UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 
 
 nti eee 
 PRESIDENT’S OFFICE. 
 
 UNIVERSITY BULLETIN 
 
 SBRIES 5 APRIL, 1905 No. 4 
 
 THE 
 TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA 
 
 INSTALLATION OF 
 PRESIDENT EDWIN BOONE CRAIGHEAD 
 
 MARCH 16, 1905 
 
 New Orleans, Louisiana. 
 
2 
 
 Louisiana State University, Dr. C. E. Coates; Missouri 
 State Normal School, Dr. Laura L. Runyan and Prof. R. T. 
 Kerlin ; Washington University, St. Louis, Prof. F. EK. Nipper ; 
 College of Immaculate Conception (Jesuits), New Orleans, Rev. 
 John McCreary; United States Military Academy, Gen. Francis 
 T. Nicholls; Millsaps College, Jackson, Miss., President W. 
 B. Murrah; Randolph-Macon College, Charles Carroll, New 
 Orleans; Western Reserve University, Prof. R. W. Deering; 
 University of Chicago, Dean George E. Vincent ; Trinity College, 
 James P. Bowman, St. Francisville, La.; Washington and Lee 
 University, President G. H. Denny; University of Tennessee, 
 President Brown Ayres; Stevens Institute of Technology, Dr. 
 Brown Ayres; Jefferson College, Convent, La., President R. H. 
 Smith; Armour Institute of Technology, F. N. Smith; Boston 
 University, Dr. F. H. Knight, President New Orleans University; 
 Earlhem College, Richmond, Ind., A. W. Newlin of New Orleans 
 Picayune; Massachusetts Institute of Technology, B. A. Oxnard, 
 Adeline, La.; Oberlin College, Mrs. William Mayo Venable, 
 New Orleans; Hamilton College, Hon. William W. Howe; St. 
 Louis University, St. Louis, Mo., Prof. E. A. Otis, New Orleans ; 
 Vanderbilt University, H. H. White; Yale University, E. L. 
 Simonds, New Orleans; Loyola College, New Orleans, Father 
 Biever ; University of Mississippi, Chancellor R. B. Fulton ; Cen- 
 tenary College, Jackson, La., President C. C. Miller; Pensacola 
 High School, C. A. Dykstra, Principal ; J. H. Ownings, Superin- 
 tendent of Schools, Biloxi, Miss. 
 
 SCENE IN THE THEATRE 
 
 The picture of the flags and bunting decorated theatre, the 
 array of professors in cap and gown, marked by the colored 
 insignia of their academic rank, the Roman Catholic archbishop 
 of New Orleans, in his wine-colored robe contrasting with his 
 snowy hair, the bishop of the Episcopal diocese of Louisiana, and 
 
3 
 
 other representatives of the church, including one of the principal 
 speakers of the occasion, Dr. Warner, was a scene well propor- 
 tioned in its serious and spectacular aspects. 
 
 The theatre was particularly well decorated. The second 
 and the first proscenium boxes were draped with olive and blue, 
 on which were large blue T’s. Over the stage American flags 
 and more of college colors were hung, and a shield with the 
 name ‘‘ Tulane’’ caught these draperies together in the center. 
 
 The assembling of the participants in the ceremony was 
 very prompt. ‘They came in the following order : 
 
 Chief marshal, S. Walter Stern. 
 
 Department marshal, Miss Genevieve Jackson; students of 
 the H. Sophie Newcomb College. 
 
 Department marshal, John A. Griffith; students of the Medical 
 Department. 
 
 Department marshal, Henry P. Dart, Jr.; students of the 
 Law Department. 
 
 Department marshal, Frank Haas ; students of the Academic 
 Colleges. 
 
 Chief marshal and department marshals. 
 
 President and executive committee of the Alumni Association. 
 
 The faculties of the University, H. Sophie Newcomb Memorial 
 College, the Medical Department, the Law Department, the 
 Academic Colleges. 
 
 The Board of Administrators of the University. 
 
 The Governor of Louisiana. 
 
 The Mayor of New Orleans. 
 
 Representatives of colleges and universities. 
 
 The Deans of the University. 
 
 The President of the Board of Administrators. 
 
 The speakers. 
 
 The President of the University. 
 
ORDER OF EXERCISES 
 
 When the parts of the procession had taken their places in 
 the theatre by the appointed time, 1:30, the exercises were 
 opened by the singing of the song, ‘‘Tulane.’?’ ‘Then Archbishop 
 Chapelle delivered an eloquent prayer, during which the audience 
 stood. ‘Then came the remainder of the programme as follows : 
 
 Addresses of Welcome — On behalf of the faculties, President 
 Brandt Van B. Dixon; on behalf of the alumni, William S. 
 Parkerson; on behalf of the students, Arthur A. Moreno; on 
 behalf of the State, Hon. Newton Crain Blanchard, Governor of 
 Louisiana; on behalf of the Board of Administrators, Judge 
 Charles E. Fenner. . 
 
 Inaugural Address — Edwin Boone Craighead, M. A., LL. D. 
 
 Conferring of honorary degrees. 
 
 Address of Rey. Beverley E. Warner, D.D. 
 
 Benediction — The Rt. Rev. Davis Sessums, D.D., Bishop of 
 Louisiana. , 
 
 PRESIDENT DIXON OF NEWCOMB COLLEGE 
 
 Judge Charles E. Fenner was master of ceremonies. He 
 introduced as the first speaker, President B. V. B. Dixon, of 
 Newcomb, who made the address of welcome on behalf of the 
 faculty of the University. President Dixon said, briefly, after 
 welcoming the visiting representatives of other colleges, that 
 modern conditions and standards of success and competition were 
 apt to warp one’s views of life, but that the broad men’of every 
 community should be the champions of their universities. It 
 should not be difficult, he said, to persuade them to the broader 
 view of life taken by the university. Dr. Dixon said education 
 was not merely the business of those who make it their business, 
 but the business of the whole community. Education was not 
 merely an adornment nor an accomplishment, neither was the 
 
5 
 
 university merely an ‘‘institution of learning,’’ as it was apt to 
 be styled, but a school of training, where one gets the habit of 
 observation, the desire for intellectual development and the passion 
 for service. Wonderful as are the accomplishments in a material 
 way, due to the development of the human intellect, more 
 wonderful still, said Dr. Dixon, are the first promptings of the 
 heart to seek knowledge. ‘There was no achievement in a man’s 
 life that was really valuable except a moral achievement, and 
 every discovery, from the idea of the stone hatchet to the 
 wireless telegraph, was a moral achievement. The man who 
 really secured a moral achievement in his discovery was he who 
 cried, with the spirit of wonder, ‘‘ Kureka.’’ 
 
 Dr. Dixon spoke of the future of New Orleans and the part 
 .Tulane might reasonably be expected to take in the upbuilding 
 of the city. Which of those who were to take part in the future 
 successes of New Orleans were now on the rolls. of Tulane, he 
 asked. It was the duty of parents to see to it that their boys 
 -were students of the University, for the character of our future 
 successes would depend on the kind of training we gave our 
 ‘ children. 
 
 FOR ALUMNI AND STUDENTS 
 
 W. S. Parkerson, on behalf of the alumni, spoke briefly and 
 forcibly. He said there were two things he had noted that 
 affected educational conditions in New Orleans: one was the 
 undue tendency to seek sympathy from without our own section. 
 He asked whether it was outside assistance and sympathy that 
 had made both Tulane and New Orleans great. Another thing 
 he wished to speak of was the lack of independence in. the 
 character of the young men of these days. The third point on 
 which he spoke was the tendency on the part of some to decry 
 ambition. There had been fewer souls lost on the turbulent seas 
 of ambition, said Mr. Parkerson, than on the rocks of indifference. 
 
6 
 
 On behalf of the students, Arthur Moreno spoke of the part 
 that should be given to athletics, and of the need of a gymnasium, 
 an institution that would do more to foster the real university 
 life than any one other thing. Boys would be attracted to college 
 by its athletic interests who would not come otherwise, and once 
 they were within the walls of the University, they would be 
 open to all its healthy influences, those of fellowship as well 
 as study. 
 
 GOVERNOR BLANCHARD 
 
 Governor Bianchard’s welcome was in behalf of the people 
 of the State of Louisiana. He said it was meet and proper to saya 
 word in this connection, because the State is now peculiarly alive 
 to everything pertaining to education. The inauguration of the 
 President of so important an institution as Tulane could not fail 
 to be of interest to the State at large. He wished to impress the 
 fact that the State considered Tulane one of its institutions. 
 The State had a great future, and it wanted Tulane and other 
 colleges to do their part in the achievement of success. The 
 State took a great pride in Tulane, as it was one of the two 
 universities the State fosters, and of which she might justly be 
 proud, two universities that should put Louisiana at the head of 
 the Southern States in point of education. } 
 
 The conferring of the honorary degree of LL. D. upon Dr. 
 Beverley Ellison Warner, now of Trinity Episcopal Church, 
 New Orleans, and upon Dr. Brown Ayres, now President of the 
 University of Tennessee, came after the conclusion of Dr. Craig- 
 head’s speech, and the honoring of these two distinguished 
 scholars was attended by many signs of affection and respect. 
 
 ADDRESS OF DR. WARNER 
 
 Dr. Beverley Warner was not only eloquent, but he was at 
 times inspiring in his address. As subject, he chose ‘‘ The City 
 
fs 
 
 and the University,’’ and in a scholarly way showed how closely 
 the one was linked to the other. 
 
 He spoke from the standpoint of one who, for a long time, 
 had been closely identified with the life at Tulane, and who knew 
 what its needs were, or rather, the needs of a great Southern 
 university. He prefaced his address by saying that he did not 
 speak from the viewpoint of an alien, but rather as one who, in 
 his humble capacity, had contributed his mite towards the de- 
 velopment of educational life in the city and State. 
 
 The keynote of his address was that the University and the 
 city were dependent upon each other for their advancement, and 
 this was especially true of New Orleans and Tulane. It was 
 accentuated by reason of the fact that the city was growing, and 
 in time was destined to be the mistress of the Mississippi Valley, 
 to which position she was entitled, because of her advantageous 
 position. 
 
