ears of com, and on alfalfa. (57) Anaphothrips zeee new species. (For description see p. 41, PI. IV, figs. 31-34.) Habitat: Yisalia, San Jose, and Red Bluff, Cal. Taken on leaves and ears of corn, on grasses, and on foliage of orange. (58) Anaphothrips tricolor now species. (For description see p. 41.) Habitat: Tulare County, Cal. Taken on goldenrod and on orange nursery stock by Mr. P. R. Jones. 20. Genus PSEUDOTHRIPS Hinds. (59) Pseudo thrips inequalis Beach, 1896. Redescribed by Hinds, Mon. Thys. N. Amer., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 26, p. 146, figs., 1902. Habitat: Ames, Iowa. Food plant: Aster. 21. Genus HETEROTHIIIPS Hood. (60) Heterothrips salicis Shull, Ent. News, vol. 20, p. 220, figs.. May, 1909. Habitat: Huron County, Mich. Taken on the outside of catkins of a willow (Salixjluviatilis). (61) Heterothrips arisaemee Hood, Bui. III. State Lab. Nat. Hist., vol. 8, art. 2, p. 362, August, 1900. Habitat: Urbana, 111. Taken in flowers of jack-in-the-pulpit (AriscCma triphyllum). CATALOGUE. 29 (62) Heterothrips decacomis ( 'rawford, roinona College, Journ. Ent., vol. 1, no. 4, p. 110, 1909. Habitat: Guadalajara, Mexico. Taken on a low native tree with small yellow flowers, common in the bar- rancas near Guadalajara; also on a shrub belonging to the family Alalpig- hiacese. 22. Genus ALLOTHRIPS Hood, 1908. (63) Allotlirips megacephalus Hood, Bui. 111. State Lab. Nat. Hist., vol. 8, art. 2, p. 372, figs. 1908. Ref.: Ent. News, vol. 20, p. 228, May, 1909 (males found). Habitat: Urbana and Springfield, 111. Taken from under bark of various trees in winter. 23. Genus RHAPTOTHRIPS Crawford. (64) Rhaptothrips peculiaris Crawford, Pomona College, Journ. Ent., vol. 1, no. ^, p. 116, figs., 1909. Habitat: Guadalajara, Mexico. Food plant: "A certain spiny solanaceous plant" (Crawford). 24. Genus ANTHOTHIIIPS Uzel. (65) Anthothrips niger Osborn. Redescribed by Hinds, Mon. Thys. N. Amer., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 26, p. 188, figs., 1902. Habitat: Iowa; Michigan; Massachusetts; Oregon; California. Food plants: Achillea millefolium, oxeye daisy, red and white clover, various grasses. (66) Anthothrips verbasci Osborn. Redescribed by Hinds, Mon. Thys. N. Amer., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 26, p. 189, figs., 1902. Habitat: Ames, Iowa; Amherst, Masa. Food plant: Mullein. (67) Anthothrips variabihs Crawford, Pomona College, Journ. Ent., vol. 2, no. 1, p. 166, fig., March, 1910. Habitat: Santiago de las Vegas, Cuba; Managua, Nicaragua; Guadalajara, Mexico. Food plants: ^'Celosa, Dodder and native creeping vine" (Crawford). 26. Genus ALETJRODOTHIIIPS Frankhn. (68) Aleurodothrips fasciapennis Franklin (described as Cryptothripsfasciapennis), Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 33, p. 727, figs., 1908; as Aleurodothrips fascia- pennis in Ent. News, vol. 20, p. 228, figs.. May, 1909. Habitat: Newstead, St. Peters, Barbados Islands; Florida. Taken on flower of La France rose and commonly in Florida feeding on the eggs, larvae, and pupae of the citms white fly (Aleyrodes citi R. & H.). 26. Genus EXJRYTHRIPS Hinds, 1902. (69) Eurythrips ampHventrahs Hinds, Mon. Thys. N. Amer., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 26, p. 202, figs., 1902. Habitat: Amherst, Mass. ''Taken in turf in fall" (Hinds). (70) Eurythrips osbomi Hinds, Mon. Thys. N. Amer., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 26, p. 203, figs., 1902. Habitat: Amherst, Mass. Food plants: Grasses. 30 NORTH AMEEICAX THYSAXOPTERA. 27. Genus LISSOTHRIPS Hood, 1908. (71) Lissothrips muscorum Hood, Bui. 111. State Lab. Nat. Hist., vol. 8, art. 2 p. 265, 1908. Habitat: Illinois. Taken in moss, 28. Genus TRICHOTHRIPS Uzel, 1895. (72) Trichotlirips dens Moulton, Tech. Ser. 12, Pt. Ill, Bur. Ent., U. S Dept \^t p. 60, figs., 1907. ° ' Habitat: Santa Clara Valley , Cal. Taken on apricot foliage. (73) Trichothrips brevicuralis Shull, Ent. News, vol. 20, p. 227, figs.. May, 1909. Habitat: Huron County, Mich. Taken among leaves of pine-cone gall on willow (Salixfluviatilisj. (74) Trichothrips angusticeps Hood, Bui. 111. State Lab. Nat. Hist vol 8 art 2 p. 367, figs., 1908. ' ' • ' Habitat: St. Joseph and Urbana, 111. Taken under bark of rotten stumps. (75) Trichothrips ruber new species. (For description see p. 42.) Habitat: San Jose, Cal. Taken in azalea blossoms. (76) Trichothrips longritubus Hood, Bui. 111. State Lab. Nat. Hist vol 8 art 2 p. 368, 1908. ' » • ' Habitat: Carbondale, 111. Taken in sweepings. (77) Trichothrips buffae Hood, Bui. 111. State Lab. Nat. Hist., vol 8 art 2 p 369 figs., 1908. ' » *- ' Habitat: Decatur, Homer, and Urbana, 111. Taken under bark of soft-maple trees. (78) Trichothrips smithi Hood, Ent. News, vol. 20, p. 29, figs., January 1909 Habitat: Boskydell, 111. Taken on hard maple (Acer saccharum). (79) Trichothrips beachi Hinds, Mon. Thys. N. Amer., Proc. U. S. Nat Mus vol 20, p. 192, figs., 1902. Habitat: Amherst, Mass. Taken under quince bark. (80) Trichothrips ambitus Hinds, Mon. Thye. N. Amer., Proc. U. S Nat Mus vol. 26, p. 191, figs., 1902. Habitat: Amherst, Mass. Food p In n t: G rass . (81) Trichothrips femoraUs Moulton, Tech. Ser. 12, Pt. Ill, Bur. p:nt U S Dept Agr., p. 61, figs., 1907. Habitat: Newcastle, Cal. Food ■plant: Wild mullein. (82) Trichothrips americanus Hood, Bui. 111. State Lab. Nat. Hist., vol. 8, art. 2 p. 366, figs., 1908. Habitat: Carbondale, Homer, and Urbana, 111. Taken under ])ark on rotten stumps. (83) Trichothrips ilex Moulton, Tech. Ser. 12, Pt. Ill, Bur. Ent., U. S. Dept Agr p. 62, figs., 1907. Habitat: Coast region of California. Food plant: Christmas berry (Hctcromclcs arbuti/olia). CATALOGUE. 31 (84) Trichothrips ilex dumosa Moiiltoii, Tech. Sor. 12, Pt. Ill, Hur. Ent , U. S. Dopt. Agr., p. 03, 1907. Jlabitat: Saratoga, Cal. Taken on prrub oak {Quercns dumosa). (85) Trichothrips tridentatus Shull, Ent. News, vol. 20, p. 226, figs.. May, 1909. Jlabitat: Huron County, Mich. Taken under the scales of the bark of white oak (Qurrcus alba). 29. Genus PLECTOTHRIPS Hood, 1908. (86) Plectothrips antennatus Hood, Bui. HI. State Lab. Nat. Hist., vol. 8, art. 2 p. 370, 1908. Habitat: Urbana, 111. Taken on a window of a woodshed, in June. (87) Acanthothrips magnafemorahs Hinds, Mon. Thys. N. Amer., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 26, p. 199, figs., 1902. Pvef . : Psyche, vol. 10, p. 221, October- December, 1903. Habitat: Miami, Fla.; Amherst, Mass. Food plant: Under loose bark on a sycamore tree. (88) Acanthothrips nodicomis Reuter, Uzel's Monograph, p. 260, figs., 1895. Ref.: Psyche, vol. 10, p. 222, October-December, 1903. Habitat: Germany; Finland; Bohemia; Amherst, Mass. Taken under the bark of a sycamore tree in Massachusetts. (89) Acanthothrips doanei Moulton, Tech. Ser. 12, Pt. Ill, Bur. Ent., U. S. Dept. Agr., p. 64, figs., 1907. Habitat: Alum Rock Canyon, San Jose, Cal. Food plant: Grass. (90) Acanthothrips albivittatus Hood, Bui. 111. State Lab. Nat. Hist., vol. 8, art. 2, p. 374, 1908. Habitat' Bloomington, 111. Taken on the trunk of a Carolina poplar. 