fe ¥.65)4: fi bu. 37 Wi } i] f~ LIT?) n Bulletin No. 39 M. M. LEIGHTC May 20, 1922. COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA ee ee eee ne ae et reece DEPARTMENT OF INTERNAL SPFAIRS James fF. Woodward, Secretary eee ; BUREAU OF TOPOGRAPHIC AND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY r George H. Ashley, State Geologist ee oa a nt en pe a eae te ee ne a re ee te enn een a ne ee 4 Dh Of IIT a THR D AP Cty Th : COAL RESERVES IN ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIS ° BY Introduction, In connection with the "Introduction to the Bituminous Coal Pields of Pennsylvania" now being prepzred for publication by the Pennsylvania Geclogical Survey, coal reserves of the bituminous Tieids are being computed by Mr. John ¥. Recse. In order to render this information available at once without waiting for the uncertain Gate of printing the report, an abstract of Mr. Reese's figures for Armstrong County is given herewith. All of the information readily ‘available at this time has been used in the computation, which | followed the methods used by the Land Classification Boare of the : United States Geological Survey in its valuation of the public coal . Jands, The resuits are given by beds for each township. sor some beds and for some areas the data are abundant and the results entire- ly reliable. For other beds and areas the data are meager and the results subject to revision as additional data are obtained. All the data used and the computation sheets are permoently filed so that modifications of the original figures can be made readily when re- quired by additional information. The figures presented are preliminary and subject to correction for any srea when that area shall be studied in detail. In the mean- time critical exsmination of the figures is invited in order that thc results may be made as accurate as possible. To that end the Survey Will welcome Every bit of information not now in its possession. Records of drillings and other data will be kept strictly confiden- tial if so desired, although the Bureau miturally prefers to be able to use data freely, George H. Ashley. <4 ic ‘ ta j ty { j i | Ay ’ eg ’ { q * huh : } i ' ‘fi z i \ j ‘ . \ 4 is ! | ) ‘ ‘ . ’ . ’ a | f ie 4 - +? yf j ) ae oy ye 5 4 f fi Weert i 4 S744 7 ‘ 1% 4 { Lv, 5 Y i , a iy Fi ‘ 4 on wd " 4 ; Pas ¥ Var? AS ¢ ( ‘ ed \ \) ) aR ACC ee 7 ot aa ’ ‘ : ‘ pe ; . Ay eth ae i \ 5 H ‘ } F, nd t ah \ aude: ¥, iy nt 2K Bil ip: ‘ ‘ i BVA A ok i. i 5 74 \ 1 ¥ i } ) f 4 4 y rare Ae { wie Al ewe ) : ah ip hai Donne ath f t¢ } leat, " L \ i\ Ny aN } v7 { i eae { { ’ | { 4 "i { qt Oa ; \ { “i f HF I ‘ 4 re | ; f i \ {44 RL y l { : | ny i D «7, i I j { ( : ti j ; ; ai { 4 ray wie N ey a py py ’ SU 4 ey n ‘ r bY, eh pe m ws h } "i i ia a Ure oS , " A \ : ‘ : ou n 1 fi " F , ‘ (™ ' ae : ‘ . en! i : in ] i " ‘ fete ‘ ‘ eet ‘ » / . wl ‘ ry) ey i Al f rf i a. I i) ie \ ; i ih hy Nd Wi f , Tht Haas ath | Ney i) Tei " WW ij , ty i ya ANNA ey | Ta va eel J, (nid Nainy yp Me rivalt il Ra i i ee) + Ve \ JE nt ! ‘ Wh dl dif ’ Ue ¢ " Me A Ky ‘ eit Lit Dee ) Te ] ‘4 } ' ‘ aha Vy re UND ' wl iw : tated if AP aid i ’ { hi Age Pie ‘ _. i ; Cian i oe - (eis ) r ( ‘ ' ik 1 ely A f phih We a Prati ah \ ‘ , f t he t LA / ‘ , yh ar eats CA i i , her | " i i 4 } 4 elu Wi tT } Ne te My AMIS ARON |) ‘ y 4 i aye ite? JOG as atl aia) Ah uit s a ae fen. ery Bia 4 fine COAL PLD Ss Armstrong County has six cosl beds that are now of economic interest. In order of