Oak Street UNCLASSIFIED Univer “Ilinois W SKETCH MAP 27 OF AMPS Ty —J ie - Munstead. o 9Ellingham ¢ Ringwood. Lyndhurst NewForest aan A ae ec Eversley ° Bramshill Parle olilvetham “ OKs Fae é > WVinchfield, | i, Basing stolce pAbdershot Camp 8 /Odiham e fai °Whilchurch HurstbournePrigys Winslade, Se Wiad peaughl ollerriar« Bentley ° StrattonFark, Lassham ‘ l) °Mitcheldever “5 cD dea on Stacey Bentworth » “Alton Woolmer Forest Selborne p Gaye) ie — ' fo) S. Tisted | x oHa whey rd aa ‘i “Peter streld ; i 1° Buriiton iN \ Trae - HULL STITUTION ST] ni scoWw Y/Y — is ay 2 a6 LA bees Xe hadon de Ste Wren Ry. J. Bartholomew, Edin” LONDON, BRIGHTON, & SOUTH COAST RAILWAY. eae eeeeees>s +O NY THE DIRECT MID-SUSSEX LINE. The Shortest and Quickest .Main Line Route to or from the City and West End of London and the Isle of Wight. BOATS from RYDE and also from COWES, connecting with Fast Trains Direct to London Bridge and Vietoria, (The City and West End Stations.) Portsmouth Harbour Station and Pier. This New Station enables Passengers to walk direct from Train to Boat, and vice versa, under a covered platform. Ryde Pier Railway. Isle of Wight Trains now run to »A Gtatian Aesaatin with the Throngch Service Founded 1863 — Opened De wel 212 € Seles Me ais 7° .on Gimour &Dean lith Glaséev. ict Railways. London Bridge Station connects with the Charing Cross, Cannon Street, and South Eastern Railway. Bookine & Enquiry Orrices.—Ryde: the Pier; Messrs. Curtis and Son’s, Hsplanade ; Messrs. Pickford and Co.’s, 71 Union Street. Ventnor: Messrs. Pickford and Co.’s, High Street ; Messrs. Curtis and Son’s, Spring Hill, and Brighton Railway Offices, 35 and 55 High Street. All the Isle of -Wight Railway Stations. Newport : Railway Station ; the Company’s Office, High Street (adjoining the Bugle Hotel) ; Messrs. Pickford and Co.’s, 113 St. James Street. Cowes: the Company’ s Office on the Pier. Portsea: the Company’s District Agent, 4 Ordnance Row. Southsea: General Booking and Enquiry Office, 4 Marmion Road. és Ask for through Tickets by “ South Coast Railway.” LONDON BriIpGE StaTion. J. P. KNIGHT, Gen. Manager. ILLINOIS STATE UNIVERSITY | a H2B551887 STX 4a BLACK § GUIDE TO HAMPSHIRE$10TH ED. $EDIN INNA phd ILLINOIS STATE UNIVERSITY NORMAL, ILLINOIS MILNER LIBRARY BLACK’S GUIDE TO HAMPSHIRE 7 @ / a a 9 em, 2H . + : : say The Editor will be giad to receive any notes or co Tourists using this Guide-book. Communications: “to the Publishers. . 4 # pat i cee tig: é ; j - F : ‘ P . PLN, ~ J 5 a . > . “~¢ “ x 1 @AILLIES INSTITUTION SLasgowy ‘ + l -_., ‘ & i = i ‘ od = re say - ® ‘ > i; 4 / . x ae - ouly = + : ‘ " << 7 J Ra pe 9s Was § ay \ ty A A ah he WINCHESTER CATHEDRAL. BLACK’S GUIDE TO HAMPSHIRE INCLUDING DESCRIPTIONS OF SOUTHAMPTON AND NETLEY ABBEY, PORTSMOUTH, WINCHESTER AND SALISBURY, NEW FOREST, ETO. ia fo BELLIES ( INSTITUTION } TENTH EDITION EDINBURGH ADAM AND CHARLES BLACK MDCCOLXXXVII CONTENTS. ——4—— SOUTHAMPTON : 2 Netley Abbey : ; Southampton to Pecnouth , PORTSMOUTH ; : : GOSPORT . ° : . ‘ Environs of Portsmouth WINCHESTER Winchester to Alton and Selborne ° Winchester to Bishops Waltham Winchester to Stockbridge . Winchester to Southampton Southampton to Dunbridge and Salisbury (Wiltshire) by Romsey . The NEw ForREST . ; . Ringwood to Christchurch . : CHRISTCHURCH ; a 3 BOURNEMOUTH Ringwood to Fordingbridge . North Hampshire—Line of London and South: Western Balivee Basingstoke and Neighbourhood Basingstoke to Silchester Basingstoke to Winchester . ; Basingstoke to Overton and Andover Andover to Amesbury (Wiltshire) . Andover to Newbury (Berkshire) . Petersfield and Havant « ’ . ea tie pa sito - 114 - 120 122 124 ceedoL Sabloe 141 - 144 » 148 » 149 . 152 INTRODUCTION. ——— Tue County of Southampton or Hampshire, exclusive of the Isle of Wight, comprises an area of 1,938,764 acres, or 1467 square miles, With the exception of the Emborne and Black- water streams, which, for a few miles on the north and north- east, divide it from Berks and Surrey, and the waters of the English Channel on the south, its limits are not defined by natural features. Speaking roughly, it is a rectangle, measur- ing about 40 miles from north to south, and about 38 miles from east to west. The northern half of the county is crossed by the chalk ranges that, entering it from Surrey and Sussex, here approach one another and trend to the north-west. The north-east corner of the county is occupied by the London clay and Bagshot sands, and these formations are largely developed in the south-west, where the New Forest is wholly on the Bagshot beds. This rough outline of the geology of the county gives, of course, an indication of its physical features and scenery. The chalk district is marked by the usual rounded hills, and these rise to the maximum height of that formation; in Butser Hill, 927 feet, near Petersfield ; Sidon Hill, 940 feet, near Highclere ; and Inkpen Beacon, 973 feet, which is just across the Berkshire borders. This portion of the county is for the most part treeless, and only a small area is now under natural grass. It is in the neigh- bourhood of Kingsclere chiefly that it has remained unbroken a vi PREFACE. by the plough. The north-east corner, and a fringe along its northern edge, is well wooded, but of slight elevation. In the south of the county there is, in Portsdown Hill, a small protrusion of the chalk, but, with this exception, the south and south-west sections belong to the woodlands. The rivers, or rather streams, of Hampshire are unimportant, save from an angler’s point of view. ‘The largest stream is the Avon, which for some miles keeps just within the south- west border, and enters the sea in conjunction with the Stour at Christchurch. The Anton, or Test, and the Itchen, which both rise in the chalk district south-west of Basingstoke, empty themselves into Southampton water. The rest of the streams are little more than brooks, and of these the Beaulieu, a New Forest stream, alone need be mentioned. The scenery of the county is considerably varied. The chalk district, as seen from the railway between Basingstoke and Andover or Winchester, is somewhat bare, but about Kingsclere the steep and rounded hills form a pleasing feature, and the river valleys of the Itchen and Test contain many scenes of great beauty. The woodland country of the north-east and south- west, and the rich pastures in the Romsey district, are, how- ever, the most attractive to the tourist. The former offers him within a small area the splendid park of Highclere (Earl of Carnarvon), the extensive and interesting ruins of Sil- chester, and the wild heaths and woods about Bramshill and Eversley, which will long be associated with the memory of Charles Kingsley. The New Forest is the great feature of the south-west district ; and the lover of wild heaths, fine timber, and deep sequestered glades, will there find ample scope to ramble, if he will, for days or weeks, remote from the innovations of modern times. The New Forest offers especially a rich harvest to the botanist and entomologist, and though during NST PREFACE. a A inks LOU Stee nel the summer it attracts large numbers of visitors to Lyndhurs and Brockenhurst, it is so large that any one desirous of so doing may ramble alone quite undisturbed. The antiquities of the county, especially Roman ones, are numerous ; besides Silchester, already mentioned, there are others at Porchester (walls), Woodcote (pavements), Bitterne (remains of Clausentum). Of the earlier inhabitants we have the entrenchments of Beacon and Ladle Hills, near Kings- clere; Berry Hill, near Andover; Quarley and Danebury, near Grateley, on the Wiltshire border ; and Old Winchester Hill, midway between Petersfield and Bishops Waltham. Of ecclesiastical buildings there are a noble Cathedral at Winchester, the conventual Churches of Romsey, St. Cross, Christchurch, Beaulieu, not to mention more than a dozen Norman buildings, and the possibly Saxon work of Cor- hampton and Headbourne Worthy. The beautiful Early English ruins of Netley Abbey must also be mentioned. Of old houses there are Norman ones at Southampton, Christ- church, and Warnford; and of later work, the remains at Titchfield are of much interest. The Vine (near Basingstoke), unlike Titchfield, is still inhabited, and of the same date, early sixteenth century. Bramshill is Jacobean. There are no great show of houses or art-collections, but, apart from the claims which it has on the lovers of the picturesque, no county can be considered lacking in attractions to the tourist that, in addition to the antiquities we have named, can boast such interesting towns as Winchester, Southampton, and Portsmouth. The sea-coast of Hampshire, though without bold features, is very picturesque, and, owing to the protec- tion of the Isle of Wight, unusually safe for marine excursions. The two chief watering-places are Southsea and Bournemouth, and for those who desire less-frequented sea-side quarters there are Hayling Island, Anglesea, Muddiford, and Southborne- Vili PREFACE. on-Sea. ‘The angling waters of the county are famous for their trout, and at Winchester, for instance, day-tickets, etc., can be obtained; but most of the fishing is of such high quality that it is either in private hands or rented by clubs. The history of the county takes us back to the earliest days of English story. Mr. Freeman suggests that the shire took its name from Southampton rather than from Win- chester, because, perhaps, the latter city, from some special prerogative, may have been excluded from forming part of the general territory. Down to the year 1265 Winches- ter retained much of its importance, but in that year it was sacked by the younger De Montfort, and a little later on, under Edward I., it ceased to be a royal residence. It never recovered these events, and with its decline the national importance of the county declined also. The rise of Ports- mouth as the first naval arsenal, from the reign of Henry VIII. downwards, has in a measure connected once more the history of the shire intimately with that of the country at large ; but few stirring events have occurred within its borders. During the Civil War Winchester was a bone of contention, and the pertinacious loyalty of the defender of Basing House will never be forgotten ; but, with these excep- tions, Hants has happily had little share in supplying the “drum and trumpet” to modern English annals, The county is almost entirelyin the diocese of Winchester, and belongs to the western circuit. There are six parlia- mentary divisions, each returning 1 member, viz, East (Petersfield), New Forest, North (Basingstoke), South (Fare- ham), West (Andover) and Isle of Wight; the borough of Christchurch returns 1 member, Portsmouth 2, Southampton 2, and Winchester 1 :—Total representation, 12 members, The population in 1871 amounted to 544,447, and in 1881 to 593,470. @mete’s \ ENSTITUTION | \Siagcot~ T eI 72 Lm 2 na ere a we 0g 8 Ay “3 * er ay y s ee bs Sr sles. - nee hep ante Rs oD ait 2 Pe) vg Sead = Anta. i t-/ Se, Gi 8 Lord a4, Wood! ye fg te) em a eee red ae tH 6 . = be ate gate a ene oP fre YS —~ ig \ \ ‘ \ \N \ Pite\\ YH, LS: y | Crna iS } iis 00,4 \. j a ie XA | a | - LE ‘ton. im —— 2 WG Rooms Spa Bay | New Forest SQ ced Seale of 42 a Mile. 4 SOUT H AjM P \ i F 9 2 : o : . rot PRES Ree x ¢ 2 SSS ee a —————SS = es SSS) : ‘ taal J Barthclamew, Bdin™ : nT FUTION Lascow Published ty A.& C. Black, Hdinburgh. SOUTHAMPTON. Hotels: Royal in Above Bar Street; South-Western, Radley’s, both near the Docks Station ; Dolphin, Star, and Crown in High Street; Pier, and Castle near the pier. Distances: London, 79; Winchester, 18; Salisbury, 27; Portsmouth, 24; Lymington, 16; Romsey, 7; Ringwood, 20; Cowes, 16; Beaulieu, 6; Broadlands, 7; Netley Abbey, 3 ; Lyndhurst (New Forest), 74. POPULATION 60,051 (males 28,382, females 31,669). 4a Tramears run to the various suburbs. Itchenis connected with Southampton by a floating bridge. There is a ferry to Hythe, and communication by steamer with Cowes, Ryde, and Portsmouth. From its central position and importance as a leading town in the county in which it is situated, we commence our description with the town of Southampton, which, lying at the head of a shel- tered and navigable estuary, seems to have been destined by nature for a career of prosperity. It stands upon a gravelly soil and rising ground. The Itchen flows past it on the east, and the Test or Anton on the west, uniting their streams in the great basin of the Southampton Water, which ebbs and flows with the tide through a pleasantly wooded country for seven miles from its mouth at Calshot Castle. Opposite that mouth rises the beautiful Isle of Wight, sheltering it from the gales and stormy seas of the south, and causing by its interruption of the main tidal wave a comparatively long continuance of high water at Southampton. Few cities can boast a fairer landscape than that which greets the tourist when, standing on Southampton Pier, he looks out over the broad water of the estuary, and the swelling . B 2 SOUTHAMPTON. uplands and ample meadows which stretch beyond, as far even as the waving masses of the New Forest. With its earlier annals we need not much concern ourselves. We know that the Norse rovers often sailed up its noble river ; and that it often bore the galleys of the Romans. At Bittern, on the opposite banks of the Itchen to Southampton, was the Roman Station of Clausentum ; but Southampton itself seems to have been founded by the West Saxons, soon after the landing of Cerdic and Cynric on its shores in 495. When it gave its name to the county is uncertain, but the first mention of “Hamtunscyre” appears in the Saxon Chronicle, anno 755. King Athelstane established a mint at Southampton, and it had already excited the cupidity of the Danish marauders, who, both in 838 and 860, made unsuccessful descents upon it. At the time of the Domesday survey, Southampton, from its convenient position, became the principal point of transit for Normandy.* Henry I. granted the borough a charter, which Henry II. confirmed and enlarged, but the oldest one extant is that bestowed by John, afterwards extended by Henry III. In 1295 it first returned representatives to Parliament. In 1338 it was plundered by the French, Genoese, and Spaniards, with a fleet of fifty galleys, but soon recovered its prosperity, was strongly fortified, and in 1345, was able to contribute towards the royal navy a quota of 21 ships, manned by 576 mariners, when Portsmouth could furnish but five. Several expeditions for Normandy and Guienne left Southampton during the reigns of the Plantagenets, and Edward III. embarked from hence on that campaign which was crowned by the splendid victory of Crecy. Calshot Castle and Netley Fort were erected by Henry VIII. in 1541. Edward V1. visited the rich merchant-city in 1552. Philip * At the epoch of the Norman Conquest, Southampton produced (says old tradition) a notable hero, Sir Bevis the Saxon, who retreated to Wales, gathered together an army, was defeated at Cardiff, and finally fled to Car- lisle. The early ballad-writers have surrounded this mythic warrior with an atmosphere of wonderful fable. Sir Bevis and his horse Hirondelle—which gave name to the town of Arundel—both died on the same day. Sir Bevis is interred in Arundel Park ; and an elevation, near Southampton, is regarded as his monument. It is still called Bevis Mount. SOUTHAMPTON. 3 II. landed here in 1554, on his route to the ill-omened bridals at Winchester. Mass was celebrated at Holyrood Church, in thanksgiving for his safe arrival, and he afterwards drank, for the first time, of good English beer. Queen Elizabeth held a court at it in 1569. The port then boasted of 60 vessels, and the town could equip 420 men-at-arms. Prince Charles lodged at a house (No. 17) in the High Street in 1605, and James II. hurried through its streets in 1686. At this time the prosperity of Southampton suffered a tem- porary decline owing to the growth of Poole and Portsmouth, and it was almost decimated by the plague in 1695. We hear little of it again until the great war broke out between England and France. Encampments were then formed upon Shirley, Bursledon, and Netley Commons; the Duke of York was a fre- quent visitor, and some villas were erected in its pleasant suburbs. The modern prosperity of Southampton dates from the open- ing of the Lonpon and SoutH-WESTERN RarLway in 1839. The Docks were commenced in the following year, and the tide first admitted to them in 1842 ; and its subsequent rapid growth illustrates the extraordinary development of English commerce. In visiting the city, the first point to which we would accompany the tourist is St. Micnant’s Cuurca, the most ancient in South- ampton, having Norman tower-arches, and its nave and chancel in the Perpendicular style of architecture. The font, of black marble, is curiously carved, and dates from about 1150. The church contains the mutilated figure of a Christian ecclesiastic of the eleventh century, and the monument of Lord Chief-Justice Sir Richard Lyster, who died in 1556. There is also a brass eagle lectern supposed to have been made about 1450, There are many quaint old timbered houses in different parts of the town. At No. 17 High Street, a room richly carved throughout contains a chimney-piece of solid oak, with the initials I. R., and the date 1605. A curious roof and staircase may be seen in the Rep Lion Inn. At Waust Quay, the corner of Blue Anchor Lane, stands a house, probably the oldest remaining in England, where both King John and Henry III. resided. On the west side of St. Michael’s Square is a timber house where, it is said Henry VIII. and Queen Anne lodged on their visit to South- ampton. 4 SOUTHAMPTON. The ancient TowN WALLS may next be examined. At the north-west angle rises a high tower, originally circular, and south of this rises the long venerable range of massy wall, temp. John, throwing abruptly out of its centre a semicircular tower, with loop-holes, and a high parapet, still known as the ARUNDEL TowsrrR, from Sir John Arundel, who repulsed the French in 1370. onsyrumi SGOW The Avpir Hovss, in the High Street, was built abouta century since; the —ASGON floor until recently was used as a poultry and meat market, but the whole has lately been converted into municipal offices. In the council chambers on the first floor is kept the civic regalia, consisting of six maces, a silver oar, and numerous seals and records ; also a list of mayors and sheriffs of the borough from the year 1416; and an ancient library, which is open to the inhabitants, free of charge, every day. The New Gaot (Early Tudor), in St. Mary’s Street, is calculated to hold 110 prisoners, and the interior arrangements resemble the Model Prison at Pentonville. It was completed at a total cost of £21,000. THE Royau SoutHampron New Yacutr Cuius-Hovse is situated in Portland Terrace, near the Prince of Wales Theatre. The annual regatta is held in July. The Royal Assembly Rooms are very spacious. The Victoria Spa is within the grounds, and furnishes one of the finest chalybeate waters in the kingdom. The Custom-House, the Corn-Exchange, the County Court-House, and the Royal South Hants Infirmary, are handsome buildings in their several styles of architecture. The Docks are extensive, were incorporated by an Act of Parliament obtained in 1836, and first opened in the year 1842. The quay line is 5500 feet in length. The great Trpat Dock covers 16 acres, with an entrance of 150 feet wide, and adjoining it is a close dock of 10 acres. Two new docks, comprising an area of 50 acres, will greatly add to the prosperity of the port. A new quay, 1720 feet long, has recently been constructed. There are three GRAvING Docks, one of which is capable of receiving the largest vessel ever yet built. The warehouses are large and extensive, and cattle lairs and an abattoir have lately been constructed. These docks form the point of the mud land presented by Henry II. to the corpora- tion of the town, and the site was purchased by the company for £5000. Within the boundaries are various manufacturing establishments, including the Royal Mail Company’s engine factory, and a sugar refinery, etc. The Vicroria Pier, erected in 1832, was opened by the Queen in person. It is 1000 feet long, 36 feet wide, built of timber, and cost £10,000. The New Custom Hovss is at the eastern entrance of the Platform, near the Close Dock. The EpucaTionaAL InstiTuTions include the Hartley Institution, a fine building in the Italian style, in High Street, founded by bequest, and opened in 1862, embracing a library, reading-room, museum, art-gallery, laboratories, and schools of science and art in connection with South Kensington; the Edward VI. Grammar School, founded in 1550, and reorganised in 1875 ; Alderman Taunton’s School, founded in 1752, and lately remodelled ; the Diocesan School, and the Girls’ School of Industry. The School Board was established in 1871. Among the Worruiss of Southampton may be mentioned,—Dibdin the song writer, Bishop Peacocke the oriental traveller, Bishop Lake, Thomas Fuller, born 1557, and Dr. Watts, born 1674, who was educated at the grammar school. To the north of Above Bar Street is the Park, the western division of which contains a monument to Isaac Watts, and the eastern division monuments to Alderman Andrewes and Lord Palmerston. Half a mile farther north is Southampton Common, embracing a great variety of woodland scenery. It is surrounded by a carriage-drive, and includes a racecourse, as well as the reservoirs. Adjoining it is the cemetery. Beyond is Buvis Mount, traditionally pointed out as the tomb of the 8 NETLEY ABBEY. Southampton hero. The most interesting associations are sug- gested by Lord Peterborough, the chivalric general of the War of Succession,—that remarkable illustration of the poet’s maxim, ‘“‘ Great wits to madness sure are near allied,”— who spent here the last years of his changeful life, with his wife, the actress Anastasia Robinson, gardening and building, and ‘ taming the genius of the stubborn plain Almost as quickly as he conquer’d Spain.” At this “wild, romantic cottage,’ now no more, he was often visited by Pope and Swift, with whom he maintained a lively ‘correspondence. On the right bank of the Itchen, about two miles from the town, may be seen the ruins of the Priory of Sr. Denys, a house of Augustinian canons founded by Henry I, which had, at one time, the control of most of the Southampton churches. At the Suppression, however, its assumed revenue was computed at only £80. {Hints For RAMBLES.—l. Across the Common to Bevis Mount; thence east- ward to Shirley; cross to Millbrooke and Redbridge, and return by rail. 2. To Bittern. Thence south, through Chessil, Peartree Green, Itchen, and Weston, to Netley Abbey. Visit the new Victoria Military Hospital, and return by the same route. 3. By ferry to Hythe, thence to Dibden, northward to Eling, and return by rail. 4. By rail to Beaulieu Road Station, and thence, through a pleasant country, to Beaulieu Abbey. Cross to Fawley, on the shore, and keep northward through Hythe and Dibden to Eling. Return by rail. 5. By steamer to West Cowes. Visit Carisbrooke Castle. Thence to Ryde, and return by steamer.] Netley Abbey. (Open to visitors daily, except Thursday. Sunday 2 to5 p.m.) . By railway is the easiest approach, but if by road, we crossby the Floating Bridge and may turn aside to glance at the pretty village of IrcHmn. Here, on the knoll called Peartree Green, environed with elm and oak, stands Jesus CHAPEL, erected in the year 1613, and more remarkable for the beauty of its site than the grace of its architecture. A lane in its rear joins the main road, and next, a turning to the right conducts us into the direct route to Netley. Following this path, we leave the sandbank, clothed with oak-foliage, which rises from the shore of the Itchen, and gain the verge of Southampton Water. It is worth while to pause for a moment at this point and enjoy the picturesque view which it \ i oO \ \ fit OTST PRA i oe ' Rey ; 12 N M \\ TRATES H Mita any It \ ine iltnss | i i Wry { i ! CELINE i YAY a it hi | nm | | i (ARC i M Tey i HN nk SSS ih me NETLEY ABBEY. . \\2 j a ii; ih Si ; is an Tea iF) | p 4 = A ay Ath i Ly, ? , in td if \ p aA TA it) YONA" ots: Moa ten "iS? ty Ge ae ' NETLEY ABBEY. 9 opens up of the historic town and its mast-thronged docks. Continuing our ramble, we pass the charming hainlet of Wxston, with its neat cottages and noble yew trees, until we see before us the ruins of the fine old abbey (3 m.) A footpath to the west of the ABBEY CHURCH leads to the entrance, but the CHuRcH itself must first be visited. The CuurcH, 200 feet long, and 120 feet broad at the tran- sept, is a cruciform structure in the Early English Style. The nave is much injured; the west window is entirely gone; the north transept has also disappeared ; but still there remains enough to interest the archeologist. ‘“ The east window is of two lights, with a foliated circle in the head, the arch five times recessed, with the caps and bases of four shafts in each of the jambs, The side windows are mostly of two lancet-lights, within a common arch within, having Early English shafts in the jambs ; some are three lights, with foliated heads, and of later character ” —(Parker). Of the west window only the arch remains. A spiral staircase at the south-east angle of the south transept leads {o a tower, which served, it is said, as a sea-mark, Onthe east side of the south transept observe the LaDy CHAPEL. A breach in the wall opens into a mortuary chapel, where a piscina and several niches may be noticed. The CHaprer Houvsz is situated to the right, and was once enriched with three niches uniting to support a groined roof. The passage is next entered, connecting the different portions of the building; crossing it, we gainthe Rerectory, now divided into two rooms, one of which is called the parlour, and contains the remains of an ancient fire-place, the other, still called the REFEOCTORY ; its dimensions are 45 feet by 24 feet. At the end is an opening, called the Burrery Hartcu, through which the dishes were handed; adjoining is the KitcHEN, a vaulted apart- ment, 45 feet by 21 feet; nearly all the stone ribs and groining have been removed; the chief attractions are the ancient fire- place, and a sunken passage which terminates in a wood at a short distance from the abbey. The Fountain Court is a large square area, containing some fine trees and luxuriant clumps of ivy. The walls on the south and west sides formed part of the apartments of the monks before the Dissolution. Facing us is the south wall of the church, and to the right are the walls of the south transept, chapter-house, etc. Returning through the refectory, we reach the garden, 10 NETLEY ABBEY. which is unhappily a favourite spot for picnics, and unpleasantly desecrated. The Abbot’s house is at the east end of the garden; under it is a plain vaulted crypt, which may be entered from the outside of the abbey. This path affords some good views of the entire structure, and should be visited. The fish-ponds are to the east, and choked up with trees and weeds. The word Netty, by some archeologists, has been supposed to be a corruption of Letley, ze., latus locus; but Dr. Quest, with more probability, derives it from the Watan-leage, or “leas of Nat-e,” the richly wooded country extending from the Avon to the Itchen, and including, south, the New Forest. The Cistercian Abbey was founded by Bishop Peter de Rupibus, temp. Henry IIL, or by the King himself, and dedicated to the Virgin and Edward the Confessor. The monks were “imported” from Beaulieu. At the Suppression its yearly income was £100, and the site and manor were granted to Pawlet Marquis of Winchester, by whom they were sold to the Earl of Hertford, son of the Protector-Duke of Somerset. The Earl received here Queen Elizabeth in 1560. Below the abbey King Henry VIII. built a small circular fort on the shore, which, under the high- sounding name of Netley Castle, has been converted into a private residence. About 1700, the estate passed into the hands of Sir Bartlett Lacy, who sold the materials of the abbey church to a South- ampton builder, named Taylor, concerning whom the following curious and well-authenticated tale is told :— It is said that a short time after he had entered into his contract some of his friends observed, in conversation, that they would never be concerned in the demolition of holy and consecrated places. These remarks made such an impression on his mind that he dreamed that, in taking down the abbey, the keystone of the arch over the east window fell from its place and killed him. This dream he told to Mr. Watts, a schoolmaster of Southampton, and father of Dr. Isaac Watts, who advised him not to have any personal concern in pulling down the building. This advice, however, was insufficient to deter him from assisting at the work in person, and the creations of sleep were unhappily realized ; for, in endeavouring to remove some boards from the east window to admit light and air to the workmen, a stone fell upon and frac- tured his skull. The injury was not considered mortal, but in NETLEY ABBEY. 11 the operation of extracting a splinter the surgeon’s instrument accidentally entered the brain, and caused immediate death. The ruins are now the property of T. Chamberlayne, Esq. of Cranbury Park. Netley will be visited rather for the exquisite beauty of its situation than for the archeological importance of its ruins. Its position is one of peculiar charm, and it even stirred the fancy of the worldly Horace Walpole, who thus rhapsodizes of it in a letter to his friend Bentley :— “ How shall I describe Netley to you? Icanonly by telling you it isthe spot in the world which I and Mr. Chute wish. The ruins are vast, and contain fragments of beautiful fretted roofs, pendant in the air, with all variety of Gothic patterns of win- dows topped round and round with ivy. Many trees have sprouted up among the walls, and only want to be increased by cypresses. A hill rises above the abbey, enriched with wood. The fort, in which we would build a tower for habitation, remains, with two small platforms. This little castle is buried from the abbey ina wood, in the very centre, on the edge of a hill. On each side breaks in a view of the Southampton sea, deep blue, glistening with silver and vessels; on one side terminated by Southampton, on the other by Calshot Castle; and the Isle of Wight rises above the opposite hills. In short, they are not the ruins of Netley, but of Paradise. Oh, the purpled abbots ! what a spot they had chosen toslumberin! ‘The scene isso beautifully tranquil, yet so lively, that they seem only to have retired into the world.” On the shores of the bay about a mile south of the Abbey is the Royal Victoria Hospital, a splendid range of buildings in the Italian style, with a total frontage to the sea of 1420 feet. It was erected immediately after the Crimean war, the foundation stone being laid by Queen Victoria 19th May 1856, and is intended as an hospital for wounded soldiers in time of war, and an invaliding station for soldiers from all parts of the world in time of peace, about 3000 passing through it annually. For con- venience in landing the sick a pier 570 feet long has been erected, and a vessel, called the Florence Nightingale, has been built to convey them to the pier from the troopships. The hospital is the headquarters of the medical staff, and attached to it is the Army Medical School with libraries and museums. Behind the hospital is a Lunatic Asylum. Near the pier a Gothic cross was erected in 1864 to the memory of the medical 12 SOUTHAMPTON TO PORTSMOUTH. officers who died in the Crimea. Every medical officer, before joining his regiment, spends four months at Netley, attending lectures on military medicine and surgery, and learning hospital arrangements and routine. In the museum there is a collection of skulls from all parts of the world, there being a nearly com- plete representation of the Asiatic and African types of races. SOUTHAMPTON TO PORTSMOUTH AND GOSPORT, By Railway or Steamer. We may reach Portsmouth from Southampton either by rail or steamer. If by rail we must first return to BISHOPSTOKE, from whence the railway branch diverges through a country of no great interest, until we arrive at FAREHAM (see page 31). The only point of importance on the line is BOTLEY (mm: The Dolphin), 5 miles from Southampton, where William Cobbett long resided, and stirred up the neighbouring farmers to form the excellent main road now connecting Botley with Winchester. The Cuurcu here is in the main modern, but the nave and the old font remain, though neither is of much interest. This place was the scene, about a hundred years ago, of a mock trial at the “Catherine Wheel” hostelry, which terminated in accidental homicide. Some rustics, in sport, had tried and condemned one of their number who flinched from the cup of. “barley bree,” and passing a rope round his waist, had duly hung him up. At the moment a regiment of soldiers marched by, and the executioners, attracted by the spectacle, forgot their unfor- tunate comrade. When he was again remembered, he was found to be dead. This catastrophe is still spoken of as “the Botley assizes,” [Botley is at the head of a considerable arm of the Southampton water, which here receives the Hamble,—the ‘“ flumen Homelea” of Bede—and supplies some important flour mills. A ramble along its well-wooded banks may be commended to the pedestrian.* At 38 miles south-west of Botley he will reach BURSLEDON ~ * It was here, in all probability, that Cerdic and Cynric landed in 498, and formed the first West Saxon settlement. It is, therefore, the ‘‘Cerdic’s ora” of the Saxon Chronicle. Here, too, Stuf and Whitgar, and their crews, disembarked in 514, vase ax ts «Fl cs inca em lay REET TEES = * ; , . atte ar: - 2 “ F .. “ c ~ 5 . ie : Ir \ — ; ry ao : bk e 7 . a rs | - e A en . " - a See - a4 ” 7 e: 2 * 4 E T ng Xp ‘ . Re as > ‘s ’ ~ be : of <' = . 4 KS “ F r ee 7 F) 5 : vitae ola Wh ‘ Se a m) i s b 3 fs 5 : af > P| - . : } . Sree, | at eo | } " ; a mek Sew cs } $ anno! a2 . BD eaten © ‘ * Pca t 2 D jeff ‘ = 4 4° i ' ax ee ; eee - : ail we t - t+ eh ier ” «&* ‘ & SLE OS ~ . a Th teh EMSTITUTION SLASSOUP | | cn StJohns Ch. Rail’ Station| {~_ \ f= 1 -Hants Club Ho. & Hotel East Southsea @ S'Simons Ch. S D | og Monckton Ho. “Ul iB ékton Fort GEE WK GH / Ao) / / ya Scale of One Mile Oo 4 ee \\ Gilkicker Fort YY, tg PORTSMOUTH. 13 population 500, where, in the days of our Dutch deliverer, and Mrs. Masham’s mis- tress, several large men-of-war, including two 80-gun ships were built. The direct Portsmouth road here crosses the creek. Striking inland for about 2 miles, we arrive at HOUND (population 1919), lying on the outskirts of the woods of NETLEY (population 1101), and then returning to the shore of the inlet, where it opens into the Southampton water, may visit the lobster fisheries of HAMBLE (Inn : Victory) —in Leland’s time ‘‘a good fisshar town, with a haven, where yn is a very fair rode for greate shippes.” There are some slight traces of an old fort on a tongue of land jutting out boldly into the water. The Norman Cuurcu, which has re- cently been considerably enlarged, has a fine doorway, and contains a memorial to Sir Joseph Yorke, accidentally drowned off Hamble in 1831. The Cistercian Abbey of Tirone had a cell here, founded by Henry de Blois, and afterwards granted to Winchester College.] At Fareham a line branches off eastward to Portchester and Portsmouth, and the Gosport line continues southward, along the west shore of the Portsmouth harbour, and nearly parallel with the Fareham and Gosport road. A small line, continued to the royal landing place, adjoining the Royal Clarence victualling yard, enables the Queen and her suite to embark or disembark, on their visits to Osborne, in complete privacy. PORTSMOUTH. Hotels im Portsmouth town: George, Star and Garter, Guildhall. Distances : London, 74 m.; Winchester, 24 m.; Chichester, 16 m.; Southampton, 24 m. Population 127,989. Communication, by rail, with Southampton, Winchester, Chichester, Alton, etc. By steamboats, with Ryde, Cowes, and Southampton (from the Royal Victoria Pier, Portsmouth, and Albert Pier, Portsea). A steam ferry is maintained between Portsmouth and Gosport. Omnibuses to and from the station, and to and from Porchester and Hilsea. Steam launches to Porchester. Portsmouth, the strongest fortified town in England, is situated in the southern part of the county (within the Hun- dred of Portsdown), about 60 miles S.W. of London. It stands on an island called Portsea, which is separated from the main- land by a small creek or arm of the sea. It has often been re- marked that the best mode of ascertaining the true character 14 PORTSMOUTH. of a town, is to ascend some neighbouring hill, and obtain a bird’s-eye view of it from above. Adopting this suggestion, let us suppose ourselves on the summit of Portsdown Hill, which is here situated, and examine with interest the remark- able panorama spread out before and beneath us. We see an island, 5568 acres in area, 3 miles in length and 24 miles in width, formed on the north by a narrow channel which separates it from the mainland, by the broad expanse of Langstone Harbour on the east, by Portsmouth Harbour, on the west, and by the waters of Spithead on the south. Opposite, like a natural breakwater, lies the Isle of Wight. This island is crossed in half a dozen places by formidable lines and deep moats. Its south-west extremity is occupied by a large and busy town, quadrangular in shape, and occupying 110 acres ; its streets nar- row and not particularly clean—its houses of an ordinary charac- ter—but its seaward side busy with ship-yards and bristling with ramparts. On the other side of the harbour lies another town, smaller in size, but cleanlier in appearance: it is Gosport. Between these, the harbour which, at its greatest development is 2 miles wide, narrows into a species of gueule, not so broad as the Thames at London Bridge, but with a depth of water sufficient to float a man-of-war at any hour of the tide. This entrance is commanded by Fort Victoria and Southsea Castle on the east, by Fort Monkton on the west, and is considered impassable by a hostile force. Nearly up to the foot of the hill (4 miles) on which we stand, and which is now very strongly entrenched, extends the harbour we speak of—curving eastward into a sheltered cove —running, to the north-west, far up into the mainland—its shores, at low water, a dreary expanse of brown, slimy mud— its waters thronged with men-of-war, frigates, brigs, sloops, steamers, some in ordinary, some all taut and ready for service, others apparently abandoned to a dismal and useless old age. In the roadstead beyond, the famous Spithead, many a noble man- of-war or light frigate is anchored ; to the west, off the Mother- bank, is moored a whole fleet of merchantmen. That portion of the great town which lies nearest to us is called Portsea ; beyond it stretches Landport ; and away to the south extends Portsmouth. On the south-east shore lies the pleasant suburb of Southsea. Ramparts, bastions, moats, draw- bridges, intersect and encircle the whole in a manner peculiarly perplexing to the unprofessional eye. May they prove as difficult PORTSMOUTH. 