 “Into the intellectual culture and industrial achievements of 
 the South,’’ he said, ‘‘ Tulane strikes deeper root to-day than 
 ever. As her sons grow in age, and her daughters in numbers, 
 they grow also more loyal to their alma mater. 
 
 ‘““A growing university must always be poor, but by the 
 process of making many rich. In the old days it could have 
 enriched scores, when it should have been empowered to deal 
 with hundreds. I do not plead for an institution so rich that it 
 may lie at ease, gorged and sated, an aristocracy of the few, 
 living on higher levels and looking down upon the city as upon a 
 thing apart. My vision is of a living organism, the heart of a 
 great metropolis, receiving her sons and daughters in her brood- 
 ing care and sending them back in due time into its throbbing 
 life. This is, in part, the inter-relation of city and university. 
 
 ‘‘ At the gateway of this land of promise, guardian and toll- 
 taker of the throngs which soon will crowd the highway to and 
 fro, stands the gracious figure of New Orleans. The old New 
 
8 
 
 Orleans will never be again. The new day that dawns upon her 
 will not be forgetful of, but fairer and richer because of it. 
 
 ‘The University needs a great city at her gates as an object 
 lesson to her students. She does not desire to take them apart 
 from men amid clouds of intellectual transfiguration, but to stand 
 with them on a plane of common life, where men must work and 
 play, love and hate, laugh and weep — the world where they are 
 to live and do their day’s work. 
 
 ‘‘T can not imagine a finer, a more fitting coronet with 
 which this splendid metropolis may crown the glory of the 
 brilliant past than to adopt this University as her own, to take 
 its place as the keystone in the arch of her larger life. To pour 
 some of her increasing wealth not into its treasury, but through 
 its lecture room, laboratories, libraries, forges — transmuting 
 their gold and silver, aye, and copper, too, into character, scholar- 
 ship, social righteousness, and minting the trained manhood and 
 cultured womanhood, for which long may this University stand !’’ 
 
 ADDRESS OF JUDGE CHARLES E. FENNER, 
 
 PRESIDENT OF THE BOARD OF ADMINISTRATORS. 
 
 The Administrators of the Tulane Educational Fund are a 
 body of citizens selected originally by Paul Tulane, as the 
 Trustees, through whom he made to the people of Louisiana, 
 and especially to the people of New Orleans his magnificent gift 
 of One Million Dollars, to be used for the purpose of educating 
 the youth of the City and State. 
 
 Amongst the earliest acts which were passed by the first 
 legislature of Louisiana, away back yonder in 1805, was an act 
 for the establishment of a university in the City of New Orleans. 
 From that date to the present hour, the State in her constitutions 
 and legislation has recognized the importance of establishing and 
 maintaining a university in the City of New Orleans. The 
 
9 
 
 State, in 1847, established in this city the University of Louisiana, 
 and made large appropriations of money and property for its 
 support, but they were utterly inadequate to accomplish the 
 purpose ; and up to the time when Paul Tulane made his great | 
 donation, the task of establishing a true University in the A 
 of New Orleans seemed indeed hopeless. 
 
 The gift of Paul Tulane offered a golden key for the solu- 
 tion of this vast problem. 
 
 In 1884 was passed that immortal legislative contract 
 between the State of Louisiana and the Administrators of the 
 Tulane Educational Fund, by which the State constituted those 
 Administrators as the permanent Administrators of the University 
 of Louisiana, and turned over to them all of its rights, privileges 
 and immunities, and all of its property and equipments, and 
 granted them exemption from all taxation, upon the condition 
 and consideration, that not only the property received from 
 the State of Louisiana, but all the reventies of the property re- 
 ceived from Paul Tulane, should, in the language of the act, 
 ‘“‘be exclusively dedicated to the service of the State in maintain- 
 ing and developing the University of Louisiana,’’ and, in the 
 further language of the act, ‘‘ with full power to create and 
 develop a great university in the City of New Orleans;’’ and 
 upon the further consideration that the said Board should give 
 continuously in the Academic Department free tuition to one 
 student from each Senatorial and each representative district or 
 parish. 
 
 In honor of Paul Tulane, the name of the University of 
 Louisiana was changed to the Tulane University of Louisiana. 
 
 This act was submitted as a constitutional amendment to the 
 people of the State, and was ratified and approved by a nearly 
 unanimous vote. 
 
 The Administrators of the Tulane Educational Fund, thus 
 converted into Administrators of the Tulane University of 
 
Io 
 
 Louisiana, entered upon the gigantic task confided to them, and 
 have devoted to its accomplishment all the time, thought, and 
 energy of which they were capable. 
 
 Not long afterwards, a noble woman, Mrs. Josephine Louise 
 Newcomb, made to these Administrators munificent gifts aggre- 
 gating about One Million of Dollars, and at her death bequeathed 
 to them her whole estate exceeding Two Million Dollars, to be 
 devoted to the exclusive purpose of establishing and maintaining 
 a Woman’s Department in the University, which is known as 
 the H. Sophie Newcomb College. 
 
 Another noble woman, Mrs, Richardson, gave to those 
 Administrators a sum exceeding One Hundred and Forty 
 ‘Thousand Dollars, to be used exclusively for the benefit of the 
 Medical Department of the University. 
 
 More recently Alexander Hutchinson bequeathed to the 
 Board about Eight Hundred Thousand Dollars to be devoted 
 exclusively to the Medical Department. 
 
 Mrs. Caroline Tilton made to the Administrators a gift of 
 Fifty Thousand Dollars for the building of a Library for the 
 University. 
 
 Other generous citizens, men and women, have from time 
 to time made donations of various kinds, for specific purposes, 
 whose names form a list too long for present enumeration, but 
 who do not the less on that account deserve and receive our 
 gratitude. 
 
 This is a grand endowment for a University, and if the whole 
 revenues of the funds were subject to the control of the Admin- 
 istrators, to be used for supplying the general needs of the 
 University in all its departments, according to the discretion of 
 the Administrators, possibly the appeal we are now about to 
 make might be of less urgency, but it is to be remembered that 
 these are trust funds, and the Administrators have no power to 
 use them for any purpose other than the specific purpose to 
 which they were dedicated by the donors. 
 
II 
 
 The University is divided into five departments, to-wit : 
 
 The University Department, the Medical Department, the 
 Academic Department, the Law Department, and the Woman’s 
 Department. 
 
 If, as we do not doubt, we shall receive the munificent 
 bequest of Mrs. Newcomb, the Woman’s Department will be 
 placed beyond all need of further assistance, at least for the 
 present. It has already an attendance of pay students testing 
 the capacity of its accommodation, and when these shall be 
 enlarged and expanded, I prophesy that in ten years it will have 
 an attendance of a thousand students, representing the best 
 womanhood of the entire south. 
 
 The Medical Department with its able faculty and unrivaled 
 clinical advantages has to-day five hundred pay students, and I 
 predict that in less than ten years it will have an attendance of 
 one thousand students, and will stand in every respect as the 
 center of medical education in the south, and in the front rank 
 with the foremost institutions of the country. While there is 
 hardly any limit to its needs of further donations, it is for the 
 present safely self-supporting. 
 
 The Law Department undoubtedly needs a complete re- 
 organization, and, for that purpose, urgently requires a large 
 endowment. The peculiar system of law which prevails in 
 Louisiana makes it the only institution where Louisiana lawyers 
 can be properly educated. It is so peculiarly and distinctly 
 essential to the State of Louisiana to have an institution in 
 which her youth may be educated to fill worthily the positions of 
 judges, legislators and leaders of her people, that it is confidently 
 believed that the State will see the necessity of making adequate 
 provisions for the reorganization, support, and development of 
 this department. 
 
 What I have to say to you on this occasion concerns partic- 
 ularly the Academic Department of the University, including 
 the University Department proper. 
 
12 
 
 The Academic Department may be called the trunk of the 
 University tree,—the backbone of the University body,—the 
 corner stone of the University structure. It is the democratic 
 soul of the University; it is the department which addresses 
 itself to supplying the higher educational needs of the whole 
 people without distinction of classes; it furnishes the training 
 which is needed by every citizen, whatever career he may elect 
 to pursue, whether as lawyer, doctor, minister, teacher, engineer, 
 merchant, planter, or any other of the multitudinous avocations 
 of life. It furnishes in short, and above all, the training needed. 
 to equip every citizen for the best performance of the highest 
 duties of citizenship. 
 
 This was undoubtedly the training which Paul Tulane had 
 in view when he made his munificent donation for the education 
 of the youth of Louisiana. This is unquestionably the training 
 which the State had primarily in view in its act constituting the 
 Tulane University of Louisiana, as conclusively evidenced by the 
 fact that all the free scholarships provided by the act are 
 expressly required to be free scholarships in the Academic 
 Department. 
 
 Profoundly impressed with these views, the Administrators 
 have, from the first, felt it to be their duty to devote, as far as 
 possible, the whole avails of the Tulane Endowment to the 
 maintainence and development of the Academic Department. 
 No one in the least acquainted with the financial requirements of 
 a modern university can fail to recognize the large expenditures 
 which are needed to maintain such an institution. The needs 
 are unlimited. Even those universities which have many millions 
 of endowment, and immense revenues from tuition, find them 
 inadequate to supply all these needs. 
 
 We have not aspired to do more than to supply the absolute 
 necessities of the Academic Department, and with our best efforts 
 we find ourselves to-day in the position of being compelled to 
 
 . 
 
13 
 
 announce that the means under our control are not sufficient to 
 supply even these necessities. 
 
 I shall not trouble you with any details of figures, but shall 
 simply state in a general way the financial results of the adminis- 
 tration of this department. 
 
 It has but two sources of revenue : 
 
 First—The revenues of the property constituting the Tulane 
 Fund. 
 
 Second—The revenues from tuition. . 
 
 The revenues from the first source are largely reduced by the 
 expense of repairs, insurance, and administration which must be 
 paid. 
 
