THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY sett OL8 F BD airity: OF Lue ITY OF ILLINOIS , = MAH FN Sy thy = A ¢ q 4 é = yi be ha oo . x ad J 5 : i En i: va Ms es FF Se 4 > ve ee a a x 4 r f GY) ne a i ON wA- AS es “i = . 7 pA @ SY 0 ~ ENGLISH SWEDISH DANISH cooks Cand) : ~— FLAG MANUFACTURE R, ~—— i oe a = _— =. ——————__ CCHART & NAUTICAL BOOKSELLER. 4.0,CLEETHORPE ROAD P NEXT DOOR BUT ONE TO THE NEW CUSTOM HOUSE & WorKsS FiSH Dock Roap, fa re} ERS Sis “~s 2, G RG U Mi 2) > Fo ae AMERICAN FRENCH BELGIAN ITALIAN Sea a TAN if ° “4 X a . M at Sy i: Neus GERMAN Cal RUSSIAN [oa oe DUTCH Sect a3 pe TS a ATES eit: a tek al FORTY TN Sky UG LE an Btierak: IOS: Fe LAT & # re me % THE FISHERMAN’S PRACTICAL NAVIGATOR ©. To OLSEN, COMPASS ADJUSTER, NAUTICAL INSTRUMENT MAKBR, AND FLAG MANUFACTURER, CHART AND NAUTICAL BOOKSELLER. PUBLISHER OF THE FISHERMAN’S NAUTICAL ALMANAC, ETC. GRIMSBY : “OnCLEETHORPE ROAD, AND FISH DOCK ROAD. ’ HULL: PRINTED BY WALKER & BROWN, HIGH-STREET. 13 7S. — 93 ‘VAY Hot - { ‘ ’ - ee ‘a Orr pt mt y , ‘ \ fr. #7, ’ Bee 2) aE dy). my i f b. Oe OLSHN, COMPASS ADJUSTER, Alautionl Pustrument Waker and flag Buanutactwrer, CHART AND NAUTICAL BOOKSELLER, Has always on hand a Large and Well-selected Stock of — Binnacles, Brass or Wood | Handie Quadrants Spirit Compasses - Patent Logs (test make) Barometers, Mercurial : Standard do. Magnifi¢rs Fitzroy © do. Map Readers f Pediment do. Spectacles: 7 Model do. Log and Hoiit Glasses \ Fishery do. Clocks [bined : Aneroids in Boxes | Clocks and Aneroids Com- A" a in Frames Drawing Instruments t| . Gi Do. Open Dial | Water Colours . Do. Fancy Gilt Sectors } Do. Carved Protractors “Thermometers, Opal & Gilt; Gunter’s Scales Do., Porcelain T Squares Do., Copper Brass do. 0., Tin . 'Set do. a: Do., Boxwood > Vo., Maximum & Minimum Ebony Quadrants - Transparent do. | Microscopes Binnacle do. 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Cassell, Petter, & Galpin’s Pablications Stationery Ilags made to order, whole- sale and retail | Bunting | Commercial Code Siguals _ Burgees, Ensigns, Unions, Club Flags | Private Flags, &c., &c. |. Fog Bells Fog Horns Distress Lights Life Buoy Lights Life Buoys _Sounding Machines _ Lamps, Log Glasses _ Magnets | Surveying Instruments ' Globes | Anemometers | Mirrors , | Object Glasses | Cameras Chronometers Artificial Horizons All kinds of Nautical DEA) ao Repaired, and Adjusted. Sate Wea et - genTAK RRR: bets a Peat GHA MEGROUS -~u EY BS aa a. BSG? Sno, Yat Pier © ee tee oD eee uisdmnGd |} ening ; yds arede ing ‘nus haleee AES Ot Stes g ey iO 3 bets?) saat 3 obit age m1 Ea A Senegarctrapmess: And co) Eee gig boss otectaee eal 1s iy BA seagn4 , F ee ee | Maibed bt acon 7, bi ph pea sae we A woudl se Set 4s #L : a Spghenes Pane UNG ® er j ithe mat hoe ped Ms ake ies ; Sate lace dh ercated JB = oh wsdl ak Gil Ww Vioeewhbe fas iteas eee et Nees q Tee rv Saree ond rf : gD TQoagnih. bute betues fed a Sse) aa) poe pad palo tewacrs’ ee SURE eee . agar ag cn SARI ee = pra in &) gets s bEvezeeaa® yale y Se mus bol © Weeks Gio eg sores rate * acres dae ta iii Barer wae oa “ Cisne d ’ us BAX? oc take h eHOny PeMdtU ors saat igen 4 aigee! peste s Fates, Faves so Eps Peas de ROENS 2. sea aha nied, 4 ~ eed Lad 8 ‘ F i + Mss eeEss - SU hues ae Swadesae i = Hy: athe rere nad eg tas A any Wer ad ben ag ‘ , Lae J - * * ‘ 4 i Geto ts aE tee Mey) Mise a) ee ae Popov, _ * ie Se. ae tie Oe aA ween ge is a ar a the? Fiery pep are & epee a) jhe as k Sy PAL Ams ah pra ties Ble oot he a sey al ty th Krak inc . : bom BONS. tay we al ytspale iow) : ESN A Agee? j f abou sgant ye eae eb ta ds * S Bag ee ut viavel Bin yay xsstt vurks av wee kW Golote? : Bee ris el preter L whey F a elie i; et oaks Pree (Pere pail Tice ssaalleg h Pye mee wht : euteatdirdl hintaan ae congas d ubhid < ; sashes sage aatdoninraabsie : a for (ai Jepeasli) aanp le | acyours HrreMiIbAeies| ermine ke teriil he's Fe } CONT E NES: ae PAPEL WEE ATONE LATE, sim oy 56% neh) peg) -0n8 one con sens saps ens I a EMER IAT Tl <5) ocs( to8) cress lepey) snes, nee ane ates case 3 PRIMM MIGTOMOMGUCE [nce ewer ices ong ede 05) gen, cues ane cage, 4 TE EGE 020) Bee ced oriccels pede = agele oee eae tines, 809. comers, o93 5 Navigation ..- . PEMD Ca eet ia teak ve! Moses nave can. tides Weeds 9 The Mariner’s Compass .. Pull Lathes Sas? LEBER coolet adinded, Maat came 22 Plane Sailing eee LETT caibins hue dutasis ¢:|) cesly gad cueoath Ge cabo aon 13 SRR MEIER DAI Dy Crber ene t Des) esq) coe ef pong, be © oon! geen, eee one LT _ Mercator’s Sailing _.. ee8 ty ah. one aHe osaicenle 19 Latitude by Meridian Altitude of the Sun sembrvdd P evalth fue leomiayons 225 Use of Mercator’s Chart... ... ti mri satin son tn theo eabe 27 Examination in Chart... nim geR eke ria nda Miter eset” 20 Adjustments of the Sextant or r Quadrant... A CT Bet ee ete 31 Examination Paper... ... Sadi ate ieee incasy Miese een} svat aas2 33 Definitions in Nautical Astronomy HED EORe Abello cee Mist eo ay 7 oysh Denti inds 34 EIR TE FOL, BOF i css os ween! ons’ .¢eet peed he gh aed ces’ sett 37 seh iegy ies | oie Cece). aqei/G hed {eidmey Ssh rvse ascents 38 Mweather .«.. .. Pao ees hse) mayage tlc tite eR Fay alee? yap: Lian areghabes ol BE Storm Warning Signals SOSA tg tee TER Oh tot UB Sad A's LANivek jada os aie aipyians 54 Rule ofthe Road ... Meas eV tec Rye tien’ ices aixvewhen ee Nkok oA). TBs Steering and Sailing MAR Oe To dbaerd eds | Shek. TODS 59 MRI ORINC jah)! idl Wes ti hse \Sadels/ 40s) von \iseenurrnd sony, cevy O4 MIRE ATION 3p) 225: oes ss yh ves Jmed foes lqmtge Qh one lene. ted 67 ERTS | RT ee eae vee) ciel coe. vas ade ses ree cava, FF Aids to Memory ... 3s Sp Ay Some 78 How to use the Commercial ‘Code of Signals. 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ABREVIATIONS AND SIGNS USED IN ARITHMETIC AND NAVIGATION. Named plus, which signifies Addition; as 3+6=9. Multiplied by, signifies Multiplication; as 4x2=8. Divided by, signifies Division; as 16+8=2. as — Named minus, which signifies Substraction, as 7—9=2. x Equal to, signifies Equality; as 2 and 4=6. Stands for zs to 4 sows ” to Signifies Proportion ; asg:3:: 18:6. () This sign is used for connecting numbers together, as 2+4x6, or (2+4)x6. ZOm ° © Moon ; * Star. Signifies Degrees; ‘ Minutes; ” Seconds. . Signifies day; h., hours; m., minutes; s., seconds. Signifies the Sun ; Signifies North; 8., South; E., East; W., West. SIGNS OF THE ZODIAC. O. oo Aries® PS 1 aurus;, 30° Il. wm Gemini, 60° Til, = Cancer, go” Eves 1e0, 120° V. we Virgo, 150° Jan., January, 31 days Feb., February, 28 or 29 days Mar., March, 31 days Apr., April, 30 days May, 31 days June, 30 days VI VII. VIII. IX. X. DA Cee THE MONTHS. -- Libra, 180° ™m Scorpio, 210° f Sagittarius, 240° vs Capricornus, 270° “* Aquarius, 300° % Pisces, 330° July, 31 days Aug., August, 31 days Sept., September, 30 days Nov., November, 30 days | Oct., October, 31 days Dec., December, 31 days Vill. ABBREVIATIONS AND SIGNS. eT aM, 60 Seconds 1... set, OL A. Joe sap a GO faminates 4... 5. ; 8, aN SUMMER, , LIL TTA SOLAR ad LUNAR ECLIPSES. ANU UY , Ja < Earth JUPITER and his Satellites. With the Times of their Periodic Revolution yst 24 Ba ath it is%27" 53, sishs.sd. 733% 42.33. 16416" 32) 8. SATURN ana As seen through a Telescope. aie 2 aoe eee, Me ee acelin pts atthe s en Sis es Cheesy pyte f hu 3 ate 2% . MS eB ne ee oe , re ue ; ip 1 eect ena : ‘ Aa pera ; Lae gens : baa 3 . he : " i ‘ : yO : - sha ar, Fi ATSC Ys y 1 - P U — 7 ¢ ~s 2 >= 4 ‘ 1 , > = % é q - ; - - s ‘ oS e ; 4 © 3 78g “Re < ies ba ta ’ Nees ae Arithmetic. Whole Numbers. Decimals. Op et ag = Ra Le Ga on eel ae. age Doe ang ee a na rar n et ct co —e fe) Ou en co. a =. Oo. a | ay ro) eee) 8 Dimes ta. Pose al dp} = ° n = Qu. =} OQ. Pu 3 e) Qu - , a a c. on an O. ¢ n n Q e : . : oC ae ani a Fy = =) n a = on S nm a 7 $8) f& 2) re) Ou Qu o ao “I Oo) in a Les) ie) i] al we) Ww a Loa ie) EXERCISES IN ADDITION. The following quantities to be added together :— 4 10 26 79 109 234 567 | Example 3 8 17 80 44 10g 806 732 — — — — — —- IOI ah'2 945 oo he i ae 423109 13 790 B12 3012 3201 103245 459 Beer 4321" 93420) 419875 2!) 913789 — ——— Ans. 1647 EXERCISES IN SUBTRACTION. From 8 From 17 From 25 From 45 Take 3 Take 9g Take 17 Take ‘5 Example :— i 1 Fs — | From 59012 From 201 From 903 From 4590 From 93201 Take 3014 Memewisae bake 47. Take 1932 “Take 42735 | Ans. 55999 PROT aT ial EXERCISES IN MULTIPLICATION. | Example:— Multiply 7901 Multiply 32 by 5. Multiply 59 by 11. by 32% Multiply 103 by 19. Multiply 203 by 49. 7901 Multiply 49301 by 24. Multiply 490034 by 4000. 15802 23793 Ans. 2536221 ARITHMETIC. EXERCISES. IN DIVISION. Divide 56 by 8. Divide 59 by 7. Divide 930 by 23. Divide g013 by 44. Divide 73010 by, 300. Divide 501302 by 35. Example :— 25) 4341 (173 Ans. 25 184 L/D gi 75 16 | ‘ DECIMAL FRACTIONS. Decimals are fractions in which the numerators only are expressed, the denominator being always understood to be 1 with as many cyphers annexed as there are figures in the nominator. NOTATIONS. Decimals are distinguished from whole numbers by a point to the left of them; °7 is the decimal notation for - e and . 43-65 for 43 oo The number 43.65 consists of whole numbers to the left hand of the decimal point, and decimals to the right of it, and it is called a mixed number. ADDITION OF DECIMALS. Rules. 1.—Place the decimal points in a line one above another, and the whole numbers and decimals in order as in the Examples, and add as in addition of whole numbers. 2.—Place the decimal point in the sum exactly below the others. ARITHMETIC. 7 Examples :— Add 3.05, 5. 375, and g. 42 together. 3:95 I/D Sate Ans. 17.845 Add .000 75, 237. 053, 40. 7009, and 4. 5 together. . 000 75 237+ 953 40. 7009 3 Ans. 282. 25465 SUBTRACTION OF DECIMALS. Rule. Place the less number under the greater, set the decimal points as in Addition; then subtract as in whole numbers, and place the decimal point in the remainder exactly under the other. Examples :— Subtract 5. o4 from 15. 43 Subtract . 0003 from 27. 0759 15-43 ahd evoke, 5. 04 . 0003 Ans. 10. 39 ANS.) 272-0750 MULTIPLICATION OF: DECIMALS: Rules. 1.—Multiply the same as whole numbers. 2.—To place the decimal point, count from the right hand of the product, as many figures as there are places of decimals in both Multiplicand and Multiplier. If there are not so many figures in the product as these two will make together, supply the defect by cyphers on the left hand. 8 ARITHMETIC. Examples :— Multiply 7. 36 by 4. 15. Multiply 7. 934 by 9. 045, 7+ 36 7+ 934 4. 15 9. Cae 3680 39670 736 31736 2944 714060 Ans. 30. 5440 Ans. 71. 763030 Multiply . 005 by 0008 Multiply . 05 by .5 . 005 . 05 . 0008 ae Ans. . 0000040 Ans. 5 02'5 DIVISION OF DECIMALS. Divide as in whole numbers. The rule for placing the decimal point is, that the quotient and divisor together must contain as many decimals as the dividend. Examples -— aie Sg Divide 17. 34 by 3. 4. Divide 2. 392 by 4. 6. SOY DAU ty Bay dad Crus see}: 4:6)'2.'392 (. 52 mee 170 Fees 34 92 34 92 SUMED: as 4 Divide 541. 2 by 66. Divide 338. 4 by 9. 4. 66%) 541. 27 (35 2: Ans. 9. 4) 338.4 036 eames 528 282 132 564 132 - 564. _ —— = — NAVIGATION. AVIGATION is the art of conducting a ship through the wide and trackless ocean, from one port to another, with the greatest safety, and in the shortest time possible. In order to perform this important business, the mariner must be able at all times to find the course and distance from one place to another; and to determine the place of the ship every day, what course she must steer, and how far she must run to gain the intended port. The situation of any place is determined by its distance from two imaginary circles, called the equator and the first meridian. The Equator, by seamen called the line, is a great circle on the earth, equally distant from the Poles: it divides the earth into two equal parts, called HrmispHEereEs; that having the North Pole in its centre is called the Northern Hemisphere, and the other the Southern Hemisphere. MERIDIANS are imaginary circles on the earth, passing through both the Poles, crossing the equator at right angles, and dividing the globe into two parts, called the Eastern and Western Hemts- pheres ; or, rather, the meridian of a place ist”a semicircle passing through the place and terminating at the Poles, the remaining half being called the opposite meridian; hence every north and south line is part of a meridian. It is usual for Geographers to fix upon a meridian passing through some remarkable place, and to call it the first meridian ; thus, the British esteem that the first meridian which passes through the Royal Observatory at Greenwich; so the French reckon for their first meridian, that which passes through the Royal Observatory at Paris; the Spaniards, that which passes through Cadiz, and some Geographers the meridian of Teneriffe; hence it appears the fixing of a first meridian is entirely arbitrary, most nations con- sidering that the first meridian is that which passes through their capital, or principal observatory. LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE. The Latirupe of a place is its distance from the equator, measured by an arch of a meridian contained between the equator e 10 LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE. and the given place; it is called either north or south, according as the given place is situated in the northern or southern hemisphere. Latitude is therefore reckoned from the equator towards the Poles, and never exceeds go degrees, that being the distance of the Poles from the equator. Hence a ship in north latitude sailing northerly, or in south latitude sailing southerly, increases her latitude; but in north latitude sailing “southerly, or in south latitude sailing northerly, she decreases her latitude. The PARALLEL OF LATITUDE of any place is a circle ee through that place parallel to the equator. | The DirFERENCE oF LATITUDE between any two places is an arch of a meridian, contained between the parallels of latitude of those places. The LoNGITUDE of a place is an arch of the equator compre- hended between the first meridian and that meridian which passes through the given place. It is usual to reckon longitude from the first meridian either east or west, according as the given place lies in the eastern or western hemisphere, until it meets at the opposite meridian: therefore, the longitude of a place cannot exceed 180 degrees, or a semicircle. A ship in east longitude sailing easterly, or in west longitude sailing westerly, increases her longitude; but in east longitude sailing westerly, or in west longitude sailing easterly, she decreases her longitude. The DIFFERENCE OF LonGITUDE between two places is an arch of the, equator intercepted between the meridians of those places, and cannot exceed 180 degrees. To find the difference of Latitude between two Places. Rute. When the latitudes are both of the same name, that is, both north or both south, subtract the less from the greater, and the remainder will be the difference of latitude ; but when one is north and the other south, their sum will be the difference of latitude. | EXAMPLE II. A ship from lat- ExaMPLE.—I. What is the | itude 3° 10’S. arrives to latitude difference of latitude between | 2° 26’N.: required the difference Flamboro’ Head and Cromer? of latitude. Lat. of Flambro’Head ...54° 6' N.| Latitude left............... gS eran: Latitude of Cromer ...... 52 55 N.j'Latitude.in® ......cccemenee 2. -26N : I tI NN.) Dulvoflatitudersnesee 5 36 60 O De Wesco eae 2 Inimiles .,):.0stsssn't eee aes » LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE. rr With the Latitude left and the difference of Latitude, to find the Latitude in. RuLeE.— When the latitude left and difference of latitude are of the same name, their sum gives the latitude in; but when they are of contrary names, their difference is the latitude in, of the same name with the greater. Examp_e I. A ship from St. Abb’s Head, Latitude 55° 55’ N. sails 351 miles N. What latitude is she in? Examp te IJ. A ship three days ago was in latitude 2° 48’ N., and has since then sailed South 426 miles: required her present lati- Lat. of St. Abb’s Head 55° 55’ N. tude. Meeoriatitude 351m. 5 51 N.j:Latitude left ............ 29 48°N. Diff. of latitude 426m.or 7. 6 S. Peete IN... ... Sr 40N, Latitidesity sian 4m so ie To find the difference of Longitude between two Places. Rute. Ifthe longitudes of the given places are both east or both west, subtract the less from the greater; but if one be east and the other west, add them together, and the sum or remainder will be the difference of longitude. When the sum of the two longitudes exceeds 180 degrees, subtract it from 360 degrees, and the remainder will be the difference ef longitude. ExampLe I. What is the dif- ExampLe II. A ship sails ference of longitude between| West from Udsire, Norway, Spurn and Heligoland ? arrives in longitude 2° 15° W. Longitude of Heliogland 7° 53’ E. Required the difference of long- Longitude of Spurn...... ah thy a itude ? WdSire; COneitude. ...) 40 52ers Diff. of Longitude ... 7 46 E.) Diff. of Longitude ...... rap la Wa 60 | VOM 420 60 46 aa 420 PIMVIUIGS i. 0.02 5..45+... 466 Z TIN IMMOS eres dies ste, 427 ——-— * When the’ difference of latitude or longitude is given in miles, it is to be divided by 60 to reduce it to degrees and minutes. 12 THE MARINER’S COMPASS. : With the Longitude left and the difference of Longitude, to find _the Longitude in. Rute. Ifthe longitude left and difference of longitude be of contrary names, subtract the less from the greater, and the remainder will be the longitude in, of the same name with the ereater; but if the longitude left and difference of longitude are of the same name, their sum will be the longitude in, of the same name with the longitude left; if this sum exceed 180°, subtract it from 360°, and the remainder will be the Jongitude in, of a con- trary name to the longitude left. EXAMPLE I. Suppose.a ship ExaMPLE II. If a ship from from Grimsby sails eastward | longitude 176° 49’ W. sail west- until her difference of longitude | ward till her difference of longi- is 220 miles. Required her long- | tude is 10° 14’ W., what is her itude present longitude ? Diff. oflongitude 220m.or 3° 40°E.} 7 ono; Q@ 40) gitude leit inves 176° 497W Long of Grimsby ...... Oo 5 W) Diff. oflongitude ...... 10 14 W Loaeiuidesn:.s2., «+ Seu oes Sum. ...... 2 athena 360 Oo | Longitude in...... 172 )55 ans THE MARINER'S COMPASS. This instrument is an artificial representation ot the horizon of any place. It consists of a circular card, divided into 32 equal parts, by lines drawn from the centre to the circumference, called RyuMB LINES, the extremities of which are termed Points or Ruumpss: the intervals are subdivided into halves and quarters, called Hatr Points and QuaRTER Points; the whole circumference is likewise divided into 360 degrees, consequently the angle com- prehended between anytwo rhumbs is equal to 11 degrees 15 minutes The four principal points are called GarDINAL Points, two of which, opposite each other, are called the Nortu and SoutH Points, that which is on the right hand, when we look towards the north. is’ termed the East, and its opposite the Wesr Point; the names of the other points are compounded of these, according to their situa- tion, but instead of the words, the initials only are inserted, as exhibited in the Plate ; where there is also a Table, con- taining the measure of the angles that each point, and quarter point makes with the north and south, or meridian line. PLANE SAILING. 13 Under the card, along the north and south line, a small bar of steel is fixed, called the NEEDLE, which, being touched with a loadstone, acquires the peculiar property of pointing north and south, and consequently by the card determines the direction of the other points of the horizon. The needle, having an agate cap in the centre, is supported, together with the card, on the point of a fine hardened brass centre point, on which it freely turns, and by the above mentioned property its points keep always in the same direc- tion: these are confined in a circular brass bowl with a glass cover, the bow! being hung in. brass rings or gimbals, in order to counter- act the motion of the ship. The whole of these are placed ina square wooden box with a moveable lid which-serves to support the gimbals, and secure the compass from accident in removals. The compass 1s used to point out the direction that a ship sails at sea. For this purpose, it is to be so placed in the ship that the middle section of the wooden box may be parallel to the ship’s keel. When it is thus fixed, that point of the card whicn coincides with the perpendicular line, marked inside of the circular bowl, and termed by seamen, LusBBER’s Point, will shew the direction of the ship's head. PLANE SAILING. PLANE SAILING is the art of navigating a ship upon principles deduced from the supposition of the earth being an extended plane. On this supposition, the meridians are considered as being all paral- lel to each other, the parallels of latitude at mght angles to the meridians, and the length of a degree on the meridian, equator, and parallels of latitude, every where equal. In this sailing there are four principal parts, viz. the Course, Distance, Difference of Latitude, and Departure. The Course is the angle which a ship’s track or path makes with the meridian, and is expressed either in points or degrees. Thus, when a ship sails in a north-east direction, we say her course is 4 points, or 45 degrees. The Distance is the number of miles, &c., between*any two places reckoned on the rhumb line of the course; or itis the length that a ship has sailed on a direct course in a given time. The DIFFERENCE OF LATITUDE is the distance which a ship has made north or south of the place sailed from, and is reckoned on a meridian. 14 PLANE SAILING, The DrEparturRE is the east or west distance a ship has made from the meridian of the place she departed from, and is reckoned on a parallel of latitude. Hence it is evident that if a ship sail due north and south, she sails on a meridian, makes no departure, and her distance and dif- ference of latitude are the same. If a ship sail due east or west, she runs on a parallel of latitude, makes no difference of latitude, and her departure and distance are the same: but when a ship sails in any other direction, she makes both difference of latitude and departure. When a ship’s course is 4 points, or 45 degrees, the difference of latitude and departure are equal; when the course is less than 4 points, or 45 degrees, the difference of latitude is greater than the departure ; when the course is more than 4 points, or 45 degrees, the departure is greater that the difference of latitude. When any two of the above parts are known, the remaining two may be found by several methods; but that which we shall here explain is performed by means of Tables I. and II., and is com- monly called Inspection. Table I. contains the difference of latitude and departure (in whole numbers and tenths), answering to distances not exceeding 300, and for courses to every quarter point ofthe compass. ‘Table II. is of the same nature and extent, but for courses consisting of whole degrees. The courses are set down at the top of the pages, when they do not exceed 4 points or 45 degrees, and at the bottom, when they are greater than these quantities: the distances are reg- ularly arranged in the colums marked Dist., the first beginning at 1 and ending at 60, the second beginning at 61, and ending at 120, and so on to 300; corresponding to each of these distances, the difference of latitude and departure are set down in adjoining columns, marked Lat. and Dep., and it must be carefully observed, that when the course is less than 4 points, or 45 degrees, these must be taken out, as marked at the top of the columns, but when they are more, as marked at the bottom of the pages. Now as the difference of latitude and departure answering to any given course and distance, are found opposite the distance in that page of the Table which contains the course, if therefore any two of the four parts, viz., the course, distance, difference of lati- tude, and departure be given, and those two be found together in the Tables, the other two parts will be found in their respective places on the same page. When any of the given parts (excepting the course, which is never to be multiplied or divided ) exceed the limits of the Table, an aliquot part as a half, third, fourth, tenth, &c., is to be taken, and those found corresponding are to be doubled, trebled, &c., that PLANE SAILING. 15 ‘ek multiplied by the same figure that the given number is divided vs CASE I, Course and Distance given, to find the difference of Latitude and Departure. Ruts. Find the course at the top or bottom of the Tables, and the distance in its column; opposite to which will be found the difference of latitude and departure in their respective columns. ExampLeE. A ship from latitude 48° 4o’ N., sails N.E. by N. 296 miles: required her present latitude, and the departure made good. Enter Traverse Table, I, and find the course 3 points at the top, and in one of the columns marked Dist. find the distance 296; then opposite to this, in the columns marked Lat. and Dep. will be the difference of latitude 246. 1, and the departure 164. 4. To find the Latitude in. SE UVCRE SS Ts aa oie Ream 48° 40’ N Diff. of latitude 246 miles,or 4 6N. N, POC ee lesen wes ever tes recs nb 40 CAS aL, The Course and Difference of Latitude given, to find the Distance and Departure. Rute. Find the course at the top or bottom of the Tables, and in that page, right against the difference of latitude, found in one of the lat. columns, stands the distance and departure in their columns. ExameLe. A ship sails S.E. 3 E. from Buchanness, latitude 7° 28 N., until by observation she is in latitude 55° 30’ N. Re- quired her distance run and departure made good ? Latitude of Buchanness ...... S728 N: Peart) COUS CHO tt.)c2 6.0 ole evs 55. 30 N. Parreo Latitude. :...teecag Th 5 oi 60 Tne miles pessn i210. eee Sel ee Difference of Longitude 616 miles, or...10 16 W. Longitudeans),.J:e.ss hgh ae eee Ys 270 CASESIV: Both Latitudes and Course given, to find the Distance, and Difference of Longitude. Rute. With the course and proper difference of latitude, find distance and departure, as in Case II. of Plane Sailing. Then with the course and meridional difference of latitude, find the dif- ference of longitude as before. ExaMPLe. A ship from latitude 42° 25’ N. and longitude 15° 6’, W., sails N.E. by E. for several days, and then finds by observation thatshe is in latitude 46° 20’N.: required the distance she has sailed and her present longitude. LATITUDE BY MERIDIAN ALTITUDE OF THE ‘SUN. 23 Mee Lei fie cow as Bones Nom Wier patlem ie. ce: 2815 Peeuce insvy.00s...-.40 20 N. Mer. parts ......... . 3144 Pere Ol latinude.. 2... 355 Mer. diff. latitude ... 829 Slee ee Pies. emis: < 235 Over the course 5 points, and opposite half the difference of latitude 117.5, in its column, will be found half the difference 211 in its proper column; this, multiplied by 2, gives the whole distance 422. Over the same course, and opposite half the meridional difference of latitude 164.5, found in a latitude column, stands 246.1 in the corresponding dep. column; which multiplied by 2, gives the dif- ference of longitude 492.2. / To find the Longitude in Og WG Neato Re I eo eens 192 Oy W:. Difference of MGIC e AGF INGS OL ..f tO 12 By. Re OAT ley hitches Be ni). 0s 4 i oO ELS Ae ys BY MERIDIAN ALTITUDE OF THE SUN. To find the latitude by meridian altitude, we have three methods, one, the correct one, as required for ‘‘ Board of Trade ” Examinations, and two that approach the true answer within a mile or two. The first and correct method. Correct observed altitude of the sun’s lower limb for index error, (if any ) then for Dip. (height of observer's eye above the sea) which must always be subtracted, next for refraction which is also subtracted, then for Parallax which has to be added. Out of the Almanack take the ‘‘ Semi-diameter” for the given day, and add to Apparent altitude, and this will be the true altitude. Subtract true altitude from go°, which will give the Zenith Distance and name it according as you are north or south of the sun. 24 LATITUDE BY MERIDIAN ALTITUDE OF THE SUN. Now take out the sun’s declination for the given day, then if both are North, add them together, if one North and the other South take their difference, and name it as the greater. Second method. * Correct observed altitude for index error (if any) next take out from Table IX. the proper, correction, which add to the observed altitude, this will give true altitude. True altitude taken from go° gives Zenith diamines which has to be named North if you are North of the sun. Then add or subtract the Declination according as it is north or south (see preceding Rule.) Third method. Subtract the observed altitude from 89° 48’ then apply your declination according to the first Rule. The last two methods answer all practical purposes, but it is better to take the correction from Table IX. then to BU it down as 12’ February 3rd, 1876, the observed meridian altitude of the suns lower limb 18° 30’ bearing South, index correction to add 2’, height of eye 8 feet. First method. Second method. Mie. alt Stn Sly, 130) OOrma eon sedeentes >. ons ot PHC RLCOR RS alias +. 20" aay COTS Si, eae ye ae + ot LS ts a 18° 32" Dip. (Table V.)... — DAA Cor. (Table IX.)......+ 10’ 18° .%. Bay RSAC FIs | — - UTatitudG tener stare se ee 52° ae Datitude as 0s, 52 PMA Chan — EXAMPLES :— Sune ist, 1876. December ist, 1876. 89° 48° 89° 48° Wa tires so 59° Ah LS Alt cee 15°55 8. 30; 3c. 73. 53 axe Decl...c22higgiiN. Decl. .22g17 hf ae Latatce 52aiirae Na Lati.at 51° 58’ N Aug. ist, 1876. May ist, 1876. 89° 48 89° 48° Alti....54 :18 8: Aled kt 44° 38'S. Bh es0 FN 45° “TON? BIZ 530 N. 35370237 IN: eee 25° GEN, Lat 234 60° 26’ N. ay USE OF WEROATOR’ S3,GHART. To find the Latitude and Longitude of a Place on the Chart. With a pair of compasses take the least distance between the given place and the nearest parallel of latitude; apply that distance, the same way, on one of the graduated meridians, one foot of the compasses being fixed at that point where the parallel cuts the eraduated meridian, and the other will shew the latitude of the place. The least distance between the given place and one of the nearest meridians being applied in the same manner to either of the graduated parallels, will point out the longitude of the place. To lay down upon the Chart any Place whose Latitude and Longitude are given. Lay the edge of a scale over the given latitude, and with a pair of compasses take from one of the divided parallels the distance between the given longitude and the nearest meridian line, this being applied along the edge of the scale, from that point where the scale intersects the meridian line, the same way that the longi- tude lies, will point out the place required. In this manner a ship’s track is usually pricked off at sea, her latitude and longitude being laid down every day at noon; and the ship’s places connected by pencil lines drawn between them. To find the Course or Bearing between two Places on the Chart. Lay the edge of a scale over the given places, and take the least distance between the centre of one of the compasses drawn on the chart, and the edge of the scale; move this extent along so that one point of the compass may touch the edge of the scale, while the other is to.be kept in a perpendicular position to it, with respect to the edge of the scale; then that other point will generate an imaginary line passing through the centre of the compass on the chart, which will shew the course or bearing. To find the distance between any two Places on the Chart. 1. Ifthe given places lay under the same meridian, find their latitudes on the chart, and the difference or sum of these, according as the places lay on the same or on different sides of the equator, will give the distance. 28 USE OF MERCATOR’'S CHART. 2. Ifthe given places lay in the same parallel of latitude, take half the distance between them, and placing one foot of the com- passes in the graduated meridian on their latitude, observe what latitudes the other foot points to both above and below ; the difference between these will be their distance. 3. Butif the given places differ both in latitude and longitude, take the distance between them, apply it to either of the graduated meridians, so that one foot of the compasses may be as much above one place as the other is below the other place; then the degrees or minutes contained between the points of the compasses, will be the distance required, which may be reduced to miles or leagues. But if the places lay nearly in a parallel and their distance is considerable, it will conduce to accuracy if the middle latitude between the two places be found; then half their distance being applied alternately above and below the middle latitude, will give the distance: Or, a degree may be taken near the middle parallel, and the number of these degrees and parts contained between the two places being measured along the edge of the scale, will give the distance. The distance may also be found in the following manner. Find the difference of latitude between the given places, and take it from the equator, or one of the graduated parallels; then lay the edge of a scale over the given places, and move or slide one point of the compasses along the edge of the scale (keeping both points paral- lel to the meridians ) uutil the other point just touches a parallel. Now, the distance between the place where the points of the com- passes rested, and the point of intersection of the edge of the scale and parallel, being applied to the equator, or one of the graduated | parallels, will give the distance in degrees and parts, which may be reduced to miles. The Course steered and Distance run from any given Place being known, to find the Shtp’s Place on the Chart. Lay the edge of the scale over the given place in the direction of the ship’s course; then take the distance run from that part of one of the graduated meridians opposite the given place and the supposed place of the ship, which lay off from the given place along the edge of the scale, and it will shew the place of the ship. Or, placing the scale as before directed, take the given distance from one of the graduated parallels; put one foot of the compasses in that point of a parallel that is cut by the edge of the scale: and - the other foot will reach to a certain place along the edge of the scale Nowthis foot remaining in the same position,draw in the other point of EXAMINATION IN CHART. _ 29 the compasses. until it just touch the above parallel, without crossing it; apply this extent to the graduated parallel, and it will give the difference of latitude ; hence the latitude in will be known, through which a parallel being drawn, that point where it intersects the edge of the scale will be the ship’s place. EXAMINATION IN CHART. The applicant will be vequived to answer in writing, on a sheet of paper which will be given him by the examiner, all the following questions, numbering his answers with the numbers corresponding with those in the question paper. 1.—A strange chart being placed before you, what should be your special care to determine, before you answer any questions concerning it, or attempt ‘to make use of it? A.—To note which is the north part of the chart ? 2.—How do you ascertain that in our British charts ? A.—In our British charts there is always at least one compass, the true north point of which is designated by a star or other ornament. 3.—Describe how you would find the course by the chart between any two places, A and B. A.—I would lay the edge of a parallel ruler over the two given places, A and Bb, then taking care to preserve the direction, I would move one edge of the ruler until it came over the centre of the nearest compass on the chart, the circumference of the compass cut by the edge of the ruler would show the course according ty the direction the one place is from the other. 4.—Supposing there to be points of variation at the first named place, what would the course be magnetic? the true course being erat points o1 variation should be allowed to the and the magnetic: course would be 5-—How would you measure the distance between those two or any other two places on the chart ? 30 EXAMINATION IN CHART. A.—I would measure one-half the distance on the chart by my dividers, then placing one leg of the dividers on the middle latitude, I would measure on each side of the same, and the distance measured between those extreme points would be the distance. 6.—Why would you measure it in the particular manner ? A.—Because on a Mercator’s chart the degrees of latitude in- crease as you approach the poles. The above comprises all the questions on the chart that are put to Mates and only Mates. In addition to the above, the Masters are required to answer :-— 7.—What do you understand those small numbers to indicate that you see placed about the chart? A.— Depths of water in fathoms. 8.—At what time of the tide ? A.—At low water ordinary springs. g.— What are the requisites you should know in order that you may compare the depths obtained by your lead-line on board “gir the depths marked on the chart ? A.—~The time of the tide and the ‘rise and fall,’’ or as it is now called the ‘‘ mean spring range.” 10.—What do the Roman numerals indicate that are occasion- ally seen near the coast and in harbours? A.—The time of high water at that place at full and change of © the moon. 11.—How would you find the time of high-water at any place, the Admiralty tide tables not being at hand, nor any other special tables available ? A.—To the time of high-water at full and change I would add 49 minutes for every day that has elapsed since the full or change of moon, the sum would be the p.m. tide for the given day approx- -imately; or, to the time of the moon’s meridian passage, corrected for longitude, add the port establishment, the sum would be the P.M. tide required. All the above questions should be answered, but this does not preclude the Examiner from putting any other questions of a prac- tical character, or which the local circumstances of the port may require. si ADJUSTMENTS OF THE SEXTANT OR QUADRANT. The applicant will answer in writing, on a sheet of paper which will be given him by the examiner, all the following questions, numbering his answers with the numbers corresponding to the questions. 1.— What is the first adjustment of the sextant ? A.—The index glass must be perpendicular to the plane of the sextant. 2.—How do you make that adjustment ? A.—Place the index near the middle of the arc, and look into the index glass so that you can see both the arc and its reflection ; if they be in one line, the glass is perpendicular, but if not in one line, they are brought so by gently moving the screws in the frame upon which the glass stands. 3.—What is the second adjustment ? A.—The horizon glass must be perpendicular to the plane of the sextant. 4.—Describe how to make that adjustment ? A.—Place O of the vernier on O on the arc, hold the instrument obliquely, with its face upwards, and look at the horizon; if the reflected part and the direct positions of the horizon are in one line, this adjustment is perfect, but if not, they must be brought in line by gently moving a screw at the back of the glass. 5.— What is the third adjustment ? A.—The index and horizon glasses must be parallel when the index is at O. 6.—How would you make a third adjustment ? A.—Place the index at O, and holding the instrument vertically, look at the horizon; if the reflected and direct parts are in one line, this adjustment is perfect, but if they are not in one line, move a screw at the back of the horizon glass until they are. 7.—In the absence of a screw how would you proceed ? A.-——I would find the index correction, or as it is called the index error. aye ADJUSTMENTS OF THE 8EXTANT OR QUADRANT. 8.—How would you find the index error by the horizon ? A.—Hold the instrument vertically, and, looking at the horizon, I would move the tangent screw until the horizon in both parts of the horizon glass form one line; the reading is the index error, 9g.—How is it to be applied ? A.—~To be added when the reading is off the arc, and to sub- tract when the reading is on the arc. 10.--Place the index at error of minutes to be added, clamp it, and leave it. NotTe.—The examiner will see it is correct. 11.—The examiner will then place the zero of the vernier on the arc, not near any of the marked divisions, and the candidate will read it. ; NotTE.—In all cases the applicants will name or otherwise point out the screws used in the various adjustments. NOTE to 10 and 11.—When the examiner is satisfied that the candidate can read the arc of the sextant both on and off the arc, it will be sufficient to place his initials against Io and 11 on the paper containing the answer. The above completes the examination of Second and Only Mates. In addition to the above, first Mates and Masters will be required to state in writing :— 12.--How do you find the the index error by the sun ?- A.—I would place the index at about 32’ on the arc, and, looking at the sun, two suns will be seen; bring their upper and lower limbs in direct contact, read off and mark down, then place the index at about 32’ off the arc, or tothe right of O, bring the lower and upper limbs in contact as before, read off and mark down; half the difference of these two readings will be the index error. 13.— How is the same applied ? A.—lIt is to be added when the greatest reading is off the arc, and subtracted when the greatest reading is on the arc. 14.— What proof have you that those measurements or angles have been taken with tolerable accuracy ? A.—I would add the two readings together, and divide the sum by 4; if the measurements are correct, the result should be nearly equal to the semi-diameter for the day, as given in the Nautical Almanac. If they do not so agree, I would repeat my observations ~ until they do. EXAMINATION PAPER. 33 EXAMINATION PAPER. 1—A smack sailed from Cromer, between N. and E. for 62 miles, the master then found his diff. of latitude to be 48 miles. What course had he been steering and what departure had he made. 2.—Required course and distance, by Mercator’s sailing, from Spurn to latitude 59°16’ N., and longitude 9° 12’ E. 3.— March 21st, 1876, observed altitude sun’s lower limb © , was 30° 20’; observer north of the sun. Required the latitude. 4.—New Sand Lightship bore N.N.W. distant.6 miles, and from there the following courses were steered. Hrs. | Courses. | Mls. | Winds. | Lway. REMARKS. ST Sm aga Wa UT 4 NE ae N *e ay - Variation 13 points W. Peet. ck. by S: 15 E tbe A current sets the ship, 4 | jw Aya a 24 N.N.E. 2 by compass, & “ined By a6 as 1 N8E, 26 miles during day Required latitude and longitude in, course steered and dis- tance made good. EXAMINATION PAPER. 1.~A smack sailed from Flambro’ Head S.E. 3 E. for 40 miles. What is her diff. of latitude and devarture; latitude and longitude in? 2.—Required course and distance by Mercator’s sailing from Narze of Norway, to Outer Dowsing Lightship. 3-—June 22nd, 1876, observed altitude suns lower limb 53° 20’, observer north of the sun. Required the latitude in. 4.—Spurn bearing W.iN., distance 12 miles, a smack sails :— Hrs. | Courses. Mls. | {Winds. Lway, REMARKS. E.N.E. a S.E. by E. 3 Rigel Water eee : Ss. 36 SE. Ke E a Variation 12 points W. 23 io,.by.b.E. |. 22 i O |A current has been setting 4 ie 33 Da. Hs I S.3E, 8 N.N.W. 40 N.E. # 16 miles‘ during the day. a 12 N.W. 20) biN oby E. Required latitude and longitude in; course and distance made good. 34 DEFINITIONS IN NAVIGATION AND NAUTICAL ASTRONOMY. 1. Equator. That great circle which divides the earth into two equal parts, North and South. 2. The Poles. The two points at the extremity of the earth’s axis; when referred to the heavens, the two points directly over then. 3. A Meridian. A vertical circle passing through the poles. It cuts the equator at right angles. The Meridian passing through Greenwich is called the first Meridian. 4. The Ecliptic. A great circle in the heavens, which the sun’s centre appears to describe in the course of a year. 5. The Tropics. Two small circles parallel to the equator, and which extend 23° 28’ from it. 6. Latitude. Distance from the equator, north or south, measured on a meridian. 7- Parallels of Latitude. Small circles of the sphere, parallel to the equator. 8. Longitude. Distance of a place east or west from the- first meridian, and is measured on the equator. g. Visible Horizon. The circle which bounds our view where sea and sky seem to meet. The Visible Horizon is also called the Sea Horizon or Offing. 10. Sensible Horizon. ‘The horizon as would be seen by an eye placed at a point on the earth’s surface. 11. Rational Horizon. ‘ + t - = < /; 5 ’ j elf Try. } . ah re x: . F - on ts | an Ninel ig 1° < “ s ” thd ra 3 ~y ; = Mes 4 i ’ ff 3 \ HIVES OEE Lag .< we b. < 4 1 c > qPRSARRS cccs) ba « Pate ‘ “ © . ~ , . -¥ “ ‘ _ e\7 6 f ; Gg, THE: oe ‘ ) , dts UNIVERSITY OF ¥ { f - i i 3 d > At. el Tage \ + + 4 ha 2 * - % | % oF had ar f : a 4 i ees ; tA lop og - _* ia - od > C r 1 mae ‘ 3 d Le ~ 26s) \ ic Orr ae e > il : ‘ ; : S ft aN J ; ; f ao Rg Ob (ox ei ‘ j . at } = OF (beg - “4 Ai nee Op ty ’ cd ; . — 1s Rah) | gc: . 4 : pe ee 4 . . .< é ; ‘ im pe J * ' 4 + { : - bikyt ' ‘ : - S FP Be rs > ~ ' . eS 4 i My 4° f P af . 4 g : : J t J Pi a p , {71 e i t at (Ares EE Stash f w, 3.8 1 Pee Fo t + ? A - '- 7, y r] é f of i o (3,4 ye 2 wy ; | ry! Oy 4 1 Oe ee * * J “ * - -_ > Cra tie ne fa : ” MW . e ’ . ~% ® 4 | ‘ ' > A a « | , \ A 4 i - = a y ‘ ; : , 4 ; . 4 \ / be i? i « ‘ ae cet ae SUN’S DECLINATION SUN'S DECLINATION FOR 1876. ABs eo: For 1876. | ee C+ a7) iS) OW Ww Ke) iS) Hs H [e) 30| 17.45 31|S.17.29 S.17.12|S.7.20 16.55 16.37 16.19 PO: 15.33 15.25 15.6 14.47 14.27 14.8 13.48 -13.28 13.8 12.47 E227 12.6 II.45 6.57 0.42 11I.24/S.0.18 II.2 |N.0.6 10.41 10.19 9.57 9-35 _ 9-13 8.50 8.28 0.30 0.53 t.17 1.40 2.4 2.28 2.51 3-15 3.38 4.1 N.4.24 April.| May. | June. | July. N. 4.47|N15.16|N 22.9 |N 23.5 Sori 6.42 010 CHO MONINN WHOWHA NA ConIuUwW HON H ° je) 10,21 10.42 P53 11.24 II.44 12.4 12.25 12.45 13.4 13.24 13.43 14.2 14.21 14.40 N14.59 15-34 15.52 16.9° 16.26 21.43 22.17 22.24 22.31 22.37 22.44 22.49 22.55 23.0 23-4 23.8 EGY: 23.16 23.18 23.21 23-23 23.25 23.26 on 27 23.27 23.27 2a 27 23.26 23.25 23.23 23.21 23.19 23.16 23.13 21.52IN 23.9 N 22.1 Baek 22.56 2E.5 22.45 22.39 22.37 22.26 22.18 2aL 1 22.3 21.54 21.46 2137 21.27 Re 27 20.56 20.46 20.34 20.23 20.11 19.58 19.46 19.33 19.19 19.6 18.52 18.38 18.23 n18.8 N1I7.53|N8.4 17.38] 7.43 D7 22177 ;20 17.6 | 6.58 16.50) 6.36 16.33] 6.14 16.16) 5.51 15-59} 5.29 15.42] 5.6 15.24] 4.43 II ff || RTO, 14.49] 3.57 14.30] 3.34 ER I2) 13.53} 2.48 13.34] 2.25 E3T5}-2.2 12.55] 1.38 12.36] 1.15 12.16} 0.52 11.56] 0.28 II.36)NO.5 TI.15!so.18 10.55] 0.42 10.34! 1.5 10.13 1.29 9-52) 1.52 9-31) 2.15 9-9 | 2.39 8.48 $3.2 N.8.26 Oct. Ss. H CoM WN NIB YO UOW H cow o NR dD OW HOW Ow 13,40 Nov. te) . 14.58 15.16 15-35 15-53 16.11 16.29 16.46 17:3 17.20 17-37 17-53 18.9 18.24 18.40 18.55 19.9 19.24 19.38 19.51 20.4 20.17 20.30 20.42 20.53 21.5 21.16 21.26 21.36 14.0 |S.21.46 Sar4:10 ay Dec. ° ’ .25|/S 14.39|S.21.55 22.4 22.15 ROT 22.28 22.35 22.42 22.48 22.54 22.59 23.4 23.9 22103 23.16 23.19 22.22 23.24 23.25 23:27 PLOY) 2327 23.27 23.26 23.25 23.24 yes | 23.19 23.16 23.12 23.8 $.23.4 BAROMETER. ~—- ——_—_- 0 ------——- METEOROLOGICAL INSTRUMENTS, AND WHAT THEY TELL US. The appearance of a barometer is familiar to most persons, but although the instrument is very commonly used, at sea as well as on land, comparatively few are able to understand much about what it tells us. The general opinion is that the vise* of level of the mercury USUALLY shows that there will be less wind or rain ; its fall that more wind or rain se: be expected; that when the level remains steadily high a long spell of fine dry weather is probable , while when the teveli: is low the weather will be wet and unsettled, and a sudden change may be looked for. These conclusions are correct in many cases, but thee require modification in many others, for we shail show that there are other matters besides mere barometrical indications to be taken into con- sideration, so that in some instances the barometer taken by itself is wholly misleading. It is the object of these pages to give the best general rules to be observed in making use of meteorological instruments, and more particularly ofthe barometer, to aid in form- ing a judgment as to probable weather. There are three instruments essential.to this end, the barometor, the thermometer, and the hygrometer, and we shall commence by giving a short explana- tion as.to their nature and object. A morecomplete acccunt of the instruments, will be found at a subsequent page. Briefly we may say that,— The barometer shows the pressure of the air. The thermometer (in the shade) shows the temperature of the air. The hygrometer shows the degree of moisture present in the air, or its dampness. THE BAROMETER. The barometer, in its simplest form, consists of a glass. tube closed at one end, which is filled with pure mercury, and is a little less than three feet long. It is placed, standing upright with * The rise of level of the mercury is indicated in the case of a wheel baro- meter by the motion of the hand, from left to right, in the direction of the hands of a watch. The motion of the hand of an aneroid is similar. _ BAROMETER. 39 the open end downwardy, in a cup or cistern partially filled also with mercury. If this be done carefully, without allowing any air to get into the tube, the level of the mercury in the tube will sink until it stands at a height of about thirty inches above the mercury in the cistern. The space in the tube above the top of the column of mercury is then empty, forming what is called a vacuum. In general terms it may be said that the level of the mercury in the tube rises when the air becomes heavier,* falls when it be- comes lighter, and remains at rest when it is unchanged in weight. ATMOSPHERICAL PRESSURE. Air like all other substances has weight, and the atmosphere presses on every thing at the surface of the earth with a force or weight of nearly fifteen pounds on a square inch of surface. Wedo not feel this as a burden upon us as the tissues of our bodies allow the air to penetrate through them, and so the air in them supports the pressure of that outside them. Accordingly, we see that the air presses on the surface of the mercury in the cistern of the barometer with a force of about 15 lbs. on the square inch, and consequently it will keep up such a column of mercury in the glass barometer tube, standing in that cistern, as will press on the same surface with an equal downward force. Nowa cubic inch of mercury weighs about half a pound, so that 30 cubic inches weighs about 15 pounds. Accordingly a column of mercury 30 inches in height, in the tube, will press on a surface of the mercury in the cistern with a force of about 15 pounds on the square inch, or with the same force as the air outside the tube does. Every change which occurs in atmospherical pressure will be shown by the rising or falling of the mercury in the tube. If the liquid in the barometer were water instead of mercury, the column required to balance the pressure of the atmosphere would be thirteen and a half times higher than the column of mer- cury, because mercury is thirteen and a half times heavier than water. Water barometers have been made in this way, but they are not so handy or useful as mercurial barometers. However, in making an ordinary pump, use is made of the fact that the pressure of the atmosphere will support a column of water in an empty tube the lower end of wzich is plunged in water. The sucker draws the air out of the pipe, so that in a good pump, which ‘holds its charge,” the water would, if required, stand at a level of more than 30 feet above the surface of the well below. * To speak more borrectly, we should say that when the weight of the atmosphere becomes greater, it presses more heavily on the earth’s surface. 40 BAROMETER. EFFECT OF ELEVATION ABOVE SEA LEVEES It must be remembered that it is only at the level of the sea that the column of mercury in the barometer stands on the average at the height of 30 inches. If the instrument be placed on the top of a hill there will be a lesser thickness of air above it, and if at the bottom of a mine a greater, than there is at sea level; so in the former case the average height of the column will be less and in the latter greater than 30 inches. It is most important to bear this in mind, for the difference in the height of the column amounts to more than a tenth of an inch for each hundred feet of elevation above the sea or depression below it. MOTION OF THE BAROMETER. The barometer is commonly said to be falling when the level of the mercury in the tube is sinking, ( at which time its surface is frequently slightly concave or hollow,) or when the hand of a wheel barometer or aneroid moves to the left. On the other hand the barometer is said to be rising when the level of the mercury in the tube is rising, (at which time its surface is usually convex or rounded,) or when the hand of a wheel barometer or aneroid moves to the nght. GRADUATION OF SCALE. The scale for reading the barometer is divided into inches and tenths. For yet greater precision a sliding scale called a ‘« vernier”’ is attached. By means of this contrivance readings to hundredths and even thousandths of an inch can be obtained. ‘ BAROMETRICAL RANGE. In both Temperate Zones, and therefore in these islands, the mercury at sea level ranges, or rises and falls through a space of about three inches on extraordinary occasions, namely, between thirty-one inches (31.0) and twenty-eight inches (28.0) or even a little lower. An uninterrupted fall exceeding an inch and a half (I.51n.) 18 very scarce in this country. The usual range is from 30.5in. to about 29.0 in. Inthe Torrid Zone or near the Equator the mercury usually ranges only through the space of a few tenths, but on extraordinary occasions, such as the very severe storms called hurricanes or cyclones, the level sometimes falls as low as 27.0 in. ATTACHED THERMOMETER. The Thermometer attached to a barometer shows the tempera- ture of the mercury within the barmometer. The column of mer- cury in the barometer tube is a trifle longer or shorter according BAROMETER. 41 as it is warmer or colder, as will be explained hereafter; it is therefore necessary to allow for the difference in weight of the mercury which this produces when accurate observations of its length are being made. BAROMETER REDUCTIONS. All readings of the barometer intended for comparison with those taken elsewhere should be reduced to what they would have been had the instrument been at sea level, and had the temperature of the column been 31°. WORDS SCALE. The words which are generally placed on the scales of baro- meters are of no value as indications of weather,* for it is not to the mere height of the mercury in a barometer on a particular day that we ought to look in order to judge of the weather, but to the fact of its rising or falling or remaining steady. If having lately stood at Change it rises to Fair, it shows that a change of wind or weather is likely to take place; on the contrary, if having stood at Fair it then falls, it shows that there will probably be a change of wind or weather, though the level may not reach the point marked Change. It must be remembered that the changes of level of the murcury are much greater in winter than in summer, so that the same scale of words cannot suit all seasons. It is also evident that it cannot suit all stations, for if the mercury stands at “fair” at the sea level, it may stand at ‘change’ at a station situated at some height above it. A BAROMETER TELLS MORE ABOUT WIND THAN ABOUT RAIN. The barometer, feeling pressure of the air, shows at oce when the pressure is changing in amount. If, owing to any cause, the pressure at one place on the earth’s surface be greater than at another, the air has a tendency to move from the place where the pressure is greater towards that where it is less, and thus WIND is caused. Hence we see that the barometer shows pretty accurately when wind may be expected. A change of weather comes almost always with a change of wind, and the extentof this change of weather depends on the fact of the new wind being warmer or colder, damper or drier, than that which has been blowing. Now because landsmen generally, such as farmers and gardeners, care more about rain or snow than about wind, many people have fallen into the habit oflooking at the barometer in order to see whether the weather is going to be wet or fine, without thinking from what point the wind is blowing. Used in this way, the instrument will be at * The words referred to Not those proposed by Admiral Fiizroy. See p. 43. 42 BAROMETER least likely to mislead the person consulting it as to guide him aright. The barometer has but two motions, rising and falling, by which to indicate all changes of weather; and any conclusions drawn from its movements must be checked by observations of temperature, moisture of the air, present direction and force of wind, and state of the sky, before any correct opinion can be formed as to what may be expected. IMPORTANCE OF TELEGRAPHIC WEATHER REPORTS. It must be clearly understood that it is quite impossible to obtain a precise knowledge of the general conditions of the weather _by observing a barometer at one station only. For this purpose a knowledge of the state of the barometer at nearly the same time at several neighbouring stations. such as is to be learned from the Daily Telegraphic Weather Reports, is necessary. A manual such as this is intended to show no more than can be learnt by the help of a single barometer, as it is of course, quite impossible for many observers to gain access to these reports at an hour early enough for them to be able to make practical use of them. THE THERMOMETER. This instrument shows heat and cold, but does not show the pressure of the airin any way. The air has no access to the fluid in it. A thermometer consists of a long glass tube of very small bore, closed at one end, and having a small bulb filled with mer- cury at the other.* Almost all substances expand when they are heated andscontract when they are cooled. Mercury is véry much affected in this way, much more so than the glass which contains it so that when the thermometer is heated the mercury in the bulk expands, and a portion of it is forced into the tube, and the thin thread of mercury in the tube becomes ionger; when the instrument is cooled the mercury contracts, and the thin thread becomes shorter, as part of it is drawn back into the bulb. Thns, then, the ther- mometer shows, by means of the length of the thread of mercury, the temperature of the place where it is at the time. GRADUATION OF A THERMOMETER. The scale of the thermometer is divided into degrees. There are two fixed points on it, viz., that at which ice melts, and that at which water boils. In the thermometer in use in England, namely, that designed by Fahrenheit, the dstiance between these points * Thermometers intended for use in very cold climates are filled with spirit instead of mercury, because at the very low temperature at which mercury free- zes, spirit still remains liquid. BAROMETER 43 on the scale is divided into 180 degrees. The point at which ice melts is 32 degrees, and that at which water boils, when the barometer stands at 30 ins., 1s 212 degrees. RANGE OF TEMPERATURE. The usual range of the thermometer in the shade in the open air is about seventy degrees in England, viz., from 10° to 80°. In very hard frosts the temperature sometimes falls below ro°, and on very hot summer days it rises above 80°. If the sun shines on the instrument the mercury rises much higher. The range of the thermometer is greater in other countries, especially in the United States and Canada, where the winters are much colder and the summers much hotter than they are in this country. RULES TO EXPLAIN THE INDICATIONS OF THE INSTRUMENT. It should always be remembered that changes in weather gene- rally give signs of their coming for the instruments are affected before the wind actually beyins to blow or the rain to fall; thus they may be said to enable us to feel the pulse of the atmosphere. It must not be forgotton that the length of time which passes between the first appearance of a change of weather and its actual setting in is not always the same. It is much greater when a south-west wind is going to succeed a north-east wind than when the opposite change is about to take place. We shall see, a little further on, why this is the case, and also how the appearance of the sky will aid us in forming an opinion as to probable weather. The general principles on which the following rules are founded have been laid down by Professor Dove, of Berlin, on the basis of a long series of accurate observations made at several stations situated in the north Temperate Zone between the parallels of 40° and 65°, to which region they specially refer. The rules themselves may be shortly stated thus* :— * Admiral Fitzroy proposed the following words for barometer scales :--- Aiok, FALL. FOR FOR NortTH SOUTH N.W.-N.-E. S.E.-S.-W. DRY WET OR OR LESS MORE WIND. WIND. EXCEPT EXCEPT WET FROM WET FROM NORTH. NORTH. 44 BAROMETER. The average height of mercury in the barometer, at sea level, in the British Islands, is about 29.9 ins. EXPLANATION OF DOVE’S RULES. If the barometer rises steadily above its mean height while the weather gets colder and the air becomes drier, North-westerly, Northerly, North-easterly winds, or less wind, less rain or snow may generally be expected. On the contrary, if the barometer falls while the weather gets warmer and the air becomes damper, wind. and rain may be looked for from the South-east, South, or South-west. EXCEPTIONS. TO THE RULES: The deviations from these general principles which are noticed correspond to the various changes of weather. If the weather gets warmer while the barometer is high and wind North-easterly, we may look for a shift of wind to the South. — On the other hand, the weather sometimes becomes colder while the wind is South-westerly and the barometer low, and then we may look for a sudden squalls or perhaps a storm from the North- west, and a fall of snow if it be winter time. N.E. WINDS. | No absolute laws for weather can however be laid down; the most striking exceptions to the rules are those noticed by Admiral Fitzroy. They occur with North-east winds, which sometimes bring rain, sleet, or snow, especially during gales, although the barometer may be high and rising. On the other hand, when the wind is North-easterly and light, and the barometer begins to fall, rain may set in before the wind changes to East or East South- east. LAW OF “ VEERING” AND *“ BACKING” OF WIND: Besides these rules for the instruments, there is a rule about the way in which the wind changes, which is very important. It is well known to every sailor, and is contained in the following couplet— When the wind shifts against the sun, Trust it not, for back it will run. The wind usually shifts with the sun, i.e. from left to right in the Northern Hemisphere. A change in this direction is called veering. BAROMETER. 45 Thus an East wind shifts to West through South-east, South and South-west, and a West wind shiits to Hast through North- west, North, and North-east. If the wind shifts the opposite way, viz., from West to South- west, South, and South-east, the change is called backing, and it seldom occurs unless when the weather is unsettled. However, slight changes of wind do not follow this rule exactly; for instance, the wind often shitts from South-west to South and back again. WINDS: POLAR AND EQUATORIAL CURRENTS. In most parts of the world it has been observed that there are two prevailing wind-currents, whose direction vary with the cir- cumstances of the place, but are on the whole nearly opposite to each other. In these islands these directions are about North-east and South-west, and the latter of these winds blows for about ten times as many days in the year as the other does. What is it-that causes these winds to blow and makes them so different from each other as we know them to be? ‘he simplest account of them is that the air is always flowing towards the equator from the poles and back again. It then forms two great currents; one is called the Polar current—as it flows frem the direction of the pole, and is felt here as North-east wind. ‘The other is called the Equatorial current—-as it flows from the direction of the equator, and is felt here as a South-west wind. The air of the Polar current has been chilled, and is heavy, cold, and dry: while it is blowing, the barometer is high and the weather usually dry. The air of the Equatorial current has been heated, and is light, warm, and moist: while is is blowing, the barometer is low and the weather usually wet. If we keep the idea ofthese two great wind-currents clearly in our heads, we shall easily understand most of the signs of the weather which are noticed. ; SOUTH-WEST WINDS GIVE EARLY NOTICE OF THEIR COMING. The air of the equatorial current is lighter than that of the polar, and so southerly winds will begin to blow aloft before they are felt on the ground, while northerly winds will begin to blow close to the ground. Accordingly South-west winds give much 46 BAROMETER. more warning of their coming than North-easterly ones. The South- west wind will often show itself first by long streaks of cirrus cloud at a great height, called ‘‘mare’s tails;” or, when a gale is very near, by driving scud. SIGNS OF WEATHER. Signs of weather, such as those just noticed, are important to any one watching for changes, as they will enable him to confirm or modify the opinions formed from the behaviour of his instru- ments. | : MOTION OF INSTRUMENTS. As to the instruments themselves, we have already seen that when the barometer rises, owing to a change of wind, the weather usually becomes colder; while when the barometer falls, owing to change of wind, the weather usually becomes warmer. BAROMETER HIGH.AND STEADY. If the barometer be high ( above 30.5 inches), and remain steady for some days, it is because there is, so to speak, a surplus of air at that place. The wind will be light, and the weather will probably be dry. A gale can set in only when the air flows away, and it will not at first be severe at the place. BAROMETER LOW AND STEADY. If the barometer be low (below 29.0 inches) and remain steady, there is a deficiency of air at the place. The wind will be light also, but the weather will probably be cloudy and wet. However, there may be fine weather for a time, what is calleda ‘“ pet day,” but there is great danger ofa serious storm, because the air will try to force its way into the district where the readings are low, and increase the pressure there, so as to restore the atmospherical equilibrium. BAROMETER RISING SLOWLY. If the barometer rises slowly from a low level, the weather may become drier, and the wind lighter, or perhaps die away, ‘There may also be local fogs. BAROMETER FALLING SLOWLY, If the barometer falls gradually from a high level, the weather may become wetter and more unpleasant, and there will never be a certainty of having a fine day, though there need not be much wind. BAROMETER. 