oe ee 
 
 OF TH 
 ——S UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 
 
 i ~ London County Council. 
 
 CT rc etme remem Sree ee ce eee re 
 
 ROYAL COMMISSION ON THE PORT OF 
 LONDON, 1900. 
 
 STATEMENT OF EVIDENCE 
 BY THE 
 
 CLERK OF THE LONDON COUNTY COUNCIL, 
 
 Tue County Hatt, 
 Spring Garpens, 8.W.; 
 8rd Dece: aber, 1900, 
 
 Jas. Trvs@eeb. axp Sow. Pastors: Scrvotk Lane,.Cannon Sirecr, H.C. 
 
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London County Council. 
 
 LIBRARY 
 
 OF THE 
 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 
 
 ROYAL COMMISSION ON THE PORT OF 
 LONDON, 1900. 
 
 STATEMENT OF EVIDENCE 
 
 BY THE 
 
 CLERK OF THE LONDON COUNTY COUNCIL. 
 
 Tue County Hatt, 
 Sprinc Garpens, 8.W.., 
 37d December, 1900. 
 
 Jas. Truscott aND Son, Printers, SurroLK Lane, CANNON STREET, EC. 
 [52894-5650 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 Summary of events 
 
 Dock accommodation provided 
 
 Shipping of the Port 
 
 Position of the trade of London ... 
 
 Expenditure and revenue of London Port authorities 
 Government of 7 Port of London 
 
 System of government of the other parts of the United Kingdom 
 
 Foreign ports ... 
 
 TABLES ACCOMPANYING THE STATEMENT OF EVIDENCE 
 
 (See list at end of Statement). 
 
 PAGES. 
 1—10 
 11—12 
 13—17 
 18—21 
 22—26 
 27—28 
 29—30 
 31 
 
Le 
 
 £ 
 
 . = 
 
 STATEMENT OF EVIDENCE. 
 
 Mr. Grorce Lavrenor Gomme, clerk of the London County Council, 
 appointed on the 30th October, 1900, and formerly Statistical Officer 
 of the Council since 1891. 
 
 He prepared for the Rivers Committee of the Council returns to 
 enable that Committee to report upon the following resolution of the 
 Council (of the 24th March, 1896)— 
 
 “That it being in the best interest of London to improve its 
 shipping by improved and cheaper dock accommodation, it be referred 
 to the Rivers Committee to report upon the whole subject.” 
 
 He has prepared, for the purposes of this Commission, evidence on 
 behalf of the Council, which as the central local authority of London, 
 it is desirous of submitting as bearing upon the importance of the 
 port and docks as matters of public concern. He has studied this subject 
 for some years as a matter of vast public importance, and has at the request 
 of the Council visited foreign and English ports, in order to understand 
 the question from as many points of view as possible. 
 
 Summary of events showing original municipal control and final private control 
 of the port. 
 
 The first important point which the Council desires to direct attention 
 to in connection with the Port of London is that formerly it was under 
 municipal control. The manner in which municipal control has in the past 
 been exercised in the port, and the various events which have occurred by 
 which that municipal control has almost entirely disappeared, are of 
 importance in the present enquiry. For this purpose the following facts 
 have been obtained from original authorities. 
 
 Early in municipal history the condition and administration of the port 
 was always considered a municipal service and many instances occur of 
 works being undertaken by the municipalites of the country in connection 
 with their ports. In London from the earliest times the control of 
 the river Thames seems to have been generally regarded as the duty of 
 the mayor, commonalty, and citizens of the City of London. 
 
 Thus, in a case of disputed jurisdiction over the Thames in 14 Edward 
 IIL. (1321), judgment was given (Liber Custumarum, Vol. II., Part I., p. 408) 
 “quod aqua Thamisia pertinet ad civitatem Londoniarum, a Londoniis 
 usque ad mare” (that the water of the Thames belongs to the City of Lon- 
 don, from London to the sea.) Howel (Londinopolis, 1657, pp. 15-16) refers 
 to this judgment, giving a slightly different text; and to another similar 
 judgment in 1 Richard If. (1877), when, the sheriffs and citizens of London 
 being called in question for their jurisdiction exercised on the Thames, it was 
 found “ quod nullus habeat aliquid juris in Thamisia usque ad novum gurgi- 
 tem nisi cives Londonens,” (that nobody has any jurisdiction on the Thames 
 down to the new “wear” [gurges=a wear, Liber Albus, Glossary, p. 389], 
 except the citizens of London). 
 
 A great amount of information as to the complaints and disputes is to be 
 found in the series of records known as the Remembrancia, preserved among 
 
 967545 
 
2 
 
 the archives of the City of London. An analytical mdex to these, for the 
 period 1579-1664, was published by the City Corporation in 1878, and a 
 few examples from this will illustrate the position. In 1580 we find, in a 
 letter from the Lords of the Council to the Lord Mayor, the Government 
 recognising the jurisdiction of the City over the Thames. The précis of 
 the letter in Remembrancia runs— 
 
 “The river Thames, by reason of the number of weirs between 
 the bridge (London-bridge) and Windsor had become choked and 
 almost unnavigable. They requested him, as conservator of the river, 
 to send the water bailiff or some officer to them, with an account of the 
 number of weirs existing from London-bridge to Staines, how many 
 there had been in ancient times, and what number had increased within 
 the past seven years; how many were fit to remain, and to take order 
 for the removal of the others”’ (pp. 499-500). 
 
 Another letter of the same year, from the Lord Mayor to the Lord 
 Treasurer, complained— 
 
 “That, contrary to the rights and charters of the City appoimting 
 the Lord Mayor conservator of the river Thames within certain bounds, 
 which jurisdiction had been quietly enjoyed by the City for many years 
 without interruption, during which time the river had been kept in a 
 good state, of late years the Right Hon. Lord Seymour, Lord Admiral 
 of England, supposing the jurisdiction to belong to his office, had 
 entered into the same and interrupted the franchise and authority of 
 the City. Upon his decease, his successors had, by their officers, 
 continued the interruption. ‘The mayor and citizens, considering the 
 great estate of the said Lords, had not pursued their right, ag 
 in law and justice they might and ought to have done. Since the 
 time of the said interruption, the river, eastwards from London 
 bridge, had become so decayed, that ships or vessels which, within 
 20 or 40 years past, might have come up to the pool against 
 St. Katharine’s, could not pass at low water without danger between 
 London and Greenwich. The channel being choked, the lands 
 adjoining were overflowed, to the danger of breaches, and the destruc- 
 tion of the fry and brood of fish, whereby the City lacked the good 
 store of fish which used to be taken in the river. In consideration 
 whereof, and because the City could not be kept out of utter decay and 
 ruin without present amendment of the river, he requested his good 
 offices and advice with Her Majesty and the Lord High Admiral, that 
 the City might be restored to their ancient rights. If any doubts 
 existed as to the City’s right, the judges, after hearing evidence, 
 should determine to whom the right belonged, that steps might be 
 taken for the conservation of the river” (pp. 500-501.) 
 
 In the same year another letter from the Lord Mayor to the Lord 
 Treasurer stated that— 
 
 “‘ Ships which formerly came to St. Katharine’s could not now come 
 to Blackwall. Tiltboats and wherries were scarcely able to pass from 
 London to Greenwich at low water. The princes and Parliament had 
 in time past thought it best to commit the conservation of the river 
 within certain bounds to the City. Fearing that in time to come the 
 City might be charged with neglect, he requested that Her Majesty 
 might be pleased to command her learned judges to declare the law in 
 this case, and to whom the jurisdiction belonged’ (pp. 501-502.) 
 
 It will be noticed that in these two letters from the Lord Mayor to the 
 Lord Treasurer, the Government is said to have granted the jurisdiction 
 over the river “within certain bounds” to the City Corporation. If such 
 definite control had been granted none of the authorities seem to 
 mention it. All start with James I.’s charter of 1605, and from this date, 
 at all events, the position is clear. 
 
 This charter is dated. 20th August, 1605, and a translation given in 
 Birch’s Historical Charters, 1887, runs, in part, as follows (pp. 132-138.)— 
 
 “Whereas . . . the mayor and commonalty and citizens of our 
 City of London, time out of mind, have had, exercised, and ought, 
 and have accustomed themselves to have and exercise the office of 
 bailiff, and conservation of the water of Thames . . . from the bridge 
 
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 = 
 
3 
 
 of the town of Staines .. . towards the east, unto London-bridge, 
 and from thence to a certain place called Kendall, otherwise Yenland, 
 otherwise Yenleet, towards the sea, and east, and in Medway, and in 
 the Port of London aforesaid, and upon whatsoever bank, and upon 
 every shore, and upon every wharf of the same water of Thames, within 
 the limits and bounds aforesaid, and in, upon, and about all and every 
 of them .. . we have granted, and . . . do grant to the said mayor 
 and commonalty and citizens, and their successors, that they may 
 exercise and execute the said office of bailiff and conservation of the 
 waters of Thames... .” 
 
 Whatever the authority under which the City Corporation exercised 
 jurisdiction over the river prior to this stage, there would seem to be no 
 doubt, in the first place, that that jurisdiction was not definitely theirs by 
 statutory right, and in the second place, that it was recognised as belonging 
 to them, not only popularly but by legal opinion. 
 
 The powers and duties of the Lord Mayor as conservator of the 
 Thames are concisely set out in Norton’s Commentaries of the City of London 
 (1829, pp. 506-507) as follows— 
 
 “he lord mayor has a general authority to remove wears, kiddles, 
 obstructions, and nuisances, and to seize unlawful nets and fish caught 
 unlawfully or out of season. 
 
 “ For the preservation of the waters of the fishery and of the naviga- 
 tion, various Acts of Parliament have from time to time passed, and 
 various ordinances of the Common Council regulating what nets are to 
 be used and how, and condemning, under penalties and forfeiture, any 
 injurious traffic on the river; over which offences the lord mayor has 
 jurisdiction, either by action of debt in his mayor’s court or by 
 inquisitions taken in his court of conservancy. A number of the mem- 
 bers of the court of Common Council form an annual committee called 
 the Navigation Committee, to superintend the general state of the 
 navigation. 
 
 “The Court of Conservancy is a most ancient court of record, held 
 before the lord mayor eight times every year, in the four counties of 
 Middlesex, Kent, Essex and Surrey successively, by prescription and 
 by virtue of the king’s commission, which is granted by the king on his 
 accession, to the lord mayor for the time being. A jury is summoned 
 of residents of those counties, and their jurisdiction may be said to 
 be confined to the inquiry and redress of common nuisances in the 
 river. ‘The commissions which have been from time to time issued 
 from the period of Henry III.’s reign, direct the mayor to inquire into, 
 and authorize him to hear and determine, offences in unlawful fishing. In 
 modern times the court has been held with great regularity, and with 
 very beneficial results; the jurisdiction has been chiefly exercised, like 
 the wardmote leet courts, for purposes of inquisition and presentment ; 
 and the redress of nuisances, when pointed out by such presentment, 
 has been of late years sought by indictment in a superior court. 
 
 “For the purpose of enforcing his authority as conservator of the 
 Thames, the Lord Mayor appoints an officer called the water-bailiff, 
 who is called the sub-conservator, and whose office over the river is of 
 the same nature as that of the chief constable appointed by the county 
 sheriff over the hundred. His duties, which are ministerial and partly 
 regulated by statute, are generally to watch over the river for the 
 detection of, and to inform against, nuisances ; to summon the inquest 
 jury, and to attend them on their view in fulfilment of the charge 
 given them at the conservacy court; to attend the corporation on their 
 aquatic processions; to receive the instructions of the navigation com- 
 mittee of the common council; to licence and inspect fishing-nets; to 
 seize forfeitures for the purpose of condemnation; and to obey the 
 instructions of the civic authorities, in removing obstructions in the 
 navigation of the river.” 
 
 To what extent the Lord Mayor, having the above-mentioned powers 
 my and duties, was able or willing, through his deputy and conservancy courts, 
 to cope with the growing traffic in the port, is shown in several contemporary 
 
 * 
 
4 
 
 annals. In 1746, Roger Griffiths, water bailiff (7.e. the Lord Mayor’s deputy 
 for conservancy purposes), wrote “An essay to prove that the jurisdiction 
 and conservancy of the river of Thames, &c., is committed to the Lord Mayor, 
 &c.,’ in which, after going into raptures over the navigation of the lower 
 river, he says (p. 15)— | 
 
 “ And so truly sensible has the City of London always been of 
 the great importance of the navigation of this river that its chief 
 magistrate and conservator thereof annually holds several courts of 
 conservacy for its preservation, at a very considerable yearly expense 
 to the City; and as a further proof thereof, it is not above four years 
 since they laid out several hundred pefinds in widening the channel 
 and taking away gravel from several shallow places of the river west- 
 wards, which at that time greatly obstructed its navigation, and this 
 last without any other obligation on their parts than their zeal for the 
 public good.” 
 
 After thus praising the City’s administration, he goes on (pp. 15-16)— 
 
 “But I am afraid even all this, or any other expence, how great 
 soever, will little avail to the continuing and preserving this navigation 
 open and free as it ought to be, without a more uniform and regular 
 method of navigating and loading the western great barges is more 
 duly formed and established than what is practised at present or has 
 been of late years especially. 
 
 “In order to explain which, and to act consistent with the 
 duty lowe to my office as well as the publick, I shall here just point 
 out some few of those disadvantages which either now attend, or are 
 but too frequently practised, to the detriment of the navigation west- 
 wards. And the first that I shall mention and which is but too 
 frequently committed by those persons who are entrusted with the 
 navigating of these barges, especially down the river, is this, that 
 such persons, whether through vitiousness, negligence, or wilfulness 
 (best known to themselves) turn their vessels and run aground so 
 across the channel of the river as to obstruct all other barges passing 
 or repassing the same; and this, if I have not been misinformed, has 
 been, and is often done through envy, ill-will or other clandestine views, 
 to others coming down the river at the same time, and so interrupt each 
 other’s passage that not only the owners of the loading often sustain 
 inconveniences by such delays, but the navigation is thereby much 
 impaired by so many vessels lying in the way, or foul of each other, 
 and thereby stopping or diverting the due course of the river, and 
 turning its current, which naturally removes large quantities of sand 
 and gravel from off the shallows into the channel, to its prejudice, 
 both in respect to its dimensions, as well as depth of water; which the 
 more it is expanded, must naturally be the less deep, and consequently 
 the more incapable of bearing the greater burthens.” 
 
 With regard to the lower river, a very vivid account of the state of the 
 navigation is given by James Sharp in a report he made to the City 
 Corporation in 1773 on a proposed canal from Waltham Abbey to Moorfields. 
 He says (p. 2)— 
 
 ‘Our port, once the noblest, perhaps, in the whole world, is greatly 
 injured by many causes. Tideway navigations, according to the 
 nature of things, choak up in time and become shallow, by the 
 perpetual washing down of floods from the rivers above; and from 
 the City of London such a quantity of soil and rubbish is continually 
 carried into it by the sewers as is, of itself, prodigious, and such as can 
 never be prevented; but above all, such is the great contraction 
 of the port, from Westminster to Limehouse, by embankments, 
 by encroachments, and the ill-judged manner of forming our 
 causeways, from the stairs to low water mark, that the Port of 
 London is much upon the decline, and the inconveniences of it multiply 
 very fast, insomuch that it is thought not less than thirty thousand 
 pounds worth of cables are consumed in the winter months by the 
 rapidity of the tides and land floods, there being no eddy waters for 
 ships and other vessels to lie in; it is no uncommon thing to see whole 
 
 ™, 
 
5 
 
 tiers of ships forced from their moorings one upon another, and seldom 
 
 a tide passes without accidents by vessels running foul of others in 
 
 their passage both upwards and downwards, tearing and breaking away 
 
 everything before them; and almost every winter for many years past 
 has afforded melancholy scenes of vessels being wrecked and entirely 
 lost, even in our very port. 
 
 « Thus we stand with regard to our port, and our river navigation 
 is in as bad a condition; neither can it ever be made much better, for 
 locks and dams are impediments, which like the tideway will in time 
 accumulate and render it broad and shallow by reducing the natural 
 fall or descent into flat ground so as to form a step as it were at every 
 lock. Now, though I am averse to embankments in the tideway, sure 
 I am that embankments and contraction is the only method that can 
 be taken to preserve a stream navigation, but even this will not make 
 a river good for passage upwards. ‘The labour of passing against the 
 stream can never be taken away, nor tle meandering length shortened. 
 A river stream is the natural drain of a country and ill formed for 
 navigation.” 
 
 The Corporation had, under the Act 22 Charles If., cap. 11, constructed 
 the channel of Bridewell Dock from the Thames to Holborn-bridge, paid 
 for it out of the coal dues, and were authorised to charge reasonable rates 
 for the use of the navigation and quays. In 1732 this channel had become 
 “a grievous and dangerous nuisance” (6 Geo. II., cap. 22), and the Cor- 
 poration were authorised to fill up the channel and appropriate the ground 
 in fee simple. 
 
 It will thus be seen that though its ancient powers extended to dredging, 
 construction of docks and quays, and nearly all administrative matters, the 
 Corporation did not meet the requirements of the case. The report of the 
 Committee of West India Merchants, December, 1793, in reference to schemes 
 for dock improvements at various outports, says (App. to report of Port of 
 London Committee, 1796, p. 406 of Reports of Commttees, 1793-1802 )— 
 
 “The metropolis of Great Britain alone had, in these material 
 respects, remained torpid; its improvements checked or suspended, 
 and its abuses gradually gaining head.” 
 
 Other references to the inefficiency of the Port at this time are to be 
 found on pp. 270 and 271 of the same volume— 
 
 « A oreat and general complaint is made of inattention to a 
 proper conservation of the depth of the river.” 
 
 ee, The river has lost from four to five feet depth of water 
 at many of the stations or tiers of shipping, and that shortly the 
 channel of the river must be choked and rendered still less suitable to 
 navigation, if measures of prevention are not adopted.” 
 
 e The crowded state of the river, the want of room 
 for mooring ships, and for the constant access to them by craft . 
 No remedy seems to have been applied to this evil, though so repeatedly 
 urged, and so fully admitted.” 
 
 La The quays are not of sufficient extent, from which 
 delays and many extraordinary expenses occur, and obstructions to the 
 due collection of the revenue.” 
 
 Although Parliamentary power was obtained in 1696 to construct a 
 wet dock at Rotherhithe, this dock was practically out of use until it was 
 adopted for the Greenland trade. Practically in 1796 the Port of London 
 had not a single wet dock, while Liverpool and Hull, obtaining statutory 
 powers in 1709 and 1774 respectively, “had improved navigation or 
 constructed commodious docks, with warehouses and other commercial 
 facilities.” (Clifford, Private Bill Legislation, Vol. II., p. 630.) 
 
 In Hull the Corporation had assisted to form the dock company, and 
 had subscribed thereto. 
 
 In Glasgow, again, the municipality in 1758 had obtained an Act to 
 improve the navigation of the Clyde, and had been conspicuous in their 
 attempts to provide better facilities for shipping nearly a century before. 
 
 So matters were drifting, the municipality of London letting go their hold 
 upon this important service. In 1796 private enterprise began to be exerted. 
 Early in that year a committee of merchants petitioued the House of 
 
6. 
 
 Commons for permission to bring in a bill for the making of wet docks at 
 Wapping. ‘Their proposal, as described by the select committee, appointed 
 later in the same year “to enquire into the best mode of providing sufficient 
 accommodation for the increased trade and shipping of the Port of 
 London,” was as follows (pp. 276-277) — 
 
 “To purchase eighty acres in Wapping . . . and there to 
 excavate and form docks of thirty-nine acres area of water, capable of 
 containing three hundred and fifty ships; and one other for the 
 accommodation of lighters, of about two acres, with a course for the 
 main docks into the river at Hermitage Dock.” 
 
 Two entrances were intended for shipping, one communicating 
 directly with the Thames at Bell Dock, the other by a canal, navigable for 
 ships of 350 tons, running eastward 2% miles, reaching the river at 
 Blackwall. Their petition was referred to a committee, upon whose 
 report the House ordered— 
 
 “That leave be given to bring in a bill for making wet docks, 
 basins, cuts, and other works” with “a navigable canal from 
 Blackwall to the said docks in Wapping.” 
 
 On 18th February, 1796, the bill was read a first time. Thereupon 
 numerous petitions were entered against it. Among them was a petition 
 from the City Corporation, in which they claimed that ‘“‘ ever careful of the 
 rights and welfare of their fellow citizens” they had “formed a plan for 
 giving increased accommodation to vessels, without creating a new corpora- 
 tion or expensive establishments, and without imposing burdens on trade” (51 
 Commons Journal, 431, quoted in Clifford’s Private Bill Legislation, u1., 632). 
 In the City plan it was proposed to excavate a dock of 102 acres in the isthmus 
 of the Isle of Dogs capable of containing above 400 ships, and another at 
 Rotherhithe of the same size. Further, they proposed to accommodate 
 such trade remaining in the river by extending the frontage of the existing 
 legal quays for lighters to le alongside, to construct thereon spacious ware- 
 houses, and to open avenues to facilitate conveyance to every part of the 
 rnetropohis. 
 
 So great was the outcry against the making of the docks according to 
 the merchants’ plan that the second reading of the Bill was postponed till 
 a second committee of 1796 had reported. To this committee were referred, 
 in addition to all the petitions against the merchants’ bill, various plans for 
 improving the accommodation in the Port of London, including among 
 them those of the merchants and of the City Corporation. So important 
 was the subject then considered that such members as Mr. Pitt, Mr. Fox 
 and Mr. Sheridan were appointed to serve upon the Committee. 
 
 With regard to the merchant’s plan for docks at Wapping, the com- 
 mittee reported favourably, relymg on the favourable reports of the 
 Commissioners of Customs and Trinity House, to whom the plans had been 
 referred. ‘The Commissioners of Customs reported (Reports of Convmittees, 
 1798-1802, p. 349)— 
 
 “We submit ... that the situation pointed out for the wet 
 docks and canal, for the purpose proposed, is, as far as we are capable 
 of judging, preferable to any other of which we have had cognizance.” 
 
 Trinity House reported (Reports of Committees, 1793-1802, p. 349)— 
 
 “The Committee are therefore decidedly of opinion that the 
 vacant space of ground in Wapping . . . under all circumstances, 
 is the most fit situation for wet docks and legal quays, for the accom- 
 modation of trade and security of revenue in the Port of London. 
 The Committee beg leave to report farther that it is their opinion a cut 
 from Blackwall to the dock in Wapping would also be of great benefit 
 to the trade of this port, as it would free shipping and merchandise from 
 all risk (so far as it extends) from the tides or shipping, which all 
 parts of the river are liable to, and facilitate the passage into the dock.” 
 
 The committee’s report on the City’s scheme (Reports of Committees, 1793- 
 1802, p. 277) was not favourable— 
 
 “The plan appears worthy of the magnificent and commercial 
 spirit of the City Corporation; but meets with objection on part 
 of the Corporation of the Trinity House in their report, because 
 it is deficient in providing for the fundamental convenience to 
 
7 
 
 trade by contiguity to the metropolis and ready intercourse of 
 those concerned, and from the extent of lighterage endangering 
 property and revenue. The danger to both, whilst valuable articles 
 of high duty are detained in lighters, has already been observed by 
 the report of the Commissioners of Customs—' How far close or 
 decked lighters are an adequate or desirable remedy, has, from the 
 evidence on safety and on port charges, been before observed upon by 
 your Committee. The Brethren of the Trinity House further object 
 to the encroachments on the Thames, by projection of the quays, as 
 highly detrimental to the conservation and navigation of the river.’ ” 
 
 The Committee did not, however, definitely recommend one plan, 
 merely submitting their observations on the various schemes, with the 
 evidence and appendix, “in order that the House may be better and more 
 fully enabled to decide on the premises.” ‘Their report was dated May 
 13th, 1796, and the closing of the session on May 19th left no time for 
 legislation. 
 
 In the course of the next three years the merchants continued 
 unsuccessfully their efforts to obtain authority to build docks at Wapping. 
 The City Corporation modified their scheme. ‘They had made a friendly 
 arrangement with some West India merchants, and were promoting a 
 joint bill by which the City should have power to make a canal across the 
 Isle of Dogs and improve the legal quays, while a West India Dock Com- 
 pany, to be created, should make docks in the Isle of Dogs. 
 
 In 1799 these two plans, together with a third of “ merchants, traders 
 and wholesale dealers of the City of London and Borough of Southwark, 
 and others interested in the trade and commerce of the river Thames and 
 the improvement of the Port of London, for newly constructing London 
 bridge, and for enabling ships of 500 tons to le between that and Black- 
 friars-bridge,”’ were referred to a Select Committee. 
 
 The Committee reported (Reports of Committees, 1793-1802, p. 444)— 
 
 “Your Committee are desirous of stating, in the first place, their 
 unanimous opinion that it is indispensably necessary for the accom- 
 modation of the trade of the Port of London that some plan should 
 be forthwith adopted for the improvement of the port. The great 
 increase of the trade for some years; the prospect of a still further 
 increase; the inconvenience, and even danger, to which ships are 
 exposed in navigating the river, and the delay in loading and unload- 
 ing their cargoes, from the crowded state of the shipping; the 
 advantages which several of the outports have obtained from the 
 establishment of docks, cannot fail to impress on the House the truth 
 of this opinion. Your Committee regret that though this subject 
 has been now under consideration for several years, no measure 
 should yet have been taken for remedying evils so universally felt 
 and acknowledged by the commercial part of the metropolis; and 
 they trust that a decision will take place, without further delay, in 
 favour of some one of the plans that have been proposed.” 
 
 This passage interprets almost exactly the present state of things. I 
 shall in my evidence deal with the “ great increase of trade,” “ the prospect 
 of still further increase,” “the inconvenience to shipping,” “the delays at 
 the port,” “ the advantages which several outports have obtained by the 
 establishment of docks.” : 
 
 With regard to the two plans for wet docks, the Committee reported 
 
 (p. 445)— 
 
 ; “Your Committee have no hesitation in delivering it as their 
 opinion that it is desirable that docks should be established in both of 
 these situations (Wapping and Isle of Dogs), and that they would be 
 in no respect incompatible with each other. But considering how 
 important it 1s that something should be done without further delay, 
 your Committee have unanimously resolved . . . to recommend 
 the immediate adoption of the plan of the Isle of Dogs.” 
 
 They preferred this plan “from the very great advantage of providing 
 for large ships in a manner which would enable them to avoid the danger 
 and delay of the circuitous passage.” Following on this report the City 
 bill became law on 12th July, 1799. This is the first great dock bill. 
 
8 
 
 By this Act the Common Council were empowered to make a navigable 
 canal across the Isle of Dogs (section 1); to build piers at Blackwall and 
 Limehouse-hole, to facilitate the entrances into the canal (section 2) ; to 
 remove and alter the present mooring chains, and place others, under the 
 inspection and approbation of Trinity House (section 37). By section 38 
 the West India Dock Company is incorporated, and ordered (by section 42) 
 to pay five per cent. as interest or dividends on monies subscribed until the 
 docks and works shall be completed, and afterwards interest or dividends 
 not exceeding 10 per cent. per annum. The whole of this Act is deserving 
 of careful consideration as showing the position of the municipal authority 
 at this date. 
 
 It will be seen from these facts that the City Corporation as the municipal 
 authority of London at this date took a prominent part in the construction 
 of docks and improvement of the port. Although they allowed the West 
 India merchants’ scheme for docks to become a part of their Act and the 
 company to be incorporated, yet many considerable powers connected with 
 the administration of the port were conferred upon the Corporation, and 
 even in connection with the docks themselves it is noteworthy that by section 
 43 of the Act, it was provided that of 21 directors of the company 4 
 should be aldermen of the City and 4 common councillors. 
 
 Another feature of this Act is that the Government agreed to advance 
 out of the consolidated fund on the credit of the rates and duties granted 
 by the Act a sum of £72,000. 
 
 This grant led up to a series of later grants, which it is important to 
 set forth. The mformation is obtained from the House of Commons 
 Journal. 
 
 On the 16th February, 1802, the City Corporation petitioned Parliament 
 for a further sum of £50,000 to carry on the canal works, all the £72,000 
 originally advanced having been expended. ‘The reason advanced for the 
 inadequacy of the original grant was that in many cases it had been 
 necessary to purchase the whole of properties of which only a part was 
 required. By the subsequent sale of these superfluous parts it was hoped 
 that it would be possible to repay much of the £50,000. The speedy grant 
 of the money was important, as it would obviate much extra expense, the 
 Isle of Dogs at that time being drained by two engines, one for the canal 
 and one for the docks in course of construction. The docks were to be 
 opened in July, and the whole of the drainage (and the opening of the 
 docks would probably increase it) would devolve on the canal—hence the 
 necessity for expedition, ‘The Act 42 Geo. III., cap. 49, was the outcome 
 of this petition (7th May, 1802.). 
 
 On 7th February, 1803, the Corporation again petitioned Parliament 
 for more money, suggesting that an additional toll should be laid on craft 
 frequenting the port. No specific mention of the canal was made in the 
 petition. It implies that the money was to be devoted to the general 
 amelioration of the port, which would, of course, include the canal works. 
 The Act 43 Geo. III., cap. 124 (18th July, 1803), advancing £100,000 for 
 repair of mooring-chains and general improvement of port, and making 
 additional rates on vessels, was the result of this petition. 
 
 On Ist March, 1805, the Corporation again petitioned the House for 
 more money, saying that the canal works were in a very forward state but 
 more capital was needed. The result was 45 Geo. III., cap. 63 (27th June, 
 1805), advancing a further sum of £60,000. 
 
 On 30th June, 1807, the Corporation again asked the House for more 
 money,and 47 Geo. III., sess. 2, cap. 31 (1st August, 1807), advancing £45,000 
 more, was the result. 
 
 The total sum advanced by the Government under these several Acts 
 was apparently £327,000, and it is important to note that a part of this 
 was, under the 1803 Act, devoted to the repair of mooring-chains and the 
 general improvement of the port. 
 
 Thus at this date, the government of the country, the municipal 
 authority of the City, and private enterprise were conjointly concerned in a 
 far-reaching scheme for the improvement and government of the port. 
 
 After this important epoch in the history of dock administration of 
 London, the active interest of the municipal authority gradually died out. 
 
9 
 
 The story is best told in Mr. Clifford’s words in his History of Private Bill 
 Legislation (ii., 653-4). 
 
 “In 1829, as the canal was no longer required for navigation, the 
 Government and Corporation agreed to sell it to the West India Dock 
 Company, whose works it adjoined. At that time none of the advances 
 made by the Treasury had been repaid; the tonnage rates on which 
 these loans were secured had been found insufficient to do more than 
 meet interest and expenses. To end as quickly as possible a bad busi- 
 ness, Parliament allowed the Treasury to sacrifice, after 1829, all claim 
 for interest; the tonnage rates, for a term of twenty-one years, were 
 devoted towards repayment of principal; and the canal was handed over 
 to the Dock Company, freed from all obligation to maintain it as a 
 channel for vessels. Here, therefore, after thirty years, the Corporation 
 closed their statutory connection with the dock and kindred enterprises 
 of the century.” 
 
 In 1836 the attention of Parliament was again directed to the condition 
 of the Port, and a Select Committee of the House of Commons was 
 appointed to enquire into the state of the Port of London. This Committee 
 reported (Rep. p. ii.)— 
 
 “That it appears to this Committee that the navigation of the river 
 Thames in the Port of London has for a great length of time been sub- 
 jected to serious and increasing obstructions, by which the maritime 
 approach to the metropolis has been impeded, the shipping exposed 
 to injury and needless detention, and that frequent accidents have 
 occurred, several of which were attended with the loss of human life. 
 
 “That this Committee are of opinion that the various conflicting 
 jurisdictions and claims of the Admiralty, the Trinity House, and the 
 Corporation of the City of London, over the river Thames below the 
 bridges, have had a most injurious effect upon the interests of navigation, 
 and that it is desirable that they should be consolidated and vested in 
 some one responsible body, and that means should be found to provide 
 for the removal of shoals and obstructions in the bed of the river.” 
 
 Here, again, the present condition of things is interpreted. I shall give 
 evidence upon “ the conflicting jurisdictions,” and as to the insufficiency of the 
 means “ provided for the removal of shoals and obstructions in the bed of the 
 river.’ ‘The recommendation that the conflicting jurisdictions and claims 
 over the river should be vested in one responsible authority was never 
 carried out. Differences between the Crown and Corporation as to rights 
 of Crown over the bed and shore of the Thames were being fought out. 
 The Crown contended tbat it had a property in the bed and shores and a 
 right to revenue accruing from leases of land between high and low water. 
 All this benefit had accrued to the City, which claimed property in right of 
 conservancy. ‘I'he Crown did not dispute the right of the City to con- 
 servancy, but held that the title to bed and shores was independent thereof. 
 Lengthy and costly litigation followed. In 1846 a conference _ be- 
 tween the Crown and the City arranged that a bill should be 
 promoted to constitute a conservancy board consisting of 15 members, 
 10 to be nominated by the Corporation and 5 by the Crown. ‘The bill 
 was introduced in 1847, but did not pass owing to the lateness of 
 the session. Ata second conference, held in 1856, the City recognized the 
 hitherto disputed rights of the Crown, and an agreement was come to by 
 which two-thirds of the revenue from the bed and soil was to go toa 
 conservancy board to be constituted and one-third to the Crown ; litigation 
 was to cease; all necessary conservancy funds were to come ‘from dues 
 levied upon the Port and other sources of revenue of the Corporation; to 
 the new board the Corporation was to appoint seven members, the Admiralty 
 two, the Board of Trade one, and Trinity House two. 
 
 The preamble to the Thames Conservancy Act, 1857, recites that ‘the 
 lastage and ballastage and the office of lastage and ballastage of all vessels 
 coming into, lying i, or going out of the river Thames. .. . and the supplying 
 of ballast to all such vessels. . . . have been by certain ancient grants... 
 vested in the master, wardens, ‘and assistants of the Corporation of Tr inity 
 House of Deptford Strond”’; that Trinity House “have, from time to time, 
 as occasion required, dug, raised, and taken up such gravel, sand, soil, out 
 of and from the river Thames as were fit and proper for the ballasting of 
 
10 
 
 vessels’; that “there are in the river Thames certain shoals, shelves and 
 banks which materially impede the navigation of the said river, but 
 the materials whereof not being fit and proper for the ballasting of 
 vessels the same have not been dug, raised and taken up by the said ” 
 Trinity House; that “it is expedient for the better and more safe 
 navigation of vessels up and down the river Thames that such shoals, 
 shelves and banks as aforesaid, and others of the like nature should be 
 removed and taken away, and the said”’ Trinity House “are willing to 
 undertake the removal of such shoals, shelves and banks in manner herein- 
 after mentioned and provided for”; that ‘“‘the public enjoy certain rights 
 and privileges in and over the river Thames for the navigation and use 
 thereof”; that “ many encroachments have been made on the shores and 
 banks of the river Thames, and it is desirable and expedient that further 
 powers should be given for their removal and prevention”; that, “in con- 
 sequence of the great increase of steam navigation it has become necessary 
 vo provide safe and convenient places for embarking and disembarking 
 steam-boat passengers, and that the same should be put under proper 
 restrictions and regulations” ; that “it is expedient for these beneficial objects 
 that the whole regulation of the river Thames should be under one uniform 
 management and supervision of a permanent body of conservators, having 
 all powers necessary for that purpose.” 
 
 The constitution of the Board under the Act gave a majority to the 
 City Corporation, consisting as it did of the Lord Mayor, two Aldermen and 
 four common councilmen of the City, the deputy master of Trinity House, 
 two nominees of the Lord High Admiral, one each of the Privy Council 
 and Trinity House. This majority was destroyed in 1864, when six 
 additional conservators (two elected by shipowners, one by owners of 
 passenger steamers, two by owners of lighters and steam tugs, one by dock- 
 owners and wharfingers) were ordered to be elected. In 1866, 1893 and 
 1894 the constitution of the Board was again altered, but the majority of 
 the City Corporation was never restored. 
 
 At this point it is important to recall the condition of affairs in 1898. 
 The London County Council had decided to ask Parliament to reform the 
 constitution of the Thames Conservancy Board so as to bring it more into 
 conformity with existing circumstances. The City Corporation no longer 
 represented London, but only one square mile of London. The Council 
 did not succeed in its efforts, beyond obtaining a provision for tem- 
 porary representation and the instruction of the House that the 
 Conservancy should itself bring m a bill to reform its constitution. 
 This was done in 1894... The bill, as introduced, proposed that the repre-. 
 sentation of the County Council and the Corporation should be 8 members 
 out of a total of 383; the bill was amended to give a representation of 12 out 
 of 38, and the constitution of the Thames Conservancy was based upon the 
 representation of the county authorities administering the area of the 
 Thames basin. : 
 
 This legislation introduces into the government of the port a new 
 authority, partly municipal, partly commercial, and partly administrative ; 
 but its powers are limited and its finance is unsatisfactory. It is neither 
 municipal nor private. 
 
 In the meantime, in 1872, municipal administration in the Thames had 
 again been introduced, thus mterposing a new authority. Under the Public 
 Health Act of that year the City Corporation became the sanitary authority 
 for the Port of London, the expenses being defrayed out of the City estates. 
 
 Since the surrender of municipal terest in the docks the companies 
 have had an almost unfettered hand. Act after Act hag been passed by 
 Parliament without any criticism by a public authority, and practically 
 without any object but that of commercial gain. By these Acts the dock 
 companies obtained very considerable powers in various directions—powers 
 which placed the companies in the position of a public authority without the 
 ese fio of a public authority. These powers I give a synopsis of in 
 Nable I. 
 
 The port has grown up into its present unsatisfactory position at the 
 nands, first of monopolist dock companies, then of dock companies instituted 
 for the purpose of competition, then of certain Government departments 
 and specially organised Conservancy bodies, which haye been granted 
 administrative powers in order to correct a few of the evils that were 
 gradually arising, but without a comprehensive grasp of the entire situation. 
 
11 
 
 Dock Accommodation Provided. 
 
 I present a table (2) showing the area of the docks of London from 
 their inception to the present day-— 
 
 In 1802 there was created a dockage area of i+} sO2¢ ACTES. 
 By 1811 it had grown to Bs A Sy ios ty; 
 By 1821 3 “ ae eis Atel amigt 
 By 1831 a pe or sg Pa eames 
 
 From 1831 to 1851 there was practically no development, but between 
 1851 and 1861 considerable development took place— 
 
 By 1861 it had grown to = ... 9902 acres. 
 >» Lome A ee i TAL wee 
 >» Loam “ eax Le Daye hee 
 »» Loam be 5 epse Mars ae 
 
 Since 1886 there has been little or no development. Assuming that 
 acreage roughly measures accommodation, and I think this would be so, 
 there is a most significant deduction to be drawn from this table when con- 
 sidered with the expansion of the trade during the same period. 
 
 The value of the periodical increase in dockage can best be ascertained 
 by comparison with the corresponding growth of shipping and the 
 character of the shipping. 
 
 The following figures supply the principal data for this comparison— 
 
 Nigar Number of Tonnage | Acreage of 
 F ships entered.| entered. docks. 
 1802 14,577 2,085,351 622 
 1831 24,235 3,388,430 223? 
 1841 29,367 4,347,580 2255 
 1851 31,349 5,293,177 2287 
 1861 28,175 6,299,211 3902 
 1871 22,417 6,848,642 471+ 
 1881 *46,568 |*10,001,526 557% 
 1891 45,555  |*12,636,634 6295 
 1897 *48,171 |*15,187,261 631 
 1899 23,711 | 14,682,971 631 
 
 * Altered basis adopted in returns. 
 
 Between 1802 and 1831 the activity in supplying dock accommodation 
 shows that the dock authorities were endeavouring (with success) to meet 
 the requirements. It was nearly quadrupled during this period, whereas 
 shipping had only increased by 62 per cent. in tonnage and 66 per cent. in 
 number of ships. During the period of stagnation between 1831 and 1861 
 shipping had nearly doubled in tonnage (86 per cent.), the number of ships 
 showing only an increase of 16 per cent. over the year 1831, and an actual 
 decrease in numbers during the ten years from 1851 to 1861. Dockage was 
 then increased by 75 per cent., and again it seemed as if the dock authorities 
 were determined to meet the requirements. Since 1861 the tonnage of 
 shipping has gone on increasing in very considerable degrees, while the 
 number of ships has proportionately decreased, showing unmistakeably the 
 tendency towards larger ships. The increase in the dockage has not been 
 commensurate with the requirements during this period. Up to 1886 increase 
 took place, the construction of the Millwall Docks and the Royal Albert 
 Dock, additions to the West India Docks and the Surrey Commercial Docks, 
 and the construction of the Tilbury Docks being the principal works. But 
 shipping had again outstripped the dockage. It had grown from 6,299,211 in 
 1861 to 11,597,756 tonnage in 1886, an increase of 85 per cent. (altered basis). 
 Since 1886 it has grown from 11,597,756 to 15,187,261 in 1897, that is over 
 30 per cent., but nothing has been done during this period to increase the 
 dock accommodation. In 1802, when the dock system was first intstituted, 
 the whole of the shipping was then accommodated in the river. It amounted 
 to 14,577 ships, with a tonnage of 2,085,351, and was considered so intoler- 
 
12 
 
 able an impediment to navigation and so injurious to shipping as to induce 
 Parliament to grant powers to private companies to construct docks. In 
 1899 the total shipping was 23,711 ships, with a tonnage of 14,682,971. 
 The exact apportionment of this shipping between the docks and the river 
 is not obtainable. It appears, however, from the particulars already handed 
 in to the Commission by the Chairman of the Board of Customs, that of the 
 foreign trade alone there is accommodated in the river 5,670 vessels of a 
 tonnage of 2,664,964, a considerably larger tonnage than the whole tonnage 
 which entered the Port in 1799. In addition to this the river has to accom- 
 modate the bulk of the coasting trade, which on a basis which excludes a 
 great number of vessels trading in the river, was in 1899 12,843 vessels and 
 5,488,378 tonnage. There is, at any rate, now accommodated in the river, 
 about four times as much tonnage as was held in 1802 to constitute a serious 
 indictment against the authorities entrusted with the control of the Port. 
 
 I must qualify these conclusions by noting that the quayage of the 
 river has no doubt extended for the smaller vessels. But Iam not able to 
 state to what extent. The information can probably be obtained from the 
 Thames Conservancy, who have to grant licences for wharves, and I would 
 suggest that the information would be useful to the Commission. Still 
 with this information to hand I do not think that the general conclusion as 
 to the failure of the dock authorities to meet requirements can be inyali- 
 dated. It may be, of course, that the dock system is not the proper system 
 to extend for the new developments in shipping. But even so, there is no 
 authority considering, or having the power to consider, what other system, 
 if any, should take the place of dockage or should supplement dockage; and 
 until the docks are placed under a properly constituted authority, no such 
 consideration can be given to the vital questions proved by the figures I have 
 given to be now requiring the most serious and immediate consideration. 
 
18 
 
 Shipping of the Port. 
 
 I next turn to another aspect of the matter. London’s growth and 
 condition must start from its trade. Its shipping has long been of the 
 greatest importance in relation to the shipping of the United Kingdom and 
 of the civilised world. If accommodation has been inadequate, it may 
 affect the trade of the port to such an extent as to constitute a menace to 
 the prosperity of London. It may even do more, for the trade lost to 
 London may not be transferred to a British port, and if it is transferred 
 to a foreign port, the matter becomes one of national importance. I 
 propose, therefore, to ascertain, as far as possible, what are the facts to 
 assist in solving this problem. 
 
 The first point is to ascertain the course of the volume of trade in the 
 Port of London. I begin with the period when the system of docks was 
 first introduced into London, namely, at the beginning of this century, when 
 the river without docks was found totally inadequate to accommodate 
 the trade of the port, and the merchants of London had raised so strong an 
 outery against the want of accommodation. 
 
 The information is not easily available, as the early returns were not 
 based upon the same principle as the modern ones. But much information 
 can be given by reference to extraneous reports and other sources. In all 
 cases I have indicated the source from which the figures are obtained. 
 
 I put in two tables (3 and 4) showing the shipping of the Port of 
 London in each year of the century for which the information is available. 
 The first table shows the shipping entered the port, the second shows the 
 shipping cleared. 
 
 At the end of the last century the question of accommodation and the 
 position of the Port was the subject of protracted enquiries. At the end of 
 this century the question calls again for serious consideration. Whatever 
 may be the relative conditions of the Port at the end of the last and of 
 the present century respectively, there can be no doubt of the greatly 
 increased magnitude of the subject. 
 
 It will be useful to summarise the figures for the years 1799 and 1899 
 in a comparative form. 
 
 First, as regards the foreign and colonial shipping— 
 
 Foreign. 
 
 Number of vessels. Tonnage. 
 
 Entered. | Cleared. Total. Entered. | Cleared. Total. 
 
 In 1799 eat Be 3,414 2,518 5,932 673,473 521,311 | 1,194,784 
 
 In 1899 nS ay 10,868 6,831 17,699 | 9,244,593 | 6,042,050 | 15,286,643 
 
 Proportion of 1899) more than|more than} 3 times. nearly nearly nearly 
 to 1799 3 times. | 24 times. 14 times. | 12 times. | 13 times. 
 
 Secondly, as regards the coasting shipping— 
 
 Coasting. 
 
 Number of vessels. Tonnage. 
 
 Entered. | Cleared. | Total. Entered. | Cleared. | Total. 
 
 Len Wg .- es 11,163 4,913 16,076 | 1,411,878 491,300 | 1,903,178 
 
 In 1899 ee iF 12,843 9,818 22,661 | 5,438,378 | 2,208,683 | 7,647,061 
 
 Proportion of 1899} Slightly | Twiceas | Nearly Nearly | 43 times. | More than 
 to 1799 increased. many 15 times. | 4 times. 4 times. 
 
14 
 
 And thirdly, as regards the total foreign and coasting shipping 
 together— 
 
 Foreign and coasting shipping. 
 
 Number of vessels. Tonnage. 
 
 Entered. Cleared. Total. Entered. Cleared. Total. 
 
 In 1799 . nF 14,577 7,431 22,008 | 2,085,351 | 1,012,611 3,097,962 
 
 In 1899 veg ck 23,711 16,649 40,360 |14,682,971 | 8,250,733 | 22,933,704 
 
 Proportion of 1899 to} More than} Morethan| Nearly | More than| Morethan| Nearly 
 1799 1} times twice twice 7 times 8 times | 73 times 
 
 This increased magnitude of the problem, as it is now presented for 
 consideration, is a measure of its importance from almost every point of 
 view. Whatever is done in the future it cannot be left to the chance results 
 of temporary measures of co-operation between private capitalists and 
 public authority as was the case in the past. It must be settled upon 
 principles which shall give permanence and. settlement in administration 
 and wide and comprehensive powers of development, not only for meeting 
 actual conditions, but of anticipating the probable conditions of the near 
 future. 
 
 The steady and remarkable continuity in the growth of the trade of 
 London is the most apparent feature disclosed by these tables. The 
 increase in the tonnage has on an average been as follows— 
 
 Foreign. Coasting. Total, 
 
 Entered | Cleared.| Total. |Entered.| Cleared.) Total. |Entered.| Cleared.| Total, 
 
 Average annual increase per 
 
 cent. from 1799 to 1899...) 2°55 | 2°48 | 2°58 | 1:36 | 1°51 | 1:40 | 1:97 | 2:12 | 2:02 
 
 Further dividing the figures according to quinquennial periods and com- 
 paring the figures for each period the result is as follows— 
 
 Increase in tonnage in each quinquennial period on the preceding period 
 
 Periods, Foreign. Coasting. Total. 
 Entered.|Cleared. | Total, {Entered.|Cleared.| Total. {Entered. |Cleared.| Total. 
 p.cent./p. cent.|p. cent.{p.cen t./p. cent.|p. cont cent.|p. cent.|p. cent. 
 
 1825-29 on 1820-24 65) S289 1 2654 27-3 
 
 1830-84 ,, 1825-29 ...(— 62 2:4 |\— 2-4 
 
 1835-39 ,, 1880-34, (1.44203 19-9 | 20:2 
 
 1840-44 ,, 1835-39 wef lB BH 103 | 148 2°6 7k 
 
 1845-49 ,, 1840-44  ...] 32:1 | 23-7] 283] 82 15°6 
 
 1850-54 ,, 1845-49... (a) | (a) | (@) 6 (a) 
 
 1855-59 ,, 1850-54 ...| (a) | (a) | (a) 68 (a) 
 
 1860-64 ,, 1855-59 | 20°07 .14-0 | A7-8 52 8:4 6:1 Bae Sf 118 eo 
 1865-69 ,, 1860-64 ...| 163 ) 146 | 15:7 -—-6:0 6:0 |— 3:0 oo | 113 pi 
 1870-74 ,, 1865-69  _...| 153 | 293 | 202] (a) | (a) | (a) | (a) | (@) | @ 
 1875-79 , 1870-74 _—...| 21-9 | 21:8 | 21:8] (a) | (a) | (a) | (a) | (a) | (a) 
 1880-84 ,, 1875-79 soot 5°61 224 177 1408) 213'3| 13°83 aeeeo 18:7 1 ae 
 1885-89 ,, 1880-84 veel, 1404] 17°64) 156 P1424 222°4 | 16:3 Baas | 19°01 168 
 1890-94 ,, 1885-89 eH OSA e1S'2 a 72) 145 9-1 90.4 13°6 110% 
 1895-99 ,, 1890-94 ...| 161] 152] 1571 @ | @|@iI@/|@ i @ 
 
 (a) Comparable figures are not available for these periods. 
 
 For so jong a period of time as 100 years this annual increase is very 
 remarkable, and is not to be equalled by any other port in the world. It 
 shows above all things the natural capabilities of the Port of London. No 
 amount of artificial aid would create such results. But onthe other hand, 
 their very magnitude suggests that these natural capabilities may be 
 encroached upon insensibly, and so be gradually undermined and almost 
 destroyed. Artificial aid in the shape of adequate dockage, wharfage, &c., 
 
15 
 
 is necessary to be able to put the natural capabilities to their utmost possible 
 use, and the question therefore is, does the present system produce the utmost 
 possible use? Itis impossible to suggest asa mere matter of statistics when 
 this increase is going to stop. Ifit continues, or rather if it tends to continue, 
 then the position of the Port becomes one of the most pressing questions of 
 the day. If it decreases or remains stationary, then the question will arise 
 whether the natural volume of trade to London has been reached or whether 
 the want of development of London facilities has not hindered trade, and, 
 further, whether the nation or only the Port of London suffers from this. 
 
 To answer some of these questions it is necessary to analyse the tables 
 in various directions. I will first turn to the relative volume and growth of 
 the import and export trade—of the shipping entered and the shipping 
 cleared with cargoes. 
 
 It will be seen that while the tonnage entered from foreign countries 
 rises from 673,473 in 1799 to 9,244,593 in 1899, or nearly 14 times as 
 much, the tonnage cleared rises from 521,311 tons to 6,042,050 tons, or only 
 nearly 12 times as much, the tonnage of shipping entered being now more 
 than 50 per cent. in excess of the tonnage cleared. 
 
 The question arises whether the inconveniences of the port help towards 
 this result. All things being equal, shipping would clear from the port of 
 entry as much as possible. In 1799 it largely did so in London. It had 
 fallen back considerably in 1858, and has never recovered itself, though it is 
 noticeable that after 1867 the growth has been continuous though com- 
 paratively not very great. 
 
 Next it is noticeable that the increase in the number of ships is not con-- 
 tinuous with the increase in tonnage. ‘This, of course, is due to the substi- 
 tution of steam for sailing vessels, and the consequent increase in the size 
 of the vessels. 
 
 I put in a table (§) showing the number, tonnage and average tonnage per 
 ship in both sailing and steam vessels for all the years for which steam and 
 sailing vessels are separately given in the official returns—namely, since 
 1841. This gives a complete history of this important change, 
 
 It is difficult owmg to the different methods of reckoning adopted in 
 the official returns to make a certain comparison for the whole series of 
 
 ears. 
 As far as the figures go, they show that from 1841 to 1872 the tonnage 
 of the sailing vessels rose from an average of 142 to an average of 208. 
 On the new basis adopted in 1873 the average fell from 122 in 1873 to 71 
 in 1897. | 
 
 As regards the steam vessels, the deduction can be made with more 
 certainty. Both the number and the tonnage of these have gone steadily 
 up. In 1841, it worked out at an average of 238 ; in 1897, at an average of 
 686; in 1899 (on a basis which excludes certain of the smaller steam 
 vessels), at anaverageof 731. This figure has to be considered with reference 
 to the figure of maximum tonnage of ships which are moored in the 
 river, which has already been stated in evidence before the Commission as 
 600 tons. (Q. 15.) 
 
 I turn next from these figures relating to London only to the registered 
 shipping of the United Kingdom. I put in tables (6 and 7) giving 
 the classification from year to year of the steam and sailing vessels, accord- 
 ing to tonnage, engaged in the foreign trade, registered under the Merchant 
 Shipping Act as belonging to the ports of the United Kingdom. 
 
 This table illustrates the alteration in the character of the ships that 
 are being built in later years. It will first be seen that since 1890 the 
 number of British steamers engaged in the foreign trade has not materially 
 increased. As to the classification of the vessels, it will be seen that 
 the number of steam vessels under 1,600 tons is steadily decreasing ; 
 vessels of from 1,600 to 2,000 tons show a decrease in 1899 for the. first 
 time, whilst vessels of from 2,000 tons upwards have been steadily increas- 
 ing since 1860. In 1860 there were only five steam vessels of 2,000 tons 
 and upwards, whilst in 1899 there were 1,108 vessels. 
 
 It is further significant that the steam vessels above 4,000 tons, which 
 in 1894 numbered 19 and in 1898, 66, rose in 1899 to 98—a most significant 
 increase in the number of the largest vessels. 
 
16 
 
 As regards sailing vessels in the foreign trade, the most striking fact is 
 the gradual reduction of the number in all classes. 
 
 Having seen the great increase in the number of the larger steam 
 vessels, it will be useful to see, if possible, to which of the ports of the 
 kingdom these belong, as indicated by the port of registry. This is dealt 
 with in the next table (8). It shows the number and proportion of the 
 whole kingdom of the vessels of each class belonging to London and the 
 ports of Liverpool, Glasgow and Greenock, among which are distributed 
 the largest class of vessels. ‘Taking the vessels above 3,000 tons tonnage, 
 the figures are most significant of London’s inferiority. The figures are— 
 
 Number and proportion registered as belouging to 
 
 United 
 Kingdom. 
 Classification of tonnage. London. Liverpool. Glasgow. Greenock. 
 Number. | No. | percent. | No. | percent. | No. | percent. | No. | per cent. 
 tons. tons. 
 3,000 and under 3,500... 149 27 \> 182-4200 4994030 | 43 | 228186 5) 3°36 
 3500... 4.) 4,000.2) 077 124: 1559 925 1999-50 | 14 | Bisas Sasa s ae 
 4,000 and over ... me 101 7 6:93 | 64 | 63°40 4, 3°96 5 495 
 Total’ 2; 3 327 46 | 1407 |149 | 45°57 | 61 | 18°65 16 4°89 
 
 Of the 327 vessels above 3,000 tons it will be seen that while Liverpool 
 has 149 or 45°57 per cent. and Glasgow 61 or 18°65 per cent., London has 
 only 46 or 14:97 per cent. This classification 1s according to net tonnage. 
 
 ‘his question of the size of vessels may be further considered in view 
 of what is the position of the ships of other nationalities. 
 
 I put in a table (9) giving a list of the vessels (according to Lloyd's 
 Register) above 7,000 tons gross, showing when built, port of registry and 
 dimensions. 
 
 In the table of English vessels the first thing of importance is the large 
 number that have been built in the last three years. Of the 85 British 
 vessels in the list, the number built in each year is as follows— 
 
 Vaan Number 
 
 of vessels. 
 1881 3 
 18838 1 
 1884 2 
 1889 2 
 1891 1 
 1893 4, 
 18940... ag ae a 4 
 LBOD ihe a Te bes, 4, 
 1896 e 3) 
 1897 6 
 1898 ie 
 1899 20 
 1900 17 
 85 
 
 This shows to what extent the later development of vessels in the 
 direction of the greater size is proceeding. 
 The port of registry of these 85 vessels is as follows— 
 
 Port of registry. Number of vessels. 
 Barrow 
 Belfast 
 Glasgow 
 Greenock . 
 Liverpool ... 
 London 
 Southampton 
 West Hartlepool 
 
 | el Kok Go AT Co oy 
 
ibys 
 
 Though the port of registry does not mean that the trading of a vessel 
 is confined to, or even principally concerned with, that particular port, yet 
 taken with all other facts it cannot but be regarded as of some significance 
 that even as a port of registry, London, with its great trade, holds such an 
 inferior position in respect of the larger class of vessels, whereas in the 
 smaller vessels its position as a port of registry is undoubted, as will be 
 seen from table (8). 
 
 It will be further seen from the table that foreign countries show a 
 considerable competition in the direction of larger vessels. The number of 
 German ships over 7,000 tons gross is 34, and the number of French, 7. 
 
 I put in a further table (10) showing the classification of steam vessels 
 of all nationalities (according to Lloyd’s Reqister). 
 
 It will be seen that the number of German vessels between 7,000 and 
 10,000 gross tonnage is 15 against 63 British, and over 10,000 tons 
 19 against 22 British. Germany is thus building large vessels out of all 
 proportion to its commercial fleet, compared with what Great Britain is 
 building in connection with its enormous fleet of merchant vessels. 
 
 In view of these facts I suggest, at all events, that the incapacity of 
 Britain’s greatest port to accommodate the larger vessels may become 
 a serious factor in deciding the national position. It must be remembered 
 that the shipping of London is about one-fifth of the rest of all the ports 
 of the country put together. Accommodation at Liverpool, Glasgow and 
 other ports will not make up for want of accommodation at London. 
 It will only partly do so. If London, therefore, cannot properly accom- 
 modate the largest ships, not only its own trade but the trade of the 
 kingdom is seriously menaced. 
 
18 
 
 Position of the Trade of London. 
 
 I next turn to the position of the trade of the port asfar as an analysis 
 of the tables from a general statistical point of view can interpret the 
 facts. I think the relation which the trade of the port bears to the trade 
 of the whole kingdom is the most useful form of consideration of the subject. 
 This I have taken from various points of view, as far as the information 
 available in the official returns admits, and I put in a series of tables show- 
 ing the results (11-17). 
 
 Table 11 shows London’s proportion of the total shipping entered, 
 the actual figures for London and the rest of the United Kingdom being 
 given. Taking first shipping of the country, both foreign and coastwise, it: 
 shows that London has failed to hold its own. 
 
 London’s proportion of the totaltonnage of shipping entered has beenin— 
 
 1856 nee a ig 23°4 per cent. 
 1860 a if Sid 22°6 $3 
 1880 a a a 20°2 3 
 1897 ke : 22°8 * 
 
 When divided between foreign and coastwise shipping the figures are 
 more significant. In the same years they have been— 
 
 Foreign. Coastwise. 
 1856 as Sbllaper cent.ina.< 19:2 per cent. 
 1860 ae, DOA “A ons 18°6 as 
 1880 fi. o Daeg ys as 16°4 r 
 1897 ba ido : a 19-4 $ 
 
 so that while the coasting trade (that is smaller vessels and for produce 
 required principally for London home markets) has remained about the 
 same during these forty years, the foreign trade. has fallen 5 per cent. 
 
 Table 12 deals in the same way with the shipping cleared. It will be 
 seen that in the number of vessels cleared there is an increase in London’s 
 proportion from 7:3 per cent. in 1856 to 9:4 per cent. in 1897, while in the 
 tonnage there has been an increase from 10:1 to 11°6 per cent. 
 
 An analysis of these figures, however, reveals an important fact, viz., 
 that this increase in the total is entirely due to the coasting trade. 
 
 The coasting trade of London has increased in number of vessels from 5°8 
 per cent. to 8°5 per cent. and in tonnage from 6°4 per cent. to 7°4 per cent., 
 but in the foreign trade there is a decrease in the proportion, viz. :—in the 
 number of vessels from 12°6 per cent. to 12°3 per cent., and in tonnage from 
 15°9 to 14°9 per cent. 
 
 The two next tables (18 and 14) take the consideration of the 
 question of decrease in London’s proportion of the foreign shipping of the 
 country a step further. Table 13 shows London’s proportion of the shipping 
 entered from each of the chief foreign countries and British possessions in 
 1861, 1871, 1881, 1891 and 1899. 
 
 As regards the tonnage of shipping from foreign countries it will be seen 
 that the proportion is a steadily decreasing one from 20°7 per cent. in 1861 
 to 16:2 in 1899. 
 
 Examining into these figures further by dividing the countries into 
 groups, the result is perhaps more significant. The groups and the 
 corresponding figures are as follows— 
 
 Shipping entered from foreign countries 
 and British possessions. 
 
 Groups. London’s proportion of the total of the 
 United Kingdom. 
 
 1861. | 1g71. | 1881. | 1891. | 1899. 
 
 Per cent. | Per cent.| Per cent.| Per cent.|.Per cent. 
 North Europe ... at oi aa oe Beet 19-0 18:2 17:2 14-7 
 South Europe ... nee ay Ae fa Magee | 16:8 12°8 15°6 10:1 
 Toletucape ete ee | igs | 173 | 169 | 139 
 Asia 74:9 844 62°7 78:0 89-4 
 
 America se bes ar oth a 
 Foreign possessions sis wi rf a5 | sie" 20:0 12:2 14:2 15°8 
 British possessions : 
 
 | 
 
 | 
 
 Total foreign countries and eee 
 possessions ays Bee 
 
Lg 
 
 It will be seen from this to what extent London is losing its share of 
 the import trade from the Continent, that is to a large extent in materials 
 for manufacture and of export to the rest of the world. 
 
 There is an increase in the shipping from British possessions in the 
 course of the same period; trade, that is, for the most part required by the 
 population of the United Kingdom. 
 
 The total result, however, is a steady decreasing figure for London’s 
 proportion from 24 per cent. in 1861 to 19°3 per cent. in 1899. 
 
 Considering the table (14) of London’s proportion of the shipping cleared 
 to foreign countries and British possessions in the same way, it will be seen 
 that as regards foreign countries the figure for London’s proportion is also 
 a decreasing figure from 15°9 per cent. in 1861 to 13°4 per cent. in 1899, 
 the figure for 1899 being, however, slightly higher than the figure for 1891. 
 
 Dividing the foreign countries into the same groups as in the case of 
 the shipping entered, the result is as follows— 
 
 Shipping cleared to foreign countries and 
 British possessions. 
 
 Groups. London’s proportion of the total of the 
 United Kingdom. 
 
 1861. 1871. | 1881. | 1891. | 1899. 
 
 .\Per cent.|Per cent.|Per cent.|Per cent. 
 
 North Europe ... - - ay ” L7°7 15:3 16°6 15°5 
 South Europe ... i he’ ys Us 74: 63 BM) d1 
 Total Europe ... a Bb vases ; 16:0 13°5 142 13:3. 
 Asia it 31°9 
 America 13-1 13°9 
 Foreign possessions 44, 15°5 
 British possessions 26°3 22°4 
 Total foreign countries and ata 152 145 
 possessions 
 
 London’s proportion of the shipping cleared to the Continent shows a 
 steady decrease from 1773 per cent. in 1861 to 13°3 in 1899, and is 
 principally responsible for the decrease in London’s proportion of the total 
 shipping cleared to foreign countries. 
 
 London’s proportion of the shipping cleared to British possessions does 
 not follow the same course as the proportion of shipping entered. From 
 1861 to 1881 the figure increased from 25°7 per cent. to 27°3 per cent. ; 
 in 1891 it had fallen to 26°3 per cent., and in 1899 to only 22°4 per cent. 
 
 The figure for London’s proportion of the total shipping cleared to 
 foreign countries and British possessions is a steadily decreasing figure, 
 from 18:1 per cent. in 1861 to 14°5 per cent. in 1899. 
 
 Turning next to London’s proportion of the trade as indicated by 
 value, the relative position of London is perhaps more decidedly illustrated 
 (tables 15 and 16). The tendency to decrease in the value of imports (for 
 the shorter period for which the information is available) is undoubted. 
 London’s proportion, which, in 1872, was 35 per cent., and in 1886 had 
 risen to 36°6 per cent., was, for the last four years for the first time less 
 than 34 per cent. 
 
 It is, however, in the table of proportion of value of exports that the 
 most significant decrease is shown. London’s proportion of the export of 
 both home and foreign produce has materially declined since 1882 (the first 
 year for which the information is available) from 32:1 to 26°7 per cent., 
 while London’s proportion of foreign and colonial export trade in the same 
 period has fallen from 61:2 per cent. to 53:0 per cent., the decrease 
 being especially marked in the last five years as follows— 
 
 tte ae a os 59°8 
 EOUD 2. Fe a cad 58°6 
 BIO. 5 « rae i+ aa 56°7 
 ed 1... ty ee te 54°7 
 OO) s. athe rh BS 53°7 
 
 oOo x. aS ee sis 53°90 
 
20 
 
 Thus the conclusions which have been drawn from the figures as to 
 London’s relative proportion of the shipping are confirmed by these figures as 
 to values. In these figures the question of alteration in values does not of 
 course affect the figures, because we are dealing with proportions only. 
 
 A further section of the trade not included in either of the foregoing 
 tables is that known as the transhipment trade. This is apart from the 
 export of foreign and colonial merchandise which has been dealt with in 
 the last table and which has shown such a marked decrease in London’s 
 proportion. 
 
 The figures for the transhipment trade are shown in five Tables, 17 A, 
 B, ©, D, E. 
 
 These tables require some explanation as to the division into two 
 sections, namely, “imported for transhipment,” and “exported for tran- 
 shipment,” it being of course understood that the total “imported” and 
 “ exported”’ so far as the whole kingdom is concerned must always be the 
 same. The difference between these figures for London and the rest of the 
 kingdom arises from the fact that these goods are sometimes imported at: 
 one port, say Southampton, and exported at another, say London. The 
 difference in the percentages indicate to what extent this is done as far as 
 London is concerned. 
 
 Table 174 deals with the transhipment of wines and spirits. London’s 
 proportion it will be seen has gone down from 90:3 per cent. in 1853 to 
 38°5 per cent. in 1899, and though there has been a recovery in particular 
 years the total result is a certain tendency downwards. 
 
 Table 178 deals with the transhipment of tea, and in this article 
 London holds its own, the rest of the country taking only about 5 per cent. 
 
 Table 1%c deals with the transhipment of tobaccos and cigars, and the 
 falling off in London’s position is here most marked. From 91:8 per cent. 
 in 1853 it has fallen to 35°6 per cent. i 1898 and to 17°6 per cent. in 1899. 
 
 Table 17D gives the value of all other articles recorded in the official 
 returns as being transhipped, and here it will be seen that though London’s 
 position was bettered from 1871 to 1886, namely from 24°9 per cent. to 
 47°3 per cent., it has since fallen off to 27:2 per cent. in 1899, the lowest 
 proportion of all since 1886. 
 
 The total value of the transhipment trade is only given for the years 
 1896, 1897, 1898, and 1899, as set out in Table 178, and it will be seen that 
 in the year 1899, London has very much fallen off. 
 
 As the trade of London has thus been shown to be decreasing in pro- 
 portion to the trade of the United Kingdom it is of importance to note what 
 ports have been increasing during the same period. 
 
 I put in a table (18) showing the proportion which the shipping of 
 certain ports of the kingdom bears to the shipping of the whole kingdom for 
 the same period as far as the information is available. 
 
 From these tables it will be seen that the channel ports of Southampton, 
 Dover, Newhaven and Harwich have secured a very considerable proportion 
 of the kingdom’s shipping for the last 30 years. It is almost certain that 
 this has been, to a great extent, at-the expense of London, and that the 
 enterprise and expenditure on the docks of these places has enabled them 
 to take away trade which, had the Port of London been brought up to its 
 proper accommodation, would have come to London. This is not, however, 
 the whole of this important matter.’ It 1s well known that these ports have 
 all been equipped by the railway companies, and in this respect it is 
 necessary to bear in mind the conclusion of the Joint Select Committee of 
 1872 on Railway Companies’ Amalgamation, which dealt with this important 
 subject— 
 
 “It is possible . . . that a railway company, by acquiring 
 both a port and the railways leading to it, may obtain control over the 
 whole of a certain description of traffic by sea as well as by land. It 
 is possible, for instance, that if a great amalgamation were to take 
 place between the North Eastern, the Great Northern and the Midland, 
 the united company might obtain possession of the Tyne, the Wear and 
 the Tees, as the North Hastern have of Hartlepool, and in that case 
 they could, and probably would, discourage the carriage of coals by 
 sea to London and other ports in England. There is, therefore, a 
 danger in this respect which well deserves the attention of Parliament 
 
21 
 
 and cannot be considered sufficiently guarded against by the Standing 
 
 Order (151) of the House of Commons, which provides that no railway 
 
 company shall acquire any harbour, steam vessel, &c., unless the com- 
 
 mittee on the bill report that such restriction ought not to be enforced, 
 
 with the reasons and facts upon which their opinion is founded ” (p. xix.). 
 