31. Genus CEPHALOTHRIPS Uzel, 1895. (91) Cephalothrips ynccae Hinds, Mon. Thys. N. Amer., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 26, p. 194, figs., 1902. Habitat: Amherst, Mass.; Washington, D. C. Food plants: Yucca flamentosa, goldenrod. (92) Cephalothrips errans new species. (For description see p. 43, PI. VI, figs. 42-44.) Habitat: San Jose, Cal. Food plants: Wild mustard, apricot, and pine foliage. Taken during June and July. 32. Genus MALACOTHRIPS Hinds, 1902. (&3) Malacothrips zonatus Hinds, Mon. Thys. N. Amer., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 26, p. 200, figs., 1902. Habitat: Amherst, Mass. Taken in turf. ^2 ^^'ORTH .IJVIEEICA^- THYSAXOFTEEA. 33. Genus NEOTHRIPS Hood, 1908. (94) Neothrips corticis Hood, Bui 111 State T>^h Y^t tt- , i o figs., 190S. ^^^*- ■^^^^^•' ^'ol- 8' art. 2, p. 372, Habitat: Urbana and Hillery, 111. Taken under bark in winter. ' 34. Genus CRYPTOTHRIPS^ Uzel, 1895. (95) Crypto thrips calif omicus Daniel V-nt v^ i -.- RedescHbed by Mou.tooS'sl'z^^r'm B^^Enf 'rTS'T T p. 66, figs., 1907. ' ^^•' ^ • ^- ^^P*^- ^gr-> habitat: California, Oregon, and Washington (96) Cryptothxips carbonarius Hood B'll I?l St,t„ t u ^- „. p. 37C, fig.,., 1008. ^'""' ^''''- '^'"- °'^t-' ^-ol- S, art. 2, Habitat: Pulaski, 111. ^07^ ,. Jiu"" '° ^^'■«'°PinS3 from grass and weeds. (97) CryptothnpsrectangularisHood, Can Ent vol 40 „ o o„, . i7«6,-taf Urbana, 111., and Harrisbur. Pa' ' '' "■ '"'' ''"^- ^»°«- Taken under dead bark in peach fre°e in Illinni, o„^ ' vol. Habitat: Amherst, Mass Habitat: Amherst, Mass. Taken on grass. For Cryptothrips asperus HindH, see Leptothrips asperus, No. 98. CATALOGUE. 66 (102) Phloeothrips raptor Crawford, Pomona College, Journ. Ent., vol. 2, no. 1, p. 159, March, 1910. Habitat: Guadalajara, Mex. Taken in Bweepin<^ Hhriibbery. (103) Phloeothrips maculatus Hood, Ent. News, vol. 20, p. 250, figs., June, 1909. Habitat: Baldwin, Mich. Taken under rotting poplar bark. 38. Genus LIOTHRIPS XJzel, 1895. (104) Liothrips ocellatus Hood, Bui. 111. State Lab. Nat. Hist., vol. 8, art. 2, p. 375, 1908. Ref.: Ent. News, vol. 20, p. 249, June, 1909. Habitat: Hilleiy, 111. Taken in moss. (105) Liothrips umbripeimis Hood, Ent. News, vol. 20, p. 30, figs., January, 1909. (Described as Phyllothrips umbripennis.) Habitat: Illinois and Michigan. Taken on various species of oak. (106) Liothrips umbripennis mexicanus Crawford, Pomona College, Journ. Ent., vol. 2, no. 1, p. 161, March, 1910. Habitat: Guadalajara, Mex. Talven in oak galls, at an elevation of 10,000 feet. (107) Liothrips citricomis Hood, Can. Ent., vol. 40, no. 9, p. 305, fig., 1908. (Described as Phyllothrips citricomis.) Habitat: Dubois, Duquoin, Odin, and Pulaski, 111.; Harrisburg and Rock- ville. Pa. Food plants: "On hickory leaves," in Illinois and "on wild grape" in Pennsylvania, April 28 to July 16. (108) Liothrips fasciculatus Crawford, Pomona College, Journ. Ent., vol. 1, no. 4? p. 105, figs., 1909. (Described as Phyllothrips fasciculata.) Habitat: Claremont and Suisun, Cai. Food 2')lant: Wild buckwheat {Eriogonum fasciculatum), (109) Liothrips fasciculatus stenoceps Crawford, Pomona College, Journ. Ent., vol. 1, no. 4, p. 108, 1909. Habitat: Claremont, Cal. Specimens taken with Liothrips fasciculatus on wild buckwheat. (110) Liothrips bakeri Crawford, Pomona College, Journ. Ent., vol. 2, no. 1, p. 161, March, 1910. Habitat: Havana, Cuba. Taken on "galls on leaves of Ficus nitida and flowers of Ficus religiosa'^ (Crawford). (111) Liothrips mcconnelli Crawford, Pomona College, Journ. Ent., vol. 2, no. 1, p. 163, March, 1910. Habitat: Guadalajara, Mex.; Chico and Suisun, Cal. Taken from "stems and leaves of a certain bignoniaceous shrub, and also from sweepings on other shrubs" (Crawford); prune foliage and apple blos- soms in California. 39. Genus IDOLOTHRIPS EaHday, 1862. (112) Idolothrips flavipes Hood, Bui. 111. State Lab. Nat. Hist., vol. 8, art. 2, p. 377, fig., 1908. Habitat: Illinois. Specimens taken among fallen oak leaves. 71924°— 11 3 34 XOETH AMEBIC AX THYSAXOPTERA. (113) Idolothrips angiisticeps Crawford, Pomona College, Journ. Ent., vol. 2, no. 1, p. IGS, figs., March, 1910. Habitat: "Belize; Havana, Cuba; San Marcos and Chivandega, Nicaragua; Guadalajara, Mex." (Crawford). (114) Idolothrips coniferanun Pergande, 1896. Redescribed by Hinds, Mon. Thys. X. Amer., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 26, p. 206, figs., 1902. Habitat: Washington, D. C; Amherst, Mass. Taken on Pinus inops, Juniperus virginiana, and Abies sp. (115) Idolothrips armatus Hood, Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., vol. 1, no. 4, p. 285, figs., December, 1908. Habitat: Carbondale, Havana, Pulaski, and Urbana, 111, Taken in galls of Gnorimoschema gall^solidaginis on Solidago canadensis in miscellaneous and woodland sweepings; on Plantago riigeJii. (116) Idolothrips tuberculatus Hood, Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., vol. 1, no. 4, p. 287, figs., December, 1908. Habitat: White Heath and Boskydell, 111. Taken on white oak. 40. Genus MEGALOTHRIPS Heeger. (117) Megalothrips hesperus Moulton, Tech. Ser. 12, Pt. Ill, Bur. Ent., U. S. Dept. Agr., p. 65, figs., 1907. Habitat: Stanford University, California. Food plant: Not known. (118) Megalothrips (?) spinosus Hood, Can. Ent., vol. 40, p. 306, figs., 1908. Ref.: Ent. News, vol. 20, p. 231, May, 1909. Habitat: Harrisburg, Pa.; St. Anthony Park and St. Paul, Minn. Taken "in burrows of lepidopterous or coleopterous larvae in dead willow stem," and "under the bark of dead limb of white birch." DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW GENERA AND NEW SPECIES. [The numbers correspond to the list numbers in the catalogue.] (2) Orothrips kelloggii yosemitii new variety. (PL II, fig. 9.) Measurements: Head, length 0.16 mm., width 0.20 mm. ; prothorax, length 0.16 mm., width 0.25 mm.; mesothorax, ^^ddth 0.35 mm.; abdomen, width 0.45 mm.; total body, length 1.75 mm. Antennae : 1,30/z; 2,54/x; 3,99/z; 4,96//; 5,63//; 6,48//; 7,45//; 8,33//; 9,33//; total, 0.50 mm. Color dark brown to blackish-brown; cheeks not strongly arched. Segment 2 of antennae yellow, dark brown at base; segment 3 yellow, but dark brown in outer half; segment 3 noticeably constricted in the middle; sense areas on segments 3 and 4 ovoid (in 0. Tcelloggii elongate). Spines on hind margin of ])rothorax short but quite stout; those on mesonotum likewise small. Trochanters not notice- ably yellow. Darkened bands in center and at tip of wings smaller and lighter colored and more irregular than in Orothrips Tcelloggii, 2. Genus ERYTHROTHRIPS new genus. Head almost one-tliird longer than wide. Ocelli present in both sexes. Antenna? nine-segmented, the last two segments closely joined and together somewhat shorter than segment 7. Maxillary DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW GENERA AND SPECIES. 