‘e
Bulletin No. 64 , February 20, 1923.
(Replacing Bulletin No, 22) ;
M. M. a gabe
Baan
34.68) COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA
Gul of 21S a Ee ie
DEPARTMENT OF IN?TEANAL APFATRS
James I, Woodward, Secretary
re = ce en at ms eaten tee ee ad
BUREAU OF TOPOGRAPHIC AND GEOLOGICAT SURVEY
George H. Ashley, State Geologist
a a tn a re ew te am cen te ee eaten An eR a a ne A a Ge RR ce ee,
Fe a RE COE AS TS A EN a TE EE Ne a AE A NR NE el ee 5 ae
COAL BEDS IN SOUTHERN SOMERSET COUNTY, PENINSYLVANTA
By
James D,. Sister
ee eet even
Introduction,
somerset County ranks seventh in Fennsylvania as a bituminous
coal producing county. In 1921 approximately 10,000,000 tons’of. coal
were produced by commercial and custom coal mines; over 1,000,000 tons
were produced in southern Somerset County. The coal from the Redstone
and Fittsburgh beds is used. almost entirely for locomotive steam coal,
and that from the other beds is shippea east for use in different
industries for steam rurposes, and as domestic fuel.
somerset County lies west of Allegheny Mountain and on the south
line of the State. It is bounded on the west by Favette and Westmore-
land counties; on the north by Cambria County; and on the east by
Bedford County. The area dis scussed in this report’ lies south:ort the
line of 40° North Latitude, which exvends east and west across the
county, intersecting the southern borough limit of the tow of Somerset,
Pee eovMshins producing coal) in) this: cCistrict: are: Addison, Elk: Lick,
southampton, Summit, Brothers Valley, southern part of Somerset,
Black, Milford; Midclecreek, and Upper and Lower furkeyfoot,.
There are fourteen coal becs of mineable thickness in the district
The Lower Kittanning, Upper Kittanning, Cage r Presport,; and), hedstone
beds are the most important at sresont. Phe Brookville, Clarion,
Lower Freeport, and ‘Pit tsbur gh (which Ls now aractically exhausted),
produce more than 1,000,900 tons annually, The production from the
remaining beds is confined almost entiz caly' to local use.
Por many years the production of southern Somerset County was
limited almost entirely to the Pittsburgh bed. In the last few years
the Redstone bed has been mined vigorously, but its area is limited
and it will soon be exhausted, However, there are many other beds,
chiefly in the Allegheny formation, which are yet practically
undeveloped and even unnrospected in large areas, These beas furnish
the bulk of future production, Prospecting and geologic wavk in this
district have established the fact that-the beds in the Allegheny and
Conemaugh formations are generally thin, averaging, in most cases,
less than 6 feet thick, .The beds are lenticular: invariably they are
subject to roof and bottom "rolls" and in some places to wide "rock
faults." In the next few years mining will be confined almost
entirely to local areas where the beds are very regular and have
excellent quality. With the installation of picking tables and
Washeries not only will the quality of the Shipping. coal be bettered
and demand increased, but much coal can be saved by shipping one or
more grades from mincs.
The main line of the Baltimore and Ohio railroad enter@ this
district at Hoblitzell, runs west to Meversdale, and follows
Casselman River through the western boundary ofthe county. Numerous
branches‘serve the district south of Meyersdale, Berlin, Pinehill,
Somerset, and the coal mining centers in the Johnstown and Wilmore
basins. The district is traversed by many improved roads most of
which were recently constructed, The township roads are dirt and are
kept in good condition, During times of excessive prices thousands of
tons of coal are hanied over these roads to sidings,
These excellent transportation facilities enable this district
to Ship its coal readily, The greater vart of the production is dis-
tributed along the Baltimore and Ohio railroad between @imberland and
New York, Many tons are shipped yearly to tidewatér and to the lakes.