47 In general, whenever the level of the mercury continues steady . we may expect settled weather, but when it is unsteady we must look for a change and perhaps a serious gale. SUDDEN CHANGES. A sudden rise of the barometer is very nearly as bad a sign as a sudden fall, because it shows that atmospherical equilibrium is unsteady. In an ordinary gale the wind often blows hardest when the barometer is just beginning to rise, directly after having been very low : UNCERTAINTY OF CONCLUSIONS BASED ON OBSER- VATIONS FROM ISOLATED STATIONS. It must never be forgotten that it is impossible for any one to interpret the meaning of all the changes in his barometer, at first, or perhaps for a day or two, inasmuch as he requires to learn what is going on at stations in his neighbourhood, for without this information he cannot know whether these changes are due to mere local causes, or are the first symptoms of the approach of a more serious disturbance. A storm may be raging at a comparatively short distance from him, but the diameter, taken by itself will not necessarily enable him to detect its existence. However in many cases a good guess at what is likely to happen may be formed by an experienced observer who watches his instrument closely. He will, however, require to call to his aid not only observations of the temperature and the dampness of the air, but all his experience as to the influence of the several seasons, the ordinary character of the weather at the place, and the local signs of its change. DAILY WEATHER REPORTS. The Daily Weather Reports issued by the Meteorological Office are calculated to render important service to any one who wishes to study weather; they contain observations made daily at 8 a.m. at twenty British and about as many foreign stations.* Great care has been taken to ensure the accuracy of these reports, and the result is that a mass of information of very great value is published every day. The table shows the readings ofthe barometer, and the dry and wet bulb thermometers, the direction and force of the wind, &c., and from it a very good idea may be gathered of the weather which is actually prevailing on or near our coasts. This Report is published in the newspapers and is sent by post to coast stations. It is of course impossible that it can reach observers at a distance from London in time to be of any use for the * A few stations send reports at 2 p.m. also. 48. BAROMETER. day on which the observations are taken, but a study of the Report of the previous day will often be of very great service to any one seeking to gain a knowledge of probable weather. CHANGES OF WEATHER USUALLY COME FROM THE WEST. When we look at these Weather Reports for two or three days together, we find that it is very seldom that a change of weather or a storm is felt along one line of coast, and nowhere else, for more than 24 hours ata time. Generally wet weather begins in Ireland at least a day sooner than it does in England; and as for storms, we need only give as an instance the storm of December 1, 1867, which began on the south coast of Ireland, on the afternoon of the 29th of November, nearly 36 hours before it reached London; or the gales of October 12 and 13, 1870. We say generally, because some changes of weather travel faster than others, and they.do not all of them move from West to East. BUYS BALLOT’S LAW. As regards the use which may be made of these reports a most important principle has been discovered of late years. Professor Buys Ballot, of Utrecht, and others, have shown that we can tell with considerable certainty what wind may be expected to blow at any place, if we know the readings of the barometer, taken a short time previously, at a number of stations situated within a distance of, say, 100 or 200 miles from that place. The rule is: Stand with your left hand towards the place where the barometrical reading is lowest, and with your right hand towards that where it is the highest, and you will have your back to the direction of the wind which will blow during the day. hus the wid may be expected to be:— Easterly when the pressure is highest in the North, lowest in the South ; Southerly pressure highest in East, lowest in West; Westerly - " South xe North ; Northerly x -- West 3 East. The force of the wind on each day bears some proportion to the amount of difference in barometrical readings noticed between any BAROMETER. 49 two stations situated near the place where the wind was felt. Thus we find that it has been shown that a Westerly gale hardly ever blows in the British Isles unless, at least a few hours before, the pressure in the North of Scotland is half an inch less in amount than it is on the South coast of England. We shall return to this subject when dealing with Weather Telegraphy. At present it is sufficient for us to say, with reference to the principles above laid down for the behaviour of the instrument, that whenever a storm is blowing, the level of the barometer will be very different at stations near each other, so that as the storm travels across the country, the barometer at any station will snow signs of its coming and going by the mercury sinking or rising in the tube. ‘This shows us why it is that when the barometer is steady, there is no great likelihood of a sudden change of weather, while when it is changing quickly, there is great danger of the wind freshening to a gale. COLOUR, OF SKY. «¢ A few of the more marked siens of weather*—useful alike to ‘‘ seaman, farme at card he foll : r, and gar Beers nae e following :— ‘* Whether, clear or cloudy—a rosy sky at sunset presages fine ‘‘ weather :—a sickly, greenish hue, wind and rain; tawny, or ** coppery clouds—wind: a dark (or Indian ) red, rain; a red ‘“« sky in the morning bad weather, or much wind ( perhaps also ‘‘ rain) :—a grey sky in the morning, fine weather,—a high dawn, ‘“* wind :—a low dawn, fair weather.”’ || *« Soft-looking or delicate clouds foretell fine weather, with *‘ moderate or light breezes :—hard edged oily-looking clouds,— “wind. Adark, gloomy blue sky is windy ;—but a light, bright ‘« blue sky indicates fine weather. Generally, the softer clouds look, the less wind (but perhaps more rain ) may be expected ;— ‘and the harder, more ‘ greasy,’ rolled, tufted, or ragged,—the » ‘‘ stronger the coming wind will prove. Also—a bright yellow sky at sunset presages wind; a pale yellow, wet: or orange or copper coloured, wind and rain—and thus by the prevalence of red, yellow, green, grey, or other tints, the coming weather may be foretold very nearly :—indeed, if aided by instruments, almost sen AGU y: * This account of weather signs is extracted from that given by Admiral Fitzroy. || ‘‘ A ‘high dawn ’ is when the first indications of daylight are seen above “a bank of clouds, A‘low dawn’ is when the day breaks on or near the ‘ horizon, the first streaks of light being very low down,” 50 BAROMETER. oe ‘ nm ‘ ww ‘‘ Light, delicate, quiet tints or colours, with soft, indefinite forms of clouds, indicate and accompany fine weather; but gaudy or unusual hues, with hard, definitely outlined clouds, foretell rain, and probably strong wind. CLOUDS. ‘ Small inky-looking clouds foretell rain :—lght scud clouds driving across heavy masses, show wind and rain; but, if alone, may indicate wind only—proportionate to their motion. ‘High upper clouds crossing the sun, moon, or stars, ina direction different from that of the lower clouds, or the wind then felt below,—foretell a change of wind toward their direction. ‘« After fine clear weather, the first signs, in a sky, of a coming change, are usually light streaks, curls, wisps, or mottled patches of white distant cloud, which increase and are followed by an overcasting of murky vapour that grows into cloudiness. This appearance, more or less oily, or watery, as wind or rain will prevail, is an infallible sign. ‘‘ Usually the higher and more distant such clouds seem to ‘‘ be,—the more gradual, but, general, the coming change of weather wn wn wn ns n wn nw ww iad will prove. ‘‘ Misty clouds forming, or hanging on heights, show wind and rain coming—if they remain, increase or descend. If they rise, or disperse—the weather will improve, or become fine. FLIGHT OF SEA- BIRDS. ‘‘ When sea-birds fly out early, and far to seaward, moderate wind and fair weather may be. expected. When they hang about the land, or over it, sometimes flying inland, strong winds with stormy weather are probable. As, besides birds, many creatures are affected by the approach of rain or wind: their indications should not be slighted by an observer who. wishes to foresee changes. DEW. ‘© Dew is an indication of coming fine weather. Its formation never begins under an overcast sky, or when there is much wind. CLEARNESS OF THE AIR. ‘‘ Remarkable clearness of atmosphere, especially near the horizon: distant objects, such as hills, unusually visible, or WEATHER. 51 ‘““ well defined; or raised (by refraction )*—and what is called “a good hearing day’, may be mentioned among signs of wet “if not wind, to be expected, in a short time. ‘‘More than usual twinkling or apparent size of the stars; ‘‘indistinctness or apparent multiplication of the moon’s horns; “halos; ‘wind-dogs’,||—and the rainbow; are more or less ‘“‘ significant of increasing wind, if not approaching rain, with or ‘‘ without wind. WIND DYING DOWN AT NIGHT. “Near land, in sheltered harbours, in valleys, or over low “‘eround, there is usally a marked diminution of wind and a “‘dispersion of cloud during the early part of the night. At ‘*‘such times an eye on an overlooking height may see a: body of *‘ vapour extending below (rendered visible by the cooling of night “‘ which seems to check the wind.” WEATHER, A COMPLETE CHANGE “WITH THE SUN.” A few remarks as to the ordinary varieties of,weather, and as to storms, based, as before, on the principles laid down by Dove,t may be of use. Commencing with the usual wind in these islands, the true equatorial current, blowing from the South-west. If the wind shifts from South-west through West to North, the barometer rises and the thermometer falls. While this change is going on we frequently have in winter snow, in spring sleet, and in summer, ifthe weather be hot, thunder-storms, after which the weather gets cooler. If the wind draws further round through North to North-east, the weather becomes clearer, the barometer high, and the air dry; and in winter there is generally a hard frost. After a frost, as soon as the barometer begins to fall, the wind veers * «Much refraction is a sign of easterly wind.” || <‘ Fragments or pieces (as it were ) of rainbows (sometimes called ‘ wind- ‘« galls’) seen on detached clouds.” + See his Law of Storms (London, 1862 ), p. 300. ne WEATHER. towards East, thin streaks of whitish clouds cover the sky, and the snow which falls comes from the South wind which has set in aloft already. If the barometer falls quickly the snow turns to rain, while the wind veers further through South-east and South to South-west. SIGNS OF SOUTHERLY WINDS. The change from a clear sky to a cloudy one almost always begins with the appearance of long streaks of cloud, pointing from S. or S.E. towards N. or N.W., which show the track of the southerly wind in the sky. At night we often see rings (halos ) round the moon when such clouds as these are observed. If they stretch right across the sky, forming what is called a ‘‘ Noah’s Ark,” we know that the wind above us has set in in earnest, and that wet weather is sure to follow. REASONS THAT ATMOSPHERE CLEARS BEFORE RAIN. The probable reason that the air clears and that mountains look near just before rain is that after a long spell of dry weather there is a great deal of dust in the air, and when the air gets damp, as it does just before rain, the moisture settles on the dust and makes it sink, leaving the air clear. RAINBOW. Our rain comes generally from the West side, so that a clear sunset tends to show that the weather will be fine for a little time, as there are no clouds to the West of us. On the same principle the saying— A rainbow in the morning Is the sailor’s warning, A rainbow at night Is the shepherd's delight, may be explained. In the morning the sun is to the East of us, and the rain which occasions the rainbow must be falling to the Westward, and therefore likely to come over us. In the evening, if we see a rainbow it must be in the East, and the sky must be clear in the West. SKY CLEARING AT NIGHT NOT A CERTAIN SIGN OF FINE WEATHER. However, after a wet day the whole of the sky often clears at night. This is not a certain sign of fine weather. The clouds may, and often do, form just as heavily after sunrise next morning. | WEATHER : 53 THUNDER - STORMS. Thunderstorms almost always occur when the weather is hot for the season: they are generally caused by a cold wind coming over a place where the air is much heated. They do not cool the air: it is the wind which brings them which makes the weather cooler. Thunderstorms are more violent the greater the difference of temperature between the two currents of wind which produce them: they are most frequent in these islands in summer, but are also very common in stormy weather in autumn on our West and North coasts. SUDDEN RISE OF BAROMETER, witH roc, DANGEROUS If in winter the barometer suddenly rises very high, and a thick fog sets in, it is a sure sign that the S.W. and the N.E. winds are, aS sailors say, fighting each other. Neither of them can make head against each other, and there is a calm; but there is great danger of such a state of things being followed by a bad gale. Thus the storm of December 1, 1867, before referred to, was preceded by a very high pressure with a great deal of fog, at the entrance of the English Channel, where the gale first began. STORMS. The changes shown by the instruments in stormy weather are like those just described, but they take place more quickly and are greater when they come. The storms which are felt on our coasts are generally South- westerly, during which the wind may blow from any point between South-east, round by South, to West and West-north-west. SOUTH-WEST GALES. In winter, after a prevalence of Easterly winds, if the barometer begins to fall, and the thermometer to rise, the sky being densely clouded, a gale which commences to blow from South-east will veer to South-west, while the barometer falls constantly. As soon as the wind passes the South-west point, the barometer begins to rise, the thermometer falls suddenly, a heavy shower of rain falls, and a strong West-north-west or North-west wind may follow, with a clear sky. WIND BACKING. If the wind ‘‘backs” from North-west towards West and South- west, the bad weather is very likely to continue. Most of these gales are felt first on the west coast of Ireland, and later at stations lying to the eastward. Accordingly. if the 54 WEATHER. change of direction of the wind takes place rapidly, the storm may be blowing from North-west on the coast of Ireland, while it is only beginning to blow from South or South-south-east on the east coast of England. THE RING ROUND THE MOON. This ring is a sure sign of wet weather, and the distance it is from the moon, or the greater diameter, the longer it will be before the wet comes ; the nearer the moon, or the smaller diameter, the sooner the wet weather will appear. STORM SIGNALS Hoisted at the Coast Guard Stations, and principal Ports, on receipt of Telegrams from the Meteorological Department of the Board of Trade, London. They are only shown till the evening of the day upon which the Telegram is issued, unless otherwise directed, and advert to winds during part of the next following two or three days. Gale probably from Galeprolably from Dangerous winds Dangerous winds, Dangerous winds, the northward, the southward. may be expected probably at first probably at first from nearly eppo from the northward from the southward. site quarters suc- cessively, ay) RULE OF THE ROAD. The general rule of the road for steamers is precisely the same as the general rule of the pavement for foot passengers in London, and in all our large towns; viz., that in all ordinary cases two steam ships, like two pedestrians, meeting face to face, or ‘“end on or nearly end on,” so as to involve risk of collision, shall port, that is to say, shall keep to the right, so that each may pass on the port (left ) side of the other. Nothing can be more simple than this; but the man who will persist in crossing right over the pavement if, when proceeding along the left-hand side, he see another man coming along to his own right on the other side, can- not justify his proceeding by the rule. He will obviously get in the way of the other. The very great majority of collisions happen through bad’look- out, and neglect to show lights. No rule of the road can meet these cases. | Many collisions are caused through the fixed belief of some sailors that it is right, under the present rule of the road, to port under all circumstances. This is, as has been shown above, an entire misapprehension of the rule. The rule is not to blame for these collisions. Many collisions are caused through neglect, misapplication, and utter ignorance of the rule of the road. No rules, however perfect, can meet these cases. The rules are good; but some seamen have failed to make themselves acquainted with them, or have not acted on them when they ought, o1 as they ought. The legislature cannot make care- less people careful, nervous people strong, ignorant people wise, dull people bright, or sleepy people wakeful. Let them enact rules for ever, collisions will continue to happen, through ignorance, bad look-out, and carlessness, just in the same way that ships will continue to be wrecked and stranded from the same causes, and from neglect of the lead, and other omissions. The legislature have done their part. They have made plain, simple, effective rules. The seaman must now do his part in car- rying these rules into practice, in the manner and in the spirit intended by the framers ; and the advocate and jurist must do his part by investigating and understanding them. It is wise to leave the rules as they are, and to explain the meaning of the framers of the rules by suitable aud proper diagrams if necessary; rather than on the other hand, to aim at uniformity by requiring ships to port or starboard, without any necessity, under all circumstances, and at all risks. 56 LIGHTS, FOG SIGNALS, AND SAILING RULES. PROVISIONS | RESPECTING LIGUTS, FOG SIGNALS, & SAILING RULES CONTAINED IN THE MERCHANTS SHIPPING ACT, 1862. ENACTMENT or REGULATIONS CONCERNING LIGHTS FOG SIGNALS, anp SAILING RULES 1n SCHEDULE, TABLE a(.O)% On and after the first day of June one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, or such later day as may be fixed for the purpose by Order in Council, the Regulations contained in the Table marked (C.) in the Schedule hereto shall come into operation, and be of the same force as if they were enacted in the body of this Act; but Her Majesty may from time to'time, on the joint recommendation of the Admiralty and the Board of Trade, by Order in Council, annul or modify any of the said Regulations, or make new Regulations in addition thereto or in substitution thereof ; and any alterations in or additions to such Regulations made in manner aforesaid shall be of the same force as the Regulations in the said Schedule. REGULATIONS TO BE PUBLISHED: The Board of Trade shall cause the said Regulations, aad any alterations therein or additions thereto hereafter to be made, to be printed, and shall furnish a copy thereof to any owner or master of aship who applies for the same; and production of the Gazette in which any Order in Council containing such Regulations, or any alterations therein or additions thereto, is published, or of a copy of such Regulations, alterations, or additions, signed by one of the Secretaries or Assistant Secretaries of the Board of Trade, or sealed or purporting to be sealed with the seat of the Board of Trade, shall be sufficient evidence of the due making and purport of such Regulations, alterations, or additions. OWNERS AND MASTERS BOUND TO OBEY THEM. All owners and masters of ships shall be bound to take notice of all such Regulations as aforesaid, and shall, so long as the same continue in force, be bound to obey them, and to carry and exhibit no other lights and use no other fog signals than such as are required by the said Regulations; and in case of wilful default, the master, or the owner of the ship, if it appear that he was in such fault, shall, for each occasion upon which such Regulations are infringed, be deemed to be guilty of a misdemeanor. * See Order in Council. LIGHTS, FOG SIGNALS, AND SAILING RULES. 57. BREACHES OF REGULATIONS TO IMPLY DEFAULT OF PERSON IN CHARGE. In case any damage to person or property arises from the non-observance by any ship of any Regulation made by or in pursuance of this Act, such damage shall be deemed to have been occasioned by the wilful default of the person in charge of the deck of such ship at the time, unless it is shown to the satisfaction of the Court that the circumstances of the case made a departure from the regulation necessary. IF COLLISION ENSUES FROM BREACH OF THE REGULATIONS, SHIP TO BE DEEMED IN FAULT. If in any case of collision it appears to the Court before which the case is tried that such collision was occasioned by the non- observance of any Regulation made by or in pursuance of this Act, the ship by which such Regulation has been infringed shall be deemed to be in fault, unless it is shown to the satisfaction of the Court that the circumstances of the case made a departure from the Regulation necessary. INSPECTION FOR ENFORCING REGULATIONS. The following steps may be taken in order to enforce com- pliance with the said Regulations ; that is to say, (1.) The surveyors appointed under the Third Part of the Principal Act, or such other persons as the Board of Trade may appoint for the purpose, may inspect any ships for the purpose of seeing that such ships are pro- perly provided with lights and with the means of making fog signals in pursuance of the said Regulations, and shall for that purpose have the powers given to Inspectors by the 14th section of the Principal Act. (2.) If any such surveyor or person finds that any ship is not provided, he shall give to the master or owner notice in writing, pointing out the deficiency, and also what is, in his opinion, requisite in order to remedy the same. (3,) Every notice so given shall be communicated in such manner as the Board of Trade may direct to the col- lector or collectors of Customs at any port or ports from which such ship may seek to clear, or at which her transire is to be obtained ; and no collector to whom such communication is made shall clear such ship outwards, or grant her a transire, or allow her to proceed to sea 58 LIGHTS, FOG SIGNALS, AND SAILING RULES. without a certificate under the hand of one of the said surveyors or other persons appointed by the Board of © Trade as aforesaid, to the effect that the said ship is properly provided with lights and with the means of making fog signals in pursuance of the said Regulations.. RULES FOR HARBOURS UNDER LOCAL ACTS TO CONTINUE IN FORCE. Any Rules concerning the lights or signals to be carried by vessels navigating the waters of any harbour, river, or other inland navigation, or concerning the steps for avoiding collision to be taken by such vessels, which have been or are hereafter made by or under the authority of any Local Act, shall continue and be of full force and effect, notwithstanding anything in this Act or in the Schedule thereto contained. IN HARBOURS AND RIVERS WHERE NO SUCH RULES EXIST THEY MAY BE. MADE In the case of any harbour, river, or other inland navigation for which such Rules are not and cannot be made by or under the authority of any Local Act, it shall be lawful for Her Majesty in Council, upon application from the harbour trust or body corporate, if any, owning or exercising jurisdiction upon the waters of such harbour, river, or inland navigation, or, if there is no Such harbour trust or body corporate, upon application from persons interested in the navigation of such waters, to make rules concerning the lights or signals to be carried, and concerning the steps for avoiding collision to be taken by vessels navigating such | waters; and such Rules, when so made, shall, so far as regards vessels navigating such waters, have the same effect as if they were Regulations contained in Table (C.) in the Schedule to this Act, notwithstanding anything in this Act or in the Schedule thereto contained. IN CASE OF COLLISION ONE SHIP SHALL ASSIST THE OTHER. In every case of collision between two ships it shall be the duty of the person in charge of each ship, if and so far as he can do without danger to his own ship and crew, to render to the other ship, her master, crew, and passengers (if any), such assistance as may be practicable and may be necessary in order to save them from any danger caused by the collision. INTERNATIONAL STEERING AND SAILING RULES. 59 In case he fails so to do, and no reasonable excuse for such failure is shown, the collision shall, in the absence of proof to the contrary, be- deemed to have been caused by his wrongful act, neglect, or default; and such failure shall also, if proved upon any investigation held under the Third or the Eighth Part of the Princi- pal Act, be deemed to be an act of misconduct or a default for which his certificate (if any) may be cancelled or suspended. INTERNATIONAL STEERING AND SAILING RULES. Reprinted from the Order in Council of the gth Fanuary, 1863. REGULATIONS FOR PREVENTING COLLISIONS AT SEA, &C. PRELIMINARY. Art. 1. In the following Rules every steam ship which is under sail and not under steam is to be considered a sailing ship; and every steam ship which is under steam, whether under sail or not, is to be considered a ship under steam. RULES CONCERNING LIGHTS. Art. 2. The lights mentioned in the following Articles, num- bered 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and g, and no others, shall be carried in all weathers, from sunset to sunrise. LIGHTS FOR STEAM SHIPS. Art.3. Seagoing steam ships when under weigh shall carry: (a.) At the Foremast Head a bright white light, so fixed as to show an uniform and unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 20 points of the compass ; so fixed as to throw the light Io points on each side of the ship, viz., from right ahead to two points abaft the beam on either side ; and of such a character as to be visible ona dark night, with aclear atmosphere, at a distance of at least five miles: 60 INTERNATIONAL STEERING AND SAILING RULES. (b.) On the Starboard Side, a green light, so constructed as to show an uniform and unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 10 points of the compass; so fixed as to throw the light from right ahead to two points abaft the beam on the starboard side; and of such a character as to be visible on a dark night, with a clear atmosphere, at.a distance of at least two miles: (c.) On the Port Side, a red light, so constructed as to show an unifiorm and unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 10 points of the compass; so fixed as to throw the light from right ahead to two points abaft the beam on the port side; and of such a character as to be visible on a dark night, with a clear atmosphere, at a distance of at least two miles: (d.) The said green aud red side lights shall be fitted with inboard screens, projecting at least three feet forward from the light, so as to prevent these lights from being seen across the bow. LIGHTS FOR STEAM TUGS. Art. 4. Steam ships when towing other ships, shall carry two bright white mast-head lights vertically, in addition to their sidé lights, so as to distinguish them from other steam ships. Each of these mast-head lights shall be of the same construction and character as the mast-head lights which other steam ships are required to carry. LIGHTS FOR SAILING SHIPS Art. 5. Sailing ships under weigh, or being towed, shall carry the same lights as steam ships under weigh, with the exception of tze white mast-head lights, which they shall never carry. EXCEPTIONAL LIGHTS FOR SMALL SAILING VESSELS. Art. 6. Whenever, as in case of small vessels during bad weather, the green and red lights cannot be fixed, these lights shall be kept on deck, on their respective sides of the vessel ready for instant exhibition; and shall, on the approach of or to other vessels, be exhibited on their respective sides in sufficient time to prevent collision, in such manner as to make them most visible, and so that the green light shall not be seen on the port side, nor the red light on the starboard side. To make the use of these portable lights more certain and easy, the lanterns containing them shall each be printed outside with the colour of the light they respectively contain, and shall be provided with suitable screens. INTERNATIONAL STEERING AND SAILING RULES. 61 LIGHTS? FOR SHIPS ‘AT “ANCHOR. 7 Art. 7. Ships, whether steam ships or sailing ships, when a anchor in roadsteads or fairways. shall exhibit, where it can bes be seen, but at a height not exceeding 20 feet above the hull, a white light, in a globular: lantern of eight inches in diameter, and so constructed as to show a clear uniform and unbroken light visible all round the horizon, and at a distance of at least one mile. PIGHES FOR PILOT VESSELS. Art. 8. Sailing pilot vessels shall not carry the lights required for other sailing vessels, but shall carry a white light at the mast head, visible all round the horizon, and shall also exhibit a flare-up light every 15 minutes. Panis FOR FISHING VESSELS AND: BOATS. Art. 9. Open fishing boats and other open boats shall not be required to carry the side lights required for other vessels; but shall, if they do not carry such lights, carry a lantern having a green slide on the one side and a red slide on the other side; and, on the approach of or to other vessels, such lantern shall be exhibited in sufficient time to prevent collision, so that the green light shall not be seen on the port side, nor the red light on the starboard side. « Fishing vessels and open boats when at anchor, or attached to their nets and stationary, shall exhibit a bright white light. Fishing vessels and opén boats shall, however, not be pre- vented from using a flare-up, in addition, if considered expedient,* RULES CONCERNING FOG SIGNALS. Art. to. Whenever there is fog, whether by day or night, the fog signals described below shall be carried and used, and shall be sounded at least every five minutes; viz.,— | (a.) Steam ships under weigh shall use a steam whistle placed before the funnel, not less than eight feet from the deck: (b.) Sailing ships under weigh shall use a fog horn : (c.) Steam ships and sailing ships when not under weigh shall use a bell. * For the lights required by the Sea Fisheries Act, 1868, to be carried by English and French Boats fishing with Drift Nets see Drift Net Fishing. 62 INTERNATIONAL STEERING AND SAILING RULES. TWO SAILING SHIPS MEETING. Art. 11. If two sailng ships are meeting end on, or nearly end on,* so as to involve risk of collision, the helms or both shall be put to port, so that each may pass on the port side of the other. ; TWO SAILING SHIPS CROSSING. Art. 12. When two sailing ships are crossing so as to involve risk of collision, then, if they have the wind on different sides, the ship with the wind on the port side shall keep out of the way of the ship with the wind on the starboard side; except in the case in which the ship with the wind on the port side is close hauled and the other ship free, in which case the latter ship shall keep out of the way; but if they have the wind on tie same side, or if one of them has the wind aft, the ship which is to windward shall keep out of the way of the ship which is to leeward. . TWO SHIPS UNDER STEAM MEETING. both shall be put to port, so that each may pass on the port side of the other. TWO SHIPS UNDER STEAM CROSSING. Art. 14. If two ships under steam are crossing so as to involve risk of collision, the ship which has the other on her own star- board side shall keep out of the way of the other. SAILING SHIP AND SHIP UNDER STEAM. Art, 15. Iftwo ships, one of which is a sailing ship, and the other a steam ship, are proceeding in such directions as. to involve risk of collision, the steam ship shall keep out of the way of the sailing ship. SHIP UNDER STEAM TO SLACKEN SPEED. Art. 16, Every steam ship, when approaching another ship so as to involve risk of collision, shall slacken her speed, or, if necessary, stop and reverse; and every steam ship shall, when in a fog, go at a moderate speed. * For the meaning of ‘‘two ships meeting end on or nearly end on” see page 66. a A:t. 13. If two ships under steam are meeting end on, or ~ nearly end on,* so as to involve risk of collision, the helms of #= INTERNATIONAL STEERING AND SAILING RULES. 63 VESSELS OVERTAKING OTHER VESSELS. Art. 17. Every vessel overtaking any other vessel shall keep out of the way of the said last mentioned vessel. CONSTRUCTION OF ARTICLES 12, 14, 15, AND 17. Art. 18. Where by the above Rules one of two ships is to keep out of the way, the other shall keep her course subject to the qualifications contained in the following Article. PROVISO TO SAVE SPECIAL CASES. Art. 19. In obeying and construing these Rules, due regard must be had to all dangers of navigation; and due regard must also be had to any special circumstances which may exist in any particular case rendering a departure from the above Rules neces- sary in order to avoid immediate danger. NO SHIP, UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES, TO NEGLECT PROPER PRECAUTIONS. Art. 20. Nothing in these Rules shall exonerate any ship, or the owner or master or crew thereof, from the consequences of _any neglect to carry lights or signals, or of any neglect to keep a proper look-out, or of the neglect of any precaution which may be required by the ordinary practice of seamen, or by the special circumstances of the case. 64 ORDER: IN oCQU NCH: EXPLAINING ARTICLES 11 AND 13 OF THE RULES FOR PREVENTING COLLISIONS AT SEA. —_— = At the Court at Osborne House, Isle of Wight, the 30th day of July, 1868. PRESENT, The QuEEN’s most Excellent Majesty in Council. WHEREAS by ‘The Merchant Shipping Act Amendment Act, 1862,” it was enacted, that on and after the first day of June one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, or such later day as might be fixed for the purpose by Order in Council, the Regulations contained in the Table marked © in the Schedule to the said Act should come into operation and be of the same force as if they were enacted in the body of the said Act: but that Her Majesty might from time to time, on the joint recommendation of the Admiralty and the Board of Trade, by Order in Council, annul or modify any of the said Regulations, or make new Regulations in addition thereto or in substitution thereof; and that any alterations in, or addition to, such Regulations made in manner aforesaid should be of the same force as the Regulations in the said Schedule: And whereas, by the same Act, it was further provided, that whenever it should be made to appear to Her Majesty that the Government of any Foreign Country is willing that the regulations for preventing collision contained in Table C in the Schedule to the said Act, or such other Regulations for preventing collision as are for the time being in force under the said Act, should apply to the ships of such country when beyond the limits of British jurisdiction, Her Majesty might, by Order in Council, direct that such Regu- lations shall apply to the ships of the said foreign country, whether within British jurisdiction or not; and it was further provided by the said Act, that whenever an Order in Council had been issued applying any Regulation made by orin pursuance of the said Act to the ships of any foreign country, such ships should, in all cases arising in any British court, be deemed to be subject to such regu- lation, and should, for the purpose of such Regulation, be treated as if they were British ships: ORDER IN COUNCIL. 65 And whereas by an Order in Council made in pursuance of the said recited Act, and dated the ninth day of January one thousand eignt hundred and sixty-three, Her Majesty was pleased to direct :— First, that the Regulations contained in the Schedule to the said Act should be modified by the substitution for such Regulations of certain Regulations appended to the said Order ; Secondly, that the said Regulations appended to the said Order should, on and after the first day of June one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, apply to French ships, whether within British jurisdiction or not: And whereas by several Orders in Council subsequently made, Her Majesty has peen pleased to direct that the Regulations appended to the said Order of the ninth of January one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three shall apply to ships of the following countries, whether within British jurisdiction or not; that is Oven ys Austria. Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Argentine Republic. Morocco, Belgium. Netherlands. ? brazil, Norway. Bremen. Oldenburg. Chili. Peru: Denmark Proper. Portugal. Equator (Republic of the). Prussia. France. Roman States. Great Britain. Russia. Greece Schleswig. Hamburg. Spain. Hanover. Sweden. Hawaiian Islands. Turkey. Hayti. United States, Seagoing Ships. Italy. United States, Inland Waters. Lubeck. Uruguay. And whereas Articles 11 and 13 of the said Regulations appended to the said recited Order of the ninth of January one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three are as follows; that is to say :-— 66 ORDER IN COUNCIL. Article 11. “If two sailing ships are meeting end on, or ‘¢ nearly end on, so as to involve risk of collision, the helms of both ‘‘ shall be put to port, so that each may pass on the port side of the Se rOtnets ; Article 13. ‘If two ships under steam are meeting end on, or ‘‘ nearly end on, so as to involve risk of collision, the helms of ‘‘ both shall be put to port, so that each may pass on the port side ‘* of the other.” And whereas there has been doubt or misapprehension con- cerning the effect of the said two Articles: And whereas the Admiralty and the Board of Trade have jointly recommended toHer Majesty to make the following additions to the said Regulations, for the purpose of explaining the said recited Articles and of removing the said doubt and misapprehen- sion : Now, therefore, Her Majesty, by virtue of the powers vested ii Her by the said recited Act, and by and with the advice of Her Privy Council, is pleased to make the following additions to the said Regulations by way of explanation of the said two recited Articles ; that is to say: | The said two Articles numbered 11 and 13 respectively only apply to cases where ships are meeting end on, or nearly end on, in such a manner as to involve risk of collision. They, consequently, do not apply to two ships which must, if both keep on their respective courses, pass clear of each other. The only case in which the said two Articles apply are when each of the two ships is end on, or nearly end on, to the other ; in other words, to cases in which, by day, each ship sees the mast of the other in a line, or nearly in a line, with her own; and bynight, to cases in which each ship is in ‘such a position as to see both the side lights of the other. The said two Articles do not apply by day, to cases in which a ship sees another a-head crossing her own course; or by night, to cases where the red light of one ship is opposed to the red light of the other; or where the green light of one ship is opposed to the green light of the other; or where a red light without a green light, or a green light without a red light, is seen a-head; or where both green and red lights are seen anywhere but a-head. 67 * HEADS OF EXAMINATION IN REGULATIONS RESPECTING LIGHTS AND FOG SIGNALS AND IN THE STEERING AND SAILING RULES. 1. What light or lights are required by the regulations to be exhibited by sailing vessels at anchor in a roadstead or fairway ? One light only; viz, a white light. 2. What light or lights are requifed by the regulations to be exhibited by steam-ships in a roadstead or fairway at anchor? The same as for sailing vessels. 3. Where is the anchor light to be exhibited ° Where it can best be seen. It must of course be placed where there is the least possible chance of obstruction from spars, ropes, &c., &c. 4. To what height may the anchor light be hoisted ? It may be exhibited at a height of 20 feet above the deck, but not higher. 5. What is the description of the lantern containing the anchor light required by the regulations? Globular. peril what direction or directions must the anchor light show? It fust show a clear, uniform, and unbroken light, visible all round the horizon. 7, At what distance must it be visible? At least one mile, 8. What is the number of lights required by the regulations to be carried by sailing ships when under weigh at night? Two. g. Of what colour are these lights, and how are they to be placed on board the ship? A green light on the starboard side, and a red light on the port side. 68 HEADS OF EXAMINATION. 10. What description of light must be shown from the sides of sailing vessels under weigh; and over how many points of the compass, and in what directions, and how far, are they required to show ? Each light must be so constructed as to show an uniform and unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 10 points of the compass; so fixed as to throw the light from right a-head to two points abaft the beam on the starboard and port sides respectively ; and of such a character as to be visible on a dark night, with a clear atmosphere, at a distance of at least two miles. , What lights are they to carry when being towed at night? The same. 12. Are the side lights required to be fitted with screens; and if so, on what side, and of what length, and how? Yes, on the inboard side ; at least three feet in length, measuring forward from the light. They are to be fitted as to prevent the coloured lights from “being seen across the bows. 13. What is the number of lights required by the regulations to be carried by steam ships when under steam at night ? Three lights. 14. Of what colour are these lights, and how are they to be placed on board the ship White at the foré-mast head, green on the starboard side, and red on the port side. 15. Over how many points of the compass, in what direction, and how far, is the fore mast-head light of a steamer required to show ? | Over 20 points, viz., from right a-head to two points abaft the beam on both sides. It must be of sucha character as to be visible on a dark night, with a clear’ atmosphere, at a distance of at least five miles. 16. Are they required to be fitted with screens; and if so, on which side, and of what length? The green and red lights are to be fitted with screens on the inboard side, extending at least three feet forward from the light, as in the case of sailing vessels. 17. Over how many points of the compass, in what directions, and how far, are the coloured side lights of steamers required to show ? HEADS OF EXAMINATION. 69 Each light must be so constructed as to show an uniform and unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 10 points of the com- pass, so fixed as to throw the light from right a-head to two points abaft the beam on the port and starboard sides respectively, and of such a character as to be visible on a dark night, with a clear atmosphere at a distance of at least two miles. 18. What description of lights are steamers required by the regulations to carry when they are not under steam, but under sail only ? Side lights only the same as sailing vessels. 19. What exceptional lights are to be carried by small sailing ‘vessels in certain cases ? Whenever, as in the case of small vessels during bad weather, the green and red lights cannot be fixed, these lights shall be kept on deck, on their respective sides of the vessel, ready for instant exhibition, and shall, onthe approach of or to other vessels, be exhibited on their respective sides in sufficient time to prevent collision, in such manner as to make them most visible, so that the green light shall not be seen on the port side, nor the red light on the starboard side. To make the use of these portable lights more certain and easy the lanterns containing them shall each be painted outside with the colour of the light they respectively contain, and shall be provided with suitable screens. 21. What description of light are sailing pilot vessels required to carry ? Sailing pilot vessels are not to carry coloured side lights, but a white light like an anchor light, and to burn a flare up every 15 minutes. 22. What lights are open boats and fishing boats required to carry ? Open fishing boats and other open boats shall not be required to carry the side lights required for other vessels; but shall, if they do not carry such lights, carry a lantern having a green slide on the one side and a red slide on the other side; and on the approach of or to the other vessels, such lantern shall be exhibited in suffi- cient time to prevent collision, so that the green light shall not be seen on the port side, nor the red light on the starboard side. Fishing vessels and open boats when at anchor. or attached to their nets and stationary, shall exhibit a bright white light. 70 HEADS OF EXAMINATION. 23. May open boats use a flare up? Yes, if considered expedient. 24. Is the flare up to be shown by open boats instead of or in addition to the lantern with the coloured slides ? The flare up must be in addition to the lantern with the two coloured slides. 25. What lights are steam ships required to carry when towing Other ships ? Steam ships, when towing other ships. shall carry two bright white mast-head lights vertically, in addition to their side lights, so as to distinguish them from other steam ships. Each of these mast-head lights shall be of the same construction and character as the mast-head lights which other steam ships are required to carry. 26. Are sailing vessels required to use any signals when at anchor or when sailing in thick weather or ina fog; and if so, what are they ° Yes; a mechanical fog horn and a bell. 27. When is each sort of signal to be used ? The fog horn is to be sounded when under weigh in a fog, and the bell when in a fog and not under weigh. . 28. How often are the fog signals of sailing vessels to be sounded ? As often as necessary, but every five minutes at least. 29. Are steam ships required to use any signals in a fog or in thick weather ; and if so, what are they? Yes, asteam whistle and a bell. 30. When is each signal to be used ? The steam whistle to be sounded when under weigh, and the bell when not under weigh. 31. How often are the fog signals of steamers to be sounded ? As often as necessary, but every five minutes at least. 32. At what height above the deck is the steam whistle to be placed ; and where? Not less than eight feet above the deck. Before the funnel. 33. What other precaution is to be observed by steamers when steaming in a fog ; HEADS OF EXAMINATION. pik The regulations require that steam ships in a fog shall go at a moderate speed. 34. What precaution is to be taken by steamers approaching another vessel ? If there is risk of collision, the steamer is to slacken speed, or if necessary stop and reverse. 35. If you see a white light alone, what does it denote as regards the ship carrying it ? It denotes the presence of a vessel at anchor; or a pilot vessel; or a fishing vessel attached to her nets; or it may be the fore mast-head light of a vessel, under steam, with her side lights not within sight on account of distance, fog, &c. 36. If you see a green or a red light without a white light, or both a green and a red light without a white light, is the vessel carrying the light or lights seen, a vessel under steam ora vessel . under sail? A vessel under sail. 37. How do you know? Because there is no white light at the fore mast-head. 38 If you see a white light over a coloured light, is the vessel a vessel under sail or a vessel under steam ? A vessel under steam. The mast-head light denotes that the vessel is under steam, [The Examiner will take one model of a vessel, which he will place on the table, and call it A, He will then take the mast or stand with a white and red ball on it, and place it at the other end of the table, and call it B. The Examiner should be careful that the model of the vessel only is used when the questions numbered 39 to 49 are asked. | 39. A is a steamer going north, seeing a white light anda red light ahead at B. Are A and the vessels showing the two lights B meeting end on or nearly end on, or is B passing A, or is B crossing the path of A, and in what direction; and how do you know ? Passing to port, because if I see a red light ahead I know that the head of the vessel carrying that red light must be pointing away in some direction to my own port or left hand. The ship showing the red light has her port or left side more or less open to A. 72 HEADS OF EXAMINATION. 40. If A is going north, within what points of the compass must the vessel B showing the white and red lights be steering ? B must be going from a little W. of S. to W.N.W. 41. How do you know this? Because, the screens being properly fitted, I could not see the red light of B at all with the vessel’s head in any other direction, 42. Is the steamer A to starboard, or to port, or to keep on? To do neither suddenly, but, if anything, to port a little. 43. Why? ; To bring the red light of A to the red light of the stranger B. [The Examiner should then explain that if the steamer A starboards she will run across the path of the vessel carrving the lights B, because the vessel showing the red light must be passing to port. ] [The Examiner should now substitute the mast with the white ball and green ball forthe mast with the white ball and red ball. One ship only is still to be used. | 4. Ais a steamer goirg north, and seeing a white and green light a-head. Are A and B meeting, or is B passing A, or is B- crossing the course of A, and in what direction; and how do you know ? B is passing to starboard of A, beeause if I see a green light a-head I know that the head of the vessel carrying that green light must be pointing away in some direction to my starboard or right hand. The ship showing the green light has her right or starboard side more or less open to me. 45. As A is going north, within what points of the compass’ must the vessel showing the white and green lights be steering ? B must be going from a little E. of South to E.N.E. 46, How do you know? Because, the screens being properly fitted, I cannot see the green light at all with the vessel’s head in any other direction. 47. Is the steamer A to starboard, or to port? To do neither suddenly. but, if necessary, to starboard. 48. And why ? To show her green light to the stranger's green light. There can be no danger of collision when the green light of one vessel is opposed to the green light of another. HEADS OF EXAMINATION. 73 49. What would be the result if you ported to a green light a-head ? I should probably run right across the path of the vessel carrying the green light. [The Examiner eronid then explain that A must not port, because as the vessel showing the white and green lights B must be passing to starboard A would run across the path of B by porting. | [The Examiner should now place the models of two steamers on the table meeting end one. One he should call A, and the other B.] 50. If asteamer A sees the three lights of another steamer B a-head or nearly a-head, are the two steamers meeting, passing, or crossing? Meeting end on, or nearly end on. 51. Do the regulations expressly require the helm of a ship to be put to port in any case; and if so, when? Yes ; in the case of two steamers or two sailing vessels meeting end on, or nearly end on. 52. Do they expressly require the helm of a ship to be put to port in any other case; and if so, in what other ? No. The use of the port helm is not in any other case expressly required by the regulations. [The Examiner should then explain that the only case in which port-helm is mentioned in the regulations is in Articles 11 and 13 for two ships meeting end on, or nearly end on. | 53- If you port to a green light a-head, or anywhere on your starboard bow, and if you yet into collision by doing so, do you consider that the regulations are in fault ? No, because the regulations do not expressly require me to port in such a case, and because by porting I know that I should probably and almost certainly run across the other vessel’s path, or run into her, [The Examiner should see the candidate put the models in the positions indicated by the questions 54 and following. | 54. If a steamer A sees another steamer’s red light B on her own starboard side, are the steamers meeting, passing, or crossing ; and how do you know ? Crossing, because the red light of one is opposed to the green light of the other; and whenever a green light is opposed to a red light, or a red light to a green light, the ships carrying the lights are crossing ships. 74 HEADS OF EXAMINATION. 55- Is Ato stand on; and if not, why not? A has the other vessel B on her own starboard side. A knows she is crossing the course of B because she sees the red light of B on her (A’s) own starboard side. A also knows she must get out of the way of B, because Article 14 expressly requires that the steamer that has the other on her own starboard side shall keep out of the way of the other. 56. Is A to starboard or to port in such case? A must do what is right so as to get herself out of the way of B; she must starboard if necessary, or port ifnecessary; and she must stop and reverse if necessary. 57. If A gets into collision by porting, will it be because she is acting on any rule? No; the rule does not require her to port. If she ports, and gets into collision by porting, it is not the fault of any rule. 58. If a steamer A sees the green light of another steamer B on her own (A’s own) port bow, are the two steamers meeting, passing, or crossing; and how do you know? Crossing, because the green light of one ship is shown to the red light of the other. 59. What is A todo, and why? By the rule contained in Article 18 of the regulations, A is required to keep her course, subject only to the qualification that due regard must be had to all dangers of navigation; and that due regard must also be had to any special circumstances which may exist in any particular case rendering a departure from that rule necessary in order to avoid immediate danger. The crossing ship B on A’s port side must get out of the way of A, because A is on B’s starboard side. 60. A, a steamer, sees the green light of another steamer, R, a-point on her, A’s, port bow. Is there any regulation requiring A to port in sucha case, andif so, where is it to be found ? There is not any. 61. Are steam ships to get out of the way of sailing ships? If a steamer and a sailing ship are proceeding in such direc- tion as to involve risk of collision, the steamer is to get out of the way of the sailing ship. 62. What is to be done by A, whether a steamer or sailing ship, if overtaking B? A is to keep out of the way of B. HEADS OF EXAMINATION. 75 63. When by the rules one of two ships is required to keep out of the way of the other, what is the other to do? To keep her course. 64. Is there any qualification or exception to this ? Yes. Due regard must be had to all dangers of navigation, and to any special circumstances which may exist in any particular case to avoid immediate danger. 65. Is there any general direction in the steering and sailin: rules ; and if so, what is it? . Yes, it is this: that nothing in the rules shall exonerate any ship, or the owner, master or crew thereof, for the consequences of any neglect to carry lights or signals, or of any neglect to keer a proper look out, or of the neglect of any precaution which may be required by the ordinary practice of seamen, or by the speciel circumstances of the case. 66. Can you repeat article (——-) of the regulations. I refe1 to the article containing the rule for ( )? [The Examiner should repeat this question, naming a different article each time. | 67. What does the Act of Parliament provide as the obligatior of owners and masters in obeying ‘the regulations respecting lights, fog signals, and steering and sailing ? Section 27 of ‘the Merchant Shipping Act Amendment Act, 1862,” provides that owners and masters shall be bound to obey the regulations, and it also provides that in case of wilful default by the master or owner he shall be deemed to be guilty of a misdemeanor for each infringement. 68. What do breaches of the regulations imply ? If an accident happens through non-observance of the regulations, it implies wilful default on the part of the person in charge of the deck at the time, unless it is shown to the satisfaction of the court hearing the case that the special circumstances of the case rendered a departure from the rules necessary. 69. If collision ensues from a breach of the regulations, who is to be deemed in fault for the collision ? The person by whom the regulations are infringed, unless the court hearing the case decides to the contrary. 70. Do the regulations apply to sea-going ships in harbours and in rivers? 76 HEADS OF EXAMINATION. Yes ; unless there is any rule tothe contrary made by a com- petent authority. | 71. Do they apply to British ships only ? No, to foreign ships as well. 72. When did the present regulations come into operation ? On the 1st June. 1863. 73. Do you know where the present regulations are to be found? Yes, in “the Merchant Shipping Act Amendment Act, 1862,” and the Order in Council of the gth January 1863. Copies are given away on application to the Board of Trade. 74. Is one ship bound to assist another in case of collision ? Yes. 75. What is the penalty for default ? If the master or person in charge of the ship fails to render assistance without reasonable excuse, the collision is, in absence of proof to the contrary, to be deemed to be caused by his wrongful act, neglect, or default. 76. Is there any other penalty attached to not rendering assistance ? Yes. If it is afterwards proved that he did not render assis- tance,his certificate may be cancelled or suspended by the court inves- tigating the case. 77. Is it not expected that you should understand the regu- lations before you take charge of the deck of a ship? It is. 78. Why? If I-do not understand them and am guilty of default, the consequences will be very serious to me. 79. What would be a serious offence ? To cause a collision by porting the helm when not required to port by the regulations and without due consideration. ‘a DRIFT-NET FISHING. LIGHTS TO BE CARRIED BY ENGLISH AND FRENCH BOATS. In accordance with the Sea Fisheries Act, 1868. ARTICLE XII. No boat shall anchor between sunset and sunrise on grounds where drift-net fishing is actually going on. This prohibition shall not apply to anchorings which may take place in consequence of accidents, or any other compulsory circumstances ; but in such case the master of the boat thus obliged to anchor shall hoist, so that they shall be seen from a distance, two lights placed horizontally about 3 feet (1 metre French) apart, and shall keep those lights up all the time the boat shall remain at anchor. Anrticte XIII. Boats fishing with drift-nets shall carry on one of their masts two lights, one over the other, 3 feet, (1 metre French) apart. These lights shall be kept up during all the time their nets shall be in the sea between sunset and sunrise. ARTICLE XIV. Subject to the exceptions or additions men- tioned in the two preceding articles, the fishing boats of the two countries shall conform to the general rules respecting lights which have been adopted by the two countries. 78 AIDS TO MEMORY, IN FOUR VERSES, BYeUHONAS GRAY. TWO STEAM SHIPS MEETING. When both side Lights you see ahead— Port your helm, and show your RED, TWO STEAM SHIPS PASSING. GREEN to GREEN—or, RED to RED— Perfect safety—Go ahead ! TWO STEAM SHIPS CROSSING. Note.—This is the position of greatest danger; there is © nothing for it but good look-out, caution, and judgment. If to your starboard RED appear, It is your duty to keep clear ; To act as judgment says is proper :— To Port—or Starboard—Back—or, Stop her! But when upon your Port is seen A Steamer’s Starboard light of GREEN, There’s not so much for you to do, For GREEN to Port keeps clear of you. ALL SHIPS MUST KBEP A GOOD LOOK OUT AND STEAM SHIPS MUST STOP AND GO ASTERN, ( IF NECESSARY ). Both in safety and in doubt Always keep a good look-out ; In danger, with no room to turn, Ease her!—Stop her !—-Go astern rativOCtsa0% ee HOW TO USE THE COMMERCIAL CODE OF SIGNALS. The Board of Trade having determined that all Candidates for Masters’ and Mares’ CerrTiFIcaTes shall, after the first of April 1866, be examined as to their acquaintance with the ‘‘ COMMERCIAL CoDE OF SIGNALS FOR THE Use oF ALL Nations,” the following remarks and illustrations are published with the view of enabling the Mariner to refer with readiness and facility to the several parts of the Code; and to explain the relation of the Words and Sentences to the Flag-Signals, by which Inter Communication on any subject is now rendered possible, not only between ships of the same Nation, but also between ships of different Nations. The Commercial Code of Signals consists of 18 Flags—including 4 pennants; these Flags represent the consonants of the Alphabet, from B to W, and should be committed to memory, since a Can- didate will probably be asked by the Examiner to name any Flag or Pennant that may be held up to him.* There is, in addition, the ‘“‘ Code Signal” or ‘ Answering Pennant” ved and white in vertical stripes—which is to be shown under the Ensign. * A Candidate may be asked to pick out the flags that spell his name; he cannot spell a name with the Flags as letters of the Alphabet, for they are merely symbols—and there are no vowel-signs; reference for such a hoist must be had to Part IJ. ot the Code, ‘‘ Alphabetical Spelling Table,”—where, supposing the name to be Jones,—CDJP represents Jo, CDRV represents NE, and WVB rep resents s. But the arrangement in this part is very faulty, for by it the short name of Jones can be spelled in three ways, but in no case in less than three © hoists. 80 COMMERCIAL CODE OF SIGNALS. The following is a description of the Flags and Pennants: they are represented on the frontispiece. B is the Burgee. C ,, White Pennant, with Red spot. ,, Blue Pennant, with White spot. », Red Pennant, with White spot. Blue and Yellow Pennant. (‘anare) White and Red (vertical). , Blue and White--horizontal—White in centre. » Yellow and Blue. Ae = Gd ,, Blue and Yellow—in four chequers. ,, Blue, crossed by White from corner to corner. ,, Blue and White, in chequers. Blue Peter. ,, Yellow—the Quarantine Flag. ,, Red, crossed with yellow. », White, with Blue centre. Pp C2" ice kta, see | Tricolour: ~ White, crossed by Red from corner to corner. W,, Blue, White, and Red ;—border Blue, and centre Red. The Flags used by vessels of Her Majesty’s Navy for signal- ling with the Code, as well as those used by the French Imperial Navy and by vessels of the United States differ (slightly) from the above, but the difference is not suchas to preclude the instant recognition of the Flag or sign for which it stands. The Candidate having made himself well acquainted with the Flags of the Commer-ial Code, so that if the Examiner should hold up one before him and ask what letter it represents, he can unhesitatingly name it, he may then proceed to learn the special character of the various Signals,—according to the form of the Hoist, whether of Two, Three or Four Flags, or according to the kind of Flag which is uppermost. COMMERCIAL CODE OF SIGNALS. SI (*,.*) A SIGNAL MADE WITH one FLAG MUST BE EITHER— The White Pennant (C)—signifying Yes; or The Blue Pennant (D)—Signifying No. (*,.*) IN SIGNALS MADE WITH two FLacs— The BurGEE uppermost represents Attention Signals. (1) A PENNANT uppermost represents Compass Signals. (2) A Square Frac uppermost represents Urgent Signals.(3) (*,*) THE SIGNALS MADB WITH three FLAaGS— Are General, (4); and here it may be useful to remember that those with F, G, or H uppermost, generally ( but not exclusively) relate to Latitude, Longitude, Meridian, Time, Months, Date, Wind, or Weather. (*.