35 palpi geniculatod and with ciglit sc<^ni('iitH. Labial ])alpi with three segments. Prothorax about as long as head and only a little wider, without large bristles. Legs long and slender; fore femora somewhat thickened in both sexes. Wings present in both sexes; fore wings very slightly narrowed before the middle; fore part of ring vein and fore longitudinal vein furnished with a few sparse, inconspicuous hairs; fore wings white, with dark-brown longitudinal band along posterior margin. (3) Erytlirotlirips arizonse new species. (PL I, figs. 1-7.) Measurements: Head, length 0.24 mm., wddth 0.19 mm.; protho- rax, length 0.24 mm., width 0.23 mm.; mesothorax, ^ddth 0.38 mm.; abdomen, width 0.49 mm.; total body, length 2.66 mm. Antennse: 1, 45,«; 2, 63/z;3, 126,«;4, IU/j.; 5, 6, 72 /z; 7, 69//; 8, SO/x; 9, 18/i; total length, 0.64 mm. Color dark brown, with red pigmentation; connecting tissue of abdominal segments light brown to brown. Head about one-fourth longer than wide, rounded in front and elevated only a little between basal segments of antennse; cheeks sHghtly arched, converging but very shghtly posteriorly; back of head cross-striated; without prominent spines. £7/^5 prominent, not protruding, black; eyes v>dth large facets, pilose. Ocelli present. Mouth-cone short, pointed; maxillary palpi geniculate, eight-seg- mented; labial palpi four-segmented; basal segment small. Antennae nine-segmented, two and one-half tim.es as long as head; brovvTi, uni- colorous with body except basal part of segment 3, which is light brown. All segments thickly clothed ^dth short spines. A long slender sense area on each of segments 3 and 4. Protliorax about as wdde as long and only a little larger than the head; with several inconspicuous spines; all angles broadly rounded. Legs uniformly dark brown in females, but fore tibise and tarsi shading to light brown in males. Fore femora slightly enlarged; tibise each with a stout spine at tip; all legs thickly set \yith. short, dark spines. Fore wings of about even width for entire length, very sHghtly narrowed before the middle, broadly rounded at tip; with ring vein and two longitudinal veins that unite with ring vein near tip; with five cross veins; fore part of ring vein and fore longitudinal vein with small, white, inconspicuous spines; second longitudinal vein with about twenty-seven dark spines. Posterior margin of ^ing only with fringe. Wings clear white, with dark-brown longitudinal band extending from base, including scale, to tip, this band broadest at middle of wing and somewhat narrowed before the middle. Hind wings clear white, margined with fringe only along posterior side. Abdovfien large, fourth and fifth segments widest and from them tapering gradually to the bluntly pointed tenth segment. Without 36 NOETH AMEKICAls^ THYSANOPTEEA. long spines except on last tliree segments. Eighth abdominal seg- ment of males covered with many long hairs. Described from four females and ten males. Halitat: PhoenLx, Ariz., tj-pe specimens collected and forwarded by Mr. J. Eliot Coit; California, specimens collected by Mr. B. B. Whitney at Oroville. Food plants: Orange and olive blossoms in Arizona; Bhamnus pursliiana in California. The larva of tliis species is uniformly light brownish-yellow and has conspicuous red pigment bands across the dorsal plates of meso- thoracic and metathoracic segments and all segments of abdomen. (13) Thrips magnus new species. (PI. II, figs. 10, 11.) Measurements: Head, length 0.13 mm., \vidth 0.18 mm.; protho- rax, length 0.16 mm., width 0.23 mm.; mesotliorax, width 0.35 mm.; abdomen, ^\ddth 0.40 mm.; total body, length 1.70 mm. Antennae: 1, 24 ^u; 2, 36 /i; 3, 56 p.; 4, 51 /t; 5, 42 ji; 6, 54 /i; 7, 24 /.r, total length 0.30 mm. General color very dark brown, head blackish brown. Head considerably wider than long, broadest near back; cheeks very slightly arched, roughened ; front of head broadly rounded ; back of head transversely striate. A small spine on front of each posterior ocellus and a row of several smaller spines back of each eye. Eyes large, occupying about two-thirds the width of the head, not unusually protruding, pilose. Ocelli subapproximate, with dark-brown cres- cents. Moutli-cone short, reacliing hardly past middle of prothorax, pointed; maxillary palpi three-segmented; labial palpi two-seg- mented. Antennse seven-segmented, sHghtly more than tmce as long as head, uniform dark brown, with segments 1 and 2 often blackish- brown; forked sense cones on dorsal side of segment 3 and ventral side of segment 4. Prothorax somewhat larger than head, all angles rounded; two long prominent spines on each posterior angle, several smaller ones along posterior margin, the inner one being the longest ; other spines present but not conspicuous. Mesotliorax largest, sides of ptertlwrax broadly and evenly rounded. Legs dark brown, tips of tibire and tarsi shad- ing to lighter or yellowish brown; liind tibiiX) alone armed with spines. Wings present; fore wing large, uniform brown, with spines arranged as follows: Costa, tliirty-one; fore longitudinal vein with eight at base and three scattered on outer half; liind vein with thirteen. Ahdomen subovate, tliird and fourth segments largest; longest spines on last two segments. Described from numerous females. Alales much larger. Habitat: Visaha, ( oyote, and San Francisco, Cal. Food 'plant: Mlrnulus sp. DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW GENERA AND SPECIES. 37 9. Genus ECHINOTHRIPS new genus. Head and tliorax with a (leoi)ly reticulated structure (sides of abdo- men may also be reticulated). Head about as lon<^ as wide and not longer than the prothorax. Eyes large, oval, prominent. Ocelli present. Antennae with eight segments, long, slender, last four seg- ments united evenly and diminisliing in size gradually. Prothorax angular at sides. Legs slender, unarmed. Wings present, strong, broadest at base and tapering gradually to a pointed tip, without prominent veins except fore part of ring vein. Spines on fore margin and where fore longitudinal vein should be, long, strong, and with blunt tips. This genus has many of the characters of both Ileliotlirips and Dic- totlirips. It is readily determined from the former by the shape of the antennae, inasmuch as the segments are all rather slender and c^uite evenly united; segment 6 is longest; the style not longer than. seg- ment 6. It is readily separated from Dicfothrips by the character of the wings, wliich have two rows of long, strong, blunt spines along the anterior margin. (22) Echinothrips mexicanus new species. (PI. Ill, ngs. 16-19.) Measurements: Head, length 0.10 mm., wddth 0.15 mm.; protho- rax, length 0.10 mm., width 0.18 mm.; mesothorax, width 0.23 mm.; abdomen, width 0.23 mm.; total body, length 0.92 mm. Antennae: 1, 9 n; 2, 30 //; 3, 45 [i] 4, 39 ii; 5, 45 //; 6, 60 /x; 7, 15 [i; 8, 27 //; total, 0.27 mm. General