Allegheny and Negro Moyntains‘are the chief topographic features
of the county. Allegheny Mountain, separating Elk Lick and Greenville
townships, is a high narrow ridge with a crest averaging 2900 feet
above tide, ‘Jest ox this mountain lies the beautiful Berlin-Salisbury
basin. This basin is 9 miles wide from the crest of Allegheny Mountain
tO the crest of Negro Mountain. The center of the basin is decidedly
hilly and cut by many streams, Allepheny Mountain has.a steep and
rugged Slope, and Negro Mountain a gradual one. Casselman River flows
in the center of the basin from Salisbury north to Meyersdaie, and
northwest to Garrett. A few miles west of this place it cuts the
broad high ridge of Negro Mountains The highest point so far dis-
covered in Pennsylvania, 3210 feet, is on this mountain-about 6 miles
northwest of Salisbury. ‘he Confluence-Johnstown basin, northwest of
Negro Mountain, is extremely hilly; streams have cut deen channels and
flow in V-shaped valleys.’ Laurel Hill forming, in part, the western
boundary of this district, is anotner distinct topographic feature,
SLRUC TURE.
Six structural features, each having a general northeast-southwest
trend, have been recognized and mapyed in a preliminary manner, They
are, in order from east to.west: Welltrsburg syneliine; Savage Mountain
anticline; Berlin-Salisbuzxy syncline (continuation of the Casselman
Ssyncline of Maryland); Negro Mountain anticline (continuation of
Accident anticline of Maryland); Confluence-Johnstowm synceline (Lower
Youghiogheny syneline of Marvland); Laurel Hill anticline.
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The Wellersbure syncline is a deep, narrow basin east of Allegheny
Mountain. Its axis extends through the town of Wellersburg northeast-
ward end passes near Williams Station on the main line of the Baltimore
and Ohio railroad, Its total length in Somerset County is 10 miles,
The deepest point in the basin is near Wellersburg where remnants. of
the Monongahela formation cap the hilltops. The basin gradually rises
northeastward and ends in Bedford County,
Mount Savage anticline enters the State two miles southwest of
Pocahontas and leaves the county two miles east of New Baltimore, The
rocks dinvsteeply on both’ its flanks, The structure is regular and
there is no pronounced variation of Jip in its total length of about
18 miles in Somerset County.
The Berlin-Salisbury basin, lying northwest of Allegheny Mountain
anticline, enters the district on the State line 2 miles south of
Salisbury, Its axis extends in‘a northeastern direction just west of
Hitseuury. evyersdate |’ Pinehiil. and Berlin, It is.a typical canoe=
shaped synceline, tne rocks rising rapidly to the crest of Allegheny
Mountain on its eastern flank. The rise is more gradual and uniform
on its western slopes, The dcepest part of the basin is just south of
Meyersdale. From this point the axis rises gradually northeast to
Berlin, and southwest, slowly at first, but increasing rapidly until
the Fittsburgh bed is lifted out of the hilis near the Maryland State
line. The axis of the basin is SLightiy tilted and as a result, the
trough deepens southwestward-in the direction of the tilt.
Negro Mountain anticline enters the district about 2 miles east of
Oakton, extends along Shoemaker Run, Glace iountain, Lick Ren,
Blackfield, and leeves the district about 3 miles southwest of |
Shanksville, This anticline is broad, rising rapidly and highest in
Addison and Hlk Lick townships where the lowest member of the Pocono
formation is exposed, The axis gradually dips northeastward and the
anticline flattens out in Black anc Brothers Valley townships,
The Confluence-Johnstown basin lyinz northwest of Negro Mountain
anticline, is broad and comparatively flat, being aporoximately 15
miles wide from the crest of Negro Mountain anticline to the crest. of
Laurel Hill anticline. The Conematgh and Allecheny formations are
exposed in‘almost its entire area. The axis enters the county near
Confluence, extends northeast and leaves the southern district near
Lavansville, a few miles west of Somerset, This basin contains a
minor anticline and syncline on its eastern flank near Rockwood and
Casselman which were formerly Supposed to be a continuation of the
Wilmore basin in northern Somerset County, The rocks rise slowly and
evenly on the western flank.
Laurel Hill anticline, on the western edge of the county, is a
great fold that has brought the Pottsville and Mauch Chunk roeks to
outcrop, Its axis is highest on the county line southeast of Wilpen;
from that point it dips gradually north and south,
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STRATIGRAPHY,
The outcropning rocks of this district belong to the Quaternary,
Carboniferous, and Devonian systoms,.
the Quaternary system iS represented by river deposits of recent
age composed of sands, clays, and gravel, which the streams have
deposited on their flood plains in times of high water. This formatior
is limited princinvally to the valley of Casselman River between Salis-
bury and Garrett. The Carboniferous system is represented’by the
Monongahela, Conemaugh, Allegheny, Pottsville, Mauch Chunk, and Pocono
formations, The Devonian is represented by the Catskill anc Chemung
formations.