*) In SIGNALS MADE WITH four FLacs— The BurGEE uppermost represents Geographic Signals.(5) The Pennant C, D, or F uppermost, represents Spelling and Vocabulary Signals. (6) The Pennant G (blue and yellow) uppermost represents the Names of Men-of-War. A Square Frac uppermost represents the Names of Merchant Vessels. (r) Attention Signals imply attention or demand, as ‘‘ Show your Ensign ;” «‘ What ship is that:” ‘‘ Pay attention.” (2) Except when the Pennant has the Flag (or sign of) W below it, in which case the Signal relates to the Meteorological Forecast issued by the Meteorological Department of the country where the Signal is made. Also note that the com- pass bearings are by compass corrected for deviation, and are given to half points. (3) Urgent Signals relate to distvess, danger, directions to a vessel at anchor or under weigh, caution, &c.; they are consequently of the utmost importance and should never be neglected, especially if made at sea. (4) The three Flag Signals relate to general subjects of enquiry or communication (5) The Geographical Signals include Countries, Ports, Capes, Islands, Seas Channels, Bays, &c. (6) The Spelling Signals will be useful in communicating the names of Passengers, of the Captain, Crew, &c. 82 COMMERCIAL CODE OF SIGNALS. Suppose the Examiner makes a Hoist, the Candidate must, from the form of the Hoist, be enabled to explain the nature of the Signal indicated.— Or, the Examiner may desire the Candidate to make a Hoist as, ‘“‘Hoist a Geographical Signal;”’ “‘Hoist an Urgent Signal,” &c— In either case if the Candidate is thoroughly acquainted with the letter (or rather sign) corresponding to the Flags, and with that part of p. 81 marked thus *,*, he cannot fail to interpret the signal, or make the required hoist correctly—whichever may be demanded of him. es ; In order however to obtain a good practical knowledge of the nature of the Signal as derived from the form of the Hoist, numerous Examples are given on Plate III. which may be advantageously used as follows :—Turn to the Plate, select an example (or hoist), write down or express to yourself its nature and the letters of which it is composed, then see if these correspond with the first part of the explanation below. Ex 1. Urgent signal, NF—Do not abandon me.* » 2 Urgent signal, PK—Want an anchor. », 3. Urgent signal, RB--Send the following message by post to. owners. 4. Urgent signal, HV— Damaged Rudder—cannot steer. 5. Urgent signal, NM—I am on fire. 1», 6. General signal, FRP—62° Longitude. 7. General signal, BCP-—I do not intend to abandon the vessel, . 8. General signal, DLS—Send for passengers. 5» Q. General signal, FA@H—-What is your Longitude, brought up to the present moment. . »» 10. Genera’ signal, FCT—What is your first meridian. »» It. Attention signal, BD—What ship is that. », 12. Attention signal, BS—Calls attention of shore signal- station. 3, 13. Compass signal, FN—-S.W.4W. », 14. Urgent signal, JD—You are standing into danger. » 15. Urgent signal, NC—In distress; want assistance. » 16. General signal, BRS—Will you take a letter for me. fu.tgs General signal, FHG—-b aatitude, », 18. General signal, GST—22 hours or 10 A.M. * The interpretation of the Signal is here given from the ‘‘ Code Book ;” and is found in Part 1. of that volume--whence it can alone be obtained. Illustrating the use of the Flags. ir [| 2 i 3 | : COMMERCIAL CODE OF SIGNALS. 83 Ex 19. General signal, WPM—ggoo—numeral. », 20. Geographical signal, BGHS— Kingstown. » 21. Shelling signal, CFJR — Row 5, 22. Shelling signal, COMP Ley » 23. Vocabulary signal, DRPW — will sail » 24. Vocabulary signal, DFQR — in the » 25. Nameof Merchant Ship, MWDR—Lamplighter Official No. 20202. ‘The last 5 signa!s import that ‘“‘ Rowley will sail in the Ship Lamp- lighter.” | Similarly, as illustrating the use of the signals, if hoists were made of the following,. in succession, by a vessel returning from the west coast of South America to another proceeding thither ;— . JN; BGVT; BNSQ; CLOP; MQB; BNRM; NRQ; the intelligence would be—‘‘ War between Spain and Chili; you will be stopped by the blockading ships; you had better sail for Callao; there is good freight to be had,” and this would be under- stood though the vessels were of two different nations—-both using the ‘‘Commercial Code; ” and the captains could converse by the aid of that book, although neither spoke a word of the other's lan- guage, for the signals have the same signification for every nation using them. The Flags to be hoisted at one time never exceed four. Each Signal composed of Two or more of the Flags or Signs employed, has throughout the Code but one signification. No listinguishing or Divisional Flag or Pennant is used to give the same series of Signals (or combination of Signs,) a dii- ferent meaning, for by means of 18 Flags or Signs no less than ~ 78,642 distinct combinations or signals may be made, as follows, viz :--306 taken two together, 4896 taken three together, and 73,440 taken four together. INSTRUCTIONS: —How To Use THE “‘CoMMERCIAL CopE”’ Book:—- Part I of the Book “‘ Commercial Code of Signals” contains the . Un versal signals; in Part II, the Spelling table and Vocabulary are arranged in alphabetical order for ready reference. 84 > OPOPO POPOPOPO EXAMINATION PAPER. 1. Show the Ensign, and the Code Signal under it; this signifies that you intend to use the Commercial Code of Signals. 2. Hoist the Signal where it can best be seen. 3. Ifthe Signal is intended for a particular ship or station, refer to the Attention signals, page 1 of Part I. 4. Then, in proceeding to communicate, refer to Part II, find the words or sentence you wish; and make the hoist of the signal letters given in that part, using as much as possible those on the right of the column, for they are the Universal Signals. 5. When the reply is given by the ship or station with which you are communicating, turn to Part I and seek for the signal letters indicated by the Flags,--these are also arranged alphabetically ; if not contained in Part I turn to Part II; and the meaning of the signal can in either case be read off at once. EXAMINATION PAPER. How do you know a geographica! signal ? It consists of four flags, the burgee being uppermost. How do you know a general signal ? It consists of three flags. How do yov know a compass signal ? In consists of two flags, a pennant being uppermost. How do you know when a man-of-war signals her name? The hoist consists of four flags, the blue and yellow (G) pen- nant being uppermost. How do you know an urgent (or distress ) signal ? It consists of two flags, a square flag being uppermost. What is the assent or ‘‘yes” signal ? The white pennant. You intend to use the spelling table, is there any flag common to every syllable ? Yes ; the white (C) pennant uppermost. eo Pe Oa © © ee ee coe ares: EXAMINATION PAPER. 85 Suppose you have to use a single letter in spelling by signal, do you know a flag common to every letter? Yes; the flag W uppermost. How do you know when a ship is communicating by the national vocabulary P By the hoist of four flags, one of the pennants C, D, or F, being uppermost. How do you hoist an attention signal ? The Burgee is uppermost, and the other flag I ascertain from p. I of the ‘Code of Signals,’’-—according to my demand. Could you recognise the quadrants of the compass by any par- ticular characteristic in the hoist ° Yes; between North and E. 4 N. (both points inclusive) the white (C) pennant is uppermost ; between East and 8. 4 E. (both points inclusive) the blue (D) pennant is uppermost ; between South and W. ¢ S. (both points inclusive) the red (F) pennant is uppermost ; between West and N. 4 W. (both points inclusive) the blue and yellow (G) pennant is uppermost. How do you know when a merchant vessel is signalling her name or Official number ? When the hoist consists of four flags, a square flag being uppermost. Is there any special place for the ‘‘ Code Signal’? Pennant when intending toimply by its use that you propose com- municating with the commercial Code of Signals ? Yes; it must be hoisted under the ‘‘ Ensign.” You intend to reply in the negative to some question, what flag will you employ ? The blue pennant (D) A signal is hoisted from the Custom House ;—one of the pennants uppermost, the flag W. below—what does it signify ? Itis a Meteorological Forecast. Under what denomination of Signals do Latitude, Longitude, Hours, Minutes, Months, Wind and Weather come? Under general signals. Will the ‘‘Commercial Code of Signals” give you a ship’s name ? 86 DISTANT SIGNALS. A. Not unless it is spelled by the spelling table; her name accord- ing to her signal letters (four flags) is givén in the ‘* Com. mercial Code List.” . Where must the ‘‘ Answering Pennant” be hoisted? Where best seen. How do you distinguish the ‘‘Code Signal” Pennant from the ‘“‘ Answering Pennant ?”’ > OPO There is no difference as regards form and colour; only, as the ‘Code Signal” it must be hoisted under the ‘Ensign .” DISTANT SIGNALS. The Examiner may require that the Candidate have a know- ledge of the Distant Signals; as a consequence it would be well if he made himself proficient in the Alphabet, and the few particular signals noted below. The characteristic of the Distant Signal is tre Ball—one Bal! at least appearing in every Hoist of the Distant Code. With respect to the two other Symbols, they may be Pennants or Flags of any Colour, that is to say, any of the Code Pennants or Code Flags may be employed irrespective of their Colour. It will be seen from the plate of Distant Signals that the Code has been so ar- ranged as to give the least possible trouble in finding the com- bination required; thus— The First Column contains all the combinations having the Ball or Balls first or uppermost in the Hoist. The Second Column contains all the combinations having the Ball or Balls second or separated in the Hoist. The Third Column contains all the combinations having the Ball or Balls last or lowermost in the Hoist. These Signals are only used when distance or haze prevents the distinguishing of the Colours of the Flags. SIGNIFICATIONS of the DisTANT SIGNALS when made singly, which will be indicated by the ‘‘ stop” following each Hoist. B. Asks Name of Ship or Signal Sta-| F, Repeat Signal, or hoist it in a mor2 tion, in sight. conspicuous place. G. Yes. G. Cannot distinguish your Flags, Come nearer, or make Distant D. No. signals. Ww 2EP AO of DISTANT SIGNALS. You may communicate bythe Sema- phore, if you please. Stop, or bring to. Something im- * portant to communicate. Have you any Telegrams or Des- patches for me? Want a pilot. Can I have one ? Want a tug. Can I have one? What is the Meteorological Weather Forecast. Calls attention of Signal Station in sight. Vessels ask for orders by Tele- graph from Owner. Mr.—at—. 87 (See Qn, Part I., and Instructions thereto.) R. Report me by Telegraph to my S. Owner, Mr.—at——. (See gn, Part I., and Instructions thereto.) Send the following message by ‘Lelegraph. T. Send the following message, by the Signal Letters, through the Telegraph. vo NE eee ear In addition to the above, the following Distant Signals composed of Two Symbols have the special signification indicated beneath. You are running intc Danger. ance. immediate assist- Fire: or Leak. Want] SReeene Provisions Aground. Want immediate assist- tarving. S ance. aaa ~ 88 ALPHABET FOR COMPOSING DISTANT SIGNALS. \ Preparative and Stop after each complete Signal. halos: YY YY TTX WY UW i ¥ — ery aren ecserenes f\ Ao tans BRS RS soreweys S fs a j S S os SOS s S 89 SEMAPHORE SIGNALS. By decree of the 22nd March, 1866, from the French Minister of Marine and Colonies, it was decided “ that from the 1st of May the vessels of the nee Navy and the Semaphores of the coasts of France should have the Commercial Code of Signals for the use of all nations, and that they should communicate exclusively Dy the signals of that Code ah French Merchant Ships, and with the Becsels of Foreign Navies.” Signal masts have been Paieed near all the sema- phores ofthe coasts and the look-out men at these posts areto communicate with ves- a | mc. ae 8S by means of the signals Flags) of the Commercial Code where the distance will permit. a But stilltheDistantSignals iJ will on all occasions be em- ployed by ships when it is found that the Code (Flags) cannot be made out; andthe Semaphores will employ the Three Arms as follows— 1. The armin the position poin- ting downwards represents a Pen- fy T nant 2. The arm in the horizontal position represents a Ball. 3. Thearm inthe position point- ing upwards represents a Flag. These Semaphore Signals will always be read off as Distant Signals, the position or direction of the arms indicating respec- tively the Pennant, the Ball, or the Flag. N.B.—The Disc, at the top of the mast remains in the position indicated whilst Signals are being made by the Code. < , eel a TIN II me : go SEMAPHORE SIGNALS. When at rest the arms are not visible, as they lie parallel with the signal pole. The complete Semaphore Alphabet is represented on p. 8g9—and by combining these letters their signification will be found in the Code of Signals. When these signals are made singly they have the same signi- fication as the Distant Signals when made singly, see p. 86. The French Minister of Marine addressing the President of the Chambers of Commerce of the Coasts of the Empire, says—‘‘ In accordance with an understanding between the Ministry of the Interior and the Ministry of Marine, the new system of Maritime Telegraphic Postal Correspondence will be shortly inaugurated. It is not possible, unfortunately, to give it the extension it is eventually destined to take ; for, in order that a foreign ship may use our Semaphores in sending a telegram ora postal message, we must — establish regulations, by International Convention, for the levying and reimbursement of the charges; but the French Government do not think fit to address propositions on this subject to foreign Governments before they themselves have tried the system. The French Semaphores will therefore, until new orders, only transmit despatches and messages destined for France and Algeria. The exchange of these communications between the Semaphores and the vessels will be made by the signals of the Commercial Code. gl BOAT SIGNALS. The Symbols for Boat Signals are— 1. Two square flags, or handkerchiefs, or pieces of cloth. 2. Two long strips of cloth, or parts of a plank, or pieces of wood longer than broad, 3. Iwo balls, or hats, or round bundles, or buckets. With these any of the Distant Signals can be made—holding the symbol at arm’s length; and the signal is to be made from right to left, and read from left to right, thus— Equivalent to Pall above Pennant, or ‘You are running into Danger.” see p. &6. Signifying ‘ Accident ; 28 want a Surgeon.” N.B.—In using the proper means to attract attention, avoid those that may occasion confusion, or misinterpretation. THE “CODE LIST OF SHIPS” Is a small book distinct from the ‘‘Commercial Code of Signals for the use of all Nations;” It contains the NAME AND DISTINGUISHING SIGNAL of every British or Foreign Vessel that has obtained, from the Registrar General of.Seamen, the Four LETTERS COMPOSING — HER DISTINGUISHING SIGNAL, as wellas her Official Number; when communicating, if this book is not on board, the Vessel’s name must be spelt, by means of the Spelling Vocabulary. - CauTion.—When Signalling a ship’s Name from the Code List, —ist, hoist the Code Pennant under the Ensign, at the peak,—then, ~ at the mast-head, or where best seen, hoist the Ship's Signal Let- ters in the order in which they are given in the ‘ Code List ;” thus, if they are H GJ T, the flag corresponding to the letter H should be the uppermost, Gthe second, J the third, and T the bottom flag. At present no more than Four Flags at one time are used for any purpose; and the combinations admit of 78,642 different signs ; if an extension of the series were required, Five Flags at one time could be introduced, and then there would be no less than 1,028,160 additional Signals. “a RBRIDLINGTON - QUAY FROM THE NORTH i ip la i nf : U pati | : th BRIDLINGTON~ QUAY, FROM THE NORTH EAST... 93 DESCRIPTION OF THE FISHING GROUNDS IN THE NORTH SEA eee) OFF GROUND. Dat.53°.52' N.,, Lon. of 52cE. The fishing ground, commonly called the off grounds, is situated thirty miles from the Spurn Point in an E.N.E. direction, and consists of fine sandy ground. It extends from the Western rough, which is the Western boundary, about fifteen miles to the Eastern rough, which is the Eastern boundary ; the soundings being somewhat irregular, having deep water to the North-Eastward and shallow to the Southward. On the south part of the ground which bears East by North from the Spurn Point, the depth of water is from twenty to twenty-two fathoms for a considerable distance with fine brown sand, and eighteen fathoms close to the gravelly ground named Southern rough. From thence to the Northward the water gradually deepens to twenty-five and twenty-seven fathoms, with fine sand and white shells; Spurn Point bearing from this part of the ground W.S.W. due by compass. You will then deepen the water to twenty-eight and thirty-two fathoms which is the North part of the ground with a brown sandy bottom, Spurn Point bearing from here S.W. by W. and Flamborough Head obout W.N.W. Just within the last named depth you will have twenty-eight fathoms brown sand and biack specks, which is named by the fishermen ‘* North West Corner.” The ground then extends in an Easterly direction to the Eastern rough with soundings of thirty-two and thirty-four fathoms with fine sand. Onthe patch named Eastern rough the ground is very foul, the soundings consisting of coarse sand and reddish gravel, and the depth of water varying from thirty-two to forty-five fathoms, the last named depth being called the deep water at the back of the flat. On the centre of the ground, you will have soundings of twenty-five and twenty-four fathoms, this part being named the “flat.” There is also a bank of eighteen fathoms. The general direction of the grounds along the Western rough is 38.8.E., bending more easterly as you draw up to the South-Eastward. 04 FISHING GROUNDS IN THE NORTH SEA. This fishing ground formerly abounded with all kinds of fish, but of late years has not been so abundant; it was first used in the year 1829, when a few small vessels from Scarborough adopted it for trawl fishing ; there was then a large quantity of all kinds of fish. : TIDES. The first of the flood tide sets to the S.W. and then round to the S.., and continues to run in that direction until two hours and-a-half after high-water at the Spurn Point; then, shortly after, it is found ‘orun East; it being very easy to ascertain the direction of the tide, if the time of high water at Spurn Point is strictly attended to. Moreover be it observed that out of twelve hours of ebb and flood, there is not more than five hours of ebb stream, which runs about N. by E. by compass. FLAMBOROUGH HEAD GROUND. Lat: 54° 5’ N. Long. o° 36’. The fishing ground, commonly called ‘ off the Head, ‘‘ extends from the South part of the ground, with Flamborough Head bearing N.W. by compass, twenty miles distant, about fourteen miles in a N.N.W.. direction to the North end of the ground, the Head then bearing due W., distance about twenty miles. It will thus be seen that the whole length of the ground embraces but four points of the compass. The ground is generally sandy, with a depth of water of twenty-five fathoms at the South end, gradually deepening to twenty-seven, thirty, and thirty-four fathoms, which is the extreme North end of the ground. Across out Easterly, from the North end of the ground, the bottom is very foul; and congealed substances named by fishermen “ White Ross”) are often caught in the trawl net. Flamborough Head bears from here W. by S. about thirty miles distant. A few miles to the Southward from this part will take you on some banks, called the banks ‘ off the ~ Hlead’”’ with soundings thereon of fifteen and eighteen fathoms, with twenty-eight between them, the bottom being fine white-brown sand, or nearly so; these banks are the Eastern part of the ground, the soil differing from the off ground, the soundings there being brown sand. ‘The course from the Spurn point to the centre of the ground is N.E. about thirty-miles distance. I may observe again that the ground is brown sandy soil all over, but in to the Westward you will find all stoney ground, and the inexperienced should guard ROBIN LYTHES HOLE, FLAMBOROUGH 9 : i in EEwYy wR “2 gm ; ay, LN ees MA ws vY FLAMBOROUGH HEAD. FISHING GROUNDS IN THE NORTH SEA. 95 against the 8.W. part, as thereabouts it abounds with stones. And outside, Easterly of this spot, you will find thirty-six fathoms of water. ‘Trawl fishing was first commenced here in the year 1830 by a number of small craft, who generally caught fair quantities of fish. TIDES: The Tides here set flood about 8S. by E., ebb N. by W., the flood stream running to the southward, until two hours after high water at Spurn point. ING Raw GdsOUND. Latitude 54° 22’ N. Longitude 1° 10’ E. The ‘N.E. Ground’ called by the fishermen down to the North- ward, is a fine track of sandy ground inside the Dogger Bank; the Western boundary of this groundis the Eastern rough. The South part extends up to a depth of twenty-three fathoms and the North part may be said to beoff Scarborough. ‘The general depth of water from the South part is twenty-four, twenty-seven, and_ thirty fathoms, all fine sand; you will then find a flat of twenty-six fathoms. This flat runs out in an E.byS. direction, and fromthe N.W. part of this flat you will have thirty-three fathoms, then banks of fifteen and eighteen fathoms, with soundings of white sand, or nearly so; those being the banks that form the Eastern part of the Flamborough Head ground. From those banks, in a N.N.E. direction, you will have forty-five fathoms with muddy soundings, and out to the Eastward the general depth is thirty-one and thirty-three fathoms, until you fall into the deeper water inside ot the Dogger Bank, of forty-five fathoms. At the Eastern part of the ground, Scarbro bearing about W. by N., distance say sixty miles. You will find some banks just inside the Dogger Bank. On those banks you will have thirteen and fifteen fathoms, then thirty-three and eighteen fathoms, the ground being very uneven hereabouts for a considerable space, and I may observe that this part is called the Bruce’s garden, which spot formerly abounded with fish. The ground in this locality is very fine and clear, with deeper water to the North- eastward. ‘The course from the Spurn point to a fair berth is N.E. by E., about fifty-five miles. The deep water inside the Dogger Bank may be easily known bythe amount of rubbish that ‘is caught in the trawl net, being chiefly dead oyster shells, and a substance similar to grapes. It isalsovery remarkable, that between Scarbro’ and Whitby, you will bring up in the trawl net substances 96 FISHING GROUNDS IN THE NORTH SEA. resembling white plums, and those of a kind that are seldom met with elsewhere. I may observe, in conclusion, that there are banks of eighteen fathoms to be met with at the South part of the ground, and also that the West spit of the Dogger Bank should be guarded against, as it 1s very foul, abounding with large stones. The soundings on the spit being fifteen and seventeen fathoms, very rough ground. This fishing ground began to be used for trawl fishing about the year 1837 ; previous to that year it was resorted to by line fishermen from Scarbrough. © TIDES. The tides hereabouts are much the same as at the Off Grounds inside, and need no further description. CALIFORNIA GROUND. Latitude 54° o’ N., Longitude 0° o’ This fishing ground that is known by the quaint name of California, is a small track of coarse ground, some few miles off the Yorkshire coast. The South end may be said to be off Hornsea, the North end about five miles from Flambro’ Head. ‘The best part of the ground is in about twenty-three fathoms of water, but the ground is foul, more or less, all over, and at times the vessels work it out to the ground named off the Head. Although this fishing ground is not to be recommended to strangers, I may mention that it is worked chiefly in the summer months, by those that are familiar with the locality. If you get outside what is considered the usual track, you will have from twenty-seven to thirty fathoms of water all stoney ground. I may observe that the tides, at the springs, run with ereat rapidity here, it being but a small space of ground. This is all that can be said respecting it, except that a fine quality of soles is caught on this ground. The California ground was discovered in the year 1847, at which time large quantities of soles of superior size and weigh were caught. ‘ ullaile(l ; Lalla FISHING GROUNDS IN THE NORTH SEA. 97 TIDES. The tides here run about S. by E. at flood, and N. by W. at ebb; flood running about six hours and-a-half, ebb five hours and- a-half. The last part of the flood stream terminating two hours after high water at Spurn Point. SCARBOROUGH GROUND. Latitude 54° 19’ N. Longitude 0° 20’ W. The fishing ground named Scarborough Inner Ground is a long, narrow piece of sandy ground, reaching from the North end of Speeton Cliffs—that is with Filey town well open, in about twenty-four fathoms of water—down to Cloughton Wick, in sixteen or seventeen fathoms. It runs parallel with the land, is very narrow, and a young captain, who ha’ never been there before requires some practice before attempting to work it. The rock off the castle, named the Castle Rock, which les in twenty fathoms, must be carefully avoided. This may be done by keeping in sixteen fathoms,and thus pass up inside, After passing Scarborough, and towing up, you must keep in eighteen or twenty fathoms until you get to Filey, then haul out into twenty-five fathoms. This fishing ground is chiefly used by those resident in the locality, and who are well acquainted with it, and then only in the summer months. This fishing ground was first used by small fishing smacks going from the town of Ramsgate, in Kent, in the summer of the year 1828, previous to this it was used by small boats in the summer time; the fishermen residing at Filey and Scarborough. HARTLEPOOL GROUND. Lat. 54° 21” N. Long. 1° 10” W. This fishing ground is of small extent, and lies off the town of Hartlepool, from which town it derives its name; it runs parallel with the land, and the south part of the ground in nineteen fathoms lies about $.E. from the Heiugh light-house, distance ten miles; the north part in twenty-four fathoms is abreast of the town of Seaham. ‘The ground is generally sandy with a mixture of mud, especially so on the outside or eastern part; by keeping out in thirty 98 FISHING GROUNDS IN THE NORTH SEA. or thirty-five fathoms you may work all the way down to Shields, but must be cautious and keep a good lead going when approaching the shore, as the ground is very foul inside. This fishing ground is mostly used in the summer season, that is in the months of August and.September, and generally a good variety of fish are caught here. : ie: This ground was first used by small smacks for trawl fishing 1n the year 1842, at which time there was a good supply of fish caught here ; previous to this it was only worked by small boats of the locality. GREAT SILVER Pits Latis4°O JN One itso ane The very extensive space of deep water known by the familiar name of the ‘Great Silver Pits’ is situated between the Dogger Bank on the NNE. side. and the Wells Bank on the SSW. side, these banks being its boundary. The W. end of the Great Silver Pits liesdue E from the Spurn Point, sixty miles distant, it then extends nearly sixty miles further on the same bearing, i.e., E. by compass. The width of the pits varies from ten to fourteen miles; the water is deep all over, but its greatest depth is to be found at the west end, where fifty-six fathoms of water on a coarse bottom will be found, the sounding resembling biscuit dust. From hereabouts westerly, the pit is lost in a narrow gut of twenty-five fathoms muddy ground. Again, over to the Well Bank side at the west end, just outside the fine ground named flat of Well Bank, you will have forty-five fathoms, with blue clay, (which is very remarkable) and the general depth of water is forty fathoms for the first twenty miles Easterly. As you proceed outwards you encounter a bank of seventeen fathoms with coarse gravelly soundings thereon. This bank lies nearer the Well side than the Dogger, and just to the southward of this bank you drop into fifty fathoms of water; and I may here observe that opposite this bank, on the Well side, there is a great indent into the Wells Bank, named by the fishermen the Swatchway of the Well Bank. It runs nearly five miles $.S.E. up into the Well Bank with a depth of fifty, forty, thirty, and twenty-five fathoms of water, with white muddy soundings, it being finally lost on the fine sandy ground of the bank to the South-Eastward. The Pits from the seventeen fathom Bank, are more shallow, say from thirty-five to twenty-seven fathoms, excepting along the Weil Bank side, where, between Botney gut (which has black muddy soundings) and the t FISHING GROUNDS IN THE NORTH SEA. 99 before mentioned Swatch, you will have forty-five fathoms with black mud, and those soundings of mud run right into the north end of the Botney gut; again over to the Dogger Bank side at the east end you will have twenty-eight fathoms with very stoney ground. This spot lies just within, that is, to the Westward of the stream of Botney gut. The banks are steep, especially the well, where you quickly get on to the shoal ground, and I may further observe that the greatest part of the edge of the Well Bank is very foul, two spots excepted, one at the W. end, the other about three or four miles inside of Botney gut.. Great quantities of soles are generally caught here in the winter season. This fishing ground was first discovered in the year 1835, at which time large quantities of soles were caught for the first three years, indeed such was the abundance that soles were frequently sold at five shillings per trunk. TIDES. The flood tide here, in the centre of the deep water, sets about S.E., but towards both banks it sets S. at floodand N.atebb. The S.E. or flood stream running until three hours and-a-half after high water at Spurn point. PUAT OF WELL BANK. Latitude 53° 50 N. Longitude 1° 41’ E. The flat of the Well Bank is a small piece of sandy ground lying E. byS. from the Spurn point about fifty six miles distant, and - 1s situated on the S.W. side of the great Silver Pits, the N.E. part of the ground running right into the Pits, In length it is about twelve miles—that is Easterly and Westerly—its greatest breadth about seven miles. ‘The soundings are thirty, twenty seven and twenty five fathoms to the N.E. running gradually up Southerly to a depth of fifteen fathoms, with fine sandy ground. Outside to the S.E. ward the ground is very foul, consisting of black and grey stones, with a depth of fourteen and sixteen fathoms. ‘There is also a large hole here, named the Well Hele, with a depth ot twenty seven and thirty fathoms. The W. side is also very foul with gravelly ground, and uneven soundings. ‘The fall of the year is the best season for working this ground, and a variety of fish is caught here | cele) FISHING GROUNDS IN THE NORTH SEA. This small fishing ground began to be used about the year 1838, for trawl fishing, at a time when the soles suddenly took off from the great Silver Pits. Such was the sudden scarcity that the fishing smacks could only get about two trunks of soles per week. TIDES. The tides here set flood about S. by E. and ebb N. by W. the flood running until three hours after high water at Spurn point. CROMER KNOWL OR DOWSING GROUND Latitude 53° 20’ N. Longitude 1° 35’ E. The fishing ground known by the name of Cromer Knowl, is situated between the Leman and Ower sands to the southward and the Dowsing bank to the northward. The best part of the ground may be said to lie at the back of the Haddock Bank or Cromer Knowl, over the tail ends of the Leman and Ower banks. The ground is also very fair on the south west side of the Knowl, where eighteen and twenty fathoms are to be found on a sandy bottom. ‘The ground is also clear for a considerable space ina N.N.W. direction from the tail end of the Ower bank in seven fathoms. The general depth between Leman and the Knowl, is from fifteen to twenty fathoms, until you get up to the Ower bank in about three fathoms. When within the sand, abreast of the last named depth, you will have twenty three fathoms on a yellowish coarse bottom—very remarkable soundings. ‘The Cromer Knowl is shoal, having only three fathoms thereon, but the ground is fine sand until you edge off to the north east part where it is very foul in a depth of twelve and fourteen fathoms—then clear again after you deepen the water to sixteen fathoms. ‘The soundings are very irregular taken as a whole, and great care must be taken by strangers in fishing this ground, as in all this part of the coast, the tides set so much to the S.E. ward and in thick weather are liable to get into danger. The course tothis ground from the Spurn is S.E. but care must be taken of the sets, and strength of the tides when coming up here; Cromer light kept S.W. by W. clears the N. end of the Ower bank by night. FISHING GROUNDS IN THE NORTH SEA. IOL TIDES. The tide here sets ebb about N.N.W. and flood S.S.E., the flood stream running until five hours after high water at the Spurn Point. This ground is of late discovery, and was first used about the year 1858, at which time a beautiful quality of fish were caught here in the summer season, consisting of soles, turbots, brills and dories, and other kinds of fish. weet ee fore PIT or NIN-E. HOLE: Bete R040 Ne LOD. £7730) kr. This spot, named the Sole Pit or Hole, is situated fifty miles from Spurn point, the course being nearly E.8.E. In length it is about fifteen miles, and say one mile in breadth. ‘The drift of the Hole is about N. until you get two-thirds down from the South end, it then turns more to the N.N.W. The general depth is from thirty- five to fifty fathoms. This spot formerly abounded with soles. and is still very productive though fluctuating. This fishing ground was first worked by small smacks in the year 1848 when large quantities of soles were taken. TIDES, The tides here sets flood about S.S.E. and ebb N.N.W., flood running until three-and-a-half hours after high water at Spurn Point. Pe LEMAN GROUND. Lat. 53° 28’ N., Longt. 2° 10’ E. The fishing ground commonly called the Back of the Leman, lies 8.H. by E. from the Spurn, about seventy miles distant. It is a fine sandy track of ground, with a depth of fourteen to eighteen fathoms of water; its N.W. boundary is the rough ground of the Wells Bank, and its S.E. boundary the Brown Bank. The ground altogether is one of the finest on the East coast, and at some periods of the year abounds with prime fish. When close up to the Swarte Bank the ground on that latitude runs some 102 FISHING GROUNDS IN THE NORTH SEA. distance to the N.W., as you are then above, that is to the S.W. of the foul ground of the Well Bank, and as the gravelly ground of the Wells Bank runs out in an E.S.E. direction, and then turns to the N.N.E. this may be said to be the widest part of the ground ; it should be observed that at the §.E. part of the Wells Bank the soundings are very irregular, close to the gravelly ground there being nine fathoms, then twenty, then fourteen, and so on. The ships position being easy to ascertain by those that are well acquainted, from this spot the Leman light ship bears 8S. W.4.8. about twenty miles distant. The banks at the outside of the Leman sands, consist ot fine ground, and can be worked, or fished, if desired. Inthe year 1846, this ground was first used for trawl fishing ; large quantities of superior plaice were the principal kind of fish caught here. TIDES: The tide here on the first of the flood sets out to the Eastward, then to the South, finally terminating in the 8.W., the ebb stream running about N.N.W. for about five hours; the flood stream runs here until five hours after high water at the Spurn Point. BOTNEY GROUND. Latitudé 53° 42’ N. Longitude 3° o’ E. This fishing ground named Botney, lies E. by S. from the Spurn point, ninety miles distant. It is an extensive ground running out about thirty miles from the back of the Wells bank, the S. part extends up to the Leman ground, and the N. part to the foul ground, that lies along the edge of the Wellbank, which is the boundary of the Great Silver Pits; the depth of water from the before stated rough ground is twenty and eighteen fathoms fine sandy ground, shoaling to fifteen. As you go to the Southward, the deep water track known by the name of the Botney Gut, runs up to the Southward, and is lost on soundings of twenty fathoms fine sandy soil; the Gut itself has very deep soundings, having from thirty-five to forty-five fathoms, with black mud. Outside of the Botney Gut to the Eastward the ground is hard and foul for a space, having soundings of nineteen fathoms, with greyish coarse sand; at the extreme 8.1’. side of the Gut there isone spot very steep where from twenty you will suddenly drop to thirty-five fathoms; the ground generally is all fine sandy soundings for miles, and guts of depths of twenty-three and twenty-seven fathoms are to be met FISHING GROUNDS IN THE NORTH SEA. 103 with ; this ground formerly abounded with a great variety of fish ; but of late years has not been so productive. Trawl fishing was first commenced here in the year 1841 by fishermen from Hull and London; besides being very productive of all kinds of fish there was an abundance of oysters which were sold at very low prices, owing to the plentiful supply. TIDES. The tides here set about the same time as at the Leman, namely, first of flood to the E. round by S. and terminating Westerly; ebb about N. by W.and at the neaps scarcely any stream can be observed; flood stream runs until four hours anda half after high water at Spurn Point. DOGGER BANK. Lat. 55° 30’ N., Lon. 2° o’ E. This very extensive fishing ground known by the name of the Dogger Bank, is seventy miles from the Spurn Point in an E.N.EH. direction, it then extends one hundred and fifty miles further, terminating with a spit or point, and is about sixty miles wide at the broadest part, and although so large yet there are parts of the bank that are barren and scarcely produce any fish whatever; the parts chiefly resorted to by trawl fishermen are the West shoal, the South West spit, the South part of the bank, and the East end. I will endeavour briefly to describe those parts chiefly for the benefit of youth engaged in the fishing trade, for whose improvement this little work is written. First the West shoal :—this is a part of the bank that is first struck when coming from the Spurn steering E.N.E. and the ground is very shallow, having a depth of only ten, eight, and seven fathoms, for a distance of twenty miles on an E.8.E. and W.N.W. bearing; the ground is fine sand, and this part of shoal wateris narrow and much frequented. Second, the &.W. spit, named on the the charts Outer Well Bank, this spit frequently abounds with large quantities of haddocks and plaice in the months of October and November; it has a depth of fifteen and eighteen fathoms, with soundings of fine sand, and also coarse sand and small stones. Between this spit and the West shoal the ground forms a kind of bay, having irregular soundings of forty, thirty, and twenty fathoms; the further Easterly—the shallower the water, as will be seen by reference to a good chart. After proceeding further out, in an easterly direction we now come to the South part 104 FISHING GROUNDS IN THE NORTH SEA. of the bank, and here the ground is of fine sand for a considerable space, with soundings of fourteen, sixteen, and twenty fathoms ; this part is also much resortedto. rom here the bank is generally barren, for a distance of twenty miles, being a weedy soil, it then changes and is more or less productive right out to the Hast end of the bank; the ground is all of a fine sandy soil for miles ; again, on the body of the bank the soundings are fourteen, fifteen, and seventeen fathoms, but strange as it may appear, there is seldom or never any fish. We now come to the North part, and will observe that here, in the latitude of Scarborough, just outside the North shoal, the ground is foul, abounding in banks of clay, and also shelving stones, hence this part is not much frequented; but outside of this spot it is clear; again, right to the East end witha depth of twenty fathoms, and red sandy soundings; again, just to the Northward of the West shoal is what is called the North West spit, a spot of seventeen fathoms, with stoney ground, which should be guarded against, and just without this foul ground is a gut of twenty-three fathoms to be had before you get to the body of the bank of twelve and fourteen fathoms. Cod fish have been caught abundantly here formerly ; but of late have been scarce. The bank was first used for trawl fishing in the year 1850, _ previous to which time it was used for line fishing. The fishermen of Antwerp in Belgium are supposed to have frequented the Dogger bank for two hundred years previous. TIDES: The tide on the Dogger bank is generally weak, and chiefly consists of a current setting Easterly. ss Clay Deep, or South East Swash of Dogger Bank. Latitude 54° 50 N. Longitude 3 20’ E. This track of ground commonly called the Clay Deep, or South Kast swash of Dogger bank, lies E. by N.3.N. hundred and thirty miles from the Spurn point. It extends twenty five miles N.E. and S.W., andis composed of soft oasy ground. Its boundaries are named by the fishermen the upper and lower scruff—that is, if you get to the Southward ofthe proper track, which is a fine piece of. FISHING GROUNDS IN THE NOR7A SEA. 105 clear ground, you encounter an abundance of rubbish, namely, dead oyster shells and rough stones Also when you get below—that is, to the N.K. side, you find the same kind more or fess. When in the proper track the ground is remarkably clear for at least ten or twelve miles outside to the Hastward of the edge of the Dogger Bank; after you get outside of this line you again encounter an abundance of rubbish. ‘The best guide is to work from the edge of the bank in fourteen or sixteen fathoms out to twenty-six fathoms and then back again. ‘This fishing ground generally abounds with fish from the month of August up to and including the month of February. After that the fishing becomes more or less scarce. This spot of ground was first frequented for trawl fishing in the year 18438. TIDES. ' There is not much tide hereabouts; but a current is setting to the Eastward ten hours out of twelve. East End of the Dogger Bank. Lat. 55° 25’ N., Longt. 4° 30’ EB. Although I have given a description of the Dogger Bank in a former chapter I will now endeavour to point out another very productive spot, which lies: at the extreme end of the bank. After finding that you are at the end of the bank edge, off to the 8.E. you will encounter a space of ground cf considerable extent, with a depth in general of twenty-two and twenty-four fathoms; this lies in lat. 55° 25’ N. and longt. 4° 30’ E. ‘The ground is fine, brown sandy soil and much resembles the southern part of the Off Grounds ; it is generally very free from rubbish and scruff, (so called by the fishermen,) and the months of September and October appear to be its best season; this spot combined with the Spit of the bank, is considered one of the best fishing tracks known, and generally fine voyages of fish are caught here TIDES. In this locality a current is setting almost continually in an Easterly direction. 106 FISHING GROUNDS IN THE NORTH SEA. SMITH’S KNOWL, Lat. 52° 50’ N., Longt. 2° 12’ E. This fishing ground lies E. by N. from Yarmouth, distant twenty miles, and is a bank of nearly twenty miles in length, and lies in a N. by E. direction. It can be worked in various ways; sometimes by towing down the bank, at other times by dropping along the edge or by working the deep water outside, or what is called the Flat atthe South end. Taken altogether it requires some experience to work it satisfactorily. It should therefore not be attempted by any one except by the aid of a pilot, as the tides run with great rapidity in this locality. It generally abounds with a superior quality of soles, turbots and plaice, which fetch the highest price in the London market. This bank began to be used for trawl fishing in the year 1834 by the London fishing smacks, at which time there was a good supply of fish taken, principally soles inthe summer season, which were conveyed to London in light vans, made for the purpose from Gt. Yarmouth. TIDES at the SMITH KNOWL. The tides here set §.8.W. at flood, and at ebb N.N.E., and at the height of the springs run about three miles an hour. ‘The flood stream terminates about one hour and a half after the time of high water at Yarmouth. BROWN BANK. Latitude 52° 58’ N. Longitude 2° 58’ HE. The fishing ground named the Brown Bank lies E. by N. from Yarmouth, fifty miles distant, has soundings of fourteen fathoms with fine brown sand, and at the S.W. part the ground is what is called ridgey, having sixteen fathoms, then twenty, and so on. It formerly abounded with fine qualities of fish, but now may be considered almost obsolete, having been superseded by the superior fishings of the Dogger Bank and elsewhere. This bank is one of the oldest of the British fishing grounds, and was first used about the year 1822, at which time small fishing vessels with wells in them, used to come here and catch fine qualities of plaice, and convey them alive to the London market. FISHING GROUNDS IN THE NORTH SEA. 107 Gee Aer iS HIRE BANK. Latitude 57° 20’ N. Longitude 1° 38’ E. This large space of ground, known by the name of Great Fisher Bank, is situated in the N.E. part of the German Ocean; it is of vast extent, and, has been recently discovered, as a trawling ground. The ground chiefly consist of sandy soundings, of mud and oase, with depths of water varying from forty to forty-five fathoms. The best track hitherto used, (1877) is in Latitude 57° 20’ and Longitude 1° 40’E. with the Spurn Point. bearing 8.W. by 8. distance two hundred and thirty miles, and St. Abbs head in Scotland, bearing W. by 8. distance onehundred and sixty miles. As the bank is of recent discovery as a trawling ground. it is not considered as yet to be fully explored, but we find that the Eastern part is foul, more or less, and that the North Western part is most productive. Large quantities of fish chiefly haddocks, plaice and cod, being brought from here to the Hull and Grimsby markets. This ground has now been worked about five years. FLADEN GROUND. Latitude 58” 25 Longitude 0 10 m. This fishing ground is very extensive, and is situated to the North West of the Great Fisher Bank; its Northern part lies with Kinnaird Head in Scotland, W. by South, distance one hundred miles; the water is very deep, ranging from fifty to eighty fathoms, and the soundings are chiefly clay and ease. It abounds with large quantities of fish, haddocks, cod and ling, also halibut; it has been the chief resort of the deep sea line fishermen both, English and foreign, for a considerable time, but lately it has been used for trawl fishing also. This ground has not been used much by the trawling vessels on account of the great depth of water, but steam power having now beenintroduced for heaving up the gear, this ground will probably be much more used. The course from the Spurn to this ground is N.N. East. toS FISHING GROUNDS IN THE NORTH SEA, TEXEL GROUND. Latitude 52° 50’ N. Longitude 4° 30’ E. This fishing ground is situate on the coast of Holland, the course thereto from the Spurn Point, being 8.H. by E. one hundred and sixty miles distant. The ground is very fine having a depth of fourteen fathoms with fine whitish sand, when abreast of Pettin and Camperdown, and which changes to brown sand as you draw down abreast of Kykduin or the Texel. Strangers when fishing here should, when Kykduin fixed white light bears 8.S.E., haul their vessels out into sixteen or eighteen fathoms, with the light just dipping, because if you go too close in abreast of the Texel, you will find the ground very foul, abounding with large stones, nor should you with Easterly winds go to the Westward of Egmond, as above that line the ground abounds with foul substances, named by the fishermen Moorelog; they consist of large congealed substances, resembling clogs of earth, some of them weighing as much as five cwt., and spreading over a space of not less than fifteen miles in a Westerly direction, and about the same distance from the land; hence, when fishing here, care must be taken either to keep to the EH. of Egmond (where are two lights), or else go outside altogether again. This ground may be worked right down to Terschelling, by using a good lead and taking care to keep outside of the coarse ground, that runs | all the way down tothe end of the Vlie Island. By only keeping clear of the before mentioned foul ground, you may work Kasterly at discretion, as outside the ground is clear for miles, and the general depths of water in all this track, will be from fourteen to eighteen fathoms with brown sandy soundings, until you. get down below Viieland, it then changes to a blackish sand. The best season for fishing here is during the months of April and May. TIDES. Tt is high water at the back of the Haaks bank about seven o’clock, the Hastern tide is the flood tide and the Western the ebb, but I may add that in this locality the tide is constantly. changing going round with the Sun, varying three points in the compass every hour, hence care is required by those not acquainted with these parts. | This ground was first used for trawl fishing by the London deep sea fishing craft, about the year 1836, at which time they used to work in small parties or fleets of ten in company, the vessels having wells in them. ‘The fish caught was as a rule conveyed to London. FISHING GROUNDS IN THE NORTH SEA. 10G TERSCHELLING TO BORKUM. Latitude 58° 28’ N., Longitude 5° 5’ BE. This fishing ground is situated one hundred and eighty seven miles from Grimsby, and formerly abounded with all kinds of prime fish, but of late yeais has deteriorated to some extent, its most productive season being May and June. The coast can be safely worked by strangers, all the way from Terschelling down to Borkum, by simply keeping a good look-out for the land; the ground itself is all fine, sandy soil out to a depth of twenty fathoms, it then changes to mud, and abounds with oysters. By not getting the Hast end of the Vlio Island to the Eastward of 8.8.E. you will keep clear of the foul ground that lies off that island, and can work at discretion in eighteen sixteen, and twelve fathoms of water, right down to Borkum. Care should be taken when off Borkum and Scheimlegogg, not to get too farin, as the sands run along way from the main shore, (in some places between the islands, six miles,) and which in thick weather is dangerous, especially with a shore-wind. It should also be borne in mind that the tide is almost always setting to the Eastward. The light vessel off Borkum is now an excellent guide, enabling the _ fishermen to work more advantageously; but at the same time it should be remembered that the foul ground off Borkum reef runs a long way off and must be guarded against. The light vessel shows a fixed white light on the fore and mizen by night, and a red light on the main mast, in the shape of a triangle. She lies in thirteen fathoms, N. by W., eighteen miles distant from Borkum light house. As there are some dangerous sand banks between all the islands from Kykduin to the river Weser, a good look out should be kept. Texel Island shows a powerful revolving light, and can:be seen twenty miles. Viie Island, a dull fixed light at the East end. Terschelling, one fixed light. Schemonnikoog, two fixed lights; and Borkum, one fixed light. The English trawlers first used this ground in the spring of the year 1847, when large quantities of soles were caught. In former times, vessels from London came down here and purchased cargoes of splendid turbots from the small Dutch craft that frequented the coast and conveyed them alive in the wells to the Billingsgate market. It is on record that the London vessels first came here about the middle of the seventeenth century, and purchased their cargoes at fabulously low prices. IIo FISHING GROUNDS IN THE NORTH SEA. TIDES. The tides on this coast set about the same as the Texel, viz, almost constantly varying withthesun ; but here are two slacks of short duration, viz, when the tide changes from the Western set to N.N.W. aiso when it changes from E.8.E to8.; at other times it is constantly changing, but chiefly in an Easterly direction. Itis high water on the ground at the back of the sands, at 8. 40, full and change. NORDERNEY to WANGEROGG. Latitude 53° 45’ N., Longitude 7° 6’ E. After passing the before mentioned fishing grounds of Terschelling and Borkum, we arrive at Norderney. The distance from Grimsby to this ground is about two hundred and thirty miles, the course being E. by 8.48. By keeping clear of the foul ground off Borkum Reef it may be worked all the way down to Wangerogg. The ground is of a fine sandy soil, from the shore and outwards, consequently the inexperienced find no difficulty in working this part of the German coast, especially since the new light has been placed on Norderney Island. (lt is an intermitting one, revolving every few seconds.) As the ground is good all the way to within a few miles from the Island of Heligoland, a man with a good knowledge of the chart needs no further assistance in working this jocality. The working of those grounds was first commenced in 1852 when fish became scarce at Terschelling, and after the ice system began to be fully developed by having larger vessels. Fine qualities of fish were caught here in the Spring of the year. Steamers being occasionally employed to tow the cutters from Borkum to London. a TIDES. The tides here are about the same as at Terschelling, setting mostly to the Eastward. It is high water on full and change at 11.15 FISHING GROUNDS IN THE NORTH SEA, Itt HELIGOLAND to SILT. Latitude 54° 12’ N., Longitude 7° 50’ E. The fishing ground known as ‘Off the Silt Island’ is very extensive, reaching from off Heligoland down to the Horns Reef. The greatest part of it is fine sandy ground, all the way from the main shore until you get off into about sixteen fathoms of water. Strangers should never get in the stream of Heligoland, that is with the island on a §.S8.W. bearing, unless they are about eighteen miles from it, ason that bearing the ground is very foul ; when within the before mentioned distance; but should endeavour to keep the island on a South bearing, until you get from sixteen to eighteen miles from it. You then can work out Westerly into fourteen fathoms, and towards the shore in seven or eight. It will be well to remember that the Danish Coast is very shallow a long way off which will be seen by reference to the chart ; consequently care must be taken,especially as the tide in some places sets strongly on tothe shore. The general depth of water for a considerable distance is from twelve to eight fathoms. After you get down abreast of the West end ofthe Silt Island, (in about fifteen. or sixteen fathoms,) you will encounter an extensive patch of foul ground,, which runs down almost to the Horns Reef; but after crossing it out to the N.W. you can work again at discretion, as the ground there is fine and clear for miles. The depth will be eighteen and twenty fathoms, and further out twenty-five fathoms; the ground then consists of white oase. As this ground is very large and has a great variety of soundings, great experience and long practise is required to enable anyone to work it to advantage. After getting below the Horns Reef, which is well known to be dangerous, the coast can be approached with more safety. The ground for a long distance is very fine until you get out in about fifteen or sixteen fathoms. You then again find extensive patches of foul ground; but after crossing these you will again fall into clear ground in depths of twenty and twenty-five fathoms of water. The best plan for the inexperienced is to shape a course from the Spurn Point to Heligoland. You may then berth the vesel with more ease and safety. Taken as a whole this is one of the finest fishing grounds for the Spring and Summer months, when great quantities of all kinds of fish may be caught here. I would also observe that now (1877,) there is a flash light placed on the Island of Amrum, which cannot fail to prove an excellent guide to vessels II2 FISHING GROUNDS IN THE NORTH SEA, when fishing off that part of the coast. The light is a powerful flash one, and can be seen a distance of twelve miles. It shows three flashes in quick succession, by which it can be easily distinguished from the Silt and Lister lights. I may further remark that there is a larger beacon placed on the sea sand to the Southward of Amrum Island, which with the light houses already named will enable any one to work here comparatively easy. A light vessel carrying three lights is proposed for the Horns Reef. This ground was discovered as a trawling ground in tne year 1862, when great quantities of fish were brought from here to the Hull and London markets. TIDES. The tides here are various; for instance, at Heligoland the sets are about N.N.W. and S.S.E. Lower down to the Eastward the stream sets more E: and W. and at the Horns Reef there appears to be a current setting North Easterly, or nearly so, according to the indents of the land, so appears to be the variety of tides, It is high water on full and change at Heligoland at 11.33. Table of Courses and Distances To the various Fishing Grounds in fair berths. FROM THE SPURN POINT, TO South Off Ground, E. by N...........0008... 32 miles. North Off Ground, N.E. by E.......c0s.2008 23.) tose Flambro’ Head Ground, N. E.......e.006.5. 32 99 North East Grounds, N.E. by E...... cscanel 5 Sumage Great Silver Pits) E..it..c./0u.0.. 2) 2g OCR Dowsings or Cromer Knowl, 8.E.by E.. 60 ,, NN ES Hole; BeBe Ws oc icy steicueeniees + 50 5 Shoal of Dogger, E.N.E ....... os sain TOs sah South Dorger; Eby NV 2. S5-sweyyeg End or East Spit of Dogger, E.N.E....210 ,, Botney Ground, E. by 8S ......-.+ss008 QO 4 FISHING GROUNDS IN THE NORTH SEA. 113 FROM THE SPURN POINT, TO Flat of Well Bank, E. byS.......+.... 56 miles or 60 ema Ground, 8... by Eis ..escc se ceer7 Gh ss Texel SOP ee DV Sls! Wie sks wees LOOen es; Smemecred ies f MSrby ne.) § old ote-eleie ereteleie BO c4 99 Nordnery, E. by S.38. ee ee i 1 99 Heligoland, E.3S see everereeerseseverasy 9 From the Off Ground to Silver Pits, E. by S..... 30 miles 4 i Shoalof Dogger, E.N.E.. 40 ,, Pee moerer-toi Silver! Pits, S.S.W 0.6.6. ee« Oeil ues », Shoal of Dogger to Botney, 8S. by W.. re ae 3 ‘eleman Ground to Silver Pits N.by W.. PY As outside of Dogger,N. E. go ¥ 5 Dogger SHoOalitobbexely Oi. Bs. cede. 120m) sa, » Cromer Knowl to Off Grounts Nee... 60., ,, aa Pe Silver Pits, N.E. by N Coats, . Botney, E. byN . CW tee 3, Silver Pits to a berth outside of Dogger ” Deka OY Lee wh cee ade te, LNAI. § AE hes », Cromer Light to Dogger Shoal, N.E.byN go ,, He Off Ground, N. fhe ByD65 5 is) »» Flambro’ “Head to ss Le Drea Le ey .s yp Dogger Shoal, ey se FOR oy 55 Silver Pits E.S.E .. 1 7Snns » Spurn Point to Clay Deep E. by N. iN, RIGO u/s Gt. Fisher Bank, N.E. byN. 2 40uin Sir ». ©* PLAIN DIRECTIONS FOR TAKING THE HARBOUR OF HARWICH. The harbour of Harwich in the county of Essex is a fine safe | harbour, and forms the entrances to the rivers Stour and Orwell. The ~ town is on the West side of the harbour, where there is every | convenience for the fish trade. The harbour is the chief | resort for coasters - and fishing craft in bad“ weather, ' upwards*' ‘of thtee hundred sail having taken refuge, there at one time.’ The harbour is of sufficient depth for vessels of. considerable size, Which@ahchor ona bottom free from rocks,’ ‘excepting those’ off the end of the breakwater named Cliff Foot | rocks.’ -It was formeriy encumbered with various shoals, but they i “have been' removed by dredging. Spring tides rise eleven and a 144 “O PO PO Pd PO pod Po THE FISHERMAN’S CATECHISM. Why so considered ? Because the ground is more loose and less sharp. Does the tide run very strong here ? Yes, with great rapidity on the springs. How does it set ? Nearly South South East and North North West. Are there any banks off Flambro’ Head ? Yes. How do they bear from the Head ? East by South. What is the depth of water on them ? Fifteen to eighteen fathoms. What kind of soundings ? Very light colored sand. How do they bear from the Spurn? North East by East: What kind of Light is there at the Head ? Revolving Light. Is it white or Red? Two White and one Red alternately. What signal is there in a fog at Flambro’ Head ? Warning Gun fired. What kind of Harbour is there at Burlington ? It dries at low water. 167 Are there not two lights to the Northward of Flambro’ Head 2 Yes. Where situated ? At Whitby Cliffs. What kind of harbour is there at Scarboro’' ? Dry one—that is, it runs dry at low water. Is it easy of excess ? | Yes, by day-ligbt and at tide time. 168 THE FISHERMAN’S CATECHISM. SECTION II. Where are the great Silver Pits situated ? Between the Dogger and Well’s Bank. How does it bear from Spurn Point ? East by Compass. What is the distance ? Sixty miles. How wide do you consider the Pits to be? About twelve miles. What is the extreme length ? Sixty miles. . Is the water deep or shallow Decp at the West end, and shallower at the East. State what is the difference f Fifty-six fathoms at West-end, thirty at the Eastward. Ts there no deeper water at the Eastern part ? Yes forty-five along the Well’s Bank, close to Botney Gut. What kind of soundings are found there? Blue Clay close to the Wells’ Bank; white mud, on the Dogger side. PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO Q. Are there any banks in the Great Pits? A. Yes, ore about two-thirds, Easterly from the West end. Q. What is the depth of water anc soundings en it? A. Seventeen fathoms with graveily ground, Q. What kind of bottom is there at the West end ? A. Black mud on the Welis’ Bank side. Q. is there no foul ground at the Kast end ot the Pits 2 A. Yes, in twenty-eight fathoms on the Dogger side. Q. How is it known ? , A. By the soundings, which consist of stone acd gravel Q. Where is the ground named flat of Well’s Bank? A: At the inner or Western part of the Well!’s Bank. THE FISHERMAN’S CATECHISM, 169 What distance is it from the Spurn ? . Sixty miles. © How does it lie? In what direction ? About ten miles East and West, and seven North and South. >O Pp What kind of soundings are to be found ? Brown sand at the middle part, stones [Easterly anc Westerly. What is the depth of water? Sixteen fathoms South- Westerly, twenty-five North-Lasterly How does the tide run ? Southerly at flood, Northerly at ebb. GP PO PO What is the course from the Spurn ? East by South. Where is Botney ground? At the outside of the Well’s Bank. What distance trom the Spurn? From ninety to one hundred miles, What is the depth of water found there ? From eighteen to twenty fathoms. What kind of soundings ? Soft brown sand and white oase ? Is there ne deep water to be found there ? Yes. in Botney Gut. Describe it ? lt is a narrow gut of deep water running South Soxth East. > Whai is the depth of water and soundings in it ? Forty-five fathoms with black mud. Does it not connect with the Silver Pits ? eee runs North, North West into the East end of the its PD PO PO PO PO Pm PO PE > « Q. Is there no foul ground in the locality ? A.—Yes, the edge of the Well’s Bank inside Westerly PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PE PO PO PO PO BO THE FISHERMAN’S CATECHISM, No other ? Yes, the Eastern side is also very tuul. Is there no other deep water to be found r Yes, the Swatch way of the Well’s Bank. Where is that situated ? Opposite the Bank in the Fits Describe it ? It runs into the Well’s Bank five miles South South East What depth of water and soundings are to be found ? 50, 40, 30, and 25 fathoms with white mud. What kind of soundings will be found at the E. of the Gut? Gray sand, in nineteen fathoms. How does the S. end of Leman and Ower Sands bear from the Gut ? South West by West. Where is the ground named Back of Leman? Outside to the Eastward of the Leman Sands. What is the course from the Spurn ? South East by East. What is the distance ? Seventy-five miles. What kind of soundings are to be met with ? Brown sandy soundings. State the depths of water. Sixteen to eighteen fathoms. Are there not some banks to be found there ? Yes, three inside to the Westward. How does the tide set there ? First of flood to the East, round by South, to South West. How does the ebb run ? North North West to North East. Is there no foul ground ? Yes, on the South Eastern part of the Well’s Bank. THE FISHERMAN’S CATECHISM. 171 Q. Where is the Brown Bank situated ? 'A. To the South East of the Leman Ground. Q. What is the depth of water ? A. From fourteen to sixteen fathoms. Q. What kind of soundings are there ? A. Brown sandy soundings. Q. How does it bear from Yarmouth ? A. East by North. Q. Where is Cromer Knowl or Dowsing Ground ? A. At the South East of the Haddock Bank. Q. What is the general depth of water found here ? A. Fifteen fathoms Northerly, twenty-two Southerly. Q. What kind of soundings? A. Very irregular of various kinds, stones, sand, shells, &c. Q. How does the tide run ? A. South South Kast, and North North West. O.—Where is the Sole Pit, or N. N. East Hole? A.