 “There is real and effective competition between railways and the 
 traffic by sea, especially in the carriage of heavy goods, and this com- 
 petition is likely to continue, unless Parliament should give public 
 harbours into the hands of the railway companies ” (p. xxix.). 
 
 “ Hiffectual competition by sea exists, and ought to be guarded, by 
 preventing railway companies from obtaining control over public 
 harbours ”’ (p. 1.). 
 
 Therefore it comes to this: that the railway companies of the south 
 and east of England have been allowed to do in these channel ports what 
 has not been accomplished for London owing to the want of properly con- 
 stituted authority having control of the matter. 
 
 It is quite true that the rise of these ports, if itis to some extent 
 a loss to London, is not necessarily a loss to the kingdom. But there 
 are important economical considerations which should be taken count of. 
 The addition of the railway rates to the cost of shipment may affect the 
 price of commodities compared with the price if they had been landed directly 
 in the Port of London, which is the natural port for these commodities. Here 
 is evidence, I think, of the way in which the natural advantages of London 
 have been eaten into by the neglect of development in artificial dockage, &c. 
 (see above pp. 11-12). Even this is not all, for the railway companies in order 
 to attract trade to these ports, and therefore to their lines for carriage to its 
 destination, have neglected the carriage of the home produce as witnessed by 
 the voluminous evidence given before the Agricultural Commission 
 particularly by the farmers of Kent. I am aware this touches upon a branch 
 of economics not free from difficulties, but it is a matter not to be over- 
 looked by this commission. 
 
 The suggestion that the Port of London uses these channel ports as 
 feeders overlooks the fact that the money which has been spent there and 
 which must earn its dividends out of the charges imposed upon the goods 
 shipped to these ports might have been spent upon the Port of London to 
 the better advantage of the community. While London has been hesitating 
 about connecting Tilbury more directly with London and improving the 
 dock system to the required extent, the necessities of the port have been 
 met by railway companies creating extra docks at distances ranging from 50 
 to 80 miles of London. If London docks had been in the hands of 
 the railway companies they would not have built the channel docks. 
 
 It will therefore be seen that other ports have succeeded in obtaining 
 large percentages of the shipping of the kingdom, and it is also a fact 
 that at almost all these ports the dock accommodation and conveniences 
 have been almost created and at all events very considerably extended 
 during the past 20 or 30 years. 
 
 The question of population in regard to trade is more important in the 
 case of London than in other places. The enormous development of London 
 as a population centre is quite abnormal 
 
 I put in a table (19) showing London’s proportion of the population of the 
 United Kingdom (including, with London, the area immediately round 
 London under the jurisdiction of the Commissioners of Metropolitan Police). 
 
 It will be seen in 1801 London’s proportion was 7 per cent., in 1856 
 it had risen to 103 per cent., in 1886 to over 14 per cent., while in 1696 we 
 find it is more than 15} percent. of the population of the whole kingdom. 
 This enormous population needs larger imports than any other aggregate of 
 population in the world. It compels a large amount of imports to come to 
 London, whatever may be the difficulties of that trade arising from lack of 
 accommodation. When this fact is considered in connection with the 
 growth of the import shipping, that growth, so far as it depends upon dock 
 facilities, will be found not to have been so considerable as it appears. 
 
 This increase in proportion of population has to be borne in mind in 
 considering the position of the trade of London and the proportion which 
 it bears to the trade of the whole country. The proportion of population is 
 now more than half as much again what the proportion was in 1856, while 
 the preceding tables show that as regards trade the proportion is in nearly 
 all respects less, and in some cases considerably so. 
 
22 
 
 Expenditure and Revenue. 
 
 It is very important to get from the various authorities a statement of 
 the condition of their finances in connection with the Port of London at the 
 present moment. 
 
 The revenue accounts of all the authorities having control over the 
 Port and Docks of London are not available. Those I have been able to 
 analyse are the dock companies, Trinity House (as regards pilotage), Thames 
 Conservancy, and the City of London Corporation (as Port Sanitary 
 Authority), and I put in table showing the results (Tables 20 A—K). Beyond 
 these there are various administrative expenses in the departments which 
 have contro] in the Thames, and in connection with docks held by railway 
 companies, the wharfingers, barge-owners, and other charging authorities 
 which cannot be particularised. ‘The Board of Trade and other Government 
 departments do not specify the expenditure under administrative heads, 
 but only in general totals, from which it is impossible to determine what 
 expenditure relating to the Port of London is incurred by these bodies, or 
 how such expenditure is met. 
 
 The total expenditure upon the docks and Port of London (maintenance 
 works and services) reached, according to the available data, in the year 
 1899, the very considerable total of £1,888,875. It is obvious that this 
 total must be increased by the expenditure of other bodies which I have 
 not been able to ascertain, but it is not possible with present information 
 to give even an approximate estimate of the remaining expenditure. 
 
 The ascertained total expenditure in 1899 was incurred by the 
 following authorities and bodies— 
 
 £ 
 Dock companies ... ig ei i, is ... 1,644,999 
 Trinity House and Pilotage _... oe = . 145,716 
 Thames Conservancy Board... o & ay, 90,768 
 Port Sanitary Authority 7,392 
 
 The purposes of this expenditure are not ascertainable to the extent 
 which is necessary for a complete survey of the subject, as the accounts of 
 the dock companies and of other bodies are not drawn up with this purpose 
 in view. With the information available, the expenditure on works and 
 services may be divided in the following manner— 
 
 £ 
 
 Dock, warehouse and service expenses ‘& wan 1,236,068 
 General expenses of the dock companies (manage- 
 
 ment, rents, rates, taxes, &c.) ee, a oe 4.08,936 
 Pilotage ... fs tod ie she = 5 143,526 
 Pilot cutters 4 ine Ae ae a a 2,390 
 Locks, weirs, tow-paths, and foreshore a is 6,798 
 Piers ny - ig vel Sat = ae 10,599 
 Dredging... ee ue oh e 3 z ve 27,238 
 Mooring ... x. an ae sae - ve 5,926 
 Wreckage a es ae ae a oes ok 
 Harbour expenses sch re ne ‘- bie 7,605 
 River purification if: oe 1E a 2,113 
 General expenses of Thames Conservancy (manage- 
 
 ment and working) ... we. pct - ie 22,226 
 Port sanitary expenses ... ce: ie Z 34 7,392 
 
 £1,888,875 
 
 As to how far this expenditure is properly divided among the several 
 branches of service it is not possible to speak with certainty, but it is 
 abundantly clear that it does not meet all the requirements of the port. 
 The Thames Conservancy has many times before Parliament, and before 
 this Commission, explained that its expenditure is not controlled by the 
 necessities of the services it administers, but by the amount of yearly 
 revenue it receives, and I am not sure that the services administered by the 
 Trinity House Corporation are not similarly controlled. 
 
23 
 
 The total revenue of the limited number of authorities for which 
 information is obtainable was in the year 1899, as follows— 
 
 £ 
 Dock Companies... a. aa nde sae eG Al Ealiy- 
 Trinity House and Pilotage “at a a ni 146,096 
 Thames Conservancy... ae Lee he ed 100,568 
 Port Sanitary Authority oh ae an Pr. 351 
 
 £2.,558,317 
 
 This revenue has nearly all been raised by means of charges upon 
 shipping and goods—charges which of course ultimately fall upon the 
 consumers of goods. The significance of this fact cannot be exaggerated, 
 as upon it depends to a great extent the prosperity of the port. 
 
 In the first place, the sum of £793,562 is levied as tonnage dues and 
 other charges upon shipping entering the port and docks. 
 
 £ 
 Thames Conservancy ... BY Ac ae hy 55,729 
 Dock Companies rhe ba i Ps w- (a) 591,930 
 Pilotage ... Sy oa! of cas ae sie ov 145,908 
 
 £793,562 
 
 Secondly, there are the charges on goods made by the dock companies 
 for landing, warehousing, &c., which amounted to £1,578,949, and there is 
 also a small amount charged on shipping by the Port Sanitary Authority 
 for disinfection, &c., amounting to £89. 
 
 Putting all the figures for 1899 together, it appears that the following 
 is the total amount of the charges upon shipping and goods in the port of 
 London which ultimately fall upon the consumer as taxation of the goods 
 brought to the port. 
 
 £ 
 Dock Companies me ee +e ae en 2.170.879 
 Pilotage ... rer 4. ree ae e 145,903 
 Thames Conservancy ac Pe ee ~~ iy 55,729 
 Port Sanitary Authority ee ae Ee aes 89 
 
 £2,.372,600 
 
 These charges are in excess of the expenditure on works and services 
 by £483,725, which is the amount reserved for payment of interest on 
 capital. 
 
 Interest on capital was paid to the following extent— 
 
 £ 
 Dock Companies ... ey ke oe Be aye O40, 7,7 (F 
 Thames Conservancy a ie Be? San 3,000 
 £651,770 
 
 (a) This is partly estimated, as the Millwall Dock Company do not separate the charges on 
 shipping from those on goods. 
 
24 
 
 Besides the charges on goods and shipping there was revenue derived 
 from other sources, as follows— 
 
 £ 
 Charges by dock companies for various services, and 
 rents rae oe ae aa a. oe 140,423 
 Various charges and other revenue of Thames Con- 
 servancy not affecting shipping ... ee 0 44,839 
 Interest on investments by Trinity House ... 35 193 
 Charges, fees, &c, of the Port Sanitary Authority ... 262 
 £185,177 
 
 If we take the total value of the goods entering the port in the year 
 1899 (£164,105,695), this taxation and charge represents 1:45 per cent. 
 upon the value—a not inconsiderable tax. But when it is considered that 
 the charges fall upon different classes of goods at different ratios, the 
 position may be very serious. ‘Tonnage dues are paid upon the registered 
 tonnage of the ships whatever may be the cargo. Thus valuable cargoes 
 escape with a light tax, while cargoes of great bulk and less value may be 
 considerably burdened. Moreover, the dock charges included in this total 
 fall upon less than one-half of the total tonnage entering the port, the 
 remaining portion having to incur charges of lighterage, &c., the total of 
 which is not obtainable. 
 
 Further examination of the system of charge of the dock companies for 
 services leads me to suppose that it is not altogether in proportion to the 
 services rendered, but is calculated to some extent ad valorem. I putin Tables 
 21 and 22 to illustrate this point. ‘To the extent that this system operates, 
 the dock companies are imposing taxation upon goods entering the port. 
 
 Altogether I hold it to be extremely dangerous to place this power of 
 taxation in the hands of private companies and non-representative bodies. 
 There is no elasticity in the system and no capacity to meet changing 
 circumstances. What were perfectly good rates of charge when the com- 
 panies obtained their parliamentary scales may not be so now, and the 
 system of allowing favourable terms to certain traders has inevitably grown 
 up. ‘This means that the companies must look to new sources of revenue, 
 and their proposal last year to tax hghters was made without any examination 
 of the effect this may have on the trade of the port. In the case of the 
 Conservancy it means that expenditure on works must be limited to the 
 amount derived from taxation. 
 
 In contradistinction to the practice prevailing in the Port of London 
 must be considered that prevailing in some ports of Britain and in most 
 foreign ports, namely, that expenditure upon the upkeep of the port is 
 looked upon as a public service which must be maintained at the necessary 
 level, even if the cost is not entirely met out of taxation and charges upon 
 shipping. In England, Bristol is a specially noticeable case. The docks 
 were long controlled by the corporation, but its rights were sold to joint 
 stock companies, who so injured the trade of the port that the corporation 
 had to buy them out. This involved the levying of a municipal rate in 
 addition to the dock charges for the purpose of maintaining and improving 
 the port, and a harbour rate of from £10,000 to £20,000 a year has been 
 levied. 
 
 In the case of Manchester the Corporation was financially associated 
 with the Ship Canal Company in raising money for the construction of the 
 Manchester Ship Canal, the Corporation having advanced £5,000,000 to 
 the company, this money being raised on the security of the City funds 
 and rates. This loan involves a heavy charge on the rates at present, the 
 amount transferred from the City fund in the year 1899-1900 to meet the 
 charges for interest and sinking fund not met by the instalment of interest 
 received from the Canal Company being £160,163. 
 
 At Hamburg, Amsterdam, Rotterdam, and Antwerp much of the 
 recent extension of the port accommodation is met out of municipal rates 
 or imperial funds, and I have already pointed out that at the beginning of 
 the century the Government advanced considerable sums (without interest) 
 for the improvement of the Port of London. 
 
 Another point to be considered is the expense of the present multiplied 
 management of the port. The figures are as follows— 
 
25 
 
 ee eS  ———EEEEEEEEEEEeE 
 
 Salaries and management expenses in 1899. 
 
 Other manage- 
 
 ment expenses 
 
 (office expenses, Total. 
 stamps, stationery 
 
 and incidentals). 
 
 Directors’ fees, 
 
 Salaries. Superennuation. ‘ 
 
 London and India Docks— £ £& £& £ £& 
 Joint Committtee a me. 122,442 38,053 _ 3,600 8,807 172,902 
 London and St. Katharine Com- 968 4,319 Crothen”) 3,633 8,920 
 
 pany : (included in 
 East and West India Company 3,885 3,041 salaries”) 858 8,284. 
 127,295 45,913 3,600 13,298 190,106 
 Millwall Docks ae a ee. 8,231 —— 1,900 2,909 13,040 
 Surrey Commercial Docks ... es 34,341 (Apparently| included under “sjalaries”’) 34,341 
 (‘management and 
 salaries ’’) 
 Total docks e..| 169,867 45,913 5,500 237,487 
 Thames Conservancy (lower naviga- 8,789 2,642 2,400 18,374 
 tion) (allowance to 
 conservators). 
 Port Sanitary Authority ... ae 2,621 113 150 3,658. 
 (allowance to sani- 
 tary committee). 
 Total af a a 181,277 48,668 8,050 259,519 
 Trinity House (common to London 2,361 416 — 3,120 
 and outports) 
 Total oe oat ee, 183,638 49,084 262,639 
 
 I next turn to questions relating to capital expenditure and require- 
 ments. It would appear from the figures that the principal dock 
 companies are not in a position to provide more money for capital purposes 
 unless they have new sources of revenue. Some of the capital which is 
 now employed has been spent upon purposes which are no longer produc- 
 tive and for various financial operations in connection with the amalgama- 
 tion of the companies, which cannot be said to benefit the Port. 
 
 There is undoubtedly a large amount of capital lost in carrying out 
 the many improvements and alterations of the dock premises from time to 
 time. Of the amount of this it is not possible, with the information 
 available, to give an accurate estimate. JI have examined the subject in 
 detail, as far as it is shown by the powers, as to works given to the 
 companies in their various Acts, and there is in these alone some evidence 
 of duplication of expenditure. 
 
 In connection with the financial operations which have taken place from 
 time to time, I have estimated that about £1,700,000, now included in the 
 nominal amount raised by the dock companies, has never been employed for 
 direct capital services in the docks and Port of London; and I venture to 
 think this fact: should be considered in estimating the claims of the companies 
 to have paid for capital charges out of revenue. 
 
 There is no sinking fund for the companies’ capital as there is in all 
 municipal capital, and the dead capital goes on year after year sharing 
 in the dividends, and thus sapping the vital energies of the undertaking. 
 If all the bond fide dead capital were surrendered and employed for the 
 purpose of improvement, it can be understood that a great deal could be 
 done for the improvement of the port, but so long as the administration 
 remains in the present hands such a step is not possible. 
 
 These are a few considerations which I submit should be borne in mind 
 in considering the financial position of the dock companies. 
 
 This consideration of the finances of the port shows (1) that private 
 authorities, like the dock companies, and non-representative bodies, like the 
 Thames Conservancy and ‘Trinity House, have powers of taxation of 
 
26 
 
 shipping and goods, which may affect the interests of commerce from the 
 national pomt ‘of view as well as from the local point of view; (2) that the 
 necessary limitations which Parliament has imposed upon the revenue to be 
 levied by these authorities has resulted in such revenue not being found 
 sufficient to meet all the requirements of the port; (3) that capital require- 
 ments of the near future are not likely to be met by the existing bodies. 
 This is in such marked contrast with the policy which is adopted in 
 some of the principal ports abroad as to be of considerable importance. 
 
27 
 
 Government of the Port of London. 
 
 It is necessary first to consider what is meant by the Port of London. 
 The extent of the port for the various purposes appears to be as follows— 
 
 Tidal limits —The limit of the tidal action in the port is Teddington- 
 lock, 19 miles above London-bridge. é 
 
 The areas for the administration of the government and public services 
 of the port may be shortly set out as follows— 
 
 Seaward limit. 
 
 1. The Customs Port. [From Teddington Lock to] an imaginary straight line drawn 
 The Port Sanitary Port. from the pilot mark at the entrance of Havengore-creek in Essex 
 The Thames Conservancy to the land’s end at Warden Point in Sheppey, Kent, and including 
 
 Port—for port dues. part of the estuary of the Medway. 
 
 [As appointed for customs purposes by Treasury Minute of 
 1st August, 1883, under the authority of the Customs Consolidation Act, 
 1876; the Port Sanitary port to be the same area, as enacted by sec. ili. of 
 the Public Health (London) Act, 1891, and the Thames Conservancy 
 port for port dues to be the same area, as enacted by sec. 3 and sec. 155 
 of the Thames Conservancy Act, 1894. 
 
 The Port Sanitary port is always to have the same limits as the 
 Customs port. The Thames Conservancy for port dues is also to have 
 the same area as the Customs port, within the limits mentioned in the 
 second schedule to the Thames Conservancy Act, 1894. These limits 
 are now considerably beyond the actual limits of the Customs port. | 
 
 2. The Thames Conservancy An imaginary line drawn from the entrance to Yantlet-creek 
 —for general purposes. in Kent to the City Stone in Hssex (and so much of the river Lea 
 and Bow-creek respectively as are below the south boundary 
 stones mentioned in the Lee Conservancy Act, 1868). 
 [As defined by the Thames Conservancy Act, 1894, s. 3.] 
 
 3. The Thames Conservancy A straight line drawn from Shoeburyness water tower in Hssex 
 —for dredging and to Hastchurch Church in Kent (outside the jurisdiction of the 
 ballasting. Conservators of the Medway). 
 
 [As defined by the Thames Conservancy Act, 1894, s. 3 (1).] 
 
 4, The Thames Conser- The same as Thames Conservancy for general purposes, but 
 vancy—for pollution. including the whole of the tributaries down to the western 
 boundary of the County of London, and three miles from the 
 Thames of all tributaries eastward of the western boundary of the 
 County of London, except the Lea, where the limit is the south 
 boundary stones mentioned in the Lea Conservancy Act, 1868. 
 [As defined by the Thames Conservancy Act, 1894, s. 90.] 
 For the duty of preserving the flow and purity of the water of the 
 river and carrying out the necessary scavenging, the eastern limit of the 
 Thames Conservancy is the western boundary of the County of London. 
 [As defined by the Thames Conservancy Act, 1894, s. 91.] 
 
 5. The Trinity House—for For licensing pilots the limits of the London district are from 
 pilotage. London-bridge and Rochester-bridge respectively to Orfordness to 
 the north and Dungeness to the south. {The Trinity House shall 
 
 not license a pilot to conduct ships both above and below 
 Gravesend ]. 
 
 [As defined by the Merchant Shipping Act, 1894, s. 618}. 
 
 6. The Trinity House—for The Trinity House has (subject to the rights of local lhght- 
 lighting and buoying. house and buoy authorities) the superintendence and management 
 of all lighthouses and buoys throughout Hngland and Wales, the 
 Channel Islands and Gibraltar. 
 | According to the Merchant Shipping Act, 1894, s. 634. 
 
 7. Watermen’s and Lighter- [From Teddington Lock to] Lower Hope-point near Graves- 
 men’s Company. end in Kent, and all docks, canals, creeks and harbours of the 
 Thames, so far as the tide flows. 
 
 {As defined by the Thames Watermen’s and Lightermen’s Act, 
 1893, s. 3.] 
 
28 
 
 It will be seen that the areas of several authorities differ considerably, 
 and that for most of the chief public services—lghting, buoying, pilotage, 
 dredging, pollution—the area of administration is a differmg one. The 
 area of administration of the Thames Conservancy has, for instance, several 
 limits according to the service performed. 
 
 The government of the port and the administration of the services are 
 made difficult of consideration through being in the hands of so many 
 authorities administering similar or differing services over conterminous or 
 differing areas. 
 
 The chief authorities are— 
 
 The Thames Conservancy, for the conservancy of the whole of the 
 Thames, including the port, the area of its jurisdiction in the port differing 
 in limits for various purposes. 
 
 The Trinity House of Deptford Strond for pilotage, lighting and 
 buoying from London Bridge seawards. 
 
 The City Corporation for port sanitary purposes from Teddington-lock 
 seawards. 
 
 The Watermen’s and Lightermen’s Company from Teddington-lock to 
 Gravesend. 
 
 In addition to these there are many other authorities with statutory 
 powers which have to be taken into account, such as the dock companies 
 and other companies having statutory powers in the port, and the several 
 local authorities. 
 
 In Table 23 I deal with the government and administration of the 
 port from the point of view of the various duties and services. 
 
 The heads of government and service are as follows— 
 
 Regulation of navigation. 
 Removal and prevention of obstructions. 
 Port sanitary. 
 
 Prevention of pollution. 
 Police. 
 
 Levy of dues on shipping. 
 Lighting. 
 
 Buoying. 
 
 Beacons. 
 
 Pilotage. 
 
 Moorings. 
 
 Dredging. 
 
 Ballasting. 
 
 Landing accommodation. 
 
 In respect of each of these heads I have set out in the table the 
 authorities administering the duty or service, and the enactment regulating 
 such administration. 
 
29 
 System of Government of the other Ports of the United Kingdom. 
 
 In connection with the above evidence as to the present administration 
 of the port, the constitution of other port authorities in the Kingdom will 
 be useful. 
 
 In Table 24 I set out the authority as created by Parliament in 113 
 of the ports of the United Kingdom, the Act creating such constitution 
 being stated in each case. These are the constituted port authorities with- 
 out reference to the duties they may perform or the extent to which the 
 services of the port are in their hands. 
 
 The authorities may be divided into five groups; (1) municipal; 
 (2) municipal in part; (8) public (non-municipal); (4) private owners; 
 (5) special. 
 
 1. Municipal—There are 22 ports where the municipal authority has 
 complete control as follows (see Table 24)— 
 
 Aberdeen Campbeltown Lynn 
 Aberystwith Cardigan Penzance 
 Arbroath Chester Preston 
 Barnstaple Colchester Stranraer 
 Beaumaris Drogheda Weymouth 
 Boston Exeter Wigtown 
 Bridgwater Galway Wisbeach 
 Bristol 
 
 Of these 17 are governed by the corporations or town councils ; 4 by the 
 municipal authority acting as harbour commissioners or trustees, and 1 by 
 the municipal authority acting as a conservancy board. 
 
 Bristol is a specially noticeable case. It was long controlled by 
 the corporation, but the dock rights were sold to joint stock companies, who so 
 injured the trade of the port that the Corporation bought them out. 
 
 This involved the levying of a municipal rate in addition to the dock 
 charges for the purpose of maintaining and improving the port, anda 
 harbour rate. of from £10,000 to £20,000 a year has been levied. 
 
 2. Municipal im part—This group consists of 67 ports (see Table 24). 
 The municipal authority shares its control in some cases with public, in 
 others with private, and in other cases with both public and private 
 
 authorities. They are as follows— 
 
 Alloa Harwich Poole 
 Ayr Hull Portsmouth 
 Banff Inverness Rochester 
 Belfast Ipswich Scarborough 
 Berwick-on-T'weed Irvine Shields, North and 
 Blyth Kirkcaldy South 
 Carnarvon Kirkwall Shoreham 
 Coleraine Lancaster Skibbereen 
 Cork Leith Sligo 
 Cowes, Isle of Wight Lerwick Southampton 
 Dartmouth Limerick Stockton-on-Tees 
 
 . Dover Littlehampton Stornoway 
 Dublin Llanelly Sunderland 
 Dumfries Londonderry Swansea 
 Dundalk Maryport Tralee 
 Dundee Middlesbrough Waterford 
 Falmouth Montrose Westport 
 Faversham Newcastle-on-Tyne Wexford 
 Fowey Newport Whitby 
 Fraserburgh Padstow Whitehaven 
 Glasgow Peterhead Wick 
 Gloucester Plymouth (Catte- Yarmouth 
 Greenock water) 
 Hartlepool 
 
 Of these, 33 are governed by Harbour Commissioners ; 13 by Harbour 
 Trustees ; 7 by Conservancy or River Commissioners; 1 by the Board of 
 Trade and a Harbour Board; 1 by the Admiralty and Corporation ; and 
 
30 
 
 the remainder by sundry bodies of Commissioners, &c., in all of which the 
 Corporation or the ratepayers are represented. 
 
 The most important ports in the United Kingdom, with the exception 
 of Cardiff and Liverpool, are to be found in this group, and are under the 
 control of authorities partly municipal and partly representative of public 
 and private interests or both. 
 
 At Hull the corporation had a recognised statutory right of acquiring 
 for a public trust, to be defined by Parlament, the property of the Old Hull 
 Dock Company. It invested instead £100,000 in the Hull and Barnsley 
 Railway Company’s dock, when the Hull Dock Company was empowered by 
 Parliament to require the Corporation to exercise its right of purchase 
 within two years, or lose it for ever. The right was allowed to lapse. 
 
 Glasgow was originally in the hands of the magistrates and the City 
 Council, but 1s now managed by a harbour trust. 
 
 With reference to the Tyne Ports the corporation had been the 
 conservators from time immemorial, but was replaced by Commissioners 
 in 1850. 
 
 The Tees, Wear and Tay Ports and Belfast are similar cases to the 
 Tyne Ports. 
 
 3. Public authority (non-munictpal)—Under this heading are included 
 those ports where neither the municipal body nor the ratepayer has any 
 share in the government of the port, but at the same time the-authority 
 contrels the port for public purposes and not for commercial profit. They 
 are as follows (see Table 24)— 
 
 Channel Islands— Liverpool. 
 Alderney. Ramsgate. 
 Guernsey. Runcorn. 
 Jersey. Teignmouth. 
 
 Two of these are under the control of the Board of Trade, two of the 
 local government of the island they are situated upon, and the remainder of 
 harbour commissioners, &c., representing the various interests in the port. 
 
 In Liverpool the corporation formerly administered this port, but have 
 given way to the Mersey Docks and Harbour Board. 
 
 4. Private owners.—This group consists of 16 ports, which are con- 
 trolled by companies or individual owners. ‘They are as follows— 
 
 Ardrossan Grangemouth Newhaven 
 Barrow | Granton Newry 
 Cardiff Grimsby Scilly 
 Carlisle Lowestoft Troon 
 Fleetwood Milford— 
 
 Folkestone Milford Haven 
 
 Goole New Milford 
 
 Of these, six are under the control of railway companies, two of harbour 
 companies, three of private owners, two of dock companies, one of a canal 
 and a railway company jointly, and two of canal and navigation companies. 
 
 At Cardiff there has been a movement in favour of the corporation 
 acquiring the entire property in the Bute Docks. In 1892 a modified 
 form of this proposal was suggested to the effect that corporate influence 
 over and part ownership of the docks should be acquired by the corporation 
 investing money for their extension. 
 
 5. Special—In the case of Manchester the corporation are at present 
 represented on the company to the extent of 11 members out of a total of 
 21, but this representation is subject to reduction as the corporation loan is 
 paid off (see Table 24). Under the powers of the Manchester Ship Canal 
 Acts, the Corporation has lent to the Ship Canal Company £5,000,000, 
 resulting at present in.a considerable charge on the rates, a policy 
 deliberately considered in the interests of the city as a whole. 
 
31 
 
 Foreign Ports. 
 
 I have reserved for the last a few points in connection with the foreign 
 ports which bear upon the previous evidence. ‘The consular reports issued 
 annually from the foreign office have for the past seven or eight years been 
 continually reminding the country of the great attention which was being 
 paid to the development of certain ports, and particularly with reference to 
 Hamburg, Rotterdam, Amsterdam, Antwerp and Havre. I have at hand 
 such of the reports as bear upon this question, and if the Commission desires 
 I could prepare a memorandum giving such points as are pertinent. 
 
 Without at the present dealing with these reports I am able to place 
 before the Commission certain facts which I have investigated myself. 
 
 The Rivers Committee of the Council deemed this subject of sufficient 
 importance for me to visit certain of the foreign ports for the purposes of 
 this evidence, and during last summer I went to Hamburg, Amsterdam, 
 Rotterdam and Antwerp. 
 
 In the evidence relating to London, already placed before the Com- 
 mission, I have ventured to suggest that the statistics relating to shipping 
 pointed in the direction, if they did not absolutely prove, that the trade of 
 London was suffering from the condition of its port; and I pointed out 
 that other ports of the kingdom which have developed their docks and 
 harbours have secured an increased proportion of the trade of the 
 kingdom. I also suggested, that this relative falling back of London might 
 also mean a loss to the nation at large, by reason of trade going to foreign 
 
 orts. 
 
 5 I now propose to place some figures before the Commission relating to 
 some of the above-named ports. I think the conclusion is irresistible, that 
 those ports have been enabled to develope their trade because of the extension 
 and development of their dock and harbour facilities. If this is so, I think it 
 would be hard to resist the correlative conclusion that the proportional 
 falling back of London is due to the want of corresponding development 
 and attention in the docks and port. 
 
 I put intwo Tables (25 and 26) showing the shipping and trade of 
 the port of Hamburg. Table 25 gives the number and tonnage of the 
 shipping entered at the port during the century. It will be seen how 
 enormous the growth has been. Table 26 shows the weight and value of 
 imports, and the figures are correspondingly striking. ‘l'wo very large 
 docks are now being constructed in addition to those opened in recent 
 years, and every improvement in machinery, warehouses and facilities for 
 unloading and storage is made from time to time. 
 
 At Amsterdam I also found considerable extension of docks and 
 harbour works in order to introduce the latest improvements. I put ina 
 Table (27) showing the shipping entered at the port in the years 1884-99. 
 The increase in the last four years is especially noticeable. 
 
 At Rotterdam great extensions were going on. An entirely new water 
 way was constructed in 1872. I put in a Table (28) showing the shipping 
 entered at this port for a series of years. As in Amsterdam the increase 
 in the last four years is the most marked feature. 
 
 At Antwerp again considerable works are in progress, and I put in 
 two tables (29 and 3Q) showing the increase of trade at this port. The 
 figures are equally striking with those for Hamburg, the increase since 
 1890 being over 50 per cent. 
 
 There is nothing in the United Kingdom to equal the increase in 
 shipping in recent years that has taken place at these four ports. 
 
 In all these places the docks and harbour are under the control of the 
 municipality, and it is a universal policy with the authorities to undertake all 
 that is needed by way of improvement without reference to any limits of 
 revenue which arise from charges on shipping. By this means the service 
 is kept at its full height, in all branches, whether it be dredging, buoying, 
 lighting, construction of cranes and other machinery, provision of ware- 
 house accommodation suitable to different classes of goods, connection 
 of all parts of the port together by means of railways or steam tram- 
 ways and vessels of various kinds, and the provision of a competent and 
 expert staff to deal with all branches of the service. 
 
TABLES ACCOMPANYING THE STATEMENT OF EVIDENCE. 
 
 A—SUMMARY OF EVENTS. 
 
 ly 
 
 Synopsis of powers granted to dock companies, 
 
 B.—DOCK ACCOMMODATION. 
 
 2. 
 
 Water area of the Docks of London. 
 
 C.—TRADE OF THE PORT. 
 
 F, 
 
 G. 
 
 3. Number and tonnage of shipping entered at the Port of London, 1798-1899. 
 4, Number and tonnage of shipping cleared from the Port of London, 1798-1899. 
 5. Average tonnage of sailing and steam vessels entered at the Port of London, 1841-99. 
 6. Classification according to tonnage of foreign-going steam vessels belonging to the 
 United Kingdom, 1860-99. 
 7. Classification according to tonnage of foreign-going sailing vessels belonging to the 
 United Kingdom, 1860-99. 
 8. Classification according to tonnage of sailing and steam vessels belonging to certain 
 British ports. 
 Y. Steam vessels above 7,000 gross tonnage arranged according to nationality. 
 10. Classification according to gross tonnage of steam vessels belonging to various 
 nationalities and proportion each bears to the total of each country. 
 11. Shipping entered with cargoes at the Port of London and London’s proportion of the 
 United Kingdom. 
 12. Shipping cleared with cargoes from the Port of London and London’s proportion of 
 the United Kingdom. 
 13. Tonnage of shipping entered at the Port of London from each of the chief foreign countries 
 and British possessions and London’s proportion of the United Kingdom, 1861, 1871, 
 1881, 1891, 1899. 
 14. - Tonnage of shipping cleared from the Port of London for each of the chief foreign countries 
 and British possessions and London’s proportion of the United Kingdom, 1861, 1871, 
 1881, 1891, 1899. 
 15. Value of Imports into the Port of London, and London’s proportion of the United 
 Kingdom, 1872-99. 
 16. Value of Exports from the Port of London and London’s proportion of the United 
 Kingdom, 1857-99. 
 17. A,B,C, Dand E. Transhipment trade of the Port of London and London’s proportion of 
 the United Kingdom, 1853-99. 
 18. Comparison of the proportion which the shipping of the Port of London and of certain 
 competing ports bears to the shipping of the United Kingdom. 
 19. Population of Greater London and Greater London’s proportion of the United Kingdom. 
 FINANCE. 
 20. A,B,C, Dand E. Revenue and expenditure of the authorities of the Port of London. 
 
 DOCK CHARGES. 
 
 21. 
 22. 
 
 Classification of ‘landing rate,” London and India Docks. 
 
 “ Tanding and delivery rate,” London and India Docks. 
 
 PORT GOVERNMENT. 
 
 23. 
 24. 
 
 Government of the Port of London. 
 System of government in other ports of the kingdom. 
 
 FOREIGN PORTS. 
 
 25. 
 26. 
 27. 
 
 28, 
 
 Shipping entered at the Port of Hamburg, 1791-1899. 
 
 Weight and value of imports into the Port of Hamburg, 1850-99. 
 Shipping entered at the Port of Amsterdam, 1884-99. 
 
 Shipping entered at the Port of Rotterdam, 1850-99, 
 
 9: 
 30 { shipping entered at the Port of Antwerp, 1870-99. 
 
Synopsis of the Powers granted to the London 
 (Arranged nm 
 
 Works authorised 
 
 8 
 
 Name 
 of Date of Act. 
 Company. 
 1 2 
 West India | 39 Geo. IIL, 
 Docks cap. 69 
 [1799] 
 London 
 Docks Geo. III, 
 cap. 47 
 [1800] 
 
 Construction of one or more navigable 
 dock or docks, basin or basins, and 
 cut or cuts, to communicate with the 
 Thames at Blackwall and Limehouse 
 Hole, with thenecessary quays, wharves, 
 and warehouses (56-57) 
 
 Construction of four or more piers with- 
 in the tideway of the Thames, two or 
 more at Blackwall, and two or more 
 at Limehouse Hole (59) 
 
 Construction of cuts, sluices, bridges, 
 roads, &c. (60) 
 
 Construction of drains to carry off water 
 from private property (61) 
 
 Alteration of sewers in or near the 
 docks (62) 
 
 Construction of draw and swivel bridges 
 (63) 
 
 Alteration and diversion of highways 
 (64) 
 
 Construction of feeders for supplying 
 the docks with water (68) 
 
 Purchase of land in the Isle of Dogs, 
 necessary for making the docks and 
 works (74) 
 
 39 and 40,| Making, completing, altering, &c., of 
 
 basins and docks, with quays and 
 wharves adjoining, and entrances into 
 the Thames, and all necessary locks, 
 sluices, culverts, drains, bridges, roads, 
 piers, and other works (1, 25, 57) 
 
 Construction of a wall, 20 ft. high, 
 surrounding the docks (27) 
 
 Construction of works for supplying 
 docks with water (28) 
 
 Construction of three bridges and other 
 passages across the docks (29) 
 
 Alteration of sewers interfering with 
 the docks and works (80) 
 
 Purchase of land for purposes of the 
 undertaking (31, 96) 
 
 Purchase of Shadwell waterworks for 
 £50,000 (38) 
 
 West India | 42 Geo. III., | Completion of docks and works autho- 
 
 Docks cap. 113 
 
 [1802] 
 
 rised by 39 Geo. IIL, 
 ( preamble) 
 
 Surrounding the docks by walls not 
 less than 20 ft. high (8, 4) 
 
 cap. 69 
 
 ~ Capital 
 
 Authorised. 
 
 4 
 
 £ 
 600,000 
 
 1,500,000 
 
 200,000 
 
 River Thames. 
 5 
 
 Power of Common Council 
 
 to build piers at Black- 
 walland Limehouse Hole, 
 to facilitate entrances 
 into canal, &. (59). 
 Power of Company to 
 regulate the mooring of 
 vessels near the entrances 
 into the canals, docks, 
 basins, and cuts (95) 
 
 Power of dock-master in 
 
 the Thames as to re- 
 moval of vessels to ex- 
 tend to 200 yards from 
 the dock entrance (79) 
 
Dock Companies by Act of Parliament. 
 
 chronological order.) 
 
 Port. 
 
 Power of Lord Mayor to 
 appoint harbour-masters 
 (78). Power of directors 
 
 of Company, or any five | 
 
 or more of them, to 
 appoint a dock-master to 
 be approved of by Cor- 
 poration of Trinity House 
 (80). Quays in such 
 of the docks as are 
 walled round to be legal 
 quays (86). Power of 
 Common Council to make 
 bye-laws for port and 
 canal (108). Power of 
 Company to make bye- 
 laws, rules, and regula- 
 tions for the good gov- 
 ernment of the docks 
 and their appurtenances 
 
 (109) 
 
 Power to make bye-laws 
 for the good government 
 of the Company and of 
 the officers, servants, and 
 persons employed (17). 
 Power to assign the rates 
 as a security on borrowed 
 capital (22). Power to 
 sell or lease the Com- 
 
 any’s premises or any 
 part thereof (53). Power 
 to prosecute in case of 
 damage done to the Com- 
 pany’s works (58). Power 
 of Directors to make 
 rules and regulations for 
 the proper government 
 of the business of the 
 docks (75) 
 
 Powers granted as to 
 
 Navigation. 
 
 Power of Common Council 
 
 to supply canal with 
 water from ‘Thames (5). 
 Power to scour canal and 
 to remove wrecks (10). 
 Power of Company to 
 scour docks and remove 
 
 wrecks (70). 
 
 Power to take water from 
 
 the Thames for the use 
 of the docks (28). Power 
 to scour the bed of the 
 river and to preserve the 
 depth at the entrance of 
 the docks so as to allow 
 vessels to enter (66). 
 Power to scour the docks 
 and to remove wrecks 
 and other obstructions at 
 the expense of persons 
 causing such obstruc- 
 tions (84) 
 
 are eee 
 
 Shipping. 
 8 
 
 Power of dock-master or 
 
 his assistant to order out 
 of docks light vessels, 
 
 and on every neglect to } 
 
 remove them, charges for 
 doing if necessary to be 
 levied by distress and 
 sale (101). Power of 
 Corporationto make rates 
 for vessels using the 
 canal (136). Power of 
 Company to levy certain 
 rates on shipping using 
 the docks (137). Power 
 of Company to ascertain 
 tonnage or admeasure- 
 ment of ships (141). 
 Power of Company to 
 measure, &c, ships or 
 vessels (143). Power of 
 Corporation to vary rates 
 on vessels using the canal 
 (145). Power of Com- 
 pany to vary rates on 
 vessels using the docks 
 (146) 
 
 Power to take rates on 
 
 certain shipping entering 
 the docks (59). Power 
 to ascertain the tonnage 
 or admeasurement of 
 ships (63). Power of 
 Company’s officers to 
 have access to registers, 
 of all shipping resorting 
 to the port, at the Cus- 
 tom House (64). Power 
 to measure, &c., ships or 
 vessels (65). Power of 
 dock-master to direct and 
 regulate the mooring, 
 numooring, moving or 
 removing of all ships, 
 vessels, or lighters com- 
 ing into, lying in, or going 
 out of the Company’s 
 premises, eitheras to time 
 or position, discharging 
 or loading; as to the time 
 
 Table 1, 
 
 mre ES ET SE SSE A SESE EGE SS OE SESE SE SS A ET 
 
 Commerce. 
 
 eee nee 
 
 Power to take rates on 
 
 certain goods 
 
 entering 
 the docks (59) 
 
 of opening orshutting the 
 gates thereof, and on failure of master, d&c., of vessels 
 to carry out his directions to order his assistants to 
 
 do so at the owner’s expense (78 & 80). 
 
 Vessels and 
 
 craft not to be in the river within 200 yards of the 
 entrance to the docks unless it is for the purpose of 
 
 coming inor going out of the docks. 
 master to remove such vessels (79). 
 
 Power of dock- 
 Power of dock- 
 
 master to order out of the docks all light vessels, &c., 
 and on the refusal of the master to obey this order 
 to order his assistants to do so at the expense of the 
 
 vessel (92) 
 
 Power to prevent West 
 
 Indian vessel breaking 
 bulk until the whole of 
 her cargo be duly en- 
 tered (17) 
 
 Power to enter goods on 
 
 neglect of owners, &c., 
 to do so after seven days 
 of vessels being reported 
 at Customs (15). Power 
 to take additional rates 
 on goods being West 
 Indian produce (21) 
 
Synopsis of the Powers granted to the 
 
 Company. 
 1 
 
 East India 
 Docks 
 
 London 
 Docks 
 
 West India 
 Docks 
 
 London 
 Docks 
 
 London 
 Docks 
 
 London 
 Docks 
 
 Hast India 
 Docks 
 
 London 
 Docks 
 
 London 
 Docks 
 
 Date of Act. 
 
 2 
 
 43 Geo. III., 
 cap. 126 
 [1803 ] 
 
 4d Geo. IIT., 
 cap. 2 
 [1804] 
 
 44 Geo. III., 
 cap. 7 
 
 [1804] 
 
 44 Geo. III., 
 cap. 100 
 [1804] 
 
 45 Geo. IIL., 
 cap. 58 
 [1805] 
 
 46 Geo. IIL, 
 cap. 59. 
 [1806] 
 
 46 Geo. III., 
 cap. 113 
 [1806 ] 
 
 A7 Geo. III., 
 cap. 9 
 
 [1807] 
 49 Geo. IIL, 
 
 cap. clvi. 
 
 [1809] 
 
 Works authorised. 
 
 3 
 
 Purchase of lands and buildings neces- 
 sary for making the docks and works 
 authorised, and of lands and buildings 
 situate within 30 feet of the wall en- 
 closing the docks (26) 
 
 Construction of one or more navigable 
 dock or docks, basin or basins, with 
 entrances to communicate with the 
 Thames at Blackwall (41) 
 
 Surrounding the docks by a brick or 
 stone wall not less than 20 feet high 
 (42) 
 
 Building two or more piers within the 
 tideway of the Thames at Blackwall 
 (43) 
 
 Construction of sluices, locks, floodgates, 
 engines, machines, pipes, bridges, roads 
 and other works (44) 
 
 Construction of drains, &c., to carry off 
 water from adjoining property (45) 
 Alteration of sewers and drains in or 
 
 near the docks (46) 
 
 Construction of draw and swivel bridges 
 over some of the dock entrances 
 (47) 
 
 Alteration and diversion of roads inter- 
 fering with the docks (48) 
 
 Construction of feeders for supplying 
 the docks with water (50) 
 
 Completion of works authorised under 
 39 & 40 Geo. IIIL., cap. 47 (preamble) 
 
 Completion of works authorised by 39 
 Geo. III., cap. 69 (preamble) 
 
 seen 
 
 Completion of works authorised under 
 
 39 & 40 Geo. IIIL., cap. 47 (preamble) 
 
 Purchase of land and buildings for pur- 
 poses of the undertaking (2) 
 
 Construction of footbridge at inner part 
 of entrance lock (5) 
 
 Provision of greater accommodation for 
 shipping ( preamble) 
 
 Subscription of £10,000 at interest to 
 complete the road to the docks (8) 
 
 Purchase of additional land (10) 
 
 Surrounding the boundary wall of the 
 inward dock by a public way 10 feet 
 wide (15) 
 
 Purchase of water works supplying 
 Stratford, West Ham, Bow, Bromley, 
 &e. (1) 
 
 Capital 
 
 Authorised. 
 
 4 
 
 £ 
 300,000 
 
 500,000 
 
 400,000 
 
 500,000 
 
 100,000 
 
 eeeeee 
 
 eee eee 
 
 River Thames. 
 5 
 
 Power to build piers in 
 the Thames to facilitate 
 the entrances into the 
 docks (43). Power of 
 dock-master to extend 
 into the Thames to a 
 distance of 200 yards 
 from the extremity of 
 the wing wall of any 
 entrance into the docks 
 (99) 
 
 aeeaee 
 ceeeee 
 
 eteeee 
 
 serene 
 
 see eee 
 
 oeeaee 
 
 seeeee 
 
London Dock Companies—continued. 
 
 Table 1—continued. 
 
 5 
 
 rates as security for 
 loans (10). Power to 
 make bye-laws for re- 
 
 culating the docks and 
 theirappurtenances (79). 
 Power of officials of the 
 Company to have access 
 to registers of ships at 
 the Custom House (96) 
 
 Power to assign dock rates 
 as security for loans (2) 
 
 Power to assign dock rates 
 as security for loans (2) 
 
 Power to assign dock rates 
 as security for loans (6) 
 
 ereeee 
 
 ones 
 
 aneene 
 
 Powers granted as to 
 
 &c., with water from 
 the Thames (50). Power 
 to scour the docks, &ec. ; 
 and to remove wrecks 
 and other obstructions 
 at the expense of the 
 persons causing such 
 obstructions (56) 
 
 eeeeee 
 
 eee aee 
 
 oveeee 
 
 to direct the mooring, 
 unmooring, moving or 
 removing of all vessels 
 and lighters, to assign 
 their position for loading 
 or unloading, to regulate 
 the times of opening and 
 shutting lock gates, and 
 on failure of masters, &c., 
 of vessels to carry out 
 his directions, to order 
 his assistants to do so 
 at the owner’s expense. 
 Power of dock-master to 
 regulate the moorings of 
 vessels near the entrance 
 into the docks (67). 
 Power of dock-master 
 to order out of docks all 
 light vessels when neces- 
 sary (72). Power to take 
 certain rates for vessels 
 using the docks (9] and 
 99). Power to ascertain 
 the tonnage and admea- 
 surement of ships (95). 
 Power to measure, &c., 
 ships and vessels (97). 
 
 ere nee 
 
 een aee 
 
 Paeeee 
 
 whee 
 
 sete 
 
 Power of dock-master as 
 
 to the removal of vessels, 
 
 &e. (8) 
 
 Port. Navigation. Shipping. Commerce. 
 6 8 9 
 Power to assign dock} Power tosupply the docks, | Dock-mastertohavepower | Power to take certain rates 
 
 on goods entering the 
 Company’s premises (91 
 and 99) 
 
 eeeeee 
 
 Power to land and ware- 
 house goods not duly 
 entered at the Customs 
 within seven days after 
 the vessel has been re- 
 ported at the Customs. 
 
 ereeee 
 
Commercial 
 Docks 
 
 Commercial 
 Docks 
 
 Hast 
 Country 
 Dock 
 
 Date of Act. 
 
 2 
 
 Synopsis of the Powers granted to the 
 
 Works Authorised. 
 
 3 
 
 50 Geo. IIL., 
 
 cap. 151 
 [1810] 
 
 50 Geo. ITI, 
 
 cap. ccvll. 
 
 [1810] 
 
 51 Geo. 11S 
 
 51 Geo. III., 
 
 cap. 171 
 [1811] 
 
 Completion of works authorised under 
 previous Acts (1) 
 
 Purchase and improvement of Greenland 
 Dock and other docks and premises 
 (preamble) 
 
 Extension and improvement of Green- 
 land Dock, and construction of basins, 
 docks, and ponds with entrances, 
 quays, wharves, &c. (2, 20, 21, 66). 
 
 Construction of works for supplying 
 water to the doeks (23) 
 
 Construction of bridges across 
 entrances to the docks (25) 
 
 Alteration of roads interfering with the 
 docks (26) 
 
 Construction of swing bridges over 
 every cut or sluice connecting the 
 docks with the Thames (30) 
 
 Alteration of sewers in or near the 
 docks (36) 
 
 Purchase of lands (39-41) 
 
 Construction of sluices, bridges, roads, 
 and other works (67) 
 
 the 
 
 Completion and improvement of Com- 
 mercial Docks, and construction of 
 cuts, entrances, feeders, aqueducts, 
 sluices, wharves, quays, and other 
 works (preamble) 
 
 Alteration of footway from Grove-street 
 to Great Russell-street (11) 
 
 Construction of swivel bridges instead 
 of bridges required by 50 Geo. IIL, 
 cap. cevii. (13) 
 
 Construction of works for supplying 
 water to the docks (2) 
 
 Completion of docks, feeders, sluices, 
 roads, bridges, wharves and other 
 works (10, 40) 
 
 Construction of two platform bridges 
 over the sluice joining the docks with 
 the Thames (39) 
 
 60,000 
 
 Capital 
 Authorised. 
 
 4 
 
 3 
 750,000 
 
 260,000 
 
 130,000 
 
 (in 
 addition to 
 amount 
 already 
 subscribed) 
 
 River Thamee. 
 5 
 
 preeee 
 
 Power of dock-master to 
 extend into the Thames 
 for a distance of 100 
 yards from the dock 
 entrances (71) 
 
 Powerof dockmaster to ex- 
 tend into the Thames 
 for a distance of 100 
 yards from the dock en- 
 trances (27) 
 
London Dock Companies—continued. 
 
 Port. 
 
 Power to assign dock rates 
 as security for loans (2) 
 
 Power to assign dock rates 
 as security for loans (14). 
 Power to make bye-laws 
 for the good government 
 of the Company’s pre- 
 mises, &e. (23) 
 
 Powers granted as to 
 
 Navigation. 
 
 Power to take water from 
 the Thames for the pur- 
 poses of the docks (28). 
 Power to scour the bed of 
 the river and preserve 
 the proper depth at the 
 entrance of the docks 
 
 (74) 
 
 ste eee 
 
 Power to take water from 
 the Thames for the pur- 
 poses of the docks (2). 
 Power to scour the bed 
 of the river and preserve 
 the proper depth at the 
 entrance to the docks (8). 
 Power to remove wrecks 
 and other obstructions at 
 the expense of the per- 
 son causing the obstruc- 
 tions (32) 
 
 Shipping. 
 8 
 
 Power of dock-master to 
 direct the mooring, un- 
 mooring, moving, or re- 
 moving of all vessels, &c., 
 to assign them position 
 for loading and unload- 
 ing, to regulate time of 
 opening and shutting the 
 gates, and on failure of 
 masters, &c., of vessels to 
 carry out his directions 
 to order his assistants to 
 do so at the owners’ 
 expense (71). Power of 
 dock-master to remove 
 vessels from within 100 
 yards of the dock en- 
 trances except when 
 coming in or going out 
 
 of the docks (71). 
 
 Power to take rates on 
 shipping entering the 
 
 docks (24) 
 
 Power of dock-master to 
 direct the mooring, un- 
 mooring, moving, or re- 
 moving of all vessels, &e. 
 to assigu their position 
 for leading aad unload- 
 ing, to regulate time of 
 opening and shutting the 
 gates, and on failure of 
 masters, &c. to carry out 
 his directions, to order 
 his assistants to do so at 
 the owners’ expense (26). 
 Power of dock - master 
 to remove vessels from 
 within 100 yards of the 
 dock entrances except 
 when coming in or goin 
 out of the docks (27). 
 Power to take rates on 
 all vessels entering the 
 docks (45). Power of 
 dock-master to order out 
 of the docks all light 
 vessels, &e. (49) 
 
 Table 1—continued. 
 
 Commerce, 
 9 
 
 Power to take 
 
 certain goods 
 the docks (24) 
 
 Power to take 
 certain goods 
 
 the docks (45) 
 
 rates on 
 entering 
 
 rates on 
 entering 
 
Synopsis of the Powers granted to the 
 
 Name 
 of 
 - Company. 
 
 1 
 
 London 
 
 Docks .. 
 
 London 
 Docks 
 
 London 
 Docks 
 
 East India 
 Docks 
 
 London 
 Docks 
 
 Commercial 
 Docks 
 
 London 
 Docks 
 
 London 
 Docks 
 
 Kast Country 
 Docks 
 
 St. Katha- 
 rine’s Dock 
 
 Date of Act. 
 
 2 
 
 51 Geo. III., 
 
 cap. 49 
 [1811] 
 
 52 Geo. IIL, 
 cap. 114 
 [1812] 
 
 54 Geo. III, 
 cap, 40 
 [1814] 
 
 54 Geo. IIL, 
 cap. 228 
 [1814] 
 
 55 Geo. IIL, 
 cap. iil. 
 [1815] 
 
 57 Geo. IIL, 
 cap. lxi, 
 
 [1817] 
 
 58 Geo. IIL, 
 cap. xu. 
 
 [1818] 
 
 4 Geo. IV., 
 cap. CXxXlv. 
 [1823] 
 
 6 Geo. IV., 
 cap. Ixiv. 
 
 [1825 ] 
 6 Geo. IV., 
 
 cap. CV. 
 
 [1825] 
 
 Works authorised. 
 
 Extending the time for completion of 
 works already authorised (1) 
 
 Extending the time for completion of 
 works already authorised (2) 
 
 Purchase of land adjoining the com- 
 pany’s premises (5, 6) 
 
 Enlarging the entrance basin on the land 
 to be purchased under the Act (8) 
 
 Building warehouses, wharves, quays, 
 cranes, &c., on the banks of the docks 
 and basins (9) 
 
 Completion of works previously author- 
 ised (4) 
 
 ere eee 
 
 Purchase of lands and buildings for 
 purposes of the undertaking (3) 
 
 Construction of one swing carriage 
 bridge near the Hermitage instead of 
 two bridges directed by 39 & 40 Geo. 
 III., cap. 47 (7) 
 
 Hixtending the time for completion of 
 works already authorised (1) 
 
 Completion, extension, enlargement of 
 the docks (10) 
 
 Purchase of lands, buildings, &c., for 
 the purposes of the undertaking (39) 
 Alteration and stopping up of roads, 
 &c., interfering with the dock premises 
 
 (74) 
 
 Construction of docks, basins, locks, and 
 cuts, with entrances from the Thames, 
 and of quays, wharves, warehouses, 
 engines, bridges, sluices, and other 
 works (75) 
 
 Construction of a wall not less than 
 15 feet high round the docks (77) 
 
 Construction of piers within the tide- 
 way of the Thames (78) 
 
 Construction of locks, flood-gates, sluices, 
 engines, bridges, roads and other works, 
 and laying down of buoys, mooring 
 craft, &c., in the Thames (79) 
 
 Construction of draw and turning 
 bridges over the entrances (80, 81) 
 
 Building, stopping up and altering 
 sewers (85) 
 
 Alteration, turning, widening, improv- 
 ing, &c., of highways and the making 
 of new ones in place of those stopped 
 up (83, 86) 
 
 Construction of works for supplying 
 docks with water (88) 
 
 Authorised. 
 
 Capital 
 
 River Thames. 
 5 
 
 TOR RIE 
 
 81000 eS a ee SE aeaie iera 
 
 100,000 
 
 errere 
 
 300,000 
 
 eee 00g) i hi ele arenes 
 
 ere oee 
 
 Power to build piers with- 
 in the tideway of the 
 Thames near the en- 
 trances to the Company’s 
 docks (78). Power of 
 dock-master to extend to 
 100 yardsintothe Thames 
 from the entrance into 
 the docks (100) 
 
 1,852,752 
 
Table 1—continued. 
 
 London Dock Companies—continued. 9 
 
 Powers granted as to 
 
 Navigation. Shipping. Commerce. 
 7 8 9 
 
 Power to take rates on 
 wines and spirits landed 
 in the docks (1--2) 
 
 ayaa lt wi)! Pe) OE er. ovages.) Sf PCA tee DO Fees 
 
 Sen oe |) aspects © Or Ue a” Lee Pett Feweiee ph RSTO 
 
 Power to take additional 
 
 rates on goods brought 
 into the docks (36-39) 
 
 Power of dock-master to 
 order any ship entering 
 the docks to be dis- 
 mantled in order to avoid 
 damage to shipping in 
 the docks, and to fix the amount of ballast 
 requisite to be taken on board (23). Dock-master 
 to have control of barges, &c., in the docks (24). 
 Power to take additional rates on shipping entering 
 the docks (386-39) 
 
 eeesee 
 
 ereeoe 
 
 Power to assign the rates 
 as security for loans (5) 
 
 Power to ascertain the 
 
 Power to assign the rates 
 
 as security for loans (2). 
 Power of dock officials 
 to have access to registers 
 of ships at the Custom 
 House (18) 
 
 Power to assign the rates 
 as security for loans (12) 
 
 ereeve 
 
 Power of dock-master to 
 
 tonnage or admeasure- 
 ment of ships entering 
 the docks (17). Power 
 to measure ships and 
 vessels (19) 
 
 order removal of empty 
 lighters, &e. (13) 
 
 Cau | Ss ee 2 oC 0d 
 
 Power to make bye-laws | Power to lay down buoys, | Dock-master to have} Power to take rates on 
 for the good government | dolphins, &c., in the| power to direct the moor-| certain goods entering 
 of the Company, &c.(20).| Thames near the en-| img, unmooring, moving| the Company’s premises 
 
 Power to assign dock 
 rates as security for loans 
 (27). Power of direc- 
 tors to make rules and 
 regulations for the entry 
 and departure of vessels, 
 &c., the landing, ship- 
 ping, and warehousing 
 of goods, the shutting of 
 gates, entrances, d&c. (95) 
 
 trances to the docks (79). 
 Power to supply the 
 docks, &c., with water 
 from the Thames (88). 
 Power to remove wrecks 
 and other obstructions at 
 the expense of the per- 
 sons causing such ob- 
 structions (90) 
 
 or removing of all ves- 
 sels, lighters, and craft, 
 to assign their position 
 for loading or unloading, 
 to regulate the times of 
 opening and shutting 
 lock gates, and on failure 
 of masters, &c., of ves- 
 sels to carry out his 
 directions to order his 
 assistants to do so at the 
 owners’ expense. Power 
 of dock-master to direct 
 the dismantling, c&c., of 
 vessels entering the 
 docks in order to avoid 
 damage to the shipping 
 or to the Company’s 
 premises, and to fix the 
 amount of ballast requi- 
 site to be taken on board 
 
 (97 & 99). Vessels and 
 
 (113). .Gates and doors 
 of warehouses, vaults, 
 &c., used for dutiable 
 goods to be under the 
 joint locks of the Com- 
 
 any and the revenue 
 officers (121). Power 
 to examine goods on 
 
 board vessels in the docks 
 (125). Copy of the mani- 
 fest of ships entering the 
 docks to be delivered to 
 the Company (126). 
 Power to enter, land, and 
 warehouse goods not duly 
 entered at the customs 
 within seven days after 
 the vessel has been re- 
 ported at the customs 
 
 (127) 
 
 craft not to remain in the river within 100 yards of 
 the dock entrances, except for the purpose of coming 
 in or going out of the docks, or for loading or dis- 
 charging at wharves on the river within that distance; 
 power of dock-master to remove such vessels on re- 
 fusal of master to do so (100-1). Power of dock- 
 master to order removal of light vessels, &c., from 
 the docks (105). Power to take rates on vessels 
 using the docks (112). Power to ascertain the ton- 
 nage or admeasurement of ships (123). Power to 
 measure ships or vessels (124). 
 
Name 
 of Date of Act. 
 Company. 
 1 2 
 
 Synopsis of the Powers granted to the 
 
 Works authorised. 
 
 3 
 
 East India 9 Geo. IV., 
 Docks | cap. xev. 
 [1828] 
 London 9 Geo. IV., 
 Docks cap. CXvi. 
 [1828] 
 
 Construction of new docks, basins, en- 
 trances from the Thames, and altera- 
 
 tion and enlargement of the docks and 
 
 works (65) 
 
 Purchase of property necessary for new 
 works (72) 
 
 Building two or more piers within the 
 tideway of the Thames at Blackwall 
 (98) 
 
 Construction of sluices, locks, engines, 
 pipes, bridges, roads, and other works 
 (99), and of draw and swivel bridges 
 over the entrances and at other places 
 (101) 
 
 Alteration and diversion of roads inter- 
 fering with new works (102) 
 
 Alteration of the course of the river 
 Lea (103) 
 
 Alteration of sewers or drains in or near 
 
 the docks (105) 
 
 Construction of feeders for supplying 
 
 the docks with water (106) 
 Construction of drains, &c. to carry off 
 water from adjoining property (107) 
 Erection of warehouses, wharves, quays, 
 
 cranes, sheds and engines (116) 
 
 Completion and improvement of works 
 (preamble) 
 
 Construction of additional entrance to 
 docks at Shadwell with all necessary 
 basins, locks, cuts, sluices, bridges, 
 roads and other works (46, 87) 
 
 Purchase of land and premises for 
 purposes of the undertaking (50, 79, 
 81-2) 
 
 Purchase of Shadwell Docks (79) 
 
 Alteration, diversion and stopping up 
 of highways interfering with docks 
 (84-5) 
 
 Alteration of sewers interfering with 
 docks (86) 
 
 Laying down of buoys, dolphins and 
 mooring craft (87) 
 
 Construction of piers at the several 
 entrances of the docks, no pier to 
 project more than 30 feet (96) 
 
 Construction of a wall at least 15 feet 
 high surrounding the docks (98) 
 
 Construction of two bridges at places 
 mentioned (100) 
 
 Capital 
 Authorised. 
 
 4 
 
 Q 
 00,000 
 
 400,000 
 
 Power to 
 
 River Thames. 
 5 
 
 Power to build and main- 
 
 tain piers in the Thames 
 at the entrances of the 
 docks. Dockmaster’s 
 powers to extend to that 
 part of the Thames with- 
 in 200 yards from any 
 entrance except Lime- 
 house entrance into the 
 South West India Dock, 
 where his power shall 
 only extend 150 yards 
 from the centre of the 
 entrance 
 
 build — piers | 
 within the tideway of 
 the Thames near the 
 entrances to the com- 
 pany’s docks (96). 
 Powers of dockmaster in 
 the Thames to extend to 
 200 yards from the dock 
 entrances (126). 
 
London Dock Companies—continued. 
 
 Table 1—continued 
 11 
 
 Port. 
 
 Powers granted as to 
 
 Navigation. 
 
 Power to assign rates as | Power to supply the docks, 
 
 security for loans (25.). 
 Power to make bye-laws 
 and regulations for gov- 
 erning the concerns of 
 the company and the 
 officers, servants and 
 persons employed (80). 
 Power of directors to 
 make rules and regu- 
 lations for the regulating 
 of the company’s busi- 
 ness and works (42) 
 
 Power to make bye-laws | Power to lay down buoys, 
 
 for the government of 
 the company (18). 
 Power to assign rates 
 as security for loans (40). 
 Power to sell or lease the 
 docks, warehouses, cc. 
 (76). Power of directors 
 to make rules and regu- 
 lations for the regulating 
 of the company business 
 and works (120) 
 
 &e., with water from the 
 Thames and Lea, and 
 to make feeders, d&c., 
 for that purpose (106). 
 Power to scour the docks 
 and to remove wrecks 
 and other obstructions at 
 the expense of persons 
 causing such obstruc- 
 tions (114) 
 
 Shipping. 
 8 
 
 Power to take rates on 
 vessels entering the com- 
 pany’s docks (115). 
 Power to ascertain the 
 tonnage or admeasure- 
 ment of vessels entering 
 the docks (119). Power 
 to detain and distrain 
 vessels, &c., and their 
 effects on non-payment 
 of charges; payment to 
 
 be recoverable by dis- 
 
 tress if not made within 
 fourteen days (121). Power to examine goods on 
 board vessels in the docks at the request of master, 
 owner, or consignee, in order to ascertain damages 
 occasioned to such goods by improper stowage or 
 otherwise (146). Power of dockmaster to direct 
 the movements of all vessels using the docks, to 
 regulate the times of opening and shutting lock gates, 
 and on failure of masters, &c., of vessels to carry 
 out his directions to order his assistants to do so 
 at the owners expense (155). Power of dock- 
 master to direct the dismantling, c&c., of vessels 
 entering the docks in order to avoid damage to the 
 shipping or tothe company’s premises, and to fix the 
 amount of ballast requisite to be taken on board 
 (156). Power of directors or any five or more of them 
 to alter or annul orders of dockmasters, and to give 
 other orders (159). Power of dockmaster to remove 
 all vessels lying in the river within 150 yards of the 
 Limehouse entrance to the South West India Dock, 
 or within 200 yards of the other dock entrances, 
 unless for the purpose of coming in or going out of 
 the docks, on refusal of masters to do so; this 
 provision not to apply to vessels loading or unloading 
 at wharves within 100 yards of the entrances of the 
 Kast India Docks, but vessels lying at such wharves 
 not to obstruct the entrances, and to be removed 
 when required by dockmaster (162). No vessel to 
 navigate in or enter the docks under sail except 
 with the special permission of one of the dock- 
 masters (164) 
 
 dolphins, &c., in the 
 Thames near the en- 
 trances to the docks (87). 
 
 shipping entering the 
 docks (101). Power to 
 detain and distrain ves- 
 
 Power to scour the docks 
 and to remove wrecks 
 and other obstructions 
 at the expense of persons 
 causing such obstructions 
 (92). Power to scour 
 the bed of the river and 
 preserve the depths at 
 the entrances of the 
 docks (94). Power to 
 supply docks, &c., with 
 water from the Thames 
 and to make feeders, &c., 
 for that purpose (97). 
 
 sels, &c., and their effects 
 on non-payment of 
 charges. Payment to be 
 recoverable by distress 
 if not made within five 
 days (102). Power to 
 
 ascertain the tonnage or: 
 
 admeasurement of ships 
 (104). Power to mea- 
 sure vessels (105). 
 Power to prevent vessels 
 breaking bulk until the 
 whole cargo has been 
 duly entered at the Cus- 
 toms (115). Powers to 
 
 dockmasters to direct the 
 movement of all vessels using the docks, to regulate 
 the time of opening and shutting lock gates, and on 
 failure of masters of vessels to carry out his direc- 
 tions to order his assistants to do so at the owners 
 expense (125). Power of dockmaster to remove all 
 vessels in the river within 200 yards of the entrances 
 of the docks except those entering and leaving the 
 docks (126-7). No vessel to navigate the docks 
 under sail without permission of the dockmaster 
 (128). Power of dockmaster to direct the dis- 
 mantling, &c., of vessels entering the docks in order to 
 avoid damage to shipping, &c., and to fix amount of 
 ballast requisite to be taken on board (129). Power 
 of dockmaster to order removal of light vessels and 
 lighters, c&c., from the docks (130-1). 
 
 Commerce. 
 9 
 
 Power to make reason- 
 able rates, rents or sums 
 on all goods for wharf- 
 age, unshipping, landing, 
 re-landing, piling, hous- 
 ing, weighing, coopering, 
 sampling, unpiling, un- 
 housing, watching, ship- 
 ping, loading, and de- 
 livering of such goods 
 and for other work to be 
 performed in respect of 
 them (124). Power to 
 sell goods in default of 
 paymeut of rates within 
 certain periods, and to 
 defray charges and ex- 
 penses out of proceeds. 
 If goods liable to duties, 
 rates, &c., have been re- 
 moved from the com- 
 pany’s premises without 
 payment, the company 
 may, after paying cus- 
 toms, duties, distrain 
 other goods in its pre- 
 mises belonging to the 
 person liable, sell the 
 goods so distrained and 
 defray rates and duties 
 out of the proceeds 
 (126). Copy of ithe 
 manifest of ships enter- 
 ing the docks to be 
 delivered to the company 
 at their principal office 
 (149). Power of dock- 
 master to order the 
 removal of combustibles, 
 when necessary (172) 
 
 Power to take rates on; Power to take rates on 
 
 goods entering the docks 
 (106). Power to recover 
 rates on goods (107). 
 Copy of the manifest of 
 all vessels entering the 
 docks to be delivered 
 to the company (109). 
 Power to land and ware- 
 house goods in case of 
 neglect of entry at the 
 Custom House within 
 seven days of the vessel 
 being reported (114). 
 Power to enter goods at 
 the Custom House when 
 owners of goods refuse 
 or neglect to pass them 
 within 48 hours of the 
 vessel being reported 
 at the Customs (116). 
 Power to authorise per- 
 sons to discharge cargoes 
 (117). Power of dock- 
 master to order removal 
 of combustibles when 
 
 necessary (133). 
 
12 
 
 Synopsis of the Powers granted to the 
 
 Company. 
 1 
 
 St. Katha- 
 rine Docks 
 
 West India 
 
 Docks 
 
 St. Katha- 
 rine Docks 
 
 West India 
 Docks 
 
 St. Katha- 
 rine’s Docks 
 
 Date of Act. 
 
 2) 
 
 10 Geo. IV., 
 cap. 1. 
 [1829] 
 
 10 Geo. IV., 
 cap. Ixvii. 
 
 [1829] 
 11 Geo. IV., 
 
 cap. Xlil. 
 