 The revenues from tuition are largely reduced by the number 
 of free scholarships. We had in that department last year two 
 hundred and thirty-eight students; of these, one hundred and 
 sixty-six held free scholarships, leaving only seventy-two pay 
 students. If the whole two hundred and thirty-eight students 
 had been paying students, the revenues would have been sufficient 
 to meet the expenses of the department for that year, but with only 
 seventy-two paying students, they were absolutely insufficient. 
 
 The result is, that for several years the revenues have fallen 
 short of the expenditures, and the administration has resulted in 
 a deficit each year. In this situation we are confronted with the 
 ‘question, what are we going to do? 
 
 To permit this annual deficit to continue, means simply the 
 gradual eating up of the endowment, which would be unwise and 
 unjust, and which, indeed, under the terms of Mr..Tnlane’s 
 donation, we have no right to do. 
 
 It follows that we must either reduce our expenditures, or 
 find some means of increasing our revenues. 
 
 How are we to reduce our expenditures? We cannot leave 
 our property, which consists mainly of improved real estate, 
 uninsured ; we are bound to have it looked after and administered. 
 We must care for our University grounds and buildings; we 
 
14 
 
 must maintain and keep in running order the machinery, and the 
 fuel, light, and water plants, which we have established there. 
 We must meet all the various contingent expenses which are 
 inevitable. All these are expenses which must be met, and 
 which we have reduced to the most economical basis consistent 
 with proper administration. 
 
 The largest item of expenditures is the salaries paid to the 
 teaching force, which amounts alone to $52,487.31, exclusive of 
 the President’s salary, which is assigned to the item of adminis- 
 tration and is paid proportionately by all the departments. 
 
 The teaching force consists of twenty-eight professors, 
 assistant professors, and instructors, men of the highest ability 
 and culture. These receive an average remuneration of about 
 Eighteen Hundred Dollars per annum. ‘To talk about reducing 
 this beggarly pittance is simply farcical. It is our deepest regret 
 that our means do not permit us to increase it. It should be 
 increased, and whenever our means permit, it will be. 
 
 Can we reduce the number of this teaching force? It re- 
 quires as large a force for 250 students as it would for 500. It 
 
 is already insufficient, and in sore need of increase in various 
 departments. 
 
 The question then still presses,—what are we to do? 
 
 When Dr. Alderman assumed the Presidency of the University, 
 he encountered this deficit problem, and sought to solve it by 
 organizing what was called ‘‘a citizens’ fund,’’ by obtaining sub- 
 scriptions from a few liberal citizens. By great effort, through 
 the exertion of his personal magnetism and the co-operation of 
 the Progressive Union and other public-spirited citizens, he 
 succeeded in raising Fifteen Thousand Dollars the first year. 
 During the second year, the collection fell to seven thousand 
 dollars. This method is unsatisfactory. It requires an annual 
 struggle to keep it up; it imposes a burden upon a few public- 
 spirited citizens, which should be shared by a large number. 
 
15 
 
 We have now called here the distinguished gentleman who 
 is to be inaugurated to-day as President of the University, and 
 upon whom we have imposed the task of conducting its affairs as 
 its executive head. He finds himself confronted with this same 
 deficit, which, unless removed, must paralyze his efforts. We 
 feel it our duty to find some way of removing this obstacle from 
 his path. 
 
 Under these circumstances, we have concluded to appeal to 
 the people of New Orleans and of the State, and we believe we 
 have the right to appeal to them. ‘They are, after all, the most 
 immediate beneficiaries of the trust which has been confided to 
 us, to build up a great University in the City of New Orleans. 
 
 It is not needful, nor have I the time, to dwell upon the 
 enormous benefits,—moral, intellectual, and material,—such an 
 institution will confer upon the people of New Orleans and upon 
 their descendants to the remotest generation. 
 
 There is not a city in the land, of the size of New Orleans, 
 which does not recognize the immense advantages of having such 
 an institution in its midst, and whose people are not always 
 ready to contribute liberally to its support. New Orleans stands 
 to-day upon the verge of an era of enormous development in 
 wealth and prosperity. The energies of her people, which have 
 been so long dormant, are at last fully aroused, and are devoted 
 to the task of making New Orleans what she ought to be —a 
 truly great city, the metropolis of the South, and its most con- 
 spicuous leader and representative. 
 
 Not one of the elements which go to make the true greatness 
 of a city is of more importance than the establishment and main- 
 tenance of a great university. I quote from an address, recently 
 made by the President of the Progressive Union, in which, after 
 foreshadowing the material greatness in store for New Orleans, 
 he said : 
 
 “It is evident, however, that unless our progress in the arts and 
 sciences, in moral and mental culture, in all that makes for the higher type 
 
16 
 
 of man, and the higher life of a city, keep pace with our material progress, 
 our city can never take rank as a truly great city. 
 
 ‘“To deserve and retain our claim to be the metropolis of the South, we 
 must lead, not only in commerce, but in all the higher attributes, and we 
 look to the alumni of Tulane, specially fitted by the high moral atmosphere 
 of their college life and their mental development, to take a leading part in 
 all earnest work which will tend to the upbuilding of our city.”’ 
 
 I am sure that this exalted sentiment will find an echo in the 
 mind and heart of every worthy citizen of New Orleans. 
 
 We propose to make an effort to rally to the support of the 
 University the great mass of our people. We propose to organize 
 a movement which will place it in the power of every citizen, 
 whether of large or of moderate means, to contribute to its 
 support, in proportion to his means. 
 
 For this purpose, we propose that a corporation shall be 
 organized under the name of ‘‘ Citizens’ Auxiliary Association to 
 the Tulane University of Louisiana,’’ and call upon the people to 
 become members of this corporation. The fees of membership 
 shall be annual dues of ten dollars for each membership, allowing 
 to every person the privilege of taking as many memberships as 
 he chooses, thus enabling all to contribute in proportion to their 
 means and desires. The dues thus collected annually are to be 
 appropriated to the University through its administrators. The 
 business of the corporation will be managed by an Executive 
 Committee of representative citizens, who will see to the procur- 
 ing of members, the collection of the annual dues, and all other 
 business matters. 
 
 Is there a citizen of even the most moderate means who will 
 not be willing to contribute the sum of ten dollars per year 
 towards the support of the University? Are there not very many 
 who will take a larger number of memberships ? 
 
 If the people shall respond to this appeal, and join in the 
 movement, it will afford a permanent solution of the difficulties 
 with which we are confronted; it will set the University on a 
 
17 
 
 steady march of progrese, and will bring to a glorious fruition 
 the hopes of the founders of the University, in whose memory the 
 exercises of this day are held. We appeal to the citizens of New 
 Orleans and of the State to rally to this movement, and to make 
 the list of members of this Citizens’ Auxiliary Association a Roll 
 of Honor from which every citizen will feel ashamed that his 
 name should be absent. 
 
ADDRESS OF 
 
 PRESIDENT CRAIGHEAD 
 
 It is not in my own name, but in the name of learning, 
 that I thank you one and all alike for these kindly greetings and 
 the favor of your presence. You are here, not to honor an 
 individual, but to attest your appreciation of the cause he repre- 
 sents — a cause as sacred as the rights of man. Not for my own 
 sake, but for the sake of that cause you will, I trust, hear 
 patiently the discussion that follows: ‘The University and New 
 Orleans, the University and Louisiana. 
 
 The occasion that calls us together demands the utmost 
 plainness of speech. We are approaching a crisis in our educa- 
 tional history. It is no time for the tossing of bouquets, for the 
 exchange of pleasing compliments and fine phrases. The best 
 that I can do for you is to express my thoughts freely, and the 
 best that you can do for me is to give me the utmost stretch of 
 your magnanimity. A son of Louisiana might well without 
 offense give utterance to thoughts that would scarcely be wel- 
 comed from the lips of a stranger or a foreigner. But I do not 
 feel myself a stranger among you, for the people of Louisiana 
 have the rare and gracious tact of making newcomers feel at 
 home. Still less am I a foreigner. It is true that I come from a 
 distant state, from a land whose patron saint, her maligners tell 
 us, is the notorious outlaw, Jesse James, but remember, I pray 
 you, Missouri is the daughter of Louisiana. Always have I been 
 proud to call myself a son of the greater Louisiana, nor shall I 
 ever cease to esteem it rare good fortune to live and to labor in 
 this, the ancient capital of my fatherland. 
 
19 
 
 There was a time, we are told in that charming volume, 
 ““ New Orleans, the Place and the People,’’ when the city counted 
 for aid on Missouri and the great West, nor did she count in vain. 
 There was a time when Missouri and the great West were 
 tributary to this city. Missouri and the great West still belong 
 to New Orleans, not alone by the right of inheritance, but by the 
 gift of God. There was a time when New Orleans fought for the 
 control of the vast and growing commerce of the Mississippi 
 Valley. The time is coming—it is not far distant—-when a ship 
 canal shall unite the waters of the two great oceans, and then 
 shall New Orleans fight once again and victoriously for the trade 
 of the Mississippi and for her just proportion of the commerce of 
 Cuba, of Mexico, of South America and of the Orient. ‘Thomas. 
 Jefferson’s prophecy that New Orleans would one day be the 
 greatest city of the American Union may not be realized—cer- 
 tainly not in our day—but it is altogether reasonable to hope that 
 within the next twenty-five years your eyes shall look out upon 
 a splendid metropolis, not of three hundred thousand but of a 
 million inhabitants. 
 
 New Orleans and the University—that is my theme. New 
 Orleans needs this University ; this University needs New Orleans. 
 The one is vitally interested in the growth of the other, because 
 a metropolis is the fittest home for the modern university. 
 Henceforth the future belongs to the urban university — the 
 university situated in the great city, which pulsates with the 
 tireless throb of trade, which breathes the larger life of letters, of 
 art, of commerce, of social service, Such a city is itself the best. 
 of all laboratories for the advanced student in law, in medicine, 
 in music, in art, in engineering, in architecture, in sociology, in 
 education, in linguistics, and in letters. Hither throng the great 
 experts, the jurists, the physicians, the artists, the architects, the 
 engineers, the educators, the theorists, the dreamers, the poets, 
 and the seers. Here are museums and hospitals and libraries and 
 theatres and learned societies and vast enterprises, the ceaseless 
 
20 
 
 whirl and stir of humanity, all creeds and tongues, all hopes and 
 dreams, that stir and thrill the soul of man. Here converge the 
 
 .. great railway lines, the endlessly ramified arteries of commerce. 
 