—Last South East from the Spurn. What is the depth of water? From forty to fifty fathoms. » What is the distance from the Spurn ? Fifty miles. Are there no other holes in the locality ? Yes, two. Where are they to be found ? One to the South named N. East Hole, and one in the Well’s Bank. PO PO PO Po QO. Is the water very deep ? A. Forty fathoms in North-West Hole, thirty-two in the Well’s Bank. Q Is there no other deep water ? A Yes, the Little Silver Pits with fiffy fathoms, 172 See Po ee oe ee >D PO 2 PD PE PE i = THE FISHERMAN’S CATECHISM, Where is the Dogger Bank situated ? Nearly in the centre of the North Sea or German Ocean. Is it very extensive ? Yes, about 150 miles Easterly and Westerly, and 60 North West and South East What is the distance to the nearest part from Spurn ? Seventy miles. What is the depth of water ? Eighteen to twenty on the South part, fourteen on the body cf the bank. Is there no shaliower to be found ? Yes, on the Western Shoal and at the edge of the Pits, What is the depth found there ? From seven to eleven fathoms. Is the bottom fine ground or foul ? Fine, excepting to the North West, where it is very foul, What is the least depth known on the Shoal ? Five fathoms have been found eighty miles trom the Spurn. Where is the great Fisher Bank ? To the North East-ward of the Dogger Bank. What is the distance to there from the Spurn Point? Two hundred and fifty miles. What is the depth of water? From thirty-five to forty-five fathoms, What kind of soundings are there? Of a mixed kind. What are the courses steered from the Spurn ? From North East by North to North East by East Are there no other Fishing grounds ? Meee Where are they situated ? ; One off the Sylt Island in ten fathoms. >e © DO > PO DO PO PO PO DO Q A. Q PO PO be %) THE FISHERMAN‘’S CATECHISM. 173 ~Q.. What is the course from the Spurn ? A. Kast. Q. What is the distance ? A. About three hundred miles. Is this ground very large ? Very large, extending from Amrum Island to Horn Reef. You said there were more fishing grounds, where are they ? One from Norderney to Wangerogg. Please describe it ? It consists of sandy soundings running parallel wit: land. What is the depth of water found there ? Eighteen fathoms off and to twelve in shore. Cannot you go closer in ? Yes, by day light, or by night in fine clear weather, Is the coast well lighted ? Yes, now, but not formerly What lights. are they ? Revolving light at Wangerogg. Is there no other? Yes, a very fine intermitting light at Norderney. Does the ground require great skill to work? No, only pay attention to the tides. What else ? Keep a good look out. Describe the other grounds ? One N. N. West from Norderney, famous for Plaice. The next off Borkum, which must be worked with care, on account of the rough reef. Which is the next ? From Schiemologg to Terschelling. What kind of ground is to be found there ? All fine sandy ground. What is the general depth of water? . , Fourteen to sixteen fathoms. A Q. Are there no dangerous sand banks ? A Yes. 174 THE FISHERMAN’S CATECHISM. What ¢ are they ? Reefs of sand between the Islands all the way upto Texel. Do they extend off from the land very far? Yes, from five to six miles. >O Are there more lights on the coast? Yes, several. Where? ate One Light Ship off Borkum, showing three lightss and one light fixed on the Borkum Island; two lights at Schiemologg and one at Terschelling. PO PO PO Are there any more ? One large revolving light on Texel Island, and one fixed light at Kykduin. PO Where is the Texel fishing ground ? Off Kykduin up to Camperdown. Is the ground fine or otherwise ? Fine sandy ground. What is the depth of water ? Twelve, fourteen, and eighteen fathoms. Is there no foul ground ? Yes, off the Texel Island. What is the course from Spurn Point ? South East by East. And the distance ? One hundred and sixty miles. How do the tides set? What is called ‘ rotary.” What is that ? Gradually go round with the sun. How far off do you think it extends ? About twenty miles. Do you loose the great Eastern set then? Yes, to a great extent. What is the cause of the Eastern set ? It is considered Heligoland bight, also many long rivers lying close together. ~ Is that the general opinion ? Yes, by a great many.’ PO PO PO POUPO PO PO PO PO PO PO Po. Po PO PO © PO PO PO PO PO ee ee Pe eee PO OO DO THE FISHERMAN S CATEC!!IS3I. 175 Have you described all the fishing grounds? No. Where are the rest ? One off the Schowen Island, named Schowen Ground. Describe it ? It is composed of fine sand and shells, Schowen bearing D..o. W. What is the depth of water ? From sixteen to twenty fathoms, Where is the coast ground ? Off Lowestoft and Yarmouth. What are the courses steered to this ground ? From E. S. East to S. 8. East from Yarmouth. What kind of ground ? Sandy to the East, foul to the Westward. What is the depth of water ? From twenty to thirty fathoms. What is the course from Galloper Light ? E, by North thirty miles. How does the tide run in the North Sea ? Between Yarmouth and Holland, ebb E. N. East and flood W. S. West. How does the tide set off Schowen ? Rotary against the sun. Have you described all the fishing grounds ? No, there are some off the North Foreland. What are they? The Falls’ Bank and Foreland Grounds. Where is the Foreland Ground situated ? Between the Galloper Light Ship and the North Foreland. Is the ground fine or rcugh ? Generally of a coarse sand. What is the depth of water? Twenty fathoms in the middle, and twenty-seven fathoms at the Eastern side. How does the tide set ? Flood West S. West, ebb East N. East. 176 THE FISHERMAN’S CATECHISM, : Are not the Horn Reefs dangerous ? Yes, as it abounds with shallow ya‘ches. PO Q. What is the general depth of water on them? A. From nine to twelve feet ? Q. Are there any buoys on it? Pusaay GS Q. Where, and of what kind ? A. Large beacon buoy off the West part, Q. Are there any Light Vessels there ? A. No, but one is expected to be placed there. Q. Does not the neighbourhood abound with fich? A. Yes, large quantities are taken there ? Q. When is the best season ? A. From April to July. Is this the extent of the fishing grounds? No. Where else ? The Danish coast is worked too miles below the Resi a >O Does the fishing ground lie close with the jand? Yes, and generally in about ten fathoms of water and less. PO Q. Is there any foul ground? A. Yes, a large track running Easterly in sixteen fathoms. Q. Is there any fishing at Heligoland ? A. Yes, a track South of the Island up to Wangeroge. Q. How is the ground to the Nerthwara of the Island? A. The ground is very foul to the N. N. East of Heligoland for twelve miles : Q. What kind of light is there on the Island? A. One fixed white light showing over twenty miles. Is there not a Light Vessel at the mouth of the Weser ? Yes, one showing three lights, a very good g tide for the coast. PO Is there a good harbour at Heligoland ? No, only a place of refuge in case of dire necessity, , ‘Then it is not to be recommended ? No, as it opens to dangerous N. W. gales of wind. >O PO FLILE YT. Po O > O PO PO > PO O PP md Ro) PO PO PO P rPO PO PO > THE FISHERMAN’S CATECHISM. 177 Where is the best Roadstead in the humber with East wind? Hawkroads and under the Spurn Where with South West wind ? Grimsby Roads. And with a Northerly gale of wind? Sunk Roads, If further up the river, where in Mg gale? Whitebooth Roads. How must you keep the Spurn Lights in coming for the river? In one bearing North West from the Southward. How does the land lie North of the Humber ? Nearly North by West. And from Burlington to the Head ? East. Where is there good shelter in N. East gales of wind? Burlington Bay. Is the water deep or shallow inside the Dogger Bank ? Deep; from forty tc forty-five fathoms. What is the course from Flamboro’ Head to the Spurn ? Scuth half West. And the distance ? Thirty-five miles. Whick is the easiest Gat to take at Yarmouth ? St. Nicholas’ Gat, or, called also Hewitt Channel ? Why so? Because there are two lights, one at each end. What ane oy lig! ht has the outside Vessel ? One Red re ing light. y o And what the inside ? White fixed Light, also one Red at the after-part of the Vessel. What kind of Light Ship is the Newarp? One powerful flash Light. 178 CATECHISM OF THE STEAM ENG!NE, CATECHISM OF THE STEAM ENGINE. DESCRIBE THE MACHINERY CONNECTED WITH THE “ROBEY” TRAWLING ENGINE. The machinery consists first of a boiler, in which the steam is made, an engine for converting the steam pressure into a rotary motion, and a revolving drum or capstan, round which a coil of the trawl warp is taken. There is also an overhanging capstan head, which can be used for hauling in the dandy bridie for bringing up the bag of the net, or for warping the ship into any position. Can the engine be also used to propel the vessel ? It is not ordinarily so fitted, as it requires a greater power to propel the vessel than is required to haul in the net; but when required, an engine of larger power can be fixed, which can be used for any of the previously mentioned purposes, and made to propel the vessel] in addition.—- . in working a steam engine what are the principal points to be - attended to? To maintain the right water-ievel in the boiler, to keep the steam always at a good pressure, and to see that all the working parts are properly adjusted and oiled before commencing to work.— If you were told to get up steain in the engine, how would you proceed ? By filling up the boiler with water to the height of the cress bar on the guard of the water guage. What should you do next ? See that the glass water guage is in propet ordet by opening the bottom cock to let water run 9ut; CATECHISM OF THE STEAM ENGINE. 179 How do you clean it if you find it stopped up? By taking out the screw plugs standing to the front, and running a piece of wire through the holes into ) the boiler ; this will also ensure the cocks next the boiler being open as they always should be. If the water guage gets choked while at work, what is to be done? Use the guage cocks instead, occasionally opening the, and taking care that the water level is kept at such a height that water always comes out of the lower one and steam out of the upper one. If the glass guage breaks’ while at work, how can it be replaced ? Should this occur; immediately close both the top and bottom cocks next the boiler, take out the screw caps, brass guard, and broken glass, also the india-rubber washers ; examine these and if they are not damaged they can be used again; replace the washers in the recesses in both the top and bottom fittings, take one of the spare guage glasses sent out with each engine, and having rubbed a little oil on the outside pass it downwards, first through the washer in the top fitting, and then through the brass guard, and bottom guard plug into the washer in the bottom fitting, replace the screw-cap and gland, and open the cocks again. Having proved the gauges to be all right and filled the boiler, can the fire be lighted now ? No, the tubes must be swept out by taking off the caps at the top of the boiler, and putting the tube brush down each. What is the good of this? If the tubes are not kept clean it will take along time to get steam up, and be difficult to keep it up. For the same purpose the fire-bars should be examined, and all clinkers and rubbish cleared out. After having lighted the fire, what is the next thing to be done? See that the safety valve is in good order by taking off the nut of the spring balance; seeing that the valve and face are clean, then replace the nut and screw it down to about five Ibs. pressure ; 180 CATECHISM OF THE STEAM ENGINE. as the steam rises and blows off, screw down the nut a little further until the working pressure is attained. Why is this done? To prevent the possibility of the valve sticking. When the steam is un the lock-up v alve may be tried with the lever provided for the purpose ; this should be done every day, and if ever the valve is found to stick, it should be taken to pieces and cleaned. What else should be done while steam is getting up? All the oil cups must be filled, and the syphon wicks examined to sce that they properly enter the tubes. All the working parts being properly oiled, turn the fly-wheel round by hand to see that all is free and clear; if any knock or looseness is felt in the bearings they should now be adjusted. If steam is up now, may the engine be started ? ‘ Yes—-taking notice that there is water in the tank for the pump to draw from. How should the engine be started ? By first moving the fly-wheel by hand, until the crank is a little befcre half stroke, and open the cylinder cocks wide; the stop valve should then be opened gradually, letting the engine run slowly, until water has ceased coming from the cylinder cocks, then these may be shut and the stop valve opened wide, leaving the speed to be controlled by the governor. What is the first thing to attend to when the engine is started ? To see if the feed pump is in working order, by first opening the overflow cock, when the water should ascend to the pump on the right, and descend to the tank again through the cock on the left side, should this occur—shut the cock and the water will go into the boiler. May the pump be left alone then ? No—if the overflow cock is shut to the tank, too much water will be pumped into the boiler; but with a liltle practice; and by noticing the height of water in the guage glass, it will be possible to adjust the cock till just enough water is sent into the boiler and no more; the surplus going back into the tank. ‘ 2 - ae ye " CATECHISM OF THE STEAM ENGINE. T81 Suppose too much water were pumped inte the boiler what would happen? ~ The boiler would prime, that is—some water would pass over the steam into the cylinder, and interfere with the proper working of the engine. Is too much water the only cause of priming ? No—it may be caused by the water being very dirty, or mixed with grease, or salt water &c., and by the pressure of steam being low. In cases where you could not clean out the boiler, or obtain sufficient fresh water, how would you work? I would keep as high a pressure of steam as the safety valve would allow me to carry without blowing off, and I would run the engine a little under speed by partially closing the stop valve. Why must not the safety valve be allowed to blow off in such a case? Because that would cause a greater agitation of the water, and also rob the boiler of some of its steam, in both cases helping to cause the evil I wish to avoid. In case the pump refused to work, how would you proceed ? I would take the brass plug off the pump box, and examine the valves and clean them from any dirt which might have caused them to stick, and while the valve was out I would pour water down the suction pipe and make sure that it was not stopped up ; then replacing the valve and being careful to make an air tight joint with the plugs I should start the pump in the ordinary manner, in case the water had got out of sight in the giass aud steam escaped from the lower guage cock when it was opened, what must be done? The fire must be instantly taken out of the boiler to prevent injury to the firebox,—the engine may continue to be worked, and the pump kept going so long as there is steam enough; but the fire must in no case be relighted anti the water is restored to the proper height in the boiler. Is there mot a fusible piug in the top of the fire-box, which melts when the water gets below it? Yes—but while the melting of the plug prevents any damage as a consequence of low water, it causes considerable loss of time ‘oa 182 CATECHISM OF THE STEAM ENGINE. to replace it, and as it is a further evidence of neglect and mismanagement, it should never be allowed to occur. How is the lead plug replaced’? The man-lid must be taken off and a new plug put in from below, and the end rivetted over the fire-box top while a hammer head or other heavy piece of iron is held under the head. Should any of the bearings get hot while working, svhat should you do? I should first oil them, and if after this the heating continued I should stop the engine, cool the bearing with water, and loosen the adjusting screw,—and if this did not remedy the evil I should take out the brasses, clean out the oil passages and carefully remove any roughness with a smooth file or scraper. How do you know when a bearing is properly adjusted ? When it is so easy that it runs without heating, and so tight that it makes no knocking or thumping when passing the centre. What are the stuffing boxes of an engine, and what is their use ? They are those parts through which the piston rod, valve spindle, and pump plunger work, and their object is to prevent escape of steam or water from the interior of the parts into which they work. When such a leakage takes place how is it to be prevented ? First by screwing up the nuts of the glands a little tighter ; but when they will no longer screw the gland must be repacked. How do you repack glands or stuffing boxes ? I should take off the glands, remove all the old packing and replace it with some clean well greased spun yarn, ‘This yarn I should twist into a rope, as large as the space in the stuffing box would take, and I should force it into the stuffing box one cord at a time with a piece of hard wood or copper; when the box is full I should replace the gland and screw down the nuts as before. - After you have done using the engine for a time, how would you leave it ? i should take out the fire and clear the grate of all clinkers. I should remove all dust, dirt, and superfluous oil from the engine, and carefully rub it down all over; polish up the bright parts, and cover them thoroughly with oil or grease. I would also examine and adjust any bearing which might not have worked perfectly well, and repack any leaking gland, then leave everything in perfect order for working the next time it had to be used, _/_ ae LO tiiteg os ad he Ap Mh eaD FHL IW YALVM 40 Hida d AOVYUSAY SU YOHP — PPalf or Sere wosy PSU ‘MIOG DNIAVAD AO SNOISNAMIG ABBREVIATIONS OF THE PORT OF REGISTER FOR ALL FISHING VESSELS OF THE UNITED KINGDOM. ENGLAND. POTTPGEWVITIL, 0 nn eentis 2 RM ae densa . re Boston, Rin colnshire ¢ Bridgewater ree 0 Ss a ae ge EE Se OS eee 0 ee Carlisle SOePTVAIIVOT) . <0... supitaa'ey sd. Castletown, Isle of Man [0 6 0 Orne i 2 hea MIP ECT occ ceccseyesshieees Cowes, Isle of White ... Dartmouth...... ee nee 2 co cl ecusvees Dover of @eeerseeesreos veer rseee Falmouth ‘ MPEP STS HAI . 62.0 0seees MRIPETIVOOG ccc ccc con cce cess’ 0) Oe Fowey... Het coat hie’ ety Gainsborough MTOUICESTOL |. osc oe vec occees ces ig a vececssscsvesees TIS 2s) g nsec scceee se GUETNSEY 200... ... caesar oe PRE asses sc sev oc. ve: ATU atyeeevi oa senses oo GePeTG yt ty fe © Nei) 9 die, Baa ee { London | Lowestolt Bhi. PUM YE PMI OPSEl. ek reece ens MePe TY) WN OTIOIK i... scasas i Maldon, Essex .. re | Maryport | Middlesborough | Milford 44) | Newcastle, on Tyne Wei det. iwNewhaven, Susséx “)..., Newport, Monmouthshire Bae aed fe Big SINGS SSN, BABS dubia de ao Lad DOR ARENDS Mai taled a7 erable BSG et te aaa et yas want PEGESCY techs ethene UEN ane, | Lancaster 77 oe ko Pattic Ham plon ven cur Liverpool eee se eeeeeer es eeerer + 8b eer e eee seeues PRIOBEO tere ee eaey ss BPC TENCE) a os ce kee scien: Bay ipa CII ecto nce POOL IOTSEL... dene tel eee. esOPMeMOUCh A Tye ccraeees Preston j.... nee Late df Mati Rams: wate 2 EF Fe OEE Rochestér EP ctdee’ s Une ny ew BENAAT) COETIN Hc erie: cata ee PRC) NEB ORE alpiveersay tes PScarBoroug Wiaiavesscvees PASCUA EMt re, ame eeer acct. ABS) ot gaps ced ksh eee ee re Southampton...... NS inieida sanorthy “yiiste rs... SSE OOUt 45,2. eess SECA e helvrees s sek haat Sam@erands | cscs cate te SSWAHOOH uk vieverearaeees ah 58 “ we ix. epee ” RIE TS TRI a ag TY ann A ABBREVIATIONS OF THE PORT OF REGISTER. Toe Truro’. eS tye vetuinn ap WIGS icc cc ses skies tesceees Waemecdho ®@e8s0\, eos A ay ; Whitehaven "......+00.00+04 PENVASDOCH «|. ccrcchsesitbecosere , Woodbridge .......0....000 Warkington eles Yarmouth bieeeerivns ss0ce IRELAND. Balina Belfast Coleraine OU ia ohare ia tend 2 ae ale aeeeanyes toasts eet Dublin... Dundalk .. GeacraccEloteinet Galiveyal tote ee Lamerittk te 8 es. Hondorderry Lath Newross .. HE A sp PO Neways cart cae eutar ante ees Skibbereen |. 8. SEP ON be ee ee a emtee BB 4 ya BORD Nat car bh tats Wratettord Soiree Westport PPE Ry WiGktOrd cI) ccescc meatesbs Coeeer PPO reeses ees) Vy), Se aes [oe eee eng SCOTLAND. Abetdeen ...iéstcnastenee Alloa’ ........dscu eee aan Arbroath... Androssan Campbeltch Dumfries eh ekeeee Dundéé «2.5.35. UR eee Glasgow .....isvecnbae pee Grangemouth Granton .. Greenock ‘ Inverness. disscaeeeeeaneee Kirkealdy ,-.aviincisss 00 Kirkwall |.|....estesuuese Leith: ~,,.;: eit Lerwick (Shetland) setdes Montrose SO. eee Perth’), i eis -. Peterhead 2. iecves eeatien Port Glasgow ...ce.esseeee- Stornoway ':..7/ ee ace Stranraer Troom ., i:rrsctvel pee Wick... 0:3... fi¢aeee Wigtown) *:;;sssssceseeran soe FOO seer tes ves SMACKS REGISTERED AT THE PORT OF LOWESTOFT. Fishing When Owners No. Name. Tonnage. Capacity. Built. Name & Address. MILO PO weve.) s.).(20' |. Dr 1874 | R. F. Hinde, Lowestoft RIA OSATINIG-5~.°... 515 18 Dr 1857 | R.W.Manthorpe, do Ist... «ss ess |) 21 Dr 1864 | E. B. Capps, do 281| Invincible.........) 50 | Trawl | 1858 | H.W. Shepherd do TO7) Jona, ...... Peek the 38 | Trawl | 1875 | —Doughty, do Ly EO er Dr 1870 | R.D.Manthorpe, do mamacapella ......... Dr W. Barwood, do DEAUBIAINCS 3.455005... Dr L. White, do 503|} James 29 Dr Te7 0h be Bi Capps) do 179} James & Hannah 25 Dr 1862 | JKatchpoleKessingl'nd 219} James & Jane ...| 27 Dr 1866 | J. Butcher, Lowestoft 591| James & Martha | 38 Trawl | 1872 | J. M. Toby, do 608| Jane 49 | Trawl | 1872 | C. Crispen, do PMTIC 0205 ..... cones aS Dr 1860 | W. Hayward, do POMPATIC 10. cf .c snes. 24 Dr 1858 | R. Butcher, do 319| Janet & Mary ... Dry J. Cone, do 675| Jennie Dang the Dr W. Gray, do 261| John [Weaver| 22 Dr 1868 | J.B. Capps, do 497| John Allen ...... 23 Dr 1870 | J. A. Moore, do 555| John & Elizabeth] 29 I ie COG 1L | Cs ok Daa do 686| John Macey...... 55 | LTrawl | 1874 | J. S. Macey, do 484| John Fredrick ..| 51 | Trawl | 1877 | J. Conolly, do 228) John & William] 31 Dr 1866 | J. Taylor, do 26| John & Phoebe . Dr W. Spurgeon, do Pomoseph ...... hy, Dr Tah 3p) Goslarper, do 475 Joseph&Sarah .. 26 Dr 1843. |. 1. Aldred; do ILA 2, sve vee scree. 15 Dr 1855 | G.Hunter, Pakefield 690| King Fisher...... 48 | Trawl. T. W. Bennett, 122) Lady of the Lake Dr 1871 | G.Manning, Lowestoft MeeeaAnlOo ..,!......;. Dr W. Liffen, do 691) Lahloo .| 59 | Trawl | 1868 | R. Saunders, do 363| Lance 55 | Trawl | 1870 | W.H. Painter, do 98| Lapis Lazlui 29 Dr 1356 | J. Balls, Yarmouth 155} Laurel vk Ba 6 Dr _ | 1861 | W. Forster, Lowestoft 444| Leading Star . | 46 | Trawl | 1874 | R. Roll, Lowestoft SeGO) os. .s....:...( 27 Dr 1875 | J. Barrett, Lowestoft 96; Lily of Devon ... 64 | Trawl | 1876 | W.H.Painter, do 224| Lily of the Valley} 37 Dr kK. Crisp, do op lb Vn Dr J.J. Colby, Pakefield Tpeiliae Scott...... Dr J. Mewse, Lowestoft 243) Lattle-Mary ...... 26 Dr 1867 | J. Wright, do 30 Dr 1867 | W. Poiter, do eeuisiiee Polly .:.... 27 Dr 1871 | 8. Jallop, do 522| Little Susan...... SMACKS REGISTERED AT THE PORT OF LOWESTOFT. Fishing Name. Tonnage. Capacity Livonia... ‘GR Dr. MAES A cated 60 | Trawl. Londesborough.. 47 | Trawl. Lowestoft . ey Dr. Luscen tae) se. Dr. Maiden Queen..| 26| Dr. Maid Marian 53 | Trawl. Margellanic Cloud] 25 Dr, MarytABnet..:t 48 | Trawl. Mary: Anni}. 58 | Trawl. Mary Eliza ..... | 20 Dz. Maryalart ie 59 | Trawl. Martinisg aigsie).s, 5 Dr. Matthay esr ast ieee Dz, Margaret ...[sea| 22 Dr. MarquisofAngle-| 23 Dir. Maud.. PA Bie Dr. Meum & Tuum . 24 Dr. Messenger ..,.... 16 Dr Nintie:t san one: 1g Dir Monitomiinsest.§.s. 24 Di Morning Light...| 29 Dr Morning Star ...| 21 Dr. Morning Star 2 | Trawl Myth ws... 33 Dr. Nancy. Heinch aa Dr. Neptune | 15 Dr. Newaids bees i20 Dr. New Moon ...... 34 Dr. Ri Orioles s).c Aa. 17 Dr. Norwich 15 Dr. Nonpariel?...42 7.28 Dr. Nori Creina ..,... 47 | Trawl Peet ts Mee ee tae Dr; Obsequenes ..... | 46 | Trawl Ocean Bride 26 Dr. Ocean Foam... . Dr. Ocean Gem ....., 26 Dr. Ocean Monarch..}| 52 | Trawl Ocean Queen 47 | Trawl Ocean Wave 23 Dr, Olive Branch 26 Dr. Olive Branch 43 | Trawl Olive Lente ys 50 | Trawl Orphan: Girls seo 51 | Trawl When Built. 1871 1876 1857 1870 1867 1867 1871 1841 1869 1861 1870 1856 1870 1867 1857 1874 1867 1857 1871 1862 1857 1858 1875 1871 1855 1856 1874 1857 1856 1871 1872 1856 1872 1870 1866 1873 1873 1867 1871 1867 1874 1874 Owners Name & Address. B. Butcher, Lowestoft W. R. Jones, do S. IT. Simmonds, do G. Blake, Kirtley W Chapman, Lowestoft F’. Peacock, Lowestoft W. Harvey, do W. Colby, Pakefield T. Harvey, Southwold T. Apter, Lowestoft W. Martin, Pakefield H.W.Shepherd do WT Jeckells, Lowestoft T LCatchpole, Kessing H. Catchpole, [land W. Harvey, Lowestoft T. W. Butcher, do W.Durrant Kess. [wick B. Kerridge, Walbers- T. Sayer, Lowestoft G.Utting, Kessingland k.B. Capps, Lowestoft N. Colby, Pakefield T. Crews, Lowestoft F. W. Rice, eae T. Runacres do E Chapman,Southwold © W Pearse, Kessingland G. Pitcher, Kirtley E. Ladd, Southtown R. Watson, Sonthwold R.B. Capps, Lowestoft T.W. Benner do E. Lincoln, Pakefield T.S.Macey, Lowestoft W. Porter do W. R. Jones, ‘T.Goldspink, Pakefield C. Curtis, Kessingland W. Stock, Lowestoft C. Curtis, Kessingland W. Forster, do F.. Pearse, Lowestoft W. Hindle, do W. H. Finch ee SMACKS REGISTERED AT THE PORT OF LOWESTOFT. 247 Pansy PCC eee reas es PeTECNS «.0.......'s. Perseverance Peerless Petrel Pree ee. LO) tS ae Prince Albert ... Princess Alice ... Princess Alxandria Prinee of Wales Prince of Wales Pride ofthe Shan- Proceed...... [non Progress Propell Protector Providence GOWwess oss Queen of the East Queenof England Queen oftheF leet eer eeere Pee ener eee eee ere eee eee, as Coe eos eee ree sen woe tos Seer eeees Recompence...... PeETOCIH .-/... | Reliance PenOwn........ .: Resolute eee tee 6s POs woe Roseabel Rose of Sharon.. Fishing When Dr, boy Trawil. Dr. Trawl. fF ig. Trawl. Dr. Ide: ore Dr. Tonnage. Capacity. Built. 1845 1863 1861 1871 1862 1876 1867 1872 1841 #1841 1867 1855 1862 1866 1867 1863 1870 1875 1861 1872 1843 1863 1875 1865 1873 1858 1872 1861 1862 1856 1871 1873 1857 1867 1870 1877 1566 1865 1860 1845 1868 | 1876 1872 Owners Name & Address. T Blowers, Kessingland W. Church, Beecles W BLoveridge, Lowes- J. Yallow, do| toft J. Crispin, do G. Bartlett,do[ onTyne E. Harrison, Gateshead W.R. Jones, Lowestoft B. Cross W. Grimble, Mutford W. Henn, Lowestoft G W Bird, Kessingland H Cook, CartonColville MrsEAGall, Lowestoft NrssvA Gallp do W. Rose, do W. Rose, do J. Lang, Kirtley H. Irish, Lowestoft G@ WieFlarty ido T.W.Gowing do G. Martin, Pakefield G.W. Hart, Lowestoft J. B. Crisp, do JOGEeDayy en" da J. Yallop, do STSimmonds do GMickleburgh Pakefild T. Wright, Lowestoft W. Porter, do J. Lang, Kirtley R. Lewis, Pakefield R.B.Capps, Lowestoft R.Saunders, Lowestoit R. Hall, Lowestoft S. Ward, do W. Hindle, do J. Craigie, Southwold G.H.Doughty, Lowes- 5 C Atterton, do/[toft J. Taylor, do C. W. Dance, do yb ODsaing do SMACKS REGISTERED AT THE PORT OF LOWESTOFT. Fishing Name Tonnage. Capacity. Revere (><) 5 BE Bthelbert),:..:.... 44 Clady. Ak. 5. 44 Ethel Clara ...... 44. Ethel Wolf ...... 46 Vaal 6b. goes: 37 Evangiline ...... 37 Peeamiple (7..f.4.: 18 IeXcelsior i...J,.!-<5 31 I Seelsior it... 34 excellent... 5 .)..c.24 BDEELIY. «£2... 2, ale 35 BER DION he «00> 4.45 50 Express 35 Faith 27 Faith 33 PaGOU) 2k. <0. ci Al Fancy 39 Fanny 27 Pashon disyc. sl. . as 44 Favourite ......... 41 Favourite ......... 18 AWA 00: «550 ow} 25 PGATOL 1,1.) os. 43 Fear nought...... 51 1 Ch ee ea 32 Bermeth:..1.,0).). actos etal e fs 3. art336 Fisherman ...... 30 Five Sisters ...... 28. Flash Py ents) Fleetwing ....+0006| 45 Fishing When Capacity Built. Dr 1877 Trawl | 1858 Trawl | 1858 Dr 1858 Dr 1866 Trawl | 1877 Trawl | 1857 Trawl | 1877 Trawl | 1876 Dr 1869 Dr 1866 Trawl | 1877 Trawl | 1867 Trawl | 1866 Trawl | 1856 Trawl | 1870 Trawl | 1871 Trawl | 1866 Trawl | 1856 Trawl | 1871 Dr 1856 Trawi | 1817 Trawl | 1863 Dr 1860 Trawl | 1867 Trawl Trawl | 1867 Dr 1840 Trawl | 1874 Trawl | 1872 Trawl | 1866 Dr 1836 Trawl | 1867 Trawl | 1868 Dr Dr 1838 Trawl | 1860 Trawl | 1870 Dr 1871 Trawl | 1875 Trawl | 1872 Dr 1852 Dr 1875 Trawl | 1876 Trawl | 1867 Owners Name & Address, W. Balls, Yarmouth A. Smith, do R. Melhnish, do H. Cowell, do W Hayward, Lowestoft W. Morgan, Yarmouth W. Lamb, do W.J. Miller, do E. J. Sutton, do J.HWest,Sherringham FJWSalmonYarmouth S. Henett, do T. Bowles, do G. R. King, Gorleston S. Smith, Yarmouth ~—Makepiece, do A. Morris, do J. Bracey, do S. Brown, do Ja Attey, do T Anderson, do TR Salmon, do —Haill, do W. Holmes, do T. Jenkerson, do —Boulton, J. Bridge, do W. Smith, do J. Hart, Gorleston FW Salmon, Yarmouth W. Cox & Co, do R. George, Southtown G. Denton, Yarmouth R. Bridge, do W. Thrower, do J. B. Page, Gorleston G. Allard, Southwark A. Morris, Gorlestoon W H Crome, Yarmouth F. Hewett, Gorleston D. Pointer, Yarmouth A. D. Stone, do C.W.Basey, Gorleston Cutter Coy. Yarmouth —Makepiece, do SMACKS REGISTERED AT THE PORT OF YARMOUTH. No. Name. — 720) MIAME). .21x- tats 365) Flirt: s..;;¢csser-s 589| Flora, .....00.0000+s- TOL FLOPENCE: Jace aise: 29| Florence Mary... 587| Flower of theDart 628|Flower of the Fleet 693|Florence Johanna 156| Flying Fish ...... 399| Flying Fish ...... 532| Flying Scud 77\| Foam.. 321 Forget-n me- 3-not . 255| Fortitude ...... . 599} Forward ......... BRS CRON ett st acre ea et 598} Foxhound..... ...] 4 547| Four Brothers .. sd ATT ANCIE Seeta cyan de> Ave AGalateg cies re ZEB AUNT Et os seetys 216| Gazelle . WOAd | rems ion r., 133} Gemof the Ocean 179|' General Peel? :. 11} George & Charles 505|George& Elizabeth 314| George & Emma 4471 George & Lizzie 202| George & Maria 688| George & Maria 715| George& Edward 625) George & William 1} Gipsy Queen 517| Gipsy Queen 400] Gipsy Queen PATNA CC. 5.0 ot eestect 425| Gladiater ......... WED UALOMNEL toes. ge ct ee 679) leaner... 646| Gleaner.. 406 Gloriana ......... 129| Golden Fleece .. 704| Gold Seeker.. 496! Good Hope ...... Fishing When Tonnage. Capacity. Built. 1877 1868 1874 1866 1868 .1868 1875 1877 1856 1866 1869 1867 1839 . | 1874 1862 1872 | 1857 1870 1865 1866 1875 1857 1865 1862 1859 1865 1869 1863 1857 1877 1862 1851 1871 1859 1864 1866 1854 1874 1870 1859 1866 1877 1871 1841 _ 1874 | Owners “Name & Address. Cutrer Coy. Yarmouth W. Thrower, do W.Durrant,Southtown R. George, Yarmouth J. W. Hart, Gorleston F.H. Thomson, do —Butcher, Yarmouth R. Brown, do R. Goose, _do M. Burwell, do W. H.Wills, Gorleston J. Thomson, do S. Seago, Yarmouth H. Fenner, ‘do | J. Wiseman, Gorleston WCatermole Yarmouth EK. A. Durrant, do S. Warner, Gorleston W.J.Yaxley, Yarmouth R.M.Hubbard, | do A. D. Stone, do J. Watson, do W. Stanley, do R. Purdy, do J.C. Welham, do C. Salmon, Gorleston R. Fisk, do G. A. Bennett, do T. Turrell, Yarmouth G.W. Giles, Yarmouth —Grivett, do. B. R. Johnson, do Lamb & Co. «do H. Hammond, «do T Humphrey Gorleston R. Warner, do J.M. Porter, Yarmouth J. Wright, Southtown —Nightingale, C. J. Dosset, Gorleston A. Bland, Yarmouth G. Wright, do W H Makepiece, do W. Wales, do H. West, Sherringham SMACKS REGISTERED AT THE PORT OF YARMOUTH. No. Name. 113 | Grand Turk...... ER RTACO nue rise ce0e 712.) Gratitude ........5 448 | Greyhound ....., 50| Great Paragon .. 633 | Guide.. SCAR 470 Guiding Star... OIG rannahiness cis. os. 284| Hannah Cole ... 679 | Harbinger......... 375 | Harriet Todd ... GW VA rr 1S > Chae 687 | Heartsease ...... Bee rAeNTICUlA ..,. .00;.0- SOtc| Fienrietta;.,..... +. BRE LETIEY, i000 12} Henry & Emma. 498 ee ior Edmund 1o4| Hermit . SON 8s (i BMP IIETOING,...... wos sae 266} Hero of Redan PML ODEs osseous «sms OTM Fol) PABBA ELOTOUIO, 0... .<0. +05 RAPMETAOINET onecncase see 401 |. Hosannah......... ROGUEELMOLCE .,. v.45. 0: 681 | Huntsman ...... 629| Huntsman ...... oreo? 0 0 8 TAAMBE INTL a 86 Forward Forester Frank Frederick & Alice Fred Moody .... Freemen : Freedom Friend Peri eer yk 4 MOPAGET L205 5.0.% P: Galatea Crarmina i226.) Ah. Meas anids ds; 2.03. Garibaldi *%.... Gem of the Bea... GeneralHavelock George & Emily George Moody... George Morfin .. George & Mary .. George & Maria. Geo. Washington George Trolly ... Gertrude Seradtator: (., 03... Gleaner Griladstone’.....//... Crioriatia = fic..e:.. Good Design Grace Darling ... Grand Charge ... POC e eer eeeras | Grimsby eh Sse ee Trawl. , 1866 Trawl. | 1870 | Trawl. | 1876 Trawl. | 1868 Trawl. | 1852 Trawl. | 1867 Trawl. | 1871 Trawl. | 1869 Trawl. | 1872 | Trawl. | 1873 | Cod 1872 Trawl. | 1860 Trawl. | 1877 Trawl. | 1868 | Trawl | 1878 Trawl. | 1875 Trawl. | 1877 Trawl. | 1861 Trawl. | 1871 Trawlt | 1872 Trawl. | 1877 Trawl. | 1874 Whelk | 1876 Trawl. | 1869 | Trawl. | 1858 Trawl]. | 1865 Trawl. | 1868 Trawl. | 1877 Cod 1874 belrawl? P1371 Cod 1877 | Trawl. | 1875 | Trawl. | 1877 Trawl, | 1876. Trawl. | 1867 Trawl. | 1868 Trawl. | 1868 Trawl | 1877 Trawl. | 1867 Trawl. | 1873 Trawl. | 1868 Trawl. | 1871 Whelk | 1824 Trawl. | 1877 Trawl. | 1875 Fishing Whea Tonnage. Capacity Built. Owners Name & Address, H.Smethurst, Grimsby J. Guzzwell, do J. Guzzwell, do J. Robinson, do T. Campbell, do J. Meadows, do R. Roberts, do H. P. Ready, do G. Jackson, do A. Brittain, do H.Smethurst,Junr, G. Fellows, do I’.J. Boardman, do do W.Moody, Cleethorpes Smith Brothers, do W. Ashford, Grimsby R. Shepherd, do jJ. Meadows, do G. Jetts, do E. dilton, do Jno. Trolly, do J. Penney, do T. Campbell, do J. Wenney, do Gajetis, do W. Carlton, do C. Roots, do Burton Stather F. Co; G. Dodd, Grimsby G. Chamberlain, do C. M.Mundahl, do H. Morris, do F. Andrew, do T. Stokes, do G. Merchant, do C.M.Mundahl, do J). Gadtey: do W. T. Beeson, do Jo Bi Powell ido W. Hood, do H.Smethurst,Junr. H. Smethurst, do T. Campbell, do W. Moody, do W. Steer, do do SMACKS REGISTERED AT THE PORT OF GRIMSBY. Fishing No. Name. Tonnage. Capacity. 336, Hamburgh 77 , Trawl, g2ahotlannah weir, Wiehs-h Law WET ep el arold igi 72:4 Draws E7sd tlarnngtony se, 1.1 72 | Trawl. 250qhianrietiiias: 58 | Trawl 1O3 Mblaniequincdsy..3:} 52) God r2iieHarryyy 63 | Trawl 644 | Hearty Welcome 76 | Trawl 5h Fawhiciaeet. ans 1g | Whelk 20| Henry Fenwick..| 57 | Trawl 192 | Henry Smethurst| 58 | Trawl 448 | Henry & Hannah} 74 | Trawl 653 | Henry Herbert...| 71 | Trawl 675 | Henry Freeman .| 74 | Trawl 245 | Henrietta ...... 64 | Trawl 649| Helen Kennedy | 93 | Trawl 581 | Hercules 45 Cod SOOM CLELDERt ukidehun bse 70 | Trawl aod) Heroing2i03/.4).u Gow Vhaaaal TO2 Me ELETO Waal haee 37 Cod 556-0 Himalaya si). 75 | Trawl 27 OWA ODE wae ceciaah 61 | Trawl 2644 Flopeltl e852. 2b 5G Cod 323) Hum benees 4 & t,o Neral 31 | Hydra 48 | Trawl Om Lignia wi therh eer 72 | Whelk TZ OWN OY CE eget <- 60 | Trawl 450 | Ida.. 44 | Trawl 2001 TOIMGS Wh eae bes ons Je 56 | Trawl 681 | James Thorpe ..| 74 | Trawl TOT ARE ab aepcen sees 2 | Whelk TPOOAMANG: 5. cameras 60 | Trawl 21| Jane Fenwick ...| 58 | Trawl AZO NAGRAAO wai doety aes 58 | Trawl 506 | Jessie Scivill......| 70 | Trawl 8| John and Ann ...| 56 | Trawl 610 | John Bunyan 58 | Trawl 920) Jonni tight ...0.. 7 | Trawl 197 [OHM Ee yn. tis 88 Cod 664 John & Hannah..! 77 | Trawl 535 | John & Maria ...| 69 | Trawl 363 | John Robert ...... 63 | Trawl 128| John Shapley ...| 50 | Trawl 575 JohnWintringham| 77 | Trawl 56| Joseph & Mary... 19 | Whelk When Built. 1867 1871 1873 1876 1869 1836 Owners Name & Address. H. Smethurst, Grimsby H. Smethurst, do J. Mumby, Cleethorpes T. Harrington, do H. P. Ready, do W. Oxley, do T. Ready, Grimsby J Waddingham,do J Guzzwell aie T. Ready, do H.Smethurst, do H. Smethurst, do | Mary Jenkins, do Alfred Doust, Grimsby G. Chamberlain, do W.McDonald, do H. Frymangeaeee J. Haylock, do G. Hughes, do J. Murrell, do H. Johnson, do J. O. Hawke, do G. Beacher, do H.Smethurst, do P. Norris, do J« Vere; do H. Mudd, do J. Godfrey, do S. Salisbury, do Jj. P. Robinson, do R. Sugget, Cleethorpes J. Meadows, Grimsby A. Cullum, do W. Fieldhouse, do J. Cousins, do W. Guzzwell, do G Rogers, do H.Smethurst,Junr. C.M. Mundahl,do J. Satchell, do J. Netherton, do H. Smethurst, do H. P. Ready, do H. Smethurst, do do T. Trofford do SMACKS REGISTERED AT THE PORT OF GRIMSBY. Fishing Name. Tonnage Capacity. Joseph & Sarah...; 69 | Trawl. J. Murrill 77 | Trawl. John Frederick...| 77 | Trawl. Joseph &William | 53 Trawl. Uepiee).::....2..| 68 | Trawl: Jumna . 73 | Trawl. Judith 76 | Trawl. pier ese...) 82} Trawl. Regtriaressesth:. es 45 | Trawl. Kate and Polly...; 62 | Trawl. Kingston .........; 65 | Trawl. 1 ee 62 | Trawl. PUPHIWake i. ..:... 72 | Trawili Lady Godiva ..... 72 | Trawl. Lady Plimsoll ...) 74 | Trawl. | Laurel ..es.| 14 | Whelk. Ledder ............| 49 | Trawl. Me auueret.2.:... 42 | Trawl. Leading Star 69 | Trawl. Leo ets Gs Trawl: Liberator .. 73 | Trawl. 1 (yb see 59 | Trawl. MEN RUE. cess. ode 74 | Trawl. Lily of Devon ...| 68 | Trawl. Lily ofthe Valleys) 76 | Trawl. Lincolnshire...... 66 | Trawl. Maete Nel. /..y.. 61 | Trawl. Little William ..| 78 | Trawl. Littie Samuel ...| 77 | Trawl. Lively 34 | Trawl. Lizzie ‘(| 74.| Trawl. Lodore 72, | Trawl. Meo Out .: 2. 69 | Trawl. Lord Brougham | 77 | Trawl. Lord Lyon 72 Cod Sts) heer 73\| Trawl. Motterye yk. ..e.| 750) Lrawl: boa Og 73 | Trawl. Rivonia. ...).....|' 68) “Trawl. Magna Charta .. 45 Cod ToeretOematyy I. 2. 75 | Trawl. Maid of Kent ...| 71 | Trawl. | Maid of Honor...) 55 | Trawl. Malcolm” 7/002... 23 | Whelk Mary sviieaie.i| 50% Cod When Built. 1874 1877 1877 1869 1872 1875 1877 1871 1877 1868 1866 1866 1877 O73 1877 1825 | 1856 | 1850 1875 | 1877 1876 1868 Tops 1874 1877 1873 1873 1877 1877 1868 1874. 1878 1877 1867 | 1876 _ 1876 1877 1876 | 2O7I | 1875 | 1873 1874 1867 P8063 1837 Owners Name & Address J. Murrill, Grimsby Mrs.Tunbridge, do L. Spachett, do W. Sheen, do T. W. Ready, do W. Beacock, do J. Ward, do W.S. Letten, do Elizabeth Page,do W. Lawrence, do W. Moody, do A. Donest, do By DeAverey/ tad W. Butt, do H. Brown, do J. Dennis, do T. M. Stooks, do W.Moody, Cleethorpes W, Thrower, Grimsby J. Netherton, do J. Thrower, do (x Jeffs, do H.Smethurst,Junr, do T. Higgins, do J. Cable, do A. Cook, do W. Cable, do W.G.Sharpe, do A. Forester, do W Osborne Cleethorpes J. Randell, Grimsby J. Cross, do J. Loughton, do C.M.Mundahl, do W.M.Sturgeon,do J.W. Haylock, Bedford J. O. Hawke, Grimsby W. Dawn, do J. Guzzwell, do J. Vere, do J. Guzzwell, do G. Atkin, do J. Merritt, do J. B. Bulpit#, do W. Moore, do SMACKS REGISTERED AT THE PORT OF GRIMSBY. Fishing When Name Tonnage. Capacity Built. Mary. uceteaseunuse 61 | Trawl. | 1866 Mary, Anna :..p. 21 | Whelk | 1853 Mary Annes ware 52 | Trawl. | 1867 Mary. Ann ea 14 | Whelk | 1847 Mary-Anne 3% g | Trawl. | 1877 Mary Campbell. .| 23 | Whelk | 1868 Mary Jane......... 55 | Lfrawl. | 1866 Mary and Jane...| 20 | Whelk | 1844 Marco Polo ..... 78 | Trawl. | 1877 Martin Luther...) 60 | Trawl. | 1866 Martitd (155 gence eet} 55) 2 Tals MLO te Nats yon) ease aie 45 Cod | 1860 Marshall ve iis. oe 71 | Trawl. | 1874 May Flower ...... 23 | Whelk | 1848 Medora .... 22 | Whelk | 1840 Melborne nixos... 68 | Trawl. | 1873 Merchant»......0:. 41 | Trawl. | 1861 Mermaid .........| 28 | Whelk | 1842 Merlin 72 | Trawl. | 1874 Messenger ...... 57 Cod | 1870 DLILO as eres 74 | Trawl. | 1874 Milo | 51 | Trawl. | 1865 Milton or ae Cod | 1836 Minotaur .........,| 72 | Trawl. | 1877 Moonlight......... 78 | Trawl. | 1876 Morning Star ...| 21 | Trawl. | 1853 Mosquito ......... 52 | Trawl. | 1860 WLOSS VOSS (teracne 28 | Whelk | 1871 Myrtle. ....icces-s} (4a Brawls 4 rsG7 Mystery... 71 | Trawl. | 1877 Nathan Chapman 69 | Trawl. | 1874 Neal Dow......... 66 | Trawl. | 1874 Neptune sien. se 71 | Trawl. | 1875 Nieried (veneers 38 | Trawl. | 1844 New Catherine...| 25 | Whelk | 1870 Northern Star ...| 81 | Trawl. | 1877 Nyanza 68 | Trawl. | 1873 AK aicicnts sates ere 71 | Trawl. | 1876 Oimaraw teed.) ons 77 | Trawl. | 1877 Olive dseatiis..* if 24 | Trawl. | 1865 Oliver Cromwell.| 66 | Trawl. | 1871 Only Songer... 2. 81 | Trawl. | 1878 Onward 68 | Trawl. | 1866 Orcadianinig say.i8 53 Coda yi1877 Orient geiey ect net 59 te Draws 1870 Owners Name & Address, H. Mudd, Grimsby J. Wenney, do J. W. Guill, do W.K. Skelton, Hull CM.Mundahl,Grimsby T. Campbell, do J. Curwood, do G. Sadler, do J. Newton, do John Dawn, do R. Martin, do W. Rea, do [ther T Marshall, Burton Sta- R.Suggett,Cleethorpes W. Moody, do W.H. Carlile, Grimsby R.Appleyard,Cleethps. Tl’. Campbell, Grimsby . J. O. Hawkeyaa io W. Moody, Cleethorpes W. Guzzwell, Grimsby G. Draper, do H. Munson, do H. Johnson, do [ther T Marshall, Burton Sta- J.Osborne, Cleethorpes W Woodman,Grimsby T. Campbell, do W. Moss, do F.. Riba do J. B. Bulpit, do H. Mudd, do G. Dean, do J.Gidley, Junr. do T. Campbell, do Burton Stather F. Coy. G. Alward, do S. Salisbury, do J. Guzzwell, do MrsChapman,Cleethps W.Lawrence, ci T.W.Thornam, do H. Smethurst, do T.C. Baxter, do J. Murrell, do SMACKS REGISTERED AT THE PORT OF GRIMSBY. No. 388 ae. 686 678 489 276 Le ye 233 138 93 483 690 667 Sas 179 125 287 148 178 278 227 300 565 208 a Miles 386 623 422 604. Fishing When Name. Tonnage. Capacity. Built. Orient Eeierap aoce Lrawl. 1, 1853 Orkney Lass... 67 | Trawl. | 1872 Osman Pasha ..| 80 | Trawl. | 1877 OOS 83 Cod 1877 Otter .| 61 | Trawl. | 1869 LOGS ee ae 69 | Trawl. | 1870 Palmerston ..... 77 | Trawl. | 1867 etote 4...) 39) Lrawl:’ | 1862 DEEN tati i>... | 7 Cod | 1845 Perseverance ...; 54.| Trawl. | 1866 Peeping Tom ...| 64 | Trawl. | 1874 Metter)... s--| 79 | Crawl... | 1877 01) li 79 | Cod 1877 Pilot .| 56) Trawl. | 1867 0) CG ees 62 | Trawl. | 1869 Piedee.........,-0-, 17 | Whelk | 1855 Meetere)..:.-..-.-.| 53 | Lrawl. | 1870 Prince Alfred... 58 | Trawl. | 1863 PeerERS) 2... << 58 | Trawl. | 1867 Protrude TE Aeneas 47 Cod 1870 Gy Ja 17 | Whelk | 1839 Queen of theF leet 67 | Trawl. | 1875 Biieetor...... geet 40 | Trawl. | 1859 Quiver ........ ..., 63 | Trawl. | 1868 BRP ss. ol 54.1, Ltawl. | 1872 Meneer 1....,...-.-. 64 | Trawl. | 1872 BIO OOCAL.. .occe5es5 53 | lrawl. | 1847 Red-wing ..... ...| 13 | Whelk | 1877 Se 49 Cod | 1877 eeGeeL.... 23... 41 | Trawl. | 1852 NG a ae 477 | Trawl. | 1867 Result Meek Cave LTawl.) L872 Rippling Water.. Reine Sun ...... 76 | Trawl. | 1877 Robert & George | 57 | Trawl. | 1867 Robin Hood ...... | poe rayl. | 1875 Rosa and Polly...; 75 | Trawl. | 1877 “SUS, le eer 61 | Trawl. | 1867 Rosetta .. ucueOOn), Lrawl. | 1877 Royal George Heh 40 Cod | 1837 Ruth . ...| 20 | Trawl. | 1859 Renown.........+.. 76 | Trawl. | 1877 mamanitan .)) 14... 21 | Trawl. | 1856 EGO crn, sees 50 | Trawl. | 1866 Samuel Plimsoll. Trawl. | 1876 72 Owners Name & Address. T Appleyard Cleethrpes W. Brown, Grimsby Jos. Smith, Grimsby CM. Mundahl ,Grimsby H. Haylock, Ely, Cam. HSmethurst,Sr,Grims- H. Smethurst, do[ by W. Moody, Cleethorpes H. W. Earle, Grimsby J. Gunhouse, do W. Butt, do BJ. Avety,St Leonards H.Smethurst, Grimsby H.Smethurst ‘June. do J. Haylock, do T. Campbell, do G. Fellows, do J. Guzzwell, do L. Spashett, do W. Porter, do W Marshall Rotherhithe W.H.Carlile, Grimsby E, Penny, do J. Brusey, do G. Jackson, Brigg,Lin. R. Roberts, Grimsby J. Gidley, Junr. do T. Winson, do Smith & Co. do W.Moody, Cleethorpes H.Smethusst, Grimsby Javere: do J. Woods, do R. Swaby, Cleethorpes A. Forester, Grimsby G. Lawson, do P. Norris, do iG baxter esdo JB. Bulpit, do BPeavicars, do W. Letten, do W. Brown do H. Smethurst, do R. Frayne, do SMACKS REGISTERED AT THE PORT OF GRIMSBY. Fishing When Owners No. Name. Tonnage. Capacity. Built. Name & Address. REAIASANCHO ons obese decth FL apd Dec Vike | 1871 , I. Bascombe, do 18| Sappho ...... .....| 60 | Trawl. | 1868 | J. Guzzwell, do 572| Satisfaction ...... 70 | Trawl. | 1857 | G. Beacher, Grimsby 107} sarah Jane \ «ass | 578| Scottish Chief ...| 77 | Trawl. | 1876 | J. B. Clarkson, do 693|-Sea Searcher...... 61 | Trawl. | 1878 | J. Ward, do 62] Secret 16 | Whelk | 1856 | G. Dodd, do 250! Secret 31 | Whelk | 1848 | T. Campbell, do 623) Seeret : wast. tps ene 72 | Trawl. | 1877 |G. Kennedy, do LOod pes ano yee ess 53 | Trawl. | 1865 | J. Meadows, do 206) Sea, Queen. .4...45 56 | Trawl. | 1865 | E. Robinson, do 279| Seven Sisters .... 64 | Trawl. | 1870 | W.Moody, Cleethorpes Od SAITILOCR cance 55 | Trawl. | 1867 | J.Gidley,Junr.Grimsby 394) Shannon .......... 65 | Trawl. | 1872 | T. Wilkin, do Lis | NOP TCR acess a 18 | Whelk | 1854 | M. Croft, do 615 tesilver, Cloud va: 27 | Whelk | 1877 | T. Campbell, do 216| Sir H. Havelock} 56 | Trawl. | 1856 | G. Jeffs, do 349| Sir Titus Salt ..| 78 | Cod | 1871 |]. Meadowsiiiie 269| Sir Wilfred .. 28 | Whelk | 1870 | T. Campbell, do 640 |SirWilfredLawson| 72 | Trawl. | 1877 | H. Smethurst, do 594| Six Hundred...... 71 | Trawl. | 1877 | R. Douglass, do BSA simelt tice 45 Cod 1872 |T. Campbell, do. LOS) ont pec tee eles 2°| Trawl. | 1861 | H. P. Ready, de 669| Snow Drop ...... 73 | Trawl. | 1877 | T. Higgins, do 692| Souvenir .| 77 | Trawl. | 1877 | 8. Green, do 212) Speculaton y.is:.. 63 | Trawl. | 1868 | W. O. Ross, do SOI Spltnres ete. ous « 36 Cod 1877 | T. Campbell, do OO} sna Vata noe reeaei 56 | Trawl. | 1870 | J. Guzzwell, do 458| Sprite ..| 73.| Trawl. | 1874 | J. W. Wilkin} doe 333| Spurn ..| 78 | Trawl. | 1868 | H. Smethurst, do Ast Bia oy RP ee ..| 33 | Trawl. | 1867 | J. Wenney, do G55 |sotandard).... ocx. 80 | Trawl. | 1877 | C. Roots, do 159| Star ...ef 59 | Llrawl. | 1870 | RK. Bridges: do QArstAlt «iggy .epee tees Cod | 1848 | H. Bunch, do WAR ETLE Leh fan a chads 68 | Trawl. | 1871 | D. Palmer, do 362) Success ............| 64°] Draw. | 1872) | PW eee do 528} Sultan 69 | Trawl. | 1875 | J. Gidley, do BRASH SAE iis 8) ena Re 56 | Trawl. | 1871 | T. Raddings, do 70 ue rie ere 51‘) Trawl, 1855 1 Weekagee do BT] CMISATINEIT ae, dn c' 27 | Whelk | 1865. | B. Holt, Fleetwood i2) Pluspiciolio.. 3... 73 | Trawl. | 1875 | G. Dean, Grimsby BAD WUT eee: 56 | Trawl. | 1856 |J. Leeman, do TAO WAY. wsatie cet cetin 56 | Trawl. | 1870 | J. Guzzwell, do 332] Swanwick.........; 83 | Trawl. | 1868 | H. Smethurst, do 120! Tallisman.........| 52} Trawl. | 1866 | H. T. Beésoniids SMACKS REGISTERED AT THE PORT OF GRIMSBY. Fishing When Owners No. Name. Tonnage. Capacity. Built. Name & Address. OG Noy ESS a 63 ; Trawl. | 1875 ; J. Cousins, Grimsby Pa07)lemperance ...... 25 | Whelk | 1863 | W. Marshall, do marie Vetiplar,....,.-... | 03 | Trawl. | 1873.) J. Mount, do Sra telecrapi ..../..... 60 Cod | 1871 | W. Moody,Cleethorpes Se2zelerror, .. ... | 61 | Trawl. | 1870 | J. Brown, Grimsby 641 The Two Friends' mor tawl, 1877 \| J. Plaistow, ) do POW LOMAS ....:.+-...| 45 Cod 1856 | W. Porter, do TE PAMOMMAS «000... 2. 0+. 62 .Cod 1852 | H. W. Brown, do 531 Thomas & Betsy. 26 | Whelk | 1875 | G. Dodd, do 680 | Thomas & Florry| 76 | Trawl. | 1877 | T. Browm, do 611 | Thos.-& Charlotte] 92 | Trawl. | 1877 | T. Bascombe, do 629 | Thomas Stratten.| 63 | Trawl. | 1877 | J. Alward, do 587 | Three Sisters..... 75 | Trawl. | 1877 | J. Fowler, do 20) (OW ae 66 | Trawl. | 1871 | J. Buston, do Preeriear:...,.... _,....| 20 | Whelk | 1877 |G. Robinson, do Gon 4. Chariton ...,.. p2cultawl, wiog74 i. Dean, do Bape LOpsy......... mts 63 | Trawl. | 1867 |J. Robinson, do Oeeetoralium, ....)...; 75.) Trawl. | 1877 |G. F. Price, do Seeorlado............. 69.) Trawl. | 1871 .| G. Jeffs, do Pee... ut...) OF | Trawl, | 2867 | J. Gidley, Senr,do 600 | 'rue Love .......| 72 | Trawl. | 1877 |S. Alward, do eeenoee. 4...) 7B drawl. |1871 | C. Alcock, do 288 ‘Tubal Raina 94 | .Cod 1870 | F. Rushworth 186 Two Sisters ..... | 56 | Trawl. | 1866 | J. Carlile, do 638 | Two Brothers .).) 18 | Whelk | 1877 | J. Marshalf, do mmeet-cOlor })....,..) 72 | lrawl..| 1876 | W. Oxley, do Bagysyplioon ........ 74 | Trawl. | 1876 | G. Jeffs, do 652 | The Black Watch] 77 | Trawl. | 1877 | C. M. Mundahl,do 646| Uhlan ...........| 89 | Trawl. | 1877 | H. Smethurst, do 6| Undaunted. ...... 48 | Trawl. | 1864 | W. apenas do 293 | Unity i Ode L fawl. 1870 W. Hodge do 679 Gnited ‘s. 87 | Trawl. | 1873 | R.McSheen, do aaaeeveliant ......../..) 65 | Trawl. | 1871 | H. Knott, do Goasvalorous ...,.,..) 75} Irawl. | 4871 4 J. Cousins, do 384 | Velocity........... | 63 | Trawl. | 1872 | J. Gidley, Senr,do toO; Venus ..........| 20 | Whelk | 1838 | 4. Hayes, Boston PUP iy GRCULA) 0. .63.. 49 | Trawl. | 1859 | C. Collins, Grimsby oe 6sa Crawl, | W872 Jd «Vere, do Semeover...... ....) 40, | lrawl. .| 1862 | (+. Dent, do Soqecner .)5....-.-| 52. |, Trawl., | 1877 4,W. Melish, do Cem tCwre t..,.2..2/) OF | Trawl. |, 1865 | J. Melish, do Bes ictOly,......--- -s|, 64 | Trawl..| 1876 | H. Twigman Acme Iearity |... ..3.. Fay i Tawl..wrerqo. | W...Dixon, do Pe eV iMG s.. a iess st 5O.) Lrawl...|.1869 |S. Alward, do RAOUL. senna ay 35. 55 Cod | 1851 | W. Moody, do SMACKS REGISTERED AT THE PORT OF GRIMSBY. Name. Virtue aR SFY YE aie be Rd Raia Le Vivandiere ...... Wolatile< te. WUlCAT 3% WV A [rte ees Wanderer .. Wanderer Warrior Water Lily ...... WV ATETIDG Mas Wave Queen Wellesley Whines White Rose ... White Star Wild Duck Wilberforce Willie oes Wealliam wicosss Will Dawn Willie & Ada William &George William Grange William Gibbs.. William Genney William & Mary. Winifred ess Witch of the Wave W. J. Skelton .. Yarra Yarra Young Albert .. Young Edward . Young Eliza...... Young Harry ... Young Walker ... Youne Hero's .: Young Mechanic. Young Robert ... «er cee maeoe ue _ Young George ... ZiCDOYT Guavasien: LiCLO hs a ee eee Winvyra ss Ao apees Zoe Classon ee ae so@res on CC Fishing When Trawl. | Trawl. Trawl. | Trawl. Trawl. Trawl. Cod ‘lrawl, Trawl. Cod Trawl. Cod Trawl. Whelk Cod Trawl. Whelk Trawl Trawl. Trawl. Trawl. Trawl. Trawl. -Trawil. Trawl. Trawl. Trawl. Whelk Cod Trawl. Trawl. Trawl. Trawl. Trawl. Trawl. Trawl. Cod Trawil. Trawl. Trawl. Trawl. Trawl. Trawl. Trawl. Cod Tonnage. Capacity. Built. 1874 1864 186 18476 187 aes 1834 1852 186_ 1877 1872 1868 1871 1848 1871 1873 1856 1864 1873 1877 1872 1876 1868 1876 1877 138747 1874 1869 1852 1873 1867. 186 1870 1877 1877 18770 1873 1867 1877 1877 1844 1876 1871 1875 1857 Owners Name & Address. _ Mrs. Anderson, Gsby. H. George, do J.Guzzwell, do W. Dunlin, do W. Moss, do W. Adie, Shetland G. Miller, Grimsby H. Green, do J. Meadows, do | J. Little, do W. Hodge, do C. M. Mundahl,do H. P. Ready, do W. Mitchell, Boston FE. Marks, Grimsby White Star Co. do G. Wheeler, do J. Mount, do J. Cousins, do T. L. Hobday, do W. Dawn, do R. Greenwood, do J. C. Banks, ~ do H. Knott do A. Watson, do J. Randall, do W.G. Sharpe, do T. Campbell, do ]. J. Hare do G. Jeffs, Junr. do J. Melish, do W. Cable, do T. Clark; do G. Johnson, do H. Bridges, do W .Moody, Cleethorpes J. Murrell, Grimsby J. Meadows, do A. Croft, Cleethorpes T. Clarke, Grimsby W. Moody,Cleethorpes G. Dean, Grimsby J. Guzzwell, do R. Bridges, do H. Smethurst do LIST OF SMACKS REGISTERED AT THE PORT OF HULL. Fishing When Owners No, Name. Tonnage. Capacity. Built. Name & Address. 535| Abeona . ..........) 60, Trawl. ; 1869 | T. Sparks, Hull OOO) bu. cep cecceses| 55 do 1870 | W. White, do 501| Accomplish ...... 57 do 1869 | T. Blackmore, do Peeenchilles <.:......1..| 73 do 1877 | R. Hellyer, do Bere COT | i... .2.5. 6. 74. do Tene Worlcice, do PA OUPALCLIVO 650: 68 |. do 1870 | J. J. Hobbs, do Oe ne eee Bey £0 do 1876 | J. Dinsdale, a0 Geeyendelaide ~.........|62 do 1870 | J. Edwards, do ReMMMAdeline 4.5.+......) 54 do 1869 | J. Walker, do BogypAdtmiral............ 55 do 1869 | J. Jensen, do 798| Adventure........ | 70 do 1873 | H. Maddick, do BEWMAENES uss. )s.0... 55 do 1867 | M. Peaker, do Boome bert. .....5.-...,) 71 do 1876 | C. Meritt, do Qeaveriibert, Victor )...) 71 do 1875 |H. Blanchard, do 1118| Alderman Ferrils clo teri G. Pickering, ') oda EA ICTE ce spiies sees (..| 78 do 1877 | Wa J. Rollins, do Peexiethia fi... /5..| 50 cdo 1871 | R. Graham, do fiz Alexandra.....:... 50; do. | 1866 | E. Lill, do GAS) Amy: ...:-.-- | 69 do raves He Groot; do 1092! Andrew Marvel .. 72 do 1877 |C. Pickering, do Pome len sue. Yi... 43 do 1860 | W.H.Rowbottom,do I Coleg 1 gt ee 80 do 1877 | A. W. Ansell, do 44| Ann May ......... 59 do 1866 | H. Cook, do 615} Ann Sins ......... G2 dol) 1Sf0 Hs Ce Cousins, "do FAL Antagonist. ......) 41 do 1860 | J. Nichols, Grimsby 1136 AnthonyBannister 76 do 1877 |J. Walton, Hull Ree IC, cioes Vaile) eos.) 72 do 1876 | R. Hewitt, do O17 Arthur ......... ho do 1874 |T. White, do PUR ALSEF Cea) = '). 28... eae. don 1sG008| |. ELolmes,: do 933| Atalanta ......... 78 do 1875 | A. W. Ansell, do Presume. ....:-7-.|,84 } do 18/7 |J. Needler, do 665| Bates Family ...| 63 | do ERAD bP. Bates, / ido S4strben Boltt:):..... 77 do 1873 | J. Sims, do 538| Ben & Maria ..| 52 do 1867 | B. Cottrell, do Tose WHEMMICON. ss-..,..1 60 | do Eae/shC, Hellyery cdo SMACKS REGISTERED AT THE PORT OF HULL. | City of Antwerp Name. Bethlehem Star.. Betsy & Sarah... Beautiful Star .. Blessing ee ed eeeses Blue facet DONATE Ls ss. Boyne Pyriil SS Brilliant Britannia British Empire .. Bahsh Paros... Burton Constable Burton Stather.. Caledonia... s Cambria Cavalier Geresneii ages : Challenge ececee*?® eoecene tee Wharityieris< ae Charles Isaac ... Charles Wesley.. (Cheri ch wae a Choice Flower.. Clara... lio Coerceo Competition Come on Concord Confidence Conflict Constellation Contrast Conquest cen 22 880} Corn Flower. 43a) COuUrte iets adie Criterion Critic Cruiser Crusader Cyclopes coe tte eee pet t ee eee 69 Fishing When do Tee do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do | Tonnage. Capacity Built. Trawl. 1872 1867 1861 1876 _ 1876 i 1864 1870 1877 1877 1874 1871 1877 1860 1566 1866 1876 18fg 1873 1877 1866 1872 1867 1872 1877 1869 1877 1877 1869 1865 1873 1873 1877 1870 1877 1873 1867 1872 | 1867 | 1877 1863 | 1867 1877 1870 1876 1877 Owners Name & Address. M. Lawson, D. Foyston, Hull do W BFetherbridge,do T. Hamling, J. A. Cook, CO. Barr, G. Hall, j.uPike, S. L. Haldane; jay E. Edwards, J. Sims, do G. Jeffs, Grimsby G. Simpson, Ffull T. Shawler, do A. W. Ansell, do T. Ramster, do A. W. Ansell, do J. Holmes, do J. Evens, do A. W. Ansell, do F, Crawford, do E. Lill, do W.H. Porrit, do E. R. Cobley, do J. Hame, do J. Haldane, E. Edwards, do H. Philpotts, do J. Hélmes; ide J. Potter; do J. Layman, do G. Coole do C. Merritt, do J. Litten, do J. Holmes, do E. McCabe, do W. Little, do W. White, do J. Baker, do C. A. Neilsen, do J. Wood, do J. Evans, do A. W. Ansell, do C. W. Ansell, do SMACKS REGISTERED AT THE PORT OF HULL. eee eee. gy OOe Day Spring ...... Dayrotar s/:., Derby Devon Dew Drop Dick Wittington Diogenes Doni .<: Doncaster RY, Se a a PROVE) Seteelhes eo Myewenegly {).... Dr. Livinstone... eee ees een eee ras Echo Economy Oe ee eaoorereeee Edward & Sophia >: ee age Elizabeth ......... Elizabeth Martin Elizabeth Parr... Elydia ... Emerald Perey: .. England's Glory. Englishman pasa eoeses eee vee 1 og a a Peerele eu si ee. manerealit (oi... «2. oie) Evangelist Excelsior Excelsior Exonian erenae aeseeser eoe ees ees eee eee rae Fanny seeeee sees QI 64 Fishing When do do do do do do do do do Tonnage. Capacity Built. Trawl. 1861 1877 1876 1876 1873 1875 1877 1871 1877 1862 1874 1876 1824 1873 1874 1868 1873 1858 1865 1869 1859 1867 1870 1875 1876 1869 1877 1877 1876 1874 1875 1869 1877 1865 1877 1876 1876 1874 1857 1872 1875 1872 1866 1867 1866 Owners Name & Address, W. Ellerton, Hull J. Evans, do W. J. Robins, do W.J. Robins, do {yhevigan. do W.R. Layman, Hull J. Dugdall, do W. Brinham, do C. W. B. Ansell, do S. Nowell, do Ge cA Drakess | do J. Leyman, do T. Barclay, do W. Carlisle, do W. Lloyds, do R. Blanchard, do J. Marr, do E. R. Cobley, do 5S. Newbury, do H. Potter, do P, E. Murray, . do T. Jackson, do C. West, do T. Hamline, do G. Rowntree, do R. Graham, do T. Cook, do H. Walker, do T. J. Boyd, do J. Batte, do G. George, do T. Doyle, do Go J Aw Drakes? do R. Cooper, do R, Loram, do J. Potter, do C. Hellyer, do R. Rowbottom, do W. Mortimer, do J. Collier, do E. Williams, do J. White, do J eprops, do J. Board, do G. Antcliffe, do SMACKS REGISTERED AT THE PORT OF HULL. Fishing Name. Tonnage. Capacity. Pear not! os. 2.04. [79 7 Drawlt Pidelityaiwise. a, 51 do Prey Cressi... 58 do Fling Oeh terse. OF do Plorence tit e.e, 70 do FloweroftheForest| 72 do Forget me not ...| 71 do Foundling......... 70 do Foxhound | iu at do Francis Scott ...| 39 do Freedom mci ye7. 63 do Friends’ Good-will} 65 do Friendship’)',., ... 70 do Frolic 72 do Galatearitirst.i 93 do Gainsboro’ Lass.) 49 do Garibaldi, .........| 45 do RTEOLE tea arses Vos ee do George Avery ...| 71 do George Peabody.| 72 do General Havelock} 48 do Gertrnde hee: 68 do Glance neu. 75 do Gleaner 68 do Glenora /i2:,24.6t ) 98 do Godil@iines arias pe do Grace & Louisa .| 82 do Gratitude @.0...i2.| G4 do Graphitsit.. 7h we 73 do Gregory acy vines do Greyhound ...... 67 do Hamilton ...... ..| 70 do PLATE A replys 65 do Harkaway.........| 61 do Farmoiy Week ose 66 do FTALTICD i200) 5) ost tae do Harry Blatt. 24, 69 do Hebe eee in ects) OG do Heralderian ut: 78 do Herculus 52 do Heroine 56 do Hiberniaings..42) 84 do «H. M. Stanley .. | 72 do Home. Bayete. 16. 73 do Humberoaam veel 77 do When Built. 1877 1858 1868 1873 1873 1875 1876 1872 1875 1875 1865 1871 1877 1874 19977 1860 1864 1858 1871 1871 1858 1871 1875 1871 1877 1872 1877 1872 1873 1870 1871 1876 1871 1864 1864 1871 1872 1877 18977 1862 1869 1877 1876 1877 1876 Owners Name & Address. G. W. Hellyenaiial) W. I. Brusy, Grimsby J. E. Bulley, Hall G. Avery, do E. Edwards, do | #blattie: do P. Bates, do R. Loram, do J. A. Cook, >) de G. Anderson, do J. Maunder, do J. Stephenson,do G. Brien, do J. Wood, do R. I’. Vivian, do D. Murray, do T. Appleton, do G. Anderson, do J. Dugdall, do G. Hallet, do J. Cartwright do W. Carr, do J. Dugdall, do H. Maddick, do J.H.&M.Knowles, Hull W. Lloyd, J. Evans, J. Martimer, E. Williams, A. Mudge, J. Harding, J. Potter, R. Sharpe, J. Evens, Needler&Collier, N. Sibbens, J. Sims, J. Holmes, T. White, J. Macey, G. Jordan, A. W. Ansell, O. Pickering, H. Toozes, A. W, Ansell, do do do SMACKS REGISTERED AT THE PORT OF HULL. Fishing When Owners No. Name. Tonnage. Capacity. Built. Name & Address. aaa Hydras:.....; beak ek 49 , Trawl.| 1857 | J. Brusey, Grimsby poe) idoneus,.......:...| 71 do 1874 |W. R, Leyman, Hull 2 OVE ah ot. ne ey 8 do 1875 | W. White, do Gee nde Hoi. ...0.| GI do 1870 | J. Clathworthy, do Vga industry (/.:.......| 70 do 1872 |S. J. Blaydon, do POOS ys nhexible......... 73 do 1876 | R. Roach, do TOME LIUN Go fetd ss... 00) 57 do 1869 | J. W. Webb, do 70) 0G) 2 a i do 1873 | R. Loram, do ee US dle... s| 74. do 1877 | C. Rice, do 869 Ivy... 66 do 1874 | C. Rice, do 1022 | Jas. Collins Hood Va do 1876 | W. Brinham, do go | James & Louisa.) 51 do 1866 | J. Andrews, do 1068 | James & Maria...) 71 do 18747 | J. Potter, do 799 | James & Sarah...| 69 do 1873 | J, Redfern, do 884 | James Walker ...| 71 do 1874 |J. Potter, do MO Jane .:. 6o do 1865 | J. Stoxes, do 52| Jane & Elizabeth 51 do 1857 | W. Revell, do SETAE PEI. Ji. .....+-.| 02 do 1870 | J. Col ier, do Pea eremsia::..2.....4.. | 63 do 1871 | J. Heritage, do Ge eSSiews:..........| 68 do 1870 | R. Rowbottom, do 1071 | John Harker...... 73 do 1877 | lh. Staines, do 10g9| John Holmes ...| 81 do 1877 | J. Homes, do 80 | John Rodgers ..| 51 do 1866 | J. Head, do 57 | John Scivil ..... 54 do 1866 | J. Bird, do 1110 | John Sims......... 76 do 1877 | J. J. Hobbs, do 890 | Joseph & Rep 69 do 1874 | H. Reby, do Sue JUNO ...:...¢ 75 do 1874 | J. Holmes, do See upiter, ..4)....25. |. 7 do 1873 | J. Holmes, do 596 | Kangeroo......... 56 do 1566 | H. Jones, Lowestoft eGStralis) is... 4. 58 do 1876 | W. Eagle, Hull Gzapisingsiey ......... 74 do 19757 )C. HHellver../edo 571 | Lady Elizabeth..| 60 | do 1869 | S. Glansford, do 758 | Lady Talbot...... 69 do 1872 | J. Macey, do mae) isaurel .::... ee. 52 do 1859 | J. Smith, do RGM Mealitinass i..a01...(679 do 1877 | J. Potter, do Gee eedderis..n2....)64.|, do | 1872 | T. J. Boyd, . do hero ueander:; \\i...0...| 70 do | 1877 | W. & 8. McCan, Hull Oa ee do 1867 | H. Burton, do cig leopard. ...... .. 43 do | 1860 | R. Hall, do 768 | Liberal . A Oy | do 1872 | W. & S. McCan, do go2 Liberator ......... 70 do 1874 |W. & S. McCan, do 40 | Liberty \.......:...1 69 do 1873 |W. & S. McCan, do a a eee! do Laie Pike, do go4 | Lily 71 do 1871 UR. S. Vivian, do 1073 fe othe Vallcy 82 do 1877 'P. Bates, do SMACKS REGISTERED AT THE PORT OF HULL. No. 661 83 055 872 TI4 1037 858 1107 784 759 723 795 234 gi Fishing Name. Tonnage Capacity. LincolnshireLass| 69 | Trawl. MOD Aye, .| 46 do Lavel ya cate. Gr | do LizzieFéitne.2:.:! Vo} (.do Tuigzie Gate) 22, 58 do Lochnéss'ti..234.| 78 do LordChief]ustice 72 do Lord Nelson...... | 85 do Lottie Burton ...| 68 do Louise of Lorne. 68 do TOvAlAnVars, tute 64 do Magict it tos) | 76 do Majestic .. | 49 | do Marco.Polos3,2.3 56 do Maritana i...) 53 do Marksman ...... 63 do Marquis of Lorne} 69 do IMATE VERT I eet 72 do Martha 62 do Mary ‘Grace .7..) 60 do Masterpeace...... 53 do Maud . seek] 1s do May Flower. shld 7 do Mercury Kolb 3 do Messenger 0. 64 do Milo ... 51 do Manerva’ 45.0.4. 72 do Minnieeoa 82 do Misehiet 5.3070: 54. do Mizpahiace ihe. | 68 do Monareh *}) 1... 43 do Monmouth ...... 45 do MottoxtvAie oi 26% do Miysteryiitle4, vy do Nautilus 70 do Ne ptutiey 1h ot. 76 do Meroe... 56 do Neva ete hikes LB do Nimrod ei ..522.+; 78 do Nonpariel... .....| 56 do Norfolk Hero ...| 71 do Northern Belle...| 59 do Northumberland | 29'| do North! Seater wD, do Ny mpheiiia, feteanl' 52 do When Built. 1870 1361 1870 1874 1867 1876 1874 1877 1872 1872 1871 1872 1863 1868 1859 1866 1871 1874 1867 1870 1866 1871 1876 1874 1868 1865 1873 1877 1866 1872 1870 1862 1870 1876 1877 1875 1868 1856 1877 1866 1874 1867 1857 1875 1858 Owners Name & Address T. J. Boyd, Hull J. Craig, do W.& Ss. McCan, do J. Collier, do H. Burton, do J. Dinsdale, do J. Wood, do J. Batte, do H. Burton, do H.C. Cousinsia ) do W. & S. McCan, do J. Wood, do S. Birch, do W. More, do J. L.. Potter; do S. Jordan, do H.C. Cousins, do J. Holmes, do J. Redfern, do E. Elliott, do D. Garnett, do M. Peaker, do J. Hame, do J. Holmes, do W. Edwards, do W. C. Jefis, do J. Hame, do H. Toozes, do W. Kennington, do W. Watson, do J. H. Jenkinson, do J. Heritage, do R. Roach, do J. J.blobbs do W. Cox, do J. Holmes, do G. Winsor, do J. Binds do J..W. Hellyer, ) a6 H. D. Pauling, do J. W. Webb, do J. Aha do S. Knages, ‘lo J. Rutter, do sh Chetsiname do SMACKS REGISTERED AT THE PORT OF HULL. eee ren rer SHR 888) Ocean Queen Olive Branch Only Daughter . Only Son Onward.. ; Me oray to...’ Owner’s Bree. fe Oxford Eight Pallas Paragon Patriote.)... COR e es As ov Pearl Percy Walter ... Perl aie ppeetincé i Peter Varkevisser Pilgrim Pike's... Pioneer Pollux Precursor Premier... : President ...... Primrose Prince Arthur ... Prince Charley... Progress ee ee Rebuke. Bidet ou ede Prosperous .. Providence ...... Prudence Ann... Queen of the East Queenof the Fleet Qui Vive Rachel Ann PeEOUNV OS), thie Cs an ae Raynor . : Release ............ Reliance Renown FRESGUO ire Sin 5 eee r sero er oes eee eoeoreeeensreas CC eeeres testers eee race OO8 wor Ooeoee 69 | Trawl 76 do (4 do 76 do 56 do Wid do 58 do 66 do 70 do do 7o do 68 do 70 do 73 do 65 do 54 do 56 do 69 | do 71 do 71 do 61 do 79 do 56 do 76 do ie) do 67 do 43 | do tp. do aa: | 2 do SI do 76 do 71 do 68 do 58 do 56 do 57 do 70 do 75 do 68 do 70 do 69 do 56 do 70 do 66 do Bret. .do Fishing When Tonnage. Capacity Built. 1875 1876 1876 1877 1866 1874 1866 1867 1870 1876 1874. tae 1875 1876 1873 1859 1866 1875 1876 1875 1870 1876 1866 1877 1874 | 1872 | 1853 1872 | 1870 1877 1874 1877 1871 1869 1863 1868 1876 1875 1876 1876 1874. 1866 1872 1876 1863 Owners Name & Address. G. Cariton, ].H.&M.Knowles W. R. Leyman, J. Sims, T. Woed, J. Gilhatt, R. Blanchard, W. Revell, ee Furné J. Holrnes, T. Hamling, EK. Edwards, do do do do J. O. Hawks, Grimsby J. R. Rowse, Hull He Blanchard) “do J. R. Rowse, do W. Edwards, do T. May, do [pp Edwards, do Ca Rice: do Ai Evans, do W. Brown, do Fis EbaAne. do J. W. Fellows, do T. Doyle, do Jpolmutter; do J. Robinson, do C. W. Ansell, do H. Toozes, do J. Wood, do J. Dugdall, do Tot otien do J. Wood, do P. Bates, do J. Creasy, do i Gaok, do Li Ham* do J. Marr, do J. Gilliatt, do W. Haycock, do H.C. Cousins: do H. G. Jones, do J. Evans, do Jj. Stephenson, do W.H. Palmer, do SMACKS REGISTERED AT THE PORT VOPSEUEEr. Fishing Name. Tonnage. Capacity. Resolute (ian. 46 | Trawl. hieynard Filed US do Itbod a’ iM 53 do Rippling Wave... 67 do Ripple ot OF do Rising Sun ...... 53 do River Queen 56 do INOMIEHT eye wees 75 do ROSE ry etn ee 74 do RUDY vere te ie 79 do Rover A738 do Rowland? 2400.) 75 do Royal Alfred ...| 63 do Rye yen wae. 69} do Sarahibroadi:) 222. 54 do paturm iii. ps do Naucy facks <7. 55 do DCODETE (hoeteanees 74 do Searcher 70 do Seraph ...... 61 do Shamrockads,. 2. 72 do ShortiSlip aye ae do Shiloh 579 do Signal wetted, Ve do Silver Spray ...... 15 do Sirk rancisCrossly| 64 do Sir G. Wolsely...| 77 do Sir R. Tichborne; 71 do Sir Titus Salt ...| 70 do Sir W. Lawson ..| 76 do Sirius.. beast ie do Smilax . OAL a AG do Smiling Morn ...| 69 do SnaAppene sth sian. 61 do SHOWALOp Wii yas: 54. do. GIG 5 ean Oe Gg do Sovereigui:ts 20 38 do Sparkling Sea ...| 74 do Speed weuk 27.24! 56 do Speratnswek ain 7 { do Splendid 46 do Sportsman y.:).. 63 do Spring ... 75 do Stag ... E 65 do Staghound mS a. 7¢ do When Built. 1861 1877 i858 1875 1869 1866 1866 1877 1877 1876 1875 1877 1871 1871 1866 1874. 1867 1877 1873 1869 1872 1876 1875 1874 1875 1873 1877 1872 1873 1875 1877 1875 1873 1867 1864 1870 1851 1876 1866 1876 1860 1872 1876 1871 1876 Owners Name & Address. J. Potter, Hull J. Batte, do J. Homan, do T. Blackmore, do C. E. Dukes, do J. Oliver, do J. A. Hill, do J. Harding, do J. Loram, do Ht. Maddick, do A. W. Ansell, do li C. Cousins, do A. W. Ansell, do C. Rice? do C. West, do J. Holmes, do J. L. Potter, do E. Edwards, do H.C. Cousins, do E. R. Cobley, We J. A. Hill, do G. J. A. Drake, do W.J. Robins, do T. J. Boyd, do H.C. Cousins, do EK. Woodger, do C. Pickering, do J. Wood, do G. Hallatt, do W..L. Robins;) > de G. J. A. Draken > de S. B. Nowell, do W. Carlisle, do R. Blanchard, do H. Cook, do N. Pw.jefis, do J.. Dye do J. Harding, do W. Casson, do E.. R. Cobley, do T. Wood, do J. Evans, do J. Needler, do J. Harding, do J. A. Cook, do SMACKS REGISTERED AT THE PORT OF HULL. No. 999 781 713 786 1045 752 632 TIO 812 787 IOI! Fishing Name. Tonnage. Capacity. Standard ......... 77 | Trawl. | Star of Peace ...| 65 do Strabo 73 do Bivens... ..0:..| 68 do Slimmer | o...0i.- 64 do Sunbeam ... 