 [1830] 
 
 1 & 2 Will. 
 IV.,cap. li. 
 [1831] 
 
 2. Wall. Vil. 
 cap. xlix. 
 [1832] 
 
 Works authorised. 
 
 Completion and extension of docks and 
 works (preamble) 
 
 Completion of works previously autho- 
 rised (preamble) 
 
 Building all necessary piers within the 
 tideway of the Thames at the dock 
 entrances (45) 
 
 Construction of cuts, sluices, bridges, 
 and other works (46) 
 
 Construction of drains for carrying off 
 water from private property (47) 
 
 Alteration and construction of sewers 
 (48) 
 
 Construction of draw and swivel bridges 
 (54) 
 
 Alteration and diversion of highways 
 (55) 
 
 Construction of feeders for supplying 
 the docks with water (68) 
 
 Capital 
 Authorised. 
 
 500,000 
 
 300,000 
 
 ecevce 
 
 eeeeee 
 
 River Thames, 
 5 
 
 eeeece 
 
 eeteoe 
 
 Power to build and main- 
 tain piers in the Thames 
 at the entrance of the 
 docks at Blackwall and 
 Limehouse Hole (46). 
 Dockmaster’s powers to 
 extend to that part of 
 the Thames within 200 
 yards from any entrance 
 except the Limehouse 
 entrance into the South 
 West India Dock, where 
 his power shall only 
 extend 150 yards from 
 the centre of the en- 
 trance (100) 
 
 erecve 
 
London Dock Companies—continued. 
 
 Table 1—continued. 
 
 15 
 
 Powers granted as to 
 
 Port. 
 
 Navigation. 
 7 
 
 Shipping. 
 8 
 
 Commerce, 
 9 
 
 Power to assign rates as 
 security on loans (2) 
 
 Power to assign rates as 
 security on loans (2) 
 
 Power to assign rates as 
 security on loans (5) 
 
 Power to make bye-laws 
 for governing the con- 
 cerns of the company 
 (22). Power to assign 
 the rates as security for 
 loans (40). Power of 
 directors to make rules 
 and regulations for the 
 regulating of the com- 
 pany’s business and 
 works (96) 
 
 erreee 
 
 ereere 
 
 Power to supply docks, 
 
 &c., with water from the 
 Thames, and to make 
 feeders, &c.,for that pur- 
 pose (68). Power to 
 scour the docks and re- 
 move wrecks and other 
 obstructions at the ex- 
 pense of the person caus- 
 ing that obstruction (70). 
 Power to scour the bed 
 of the river and preserve 
 the depth at the entrance 
 of the docks, so as to en- 
 able vessels to enter (73). 
 
 Power to prevent vessel 
 
 breaking bulk until the 
 whole cargo has_ been 
 
 entered at the Custom 
 House (12) 
 
 Power to take reasonable 
 
 rates for all vessels 
 entering the docks (76). 
 Power to take a reason- 
 able rate, rent, or sum 
 for every lighter, &c., 
 usin the docks and 
 basins, not cxceeding the 
 rates payable by vessels 
 trading coastwise (76). 
 Power to detain vessels 
 and their effects on non- 
 payment of charges (77). 
 Power to prevent vessels 
 breaking bulk until cargo 
 
 is entered at the Custom 
 
 House (93). Power to 
 employ persons to discharge or load vessels at the 
 expense of the owners or consignees when incon- 
 venience or unnecessary delay in their discharge 
 occurs from the inadequacy or improper conduct of 
 the persons employed by the owners, masters, &c. ; 
 masters to clear the decks of vessels of any impedi- 
 ment to the delivery (94). Power of dockmaster 
 to direct the movement of all vessels using the docks, 
 to regulate the times of opening and shutting lock 
 gates, and, on failure of masters, &c., of vessels to 
 carry out his directions, to order his assistants to do 
 so at the owner’s expense (100). Power of dock- 
 master to remove all vessels lying within 150 yards 
 of the Limehouse entrance to the South West India 
 Dock, or within 200 yards of the other dock 
 entrances, unless for the purpose of coming in or 
 going out of the docks, on refusal of masters to do 
 so; this provision not to apply to vessels loading or 
 unloading at wharves within 100 yards of the 
 entrances of the Hast India Docks,but vessels lying at 
 such wharves not to obstruct the entrances, and to 
 be removed when required by dockmaster (101). 
 No vessel except those using the docks to lie at the 
 buoys, &c., of the company in the Thames, except 
 with the special permission of one of the dock- 
 masters (102). Power of dockmaster to direct the 
 dismantling, &c., of vessels entering the docks, inorder 
 to avoid damage to shipping, &c., and to fix amount 
 of ballast requisite to be taken on board (104). 
 Power of dockmaster or his assistants to remove from 
 the quays and wharves any vessel which has com- 
 pleted discharging, and to order such vessel out of 
 the docks, basins, &c.; if the master, &c., of any such 
 vessel refuse, the dockmaster to remove it at the 
 owner’s expense (106). Power of dockmaster to 
 require, by notice in writing to the owner, the 
 removal of any lighter or craft at the expiration of 
 twenty-four hours after its entry into the docks, &c., 
 
 or after it has completed unloading (107) 
 
 Power to enter goods if not 
 
 entered by owners or con- 
 signees thereof (10) 
 
 Power to land and ware- 
 
 house goods in case of 
 neglect of entry at the 
 Custom House within 
 seven days of the vessel 
 being reported (13) 
 
 Two copies of the manifest 
 
 of ships entering the 
 docks to be delivered to 
 the company at the dock- 
 house (84). Power to 
 land and warehouse 
 goods not duly entered 
 at the Customs within 
 seven days after the 
 vessel has been reported 
 at the Customs (90). 
 Power to enter goods 
 when obstruction of busi- 
 ness is caused by the 
 failure of the owner or 
 consignee to enter them 
 within 48 hours after the 
 cargo has been reported 
 at the Custom House, to 
 land and warehouse such 
 goods, and retain them 
 as security for payment 
 of freight, rates, duties, 
 &c. (91). Power to take 
 reasonable rates, rents or 
 sums on all goods for 
 wharfage, unshipping, 
 landing,relanding,piling, 
 housing, weighing, coop- 
 ering,sampling, unpiling, 
 unhousing, watching, 
 shipping, loading, and 
 delivering of such goods, 
 and for other work to be 
 performed in respect of 
 them (80). Power to 
 sell goods in default of 
 payment of rates within 
 certain periods, and to 
 defray charges and ex- 
 penses out of proceeds 
 (81). Power of dock- 
 master to order the re- 
 moval of combustibles 
 when necessary (109) 
 
14 Synopsis of the Powers granted to the 
 
 Name f ital 
 ‘ of Date of Act. Works authorised. A eae ck 
 esas River Thames. 
 i 2 3 4 5 
 
 £ 
 Hast India|5 & 6 Will. | Subscription from time to time towards 200,000 Soiee eee Betas 
 
 Docks IV., cap. the making, repairing, improving and 
 xliv. maintaining of any rail, tram, or 
 [1835]. other roads within five miles of the 
 
 docks (17). 
 
 Purchase of lands, &c., not exceeding 
 10 acres near to the docks (19). 
 
 Purchase of warehouses or of property 
 to convert into warehouses within five 
 miles of the Royal Exchange (20). 
 
 St. Katha- 6 & 7 Will. | Completion and improvement of works| 900,000 | 9 wus 
 rine Docks] IV., cap. previously authorised (3). 
 
 XXxl. Purchase of warehouses within 5 miles 
 [1836] of Royal Exchange (20) 
 
 East and L Vat. hae tee ER a ens... || ener e Rice 
 West India| Cap. ix. 
 Docks [1838] 
 
 East and 10 & LL "Vite tis eae ee a i sn 3 poh ntenek 
 West India| cap. clvi. 
 Docks. [1847 | 
 
London Dock Companies—continued. 
 
 Table 1—continued. 
 
 aaa 
 z Powers granted as to 
 
 ET Ns amy Tem |S a  em 
 
 Navigation. 
 
 Shipping. 
 8 
 
 Commerce. 
 9 
 
 Power to assign the rates 
 as security on loans (8). 
 
 Power to purchase, hire or take on lease for any 
 
 term or terms of years any warehouses, messuages, 
 &c., within five miles of the Royal Exchange, 
 which before or at the passing of this Act were 
 the property of the East India Company; if the 
 warehouses are licensed as bonding warehouses they 
 may be used accordingly (20-1). Power to give 
 security required for bonding warehouses (22). 
 Power of directors to make rules and regulations 
 for the management of the up-town warehouses 
 mentioned in sections 20 and 21 of this Act, for 
 the conveying and warehousing, &., of goods 
 thereto or therein, the hours during which the 
 warehouses are to be opened, &c. (24). Power 
 of directors, or any three or more of them, to lease 
 for any term of years or to sell the docks and 
 warehouses of the company (389). 
 
 Power to assign rates as 
 security on loans (14). 
 
 Power to purchase or take on lease warehouses or 
 
 ground for the purpose of building warehouses for 
 the deposit of goods within 5 miles of the Royal 
 Exchange (20). Warehouses authorised to be built 
 or purchased under this Act, to be used as bonded 
 warehouses if licensed by Treasury or Customs; 
 power to give to Treasury or Customs security 
 required for such bonded warehouses (21-2) 
 
 accustom eo) 8 - | |i "— vwves0ee 
 
 Power to lease certain 
 warehouses and wharves 
 situated on the river 
 Lea, in the parish of 
 Bromley, to the Eastern 
 Counties (now the Great. 
 Eastern) Railway Com- 
 
 pany (27) 
 
 eeeeee 
 
 Power to prevent vessels 
 
 breaking bulk until 
 cargo is entered at the 
 Custom House subject to 
 the Customs officers being 
 permitted to discharge 
 parts of cargoes when 
 they think fit (31). Power 
 to employ persons to dis- 
 charge or load vessels at 
 the expense of the owners 
 or consignees when in- 
 convenienced or unneces- 
 sary delay in their dis- 
 charge occurs from the 
 inadequacy or improper 
 conduct of the persons 
 employed by the owners, 
 masters, d&c.; masters to 
 clear the decks of vessels 
 of any impediment to 
 the delivery (35). 
 
 Power to cause goods to 
 
 be conveyed to or from 
 the company’s up-town 
 warehouses (23). Power 
 to take rates not exceed- 
 ing those usually paid in 
 the Port of London on 
 goods conveyed to or 
 from or deposited in the 
 up-town warehouses, for 
 housing, weighing, coop- 
 ering, sampling, unhous- 
 ing, watching, carrying 
 and delivering, &c., such 
 goods (25). Power to 
 sell goods deposited, &c., 
 in the up-town ware- 
 houses in default of pay- 
 ment of rates, and to 
 defray such rates and 
 the expenses of sale out 
 of proceeds (26). Power 
 to enter goods when 
 
 obstruction of business is caused by the failure of 
 the owner or consignee to enter them within 48 
 hours after the cargo has been reported at the 
 Custom House, to land and warehouse such goods, 
 and retain them as security for payment of freight, 
 rates, duties, &c.; such goods may be detained until 
 production of bill of lading (33). Power to land 
 and warehouse goods not duly entered at the Customs 
 within seven days after the vessel has been re- 
 ported at the Customs. Power to sell the goods 
 and defray all duties, charges, &c., out of the proceeds 
 
 (34). 
 
 Power to take rates, rents, 
 
 or sums on goods deposi- 
 ted in the warehouses 
 authorised to be built or 
 purchased by this Act 
 (20). Power to cause 
 goods to be conveyed to 
 or from the company’s 
 warehouses (23) 
 
 ereeere 
 
16 
 
 Synopsis of the Powers granted to the 
 
 Name 
 
 : of Date of Act. 
 Company. 
 1 2 
 Victoria 
 Docks cap. li. 
 [1850] 
 Commercial | 14&15 Vict., 
 Docks cap. xliii. 
 [1851 | 
 London 16 &17 Vict., 
 Docks | cap. evi. 
 [1853]. 
 
 Works authorised. 
 
 8 
 
 18 &14 Vict.,| Construction of dock with cuts, locks, 
 
 quays, bridges and other works (18) 
 
 Purchase of land for grazing purposes 
 (for foreign cattle) not to exceed 200 
 acres (21) 
 
 Construction of railway bridge over the 
 entrance to the dock (29) 
 
 Construction of station for North Wool- 
 wich Railway ; expense not to exceed 
 £1,500 (37) 
 
 Purchase of land of the Northumberland 
 and Durham Coal Company (39) 
 
 Purchase of the Hast Country Dock and 
 warehouses, &c. (6) 
 
 Construction of works :—Two new cuts 
 or entrances from the Thames; enlarge- 
 mentand deepening of the Hast Country 
 Dock and entrance; a tramway to con- 
 nect the company’s docks with Dept- 
 ford branch railway (17) 
 
 Construction of swivel bridges over the 
 new cuts or entrances and of a foot- 
 way over one dock gate at each en- 
 trance (19) 
 
 Purchase of additional land not exceed- 
 ing 20 acres (26) 
 
 Construction of gas and water culverts 
 under the new entrances (39) 
 
 Inclosure of docks within a wall (41) 
 
 Construction of a new entrance near 
 Shadwell Dock stairs and a new basin 
 or dock, connected by a cut with the 
 Eastern Dock, with all necessary locks, 
 gates, streets, piers, warehouses, sheds, 
 and other works (4) 
 
 Construction of two bridges over the 
 new entrance and cut (8) 
 
 Alteration and diversion of sewers in- 
 terfering with docks (9) 
 
 Stopping up and enclosing certain 
 streets (10) 
 
 Construction of new streets in place of | 
 
 portions stopped up (11) 
 
 Reconstruction of mains and pipes for 
 Kast London Waterworks Company 
 (14) 
 
 Purchase of lands, buildings, &c., for 
 purposes of the undertaking (18, 22). 
 
 Construction of bridges, platforms, 
 cranes, wharves, piers and other re- 
 quisites, and laying down of buoys, 
 dolphins, mooring posts, &., in the 
 Thames (26) 
 
 Capital 
 Authorised. 
 River Thames. 
 4 5 
 £ 
 
 533,000 Power of the dock-master 
 to extend to 100 yards 
 into the river from the 
 entrance to the docks 
 (45) 
 
 428,250 | Power of dock master to 
 extend to 100 yards into 
 the Thames from the 
 entrance gates to the 
 docks (30) 
 
 500,000 Power to build piers with- 
 
 in the tideway of the 
 Thames near the en- 
 trances to the company’s 
 docks, such piers not to 
 project more than 30 feet 
 from the bank of the 
 river nor to injure the 
 navigation of the river 
 (7). The limits of the 
 power of the dock master 
 to be those prescribed in 
 section 126 of 9 Geo. IV., 
 cap. CXvl., and an ad- 
 ditional space to the 
 south-eastward of the 
 Shadwell new entrance; 
 such space to be bounded 
 on the north-west by the 
 high-water shore of the 
 Thames for 300 feet 
 measured from the point 
 where the centre line of 
 the entrance lock inter- 
 sects the present shore 
 line, on the north-east 
 by a line extending from 
 the limit of the north- 
 western boundary and at 
 right angles to it for a 
 length of 600 feet, on 
 the south-east by a line 
 drawn from the eastern 
 extremity of the north- 
 eastern boundary in a 
 direct line to the south- 
 eastern limit of the 
 boundary line of the 
 Shadwell old entrance 
 as determined by the 
 above-mentioned Act, 
 and on the south-west 
 by the said boundary 
 line (56) 
 
London Dock Companies—continued. 
 
 Table 1—continued. 
 
 17 
 
 LL a SSS 
 Powers granted as to 
 
 Navigation, 
 
 Shipping. 
 8 
 
 Commerce. 
 9 
 
 eeeane 
 
 (18) 
 
 Power to assign rates as | Power to scour the bed of 
 
 security on loans (34) 
 
 the river and preserve 
 the depths at the en- 
 trances of the docks (7). 
 Company to lay down 
 buoys, dolphins, &c., in 
 the Thames near the 
 entrances to the docks 
 (26) 
 
 shipping entering the 
 dock (42) 
 
 shipping entering the 
 docks (42) 
 
 Power. of dock master to 
 
 order the removal of 
 lighters or vessels out of 
 the docks (48-9). Power 
 to detain vessels until 
 expenses are paid (53) 
 
 Power to take rates on| Power to take rates on 
 
 certain goods entering 
 the company’s premises 
 (43) Power to take 
 rates for the use of 
 cranes, weighing ma- 
 chines, &c. (44) 
 
 Power to scour and deepen | Power to take rates on| Power to take rates on 
 the bed of the river at 
 the entrance to the docks 
 
 certain goods entering 
 the company’s premises, 
 and also for the use of 
 cranes, weighing ma- 
 chines, &c. (42) 
 
 Power of dock master to 
 
 order removal of com- 
 bustibles when neces- 
 sary(51). Powerto enter 
 goods at the Custom 
 House when owners of 
 goods refuse or neglect 
 to do so within 48 hours 
 of the vessel being re- 
 ported at the Custom 
 House (55) 
 
18 Synopsis of the Powers granted to the 
 
 rene aa eaaeaaaaaaaacaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaacaaaammaamcacaal 
 
 Name 
 
 ital 
 of Date of Act. Works authorised. ee: 
 Company. River Thames. 
 i 2 8 4 5 
 
 £ 
 Victoria 16 and 17 |Alterationof works previously authorised, |.. 666,000 | Power of .the. dockmaster 
 
 Docks Vict., cap. | and construction of additional docks, to extend yards into the 
 CXXXl. with cuts, entrances and other works Thames from the en- 
 [1853] on the east side of the dock authorised trances into the docks 
 
 . || 3) | (46) 
 
 Conversion of eastern cut between the 
 dock and entrance into docks, ponds 
 and other works (23) 
 
 Construction of timber ponds, basins, 
 slips, graving docks, wharves, quays, 
 tramways, warehouses and _ other 
 works (28) 
 
 Purchase of lands and buildings called 
 the Steelyard Estate for use as ware- 
 houses (31) 
 
 Grand Sur-|18 and 19 Construction of a canal and branches in 302,100 | Power of the dockmaster 
 rey Canal} Vict., cap.| Rotherhithe, Deptford and Camber- in the Thames to extend 
 and Docks | cxxxiv. well, and a basin with an entrance to within a radius of 150 
 
 [1855 ] the Thames (under previous Acts) yards from the dock 
 Purchase of land for purposes of the 199,000 entrances (91) 
 undertaking (54-56) ' 
 
 Construction of a cut, entrance, or lock 
 from the Thames to the outer dock or 
 basin of the company (61) 
 
 Widening, altering, and raising part of 
 Rotherhithe-street (61, 76) 
 
 Widening, deepening, and extending the 
 
 south-western arm of the outer dock, and 
 removing the communication between 
 the outer dock and the timber pond (61) 
 
 Construction of four docks or ponds 
 with five cuts or entrances (61) 
 
 Improvement of the communication 
 between the north-eastern arm of the 
 outer dock and the inner dock (61) 
 
 Construction of a road and bridge from 
 Lower Deptford-road to the docks (61) 
 
 Widening and improving bridge over 
 the King’s mill stream (61) 
 
 Filling-up, arching over and diverting 
 parts of the King’s mill stream (61) 
 
 Construction of embankments, wharves, 
 quays, jetties, sluices, drains, ware- 
 houses, dolphins and other works (61) 
 
 Construction of stairs in heu of Surrey 
 Canal Stairs (65) 
 
 Construction of bridges and footways 
 over the entrances, &c. (66-68) 
 
 Widening of platforms or footways over 
 the dock gates (73) 
 
 Construction of gas and water culverts 
 under the new entrance from the 
 Thames (79) 
 
 London 19 Vict., Completion of works authorised under 200,000 samy aerate linea 
 Docks | cap. i. 16 & 17 Vict., cap. evi. ( preamble) 
 [1856 ] 
 Victoria 20&21 Vict., | Construction of a cut and entrance into| 400,000 | Power of dockmaster to 
 Docks | cap. lxxxiii.| the Thames, out of the eastern cut ‘| extend into the Thames 
 [1857 | authorised, in East Ham and Wool- to a distance of 100 yards 
 wich (6) from the point at which 
 Imbanking and deepening the Thames a straight line drawn 
 near the intended entrance (6) through the centre of 
 Construction of locks, gates, bridges, the entrance lock would 
 wharves, quays, jetties, sidings, moor- intersect a straight line 
 ings and other works (6) drawn from the outer 
 Alteration of roads and sewers inter- point of one of the jet- 
 fering with works (9, 19-21) ties at the outer side of 
 Provision of main encasing the Hast the dock entrance to the 
 London Waterworks Company’s main outer point of the other 
 (22) (29) | | 
 
 Purchase of land not exceeding 3 acres 
 with buildings thereon (31) 
 
London Dock Companies—continued. 
 
 Port. 
 
 Power to purchase or hire 
 
 warehouses in the City 
 of London (31). Power to 
 give to Treasury or Cus- 
 toms security required 
 for bonded. warehouses 
 not within the walls of 
 the dock (35). Ware- 
 houses provided under 
 this Act may be used as 
 bonded warehouses if 
 licensed as such by 
 Treasury or Customs. 
 Power to make rules and 
 regulations for the man- 
 agement of their ware- 
 houses (39). Power to 
 make emigrant homes of 
 warehouses (55). Power 
 to lease undertaking to 
 certain persons for a 
 term of years (88) 
 
 Power to supply water 
 
 within a distance of 1,500 
 yards from any part of 
 the company’s premises 
 for trade purposes (131) 
 
 Power to assign the rates 
 
 as security on loans (3) 
 
 Warehouses provided un- 
 
 Treasury or 
 
 der this Act may be used 
 as bonded warehouses if 
 licensed as such by 
 Customs 
 (33). Power to lease the 
 undertaking to a joint 
 stock company, &c. (42) 
 
 Powers granted as to 
 
 Navigation. 
 
 Power to remove wrecks 
 
 at the expense of the 
 owners (96) 
 
 the Thames for the use 
 of the dock (8) 
 
 Shipping. 
 8 
 
 Power to establish vessels 
 
 for conveying goods be- 
 tween docks and ware- 
 houses (33). Power to 
 take rates on vessels 
 entering the docks (41). 
 Power to take rates for 
 the use of the graving 
 dock, slips, &e. (44) 
 
 Power of dockmaster to 
 
 order the removal of 
 light vessels from the 
 docks (95). Power to 
 take rates on vessels 
 using the docks (108 and 
 113) 
 
 Power to take water from | Power to provide vessels 
 
 for conveying goods be- 
 tween docks and ware- 
 houses (87) 
 
 Table 1—continued. 
 
 19 
 
 Commerce. 
 9 
 
 Power to cause goods to 
 
 be conveyed to and from 
 warehouses and docks 
 (36). Power to enter 
 goods at the Custom 
 House when owners of 
 goods refuse or neglect 
 to do so within 48 hours 
 of the vessel being re- 
 ported at the Custom 
 House (37). Power to 
 take rates on certain 
 goods entering the docks 
 (42). Power to take 
 rates forthe useof cranes, 
 weighing machines, &c. 
 (43). Power to detain 
 goods until charges are 
 paid or deposits on same 
 are made (51) 
 
 Power to take rates on 
 
 certain goods entering 
 the docks (109 & 111). 
 Power to take rates for 
 the use of cranes and 
 weighing machines (129) 
 
 aeneee 
 
 Power to take reasonable 
 
 rents and charges for 
 goods deposited in the 
 warehcuses provided un- 
 der th2 authority of this 
 Act (32). Power to take 
 rates on goods entering 
 the c)mpanies’ premises 
 
 (39) 
 
-20 Synopsis of the Powers granted to the 
 
 em 
 
 Name ; 
 jae Date of Act. Works authorised. ee 
 River Thames. 
 1 2 3 t 5 
 £ 
 London 21 Vict., Completion of works authorised under 300,000 iranse 
 Docks | cap. xxxv. | 16 &17 Vict., cap. evi. (preamble) | 
 [1858] | 
 Victoria 22 Vict., Completion of certain works (2) Ren es se 5 ee 
 Docks | cap. xxix. fe 
 [1859] 
 
 Commercial 4 22; Viétye| Fo “gel ee ee... «|| ae ae 
 
 Dock cap. Xxx. 
 [1859] 
 
 Commercial | 23 Vict.,cap.| Purchase of properties in parish of St.| 9 ....., | swe 
 
 Dock XE, Mary, Rotherhithe (4) 
 [1860] Diversion of a footpath from Russell- 
 street to London-street (16) 
 Purchase of lands (17) 
 | Construction of sewage culvert under 
 | one of the new entrances (22) 
 
 Grand Surrey| 23 Vict.,cap.| Purchase of land for purposes of the 99,000 | Power of dock master in 
 Canal and| Ixxiv. undertaking (22-25) _ the Thames to extend 
 Docks [1860] Construction of two docks or ponds with within a radius of 150 
 
 five cuts or entrances and of embank- yards from the entrance 
 ments, wharves, quays, sheds, sluices, to the docks (38) 
 sewers, and other works (26) 
 
 Surrey Com- | 27 Vict.,cap.| Purchase of lands for purposes of the 614,000 | Power of dock master in 
 mercial XXKE. undertaking (46-48) the Thames to extend to 
 Docks (1864) Deepening upper dock of Surrey Docks 150 yards from each 
 
 and wharfing the eastern side thereof dock entrance, such dis- 
 (53) tance to be measured in 
 
 Embanking and filling in parts of Com- each case from the point 
 mercial Docks Nos. 4 and 5, widening where the central line of 
 them on the east and deepening them the entrance lock inter- 
 (53) sects the river front of 
 
 Construction of a new entrance or lock the wing walls of the 
 between the Upper Surrey Dock and entrance (81) 
 
 Commercial Dock No. 5 (53) 
 
 Construction of new gateway between 
 Commercial Docks Nos. 3 and 4, and 
 the filling in of the existing gateway 
 (53) 
 
 Widening and deepening Commercial 
 Dock No. 3 (53) 
 
 Construction of embankments, wharves, 
 quays, ponds, basins, warehouses and 
 other works (60) 
 
 Construction of swing bridge in lieu of 
 bridge No. 2 (69) 
 
 Construction of movable bridges for foot 
 passengers over upper and lower 
 
 - entrances to Surrey Docks (70) 
 
London Dock Companies—-continued. 
 
 Table 1—continued. 
 
 21 
 
 ‘Power to make bye-laws, 
 
 rules, and regulations for 
 governing the concerns 
 of the company, and for 
 
 - regulating the conduct 
 
 of persons who enter, 
 
 * remain, or are employed 
 
 in orabout the works (90) 
 Power to supply water, 
 for trade purposes only, 
 from the Company’s pre- 
 mises to any persons 
 within a distance of 
 1,500 yards from any 
 part of the works, and 
 to take such rates as may 
 be agreed upon (118) 
 
 Powers granted as to 
 
 Navigation. | Shipping. 
 7 8 
 
 Commerce. 
 9 
 
 averse 7 i ee Eel lm ll owas 
 
 Aeiecee sp er er eke eee a 80° 0" 8018 
 
 No vessel to be moored in 
 the river within the 
 limits of the dockmaster’s 
 authority; dockmaster to 
 have power to remove 
 such vessels; vessels may, 
 however, lie at wharves 
 within those limits (81). 
 Power to raise sunken 
 vessels on default of 
 masters, and to detain 
 
 such vessels and their cargoes until expenses are 
 
 paid by owners or masters (84). Vessels not to use 
 the canal at other than the time specified, without 
 the consent of the company (89). Power to take 
 rates on vessels using the docks not exceeding those 
 specified in schedule C of this Act (101). Power to 
 take rates on vessels using the canal and passing 
 in or out of the locks communicating with the 
 
 Thames (106). Masters or persons in charge of 
 
 vessels navigating the canal to give an account of 
 
 the lading of their vessels to the proper officers 
 
 of the company (109). 
 
 Power to scour the bed 
 and shore of the river 
 and preserve the depth 
 at the entrances to the 
 docks so as to enable 
 vessels to enter (57). 
 Power to take water 
 from the Thames for 
 the use of the docks (60) 
 
 belonging to the consignee or person making default 
 on vessels entering or using the company’s premises 
 
 (111). 
 
 Power to detain and weigh |. 
 vessels and goods in case of dispute between master |, 
 and company as to weight, &c., of goods; expenses |, 
 of weighing to be paid by the party in error (110). | 
 Power to detain vessels and their cargoes for non- | 
 payment of rates, and to detain any other goods | 
 
 Power to detain goods on 
 
 account of freight or until 
 a deposit has been made 
 
 (1) 
 
 ore eee 
 
 Power to exclude danger- 
 
 ous articles from the 
 company’s works (88). 
 Power to take rates on all 
 goodsincludedin schedule 
 D of this Act, shipped, 
 landed, received, or de- 
 livered at the docks, not 
 exceeding those mention- 
 ed in the schedule, and 
 to take rates on other 
 goods not exceeding 
 those charged by other 
 dock eompanies in the 
 port of London (102, 
 104-5). Power to take 
 rates for the conveyance 
 of animals and goods on 
 the canal not exceeding 
 those specified (103-5). 
 Power to take additional 
 rates on goods remaining 
 on canal wharves more 
 than 24 hours, or to order 
 the removal of goods 
 after the expiration of 24 
 hours (107). Power to 
 detain and weigh goods 
 in case of dispute as to 
 their weight between 
 master of vessel convey- 
 ing them and the Com- 
 pany (110). Power to 
 detain goods for non- 
 payment of rates; pay- 
 ment to be recoverable 
 by distress if not made 
 within five days of seizure 
 (111). Power to take 
 reasonable rates for the 
 use of warehouses, cranes, 
 and weighing and measur- 
 ing machines (116). 
 
22 Synopsis of the Powers granted to the 
 EE cael 
 
 Name Capital 
 
 of Date of Act. Works authorised, ei avisad, 
 Company. River Thames. 
 
 1 2 3 4 5 
 
 £& 
 London and . |. 27. &28 Vict.,| Construction of opening or gatewayfrom |... 570,000 | 9 a. A 
 St. Katha- | cap.clxxviii.| Old Gravel-lane into the dock premises 
 rine Docks | [1864] (25) 
 A. ees Purchase of land for purposes of the |. 
 undertaking (95) 
 
 Completion of works of the three amal- 
 gamated companies (98) 
 
Londen Dock Companies—continued. 
 
 Table 1—continwe. 
 
 Port. 
 
 Power to make bye-laws 
 for managing the con- 
 cerns of the company 
 (113). Power to agree 
 with the Great Eastern, 
 London and North West- 
 ern, North London, Great 
 Northern, Midland and 
 Great Western Railway 
 Companies, as to the 
 use by the railway com- 
 panies, of the dock com- 
 pany’s works, the above 
 railway companies to use 
 the railways, tramways, 
 and other conveniences 
 of the London and Vic- 
 toria Docks free of charge 
 but subject to the dock 
 company’s rules and 
 regulations ; space to be 
 provided for these rail- 
 way companies (except 
 the Great Eastern) for 
 erection of offices, &c., at 
 the Victoria Docks(146-7) 
 
 Powers granted as to 
 
 Navigation. : Shipping. 
 8 
 
 Commerce. - 
 9 
 
 ae AP Power of dockmaster to 
 direct the dismantling, 
 &c., of vessels entering 
 
 the docks in order to 
 avoid damage to the shipping or to the company’s 
 premises; to fix the amount of ballast requisite to be 
 taken on board; to give directions as to mooring of 
 vessels to buoys, &c., and to regulate the equipment, 
 rigging, and lading of all vessels in the docks (100). 
 Power of dockmaster to require by notice in writing 
 to the owner, the removal of any lighter or craft at 
 any time after 24 hours from its entry into the docks, 
 and if any such lighter or craft is not removed with- 
 in 24 hours after such notice, the dockmaster may 
 remove it, at the owner’s or master’s expense (102). 
 Power to prevent vessels breaking bulk until the 
 cargo is entered at the Custom House, provided the 
 consent of the principal revenue officer on duty at 
 the docks is obtained (118). Power to employ per- 
 sons to discharge or load vessels at the expense of 
 the owners or consignees when inconvenience or un- 
 necessary delay in their discharge occurs from the 
 inadequacy or improper conduct of the persons em- 
 ployed by the owners, masters, &c.; masters to clear 
 the decks of vessels of any impediment to the deliy- 
 ery (119). No vessel, except those using the docks, 
 to lie at the buoys, &c., of the company in the 
 Thames, except with the special permission of one 
 of the dockmasters (122). Power to purchase, build, 
 and maintain or hire vessels for conveying goods 
 between or to or from the company’s docks and 
 warehouses (131). Power to take for every lighter, 
 &c., using the docks, a reasonable rate, rent or sum 
 not exceeding that charged for vessels trading coast- 
 wise (132). Power to take reasonable rates for ves- 
 sels using company’s graving dock, patent slips, 
 egridirons, &c. (137). Power to remit rates in 
 respect of any vessels shown to the company’s satis- 
 faction to have been wrecked, provided the claim is 
 made within such time as the company think reason- 
 able (140). Power to detain vessels until rates on 
 them are paid (141) 
 
 Power of dockmaster to 
 
 order the removal of 
 combustibles when ne- 
 cessary (103). Power 
 to give certificates of 
 deposited goods and war- 
 rants for delivery of 
 goods (106). Power to 
 cause a warehousing 
 entry to be made for 
 goods when obstruction 
 of business is occasioned 
 by the failure of the 
 owner or consignee to 
 enter them within 48 
 hours after the cargo has 
 been reported at the Cus- 
 tom House; expenses con- 
 nected with such entry 
 to be recoverable from 
 owner or consignee (111), 
 Power to examine goods 
 on board vessels in the 
 docks at the request of 
 the master, owner, or con- 
 signeein order to ascertain 
 damages occasioned to 
 such goods by improper 
 stowage or otherwise 
 (127). Power to cause 
 goods to be conveyed 
 from one warehouse to 
 another, eitherin thecom- 
 pany’s premises or else- 
 where (129). Power to 
 make reasonable charges 
 for the conveyance of goods 
 between or to or from the 
 company’s docks and 
 warehouses (131). Power 
 to take reasonable rates, 
 rents or sums on animals 
 or goods for wharfage, 
 unshipping, landing, re- 
 landing, piling, housing, 
 weighing, coopering, sam- 
 pling, unpiling, unhous- 
 ing, watching, shipping, 
 loading and delivery of 
 such goods and for other 
 work to be performed in 
 respect of them, pro- 
 vided that the import 
 and export rates shall not 
 exceed those specified in 
 schedule 6 of this Act 
 (134-5). Power to remit 
 rates in respect of goods 
 shown to the company’s 
 
 satisfaction to have been wrecked, spoiled, damaged, 
 or lessened in value from long stowage, provided the 
 claim is made within such time as the company think 
 reasonable (140). Power to detain and sell goods in 
 default of payment of rates within certain periods 
 after paying the customs and inland revenue duties 
 thereon, and to defray freight, rates and expenses out 
 of proceeds (142-5). Power to agree with the Great 
 Eastern, London and North Western, North London, 
 Great Northern, Midland, and Great Western Rail- 
 way Companies as to charges tc be made for railway 
 traffic using the docks, the making of through rates, 
 and the facilities to be afforded to such traffic (146). 
 
graving docks, wharves, warehouses, 
 rails, buoys, moorings, cranes, and 
 other works (3, 4) 
 
 Alteration of line and levels of Hast 
 Ham Hall manorway and Woolwich 
 manorway, and the construction of a 
 swing bridge over the new dock (8) 
 
 Embankment and deepening of the 
 Thames (4) 
 
 Construction of line of railway and 
 tunnel in substitution of Great Hastern 
 line taken up for dock purposes, and 
 of swing bridge carrying road and rail 
 over new dock (6) 
 
 Construction of new road across Vic- 
 toria Dock estate (7) 
 
 Construction of works for supplying 
 docks with water (14) 
 
 24 Synopsis of the Powers granted to the 
 Saye Date of Act Works authorised. Capital q 
 1 . 
 Company. er River Thames. 
 1 2 3 & 5 
 & 
 
 Millwall 27 & 28 Vitc || Appropriation of lands for purposes of 680,000 | Power of the canal master 
 Dock cap. ccly. the undertaking (19) appointed by the com- 
 Company [1864] Construction of works: a canal from the pany to extend to all 
 
 south of the entrance to Millwall Docks parts of the Thames 
 to the north of Cubitt-town pier, with within 100 yards from 
 one or more entrances from the the centre of the gate of 
 Thames; a canal from this canal to the entrance from the 
 the southern side of the timber dock ; river; but not so as to 
 piers, graving docks, sluices, tram- interfere with the powers 
 ways, wharves, keys and other works of the Conservators of 
 (23-24) of the Thames within 
 Deviation of roads and footways inter- those limits (69-70) 
 fering with docks, construction of 
 bridges, &c. (24, 42-5) 
 Construction of works for the drainage 
 of the company’s and adjoining lands 
 (24) 
 East and 28 Vict., Adding to and improving works (pre- Sa0/000 “AReen ett mene 
 West India| cap. xxx. amble) 
 Docks [1865 ] 
 Millwall 29 & 30 Vict.,| Completion and alteration of works Go0,000 sienna ee 
 Docks | cap.cccxxili.| authorised by 27 & 28 Vict., cap. cclv. 
 [1866] (preamble) 
 Millwall 33 & 34 Vict.,| Construction of the partof the Millwall} wn... fae 
 Docks} cap. xx. Extension Railway passing through 
 [1870] the Dock premises (9) 
 East and 37 & 38 Vic., | Construction of slips and graving docks, 475,000 a AReeieerees cucu 
 West India| cap. lix. and provision of increased accommoda- 
 Docks [1874] tion for the shipping interest (pre- 
 amble) 
 London | 38 &39Vict.,) Construction of a dock in extension| ..,.. Powers of company 
 and St. cap. cliii. eastwards of the Victoria Dock with to be 
 Katharine [1875] an entrance and lock, and two piers or 
 Docks. jetties, and all necessary locks, gates, . Power to embank the 
 
 Thames near the dock 
 and works (4) 
 
 Power of harbour-master 
 appointed by the com- 
 pany to extend into the 
 River Thames to a dis- 
 tance of 300 yards from 
 the company’s works on 
 the river (13) 
 
London Docks Companies—continued. 
 
 Port. 
 
 Power to maintain, regu- 
 late, work and improve 
 the canals and works 
 (62). Power to appro- 
 priate parts of canals 
 and works for the accom- 
 modation of particular 
 trades (64). Power to 
 grant licences for the 
 occupation and use of 
 the company’s wharves, 
 
 Powers granted as to 
 
 Navigation. Shipping. 
 8 
 
 Table 1—continued. 
 
 25 
 
 Commerce. 
 
 Power to scour and deepen | Power to limit time during | Power to remove goods, 
 
 the bed or shore of the 
 Thames and preserve the 
 depth at the entrances 
 to the docks (33). 
 
 which vessels may re- 
 main in canals, &c., or 
 within the limits of the 
 authority of the canal 
 master (65). Power to 
 
 take reasonable sums as 
 tonnage rates, according to the tonnage or burden 
 of the vessels, in respect of all vessels using the 
 company’s canals, basins, cuts or entrances (76). 
 Power to compound with masters or owners of 
 vessels for tonnage rates, such compounding rates 
 
 &c., causing obstructions 
 on the quays, wharves 
 and other works of the 
 company, and to detain 
 such goods, é&., until 
 expenses of removal and 
 detention are paid; pay- 
 ment to be recoverable 
 by distress if not made 
 in seven days or if the 
 owner of the goods can- 
 
 quays, warehouses, build- 
 
 ings, yards, &c. (73).| not to be preferential (80-1). 
 Power to lease the| sonable rates on vessels using the 
 wharves, quays, ware-| graving docks, patent slips, &. (82) 
 
 Power to take rea- 
 company’s 
 
 not be found (66). Power 
 to grant licences for the 
 deposit of animals, goods, 
 &ec., on any of the com- 
 
 houses and buildings of 
 the company for any 
 period for purposes con- 
 nected with the com- 
 pany’s undertaking (74) 
 
 SOU) er 0060 ECS 
 
 eevee ff a #0 s0-¢ 
 
 Power to lease any graving 
 dock or dry dock be- 
 longing to the company 
 for any term not exceed- 
 ing 21 years (10) 
 Powers of dockmaster in 
 relation to graving docks 
 Pe pee tae same os. his |\—aae 
 powers in relation to wet docks set out in 1 & 2 
 Will. IV., cap. lii. (14). Power to lease slips, dry 
 docks, graving docks and other works for any term 
 of years (16) 
 
 een eee 
 
 pany’s wharves, quays, 
 yards or lands (73). Power to take reasonable sums 
 as wharfage rates on animals, goods, &c., shipped, 
 unshipped, transhipped, received or delivered at or 
 from or on the company’s works, not exceeding the 
 wharfage rates at the London and St. Katharine 
 Docks (78). Power to compound with owner, con- 
 signor or consignee of goods for wharfage rates, such 
 compounding rates not to be preferential (80-1). 
 Power to take reasonable rates on goods for shipping, 
 unshipping, transhipping, landing, relanding, housing, 
 unhousing, weighing, coopering, sampling, piling, 
 unpiling, loading, unloading, receiving, delivering, 
 repairing, protecting and watching such goods, and 
 for any other services performed in respect to them 
 (83). Power to detain and sell goods in default of 
 payment of rates within certain periods after paying 
 customs and inland revenue duties thereon, and to 
 defray duties, freight, rates and expenses out of 
 
 proceeds (86-7) 
 
 Power to take reasonable 
 
 ose eee 
 aeeeee 
 
 euemeree I iw Byars ae: 
 
 Wesewe OO 
 
 rates in respect of all 
 SUES Lay COLE CeCe Os er 
 using any graving docks which may hereafter be 
 constructed (13). Provisions as to recovery of 
 rates on vessels using the graving docks of the 
 company from persons eluding the payment of such 
 rates, to be the same as set out in 1 & 2 Will. IV., 
 cap. lii., section 77 (14). 
 
 in relation to the Royal Albert Dock, as to taking of rates on lighters and goods and all other purposes, 
 the same as set out in 27 and 28 Vic., cap, elxxviil., subject to the provisions of this Act (12) 
 
 Power to take water from 
 the Thames for the dock 
 and works (14). Power 
 
 Company to maintain tun- 
 nel and covered way 
 in connection with the 
 
 eae ee ee eo are 
 
 Great Hastern Railway 
 Company’s line in the 
 dock premises, to main- 
 tain in good working 
 order to the satisfaction 
 of the above railway 
 company that portion of 
 its line transferred to 
 the dock company, and 
 to set aside or allow the 
 
 to scour, dredge, and 
 deepen the bed or shore 
 of the Thames near the 
 dock and works, with the 
 consent of the Conserva- 
 tors, in order to improve 
 the access to the dock 
 
 (15) 
 
 railway company to lay down free of charge sidings 
 
 for the purposes of the dock traffic (6). Provisions 
 as to the management and control of the Manor 
 Way swing bridge (25). Company to maintain 
 certain works in connection with the water mains of 
 the East London Waterworks Company in the dock 
 premises (28) 
 
26 Synopsis of the Powers granted to the 
 
 Name : Sat 
 of Date of Act. Works authorised. Capita 
 Company. Authorised. 
 
 River Thames. 
 3 4 5 
 
 £ 
 London | 41 Vict., cap | Completion of works authorised under} 800,000 | wesw 
 
 and St. Xxil. 38 & 39 Vict., cap. clii., and other 
 Katharine [1878] purposes of the undertaking (preamble) 
 Docks 
 Millwall 42 & 43 Vict.,| Completion of works previously author- 120,000. 20 a eee 
 Docks | cap. Ixvii. ised (preamble) 
 [1879] Purchase of lands, &c., in addition to 
 
 those already held not exceeding in 
 the whole 35 acres (14) 
 
 East and 42 &43 Vict.,| Provision of increased accommodation 750,000 ieee area 
 West India | cap. clxix. for the shipping interest (preamble) 
 Docks [1879] Purchase of certain lands and buildings 
 
 in the City of London and the parish 
 of Poplar (4) 
 
 London 45 Vict., Completion of works authorisea under 800,000 =e aReieeen: 9 0 eee 
 
 and St. cap. li. 38 & 39 Vict., cap. cliii. (preamble) 
 Katharine [1882] 
 Docks 
 Millwall 45 Vict., | Development of the undertaking (pre-| 383,300 | see. : 
 Docks | cap. xxxvi. | amble) 
 
 [1882] | Purchase of certain lands in Poplar (13) 
 
 East and 45 & 46 Vict.| Construction of docks, &c., at Tilbury ;| 1,000,000 | The powers of the company 
 
 West India cap. xc. one main dock, three branch docks, a 
 
 Docks [1882] coaling dock, a lock, a tidal basin with Power to appropriate soil 
 an entrance into the Thames, a river and material dredged 
 wall, and two piers (5) from time to time from 
 Deviation of main sewer in Little the Thames (12). Juris- 
 Thurrock (5) diction of dockmaster 
 Construction of locks, gates, bridges, in the river Thames to 
 wharves, quays, rails, sidings, ware- extend to 250 yards from 
 houses, buoys, moorings and other the southernmost points 
 works (6) of each of the two piers 
 Construction of works to supply Tilbury at the sides of the en- 
 
 Docks with water (11) trance of the dock (380) 
 
 Purchase of lands for works (13) 
 
London Dock Companies—continucd. 
 
 Table 1—continued. 
 
 27 
 
 Powers granted as to 
 
 Navigation. 
 7 
 
 capes « = 1 em ere'e ce. 6 
 
 Power to make agreements 
 from time to time with 
 the Hast an] West India 
 and London and St. 
 Katharine Dock Com- 
 panies with reference to 
 the interchange and ac- 
 commodation of traffic 
 entering and leaving or 
 destined for the docks of 
 the respective companies 
 
 (18) 
 
 Same 8 8 =6—6«« e060 ee Clee 
 
 Power to maintain as a 
 double line the rail- 
 way between the North 
 Woolwich branch of the 
 Great Eastern Railway and Gallions Reach, together 
 with stations and works, to lay down additional lines 
 and construct additional works, and to use the 
 railway for the conveyance of passengers, passengers’ 
 luggage, and small parcels (14-5, 19, 21). Power 
 to take tolls not exceeding those specified for the 
 use of the railway and for the use of engines for 
 propelling carriages (16-7). Company to run cheap 
 trains for the labouring classes (23). Power to 
 enter into agreement with the Great LHastern 
 Railway Company as to traffic arrangements and 
 the collection and appropriation of tolls, &c. (26) 
 
 ereoee 
 
 eatee eee fF | ~~~. — ‘ea cm¢ 
 
 Shipping. 
 8 
 
 Commerce. 
 9 
 
 eee nee 
 
 Power of dockmaster to 
 
 place men on board of 
 vessels in the company’s 
 premises that are adrift 
 or not properly secured 
 at the owner’s expense 
 
 (23) 
 
 oeaeee 
 
 eee eee 
 
 . toms 
 
 If goods liable to duties, 
 
 rates, &c., have been 
 removed from the com- 
 pany’s premises without 
 payment, the company 
 may, after paying cus- 
 duties, distrain 
 other goods in its pre- 
 mises belonging to the 
 person liable, sell the 
 goods so distrained and 
 defray rates and duties 
 out of the proceeds (22) 
 
 Power to take fares on 
 
 passengers and rates on 
 small parcels conveyed 
 on the railway, not ex- 
 ceeding those specified ; 
 such fares to apply to 
 ordinary and express 
 trains but not to special 
 
 trains (16, 19, 22, 27). 
 
 oreeae 
 
 under previous Acts to apply| to the Tilbwry Dock subject |to the provisions of this Act |(4) 
 
 ae with water from the 
 
 Thames, &c. (11) 
 
 Power to supply docks | Tonnage dues on barges, 
 
 lighters, &c., not to 
 exceed the rate, rent or 
 sum charged in respect 
 of vessels trading coast- 
 wise (26). Power totake 
 reasonable rates for the 
 use of the graving docks 
 (28) 
 
 Power to take rates, rents 
 
 or sums on animals and 
 goods not exceeding 
 those specified in Parts II. 
 and III. of the schedule 
 of this Act, for wharfage, 
 unshipping, landing, re- 
 landing, piling, housing, 
 weighing, coopering, 
 sampling, unpiling, un- 
 housing, watching, ship- 
 ping, loading and de- 
 livering of such animals 
 or goods, and for other 
 work to be performed in 
 respect of them (27) 
 
28 Synopsis of the Powers granted to the 
 
 Name Capital 
 
 of Date of Act. Works authorised. We orised: 
 Company. River Thames, 
 ] 2 3 4 5 
 £& 
 Basted West | 46 Vict caps |i) okt ae, canes er ee nec 4, MPM Nish 
 India Docks Xxx1x, 
 [1883] 
 London 47 Vict.,cap. | Construction of additional entrance to| —...... Power to build piers in the 
 and St. xv. [1884] } Royal Albert Dock with two piers or Thames near the en- 
 Katharine jetties, and of gates, sluices, quays, trance to the docks (4). 
 Docks tramways, wharves, warehouses, jet- Power of harbour-master 
 ties, mooring posts, and other works appointed by the com- 
 (4, 5). Construction of two sewage pany to extend into the 
 culverts under the entrance (20) River Thames to a dis- 
 tance of 300 yards from | 
 the company’s works on 
 the river (25) 
 Kast & West | 49 Vict., Completion of Tilbury Docks and pro-| 1,000,000 | ...... 
 India Docks} cap. xxvi. vision of warehouses, quays, sheds, and 
 [1886] other accommodation (preamble) 
 Millwall 50 Vict., Development of the undertaking (pre- 200,000 {) ee er coe 
 Docks | cap. xxvil. | amble) 
 [1887 } 
 
 London & 51 & 52 Vict.|, Completion of works in the London 200,000 . eater coe 
 India Docks} cap. cxliii. | and St. Katharine Docks previously 
 [1888] authorised (4) 
 
London Dock Companies—continwed. 
 
 aie 
 
 Port. 
 6 
 
 Confirmation of an agree- 
 ment between the London, 
 Tilbury and Southend 
 Railway Company and 
 the Hast and West India 
 Dock Company, by which 
 the railway company 
 allow the dock company 
 to take a supply of water 
 from their premises for 
 the use of the dock com- 
 pany (2). Power to con- 
 struct and maintain 
 mains, pipes, and other 
 works necessary for sup- 
 plying the water (3). 
 Power to make bye-laws 
 with respect to the ser- 
 vice and supply of water 
 to the shipping (5). 
 Power to supply water 
 to houses on dock lands, 
 and to houses within the 
 area of supply of the 
 South Essex Water- 
 works Company with the 
 consent of that company 
 Ci): 
 
 Power to make and main- 
 tain a second entrance 
 to the dock from the 
 Thames at  Gallions 
 Reach, two piers near 
 the entrance, and all 
 the necessary gates, 
 quays, wharves, ware- 
 houses, buoys, and other 
 works in _ connection 
 with such entrance 
 
 Power to provide and 
 
 maintain hotels (16) 
 
 The powers and duties of 
 the two companies under 
 all Acts relating to the 
 maintenance and man- 
 agement of the undertak- 
 ings, the appointment of 
 the officers and servants 
 necessary for such man- 
 agement, the execution of 
 works and the supply of 
 working plantandrolling 
 stock, to be vested in 
 the Joint Committee (31) 
 
 Powers granted as to 
 
 Navigation. 
 7 
 
 Power to lay down buoys, 
 
 dolphins, &., in the 
 Thames near the en- 
 trance to the Docks (5). 
 Power to take water 
 from the Thames for the 
 dock and works (23). 
 Power to scour, dredge, 
 and deepen the bed or 
 shore of the Thames 
 near the dock and works, 
 with the consent of the 
 Conservators, in order 
 to improve the access to 
 the dock (24) 
 
 oeoere 
 
 eresee 
 
 Shipping. 
 8 
 
 Power to supply water to 
 
 the shipping in the docks 
 at a reasonable rate (4) 
 
 eer ero 
 
 the London and St. 
 Katharine and East and 
 West India Dock Com- 
 panies relating to the 
 fixing, collecting, and 
 enforcing payment of 
 rates and charges on 
 shipping to be vested in 
 the Joint Committee (31) 
 Power to take in respect 
 of any vessel using any 
 of the docks, &c., under 
 the management of the 
 Joint Committee a rea- 
 sonable rate, rent or sum 
 for every ton according 
 to the registered tonnage 
 of the vessel, not exceed- 
 ing the rates, &c., speci- 
 fied in part 1 of the 
 schedule to 45 & 46 
 Vict., cap. xc. (57) 
 
 Table 1—continued. 
 
 29 
 
 Commerce. 
 
 The powers and duties of | The powers and duties of 
 
 the London and _ St. 
 Katharine and Kast and 
 West India Dock Com- 
 panies relating to the 
 fixing, collecting and 
 enforcing payment of 
 rates and charges on 
 goods to be vested in the 
 Joint Committee (31) 
 
30 Synopsis of the Powers granted to the 
 
 Name aR 
 F of Date of Act. Works authorised. ee =A 
 gies River Thames. 
 1 2 3 4 5 
 
 £ 
 Surrey Com- | 57 &58 Vict.,) Alteration and extension of Greenland 375,000 | Power of dockmaster in 
 
 mercial cap. Ixvli. Dock, and construction of new lock the Thames to extend 
 Docks (1894 ] and entrance thereto, and of passage to 150 yards from each 
 to Canada Dock (4) dock entrance, such dis- 
 Extension of Russia Dock, and construc- tance to be measured in 
 tion of communication passage to each case from the point 
 Greenland Dock (4) where the central line of 
 Construction of new canal locks and the entrance lock inter- 
 entrance from Greenland Dock to sects the river front of 
 Surrey Canal, and the formation of a the wing walls of the 
 basin by widening the canal (4) entrance (33) 
 
 Shortening at the southern ends thereof 
 of the Canada and Quebec ponds (4) 
 Construction of new road and sewer, 
 and raising and altering the levels of 
 
 Swing-bridge-road (4) 
 
 Diversion of footpath crossing Greenland 
 entrance lock (4) 
 
 Construction of new road from the junc- 
 tion of Grove-street with London-road 
 to the junction of Yeoman-street with 
 Plough-road (4) 
 
 Construction of embankments, quays, 
 jetties, warehouses, landing places, 
 buoys, slips and other works (4) 
 
 Purchase of additional lands (24) 
 
 5 
 De tas 
 
Table 1—continued. 
 
 London Dock Companies—continued. 31 
 
 Powers granted as to 
 
 Port. Navigation. Shipping. Commerce. 
 6 7 8 9 
 
 ci Power to scour the bed ecards 
 
 and shore of the river 
 and preserve the depth 
 at the entrances to the 
 docks so as to enable 
 vessels to enter (10). 
 Power. to take water 
 from the Thames for the 
 use of the docks (11). 
 
™M 
 = 
 bd ed <i 
 
 Lon 
 
 Nntddadasd’ 
 
 West 
 
 ee 
 a 
 
 RRaAWe 
 
 Kast I 
 
 de 
 
 T 
 Regent 
 Millwa, 
 
 M 
 
 O 
 Poplar 
 Midlan 
 Surrey 
 
 Si 
 
 G 
 
 N 
 
 L 
 
 QHeQrQOrn 
 
Name of Dock. 
 
 St. Katharine Docks :— 
 West Dock 
 East Dock 
 Basin 
 London Docks :— 
 Western Dock 
 Wapping Basin 
 Basin 
 Eastern Dock 
 Shadwell Old Basin 
 Shadwell New Basin 
 West India Docks :— 
 Import 
 Tixporte.... — 
 Blackwall Basin .. 
 Limehouse Basin... 
 Junction Dock 
 South Dock Be 
 South Dock Basin 
 East India Docks :— 
 Import 
 Export 
 Basin =e 
 Royal Victoria Dock 
 Royal Albert Dock 
 Tilbury Docks :-— 
 Main Branch 
 Central Branch 
 Eastern Branch ... 
 Western Branch ... 
 Tidal Basin ee 
 Regent’s Canal Dock ... 
 Millwall Dock :— 
 Main 
 Outer 
 
 Poplar Dock (North London Railway)... 
 
 Midland Railway Dock 
 Surrey Commercial Docks :— 
 South Dock oe 
 Greenland Dock ... 
 Norway Dock 
 Lady Dock 
 Acorn Pond 
 Lavender Pond 
 Stave Dock 
 Russia Dock 
 Surrey Basin 
 Island Dock 
 Globe Dock 
 Albion Dock 
 Canada Dock 
 Canada Pond 
 Quebec Pond 
 Centre Pond 
 
 32 
 
 Table 2. 
 Water Area (approximate) of the Docks of London in certain years from their inception to the present time. 
 (Compiled from Admiralty Dock Book, 1900, Lloyd’s Register of British and Foreign Shipping, and miscellaneous sources.) 
 Area in the Year 
 1802 1811 1821 | 1831 | 1841 1851 1861 1871 1881 | 1891 | 1900 
 Acres. Acres. Acres Acres Acres. Acres. Acres. Acres. Acres Acres. Acres, 
 eo =~ — 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 
 = — — te | 4 | ft | de | te | tee | ti | et 
 ae 194 194 194 194 194 194 19+ 194 
 — Bt | Bah Str | Bg |B | Bee | By 
 = ea a 11 12 1 Le 1; . 40 40 
 — _ = 6: 6: 6: 6: 6: 6: 
 a = ae aise 1! 14 14 14 14 
 oo a =: = es =r = 65 65 
 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 
 a a 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 
 3 63 63 3 63 62 62 63 62 62 
 4 4 A 
 ik i} ih 1 ik if 14 1} 14 1} ik 
 = = ~— a2 — a — i i 1 1 
 i i = = aa = = 263 262 268 263 
 = = a ee = — — bt bt bt df 
 — 173 174 174 17+ 173 17+ 174 174 174 17+ 
 a 8 8° 8 8. 8. 8° 8 8° 8° 8° 
 — 3 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 
 a= — — — = — 90 90 90 90 90 
 = as ee a me — — — 87 87 87 
 ay = == ae = = a — — 23 23 
 eth eso ae — a — — — ~ 11 iia 
 - — -- - - ~ -- O of 
 = a ~ = =: 2 = - 94 0} 
 _ z; - ae s a — = = 174 19 
 — = 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 
 = es = - = = = 354 854 353 354 
 a a = = = = 74 7h 74 74 74 
 — — — = = — = 53 53 53. 53 
 = = 82 82 82 83 82 82 82 si 83 
 a ed 375 375 375 37°5 370 B75 370 375 325 
 = = 8h gh 8h gi 8h 84 8h 84 gi 
 es = 7A : : ; 
 Ee a ae ; 364, 3645 36215 3675 3675 3625 3675 8675 
 — — 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 
 — — 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 
 = — == = a= 9,3. 9.3 9.3. 3. 93. 93. 
 a : 3h 31 8h 34 31 3h 3h 34 31 
 = = sos —< ate me 54 54 54 54 54 
 = = a —- == se 113 113 ‘ae 11} 11} 
 ~*~ = = a a ae 15.8, 1553, 15,3, 15,3, 158, 
 - - - — — - 7 7 7 74 7k 
 — — — = aa ares 1355 1855 1335 1355 1375 
 < a se = = = 11,%, 11,8, 112, Tice 112, 
 621 1133 178} 293% 2254 2281 3908 471} 5578 6294 631 
 
ipping. 
 
 YEAR. 
 
 Tonnage. 
 
 Table 3. 
 
 Source of Information. 
 
 il 11 
 
 1798 
 99 
 
 1800-15 
 1816 
 EG 
 18 
 19 
 
 ae 
 
 fe 
 
 —_ oe 
 
 Port of London Committee, 1799, 
 Second Report. Appendix (pp. 
 490—506). 
 
 Parliamentary Paper No. 656 of 1851. 
 —‘‘ Vessels and Tonnage, &c.” 
 
 ae . a= ~ _ 
 
33 
 
 Shipping entered at the Port of London. 
 
 Table 3. 
 
 ee aaa, 
 
 With Cargoes. 
 Total Shipping. 
 
 In Ballast. 
 YEAR. Foreign Trade. Constwise: TOTAL. Source of Information. 
 Number. Tonnage. Number, Tonnage. Number. Tonnage. Number. Tonnage. Number. | Tonnage. 
 1 2 ee a iste | G eo se 9 ape 10 Oa | im ae 
 1798 8,420 627,087 10,188 1,250,449 18,558 1,877,586 ) Port of London Committee, 1799, 
 99 8,414 673,473 11,163 1,411,878 14,577 2,085,351 | rf pian Appendix (pp. 
 1800-15 Information! not available. | 
 1816 3,119 629,050 
 yi 4,102 772,030 } : e rap 56 of 1851. 
 18 6,281 1,022,913 | ( Information | not available | Bese e Bae Sete as 
 19 4,379 820,527 a 
 1820 4,210 777,858 Ly Informati ral Port of London Committee Report, 
 ) i nformation njot available | 1886. Appendix (p. 280). 
 21 8,571 675,067 
 22 3,827 709,266 
 23 3,896 778,156 
 24 4,775 871,204 | | 
 | “mati valli | | Parliamentary Paper No. 656 of 1851. 
 25 5,732 1,060,687 Information | not available | | dappieeneat a ete 
 26 5,081 890,280 | Vessels and Tonnage, &c. 
 27 5,546 990,110 
 28 5,887 963,141 
 29 5,408 999,675 |, | 
 1830 5,178 951,729 19,057 2,436,701 24,235 3,388,430 Information |nct available | | Port of London Committee Report, 
 1836. Appendix (p. 280). 
 31 5,697 1,050,147 
 32 4,160 794,565 : : | | ( Parliamentary Paper, No. 656 of 1851 
 33 4,482 854,172 =I Information |not available ( —< Vessels and Tonnage, &e.” 
 34 5,066 951,756 
 35 4,837 929,148 20,471 2,764,982 25,308 3,694,130 | Port of London Committee Report, 
 1836. Appendix (p. 230.) 
 36 5,310 1,027,921 20,765 2,810,878 26,075 3,838,799 | 4 
 37 5,626 1,061,923 21,322 9,911,736 26,948 8,973,659 | | | 
 38 6,093 P11 827 21,592 2,908,176 27,685 4,080,003 \ Parliamentary Paper, No. 70 of 1846 
 39 7,255 1,346,030 21,112 2,828,701 28,367 4,174,781 | —*‘ Port of London.” 
 1840 6,768 1,289,116 21,619 2,850,818 28,387 4,189,929 | | / 
 41 6,641 1,316,867 22,726 3,080,718 29,367 4,347,580 | | | 
 42 6,407 1,283,921 21,967 2,929,567 28,374 4,213,488 
 48 6,222 1,317,671 22,300 9,901,271 98,522 4,218,942 | 
 44 6,885 1,361,809 22,73 2,890,396 “ 29,623 4,252,205 
 45 7,562 1,502,491 24,423 3,384,126 31,985 4,886,617 | | Parliamentary Paper, No. 359 of 1852 
 46 yeaa 1,529,177 22,298 8,019,971 30,004 4,549,148 |) —** Ships.” 
 47 9,403 1,931,777 21,926 3,118,360 31,329 5,050,137 | 
 48 9,567 1,819,171 22,584 3,242,572 32,151 5,061,743 | 
 49 9,970 1,890,524 21,122 3,035,984 31,092 4,926,508 | 
 | 
 1850 9,914 1,904,948 91,755 3,250,908 31,669 5,155,856 | 
 51 10,341 2,170,322 21,008 3,122,855 31,349 5,293,177 | 
 52 Information| not available. 
 58 11,639 2,530,488 20,832 8,191,449 32,471 5,721,987 Peas pean | 
 54 10,808 2,596,784 20,328 3,155,412 31,136 5,752,196 toe ATT A he ete | 
 55 9,624 2.376,047 | 19,040 2,852,228 28,664 5,228,270 | 
 56 9,696 2,559,806 18,989 2,923,550 28,685 5,483,356 
 57 10,539 2,779,682 17,990 2,996,606 28,529 5,776,288 
 58 11,083 2,931,552 17,538 2,951,037 28, 621 5,882,589 
 59 10,694 2,802,463 18,689 3,096,055 29,383 5,898,518 
 1860 11,108 2,957,082 18,365 8,154,561 29,478 6,111,648 
 61 10,769 3,128,135 17,406 3,171,076 28,175 6,299,211 Peron ecict : ore 
 62 11,549 3,313,078 17,295 8,143,524 28,644 6,456,602 rar rear tibaammciaccitn FC. 
 63 11,521 3,411,880 17,040 3,144,187 28,/61 6,556,017 . 
 64 11,126 8,333,025 15,184 2,976,167 26,310 6,309,192 | 
 65 11,525 8,615,654 14,923 8,065,380 26,448 6,681,034 | 
 66 11,616 3,791,597 14,015 8,021,406 25,631 6,813,008 | 
 67 10,878 3,687,878 13,370 2,985,656 24,248 6,623,534 | 
 68 11,141 3,775,502 13,134 2,827,175 24,975 6,602,677 | 
 69 11,267 8,896,380 12,599 2,797,481 23,866 6,693,861 | 
 1870 10,727 4,081,263 12,793 2,849,872 23,520 6,881,135 | 
 71 10,654 4,181,059 11,763 2,667,583 22,417 6,848,642 
 72 11,347 4,272,884 11,028 2,514,794 22,375 6,787,678 
 (Ol epee | a : (2) 
 73 10,804 4,480,933 27,793 3,295,107 38,597 7,776,040 1,166 111,724 39,763 7,887,764 
 74 11,241 4,671,676 30,828 8,505,449 42,069 8,177,125 1,778 160,283 43,847 8'337'408 
 15 11,078 4,823,588 81,458 3,823,386 42,536 8,646,969 1,459 156,837 43.995 8.803.806 
 76 11.298 5,202,432 32,282 8,872,087 43,580 9,074,519 1,241 135,206 44’321 9,209,725 
 17 11,827 5,583,792 33,446 8,806,727 45,278 9,890,519 2,415 809,589 47,688 | 9,700,108 
 78 10,992 5,250,814 33,793 3,869,460 44,785 9,120,274 2,943 296,179 47,728 | 9,416,453 
 79 10,725 5,509,020 35,024 4,098,433 45,749 9,607,453 3,131 384,005 48'880 -9.991,458 
 1880 10,842 5,819,950 35,686 4,258,628 46,528 10,078,578 3,376 375,593 49904 10,454,171 
 81 10,245 5,664,761 36,323 4,836,765 46,568 10,001,526 3,150 354,421 49718 10,355,947 
 82 10,534 5,956,560 36,115 4,291,477 46,649 10,248,037 4,202 438,025 50851 10,686,062 
 83 10,615 6,447,269 37,663 4,555,499 48,278 11,002,768 4,822 437,939 53,100 11,440,707 
 84 10,409 6,591,225 37,780 4,754,817 48,189 11,845,542 4,461 449,949 52.650 11,795,491 
 | || Annual Statement igatio 
 85 10,190 6,770,622 36,717 4,978,148 46,907 11,748,770 5,478 455,091 52.385 12,203,861 ane Secs s of Navigation 
 86 9,991 6,704,792 35,448 4,892,964 45,439 11,597,756 5,172 390,371 50.611 11988127 
 87 10,145 6,757,162 38,200 5,162,765 48,845 11,919,927 4,656 387,239 53001 12,307,166 
 88 10,385 7,291,825 38,828 5,807,626 49,218 12,599,451 5,868 515,450 55.081 —-13,114,901 
 89 10,498 7,360,213 37,970 4,995,031 48,463 12,355,244 5,072 527,027 53,535 12'882:271 
 1890 10,343 7,532,174 35,833 5,075,258 45,676 12,607,427 5,275 534,028 5 | 13.141.455 
 91 9.965 7,446,776 35,590 5,189,858 45,555 12,636,634 6,077 580,312 632 13,216,946 
 92 10,106 7,672,216 37,024 5,253,483 47,130 12,925,699 6,188 638,945 53,318 13,564,644 
 93 9,841 7,660,202 38,074 5,790,777 47,915 13,450,979 7,020 498,682 54935 14949611 
 94 10,224 8,176,817 36,308 5,827,148 46,527 14,003,965 7,779 798,843 54306 (14,802,808 
 95 10,084 8,852,345 36,231 5,857,940 46,815 14,210,285 7,601 781,009 4 
 96 10,772 8,818,752 38,641 6,160,610 49,413 14,974,362 7,397 845,378 ae Bao 
 97 10,734 8,957,104 37,437 6,230,157 48,171 15,187,261 6,965 830,119 55,136 —_| |16,017,380 
 eo eT Re = Peis A SS a Ses a, Se ele ed a eee, | eee ee 
 98 (b) 11,119 9,285,980 18,854 (b) | 5,878,518 (b)| 24,473 14,664,493 2.510 (0) 622,959 | 26 (b) | 5.287.452 (0 
 99 (b) | 10,868 9,244,593 12,848 (b) | 5,488,378 (b)| 28,711 14,682,971 2,515 (b) ; 705,257 3e 206 a 389 238 + 
 
 » (@) After 1872 there is clearly an alteration in the basis adopted in the official returns as regards the trade coastwise, though no explanation appears to be giv i 
 (b) 1898 and 1899—Excluding vessels trading within the Estuary of the Thames, within the Ports of London, Rochester, avershars and Guieheeiar crave @ac.ed to be recorded in the official returns. 
 eas 
 
Table 4, 
 
 Source of Information. 
 