15 of comprehension to an enemy, if England’s first line of defence should ever fail her ! Let us now return to the town, but not to wander through its streets for any length of time. With the exception of the High Street they are mostly narrow, miry, and squalid ; crowded with small beer-shops and public houses ; and always thronged by soldiers, seamen, and marines. “ The streets and open places, the buildings and visible objects generally, are not such as to induce one to linger amongst them. The town seems made for the arsenal, and not the arsenal for the town.” The tourist, therefore, will do well to turn to the left at the bottom of High Street, and gain the pleasant beach of Southsea—a good esplanade has been formed there—while we glance, very briefly, at the most notable events in the chronicles of Portsmouth. Portsmouth, as a town of any consideration, can claim no greater antiquity than the reign of Henry VII. It takes its name from Porta, a Saxon Chief who effected a settlement here, and who has given his name to Portsea (Port’s ey), and Por(t)- chester ; but it may also have some reference to its position at the entrance to a safe and commodious harbour. As a landing- place it has always been held in estimation :—Duke Robert disembarked here, in 1101, when he had resolved to contest the English crown with his brother Henry [.; and the Empress Matilda disembarked here in February, 1140 ; in 1170, Henry II. landed here, and in 1177 held a review of his fleet off Spithead. In 1190, Richard I. sailed from Portsmouth with 100 ships on his last voyage to his French dominions. King John stationed a fleet here, and Henry III: in 1238, sailed from hence, after his famous quarrel with the faithful Hubert de Burgh, the noble servant of an unworthy master. The first oranges imported into England were brought hither by a Spanish trader, and sold to Edward the Ist’s queen, Eleanor of Castile, who probably loved - the golden fruit for the sake of her sunny native land. Among other soverigns whose presence has occasionally enlivened the streets of “ Portesmue” we may enumerate Edward LI, in 1294, Edward II, 1324-5-6, Edward III, 1346, Queen Margaret of Anjou, 1445, when the townsmen spread rushes along the main highways, and escorted her with hearty cheers to the Matson Dieu ; Henry VIII. in 1545; Edward VI, 1552; Prince Charles, in 1623 ; the lovely Henrietta Maria, as a fugitive, in 1641—as the triumphant mother of a restored king,in 1661 ° 16 PORTSMOUTH. unhappy Katherine of Braganza, in 1662; her saturnine spouse (why do they call him the “ Merry Monarch?) in 1664, 1671, and 1672 ; James II. in 1685 ; William III. in 1692, and 1698 ; King George III. on more occasions than we care to mention ; and Victoria on her frequent passages to aud from Osborne, and on that memorable day, when, at the conclusion of the Russian War, she reviewed at Spithead the noblest fleet the world had ever seen. The first church at Portsmouth was built by the canons of Southwick, about 1182, and dedicated to St. Thomas a Becket, then recently elevated to a place in the calendar. It happily escaped destruction in 1337, when a French marauding force destroyed nearly all the town, and was equally fortunate in 1369 and 1372, when our good allies repeated their exploits. In 1374, the men of Portsmouth took their revenge: they crossed the Channel, and burnt five ships at Havre. On January 9, 1449-50, Adam de Moleynes, the Lancastrian Bishop of Chichester, was murdered in the Maison Diew by some seamen whose wages he was paying—by order, it is said, of the Duke of York. Edward IV., for the defence of the harbour, whose excellence was begin- ning to be understood, built on each side a round tower, and be- tween them a mighty chain or boom was extended, but the work was not completed until Henry VIII’s reign. A great dock for ships was now commenced, and Portsmouth was regarded as an important arsenal and naval station. In July 1545, Lord Lisle collected here the English fleet intended for a hostile expedition against the French shores, and was attacked by an enormous armament under the French admiral D’Annabault. Lord Lisle remained on the defensive, and endea- voured to draw his enemy into the shoals and narrows with which Nature has protected Portsmouth. 'Two days were occupied in skirmishes which had no decisive result, but the Mary Rose, com- manded by Sir George Carew—the boast of the English nayy— a huge four-castled sixty-gun vessel—was overweighed with her own ordnance, heeled over, and the port-holes being open, sunk through the rush of water. Her gallant captain and 600 men were lost in her. The French afterwards landed at three places in the Isle of Wight—at Shanklin, Bembridge, and Sea View— but were repulsed with loss. A foray was also made on the Sussex coast, and then the great fleet which had threatened so much, and accomplished so little, retired to France, pursued and PORTSMOUTH. ‘ et \LLIEaS ; O17 whe | E S ( INSTITUTION harassed by Lord Lisle. King Henry viewed the engagement At. Spithead from Southsea Castle (one of the round forts with which? he dotted the southern shores in 1540-41). The watchword on board the English ships at night was “God save the king,” and the reply, “ Long to reign over us,”’—the origin, probably, as Mr. Froude suggests, of our National Anthem. Edward VI. visited Portsmouth in 1522, and what he saw there has been recorded by his friend Barnaby Fitz-Patrick. “We find the bulwarks,” he says, * chargeable, massy, and ramparted ; but ill-fashioned, ill flanked, and set in remote places ; the town great in comparison to what it ought to be, and within the walls there are fair and large closes and much vacant room. The haven is notable, great, and standing by nature easy to be fortified.” Queen Elizabeth added to the fortifications, and Portsmouth became the great rendezvous of our fleet, and our principal dock- yard. In 1628 it was at Portsmouth that the expedition intended for the relief of the Protestants of Rochelle was ordered to as- semble, and its chief, Villiers, Duke of Buckingham,—the “ Steenie” of James the First, and the trusted counsellor of his son,—arrived here to hasten its preparation. It was here he was murdered, on the morning of August the 23d, and at an inn called the “Spotted Dog,” now a private house, No. 10 in the High Street, opposite the Unitarian Chapel. “After a sharp debate with some of the French refugees, the Duke left his dress- ing-room to proceed to his carriage. He had entered the hall, when Colonel Friar whispered in his ear. He turned to listen, and at the moment received a wound in the left breast from a knife, which was left sticking in his heart. Exclaiming the word ‘villain, he plucked it out, staggered backwards a few steps, sGOWY al and, falling against a table, was caught in the arms of his atten-_ dants. They thought it had been a stroke of apoplexy ; but the. blood which gushed from his mouth and from the wound con- vinced them of their mistake. The noise was heard by the Duchess in her bedchamber, who, with his sister, the Countess of Anglesea, ran into the gallery, and saw her lord below weltering in his blood”—(Lingard). Felton was executed at Tyburn, but his body was afterwards hung in chains on Southsea Common, and a portion of the gibbet is inclosed in the obelisk there. His dagger was exhibited at Manchester in 1857, and now belongs to the Earl of Denbigh (of Newnham Paddox, Warwickshire.) The Cc 18 PORTSMOUTH. admirer of Dumas will remember the picturesque use he has made of Felton’s crime in Les Trois Mousquetaires. On May 13, 1662, Katherine of Braganza arrived here in the “ Royal Charles,” attended by a large squadron, but her royal bridegroom did not make his appearance until the 20th, when the marriage was duly solemnized. William III. considerably increased the defences of the town and harbour, and reviewed here, in 1692, the English and Dutch fleets under Sir George Rooke. In 1757, Admiral Byng was tried on board “the St. George” in Portsmouth Harbour, on a charge of having neglected the relief of Minorca, and caused the loss of that island to the French. The admiral was unpopular, and the Ministry wanted a victim. After a long trial he was found guilty of not having done his utmost to destroy the enemy, but the court earnestly recom- mended him to mercy, and acquitted him of disaffection or cowardice. ‘To this recommendation no effect was given, and the unfortunate admiral was shot on board “the Monarque” on Mon- day morning, March the 14th. He bandaged his eyes himself with a white handkerchief, and kneeling upon a cushion placed for the purpose, gave the signal to the marines, “a few minutes before twelve o'clock.” Five bullets went through him, and he fell immediately—a common seaman exclaiming, “ There lies the bravest and best officer of the navy.” The loss of the “ Royal George” is an event too well known to need much elaboration here. She was a 108 gun-ship, and considered one of the finest vessels in the navy. Her loss took place on the 22d of August 1782, while she was undergoing some repairs at Spithead. It was necessary to lay her slightly en her side, but so little risk was apprehended that Admiral Kempenfeldt, her gallant commander, with his officers and men, remained on board. The admiral himself was very popular, and “was held, both abroad and at home, to be one of the best naval officers of his time.” He was the son of a Swedish gentleman, portrayed by Addison in “the Spectator” as Captain Sentry. At the time of the accident upwards of 300 women and children were in the ill-fated vessel. It happened in this wise :—“ About ten o’clock a sudden squall from the north-west threw her broad- side on the water, and the lower deck ports not having been lashed down, she filled and sunk in about three minutes. A victualler which lay alongside was swallowed up in the whirlpool which the sudden plunge of so vast a body into the water occa- PORTSMOUTH. 19 sioned, and several small craft, though at some distance, were in imminent danger. Her gallant admiral, Kempenfelt, was at the time writing in his cabin, and he, with many of his officers and most of those who were between the decks, perished. As the ship had but lately returned home, there were a great number of women on board, and it is supposed that nearly seven hundred persons were drowned, though every assistance was rendered by the boats of the fleet”—-(Moody). The wreck remained for years a dangerous obstacle in the roadstead, until its removal was effected in 1839 and the five following years, by a company of sappers and miners under the late General Pasley. The divers were six or seven hours daily under water, at a depth of 60 or 70 feet, and blew up the wreck by means of large cylin- drical cases of powder fired from a voltaic battery. On May the Ist, 1795, the Boyne, a fine 98-gun ship, was destroyed by fire in Portsmouth Harbour. “Most of the crew were saved by boats, but the heat at length became so excessive that no further assistance could be given, and- on the return of the tide she drifted out of the harbour, the fire issuing through every port-hole. Her lower guns were shotted, and as these went off much damage was done, and some lives lost. After burning about seven hours, her powder magazine blew up, with an explosion which was sensibly felt over all Portsmouth. Shot, and pieces of timber, were thrown to a great distance ; several boats were blown to atoms, and twenty of their hands perished ”—( Moody). Portsmouth obtained its first charter from Richard Coeur de Lion in 1171. It has returned two members of Parliament since 1298. In 1792, Portsea was declared a town, and its “lines” were completed in 1809. Portsmouth is now governed under the Municipal Reform Act, by a mayor, 14 aldermen, and 42 councillors. It has given birth, at the interval of a century, to two men of equal philanthropy, but widely contrasted in genius and character: Jonas Hanway, born in 1712, and Charles Dickens, born at Landport in 1812, died 1870, The Parish CHURCH, dedicated to St. Thomas 4 Becket, is situated in St. Thomas Street. The chancel and transepts date from 1180-8 ; the nave and aisles were rebuilt in 1693. A square - central tower is surmounted by a cupola 120 feet in height. Out of its eight bells, five are the celebrated Dover bells removed thither by Prince George of Denmark. They were re- 90 PORTSMOUTH CHURCHES. hung in 1866. In the interior of the church is a cenotaph to George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham, and the urn which contains, it is said, his heart. He was assassinated by John Felton in the High Street.of Portsmouth, 23d August 1628, when about to set out on a second expedition to Rochelle. On each side of the ceno- taph are pyramids of military armour and weapons, and the urn in the centre is surmounted by a Phenix. The Latin epitaph which records his virtues states that the monument was erected by his “‘inconsolable sister, Susannah Countess of Derby.” The parish register contains an illuminated entry of the marriage of Charles II. and Catherine of Braganza, May 22, 1622. The copper vane, 7 feet long and in form of a ship, was the gift of George of Denmark in 1710. St. Mary’s, a neat building, erected about 30 years ago, stands in Colewort Gardens, which, previous to the Reformation, were either the garden or cemetery of a house of Franciscan friars. The Royan GARRISON CHURCH, on the parade, was originally attached to the Matson Dixv or Gop’s House, an hospital dedi- cated to St. Nicholas, and founded by Bishop Peter de Rupibus in 1212. The church has been restored at a cost of £5000. It contains a large number of memorial tablets. Of the memorial windows, that in the centre is to Lord Raglan, in the north to Sir Charles Napier, who is buried in front of the church; and in the south to Lord Clyde. In Portszea there are several CHuRcHES. The parish church, Early Perpendicular, and supposed to have been erected by William of Wykeham, is situated at Kingston, nearly 2 miles north-east. The vicarage is in the patronage of Winchester College. St. GzEORGE’s, erected in 1733, is a plain brick building ; St. JoHN’s was built in 1789; and Hoty Trinity is a modern imitation of Early English. ALL Sarnts’, in Landport, erected in 1827 at an expense of £12,000, will probably find some admirers. Among the public buildings in Portsmouth are the Market House with Guildhall above, St. George’s Hall in Portsea for public meetings and concerts, and the Theatre Royal in Landport. Victoria Park opposite Portsmouth town station, 17 acres in extent, is prettily laid out with shrubberies and flower beds. In the neighbourhood are the military cricket grounds. The great point of attraction in Portsmouth is its DooKYARD, but let us first glance at the fortifications which are designed PORTSMOUTH. 21 for the protection of our most important naval arsenal, and which may now be considered as impregnable. Starting from the Victoria Pier we pass, in succession—the PLATFORM or SaLutine Barrery ; the Marn Guarp (and Garrison Chapel) ; the Spur Repovust, an outwork where two ramparts meet at an angle, thus /\ ; the Kine’s Bastion _ indicated by the gar- rison flag ; the Kina@’s Counter Guarp, designed to defend the bastion ; crossing the Spur Bridge, the Kine’s RAVELIN, com- manding the road to Southsea ; the PEMBROKE Bastion, Mon- TAGUE RAVELIN, and East Bastion—their position shewn by a line of lofty elms ; East Ravetin, the Town Mount Bastion ; the Lanpport RavELIN, protecting the Landport road, and Land- port gate, built temp. George II. ; Guy’s or Grey’s Bastion ; and Brxston’s Bastion. Crossing the Mint Roap, between Portsmouth and Portsea, by a bridge which is defended by the Mitt Repoust—(another bridge is overlooked by the AMHERST REDOvBT, connects Portsea and Landport, and leads out into green fields and fresh pastures, through the Lion and Unicorn Gates)— we pass the Rigut Dremiz Bastion ; the Ricur Rave.in, Town- SEND BastIOon (observe the Military Hospital) ; Lion RaveELin ; Duke of Yorx’s Bastion ; UNICORN RAVELIN; Lerr DEMIE Bastion ; and lastly the Sturce Bastion, which abuts against the harbour near the dockyard, and thus completes the circumval- lation of the two towns. We now return to the Harp at Portsea—always a scene of no ordinary liveliness and bustle, and commanding a very picturesque view of the harbour, and Gosport on the opposite shore—and arriving at the dockyard gates (between 10 and 12 A.M., or 14 and 3 p.., Saturdays excepted, are admitted into the precincts of PortsMourTH DocKkyARD, the largest in the king- dom (120 acres), and, from its resources, the most important in the world. Its general features, however, sufficiently resemble those frequently seen in the yards at Woolwich and Chatham to need no elaborate detail. Near the entrance observe the Port Admiral’s House, built 1782-6 ; the Admiral Superintendent’s ; to the south, the Guard House and Navy Pay Office ; the Mast Pond, dating from 1779-97 ; and the Mast Houses. On the east is the Royal Naval College, built in 1817; and in aline with the Mast Houses, the Hemp and Sea-store Houses, 800 feet by 60 feet ; the Rig- ging-House, with its clock-tower ; the Sail Loft, 600 feet long ; and the Sail Field. 2 PORTSMOUTH ROPERY. Parallel with “the Lawn” run three ranges of long, low, dull-coloured buildings—the Store Houses, 600 feet long; the Chapel here was built in 1785, and its hours of service are proclaimed by a bell from the Royat GxorcE; the Ropery, 1094 feet in length, and 54 feet in breadth; and the Tarring House, with a “Seasoning Pond” for timber, and Shed for storing canvas. The Ropery has been three times destroyed by fire: by acci- dental causes, July 3, 1760, and July 27, 1770; and by an incendiary, one James Aitken, a Scotchman, on December 7, 1776. “Jack the Painter,” as he was popularly called, had been bribed to this act of treason by Silas Deane, the American agent at Paris, and was righteously hung at the Dockyard gate on the 10th March 1777. Here we may learn in what manner the rigging and cordage of the leviathans of the sea are made. “ How the spinner wraps a bundle of hemp round his waist, and how, by fastening the hemp to hooks, which are made to revolve, and by walking backwards and drawing out the hemp, he causes the latter to assume the form of yarn, are matters which a little close attention will render clear to every intelligent observer. Then the further stages in the process: the spinning of many yarns into a ‘ strand,’ the twisting of these strands into a ‘rope,’ and the ultimate twisting or ‘ laying’ of these ropes into a ‘cable, —all are interesting. Captain Huddart’s rope machinery has been brought so much into use that the hand-wrought rope is not now made in such large quantities as in former days ; while the adoption of iron cables instead of hempen cables in large ships has further reduced the manufacture of the latter. Some of the largest hempen cables used to contain upwards of 15,000 pounds weight of hemp’—(Knight). In the Tarrine-Houss the hanks of hempen yarn are dipped into cauldrons of boiling tar, and then passed between two rollers which force the tar into the innermost fibres of the yarn. Alongside the Ropery lie several rows of anchors of all sizes and weights, from the huge iron man of the three-decker to the small grappling iron of the pigmy gun-brig. Westward lie the docks, which were greatly extended, by the works completed in 1876 at a cost of over £2,000,000, much of the labour having been performed by convicts. The walls of the basin are of great strength, the lower part being composed of concrete lined with brickwork, and the upper of PORTSMOUTH. 23 Portland stone coped with granite. By the extension adequate dry and floating dock room is provided for vessels of any size and probably sufficient to meet the most urgent claims that might be occasioned by the most exceptional emergency. The locks have a depth of 27 feet 6 inches over their inverts at low water, thus giving admission to a first-class ironclad at all states of the tide. All the entrances are 80 feet wide, and the depth of the basin and dock 550 feet. These works have completely altered the contour of the harbour, while the adjacent Whale Island has been largely increased by additions of mud and clay from the excavations that have been made. The boundary wall of the docks is built of flint. In the steam basin and building slips, vessels may be seen in all stages of construction, and a large number are also constantly undergoing alteration or repairs. Some of the departments can, however, only be visited by special permission. Further north stands the building devoted to Sir Isambard Brunel’s wonderful block machinery, which he introduced in 1802. The patent was purchased by Govern- ment for £20,000, and the present buildings, under the inventor’s personal superin- tendence, were opened in 1808. Here the rough materials of the block-wood and metal are polished into perfection by machinery. A block is a simple contrivance for suspending a small wheel with a grooved edge in which works the rope of a pulley. Blocks require to be strong enough to stand any weight, and it may be regarded asa general rule that they never do break down ; the block itself, which is buta case for the wheel, is made of oak, the wheel is either of metal, first cast and then turned in a lathe, orof lignum vite. In the block-house we find machines sawing out the wood from the beams or planks, cutting it into sizes, rounding off the corners, excavating the centre of the mass for the reception of the wheel, planing its convex surface perfectly smooth, drilling the tri-circular orifice for the bolt-sheath and the bolt on which the wheel revolves, cutting the discs of lignum vitz from the tree, turning them into wheels of various diameters, drilling the wheels for the passage of the bolt, and fixing bolt, wheel, and case in one perfect block ready for use. The machinery consists of a series (44 in number) of circular saws, eccentric lathes, blades cutting perpendicularly, and rotating planes, etc. etc., all worked by steam but each attended by a single operative, and adapted to the exact performance of a single operation. Ten men can now turn out as many blocks as 110 men could formerly manufacture, and 140,000 can be produced in a year. A two decker re- quires about 1400 blocks. 200 different sizes are used in the Royal Navy. The Smithy ; Long Row, and its statue of William III. pre- gented in 1698; the Timber Stacks; the Mould Loft; the Carvers and Joiners’ Shops; and the Steam Saw Mills, may be duly inspected by the untiring visitor. The Nasmyth Steam Hammer, which cracks a nut and welds an anchor, will, of course, be an attraction. The Vicrorta StEAM BasIN, with its three dry docks, built by Rolt, and opened by the Queen in 1848 ; the Geos Jn. /orsity Library 94 PORTSMOUTH HARBOUR. Steam Factory ; the Steam Magazine Stores, the Boiler Houses, and the huge Building Slips, may be inspected. We may now bend our steps towards the GuN WHaRr, which fronts the harbour at the junction of Portsea and Ports- mouth, and occupies an area of 14 acres. Here are arranged pyramidical mountains of shot and shell and rows of guns of every calibre and weight, either unused, or removed from ships now laid up in ordinary. To the right of the entrance is the Smatt Arms ARMouRY, containing 25,000 stand of arms for sea service ; and a variety of fanciful devices composed of halberds, pikes, cutlasses, and muskets. Portsmouth Harbour Station and pier is the point of embarkation for the Isle of Wight, by the joint steamers of London, Brighton and South Coast, and London and South- Western railways—the extension from the Landport station, permitting passengers to walk from the trains directly on board the steamers. Opposite is the St. Vincent’s training ship for boys, an old sailing three-decker, and near Gosport Nelson’s famous ship the Victory. “ A sail up the Harsour” is the visitor’s next enijeniae and at high water, or near it, on a sunny summer-day when a fresh breeze comes up from the distant Channel, itis not to be despised even by the most epicurean of tourists. You thread your way in and out of a perfect ambages of ships and small craft, now steering under the bowsprit of a “Marlborough” which towers above you like a castle atloat, now getting out of the way of a mischievous quick little gunboat, now sailing round one of the royal yachts, now luffing astern of a monster screw steamer, now bearing up for the Victory, you may sail right up to Portchester Castle, if you like, or wind about among the vessels of the “steam reserve,” or you may cross to Gosport, visit the Victualling Establishment, and glance at the private Station of the South Western Railway, erected especially for the accommodation of Her Majesty and suite. The gunboats hauled up on the new slips—where too many of them rotted—should also be inspected. But “the Victory” is, of course, the great point of attraction. It has been repaired and restored until little remains of the glorious ship that carried Nelson’s flag at Trafalgar, but they still shew you on board the spot where he received his death-wound, and the corner in the cockpit where his gallant spirit passed away. The Victory was first launched in 1765, rebuilt in 1800, and her burthen is 2164 tons. The PORTSMOUTH. 25 “ Victoria and Albert” is of 1033 tons, and 430 horse power. Her upper deck is 460 feet from bowsprit to sternpost. We shall now cross the harbour, about 400 yards, by the floating bridge (fare 1d.), to GOSPORT. [Population, 13,000. Hotels: Railway; Star. 89 m. from London by rail, 90 m. by road; 22 m. from Southampton. 425 Communication by omnibus with Anglesea and Alverstoke; by floating bridge, every quarter of an hour, with Portsmouth. Steamers several times daily, to Ryde, Cowes, and Southampton. ] Gosport, or Gop’s Port, received its name from Bishop Henry de Blois, who put in here for shelter in a tremendous storm in 1158. Its church, dedicated to the Holy Trinity, in the south- west quarter of the town, was erected, temp. William III, as a chapel of ease to the mother church at Alverstoke, and the rector of Alverstoke is the patron of the curacy, which is valued at £228 yearly. It was enlarged in 1830. A district church, of exemplary neatness, dedicated to St. John, was built about 40 years ago at Forton, a suburb of Gosport, but beyond the line of its fortifications. The Rattway TERMINUS, Royat MARINE BARRACKS, and Minirary PRISON are also in Forton. Gosport is placed on the shore of Portsmouth harbour, and occupies a sort of peninsula between Forton Lake, north, and Alverstoke Lake, south. The Royat ViotuattiIne YARD lines the shore to the north of the town. Across Alverstoke Lake rises the dull red-brick pile of Hastar Hospirat, and beyond it, the extreme south-west point of the Harbour is defended by Fort MoNKTON (32 guns). ANGLESEY (Hotel: Anglesey) is a pleasant modern watering- place with terraces rising up from the beach above Stokes Bay ; and behind it stands a triangular beacon of stone and brick, called the GILLKETKER, occupying the place of an old landmark erected by the Earl of Warwick, the Parliamentary admiral, temp. Charles I, Farther to the west extends the row of villas of ALVERBANK—one of which was built by the late Right Hon. John Wilson Croker, died 1854, the “‘ Rigby” of D’Israeli’s Coningsby, and became, in 1857, the marine residence of Prince Alfred and his tutors. Farther inland, at the head of the 26 THE ROYAL CLARENCE VICTUALLING-YARD. Alverstoke inlet, stands ALVERSTOKE (population, 21,581, in- cluding Anglesey)—its CHuurcH, rebuilt by Woodyer, with a memorial to the officers and men of the 44th Regiment annihi- lated in the fatal Cabul war. The enriched chancel arch and the handsome reredos should be noticed. Alverstoke is a corruption of the name of Alwara, a former lady of the manor, and stoke, a settlement in the marish-ground. The Royat Hastar Hospitat was begun in 1746, and completed in 1762, from the designs of Turner, and at the suggestion of the Earl of Sandwich. Its frontage is 576 feet ; the wings are 553 feet long; there are four storeys, and 114 wards, each 60 feet by 20 feet, and able to accommodate 20 patients. On the west side is the CHAPEL, 72 feet by 36 feet, and built in 1793: it stands in the centre of an open area, 33 acres in extent, which is used by the patients for exercise and recreation. There is an airing ground of 33 acres enclosed with a wall. In the east wing there is an extensive library and museum for the use of the medical officers. Adjoining are the Hasnar Barracks and the NEw Goun- BOAT SLIPwAY, where upwards of 100 boats are generally hauled up. Running out from the hospital is the Blockhouse fort, defending the entrance to Portsmouth harbour, so that no vessel can pass without running the gauntlet of a line of artillery level with the surface of the water. The ROYAL CLARENCE VICTUALLING-YARD, Wzovu1, was formerly the residence of the Countess of Clancarty, and was purchased by Government in 1753. Here are stored the rum, cocoa, peas, wines, clothing, grain, and other necessaries made use of in the Navy, in such quantities that the visitor may be excused for wondering whether any but an army of Titans could ever demolish them. But the chief attraction is the Biscuit BaKEry, invented by Mr. Grant. The process is so ingenious that a detailed description (adapted from a paper in “The Leisure Hour”) may not be unacceptable :—“The biscuits made here contain no other ingredients than flour and water, but the wheat used is excellent, and the possibility of adulteration avoided by the entire process, from the cleaning of the wheat to the sacking of the biscuit, being done on the premises. “The motive agent in the manufacture of the biscuit is a steam-engine of some sixty-horse power. The wheat, which on is arrival from the granaries is mixed with dust and other PORTSMOUTH. 29 impurities, is thrown into a cylinder of wire-gauze revolving in one direction, and containing a shaft armed with stiff brushes, which revolves in another. By internal apparatus the grains are brushed forward to a vent, whence they are conveyed to the erinding-stones through a hollow shaft. They are thus rendered exquisitely clean before they are ground. The grain which drops into the centre of the grinding-stone comes out as flour into a long wooden trough, along which it is forced slowly by the action of a revolving rod fitted through its whole length, with broad flanges wound spirally round it. From this trough it is discharged into a bolting-cylinder—which, by rapid revolutions, separates the bran from the flour, leaving however, a portion of what bakers call ‘ gurgians,’ or fine bran—such a mixture being wholesomer than pure flour. When bolted, the flour is drawn in the same way through tubes, by a contrivance similar to that available for dredging the bed of a river, but on a minute scale, up through the ceiling, where we lose sight of it. “On entering the room where the biscuit is made, we find a man standing in front of a large cistern cylindrically shaped, 5 feet long, and 3 feet in diameter, into which he can turn at his pleasure either flour or water. In the centre of the cistern revolves a shaft armed with instruments for mixing and kneading the dough. The operator lets in about a sack of flour anda proportionate quantity of water, and sets the shaft in motion ; in a few minutes the mixture is complete and the mass propelled forth. Five cwt. are mixed up in two minutes. It is then received by boys, who pass it repeatedly beneath two heavy rollers, 15 cwt. each, swaying backwards and forwards under the impulsion of the steam-engine. By dexterous management the dough is kneaded out to the required thickness, 2 inches, and dimensions, a yard square, and then sent with its supporting iron tray along a series of rollers to another operative, who passes it once beneath a broad descending plate or die, which cuts it into about 60 hexagonal-shaped biscuits, stamping each one with the royal initials and arms. The hexagonal shape is chosen because it prevents even an atom of waste, and is the nearest practicable approach to the circle that could be effected without loss. All that now requires to be done is the baking ; and the ovens being ranged in a row opposite the machinery, the biscuits are shovelled into them in sheets of about a yard square each. About 112 lbs., or 672 biscuits are put in at once, and they lose 12 lb. in 28 SOUTHSEA ESPLANADE. baking They remain in the oven about a quarter of an hour, and are drawn forth into bags, the baker separating them from each other with a blow of his palm as he hauls them forth. There is yet, however, some moisture in them, and it would not do to pack them for service until properly dry ; to accomplish this they are spread out in a warm chamber. It should be noticed that biscuit which has returned from a voyage in one of her majesty’s ships is never sent out again, but is sold by auction under the denomination of biscuit-dust. Hundreds of sacks of it here lie ready for sale ; some portion, it is conjectured, will find its way into merchant ships, but it is understood to be bought for consumption by hogs and dogs. SOUTHSEA (Hotels: Royal Pier; Queen’s; Esplanade ; Grosvenor ; Exeter; Portland; Royal Beach Mansions, at the new pier East Southsea. Southsea is now one of the most fashionable watering-places in the south of England, partly owing to the attraction of the fine military bands, which play at both piers, as well as to its convenient access to the Isle of Wight. From the Clarence pier at the west end, as well as from the Victoria pier, Portsmouth, steamers sail for Ryde and Southampton, and from the new pier at East Southsea for Bembridge and Sea View. Between the two piers is the esplanade, nearly 2 miles in length. Near the Clarence pier are cannons and other military trophies, and a number of military and naval monu- ments. The sea-view from the esplanade is of considerable extent, embracing “the Nab Light” at the extreme end of St. Helen’s Roads, while the Isle of Wight rears its verdurous hills across the Solent, and the streets of Ryde may be plainly dis- cerned. Between, is the famous roadstead of Spithead, so named from the Spzt, a triangular sandbank, which forms a natural pro- tection to mouth of Portsmouth. How many victorious fleets have sailed from hence to assert the naval supremacy of England! We pass along the beach to SourHSEA CASTLE (no admission to the public), erected by Henry VIII. in 1540. Edward VI. stayed here one night on his visit to Portsmouth in 1552. Its garrison, temp. Queen Elizabeth, consisted of a captain, an under-captain, two porters, a master gunner, 14 gunners and 11 soldiers. In 1642 (September 3d) it was captured by a detachment of Roundheads, who immediately turned its guns against Portsmouth, and forced the town to capitulate. Since that time it has under- ENVIRONS OF PORTSMOUTH 29 gone so complete a transformation that not a Roundhead would recognise it,.and it now forms an important point in the seaward defences of Portsmouth. Beyond it, and still upon the shore, are the forts of Lumps and Eastney; and on the point of land which forms the western headland of Langston Harbour is the formidable strong- hold, known as Fort CumBerLAnD—commenced in 1744, but not completed until 1820. It has barrack-room for 3000 men, and can mount 100 heavy guns. Lanpport, Kineston, and Somers-Town are suburbs which lie beyond the fortifications on the east side of the united towns of Portsmouth and Portsea, ENVIRONS or PORTSMOUTH. PORCHESTER—SoOUTHWICH—F AREHAM—'TITCHFIELD. PoRCHESTER CASTLE (admission 3d) may be visited by rail to Porchester Station, from which it is about a mile to the south ; but the pleasantest way is by a sail up Portsmouth harbour. It stands upon a spur of land sharply projecting into the estuary, and from its position must anciently have been a stronghold of considerable importance. Porchester was the Roman Portus Magnus, and was linked with Winchester (Venta Belgarum) by a great highway, or via, of which abundant traces may yet be discerned. Another road connected it with Chichester (Regnum), and a third with Bittern, near Southampton (Clausentum). Its form is quadrangular, and its walls are strengthened by hollow circular towers, eighteen in number. These walls are from 8 to 12 feet thick, and about 18 feet in height. Of Roman tiles, or the Roman red mortar, there is but little ; the bonding-courses, however, are formed of that rough but tenacious limestone which the Roman builders so much affected. Portions of damaged Roman inscriptions have been in- serted into the barbican wall. The Saxons, under Port, or Porta, landed here in 501, and soon spread the terror of their swords for miles around. Their leader’s name was given to the stronghold which they erected,— probably within the Roman walls,—to the low dreary island which they planted,—and to the harbour which sheltered their vessels. The Normans in their turn dispossessed the Saxons, and built the present Krxp, at the north-west corner of the Roman walls. Additions were made at various periods, and 30 FROM PORTSMOUTH TO WINCHFIELD. exhibit specimens of Decorated, Perpendicular, and Tudor archi- tecture. Passing through the barbican, with its grooves for two port- cullises, we cross the inner Baxiium, and gain the Kexp, which closely resembles that of Rochester, is square in construction, and separated into two divisions by a wall which runs from top to bottom. The walls are 74 feet thick, and composed of flints and mortar, faced by Caen stone. In the interior there are four storeys, lighted by the narrowest of loop-holes, so that the lords of Portchester, their ladies, squires, and minstrels, must have been content with an obscurity better fitted for owls. From the sum- mit there is a very extensive view. Lawn tennis may be played within the grounds. A priory of Augustine canons was founded within the castle- walls, about 1133, but forty years afterwards removed to South- wick. The CHuRcH which we are now looking at was the priory church, and possibly occupies the site of the Roman sacedlum. It was cruciform in plan, but one of its arms or transepts has been pulled down. Portions of it have been rebuilt, but never- theless some fragments of original Norman may be picked out of the modern patchwork. Especially the western front, with its three circular-headed windows, is to be noticed. The doorway is enriched with a double dog’s-tooth moulding. The font bears a representation of the baptism of our Lord and is arcaded. Porchester is a favourite place for summer picnics. The lord of the manor and owner of the castle (which occu- pies an area of about five acres) is T. Thistlethwayte, Esq. of SourHwick Park. Passing through Porchester village (popula- tion, 772), cross Portsdown Hill—strongly fortified to guard Portsmouth against attack by land from the north, and descend into SOUTHWICK (population, 664). To the east, along the old Salisbury road, stretch the undulating grounds of the PARK, com- manding extensive views of Portsmouth, Spithead, and the Isle of Wight. The remains—a few mouldering walls—of the ancient priory are about a quarter of a mile from the house, which was erected on the site of a noble mansion destroyed by fire in 1840. The Priory and Church of “St. Mary of Southwyk,” after its removal from Porchester, rapidly increased in wealth and consi- deration, and many a fat estate was bestowed upon it. William of Wykeham founded here five chantries: for the souls of his father and mother, John and Sibylla, who were buried in the FAREHAM. 