65 do Smee AT....é/..2) OF do SUDENIOL. (ois. cst. 62 do SUPE 2s... --0k., 69 do SHEISS. ise s's,: 69 do PGE ses te ste) 78 do Swallow ......... 64 do OS SERRE BN Ds 2 do Sword Fish ...... 70 do ES) 904 Eo oe 60 do Mele eTattl yi5....., 39 do Tempin Fugit ... do PR GROYS 0.4, 5, 76 do Thomas Stratten| 76 do Thornback 71 do Three Crowns ., | 75 do BIC E becb.cwess., 57 do Toiler aa D8 do Tom Bowline ..,./ 70 do atalgar ......... 67 do Smaty. Boy)... ... 69 do Truelove iacys do mere wOtee4t2/<3i;..| 73 do Two Brothers ...| 48 do wo Sisters ...... 56 do Tyro 38 do Unity | 56 do (Oo. Eee (2 do Uranus 75 do Vanguard .. 74. do Re G Aioee eso. ss0s. 77 do “OES eae 74 do Via.. 68 do Victor Ge jue dO Vine .| 69 do Deters se clss) «es 67 do Volunteer ...... wet AZ do Walter Drew ...| 69 do BVALINGL Teint osc: | 52 do WViste NOt. i. 75 do When Built. 1876 1872 1871 1872 1876 1870 1870 1868 | DOs 1872 1876 1862 1874 1874 1865 1859 1877 1877 1876 1874 1877 1868 1876 1873 1877 1872 1867 1875 1865 1867 1858 1865 1869 1874 1877 1874 1876 1870 1876 1876 1873 \ 1861 1871 1856 1877 Owners Name & Address. E. Zachariasen, Hull J. R. Rowse, do J. Beesham, do C. Hellyer, do da Needler; do B. Cottral, do O. Brand, do H. Burton, do W. Haycock, do J. Potter, do T. Ramster. do R. Blanchard, do J. Potter, do E.. Hames do G. Ralph, do E. Wales, do E. Hawes, do R. T. Vivian, do H. “oozes, do S. L. Haldane, do J. Harding, do J. Loram, do E. Williams, do [2A Drake do | J. Batte, do ame, do S. Foote, do 5. LL. Haldane, . do W. Brown, do T. Blackmore, do G. Winsor, do S. Foote, do W. Odell, do J. Holmes, do C. Hellyer, do J. Holmes, do J. Holmes, do J. R. Rowse, do J. W. Fellows, do J. Calvert, do C. Rise, do LH, Lear, do W. Sparks, do H. Shelly, do E. Williams, do SMACKS REGISTERED AT THE PORT OF HULL. Name. Water Witch Why Notice suk Wilberforce William.. William Matin : William& Martha Wilham & vaphe Wiliam Wray . Wittwieoeant Winona a Wanteri shen, ik. Yorkshire Lass... Young Emma , Young Grege .. Young Harry .. Y ounp) Recér...6%, Zedora Zenith wisehe. Jt. Zero eee 4 eee eee Fishing When Tonnage. Capacity. Trawl. do. do. do. do. do. do. Dr. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. Built. 1866 1875 1877 1877 1877 me fer 1867 1870 1866 1873 1877 1875 1871 1876 1868 1877 1874 1874 1876 1872 1875 1868 Owners Name & Address. H. Burton, Hull G. Avery, do C. Pickering do J. Potter, do G. Rowntree do P. Bates do W. Crawford do J.. At Hill do A. W. Ansell do J. L. Pottesmaae J. Needler do j.. Potter do H. Blanchard do T. Cook do G. Mc.Cabe do J. Board do G. Winsor do H. Toozes do P. Bates do J. Dinsdale do Ci F.. Tully aida W. H. F. Howard do ‘LIST OF SMACKS REGISTERED AT THE PORT OF SCARB Name Tonnage. Capacity Built. PROB OIAL es itd.3s8 Gri brawls: 1877, Premulesin...8..+4| 54>). lrawl. | 1856 EIB, civ oye. 3 x0. 8x1 | Trawl. | 1876 Admiral.. 55|| Trawl. | 1869 Admiral Hope .. 40 Dr. 1859 Admiral Mitford . 42 Dr. 1862 TE a tee De 44 Dr. 1867 oe ars 38 Dx. 1857 Amity 35 Dr. 1860 Annie 47 | Itawl. | 1861 PARGHAVIBA . 26... 004 79 | Trawl. | 1877 | Beaconsfield...... 475 | Trawl. | 1877 Blue Jacket ...... 38 Dr. 1858 Bonny Craft....... 46 | Trawl. | 1870 US ahd Sk a ear 33 Dr. 1857 PMOLNETS (02.35.55 30 ibys 1841 SA GerDlUM |.:3. vs. 37 Bi 1861 | Choice ............1.59 | Trawl. | 1861 | Clara Ellen ..... 47 | Trawl. | 1874 SOCOTC sancti =. 38 Dr. 1861 Momidence))-.. 1.5 45 | Trawl. | 186: Contrast | 67 | Trawl. | 1862 Cornelia 63 | Trawl. | 1876 RETOWIN 4a inias eae Yas 66 | Trawl. | 1877 POBOUSLON, ca, . x50 an Dray; } 1853 PPEMMISON 3, cise) 52 Trawl. | 1859 PPR ENCE i iscs. 5.) 39 Dr... | 1860 Diligent x. 2a, \ IT../ | LOSS PE DETEBZ ED i su 043. $34). Dr.) | S56 Edith 475) Trawl.,| 18947 | Edith RAs Heaxl Oo Di. | 1860 REE hommes «<> » | 42 | Dr. 1866 Elizabeth & Emma’ 42 135, 1867 Elizabth & Francis} 40 | Traw! Elizabth&Susanh.| 43 Dr, 1872 Fishing When OROUGH. Owners Name & Address. G. Newby, Scarboro’ G. Levitt, do H. Unett, do J. Sellars, do C. Jenkinson, Filey W. Jenkinson, do W. Crawford, do J. Robson, Scarboro’ J. Sellars, do R. Chaplin, do R. Chaplin, do E. Woodger, do J. Sellars, do G. Buckett, do H. Wyrell, do J. Sellars, do J. Ward, do J. Sellars, do J. Sellars, do J. Haxby, Filey J. Clarke, Scarboro’ J. Sellars, do Col. F. Sewell, do —Brook, do ae Sellars, do | . Rage, do | E. Cammish, Filey J. Robson, Scarboro’ |W. Appleby, do | Col. F. Sewell, do | J. Sellars, do | .E. Coates, do T. Jenkinson, Filey R. Haxby, do M. Jenkinson, do SMACKS REGISTERED AT THE PORT OF SCARBORO’, No. 96 381 445 50 43 74 122 56 839 17 GP eNO Gy™T Go Fishing Name. Tonnage. Capacity HUMIDCESS $e hap aee: 62 | Trawl. PGOLErPLiSe: feats 54 | Trawl Evelyn & Maud.) 55 | Trawl Eyeof Providence] 42 Dr. CTL ae sire 2 Le: Piducia saan ieee > 39 Die Biljertyey acts see] 42 Dr. Biry Cross.y 4.250: 58 | Trawl Five Brothers ...| 38 Dr. Foxhound.........| 60 | Trawl Craliiee sy -¢-s0s eb 30 oye Garibaldi 3.) 38 Dr. AROUNELEL Con eckes 44 | Trawl General Dee ..5| 146 Bie George Peabody.| 40 Bak RGR Nel Mewes as 34 Dy, Good Design 69 | Trawl ropa intent ce: 39 Dr. Good Samaritan.| 39 Dr. INGIANA.-reectesnand 140 DY 93 EARS TITY Beara ns 33 Dr PACTIPIC erecta Dr. nACK alli yates vi 55 | lrawl James Clay ..s0 52 | Trawl Jane and Ann ...|. 38 Dr Jane & Elizabeth} 41 Dr; John & Elizabeth} 42 Dr. Lady’s Page...... 57 | Trawl MOA haes ower ern oo 66 | Trawl. PLOTS Eat aeee Ca 39 Ti: P Maeinets, sich ccs 30 Dr. | Maid of the Mill.| 48 | Trawl. NAVY ntsc une eis Dr; Marty AMM aseerey a7 Diy Mary blero ca 38 Dr. Maaiy ATC eo... ves Ad Dr. | Masterpiece ....2, 64 | Trawl Maud & Florence] 41 br Nelora cuit ..7)*399 Dr; Morning Star ...; 38 Dr: | Northern Belle...! 79 | Trawl | Olive Branch ...| 34 | Trawl Olive Branch ...| 34 Dr: Prize rece tea 58 | Trawl Prosperous ... ..' 38 Dr. When Built. 1876 1871 1873 1866 1858 1859 1867 1868 1860 1874 1861 1862 1863 1865 1876 1857 1877 1861 1860 1861 1857 1866 1857 1865 1858 1867 1846 1869 1878 1858 1857 1866 1869 1862 r861 1871 1877 1873 1858 1858 1878 1858 1856 1866 Owners Name & Address. E. Woodger, Scarboro’ H. Wyrell, do R. C. Chaplin, do G. Colling, Filey J. Sellars, Scarboro’ G. Newby, do [ley Jenkinson &Haxby, Fi- T.. Sellars, Searbero: WCrawford,Bridlingtn R.C.Chaplin,Scarboro’ W. Birdsall, do G. Newby, do -—Hopper, Whitby W. Purcell, Scarboro’ R. Jenkinson, Filey G. Newby, Scarboro’ J. Sellars, do G. Jenkins, Filey J. Sellars, Scarboro’ E, Jenkins, Filey H. Wyrell, Scarboro’ J. Sellars, do J. Sellars, do J. Sellars, do H. Wyrell, do T. Cowling, Filey G. Buckett, Scarboro’ —Hopper, Whitby E.Woodger, Scarboro’ J. Sellars, do Je Ellis; do H. Foster, do J. Appleby, do | H. Wyrell, do W. Colley, Filey J. Edmond, Scarboro’ J. Sellars, do W. Nicholson, do H. Wyrell, do J. Cappleman, do F. Neely do J. Sellers, do W. Appleby, do G. Newby, do 1858 | J. Appleby, do SMACKS REGISTERED AT THE PORT OF SCARBORO’. 63 20 (135 Name. Tonnage. Capacity. Built. Providence ...... 39 Dr. 1872 QueenofEngland| 46 | Trawl. | 1862 Rachel & Ann ...} 38 Dr. 1860 ERIM Ess! oe,.| 30 Dr. 1858 PREIOICE: 443 -. 42 Dr. 1867 Richard & Thos.. 34 By 1857 Rhoda essai trawl, (cl8s58 Robert & E Mary «. 29 De 1845 Ruby ... Feed paet® Dr. 1863 Ruby 44.1 Trawl. | 1854 Sally & Hannah . 30 Dr, 1841 Sarah.. 438 Dr. 1858 Scarboro’ King... 49 | Trawl. | 1865 Skimmerof the Sea 37 idhey 1858 Spray... Aes Lr; 1864 = ee .| 67 | Trawl Star of the East . 35 iDbe 1868 eager .....-... 40 Dr. 1862 Temp’rancePl’dge] 40 Ey? 1862 Temperance Star 35 Dr. | 1860 Three Friends ...| 31 Dr. 1877 SePetIAGier....05--.| 40.) Lrawl. | 1858 Thomas & Ann.. 38 Dr. 1858 Thos. & Margaret) 30 Dr 1865 Thomas & Mary. 42 Dr. 1867 ee 39 BS 1859 Toiler of the Sea 77 | Trawl. | 1877 Two Sisters ...... 55 | Trawl. | 1876 fnole Lom )..... 50 | Trawl. | 1860 Mee xpected:.....: 40 Dr. 1865 1 Se eae 36 Dr. 1858 Violet 55 | lrawl. | 1873 NI eS Aewava sy 35 on 1861 MVanderer ......... 37 Dr. 1860 _Wear.. WeeO Dr. 1860 Wiliam. Clowes . 36 Dr, 1858 William Smith ..| 34 Dr. 1857 William & John .| 32 Dr. 1832 Welcome Home .| 31 Dr. 1858 Young Alice...... 47 | Trawl. | 1868 Young Alfred ...| 46 | Trawl. | 1867 Yorkshire Lass..} 53 | Trawl. | 1858 Zellah & Rachel.! 37 jOae 1860 Fishing When Owners Name & Address. J Cappleman,Scarboro’ J. Sellars, do S. Cowling, Filey R. Jenkinson, do J. Ward, Scarboro’ | J. Sellars, do | H. Wyrell, do | J. Appleby, do J. Sellars, do eehitchy do J. Sellars, do B. Cowling, Filey J. Sellars, Scarboro’ H. Wyrell, do H. Wyrell, do J. Sellars, do J. Cappleman, do H. Wyrell, do J. Sellars, do J]. Cappleman, do isp Crisp, do G. Newby, do J. Adamson, do J. Sellars, do M. Jenkinson, Filey R. Allen, Scarboro’ W. McBean, do J. Sellars, do J. Wyreil, do J. Ward, do R. Haxby, Filey G. Newby, Scarboro’ H. Wyrell, do H. Wyrell, do G. Newby, do J. Haxby, Filey J. Race, Scarboro’ J. Sellars, do [ley Jenkinson & Haxby, Fi- B. Knight, Scarbore’ J. Sellars, do J. Reynolds, do W.Cappleman, do LIST OF SMACKS REGISTERED AT THE PORT OF LERWICK. Name. Tonnage. Alma. JPR Ge Anaconda ......... 84. Apsaraivaei: 39 Alarmigsno.: plde Pues Bemtawene dase. 38 Garchneiwwwin 33 ClispernniQovas £168 GontestumcAar: Cynthiat, serves [5498 Danish Rose...... 56 Destiny. eave 55 Dryad 53 ENDO saieibedes ae, | FO Hoamin sks tegcit.| 80 Fairy Queen.,..... 42 Gondolaninivucen: ae Gipsy Queen..... | 32 TEN. edecngks yo 59 Diurricanies, 2.5 sak 46 | VOPR gr Be 35 Imagine mish.) 57 James Stevenson| 69 John Chapman...} 51 John Fildes’...4%. 49 Key dserny wos 1 Og Lily of the Valley| 52 Little Dorrit ...... 28 Lass o’ Gowrle...; 15 Lady Nightingale} 33 Martha Ann..... | 59 Mvysteryitastess.:1:1 85 Meérseyapipaect ul) 47 Mizpahyi eee ad.) 50 May Queen aeie 17 NOVICE sy Copan Os When Built. Owners’ Name. 1855 1845 1843 1845 1845 1869 1835 1864. C. Nicolson & Coy. Joseph Leask Arthur J. Hay Robert Yait W. J. Adie | Joseph Leask James Garriock W. Stevenson Smith W. B. M. Harrison W. B. M. Harrison Joseph Leask John Walker James Garriock W. B. M. Harrison A. B. Jamieson Peter Garriock W. J. Adie Shetlandl’.Co.Glasgow James Garriock Hay & Co. Robert Scott ShetlandF.Co.Glasgow James Garriock ShetlandF.Co.Glasgow Andrew Smith Robert Scott Garriock & Co. i Laurence Duncan T. M. Adie Andrew Smith Garriock & Co. Peter Tait James Garriock J. Henry Joseph Leask SMACKS REGISTERED AT THE PORT OF LERWICK. No. Name. Tonnage. When Built. Owners’ Name. ee NOLO eee eden. 73 1871 | W. B. M. Harrison Or New Chum ...... 17 1863 | Robert Irvine PONY MIDI 7. 7.¢.....,| £6 1845 | Garriock & Co. eM AIBC Ee venvarcesese| 42 1838 | Hay & Co. SEED oe re ie 1836 | James Henry 62| PrideoftheOcean| 42 1858 | W. Pole, Junr. 22| Prince of Wales .| 46 1841 | Hay & Co. PretOrel§..,.. 2.62.05) 51 1826 | Peter Garriock 71 | Robert Miller ...| 81 1872 | ShetlandF.Co.Glasgow 78| Robert Kirkwood) 78 1873 do do Bagemoyal [ar......... 41 1858 | Joseph Leask Buna ppNITS +......... 42 1846 | A. J. Hay Deeecar rut) i253. 4.) 24 1853 | Hay & Co. messed MEW ......5.:% 6o Toph. Adie Sau okerryvore .....:| 29 1867 | Thomas Stove 0 jess) 2Lel | e ee 38 1856 | Joseph Leask MO PTAY s+ +. <.. 0055+. 1g 1866 | W. B. M. Harrison 1 36 1838 | Hay & Co. OUT ee... veee ese | 54. 1871 | W. J. Adie PSINTA 0... 0655. 35 _ |James Garriock Rey iCD > .-...5.0.+-.| 39 185 | James Mitchell epebereeraph... 2; 44 1848 | Joseph Leask Wee teieetaph.......:.| 43 1854 |W. B. M. Harrison Be PP UTOW fe... eek eel oS 1857 | Garriock & Co. PPMEMUS sete. es..s.| 53 1847 | Joseph Leask MERA WAREN ce, ere. ccs 2.1 49 1847 | L. F. U. Garriock 2 OCG 56 1860 | Nicolson & Co. 43| White Squall ...| 77 1869 | W. B. M. Harrison PRIN AVC. cc cc lcttisess. 16 1868 | Gideon S. Nicolson SIC YT s.....+5. 00.) 64 1819 | James Johnston —. 6 | 63 7 74 igs 8} 9 93 10 103 | ] A USEFUL TABLE FOR FINDING THE DISTANCE OF AN OBJECT BY TWO BEARINGS, AND THE DISTANCE RUN BETWEEN THEM. Points of the Compass. ring in Difference between the Course and Second Bea = eo eee ect. a la SOR [=> -te-tvee |< se-orae |i ste-toon [10 -te-tvere | i ee Sd seal vaveMicbae 2 a al DADSIAN YD AaensS RSPR DON DNOS +a¥o)| Sx ae | SESS HSS HHyx2 S/RASS my SRA 4S ‘ 3 LRSx esesisssos! Sess! sos J Rendon Ml Lan iene en! See len onion! aoe SHAN TM Nit | DR wD st > & wSMN ae SoS + MMOs OMNM So me [SFSS(SESECRRR|RSRSIHSES [AL AR|ARTRSSRS SIS so >t>oo SoSeo se - —) Ssscisnnn ttt Pt tt Pet tt IN NQOotiwatN POH Tet DANS AAAS ooo ae O19 O SIS Tal See RSHF/RSSA(ARAR|RISSISSHS [SB Sco scloscoooliosot= SOOsS!IlsSHHRn lal aAAN IA AlisSseniseahict. WN S)oa ON SAN DIODNOlM JESS SISSSS |RSS S/S SSS ES SAIRAAR |S SHES SSNS hi SSSoo soso So 2s2Oo/S 25 2 letra ms at et tt et mt MANA! ; SHrnpcomMrjaaTONsolSsrta BY Seney NO TSI RN D soto ems Safes ee 9 (2255 |S Saa NAS (SSS Sas | essslesssissosisssslintdlinedlinnilinaa = Ape ot HAMINIHSHOHAIRToOS|DDANIONROS = ge iseesieess|® DAASIOTAIAVAVI tT MSHROAG esosclissosesissoss SSHle Rn KH IRR RR lana DTReASorrj—ssS Donen DWIASINS NDOtSIND He [RTS ISSSS NRoS HDASAS|SAAN|H = M3 (SRAS Nig essslssseclesssilsssH-linnnlinelidnenlan Amt —l|oot NES SISo SS laSanlSSs2lsaaz Lae BEE |SSse hi SBS/SSS5 AN OD 150 TD OS DARA MisssslsnmsclsssslesHt lint linn linan SOO ~ ee ae 4) 2I~Nb SSS NAty SAE HANGS ake [22 SSO See ef be myetehi fed ab D2 9D OD Sua} Ssessissos —h— Soe me IRR RIANA seg ih —foaornnrafesnaitratramo2enis aye ANG FLOOA DMA a a wien 133 $2 |S SS/S 32/4854 28s AERA Sse Eee s s=s soss Sapscoloanre aa ea ed oo SEE} Se ANN qs 23 5 NDS OSPR TSH IR NON [HMADIBNMNAlYe ae |8 $35 (SSS [5 2S3/SS55 (8934 /ShF5 [88 cn 28 ssssissssilssosslonnnlinnnlinnnliaa Moe RNR HKOK(OSADAISONR FAH StZIOCA Hs ees FSlSSSS[seealss r= 2 |S ete eslssssissoo a] mee so ‘ 5 AIiwoQ/DFon “S72 #4 /SSS5 [BSS ance sesoeolsoseolosossd er ES e§es : Midna otlocs Sone © Se tes REVS /REEN|RRAS SAND |PSRDIS 94 grag s-osleeseleéssHlinnlindlnag Soman See ee ee eee =3 ae[3 ts [2Eh5 [288s aN oD SS2siks Ae Suse SDE ND) ENODINNDOANIONMNIO 30.8 for) RSS(SERN BASS ey 9 SHS Ns a a wae esscclesssilssH elise aan ° me SS = bess We GOMDIOS TS OO A LA as et 9 JSSse RASHIAVBSIDSANG 2 oa ooss Sone aa IRN g Bese = DASTINGO SSH AIDS SSe wa (HABS BSSnx ASSAHBHH[ARAS 8 28'3 esses sess Seana on on ead eat se" Ss ag —SADI“GACS ee S28 © ‘a 3 eS 283 [8558 [85 S8ess4le 3 3 oBe@s IS SSSISSSSIS AMS lms lod ani at 2 et = =) SARS 1— ]Sonesronne|— b- . |Z 28/5 SS8o |S (8S S855 SN Beige #383 as = CO wd [cs & NSIS 9) Seee ER SSl/SIR5(|SRSs gs EF wes SSS eo Coe e ae RSS sate #eeq wtinoce ~~ = & [8S 3S(RSSS(—N49/89R 253 gO Bee SSeS eS eagesis ego a pa es QnporFrTeiayo 8 o @ oO. BSBSS|RHAS|RSREIAN e388 éy28 Sssssissosu ae I a8 3 2 37% oR 2esais oN @ ern Sq a wr |saee Ras 3 /8tS3 (3 BEE 2 2133 ssoscls soe le nnn! ion é gba Mie toimtkyo Tit ene ! | i os Boog ate | EAN [BASU ARS dao k eae? sooo Ssan aoa a Leon or RR/OOtTS ¢ + 0 4o|SASR(BSAR/S5S S Ee sess SS85 5 D % nS 8 e aSRa ASAT mag 8 sess 22553 god eat? elon asa sooo aaa ae mR OM IDS DO Baga ISSSS/S575 cri ceoolernnm aera Sos gO Ong mao 98 eo @ aa Road oe Aes 2 pe lve Sead ; gee abd Em ae Se =| aoe RoTe | ses ioe - res Ase Se WMogr MESS SoLo 4222 Had we Asoo s ws FG Difference between the Course and First Bearing in Points of the Compass, wre —_ % V \\ => : \ 4 : SSS Spgs Nac orca S14 = as 4 —~ fn SF Ao Explanation and Use of the Tables. TABLES I. Anp Il. These two tables are generally used for Traverse Nailing, and therefore cél- led traverse tables. they are also used in solving problems in right angle, plane, trigonometry, etc. Table 1 contains difference of latitude and departure in whole numbers and tenths. answering to distances not exceeding 300. and for courses to every quarter point of the compass Table 11. is of the same nature but consisting of whole degrees only. The courses are found at the top of the page upwards to the right, up to 4 points or 45 degrees , then back again at the bottom of page. to the left, the first column is Distance from 1 to 60, the fourth column is a continuation of the first from 61 to 120; second column Lat., begins o1.0 to 59.0, continuation of the 5th column. 3rd column Dep., begins 00.0 to 02.9, continuation 6th column. The courses less than 4 points or 45 degrees, must be taken out from the top, when more than that named they must be taken out from the bottom, the Dist. column being the same but Lat and Dep. are reversed. you can enter the table with any two - of the four parts. viz: course Dist., Diff. of Lat. or Dep. When an given part (with the exception of the course) is more than the limits of the table. it may be divided. and the corresponding figures multiplied by the same number as it has been divided by, and the result will be correct. PABIER: TLL: MERIDIONAL PARTs. This table is used in solving problems by Mercator’s Sailing, and also for constructing charts on Mercator’s Projection. The Meridional parts are to be taken out for the Degrees. answering to the given Latitude at the top or bottom and for the Minutes or Miles at either side column. Example:—The Meridional parts corresponding to 52° 36’ is 3724. WA BICEah Ve MEAN REFRACTION. This table contains the Refraction of the Heavenly Bodies in minutes and seconds at at a mean state of the atmosphere and corresponding to their apparent altitudes. This correction is always to be subtracted from the altitude of the object. Example .—alt. 24° 40’ Ref. 2’ 4" OFS) ITO Dip OF THE HorRIZON. This table corresponds to the height of the eye above the sea, whereby the horizon, seen by the observer; are below the true one at the water’s edge ;-con- sequently the altitude will be too great, therefore the correction from this table must always be subtracted. (N.B. in olden time when back observations were used, this correction had to be added). Example: Dip for ro feet gives 3’ 2”' to subtract from altitude. . : TABLE VI. Suns PARALLAX IN ALTITUDE. This correction is to be taken out opposite the sun’s altitude and is always addictive. Example :—Sun's Parallax corresponding to 40° is 7’ TABLEevil. Moon's AUGMENTATION. This table is\ for to correct the a ae s Semi- eat Reco wea the NauticalAlmanack. } MOT P MPI TABLE VII. Die. AT DIFFERENT: DISTANCES! OF THE OBSERVER. This table is used only when Jand obstructs. the horizon, , the heavenly body is brought down to where the land and water seem to meet, ‘and the anticipated distance taken from the left-hand column. ; TA BLE TX } bos atedmirm story 2, ‘T2729 OF 29e%TVOO FoR CoRRECTING.THE, OBSERVED ALTITUDES OF THE Sun's LOWER LIMB. This table is intended to simplify the usual method of correcting” ‘the obser- ved altitude of the sun’s lower limb. by showing the correction at once for’ the joint effect of the sun’s semi-diameter, dip ‘of. the horizon, refraction, and parallax, and are always to be added to the observed altitude , the tenths ie be altered to seconds by multiplying them by 6. TABLE! XI: ’ foaren a rene oe f . For REDUCING LONGITUDE INTO TIME, AND. THE ConTRaRy,, If the numbers in the first column are intended’ to' represent’ dayne! see answer will be ‘hours and minutes. if used as minutes the answer will be minutes and seconds. if used as seconds the answer will be $écotids and tenths, Exa MPLE “I. 9 ! : ae Time answering to 31° 17°°3 Time answering/to;! 32%s!caiqotfivise eh.psamei eSdai eid T ‘ msn74 9g 183 G@hoo MMsd8suniton temoo The time corrésponding {a2 S01 oO anBiowelss Ohs1 eM .sfesoIZdh.nsidal yah ee ee SE db Hence the time soneapontae pens 2iISp *gh.os §mibateyesebb.2 EXAMPLE II. Require the Degrees, &c., corresponding to 8h. 4m. 8s. Long. corrésporiding to | 8h. 4m. os: ig fii enas®ioo sldgst ein] y TIO HOB GIS6 8s: is 61% 16 ts-ebr Hence the answef 18 '944 (Ob “h? Ji@r? Set 4 TABLE XI. For FINDING THE DISTANCE OF TRRRESTRTAM OBJECTS AT SEA, At sea, when the curvature of the water is uniform,’ the- distaee may ere: be poate tee by this table. NTO! “EXAMPLE. ili. ib Sis bates: 2 ; -Being-at the sical say 40 feet above. the surface of the,sea,,, and. discern Grimsby hydraulic tower which is 300 feet high nent died Ileight of masthead 4o feet 27 Height of tower 300 feet IQ: 9 Distance between ‘ship/and tower:! 27.17 «i moloaT1Oo = ar aaa i] $ } : itorhbs I 00.0 2 00.1 3 00.1 4. 00.2 5 00.2 6 00.3 7 0c .3 8 00.4 9 00.4 28 ee) “II 00.5 12 00.6 13 00.6 14 00.7 T5 00.7 16 00.8 17 00.8 18 00.9 19 00.9 20 OI.0 “ag O1.0 22 OI.I 23 O1.1 24 O1.2 25 OI,2 26 01.3 27 O1.3 28 O1.4 29 OI.4 30 O1.5 31 O1.5 32 or.6 33 o1r.6 34 01.7 BI 01.7 36 01.8 37 o1.8 38 O1.g 39 O1.9 40 02.0 41 02.0 42 02.1 43 07.1 44 02.2 45 02.2 46 02.3 47 02.3 48 02.4 49 02.4 5° 02.5 51 02.5 52 02.6 52 02.6 54 02.7 55 02.7 56 02.8 57 02 8 58 92.9 ¥ 02, z oie III|I10.g II2|TI1.9g II3|I12.9 I14|113.9 II5|114.9 TI6|I15.9 I1I7/116.9 II8|II7.9 I19]118.9 I20|119.9 te) && Pow} DY NHDH HO RhOoSYYHHHOO ° DO WOW DAMA TABLE f. . Difference of Latitude and Departure for } Pomt. 121|120.9 122|121.9 123]122.9 124]123.9 125]124.9 126]125.8 127/126.8 123]127.8 129|128.8 130|129.8 131|130.8 132/131.8 133|132.8 134|133.8 135|134.8 136|135.8 137|136.8 138|137.8 139/138.8 140]139.8 141|140.8 142/141 .8 143|142.8 144|143.8 145|144.8 146|145.8 147|146.8 ele ie 149|148.8 150|149.8 1§1|150.8 1§2|151.8 1§3/152.8 15§4|153.8 155/154.8 156|155.8 157|156.8 1§8|157.8 159|158.8 160|159.8 161|160.8 162/161 .8 163/162.8 164|163.8 165|164.8 166|165.8 167|166.8 168|167.8 169|168.8 170/169 .8 171|170.8 172|171.8 173|172.8 174/174.8 175|174.8 176|175.8 177|176.8 178/177 .8 179|178.8 180|179.8 A 06.4 LO COCOMIAI DOME IPOH DD HHOOCIS DON~ e) [o<) a2. OL, Cie O.5 C25 a OO eB .. & WWwWNYnND DH He O OW} e . e . e . . IO. Qtrits Hp Dist] Dep.| Lat. || Dist] Dep.| Lat. ||Dist] Dep. Lat. 181|180.8] 08.9]| 241/240.7 182]181.8] 08.9]] 242/241 67 183]182.8] 09.0]] 243/242.7 184|183.8] 09.0]] 244]243.7 185|184.8! O9.1]] 245|244.7 186/185 .8} O9.1|| 246/245.7 187|186.8} 09.21] 247/246.7 188/187 .8] O9.2|] 248]247.7 189|188.8] 09.31] 249|248.7 190|189.8} 09-3] 250|249.7 I91|190.8] 09.4]] 251/250.7 192|191.8] O9.4]] 252/251.7 193|192.8] 09.5]| 253|252.7 194]193.8} 09.5]] 254/253.7 195|194.8] 09.6]! 255]254.7 196195 .8] Og.6]} 256/255.7 197|196.8}] 09.7] 257|250.7 198|197.8] 09.7|| 258/257.7 199]198.8} 09.8]} 259]258.7 200|199 .8} 09.8]| 260]259.7 201|200.8} 09.9]] 261/260 202|201.8} O9g.9|| 262/261.7 203}202.8] 10.0]| 263/262.7 204|203.8} 10.0|| 264]263.7 205|204.8] 10.1]] 265|/264.7 206|205 .8} 10.1]] 266/265 .7 207|206.8] 10.21] 267|266.7 208|207.8] 10.2]| 268/267.7 209|208.8) 10.3]] 269]268.7 210|209.8} 10.3] 270|269.7 Q11]210.7] 10.4]| 271/270 7 212|211.7| 1O.4|| 272/271.7 213|212.7| 10.5|| 273|272.7 214|213.7| 10.5]| 274/273.7 215|214.7| 10.6]| 275|274.7 216|215.7| 10.6]| 2761275.7 917|216,9| 10.7]| 2771276.7 218|217.7| 10.7|| 278]277.7 219|218.7| 10.8]] 279|278.7 2.20/219-+7} 10.8] 280/279.7 221|220.7| 10.8]| 281/280.7 422\221.7| 10.9]| 282/281.7 223|222.7] 10.9]] 283/282.7 224|223.7| II.0]] 284/283.7 225|224.7] II.0l| 285]284.7 226}225.7| IT.1]| 286/285 .7 22/7|226,7| II.1 oe 286.7 228)227.7| I1,2|| 288/287. 229}228,7| IL 2]| 289/288.7 2.30|229.7| II.3]| 290/289.7 231|230.7| I1.3]| 291|290.7 232/231.7| I1.4]| 292/291.7 233|232.7| II.4]| 293]292.7 234/233-7| I1.5]) 294/293. 235|234+7) I1.5}) 295/294. 236/235~7| I1.6]] 296|295.6 237|230.7| II.6]| 297/296. 2.381237.7| I1.7]| 298/297. 239|238.7| 11.7]! 299|298.6 240|239.7| 11-8] 300|299.6 Dist Dep.| Lat. Dist| Dep.| Lat. | for 7 2 Points. 00.1 00.2 00.3 00.4 00.5 00.6 00.7 00.8 00.9 O1.0 O1.0 02.0 03.0 04.0 05.0 06.0 07.0 08.0 09.0 10.0 10.9 11.9 12.9 13.9 14.9 15.9 16.9 17.9 18.9 19.9 OW CONT Otrn HO HD H Leal © OnNT Hr hw ND eH ie) » {e) Oo nS) al Oo PSY WO OrTI Qtr fS BW p 02. Dist] Lat. Dep. Dist| Lat. . e e e e e > . . e . ° e e NA NNNWNDNNDDD Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep. Dist| Lat. Dep.||Dist| Lat. 06.0 06.1 — 121]120.4 1221121 .4 123|122.4 124]123.4 125]124.4 126|125.4 127|126.4 128]127.4 129]128.4 130|129.4 131|130.4 132|131.4 TABL4 I. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 4 Point. iin le Salto Als im eg lon Vous fee SI Au fPWPYPHO 181|180,1 182/181 .1 183}182.1 184|183.1 185|184.1 186/185 .1 187|186.1 188|187.1 18g}188.1 Ig0|189.1 191|190.1 TQ2|IQI.I 193|192.1 194/193.1 195}194.1 196|195.1 197|196.1 198|197 0 199|198 .0 200]199.0 201|200 202/201 203|202 204/203 205|204 206] 205 207|206 208]207 2.09|208 210|209 Pe Pa ee —_——— S| | SE | | |} | | eeeeesewe | ee | | | | | | ff — | — - | | | | | LT 59-7 ¢ i Git GG CH NNNDW se tinincmitintn 103|102. I04|103. 105/104. IO6}105.5 107|T06.5 108|107.5 109]108 .5 IIO}I09.5 III|LIO.5 II2|1II.5 TI3Z|112.5 IIA4|11365 TI5|114.5 IIO}1I5.4 I07}116.4 II8/117.4 TIQ/118.4 I20|119-4 151|I50. 152|I51. 153}152: 154/153. 155)154. 150|155. 157|156, 1§8|157. 159/158. 160|159. I71|170. 172177. 173/172. 174)173. 175|174- 176|175. 177/176. 1781177 179/178. 180|I79.1 Dist| Dep.| Lat. ||Dist| Dep.| Lat. ||Dist] Dep. =,.6, “8. "6.78, Gets _&) _&rre “I AUN Hw YN ww OW CO Lat. ||Dist| Dep.| Lat. ||/Dist| Dep. a1I|210. A121. 913]212. 214|213. 215|214. a16|215. 217\216. 218)216.9 219|217.9 2.20|218.9 221/219.9 2.221220 .9 2231221 .9 2.241222 .9 225}223.9 2261224 .9 2271225 9 2.28}226.y 2.31|229.9 232|230.9 233/231 .9 234123229 235}233-9 2.3612.34.9 237|235-9 238}236.9 2.39|237 8 2.401238 .8 17. cae 179 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 18.4 18.5 18.6 —_—_—_—_— | | | | _—_ ——e 233 2304 235 2411239 .8 242|240.8 243/241 .8 2441242.8 245124328] 246|244.8 247/245 «8 2.48}246.8 249|247 8 2.501248 .% 279)277 «7 280/278 .7 281|279.6 282|280.6 for 74 Points. Dep. Dist| Lat.’ Dep.||Dist s1|| 61} 60.3] © -3|| 62) 61.3] © .4|| 63] 62.3] 0 -6]| 64] 63.3 -7|| 65} 64.3 .9|| 66) 65.3 .O|] 67} 66.3] 0 .2|| 68} 67.3 .3|| 69] 68.2 Eee y ORNS) )79).9-2 -6l] 71] 70.2 Si] 72] 71.2 9] 73) 72-2 Tl] 74) 73-2 sail) 75174.2 -3i] 76] 75-2 -5]] 77) 76.2 .6)| 78) 77.2 Bi} 79] 78.1 Qi} 80} 79.1 ; 81] 80.1 82| 81.1 83| 82.1 84| 83.1 85| 84.1 86} 85.1 87| 86.1 88} 87.0 89| 88.0 go| 89.0 : gI| go.o 71} 92) 91.0 81] 93] 92.0 -O}} 94) 93-0 Il} 95} 94.0 -3}) 96) 95-0 “All 971 95-9 6), 98] 96.9 -7\} 99] 97-9 .9|} Too} 98.9 6 HO Oana YHOO TOL WwW Se OWN OL YN HO COORMW DN OrO ° e e e . e . e ~ . “IN BY HO COAMNW TABI F. 7, Lat. | Dep.|| Dist} Lat. T2r|119.7 122|120.7 123|121.7 124|122.7 125|123.6 126/124.6 127|125 6 128|126.6 129|127.6 130|728.6 131|129.6 132|130.6 133/131 .6 134/132.5 135|133.5 1 36/134.5 137|135-5 138]130.5 139 137.5 140/128 - 5 141}139.5 142|140.5 143/141. 144/142. 145)143. 146|144. 147|145. 148/146. 14G)147. _150}148 «: T§1/149. 152|150. 1§ 3/151. 15§4|152. T55|153- 156/154. 1§7|155 158156, T§9)157-: 160 158. SIBAESSAGS SS SALE SE are? » hak OO ARW HO CON ; “181(079. ° 182|180.0 183/181 .0 184|182.0 185/183.0 186|184.0 187/185 .0 188|/186.0 a, ee Ce ney 5 pe A) ee 201/198 .8 202/199.8 203}200.8 204/201 .8 205]202.8] 30. 206|203.8 207|204.8 208/205 .7 209|204 .7 210|207 37 211/208.7 2.12/209.7 213}210.7 Q14|211.7 21§|212.7 216/213.7 217}214.6 218/215 .6 2.19|216.6 220}217.6 ~~ Oona ADPW ~~ Oo WOM wv O 260 257-2 ar Oe 4m, 2c. OO By err oy eo” @ > = O CO~Itr DH HP Differerice of Latitude and Departure for 2? Point. Dep.||Dist Lat. | Dep. Dist Lat.} Dep. “a4r 238.4 2421239 4 2.43}240.4 244/241. 245/242. 2.461243. 2471244. 2.48}245. 249]246., 250|247. 251/248. 252/249. 253}250- 254/251. 255|2752- 256\253. 257|754- 2581255. 259/256. DW WwW OM “261 258.2 262/259. 263]260, 264/261. 265|262. 266/263. 2671264, 2.68|265. 269]266. _270 267. SEAPSSELSS S| YN nN WN DN HD YW WD Ww 271/268.1} : 2721269.0] 39. 2731270.0 2.741271 .0 275|272.0 2.761273 .0 277|274-0 278/275 .0 279|276.0 280/277 .0 ————S ee ee | ee ee a ed tee eee | .@) & Lom oO nN 00 O0X.0 0 5 6 . e e° . ° . . . e OWO~I Aww bp O IOgl107. 8 I10|108.8 I11|109.8 II2|110.8 II3}II1.8 II4]112.8 IIS|I13.7 II6}114.7 II7|II§.7 II8|116.7 TIQ|117.7 120/118. Z\¢ . . . . . e . . e . Com tm HO HO CO I61|159. 162|160. 163/161. 164/162. 165|163. 166|164. 167/165. 168/166. - nN so _ a ~~ o—-@-"' 0-6. O— O © @ --0~" © or @ Le, on on co on SO Se SO SS SU SS SO _180 178.0 ° | Lat. (Dist Dep.| Lat. re) PS) ° PA oe Sag oan O65 ong ob0 We oes © mw YW OWnI ALW YH iS) rs Qu pb P HO COD 221|218.6 2.221219.6 2.23|220.6 224/221 .6 4251222.6) 7 226}223.5 2271224.5 2281225 25 229}226.5 2302275]: 2.31|228.5 232/229.5 233/230.5 234/231.5 235123204 230|233.4 237/234 4 391235 »4 2.39)236.4 _240)237 +4 . e . e e . . . . . CHW bP OWO™nm ASL 2811278.0 2821278 .9 283/279 .9 284|280.9 285]281.y 286/282.9 2871283.9 288) 234.9 289]285 .g 290]286.9 291}287 8 2921288 .8 2.93|289 .8 294/290.8 295|291.8 296)292.8 297|293.8 298|294.8 299|295 .8 300|296.8 Dist Dep. “Lat. for 14 Points, nL rte -- —— TABLE 1. Difference of Latitude and Departute for 1 Point. Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist} Lat. | Dep.||Dist} Lat. | Dep. eee ae ee OW CO~1 Qu bhD wD H .6 .6 5 5 5 5 5 “4 “4 . e * 7 . e. . e ° e . e ° ° 7 e * . e . ORF KF KH RHR DD YN DH! ND VHHWwOHWHPHH 107|104.9 108|105.9 109|106.9 1I0|107.9 II1|108.9 I12|109.8 II3|I10.8 IIA4|I11.8 II5|112.8 I16|113.8 I17|T14.7 II8|I15.7 IIQ|r16.7 I20|117 24 AL PO OAK wD < e e e ° . . e ° e s tin HOnTIinw HO CO 129/126. 130|127. He Dn DH bY HD bv 151\148. 152|149. 153/150. SO0000HHH 171|167.7 172|168.7 173|169.7 174|170.7 175/171.6 176|172.6 177|173.6 178|174.6 179/175 .6 T80}176.5 ‘95.4 ° ° . . . . ° . o 2 > o e . . ° . ° — WW MoOnmTFir& HOnTIMN e J ° ° ° ee YN OwWn~IrN 33+ 33.6 33+ 34.0 34.1 34-3 34-5 34-7 34-9 35.1 I81/177.5 182|178.5 183/179-5 184|180.5 185|181.4 186|182.4 187|183.4 188]184.4 189|185..4 190/186. 3 191|187.3 192|188.3 193|189.3 194/190.3 195/191. 196/192. 197|193. 198194. 199|195- 200|196. YY YN NHN ND HD COO0O0OHHHHHY 211|206.9 212}207 «9 213/208 .9g 214|209 .9 221|216.7 22/217 .7 223/218 .7 224/219 .7 2.25|220.7 2.26)221 47 227122226 2.281223 .6 2.2.9]224 .6 230/225 .6 2.31|226.6 232/227 .5 2.33)228.5 23.4|229.5 235)230 «5 2.30/231.5 2371232 .4 2381233 .4 239)234 64 240}235 .4) 2.41|236.4 2421237 3 2431238 . 3 244/239 -3 245|240.3 246/241 .3 247}242.3 248/243 .2 249}244.2 2501245 .2 2511246.2 252)247 «2 253/248 .1 254|249.1 255|250.1 256/251.1 25712521 258/253.0 259|254.0 260|255.0 261|256.0 262/257 .0 2631257 +9 264)258 .9 265]2.59 +9 2.66|260.9 267\261. 268 262.8 ist] Dep.| Lat. |[Dist! Dep.| Lat. |[Dist] Dep.| Lat. Dist] Dep.| Lat. ||Dist] Dep. for 7 Points, Dist} Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep. 06. 06 o7, O7. O7. O7. 08. 08. 08, 08. 09. 09. o9. ty og. Se Se 159999 won bn Oo Dist Dep.| Lat. a 6 8 fo) 3\I - 5 3 fe) 3 5 7 fe) 2 5 7 107|103.8 108|104.8 TO9|105.7 I10|106.7 III|107.7 112/108 .6 113|109.6 II4|110.6 IT5|111.6 T16/112.5 II7|113.5 II8/114.5 IIQ|1I5.4 120|116.4 14.8 15.1 15.3 TABLE J. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 1} Point. Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist] Lat. | Dep. I21|117.4 131|127,1 132/123 .0 133|129.0 134|130.0 135|13I.0 29.4 29.6 136|/131.9] 33. 137|132.9 138|133.9 139/134.8 141|136.8 142|137.7 143|138.7 T44)139.7 145|140.7 146|141.6 147|142.6 148]143.6 149|144.5 140/135.8} 34. T50|145.5 I51|146.5| 2 152/147.4 153|148.4| 37. 154|149.4 155|150.4 31] I56|151.3| Z Ol] 15§7]152.3 158]153.3 159]154.2) 38. 160/155 .2 161]156.2 162|157.1 163|158.1| 3 164|159.1| 3 165|160,1 166|161.0 167|162.0 168|163.0 169|163.9 170|164.9 171|165. - 166.8 173|167.8 174/168 .8 175|169.8 176|170.7 177|171.7 178|172.7 179|173.6 180|174.6 181/175.6 182|176.5 183/177 5 184|178.5 185]179.5 186|180.4 187/181 .4 188]182,4 189|183.3 _190|184.3 1g1|185. 192 rea 193/187 .2 194/188 .2 195|189.2 196|190.1 IQ7|I9I 1 198|192.1 Ty9}193.0 _200}194 .0 201|195.0 202|195 .9 203/196.9 204/197 +9 205|198.9 206|199.8 207!200.8 208/201 .8 209|202.7 210|203.7 211|204.7 212|205 .6 2.13|206.6 214|207 .6 215/208 .6 216)/209.5 217|210.5 218|211.5 219|212.4 44.0 44.% 44.5 44.7 45.0 45.2 45.4 45.7 45.9 ————— 241|233.8 242|234.7 243}235 7 244|230.7 245|237-7 2.46|238 6 247/239 .6 2.48|240 6 249|/241.5 46.2)| 250/242.5 46.4 46.7 46.9 47.1 47.4 47.6 47.9 48.1 48.4 48.6 . . . 49.1 49.3 49.6 49.8 50.1 59.3 50.5 50.8 51.0 51.3 51.5 51.8 52,0 52.2 52.5 52.7 53.0 53.2 _220/213.4| 53.5 Q21|214.4 222/215 .4 223/216.3 224/217 .3 225/218.3 226/219.2 2291220, 2 223/221 .2 229/222. 230/223 «1 231|224.1 232/225 .1 233|220.0 234/227 .0 2351228 .0 2.36228 .9 237 |229 9 238|230.9 239/231 .8 2401232.8 53-7 53+9 54.2 54-4 54-7 54-9 55.2 55-4 55.6 55+9 56.1 56.4 56.6 56.9 57.1 573 57.6 57.8 58.1 58.3 251|243.5 2521244.5 253/245 4 254|240.4 255|247 4 2.56|248 . 3 257/249 .3 258/250. 3 259]251.2 260|252.2! 6 48 .8]| 261/253.2 262)254.2 263|255.1 264/256.1 265|257.1 7° 258.0 267/259 .0 268 260.0 2.69|260.9 270|261 .9 271|262.9 2.721263 .9 27 3)264.8 274|265 .8 275|266.8 276|267 .7 277|268 .7 278/269 .7 279|270.6 280/271 .6 281/272.6 282/273 .6 2831274.5 2841275 .5 285|276.5] 69 286|277.4 287|278.4 288]279.4 289|280. 3 2g0|281 .3 291}282.3 2.921283 .3 293|284.2 294|285 .2 295|286.2 296/287 .1 297|288 .1 2.98|289 .1 2.99|290.0 300|29T .0 729 Dist} Dep.| Lat. ||Dist| Dep.} Lat. ||Dist] Dep.| Lat. ||Dist} Dep.} Lat. for 6 3 Points. Din Tae Oo SII Qa hw YP Ln! tun Lendl SE SS oe ee eo cr | fe ff ef | — _ ——— | —_—__ } ————_ 1] -———_- rs) owe Ter’ wv Cr Ee eS” & Ot OO ~1 COC COOO OOH —__ Gs eo) oe ee ee Se eS Oe + i=) OOHHYNYND od DX O~1=3 6050 . e . J e 2 ° . . es mH DN DWH DB HPUrMN ty-1 CWDS OOOH Dist| Dep.| Lat. Dist Dep. e e e . ° . . NO DDD. | COM rey as mm COtn Dp OTR H COM -_—— | —— | | | ||] —__—_ Lat. Perey ee Ao ne eed TABLE 1. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 1} Point. Sah PO OS Ort 181|173.2 182|174.2 183|175.1 184|176.1 185}177.0 186|178.0 187|179.0 188]179.9 189/180, TQO}I8I. ieee) Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. Dep. 52-5} Dist| Lat.| Dep. 241]230.6 52.8: 242/237.6 53.1 53-4 53-7 54.9 wn in Lal 2.43}232 05 244/233 .5 2.45}234-5 246/235 .4 2.47|236.4 248/237 .3 2.49|238 3 —__ | —_- — | ——_ | | ———— | —_——_ | -——_ | |__| ———— 131/125. 132/126, 133|127. 134/128, 135|129. 136|130. 137|13I. 138/132. 139|133. I41|134. 142/135. 143}136. 144|137. I5I|144. 152|145. 1531146. 154|147. 155/148. 156]149. Sf” Of .0 £20.) ¢ ft erase oe F104 Fe: DW 4 COUrn WO DD O trp OWI 4 CON PO Ig1|182. 192|183.. 193/184. 194|185. 195|186. 196|187. 197/183, 198]189. 199190. [SoS Aer HR Aaxr~In~r~ CO 201|192.3 202/193 .3 203|194.3 204|195.2 205|196.2 206|197.1 207|198.1 208]199.0 209 200 ,O 210/201 .0 wn lon HH COtn NWO QW OnNTS 251|240.2 2521241.2 253|242.1 254/243 .1 255|244.0 256/245 .0 257|245.9 2.581246 .9 259|247 .9 ats 248 .8 —j—————— | / | 261|249 .8 oe 250.7 263|251.7 abn 252.6 265|253.6 266/254.6 267|255.5 268)256.5 211/201. 212|202. 2131203.8 214|204.8 215|205.7 216|206.7 2171207 .7 2.18|208 .6 219]209.6 420/210. 5 Z221/21T.5 222)212.4 223121324 224)214.4 225/215 .3 2.26|216.3 227|217.2 228/218 .2 229/219 .1 NO 0 OW O 64+0 5 : ; 5 ; : ; 4 ‘ ; ; 3 Ij] 268]252.3] 90.3 ; 3 -4|| 269]253.3] 90.6 ; | 50. 70.71| 270|/254.2| 91.0 30.7] 151/142.2] 50.9] 211|198.7]| 71.1]| 271|255-2] 91.3 31.0]] 152]143.1| 51.2] 212/1g9.6) 71.4|| 2721256.1] 91.6 31.3]| 153]144.1] 51.5}]] 213/200.5] 71.8}] 2731257.0] 92.0 31.7|| 154|145.0] 51.9]] 214]201.5] 72.1] 274|258.0] 92.3 32.0 Q} 52.2|] 215]202.4] 72.4]] 275]258.9] 92.6 3223 Q| 52.5]| 216/203.4] 72.8]] 276 259-9 93.0 327 3} 52.9|]| 217/204.3] 73.1|| 277/260.8] 93.3 33.0 8] §3.2|| 218]/205.3! 73.4]] 278/261.7) 93.7 32.3 7| 53.6] 219|206.2] 73.8]| 279|262.7] 94.0 33-7|| LO0}1150.6] §3.9]} 220/207.1) 74.1|| 280]263.6] 94.3 : 3. 34.0]| 161|151.6] 54.2]| 221/208.1| 74.4]] 281|264.6] 94.7 4 ; .0] 34.4 152.5] 54.6]| 222]209.0] 74.8]| 2821265 5] 95.0 43| 40-5] 14.5]| 103] 97.0] 34.7 -5| 54.9]] 223/210.0] 75.1|] 283|266.5] 95.3 44] 41.4] 14.8]] 104] 97.9] 35.0 Ab 55.0% B24)21049 75+5|| 284|267.4] 95.7 45| 42.4] 15.2} 105] 98.9] 35.4 31 55.O]] 225/211.8] 75.8]] 285|268.31 96.0 46] 43.3) 15.5]| 106] 99.38] 35.7 3) 55.9|] 2261212.8] 76.1|] 286/269.3) 96.3 47| 44.3) 15.8]| 107]100.7| 36.0 .2| 56.3|| 227/213.7| 76.5]| 287|270.2| 96.7 48| 45.2] 16.2]} to8lro1.7| 36.4 2] 56.6]) 228!214.7] 76.8]| 288/271.21 97.0 49| 46.1] 16.5]| rog|102.6; 36.7 I] 56.9]| 229]215.6] 77.11] 289]272.1] 97.4 50| 47-1] 16.8}| 110!103.6] 37.1 I] 57-3|) 230/216.5| 77-5]| 290|273-0] 97.7 51| 48.0] 17.2]| I11}704.5] 37.4 -O} §7.6)| 231/217.5] 77.8]| 291/274.0] 98.0 52] 49.0] 17.5|| 112]105.4] 37.7 -9| 57-9] 232(218.4] 72.2|| 2921274.9] 98.4 53| 49-9] 17-9|| 113]106.4! 38.1 9} 58.3]| 233|219.4] 78.5 293|275+9 98 7 §4| 50.8] 18.2]| 114]107.3] 38.4 3.8] 58.6]| 234|220.3] 78.8]] 294/276.8] 99.0 55| 51.8} 18.5]| 115|108.3] 38.7 8] 59.0]] 235/221.3| 79.2] 2951277-71 99.4 56| 52.7] 18.9]| 116]109.2] 39.1 -7| 59-3]| 230|222.2] 79.5]] 296/278.7| 99.7 57| 53-7] 19.2|| I17|110.2]) 39.4 .6) 59.6] 237/223.1] 79.31 297|279.6]100.1 58] 54.6] 19.5]| I18|II1.1| 39.7 .6] 60.0}} 238]224.1| 80.2]) 298]280.6]100,4 §9] 55-5} 19.9]] I1g}t12.0] 40.1]] 179}168.5] 60.3]| 239]225.0| 80.5]} 299]281,5}100.7 60| 56.5] 20.2!| 120|113.0| 40.4] 180|169.5] 60.6|| 240]226.0) 80.8]] 300}282.5}101.1 Dist| Dep.} Lat. ||Dist] Dep.| Lat. ||Dist| Dep.| Lat. ||Dist] Dep.| Lat. |}Dist]| Dep.j Lat. TABLE J. | Difference ot Latitude and Departure for 2 Pomts.. Dep.||Dist| Lat. > eae e e . ° . © e O And Ctr HATES 50.9 un iS) NAb Of ONY 69.3 69.7 70. 70.4 40.8 71.2 71.6 71.9 72.3 <5) 72.7 Dep.||Dist} Lat.} Dep. oe oe es | a ns er ed pee | ee ——— WAN}222.7 2421223 .6 243)224.5 244/225 04 2451226.4 246|427 «3 2.471228 .2 2.48}229.1 2.49}230.1 250|231.0 251 gt 2521232. 253|233-7 254)734-7 2551235 .6 2.56|236.5 257|237 «4 258|238.4] 98.7 259)239-3) 99.1 2.60}240.2] 99.5 92.2 92 6 93.0 93-4 93.8 94.1 94-5 94.9 95-3 95-7 96.1 96.4 96.8 97.2 97.6 98.0 98.4 ee eee, | | i | Of tf | | ee. |e | | NL | | | | wn wm O DIO MN HATH O tn © POM H~TWHO An 261}241.1] 99.9 2.621242 .1|100.3 2.63}243 .0|100.6 2.64|243.9|I01.0 2.651244 .8/1OI.4 266|245 .8|101.8 2.67|246.7|102.2 268/247 .6|/102.6 2.69|248 .5}102.9 270|249 «5|103.3 2.71|250.4|/103.7 292/251 .3/104.1 273|252.2/T04.5 274|253.1/104.9 275|254.1/105.2 276/255 .0]105.6 277|255.9|/106.0 2.78|256.8}106.4 279|257 .8|106.8 280]258.7/107.2 —$— | — $$$ | ——______ | | —__—___ | ——————___ | -—————— | | —————— | ——___—__| - —_____ | / —— —— | ff ef eee] nN &o e e . e ° . . . . . mMATOOOtn HH COBO A as | ee Ss ee | ee ees 8 Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. I] 00.9 56.4) 23.3]| 121/111.8 2) O1.8 3]. 23.7]) 122/212.9 3] 02.8 .21 24.1] 123/113.6 4) 03.7 24.5]| 124/114.6 5| 04.6 24.9]] 125/T15.5 6] 05.5 25.3]] 126|116.4 "| 06.5 25.6]| 127|117.3 81 07.4 26.0}] 128/118 .3 9g} 08.3 26,4|| 129]/119.2 To] 09.2 26.8|| 130|/120.1 II} 10.2 27.2|| 131/121.0 12} II.1 6] 132/122.0 13} 12.0 .Q|] 133}122.9 14] 12.9 .3i| 134/123.8 15 13:9 71 135|124.7 16] 14. «I|| 136/125.7 17| 15.7 .5|| 137/126.6 18] 16.6 .9|| 133]127.5 19] 17.6 ai] 139]128.4 20! 18.5 .6|| T40]129.3 a1] 19.4 Ol] 141]130.3 22) 20.3 4|] 142]131.2 23) 21.3 .8]| 143/132. 24| 22.2 .1]] 144]133.0 25| 23.1 .5i| 145|134.0 26] 24.0 .9|] 146]134.9 27) 24.9 -3]] 147/135.8 28] 25.9 .7|| 148]136.7 29| 26,8 1] 149/137.7 RO) 27 64 .4|] 1§0/138.6 31| 28.6 8]] 151|139.5 32| 29.6 .2|| 152|140.4 33] 30.5 .6|| 153/141.4 34) 31.4 O}] 154/142.3 35] 3243 Al) 155/143.2 36] 33.3 .7|| 156|144.1 37) 34-2 .1|| 157/145. 38} 35-1 .5|| 158|146.0 39| 36.0 .9|| 159]146.9 40) 37-0 .3|| 160]147.8 41 ohne .7|| 161|148.7 42) 38. .O|] 162/149.7 43) 39-7 .4|| 163/150.6 44| 40.6 .8|| 164/151.5 45| 41.6 .2|| 165|152.4 46] 42.5 .6|| 166]153.4 47| 43.4 .Ol| 197/154. 3 48] 44.4 3|| 168/155 .2 49} 45.3 .7|| 169/156.1 50] 40.2 -I|] 170/157.1 51| 47.1 .5|| 171|158.0 52} 48.0 -gi| 172|158. 53} 49.0 o2|| 173/159. 54] 49.9 43.6]) 174|160.8 55] 50.8 44.0} 175|161.7 56] 51.7 44.4|| 176|162.6 57| 52-7 44.8]] 177|163.5 53) 53.6 45.2|| 178]164.5 59} 54-5 45.5] 179|165.4 60] 55-4 45.9)| 180]166.3 Dist] Dep.| Lat. |/Dist| Dep.| Lat. ||Dist Dep. lox ON O An OF 293|270.7/112.1 294|271.6/112.5 «gl 295/272 5|112.9 296|273.5|113.3 2.97|274.41113.7 298|275 .3|I14.0 2.99}276.2)114.4 300|277.21114.8 oe — —— | —_—_—_——_ ee | ee | J SS | —— |] | | —— ———— ff — | ————_——_ ] | — | — for 6 Points. Lat. | Dep.||Dist TABLE I. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 2} Points. Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. ef errr fete |b | ee | a ff a | mf mf ff cc | | cere | ee | cee ee 00.4 00.9 00.9 O1.8 02.7 03.6 04.5 05.4 os 07.2 08.1 09-0 Cd ee ee ee ee es | es es ee | ee ee | — og. Io. Ir.8 12.7 13.6 14.5 15.4 16.3 17.2 18.1 55 56. 57: 57: 58. tn so Ww BRM QA~ COO O O em | | ee | | ee | 19.0 19.9 20.8 21.7 22.6 23-5 24.4 25.3 26.2 Lon! mn S20) Ge DS SD 2 Es a eR PP ew PD COD OM g 81.4 oo nN hu Qn CO O 4H ND aS ioe) S&S SU Dm? COO O 4 WD id “I~ oneal Mm NAAN COO OF DD 5b Lal 00d O tn ——_ | | — | ——_ | -— 181|163.6 182|164.5 183]165 .4 184|166.3 185|167.2 186/168 .1 187|169.0 188|16y.9 189/170. TQO|I7I. ~I ~I - oo e) YN COOP Ot H~IGD CO IQ1|172.7 192|173.6 193|174-5 194|175.4] 83 195|176.3] 83. 196/177 .2 197|178.1 198|179.0 199|179. aol Q201|181.7 202|182.6 203|183.5 204|184.4 205]185.3 206]186.2 207|187.1 ied ah 209/188. peed he 2I1j190.7 412/191 .6 213|192.6 214/193 -5 215|194.4 216/195 .3 217/196.2 I fo) 9 Coo in e e . e e e e e e . . e e e . e e e . COPWO HTD COPS [MN HTD COL OM Hay 218|197. 219/198, 2.20|198. | | me | | a | a | | S| — | SS fl S| DS SC | oO bOMAATD COL OM Ne} in tn Da COO O HWY S&S > ES ODHDn ODOM OO AN 221|199.8 222|200.7 223/201 .6 224|202.5 2.25|203.4 226|204 . 3 2.271205.2 228|206.1 2.29}207 .0 2.30|207 «9 241/217 .9|103.0 242/218 .8/103.5 2.43|219.7/103.9 2.44|220.6]104.3 251|226.9|107.3 252|227.8/107.8 257|23223|109.9 258/233 .2/110.3 259|234.1/110,7 260/235 O|TII.2 279|252.2/119.3 280|253.I|I19.7 _—_— | - -—<——<—<— | ——————— | | ——— | | | | | | | | SS — | | | — | » o> ¢ “In CPOMN H~TI DN CO ———— | — —_—_——- | ———— | | ——_ | — | — | | — | — | | | | | — | | ———_S al AY - | (e) wo OO A HNL 119|107.6 120|108.5 b co . . . . e . . . O Av ~TwWOMN 121|109.4] 51.7 122|/110.3] 52.2 I23/111.2| 52.6 124|I12.1} 53.0 125]113.0] 53.5 126|113.9] 53.9 127|114.8] 54.3 T28/115.7| 54.7 129|116.6] 55.2 130|117.5| 55.6 131|118.4] 56.0 132|119.3] 56.4 133|120.2] 56.9 134|121.1] 57.3 135|122.0] 57.7 #30/127-9 538.2 137|123.8] 58.6 138]124.7| 59.0 139}€25.7] 59.4 140|126.6] 59.9 141|127.5}| 60.3 142|128.4] 60.7 143/129.3] 61.2 144|130.2] 61.6 145|131.1| 62.0 146|132.0| 62.4 147|132.9| 62.9 148]133.8| 63.3 149|134.7| 63.7 150|135.6] 64.1 151|/136.5| 64.6 152|137.4| 65.0 15 3|138.3| 65.4 154|139.2| 65.9 155|140.1| 66.3 156|141,0) 66,7 157|141.9| 67.1 158|142.8| 67.6 159|143.7| 68.0 160|144.6] 68.4 161/145.5| 68.8 162|146.4] 69.3 163|147.3| 69.7 164|148.3] 70.1 165|149.2| 70.6 166|150.1] 71.0 167|151.0] 71.4 168|151.9| 71.8 169|152.8] 72.3 170|15§3-.7| 72.7 171|154.6| 73.1 172|155.5| 73.6 173|156.4] 74.0 174)157+3) 74.4 175|1§3.2] 74.8 176|159.1| 75-3 177|160.0) 75.7 178|160.9} 76,1 179|161 8] 76.5 180|162.7| 77.0 Dist] Dep.| Lat. |}Dist] Dep.| Lat. ||Dist] Dep. B 231/208 .8 232/209 .7 233|210.6 234|/21I. 235/212. 2301213. 237/214, 2|101.3 238/215 .1|101.8 2.39|216.1|/102.2 2.40|217 -0/102.6 299|270, 300/271. 2/123 ..3 Lat. |}Dist| Dep.| Lat. ||Dist] Dep.| Lat. for 5 3 Points. 16 oe ees | ef | ef ef | ff | | | | | | | | —— | — TABLE I. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 2 4 Points. Dist} Lat.| Dep. Dist| Lat. Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep. Dist| Lat. Dep.| Dist} Lat.| Dep. I 61 28.8]| 121|106.7| 57.0 5-3] 241/212.51113.6 2 29.2|| 122]/107.6] 57.5 85.8!) 242/213.4] 114.1 3 29.7|| 123|108.5] 538.0 6.3] 243/214.3/114.6 4 30.2|| 124/109.4] 58.4 6.7|| 244/215.2|115.0 5 30.6]| 125|110.2] 58.9 7.2|| 245/216. 1/115.5 6 3I.1|| T26]111.1} 59.4 7.7\| 2461217 .0]r16,0 4 31.6|| 127|112.0] 59.9 8.1|| 247/217.8]116.4 8 32.1]] 128|112.9] 60.3 88.6]! 248]218.7|/116.9 9 32.5|| 129]113.8] 60.8 89.1] 249]219.6]117.4 O 33-0]] I30|114.7| 61.3 89.6 250]220.5]117. 33-5]] IZ1|/L15.5| 61.7 gO.O]] 251/221.4/118.5 33-9] 132]116.4] 62.2 9O.5]| 252/222. 2/118.8 34.4] 133/117.3] 62.7 QI.0|| 253/223.1|119.3 34.9]| 134/118.2) 63.2 QI.4|| 254|224.0]119.7 35-4|| 135|119.1| 63.6 QI .9|| 255]224.9]120.2 35.8]| 136]119.9} 64.1 92 4|| 256/225 .8]/120.7 36.3|| 137|120.8] 64.6 92.9|| 257|226.7|121.1 36.8]| 138]121.7| 65.0 93.3]| 258/227.5|121.6 37.2|| 139|122.6] 65.5 93.8]] 259]228.4]122,1 37.7|1 L40|123-5 é 94.3]| 260/229. 3|122.6 4) 38.2/| 141/124.4 as 94-7|| 261/230.2]123.0 3) 38.6] 142/125.2) 66. 2l! 2621231.1/123.5 2) 39.11] 143/126. 4 .7|| 263/231.9/124.0 Ab .6|| 144]127.0 9 .2|| 264/232.8/124.4 .O} 40.1|} 145|127.9] 68.3 .6]| 2651233.7/124.9 5.9] 40.5|] 146]128.3} 68.8 .1|| 266/234.6]125.4 .7| 41.0]| 147|129.6] 69.3 .6]| 2671235 .5/125.9 6] 41.5]| 148]130.5 8 .O|] 268/236, 4/126. 3 i .9|] I49/131.4] 70.2 .5|| 269/237.2/126.8 4 Al] 150]132-3 4 -O|] 270]238.1/127.3 .3| 42.9] 151/133.2] 71.2 .5|| 271|239.0]127.7 I] 43.4|| 152]134.1| 71.6 .9|| 272]239.9]128.2 .O] 43.8]] 153/134.9] 72.1 .4|| 273/240.8]128.7 9 -3}| 154/135.8 .6 Qi] 274/241.7/129.2 i .8]] 155/136.7| 73.1 .3|| 275/242.5]129.6 7 i] 156/137.6] 73.5 .8|| 276/243.4/130.1 6] 45.7|| 157|138.5] 74.0 .3|| 277/244. 3/130.6 4 .2|| 158]139.3 25 .8]] 2731245 ..2/131.0 3} 46.7|| 1§9]140.2] 74.9 .2|| 279]/246,1]131.5 21 47.1|| L60\141.1| 75.4 .7|| 280]246.9/132.0 89.1] 47.6]| 161]142.0] 75.9 .2|| 281/247 .8]132.5 go.0} 48.1|| 162/142.9] 76.4 6] 282/248 .7/132.9 90.8] 48.5|| 163/143.8] 76.8 .I}| 283/249.6/133.4 91.7] 49.0] 164|144.6] 77.3 .6|| 284]250.5|133.9 92.6] 49.5]] 165|145.5| 77.8 .I|} 285]251.4]134.3 93-5] 50.0]| 166/146.4] 73.2 .5|| 286/252.2/134.8 94.4] 50.4]| 167|147.3] 78.7 Ol] 287/253.1/135 3 95-3} 50.9]] £68/148.2] 79.2 1]107.5|| 288/254.0/135.8 96.1] §1.4]| 169/149.0] 79.7 o}107 .g|| 289]254.9]136.2 97.0] §1.8]| 170/149.9] 80.1 8]108.4]] 290]25§.81136.7 III} 97.9] 52.3|| I71|150.8] 80.6 203.7|108.9]| 291]256.6/137.2 112] 98.8) 52.8] 172/151.7] 81.1]| 232/204.6|109.4]| 2921257.5|137.6 113] 99-7] 53-3|| 173/152-6] 81.5]| 233]205.5|109.8]| 293/258.41138.1 TI4]100.5] 53.71] 174/153-5| 82.0]| 234/2060.4/110.3]| 294/259. 3|138.6 TIS|IOL.4] 54.2]| 175|154-3] 82.5]} 235)207.3/110.8]| 2951260. 2/139.1 4) 116}102.3] §4.7]] 176/155.2| 83.0] 236/208.1/111.2]|| 296/261.1/139.5 I17|103.2] 58.1|| 177|156.1! 83.41] 237/209.0l111.7]| 297|/261.g|149,.0 118]/104.1| 55.6] 178/157.0] 83.9]] 238]209.9]112.2]| 298|262.8)140. 5 TIQIO§.0] 56.2]] 179]157.9] 84.41, 239]210.8]112.7|| 299|263.7/140.9 T201105.8] 56.6]| 180/158.8] 84.6]] 240]2I1.7/113.1]| 300/264.6)141.4 ewes | ee | ee ee | | | .| Lat. ||Dist Dep. Lat. Dist] Dep.| Lat, ||Dist| Dep.| Lot. for 53 Points. TABLE I. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 2 2 Points. il Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.j|Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist} Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat.| Dep m4 Ee COn? Ctr BOO HP II 00.9 O1.7 02.6 03.4 04.3 05.1 06,0 06.9 07.7 00.5 OI.0 O1.5 02.1 02.6 03.1 03.6 04.1 04.6 08.6] 05.1 09.4 10,3 II.2 12,0 ce) Onn ~ (e) ~I . . . . . e . . e wow yw Ps Dh 26.2 ae 61 62 52.3 53-2 II7|190,4 TI8|toO1r. 2 IIg}{02.1 12C|102.9 31.4|| 121|103.8 31-9 32.4 32-9 33-4 4I.1 BSS > Hw NNN Ns YP A 46.8 122|104.6 123|105.5 124|106.4 125|107.2 126|108.1 127|108.9 128|109.8 129|110.6 62.21) 181]155.3 62:7 63.2 63.7 64.3 64.8 65.3 65.8 66,3 182|156.1 183|157.0 184|157.8 185|158.7 186]159.5 187|160,.4 188|161.2 189|162,1 93.6 94.1 94.6 95-1 95.6 96.1 96.6 97-2 93.Ol] 241|206.7]123.9 2.42|207.6|124.4 2.43|208.4|124.9 244/209. 3/125 .4 245|210.1/125 .9 246/211 .0/126.5 247)211.9|127.0 2.48}/212.7|127.5 249)213.6/128.0 IZ0|1T1.5| 66.8]] 190]163.0] 97-7|] 250/214.4/128.5 ——— | | 139/119 140|120 141|120. 142|121. 143/122. 144]123. La] &> wn + ms PI ws oS . . e . e- . e eb HH QOO HNH H ANS tn Lal i) - ee e« . e “ ©& “I COO Hb BUNsT COO 1§1|129.5 1§2]/130.4 153|131.2 154|132.1 1§5|132.9 156/133. 157|134-7 158/135.5 159/136.4 160|137.2 ORO RO 191|163.8) 98.2 192|164.7| 98.7 193/165.5| 99.2 194|166.4] 99.7 195|167.3}100.2 196|168.1/100.8 197|169 0/101 ,3 198]169.8/10r.8 199|170.7|102.3 72.0]| 200/171.5]/102.8 201|172.4|103.3|| 261/223.9]134.2 ee ee ee ioOo~wryNsT Ns YNnsT a OH co nn oo 161/138.5 162/138.9 163|139.8 164|I40.7 165|I41.5 166|142.4 171|146.7 172/147 .5 173/148.4 174|149.2 175|150.1 176|151.0 177/151.8 178]152.7 179)153+5 180]15§4.4 co wn . . . e > . . . e HO B COL. COW COLD D 87. —_—_—— || —___. 2021173 .3/103.8 203]174.1|104.4 204175 .0}104.9 205|175 .8}105.4 206|176, 7/105 .9 207|177,5|106.4 208|178 .4|106.9 209|179.2|107.4 251|215.3|129.0 252/216.1/129.5 25 3|217.0|130.1 254/217 .9|/130.6 255|218.7|131.1 256|219.6|131.6 257|220.4/132,1 258/221 .3/132.6 259|222.1/133.1 2.60|223 .0]133.7 2.62|224.7|134.7 263/225 .6/135.2 2.64|226.4|135.7 265/227 .3|136.2 266|228,2|136 7 2.671229 .0]137.3 268/229 .9|137.8 2.69]230.7|138.3 210]/180.1/108.0]] 270/231.6/138.8 nd .O/T08 .5 219|187. 220|188. 271/232.4|139.3 27 2)233.3|139.8 2.73}234.2|140.3 2'74|235 .O|140.9 275|235 9|L41.4 276|236.71T41 .g 277/237 .0|142.4 2.781238 4/1429 279/239 + 3|143.4 — | ———_—j qu! | —_ | —__..... 221/189. 2.22\190. QU3Z\I9I.: 224/192. 231|198.1|118.8 232/199 O/1T9.3 233|199.8|119.8 2.34|200.7|120.3 2.35|201 .0|120.8 2.36|/202.4/121.3 237|203.3|L21.8 2381204.1)122.4 2391205 .O]122.9 9.40|205 .9|123.4 281|241.0|144.5 282/241 .9|145.0 283}242.7/145 65 284/243 .6|146.0 285|244.4/146.5 286/245 .3|147.0 287|246.2/14"7 § 2.838/247 .clT48 1 289|247 .9|148.6 290}248.7|149.1 291|249.6/149.6 2.92|250.5|150.1 293|251.3|/150.6 294/252. 2115141 295|253 .O|L§1.7° 296/253.9/152.2 297|254.7|15207 298/255 .6/153.2 299/256.5/153.7 300/257 +3|154-2 Dist| Dep.| Lat. ||Dist} Dep.| Lat. ||Dist] Dep.| Lat. ||Dist| Dep.| Lat. |/Dist| Dep.| Lat, for 53 Points, B2 me fn | | | ee | | ————— | | |) | | | | —— | ————__] | ——_—__ | ——————_ 33-9 34.4 35.0 35.0 30.1 36.7 37 «2 37.8 38 .3 30-9 BOw CONnUIHAOD O ROW con WHS ~ TABLE f. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 3 Points. 121/100,6 122|L01.4 123|102.3 124/103 .1 125/103.9 126|104.8 127|105 .6 128/106.4 129|107 .3 130/108 .1 131|108.9 132|109.7 133|110.6 134/111 .4 135/1I2.2 136/113.1 151/125. 152/126. 1§3|127. 154/128, 161/133. 162/134. 163/135. 164/136. 165/137. 166/138. 167/138. 163/139. 169|140. I7O|14I. SoI~TO O VY HUNT vd 171/142. 172|143.0 173|143.8 174|144.7 175|145.5 176/146,3 177|147 .2 178)148,0 179|148.8 Dist| Lat I| 00.8] 00.6]| 61] 50.7 2) OL."| OI.I|| 62) 51.5 3) 02.5] OL.7|] 63) 52.4 4} 03.3] 02.2)/ O64) 53.2 5| 04.2] 02.8]] 65] 54.0 6] 05.0] 03.3]| 66) 54.9 7| 05.8] 03.9) 671 55 7 8} 06.7]}.04.4]| 68] 56.5 9} 07.5] O5.0]] 69) 57.4 To} 08.3] 05.6]| 7o} 58.2 II] o¢ 1] 06.1]] 71] 59.0 12] 10,0] 06.7|| 72] 59.9 13] 10,8] 07.2]| 73] 60.7 14| 11.6] 07.8]| 74] 61.5 15} 12,5] 08.3]] 75] 62.4 16] 13.3] 08.9]] 76! 63.2 17| 14.1] 09.4|| 77] 64.0 18] 15.0] 10.0]] 78} 64.8 19] 15.8} 10.6]| 79} 65.7 20] 16.6] I1.1|| 80] 66.5 QI} 17.5] I1.7|| 81| 67.3 22) 18.3] 12.2]| 82] 68.2 93] 19.1] 12.8]| 83] 69.0 24] 20.0] 13.3]} 84] 69.8 25} 20.8] 13.9]] 85] 79.7 26] 21.6] 14.4]} 86] 71.5 271 22.4| 15.01] 87) 72.3 28] 23.31 15.6]| 88] 73.2 29] 24.1] 16.t]| 8g] 74.0 _ 30} 24-9 16.7|| gol 74.8 31| 25.8] 17.2 I] 75-7 32| 26.6) 17.8 a 78.5 33| 27-4] 18.3]| 93] 77-3 34] 28.3) 18.9]| 94] 78.2 35| 29.1] 19.4]| 95] 79.0 36] 29.9] 20.0]) 96) 79.8 37| 30.3] 20.6)! 97} 80.6 38] 31.6] 21.1]| 98] 81.5 39| 32.4] 21.7]] 99) 82.3 40] 33.3] 22-2] Too} 83.1 Al] 34.1| 22.8]! ror} 84.0 42] 34.9] 23.3]| 102) 84.8 43| 35.8] 23.9]] 103] 85.6 44| 36.6] 24.4]| 104] 86.5 A5| 37-4) 25.0] 105} 87.3 46} 38.2] 25.6]| 106] 88.1 47| 39.1| 26.1]} 107} 89.0 48] 39.9] 26.7]| 108} 89.8 49] 40.7| 27.2]! 109} 90.6 50] 41.6] 27.8} 110] 91.5 51] 42.4] 28.3]] III] 92.3 52] 43.2] 28.9]| 112] 93.1 §3| 44.1] 29.4|] 113] 94.0 54| 44.9] 30.0]] 114] 94.8 55] 45-7] 30.6] 115] 95.6 56) 46.6) 31.1]| 116] 96.4 57) 47-4] 31-7|| 117) 97.3 53] 48.2) 32.2)| 118] 98.1 59| 49.1} 32.8|| II9] 98.9 60] 49.9] 33-3|| 120] 99. 180|149.7|100.0 . | Dep.||Dist} Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep. 41. a0. 4%. DTH DO BOWS dn OH CONN HH NO HOW] WOHY™~ SH AO POW CO Oh COR HAORDO — | | ———. — BOS De -TH AOR 99.4 ‘IDist} Dep. Lat. ||Dist! Dep.| Lat. ||Dist| Dep.| Lat. 181|150.5|100.6 182|151.3/101.1 183]152.2/101.7 184]1§3.0]102.2 185/15 3.8|102.8 186|154.6]103.3 187/155 .5]103.9]| 188]156.3|104.4 189]157.1]105 .0 TQO}T58.0]105 .6 191|158.8|106.1 “451 208.7 192]159.6)106.7 193}160,5|107.2 194|161.3|107.8 195|162.1|108.3 196|163 .0|108.9 197|163.8|109.4 198}164.6}110.0 199]165 .5]110.6 200|166.3/111.1 901|167. 111.7]! 261/217.0]145.0 | 202/168 .0]112.2 203/168 .8]112.8 204|169.6]113.3 205|170.4/113.9 206]/171.3/114.4 207|172.1|L15.0 208]172.9|115.6 209]173.8|116.1 210|174.6/116.7 -_—___o—o | |) | | | | | | | | | Q11|L75.4]117.2 212{176.3|117.8 213|177.1/118.3 214]177.9|118.9 215]178.8|119.4 216/179.6|120.0 217|180,4|120.6 218/181 .3|121.1 219|182.1/121.7 220\182.9]122.2 2.211183.7|122.8 9.221184 .6|123.3 22.3)185 .4|123.9 224|186,2)/124.4 2.25|187 1/125 .0 2.2.6]187 .9|125 .6 2.27|188.7|126.1 228/189 .6|126.7 229]190,4|127.2 2Z0|191.2]127.8 2.31|192.1}128.3 2321192.9|128.9 233/193 -7|129-4 234/194 .6|130.0 235|195 .4}130.6 2.36|196.2)131.1 237)197 «1/1317 238/197 .Q132.2 239|198.7|132 8 2401199 + 5/133 +3 Dist| Lat: ———_———- | —— —_| | ———_ Dep. 241]200.4}133.9 242/201 .21134.4 2.43|202.0}135 .0 2.44}202.91135.6 245}203.7}136.1 2.46}204.5}136.7 247|}205 41137 .2 248\206, 2/137 .8 2.49|207 .0/138 .3 250}207 .9|138.9 139-4 2.52|209.§|140.0 453|210.4|140.6 254|/211.2|141.1 255|212.0]141.7 256)212.9/142.2 2571213.7|142.8 258/214.5)143.3 | 259) 215 .3)143.9 | 260]216.2|144.4 | 262/217 .8|145.6 263}218.7|146.1 264|219.5|146.7 | 265|220.3|147.2 266|221.2|147.8 267)222.0|148.3 268]222,8/148.9 269}223.7|149.4 271/225 .3|150.6 272/226. 2/1511 27.3227 .O|151.7 274|227 .8|152.2 275|228.6/152.8 276)229 .5/153.3 277|239.3}153-9 2731231 ,1}154.4 279]232,01155.0 | 280 232.81155-6 281|233.6|156.1 2821234.5|156.7 2831235 .3/157.2 284)230.11157.8 2851237 .O|158.3 286)2.27 .8|158.9° 287/238 .6)159.4 288]239.5|160.0 289|240.3|160.6 290|241.1|161«1 2.91}242.0]161.7 292/242.8|162.2 293|243.6)162.8 294|244.4|163.3 2951245 .3|163.9 2.96|246.1|164.4 297|2.46.9|165 .0 298|247 .8|165 .6 2.99|248 .6)166.1 300|249.4]166.7 Dist] Dep.| Lat. |{Dist} Dep.| Lat. for 5 Points. | |Dist} Lat. | Dep. ——— OO CONTI Qu hod bP Dist! Lat. | Dep.{|Dist “7 oh) “3 . . . . . ° . . . . . . . . . . e . . . UMm~TO WDA O IO ONTO ROO OO DOR OY AQCHOS Cn AO ON TABLE I. CAO HwOUAIO OO} mH Oo Un ATWO WO [ONTO OW OM NTO oO OD On AO Or , e e e e ° ° ee . . e e WN FHONOOn wu CO Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep. 181|i45.4/107.8 182/146. 2/108. 183/147 .O]T09. 184/147 .8}L09. 185/148 .6|I10. 186/149.4]110. 187|150.2|/111. D AOR OYA OB COPY AOR 198/159.0/118. 1y9/159.8]118.5 200|160.6|119.1 — or .80r9 O OS 035 er sre + ht On SO GO NT a a a ee ee eee ee (nO Gon ONO Hm 221177 .5|131.7 222/178. 3|132.2 2.23|179.1/132.8 224/179 -9/133-4 2.25|180.7|134.0 226/181 .5|134.6 227|182.3/135.2 22.8}183.1|135.8 229/183 .9|136.4 Difference of Latitude and Departure for 3} Points. Pst) Lat. 258/207. . 259/208 ,0}154.3 | | 260/208 .8]15§4.9 201 Ot +d IIg.7|| 261|209.6]155.5 -4/156.1 -21156.7 .O1157.3 .81157.9 .61158.5 .5|159.1 .3)159.6 .1/160,2 .9/160.8 -7|161.4 -5|162.0 -3|162.6 1/163.2 .9/163.8 »7|164.4 27'7|2.22.5|EO5 0 278/223 3/165 .6 279|224.1|166,2 2801224.9/166.8 7/167 .4 -5|168.0 3/168 6 1169.2 .9|169.8 -7\170.4 .5|£71.0 3/171 .6 289}232.1|172.2 2.30|184.7/137.0|| 290/232.9]172.8 — 2.31|185.5|137.6 232|186.3/138.2 233|187.1|138.8 2.34|187 .9|139.4 2.35|188.8]140.0 236|189.6|140.6 237|190.4|141.2 238|191.2|141.8 239|L92.0]142.4 240]192.8|143.0 ol 233 -7|173 +3 293|235-3|174-5 294|236.1/175.1 295/236.9/175.7 296/237 .7|/176.3 2971238 .5|176.9 298|239.4|177.5 299)240.2/178.1 300|241.0|178 7 Dist Dep.| Lat. ||Dist Dep.| Lat. ||Dist] Dep.) Lat. ||Dist| Dep.| Lat. ||Dist| Dep.| Lat. } for 42 Points. 1 14 Dist} Lat. 1} 00.8 2} O1.5 3] 02.3 4] 03.1 5} 93.9 6} 04,6 7| 05.4 8] 06,2 9} 07.0 10] 07.7 II| 08. 12} 09. 5 3 I 8 6 4 I g 7 5 45.6 2 46.4 Oe nl es toe ee eae at . ¢ TABLE I. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 3 4 Points. Lat. | Dep.||Dist 47.1 47.9 48.7 49-5 a1 OF COHtND De 1 BD hos Crd ek en . e . e . . e e e . e . e . . . o . . ° > . . . o . . ° e . ST HH COD MOW DOP HN COND DH COH MnO YN DOL ¢ wun On PAO FH NOOO NUEIDZTO NDAD OW MO PR ACOH we ee 0,1 Dre THs. eros NNO WD DAO W wd tale Lie a Sete ee CON PB sO TWH AS 38.7 39.3 Pena ie er eee Weel CHO YP QAOwWIH ob QOwWNWOd “To etn CON OO ~~ Bb ONNOwH AO 180|139. WAIO WB ACOH OD DBO HER QACOOM . | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist} Lat. | Dep. N OmnOn COOWN HPS COn DO Wns Of OH RW DOwS AOR WHA 181/139 .9|114.8 182/140.7|115.5 183|/141.5]116.1 184]142.2|116.7 185]143 -O|117 «4 186|143.8]118.0 187/144. 5|118.6 188/145 .3]119.3 189)146,1/11,9.9 190|146.9]120.5 IQI|147.6|121.2 192|148.4]121.8 193|149.2|122.4 198|153.1|125. 199]153.8/126 200|154.6]126. QO1}1§5.4|127. 202|156.1]128. ob AOtS 204|157.7/129. 205}158.5|130. 206|159.2|130. 207|160.0|131. 2081160, 8/132. 209/161 .6)132. 210/162. 3/133. 211/163 412/163. 213/164. Q14}165. 215|166, peau eet 217|167, 218 |168, a19|169. 2.20|170 221|170 Q22jt7I. 223/172, 2241173. 225)173 2.26|174 227|175.51144 228)176, 21144. 229|177.O|145. 230|177 8/145 2.31|178.6|146. 232/179 .3}147- 2.33|180.1|147. 234|180.9]148. 235|181.7|149. 236/182.4]149. 237|183.21150 2.38|184.O}1§1 2.39|184.7|I51. 240|185.5]152. . . ° ° . . ° . . e . e . ° . OW AO HPT HN COD |] NOW OB OHMNDOIDN DAOWN OP CRM DO AOWn HP CONN 942/187 .11153.5 243|187.8]154.2 244|188.6]154.8 2.45|189.4|155.4 246|130.2|156.1 247|190.9]156.7 248|I91.7]157.3 249|192.5]158.0 _250]193.2)158.6 251/194.0}159.2 252|194.8]159.9 2§3/195.6|160.5 254|196.2|161.1 255|197.1|161.8 256/197 .9]162.4 257|198.7|163.0 258]199.4|163.7 2.59|200.2|164.3 2.60]20T .0]164.9 262|}202.5|166.2 263}203.3|166.8 264|204.1|167.5 265|204.8/168 .1 2.66|205 .6|168.7 267/206, 4|169.4 2.68]207 ,2|170.0 269|207 .9|170.6 270/208. 7/1713 471/209 +5)171.9 2721210. 31172.6 273/211 .O|173. 274/211 .8|173.8 275|212.61174 § 276|213.3|175.1 a77|214.1|175.7 278]214.9]176.4 2791215. abolaxb. 281|217. 282/218. 283/218. 284/219. 285|220. 286)221. 2871221. 9838)222, 289/223. 201|224. 2)2]225 « 293]220. : 300]231.g]I90.3 Lat. ||Dist] Dep.| Lat. |/Dist| Dep.| Lat. ||Dist] Dep.| Lat. |}Dist] Dep.| Lat. for 43 Points. TABLE I. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 3 2 Points. 1d Dist| Lat. | Dep.||/Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist I 45.2] 41.0]] 121} 89.6 = 181|134.1|121.5]] 241/178.6|161.8 2 45.9] 41.6]| 122] 90.4] 81.9]] 182]134.8)122.2]| 242/179. 3|/162.5 3 46.7] 42.3]| 123) 91.1] 82.6]] 183/135.6]122.g]] 243]/180.0]163.2 4 47.4] 43.0]] 124) 91.9] 83.3]] 184]136.3/123.6]| 244/180.8/163.8 5 48.2] 43.6]| 125] 92.6) 83.9]] 185/137.1]124.2]| 245]181.5]164.5 6 48.9] 44.3 ; ..6}| 186/137.8]124.9]| 246]182.3/165.2 7 49.6) 45.0 .3|| 187]/138. 6/125 .6]| 247/183 .0]165.9 8 50.4] 45.7 .O|] 188/139. 3]126.2]| 248]183.81166. 5 9 51.1} 46.3 .6|| 189]140,0]126.9]] 249|184.5]167.2 fe) 51.9] 47-0 3] Igo]140.8]127.6]] 250]185.21167.9 52.6] 47.7 IQI|I41.5]128.3]| 251|186.01168.5 53-3] 48.: 192]142.3]128.9]| 2521186.7/169.2 54.1] 49. 193|143.0]129.6)| 253/187.5|169.9 54.8 : 194]143.7|130.3]] 254|188.2]170.6 55.6] 50. 195|144.5]130.9]| 255)138.g]171.2 56.3 ; 196|145 .2/131.6]| 256/189.7/177.9 57.0} 51. 197|146.0]132.3]] 257/190.4/172.6 57.8] 52. 198|146.7/133.0]] 258/191.2/173.2 58.5] 53. 199/147 .4]133.6]] 259/191.9]173.9 59-3 : 200}148.2]134.3]] 260{192.6]174.6 60.0} 54. 201|148 .g]135.0 60.8]955. 202|149.7|135.6 61.5 203/150. 4/136. 3 62.2 204|151.1|137.0 63.0 205/151 .9/137.7 63.7 206|152.6]133.3 64.5 2071153.4|/139.0 65.2 208]154.1/139.7 65.9 209]154.9|140.3 66.7 2I0|15§5-6]141.0 67.4 211/156.3/141.7 68.2 Q12/157.1|142.4 68.9 213]157.8|143.0 69.6 214/158.6/143.7 70.4 215/159.3|144.4 yi ie 216|160,0]/145.0 71.9 217/160.8]145.7 72.6 .1|| 218]161.5|/146.4 o hei 159]117.8|106.8]] 219/162. 3/147 .1 74.1 160]118.5]107.4]} 220]163.0]147.7 74.8 IOI|L19.3/108.1]| 221]163.7/148.4 75.6 162]120.0|708.8]| 222/164.5]149.1 76.3 263]120.8]109.5]} 223/165.2/149.7 ly yea T64|121.5|110.1|| 224]166.0]/150.4 77.8 165]122.3/110.8]] 225/166.7/151.1 78.5 166}123.0}TII.5|| 226)167.4|151.8 79.3 167|123.7|112.1|| 227|168.2/152.4 80.0 168]124.5|112.8]| 228/163 .9]153.1 80.8 169}125 .2/113.5|] 229|169.7|/153.8 81.5 170]126.0]114.2]| 230/170.4]154.5 82.2 171}126.7/114.8]} 231/171. 2/155.1 83.0 172j127.4|IT5.5|] 232/171.9|155.8 83.7 173}128.2|116,2/| 233]172.6]150.5 84.5 174|128.9]116.8]] 234/173.4|157.1 85.2 175|129.7|117.5|| 235]174.1|157.8 85.9 176|130.4|£18.2]] 2361174.9]158.5 86,7 I77|131.1/118.9]] 237|175.6)159.1 87.4 178}131.9/119.5|| 238]176.3]159.8 83.2 179]132.6|120. 2]] 239]177.1|160.5 83.9 180|133.4|120.9]] 240/177.8|161.2 es | fe | ff | | Pf |] |] —_—_—_- ]- —————- | | ————__ Dist} Dep.| Lat. ||Dist Dep.]| Lat. ||Dist}] Dep.| Lat. |]Dist] Dep.| Lat. |{Dist] Dep.} Lat. for 4} Points. c 5 OO COI Qtr Ho HD & e e e e . e . + . . mw PATO HM COOH OW DO NM CO 3 6 3 20 7 4 ok 8 5 ate . ° ° e . e e e . e Ww OVO Hp M~T OG DO e e . . ° es . . e OnNnuwN OH h~I O e 455 7% TABLE 1 Difference of Latitude and Departure for 4 Points. Dep.|Dist HRS PH COHnE~ Cet sa egw bas OW WO NHN CO) af ane Selb) Volek 6 ee wet eh lela N Ur COM BT OD AC bo AO PMA OW DO . . . e . e . . . . . . . .J . . e ° . . B~TOW QO NN COHID QAO HM OHA O Lat. | Dep.||Dist} Lat. | Dep.|/Dist} Lat. OO YH CoM BD OC CoM BIO PHONE CoH BWI OW RONM Ono NM CON Bs O° . o . e e e . e ° e I OW DO NM DOr wD Re ea eee We woke TOW WO NM Cr ITO YN COH DO Pin CH B~T OD A COO SD T49]TOS. 150/106 151/106 152/107. 153/108. 154/108. 155/109. 156/110. 2 De ieee, I5$|1III. 159/112 160]113 161/113 162/114. 163)/115.3 164|116. 165|116, 166/117. 167|118, 168|118, 169/119. 170/120. 171|120. 172|121. 173/122... 174123. 175/123. 176|124. 177|125. 178|125. troeeacatiae OnM% OH BT OW D Nir COW A HpaI pth OH HATO QO HHO . . e . . . ee . . * tn COM Bs~T OWN CO Dep. 181/128 .o]128.0 182|128 71128 .7 183|129.4|129.4 184|130.1/130.1 185|130.8]130.8 I86/131.5|131.5 187/132. 2]132.2 188]132.9|132.9 189]133.6|133.6 190/134 - 3}134-3 191/135 .1/135.1 192/135 .8]135.8 193|136.5]136.5 meget b 195137 -9)137-9 196138 6138.6 197/139. 3}139.3 198/140, 199|140.7|140.7 200/141. 4141.4 201|142.1|142. 202/142.8/142. i) aS fe) {e) 204)144. 205|145. 206/145. 207|140, 208/147. 209 TAG. a10|148. 211/149. 212|149. 213 DSO. 214jI51I. Q15|152. 216|152. 217/153. 218|154. 219/154. 220/155. 221/156. 222|157. 223)157 7/1577 224/158.4]158.4 225|159.1|159.1 226|159.8]159.8 227|160,§|160.5 228/161 .2|161.2 2.29|161 9/161 .9 2301162.6]162.6 231|163.3|163.3 2.32|164.01164.0 233|164.8]164.8 234)165 .5|165.5 2.35|166. 2/166. 2 230/166 .9/166.9 2.37|167 .6|167, 238}168 , 3|168.3 239|169 .0]169.0 2.40|169.7|169.7 . 2 . e . . 2 . in COOH BT O NM COOH > «@« . ° . . . a . e Oo 4 Bs OW WO ND (SS) Dist] Lat.| Dep. 241}170.4|170.4 242171 .1/171.1 2.43|171.8|171.8 244|172.5|172.5 245}173.2/173.2 246|173.9}173.9 247/174 .7/174.7 4/175 .4 -1/176.1 251/177 +5|177 «5 2521178.2/178.2 2531178 .9|178.9 254|179.0|179.6 255|180.3/180.3 256|181 .O|/181.0 257|181.7/181.7 258/182.4/182.4 259|183.1|183.1 260|183 81183 .8 261|184.6|184.6 262/185 «3/185 .3 2.63|186.0]186.0 264|186.7|186.7 2.65|187 .4|187.4 2.66|188 .1/188 .1 267}188 .8/188 .8 268}189.5|189.5 269|190.2/190,2 270|190.9]190.9 271|/191.6)191.6 272\192.31192.3 273193 .O/193.0 274|193-7|193-7 275|194 5194.5 276|195.2/195.2 277|195 «9/195. ayaltb. 6119.6 279/197 «3/197 .3 280198 .Q]/198.0 281|198.7|198.7 282/199.4)199.4 283]200,1}200.1 284|200.8]200.8 285]}201.5|201.5 286/202, 2/202.2 2.87|202.9}202. 2861203, 6l4oaiie 289]204. 3/204 .3 2.90}205 .1]205 .1 291}205 .8]205 .8 2.92}206.5}206.5 2.93|207 «21207 .2 2.94|207 .9]207. 29s |206 cache 2.96]209 .3|209.3 2.97|210 ,Ol210.0 298]210,7/210.7 299|211.4/211.4 300|212.1/212.1 for 4 Points. _ , mamma n OOo PR oe eee S88SSRSRSsissssssssss i] tn CoO O00 0000 0 i=) wn COD0D0000000 C0000 ininintntn » >» ib bb SBEBBRERRR 888888 50.0) 00.9 00.9 00.9 Lat.| Dep.||Dist “IOI|TOI.O TIIjIIl. 102|102.0 103]103.0 104|104.0 10§|105.0 106|106.0 107|107.0 TI2|t12. I13|I13. II4|T14. ee, on ae a oe oe es oe Yee YY YD D HS ew HH bbb Ww WH H&S DARnAnAnAd ERE Qa DAS OO00 co CO 00 00 CO CO HHHOO0000D Lat. | Dep.||Dist} Lat. | ee ee —————————| | | | |] | | —_————_ “171171. TABLE II. I21|I21. 122|122. 123/123. 124/124. 125/125. 126/126. 127|127. 128/128.0 2) ‘S) ° ar oe” a oe a a oe” le foe \ WwWwHY DY YD DN HHH I4I I41.0 142}142.0 143 143.0 144|144.0 S fe) fe) Oo 172]172.0 173}173.0 174|174.0 175)175.0 176|176.0 177/177 .0 178,178 .0 1791179 .0 180|180.0 Cc Dep.||Dist Lat. I8rj181.0 182|182.0 183/183.0 184|184.0 185|185.0 186/186.0 187|187.0 188}188.0 18g|189.0 190|190.0 I91|191.0 192|192.0 193}193.0 194|194.90 195195 .9 196|196,0 197|197.° 198|198 .0 199]199.0 200|200.0 ——— 201|201. 2021202. 203|203. 204}204. re) Oo Nn AS) e) un © -0.0»0 © :0:0 .O 211/2I1.0 212|212.0 213|213.0 214|214.0 Q15|215.0 216|216.0 217|217.0 218|218.0 21g|219.0 2.20|220.0 221|221.0 2.2.2|222.0 2231223 .0 2241224 .0 2.25]225.0 2.26|226.0 2.271227 .O 228/228 .0 22.9]229.0 230|230.0 231]231.0 2321232.0 233|233.0 2.3.4|234.0 2.35|235.0 2.36}236.0 237|237.0 2.38|233.0 2.39|239 .0 2.40|240.0 |Dist| Dep.| Lat. ||Dist] Dep.| Lat. ||Dist] Dep.! Lat. ||Dist| Dep.| Lat. for 89 Degrees. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 1 Degree, VW Dep.||Dist| Lat.| Dep. ——_ | -———-. |_| -_——————— || | (e) ioe) eo -& PS» 6 » » ~*~ #8 \& WHwWwS nn nND ND DW ie) & nmr bpp bf O fe) I I I 04.1 I 2 2 2 oO Ww TAARAADAnNNnN 241|241.0 242|242.0 243)243 +0 244)244.0 245|245.-0 246|246.0 2.47|247.0 2481248 .0 249|249.0 04.2 04.2 04.2 04.3 04.3 04.3 04.3 04.3 04.3 2501250-0] 04.4 251|251.0 25,2|252.0 25 3|253.0 2541254.0 271|271.0 2.72|272.0 273|273-9 274|274.0 275|275 -0 276|276.0 277|277 .O 2781278 .0 279|279.0 280]280.0 281|281.0 282]282.0 233}283.0 284|284.0 285/285 .0 286|286.0 287|287.0 288/288 .0 289]289.0 2.90|290.0 291|291.0 292)292.9 293|293 0 294|294.0 fe) fo) 295|295 - 2.96|296. 2.97|297 .O 2.93}298 .0 2.99|299.0 300] 300.0 04.9 04.4 04.4 90000 ++ eHHh SII . e . * e e e ° . Ove COCO CO CO~I~I OUOEO [ome] PHHPHPHHPHHE Dist| Dep. Lat. 18 pie O1.O] OO. 02.0 03.0 Oro CF QU HO bd FF al wean awed com] Ot SMH YH 61| 61.0 62.0 63.0 64.0 IOI}100.9 IO2|IO1. 103}102. TO4]103. DOS SCOSDODOS O02. 12) ) O02. BRRHSOONNDH 00 Com Sa ws Dn Or tn CO OC OCm <8 HAdcUlnmME Bho nn nla HH OO OOOO (oe) TABLE II. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 2 Degrees, -——_ Lat. Dep.| Dist} Lat. | Dep.|/Dist} Lat. | Dep.|| Dist} Lat. | Dep.|/Dist] Lat.