color uniform dark brown, with red pigmentation. Bases of femora, tips of tibiae, all tarsi, outer half of segments 3 and 4, and base of segment 5 of antennae yellow. Head noticeably wider than long, retracted into the prothorax, angular in front, with basal joints of antennae subapproximate; ver- tex depressed and bearing the anterior ocellus on its anterior surface; strongly reticulate; cheeks roughened and with spines. Eyes large, oval, prominent, shghtly protruding, reddish black with yellomsh inner and outer margins; facets large, protruding, strongly pilose. Ocelli present, subapproximate, placed near center of head, anterior ocellus directed forward, posterior ones distinctly separated from inner margins of eyes; yeUow-orange, with deep orange-red crescents. Mouth-cone pointed, reaching past base of prosternum. Antennx with eight segments, two and one-half times as long as head, slender; segment 6 longest; segments 1 and 2 deep brown, unicolorous with head, terminal segments brown, intermediate segments yellow. (Segments 5 to 8 united evenly, antennae tapering gradually from base of segment 6 to tip.) Prothorax about as long as head, widest at middle; sides angular, roughened and with curved spines; strongly reticulate. Mesothorax 38 NORTH AMERICAN THYSAXOPTERA. largest, with notch on either side near posterior margin, uniting evenh' with metathorax. Legs slender, with numerous hairs but without claws. Fore icings strong, broadest at base, tapering grad- ually from base to pomt at tip; anterior part of ring-vein prominent, posterior part and other longitudinal reins wanting. With a row of tliirteen long, brown, blunt spmes along anterior margin, and ten other similar spines close to anterior margin where fore longitudinal vein should be; fore fringe long and wavy, especially on outer half of wing; posterior fringe also well developed. Things uniform dark bro^Ti, with elongate whitened area near base. Posterior pair of wings each with single, median, dark brown, longitudinal vein extend- ing from base to near tip; wmg membrane bro^vn, fringe well devel- oped. Abdomen widest across tlurd and fourth segments and from them tapering gradually to a blunt tip; with numerous spines along sides and on dorsum; a single pair near anterior margin on each segment most conspicuous. Described from a single female. Habitat: Acapulco, Mexico. Specimens taken from a small potted plant on shipboard in San Francisco from Acapulco, Mexico. One adult with numerous larv» and pupae. (40) Euthrips parvus new species. (PL IV, figs. 23-25.) Measurements: Head, length 0.09 mm., width 0.126 mm.; pro- tliorax, length 0.096 mm., width 0.144 mm.; mesothorax, width 0.16 mm.; abdomen, width 0.21 mm.; total bodv, length 0.95 mm Antennae: 1,15/.; 2, 30 /^- 3, 45 /.; 4, 39 /.; 5, 36 ;.; 6,45«;7,9«; 8, 12/.; total length 0.225 mm. General color orange-yellow; forewings, as also segments 3 to 8 of antennae, light brown. Head angular in front, with depression to receive basal segments of antenna); frons depressed, broadest across eyes; sides of licad constricted posteriorly, not retracted into prothorax; back of head faintly cross-striated; two small si)ines in front of anterior ocelhis and one in front of each posterior ocellus; a })air bordering the posterior inner side of each eye. Eyes large, ovoid, i)rominent and protrudmg; facets large, pilose. Ocelli located in central part of head, closely placed but not contiguous, yellow, with orange-red crescents; anterior ocellus in depression on fore part of head and directed forward. Moutl-cone short, blunt, tii)j)e(l with black; maxillary palju with three segments, labial i)ali)i witli two. Antennx with cigJit segments, two and one-half times as long as head; seg- ment 1 palo yellow, 2 orange-brown, others uniformly brown; spmes and sense cones present but not conspicuous. DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW GENERA AND SPECIES. 39 Prothorax only a little wider than head, sides arched, all anf^k;s rounded ; with scattering spines, three on either side along j)osteri()r margin, brown and conspicuous, the central one of each group largest ; sides of prothorax constricted in middle. Legs, especially })osterior pair, rather long and slender, covered with numerous liairs, unicolor- ous with body. Fore wings broadest in basal one-third, pointed at ends; ring vein prominent, fore longitudinal vein conspicuous only at base; with about twenty spines along anterior margin; live or six spines on basal part of fore longitudinal vein, the outer two separated from the others; three spines on outer half of wing where fore vein should be and three spines near posterior margin where posterior lon- gitudinal vein should be. Fringe on wing on both anterior and posterior margins long only on outer half of wing. Wings brown, with inconspicuous, hght, longitudinal area extending from base to tip. Abdomen rather long and slender, spines conspicuous only on last two segments; a combHke structure on posterior margin of segment 8. Described from numerous specimens. Habitat: San Francisco, Cal. Food 'plants: Taken on various hothouse plants, especially on Cathartica sp ? Adults and larvse collected during June and July. (42) Euthrips albus new species. (PI. Ill, figs. 20-22 ; PI. IV, ^g, 30.) Measurements: Head, length 0.12 mm., width 0.12 mm.; pro- thorax, length 0.12 mm., width 0.16 mm.; mesothorax, width 0.23 mm.; abdomen, width 0.25 mm.; total body, length 1 mm. Antenna: 1, 15 /z; 2, 30 /z; 3, 48 /i; 4, 45 p.', 5, 33 ix] 6, 54 /i; 7, 9 (x; 8, 12 //; total length 0.25 mm. Color translucent wliitish, segments 4 to 8 of antennae brown. Head about as wide as long, noticeably square, cheeks straight and very slightly arched; front angular; spines, except a pair between eyes, weak. Eyes prominent, black, with light outer borders, coarsely faceted. Ocelli wanting. MoutJi-cone long, pointed, tipped with black; maxillary palpi three - segmented. Antennx eight-seg- mented, about twice as long as head, segments 1 to 3 inclusive whitish, 4 brown, whitish at base, others brown. Forked sense cone on dorsal side of segment 3, and a similar one on ventral side of segment 4. Prothorax somewhat wider than long. A very weak spine at each anterior angle. A pair of prominent ones on each posterior angle. MesotJiorax largest; front angles rounded. Legs unicolorous with body. Spines prominent only on hind tibiae, each tarsus with a black spot at end. Wings present, rather broad, and tapering gradually from base to distal end; not sharply pointed at tip; costa of fore wings set rather sparsely with about twenty spines; fore vein with six spines near base of wing and two near tip. Hind vein with nine *0 NORIH AJIEEICAX THYSANOPTEEA. regularly placed spines, these beginning immediately below where the group of sLx spines on fore vein ends. Spines brown. Abdomen elongate-ovate, tapering rather gradually from third segment to near tip; with prominent spines on outer posterior angles of all abdominal segments except first. Described fmm one female taken on peach fohage, Red Bluff, Cal. (52) Enthrips helianthi new species. (PI. TV, figs. 26-29 ) Measurements: Head, length 0.135 mm., -nldth 0.'l6 mm.