31 Priory ; for his own soul; for the prosperity of Edward IIL. ; and for the soul of Edward III. The churches of Portsea, Ports- mouth, and Southwick were established by the canons,— Wymer- ing, Portchester, Candover, Netley, Swindon, Boarhunt, Shalden, and Wansted were among their possessions. Here Henry VL, in 1445, was married to Margaret of Anjou, and in memory of that event the sovereign granted them extraordinary “ privileges and immunities”—free chase in all the royal forests in the vici- nity of their lands, and an entire exemption from “every sort of toll, custom, and burthens in public works.” The wealthy foun- dation, however, fell at the nod of “ Bluff King Hal,” and its site and adjoining manors were granted to John and Catharine White. It afterwards passed to the Nortons, by whom a stately mansion was erected, where Charles the First was entertained by Sir Daniel Norton in 1628. While at prayers in the Chapel, Sir John Hippisley arrived from Portsmouth, and whispered to him the news of the Duke of Buckingham’s assassination by Felton. The pious sovereign remained unmoved until his devotions were ended ; he then retired, and surrendered himself to the most passionate grief. The last male heir of the Nortons bequeathed his property, £6000 per annum in real estates, and £6000 in money, in trust to the British Parliament, for the use and benefit of “ the poor, hungry, and thirsty, naked and strangers, sick and wounded, and prisoners, to the end of the world,” but his will was set aside on the ground of the testator’s insanity. The present owner, T. Thistlethwayte Esq., is lineally descended from the Nortons on the female side. BOARHUNT, 14 mile west, has a very interesting old Church, that in spite of restoration demands a visit. The chancel arch is possibly Saxon, and the main body of the build- ing is late Norman and Transitional. There is a very early window in the chancel, and the font, like some other parts of the building, may be Saxon. FAREHAM (pop. 7183. Hotels: Railway; Red Lion), 3 m. ; from Porchester, 844 m. from London, a town of considerable trade in “coal, corn, canvas, and ropes ;” a town with some good houses, a large pottery manufactory, and a quay where ships of 300 tons burthen can load or unload; a town with a Literary 32 FROM PORTSMOUTH TO WINCHFIELD. Institute, sheltered in an Ionic building; a Market Hall, and a Custom House ; a town which, 50 years ago, was a mere aggregate of thatch-roofed cottages, and owes its present prosperity to the intelligent enterprise of certain of its inhabitants who appreciated the value of its position on a gentle slope, washed by a lake, at the north-west extremity of Portsmouth harbour. The CHuRcH, rebuilt in 1812—except the chancel, which is Early English— calls for no particular notice. Trinity Church, at the west end of the town, was built in 1834. A good district-church, dedicated to the Holy Trinity, was built, about 15 years ago, in pursuance of the directions of Lady Thompson’s will. A recent vicar, the Rev. S. L. Berthon, was favourably known for his exertions in the improvement of life- boats and his general scientific attainments. The seats in this neighbourhood are numerous. On the east side of the town, in a fine park, stands Camw’s Haut (S. R. Delmé, Esq.), with sea-views which are to be envied; Locke Court (unoccupied) is on the north; Upnanps (Mrs. Huddart) is situated on rising ground near North Fareham ; BLACKBROOK (Sir R. Parker), and Heaturietp (Admiral Tryon) are north- west of Fareham. JBehind the town rises the lofty ridge of Portsdown Hill, 7 miles from east to west. ae About 24 miles 8.W. of Fareham is TITCHFIELD (Pop. 4571. Inn: Queen’s Head), The town, ancient but decayed, is situated on the navigable river Arle, which rolls through a pleasant valley to its junction with the Solent, nearly opposite the mouth of the Medina, The Cxurcu, recently restored, is one of which the townsmen may be justly proud. The south wall of the nave, the chancel walls, and the richly-moulded west doorway, are Norman; the north aisle is late Perpen- dicular ; two Early English arches open from the nave into a Decorated chapel on the south side, and yet, despite of this diversity of styles, the general effect is particularly impressive. The south chapel is filled with memorials of the Southampton family ; remark the stately mausoleum erected by Henry, second Earl of Southampton, died 1581, for himself, his mother, and his father, Sir THomMas WRIoTHESLEY, died 1550, chancellor to Henry VIII. On the summit lies recumbent, in robes of state, the effigy of the Countess ; on either side, upon a lower slab, is placed an effigy of one of the Earls. The great WICKHAM. 3a chancellor’s body was removed hither from the church of St. Andrew’s, Holborn, in 1552. A monument to Miss Hornpy can hardly be regarded as one of the best specimens of Chantrey’s genius. The Perpendicular north aisle has, without sufficient reason, been claimed as William of Wykeham’s work. There are two neat churches in this parish, at Crofton and Sainbury: the latter on the brow of the hill which rises from the river at Bursledon Bridge. The remains of TrtcHFIELD Hovusse—or Funtley Abbey, as it is locally called—ti half-a-mile north-east of the village, on a breadth of rich green sward which slopes to the river-bank. It occupies the site of a Priory of Premonstratensian Canons, founded by Bishop Peter de Rupibus, temp. Henry III, whose lands and revenues fell, at the Dissolution, to the share of Sir Thomas Wriothesley, the builder of the house whose picturesque ruins have been so often transferred to the sketcher’s note-book. In Leland’s time it was “a right statlie house, embattled, and having a goodlie gate, and a conducte castelid in the middle of the court of it, in the very place where the late monasterie stoode.” Edward VI. visited it in 1552 on his western progress, but its chief historical interest centres in the shelter it afforded, in 1647, to Charles L, on his escape from Hampton Court. Here he was received by the Dowager Countess with a joyous loyalty, and from hence he might have removed to the continent had not Ashburnham undone him by seeking Colonel Hammond’s pro- tection. ‘The king was conveyed from Titchfield to Carisbrooke Castle, Isle of Wight. Our route now lies to the north-east, and passing Funtley Mill, we regain the main London road at a point below RocHE Court. We leave its pleasant grounds on our right—pass the hamlet of Crockerhill on our left—and keep due north to WICKHAM (population, 1101). Away to the east lies Rooxs- BuRY Park (J. Garnier), a well-wooded demesne, encircling a handsome modern mansion. For us the chief interest of Wickham, as it lies all peaceful and still among the rich meadows and pleasant groves of the valley of the Arle, is connected with the birth of the great priest- architect, the founder of the glory of Winchester, the creator of Windsor Castle—William of Wickham (Wykeham). He was D 34 ENVIRONS OF PORTSMOUTH. born here of humble parents, John and Sibylla Perot, in 1324; sent at an early age to Winchester School, and afterwards to Oxford, at the expense of Sir Nicholas Avedale, lord of Wickham, who had the sagacity to discern and appreciate his protegé’s genius; and presented by him to Edward III. who appointed him Surveyor of the Royal Castle. At this time he was noted for his architectural skill and comely person. “He was called Long,’ says Fuller, “from the height of his stature, though since it may apply to the perpetuity of his memory, which will last as long as the world endureth, for his two fair foundations at OxForRD, begun 1379; finished 1386 ; and WINCHESTER, begun 1387 ; finished 1393.” He became successively Secretary of State, Keeper of the Privy Seal, Lord Chancellor of England, and Bishop of Winchester. The shadow of the royal disfavours rested upon his later years, but Bishop Wykeham not the less pursued those great “benefactions to learning” which are “not to be paralleled by any British subject in all particulars.” He died at the age of 80, at his castle at Waltham, September 20, 1404, and was buried with great splendour at Winchester Cathedral. WickHAamM CuHurcH has a Norman west doorway, and has been carefully restored and enlarged. m= The railway, which, as far as Wickham, we have kept within sight and hearing, now diverges abruptly to the north- west, and proceeds through Botley to Salisbury. Southampton lies, by road, about 10 miles west. Leaving Wickham and its woodlands behind him, the stalwart pedestrian proceeds up gentle hills, and down into shadowy dells, and crosses a patch or so of furzy heath—the river Arle, “a troutful stream,” keeping him company with its light and music—to SOBERTON (Jnn: White Lion), while its Perpendicular church will detain him awhile. Tradition asserts that its low square tower was built by an industrious serving- man and maid, who had long lived as ‘‘ domestics” in the “ great house.” Their devices—the butler’s head and key, and the dairymaid’s pail, separated by a grisly skull—are certainly sculptured on the west front. The nave terminates in three good Early English arches. The curacy is united with the rectory of Meonstoke. After passing, left, Mip~ineron Piack, we soon reach MEONSTOKE——-CORHAMPTON. 35 DROXFORD (Inn: White Horse), The village is large and surrounded by numerous farms. The parish church, restored in _ 1872, is of various dates. The north and south doorways and the chancel arch are Norman, while on each side of the nave is an Early English arcade of four bays. There is a church library con- taining some scarce volumes. At SHEDFIELD, 4 miles south-west, and Swanmore, 3 miles south-west, there are district churches. [Either from Droxford or Soberton may be visited the Early English Cnurcu of HAMBLEDON (Inn: New). Its situation is picturesque. It contains 4 Norman arches, and a high altar, dedicated by Bishop de Orleton in 1334. At DEANSEND, 1 mile south, an ancient chapel has been converted into a farm-house. Numerous excellent gentlemen’s seats enliven the neighbourhood, and the Hambledon Fox- hounds (established in 1767) have gained a deserved celebrity.] Two miles north of Droxford we reach MEONSTOKE (popula- tion, 474), 62 miles from London, and penetrate into the very heart of the ancient province of the MEONWARE, a pictish tribe, whose country, together with the Isle of Wight, was bestowed by Wuljhere of Mercia upon Edilwalch, King of the South Saxons, about 681, when Archbishop Wilfrid preached to them the Christian faith. The CHuRc#H is an interesting Decorated struc- ture, with a nave, chancel, north and south aisles, and west tower. The chancel has been ascribed to William of Wykeham, whose “rose” encircles the east window. A canopied niche on each side is similarly “marked.” Two coffins of Purbeck marble, sculptured with a processional cross, are here preserved. The font is Norman and curious. “ There exists in the churchyard, about three feet below the surface, a curious deposit or petrefaction, specimens of which are kept in the church. The water of the brook near at hand encrusts with a coarse accretion the pebbles and edges of brick- work in contact with it. In a meadow on the bank of this stream grows one of the noblest willow-trees that ever flourished by the water-courses. The girth is 23 feet, and it contains 10 loads of timber, of which 5 are in the trunk”—(Mwrray). On the opposite bank of the river is CORHAMPTON (population, 275), and about 1 mile further north stands EXTON (population, 289). CoRHamMPtTon CuuRCH is undoubtedly Saxon, and sanguine antiquaries would ascribe some portions of it to the days of St Wilfrid, who first preached the gospel of Christianity 36 ENVIRONS OF PORTSMOUTH. to the Meonware. The observer should remark the peculiarities of workmanship which distinguish the exterior ; the narrow pilasters springing from a basement of stone —the two rude corbels on the south side, and another on the north which is set upon the keystone of a projecting arch—and the consecration stone or sun-dial, roughly enriched at the angles with a trefoil ornament. The chancel-arch is semicircular, and of the rudest construction. On one side is an ancient pulpit ; on the other, a white marble monument to Walter Long, of Preshaw House, and his family. A stone chair stands within the altar-rails, and the ancient altar-slab, engraved with five rude crosses, is inserted in the chancel-pavement. Beneath the fine yew in the aL 2 is a slab said to have been the Saxon altar. Exton CuHurcH is Early English, with later additioge It was rebuilt in 1847. The Bishop of Winchester is patron of the rectory. ; While in this pleasant neighbourhood the tourist may climb the lofty chalk mass of OLD WincHEstTER Hitt, for the sake of the prospects which it commands, and: the old Roman estwa castra on its summit. The slopes are covered with barrows, where Roman relics have occasionally been found. It was here that Charles II. passed a day with Colonel Wyndham before his escape from Shoreham. ‘The hill is traditionally supposed to have been the site of ancient Winchester. It is best reached by a path which turns off to the right below Meonstoke Church. You then ascend its south-western slope, and keep along the ridge for about 2 miles, descending into the stream-enlivened valley where WARNFORD (Inn: George) peacefully nestles. BEacon Hi then rises before us on the opposite bank of the river, like a watch-tower designed to overlook the fair lands which stretch away to the surge of the Solent—the leafy masses of the New Forest—and the picturesque wolds of Sussex. On this side of the Arle lies the luxuriantly-wooded expanse of WARNFORD Park (H. Woods, Esq.), with its quaint modernised Elizabethan mansion—its venerable ruins—its ancient parish church. By all means pass an hour or two in this pleasant place—this true English park, which would have delighted the heart of brave Washington Irving—this happy combination of glade and upland, and shaw and furzy hollow, and smooth-shaven lawn, brightened by the silver and made musical by the ripple of the brawling WEST MEON, 37 Arle. Visit the ruins first ; that vaulted roof, those flint walls, those semicircular-arched doors and windows belong to the old manorial mansion of the St. Johns, Lords of Basing—whence the popular name “King John’s House”—who inherited it from Adam. de Port. His son William assumed the surname of St. John, as representative of his mother, the daughter and heiress of Roger de St. John, temp. Richard I. The St. Johns had their lines in pleasant places, had they not? The CHuRcH was built by the same Adam de Port, and at the same time as the manor- house, on the site of St. Wilfrid’s older structure, whose Saxon font is still extant. Read these inscriptions—one within the south porch, the other on the wall :— On THE WALL. ‘“ Ade hic de portu, solis benedicat ab ortu Gens cruce signata, per quem sum sic renovata.”’ WITHIN THE PorcH. “ Fratres orate, prece vestra sanctificate Templi factores, seniores et juniores. Wilfrid fundavit, bonus Adam sic renovavit.”’ The tower is Norman, the rest is Early English. A sun-dial on the south wall is probably Saxon. It resembles that at Cor- hampton. Remark, in the interior, the confessional seats, and the recessed niche for the sacred vessels. A stately marble monu- ment, with effigies, commemorates certain members of the Neale family. The Rev. J. Wynne is patron of the vicarage (£502). WEST MEON is 2 miles from Warnford Church, at the base of a considerable hill, which is “clapped down upon the level of the valley, just as you would put a goblet, with the foot and stem broken off, and turned upside down, upon a table” —(Codbett). The church was rebuilt in 1843 at the ‘expense of the late Archdeacon Bailey, in the Decorated style, with. an embattled tower, much stained glass, and some good oaken carvings. ‘The living is a rectory, valued at £729, in the gift of the Bishop of Winchester. , {EAST MEON (population, 1559), lies about 8 miles south-east, beyond Wesrt- BuRY House (J. D. Lewis), and ona branch of the Titchfield River. The chalk hills rise up on either side of the valley in which it is situated, with a noble swell. The tourist must not fail to visit its Norman CuurcH: cruciform in plan, with a * central tower, anda spire of later date. The chancel and south aisles are Early 38 WINCHESTER. English. To Bishop Walkelyn, cousin of William the Conqueror, is ascribed the - Norman portion, The Front is very remarkable, and strongly resembles in character and material the famous one in Winchester Cathedral ; its sculpture represents the Expulsion of Adam and Eve from Paradise, and ‘‘their subsequent instruction in the arts of husbandry and spinning.” The stone pulpit is Perpendicular. The Saints’ or Sancte Bell still hangs in the south-west window of thetower. The vicar- age, valued at £903, and in the patronage of the Bishop of Winchester, has annexed to it the chapelries of FROXFIELD (population, 691) and STEEP (population, 600). The former village is 4 miles north-east of East Meon. Steep lies about 1 mile farther east of East Meon, in the hilly country north of Petersfield, and near the Godalming branch of the South-Western Railway.] WINCHESTER. [Hotels: Royal, George, Black Swan, Railway, Market, and White Swan. Distances: London, 664 m.; Southampton, 18 m.; Salisbury, 29 m.; Portsmouth, 27 m.; Basingstoke, 19 m.; Andover, 14 m.; Bishopstoke, 7 m.; Micheldever, 5 m.; New Alresford, 7m. Population, 17,780.] The fine old city of Winchester is richer in historical associa- tions than any other spot in England. It is the city where Saxon and Norman sovereigns in the stormy times of old held barbaric state, where the remains of King Alfred the Great re- pose—where Canute lies, that old Norse king with his wild but generous sympathies—and William the Red, smitten down in the pride of manhood by a chance arrow. With it are associated the names of William of Wykeham and Cardinal Beaufort, and Wolsey and Bishop Kenn, and it glories in the possession of one of the most magnificent of cathedrals. Winchester might not inaptly be termed the City of Saints ; its hills bear the sacred names of St. Catherine and St. Magdalene ; its streets those of St. Swithin, St. John, St. Thomas, St. James, St. Peter, and St. George. The view of the city obtained from the summit of the adja- cent hills is not to be rivalled by anything of the kind in Eng- land. Grassy downs spring up somewhat abruptly from a fair open valley, and the broad meadows are watered by the mean- dering Itchen. The grand old Cathedral, in the midst of the town, stands eminent as an everlasting memorial of Gothic art ; the pinnacled tower of the College of William of Wykeham, and the massy pile of the Hospital of St. Cross, may be seen farther to the south ; while the ivied walls and venerable ruins of Wolves- ley Castle lie beneath us and the cathedral. At other points rise the downs of St. Magdalene, the beech-crowned height of St. Cathe- ov S ARB Mousse: a = 4 na a PLAN OF Chains 10 RT RY NG Pte Na = MY SMisGey fay! / 7 SLAAMLS WLVOLSVE = = = Se ‘ ss SY ASSES * \ AS, XG ge Colle, 20 Chains NCHESTER 10 sal he Shae ere 85 i ‘ WINCHESTER. 39 rine, and St. Giles’ Hill, where was formerly held an annual fair which lasted sixteen days. On this height, as on that of St. Catherine’s, stood a famous chapel—small trace of either now remaining ; and here was beheaded the Saxon patriot, Earl Wal- theof, at the stern bidding of William the Conqueror, Other notable scenes attract our attention ; but we can only pause to point out Hyde Meadow, where gallant Guy of Warwick, on be- half of his Saxon brothers, contended with, and overpowered, the Dane giant, Colbrand :— * And afterwards he offered up The use of weapons solemnlie At Winchester, whereat he fought, In sight of many far and nye.” In Hyde Meadow—Leland calls it “ Denmark” Meadow—once reposed the dust of our glorious Alfred, that true King of Men, on whose brow a Divine hand had stamped the mark of great- ness. But enough of the general character of the picture: we shall now shortly notice the details, The City Tables assert that Winchester was founded by a monarch named Ludor Rous Hudibras, 892 years before the birth of our Saviour. This is undoubtedly an idle fiction, but we are justified in believing that it was founded long before the invasion of Britain by the Roman Eagles, and was known as Caer Gwent —the White City, or City of Chalk, which the Romans latinized into Venta, an appellation still discernible in the modern name. “There were several Gwents in Britain,” says Dr. Quest, “and the Romans obtained their name for the capital town by turning Gwent into a feminine substantive, and then adding the name of the race which inhabited the particular district ; as Venta Bel- garum, Venta Icenorum, Venta Silurum,’ etc. VENTA BEL- GARUM was linked by Roman roads, which still exist, with the stronghold at Portus Maenvs, the opulent city of CaLLEva, the harbour of CLAUSENTUM, and the fair inland town of SorBio- DUNUM. Numerous traces of the massive system of Roman polity have here been discovered, and there are undoubted proofs that in the days of Roman Imperialism “ Venta” was a city of mark and opulence. A temple to Apollo occupied the site of the present Cathedral ; a temple to Concord stood where now stands Wyke- ham’s College. The pavements were gorgeously tesselated and ‘the villas exquisitely adorned, so as to remind the Lalages and 40 - WINCHESTER, the Cornelias, the Scipios and the Lentuli of the fair Italian cities whence their ancestors had long ago set forth to follow their irresistible eagles into the depths of the distant western isles, Cerdic and his Saxons, the founders of the kingdom of Wessex, seized upon Winchester about a.D. 500; and from that time it became the seat of the regal power until Wessex was swallowed up in the general amalgamation of the states of the Heptarchy. In 635 Birinus was sent over here by Pope Hono- rius as Bishop of Winchester—the founder of an Episcopate which has contributed more great names to the English hier- archy than any other, and whose mitre is not less honoured even now than those of the two archbishoprics. Kynegils was then King of Wessex. He embraced Christianity as set forth by the good and adventurous priest, appointed him a residence at Dor- chester, and commenced in his own royal city the church or cathedral under whose roof, at a later period, Egbert assumed the crown as First King of Angleland. The Saxons softened and coalesced the latin Venta into Winte, and added ceaster, so that “ Winte-ceaster” became “ the city, or camp, upon the Downs.” Alfred here held his Witan, and issued his wise decrees. Athelstane established six mints, while Lon- don had but three. Edgar ordered the “ Winchester measure” to be accepted by all England ; and Knut hung up his crown in its Cathedral, after the celebrated scene on the sea-shore at Southampton. The Danes assaulted the town in 862, but were soon repulsed. They returned in 871 with larger forces, and completely sacked it ; but by the conquest it must have regained its original import- ance, for William regarded it as second only to London in influ- ence and wealth, and built a strong city to overawe it, which he intrusted to his kinsman and chief counsellor, William Fitz- Osbert, Earl of Hereford. ‘A recent historical writer tells us that “it was during the reign of the Conqueror’s youngest son, Henry I., and somewhat more than 700 years ago, that Winchester is said to have attained the zenith of its prosperity. Here was a royal palace, two noble castles—one on the site of the present barrack, and the other at Wolvesley ; three monasteries founded by royalty, besides: other religious houses of less note, with an incredible number of churches and chapels. We are further told that the city extended to WINCHESTER, 41 Worthy on the north, to Magdalene Hill on the east, to St. Cross on the south, and to Week on the west, or, in other words, a mile further every way than it does at present.” At this time seventy churches, chapels, and chantries, it is said, attested to the pious liberality of the burghers of the royal city. In the fiery struggles between King Stephen and the Empress Matilda it suffered greatly, but again sprung up with wonderful elasticity under Henry IL, by whom a mayor was appointed in 1184, twenty years before the metropolis itself received such a distinction. Here, with extraordinary pomp, Richard the Lion-heart was a second time crowned, on his return from his captivity. Here, too, his successor, John Lackland, degraded himself and England by his servile submission to the menaces of the papal legate, Pandulph. At the sight of the priestly train he fell upon his knees, and shed many tears. The prelates raised him from the ground, and they marched in sad procession to the chapterhouse of the Cathedral, where the degraded monarch received absolution, and was once more recon- ciled to the Holy Church. At Winchester Henry III. was born, and here Henry IV. was wedded to the fair Joan of Brittany. The meek and virtuous Henry VI. often visited its “hallowed shades.” Arthur Prince of Wales, the hopeful son of Henry VIL, first saw the light at Winchester (a.D. 1487). Bluff King Hal brought hither his guest, Charles V. of Germany, and spent a week in close examination of its glorious antiquities (A.D. 1522). His admiration did not pre- vent him from striking a heavy blow at the wealthy city. When the dissolution of religious houses took place, Winchester lost a noble income, equal to £25,000 of our present money. In 1554 the cathedral became the scene of the marriage between Philip of Spain and Queen Mary. Sir Walter Raleigh was tried here ; and many other noble gentlemen, at the command of that tyrannical pedant James J. On the Castle Hill fell the heads of three of his victims—George Brooke, and the priests Clarke and Watson. In 1644, after the victory at Cheriton, the city was captured by Sir William Waller; and Cromwell visited Winchester in 1645; and here, as at all other places, made his mark in a most legible manner. Wolvesley Castle, the Norman tower at the Westgate, the fortifications, many a goodly church and public building crumbled away beneath his ordnance. In the cathedral 42 WINCHESTER. his troopers stabled their horses, and many a saint of stone was cast down from his pride of place by these rude iconoclasts. _ Charles II. had a great affection for this picturesque city. Moody says—“ Charles was so pleased with its situation that he resolved to erect a magnificent palace, as his summer residence, on the site of the ancient castle. Sir Christopher Wren was appointed architect, and drew a plan and elevation of the whole building, partly on the model of Versailles, of which the first stone was laid at the commencement of 1683. His Majesty, in order to expedite the work, took up his residence at the Deanery, whilst his courtiers and mistresses had houses erected for them in various parts of the city. The residence of the Duchess of Ports- mouth was in St. Peter Street, and that of the celebrated Nell Gwynne in Colebrook Street. For the latter the King applied for the prebendal house of Dr. Kenn, the author of the well- known ‘ Evening Hymn,’ afterwards Bishop of Bath and Wells; but was manfully refused by the reverend occupant. For two years the work was carried on with great spirit ; but the untimely death of the King put an entire stop to it, and the unfinished building, after being several times used as a prison of war, was in the year 1810 converted into a permanent barrack.” : The decay of Winchester has been gradual. Its prosperity was at its height when the “ Great Fair” on the hill of St. Giles attracted thither the traders of Genoa, Ghent, Antwerp, Limoges, and Lyons, and the opulent merchants of London. Guards were then stationed at suitable points in the surrounding country for their protection. In 1285, a Parliament was held within its walls, and issued the Statutes of Winchester. Edward the Third made it the “ Wool-mart” of the kingdom, and then, indeed, the old city could ruffle it bravely, and its burghers were as princes ; but, thirty years afterwards, the mart was removed to Calais, and from that date to this it has been principally supported -by its Cathedral Establishment and College. Something, too, of gal- vanic life is occasionally communicated to it by its Assizes and general country business. Let us now make our way to its CarHepRAL. William Howitt has well expressed the emotions with which, we think, every intelligent mind must gaze upon so admirable a struc- ture —— “ When we walk,” he says, “ in a fabric like this, venerable with the flight of nearly a thousand years, and build up again in WINCHESTER CATHEDRAL. 43 imagination its jewelled shrines, rear aloft its glittering rood, replace all its statues of gold, and silver, and chiselled stone, and see once more—with the mind’s eye—there assembled the stately kings and queens, mitred prelates, and throngs of proud warriors and nobles of past times, amidst the magic tide of music and the imposing drama of high mass, we must prepare to confess that if the people were superstitious it was not without great temptation ; for never did human wit achieve so fair temples, or animate them with a pageantry of worship so seducing to the imagination.” Winchester Cathedral was originally founded in the second, but was destroyed in great part early in the fourth century. Kynegils, king of the West Saxons, converted, as we have shewn, by Birinus, attested the sincerity of his devotion to the new creed by commencing the minster wherein its solemn rites were to be performed. Kenelwalch, his son, completed it. King Ethelwald found it necessary to erect a new edifice in 980; but Acs work was also overthrown, and the outline of the present structure was designed by Bishop Walkelin, a cousin of William the Conqueror, making use of the oak timber of Humpage Forest. The low but massive tower in the centre, with its Norman round-headed win- dows, and the transepts, plain but stalwart, perpetuate his memory. The Western Front, in all its magnificence—“ its great central doorway, with its two smaller side doors ; the fretted gallery over it, where the Bishop in his pontificals was wont to stand and bless the people, or absolve them from the censures of the church ; its noble window, rich with perpendicular tracery ; its two slender lantern turrets ; its crowning tabernacle, with its statue of the builder; and its pinnacled side aisles”—in all the pomp and pride of ecclesiastical art, was the grand conception of Bishop Edingdon (1345-66), completed by William of Wykeham (1367-1404). The eastern end was rebuilt in 1500 by Bishop Fox. The Lady Chapel attests the genius and piety of Prior Silkstede. Additions and improvements were also made by Cardinal Beaufort (1404-47), and Waynflete (1447-86). Before proceeding to notice in detail the principal features of the Cathedral, we call the attention of our readers to the follow- ing table, which will enable them to form some idea of its grandeur in comparison with the extent of the other English Cathedrals :— 44 WINCHESTER CATHEDRAT. qa| 2/215) 2 | Sees NAME OF Es 8 Ss ra Ss ° om Sa 43 |g) Salat | SE] 3g Tue CATHEDRAL. Eo = &p be "ep ZS des Ris A S) 5 a o 5 ® 3s wi 4 +e | sa iat o Winchester......... 560 | 208 | 250 | 138 78 86 | 140 eas Work -\ es daosscsecncxel Det.) 222e eoleeeen 99 | 109 | 213 | 196 aL Y osc rura cheaite seine 517°) L780 B20 1 .0e 70 73 1-118 \270 Canterbury......... 514 | 140 | 214] 150 | 80] 74 | 235 | 130 St Paul’s...:........| 500 | 248 | 306 | 105 88 | 107 | 356 | 221 Tdncoinin ee .. 498 | 227 | 272 | 158 83 83 | 288 | 270 Westminster ......| 489 | 189 | 130 | 152 | 101 96 Feed) \8"> Salisbury ........... 452 | 210 | 246 | 140} 84] 76 | 400) ... Darian... kts: 420 | 176 | 240 | 117 70 80 | 212 | 143 Gloucester ......... 420 | 144 | 174 | 130 67 84 | 261 aot Norwich ............ A121 ot 77a SIS eee 73 72 | 313 The West Front (118 feet broad) was designed by Bishop Edingdon ; he pulled down the ancient Norman work, which | extended about 40 feet further. In the niche, above the Perpen- dicular window, stands a statue of William of Wykeham. ‘The vacant brackets were formerly occupied with figures of Saints Peter and Paul. Let us now enter the Cathedral by the WustERN DooRway— the nave and choir stretch before us in all the beauty of their un- equalled perspective, nearly 400 feet in length, and thronged with objects of wonderful beauty. It is difficult, nay, it is impossible, to convey in words any adequate idea of this magnificent vista. The exterior of Winchester Cathedral is surpassed by that of Salisbury, York, and Chichester ; but this grand effect, this coup @ ceil of architectural splendour, is unequalled by any other eccle- siastical edifice, English or continental. When the tourist gazes upon it, let him do silent homage, but sincere, to the memory of William of Wykeham. The CHANTRIES or chapels, containing the tombs of certain potent prelates, are not the least notable of the wonders of Win- chester. Adjoining the nave are the Chantries of Bishop Wyke- ham (1366-1404) and Bishop Edingdon (1345-66). The former is marvellous in the beauty of its details, A central pedestal sup- ports a recumbent marblefigure of the Bishop in hispontifical robes, — a nmeas, eM LLIE RN WINCHESTER CATHEDRAL — iNSTITUTION a eel 4 5 PRESBYTERY NORTH satin 6 pert TRANSEPT . Lady Chapel Guardian Angel's ‘‘do.” . Langton’s ‘* do.” and Tomb . Venerable Chapel . Silkstede’s *‘ do.” . Holy Sepulchre ‘‘do.” . St. Swithin’s “do.” (site of) . Tribune . Wykeham’s Chantry and To. 10. Edington’s ‘‘ do.” “do.” 11. Gardiner’s “do.” ‘‘do.” 12. Fox’s Chantry and Tomb 13. Beaufort’s ‘*do.” *‘do,” 14. Waynflete’s ‘‘ do.” ‘* do.” 15. Silkstede’s Tomb 16. Wilberforce’s Tomb 17. Rufus’s Tomb 18. Zhe Holy Hole 19. Reredos 20. Holy Water Stoup OHARA PwonNre ; SG MULIE'S i INSTITUTION i GLasgov 4 THE FONT, TRIBUNE, AND SOUTH AISLE. 