| Dep oe ee ee ee ee | ee ees en, | ee ed nna | a, es as | a ee eH OO OWO COMC . E} Wetman =e ple! iy Renn ce III|IIO. IT2III. 113/112. II4|113 TI5|I14 IIO}II5 T17|116 I18|117 ITgj118.9 I20|119.9 DWODCD.DOOS — | ———— | ————— | | | - | | | | |] ee eee 121|120.9] 04.2]] 181/180.y 122|I21.9] 04.3]] 182/181.9 123|122.9] 04.3]] 183/182.9 124|123.9] 04.3]| 184/183.9 125|124.9] 04.4]] 185/184.9 126|125.9] 04.4]] 186/185 .9 127|126.9} 04.4}} 187|186.9 128|127.9] 04.5]| 188]187 9 129|128.9] 04.5]| 189]188.9 130|129.9] 04.5|] 190|189.9 131|130.9| 04.6]| 1g1/190.9 132|131.9] 04.6]| 192/191.9 133|132.9| 04.6]| 193/192.9 134/133 -9| 04-7|) 194)193.9 135]134-9) 04.7)| 195)194.9 136|135.9] 04.7]| 196]195.9 137|130.9| 04.8]] 197|196.9 138]137.9] 04.8]} 193/197 .9 139]138.9] 04.9]]} 199]198.9 £40|139 9] 04-9|| 200/195 .9 I41]I40.9] 04.9]] 201/200.9 142|I41.9] 05.0]| 202/201.g 143]142.9] 05.0]] 203/202.9 144]143.9] 05.0]] 204/203.9 145|144.9] 05.1]] 205|204.9 146|145.9] O5.1]| 200/205 .9 147|146,9| 05.1|] 207/206.9 148|147.9} 05.2|| 208]207.9 149/148 .9} 05.2]} 209/208 .9 150]149-9} 05.2|} 210]209.9 I51|I150.9] 05.3]] 211/210.9 152/151.9] 05.3]] 212/211.9 153|152.9| 05.3]| 213/212.9 1§4]153.9] 05.4]] 214/213.9 155|154.9] 05.4]] 215]/214.9 156/155.9] O5.4]| 216)215'.9 157|156.9] 05.5|| 217/216.9 1§8/157.4y] O5.5|| 218}/217.9 1§9]158.9] 05.5]| 219/218.9 160]159.9} 05.6]| 220/219.9 161|160.9] 05.6]| 2211220.9 162|161.9] 05.7]} 222/221.9 103|162.9} 05.7]] 223)222.9 164|163.9}] 05.7|| 224]223.9 165|164.9} 05.3]| 225]224.9 166/165 .9] 05.8]| 2261225.9 167|166.9] 05.8]| 227|226.9 £68]167.9} 05.9]| 228]227.¢ 169|168.9] 05.9]|/ 229]228.9 170|169.9] 05.9]| 230]229.9 171|170.9] 06.0!] 231/230.9 172/171.9] 06.0]] 2321231.9 173|172.9| 06.0]] 2331232 .9 174|173.9| 06.1|| 234]/233.9 175|174.9] 06.1]] 235/234.9 176/175 .9| 06.1|1 236/235.9 177|176.9| 06.2]| 237/230.9 178/177.9| 06.2]| 2338]237.9 179|178.9}| 06.2]! 239/238.9 180|179.9] 06.3]| 2401239.9 Lat. ||Dist] Dep.| Lat. || Dist; Dep. 06.3]] 241]240.9 06.4|| 242]/241.9 06.4] 243]242.9 06.4|] 244]243.9 06.5|} 2451244.g 06.5|| 246 re 06.5]| 2471246. 06.6]]. 248/247 .8 06,6]| 249/248.8 06.61! 250]249.8 06.7/| 2511250.8 oF 282 ee 06.7}] 253/252 06.8 ret 253.8 06.8] 2551254.8 06 8] 256/255.8 06.9|| 257|256.8 06.9]| 258]257.8 06.9]] 259|258.8 07-0]! 260]259.8 07.0]| 261/260.8 07.0] 262/261.8 07.1] 263/262.8 07 .1|| 264|263.8 07.2]! 2651264.8 07.2|| 266/265 .8 07.2/| 2671266,8 07 .3|| 2681267 .8 07 .3]| 269}/268 .8 07.3]| 270|269.8 07.4|| 271|270.8 07.4|| 272/271.8 07.4]| 273/272.8 07.5|| 274/273.8 07.5] 2751274.8 07.51}| 2761275 .8 07.6 2771276.8 07 .6]| 2731277.8 07.6]| 279]278.8 07.7|| 280/279.8 07.7|| 281}280.8 07.7|| 282/281 .8 07.8]| 283/282.8 07.8]| 284/283.8 07.9|] 285/284.8 07.9]| 286|285.8 07.9]] 287/286.8 08.0}, 288]287.8 08.o]] 289/288.8 08.0]] 290/289.8 08.1|| 291/290.8 08.1]} 292/291 .8 08.1]] 293/292.8 08.21) 294/293.8 08.21] 295/294.8 08. 2]| 296/295.8 08 ..3]| 297/296.8 08. 3] 298]297.8 08. 3)| 299|298.8 08.4} 300)299.8 for 88 Degrees. 08.4 a 08.5 08.5 08.6 08 .6 3 08.7 08.7 08.7 to) — ° tae} LILLZLIILI/SLSSLELLLS CUIAWAI AKRAUUNNS & P&&w PDD HH 88 oo 0° 09-9 TABLE II. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 3 Degrees. Dis.| Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat.) Dep.||Dist| Lat. ee ee . . - . ° . . . e ° A Arr BO Hp vb 8888888888 RS Se CC Ow) On AN HD bP fe) 1) ma ~I Ja NE | Om AM HW YD 0 ODD Con y EDS A I EE NR SE Ee PR ok ie a3 3 «4 4 £5 5 6 6 by 4 8 8 9 9 AS, eo elk ol 02 3 3 “4 .4 “5 5 6 .6 Cm Modownwnwnt csc 161|160. 162/161. Wet nm nmnaonwnnmocd coo Com oo co 00 CO CO 00 180]179.8 Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat.| Dep. 06.3 06.4 oon nreH OO Donan Oo oon ~I . . e . . . . . . . Boo Yn YN HH O ONO OD COOK O WwW nn aH Ow; 181|180.8 182|181.8 18 3/182.7 184/183.7 185|184.7 186|185.7 187|186.7 188/187 .7 189|188.7 Igo|189.7 191|190.7 192|191.7 193|192.7 194|193-7 195}194.7 196|195.7 197|196.7 198|197.7 199/198.7 200]1G99.7 201}200.7 202|201.7 203|202.7 204|203.7 7 7 7 7 7 7 A11|210.7 212|211.7 213)212. 214|213. 215}214. 216}215. 217|216, 218/217. 219}218. 220/219. 221/220. 222/221. 22312226 2.2.4)223 . 225/224. 2261225. 2.271226. 2231227 . 229/228. 2.30229. 231|230. 232/231. 2.331232. 234|233- 235/234 2.361235. 2.371236. 4 38/237. 2.391238. 2.40|239. -————- | — ———-] | -—- —— Dist Dep. Lat. ||Dist Dep. ‘Lat. ||Dist Dep.| Lat. || Dist Dep. Lat. ||Dist| Dep. Com es e ° e . . 7 e 7 . e e . . e . . * . . e . . e .J INI HACU]n sp Pow vo wp -& OO nin db Bow pb HHO a0 ¢ O0ODS COEUIIOR e . ° . . . ° . ° ° tntn BB BYP HP AH 4 DS) Ds 241|240.7 242/241 .7 2431242.7 244/243 .7 2.45|244.7 246}245 .7 2471246.7 248)247.7 2491248 .7 256|249-7 251)250.7 252/251. 2531252. 254/253. 255/254. 256/255. 2571256, 258/257. 259/258. 260]259.6 261}260.6 2621261 .6 2.631 262.6 2641263 .6 265|264.6 266/265 .6 KRND ArT SI 291/290. 292/291. 2.93|292. 294/293. 295/294. 296|295. 297|296, 298]297. 299|298 . 300|299. for 87 Degrees. 12.6 L267 12.7 é e NOMMr BH w& YH HY HT! 13. 20 [ak OW CONTI OUMNH YD Len! hak da Lat. | Dep. re) 20.9 olor ints pb =» O HO OO Grd ONO Sut On RRO YD Ol OI Ol or Or Or. Ol. 02, 02, 02. 02. 02. 02. 02. 02, 02, 02, 02.8 02 : _ ‘FABLE Ti. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 4 Degrees. Dist} Lat. | Dep.|/Dist| Lat. 61} 60. 61. IOI|100.8 102|101.8 103|102.7 104|103.7 105|104.7 106|TOs .7 107|106,7 108]107 ,7 109]108 ,7 110}109.7 I1I|IIO.7 II2|II1.7 PIZIUIS, 7? II4|113.7 IIS|114.7 II6|115.7 I17|116,7 IT8|117.7 LIQ|118,~ I2N|T19.7 O4. o4 ee « ° 7 se. J . o . e .- « . 7 s. e e . e e ° bo Pn HW 00D CUlaAAQnnrhoODdS _DHO 3 “3 12.1|120.7 ce) in 12. I2 Les 12 T2 I2, 12 12. Dist] Dep.| Lat. ||Dist| Dep.| Lat. ||Dist Dep.| Lat. |/Dist! Dep. Lat. ||Dist Dep. for 86 Degrees. bod vpH00 Qn bBiwyeH HO Dep.||Dist} Lat. | Dep. 181]180.6 182|181. 183]182. 184|183. 185]184. 186/185. 187|186. 188} 187. 18/188. 190|189. ————— irtintintintintra AAD 219/218.5 220]/219.5 221|220.5 22122165 2.2.3)22265 224|223.5 225/224.5 220|225 4 2.271226.4 2231227 4 229/228 .4 2.301229 .4 2311230.4 232|231.4 233|232-4 234|233 4 235|234-4 236/235 .4 237|230.4 2381237 .4 239|238.4 240|239.4) 16.7 12.6 12.9 12.8 12.8 12.9 13.0 Oro Ctr ORO It ——— —_———.- —— nAbROH HHO NT SIN, pie Bh tet! SF | As oe ne, pene ge bee TABLE II. | 21 Difference of Latitude and Departure for 5 Degrees. [Dist Lat. | Dep. Dist| Lat. | Dep. |Dist| Lat. Dep.||Dist} Lat. Dep.|(Dist Lat. ee ‘pw 05.3 .5| 10.5 "181|180. 3) 15.81] 241|240.1| 91.0 2, 05.4 5} 10.6|| 182|181.3] 15.9]| 242|241.1| @1.1 3 05.5 5} 10.7|] 183]182.3] 15.9]] 243/242.1] 21.4 4 05.6 5} 10.8]| 184/183.3) 16.0]] 244]/243.1| 24.3 5 05.7 5} 10.9] 185|184.3) 16.1]] 245/244.1| 23.4 6 05.8 .5| 11.0]| 186]185.3) 16.2]] 246/245.1| 21.4 7 05.8 .5| 11.1]] 187|/186.3] 16.3]] 247/246.1] ar. 8 05.9 .5| 11.2]| 188/187.3] 16.4]] 248/247.1| 21.6 9 06.0 .5| T1,2/| 189/188.3} 16.5]! 249/248.1| ax, 10 06.1 -5|_I1.3]]_T90}189.3 16.6]} 250|249.0] 22. II 06.2 .5| I1.4]} Tg1]190.3} £6.61} 251/250.0] at.g 12 06.3 5] 11.5]| Tg2jl9L.3} 16.7]) 252/251.0] 92.0 13 06.4 .5| 11.6]] 193]192.3] 16.8]] 253/252.0] aa. 14 06.4 5) 1% 16.9]| 254/253.0] 22.1 15 06.5 .§| 11.8 17.0|] 255|254.0] 22.3 ie ae 06.6 .5| 11.9 17.1] 256/255.0] 22.3 17 06.7 5) II.9g 17.2|| 257/256.0] 22.4 18 06.8 .§| 12.0 17.3}| 258/257.0, 22.5 19 06.9 12.1 17 .3|| 259|258.0) 22. 20 07.0 12.2 17 -4]| 260)259-0| 22.7 21 07.1 12.3 17.5|| 261/260.0) 22.7 92! 07.1 a 17.6]! 262/261.0] 22.8 23 07.2 12.5 17.7|| 263/262.0] 22.9 24 07.3 12.6 17.8]| 264/263.0] 23.0 25 07.4 12.6 17.9]| 265|264.0] 23.2 26 07.5 12.7 18.0]| 266/265 .0}] 23.2 27 07.6 12.8 Of 267/266.0] 23.3 28 O79 12.9 2.68|}267.0] 23.4 29 07.8 13.0 269/268 .0} 23.4 30 07-8 13.1 270|269.0| 22.5 3I 07.9 -4| 13.2 271|270.0) 23.6 32 08.0 -4| 13.2 272271 .0| 23.7 33 08.1 -4| 13.3 273|272.0] 23.8 34 08.2 -4) 13.4 274|273.0} 23.9 35 08.3 +4) 13.5 275/274.0] 24.0 36 08.4 .4| 13.6 276|274.9| 24.1 37 08.5 i E37 2771275.9] 24.1 38 08.5 .4| 13.8 278|276.9] 24.2 39 08.6 -4{ 13.9 279|/277.9) 24.3 40 08.7 4) 13.9 280 278.g 2A 4I , 6| 08.8 .4| 14.0 “281 279.9] 24.5 42| 41. 6) 08.9 4) 14.1 282|280.9] 24.6 43| 42. 6) 09.0 -4| 14.2 283/281.9) 24.7 44] 43.8] 03.8!) 104|103.6} og.1 .4| 14.3 284|282.9] 24.8 A5| 44.8] 03.9]] 105|104.6| 09.2 .4| 14.4 285|]283.9] 24.8 46| 45.6] 04.0]} 106]105.6] 09.2 .4| 14.5 286|284.9) 24.9 47; 46.8) 04.1)| 107|T06.6} 09.3 .4| 14.6 287|285.9] 25.0 48) 47.8) 04.21} 108}107.6] 09.4 .4| 14.6 288|286.g] 25.1 49| 48.8] 04.3]| 109/108.6! 09.5 .4| 14.7 289|287.9] 25.2 —-§0} 49.8] 04.4]| T10/TOg.6] 09.6 -4| 14.8 _290|288.9} 25.3 §I| 50.8] O4.4]] 111/T10.6| 09.7 3) 14.9 291|289.9] 25.4 52| §1.8] 04.5] 112/111.6) 09.8 3} 15.0 292|290.9! 25.4 §3| $2.8] 04.6]| 113]/112.6) 09.8 3) F341 293/291 .9} 25-5 54] 53.8} 04.7]| 114/113.6] 09.9 3| 15.2 294|292.9] 25.6 55| 54.9] 04.8]| 115|114.6) 10,0 3) 15.3 295/293.9] 25.7 56) 55.8] 04.9]| 116]175.6) 1O.1 31 15.3 296|294.9] 25.8 §7| 56.8] 05.0]| 117/116.6) 10.2 3| 15.4 297|295.9] 25.9 §8] 57.8) 05.11) 118/117.6) 10.3 3) 15.5 298|296.9| 26.0 59} 58.8) 0§.1]| 119|118.5) 10.4 3) 15.6 299|297.9} 26.1 60 59.8 0§.2/| 120/1Tg.5| 10.5 +3) 25.9 | 300|293. 9| 26.1 Dist ‘Dep. Lat. ;|Dist Dep.| Lat. Dist Dep.| Lat. Dist Dep.| Lat. Dist Dep.| Lat. for 85 Degrees. Dist j 88888388 SmI OM BW YP 2) Oo 8339 OO Oo Qo i OC) Yep a) eo. ° oom Ot H&S me OO . . . . e ° e ° ° ° mH OO Cn~m Qtr bo& Pp 8 2 8 3 8 4 8 6 8 7 8 8 8 9 8 fe) 8 I 8 2 . e . . ° e . ° e 7 ~I SI NI SI SI 0S 00 06 CO 00 oe ° ° e . e . ° . . ° . . . . . . . ° ° DH OW CMI ON HW wetter tee Me. b “ee sss SI SI I I a D nm B&B IOI|IOo, IO2}101, 103}102. I04]103. IO5|I04. IO6|I05. 107/106, 108}107. 109}108. mBwn 4H OW CN OH A RO YP HOW COI O al » tn TABLE II. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 6 Degrees. Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. 121|120.3 122/121 .3 123]122.3 124/123 .3 125|124.3 126/125 .3 127|126.3 128/127 .3 129]128.3 130]129.3 131|130.3 132/131.3 133/132. 134133. 135/134. 130/135 .; 137/136. 133/137. 139]138, 140139. I41|140. 142/141. 143/142. 144]143. 145|144. 140/145, 147|146, 148]147. 149]148. I§1|150. I52|151. 153|152. 154/153. 180|179.0 Dep. al in Colm Oi B&H VY HO CO “IAN HW YP & OO OR «| Bin te. Oye "Oy § Gy CO 4r Ss 'S Comm On HB YP HH ONO COO hoy HOO Dist} Lat. 181}180.0 182|181.0 183|182.0 184|183.0 185]184.0 186!185.0 187|186.0 188]187.0] 19.7 189/183.0] 19.8 190|18g9.0] 19.9 I9I|190.0] 20.0 192|190.9] 20.1 193|I19I.y} 20.2 194)192.9) 20.3 195|193.9] 20.4 196/194.9} 20.5 197|195.9] 20.0 198]196.9] 20.7 199]197.9] 20.8 200|198.9] 20.9 201|199.9] 21.0 202|200.g] 21. 203|201.9] 21. 204]202.9] 21. 205|203.9] 21. 206/204.9| 21. 207/205 .9] 21. 208/206.9] 21. 209/207.9! 21. 210]208.8] 22. 211|209.8] 22.1 212/210.8] 22.2 213/211.8] 22.3 214|212.8] 22.4 215}213.8] 22.5 216|214.8] 22.6 217/215 .8] 22.7 218/216.8] 22,8 219]217.8} 22.9 220/218 .8] 23.0 221|219.8] 23.1 222|220.8) 23.2 223|221.8} 23.3 224|222.8] 23.4 225/223.8] 23.5 226|224.8] 23.6 227/225 .8] 23.7 2.28]226.8] 23.8 2.29|/227.7] 23.9 2.30|228.7| 24.0 231|229.7| 24.1 232(230.7| 24.3 233|231.7| 24.4 234)23267| 24.5 2351233.7| 24.6 2301234.7| 24.7 237|235.7| 24.8 2.38|236.7| 24.9 239|237-7| 25.0 2.401238.71| 25.1 —_— | —_—_——— - | — ——————. 18.9) 19.0 19.1 1902 19.3 19.4 19.5 O CONTI OU BW bP 241|239.7 242)240.7 243/241 .7 244|242.7 245/243 .7 246|244.7 247/245 .6 248|246.6 249|247 .6 2.50|248.6 251|249.6 25,2|250.6 253|251.6 254/252.6 253|253.6 256|254.6 257|255.6 258|256.6 259]257.6 2.60|258.6 261|259.6 262|260.6 263/261 .6 264|262.6 265|263.5 266|264.5 267/265 .5 268}266.5 269|267 . 5 270/268. 5 271/269 .5 272|270.5 273)271.5 274|272.5 275|273-5 276|274.5 297/275 +5 2781276. 5 281)279.5 282]280.5 283/281. 284/282. 285/283. 286/284. 287285. 288/286, pPREDEERES 291|289. 292)290. 293|291. 2.94|292. 295}293- 296|294.4 297)295 +4 2981296.4 299}297 4 300]298 .4 --——— Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep. 25.2 25-3 25.4 25-5 25.6 25.7 25.8 25. a ied 26.1 26.2 26. 26:2 26.6 26.7 26.8 26.9 bHHPHpH Dist| Dep. ‘Lat. ||Dist Dep.| Lat. ||Dist] Dep.| Lat. ||Dist| Dep.} Lat. ||Dist} Dep.| Lat. for 84 Degrees. [Dist ‘Dep. Lat. ||Dist Dep. ‘Lat. ||Dist Dep. ‘Lat. TABLE II. 23 Difference of Latitude and Departure for 7 Degrees. Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.|) \Dist Lat. | Dep. Dist Lat. | Dep.||Dist} Lat. | Dep. I] OL.O} 00.1|} 61] 60.5] 07.4 “Yart|r20.1 14.7 “181 179.7 22.1|| 241/239.2] 29.4 2| 02.0] 00.2|/| 62] 61.5] 07.6)) 122/121.1} 14.9]] 182]180.6] 22.2] 242/240.2] 29.5 3} 03.0] 00.4]| 63] 62.5] O7.7]] 123]122.1) 15.0]] 183/181.6) 22.3]] 243/241.2] 29.6 4| 04.0] do.5]} 64] 63.5] 07.3]| 124/123.1] 15.1]| 184|182.6] 22.4]] 244/242.2) 29.7 5] 05.0] 00.6]| 65) 64.5] 07.9]] 125]/124.1| 15.2]] 185]/183.6] 22.5]! 245/243.2] 29.9 6| 06,0] 00.7]| 66} 65.5] O8.0}| 126]/125.1] 15.4] 186/184.6] 22.7 2461244.2] 30.0 4| 06.9} 00.g]| 67} 66.5) 08.2}! 127/126.1] 15.5]| 187|185.6] 22.8]| 247/245.2] 30.1 8} 07.9] OL.o|] 68} 67.5] 08.3]} 128/127.0] 15.6]] 188]186.6] 22.9]] 248/246.2] 30.2 g} 08.9] O1.1|] 69} 68.5} 08.4]} 129]128.0] 15.7]! 189]187.6] 23.0]] 249]247.1] 30.3 10] 09.9] O1-2|| 70) 69.5) 08.5]| 130/f29.0] 15.3] 1g0]188.6] 23.2)| 250]248.1] 30.5 II] 10.9] OL.3]} 71} 70.5) 08.7|} 131]130.0] 16.0] 191 189.6 6] 23-3]] 251]249.11 30.6 12] 11.9] O1.5]| 72] 71.5] 08.8]| 132]£31.0} 16.1|| 1921190.6] 23.4]| 252/250.1] 30.7 13} 12.9] O1.6]| 73] 72.5] 08.9]] 133}132.0] 16.2]] 193]/191.6| 23.5] 253/251.1] 30.8 14] 13.9] O1.7]| 74] 73-4] 09.0]] 134]133.0] 16.3]! 194]192.6] 23.6]] 254]252.1] 31.0 ) T5| 14.9] 01.8! 75] 74.4] 09.1] 135]134-0] 16.5] 195]193.5] 23.8] 255/253.1] 31.1 16) 15.9] O1.y}] 76) 75-4] 99.3]) 130|/135.0} 16.6)} 196)194.5) 23.9]! 256/254.1/ 31.2 17| 16.9} 02.1|| 77| 76.4] 09.4] 137]/139.0] 16.7]] 197/195.5| 24.0] 2571255.1] 31.3 18] 17.9] 02.2|| 78] 77-4] 09.5]| 138]137.0] 16.8]] 198]196.5] 24.1)| 2§8/256.1] 31.4 Tg} 18.9} 02.3]} 79} 78.4] 09.6)/ 139/138.0] 16.9] 199/197.5] 24.3] 259]257.1] 31.6 20} 19.9] 02.4]} 80) 79-4] 09-7|| 140/139.0] 17.1 _200]198. 190.5] 24-4 200|258.1) 31.7 21) 20.8] 02.6]} 81! 80.4] 09.9]| 141/139.9] 17.2]] 201|199.5]| 24.5]] 261]/259.1| 31.8 22) 21.8) 02.7|| 82! 81.4] 10.0]} 142]140.9] 17.3]| 202/200.5! 24.6]| 262/260.0] 31.9 23] 22.8) 02.8]| 83] 82.4] 10.1]/ 143]/(41.9] 17.4]| 203/201.5] 24.7] 263/261.0) 32.1 24) 23.8] 02.9]| 84] 83.4] 10.2/| 144]142.9] 17.5]| 204|202.5] 24.9]! 264/262.0] 32.2 25| 24.8] 03.0]| 85] 84.4] 10.4]] 145]143.9] 17.7]] 205]203.5] 25.0]] 265]/263.0) 32.3 26| 25.8] 03.2]| 86] 85.4] 10.5]| 146]144.9] 17.8]| 206]/204.5] 25.1]| 266/264.0] 32.4 27| 26.8] 03.3|]| 87] 86.4] 10.6)| 147|145.9] 17.9|| 207|205.5) 25.21 267/265.0] 32.5 23| 27.8] 03.4|| 88] 87.3} 10.7]! 148]146.9| 18.0]| 208]206.4] 25.3]| 268/266.0] 32.7 29} 28.8] 03.5]] 89] 88.3] 10.8]| 149]147.9| 18.2]| 209]207.4] 25.5]]| 269)267.0) 32.8 30] 29.8} 03-7|| 90] 89.3] T1.0]] 150)148.9} 18.3] 210]208.4] 25.6]| 270]268.0] 32.9 31} 30.8] 03.8]| gt} 90.3] 11.1]| 151|149.9] 18.4]] 211]209.4] 25.7]] 271|269.0] 33.0 32| 31.8) 03.9]| 92] 91.3] 11.2]| 152]150.9] 18.5]] 212/210.4] 25.8) 272/270.0] 33.1 33) 32-8] 04.0]] 93] 92.3] I1.3]] 153/£51.9] 13.6]] 213/211.4] 26.01] 273]272.0) 33.3 34| 33-7] 04-1|| 94] 93.3] I2.5]| 154]152.g] 18.8]] 214]212.4) 26.1]| 274/272.0] 33.4 35] 34.7| O4-3i] 95] 94.3] I1.6]| 155]153.8] 18.9] 215]213.4] 26.2]] 2751273.0] 33.5 36] 35.7| 04-4]| 96] 95.3] 11.7]| 156]154.8] Ig9.0]] 216!214,4] 26.3]} 2761273.9] 33.6 37) 36.7) 04.5]| 97) 96.3] 11.3]) 157]155.8] 19.1]] 217]/215.4] 26.4]| 277/274.9) 33.8 38| 37-7) 04-6]| 98] 97.3] I1.9]| 158]156.8] 19.3]] 218/216.4] 26.6]| 278)275.9] 33.9 39] 38.7| 04.81] 99] 98.3] 12.1]| 159]157.8] 19.4] 219/217.4] 26.7 2791276.9 34.0 40] 39+7| 04-9]| 100] 99.3] 12-2]| 160]158.8] 19.5]] 220/213.4] 26.8 _280|277 -9 9). 34-1 ~4t| 40.7] 05.0l| 101|T00.2] 12.3/| 161/159.8] 19.6] 221/219.4] 26.9 “481 278.9 9 “34. 2 42) 41.7| O5.1]] 102/101.2] 12.4]| 162/160.8] 19.7|| 222]/220.3] 27.1]| 282/279.9] 34.4 43| 42.7) 05.2]| 103)102.2| 12.6]/ 163)161.8] 19.9]] 223/221.3) 27.21) 283/280.9] 34.5 44| 43.7] 05.4]| 104/103.2| 12.7]| 164/162.8] 20.0]] 224/222.3] 27.3]| 284/281.9] 34.6 45} 44.7] 05.5]| 105]104.2] 12.8]} 165]163.8] 20.1]] 225/223.3] 27.4]! 285/282.9] 34.7 46] 45.7} 05.6]| 106)105.2] 12.9]] 166/164.8] 20. 2)] 226/224.3] 27.5]| 286/283.9] 34.9 47| 46.6] 05.7|| 107|106,.2] 13.0]| 167/165 .8] 20.4]] 227/225.3] 27.7|1 287/284.9] 35.0 48] 47.6} 05.8]| 108]107.2} 13.2]| 168]166.7! 20.5]| 228)226.3] 27.51] 288]285.9] 35.2 49| 48.6] 06.0]| Tog|103.2] 13.3]| 169]167.7| 20.6]) 229]227.3] 27.9]| 289]286.8] 35.2 50) 49.6) 06.1]} I10}109.2) 13.4)| 170}168.7] 20.7/] 230/228.3] 28.0]/ 290 287.8 Sea 51| 50.6] 06.2) rr1\110.2| 13.51] 171|169.7| 20.8] 231|229.3] 28.2] 291 288.8 35-5 §2| 51.6) 06.3]| 112|111.2] 13.6] 172/170.7| 21.0]| 232/230.3] 28.31] 292]289.8] 35.6 §3| 52.6) 06.5]| 113]112.2] 13.8]] 173/177.7| 21.1]] 233/231.3) 28.4]] 2931290.81 35 7 54] 53-6) 06.6] 114]113.2] 13.9]| 174/172.7| 217.2]! 234/232.3] 28.51) 294/291.8] 35.8 55| 54-6) 06.7]| 115|114.1] 14.0] 175/173.7| 21.3]] 2351233.2] 28.6]] 295|292.8] 36.0 56] 55.6) 06.3)| rr6}115.4) 14.1]! 176/174.7| 21.4|| 236/234.2] 28.8]| 296/293.8] 36.1 57| 56.6) 06,9]| 117|/116.1| 14.3]] 177]175.7| 21.6] 237/235.2] 28.9]] 297|294.8) 36.2 58} 57.6] 07.11) r18]r17.1] 14.4]| 178]175.7| 21.7|| 238/236.2] 29.0]] 298]295.8] 36.3 59] 58.6] 07.21) 119]t18.3} 14.5]| 179|177.7| 21.8]| 239/237.2| 29.1|] 299]296.8) 36.4 60 59-6 07 +3]} 120|1T9.1 14.6 _180)1 78.7 21.9 240/238. 2 29.2|} 300|297.8] 36.6 Dist] Dep.| Lat. [Dist] Dep.| Lat. | for 83 Degrees. 24 TABLE II. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 8 Degrees, Dist] Lat. | Dep.||Dist] Lat. | Dep.||Dist); Lat. | Dep.!|Dist Lat. | Dep. Dist} Lat. | Dep. 1] OF.0] 00.1]| €=} 60.4] 08.5]) 121/119.8) 16.8]] 181/179.2] 25.21) 241]238.7] 33.5 2] 02.0] 00.3]| 62] 61.4] 08.6} 122/120.8) 17.0]| 182]180.2] 25.3]] 242/239.6) 33.7 3) 03.0} 00.4]} 63} 62.4] 08.8]] 123]121.8) 17.1|| 183/181.2] 25.51) 2431240.6| 33.8 A) 04.0] 00.6]| 64] 63.4] 08.9]] 124]/122.8] 17.3]| 184]/182.2] 25.6]] 244]241.6) 34 0 5] 05.0] 00.7)| 65) 64.4) 09.0] 125|123.8] 17.4]| 185/183.2| 25.711 2451242,6) 34.1 6} 05.9} 00.8]] 66] 65.4) 09.2] 126/124.8] 17.5]] 186/184.2) 25.9)| 246/243.6] 34.2 71 06.9] O1.0]] 67] 66.3) 09.3]| 127]/125.8] 17.7]| 187|185.2} 26.0]] 247|244;6) 34.4 8} 07.9] OL.1]} 68] 67.3] 09.5]] 128]126.8] 17.8]] 188/186,2] 26.2]! 248]245.6) 34.5 g} 08.9] O1.3]| 69] 68.3) Og. 6]! 129]127.7] 18.0] 189]187.2] 26.3]] 2491246,6) 34.7 10] 09.9] OL.4]| 70} 69.3) 09.71] 130]128.7]| 18.1|| 190]188.2) 26.41 2501/247.6} 24.8 Ii] 10.9] O1.5]| 71] 70.3] O9.9]| 131/129.7] 18.2]| 1g1j18g.1)} 26.61) 251)248.6) 34.9 12] 11.9] O1.7]| 72] 71.3} 10.0]! 132)130.7| 18.4|| 192/190.1] 26.7]1 2521249,5] 35.1 13} 12.9] O1.8]| 73] 72.3} 10.2]| 133/13%.7] 18.5|] 193/191.1| 26.9]] 2531250.5| 35.2 14! 13.9] O1.9]| 74) 73-3] 10.3|| 134/132.7] 18.6]) 194/192.1] 27.0]] 254]251.5] 35.3 15] 14.9] O2.1|| 75] 74.3] 10.4]) 135]133.7] 18.8] 195]193.1] 27.1|| 255}252.5] 35.5 16} 15.8] 02.2/| 76} 75.3] 10.6]| 136]134.7} 18.9]| 196|194.1] 27.3]] 256/253.5] 35.6 17| 16,8] 02.4]| 747] 76.3] 10.7]| 137/135.7] 19.1|| 197/195.1] 27.4|| 2571254.5| 35.8 18] 17.8] 02.5]] 78! 77.2! Io.9|] 138/136.7] 19.2]! 198/196.1| 27.6!) 258]255.5] 35.9 19} 18.8] 02.6]] 79} 78.2] I1.0}] 139]/137.7] 19.3|| 199|197.3| 27.7|] 259]250.5| 36.0 20] 19.8] 02.81] 80] 79.2] 11.11] 140]/138.6] 19.5]| 200/198.1] 27.8]] 260/257.5] 36.2 21} 20.8] 02.9]| 81} 80.2] 11.3]] 141/139.6] 19.6]] 201/199.0] 28 O}] 261/258 5] 36.3 22) 21.8) 03.1]| 82] 81.2] 11.4]] 142]140.6] 19.8]} 202/200.0] 28.11] 2621259.5] 36.5 23) 22.8] 03.2/| 83] 82.2] 11.6)! 143]141.6] 19.9]] 203/201.0] 28.3]] 263/260.4) 36.6 241 23.8] 03.31] 84] 83.2] 11.7|| 144/142.6] 20.0]] 204]202.0| 28.4]| 264/261.4} 36.7 25| 24.8] 03.5]| 85] 84.2] 11.8]| 145/143.6] 20.21] 205/203.0| 28.5]| 2651/262.4] 36.9 26] 25.7) 03.6]| 86] 85.2] 12.0] 146]144.6] 20.3]] 206/204.0] 28.71] 266]/263.4) 37.0 27| 26.7) 03.8!| 87) 86.2) 12.1|] 147/145.6} 20.5]] 207]/205.0| 28.8]! 2671264.4| 37.2 28| 27.7] 03.9]| 88} 87.4] 12.21] 148]146,6] 20.6]) 208]206.0] 28.9]| 268]}265.4] 37.3 29] 28.7] ©4.0]/ 89) 88.1/ 12.4]] 149]147.5] 20.7]] 209]207.0] 29.1]| 269)266.4) 37.4 30] 29.7} 04-2|| gol 89.1] 12.5]] 150]148.5] 20.g]] 210/208.0] 29-21] 270/267.4} 37.6 31| 30.7] O4.3]] gi] gO.1] 12.7|| 151|149.5] 21.0]| 211/208.9] 29.4]| 271|208.4] 37.7 32] 31.7| O4.5]] 2] 91.1] 12.8]] 152/150.5] 21.2]) 212/209.9] 29.5]| 272/269.4) 37.9 33| 32-7] O4.6]] 93] 92.1] 12.9|| 153/151.5] 21.3]] 213/210.9] 29.6]| 273/270.3] 38.0 34] 33-7| 94-7]| 94] 93.1) 13.1]| 154/152.5| 21.4]] 214/211.9| 29.8]| 274/271.3] 38.1 351 34.7] ©4.91] 95] 94.1] 13.2]! 155|153.5| 21.6]] 215/212.9] 29.9]] 275/272.3] 38.3 36] 35.6] 05.0]1 96] 95.1] 13.4] 156]154.5] 21.7|] 216/213.9] 30.1|| 276)273.3] 38.4 37| 36.6) 05.1] 97] 96.1] 13.5] 157/155.5] 21.9]] 217|214.9| 30.2]| 277|274.3] 38.6 38] 37.61 05.3]| 98] 97.0] 13.6]] 158]156.5] 22.0]] 218]215.9] 30.3]| 278/275.3] 38.7 39} 38.6} 05.4]| 99! 98.0; 13.8] 159]157.5] 22.1]| 219/216.9] 30.5]] 279|276.3] 38.8 40] 39.6] 05.6]! 100} 99.0} 13.g]] T60)158.4] 22.3]]/ 220]217.9] 30.6]| 2801277.3] 39.0 41) 40.6] 05.7]] Io1]100.0} 14.1] 161|159.4] 22.4]] 221|218.8) 30.8]| 281/278.3] 39.1 42) 41.6] 05.8]} To2ltor1.o) 14.2/] 162]160,.4) 22.5]| 222/219.8] 30.9]| 282/279.3] 39.2 43] 42.6] 06.0}] 103]102.0] 14.3]| 163|161.4] 22.7] 223]/220.8] 31.0]| 283/280.2) 39.4 44] 43.6} 06.1]] £04/103.0] 14.5]] 164)162.4] 22.8]] 224)221.8] 32.2]] 284/287.2)] 39.5 45| 44.6) 06.3]| 105]104.0] 14.6]] 165)163.4] 23.0] 225]222.8] 31.3]] 285|282.2) 39.7 46| 45.6) 06.4)| 106|105.0] 14.8]] 166]164.4! 23.1]] 226)223.8] 31.5]| 286]283.2] 39.8 47| 4€.5, 06.51} 107/106.0} 14.9) 167|165.4| 23.2]! 227|224.8] 31.6]! 287/284.21 39.9 48| 47.5] ©0.7| 108]106.9) 15.0]] 168]166.4) 23.4]} 228]225.8] 31.7]| 288]285.2] 40.1 49} 48.5] 06.8]| troglt0o7,.9| 15,2/! 169]167.4} 23.5]|| 2291226.8] 31.9]] 289/286.2) 4o,2 $0} 49.5] O7.0|/ Tro|to8.y] 15.3] 170]/168.3) 23.7|| 230]227.8] 32-0] 290/287.2] 40.4 t] 50.5} O7 +1] II1/109.9) 15.4|| 171/169.3] 23.8]) 231/228.8) 32.1 —291|288.2] 40.5 52) 51.5] O7.2|| TL2jL10.9] 15.6]| 172/170.3] 23.9]! 2321229.7| 32.3]| 292/289.2] 40.6 53| $2.5] O7-4]| IL3)IIX.9] 15.7]] 173|171.3] 24.1]] 233]230.7] 32.4]] 293|290.1] 40.8 $4] 53.5] O7-5|| IT4]112.9] 15.9]] 174|172.3] 24.21] 234|231.7] 32.6] 294/291.1| 40.9 55] 54.5] O7-7]| T15|113.9] 16.0) £75/173.3] 24.4]| 235]232.7] 32.7|| 295/292.1] 41.1 56) $5.5] 07.8]| 126j114.9| 16.1), 176/174.3] 24..]] 2361233.7] 32.8]! 296)203.1) 41.2 57| 50.4] 07-9]] 117|115.9] 16.3]) 177|275.3] 24.6]) 237/234.7] 33.0l] 297/294.1] 41.3 §8] 57.4] O8.1l| r18lx16.9| 16.4)] 178)176.3] 24.8] 238]235.7| 33.11] 298/295.1| 41.5 59] 58.4} 08,2|| 119|117.8 16.6, 179|177 «3; 24.91] 2391236.7| 33.3]] 299/296.) 41.6 6o} 59.4] 08.4]! 120]/118.8] 16.7] T80]178.21-25.1|| 2401237.7| 33.4] 300/297.1] 41.8 Lat. [Dist| Dep.| Lat. | Dist| Dep.| Lat, |[Dist| Dep.| Lat. Dist] Dep.| Lat ||Dist] Dep. tor 82 Degrees. “Tt |Dist Lat. | Dep.||Dist Lat. Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. VABLE If. Differerce of Latitude and Departure for 9 Degrees. Dep.||Dist| Lat.| Dep. ee ee enn ——— —_——__—_ ee em ht rer | trie | P| ne | — | ——_——_ eee 00.2 00.3 00.5 00.6 Doves ooo0 OwO Or OMB HD ~ | Q so Ne) woo ceKwK Mem Se | | ——__— 7 . . . . . . . ee e DQ ont a ss SI ST ST “TOA Bp Dp eH yeclg WN HI se5lg nm me O }\O SHS HhHhMNAMNNNA nM DH OO 3 3 NNN] OO s i Om HP YN OWT AH 1H x ¢ me.O COMM MD DN O CO SS eS D. » & 7 OO ~~ SFO ey . Ok Aa = HNN YN ND ND YD YN YN OOOHHHHHHH oe: O COOMw& PO Wwmh bp OWOn ALPW 9 I21|119.5 122/120. 123/121 124/122 125}123 126]/124 127/125 128/126 129/127. 130|128. 131]129. 132/130. 133/131. 134/132. $oHoHhbhuUnwmur [oe] dDOoWbdDOOp PLP —<—_ | ——————— | ——_———_ | | ——|--——— mo COCRM® & O Cn~ Ayo wp QOwonnt p 141/139. 142/140. 143|141. 144|142. 145/143. 146/144. 147|145. 148]146, 149/147. 150|148. 151149. T§2|150. ta a 154/152. 155/153. 156|154. 157|155. 158]150, NNN NN YN HD NW WD OO RF HRN ee Re 18.9 19.1 19.2 19.4 19.6 19.7 19.9 20.0 20.2 20.3 Nb bv O O=0 wn i) Lan OnmTI AL WD HH OOD 21. oa ow (et ot 8 Kee ee Ce into vn Oo Onn fh bd Hw . . e ° . . e . e a Own QB YN HO COD —— | ee | | — | — - | TII|{0g. Ir2|t10. II3{111, TI4|1I2, TI5|113. Ir6|r14, II7|II5. I18|110, IIQ|II7. 120|118. Db HO ARO H co Oo 18 G0 CAtn Go e& O COonTuU pS T61|159 162|160 163|161 164|162 171/168 .9 172/169 .9 173}179.9 174|I71.9 175|172.8 176|173.8 177|174.8 178/175 .8 179|176.8 T80|177.8 181|178.8 182/179.8 183|180.7 184|181.7 185|182.7 186|183.7 187|184.7 188]185.7 189]186.7 oder 191|188.6 192|182 6 Fa tn tr CO — | ———._ | ———_ ae ae se Sete ee Bh LaMar Mnrimn SwWoOwWoOAALAh 221|218. 222/219, 2.231220. 224/231. Ze 2 Ge. F. ot er Bee .F" @ GT a. ea Oe SRR HR RR RNID NNN ND DN DW WH wD —_——— — | — | ——— | | — | |] - I | D 28 ..3]| 241/238.0] 37.7 28 .5]| 2421239.0] 37.9 28 .6]| 243]/240.0] 48.0 28.81} 244/241.0] 38.2 28.91] 245)242.0] 38.3 29.1|| 246]243.0] 38.5 29.31] 247/244.0] 38.6 29.4]| 2481244.9] 38.8 2y.O]| 249/245.9] 39.0 29-7|| 259|246-9} 39.1 29-91) 251/247.9) 39.3 29.0] 2521248.9] 39.4 30.21] 253/249.9} 39.6 30+ 3}| 254]259.9| 39.7 30.5]| 255/251.9] 3y.9 30.71! 256/252.8] 40.0 30.8)| 257|/253.8: 40. 31.0|| 2581254.8] 40.4 31.1]| 259/255.8] 40.5 31.3) 260/256.8] 40.7 31.4]| 261|257.8] 40.8 31.6}| 262}258.8] 41.0 31.8|| 2631259.8] 41.1 31.9|| 264|260.7] 41.3 32.1]| 265|261.7| 41.5 32.2|| 266/262.7) 41.6 32.4|| 267/263.7] 41.8 32.5]| 268|204.7] 41.9 32.7|| 269/265.7| 42.1 32.9]| 270|266.7] 42.2 33.0|| 271/267.7] 42.4 33.2|| 272/268.7) 42. 33+3|| 273/209.6) 42.7 33+5]| 274|270.6) 42.9 33.6]) 275|/271.6] 43.0 33:.8]| 276/272.6] 43.2 33-9]| 277/273.6| 43.3 34.1|| 2781274.6) 43.5 34.31| 279|275.6) 43.6 34-4|| 280|276.6) 43.8 34.6]| 281/277.5] 44.0 34.7|| 282/278.5] 44.1 34-9|| 2331279.5] 44.3 35.01] 2841280.5] 44.4 35.2|| 285/281.5} 44.6 35.4|| 286/282.5] 44.7 35.5]| 287/283.5] 44.9 35.7|| 288/284.5] 45.1 35.8]| 289/285.4! 45.2 36.0|] 290/286.4] 45.4 36.1|| 291|287.4] 45.5 36.3]| 292|288.4] 45.7 36.4]| 293/289.4] 45.8 36.6|| 294]290.4] 46.0 36.8]| 295|291.4] 46.1 36.9|| 296\292.4] 46.3 37-1] 297|293-3) 46.5 37.2|) 2981294.31 46,6 37.4|| 299]295.3] 46.8 37 -5|| 309|296-3] 46.9 Lat. ||Dist| Dep.| Lat. for 81 Degrees. cs es | a ed ieee! | ee | ee SS eee ee ee ee es | ee es | ee es ee em | cee femmes | fm | | | | =f | | | | | |) | Oe Lat. ||Dist] Dep.| Lat. for 80 Degrees. 26 Dist| Lat.| Dep.||Dist} Lat I] O1,0] 00.2 10.6 2| 02,0] 00.3 10.8 3] 03.0] 00.5 10.9 4] 03.9] 00.7 II.I 5} 04.9] 00.9 11.3 6] 05.9] O1.0 II.5 7| 06,9} O1.2 11.6 8] 07.9] O1.4 rips g} 08,9} 01.6 12,0 IO} 09.8] O1.7 1232 II} 10.8] O1.9 T2353 12} 11.8) 02.1 12.5 13} 12.8] 02.3 T2549 14] 13.8] 02.4 12.8 15| 14.8] 02.6 13.0 16] 15.8] 02.8 13.2 17| 16.7] 03.0 13.4 18) 17.71 (03.1 13.5 x9] 18.7] 03.3 13.7 _- 20] 19-7] 03+5 13.9 21| 20.7| 03.6 14.1 22) 21.7] 03.8 14.2 23) 22.7) 04.0 14.4 24) 23.6) 04.2 14.6 25| 24.6] 04.3 14.8 26] 25.6] 04.5 14.9 27| 26,6) 04.7 15.1 28] 27.6] 04.9 15.3 29] 28.6] 05.0 15.5 30| 29.5] 05-2 15.6 31| 30.5] 05.4 15.8 32| 31.5] 05.6 16.0 33) 32-5] 95-7 10.1 34| 33-5) 95-9 10.3 35] 34.5] 00.1 16.5 36| 35.5] 06.3 16.7 37| 36.4] 06.4 16.8 38] 37.4] 06.6 17,0 39| 38.4] 06.8 17.2 _ 40} 39-4] 06.9 17.4 41| 40.4] 07.1 1755 a] 41.4] 07.3 17.7 43] 42.3) 07.5 17.9 44! 43.3] 07.6 18,1 45| 44.3] 07.8 18.2 46] 45.3} 08.0 18.4 47, 40,3| 08.2 18.6 48| 47.3] 08.3 18,8 49| 48.3] 08.5 18.9 50| 49.2] 08.7 19.1 51} 50.2] 08.9 19.3 §2| 51.2] 09.0 19.4 53] 52-2] Oy.2 19.6 54) 53-2) 09.4 19.8 55] 54.2] 09.6 20.0 §6| 55.1] 09.7 20.1 57} 56.1] 09.9 29.3 58] 57.1] 10.2 20.5 59| 58.1] 10,2 20.7 60] 59-1} 10.4 20.8 Dist| Dep.| Lat. TABLE II. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 10 Degrees. .| Dep.||Dist| Lat. 121/119. 122|120. 123]121. 124/122. 125/123. 126|124. 127|125. 128/126, 129]127. 130/128. OOR HR HR KH HHH Db 131/129. 132]130. 133/131. 134/132. 135/132. 136|133. 137|134.9 138/135 .9 139|136.9 ONO CO 0.0 © 140|137.9 141]138.9 142/139.8 143|140.8 144|141.8 145|142.8 146]143.8 147|144.8 148]145.8 149|146.7 _150]147-7|_2 I51/148.7 152)149.7 153]150-7 I54|I51.7 15§5/152.6 15§6]153.6 157|154.6) « 158/155 .6 159|156.6 160]157.6 161 158.6] 162|159.5 163}160.5 164|161.5 165|162.8 166|163.5 167|164.5 168|165 .4 169]166.4} ¢ 170|167.4 171/168.4 172/169 .4 173|170.4 I74/171.4 175|172.3 176/173.3 177|174.3 178|175.3 179}176.3 180|177.3 Dep.|| Dist} Lat. HO COOLhW HON 26 23 .| Lat. ||Dist] Dep.| Lat. ||/Dist| Dep. Ab YP HOIARLO 181|178.3 182|179. 183|180. 184|181. 185'182. 186|183. 187/184. 188/185. 18g|186, 190|187. HAH ee DNDN ND ND DN VN 191/188. 192/189. 193]190. T94]19I. 195/192. 196|193. 197}194. 198/195. 199|196.0 200|197.0 201|197.9 202|198 .9 203/199 -9 204|200.9 205/201 .9 200/202 .9 207|203.9 208}204 .8 209}205 .8 210|206.8 211|207.8 212/208 .8 213]209.8 214|210.7 Q15|211.7 7 7 7 7 7 0000 HH HH 216/212. 217/213. 218}214. 219]215. 220|216. 4211217 .6] : 2221218 .6 2231219 .6) ; 2241220 .6 2.251221 .6 2.26|222.6 227|223.6 223/224.5 229/225 .5 230/226.5 231|227.5 232/223.5 233/229 «5 234)230.4 235)231.4 236|232.4 2371233 -4 238/234.4 239)235-4 240]236.4 0 Coto HO ODE Ao HO DARD USI Ab YW OSI Dw ‘YW OwWoIMWH HO WA 2411237 .3 242/238 .3 243}239 «3 244/240 .3 2.45|241.3 246|242.3 247/243 .2 2481244 .2 249}245 .2 250|246.2 251|247. 2521248. 253/249. 261|257.0 262|258.0 263/259 .0 264|260.0 -265|261.0 266/262 .0 2671262 .9 268/263.9 270/265 .9 271|266.9 272|267 .9 273208 .9 274/269 .8 275|270.8 276/271.8 2771272.8 2731273.8 279|274.8 280/275 .7 281|276.7 282/277.7 283/278.7 284/279.7 2851280.7 286/281 .7 2871282.6 2.88283 .6 289}284.6 290}285 .6 291|286.6 292/287 .6 2931288 .5 294/289 . 5 295|290.5 296|291.5 297|292.5 298/293 .5 299/294 -5 300/295 -4 269|264.9] - ee | ee 41.8 42.0 42.3 TABLE II. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 11 Degrees. Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. Dep.||Dist| Lat. 11.6] 1a1|118.8 _ OW CON OM PW YD O1.0 te) fo. co COW 10 SO SO 11.8 12. 12, al » Bwnocaphn oO 122|119.8 » a COoOALR NO SS ee ee eee ee eee | ee | | | | | ed as On s1 1 SI ~I ~I C0 0000 re) ‘e) nN vb _ e ° e. . * . ° ° . MmtuMmnutra AA OQ S79 58. I0g|I07 .0 IIO|108.0 eel III]IO9.0 I12|109.9 I13|110.9 II4|III.9 II5|I12.9 I16]113.9 I17|II4.9 II8}I15.8 FIQl116,8 120|117.8 Lal w Bite ene mOonT tn _ aw HO ~ItN oD teal wn Loe) ~ ww tun Lal = ~ lo yp Ocabprn 0 oOo La] [e@) tO 3 tn OD eon AD no Oo 0 COOL bp O COnmIMW p = ‘ SION HO CAD ND » N ~o T5§0|147.2 131|128. 132/129. 133}130. 134/131. 141|138.4 142|139.4 143)140.4 144|141.4 145|142.3 146|143.3 147|144.3 148/145 .3 149|146.3 151|148.2 152)149.2 1§3|150.2 I54j151.2 1§5]152.2 I I I I SS ee | ee eS ee ee | es 162|159.0 163|160.0 164|161.0 165|162.0 166|163.0 167|163.9 168|164.9 169/165 .9 170 166.9 » nr O COOfh YO 171|167.9 172|168.8 173|169.8 £74|170.8 175|171.8 176]172.8 177|'73.7 178|174.7 179)175.7 180|176.7 Lat. ||Dist| Dep. D2 201]197 .3 202/198 .3 203)199.3 204|200, 205 sue 206]202,2 207|203.2 2081204 ,2 2.09]205 .2 210}206.1 211|207.1 212|208.1 213]209.1 214|210,1 215/211. 216|212,0 217/213.0 218|/214.0 219|215.0 2.20|216.0 7|| 221/216.9 22217. 223)218 224/219 225/220. 226/221, 224|222, 2.281223. 229/224. 239/225. OO SO 00 CO OOO 10 SO NO Lat. ||Dist| Dep. .- @« « — e — . Y O COMMS e ° e e e e . . e s mOnTItntid SOn~7tn D . . e . . e ° - . . 0 CAD WP OO COND “IU W BHOnm AD ND iS) an tun n an o ed ee See i ed el a ee a Ba OC. Ss BSB, £6. «+O. 4 O,« 2. = @ OH HHH ee DDN bP ‘ ~2711266.0 2721267 .0 43-9 ————— es | ee et Eel Cece Dist| Dep.| Lat. ||Dist} Dep. 49.8 Lat. ||Dist] Dep.| Lat. for 79 Degrees. ‘ Dist TABLE II. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 12 Degrees. 2 ee | ee | ee ee ee ee = ee COMI Qin Bo bP II 13.5 AP PO CARD O Claw HOY 121/118.4| 122|119.3 123|120.3 I24]121.3 125|122.3 126|123,2 127/124.2 128/125 .2 129|126,2 130|127.2 131/128. 132/129. 133)130. 134/131. 135/132. 136|133. 137|134. 138/135. Fe ar GP aly Sefer e e . . . . e 1) I8rj177.0 182]178.0 183|179.0 184]180.0 185]181.0 186|181.9 187/182.9] 38. 188]183.9] 39. 189|184.9] ; 37.6 37.8 38.0 38.3 38.5 190]185.8 1g1|186.8 192|187.8 193|188 .8 194|189.8 195|190.7 I96|191.7 197|192.7 198|193.7 199|194.7 200|195.6 Ce ee SS ee ee: ee eee ee Ae Ab vb O Ctr% | | | | | | | | | | | | SF | Srinds HOUNDS 0 & CORR YO Cth HS I41]137.9 142]138.9 143|139.9 144/140.9 145/141.8 146|142 8 147|143.8 148|144.8 149|145.7 15§0/146.7 151\147. 152/148. 153/149. 154/150, T55|151. 156)152. 1§7/153. 158/154. T591155. 160'156. ° ° e . * J e .7 e ° . es . e . . ° . . . WHO ALD NY OC WALH!IN O COAL HOMINID 201|196.6 2021197 .6 2.03|198 .6 204/199.5 205|200.5 206]201.5 207|202.5 208}203.5 2.09}204 .4 210|205 .4 ——— 211|206.4 2121207 .4 2131208 .3 214/209. 3 215|210.3 216|211.3 217/212. 3 218/213, 219}214. 220|215. Qph YP OOO oe ef |] I | | | - | J J | — Lat. | Dep.|/Dist| Lat. OT.9} 00.2|| 61] 59.7 02.0] 00.4]] 62] 60.6 02.9] 00.6]} 63] 61.6 03.9] 00.8]/ 64] 62.6 04.9] OF.0]] 65] 63.6 05.9] OT.2|| 66} 64. 06.8} Or.5]] 67] 65.5 07.8} O1.7]| 68] 66.5 08.8} Of.g/| 69! 67.5 09.8} 02-1|] 70} 68.5 10.8] 02.3]) 71] 69.4 11.7] 02.5]| 72] 70.4 19.7) 02.97 73] 71.4 13.7] 02.9] 74) 72-4 14.7) 03-1} 75) 73.4 15.7] 93.3]] 76) 74.3 16.6] 03.5]! 77) 75.3 17.6] 03.7|| 78] 76.3 18.6] O4.0]] 79] 77.3 19.6] 04.2]| 80} 78.3 20.5) O4.4]} 81} 79.2 21.5] 04.6]| 82] 80.2 22.5] 04.81] 83] 81.2 23.5) O5.0]/ 84] 82.2 24.5] 05.2/] 85! 83.1 25.4] C5.4]] 86) 84.1 26.4) 05.61] 87| 85.1 27.4, 05.81] 88] 86.1 28.4] 06.0]] 89] 87.1 29.3] 06.2/| go} 88.0 30.3] 06.4]| gt} 89.0 31.3} 06.7]| 92] 90.0 32.3] 06.9]/ 93] 91.0 33-3} O7-1i| 94) 91.9 34.2] 07.3// 95] 92.9 35-2] ©7-5|| 96] 9369 36.2) 07.7]/ 97] 94.9 37-2) 07.9] 98] 95.9 38.1] 08.1|| 99} 96.8 _ 40} 39-1 08.3|] 100] 97.8 40.1} 08.5]| ror] 98.8 41.1] 08.7|| 102] 99.8 42.1] 08.9)| 103]100.7 43.0] 09.1] ro4]ror.7 44.0] 09.4]] 105|102,7 45.0] 09.6!) 106}103.7 46.0] 09.8] 107]104.7 47.0} I0.0]] 108/105 .6 47.9] 10.2]} 109]106.6 48.9) 10.4]] 110]107.6 49.9} 12.0]] 111]108.6 50.9] 10.8]| 112|109.6 §1.8] IL.O]] 113]110.5 52.8] Ir.2|| rrq|y11.5 §3.8] It.4]] 115]112.5 54.8] 11.6]| 116/113.5 55.8} I1.9]] 117|114.4 56.7] 12.1,| r18{115.4 §7.7| 12.3]| 119]116.4 §8.7| 12.5]| 120]117.4 e“@ . ).0/> @: 4 @~ Oa OF Om C- @ “Inn 0 COAL nD O Lat. 170/166. T61/157. 162/158. 163|159. 164/160, 165,161, eaters? 167|163, 168/164, 169]165, 177\173. 178|174. 179|175- 180|176.1 Dist et eet be eee en “we a DD NY DN DH - ° e . e e e e . HO nTin tS HO NT 35 +3 221}216. %22)217. 2231218. 224/219. 2.251220, 226)/221. 2271222, 228/223. 2.2.9|224. 2.301225» ———<$<—_ | | ——_—_ 2.311226.0 232|226.9 233227 +9 234/228 .9 235)229-9 236|230.8 2371231.8 2.38|232.8 239|233.8 2.40}234.8 Dep.| Lat. ||Dist] Dep.| Lat. ||Dist| Dep. Lat. | | for 78 Degrees. TABLE U. re 29 Difference of Latitude and Departure for 18 Degrees. Dist Lat. | Dep. Dist} Lat. Dep, Dist Lat. | Dep. Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep. I 00.21! 61} 59-4] 13.7]| 121/117.9] 27.2|| 181|176.4| 40.7|| 241/234.8] 54.2 4 00.4|| 62] 60.4} 13.9]] 122/118.9] 27.4|| 182/177.3] 40.9]] 242/235.8] 54.4 3 00.7] 63) 61.4] 14.2]| 123/119.8] 27.7|| 183]178.3] 41.2|| 2431236.8] 54.7 4 00.9]/ 64] 62.4] 14.4]] 124/120.8] 27.9]| 184]179.3] 41.4]| 244|237.7| 54.9 5 OI.1|| 65} 63.3] 14.6]] 125/121.8] 28.1|| 185/180.3] 41.6]| 245]238.7| §5.1 6 o1.3]] 66) 64.3] 14.8]| 126]122.8] 28.3]] 186]181.2] 41.8]] 246/239.7] §5.3 4 o1.6]} 67) 65.3] 15.1/| 127/123.7] 28.6]| 187/182.2| 42.11 247/240.7] 55.6 8 or.8]} 68) 66.3] 15.3]| 128]124.7] 28.8] 188/183.2! 42.3]| 248iaqz 55.8 9 02.0]] 69] 67.2] 15.5]| 129/125.7] 29.0] 189/184.2] 42.5]] 249)242.6] 56.0 fe) 02.2]| 70) 68.2} 15.7]! 130/126.7] 29.2]| 1g0]185.11 42.7]| 250]/243.6] 56.2 II 02.5|| 71] 69.2] 16.01] 131/127.6) 29.5] rgr/t86.%| 43.01] 251/244.0] 56.5 12 02.7|| 72) 70.2) 16.2]| 132/128.6] 29.7 192|187 . I G3") 2521245.5] 56 7 13) 12.7] 02.9]) 73] 71.1] 16.4]| 133|t29.6] 29.9]| 193]/£88.7! 43.4] 253/2460.5] 56.6 14] 13.6) 03.1|| 74] 72.1] 16.6|| 134|130.6} 30.1]| 194|tdy ©} 43.6]! 254/247.5] 57.1 15] 14.6] 03.4|| 75] 73-1} 16.9]] 135|131.5] 30-4]| 195|190-C] 43.9] 255|/248.5] 57-4 16] 15.6] 03.6]| 76) 74.1] 17.1|| 136]/132.5| 30.6]| 1g6|19i.0} 44.1]] 256/249.4] 57.6 17| 16.6] 03.8) 77] 78.0] 17.3]] 137/133.5| 30-8]| 197/192.0] 44.3]| 257/250.4] 57.8 18] 17.5] 04.0]) 78] 76.0) 17.5] 138]134.5] 31.0]| 198/192.9] 44.5]| 258]251.4| 53.0 19] 18.5] 04.3] 79] 77.0] 17.8]] 139|/235.4| 31-3]] 199|193.9] 44.8]] 259/252.4] 58.3 20] 19.5] 04-5]| 80] 77-9] 18.0]] 140/136.4}] 31.5|| 200]194.9] 45.0]| 260/253 58.5 21] 20.5] 04.7|| 81] 78.9] 18.2]| 141/137.4] 31.7|| 201/195.8] 45.2]| 261/254.3] 58.7 22) 21.4] O4.9]] 82] 79.9] 18.4]| 142/138.4) 31.9|| 202/196.8) 45.4]| 262/255. 58.9 | 23) 22.4) 05.2] 83] 80.9] 18.7]] 143]/139.3] 32.2|] 203|197.8] 45.7|] 263/256.3] 59.2 24| 23.41 05.4] 84] 81.8] 18.9]] 144]140.3] 32.4]] 204|198.8) 45.9]] 264]257.21 59.4 25| 24.4) 05.6), 85] 82.8] 19.1]| 145|141.3] 32.6]| 205/199.7| 46.1]| 265/258.2] 59.6 26| 25.3 05.8] 86} 83.8] 19.3]| 146]142.3] 32.8]| 206/200.7] 46.3]| 266/259.2) 59.8 27| 20.3 ob 87| 84.8] 19.6]| 147/143.2] 33.1]! 207/201.7| 46.61) 267/260, 2) 60.1 23) 27.3 06.3] 88] 85.7] 19.8]| 148/144.2] 33.3]] 208]202.7] 46.8! 268/261.1] 60.3 29} 28.3} 06.5]| 89] 86.7) 20.0]| 149]145.2) 33.5]] 209/203.6] 47.0)| 26y/262.1] 60.5 30] 29.2) 06.7/| go] 37.7) 20.21] 150)146.2) 33.7]] 210/204.6] 47.2]| 270)263.1| 60.7 31] 30.2] 07.0]| gi) 88.7] 20.5)| 151/147.1] 34.0]] 211/205.6] 47.5 32| 31.2} 07.2]| 92] 89.6] 20.7|| 152/148.1] 34.21] 212/206.6] 47.7 33| 32.21 07.4]| 93] 90 6] 20.9]] 153/149.1| 34.4]] 213/207.5] 47.9 34| 33-1] 07.6]| 94] gr 6} 21.1]} 154/150.1| 34.6], 214/208.5] 48.1 35| 34-1] 07.9]| 95] 92 6] 21.4]] 155)151.0] 34.9]| 215}209.5] 48.4 36] 35.1] 08.1]| 96} 93.5} 21.6]} 156]152.0) 35.1]| 216]210.5| 48.6 37| 36.1) 08.3]| 97] 94.5] 21.8] 157/153.0] 35.3]| 217)211.4] 48.8 38| 37-0] 08.5]| 98) 95.5] 22.0]] 158/154.0] 35.5]| 218/212.4] 49.0 39] 38.0} 08.81] 99] 96.5] 22.31) 159/154.9) 35.8]| 219]213.4] 49.3 49} 39-0} 09-0} 100] 97.4] 22.5|] 160/155.9} 36.0]] 220]214.4] 49.5 41] 39-9] 0g.2/| 101] 98.4] 22.7]] 161|156.9] 36.21] 221]/215.3] 49.7 42| 40.9] 09.4]| 102} 99.4] 22.9]| 162/157.8] 36.4]| 222]276.3] 49.9 43| 41.9] 09.7]| 103/100.4] 23.2|| 163/158.8] 36.7]|| 223/217.3] 50.2 44| 42.9] O9.g]| 1O4/1OT.3] 23.4] 164/159.8) 36.9]| 224/218.3] 50. A5| 43.8] 10.1]| 105/109.3] 23.6] 165|160,8) 37.1|| 225|219.2] 50. 46] 44.8] 10.3]| 106]103.3] 23.8]| 166|161.7) 37:3] 226/220,2] §0. 47| 45.8] 10.6]| 107|104.3}) 24.1]| 167|162.7| 37.6|| 227/221.21 51. 43| 46.8) 10.8]| 108|/105.2} 24.3]/ 168]163.7| 37.81] 228]222.2] 51. 49| 47.7] If.0j} 109|106.2) 24.5]/ 169/164.7| 38.0] 229/223.1] 51. 50] 48.7] 11.2|} 110|107.2] 24.7|| 170|165.6] 38.21] 230/224.1] §1.7 51) 49.7] I1.5]| 111|108.2] 25.0]] 171/166.6) 38.5]| 231/225.1) 52. 2 §9 7] I1.7]| 112]/109.1! 25.2] 172/167.6) 38.7]| 232/226.1] 52. §3| 51-6] IX.9}] 11Z|IIO.1} 25.4]] 173/168.6) 38.9]| 233]227.0] 52. 54] 52.6) 12.1]] 114]111.1] 25.6) 174/169.5)] 39.1]| 234/228.0] 52. 55| 53.6) 12.4]/ 115/£12.1] 25.9] 175|170.5| 39.4H 235|229.0] $2. 56] 54.6! 12.6|| 116]113.0] 26.1] 176)171.5| 39.6]| 236/230.0] 53. 57 55.5| 12.8]| 117|114.0] 26.3]! £77/172 5] 39.81] 237/230.9] $3. 58} 56.5) 13.0]] 118]115.0) 26.5]] 178|173.4| 40.0]| 238]/231.9] 53. 59| 57.5} 13-3]| 119|116.0| 26.8]| 1791174.4] 40.3]] 239/232.9] 53. 60} 58.5] 13+5]| 120]116.9] 27.0]] 180/175.4] 40.5)| 240/233.8] 54.0 Dist} Dep.} Lat. ||Dist Dep. Lat. ||Dist) Dep. ‘Lat. Dist| Dep.| Lat. ‘Dist Dep.| Lat. for 77 Degrees. | oO COOnT OM BD YD Io Se | |__| | —__ -| Lat. || Dist OI.O0 01.9 02.9 “a= 04.9 BREA DAADOUIUA WOK 3 Ww rss & So Ww 3. Com Qu moor oec OOO OHI EW DP D&O tS . se e e . ° CANT SIT OO CO oOo. fbnonnn onnn COAL FRO ODL HOnm SOOOOHHHRD TABLE JU. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 14 Degrees. 14.8]] 1a1]117.4] 29.3] 181|/175.6 Ts; ows. «els a nee Ost pO =<1tals oO HO Ap BOMBED YP 122|/118, 123/119. 124/120. 125/121. 126/122, 127/123. 128/124. 129}]125. 130/126. £31\1975% 132|128,1 133|129.0 134/130.0 135|131.0 146}132,.0 137|132.9 138/133.Y lao Dp POwWwh f 29.5 29.8 30.0 30.2 J05 . . . . —_—_—_— —— ef i | | LT 182]176.0 183|177.6 184|178.5 185|179.5 186|180.5 187|181.4 188]}182.4 189}183.4 190|184.4 I9I}185.3 192|186.3 193]187.3 T94|188. 195|189. IQ6]19o. Ig7|19I. 198192, 199}193. 200}194. S = = me DD WV 43.8]] 2411233.8 44.0 44.3 44.5 44.8 45.0 45.2 2.42|234.8 243|235 .8 2441236.8 2.45}237-7 2.46|238.7 24471239 .7 248/240 .6 2491241 .6 2.50|242.6 251|243.5 2821244.5 253|245-5 254|246.5 255|247-4 256/248 .4 257/249 .4 258|250.3 —_——. Dist} Lat. | Dep.||/Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist|} Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep. II 12 13 14 T5 16 17 18 19 20 21 O5.1|| 81 78.6] 19.6 201|195.0; 48.6]| 261/253.2| 63.1 05.3]| 82! 79.6] 19.8 2021196.0] 48.9] 262/254.2] 63.4 05.6]] 83] 80.5] 20.1 2031197.0} 49.I}} 263]255.2) 63.6 05.8] 84] 81.5] 20.3 204]197.9| 49-41 264|256.2! 63.9 06.0]] 85] 82.5] 20.6 205}198.9] 49.6]| 2651257.1) 64.1 06.3]] 86) 83.4] 20.8 206|199.9] 49.8]] 266/258.1| 64.4 06.5]| 87] 84.4] 21.0 207|200.9] 50.1] 267|259.1| 64.6 06.8]] 88] 85.4] 21.3 208/201.8] 50.41] 268]260.0] 64.8 07.0] 89] 86.4] 21.5 4 209|202.8| 50.6! 269/261.0] 65.1 07.3] go} 87.3] 21.8 : 210|203.8/ 50.81 270/262.0] 65.3 07.5|| gi] 88.3} 22.0 5 211|204.7| §1.0}] 2711263.0] 65,6 07-711 92] 89.3} 22.3 5 212/20§.7| 51.3i1 2721263.9] 65.8 08.0] 93] 90.2] 22.5 5 213'206.7| §1.5l] 2731264.9] 66.0 08.2// 94] 91.2] 22.7 wf 214|207.6] 51.81 274/265 .9| 66.3 08.5] 95] 92.2] 23.0 4 215|208 6} §2.0] 275|266.8] 66,5 08.7} 96] 93.1] 23.2 4 216|209.6} 52.31 276/267.8) 66,8 ©09.0H 97] 94.1| 23.5 3 217}210.6} §2.5]1 277/268.8] 67.0 09.2] 98) 95.1} 23.7 3 218/211.5| 52.711 278|269.7| 67.3 09.41] 9g] 96.1] 24.0 4.3 219]212.5] 53.0]| 279]270.7| 67.5 09.7|| IDO] 97.0} 24.2 2 220}213.5} §3.2|| 280|271-7] 67.7 09.9}} 101] 98.0} 24.4 .2| 38.0]] 221]214.4] §3.5|| 2811272.7| 68.0 10.21] 102) yg.O} 24.7 2) 39.2|| 222/215.4] 53.71] 282)273.6] 68.2 10.4]} 103] 99.9] 24.9]| 16: 2) 39.4|| 223/216.4] 53.9]] 283/274.6| 68.5 10.6]] to4]100.g} 25.2)| 164]159.1| 39.7|| 224]217.3) 54.2|| 284/275.6] 68.7 10.9}} 1o§}ror.g| 25.4 5 .1| 39.9]} 2251218.3] 54.4]| 285|276.5| 68.9 IT.1]} 1o6|102.9] 25.6 I} 40.2|] 226)219.3] 54.7]] 286/277.5| 69.2 I1.4]} 107|303.8] 25.9]| 167}162.0] 40.4|| 227]220.3) 54.9]] 287|278.5| 69.4 I1.6|| 108}104.8] 26.1]] 168]163.0] 40.6]] 228/221.2] 55.2] 288]279.4| 69.7 II.Qj| Iogl105.8 j164.0] 40.9]| 229/222.2] 55.4]| 289]280.4] 69.9 12.1|| 110)196.7 .O] 41.1|] 230/223.2] 55.6 290/281.4] 70.2 12.3|]} I1I}107.7 231|224.1] 55.9|| 291|282.4] 70.4 12.6]| 112/108.7 2.321225.1| 56.1|| 292/283.3] 70. 12.5]| 113|109.6 2.33|226.1! 56.4]1 293]284.3] 70.9 13.1]| 114]/110.6 2341227.0] §6.6]) 294]285.3] 71.1 13.3|| 115|111.6 2.35|228.0] 56.9|| 295|286.2! 71.4 13.5]| 116}112.6 236|229.0| 57.1|| 296|287.2] 71. 13.0|] I17}113.5 2371230.0| 57.3|| 297|288.2] 71.9 14.0|| 118]114.5 2.38]230.9] 57.6|| 298/289.1] 72.1 14.3{) TI9|TIS.5 239/231 .9] 57-9] 299]290.1) 72.3 14.5|] 120)116.4 240|232.9] 58.1|] 300}tI.1] 72.6 Dep. —_——— | —_—— } | ——_——_ | ——_— | —_—_—_—_ ] | ———__ | ———_- | ————_ | | ————_— | —_——— for 76 Degrees. TABLE IU. 31 ft Difference of Latitude and Departure for 15 Degrees. 1} 01.0) 00.3]| 61] 58.9] 15.8]] 1a1j115.9] 31.3 8) 46.81) 241}232.8] 62.4 2) OF.9] 00.5]} 62] 59.9] 16.0]] 122]117.3] 31.6]| 1821175.8] 47.1]| 242/233.8] 62.6 3) 02.9] 00.8]] 63) 60.9] 16.3]) 123]118.8) 31.8]] 183]176.8] 47.4]] 243]/234.7| 62.9 4| 03.9] OT.o}] 64] 61.8] 16.6]| raqjt1g.8) 32.1|] 184]177.7] 47.6]| 244/235.7| 63.2 5] 04.8] 01.3]| 65) 62.8) 16.8] 125/120.7] 32.4]] 1851178.7| 47.9]] 245/236.7| 63.4 6} 05.8] 01.6), 66) 63.8] 17.1]] 126]121.7] 32.6]) 186]179.7| 48.1|] 246/237.6} 63.7 7} 06.8] or.8]} 67} 64.7] 17.3]] 127|122.7] 32.9] 187|180.6] 48.4] 247/238.6| 63.9 8| 07.7] O2.4]| 68) 65.7] 17.6]| 123)123.6) 33.1|| 188]181.6] 48.7]| 248]239.5] 64.2 g| 08.7] 02.31) 69] 66.6] 17.9]] 129)124.6] 33.4] 189]182.6] 48.9]| 249]240.5] 64.4 10} 09.7} 02.6]| 7o| 67.6} 18.1]| 130/125.6] 33.6]| 190]/183.5] 49.2]] 250]241.5] 64.7 II] 10.6] 02.8!) 71} 68.6] 18.4]| 131]126.5] 32.9]] 191/184.5] 49.4]] 251/242.4] 65.0 12| 11.6} 03.1]| 72] 69.5] 18.6]| 132/127.5] 34.2]} 1921185.5] 49.7|| 2521243.4] 65.2 13} 12.6! 03.4]| 73] 70.5] 18.9]] 133/128.5] 34.4]] 1931186.4] §0.0]] 253/244.4] 65.5 14] 13.5] 03.01) 74] 71.5] 19-2]! 134!529.4] 34.7]| 194]187.41 50.2]] 2541245.3] 65.7 5] 14.5] 03.9]| 75] 72-4] 19.41] 135|230.4] 34.9]] 195|188.4] 50.5]| 255]246.3] 66.0 160] 15.5} 04.1]| 76] 73.4] 19.7]| 136)131.4] 35.2]| 196|189.3] 50.7]| 256|247.3] 66.3 17| 16.4] 04.4]! 77| 74.4] 19.9] 137|132.3] 35-5l] 197|190.3] 51.0|| 257/248.2) 66.5 18] 17.4] 04.7]] 78] 75.3} 20.2/| 138]133.3] 35.7]| 198|I91.3] 51.2|| 258]249.2) 66.8 19} 18.4] 04.9]] 79] 76.3] 20.4]] 1391134.3] 36.0] 199]192.2] 51.5]] 259/250.2) 67.0 20} 19.3] 05.2|| 805 77-3) 20.7]| 140]135.2| 36.2]| 200]193.2] 51.8]] 260]251.1] 67.3 21} 20.3] 05.4/| 81] 78.2] 21.0]] 141/136.2] 36.5] 201]/194.2] 5§2.0]/ 261|252.1] 67.6 92) 21.3) 05.7]| 82] 79.2) 21.2]| 142]137.2] 36.8]| 202/195.1] 52.3|] 262/253.1| 67.8 23| 22.2! 06.0]/ 83) 80.2] 21.5]] 143/138.1] 37.0]| 203|196.1| 52.5]] 263/254.0] 68.1 24) 23.2| 06.2]} 84l 81.1] 21.7]| 144]13y.1] 37.3]] 204/197.0] 52.8]] 264/255.0] 68.3 25| 24.1] 06.5]} 85] 82.1] 22.0] 145]140.1) 37.5]| 205/198.0] 53.1]| 265|256.0] 68.6 26] 25.1] 06.7)| 86] 83.1] 22.3]| 146]141.0] 37.8]| 206]/199.0] 53.3]| 266/256.g] 68.8 24| 26,11 07.0 7} 84.0] 22.5]| 147|142.0] 38.0]] 207/199.9] 53.6]] 267/257.9| 69.4 a8} 27.0] 07.2]| 88} 85.0) 22.8]] 148]143.0] 38.3]| 208]/200.9] 53.8]! 2681258.9] 69.4 29} 28.0] 07.5]| 89} 86.0] 23.0]] 149]143.9] 38.6]| 209]201.9] 54.1]| 269/259.8] 69.6 30| 29-0] 07.8]| go} 86.9] 23.3]] 150]144.9] 38.8|| 210]202.38] 54.4 vigils? 69.9 31} 29-9) 08.0]/ 91} 87.9) 23.6]] 151/145.9) 39.1|| 211/203.8) §4.6]| 271)261.8) 70 1 32| 30.9) 08.3]} 92] 88.9) 23.8)| 152]/146.8} 39.3]| 212/204.8] 54.9]] 272/262.7] 70.4 33 31-9) 08.51 493) 89.8) 24.11) 153]£47.8] 39.6|| 213/205.7] 55.1|| 273/263.7| 70.7 34| 32-8) 08.8]) 94] 90.8) 24.3]| 154]148.8) 39.9]] 214/206.7| 55.4]| 274/264.7| 70.9 35| 33.8] 9-1] 95] 91.8] 24.6]| 155]149.7] 40.1] 215|207.7] 55.61] 275|265.6) 71.2 36] 34.8] 09.3] 96] 92.7] 24.8]| 156]/150.7] 40.4]] 216/208.6] 55.9]| 276|266.6) 71.4 37| 35-7} 09-461] 97] 93.7] 25-1|/ 157|151.7] 40.6|| 217/209.6] 56,2] 277|267.6) 71.7 38] 30.7] 09.8] 98] 94.7] 25.41] 158]152.6] 4o.g]} 218/210.6] 56,41} 278]/268.5] 72.0 39] 37-7| 10.1I] 99] 95.6] 25.6]] 159]153.6) 41.2]| 219/211.5] 56.7|| 279]269.5|] 72.2 40| 38.6] 10.4]| 100} 96.6] 25.9]) 160]154.5] 41.4]] 220/212.5] 56.9]] 280]270.5] 72.5 AI] 39.6] 10.6!| ror] 97.6) 26.1]| 161/155.5| 41.7]] 221/213.5| 57.2|] 281|271.4] 72.7 42] 40.6] 10.9]] 102] 98.5] 26.4]| 162]156.5] 4r.g/} 222/214.4] 57.51] 282/272.4] 73.0 43] 41.5] I1.1|| 103) 99.5| 26.7]| 163/157.4] 42.2|| 223/215.4] 57.7|| 283|273-4] 73.2 44| 42.5] 11.4]| 104/100.5] 26.9]] 164/158.4] 42.4]] 224]216.4] 58.0]| 284/274.3] 73.5 45| 43.5] 11.6]| Iv5|101.4] 27.2]! 165|159.4] 42.7|| 225/217.3] 58.211 285/275.3] 73.8 46| 44.4] I1.9]| 106]102.4| 27.4]| 166]160.3] 43.0|| 226/218.3] 58.5]| 286/276.3] 74.0 47| 45.4] 12.2) 107/103.4] 27 7] 167/161.3) 43.2]| 227/219.3] 58.8}| 287/277.2) 74.3 48| 46.4] 12.4]| 108]104.3] 28 o}] 168]162.3) 43.5]| 228]220.2) 59.0]] 288]278.21 74.5 AQ| 47.3] 12.7|| Tog}105.3] 28.2]| 169|163.2] 43.7]] 229]221.2] 59.3]| 289/279.2) 74.8 50] 48.3] 12.9]| 110]106.3] 28.5]| 170]164.2] 44.0} 230]222.2] §9.5]] 290/280.1| 75.1 §1| 49.3} 13.2]| 111]107.2| 28.7}| 171|165.2] 44.3 231|223.1| 59.8]| 291/281.1| 75.3 §2| 50.2) 13.5]) 112|108.2] 29.0]| 172]166.1) 44.5]] 2321224.1| 60.0]| 292/282.1] 75.6 53) 51-2] 13.7]| 113|109.1] 29.2]! 173)167.1] 44.8]| 233/225.1| 60.3]] 293]283.0] 75.8 54| 52.2] 14.0]| I14]110.1| 29.5]| 174|168.1] 45.0]] 234/226.0] 60.6]| 294}284.0] 76.1 55] 53-1] 14.2]| 115|t11.1| 29.8]| 175/169.0] 45.3}| 235]227.0| 60.8]| 295]284.9] 76.4 56] 54.1] 14.5]| 116]112.0] 30.0}| 1761170.0) 45.6]] 236]/228.0] 61.1]| 296/285.9] 76.6 §7\ 55-1] 14.8]| 1£7|113.0] 30.3]| 177|171.0] 45.8|| 237/228.9] 61.3]| 297/286.9) 76.9 §8| 56.0) 15.0] 118]114.0] 30.5]| 178|171.9| 46.1]| 238]229.9] 61.6]| 298]287.8] 77.1 59] 57-0] 15.3]| I19|tr4.9} 30.8]] 179/172.9] 46.3]] 239|230.9] 61.9]] 299]288.8) 77.4 60] §8.0] 15.5]] r2olrr§.g} 31-1]] 180]173.9} 46.6|| 240/231.8] 62.1|| 300/289.8) 77.6 Dist| Dep.| Lat. ||Dist| Dep.| Lat. ||Dist| Dep.| Lat. ||Dist| Dep.| Lat. ||Dist| Dep.| Lat. | for 75 Degrees. 32 TABLE fI. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 16 Degtces. ‘[ist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist] Lat. | Dep.|[Dist] Lat. | Dep.| Dist] Lat. | Dep. 181]174 182/174 1831175 184/176 121/116.3} ; .O 9 9 9 185]177.8 8 8 7 “7 6 I22|T17.: 123}118. 124/119. 125|120. 126|/121, 127/122, 128/123. 129/124. 130/125. 131/125. 132/126, 133)127. 134/128. 135/129. 136/130. 137|131. 138/132.7] 36. a 139|133. *¢ . T40|134 ou} 38. é I41|135.5 142]130.5 143}137-5 144/138 .4 145|139.4 3 3 3 2 2 O1.0] 00.3/] 61 00,6]; 62 00.8]/ 63 OI.1|| 64 O1.4 01.7 241}231.7 242|232.6 243]233.6 24.4/234.5 245/235 -5 186/178 246]230.5 187/179 4 188]180 4 18g]181 4 1go|182 3 247|237 248/238 2.49)239 250]240 251|241.3 2°2/242.2 25 3|243.2 254)244.2 IT I fe) Oo C~I Ow BOS bd Wwf HhUMN AAD db Own DoS Ob HS x ODM On~IM Pwo aR b 4 OMe Cds ‘ 255/245. 2561246, 257|247. 2581248 0 259|249.0 260]249 .9 261|250.9 262/251 .9 263/252.8 2641253 .8 265|254.7 2.06|/255.7 267}256.7 2.68}257 .6 269}258 .6 270)259+5 271|260.5 292/261 .5 2731262 .4 2741263 «4 2751264 .3 276}265 .3 2771266, 3 2.781267 .2 279/268 .2 280|269..2 281|270.1 282|271.1 283|272.0 284|273.0 285]274.0 286|274.9 287/275 .9 288]276.8 169|162, 289|277.8 170/163. 290|278.8 171|164.4] 47.1|| 231 63.7) 291|279.7 gt. tee kee Ge eet es Ctr pwon pw HM OCtn DSO mT HOON MIAO Cites ed bs Lae O ENE e . e e . e . . e . HNWww Pp HUN 6 6 5 5 4 4 4 3 a 3 Gn eon O nS eK °C eae OOOOH HHDDNDY 146/140, I47|141. 148/142, 149|143. 1§o|144. I§1|145. 152/146, 153)147. 154/148. T55)149. 156|150, 1§7|150. I58\ISI. I§9|152. 100)153. 161|15§4.8 162|155. 163/156. 164/157. 165/158, 166/159. 167|160, 168|161, Om YN WO DW # CO f NAR OI COCKS, . ° . . . . ° . . . Ctnts OnmnHh VPNwWO DO COO 00 OF HF HN intintintntintntn yb bb 92.3 93.2 95} 94.2 99| 95.2 100] 96.1 IOT] 97.1 102| 98.0 103] 99.0 IO4]100.0} ¢ 10§|100.9 IO6{IOI.9 107|102.9 108|103.8 Tog}104.8} ; TIO|105.7] : I11]106.7 Y12|107. T13|108. I14}109. TI5|LIO. Tr6j1I1. TI7|112. II8j113. 16,3]! rrg|tr4. 16.5|| ¢20]115. Dep.| Lat. |\Dist| Dep.| Lat. ||Dist| Dep.| Lat. |/Dist] Dep.| Lat. ||Dist| Dep.| Lat_ for '74 Degrees. nt intntnrtn . . ° ° . . e . . . . e . e HAP FH OMS Onmh 0 LO oH et OOWn b (ome) WOOO COCO CO) INIT AAD Ne) Le | & Doo ONItn PO QB Hw . . . e e e . e e . tntn WO Q~I SIS CO an te) ‘oO ¢ t Sua sears sal aed? ah arte SG OE PL NT: BT oe heen Crp O~D HCO QD 0 Om nonrh w& C He DH HtoOWwWDH Hb BH COO On? 172|165.: : 63.9]| 292/280.7 173/166. : 64.2|| 293|281.6 174/167. ‘ 64.5]} 294|282.6 175/168. : 64.8]] 295|283.6 176/169. .! 65.1]] 296/284.5 177|170.1) 48. 65.3|| 297]285.5 178|171. ; 65.6]| 298|286.5 179|172, 65.9] 299)287.4 180!173. 49. 66.2|| 300)288.4 HON DP OWE HS AID a ee, eS | eee ee eee | eee ee Oe SSS TABLE It. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 17 Degrees. . | Dep.||Dist} Lat. Dep.||Dist} Lat. 181|173.1 182]174.0 183|175.0 184!176.0 185|/176.9 186|177.9 187|178.8 188/179 .8 ewes | | | | | | - | | | | | | | |] | I~) Nv o £2 eh. 6) 2 0: se \0.. +o ww SH COM YPNWO DAD 191|182.7 tap 183.6 193|184.6 194/185 .5 195|186.5 196|187.4 197|188 .4 198/189 .3 199}19°.3 200]I19T .3 201|192.2 202|193.2 203\194.1 204/195 .1 205]196.0 206|197.0 207|198 .0 208/198 .9 209/199. 210/200. 211|201.8 212/202. 2.13|203. 214|204. iS) al ON i>) (2) ON HPN ADA Os 33 Dep.}Dist] Lat. | Dep. ee | a, aes —— | —___.. SS ee ee _— —s _ -_— | ——— | | | | | | SF | | SS | | | I | | Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat I} OI.0} 00.3|] 61] 58.3 2) O1.9 wo.% 62) 59.3 3] 02.9] 00.9]] 63] 60.2 4| 03.8] OF.2]] 64] 61.2 5] 04.8] O1.5|| 65] 62.2 6] 05.7] Or.8]] 66] 63.1 41 06,7} 02.0]] 67] 64.1 8} 07.7] 02.3]/ 68) 65.0 9] 08.6] 02.6]| 69] 66.0 10] 09.6] 02.9]} 70] 66.9 I1| 10.5] 03.2] 71| 67.9 12] 11.5] 03.5]] 72 pag 13] 12.4] 03.8] 73] 69. 14] 13.4] 04.1]! 74] 70.8 15] 14.3] 04.4]] 75] 71.7 16] 15.3} 04.7|| 76] 72.7 17} 16.3] 05.0] 77! 73.6 18] 17.2] 05.3]] 78] 74.6 Ig] 18.2] 05.6]| 79] 75.5 20] 19-1 05.8]] 85] 76.5 21] 20.1] 06.1] 81] 77.5 22] 21.0] 06.4]| 82] 78.4 23] 22.0] 06.7/| 83] 79.4 24] 23.0] 07.0!] 84] 80.3 25] 23.9] 07.3|| 85] 81.3 26] 24.9] 07.6]) 86] 82.2 27) 25.8] 07.9/| 87) 83.2 28| 26.8} 08.2]! 88] 84.2 29] 27.7] 08.5|| 89] 85.1 30| 28.7] 08.8]| go] 86.1 31| 29.6] 09.1 1} 87.0 321 30.6] 09.4 es 83.0 33} 31.6] 09.6]| 93] 88.9 34| 32-5] 09.9]] 94] 89.9 35) 33-5| 10.2]] 95} 90.8 36] 34.4] 10.5|| 96) 91.8 37) 35-4] 10.8]| 97] 92.8 38] 36.3] II.1]| 98] 93.7 39| 37-3] 11.41 99] 94.7 40] 38.3] IT.7]| 100] 95.6 AI] 39.2} 12.0]] ror} 96.6 42| 40,2] 12.3]| 102] 97.5 43] 41,1] 12.6]] 103] 98.5 44] 42.1] 12.9]| 104] 99.5 45] 43.0] 13.2]| 105]100.4 46| 44.0] 13.4|] 106]/101.4 47| 44.9] 13.7|| 107|/102.3 48] 45.9] 14.0]| 108]103.3 49| 46.9] 14.3]] 109|104,2 50] 47.8] 14.6]| rroj105.2 51| 48.8] 14.9|| 111|106.1 §2| 49.7| 15.2|| 112|107.1 53| 50.7] 15.5]] 113|108.1 54] 51.6) 15.8]] 114]109.0 55] 52.6] 16.1]| I15|II0.0 56] 53.6] 16.4|| 116|110.9 57| 54.5] 16.7]| 117|111.9 s8] 55.5] 17.0)| 118]112.8 59, 56.4] 17.2|] 119]113.8 17-5]| 120|114.8 I21}115.7} 35.4 122}116.7| 35.7 123|117.6] 36.0 124|118.6] 36.3 125|119.5| 36.5 126]120.5] 36.8 127|/121.5] 37.1 128|122.4| 37.4 129)123.4] 37-7 130|124.3] 38.0 131|125.3| 38.3 132|126.2| 38.6 133|127.21 38.9 134|128.1] 39.2 135|129.1) 39-5 136|130.1} 39.8 137|131.0] 40.1 138]/132.0] 40.3 139|132.9} 40.6 _140]133-9] 40-9 141|134.8] 41.2 142|135.8] 41.5 143|136.8] 41 8 144|137.7| 42.1 145]138.7| 42.4 140|139.6] 42.7 147|140.6] 43.0 148|141.5} 43.3 149]142.5] 43.6 150|143.4] 43-9 151/144.4] 44.1 1§2|145.4] 44.4 153|140.3| 44.7 154}147.3) 45.0 155|148.2] 45.3 156/149.2] 45.6 157|150.1] 45.9 I58|151.1| 46.2 159|152.1| 46.5 160]153.0] 46.8 161|154.0| 47.1 162/154.9| 47-4 163/155.9| 47-7 164|156.8] 47.9 165|157.8| 48.2 166]158.7| 48.5 167|159.7| 48.8 168|160.7] 49.1 169|161.6} 49.4 170|162.6] 49-7 171|163.5| 50.0 172|164.5] 50.3 173|165.4| 50.6 174|166.4] 50.9 175|167.4] 51.2 176/168.3] 51.5 177|169.3| 51.7 178|170.2] 52.0 179|277 .2) 52.3 180]172.1] 52.6 E 231|220. 232\221. 2.33|222. 234/223. 235|224. 236/225. 2.37\226. 238/227. > 228.6 2.40|229.5 A Ams CO COW SO 52.9]] 2411230.5] 70.5 53-2|| 242/231.4! 70.8 53+5|| 243/232.4| 71.0 53.8]| 244]/233.3] 71.3 54.1] 245]234.3] 71.6 54.4]] 246/235.3] 71.9 54.7|| 2471236,2] 72.2 55 +O}] 240/237.2) 72.5 55+3]] 249/238.1} 72.8 55-6} 250/239.1| 73.1 ° 558i] 251|240.0] 73.4 56.1]! 252/241.0} 73.7 56.4]| 253/241.9] 74.0 56.7] 254]242.9] 74.3 57-0] 255|243.9] 74.6 57+3|| 256/244.8] 74.8 57.6]| 257|245.8] 75.1 57-9]| 258]246.7] 75.4 58.2] 259/247.7| 75.7 58.51] 260/248.6] 76.0 58.8]| 261/249.6) 76.3 59-1]| 262/250.6] 76.6 59-4]| 263]/251.5| 76.9 59-6]| 264/252.5] 77.2 59-9]] 265|253-4| 77.5 60.2]| 266]254.4] 77.8 60.5" 267/255.3| 78.1 60.81] 268/256.3] 78.4 61.1|| 269/257.2] 78.6 61.4]| 270|258.2] 98.9 61.7|| 271|/259.2] 79.2 62.0]] 272/260.1| 79.5 62.3]] 273/261. 49-84 62.6]] 274|262.0] 80.1 62.9|| 275|263.0] 80.4 63.2|| 276/263.9] 80.7 63.4]] 277|264.9] 81.0 63.7]| 2781265 .9] 81.3 64.0|| 279/266.8) 81.6 64.3] 280/267.8] 81.9 64.6]| 281/268.7| 82.2 64.9]| 282/269.7] 82.4 65.2]| 283/270.6] 82.7 65.5|| 284/271 6] 83.0 65.8]| 285|272.5] 83.3 66.1]| 286]/273.5] 83.6 66.4|| 2871/274.5| 83.9 66.7|| 288/275 .4] 84.2 67.0|| 289]276.4| 84.5 67.2|| 290/277.3] 84.8 67.5|| 291/278.3| 85.1 67.8]| 292/279.2] 85.4 68.1|| 293]280.2] 35.7 68.4)| 294/281.2], 86.0 68.7]|| 295|282.1| 86.2 69.0}} 296|283.1| 86.5 69 3]| 297|284.0] 86.8 6g .6|| 298]285.0| 87.1 6y.9|| 299|285.9} 87.4 70.2\1 300/286.9] 87.7 for 73 Degrees. TABLE II. Difference of Latitade and Departure for 18 Degrees. er | | | le | | | | | — || — | — —- | | nf crs || mm | of | | | | | Lat. ||/Dist!} Dep. 34 Dist| Lat. I] OL.0} 00.3|| 61] 58.0 2} O1.g} 00.6]| 62] 59.0 3 at 00.9]} 63! 59.9 4| 03.8] O1.2/| 64] 60.9 5} 04.8] O.5}f 65] 61.8 6} 05.7] OL.g]] 66} 62.8 71 06.7] 02.2]] 67) 63.7 8} 07.6] 02.5]] 68] 64 g} 08.6] 0248}] 69) 05 10] 09.5] 03.1]| 70} 66 Ii} 10.5] 03.4]] 71] 67 12| I1.4| 03.7 2) 68 13] 12.4] 04.0] 73] 69 14] 13.3] 04.3]|, 74] 70 15| 14.3] 04.6]| 75] 71 16] 15.2] 04.9]| 76] 72 17| 16.2] ©5.3]] 771 73 18] 17.1] 05.6)) 78) 74 9] 18.1] ©5.9]) 79] 75 20] 19.0] 06.2] 80} 76.1 21| 20.0] 06.5]} 81] 77.0 22) 20.9] 06.8]) 82] 78.0 23) 21.9] O7.1]| 82) 78.9 24] 22.8] 07.4]] 84! 79.9 25) 23.8] O7.7|| 85} 80.8 26] 24.7] 08.0]] 86] 81.8 27| 25.7| 08.3]| 87! 82.7 28] 26.6] 08.7]1 88] 83.7 29] 27.6] 09.04 80} 84.6 30] 28.5] 09.3]} go} 85.6 31] 29.5] 09.6]} gi} 86-5 32] 30.4] 09.9]1 ga] 87.5 33] 31.4] 10.2)| 93] 88.4 34] 32.3] 10.5]| 94} 89.4 35] 33-3] 10.8}! 95] 90.4 36) 34.2] IX.1]} 96) 91.3 37] 35-2) IL.41) 97) 92-3 38] 36.1] 11.7]] 98] 93.2 39] 37.1| 12.1] 99] 94.2 40] 38.0] 12.4|] roo} 95.1 AI} 39.0] 12.7]! ror] 96.1 421 39.9] 13.0]| 102] 97.0 43] 40.9} 13.3]] 103] 98.0 44| 41.8] 13.6]] tog} 98.9 45} 42.8) 13.9]] tos] 99.9 46) 43.7] 14.2|] 106}100.8 47) 44.7] 14.5)| 107|101.8 48] 45.7] 14.8] 108]T02.7 49| 46.6] 1§.1]| 109/103.7 50] 47-6] 15.5]| trojro4.6 51; 48.5] 1§.8]] rr1]/105.6 52] 49.5] 16.1|| 112]/106.5 $3] 50.4] 16.4]] 113]107.5 54] 51.4] 16.7|| 114]108.4 55] 52-3] 17.0]] 115]109.4 §6] 53.3] 17.3|] 116|110.3 57| 54.2] 17.6] r17/11T.3 58] 55.2] 17.9]] 118}/112.2 59] 56.1] 18.2]| r19]113.2 60] 57.1] 18.5]| r20]114 1 Dist} Dep.| Lat. ||Dist| Dep. Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist 18.9|} 121|115.1 19.2|| 122|116.0 19.5|| 123|117.0 1g.8|| 124]117.9 20.1] 125/118.9 20.4|| 126]119.8 20.7|| 127/120.8 21.0|] 128/121.7 21.3|| 129/12%.7 21.6]| 130]123.6 al 131}124. 22 132/125, 22 133/126, 22 134|127. 23 135/128. 23 136/129. 23 137|130.; 24 138|131. onto oO Ow O ImI BD HH CON HYDO WHO 24 139/132. 24 I40|1 33.1 25 I41|134.1 25 142]135.1 25.6]| 143]136.0 26 144|137.0 26.3]) 145/137.9 26 146|138 .9 26.9]| 147|139.8 27.21] 148|140.8 27.5]| 149|141.7 27.8}) I§0|142.7 28.1}] 1§1|%43.6 28.4] 152/144.6 28.7|| 153]145.5 29.0}] 154|146.5 29.4]) 155|147.4 29.7]|| 156|148.4 30.0] 157/149.3 39.3}} 158]150.3 30,6]] I§9}I51.2 30.9] 160|152.2 31.2] 161/153.1 31.5|| 162/154.1 31.8]; 163/155 .0 32.1|| 164|156.0 32.4] 165|156.9 32.8]| 166/157.9 33.1]| 167|1§8.8 33.4|| £68}159.8 33.7|| 169|160.7 34.0l] 170|161.7 34.3|| 171|162.6 34.6]| 172/163.6 34.9|] 173}164.5 35.4l1 174/165.5 35.5] 175|166.4 35.8]] 176)167.4 36.2]] 177/168.3 36.5|| 178/169.3 36.8]| 179|170.2 37.1|| 180|171.2 Lat. \|Dist| Dep. Lat. | Dep.|| Dist} Lat. | Dep. Dep. Dist} Lat. 37-4]| 181/172-1) 55.9 74-5 37-7|| 182/173.1| 56.2 74.8 33.0]] 183/174.0} 56.6 95.1 38.3]| 184/175.0] 56.9 75.4 38.6|| 185|/175.9] 57.2 m5. 38.9|| 186)170.9] 57.5 76.0 39.2|| 187|177.8] 57.8 76.3 39.6|| 188/178.8] 58.1 76.6 39-9|] 189/179.7| 58.4 76.9 40.21} 190]180.7] 58.7 4903 40.5|| 1g1]181 ).0 77.6 40.8]| 192/182 “4 9 9 AI.1|| 193/183 .6 6) 78.2 4I.4]] 194)184 9 78.5 41.7|] 195/185 R 78.8 42.0]] 196/186 : 99.1 42.3]} 197/187 79-4 42.6}| 198]188 19-7 43.0|] 199|189 0.0 43+3]} 200]190 80.3 —|——— |——____] |---| ——————— | — | | | | — ». ors Suet so e8: ow ae ee ee “ICOHOS OOF HSH DIlnisWw hh QAO id 261|248.2 43.6]| 201/191 80.7 43.9|] 202/192 262/249.2] 81.0 44.2]| 203/193. 2631/250.1] 81.3 44.5]] 204/194. 264/251.1] 81.6 44.8]] 205/195. 265|252.0] 84.9 45.1|| 206/195. 266|253.0| 82.2 45.4]| 207/190, 267|253.9| 82.5 45.7|| 208/197. 268}254.9] 82.8 46.0! 209]198, .6|] 269]255.8] 83.1 46.4]] 2r0]Ty9. Ql] 270/256.8] 83.4 46.7]| 211|200.7| 65.2]] 271/257.7] 83.7 47.0]] 212/201.6) 65.5]] 2721/258.7] 84.1 47.3] 213]202.6] 65 .8]| 2731259.6) 84.4 47.6|| 214]203.5! 66.1]| 274|260.6, 84.7 47 gl} 215]204.5] 66.4]] 275]261.5] 85.0 48.2]| 216]205.4] 66.7]| 276/262.5) 85.3 48.5]| 217/206.4) 67.1]! 277/263.4] 85.6 48.8]] 218]207.3] 67.4]| 2731264.4| 85.9 49.1}| 219|208.3] 67.7]] 279/265 .3] 86.2 49.4|| 220]209.2] 68.0]] 280/266.3] 86.5 49.8]} 221/210,.2] 68.3]] 281/267.2) 86.8 §0.1]] 222/211.1| 68.6]| 282/268.2] 87.1 §0.4|| 223]/212.1] 68.9]] 283]269.1 Ble §0.7|| 224}213.0] 69.21] 284/270.1] 87. §1.0]| 225]214.0} 69.5]] 285ja7r.1| 83 & §1.3]| 226/214.9] 69.8]| 286]272.0] 88.4 51 6|| 227/245.9] 79.11] 287/273.0] 88.7 51.9]| 228 21.8 70.5|| 288)273.9] 89.0 §2.21| 229/217.8] 70.8]| 289/274.9] 89.3 2.5|| 230/218.7| 71.11] 290]275.8)] 89.6 §2.8]] 231]219.7| 71.4]| 291/276.8) 89.9 53.2]| 232/220.6) 71.7]] 292/277.7) 90.2 53.51] 233/221 6] 72.0]] 293/278.7| 90.5 53.5|| 234/222.5] 72.3]1 294|279.6) 90.9 54.11 235|223.5| 72.6]| 295/280.6] 91.2 §4.4]| 236/224.4] 72.9]] 296/281.5 ee §4.7|| 2371225.4] 73.21] 297/282.5) OT. §§.O]] 238]226.4] 73.5]| 298)283.4) y2.1 55-3]] 239|227.3] 73-9] 299]284.4) 92.4 §5.6]| 240/228.3] 74.2]| 300/285 .3] 92.7 Lat. ||Dist] Dep.} Lat. for 72 Degrees. TABLE WU, Difference of Latitude and Departure for 19 Degrees. Dist} Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.|| Dist} Lat. | Dep.)|Dist] Lat. | Dep./Dist} Lat.| Dep. I} 00.9 61 121|114.4] 39.4]] 181/T71.1] 58.9 78.5 2| OL. 62 122|115.4| 39.7]| 182|172.1] 59.3 78.8 3] 02.8 63 123|116.3] 40.0]] 183]/173.0] 59.6]| 243/229.8] 79.1 4} 03.8 64 124}117.2) 40.4]} 184]174.0] $9.9]) 244)/230.7| 79.4 5] ©4.7 65 125|118.2] 40.7|| 185|174.9] 60.2)! 245/231.7| 79.8 6] 05.7 66 126|II9.1} 41.0} 186)175.9}] 60.61) 246/232.6) 80.1 7| 06.6 67 127|120.1} 41.3|] 187|176.8| 60.9] 247/233.5} 80.4 8] 07.6 68 128|121.0]} 41.7|| 188!177.8] 61.21] 248/234.5) 80.7 . 9] 08.5 69 129|122.0] 42.0|| 189/178.7] 61.5] 249)235.4| 81.1 10} 09.5 70 130|T22.9] 42.3|| I19Q/179.6] 61.9g}] 250)/236.4] 81.4 71 131|123.9| 42.6] 191/180.6) 62.2 81.7 72) 68. 132|124.8] 43.0]] 192|181.5) 62.5 82.0 73\ 69. 133/125 .8] 43.3|| 193/182.5] 62.8 82.4 74 134|126.7] 43.6] 194|/183.4] 63.2 82.7 75 135|127.6| 44.0|| 195|184.4] 63.5 83.0 76 136|128.6] 44.3]] 196/185 .3] 63.8 83.3 77 137|129.5] 44.6] 197|186.3) 64,1 83.7 78 138|130.5] 44.9|| 198|187.2) 64.5 84,0 79 139|131.4| 45.3]| 199|188.2) 64.8 84.3 80 140|132-4] 45.6} 200/189.1] 65.1 5 84.6 81 141|133-3] 45.9|| 201/190.0] 65.4|| 261/246.8} 85.0 32 142|134.3} 46.2]! 202/191.0] 65.8]} 262/247.7] 85.3 83 143|135-2| 46.6]| 203)191.9| 66.1]! 263/248.7] 85.6 84 144|136.2] 46.9|| 204/192.9}] 66.4]| 264|249.6] 86.0 85 145|137-1} 47.2|| 205/193.8] 66.7]) 265/250.6) 86.3 .O] 47.5 .8| 67.11] 266/251.5] 86.6 : 9 .7| 67.4]| 267/252.5| 86.9 , 2 .7| 67.7|| 268/253.4| 87.3 O. 5 .6| 68.0]] 269/254.3] 87.6 go 150|141.8] 48.8]| 210/198.6} 68.4]| 270/255.3] 87.9 gI 151|142.8| 49.2|| 211|199.5] 68.7]| 271/256.2| 88.2 92 15211437] 49.5|| 212/200.4] 69.0 33.6 93 153|144.7| 49.8|| 213|201.4] 69.3]] 273/258.1| 88.9 94 154|145.6] 50.1|] 214/202.3] 69.7]| 274/259.1| 89.2 95 155|146.6] 50.5]|| 215|203.3] 70.0]| 275|260.0) 89.5 6 §0.8]| 216|204.2] 70.3]] 276|261.0] 89.9 70.6]| 277|261.9] 90.2 71.0 2.9! 90.5 109|I03.1 IIO|I04.0 ees | | | | | — | — | | S|! | - | | | I I I OO .| Lat. ||Dist]| Dep. : 102 96.4 33.2 7 103) 97-4] 33-5 6 104] 98.3] 33-9 os) 105} 99-3} 34.2 5 I06|100.2] 34.5 4 I07|I10I.2| 34.8 4 108|302.1] 35.2 3 5 ‘3 8 51| 48.2 III]IO5.0] 36.1 52] 49.2 II2|105.9| 36.5 53] 50.1 113/106.8] 36.8 54| 51.1 II4|107.8] 37.1 55| 52.0 I15]108.7| 37.4 56] 52.9 I16|109.7| 37.8 57| 53-9 II7|110,6| 38.1 58| 54.8 T18|111.6] 33.4 : TIQ|II2.5| 38.7 I20|113.5| 39.1 mie | ff | | | | fe | | | | | | | | S ‘4 .O] 72.0}] 2811265.7] 91.5 162|1153.2| §2.7|| 222|209.9] 72.3]| 282/266.6) g1.8 163]/154.1| 53.1|| 223/210.9] 72.6 6] 92.1 164|155.1| 53.4] 224/211.8] 72.9 -5| 92.5 165|156.0] §3.7|| 2251212.7| 73.3 -5| 92.8 166|157.0] 54.0]| 226/213.7] 73.6 -41 93.1 167|1§7.9| 54.4|| 227/214.6] 73.9 4) 93.4 168]153.8| 54.7]| 228]215.6] 74.2 3} 93.8 169]159.8] 55.0|| 229/216.5] 74 6 -3] 94.1 170|160.7] 55-+3}| 230|/217.5| 74.9 -21 94.4 171|161.7] 55.7|| 231|218.4] 75.2 I] 94.7 172|162.6] 56.0]| 232/219.4] 75.5 bod Pes ed 173|163.6) 56.3}| 233|220.3] 75.9 -Ol 95.4 174|164.5] 56.6|| 234/221.3] 76.2|] 294/278.0] 95.7 175|165.5| 57-0|| 235|222.2] 76.5|| 295/278.9] 96.0 176|166.4| 57.3|| 236|223.1| 76.8]| 296 279-9 96.4 177|167.4] §7.6|| 237|224.1| 77.2]| 297/280.8] 96.7 178|168.3) §8.0|| 238}225.0] 77.5|| 298/281.8] 97.0 179|169.2| §8.3|] 239|226.0] 77.8|| 299/282.7) 97.3 180|170.2| §8.6]] 240}226.9] 78.1]| 300/283.7] 97.7 Lat. || Dist| Dep. . ||Dist] Dep.| Lat. F 2 for 71 Degrees. enc RCESRETenEt ee NEE 36 TABLE II. . Difference of Latitude and Departure for 20 Degrees. Dist} Lat. | Dep.||Dist] Lat. | Dep.||Dist} Lat. | Dep.||/Dist} Lat. | Dep.||/Dist| Lat. | Dep. I] 00,9} 00.3|/ 61| 57.3] 20.9]| 121/113.7] 41.4 “181 170.1] 61.9]| 241/226.5] 82.4 2} OT.9] 00.7|/ 62] 58.3] 21.2]| 122/114.6) 41.7|| 182/1712.0] 62.21} 2421227.4) 82.8 3} 02.8] OL.ol] 63] 59.2] 21.5]| 123/115.6] 42.1]] 183]/172.0] 62.6|| 243/228.3] 83.1 4| 03.8] or.4|| 64] 60.1] 21.9]| 124/116.5! 42.4]| 184]172.9] 62.9]| 244/229.3] 83.5 5| 04.7] O1.7|| 65] 61.1] 22.2)] 125/117.5] 42.8]] 185/173.8] 63.3]1 245|230.2] 83.8 6} 05.6] 02.1]! 66] 62.0] 22.6]/ 126/118.4] 43.11] 186]/174.8] 63.6]| 246/231.2] 84.1 7} 06,6] ©2.4|| 67] 63.0] 22.9]| 127/119.3] 43.4]| 187/175.7] 64.0]| 247/232.1| 84.5 8] 07.5] 02.7] 68] 63.9] 23.3]| 128/120.31 43.8]! 188]176.7| 64.3]| 248]233.0| 84.8 g} 08.5] 03.1|] 69} 64.8] 23.6!| 129/T21.2) 44.1! 189]177.6) 64.6]| 249]234.0| 85.2 __10} 09.4] 03-4] 70) 65.8) 23-9] 130/122.2] 44.5|| 190/T78.5] 65.0 _250)234.9 85.5 11} 10.3] 03.8]| 71] 66.7] 24.3]) 131 123.1] 44.8 191|179.5| 65.3]| 251/235.9] 85.8 12 11.3] O4.1]] 72] 67.7| 24.6|] 132/124.0] 45,1]| 192|180.4] 65.7|| 252]236.8)] 86.2 13] 12.2] 04.4)] 73] 68.6] 25.0]| 133/125.0] 45.5]] 193/181.4| 66.0] 2531237.7] 86.5 14] 13.2] 04.8]! 74] 69.5] 25.3]] 134|125.9] 45.8]! 194|182.3] 66.41! 2541238.7] 86.9 15] 14.1] 05.1]] 75] 70.5] 25.7]] 135|126.9] 46.2] 195|183.2] 66.7]| 255]239.6] 87.2 16] 15.0] 05.5] 76] 71.4] 26.0]| 136/127.8] 46.5]| 196/184.2] 67.0}| 256)240.6] 87.6 17| 16,0} 05.8] 77] 72.4) 26.3]/ 137/128.7) 46.9]! 197/185.1] 67.4]| 257/241.5] 87.9 18] 16,9) 06.2]| 78] 73.3] 26.7]| 1381129.7] 47.2/| 198/186.1| 67.7]| 258)242.4) 88.2 Iy| 17.9] 06.5]] 79] 74.2! 27.0|] 139/T30.6] 47.5]] 199|187.0] 68.11] 259]243.4] 88.6 20] 18.8] 06.8]! 80] 75.2) 27.4]| 140/131. het 47 .9}} 200]187.9] 68.4] 260)244.3} 88.9 a1} 19.7] 07.2]! 81} 76.1] 27.7]| 141/132.5! 48.2/| 201/188.9] 68.7|| 261/245.3] 89.3 Q2| 20.7] 07.5|| 82] 77.1] 23.0] 142/133.4] 48.6]| 202/189.8] 69.1]! 262)246.2] 89.6 23| 21.6] 07.9]! 83] 78.0] 28.4]| 143/134.4] 48.9]] 203/190.8] 69.4]| 263]247.1| 90.0 24] 22.6] 08.2/| 84} 78.9] 28.7]] 144]135.3) 49.3|| 204/191.7| 69.8]| 2641/248.1] 90.3 25} 23.5] 08.6]] 85] 79.9] 29.21] 145|136.3] 49.6]) 205|192.6] 70.1)| 2651249.0] 90.6 26| 24.4] 08.9]] 86} 80.8] 29.4]] 146/137.2] 49.9]| 206/193.6] 70.5]| 266}250.0] 91.0 271 25.4] 09.2)! 