The Monongahela formation is confined entirelv to the hilltops
in the Berlin-Salisbury and Wellersburge basins. It contains two work~
able coal beds, the Pittsburgh and the tedstone,. The formation is
extremely shaly, but also contains two sandstones anc three or more
limestones averaging about 4 feet thick,
The Conemaugh formation outcrops along the flanks of the anti-
clines in the Berlin-Salisbury basin, and along Casselman River and its
tributaries west of Rockwood, It is composed chiefly of olive-gsreen
and red shales with interbedded limestones and coal beds. In the
entire thickness of 875 feet there are but few massive sandstones,
'r
The Allegheny formation underlies practically the entire district,
It outcrops on the flanks of the anticlines on both sides of the
Berlin-Salisbury basin and along stream-valleys west of Rockwood, It
is composed of massive sandstones, coal, and clay beds, shales, and a
few beds of limestone. Its average thickness is 250 feet.
the Pottsville formation outcrops on the western slope of
Allegheny Mountain and forms a large area of surface rocks on the
crest of Negro Mountain, It is composed of two or more massive sand-
stones which are locally conglomeritic. Between these sandstones are
intervals of shale which sometimes contain two or more impure coal
beds.
The Mauch Chunk formation is composed entirely of red and olive-
green Shales, and thin layers of interbedced red sandstone, The
Greenbrier limestone, occurring in three or four different :benches
separated by red shale, lies at the base of this formation, and is
locally quarriec for lime, The Msuch Chunk formation is not coal-
bearinge
The Pocono, Catskill and Chemung formations, outcropping only on
the crests of Negro and Allegheny Mountains, are composed principally
of shales, and a few massive sandstones that form the crests of the -
ridges,
COLDS
‘The following table shows the stratigraphic relation of the coal
beds, their average thickness and the average intervals between then,
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COAL BEDS IN SOUTHERN SOMERSET COUNTY.
} aT Ea aa “Averago | Average aie
Formation Bed ‘Interval | Thickness
HA seated ten de CALEY LAIR IOs NRE ERT hy ata Neh eam ear TaN (CP WRT A AU amine eee ci ST PR Car | AE
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Monongahela = | |
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: Redstone B RRA A A
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Pittsburgh (Big Vein); A ERE oe
(
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| Lonaconing = j-..—-—..---. 4 0" (very dirty)
155 ae
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( Pie reesort..C Di wien cs PA Aah OTE
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U Nittanning (C) '.. AUR eke DE
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pie 60 |
: WS Me Og ay OM Cnr ean ct ae at
‘Lleghony ad 50
250! \ L Kittanning (B) tid a ee AD
A 3O |
UNM ahh th SP ND nk Ltn RR a SD 3
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SUMMARY OF COALS BY FORMATIONS.
tJ
tsville Formation.
The Pottsville formation in southern Somerset County, contains
three or more coal beds which are extremely impure and will never be
commercially valuable. In large areas their horizon is represented
by an impure bituminous shale high in ash, and Re many small
concretions of iron carbonate and "sulphur balls
Allegheny Formation,
The Allegheny formation contains the greatest number of mineable
coals, and most of the present production in this district comes from
these beds,
Brookviiie ("A") Coal. This ade lying at the base of the
Allegheny formation and 45 feet below the Lower Kittanning, is very
METS temG. one peu averares 5° tect thick, but is only, locally of
Comercial quality, inigenerel) the) bec. is very Thiek and ise \dividedq
into many benches. by numerous shale partinges. he mercnantable coal
is high in sulphur and ash.
Clarion ("A aw Coal. This ted: lying 30 feet below the Lower
Kittanning, averages about 2 feet 8 inches thick in the entire dis-
trict. Locally PC teh fomea ba5 feet thick and a Lew commercial coal
mines have been opened in it. Farmers have mined this bed in a few
places for domestic use. The bed is characterized by many thin shale
binders and many "sulphur bails,"
Tower Kittanning ("B") Coel. This bed averages about 2 feet 4
inches thick and is fairiy clean. The sulphur and ash content is
rather high for a-‘standarda Ri eoal,. This bed is mined on Buifalo
and Coxe's creeks, and on-its eastern outerod in the Berlin-Salisbury
basin,
Middle Xittamning ("C") Coal, This nee lying 50 feet above the
Lower Kittanning, is generally extrene ly impure where thickest.