45 the pillows being supported by two angels, while at the feet are three ecclesiastics who, it is said, represent his three assistants— John Wayte, his controller, Simon de Membury, his surveyor, and William Wynford, his architect. The sides are blazoned with trefoil arches, crocketed spandrils, mitres, and armorial bearings. In the nave, on the left side, stands the famous Fonz, sculp- tured some eight hundred years ago, in blue lias stone, and deco- rated with the quaintest conceivable designs of human figures and doves, embodying the acts of St. Nicholas of Myra, In the nave, too (about the walls), are numerous monuments :—Mrs. Montague, d. 1800, the wit and “ blue stocking ;” Bishop Willis, a worthy but little-noted priest ; the elder Warton, kindly Joseph Warton, excellent poet Warton, genial schoolmaster Warton, d. 1800, by Flaxman ; good Bishop Morley ; liberal Bishop Hoadley, d.1761, a controversialist, yet never a satirist ; Sir George Prevost, d. 1816, by Chantrey ; and Bishop Zomline, d. 1820, by West- macott. Over the north-west door is the TRIBUNE, formerly made use of by the musicians on important festivals. Professor Willis observes, that the nave of Winchester Cathedral exhibits “ one of the most curious instances of transformation from one style of architecture to another that has been preserved to us ; for although at present a complete and perfect specimen of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, it is yet in the heart and core of its structure, from the ground to the roof, the original Vorman building com- menced, if not completed, by Bishop Walkelin.” Bishop Edingdon commenced this transformation, and William of Wykeham carried it out, employing the stone of the Binstead quarries, near Quarr Abbey, in the Isle of Wight.. The north side was finished by Cardinal Beaufort (1404-47) and Bishop Waynflete (1447-86). The bosses of the vault of the nave exhibit William of Wykeham’s arms and the devices of Beaufort—a white hart chained, and Waynflete—the lily. Observe the Norman arches behind the tri- forium, and other Norman indications at various points. The stone Screen, at the choir-entrance, is modern. It was designed by Garbett. The bronze statues are those of James I. and Charles L, removed from an earlier screen, by Inigo Jones. The Roundhead soldiers, during the Civil War, mutilated that of “ Charles Stuart.” Note in the Sours AISLE the elaborate chantry of Bishop Foz whilom premier of England ; and Flaxman’s eloquent marble of 46 WINCHESTER CATHEDRAL. Bishop North’s wife; and Dean Cheyne’s jasper monument. The visitor will also note, opposite, the PREsByTERY erected by Bishop de Lucy about the year 1190, and the chantries of the great Cardinal Beaufort, on the south side, and of the liberal Waynflete, the same who founded Magdalene College, Oxford, on the north. The east aisle of the south transept is divided into two chapels. On the floor of that on the right, Prior Silkstede’s, there is a black . marble slab with a poetical epitaph to the Prince of Anglers, the friend of poets—himself blessed with a poetic temperament, if not poetic genius—Isaak Walton, born at Stafford 9th Aug. 1593, and died at Winchester 15th Dec. 1683. Peace and honour to him! Great thanks should we owe him—says a kindred spirit—had he never left us any other sentiment than that which he penned down when he heard the nightingale singing as he sat angling — ‘‘Lord, what music hast thou provided for the saints in Heaven, when thou affordest bad men such music on earth!” ‘* Votis modestis sic flerunt liberi.” In this transept is the magnificently carved tomb of Samuel Wilberforce, Bishop, first of Oxford and then of Winchester.: The only criticism to be passed on it is that the upper slab seems somewhat too heavy for the strength of the supporting angels, The new screen is an elaborate work by Sir Gilbert Scott. The late Bishop’s pastoral staff is preserved in the north- west end of the transept, an interesting relic. We pass into the Corr, 138 feet in length. Deep, swarthy, - oaken stalls ; a richly-wrought pontifical throne ; a noticeable pulpit, the gift of that prior Silkstede, of whom we have already spoken ; a simple stone which marks the spot where William the Red King (d. 1100) was buried—his bones were removed by Henry de Blois in the twelfth century, and are enshrined in two of the mortuary chests above the Screen, with the dust of Knut, Queen Emma, and two Saxon prelates; and ranges of stone coffins, containing the regal dust of Kynegils, and Kenelwalch, and Egbert, and Ethelwulph, Edmund, Edred, and Knut, and his . good queen, Emma ; these are the objects which we gaze at, and reluctantly pass by. THE ALTAR-SCREEN, LADY CHAPEL, ETC. 47 The ALTAR-SCREEN is perhaps the richest and most exquisite specimen of the Pointed style in England. Previous to the Reformation the niches were occupied by figures of saints. West’s famous production, the “ Raising of Lazarus from the Dead,” is the altar-piece, and has been celebrated in a prize poem by Howley, Archbishop of Canterbury, died 1848. The east win- dow, over the altar-screen, is filled up with fragments of painted glass. Figures of Christ, the Virgin, St. Bartholomew, St. Ethel- wold, a bishop of Winchester in the tenth century, St. Peter, St. Paul, St. Swithin, and the prophets Joel and Malachi, may easily be traced. The Lapy CHaPEt, or Chapel dedicated to the Virgin Mary, was built by Prior Silkstede. It has been fitted for early morn- ing services. “The walls are covered by mutilated remains of some ancient fresco paintings, illustrative of legendary tales relating to the miracles of the Virgin ; one only, ‘The Annunciation, is from Scripture. They are twenty-four in number, and are arranged as architectural compartments. Among the most striking are that of St. Gregory’s procession during the plague at Rome in his pontificate, in which he bore a picture of the Virgin, painted by St. Luke ; that of a drowning monk saved by the Virgin ; and of a woman who died without confession, and by the intercession of the Virgin was restored to life till she had confessed her sins. Of the tales, the most curious are those of the thief, who’ prayed to the Virgin even in the commission of theft, and who, in con- sequence, was saved from hanging ; and of the painter, who, for depicting the devil in his proper ugliness, had his scaffold over- turned while painting the figure of the Virgin, and was saved by an arm from the picture sustaining him until assistance arrived. Originally all the subjects had an inscription beneath, describing them in full. Many of them still remain with reference to a collection of legends, giving chapter, book, and page.” Here Mary of England was wedded to Philip of Spain, July 25, 1554. The faldstool on which she sat is still preserved. Observe here Chantrey’s statue of Bishop Worth, d. 1820. — To the north of this Chapel is that of the GuarpIAN ANGELS, its ceiling still glowing with the colours of old paintings of angels and legendary saints. Lan@ton’s CHAPEL contains the tomb of Bishop Langton, who died of the plague in 1500. Remark the rebuses sculptured on the vault: a semibreve, or 48 WINCHESTER, Jong, with a “ton,” for Langton ; a hen and a ton, for his prior, Henton ; and a vine and ton, for the see of Wenton, or Winchester, The Crypt and the CHAPEL OF THE SEPULCHRE are portions of the ancient pile, which possess little interest for the casual visitor. [The first bishop of Winchester was Birinus (634-50), the Apostle of the West Saxons. Nineteenth bishop was St. Swithin (852-63), whose name is of such ill omen to the weather-wise rustic. His remains were at first buried in the church- yard, and their removal into the feretury of the Cathedral was delayed by forty days of incessant rain, hence the popular superstition that ‘*St. Swithin’s day, if thou dost rain, For forty days it will remain ; St. Swithin’s day, if thou be fair, For forty days ’t will rain na mair.” So Gay sings, in his Trivia :-— “‘Tf on St. Swithin’s feast the welkin towers, And every penthouse streams with hasty showers, Twice twenty days shall clouds their fleeces drain, And wash the welkin with incessant rain.” Twenty-ninth was Ethelwald, who rebuilt the cathedral, and sold allits plate and all his own, in a bitter famine, for the good of the poor. Henry de Blois was the thirty-eighth. He was a brother of King Stephen, and had in him something of that warrior-sovereigfn’s stormy spirit. Forty-four years did he enjoy the revenues ot his see, and he founded Wolvesley Castle, and Farnham Castle—the present epis- copal palace—and St. Cross a He died in 1174, leaving behind him a memory and a name. William of Wykeham, priest, architect, and statesman, to whom Winchester is so deeply indebted, both in regard to her cathedral and her college, was the fifty-third bishop. Beaufort, brother of Bolingbroke (afterwards Henry IV.) and son of the famous John of Gaunt, was translated from Lincoln to Winchester in 1404, and at no distant date was honoured with a cardinal’s hat. He has made his mark—this restless and aspiring prelate—on the page of history, and he lives for everin the deathless verse _ of Shakspeare. Here is his character :— ‘*Oft have I seen the haughty cardinal— More like a soldier than a man o’ the church, As stout and proud as he were lord of all— Swear like a ruffian, and demean himself, Unlike the ruler of a common weal.” The haughty cardinal held the see of Winchester three and forty years, and was buried in the cathedral. His death-scene, as pictured by the poet of all time, let us read in silence andin awe. [Note, that good King Henry Sixth, and certain of his nobles, are watching around the death-bed of the stormy son of Gaunt}— ““K,. Henry. How fares, my lord? Speak, Beaufort, to thy sovereign. Cardinal. If thou be’st Death, I’ll give thee England’s treasure, Enough to purchase such another island, So thou wilt let me live and feel no pain. K. Henry. Ah, what a sign it is of evil life, When death’s approach is seen so terrible ! Warwick. Beaufort, it is thy sovereign speaks to thee. Cardinal. Bring me unto my trial when you will. WINCHESTER—ITS BISHOPS, 49 Died he not in his bed? where should he die? Can I make men live whe’r they will or no? O! torture me no more, I will confess. - Alive again? then shew me where he is ; I'll give a thousand pound to look upon him.— ~ He hath no eyes, the dust hath blinded them— Comb down his hair ; look ! look ! it stands upright, Like lime-twigs set to catch my winged soul |— Give me some drink, and bid the apothecary Bring the strong poison that I bought of him. K. Henry. O thou eternal mover of the heavens, Look with a gentle eye upon this wretch ! O, beat away the busy meddling fiend That lays strong siege unto the wretch’s soul, And from his bosom purge this black despair. Warwick. See how the pangs of death do make him grin. Salisbury. Disturb him not, let him pass peaceably.” But powerful as is this sombre picture, there is little doubt that it is historically false, and that the Cardinal died ‘‘as good men die.” (See the ‘‘ Chronicles of Croyland Abbey,” under the year 1486, where we are told that his end was “mirandum, factum gloriosi et catholici viri.’’) Greatest of all who ever occupied this bishopric was Thomas Wolsey, the butcher’s son of Ipswich, but not the less a cardinal legate, an archbishop (of York), a bishop (of Winchester, Durham, Bath, and Wells), and second in the wealthy English realm only to Henry the King. Next to Wolsey came Stephen Gardiner, appointed in 1534, died 1535, buried at Winchester, and remembered for his persevering hatred of the converts to Protes- tantism. On his death-couch he exclaimed, it is said, “‘ Hrravi cum Petro, sed non flevi cwm Petro” (I have erred with Peter, but have not wept with him). Laneelot Andrews occupied the see from 1618-32; Hoadley, from 1734 to 1761. Its present occupant was consecrated in 1873, The Cathedral establishment consists of a dean and five canons, four minor canons, one organist, one deputy-organist, and ten choristers. The yearly revenue averages £22,000. There are two choral services daily: at 10 and 4 in summer, 10 and 3 in the winter. : faz To our general view of the Cathedral we may add the following details, for. the convenience of the tourists who may wish to examine it more closely :— Inscription on William of Wykeham’s Tomb. ‘ Wilhelminus dictus Wykeham, jacet hic nece victus ; Istius ecclesie presul, reparavit eamque. Largus erat dapifer, probat hoc cum divite pauper 3 Consiliis pariter regni fuerat bene dexter. Hunc nocet esse pium fundatio collegiorum, Oxonize primum fiat, Wintonizque secundum. Jugiter oretis, tumulum quicunque videtis, Pro tantis meritis ut sit sibi vita perennis.” ‘‘ Here, overthrown by death, lies William surnamed Wykeham $ He was bishop of this church, which he repaired, He was unbounded in hospitality, as the rich and poor alike can prove, He was also an able politician, and a counsellor of the state ; By the colleges which he founded, his piety is made known: E 50 WINCHESTER. The first of which is at Oxford, and the second at Winchester. You, who behold this tomb, cease not to pray That, for such great merits, he may enjoy life everlasting.” List of the principal Monwments not previously noticed :— Audley, Earl, Presbytery, 8. aisle. Morley, Bishop, nave, N. aisle. Balguy, Dr. Thos., nave, 8S. aisle. Naylor, Dean, nave, 8. aisle. Banbury, Earl, nave, N. aisle. Nicholas, De Ely, Bishop, Presbytery, Cheney, Dean, nave, S$. aisle. 8. aisle. Chernocke, V., Sir, nave, N. aisle. North, Henrietta, nave, 8. aisle. Coker, W., Dr., Presbytery, N. aisle. Ogle, Chaloner, N. transept, 8. side. Combe, M., Dr., nave, N. aisle. Poulter, Brownlow, Rev., nave, N. aisle. Crawford, A., Dr., nave, N. aisle. Pyle, Dr., nave, 8. aisle. Davies, Mary, Mrs., 8. transept. Rennell, Dean, N. transept. Exeter, Countess, nave, central aisle. Richards, Chas., Rev., nave, N. aisle. Fell, Captain, nave, 8. aisle. Serres, John, N. transept. Garbett, W., N. transept, east side. Stanley, Dr., nave, S. aisle. Harris, Dr., nave, 8. aisle. Symonds, Wm. (founder of Christ’s Hos Horue, Bishop, nave, central aisle. pital, Winton), Presbytery, N. aisle. Iremonger, F. Rev., with an effigy, N. | Thomas, Bishop, nave, 8. aisle. transept. Townshend, Sir Isaac, 8. transept. Knollys, Thos., nave, 8. aisle. Trimwell, Bp., nave, central aisle. Langton, Bp., Presbytery, 8. aisle. Turner, Dr., Presbytery, 8. aisle. Leving, Bp., Presbytery, 8. aisle. Two Brothers, nave, N. aisle. Littlehales, Dr., nave, N. aisle. Walkelin, Bp., 8. transept. Mews, Bishop, Presbytery, N. aisle. Watson, Bp., nave, central aisle. Morgan, Col, nave, N. aisle. There are also two Crimean memorials: one, of black and white marble, with military figures, to Major-General Sir John Campbell, Bart., d. 1855, erected by the officers and soldiers of the 30th regiment; and another of white Carrara marble, with a bas-relief of an angel mourning over the body of a dead soldier, to those offi- cers and soldiers of the 7th Fusiliers who fell in the campaigns of 1854-55.] From the Cathedral we wander into the CLOSE, whose air of monastic seclusion has for the weary mind a wonderful charm ; and notice, on the south-west buttress, a curious anagram, forming the words, “ Jllac, precator; hac viator, ambula,” in this wise :— ~ IhG . PREC AC ATOR vA H AMBULA VEE epidt In the slype, or narrow way in front, a similar fancy gives us— . Sacra sit illa choro, serva sit ista foro,” as thus :-— WILLIAM OF WYKEHAM’S COLLEGE, 51 The Close occupies the site of the old Priory cloisters, pulled down by Bishop Horne in 1563. This Benedictine House con- sisted of a prior and forty monks, and at the epoch of the Disso- lution, their revenues, amounting to £1500 per annum, were appropriated to the maintenance of the new chapter. The Prior's House is now the Deanery ; its arched entrance, temp. Henry III, remains, and the Hall, though now divided into seve- ral apartments. Here Charles II. frequently lodged on his visits to Winchester to watch the progress of his new palace. On one occasion he was accompanied by Nell Gwynne, for whom the pre- bendal house, then inhabited by Ken, was set apart. The good man refused admission to so lewd a woman, and King Charles had the sense to appreciate his virtuous courage. When the see of Bath and Wells soon afterwards became vacant, he asked, “Where is the good little man who refused his lodging to poor Nell ?” and bestowed the bishopric upon him. ; A “curious wooden structure” with an Edwardian roof, and corbels fashioned into the heads of a king and bishop—Church and State—is now made use of for the Dean’s StaBLE. Oppo- site the Deanery some apartments with groined roofs, and thir- teenth century work, are said to form a portion of the STRANGERS’ Hatt ; and a passage, by the old Chapter House, leads to the CATHEDRAL LIBRARY, whose boast and pride is a gloriously illu- minated copy of the Vulgate, dating from the first half of the twelfth century. Our next ramble must conduct us to “the parent of Eton, and the model of Westminster,” WILLIAM of WYKEHAM’S COLLEGE, founded by that prelate in 1387, and dedicated to the Virgin Mary. On the 28th of March 1393 it was solemnly opened, to the infinite joy of its founder, and the exceeding admiration of the people. It occupied the site of an earlier school where (it is said) four Saxon kings were educated, and where Wykeham himself first “drank deep” at “the Pierian spring.” His design was a great one, and enlarged the principles of education hitherto accepted in England. It was, in fact, the institution of a preparatory school, to which his New College at Oxford was intended to be the sup- plement. He appointed a warden and ten fellows, representing the eleven apostles ; two masters, and seventy scholars, the number 5g WINCHESTER. of our Saviour’s disciples ; three chaplains, and three clerks, the six faithful deacons—Nicholas the apostate not being considered ; and sixteen choristers, who indicated the four greater and twelve lesser prophets. The original foundation remains as Wykeham established it ; but, in addition, a considerable number of “ com- moners” are received and educated. For years it has held an honourable place among our great public schools, and it has con- tributed to the literature and history of England—Archbishop Chicheley ; Bishops Waynflete and Fox ; Archbishop Warham ; Bishops Bilson, Kenn, Lowth, Burgess, Huntingford, and Maud ; Admirals Sir J. Keats, and Sir J. Borlase Warren ; General Lord Seaton, General Sir R. England, Sir Henry Wotton ; Speakers Onslow, Cornwall, Sidmouth, and Lord Eversley, the Earl of Shaftesbury, Sir Thomas Browne, Harris the essayist ; the poets Otway, Collins, Somerville, Young, Dibdin, Ambrose Phillips, and Lisle Bowles, Archbishop Howley, Sidney Smith, e¢ cum multis alivs. What a vast but silent influence upon our laws, letters,. and fame has Wykeham’s college exercised ! A new “Governing Body” has been elected under the Public Schools Act of 1868, The scholars are chosen annu- ally at an election in July, and as vacancies occur in New College, Oxford, they are filled up from this school. They re- ceive annually a black college gown, in which they must at all times appear, and those who can prove their relation to the family of Wykeham, receive annually forty shillings. After the annual midsummer examination, the celebrated song of “ Dulce Domum” is sung by the boys in the courts and grounds of the - eollege, and produces a fine effect. It was written, we are told, by a boy who was detained at the college during the holidays, ‘and who also amused himself by cutting the “misemaze” or ‘labyrinth on St. Catherine’s hill. When his self-imposed task was completed he fell into a despondency and died,—died beneath a wide-branching elm, which for years was known as the “ Domum tree.” The buildings form two quadrangles and a cloister, besides the recent additions to which we shall presently refer. In the centre stands a noble gateway tower, ornamented with a niched statue of the Virgin. Entering through it into the outer court, we notice on the east the warden’s house, a modern addition ; west, his stables; south, the second master’s residence; and north, the brew-house. A second tower opens into the inner WINCHESTER COLLEGE, 53 court. It is enriched with fine canopied niches, occupied by figures of the Virgin, Wykeham, and the archangel Gabriel. Similar statues are placed on the other side. The chapel and hall occupy the south of this quadrangle ; the buildings appro- priated to the scholars are placed on the north, east, and west. The CHaPet is a noble pile. We approach it through an anti- chapel, which is surmounted by a tower, added by Warden Thor- burn towards the close of the fifteenth century. Here are the brasses and stalls, removed from the chapel itself in 1681. Amony the former observe the memorials to John Monys, the first warden, and Bishop White, 1559. The CHAPEL is 102 feet long and 33 broad. It-is lofty ; its roof is bold and magnificent, its windows are richly emblazoned. The tourist must suppose “the removal of the obtrusive screen and wainscoting of the reformers, and in imagination restore the high altar and canopies over the stalls, carved in stone,” if he would realize the full beauty of Wykeham’s design. Then let him note the exquisite ceiling, and curious “fan tracery in wood,” afterwards imitated by Close, Henry the Sixth’s archi- tect, at King’s College, Cambridge. The grand east window, 40 feet by 24 feet, he cannot fail to admire. It represents our Saviour’s genealogical tree. At the bottom you see Jesse lying, and the tree, taking root in him, spreads itself upwards full of kings and sages, the crucifixion in the centre, and the resurrection at the summit. This painted glass, however, is almost all modern. Its merits are considerable. The figures are good, and the colouring is rich and broad. The altar-piece, representing the “Salutation of the Virgin,” by Le Moyne, was presented by Dr. Burton, a former warden. The Saoristy, and Muniment Tower above it, adjoin the north side of the chapel. Their fittings are left in their true medizval condition, worm-eaten lockers, rude and curious drawers, just as they were touched five centuries ago by William of Wyke- ham’s fingers. The CLoIsters are 132 feet square, are roofed with Irish oak, and contain many brasses. In the enclosed area is a library, erected in 1430 by John Fromond, who was a liberal benefactor to both of Wykeham’s colleges. Here is preserved William of Wykeham’s pedigree, traced up to Adam. ‘Turning back to the quadrangle, a flight of stone steps conducts to the Hatz, which is 63 feet long, 33 feet broad, and proportionately f4 WINCHESTER. lofty. It is finished with a rich open roof, the timbers of which are curiously carved and arranged, with coloured busts of kings and bishops for corbels. Along the sides are the tables of the scholars, at. the upper end is the dais, for the table of the warden and prefects. The daily dinners consist of mutton, except on Wednesdays, when beef is the fare. The scholars call their meals dispers. Descending the stairs, we proceed to a small room adjoining the kitchen, to view a curious painting of a hirco- cervus, or man-animal—French in origin—called the “Trusty Servant,” partly resembling an ass, a deer, a hog, and a man. It is thus explained (we omit the Latin) :— “A trusty servant’s portrait would you see, This emblematic figure well survey : The porker’s snout, not nice in diet shows 5 The padlock’s shut, no secrets he’ll disclose ; Patient, the ass, his master’s wrath will bear 5 Swiftness in errand, the stag’s feet declare ; Loaded his left hand, apt to labour saith ; The vest, his neatness ; open hand his faith ; Girt with his sword ; his shield upon his arm ; Himself and master he’ll protect from harm.” Between the hall stairs and the porch of the chapel is a pas- sage which leads to a fourth court. In this court is the School, 90 feet by 36 feet, which was erected chiefly at the expense of gentlemen who have been educated in the college, temp. Charles II. Over the entrance is a noble statue of Wykeham, by Gabriel Cibber, with a suitable inscription. At the east end are certain rules to be observed by the scholars ; whilst at the opposite ex- tremity are the following inscriptions and devices :— AUT DISCE, { A ee t The expected reward of learning. An inkhorn, a case of mathe- | The emblems of those who depart AUT DISCEDEH, maticalinstru- +} and choose a civil or military ments, and a life. : sword. MANET SORS The lot of those who will qualify TERTIA CEDI, | A scourge, ; themselves for neither. “ At each end stands an old-fashioned chair, one for the master, and one for the second master—with their crimson cushions ; and on the floor, instead of that succession of desks and benches, which is found in modern schools, there is here and there a sort HOSPITAL OF ST, CROSS. 55 of massy square frame-work of oak, raised on as many square posts about a foot, or something more, from the ground. ‘This serves the scholars for seats, every one having on this rude kind of frame his school-box standing by him, which having an upper lid, sup- plies him at once with a reading-desk, and a depository for his books. These boxes are termed Scobs”—(Howitt). The DorMITORIES, seven in number, are on the ground-floor. The walls are inscribed, in white letters on a black ground, with the names of the scholars who have gone hence to New College, Oxford. The Inrirmary, temp. Charles II., adjoins the play- ground. The Commoners’ Hatt and APARTMENTS, rebuilt in 1841, occupy a site behind the head-master’s house. In the porch. is a monument to scholars who fell in the Crimea, We turn now to the other objects of interest in Winchester— objects, indeed, of such surpassing interest that we would fain gossip about them through many a closely printed page—and we shall notice them in the order of their importance, not according to their position in or near the city, that the tourist may visit either, or all of them, when and how he pleases. Next in importance to the Cathedral is, certainly, the Hos- PITAL OF Sr. Cross (graphically depicted by Anthony Trollope in his “ Barchester Towers”), to which that interest attaches “ which belongs to whatever is first of its own class.” It is about 1 mile from the town, and may best be reached by a footpath through the meadows of the Itchen. William Howitt has pleasantly re- lated his “ Experiences” on the occasion of a visit to it, and a quotation from his lively pages will amuse the tourist :-—“ We passed on our left the old refectory, called ‘ Hundred-mennes- Hall, because there a hundred poor men were daily entertained ; . on our right having the kitchen where the cookery was done for such a company ; and if the hundred men were there no longer, we had no sooner presented ourselves at the porter’s lodge than we found the porter still at his post ; and as bound by the rules of St. Blois, the founder, and just as was the wont of the olden time, he immediately craved us to partake of the hospitality of the house. Not a stranger, from the days of King Stephen to the present hour, on presenting himself at that wicket, but was, and is, entitled to receive bread and beer. Accordingly, the horn, a genuine vessel of the good old times, no glass or crockery of these artificial days, was produced, and the eleemosynary bread ; and we ate and drank, and praised great Harry de Blois, and the porter, 56 WINCHESTER. that the bread they gave was good bread, and the beer good beer, for, sober itself, it would keep all who drank it sober, so that even a teetotaller, though a kind of creature unknown to De Blois and his times, might taste it with a conscience, and no weary way- farer need dread its bewildering him on his journey. Two gal- lons of beer and two loaves of bread are daily distributed to those who seek relief ; another fact testifying to the wisdom of the brewer, and the moderation of the poor, who scorn to take undue advantage of such generous hospitality.” | This famous hospital, like most medieval buildings, was of quadrangular form, enclosing a court. Three sides of the square remain ; the fourth being removed, has opened “a cheerful pros- pect ine the green fields.” A massive gateway-tower admits into the court, and above, on its outer front, in a fair niche, kneels, not De Blois, but the second founder of this hospital and builder of this tower, the notorious Cardinal Beaufort, in his cardinal’s hat and robes. Two other niches in a line with this are empty : one is supposed to have contained the Holy Cross, the other St. John, the patron saint of hospitallers. Entering the court we have on our left a cloister-portico, or ambulatory, where the brethren exercise in bad weather. Ina projecting recess stands a table said to have been used by Charles II. when encamped on St. Catherine’s Hill. Over the cloister are the men’s room, and a room where the sick brethren were for- merly lodged. The opposite side of the court consists of the house of the brethren, who have each three small chambers and a gar- den. They wear a black gown with a silver cross on the breast. A table, with a Purbeck marble top, said to have belonged to King Stephen, is to be seen here. [When De Blois founded his Hospital in 1136, he intended it for thirteen poor men, “‘ decayed, and past their strength,” while a hundred ‘‘ out-pensioners” were to receive a daily allowance, and the residue of the income was to be appropriated to general charity. William of Wykeham duly restored and reformed the estab- lishment during his episcopate, and Cardinal Beaufort added a separate foundation, ** The Almshouse of Noble Poverty,” for the support of two priests, 35 brethren, and three nuns, who were to attend upon the sick. But Edward IV., in 1461-4, resumed the lands bestowed by the Lancastrian bishop, and the Hospital returned to the plan laid down by its original founder. Of late years, as the tourist will re- member, the law has stepped in to divide its revenues more equally, and deprived the Master (the late Earl of Guildford) of the lion’s share which he had hitherto enjoyed. There are now 13 brethren; a weekly donation is bestowed upon the poor of the city ; the ‘‘ Wayfarer’s Dole” is duly given when claimed by a stranger; and upon the Feast of the Holy Cross (May 3d), and the anniversary of the founder’s death HOSPITAL OF ST. CROSS. 57 (August 10), and on the Eves recognized by the Church of England, public charities are distributed. ] On the south side of the quadrangle is the Hatt. “ Here the tourist’s attention should be directed to the portable Shrine, “which, when closed, has the appearance of a cupboard, but . when opened reveals the Virgin and Child, and other holy per- sonages ;” to the Minstrels’ Gallery, surmounting the old-fashioned dais and screen ; to black jacks and candlesticks of the most primi- tive character ; to the high-pitched roof of Irish oak; and the two-light windows emblazoned with Beaufort’s escutcheon. At the east end of the hall there hangs an early German design, “The Adoration of the Magi,” which has been erroneously ascribed to Durer. Beyond the Founder’s room (to which we climb by a curious old staircase) may be visited a second chamber, which contains some presses of carved oak, and on its west wall, the initials and motto of Roger Sherborne, Master of the Hospital in 1403. The glory of St. Cross, however, is its CHURCH. With the exception of the front and upper storey of the west end, which are ascribed to Wykeham and Beaufort, the greater portion is due to Henry de Blois, and is one of the finest examples of Transition- Norman extant in England. Its ground-plan is cruciform, with aisles to the nave and choir, but not to the transepts. Length, 160 feet, breadth 120 feet. A massive stately square tower rises in the centre. The clerestory, and the great west window, are in the finest Decorated style imaginable. It should be remarked that scarcely two pillars, two corbels, or two arches are alike. All are beautiful, but differ in their beauty; shewing a wonderful affluence of fancy and singular facility of execution. The choir, and some other parts of the church are paved with glazed tiles, some of them ornamented with gigantic figures of animals and fantastic emblems, others with the words in old English capitals, HA9G MyHAE! designed, doubtlessly, to recal the wandering thoughts of a brother to the purposes of devo- tion. The piscina and bracket at the east end of the north aisle should be noticed; the exquisite carved woodwork of the stalls, temp. Henry VIII.; the credence table, ornamented with the symbolic “eagle and scroll” of the Evangelist John; the stone screens each side of the altar; the intersecting arches of the triforium, erroneously supposed to have suggested the Pointed style; the clustered vaulting shafts; the rich mould. 58 aS WINCHESTER. ings of the windows ; the general Early English character of the nave; here are points of the highest importance for the architec- tural student. The gradual development of the Pointed style may here be studied with the fullest advantage. The building before you seems to be a collection of architectural essays, with respect to the disposition and form, both of the essential parts and of the subordinate ornaments. Here we find the ponderous Saxon pillar, of equal dimensions in its circumference and its ~ length, which, however, supports an incipient pointed arch. The windows and arches are some of them short, with semi-circular heads,and some of them immoderately long, and terminating like a lance. Others are in the horse-shoe form, of which the entrance into the north porch is the most antique specimen. In one place we have acurious triangular arch. The capitals and bases of the columns alternately vary in their form, as well as in their ornaments. The same circumstance is observable in the ribs of the arches, especially in the north and south aisles; some of them being plain, and others profusely embellished, and in different styles, even within the same arch. Here we view almost every kind of Saxon and Norman ornament—the chevron, the billet, the hatched, the pellet, the fret, the indented, the nebulé, the wavy, all su- perbly executed ”—(Milner). The monument in the south aisle to Mr. Speaker Cornwall, d.1780; and the brass, under the tower-arch, of John de Campden, warden, d. 1382, are worthy of notice, This church was restored in 1865. WOLVESLEY Patace, in College Street, was the azicient episcopal palace, built by Bishop Henry de Blois in 1138. _ Its name is traditionally derived from the tribute of wolves’ heads which the Welsh chieftains every year delivered on this spot to King Edgar; more probably, it commemorates some Saxon “Ulf” or “ Wulph” to whom the “ey” or island here belonged. The walls of the keep (Norman in character), and a portion of the outer walls; the Perpendicular Chapel erected by Bishop Langton, and now attached to the Diocesan Training School; an arch—a window—some venerable time-worn stones; these are all that remain of the splendid palatial stronghold where Queen Mary first welcomed Philip of Spain; where that famous marriage-dance took place after the fatal bridal, at which the Eng- lish ladies outshone the dark-eyed beauties of Spain; which in the reign of Stephen “endured a severe siege;” which, after the surrender of the city to Cromwell, was terribly shat- - HYDE ABBEY—THE ROYAL PALACE, 59 tered and devastated. Twenty years after its fall, Bishop Morley, the founder of the Widows’ College, in the College Yard, erected “a spacious and noble house” on the site, which was known as the Bishop’s Palace, and which Bishop Brownlow North pulled down towards the close of the eighteenth century. Between Bishop Morley’s College, founded in 1672 for the widows of clergymen, and the Cathedral itself, was the site of Hype Appey, the “Newan Mynstre,” which the Great Alfred erected as a mausoleum for himself and his successors. He was interred within its walls, and his design was carried out by his son, Edward the Elder. The abbey, however, its “mitred abbot,’ its monks and treasures, were removed, temp. Henry I., to the present site of the “County Bridewell,” without the walls. At the Disso- lution, its yearly revenue was estimated at £865. When the foun- dations of the bridewell were being excavated, a grave-slab in- scribed with the name of Alfred the Great was discovered, and removed to Corby Castle. In 1865 a statue was erected as a memorial of this illustrious prince, “the wonder and astonish- ment of all ages,” who “has never had a defect imputed to him as a sovereign, or a fault as a man.” A gateway and some por- tions of the walls still perpetuate the memory of Hyde Abbey. The site of the Royan Panacg, built in the thirteenth century by Henry III, is now known as the Castle Hill. Sz. STEPHEN’S Haut was formerly occupied by the Winchester Assize Courts, but in 1874 new courts were erected to the east of the hall, and it has now been restored to its original appearance. It is 110 feet in length and 55 feet in breadth, and divided by double rows of clustered columns into three aisles. Its most interesting feature is the famous “ Round Table of King Arthur,” and his twenty-four knights, now placed at its western end. It is not older, however, than the early part of the sixteenth century. A double rose forms the centre, and over it sits the son of Pen- dragon, throned and crowned. From this point shoot out to the circumference four-and-twenty party-coloured rays, each lettered with the name of one of Arthur’s knights, Observe the bullet- marks of Cromwell’s soldiers. It is said that the table was re- painted when Henry VIII. and Charles V. visited Winchester in 1522, and that the following legend was placed underneath it -— : ** Carolus et Henricus vivant ; defensor uterque Henricus fidei, Carolus ecclesie,””— 60 WINCHESTER. a somewhat ambiguous compliment. The first mention of this Table in English literature occurs in Harding’s Chronicle, but a “ rota fortune” is said to have existed here as early as the reign of Henry III. Winchester Castle was built by William the Conqueror to over- awe the stout Hampshire hinds, and was frequently resorted to by his successors until the end of the reign of Henry III. That sovereign was born here in 1207, and in 1232 rebuilt the present Hall, and some other parts of the Castle. Here Queen Isabella ordered the execution of her husband’s champion, the nono- genarian but gallant Earl of Winchester. In the open area before it, Edmund Earl of Kent was beheaded in March 1330. He was so beloved by the commonalty that nearly the whole day elapsed before a headsman, and he a wretch from the Marshalsea Prison, could be bribed to perform his office. The Castle was dismantled by Cromwell in 1640. Close at hand is the West Gate, built in the reign of Henry III. The chamber above it is used as the muniment-room of the corporation, and contains a Winchester bushel of Henry VIL’s reign, a standard yard, and a weight, temp. Elizabeth, and several standard gallon and quart measures. The upper part of the Kina’s Gats, thirteenth century, is occupied by LITTLE Sr. SwitTHin’s CHURCH, rebuilt in the sixteenth century. The Crry Cross is the great ornament of the High Street. It is supposed to have been erected in the reign of Henry VL, is 44 feet high, and composed of three tiers of pointed arches, with canopied niches, originally adorned with statues. The figure which remains is either that of a St. Amphibalus, to whom, it is said, the second church erected in Winchester was dedicated, or to St. Lawrence. It may be remarked, that in the rear of the cross stands St. LAWRENCE CHURCH. The Barracks—on the hill overlooking the fair valley of the Itchen, brightest and purest of the Hampshire water-courses ! —are the only portion of the great palace contemplated by Charles II., and modelled upon that of Versailles, which reached completion. It was converted to its present ‘purpose in 1810. The architect employed was Wren,—and the site chosen com- mands a grand view of the city. The foundation stone was laid in 1683. The king’s death in 1685 put a stop to the works, which were never afterwards resumed. “ Wren, with his usual magnificent ideas, intended to have added two vast wings to the WINCHESTER BRIDGE. 