present importance as shipping cosls they are ° the Upper Freeport, Lower Kittanning, Upper Kittanning, Lower Freeport, Pittsburgh, and Brookville. Upper Freeport coal. The extensive development and outcrop of this bed throughout the county have furnished many measurements of its thickness, making possible en accurate estimete of quantity. The percentage of this bed that can be recovered is governed by the sequence in which the Upper and Lower Freeport coals are mined. If the Lower Freeport bed is worked first and pillars are drawn, the Overlying rocks will cave and break the Upper Freeport bed, thereby Causing 2 partial smd in mony places complete loss of that "coal. The Upper Freeport bed contains tlhe second greatest reserve with- in the county, and is the largest producer, yielding more thon 3,500 ,000 +ons ejinuailly. Lower Ai btannins ze conl. Ghroughout the townships in the northern half of the cov Ricna this coal ouverops a fair amount of informa- Gion 2s to its thickness and rersistency is availeble. For the town- Ships in the southern half, datn are meager, and 2 general average &sec on trickneuses in surround ing sreas was adopted, snd a low pter- eenti7ea of recovery allovied because the extent and thickness of this bed are not known. This bed contains the greatest conl reserve within the county, and renks second in production with a total of over 1,500,0CO tons nanually. Uprer Kittanning coal. Little information 2s to the extent and thickness of this bed is available, except from its recognized out- crop end development in a few localities, This bed is extremely variable as to section and thickness, attaining srest heiekt in local troughs or channels 200 to 500 yerds in width, and thinning 10) 2 inches or less at trough limits It is known as the "Pot Vein" beceuse of this peculiarity, The Upper Kittenning bed in these troughs is a cannel coal, with 24 inches and les3 of bituminous coal under the cannel. Where available measurements shor sufficient thickness for mining, the writer assumed the presence of smell workable areas con~ tiguous to the place of messurement. The ovantity of coral was com- puted from the 2verrge thickness of the ‘hed in thet vicinity. A low percentage of recovery has been adopted, owin2 to the extreme varia- bility of this bed, and lack of knowleage as to its persistency and extent. The Upper Kittsenning cool as computed in this report is fifth in size of reserve in the county, anc ranks third in production with 4 total of over 300,000 tons annually, Lower thd as coal. A feir number of measurements of the thickness of this coal sre available from its outcrop and development, making possible a fash iy accurate computation of quantity. ye ax j= % } : y ; - yan * nie oy Fs gn WY } ‘ veut Ae + aay “ ’ hn h gies? dé WAN tt yi \ ‘ a a : m wi nan : ‘ { ‘hah COA o ‘ 4 bi i peat . - . : } f is ; “ahey we snot if i a ere ‘ ? t a a 7 F ; i , 9 7 ‘oat a Tr! ‘ eo ‘ A + j oP 4h A eo Y ie A. + Kee . , 1 i 6.8 W } } 4 a BA 4 ‘ : ag t% j \ i nh) Pe a ei a ue Tht OF ia vey a b hi ef at Ue er, % iy eee af , nt ; a" Pe ees f iy ‘ | 4S Meret * Maree {a 4 } ‘ SA " : \ ei¢ « ; ; M, i ‘y : , ae A i i ‘ * if ; ey hy TAPAS Ger! + “- : : a . ‘ i : , ‘ J 4 ae ¢ R M Pe j ‘ { ry / Cae sv x fi : oe a we fs i 4 ‘ ae , H R ‘ ; ' , s a ; : f t had Py aia pat CRTs ‘ 4 } Hy By ‘ id a Cand : sat. AP yy si Le, 4 hy db ; 4 ae L ' “" iy ¥ ; bod f } " " . ‘ . Yat "| . y “rn ae \ “wr h 7 } i iy Ae 1 _ #* f Cay, oe ‘ } r j ; * é F BS 4 