 Hither from remotest shores come ships freighted with the pro- 
 ducts of the toil and skill of foreign lands. We watch them as 
 they come. and go, these floating palaces of the sea, and our 
 imaginations are fired and our souls are thrilled with the thought 
 that all humanity is one and inseparable, bound together in the 
 indissoluble ties of friendship and commerce. How doubly dead 
 the soul of youth, who, living amid such inspiring scenes, does 
 not see visions and dream dreams ! 
 
 It will be said that the temptations of the city are great, 
 and indeed they are. But great as are the tempations of vice, 
 greater still are the incentives to virtue. Danger we must face at 
 every step, or wage war on life itself. In this connection it may 
 not be amiss to quote a few lines from the inaugural address of 
 my predecessor : 
 
 ‘“A college is the safest place in the world to spend one’s 
 youth, and there are no safer colleges than those which stand in 
 great cities, in touch with reality, inspired by civic ideals and 
 restrained by civic laws. The city college is no place for a 
 weakling. But there is no place for a weakling. I dare to say 
 that the morals of city institutions are better than those of rural 
 institutions.’’ 
 
 It may indeed be urged with considerable force that the 
 country is the ideal place for the academy, the town the fittest 
 place for the college ; but it will be very generally conceded that 
 the modern university finds its fittest home in the metropolis girt 
 about by the roar of the world’s contending hosts. Boulogna, 
 Paris, Berlin, Leipsic, Leyden, Oxford, Edinburgh, in the old 
 world, and Harvard, Columbia, Pennsylvania, Chicago, California, 
 Johns Hopkins, in the new, owe to their unrivaled locations in or 
 near great cities much of their fame and influence as foci of 
 education. ‘This University also has grown to be the largest and 
 
21 
 
 the most influential in the Southwest mainly because of her 
 fortunate situation in this, the chief city of that region. It was 
 President Nicholas Murray Butler, and before him your own 
 President William Preston Johnston, who declared that there 
 were five predestined seats;of leading American universities — 
 Boston, New York, Chicago, San Francisco, and New Orleans. 
 
 Not only, however, does the University need the city ; the 
 city needs the University. Measured in dollars and cents, this 
 seminary is of no inconsiderable value to New Orleans. If Nash- 
 ville and Tennessee find it to their interest to offer three-fourths 
 of a million dollars for the Peabody Normal, it is not unreasonable 
 to estimate in millions Tulane’s importance to this city. I shall 
 not, however, offend the intelligence of this culture-loving people 
 by taking into account such mercenary considerations. Not for 
 one million, nor for a hundred million, nor for any merely mon- 
 etary consideration, could New Orleans afford to give up this 
 University and the cause for which it stands; for that cause is the 
 larger and the richer and the total life of this community, and, 
 after all, ‘‘ there is no real wealth but life.”’ 
 
 WEALTH AND GREATNESS 
 
 We talk of great cities and our thoughts turn to London, 
 to New York, to Chicago; but let us not confound extent of 
 wealth or population with greatness. That city is greatest which 
 ‘¢ furnishes the most abundant life to the largest number of human 
 beings.’’ ‘‘To buy and sell,’’ says Victor Hugo, ‘‘that is not 
 all. ‘Tyre bought and sold, Sidon bought and sold, Sarepta sold 
 and bought. Where are those cities? Gone, like a dream. 
 Athens taught and she is to this day the intellectual capital of 
 the world.”’ 
 
 Is New Orleans to become an Athens or a Liverpool, famous 
 merely as a center of trade, or renowned also as a center of 
 intelligence ? 
 
22 
 
 I am not here to advertise the latest importation from 
 Paris, the doctrine of Pastor Wagner, who fain would ‘roll the — 
 centuries back and live again the simple, joyous life of which the 
 poets sing, when all the world was young.’ The absurdest of all 
 wars is the war on wealth. May New Orleans have many 
 millionaires. ‘They are the mighty levers for the uplift of society. 
 With unlimited opportunities within her grasp, New Orleans 
 ought to become — it would be to herown eternal shame not to 
 become — the richest city of the richest valley in the world. To 
 our captains of industry, to our energetic and enterprising men 
 of wealth whose genius is doing much to restore to this city her 
 rightful place among the chief cities of the Union, let us all say 
 Godspeed. Give back to New Orleans what was swept from her 
 by fire and flood and sword and, more than all else, by mis- 
 government. May they redeem, even as they are fast redeeming, 
 and in tenfold measure, her commercial pre-eminence and her 
 industrial prestige. All this must be done and certainly will be 
 done; but neither will the rest be left undone. Your presence 
 here to-day is a promise and a pledge that you are solemnly re- 
 solved to make yours acity of the soul; to bind her brow with 
 the triple crown of commerce and of industry and of art; to cast 
 abroad from her creScent over all this valley the lines of her 
 trade, but, still more, the spell of her learning, her literature, 
 her science, her intellectual and spiritual power. 
 
 But I must hasten on to the second part of this address — 
 The University and the State of Louisiana. The legal title of 
 this institution, ‘The Tulane University of Louisiana, has, in one 
 essential respect, been unfortunate and misleading. Tulane is 
 an almost fatally fine and inevitable abbreviation; but it is not 
 the Tulane University, located in Louisiana, as is generally con- 
 cluded by people living in other states and possibly by many 
 persons in our own state unacquainted with our educational 
 history; it is the University of Louisiana, established by the 
 Legislature of the State in 1847, and later called the Tulane 
 
23 
 
 University of Louisiana, in honor of Paul Tulane. 
 
 Such prefixing of epithets is not unprecedented nor un- 
 common. ‘In like manner the State Agricultural and Mechanical 
 College of South Carolina which receives from the State an 
 annual income of more than $50,000, is called Clemson College, 
 in honor of Mr. Clemson, son-in-law of John C. Calhoun, who 
 gave $100,000 toward its founding ; the Normal and Industria 
 College of South Carolina, supported by an annual appropriation 
 from the State is called ‘‘Winthrop’’ merely in honor of Mr. 
 Winthrop, who made no contribution to it whatever; the State 
 University of New York is called simply Cornell, in honor of the 
 man who gave largely and generously to its endowment. 
 
 The legal title, however, must appear exceedingly appro- 
 priate and suggestive to persons familiar with the history of this 
 institution. There may, however, be present those less acquainted 
 with the facts, and for the benefit of those it seems in place on 
 this occasion to recount briefly the story of the Tulane bequest. 
 
 At an opportune time when the despoiler had been driven 
 from the land, and the people had once again won the right to live 
 and labor and enjoy the fruits of their labor, Paul Tulane came 
 forward with the outstretched hand of help. Never was there a 
 timelier, nobler gift to a nobler cause. To a people poverty- 
 stricken and taxridden, but unbroken in spirit, who had just 
 shaken off the hideous nightmare of reconstruction, he said in 
 simple, noble speech, ‘‘ A million is yours. Use it, not for the 
 glory of the giver, but for the moral and intellectual culture of 
 your people.’’ And so the Administrators of the Tulane Fund, 
 unhampered by any annoying restrictions whatsoever, determined 
 not to found a private or independent university bearing the 
 name of Tulane, but with marvelous magnanimity and foresight 
 proposed to the State to use the entire income for the develop- 
 ment of an old and honorable institution, the University of 
 Louisiana. ‘The State, with equal foresight and wisdom, accepted 
 the gift on the terms proposed. Thus was made between the 
 
24 
 
 Administrators and the State the celebrated compact, afterwards 
 incorporated in the Constitution of 1884, and again ratified in the 
 Constitution of 1898, which, in section 5, reads as follows: 
 
 ‘‘Be it further enacted, etc., That in consideration of the 
 agreement of said Board to develop and maintain the University 
 of Louisiana, and thereby dedicate its revenues not to purposes 
 of private or corporate income or profit, but to the public purposes 
 of developing and maintaining the University of Louisiana, all 
 the property of the said board, present and future, be and the 
 same is hereby recognized as exempt from all taxation, state, 
 parochial and municipal.’’ 
 
 In Section 4 the agreement reads as follows : 
 
 ‘Be it further enacted, etc., That in honor of Paul Tulane, 
 and in recognition of his beneficent gifts and of their dedication 
 to the purposes expressed in this act, the name of the University 
 of Louisiana be, and the same is hereby changed to that of the 
 Tulane University of Louisiana, under which name it shall possess 
 all the powers, privileges, immunities, and franchises, now vested 
 in the University of Louisiana, as well as such powers as may 
 flow from this act, or may be vested in said board, under the 
 terms of this act, from the adoption of the constitutional amend- 
 ment hereafter referred to.’’ 
 
 Here, my friends, was the largest gift that had ever been 
 made by one person at one time toastate university. Since that 
 time the following bequests have been added: Mrs. Josephine 
 Louise Newcomb, $3,283,696.15; Mrs. Ida A. Richardson, 
 $141,375; Mrs. Caroline S. Tilton, $52,000; Mr. Alexander C. 
 Hutchinson, $800,000; Dr. A. B. Miles, $10,000; scholarships, 
 $18,757. In addition to these gifts, aggregating about $5,500,- 
 ooo, more than one hundred beneficent people have given 
 generously to the University. Never before in the history of 
 American education have the citizens of a war-wasted state 
 voluntarily contributed so largely in so short a time toa state 
 
25 
 
 educational institution. This is really something to be proud of. 
 