- pro- thorax, length 0.150 mm., ^ridth 0.20 mm.; mesothorax, ^vidth 0.28 mm.; abdomen, %vidth 0.28 mm.; total body, length 1.25 mm Antenna: 1 21 /.; 2, 39 ;,; 3, 60 /<; 4, 51 /<; 5, 42 /<; 6, 54 ;«; 7, 9 ;<; 8, lo /;; total length 0.300 mm. ^. > r, General color transjjarent yellowish-gray, shaded with brown Head only a little .rider than long, cheeks straight and paraUel- antenor margin only shghtly elevated and rounded in front, back of head very faintly cross-striated. Head retracted into prothorax. L,arge, brown, conspicuous spines in front of posterior ocelh and back of eyes; other smaller spines present, also dark brown and conspicu- ous Eyes rather small, occupying about one-half the width of the head, not promment, wdth purple-black pigment, pilose. OceUi present, translucent wliitish, separated, and posterior ones not contiguous to eyes, vvith hght orange-yellow pigment blotches wliich are only irregularly crescent-shaped. lloutJi-cone pointed dark brown, nearly black at tip. Maxillary palpi three-segmented,' labial palpi two-segmented, basal segment very short. Antennx eight- segmented only slightly more than twice as long as head, segment 1 light yellowish gray, unicolorous with head; 2 dark brown- 3 4 and .5 brown, yellowish at base; 3 also sometimes yellomsh at tip! 6 and style umform dark brown. A forked sense cone on dorsal side of segment 3 near tip, and a similar one near tip on ventral side of segment 4. All spines dark brown and conspicuous ProtJiorax al>out one-fourth wider than long, with a long, consi>icu- ous dark-brown spine at each anterior angle, two at each posterior angle, one on either side of anterior margin about halfway between center and side, a medium-sized dark spine on posterior margin on either side near center, and many other smaller si.ines, also brown and conspicuous. Mesothorax with angles broadly rounded in front umting almost evenly with metathorax, the sides of which con- verge posteriorly. Legs with fore femora somewhat thickened, liw-»l;e/v Tip of abdomen, dorsal view. Fig. 41. . , . , of female. Fig. 4-l.—Ccphalothrips erraiu: Head and prothorax of female, dorsal -Cephalothrips errans: Tip of abdomen of female, dorsal view. Fig. 44.— Right antenna of female. Fig. \h.—Cryptothrips californiciw: Head and protho'rax of female, dorsal view. Fig. i&.-Cryptothrips cali/omicus: Tip of abdomen of female, dorsal view. (Original.) antenna view. Fig. 43. Cephalothrips errans: DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW GENERA AND SPECIES. 41 Abdomen cylindrical ovate, with c()ns])icii<)ns brown spines on outer margin of eacli segment, six along the ])ostenor Y(5r]tral margin of each ventral ])late, and longer, stronger ones at ti[) on segments 9 and 10. Habitat: VisaUa, Tulare County, Cal. Food 'plant: Wild sunflower. (57) Anaphothrips zese new species. (PI. V, figs. 31-34.) Measurements: Head, length 0.12 mm., width 0.13 mm.; ])rotho- rax, length 0.12 mm., width 0.16 mm.; mesothorax, width 0.23 mm.; abdomen, width 0.26 mm.; total length 1.10 mm. Antennae: 1, 18 p.] 2, 30 p.] 3, 42 /x; 4, 39 //; 5, 33 //; 6, 30 [x] 7, 8, 9, 33 /£; total length 0.225 mm. Color yellow to grayish brown, wings gray. Head about as long as wide, broadly rounded, in front, cheeks arched. Eyes prominent, slightly protruding, with coarse facets. Ocelli present, widely separated, with light-brown crescents. Head with prominent spines. Moutli-cone broad at base, pointed at tip. Maxillary palpi large, three-segmented, labial palpi very small, with two segments, mouth-cone dark brown at tip. Antennx about as long as head, segment 1 yellowish gray, segment 2 light brown, segment 3 light brown, transparent yellowish at basal half, segment 4 and others light brown, shading to darker toward the tip, without conspicuous spines or sense cones. Antennae sometimes almost uni- formly light brown, with segment 2 darker. Prothorax about as long as head and only slightly wider, with one transparent but rather prominent spine on each posterior angle. MesotJiorax largest, sides rounded; metatJiorax with sides almost parallel but constricted abruptly at the posterior margin. Pter- thorax somewhat darker than rest of body. Legs uniformly grayish brown, only hind tibia armed. Wings uniformly brownish gray, with small, semitransparent, elongate area near base with veins and spines prominent, although all veins are transparent. Costa with twenty-seven spines, fore vein with nine regularly placed spines near base and other scattered spines along outer part. Hind vein arising from fore vein at about one-fourth the wing's length from the base and ending abruptly near tip of wing with ten more or less regu- larly placed spines. Fringe on fore vein weak. Abdomen cyhndrical ovate, uniformly brownish gray, without prominent spines except on terminal segments; all spines transparent. Habitat: San Jose, Fresno, Lindsay, Tulare County, Cal. Taken on grasses, leaves, and ears of corn. (58) Anaphothrips tricolor new species. (PI. V, figs. 35-38.) Measurements: Head, length 0.10 mm., width 0.15 mm. ; prothorax, length 0.13 mm., width 0.18 mm.; mesothorax, width 0.23 mm.; 42 NOETH AMERICAN THYSANOPTERA. abdomen, width 0.25 mm.; total length 1.16 mm. Antennae: 1, 12;(; 2, 30 11] 3, 39 /i; 4, 30 /i; 5, 30//; 6, 30 /t: 7, 8, 9, 33 //; total length 0.21 mm. Color: Head and pro thorax grayish yellow; pterthorax orange; abdomen brown, shading to darker toward tip. Head considerably wider than long, cheeks almost straight and diverging behind. Front of head broadly rounded; back of head very faintly cross-striated, without prominent spines. Eyes promi- nent, black, occupying almost two-thirds of width of head. Ocelli present, with light-brov^^n inner crescents. Mouth-cone long and slender, reaching almost to posterior margin of prothorax, tipped with black. Maxillary palpi three-segmented, labial palpi two- segmented, basal segment very short, second segment very long. Antennx apparently with nine segments, only sHghtly more than twice as long as head, segments 1, 2, 3, and base of 4 unicolorous with. head, segment 2 shaded mth brown, tip of 4 and others shading quite uniformly to dark brown, all spines transparent. Prothorax with angles broadly rounded, unicolorous with head, with one prominent spine on each posterior angle ; other smaller spines are present but all are transparent. Mesothorax and metatliorax united evenly at sides and conspicuously orange-colored. Legs slender, grayish yellow, unicolorous with head, all tibiae armed. Wings, includ- ing veins and spines, transparent. Veins prominent. Costa with twenty-five regularly placed spines, fore vein with a group of about eight spines on basal half and two or three scattered spines near tip. Posterior longitudinal veins arising from fore veins at about one- tliird the wing's length from the base and ending abruptly near tip of mng with about ten regularly placed spines ; fringe on anterior pair of wings slight. Abdomen with segments 2 to 6, inclusive, almost equal and with sides parallel. Segments 8, 9, and 10 with sides abruptly converging to meet the smaller pointed tenth segment. Surface of abdomen cross- striated. Posterior margins of dorsal plates of segments 5 to 8, inclusive, with arrangement of short, sharp spines; these are most consj)icuous on segments 7 and 8. Abdomen dark brown, shading to darker toward tip, all spines of abdomen dark brown. JIahitat: Tulare County, Cal. Taken on goldenrod and orange foliage. Specimens collected by Mr. P. K. Jones. (75) Trichothrips ruber new species. (PI. V, ^^^. 