61 building, to have laid out the down behind as a park where the king might have enjoyed the pleasures of the chase, and to have run a magnificent street, 70 feet wide, direct from the palace to the Cathedral. If Charles had lived, Winchester might once more have held up its head. The influence his two years’ residence had upon the city is still apparent. The courtiers flocked here and built houses for themselves in great numbers ” —Thorne. The town-hall is a modern building erected by Sir G. G. Scott. The curious clock of the former building projects far into the street; and near it there is a statue of Queen Anne. At the far end of the street is St. John’s Hospital, with an Early English Chapel, and a fine old hall. Winchester Bridge crosses the Itchen at the end of the High Street. St. Swithin built the first, and when his workmen roughly upset an old woman’s basket of eggs, kindly exercised his miracu- lous powers and made them whole again. The legend attached to the old Bridge is as wild and eerie as any of Hoffman’s fan- cies :—“ According to the Monk Wolstern (who lived in the middle of the tenth century), a citizen of Winchester, who had gone to visit his farm without the walls, was returning late to his home when—near the river, without the eastern gate—he was stopped by two dark and unclothed women (pzceas totas, obsceno et corpore nudas). 'They desired to speak to him, but the man, alarmed, ran from them in spite of their threats. A third female, however, of gigantic size and robed in white, rushed down the hill side, stopped, and struck him senseless to the ground. The three then disappeared in the waters of the river. On his recovery the man found himself a cripple, and crawled with difficulty to the east gate, which was close at hand. Mr. Wright (and no doubt justly) regards these mysterious ladies as an apparition of the ‘ Dez Matres,” whose altars are common in the North of. England and in Belgic Gaul, and who are in fact identical with the Fates, ér ‘ Welcyrien’ of our Saxon ancestors. The intro- duction of Christianity had banished these old divinities in their loftier form, but they still held their ground in the shape of popular superstition” —(Murray). Of the CuurcHEs of WINCHESTER our notes must necessarily be brief to a degree :— Sr. Jonn’s has a Perpendicular tower projecting at the end of the south aisle. The arches of the nave are Transition-Norman, 62 WINCHESTER. the walls Early English. The screen, which crosses the nave and aisles, is Perpendicular. Remark the piscina, and the hagioscopes north and south of the chancel arch. There is an Easter sepulchre, with sculptured shield-like emblems of our Saviour’s passion. The perpetual curacy, valued at £82, is in the Bishop of Win- chester’s patronage. St. JoHn’s CHAPEL, at the end of the High Street, is late Karly English, and was attached to the Hosprran or Sr. JoHN, founded in 1304 for poor men and women. The walls and roof of the latter belong to the ancient refectory. ‘The main apart- ment has been fitted up as an assembly room. The hospital trustees are patrons of the living, which is valued at £100. LittLe St. SwitHin’s CHuRCH is situated over the King’s Gate, and was designed for the accommodation of the Cathedral servants. The Lord Chancellor is patron of the rectory, which is valued at £80. Sr. LAwRENCE CHURCH, in the Square, consists of a nave and chancel only. The Bishops of Winchester inaugurate themselves by tolling the bell of the church. The rectory, worth £56, isin the patronage of the Lord Chancellor. St. BARTHOLOMEW’S, in Hyde Street, has a nave and chancel. © The west doorway is Norman, and very fine. The font is an- cient. Patron, the Lord Chancellor. Value of the vicarage, £100. Sr. Preter’s, Cheese Hill, consists of a nave and aisle, sepa- rated by Transition-Norman arches springing from many columns. At the east end are three Perpendicular windows. Observe the curiously carved corbels of the roof. Patron, the Lord Chan- cellor. Value of the rectory, £100. St. Mavuricr’s, High Street, is modern and Early English. The tower, however, enriched with zigzag ornaments, is partly Norman. Patron, the Bishop of Winchester. Value of the rec- tory (with St. Mary Kalendar, rectory, and St. Peter Colebrook, rectory, which have no existing churches), £145. St. Toomas’, Southgate Street, a good Early Decorated build- ing with a shapely spire, recently erected. The rectory, valued at £145, is in the bishop’s patronage. Sr. MicHazEt’s, Kingsgate Street, is modern and bad. The bishop is patron of the rectory, which is valued at £104. The Crry Lrsrary and Museum (admission free) is on account of its antiquarian treasures well worthy of a visit. A LOCAL MEMORABILIA. 63 good catalogue has been compiled by the curator, an archeologist of repute, to whose “Sketches of Hampshire” we have been fre- quently indebted. We extract a few of the local memorabilia :— “The original Winchester Bushel, presented to the city by King Henry VII., 1487. Horn of the Warder of the ancient Castle, age probably 500 years. Three Taper- stands of the fifteenth century, discovered on the site of the ancient chapel on 8t. Giles’ Hill, Ancient Bone-pins, found in Winchester. An ancient Battle-axe, found in the Lawn, Winchester. Ancient Steelyard Weight, found at Hyde Abbey. Portion of an ancient Rosary, found at Hyde Abbey. Anglo-Saxon enamelled Fibula, found at Hyde Abbey. Two Roman Mill-stones, discovered without West- gate. Cannon-balls, 4 lbs. weight, taken out of the south wall of the city, and probably fired when the castle was besieged and taken by Oliver Cromwell. Swords, discovered several feet under the surface without Westgate, apparently made in an emergency, probably in the reign of King Charles I. Roman Urn, found in Hyde Field. Athenian Vase, found in Winchester. Roman Urn, containing burnt bones, discovered in Water Lane. Another found on the site of the old museum. English Pottery, found in Winchester. Tesselated Pavement and Encaustic Tiles, found in Winchester. Consent of the Mayor and Aldermen of Winchester to the union of the churches of St. Maurice and St. Kalendar, 1683, in a frame ornamented with Scripture representations in straw work. Armour from Winchester College.” There is also a good collection of casts of seals, royal, eccle- siastical, and municipal—the major part belonging to the churches, abbeys, and corporations of Hampshire, In Hyde Street are the remains of the Abbey of Hyde, originally built in the time of King Alfred near the Cathedral, and removed to this site in the reign of Henry I. The portion remaining is supposed to have been the Abbot’s hall. At the south-west corner of Symond’s Street is Christ’s Hospital for six poor men and four boys, founded in 1607 by Peter Symond. The best wiew-points of the city are, of course, from the Downs, which almost encircle the old historic city, especially from the elevation crowned by the Barracks; from St. Catherine’s Hill, where may be traced the foundations of an ancient chapel, and the outline of a labyrinth, or mise-maze; from St. Giles’ Hill,—the great Fair has dwindled down to a sorry exhibition ; and Compton Down, where some venerable trees mark the site of “ Oliver’s Battery,” the observation-camp occupied by Cromwell. [Hints FoR RAMBLES.—1. From 8t. Cross, over the Itchen, and climb St. Cathe- rine’s Hill, Return by the meadow-path by the river, 4 miles.—2. From the ruins of Hyde Abbey to Headbourne Worthy. Then to King’s Worthy, Martyr’s Worthy, and Easton. Returning by Winnal Magdalene, 6 miles.—3. To Week, and thence, north-east, to Littleton. Cross to Sparsholt. Visit Pitt Down, and return by the old Roman road from Sarum ; Oliver’s Battery lies to the right about one mile. This round is about 9 miles.—4. To St. Catherine’s Hill, and by way of Twyford Down 64 WINCHESTER TO ALTON AND SELBORNE. | to Twyford. Cross the Itchen at Shawford, and so to Compton and St. Cross, 7 miles.—5. To Worthy Down, and thence, north, to Stoke Charity. Cross east- ward to Micheldever, and return by the Roman road, now known as Popham Lane, through King’s Worthy and Headbourne, 153 miles.—6. Through Winnal Magdalene to Easton, and thence through Martyr’s Worthy, Itching Abbots, and Itching Stoke, to Old Alresford. Cross to New Alresford, and return by the Alton and - Winchester road, 14 miles. WINCHESTER to ALTON anp SELBORNE. This route, nearly due east from Winchester, is about 22 miles in direct length, and chiefly through a chalk-district. Winnal Magdalene (small church) is partly within the city boundaries and need not detain us. A pleasant road, following with tolerable accuracy the course of the crystal Itchen, divides, near Lone Farm, into two branches ;—that to the left leads us through Aspot’s WortTHY into Ki1ne’s WortHy ; that to the right goes directly to Easton. But as the former road also winds round to Easton, we shall prefer it for our present purpose. The tourist, therefore, is requested to consider himself in the meadow-encircled village of KINGS WORTHY (Inns: Cart and Horses)—Fr., weorth, Saxon, a farm—which derives its regal prefix from its ownership by the Conqueror at the time of the compilation of Domesday Book. The CuuRcH is mainly Perpendicular, with a Perpendicular font, and an ancient stone _ cross inserted in the east wall. AsBsor’s WortTHY is a tything, which formerly belonged to the Abbey of Hyde. Between the two (and skirting the road to Micheldever as well as that to Martyr’s Worthy) lies the fair demense of Worray Park (Captain Fryer). The house, built in 1816, looks down upon the sweet vale of the Itchen. One mile east we reach MARTYR WORTHY (3? miles from Winchester). Whence it derives its peculiar appellation is unknown. The CuHurcH has been fearfully “restored,” but retains two fine Norman doorways. It hasa wooden tower, and is dedicated to St. Swithin. Patron of the rectory the Bishop of Winchester. ms Across the Itchen lies EASTON (3 miles from Win- chester), which should be visited for the sake of its CHURCH, Transition-Norman, and dedicated to St. Mary. Observe the ITCHEN ABBAS—AVINGTON. 65 apsidal termination of the chancel, and the recessed and richly decorated arch of the south doorway. A monument to Agatha, relict of Bishop Barlow of Chichester, records that her five daugh- _ ters were all married to bishops. The Church was thoroughly restored in 1872. Passing the little hamlet of Chilland, and still ascending the river-valley,—the chalk hills raising their rounded crests on either hand,—we arrive at ITCHEN ABBAS, 5 miles from Winchester, picturesquely clustered on the Itchen’s bank, The Cuurcu has been restored, but preserves some few Norman features. Of the staircase and entrance to the rood-loft there are remains. It belonged to the Abbey of Romsey, which maintained here a prebend to preach to its abbess and her flock of nuns. Itchen Abbas is 3 miles from Alresford. The road across the river leads to the small village of AVING- TON, and traversing AvVINGTON PARK (E. Shelley, Esq.), joins the lower Winchester road. In the reign of Elizabeth this fine estate was purchased by an ancestor of the late Duchess of Buckingham. It passed into the hands of its present owner when the Duke’s estates came “to the hammer.” ‘The house, near a noble sheet of water fed by the river Arle, was built by the late Duke of Chandos, and occupies the site of a mansion in which Charles II. visited that infamous Countess of Shrewsbury who held the Duke of Buckingham’s horse while he fought and mortally wounded her husband. (See Pepys’ Diary and De Grammont’s Memoirs for details of this shameful scandal.) g South is HumpHacs, or HumMpacE Woop. It was a forest attached to the Crown, and the Conqueror gave Bishop Walkelyn, when engaged in rebuilding Winchester Cathedral, permission to collect as much timber as he could fell in four days and nights. The Bishop got together a wonderful number of carpenters, and within the time allowed him, cut down the whole forest, so that the king, passing near the spot a short time afterwards, cried out, “ Have I lost my wits? or am I bewitched? Surely I had here a most delightful wood!” Great indeed was his wrath when he understood the trick that had been played upon him. But the Bishop clothed himself in sorry attire, and throwing himself at the king’s feet, begged to be allowed to resign his mitre so that he retained his sovereign’s friendship: and the Conqueror waa EF 66 TICHBORNE— WINCHESTER TO ALTON, pacified, observing,—‘“ I was as much too lavish in my gift as you were greedy in availing yourself of it.” AVINGTON village lies in the valley of the Arle, look- ing out upon the verdant hills. Its CHurRcH, built by the late Marchioness of Carnarvon, is picturesque. The pews and fittings are all mahogany. The Arle here swells “ with tributary flood” the pleasant Itchen. Re-crossing the river, we arrive at another village, ITCHEN STOKE, 6 miles from Winchester, with a CHuRcH rebuilt in 1866. It is a good example of decorated work. ‘The west porch is of very unusual size, and extends across the west front. By the south bank of the stream we reach TICHBORNE, ren- dered famous by the attempt of Arthur Orton to personate Six Roger Tichborne, and the consequent legal proceedings of 1872-4, which terminated in his conviction of imposture and a sentence of penal servitude. From a period anterior to the Conquest the manor has been held by a family of the same name. About eighty or ninety years after that memorable epoch, Sir Roger de Tychborne founded the Parish CHURCH— an interesting Norman edifice, which stands upon a distant hill, a notable and conspicuous landmark. In its north aisle are several ancient memorials of the old Saxon family ; amongst others, a monument to the Lady Mabella, the foundress of “ the Tichborne Dole.” Of “the Tichborne Dole” the following legend is narrated :— “When the Lady Mabella, worn out with age and infirmity, was lying on_her deathbed, she besought her loving husband, Sir Roger de Tychborne, as her last request, that he would grant her the means of leaving behind her a charitable bequest, in a dole of bread to be distributed to all who should apply for it annually, on the feast of the Annunciation of the blessed Virgin Mary. Sir Roger readily acceded to the request, by promising the pro- duce of as much land as she could go over in the vicinity of the park, while a certain brand or billet was burning, supposing, that from her long infirmity (as she had been bedridden for some years), she would be able to go round a small portion only of his property. The venerable dame, however, ordered her attendants to convey her to the corner of the park, where, being deposited on the ground, she seemed to acquire a renovation of strength, CHERITON—NEW ALRESFORD. oY Oa and, to the surprise of her anxious and admiring lord, who began to wonder where this pilgrimage might end, she crawled round several rich and goodly acres. The field which was the scene of her extraordinary feat retains the name of Crawls to this day. It is situated near the entrance of the park, and contains an area of 23 acres. Her task being completed, she was reconveyed to her chamber, when, summoning her family to her bedside, she predicted the prosperity of the family while that annual dole existed, and left her malediction on any one of her descendants who should be so mean or covetous as to discontinue it ; pro- phesying that when this happened, the family would become extinct, from the failure of heirs-male, and that this would be foretold by a generation of seven sons being followed immediately after by a generation of seven daughters, and no son”—(Journal, British Archeol. Assoc., xi). The dole consisted of 1900 small loaves, but its distribution was the cause of so much disturbance that a sum of money is now, in lieu of it, divided among the neighbouring poor. The ancient moated Housz of the Tichbornes was pulled down in 1803, and the present mansion erected. The baronetcy was con- ferred by James I., who used frequently to visit Tichborne House. Two miles south is CHERITON (population, 613), the scene of a hot fight, on the 29th of March 1644, between the Royalists under Lord Hopton and the Earl of Forth, and the Roundheads, led by gallant Sir William Waller. Each army consisted of about 10,000 men ; the Parliamentarians lost 900, the Royalists, 1400. Its consequences were serious ; “ it broke all the measures, and altered the whole scheme of the King’s Council”—(Claren- don). Winchester fell into the hands of the Parliament, and the Royal party never again recovered their ground in the western counties. CHERITON CHURCH, dedicated to St. Michael, is Early Eng- lish, but has suffered much from improvements. The altar-floor is paved with rich encaustic tiles. The font is ancient; the chancel-arch of excellent span. The rectory, valued at £1500, is in the bishop’s patronage. We return from CHEritTon to TICHBORNE, and leaving T1cH- BORNE HovsE on our left, keep northward, through a fertile and sequestered valley, to NEW ALRESFORD (population, 68 BRANCH ROUTE—WINCHESTER TO ALTON. 1550. Jnn: The Swan)—~.e., the ford over the Arle—7 miles from Winchester and 10 miles from Alton. The tourist will remember, with the gratitude which is due to a great writer, that New Alresford was the birthplace of Miss Mitford. It is not a large town ; it is not a busy town ; its houses are not of much pretension ; its main street is hilly and not specially pic- turesque ; but it is considerable when contrasted with OLD ALRESFORD (population, 477), which lies across the Arle, and there, apparently, lives upon its antiquity. New Alresford returned representatives to the Parliaments of Edward IL, and, at a later period, “ teemed with fullers, dyers, and clothiers ;” but it was burnt by the Royalists after Cheriton fight, and in 1689 suffered from an accidental conflagration, so that for fulling mille now one might look in vain. ALRESFORD PonD was formed by Bishop de Lucy, temp. Richard IL, and acts as a reservoir for the river Itchen. If originally covered about 200, now occupies 60 acres. The Arle, one of the tributaries of the Itchen, rises near Ripley Dean, and unites, below Avington, with the greater stream. New ALRESFORD CHURCH was rebuilt after the fire in 1689, and has justly been characterized as “more commodious than handsome.” It is a chapelry to OLD ALRESFORD CHURCH, which may be commended as a decent modern body, with a fine ancient tower. The great Admiral Lord Rodney, who, in his action with De Grasse, first attempted the manceuvre of “ breaking the line,” was interred at Old Alresford in 1792. Our next resting-place may be at BISHOPS SUTTON (population, 463), where, in the old times, the bishops of Win- chester had a summer palace and an extensive KENNEL. Their remains have been converted into a malt-house. The CHURCH, dedicated to St. Nicholas, is chiefly Norman, with an Early Eng- lish chancel. On the floor of the latter should be noticed a fine brass of a knight and lady, standing, with their hands clasped as if in prayer. The costume is that of the fifteenth century. Two miles north lies BIGHTON (population, 229), with a gray old Norman CuHuRCcH, dedicated to All Saints, which has received some Early English additions. Beyond it, at GopsFIELD, are the remains of an ancient CHAPEL, 26 feet by 13 feet, and a ROPLEY—ALTON. 69 small apartment adjoining, originally attached to a Preceptory of the Knights of St. John. The road from Bishops Sutton descends into leafy Ropley Dean, and at about 11 miles from Winchester, passes to the left of ROPLEY (population, 875), whereC,.T. Longley, Archbishop of Canterbury was born. His father held the vicarage of Bishops Sutton, to which the cure of Ropley is annexed, for about forty years. These benefices were afterwards filled by the primate himself. ‘The CuurcH is ancient, but uninteresting. It was re- paired in 1848. Im a field near the village, about a dozen years ago, a ploughman discovered some fine Roman torques. They may be inspected by the curious tourist. The road now trends somewhat abruptly to the north-east ; winds through wooded vales and up breezy hills ; and crosses many a bountiful pasture and teeming cornfield, and reaches ALTON, at 17 miles from Winchester. The whole route may be commended to the tourist for the picturesque scenery it opens up. He will pass near no village after Ropley is left behind him—MEDSTEAD (population, 503), with its partly Norman, partly Early English Cuurcn, lying 2 miles to the left—until OHAWTOR is reached, and from that point a twenty minutes’ walk will place him in the town so much panegyrised for its ales and quakerism. ALTON. [Hotel: The Swan.—Population, 4497. 47 miles from London by road, about 50 miles by rail; 9 miles from Farnham; 5 miles from Selborne; and 12 miles from Petersfield.] It is the centre of a great agricultural district, and its Tues- day markets are always largely attended. Of its famous ales every disciple of John Barleycorn has heard, but of its Quakers the tourist is now unable to form any opinion. Its CHuRcH, a spacious and stately pile, dedicated to St. Nicholas, stands apon an eminence, and dates from the early part of the twelfth century, when the plainness of the Norman style was modified by the gradually increasing influence of the Early English. Its frescoes—fifteenth century—illustrate events in the 70 . ALTON. history of our Saviour, and there is also a curious portrait of Henry VI., brought to light some years ago during a partial restoration of the church. A door, riddled by shot, will recall to the visitor’s memory a stirring passage of the Civil Wars. In 1643, Colonel Boles, a Royalist, was stationed at Alton with 1800 infantry and two troops of horse. Sir William Waller, who was besieging Farnham Castle, suddenly marched hither with a strong detachment, and before daylight entirely surrounded the town. The Royalist leader, however, succeeded in despatching tidings of his peril to Lord Hopton at Winchester, and meanwhile prepared for a desperate resistance. He was gradually beaten back, and at length, with about eighty men, took shelter in the church, which he held for six or seven hours, resolutely refusing quarter, and slaying many of his foes with his own hand, until he re- ceived his death-wound. When Charles the First heard of his defeat and death, he exclaimed,—“ Bring me a mourning scarf, for I have lost one of my best commanders.” Alton is in itself an uninteresting town, but the neighbour- hood is attractive. It lies at the mouth of the pass of Alton, which in olden times was a favourite resort of those petty robbers who found shelter from the arms of the law in the neighbouring forests. ‘‘In the sixteenth century, the wardens of the great Winchester Fair of St. Giles’ paid five mounted sergeants-at-arms to keep the pass at Alton during the fair.” It is narrow at the entrance, but broadens into a fertile valley, watered by a branch of the Wey, and opening, at the north-east, upon the hop-gardens of Farnham. SELBORNE. The first point for which the tourist should make is the village of SELBORNE (pop. 1215), immortalised in the delight- ful pages of Gilbert White, and which is situated 5 miles to the south of Alton, and 24 from East Tisted. Here at the ‘‘Queen’s Arms” refreshment may be obtained, before commencing the ex- ploration of this peculiarly interesting district. Of course, the great attraction will be the old naturalist’s house, afterwards inhabited by Professor Bell, a not unworthy successor of Gilbert White, whose courtesy, after having been tested by thousands of pilgrims, no one ever found wanting, and whose edition of the “ Natural SELBORNE, 71 History” is one to be well thumbed by every tourist. The quaint old house, with the exception of a new “ wing,” remains as Gil- bert White last saw it ; covered with ivy and flowering creepers, and placed at the head of a lawn which is encircled in blossoms, a sundial at the end of it, a large hornbeam, a vigorous juniper, and a noble oak among the trees which overshadow it. A narrow brick path, made by the naturalist’s father, leads to the summer- house, girt about with maples, and lined with moss and dried heather, which was the philosopher’s favourite retreat. Beyond it stretch some broad grassy meadows, which in their turn are bounded by the famous “ Hanger” of beeches—those glorious children of the forest White delighted in, as “ the most lovely of all forest trees, whether we consider their smooth rind or bark, their glossy foliage, or graceful pendulous boughs.” Everything here reminds us of “ the old man eloquent,” who learned so well the great Shakspearean lesson, that there are “Tongues in trees, books in the running brcoks, Sermons in stones, and good in everything.” The American juniper he has commemorated for its hardi- hood in withstanding the rugged Siberian winter of 1776 ; the fern owls were wont “to show off” around the “ spreading oak” in a very “unusual and entertaining manner ;” the sundial was resorted to daily by the inquisitive naturalist. The rooms which he made use of are little altered. There is a bust of zoological Ray in the hall ; a bookcase, Gilbert White’s own handiwork, in the old parlour ; an exact copy of his famous hybrid pheasant, made by Mr. Elmer of Farnham, the famous game painter, over the door. The pheasant was shot by Lord Stowell in Alice Holt Forest, submitted to White’s inspection, and afterwards presented to the Petworth Museum, where it went the way of all things. Observe, too, the shell of the summer tortoise, whose daily life has been so pleasantly recorded by the Selborne historian. The great parlour has been converted into a drawing-room, and is much more modish than White would have approved of ; but its walls are adorned with water-colour sketches of those scenes in the neighbourhood which his pen has so graphically depicted. Gilbert White was born here July 18, 1720. His grand- father was vicar of Selborne ; his father, a barrister. Gilbert was sent to Oxford, where he was elected Fellow of Oriel ; took orders, and retreated to the shades of Selborne—to the observation of ie, SELBORNE. nature, and the study of what are inaptly called “Common Things,’ —to a life of simple piety and primitive plainness, from which — he passed away, June 26,1793. His “ Natural History of Sel- borne” was published in 1789, in the form of Letters to Daines Barrington and Thomas Pennant. It immediately acquired a popularity which it has never lost. We proceed from the naturalist’s house to the Onuncn. On our way we cross a small piece of ground (132 feet by 36), with some houses around it, called the Puay-stow, or PLAY-PLACE, now corrupted with “ the Plester,” originally bestowed upon Selborne Priory by Adam de Gurdon in 1721. In its centre there formerly stood a huge and venerable oak, under whose branches monks had counted their beads, and which, for centuries, “ was the delight of old and young, and a place of much resort in the summer evenings, where the former sat in grave debate, whilst the latter frolicked and danced before them.” The veteran: succumbed to the storms of 1703, but a younger tree bids fair to reach as venerable an age, if not to acquire so wide a celebrity. The Cuurcu, dedicated to St. Mary, is partly Early English, and partly Perpendicular. The nave is supported by many Saxon columns. The altar-piece is a German painting, in two compartments, representing the offerings of the Magi to the Infant Saviour, and was presented, in 1793, by Benjamin White, the London publisher, and brother of the famous naturalist Gilbert, who is commemorated by a marble tablet in the chancel, although actually interred in the graveyard. A roughly-sculptured head- stone with initials and date, indicates the spot. The Churchyard is indeed more attractive than the church. It is a quiet, lonely, but picturesque nook, and adorned by a glorious yew, 24 feet in girth, “a male tree,” says White, “ which in the spring sheds clouds of dust, and fills the atmosphere around with its farina.” The white owls, to whose “manner of life” he paid so sedulous an attention, or their representatives, still frequent the projecting eaves of the church, and the swifts still wheel around its gray old tower. At the end of the grassy lea which stretches in the rear of Gilbert White’s house, rises the beech-crowned eminence of “ the Hanger” (Saxon, angra a corner). Ascending by a peculiarly circuitous path, through masses of foliage, dark and shadowy, the tourist reaches a sort of plateau—“a pleasing park-like spot, of about one mile by half that space, jutting out on the verge of SELBORNE. 73 the hill country, where it begins to break down into the plains, and commanding a very engaging view of hill, dale, woodlands, heath, and water.” From its summit we look down into the depths of the fair valley, where the village so picturesquely reposes ; we see the tree-covered slopes of the Nore hill—the gabled roof of the vicarage—the low gray tower of the church— the gardens and meadows of the naturalist’s house, the ferny, leafy, deep-banked lanes which stretch far away into the wild heathy wastes of Woolmer Forest—and “ the steep abrupt pasture- field, interspersed with furze, close to the back of the vil- lage, and well-known by the name of ‘Short Lithe’” (Saxon, hiuthe, a hill.) Around and beneath us circle to and fro the rooks, whose “ evening proceedings and manceuvres” proved so “ amusing ” to the simple-hearted philosopher. They “ rendezvous by thousands over Selborne down,” and finally, “ with the last gleam of day retire for the night to the deep beechen woods of Tisted and Ropley.” . Through the Bourne valley we move onwards to the PRIoRY FARM, occupying part of the site of the once famous Priory of Selborne, which Bishop Peter de Rupibus, temp. Henry III, founded for a prior and fourteen canons, and which was endowed by the king with numerous immunities and privileges. Among the latter we must, we suppose, include the right to try and execute offenders ; and prior and monks had their own gibbet set up, to the great benefit of the neighbourhood, on the hillock still known as “ Gally” or “ Gallows Hill.” They were not the devout and austere monks who built beautiful churches, and illuminated precious manuscript, and kept alight the lamp of learning through the darkness of medieval times, but riotous “brothers,” who loved the merry greenwood, and the ringing horn better than cloister dim or vesper chime. So Bishop William of Wykeham reprimanded them, and a century later, Bishop Waynflete removed them to Magdalene College, Oxford, his new foundation. An old stone coffin and afew encaustic tiles are the only relics of the Priory which have descended to “ posterity.” At TEMPLE, in this parish (1 mile east), resided Adam de Gurdon, a sturdy supporter of the great Earl, Simon de Montfort ; after his leader’s death at Evesham he defended the pass at Alton against Prince Edward, when the gallant Plantagenet leapt over the entrenchments and crossed swords with him in single 74 SELBORNE. combat. Wounded, and smitten to the ground, he was taken prisoner. The Prince immediately sent him off to the Queen at Guildford, begging her to treat him mercifully, and eulogizing his valour. and constancy. His lands were accordingly restored to him ; a free pardon given him ; he was appointed keeper of Woolmer Forest, and Warden of the Isle of Wight ; and died in the very odour of loyalty. BLACKMOOR, 3 miles south-east, has a pretty little modern church. Here is the country seat of the Right Hon. Earl Selborne, and to him is due the Church and tasteful cottages of the little hamlet. gS A pleasant “diversion” may be made from Selborne to WoonMer Forsst, about 3 miles north-east. It is a breezy, open tract of sand, 7 miles long by 24 miles wide, covered with heath and fern, somewhat diversified with hills and dales, but without having one standing tree in the whole extent. The great pond, at its south-west extremity, is nearly a mile and a half in circuit, and, in winter, abounds in water and wild fowl. The Forest “once” had a noble growth of trees, and was specially famous for its red deer. WINCHESTER to BISHOPS WALTHAM. A pleasant ramble, through no ordinary variety of scenery, is afforded by the road from Winchester to Bishops Waltham, 10 miles, At first the country is somewhat wild and bleak, but it soon softens into a rich woodland beauty, and closes at length in the bravest of pastures and the most fertile of corn-fields. At about half-a-mile from the Cathedral City we turn to the left, and cross the bare bleak hills to CHILCOMBEH, we. the hollow in the chalk, a village so sequestered in the depths of solitary downs that it seems to have no part or portion in the ordinary life of busy England. Its small CuurcH is Norman, with a very curious English window; “two square-headed lights, BISHOPS WALTHAM. 75 with a quatrefoil over them, inserted in the original Norman opening.” The pavement retains a few encaustic tiles. No visitor to Winchester should fail to stroll into Chilcombe that he may enjoy a new sensation—that of the most entire solitude within 2 miles of a famous city, and at about the same distance from an important line of railway. The small Jnn here bears the peculiar sign of the “ Heart in Hand.” Returning into the main road, we now cross Longwood Warren, following the old Roman via to Portchester, until we reach MORESTED (population, 139), a small cluster of houses round a small church, 3 miles from Winchester. The bare hills and rugged heaths now merge into fresh cool copses and leafy vales—the hamlets we pass generally rejoicing in the Hampshire affix of shaw or how, a small wood—and on a pleasant ascent, in the centre of much delectable scenery, rises UPHAM (population, 656), the birthplace (in 1681) of Edward Young the poet, whose father at that time enjoyed the rectory. The Cuurc# is of stone, with a square tower, nave, chancel, and aisle. In 1642 it was used by the Roundhead troopers as a stable for their horses. The bishop is the patron of the rectory, which is valued at £625. From Upham we descend into BISHOPS WALTHAM (popu- lation in 1881, 2484, Hotel: The Crown), ze. the Bishop’s town in the woodlands, where, for four centuries, the bishops of Winchester had a palace or castle originally founded by Henry de Blois. Around the stronghold spread a picturesque park nearly 1000 acres in extent, and a broad tract of open country still called WaurHam CHacz, was also appropriated to their plea- sure. Henry II. dismantled the castle here, but shortly after- wards restored it to the bishop. It was within its stately walls that King Henry, in 1182, held his great council of the nobles, and obtained, as supplies for his projected crusade, 500 marks of gold and 42,000 marks of silver. Richard I. was royally enter- tained here after his relief from his Austrian prison and his second coronation at Winchester. It was the favourite residence, in his later years, of William of Wykeham, who expended much money on its embellishment, and died here in 1404, aged eighty. Cardinal Beaufort bequeathed to Margaret of Anjou his “ blue bed of gold and damask, wherein the queen used to lie when she was at the palace, and three suits of arras hanging in the same 76 BISHOPS WALTHAM. room. Bishop Langton made alterations and additions, and Bishop Poynet, temp. Edward VI., surrendered it to Pawlett, Marquis of Winchester. During the Civil War the manor was sequestrated and sold for £7999, and heavy blows were dealt to the palatial stronghold. The manor was returned to the see of Winton at the Restoration, but the castle has never been “ reha- bilitated.”. The park is now divided into farms. The ruins lie south-west of the town, and present the front of the great hall, with five large windows richly clothed in ivy,— the remains of a tower 17 feet square, and a portion of the offices now used as a barn. These are chiefly William of Wykeham’s work. The original design was that of a parallelogram, with square towers at the angles, and two courts. The hall, 66 feet by 27, and 25 feet high, on the right, and the chapel, of the same dimensions, on the left. In the front of the building there is a large sheet of water, artificially formed, into which several small streams have been directed, and which supplies a river pas- sing through Daily and Botley into the Southampton Water. The key may be obtained in the house next to the hotel. The CuuRrcH, dedicated to St. Peter, is mostly late Perpendi- cular in style, but the church was probably built by William of Wykeham, whose well known “ rose” adorns the east window. The north aisle was built in 1637, the south aisle in 1652. The rectory, valued at £915, is in the Bishop of Winchester’s patronage. South-east of the town (which has a considerable Friday market) stretches the picturesque heathery tract of WALTHAM CHACE, occupying nearly 2000 acres. ‘Traditions attach to it of a gang of deer-stealers, who, from their blackened faces, were known as the Waltham Blacks, and whose atrocities at last pro- voked the special interference of Parliament, and produced the famous Black Act—a statute of more than ordinary severity. It effected, however, a cure of these disorders, but not without loss of life, so that Bishop Hoadley, when urged to restock the chace with deer, replied, “it had done mischief enough already”— (Moody). | The Free Grammar School was established by Bishop Morley in the reign of Charles II. The tourist may now keep south to Fareham, or north-east to Alton, or take the railway vid Botley, to Winchester or Portsmouth. ai . /OMLLIES i WINCHESTER TO STOCKBRIDGE, ( NST ITUTION rr { LLASGOW lie skin: WINCHESTER to STOCKBRIDGE. About one mile north-west of Winchester lies WEEKE (popu- lation 1808), 2.e. wic, Saxon, a dwelling, where there is a small Norman CHURCH, containing a curious brass to William Complyn, d. 1497, and Ann his wife, with figures of St. Christopher carry- ing the Saviour. The rectory is valued at £260. A mile further and we reach Larnston, in whose church— the ruins lie near Lainston House—was married the coarse but handsome Miss Chudleigh to Captain Hervey, afterwards Earl of Bristol. She afterwards married the Duke of Kingston, and was tried by the House of Lords for bigamy in 1776. The whole story is related by Sir Bernard Burke in his “ Romance of the Aristocracy.” SPARSHOLT (population, 664) lies about one mile to the left. Roman remains have been discovered at Mere Farm (near the Church), indicating the site of a Roman villa. After passing Detuce Hiu1, 44 miles, a road on the right turns off to CRAWLEY (population, 455), where the CauRcH has some Early English portions. At Deluge Hill a bye-lane on the left branches off to LITTLE SOMBOURNE (population, 75), a picturesque little village lying on the southern border of Som- bourne NortH Park. KINGS SOMBOURNE (population, 1256) is situated two miles south-west. John of Gaunt, “ time-honor'd Lancaster,” had a palace here, whose venerable ruins lie in the shadow of some ancient yews which furnished the Hampshire bowmen with stout bows and yard-long shafts in the old chival- ric days. Near the church there stands an embankment which is traditionally reported to have been raised as a butt for the archers ; and within a mile distant, about 30 acres, now flourish- ing with meadow grass, formed the great Duke’s fish-ponds. The Cuuron is Transition-Norman, with a Decorated chancel, which contains two small brasses of priests, and a stone coffin, with an effigy in clerical robes, enclosed in “ a sepulchral recess.” Round the edge is inscribed, William de Bras, 1186. 