Locally the bed is less than 18 inches thick, but its ovnality is good,
This bed has not been prospected or mined in this cistrict,
Upver Kittanning Nee OE) Coal, This bed, lying 75 feet below the
Upper | Freeport, | averages 3 feet Honaoke Oe 1s" ‘mined only in localities
where it is thickest Le gs vA an a hg Buffalo, Coxe's; and Whites creeks, The
bed contains numerous shale anc bone binders end is localiy high in
ash and sulphur. When properly cleaned it is a good grade steam coal.
Lower Freeport ("D") oe The Lower Freeport’coal, lying 50
feet below the Upper Freeport, averages 3 feet thick, but is only
locally of commercial value, ‘Phis bed is mined at a few places on
Buffalo and Coxe's creeks. iyhen prices are high this bed is mined
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With varying suecess in the vicinity of Rockwood where it has a maxi-
mum thickness of 5 feet 4 inches including’impuritics, A large shale
and bone binder near the middle of the bed, which is characteristic
in most localities, increases production cost and lowers the quality
of the run-of-mine ‘goal, as this binder cannot be SO EE a nl removed
by picking,
Upper Freeport ("E") Coal, The Upper Freeport coal is mined
in the southern part of the Berlin-Salisbury basin and on Buffalo
and Coxe's creeks, .This bed is generally thin, averaging about 30
inches, and has Yairly good quality, The bed is subject. to»'’rolls"
both .on roof and bottom, which makes mining rather hazardous.
Conemaugh Coals.
The Conemaugh formation contains 18 coal beds, five of which are
locally workable, ‘These beds may have future impox “tance when the
thicker beds are exhausted,
Lower Bakerstown Coal (Thomas coal of West Virginia and
Maryland). This bed, lying 240 feet above the Upper Freeport, is
opened by farmers ’on the eastern slope of Negro Mountain. The bed
ranges from 12 inches to 2 feet 10 inches thick, Where thin the coal
is excéllent, but in most localities the bed has numerous small bone
partings,.
Upper Bakerstown Coal (Maynadier coal of Maryland). ‘This bed,
lying 40 feet above the Lower Bakerstown, averages about 2 feet
thick in the Berlin-Salisbury basin, but ‘west of Yegro Mountain its
horizon is represented by several feet of bituminous Shale, This
coal has not been prospected to any great extent, but local outcrops
indicate that it mav have some Ronin te, value.
Barton Coal. The Barton coal; lying 490 feet above the Upper
Freeport, averages 12 inches thick, and has excellent:‘quality,.
Locally it has a maximum thickness of 2 feet 6 inches, and is mined
by farmers for domestic fuel, The bed is extremely lenticular and
subject to "squeezes,"
Wellersburg Co Coal, The Wellersburg coal at its type locality
at Wellersburg in Southampton township, Somerset County, has a maxi-
mum thickness of 5 feet, It has been opened for local use, This
bed is thin and unimportant in Somerset Countv west of Allegheny
Mountain. It lies 315 feet below the Pittsburgh bed in the Berlin-
Salisbury basin,
Lonaconing Coal (Elk Lick coal of Rodgers), The Lonaconing coal,
lying about 160 feet below the Pittsburgh is very thin, except on
Elk Lick Creek where it has a maximum thicknes 35 of 4 feet and is
being mined for local use,
_Monongahela Formation.
The Monongahela formation is confined to 2 small area in the
hilltops in the Berlin~Salisbury basin.
Pittsbureh Coal, The Pittsburgh way which is now practically
exhausted, has been the greatest producer from this formation,
Mining is limited now to impure "crop" coal and the pulling of old
pildlare.