39; PL VI, fig. 40.) Measurements: Head, length 0.18 mm., width 0.1 9 mm. ; j)rothorax, length 0.14 nmi., widtli 0.28 mm.; mesothorax, width 0.33 mm.; abdomen, widtli ().:>3 mm.; tube length 0.12 mm.; total body, length 1.42mm. Antenna- 1, 18/z; 2,42/z; 3,3G/z; 4,48//; 5,42/^; 6,39//; 7, 33 //; 8, 21 //; total 0.28 mm. DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW GENERA AND SPECIES. 43 General color uniform dark browiiisli-rod. Antonnso dark ])r()wii, legs brown, tips of foro iWmv. and fon^ tarsi y(»llow. Head about as long as wide, broadly rounded in front, cheeks slightly arched, back of head cross-striated; postocular spines long and with blunt tips. Eyes large, semitriangular in shape, slightly protruding, black, with bright-yellow outer borders, pilose. Ocelli present, sit- uated far forward, anterior one on vertex; posterior ocelli contiguous with inner anterior margins of eyes, red, with reddish-black crescents. Mouth-cone short, pointed, not reaching across prostemum, maxillary palpus with two segments. Antennx with eight segments, one and five-tenths times as long as head, dark brown, except segment 3, w^hich is lighter; segments increasing in size gradually until the fourth, which is largest, and then gradually diminishing toward the tip ; all spines and sense cones transparent, three sense cones on segment 4, two smaller ones on segment 5. Protliorax with sides diverging posteriorly, widest near the back. The fore coxse are broadly rounded and prominent and form what appear to be the posterior angles of the prothorax; long blunt spines on anterior and posterior angles, on sides and on prominent coxae; other spines not conspicuous. Pterthorax largest. Legs rather slender, without conspicuous spines or markings ; only a very small claw on each fore tarsus. Wings long, slender, transparent except where light brown at extreme base above. Abdomen'ynth. segments 2 to 6, inclusive, about equal, after which they decrease gradually until the tube. Segments 2 to 8 each with two long, blunt hairs on posterior angles. Segments 2 to 7 each with. a pair of strong, brown, inwardly curved spines on either side half way from center to margin; other spines smaller and not conspicuous. Hairs on terminal segments long and slender. Described from a single female. Habitat: San Jose, Cal. Taken in blossoms of azalea, in May. (92) Cephalothrips errans new species. (PL VI, figs. 42-44.) Measurements of two wingless females: Head, length 0.18 mm., width 0.13 mm.; prothorax, length 0.12 mm., width (including prominent fore coxa) 0.22 mm.; mesothorax, width 0.20 mm.; abdomen, width 0.28 mm.; tube length 0.10 mm.; total body, length 1.16 mm. Antenna: 1, 18 /^; 2, 39 [i; 3, 39 /z; 4, 45 p.', 5, 45 //; 6, 39 //; 7, 39 /£; 8, 24 //; total length 0.28 mm. . Three specimens of the winged male of this species show the follow- ing variations: Prothorax, length 0.14 mm., width 0.26 mm.; meso- thorax, width 0.25 mm.; total length 1.86 mm. when the body is dis- tended. Antennae: 1, 21 fi', 2, 45 /t; 3, 45 /^; 4, 48 /z; 5, 42 //; 6, 39 }i\ 7, 45 ii\ 8, 30 li. 44 NORTH AMERICAN THYSAXOPTEEA. General color uniform dark brown except tips of all tibiae and all tai'si, wliicli are yellowish. Wings (in the forms wliicli have \\ings) transparent. Head about four-tenths longer than wide, broadly rounded in front except at vertex, which projects forward between basal segments of antennae; cheeks almost straight, without markings and without spines other than the long, transparent, blunt, postocular ones. Eyes somewhat triangular in shape, prominent but not protruding, black, with lemon-yellow outer margins, not pilose. Ocelli present, situated far forward on head, each posterior one contiguous with inner anterior margin of eye, slightly reddish-brown, %vith darker crescents ; anterior ocellus smaller and with pigment, elongate and not crescent shaped. Moutli-cone a Uttle shorter than its -s^ddth at base; maxillary palpus two-segmented, basal segment very small, second segment long; labium broadly rounded. Antennae, with eight segments, one and one-half times as long as head, uniform dark brown except segment 3, wliich is light brown and somewhat yellowish at base; spines and sense cones present but not conspicuous; segments 7 and 8 closely joined. Prothorax about seven-tenths as long as head; sides (including prominent coxa) diverging rapidly from the anterior margin to about three-fourths the length and then abrupth' constricted, the outer angles thus formed broadly rounded. With three pairs of long, blunt spines on fore and liind angles and one midway along sides; also similar spine on each prominent fore coxa. Ptertliorax with sides almost even and parallel, a little narrower than prothorax but much wider than head; almost as wide as prothorax in mnged forms. Legs short, stout, each fore tibia with a small tooth. Wings (in winged forms) very weak, hardly attaining half the length of the abdomen, transparent, and hardly to be seen except for very light brownish area at extreme base. Spines on sides of ahdomen long and transparent, those on tip of tube brown. Described from two wingless and three winged fcMuales. Ilahitat: San Jose, Cal. Food plants: Wild mustard, apricot, and })ruiie foliage. Adults taken from April to July. 46 BIBLIOGRAPHY OF RECENT PUBLICATIONS. Cary, Lewis K. 1902. The grass thrips (Anaphothrips striata Oflborn). 31 errans 19. 31, 43-44 yucc.ii' 19, 31 ( lereals, food i)lant8 of Chirothrips manicatus 25 Cestrum nocturnum, food jjlant of Heliothrips femoralis - 23 Chanivcdoreafragrans, food plant of Euthrips orchidii 26 INDEX. 