 But what has the State of Louisiana given during the past 
 twenty years for the support of her University of Louisiana at 
 New Orleans? Nothing whatever, It will be claimed that in 
 exempting the University’s real and other estate from taxation, 
 the State, in so doing, is making that institution her beneficiary. 
 But those who make this claim do so on the assumption that 
 this is a private or independent university, forgetting the fact 
 that the entire income of the Tulane and other bequests is used 
 and must be used solely for the support and maintenance of the 
 University of Louisiana. Thus it is the state that is the 
 beneficiary of these bequests. But if this were an independent 
 foundation like Johns Hopkins, the state would still be the 
 beneficiary of the Tulane bequest, and not this bequest the 
 beneficiary of the state, for this University offers annually two 
 hundred and twenty-five free scholarships. ‘To educate a youth 
 at Tulane costs more than $400 a year, a considerable sum, it is 
 true, but not more than at Harvard or Yale, or the great state 
 universities. Thus while the Tulane bequest has exemption 
 from taxation on its productive real estate, amounting to $740,000, 
 a consideration equal to about $20,000, this same bequest provides 
 for two hundred and twenty-five free scholarships to the sons of 
 the state, a consideration equal to about $100,000 a year. 
 
 Johns Hopkins University, a strictiy private foundation, 
 having no connection with the state, has received through the 
 Legislature of Maryland during the past eight years $248,000, an 
 average annual appropriation of $31,000, though Hopkins offers, 
 in recognition of this aid, only twenty free scholarships to 
 Maryland students. ‘This appropriation for the past two years 
 has been $50,000 annually, without increase in free scholarships. 
 But Johns Hopkins is a private foundation, whereas Tulane is 
 and always must be the University of Louisiana. 
 
 But some one may say, did not the administrators agree 
 to maintain the institution for all time to come on the income 
 
26 
 
 from the Tulane bequest? It may be true that the administrators, 
 assured of additional gifts from Paul Tulane, which, for some 
 reason, never came, did think that they would be able to support 
 the institution without state aid, and hence the following clause 
 in that celebrated agreement : 
 
 ‘The said board further agree and bind themselves to 
 waive all legal claims upon the State of Louisiana for any appro- 
 priations as provided in the Constitution of this State in favor of 
 the University of Louisiana.’’ 
 
 Very well, the administrators can make no legal claim upon 
 the state for a definite appropriation; but neither can the 
 regents of the University of Virginia, nor of Alabama, nor of 
 Texas, nor of Missouri, make any legal claim or demand upon 
 the legislatures of those states for definite appropriations. This 
 University stands in substantially the same relation to Louisiana. 
 I can find no reason for believing that the administrators ever 
 promised to support throughout all generations the institution 
 from the Tulane and other bequests, and, if they had, it must 
 still be clear as noonday that these promises could in no way 
 forbid future generations to maintain their own University, for 
 the simple reason that this University is the child of the state, 
 and while the state has the right to withhold her support, yet she 
 has an equal and inalienable right, not to say duty, to support 
 that child as generously as she can. 
 
 Let us, however, pass over all such considerations, as 
 wholly unworthy the serious attention of the patriotic people, 
 and let us ask the all-inclusive question: Whether it is to the 
 high interest, the glory, the renown of Louisiana to foster and 
 maintain a great university ? 
 
 My friends, there is, there can be, but one answer. A 
 really great institution of learning which shall be to this genera- 
 tion and the generations to come what the University of Virginia 
 was to the whole ante bellum South, would do more to restore to 
 the Southern people their lost leadership in the affairs of this 
 
27 
 
 nation than all other agencies combined. Such a university, 
 taking rank with Oxford and Berlin and Edinburgh and Har- 
 vard, would put into our keeping the keys of knowledge, would 
 put into our hands the sceptre of dominion. It would give us 
 intellectual, if not political, supremacy. Such a university is 
 nowhere yet to be found in the South; but here in our own 
 midst is its promise and its potency, in the Tulane University of 
 Louisiana. 
 
 Louisiana, I had almost said the South, has one oppor- 
 tunity and only one to develop upon her own soil and in the near 
 future a world-famed university. She has only to build wisely 
 and generously upon the broad and substantial foundation already 
 laid in the bequest of Paul Tulane. 
 
 It would cost the state many million dollars and a half cen- 
 tury’s effort to build up in any other city what the Tulane 
 University of Louisiana already has in New Orleans. Her twenty 
 excellent buildings cost more than a million dollars. Her Medical 
 Department has the use of a great hospital, which institutions in 
 smaller cities can never have at any cost. The many courts, 
 state and federal, holding here frequent sessions, are to the Law 
 College what the hospitals are to the Medical. The Tulane, the 
 Newcomb, the Hutchinson, the Tilton, the Richardson, and 
 other bequests amount to about five and a half million dollars. 
 The Tulane University of Louisiana has, in all her departments, 
 about 1500 students. It is clear, therefore, that what other 
 states have paid millions of dollars to secure, Louisiana already 
 has, and that, too, with but trifling cost to the state herself. It 
 may, however, be said that it is wise to let well enough alone, 
 ' that the University is doing very well, that it is fabulously rich, 
 that it really does not need money. As compared with many of 
 the struggling colleges of the South, the Tulane University of 
 Louisiana is indeed well endowed. But as compared with the 
 great universities of the country she is deplorably poor. The 
 total present annual income in 1903-1904 from all sources is 
 
28 
 
 $218,343. The total present annual income of Harvard is a 
 million and a half dollars. It may be well to see what are the 
 annual incomes of some of the great State Universities : 
 
 The total annual income of the University of California 
 for 1903-1904 was $945,919, of Illinois $956,166, of Michigan 
 $787,302, of Wisconsin, $771,229, of Missouri $486,024. Indiana 
 has two Universities, one of which has an income of $246,690, 
 and the other of $171,872. Ohio has three Universities, one 
 having an income of $1,050,000, one of $135,142, and one of 
 $67,256. These figures speak for themselves. 
 
 Let me, therefore, face the facts, unpleasing though they 
 ’ may be, and confess that the Tulane University of Louisiana is 
 poor and desperately needy. Permit me to go a little into detail. 
 The Medical Department, which is soon to receive the Hutchinson 
 bequest of $800,000, is not in pressing need of help, though a 
 gift of $3,000,000 to this great college, now the largest in the 
 South, would enable it to become the peer of any competitor 
 in the world. The H. Sophie Newcomb College, the woman’s 
 department of the University, with its present endowment of 
 $750,000, is really hampered for lack of funds; but if the institu- 
 tion comes into possession of the two and a half million bequest 
 of Mrs. Newcomb (and of this we do not entertain a doubt) the 
 Newcomb will be the best endowed college for women on the 
 planet. It will be a fitting monument to the noble womanhood 
 of New Orleans, a city pre-eminently distinguished for the 
 culture, the generosity, and the charity of her women. Without 
 fear of successful contradiction, it may be affirmed that the 
 women of New Orleans have contributed more to the cause of 
 higher education in the past ten years than the women of any 
 other city of equal wealth and white population in the world. 
 Our Medical College and our department for women are, there- 
 fore, already fairly well provided for, but our ancient and 
 honorable Department of Law, organizedin 1847, has no home of 
 its own, and, having no endowment and no support from the 
 
29 
 
 state, is absolutely dependent upon tuition fees for support. 
 Here is an opportunity for some large-hearted, broad-minded man 
 to immortalize himself by giving upon its approaching semi-cen- 
 tennial a half million dollars to this, the only law college in the 
 country that bases, and must base, its course of instruction upon 
 the civil law, the Code Napoleon. But now comes the tragic part 
 of this statement. Does anyone believe that the body can thrive 
 and be strong while the heart is weak from inanition? Our 
 Academic Colleges, the very heart of the University, face an 
 annual shortage of $15,000. Three years ago, my predecessor, 
 embarrassed by this fact, appealed to the citizens of New Orleans 
 to contribute this amount annually. But, owing to death, 
 financial losses, and other causes, the total sum received from 
 this so-called citizens’ endowment fund for the present scholastic 
 year is far short of the sum originally pledged. Again will it be 
 necessary to appeal to citizens for aid, or scale the salaries, or 
 reduce the number of our professors. 
 
 NEED OF GYMNASIUM 
 
 Tulane is in sore need of a gymnasium, which the people 
 of New Orleans should build, and our library, the noble gift of a 
 generous woman, should be at once enlarged and endowed, 
 adequately to meet the needs of our professors and students. 
 These are only some of our pressing demands, not for growth, 
 but for bare subsistence. How shall they be met? ‘That is 
 the question which can not be blinked and can not be evaded —a 
 question that is at once a menace and a reproach. But must 
 the Tulane University of Louisiana remain forever dependent 
 for its annual support on the uncertain accident of private 
 benevolence? Shall the president spend his time tramping the 
 streets of New Orleans, begging the mere maintenance of an 
 all-important state institution, or shall the State herself add 
 
30 
 
 the strength of her own strong arm to the noble efforts of in- 
 dividuals? Shall we scale the salaries of professors, whereas the 
 salaries, all admit, are ridiculously small. No; for in so doing 
 we should lose our ablest professors ; and you will agree with me 
 that the sons of Louisiana no less than the sons of New England 
 are worthy of the best training of the best teachers. Enlightened 
 self-interest should come to our aid, for our people can not afford 
 to let the ablest of our professors leave New Orleans. This 
 brings me to a question of vital interest to the people of Louisiana. 
 It is said that, in many parts of the State, this University is 
 called, unjustly I am sure, an aristocratic institution, a school 
 for the sons of the rich. ‘This error is the very grossest. Tulane 
 University acknowledges no aristocracy but the aristocracy of 
 brains and character. ‘To the credit of the faculty, it can be said 
 that Gentile and Jew, Catholic and Protestant, rich and poor, 
 are treated with equal consideration. We have a permanent 
 committee on self-help and not a few of our students, among 
 them the most highly esteemed, support themselves in whole or 
 in part by their own efforts, with all possible encouragement 
 from the faculty. 
 
 But there is one thing we earnestly desire — to see the 
 Tulane University of Louisiana brought into closer touch with all 
 the people of Louisiana. Even if it were sailing upon the high 
 seas of wealth, instead of being in extreme financial straits, as is 
 the actual case, it would still be the part of mere worldly wisdom 
 for the state to contribute to her maintenance and development ; 
 for the University can never become endeared to the citizenship 
 of the state, the people can never come to feel the proper pride 
 and interest in the University as a part of themselves, as the 
 topmost flower of their higher life, as the goal of their ambition 
 for their sons and daughters, until they make it their own by 
 claiming some share in the glory of maintaining it at the highest 
 pitch of excellence. 
 