 Tonnage. (2) 
 il 
 
 Port of London Committee 1799, 
 Second Report. Appendix (pp. 
 490—506). 
 
 Port of London Committee 1800 
 Report. Appendix (pp. 557—9). 
 
34 
 
 Table 4, 
 Shipping cleared from the Port of London, 
 
 nnn sss... cu“ 
 
 With Cargoes. 
 a In Ballast. Total Shipping. 
 Year. Foreign Trade. Coastwise. TOTAL. Source of Information. 
 Number. Tonnage. Number. Tonnage. Number. Tonnage. Number. (a) Tonnage. (a) | Number. (a) Tonnage. (2) 
 I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ~ aT 
 1798 2,841 509,534 5,007 500,700 7,848 1,010,234 Port of London Committee 1799, 
 Information |not available pian Shee ee 
 99 2,518 521,311 4,918 491,300 7,481 1,012,611 Port of London Committee 1800 
 , Report. Appendix (pp. 557—9). 
 1800—15 Information |not available. 
 1816 3,077 618,823 
 aly 3,411 654,855 
 18 4,788 835,515 
 19 8,558 675,031 
 1820 8,188 622,244 
 21 2,811 575,454 
 22 2,715 552,511 
 23 2,983 647,218 
 24 8,629 736,425 
 25 8,676 768,802 
 26 8,635 701,654 
 27 4,017 781,972 
 28 4,112 816,868 
 29 4,638 896,597 
 1830 4,012 792,041 
 31 4,612 926,125 
 32 3,667 750,888 ( 
 38 8,784 764,160 Information |not available Parliamentary Paper, No. 656 of 
 84 4,167 827,051 1851. “ Vessels and Tonnage, &c.” 
 85 3,976 828,401 
 36 4,408 919,565 
 37 4,460 902,922 
 38 4,978 1,057,960 
 39 5,723 1,158,828 
 1840 5,480 1,151,595 
 41 5,047 1,064,662 
 42 4,569 1,002,347 
 43 4,612 1,042,833 
 44 5,225 1,108,210 
 45 5,588 1,186,366 
 46 5,796 1,238,908 
 47 6,938 1,510,934 
 48 6,133 1,344,637 
 49 6,636 1,365,346 
 1850 6,523 1,384,683 
 FE } Information |not available 
 53 4,745 1,262,748 9,286 984,484 14,031 2,947 227 4,016 744,349 18,047 2,991,576 
 54 4,805 1,841,007 8,886 934,849 18,691 2,275,856 8,369 786,412 17,060 3,062,268 
 55 4,890 1,349,542 8,488 878,182 13,878 2,227,724 2,590 599,157 15,963 2,826,881 
 56 5,221 1,533,926 9,059 976,232 14,280 2,510,158 2,162 582,644 16,442 3,092,802 
 57 5,318 1,561,221 8,726 1,026,095 14,044 2,587,816 2,528 582,668 16,572 3,169,979 
 58 5,056 1,599,283 8,548 1,016,267 13,604 2,615,550 2,565 623,367 16,169 3,238,917 
 59 5,070 1,569,904 9,091 1,076,160 14,161 2,646,064 2,940 653,352 17,101 3,299,416 
 1860 5,008 1,568,980 8,818 1,077,004 13, 821 2,645,934 8,838 725,708 17,159 SLOP AL SEY) Annual Statements of Trade and 
 61 5,596 1,643,680 8,083 1,061,365 13,679 2,705,045 2,853 784,626 16,532 3,489,671 Navigation. 
 62 5,262 1,775,753 8,147 1,060,112 13,409 2,835,865 2,914 T32c102 16,323 | 3,568,637 
 63 5,580 1,906,126 8,290 1,123,584 18,820 8,029,710 2,637 684,695 16,457 | 3,714,405 
 64 5,158 1,786,184 7,801 1,068,834 19,959 2,854,468 2,538 635,287 15,497 || 3,489,755 
 65 5,265 1,842,136 8,035 1,121,864 13800 2,964,000 2,828 785,673 16,128 3,749,673 
 66 5,292 1,914,384 7,627 1,129,958 12,919 8,044,342 2,360 679,725 15,279 | 3,724,067 
 67 5,194 1,942,201 7,755 1,180,474 12,949 8,072,675 1,999 598,954 14,948 3,666,629 
 68 5,427 2,089,758 8,173 1,181,126 18,600 8,220,879 2,148 660,699 15,748 3'881,578 
 69 5,763 2,206,306 8,781 1,152,100 14,494 8,358,406 2,417 777,634 16,911 4,136,040 J 
 1870 5,568 2,207,037 9,125 1,208,592 14,688 8,410,629 2,349 819,879 17,037 | 4,230,508 
 71 6,317 2,506,204 9,879 1,279,474 16,196 8,785,678 2,052 817,084 18248 | 4'602;762 
 72 6,033 2,560,067 10,482 1,316,741 16,515 3,876,808 2,060 741,698 18,575 |) 4,618,506 
 78 6,063 2,688,821 10,284 1,278,683 16,347 8,967,504 2,548 1,008,192 18,895 4,975,696 
 74 6,199 2,899,671 9,882 1,247,548 16,081 4,147,219 2,682 1,048,665 18°763 5,195,884 
 75 6,209 2,945,204 9,264 1,818,534 15,478 4,268,788 2,844 969,978 17,817 | 5,233,716 
 76 6,272 8,184,525 9,611 1,369,148 15,888 4,508,678 2,526 1,129,871 18,409 | 5,633,544 
 17 6,228 8,188,779 9,564 1,358,844 15,792 4,497,623 2,735 1,288,094 18527 | 5,780,717 
 78 6,156 8,174,696 9,981 1,403,918 16,137 4,578,614 2,626 1,214,368 18,763 | 5,792,982 
 79 6,115 8,272,649 9,790 1,378,058 15,905 4,650,707 2,447 1,159,272 18,352 | 5,809,979 
 1880 6,375 8,607,952 10,088 1,418,296 16,463 5,026,248 2,166 998,689 18,629 6,024,937 
 81 6,322 8,686,982 10,470 1,453,715 16,792 5,140,697 1,759 791,278 18,551 5,931,975 
 82 6,357 8,702,898 11,579 1,475,319 17,936 5,178,217 1,955 942,758 19891 | 6, 120) 970 
 838 6,814 8,853,681 13,026 1,629,699 19,840 5,483,380 1,832 956,999 91172 | 6 440, 379 
 84 6,445 4,127,045 18,894 1,757,565 19,889 5,884,610 1,616 869,788 21.455 6.754.398 
 85 6,310 4,242,837 18,312 1,769,578 19,622 6,012,415 1,586 903,645 ,208 6,916,06 Annual Statements of Navigation and 
 86 6,328 4,418,999 18,319 1,764,732 19,642 6,183,731 1,482 796,985 a1" a agers / Shipping, haa 
 87 6,834 4,320,304 14,519 1,909,200 20,853 6,229,504 1,760 963,845 29) 613 7193349 
 88 6,371 4,618,998 16,011 2,026,973 22,382 6,645,966 1,548 851,919 23, 930 | 7497 885 
 89 6,450 4,711,458 16 483 1,994,016 23,9338 6,705,474 1,579 855,162 94°512 7,560,636 
 1890 6,547 5,027,777 15,891 2,049,017 22,438 7,076,794 1.409 Pinar | on 
 91 6,259 5,004,190 15,904 2,063,203 22,168 7,067,398 1389 788869 patice | Pasq" uo 
 92 6,878 5,187,898 16,585 2,155,818 22,963 7,848,711 1,472 861,615 94.435 8,205,326 
 93 6,039 4,804,519 17,211 2,205,698 23,250 7,010,217 1,812 881,135 94562 7,841,352 
 94 6,271 5,245,456 17,836 2,352,568 24,107 7,598,024 1,387 886,256 25494 8,484,280 
 Nh} 
 95 6,241 5,298,372 16,794 2,820,505 23,085 7,618,877 1,262 816,958 | 8,4 
 96 6,722 5,679,601 17,601 2,380,362 24,323 8,009,963 1,419 909,809 “tl | 8 rt 399 
 d | 
 97 6,818 5,869,729 16,226 2,805,675 23,044 8,175,404 1,348 817,005 94'392 | 8,992,409 
 b 6,997 6,212,918 10,257 (b 2,299,995 (b)| 17,254 8,512,918  |(b | 1,401 945,529 18,655 (9,458,433 
 98 ( ) p yada, ’ ( ) yadd, ( ) 4 ’ ( » 8,078 (c) (2) ia 468 887 (c) (d) 8) 978 ( 4 1) 15/468" 887 A 
 b 6,831 6,042,050 9,818 (b 2,208,683 (b)| 16,649 8,250,783 |(b | , 1,049,075 18,070 9,299,808 
 99 (b) 042, 818 (b) | 2,208,688 (b) ){ 81448 (c) Or 825,454 (c))") | 97443 (0) at 5 325,454 c 
 
 (a) Columns 8-1 ry ata vessels cleared coastwise in ballast, of which no record was kept prior to 1898. 
 (6) 1898 and 1899—HExcluding vessels trading within the Estuary of the Thames, within the Ports of London, Rochester, Faversham and Col ceased to b 1 
 (e) 1898 and 1899—Number and Tonnage of vessels cleared coastwise in ballast. ; : eee Woich havy CoAses Se bos cual rebnine 
 
Table 5. 
 
 ‘ 
 
 and Shipping” (1871-99) Returns. ] 
 
 Total Shipping. 
 
 Year. essels. Steam Vessels. 
 Hi al eg 
 Nunige, Tehanee Number. | Tonnage. Fiesty 
 
 1841 27, 
 
 1842 26, 
 
 1843 26, 
 
 1844 27, 
 
 1845 30, 
 
 1846 27, 
 
 1847 29, 
 
 1848 29, 
 
 1849 28} 
 
 1850 29, 
 
 1851 28, 
 
 1852 - 
 
 1853 29, 
 
 1854 27, 
 
 1855 95, 
 
 1856 24, 
 
 1857 23 
 
 1858 3, 
 
 1859 241 
 
 1860 24 
 
 1861 29 
 
 1862 23 
 
 1863 99 
 
 1864 19| 
 
 1865 19) 
 
 1866 17, 
 
 1867 16| 
 
 1868 16, 
 
 1869 a»; 
 
 1870 15 
 
 1871 14, 
 
 1872 (a 18 
 
 1873 29.99 120 9,661 4,282,931 443 
 1874 B31 {59 112 10,254 | 4,571,856 446 
 1875 3165 111 11,095 5,150,948 464 
 1876 32199 116 11,318 5,831,838 471 
 1877 34,67 114 11,989 5,629,941 472 
 1878 34 )e7 106 11,780 5,618,586 479 
 1879 3468 104 12,231 6,186,170 506 
 1880 3459 101 12,875 | 6,720,782 522 
 1881 3454 95 12,808 6,850,626 535 
 1882 B45 89 13,511 7,846,511 544 
 1883 342 5 87 14,392 | 8,065,572 060 
 1884 8451 B4 14,720 8,615,800 585 
 1885 3245 89 15,365 9,158,546 596 
 1886 3078 85 15,048 | 8,969,549 596 
 1887 8249 81 16,119 9,309,827 578 
 1888 3349 79 17,364 | 10,188,889 584 
 1889 3219 78 16,976 | 10,021,459 590 
 1890 29)4 79 17,157 | 10,456,651 609 
 1891 2999 76 17,348 | 10,610,246 612 
 1892 8054 76 17,736 | 10,869,593 613 
 1893 30 \9 71 18,722 | 11,370,321 607 
 1894 2817 73 18,878 | 12,215,961 647 
 1895 28,)4 74 19,337 | 12,424,880 643 
 1896 3014 70 20,257 | 18,246,916 654 
 1897 71 20,658 | 18,552,878 656 
 1898(b) 5 186 90,148 | 14,014,278 696 
 1899()} 541g 187 19,771 °| 14,180,272 717 
 
 ester and Faversham. 
 
35 
 Table 5. 
 
 Average tonnage of the Shipping entered at the Port of London, 1841 to 1899. 
 
 [Figures as to number and total tonnage are obtained from “ Ships” (1852), “ Trade and Navigation” (1853-70), and “ Navigation and Shipping” (1871-99) Returns.] 
 
 a ee 
 
 With Cargoes. In Ballast. Total Shipping. 
 Year. Sailing Vessels. Steam Vessels, Sailing Vessels. Steam Vessels. Sailing Vessels. Steam Vessels. 
 Number, Tonnage. eed Number. Tonnage. ee Number. Tonnage. Number. Tonnage. Number. | Tonnage. | eameee Number. | Tonnage. Te 
 
 1841 27,392 3,877,205 142 1,975 470,375 938 
 
 1842 26,363 8,709,894 141 2.011 504,094 951 
 
 1843 26,424 |, 3,698,157 140 1,998 520,785 961 
 
 1844 27,626 8,725,536 135 Seer 526,669 264 
 
 1845 30,086 4,378,624 145 1,899 512,993 270 
 
 1846 27,890 3,981,467 143 2,114 567,681 Y69 
 
 1847 25,030 4,443,606 153 2,299 606,531 264 
 
 1848 29,933 4.468,006 149 2,218 598,737 268 
 
 1849 28,770 4 309,738 149 2,322 616,770 266 
 
 1850 29,026 4,441,693 153 2,648 714,163 270 
 
 1851 28,708 4,575,208 159 2,641 717,969 272 
 
 1852 — — = = mas = 
 
 1853 29,146 4,786,752 164 3,825 935,185 981 
 
 1854 27,621 4,685,264 170 8,515 1,066,932 304 
 
 1855 25,631 4,315,629 168 3,033 912,641 301 
 
 1856 24,933 4,299,170 172 8,752 1,184,186 316 
 
 1857 23,850 4,226.558 177 4,679 1,549,735 331 Informatijon not availa|ble. 
 
 1858 23,766 4,250,042 179 4,855 1,632,547 336 
 
 1859 24,530 4,275,348 174 4,858 1,628,170 334 
 
 1860 24,341 4,859,473 179 5,182 1,752,170 341 
 
 1861 22,966 4,390,901 191 5,209 1,908,310 366 
 
 1862 23,174 4,322,789 187 5,670 2,133,813 376 
 
 1863 22.607 4,222,837 187 5,954 2,333,180 392 
 
 1864 19,996 3,781,969 189 6,314 2,527,223 400 
 
 1865 19,629 8,817,620 194 6,819 2.863,414 420 
 
 1866 17,973 8,540,630 197 7,658 3,272,373 427 
 
 1867 16,631 3,355,869 202 7,617 8,267,665 429 
 
 1868 16,822 8,481,049 204 7,458 3,171,628 426 
 
 1869 15,741 3,808,951 210 8,125 3,389,910 417 
 
 1870 15,5388 3,379,048 217 7,982 3,502,092 439 
 
 1871 14,192 8,115,024 219 8,225 3,733,618 454 
 
 1872 |, 18,778 _|_ 2,793,529 203 8,602 | 8,994,149 | 464 
 
 1873 ee 29,045 8,539,713 Og, 9,552 | 4,236,327 444 1,057 65,120 109 46,604 30,102 3,604,883 120 9,661 4,282,931 443 
 1874 31,957 3,672,265 115 10,112 4,504,860 445 1,636 93,787 142 66,496 88,593 38,766,052 112 10,254 4,571,356 446 
 1875 31,605 8,561,465 113 10,931 5,085,504 465 1,295 91,398 164 65,489 32,900 8,659,863 ali 11,095 5,150,943 464 
 1876 32,468 3,809,276 117 11,112 5,265,243 474 1,035 68,616 206 66,590 33,508 8,877,892 116 11,318 5,331,833 471 
 1877 34,306 8,931,557 115 10,967 5,458 962 498 1,448 138,610 972 170,979 35,749 4,070,167 114 11,939 5,629,941 472 
 1878 34,027 8,663,718 108 10,758 5,456,561 507 1,971 134,154 972 162,025 35,998 3,797,867 106 11,730 5,618,586 479 
 1879 34.434 3,622,687 105 11,315 5,984,766 529 2,215 182,601 916 201,404 36,649 8,805,288 104 1208 6,186,170 506 
 1880 84,592 3,548,465 103 11,936 6,580,113 547 2,437 184,974 939 190,619 37,029 3,783,439 101 12,875 6,720,782 522 
 1881 34,745 8,821,614 96 11,823 6,679,912 565 2,170 183,707 980 170,714 86,915 8,505,821 95 12,803 6,850,626 535 
 1882 34,184 3,112,674 91 12,465 7,135,363 572 8,156 226,877 1,046 211,148 37,340 8,839,551 89 18,511 7,346,511 544 
 1883 84,937 3,134,458 90 18,841 7,868,310 090 8,771 240,677 1,051 197,262 38,708 3,875,185 87 14,392 8,065,572 560 
 1884 34.249 | 21928381 86 13,940 | 8,417,161 604 3,681 251,810 780 198,139 87,930 | 3,180,191 84 14,720 | 8,615,300 585 
 1885 82,408 2,782,152 86 14,499 8,966,618 618 4,612 268,168 866 186,928 37, 020 8,050,315 82 15,365 9,158,546 596 
 1886 30,929 2,755,769 89 14,510 8,841,987 609 4,684 262,809 588 127,562 35,568 3,018,578 85 15,048 8,969,549 596 
 1887 Boe 2,723,144 83 15,571 9,196,788 591 4,108 274,195 548 118,044 aeeee 2,997,339 81 16,119 9,809,827 578 
 1888 33,168 2,659,205 80 16,045 9,940,246 620 4,549 316,807 1,319 198,648 37,717 2,976,012 79 17,364 | 10,188,889 584 
 1889 32.778 2,578,506 78 15,685 9,776,738 623 3,781 282,306 1,291 244,721 36,559 2,860,812 78 16,976 | 10,021,459 590 
 1890 29,866 2,413,319 81 15,810 | 10,194,108 644 8,928 271,485 1,347 262.548 88,794 2,684 804 79 17,157 | 10,456,651 | 609 
 1891 29,587 2,282,159 77 15,968 | 10,354,475 648 4,697 824,541 1,380 255.771 84,284 2,606,700 76 17,348 | 10,610,246 | 612 
 1892 30,902 2,416,599 78 16,228 | 10,509,100 648 4,680 278,452 1,508 360,493 85,582 2,695,051 76 17,736 | 10,869,593 | 613 
 1898 30 027 2.9.41 ,585 75 17,888 | 11,209,444 627 6,186 387,755 834 160,877 36,218 2,579,290 71 18,722 | 11,870,821 607 
 1894 28,952 2.919.446 77 17,575 | 11,784,519 670 6,476 367,401 1,303 431,442 85,428 2,586,847 73 18,878 | 12,215,961 647 
 1895 28,797 2,229,813 77 17,518 | 11,987,472 684 5,782 348,601 1,819 487,408 84,579 2,566,414 74. 19,887 | 12,424,880 | 643 
 1896 30,717 2,218,472 72 18,696 | 12,755,890 682 5,836 354,852 1,561 491,026 86,558 2,572,824 70 20,257 | 18,246.916 | 654 
 1897 | 29,039 | 2,070,404 71 19,182 | 13,116,857 686 5,489 894,103 | 1,526 | 486,016 | 34,478 | 2,464,507 71__|__20,658 | 18,552,873 | 656 
 1898(b)} 5,551 | 1,141,999 206 18,922 | 138,522,494 715 1,289 181,175 | 22 491,784 6,840 eT SMe 186 20,148 | 14,014,278 | 696 
 1899(d 5,180 1,101,291 215 18,581 13,581,680 731 1,825 106,665 | 1,190 | 598,592 6,455 1,207,956 187 19,771 °| 14,180,272 717 
 
 a 
 
 (a) There is clearly an alteration in the basis adopted in the official returns at this point, though no explanation appears to be given, 
 
 (/) 1898 and 1899—The returns in these years exclude vessels trading within the Estuary of the Th: umes, within the Ports of London, Rochester, Colchester and Faversham. 
 : | 
 
 | 
 
Table 6. 
 om, 1860 to 1899. 
 
 (1871-99) Returns. | 
 
 Year, ed : rina eh eee sas : ; Year, 
 Under 50 | 2,600 | 2,800 Over Total 
 50 | to 100 to 2,800| to 3,000 3,000 
 ———+} 
 
 1860 15 sa; — ae i 447 | 1860 
 1861 12 2 = 1 477 | 1861 
 1862 20 | — ae 1 510 | 1862 
 1863 26 a; — re 1 574 | 1868 
 1864 21 31 1 2 2s 727 | 1864 
 1865 26 > 4 1 756 | 1865 
 1866 28 29 3 a 1 784 | 1866 
 1867 26 94 | 9 = 1 834 | 1867 
 1868 34 25 2, <2 unt 862 | 1868 
 1869 15 14| 2 die 1 810 | 1869 
 1870 35 97 | 2 1 2 985 | 1870 
 
 2,500 to 3,000 
 1871 19 24 6 3 1,066 | 1871 
 1872 24 30 8 6 | 1,864 | 1872 
 1873 22 18 17 7 1,479 | 18738 
 1874 25 20 24 8 1,597 | 1874 
 1875 13 18 25 8 1,465 | 1875 
 1876 9 12 26 8 1,489 | 1876 
 1877 8 14 28 7 1,640 | 1877 
 1878 14 15 30 7 1,820 | 1878 
 1879 16 9 34 9 2.027 | 1879 
 1880 10 16 34 10 2.293 | 1880 
 1881 12 92 47 16 2.546 | 1881 
 1882 21 16 62 21 2.626 | 1882 
 1883 17 18 75 24 3,047 | 1883 
 1884 20 18 85 | 30 3,059 | 1884 
 1885 19 12 87 32 3,098 | 1885 
 1886 14 74 90 32 3,018 | 1886 
 1887 24 13 92 36 3.063 | 1887 
 1888 22, 17 98 40 3,284 | 1888 
 1889 22 25 108 44 3,484 | 1889 
 1890 18 15| 129 51 3.601 | 1890 
 1891 13 11 139 74 3,632 | 1891 
 1892 8 14) 147 96 3,577 | 1892 
 1893 13 12 | 163 115 3,569 | 1893 
 
 2,600 | 2,800 | 3,000 | 3,500 | Over 
 
 0 2,800 | to 3,000 | to 3,500| to4,000 | 4,000 
 1894 10 8| 86 46 90 32 19 | 3,601 | 1894 
 1895 12 11| 85 58 | 108 39 26 | 3,661 | 1895 
 1896 18 8| 80 67 | 107 49 86 | 3,701 | 1896 
 1897 6 10| 88 66 | 119 56 45 | 3619 | 1897 
 1898 6 10} 98 74 | 124 66 66 | 8,677 | 1898 
 1899 3 11) 108 77 | 184 70 98 | 3,665 | 1899 
 
36 
 
 Table 6. 
 Classification according to Tonnage of the Steam Vessels engaged in Foreign Trade belonging to the United Kingdom, 1860 to 1899. 
 
 [Registered under the Merchant Shipping Act, 1894,“ Trade and Navigation” (1860-70) and “ Navigation and Shipping” (1871-99) Returns. ] 
 
 ee —————— en 
 Number of STEAM Vessels of a Tonnage of 
 Year. a — es — ae et, = _ os 
 Under | 50 100 200 300 400 500 | 600 700 800 900 | 1,000 | 1,200 | 1,400 | 1,600 | 1,800 | 2,000 | 2,200 | 2,400 | 2,600 | 2,800 Over 
 50 | t0100 to 200 | to 300 | to 400 | to 500 | to 600 to 700 | to 800 | to 900 | to1,000| to1,200| to 1,400 t01,600/ to 1,800 | t0'2,000 to 2,200 | to 2,400 to 2,600 | to 2,800 | to 3,000 3,000 Total. 
 | | | 
 1860 15 38 31 58 44 62 22 28 21 11 21 38 32 | 13 6 2 4 a as = = 1 447 1860 
 1861 12 24 40 61 46 65 31 24 28 12 24 39 85 | 17 11 3 4 = = — = 1 477 1861 
 1862 20 25 43 50 53 77 39 31 31 11 22, 40 28 | 16 15 3 4 1 — = == 1 510 1862 
 1863 26 27 62 50 54 85 39 34 31 15 24 44 81 | 28 18 2 4 1 3 =— —_ 1 574 1863 
 1864 21 31 82 80 68 94 57 47 40 24 26 49 43 | 82 20 4 4 1 1 1 2 = 727 1864 
 1865 26 27 67 69 65 89 81 51 36 25 34 64 47 31 24 7 5 1 2 a 4 1 756 1865 
 1866 28 22, 57 58 63 116 91 58 34 34 32 61 48 36 26 6 6 3 1 3 _ 1 784 1866 
 1867 26 24 56 59 64 117 110 48 43 38 32 71 56 44 24 12 6 4 2 2 = 1 834 1867 
 1868 34 25 41 49 73 125 105 57 53 44 37 71 56 | 41 24 12 7 5 1 2 = =— 862 1868 
 1869 15 14 26 56 44 118 99 64 48 53 46 76 50 40 27 17 8 4 2 2 — 1 810 1869 
 22 
 1870 35 27 30 57 57 107 93 78 67 63 60 76 56 47 35 12 8 5 2 1 2 935 1870 
 800 to 1,000 1,200 to 1,500 1,500 to 2,000 2,000 to 2,500 | 2,500 to 3,000 
 
 1871 19 24 28 43 58 124 92 91 89 144 101 119 94 36 > | 6 3 1,066 1871 
 1872 24 30 42 46 60 130 141 142 117 206 113 143 113 43 8 6 1,364 1872 
 1873 22, 18 32 39 53 144 148 1638 139 225 125 158 143 46 17 7 1,479 1873 
 1874 25 20 40 44 55 132 144 183 1438 250 142 167 165 5D 24 8 1,597 1874 
 1875 138 18 29 32 47 94 102 156 148 239 157 175 162 60 25 8 1,465 1875 
 1876 9 12 27 39 56 101 1038 157 139 256 162 178 154 62 26 8 1,489 1876 
 1877 8 14 26 33 56 133 118 173 162 265 198 196 155 68 28 7 1,640 1877 
 1878 14 15 29 35 59 136 125 189 160 312 232 230 176 71 30 7 1,820 1878 
 1879 16 9 42 47 82 149 142 193 159 361 264 258 189 78 34 9 2,027 1879 
 1880 10 16 27 59 90 171 158 200 187 426 300 322 191 97 34 10 2,298 1880 
 1881 12 22 37 66 96 157 155 204 209 455 348 393 215 114 47 16 2,546 1881 
 1882 21 16 40 53 70 123 125 168 204 485 409 438 261 130 62 21 2,626 1882 
 1883 17 18 31 67 94 162 153 195 271 527 475 492 308 1438 15 24 3,047 1883 
 1884 20 18 43 48 86 137 132 182 264 535 498 529 308 149 85 30 3,059 1884 
 1885 19 12 39 52 88 130 120 173 265 544 518 549 311 154 87 32 3,093 1885 
 1886 14 17 22 45 76 117 113 170 244 5B5 520 550 3138 160 90 32 3,018 1886 
 1887 24 13 15 51 67 111 111 179 242 517 515 567 345 178 92 36 3,063 1887 
 1888 22, 17 24 58 79 112 121 185 241 528 536 608 418 197 98 40 3,284 1888 
 1889 22 | 25 24 52 | 72 102 120 187 236 521 557 698 497 219 108 44 8,484 1889 
 1890 18 15 27 50 63 90 118 160 236 519 563 743 579 247 122 51 3,601 1890 
 1891 13 11 23 41 538 74 106 156 225 490 558 158 652 264 139 74 3,632 1891 
 1892 8 14 21 35 45 69 90 143 197 455 5BD 737 7038 282 147 96 3,577 1892 
 1893 13 12 18 35 48 62 83 130 193 422 | «509 | 724° 732 310 168 : seeks | 8,569 1893 
 
 | | 800 900 1,200 | 1,400 | 1,600 | 1,800 | 2,000 | 2,200 | 2,400 | 2,600 2,800 | 3,000 | 3,500 | Over | 
 
 | | to 900 to 1,000 to 1,400 | to 1,600 to 1,800 to 2,000 to 2,200 to 2,400 | to 2,600 to 2,800 to 3,000 to 3,500 to4,000 | 4,000 — 
 1894 10 8 17 | 29 43 | 64 72 127 192 Q15 190 489 459 453 | 306 277 | 179 | 112 96 86 46 90 32 19 | 3,601 1894 
 1895 12 11 18 28 | 44 59 73 121 | 186 200 179 485 452 456 | 818 303 «181 | 127 102 85 58 103 39 26 | 3.661 1895 
 1896 18 8 25 39 19 56 74 113 181 191 165 452 | 484 445 | 888 325 201 | 145 108 || 80 67 107 | 49 86 | 3.701 1896 
 1897 6 10 1S ec 39 54 | 65 | 100 159 170 156 491 424 427 340 | B41 | O15 160 110 |} 88 | 66 | 119 | 56 | 45 8,619 1897 
 1898 6 10 | 22 40 45 | 54 | 68 | 91 | 144 157 141 | 389 | 410 418 350 371 234 182 122 98 74 124 | 66 66 | 3,677 | 1898 
 1899 3 11 28 30 | 387 | 44 65 | 82 187 146 124 | 368 | 888 395 | 339 370 253 222, 151 |{108 | 77 | 184 70 | 98 | 38,665 1899 
 
 | | . | | 
 
 | | | | 
 Ce aa 
 
Table 7. 
 ydom, 1860 to 1899. 
 
 g” (1871-99) Returns. | 
 
 Year. | Year. 
 Under 50 2.600 | 2.800 | 
 50 10|to2,800 to 3,000 Over 3,000 LOLs 
 | | 
 1860 40 | 4 1 wa no 6,876 | 1860 
 1861 31 | a 2 Be = 6,902 | 1861 
 1862 58 | 49 1 3 2a 7,095 | 1862 
 1868 46. Paeae 9 as aK 7,360 | 1863 
 1864 31 | $84 1 as ae 7,557 | 1864 
 1865 29 | 2 2 os = 7,384 | 1865 
 1866 29 | 30 1 a os 7,454 | 1866 
 1867 32 | 30 9 fe a 7,467 | 1867 
 1868 20 : 8 a ee 7,306 | 1868 
 1869 9 | 99 1 a = 6,968 | 1869 
 1870 15 | 26 1 26 a 6,757 | 1870 
 2,500 to 8,000 
 1871 20 | 19 1 1 6,202 | 1871 
 1872 16 |e 1 1 6,091 | 1872 
 1878 8 ene ee 1 5,898 | 1878 
 1874 s | a 1 aes 6.613 | 1874 
 1875 9° oars 9 = 5,827 | 1875 
 1876 9 es 9 a 5,887 | 1876 
 1877 6. 1 abl 2 - 5,292 | 1877 
 1878 6 dae 9 oa 5.235 | 1878 
 1879 8 | 12 2 as 4881 | 1879 
 1880 7 bel 2 A) 4,518 | 1880 
 1881 123} 3 ee 4163 | 1881 
 1882 16 9 4 a 3.713 | 1882 
 1883 15) eal 6 ee 3,543 | 1888 
 1884 10 | 10 8 1 3.256 | 1884 
 1885 15 | 0 9 1 8,180 | 1885 
 1886 5 8 11 1 2.923 | 1886 
 1887 eat 8 10 1 2717 | 1887 
 1888 12 | 10 12 3 2665 | 1888 
 1889 8 9 17 3 2.484 | 1889 
 1890 12 20 2 2.995 | 1890 
 1891 7 29 3 2197 | 1891 
 1892 10 49 7 9.082 | 1892 
 2,600 | 2,800 | 3,000 | 3,500 | Over 
 0| to 2,800 | to 3,000 | to 3,500 to 4,000 4,000 
 18938 6 6 21 17 6 = ey 1.sote) 1898 
 1894 4 5 19 15 6 ee, — | 1,845 | 1894 
 1895 2 5 21 14 6 = 237 11.765 | 1895 
 1896 2 50) 21 14 6 a — | 1,686 | 1896 
 1897 3 43 \ 91 18 6 es — | 1534 | 1897 
 1898 <a 38 |\ a1 10 6 = — | 1388 | 1898 
 D 45 | \198 8 5 
 
 | 
 — 
 ‘bo 
 [os ws) 
 for) 
 — 
 aD 
 Ye) 
 a) 
 
37 
 
 Classificati di T +). : ‘ : ; Table 7. 
 assification according to Tonnage of the Sailing Vessels engaged in Foreign Trade belonging to the United Kingdom, 1860 to 1899. 
 [Registered under the Merchant Shipping Act, 1894.—‘“ Trade and Navigation” (1860-70) and “ Navigation and Shipping” (1871-99) Returns. ] 
 EE 
 Number of SAILING Vessels of a Tonnage of 
 Tee, | | Year. 
 Under | 50to | 100 | 200 | 300 400 500 | 600 | 700 | 800 | 900 | 1,000 | 1,200 | 1,400 | 1,600 | 1,800 | 2,000 | 2,200 | 2,400 | 2,600 | 2,800 | 
 50-100 _| 0 200 | to 300 to 400 | to 500 to 600 | to 700 | to 800 | to 900 |to1,000 to1,200 to 1,400 to 1,600 to 1,800 to 2,000 to 2,200) to 2,400 to 2,600) to 2,800 to 3,000 ae acta 
 1860 40 | 482 |1,408 |1,847 |1,154 | 6389 | 489 | 314 | 265 | 224 | 162 | 259 | 120 28 18 6 2 8 — 1 a = 6,876 | 1860 
 1861 B31 | 419 [1,421 |1,834 |1,198 ; 644 | 444 | 3817 | 266 | 244 | 197 | 272 | 120 B5 17 7 3 1 — 2 = 6,902 | 1861 
 1862 58 | 427 |1,482 |1,881 [1,126 | 6388 | 448 | 882 | 269 | 957 | 218 | 306 | 187 41 19 9 3 = — 1 3 as 7,095 | 1862 
 1863 46 | 402 |1,505 |1,840 |1,185 | 654 | 447 | 3858 | 299 | 971 | 981 | 400 | 182 53 25 10 4 1 == 2 = = 7,360 | 1863 
 1864 31 | 365 |1,444 [1,841 |1,161 | 692 | 481 | 861 | 820 | 278 | 2955 | 481 | 248 70 28 9 4 1 1 1 = = 7,557 | 1864 
 1865 29 | 276 |1,807 |1,262 |1,159 | 698 | 508 | 372 | 827 | 277 | 250 | 524 | 275 82 26 10 4 1 = 2 = = 7,884 | 1865 
 1866 29 | 308 |1,864 |1,815 |1,146 | 698 | 489 | 349 | 814 | 264 | 257 | 512 | 276 94 27 10 5 1 = 1 = = 7,454 | 1866 
 1867 32 | 807 |1,889 1,359 |1,159 | 682 | 474 | 3885 | 819 | 268 | 248 | 514 | 291 94 27 10 4 3 = 2 a = 7,467 | 1867 
 1868 90 | 260 |1,887 |1,271 |1,141 | 671 | 469 | 389 | 807 | 251 | 246 | 518 | 815 | 111 29 10 5 3 — 8 = = 7,806 | 1868 
 1869 9 | 928 |1,202 |1,186 |1,044 | 656 | 448 | 347 | 814 | 268 | 252 | 515 | 320 | 122 28 10 9 8 1 1 = =H 6,963 | 1869 
 1870 Pod Nitra e tiny 1007) | 641-9) 425° || 8867 | 292) onts\|) 948 1) 405° 8029) 116 28 10 8 1 1 1 = 2s 6,757 | 1870 
 800 to 1,000 1,200 to 1,500 1,509 to 2,000 2,000 to 2,500 2,500 to 3,000 
 1871 20 | 198 |1,011 |1,035 | 940 | 580 | 394 | 825 | 281 484 461 392 70 9 | 1 1 6,202 | 1871 
 1872 16 | 194 |1,001 |1,028 | 941 | 566 | 389 | 816 | 275 444 462 376 72 9 | 1 1 6,091 | 1872 
 18738 g | 180 | 998 |1,018 | 894 | 588 | 865 | 802 | 269 407 448 394 76 10 ~~ 1 5,898 | 1878 
 1874 8 | 170 | 900 | 970 | 797 | 494 | 855 | 290 | 251 405 436 409 118 9 1 = 5,618 | 1874 
 1875 9 | 131 | 718 | 880 | 755 | 478 | 848 | 803 | 258 407 432 455 146 10 2 = 5,827 | 1875 
 1876 9 | 151 | 673 | 852 | 762 | 474 | 342 | 804 | 291 434 449 484 157 10 2 = 5,887 | 1876 
 1877 6 | 119 | 643 | 845 | 709 | 469 | 3888 | 297 | 290 434 45 511 168 9 2 = 5,292 | 1877 
 1878 6 | 148.| 659 | 834 | 691 | 442 | 815 | 269 | 282 435 451 515 180 11 2 = 5,235 | 1878 
 1879 @ | 128 | 564 | 780 | 606 | 411 | 808 | 266 | 271 407 438 507 183 12 2 — 4,831 | 1879 
 1880 7 | 118 | 540 | 677 | 582 | 876 | 292 | 248 | 255 400 400 486 180 10 | 2 = 4,518 | 1880 
 1881 129) ilps) 488° |) 647 472°) 862 | 262 | 282 | 247 376 380 474 200 8 | 3 ee 4163 | 1881 
 1882 16 93 | 357 | 456 | 889 | 814 | 252 | 203 | 280 345 346 459 228 21 | 4 = 3,713 | 1882 
 1883 is | tip | B81) 401 | 884 | 280 | 288 | 191 | 217 340 83 444 255 37 | 6 = 3.543 | 1883 
 1884 10 | 101 | 299 | 351 | 285 | 259 | 210 | 171 | 190 306 310 424 281 50 | 8 1 3,256 | 1884 
 | | 
 1885 15 | 104 | 280 | 800 | 270 | 2388 | 196 | 153 | 182 296 318 444 320 64 9 1 8,180 | 1885 
 1886 5 g3 | 934 | 267 | 2298 | 192 | 171 | 146 | 163 277 298 | 427 | 329 86 | 1 1 2.923 | 1886 
 1887 = g3 | 220 | 228 | 191 | 168 | 149 | 138 | 156 260 274 415 832 97 10 1 2.717 | 1887 
 1888 Poem e1G0 ie. 293°. 207- | 175 4-161 187) 216) | 146 244 285 | 414 829 101 12 3 2.665 | 1888 
 1889 8 og 199) |) 167 | 149) 181 || 114 | 107 | 185 227 269 390 340 112 | 17 3 2.484 | 1889 
 1890 | 12 Weleiiay lbs | 1821) oid 91 99 ‘| 126 209 | 252 | 362 845 129 | 20 2 2,295 | 1890 
 1891 7 72 esp tie | 115 98 79 88 | 118 189 | 239 362 853 143 | 29 3 2.127 | 1891 
 1892 10 65 | 104 938 | 94 80 66 sl | 109 | 185 | 224 | 359 8: 181 es 49 - 7 2.082 | 1892 
 00 | 900 1,200 | 1,400 | 1,600 | 1,800 | 2,000 | 2,200 | 2,400 | 2,600 | 2,800 | 3,000 | 3,500 | Over 
 to 900 to 1,000 to 1,400 to 1,600 to 1,800 to 2,000 | to 2,200 to 2,400 | to 2,600 | to 2,800 | to 3,000 | to 3,500 to 4,000| 4,000 
 ABAD Baha | to 
 
 1893 6 67 | 107 838 76 67 58 68 99 99 78 | 207 | 249 | 184 | 187 | 119 | 101 58 | 87 21 17 6 = — | 1,994 | 1898 
 
 . 5 7 | 56 61 51 58 91 98 mt | 18% || 9244 | 188) 19t) 124%|" 104 57 39 19 15 6 — — | 1,845 | 1894 
 1894 4 56 79 56 56 
 
 | | 
 1895 2 56 84 46 | 49 46 45 47 81 85 68 | 179 | 287 | 192 | 184 | 127 | 101 BT'S 21 14 6 — — | 1,765 | 1895 
 1896 2 50 98 45 89 41 35 44 75 74 63 | 172 | 219 | 197 | 180 | 126 94 oe | a 21 14 6 — — | 1,686 | 1896 
 1897 3 43 78 85 82 31 29 36 66 65 52 | 157 | 207 | 180 | 171 | 129 89 54 21 18 6 = — | 1,584 | 1897 
 1898 — 38 65 Bia iret 20 25 23 61 60 47 | 188 | 193 | 162 | 167 | 125 86 54 21 10 6 1,888 | 1898 
 1899 2 45 46 25 | 17 16 20 17 43 52 Ao Netra 1722 58) | ibe 117 86 51 | 18 8 5 1 
 | | | : | 
 
Table 8. 
 
 Classification according to oportion that the Vessels belonging to London and to the 
 
 other Port| Navigation and Shipping” Return, 1899). 
 
 CLASSIFICATION 
 
 Under 50 tons 
 
 OF 
 
 TONNAGE. 
 
 Ce 
 
 Of 50 and under 100 ... 
 
 100 
 200 
 800 
 400 
 
 500 
 600 
 700 
 800 
 900 
 
 1,000 
 1,200 
 1,400 
 1,600 
 1,800 
 
 2,000 
 2,200 
 2.400 
 2,600 
 2,800 
 
 8,000 
 3,500 
 
 ” 
 
 200 .. 
 300 ... 
 400 ... 
 500 ... 
 
 600 ... 
 700 ... 
 800 ... 
 900 ... 
 1,000 ... 
 
 1,200 ... 
 1,400 ... 
 1,600 ... 
 1,800 ... 
 2,000 .. 
 
 2,200 ... 
 2,400 .. 
 2,600 ... 
 2,800 ... 
 8,000 ... 
 
 8,500 ... 
 4,000 ... 
 
 4,000 tons and above... 
 
 UNIT 
 
 Steam. 
 
 aoe | bo @ eS bde | bo 
 
 Or Sd Or 
 
 Per- 
 centage of 
 the United 
 Kingdom, 
 
 115 
 
 TOTAL. 
 
 GREENOCK, 
 Sailing. 
 Per 
 tage of 
 No. the United 
 Kingdom. 
 55 9°92 
 14 42, 
 2 "26 
 2 1:39 
 i 3°74 
 9 5°52 
 16 | 10°80 
 9 6°13 
 15 12°94 
 f 8°33 
 1 2°04 
 7 2°42 
 141 | 1-80 
 
 256 
 
 Per- 
 
 centage of 
 the United 
 
 Kingdom. 
 
 oo DON Co 
 00 H> ©) CO 
 
 HeI02 COPD ODOR 
 
 OOgd NOOO > 
 ood AaNOrre 
 
 5 
 iS) 
 oo 
 
oo 
 ee) 
 
 Table 8. 
 
 Classification according to Tonnage of Vessels belonging to London and to certain other Ports in the United Kingdom, together with a Comparison of the Proportion that the Vessels belonging to London and to the 
 
 other Ports bear to the Vessels belonging to all Ports in the United Kingdom, 1899 (as registered under the Merchant Shipping Act, 1894—‘“ Navigation and Shipping” Return, 1899). 
 
 Sn SS eee 
 
 UNITED KINGDOM. LONDON. LIVERPOOL. GLASGOW. GREENOCK. 
 CLASSIFICATION Steam. Sailing. TOTAL, Steam. Sailing. TOTAL. Steam. Sailing. TOTAL. Steam. Sailing TOTAL. 
 Toe Steam. | Sailing. z : ee 
 — Se TOTAL. : ee , | a : Per- Per- Per- | Per- Per- Per- Per Per- Ber Per- 
 NO. jcentage 0 Jo, centage o jcentage of centage of _ centage of] » centage of entage of sentage of rentage off tage of tage of we centage of 
 2 the United Ne. the United Ne |the United No, i United — the United Be. Ithe United Ne: the United the United No; ihe United No. ihe United No. tha Uiatted Ne: the United 
 Kingdom. Kingdom | Kinedom. Kingdom Kingdom. | Kingdom, Kingdom. Kingdom. | Kingdom. Kingdom. Kingdom.| Kingdom. 
 Zi i He = = | F | | | | 
 Under 50 tons............ 2,524 | 5,547 | 8,071} 458 | 18-14 | 617 | 11-12 | 1,075 13°32 | 117 4°64 | 111 2:00 | 228 | 286] 282 9:19 96 1:73| 328] 4:10 44) 1:74 55 992} 99] 124 
 Cf 50 and under 100 ...| 1,854 3,316 4,670 89 6-57 | 887 | 11:66 | 476 | 10:19} 145 | 10-72) 465 | 1408 | 610) 13:06 | 118 874 | 88 1:00 | 151 3°24 5 “87 14 42 19d} 
 UCN 200 ...| 682) 767 | 1,399] 113 | 17°88 | 70 9:13 | 183 | 13:09 76| 12-01 70 | 918] 146 | 10°44} 142) 22-47 6 ‘78,| 148 | 10°58 Ti a4 2 | -26 13 93 
 200 . 800... 275 | 144) 419 65 | 28-64 18 | 12:50 838 19°81 26 9-45 12>) 8:38 38 | 9:07] 62) 22°55 9 6:25 71 | 16°94 1 ‘36 2 1-89 3 "72 
 300 * 400...) 241) 48 289 bb) 21-154 6| 12:50 57 | 19°72 13 5-40 10] 2-01 23| 7:86 33 | 14:70 18 | 37:50 51 | 17°64 2 ‘83 = = 2 ‘69 
 400 500 ...| 256 | 45 | 301 56 | 21-87 | 8| 17°78 64 | 21:26 8 8-18 4 8:89 12| 4:00] 386| 14:06 21 | 46°70 57 | 18°94 3 1:12 — — 3 1:00 
 : | | | | 
 500 os 600 ...| 188 25 | 213 48 | 25°53 7 | 27-90 55 | 25:82 15 7:98 7 | 28:00 92! 10°34} 21] 11:18 4 | 16:00/| 25] 11°74 4 2:18 — = 4 1:90 
 600 9 700...) 161] 27| 188 32 | 19°87 U0) |) BAe 42 | 99:34 18 | 8:06 5 | 18:52 18| 957] 12 7:45 5 | 1852); 17 9:04 = = = = = 
 7p 800...| 176 | 60) 236 23 | 18-60 9 | 14:90] 82] 13:56 10 | 5:66 18 | 30:00 28 | 11:86) 12| 6:82 21) 35-00 33 | 14:00 == ae = as = = 
 800 5. 900... 168| 42]| 210 89 | 28-22 2 475 41) 19°52 12 T15 17 | 40:50 29 | 13:80] 18} 10-72 10 | 23:80; 28 | 13°34 — -- — — _ = 
 , 900 eee OOO eee SL | 7|\ 178 3 26:72 4 8:51 39 | 21:90 17 | 12:98 11 | 23-40 281 15°74] 20) 15:26 19 | 40:40} 89 | 21°90 — — = 
 | | | ! | { 
 1,000 ,», 1,200...) 3851) 107) 458 84 | 238-98 8 747 | 921! 20:90 88 | 10:82] 389] 86:50 77| 1682) 46] 13:10 81 | 29-00) 77 | 16°82 yy || asl 4) 38:74 || GIRS HI 
 1,200 pet 400r i esbonl 2650) O26 99 | 27-27 20 | 12:27 | 119 | 29-63 44) 12:12] 46] 28-20 90| 17-28 | 386) 9:92) 48] 26-40 79 | 15°16 —| — 9 5°52 |) alae 
 1,400 Peet Gude! 9S7L4) 1615) . 522 87 | 28-45 15 9:93 | 102} 19°54 43) 11:60 | 44 | 29°15 87| 1666] 85| 944] 55] 8640) 90/ 17:24 1 27 16 | 10:80 17 | 326 
 1,600 ,, 1,800... 824| 147| 471] 83| 25:81) 17| 11°56) 100) 21:24) 45) 18°90) 67) 45-60 | 112| 23-80 | 59] 1822) 87| 25:15 | 96 | 20°40 2} 62 9} 613; 11) 234 
 1,800 OOM B08) | 1161) = ATE. 94| 26:26} 11 9-48 | 105 | 22°15 44 | 12:30| 50] 48-10 94| 19:84} 45] 12°58 95 | 21:55 70 | 14:76 1 28 15 | 12:94 16 | 3:38 
 | | | | | ‘ | | 
 2,000 ,, 2,200...| 256 s4| 340] 52) 20:80 9| 1071| 61) 17-94] 66) 2580| 22| 2620] 88| 2590] 42] 1640) 40] 4760) 82 | 24°10 8 | 813 7) 888) 15)" 4-41 
 2200 ,, 2,400...) 221) 49| 270} 89 | 17-64 4| 616| 43/| 1593] 58| 2400| 25| 51:00] 78] 2890] 53] 2400) 18| 38670 | 71) 26:30 2) ‘91 1) 2-04 See Ti 
 2,400 » 2600... 146] 29 | 175 B0 | 20:55 1 8:44 31 | 17°71 26 | 17:81 | 17 58°60 48 | 94:57} 46] 31:50 1 3:45 | 47) 26°85 — = tf 2°42 i 2°86 
 2,600 ,» 2,800... 105 | 28} 123] 21) 20-00 8 166 | 24] 19°51 41 | 89:00} 10] 55:60 51| 41:50] 28] 21:90 3 ee 26 | 21:15 baa 7G — = 5 407 
 2,800 ,, 8,000...) 74 | 8 | 82 7 9°45 -- - 7 | 8:54 | 28) 38:00 | 6| 75:00] 384) 41:50] 20) 27:00 1| 12:5 21 | 25°60 8 | 10°81 = = 8| 975 
 | | | 
 8,000 7 8,000... 144 5| 149 27 | 18:75 = = 27 | 18°12 56 | 89-00 | 4 | 80:00 60 | 40:30 43 | 29°85 — — 43 | 28°86 5 | 3:50 = = 5 | 3°36 
 8,500 »  4,000.... 77} — 77 12 | 15-58 — — 12 15:59 25 | 82°50 | — = 25 | 32:50] 14| 1818 #2 — 14 | 1818 6 | 7:80 — — 6 7°80 
 4,000 tons and above...| 101 | — 101 7/ 6:93 — = Ti) 6:93 64 | 63:40 — — 64 | 63:40 Aa OT i — 4 3°96 5 | 4:95 = _ 5 | 495 
 eee El oe 2 | — <i is = 
 | | | | 
 Totaleseseeree 8,997 10,945 19,.942|1,651 | 18-34 |1,226 | 11-20 |2,877 | 14-42 ]1,025 | 11-40 |1,060 | 9°68 | 2,085 | 10-4 }1,172 | 13:20 | 496 4-54 |1,668 | 835] 115) 1:28 141 1:30 | 256 |} 1:28 
 b] | | | | 6 | | | 
 
39 
 
 Table 9. 
 
 Steam Vessels above 7,000 gross tonnage of all nationalities. 
 
 Name of Vessels. 
 
 BritisH. 
 
 Oceanic ... 
 Saxonia ... 
 Ivernia ... 
 Minneapolis 
 Minnehaha 
 
 Lucania ... 
 Campania 
 Cymric ... 
 Saxon 
 Medic 
 
 Persic 
 
 Afric 
 Norseman 
 New England 
 Vaderland 
 
 Zeeland ... 
 Tunisian... 
 Devonian 
 Winifredian 
 Bavarian 
 
 Briton 
 Georgic ... 
 Teutonic 
 Majestic ... 
 
 Kinfauns Castle ; 
 
 Kildonan Castle... 
 
 Michigan 
 Atlantian 
 Custodian 
 Mechanician 
 
 Monarch 
 Ultonia ... 
 Armenian 
 Victorian 
 Cestrian... 
 
 Canada ... 
 Mount Royal 
 Kensington 
 Southwark 
 City of Rome 
 
 Cevic 
 Cmraly -.- 
 Delphic ... 
 American 
 Kuropean 
 
 Umbria ... 
 Etruria ... 
 Manhattan 
 Trishman 
 
 Ortona ... 
 
 Port of registry. 
 
 Liverpool 
 Belfast 
 
 9 
 
 Liverpool 
 
 Southampton iy 
 Liverpool 
 
 Glasgow 
 Liverpool 
 
 Glasgow 
 
 Southampton ... 
 Liverpool 
 
 ” 
 
 enna eee 
 
 Belfast 
 Liverpool 
 
 ” 
 Barrow 
 
 Liverpool 
 Glasgow 
 Liverpool 
 
 Belfast 
 Liverpool 
 
 ” 
 
 When | 
 built. | 
 
 1899 
 1900 
 1900 
 1900 
 1900 
 
 1898 
 18938 
 1898 
 1899 
 1898 
 
 1899 
 1898 
 1897 
 1898 
 1900 
 
 1900 
 1900 
 1900 
 1899 
 1899 
 
 1897 
 1895 
 1889 
 1889 
 1899 
 
 1899 
 1899 
 1899 
 1900 
 1900 
 
 1897 
 
 1898 
 1895 
 1895 
 1896 
 
 1896 
 1898 
 1894 
 18938 
 1881 
 
 1894 
 1899 
 1897 
 1895 
 1896 
 
 1884 
 1884 
 1898 
 1898 
 1899 
 
 Length. 
 
 Ft. 
 
 685:7 
 580:0 
 582:0 
 600-7 
 600-0 
 
 601-0 
 6V1:0 
 585°5 
 570°0 
 550°2 
 
 550°2 
 550-2 
 500°7 
 550°3 
 560°0 
 
 560:°0 
 500°6 
 552:0 
 552°5 
 501°1 
 
 5380°3 
 558-7 
 565°8 
 565°8 
 5153 
 
 515°3 
 500-7 
 482-0 
 4820 
 482-0 
 
 470°0 
 500-0 
 512°5 
 512°5 
 §12°5 
 
 500°4 
 470°0 
 480-0 
 480-0 
 560-2 
 
 500:0 
 490°7 
 475°9 
 475°9 
 475°9 
 
 501°6 
 501°6 
 490 5 
 490°5 
 500-0 
 
 (According to “ Lloyd’s Register of British and Foreign Shipping, 1900.”) 
 
 Dimensions. 
 
 Breadth. | Depth. 
 
 Ft. Ft. 
 68°3 44°5 
 64-2 38°4 
 64:9 37°8 
 65°5 39°7 
 65:0 44:0 
 65:2 37°8 
 65°2 37°8 
 64:3 387°9 
 64:0 42-7 
 63°3 89°9 
 63°3 39°9 
 63:3 31°9 
 62°3 33°9 
 59:3 35°9 
 60:2 38°2 
 60:2 38:2 
 59°2 39°8 
 59:0 41:0 
 59°38 28°9 
 59°3 39°8 
 60°3 36°2 
 60°3 36:0 
 57°8 39°2 
 57°8 39°3 
 59:2 34°7 
 59°2 34°7 
 62:4 34:0 
 57:3 32:8 
 57:2 31:9 
 57°2 39°D 
 56:0 81-9 
 57:4 33°9 
 59°2 35:0 
 59°2 35:0 
 59°2 385°0 
 58:2 | 
 56:0 32:0 
 57:2 37:0 
 57:2 37°1 
 52°3 37:0 
 60-0 38°0 
 56°7 26:0 
 55°2 35°9 
 55°2 35°9 
 55°2 35°9 
 57:2 88°2 
 57:2 88°2 
 56°3 25-0 
 56°3 25°0 
 55°38 33-7 
 
Name of Vessels. 
 
 British—continued. 
 
 China 
 Egypt 
 India 
 Arabia 
 Persia 
 
 Scot 
 Pinemore 
 Maplemore 
 Gothic 
 
 Carisbrook Gasile: 
 
 Caledonia 
 
 Lake Erie 
 Norman ... 
 Rapidan ... 
 
 Knight Errant ... 
 
 Br:tish Princess... 
 
 Servia 
 Sobraon 
 Assaye ... 
 Montezuma 
 
 British Prince 
 Milwaukee 
 Quernmore 
 Indore 
 Aurania ... 
 
 Collegian 
 Politician 
 Tactician 
 
 Star of Teeaate 
 Alaska ... Ase 
 
 Montfort 
 Marquette 
 Achilles ... 
 Agamemnon 
 Ajax 
 
 AMERICAN. 
 
 St. Louis 
 Die balls 
 New York 
 
 Philadelphia (ex. Par 
 (approx. ) 
 
 Algoa 
 
 Dutcu. 
 
 Potsdam... 
 Statendam 
 Rotterdam 
 
 FRENCH. 
 
 La Lorraine 
 
 La Savoie 
 
 La Touraine 
 
 L’ Aquitaine 
 
 La Gascogne 
 
 La Bretagne 
 
 La Champagne .. 
 
 is) 
 
 40 
 
 Tonnage. 
 Port of registry. 
 
 Gross. Net. 
 
 7,912 4,166 | Belfast 
 
 Toke 4,179 Greenock 
 
 7,911 4,185 - 
 
 7,903 4,167 " 
 
 7,900 — “ 
 
 7,815 4,278 | Southampton ... 
 
 7,807 5,846 | Liverpool 
 
 7,803 5,842 > 
 
 7,755 4,975 4 
 
 7,626 4,246 | London 
 
 7,558 8,529 | Greenock 
 
 7,550 4,814 | Liverpool 
 
 7,537 4,005 | Southampton... 
 
 7,505 4,877 | West Hartlepool 
 
 TAs 4,747 | Liverpool ... 
 
 7,460 4,817 ee 
 
 7,392 8,971 
 
 7,382 4,411 | Greenock 
 
 7,376 4,411 - 
 
 7,345 4,734 | Liverpool 
 
 7,825 4,833 Fy 
 
 7,323 4,784 a 
 
 7,302 4,783 ah 
 
 7,300 4,775 ie 
 
 7,269 4,030 5 
 
 7,237 4,691 ne 
 
 7,228 4,738 53 
 
 7,200 — r 
 
 7,198 4,668 | Belfast 
 
 7,142 8,752 | London 
 
 7,087 4,580 | Liverpool ... 
 
 7,057 4,586 | West Hartlepoo 
 
 7,011 4,461 | Liverpool 
 
 7,011 4,462 - 
 
 7,011 4,461 of 
 11,629 5,894 New York, U.S. 
 11,629 5,874 
 10,674 5,559 ” 
 10,669 5,468 
 
 7,575 4,897 S. Francisco, U.S. 
 12,522 7,975 Rotterdam 
 10,491 | 6,701 by 
 
 8,139 5,160 5 
 11,200 — Havre... 
 11,200 == es 
 
 9,047 2,881 B 
 
 8,810 2,147 7 
 
 7,395 2,889 s 
 
 7,112 2,511 5 
 
 7,087 2,527 A? 
 
 When 
 built. 
 
 1896 
 1897 
 1896 
 1898 
 1900 
 
 1891 
 1898 
 1899 
 1893 
 1898 
 
 1894 
 1900 
 1894 
 1898 
 1898 
 
 1899 
 1881 
 1900 
 1899 
 1899 
 
 1899 
 1897 
 1898 
 1898 
 1883 
 
 1899 
 1899 
 1900 
 1899 
 1881 
 
 1899 
 1898 
 1900 
 1900 
 1900 
 
 1895 
 1895 
 1888 
 1889 
 
 1896 
 
 1899 
 1898 
 1897 
 
 1900 
 1900 
 1890 
 1890 
 1886 
 1886 
 1885 
 
 Table 9—continued. 
 Steam Vessels above 7,000 gross tonnage—continued. ) 
 
 Dimeusions. 
 
 Length. | Breadth.| Depth. 
 Ft. Ft. Ft. 
 500°5 54-2 25-1 
 499°8 54°3 24°5. 
 499-9 54:3 25:1 
 499°7 54°3 24°5 
 499-9 54:0 36°9 
 531:0 54:8 179) 
 459-0 525 31:0 
 459-0 52°5 31:0 
 490°7 53:2 33°5 
 485:0 56:0 23°6 
 486°0 54:2 26°2 
 446-0 52-0 35°5 
 490°8 53:2 33°5 
 475°5 56:0 32°2 
 470-0 57-2 31:9 
 470-0 56:8 32°1 
 515°0 52°1 07°O 
 4500 54:2 31°6 
 450-0 54:2 31°6 
 485:'0 59-0 30°5 
 470:0 56°8 32:1 
 470-0 5671 31:9 
 480:0 52°3 27-0 
 480°0 52°3 27°0: 
 470°0 57°2 37-2 
 470°0 56:2 31:9 
 469°5 56:4 31°9 
 469°2 56°3 31:9 
 440:0 55-1 29°7 
 500 0 50-0 380 
 445 O 52:2 27°8 
 486°5 52°3 313 
 442-1 52°7 32°0 
 442-1 52°7 32:0 
 442-1 52°7 32°0 
 535°5 63:0 26°8: 
 535°5 63°0 26°8 
 527°6 63°2 22-0 
 527°6 63°2 22:0 
 455°0 58:0 23:4 
 549-9 62-0 42°6 
 515°3 59°8 23°8 
 470°3 538°2 22°83 
 563-1 60-0 35°9 
 563-1 60-0 35°9 
 520°2 56-0 34°6 
 500°0 57°5 34:0 
 495-4 52:2 34°8 
 495-4 51°8 34°56 
 493-4 51:8 34°5 
 
Name of Vessels. 
 
 GERMAN. 
 
 Deutschland : 
 Kaiser Wilhelm der Geoe 
 Pennsylvania 
 Pretoria . 
 
 Graf Meaiderece:. 
 
 Patricia ... re 
 Grosser Kurfiirst 
 Kaiser Friedrich 
 Barbarossa 
 
 Konig Albert 
 
 Hamburg : 
 Friedrich der Grosse 
 Koningin Louise 
 Bremen ... 
 
 Bulgaria... 
 
 Main 65 
 Batavia ... 
 Belgravia 
 Rhein 
 Kiautschou 
 
 Prinzess Irene ... 
 Augusta Victoria 
 
 Fiirst Bismarck .. as 
 Kaiserin Maria eresia.. 
 Bengalia... 
 
 Frankfurt “ie 
 Bethania... 
 
 Belgia 
 
 Bosnia 
 
 Pheenicia 
 
 Koln 
 Hannover 
 Columbia 
 Drachenfels 
 
 Russian. 
 
 Smolensk 
 Moskva ... 
 
 Tonnage. | 
 Gross. | Net. | 
 15,500 = 
 14,349 | 5,521 
 | 18,265 | 8,505 
 18,190 | 8,404 
 13,148 | 8,878 
 13,023 8,250 
 12,500 
 12,480 | 5,1 147 
 10,769 | 6,886 
 10,648 | 6,590 
 10,600 | 6,598 
 10,568 | 6,767 
 10,566 | 6,728 
 10,525 6,683 
 10,237 6,550 
 10,200 | 6,000 
 10,178 | 6,510 
 10,155 | 6,492 
 10,058 | 6,398 
 10,000 s 
 10,000 f. 
 8,479 8,568 
 8,430 | 8,226 
 8.278 | 8,014 
 7,661 | 4,910 
 7,500 — 
 7,492 | 4,889 
 7,490 | 4,850 
 7,486 | 4,824 
 7,412 | 4,750 
 7,409 | 4,666 
 7,805 | 4,635 
 7,241 | 2,299 
 7,144 | 4,674 
 7,270 2,730 
 7.267 | 2,784 
 
 4.1 
 
 Port of registry. 
 
 Hamburg 
 Bremen 
 Hamburg 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 be) 
 Bremen 
 Hamburg 
 Bremen 
 
 9 
 
 Hamburg 
 Bremen 
 
 7 
 ”? 
 Hamburg 
 
 Bremen 
 Hamburg 
 
 9? 
 Bremen 
 
 Hamburg 
 
 Bremen 
 Hamburg 
 
 ”? 
 Bremen 
 Hamburg 
 
 Bremen 
 Hamburg 
 
 ) 
 
 Bremen 
 
 urd 
 Hamburg 
 Bremen 
 
 Odessa 
 
 Table 9—continued. 
 Steam Vessels above 7,000 gross tonnage—continued. 
 
 Dimensions. 
 
 When 
 
 built. 
 
 Length. | Breadth. 
 Ft. Ft. 
 
 1900 662-7 67:0 
 1897 626°7 66:0 
 1896 559°4 62-2 
 1897 561°0 62°2 
 1898 561-2 62°2 
 1899 584:0 62°3 
 1899 559°7 62:0 
 1897 581°7 63°7 
 1896 526°4 60:0 
 1899 499°3 60°2 
 1899 499°3 60:1 
 1896 523:0 60:1 
 1896 523°1 60:1 
 1897 5251 60:2 
 1898 501°4 62:2 
 1899 500-0 58:0 
 1899 501°3 62:2 
 1899 501-1 62-2 
 1899 501°0 581 
 1900 §24°2 60:1 
 1900 524°2 60°2 
 1889 522-2 56°4 
 1890 504°4 57°6 
 1890 §28°4 51°8 
 1898 485:0 57:0 
 1899 _ — 
 1899 485:0 57:0 
 1900 485-0 57°5 
 1899 485:0 57°4 
 1894 461:2 52°3 
 1899 480-0 54:0 
 1899 430-0 54°3 
 1889 463°5 55'°6 
 1899 456:0 58:1 
 1900 470:0 58°2 
 1898 487°0 58:2 
 
 Number above 7,000 gross tonnage of each nationality. 
 
 British 
 
 Nationality. 
 
 American ... 
 
 Dutch 
 French 
 German 
 
 Russian 
 
 Total 
 
 Number. 
 
 136 
 
 Depth. 
 
 Ft. 
 
 40-4 
 39°0 
 30-0 
 37°9 
 377 
 
 37°71 
 39°0 
 37°9 
 34:6 
 34°6 
 
 B4°5 
 34°8 
 d4°9 
 34°8 
 34°6 
 
 37°0 
 34°6 
 34°5 
 36°7 
 B4°5 
 
 34°7 
 33°38 
 34°1 
 06°9 
 32°9 
 
 32°9 
 32°8 
 32:7 
 31:9 
 
 B4°5 
 39°5 
 35°) 
 22°5 
 
 33°7 
 26-0 
 
th 
 Cog! 
 Ss 
 =z 
 aa 
 a 
 ee 
 ro) 
 > 
 = 
 e 
 = 
 = 
 7 
 
 Nn arse Te 
 
Table 10. 
 
 es. 
 
 Nationa ee 
 
 5,000 | 5,000—7,000. 7,000—10,000.) Over 10,000. Total. 
 0 224 63 22 8,034 
 1 22 it 4 946 
 0 4 ae ua 216 
 Belgian 4 4 aa — 119 
 Brazilian ¥ 4 we ee 209 
 Chilian... 11 ag Se "ee 51 
 Danish ... 5 1 re, Pe 375 
 French 2 15 5 2 650 
 German 4 68 15 19 1,223 
 Grecian A Bre t< a ys 140 
 Dutch ... LO i 1 2 290 
 Italian ... 17 1 ior a 313 
 Japanese 2 17 eck ae 496 
 Norwegian 41 ep Tee we 824 
 Portuguese |, a ee oes 48 
 Russian AUT 10 2 an 480 
 Spanish 10 5 Be oe 442, 
 Swedish Ae es ae ef 689 
 Turkish shes as ae — 110 
 pee. 
 Total .75 372 87 49 15,655 
 | 
 
42 
 Table 10. 
 
 Classification according to Gross Tonnage of the Steam Vessels belonging to various nationalities. 
 [Lloyd’s Register of British and Foreign Shipping, 1900. ] 
 
 SS a ee Ee 
 
 Number of Steamers of a Gross Tonnage of 
 Nationality. 7 , 
 100—200, 200—400. 400—600. 600—800. 800—1,000. | 1,000—1,200. | 1,200—1,400. 1,400—1,700. | 1,700—2,000. | 2,000—3,000. | 3,000—4,000. | 4,000—5,000 | 5,000—7,000. 7,000—10,000.; Over 10,000. Total. 
 
 British ... 208 pelea, 0b 903 453 372 332 327 269 348 394 1,208 783 290 224 63 22 8,084 
 American ane a 127 129 107 37 41 B4 37 53 64 187 62 41 22 1 4 946 
 Austria-Hungarian... 30 18 11 7 8 6 6 12 26 50 28 10 4 oes ae 216 
 Belgian sue ae 39 6 2 10 8 5 u 4 3 19 8 4 4 Of ao 119 
 Brazilian ah Be 18 54 56 29 11 11 4 Ihe 6 3 men ais Ag a seh 209 
 Pichaneee eee it 9 8 5 6 4 1 1 ee 2 12 2 i ae 51 
 Danish ... oe sels 49 60 41 23 27 B4 22 47 18 80 18 5 1 oot 375 
 French Ss Seve 116 72 31 28 34 85 32 55 38 89 66 82 15 5 2 650 
 German ae ae 212 106 87 102 107 48 55 85 53 151 Tal 44 68 15 19 1,223 
 Grecian ne oe 18 16 10 10 10 3 3 22 ili 35 2 ee Sx “iA? ay 140 
 Dutch ... a0 ane 37 21 14 27 18 25 23 22 17 45 27 10 i 1 2 290 
 Ttalian ... Be tae 24 20 22 16 12 19 25 25 30 79 23 17 1 ts as 313 
 Japanese nen art 163 92 53 25 9 15 12 22 20 AT 19 2 17 ae Sec 496 
 Norwegian oo ae 105 122 138 97 66 68 61 49 30 49 38 1 sis ac Sch 824 
 Portuguese aie 456 23 2 3 ae 1 ea 1 1 2 © 6 ain aCe we ar 48 
 Russian me ae 59 100 78 55 38 41 25 18 16 19 12 7 10 | 2 BOF 480 
 Spanish apie ae 61 23 31 82 36 31 23 37 32 91 30 10 5 tie ar 442 
 Swedish is so 236 1383 83 41 38 38 33 46 21 16 3 1 | = eC eas 689 
 Turkish Bos a 22 30 9 6 2 6 ial 6 9 8 1 ee ae | no ae 110 
 
 Total ... ...| 3,899 1,915 1,234 923 802 747 650 869 792 2,142 | 15199 475 | 9872 87 49 15,655 
 
 i ee gxweeere—e 
 
Table 11. 
 rtion of the whole Kingdom. 
 