49 rage. Chamisal (see also Adcnostorna fasciculalum) . food plant of Euthrips minutus 27 Cherry, food plant of Euthrips minutus 27 pyri •- 2G Chirothrips 12, 15 25 crassus 15,25 manicatus 15, 25 mexicanus 15, 25 obesus 15, 25 Christmas berry. (See Heteromeles arhuiifolia.) Chrysanthemum leucanthemum, food plant of JSolothrips fascia tus 22 sp., food plant of Ueliothrips femoralis 23 Citrus sp., food plant of Euthrips citri 26 Classification of North American Thysanoptera 10-21 Clover, burr, food plant of Ueliothrips fasciatus 24 food plant of Molothrips fasciatus 22 Chirothrips manicatus 25 Phlceothrips uzeli 32 red, food plant of Anthothrips niger 29 white, food plant of Anthothrips niger 29 Compositse, food plants of JEolothrips fasciatus 22 Euthrips cephalicus 27 insularis 27 Thrips abdominalis 23 Convolvulus sp., food plant of Euthrips insularis 27 Corn, food plant of Anaphothrips striatus 28 zese 28, 47 Euthrips nervosum 27 Thrips perplexus 23 Cornus stolonifera, food plant of Scirtothrips ruthveni 26 Crinum sp., food plant of Heliothrips femoralis 23 Croton spp., food plants of Heliothrips hxmorrhoidalis 23 Cryptothrips 13, 19, 32 asperus=Leptothrips asperus calif ornicus 19, 32 taken under old shells of Lecanium corni 32 taken under old shells of Saissetia olex 32 carhonarius 19, 32 fasciapennis=Aleurodothripsfasciapennis rectangularis 19, 32 Cucumber, food plant of Heliothrips femoralis 23 Sericothrips variabilis 24 Cycas revoluta, food plant of Parthenothrips dracsenae 22 Cyperus sp.? food plant of Thrips perplexus 23 Dahlia spp., food plants of Heliothrips hxmorrhoidalis 23 Daisy, oxeye, food plant of Anthothrips niger 29 Daucus sp.? food plant of Thrips abdominalis 23 Descriptions of new genera and new species of Thysanoptera 34 Dictothrips H. 24 reticulatus 24 Diplacus glutinosus, food plant of ^olothrips fasciatus 22 Dodder, food plant of Anthothrips variabilis 29 71924°— 11 4 50 NOETH AMERICAN THYSANOPTERA. Page. Dogwood. (See Cornus stolonifera.) Dracxna sp., food plant of Heliothrips femoralis 23 Parthenothrips dracaenx 22 Echinothrips 11, 24, 37 mexicanus 24, 37-38 Elderberry. (See Sambucus glauca.) Elm, food plant of Scolothrips sexmaculatus 26 Erigonum fasciculatum, food plant of Liothrips fasciculatus 33 Erythrothrips 11, 21, 34-35 arizonsB 21, 35-36 Eucharis grandijlora, food plant of Ileliothrips femoralis 23 Eurythrips 12, 17, 29 ampliventralis 17, 29 osbomi 17, 29 Euthrips 12, 15-16, 26-28 albus 15, 26, 39-40 cephalicus 16, 27 reticulatus 16, 27 citri 9, 15, 26 ehrhorni 15, 26 fuscus 9, 16, 27 heHanthi 16,27, 40-41 insularis 16, 27 reticulatus= Euthrips insularis 27 minutus 16, 27 setosu^= Euthrips minutus 27 nervosus 16, 27 nicotianx= Euthrips fuscus 27 ocddentalis 16, 27 orchidii 15, 26 parvus 15, 26, 38-39 pyri 9, 15, 26 tritici 9, 16, 28 califomicus 16, 28 taken with Euthrips tritici on flowers 28 ulicis califomicus 16,27 Ferns, food plants of Ileliothrips hxmorrhoidalis 23 Festuca ovina, food plant of Chirothrips ohesus 25 pratensis, food plant of Limothrips cerealium 25 Ficaria sp., food plant of Euthrips orchidii 26 Ficus elastica, food plant of Ileliolhrips femoralis 23 Parthenothrips dracacnx 22 grandiflora, food plant of Ileliothrips femoralis 23 nitida, Liothrips hakeri taken in galls on leaves 33 religiosa, Liothrips bakcri taken in galls on flowers 33 Fig, food plant of Euthrips pyri 26 Thrips bremncrii 23 Flowers, food plants of Thrips tabaci 23 spring, food plants of Euthrips nervosus 27 wild, food plants of Euthrips tritici 28 Fruit blossoms, food of Thrips tabaci 23 Galls, on Ficus nitida heaves, Liothrips bakcri taken thereon 33 religiosa flowers, Liothrips bakeri taken therein '. . 33 oak, Liothrips umbripennis mexicanus tuken thereon 33 INDEX. 51 Gall, on Solidago, Idolothrips armatus tak(m fhoroin :i4 Zj/gothrips longireps lak(!ii lh(!r(;iii 32 pine-cone, on willow, Trirholhrips hrcricuralis thonan 30 Gardenia Bp., food plant of Ileliolhripsfcmoralis 23 Gnorimoschcina gallaesolidaginis, on Solidago canadensis, Idolothrips armatus taken in galls 34 Goldenrod (see also Solidago). food plant of Anaphothrips tricolor 28 Cephalothrips yuccx 31 Gossypium ep., food plant of Ueliothrips femoralis 23 Grape (see also Vitis). food plant of Euthrips pyri 26 Leptothrips asperus taken thereon 32 wild, food plant of Liothrips citricornis 33 Grass, millet. (See Milium effusum.) ' ' old witch, ' ' food plant of Chirothrips crassus 25 Groundnut, food plant of Euthrips insularis 27 Heliothrips 11, 14, 23-24 fasciapennis 14, 24 fasciatus 9, 14, 23 femoralis 14, 23 hxmorrhoidalis 9, 14, 23 Heteromeles arbutifolia, food plant of Trichothrips ilex 30 Heterothrips 12, 17, 28-29 arisaemae 17, 28 decacornis 17, 29 salids 17, 28 Hickory, food plant of Liothrips citricornis 33 Hop, food plant of Scolothrips sexmaculatus 26 Hop-tree. (See Ptelea trifoliata.) Hydrangea sp., food plant of Heliothrips femoralis 23 Idolothrips 13, 20-21, 33-34 angusticeps 20, 34 armatus 21, 34 coniferarum 20, 34 flavipes 20, 33 tuberculatum 21, 34 Jack-in-the-pulpit. (See Arissema triphyllum.) Juniperus virginiana, Idolothrips coniferarum taken thereon 34 Kentia belmoreana, food plant of Parthenothrips dracaense 22 Key to genera 11-13 species 13-21 suborders and families 10-11 Labiatse, food plant of Euthrips cephalicus reticulatus 27 Laurel, California. (See Umbellularia californica.) mountain. (See Umbellularia californica.) Laurestinas, food plants of Heliothrips hxmorrhoidalis 23 Lecanium corni (arraeniacum), Cryptothrips calif ornkus taken from under old shells 32 Legumes, food plants of Euthrips insularis 27 Lemon, food plant of Thrips madronii 22 Leptothrips 1^,2,2 asperus Lettuce, food plant of Heliothrips fasciatus 24 52 NORTH AMERICAN THYSANOPTERA. Lilac, California. (See Ceanothus thyrsifiorus.) Page, mountain. (See Ceanothus sp.) wild. (See CeanotAi^ sp.?) LiUaceae, food plants of Reliothrips hsemorrhoidalis 23 Limothrips 11, 25 avenx=Limothrips cerealium 25 cereaUum 25 Liothrips 13, 20, 33 bakeri 20, 33 citricornis 20, 33 fasciculatus 20, 33 stenoceps 20, 33 taken with Liothrips fasciculatus on wild buck- wheat 33 mcconnelli 20, 33 ocellatus 20, 33 umbripennis 20, 33 mexicanus 20, 33 Lissothrips = 12, 30 muscorum 30 Lupine, purple. (See Lupinus sp.?) Lupinus, food plant of Euthrips insularis 27 sp.?, food plant of jEolothrips kuiuanaii 22 Madrona. (See Arbutus menziesii.) Malacothrips 13, 31 zonatus 31 Malpighiceae, food plants of Hcterothrips decacomis 29 Mango, food plant of Heliothrips hxmorrhoidalis 23 Manzanita. (See Manzanita manzanita .) Manzanita manzanita, food plant of Orothrips kelloggii 21 Maple, hard. (See Acer saccharum.) soft, food plant of Trichothrips bujfx 30 Megalothrips - 13, 21, 34 hesperus 21, 34 spinosus 21, 34 Milium effusum, food plant of Baliothrips basalts 22 Mimulus sp. , food plant of Thrips magnus 23, 36 Mina lobata, food plant of Ueliothrips femoralis 23 Monkey flower. (See Diplacus glutinosus and Mimulus sp.) Moonflower, food plant of Ueliothrips femoralis 23 Moss, food plant of Lissothrips muscorum 30 Liothrips ocellatus taken thereon 33 Mullein, food plant of Anthothrips verbasci 29 wild, food plant of Trichothrips femoralis 30 Mustard, wild, food plant of Cephalothrips errans 31, 44 Neothrips 13, 32 cortiris 32 Nicotiana tabacum (see also T(jbacco). food plant of Chirothrips mexicanus 25 Nightshade, food plant of PJuthrips citri 26 Oak leav(\'^, fallen, Idolothrips flavipes taken therein 33 Liothrips umbripennis mexicanus taken in galls 33 taken on various species 33 scrub, {^ee Quercus dumosa.) tanbark. (See Qucrcus dcnsiflora.) INDEX. 