Redstone Coal, The Redstone bed, lying at an average interval
of 25 feet above the Pittsburgh bed, is now the most important coal
in the district south of Meyersdale, It averages about 4 feet thick
but is inferior in ouality to the Pittsburgh bed,
Sewickley Coal, The Sewickley and possibly the Waynesburg beds
are in the hilltops south of Meyersdale. They are thin and will
never be of commercial value because they have been leached by
Surface water, The Sewickley bed occurs also in the summits near
Ponen ie enti oernown toca lly as Pine Hill No. 1 bed... It:is being
mined and shipped as a fair grade steam coal,
i WELLERSBURG BASIN
Southampton Township,
The Wellersburg baSin is a continuation of the Georges Creek
basin in Maryland. The Georges Creek basin has produced enormous
tonnages‘of excellent steam coal for many years. Unfortunately the
main bed, the Pittsburgh, becomes dirty and inferior in quality in
the vicinity of Wellersburg. This small district has had a very
small production and has never been fully prospected. Diamond drill-
ing will probably prove that this field has one or more excellent
coal beds in the Allegheny and Conemaugh formations,
Pittsburgh Coal, PieworpauCuLOnN OL tals (istrict 3s contined
40 the) Pittsbureh bed which occurs in the hilltops north of Wellers~
bipyegs.. The bed averages 6 feet thick; but only 5. feet 6 inches is
merchantable coal, Many shale and bone partings make mining diffi-
cult and the’ coal must be picked before it is shipped, The quality
is below the standard of the Pittsburgh bed, the sulphur and ash
content being rather high.
The coals beneath the Pittsburgh bed have never been definitely
correlated with those of Maryland. The lack of zeolosic work in
this field warrants the use of information already collected by the
Maryland State Geological Survey in adjacent territory.
eee ene ees
The Little Pittsburgh coal, opened near Wellersburg, ranges from
2 feet 8 inches to @ feet 10 inches of clean coal of fair ouality,
with one 2-inch bone parting,
A bed of clean coal 20 inches thick is approximately at the
horizon of the Pranklin coal of Maryland. There are four other coal
beds in’ the Conemaugh formation, The first, in descending order, lies
425 to 440 feet below the Pittsburgh bed, and has been opened for
custom coal. It averages 4 feet thick, but is divided in the middle
by shale partings ranging from 2 inches to 2 feet thick. The second
bed lies approximately 490 feet below the Pittsburgh. It has not been
prospected, but the thickness and quality on its outcrop indicate
Slight commercial value. A coal 2 feet 10 inches thick has been
reported 585 feet below the Pittsburgh:‘bed. The lowest Conemaugh coal
lies 675 feet below the Pittsburgh bed, and averages 22 inches thick.
Its commercial possibilities are slight.
Allegheny Coals»
A coal 740 feet beneath the Pittsburgh bed has been doubtfully
correlated with the Upper Freeport. It is divided into two benches
by a shale parting 6 to 12 inches thick; the upper bench ranges from
2) to S Fest ne and the lower bench from 12 to 18 inches thick.. vy
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3 feet thick at Rockwood, including a g-inch bone parting in the
midcic and 6 inches of bone on the bottom. The corl throughout this
district is high in sulphur owing to the presence of numerous "sul-
phur” stresks and nodules,
Middle Zittanning ("C") Coal, fhe Middle Kittanning coal is
thin and unimportant in this township. Its horizon is marked by a
few inches of impure bony coal.
Upper Kittanning (not) Coal, The Upfer Kittanning coal outcrops
in the valleys of Coxe'’s Creek and Casselman River, It has been’mined
in few localities. The bed averages about 3 feet 4 inches thick,
including numerous shale partings, locally the bed is divided into
two benches by 3 to 4 fect of firc clay. The upper bench ranges from
12 to 22 inenes thick; the lower one from 2 fcet 2 inches to 2 feet 8
inches, This fire clay parting is characteristic in the vicinity of
Casselman,
Lower Freeport ("dD") Coai, The Lower Freeport coal outcrops on
the hills on the eastern bank of Coxe's Creek, and on Cassclman River
southwest of Roekwood the bed avernges about @ fect 6 inches thick,
The top bench, which is 21 inches thick, is fairly clean and is
scparated from an impure bottom bench by a bone and shale parting
averaging 18 inehes thick. The bottom bench is rercly londed for
Shipment,
Upper Freoport ("E") Coal. The Upper Freeport coal outcrops
and is mincd by drift high on the hills on the castern slope of Coxe’s
Creek and on Cassclman River southwest of Rockwood, ‘The bed varices
much in thickness and quality locally, and has no charnetcristic
impurities with the exception of small lenses of pyrite, The bed
vyarics from 2 fect 4 inches to 3 fect 8 inches thick in the Coxc's
Creck valley, A top bench ranging from 18 inches to 2 feet 6 inches
thick is fairly good coal, Below this main bench are seversl smaller
benches of coal alternating with thick bone binders. This bottom coal
i6 not mined, The coal is thickest under a shale roof,
Southern Part of Somerset Tovmship.