31 
 
 Shall we not, then, ask the State of Louisiana to make an 
 annual appropriation, not in consideration alone of the 225 free 
 scholarships annually given by the University, but to enable the 
 Administrators to put the tuition offered in our Department of 
 Arts and Sciences and technology within reach of every honest, 
 aspiring white youth within her borders. Let Louisiana do for 
 her University at New Orleans what she is already doing for her 
 University at Baton Rouge, what Virginia and Mississippi and 
 Texas and nearly all the other states of this Union, North and 
 South, are doing — offer here free tuition to all the sons of the 
 state. Is it possible that Louisiana will give annually $10,000 
 to the Southern University at New Orleans for the education 
 of the black boy, and yet will refuse to contribute a dollar 
 for the education of the white boy of promise, who can not 
 pay our tuition fees? I can not believe it. Is our law school 
 to struggle on year after year, absolutely dependent upon 
 tuition fees, or will the State make an adequate annual appro- 
 tion, and thus enable the administrators to raise the standard, to 
 employ professors who shall give their whole time to the students, 
 and to place this honorable institution among the first law schools 
 of the country? The New Orleans Bar Association has declared 
 its purpose to rally to its support. May we not reasonably hope 
 that the Louisiana bar, in vindication of a noble profession, will 
 join the movement ? 
 
 Are we to be told that Tulane, like Harvard, or Yale, or 
 Chicago, must count alone upon private benevolence? But these 
 are private foundations, whereas Tulane is the University of 
 Louisiana. Nor is this all. Massachusetts has given to Harvard 
 half a million dollars ; Connecticut, $200,000 to Yale ; Chicago is 
 indeed absolutely dependent, because this institution has behind 
 it the oceanic wealth of Mr. Rockefeller. The University of 
 Pennsylvania, a private foundation, having no connection with 
 the State, is asking the Legislature of Pennsylvania for an appro- 
 priation of $650,000. For the past ten years the Tennessee 
 
32 
 
 Legislature has appropriated annually $20,000 for the support of 
 the Peabody Normal. Not only that, the State of Tennessee 
 must immediately face the proposition of making an appropria- 
 tion of $250,000 to retain permanently the Peabody Normal 
 School. But all these are private foundations, whereas Tulane 
 is, I repeat, by the law and the Constitution, the University of 
 Louisiana. If these States find it to their highest interest 
 generously to support private foundations rendering great service 
 to the people, will Louisiana refuse any support to a great state 
 institution, and by such refusal strike her own right arm with 
 palsy? What other states are doing, Louisiana in proportion to 
 her wealth may also do. Of course, it has been whispered in my 
 ears that comparisons are always odious and offensive. But I 
 cannot, I will not believe that it will offend the good people of 
 Louisiana to be told what other states are doing. My friends, 
 there is absolutely no hope for a people who refuse to see what 
 the rest of the world is about. That for 200 years was the 
 attitude of Spain, and with what result? Let the great English 
 historian answer: ‘‘ Proud of her history, proud of the antiquity 
 of her opinions, proud of the purity of her faith, proud of the 
 persecuting zeal that guards it, she closes the rear in the march 
 of civilization.’’ Germany, France, Japan, America, every pro- 
 gressive country or state, is intensely interested in what the out- 
 side world is doing. Permit me, therefore, to present some in- 
 teresting facts, with no intention to offend the most supersensitive. 
 
 Fourteen states of the Union levy a mill tax, which brings 
 in a permanent support to their universities, and thereby relieves 
 the regents of the necessity of appealing to legislatures except 
 for special appropriations. 
 
 REVENUE OF UNIVERSITIES 
 
 The following universities receive from this source the sums 
 stated : 
 
a Bay er 2 tet COMES Cae RE OS i Na Ran ge a Re $309,779 
 ae Cala MM EES Le Rd i maa deen enc at eae See 140,000 
 Indiana— 
 
 EUG GARRITY PSs) ag aie SO ees ame aL a oe a Bie ee 123,471 
 
 PU ee) Pees ee Spc) Syig MO) EPS Bit ele ree eye. bean sey a sieles 
 PREECE Yimtate LOMere. kun esse Meat el a 35,000 
 (Ma aE Ge ACPA I By a Ue ee eae Bes Aine f ML 294,779 
 North Dakota............ . SABIE RES oe. a Ba a mien dat oS ai - 56,950 
 Ohio— 
 
 Sl Ne Rl hte FUR PA lei Uaioe BERN sh - 310,000 
 
 1 (LE ERG) Sa aie Onne ei yy Se ees aw ieee ea 710,000 
 
 coll oes ini Five a Ak beh a se ae teegn aah as Me 50,000 
 (A a (Ot ates oie SARE Ran sh allan a RR One eee RD 315,620 
 
 In addition to this permanent support, all, or nearly all, of 
 these institutions obtain from their legislatures special appro- 
 priations for special purposes. Permit me to be a little more 
 specific. Nebraska, a wild and woolly Western state, carved out 
 of a bleak and inhospitable corner of the original Louisiana 
 domain, a territory that, for years following the war, was 
 without railroads or factories, or large cities — Nebraska, with a 
 taxable wealth of $294,779,000, levies a one mill tax for the sup- 
 port of her university. Louisiana having an assessed property 
 valuation of $351,000,000 could, by levying an equal assessment, 
 secure for her higher institutions of learning a permanent annual 
 income of $351,000. Buta tenth of a mill tax, a tax of only 
 one dollar on $10,000, a tax that even a university professor 
 could pay without feeling it, even such a tax would yield from 
 forty to one hundred thousand a year and double the efficiency of 
 the Colleges of Arts and Sciences and Technology. 
 
 But we shall very properly be told that the comparison is 
 not just, because Nebraska is not compelled to fight the Missis- 
 sippi River, nor to bear the burden of an immense war debt. 
 Quite true; but let us hope for better things. Louisiana can not 
 
34 
 
 compel the federal government to lift from her the burden of an 
 unjust tax imposed during the reconstruction period, but now 
 that the South has a warm friend in President Roosevelt, she 
 might very hopefully ask the general government to take charge 
 of the Mississippi levees and thus enable the State to turn to the 
 support of higher learning the revenues derived from the one 
 mill levee tax. Three hundred years ago, the States of Holland 
 granted to the city of Leyden immunity from dyke taxation. 
 This was done in recognition of the patriotism and valor of her 
 citizens, who, though besieged for months, faced starvation 
 rather than surrender to the hated Spaniard. The people of 
 Leyden refused to be released from the tax, but asked, in recog- 
 nition of their services to the fatherland, for the establishment of 
 a university. Theirs was indeed a brave defense and worthy of 
 the recognition it received. But it was maintained for a few 
 months only, and when the Spaniard was beaten away, the 
 troubles of Leyden were over. But it is forty long years that 
 the people of New Orleans and the South have maintained an 
 heroic defense against poverty, against political punderers, against 
 floods of the Mississippi, and against the still more appalling 
 floods of ignorance and vice and crime let loose upon them by the 
 federal government in the emancipation of the four million slaves, 
 at once invested with all the rights of citizenship. For forty years 
 the South, with heroism and pluck and patriotism, has grappled 
 with these confounding problems with no aid from the general 
 government except somesmall, but substantial helpin maintaining 
 the Mississippi levees. May we not hope, therefore, that President 
 Roosevelt, descendant of those sturdy Hollanders, may recall the 
 generosity of his fatherland and urge on the American Congress 
 the duty of protecting a patriotic people against the floods of the 
 Mississippi ? 
 
 Be this as it may, of one thing we may be sure: We can 
 and we will solve our own problems, fight our own battles, and 
 carve out our own destiny. This world has always belonged and 
 
35 
 
 always will belong to the people who believe in themselves, who 
 have the courage to look facts in the face, to turn defeat into 
 victory, disaster into triumph. Who are they that redeemed 
 this land, sold to ruin and corruption? Not such as, when the 
 war was over, sat down amid the ashes of the past and wept and 
 wailed over dead and dying hopes, but the lion-hearted heroes 
 who ‘‘toiled and wrought and thought and ever with a frolic 
 welcome took the thunder and the sunshine’’; who, relying upon 
 themselves and God alone, returned to their desolated plantations 
 and abandoned cities, ‘‘made bricks without straw and spread 
 splendor amid the ruins of their war-wasted homes’’; who, when 
 endurance was a crime and resistance a virtue, arose in their 
 might and drove from their legislative halls a horde of greedy 
 carpet-baggers and ignorant freedmen. These men shed lustre on 
 the name and fame of Louisiana, because they relied upon the 
 strength of their own hearts and hands. A still greater_contest 
 now confronts us—a contest not for political, but for commercial 
 and educational independence. To whom must the South now 
 turn for succor in her fight for better schools, for freedom, for 
 civilization? To the clear-headed, broad-minded men and women 
 who live upon her soil, and to those alone. Not such as fold 
 their arms and wait for the bounty of the federal government, 
 not such as dream and pray that some multi-millionaire may 
 reach out to lift us from the slough of despond; not such as 
 implore some pitying hand of help to a people unable to help 
 themselves ; not upon any of these must the South depend in her 
 struggle for industrial and intellectual eminence. The South 
 must work out her own salvation. My faith in the future of 
 Louisiana is great, but no greater than my faith in the courage, 
 the pluck, the enterprise, the patriotism, the magnanimity of her 
 people. Far be it from me to disparage or depreciate the timely 
 assistance rendered our country in her hour of need by the large- 
 hearted men of the North, the Peabodys, the Vanderbilts, and 
 the rest, who, assuming no patronizing airs and imposing no 
 
36 
 
 humiliating conditions, gave bountifully to her rehabilitation. 
 Such noble benefactors the South will hold in everlasting re- 
 membrance. But, while thankfully receiving any educational 
 gift that may come from richer and more developed sections of 
 the Union, Louisiana may still boast that she is both able and 
 willing to educate her own children. 
 