J K can : f ‘ ‘ f » i oe qe i % j ve t } 4 ‘ Laie “Vit. See oe u 7 : oy : wre ' s H ee | , 2 it he " F Ait yt Rh a is 7) "ie si ad er . U y F " ’ * at i) la ay fy es ? ey es sia Tw te f y " 4 Kure oh pa EW tony £4 j : ’ . ht hice ; i 9s ry : ie i i atin! te OOS ae 4" re 3s ade anne i “a - F % P, F iPM i 8 ae Vena ey ee) ei ‘shee y) . me ¥ py b tong } | ed wv “aya ; I ’ it Aspe : j : 4 ‘ vy ; r ie } ae ' ‘ if 2 ‘ ' 4 i y ‘ */ () La { [ d \ ’ } ae ars OREO OE ee ed } ay ahh ‘ ii t POSER rt Vane x ea r ; ‘ pale een 1 ; : » Wy at , ; A i“ if es (8 At vie / TA Oa 4 a ’ ; et ay } 1a i \ 2 ‘%. bw . s * J « ; G af , wih ae AY ai ; wale , ae. AP Abe ‘ vq . ¥ if a) M4 yi y yr ong i i ‘ aa ft ae A hat: « q 47) 2 . f v4 ; f est fobs: aeue ‘ e% i ¢ ie . oy 4 i Nite ee io eee th) i + \ 7 V el | Le es aia or oh (ee Aber Te ey eee vif bie 8 , ‘ | | i Mi { i, Pe WM Alaiye Having calculated the quantity of cosl originally contained Within the area of any bed and subtracted the quantity already mined out, the writer dotermined from engineering experience the probable percenta ee of each bed which could be recovercd in Gifferent locali- ties. This varies from 60 to 90 per cent, depending on the thickness and-character of the bed. The quantity of coal computed to be in any bed, multiplied by the assumed percentage of recovery, less 15 per cent for loss in mining, gives the estimated recoverable tonnage. Coal Reserves. The area of Armstrong County is 682.2 square miles, The result of computing the conl reserves in Armstrong County based on the latest maps, engineering data, and methods is shown in the accompanying tabless. -One table gives the estimated recoverable tonnage by beds end townships. The tizurcs have been given 2s computed, It should however be distinctly understood that wnile the acreage of énch ot the beds has been : seourstely computea, the reliability of the avernge thickness of the coals used in the computstion of tonnage decreases for the beds in th order Following: Pittsburgh, Upper Freeport, Lower Kittanning, lower Freeport, Upper xittanning, end Brookville. Thus, while the figures for the Pittsburgh bed are conservative and probably reliable, the figures for the Brookville coal may be much too small or many "times too large. Coal Reserves in Armstrong County in Short Tons. Bed Original Deposit Mined out Recoverable Pittsburgh > 17,500 ;000 13,900 , 000 2,800 ,000 U. Freeport 1,288,300,000 60,350,000 94% 000 ,000 L. Freeport 607,000, 000 5,000, 000 387,100,000 U. Kittenning 131,500,000 4,500,000 69,900,000 L. Kittanning 1,541,200,000 23,510,000 1,001 ,000,000 Brookville 165,200,000 3O , 000 87 , 300, 000 Total 3,750,700 , 000 107,290, 000 2 491,100,000 a ee a a le a a te a | et er ee ee ee —————— 5 , 4 A, i hy , on 2 obeet y Oe Toe ¥ v4 ne 4p g ; Me at a Sots 1 we ii K Ng? we es es . . ; Ae a. aD dr i . uh ; OTe te GLE eRe Knog a ae " Aivctbarys * RANA OK t 8) 1) t wh ht VES 4 4 ti SE AN “AR aN ke PE SE vical bi i ' f le ae nS RER Hi hy a 8 rebate Rae uh Ni 4 Sad ey a ; : Bin ‘ A cee ike aca pr ¢ a nie a, thant WMO 'f WAC ah uy ay ) ‘ fh eek ea ch we WR Fates EA oa aie PINE ARR RE RI AP ara ae * Ae a | Hay ; y) an 5 wie’ rk ke Gah i: NIC eae i Re Saban bey ah iy ay SUNT ae sat i ¥ Tr . 4 4 Ue ‘ 7 hades , " ' STRAY. 1 Ma Gt p », oN a iy TN a | Oe 4 ie A “ ia ‘ ‘ ‘ ) bag { \ A ¥ ) , , \y } f ih ie ng Ny ; : Pr RAINES iv ps , 4 wh aru Wire ioe @ ) ‘ dis NO ; 4) ij } . y or i . 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