 Total. 
 
 Year. London. London. Rest of the United Kingdom. eet i yal ae 
 Yoereis: | ho s. Tonnage. Vessels. | Tonnage. Vessels. Tonnage. 
 1853 11,639 2,5 . ia uae mes ie 
 1854 | 10,808 2.54 a ae 2 Te 7 
 1855 9,624 2.3 5.228.970 a ne ee Ah 
 pa 9,696 ren 5,488,856 | 152,825 | 17,975,552 15°8 93-4 
 ea 10,539 vb 9 5,776,288 | 155,881 | 18,781,720 155 93°5 
 : : 11,083 os 5,882,589 | 152,381 | 18,645,804 158 24-0 
 859 | 10,694 8G, 5,898,518 | 158,694 | 19,652,688 156 93:1 
 ian en 2, 9% 6,111,643 | 162,669 | 20,946,749 15:3 22-6 
 a she : 3,12, 6,299,211 | 161,500 | 21,661,203 14:9 225 
 fae ees a 6,456,602 | 165,094 | 21,754,566 14:9 22:9 
 ae aque ia 3,41 6,556,017 | 163,440 | 22,128.873 14:9 29:8 
 126 3,34 6,309,192 | 164,297 | 22,409,604 138 22:0 
 face Freie a : 6,681,034 | 165,126 | 23,706,014 138 22:0 
 ina aa Be 6,813,003 | 163,902 | 25,062,307 13:5 91:4 
 oe sabe oe 6,623,534 | 162,692 | 25,163,895 130 208 
 a CEREe y! 5 6,602,677 | 157,284 | 24,944,658 13-4 20°9 
 207 6,693,861 | 160,365 | 25,795,878 13:0 20°6 
 ne me 4,03) 6,881,185 | 163,485 | 26,329,882 126 20:7 
 ie oe fos 6,848,642 | 166,982 | 27,973,819 11:8 19-7 
 a 847 6.787.678 | 167.484 | 29,217,412 11:8 18°8 (,) 
 ty, ere es —|—7.776,040 | 196,698 | 52,518,814 | 165 | 193 
 , 6% 8,177,125 | 191,928 | 32,588,690 18-0 20:1 
 joa ele a 8,646,969 | 192,078 | 33,387,224 18:1 20°6 
 td ae Bc 9,074,519 | 197,399 | 35,891,406 181 20:2 
 fats Aiea io. 9,390,519 | 200,049 | 37,423,457 18°5 20:1 
 1879 10-795 B50 9,120,274 | 200,096 37,855,767 18°3 19°6 
 of 9,607,453 | 196,196 | 37,158,115 18:9 20°5 
 ae aad ao 10,078,578 | 204,483 | 89,987,251 18-5 20:2 
 piace WEG na Poe 10,001,526 | 199,390 | 39,066,084 189 20°4 
 Risae Meri ats a 10,248,037 | 203,221 | 40,702,982 18:7 20'1 
 Be feo sos Ro 11,002,768 | 201,924 | 42,057,404 19:3 20-7 
 11,345,542 | 194,397 | 40,063,340 19:9 29-1 
 1885 | 10,190 6,77 11,748,770 | 196,894 | 41,083,504 | 19-2 29:2 
 1886 9,991 6,70 11,597,756 | 195,080 | 40,225,317 18°9 99°4 
 1887 | 10,145 6,75 11,919,927 | 199,418 | 41,574,114 195 29:3 
 1888 | 10,385 7,29 12,599,451 | 211,501 | 48,557,953 18:9 29°4 
 1889 | 10,4938 7,36 12,355,244 | 216,789 | 44,949,675 183 216 
 1890 | 10,848 7,53 12,607,427 | 209,107 | 44,971,788 17:9 21-9 
 1891 9,965 7,44 12,636,634 | 204,701 | 44,619,462 18:2 22-1 
 1892 | 10,106 7,67 12,925,699 | 205,494 | 45,552,129 18:7 22-1 
 1893 9,841 7,66 13,450,979 | 204,799 | 45,422,576 19-0 22:8 
 1894 |) 10,224 8,17 14,008,965 | 211,187 | 48,287,704 181 22:5 
 1895 | 10,084 8,35 14,210,285 | 207,580 | 48,317,596 18-2 BDA 
 1896 | 10,772 8,81 14,974,362 | 216,516 | 50,488,564 18°6 22:9 
 ees Fae a 15,187,261 | 214,102 | 51,520,260 18°4 22:8 
 ’ , 14,664,493 | 203,291 50,765,585 10°7 22°4 
 1899(v)| 10,868 9,24 14,682,971 | 204,396 52,553,149 10°4 21:8 
 
 Faversham and Colchester. 
 
Year. 
 
 1853 
 1854 
 
 1855 
 1856 
 1857 
 1858 
 1859 
 
 1860 
 1861 
 1862 
 1868 
 1864 
 
 1865 
 1866 
 1867 
 1868 
 1869 
 
 1870 
 1871 
 1872 
 1873 
 1874 
 
 1875 
 1876 
 1877 
 1878 
 1879 
 
 1880 
 1881 
 1882 
 1883 
 1884 
 
 1885 
 1886 
 1887 
 1888 
 1889 
 
 1890 
 1891 
 1892 
 1898 
 1894 
 
 1895 
 1896 
 1897 
 1898(b) 
 1899(/) 
 
 43 
 
 Shipping entered with cargoes at the Port of London and the Ports of the rest of the United Kingdom; and London’s proportion of the whole Kingdom. 
 
 From Foreign Countries, 
 
 [“ Trade and Navigation” (1853-70), and “ Navigation and Shipping” (1871-99) Returns. ] 
 
 Coastwise. 
 
 Total. 
 
 Table 11. 
 
 London. Rest of the United Kingdom. Tonos Oster eet London. Rest of the United Kingdom. eee pes London. Rest of the United Kingdom. Loe Bee icinedom.. 
 Vessels. Tonnage. Veszels. Tonnage, Vessels, Tonnage. Vessels. Tonnage. Vessels. Tonnage. Vessels. Tonnage. Vessels. Tonnage. Vessels. Tonnage. Vessels. Tonnage. 
 11,639 2,530,488 23,664 5,267,062 33:0 32:5 20,832 3,191,449 = = 5 = 32,471 5,721,937 — = — = 
 10,808 2,596,784 21,720 5,302,958 33:2 32°9 20,328 3,155,412 — — — = 31,136 5,752,196 _ — — = 
 9,624 2,376,047 18,652 4,642,421 34:0 33:9 19,040 2,852,223 = = = a 28,664 5,228,270 — — — = 
 9,696 2,559,806 20,909 5,681,858 31-7 311 18,989 2,923,550 | 181,916 12,293,694 12°6 19-2 28,685 5,483,356 | 152,825 17,975,552 15°8 23°4 
 10,539 2,779,682 22,156 5,952,124 32-2 318 17,990 2,996,606 | 133,175 12,829,596 11:9 18:9 28,529 5,776,288 | 155,331 18,781,720 15°5 93°5 
 11,083 2,931,552 23,518 5,885,985 32:0 33:3 17,538 2,951,037 | 128,863 12,759,819 12:0 18°8 28,621 5,882,589 | 152,381 18,645,804 15:8 24-0 
 10,694 2,802,463 25,601 6,288,180 29°5 30'8 18,689 3,096,055 | 133,093 13,364,508 12:3 18°8 29,383 5,898,518 | 158,694 19,652,688 15:6 93:1 
 11,108 2,957,082 27,252 7,097,899 28:9 29°4 18,365 3,154,561 | 185,417 13,848,850 11:9 186 29,473 6,111,643 | 162,669 20,946,749 15°3 226 
 10,769 3,128,135 26,813 7,477,044 28°7 29°5 17,406 3,171,076 | 184,687 14,184,159 11:4 18°3 28,175 6,299,211 | 161,500 21,661,203 14:9 22-5 
 11,549 3,313,078 28,590 7,427,730 28°8 30°9 17,295 3,143,524 | 136,504 14,326,836 112 18:0 28,844 6,456,602 | 165,094 21,754,566 14:9 92:9 
 11,521 3,411,880 80,390 7,725,478 27:5 30°6 17,040 3,144,187 | 133,050 14,403,395 11-4 17:9 28,561 6,556,017 | 163,440 22,128,873 14:9 228 
 11,126 3,333,025 80,983 7,969,085 26°4 29°5 15,184 2,976,167 | 183,314 14,440,519 10:2 17:1 26,310 6,309,192 | 164,297 22,409,604 13:8 22:0 
 11,525 8,615,654 32,962 8,543,040 25:9 29°7 14,923 8,065,380 | 132,164 15,162,974 1071 16:8 26,448 6,681,034 | 165,126 23,706,014 13:8 93:0 
 11,616 3,791,597 34,771 9,485,593 25:0 98°6 14,015 3,021,406 | 129,131 15,576,714 9-8 16:2 25,631 6,813,003 | 163,902 25,062,307 13°5 21-4 
 10,878 3,687,878 34,030 9,653,570 24-2 27°6 13,370 2,935,656 | 128,662 15,510,325 9-4 15:9 24,248 6,623,584 | 162,692 25,163,895 13:0 20:8 
 11,141 8,775,502 34,844 10,076,155 24:2 728 13,134 2,827,175 | 122,390 14,868,503 9-7 16:0 24,275 6,602,677 | 157,234 24,944,658 13°4 20°9 
 11,267 3,896,380 35,316 10,590,820 24:2 269 12,599 2,797,481 | 125,049 15,205,558 9:2 15°5 23,865 6,693,861 | 160,365 25,795,878 13:0 20°6 
 10,727 4,031,263 35,198 10,879,479 23°4 27:0 12,793 2,849,872 | 128,237 15,450,403 91 6,881,185 | 163,435 26,829,882 126 20:7 
 10,654 4,181,059 36,620 12,274,283 92:5 25°4 11,763 2,667,583 | 130,362 15,699,536 8:3 6,848,642 | 166,982 27,973,819 118 19:7 
 11,347 4,272,884 42.068 13,633,056 21:2 93:9 ic 11,028 2,514,794 | 125,366 15,584,356 $1 6,787,678 __|_167,434 29,217,412 118 188 (a) 
 10,804 4,480,933 42.337 14,314,124 20°3 23:8 27,193 3,295,107 | 153,361 18,199,190 15°3 7,776,040 | 195,698 82,513,314 16°5 19°3 
 11,241 4,671,676 41,270 14,409,730 214 24:5 30,828 3,505,449 | 150,658 18,178,960 17:0 8,177,125 | 191,928 32,588,690 18:0 2071 
 11,078 4,823,583 40,055 14,216,345 21°77, 25:3 31,458 3,823,386 | 152,023 19,120,879 17:1 8,646,969 | 192,078 33,387,224 181 20°6 
 11,298 5,202,432 42,658 15,824,239 20°9 24:7 32,282 8,872,087 | 154,741 20,067,167 17:3 9,074,519 | 197,399 35,891,406 181 20°2 
 11,827 5,583,794 43,241 16,547,832 21°5 25°2 33,446 3,806,727 | 156,808 20,875,625 17:6 9,890,519 | 200,049 37 423,457 18°5 20:1 
 10,992 5,250,814 40,662 16,067,432 91:3 94-6 33,793 3,869,460 | 159,434 21,288,335 17:5 ; 9,120,274 200,096 3 1,355,767 18:3 19°6 
 10,725 5,509,020 36,708 15,590,824 22°6 26:1 35,024 4,098,433 | 159,488 21,567,791 18:0 16:0 45,749 9,607,453 | 196,196 37,158,115 18:9 20°5 
 10,842 5,819,950 42.745 18,173,330 20°2 94:3 35,686 4,258,628 | 161,738 21,763,921 18-1 16-4 46,528 10,078,578 | 204,483 39,987,251 18°5 20:2 
 10,245 5,664,761 38,928 17,559,947 208 24°4 36,323 4,336,765 | 160,462 21,506,137 18°5 16°8 46,568 10,001,526 | 199,390 39,066,084 18:9 90:4 
 10,534 5,956,560 41,110 18,858,489 20°4 24:0 86,115 4,291,477 | 162,111 21,844,498 18-2 16°4 46,649 10,248,037 203,221 40,702,982 18:7 2071 
 10,615 6,447,269 40,361 19,863,049 208 94:5 37,663 4,555,499 | 161,563 22,194,355 18°9 17:0 48,278 11,002,768 | 201,924 42,057,404 19:3 20-7 
 10,409 6,591,225 36,504 18,105,460 999, 26°7 37,780 4,754,817 | 157,893 21,957,880 193 178 48,189 11,345,542 | 194,897 40,068,340 19:9 22:1 
 70,625 3,838 36.7 78 0.115 2,189.66 : 907 748,77 196,894 41,083,504 19:2 92:2 
 10,190 6,770,622 36,782 18,893,838 21-7 26:4 36,717 4,978,148 | 160,112 22,189,666 18:7 183 46,907 11,748,770 6,894 083, 
 9,991 6,704,792 | 34,691 17,978,437 22:4 27°2 35,448 4,892,964 | 160,339 | 22,246,880 18:1 18:0 45,489 | 11,597,756 | 195,030 | 40,225,317 189 22-4 
 10,145 6,757,162 36,408 19,242,648 218 26:0 38,200 5,162,765 | 163,010 22,331,466 19:0 18°8 48,345 11,919,927 | 199,418 41,574,114 19:5 29:3 
 10,385 7,291,825 36,948 19,785,357 219 26:9 38.828 5,807,626 | 174,553 23,772,596 18:2 18:2 49,213 12,599,451 211,501 43,557 958 18:9 22:4 
 10,493 7,360,213 38,858 21,157,607 91:3 258 37,970 4,995,031 | 177,981 23,792,068 17°6 17°3 48,463 12,355,244 | 216,789 44,949,675 18:3 21:6 
 10,843 7,532,174 88,641 21,446,818 911 26:0 35,333 5,075,253 | 170,466 23,524,970 17°2 IVP? 45,676 12,607,427 209,107 44,971,788 17:9 219 
 9.965 7,446,776 36,485 20,654,008 915 26:5 85,590 5,189,858 | 168,216 23,965,454 17:5 178 45,555 12,636,634 204,701 pie 18:2 22-1 
 10,106 7,672,216 38,018 21,857,658 21:0 26:0 37,024 5,253,483 | 167,476 23,694,476 18:1 18:1 47,130 12,925,699 205,494 45,552,129 18:7 22:1 
 9,841 7,660,202 36,688 21,135,534 212 266 38,074 5,790,777 | 168,111 24,287,042 185 19-2 47,915 13,450,9 9 204,799 45,422,576 19°0 228 
 10,224 8,176,817 38,772 22,964,309 90:9 96:3 36,303 5,827,148 | 172,415 25,278,895 17°4 18°7 46,527 14,003,965 | 211,187 48,237,704 181 22:5 
 10,084 8,352,345 37,545 23,005,828 21:2 266 36,231 5,857,940 | 170,085 25,311,768 176 18:8 46,315 14,210,285 207,580 48,317,596 18-2 22:7 
 10,772 8,813,752 39,067 24,665,810 216 26°3 38,641 6,160,610 | 177,449 25,822,724 17:9 19:3 49,413 14,974,362 216,516 50,488,564 18°6 22:9 
 10,734 8,957,104 39,414 25,679,017 21:4 95:9 37,437 6,230,157 | 174.688 25,841,213 17°6 19-4 48,171 15,187,261 | 214,102 51,520,260 18:4 28 : 
 7 Sachs ak Sance Sa0g aa ae TM s7 ae ae a ee 7 ~ 24,473 | 14,664,493 | 203,291 50,765,585 10°7 
 11,119 9,285,980 38,65! 25,229,824 22:3 26:9 13,354 5,078,513 | 164,636 25,535,761 7-5 17-4 24,473 664,49 291 0,76: 
 10,868 9,244,593 39,678 26,981,283 DALLES 25°5 12,843 5,488,878 | 164,718 25,571,866 7:2, We 23,711 14,682,971 | 204,396 52,553,149 10:4 218 
 
 (a) There is clearly an alteration in the basis adopted in the official retnrns at this point, though no explanation appears to be given. . , 
 (b) Coastwise—For the years 1898 and 1899 the returns exclude vessels trading within the Hstuary of the Thames, within the Ports of London, Rochester, Faversham and Colchester. 
 
Tabie 12. 
 
 Shipping cleared with c (“Trade and Navigation” (1853-70) and “ Navigation and 
 
 Total. 
 
 Year. London London Rest of the United Kingdom 
 
 ‘ of the United Kingdom. 
 
 Vessels. | Tonnage. | Tonnage. Vessels. 
 
 Tonnage. Vessels. Tonnage. 
 
 1858 4,745 1,262,74 2,247,227 as — — —_ 
 1854 4,805 1,341,00 2,275,856 — at — = 
 1855 4,890 1,849,54 2,227,724 = — — — 
 1856 5,221 1,538,92 2,510,158 | 182,449 22,464,860 73 101 
 1857 5,818 1,561,22 2,587,316 | 186,213 23, 642, 559 7:0 9:9 
 1858 5.056 1,599,28 2,615,550 | 181,258 23,187,865 7:0 1071 
 1859 5,070 1,569,90) 2,646,064 184,189 24, 107,370 To 98 
 1860 5,008 1,568,93 | 2,645,984 | 188,080 | 25,151,402 68 9:5 
 1861 5,596 1,643.6 2,705,045 | 191,432 | 26,003-357 67 94 
 1862 5,262 1,775,75 2,835,865 | 192,112 | 26,309 214 6:5 9:7 
 1863 5,580 1,906,1 3,029,710 | 188,165 26,384,101 68 10°3 
 1864 5,158 1.786,1 2,854,468 | 187,877 | 26,911,148 65 9:6 
 1865 5,265 1,842.19 2,964,000 185,018 27,968,739 6°7 9°6 
 1866 5,292 1,914,8 8,044,842 | 188,050 | 29,548,448 66 93 
 1867 5,194 1,942,2 3,072,675 | 182,332 | 80,182,200 66 9-2 
 1868 5,427 2.039,7 3,220,879 | 178,234 30,090,692 WEAN 9°7 
 1869 5,768 2,,206,8 3,358,406 176,260 30,406,840 76 9°9 
 1870 5,568 2,207,0 8,410,629 181,453 31,560,976 7-5 98 
 1871 6,317 2,506,2 3,785,678 | 185,899 33, 652, 002 8:0 10°71 
 1872 6,033 2,560,0 3,876,808 176,112 33, 294, 44] 8'°6 10°4 
 1873 6,063 2,.688,8 8,967,504 | 188,749 34,305,578 8:0 10°4 
 1874 6,199 2,899,6 4,147,219 | 186,604 35, 029, 803 79 10°6 
 1875 6 209 2,945,2 4,268,788 | 189,406 36,824,935 75 10°4 
 1876 6,272 3,184,5 4,508,673 | 194,928 38, 498, 310 7°5 10°5 
 1877 6,228 8,138.7 4,497,623 192,451 38,920,072 7-6 10°4 
 1878 6,156 3,174,6 4,578,614 194,589 39, 544,182 7-6 10°4 
 1879 6,115 8,272,64 . 4,650,707 | 197,757 41,305,989 7°4 101 
 1880 6,375 3,607,9 5,026,248 205,175 44,390,346 74 10°2 
 1881 6,322 3,686,9 5,140,697 202,611 44,564,850 Y fal: 10°4 
 1882 6.357 3,702.8 5,178,217 | 206,879 | 46,100,320 8:0 10°1 
 1883 6,314 3,853,6 5,483,380 204,612 47, 992,489 86 10°3 
 1884 6,445 4,127,0 5,884,610 | 199,754 47,563,222 9:0 110 
 1885 6,310 4,242.8 6,012,415 | 201,398 | 47,951,358 8:9 111 
 1886 6,323 4,418,9 6,183,781 | 198,958 47,415,678 9:0 115 
 1887 6,334 4,320,8 6,229,504 | 205,232 48,065 909 92 11°3 
 1888 6,371 4,618,9 6,645,966 | 221,649 52,798,655 92 11:2 
 1889 6,450 4,711,4 6,705,474 226,205 58,838,462 9:2 111 
 1890 6,547 5,027,7 7,076,794 | 216,655 54,167,694 94 116 
 1891 6,259 5,004,1 7,067,393 214,630 54, 926,037 9°4 11:4 
 1892 6,378 5,187,8 7,348,711 213,047 54 ‘328, 640 9°7 11°9 
 1893 6,039 4,804,5 7,010,217 | 212,393 54, 768,054 9°9 11-4 
 1894 6,271 5,245,4 7,598,024 216,648 58,199,045 10:0 11:5 
 1895 6,241 5,293,3 7,613,877 | 214,127 58,536,265 97 115 
 1896 6,722 5,679,6 8,009,963 | 221,237 60,325,459 99 LE7 
 1897 6,818 5,869,7 8.175.404 222,270 62. 094, 415 9°4 116 
 1898(a)| 6,997 6,212,9 8,014,913 | 212,086 61,453,820 via) 12°2 
 1899(a)| 6,881 6,042,0 8,250,733 | 214.629 | 65,336,806 7-2, 11:2 
 
 ster, Faversham, and Colchester. 
 
44 
 Table 12. 
 
 Shipping cleared with cargoes from the Port of London and from the rest of the United Kingdom; and London’s Proportion of the whole Kingdom. [“Trade and Navigation” (1853-70) and “ Navigation and 
 Shipping” (1871-99) Returns.] 
 
 ee 585888 a em 
 To Foreign Countries. 
 
 Coastwise. Total. 
 F x: London’s P ion, 5 : a: , : , : 
 Year. London. Rest of the United Kingdom. rears tea foes London, Rest of the United Kingdom, eye Enel a London. Rest of the United Kingdom. erie eae 
 Vessels. Tonnage. Vessels. Tonnage. Vessels. Tonnage. Vessels. Tonnage. Vessels. Tonnage. Vessels. Tonnage. Vessels. Tonnage. Vessels. Tonnage. Vessels, Tonnage. 
 
 1858 4,745 1,262,748 29,772 6,320,868 Shy 16°6 9,286 984,484 = = = = 14,031 2,247,227 — — —_ == 
 1854 4,805 1,341,007 80,842 6,529,529 135 17:0 8,886 934,849 _ oa = 13,691 2,275,856 — — — — 
 1855 4,890 1,349,542 32,093 6,999,122 13:2 16:2 8,483 878,182 = ae = = 138,378 2,227,724 —_ as. _ — 
 1856 5,221 1,533,926 36,182 8,127,408 12°6 15°9 9,059 976,232 | 146,317 14,887,452 5:8 64 14,280 2,510,158 | 182,449 22,464,860 7:3 101 
 1857 5,318 1,561,221 39.080 8,778,352 12:0 151 8,726 1,026,095 | 147,188 14,864,207 6:0 6:5 14,044 2,587,316 | 186,218 23,642 559 7:0 99 
 1858 5.056 1,599,283 37,811 8,343,141 11:8 16:1 8,548 1,016,267 | 148,447 14,844,724 56 6:4 18,604 2,615,550 | 181,258 23,187,865 7-0 10:1 
 1859 5,070 1,569,904 38,042 8,674,059 118 15°3 9,091 1,076,160 | 146,147 15,433,311 5:9 65 14,161 2,646,064 | 184,189 24,107,370 7:2 98 
 1860 5,008 1,568,930 39,479 9,214,007 ile 146 8,818 1,077,004 | 148,601 15,987,395 56 6:4 13,821 2,645,934 | 188,080 25,151,402 68 9°5 
 1861 5,596 1,643,680 42,885 9,676,124 i) 145 8,083 1,061,365 | 148,547 16,327,233 5-2 61 13,679 2,705,045 | 191,482 26,003,357 67 9-4 
 1862 5,262 1,775,753 43,703 9,934,096 10°7 15:2 8,147 1,060,112 | 148,409 16,375,118 5-2 61 13,409 2,835,865 | 192,112 26,309. 214 6:5 9:7 
 1863 5,530 1,906,126 42,864 9,981,679 11:4 16:0 8,290 1,123,584 | 145,301 16,402,422 5:4 64 13,820 3,029,710 | 188,165 26,384,101 68 103 
 1864 5,158 1,786,134 | 42,120 10,386,640 10°9 14:7 7,801 1,068,334 | 145,757 16,524,508 51 61 12,959 2,854,468 | 187,877 | 26,911,148 6:5 96 
 1865 5,265 1,842,136 42,952 10,985,015 10:9 14:4 8,035 1,121,864 | 142,066 16,983,724 5:3 6-2 13,300 2,964,000 | 185,018 27,968,739 67 96 
 1866 5,292 1,914,384 44,482 12,095,710 10°6 13°7 7,627 1,129,958 | 138,618 17,447,733 5:3 61 12,919 3,044,342 | 183,050 29,543,448 66 93 
 1867 5,194 1,942,201 46,257 12,905,380 10°71 13:1 7,155 1,130,474 | 136,075 17,276,820 5:4 61 12,949 8,072,675 | 182,382 30,182,200 6:6 9:2 
 1868 5,427 2,039,753 47,478 13,433,266 10°3 13:1 8,178 1,181,126 | 130,756 16,657,426 5:9 6:6 13,600 3,220,879 | 178,284 30,090,692 71 9:7 
 1869 5,768 2,206,306 46,235 13,710,678 111 140 8,731 1,152,100 | 130,025 16,696,162 63 6:5 14,494 3,358,406 | 176,260 30,406,840 7-6 9:9 
 1870 5,568 2,207,037 47,703 14,506,901 10°4 13°2 9,125 1,203,592 | 133,750 17,054,075 6:4 6:6 14,688 8,410,629 | 181,458 31,560,976 7-5 98 
 1871 6,317 2,506,204 52,398 16,541,251 10°7 132 9,879 1,279,474 | 133,506 17,110,751 6:9 7:0 16,196 3,785,678 | 185,899 38,652,002 8:0 10:1 
 1872 6,033 2,560,067 50,464 16,688,285 10-7 13°3 10,482 1,816,741 | 125,648 16,606,156 7-7 7:3 16,515 3,876,808 | 176,112 38,294,441 86 10-4 
 1873 6,063 2,688,821 48,039 16,450,544 11:2 14:0 10,284 1,278,683 | 140,710 17,855,034 6:8 6:7 16,347 3,967,504 | 188,749 34,305,578 8:0 10°4 
 1874 6,199 2.899,671 47,554 16,853,816 11'5 14-7 9,882 1,247,548 | 139,050 18,175,487 6:6 6:4 16,081 4,147,219 | 186,604 35,029,803 7:9 10°6 
 1875 6 209 2,945,204 48,119 17,468,535 11:4 14:4 9,264 1,318,534 | 141,287 19,356,400 6:2 6:4 15,478 4,263,738 | 189,406 36,824,985 75 10°4 
 1876 6,272 8,184,525 49,879 18,376,188 112 146 9,611 1,869,148 | 145,049 20,122,122 62 6:4 15,883 4,508,678 | 194,928 38,498,310 750) 10°5 
 1877 6,228 3,138,779 46,788 18,056,577 11°8 148 9,564 1,358,844 | 145,713 20,863,495 62 61 15,792 4,497,623 | 192,451 38,920,072 7-6 10°4 
 1878 6,156 3,174,696 46,593 18,406,992 ile 14:7 9,981 1,403,918 | 147,946 21,137,190 63 62 16,137 4,578,614 | 194,589 39,544,182 76 10°4 
 1879 6,115 3,272,649 46,541 19,576,708 116 14:3 9,790 1,878,058 | 151,216 21,729,281 61 6:0 15,905 4,650,707 | 197,757 41,305,989 74 101 
 1880 6,875 3,607,952 51,072 22,077,718 111 14:0 10,088 1,418,296 | 154,103 22,312,628 61 6:0 16,463 5,026,248 | 205,175 44,390,346 7-4 10:2 
 1881 6,322 3,686,982 48,590 22,649,711 11°5 140 10,470 1,458,715 | 154,021 21,915,139 6:4 6:2 16,792 5,140,697 | 202,611 44,564,850 7-7 10:4 
 1882 6,357 3,702,898 50,259 23,995,965 11:2 134 11,579 1,475,819 | 156,120 22,104,355 6:9 6:3 17,936 5,178,217 | 206,879 46,100,320 8:0 101 
 1883 6,314 3,853,681 49,241 25,519,479 11°4 eel 13,026 1,629,699 | 155,871 22,473,010 7-7 6:8 19,340 5,483,380 | 204,612 47,992,489 86 10°3 
 1884 6,445 4,127,045 47,318 25,146,617 12:0 14:1 13,394 1,757,565 | 152,441 22,416,605 81 7:3 19,8389 5,884,610 | 199,754 47,563,222 9:0 110 
 1885 6,310 4,242,887 46,076 25,074,894 12:0 14:5 13,312 1,769,578 | 155,317 22,876,464 7:9 7-2, 19,622 6,012,415 | 201,893 47,951,358 8:9 he 
 1886 6,323 4,418,999 44,317 24,688,641 12°5 15:2 13,319 1,764,732 | 154,686 22,727,032 7-9 7:2, 19,642 6,183,731 | 198,958 47,415,673 9:0 11:5 
 1887 6,334 4,320,304 45,085 25,850,833 12:3 14:3 14,519 1,909,200 | 160,147 22,215,576 8:3 76 20,8538 6,229,504 | 205,232 48,065,909 9-2 ilies 
 1888 6.371 4,618,998 45,924 27,045,447 12:2 14:6 16,011 2,026,973 | 175,725 25,748,208 8:3 7:3 22,382 6,645,966 | 221,649 52,793,655 92 11:2 
 1889 6,450 4,711,458 48,095 28,337,423 118 14:3 16,483 1,994,016 | 178,110 25,501,039 8:5 7-3 22,938 6,705,474 | 226,205 58,838,462 9-2 111 
 1890 6,547 5,027,777 48,012 28,829,306 12:0 14:8 15,891 2,049,017 | 168,643 25,338,388 86 7°5 22,438 7,076,794 | 216,655 54,167,694 94 116 
 1891 6,259 5,004,190 47,725 29,209,250 | 11:6 146 15,904 2,063,203 | 166,905 25,716,787 8:7 74 22,168 7,067,393 | 214,680 54,926,087 9-4 11-4 
 1892 6,378 5,187,898 46,409 28,755,927 | 121 15°3 16,585 2,155,813 | 166,688 25,572,718 91 78 22.968 7,848,711 | 213,047 54,328,640 9°7 11:9 
 1893 6,039 4,804,519 44,641 28,147,932 11:9 14°6 17,211 2,205,698 | 167,752 26,620,122 9°3 76 23,250 7,010,217 | 212,393 54,768,054 9-9 114 
 1894 6,271 5,245,456 46,602 30,532,276 11:9 14:7 17,836 2,352,568 | 170,046 27,666,769 9°5 7:8 24,107 7,598,024 | 216,648 58,199,045 10:0 11:5 
 1895 6,241 5,298,372 46,262 30,979,114 11:9 14:6 16,794 2,820,505 | 167,865 27,557,151 9:1 78 23,035 7,613,877 | 214,127 58,536,265 9'7 11'5 
 1896 6,722 5,679,601 47,415 32,023,694 12°4 151 17,601 2,380,862 | 178,822 28,301,765 9:2, 76 24,323 8,009,963 | 221,237 60,325,459 99 117 
 1897 6,818 5,869,729 48,396 38,438,547 13 14:9 16,226 | 2,805,675 178,874 28,655,868 _ oe O ee | SY bee 3s (23,044 | 8.175.404 | 222,270 | 62,094,415 9:4 116 
 1898(a)| 6,997 6,212,918 47,665 33,249,724 12°8 ia 7 10,257 2,299,995 | 164,371 28,204,096 59 Wo 17,254 8.012.918 | 212,086 | 61,458,820 Wao 12°2 
 
 83 6,042,050 50,949 36,946,270 118 14:1 9,818 2,208,688 | 163,680 28,390,036 SPY) 7-9 16,649 8,250,733 | 214,629 65,336,306 7:2. 11:2 
 1899(a)} 6,881 U4, > ) , 
 
 a a a a a ST SoS SSS SSS EES SSS 
 
 (a) Coastwise—For the years 1898 and 1899 the returns exclude all vessels trading within the Estuary of the Thames, within the Ports of London, Rochester, Faversham, and Colchester. 
 
Tonnage of Shipping 
 
 [The figures as to tons 
 
 Table 13. 
 
 of the United Kingdom; and London’s Proportion of 
 
 nd Navigation” (1861) and “ Navigation and Shipping ” 
 
 1891. 
 
 1899. 
 
 Country from which en London’s London’s 
 Rest of proportion Bost of proportion 
 United Kingdom.) fe saree luted Ringdar ees 
 Kingdom. Kingdom. 
 Russia ... 1,610,172 29°3 618,515 1,820,285 25°2 
 Sweden 1,181,372 24:9 432,068 1,637,044 20:9 
 Norway 1,140,048 155 323,601 1,446,420 18:3 
 Denmark 442, 755 6'8 25,470 1,133,895 22 
 Germany 3,206, 569 162 584,263 4,603,345 113 
 Holland 2,605,836 27°0 1,066,044 4,349,624 19°7 
 Belgium 2,244,556 14:2 718,639 2,978,129 19°4 
 France... 5,268,537 7-4 297,166 5,536,638 51 
 Portugal 131,488 10°7 68,672 172,018 27°0 
 Spain ... 2,086,300 96 244,598 8,598,214 64 
 Italy 168,538 38:6 104,299 491,428 17°5 
 Austria... 87,228 224 18,766 83,382 18°4 
 Greece .. 70,192 36°3 16,3870 189,786 79 
 Bulgaria 3,907 ies <A 8,711 Rr 
 Roumania (Wallachia atl ] 345,164 78 22,058 195,610 10°1 
 Turkish Dominions 157,936 44-6 79,262 141,776 35:9 
 Egypt - 388,991 130 47,117 417,128 101 
 Tripoli, rUirrnite and Moroged 95,715 93:9 45,970 59,477 ae 
 Persia a es He 10,208 ye 100°0 
 bats 4,557 49°3 492 437 93'0 
 mae. bes 100°0 34,769 3,308 os 
 Japan ... 4,146 94:7 258,398 4,562 98°2 
 Philippine and other Pacifid 66,025 33:1 93,281 30,102 436 
 United States ... 4,285,015 18:5 1,366,822 5,707,559 19°3 
 Cuba, Bia and San Domi 6,778 3:8 460 16.167 2-8 
 Mexico.. 24,199 O71 7,996 97,728 76 
 Central America 6,425 41:4 11,258 1,477 88°4 
 Argentine Republic 800,612 14-4 505,692 746.972 | 40-3 
 Chili 232,196 14:7 35,558 191,702 156 
 Brazil . 159,872 48 cae 130,238 Ve: 
 Other South Matas Cen 129,235 51 7.397 182.893 3-9 
 Whale and Deep-sea Fishej 2.718 1a. ee 11,415 ire 
 Foreign Possessions 336,425 14:2 84,767 452,739 158 
 Total Foreign Co 26,688,512 17'6 7,044,971 36,482,314 16:2 
 Channel Islands : 227.818 . 128.53 2 
 Gibraltar, Malta and Gozo ; Fe eke as Ue: 
 land} ; 8,433 6: 6,174 29,861 ‘ 
 West Africa and ecensign 79,425 se 549, er ats 171 
 South Africa ; 141,658 48:0 213,569 130,982 45'6 
 Kast Africa and Mauritius 5,414 80:7 27,810 J 682 
 India, Straits Settlements 
 Kong... 797,656 46°7 756,465 538,602 58°6 
 See and New Zealand 46,525 938 884.828 129,596 87:2 
 ritis orth America 1.147.014 : 28 DAA 63: . 
 British West India Islands} ” - a i Bee eos 
 Honduras, Guiana and Fal 78,595 514 87,617 27,156 76°3 
 Total British Pos| 9 539.538 43-2 2,392,979 8,005,654 44:3 
 Total Foreign C 
 British Possesy 99 991,050 20°7 9,437,950 | 89,487,968 19°3 
 
 (a) The figurés relatin ds, then a British possession, but since transferred to Greece. 
 
Table 13. 
 
 Tonnage of Shipping entered from each of the Chief Foreign Countries and British Possessions at the Port of London, and at the Ports of the rest of the United Kingdom; and London’s Proportion of 
 the whole Kingdom. 
 
 [The figures as to tonnage for London and for the United Kingdom (and by deduction for the “rest of the United Kingdom”) are obtained from the “ Trade and Navigation” (1861) and “ Navigation and Shipping ” 
 (1871, 1881, 1891, & 1899) Returns. ] 
 
 Country from which entered, Saeeah pendons London’s | London’s London’s 
 London, _, Rest of i Lond _ Rest: of Prop Oren Rest of proportion Rest of proportion Rest of proportion 
 ” United Kingdom. of Unit a one Ons United Kingdom. df United London, United Kingdom, used London, United Kingdom, | ee 4 London, United Kingdom| ee 
 ingdom. Kingdom. Kingdom. | Kingdom. | Kingdom. 
 Russia ... bets a ae | 243,697 553,798 30°6 475,968 1,164,615 29:0 451,959 957,260 32° 667,42 1,610,175 
 d ? 2" ’ ae ie As 4 ae ; 5 72 z 618,515 1,820,285 é 
 Sweden 172,221 214,005 446 267,129 704,136 279 416,997 775.458 a 392, 760 1,181,372 ate 432,068 637/044 A 
 Norway 84,512 264,314 94°2, 186,762 605,366 23°6 201,056 746,834 919 209,578 1,140,043 155 323,601 1,446,420 18:3 
 Denmark 75,744 45,850 62:3 13,549 188,667 89 6,584 357,698 18 32,485 442,755 68 25,470 1,183,895 22 
 Germany 281,611 1,301,567 17°8 435,741 2,038,111 176 634,741 2,007,144 94:5 612,892 3,206,559 16:2 584,268 4,603,345 ilies} 
 Holland 210,335 578,288 926°7 252,325 1,254,876 16°7 831,454 1,947,310 14:5 968,088 2,605,836 27:0 1,066,044 4,349,624 19:7 
 Belgium 102,009 332,117 23°5 198,993 1,124,869 15:0 249,164 1,823,942 158 371,380 2,244,556 14:2 718,639 2,978,129 19:4 
 France ... 196,203 1,769,407 10:0 400,497 2,464,142 140 417,378 4,058,261 9:3 421,248 5,268,587 7-4 297,166 5,586,688 byl 
 Portugal 30,662 97,419 23°9 52,865 159,802 24:9 37,208 161,032 18°8 15,809 131,488 10°7 63,672 172,018 27:0 
 Spain ... 44,972 202,462 18°2 70,377 580,232 108 140,049 1,729,066 7-5 216,741 2,036,300 96 244,598 8,598,214 64 
 Italy 51,857 119,060 30°3 56,847 171,088 24:8 72,417 244,235 229 108,045 163,588 38:6 104,299 491,423 17°5 
 Austria... 16,076 58,611 O3ull 10,101 55,104 15:5 6,219 81,012 16:7 10.747 37,228 924 18,766 83,382 18°4 
 see 9,002 6,455 58:2 27,636 51,072 35°1 42,233 30,453 58'1 39,984 70,192 36°3 16,370 189,786 Che) 
 ulgaria iG ane ae sos ae ace i ve s nan 3,907 aa a 8,711 ase 
 Roumania (Wallachia and Moldavia) os 6,441 69,145 8:5 6,875 74,978 84 34,217 167,149 WAG) 29,244 845,164 7°8 22,053 195,610 10:1 
 Turkish Dominions . 22,879 130,310 14:9 41,540 219,814 15:9 38,986 156,574 19:9 126,940 157,986 44:6 79,262 141,776 35:9 
 Egypt . 29,868 165,817 15°3 33,217 347,750 87 31,673 250,693 MED 58,318 388,991 13:0 eure valley 417,128 10:1 
 Tripoli, amis oof) Merones 7,545 18,627 35'6 7,019 29,856 19:°0 10,419 135,116 7-9 80,128 95,715 93:9 45,970 59,477 43:6 
 Persia nue 289 coe 100°0 598 os 100:0 hc ac cae os mh 10,208 ae 100°0 
 Siam .. 654 toe 100°0 sas 1,287 2,272, 36:2 4,494 4,557 49:3 492 437 53:0 
 China ... 67,248 8,972 88:2 108! 240 100:0 121,943 30,879 79:8 152,623 wr 100°0 34,769 3,308 91:3 
 Japan ... . 8,550 Bh 100°0 4,556 a 100°6 25,251 654 97°5 78,854 4,146 94:7 258,398 4,562 98:2 
 Philippine and other Pacite Islands 538 9,852 19,146 34:0 22.533 25,148 47:3 31,260 72.635 30:1 32,611 66,025 33:1 23,281 30,102 43:6 
 United States ... 271,440 1,716,370 13:7 282,100 2,274,609 11:0 678,327 4,355,996 13°5 970,718 4,285,015 18:5 1,866,822 5,707,559 19°3 
 Cuba, Hayti and San Domingo | 76,272 98,416 43:7 1,813 11,228 13:9 — 14,013 et 266 6,773 | 38 "460 16,167 28 
 Mexico.. a ABs 23,368 es 6,194 22,048 21:9 10,718 42.077 20°3 8,984 24,199 a7 1 7,996 97,728 76 
 Central America 87,712 276,046 24:1 6,978 3,031 69°8 10,429 5,635 653 4,548 6,425 41:4 11,258 1,477 88:4 
 Argentine Benvlie | 6,909 55,925 111 23,147 43.916 34:5 50,797 800,612 14:4 505,692 746,972 40:3 
 pik (a) (a) (a) |. 598 66,155 9 1,081 116,840 9 40,074 | 232196 | 14-7 35,558 | 191.702 | 156 
 Brazil . ) ) 14,089 185,229 7-0 27,475 224,243 10:9 8,139 159,872 48 130,238 us 
 Other South Peaeriean Countries (54,867 268,979 16°8 31,997 116,873 21:5 6,958 129,285 51 7,397 182,893 3:9 
 Whale and Deep-sea Fisheries Abe 8,099 abit see 6,274 Kise aoe 9,097 ies a 2,718 ae one 11,415 ahs 
 Foreign Possessions . 43,092 169,993 20:2 67,841 271,636 20°0 58,760 387,967 ieee: 55,695 386,425 14:2 84,767 452.739 15:8 
 Total Foreign Countries 2,145,743 8,237,657 20°7 3,113,707 14,374,285 17:8 4,139,424 | 20,502,229 168 5,710,943 | 26,688,512 17°6 7,044,971 | 36,482,814 16:2 
 Channel Islands 90,938 135,199 40:2 104,756 146,087 418 98,061 215,887 31:2 105,626 227,818 31:7 128,583 295,278 30:3 
 Gibraltar, Malta and Goro (and Heligo- 
 land : 41,363(5 14,536(b)| 74-0(b) 24,967 9,312 72:8 25,308 10,907 69:9 10,778 8,483 5671 6,174 29,861 17:1 
 ) iz 
 West Africa and Racenninn eee 6,852 4,947 58°1 3,985 2,557 60°9 Fe 79,425 sae 542 156,913 ) 
 South Africa ... cvs sot 63,522 86,978 63:2 87,330 31,962 53:9 83,141 87,433 A8'7 180,881 141,658 48:0 213,569 > 130,982 >| 45°6 
 Hast Atrica and Mencia ab 5 11,1538 iS ilabyy 46:0 10,185 7,258 58°4 22,582 5,414 80°7 27,810 ) 682 
 India, Straits Settlements and Hong 
 Kong es : 366,492 384,936 52:3 511,696 405,861 558 645,019 599,174 518 699,580 797,65 46:7 756,465 533,602 58'6 
 Australia and New Zealand 99,459 14,085 87'6 220,815 7,879 96:8 408,557 62,608 866 700,544 46,525 938 884,828 129,596 87:2 
 British North America 190,682 1,123,102 14:5 147,271 1,022,904 126 266,267 1,098,661 19°5 178,804 1,147,01 13:2 287,441 1,701,634 14:4 
 British West India Islands | 4 943 9 On. 7 590 89 453 Se 2~ NOR 99958 > 9907 7Q KOR ' R47 97.156 ‘ 
 eit cetina end Walkdand Isl: aa 164,94: 119,954 57:9 146,590 189,456 51:3 135,096 122,258 525 83,227 78,595 51:4 87,617 27,15¢ 76:3 
 Total British Possessions 1,017,899 1 af 1B, 790 36°4 1,211,480 1,780,525 40°5 1,670,619 2,206,748 43:1 1,927,022 2,532,538 43:2 2,392,979 8,005,654 44:3 
 Total Foreign Countries and 
 British Possessions 8,163,142 | 10,016,447 | 240 | 4,825,187 | 16,154,760 | Q1-1 | 5,810,043 | 22,708,972 | 20:4 | 7,687,965 | 29,221,050 | 207 | 9,487,950 | 39,487,968 | 193 
 
 a 
 
 (a) The figurés relating to these countries are for this year included with Central America in the returns. 
 
 (b) These figures for 1861 include the Ionian Islands, then a British possession, but since transferred to Greece. 
 
Table 14. 
 
 | of the United Kingdom ; and London’s Proportion of 
 
 he “Trade and Navigation” (1861) and “ Navigation 
 
 London’s London’s 
 
 Country to which Rest of proportion Reskot proportion 
 : F per cent. London, P : per cent. 
 United Kingdom. of United United Kingdom.) or Whitea 
 
 Kingdom. Kingdom. 
 
 Russia ... 
 Sweden... 
 Norway 
 
 Denmark 
 Germany 
 
 Holland 
 Belgium 
 France... 
 Portugal 
 Spain ... 
 
 Italy re 
 Austria... ie ee 
 Greece .. 
 
 Bulgaria o. 
 Roumania (Wallachia a1 a 
 
 Turkish Dominions 
 pee 
 
 Egypt . 
 
 Arabia . 
 
 Tripoli, Tunis and Mor 
 
 Persia ... 
 Siam 
 
 China ... 
 Japan ... 
 Philippine and ‘other Pa 
 
 United States ... 
 Cuba, Hayti and San D 
 Mexico .. 
 
 Central WGneriods 
 
 Argentine hagas 
 Gmit. ... 
 
 Brazil . 
 
 Other South American 4 
 Whale and Deep Sea Fi 
 Foreign Possessions 
 
 Total Foreign 
 
 Channel Islands : 
 Gibraltar, Malta and G 
 
 land) * : 
 West Africa and Ascen 
 South Africa ... . 
 East Africa and Mauriti 
 
 India, Straits Settlemen 
 Australia and New Zeal 
 British North America 
 
 British West India Isla 
 Honduras and Guiana.. 
 
 Total British 
 
 Total Foreig 
 British Pos 
 
 1,373,495 
 1,281,317 
 1,129,614 
 1,139,872 
 3,880,630 
 
 1,055,251 
 1,290,509 
 4,248,752 
 
 356,673 
 1,316,580 
 
 2,162,620 
 96,884 
 157,778 
 1,921 
 165,082 
 
 821,999 
 1,521 
 981,121 
 
 14,183 
 
 1,105 
 97,390 
 46,799 
 42,313 
 
 8,877,869 
 4,195 
 99,948 
 8,158 
 
 467,881 
 361,246 
 825,769 
 351,133 
 
 3,683 
 
 1,041,369 
 
 27,704,600 
 
 316,763 
 
 488,802 
 
 94,249 
 415,699 
 122,454 
 
 1,471,927 
 350,580 
 943,643 
 
 262,336 
 
 4,461,453 
 
 32,166,053 
 
 SE KKH 
 IPOD POOhD- 
 Soa Coendhoaewd NOoordo 
 
 | [oo ore 
 
 e 
 ro) 
 
 8°8 
 
 BS CD 
 P| wooODEm NHNwwg 
 i Do@mwoc§ Hos] 
 
 251,204 2,520,470 91 
 176,831 1,961,049 83 
 221,279 1,838,844 14:2 
 82,175 1,448,149 2:2 
 594,309 8,854,571 13°4 
 1,182,492 1,675,078 40°3 
 788,740 1,562,853 33°5 
 447,250 5,443,263 76 
 19,977 354,730 53 
 195,974 1,885,704 9:4 
 26,287 8,008,458 ‘9 
 20,846 231,252 8:3 
 1,276 238,194 5 
 
 es 8,319 — 
 12,184 154,663 73 
 54,151 800,346 153 
 
 ae, 9,728 — 
 12,221 1,183,246 1:0 
 1,487 56,521 2°6 
 1,702 3,564 32:3 
 
 aes 2,662 — 
 24,507 46,007 34'8 
 141,347 281,981 33°4 
 7,155 89,193 15°4 
 1,181,345 5,248,706 18-4 
 657 152,537 ‘4, 
 1,480 118,897 12 
 1,949 17,907 98 
 45,982 987,021 4:7 
 17,0380 355,023 4:6 
 80,757 767,490 38 
 21,870 490,637 4:3 
 
 = 4,904 = 
 245,821 1,836,312 15°5 
 5,710,185 | 87,027,769 13°4 
 21,888 390,998 5-3 
 5,047 410,421 12 
 5,233 174,957 29 
 149,624 538,794 21:9 
 48,233 184,804 20:7 
 264,580 1,280,641 177 
 675,944 258,626 727 
 157,990 1,487,729 9°6 
 52,401 121,110 30°2 
 1,380,940 4,788,075 22°4 
 7,091,125 | 41,815,844 145 
 
46 
 
 Table 14. 
 
 Tonnage of Shipping Cleared to each of the Chief Foreign Countries and British Possessions from the Port of London and from the Ports of the rest of the United Kingdom; and London’s Proportion of 
 
 the whole Kingdom. 
 
 [The figures as to tonnage for London and for the United Kingdom (and by deduction for the “rest of the United Kingdom”) are obtained from the “Trade and Navigation” (1861) and “ Navigation 
 and Shipping” (1871, 1881, 1891, & 1899) Returns.] 
 
 —_— EE LO __O_e———— 
 
 1861. 
 
 1871. 
 
 1881. 
 
 1891. 
 
 1899. 
 
 Country to which cleared, opera qendon's London’s London’s London’s 
 Rest of Rest of proportion proportion proportion e proportion 
 London. United Kingdom. Be London. Ninibed "Kid eaera’ ae oad London. United! ‘Kivedom, ee ees London. Unites Kinedom, Lee London. Doe cae Baa a 
 Kingdom. Kingdom. Kingdom. Kingdom. Kingdom. 
 Russia ... es. 102,481 481,709 17:5 114,795 | 1,027,854 10:0 134,562 | 1,233,187 98 241,254 | 1,873,495 14:9 251,204 | 2,520,470 91 
 Sweden... ... oss 91.723 241,809 27°5 212,102 470,943 31-0 172,156 771,464 18°2 182,061 | 1,281,317 12°4 176,831 | 1,961,049 83 
 Norway 125,555 265,221 32-1 193,438 493,279 98:2 167,827 674.676 19°9 260.890 | 1,129,614 18°8 221979 | 1,838,844 14-2 
 Denney 169,049 419,341 98-7 136,029 607,987 183 108,917 819,767 IS, 110,860 1,139,872 89 82,175 1,448,149 2:2. 
 ermany 204,601 1,369,181 13:0 376,201 2,187,604 14-7 510,014 | 2,129,515 193 558,274 | 3,880,630 142 594,309 | 8,854,571 13:4 
 Belgian Tebere | ortrecty | eel | Cede Prete ere) cee) | tay (Pees aetaen i || Geek bi BEE 
 : : ; : 8! i 7,590 : 338,7 ,290,509 20°5 788,740 | 1,562,853 33:°5 
 Pian 210,248 | 1,459,967 12:6 876,762 | 2,277,614 14-2 874,771 | 8,596,764 94 281,885 | 4,248,752 62 447,250 | 5,448,263 76 
 ortug 18,185 158,990 106 53,180 182,279 226 72,288 238,987 23:2 30,670 356,673 79 19,977 354,730 53 
 Spain ... 85,250 471,159 7-0 37,517 541,599 65 60,237 | 1,144,552 50 115,637 | 1,816,580 8:0 195,974 | 1,885,704 9-4 
 Hale oe 1018 Bee 56 ae HME ay 32.377 | 1,218,587 26 78,927 | 2,162,620 3:5 26,287 | 8,008,458 ‘9 
 Le ae : i : 2 ; 11,676 54,824 17°6 1,183 96,884 12 20,846 231,252 8:3 
 Greece ... 2,761 20,522 119 2,335 60,840 3:7 2,220 94,4038 23 — 157,773 = 1,276 233,194 5 
 Bulgaria vee nee wee ee = — — — — — — —_ — — 1,921 — = 3,319 — 
 Roumania (Wallachia and Moldavia) ... 6,718 7,899 459 4,797 35,233 12:0 7,818 52,846 12:9 10,595 165,082 6:0 12,134 154,663 7-3 
 ne Dominions 6,081 161,523 3:6 18,166 284,747 6:0 17,362 231,490 7:0 30,955 821,999 8:8 54,151 300,346 153 
 yssinia — a — — — = — — = — 1,521 — = 9,723 — 
 Egypt te 2,025 178,682 12 14,507 546,575 26 1,524 641,109 2-4 — 981,121 = 12,221 1,183,246 10 
 MEER eR ss = = ae = 2,562 — _ 5,212 == = a a es — 
 Tripoli, Tunis and Moroceo 2,988 4,187 416 2,017 10,421 16:2 6,247 6,994 47:2 14,393 14,183 50°4 1,487 56,521 26 
 Persia ... 1,164 = 100:0 1,571 ke 100:0 = 881 — 1,067 = 100-0 1,702 3,564 39:3 
 Siam... 646 — 100:0 1,476 407 78:4 — 2117 — — 1,105 Se — 2,662 = 
 China ... 29,579 37,768 43.9 45,512 22,439 67:0 5,030 19,507 20°5 — 97,390 <= 24,507 46,007 34:8 
 apange wee: ect ee wie = os 16,174 16,281 49°8 4,015 18,167 18:1 272 46,799 6 141,347 281,981 33-4 
 Philippine and other Pacific Islands ... 364 13,933 25 1,097 9,737 101 2,762 58,139 49 — 42,313 — 7,155 89,193 154 
 United States... 0. we 252,522 | 1,478,293 146 226,085 | 2,488,784 8:3 548155 | 3,768,941 12:7 775,411 | 8,877,869 16-7 1,181,345 | 5,248,706 18:4 
 Cuba, Hayti and San Domingo 18,040 195,414 8:4 1,166 9,737 10°7 325 4,261 71 2,095 4,195 33:3 657 152,537 ‘4 
 Mexico te ames | = 11,914 An 3,277 84,734 8°6 4,266 90,649 4:5 3,621 99,948 35 1,430 118,397 12 
 Central America 34,812 418,861 77 5,957 4,692 55°9 3,031 2,015 601 2,358 8,158 224 1,949 17,907 9:8 
 are Republic ee; ( 11,548 111,100 94 6,110 193,975 3:0 24,066 467,881 4:9 45,982 937,021 4-7 
 a oe, ee ; © () © | pee Nee 88 | avec 1 arisse | ane | vrrouill ceerzooe lean [ee eater ccm 
 pees Rove merica: Counce ae 21,595 346,045 59 28,986 202,218 12°5 11,628 351,133 32 21,870 490,637 4:3 
 ale and Deep Sea Fisheries = = 10,228 nee — 4,806 -- — 6,630 — — 3,633 — — 4,904 — 
 Foreign Possessions «.. 30,740 299,857 93 39,674 543,632 68 43,167 840,488 49 48,058 | 1,041,369 4:4 245,821 1,336,312 15°5 
 Total Foreign Countries ...| 1,648,378 8,717,170 15°9 2,407,525 | 15,115,157 13°7 2,951,268 | 20,889,414 12°4 4,193,423 | 27,704,600 13:1 5,710,185 | 37,027,769 , 13°4 
 Channel Islands Pie a ao 7,194 158,032 4:5 7,428 179,959 4:0 13,523 280,834 4:6 16,009 316,763 48 21,888 390,993 5:3 
 Gibraltar, Malta and Gozo (and Heligo- 
 
 Ignd) ae ee ee ee 38,395(b)| 195,467(b)| 14-6(») 45,326 237,487 16:0 18,608 526,081 34 3,174 483,802 6 5,047 410,421 12 
 West Africa and Ascension a ) ( 9,572 138,273 419 3,189 7,504 29°8 2,885 94,249 30 5,233 174,957 29 
 South Africa ahs ay 70,981 74,508 48°83 39,3849 49,263 44°4 185,338 235,229 44:1 189,697 415,699 313 149,624 538,794 21:9 
 East Africa and Mauritius si 11,842 90,594 116 12,504 106,751 10°5 5,693 122,454 4: 48,233 184,804 
 
 ) > 4 ’ , 20 ie 
 India, Straits Settlements & Hong Kong] 236,928 572,050 29°3 354,512 911,847 28°0 463,435 1,426,850 24'5 428,172 | 1,471,927 22°'5 264,580 1,230,641 177 
 Reread Waniicalaed eee 2.) © 219 287 117.879 65:1 237,797 66,959 78:0 560,497 198,258 73:9 718,436 350,580 67:0 675,944 258,626 72-7 
 British North America ! 117,420 991,543 10:8 93,408 888,080 9°5 164,181 1,078,835 13:2 187,357 943,643 ilepy 157,990 1,487,729 9:6 
 Deaaayevlies Toda Lalas 4 ‘ 99,728 166,097 37:5 116,529 192,074 37°8 105,717 202,514 34:3 97,706 262,836 27-1 52,401 121,110 30°2 
 Total British Possessions 784,928 2,270,576 95°7 915,763 2,629,536 25'8 1,526.992 4,062,856 27°3 1,594,129 4,461,453 263 1,380,940 4,788,075 294 
 
 Total Foreign Countries and 
 British Possessions 2.428.306 | 10,987,746 18:1 8,323,288 | 17,744,693 158 4,478,260 | 24,952,270 15:2 5,787,552 | 32,166,053 15°2 7,091,125 | 41,815,844 14:5 
 
 { 
 Dennen eee eee 
 (a) The figures relating to these countries are for this year included with Central America in the returns. 
 
 ‘h These figures for 1861 inglude the Ionian Islands, then a British Possession but since transferred to Greece. 
 
 7 
 
AZ 
 Table 15. 
 
 Value of Imports into the Port of London and the ports of the rest of the United Kingdom; 
 and London’s proportion of the whole Kingdom. 
 
 [The figures as to London and the United Kingdom (and by deduction for the “ rest of the United 
 
 Kingdom,”) are obtained from the “ Trade” (1872-99) Returns. | 
 
 Value of Imports into the 
 London’s Proportion 
 Year. per cent. of the 
 Port of London, (@) Pace Kingdorn, eee 
 1872 124,174,141 | 230,519,483 30°0 
 1873 127,561,118 | 248,726,259 34°4 
 1874 130,962,119 239,120,582 35°4 
 1875 135,102 452 238,837,125 36°1 
 1876 134,885,015 240,269,688 35°9 
 1877 140,332,773 254,086,909 33°6 
 1878 126,696,104 242,074,638 34:4 
 1879 129,105,188 233,886,687 39°6 
 1880 141,442,907 269,786,658 34:4 
 1881 189,809,484 257,218,005 35°2 
 1882 142,507,974 270,511,634 34°5 
 1883 145,189,505 281,752,074 34°0 
 1884 141,901,621 248,116,948 36°4 
 1885 132,699,036 238,268,919 30'8 
 1886 128,008,767 221,854,705 36°6 
 1887 129,480,751 232,796,813 30°7 
 1888 138,183,465 249,452 278 30'°7 
 1889 144,711,517 | 282,926,078 33°8 
 1890 144,515,992 | 276,176,005 34°4 
 1891 149,473,286 285,967,978 34:3 
 1892 144,273,415 279,520,467 34°1 
 1893 141,560,207 263,127,971 35°0 
 1894 141,455,868 266,888,942 34°6 
 1895 145,047,445 271,642,218 34°8 
 1896 146,852,558 294,956,346 33:2 
 1897 151,209,683 299,819,277 33°5 
 1898 155,669,956 314,874,746 331 
 1899 164,105,695 320,929,888 33'8 
 
 (a) From Ist April, 1884, the returns include Queenborough with London ; previous to this it was included with Rochester. 
 
48 
 Table 16. 
 
 Value of Exports from the Port of London and the Ports of the rest of the United Kingdom; and 
 London’s proportion of the whole Kingdom. 
 
 (The figures as to London and the United Kingdom (and by deduction for the “rest of the United 
 Kingdom ”) are obtained from the ‘“ Trade and Navigation ” (1857-70) and the “ Trade” (1871-99) Returns. ] 
 
 Home Produce. Foreign and Colonial Produce. TOTAL. 
 ’ ’ ’ 
 Year. Port ee . ug proportion Park oe os Ae proportion Port ne es ae proportion 
 nitec | ; nite | ts nite ts 
 of London. Kingdom. i United of London. Kingdom. fic United of London. Kingdom. The United 
 Kingdom. | Kingdom. Kingdom. 
 £ £ ay £ aS £ 
 1857 | 27,882,848 | 94,288,759 | 228 
 1858 | 28,886,839 | 87,721,917 | 24:8 
 1859 | 30,220,109 | 100,191,420 | 23:2 
 1860 | 30,837,688 | 105,058,539 | 292-7 
 1861 | 30,974,525 | 94,128,289 | 24:8 
 1862 | 31,523,812 | 92,468,452 | 25:4 
 1868 | 36,211,510 | 110,890,882 | 24:7 
 1864 | 86,554,913 | 123,894,140 | 92:8 
 1865 | 87,009,718 | 128,826,007 | 29:3 
 1866 | 41,449,797 | 147,467,789 | 21:9 
 1867 | 40,172,280 | 140,789,698 | 99-9 | 
 1868 | 48,276,648 | 186,401,169 | 24°1 | 
 1869 | 45,250,638 | 144,703,819 | 23°8 | \ rp ¢ormatioln not available. 
 1870 | 45,606,785 | 153,980,087 | 22:8 
 1871 | 48,447,297 | 174,618,865 | 21:7 
 1872 | 53,222,779 | 203,084,568 | 20°8 
 1878 | 57,199,098 | 197,965,505 | 22°4 
 1874 | 60,232,118 | 179,826,008 | 25:1 
 1875 | 57,928,927 | 165,542,086 | 25:9 
 1876 | 52,071,239 | 148,567,965 | 26:0 
 1877 | 51,985,826 | 146,907,289 | 261 
 1878 | 48,145,873 | 144,708,041 | 25:0 
 1879 | 47,335,758 | 144,196,005 | 24.7 
 1880 | 52,600,929 | 170,459,517 | 23°6 
 1881 | 58;581,539 | 175,441,189 | 25:0 
 1882 | 58,585,803 | 182,881,359 | 24:3 | 89,884,523 | 25,309,029 | 61:2 | 98,470,826 | 208,190,888 | 32:1 
 1883 | 55,229,721 | 184,569,752 | 23:0 | 39,989,352 | 25,648,245 | 60-9 | 95,219,073 | 210,217,997 | 312 
 1884 | 54,407,872 | 178,617,370 | 23:3 | 39,594,208 | 23,848,188 | 62:9 | 94,002,075 | 201,965,508 | 31°8 
 1885 | 50,517,252 | 162,564,527 | 23°7 | 34,845,778 | 28,518,421 | 59-7 | 85,363,025 | 186,077,948 | 31°5 
 1886 | 46,125,495 | 166,599,705 | 21-7 | 34,455,430 | 21,778,888 | 61:3 | 80,580,925 | 188,378,538 | 30:0 
 1887 | 46,023,152 | 175,890,758 | 20°7 | 85,889,715 | 24,009,260 | 59:5 | 81,362,867 | 199,900,018 | 28°9 
 1888 | 50,211,258 | 184,323,654 | 21:4 | 87,572,768 | 26,469,861 | 58°7 | 87,784,026 | 210,793,515 | 29°4 
 1889 | 48 251,282 | 200,683,913 | 194 | 39,572,979 | 27,084,505 | 59:4 | 87,824,261 | 227,768,418 | 27-8 
 1890 | 51,880,718 | 211,649,872 | 19:7 | 87,181,720 | 27,589,818 | 57-4 | 89,012,483 | 239,239,685 | 27-1 
 1891 | 50,987,444 | 196,247,706 | 20°6 | 36,133,504 | 25,745,064 | 58:4 | 87,120,948 | 221,992,770 | 28:2 
 1892 | 44,640,564 | 182,565,835 | 19:6 | 87,835,987 | 26,587,830 | 58:7 | 82,476,501 | 209,153,665 | 28°3 
 1898 | 42,811,028 | 175,948,690 19:4 | 34,858,762 | 24,524,790 | 584 | 76,664,790 | 200,478,480 | 27-7 
 1894 | 41,618,507 | 174,892,180 | 19:3 | 84,588,586 | 23,191,644 | 59:8 | 76,202,098 | 197,583,774 | 27:8 
 1895 | 44,661,604 | 181,466,642 | 19:8 | 35,009,277 | 24,694,884 | 58:6 | 79,670,881 | 206,161,526 | 27:9 
 1896 | 51,822,304 | 188,823,247 | 21:4 | 31,905,570 | 24,828,093 | 56:7 | 83,227,874 | 218,151,340 | 28-1 
 1897 | 49,851,251 | 184,368,457 | 21:3 | 32,800,648 | 27,153,762 | 54:7 | 82,651,899 | 211,522,219 | 281 
 1898 | 49,125,872 | 184,233,368 | 21:0 | 32,554,787 | 28,100,011 | 53°7 | 81,680,609 | 212,333,379 | 27°8 
 1899 | 58,717,477 | 210,774,734 | 20°3 | 84,460,689 | 30,581,758 | 53:0 | 88,178,166 | 241,356,492 | 26°7 
 
 | { 
 
7, >> ¥ 
 OY SBS eh ie hated US 
 
49 
 
 Table 17 A. 
 
 Transhipment trade of London and of the United Kingdom. 
 [‘“‘ Trade and Navigation” (1853-70) and “Trade” (1871-99) Returns. | 
 
 A.—WINES AND SPIRITS. 
 
 Year. 
 
 18538 
 1854 
 1855 
 1856 
 1857 
 
 1858 
 1859 
 1860 
 1861 
 1862 
 
 1863 
 1864 
 1865 
 1866 
 1867 
 
 1868 
 1869 
 1870 
 1871* 
 1872* 
 
 1873* 
 1874* 
 1875* 
 1876* 
 1877* 
 
 1878* 
 1879* 
 1880* 
 1881* 
 1882* 
 
 1883* 
 1884* 
 1885* 
 1886* 
 1887* 
 
 1888* 
 1889 
 1890 
 1891 
 1892 
 
 18938 
 1894 
 1895 
 1896 
 1897 
 1898 
 1899 
 
 Imported for transhipment. 
 
 London. 
 
 Gallons, 
 
 749,996 
 749,996 
 601,171 
 947,817 
 1,158,129 
 
 1,089,584 
 1,568,230 
 1,120,722 
 1,156,768 
 1,601,254 
 
 1,824,461 
 9.92.1 384 
 1,884,927 
 2,455,882 
 1,955,012 
 
 2 618,589 
 3,291,193 
 4,077,556 
 3,418,263 
 3,204,694. 
 
 3,248 195 
 3,736,582 
 8,679,471 
 8,887,275 
 4,088,225 
 
 3,145,291 
 3,226,974 
 3,651,326 
 8,320,157 
 2,767,518 
 
 2,676,055 
 2,362,147 
 2,210,328 
 2,338,270 
 2,441,748 
 
 2,389,664 
 2,802,842 
 2,590,739 
 2,543,170 
 2,259,198 
 
 1,885,161 
 1,679,686 
 1,587,658 
 1,464,531 
 1,427,831 
 1,596,180 
 1,556,922 
 
 Rest of 
 
 United Kingdom. 
 
 Gallons. 
 
 80,326 
 80,326 
 83,672 
 
 124,295 
 
 275,748 
 
 155,757 
 197,017 
 227,034 
 258,445 
 220,996 
 
 248,952 
 256,149 
 380,885 
 637,818 
 571,862 
 
 675,680 
 935,169 
 1,088,670 
 664,478 
 731,616 
 
 1,083,875 
 940,875 
 709,415 
 729,899 
 
 1,016,635 
 
 1,201,058 
 1,111,297 
 1,421,617 
 1.511,780 
 1,646,993 
 
 2,041,314 
 1,884,165 
 1,354,452 
 959,920 
 877,820 
 
 1,001,310 
 2,807,294 
 2,587,679 
 2,176,785 
 2,421,948 
 
 2,508,526 
 2,236,040 
 2,532,836 
 2,361,807 
 2,518,346 
 2,669,488 
 2,489,568 
 
 Exported after transhipment. 
 