87) 81.8} 29.8! 147/138.1] 50.3]| 207|194.5| 70.8]| 267/250,9] 91.3 28] 26.3! 09.6]| 88] 82.7] 30.1)! 148!139.1} 50.6|| 208]195.5] 71.1/| 268)251.8] 91.7 29) 27.3] 09.9|| 89] 83.6] 30.4]| 149|140.0] 51.0)] 209/196.4] 71.5|| 269]252.8) 92.0 30| 28.2} 10.3]] gol 84.6) 30.8]! 1so0/141.0 St 2IO}I97 .3].71.8 _272}253 +7) 9203 31| 29.1} 10.6]| gr} 85.5] 31.2]| 151/141.9| 51.6]] 211/198.3] 72.2]| 271/254.7] 92.7 32] 30.1] 10.9]| 92} 86.5] 31.5]| 152/142.8] 52.0]] 212/199.2] 72.5]| 272/255.6| 93.0 33} 31.0] 11.3]] 93] 87.4] 31.8]] 153/143.8] 52.3]] 213]200.2] 72.9]] 273125€.5) 93.4 34| 3-9| 11.6] 9a) 88.3] 32.3|] 1541244.7] 52.7]| 214|20r.1| 73.2\! 2741257.5| 93.7 35] 32-9] 12.0]] 95] 89.3] 32.5]] 155]145.7| 53.0]] 215/202.0] 73.5]] 2751258.4) 94.1 36] 33.8] 12.3]| 96] 90.2] 32.8!) 156/146.6] 53.4]! 216/203.0] 73.9]| 276]259.4| 94.4 37| 34-8] 12.7]| 97] 91.2) 33.2)) 157/147.5] 53.7|| 217|203.9) 74.2|| 277/260.3) 94.7 38] 35.7] 13.0]] 98] 92.1] 33.5]! 158]148.5] 54.0] 218]204.9) 74.6]| 2781261.2) 95.1 39] 36.6] 13.3]] 99] 93.0} 33.9]] 159|149.4] 54.4|| 219]205.8] 74.9] 2791262.2) 95.4 40| 37.6] 13.7|| 100] 94.0] 34.2]} 160]150.4] §4.7]| 220]206.7] 75.2 | 280}263. 1] 95-8 41} 38.5] 14.0]] ror] 94.9] 34.5]| 161/I51.3] 55.1|| 221|207.7| 75.6 “2811264.1 96.1 42] 39.5] 14.4]| 102] 95.8] 34.9]] 162/152.2] 55.4]| 222/208.6] 75.9]| 2821265.0] 96.4 43| 40.4] 14.7]|| 103] 96.8] 35.2|] 163]/153.2] 55.7|| 223/209.6| 76.3]| 2831265.9] 96.8 44] 41.3] 15.0]] 104] 97.7] 35.6]| 164]154.1| 56.1]] 224/210.5] 76.6]| 284/266.9) 97.1 45] 42.3] 15.4|| 105] 98.7) 35.9]| 1651155.0] 56.4]] 225|211.4] 77.0]| 285|267.8] 97.5 46] 43.2] 1§.7|{ 106] 99.6] 36.3]| 166|156.0] 56.8]| 226]212.4] 77.3]|| 286]268.8] 97.8 47| 44.2] 16 1] 107|100,5] 36.6|| 167|156.9] 57.11] 227/213.3| 77.6]| 287/269.7| 93.2 48] 45.1] 16.4]] ro8|ror.s5} 36.9/| 163/157.9] 57.5]] 228/214.2] 78.0}| 288]270.6) 98.5 49] 46.0] 16.8) 10g]102.4] 37.3]] 169|158.8] 57.8|| 229/215.2] 78.3]| 289/271.6) 98.8 50] 47.0] £7.1|} 110]103.4] 37.6]| 170|159.7| 58.11] 230|216.1] 78.7|| 290]272.5 99-2, 51] 47.9] 17.4]] 111]104.3] 38.0]] 171|160.7] 58.5]| 231|217.1| 79.0]| 291/273.5] 99.5 52] 48.9) £7.8]] r12/105.2] 38.3]| 172/161.6) 58.8]| 232/218.0] 79.3]| 292]/274.4] 99.9 §3| 49.8) 18.1|] 113]106.2] 38.6]| 173|162.6] 59.21] 233]218.9] 79.7|| 293]275.3|100.2 §4| 50.7] 18.5]} 114|107.1| 39.0!] 174|163.5] 59.5]] 234/219.9] 80.0|| 294]/276.3]/t0c 6 55] 51-7] 18.8]] 115]108.1| 39.3]| 175|164.4] 59.9|| 235|220.8] 80.4|| 295]277.2]100.y 56] 52.6] 19.2!) r16]109.0] 39.7|| 176/165.4| 60.2/| 236)221.8] 80.7]| 296/278. 1]toT.2 57] 53-6] 19.5|| 117|109.9] 40.0]] 177 166.3] 60.5|| 237|222.7] 81.1]| 297]/279.1|t0r 6 58] 54.5] 19.8]| 118]110.9| 40.4]] 178|167.3] 60.9]] 238)223.6) 81.4]| 298/280.0}101.9 59] 55.4] 20.2|| r19|111.8] 40.7|| 179|168.2] 61.2/| 239/224.6; 81 || 299/281,01102.3 60} 56.4] 20.5]] 120!112.8] 41.0|| 180|169.1] 61.6] 240]225.5] 82.1|| 300/281.9]102.6 Dist] Dep.| Lat. ||Dist] Dep.| Lat. ||Dist|{Dep.| Lat. |[Dist] Dep.} Lat. ||Dist| Dep.] Lat. | for 70 Degrees, po * ee [Dist NO CON? Qtr POD HD me wn ~a-1 FD OHH BS) &> OF Fe YNWH HEN DH iS) so COO ~O TABLE Ii. 37 Difference of Latitude and Departure for 21 Degrees. Lat. | Dep.||Dist} Lat. en 12) Oo BSS (e) te) H (@) NwoMn Ob Hs ml 2) of 0 4 ww eo, e, eo @ . @... nese ee WO AWwoMm Db OU ww -_ in » CO HF COOL H~ 5 « 5 h) 66} 6 6 6 6 “ 6. a 8. 9. 60. By 2. 3% 4. ~ = ~ (oe) in ~I No) . °° ° e . e e . . es ze? e Or NV NWHDBUN AA co eo) bhBRU Aan COO O Om» OD v ~ ISD O DAHPoOnm np © o> Oo WwoOonrnd Ctr H~TE O & n ea er oe on ——S!S | — | |} | — | 121|113.0 122|113.9 I COCO OO Fb YDS OH YORE QAM OK BRA AD CHS O ew ——— | OOO OO OOO | OO OS OO OOS OO | OO Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist} Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep. SE | Oe Eee) eee Ae ee en | rey eens a 4 241|225.0] 86.4 2.42|225.9| 86.7 243|226.9| 87.1 2441227 .8] 87.4 245|228.7) 87.8 2.46/229.7| 88.2 2.47|230.6] 88.5 2.48/231.5] 88.9 2.49|232.5] 89.2 -250|233.4|_ 89.6 2511234.3] 90.0 252/235.3] 90.3 253/230.2] 90.7 254/237 .1 .O 255|238.1 4 256|230.0] 91.7 257|239-9) 92.1 258/240.9 os 259/241. 8 260/242. 2 201|243. 5 262|244. 9 2631245. 3 2.64|246. 6 265|}247. Te) 2.66|248 . 4 3 267/249. 7 268}250. Ae 4 8 ——— |) ——_——— | | — ——__ | ———— | |] | | DOOHRKN KS 180 168.0 43-4|| 181|169.0] 64 9 43.7|| 182|169.9| 65.2 44.1|| 183|170.8| 65.6 44.4]| 184]171.8] 65.9 44.8]| 185]172.7) 66.3 45.2|| 186|173.6| 66.7 45.5|| 187|174.6] 67.0 45.9|| 188/175.5]} 67.4 46,2]| 189|176.4| 67.7 46.6]| 190|17%.4| 68.1 46.9]} 191|178.3) 68.4 47.3]| 192|179.2| 68.8 47.7|| 193|180.2| 69.2 48.0|] 194/181.1| 69.5 48.4]] 195|182.0] 69.9 48.7|] 196/183.0] 70.2 49.1|} 197/183.9] 70.6 49.5|| 198/184.8] 71.0 49.8]| 199|185.8] 71.3 §0.2|| 200/186.7| 71.7 §0.5]| 201|187.6) 72.0 §0.9]| 202/188.6} 72.4 51.2|| 203/189.5| 72.7 51.6|| 204/190.4] 73.1 52.0}} 205|/191.4) 73.5 §2.3|| 206/192.3] 73.8 52.7|| 207|193-3) 74.2 §3.0|] 208]194.2] 74.5 53.4|| 209]195.1] 74.9 §3.-8|| 210/196.1] 75.3 54.1]| 211|/£97.0] 75.6 54.5|| 212|197.9] 76.0 54.8]| 213/198.9] 76.3 55.2|| 214/199.8] 76.7 55-5|| 215|200.7| 77.0 §5-9|| 216]/201.7] 77.4 56.3|| 217|202.6] 77.8 56.6]| 218]203.5| 738.1 57.0|| 219}204.5] 78.5 57.3|| 220]}205.4| 78.8 57-7|| 221|206.3] 79.2 58.1|| 222|207.3] 79.6 58.4]| 223/208.2] 79.9 §8.8]] 224/209.1] 80.3 59.1]! 225]210.1| 80.6 59.5|| 226/211.0] 81.0 §9.8]| 227|211.9| 81.3 60,2|| 228]212.9) 81.7 60,6]| 229/213.8] 82.1 60.9]} 230]214.7| 82.4 61.3]| 231/275.7| 82.8 61.6|| 232/216.6] 83.1 62.0}| 233/217.5] 83.5 62.4]| 234]/218.5| 83.9 62.7]| 235/219.4] 84.2 63.1|| 236/220.3] 84.6 63.4|| 237/221.3) 84.9 63.8|| 238/222.2] 85.3 64.1|| 239|223.1) 85.6 64.5]] 240/224.1| 86.0 296|276.3 106.1 297/277 .3|106.4 298/278 ,2|106.8 299}279 1/107. 300|280.1|/107.5 i |Disti Dep.| Lat. ||Dist] Dep. Lat. Dist] Dep.) Lat. ||Dist] Dep.} Lat. ||Dist| Dep.| Lat. for 69 Degrees. 38 TABLE Y. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 22 Degrees. Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.||/Dist| Lat. | Dep.|/Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist} Lat. | Dep. Ij 00.9] 00.4] 61] 56 6; 22.91] razj112.2] 45.3]] 181|167.8] 67.8]| 241/223.5| 90.3 | O19] 00.7]| 62] 57.5] 23.2|| 122/113.1] 45.7]| 182|168.7| 68.2 go.7 3] 02.8) or.1]] 63) 58.4) 23.6)) 123/114.0] 46.1]| 183]169.7| 68.6 gI.0 4} 03.7] 01.51} 64] 59.3] 24.0]] aq]z15 O] 46.5]] 184]170.6) 68.9 91.4 §| 04.6] or.gl} 65} 60.3] 24.31) 1a5|tz5.9] 46.8]| 185]171.5| 69.3 g1.8 6) 05.6] 02.2]/ 66) 61.2] 24.7]| 126/116.8) 47.21] 186/172.5| 69.7 92.2 7} 06,5} 02.6]/ 67) 62.1] 25.1]| 127/117.8] 47.6]| 187|173.4| 70.1 02.5 8] 67.4] 03.0!) 68! 63.0} 25.5] 128/118.7] 47.9]| 188]174.3] 70.4 92.9 9g] 68.3] 03.4] 6g} 64.0) 25.8] ra9/119.6] 48.3]! 189]175.2] 70.8 93-3 IO} 09.3] 03.7] 70] 64.9] 26.2]} 130]120.5] 48.7] 190]176.2| 71.2 93°7 II} 10.2] 04.1 .8] 26.6 -5| 49.1|| 191|177.1| 71.5 94.0 Totes tt), O4 25 501 27.0 4] 49+4]] 192/178.0] 71.9 94.4 13} 12,1} 04.9 7) 27.3 3) 49.8]| 193|178.9] 72.3 94.8 14] 13.0, 05.2 Ola 7 .a) 50.21! T94]I179.9] 72.7 95.2 15} 13.9] C5.6 aad eee | .2| 50.6]| 195|180.3] 73.0 95-5 16] 14.8) 06,0 5] 28.5 1] 50.9]| 196|181.7| 73.4 95-9 17| 15.8} 06.4 4] 23.8 O} 51.3]| 197|182.7| 73.8 96.3 18| 16,7] 06.7 3) 29.2 .O| 51.7|| 198]183.6] 74.2 96.6 19} 17.6] 07.1 “2 29.6 9} 52.1]] 199]184.5] 74.5 97.0 20! 18.5] 07.5 .2] 30.0 8] 52.4]| 200/185.4!1 74.9 y7-4 21] 19.5] 07.9 things 71 §2.8]| 201]186.4] 75.3 97.8 221 20.4] 08.2 .O] 30.7 -7| 53-41 202/187.3] 75-7 93.1 23] 21.3] 08.6 mre] me ey | 6] 53.61] 203]188.2] 76.0 8] 98.5 24] 22.3] 09.0 POLian. s 51 53-9]| 204|189.1] 76.4 8} 98.9 25] 23.2] 09.4 .8| 31.8 4] 54.3]| 205]/190.1] 76.8 Ch BON4 26) 24.1] 09.7 .7|°3%.2 41 54.7]| 206]/191.0] 77.2 .6} 99.6 291125 110.1 Sf) 8920 ~3| 55.1|| 207|/191.9] 77.5 .6)100.0 28} 26.0] 10.5 .6] 33.0 -2) 55.4|| 208|192.9] 77.9 .5|100.4 29] 26.9] 10.9 rad ck kis. 21 55.8]] 209]193.8] 73.3]] 269]249.4/100.8 30] 27.8] II.2 35411337 | 56.2]| 210]194.7| 78-7] 270]/250.3}/101.1 31] 28.7] 11.6 -4| 34.1] 151]140.0] 56.6]] 211/195.6] 79.0l] 271/251.3/101.5 32] 29.7] 12.0 3] 34.5]] 152)140.9] 56.g]] 212/196.6] 79.4 2/1019 33] 30.6] 12.4 2) 34.8 -9| 57-3] 213|197.5] 79. 1]102.3 34] 31.5] 12.7] 2) 35.2 8} §7.7]| 214]198.4] 80.2 0102.6 che eae ee 41163556 3.7| 58.1|| 215]199.3] 80.5 0|103,0 36] 33.4] 13.5 .0] 36.0 .6| 58.4]| 216|/200,3] 80.9 9|103.4 371 34.3]. 13.9 .9| 36.3 .6| 58.8]| 217/201 ,2) 81.3 $|103.8 381 35.2 ral 9} 36.7 -5| 59.2]| 218]/202,1| 81.7 8]104.1 39| 36.2] 14.6 8] 37.1]1 1§9]147.4] 59.6]] 219]203.1] 82.0 7104.5 40] 37-1] 15.0 -7} 37+5)| 1601148.3! 59-9]] 220]204.0] 82.4 6|104.9 41| 38.0] 15.4 3.6) 37.8]| 1611149.3] 60.3]| 221/204.9] 82.8 105.3 42| 38.9] 15.7 6] 38.21] 162/150.2] 60.7]| 222/205.8] 83.2 5|105 .6 43| 39.9| 16.1 5.5] 38.6]| 163]/z51.1] 61.11] 223/206.8) 83.5 4|100.0 44| 40.8] 16.5 .4| 39.0]] 164]152.1] 61.4]| 224|207.7] 83.9 3|106.4 45] 41.7] 16.9 4) 39.3]] 165/153.0] 61.8]] 225]208.6] 84.3 106.8 46] 42.7) 17.2 3] 39-7/| 166/153.9] 62.2]] 226/209.5] 84.7 2/107 .1 47} 43.6) 17.6 2] 40.1|| 167|154.8] 62.6]| 227/270,5] 85.0 1]I07.5 48] 44.5} 18.0 I} 40.5) 168/155 .8) 62.9|| 228]/211.4] 85.4 0|107.9 49} 45.4] 18.4 1] 40,8]! 169]156.7| 63.3]| 229/212.3] 85.8 0/108 .3 50] 46.4] 18.7 -O] 41.2|| 170]187.6) 63.7]] 230]213.3] 86.2 g|108 .6 51] 47.3] 19.1 9] 41.6|| 171/158.5] 64.1|| 231/214.2] 86.5]) 291/269.8/109.9 52] 48.2) 19.5 8] 42.0] 172]159.5] 64.4]| 232/215.1| 86.9]) 2921/270.7/109.4 53] 49.1] 19.9 .8] 42.3) 173/160.4] 64.8]! 233/216.0] 87.3]] 293/271.7|109.8 54! 50.1] 20.2 7| 42.7|| 174|161.3] 65.2|| 234/217.0] 87.7] 294]272.6/110.1 55; 52.0) 20.6 6} 43.1]] 175|162.3) 65.6]| 235]217.9| 88.0]] 295|273.5/110.5 56] 51.9] 21.0 6] 43.5|| 176|163.2] 65.9]| 236/218.8] 88.4!| 296/274.4/110.9 57| 52 8l 21.4 .5| 43.8]| 177|164.1| 66.3]] 237}219.7| 88.8]| 297]275.4/111.3 58] 53.8] 2147 4} 44.2|| 178]165.0] 66.7]] 238]220.7| 89.21] 298/276. 3)r11.6 59] 54-7] 22.1 3] 44.6|| 179|166.0) 67.1]| 239]221.6] 89.5]] 299]277.2|112.0 O| 55.6] 22.5 -3} 45.0} 180|166.9] 67.4]} 240|222.5] 89.9]] 300)278.2/112.4 Dist Dep. ‘Lat. ||Dist Dep.| Lat. ||Dist} Dep.| Lat. Dist Dep.} Lat. Dist Dep.| Lat. for 68 Degrees. TABLE IJ, 39 Difference of Latitude and Departure for 23 Degrees. 23. 99.4 IOg]I00, 3 IIQ|IOI.3 I11|I02.2 112|103.1 II3}]104.0 II4]104.9 II5]105.9 I16|106,8 117|107.7 I18|108 .6 IIQ|109.5 T20|I10.5 &> | nN A Se ee NNW Nn On HID OO | PQTIIE 122/112. 123}113. I24|I14. 125|1I5. T26|116. 127/118. 128|II7. 129/118. 130|I19. 131}120. 132/121. 133/122. 134/123. 135]124. 136|125. 137|126. 138/127. 139]128. 140|128. I41|129. 142|130. 143|(31. 144|132. 145/133. 146|134. 147|135. 148]136, 140}137. 1§0]138. 151|139.0} 1§2|139.9 153|140.8 1§4|141.8] 60. 155}142.7 156|143.6 157|144.5 158/145 .4 “INI OO O HR DPD H 1X O Abn CUH HAI 00 OOO RF NWWAM OA Nn ns) “STI Om wn~I1 BHO QWP mS Pp NY& hUMN GH Qs 6O nun “I oO Ayn COL ONWOMN ON Lal Wmmesrin O An I65|151. 166|152. 167|153. 1681154. IOg|I55. I70|156. I71]157.4 172]158.3 173)159.2 174|160.2 175|161.1 176}162.0 177|162.9 178|163.8 179|164.8 T8O]T65 .7 aN wn An SI C0 AWHONN H~AIWO Dep.||Dist| Lat. 181|166.6] 70 182|167.5] 71 183)168.5] 71 184|169.4] 71 185|179.3] 72 I86]I71.2] 72 187/172.1} 73 188]173.1| 73 189/174.0] 73 _190|174-9|_ 74 1g1|t75.8| 74 192}170.7| 75 1931177 «7|. 75 194|178.6] 75 195]179.5| 76 196|180.4] 76 IQ7|181.3] 77 198]182.3] 77 19g|183.2] 77 200]184.1} 78 Q01}185.0] 78.5 202/185.9] 78.9 203|186.9] 79.3 2041187 .8] 79.7 205|188.7] 80.1 206]189.6] 80.5 207/190.5] 8¢.9 208/191.5] 81.3 209]192.4) 81.7 2I0|193.3| 82.1 QI1/194.2] 82.4 Q121195.1| 32.8 213|196.1} 83.2 214/197.0] 83.6 215|197.9| 84.0 216/198 .8] 34.4 217/199.7| 84.8 218/200.7| 85.2 219|201.6} 85.6 2.20|202.5| 86.0 2.211203.4| 86.4 222|204.4] 86.7 2423)205.3) 87.1 2.24|206.2] 87.5 2.251207.1| 87.9 226/208 .0} 88.3 227)209.0| 88.7 2281209 .9| 89.1 229)210,8] 89.5 230/211.7| 89.9 231}212.6] 90.3 2321213 .6| 90.6 2.33|214.5| 91.0 234/215 .4| 91.4 235|210.3] 91.8 236/217 .21 92.2 2371218.2| 92.6 238]219.1] 93.0 239|220.0] 93.4 2.40)220.9} 93.8 261/240. 3/102. _270)248.§]105. Dep.||Dist} Lat. | Dep. 241/221.8] 94.2 2421222.8! 94.6 243/223-7| 94.9 244]224.6] 95.3 245)225-5) 95-7 2.40|220.4] 96.1 247|227.4] 96.5 248]228.3) 96.9 249)229.21 97.3 Exea kG \CU 251/231.0] 98.1 252/232.0] 98.5 25 3|232.9] 98.9 2541233.8] 99.2 255|234.7| 99.6 256|235 6)100,0 257|236.6]100.4 258|237.5|100.8 259]238.4/101.2 2.60|239.3|101.6 | § ° 262|241.2/102. 263\242.1|102. 264|243 .O]103 2.65|243.9|103. 266|244.G]103. 267/245 .8)104. 268]246.,7|104. 269}247 .6|105. Mm rHNTOOWOM bd OOP 271}249.5|105.9 272\250.4/106.3 2731251. 3|106.7 274|252.2/107.1 2751253.1|107.5 276|254.1|107.8 277|255 .0j/108 ,2 2781255 .9/108 .6 279|256,8]109.0 280}257.7|/109.4 "281258. 7|109.8 2821259 .6|/110.2 2331260. 5]/110.6 284|261.4|/111.0 235|262.3/111.4 286/263. 3/1II.7 287/264. 2/1121 288/265 .1]112.5 289|266 .o]112.9 _290}266.9/113.3 291}267 .g]I13. daalsonislEva ie 2931269.71114.5 294|270.6/114.9 295/271 -5)115.3 2.96)272.5/115.7 297|273.4/116.0 2981274. 3)116.4 299|275.2|116.8 300/276. 21T17.2 Dist] Dep.| Lat. ||Dist] Dep.| Lat. |/Dist}; Dep.| Lat. || Dist] Dep.}| Lat. |{Dist] Dep.| Lat. for 67 Degrees. TABLE 11. | Difference of Latitude and Departure for 24 Degrees. Lat. | Dep.||/Dist I21|IIO. ‘ ; -O]] 241]220.2] 98.0 122/TII. : ; Ol] 242/221.1| 98.4 123/112. ; ; 2.43}222.0] 98.8 T24|113. 244|222.9] 99.2 125/114. 245]223.8] 99.7 I26|1I5, 246|]224.7|100,1 127|116, 247|225 ,6/100.5 T28|116, 2.48]226.6}100.9 129]117. 249/22" SITOT.3 130/118. 250|228. 131/119. 25 1|229.: 132|120, 2.521230. 133|121. 253/231. 134]122. 2541232. 135)123.: 255|233. 136/124, 2.501233. 137/125. 2571234.8 138/120, 2581235. 139|127. 259|236.6 T40]127. 26c]237. 141/128. 2611238. 142|129. 2624239. 143}130. 263/240. 144|131. 264)241. 145}132.5 265/242. 146/133.¢ 266/243. 147|134.3 267|243 148|135. 2.68]244 .8]109 .0 149|136. 2.69]245..7|109.4 1§0|137. 270|246.71109 8 151|137. 271|247.6|1I0 2 152/138. 2721248.5|110 6 153/139. 2731249 .4|111.9 154|140. 2741250.3|TIT.4 155|141. Al] 275/251.2|111.9 156]142. : . Q}| 276/252, 1/112.3 1§7|143. ; R 3] 277/253.1|112.7 15$|144.° : ; -71| 2781254.O]113.1 I59|145. ; : -1|| 279}254.9|113.5 160/146. ; : -§|| 280]255.8]113.9 161|147. : : .9|| 281/256.7|114.3 162/148. 282/257 .6|114.7 163/148. 283|258.5|115.1 164|149. 284|259.4]/115.5 165/150. 285|260.4|115.9 TOO|I51. 286/261 .3/116.3 167|152. 287|262,2|116.7 168/153. 288|263.1]117.1 169]154. 1701155 +< 171/156. 172/157. .O}] 173/158. -4) 174/159. 175|159. 176|160, Oo Cr~I An Hh HD H e e e e e. e ° e es e mpi SMX Qn~I H~TOo OL O AnD OL ee ae Ss ome Om esTI DP OP iss) nts Se ees Hes, “a On mT ODO OH TOD LO S20 MH eT NO Me ST e e 7 e oo e ° ee ee e e im PP ArT OO O O Oth HAO Ot HAI WN COs 9 “4 8 ee 6 ie) 4 8 iy) 6 ; OAv CO AD oO O AY Of O ¢ O Av ob os oe se Mey res) ner He mm Od DON ~ St : STOO HATO HINTON OO AN OOF O HP & BUN ANI OHO Un HATO OMN HMI 291|265.8|118.4 292 eae 118.8 293|267.7/119.2 294|268 .6|119.6 295|269.5|120.0 2.96|270.4|/120.4 117|106. .6| 177|161, 297|271.3|120.8 T18|107. .O| 178/162, , 293'272,2|121.2 TIg|108, .4|| 179|163, , .2|| 299|273.2|121.6 I20|109. .8)| r80|164. b .6]| 300]274.1|122.0 Dep.| Lat. |/Dist} Dep.| Lat. |[Dist] Dep.| Lat. ||Dist] Dep.| Lat. ||Dist| Dep.| Lat. ) for 66 Degrees. Onn OOD Tele r os CODD O . . e ° . . . ° RAE eine. Be re ans TABLE I. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 24 Degrees. Dist Lat.| Dep. 00.4 8} O00. Ol. OO OI OM bw DH Db COR OK HIS) 00 és me ° ° . e pA OW 00RD OUD f |Dist] Dep.| Lat. Dist| Lat. 120/108 .8 Dist| Dep. Be es en ey ay Co acer bee ae ee Gd Go 2 Go & Gd Gd G Oo |¢ INI HA OUrr Nn HLH HL Ab COO MN HT bp tr Ht ON OO OM H~T/b COB O ANION WN COL oO Lat. m~IOOSO Bb OD 3.0 344 8 32 Y ot 5 9 “4 8 «2 6 .O 5 9 3 7 02 6 -O Dist Dep.} Lat. F 181/164.0 182|164.9 183|165. 184 166.8 185|167.7 136|168.6| 78. 187/169.5 188]170.4 18g]171.3 19O|172.2 I91}173.1 192|174.0 193|174.9 194|175.8 195|176.7 196]177.6 197|178.5 196}179.4 199|180.4 200/181 .3 2.41\218 4/101 .9 242|219.3|/102.3 243|220.2/102.7 244|221 .1/103.1 245|222.0/103.5 246/223 .0/104.0 247/223 .9/104.4 248|224.8|104.8 | 2.49|225.7|105.2 +3] 250|220.6/105 «7 2§1|227.5/106.1 2521228 .4/106.5 25 3|229.3|106.9 254|230.2/107.3 255|231.1 poh 256/232.0/108.2 257 333-9 108.6 258/233 .8/109.0 259/234 .7|109.5 2,60]235§ -6/109.9 261/236. 5|110.3 262)237.5|110.7 263|238.4/11I.1 2.64|239.3|111.6 2.65|240.2/112.0 266|241.1/1£2.4 2.67|242.0/112.8 268)|242.9)/113.3 2.69|243 .8|113.7 270/244 +7|EI4.1 2711245 ,O/114.5 272\246,5/T15.0 2721247 AITI5 24 274|248,3/115.8 275|249.2/116.2 276|/250,1|116,6 277\251O|1I7.1 278)252,O0/117.5 279)252.9/117.9 280|253.8/118.3 231£|254.7/118.8 282/255 .6|119.2 233/256.5]119.6 284|257.4|/120.0 2851258. 3/120.4 286/259.2/120.9 287/260. 1/121 .3 288/261 .0]121.7 289]261 .9/122.1 )7 +2||_290}262.8)122.6 291|263.7|123.0 2921264 .6/123.4 2931265 .5/123.8 294|266.51£24.2 295|267.4|£24.7 296|268. 31125 .1 297|269.21125.5 298]270.1/125.9 299|271 .01126.4 300/271 .9|126.8 Dist] Dep. Lat. ||Dist Dep.| Lat. for 65 Degrees. A2 TABLE II. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 26 Degrees. er | ae . | Dep.||Dist| Lat.| Dep. -__ | | | - | | ee es ae 121|108.8] §3.0)| 181|162.7] 79.3]| 241|216.6|105.6 272i] 122|109.7) 53.5|| 182/163.6] 79.8]] 242/217.5|100.1 27 .6|| 123/110.6| §3.9]| 183|164.5] 80.2|| 243/218.4|106. 5 28.1|) 124|111.5| 54.4|| 184|165.4| 80.7|| 244]219.3]107.0 4] 28.5|| 125/112.3) 54.8]| 185|166,3] 81.1]| 245/220. 2|107.4 -3| 28.g)| 126/113.2] 55.2|| 186|167.2| 81.5] 246/a2r.1/107.8 .2| 29.4] 127/114.1] 55.7|| 187|168.1] 82.0]| 247/222,.0|108.3 -1/.29.8]| 128/t15.0) 56.1]| 188)169.0] 82.4]| 248]222.9]108.7 0] 30.2]] 129/115.9] 56.5]| 189|169.9] 82.9]| 249|223.8!109.2 7O| 62.9) 30-7}] 130]t16.8) 57.0]| 190}t70.8] 83.3]| 250/224.7/109.6 31.1|| I3z)I17. 37-4) 191|171.7| 83.7|| 2§1|225.6l110.9 31.6]! 132/118.6] 57.9) 192|172.6] 84.2]| 252/226.5]110.5 32.0]] 133/119.5| §8.3 193/173. 5} 84.6]| 253]227.4|110.9 32.4]| 134]120.4] 58.7|] 194]174.4] 85.0]] 254/228. 3/111.3 32.9]| 135|L21.3) 59.2]| 195|175.3] 85.5|| 255]229.21111.8 33+3|| 136|122.2] §9.6]| 196/176.2) 85.9]| 256)230.1|112.2 33-8]] 137|123.1] 60.1} 197|177.1| 86.4]} 257/231 .0]112.7 34.2|| 138/124.0] 60.5)) 198]178.0] 86.8]| 258]231.9]113.1 34.6] 139]124.9] 60.9)| 199]178.9] 87.2]| 2591232.81113.5 35+1]{ 140]125.8] CI 4]| 200 179-8] 87-7||, 260/233-7 114.0 35-5|' 141 126.7| 61.81] 201/180. ri 88.1] 2611234. 234.6\114. 4 35-9]! 142|127.6} 62.21) 202/181.6] 88.6]| 262/235.5|114.9 36.4|| 1431128.5] 62.71] 203]182.5] 89.0) 263/236.4l115.3 36.8] 144]129.4] 63.31] 204]183.4] 89.4|| 264/237.3|115.7 37-3|| 145|130.3] 63.6) 205/184.3] 89.g]] 265|238.2]116.2 37-7|| 146|131.2| 64.0]] 206)185.2! 99.3]| 266]/239.1|116.6 38.2|| 147|132.1] 64.41) 207|186.1] 90.7|| 267/240.01117.0 38.6|| 148]133.0] 64.91) 208/186.9] g1.2]| 268]240.91117.5 39.0} 249/133. 65.3] 209/187 8] 91.6]| 269/241 .8]117.9 39+5||_150|134-8] 65.8)! 210/188.7) 92.1]] 270/242.7/118.4 39.9]| 1511135 ~axi|189.6| 92.5|| 271|243.6|118.8 40.3}| 152113 412/190.5! 92.9|| 2721244.5/119.2 40.8]| 153 213/191.4! 93.4)| 273/245.4/119.7 41.2] 154/138 214}192.3) 93.8]| 274/246. 3]120.1 41.6 2151193.2! 94.2|| 275|247.2|120.6 42.1]| 156/140 216/194.1} 94.7|| 276/248.1/121.0 2.5]| 1§7|141 217/195 .0} 9§.1|| 277|249.0]/121.4 43.0]) 158|14 218/195 .9} 95.61) 273)249.9/121.9 43.4]! I59|142 any 799. 8) 96.0] 279/250.8]122.3 3.8]| 160]143 220/197. “| 96.4]| 280]251.71122.7 44.3|| 167|144 | 221}198.6} 96.9]] 281/252.61123.2 44.7|| 162/145 Ol] 222/Ty9.5] 97.3]| 2821/253.5|123 6 45.2] 163/146 -5}| 223/200.4] 97.8]| 283!254.4]124.1 45.6]| 164/147 -9|| 224/201. 3] 98.2 2841255 .3 124.5 460,0]} 165)148 -3/| 2251202.2] 98.6]| 2851256. 21224.9 46.5]| 166/149 .8]/ 226/203.1] 99.1)] 286/257.1|125.4 46.9}| 167/150 .2|| 2271204,0] 99.5]] 287|258.0)125.8 47.3|| £68/T51 .6]| 228]204.9] 99.9]] 288)258.9]126. 3 47.81] 16g|I51 -1|| 229]205 .8]100.4]| 289]259.8]126.7 48.21) 1701752 -5|| 2301206.7|100.§ _290 200.9|127.1 8] 48.7 17153. § -O]] 231]207.6|10%.3]] 291/261.5/127.6 -7| 49-1]| 172)154.6] 75-4]| 232/208.5]101.7|| 292|262.4/128.0 6} 49.51 .173/155.5} 75-8|| 233/209.4]102.1]| 293/263.3/128.4 5] 50.0]] 174/156.4| 76.3]| 234)210.31102.6]| 294/264, 2/128.9 41 50.4]| 175]157-3| 76.7]| 235|211.2/103.Cl] 295/265 .1/129.3 3} 50.9]/ 176/158.2] 77.2|| 2361212.1/103.5]| 296/266.9)129.8 2) 51.3]] 177/159.1| 77-6|| 237]243.0|/103.9)| 297;266.9|130. 3 eI] 51.7)| 178/160.0] 78.0]| 238]213.9]104.3 bof 267 .8|130.6 .O| 52.2|| 179|160.9] 78.5]} 239]2174.8]104.8]| 299]268.7/13r.1 +9] §2.6]| 180]161.8] 78.9]| 240]215.7|/105.2]| 300/269.6)141. 131-5 Dep.! Lat. ||Dist| Dep.| Lat. |,Dist| Dep.| Lat. ||Dist] Dep.| Lat. ||Dist} Dep. “Lat. for 64 Degrees. ‘ Dist} Lat. | Dep.||Dist DO OH Pbotr Ar COO ——— | —__—— . J . ° e e . . moo fut Qu TABLE If. 43 Difference of Latitude and Departure for 27 Degrees. -——————— | | ___. | —_ —_—_ | - | | | | | | Mme ANI COPOM . . . . . . . e ° . e ° . . . . . . . e Ab 1H CWO FS OMIT ANH COOL O P= COO b OH — | | rb CWO OMN A YN COO2 0 BOM HH Ab 61 62 — Dist} Dep.| Lat. ||Dist| Dep. 54-4] 27-7 55-2] 23.1 63] 56.1] 28.6 64| 57.0} 29.1 65] 57-9} 29-5 66} 58.8] 30.0 67] 59.7] 30.4 68] 60.6] 30.9 69] 61.5] 31.3 70| 62.4] 31.8 41| 63.3) 32.2 42) 64.2] 32.7 73| 05-0) 33-1 74) 65.9) 33.6 75| 66.3] 34.0 76| 07.7) 34-5 771 68.6) 35.0 78| 69.5) 35-4 79| 79-4) 35-9 80} 71.3 36.3 81} 72.2) 36.8 Sal 7931) 37.2 83] 74-0} 3747 84] 74.8] 38.1 85] 75-7] 38.6 86| 76.6] 39.0 87| 77.5! 39-5 &8} 78.4] 40.0} 89] 79.3/ 40.4 go} 80.2] 40.9 gi| 81.1] 41.3 g2| 82.0] 41.8 93} 82.9] 42.2 94| 83.8) 42.7 95| 84.6) 43.1 g6| 85.5) 43.6 97| 86.4) 44.0 98) 87.3] 44.5 gg} 88.2] 44.9 100] 89.1] 45,4 IO] 90.0} 45.9 102} 90.9] 46.3 103] 91.8] 46.8 104} 92.7] 47.2 05} 93-6] 47.7 106} 94.4] 48.1 107| 95.3} 48.6 108] 96.2] 49.0 109} 97-1) 49.5 Tro} 98.0] 49.9 III] 98.9] 50.4 112] 99.3] 50.8 113{100.7] 51.3 I14|101.6] 51.8 I1I5|102.5] 52.2 TI6I103.4| 52.7 II7|104.2] 53.1 TI8}105.1| 53.6 TIQ|106.0] 54.0 120|106.9; 54.5 7951-5 “ya1|107.8 122|108.7 123|109.6 I24|ITO.§ = wn (ore) Leal Lol b COO O NW ~ &> tn La! wn ¢ Oo “I COO FF NWA O~ Ln oe in be np Ne) C.D OH NW Ht HK 149|132 1§0}133-7| 68. 151\134.5 152|135.4 153/130. 154/137. 1§5|138. 156/139. 1§7|139. 158/140, I5Q|141. 160)142. Amt Cw O YN ae ON - ~ Bes nN CO OF NWN 168|149.7 169|150,6 171|152.4 1724153 .3 173}354.1 174}155.0 175|155.9 176|156.8 177|157-7 1781158 .6 179}159.5 180}160.4 hip’ wn ~I o he us eS. Bie ent i 0 AXN YYW OL nN an AnNnw ODHhOM Lol 68.6 69.0 69.5 69.9 70.4 70.8 ~I 4 se J s . Abn sr ~— _ ° . . * . e oo e COfnWOMm OM I nnn “FG 77 0% 83.3 81.7 181/161.3 182/162. 183/163. 184/163. I91|170. 192/171. 193/172. 194/172. ove) in CODO Bf OMH ANHATIW OPW HOM FH DAW .2) 1) = go. 201|179.1 202}180.0 ID saa 204|181. 205|182.7 206/183.5 207|184.4 208/185 .3 209)186 2 210|187.1 2111188. 212|188. 213|189. 214|T9O. © in a .8 Se" +6" 168 eo, @ 2 BSF? ar en a, & w-@¢” £ Bowes F OH OMH AHATDYND WIWO BB OMe QAnNNYS o he tn Lom Ne} = OF PWN On COW O 221196. 222/197. 2.23|198. 224{199. 2.251200, 226/201, 22.7202. 228/203. 229}204. 2311205 .8/104.9 232|206.7/105. 2.331207 6/105. 234/208.5]106. 2.351209 .4)106, 2.36|210.3)107. 237|211.2/107. 2.38|212.1/108. 2.39|213.0/108. 2.40|213.8/109. ONO AHA™ND COW —— || — | ————— | —— | | ——__ | —————_——. Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat.| Dep. | | 241|214.7|109.4 242|215.6|109.9 943)210.5|110 3 244/217.4|110.8 245/218. 3/111. 246)219.2/111.7 247/220, 1|112,1 2.48|221.0|112,6 2.49|221.Q|113.0 250/222.8/113.5 251|223.6|114.0 252|224.5/114.4 253/225 .4|114.9 254/226. 3/115 .3 255|227.2/115.8 256/228, 1|116.2 257|229 ,O|116,7 258/229,9|117.1 259|230.8/117.6 ste EL 2611232.6/118.5 262|233.4|118.9 263|234.3/119.4 264/235.2/T19.9 265§1236,1|120.3 266|237 .O|120.8 267|237.9|121.2 268/238 .8|121.7 269!239.7|122.1 270|240.6/122.6 271|241.§|123.0 2721242.4/123.5 273/243 .2/123.9 274|244.1/124.4 275/245 .0/124.8 276/245 9/1253 277/246 .8/125 8 278/247.7|126.2 279/248 .6/126.7 280/249 -.5|127.1 eS | ee ee ees | ee as ee. | eee ee 281|250.4/127.6 282/251.3/128.0 283/252.2/128.5 284]253.0/128.9 285|253.9/129.4 286/254 .8/129 .8 287/255.7|130 3 288}256,6/130,7 289/257 .5|131.2 290|258.4/131.7 ns 291}2593|132.1 292/260. 2/132.6 293/261 .1/133.0 294/262.0/133.5 295|262.8/133.9 296|263.7/134.4 297|264.6|134.8 2.98265 .5|135 .3 299|206.4)135.7 300|267.31136.2 Lat. ||Dist| Dep.| Lat. j|Dist| Dep.| Lat. ||Dist| Dep.| Lat. for 63 Degrees, 44 TABLE I. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 28 Degrees. Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist] Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.|[Dist} Lat. | Dep.j|Dist| Lat. | Dep. eens | ee | me | | ns | | | ee | | | | I I | 00.9] 00.5|| 61] 53.9] 28.6]| 127/106.8) 56.8)} 181/159.8] 85. I O ‘ aa! a} 0.8! 00.9]| 62] 54.7] 29.1]! 122/107.7] 57.3|| 182/160.7| 85.41] 242]213.7|113.6 3] 02.6] o1.4|| 63] 55.6] 29.6]) 123/108.6) 57.7|| 183]161.6] 85.9]| 243/214.6|114.1 4] 03.5] OL.9|| 64] 56.5) 30.0}] £24/109.5] 58.2]| 184)/162.5| 86.4] 244lar5.41114.6 5] 04.4] 02.3]] 65] 57.4] 30.5]] 125/110. ) 5, QI} 245/216,3/1T5 .0 6] 05.3] 02.8] 66] 58.3] 31.0]] 126/III. $2 oa 31} 246/217.2/115.5 4| 06,2] 03.3]| 67] 59.2] 31.5]] 127/112. 6 % ol] 247/218 ,1|116.0 8] 07.1} 03.8]] 68} 60.0) 31.9]| 128/113. .I .O] 88.31] 248/219 .0}116.4 g} 07.9] 04.2/1 69] 60.9! 32.4]; 129/113. 6 ‘3 -7|| 249/219.9]116.9 To} 08.8] 04.7|| 70] 61.8) 32.9]| 130/114. .0 ; || 2§0/220.7/117.4 II} 09.7] 05.2|| 71} 62.7] 33-3]] 131/115 || 251|221.61117.8 12] 10.6] 05.6]| 72) 63.6) 33.8]/ 132)116 T}] 252/222.5]118.3 13] 11.5} 06 3|| 73] 64.5] 34.3] 133/117 6]) 2531223.4/118.8 14] 12.4] 06.6]) 74) 65.3] 34.7]| 134/118 Il} 254]224.3]119.2 15| 13.2] 07.0]] 75] 66.2) 35.21] 135/19 5]| 253/225.2/019.7 16] 14.1] ©7.5]| 76] 67.1] 35.7]] 136|120 .O|] 2561226,0]/120.2 17] 15.0} 08.0]] 77] 68.0) 36.11} 137/121 5]| 257|226.9|120.7 18] 15.9] 08.5]| 78] 68.9] 36.6]| 138/121 Ol] 2581227, 8|121.1 19} 16.8] 08.9]| 79] 69.8] 37.1] 139/722 4l] 259}228,7|121.6 20; 17.7] ©9-4]| 80] 70.6] 37-6|| 140/123 g|| 260]229.6]122.1 a1} 18.5] ©9.g]] 81] 71.5} 38.0]] 141/124 5 4 261}230.4/122.5 22) 19.4] 10.3]] 82! 72.4] 38.5}] 142/125 4 8}} 262]231.3/123.0 |! 23) 20.3] 10.8]] 83] 73.3] 39-0]] 143/126 2 3]| 2631232.2/123.5 |: 24| 21.2) 11.3)} 84] 74.2] 39.4]| 144/127 I .8]| 2641233.1|123.9 25) 22.1) I1.7|) 85} 75.1] 39.9) 145/128 0} 96.2) 265/234 .0|124.4 26| 23.0] 12.2]! 86] 75.9) 40.4]| 1461128 9 7\| 266|234.9/124.9 a7) 23.8) 12.7|| 87] 76.8) 40.8), 147/129 8 2\| 2671235 .7|125.3 28] 24.7] 13.1]] 88] 77.7] 41.3]| 148:130.7! 09. 7 -7|| 268)236.6)125.8 ag] 25.6] 13.6] 8g] 78.6) 41.8]| 149/131. ; .5| 98.1] 269]237.5|£20.3 30| 26.5] 14.11] gol 79.5] 42-3]\| 150132. : 4 6 -270)238.4|726.8 31] 27.4] 14.6)| o1| 80.3) 42.7]| 151/133.3] 70.9]] 211|186.3) 99.2|| 2711/239.3/127.2 32] 28.3] 15.0]] 92] 81.2] 43.2/| 152.134.2] 71.4]} 212/187.2] 99.5]| 272/240. 2|127.7 33) 29.1] 15-5|] 93] 82.1] 43.7 15311351] 71.8|| 213]188.1/100.0]] 273/241,0/128.2 34| 30.0] 16.0]] g4} 83.0] 44.1 1§4'136,0} 72.3]| 214|189.0|100.5]] 2741241.9|125.6 35| 30-9] 16.4]] 95] 83.9] 44.6 155 136.9 72,8|| 215|189.8]1Co.g]} 275|242,8/129.1 36| 31.8] 16.9] 96] 84.8] 45.1]] 156137.7| 73.2|| 216/190.7|/101.4]| 276/243.7|129.6 37| 32.7] 17.4|| 97] 85.6) 45.5]| 157.138.6] 73.7]| 217/191.6|101.9]| 277|244.6|130.0 38] 33.6] 17.8)| 98} 86.5] 46.0] 158 139.5] 74.2|| 218)192.5]/102.3)| 278/245 .5/130.5 39] 34.4] 13.3]] 99] 87.4] 46.5]! 159 140.4] 74.6]| 219]193.4)102.8]] 279/246.3|131.0 40} 35.3} 18.8]] roo} 88.3] 46.9|| 160 141.3} 75.1]| 220]/194.2]/103.3]] 280/247.2/131.5 41| 36.2] 19.2|| ror] 89.2] 47.4 161j142.2 75.0|| 221/195.1|103.8]| 281/248.1/131.9 42| 37-1] 19.7]| 10a] 09.1] 47.9 162,143.0 76.1|| 222/196.0}104.2]] 2821249.0]132.4 43| 38.0) 20.2|} 103} go.9} 48.4|| 163 143.9} 76.5] 223 19? 104.7|| 283/249.9]132.9 44] 38.8} 20.7|| 104} 91.3) 48.8|) 164.144.8) 77.0]| 224/197.9]105.2|| 284/250.8]133.3 45| 39.7| 2%.3|| 10s} 92.7] 49.3]} 165 145.7] 77.5]| 225|198.7/105.6)| 285)251.6/133.3 46] 40.6] 21,6]| 106] 93.6] 49.8]| 166146.6] 77.9]| 226]199.5|106.1)| 286)252.5/134.3 47| 41.5] 22.1]| 107] 94.5] 50.2 167,147.5 78 .4}| 227/200.4]106.6]] 287|253.4)/134.7 48) 42.4] 22.5]/ 108} 95.4] 50.7|| 168148. 3) 78.9]| 228/201. 3/107 .0)| 288/254.3/135.2 49] 43.3] 23.0|] 109! 96.2] 51.2|| 169,149.2] 79.3]| 229]/202.2/107.5]| 289/255.2)135.7 §0] 44.1] 23.5]| 110] 97.1] 51.6] 170 150.1] 79.8]] 230]/203.1/108.0}]] 290/256.1|136.1 $1} 45.0] 23.9]] 111] 98.0} 52.1]] 172/151.0} 80.3]] 231/204.0]108.4]] 291/256.9]136.6 52! 45.9] 24.4]| 112] 98.9] 52.6] 172/151.9] 80.7]] 232]/204.8/108.9]| 2921257.8|137.1 §3| 46.8] 24.9]] 123] 99.8] 53.1]] 173)152.7| 81.2] 233]205.7/109.4]| 2931/258.7|137.6 54] 47.7] 25-4]| 114]100.7] 53.5|] 174'153.6] 81.7]! 2341206.61109.9]| 294/259.6|138.0 | 55] 48.6) 25.8]! r1s|ror.s5] 54.0]] 175/154.5| 82.2]] 235|297.5/110.3]| 295/260.5|138. 5 56} 49.4] 26.3]] 116]102.4) 54.5|| 1761155.4] 82.6]! 236]/208.4]110.8]| 296|261.3]/139.0 57| 50.3] 26.8]] 117]/103.3] 54.9] 177|150.3| 83.1]| 237/209.3|111.3]| 297/202. 2/139.4 §8] 51.2] 27.2|| 118|104.2| §5.4]| 178:'157.2] 83.6] 238]210,.71/111.7|| 298|263.11139.9 §9] 52.1] 27.7]| I19]105.1] 55.9 179|158,0 84.0|| 239]211.0]112.2]] 299/264 ,0]140.4 60] §3.0| 28.2/| 120]106.0] 56.3]] 180)£58.9] 84.5]| 240]21L.9|112.7]| 300}264.9]/140.8 ist] Dep.| Lat. ||Dist] Dep.| Lat. ||Dist! Dep.] Lat. Dist] Dep.| Lat. || Dist} Dep.] Lat. for 62 Degrees. TABLE I. 45 Difference of Latitude and Departure for 29 Degrees. -| Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep. Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. Dep. — |———_ | ————|| ——_| ————_——_ | —_ — | |S | — | —————_ }|§ —_ | ————_ | | | I} 00.9] 00.5]| 61} 53.4] 29.6]| 121/105.8| 58.7|| 181/158.3] 87.8]] 241/a10.8|116.8 2) OL.7} OL.Ol] 62] 54.2} 30.1]| 122/106.7] 59.1]| 182]1§9.2] 88.21) 242]a11.7/117.3 3] 02.6] O©.5]| 63) 55.1] 30.5]| 123|107.6] 59.6] 183|160.1] 88.7|| 243/212.5/117.8 4 ‘if 64] 56.0] 31.0]| 124)108.5] 60.1|| 184/160.9} 89.2] 244|213.4|118.3 5 4 65} 56.9] 31.5]| 125/109.3] 60.6|| 185|16r 8} 89.7]] 245/214. 3/118.8 6] 05.2 66] 57-7| 32.0]] 126/110.2| 61.1]| 186/162.7] go.2]] 246/215 .21119.3 ,| Gz 67} 58.6) 32.5]| 127/111.1| 61.6]] 187/163.6] g0.7]| 247/216.0]119.7 8 xe) 68] 59.5] 33-0]] 128/112.0} 62.1{| 188/164.4] 91.1'| 248]/216.9|120.2 9| °7.9 69} 60.3] 33.5]| 129/112.8] 62.5]| 189/165.3] 91.6]! 249/217.8|120.7 To] 08. 70| 61.2] 33-9]| 130)113-7| 63-0]] 1g0}166.2| 92.1|| 25cl218.7\/121.2 II 71 62.1] 34.4]| 131|114.6] 63.5]| 191|167.1] 92.6|| 251/219 §]121.7 12 72| 63.0] 34.9]] 132/115§.4] 64.0]] 192/167.9] 93 1|| 252/220.4]122.2 13 73) 63.8] 35.4)| 133/116.3] 64.5]| 193|168.8] 93.6]| 253]221.3/122.7 14 74} 64.7] 35.9]| 134|117.2| 65.0]] 194]169.7] 94.1]| 254/222.2/123.1 15 75| 65.6] 36.4]| 135/118.1| 65.4] 195]170.6] 94.5]| 255|223.0]123.6 16 76| 66.5} 36.8]| 136)118.9] 65.9]} 196]171.4] 95.0]] 256/223.9]124.1 17 77| 67.3} 37.3|| 137|119.8| 66.4]] 197|172.3] 95.5]| 257/224.8]/124.6 18 78} 68.2} 37.81] 138]120.7} 66.9]} 198]173.2] 96.0]] 258]225.7/125.1 19 79| 69.1] 38.31] 139/121.6| 67.4] 199/174.0] 96.5] 259]226.5/125.6 20 80] 70-0] 38.8]] 140]122.4) 67.9]] 200]174.9] 97-0]| 260/227.4/126.1 aI 81] 70.8) 39.3]} 141]123.3] 68.4}| 201/175.8)] 97.4]] 261]228.31120.5 22 82] 71.7] 39.8] 142)124.2! 68.8]| 202/176.7] 97.9|| 262/229.2]/127.0 23 83] 72.6] 40.21] 143/125.1! 69.3]| 203|177.5] 98.4]| 263/230.01127 5 24 84| 73.5] 40.71] 144]125.9} 69.8]| 204|178.4] 98.9]| 264]230.9]128.0 25 85| 74.3] 41.2} 1451126.8] 70.3|] 205]179.3] 99.4|| 265/231. 8]128.5 26 86] 75.2] 4-.7|] 146/127.7| 70.8]] 206/180.2] 99.9]| 266/232.6|/129.0 27 87| 76.1] 42.21} 147|128.6) 71.3]} 207/181.0/100.4]} 2671233.5|129.4 28 88] 77.0] 42.7]} 148]129.4] 71.8]| 208]181.9]100.8]| 268]234.4/129.9 ag 89} 77.8] 43.1]| 149|130.3] 72.2]| 209]182 8/101. 3]| 269/225 .3/130.4 30 go] 78.7] 43-6]| T50]131.2) 72.7|| 210]183.7|/TOL.8]| 270)236. 1130.9 31 91) 79-6] 44.1]| 151|132.1} 73.2|| 211|184.5/102.3]] 277/237 .0/131.4 32 92} 80.5] 44.6)} 152/132.9] 73.7|] 212/185 .4]102.8]| 272/237.9]131.9 33 93} 81.3] 45-1]]} 153/133.8] 74.2]! 213/186. 3/103.3]| 273/238.8]132.4 34 94| 82.2) 45.6]] 154]134.7| 74.7|| 214]/187.2/103.7]] 2741239.6/132.8 35 95| 83.1) 46.1] 155|135.6) 75.1|| 215|/188.0]104.2]| 275]/240.5)133.3 36 96| 84.0] 46.5]} 156/136.4] 75.6]| 216/188.9/104.7]| 276/241. 4/133.8 37 97| 84.8] 47.0|] 157/137.3| 76.1]| 217|189.8}105.2|| 277/242.31134.3 38 93) 85.7] 47.5]] 158]138.2] 76.6)| 218]190.7]/105.7]| 278/243.1/134 8 39 99] 86.6) 48.0] 159]139.1] 77.11] 219|191.5|106,2]| 279/244.0]135.3 __40 100] 87.5] 48.5]] 160|139.9] 77.6]| 220]192.4]106.7|| 280/244.9/135.7 41 101} 88.3] 49.0]| 161|140.8) 78.1]| 221/193.3|107.1|| 281/245 .8]136.2 42 102| 89.2] 49.5]| 162)141.7| 78.5]| 222/194.2/107.6]| 282/246.6)136.7 43 103} 90.1] 49.9]| 163/142.6] 79.0]/ 223/195 .0/108.1]| 283/247.5)137.2 44 104] 91.0] 50.4]| 164]143.4] 79.5]| 224/195 .9]/108.6)| 284/248 .4/137.7 45 105] 91.8] 50.9]] 165]144.3] 80.0]] 225/196.8)/109.1|| 285]249.3|138.2 46 106] 92.7] §1.4|| 166/145 .2] 80.5]| 226/197.7/109.6]| 286/250,1/138.7 47 107| 93.6] 51.9|| 167|146.1] 81.0]| 227/198.5/110.1|| 287/251 .0/139.1 48 108] 94.5] 52.4|} 168]146.9] 81.4]] 228]T99.4/110.5]| 288/251.9|139.6 49 109} 95.3] 52.8]| 169]147.8] 81.9]] 229]/200.3/111.0]] 289/252.8/140.1 50 110] 96.2] §3.3]] 170|748.7| 82.4]] 230/201. 2/11I.5]| 290|253.6]140.6 51| 44. III] 97.1] 53.8]| 171/149.6| 82.9]| 231/202.0]112.0|] 291/254.5/I41.1 52 : 112] 98.0] §4.3]] 172/150.4| 83.4]] 232|202.9]112.5]| 292/255.4/141.6 53] 40. 113] 98.8] 54.8]| 173|151.3| 83.9]| 233/203.8/113.0]| 293]256.3]142.0 54 : II4| 99.7] 55.3|| 174/152.2] 84.4]] 2341204.7/113.4h 294/257.1/142.5 55| 48. II5|100.6] 55.8}| 175|153.1| 84.8]| 235]205.5/113.9]] 295}258.0]143.0 56] 49. 116]t0r.5| §6.4]] 176/153.9| 85.3]| 236/206.4|114.4]| 296/258.9|143.5 57| 49. I17|102,3] §6.7|| 177/154.8] 85.81] 237|207.3/114.9]| 297/259.8/144.0 58] 50. 118|103.2} 57.2|| 1781155.7| 86.3]] 238/208.2/115.4|| 298)260.6/144.5 59| 51. 119|104.1| §7.7|| 179|156.6] 86,8]| 2391209.0)115.9]| 294/261.5|145.0 60] §2 120|105.0| §8.2]| 180]1§7.4] 87.3]| 240/%09.9|116.4|| 300)262.4/145.4 Dist} Dep. Lat. [hist Dep.| Lat. I[Dist| Dep.} Lat. j|Dist| Dep.| Lat. ||Dist] Dep.| Lat. for 61 Degrees. 46 ‘ TABLE II. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 30 Degrees. Dist] Lat. | Dep.|/Dist} Lat. | Dep.|/Dist} Lat. | Dep.||Dist) Sat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep. — —_—_——___ | —____ — —_—_——_ _—_ SS —— eo _— eee” G20/195.7|113. 227\196.6)113. 2281197.5/t14. 229|198. 3/114. 2871248 .5|]143. 288]249.4/144. 5 O 5 oO 5 2861247 .7|143.0 5 °O 289|250.3|144.5 [@) OmOonouwnonmon I] 00.9] 00.5]] 61] 52.8 .8} 60.5]} 1811156.3! 90.5|] 241/208.7}120. 5 Q| O1.7| O1.0] 62] 53.7 .7| 61.0]] 182]157.6] 91.0] 242/209.6|121.0 3} 02.6] O1.5]| 63] 54.6 5] 62.5]/ 183/158.5] 91.5|| 243/210.4]121.5 4| 03.5] O2.0]] 64] 55.4 -4{ 62.0l] 184]159.3) 92.0] 244/21T.3/122.0 5] 04.3] 02.511 65] 56.3 3, 62.5]| 185|/160.2] 92.5]| 245/212.2)122.5 6] 05.2] 03.0]/ 66] 57.2 -I| 63.0|] 186/161.1] 93.0'| 246]/213.0]123.0 4| 06,1] 03.5]} 67] 53.0 .O| 63.5]| 187/161.9] 93.5|] 247/213.9]123.5 8} 06.9] 04.0]] 68] 58.9 .9| 64.0]] 188/162.8] 04,0]] 248/214.8}124.0 9] 07.3] 04.5] 69] 59.3 .7| 64.5]} 189]/163.7] 94.5]| 249/215 .6]124.5 To} 08.7] 05-0]} 70] 60.6 6) 65.0] 190]164.5] 95.0|] 250/216.5]125.0 I1| 09.5} 05.5]/ 71} 61.5 .4| 65.5]/ 191|165.4] 95.5]] 251/217.4/125.5 12] 10.4] 06.0] 72! 62.4 4.31 06.0]| 192/166.3} g6.0]] 252/218.2/126.0 13} 11.3] 06.5]] 73] 63.2 .2| 66.5|| 193]167.1] 96.5]] 253/219.1|126.5 14] 12.1] 07.0]] 74! 64.1 .o} 67.0]} 194]168.0] 97.0]] 254/220.0)127.0 15] 13.0] 07.5]| 75] 65.0} ; -9} 67.5] 195/168.9] 97.5] 255]/220.8/127.5 16] 13.9] 08.0]] 76] 65.8 .8| 68.0]] 196|/169.7]} 93.0]] 256/221.7/128.0 17| 14.7] 08.5]| 77] 66.7 3.6} 68.5}! 197|170.6] 98.5]| 257/222.6]128.5 18] 15.6] 09.0}, 8} 67.5 .5| 69.0] 198]171.5] 99.0|] 258/223.41129.0 Io] 16.5} 09.5]| 79] 08.4 4} 69.5]] 199|172.3! 99.5]|| 259]224.3]129.5 20] 17.3] I9.0]] 80] 69.3 .2] 70.0]] 200]/173.2/100.0]] 260/225 .2/130.0 a1} 18.2] 10.5]} 81] 70.1 1] 70.5|| 201/174.1|100.5|| 261/226.01130. 5 92) 19.1] I1.0]| 8a! 71.0 3.0] 71.0|] 202/174. 9/101.0]] 262/226.9]/131.0 23| 19.9] 11.5]| 83] 71.9 8] 71.5]] 203/175 .3/101.5|| 263/227.8/131.5 24) 20.8] 12.0] 84] 72.7 4.7| 72.0] 204|176.7|102.0|] 264/228.6/132.0 25] 21.7| 12.5]] 85] 73.6 6] 72.5 2051177.5|102.5]] 265/229.5/132.5 26] 22.5} 13.0] 86] 74.5 41 73.0]] 206|/178.4/103.0]| 266/230.4]/133.0 27| 23.4) 13.5] 87] 75.3 -3) 73.5|| 207/179.3]103.5]| 267/231.2]133.5 a8} 24.2] 14.0] 88! 76.2 .2| 74,0|| 208|180,1]104.0|| 268]232.11134.¢c 29] 25.1] 14.5]| 89] 77.1 .O] 74.5]| 209]181.0/104.5]| 269/233.0|134 § 30] 26.0] 15-O]] gol 77-9 9] 75.0]] 210/18I.9/105.0]] 270]233.8]135.0 31| 26.8] 15.5|| 91] 78.8 8) 75.5|| 211/182.7/105.5|| 271|234.71135.5 32| 27.7] 16.0]/ 92} 79.7 .6| 76.0]| 212]183.6/106.0]] 2721235.6]136.0 33) 28.6] 16.51 93] 80.5 .5| 76.5|| 273]184.5|106.5]] 2731236.4|136.5 34| 29.4] 17.0]| 94} 81.4 .4| 77.0]| 214|185.3/107.0]] 274/237.3]137 .O 35| 30.3] 17.5|] 95| 82.3 .21°97.5|| 215/186, 2/107.5]| 275|238.21137.5 36] 31.2] 18.0] 96) 33.1 1] 78,0|] 216]187,1/108.0]] 276)239.0/133.0 37| 32.0] 18.5]] 97] $4.0 .O| 78.5)| 217/187.9|/108.5]] 2977/239.9|138.5 38| 32.9] 19.0] 98] 84.9 8] 79.0]] 218]188,.8]109.0]] 278}240.8]139.0 39} 33-8] 19.5] 99} 85-7 -7| 79.5]] 219]189.7|109.5|| 279/241.61139.5 40] 34.6] 20.0]| roo} 86.6 .6] 80.0]| 220/190. 5]/110.0]] 2801242-5]140.0 All 35.5] 20 1o1| 87.5 .4| 80.5] 221/T9QI.4/110.5}} 2811243.4]140. 42| 36.4] 21 102) 88.3 63} 81.0]] 222/192. 3/1TL.0}} 2821244. 21141. 43|-37.2| 21 103] 89.2 .2) 8r.5]| 223/193. 1/111.5|| 283]245.1|141. 44| 38.1| 22 104} 90.1 .O| 82.0]| 224]/194.0]112.0]] 284|246.0]142. 45| 39.0 9 9] 82.5]] 225/194.9]112.5]] 285)246.8]742. 46| 39.8} 23 106] 91.8 8} 83.0 7 sy .6 5 .6 5 35 £0 4 .4 .4| 84.5 50] 43.3] 25 4 .21 85.0] 230/199.2/L15.0]] 290]/251.1/145. 51] 44.2] 25.5|| 111} 96.1 ~5{| 1711148.1] 85.5]| 231|200.1|115.5]| 291/252.0]145.5 52] 45.0] 26.0]| 112] 97.0] 56. 149.0] 86.0]| 232]/200.9]116.0]] 292}252.9]146.0 53] 45-9] 26.5]] 113] 97.9} 56. 149.8} 86.5]| 233/201.8]116.5]] 2931253.71146.5 54| 46.8] 27.0] 114] 98.7 Ol] 174/150.7| 87.0] 234/202.6/117.0]] 294|254.6|147.0 55] 47-6} 27-5]) 115] 99.0) 57.5]! 175|151.6] 87.5]] 235]203.5|117.5]] 2951255-5|147.5 56] 48.5] 28.0]] r16}100,5 .O]] 176/152.4| 88.0] 236/204.4]118.0]] 296]256.3]148.0 57| 49.4] 28.5]| 117|101.3 5H 1771153.3) 88.5]| 237/205.2|118.5]| 2971257.21148.5 58] 50.2] 29.0]| r18]102.2] 59. 154.2] 89.0]] 238]206.1|119.0]] 298/258.1/149.0 59] SI.1] 29.5|| 119|103.1] 59.5]] 179|155.0] 89.5|| 239]207.0}119.5|} 299/258 .9|149.5 60} 52.0] 30.0]] 120]103.9 Ol] 180]155.9] 9O.0]] 240!207.8]120.0]] 300]259.8]150.0 —_— | ——_—_———. | —_—_—_—— | | ————_ | ——_——__ | ———— _| | ———_ | ————————. | ———————__ 5 | —— J be | | Mm | - Dist] Dep.| Lat. ||Dist] Dep.| Lat. ||Dist| Dep.| Lat. ||Dist| Dep.| Lat. ||Dist] Dep.| Lat. for 60 Degrees. rT i er TABLE It. 47 Difference of Latitude and Departure for 31 Degrees. Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist. ‘Lat. .| Dep.|[Dist| Lat. | Dep.|[Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep. | Dist Lat. | Dep.||Dist Lat. Dep. Dist Lat.| Dep. EE I| 00.9] 00.5 61| 5a-3h ahs “qa1|103.7 62.3i| "781 155.) I) 93.2 “241 206.6/124.1 q| O1.7] 01.0] 62) 53-1] 31.9] 122)104.6] 62.8], 182l1S86.0] 93.7]| 2421207.4]124.6 3| 02.6] OF.5]| 63) 54.0] 32.4) 123/105.4] 63.3 183|156. 9] 94.3]] 243}208.3]125.2 A| 03.4] 02.11 64] 54.9} 33.0]] 124/100.3] 63.9]] 1841157.7| 94.81] 244/209.1|125.7 5] 04.3] 02.61] 65) 55-7] 33-5]] 125|107.1] 64.4]} 185]158.6] 95.3]] 245/210.0]126.2 6| 08.1] 03.1|| 66) 56.6] 34.0]] 126/108.0} 64.9] 186]159.4] 95.8]| 246)210.9]126.7 7| 06,0] 03.6]) 67| 57.4] 34.5]| 127|108.g} 65.4]| 187]160.3] 96.3]| 247|/211.7/127.2 8] 06.9} O4.1]] 68] 58.3] 35.0]] 128/109.7] 65.9] 188]161.1] 96.8]| 248]212.6/127.7 g| 07.7} 04.6]] 6g} 59-1] 35.5]] 129]110.6] 66.4] 189]162.0] 97.3]| 249]213.4/128.2 To] 08.6] 05-2)| 70) 60.0] 36.1|/ E30]111.4] 67.0]] 190]162.9] 97-9||_250]214.3)128.8 | “Fa 09.4] 05-7|| 71| 60.9] 36.6|] r3r\112.3] 67.51) 191|163.7| 98.4|| asrlaz5.1|129.3 12] 10.3] 06.2 2} 61.7] 37-1]| 132/113.1| 68.0}] 192]164,6) 98.9)] 252]216.0]129.8 13} 11.1] 06.7|} 73) 62.6) 37.6)| 133/114.0] 68.5]| 193/165 .4] 99.4] 253]/216.9]130.3 14| 12.0] 07.2|] 74] 63.4] 38.1] 134/114.9] 6g.0]] 194|166.3] 99.9]] 254/217. 7)130. 8 15} 12.9] 07.7]| 75] 4.3) 38.6]| 135/115.7] 69.5]| 195]167.1]100.4]] 255]/218.6/131'.3 16| 13.7] 08.2|| 76] 65.1] 39.1]| 136]116.6] 70.0|] 196|168,0]100.g]| 256]219.4/131.8 17] 14.6] 08.8]| 77) 66.0] 39.7]] 137|117.4| 70.6)| 197|168.9/f01.5]} 257/220.31132.4 18] 15.4] 09.3|| 78) 66.9] 40.2|| 138]/118.3] 71.1]| 198]169,7/102.0]] 258]221.1]/132.9 19} 160.3] 09.8]} 79] 67.7] 40.7|| 139|119.1] 71.6]| 199]170,6]102.5]] 259]222.0|133.4 20| 17.1] 10.3]/ 80] 68.6] 41.2]! 140]120.0 _72+1}] 200/171. 4]103.0|] 260/222 .91133.9 a1| 18.0] 10.8]} 81] 69.4] 41.7|} 141|120.9 72.6 QOTII72.3)103.5 ~ 261 42.3.71134.4 92| 18.9) 11.3]| 82] 70.3] 42.21) 142/121.7] 73.1]| 202/173.1|104.0]| 2621/224.6/134.9 23| 19.7| 11.3]} 83] 71.1) 42.7 atoitaan 8 73.7|| 203]/174.0|104.6]| 263/225 .4/135.5 94, 20.6] 12.4]| 84] 72.0) 43.3]] 144]123.4] 74.2]] 204/174.9|105.1]| 264/226, 3/136.0 25| 21.4] 12.9]| 85] 72.9) 43.8 145|124.3 74.7|| 205/175 .7|105 .6]] 265|227.1/136.5 26} 22.3) 13.4]{ 86] 73.7] 44.3]| 146]125.1] 75.2 206|176,6|106.1]| 266/228 .0]137.0 27| 23.11 13.9]| 87| 74.6] 44.8] 147|126.0] 75.7]| 207]177.4|106.6]| 267/228 .91137.5 93| 24.0] 14.4]] 88] 75.4] 45.3]] 148]126.9] 76.2]| 208]178.3/107.1|| 268/229.7|138.0 29] 24.9] 14.9|] 89] 76.3] 45.8!| 149]127.7| 76.7]| 209]179.1/107.6]| 269/230.6/138.5 30| 25.7] 15.5]! go] 77-1] 46.4 _150]128.6 11:3 2I0|180.0]108.2 _270)231.4/139-1 31| 26.6] 16.0]| gt| 78.0} 46.9|| 151|129.4] 77.8 211)180.9}108..7 2.711232.3|139.6 32| 27.4] 16.5 a! 78.9] 47-4]| 152/130.3| 78.3]| 212)181.7/109.2|| 272/233.1|140.1 33] 28.3] 17-0]| 93! 79-7] 47-9]| 153)131.1| 78.8]] 213/182.6)109.7]| 273 234.0/140.6 34] 29.1] 17.5]| 94] 80.6] 48.4]] 154]132.0] 79.3]| 214]183.4]110.2]| 274/234.9]141.1 35} 30.0] 18.0|/ 95] 81.4] 48.9]| 155]132.9] 79.8]| 215|184.3]110.7]| 275]235.7]141.6 36| 30.9] 18.5]| 96] 82.3] 49.4]| 156]133.7] 80.3|] 216/185. 1]L11.2|| 276/236.6)142.2 37| 31.7] 19-1] 97} 83-1] 50-O]] 157/134.6] 80.9]] 217/186. o]r14.8]| 277/237.4/142.7 38] 32.6] 19.6}; 98] 84.0] 50.5]| 1581135.4] 81.4]) 278/186,9]112.3]| 273/238.31143.2 39] 33.4] 20.1|] 99} 84.9) 51.0]) 159]136.3] 8r.9]] 219]187.7/112.8!] 279]239.1]143.7 40| 34-3] 20.6)| 100] 85.7] 51-5|| 160]137-1) 82.4] 220)1883.6)113.3]| 280/240.0]144.2 AI| 35-1} 21.1|| ror] 86.6] §2.0)/ 161]138.0] 82.9]] 221/189.4]113.8 “2811240.9]144.7 42; 30.0} 21.6|| 102] 87.4] 52.5]] 1621138.9] 83.4]| 222/190.3|114.3]| 282/241.7]/145.2 | | 43| 36.9] 22.1]] 103] 88.3] 53.0]] 1631139.7| 84.0]] 223]191.1/114.9]] 283)}242.6/145.8 | | 44| 37.7| 22.7|| 104] 89.1] 53.6]| 164]140.6! 84.5]| 224]192%.0]115.4|| 2841243.4]146.3 | | 45| 38.6) 23.2]| 05] 90.0} §4.1|| 165]141.4] 85.0] 225]142.9]115.9]] 285/244.31146.8 | | 46| 39.4] 23.7|| 106] 90.9] 54.6) 1661142.3] 85.5]] 226]193.7|1160.4|| 286/245 .1/147.3 | | 47| 40.3) 24.2|| 107] 91.7] 55.1 167|143 1} 86.0]] 227]/194.6]116.9|| 287]/246.0]147.8 | | 48] 41.1} 24.7|| 108] 92.6) 55.6]] 168]/144.0) 86.5]] 228]195.4]117.4]| 288]246.9/148.3 49] 42.0] 25.2|| og] 93.4] §6.1 rbofta g} 87.0]] 229/196. 3]117.9|] 289/247 .71148.8 50] 42.9] 25.8]| 110] 94.3] 56.7] 1701145-7| 87.6)| 230]197.1/£18.5|| 290]248.6) 149.4 51| 43-7] 26.3]| I11| 95.1] 57.2 aloe 6] 88.1] 231|198.0]119.0]] 291|24G.4]149.9 §2] 44.6) 26.8]| 112] 96.0] 57.7)| 172|147.4] 88.6]) 232]198.9]119.5]| 292/250.3]150.4 53] 45-4] 27.3]] 113] 96.9] 58.2)| 173]148.3] 89.1]] 233]/199.7|120.0]] 293/251. 21150.9 54] 46.3] 27.8]| 114] 97.7| 58.7]] 174/149.1| 89.6]) 234/200.6/120.5]| 294/252.O0]151.4 55| 47.1] 28.3]] 115} 98.6] 59.2|| 1751150.0] go.1}] 235/201.4]/121.0]] 295]252.9]151.9 §6| 48.0] 28.8]| 116] 99.4] 59.7]] 1761150.9 3.61 236/202. 31121.5|} 296/253.7|152.5 §7| 48.9) 29.4|| 117|100.3] 60.3!) 177|151.7] 91.2|| 237/203.1|/122.7|| 207|254.6]153.0 §8! 49.7! 29.9|| 118lror.1| 60.8)} 178)152.6) 91.7}) 238]204.0]122.0]) 295/255 .4)153.5 59] 50.6] 30.4]| T19|102.0] 61.3] 179]153.4] 92.2|| 239}204.9]123.1}) 299 2§6.3)154.0 60| §1.4| 30.9]| 120|102.9] 61.8] 180|154.3] 92-7]| 240/205 .7|123.6 300/257 -11T54-5 Dist] Dep.| Tat. | Dist] Dep,| Lat. Dist] Dep.| Lat. [Dist] Dep] Tat. | Dist! Dep.| Lat. for 59 Degrees. j 18 TABLE II. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 32 Degrees. Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Disel Lat. | Dep. Dist; Lat.} Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist} Lat.| Dep. me ff | | | | | | | | YS RM 1} 00.8] 00.5) 6x} 51.7] 32-3]| 121/102.6] 64.1]! 181/153.5] 95.9]] 241/204.4]127.7 a] O1.7| OT.1]] 62| §2.6} 32.9|] 122/103.5| 64.7|| 1821154.3| 96.4]| 242|205.21728.2 3] 02.5] O1.6]| 63] 53.4] 33-4]] 123]104.3] 65.2/| 183/155.2] 97.0|] 243/206.1/128.8 4| 03.4] 02.11/64] 54.3] 33-9]] 124]705.2] 65.7]|| 184/156.0] 97.5]] 244]/206.9]129.3 §| 04.2) 02.6]] 65] 55.1] 34.4]] 125/106.0] 66.2)/ 185/156.9] 98.01 245|207.8/129.8 6} 05.1] 03.211 66] 56.0] 35.0|] 126)106.9] 66.8] 186]157.7] 98.6)| 246/208 .6)130.4 4} 05.9] 03.7] 67] 56.8! 35.5]| 127]/107.7| 67.31 187/158.6) 99.11] 247|209.5|130.9 8] 06.8} 04.21] 68] 57.7] 36.0]] 128]/108.6} 67.8]| 188/159.4] 99.6]! 248]210.3/131.4 g} 07.6] 04.8)! 69] 58.5] 36.6]| r29]109.4] 68.4|| 189]160.3)100.2]| 249/211. 2113.9 10] 08.5] 0§.3]1 ol 59 4] 37-1] 130]L10.2] 68.9]] Ig0]161.1}/100.7]] 250]212.0]132.5 II] 09.3] 05.8] 71] 60.2] 37.6)| 131/£11.1] 69.4]! 191|162.0]101.2]| 251/212.9]133.0 12] 10,2] 06.4} 72} 61.1] 38.2]} 132/111.9] 69.9]] 192]162.8]101.7]] 2521213.7|133.5 13] 11.0] 06.9]} 73] 61.9] 38.7]| 133/112.8) 70.5]] 193]163.7|102.3]] 253/214.6]134.1 14] 11.9] 07.4]| 74} 62.8) 39.2] 134|113.6] 72.0] 194/164.5]102.8]] 254]215.4]134.6 15] 12.7] 07-9]] 75} 63.6) 39-7) 135|114.5] 71-5] 195]165.4]103.3]] 255]216.3/135.1 16] 13.6} 08.5|] 76] 64.5) 40.3]| 136/175.3] 72.1]] 196/160. 2/103 .9]] 256/217.1/135.7 17| 14.4] 09.0]] 77] 65.3] 40.8]/ 137/116.2| 72.6] 197/167.1]104.4]| 257|217.9|1360.2 18] 15.3] 09.5|| 78} 66.1) 41.3]| 138/117.0] 73.1) 198]/167.9]104.9]| 258]218.8]136.7 19] 16.1] 10.1||- 79] 67.0) 41.9] 139/117.9] 73-7|| 199|168.8]105.5]| 259/219.6]137.2 20] 17.0] 10.6]| So} 67.8] 42.4]] 140/tT18.7] 74.2]] 200]/169.6)106.0]| 260]220.5]137.8 a1] 17.8] Ir.1]| Sr| 68.7] 42.9]] 141{t19.6) 74.7|| 201]/170.5]106.5|| 261/221. 3/138.3 921 18.71 11.7|| 82] 69.5] 43.5|/ 142/120.4] 75.2l] 202/171.3/107.0]| 262/222.2/138.8 23] 19.5] 12.2]1 83] 70.4) 44.0l] 143]121.31 75.8] 203/172.21107.6|| 263/223.0|/139.4 24| 20.4] 12.7|] 84] 71.2] 44.5]] 144]122.1| 76.3] 204/173.0]108.1|| 2641223.9]139.9 25] 21.2] 13.2]! 85] 72.1] 45.O]] 145]123.0] 76.8] 205/173.8]108.6]| 265|224.71140.4 26] 22.0] 13.8]| 86] 72.9] 45.6) 146)123.8] 77.4|| 2060|/174.7/109.2|| 266]225.6]141.0 27|.22.9| 14.3 71 73.8) 46.1|| 147/124.7| 77.9]] 207|175.5|109.7|| 267/220, 4/141.5 28) 23.7| 14.8]| 88] 74.6) 46.6] 148]125.5| 78.4|| 208]176.4]110.2|| 268]227.3/142.0 29] 24.6) 15.4]| 89] 75.5] 47-2|| 149/126.4] 79.0]]. 209]/177.2|110.8]| 269]/228,1/142.5 301 25-4] 15.9]] go] 76.3] 47-7] 150]t27.2] 79.5]] 210]178.1/111.3]| 270|229.0|143.1 31 26.3] 16.4] 1] 77.2) 48.2) 151/128.1] 80.0] 211/178.9|111.8]| 271/229.8]143.6 32! 27.1] 17.0]] ga] 78.0] 48.8] 152)128.9] 80.5]| 212/179.9]112.3]| 272/230.7/144.1 33| 28.0] 17.5]] 93] 78.9] 49-3]} 153)129.8] 81.1)/ 213/180.6/112.9]| 273/231.5]144.7 34; 28.8] 18.0] 94] 79.7} 49.8|| 154/£30.6] 81.6]! 214/181.5]113.4|| 274/232.4|145.2 35] 29.7] 18.5] 95] 80.6) So 3i| 155/13r.4] 82.1]| 215/182.3/113.9]| 275/233.21145.7 36] 30.5] Ig.1]| 96] 82.4] 50.9|] 156]132.3] 82.7]] 216/183.2/114.5]| 276/234.1|146.3 37| 31.4] 19.6! g7] 82.3) 51.4]] 157/133.1| 83.2]] 217|184.01115.0]] 2771/234.9]146.8 38] 32.21 20.1]! 98] 83.1] SI.g|} 158]134.0] 83.7|| 218|184.9]115.5]| 278/235 .81147.3 39] 33-2] 20.7]! 9g} 84.0] 52.51] 159]134.8) 84.3] 219/185.7|116.11| 2791236.6]147.8 4c] 33.9] 21.2] roo] 84.8} §3.0]] 160)135.7] 84.8] 220]186.6)116.6]| 28c]237.5/148.4 4tl 34.8] 21.7]| ror] 85.7] 53.5]| 161/136.5] 85.3]] 221/187.4/117.1|] 281/238. 3|148.9 2} 35.6] 22.3]| 102] 86.5] 54.1|| 162/137.4] 85.8|| 222)188.3)117.6]| 282/239.1/149.4 43] 36.5] 22.8]/ 103} 87.3] 54.6]| 163)138.2] 86.4]| 223/189.1/118.2]| 283/240.0]150.0 44] 37.3] 23.31] 1o4 88.2) §5.1]] 164/139.1| 86.9]| 224/190.0]118.7]| 284/240.8]150.5 45| 38.2] 23.8]/ 105| 89.0} $5.6]| 165]139.9] 87.4]| 225]190.8]119.2|| 285)241.7/151.0 46] 39.0] 24.4]| 106] 89.9] §6.2]| 166!140.8] 88.0]] 226]191.7/119.8]| 286]/242.5|151.6 47| 39.9] 24.9]; 107| 90.7] 56.7} 167|141.6| 88.5]] 227/192 5/120.3]] 287/243. 4|152.1 48] 40.7] 25.4]| 108] 91.6) 57.2] 168]142.5] 89.0]] 228/193.4|120.3]| 288)244.2/152.6 49| 41.6] 26,0]] tog} 92.4] 57.8]| 169)143.3} 89.6] 229]194.2/121.4]| 289]245.1/153.1 50] 42-4] 26 §]| rro] 93-3] 58-31] 170|144.2] 90.11] 230]195-1|121-9]] 290/245.9|153-7 51| 43.3) 2 IIz| 94.1} §8.8]| 171/145.0] 90.6]] 231/195 .9]122.4|| 291/246.8]154.2 2) 44.1] 27 I12| 95.0} §9-4]| 172/145.9] 91.1|| 232/196.7|122.9]] 292/247.6/154.7 53] 44-9] 23.1/| 1131 95.8) 59-9]] 173|146.7| 91.7} 233/197 .6/123.5]| 293/248.51155.3 54 45.8] 28 114] 96.7] 60.4]] 174/147 6 92.2]| 234/198.4]124.0]] 294/249.3/155.8 55] 40.6] 29.1] 115] 97.5] 60.9]! 175|/148.4) 92.7]] 235/199.3/124.5]] 2951250.2]156.3 50] 47.5] 29.7]| 116] 98.4] 61.5]| 176/149.3] 93.3]| 236]/200.11125.1]] 296/251.0]156.9 §7| 48.3] 30.2] 117] 99.2] 62.0]] 177|150.1] 93.8] 237/201.0]125 .6]] 297|251.9|157 4 §8| 49.2] 30.7]| 113]100, 1] 62.5]| 174 151,0] 94.3]| 238/201 .8]126.1]| 298]252.71157.9 §9| §0.0] 31.3]| I19|T00.9] 63.1]| T7g|z1F* Rl 94.9]| 239/202.71/126.7]| 299]253.6]158.4. 60} §0.9] 31.81] 120]10r.8| 63.6)| 180]152.6] 95.4]| 240]203.5|127.2]| 300)254.4|159.0 for 58 Degrees. TABLE II. 49 Difference of Latitude and Departure for 33 Degrees. Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.|/Dist} Lat. | Dep.||Dist} Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat.| Dep. 00.8) 00.5]] 61] 51.2] 33.2|| r21/TOr.5] 65.9|| 181/151.8] 98.6]| 241]202.1/131.3 OF.7] O1.1|] 62) 52.0] 33.8]| 122/102.3] 66.4]| 182/152.6] 99.1]| 242]203.0)131.8 02.5] O1.6!| 63) 52.8] 34.3]] 123}103.2] 67.0]/ 1831153.5] 99.7|] 243/203.81132.3 03.4] 02.2]] 64] 53.7] 34-9H 124]104.0] 67.5]] 184]154.3|100.2]] 244]204.6/132.9 04.2] 02.7|| 65] 54.5] 35-4]| 125]104.8] 68.1]] 185|155.2/100.8]| 245/205 .5/133.4 05.0} 03.3] 66} 55.4] 35-9]] 126/105.7] 68.6] 186/156,0]/101.3]) 246/206, 3/134,0 05.9] 03.8] 67} 56.2) 36.5]| 127/106,5] 69.2]} 187|156.8]101.8]] 247/207. 2/134.5 06.7} 04.4|| 68) 57.0} 37.0]! 128/107.3] 69.7|| 188]157.7]102.4]| 248[208.0]135.1 07.5] 4.9/1 69] 57.9] 37-6]| 129]108.2} 70.3]] 189]158.5]102.9]] 249]/208.8]135 .6 08.4] 05.4]] 70] 58.7) 38.1] 130/109.0] 70.8]] 190]159.3/103.5]| 250/209, 71136.2 09.2} 06.0]] 71} §9.5] 38.7]| 131/109.9] 71.3]] Ig1]160.2|104.0]] 251/210. 5/136.7 10.1| 96.5|| 72] 60.4] 39.2|| 132/110.7| 71.9]} 192]161.0]104,6]| 252/211.3/137.2 10.9] 07.1|} 73} 61.2) 39.8]| 133/I11.5] 72.4]| 193]161.g]105.1|| 253/212.21137.8 I1.7| 07.6]| 74) 62.1} 40.3]] 134/112.4] 73.0] 194]162.7]/105.7|| 254/213.0]138.3 E2.6] 08.2|| 75] 62.9] 40.8]! 135/113.2] 73.5]1 195|163.5|106.2|| 255|213.9|/138.9 13.4] 08.7|| 76} 63.7] 41.4]} 136|114.1| 74.1]| 196|164.4]106,7|| 256/214.7/139.4 14.3} 09.3|| 77| 64.6] 41.94 137/114.9| 74.6]| 197|165.2/107.3]] 257/215.5]140.0 15.1} 09.8|| 78! 65.4] 42.5|| 138/115.7] 75.2|| 198]166.1/107.8]] 258]216.4]140.5 5.9] 10.3|| 79} 66.3} 43.0]] 139/116.6] 75.7]| 199|166.9/108.4]| 259/217.2/141.1 _20 16.8} 10.9]! 85] 67.4] 43-6]| 140]117.4] 76.2]| 200]167.7/108.9]| 260]218.1|141.6 17.6) 11.4|| 81| 67.9] 44.1]| 141/118.3] 76.8]| 201|168.6)109.5]| 261/218.9/142.2 18.5] 12.0]] 82] 68.8) 44.7|] 142/119.1| 77.3]| 202/169.4/110.0|| 262/219.7|142.7 19.3] 12.5]] 83] 69.6) 45.2]| 143/119.9] 77.9|| 203/170.3]/110.6]| 263|220.6/143.2 20.1) 13.1|} 84) 70.4] 45.7]! 144]/120.8] 78.4]! 204/171.1]/111.1]| 264|221.4|143.8 21.0] 13.6]) 85] 71.3} 46.3]| 145/121.6] 79.0]] 205]171.Q/11T.7|] 265 222.2/144.3 21.8] 14.2/| 86] 72.1] 46.8]| 146/122.4] 79.5]| 206/172.8]112.2]| 266/223.1/144.9 22.6) 14.7|| 87| 73.0] 47.4]| 147/123.3] 80.1]| 207|173.6|112.7]| 267/223.9)145.4 23.5) 15.2|| 88] 73.8] 47.9|| 148]124.1| 80.6]| 208]/174.4/113.3]] 268|224.8]146.0 24.3) 15.8]| 80] 74.6) 48.5]| 149]125.0] 81.2]] 209/175 .3]113.8]] 269/225 .6]146.5 _ 30} 25-2 16.3]] gol 75-5] 49-0]| 150/125 .8] 81.7} 210]176.1/114.4]] 270|226.4]147.1 26.0] 16.9]| o1| 76.3] 49.6]| 151/126.6] 82.2]} a11/177.0]114.9]| 271/227.3]147.6 26.8) 17.4]! 92] 77.2] 50.1]/ 152/127.5| 82.8]| 212/077.8]115.5]] 272/228.1/148.1 27.7| 18.0]| 93) 78.0] §0.7]| 153/128.3) 83.3]] 213|178.6/116.0]| 273]229.0]148.7 28.5} 18.5]| 94] 78.8] 51.2/| 154/129.2] 83.9]] 214|179.5|116.6]| 274/229.8]149.2 29.4] 19.1|| 95] 79.7] 51.7]! 155|£30.0] 84.4]} 215]180.3/117.1|| 275/230.6]149.8 30.2] 19.6]| 96] 80.5] 52.3]| 156/130.8] 85.0]] 216/181.2/117.6]] 276/231.5/150.3 31.0] 20.2] 97] 81.4] 52.8]| 157/131.7] 85.5]] 217/182.0/118.2]] 277/232.3]150.9 31.9] 20.7|| 98) 82.2) 53.4]| 158/132.5| 86.1|| 218/182.8)118.7|| 278/233.2/151.4 32.7| 21.2|| 99] 83.0] 53.9]| 159]133.3| 86.6]| 219/183.7]/119.3]| 279]234.0]152.0 _ 40} 33.5] 21-8]| 100} 83.9] 54.5|| 160/134.2) 87.1/| 220]184.5/119.8|| 280/234.8)152.5 34.4] 22.3] Lor] 84.7] §5.0]| 161|135.0| 87.7]! 221]185.3]120.4]| 281/235 .71153.0 35.2| 22.9|| 102) 85.5] 55.6]| 162/135 .9] 88.2]| 222/186.2]120.9]| 282/236.5|153.6 36.1) 23.4]| 103] 86.4] 56.1]| 163/136.7| 88.8]| 223/187.0]121.5|| 2831237.3/154.1 36.9] 24.0|| 104} 87.2] 56.6] 164/137.8] 89.3]| 224|187.9|122.0]| 284/238.2/154.7 37.7] 24.5|| 105} 88.1] 57.21] 165|138.4) 89.9]| 225|188.7]/122.5|| 285|239.0/155.2 38.6] 25.1|| 106] 88.9] 57.7]| 166)139.2] 90.4]| 226/189.5]123.1|] 286/239.9/155.8 39.4] 25.6]| 107] 89.7] 58.3]] 167|140.1| g1.o]] 227/190.4|123.6]| 287/240.7/156.3 40.3} 26.1|| 108} 90.6] 58.8]| 168]140.9] gr.5]] 228/191.2/124.2]| 288)241.5/156.9 41.1} 26.7|| 109} 91.4] 59.4]| 169]141.7| 92.0]] 229/192.1/124.7]| 289/242.4/157.4 41.9] 27.2] TIO} 92.3] 59-9]| 170|142.6] 92-6|| 230]192.9]125.3]] 290/243-2]157.9 42.8} 27.8]| T11] 93.1] 60.5|} 171|143.4| 93.1|| 231|193.7|125.8]| 291|244.1]158.5 43.6) 28.3]| 112] 93.9} 61.0] 172/144.3] 93.7]] 232/194.6]126.4]| 292/244.9/159.0 4] 28.9]] 113] 94.8] 61.5]| 173]145.1} 94.2] 233/195 .4|126.9]] 293/245.71159.6 29.4|| 114] 95.6] 62.1|| 174]145.9] 94.8]| 234]196.2/127.4|| 294|246.6)160.1 30.0]] 115] 96.4] 62.6]| 175/146.8] 95.3] 235]197.1|128.0]] 295|247.4|160.7 30.5|| 116] 97.3] 63.2]! 176|147.6] 95.9] 236|197.9]128.5|| 296|248.2/161.2 31.0|| 117| 98.1] 63.7]] 177|148.4] 96.4]] 237|198.8]129.1|| 297/249.1|161.8 31.6]] 118] 99.0] 64.3]| 178]149.3] 96.9]| 238]199.61129.6]] 298)249.9)162. 3 32.1} I19] 99.8] 64.8]] 179/150.1] 97.5|| 239]200.4/130.2|] 299/250.8]162.8 32.7|| 120|100.6] 65.4]| 180]E51.0} g8.0|| 240]201.3/£30.7|| 300/251.6}163.4 — |__| —— | | ————_ | -— — | ————— | J - —_ | | | I —— ———_ | | SC CC OO rl .| Lat. ||Dist] Dep.| Lat. ||Dist| Dep. G for 57 Degrees. 50 Dist SORE ve | ee | a fe ff | | | | — Lat. | Dep.||Dist ONDPONAWOHDEA tr~t COO NHN NTO ee ee) ee | eee Dist} Dep.| Lat. ||Dist| Dep. 5 66.3 oo > Lal &> [on . e . . e e e e. e KH NAOMOW On a ke YN Aww O & COOO™I Lat. TABLE Il. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 34 Degrees. Lat. | Dep.||Dist} Lat. | a eee 121|100.3 122|IO1. 123|102. 124|102. 132/109 .4 133|110.3 134|/TII.1 135|III.9 136|112.7 137|113.6 138/114.4 I3Q|115 .2 I40|116.1 I41|116.9 142|117.7 143|118 .6 T44|119.4 145|120.2 146|T21.0 147|1a1.9 148|122.7 149}123-5 150|124-4 I51|125.2 152|126.0 153/126.8 154|127.7 155|128.5 156|129.3 157|130.2 158/131.0 159|131.8 160|132.6 161/133.5 162|134.3 163|135.1 164|136.0 165|136.8 166/137 .6 1671138 .4 1681739 .3 169/140,1 170|T40.9 171|141.8 172/142.6 173}143.4 174|144.3 175|145.1 176/145 .9 177|146.7 178|147.6 Dep. Dist] Lat. | Dep.||Dist} Lat.| Dep. —_\_— | | comer | ee | I81|I50,1/101,2 182|I50,g]101.8 183/151.7/102.3 184]152.5|102.9 185|153.4|103.5 1861154.2|104.0 187/155 .0/104.6 188]155.9|105.1 189}156.7|105.7 190|157.5/106.2 192|159.2|107.4 93/1 eee 194]160,8]108,5 195|161.7|109,0 196|162.5/109.6 197|163.3/110,2 198|164,1|110.7 199|165 .O}111.3 200/165 .8]111.8 202|167.5|113.0 203|168.3/113.5 204/169. 1114.1 205|170.01114.6 206|170,8/115.2 207/171 6/15 -8 208]172.4/116.3 209]173.3/116.9 2411199 .8)134.8 242]200.6)135.3 2.43)201.51135.9 2.44|202.31136.4 245|203.11137.0 246203. 133.6 2.47|204.8)138.1 248}205 .6/138.7 249|206.4!139.2 —_—_So [OOO I OO I SN | | 251/208.1]140.4 252}208 ..91T40.9 2§3|209.7|141.5 254|219.6]142.0 255/211 .4/142.6 256/212.2|143.2 2571/213.1|143.7 258)/213.9|144.3 259/214.7/144.8 260]215.51145 «4 201|166.6|112.4|| 261/216.4]145.9 || 2621217 .2/146.5 263/218.0/147.1 264/218 .9]147.6 265}219.7|148.2 266/220.5)148.7 267/221 .4|149.3 268)222.2|149.9 269|223.0/150.4 2IO|I74.1/117.4]| 270/223 .8/151.0 211/174.9]118.0 2121175 .8|118.5 213|176.6|/119.1 214|177-4/119.7 215|178.2|120.2 216]/179.1|120.8 217|179.9|121.3 218/180.7|121.9 21g\181.6/122.5 2.20|182.4]123.0 271|224.7/157.5° 2.7212.25.§/152.1 273/226. 3)15§2.7 2741227 .2/153.2 ——- | | ———_—_—_ | ————— | ———— | | ———__ | 99°5 179|148,4|100.1 180|149.2|100.7 2.21|183 222)184 223/184 224/185 225/186 2.261187 .21123.6 .O|124.1 .9|124.7 7112523 .5|125.8 .4/126.4 2271188 ,2/126.9 2.28]189 .0]127.5 2.29]189.8]128.1 2811233.0]157.1 2821233 .8/157.7 283/234.6/158.3 284/235.4|158.8 285|236.31159.4 286/237 .1/159.9 287/237 .9|160.5 288/238 .8)161.0 289|239.«6|161 .6 2.30/190.7|128.6]] 290/240.4|162.2 231jI9I.5|129.2 H 232/192. 3|129.7 233|193.2|130.3 2.34]194.0|130.9 235|194.8]131.4 2301195 .7]132.0 237|196.5|132.5 2381197 .3}133.1 239|148 .1|133.6 240|199 .0]134.2 291|241.2|162.7 292/242.1|163.3 2.93|242.9]163.8 294/243.7|164.4 295|244.6/165.0 296/245 .4]165.5 297|246.2|166.1 298|247.1|166.6 299|247.9|167.2 300|248 -7|167..8 Dist| Dep.| Lat. ||Dist] Dep.| Lat. ||Dist| Dep.| Lat. for 56 Degrees. | Dist] Dep.! Lat. TABLE IL. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 35 Degrees. Lat. | Dep.||Dist we 6 A) y: 4 9 . - . . ° e ° . . ° “Ie OB WYP HM Dist 4 ay -O 8 6 4 3 wr 9 5 . . ae { . A c HoOotrn DOO n uM 1 12I| 99.1 122] 99.9 123|100.8 124/101 .6 125|102.4 126|103.2 127|104.0 128]104.9 129|105.7 .2{| 130/T06.5 I31j107. 132/108. 133]108. 134/109. 135/110. IZ6]1I1. vey, EU 2i 138}113. 139|113. I4ojI14. I41j1I5. 142/116. 143/117. T44|118. 145]118. 146|119. 147|120. I48|121. 149|122. 1§0]122.9 151/123 .7 152|124.5 153/125 .3 154|126,1 155|127.0 156|127.8 157|128.6 158]129.4 15§9|130.2 160}131.1 I61|131I. 162/132. 163/133. 164/134.% WTO O DB ACCOO MDS en b QAOO HH 171j140. 172|140. 173/141. 174|142. 175|143. 176/144. 177|145. 178/145. 179|146, 180]147. 181/148 .3|103.8 182|149.1]104.4 183]149.9|105 I85]I51. 186|152. 187|153. 188/154. I89|154. OB OHH O » 5) 109 3/110 .I|IIO .Q|LII. STII. 6112. 4/113. 21113. 3.0]114. .S|It4. 207/164. 202/165 .5 203/166, : 204/167. 2.05|167., 206/168. 207169. 208]170, 209/171, QI0]172.0}120. QI1]172.8/121. 212|173.7|121. 213/174.5|122. 2I4|175.3/122. 915|176,1/123. 216|176,9|123. 217/177 .8|124. 218|178 6/125. 219/179 .4/125. 2.20|180.2/126. 221/181 .0]126.8 222/181 .9|127.3 223)182.7|127.9 224}183.5|128.5 225/184. 3|129. 226)185.1|129. 227/185 .9|130. 228/186 .8/130. 2.29|187,.6|131. 230/188 .4|/131. 231/189. 2|132. 2.32|190.0|133. 233|190.9|133. 234/191. 7/134. 235|192.5|134. 236/193 .3|135. 237/194 .1/135. 238/195 .0]136, 239/195 8/137. 240/196.61137. TH DO f CODON™TH A . . ° . . . . . e YP AdOMOWrATIN AQAOMMOowWwWnr bh QO HLwOW SO» CON AH 241|197. 242/198. 2.43)199. 244/199. 251)205. 2.521206. 253|207. 254/208. 2.55|208. 256|209, 257|210, 258/211, 259|212. 260}213. 2.61}213.€ 262/214. 263}215. 264\216, 2.65|217. 266|217. 267|218. 2.68}219. 2.69|220, ajo|2an.|t54.9 | 271|222.0]155.4 2.721222.81156.0 2731223 .6|156.6 274122441157 .2 275|225 «3}157-7 276)226.11158.3 27'7|226.91158.9 278|227.7|159.5 2.79]228,5|160.0 280}229.4|160.6 281|230.2|161, 282)231 .O|161, 283|231 8/162, 284|232.6|162, %2 CON HOMUWns ND 291/238. 292|239. 2.93|240. 294/240. 295|241. 2.96242. 297|243 -3/170.4 298|244.1|170.9 299|244.9]171.5 300/245 -7/172.1 Dep.| Lat. ||Dist} Dep.| Lat. ||/Dist| Dep.} Lat. ||Dist{ Dep.| Lat. Gree for 55 Degrees. \ 52 Dist; Lat. 00.8 o1.6 02.4 03.2 04,0 ee 2 3 4 5 6) 04.9 7 8 9 has Dep.||Dist Lat. | Dep.|/Dist; Lat. | Dep.|/Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist} Lat. | Dep. 00.6 Ol. Ol, ee ee | ee rr rr fn ff | | g 49-4 50.2 51.0 8 52.6 4 54. 51 53 2 73. —_—_ | — | | | | LL | Ce | | | Oo tn <1 000 BW B QOO 6 aN » THUNO HOT Hin Of nN a On AO CON TABLE II. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 36 Degrees. I4I|II4.1 142|114.9 143|1I5.7 144|116.5 145/117 .3 146|118.1 147|118.9 148/119.7 149|120, 5 T50|121.4 I51|122.2 152|123.0 153|123.8 154|124.6 161/130. 162/131. 163/131. 164|132. — | |————_. |. —____— 171|138. 172/139. 173|140. 174/140. 175|14r. 176142. 177|143. 178/144. 179|144. 180|f45. 's Lon | ce) ox§ COW AOMOwWr~T Ht 71.1]| 181|146.4]106.4]| 241]195.0|141.7 71-7 72.3 72.9 73+5 \o —~s WOWwnT YN AO HS CHD DN 182|147.2|107.0 183/148.1]107.6 184/148 .9|108 .2 185]149.7|108.7 186]150.5|109.3 187|151.3|109.9 188|152.1/I10.5 189]152.9|111.1 I9O]I53-7|III.7]| 250)202.3/146.9 IQI]I54.5|112.3 192]155.3|112.9 193]156.1|113.4 194]156.9]114.0 195|157.8|114.6 196]158.6/115.2 197|159.4|115.8 198/160, 2|116.4 199/161 ,O|117.0 200/161 .8]117.6 202|163.4|118.7 203/164. 2/119.3 204/165 .o]119.9 205/165 .8]120.5 206]/166.7|121.1 207|167.5|121.7 2.08}168 . 3/122.3 209}169.1]122.8 Q11|170.7|124.0 212|171.5|124.6 213|172.3|125.2 214|173.1|125.8 215|173.9]1206.4 216|174. Q171175. 218|176, 219/177. 220/178. 237/191 «7/1393 238}192.5)239.9 239|193.4|/140.5 2AO}I94.2)141.1 242/195 .8]142.2 243}196.6/142.8 244/197 .4)143.4 245|198.2|144.0 246/199.0|144.6 247|199.8|145.2 248|200 6|145.8 249|201 4|146.4 251}203.1|147.5 252/203 .9]143.1 25,3|204.7|148.7 254/205 «5}249-3 | 25§|206.3|149.9 256|207.1|150.5 257/207 .9/151.1 | 258)208,7/151.6 259/209. 5|152.2 260]210.3}152.8 201|162.6]118.1|| 261/211.2|153.4 262/212.0]154.0 263/212 .8/154.6 | 264)213.6]155.2 265|214.4|155.8 266/215 .2|150.4 267/216 ,0|156.9 | 2681216 .8|157.5 269/217, 6|158.1 210]169.9|123 4]] 270)218.4|158.7 271)219.2/159-3 272|220.1/159.9 2731220.9|160.5 a74|221.7|161.1 2751222,5|161.6 276/223. 3|162.2 2771224 ,1|162.8 278/224 .9|163.4 279|225 .7|164.0 280/226. 5|164.6 281|227.3|165.2 232/228 .1/165 .8 283/229 .0]166.3 2841229 .8|166.9 285|230.6|167.5 286/231 .4|168.1 2871232,2/168 .7 288/233 .0|169.3 289/233.8]169.9 290|234.6]170.5 ——<—<—— | | — — | —_———_—_———= 291|235.4]171.0 2921236.2|171.6 293/237 .O|172.2 294/237 .9|172.8 295|238.7|173.4 296)239.5|174.0 2.97|240.3|174.6 298/241 .1|175.2 299/241 .9/175.7 300]242.7|176.3 Dist Dep.| Lat. Dist| Dep. Lat. Dist Dep.| Lat. Dist Dep. ‘Lat. Dist Dep.| Lat. for 54 Degrees. TABLE II. 53 Difference of Latitude and Departure for 37 Degrees. [Dist] Lat. | Dep. 49-5 59.3 51.1 51.9 52.7 OW CONT ANP WH YP oO e&WUns “7 os) oe) aE 9 “7 5 “3 a RS TY eas RY en it ae COOnM WtrsTO FOU! 4 CO DE AWO HERA Dist) Dep.| Lat. ||Dist EPs PL ALS eo te DAO OR AO ® AQ Ov AO O DADE CY ACH & Dist} Lat. | Dep. Dep.| Lat. Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. 121| 96.6 122] 97.4 123] 98.2 124] 99.0 125| 99.8 126|100.6 127|101.4 128/102.2 129]103.0 130|103.8| 6 4 2 fe) 8 .6 4 a fe) I40|T11.8 141|112.6 142|113.4 143|114.2 144|115.0 145/115 .8 146|116.6 147/117 .4 148/118 .2 149|119.0 I50|119.8 I§1|t20. 152/121. 153|/122. 15§4|123. E5124. 156|124. 157/125. 158|126. 159/127. 160127. 161|328, 162|129, 163|130, T64|131, 165/131. 166|132, 167/133. 168]134, 169]135. 170|335. 171/136, 172|337. 173/138. 174139. 175|139.0 176/140, 177|141. 178|142,2|107, 179|T43.0]107, 180|143.8/108. coonkbacont & AwWoOnfhl NH Dep. 181|144.6|108.9 -241|192.5|145 .0 182|145.4/109.5 183/146. 2|1I0.1 184|146.9|T10.7 185/147. 7|/1I1I.3 186|148.5|11I.9 187/149.3/112.5 188/150.1|/113.1 189|15§0.9|113.7 242|193.3|145 .6 2.43|194.1|146.2 244/194 .9|146.8 245|195+7|147.4 2.46|196.5|148.0 247/197 .3|148.6 2.48|198 .11149.3 2.491198 .9/149.9 IQO|LS1-7|514.3]] 250/199-7150. § .8|| 191|152.5|114.9 192|1§3.3|115.5 193|154.1|116.2 194/154.9|116.8 195|155.7|117.4 196|156.5/118.0 197|157.3|118.6 198]158.1/TI9.2 1g99]158.9]119.8 -3||_200]159-7|120-4 201{160.5|12I. 202|161.3/121. 203|162.1/122. 204|162.9/122. db Wr AOR OY AO 211/168 .5|127. 212|169.3|127. 213|170.1|128. 214|170.9]128. 215|171.7/129. 216|/172,5|130. 217|173.3/130. 218|174.1/131. 219|174.9|131. 220|175 «7/132. 2211176.5|133. BIE 77 380 33% 223/178 .1/134. 2241178 .9/134. 225|179.7/135. 226/180.5|136. 227|181,3|136. 228}182.1|137 229/182 .9|137 2.30|183 «7/138 2.31|184.5}139. 232/185 .3/139. 2.33|186.1|140. 234|186.9]140. 235|187.7|141. 236/188 .5|142. 237/189 .3|142. 238|190.1|143. 239|190.9/143. 240]191.7|144.4 b COW AOR OY AOIF COPY AOB CON AO con AOL COHN AO 4§1|200 §/151.1 252/201 .3/151.7 253|202.1/152.3 | 254/202 .9)152.9 2§5|203 -7|153-5 256|204.5|154.1 257/205 .2|154.7 258/206 C155 .3 259|206.8/155.9 260|207.6/156.5 261/208 .4|157.1 262/209 .2/157.7 263/210.0/158.3 264|210.8/158.9 265)211.6]159.5 266|212.4/160.1 2.67|213.2/160.7 268|214.0/161.3 269|214.8/161.9 270/215 .6|162.5§ ——— 271|216.4|163.1 272/217, 2163.7 273/218 .0/164.3 274/218 .8/164.9 275|219.6/165.5 276|220.4|166.1 77227, 278/222, 279/222, 280|223. 281|224.4|169.1 2821225 .2/169.7 2831226 .0]170,3 2841226 .8|170.9 285/227 .0/271.5 286|228 .4|172.1 2871}229.2/172.7 238/230.01173.3 289]230.3/173.9 290/231. 291|232.4/175.1 292|/233.2/175.7 293]234.0]176.3 294|234.8|176.9 295235 6|177.5 296/236.4|178.1 297/237 .2|178.7 298|238 .0|179.3 299/238 .8/179.9 300|239.6/180.5 |Dist] Dep.} Lat. ||Dist| Dep.| Lat. ||Dist| Dep.| Lat for 53 Degrees. 54 Io iltiht CODE AWS VUOX~ TABLE II. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 38 Degrees. Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist] Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. —-—— DWATHAGSY AH. HANDY AOR CORD A & DOR wOY AOH~ ces | fl | | | | — jb | fl | | | FO OO eh OO OOO ist} Dep. ‘Lat ‘Dist Dep.| Lat. Dist Dep.| Lat. ||Dist| Dep.} Lat. ||Dist] Dep. ONO HOO HOH ° ° ee e . e e . acon >} & NN Owe “IO WY 31-5 41.0 42.6 43.3 44.1 44.9 47-3 nOVR AOR CODMD ¢ Ou 00» tN Oo ~ a S CON DO HnT HNO 161]126.9] 99. 