 DUTY OF THE STATE 
 
 It has already been granted that Louisiana is bearing a 
 heavy burden of taxation. It must also be avowed that she 
 should not neglect, but should provide more generously for her 
 public schools, including her high schools, her normal and in- 
 dustrial schools, and her University and Agricultural and 
 Mechanical College at Baton Rouge. But Louisiana is neither 
 poor nor feeble. She bears her burdens lightly like the giant 
 she is; nay, her educational burdens she bears proudly like a 
 high leaping arch which is not crushed, but confirmed by the 
 superincumbent mass. Moreover, she is riding on the crest of 
 prosperity. A great future lies before her. With a climate as 
 genial as Italy’s, with a soil as rich as the Nile Valley, with 
 untold riches hid away in her oil fields, with a greater area of 
 oyster waters than that of all other states combined, the only 
 state traversed by the majestic Mississippi, looking out on the 
 great Gulf, Louisiana holds the wealth of a world within her 
 grasp. Within easy reach of Cuba and South America, she may, 
 unlike the great Northwest, ship to and from Europe what she 
 pleases without the consent of New York. Her railroads are 
 just celebrating a triumph over New York in the matter of 
 differential rates. Louisiana is the natural gateway between 
 Europe and the great Southwest. Of her twenty-eight million 
 acres, only five millions are under cultivation. Here are vast 
 stretches of land, now the breeding places of mosquitoes and 
 
Yi 
 
 malaria, which, when drained, may be turned not only into fields 
 and gardens of unsurpassed fertility, but into health resorts for 
 the less favored people of the frozen North. Compared with 
 Virginia, with Massachusetts, with Connecticut, Louisiana is 
 fabulously rich in opportunity. 
 
 But how may Louisiana grasp and improve her opportunity ? 
 The answer is immediate: By giving to her youth the best and 
 most practical industrial, as well as the highest scientific train- 
 ing. What West Point is to our army, what Annapolis is to our 
 navy, that and more her industrial schools at Lafayette and 
 Ruston, her Agricultural and Mechanical College and her ex- 
 periment stations, should be to industrial and commercial 
 Louisiana. Money wisely invested in these institutions is not 
 to be looked upon as a luxury, but as an investment promising 
 the largest dividends. Louisiana is indeed too poor not to 
 strengthen and fortify these bulwarks of her industrial interests. 
 Yea, were she as rich as New York, she could il! afford to neglect 
 the industrial training of her youth. But to render practical in- 
 dustrial training more and more efficient, there must be en- 
 couraged and fostered the high scientific training of the 
 University. Back of the industrial school is the University, 
 with its trained scientific workers struggling to enlarge the 
 world’s knowledge, and to add thereby to man’s dominion over 
 nature. The industrial schools are wholly excellent and essential, 
 but they are not nearly enough; without the University they are 
 like a body without asoul. The system of education is a cone, 
 not upheld at the base, but suspended from the vertex. If there 
 be any weakness and inadequacy there at the top, it will trickle 
 down through every round in widening streams to the very 
 bottom. ‘The loss that yearly falls upon this State from just 
 such causes — a loss preventable mainly or entirely by higher 
 and better and more general university training, and preventable 
 in no other way — this loss aggregates yearly enough to support 
 three universities. Hence it is that the intensely practical 
 
38 
 
 money-loving people of the Northwest have found the liberal 
 maintenance of their universities the best possible investment for 
 their money. Decisive proof is found in the fact that there is 
 never any going backward in appropriations for their universities. 
 They never repent having given so much; they always rejoice 
 and give more and more year after year. Thus ten or fifteen 
 years ago the State of Missouri gave grudgingly about $100,000 
 annually, now it gives gladly about $500,000. For anyone to 
 propose a reduction of university support in these states would 
 be to commit political suicide. 
 
 RIVALRY A PEACEFUL ONE 
 
 The rivalry that now calls us to action is a peaceful 
 rivalry, not one in which for the South to gain is for the North 
 to lose, but one that will help both North and South, both Kast 
 and West, the never-ending rivalry for educational advancement, 
 for supremacy in the things of the mind. So long as all the 
 great periodicals are published in the North, so long as the 
 Southern men feel forced to send their sons and daughters 
 Northward for the best collegiate or the highest university train- 
 ing, so long as our university boards are forced to fill their pro- 
 fessional chairs with men trained in Northern universities, whom 
 they do not know, rather than with men trained in our own 
 universities whom they do know —so long as the South 
 acknowledges this tutelage, ‘‘ never again can she wear the lofty 
 look of conscious independence.’’ ‘‘ Burning shame’’ (such are 
 the words of your own great citizen, Seargent Smith Prentiss )}— 
 ‘‘ Burning shame shall set its seal upon her brow, and, when her 
 proud sons go forth in other lands, they will cower beneath the 
 withering look of the stranger.’’ Let no one infer that we deem it 
 either desirable or patriotic to seek for our college and university 
 chairs only Southerners with Southern training. Far from it. 
 The Administrators of this University will never discredit her work 
 
39 
 
 by refusing proper recognition to her own worthy sons ; but they 
 will perpetuate, I trust, the wise policy inaugrated by President 
 Johnston and continued by President Alderman, of filling her 
 vacant chairs with the best available men and women, no matter 
 whence they come. We may go even further and hope that the 
 day may come when this University shall be able to call great 
 scholars from European seats of learning. Already have Berlin 
 and Harvard arranged for an exchange of professors. May we 
 not hope that the Tulane University will be able to make some 
 such exchange with the Sorbonne at Paris? That day will come 
 when some man, Frenchman or American, of prophetic vision, 
 shall immortalize himself by endowing our school of Romance 
 Languages — making New Orleans, so long famous for her devo- 
 tion to the beautiful language, and music, and opera of France, 
 as she ought to be, the unrivaled American centre for the study 
 of the literature of France, of Italy, and of Spain. 
 
 You will not fail to understand me when I say that we 
 hope the day may come when Harvard, Cornell, Yale and 
 Hopkins shall turn to Tulane for well-trained men, as Tulane 
 now turns to them; when French and German and English 
 students shall gather in New Orleans, even as our students now 
 flock to the venerable scholastic capitols of England and the 
 continent. Thus it is that Tulane aspires to become, not simply 
 a local, a sectional, but a national, a cosmopolitan university. 
 
 It will be said that Tulane is cherishing rather large hopes, 
 but all things are possible to them that believe. Assuredly 
 nothing great is possible to those of little faith. ‘‘ What men or 
 nations make of their material environment depends solely,’’ it is 
 said, ‘‘upon the ideas which they bring to the adventure. Small 
 ideas make a small, savage, primitive world. Great ideas make 
 Greece or America.’’ A hundred years ago Germany lay prostrate 
 under the iron heel of Napoleon, but in that hour of humiliation 
 and defeat, her statesmen, under the leadership of Stein and 
 Fichte and Humboldt, caught the vision of a greater Germany. 
 
40 
 
 Before the last Frenchman had departed from her capital, plans 
 were forming for the foundation of a great national university, a 
 university whose fame and influence are as wide as the world. 
 The triumph of her arms and the still greater triumph of her arts 
 and sciences justifies the wisdom of her course. 
 
 _ For a thousand years France has been a land rich in heroic 
 deeds, in story and in song ; but never in all her marvelous history 
 did her spirit and her fame shine more resplendent than in that 
 hour of degradation and defeat, when her statesmen, looking facts 
 fairly in the face, realized that the victory of Sedan had been 
 won in the schools of Germany ; that France had been conquered 
 not so much by William and Moltke, as by Fichte and Gauss and 
 Humboldt ; when the whole nation arose as one man, and rolling 
 off an immense war indemnity of a thousand million dollars, 
 began the work of national regeneration through her schools and 
 colleges and universities. That was statesmanship, that was 
 heroism, that was national glory, and the France of the republic 
 is greater and grander than the France of the empire. 
 
 These examples show beyond controversy that in matters 
 of education, at least, the deepest wisdom dwells with the highest 
 ambition, that it is the very climax of prudence to yoke your 
 chariot to.a star. 
 
 May the people of Louisiana in whose veins flows the best 
 blood. of the Old World, catching the inspiring vision of a 
 greater and grander Louisiana, arise in their united strength 
 and, scorning all compromises and humbler ideals, lay broad and 
 deep the foundations of a-complete educational system, sustained 
 by the State, reaching on unbroken, from kindergarten to The 
 Tulane University of Louisiana. 
 
AI 
 EXTRACTS FROM THE DAILY PRESS 
 
 Few men have ever entered upon the duties of an exalted office under 
 more auspicious circumstances than has President Craighead in assuming 
 the direction of the affairs of the Tulane University of Louisiana. The cele- 
 bration of Founder’s Day yesterday was participated in by a great gathering 
 of the intellectual men and women of New Orleans, and the new president 
 delivered his first address to the public of this city. In some degree the 
 president created a surprise. Every one credited him with ripe scholarship 
 naturally, for that quality goes with his office, to which he could never have 
 attained without superior classical education. But few persons in the large 
 audience expected to hear an orator, and an orator not of that decadent type 
 usually referred to as ‘‘silver tongued,’’ but rather an orator who makes 
 reason and knowledge the basis of his oratory. 
 
 The address of Dr. Craighead. which is printed in full elsewhere, will be 
 recognized as the effort of a scholarly man who has marshaled his facts with 
 rare judgment, and presented them in crisp and unadulterated language. 
 It is an address the like of which is rarely heard in these days of pedantic 
 persiflage. Under the touch of the orator even the dryest of statisties were 
 quickened and became sentient with pulsing life. Some of his sentences 
 deserve to be preserved among the aphorisms of the language, and the speech 
 in its entirety should not only be read but studied by the people of Louisiana. 
 
 Not the least striking part of the president’s address dealt with the 
 obligations of the State toward the university, which is a State institution, 
 and which receives no encouragement from the State. The president’s 
 remarks under this head are particularly pertinent and enlightening. He 
 shows what other States have done for similar institutions and what the 
 university here is doing for the State without recompense. Tulane is giving 
 a large number of free scholarships to the Commonwealth, which makes no 
 return except an immunity from taxation, which amounts to scarce one- 
 quarter of the value of the scholarships conferred. The largess of the 
 university is showered into the lap of the State, therefore, when the condition 
 should be exactly reversed. 
 