The Brookville ("A"), Clarion ("Af"), and Middle Kittanning ("0")
Céals are not mined in this district.
The Lowes Kittanning ("B"), Upper Xittanning (rginy and Lower
Freeport ("D") coals have been opened for local usc, These beds nre
extremely varinble in thickness and quality. During the period of
high priccs cool from those beds was hauled by wagon and londed on
Sidings, These beds are locally 3 feet thick, but decrease within
short distances to a foot or less.
' Upper Freeport ("EB") Coal. The Upper Freeport conl is mincd in
the vicinity of Somersct, where 1% averages 3 feot 6 inches thick,
The roof is bony coal, undernerth which is a bench of clem cocl
ranging from 2 to & feet thick, Beneath this clean bench is three or
four gmaller benehes of coal separated by thick bone portings. This
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coal is not mined. A small and extremely irregular "rider" bed lies
about 18 feet above the Upper Freeport, and ranges from 3 to 6 feet
thick, This coal is canneloid in character and has an'iash content
varying from 10 to 20 yer cent. At one or more places this bed is
mined and sold locally as a cannel coal.
Milford Township.
All the coals in the Allegheny formation outcrop in Milford
township. Only reconnaissance work has becn done in this vicinity,
and no definite statements ean be mde of Aes quality and thickness
the coals except in the valleys of Coxe! Creek and Cassclman
LAV 6
Lower Kittanning abe Deileded haty The Lower Kittanning coal is thin
in this district, averaging & fect 2 inches thick. Its quality is
good, the ash and Sulphur content being fairly low. The bed is
romarkably froc from impurities and is very regular in thickness.
Hast of Cassclman, along Casselman River, the Upper Kittanning coal
is a double bed separated DY atnard fire clay parting ranging from. 2
TOr, inches wnick, (The top bench is 2 fect-2. inches thick, not
including 4 inches of bony coal on the roof, The lower bench is 4
1eet 2 inches thick but has two thick bone partings. The lower 6
inches is canncloid,
Lower Freeport ("D") Coal, The Lower Freeport coal is mined on
Coxe's Creek north of Rockwood, where it averages 3 feet 6 inches
thick, } ~
‘
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F - } “ry we fhe Mime th ‘tee >| oo ¥ 4 at : cine mi) i
” 4 ne s' ‘
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neh
ron
a a
mined in mony places by drift, Its importance hos so overshrdowed
the other corls that they hnve never been prosvected to any grent
extent. They are present, but their thickness an@ quality do not
justify development at »resent, at ieast while lerge ecrsases of the
Upser Kittamning bed remain unmined. The Upper Mittanniiig coal
averages 3 feet 4 inches thick in the vicinity of Confluence. The top
24 inches is clean coal; the bottom 16 inches includes 1 4nch of shale
parting and’4 inches of bone coal at the base, At Harned.iville the
upper‘bench, 3 feet thick, is separated from the lower bey,ch 10 inches
thick, by an 8-inch fire clay parting. At Beachley the bed ranges
from 3 feet 2 inches to 4 feet thick. It is never entirel.” clean,
but the partings are not persistent. In one mine, where the total
thickness is 3 feet 8 inches, 12 inches at the top is a mix'Sure of
alternating bands of bone and coal. The remainder of the bed is clean.
At another locality the bed is 4 feet thick and is clean with the
exception of a $ inch shale parting 24 inches above the bottrm.
Upper Kittaming ("0’") Coal. The Upper Kittanning coal is mined
extensively in the vicinity of Listonburg where it ranges fron: 5 feet
to 4 feet 4 inches thick, The coal is high in sulphur and ash. With
the installation of picking tables and washeries, this distrieu. would
be able to increase its production, ship two grades of coal, and lower
the percentage of loss in mining. In this vicinity the physica.
character of the bed varies sreatly in short distances, Where thinnest
the bed usually has no characteristic impurities with the exception of
small lenses of bone and iron pyrite. Where thickest it is usually
divided into one or more benches by one or more thin bone partings,
and locally has 4 to 14 inches of bone coal on the bottom. This bone
coal is not taken up in mining, —
Shower Freeport ("D") and Upper Freeport ("E") Coals. The
reeport coals have been prospected at several points along the valley,
but only locally do they have the good quality and thickness of the ©
Upper Kittanning, The Upper Freeport coal probably is the better bed,
but rarely is over 2 feet thick. It is mined in the vicinity of
somerfield where the bed ranges from 4 to 6 feet thick, including a
clay parting in the middle ranging from 16 inehes to 2 feet 4 inches
thick. The upper bench is a good cuality of coal, but the lower bench
is locally very impure. The geology of this district has not been
studied in detail, and as the reports of prospecting are very meager
it is impossible to give any definite information, Numerous outcrops
indicate that two or more beds may have future value as they may be
mined in ¢gonjunction with beds of limestone and fire clay.