 London’s 
 proportion 
 of the London, 
 United 
 
 Kingdom. 
 
 per cent. Gallons. 
 90°3 749,996 
 90:3 749,996 
 87:7 601,171 
 88°4 947,317 
 80:8 1,158,129 
 87°5 1,089,584 
 88:8 1,568,230 
 83-2 1,120,722 
 81:7 1,156,768 
 87:9 1,601,254 
 88°2 1,824,461 
 89'7 2,221,384 
 83°2 1,884,927 
 79:4. 2,455,882 
 77:4 1,955,012 
 79.5 2,618,589 
 77:9 8,291,198 
 78:9 4,077,556 
 83°7 3,418,268 
 81:4 8,204,694 
 75:0 3,248,271 
 79:9 8,734,200 
 83:8 3,674,044 
 84:2 3,875,992 
 79:9 4,024,645 
 79-4 3,122,838 
 74:4. 3,222,596 
 72:0 3,635,686 
 68:7 8,289,708 
 62:7 2,735,208 
 56-7 2.662,525 
 556 2,352,017 
 G20 2,199,547 
 70:9 2,380,229 
 736 2.499, 847 
 70°5 2,366,813 
 50:0 2,760,800 
 50:0 2.551,015 
 539 2,502,660 
 483 2,205,502 
 49,9 1,886,313 
 42:9 1,672,672 
 385 1,591,736 
 38:3 1,473,312 
 36:2 1,430,221 
 37-4 1,600,981 
 385 1,555,038 
 
 London’s Total for the 
 
 Reat ot proportion United Kingdom. 
 
 United Kingdom.| of the 
 Kingdom. 
 
 Gallons, per cent. Gallons. 
 80,326 90°3 830,322 
 80,326 90°3 830,322 
 83,672 87°7 684,843 
 
 124,295 88'°4 1,071,612 
 275,748 80°8 1,433 877 
 155,757 87°5 1,245,341 
 197,017 88'°8 1,765,247 
 227,034 83:°2 1,347,756 
 258,445 81°7 1,415,218 
 220,996 87°9 1,822,250 
 243,952 88°2 2,068,413 
 256,149 89°7 2,477,533 
 380,885 83:°2 2,265,812 
 637,818 79°4 3,093,700 
 571,862 77:'4 2,526,874 
 675,680 79:5 3,294,269 
 935,169 77'9 4,226,362 
 1,088,670 78:9 5,166,226 
 664,478 83°7 4,077,741 
 731,616 81°4 3,936,310 
 1,088,799 74:9 4,332,070 
 942.707 798 4,676,907 
 714,842 83°7 4,588,886 
 741,182 83'°9 4,617,174 
 
 1,030,215 79'6 5,054,860 
 
 1,223,511 71:9 4,346,349 
 
 1,115,675 74:3 4,338,271 
 
 1,487,257 wad Bae’ 5,072,943 
 
 1,542,179 681 4,831,887 
 
 1,679,303 62°0 4,414,511 
 
 2,054,844 56 4 4,717 369 
 1,894,295 yeahh: 4,246,312 
 1 365,233 61°7 3,564,780 
 967,961 70°7 3,298,190 
 896,716 730 3,319,563 
 
 1,024,161 69:8 3,390,974 
 
 2,849,336 49:2 5,610,136 
 
 2,627,408 49:3 5,178,418 
 
 2,217,295 53°0 4,719,955 
 
 2,475,639 471 4,681,141 
 
 2,507,374 42'°9 4,393,687 
 
 2,248,054 42:7 3,915,726 
 
 2,528,758 38'6 4,120,494 
 2,353,026 38'5 3,826,338 
 2,515,956 36°2 3,946,177 
 2,664,687 37°5 4,265,618 
 2,491,452 38°4 4,046,490 
 
 * Excluding Wine which is not mentioned in the Returns for these years. 
 
Sree 
 Sa Saat “Sy 
 
50 
 
 Table 17 B- 
 Transhipment trade of London and of the United Kingdom. 
 
 [“‘ Trade and Navigation” (1853-70) and ‘“ Trade” (1874-99) Returas. | 
 
 B-KEA: 
 Imported for transhipment. Exported after transhipment. 
 Year. London’s London’s ee a seh 
 Rest of proportion Rest of SROPOE SI Bode oa 
 London. United Kingdom. A Doe London. United Ringtone ee 
 Kingdom. Kingdom. 
 lbs. lbs. per cent. lbs. lbs. per cent. lbs. 
 1853 237,511 12,208 95°1 237,511 12,208 95°1 249,719 
 1854 237,511 12,208 95'1 237,511 12,208 95:1 249,719 
 1855 127,697 9,340 93°2 127,697 9,340 93°2 137,037 
 1856 144,796 17,934 89:0 144,796 17,934 89:0 162,730 
 1857 20,166 49,628 28°9 20,166 49,628 28°9 69,794 
 1858 215,350 68,797 77:1 215,350 63,797 77:1 279,147 
 1859 276,994 33,477 89°2 276,994 83,477 89'2 310,471 
 1860 158,781 13,568 91:9 158,781 13,568 91:9 167,299 
 1861 581,711 10,618 98:2 581,711 10,618 982 592,329 
 1862 635,552 79,790 88:8 635,552 79,790 88'8 715,342 
 1863 1,831,664 92,423 93:5 1,831,664 92,423 93°5 1,424,087 
 1864 828,910 120 100°0 828,910 120 100:0 829,080: 
 1865 653,196 6,350 99:0 653,196 6,350 99:0 659,546 
 1866 691,264 7,165 99:0 691,264 7,165 99:0 698,429 
 1867 1,288,576 81,175 97:6 1,288,576 31,175 97°6 1,319,751 
 1868 2,323,118 129,437 94:7 2,323,118 129,437 94°7 2,452,550 
 1869 8,703,240 16,874 99°5 8,703,240 16,874 99°5 8,720,114 
 a 8,887,339 25,837 99'3 3,887,339 25,837 99°3 8,913,176 
 71 
 
 1872 Information | not available. 
 
 1873 
 
 1874 7,909,484 952,980 89:2 5,805,504 3,556,960 59:9 8,862,464 
 1875 11,125,136 217,657 98:0 6,690,436 4,652,357 59:0 11,342,793 
 1876 5,977,710 260,714 95°8 4,269,111 1,969,313 68:4 6,238,424 
 1877 12,964,048 49,958 99'6 9,879,320 3,184,681 75°9 13,014,001 
 1878 7,878,320 425,316 94:9 7,735,487 563,199 93:2 8,298,636 
 1879 8,083,618 249.721 971 8,030,788 295,601 96°4 8,326,339 
 1880 11,403,090 140,558 98'8 10,761,850 781,798 93°2 11,548,648 
 1881 10,825,556 214,914 97.9 10,325.556 214,914 97°9 10,540,470 
 1882 6,904,104 848,692 95°2 6,899,144 858,652 95°1 7,252,796 
 1883 6,602,761 608,455 91°6 6,596,074 610,142 91:5 7,206,216 
 1884 7,402,350 229,798 97:0 7,330,170 301,978 96:0 7,632,148 
 1885 10,637,236 169,601 98-4 10,577,086 229.801 97°9 10,806,837 
 1886 10,227,005 168,674 98:4. 10,210,205 185,474 98:2 10,395,679 
 1887 9,619,136 582,875 94:8 9,608,045 543,966 94'6 10,152,011 
 1888 16,319,666 872,946 97°8 16,308,257 884,355 97°7 16,692,612 
 1889 15,390,087 359,220 97°7 15,390,187 859,120 97°7 15,749,307 
 1890 9,704,800 502,776 95°0 9,704,800 502,776 95:0 10,207,576 
 1891 7,837,508 397,298 95:2 7,830,108 404,698 95°1 8,284,806 
 1892 7,889,254 697,245 91:9 7,894,254 692,245 91:9 8,586,499 
 1893 7,098,278 523,775 93:1 7,093,278 523,775 93°71 7,617,048 
 1894 6,952,482 613,140 91:9 6,952,482 613,140 91:9 7,565,622 
 1895 7,090,195 919,971 88°5 7,069,520 940,646 88°3 8,010,166 
 1896 8,359,456 923,478 90°1 8,359,462 923,472 90°71 9,282,934 
 1897 11,814,998 1,519,482 88:2 11,814,998 1,519,482 88:2 12,834,425 
 1898 8,020,056 976,609 89°1 8,020,056 976,609 89°71 8,996,665 
 1899 13,515,114 852,295 94:0 18,511,594 855.815 94:0 14,867,409 
 
Year. 
 
 1853 
 1854 
 1855 
 1856 
 1857 
 
 1858 
 1859 
 1860 
 1861 
 1862 
 
 1863 
 1864 
 1865 
 1866 
 1867 
 
 1868 
 1869 
 1870 
 1871 
 1872 
 
 18738 
 1874 
 1875 
 1876 
 1877 
 
 1878 
 1879 
 1880 
 1881 
 1882 
 
 1883 
 1884 
 1885 
 1886 
 1887 
 
 1888 
 1889 
 1890 
 1891 
 1892 
 
 1898 
 1894 
 1895 
 1896 
 1897 
 1898 
 1899 
 
 51 
 
 Table 17 C. 
 
 Transhipment trade of London and of the United Kingdom. 
 [‘‘ Trade and Navigation” (1853-70) and “ Trade” (1871-99) Returns. | 
 
 C.-TOBACCO AND CIGARS. 
 
 Imported for transhipment. 
 
 London. 
 
 lbs. 
 
 171,648 
 171,648 
 152,636 
 2,968,532 
 1,813,209 
 
 707,178 
 1,578,501 
 887,347 
 1,001,265 
 1,107,918 
 
 1,059,638 
 9,118,715 
 1,290,357 
 
 931,042 
 1,240,451 
 
 1,885,144 
 1,309,508 
 2,609,222 
 2.659,688 
 6,239,204 
 
 9,396,866 
 11,136,661 
 11,875,508 
 
 8,040,952 
 11,818,132 
 
 10,942,369 
 
 6,457,485 
 12,758,724 
 17,618,491 
 17,147,322 
 
 17,198,933 
 14,487,588 
 14,518,231 
 15,271,929 
 
 8,429,558 
 
 17,220,239 
 12,106,752 
 7,522,867 
 9,765,385 
 7,156,367 
 
 8,909,244 
 7,193,964 
 5,760,492 
 8,838,786 
 12,778,968 
 8,735,512 
 8,283,988 
 
 Rest of 
 
 , United Kingdom. 
 
 lbs. 
 
 15,269 
 15,269 
 28,661 
 281,248 
 103,479 
 
 77,186 
 200,978 
 174,049 
 179,302 
 
 96,847 
 
 892,405 
 1,771,236 
 814,341 
 804,442 
 688,809 
 
 1,034,078 
 8,095,902 
 5,895,935 
 4,275,905 
 9,891,809 
 
 14,802,588 
 14,845,471 
 13,246,374 
 10,621,632 
 
 7,154,307 
 
 9,480,666 
 7,136,058 
 6,034,006 
 5,406,128 
 2,925,976 
 
 3,732,377 
 8,609,701 
 4,861,758 
 4,585,492 
 5,249,880 
 
 5,879,725 
 9,822,561 
 8,078,903 
 7,870,319 
 7,858,221 
 
 7,865,670 
 5,554,451 
 7,520,909 
 7,740,876 
 11,165,807 
 15,783,014 
 15,348,610 
 
 London’s 
 proportion 
 of the 
 United 
 Kingdom. 
 
 per cent. 
 
 Exported after transhipment. 
 
 London, 
 
 lbs. 
 
 171,648 
 171,648 
 152,636 
 
 2,968,532 
 
 1,813,209 
 
 707,178 
 1,578,501 
 887,847 
 1,001,265 
 1,107,918 
 
 1,059,688 
 2,118,715 
 1,290,357 
 
 931,042 
 1,240,451 
 
 1,885,144 
 1,309,508 
 2,609,222 
 2,659,638 
 6,239,204 
 
 9,396,866 
 11,426,311 
 11,854,191 
 
 8,014,967 
 11,799,578 
 
 10,982,125 
 
 6,429,285 
 12,746,679 
 17,592,745 
 17,140,528 
 
 17,318,848 
 14,460,238 
 14,515,289 
 15,498,850 
 
 8,895,874 
 
 17,298,080 
 12,866,115 
 9,373,411 
 12,478,885 
 8,452,741 
 
 10,128,582 
 7,584,256 
 6,237,752 
 9,618,836 
 
 18,556,827 
 8,730,112 
 3,283,988 
 
 Rest of 
 United Kingdom. 
 
 lbs. 
 
 15,269 
 15,269 
 28,661 
 281,248 
 103,479 
 
 77,186 
 200,978 
 174,049 
 179,302 
 
 96,847 
 
 892,405 
 1,771,236 
 814,341 
 804,442 
 688,809 
 
 1,034,078 
 8,095,902 
 5,895,935 
 4,275,905 
 9,391,809 
 
 14,802,588 
 14,555,821 
 13,267,686 
 10,647,617 
 
 7,172,861 
 
 9,490,910 
 7,164,258 
 6,046,051 
 5,481,874 
 2,232,770 
 
 3,612,967 
 8,587,001 
 4,364,700 
 4,364,071 
 5,283,559 
 
 5,806,884 
 8,563,198 
 6,228,359 
 5,156,869 
 6,561,847 
 
 6,646,382 
 5,164,159 
 7,048,649 
 6,960,826 
 10,382,948 
 15,788,414 
 15,348,610 
 
 London’s 
 of the 
 
 United 
 Kingdom. 
 
 per cent. 
 
 Total for the 
 
 proportion | United Kingdom. 
 
 lbs. 
 
 186,917 
 186,917 
 181,297 
 3,249,780 
 1,916,688 
 
 784,359 
 1,779,479 
 1,061,396 
 1,180,567 
 1,204,765 
 
 1,952,048 
 3,884,951 
 2,104,698 
 1,735,484 
 1,929,260 
 
 2,919,222 
 4,405,410 
 8,005,157 
 6,935,548 
 
 15,631,018 
 
 24,199,454 
 25,982,132 
 25,121,877 
 18 662,584 
 18,972,439 
 
 20,423,035 
 13,598,548 
 18,792,730 
 23,024,619 
 19,873,298 
 
 20,981,310 
 18,047,239 
 18,879,989 
 19,857,421 
 18,679,488 
 
 23,099,964 
 21,429 318 
 15,601,770 
 17,635,704 
 15,014,588 
 
 16,774,914 
 12,748,415 
 13,281,401 
 16,579,662 
 23,939,770 
 24,518,526 
 18,632,598 
 
ee ee a 
 
52 
 Table 17 D. 
 
 Transhipment trade of London and of the United Kingdom. 
 (‘‘ Trade” (1871-99) Returns. | 
 D.—OTHER ARTICLES. 
 
 (i.e., in addition to wine and spirits, tea, tobacco and cigars, set out in tables A, B, and C.) 
 
 Exported after transhipment. 
 
 Imported for transhipment. 
 
 Total for the 
 
 Year. sear siportion | United Kingd 
 Ratat proportion Rest of proportion i ingdom., 
 London. United Kingda allrone oe United Kingdom. oh te 
 Kingdom. Kingdom. 
 £& £ per cent. £ £ per cent. £ 
 1853—70 | The informatio|n in these years| is not available in a form| for comparison |with succeleding years. 
 1871 2,369,202 7,138,820 24'9 2,346,192 7,161,830 24°7 9,508,022 
 1872 3,344,958 8,342,463 28°6 3,290,356 8,397,065 28:'2 11,687,421 
 1873 2,999,088 8,382,613 26°3 2,983,943 8,397,758 26:2 11,381,701 
 1874 1,817,841 6,415,297 22:1 1,822,882 6,410,256 22:1 8,233,138 
 1875 2,383,656 6,504,583 26'8 2,317,342 6,570,897 26°1 8,888,239 
 1876 2,005,502 5,776,845 25'8 1,940,286 5,841,561 24'9 7,781,847 
 1877 2,694,111 6,281,873 30°0 2,635,605 6,340,379 29°4 8,975,984 
 1878 2,245,867 6,141,200 26'8 2,209,113 6,177,954 26'3 8,387,067 
 1879 2,455,672 5,989,528 29°1 2,489,209 6,005,991 28°9 8,445,200 
 1880 2,679,607 6,666,964 28:7 2,650,675 6,695,896 28°4 9,346,571 
 1881 3,044,800 6,558,375 sity 2,991,699 6,611,476 312 9,603,175 
 1882 3,034,627 6,271,840 32°6 2,987,695 6,318,772 32°1 9,306,467 
 1883 3,222,856 5,801,509 S57 3,262,552 5,761,813 36°1 9,024,865 
 1884 3,494,683 5,861,824 37°S 3,490,708 5,865,299 37°3 9,356,007 
 1885 3,578,372 4,636,803 43°6 3,633,098 4,582,077 44:2 8,215,175 
 1886 8,822,517 4,251,396 47°3 3,874,964 4,198,949 48:0 8,073 913 
 1887 8,575,315 4,169,277 46:2 3,581,124 4,163,468 46:2 7,744,592 
 1888 8,392,985 4,295,728 44°1 3,440,997 4,247,716 448 7,688,713 
 1889 2,210,586 3,920,381 36:0 2,286,345 3,844,622 37°3 6,130,967 
 1890 2,393,570 4,009,141 37°4 2,462,243 3,940,468 38'5 6,402,711 
 1891 2,454,088 4,111,179 37'4 2,576,102 3,989,115 39°2 6,565,217 
 1892 2,846,533 4,752,802 37°5 2,958,017 4,641,318 389 7,599,335 
 1893 3,075,624 5,721,383 35'0 8,381,698 5,415,309 38°4 8,797,007 
 1894 2,361,579 5,008,719 32:0 2,534,351 4,835,947 34°4 7,370,298 
 1895 3,400,609 5,071,143 40°1 3,619,170 4,861,582 42°6 8,471,752 
 1896 2,771,503 4,723,829 37°0 3,021,206 4,474,126 40°3 7,495,332 
 1897 2,875,000 4,828,380 5 dirs: 3,035,714 4,667,666 39°4 7,703,380 
 1898 2,433,657 4,404,442 35°6 2,446,872 4,391,227 35°8 6,838,099 
 1899 2,170,951 5,794,006 A273 2,169,370 5,795,587 27:2 7,964,957 
 
 E.—TOTAL VALUE. 
 
 (For the years for which this information is given in the “Trade” Retwrns.) 
 
 Total value of all goods imported for 
 
 Table 17—E, 
 
 Total value of all goods exported after 
 
 transhipment. transhipment. 
 V ear London’s London’s a a a ace 
 Rest of proportion Rest of proportion | United Kingdom, 
 London, United Kingdom. See toons United Kingdom. Tove 
 Kingdom. Kingdom. 
 £& £ per cent. £ £& per cent. £ 
 1896 4,105,591 6,160,788 40:0 4,398,756 5,867,623 42:8 10,266,379 
 1897 4,431,888 6,320,725 41:2 4,629,965 6,122,148 43:1 | 10,752,108 
 1898 8,849,032 5,948,603 39°3 3,867,584 5,925,051 39°5 9,792,635 
 1899 8,342,757 7,448,855 31:0 8,340,279 7,446,333 31:0 | 10,786,612 
 
 ee eaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaacaaacaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaammmmmmmmmmmmmamammal 
 
the United Kingdom. 
 
 ton with London.) 
 
 vigation and Shipping” (1871, 
 
 MAAN 
 
 Fore 
 
 NAS SS eS 
 
 Se eats 
 rot rt oe | \aach 8 pamela 
 
 Total. 
 
 On ae 
 aod 
 
 amp e 
 
 Coast- 
 wise 
 
 ens sider Fie 
 
 a a, 
 aon 
 
 oo a3 Go HH 
 
 Ss) 0) ew Cle 6 
 
 AOOOd 
 ANAnANNN 
 
 Foreign. 
 
 110 10 20 10 
 
 Total. 
 
 PDD D 
 ret yest et ret 
 
 DODOG OO EH SESH SE HHPH PESSH 
 
 DL >t 
 Snare rc 
 
 SCOMSH 
 ANn nr 
 
 PSOSO 
 MANNA 
 
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 s. ent hlies ane Se NES rsa, “Meri ae ee hae le ap Stara | ee Sse eg = Spi es eae Pe Sa: TC aiay Sas pata sos, se 4 ogee 2 
 
 5 a ee et 
 
 pa Pair) oe 
 
Table 18. 
 
 Ya we + 
 eset re 
 
 E> SbE> be Ee 
 aoaooe 
 
 { 
 
 Total. |Poreign 
 
 Middlesbrough. 
 
 Coast- 
 
 wise. 
 
 ne! 
 o 
 4 
 oO 
 ~ 
 (=| 
 i) 
 
 Foreign. 
 
 Total. 
 
 ad sHAd 10 
 
 P2OSOD 
 PRIS e 
 
 . oD H 19 CO = OO oOnA oH 1d CO tk DD On NOH 1d co b= D OnNwmos 1D <O I~ D Od on NOH 11 £S) EOOe 2 
 5 BS S8822 L8SS2Z SLRLZZ GESES SHESS FESR EER2RRZ BRZLZ BRBRZ 
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 es is Aeene Sea gee a Sees be Oo Fo | mre ririrt mannii weenie merenneer mae mene 
 g maHAAN ADNAN OAWHH DOWO OO Oraorre OoONONOS - DOOD 
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 @ 
 
 Qa Gd ep 
 
 Coast- 
 wise. 
 
 gel sere ee 
 AANIAN 
 
 obra Sa Sean 
 
 af ected) 
 
 Seu ee 
 
 BD DO D9 19 
 
 Gel Sa Ga ae 
 
 PASoH 
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 PPROM 
 AN & oO 
 
 CEPOL 
 Ann AN 
 
 cd @1 gd GI aD 
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 AAASS 
 mera we 
 
 CI Gl 19 HD 
 
 4:2 
 4-0 
 
 Foreign. 
 
 19 Hs 
 HSH SH <H oH 
 
 POPSUD 
 1D 19 SH AD =H 
 
 Hull. 
 
 Total. 
 
 BWLeOn 
 DAA oO oD 
 
 I~ B19 
 GD oD CD CD oD 
 
 Coast- 
 wise. 
 
 Foreign 
 
 Po 
 
 SGP CE Spee 
 ea 
 
 SMI19 19 © 
 reoooe 
 
 eens 
 rrooeo 
 
 wise. 
 
 Foreign.| Ooast- | Poti). 
 
 Goole. 
 
 Total. 
 
 wise. 
 
 Coast- 
 
 Entered. 
 
 Foreign, 
 
 Total. 
 
 Cleared. 
 Coast- 
 wise. 
 
 Total. pose 
 
 Grimsby. 
 
 Coast- 
 wise. 
 
 Foreign, 
 
 Total. 
 
 | 
 
 wise. 
 
 Coast- 
 
 1 AAD 
 
 cp PsP 4 gD 
 
 PAP YP 
 
 1D SH 19 20 SH 
 ree prt et eed 
 
 BS hae 
 aoa 
 
 oS Srl 
 
 ee Shee! 
 AGNAN 
 
 1D 19 19 19 
 
 SUS EN 
 HANAN 
 
 >> Onn 
 
 AAAAN 
 
 AN st oO H 
 So oe ee | 
 
 Harwich. 
 
 Fee Lee Toe | See hem 
 Se eo | 
 
 53 
 
 AAAIA 
 
 AAs 
 
 mm NANe 
 
 Dover. 
 
 wise. 
 
 Hntered. 
 Coast- 
 
 Ba 
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 5 
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 ic} 
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 & s) ; 
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 So 
 2 
 S 
 & 
 g 
 io} 
 a 
 
 190 oD ad g 
 
 a0 a Go co <0 
 
 go gd > oP ao 
 
 Total. fron 
 
 Coast- 
 wise. 
 
 (The ports in this table are the ports which are considered to be in competition with London.) 
 [Calculated on the figures given in the “Trade and Navigation” (1853-70) and the “Navigation and Shipping” (1871-99) Returns.] 
 
 Foreign. 
 
 Proportion which the Shipping of certain Ports bears to the Shipping of the United Kingdom. 
 
 Folkestone. 
 Total. 
 
 wise. 
 
 Coast- 
 
 2S) eel SH aD 
 
 Sof tot yt 
 
 ee Sat eae) 
 
 Me BE Be eH Sy 
 
 Yoyo yy 
 
 MPa! EY RSS 
 
 Newhaven. 
 
 Coast- 
 wise, 
 
 Foreign. 
 
 Total. 
 
 Coast- 
 wise. 
 
 Southampton. 
 
 maANnns 
 sone ian ie ie! 
 
 DH DD 
 reseer re 
 
 i=] 
 
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 G3 HON ANNAN Sora Bh poe se oe I | AnH OON Ann AN® ANIDRMAN ANDN AON + S2 OS) Sd r4 
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 3 
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 TAAA AAAAGD NOON OANA ANA AAA AAANA AAAND Mag wd 
 
 19 19 HAS 
 ANNAN 
 
 C= 20 10 HoH 
 rear 
 
 Ormowoeo 
 et tt rt et 
 
 London. 
 
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 5 AN AANAN ANNAN ANANMRN ADMDMMD ANANN ANANN ANAAN ANAAN AMMAN 
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 MY OD DONDDH DHDDH DONDDH DHODHDH DHDDD DHDDDHDDH BDBHDDD HBHHDDHH BHBHHDDDO 
 rir ween mn nn re meee es Sess Sc eB es Oe | ee ed et et et rnannrc eseretrer be Hh (Oo oe | 
 
5b 
 Table 19. 
 
 Population of Greater London and of the United Kingdom, and London’s proportion 
 of the Kingdom. 
 
 Greater London Greater London’s 
 Year, (Metropolitan and United Kingdom. | proportion of the 
 City Police Districts). United Kingdom. 
 Per cent. 
 1801 1,114,569 15,717,287 7: 
 1806 1,214,702 16,785,146 7-2 
 1811 1,823,830 17,926,580 74 
 1816 1,458,671 19,352,702 7-5 
 1821 1,596,247 20,893,584 7-6 
 1826 1,748,175 22,406,110 7-8 
 1831 1,903,628 24,028,584 7:9 
 1836 2,062,771 25,328,959 81 
 1841 2,935,220 26,709,456 8:4 
 1846 2,447,808 26,961,010 91 
 1851 2,680,604 27,868,736 | 9:8 
 1856 2,989,189 28,105,264 10:5 
 1861 3,222,720 28,927,485 111 
 1866 8,538,690 30,158,825 11-7 
 1871 5,885,641 31,484,661 12:3 
 1876 4,808,666 33,123,736 13-0 
 1881 4,766,661 34,884,848 13-7 
 1886 5,182,127 36,258,846 14:3 
 1891 5,633,806 37,732,922 14:9 
 1896 6,124,853 39,311,479 156 
 
55 
 
 A.—EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE 
 
 Total ascertained expenditure and revenue 
 
 Year 1898— 
 
 London and India Docks— 
 Joint Committee Z- : 
 London and St. Katharine Company 
 Hast and West India Company 
 
 Total London and India Docks 
 
 Millwall Docks ... eat 
 Surrey Commercial Docks 
 
 Year 1899— 
 London and India Docks— 
 Joint Committee ae aoe & 
 London and St. Katharine Company 
 Hast and West India Company © 
 
 Total London and India Docks 
 
 Millwall Docks ... HY 
 Surrey Commercial Docks 
 
 Total 1899 ... 
 
 Expenditure. 
 Rep ee Lighter ee. a 
 i t 
 expenses. | expenses. | other service | expences. | Total. | Rents, 
 charges. 
 1 2 3 4 5 6 
 £& & £& £& £ £ 
 786,233 a 94,465 | 9,959 | 890,657 | 27,347 
 ie = a fen Se Ay 
 ..| 786,233 a 94,465 J00 890,657 | 27,388 
 : 124,291 a 6,226 1,493 132,010 830 
 be. 29,834 | 132,618 16,774 2,746 181,972 ahs 
 1 1 
 Total 1898 1,072,976 117,465 | 14,198 | 1,204,639 | 28,218 
 789,965 a 102,549 | 10,144 902,658 | 27,096 
 oe ak = a = 32 
 7 
 789,965 a 102,549 | 10,144 902,658 | 27,128 
 189,625 a 11,368 3,042 154,535 1,677 
 45,821 | 130,247 sci 2,802! 178870; — 
 1,105,658 113,917 | 16,488 | 1,236,063 | 28,805 
 
 —————— SSS ay 
 
 Year 1898— 
 London and India Docks— 
 Joint Committee... 
 
 London and St. Katharine Company a 
 
 East and West India Company 
 
 Total London and India Docks 
 Millwall Docks Bez 
 Surrey Commercial Docks 
 
 Total. 
 
 Year 1899— 
 London and India Docks— 
 Joint Committee 
 
 London and St. Katharine Company _ 
 
 Hast and West India Company 
 
 Total London and India Docks 
 
 Millwall Docks : on 
 Surrey Commercial Docks 
 
 Total 1899 .., 
 
 Balance Expenditure for special purposes, 
 of revenue 
 aes fe 4 - 
 f col. aw 
 a6). ana. fee Directors’ fees. ae Total, 
 17 ae 19 20 21 
 £& £ £ & £ 
 530,392 3,409 3,600 Me 7,009 
 — 2,033 oe (f) i. © 
 == 7,662 1,616 (f) — 1,616 
 ..| 520,697 5,025 3,600 8,625 
 78,270 187 1,300 — 1,487 
 102,312 669 (f) = 669 
 701,279 5,881 4,900 ea 10,781 
 546,822 3,489 3,600 — 7,089 
 — 13,240 63 (f) — 63 
 4 a B15 60 (7) = 60 
 525,967 | 3.612 3,600 ss 7,212 
 38,425 1,812 1,900 2,340 6,052 
 101,911 813 CP) —_ 813 
 666,303 6,237 5,500 2,340 14,077 
 
 ee 
 (a) Warehouse expenses are not stated separately in the accounts and are included in column 1, 
 (6) Including rent, rates and all other expenditure. 
 (c) Including interest on cash balances, &c., and all other revenue. 
 
 (d) Including charges on goods, 
 
56 
 Table 20 A. 
 oF Dock CompaNIEs. 
 on docks for the years 1898 and 1899. 
 Revenue. 
 Balance 
 of 
 Rates, taxes, | Manage- Dock charges Warehouse Total paar 
 ae ie Pee vaitare: on shipping. Petascodl aciae scenes Bere. gb ek toa 
 on goods. 
 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 5 16 
 £ £ £ £ £ £ 
 92,298 | 167,043 | 1,177,845 448,993 |1,165,280| 1,614,273 | 48,452 | 45,012 | 1,707,787 | 530,392 
 as 14,3286 14,328 — 12,295c 12,295 | -— 2,033 
 ha 8.312 8,353 ate rds 420 691 | — 7,662 
 92,298 | 189,683 | 1,200,026 448,993 1,165,280) 1,614,273 | 48,723 | 57,727 | 1,720,723 | 520,697 
 14,285 | 11,676 | 158,801 | 919,914 7,906 | 237,071 | 78,270 
 24,201 | 33,368 239,541 267,548 318,747 | 14,574 8,532 341,853 | 102,312 
 130,784 | 234,727 | 1,598,368 2,152,234 74,165 | 2,299,647 | 701,279 
 
 100,420 | 169,302 | 1,199,476 478,006 |1,171,256) 1,649,262 | 50,567 | 46,469 | 1,746,298 | 546,822 
 5,076 8,920 13,996 -~ —- -- — 756 756 | —13,240 
 _ 8,284 8,316 ai = — 204 497 701 | — 7,615 
 105,496 | 186,506 | 1,221,788 478,006 |1,171,256, 1,649,262 | 50,771 | 47,722 | 1,747,755 | 525,967 
 16,507 | 11,140 183,859 59,401e} 144,386e 203,787 9,961 8,536 222,284 38,425 
 26,141 | 34,341 239,352 54,523 | 263,307; 317,830 | 14,766 8,667 341,263 | 101,911 
 148,144 | 231,987 | 1,644,999 591,930 |1,578,949| 2,170,879 | 75,498 | 64,925 | 2,811,802 666,303 
 Balan f a: 
 siaaie _ Add Deduct Interest Bate of dividends ie etal Averae@.| Balance of revenue 
 available for | terest on | interest on on Rate of | Dividends interest rate of unexpended (+) 
 dividends Peon ana | #0ating loan interest, | on capital. _ and rape or overdrawn (—) 
 and Tei 2 ee ear loans. capital. Bees a dividends, capital 
 22 28 a4 25 26 27 23 | 29° 30 31 32 
 923,383 — 18,943 6,875 23 — — — 6,875 2°75 
 — 2,033 130,251 |4, 33 to 3) 216,817 4.5 23 |347,068 3°22 
 —9278| 6299 | — {108,713 | 4,32,3| 37,952] 4 2 | 146,665 a 2a ; 
 512,072 6,299 18,943 | 245,839 3°45 | 254,769 2°40 500,608 2°82 — 1,180 
 76,783 _— 1,546 | 24,573 5, 4 41,122 |5,23,27 1 65,695 3°22 + 9,542 
 101,643 4,246 — 6,300 45 98,013 6, 5 6 | 104,313 5°69 + 1,576 
 690,498 10,545 20,489 erie | 3°56 | 393,904 2°84 670,616 | 3:10 + 9,988 
 | 
 539,733 -- 22,098 5,844 2¢ Se mee a 5,844 2°75 
 —13,303| 411,822 —  |130,599 |4, 32 to 3 216,817 | 44 = |347,416 Bea 
 - — 17,675 9,710 — 107,377 4,3 50,621 + 3 | 157,998 2°29 
 see eee ee SS ae ees er Fe 7 We See ea eee eee 
 518,755 21,532 22,098 | 243,820 3°4 267,438 2°49 511,258 2°86 + 6,931 
 32,373 — 1,052 | 24,573 5, 4 — as = 924,573 1:17 + 6,748 
 101,098 3,986 — 6,300 45 106,639 6,5 6 112,939 o°72 — 7,855 
 652,226 25,518 23,150 | 274,693 3°52 =| 374,077 2°64 648,770 2°95 + 5,824 
 
 (e) These amounts are not given separately in the accounts, and the figures given here are estimates. 
 
 ks. 
 (f/) Apparently included in salaries and establishment. 
 
 The charges on goods are 
 estimated on the tonnage which entered the docks in 1899 at the average rate per ton paid on shipping entering the Surrey Commercial 
 
B.—EXPENDITURE UPON AND REVENUE FROM 
 
 Expenditure. 
 
 Upon Port of London only. Common to Port of London and outports 
 
 Salaries, 
 
 Payments for} Payments to 
 
 Pilot 
 
 Year. | Pilot cutters : pilotage North Total pensions, om Law 
 at Gravesend | Cutters at | into and out |Channel pilots | expenditure | superannuation, ce and parlia- Total. 
 (channel), | @tavesend| “of Port —|onacccount of | on pilotage. | &c. (Trinity | °*Pemses- mentary. 
 (river). | of London. |*Sunk” cutters. House Fund). 
 1 2 38 5 6 8 9 
 £& £ £ £ £& £& £& £ £& 
 1889 730 568 | 185,788 | 1,320 | 188406] 8,709 779 13 | 9,501 
 1890 770 610 137,678 1,141 140,199 8,790 664 141 9,595 
 1891 878 656 | 134,612 | 1,126 | 137,972] 9,172 567 46 | 9,785 
 1892 945 648 132,425 937 184,955 9,026 630 26 9,682 
 1893 810 621 128,409 942 180,782 8,790 608 +) 9,407 
 1894 1,843a 996 135,589 1,105 139,533 8,675 628 16 9,319 
 1895 1,245 679 | 187,702 896 | 140,522} 8,470 620 28 | 9118 
 1896 910 w3l 142,278 969 144,888 8,625 515 305 9,445 
 1897 860 1,043 | 142,353 954 | 145.910] 8,934 638 8 | 9.580 
 1898 860 641 145,525 954 147,980 8,646 5085 6 9,187 
 1899 810 680 | 143,326 900 | 145'716] 9,526 527 — | 10,053 
 C.—EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE OF THAMES 
 i.—Expenditure on and revenue from dredging, 
 Expenditure. 
 Year. Locks, River 
 Dredging. Mooring. Wreck. | Harbour. paths oa Piers. purifica- Total. 
 shores, Xe. non. 
 1 2 3 4 5 6 iG 8 
 £ eo & £ £ & & £& 
 1889... 15,990 9,097 2,728 8,040 5,954 7,090 — 49,399 
 1890.. 18,305 6,707 3,999 7,057 6,652 8,802 — 51,522 
 1891 .. 16,306 | 9,695 5,391 | 8407] 6022] 8579|/ — | 54400 
 1892... 13,206 9,683 2,228 7,383 4,768 9,406 — 46,674 
 LSOS 23 13,999 9,480 2,469 8,560 5,406 | 10,538 — 50,452 
 1894... 11,274 | 16,602e ‘ 8526 | 7,413 | 8,882 852 | 53,549 
 1895... 12,844 | 12,450 9.293 | 8177| 8019! 6233| 2165 | 52181 
 1896... 15,999 9,471 4,607 8,170 7,624 9,678 1,962 | 57,511 
 1897... 12,329f| 7,459 9957 | 8088! 8877) 7,088] 1,993 | 55,791 
 1898... 17,036f| 10,544 5,072 7,518 8,364 | 11,677 2,009 | 62,220 
 1800 re 27,238 8,926 5,263 7,605 6,798 | 10,599 2,113 542 
 ii.— Balance of revenue available for special 
 Special expenditure. 
 Balance of revenue 
 Tex. | SaREreced | Saas 
 ; paehnwieniary Other. Total 
 19 20 21 22 
 £& £& £ £& 
 1889 9,392 1,972 2,079 4,051 
 1890 7,704 1,361 4,071 432 
 1891 8,110 2,169 141 2,310 
 1892 10,779 1,375 5D Ad 6,919 
 1893 22,626 1,910 12,085 13,945 
 1894. 13,674 9.791 9.616 19,407 
 1895 16,755 662 4,659 5,321 
 1896 18,782 1,011 1,990 3,001 
 1897 25,652 741 _ 741 
 1898 19,427 872 — 872 
 1899 9,800 997 = 997 
 
 (a) Including part purchase money of new steam launch. 
 
PILOTAGE AND TRINITY House ADMINISTRATION, Table 20 B. 
 Revenue. 
 From Port of London only. Common to Port of London and 
 outports. 
 Year, 
 Amount earoaice ; Total Interest | pee ee : Interest 
 received for | House (landing| charges on | on invest- ths Coe licenses, and | on invest- | _ Other Total 
 pilotage of money for shipping. ments, se poundage on | ments, | Tecelpts. | revenue. 
 vessels. |Sunk ” cutters). earnings, 
 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 
 £ £ £ £ £ £& £& £& £ 
 137,286 1,168 138,454 195 138,649 6,138 3,169 386 | 9,693 | 1889 
 139,166 1,122 140,288 202 140,490 6,327 2,600 359 | 9,286 | 1890 
 136,090 1,094 187,184 180 137,364 6,190 2,031 373 | 9,094 | 1891 
 133,872 1,031 134,903 180 135.083 6,149 2,568 | 2,106 | 10,823 | 1892 
 129,839 945 130,784 179 130,963 5,975 2,557 370 | 8,902 | 1593 
 137,147 1,020 138,167 164 138,331 6,275 2,538 392 | 9,205 | 1894 
 139,294: 977 140,271 193 140,464 6,300 2,677 483 | 9,460 | 1895 
 143,953 1,038 144,991 193 145,184 6,307 2,687 453 | 9,44'7 | 1896 
 144.070 974 145,044 198 5,237 6,410 2,682 493 | 9,585 | 1897 
 147,237 926 148.163 193 148,356 6,471 2,682 493 | 9,646 | 1898 
 145,067 836 145,903 193 146,096 6,397 2,682 486 | 9,565 | 1899 
 CONSERVANCY (LOWER NAVIGATION). Table 20 C. 
 mooring, and other navigation works. 
 Revenue. 
 Establish- Charges on | pier dues, Total Repayments, ae es Year. 
 ment and Super- Total Tonnage | Water ae tolls, fees, revenue penalties, Total revenue, 
 working | annuation. |expenditure. dues, ee ae licences, from rents and revenue. 
 expenses, (deceit &e. taxation. | other receipts. 
 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 
 £ £& £ £& £ £& £ £ £ £ 
 16,016 2,186 | 67,601 | 43,437 2,485 20,819 66,741 10,252 76,993 9,392 1889 
 18,299 2,202 | 72,023 | 44,953 2,500 21,638 69,091 10,636 79,727 7,704 1890 
 17,709 2,234 | 74,843 | 44,666 2,500 21,151 68,317 14,136 453 8,110 1891 
 20.1745 2,379 | 69,227 | 46,082 2,500 22,919 71,501 8,505 80,006 10,779 1892 
 26,590c 2,335 | 79,877 | 45,976 2,200 22,353 70,529 31,474d 102,003 22,626 1893 
 17,694 2,149 | 73,892 | 48,861 2,800 23,134 74,795 12,271 87,066 13,674 1864 
 16,479 2,127 | 70,787 | 49,342 3,500 23,240 76,082 11,460 87,542 16,755 1895 
 16,696 2,220 | 46,427 | 52,837 3,725 26,996 83,558 11,651 95,209 18,782 1896 
 18,564 1,962 | 76,3817 | 54,436 3,900 27,663 85,599 16,370 101,969 25,652 1897 
 18,868 1,978 | 83,06 55,818 3,500 29,219 88,537 13,956 102,493 19,427 1898 
 19,584 2,642 | 90,768 | 55,729 3,900 29,547 88,776 11,792 100,568 9,800 1899 
 
 purposes and for interest and repayment of debt. 
 
 Balance available 
 
 Total interest 
 
 Balance of revenue 
 
 for interest and Interest. Repayment and unexpended (+) | year 
 repayment of debt. of debt. repayment. or overdrawn (—). 
 
 23 24 25 26 27 
 
 £ £ & £ £ 
 5,341 3,363 223 3,586 + 1,755 1889 
 2.272 3,325 288 3,613 — 1,341 1890 
 5.800 3,314 — 3,014 + 2,486 1891 
 3,860 3,314 1,155 4,469 — 609 1892 
 8,681 3,314 — 3,314 + 5,367 1893 
 — 5,733 3,314 — 3,314 — 9,047 1894 
 11,484 3,996 1,251 5,247 + 6,187 1895 
 15.781 3,000 1,197 4,197 + 11,584 1896 
 94.911 3,000 1,175 4,175 + 20,736 1897 
 18,555 3,000 1,175 4,1'75 + 14,380 1898 
 8,803 3,000 L175 4.175 + 4,628 1899 
 
 (6) Including £1,663 on account of new offices. 
 
 (c) Including £7,714 on account of new offices. 
 
 (d) Including £19,687 for sale of stock. 
 
 (e) Including wreck expenses, 
 
 (f) In the years 1897 and 1898 there was further expenditure on dredging out of capital as follows— 
 
 1897 vee : 
 
 14,500 - - 
 
 £10,968 18 6 
 3,531 1 6 
 
59 
 
 D.— EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE OF PorRT SANITARY 
 
 Expenditure. 
 Year Maintenance | Maintenance | 
 Bt: Salaries € premises, | 22d hire of | Miscellaneou Teoal Total 
 Wages. and rae rates, steam hospital ee enstd Other. expenditure. 
 establishment | “t, 505 gc. |launches,hulks) expenses, : 
 eG and boats. 
 1 74 8 4 5 6 7 8 
 £& £& & £& £ 3 £& & 
 1889 953 1,568 139 234 50 18 7 2,969 
 1890 1,038 1,690 189 192 82 10 7 3,208 
 1891 1,104 1,593 78 262 116 9 323 3,485 
 1892 1,118 1,968 512 (a) 127 637 (b) 4, 59 4,425 
 1893 1,758 3,378 338 3,318 (c) 218 83 194 9,287 
 1894. 2,044 3,197 692 (d) 666 265 222 131 4,217 
 1895 2,493 3,399 236 693 42 69 _— 6,932 
 1896 2,208 4,100 132 1,095 (e) 61 32 ee 7,628 
 1897 2,192 3,681 149 639(f) 34 4 4 6,706 
 1898 2,514 3,669 265 483 —— 20 8 6,959 
 1899 2,683 3,658 110 833 39 39 30 7,392 
 E.—SuMMARY OF ASCERTAINED 
 Revenue. 
 he eer: Charges on 
 purposes. shipping and Other revenue. Total revenue. 
 goods. 
 1 On 3 4 
 & & £& £ 
 Year 1898— 
 Dock Companies... ae 1,598,868 2,152,234. 147,413 2,299,647 
 Trinity House and Pilotage 47,980 148,163 193 148,356 
 Thames Conservancy 83,066 55,818 46,675 102,493 
 Port Sanitary Authority 6,959 47 208 955 
 Total 1.896373 | 2.356.202 194,489 | 2,550,751 
 Year 1899— 
 Dock Companies... ae 1,644,999 2,170,879 140,423 2,311,302 
 Trinity House and Pilotage 145,716 145,903 193 146,096 
 Thames Conservancy f 90,768 55,729 44,839 100,568 
 Port Sanitary Authority 7,392 89 262 351 
 Total 1,888,875 2,372,600 185,717 2,008,317 
 
 (a) Including £440 for erection of smallpox pavilion. 
 
 (6) Including £478 for disinfector, &c. 
 
 (c) Including £1,829 for new launch, and £548 for purchase and alteration of hulk. 
 (d) Including £242 for erection of boatman’s house. 
 
60 
 
 Table 20 D, 
 AutuHority (Ciry or Lonpon Corporation). 
 Revenue. 
 ig Balance of 
 expenditure Year 
 Charges on vessels Vees under Other fees Repayments defrayed out of cre 
 dis or; Canal Boats Act.| and charges. and all other. Total revenue, City estates 
 isinfection, cc, 
 3 10 11 12 13 14 
 £& £ ES HS & £& 
 —- 10 — 16 96 2,943 1889 
 os 6 1 8] 88 3.120 1890 
 — 6 — 183 189 3,296 1891 
 — 2 2 54 58 4,367 1892 
 — — 2 220 229 9,065 1893 
 — 8 3 37 48 7,169 1894 
 _ 2 1 154 157 6,775 1895 
 —_ 2 2 148 152 7,476 1896 
 — 7 3 118 128 6,578 1897 
 47 10 1 197 255 6,704 1898 
 89 3 32 227 351 7,041 1899 
 Table 20 E. 
 EXPENDITURE UPON PorT AND Docks IN 1898 and 1899. 
 Bal f : 
 revene = A ah gates peices : Balance of 
 Bvellablo FOE} suxpendivure | pajance of | 1 dadd| #vailable for | 7 t ™ Total revenue un- 
 special pur | forspecial | “Teyenue. | interest on | TRONGREAME | joan capital. | Dividends. | inforest gna expended (+) 
 interest and oa | on capital. drawn (-) 
 dividends on : 
 capital. 
 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 fee 16 
 £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ 
 701,279 10,781 690,498 |— 9,944 680,554. 276,712 393,904 670,616 - 69 O35 
 376 — 376 (9) 3746 — —- -- + 376 
 19,427 872 18,555 (9) 18,555 4,175(h)| 9 — 4,175(h)| + 14,380 
 — 6,704 — — 6,704 == — 6,704 a, 4 oacoes — 6,704 
 714,378 11,653 | 702,725 |— 9,944 692,781 | 280,887(h)| 393,904 | 674,'791(h)} + 17,990 
 666,303 14,077 652,226 |+ 2,368 654,594 274,693 374,077 648,770 |+ 5,824 
 380 — 380 (9) 380 see: ae == WE 380 
 9,800 997 8,803 (9) 8,803 | 4,175(h)) 4,175 (h)|+ 4,628 
 — 7,041 — — 7,041 — — 7,041 —_ — — — 7,041 
 669,442 15,074 654,368 |+ 2,368 656,736 278,868 374,077 652,945 |+ 3,791 
 
 (e) Including £716 for new launch. 
 (f) Including £150 as part purchase money of launch and barge. 
 
 (g) Interest on cash balances, &c., included in other revenue (col, 3). 
 (A) Including £1,175 repayment. 
 
Ae Ach 
 
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ported. 
 
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o Ww wr? 
 
 HCO 
 
 oon 
 
 13 
 
 15 
 
 15 
 
 18 
 
 o 
 
 10 
 
 fos} 
 
 10 
 
 d. 
 9 
 
 Metals and 
 Manufactured [ron 
 and Steel Goods. 
 
 Lead (Pig) 
 
 Lead (old) 
 
 Zinc, sheets 
 casks) 
 
 Shot (iron) 
 
 (in 
 
 | 
 
 | 
 
 Copper (in pieces 
 56 lbs. and over) 
 Steel 
 Tin (in lots of 6 
 tons) 
 
 | Cables (chain)...... 
 
 Copper (old) 
 
 Iron (sheet and 
 manufactured, 
 packages not ex- 
 ceeding 30 cwts.) 
 
 Metal, Iron (bar, 
 rod or pig) 
 
 Metal Rails and old 
 
 Wire 
 
 Machinery 
 cultural) 
 
 (Agri- 
 
 trical) 
 
 Manganese 
 
 Silver (rock) 
 
 Scoria 
 
 Cobalt 
 
 Tin 
 Nickel 
 
 Ores and Minerals 
 otherwise} 
 
 (not 
 
 rated) 
 
 Tron 
 
 Slates (roofing, 
 loose) 
 
 Stone (emery)...... 
 
 -| Stone (litho) .... 
 CopperandRegulus 
 
 Stone (Turkey or 
 Hones) 
 
 Marble blocks, 4 
 tons and under 
 
 Marble blocks 
 above 4 tons and 
 not exceeding 10 
 tons 
 
 Stone (blood) ...... 
 
 Marble blocks above’ 
 10 tons 
 
 India Rubber, 
 Gum, &e, 
 
 Gum Kowrie 
 
 Gutta percha 
 India-rubber blocks: 
 
 or packages 
 
 Indian Rubber, 
 loose, in bottles, 
 slabs, or small 
 pieces 
 
 Tndia Rubber, liquid 
 or solution 
 
 Classification of the 
 
 Leather, Skins, Hides. 
 
 Hides (cuttings)... 
 Leather, tanned 
 
 Skins (Seal, in 
 
 casks) 
 
 Hides 
 merated) 
 
 Hide 
 waste, and chip 
 pings, loose) 
 
 Furs, waste of 
 
 goat, with wool 
 on 
 
 (cuttings, 
 
 .| Bones, loose 
 
 Whale 
 
 jones, Horn, &e, 
 
 | 
 (unenu-| Whale Bone and 
 | Fins 
 
 Hoofs 
 
 in 
 
 Butfalo, 
 packages 
 
 or 
 
 Bones and 
 Fins 
 
 | Horns, Ox, Cow, or 
 
 Buffalo, loose, in 
 eloding counting 
 at landing 
 
 Hemp, Woollen, 
 Cotton, Fibre and 
 Hair Goods, 
 
 8 
 
 Sunn (press 
 packed) 
 
 Hemp (Bast Indian, 
 press packed) 
 
 Cotton (in bales n 
 exceeding 6 
 cube to the ewt 
 
 Hemp (China 
 Japan) 
 
 Yarn (Cocanada) 
 
 (in bales, press' 
 packed) 
 Hemp (China or 
 Japan, over 5 and 
 not exceeding 6) 
 cubic feet to ewt.) 
 Hemp (New Zea- 
 land, St. Helena) 
 and Manritius— 
 and cuttings) 
 Linen (American 
 Pilot Duck cloth) 
 Rags (in bales) 
 Fibre(press packed) 
 Hemp (E. Indian, 
 not press packed) 
 Kittool (in bales, 
 2 ewt. and over) 
 Ratlia fibre 
 
 Cotton (in bales, 
 above 4 ft, not ex- 
 ceeding 12 ft. 
 cube to the ewt.) 
 
 Hemp (China and 
 Japan, exceeding} 
 6 feet per ewt.) 
 
 Hemp (undressed, 
 press packed) 
 
 Coir and Yarn (not! 
 press packed) 
 
 Fibre (Palmyra, in 
 bales of 56 Ibs. 
 and over) 
 
 Hair (Pigs'’, 
 
 bales) 
 
 in 
 
 Hemp (Baltic, in| 
 bales) 
 
 Hemp (Kuropean, 
 dressed or un- 
 dressed not press| 
 packed) 
 
 Hemp (European, 
 dressed, press 
 packed) 
 
 Yarn (hempen) 
 
 Coir matting 
 
 Coir mats 
 
 Cotton (bales not 
 exceeding 12 ft. 
 cube to the ewt., 
 or in bags or 
 mats) 
 
 Fibre (not 
 packed) 
 
 Fibre (Palmyra, in 
 bundles under 56 
 Ibs.) 
 
 Tow (N. Zealand) 
 
 Codilla of hemp} 
 or flax 
 
 Hair (horse or cow) 
 
 press) 
 
 Coir yarn (loose)... 
 Wool (Vigonia) ... 
 
 Liquids, &¢, 
 
 Oil (Palm & Cocoa- 
 nut, in casks) 
 
 |Provisions for Human 
 
 Oil 
 Seed, in casks) 
 
 ot} 
 ft. 
 
 .) | Ol (Lard, in casks) 
 or Oil (Lubricating, 
 | in casks) 
 Oil (Palm, in 
 tanks) 
 Oil (Cocoanut in 
 tanks) 
 
 Oil (Fusel) 
 
 (ground Nat,| Chi 
 
 SSE Gtecrorcares oc) Geena 
 
 Coir (anwrought,| Ink (in bulk) ...... 
 in bales, press} Oil (Fish, in cases) 
 packed) 
 
 Coir and Yarn 
 
 Tuk (in bottles) ... 
 
 (Castor 
 
 Camphor, 
 casks) 
 
 Oil (Olive, in cases 
 
 or 
 in 
 
 and jars) 
 
 Oil (Castor, Cam- 
 phor, Cod Liver, 
 Seed or Nut, in 
 cases) 
 
 Wool (coney) . 
 Wool (goats ) 
 
 | Silk, waste ........ 
 Wool (hair or 
 | beards) 
 {Silk (raw 
 thrown) 
 
 or 
 
 Dock Charges,—“ Landing rate” on goods i 
 
 Consumption. 
 
 10 
 
 Cocoa Nut (desic- 
 
 cated) 
 Confectionery 
 (American) 
 Garlic 
 Sago and Sago) 
 
 flour 
 Tapioea and Tapi- 
 oca flour 
 
 Albumen 
 Honey (large casks) 
 
 Vermicelli 
 Semolina 
 
 Capers 
 
 Tomato Sauce 
 Pistachio Kernals 
 Succades 
 
 Honey (in kegs and 
 barrels) 
 
 Meat extracts or 
 essence 
 
 Tomatoes (raw) 
 
 Turtle (preserved, 
 in tins) 
 
 Anchovies . 
 
 Arrowroot 
 
 Honey jars, 
 
 (in 
 cans, or tins) 
 
 Sauces (in casks| 
 and in bulk) 
 
 61 
 
 * landing rate ” charge on goods imported at the Docks of the London and India Docks Joint Committ 
 
 Nore,—The “ Landing Rate” is defined as including “landing or receiving by land, wharfage, weighing gross or gauging ( 
 
 orted, 
 
 (Compiled from the Tables of Rates and Charges issued by the Docks Committee.) 
 
 required), and housing or piling on the quays or loading therefrom.” 
 
 Table 21. 
 
 SS? 
 
 Fruit, Raw and Drica,| Tallow ee i Sugars, Spices. Chemntbalsy Eee Dyes and Barks, | Cables, Cordage, &e. cd eng Very light articles. All chien hai priate Vane 
 n 12 bs 13 4 15 16 7 18) 19 20 21 
 l — i 
 t 
 Soe erm ce yi Soda ... saan + KG Nitrate of Soda ... ausivs 
 ‘Cre TLiECOe) | 0 | Aron Potash, Sulphate of eaeer eve) sheen Sera eetone 
 Barytes,Sulphate of) 
 sence GYOASO sa veeeeeshes paver sos fares Sent Resta ihe “onan cites tereay 
 Tallow (excépt] 
 Vegetable, In 
 casks) 
 Settee ||MOM sth IN rer rice: Sumacheaevesscrcs Sern Fe Brimstone (unre- 
 Turmeric fined) 
 scent -| Divi-Divi.......2060+ Seteye be Ashes .. .--| Blacking (in easks)| Asbestos (crude or 
 Brimstone (re-|, rock) 
 Antimony (ernde fined) 
 or oxide or sul- Glass (common 
 phide) window) 
 Barilla Mineral Water 
 bottles (empty in 
 packages) 
 | Oil cake (loose) 
 | Plumbago 
 | Terra (Umbra) 
 Foscos, | eepoc Glucose .......+++.. wvenee SEAN Gero HOps «.-scesessecees szeF) seeee 
 Sugar and Molasses 
 (except refined 
 and beetroot, in 
 loaves and sugar 
 candy) u 
 coecan Tallow (Vegetable) coach pevacs Valonia (in bags)... oor scAcne co Sausage Skins 
 Bark, quercitron, 
 mimosa, oak, 
 tanners’, or long, | 
 in packages | ‘ 
 Almonds (in casks] = ssseee Sngar (refined or} Pepper ..c.ccceeeee| 0 seseee Valonia (loose) ...) =... Indian! Corn) _....... Argol (in bags) ...| Asbestos (mill- 
 of 5 ewt. and best, in loaves) Madder (erushel) Blacking (in cases) board, rope, flour, 
 over, serons or Seeds (ag*icultural) Chalk (French) or powder) 
 bags) Bugles 
 Dates (Persian, in Butter Nuts 
 mats) Corossos Nuts (in 
 bags) 
 | Starch 
 Terra (Sienna or 
 Vrede) 
 | 
 concen Tallow (in tancs, wsases moro Me eee Sticks (above 400| Pumice Stone (in 
 
 Dates (Persian, in| 
 baskets) 
 
 Almonds (in easks| 
 under 5 ewts.) 
 Dates (Persian, in 
 
 bags or skin) 
 Dates (Persian, in 
 
 cases) 
 Tamarinds 
 
 Almonds (shell, in 
 cases or bales) 
 Prunes or French 
 Plums (in bags) 
 
 Prunes or French 
 Plums (in chests| 
 1 ewt. or over) 
 
 Dates (Egyptian or 
 
 Tafilat, not ex- 
 ceeding 84 Ibs., 
 loose) 
 
 Almonds (boxes or 
 half boxes) 
 
 Orange Peel 
 
 Pomegranate Peel 
 
 Gola Nut.s...<s0s.55 
 
 Soap (castile pr 
 
 under 80 ewts.) 
 
 Tallow (in tanks, 
 30 cwt. and over) 
 
 Wax = (vegetable 
 and bees 
 
 fancy) 
 
 Coriander seed ... 
 
 Cardamons 
 
 Nutmegs..-.-.-...-. 
 
 Arsenic ... 
 
 Liquorice (Paste, 
 block, stick or 
 juice) 
 
 Seed (medicinal) 
 
 Acids, Tartaric and 
 Citric 
 
 Aloes (chests, bags, 
 serons, or bags) 
 
 Galangal root 
 
 Cream of Tartar ... 
 
 Benne, ajucceeences Bark, Quercitron, 
 mimosa, oak, tan- 
 ners, orlongchop- 
 ped, loose 
 
 Aloes in gourd ...| Annatto .....-..... 
 
 Cassia 
 
 Glycerine 
 
 Liquorice Powder 
 
 Camphor is 
 
 Aniseed 
 
 Areca Nuts 
 Balsam, in casks 
 Medicine, in cases 
 Valerian oil 
 Quassia Wood chips 
 Bark, Cinchona, 
 Jesuits’,Peruvian, 
 Eleutheria, or} 
 Cascarilla 
 Tpecacuanha 
 Drugs, dry 
 Camomile 
 Opium 
 Sassafras, bark or 
 root 
 
 Manna... 
 Rhubarb 
 Sarsaparilla 
 
 Balsam (in jars, 
 bottles, or canis- 
 ters) 
 
 Cantbarides 
 
 Quinine ...... 
 
 Morphia or 
 
 Mor. 
 
 Cutch 
 Safflower 
 
 Logwood, chips, in 
 
 bags 
 
 Bark Quercitron, 
 mimosa, oak, tan- 
 ners, or long chop- 
 ped, loose 
 
 Gamboge 
 
 Dragon's Blood ... 
 
 Pimento 
 
 Cordage, hempen, 
 not exceeding 8 
 inches in girth 
 
 Cables, hemp, not 
 exceeding 8 in. 
 girth 
 
 Coir rope, under 
 
 6 in. in girth 
 
 Cables, coir, 12 in, 
 in girth and up- 
 wards 
 
 Rope, loose, and| 
 old rigging 
 
 Cork (in bundles) 
 
 Feathers (press 
 packed 
 
 Moss (Iceland) 
 
 Sponges (in bales) 
 
 -| Corks (square) ... 
 
 Feathers (bed) 
 Sponges (in cases) 
 
 Ibs.) 
 
 Asphaltum 
 
 Canes (in packages) 
 
 Crystals (rough)... 
 
 Elephant  Teeth| 
 (grinders) 
 
 Glue 
 
 Mother of Pearl 
 (packages) 
 
 cases, 
 
 Canes (common or, 
 split) 
 
 Paper 
 
 Argol ng casks or 
 
 O 
 
 Mother of Pearls| 
 (loose) 
 Wood (Belly, in| 
 cases) 
 
 Painters’ Colours... 
 
 Wood (in logs) ... 
 
 Wood (in planks) 
 Wood (box, small, 
 and in boards) 
 
 Wood (Fustic, 
 young, Snake and| 
 other hard) 
 
 Books . 
 Ivory (scraps) 
 
 casks or bags) 
 
 Shells (in packages) 
 Piassava (cut for 
 brooms) 
 
 Corossos Nuts (in 
 bulk) 
 Varnish 
 
 Hammocks 
 Pumice 
 (loose) 
 
 stone 
 
 Bristles 
 Roots (dry) 
 
 Sealing Wax 
 
 Asbestos cloth, 
 paper or paint 
 Sandal wood and 
 chips 
 
 Tortoise Shell 
 
 Turtle Shell 
 
62 
 Table 22. 
 Dock Charges.—“ Landing and Delivery rate” on goods Imported. 
 
 Classification of the Landing and Delivery rate on certain goods imported at the Docks of the London and 
 India Docks Joint Committee. (Compiled from the table of rates and charges issued by the Joint Committee.) 
 
 a gy" Delivered ex ahip. Rate ceoey Ss 7 days’ Rate paguag 14 days’ Rate cant 21 days’ | Rate a 28 days’ 
 dtd. 
 2 6 Grain in bulk (a) 
 ae Oilcake, in packages | Grains, in bulk (a) 
 3 6 | Slates, in cases Oilcake, in packages | Grain, in bulk (a) 
 3 9 | Jute, HE. India, in 
 bales 
 Rosin 
 4 - Provisions, in tins 
 Flour in sacks, bags, 
 or barrels (a, c) 
 4 2 Palm kernels Rice, in bags 
 Charcoal, animal, in 
 packages 
 4 3 | Cheese 
 4 6 | Butter Meal Salmon, in tins 
 Bran 
 Lard, in casks 
 Straw-boards 
 Bacon, in boxes 
 5 - Haricot beans, in bags Chrome ore 
 Sago Sugar, in bags 
 Sago flour, in bags Glucose, in bags 
 Canary seed, in bags 
 Flour in sacks, bags, 
 or barrels (a, d). 
 5 2 Heavy goods, Ameri- 
 can (spokes, hard- 
 wares, starch, paper, 
 wringers, scales, &c.) 
 5 6 Sardines, in cases 
 6 - Apples, dried Plumbago Myrabolans 
 Tinned fruits 
 7 - Glucose, in casks 
 7. 6 Wool, sheep or lambs’) Light goods, Ameri- 
 can (toys, organs, 
 lamps, pencils, pails, 
 paper-hangings, &c.) 
 Ground nuts, in shells 
 8 6 Sugar, in cases 
 JZ Camphor 
 10 - Wool, sheep or lambs’ 
 (b) 
 13. 4 Canes 
 
 Horns, loose 
 
 (a) Rates cover insurance against fire, 
 
 (6) Rate covers delivery by water. 
 
 (c) Rate in force in the London, St. Katbarine, Victoria, Albert and Tilbury Docks. 
 (d) Rate in force in the East, West and South West India Docks, 
 
AS yom 
 
Table 23. 
 63 
 
 Administration of the government and public services of the Port of London. 
 Regulation of Navigation. 
 
 Act conferring 
 powers, 
 
 Bodies authorised to 
 
 aan inister Statutory powers in regard to the Service. 
 
 Thames Conservancy _ ...| Power to make bye-laws for the management of the navigation of the|57 & 58 Vic., 
 Thames, for the government, good order and regulation of persons} cap. clxxxvii. 
 navigating, and for regulating the navigation of the Thames with | [1894]. 
 a view to the safety and amenity of the river in relation to the 
 purposes of the Act; preventing disturbances of the navigation of 
 the Thames for purposes of recreation; regulating the passage of 
 vessels on the Thames on any occasion when large crowds may 
 assemble thereon (191). 
 
 Power of harbour-master: to regulate the time and manner in which 
 any vessel shall enter into, go out of, or lie in the Thames and the 
 position, mooring or unmooring, placing or removing of any vessel 
 within the Thames; to regulate the manner in which any vessel, 
 within the Thames shall take in or discharge cargo or ballast; to 
 regulate the time and manner in which any vessel is to be at any 
 public draw-dock or landing place in the Thames, her position, 
 mooring or unmooring, placing and removing and the manner in 
 which she shall take in or discharge cargo or ballast (128). 
 
 Harbour-master not to direct any vessel to be within any part of the 
 Thames prohibited by Act of Parliament, nor to unmoor or remove any vessel 
 from any part of the Thames appointed as a boarding, landing or quarantine 
 station when placed there by the authority of the Customs, nor to moor, &c., 
 any vessel within low water mark of or alongside any quay, custom-house, 
 station or other place appropriated to the service of the Customs (128). 
 
 Harbour-master when his directions are not obeyed may remove 
 vessels at expense of master of vessel (130). 
 
 Power of harbour-master to unloose or slacken ropes if master or 
 other person on board a vessel does not do so when required, and 
 to put a sufficient number of persons on board for the protection of 
 the vessel, at the expense of the master (182). 
 
 Any officer of the Conservators on producing his authority, may at 
 any time for any purpose of the Act enter any vessel in the Thames 
 below Teddington-lock, and inspect every part of such vessel (133). 
 
 Every officer of the Conservators to be entitled to prefer any com- 
 plaint against any person licensed by the Watermen’s Company 
 before the court of that company, as well as before a justice, in the 
 same manner as if he were an inspector appointed by the Water- 
 men’s Company (134). 
 
 Power to exclude the public from portions of the Thames for limited 
 periods for purposes connected with navigation works, &c. (72). 
 
 Watermen’s and Lighter-| None but freemen of the company, qualified apprentices, or licensed | 22 & 23 Vic., 
 men’s Company. watermen or lightermen to act as watermen or lightermen, or to} ca CXXxiil. 
 ply, work or navigate any craft upon the Thames from or to any| [1859]. 
 
 place or ship for hire or gain (104). 
 
 No barge, lighter, boat or other like craft, used for carrying goods, 
 &c., to be navigated unless in charge of a licensed igbterman or 
 qualified apprentice (66). 
 
 Power to grant and renew watermen’s and lightermen’s licences (55, 
 59). 
 
 Appeal may be made to Conservators of the Thames on refusal of 
 company to grant waterman’s or lighterman’s licence (63). 
 
 Company to keep a register of all lightermen and watermen licensed 
 by them, such register to be open to the inspection of any person 
 on payment of the prescribed fee (65). 
 
 Power to appoint plying places and inspectors of plying places and 
 other officers (28). 
 
 Power to appoint watermen to ply on Sundays on the Thames 
 between Chelsea and Bow-creek, at such places of plying as the 
 court thinks fit, but so as not to interfere with any established 
 private ferry ; power to pay such watermen (29). 
 
 All fares received by Sunday watermen to be paid to the com- 
 pany (31). 
 
 . Power to let the Sunday ferries to farm, by giving 14 days public 
 notice thereof (34). 
 
 No freeman or apprentice, unless appointed by court, to ply for hire 
 on Sundays at plying places at which watermen have been 
 appointed to ply, or at plying places on either side of the river 
 next above or below such places, or to take passengers to any place 
 to which passengers taken at the appointed plying places are 
 usually conveyed, or to ply or work to or from any ship or craft 
 within the distance of two such other places of plying (40). 
 
 Power to make bye-laws for the government of the company and for 
 the government and regulation of lightermen and watermen. 
 
 Such bye-laws not to be inconsistent with Thames Conservancy bye-laws, 
 and not to come into force until approved by Thames Conservators (80). 
 
Administration of the government and public services of the Port of London. 
 
 Table 23——continued. 
 
 64 
 
 Regulation of Navigation—continued. 
 
 Bodies authorised to 
 
 administer. 
 