 Of the essential need of the institution — funds for the fuller endowment 
 of the academic and law departments — Dr. Craighead spoke most earnestly. 
 These branches of the university, he declared, are deplorably poor. If they 
 are to attain the broadest usefulness, a usefulness which will not only make 
 Tulane the unquestioned leader of the higher educational institutions of the 
 South, but one of the really great universities of the country, they must have 
 an endowment vastly more liberal than at present, His reference to this 
 
42 
 
 important matter produced a profound impression, and we believe that it will 
 not be long in bearing needful fruit. If anything is to be inferred from the 
 look of an audience sitting beneath the spell of an orato1, then the men and 
 women at the theatre were palpably inspired with the fullest sympathy with 
 the speaker’s view. As they listened to the cogent argument of the univer- 
 sity’s president, they seemed to glimpse the vista of greatness that would 
 open to the institution if only the one thing necessary, a sufficiency of re- 
 sources, was provided. And we are confident that, almost without exception, 
 they inly resolved not only to bring all their influence to bear to induce the 
 Legislature to make a proper appropriation for this great institution, but also, 
 as individuals, to do whatever lay within their power to realize a splendid 
 future for Tulane. 
 
 The address must be read in full that one may become acquainted with 
 its excellencies. All during its delivery at the theatre which took its name 
 from the university, the large audience of intellectual men and women was 
 held in the bonds of the speaker’s scholarly oratory, and the generous 
 applause which greeted his utterances was evidence of the fact that the 
 whole course of his argument was as appealing as it was masterly and eru- 
 dite. Tulane has added to its faculty not only ascholarly gentleman, but a 
 speaker and thinker who is destined to do much toward the uplifting of the 
 educational spirit and the intellectual life of the community. — ( Zimes 
 Democrat, March 17th, 1905). 
 
 TULANE’S GREAT DAY 
 
 The installation yesterday of Dr. Craighead as President of Tulane 
 University of Louisiana was held with due ceremonies and a great deal of 
 oratory. The abundant speech-making was not out of place, however, 
 because it served to call attention to interesting and important conditions. 
 
 These are first the radical changes that have taken place within a few 
 decades past in the entire theory of education, and the others are the inces- 
 sant demand for the sums of money for educational purposes. The ancient 
 idea was that great universities should be situated distant from great cities, 
 but while they were to be readily accessible to all who should seek their 
 services, they were to be located in some quite place, retired from the rush 
 and whirl of life, so that the attention of the students should not be disturbed 
 and distracted by the conditions iuseparable from vast aggregation of popu- 
 lation. It was on this idea that all the ancient and most famous universities 
 of Enrope were located. In this country the same rule was adopted until 
 within a recent period. But the modern method is radically different. It 
 was set forth yesterday in his address by President Craighoad, when he said : 
 
43 
 
 ‘‘Henceforth the future belongs to the urban university — the University 
 is situated in the great city, which pulsates with the tireless throb of trade, 
 which breathes the larger life of letters, of art, of commerce, of social service. 
 Such a city is itself the best of all laboratories for the advanced student in 
 law, in medicine, in muslc, in art, in engineering, in architecture, in sociology, 
 in education, in linguistics, and in letters. Hither throng the great experts, 
 the jurists, the physicians. the artists, the architects, the engineers, the 
 educators, the theorists, the dreamers, the poets and the seers. Here are 
 museums and hospitals and libraries and theatres and learned societies and 
 vast enterprises, the ceaseless whirl and stir of humanity, all creeds and 
 tongues, all hopes and dreams that stir and thrill the soul of man. Here 
 converge the great railway lines, the endlessly-ramified arteries of commerce. 
 Hither from remotest shores come ships freighted with the products of the 
 toil and skill of foreign lands. We watch them as they comeand go, these 
 floating palaces of the sea, and our imaginations are fired andour souls are 
 thrilled with the thought that all humanity is one and inseparable, bound 
 together in the indissoluble ties of friendshipand commerce. How doubly 
 dead the soul of youth, who living amid such inspiring scenes, does not see 
 visions and dream dreams.”’ 
 
 But this is only one feature of the modern idea. The old college curri- 
 culum, with its Greek and Latin, its mathematics, its ethical and mental 
 philosophy and its literature, are declared to be relics of the Dark Ages. 
 These subjects, with the exception of methematical science, are of little 
 practical use, and they must give way for pressing matters which are needed 
 in every day life, and indeed will enable the learner to go direct from school 
 to the calling in which he is to seek his livelihood. To thisend are needed 
 chemical and electrical laboratories and mechanical workshops, where not 
 only trades and callings may be learned, but the student may be stimulated 
 and helped on his way to scientific discoveries and mechanical inventions of 
 enormous pecuniary and economic walue. as well as of theoretic interest. 
 
 It is to this end that large sums of money are needed, as well as for the 
 payment of adequate salaries to the scientific professors. A man who by 
 devoting his science to the discovery and elaboration of processes which are 
 of enormous value in manuiacturing or for other economic purposes, can 
 earn a great deal of money, and he needs to have a large recompense to keep 
 him in the universities, and in every case the laborer is worthy of his hire. 
 
 These in brief, are some of the new ideas that have revolutionized or 
 are revolutionizing the educational systems of this country, The proposition 
 seems to be the bringing of the entire population as near as possible to the 
 same intellectual, material and social level, and as much as may be to illu- 
 minate the idea of leadership. The old colleges where expected to turn out 
 leaders for the guidance and direction of the people. When the people 
 shall all be brought up or down to the same plane, it is supposed that there 
 will be no more need of leadership. 
 
44 
 
 Possibly this is true, and possibly also it may be for the best, but it will 
 be difficult to overcome the ‘‘ego’’ in human nature. It will never cease to 
 assert itself, and there will always be those who, whether they deserve it or 
 not, will claim the front rank in life. May those who occupy it be the most 
 worthy. It should be the ultimate aim of every proper system of education 
 to turn out the best and ablest, so that they may be competenf to lead. 
 
 As for our university, the Picayune heartily desires that it may be the 
 standard of greatness and goodness in education. — (Picayune, New Orleans, 
 March 17, 1905). 
 
 ‘“NOBLESSE OBLIGE. ”’ 
 
 The great oration of Tulane’s president is still ringing in the ears of this 
 community and the potent plea will, we feel snre, evoke a hearty response 
 from the State at large. Louisiana stands to-day in the front rank of the 
 Union’s expansive commonwealths. The growth in wealth and industrial 
 energy is, happily, no greater than the growth in intelligence and civic pride, 
 In such circumstances, the cause of education must needs receive a mighty 
 impulse, and we accordingly find that the cry for more and better schools 
 goes up from the Arkansas line to the Gulf, Hitherto the demand for the 
 highest institutions of learning has been comparatively feeble, but the day is 
 not distant when we must look to the capstone, as well as to the foundation, 
 of the edifice. | 
 
 Dr. Craighead set forth the facts with perfect clearness and precision, 
 By repeated declarations of the organic law, Tulane is the University of 
 Louisiana. The Medical Department and the H. Sophie Newcomb Memo- 
 rial College have been well endowed by Mr. Hutchinson and Mrs. Newcomb. 
 The Law School is struggling on without endowment of any sort, and, 
 despite the heroic efforts of its faculty, is unable to properly train the 
 students who, in the years to come, will constitute our bench and our bar. 
 A high-minded and competent administration of justice is the chief symbol 
 of sovereignty. We can therefore never hope to win the world’s respect and 
 and our own, so long as we entrust our lives and our property to ill-instructed 
 judges and counsel. The Academic Department, too, is in hardly less 
 pitiable plight, and would be impotent for good, but for Paul Tulane’s 
 timely generosity, Even as itis, an annual deficit must be faced, or the 
 facilities for culture must be shorn of their logical proportions. The State 
 has granted an exemption from taxation, equivalent to some twenty thous- 
 and per year, but this aid is much more than offset by the cost of 225 free 
 scholarships, which, reckoned in terms of money, amount to a hundred 
 
 housand per annum. It is not generally known that the Tulane University 
 
45 
 
 of Louisiana is, to all intents and purposes, an eleemosynary institution. It 
 may therefore, be well to repeat the truth that no son of Louisiana possessed 
 of a desire for the higher learning but destitute of the means to acquire it, 
 will ever be refused admission to the classic halls. The State, in forbearing 
 to tax the Tulane Fund, has simply forborne to tax its own. 
 
 By an irony of fate, Paul Tulane’s munificence is, in certain quarters, 
 used an argument against aid to the institution he fostered. ‘‘The philan- 
 thropic old Frenchman gave a million, and we are @onsequently absolved 
 from the obligation to give another cent’’— so say the special pleaders who 
 take no thought of life’s finest amenities. By parity of reasoning, one 
 would be justified in giving the cold shoulder to poor relations, because 
 others, bound by no ties of kinship and duty, had been open of heart and 
 purse. We should rather think that Mr. Tulane’s bequest would stir the 
 State to rivalry and that our legislators would refuse to be outdone by the 
 most liberal of their fellow-citizens. The readiness to extend help in such 
 directions is the sign and seal of a civilized people. There was a time, even 
 now not very remote, when the poverty of Louisiana was an insuperable 
 barrier against tnese finer impulses, but we have reached the point at which 
 the willis synonymous with the way. The assessments and the revenues 
 mount steadily, and there will be no difficulty in finding a few thousands a 
 year, if we be truly resolved to find them, For this reason, the State should 
 no longer be content to plead in formd paupcris at the bar of public opinion. 
 It is no alms that Tulane asks, for suchan university is able to return contri- 
 butions from the fisc an hundredfold. In this matter, the heart may be 
 allowed to prompt the head. ‘‘Noblesse oblige.’’ — ( 7zmes-Democrat, New 
 Orleans, March 18, 1905). 
 

 
 
 
 
 

 
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