53 Oak, white. (See also Quercus alba.) Page. Idolothrips tuhcrculatus takcMi IhercMHi 34 Oats, food plant of Molothrips fasciaius 22 Limolhrips cerealium 25 Olive, food plant of Enjlhrothrips arizonx 21, 36 Onion, food plant of JEolothrips fasciatus 22 Orange, food plant of Anapholhrips tricolor 28 zex 28 Enjthrothrips arizonx 21, 35 Euthrips citri 26 Ileliothrips fasciatus 24 Orchids, food plants of Euthrips orchidii 26 Orothrips 11,21 kelloggii 13, 21 yosemitii 13, 21, 34 Palm, date, food plant of Heliothrips hxmorrhoidalis 23 kola, food plant of Heliothrips hxmorrhoidalis 23 sago. (See Cycas revoluta.) Palms, food plants of Euthrips orchidii 26 Pandanus sp., food plant of Ileliothrips femoralis 23 Panicum capillare, food plant of Chirothrips crassu^ 25 sanguinale, food plant of jEolothrips bicolor 21 Papaw, food plant of Euthrips insularis 27 Parthenothrips 11, 22 dracxnx 22 Pea, food plant of Ileliothrips fasciatus 24 Peach, food plant of Cryptothrips cali/ornicus 32 Euthrips albus 26 pyri 26 tree, dead, Cryptothrips rectangularis taken under bark 32 Pear, Bartlett, food plant of Cryptothrips cali/ornicus 32 food plant of Euthrips minutus 27 pyri 26 Heliothrips fasciatus 24 Pellea hastata, food plant of Heliothrips hxmorrhoidalis 23 Pepper, food plant of Euthrips insularis 27 Phleum pratense, food plant of Anaphothrips striatus 28 Phlqeothripid.e 11, 12, 13 Phloeothrips 13, 20, 32-33 maculatus 20, 33 pergandei 20, 32 raptor 20, 33 uzeli 20, 32 Phlox, food plant of Heliothrips hxmorrhoidalis 23 Phyllothrips asperus=Leptothrips asperus 32 citricornis=Liothrips citricornis 33 fasciculata=Liothripsfasciculatus 33 umbripennis—Liothrips umbripennis 33 Pine (see also Pinus). food plant of Cephalothrips errans 31 Pinks, food plant of Heliothrips hxmorrhoidalis 23 Pinus {see also Pine) . inops, Idolothrips coniferarum taken thereon 34 Plantago rugelii, Idolothrips armatus taken thereon 34 54 NORTH AMERICAN THYSANOPTERA. rage. Plectothrips 12, 31 antennatus 31 Plum, food plant of Euthrips pyri 26 wild, in England, food plant of Euthrips pyri 26 Poa pratensis, food plant of Anaphothrips striatus 28 Chirothrips obesus 25 Poplar, Carolina, Acanthothrips albivittatus taken thereon 31 Phloeothrips maculatus taken under rotting bark 33 Potato, food plant of Euthrips insularis 27 Prune, food plant of Cephalothrips errans 44 Euthrips ehrhornii 26 minutus 27 pyri 26 Liothrips mcconnelli » 33 French, food plant of Cryptothrips californicus 32 Pseudothrips 12, 28 inequalis 28 Ptelea trifoliata, food plant of Sericothrips pulchellus 24 Pyrol, woolly, food plant of Euthrips insularis 27 Quercus (see also Oak). alba, food plant of Trichothrips tridentatus 31 densiflora, food plant of Cryptothrips californicus 32 dumosa, food plant of Trichothrips ilex dumosa 31 Quince, food plant of Trichothrips beachi 30 Radish, food plant of Heliothrips fasciatus 24 Raphidothrips 11, 25 fuscipennis 25 Rhamnus purshiana, food plant of Erythrothrips arizonse 21, 36 sp. , food plant of Euthrips insularis 27 Rhaptothrips 12, 29 peculiaris 29 Rhododendron occidentale, food plant of Thrips madronii 22 Richardia aethiopica, food plant of Heliothrips femoralis 23 Rosacea?, food plants of Euthrips cephalicus reticulatus 27 Rose, "La France, " food plant of Aleurodothrips fascia pennis 29 Roses, food plants of Euthrips insularis 27 Salix {see also Willow). fluviatilis, food plant of Ileterothrips salicis 28 Trichothrips brevicuralis 30 Sambucus glauca, food plant of yEolothrips kuwanaii 22 Sabisetia oleae, Cryptothrips californicus taken from under old shells 32 Scale, black. (See Saissetia olcx.) brown apricot. (See Lecanium corni [armcniactan].) Scirtothrips 12, 26 Tuihvcrii 26 >Scololhrips 12, 26 sexmaculatus 26 Sericothrips H, 14-15, 24-25 aptcris 15, 24 cirujulatus 14, 24 pulchellus 14, 24 reticulatus 11, 15, 25 stanfordii 15, 25 variabilis 14, 24 INDEX. 56 Smartweed, food plant of Sericothrips variabilis 24 Solarium sp., food plant of Eulhrips cephalirus 27 Thrips abdominalis 23 umbelliferum, food plant of Thrips madronii 22 Solidago {see also Goldenrod). canadensis, Idolothrips armatus taken in galla M Zygothrips longiccps taken in gall 32 Sunflower, food plant of Eulhrips minutus 27 wild, food plant of Eulhrips hclianthi 27, 40 Sycamore, Acanlholhrips nodicornis taken thereon 31 food plant of Acanlholhrips magnafemoralis 31 Tansy, food plant of JEololhrips fascialus 22 Terebrantia 10 Thistle, food plant of Eulhrips cilri .^ 26 THRIPID.E *. ...* 10, 11-12 Thrips 11, 14, 22-23 abdominalis 14, 23 bean. (See Heliothrips fascialus .) bremnerii 14, 23 grass. (See Anapholhrips striatum.) greenhouse. (See Heliothrips hxmorrhoidalis .) madronii 14, 22 magnus 14, 23, 36 onion. (See Thrips labaci.) orange. (See Eulhrips cilri.) pear. (See Eulhrips pyri.) perplexus 14, 23 strawberry. (See Eulhrips Irilici.) labaci 9, 14, 23 tobacco. (See Eulhrips fuscus .) Thysanoptera, North American, bibliography of recent papers 44-46 catalogue 21-34 classification 10-21 key to genera 11-13 species 13-21 suborders and families 10-11 Tobacco (see also Nicotiana tabacum). food plant of Eulhrips fuscus 27 insularis 27 Tomato, food plant of Heliothrips femoralis 23 Trichothrips .-•-,: 12, 17-19, 30-31 ambitus ---y^/- ,' 18, 30 americanus l vi : 18, 30 angusticeps '• W^^. 18, 30 beachi 18, 30 brevicuralis 18, 30 buffx 18, 30 dens 18, 30 femoralis 18, 30 ilex 18, 30 dumosa 19, 31 longitubus 18, 30 ruber 18, 30, 42-43 smithi 18, 30 tridentatus 19, 31 56 NORTH AMERICAN THYSANOPTERA. TUBULIFERA JJlnius montana var. pendula, food plant of Phlceothrips uzeli Umhellularia califomica, food pknt of Ankothrips robustus Thrips madronii Verbenas, food plants of Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis Vetch, wild, food plant of Heliothrips hxmorrhoidalis Vines, pea, food plant of Heliothrips fasciatus food plants of Heliothrips hxmorrhoidalis Vitis {see also Grape). spp., food plants of Heliothrips femor alls Walnut, English, food plant of Eathrips pyri , Weeds, food plants of jEolothrips fasciatus • Sericothrjps aptens « . ^. . ^ r.eticulatus -...:.:. ^<«'*' • ■ *' stanfordii Wheat, food plant of ^olothrips fasciatus White fly, citrus. (See Aleyrodes citri.) wood, food plant of Euthrips insularis Willow (see also Salix Jluviatilis). black, food plant of Euthrips insularis stem, dead, Cryptothrips rectangularis taken in lepidopterous or coleop- terous larval burrows Megalothrips (?) spinosus taken in lepidopterous or coleop- terous larval burrows Yams, food plant of Euthrips insularis Yarrow, food plant of Euthrips minutus Yucca filamentosa, food plant of Cephalothrips yuccx Zygothrips longiceps raire. 11 B2 21 22 23 24 24 23 23 26 22 24 25 25 22 27 27 32 34 27 27 31 13,32 32 O 11 UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA illlilllli 3 1262 09229 6440 ^^it'^^y '^^ ^cHi^