'The tower is of wood on three sides, but the west side stone. The Transi- tion-Norman font is octagonal, and not remarkable for beauty 78 STOCKBRIDGE. of design. Compton House (F. Mortimer, Esq.) is in a pleasant park, 14 mile south of the village. Between the two Sombournes, but nearly 2 miles to the east, lies ASHLEY (population 134),—z.e. the ash-fields—with a Norman CHURCH, retaining its original lancets. Remark the niches for bells in the west gable, and the chancel arch, which is of unusually small span. There are traces of an ancient cir- cular entrenchment near the Roman road from Sarum to Win- chester, which crosses the parish in a north-easterly direction. Regaining the high road at 7 miles from Winchester, we may notice on our right the chalk-mass of WortBury Hib, and the figure of a white horse cut out on its southern slope. The summit is crowned with a British camp, enclosing an area of about 20 acres. The road now descends into the valley of the Test, crosses the Andover Canal, and reaches SrocKBRIDGE at 84 miles north- west of Winchester. STOCKBRIDGE. (Inn: Grosvenor), on the river Test,—a town of many bridges and many inns, a market-town, a “race-town,” and a “ fishing- town,” where the angler may obtain tolerable accommodation, and in the neighbourhood some capital trout-fishing. At DANEBURY, north of the race-course, is a training establishment for race- horses, and, more interesting to the tourist, the most remarkable of the Hampshire camps. A broad deep fosse surrounds the whole, and the entrance is protected by a substantial vallum. The west side, being the most exposed, is strengthened by an additional outwork. Probably it was a British post, captured and afterwards enlarged by the Saxons. Still farther north are some tumuli known as CANUTE’S BaRRows, but evidently of earlier date, and the whole district appears to have been the scene of that long and fierce warfare between Celt and Saxon which eventually re- sulted in the formation of the kingdom of Wessex. STOCKBRIDGE CHURCH, with its low massive tower, will hardly detain the tourist ; and there are now none of those elections which rendered the town amusing, while they established for its electors an unenviable reputation as siwty-pownders. To their STOCKBRIDGE. 79 notorious corruption the poet Gay alludes, in his “ Journey to Exeter :”— ‘“‘ Sad melancholy every visage wears ; What! no election come in seven long years? Our streets no more with tides of ale shall float, Nor cobblers feast six years upon a vote.” At Stockbridge, in 1441, the Empress Matilda and her adhe- rents were overtaken in their flight from Winchester. That courageous lady escaped, but her natural brother, Robert, Earl of Gloucester, having taken refuge in the church, was overpowered and made prisoner. [An agreeable diversion may be made from SrockBridcE to GRATELEY (on the Andover and Salisbury line of rail). At 3 miles on the Great Western Road, a bye- way on the right turns off to Nether and Over Wallop, passing through a pleasant defile or valley between the Wiltshire hills and the heights of Danebury. NETHER WALLOP (population, 789), is 44 miles from Stockbridge. The name is derived by Camden from WELL-noP, the spring on the hill slope. Dr. Guest identities it with the ‘‘Gualoppum” of Nennius, where Vortigern was repulsed by Cerdic. The CuuRCcH, recently restored, contains a brass to Lady Gore, an abbess, d. 1434, and one to a mitred abbot, without name or date. Near the church stands WALLoP House (Major-General Ross), a picturesque mansion of some importance. Ra OVER WALLOP (population, 543), lies 13 mile north-west, and gave name to the family of Wallop, Earls of Portsmouth, who afterwards adopted that of Fel. lowes. Its Harly English Cnurc# is dedicated to St. Peter, and should be visited. In this neighbourhood rises the ‘‘ Nine Mile Water,” a tributary of the Test, which supplied, in the reign of the Conqueror, no less than nine mills. At present it feeds but one. ‘‘ Could it be proved that the ancient mills possessed the capa- bilities and powers of those of modern erection, it would be strong evidence in sup- port of the theory of those writers who contend that the south of England was, at the time of the Conquest, more thickly populated than it is at present, as not only in this district, but throughout the whole country, there were more mills at that time than at present. But that they must have been small is apparent, as they were in general erected over insignificant streams, with an inadequate supply of water to grind a large quantity of corn, and with machinery rude and of little power. The state of society at that period sufficiently accounts for the number of mills ; there was little communication either between town or villages with each other; families were isolated ; there was but little trade, whilst a mill was considered as necessary a requisite to any abbey or mansion as a brewery or bakehouse”—(Moody). fae GRATELEY (population, 256), lies about 2 miles north-west, and has a station on the Salisbury and Andover branch of the South-Western Railway. It possessed at one period no less than five churches, and a palace resorted to by our Saxon kings. Athelstane held here a witenagemot. The Cuurcu is Early English, and contains some fine stained glass removed from Salisbury Cathedral. A pleasant bye-road leads to AMPORT HOUSE, the seat of the Marquis of Winchester. The mansion, richly Elizabethan in character, and designed by Burns, 80 ANDOVER. adds a fresh attraction to the charms of the beautiful Park which surrounds it. The Cuurcu stands near the north-west boundaries of the grounds, and of later years has been enlarged and restored. The Paulets or Poulets are descended, by the female line, from Hugh de Port, one of William the Conqueror’s most favoured knights. Sir William Paulet was Henry VIII.’s Comptroller of the Household, and afterwards Lord High Treasurer, Earl of Wiltshire, and Marquis of Winchester ; preserving his wealth, offices, and repute through the reigns of the four Tudors. ‘‘I behold this lord Powlet,” says Fuller, quaintly, “‘ like to aged Adoram, so often mentioned in Scripture, being over the tribute in the days of King David, all the reign of King Solomon, until the first year of Rehoboam. And though our lord Powlet enjoyed his place not so many years, yet did he serve more sovereigns, in more unstable times, being (as he said of himself) ‘no oak, but an osier.’” He died, aged 97, in 1572. Winchester is the premier marquisate in England. At TuRUXxTON (Inn: George), 4 miles north-east of Grateley, some portions of Roman tesselated pavement were discovered in 1823. In the CHuRcH there are several remarkable memorials ; a brass for Sir John Lisle, d. 1407 ; and an altar- tomb, with effigies, dating from the reign of Henry VI. QuARLEY Mount (1 mile from Grateley Church) is crowned with an interesting camp of large dimensions. On the south side it is defended by a double vallum and trenches. Much of the ridge of the hillis planted with Scots firs. Looking south- east, the observer will easily detect the opposing heights of CANuTE’s BaRROow and DaNnEeBuRy HILL, and north-east, the elevation of BARNESBURY CamPp—signifi- cant memorials of the great struggles between Briton and Roman, Brito-Roman, and Saxon, which, in the long ago, swept scathingly over this remarkable district. ] The direct road from. StocKBRIDGE to ANDOVER abandons the valley of the Test at LONGSTOCK (Inn: Peat Spade), ascends Lonestock Hixi (Danebury lying on the left), and Brak Down, and at GOODWORTH CLATFORD (population, 502), crosses the Andover Canal and the river Anton, ere it proceeds to Andover. CLATFORD CHURCH is partly Early English, and partly Transition-Norman, and has been recently restored. Lonestrock CHURCH was entirely rebuilt in 1880, As the road winds round Barl Hill, the village of UPPER CLATFORD becomes visible on the left, across the Anton. The Iron Foundry and the Paper Mill may have few attractions for the tourist, but if he be a man of antiquarian tastes he will not fail to become interested in the CuurcH, which was evi- dently founded early in the twelfth century. The chancel-arch presents some curious details. We now reach ANDOVER (population, 5653. Hotels : Station; Star and Garter), 7.¢ And-overa, or, “Across the Anton” —a busy market-town and borough, clustering around three great lines of road—Stockbridge and Newbury ; WINCHESTER TO SOUTHAMPTON, 81 the old Marlborough and Cirencester to Winchester ; and the Warminster or Basingstoke. It is the centre of an important agricultural district, and the fairs for cheese, leather, hops, cattle, and horses, attract large numbers from the surrounding country. It has a large Early English Church, rebuilt in 1848. The GRAMMAR ScHOOL, established here in 1582, has always borne a good reputation. WINCHESTER to SOUTHAMPTON. Following the course of the river Itchen we soon arrive at TWYFORD, on our left, deriving its name from its fords across the river, which here divides into two streams, and encloses a long, narrow island of meadow grass, Its situation is so delect- able that it has been styled ‘‘the Queen of Hampshire villages.” The grey embattled tower of its antique CHURCH rises upon a: knoll, surrounded by branching elms, and overlooking the crystal river. It contains a bust by Nollekens of Dr. Shipley, Bishop of St. Asaph, who entertained Benjamin Franklin at his resid- ence of Shipley house. It was here also that Franklin wrote his _ “ Autobiography.” Pope attended the village school, although there is no allusion to the circumstance in his poems. The Mildmays have held the manor since the reign of Charles I. In this neighbourhood are many pleasant seats :—-SHAWFORD Hovss (Mrs. Frederick) was built temp. Charles I. The grounds are rich in timber and intersected by numerous water-courses. TwyrorD LopcGs (Captain G. H. Powell) is situated north of the village. Brampripcx (Sir T. Fairbairn, Bart.), 14 mile south, on a branch of the Itchen, is approached by a glorious beechen avenue. On our right lies COMPTON, in a quiet sheltered CoomBE of the chalk hills, The down which overlooks the village is known as “Oliver’s Battery,’ and is easily recognised by the crown of vigorous firs. 'The CHurcH has a Norman front and doorway. In the churchyard is interred Dr. G. Hungerford, bishop of Hereford, who commenced his career here as “a humble curate.” Two and a half miles south-west of Compton is situ- ated the village of HURSLEY (44 miles from Winchester), G : 83 HURSLEY. where the archeologist may interest himself in the scanty ruin. of Mrrpon, one of the many castle-palaces of the Bishop ot Winchester. They lie at the northern extremity of HursiEy Park, and consist of a deep well, a portion of the venerable keep, and some traces of the exterior fosse. They command, from their elevated position, a goodly prospect. The founder. was Bishop Henry de Blois. The manor was surrendered to Edward VI. by Bishop Poynet, and afterwards, by his marriage with the daughter and heiress of Richard Major, Esq., became the property of Richard Cromwell. Here, when he had inspirited himself with generous potations, he would sit down upon an oaken chest, and boast that he sat on the lives and properties of the best men in England, alluding to its containing the addresses presented to him on his accession to the protectorate. He retired to the continent at the Restoration, and did not return to Hurs- ley until 1680, when his daughters refused to give up the estate. A lawsuit was the result, and during the trial he visited the House of Lords, where, the different objects of interest were described by one of the officers, who inquired if he had ever been in the house before? “ Not since I sat in that chair,” was Cromwell’s reply, as he pointed to the throne. At his death, in 1712, the estate was sold to Sir William Heathcote, who found the old house in a ruinous condition, and’pulled it down. He is said to have vowed, “ because the house had belonged to the Cromwells,” not to suffer one brick to remain upon another, The present mansion is stately and commodious, and among its curiosities are numerous letters of the Cromwell family, the great seal of the Long Parliament ; a beechen snuff-rasp or grater, bearing the initials R. C. and the commonwealth arms; and an ancient drinking-cup of ash wood, found in the well at Merdon Castle. There are two good originals of Sir Thomas Fairfax and the great Lord Protector. The park is of considerable extent, beautifully diversified and adorned with fine old trees, especially yews. The interest of Hursley centres round the memory of the Rev. John Keble, author of “The Christian Year” and “ Lyra Inno- centium,” in both of which works he has proved himself to be one of the sweetest singers of modern Christendom. Hursley Church, dedicated to All Saints, was rebuilt in 1848 upon the foundation of an. old brick structure, on plans approved by Keble, at a cost of over WINCHESTER TO SOUTHAMPTON, 83 £6000. ‘The spire was erected by Sir W. Heathcote, but greater part of the funds for the church were derived from the profits of Keble’s two volumes of Christian poetry. Its interior fittings were all decided upon and designed under the care of the poet- vicar,and its splendid stained windows, chiefly by Wailes, received his approval, and are fitted in to his plans. Sir W. Heathcote, ~ lord of the manor, rightly appreciating the devotion and devoted- ness of the pastor, concurred with and aided him in all his designs. Rey. John Keble died at Bournemouth, 29th March, and was buried in Hursley churchyard 6th April 1866; Mrs. Keble died 11th May 1866. Over each grave isa beautiful monumental marble tomb, and at the head of Keble’s sister’s grave is a stone cross after an Irish pattern. The population of Hursley (1389) is chiefly rural, but mostly well-to-do, wisdom and liberality being exercised by the superior ; pretty cottages, neat schools, and handsome churches, bring com- fort, knowledge, and religion home to all, From Hursley the train runs along the Otterbourne em- bankment, carried for two miles through the river valley. On our left lies Bainbridge, on our right OTTERBOURNE (population, 849), said to derive its name from the number of otters that formerly infested its water ; but the word probably signifies the other bowrne, in contradistinction to that portion of the Itchen vale | above Winchester. Its CourRcH stands upon a pleasant eminence, and is a pretty Early English structure, cruciform in plan—de- | signed by Carter of Winchester, and erected at Sir William Heathcote’s expense. In the churchyard there is a memorial cross to Keble. Cranpury Park (T. Chamberlayne, Esq.) les three-quarters of a mile south-west. On Cranbury Down are several TUMULI and traces of an ancient encampment. Passing throughan extensive excavation in the gravel, we reach, at 734 miles from London, and 7 from Winchester, the town of BISHOPSTOKE (population, 1537. Junction Hotel at the Station)—an ancient manor of the bishops of Winchester-—agree- ably situated on the east bank of the Itchen, at about half a mile from the station. Its main attraction is the admirable gardens of the late able Dean of Winchester (Dr, Garnier), where masses of azaleas and rhododendrons present the most glorious variations of colour. The winter evergreens are of the rarest beauty. The 84 NORTH STONEHAM—BITTERN. Cuurcn, of stone, is modern, and contains a large number of - memorials. The rectory is valued at £437. The Bishop of Winchester is the patron. The Gosport branch, and the line through Romsey to Salis- bury, diverge left and right from this busy station. The main line proceeds to Winchester. On our right, at 14 mile from Bishopstoke, we pass Norra STONEHAM, on the ect boundary of NortH SToNEHAM PARK (representatives of J. W. Fleming), and on the left, at 2 miles, SourH StonrHaM, beyond which, 2 miles south-east, lies Brrrern. Though these localities may best be visited from Southampton, we may introduce their description here, to amuse the tourist as he continues his railway route, [NORTH STONEHAM (population, 1358)is supposed by some authorities to be the site of the intermediate Roman station of Ad Lapidem, between Clausentum and Venta Belgarum. It was known by its Roman name in the days of Bede, and the younger brothers of Arvald, king of the Isle of Wight, who had accepted the Christian faith, were here for a time concealed from their enemies. But being betrayed to Cadwalla, they were put to death—(Bede, Ecclesiastical History, IV. 16). Upon the suppression of Hyde Abbey the manor was obtained by Wriothesley, Earl of Southampton, and from his representatives, tenvp. Elizabeth, purchased by Sir Thomas Fleming, who, born in a comparatively humble position at Newport in 1554, rose to the Lord Chief Justiceship of England (1609), and founded the family which still enjoys this lordship. In 1737 the male line became extinct, and the estates passed by marriage to Dr. Browne Willis, the antiquary, whose successors assumed the name of Fleming. SToNEHAM PaRK is a pleasant open demesne, with good timber, and rich full clumps of American blossoms, The house is large and commodious. The Cuurca, at the west edge of the park, is a neat modern structure, with a white marble monument to Admiral Lord Hawke, d. 1781, adorned with a relievo of his victory at Quiberon Bay; and an imposing memorial, with effigies of the Lord Chief Justice in his robes, and his wife in the costume of the period, to Sir Thomas Fleming, d. 16138. ‘‘Great was his Learning, Many were his Virtues. He always feared God, and God still blessed him, and ye Love and Favour both of God and Man was Daylie upon Him.” SOUTH STONEHAM (population of parish, 12,971) belonged in ancient times to the monks of Winchester. The Cuurcu, dedicated to St. Mary, contains a curious recessed monument to Edmund Clerke, d. 1672, with figures of that worthy ‘*Clerke of her Majesty’s Privy Seal” and his wife, and small effigies of their twelve children. BITTERN (population, 1573) will be visited, by the tourist for the sake of the remains of the ancient Clausentum. The Romans were quick to appreciate the advantages of the sheltered estuary of the Itchen, which afforded a direct water-way to Winchester, one of their principal cities, and erected here on the high ground a castellum, or out-post, to overlook and guard it. Warner derives its name—Claw sentum—from the Latin clawsus and intus, alluding to its ‘“‘land-locked” position. The ruins of this military station are now included within the grounds of Brrrery WINCHESTER TO SOUTHAMPTON. 85 Manor. The remains are chiefly of Saxon additions to the Roman fortress, and mainly consist of shattered walls of about 9 feet thick, and remains of ancient em- bankments and fosses. Inscriptions are preserved here which, for the most part, have some reference to Tetricus (one of the British usurpers of the imperial purple), who may possibly have made Clausentum his principal station. The Bishop of Winchester had a house here, and a chapel adjoining it, which in Leland’s time were in ruins. A bridge across the Itchen communicates with Northam dockyard.] For description of Southampton see beginning of work: SOUTHAMPTON to DUNBRIDGE anp SALISBURY, By ROMSEY. ROMSEY, [Population,’4204. Hotel: White Horse.] on the River Test, a, busy little town, with several cattle fairs. The town, which possesses some interest from its connection with Lord Palmerston, dates from the Saxon period, and derives its name from Rwmes-ey, the broad island. Its great attraction, and one of which it may reasonably be proud, is the ABBEY CHURCH, an exquisite specimen of Norman taste and Norman skill, carefully restored by Ferrey a few years since, It presents “the outline and general aspect of a Norman con- ventual church” more completely than any building of equal size in England, “ Although a considerable portion of the nave belongs to a later style, yet if we notice how carefully the later part of the fabric is made to harmonise with the earlier, and compare the whole with the more perfect Norman naves which remain, we shall be led to conclude that the dimensions and pro- portions intended by the original architects are preserved through- out, and the whole design followed as nearly as the difference of styles would permit.” Here the archeologist may trace the first budding out, as it. were, of the Pointed style, and observe how easily it unites with, or develops from, the Norman. The gradual enrichment of Early English into Decorated may also be remarked to considerable advantage. Everywhere there is instance of lavish fancy, sedulous thought, and genius in- spired by devotion in its holy work. Not a corbel, not an arch, not the capital of a single pier or the mullion of a single window, but is worth studying, and should be studied. The building presents some notable peculiarities from 36 ROMSEY-—ABBEY CHURCH. _the fact that it was the minster church of a nunnery. Hence it has no west doorway; and the north and south aisles are slightly raised above the level of the nave, which was, perhaps, entirely occupied by the stalls of the nuns. The choir is remarkably short, and each transept terminates in a circular apse. The choir aisles have carved apsidal terminations within, but are flat externally. The wall behind the altar is bisected by a pier, on each side of which is placed a window. The Nave is partly Norman (the work of Bishop Henry de Blois, 1129-69), and partly Early English. Observe the former _ style in the first four bays—as high as the clerestory, which is Transition-Norman—and the latter in the three western bays, and the lofty west window, which is composed of three lights, the centre one 40 feet high. The timber roof is a later addition. The north aisle has one Pointed window and one Perpendicular window of four lights. The south aisle has also a Pointed window. Remark the Early English doors, with slender shafts and foliated capitals, and the bold Early English arch which spans the entire west front of the nave. Passing into the CHorR, we find ourselves face to face with the original Norman work, except the three-light windows which are Early Decorated insertions. ‘The triforium is to be com- mended for its novelty and grace. A fragment of coloured glass, representing Christ bearing his Cross, may be observed in the apse of the north aisle. The Lady Chapel (Early English) which stood at the east end of the choir, is no longer in existence. The transepts are Norman, and the low square central tower, with its two rows of arches. From the summit there is, of course, a noble view, but the visitor must ascend some 150 steps to obtain it. An apple tree, of great venerableness and unusual size, grew here until very recently, and annually ripened its golden pippins. A Norman bas-relief of the Crucifixion adorns the external wall of the south transept ; and that of the north transept bears the marks of cannon balls. Observe in the former the recess foi a lamp, and the glory enriching the Saviour’s head. Meworia1s :—A canopied tomb, with effigy, in the south: transept, ascribed to Mary, Countess of Boulogne, and Abbess of Romsey. A plain stone, in the south aisle, is lettered, “ Here layes Sir William Pety,” d. 1687. He is, however, buried. in the choir. Sir William Petty, son of a Romsey clothier, became physician-in-chief to the army of Ireland, and the ancestor of the ROMSEY. 87 Lansdowne family. On the north side of the altar a raised altar- tomb, without name or date. Underneath the large west memorial window, which bears the words, “This window was erected by public subscription in memory of Viscount Palmer- ston, who, during 50 years of service as Minister of the Crown, laboured for the good of his country and for the benefit of man- kind,” are three tablets devoted to the Palmerston family. | That on the south is thus inscribed :—“ Sacred to the memory of Henry, Viscount Palmerston and Baron Temple, and of Mary, Viscountess Palmerston, his second wife, whose remains are deposited near this place. He was born 4 Decr. 1739, succeeded his grandfather, Viscount Palmerston, 10 June 1767, and departed this life 16 April 1802. She was born 1754, and departed this life 20 January 1805. They left two sons, Henry and William, and two daughters, Frances and Elizabeth, to lament their early and irreparable loss.” The second tablet, immediately under the centre of the window, is dedicated to Frances, Viscountess Palmerston :—‘“ In the vault beneath are deposited the remains of Frances, Viscountess Palmerston, daughter of Sir Francis Poole, Bt. She was married to Henry, Viscount Palmerston, October 6th, 1767, and died in childbed, June 1st, 1769.” The third tablet, which forms a pendant to the first, is erected to the memory of Sir William Temple, K.C.B., second son of Henry, Viscount Palmer- ston, by his second wife. He was born 19 January 1797 (thirteen years after the Premier, who was born in 1784), and held officein the diplomatic service; from 1833 to 1856 he was Minister at Naples. Other points to be noticed are: the curious carvings of the screen—the bold rude sculpture of a battle scene at the east end of the nave-arch—traces of early paintings behind the altar— and the altar-cloth, of damask velvet, adorned with stars and lilies, and dating from 1430 to 1450. DIMEnsIons :—The nave, 134 feet long, 724 broad, and 80 feet high ; choir, 52 feet 5 inches long; tower, 26 feet 4 inches by 26 feet 4 inches; and 924 feet high; transepts, 121 feet long, and 61} feet high. Total length, 2404 feet. RoMsEY ABBEY was founded by Edward the Elder, the son and successor of the great Alfred, about 910, and whiteres its original destination, was soon Apptopriated as a nunnery. In the reign of Edgar it was rebuilt by Bishop Ethelwold of Winchester (963-84), dedicated to the Blessed Virgin, and placed under Benedictine regulations. - Its abbesses were often of the royal 88 BROADLANDS. blood of Saxondom, and their privileges were of an extensive character. Here Matilda, the wife of Henry IL, and the “ good Queen Molde” of the common people, was educated under the care of her aunt, the Abbess Christiana. Mary, Countess of Boulogne, daughter of the chivalrous but unfortunate King Stephen, ruled here as abbess, until she deserted the “ holy seclusion” of Romsey for love of the Count of Flanders, whom she married, and to whom she bore two children. For ten years her husband and herself defied excommunication and all the terrors of the Church, but were finally compelled to separate. Whether she died of bitter sorrow and a broken heart, at Montreuil, or returned to the solitudes of Romsey to meditate on past happiness and pray for a speedy death, seems uncertain. Some of her successors were by no means adapted to superintend a happy family of nuns, inasmuch as they indulged in strong potations, and had learned how to “ lengthen their days,” in accordance with the poet’s prescription, by stealing “afew hours from the night.” At the epoch of the suppression of religious houses their revenues amounted to £538:8:104. The Abbey lands are now princi- pally possessed by the Rt. Hon, Lord Mount-Temple. In the centre of the market-place there is a memorial statue of Lord Palmerston by Noble. One of the pleasantest walks in the neighbourhood of Romsey crosses the Andover Canal to BroapLANDs, the seat of the late Lord Palmerston, who, in its improvement and management, shewed that vigorous energy which distinguished him in public life. The house, of. white brick, with stone dressings, has a good effect. The design was furnished to the late Lord Pal- merston by “Capability Brown.’ There is here a collection of pictures of more than usual interest :—by Rembrandt, a Man’s Head, and a Monk; the Arsenal of Venice, Canaletti ; the Prodigal Son, and Hagar, Gwercino; an Old Man, Gerard Dow ; Descent of the Cross, Domenichino ; the Duke of Alva, Count von Horn, the Prince of Orange, and the Last Communion of St Francis d’Ains, Rubens ; a Portrait of Himself, Vandyck ; Christ at Supper, Paolo Veronese ; and a St. Peter, Guido. The gallery also includes specimens of Claude Lorraine, Ruysdael, Nicholas Poussin, Berghem, Castiglione, Salvator Rosa, Teniers, Wouvermanns, Loutherbourg, Vander Velde, and Backhuysen. The lawn slopes from the west front of the house to the troutful DUNBRIDGE. 89 Test. The park includes nearly 800 acres, and the pleasure- grounds about twenty-five. From this point we may make two diversions : westward to Empty Park (8. Smith, Esq.), the birthplace of Florence Nightingale, and therefore a shrine which every English pilgrim will reverently visit—a picturesque Elizabethan mansion, in a most charming environment of blossomy garden-ground; or eastward by way of Toor Hint, where there are some old oaks, and slight indications of an ancient entrenchment, to NuTSHALL- “ING (population 721), or Nursling, whose ancient CHURCH con- tains the stately white marble monument, with effigies of a knight and his lady, of Sir Richard Mille, K:G., d. 1613; and a curious inscribed stone and brass for Andrew Mandy, d. 1632, whose motto seems to have been “ Nec zenith, nec nadir.” Before entering Nutshalling we pass Grove Place, a towered and turreted mansion, the property of the Rt. Hon. Lord: Mount- Temple, which was formerly, itissaid, a hunting-box of Queen Eliza- beth. We may return to Romsey along the bank of the Test. Resuming our railway route we cross the Andover road on a lofty embankment, and the river Test on an ornamental viaduct which cost upwards of £20,000. Soon afterwards FINSBURY, a small village, with an ancient flint-built CuurcH, appears on our right, and a range of low, wooded hills, on our left. Be- fore entering the DunBRIpGE Station, 4 miles from Romsey, we - skirt the grounds of Mortisront (Lady B. Mill), watered by the sinuous Test. The house, a massive buttressed pile, embodies some portions of the priory of Augustinian canons which formerly existed here, and was established (probably on the site of a Saxon foundation) by Flambard the Firebrand, prior of Christchurch, and afterwards bishop of Durham. Queen Eleanor, wife of Ed- ward I., was one of its most liberal benefactors, and gave daily _-alms to seven poor widows. Henry VIII. exchanged its lands with Lord Sandys for the manor of Chelsea, and one of the co- _ heiresses of the last peer of that name married Sir John Mill, ancestor of the present owner. A portion of the cloisters and several of the abbey fish-ponds are still in existence. In the house is preserved an ancient painting, representing two events in the career of Thomas Aqui- nas :—in one compartment the ascetic receives a visit from St. Peter, after a fast of three days and three nights’ duration, and 90 MOTTISFONT— LOCKERLEY incessant prayer, to discover the meaning of a particular passage in Isaiah,—in the other the Holy Spirit, in the form of a Dove, is dictating to him, while at the open door Bonaventure stands observing him. The village of MOTTISFONT (population of parish 520) is — small but neat ; the CHurcH, dedicated to St. Andrew, con- tains some good stained glass. At Dunbridge the Test is crossed by a neat iron bridge. The surrounding country is of the pleasantest character, and the low Wiltshire hills form a notable feature of the landscape. One mile west the railway passes through LOCKERLEY, its insigni- ficant church being close to the line, crosses the Test at several points, winds below the hills of EAST DEAN, and 87? miles from London enters Wiltshire. Eight miles farther west is SALISBURY, (Hotels: White Hart; Red Lion; Angel. Population, 14,792.] or New Sarvy, which, although belonging to Wiltshire, and thus beyond the proper limits of this work, is noticed here from its position on the line of railway and general accessibility from the adjacent county. It is a municipal and parliamentary borough and capital of Wiltshire, and lies in a low, rich country, at the confluence of the Avon, Wily, and Bourne rivers, 82 miles W.S.W. of London. It is very regularly built, six principal streets stretching from N. to S., and as many others crossing them at right angles. Through some of the streets streams of water from the Avon are conducted in artificial channels. The houses, which are large, and some of them very handsome, are generally built of brick ; but some, of a more ancient date, are of wood. The chief building is The Cathedral, which rises majestically to the south of the town, from the close and beautiful meadow, about half a square mile in extent, planted with trees, and en- tered by three antique gates. The building itself is one of the finest and most regular in England ; it is in the form of a double cross, from the centre of which rises a graceful spire, the loftiest in the country, being 404 feet, equal to the height of the cross of St. Paul’s, London. The style of architecture is that of the Early English, the building having been executed (with the ex- ception of the spire and west front which are later) between the ~ SALISBURY CATHEDRAL( INS ea ae ee : ‘ ? 4 ( é ‘6 é t poge? te ween : , 16 17 ‘ 4 t i] 4 4 ‘ ‘4 ' J ee i t) ' . 4 ni a Aedes t totaly ie 8 , ‘ ‘ ® : fi H 15 Pose 6 ’ ’ 6 ° - "W “pall -< rote! gg? we wmeger see f enn es cusecunes s0 H + oS ; ‘ ’ : > 6 / i j el § H a Neca cenwceneny 8 8 1. Lord Wyndham . 2. Bishop Herman? (1078) { 3. Bishop Jocelin (1184) ‘ 4, Bishop Roger ? (1189) H 5, Bishop Beauchamp, 1481 : 6. Lord Hungerford, 1459 4 10 ; 7, W. Longspee, 1226 . i] ra” acd 6 8. Sir John Cheyne eon. sey 9, Sir J. de Montacute, 1389 + 10. Wm. Longspee, 1250 : : 5 ll. The Boy Bishop } 2 ; 42. Lord Malmesbury, 1820 4 13, Bishop Woodville ? (1484) 3 14, Wyville Brass, 1375 4 15. Six Thos. Gorges, 1610 A 16. Lord Hertford, 1563, etc. r% 3 17. Giles de Bridport ‘ z : : 18. Bishop Mitford, 1407 Se iar ea 19. Dr Turberville Ig cierinay Ianewruts z i oy a ae Pratiendin | Bi SALISBURY. 91 years 1220 and 1258, It is very complete in all its parts, having a nave and choir, with two aisles; a lady chapel, east of the choir ; a larger and a smaller transept, with one aisle each; besides an octagonal chapter-house, the roof supported by a single elegant _ pillar, and cloisters 181 feet square. Within the close stands an extensive episcopal palace, and a deanery with fine gardens. The principal dimensions of the cathedral are :—Extreme length, 473 feet ; length of great transept, 229 feet 7 inches ; of nave, 229 feet 6 inches ; height of the interior, 81 feet ; of the exterior, 115 feet. The west front is a very rich and fine specimen of the Pointed style, flanked by massive square towers surmounted by pinnacles. The library contains about 6000 volumes and 130 manuscripts. There is a Psalter interlined with an Anglo-Saxon version ; an early copy of Geoffrey of Monmouth, and a transcript of Magna Charta. The Cathedral has undergone restoration at a cost of £70,000. The clock in the tower was erected by the Wilts regiment, in memory of their comrades who died in India and Aden, 1868-82. Besides the cathedral, the town contains two parish churches and several chapels, There is a grammar school attached to the cathedral for the instruction of the choristers, and another founded by Queen Elizabeth in the town. There are, besides, a bishop’s school and various others of different kinds. In the middle of the town is a large open market-place, at one corner of which stands the council-house, and in another a bronze statue of the late Lord Herbert. Near this is the poultry market, containing a fine hexagonal cross of the time of Edward Ill. There are also a county jail and bridewell, library and reading-room, museum, assembly-and concert rooms, a small theatre, and several charitable institutions. Races are held an- nually in August, on the downs near the town, No important manufacture is carried on. Salisbury owes its origin to a quarrel which took place in the thirteenth century between the bishop and canons of Old Sarum and the captain of the castle, in conse- quence of which these ecclesiastical dignitaries left their former seat, about a mile and a half north of Salisbury, .and founded a new cathedral here. The most of the townsmen followed them ; and hence the name of New Sarum applied to the town. A charter was granted by Henry III., and the town was walled in 1315. Ithas been honoured by several visits of royalty, and more than one Parliament. Old Sarum, on the road to Ames- bury, is noted for its old ramparts and its view of Salisbury Plain. 