-~ 18 -
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i Na wa ie eae eae ee OS Bete ah meta Cs
i ‘ ee ak Se Pe ee JOO Re, ba hs eotata phan tM < e ”
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Bed
1. Sewickley
2. Redstone
3e Redstone
4, Redstone
5. Pittsburgh
6, Pittsburgh
7. fLettsburgh
8. Pittsburgh
9,- Pittsburgh
10, Barton
ll. Lb, Bakerstown
iz, i, Bakerstow
eye Moe EEG DONG
i4, U, Freeport
tia Uy Preeport
16, UU, BPreeport
Lt, U, @respost
18, Up reeport.t -
toe Ue hi toanning
20, . U. Kittanning
el, -U, Kittanning
fo.) Meee Vannin Ss
eo, Us Kittanning
bo. Ly citvanning
20, iL, Kittanning
26, - gekittannineg
Per) eae Onn Oe
28, iy Kittanning
29, L, cittanming
5O,)) Clarion
Locations from which samples were obtained are shown by
eorresponding numbers on following page.
TABLE OF ANALYSES.
eae es
Babess
13904
13016
13243
Lame
14163
14108
oie
12623
13316
14060
WOO 90
La7 96
13240
13620
13690
13470
13343
13269
13361
13284
Loied
13157
13887
13980
3607
13758
12924
13005
13637
Loen9
Noe rae i ion
ave ae t aheehdegg antes laid Tee
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Mines and Sample Locations.
Ce a a en a i ee a ete
No. Company Mine Location
1.4, Consolidation Coal Noyite Pine Hill, 2 mi ‘sW
2. Meyersdale Fuel No. 3 Meyersdale, 6 mi. S
3. Grassy Run Coal Grassy Run No. 1 Salisbury, 23 mi. NW
4, Consolidation Coal No. 105 Shaw Mines
5. Boynton Coal Co. Chapman No. 3 Salisbury; 3/4 mi. W
6. Meyersdale Fuel Merchants No. 3 Salisbury, le mi. NE
7. Consolidation Coal No, 104 Shaw Mines:
8. HE. Statler & Son Statler Meyersdale, = mi. NW
2. Consolidation Coal No. 113 Pine Hills Gami sow
10, Ward Compton Country Bank Salisbury? 2 mi. NW
ll. Henry Opal Country Bank salisbury,’‘3 mi. NW
12. Black Coal Co, Black Meyersdale; S mi. MW
LS, Fike Country Bank Meyerscale; S mi. 5
14. Lloyd Engle Country Bank Meyersdale, ls mi. SE
15. Handwerk Country Bank Summit Millis; 3 mi. NW
16. Johnson i Country Bank Summit Mills, ¢ mi. NW
174° iMcAllen Coal Garey Garrett, (do. ini i
18. Quemahoning Coal No, 10 Rockwood, # mi. W
19. Tri-State Collieries Garrett Slope Garrett, lg mi. N
20, Marine Smokeless Coal Marine Casselman, = mi. W
el, Ursina Fuel Mill Mine Ursina
22. UListonburg Coal . Miller Listonburg-
25, ------ Linmer Confluence, 43 mi. SE
24. Davis Prospect Salisbury, 3‘mi. NW
25. Brothers Valley Coal Fen Mar No. 2 MacDonaldton, 15 mi. SW
e6, Brothers Valley Coal Pen Mar No. 3 MacDonaldton
27. M, A. Sriyder Snyder Markleton, + mi. 3
25. J, M. Murdock & Son Milford No, 2 Rockwood; 6 mi. N
29, MeGregor Coal MeGregor No. Rockwood, 4 mi. N
30, Atlantic Coal Atlantic Ne. Garrett, 5 mi. NW
wn
2 077640487