162|127.7] 99. 163}128.4]LOO. 164|129.2/IOI. 165|130.0|101. 166]130.8]/102. 167/131 .6)102. 168|132.4/103. 169]133.2/104. 170|134.0|TO4. 171|134.7|105 .3 172|135.5|105 .9 173/136. 3|100.5 174|137.1|107.1 175|137. 176/138. 177|139. 17/8|140, T79|14I 1110.2 1$0|141.8|110.8 Rae op te ae ee, eee rere ee Dep. 181]142.6]111.4|| 241/189.9|]148.4 182]143.4]112.1 183|144.2)112.7 184|145 .O}113.3 185/145 .8/113.9 186|146.6]114.5 187|147.4]/115.1 188/148 .1/115.7 189]148.9]116.4 IQ1|I50.5|117.6 192/151. 3]118.2 193|152.1|118.8 T94]152.9/119.4 195|153.7|120. 196]154.5|120. 197|155.2/121. 198]156.0]1a1. 199]156.8)122. 200|157.6]123. mono On — | — ——— | ——_—__ || —_ ____ | | 201|158.4|123. 202/159. 2|124. 203|160,0]125. 204/160, 8]125. 205|161.5|126. 206|162,3}126. 207|163,1|127. 208|163 .9]128. 209/164. 7/128. 210|165.5]129. WwIHB OY AOA 211/166, 2.121167, 213|167 .8|131,1 214|168 ,6)131.8 215|169.4|132.4 216/170, 2/133.0 217/171 .0j133.6 218]171.8)/134.2 219|172.6/134.8 _220/173 4/135 -4 1|130.5 242|190.7|149.0 243|191.5|149.6 244]192.3)150.2 245]193.1/150.8 246/193.9]/151.5 2.47|194.6]152,1 248/195 .4|152.7 249/196. 21153.3 259/204. 260|204. Mtn con MOF 261|205.7 2621206. 5 263/207. 264|208. 2.651208. 266|209. 267/210, 268]211. 269}212. 270/212. 271|213. 272/214. 27312151 2741215. 275/216. 276|217. 277/218. 278\219.1/171,2 279]219.9|171.8 280|220.6]172.4 2.21|174.2|136.1|| 281|221.4/173.0 2.221174.9|136.7 229/175 .7|137 3 2.241176.5|137.9 2251177 .31138.5 2.26|178 .1|139.1 2271178 .9)129.8 2.28)£79.7|»40.4 229/180, 5|14I.0 230|181.2/14T.6}) 290/228.5]178.5 oe 231}182.0]142.2 232|182,8/142.8 2.331183 .6/143.4 234|/184.4|144.1 235|185.21144.7 236/186 ,0}145 .3 237186. 8|145.9 2.38|187 .5|146.5 239|188 .3|147.1 240|189.1|147.8 a | ee | | = 282/222. 2|173.6 283/223 .0]174.2 DAO DYNNOWN i 284]223.81174.8 } 2851224.61175.5 286|225 .4]176.1 287|226.21176.7 288]226.9]177.3 289|227.71177.9 291|229.3|179.2 292|230.1|179.8 2.93|230.9]180.4 294|231.7|181.0 295]232.5|181.6 296]233.3|182.2 2.97|234.9]182.9 298|234.3]/183.5 299/235 .6|1784.1 300]236.4]184.7 for 52 Degrees. ——— | | | | | | I I —E —_———. a ees —— ——— a es 2 | eee aes a —— | ——_—__ ———_ TABLE II. 59 Difference of Latitude and Departure for 39 Degrees. Lat. | Dep.||Dist Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep. a eS ee es 0 ee | ee eee 241/187. 242|188. 243/188. 244/189 6/153. 245)190.4)154. 240/191 .21754. 2471192, 248/192. 249/193. 250/194.3 —— | ———___ | ——_—---- 251/195. 252/195. 253/196. 254/197. 255/198. 256/198. 257|199- 2.58|200, 259|201 .: 2.60]202. 261|202.8 2.62|203. 263/204, 264|205 .2 2651205. 266|206, 267/207, 268/208 , 2 269/209. 270/209. | ee | | | | | | | || | | | | I ee ee | | | | | ——_ ee ee | a) ee ee | a ed teed | Coe bene Dep.| Lat. ||Dist} Dep.} Lat. |;Dist] Dep.| Lat. ||Dist Dep Lat. | Lat. | Dep.}|Dist .6)| 61 -3i| 62 Ql] 63 all 64 wall 65 BI] 66 .4{| 67 Ol] 68 -71| 69 nay FO Gut. 4% -6]| 72 “21 73 -8i| 74 “4ll 75 ery. 70 “7\| 77 31} 78 “Ol 79 -6}| 80 ON co eee 4 othe Sa Oe ae db Ur MONMO NM COnMN | = CN ¢t OP ASW HORN HO!D~< OO & BDO & HO} WH 89.9 St Ot OW OWNIOW AOW ADH AOD 4 ei 8 6 3 lt 8 6 4 -O 8 5 3 iS) me 5 EF) He, + I5§O|III.5}100.4 I§1|112.2/TOL. 152|113.O]1O1. 1§3|113.7|102. 154|I14.4|103. 155|115.2|103. 156/115 .9]104. 157|116.7|105. I58/117.4/105. 159/118. 2/106, I60|T18.9|107. ee ee 4H Pw HpP~TOB~TO “161|119.6|107.7 162|120.4|/108.4 163]121.1|109.1 164|12I.9}109.7 165|122.6/110.4 166/123.4/111I.1 167/124. 1|111.7 68|124.8/112.4 169|125 .6|113.1 170|126.3|113.8 171]127-1|114.4 172|127 8/115. 173]/128.6]115.8 174/129.3/116.4 175|130.1|117.1 176|130.8]117.8 177|131.5|118.4 178/332.3|/119.1 179}133.0|119.8 180]133.8]120.4 Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.|| Dist} Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. 181|/134.5|121. 182/135.3|121. 183}136.0]122. 184|136.7|123. 185/137 .5|123. 186|138.2/124, 187/139.0]125. 188/139.7|125. 189]140.5|126. IQO|T41.2|/127.1 IQI|I41.9|127.8 192/142.7]128.5 193|143.4|129.1 194|144.2|129.8 195|144.9|139.5 196|145.7|131.1 197|146.4|131.8 198/147 .1|132.5 199/147 .9/133.2 200|148.6/133.8 201|149.4|134.5 202|150.1|135.2 203/150.9]135.8 204|151,6/136.5 205|152.3/137.2 206|153.1|137.8 207/153.8]138.5 208/154.6/139.2 209/155 .3/139.8 210|156.1|/140.5 es Q11j156.8|141.2 212/157.5|141.9 213/158. 3/142.5 214/159.0|143.2 215|159.81143.9 216)160.5|144.5 217/161.3/145.2 218/162.0/145.9 219)162.7|146.5 2.20|163.5|147.2 221|164.2|147.9 222/165 .0|148.5 223/165.7/149.2 224|166.5|149.9 2.25|167.21150.6 226/168 .O|151.2 227/168 .7/151.9 2.28/169.4]152.6 229/170, 2]153.2 _230/170.9|153+9 231|171.7|154.6 232/172.4/15£.2 233)173+2|155-9 2341173 .9/156.6 235}174.0|157.2 236/175 .4]157.9]) 237|170.11158.6 2.38|176.9|159.3 239/177 .6/159.9 2.401178 .4|160.6 —_—_ Dep. 241/179 .1|161 3 242|179.8|161.g 243|180.6|162.6 244/181 .3/163.3 245|182.1|163.9 246|182 8164.6 247|183.6)165.3 248|184 . 3/165 .9 249|185 .0|166.6 250|185 .8|167.3 251|186.5|168.0 252/187. 3/168 .6 253/188 .o|169.3 254|188 .8/170.0 255|189.5|170.6 256|190.2|171.3 257/191 .0]172.0 | 258|I91.7/172.6 259/192. 5/173 .3 260]193.2|174.0 2.61|194.0)174.6 262/194 .7/175 .3 263/195 .4|176.0 264|196.2/176.7 265|196.9/177 .3 266|197.7|178.0 2671198 .4|178.7 268/149 .2/179.3 2.69|199.9|180.0 270/200.6|180.7 ——— 271|201.4|181.3 27 2\202.1|182.0 273}202.9|182.7 274/203 .61183.3 275'204.4|184.0 276/205 .1|184.7 277/205 .9, 185.3 278|206.6.186.0 279/207 «3 280)208.1|187.4 281/208 .8/188.0 282/209 .6)188.7 283/210.3)189.4 284/211 .1)190.0 285/211.8 190.7 286|212.5 191.4 2871213.3'192.0 288}214.0 192.7 289/214.8 193.4 290|215.5 194.0 186.7 —— 291/216.3 194.7 292/217 .0,195.4 293|217.7 196.1 294/218.5 196.7 295|219.2197.4 296|220.0 108.1 297|220.7/198.7 293/221.5/199.4 299/222. 2200.1 300| 222-9 200-7 Dep.| Lat. Dist] Dep. Lat. ||Dist| Dep.| Lat. ||Dist| Dep. "Lat. for 48 Deprees. 00.7 Ol. © con? Sh, See 0 DOH RwIO DD ———— | — oe TABLE U. Difference of Latitude and Departure for 43 Degrees. 181/132 182]133 183/133 184|134.6/125. 185}135 3/126. 4123.4 I 8 5 2 186|136,0|126.9 5 2 9 6 1/124. 8/124. 187|136.8]127. 188/137.5|128. 189|138.2/128, 39.0]129. 71130. 4/130. 21131, .9]T32. 191}139 3 9 6 3 .6/133.0 7 4 fo) 7 4 192|140 193]141 Tg4\144 195/142 196/143. 3133. 197|144.1/134. 198/144.8/135. 199}145.5|135. 200|146. 3/136. 201|147.0|137.1 202|1.47.7|137.8 203/148 .5|138.4 20.4/149.2/139.1 205|149.9|139.8 206/150.7|140.5 207|151.4|141.2 208]1§2.1/141.9 209]152.9/142.5 2TO|153.6/143.2 QII}154. 3/143. 2121155 .0|144. 213/155.8]145. 214|156.5/148- Q15|157.2/146. 2.16}1§8.0|147. 217|158.7/148. 218|159.4|148 219|160.2|149 2.20|160.9/150 221|161. 2.221162. 2.231163. 22A\163. 225|164. 226|165,, AO & WO ORO 229|167. 230)168. OPA OO ei Om pI -_——— | ——q—]| mm] | | —__\—————_ 231/168. 2.32/169.71% 2.33/170.4/158. 234/171.1/159. 235/177 .g|160. 2.36|172.6|161, 2371173 .3|161. 238\174. 1/162 239|174 8/163. 240]175 .5|163 “30m Add AOKRH | 59 Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.|| Dist] Lat. | Dep.||Dist} Lat.| Dep.|/Dist] Lat.} Dep. 2.41|176.31164.4 2.421177 .0 506 243)177 »7)105.7 2.44\178 .§|166.4 245|179.2|167.1 246|179.9|167.8 247|180.6|168.5 248/181 .4|169.1 249|182.1|169.8 250|182.8]170.5 - eee | |S | ———_—| | | c—|) mcm —_— — ) | —_—l) 251/183. 252/184. 253/185. 254/185. 255|186.5|173.9 256|187.2|174.6 257|188 .O|175 .3 258/188 .7|/176.0 259/189 .4|176.6 260|190.2]177.3 3\171.9 O|172.5 8/173.2 261|190.9}178.0 262/191 .6|178.7 263/192.3/179.4 264|193.1|180.0 265|193.8]180.7 266/194.5|181.4 267/195 .3|182.1 268/196 .0]182.8 269|199.7|183.5 270|197.5|184.1 2711198.2|184.8 2.72)198.9|185.5 2731199.7|186.2 274|200.4|186.9 27 §|20I .1|187.5 276}20T .9|188.2 277|202..6/188 .9 278|203 .3|189.6 279}204. 280/204. 281/205. 282)206. 283}207. 284/207. 285/208 286/209. 2871209 283)210. 289|211. 290/212. 291|212. 292/213. 293|214. 294/215 .0]200.5 295|215.7|201.2 296|216,51201.9 297|217.2/202.6 298/217 .9]223.2 2.99|218 .7|203..9 300]219 4204.6 —— — | ———————— | | ——————— | -~———_——— | | ———_ | -- J — — | | ——— | -- - ——— |] ———_|! -————_ 00.71] 61| 44.6] 41.6]| 121] 88.5] 82.5 OL.d]] 62] 45.3].42.3]] 122] 89.2) 83.2 02.0}] 63] 46.1] 43.0]/ 123] 90.0] 83.9 02.7|| 64] 46.8] 43.6]| 124! 90.7] 84.6 03.4|1 65] 47.5] 44.3]] 225] 91 4] 85.2 O4.1|} 66] 48.3] 45.0]| 126] 92.2] 85.9 04.8]) 67] 49.0] 45.7]| ¥27| 92.9] 86.6 05.5]| 68} 49.7| 46.4]| 128] 93.6) 87.3 06.1|} 69] 50.5} 47.1] 129] 94.3} 88.0 _le 06.8 _79| 52-2) 47-7|| 130] 95-1} 88.7 07.5|| 71} 51.9} 48.4]| 131] 95.8] 89.3 08.2} 72) 52.7] 49.1|| 132] 96.5] 90.0 08.9]| 73] 53-4] 49-81] 133] 97.3] 90-7 09.5]| 74] 54.1] 5C.5]| 134] 98.0] 97.4 10.2|| 75] 54.9] 51.1|| 135] 98.7] 92.1 TO.9/| 76) 55.6) 51.8] 136] 99.5] 92.8 11.6} 77] 56.3) 52.5]| 137|100.2] 93.4 12.3|| 78] 57.0] 53-2]| 138/100.9] 94.1 13.0}/ 79] 57.8] 53-9]| 139/101.7] 94.8 13.6]! 80) 58.5] 54.6]} r40]102.4] 95.5 14.3]| 81) 59.2] 55.2|| 141|/103.1| 96.2 I5.0|} 82] 60.0] 55.9]] 142/103.9] 96.8 15.7] 83] 60.7] 56.6)| 143|104.6] 97.5 16.4] 84] 61.4] 57.3]| 144/105.3] 98.2 17.0|| 85] 62.2] 58.0]] 145|106.0] 98.9 17.7|| 86) 62.9] 58.7]| 146|106.8] 99.6 18.4|| 87] 63.6] 59.3]| 147|107.5]100.3 Tg.1|| 88] 64.4] 60.0] 148|108.2]/100.9 19.8|| 89] 65.1} 60.7]] 149]109.0]101.6 20.5]| go} 65.8] 61.4]| 150}109.7|102.3 21.1|} gt) 66.6) 62.1]) 151|110.4]103.0 21.8]| 92) 67.3) 62.7|| 152)111.2/103.7 22.5|| 93] 68.0) 63.4]] 153]111.9]104.3 23.2|| 94] 68.7] 64.1|| 154]112.6]105.0 23.9|| 95] 69.5] 64.8]] 155|113.4/105.7 24.6)| 96] 70.2] 65.5]| 156/114.1|106.4 25.21] . 97| 70.9] 66.2|| 157/114.8]107.1 25.9|| 98) 71.7| 66.8]| 158]115.6|107.8 20.6|| 99) 72.4] 67.5]| 1§9|116.3]108.4 27 «3|| 100] 73.1| 68.2/| 160/t17.0]109.1 28.0|| IOI! 73.9] 68.9]) 161/117.7/109.8 28.6|| 102) 74.6] 69.6]} 162]118.5|110.5 29.3|| 103] 75.3] 70.2)| 163/119. 2!111.2 30.0|| 104} 76.1] 70.9]; 164|119.9|111.8 30.7|| 105] 76.8] 71.6|| 165|120.7|112.5 31.4}| 106] 77.5] 72.3]| 166)121.41113.2 32.1|| 107] 78.3] 73.0]| 167|122.1]113.9 32.7|| 198) 79.0] 73.7|} 163)122.9]114.6 33.4|! 109] 79.7] 74.3]] 169]123.6]115.3 34-1|} 110} 80.4} 75.0! 170]124.3]/115§.9 | 34.8]| III] 81.2] 75.7 171|125.1\£16.6 35.5|| 112] 81.9] 76.4]| 172/125 .8]117.3 36.1|| 113) 82.6] 77.1|] 173/726.5|118.0 36.8]] 114) 83.4) 77.7]| 174/127.3]118.7 37.5|| 115] 84.1] 78 175]128.0|119.3 38.2] 116] 84.8} 79.1]] 176|128.7|/120.9 38.9]| 117] 85.6] 79.8] 177|129.4|120.7 39.6)| 118] 86.3] 80.5]| 178]130.2|121.4 40,2|| TI9{ 87.0) 81.2]| 179]130.9]122.1 40.9]| 120] 87.8) 81.8]| 180/131 .6/122.8 Lat. ||Dist] Dep.| Lat. Dist| Dep. H 2 for 47 Degrees. 1] 00.7] 00.7|| 61] 43.9] 42.4]] 121] 87.0} 84.1 q| O1.4] ar.4l] 62) 44.6] 43.1]] 122] 87.8] 84.7 3) 02.2] 02.1|/ 63! 45.3] 43.8]] 123] 88.5] 85.4 4] 02.9] 02.8]/ 64] 46.0] 44.5]| 124] 89.2] 86.1 5} 03.6] 03.5|] 65] 46.8! 45.2]| 125] 89.9] 86.8 6] 04.3] 04.2|| 66] 47.5] 45.8]] 126] 90.6] 87.5 4) 05.0] 04.9]| 67] 48.2] 46.5]/ 127] 91.4] 88.2 8] 05.8] 05.6]/ 68] 48.9] 47.2!/ 128) 92.1] 88.9 g} 06.5] 06.3/) 69] 49.6] 47.9]| 129] 92.8] 89.6 IO] 07.2] 06.9]] 7o} 50.4] 48.6]| 130) 93-5] 90.3 II] 07.9] 07.6]} 71] 51.3] 49.3]| 131] 94.2] 91.0 12| 08.6} 08.3]] 72) 51.8] 50.0]] 132! 95.0] 91.7 13) 09.4) 09 O}} 73) 52-5) 5°-7]| 133] 95-7] 92-4 14] 10.1] 09.7|| 74] 53.2] 51.41] 134] 96.4] 93.1 15] 10.8] 1O.4]| 75] 54.0] §2.1|] 135] 97.1] 93.8 16] 11.5] 11.1|} 76] 54.7] 52.8]] 136] 97.8) 94.5 17] 12.2| T1.8]| 77) 35.4) 53.5]| 137| 98.5] 95.2 18] 12,9] 12.5|]| 78] 56.1] 54.2]| 138! 99.3] 95.9 19] 13.7] 13.2|| 79] 56.8] 54.9]| 139|T00.0] 96.6 40} 44.4] 13-9) 80}: 57-5] _55 +01] 140/f00°7| 07.3)| 200/143.0)1 3850] aie ane aI] 15.1} 14.6] 81} 58.3] 56.3]] 141/101.4] 97.9 22) 15.8] 15.31] 82! 59.0] 57.0]] 142)102.1] 98.6 23) 16.5) 16.0]! 83] 59.7] 57-7]] 143|102.9] 99.3 24| 17.3| 16.7|| 84! 60.4] 58.4]| 144|103.6|100.0 25] 18.0] 17.4]| 8s! 61.1] 59.0]] 145/104. 3|100.7 26, 18.7] 18.1|) 86 61.9} 59.7]| 146|105.o]T01.4 27) 19.4] 18.8]| 87) 62.6) 60.4]| 147/105.7|102.1 28] 20,1] 19.5]| 88] 63.3] 61.1]| 148]106,5|102.8 29] 20.9] 20.1|| 8g] 64.0) 61.8] 149]107,2/103.5 30] 21.6] 20.8!) go} 64.7] 62.5]! 1§0/107.9]104.2 3I| 22.3] 21.5!| gt] 65.5) 63.2/| 151/108.6]104.9 32] 23.0] 22.21] ga} 66.2) 63.9]| 152/109. 3/105 .6 33) 23-7] 22.9]| 93] 66.9] 64.6]| 153/110.1|106.3 34) 24.5] 23.6] 94} 67.6) 65.3]] 154/110.8]107.0 35| 25-2] 24.3]] 95] 63.3) 66.0]! 155|117.5|107.7 36| 25.9} 25.0l] 96} 69.1] 66.7|| 156|112.2/108.4 37| 26.6) 25.7]! g7| 69.8] 67.4]] 157/112.9]109.1 38] 27.3) 26.4]| 98] 70.5] 68.1]] 158]/113.7|109.8 39] 28.1) 27.1] 99] 71.2) 68.8]| 159]114.4]110.5 40| 28.8] 27.38]| too] 71.9] 69.5]| T60]115.1/111.1 4T| 29.5] 28.5]) ror] 72.7| 70.2]! 161|115.8]111.8 42] 30.2] 29.21) 102] 73.4] 70.9]| 162/116.5]112.5 43] 30.9] 29.9]| 103] 74.1] 71.5]| 163|117.3/113.2 44] 31.7] 30.6]| 104] 74.8] 72.2]! 164/118.0/113.9 45] 32.4] 31.3]] 105] 75.5] 72.9]| 165/118.7|114.6 46] 33.1] 32.0] 106] 76.3] 73.6|| 166)119.4|115 .3 47| 33.8] 32.6]! 107] 77.0] 74.3]t 167|120.1|116.0 48] 34.5] 33-3]| 108] 77.7] 75.0]|| 168!120.8]116.7 49] 35.2! 34.0|| 109] 73.4] 75.7|| 169]121.6/117.4 __ 50} 36-0) 34-71) 110] 79.1] 76.4|| 170|122.3|118.1 51] 36.7] 35.4]] 111] 79.8] 77.1|| 171)123.0|118.8 52) 37.4] 36.1]| 112] 80.6) 77.8]| 1721323.7|119.5 §3| 38.1] 36.8]| 113] 81.3] 78.5|| 173]124.4]120.2 54] 38.8] 37.5)| 114] 82.0] 79.2|| 174]125.2]120.9 §5| 39.6) 38.2]] 115] 82.7] 79.9]| 175/125.9|121.6 §6| 40.3] 38.9]] 116] 83.4] 80.6) 176/126.6|122.3 57| 42.0] 39.6] 117] 84.2] 81.3]) 177/127.3/123.0 58] 41.7] 40.3]] 118} 84.9] 82.0]] 178]128,0|723.6 59] 42.4] 41.0]! 119} 85.6) 82.7]1 179]128.8]124.3 60] 43.2] 41.7]| 120] 86.3] 83.4] 180]129.5]125.0 Dist] Dep.; Lat. }!Dist je Lh Lat. | Dep.||Dist TABLE JI. 2 es es | a: en, |e ee es 181/130. 182/130. 183/131. 184|132. 185|133. 186/133. 187/134. 188]135. 189|136. 2|125.7 g}126.4 6|127 1 4]127.8 1]128.5 8/129.2 5|129.9 2|130.6 O}131.3 190|136.7|132.0 191|137.4|132.7 192/138.11133. 193|138.8 |134 - 194]139-6|134- 195|140.3|13°. 196|141.0]136, 197|141.7!136, 198|142. 199|143. 200|143. 201|144. 202/145. 203|146. 204|146, 205|147. 206|148, 207/148, 208/149. 209|150.3]145. QIO|I51. 1/145 2I1}151.8|146.6 OO Nt CONN Cm fb Oo NnNm OHH ~TOW DH 212/152.5|147 -3 213|153.2|148.0 214]153.9|148.7 215|154.7|149.4 216]155.4|150.0 217|156.1|150.7 218]156.8]151.4 219}/157.5/152.1 220/158. 3]152.8 M21|159.0]153.5 922)159.7|154. 223|160.4|154. 224/161 .1|155. Ck BO HOD bo QO PR ROR .9|166,0 .6}166.7 Difference of Latitude and Departure for 44 Degrees. 9411173 .4|167.4 242|174.1/168,1 2.431174.8]168 .8 244|175 .5|169. 5 245|176.2|170,2 240|177.0}170.9 247/177. 7|171.6 248|178.4|172.3 249|179.1|173.0 250/179 -8/173.7 251|180. 6]174.4 252)181.3/175.1 25, 3{182.0|175.7 254|182.7|176.4 255|183.4|/177.1 256|184.21177.8 257|184.9|178.5 Beh re 259/160, 3/179. aBol tay olnkoLG 261}187.7|181.3 262\188.§|182.0 2631189 .2|182.7 264|189 .9]183.4 265}190,6]184.1 266}191.3|184.8 267}192,1|185.5 268]192.8]186.2 269}193.5|186.9 Brig 271/194.9|188.3 272|195 .7|188 «9 2731196, 4|189.6 274/197 .1/190.3 275|197 8191.0 276/198 .5|I91.7 277{199 .3/192.4 2.78}200 ,0|193.1 279/200 ,7|193.8. 280/201 ..4|194.5 281|202.1]195.2 282]202.9]195.9 28 3|203 .6/196,6 284|204.3]197.3 291/209. 292/210. 293|210. 294|211. 295|212. 296)212. 297|213. 298]214, 299|215*.11207.7 300]215 .8}208.4 for 46 Degrees. Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist} Lat. | Dep. | a, ee) ee ————— | ——— | |— | | | | | | | I | rr TABLE Difference of Latitude and Departure for 45 Degrees. 4 Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist{ Lat. | Dep.|/Dist| Lat. | Dep.||Dist] Lat. | Dep. I] 00.7} 00.7|| 61] 43-1] 43.1|| 121] 85.6] 85.6]| 181/128.0)128.0]| 241|170.4|170.4 2) 01.4} Of.4]| 62) 43.8] 43.8]} 122} 86.3) 86.3] 182/128.7/128.7]] 242/071.1|171.1 3| 02.1] 02.1|| 63] 44.5] 44.5]| 123] 87.0] 87.0]| 183]129.4/129.4]| 243]/171.8|171.8 4| 02.8] 02.8]) 64] 45.3] 45.3]| 124] 87.7] 87.7]| 184]130.1|130.1]| 244)172.51172.5 5| 03.5] 03.5] 65] 46.0] 46.0]] 125] 88.4] 88.4]] 185/130.8]130.8]| 245|173.2|173.2 6} 04.2} 04.2]! 66] 46.7] 46.7]| 126] 89.1] 89.1]| 186|131.5]131.5]] 246/173.9|173.9 7| 04.9] 04.9]| 67| 47.4] 47.4}| 127] 89.8] 89.8] 187|132.2 130.0 247\174.7|174.7 8] 05.7} 05.7]] 68] 48.1] 48.1]| 128] 90.5] 90.5]| 188]132.9|132 9]) 248]175.41175.4 g| 06.4) 06.4] 69) 48.8} 48.8!) 129] g1.2] 9r.2/| 189]133.6/133.6]| 249]176.1|176.1 __ 10} 07-1] 07.1] 70} 49-5) 49-5|| 130] 91-9] 91-9||_190|134-4]134-4 250|176.8|176.8 11} 07.8] 07.8]| 71] 50.2] 50.21] 137] 92.6] 92.6]| 191|135.1,135.1|] 251/177 -5]177-5 12] 08.5] 08.5]/ 72] 50.9] 50.9]| 132] 93.3] 93-3]| 192/135 .8]135.8]| 252/178.2/178.2 13| 09.2] 09.2|| 73] 51-6) 51.6|| 133] 94.0] 94.0]| 193]136.5|130.5]] 253|178.9/178.9 14] 09.9] 09.9|| 74] 52-3] 52-3]| 134] 94.8] 94.8]| 194|137.2/137.2]| 254]179.6/179.6 15| 10.6] 10.6]| 75] 53-0] 53.0]] 135] 95.5] 95-5|| 195|137-9|137-9]] 255/180. 3|180.3 16] 11.3] 11.3|| 76) 53-7] 53-7]| 136| 96.2] 96.21) 196/138.6/138.6]| 256)181.0/181.0 17| 12.0} 12.0]] 77] 54.4] 54.4|| 137] 96.9] 96.9]] 197/139.3|139-3]| 257/182.7/181.7 18] 12.7] 12.7|| 78] 55.2] 55.2|| 138] 97.6) 97.6]| 198/140.0]140.0]] 258/182. 4/182.4 Ig] 13.4} 13.4}) 79] 55-9} 55.9]| 139] 98.3] 98.3]| 199/140.7|140.7]| 259/183.1/183.1 20| 14.1} 14.1|| 80} 56.6) 56.6]| 140} 99.0} 99.0] 200]/141.4]141-4]| 260)183.8]/183.8 a1} 14.8] 14.8|| 81] 57-3] 57-3|| 141] 99-7] 99.7]| 201|142.1|142.1]] 261/184.6/184.6 22| 15.6] 15.6]| 82] 58.0] 58.0]! 142]100.4]100.4|} 202/142.8]142.8]] 262/185 .3/185.3 23} 16.3] 16.3]) 83) 58.7] 58.7|] 143]10L.1/101.1|} 203/143.5|143.5|| 263]/186.0|/186.0 24) 17.0] 17.c|| 84] 59.4] 59.4|| 144/101.8]101.8]} 204|/144.2|144.2|| 264]186.7/186.7 25| 17.7) 17.7}| 85] 60.1} 60.1] 145]102.5]102.5|} 205]145.0|145.0]| 265|187.4)187.4 26| 18.4] 18.4]| 86) 60.8] 60.8]| 146]103.2/103.2]| 206/145.7/145.7|| 266)188.1/188.1 a7| 19.1] 1g.1|| 87] 61.5} 61.5]| 147|103.9]103.9]| 207|146.4|146.4]| 267/188 .3/188.8 28] 19.8} 19.8|| 88! 62.2] 62.4]! 148]104.7/104.7]| 208/147.11147.1|| 268|189.5/189. 5 29] 20.5] 20.5]| 89] 62.9] 62.9]| 149]105.4/105.4|| 209|147.8|147.8]| 269|190.2|190.2 30] 21.2) 21.2)) 90 63.6} 63.6]| 150|106.1)106.1]| 210|148.5|148.5]| 270|190.9)190.9 -31| 21.9} 21.9]| 91} 64.3) 64.3]| 1§1/106.8]106.8]| 211|149.2|149.2|| 271|191.6/191.6 32| 22.6] 22.6]] 92} 65.1] 65.1]) 1§2]107.5|107.5|| 212/149.a]149.9]] 272/192.3]192.3 33] 23.3} 23-3]| 93} 65.8] 65.8]) 153]108.2/108.2]) 213/150.6]150.6]| 273/%93.0|193.0 34] 24.0) 24.0] 94] 66.5) 66.5]! 154/108.9]108.9|| 214|151.31157.3|] 274/193-7|193-7 35| 24.7] 24.7|| 95] 67.2] 67.2]] 155|109.6]109.6]| 215|752.0|152.0]] 275/194.5/194.5 36] 25.5] 25-5|| 96) 67.9] 67.9]| 156]/110.3/110.3]] 216|152.7|152.7|| 276/195 .2/195.2 37| 26.2) 26.2]! 97] 68.6) 68.6]) 157|111.0]111.0]| 217/153.4/153.4]| 277/195 -9|195-9 38] 26.9] 26.9]} 98] 69.3} 69.3]] 158]111.7|111.7|| 218]/154.1|154.1]| 278]196.6/196.6 39| 27.6) 27.6]| 99] 70.0] 70.0]] I59/112.4)112.4]| 219]154.9|154.9]] 279/197 .3|197.3 _40 28.3) 28.3]| Too} 70-7] 70.7!) 160|113.1/113.1|| 220]155.6|155.6]| 280/198.0/198.0 AI| 29.0} 29.0]] Iol] 71.4 ~4]| 161/713.8]113.8]| 221/156.3/156.3]| 281/198.7|198.7- 42| 29.7| 29.7|| 102] 72.1] 72.1/| 162/114.6/114.6|| 222]157.0]157.0]| 282/199.4/199.4 43| 30.4] 30.4]| 103] 72.8) 72.8]| 163/115 .3|115.3]| 223/157.7/157.7|| 283/200.1;200,1 | | 44} 31.1] 31.1|| 104] 73.5] 73.5)| 164]116.0|116.0]| 224]158.4/158.4]] 284|200.8/200.8 | | 45| 31.8] 31.8]! 105] 74.2] 74.2|| 165\116,7|116.7|| 225|159.1/159.1|| 285/201.5/201.5 | | 46| 32.5] 32.5]| 106] 75.0] 75.0] 166]117.4|117.4]] 226]159.8]159.8]| 286|202.2/202.2 47| 33-2] 33.2|| 107] 75.7] 75.7|| 167|118.1/118.1]| 227|160,5/160.5]| 287|202.9/202.9 48] 33-9] 33-9|| 108] 76.4] 76.4|| 168]118.8]118.8]| 228|161,2/161.2]| 288/203 6/203 ..6 49] 34.6] 34.6]| 109] 77.1| 77.1]! 169|119.5|119.5|| 229|161.9|161.9]| 289/204.4/204.4 __50}_35+4]_35-4|| 110) 77 8} 77.8|| 170]T20.2]120.2|| 2301162.6|162.6)| 290)205.1/205.1 $1} 36.1) 36.1]! 151) 78.5) 78.5]| 171|120.9|120.9]| 231|163.3]163.3|| 291/205.8/205 .8 §2| 36.8] 36.8)| z12] 79.2] 79.2]] 172|/121.6|121.6|| 232|164.0|164.0]| 292/206.5/206.5 53] 37-5] 37-5)| 113] 79-9] 79.9]| 173|122.3|122.3]] 233|164.8/164.8]| 293/207 .2/207.2 54| 38.2] 38.21] 114] 80.6] 80.6]! 174|123.0|123.0}| 234|165.5|165.5]| 294/207.9/207.9 55] 38.9] 38.9|] 115] 81.3) 82.3]] 175|123.7|123.7|| 235|166.2/166.2]| 295/208.6) 208.6 56) 39.6] 39.6|| 116) 82.0] 82.0) 176]124.5|124.5]| 236|166.9|166.9]| 296/209. 3/20y.3 57| 40.3) 40.3]| 117] 82.7] 82.7] 177|125.2|125.2|| 237|167.6|167.6]| 297/210.0|210.0 §8] 41.0] 41.0] 118] 83.4] 83.4|| 178]125.9|125.9|| 238|168.3|168.3]| 298)210.7|210.7 59] 41.7| 41.7|] 119} 84.1] 84.1|| 179|126.6|126.6)| 239|169.0/169.0]) 299/211.4/211.4 60} 42.4] 42.4]| 120] 84.9} 84.9] 180]127.3/127.3]| 240|169.7]169.7]| 300/212.1/212.1 —_- | ———_—_— | ———————_] | ———_ | -————————_- | | J — | ———_ —— | | | | | ee Dist} Dep.| Lat. ||Dist| Dep.| Lat. ||Dist] Dep.) Lat. ||Dist] Dep.| Lat. ||Dist] Dep.| Lat. for 45 Degrees. 62 TABLE III: MERIDIONAL PARTS. 211] 271} 332] 392] 452 M | 0° 3° | 4° | 5° | 6° | '7° | 8° | 9° | 10F 119] 12°) 138°| 14°| 15?) uw of o 180} 240] 300} 361] 421] 482] 542] 603] 664) 725] 787] 848] gio] oO Lett 181} 241] 301] 362) 422] 483] 543] 604] 665] 726) 788) 850] grr] 1 21e% 182] 242] 302! 363] 423) 484] 544] 605] 666} 727) 789] 851] 913] 2 3| 3 183} 243] 303] 364] 424] 485] 545] 606) 667] 728] 790) 852] 914) 3 AS 184} 244] 304] 365] 425] 486] 546] 607; 668! 729) 791] 853] 915] 4 sss 185} 245] 305} 366} 426] 487] 547| 608] 669] 730] 792) 854] 916) 5 6| 6 186] 246} 306} 367) 427} 483] 548] 609] 670] 731] 793] 855] 917] 6 11a 187] 247] 307| 368) 428) 489] 549] 610) 671) 732) 794] 856} 913) 7 8] 8 188} 248] 308] 369} 429] 490] 550] 611] 672] 734] 795] 857) 919] 38 9:4 1 9°}_269) 129) °189)_ 249: 309] 370}, 420} 491) 551) O12] 675) 73512700 esac eee Io | 10 IgO} 250] 310] 371] 431] 492) 552] 613] 674] 736] 797| 859] 921] 10 II | II 191] 251] 311! 372] 4321 493} 553| 614] 675] 737] 798] 860] 922] 11 12 | 12 192] 252] 312] 373] 433] 494] 554] 615] 676) 738) 799) 861] 923| 12 13 | 13 193] 253] 313] 374; 434] 495] 555] 616) 677] 739] 800) 862) 924) 13 14 | 14 194] 254] 314) 375] 435) 496] 556] 617) 678) 740} 801) 863! 925) 74 15 | 15 195} 255] 315} 376) 436) 497| 557| 18) 679} 741] 802] 864} 926) 15 16 | 16 196] 256] 316) 377] 437] 498] 558] O19) 680] 742] 803] 865] 927) 16 APT) 197| 257] 317] 378] 433] 499] 559] 620] 681! 743] So4] 866) 928) 17 18 | 18 198] 258] 318] 379] 439} 500] 560] 621] 682] 744] 805] 867] 929} 18 Ig | 19 199} 259] 319} 380] 440} 502] 561] 622] 683] 745] 806} 868] 930} Ig 20 | 20 200] 260} 320} 381] 441} 502] 562] 623] 684] 746] 807] 869! 931; 20 QI | 21 201) 261] 321} 382] 442} 503) 564] 624] 685) 747] 808] 870) 932] 21 Bor 22, 202! 262] 322) 383] 443] 504] 565] 625} 687] 748! 809] 871) 933] 22 az | 23 203| 263] 323] 384] 444] 505| 566] 626; 688] 749] 810] 872] 934] 23 24 | 24 204] 264) 324] 385] 445] 506] 567) 627) 689) 750} 811| 873] 935] 24 25 | 25 205} 265) 325} 380] 446] s07| 568} 626) 690] 751) 812) 874) 936! 25 26 | 26 206} 266] 326] 387] 447| 508] 569] 629] 691] 752} 813] 875] 937] 26 ey eee | 207| 267) 327] 388] 448) 509] 570} 631] 692] 753| 815] 876) 938) 27 23 | 28 208] 268} 328] 389] 449] 51c} 571] 632] 693] 754] 816} 877) 939] 28 29 |_29 |_ 89] 149)_209| 269] 330) 390] 450) St1}_ 572} 33) O94] 755) 817] 678) 941) 29 30 | 30 210] 270} 331] 391] 451] 512] 573] 634] G95] 756] 818] 879) 942) 30 eS ee eee =| | | | | | | EL | oe | ee | 9° | 10° 11°] 12 13°] 14°] 159 32 | 32 212) 2721 333] 393] 453] 514] 575} 63] 697| 758) 820) 882) 944) 32 33 | 33 213) 2731 334] 394] 454] 515] 576! 637] 698} 759] 821) 883) 945] 33 34 | 34 214} 274] 335] 395) 455! 516] 577| 638) 699] 760) 822) 884) 946) 34 35 | 35 215] 275} 336] 396) 456) 517] 578] 639] 700) 761] 823) 885} 947) 35 36 | 36 216) 276) 337] 397] 457} 518] 579) 640] 7or| 762] 824] 886) 9438] 36 37 | 37 217| 277) 338) 398] 458] 519] 580] 641] 702) 763) 825] 887) 949) 37 38 | 33 218| 278) 339! 399! 459 sa] $8 642) 703} 764] 826) 888] 950} 3 39 | 39 219} 279} 340| 400) 460] 521} §$2} 643] 704] 765) 827) 889) 951) 39 40 | 40 220} 280] 342] 4or} 461] 522} 583] 644] 705] 766} 828) 890) 952) 4o 4I | 41 221| 281] 342} 402] 462! 523! 584] 645] 706] 767) 829] 891) 953] 41 42 | 42 222| 2821 343] 403} 463} 524] 585] 646] 707l 768] 830] 3921 954] 42 43 | 43 223) 2831 344] 404] 464] 525] 586) 647) 708] 769} 831) 893] 955] 43 44 | 44 224 284] 345] 405) 465] 526) 587] 648) 709] 770} 832) 894} 956] 44 45 | 45 225] 285] 346} god} 466; 527] 588) 449) 7x0] 771) 833] 895] 957) 45 46 | 46 226) 286} 347} 407] 467) 528} 589] 650) 711] 772) 834) 896) 958) 46 47 | 47 27) 287] 348] 408} 468) 529] 590] 651) 712] 7731 835] 897] 959] 47 48 | 48 228] 288] 349] 409] 469] 530] 591| 652] 713] 774] 836) 898} 960} 48 _49 | 49 229) 289] 350} 410] 470) §31| 592] 653] 714| 775] 837) 899] 961) 49 50 | 50 230| 290] 351] 411] 471) 532] 593] 654] 715] 777| 838] 900] 962} 50 5H St 231| 291} 352) 412) 4721 533] 544] 655] 716] 778! 839) gor) 963) 51 52 | §2 232) 292! 3523] 413] 473] 534] 595| 656] 717| 779] 840) 902] 964) 52 53 | 53 233| 293] 354] 414] 474] 535] 596] 657) 718) 780] 841] 903] 9651 53 54 | 54 234| 294] 355] 415] 476] 536) 597] 658) 719] 781] 842) go4} 966) 5 55 | 55 235| 295) 356) 416) 477| 537| 598) 659) 720] 782} 843] 905} 968) 55 56 | 56 236} 296) 357| 417| 478] 533] 599| 660) 721) 783] 844} 906} 969] 56 57 | 57 237) 2971 358] 418] 479) 539} 600) 661) 722] 784) 845] 907) 970 5 58 | 53 238] 298] 359] 419] 480] 540] 601; 662} 723] 784] 846) 908] 971] 5 TABLE Uf. MERIDIONAL PARTS. oO Om AN HH YP HO TI71] 1235 1172| 1236 1173) 1237 1174| 1238 1175} 123!) 1176] 1240 1177| 124% 1178] 1242 1179} 1243 1181] 1244 1182) 1245 1183] 1246) 3 1184] 1248 1185] 1249 1186] 1250 1187| 1251 1188} 1252 1189] 1253 I1go} 1254 I1gt} 1255 1192] 1256 1193} 1257 T194| 1258 1195), 1259 1196} 1260 1198] 1261 IIgg}| 1262 1200| 1264 T201| 1265 1202] 1266 1203] 1267 1204] 1268 1205] 1269 1206] 1270 1207| 1271 1208] 1272 1209} 1273 I2I0| 1274 T21I] 1275 1212] 1276 | O Log eileen il on Ben Eilon CONTI Air BW Wb 1215] 1278 1216) 1280 1217| 1281 1218] 1282 1219] 1283 1220] 1284 1221| 1285 1222] 1286 1223) 1287 1224! 1288 17° | 18°} 19° | 20° | 21° | 22° 64 TABLE Itt. MERIDIONAL PARTS. 31° | 32°) 33°) 34°] = ~~ WP YH faa Coa Ga Ga Go Go © COM Qtr deo Oo MO hb) W Ww bh ta Go Ga ) ) DM Oo cnt Owe OHO YW bw fad God Go Go Ge Ga Go de Gs e mi tay bya Ga & Me_98 » DD DD WD hb 2S Ge fo fs fe Le) , ~~ WP WwW Ww 4 rd A] Oreo p pp +b Ay w~ bw WW a | toa two Go Yo 6 WwW Wh Ww in) Oo Ww BF WwW bd tye Coe Ce Core Lee Oe te ne a nb oO Carn Cae [tre Ot te La bo Cs Go Ga Cn Go Os Or Os Os n 2 2 2 a = 2 2 a 2 ef _ 2 2 = 2 2 2 a oe % ) Ca ta Go So & ie ” fet ed bet bh) WwW tao (0a Ga Go Go Ga Ga Ga Go Ga fy bo ret ” > i] t) try tar tar an tr t bet » WW PD wD hw hk tare Cae Cre bre Cae Gre Gre Ore Ore & ty bo () bet ww WwW PW st 7) ES BY BP i wb Pe ie i | OO™) Cntr Go YH YPN WY Ww YP bP PY we Whew hw WD Ww Ww tn oo »Y WW NY YP WW 2 bd Bb? © RO™F CHUN Go bo One bet SO we »Y wR » Go ed Go ) & SS i) » WwW bet tay Cae bre tae ft Ore Ort Ot Bare Ot WwW he hh bd a oa Go a td Go Om! tn Go wo 69 Ga Go Go GO Go Go ) » WW WY io bo on cae Le 209 on 2169 2098} 2170 32? 33° fim hin shaw bet PPP YN DY WY WY DP WH » Yh Ww NY ww faa oa Ga Ga Ga Ga eee f % oO Ws) or ° =— ~— - —— |_2848) 2931 2849| 2932 2851| 2933 2852] 2935 2854] 2936 2855] 2937 2856) 2939 2858} 2940 | 2859] 2942 " 2860! 2943 ! 2862) 2944 || 42° TABLE IIL MERIDIONAL PARTS. te an ie 6B 1106 de ba bet oT] seen ey entre ee" nce 9 Ga Go Go GS GS GO Go GS Go Oye Gare tae Gre Ore Ore Oe Oe Ot San ta mt ee 25> Ga Yo Go Ga Gd GS Ga Go Ga Go 6p) Gd Gd GO GO YO Cod Gd Go Uo tae Gare Gre Ore Ore Oat Ort 909) OG Gb Od GG Oo” aks > nw» wD hd 2 w ho bo b> bh OO An Go oC 6 Go Go Go Go © td Coa Gd God Goo G) Gd Ga Go Ga clam tm die fo foo 10d Go Ga Go bod . Bo mt © OOrmd [640 die bd be =) to G9 Gd Gb Ga Gb GO wy be Ce tre Cre GH Ors Gre Ce Cre Ore Ore 168 Ort Le Ot stron P 9 Oo Gd Gd Gs Go TKo Go Go Ga Go Go Go Go Go Go DP hy bb tre Gre Crt Ort Or Or On Wm de Go me O 9 OS Go God Ga Gd Go Go Go Go » 109 Gd Go GS Go Go Go Go Go Go © 43° 44° - Oe e- = , 2673 -_—=- sY¥ iS /j- 2 242 - wo = 3085 2 17s Cd et OBB! LS 9 GS Gb Ga Ge A 6) GS 43 GS GO G8 GG GY ~~] =~) =) SI Sd I Sd m4 mt OF OC oo ¢ Oa % BL 8 bet a.) ow fet Lam me — | bed bent D> hm a) ow me be G9 Ge Go 1 o mam RS OO OO 06 WH Ot O On Ow de Gd WD a | foo Ca 9 9 Gd Gb Ge Gi OE 0 Wo o 96) 9 Od Or) Gh 8 Gd Od Oe Tm | 55°| 56° 3968 3979 3971 3973 3975 3977 3978 3980 3982 3984 3985 3987 3989 3991 3992 3994 3996 3498 3999 4001 4003 4005 4006 4008 4010 4012 4014 4015 4017 4019 Sicoes orerers | a | ee ee eee 4221 402% 4024 4026 4028 4029 4031 4033 4035 4037 4090 armed 4074 4076 4077 4979 4081 4083 4085 4086 4088 4183] 4294 4184] 4296 4186} 4298 4188] 4300 4190] 4302 4192] 4304 4194] 4306 4195} 4308 4197) 4309 BAQD) AS tT 4201] 4313 4203} 4315 4205} 4317 4092 4094 4095 4097 4099 4101 4103 4104 4106 4108 4IIO 4112 4113 4115 4117 4IIg 4121 4122 4124 412 4210] 432 4212) 4325 4214} 4327 4216] 4328 4220] 4332 4221} 4334 4223] 4336 4225] 4338 42271 4340 4229] 4342 4231) 4344 4232) 4346 4234] 4347 4236] 4349 4128 4130 4132 4133 4135 4137 4139 4141 4142 A144 4238) 4351 4240] 4353 4242] 4355 4244) 4357 4246) 4359 4247| 4361 4249) 4363 4251} 4365 4253) 4367 4255} 4369 4427 4418} 4330) 4 TABLE iI. MERIDIONAL PARTS. 58° 59° 4409 4411 4413 4415) 4417 4419 4421 4423 4425 4448 4450 4452 4454 4456 4458 4460 4462 4464 4466 4468 4470 4472 4474 4476 4478 4480 4482 4484 4486 4545 4568} « >) GU | 61°} 62° 4775 4777 4779 4781 4784 4786 4788 4799 472 4794 4796 4798 4801 4803 4805} 4807) 4809 4811 4814 4816 4818 4820 ah 48.24 4826 4829 4831 4833 4835 4837 4649 4651 4053 4655 4057 4660 4662 4664 4666 4668 4527 4529 4531 4533 4535 4537 4539 4541 4543 4547 4549 4551 4553 4555 4557 4559 4562 4564 4566 457° 4572 4574 4576 4578 4580 4582. 4584 4586 4588 459° 4592 4594 4596 4598 4600 4602 4604 4606 4839 4842 4844 4846 4848 4850 4852 4855 4857 4859 63° 4995 49°97 4909 4912 4914 4916 4918 4920 4923 495) _50" 4927 4929 4931 4934 4936 4938 4940 4943 4945 4947| ° 4949 4951 4954 4956 4958 4960 4963 4965 4967 4969 4974 4976 4978 4981 4983 4985 4987 4990 4992 64° —__ |-—-——._ | —_——_- | ————————_ -———_— —_——— 4972) 5 —~ |__| ——|-——_—— | | | | | | 4038 4040 4042 4044 4045 4047 4049 4051 4052 4054 4056 4058 4060 4061 4063 4065 4067 4069 4070 4072 55S 4146 4148 4150 4152 4153 4155 4157 415 pep? 4162 4164 4166 4168 4170 4172 4173 4175 4177 4179 4181 4257| 4370 4259] 4372 4260) 4374 4262) 4376 4264) 4378 4266] 4380 4268] 4382 4270] 4384 4272) 4386 4274] 4388 4275) 4390 4277| 4392 4279] 4394 4281] 4396 4283} 4398 4285] 4399 4287] 4401 4289] 4493 4291) 4495 4292] 447 56° | 67°] 58°] 59°; 60° | 61° 4488 4490 4492 4494 4495 4497 4499 4501 4593 4595 4507 4509 451I 4513 4515 4517 4519 4521 4523 4525 ed ee ee eee 4608 4610 4612 4614 4616 4618 4620 4623 4625 4627 462 4657 4633 4635 4637 4639 4641 4643 4645 4647 4861 4863 4865 4868 4870 4872 4874 4994 4996 4999 §001 5003 5005 5008 5010 5012 51] 5014 5017 5019 5021 5023 5026 5028 §930 5033 5035 5°37 TABLE Ill. MERIDIONAL PARTS. 6970 6974 6978 6982 6760] 6986 6990 6994 6997 7001 700$)_7247|_ 7507 7909 7913 7917 7021 7025 7029 7033 7037 7041 7210 9214 7218 92.22 7227 7231 7235 7239 7243 7252 7256 72.60 7264 7268 7273 7277 7281 7285 7341 7345 7349 7353 8] 7358 7362) 7 7366 7371 7375 7379 7384 7388 7392 7397 7401 7406 7410 7414 7419 7423 7497 4 $2 7436 7441 7445 7449 7454 7458 7493 7467 7472 7476 7481 7485 749° 7494 7498 7503 +(e! 7516 7521 7525 753° 7535 7539 7544 7548 ‘ABLE V.ITABLE VI. Dip of the {| Sun’s Paral- Horizon. § lax in Alt. 68 TABLE IV. ME4N REFRACTION. »p. A p. App. ei ‘ 1 ‘Ale Refr. Alt. } | Retr ne Refr. = Dip. . = £ One ty) aeaois ty ¥ rouilo «#14 aio 7a | | eRe OO O48 Ok 3.0 5 15||20 0} 2 35/134 of x agFeet) © 8 | re O 5/32 Ioll 5 5 5 10]20 10) 2 34|/34 30] I 23h 7 | 58 o| 9 O 10/31 22|| § 10 5 5}/20 20) 2 321135 1.alh'q [4 oF fee 9 15{30 35|| 5 15 § Olf20 30) 2 31|/35 301 t 20 317 gol ao | & Q 20]29 50]] 5 20 4 §6]/20 40} 2 29]/36 I 18 4/156] 30] 8 O 25/29 6] 5 25 4 51||20 50] 2 281/30 TI 5|2 91 4o| 7 O 30/28 23/1 5 30 4 47)|21 0} 2 271/37 I 16f 6 | 2 a7 50 | 6 © 35127 41] 5 35] 9 4 43|/21 Io] 2 26)/37 114) 712339 551 5 9° 40|27 oll 5 4o 4 39]/22 20] 2 25]/38 I 13) 8] 244i 6 — © 45}26 20]] 5 45 4 34]/21 30] 2 24]/38 To | eaea aes © 5925 4]! 5 50 4 31/[ax 40] 2 23l/39 of x zo 10 | 3 af no] 4 0955/25 .> Sid 55 4271/40 S02; 221139 GA that 3. 10 8 Sead I 0/24 29/16 o 4 23}/22 O}] 2 20/140 I 12 3 19 8o | 2 I 5/23 54,6 § 4 20]/22 Io] 2 Ig/|41 1 511313277 8s] x I 10}23 20]! 6 10 4 16]|22 20] 2 18]|42 I 311413 367-090] o I 15/22 47]| 6 15 4 13}|22 30) 2 17/143 Tt AYTs 1°38" Ag I 20/22 15]| 6 20] 8 4 9/22 40} 2 16|144 © 591 16 | 3 50 TAB. VII. I 25/21 44] 6 25] 7 4 6)/22 50] 2 15/145 © SI 17 | 3 37 Moon’s I 30/21 15]} 6 30] 7 4 3/123 oO] 2 r4]140 © $5138 14 74 Augmentat. I 35/20 46)| 6 35] 7 4 0//23 TO) _2 13/47] © 531 ro | 4 xx | Alt. |Augm. I 40/20 181] 6 4a] 7 3 571123 20] 2 121/48 O 5I 417 =) a I 45/19 51]| 6 45| 7 3 54||23 30) 2 11/149 O49 ar | 4 23 ° ) I 6 501 7 2 3 51/23 40] 2 rol|50 O 48} a2 4 30 5 I I § 6 55] 7 3 48123 50) 2 gll5z © 461 93 4364 10 3 a he Ol 3 45)/24 01 2 852 Of 0 44 on | a god is| 4 2 OE) Be 3 43)/24 19) 2 71153 © 43) 26 | 4 524 20 6 a Wi TOL 7 3 40]|24 20) 2 61/54 O41f 2815 5] 25 2 715) 7 3 38)/24 30, 2 $155 0 40h 29 | & ae | 30 § 2 7 20) 7 3 35|)24 40, 2 4150 Of © 381351 5 sof 351 9 2 725} 6 3_33|/24 50]_2_ 3/57 © © 371 40 | 6 “4 FoI 7 30] 6 53/115 Oo} 3 30/125 Oo] 2 al/58 O 35 6 27 45 | 11 7 35) 6 49]l1§ Io] 3 28//25 To] 2 1159 © 34 6464 5o| 12 7 40] 6 45|1T5 20] 3 26]/25 20] 2 ali6o 0.39 728} 551] 13 7 45] 6 42175 30] 3 24]/25 30] 1 sgiléx Oo} o 32 8 rf 60] 4 7 50] 6 37||15 40] 3 21/|25 40] r 58/62 Oo] o 3 8 34] 70] 15 7 55] © 33/15 50] 3 191/25 So} I $7103 2 © 20190] 9°64 Be] rs 8 of 6 29/16 of 3 17|/26 oO} 1 56)/64 © 28lroo | 9 35 | 90} 16 8 5| 6 25|116 ro} 3 15|/2€ Io] 1 §5)/65 ° 26 * 8 10] 6 22/116 20) 3 12//26 20] 1 55]|66 O 25 . 8 15; 6 18]/16 J0]_3 To}/26 30] 1 54/67 O 24) TABLE VIII, “8 20] 6 15/116 40] 3 81/26 40} I 531/68 © 231Dip at differ. Distances 8 25) 6 r1|/16 50] 3 6/126 s0] x 52\//69 © 224 from the Observer, 8 30} 6 817 Oo 4127 Ol I 51||70 ° - 8 35| 6 s\lt7 rol 3. all27 x3] 1 soll7r 0] 0 Height of ess 8 4o] 6 1/17 20] 3° rI27 30] 1 4yll72 fo) in Feet. BAS) $ SBUTT\3O) 2 591127.45 I 48/73 ©] @ 17 | 5 [£0 |t5 |20 |25 |30_ 5°} 5 S5E7 49) 2 571/20 OF I 471/74 & rr’ }23' 134’ 145" 157" 68° 8 55] 5 S2||17 50] 2 551/28 15] 1 46]/75 Oo} o 6 lraer lalate Q oO} 5 48]/18 of 2 54/128 30] x 451/76 ° 4| 8 |r2 |1§ |t9 |23 _9 _5}_5_45]]18 tol 2 521/28 45) 1 441/770} 0 3|.6| 9 |r2 [x5 [17 g 10] § 42\/18 20] 2 Ssifiay OO} Tt 4a/l78 ) “315 | 7 |10 \12 |14 9 15] 5 39/18 30) 2 49/129 30] I 40]179 Oo} © 3| 4| 6] 8 Ito jr2 g 20] § 36/|18 40} 2 47|/30 Oo} 1 38]/80 fe) 214/517| 819 9 25] 5 34/18 50} 2 46]130 30] I 37/181 fo) 2/3) 4) 617] 8 9 30] 5 3119 Of 2 44i/3r oO} © 35]/82 fe) asta ts Ole 9 35] 5 28]|19 TOl 2 43/131 30] 1 33/183 fe) i 3 4451616 9 40] § 25||/I9 20] 2 41/132 Of] I 311184 fo) ; 3 4131516 9 45] 5 231/19 30] 2 401132 30] x 30/186 o| o 3 6 9 54] § 2019 40] 2 381/33 of x 28]/88 of o 5S |2) 3) 4) 4) 5) 01 fF 9 5s! 5 18llT9 50] 2 371133 301 1 26/190 Ole a131414is5isi TABLE IX, For correcting the OBSERVED ALTITUDE of the Sun’s Lower Lis, wher taken by a Fore Observativn. ee eee ae ee AEST STS SESS ES ET SLA STII GS Dy ET PTE CG EY RE REET NLS, LEELA ESE LS ELLER SLID TOIT AT a 8 TSB a pe SSE SEA A a Oe RE to | PO SEO oe rn ae wee 8 ea 18 $@€ "SO 6s €£ Mo OH rR AAA IAMS ——— = MOMAIMNO HHO D Wee ae ei oe i ae MMOH HR AAMMOS ote tt tnnMnw Pn ©)» Oe © gp Bry Og Oe (Pa Oras Bhe 84 Oz Cn GR Beets 64> 8% yn. 4 Pe O-- 0% 6% 6 £8. GOW Oa 10 Ge PTO nmOA a — MO HDs GMO K~HOIH SA YMYAMMESO DO OME OES OSI OS OL Oe is - On Ot ont Set ow es ars a & OOO OO OE EEO 100 0 CO COCO HOO CO OO OD Ce ee, ee ee ee eee le ee ee | rer TT NM NMO OE PT SS Se a Ee ee Oe ee eee eee SH mE. AH tO OO 3 OHO HN AND O Og Oe Be ee ee et me Od. 8 8 Om De 8 ee © ee a rer 6 | Oae ye ee eal w err eee af so .6 a" et 6 Ooh ol) SO Ok Oe 8 eS OO 8 eae a Sh HH AAA INI St Set AMIMINMMDO lOO NNO EM REO CO /00 00 00 00 06 00 60 SS te Based SON adh ete G2 WR ah eh bod NOs o. 0. So Lomal Re ee er RPO crs PED CATS De GPO DA POO OH A CN] PUNO HO HO es A ca pT wumo MMO ADO Om ee aa A? aoe Oe ee Owe Er OO B86 666 O76 OO ee: ORS Oe 8 re et ew ORO Line? | o6 eke egicee ketece: ie aay ea oae — | Reeme cit e*ns Se ele au Se Ue se Te Com Seem ae = Gans, 3 Mo HH AA OMEN OD + FTHAMMMMMOO!OO ~HONOWWOWO|MHONDMOOSH AADRDD RAGHSASRS|SGCESSSS 8 loo] 2 OO TSC SO TIO MOTO DH Awl me TOD ON APIO BOAO AMT MIO moc HOOK AA a aos tO ™ Oe Ci Rie Pt BS Oe BS e) EE) ee Oe One Oy Ot tte ety 8 9° Oe 6" «-) e) oe - go ee” ee eee 6 we FO Oe. Ot 68 lH, Pn ee ee ee ee ee i he he ee Be 1S BREF IAMOMNS Sl ST gt iInIMMMMO ONO ]O WKN OOOO 1 COD DADAAAARKDAROCAOAODICDOODOONO0O ot Cn ee ee oe ee a= wo lS TSS 8 TTS 8 [SOO MMO OO H MMW] O 690 270 O AEG UNO MICO DOM AGTMO BIO BOHN AA MCE COS tTreMmMMmoowo o ee ee ee, eee ee he ee ee es an a ek ro ee) LPeako ww wee |) oe Ae We 6 7ReF OY ee" Sé oe ¢2 Oe jes 7S Cie, Oo e-- @. ioe &) ee @ + Owe” wr 8 o -ef 4D @_*°@ r@ bp ©) & SIAM HI Igqmnt¢tet] tTrmMMNNOOOO!]/ RRND OOCO00OlC000 DARA ARO oo. O. 0.076 OO 0O-O FO Oro: 0 OO. 0 6 4 { | ee ee ee oe co Ls A ce ee oe BO oe eB | oo —— = elect ee, eee OAMEMDOOGMAA AMD O ATAMNORDO AO AMAMOKRADAOC KR AA MNMAAMMOOO ~rww OH 6 eee eNO wl @ ere irs se el fe. 6 Lala le) 6 al @ ty a el 0 oy OM oe Le oe ae law tiede @ aie @ nak Oe SUR RP) OG a le ATC UIO ws PEP reer a Fae 8 wile a kw See a a rae weer (ame de Http tea SE Winn Cin Peas eee Ra tl dad dances MMWMWMMOOOOOI NM MED OCH WOWOWOIANAADAARARaACOIVOIVOIAODOIDOIDOIDIDIAjIODOVGDIDIOO FH ~~ A ne ee ee oe — = at ost ist AME HDeH AME AHI TRO AOWDO DORIA YMTMO WROD QAR AIA GS tTNMO’ ~KCO CO DHRHO O & oe, @ .@ €@,.6@ ~ ©, @.@86 .@ oe erga --e"e oy -s; 2 ove ee ea Oy i ee 16 r. wie “6 ae) OV Caer Oe ea CT 6 sf Oe és a” we 7 6) See ee eo roe oe! e olF@i. Ce MmmonMntse eM arr ise Sens. eae nates SRRGARROSS(SSSSSSSSSS OOO Ok HH we ele es Ee , ee ee ee ee ee ee os i a ade het EBC ar MWM~OR ONNE~ AH OI AA TOO OK A TI MO KDW KRO AO A MTI MMO ~RO ARO O Dee eS ee ee ere ee eS eR ee es FO 8S Oe 6 Oe ees Behe re bal whe a 6. mck! ened eta | - ae @. 2 *, eo btn oF tae oe ae 4 oe oe ee oe ees Lee | si '¢. &§2e . 2a 78 = AY, FINntse tetewm Nee aera ee tee eentad iaeeee aaa BANDARAOOIOVDIVOVOVOVOO OO COC FS SIH BS ew eS ee en A I sR ee oe eo . 6 Ses CP 6) pO ey SBS ee “ee... '* 74° 8 2 a eS “0 G8 -& 0. =e ~*~ s © s Bf SOAFSS AA AASSSSS KKK] RSG FARA SSSS ISSSdd/Sd bonne EHH ee naee ~~ Co A co aoe ee Boe oe | Ce ee ce i oe ee | Le ce Be oe oe Be cel 2. ol SES aa sae an Net PO HDA FO oo SFr De OPO MOTTO RR AMT MO FOIL DWOHF RB AON STeM MOOd Ww DO Le ee lo i 2 ee oe fo Yeo, ok Ieee oo ef @ eo (4 ¢ . @. 6) Be O44 SA Or o, @ -e? Cy ah, 4, BG 6-2 ta, Fo Os CO, 8 Sane 2 eo OC Ge) a Ree oS Mer F909 FD 9 WI] 1 O19 10 0 EH EET ]00 000000 HARARAAOC0000000 O et mt mt ee ee OOO OR -_ é Leet oon len lee ee oe ee en | 4 ES) Rabe EBS ae ty ag Aa TOW OA TOTO O[(TROAH MNEDW O HIAMTPMMOSO DOKI ANMTMNMOO MHI RWDO ADO HS 7) OoO0oO0o0°0 OOn - DEER ee ees a — ot Le en Oe ee ee oe oe | ee MNO rm eco ONAOATLP MMO WOW DADO OO BAA Oto << q@”"»e6"" “246 o-~ 62-29 - @ es .0@,8 @ «eo 8+ °On ©. 6 om -F | ¢ 2° eRe oF ‘ FY Sece tet oe [oe ee SO E> RE i 0090. 100.00 (ONO NN OOO O0O0O0O00 0 8S = = & ECR pan ee a ae tea —-— — bt be I ee oe oe Le on oe oe Le A ee Ee oe | le ate i a] STM OTMR AH OTME/O HOH AGMO MOOD AOOR AAMT MTTANAO OR | @ in! ht ae ee Dee et ei Tee oo a eee ee om ee) e 8°@e e e se 8 te, % 27h 5O CO “2 ESS, 6 Ce eek Oe oe SS @ e e« e o° "6 ee gee Blatt oUuns ssl Ldnnnoodes lo oo Noto 70 me mememen momen Mm Moi i i 6 e-em a. a. i. i. oe or | aadcadcaaa . a Ln A en A coe ee ee oe oe oe ben A cen coe ee ee oe mt ete wide My Coy Ep, Em GO. a) Fh Soo SAY, Eve C0 8 Ns OS a ng oh tie — oO AA OOQPMO MH DOA AANHMTTNMOOInNrWDwoa Ar A . 6~ 4% e . co e oe @ ec 6° oe oc e ® £2, 4.0%6.¢@ e ee 2. SS OES Oy. t DP Cece Gs eo 2 ¢ @ 7 -oe GC 2¢@ *4 Se wy Oe CS _¢« Olen tttimnonoow. pte Pelee aN a ca IT a Pa Sand SSE Se BLE IE ot aigtedodi sales ecacaceddadea ses aN ls i on ls i anita. Ln ae coe ce aon ae i ee ee ee o9 750 Baers 5D = Bote ae So £02. MA. CRE, ED BNO CS hart sia ep ar HEH: WMO M™OCO DOA YNTIIMO ~wEwDw aod doO/dO as waa Oto & @ 9 ey, oes bcd dele etal, ie, ie a ae A le Oe ee A a a ee, le ee ie Dele ee ek O° C Be 8. @ «a eo e0e# 8 @ oye | te 2? 2» 2 @ 8 2 CO Om B® 6 Oot et oe 1h = art nNnooOdSd &]~ KOCH COCO DAI AAO OO OK HH mm i Aedes & H.G.8 [see bel at ao aa fe eee be EE Sears La ee ie he ke ee ee. eee LM a a le She at a Le A a I oe ae oe oe oe oe | Lc A cee Boe Ee eB oe BO Be | Ln A oe I oe A co Ben BE oe oe | ra - 10000000000 90000 g21, 5° ae Se S BGO RSAISA9 0 ooo0oo0o0o0c0o0co 0otfo0c0o0o0oo0o°0$°9o CO00000000l00000000 os MMINDO ODS WE EHISWO ADRS On eH ALOT MO ms AO alot wnod wood bo bwome tesla ge Nes oa Lo Pl con oe oe I oe ce alaawadaed a ane Sort ttt MmMmwMwMl mMoowowo nx Hn | Jan. | Feb. « Mar. Sept. —O.I —0O.2 Aug. —0'.3 ols 5 [> =] | al a ple =} I Ele =a|° Month, Mar, Correction, |0'.3|--0'.2|o'.1 70 TABLE X. FOR REDUCING LONGITUDE INTO TIME, AND THE CONTRARY. -8|| 340 '21.2|| 660 |29.5|| 1700 [47.31| 4100 |73.6 130 |13.%|| 350 21.51! 680 |30.0|| 1800 |48.7|| 4200 |74.4 19 [5.01] 43 |7.54]) 135 |13.3] 360 [21.8] 700 |30.4|| 1900 |50,1)| 4300 |75.4 140 |13.6]| 370 |22.1]| 720 |30.8]| 2000 |51.4]| 4400 |76.2 145 |13.8] 380 rel 740 |31.2|| 2100 |52.6|} 4500 |77.0 390 22.7|| 760 |31.7|| 2200 |53.9|| 4700 |78.8 400 |23.0|| 780 |32.1]] 2300 410 |23.3 32.5|| 2400 —_ we Or —_ “4 (eo 3) S. S. 8. 1 {0 2 4 91/6 4]| 1121/8 4 || i651 f10 4 2/0. 2 4 92/6 8}| 122]8 8]|| 152 |10 8 3 10 2 4 93 | 6 12 || 123 | 8 12 || 153 {10 12 4/0 2 4 94] 616 || 124 |816 |] 154 {10 16 5 10 2 4 95 | 6 20 || 125] 8 20 || 155 {10 20 6 | 0 2 4 96 | 6 24 || 126! 8 24 || 156 |10 24 7 10 2 4 97 | 6 28 || 127] 8 28 || 157 }10 28 8 | 0 2 4 98 | 6 32 || 128] 8 32 |] 1258 }10 32 9 |0 2 4 99 | 6 36 || 129 | 8 36 || 159 |10 36 10 {0 2 4 100 | 6 40 || 1380/8 40 || 160 {10 40 11 | 0 44 11 | 24. 4 101 | 6 44 || 181] 8 44 |] 161 (10 44 12 |048]| 42 | 2 48 4 102 | 6 48 || 132] 8 48 || 162 |10 48 13 |052/| 43 | 2 52 4 103 | 6 52 || 133 | 8 52 || 163 110 52 14 |056 || 44 | 2 56 4 104 | 656 || 134] 8 56 || 164 {10 56 I |1 o0]]| 4 |3 0 5 105 |7 Off 1851/9 Of} 165 11 O i6 |1 4|| 46 13 4 5 10617 4|| 13619 4 || 166 |11 4 Wo} d°<8 |} 47. 18. 8 5 107|7 S|] 187;9 8 || 167 11 8 18 |112]/| 48 1312] 78 |5 121) 108|712]] 188 |9 12 || 168 |11 12 19 |116/| 49 |8 16] 79 |516]| 1091716 |} 139|916 || 169 }11 16 20 |120]|] 50 |320]) 80 |5 20 || 110] 7 20 || 140] 9 20]] 170 {11 20 21 1/124 |) 51 |3 24] 81 [5 241) 131] 7 24] 141 | 9 24] 171 Al QA 22 1128 || 52 |3e8/| 82 |5 28 || 112] 7 28 || 142/928 || 172 |11 28 23 | 132 || 53 |3 32/1 88 |5 32/1 113] 7 32 || 143 | 9 32 |] 178 {11 32 a4 | 136 || 54 [3 36] 84 |5 36) 114] 7 36] 144] 9 36] I74 [11 36, 25 1140]] 55 |3 40] 85 |5 40]] 115|740]] 145 |9 40 ]| 175 |11 40 26 |144 || 56 | 3 44]] 86 |5 44 || 116|7 44 || 146 | 9 44 || 176 |11 44 27 |148 || 57 |3 48]] 87 |5 481) 117|7 48 || 147 | 948 || 177 111 48 28 |152/]| 58 |352]| 88 |5 52 |) 118|752]| 148 | 9 52 |) 178 lI 52 29 |156|| 59 |356]| 89 |556]| 119|7 56 || 149] 956 || 179 |11 56 30 |2 0]] 60 |4 off 90 |6 0]] 120]8 O]] 150 {10 .0|| 180 |12 0 TABLE XI. FOR FINDING THE DISTANCE OF TERRESTRIAL OBJECTS AT SEA. 51S £ eS ay) URS oo a fe | TB > Hee ae ier Sores) a3 [sel as [22 me (28) 23 sl ee él ae cs Se laa] SS lea oe [eal cS lea] se [esl oe lea oe lus ma jAFims jAFl mse Fi os OF ms AF ms lei me Ae 1 |1.15|) 25 |5.74]) 4918.0]! 180 |15 4] 420 |23.5|| 820 |32.9]| 2500 157.4 2 11.62] 26 [5.86] 50] 8.1]| 190 115.8] 430 |23.8/| 840 [33.31] 2600 [58.6 3 11.99] 27 15.97!) 655 | 8.5]| 200 |16.2|| 440 |24.11| 860 [33.7/| 2700 159.7 4 |2.30) 28 |6.0s} 60] 8.9l| 210 |16.6]} 450 |24.4]| 880 134.11} 2800 |60.8 5 |2.57| 29 |6.18]| 65 | 9.3/| 220 |17.0]] 460 |24.6]| 900 |34.5/| 2900 |61.8 6 |2.81| 30 |6.30|| 70 | 9.6l| 230 [17.41] 470 |24.9]| 920 |34-sl| 3000 |63.0 7 |3.04] 31 (|6.40/] 75 | 9.9|| 240 |17.8]] 480 |25.2I| 940 /35.2l] 3100 |64.0 8 |3.25|| 32 |6.501| 80 {10.3/] 250 |18.2]| 490 |25.4]] 960 |35.6)| 3200 |65.0 9 |3.45| 33 |6.60]] 85 |10.6|| 260 |18.5|| 500 |25.7|] 980 36.01] 3800 \66.0 10 |3.63|| 34 |6.70!| 90 110.9), 270 [18.9]! 520 |26.2!| 1000 |36.3]| 3400 [67.0 11 |3.81|| 35 |6.80]] 95 {11.2|) 280 [19.2 540 126.7/| 1100 /38.1]| 3500 168.0 12 |3.9s|| 36 |6.90/| 100 |11.5|| 290 |19.6]| 560 |27.2I| 1200 |39.8]| 3600 |69:0 13 |4.14]) 37 |6.99|| 105 11.8! 300 19.9 580 |27.7!| 1800 |41.4|| 3700 [69.9 14 |4,30|| 38 |7.09]| 110 12.1] 310 \20.2|| 600 |28.1|| 1400 |43.0!| 3800 (70.9 15 |4.45] 39 |7.17l| 115 |12.3]] 30 [20.6] 620 |28.6|| 1500 |44.5|| 3900 171.7 16 |4.60|| 40 ee 12.6] 330 |20.9|| 640 |29.1|| 1600 |46.0]| 4000 |72.7 | NEW CHARTS. The NORTH SEA, extending from the Downs to 62° N. Latitude, with Plans on an enlarged scale of Shields Bar, &c.; Entrance of the River Tay and Dundee, Aberdeen, and Bergen.” Illustrated with views of Lighthouses, &c., and showing the courses and distances over the North Sea, with a Book of Directions : The NORTH SEA—LONDON to DRONTHEIM ; or the ‘above Chart continued to 64° N. Latitude, with additional enlarged Plans of Drontheim and Christiansund, with a Book of Directions The EAST, NORTH, and WEST COAST of GREAT BRITAIN and IRELAND, including the East Coasts of England and Scotland from the River Thames, the Feroe, Shetland, and Orkney Islands ; the Hebrides or Lewis Islands. and whole Coast of Treland, showing the 2 ae to the S.E. point. of Iceland, with an enlarged Plan of Roc all eee een ece eee eee ese eee The EAST COAST of ENGLAND from DUNGENESS to NEW- CASTLE, and the Coast of France from Boulogne to Dunkirk. With Plans on an enlarged scale of the Approaches “to Harwich; the Swin Middle Channel; Lowestoft and Yarmouth Roads, Cockle Gat, ke. ; Lynn and Boston Deeps; River Humber Entrance; Grimsby Road ; Scarborough ; Tees Bay and Hartlepool; Seaham; Sunderland; and River Tyne Entrance. With a Book of Directions a The EAST COAST of SCOTLAND, from Newcastle to Cape Wrath, &c., on a large scale, including the Orkney Islands, and South Head of Shetland Islands. With enlarged Plans of the Entrance to Shields and River Tyne, Blyth, Coquet Road, Farn and Holy Islands to Berwick, Firth of Forth, River Tay, Abroath, Montrose, Aberdeen, Peterhead, Fraserburgh, Banff and Macduff, Cromarty and Dornock Firths, Wick Harbour, Hoy Sound, and Pentland Firth. Illustrated with views of Lighthouses and of the Coast, with a Book of Directions The above two Charts show the whole of the East Coasts of England and Sectland on a very large scale. DUNGENESS to FLAMBOROUGH HEAD; and from Boulogne to Dunkirk, with Plans of Harbours and Book of Directions ... HARWICH to FLAMBOROUGH HEAD, with Plans of Lowes- toft and Yarmouth Roads, Cockle Gat, &c.; Lynn and Boston Deeps; River Humber Entrance ; and Grimsby Road ; with Book of Directions YARMOUTH ROADS, ‘with Plans of Lowestoft Road and Harbour, Hewett Channel, Cockle Gat., &c., on a large scale... The EAST COAST of ENGLAND, from ORFORDNESS to Flamborough Head and Scarborough, and extending to the S.W. Patch of the Dogger Bank in the North Sea, with an enlarged Plan of Yar- mouth and Lowestoft Roads (on one sheet)... ENGLAND and SCOTLAND, from Flamborough Head to Aberdeen, with Plans of Scarborough, Tees Bay, Seaham, Sunderland, Shields, Blyth, Berwick, River Tay to Dundee, Montrose, and Aberdeen (on one sheet) ... The above two Charts show the navigation from Har wich to Aberdeen, i in a handy form, for coasting vessels, SOLD BY Oo. T. OLSEN, CHART and NAUTICAL BOOKSELLER, 40, CLEETHORPE ROAD, GRIMSBY. &. 10 12 10 NEW CHARTS. The COAL TRADE or LEITH PILOT, containing Charts from London to the North Foreland, Harwich, Orfordness, Yarmouth, Lynn, Hull, Scarborough, Whitby, Sunderland, North and South Shields, New- castle, Berwick, Leith, Aberdeen, &c. The SCOTLAND and NORTH SEA PILOT, containing ‘Charts of the Coasts of ENGLAND and SCOTLAND, including the Navigation from London to Aberdeen, as the above, with a Chart of the North Sea... The Book of Sailing Directions for the North Sea, to peices the above Pilots NORTH COAST of SCOTLAND, “Orkney Islands, ‘and ‘Moray Frith, on a large scale, from Peterhead, on the Eastern Coast, to the Little Minch, or northern portion of the ‘Lewis Islands, and showing the navigation east and west through the PENTLAND FRITH.. The HEBRIDES or LEWIS ISLANDS and WEST COAST of SCOTLAND, including the NortH Coast of IRELAND, &c.; with Plans, on an enlarged scale, of the Kerrera Channel to Oban, &c., Sound of Mull, Tobermory and Stornoway He ee and the Caledonian Canal, &C,; with a Book of Directions ove ee ms PGA abe oes ENGLAND and HOLLAND, on a large scale, from Beachy Head to the River Humber, on the English Coast, and the opposite Coasts of France and Holland, &c., from Boulogne to the Texel; with an enlarged Plan of the Entrances to the Texel a tet Or with a Book of Sailing Directions The TEXEL to the RIVER HEVER, on a large scale, including the River Ems, Jahde, Weser, Elbe, and Eider ; with Plans of River Elbe entrance, Helgoland, Fedderwarder, Bremerhaven, and the River Eider to Tonning : with a Book of Directions ie The above two Charts show the navi igation from the English Channel and the Downs to Hamburg, &c., on a large seale. ENGLAND and HOLLAND, from Dungeness to Flamborough Head, on the English side, and Coast of France, Holland, &c., from Calais to Hamburg and Tonningen ; with Plans of the River Schelde and Entrances to the Texel and the Vlie, with the Island of Helgoland, on a large scale . ELBE and WESER, large scale. —The Entrances to the Rivers ELBE and WESER, EMS, JAHDE, EIDER, and HEVER to Embden, Leer, Jahde, Bremerlehe, Vegesack, Bremen, Cuxhaven, Gluckstadt, Hamburg, Tonning, Frederichstadt, and Husum ; with enlarged Plans of Harbours, and Book of Directions ai The SKAGER RAK, or SLEEVE, on a large scale, including the Coasts of Norway and Sweden’ from Ekersund and the Naze to Christiania and Gottenburg, &c., with enlarged Plans of Harbours, &c.. The COAST of NORWAY and the WHITE SEA, including the Sleeve, with Harbours, and a Book of Directions ... eee eee eee SOLD BY O. T. OLSEN, CHART and NAUTICAL BOOKSELLER, 40, CLEETHORPE ROAD, GRIMSBY. S. a 12 10 10 ESTABLISHED 1802. EDWARD. MASSEY. Original Inventor and Patentee of the } SHIP LOG & SOUNDING MACHINE. New Patent Frictionless Sounder. Ay i ™ ‘= \ :) ' lier | ; » i {¥ H ! i lat Hee TT ri y Lent I? it i itt aN ni:t 1 4 ‘ssn Axreurpia 10; ouryoRur ysoq VUL Can be used with ordinary Ship’s Lead. ‘Aunfal woul ul porgA0o sjooyM 9} ITY Cannot be fouled by weed or sand. Easily read, and set instantly. ‘gporl09 joudvd YOIUM ‘[eIp euO UO xepUy ORIGINAL ,4y. TRADE MARK. CASO TOI. Owing to the reputation of MAssEy’s Machines, spurious imitations are sold bearing his name, but not being his make; intending purchasers should there- fore be careful to notice the Machines they obtain are marked with the above TRADE MARK, which stands for the motto, Log, LEAD, LooK-ourT. 4 Manufactery—17; Chadwell Street, London, E:C. WALKER & BROWN, GOODWILL & LAWSON, Curgravers, LITHOGRAPHERS AND PRINTERS, 7, SCALE LANE, WINDOW PILATES: DOOR PLATES. JAMB PLATES. GHood-Cuts of every Peseription. Silver and Gold Engraved with Care. eine NEW CHARTS, : PUBLISHED BY te WX. RAL EO AK: dks A OOM ie ¥ KY 89 and 102, Minories, London. RIVER THAMES (SEA REACH TO ORFORDNESS AND THE Downs), with plan of the River Thames from Sea Reach to London, Harwich, and Ramsgate Harbours. On two Sheets, Accom- panied with a Book of Directions. 8s. ENGLISH CHANNEL (Downs To Scitty ISLANDS), with plans of many of the prin- cipal harbours. Compiled from recent British and French surveys. On three sheets: This Chart is on a very large scale, and is accompanied with a book of Sailing Directions, 192s. BRISTOL CHANNEL (Hartland Point and the Smalls to Bristol and Gloucester). On three large sheets, Drawn from recent Admiralty surveys, and accompanied with a Book of Directions. 1Qs. IRISH (or St- GEORGE’S) ano BRISTOL CHANNELS (Trevose Head, Corn- wall, to the Firth of Clyde), with numereus plans of harbours, and illustrated with views of the coast, lighthouses, beacons, &c. On three large sheets. Drawn from recent Admiralty surveys, and accom- panied with a Book of Directions. 1Qsg. {RELAND (THE West, SouTH-wesT, AND NORTH COASTS OF), from Waterford to Lough Foyle. An accompanying chart to that of the Irish Channel, No, 14 preceding. Compiled from reeent Admiralty surveys, With a Book of Diréctions. on three large sheets. 12s. WEST COAST ano ISLANDS oF SCOTLAND (from the Mull of Cantyre to Cape Wrath and the Lewis Islands). On three large sheets. With plans of harbours, Accompanied with a Book of Directions. 19s. ENGLAND (East CoAst oF) FROM DUNGENESS TO THE RIVER TYNB, with plans on a large scale, of the River Humber, Yarmouth Roads, Bridlington Bay, River Tyne, Hartlepool, Sun- derland, &c. On four sheets. Illustrated with numerous views of the coast. With a Book of sailing Directions. 192s ENGLAND ano SCOTLAND (East Coast OF), FROM FLAMBOROUGH HEAD TO CAPe WRATH AND THE ORKNEYS, With plans of all the principal harbours. On three large sheets. With a Book of Directions. 10s. NORTH COAST oF SCOTLAND (Cape Wrath to Pentland Firth) including the Orkney Islands. One large sheet 5s. NORTH SEA, 02 two large sheets, showing the navigation between the coasts of England and Scot land, and the opposite coasts of France, Holland, Jutland, and Norway. With Plans of harbours, Illus- trated with numerous views of the Lighthouses. Accompanied with a Book of Directions. 8s. SOUTHERN PART of THE NORTH SEA from Dungeness to Flamborough Head en the English side, with the opposite coasts of France, Holland, and Germany, from Calaisto Hamburg. With plans of Bridlington and Dover bays, the Downs, Dunkerque’ Roads, Flushing Reads, the entrance to the Hook ef Holland Canal, the Texel Channels, Heligoland, and entrance to the Elbe. On three Sheets. Accompanied with a Book of Directions. |2s FLEMISH BANKS &c A large Chart, on two sheets, showing the navigation between the River Thames and the ports on the north coast of France (Calais, @stende, Dunkerque, &c.),the River Schelde to Antwerp; Rotterdam, &c. It comprises the North Sea south of latitude 520 23’ N.,and is accompanied witha Book of Sailing Directions, 8s, NORTH SEA, Rivers THAMES AND MAAS TO THE TEXEL. A large Chart, on twe sheets, showing the navigation north of the chart of the Flemish Banks, &c., just described, and com- prising all the sea included between Orfordness and Yarmouth Roads and the Texel 8s, NORTH SEA; Coast oF HOLLAND AND PRUSSIA FROM THE TEXEL TO HAMBURG A chart, on three large sheets, showing the entrances to the Elbe, Weser; Ems, Jade, and Hever, Com- piled from recent surveys. Accompanied witha Boek of Directions. |Qs,. SOLD BY O. T. OLSEN, GRIMSBY: BOOTS, STIORS, SLIPPERS. SILKS, COTTONS, THREAD, NEEDLES, OIL & SEWING MACHINE PARTS. R. ©. HOSSACK, 326, VICTORIA-ST. NORTH, gece eat (CORNER oF FOTHERBY-ST.) Respectfully announces that he has:always on hand a splendid assortment of LADIES’, GENTLEMEN’S, anp CHILDREN'S These Goods have been very carefully selected from the most fashionable manu - facturers, are made of the best quality both in workmanship and material, and contain some of the choicest patterns which have been brought out this year. R. C. H. has always in stock MEN’S and BOYS’ STRONG NAILED BOOTS Home-made, and also a large assortment of OHILDREN’S BOOTS and SHOES of all the different kinds, REPAIRS PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO. All Winter Goods left over, sold at greatly REDUCED PRICES GENTLEMEN’S SPRING SIDE BOOTS from 4s 11d, ds 114, 38 11d 7s 11d, 9s, 10s 6d, 12s 6d, to 18s 6d. , LADIES’ SPRING SIDE BOOTS, from 2s 11d, 3s 6d, 4s 6d, 22 6d, 6s 6c, 7s 6d, 9s, 1:8, to 16s GENTLEMEN’S LOW SHOES FOR SUMMER WEHAR. GIRLS’ WALKING SHOES wirn Friars, anp BuckKLeEs. BOY’S PATENT DRESS SHOES. . ELIAS HOWE SEWING i8 MACHINES, HAND & TREADLE, AE R. 6. HOSSACK'S 826, VICTORIA-STREET, (Corner of Fotherby-st.) GRIMSBY. - R. H. LAURIE, 53, Fleet Street. LONDON, E.C., Publisher of Charts and other Wantical Works, BHGS To DIRECT ATTENTION TO THE UNDERNOTED PUBLICATIONS: CHARTS. The NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN, !2s. & 8s. The SOUTH ATLANTIC OCEAN; 8s. The INDIAN OCEAN AND EASTERN 8EAS; I6s. The ENGLISH CHANNEL, With the Bristol and part of the St. George’s Channels, With Plans arid Sailing Directions. Izs ' The sT- GFORGE’S CHANNEL, with the Bristol Channe!, &c, With Plans and Saili i i By A. G. FINDLAY, F.R.G.S. t2s. ’ Pa Seire Ditectans. The NORTH SEA) with Plans of the Harbours, Views of the Land, &c., accompanied by a Sailing Directory, 8s. The SOUTHERN Part of the NORTH SEA, Containing the Coasts from the Downs to Whi Calais, to the River Elbe. With Directions, I2s. Bitby, and GOASTS of. GERMANY 2 nd DENMARK; rom Heligoland Bight to the Scaw, 6s The KATTEGAT from the Scaw tothe Southern Entrance of the Baltic; With a Book of Di i § A. G. FINDLAY, F,R,G,S, las, ° ih aeelcae The SOUTHERN Part of the BALTIC SEA, from the Sound and Belts to 57° 5? N. With Plans and Directions. By A- G, FINDLAY, F.R.G.S. Ios, The NORTHERN Partof the BALTIC SEA, containing the Coasts between 57° N, and the entrances the Gulfs of Finland and Bothnia, With Plans and Directions, Ios, b ¥ vA The GULF OF FINLAND, with Plan and Directions. By A, G, FINDLAY, F.R.G.S, 8s. The COASTS Of WESTERN EUROPE; between the British Isles, and Gibraltar, and the Madeira Isles; with Plans and Sailing Directions, By A. G. EINDLAY, F\R,G.S, Is, The MEDITERRANEAN SEA, Western Part, between the Strait of Gibraltar and Malta, and Sicily, with plansand directions. By A. G. Findlay, FRG.S*, sas. : The MEDITERRANEAN SEA; Eastern Part, or the Levant, between Sicily and Malta, to Constantinople and Alexandria, including the sea of Marmora, to the Bosphorous, with plans and directions, 12s The BLACK SEA, Western Part, containing the Bosphorus and the Coasts of the Black Sea to 34° 35°E; with plans of the entrances of the Danube, Sebastopol Hartour, &c, With directions, By A. G. Findlay, F.R.G.S. 8s : ‘ E The B ACK =SEA; Eastern Part, and the Sea of Azof Onthe same scale as the precedi i plans and directions by A G FINDLAY, FRG=s, 8s preceding Chart. With The RED SEA, Port Said to Aden I2s The GULF OF ADEN, by A. G, Findlay, F.R.G.S. 8s ISLAND AND BANKS OF NEW-FOUNDLAND, between Belle Isle and Boston, including the Gulf and River of St Lawrence With directions Is. The gE» COASTS OF BRITISH AMERICA; between Cape Breton Island and Boston; includi Bay of Fundy With plans and directions los 6d ' ede The EASTERN COASTS ofthe UNITED STATES) between Boston and the Mississippi, on five sheets with plans and directions By A. G, Findlay, F-R.G,2.. I6s. BOSTON TO CHARLESTON, With directions 1os6d _ CHARLESTON tO HAVANA and the mississippi. With directions, 7s 6d NAUTICAL BOOKS: NORTH ATLANTIC MEMOIR, containing a full description of the Winds, Tides, Passages, &c., of the North Atlantic Ocean, also Sailing Directions for. its Coasts and Harbours, with numerous Diagrams and Illustrations. Thirteenth Edition, 14s. SOUTH ATLANTIC DIRECTORY, including a Description of its Coasts, Winds Tides, Passages, &c. Illustrated by Diagrams. -By A. G. Findlay, E.R.G.S. Eighth Edition, 14s. The NORTH PACIFIC DIRECTORY, containing a Description of its Meteorology, with the Coast and Islands North of the Equator, including the Japanese Archipelago. With Illustrations. By A. G. Findlay, F.R.G.S., £1 4s. The SOUTH PACIFIC DIRECTORY, with a Description of its Coasts and Tslands, also of its Winds, Currents, Passages, &c. lllustrated. By A. G, Findlay, F.R.G.S., £1 4s. : INDIAN OCEAN DIRECTORY, with Descriptions of its Coasts, Islands, &c., including the Red Sea and Persian Gulf; the Winds, Monsoons, and Currents ; and Notes in making Passages ; and the Port Charges ; Indian Money, Weight Measures, &c. With numerous Illustrations, By A. G. Findlay, F.R.G.S., £1 8s A DIRECTORY for the Navigation of the INDIAN ARCHIPELAGO, CHINA, and JAPAN, with Descriptions of the Winds, Monsoons. and Currents. By A. G@) Findlay; F.R.G.S.; £1 8s. LIGHTHOUSES of the WORLD,—A List and Description of the Lighthouses of the World, giving their Position, Appearances, and the Character of their Lights. By A, G. Findlay, F.R.G.S. Handsomely bound in Cloth. 1876, Sixteenth Edition, 4s. Sold by O. T. OLSEN, Grimsby. ESTABLISHED 1802. JOHN EDWARD MASSEY, Manufacturer by special appointment to Her Majesty’s Royal Navy. i ORIGINAL INVENTOR AND PATENTEE OF THE SHIP LOG AND SOUNDING MACHINE J. KE. MASSEY begs to call attention to his NEW PATENT FRIGTIONLESS PROPELLER LOG, FITTED WITH CONICAL FISH-TAIL TUBE END, This Log is recommended with the greatest confidence, and its construction is the result of years of experience ; it is the must complete Log ever offered ; is very durable..and its results may be depended upon as accurate; the friction is almost destroyed in its action, and by the introduction of the Conical Fish-Tail End it tows more lightly; all suction is removed, and the liability of jumping from the water, par- ticularly in quick sailing, is prevented. CAUTION. The Inventor and Patentee begs respectfully to put Mer- chants, Captains, the Shipping Interest, and the Public in general, on their guard against spurious imitations of MAas- SEY'S LoGs, as some persons have dishonourably circulated Machines which are not his make, It is essential that intend- ing purchasers be careful to notice that the Log obtained is marked with the following Registered Trade Mark :— EDWD. MASSEY, wt PATENTEE, LONDON. The three L’s ‘stand for the seamen's motto, ‘‘ Log, Lead x and Look-out,” and no, Logs but those thus marked are genuine. Manufactory, 17, Chadwell Street, London, E.C. | Ww. C. D. & W. RYDER, THE ROPE WORKS, . SELBY, Have pleasure in svbmitting their List, and respectfully solicit your Orders. BEST TARRED AND SPUN YARN. LEAD LINES. PATENT LOG LINES. SATE LTWINE, BEST FLAX. BEST GALVANIZED WIRE. COCOA NUT MATTING. CORK FENDERS. AND ATLL KINDS OF TWINE, PAINT BRUSHES, Always on hand. All Orders sey executed. STORES :— PISA DOCK HOAD, GRIMSBY, emcee ee OE EES NE LN BE TE RE EL FREES TEE ERT BE ES 8 ET Sal PNR TET ETON IE NE PL GOOF IIR SEIT FRED E. FRISTON www ro fi CARVER, GILDER, PICTURE FRAME & WINDOW CORNICE MAKER, PHOTOGRAPHER, PusBLISHER,, AND Picture DEALER, CapineT-Maker, Unuotsrerer, Pratre-Griass- Facror, AND Hovuse-FurnisHinc ConTractor, 3, MARKET PLACE, GRIMSBY. intr — OLSEN, Compass Adjuster, alautical Instrument MAKER, 4nD FLAG MANUFACTURER: CHART AND NAUTICAL BOOKSELLER: p 40, Cleethorpe Road. Next Door but one to the New Custom House, GRIUSBY. WORKS:—FISH DOCK ROAD. G. H. LENNARD’S CAaterproof Garment and Oilshin MANUFACTORY. LADIES}GENTLEMENS’ « YOUTHS’ MACINTOSH GARMENTS OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS, AND MADE TO MEASURE. Seamen’s, Fishermen’s, and Pilots’ Oilskin Coats. Jackets, Smocks, | Trousers, Overalls, Arctic Helmets, and Westers. AIR LIFE VESTS, SWIMMING BELTS, LEANDER LIFE GUERNSEYS: AT 8 AND 21, SAINT JOHN STREET, HULL, general India Rubber and Gutta Percha MERCHANT. SHEET INDIA RUBBER, PUMP VALVES, PATENT PACKINGS, WASHERS, JOINT RINGS, SOCKET RINGS, & INSERTION, WHITE & COLORED ENGINE WASTES, HAND CLOTHS, FELTS. &e SMACK MAIN SHEET BLOCK CUSHIONS OR SADDLES, G. H. LENNARD’S own invention to break concussion & save Blocks. 8 & 21, Saint Fohn Street, Aull. Gis HEENNARDIS Cork Floor Cloth Warehouse, PATENT KAMPTULICONS. LINOLEUMS, CORTICINES, ORIGINAL CORK CARPETINGS, BOULINICONS, anp STAIR CLOTHS, &c. THE BEST MATERIALS FOR RooMs, HALLS, AND PASSAGES. COCOA MATTINGS. DOOR MATS, &c. INDIA RUBBER TILLER MATS, CLOTHES BAGS, PATENT ASHANTEE HAMMOCKS. &c. Miscellaneous Goods Department. PORTMANTEAUS, BAGS, HAT CASES, SATCHELS, é&c. INBIA RUBBER FISHING BOOTS, POLAR BOOTS, GOLOSHES, OVERSHOES, WATERPROOF BED SHEETS, &c. INDIA RUBBER SLATES, GUM BRUSHES. WRIST BANDS, ELASTIC STOCKINGS, &c. AT G. H. LENNARD, BULL: N.B.—-Near oy ee Moneta ie faux Uy, CARPE APS PHOTOGRAPHER, AND PORTRAIT PAINTER. 187, CLEETHORPE ROAD, GRIUSBY. AINTS Life-size Portraits, in oils, with frame complete, from £3 3s. Od each, either from life or carte-de-visite ; and having a great quantity to do can do them better than any firm in England, at the price. Cartes-de-visite from 4s. 6d. per doz. f= Call and see specimens of OIL PAINTINGS & CARTES-DE-VISITE AT 187, Cleethorpe-rd., GRIMSBY. WHERE ALL INFORMATION MAY BE HAD. J. HADFIELD, SHIP BUILDER AND SURVEYOR, GRIMSBY. = Phe Be QIVE, > eee JOSEPH WATSON, Flosier and Haberdasher, 344, VICTORIA STREET NORTH, GREAT GRIMSBY. | Shipping supplied:o7 on itiep paeit terms. MR. C. H. BOGEN, TEACHER or NAVIGATION CLEE TEMPLAR BUILDINGS, GREAT GRIMSBY. G. ATKIN, Family Crocer, Cea Dealer g Provision MERCHANT, 26, FREEMAN STREET, GRIMSBY. Smacks supplied. fPomviNG: LIFE. AT SEA: _ - ° Approved by the Board of Trade. HOLMES’ STORM & RESCUE SIGNAL LIGHT Self-igniting on water, inextinguishable, burns 40 minutes, visible at sea over 5 nautical miles. HOLMES’ MECHANICAL FOG ALARMS, APPROVED BY THE BOARD OF TRADE- ‘“ AURORA” for large ships. ‘‘ VICAR OF BRAY ” for fishing smacks. “LITTLE SQUEAKER” for boats and barges. Houmes’ Marine Lite Prorzcrion Association, 85 GREAT WINCHESTER STREET FUILDINGS: LONDON, E-C- LLL EE SE ERT SRE EB SER REPS SSRI TS PT ERR PE A OS EE OS cae x (25 “GS BAAD) Ay GED OIE TIE WIE Ey CHEMIST, ‘LSIDONUGA eS A TT VERS BGG... Medicine Chests, New or Re-fitted Also all Ship’s Medical Stores required by Act of Parliament me. webu A. Nok Tal, Hread and Misemt 4 “23, FREEMAN STREET, GRIV Maher, SMACKS SUPPLIED ON THE MOST REASONABLE TERMS cy ° CASH! CASH! CASH! © MOST MONEY LENT on Gold and Silver Watches, Plate, and Jewellery; Feather Beds, all kinds of Wearing Apparel, &c., " M. ABRAHAMS, - 4, Freeman-st., GRIMSBY. A OC OF AR a NEW AND SECOND HAND GLOTHES WATCHES, JEWELLERY, &e., always on sale. Weekly Payments taken for Goods Sold. Silver Watches, Warranted for 2 Years, from 25s. Fishermen s New & Second-hand 1 eh in stock. Zee Gee Sent for from all parts of the United Kingdom. “FAMILIES WAITED UPON IF DESIRABLE. PiLeAsE Notre tHE ADDRES8 :— M. ABRAHAMS, PAWNBROKER, WATCHMAKER & JEWELLER 4, FREEMAN STRELT, GRIMSBY. N.B.—Private Entrance Back of Premises. e iii 42 112446718 |