92 THE NEW FOREST. THE NEW FOREST. SOUTHAMPTON TO RINGWOOD. [Redbridge, 34 mi. ; Lyndhurst, 35 m,; Beaulieu, 3} m.; Brockenhurst, 44 m. ; Ringwood, 6 m. ; Christchurch, 5 m.] Proceeding on this route we pass SHIRLEY, where the poet Pollok died in 1827, REDBRIDGE, and ELING, a few miles to the north-west of which are the remains of the ancient en- trenchment on TatcHBuRY Mount, and the pleasant grounds of PauLtton Park (W. Sloane Stanley, Esq.) Arriving at Lynd- hurst, we find ourselves on the borders of the Forest, the amplest and wildest of woodlands now existing in the south of England. Everybody, of course, knows that William the Conqueror was the creator of the “ New Forest.” He it was who first placed this vast tract of wooded country under the severe re- strictions of the Norman forest laws, and increased its limits so as to include the whole extent of land between the South- ampton estuary on the east, and the southern Avon on the west. The popular tale that he destroyed fifty churches, uprooted numerous villages, and exterminated their inhabitants, is, doubt- less, an exaggeration. ‘The very qualities of the forest soil dis- prove it. Its “hungry uplands and marshy valleys” could never have been smiling pastures or golden corn-fields. But enough of misery and desolation followed in the enforcement of the forest-laws to load the memory of their author with imperish- able odium, and there are evidences, in the names of certain localities, of the existence of churches and strongholds which the Conqueror swept away. This remarkable district is nearly sixty miles in circum- ference, or about the size of the Isle of Wight, and contains 91,000 acres, Of these, 900 acres are encroachments ; 11,200 acres enclosures round the keepers’ lodges ; 25,000 acres belong to manors and freehold estates, independent of the forest laws; and about 1000 acres are held of the Crown by leases. The remainder consists of woods and (about 14,000 acres) of pasture- lands, Its original extent (as computed by Cobbet) was 144,000 acres, The present boundaries may be defined by drawing two lines from Blackhill in Wiltshire to Dunley Chine, near Poole, on the west, and to Calshot Castle on the east, the coast forming the base of the triangle. It is divided into nine bailiwicks, which FROM SOUTHAMPTOM TO RINGWOOD. 93 are subdivided into fifteen walks, and the whole was till lately under the control of a Lord Warden, who formerly appointed a cohort of woodwards and verdurers, regarders, foresters, and under-foresters ; but in pursuance of a report issued by the Royal Commission in 1857-8, the administration has been greatly simplified. It is now administered by a Deputy-Surveyor. Oak ~ and beech are here extensively raised for the supply of Her Majesty’s dockyards. The oak does not reach a great size, but is — gnarled and knotted in a most picturesque fashion. There are now no deer in the grassy glades, and they never at any time attained the size and strength of their northern brethren. The last great “deer-hunt” took place about 1838, when upwards of thirty masters of hounds and about 1500 sportsmen assembled on the heath at Stoney Cross. After the stag got away, the number of his pursuers speedily dwindled down to seven, and at length he was secured by John King, Esq., the master of the Hambledon Hunt, in a barn attached to one of the keeper’s lodges. He was removed to Windsor, and appropriately named “ King John.” The present denizens of the Forest are,—foxes, a few badgers, squirrels, rabbits; the famous MHampshires hogs, which are generally dark-brindled or black, and may be described as ‘‘a cross” between the domestic pig and the wild boar ; and the small, hardy, New Forest ponies, resembling in many points the ponies of Shetland and the Hebrides. These generally congregate in herds of twenty or thirty, and * fetch at the neighbouring fair from £10 to £20 each. The scenery of the New Forest is richest, perhaps, between Minstead and Ringwood, though the vistas of gleaming waters opened up through the branching trees in the vicinity of Beaulieu may better commend themselves to the taste of many. There are “nooks of greenery” in several parts so wild, so savage, so venerable in character, that the wayfarer almost expects to hear the ringing blast of the huntsman’s horn echo through the silent glades, and the whirring arrow shoot through the hissing air, and . the swift stag spring far away into the deep, dark, shadowy copse. Tradition has not yet abandoned this haunted ground. The meddlesome Wood-imp, the colt-pixy, still leads astray the wandering horse, “ neighing in likeness of a filly foal.” Bees are told over in the hive when the corpse lies pale and rigid in the house. The Christmas mummers repeat in the forest-villages 94 LYNDHURST. the old mystery of “St. George and the Dragon.” Fairies at midnight tread a merry measure on the sward, where, next morn- ing, you may easily trace the prints of their tripping feet. The curling smoke of a gipsy encampment may still be looked for among the wooded depths. There are now but few-“squatters” in the Forest, and the poachers have almost disappeared. Though wild tales of crime may yet be gathered from the lips of the old forest-born and forest-bred, they refer to a long-past period. Over purple heaths, and through avenues of beech, and fir, and birch, and up fresh grassy knolls, and down into pleasant valleys where the. water-nymphs are ever singing, the pilgrim may wander unheeded and undisturbed. The following two days’ route will introduce him to a succession of these delectable landscapes. Let him leave the train at the Lyndhurst-road (Hotel : New Forest) for Lynp- HURST, 24 miles; thence to MinstEaAD, Matwoop, and Rurvs’ Strong, 5 miles north-west. Take the Poole road as far as Rine- woop, 7 miles south-west. Stay there the night. Cross through the forest to BROCKENKURST, 10 m. S.E. (Rose and Crown Jnn), and thence by Watcombe House and Hatchet Gate to BEAULIEU, 6 miles east. Return to the rail at Beaulieu Road Station, 5 miles north-east. [The principal Szats in the Forest are, CurFNELLS (R. Hargreaves, Esq.), for- merly the residence of Pitt’s steadfast adherent, The Right Hon. George Rose— near Lyndhurst ; Fox LEAsE (W. G. Stevenson, Esq.), in the same neighbourhood ; BrocKkENHURST PARK (J. Morant, Esq.) { the Manor Hovuss (F. Compton, Esq.), near Minstead ; Burtry (W. C. D. Esdaile, Esq.)—3 miles south-east of Ringwood ; and PaLacE Housg, Beaulieu (Lord Mount-Temple). There are numerous lodges, and a few good farms. INNS :—at MinsteEap, The Trusty Servant, with the emblematic figure described in our notice of Winchester (see page 38), and the Royal Oak; at Sronry Cross, the Compton Arms ; at LynpHurRstT, the Crown; at Rinawoop ; the Crown, Star, Lamb, and Antelope; at BRocKENHURST, the Rose.and Crown, and Railway Inn; at BEAULIEU, the Montague Arms ; and at BuRLEY, the Queen’s Head.] LYNDHURST (Hotel: The Crown), 2.¢., the linden, or lime- tree wood, is a large and important village, about 2 miles from the railway station (omnibus from hotel meets the trains). Its only curiosity is the QuEEN’s Houss, a “homely structure” of the time of Charles IL, wherein the Forest Courts are held, and forest business generally transacted. George III. spent a week here on his journey to Weymouth in 1789; and it is the Lord Warden’s residence when that dignitary pays an occasional visit FROM SOUTHAMPTON TO RINGWOOD. 95 to the Forest. The Hall is decorated with some stags’ heads, and “William Rufus’ stirrup-iron”—the latter, in reality, a relic of the days of Henry VIII.—traditionally reported to have been made use of by the doomed king on his last fatal chase — ‘And still in merry Lyndhurst hall Red William’s stirrup decks the wall— Who lists the sight may see”—(W. Stewart Rose). Its width is 104 inches ; its depth, 74. The seats of the verdurers are of oak, covered with baize. There is a criminal’s dock. The CuHurcH, rebuilt in 1863 in the Early English style, is deserving of attention. It is built of red brick, artfully relieved with courses of black and white, while the columns of the chancel are of Plymouth marble. The most noteworthy features of this interesting church are effloriated capitals of the pillars, the ad- mirable fresco of the Ten Virgins, a gift from Sir Frederick Leighton, the stained glass windows, and the monument to Sir P. Jennings by Flaxman. We now turn to the right, and keep in a north-easterly direction, past the Manor House, to MINSTEAD (pop. 880), 2 miles, where the rich scenery of the forest first opens upon us. The inn here bears for its sign “The Trusty Servant,” whose emblematical figure adorns the kitchen of William of Wykeham’s foundation at Winchester. The ancient church lies in a deep leafy hollow. William Howitt has described this village with all the feel- ing of a poet and the skill of a painter :—“ On one side,” he says, “are open knolls and woodlands, covered with majestic beeches, and the village children playing under them ; on the other, the most rustic cottages, almost buried in the midst of their orchard trees, and thatched as Hampshire cottages alone are—in such projecting abundance—such flowing lines. The whole of the cottages thereabout are in equal taste with the roof—so different to the red, staring, square brick houses of manufacturing districts. They seem, as no doubt they are, erected in the spirit and under the influence of the genus loci. The beehives in their rustic rows, the little crofts, all belong to a primitive country. I went on, now coming to small groups of such places, now to others of superior pretensions, but equally blent with the spirit of the surrounding nature—little paradises of cultivated life. As I advanced, heathery hills stretched away on one hand, woods came 96 MINSTEAD. down thickly and closely on the other, and a winding road, beneath the shade of large old trees, conducted me to one of the most retired and peaceful of hamlets. It was Minstead. Herds of red-deer rose from the fern [they have since been removed], and went bounding away, and dashed into the depths of the woods ; troops of squirrels in hundreds scampered away from the ground where they were feeding. Delighted with the true woodland wildness and solemnity of beauty, I roved onward through the wildest woods that came in my way. Awaking as from a dream, I saw far around me one deep shadow, one thick and continuous roof of boughs, and thousands of hoary boles, standing clothed as it were with the very spirit of silence. I admired the magnificent sweep of some grand old trees as they hung into a glade or ravine, some delicious opening in the deep woods, or the grotesque of particular trees, which seemed to have been blasted into blackness, and contorted into inimitable crookedness, by the savage genius of the place.” Bearing to the left after passing Trusty Servant for top of Stonry Cross Hix (fine view), thence, to the left at Malwood Lodge, descend into the glen where Rurus’ Stone indicates the site of the fatal oak tree within whose shadow the second of the Norman kings of England is supposed to have met his death. It is cased with iron and bears the following inscription :— On the first side—“ Here stood the oak tree, on which an arrow, shot by Sir Walter Tyrell at a stag, glanced, and struck King William II. (surnamed. Rufus) in the breast, of which he instantly died on the 2d day of August, anno 1100.” This spot was visited by King George and Queen Charlotte, June 27, 1789. Second side—“ King William IIL. being slain, as is before related, was laid in a cart belonging to one Purkess, and drawn from hence to Winchester, and buried in the Cathedral church of that city.” | Third side—“That where an event so memorable had hap- pened might not be hereafter unknown, this stone was set up by Lord Delaware, who had seen the tree growing in this place, anno 1745. This stone was repaired by John Richard, Earl of Delaware, anno 1789” Fourth side—* This stone having been much mutilated, and the inscriptions on each of its three sides defaced, this more durable memorial, with the original inscriptions, was erected in the year 1841 by William Sturges Bourne, warden.” FROM SOUTHAMPTON TO RINGWOOD. 97 [Whether William’s death was really accidental; whether Sir Walter Tyrrel, either by chance, or bribed by Henry I., shot the fatal arrow; whether it was sped by the hand of some Saxon whom the fierce king had wronged, must now remain one of the mysteries of history. The account of this strange catastrophe given by Matthew Paris, is singularly graphic, and may, perhaps, interest the reader :— ** Now the King, on the day preceding his death, dreamed a dream; and lo! he felt as if smitten with a javelin, and that forthwith there issued from the wound a stream of blood, which sprung up even to the sky, beclouded the sun, and ex- tinguished the light of day. Starting from his slumbers, he invoked the Blessed Virgin, and calling for a lamp, he bade his chamberlains stay by him; and so, sleepless, spent the remainder of the night. “And when the: morning dawned, a certain monk from across the seas, who sought an audience of the monarch, respecting divers affairs of the church, related unto one Robert Fitz-Hamon, a man of great power, and very familiar with the king, a vision which had troubled his rest, and was truly very marvellous and ter- rible :—‘ As I slumbered,’ said the monk, ‘ methought I saw the king enter a church, with proud step, and haughty, as is his wont, and gazing contemptuously on those around him. Then, seizing the crucifix with his teeth, he gnawed off its arms, and left it scarce a single limb. And when, for some time, the crucifix had this en- dured, at length with its right foot it so spurned the monarch that he fell prostrate on the pavement, and there, as he lay, from his mouth leapt forth a flame, and it spread around, and a cloudy smoke-like chaos went upwards to the stars.’ ‘When Robert Fitz-Hamon repeated this vision to the king, he laughed loudly, saying—‘ Here is a monk who hath dreamed, monk-wise, for his own profit. Give him a hundred shillings that he may see he hath not dreamed in vain.’ “Then, on the night before his death, there came yet another dream unto the king. He saw upon a certain altar an infant of exceeding beauty ; and hungering and desiring beyond limit, he went and took a mouthful of his flesh, and it seemed very good to him even while he ate it. But when he sought to satisfy himself again, the child, with stern aspect, and threatening voice, exclaimed—‘ Forbear ! thou hast already taken too much.’ Whereupon, suddenly waking, he asked a cer- tain bishop the interpretation of his dream. And the bishop, suspecting some retri- bution near at hand, said unto him—‘ Cease, O King, to persecute the church, for this is a warning from on high, and a gentle premonition. Go not forth, as thou didst purpose, unto the chase to-day.’ _ “The king, despising this wholesome counsel, went forth into the woods to hunt. And lo! it happened that as an immense stag passed him, he said to a certain knight, named Walter Tyrel—‘ Draw, devil!’* Then the swift arrow fled from the bow, even as the poet hath expressed it— ‘ And once outsped, it flies beyond recal ;’ J and glancing against a neighbouring tree, turned aside, and pierced the heart of King William, who fell suddenly—dead! And his attendants and the unhappy knight immediately fled away. But some, returning, took up the body, all cold and wet with blood, and placed it ir the light cart of a charcoal-burner, drawn by a very lean mule. And they forced the rustic to bear it towards the city, when, as he passed through a miry lane, the cart broke down, and the corpse was hurled into the mire. So he left it for others, if they would, to carry it further. ‘About the same hour the Har] of Cornwall, hunting in a wood—about two * According to Ordericus Vitalis, the king, at this moment, shaded his eyes from the sun with his hand; and it may be noted that the site of the fatal tree, as now indicated by the memorial-stone, must have been fully open to the setting sun. H 98 RUFUS’ STONE. days’ journey from the spot where this dread event took place—strayed from his companions, and saw, to his wild amaze, an immense swarthy stag bearing away the king’s body, all black and miry, and wounded in the breast. Then he adjured the stag—in the name of the Holy Trinity—to declare the meaning of this fearful thing. ‘I bear to judgment,’ said he ‘ your monarch, even the tyrant William the Red... Iam an evil spirit, and the avenger of the wickedness which he did to Christ’s Holy Church ; and I wrought this tragedy at the command of the proto- martyr of England, even the blessed Alban, who complained unto Heaven, because in the land which he had consecrated there should. be such woe.’ So the earl went away, and told his companions what had occurred; and within three days they found that all these things were true, being informed thereof by faithful wit- nesses.” ; Sir Walter, when he saw the ill deed he had done, struck his spurs into his horse, and rode away hastily, crossing the Avon between Ringwood and Sopley. Here he stopped to have his horse’s shoes reversed, and killed the smith (says tradition), to prevent betrayal. He afterwards made oath before Segur, abbot of St. Denys, that he had not entered on that day the part of the greenwood where the king was slain. The charcoal-burner who conveyed the king’s body to Winchester is said to have been named Purkess, and his descendants live in the neighbourhood to the present day, never becoming richer or poorer than their ancestor. ** And still—so runs our forest creed— Flourish the pious yeoman’s seed E’en in the self-same spot: One horse and cart their little store, Like their forefather’s—neither more Nor less the children’s lot” —(W. Stewart Rose). Lord Palmerston, in the course of a debate in the House of Commons in 1859, observed that there was still ‘‘ a Purkess in the Forest, who regarded his patrimonial piece of ground, handed down from father to son for some centuries, with as much pride as the peer of the longest pedigree and the squire of a thousand acres.” Up to the days of Henry VIII. a small CHAPEL, or ORATORY, stood near the spot where the king fell, and masses for the peace of his soul were sometimes sung. The memory of the spot has never died out, and now— * A fair stone in green Malwood Informs the traveller where stood The memorable tree.” The oak, it was said, put forth its leaves in mid-winter, but such is also the case with a many-branched tree at Cadnam, on the borders of Wiltshire, which robes itself in young foliage on Old Christmas-day. To the east of Stoney Cross was situated Matwoop Krerp (Malwood, #.e., Malf’s wood, from its Saxon lord), where the Norman kings had a hunting castle, and where Rufus resided the night before his death, with a glittering train of nobles, knights, and squires, and accompanied by his brother Henry. “The Red King lies in Malwood Keep; To drive the deer o’er lawn and steep, He’s bound him with the morn; His steeds are swift, his hounds are good ; The like in covert or high wood Were never cheer’d with horn”—(W. Stewart Rose). There are no traces now of ‘‘ Malwood Keep,” but the spot may be visited for its beauty. | THE NEW FOREST. 99 Before proceeding westwards we may here describe the fol- lowing BRANCH ROUTE—BEAULIEU ROAD to LYMINGTON. At 2 miles from Lyndhurst Road a viaduct crosses the valley of the Beaulieu, a small stream that rises in the forest, and holds a few trout. The walk (3 miles) from hence, through grassy woodlands and across crystal streams, to BEAULIEU (popula- tion 1000) itself, should be undertaken by the tourist, who, of course, will make a reverent pilgrimage to the ruins of BEAULIEU ApBeY. Well did this lovely nook, with its low wooded hills, its broad shimmering estuary, its cloistered boughs, its crisp green sward, and its background of forest-shadows, deserve the poetical appellation which distinguishes it—Bellus Locus, Beau Ineu, or the “ fair place.” The ruins lie on the slopes of a gentle hill, washed by an inlet of the Solent, where the little Exe pours out. its tributary waters. All around them cluster the cottages and blooming gardens of Beaulieu village, and though the old mo- nastic vineyard no longer exists, a vigorous vine trails over almost every cottage-door. Meadow, and heath, and pasture, and corn- field, and forest-avenues, extend from this point even to. Hythe and Dibden (the deep dene, or valley), and, descending the estu- ary, the blue Solent broadens before us in light, and life, and glory ; while beyond, the beautiful “ Vectis” uprears her lofty downs. What a spot for a life of monastic seclusion! How the soul might feed on images, and thoughts, and fancies ever-new and ever-beautiful! From trees and from waters, from leaf and blossom, from lawny slope and ferny hollow, extracting fresh matter for love and wonder, till the place “ became religion,” and wakened the purest and holiest impulses. “It stood embosomed in a happy valley, Crowned by high woodlands, where the Druid oak Stood, like Caractacus in act to rally His host, with broad arms ’gainst the thunderstroke ; And from beneath his boughs were seen to sally The dappled foresters ; as day awoke, The branching stag swept down with all his herd To quaff a brook which murmured like a bird.” Beaulieu Abbey, established by King John in 1204, is the sole religious foundation associated with his name. In the 100 BEAULIEU. cartulary of the abbey, it is said that he had vowed a terrible punishment upon the Cistercian abbots, had persuaded or com- pelled them to attend a parliament at Lincoln, and had there threatened to fling them under the feet of wild horses. But at night he was terrified by a weird dream: he was brought to trial before a nameless judge, and the witnesses against him were the priests he had menaced. Then he was condemned to submit to a severe scourging at their hands, and behold, when he awoke in the morning, the pain of the infliction was still acute and bitter. So he determined to make expiation for the sin he had meditated ; established Beaulieu Abbey ; placed in it thirty monks from Citeaux; and endowed it with lands in Berkshire and Hamp- shire. His mother, Queen Eleanor, was buried here. In 1250 the buildings were completed, and Henry IIL, his wife, and nobles, attended the dedication. Pope Innocent granted it the privilege of “sanctuary,” which, in 1471, was availed of by Margaret of Anjou and her son, Prince Edward, who landed here in time to learn the defeat of their adherents at Barnet. When joined by the Earl of Devon they proceeded from hence to that red field of Tewkesbury, where the red rose was all “ untimely cropp’d.” In 1496, Perkin Warbeck, the Yorkist pretender, took refuge at Beaulieu after his defeat at Taunton. But Lord D’Aubigny immediately invested it with 300 horse, and blockaded him into a compulsory surrender, though promises of a pardon were held out to him. After the Dissolution Beaulieu fell into the hands of Wriothes- ley, Earl of Southampton ; passed to the Montagues, temp. William IIL; and thence to the ducal house of Buccleuch. The ruins of this once magnificent pile are of high interest, though not of considerable extent. The outline of the cloisters and church may still be distinctly traced, and a gateway, enriched | with ivy, is in good preservation. The Assor’s Lopainea has been converted into a dwelling-house, belonging to the Duke of Buccleuch. Its Hall (Decorated) has a good groined roof, and in the upper apartments remain some linen-patterned panelling of the time of Henry VIII. The moat which encircles it was the work of an eccentric Duke of Montague, who apprehended an nunceremonious visit from French privateers. The Great Haut or Rerecrory is now made use of as the parish CuHuroH. It is a plain Early English edifice, of stone, stoutly buttressed, with a curious raftered roof ; the bosses ‘at the THE NEW FOREST, 101 intersection of the beams are carved into heads of angels, abbots, and other figures. There are four lancet-windows on the south, four appropriated to the pulpit—which is encircled with zigzag mouldings, and was occupied, during the monastic repasts, by a reader or lecturer—and six on the north side. The iron-work of the west door is worth notice. | Against the east wall a monument, with effigy, bears the fol- lowing acrostic :— “To the lasting memory of Mary, daugnter of Thomas Elliott, Gent, and late wife of Will D’o. She dyed in childbirth the xxiii day of June A.D. 1651, statis suze 40. M erciless fate (to our greate griefe and woe), A prey hath here made of our deere Mall Do, R akte up in duste, and hid in earthe and claye, Y et live her soule, and virtues, now and aye ; D eath is a debte all owe, which must be paide: O h! that she knewe, and of’t was not afraide.” In the churchyard there was formerly a gravestone recording the powers of one Mary Dore, a Beaulieu witch, who could trans- form herself into a hare or a cat, and afflict or cure all the cattle in the neighbourhood ; hence, we suppose, the patronage accorded to her by the second Duke of Buccleuch. | The remains of the CLOISTERS present some good arches ; ; those on the east side used to open into the chapter-house. The Dormitory may also be inspected ; the K1tcHEN—a spacious one as beseemed a wealthy Cistercian foundation ; and vaults, or cel- lars, underneath. The great Church contained a nave, north and south aisles, transepts with aisles, apsidal chancel, and central tower. ‘Their position is indicated by a low stone ground-plan, worked out under the direction of the Duke of Buccleuch. Near the Abbey some pleasant fields with a southern aspect retain the name of the VINEYARDS, and their purple fruit was gathered as late as 1730. Just beyond stands the BRewrEry, as a large plain building is traditionally styled. Within the Abbey precincts, which include about 20 acres, still remain the conven- tual fish-ponds and stews. The olden walls are in tolerable pre- servation. Descending Beaulieu Creek, and passing the village quay or wharf, we keep southward until we reach BuckiEer’s Harp, where several men-of-war were formerly built. On the opposite shore stands Expury House (Major Foster)—the residence of 102 " BROCKENHURST. Mitford, ‘the learned historian of Greece—and beyond is LEP, whence Louis of France departed on the accession to the throne of Richard IL, and Charles 1. embarked on his: fatal passage to Carisbrooke. From this point to the Isle of Wight the tin traffic, — it is believed, was carried in cumbrous carts, where at low water - the recess of the tide left a dry and secure passage. Stans Ore Point, on the east, and Needs Ore, on the west of the Beaulieu Creek, derive their names from the Saxon ora, or landing-place. Between Stans Ore and Calshot Castle stands the mansion of EAGLEHURST, originally known as “ Luttrell’s Folly,” from its builder, the Hon. Temple Luttrell, and enjoying a very fine ~ and picturesque view of the Solent and the Isle of Wight. — Returning to the west shore, we reach St. Leonarps, the principal grange or farm belonging to Beaulieu Abbey. There are here some fragments of a small Decorated Chapel, and the - ruins of a noble barn, or spicariwm, 226 feet long, 77 feet wide, and 60 feet in height. Nearer- the shore stands Park Farm, another monastic grange, whose Early English Chapel, 42 feet long and 14 feet broad, is vaulted with stone, and divided by a stone screen into two compartments. Keeping along the low wooded shore we arrive, in about half an hour, at SownEy, where there is a pond, about 150 acres in area, called “ Freshwater,” and at 3 miles beyond, reach BADDESLEY, and so enter LyMINGTON (see next page). MAIN ROUTE RESUMED—LYNDHURST ‘0 BROCKENHURST. , ‘ We now penetrate still deeper into the bosom of the New Forest, and as our rapid progress by rail continually introduces us to a fresh burst of rich woodland scenery, are moved to a warm and increasing admiration. At 2 miles from Beaulieu road we pass, on our left, Lapy Cross LopaE; at half a mile beyond we cross one of the little branches of the Boldre river, soon sweep round the enclosures of Wurrpy Lopes, cross the Boldre itself, and leaving BRockENHURST PaRK (J. Morant, Esq.) on our left, run into the BRocKENHURST STATION, adjoining the Salisbury and Lymington road, and the picturesque half-hidden village of BROCKENHURST (population 1027; Inn: Rose and Crown). About half a mile down the Lymington road, and on an artificial mound, stands the CuurcH, with its Norman nave and ’ (HE NEW FOREST. 103 Early English chancel; its curious chancel-arch ; an enriched Norman door on its south side ; and a Norman font of Purbeck marble. The churchyard rejoices in a venerable ivy-shrouded oak, about 23 feet in girth, and a noble yew tree, whose hollow trunk is 17 feet in circumference. BrockENHURST PaRK is close at hand. - Brockenhurst is now a favourite centre for tourists through the forest, who may start from hence to LynpHuRstT, 4 miles ; thence, by way of Minstead, to Stonry Cross, 34 miles ; and so, through the woodlands, to Rrnawoop, 7 miles. BRANCH ROUTE—BROCKENHURST to LYMINGTON. At about 954 miles from London, and 1} miles beyond Brockenhurst, we turn off, southward, to LYMINGTON, 4 miles, which affords a convenient starting-point for the western corner of the Isle of Wight. Several steamers to Yarmouth daily. At 3 miles from Brockenhurst we pass on our left the Roman camp of BUCKLAND Rings. LYMINGTON. [Hotels: The Angel, and Nag’s Head. Population, 5468.] 105 m. by rail from London, 92 m. by road ; 20} m. from Southampton ; 4 m. by water from Yarmouth, Isle of Wight ; 9m. from Lyndhurst; 11 m. from Christchurch. fa Steam-packets in connection with the trains ply between Yarmouth and Lymington ; and, during the summer months, between Lymington, Cowes, Ryde, and Portsmouth, on Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday afternoons. LYMINGTON is the “ Lentune” of the Domesday Book, and has a history dating from the early British period, when its salt- erns (it is said) supplied with salt the Phcenician traders. That it was afterwards a Roman station may be inferred from the number of Roman coins and relics discovered here, and its vicinity to the Roman entrenchment (apparently founded on an earlier British camp) at Bucknanp (Buck-land) Rivas, 1 mile ~ north—one of the numerous military posts with which the im- perial colonists commanded the ocean passes of southern Britain. At the Conquest, the manor was bestowed on Earl Roger de Yvery, but it was confiscated by Henry I., and granted to Richard de Redvers, Lord of the Isle of Wight, and Count of Devon. Its’ salterns were bestowed by Earl Richard on his newly-founded - 104 LYMINGTON. Abbey of Quarr, and he and his successors encouraged the establishment of a foreign trade, and the formation of a port and quay. Isabella de Fortibus parted with the Lymington manor and the Isle of Wight to Edward III. for 60,000 marks—a death- bed agreement which was vainly disputed by her heirs. At this time the town was of sufficient importance to be summoned to return two representatives to the National Council, but did not avail itself of the privilege until the reign of Elizabeth. Tradi- tion asserts that three times in the course of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries it was plundered by the French sea-rovers ; but, nevertheless, it seems to have maintained its position as a port of greater consideration than Southampton itself. During the Civil War it was inclined to favour the royal cause, and supplied with provisions the royal fleet under Prince Charles during its unsuccessful siege of Yarmouth. When the Duke of Monmouth, in 1685, landed at Lyme Regis, the mayor, one Dore, immediately declared in his favour, and proclaimed him king. One hundred men raised the insurgent standard, but the battle at Sedgmuir took place before they could prove their devotion, and the Duke was captured on his way to Lymington. A party of his adherents “were accustomed to meet at the house of a Mrs. Knapton, and over their pipes and beer (according to the customs of the times) to discuss the grievances of the nation. Information being given respecting these meetings, officers of justice were sent to apprehend the parties concerned. A friend gave notice of their approach, when Mrs. Knapton, with the utmost promptitude, dismissed her visitors‘at the back windows, cleared the tables in an instant ; and, to disguise the remaining smell of tobacco, seized a pipe, wrapped her face in flannel, and on the entrance of the constables appeared to be smoking as a remedy for toothache ; the stratagem succeeded, and the politi- cians escaped ”—Moody. Further particulars of the history of Lymington we are not in a condition to afford, but its chronicler has preserved an extract from the parochial registers, which may be quoted as a hint to our married readers :—“Samuel Baldwin, Esq., a sojourner in this parish, was immersed without the Needles in Scratcher’s (now Scratchell’s) Bay, sans cérémonie, May 20th, 1736,’—a mode of interment adopted in pursuance of the directions of the deceased, to prevent his wife from fulfilling her threat of dancing over his grave. THE NEW FOREST. 105 The town is agreeably situated on a slope which descends to the river, at the point where the Boldre begins to broaden into the Solent. It consists, in the main, of one long, steep, and pictur- esque street—the High Street—with which are connected Church Street, Quay Street, St. Thomas Street, and Southampton Build- ings. In the High Street, near its upper termination, stands the CHURCH, with a picturesque ivy-mantled tower, dedicated to St. ‘Thomas 4 Becket, and containing a bust of Charles Colborne, Esq., d. 1747, by Rysbrack, and a marble monument by Bacon to Captain Rogers. There are good wharves on the river bank, and a ship-building yard of some notoriety. South of the town are the salterns, where the sea-water being collected in square shal- low reservoirs, and changed from one another about six times, evaporates through the action of the wind and sun, and the residue, when sufficiently boiled, ee into salt. In the vicinity are some tolerable baths. The points of interest in the neighbourhood of Lymington are numerous. Proceeding northwards, we shall observe BucKLAND Ringe, a Brito-Norman encampment, with a triple vallum, and deep wooded trench 2400 feet in circumference overlooking the estuary, which at one time washed the foot of the hill. On the opposite side rises Mount PLEASANT, which was probably a camp of observation, or beacon tower. Near the Rings stands the low pleasant villa, in its belt of garden-ground, where Caroline Bowles, afterwards Mrs. Southey, wrote her “Chapters on Churchyards,” and whither she retired upon her husband’s death. Below it are the basins, and stacks, and busy fields of Ampruss Farm, which, as well as Ampress HoLE, commemorates in its ‘name the British chief Ambrosius, who was here defeated and slain by the Saxon Cerdic—(Warner). Turning to the right, and crossing the Boldre, we soon arrive at the village of BOLDRE (Inn: The Red Lion)—~.e., the bull-ford—whose leaf-enshrouded and hillock-raised CaurcH of Norman date is exactly in keeping with its picturesque situation. Here, “in a quiet mansion, beneath this stone, secured from the afflictions, and still more dangerous enjoyments of life, lie the remains of William Gilpin, some time vicar of this parish, together with the remains of Margaret, his wife. After living above 50 years in happy union they hope to be raised, in God’s due time, through the atonement of a blessed Redeemer, for their transgressions, to a state of joyful immor- 106 BOLDRE—HURST CASTLE. tality. There it will be a new joy to meet several of their good neighbours who now lie scattered in these sacred precincts around them. He died April the 5th, 1804, at the age of eighty ; she died July 14th, 1807, at the age of eighty-two.” The writer of this somewhat pretentious epitaph was the Rev. William Gilpin, vicar of Boldre for thirty years, and well known as the author of “Forest Scenery,” and “Observations on Picturesque Beauty.” There is also a memorial to Gilpin in the church. At Boldre the’ poet Southey was married to Caroline Bowles. Beyond Boldre, the broad brown heaths spread towards Brockenhurst in wild and romantic beauty, and afford some fine vistas of distant woods which may be commended to the artist’s notice. Returning from Boldre we pass on our left, Vicars Hin (E. H. Pember, Esq.), and the rich green masses of WALHAMPTON (D. Fullerton, Esq.), where an obelisk “ lifts its head” in memory of Admiral Sir Harry Burrard Neale. Turning our faces eastward from Lymington, we cross the . Tiver—pass Mount PLEASANT on our left—and in due time arrive at PinEWwELL Park (W. Ingham Whitaker), whence some good prospects of the Solent and the Isle of Wight are to be enjoyed. To the north lies the village of BADDESLEY, formerly a preceptory of the Knights Templars. There was also a chantry here, founded by Henry Wells early in the fourteenth century, and removed in 1818. The village was once famous for “a groaning tree,’—a young and vigorous elm—which for a year and a half gave forth a dismal wail from its roots, and only ceased when an auger-hole was bored in its trunk. _ South-west of Lymington (about 6 miles) stands Hurst CastLE and its two red lighthouses. A boat to visit it may be obtained at Keyhaven, 1 m. to the west. This fortress was built in 1535. It is the key to the narrow channel between the Hampshire coast and the western extremity of the Isle of Wight, and completely commands the entrance to Southampton Water. From the mainland a narrow peninsula, or rather a strip of land, juts out in a curve for about two miles. This peninsula is, in fact, a bar of shingle, “a bank of waterworn chalk flints, and gravel derived from the alluvial drift, which is so largely distributed over the coast district.” Sir Henry Englefield, describing it, says—‘ I is remarkable for its THE NEW FOREST. 