 Watermen’s and Lighter- 
 men’s Company—contd. 
 
 Trinity House 
 
 Gravesend Magistrates 
 
 City of London Corporation 
 
 East and West India Dock 
 
 Company 
 
 Hast and West India Docks. 
 
 Tilbury Docks, 
 
 London and St. Katharine 
 
 Dock Company 
 
 St. Katharine Docks. 
 
 London Decks. 
 
 Statutory powers in regard to the Service. 
 
 No craft to be navigated without a certificate, the name and certain 
 particulars contained in the certificate being placed upon her in 
 such manner as the court may prescribe (7). 
 
 Boat not to be used unless licence has been granted, and the 
 prescribed particulars are painted on her (11). 
 
 Vessels registered or licensed by Watermen’s Company are not required 
 to be registered or licensed by Thames Conservators (233). 
 
 A person having served under contract for two years within three 
 years from the registration of the contract, may apply to the 
 company for a certificate authorising him to act as a lighterman, 
 or to work or navigate a steamboat, according to the tenor of his 
 contract. Company to examine applicants and grant certificates 
 to persons qualified ; certificates thus granted to be renewable as a 
 lighterman’s licence under the Watermen’s Company’s Act. Appeal 
 may be made to Conservators of the Thames on refusal of the 
 company to grant such licence (303). 
 
 .| No person to be appointed harbour-master by the Thames Con- 
 
 servators without a certificate of fitness from Trinity House(126). 
 
 No harbour-master appointed by the Conservators to be discharged 
 by Trinity House or to be required to attend the Elder Brethren 
 of Trinity House (216). 
 
 .| Power of Justices of Gravesend to license watermen to work on 
 
 Sundays (37). 
 Power to hold a court at Gravesend called Curia Oursus Aque, or 
 the court of the water course, for the government of barges, 
 
 boats, &c., using the ferry or passage from the town of Gravesend 
 to London (96). 
 
 Corporation to provide and maintain, if required by the Con- 
 servators, a steam tug in the Upper Pool for the assistance of 
 vessels and barges navigating the centre channel of the Upper 
 
 Pool (54). 
 
 Dockmaster’s powers to extend to that part of the Thames within 
 200 yards from any entrance of the docks from the river, except at 
 the Limehouse entrance into the South West India Dock, where 
 his power shall only extend 150 yards from the centre, of the 
 entrance, 
 
 Jurisdiction of dockmaster in the river Thames to extend to 
 250 yards from the southernmost points of each of the two piers 
 at the sides of the entrance of the dock (80). 
 
 Vessels and craft not to remain in the river within 100 yards of the 
 dock entrances, except for the purpose of coming in or going out 
 of the docks, or for leading or discharging at wharves on the river 
 within that distance ; power of dockmaster to remove such vessels 
 on refusal of master to do so (100-1). 
 
 Powers of dockmaster in the Thames as to removal of vessels to 
 extend to 200 yards from the dock entrances. Vessels and craft 
 not to remain in the river within 200 yards of the dock entrances 
 except for the purpose of coming in or going out of the docks; 
 power of dockmaster to remove such vessels on refusal of master 
 to do so (126). 
 
 The limits of the power of the dockmaster to be those prescribed in 
 section 126 of 9 Geo. IV., cap. cxvi., and an additional space to the 
 south-eastward of the Shadwell new entrance; such space to be 
 bounded on the north-west by the high-water shore of the Thames 
 for 300 feet measured from the point where the centre line of the 
 entrance lock intersects the present shore line, on the north-east 
 by a line extending from the limit of the north-western boundary 
 and at right angles to it for a length of 600 feet, on the south-east 
 by a line drawn from the eastern extremity of the north-eastern- 
 boundary in a direct line to the south-eastern limit of the boundary 
 line of the Shadwell old entrance as determined by the above- 
 mentioned Act, and on the south-west by the said boundary line. 
 Dockmaster’s powers not to interfere with those of the Thames 
 Conservancy Board, save that no vessel may be moored nor any 
 moorings be placed by the Conservators within the specified space 
 without the consent of the dock company (56). 
 
 Act conferring 
 powers. 
 
 56 & 57 Vice. 
 
 cap. lxxxi. 
 [1893]. 
 57 & 58 Vic., 
 
 cap. clxxxvii. 
 
 (1894). 
 
 57 & 58 wee 
 cap. clxxxvii. 
 
 [1894]. 
 
 22 & 23° Vic. 
 cap. CxXxxili. 
 
 [1859]. 
 
 48 and 49 Vic., 
 CxCy. 
 
 cap. 
 [1885]. 
 
 9 Geo. IV., cap. 
 
 XCViy hee LOO 
 [1828]; 1 & 2 
 Will. IV., cap., 
 lil. 75) 
 [1831]. 
 
 45 and 46 Vic., 
 cap. xc. [1882. ] 
 
 6 Geo. IV., cap. 
 ev. [1825]. 
 
 9 Geo. IV. cap. 
 exvi. [1828]. 
 
 16 .& 17 yaa 
 cap. cvi. [1853] 
 
Table 23—continued. 
 
 65 
 
 Administration of the government and public services of the Port of London. 
 
 Regulation of Navigation—continued. 
 
 Bodies authorised to 
 
 araiiistor Statutory powers in regard to the Service. 
 
 London and St. Katharine| Dockmaster’s authority to extend into the Thames to a distance of 
 Dock Company— 100 yards from the point at which a straight line drawn through 
 Royal Victoria Dock the centre of the entrance lock would intersect a straight line 
 drawn from the outer point of one of the jetties at the outer sides 
 of the dock entrance to the outer point of the other; dockmaster’s 
 powers not to prejudice those of the Conservators of the Thames 
 | (29). 
 .-, Power of harbour master appointed by the company to extend into 
 River Thames to a distance of 300 yards from the company’s works 
 on the river, but not to interfere with the power of the Conserva- 
 tors of the Thames within those limits. 
 
 Royal Albert Dock ... 
 
 Power of the canal master appointed by the company to extend to 
 all parts of the Thames within 100 yards from the centre of the 
 gate of the entrance from the river; but not so as to interfere 
 with the powers of the Conservators of the Thames within those 
 
 limits (69-70). 
 
 Millwall Dock Company ... 
 
 Surrey Commercial Dock) Dockmaster’s authority in the Thames to extend to 150 yards from 
 Company each dock entrance, such distance to be measured in each case from 
 the point where the central line of the entrance lock intersects the 
 river front of the wing walls of the entrance; powers of dock- 
 master not to interfere with those of Censervators of the Thames 
 within those limits, save that no vessel may be moored nor any 
 moorings placed tiiere without the consent of the company. 
 
 No vessel to be moored in the river within the limits of the dock- 
 master’s authority; dockmaster to have power to remove such 
 vessels; vessels may, however, lie at wharves within those limits 
 
 (81). 
 
 Vessels and craft registered by the Canal Company passing in and 
 out of the canal from and to the Thames, not to be subject to the 
 rules and regulations of the Waterman’s Company, provided they 
 do not load or unload cargo on the Thames, but such vessels and 
 craft not to navigate the Thames without a free waterman to 
 conduct them (75). 
 
 North Metropolitan Rail- 
 way and Canal Company. 
 
 Dockmaster’s authority to extend to all parts of the river within 
 300 feet of a point halfway between the extremities of the pier heads 
 of the new cut or entrance, except the wharf, jetty or landing place 
 on the Thames authorised by this Act, and except also so much of 
 the Thames within the above limits as would be left to the east- 
 ward of a straight line drawn from the northernmost point of a 
 piece of land lying between Narrow-street and the river which 
 was agreed to be purchased by the Lea Trustees (now Lea Con- 
 servators) along the western side thereof, and terminating at the 
 extreme limit of the dockmaster’s authority in the Tuames. Dock- 
 master not to interfere with the docking, &c., of vessels entering 
 the dock of Messrs. Dowson and Worth, or the passing of vessels 
 and traffic between the Thames and the Lea Navigation (57). 
 
 London LExtension| Dock-master’s authority to extend to a distance of 100 yards into 
 the Thames from centre of the outer lock gates of the dock, but 
 such authority not to interfere with that of the Thames Con- 
 servators within those limits (164). 
 
 West 
 Railway Company 
 Chelsea Dockand Kensington 
 
 Canal 
 
 Greenwich Pier Company | Power to make bye-laws for the regulation of the mooring and 
 stations of vessels, boats, &c., and of persons employed thereon ; 
 such bye-laws to be subject to the approval of the Thames Con- 
 servators and of Trinity House (42). 
 
 Notice of any alteration of the above bye-laws to be given to the Watcrmen’s 
 Company ten days before they are submitted for approval; the Warermen’s 
 Company may submit objections to the pier company, and, if necessary, to the 
 Thames Conservators and Trinity House (43). 
 
 Power of piermaster to regulate the mooring of vessels, &c. (68). 
 
 Act confering 
 powers. 
 
 20. & 21 Wace, 
 
 cap. lxxxill. 
 [1857]. 
 38 & 39 Vic., 
 
 cap. cliii., s. 13 
 [1875]; 47 Vic., 
 cap. xv., s. 25 
 
 [1884]. 
 27 and 28 Vic., 
 
 cap. ccly. 
 [1864]. 
 
 27 ~=6Vic., cap. 
 XEXI.. | Saeeeee 
 
 [1864]; 57 and 
 58 Vic., cap. 
 Ixvii. [1894]. 
 
 2? Vic. cap 
 xxxi. [1864]. 
 
 52 Geo. ITI., cap. 
 excv. (1S8i2F 
 
 28 & 29 Vic., cap. 
 eceelxy. [1865]. 
 
 22 & 23 Vic., 
 cap. CXXXly. 
 
 [1859]. 
 
 6 & 7 Will. IV., 
 cap. | CXXviil. 
 
 [1836.] 
 
Table 23—continue d. 
 
 66 
 
 Administration of the government and public services of the Port of London. 
 
 Prevention and removal of obstructions. 
 
 Bodies authorised to 
 administer. 
 
 Statutory powers in regard to the service. 
 
 Act conferring 
 powers. 
 
 Thames Conservancy 
 
 Board of Trade 
 
 Admiralty ... 
 
 Power to cause vessels sunk or stranded to be raised, blown up, or 
 destroyed, so as to clear the Thames therefrom; whatever is saved 
 in doing so may be sold to pay expenses incurred, any deficiency 
 being chargeable to the owners of the vessels, and any surplus 
 payable to them (77). 
 
 Power to remove obstructions in the Thames or on the towing paths 
 at the expense of the owner of the obstructions (78). 
 
 Power to remove dangerous or useless piles, mooring chains, and 
 other nuisances, remove or shorten waterways, causeways, stairs 
 or other projections injurious to navigation, and recover the 
 expenses of doing so from owners or occupiers (81). 
 
 Power to abate or remove or cause to be abated or removed all 
 obstructions, nuisances, and abuses in the river (83 (1) ). 
 
 Power to make bye-laws for preventing obstructions (191). 
 
 Power to remove works in tidal waters constructed under Improve- 
 ment of Land Act, 1864, and abandoned or fallen into decay (77). 
 Power to remove disused works of the Millwall and London and 
 St. Katharine Dock Companies affecting the Thames at the 
 
 expense of the company concerned. 
 
 Board of Trade may abate or remove works which they do not 
 approve, and restore the site to its former condition at the cost of 
 the persons who may have commenced or executed such works (184) 
 
 Power to remove or prevent obstructions between signal and coast- 
 
 guard stations. 
 
 Power to remove works in tidal waters constructed under Improve- 
 ment of Land Act, 1864, and abandoned or fallen into decay (77). 
 
 57 & 58 Vic., cap. 
 celxxxvil. 
 
 [1894]. 
 
 27 & 28 Vic., cap. 
 114 [1864]. 
 
 27 & 28 Vic., cap. 
 celv. [1864]; 
 
 38 & 39 Vic, 
 cap.cliii.[1875]; 
 47 Vic., cap. xv. 
 [1884]. 
 
 57 & 58 Vic., cap. 
 clxxxvii. 
 
 [18941]. 
 
 55 Geo. IIL., cap. 
 128 [1815]; 19 
 & 20 Vic., cap. 
 83 [1856}. 
 
 27 & 28 Vic., cap. 
 114 [1864]. 
 
67 
 
 Table 23—-continued. 
 Administration of the government and public services of the Port of London. 
 
 Port Sanitary. 
 
 Bodies authorised to Act confirming 
 
 a Arstniatar’ Statutory powers in regard to the service. powers. 
 
 City of London Corporation| The mayor, aldermen and commons of the City of London shall be} 35 & 36 Vic., 
 deemed to be the Port Sanitary Authority of the Port of London, | cap. 79 [1872]. 
 and shall pay out of their corporate funds all their expenses as 
 such port sanitary authority (20). 
 
 [|The Local Government Board may assign by order to any port sanitary 
 authority powers for the prevention of nuisances caused by the discharge of 
 crude sewage ; for the prevention of smoke nuisances from steam vessels, the 
 inspection of vessels and ordering of structural alterations, &c., to provide for 
 the health of the crew, the prevention of infectious diseases, and the inspection 
 of canal boats under the Canal Boats Acts, 1877 and 1884, and for the ex- 
 amination of cargoes of foreign meat. 54 and 55 Vic., cap. 76. ] 
 
Table 23—continued. 
 
 68 
 
 Administration of the government and public services of the Port of London. 
 
 Prevention of Pollution. 
 
 Bodies authorised to 
 administer. 
 
 Thames Conservancy 
 
 London County Council ... 
 
 Kent and Hssex Fisheries 
 Commissioners 
 
 Statutory powers in regard to the service. 
 
 Power to preserve the flow and purity of the water of the Thames, 
 and its tributaries, down to the western boundary of the County 
 of London, and to cause the surface of the Thames, and its tribu- 
 taries within three miles of the Thames, to be effectually scavenged 
 down to said western boundary (91). 
 
 Prohibition of throwing ballast, gravel, stones, earth, sand, ashes, 
 &c., into the Thames, or on its shores, or allowing offensive matter 
 to flow into it (92). 
 
 This power nct to extend to vessels within the limits of the Port of London, 
 and under the jurisdiction of the port sauitary authority (92). 
 
 Power to require sanitary authorities, owners and occupiers, within 
 the catchment area of the Thames, to produce for inspection within 
 28 days of an application from the Conservators, all plans in their 
 possession of sewers, drains, &c., or to supply copies thereof on 
 payment, and to give all further information in their possession 
 (99). 
 
 Power to stop up outlets of sewers, channels, &c., after conviction of 
 owners, &c., for causing pollution, with the sanction of the Court, and 
 to recover expenses of doing so, except in the case of any drain, &e., 
 below Teddington-lock vested in a local authority, if such authority 
 have or be taking all practical means to procure the conviction of 
 
 the offender (100). 
 
 Nothing in the provisions of the Act in regard to pollution to prejudice or effect 
 the rights of the West Ham Corporation to continue the flow or passage of 
 sewage through the lower of their two present outfalls, near the West-marsh 
 sluice, river Lea, so long as provision is made by proper depositing tanks and 
 filter beds, or otherwise, by the best known practical process for purifying, 
 clarifying and disinfecting the sewage, so as not to be, in the opinion of the 
 conservators, injurious (105). 
 
 Prohibition against throwing ballast, &c., into the river, or allowing any offensive 
 matter to flow into it, not tv apply to the vessels of the Victoria Steamboat 
 oe Limited, or their successors, certified to carry 300 or more passengers 
 105), 
 
 Power to enforce the provisions of the Rivers Pollution Prevention 
 Act, 1876, in relation to so much of any stream as is situated 
 within or passes through or by any part of the county, and for 
 that purpose to have the same powers and duties as if they were 
 a sanitary authority within the meaning of the Act. 
 
 Council to make bye-laws prescribing the times for the removal or 
 carriage by road or water of any fecal, offensive, or noxious 
 matter or liquid in or through London, and providing that the 
 carriage or vessel used be properly constructed and covered so as 
 to prevent the escape of any such matter or liquid, &e. (16). 
 
 Power to make bye-laws prohibiting the deposit of solid or liquid 
 substance detrimental to sea fish (2). 
 
 Act conferring 
 powers. 
 
 57 and 58 Vic., 
 cap. clxxxvii. 
 
 [1894]. 
 
 18 & 19 VWaeo 
 cap. 120[1855]; 
 39 & 40 Vic., 
 cap. 75 [1876] ; 
 51 & 52 Vic., 
 cap. 41 [1888]. 
 
 54 & 55 Vie., 
 cap. 76 [1891]. 
 
 51 & 52 Vice., 
 cap. 54 [1888]. 
 
 ee SS es ee eee ese cesses ene ne SS SS SSS SSS 
 
Table 23—continued. 
 69 
 
 Administration of the government and public services of the Port of London, 
 
 Police. 
 
 Bodies authorised to 
 administer. 
 
 = j Acts conferring 
 Statutory powers in regard to the service, powers. 
 
 Metropolitan Police ... | Powers of police to extend over the Thames within or adjoining the}2 & 3 Vic. 
 metropolitan police area and within or adjoining the City of| cap. 47 [1839]. 
 London, and over creeks, inlets, waters, docks, wharves, quays and 
 landing places adjacent to the Thames (5). 
 
 Powers of police to extend, for the purposes of the Act and of |57 & 58 Vic., 
 Thames Conservancy bye-laws, over the whole of the waters, bed,| cap. clxxxvii. 
 shores, banks, towpaths, islands, &c., of the Thames, and over} [1894]. 
 every place within 100 yards on either side of the Thames, where 
 that river flows through or by the metropolitan police area (205). 
 Thames Conservators may employ police, with consent of chief 
 officer and upon such terms as to payment as may be agreed upon, 
 to maintain order, &., and exercise general authority at the piers 
 or landing places and the avenues and approaches belonging 
 thereto or under the control of the Conservators within the 
 metropolitan police jurisdiction (208). 
 
 Power of Chief Commissioner of Metropolitan Police may, to main- 
 tain order and secure the safety of the public, give such orders as 
 he thinks expedient for the purpose of regulating the passage of 
 vessels in such parts of the Thames as are within his jurisdiction 
 on any occasion when large crowds may assemble on such parts ; 
 superintendents, inspectors, or sergeants of any police force may 
 enter on vessels, the masters of which refuse to comply with orders 
 given in pursuance of this section (209). 
 
 All officers and constables so employed to observe the bye-laws of the 
 
 Thames Conservancy, and the direction of any officer of the Conservancy who 
 may be present (210). 
 
 Police of City of London | Powers of police acting for any area through or by which the/57 & 58 Vic. 
 and riparian boroughs Thames flows to extend, for the purposes of the Act and of the cap. clxxxvii. 
 and counties within| Thames Conservancy bye-laws, over the whole of the waters, bed,| [1894]. 
 Thames Conservancy | shores, banks, towpaths, islands, &ec., of the Thames, and over any 
 limits. place within 100 yards on either side of the Thames, where that 
 
 river flows through or by such area (205). 
 
 Thames Conservators may employ police acting for any area through 
 or by which the Thames flows, with consent of chief officer and upon 
 such terms as to payment as may be agreed upon, to maintain 
 order, &c., and exercise general authority at the piers or landing 
 places and the avenues and approaches belonging thereto or under 
 the control of the Conservators within such area (208). 
 
 om 
 
Table 23—continued. 
 70 
 
 Administration of the government and public services of the Port of London. 
 
 Levy of Dues on Shipping. 
 
 Bedige anaes bo Statutory powers in regard to the service. A 
 Thames Conservancy ... | Power to take duties of tonnage on vessels entering inwards and|57 & 58 Vic., 
 clearing outwards in the Port of London with certain exemptions| cap. clxxxvii. 
 (155). [1894]. 
 
 Power to take tolls in respect of vessels, other than pleasure boats, 
 navigating the Thames westward of London Bridge to Strand-on- 
 the-Green, and places to the westward thereof (160). 
 
 Any authorised collector of tolls may require the master of any vessel 
 to give him the name and address of the owner and the place or 
 places to which the vessel is bound (162), 
 
 Power to seize and detain vessels, gear, &c., for the non-payment of 
 registration fees, tolls, tonnage duties, &c.; after five days’ deten- 
 tion, if dues, &c., are still unpaid, vessels may be sold, and the tolls 
 and expenses defrayed out of the proceeds, the officer seizing and 
 detaining not to be answerable for any loss, &c., resulting from it, 
 except such as may be due to his wilful or grossly negligent act or 
 default (167). 
 
 Disputes as to tolls, fees, &c., due to Thames Conservators to be 
 referred to a court of summary jurisdiction; court to determine 
 amount of tolls, &c., due, and to assess the amount of charges for 
 distress and sale and other costs (168). 
 
Table 23—continuwed. 
 
 71 
 
 Administration of the government and public services of the Port of London. 
 
 Lighting. 
 Bare enorised ig Statutory powers in regard to the service. ge een 
 Trinity House .... ...; Power to superintend and manage all lighthouses throughout | 57 &58 Vic., cap. 
 
 England and Wales and the Channel Islands and adjacent seas| 60 [1894]. 
 and islands and at Gibraltar is vested in the Trinity House 
 (subject to any powers or rights now lawfully enjoyed or exercised 
 by any person or body or body of persons having by-law or usage 
 authority over local lighthouses) (634). [The Board of Trade 
 has power to inspect lighthouses (636) and the Crown to fix the 
 establishment to be maintained by each general lighthouse 
 authority (659). | 
 
 [By clause 136 of Thames Conservancy Act of 1894 the Conservators are 
 not to place any lighthouse below London-bridge. | ; 
 
 London County Council | Council to exhibit at or near the Woolwich ferry improvements and|48 & 49 Vic., 
 on other works connected therewith, from sunset to sunrise, such | cap. clxvii. 
 lights as the Conservators may approve and direct for the safe [1885]. 
 guidance and navigation of vessels (20). 
 
 City of London Corporation | Corporation to exhibit on or near the Tower bridge, from sunset to} 48 & 49 Vic., 
 sunrise, such lights for the guidance of vessels as the Conservators| cap. cxcv. 
 may require; places for all lights to be erected on the bridge to be [1885]. 
 approved by the Conservators (24). 
 
 Southend-on-Sea Corpora- | Lights on the pier for the guidance of vessels resorting to the | 10 Geo. IV., cap. 
 tion wharves, quays, piers, jetties, &c., not to be altered without the} xlix. [1829]. 
 consent of Trinity House (162). 
 Corporation to keep burning, from sunset to sunrise, such lights|5 & 6 Will. IV., 
 as the Trinity House shall from time to time direct. cap. xc. [1835]; 
 38 & 39 Vic., 
 cap. CXX1x. 
 [1875]; 50 & 51 
 Vic., cap. v. 
 
 | [1888]. 
 
(2 
 
 Table 28—continued. 
 
 Administration of the government and public services of the Port of London. 
 
 Buoying. 
 = Nee: 
 pce ae y Statutory powers in regard to the service. Ae 
 Trinity House ... ... | Power to superintend and manage all buoys throughout England and | 57 & 58 Vic., 
 
 Wales and the Channel Islands and adjacent seas and islands and| cap. 60 [1894]. 
 at Gibraltar is vested in the Trinity House (subject to any powers ' 
 
 or rights now lawfully enjoyed or exercised by any person or body, 
 
 or body of persons having by law or usage authority over local 
 
 buoys) (634). 
 
Table 23—continued. 
 
 73 
 
 Administration of the government and public services of the Port of London. 
 
 Beacons. 
 
 Ee a een ee 
 
 Bodies authorised to 
 administer. 
 
 Thames Conservancy 
 
 Trinity House 
 (Beyond Thames 
 servancy jurisdiction.) 
 
 Statutory powers in regard to the service. 
 
 Act conferring 
 powers. 
 
 ...| Power to place and maintain such beacons as are necessary and con- 
 
 venient for the navigation of the Thames; such power is vested in the 
 Conservators exclusively. Conservators to have the same authority 
 over and to be subject to the same obligations in regard to beacons 
 placed by the Trinity House within the jurisdiction of the Conser- 
 vators before the 3lst December, 1864, as the Trinity House had 
 and were subject to in regard to them before that date. (Provi- 
 sions ss. 77-8 of 10 & 11 Vic., cap. 27, enacting that beacons are 
 
 not to be erected without the sanction of Trinity House, shall not | 
 
 apply within Thames Conservancy jurisdiction) (135). 
 
 ...| Power to superintend and manage all beacons throughout England 
 
 Con- 
 
 and Wales and the Channel Islands and adjacent seas and islands, 
 and at Gibraltar, is vested in the Trinity House (subject to any 
 powers or rights now lawfully enjoyed or exercised by any person 
 or body, or body of persons having by law or usage authority over 
 local beacons) (634). 
 
 57 & 58 Vic. 
 cap. clxxxvii. 
 
 (1894). 
 
 57 & 58 Vie, 
 cap. 60 [1894]. 
 
 DN eee al 
 
Table 23 —continued, 
 74 
 
 Administration of the government and public services of the Port of London. 
 
 Pilotage. 
 
 Bodies authorised to 
 administer. 
 
 ; ; Act conferring 
 Statutory powers in regard to the Service. powers. 
 
 Trinity House 
 
 -| No manner of person or persons, seamen or mariners, or other | Charter, 1 James 
 
 person whatsoever, at any time hereafter, shall take upon him or| 11. 
 them, or otherwise presume or suffer themselves to be pilots, loads- 
 
 men or guides, to or for the bringing in, or carrying forth of the 
 
 river of Thames, or any other creek belonging or running into 
 
 the same, of any ship or other vessel, by what name or names 
 soever they shall be called, except such person or persons so taking 
 
 upon him or them such pilotship, loadsmanage or guidance, shall 
 
 be thereunto first appointed and authorized by the said master, 
 wardens and assistants, or their deputies for the time being.” 
 
 Power as to exemptions from compulsory pilotage (581). 57 & 58 Vict., 
 Power to make by-laws (to be confirmed by order in Council) (582-3).| cap. 60 [1894]. 
 Power to register and licence pilots (586). 
 
 Power to grant pilotage certificates to masters and mates (599). 
 
Table 23—continued. 
 
 i) 
 
 Administration of the government and public services of the Port of London. 
 
 Moorings. 
 
 Bodies authorised to 
 
 Stn tstor Statutory powers in regard to the service. 
 
 Thames Conservancy Power to put down, place, and maintain such mooring chains as 
 are necessary or convenient (112). 
 
 Power to purchase by agreement any private mooring chains (113). 
 
 No mooring chains to be put down or placed without permission 
 of the Conservators ; Conservators may require such chains to be 
 removed upon a week’s notice (114). 
 
 Power to remove private mooring chains within the tideway on 
 payment of compensation to owner for loss or damage (115). 
 
 Power to make bye-laws for preventing obstructions and as to 
 the mooring of timber on the Thames; for regulating the times 
 and manner of raising or suspending mooring chains in the Thames 
 
 191). 
 
 Aue to take tolls for the use of moorings from vessels not paying 
 tonnage dues (157). 
 
 West India Dock Company | No vessel except those using the docks to lie at the buoys, &c., of the 
 company in the Thames, except with the special permission of one 
 of the dock-masters. 
 
 London and St. Katharine 
 Dock Company 
 
 &e., in the Thames near 
 but not so as to interfere with the 
 
 Power to lay down buoys, dolphins, 
 the entrances to the Docks, 
 navigation of the river. 
 
 Power to prevent moorings placed by the company in the Thames 
 within the limits of their jurisdiction being used by vessels other 
 than those entering or leaving their docks without the company’s 
 consent (122). 
 
 Surrey Commercial Dock 
 
 Power to prevent moorings being placed in the Thames within the 
 Company 
 
 area under the company’s control without the consent of the 
 company. 
 
 North Metropolitan Rail- | Power to lay down dolphins, mooring posts or mooring craft in the 
 way and Canal Company; Thames, but not so as to injure the navigation or in any other 
 manner than that approved by the Conservators (52). 
 
 City of London Corporation | Corporation to maintain, if required by the Conservators, such rods, 
 rings, chains, staples and other things as may be in their opinion 
 proper and sufficient for the mooring of vessels at all states of the 
 tide to the eastern side of the northern pier of the Tower-bridge, 
 and to permit vessels to be moored thereto (12). 
 
 Act conferring 
 powers. 
 
 57 & 58 Vic., 
 cap. clxxxvil. 
 
 (1894). 
 
 1&2 Will. IV., 
 cap. lii. [1831]. 
 
 6 Geo. IV., cap. 
 cv.s. 79 [1825]; 
 9 Geox LVS 
 cap. cxvi., s. 87 
 [1828]; 16 &17 
 Vic., cap. cvL, 
 s. 26 [1853]. 
 
 27 & 28 Vice. 
 Cape) Clxxvill 
 
 [1854]. 
 
 27 Vic ,cap. xxxi. 
 s. 82 [1864]. 
 
 57 & 58 Vic., cap. 
 lxvii., s. 33 (2) 
 [1894]. 
 
 28 & 29 Vic., 
 cap. ccclxv. 
 
 [1865]. 
 48 & 49 Vic., 
 
 cap. cxcv. 
 
 [1885]. 
 
76 
 Table 23—continued. 
 
 Administration of the government and public services of the Port of London. 
 Dredging. 
 
 Act conferring 
 powers. 
 
 Bodies authorised to 
 
 Paeatmicten Statutory powers in regard to the service, 
 
 Thames Conservancy ...| Power to dredge, cleanse, and scour the Thames; to alter, deepen,|57 & 58 Vic., 
 restrict, enlarge, lengthen, shorten, straighten and improve the bed | cap. clxxxvii. 
 and channel; to reduce or remove any shoals, shelves, banks, or; [1894]. 
 other accumulations (83 (1) ). 
 
 Power to remove or scour any shoal, mud, bank, or other accumu- 
 lation, to shorten any bend or remove any angle in the river, 
 and for such purpose to enter into agreements for the purchase of 
 land, &e. (84). 
 
 No person to dredge without licence of Conservators ; the Conser- 
 vators not to license any person to dredge in those parts of the 
 bed of the river in front of or adjoining any property belonging to 
 
 the Crown or Government departments (87). 
 
 Before commencing to dredge, scour or deepen any part of the river, 
 within 20 yards of any bridge over it, or pier or abutment thereof or the 
 structure of any tunnel under the river Conservators to give 14 days’ notice to 
 owners (88). 
 
 Conservators not to dredge the bed of the Thames under or within 20 
 yards of the West London Extension Railway Company’s bridge for more 
 than 30 feet below Trinity high-water mark without the consent of the com- 
 pany (89). 
 
 No work by the London County Council in connection with the Blackwall- 
 tunnel to be executed that will prevent the Conservancy dredging to a depth 
 of 48 feet below Trinity high-water mark for a width of 500 feet across and 
 in the centre of the river (50 & 51 Vic., cap. clxxii., s. 9). 
 
 No work by the London County Council in connection with the Greenwich- 
 tunnel to be executed that will prevent the Conservators dredging to a depth 
 of 48 feet below Trinity high-water mark for a width of 500 feet across and 
 in the centre of the river. (60 & 61 Vic., cap. ccxxiv., s. 15.) 
 
 Conservators to be at liberty to dredge the Thames under the Tower- 
 bridge to a depth of 40 feet below Trinity high-water mark except near the 
 abutments, where the depth shall not exceed 35 feet. (48 & 49 Vic., cap. 
 excy. (17).) 
 
 No permanent works in connection with the City and South London Rail- 
 way to be erected on the bed of the Thames, and no work to be done to prevent 
 the Conservators dredging to the depth of 35 feet below Trinity high-water 
 mark. (47 & 48 Vic., cap. clxvii., s. 67.) 
 
 The subway of the Baker-street and Waterloo Railway to be so constructed 
 as not to prevent the Conservators from dredging to the depth of 25 feet below 
 Trinity high-water mark for 75 yards from the present bank on the south side of 
 the river and of 35 feet for the remaining portion of the river. (56 & 57 Vic., 
 cap. iv., Ss. 61.) 
 
 No permanent work in connection with Waterloo and City Railway to be 
 made in the river, and the subway to be so constructed as not to prevent the 
 Conservators from dredging to the depth of 35 feet below Trinity high-water 
 mark. (56 & 57 Vic., cap. clxxxvii., s. 67.) 
 
 London County Council ...) Power to dredge or deepen the hed of the river within certain limits| 48 @ 49 Vic. 
 
 near the Woolwich ferry (20). cap. elxvii. 
 [1885]. 
 
 West India Dock Com-| Power to scour the bed of the river and preserve the depth at the |1 & 2 Will. IV. 
 pany entrance of the docks so as to enable vessels to enter (73). cap. lii. [1831]. 
 London and St. Katharine} Power to scour the bed of the river and preserve the depths at the|9 Geo. IV., cap. - 
 Dock Company entrances of the docks so as to enable vessels to enter; the matter CXV1., § Bee 
 so dredged to be carried away by the company beyond the reach of [1828]; 16 & 
 the tide. 17) ‘Viewer, 
 
 evi.,s. 7 [1853]. 
 Power to scour, dredge, and deepen the bed or shore of the Thames | 38 & 39 Vic., cap. 
 near the Albert dock and works, with the consent of the Con- cliii., s. 4 (4) 
 servators, in order to improve the access to the dock. [1875]; 47 Vic., 
 cap. xv., 8. 24, 
 ; [1884]. 
 
 Millwall Dock Company ...! Power to scour and deepen the bed or shore of the Thames and | 27 & 28Vic., cap. 
 
 preserve the depth at the entrances to the docks so as to enable} ccly. [1864], 
 
 vessels to enter (33). 
 
 Surrey Commercial Dock) Power to scour the bed and shore of the river and preserve the | 27Vic.,cap.xxxi., 
 Company depth at the entrances to the docks so as to enable vessels to| 5s. 57 [1864] ; 
 enter. 57 & 58 Vic., 
 cap. Ixvii., s. 10 
 ; [1894]. 
 North Metropolitan Rail-| Power to dredge, scour and deepen the bed and shore of the Thames |28 & 29 Vic., 
 way and Canal Company| at the entrance to the dock so as to enable vessels to enter (18). cap. ecelxy. 
 1865 ]. 
 Greenwich-pier Company | Power to deepen the river in front of the pier (2)... Se ie Fe i 7 Wil IV., 
 Cap. | ‘CxXX Vili. 
 [1836]. 
 Southend-on-Sea Corpora-| Power to dredge, scour and deepen the bed and shore of the sea or | 50&51 Vic., cap. 
 tion river at or near any part of the pier, subject to the consent of the| v. [1887]; 58& 
 Board of Trade. 59 | Vie sscap, 
 
 clviii. [1895], 
 
Table 23—continued. 
 
 Administration of the government and public services of the Port of London. 
 
 Ballasting. 
 
 Acts conferring 
 
 Bodies authorised to Statutory powers in regard to the service. 
 
 administer. powers. 
 Thames Conservancy... | Power to dredge and raise ballast below Teddington lock for the}57 & 58 Vic., 
 supply of vessels in the river (83 (3) ). elxxxvil. 
 
 ca 
 Power to carry away, deposit, sell, or otherwise dispose of ballast,} [1894]. 
 &c., not required for the purpose for which raised (83 (4) ). 
 Power to undertake the supplying of vessels in the river with 
 ballast on such terms as the Conservators think fit (83 (5) ). 
 Power to undertake to place ballast on board vessels or to unload it 
 therefrom on such terms as they think fit (83 (6) ). 
 
 ee LK 
 
78 
 
 Table 23—continued. 
 
 Administration of the government and public services of the Port of London. 
 
 Landing accommodation. 
 
 Bodies authorised to 
 administer. 
 
 Statutory powers in regard to the service. 
 
 Acts conferring 
 powers. 
 
 Thames Conservancy 
 
 London County Council ... 
 
 London Riverside Fish- 
 
 market Company. 
 
 Greenwich Pier Company. 
 
 Southend-on-Sea Corpora- 
 tion. 
 
 Metropolitan District Rail- 
 way Company. 
 
 Great Eastern 
 
 Railway 
 Company. 
 
 South Eastern Railway 
 Company (now London, 
 Chatham, and South 
 Eastern Railway Com- 
 
 pany). 
 
 London, Tilbury and South- 
 end Railway Company. 
 
 Metropolitan 
 Board 
 
 Asylums 
 
 Power to erect piers and landing-places at any convenient places 
 below Teddington-lock for the convenience of the public, and to 
 shut up or remove them without being obliged to provide others in 
 lieu of them (119). 
 
 Power to let on lease to any person for a period not exceeding three 
 years upon an agreed rental, any pier or landing place, or the right 
 to receive such tolls as the Conservators shall have previously 
 authorised to be taken at such pier, &c.; every such lessce to have 
 the same rights, powers and authorities for taking, receiving, and 
 recovering such tolls as are given by the Act to the Con- 
 servators (120). 
 
 Power to provide proper approaches and avenues to such piers or 
 landing places, and cause such piers, approaches, é&c., to be kept in 
 good repair, well lighted, watched and cleansed (122). 
 
 [Whenever the Conservators shut up, remove or in any way obstruct the 
 free use and enjoyment of any existing stairs or landing-place now worked by the 
 
 Watermen’s Company, they are required to provide and maintain in lieu equally 
 conyenient public stairs or landing-places (124), | 
 
 Power to permit vessels other than the ferry boats to use the piers 
 of the Woolwich ferry for the landing or embarking of passengers, 
 animals, vehicles and goods on such reasonable terms and under 
 such reasonable conditions as the Council may think fit, provided 
 it does not interfere with the running of the ferry boats (21): 
 
 Power to make wharves, landing places and other conveniences on 
 thet part of the company’s property abutting on the Thames, and 
 to charge dues for the use of them (26). 
 
 Power to erect and maintaina pier, wharf or jetty on the Thames in 
 the parish of Greenwich for the landing and embarking of 
 passengers, horses, carriages, cattle, &c., and the loading and 
 unloading of vessels, and to erect such other landing places 
 embankments and other works as may be necessary to render the 
 pier useful for the landing and embarking of passengers and 
 goods; power to erect toll houses, &c. (2). 
 
 Power to make and maintain not more than two piers or jetties, and 
 not more than two causeways, and such wharves, quays, and other 
 works, warehouses, buildings, &c., as may be necessary to make 
 the piers, jetties and causeways convenient for vessels and for the 
 lading and unlading of the same, and for the landing and embark- 
 ing of passengers and goods (81). 
 
 Power to make and maintain a pier on the Thames at the termina- 
 tion of the company’s Fulham extension railway (5). 
 
 Power to make and maintain a landing pier in the Thames in the 
 parish of Poplar at the termination of the Millwall extension 
 railway (4). 
 
 Power to take tolls in respect of any vessel using the landing pier 
 not exceeding 2s. 6d. for each time of using it, and not exceeding 
 ld. in respect of every passenger landed on the pier, and to take 
 such reasonable rates for animals and goods shipped or unshipped, 
 received at or delivered from the pier, as the company may from 
 time to time appoint (29). 
 
 Power to make and maintain a landing stage or pier in the Thames 
 near Hungerford-bridge (Charing-cross pier) for the landing and 
 embarking of passengers and goods. 
 
 Power to take tolls in respect of all passengers, luggage and goods 
 landed from or embarked on vessels calling at the landing stage. 
 
 Power of railway company to purchase from the Corporation of 
 Gravesend the town quay and pier with all the rights, privi- 
 leges, &e. (2). 
 
 Power to take tolls in respect of all vessels using the pier or quay 
 for all goods shipped or unshipped, for the use of cranes, weighing 
 machines and sheds, for passengers landing at or embarking from 
 the pier or quay, for passengers’ luggage, and for the use of the 
 pier as a promenade (8). 
 
 | Thames Conservators not to make or authorise any ferry between any points 
 in Milton or Gravesend and Chadwell or Tilbury, or to prejudice or interfere 
 with any ferry rights, &c., possessed by the company, or to make or authorise to 
 be made any pier or works for landing passengers which shall injuriously affect 
 the company’s pier or works (234 (1)). No harbour-master appointed by the 
 Conservators to have jurisdiction on any wharf, pier or landing place of the 
 
 company now used by the latter for the purpose of their traffic and undertaking 
 [ (234 (5) ), 57 & 58 Vic., cap. clxxxvii. | 
 
 Power to maintain wharves, landing places, c&c., for the embarkation 
 and landing of persons from hospitals, and to provide and maintain 
 vessels for the use of persons suffering from infectious diseases (79) 
 
 57 & 58 Vic., 
 cap. clxxxvli. 
 
 (1894). 
 
 48 & 49 Viz., 
 cap. clxvil. 
 
 (1885. ] 
 
 45 & 46 Vic., 
 exlvi. [1882]. 
 
 6 & 7 Will. IV., 
 cap.  CXXYViil. 
 
 [1836]. 
 
 10 Geo. IV., cap. 
 xlix. [1829]. 
 
 41 & 42 Vic., cap. 
 cliv. [1878]. 
 
 36 & 37 Vic., 
 cap. clxili. 
 
 [1873]. 
 
 11 Geo. IV., cap. 
 lxx. [1830]; 6 
 & 7 Will. IV., 
 cap. ° Cxxaualy 
 
 [1836]. 
 
 47 & 48 Vic., 
 cap.clx. [1884] 
 
 54 & 55 Vice., cap. 
 76 [1891]. 
 
Table 24. 
 
 System of Government of the ports of the United Kingdom. 
 
General nature of 
 
 80 
 
 Principal Act 
 
 System of government of the 
 
 governing body. constituting authority. Constitution of the authority, 
 Aberdeen ...| Harbour Commis-| 58 & 59 Vic., | Lord Provost, 6 baillies, dean of guild 
 sioners CXXXYI. 11 town councillors elected by the Town Council 
 12 elected by ratepayers. Qualifications: Commis- 
 sioners and Hlectors—residence within the City, 
 and owning at least 25 tons registered shipping or 
 having paid in the previous year £5 of harbour rates 
 Aberystwith .| The Corporation ...| 37 & 38 Vic., cxx. oo 
 
 Alloa, Clackmannan 
 
 Port and Harbour) 35[& 36 Vic., 
 
 Trustees 
 
 Arbroath, Forfar-- Harbour Trustees ... 
 shire 
 
 Ardrossan ... .| Limited Company 
 
 AY? ie .| Harbour Trustees 
 
 Banff % .| Harbour and Port 
 Trustees 
 
 Barnstaple .. .-| Town Council of 
 Barnstaple and 
 Rollsquay 
 
 Barrow ..-| Railway Company . 
 
 Beaumaris ... ..-| The Corporation... 
 
 Belfast ...| Harbour Commis- 
 sioners 
 
 Berwick-on-Tweed | Harbour Commis- 
 sioners 
 
 clx.; 52 & 53 Vic., 
 
 lxxix. 
 
 2 Vic., XWi- gid 
 & 28 Vic., 33, and 
 Harbour order of 
 
 1877 
 
 50 Vic., xxxiv. 
 
 56 & 57 Vie., li. 
 
 3.& 4 Vic., cxiv. ; 
 59 Vic., sess. 2, iv. 
 
 26 & 27 Vic., 
 lxxxix. 
 Charter of Ed. I. 
 10 & 11 Vice., li. ; 
 46 & 47 Vic., lix. 
 
 25 & 26 Vic., xxxl. 
 
 2 appointed by the Earl of Kellie 
 
 4 elected by shipowners and ratepayers acting as 
 one elective body 
 
 3 appointed by the Commissioners of Police for the 
 town of Alloa 
 
 Qualifications: Trustees—owning land or other 
 heritages in the County of Clackmannan of the 
 annual value of not less than £20. Hlectors—Ship- 
 owners to reside or have business premises within 
 four miles of the Cross of Alloa, and to be owners 
 or part owners of vessels of at least 25 tons register 
 at the port. Ratepayers to reside as above and to 
 have paid within preceding year £5 in harbourrates 
 
 The Provost of Arbroath 
 
 The Provost of Forfar 
 
 2 appointed by the magistrates and Town Council 
 of Arbroath 
 
 l appointed by the magistrates and Town Council 
 of Forfar 
 
 14 elected by ratepayers; 10 to be merchants, 
 shipowners or manufacturers, and 4 as “ county 
 
 trustees,” their qualification being a rating of £100 
 
 in the commission books 
 
 The Provost . 
 
 4 town councillors elected by the Town Council 
 
 6 ratepayers, elected from among themselves 
 
 6 holders of harbour stock of at least £100, elected 
 from among themselves 
 
 l appointed by Glasgow and South Western Rail- 
 way Compan 
 
 The Provost, baillies, the dean of guild and the 
 treasurer of Banff 
 
 4 shipowners’ trustees, qualified by being owners or 
 part owners of any vessel trading from or belong- 
 ing to the port 
 
 2 traders’ trustees, qualified by being traders and — 
 ratepayers within the burgh 
 
 The Mayor of Belfast 
 
 The Lord of the Castle of Belfast 
 
 21 elective commissioners. Qualifications: residence 
 within 20 miles of harbour office, and registered 
 owners of at least 300 tons shipping of the port or 
 owning real estate of £200 annual value or personal 
 estate of £5,000 gross value. Electors must reside 
 within the above limits, possess certain property 
 qualifications, and appear on certain special 
 registers 
 
 The Mayor 
 
 1 appointed by the Admiralty 
 
 1 appointed by the Board of Trade 
 
 15 elected by shipowners and others having certain 
 property qualifications, and appearing upon special 
 registers. Qualifications of Commissioners: resi- 
 dence within 7 miles of the borough and possess- 
 ing either £1,000 personal estate, a net income 
 of £150 per annum, or if from real or copyhold 
 estate, of £60 per annum 
 
Table 24. 
 
 81 
 ports of the United Kingdom. ; 
 Members of the authority. 
 % : . 
 See Appointed If owned by private 
 Btatatory nominasons. by Blected Elected |Appointed | Total, owners, name of company Remarks, 
 municipal by by other or person, 
 r various {constituted 
 Private Bublic similar |*®*@P4¥e?8-| interests. | authorities. 
 
 owner. | authority. | authority. 
 
 a 8 11 12 a _ 31 — Charges, &., as in 
 Schedule to Act. 
 
 _- — = — _ oe — — Charges as in Schedule 
 B of Act. 
 2 — 3 — 4 — 9 -— Charges as in Schedule: 
 
 to Act of 1889. 
 
 = 2 3 14 — _ 19 — Charges as in Act. 
 
 re ae — tes _— — -— | Ardrossan Harbour — 
 Company, Limited 
 
 oe 1 4 6 7 — 18 = Charges as in Schedule 
 of Act. 
 — 5 -- — 6 — ll — Charges asin Act. Not 
 
 a Customs port. 
 
 te od a aire oe a -- Furness Railway | Charges as in Act. 
 Company 
 
 1 1 -- = 21 Be 23 — Charges as in Act. 
 
 ro 1 -— — 15 2 18 — Charges as in’ Act. 
 
System of government of the 
 
 Port. Saecane cane z Se eee, Constitution of the authority, 
 Blyth ... 5 Harbour Commis-| 45 & 46 Vic., | Sir Matthew White Ridley and his successors : 
 sioners liv. | 1 appointed by Sir Matthew White Ridley or his 
 successors 
 
 1 elected by the ordinary shareholders of the Blyth 
 Harbour and Docks Company 
 
 1 appointed by the North Hastern Railway Company 
 
 1 landowner appointed by the remaining Commis- 
 sioners 
 
 3 elected by coalowners 
 
 2 elected by shipowners 
 
 1 elected by traders 
 
 l appointed by the South Blyth Local Board from 
 among themselves 
 
 1 appointed by the Cowpen Local Board from 
 among themselves. 
 
 Qualifications: Landowner to be in receipt of rents 
 or profits of property of the rateable value of 
 £200 or over, within 5 miles of the Harbour. 
 Elective Commissioners and electors—Shipowners 
 —Shipowners to be owners of shipping aggre- 
 gating 100 tons and over, payment of tonnage 
 rates for three years previously, and resident 
 within 5 miles of the harbour. Coalowners to be 
 shippers of 5,000 tons of coal, coke or cinders in 
 the previous year. Traders to reside within 
 5 miles of the harbour, payment of £5 in rates 
 on goods other than coal, coke, culm or cinders. 
 
 Boston cane ...| Lhe Corporation — ...| 52 Geo. III., ev. ea 
 Bridgewater ...| The Corporation —...| 8 & 9 Vic., Ixxxix. = 
 Bristol ie ...| Lhe Corporation ....} 11 & 12 Vic., xliii.; oa 
 56 & 57 Vic., 
 clxxxiv. 
 Campbeltown ...| The Corporation ...| 39 & 40 Vic., — 
 elxvil. 
 Cardiff ae ...| Limited Companies...) 47 & 48 Vic., a 
 eclvii. ; 
 49 & 50 Vic., 
 lxxxvl. 
 Cardigan ... ...| Lhe Corporation M4 = — 
 Carlisle... ..., Canal Company —_...| 16 & 17 Vic., cxix. pe. 
 Carnarvon ... ...| Harbour trustees... 33 Geo. III., | All J.P.’s for the county, the mayor, deputy mayor, 
 exxill.; 49 Geo. | _ the bailiffs, the collector of customs, the comptroller 
 UT execty, of customs, the surveyor of customs and 119 
 persons specifically named. Surviving trustees to 
 fill up vacancies caused by death or retirement of 
 any of the 119 trustees or their successors. 
 Qualification of trustees: owning lands worth £25 
 per annum or personal property of at least £500 
 Channel Islands— value (except in case of J.P.’s) 
 Alderney... ...| Board of Trade »»-| 28 & 29 Vic., 100. a 
 Jersey... ...| States of the Island) 40 & 41 Vic., — 
 (St. Catherine’s| of Jersey CCXXVIli. : 
 Harbour) ; 
 Guernsey ...| States of the Island — = 
 of Guernsey | 
 Chester... ...| River Dee Conser-) 14&15 Vic., |The Mayor and Corporation of Chester acting as 
 vancy Ixxx vil. Commissioners of the Dee Conservancy 
 Colchester ... ...| The Corporation _ ...| 55 & 56 Vic., evii. — 
 Coleraine ... ...| Harbour Commis-| 42 & 43 Vic., | 12 appointed by the Town Commissioners, but not 
 sioners clxxv. more than 6 to be members of that body 
 
 3 appointed by the Guardians of Coleraine for the 
 half barony of Coleraine 
 
 2 appointed by the Guardians of Coleraine for the 
 north-east liberties of Coleraine 
 
 2 elected by persons paying harbour dues P 
 
 Qualifications: Town Commissioners—residence 
 within five miles of the town and lessors of lands 
 within the town of the value of £50 per annum, 
 or if occupiers, of the value of £30 per annum. 
 Elective Commissioners — payment of £30 of 
 harbour rates in the previous year. Hlectors— 
 payment of £5 in harbour rates in the previous 
 year 
 
Table 24—continued. 
 83 
 
 ports of the United Kingdom—continued. 
 
 Members of the authority. 
 
 es Appointed If owned by private 
 Statutory nominations. Phy. ‘ Elected Elected | Appointed | Total, owners, eanaok company Remarks, 
 municipal ie by by other or person, 
 Private Public niailay Talal aah Ae! Piecesiat citer. 
 owner, authority. | anthority. 
 1 — 2 — 10 —_ 13 _— Charges as in Act. 
 — — — — — — = — _ | Chargesas in Act of 1881 
 Not a Customs port. 
 = = matt a a af — — Charges as in Act. 
 = =a a es Gee = — es Charges as in Act. 
 — pee fad <= a nue — — Charges as in Act. 
 — — — — — as as Bute Docks and Barry| Charges as in Acts 
 Dock Companies. 
 — = — — = — == — No port charges. 
 — — = — — _— 42 Carlisle Canal Com-| Charges as in Act. 
 pany: A é 
 119 a — -- os a 126 — Charges asin Act of 1809. 
 and all and all Not a Customs port. 
 J.P.’s of Jb .'s Of 
 the the 
 county county 
 3 =e 11 30 = = 4] pat Charges as in Act. 
 
 =e oe ee = — <a ad —_ Charges as in Act. 
 a: — 17 — 2 -- 19 a Charges as in Act. 
 
84 
 
 System of government of the 
 
 Constitution of the authority. 
 
 Port General nature of Principal Act _ 
 ots governing body. constituting authority. 
 Cork an ...| Harbour Commis-| 1 Geo. IV., lii; 
 sioners 46 & 47 Vic., 
 elxxi. 
 
 Cowes, Isle of Wight} Harbour Commis-| 60 & 61 Vic., 
 
 siloners eclxxviii. 
 Dartmouth ... ...| Harbour Commis-| 26 & 27 Vic., 104. 
 sioners 
 Dover oe ...| Harbour Board and| 24 & 25 Vic., 45 ; 
 Board of Trade 28 & 29 Vic., 100 
 Drogheda ... ...|Harbour (Commis-| 5 & 6 Vic., lvi. 
 sioners 
 Dublin ny ...| Port and Docks Board| 30 & 31 Vic., 
 [<xx1; 
 
 The members of Parliament for the City, the | 
 mayor and sheriffs, five members of the common 
 council elected from among themselves, and 25 
 specifically named and their successors, vacancies 
 arising through death or otherwise of these 25 to 
 be filled up by the remaining commissioners 
 
 5 appointed by the Town Council of Newport from 
 among themselves 
 
 3 appointed by the Cowes Urban District Council 
 from among themselves 
 
 1 appointed by the East Cowes Urban District 
 Council from among themselves 
 
 4 elected by traders from among themselves 
 
 1 appointed by the Admiralty 
 
 1 appointed by the Board of Trade 
 
 1 director or officer of the Isle of Wight Central 
 Railway Company 
 
 1 appointed by the Isle of Wight County Council 
 from among themselves 
 
 1 appointed by the Council of the Yacht Racing 
 Association 
 
 1 director or officer of the Steam Packet Company 
 
 Qualification of traders’ representatives: to have 
 paid £2 10s. in harbour dues during previous 9 
 months, to be a ratepayer of either Newport, Hast 
 Cowes, or West Cowes, or reside within 30 miles 
 of harbour offices | 
 
 3 appointed by Board of Trade 
 
 5 appointed. by the Corporation, 3 from among 
 themselves 
 
 2 appointed by the Dartmouth and Torbay Railway 
 Company 
 
 3 specifically named; when a vacancy is caused 
 through death, &c., of any of these 3, the remaining 
 commissioners to fill up the vacancy with approval 
 of the Board of Trade 
 
 1 elected by persons owning property and those 
 rated at £20 for the relief of the poor of the parish 
 of Kingswear 
 
 Lord Warden of Cinque Ports 
 
 2 appointed by the Town Council 
 
 1 appointed by the Board of Trade 
 
 1 appointed by the Admiralty 
 
 1 appointed by the South Hastern Railway Com- 
 
 pany, 
 1 appointed by the London, Chatham and Dover 
 Railway Company 
 
 | Mayor and 27 persons specifically named. On 
 
 vacancies arising new commissioners to be elected 
 by ratepayers of at least £10 per annum . 
 
 Qualification of Elective Commissioners: residence 
 within the town of Drogheda or within 7 miles 
 of Tholsel of the town, and having real or personal 
 property of the value of £800, or lands producing 
 £50 per annum, or occupying the house in a town 
 rated at or above £25 
 
 Lord Mayor of Dublin 
 
 3 appointed by the Corporation 
 
 7 appointed by the Commissioners of Irish Lights 
 from among themselves 
 
 7 elected by traders from among themselves 
 
 7 elected by shipowners from among themselves 
 
 Qualifications: Elective Commissioners—liying 
 within 15 miles of the boundary of city and 
 possessing personal estate of £3,000, or being in 
 receipt of annual income of £150 from estates, 
 &e., or occupying property rated at £100. 
 Electors— Traders having paid customs or excise 
 duties up to £500 in previous year, or whoso 
 business premises are rated at £100. Shipowners 
 —owning 150 tons shipping, or having offices in 
 the city and paying £100 in harbour rates 
 
Table 24—continued. 
 
 ports of the United Kingdom—continued. 
 
 Members of the authority. 
 
 ne A pointed . If owned by private 
 Statutory nominations. P b Elected Elected | Appointed Total, owners, name of company Remarks, 
 municipal a ; by by other ' or person, 
 or rate y ais various | constituted 
 Private Public similar payers. | interests. authorities. 
 owner. | authority. | authority. 
 25 5 5 ~~ -- — 35 — Charges as in Acts. 
 _ i 10 — i 2 19 — Charges as in Act. 
 3 ~~ 5 1 2 3 14 — Charges as in Act. 
 -- 1 2 --= 2 2 7 -_— | Charges as in Act of 
 187] 
 = 1] — 27 —_ — 28 -- Charges as in Schedule 
 F of Act. Nota Cus- 
 toms port. 
 on 1 3 wkd 14 7 25 — Charges as in Acts of 
 
 1869 and 1879 
 
Port. 
 
 —see 6 ome 
 
 Dumfries 
 
 Dundalk 
 
 Dundee 
 
 Exeter 
 
 Falmouth 
 
 General nature of 
 governing body. 
 
 .| River Nith Naviga- 
 
 tion Commissioners 
 
 .| Harbour 
 
 sloners 
 
 .| Harbour Trustees 
 
 ...| The Corporation 
 
 .| Harbour 
 
 sioners 
 
 Commis- 
 
 Commis- 
 
 86 
 
 Principal Act 
 
 constituting authority. 
 
 51 Geo. III. 
 
 exlvii. 
 
 18 & 19 Vic., 
 
 clxxxix. 
 
 .+0| 38 & 39 Vic., cl. 
 
 iv] OL Henry Vill 
 iv.; 3.& 4 Vic, 
 
 lxxiv. 
 
 33 & 34 Vic., 
 
 elviii. 
 
 System of government of the 
 
 Constitution of the authority, 
 
 The Provost, 3 baillies, the dean of guild, the 
 deacon convener of trades of the Borough of 
 Dumfries 
 
 10 commissioners of the land tax for each of the 
 Counties of Dumfries and Kirkcudbright appointed 
 from among themselves annually 
 
 6 elected by merchants from among themselves 
 
 6 elected by shipowners from among themselves 
 
 Qualifications; Commissioners and Electors; Mer- 
 chants—payment of at least £10 as freight on 
 goods in the previous year and residence in the 
 borough. Shipowners—owning vessels of at least 
 20 tons register belonging to the port 
 
 Lord of the manor 
 
 15 elective Commissioners. Qualifications: Commis- 
 sioners—residence within a radius of 5 miles of the 
 town of Dundalk, and owning shipping of 200 tons 
 register trading with the port, or having real or 
 freehold property of the annual value of £50 or 
 £1,000 personal property. Hlectors—Ratepayers 
 of £20 or over and resident in the borough, or 
 owners of 100 tons registered shipping of the port, 
 and residing within 5 miles of the Court House, 
 or holders of £1,000 stock in some shipping com- 
 pany trading from the port and residing within 
 5 miles of the Court House 
 
 The Provost, lst, 2nd, 3rd and 4th baillies, the dean 
 of guild, the boxmaster of the Fraternity of Masters 
 and Seamen in Dundee, the convener of the 9 in- 
 corporated trades in Dundee 
 
 1 common councillor elected by town council 
 
 5 elected by the “Guildry” Incorporation of Dundee 
 from among themselves 
 
 2 elected by the 9 incorporated trades from among 
 themselves 
 
 4 Commissioners of Supply of the county of Forfar 
 chosen by the county 
 
 3 appointed by the Dundee Chamber of Commerce 
 from among themselves 
 
 3 paying harbour rates elected from among them- 
 selves 
 
 2 municipal electors elected from among themselves 
 
 1 appointed by the 8 united trades from among 
 themselves 
 
 3 shipowners elected from among themselves 
 
 Qualifications: Ratepayers—having paid at least 
 £10 in harbour rates on vessels or goods. Ship- 
 owners—owners or part owners of vessels to the 
 extent of at least 100 tons register, being resident 
 or having a place of business in the borough 
 
 1 appointed by the Board of Trade 
 
 1 appointed by the Admiralty 
 
 1 appointed by the Trinity House Corporation 
 
 4 appointed by the Corporation of Falmouth (acting 
 through the Town Council) 
 
 4 appointed by the Falmouth Local Board 
 
 1 appointed by the Falmouth Dock Company 
 
 1 appointed by the Lord of the Manor of Arwenack 
 
 3 elected by shipowners paying harvour rates, &e. 
 
Table 24—continued. 
 
 87 
 
 ports of the United Kingdom—continued. 
 
 Members of the authority. 
 
 a AP Appointed If owned by private 
 otllahied Beceierad | oy Elected Elected | Appointed | Total, owners, name of company Remarks, 
 municipal b by other or person, 
 ti 
 Private Public Penne ratepayers. Sarnia 
 owner, authority. | authority. 
 — 6 -- -- 12 20 38.. — Charges as in Act. 
 1 ne a ae 15 2h 16 — Charges as in Act. 
 — 8 1 — 19 t 32 — Charges as in Act. 
 b 
 ate aos aS wid said = ae -- Charges as in Act of 
 1840. 
 1 he 8 =: 4 3 16 -- Commissioners by Act of 
 
 1870 charge tonnage 
 dues within certain 
 specified limits on ves- 
 sels anchoring. 
 
88 
 
 System of government of the 
 
 Port. 
 
 Faversham ..,, 
 
 Fleetwood ... 
 
 Folkestone ... 
 
 Fowey 
 
 Fraserburgh 
 
 Galway 
 
 General nature of 
 governing body. 
 
 sioners 
 
 ...| Railway Company 
 
 ...| Harbour 
 sioners 
 
 ...| Harbour 
 sloners 
 
 ...| Harbour 
 sioners 
 
 .| Railway Companies... 
 
 Commis- 
 
 Commis- 
 
 Commis- 
 
 Principal Act 
 constituting authority. 
 
 2, xl. 
 
 12 xed BS Mites 
 Ixxiy.; 34 & 35 
 Vic., 1xx. 
 
 | 6&7 Vic, lis; 47 
 
 & 48 Vic., cexxxvii. 
 
 56 & 57 Vic., 
 
 CXXX1x. 
 
 41 & 42 Vic., cii. 
 
 16 & 17 Vic., 
 
 cevil. 
 
 Constitution of the authority, 
 
 .| Navigation Commis-| 5 & 6 Vic., Sess. | The Lord of the Manor, Mayor and Aldermen, the 
 
 Chairman of public charities 
 
 Vicars of Faversham, Ospringe, Newvain, Boughton 
 and Herne-hill 
 
 Rectors of Norton and Hastling 
 
 53 persons specifically named. On a ‘vacancy 
 occurring among the 53 persons named, remaining 
 commissioners to appoint. Qualification ; real or 
 personal estate (or both) up to £1,000 
 
 2 appointed by Lord or Lords of the Manor of Fowey 
 and Langurithowe 
 
 1 appointed by the Board of Trade 
 
 1 appointed by the Duchy of Cornwall 
 
 4 elected by payers of harbour rates residing within 
 12 miles of harbour 
 
 2 elected by owners of rateable property or rate- 
 payers of the parish of Fowey 
 
 1 elected by ratepayers of the parish of Lanteglos- 
 by-Fowey 
 
 3 appointed by the directors of the Cornwall 
 Minerals Railway Company 
 
 Heritable Provost and Superior of Burgh, or while 
 there is no provost in the burgh the acting chief 
 magistrate 
 
 The factor of Barony of Philorth 
 
 1 appointed by the Town Council from among 
 themselves 
 
 2 appointed by the Commissioners of Police of 
 Fraserburgh 
 
 5 elected by landowners 
 
 2 elected by shipowners of Fraserburgh 
 
 3 elected by payers of harbour rates from among 
 themselves 
 
 Qualifications: Elective Commissioners and Hlectors; 
 Landowners — residence within the burgh and 
 owning lands of the annual value of £10; ship- 
 owners—residence within the burgh ; ratepayers 
 —residence within the burgh and having paid in 
 previous year £5 in harbour rates 
 
 21 elective commissioners. Qualifications : Com- 
 missioners—residence in town of Galway and 
 owning lands of the annual value of £100 or having 
 real or personal estate (or both) of £3,000 gross 
 value, or heir apparent of a person having lands, 
 &e., of £200 annual value. EHlectors—residence 
 in county or town of Galway and rated at £15 or 
 more, or having lands in the county producing at 
 least £20 annually, or having paid at east £5 
 as harbour rates in previous year. 
 
ports of the United Kingdom—continued. 
 
 Members of the authority. 
 
 Statutory nominations. oo Electe 
 ol Hlected eben 
 municipal b by 
 or various 
 Private Public similar | tepayers. interests. 
 owner, authority. | authority. 
 PS oe a oo 
 63 and Aldermen 
 of Faversham 
 <— zee =o 7 5) 
 ui 1 1 —_ 10 
 12 —~ — 21 = 
 
 89 
 
 Appointed | Total, 
 
 by other 
 constituted 
 authorities. 
 
 — 63 and 
 Alder- 
 men of 
 Faver- 
 
 sham 
 2 14, 
 2 15 
 
 If owned by private 
 
 owners, name of company 
 or person, 
 
 Table 24—continwed. 
 
 Remarks 
 
 ene ee 2 
 
 Lancashire and York- 
 
 shire Railway Com- 
 pany and London 
 and North Western 
 Railway Company 
 jointly 
 
 South Hastern Rail- 
 way Company 
 
 Charges as in Act 
 
 Charges as in Act of 
 1861. 
 
 Charges as in Acts of 
 1818 and 1884. 
 
 Charges as in Act. 
 
 Charges as in Act of 
 1891. 
 
 Charges as in Act. 
 
90 
 
 System of government of the 
 
 General nature of 
 
 Principal Act 
 
 Port. governing body. constituting authority. Constitution of the authority, 
 Glasgow... | Trustees of the Clyde! 21 & 22 Vic., | Lord Provost 
 
 Gloucester ... 
 
 Goole 
 
 Grangemouth 
 
 Granton 
 
 Greenock 
 
 Grimsby 
 
 exlix. 
 
 53 & 54 Vic., 
 
 XCVI1i. 
 
 .| Trustees of the Aire] Geo. IV., xxxix.; 
 and Calder Naviga-'9 Geo. IV., xcviii.; 
 
 tion Company 
 
 ...| Harbour Trustees 
 | 
 
 ...| Railway Company 
 
 .| Private owner 
 
 .| Harbour Trustees 
 
 .| Railway Company ... 
 
 9 & 10 Vic., 
 
 cCxil. 
 
 30 & 31 Vic., cvi.; 
 39 & 40 Vic.,xlviii. 
 
 7 Will. IV. & 
 1 Wiel xv. 
 
 12 & 13 Vic., lxxix. 
 
 (01 & 52 Vic., exiil. 
 
 8 & 9 Vic., ccii.; 
 9 & 10 Vic., 
 ceclxviii. 
 
 9 appointed by the Town Council 
 
 2 appointed by the Chambers of Commerce of 
 Glasgow 
 
 2 appointed by members of the Merchants’ House of 
 Glasgow from among themselves 
 
 2 appointed by members of the Traders’ House from 
 among themselves 
 
 9 elected by shipowners and ratepayers 
 
 Qualifications: Trustees—Shipowners owning at 
 least 250 tons of registered shipping of the port ; 
 ratepayers having paid £25 in harbour rates. 
 Electors—residence within 3 miles of parlia- 
 mentary boundaries of the city and owning at 
 least 100 tons registered shipping of the port, 
 or having paid in previous year £10 in harbour 
 rates ; 
 
 Sharpness lighthouse trustees 
 
 Mayors of Worcester and Tewkesbury 
 
 President of Gloucester Chamber of Commerce 
 
 Owners of Berkeley Castle and Sedbury estate 
 
 2 appointed by the Severn Commissioners 
 
 2 appointed by the Severn and Wye and Severn- 
 bridge Railway Company 
 
 1 appointed by the Corporation of Gloucester 
 
 1 appointed by the Gloucester County Council 
 
 l appointed by the Stafford and Worcester Canal 
 Company 
 
 1 appointed by the Stroud Water Navigation Com- 
 Pan 
 
 Provost of Greenock 
 
 8 town councillors elected by the Town Council 
 
 6 elected by shipowners and ratepayers. Qualifica- 
 tions: Trustees and Electors—owning at least 250 
 tons registered shipping of the port, or having 
 paid during previous year £25 in harbour rates 
 
 6 elected by holders of harbour securities or stock 
 of at least £100 
 
Table 24—continued. 
 
 Remarks, 
 
 Charges as in Act of 
 
 Canal rates in Act of 
 1820, dock rates in Act 
 of 1829, wharfage rates 
 
 Charges as in Act of 
 1876 
 
 Act of 1886 constitutes 
 the Company the pilot- 
 age authority and sets 
 
 Her Majesty in Council, 
 or the Treasury have 
 power to reduce rates 
 on foreign vessels to 
 the same level as those 
 
 91 
 ports of the United Kingdom—continued. 
 Members of the authority. 
 vat fe Appointed If owned by private 
 Statutory nominations. by Elected Elected | Appointed Total, owners, name of company 
 municipal td : by by other or person, 
 ; _or fate 4 an various | constituted 
 Private Public similar payers. | interests. | authorities. 
 owner, authority. | authority. 
 = a 9 — 15 -- 25 _— 
 1878. 
 3 2 2 -~ 6 =e 13 a Charges as in Act. 
 and and 
 Sharp- Sharp- 
 ness ness 
 light- light- 
 house house 
 trustees trustees 
 — — forte = a — — Aire and Calder Navi-| Charges as in Acts. 
 gation Company 
 in Act of 1846. 
 — — a -- — -- —~ Caledonian Railway 
 Company 
 out pilotage rates. 
 = = at i — — — Duke of Buccleuch| Charges as in Acts. 
 and Queensberry 
 on British. 
 — l 8 -— 12 -—- 21 — 
 
 Great Central Rail- 
 way Company 
 
 Charges as in Acts of 
 1889 and 1896. 
 
 Charges as in Acts. 
 
92 
 
 General nature of Principal Act 
 
 Betts governing body. constituting authority. 
 Hartlevool, West ...| Harbour Commis-| 18 & 19 Vie., 
 sioners cxxvi.; 32 & 33 
 
 Vic., lxxxii. 
 
 | ..»| Harbour Conservancy] 26 & 27 Vic., 71; 
 Board 29 & 30 Vic., 
 
 lxiv. 
 
 Harwich ... 
 
 Huil 15 & 16 Vic., 
 exxx.; 31 & 32 
 Vic., lviii. ; 
 39 & 40 Vic., 
 
 CXXix. 
 
 .../ Humber Conservancy 
 Commissioners 
 
 10 & 11 Vic. 
 ccix.; 46 & 47 
 
 Vie., xiii. 
 
 Inverness _,.| Harbour Trustees 
 
 System of government of the 
 
 Constitution of the authority, 
 
 1 appointed by the Board of Trade 
 
 3 appointed by the Hast Dock Company 
 
 2 appointed by the West Dock Company 
 
 3 appointed by shipowners 
 
 1 appointed by the Corporation of Hartlepool from 
 among the Council 
 
 1 appointed by the West Hartlepool Commissioners 
 from among themselves 
 
 2 elected by importers and exporters from among 
 themselves 
 
 Qualifications: Elective Commissioners—owning 
 lands of £25 annual value, or personal property of 
 £500. Hlectors—residence within 15 miles of the 
 Heugh lighthouse, and having paid during previous 
 year £20 in harbour rates 
 
 1 appointed by the Treasury 
 
 1 appointed by the Admiralty 
 
 2 appointed by the Board of Trade 
 
 1 appointed by the Trinity House Corporation 
 
 1 appointed by the Corporation of Harwieh acting 
 as the Town Council 
 
 1 appointed by the Corporation of Ipswich acting 
 as the Town Council 
 
 1 appointed by the Ipswich Dock Commissioners 
 
 1 appointed by owners and occupiers of land in the 
 parishes of Mistley and Manningtree, abutting on 
 the river Stour, who are ratepayers to the extent 
 of at least £15 annually 
 
 Mayor of Kingston-on-Hull 
 
 Mayor of Grimsby ie 
 
 Acting Warden and an elder of Hull Trinity House 
 
 Chairman and deputy chairman of Hull Docks 
 Company 
 
 Chairman and deputy chairman of the Great 
 Central Railway Company 
 
 2 appointed by the directors of the Great Central 
 Railway Company 
 
 2 appointed by the Aire and Calder Navigation 
 trustees 
 
 4 appointed by the Admiralty 
 
 3 appointed by the Corporation of Hull 
 
 1 appointed by the Hull Trinity House 
 
 5 elected by shipowners of Hull 
 
 1 elected by shipowners of Grimsby 
 
 1 elected by shipowners of Goole 
 
 Qualification of Shipowners: Owning 150 tons 
 registered shipping of the port they are electors of 
 
 The Provost, the 4 baillies, the dean of guild, the 
 treasurer of Burgh of Inverness . 
 
 5 elected by shipowners from among themselves 
 annually 
 
 5 elected by merchant traders from among them- 
 selves annually 
 
 Qualifications ; Shipowners—owning at least 20 tons 
 registered shipping of the port; traders—owning 
 or occupying land or houses rated at £20 at the 
 least 
 
Table 24—continwed. 
 
 93 
 ports of the United Kingdom—continued. 
 
 Members of the authority. 
 
 Pe ar Appointed If owned by private 
 Statutory nominations. by Blected Elected | Appointed | Total, owners, name of company Remarks, 
 municipal 6 by by other or person, 
 or various |constituted 
 Private Public similar | T@tepayers. interests. | authorities. 
 owner, | authority. | authority. 
 - — 2 —- 10 1 13 —- Charges as in Acts. 
 — — 2 1 1 5) 9 — Charges as in Act. 
 4 4 3 — | il 5 27 a Charges as in Act. 
 | 
 | 
 — 7 ie = 10 — 17 — Chargesas in Actof 1848. 
 Act reserves right of 
 Caledonian Canal Com- 
 
 pany tolevyrates onthe 
 canal below Muirton 
 
 Locks. 
 
94: 
 
 System of government of the 
 
 Ipswich ... 
 
 Irvine 
 
 Kirkcaldy ... 
 
 Kirkwall 
 
 Lancaste1 
 
 Leith 
 
 General nature of Principal Act 
 governing body. constituting authority. 
 
 ...| Harbour Commis-| 15 & 16 Vic., 
 
 sioners exvi.; 40 & 41 
 Vic., ccxvi. 
 ...| Harbour Trustees ...| 36 & 37 Vic., 
 CXxly. 
 
 ...| Harbour Commis-| 12 & 13 Vic., 
 sioners xxx.; 39 & 40 
 Vie., “CIXXIX! 
 
 .»-| Orkney Islands Har-| 35 & 36 Vic., 
 bour Commissioners] lxxvii.; 50 & 51 
 Vic., clxii. 
 
 «+»| Harbour Comsnis-| 23 Geo. IT., 12; 
 sioners 47 Geo. ITI., sess. 
 2,XXXVil. 
 
 «| Harbour and Dock| 38 & 39 Vic., clx.; 
 Commissioners 55 & 56 Vic., 
 elxxvii. 
 
 Constitution of the authority, 
 
 Members of the Corporation 
 
 24 elected by owners and masters of vessels belong- 
 ing to the port 
 
 30 elected by ratepayers 
 
 8 appointed by the Justices of the Peace for the 
 County of Suffolk 
 
 2 appointed by the Corporation of Bury St. 
 Edmunds 
 
 2 appointed by the Corporation of Hye 
 
 2 appointed by the Vestry of town and parish of 
 Stowmarket 
 
 2 appointed by the Vestry of Hadleigh 
 
 2 appointed by the Vestry of Diss 
 
 Qualifications: Commissioners—owning land, &c., 
 of £50 annual value in the town, or real or personal 
 estate (or both) of the value of £1,000. Electors 
 —Shipowners one eighth share in a 40-ton vessel 
 or one-sixteenth in two such ; masters—of vessels 
 of at least 40 tons register 
 
 The Provost, magistrates, and Town Council of the 
 Burgh 
 
 Convener of Incorporated Traders of Irvine 
 
 7 elected by shipowners from among themselves 
 annually 
 
 4 elected by traders from among themselves annually 
 
 Qualification: Shipowners—owners or part ownersof 
 shipping of the port to the extent of at least 20 tons 
 register ; traders—living or having a place of busi- 
 ness within 3 milesof burgh, or having paid harbour 
 rates to the amount of £5 in the preceding year 
 
 The Provost and the 4 baillies 
 
 9 elected by the ratepayers 
 
 2 appointed by the Commissioners of Supply for 
 the county of Fife from among ourselves 
 
 The Convener of the County of Orkney 
 
 The Provost of Burgh of Kirkwall 
 
 4 appointed by the Commissioners of Supply from 
 among themselves 
 
 4 appointed by the Town Council of Kirkwall from 
 among themselves 
 
 4 elected by shipowners owning 20 tons registered 
 shipping of the port 
 
 lL elected by ratepayers of each island respectively 
 or of each parish in mainland of Orkney (except 
 the united parishes of Kirkwall and St. Olla and 
 parish of Stromness) in which piers or harbours 
 have been or may be constructed. They must be 
 ratepayers of at least £4 
 
 The Mayor of Lancaster 
 
 16 of the “ most substantial inhabitants” nominated 
 by all merchants of the port owning ;4th share in 
 vessels of at least 50 tons register 
 
 3 appointed by the Corporation of Edinburgh 
 
 3 appointed by the Corporation of Leith 
 
 1 appointed by the Company of Merchants of Hdin- 
 burgh 
 
 1 appointed by the Chamber of Commerce and 
 manufacturers of Edinburgh 
 
 1 appointed by the Leith Chamber of Commerce 
 
 2 elected by shipowners from among themselves 
 
 4 elected by payers of harbour dues of at least £4 
 during the preceding year 
 
 Qualification : Elective Commissioners—owners or 
 part owners to the extent of at least 100 tons of 
 registered shipping of the port 
 
Table 24—continued. 
 
 95 
 ports of the United Kingdom—continued. 
 
 Members of the authority. 
 
 Bi atc Appointed If owned by private 
 Statutory nominations. by Elected Elected | Appointed { Total, owners, name of company Remarks. 
 municipal b by by other or person, 
 ; : _ or Py one various constituted 
 Private Public similar interests. | authorities. 
 
 owner, | authority. | authority. 
 
 —- Members 10 30 24, 8 72 — Charges as in Act of 
 of the and 1853. 
 Corpora- members 
 tion of the 
 Corpora- 
 tion 
 1 1 — oe 11 _ 13 — Charges as in Act. 
 and and 
 magis- magis- 
 trates trates 
 and and 
 Town Town 
 Council Council 
 — 5 —- 9 — 2 16 — Charges asin Schedule B 
 of Actof 1849 and Sche- 
 dule of Act of 1876. 
 —_ 2 a (a) d. 4 14 _— Charges as in Acts. 
 
 f (a) (a) 1 member to 
 be elected by each 
 island and_ certain 
 parishes in Orkney in 
 which piers or harbours 
 have been or may be 
 constructed. 
 
 oe 1 bas yah 16 afd 17 — Charges as in Act of 
 1807. 
 Re = 6 pre 9 bal 15 = Charges as in Act of 
 
 1892. 
 
96 
 
 System of government of the 
 
 pm RR RS SSS SSS SS SS SS SS NE I A SE ES 
 
 General nature of 
 governing body. 
 
 Principal Act 
 
 Port. constituting authority. 
 
 Constitution of the authority, 
 
 Lerwick (Shetland)| Harbour Trustees 40 & 41 Vic., 
 
 CXClY. 
 
 Limerick ...| Harbour Commis-) 39 & 31 Vic., clv. 
 sioners 
 
 Littlehampton _...| Harbour Commis- 6 Geo. IL, xii.; 
 sioners 6 Geo. IV., clxx. 
 
 Liverpool ...| Mersey Docks and/20 & 21 Vic., Sess. 
 Harbour Board 2, clxii.; 21 &22 
 
 Vic., XCH: 
 
 Lianelly 2... ...| Llanelly Harbour and| 41 & 42 Vic., 
 Burry Navigation| ]xxxiil. 
 Commissioners 
 
 3 elected by shipowners from among themselves 
 
 3 elected by payers of harbour rates from among 
 themselves 
 
 3 appointed by the Commissioners of Supply from 
 among themselves 
 
 3 appointed by the Corporation from among them- 
 selves 
 
 Qualifications : Trustees—residence in the County of 
 Zetland. Hlectors—Shipowners, owners or part 
 owners to extent of 20 tons registered shipping 
 of the port; harbour ratepayers—having paid 10s. 
 harbour rates in the preceding year 
 
 The Mayor of Limerick 
 
 The President of the Chamber of Coiamerce for 
 Limerick 
 
 5 appointed by the Corporation from among them- 
 selves 
 
 5 elected by importers and exporters 
 
 5 elected by payers of harbour rates 
 
 Qualifications: Commissioners elected by importers 
 and exporters—residence or having place of busi- 
 ness within 10 miles of Limerick, being rated at 
 £30 at least and having during the previous year 
 exported or imported £1,000 worth of goods; by 
 payers of harbour dues—residence and rating as 
 above and having paid at least £20 in harbour 
 rates. Hlectors—residence as above for previous 
 6 months and having exported or imported £1,000 
 worth of goods or paid harbour rates of £5 in the 
 previous year 
 
 The Mayor of Arundel 
 
 The Senior Burgess of Arundel 
 
 81 persons named; on a vacancy occurring among 
 these remaining Commissioners to appoint 
 
 All J.P.’s of County of Sussex qualified as follows: 
 owners of lands, é&c., of annual value of £100, 
 or heirs apparent to persons having lands, &c., 
 of annual value of £150, or having personal 
 property or real and personal of £2,000 gross 
 value 
 
 4 appointed by the Conservancy Commissioners of 
 the river Mersey 
 
 24 elected by payers of dock rates of at least £10 in 
 previous year and who are qualified to vote for the 
 12 members of the committee of the trustees of 
 the Liverpool Docks under the Act of 1852 
 
 Qualification of Commissioners: payment in pre- 
 vious year of at least £25 in dock rates . 
 
 The members of the Local Board 
 
 The Lord of Seigniories of Gower and Kilsey 
 
 The Lord of the Lordship of Kidwelly 
 
 The Lord of the Manor of Pembrey 
 
 The Lord of Layer of Loughor 
 
 The stewards of the above estates may serve in the 
 absence of their respective owners 
 
 The Portreeve of Llanelly, or one of the aldermen 
 of the Borough of Loughor, to be appointed by 
 the Portreeve and aldermen 
 
 The resident superintendent of the Burry Port and 
 Gwendraeth Valley Railway Company 
 
 The resident superintendent of the Llanelly Rail- 
 way and Dock Company 
 
 l appointed by the owners of the Copper Works 
 
 oc 
 
Table 24—continued. 
 
 9% 
 ports of the United Kingdom—continued. 
 
 Members of the authority. 
 
 ae Appointed If owned by private 
 Statutory nominations. ay Elected Elected | Appointed | Total, owners, name of company Remarks, 
 municipal b by by other or person, 
 P ; _or fate - ac various |constituted 
 Private Public similar payers. | interests. | authorities. 
 owner, | authority. | authority. 
 
 — — 3 —_ 6 3 12 —_— _ 
 1 1 5 — 10 — 17 — Charges as in Act of 
 1888. 
 81 2 -- —— oo — 83 — Charges as in Act of 
 and and 1826. 
 J.P.’s of J.P.’s of Power is reserved by 
 County County Order in Council to re- 
 of of duce rates, chargeable 
 Sussex Sussex on foreign vessels using 
 the harbour. 
 -- —- — —- 28 — 28 _ Charges as in Act of 
 1858. 
 6  |Members|) — — 2 — 8 _ Charges as in Act of 
 of the and 1864. 
 Local members 
 Board of the 
 Local 
 
 Board. 
 
98 
 
 System of government of the 
 
 Port 
 
 Londonderry 
 
 Lowestoft ... 
 
 Lynn 
 
 Manchester... 
 
 Maryport 
 
 Middlesbrough 
 
 General nature of Principal Act _ 
 governing body. constituting authority. 
 
 ...| Port and Harbour) 17 & 18 Vic., 
 Commissioners olxxvii. 
 
 ...| Railway Company ...| 9 & 10 Vic., 
 CXXXil. 
 25 & 26 Vic., 
 
 CCXXiil. 
 
 ...| Lhe Corporation ...| 47 & 48 Vic., 
 
 ixii: 
 
 ...{ Ship Canal Company|] 48 & 49 Vic., 
 elxxxviil. 
 
 56 & 57 Vic. 
 
 ...| Harbour Commis-|57 & 58 Vic., evi. 
 
 sioners 
 
 ...| Tees Conservancy| 15 & 16 Vic., 
 Commissioners elxii. ; 
 38 & 39 Vic., 
 
 lxxxvi. 
 
 Constitution of the authority, 
 
 15 elected by shipowners and ratepayers 
 
 Qualifications : Commissioners—residence within the 
 borough of Londonderry or within 7 miles of 
 Corporation Hall, being owners or part owners of 
 shipping to the extent of 100 tons register of the 
 port, or being owners or occupiers of lands in the 
 borough rated at not less than £50. EHlectors— 
 residence as above, and being owners or part 
 owners of shipping to the extent of 50 tons register 
 of the port, or owners or occupiers of houses in 
 the borough rated at not less than £20 
 
 10 directors to be elected by the Company 
 
 11 directors to be elected by the Manchester Cor- 
 poration 
 
 On reduction of amount borrowed from the Cor- 
 poration to £2,500,000 the Corporation to appoint 
 7 directors only, and when the whole loan has 
 been repaid the total number of directors to be 
 reduced to 15, of whom 2 are to be appointed by 
 the Corporation 
 
 The Lord of the Manor or his deputy 
 
 1 appointed by the Lord of the Manor 
 
 1 appointed by the London and North Western 
 Railway Company 
 
 1 appointed by the Maryport and Carlisle Railway 
 Company 
 
 2 elected by traders, paying £10 in harbour rates 
 
 2 elected by shipowners, who have paid £10 tonnage 
 rates in the year 
 
 83 elected by bondholders holding at least £100 
 harbour securities 
 
 2 elected by the Maryport Urban District Council 
 
 3 appointed by the Admiralty 
 
 2 elected by ratepayers of Yarm 
 
 5 appointed by the Middlesbrough Corporation 
 
 5 appointed by the Stockton Corporation 
 
 2 elected by Stockton shipowners 
 
 2 elected by Stockton payers of Tees dues 
 
 2 elected by Middlesbrough shipowners 
 
 2 elected by Middlesbrough payers of Tees dues. 
 
 Qualifications: Commissioners of Yarm—owning 
 property of £1,000 value, or being rated for land, 
 &c., at £15; other Commissioners—residence in 
 southern division of County of Durham or North 
 Riding of Yorkshire and having property of 
 £1,000 in value, or being rated in their respective 
 borough at £25. Hlectors—Shipowners owning 
 shipping to the extent of 100 tons registered 
 shipping of the port; payers of Tees dues—having 
 paid £10 in Tees dues 
 
Table 24—continued. 
 
 99 
 ports of the United Kingdom—continued. 
 Members of the authority. 
 ay Appointed If owned by private 
 Statutory nominations. by Elected Elected | Appointed Total, owners, name of company Remarks, 
 municipal by by other or person, 
 or various |constituted 
 Private | Public | similar |T4¢P8Y¢rS-| interests. | authorities. 
 owner. | authority. | authority. 
 a med — _ AG: — 15 — Charges as in Acts. 
 
 — — oo — — — a Great Eastern Rail-| Charges as in Act of 
 
 way Company 1865. 
 = ae << wal wi = — — Corporation have power 
 over the harbour by 
 ancient charters, which 
 also give power to levy 
 
 rates. 
 — — 11 — = 10 21 Manchester Ship} Charges as in Act of 
 
 Canal Company 1887 
 Act constitutes thecanal, 
 &e., as the port and 
 harbour of Manchester. 
 1 am 2 oe 10 an 13 Soar Charges as in Act of 
 
 1879 
 
 os — 10 2 8 3 23 — Charges as in Act. 
 
100 
 
 System of government of the 
 
 SS SS SSE SS 
 
 General nature of Principal Act 
 
 Port. 
 
 Constitution of the authority, 
 
 governing body. constituting authority. 
 Milford— 
 Milford Haven ...| Dock Company 37 & 38 Vic., — 
 Ixvil. 
 New Milford _ ...) Dock Company 26 & 27 Vic., — 
 ccxix. 
 
 Montrose .-»| Harbour Commis-| 41 & 42 Vic., exv. 
 sioners 
 
 Newcastle-on-Tyne | Tyne Improvement} 13 & 14 Vic., 
 Commissioners Ixiii.; 38 & 39 
 
 Vic., xxiii.; 49 & 
 50 Vic., xxxiv. ; 
 61 Vic., viii. 
 
 Newhaven ... .»«| Harbour Company ...| 41 & 42 Vic., Ixxi. 
 
 Commis-| 6 Will. IV., lxvi.; 
 52 & 53 Vic., clii. 
 
 «+e| Harbour 
 sioners 
 
 Newport (Mon.) 
 
 The Provost of Montrose 
 
 The Senior Baillie of Montrose 
 
 The Sheriff of City of Forfar 
 
 2 appointed by the Town Council from among them- 
 selves 
 
 9 merchants and shipowners elected by persons 
 qualified to vote in municipal elections 
 
 5 Commissioners of Supply for County of Forfar 
 elected by the County 
 
 4 appointed by the magistrates and Town Council of 
 Brechin ; 
 
 4 specifically named. Admiralty to appoint on death 
 or retirement of two of them; vacancy on death 
 or retirement of the other two not to be filled 
 
 6 appointed by the Newcastle Town Council 
 
 2 appointed by the Gateshead Town Council 
 
 3 appointed by the Tynemouth Town Council 
 
 3 appointed by the Corporation of South Shields 
 as superseding the Improvement Commissioners 
 
 5 elected by owners of vessels of 100 tons register 
 or who have paid Tyne dues 
 
 5 elected by coalowners who have shipped at least 
 10,000 tons during previous year 
 
 5 elected by traders who have paid £10 Tyne dues 
 during the previous year 
 
 1 appointed by the Town Council of Jarrow 
 
 Qualification: Commissioners the same as electors 
 
 The Mayor of Newport 
 
 12 appointed by the Corporation 
 
 1 appointed by the Newport Chamber of Commerce 
 
 5 appointed (one each) by the Lords of the Manors 
 of Newport; Liswerry and Libeneth ; Wentlooge ; 
 Rogerstone; and Preston, Traston, Milton and 
 Llangorey 
 
 1 appointed by the Tredegar Wharf Company 
 
 2 appointed by the Great Western Railway Company 
 
 2 appointed by the Alexandra Dock and Railway 
 Company 
 
 10 elected by owners of 20 tons registered shipping 
 or holders of £200 stock of any shipping company 
 in the port 
 
 5 elected by iron smelters who have shipped 2,500 
 tons in previous year 
 
 8 elected by coal miners, &c., who have shipped 
 7,000 tons in previous year 
 
 Qualifications: Commissioners the same as electors 
 
Table 24—continued. 
 
 101 
 ports of the United Kingdom—continued. 
 
 Members of the authority. 
 
 oops Appointed If owned by private 
 Statutory nomiveaae: oy, Elected Elected |Appointed | Total, owners, name of company Remarka, 
 municipal b by by other or person, 
 
 Private Public aiaias ratepayers: esac, Series 
 owner, | authority. | authority. 
 
 = 2S — — a — — Milford Dock Com-| Charges as in Act. 
 pity 
 
 — = = — — —- -- New Milford Dock| Charges as in Act. 
 Company 
 
 = 3 6 — 9 5 23 -- Charges as in Act of 
 
 1894. 
 
 4 — 15 15 — 34 — Charges as in Acts. 
 
 --- — — ~ — — -- Newhaven Harbour} Charges as in Act. 
 Company 
 
 -= 1 12 _- 34 Ee 47 os Charges as in Act of 
 
 1889 
 
102 
 
 General nature of Principal Act 
 
 Port. governing body. 
 
 Newry (co. Down) | Canal and Navigation} 10 Geo. IV., 
 
 Company exxvi.; 47 & 48 
 Vic., CXxXXviil. 
 Padstow ...| Harbour Commis-| 7 & 8 Vic., xxiv. 
 sioners 
 Penzance ...| Lhe Corporation 46 & 47 Vic., 
 lxxiv. 
 Peterhead ... ...| Harbour Trustees 36 & 37 Vic., 
 clvii. 
 Plymouth:— 
 Stonehouse-pool...| Improvements Com-| 39 & 40 Vic., 
 any CXXXvViil. 
 Sutton ...| Harbour Company ...| 10411 Vic., 
 CCXCVI1i. 
 Cattewater ...| Harbour Commis-| 37 & 388 Vic., 
 sloners clxxxy. 
 
 constituting authority. 
 
 System of government of the 
 
 Constitution of the authority, 
 
 The Surveyor-general of the Duchy of Cornwall 
 
 1 appointed by the Duchy of Cornwall 
 
 The Lords of the Manors of Padstow and Padstow 
 Pentrivil, Pawton and Pendevy, Withiel, Bornier, 
 and Ide 
 
 The stewards of the Lords of the Manors of Padstow 
 and Padstow, Pentrivil Pawton, and Bornier 
 
 5 senior directors of the Bodmin and Wadebridge 
 Railway Company 
 
 The chairman and deputy chairman of Delabole and 
 Rock Railway Company 
 
 The collector of Customs at Padstow 
 
 The owner of the estate of Grylls 
 
 2 appointed by Justices of the Peace of County of 
 Cornwall 
 
 24: elected by ratepayers 
 
 Qualifications: Commissioners and Electors—resi- 
 dence in the parishes of Padstow, St. Minver, 
 St. Breoke and Egloshayle, parish or borough of 
 Bodmin, or in the parishes of Little Petherick and 
 St. Issey, and being rated at £15 at least, or 
 having personal property of £500. 
 
 The Preses of the governors of the Maiden Hospital 
 
 The proprietor of the estate of Peterhead (if more 
 than one proprietor, a trustee to be nominated by 
 them) 
 
 The Provost of the Burgh 
 
 The factor of the hospital or of the estate 
 
 1 appointed by the Town Council from among 
 themselves 
 
 6 elected by owners of lands and heritages 
 
 3 elected by shipowners of the port 
 
 3 elected by ratepayers 
 
 Qualifications: Landowners—owners of property 
 on the valuation roll of at least £10 annual value; 
 shipowners—owners or part owners of at least 50 
 tons registered shipping of the port; ratepayers 
 —payment of £20 in harbour rates in respect of 
 goods. 
 
 1 appointed by the Board of Trade 
 
 L appointed by the Lord High Admiral or Lords 
 Commissioners 
 
 1 appointed by the Secretary of State for War 
 
 1 appointed by the Trinity House 
 
 The Duke of Bedford or a person appointed by his 
 trustees 
 
 1 appointed by the Earl of Morley or his successors 
 
 1 appointed by Baron Grayes or his successors 
 
 1 appointed by Baron Blackford or his successors 
 
 2 appointed by the Town Council of the Borough 
 of Plymouth 
 
 6 appointed by owners or lessees of quays, yards, 
 storehouses and lands having frontages on the 
 harbour 
 
 lappointed by the Marine Board of the Port of 
 Plymouth 
 
Table 24—continued. 
 
 103 
 ‘ports of the United Kingdom—continued. 
 Members of the authority. 
 ae Appointed If owned by private 
 Statdfory nominesigns, by Elected Elected | Appointed Total, owners, name of company Remarks, 
 municipal b by by other or person, 
 or various | constituted 
 Private Public similar |T@tePayers.| interests. | authorities. 
 owner. | authority. | authority, 
 ae ere ee 
 — _ o- — — as — |Newry Canal and/Charges as in Act of 
 Navigation Com-| 1884. 
 pany 
 12 1 - 24, 5 3 45 -— Charges as in Act of 
 1869. 
 a a2 aid, = = = = nee Charges as in Act. 
 a 1 1 — 12 a 17 oa Charges as in Acts. 
 — = — — — — — Stonehouse Pool Im-| Charges as in Act. 
 provement Company SEE 
 — — — — — — Sutton Harbour Im-| Charges as in’ Act. 
 ; ‘ provement Company 
 1 re 2 9 5 17 — Charges as in Act. 
 
Port. 
 
 Poole ae bel 
 
 Portsmouth 
 
 Preston 
 
 Ramsgate ... 
 
 Rochester ... 
 
 Runcorn 
 
 Scarborough 
 
 Scilly 
 
 “Shields, North and 
 South 
 
 .| Board of Trade 
 
 104: 
 
 General nature of Principal Act 
 
 governing body. constituting authority. 
 Harbour Commis-| 58 & 59 Vic., 
 sioners xx, 
 
 .| Admiralty and Cor-|2 & 3 Vic., lxxii.; 
 
 poration of Ports-| 31 & 32 Vic., 
 mouth CXXYlil. 
 .| The Corporation 46 & 47 Vic., 
 CXV. 
 
 .| Conservators of the| 44 & 45 Vic., 
 River Medway clxxiv. 
 .| Weaver Navigation /33 Geo. II., xlix.; 
 
 Trustees 10 Geo. IV., lxx. 
 .| Harbour Commis-| 6 & 7 Vic., xl.; 
 sioners 39 & 40 Vic., 
 elxxv. 
 .| Private owner 58 & 54 Vic., 
 XCVIll. 
 
 Tyne Improvement 
 Commissioners 
 
 ...|24 & 25 Vie., xvii. 
 
 System of government of the 
 
 scsi menesdeteaememeemeeiemaiaiaiaiimamiamnmatatn emer he 
 
 Constitution of the authority, 
 
 The Mayor 
 
 9 appointed by the Town Council from among 
 themselves 
 
 6 elected by shipowners and payers of quay and 
 harbour dues 
 
 Qualifications: Elective Commissioners—paying or 
 a partner in a firm paying £5 in harbour rates 
 and dues in the preceding year, or residence within 
 10 miles of, and being a ratepayer of Poole. 
 Electors—Shipowners owning 50 tons registered 
 shipping of the port on which boomage rates 
 have been paid; ratepayers—paying £5 in 
 harbour rates in the preceding year. 
 
 The Mayor 
 
 2 appointed by the Admiralty. 
 
 1 appointed by the proprietors of the Lower Medway 
 navigation 
 
 5 appointed by the Rochester Town Council from 
 among themselves 
 
 2 appointed by the Local Board 
 
 6 elected by importers, exporters and consignees of 
 goods 
 
 104 persons specifically named, and their successors 
 
 The Mayor 
 11 members of the Corporation 
 102 persons specifically named 
 
 See Newcastle, pp. 84-5 
 
ports of the United Kingdom—continued. 
 
 105 
 
 Table 24—continued. 
 
 Members of the authority. 
 
 eS nw nw ee ee ew eee 
 
 oie Appointed 
 Statutory nominations. by = de Elected 
 : municipal b b 
 or various 
 Private Public similar | T#*epayers. interests. 
 owner. | authority. | authority. 
 ~ 1 9 abe, 6 
 wa 1 7 - 6 
 
 104 ree ee os ae 
 
 102 1 ll -- =< 
 
 Appointed | Total, 
 
 by other 
 constituted 
 authorities. 
 ~_ 16 
 3 iy: 
 
 If owned by private 
 owners, name of company 
 
 or person, 
 
 Dorrien Smith 
 
 Remarks, 
 
 Charges as in Act. 
 
 Charges as in Acts of 
 1838 and 1868. 
 
 Charges as in Act. 
 
 Act transfers Ribble 
 navigation to Mayor 
 and Corporation. 
 
 Charges as in Act. 
 
 Charges as in Acts. 
 
 Charges as in Acts. 
 
 Charges as in Act. 
 
 North and South Shields 
 with Newcastle - on - 
 Tyne, form the Tyne 
 ports under the autho- 
 rity of the Tyne Im- 
 provement Commis- 
 sioners. 
 
106 
 
 System of government of the 
 
 General nature of 
 governing body. 
 
 Pork Principal Act 
 
 39 & 40 Vic., 
 
 ccxl. 
 
 Shoreham ... .| Harbour Trustees 
 
 Skibbereen... .| Commissioners AT & 48 Vic., 
 
 cCCxyi. 
 
 .| Harbour Commis- 
 
 Sligo 
 sioners 
 
 40 & Al Vic., 
 
 XXXYV. 
 
 .| Harbour Commis- 
 
 Southampton 
 sioners 
 
 26 & 27 Vic., 
 
 CX1x. 
 
 Tees Conservancy 
 Commissioners 
 
 ‘Stockton-on-Tets ... 
 
 | Pier and Harbour 
 
 Stornoway ... 
 Commissioners 
 
 29 Vic., Ixxvi. 
 
 Stranraer ... .| Town Council Harbour Act, 
 Harbours Act 
 
 (Scot), 1853 
 
 - constituting authority. 
 
 1847, and Burgh 
 
 (16& 17 Vie.,xciii.) 
 
 Constitution of the authority, 
 
 2 appointed by the Shoreham Local Board 
 
 1 appointed by the Worthing Local Board 
 
 2 appointed by the Brighton Town Council 
 
 2 appointed by the Steyning Justices of the Peace 
 
 3 elected by traders 
 
 3 elected by shipowners 
 
 4 elected by subscribers to the Harbour Trust 
 
 Qualifications : Trustees—owning personal estate of 
 the value of £1,000, or possessing land rated at £30 
 perannum. EHlectors—-Traders who have imported 
 or exported goods valued at £1,000; shipowners 
 owning shipping of the port of the value of £500 
 
 The trustee or trustees of the will of 1845 of Baron 
 Carbery 
 
 1 appointed by the above trustee or trustees 
 
 The chairman of the Town Commissioners of Skib- 
 bereen 
 
 2 appointed by the Town Commissioners 
 
 1 appointed by the Board of Trade 
 
 The divisional officer of the coastguard 
 
 Sir H. Rixon Beeches or any future owner of his 
 estate 
 
 A elected by ratepayers of Baltimore, Sherkin, Calf 
 and Cape Clear Islands 
 
 The Mayor 
 
 2 appointed by the Corporation from among them- 
 selves 
 
 8 elected by householders 
 
 8 elected by traders 
 
 Qualifications: Elective Commissioners—payment of 
 £20 in rates on one piece of property or tenement. 
 Electors—Householders occupying houses rated 
 at £12; traders—payment of £5 in port dues 
 
 The recorder, town council, and 10 specified persons. 
 Commissioners to appoint on vacancy caused by 
 retirement or death of any of the 10 persons 
 specified 
 
 Qualifications of Commissioners: payment of £30 
 in poor rates, and of rates as importers or 
 exporters, or owning land, tenements, &c., within 
 the borough, producing £50 annually or owning 
 personal or real estate of the value of £1,000) 
 
 See Middlesbrough, pp. 82-3 
 
 The Lord of the Manor, or in his absence his 
 chamberlain 
 
 2 appointed by the Lord of the Manor 
 
 3 appointed by the Municipal Commissioners in 
 Stornoway from among themselves 
 
 1 appointed by the Sheriff of the County 
 
 Qualifications of Commissioners: owning property 
 of £10 annual value and resident in or near 
 Stornoway, or qualified to vote at parliamentary 
 elections, or being householders in the borough 
 rated at £10 and upwards 
 
Table 24—continwed. 
 
 107 
 
 ports of the United Kingdom—continued. 
 
 Members of the authority. 
 
 fate ne Appointed If owned by private 
 Statutory nominations. b Blectea Elected | Appointed | Total, owners, name of company Remarks, 
 municipal by by by other or person, 
 Private Public BE ie ratep BySte intaromta ain 
 owner. | authority. | authority. 
 — —_— 5 — 10 2 17 a Charges as in Act. 
 3 2 2 A — 1 12 _ Charges as in Act. 
 ‘ 
 — 1 2. 8 8 — 19 — Charges as in Act. 
 10 |Recorder| -— — = -— 10 and — Charges as in Act. 
 rand) |‘ recorder 
 town and 
 council town 
 council 
 — - — — -- — a — Charges as in Act. 
 1 -— 3 —- 2 1 7 — Charges as in Act. 
 
 be mate dace a Charges as in Act of 
 1853. 
 
Port. 
 
 General nature of 
 governing body. 
 
 108 
 
 Principal Act 
 constituting authority. 
 
 System of government of the 
 
 Constitution of the authority, 
 
 Surderland... 
 
 Swansea 
 
 Teignmouth 
 
 ...| River Wear Commis- 
 
 sioners 
 
 -++| Harbour Trustees 
 
 Harbour 
 sioners 
 
 Commis- 
 
 22 & 23 Vic., lvii. 
 
 17 & 18 Vic., 
 
 CXXxvVl. 
 
 16 & 17 Vic., 
 
 XXXVI. 
 
 1 appointed by the Admiralty 
 
 The collector of customs of the Port of Sunderland 
 
 1 appointed by the Corporation 
 
 21 elected by coalowners 
 
 15 elected by shipowners 
 
 9 elected by landowners 
 
 3 elected by importers and exporters 
 
 1 appointed by the proprietors of the North Dock 
 
 Qualifications: Commissioners elected by coal- 
 owners, shipowners, importers and exporters, and 
 proprietors of the North Dock—possessing land, 
 tenements, &c., producing £200 per annum or 
 personal estate of £6,000; by landowners—possess- 
 ing lands, tenements, &c., within five miles of the 
 river Wear within the limits of the Wear Acts, 
 producing £200 per annum. Electors—Coal- 
 owners, shipping 10,000 tons of coal, coke or 
 cinders per annum ; ship-owners—residence within 
 10 miles of the boundary of the borough and 
 owners or part owners of any vessel registered as 
 belonging to or trading from the port ; importers 
 and exporters—residence within 10 miles of the 
 boundary of the borough and payment in the 
 previous year of £5 in port dues 
 
 2 appointed by the Lord of Gower 
 he steward of Gower 
 
 The coroner of Gower 
 
 The chief agent of Britton-ferry 
 
 9 appointed by the Corporation from among them- 
 selves 
 
 12 proprietary trnstees 
 
 Qualifications: Proprietary Trustees — owning 
 shares of the value of £2,000 in works within four 
 miles of the river Tawe or registered owner of 
 shipping valued at £1,000. Electors—owning or 
 occupying works in the borough of Swansea 
 within a distance of } mile of the harbour between 
 Forest Weir and the sea, assessed for the relief of 
 the poor at £50 or over; payment of rates on 
 imports and exports of not less than £5; owning 
 shipping of the port valued at £100 and residing 
 within five miles of the Guildhall of the borough, 
 or being a shareholder to the extent of £1,000 in 
 any shipping company established at or trading 
 with Swansea and residing within five miles of 
 the Guildhall of the borough 
 
 2 appointed by the Admiralty 
 
 The Lord of the Manor of East Teignmouth or his 
 nominee 
 
 The Lord of the Manor of West Teignmouth or his 
 nominee 
 
 The owner of Stover Canal or his nominee 
 
 The owner of Hackney Canal or his nominee 
 
 4 elected by shipowners 
 
 8 elected by harbour ratepayers 
 
 Qualifications: Ratepayers Commissioners—resi- 
 dence in certain parishes and possessed of real 
 or personal estate of the value of £500 or owning 
 property rated at £30 or upwards; remaining 
 Commissioners—residence in the county of Devon 
 and possessed of real or personal estate of the 
 value of £500 or owning property rated at £30 
 or upwards. Electors—Shipowners, residence in 
 certain parishes and owners or part owners of 
 registered shipping of the port; ratepayers-— 
 payment in the previous year of £5 in harbour 
 dues 
 
Table 24—continued. 
 
 109 | 
 ports of the United Kingdom—continued. 
 Members of the authority. 
 ae Appointed | If owned by private 
 Statutory nominations. by Elected Elected |Appointed | Total, owners, name of company Remarks, 
 municipal by by other or person, 
 or various /|constituted 
 Private Public similar |"*°P4yeF8.| interests. | authorities. 
 owner. | authority. | authority. 
 i 
 Ea ] 1 a 49 1 52 — Charges as in Acts of 
 1859 and 1877. 
 2 1 9 aa 14 — 26 a Charges as in Act. 
 4 — oe — 12 2 18 — Charges as in Schedule 
 of Act. 
 
110 
 
 System of government of the 
 
 Port. Cea bade contrite gute Constitution of the authority. 
 Tralee ay Harbour Commis-| 43 &44Vic., | The chairman of the Tralee Union 
 sioners 1xxxv.; The chairman of Tralee Town Cone 
 51 & 52 Vic., | 1 appointed by Board of Trade 
 » clxx. 3 appointed by the directors of the Tralee aad Fenit 
 Railway Company from among themselves or the 
 shareholders of the company 
 2 who have paid dues on the largest number of tons 
 (not less than 5,000) of merchandise imported or 
 exported or partly both into or from the harbour 
 3 appointed by importers and exporters of 2,000 
 tons and upwards in the previous year 
 Troon (Ayr) Private owner -- | 48 Geo. ITI., xlvii. — 
 
 Waterford ... 
 
 Westport 
 
 Wexford 
 
 Weymouth ... 
 
 Whitby 
 
 .| Harbour Commis- 9 & 10 Vic., 
 
 sioners ccxCli. 
 
 .| Harbour Commis- 16 & 17 Vic., 
 
 sioners clxxxv. 
 
 .| Harbour Commis-] 37 & 38 Vic., xl. ; 
 
 sioners 50 Vic., ix. 
 
 ..-| Town Council 5) a eo B ics. 
 
 xxxv.; 50 & 51 
 Vic., cliii. 
 
 ...| Harbour Trustees ...| 42 & 43 Vic., 
 
 xix. 
 
 The Directors-General of the Inland Navigation of 
 Treland 
 
 7 appointed by the Corporation from among them- 
 selves 
 
 12 appointed by the Waterford Chamber of Com- 
 merce from among themselves 
 
 5 merchants and inhabitants of Clonmel rated at 
 £25 to the poor 
 
 Qualifications: Commissioners—owning real or 
 personal property valued at £800 or occupiers of 
 premises in the previous year rated for the relief 
 of the poor at £25 or over, situated in the City of 
 Waterford or town of Clonmel 
 
 The Collector of Customs of Westport 
 
 The Inspecting Commander of Coastguards for 
 Clew Bay 
 
 Lloyd’s agent at Westport 
 
 12 elected by ratepayers 
 
 Qualifications: Elective Commissioners—residence 
 in County Mayo, and ratepayers to the extent of 
 at least £20 per annum, or owning lands of the 
 annual value of £100, or possessed of personal 
 estate of £1,000 or owners of shipping trading 
 from the port of the value of £300. Hlectors— 
 qualified to vote at parliamentary county elections, 
 and ratepayers to the extent of at least £12 per 
 annum, or owning lands of the annual value of £20 
 
 The Mayor 
 1 appointed by the Corporation from among them- 
 
 _ selves 
 
 2 appointed by the Board of Trade 
 
 6 elected by shipowners 
 
 6 elected by parliamentary electors 
 
 Qualifications: Commissioners—residence in the 
 town of Wexford and ratepayers to the extent of 
 at least £20 per annum, or owning real or personal 
 estate of £500. Board of Trade representatives 
 to reside within 10 miles of the Court house of 
 Wexford. Electors—qualified to vote at parlia- 
 mentary elections for south division of County 
 Wexford, and residing within the municipal 
 borough of Wexford, or owning 30 tons registered 
 shipping of the port 
 
 The Lord of the Manor of Whitby 
 
 4 appointed by the Local Board 
 
 1 appointed by the Guardians 
 
 2 appointed by the Board of Trade 
 
 1 appointed by the Directors of the North Bastert 
 Railway Company 
 
 4 elected by registered shipowners 
 
 Qualifications: Trustees—owning landsof the annual 
 value of £25, or personal estate of the value of £500 
 Electors—owners or part owners of at least 30 tons 
 registered shipping of the port 
 
Table 24—continued. 
 111 
 
 ports of the United Kingdom—continued. 
 
 f Members of the authority. 
 dan Appointed If owned by private 
 Statutory nominations. oY Elected Elected | Appointed | Total, owners, mata GF company Remarks, 
 municipal by by by other or person, 
 or various constituted 
 Private Public similar | #P8Y€S-/ interests. authorities. 
 owner. | authority. | authority. 
 - 2 —_ — 8 1 ll _ Charges as in Schedule 
 to Act. 
 - _ — — — — _ Duke of Portland Charges as in Act. 
 ~— The 7 5 12 - 24 —- Charges as in Act. 
 directors and the 
 general directors 
 of inland general 
 naviga- of inland 
 tion naviga- 
 tion 
 1 2 _ 12 — -- 15 ms Charges as in Act. 
 bass 1 1 6 6 2 16 aes Charges as in Act of 
 1874. 
 pat = ee = — — = — Charges as in Act. 
 
112 
 System of government of the 
 
 General nature of Principal Act 
 
 governing body. constituting authority. Constitution of the authority, 
 
 ‘ 
 
 Whitehaven ...| Town aud Harbour| 22 Vic., xiv.; | Lord of the Manor of St. Bees 
 Trustees 48 & 49 Vic., | 5 appointed by the Lord of the Manor 
 CXXV. 15 elected by shipowners, shipmasters and rate- 
 payers (jointly) 
 Qualifications: Elective Trustees—residence within 
 7 miles of the parliamentary borough of White- 
 haven. LHlectors—Masters of vessels registered at 
 the port; owners of 4-64ths of such vessels; rate- 
 payers to the extent of at least £6 per annum. 
 All electors to reside in the parliamentary borough 
 of Whitehaven 
 
 Wick a: ...| Harbour Trustees ...| 42 & 48 Vic., | The proprietor of the Barony of Hempriggs or in 
 exlix. his absence the factor of the Barony of Hempriggs. 
 
 The factor to live within 3 miles of, or have his 
 place of business in the burgh 
 
 The Provost of the Burgh 
 
 1 appointed by the British Fisheries Society 
 
 2 appointed by the Commissioners of supply for the 
 County of Caithness from among themselves 
 
 2 appointed by the Council of the Burgh from 
 among themselves 
 
 3 appointed by the Commissioners of Pulteney 
 Tower from among themselves 
 
 3 elected by landowners 
 
 3 elected by shipowners 
 
 3 elected by ratepayers 
 
 Qualifications: Trustees and Electors—landowners 
 owning land of the annual value of £10; ship- 
 owners residing or having their places of business 
 within; the parliamentary burgh, and owners or 
 part owners of at least 50 tons registered shipping 
 of the port; ratepayers paying £5 in harbour 
 rates ; residence to be the same as for shipowners 
 
 Wigtown ... ...| Town Council oes = — 
 
 Wisbech .., ...| Lhe Corporation ...| 52 & 53 Vic., — 
 
 CXXXVii. 
 
 Yarmouth ... ...| Harbour Commis-| 29 & 80 Vic., | 2 appointed by the Corporation of Great Yarmouth 
 sioners eexlvii. 3 appointed by the Corporation of Norwich 
 3 appointed by the Norfolk Justices of the Peace 
 3 appointed by the Suffolk Justices of the Peace 
 1 elected by shipowners and ratepayers 
 1 elected by fishowners and fish ratepayers 
 Qualifications :—Commissioners owning real or per- 
 sonal estate (or both) of £1,000, or owners or part 
 owners of shipping to the extent of £200 tons, or 
 who have paid rates to the extent of £50 in the 
 preceding year. Hlectors—Fishowners and ship- 
 owners owning fishing boats or vessels respectively ; 
 ratepayers and fish ratepayers who have paid rates 
 to the extent of £10 in the preceding year 
 
_ 
 
 Table 24—continued. 
 
 113 
 
 Members of the authority. 
 
 <i Appointed If owned by private 
 Statutory nominations. by Elected Elected | Appointed | Total, owners, name of company Remarks, 
 municipal ey rs by by other or person, 
 r various | constituted 
 Private Public similar | Tatepayers. interests. | authorities. 
 Owner, | authority. | authority. 
 ! ——f TS 
 1 — a — 20 - 21 a Charges as in Act. 
 1 1 5 3 7 2 19 _ Charges as in Act. 
 ‘ 
 — sed = — — — oo = Charges as in Schedule 
 to Act. 
 — — 5 — 2 6 13 —~ Charges as in Schedule 
 to Act. 
 
if ‘é ld 7 ‘ 
 eM Leds OE Jel 
 
 ve Se tine 
 
 Ser an Gee Ome Re Sea WEN as 
 
 : as od a ca leradisae oa a est eam * 
 
 va tle 
 
114 
 
 a Table 25. 
 Shipping entered at the Port of Hamburg. 
 
 [< Hamburg’s Handel und Schiffuhrt, 1899,” compiled by the Trade Statistical Bureau of Hamburg. Table 21.) 
 
|‘ Hamburg’s Handel und Schifivhrt, 1899,” compiled by the Trade Statistical Bureau of Hamburg. 
 
 Steam vessels. 
 
 114 
 
 Shipping entered at the Port of Hamburg. 
 
 Sailing vessels. 
 
 Table 25. 
 
 Table 21.) 
 
 Average 
 Year. With cargoes. In ballast or empty. With cargoes, In ballast or empty. Se Se ong ee 
 
 per ship. 
 
 Number| Tonnage. |Number.| Tonnage. |Number.| Tonnage. |Number.) Tonnage. Number. Tonnage. 
 1791 1,504 |vessels 1,504 
 1792 1700 Pe, 1.700 
 1793 1,455 1.455 
 1794 1,820 1.820 
 1795 2,107 9.107 
 1796 19195 =, 1,919 
 1797 1,869 = 1.816 
 1798 2,005 | ,, 2,005 
 1799 1,906.1, 1,906 
 1800 1,895 | ,, 1.895 
 1801 PAG yal 9.177 
 1802 2108 2, 2.108 
 1803 EGlp: ee 1.615 
 1814 LSOta ae 1,301 
 1815 1,923 80 2.003 144,891 72 
 1816 1 2,159 70 2.230 170.995 vii 
 1817 2,061 182 9.943 170.795 76 
 1818 2,126 | 150 2.276 173,857 76 
 1819 1,825 140 1,965 160.711 82 
 1820 2,109 118 2.227 177,505 80 
 1821 2,008 |vessels 9.008 161.066 80 
 1822 iseyiteh || ee 1.878 160.612 86 
 1823 1,995 | _,, 1,995 175,959 88 
 1824 2,144] ,, 2.144 185,483 | 87 
 1825 12 1,988 432 9.439 901.350 838 
 1826 46 1 1,913 409 9.369 198.827 84 
 1827 46 6 1,959 322 | 9.327 194,402 84 
 1828 83 a 2,109 B25 | 9.517 199,444 79 
 1829 91 1 1,926 | 875 | 2.393 207.232 87 
 1830 84 2.355 338 | 9.777 951.773 91 
 1831 mh ee 1,933 337 2,347 223,443 95 
 1832 | 123 3 2,218 419 2.763 244,721 89 
 1833 | 150 2 2,044 538 9.734 931,869 85 
 1834 | 202 2 2,100 216 2.520 227,763 90 
 1835 | 259 6 2,088 177 2,530 235,768 93 
 1836 | 295 8 1,992 202 2.497 248.485 | 100 
 1837 | 290 10 2.114 187 2.601 962,199 ero 
 1838 | 252 20 2,219 209 2,700 283,779 | 105 
 1839 | 881 ae 15 ae 2,338 Soe 255 ae 9.939 309.973 | 105 
 1840 | 3835 82,462 8 832 |2,807 | 234,707 | 287 18,646 | 9,937 336,647 | 115 
 1841 | 308 75,686 2 299 | 2,582 | 275,972 | 3802 19,847 | 3,194 371,804 | 116 
 1842 | 342 90,051 4 878 |2,759 | 285,862 | 225 14,282 | 3,330 390,573 | 117 
 1843 | 827 91,494 9 2,837 | 3,082 | 297,880 | 120 8,251 | 3,538 400,462 | 113 
 1844 | 298 86,892 9 2,347 |2,768 | 260,694 | 185 13,293 | 3.260 363,226 | 111 
 1845 | 294 86,008 1 241 | 3,888 | 386,265 | 307 15,804 | 3,990 438,318 | 110 
 1846 | 360] 102,109 1 169 | 8,118 | 300,223 | 805 16,046 | 3,779 418,547 | 111 
 1847 | 401 | 118,822 9 2.707 |3,470 | 836,793 | 298 15,595 | 4.178 473,917 | 114 
 1848 | 876 | 111,461 é 2,018 | 2,629 | 308,251 | 292 23,497 | 3.304 AA5,997 | 135 
 1849 | 380] 117,021 13 8,028 |2,784 | 282,987 | 282 20,176 | 3,459 423,212 | 123 
 1850 | 530| 167,616 5 1,021 |8,208 | 351,885 | 351 27,925 | 4.094 547,947 | 133 
 Sop ip eco test 77,122 | 10 1,787 | 8,206 | 353,766 | 356 25,778 | 4,169 558,403 | 138 
 1852 | 721 | 208.640 4 1,049 |8,816 | 880,973 | 3899 40,610 | 4,440 631.272 | 143 
 1853 | 648 182,318} 10 2,781 | 2,908 | 324,090 | 618 48,431 | 4,174 557,620 | 133 
 1854 | 806| 236,780] 18 2,948 | 3,836 | 869,674 | 741 68,676 | 4,896 678,078 | 138 
 1855 | 787 [ 229,297] 28 5,552 |8,183 | 411,017 | 595 49,388 | 4,593 695,254 | 151 
 1856 |1,087 | 845,006 32 7,857 |8,871 | 469,001 | 711 57,679 | 5,201 879,543 | 169 
 1857 |1,200 | 404,595 35 10,726 |8,106 | 447,748 | 726 74,806 | 5,067 937,875 | 184 
 1858 | 982 840,060 32 12,521 |2,896 | 429,584 | 454 46,330 | 4,364 893.495 | 190 
 1859 | 1,054 | 369,007 29 13,063 | 2,926 | 413,788 | 545 52,443 | 4,554 848,301 | 186 
 1860 |1,161 | 414,754 54 18,790 |2,979 | 485,503 | 835 77,107 | 5,029 946,154 | 188 
 1861 |1,158 | 427,129 49 16,945 | 3,267 | 466,882 | 745 81,463 | 5,219 992,419 | 190 
 1862 |1,196 | 442,312 33 14,213 | 3,227 | 444,841 | 627 74,000 | 5,083 974,866 | 192 
 1863 |1,379 | 519,147 54 17,577 | 3,853 | 461,264 | 757 84,748 | 5,543 | 1,082,736 | 195 
 1864 |1,361 | 544,687 61 8,505 |2,836 | 418,059 | 754 77,045 | 5,012 | 1,048.296 | 203 
 1865 |1,539 | 648,459 98 23,641 |2,970 | 472,457 | 579 78,846 | 5,186 | 1,223,403 | 235 
 1866 |1,764 | 792,484 | 140 57,861 |2,590 | 891,205 | 691 86,123 | 5,185 | 1,327,673 | 257 
 1867 |1,909 | 918,919 98 45,822 |2,478 | 895,566 | 570 75,776 | 5.055 | 1,431,082 | 283 
 1868 | 2,072 | 1,019,023 78 31,711 | 2,525 | 388,807 | 622 93,624 | 5.997 | 1.539.665 | 284 
 1869 | 2,104 | 1,084,621 81 34.762 |2,410 | 897,252 | 597 87,177 | 5,192 | 1,603,812 | 309 
 1870 | 1,910 | 1,008,363 39 16,890 |1,743 | 295,180 | 452 69,406 | 4.144 | 1,389,789 | 336 
 1871 | 2,390 | 1,291,263 68 93,479 |2,297 | 494,889 | 684 77,924 | 5,439 | 1.887.505 | 347 
 1872 | 2,674 |~1,475,280 75 19,950 |2,511 | 506,468 | 653 79,214 | 5.913 | 2.080.912 | 352 
 1873 | 2,467 | 1,884,586 67 16,320 |2,142 | 886,642 | 594 99,509 | 5.270 | 1,887,057 | 358 
 1874 | 2,588 | 1,609,687 ‘ip 81,797 | 2,011 | 382,003 | 553 70,615 | §,225 | 2,094,102 | 401 
 1875 | 2,667 | 1,665,462 72 17,977 {1,913 | 857,913 | 608 76,470 | 5,260 | 2,117,822 | 403 
 1876 | 2,821 | 1,699,392 95 24,083 |1,965 | 488,845 | 552 66,892 | 5,433 | 2.998.162 | 410 
 1877 | 2,824 | 1,682,896 | 1384 49,564 |1,841 | 427,269 | 674 74,200 | 5,473 | 2.933.999 | 408 
 1878 | 2.787 | 1,696,498 | 185 71,869 |1,667 | 427,848 | 669 77,627 | 5,308 | 2,273,342 | 428 
 1879 | 2,948 | 1,853,975 | 220] 104,723 |1,952 | 473,404 | 551 60,803 | 5,671 | 2.492.905 | 440 
 1880 | 3,150 | 2,069,205 | 287 | 111,779 |1,965 | 495,731 | 672 90,091 | 6,024 | 2,766,806 | 459 
 1881 | 3,150 | 2,151,554 | 282] 104,819 |1,987 | 473,538 | 606 75,694 | 5,975 | 2.805.605 | 470 
 1882 | 3,831 | 2,806,952 | 273} 180,714 |1,954 | 514,805 | 631 78,438 | 6,189 | 3,030,909 | 490 
 1883 | 3,576 | 2,576,235 | 863 | 151,884 |1,811 | 547,740 | 602 76,311 | 6,352 | 3,351,670 | 528 
 1884 | 3,897 | 2,862,829 | 890] 169,820 |1,984 | 617,518 | 573 717,557 | 6,844 | 3.727.794 | 545 
 1885 | 4,101 | 2,924,825 | 877 | 172,105 |1,755 | 518,820 | 557 88,362 | 6.790 | 3,704,112 | 546 
 1886 | 4,293 | 3,027,427 | 861 176,199 |1,627 | 499,528 | 682 88,888 | 6,913 | 3.791.992 | 549 
 1887 | 4,416 | 3,147,660 | 857 | 189,492 |1,922 | 549,644 | 613 83,438 | 7,308 | 3,920,934 | 536 
 1888 | 4,769 | 8,498,052 | 445 | 228,642 [1,748 | 557,427 | 562 76,390 | 7,524 | 4.355511 | 579 
 1889 | 5,290 | 3,989,382 | 482 | 267,081 [1,657 | 530,816 | 650 73,163 | 8,079 | 4,809,892 | 595 
 1890 | 5,409 | 4,309,609 | 495 | 805,278 |1,569 | 505,718 | 703 82,220 | 8176 | 5,202,895 | 636 
 1891 | 5,676 | 4,738,646 | 627 | 849,477 |1,692 | 577,011) 678 | 102,235 | 8,673 | 5,762,369! 664 
 1892 | 5,454 | 4,643,891 | 674 | 886,090 |1,721 | 559,653 | 720 99,876 | 8,569 | 5,639,010 | 658 
 1893 | 5,704 | 4,944,211 | 695 | 844,214 ;1,685 | 499,360 | 758 98,598 | 8,792 | 5,886,378 | 670 
 1894 |5,789 | 5,269,491 | 714 | 811,824 | 1,682 | 542,821 | 980) 104,685 | 9,165 | 6.228.891! 680 
 1895 | 6,083 | 5,214,678 | 768 | $844,919 |1,700| 598,766 | 897 96,130 | 9,443 | 6,254,493 | 662 
 1896 | 6,683 | 5,290,785 | 864 | 888,807 |1,826 | 653,293 1,154 | 112,882 | 10,477 | 6,445,167 | 615 
 1897 | 6,873 | 5,624,868 | 964} 410,828 |1,855 | 545,807 |1,481 | 126,567 | 11,173 | 6.708.070 | 600 
 1898 | 7,190 | 6,164,485 | 1,017 884,965 | 2,171 612,882 | 2,145 191,786 | 12,523 | 7,354,118 | 587 
 6,455,958 |1,104 | 406,484 |2,505 | 724,297 |2,857 | 179,211 
 
 1899 | 7,846 13,312 | 7,765,950 | 583 
 
115 
 
 Weight and value of imports into the Port of Hamburg. 
 [From “ Hamburgs Handel und Schiffahrt,” 1900, Table 47}. 
 
 Year, 
 
 Weight. 
 
 dz. 
 5,567,309 
 5,782,702 
 6,210,802 
 5,589,152 
 5,799,770 
 
 7,105,368 
 8,781,564 
 8,498,408 
 8,292,560 
 8,206,568 
 
 8,477,884 
 8,722,408 
 8,752,432 
 9,527,461 
 9,521,293 
 
 10,879,029 
 10,229,187 
 11,509,986 
 12,196,905 
 14,242,930 
 
 18,078,670 
 20,122,898 
 21,379,038 
 18,219,354 
 18,842,250 
 
 20,076,347 
 22,096,773 
 20,678,999 
 20,716,107 
 23,128,523 
 
 24,969,501 
 26,005,262 
 26,941,074 
 29,873,928 
 33,197,138 
 
 31,686,447 
 32,481,575 
 34,524,570 
 38,844,224 
 46,016,434 
 
 50,069,666 
 54,251,889 
 54,907,741 
 54,963,151 
 59,974,209 
 
 63,690,362 
 71,038,625 
 80,666,618 
 88,951,783 
 91,780,734 
 
 10 dz. = 1 ton. 
 
 Table 26. 
 
 Ratio to first 
 year (1850), 
 
 Value. 
 
 marks. 
 253,648,900 
 261,652,460 
 263,732,820 
 266,395,830 
 311,333,660 
 
 344,004,150 
 409,152,840 
 417,812,820 
 312,458,600 
 838,777,730 
 
 381,536,790 
 376,843,790 
 408,045,170 
 481,260,590 
 527,876,850 
 
 517,334,370 
 483,975,470 
 562,889,270 
 590,044,290 
 656,254,230 
 
 513,692,710 
 804,794,550 
 952,550,410 
 887,520,760 
 901,263,050 
 
 893,091,130 
 857,578,740 
 861,880,480 
 838,747,740 
 853,591,070 
 
 894,522,650 
 905,238,760 
 908,074,510 
 979,269,490 
 1,008,822,240 
 
 933,032,130 
 936,822,140 
 1,049,083,260 
 1,114,906,790 
 1,245,580,760 
 
 1,376,928,760 
 1,521,898,590 
 1,489,180,290 
 1,556,879,130 
 1,566,058,790 
 
 1,661,433,100 
 1,713,071,090 
 1,790,883,360 
 2,014,870,140 
 1.984,450,750 
 
 20 marks = £1. 
 
 Ratio to first 
 year (1850). 
 
 100 
 103 
 104 
 105 
 123 
 
 136 
 161 
 165 
 123 
 132 
 150 
 149 
 161 
 190 
 208 
 
 204 
 191 
 222 
 233 
 259 
 
 203 
 317 
 376 
 350 
 355 
 
 352 
 338 
 340 
 331 
 337 
 
 353 
 357 
 358 
 386 
 398 
 
 568 
 369 
 414 
 440 
 491 
 
 548 
 600 
 587 
 614 
 617 
 
 655 
 675 
 706 
 794 
 782 
 
1884 
 1885 
 1886 
 1887 
 1888 
 1889 
 
 1890 
 1891 
 1892 
 1893 
 1894: 
 
 1895 
 1896 
 1897 
 1898 
 1899 
 
 116 
 
 Shipping entered at Amsterdam. 
 (From Verslag over den toestand van Handel, Scheepvaart en Nijverheid in 1899, p. 137.) 
 
 Year. Number. 
 
 1,698 
 1,635 
 1,576 
 1,600 
 1,576 
 1,642 
 
 1,675 
 1,723 
 i 1,632 
 ak 1,558 
 | 1,666 
 
 1,676 
 1,848 
 1,940 
 1,871 
 2,024 
 
 Tonnage. 
 
 duizend m3. 
 2,828 
 2,853 ; net. 
 2,692 
 
 3,693 
 3,824 
 
 gToss. 
 
 Table 27. 
 
ey 
 Table 28. 
 
 Shipping entered the Port of Rotterdam, and weight of merchandise imported. 
 
 [From ‘Le Port de Rotterdam,” by H. A. Van Ijsselsteyn, Engineer, Sub-Director of works 
 of the City of Rotterdam, p. 99. ] 
 
 Shipping entered. 
 Weight of merchandise 
 imported 
 (after deducting lime, coal, 
 Number. Tonnage. stone; &c.). 
 ee ee ON ee ee ee eee ee eee 
 In 1,000 kilos.="984 ton. 
 
 hoy eee 11,940 346,186 
 1860... ..., 2,449 673,839 
 Lo70. ee ..eF 29,978 1,026,348 
 1880...  ...| 3,456 1,681,650 
 teote, 2 |S ca 535 2.918 425 
 Poole Se 467 3,008,799 3,904,765 
 To 4-498 3,120,698 3,934,564 
 fedmee | 24,681 3,566,170 4,624,528 
 1894...  .... 5,109 4,143,408 5,358,349 
 Tob sete: .le 20,199 4,177,478 5,819,158 
 1896...  ...) 5,904 4,951,560 7,057,642 
 1897... ...| 6,212 5,409,417 7,839,861 
 ee hed meer 5,751,393 8,449,529 
 1600 eh. <6.890 6,323,072 
 
 Growth of Population, 1830-1900. 
 
 [From “ Le Port de Rotterdam,” by H. A. Van Ijsselsteyn, Engineer, Sub-Director of works 
 of the Oty of Rotterdam, p. 15. ] 
 
 Population 
 
 Year. of 
 Rotterdam. 
 Ist Jan. 1830 ... a Pee we 72,294 
 Sec S0ee ee ee. 8 8 098 
 He 1850 ... ae ae if 90,073 
 el RG0t na ~ ees 106,122 
 ee eF0M Mee, ep O16 982 
 ie TCC es, ee 148 102 
 re eo hee te ee hv or 901859 
 pean cola eee 905-186 
 fre edu a ts <8 91916679 
 LCR as ie ee peers 
 Me cO cer ee ee 1998 597 
 +8 TeOD4 ‘en rep sisted 234,916 
 roca emathe -276,987 
 ee 60s ee va =~. 2 1/986,105 
 ee 1 0Gee wt Gar cn 298/488 
 
 ee Oumar We) O28) - 52,6: 809:809 
 nr CUMenee ete \,. - 819,866 
 
118 
 
 Table 29. 
 Shipping entered at the Port of Antwerp. 
 
 [‘‘ Anvers Port de Mer” (Report of the city engineer and others to the burgomaster of Antwerp), 
 Appendix p. 35.] 
 
 Sailing vessels. Steam vessels. Total toanaze. 
 
 (a) This is according to the old Belgian system of tonnage. 
 (6) According to the new system of tonnage (Moorsom’s system) adopted since Ist January, 1894, 
 (c) In these years the figures include number and tonnage of steamers from the interior ; when these are deducted the figures 
 will be as in the table 30 below— 
 
 oar. Teas 
 Number. | Tonnage. Cepia ie Number. | Toanage, | ae Se Number. Toanage. eke 
 
 1870 | 2,377 611,979 Dh7. el 74 5 774,904 444 4,122 | 1.386.883 336 
 1871 | 3,065 765,125 249 | 2,099 | 1,058,990 504 5,164 | 1,824,115 358 
 1872 | 1,974 559,102 288 | 2,219 | 1,082,551 488 4,193 | 1,641,653 392 
 1873 | 2,182 650,533 298 | 2,615 | 1,411,703 539 4,797 | 2.062.236 430 
 1874 | 1,929 614,433 818 | 2,618 | 1,517,729 579 4,547 | 2,134,162 469 
 1875 | 1,634 532,682 826 | 2,717 | 1,652,784 608 4,351 | 2.185.416 502 
 1876 | 1,584 546,978 856 | 8,016 | 1,980,719 656 4,550 | 2,527,697 556 
 1877 | 1,582 558,261 864 | 2,925 | 1,941,221 663 4,457 | 2,499,482\(0)) 561 
 1878 | 1,588 610,582 897 | 8,045 | 2,169,374 712 4,583 | 2,779,956 607 
 1879 | 1,856 620,290 450 | 2,892 | 2,287,721 791 4,248 | 2,908,011 685 
 1880 | 1,468 612,991 417 | 8,158 | 2,504,763 792 4,626 | 3,117,754 674 
 1881 | 1,147 515,287 448 2,963 | 2,423,194 818 4,110 | 2,938,481 715 
 1882 | 1,149 507,772 442 | 3,292 | 2,945,522 894 4.441 | 3,453,294 778 
 1883 989 417,860 422 | 8,700 | 3,440,074 929 4,689 | 3,857,934 823 
 1884 935 557,698 596 | 3,874 | 8,544,365 915 4,809 | 4,102,063 853 
 es, 1884 | 985 477,481 | 511 |8,874, | 3,034,865} 783 4,809 | 3,512,040 730 
 1ga0 653 | 260,355 | 899 | 4.339|/,| 4340519 | 939 | 6042 4600914|,,| 919 
 Hie 473 218,969 463 | 5,003 5,733,779 | 1,146 5,481 | 5,957,748 1,087 
 1897 459 210,857 460 |5,194 6,105,063 | 1,175 5,653 | 6,315,920 1,116 
 
 Number, Tonnage. Number Tonnage. 
 
 1884... . 8,184 2,922,367 1896 .. 4,478 5,636,142 
 
 1890 ... . 8,879 4,257,333 | 1897 4,647 6,004,693 
 
 Table 30. 
 Shipping entered the Port of Antwerp. 
 [** Mouvement du port d’Anvers pendant V Année, 1899” (official). | 
 Sailing vessels. Steam vessels. Totals, 
 Tonnage. 
 Years. per ship. 
 Number. Tonnage, Number. Tonnage. Number. Tonnage. 
 
 1890 653 260,365 3,879 4,257,333 4,532 4,517,698 999 
 1891 688 292,541 3,773 4,400,697 4,461 4,693,238 1,052 
 1892 565 247,074 3,756 4,253,017 4,321 4,500,091 1,042 
 1893 546 238,282 8,872 4,453,929 4,418 4,692,211 1,062 
 1894 569 281,555 4,071 4,727,428 4,640 5,008,983 1,080 
 1895 521 259,034 4,182 5,104,535 4,653 5,363,569 1,152 
 1896 473 218,969 4,478 5,636,142 4,951 5,855,111 1,183 
 1897 459 2109857 4,647 6,004,693 5,106 6,215,550 1,217 
 1898 475 266,497 4,723 6,149,004 5,198 6,415,501 1,234 
 1899 483 280,886 4,937 6,561,277 5,420 6,842,163 1,262 
 
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