107 uncommon solidity, for it is merely a submarine cliff of shingle, © 200 feet high, the depth of the channel close to the castle being 33 fathoms ; and the tide flows through it with a rapidity which, at certain times, no boat can stem.” Yet this natural breakwater has remained for centuries. At the extremity,of this singular ridge stands Hurst Castle, almost facing Sconce Point and its strong fortifications, in the Isle of Wight. It is a circular tower, strengthened with three semicircular bastions, and has lately undergone considerable alterations, which have rendered it of more importance in a military point of view. From hence to Osborne there has been laid down a submarine telegraph, con- | necting the royal residence with London, and enabling the Queen to communicate with her ministers, should any emergency render it necessary. , The historical associations connected with this ancient strong- hold are few, and of little interest. It became a point of some importance in the wars between Charles I. and the Parliament, and was early seized by the parliamentarian troops. When Charles I. was removed by the army from Carisbrooke Castle, this dun- geon-—for at that time it was no better—received for a few days the royal prisoner. The following account of this remarkable transaction is from the pen of one of his loyal attendants, whose narrative is still preserved among the MS. treasures of the British Museum :— “ In the morning (November 29, 1648), just at daybreak, the king, hearing a great knocking at his dressing-room door, sent the Duke of Richmond to know what it meant ; he, on inquiring who was there, was answered one Mildmay (one of the servants _ the Parliament had put to the king, and brother to Sir Henry). _ The duke demanding what he would have, was answered, there were some gentlemen from the army very desirous to speak with the king ; but the knocking increasing, the king commanded the duke to let them into his dressing-room. No sooner was this done, but before the king got out of his bed, those officers rushed into his chamber, and abruptly told the king they had orders to remove him. ‘From whom?’ said the king. ‘They replied, ‘from the army. ‘The king asked, ‘ whither he was to be re- moved ;’ they answered, ‘ to the castle’. The king asked, ‘ what castle ?? They again answered, ‘to the castle!’ ‘The castle,’ said the king, ‘is no castle” He told them he was well enough prepared for any castle, and required them to name the castle. 108 ; HURST CASTLE. After a short whispering together they said, ‘ Hurst Castle’ The king replied, ‘they could not well name a worse, and called to the Duke of Richmond to send for the Earl of Lindsey and Colonel - Cooke. At first they scrupled at the Earl of Lindsey’s coming ; but the king said, ‘ why not both, since both lie together?’ They promised to send for both, but sent for neither. And though the Duke of Richmond had ordered the king’s breakfast to be has- tened, presuming that there was but little provision in the deso- late castle ; yet, when he was scarce ready, the horses being come, they hurried him away, only permitting the duke to attend him about two miles, and then told him he must go no further ; when he sadly took his leave, being scarce permitted to kiss the king’s hand, whose last words were—* Remember me to my Lord Lind- sey and Colonel Cooke : and command Colonel Cooke, from me, never to forget the passages of this night.” And so the coach—containing the unhappy king guarded by two troops of horse—moved slowly westward towards “ Worsley’s Tower, a little beyond Yarmouth Haven.” Sad journey, truly, for the captive monarch, through the silence and the night, with bitterest thoughts for his company, and dreariest anticipations of the future! Surrounded by hostile swords—borne onward to a fearful dungeon—menaced, for all he knew, with the assassin’s dagger—he presented, as his loyal servant says, “a sorrowful spectacle, and a great example of fortune’s inconstancy.” In the neighbourhood of Yarmouth Haven—a small port opposite Lymington river—the king and his attendants rested about an hour, and then, the vessel being ready, went aboard. “The wind and tide favouring,” says Sir Thomas Herbert, “ they crossed the narrow sea in three hours, and landed at Hurst Castle.” At that time, according to the royalist Sir Philip Warwick, the castle contained only a few “ dog-lodgings,” for soldiers. And on a winter night, when the wind wailed round the solitary fort, and the wild waters beat ceaselessly against its walls, dreary enough must his prison have seemed to the doomed monarch! He sus- pected that his enemies had placed him there, as in an almost inaccessible stronghold, that he might be got rid of by the mid- night dagger. At Carisbrooke something of royal state had been preserved, and his true-hearted friends had been allowed to attend him ; here all was dark, desolate, forbidding. No spot more suitable for the assassin ! THE NEW FOREST. 109 But the great Puritan chiefs of England loved not to deal with their enemies after the Italian fashion. They were earnest in what they were about, and believing Charles Stuart had be- trayed the liberties of their country, resolved to bring him to - justice as a traitor, in the face of the whole world. Accordingly, on the 18th of December, at midnight, there was a great stir at Hurst Castle. The trampling of horses, the trailing of pikes, the falling drawbridge, the shouts of men and officers, woke the king from his sleep. He demanded of those who waited on him the cause of the sudden commotion. He was told that Colonel Har- rison had arrived. “Do you not know,” he said, hurriedly, to Herbert, “ that this is the man who intended to assassinate me, as by letter I was informed during the late treaty? This is a place fit for such a _ purpose.” But Harrison was not a murderer, and his object was simply to escort the king to Windsor, which the royal prisoner reached in safety the next day. The chamber, or cell, which the king occupied at Hurst was on the second storey, and, in size, about 8 feet by 4 feet 6 inches. The “ golden rules” which, it is said, he hung here against the wall, were long ago removed. Returning to the mainland, and keeping westward, we next reach MILFORD (Inn: The Red Lion), commanding a fine view of Alum Bay and the gleaming masses of the Needles. The CHURCH, mainly Early English, has some Norman portions in the nave, and an Early Decorated chancel. The central tower exhibits a curious string-course. There are memorials to Admiral Sir W. Cornwallis, by Foley, and to Sir James Carnac, by Mac- dowell. HORDLE, or HORDLEWELL, is 2 miles farther west, and possesses a handsome modern church. HoRDLECLIFF is 180 feet high, and of the tertiary formation. Near Hordle there was for some years a Shaker encampment, under the leadership of Mrs. Girdling, but her death in 1886 having disproved a main article of their faith, the encampment was broken up. The sea at this point rapidly encroaches upon the land, and brings down, ever and anon, rugged masses of cliff upon the echoing beach, which looks as if strewn with the toys of the Titans, The waters now fret and foam over the site of the late Marquis of Bute’s picturesque residence, BELVIDERE, and seem to threaten, at no distant day, the fall of 110 HORDLE OR HORDLEWELL. the quaint turrets of Hicu Cuirr (Dow. Marchioness of Water- ford). The eocene fossils are numerous here, and at Barton Cliff are found the “ Hordwell fossils.” The strata at Hordwell consist of ‘‘alternating beds of marl, sand, and clay, often of a greenish colour, with thin bands of indurated shell-marl, full of the usual fresh water species. These are succeeded (beyond Beacon Bunny*) by a fine white siliceous sand, forming a stratum from 60 to 100 feet thick. The London clay series next appears, and -extends through Barton and High Cliffs. The upper portion of the beds consists of sandy clay of a dark green colour, like that at the base of the cliffin Alum Bay, and abounds in marine shells ; beneath are layers of septaria”—(Mantell). The geologist investigating this portion of the southern coast will be rewarded with discoveries of bituminous wood and seed-vessels ; shells of the helix, unis, me- lanopsis, planorbis, and other lacustrine species ; lignite; remains of mammalia ; lizards, serpents, and birds.. Mr. Searles Wood discovered here the fossil remains of the Alligator Hantoniensis. Examination of these fossils and the strata wherein they are found has led to the conclusion that here an estuary was gra- dually silted up, and that in its passage eastward the debris was converted into a pure river-deposit. “ Leaving the regular beds of London clay, which dip gradually to the east, and are lost in the beach below Beacon Bunny and Long Mead End, we meet with a stratum of sand in which marine and fresh-water shells are intermixed, and one of clay containing leaves and seeds, with an extensive layer of lignite. Upon this is a bed whose organic contents display a still nearer approach to fresh water origin by the absence of the more decidedly. marine genera, as oliva, natica, etc., and the presence of cyrena, potomomya, etc., in great abun- dance. Next comes a layer of brown sand, containing rolled fragments of bones of palwotherium, trionyx, etc., which, from their appearance, may have been transported from a considerable distance. Over this rests a deposit of marl and white sand, the latter in the state of an impalpable powder. ‘The strata incline to the east, at an angle of about 5°. The direction of the stream was no doubt westerly, and the uniformly fine character of the sand, and the condition in which it was thrown down, would lead one to infer that the flow of the stream was extremely gentle.” * Bunny, a localism for a “ running water.” THE NEW FOREST. Tht Striking inland from Barton Cliff we reach; 1 mile north, the church of MILTON (Inn: The George), dedicated to St. Mary Magdalene, and thence, diverging eastward, return by way of Downton to Lymington. “MAIN ROUTE RESUMED—BROCKENHURST ‘0 RINGWOOD. The tourist must be pleased to consider himself again in a railway carriage, and at the BrockENHURST Station, whither he has travelled, we will suppose, on foot, through a beautiful and not unromantic district, and from whence he will, we hope, accompany us on our westward route. We have alvcady: and so fully, indicated the characteristics of the country through which we now are flying, that we need only pause to remind him that at 3 miles from Brockenhurst he passes, on his left, the Snr THoRNS, and shortly afterwards skirts, on his right, the WILVERLEY Inclosure. Next we gain (on our left) Honmstuy Lopez and its INCLOSURES, previously passing the small Station at HoLMsLEY (CHRISTCHURCH, 7 miles ‘south-west, may be reached hence by road through Hinton); proceed beyond BuRLEY Lopez and Buriey Bwacon, on our left; emerge from the forest shadows into a comparatively well-cultivated country, and duly arrive at RINGWOOD (population—of the parish, 3830 ; of the town, 2000), 105 miles from London, 11 miles from Brockenhurst, 15} miles from Poole, and 26 miles from Southampton. [Jnns: The Crown and White Hart.| . The town, seated upon the east bank of the Avon, which here separates into three branches, and meanders through a low but pleasant country into Christ- church Harbour, has no history, and boasts of no special attraction but its ale and its gloves. There is, however, both salmon and trout fishing to be had in the river, and a species of eel called snigs is also caught. RinewooD CHuRCH was Early English in style, but had suffered, like too many of the Hampshire churches, from ill-considered repairs and modernisations. It was rebuilt in 1854, and some few features of the old church were pre- served. The shafts of the arcade are of Purbeck marble 12 RINGWOOD CHURCH. There is a brass to J. Prophete, vicar, d. 1416, but nothing of importance to detain the tourist. The churchyard is agreeably planted with limes and yews. The vicarage is in the patronage of King’s College, Cambridge. At the Grammar School, founded by Richard Lynne, temp. Queen Elizabeth, was educated the antiquarian divine, Bishop Stillingfleet, whose peculiar hose, and attachment to literary tea- parties, originated, it is said, the term “ Blue Stocking.” George III. was at Ringwood in October 1805. RINGWOOD to CHRISTCHURCH. We shall now pursue to its opening upon the sea the delight- ful valley of the Avon, and if the tourist be, as he ought to be, a” brother of the angle, a disciple of Izaak Walton, he may spend some pleasant hours on the bank of that fishful stream, and readily provide himself with a dinner of fat eels and fresh trout. Salmon, perch, and pikes, and it is said lampreys, may also be caught here. The sketcher will find ample employment for his pencil, and the botanist numerous specimens for his flora. He. who saunters along with no special pursuit, but with “ a taste” for the picturesque, and a genuine love of the beautiful, will assu- redly admire the ramble to which we invite his attention, and the archeologist, in Christchurch itself, will be amply repaid for the nine miles’ labour which conducted him thither. All the way there are joyous glimpses of the river, which “ foams and flows, the charm of this enchanted ground,” now dimpling into darkly- gleaming pools, now swooping over an unexpected weir ; now playing with the pendant boughs of leafy trees, now tranquilly floating in the shadow of the water-lilies. After passing through the quiet little hamlet of Lowzr K1ne- STONE, we reach (/.) BisteRN Park (J. Mills, Esq.), and its wooded glades, and soon arrive at Avon, where the ford bears the name, and commemorates the escape of Sir Walter Tyrrel (see p- 98). The landscapes now increase in beauty-—a rich and luxuriant beauty—green oak-copses, broad fertile meadows, the meanders of a gleaming stream, and the slopes of verdurous hills. About 2 miles west lies HzRon Court (Earl of Malmesbury), for- RINGWOOD TO CHRISTCHURCH. 113 merly a residence of the priors of Christchurch, embosomed in vigorous foliage, and enlivened by the winding Stour. At 44 miles we reach SOPLEY (Inn: Woolpack), and here the traveller may pause at the church, which has been well restored, and is of much interest. Its situation is conspicuous, standing on a mound ; in plan it is cruciform, and dates from the 13th century. A graceful triple lancet-window in the north transept, two lancets, and a low side window in the chancel belong to this period. The pillars and arches of the nave are late 14th century work. The corbel heads supporting the arch of the north transept are said to represent Edward III. and Isabella ; while under the tower will be observed two effigies with fine Decorated canopies. The east window and several others, together with the large transept arches and the fine oak ceiling of the nave, are Perpen- dicular. The visitor will note two corbels with angels playing the double pipe and viol, and in the north transept a hagioscope. The prayer-desk contains part of the old screen, the position of which is indicated by the archway in the north nave wall. In the north transept, under its east window, are a few mementoes of the Virgin’s altar that stood there. The pulpit is Jacobean, and dated 1604. It bears the arms of the donor, Sir W. Abarrow. The reredos is an arcade of stone supported on Pur- beck columns from Ringwood CuHuRCH, with panels representing the Annunciation and angels. In the east window glass are the arms of the Berkeleys of Bisterne. The tower alone remains unrestored., Following the Christchurch road we reach, about half a mile south, the gardens of WinKron* (Representatives of the late Admiral Walcott), enriched with a noble cedar of Lebanon ; and across the river, rising swiftly from the heart of rich pastoral leas, St. CATHERINE’S HILL, whose summit is crowned with a small camp, about 165 feet square, protected by a double vallum, except southward, and entered by three gates. Six mounds for watch-towers adjoin the north-east rampart, and there are traces on the north of another entrench- ment. On the south-west side may just be discerned the foundations of a chapel, dedicated to St. Catherine, the patron- * From Weringe-ton, 7.¢., the town on the weirs, J 114 CHRISTCHURCH. saint of the hills and high places. Roman soldier and Christian priest must here have found their “ lines” to have fallen “ in pleasant places.” What a goodly view is commanded from this breezy height ! Look away to the north, over the masses of the New Forest, which alternate with light and shadow like a rolling sea ;—to the south, where beyond the fir-tops of Iford flash the waters of the Channel ;—away to the north-west, where the tall and shapely spire of Salisbury rises distinct and clear ;—to the east, across the meadows of the Avon, and the bright plains which lie between it and the Boldre ;—everywhere the landscape is one of light, and life, and poetic charm. As Southey, to whom this spot was familiar, has sung,— “ A little while, O traveller, linger here, And at thy leisure, aye behold and feel The beauties of the place; yon heathy hill That rises sudden from the vale of green ; The vale far-stretching as the view can reach Under its long dark ridge; the river here That, like a serpent, through the grassy meads Winds on, now hidden, glittering now in sight!” Recrossing the Avon, and regaining the Christchurch road, we pass (on our right) BurRTON GREEN, where Southey resided, with Charles Lloyd and Rickman, in the summer of 1791,— the hamlet of Staples Cross,—and, at 9 miles from Ringwood, and turning to the right, enter the main street (nearly 1 mile long) of— CHRISTCHURCH (population of town about 2000. Hotels: The King’s Arms, and The Ship). The town is principally situated on a tongue of land between the two rivers Avon and Stour, which here unite in the tidal estuary of Christchurch Bay. Its ancient name of Zweonea, Tweoxnea, or Twineham, alluded to its peninsular position. Its present name was derived from the splendid house for secular Augustinian canons founded here before the Conquest—by King Athelstane according to some authori- ties. The church was rebuilt by Bishop Flambard, and converted by Baldwin de Redvers, about 1150, into a regular Augustinian © priory, which, at the time of the Suppression, was worth £519 per annum. The last prior was John Draper, suffragan Bishop of Naples, “a very honest and comfortable person,” who wil- CHRISTCHURCH. 115 lingly surrendered his powers and privileges to Henry VIII. on promise of a fair pension. The site of the church, and the build- ing itself, were bestowed on the parish, the abbey lands were shared among various greedy expectants. The CHuRcH is a magnificent structure, strikingly situated, and deserves a close and careful examination. Its restoration, under the superintendence of Mr. Ferrey, though not quite com- plete, has been lovingly and liberally done, and has cleared away a mass of deformity and extraneous matter. Its graceful propor- tions now commend themselves in all their simplicity to our admiration. The Nort Porou, Early English, is entered by a deep recessed gateway, whose walls are 40 feet in length, and of great height. It may originally have served as the parochial school, and the upper storey as “a belfry” (7) On the west side is a cinque-foiled Benatura, the figure of the Saviour wanting. Passing under a six-fold arch we enter the NortH Aistn, Early English, and cross into the NAVE itself, now used as the parish church. Here upon a Norman basis has been raised an Early English clerestory, and the high-pitched roof was ceiled by Gar- bett in 1818. The Norman portion was erected by Bishop Flambard, of Durham, who, before his elevation to the see, was Prior of Christ Church. In the Sours AIsLE remark the Norman arcade, surmounted by Early English windows, and the memo- rial window to Benjamin Ferrey, Esq., placed there by his son, the architect. Here may be observed the remains of a staircase which led to the Dormitory ; the conventual buildings adjoining the Church on the south side. The tower at the west end of the nave is Perpendicular, and contains a beautiful but inappropriate memorial sculpture for Shelley the poet, by Weekes, A.R.A., erected at the expense of his son, Sir Percy Shelley, of Boscombe, in 1854. A female figure (Mrs. Shelley) is supporting the poet’s dead body, just cast ashore —we may presume—by the treacherous waves, and the bow of a boat is introduced to remind the spectator of the lamentable accident which so abruptly terminated Shelley’s career. On the pedestal or base of the monument is inscribed the following pas- sage from the poet’s Adonazs :— ‘“‘ He has out-soar’d the shadow of our Night ; Envy and calumny, and hate and pain, And that unrest which men miscall delight, Can touch him not and torture not again ; 116 CHRISTCHURCH—-THE CHURCH. From the contagion of the world’s slow stain He is secure, and now can never mourn A heart grown cold, a head grown grey in vain; Nor, when the spirit’s self has ceased to burn, With sparkless ashes load an unlamented urn.” The workmanship is admirable, “ but the design of the monu- ment is painfully suggestive of an Italian pietd (where the Virgin supports the body of the Saviour).” Y anky aaa 4 Z oN 3 =< Sd . r rley a a ~ (Hols Be as: ont) Hee Lrangrisk te | = x J. N j Maret Lo. 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SELSEA, BELL : ego 4h = § : pai i TZ\are | Scale of - = = ~~ s> — Ee - — ie ee soalexat Miles aes eel; T.Bartholamew, Bdin® oO 1 Z 3 1 5 6 7 8 ADVERVISEM EDES Arranged Alphabetically according to Locality. THORNTON & CO. PATENTEES AND MANUFACTURERS OF REGISTERED WATERPROOFS, For TOURISTS,= SPORTSMEN, LADIES. “The Celtic” Ventilating Waterproof. Registered, Cool and Comfortable to Wear, 25s. “The Waverley” Fishing Stockings. Thoroughly Tested and Warranted Watertight, 16s. “The Marie” Ladies’ Waterproof. Perfect in Shape, 25s. “The Pocket” Waterproof. For Tourists, Cyclists, Sportsmen, from 10s. “The Hold-all” in Waterproof Cloth and Canvas, from 17s. 6d. “The Edinburgh ’”’ Knapsack, in Check Waterproof, 12s. 6d. Specialties in Waterproof, Game, and Cartridge Bags, Gun Covers, Carriage and Dog-Cart Aprons. GOLD MEDAL, INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION, EDINBURGH, 1886, ~ For Excellence in Manufacture of Waterproof Fishing Outfits. GOLD MEDAL, INTERNATIONAL FISHERIES EXHIBITION, 1882, For Excellence in Manufacture of Waterproof Goods. EDINBURGH, 78 PRINCES STREET, (OPPOSITE THE MOUND). 4 ABERDEEN—ABERYSTWITH. ABERDEEN. THE FORSYTH HOTEL 90 TO 104 UNION STREET. First-Class, combined with Moderate Charges, M. & E. WALKER. DEESIDE HYDROPATHIC “ESTABLISHMENT, HEATHCOT, near ABERDEEN. HE Climate of Deeside is the healthiest in Scotland. Residents at this Establish- ment have the privilege of preserved Salmon and Trout Fishing in the River Dee, as it runs through the Estates of Heathcot and Ardoe. The Turkish and other Baths are constructed with all the latest improvements necessary for the practice of Hydropathy. Terms per week, £2, 10s.; for two having same Bedroom, £2 each. ea: particulars’ apply to Dr. Stewart, Medical Superintendent, Heathcot, near Aberdeen. ABERYSTWITH. QUEEN'S HOTEL. HIS Hotel is situated on the Marine Terrace, facing the sea, and con- tains several Private Sitting Rooms, Coffee Rooms, Ladies’ Drawing Room, Library, and all its Bedrooms are pleasantly situated. Table d’Hote at 6.30 o’clock during the Season. Arrangements made for Families. TARIFF ON APPLICATION. W. H. PALMER, Proprietor. ABERFELDY—ASHBURTON. 5 ABERFELDY. BREADALBANE ARMS HOTEL, One minute's walk from the Station. ITUATED at the entrance to the Glen and Falls of Moness, and Birks of Aberfeldy, this Hotel is the best centre from which to visit the most magnificent scenery in Scotland. Coaches run daily in connection with Loch Tay Steamers, Post Horses and Carriages of all descriptions. Salmon and Trout Fishing on a beautiful stretch of the Tay, and Trout Fishing on Loch-na-Craig, both with use of Boat Free. OMNIBUS AWAITS ALL TRAINS, Orders by Post or Telegraph punctually attended to. ALEXANDER NICOL, Lessee. ASHBURTON, DEVON. GOLDEN LION HOTEL. E. JNO. SAWDYE, Proprietor. ee Hotel, the principal one in the Town, is replete with every convenience for the comfort of Tourists and Travellers. It contains spacious Suites of Private Apartments, has an extensive Garden attached, and is in the immediate neighbourhood of the finest of the Dartmoor Tors, Haytor Rock, the Buckland and Holne Chase Drives, the upper reaches of the celebrated river Dart, and some of the most picturesque of the world-famed Devonshire Scenery. Post Horses and Carriages of every description. Excellent Trout and Salmon Fishing may be had in the neighbourhood on payment of a small fee. Particulars can be obtained on application to the Proprietor of the Hotel. 6 ABERFOYLE—-BALLATER—BANAVIE. ABERFOYLE. BAILIE NICOL JARVIE HOTEL. JAMES BLAIR, Proprietor. TOURISTS AND FAMILIES will find every comfort at this Hotel, which has recently been altered and enlarged. Itis situated at the Starting Point of the New Road for the Trossachs and Loch Katrine, and a short distance from Aberfoyle Station. In the neighbourhood are the Famous Trouting waters of Loch Ard and Loch Chon, on which Mr. Blair keeps boats for the use of Anglers and Pleasure Parties. Coaches are run daily during the season to and from the Trossachs and Loch Katrine and connect the steamer there with the trains at Aberfoyle. Post and Telegraph Offices within two minutes’ walk of the Hotel. POSTING IN ALL ITS BRANCHES. BALLATER, INVERCAULD ARMS HOTEL UNDER NEW MANAGEMENT In connection with the Invercauld Arms Hotel, Braemar. POSTING IN ALL ITS BRANCHES, COACH TO BRAEMAR DAILY ON AND AFTER 1st MAY, (By Special Appointment Posting Master to the Queen.) M ‘GREGOR. BANAVIE, N.B. LOCHIEL ARMS HOTEL. Western Terminus of Caledonian Canal Steamers. JOHN MENZIES, Proprietor. Largest, finest, and most conveniently situated Hotel on this Tourist Route. BEN Nevis.—The only Hotel whose windows possess a full view of the Mountain. FAMILIES BOARDED. POSTING. Telegraphic Address—MENZIES, BANAVIR. NV. B.—Passengers from South leave Steamer at Corpach only, where Mr. MacBrayne’s Omnibuses await the arrival of Passengers for Banavie, free of charge. BANGOR FERRY—BATH. 7 ~ BANGOR FERRY. THE GEORGE HOTEL. Fees high-classed and old-established Hotel and Posting House is beautifully situated on the banks of the Menai Straits, close to the Suspension and Tubular Bridges, and will be found the most central Hotel for visiting the various places of interest in North Wales. BILLIARDS. LAWN TENNIS. MODERATE CHARGES. Omnibus meets Trains at Bangor Station. Table d’Hote daily at 7 p.m., 4s. 6d. WM. DUDLEY DANCE, Manager. BATH. Peo tae FTO TEL. THE OnpEst HSTABLISHED and most CENTRAL for Families, Private and Commercial Gentlemen. NIGHT PORTER. JOHN RUBIE, Proprietor. BATH—-BELFAST—-BERWICK-——BETTWS-Y-COED. "YORK HOUSE, BATH. HIS first-class Hotel for Families and Gentlemen is most | centrally situated, close to the Post-Office, the Parks, Assembly Rooms, Mineral Water Baths, ete. Table d’héte at separate tables. Public Rooms; also Suites for Families. Tariff moderate. L. ASHCROFT, Proprietor. Also at St. Vincent’s Rocks Hotel, Clifton. BELFAST. THE IMPERIAL HOTEL. FIRST-CLASS. BEST SITUATION. Omnibuses meet all Trains and Steamers. Wz. J. J URY, Proprietor. - BERWICK. ON-TWEED. KING’S ARMS HOTEL AND POSTING HOUSE. FOR FAMILIES AND COMMERCIAL GENTLEMEN. The Hotel Omnibus meets the Trains from 8 a.m. to 9 p.m. JOHN CARR, Proprietor. BETTWS-Y-COED, NORTH WALES. WATERLOO HOTEL. Close to the Waterloo Bridge, and a few minutes’ walk From the Railway Station. LAWN TENNIS. BILLIARDS. FISHING. Posting. Excellent Stabling and Lock-up Coach-Houses. Ae Proprietor runs the Daily Return Coaches between Bettws-y-Coed, Llanberis, and Beddgelert. Seats can be secured at the Waterloo and Gwydyr Hotels, Bettws-y-Coed, the Padarn Villa and Dolbadarn Hotels, Llanberis, and the Royal Goat Hotel, Beddgelert. A WELL-APPOINTED OMNIBUS ATTENDS ALL TRAINS. TARIFF OF CHARGES ON APPLICATION TO L, B, McCULLOCH, Proprietor. BETTWS-Y-COED——BIDEFORD. 9 ———_ =a, CTS TTT [euiooan ie mul HUATTI LU H tli aa <4 “BETTWS-Y.COED. ROYAL OAK HOTEL. HIS Celebrated Hotel has an unrivalled situation, and is very suitable as a centre from which the most beautiful scenery in North Wales may be visited. It is near the Station, to which it has a private road. The coaches for Llanberis, Beddgelert, and Bangor start daily from the Hotel. AN OMNIBUS MEETS EVERY TRAIN. FISHING TICKETS FOR ALL THE NEIGHBOURING RIVERS. Billiards. ' ZLawn Tennis. POSTING. FIRST-CLASS STABLING. KE. PULLAN, Proprietor. BIDEFORD, NORTH DEVON. TANTONS HOTEL. HIS old-established and comfortable Hotel has recently been enlarged, consisting of Bedrooms, Bath Room, Lavatories, and a splendid Billiard Room. It is situated near and commanding Magnificent Views of the River Torridge and surrounding scenery. Families will find this the best and most convenient Hotel for breaking their journey to and from Clovelly, Westward Ho! and other places of interest. Private Suites of Apartments. Coffee, Commercial, and Billiard Room. Posting and Livery Stables. Omnibus to all Trains. W. GIDDIE, Proprietor, 10 BL AIR-ATHOLE, TT ECT i ASTI TTT = {= a Fy —S—= BLAIR-ATHOLE ATHOLE ARMS HOTEL. Adjoining the Railway Station. N&X. one of the largest and best appointed Hotels in the Highlands, THE SITUATION is unequalled as a centre from which to visit the finest Scenery of the PERTHSHIRE HIGHLANDS, comprising KILLIECRANKIE ; Locus TuMMEL and RANNOCH; GLEN TILT; BRAEMAR; the FALLS oF Bruar, GARRY, TUMMEL, and FENDER ; — DuNKELD ; TayMoutH CastLE and Locu Tay; the Grounps of BLAIR CASTLE, etc. This is also the most convenient resting-place for breaking the long railway journey to and from the North of Scotland. TaBLE D’ Hore daily during the season in the well-known magni- ficent Dintna Hatt, with which is connected en suite a spacious and elegantly furnished DRawine Room. Special terms for Board by the week, except during August. Tariff on Application. THE PosTING DEPARTMENT is thoroughly well equipped. Experienced Guides and Ponies for Glen Tilt, Braemar, and Mountain Excursions. Telegraphic Address—HorTEeL, BLAIRATHOLE. D. & P. T. MACDONALD, Proprietors. BLAIRGOWRIE—BOURNEMOUTH. 11 BLAIRGOWRIE. QUEEN’S co@esG> HOTEL. Established Half a Century. [THE above long-established and first-class Hore. has recently been much enlarged and improved, so that Families, Tourists, and Commercial Gentlemen will find in it every comfort and attention. Blairgowrie is on the shortest and most direct route to Braemar and Balmoral, the drive to which is very grand, passing Craighall (General _ Clerk-Rattray), one of the most picturesquely-situated mansions in Scotland. Post Horses and Carriages of every description, with careful Drivers. ; Charges strictly Moderate. Coaches to Braemar early in July. Passengers booked at the Hotel. An Omnibus waits all Trains. D. M‘DONALD, PROPRIETOR. Orders by Post or Telegram for Rooms, Carriages, or Coach seats, carefully attended to. BOURNEMOUTH. “ADEN COURT,” DURLEY GARDENS. AMILY Boarding House. Attention to general comfort. Superior Beds, Lovely views, close to sea and pine woods. Near Bathing beach and West Railway Station. Inclusive terms from Two Guineas per week. There are a few private Suites. Address—PROPRIETOR. BOURNEMOUTH. NEWLYN’S ROYAL EXETER HOTEL. Patronised by the Royal Families of Europe. HIS Old-Established Hotel, which is of world-wide reputation, has been Extensively Enlarged and Refurnished, and is now undoubtedly one of the Finest in the South of England. Its Position, Accommodation, Appointments, and Cwisine are unrivalled. Proprietor, HENRY NEWLYN, Many years Manager of Guards’ and other noted London Clubs. ** Remarkably quiet and select,” etc., ete.—Cowrt Jowrnal, 22d June 1878, BOURNEMOUTH. LANSDOWNE HOTEL. For Families and Gentlemen. EAUTIFULLY situated on East Cliff, close to celebrated Pines, Sea, ; and principal Railway Station. Home comforts. Excellent Cuisine. Choice Wines. Zerms Moderate.—Billiards. Posting. N.B.—A Char-a-banc for the New Forest, etc., starts from the Hotel daily during the season. J. W. COLLINS, Proprietor. +2 BOURNEMOUTH——BOWNESS. BOURNEMOUTH. HYDROPATHIC ESTABLISHMENT. Proprietor, JAMES OSBORNE, M.D. PLENDID SEA VIEWS. Sixty Bedrooms. Billiards. Also Lift. House Heated throughout. Apply Dr. OSBORNE. BOURNEMOUTH. Patronised by His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales. ROYAL BATH HOTEL. ‘(A really splendid and unique Hotel, thoroughly homely and com- fortable, with the luxuries of a Private Mansion. * * The ONLY HOTEL on the EAST CLIFF. The CLIFF par excellence.”—Court. Jowrnal, 16th August 1879. _Established 1835. Rooms Reserved on receipt of Letter or Telegram. BOURNEMOUTH. GLENFINNAN. IRST-CLASS Boarding-House, Priory Hill, Bournemouth. Command- ing position upon the High Cliff, with due south aspect. Unrivalled Sea Views. Near the Pier, Churches, Pleasure Grounds, &c. Elegantly furnished throughout. Noble reception rooms. Billiard Room, &c. Excellent Cuisine. Zerms Moderate. Boarding by the Day. Address—TuHrt PROPRIETOR. BOWNESS, WINDERMERE. CROWN HOTEL, Patronised by Royalty and American Presidents. ITUATE in extensive grounds, imme- diately overlooking the Lake. Families - boarded by the week or month. Coaching < and Posting toall parts daily. Omnibuses and Servants attend arrival of all Trains and Steamers. Tennis Court. Billiards. Hot and Cold Baths. Table d’Héte daily. Charges Moderate. ~W. GARNETT, Proprietor. BRAEMAR (see @ Iso p. 14)—BRay. BRAEMAR THE INVERCAULD ARMS,. The finest Hotel situation in Scotland. Recently re-erected after Plans by J. T, WimpPERIs, Esq., Sackville St., London, MAGNIFICENT DINING HALL, ELEGANT LADIES’ DRAWING ROOM, AND NUMEROUS SUITES OF APARTMENTS. POSTING IN ALL ITS BRANCHES. BY SPECIAL APPOINTMENT POSTING-MASTER TO THE QUEEN, Coaches during the Season to Blairgowrie, Dunkeld, and Ballater. Excellent Salmon Fishing in connection with the Hotel. Letters and Telegrams Punctually attended to. A. M‘GREGOR. (IRELAND) INTERNATIONAL HOTEL, BRAY, County Wicklow. Nissi FIRST-CLASS HOTEL is situated near the Railway Station, Sea- beach, and Esplanade, central to all the far-famed Scenery of the County of Wicklow. Visitors to this fashionable place will find Tor INTERNATIONAL HOTEL replete with every comfort, and the Cwisine and Wines of the best quality. All Charges are fixed and moderate. Boarding Terms per week may be had on application to the MANAGER. C. DUFRESNE, Proprietor. 14 BRAEMAR—BRECHIN—BRIDGE OF ALLAN. BRAEMAR, BY BALMORAL. Patronised by the Royal Family and the Court. Coaches during the Season between Braemar and Ballater, and Braemar, Blairgowrie, and Dunkeld. Posting in all tts Branches. Lawn Tennas. PARTIES BOARDED BY THE WEEK UNTIL 1st AUGUST. Mrs. M‘Nap has leased from the Earl of Fife, K.T., seven miles of his Lordship’s Private Salmon Fishings, which gentlemen staying at the Hotel can have. BRECHIN, FORFARSHIRE. COMMERCIAL HOTEL. Oldest Established First-Class Fanuly and Commercial Hotel. LARGE POSTING ESTABLISHMENT. "BUS AT ALL THE TRAINS. HOT AND COLD BATHS. ALEXANDER PIRIE. BRIDGE OF ALLAN. PHILP’S ROYAL HOTEL. ENOVATED and refurnished. Excellent accommodation and beautifully laid out grounds. Charges moderate. Most convenient to break the journey for the Trossachs, Oban, and other parts of the Highlands. An extensive Posting Establishment. Hotel ’Bus attends all Trains, R. PHILP, Proprietor. Pee ee Le ee ee ee eee “= BRIDGE OF ALLAN—BRISTOL. Ss BRIDGE OF ALLAN HYDROPATHIC ESTABLISHMENT, NEAR STIRLING. EAUTIFULLY situated and sheltered by the Ochils, on a dry and porous soil. The House is replete with every comfort and convenience. Elegant Suite of Baths, including Turkish, Russian, Vapour, Spray, &c., all on the most approved principles. Terms, £2:12:6 per week. Applications to be addressed to Ma. M‘KAY, House Superintendent. BRIDGE OF ALLAN. CARMICHAEL’S HOTEL. TEMPERANCE. Within easy access of Callander, the Trossachs, and Lochlomond. Terms, including all charges, 45s. per week. POSTING IN ALL ITS BRANCHES. Horet ’Bus ATTENDS ALL TRAINS. CLIFTON, BRISTOL. THE ST. VINCENT’S ROCKS, Stands in the very finest position in Clifton, close to Suspension Bridge, and is one of the most economical FIRST-CLASS HOTELS IN ENGLAND. Also at YORK HOUSE HOTEL, BATH. L. ASHCROFT, Proprietor. 16 BUXTON——CALLANDER—CARDIFB. THE BUXTON HYDROPATHIC ESTABLISHMENT AND WINTER RESIDENCE (MIALVERN HOUSE) DERBYSHIRE. Overlooking the Pavilion and Public Gardens. Central and sheltered situation, close to the celebrated Mineral Baths. The Establishment is heated throughout by Hot Water, and in every way made comfortable for Invalids and Visitors. PosTAL AND TELEGRAPHIC ADDRESS—‘‘ HypRro, Buxton.” TABLE D’HOTE AT 6 O’CLOCK. FOR THERMS, HTC., APPLY TO THE PROPRIETOR. CALLANDER. CALEDONIAN TEMPERANCE HOTEL. BIGGS begs to announce to his Patrons and the General Travelling e Community that he has taken a Lease of that Elegant House lately known as Willoughby Terrace as a First-Class Temperance Hotel. Every modern comfort and convenience, at moderate charges. Hot and Cold Baths. Two minutes’ walk from Station. Trossachs Coaches pass door daily. W. A. BIGGS, Lessee. CARDIFF. THE ANGEL HOTEL. luis beautifully-situated first-class House is built on the site of the old Cardiff Arms Hotel and Gardens,—Cardiff Castle, the residence of the Marquis of Bute, being on the north side, the Park and Gardens on the south, and commanding uninterrupted views from nearly all the rooms. The Hotel has been fitted up and furnished with all that experience can devise to ensure the comfort of Visitors ; it is within seven minutes’ ‘eg: hes all the Railway Stations, and Tram Cars pass every few minutes to all parts of the Town. Magnificent Coffee Room and elegant Suites of Rooms. BLAND & SAVOURS, Proprietors. CHEPSTOW——CHESTER——CHRISTCHURCH—CLIFTON, 17 CHEPSTOW, BEAUFORT ARMS HOTEL. AX Old-Established First-class Family Hotel, within two minutes’ walk of the Railway Station, Castle, and River Wye. - Ladies’ Coffee Room 60 feet by 30. Gentlemen’s Coffee and Billiard ooms, Omnibuses and Carriages meet all trains, The BEAUFORT ARMS HOTEL, Tintern Abbey, conducted by the same Proprietress. Night Porter. EK. GARRETT. CHESTER. THE GROSVENOR HOTEL. IRST-CLASS. Situated in the centre of the City, close to the CATHEDRAL and other objects of interest. Large Coffee and Reading Rooms ; also Ladies’ Drawing Room for the convenience of Ladies and Families. Open and close Carriages, and Posting in all its Branches. Omnibuses attend the Trains for the use of Visitors to the Hotel. Tariff to be had on application. A Night Porter in attendance. DAVID FOSTER, Manager. CHRISTCHURCH. CHRISTCHURCH HOTEL, NEWLYN’S. FAMILY. HOTEL. “Charming Views from the Balcony of the Hotel.” Opposite the old Priory Church and Ruins. Omnibuses to and from the Station, Excellent Boating in the Harbour. GOOD FISHING FOR VISITORS FREE STAYING AT THE HOTEL. CLIFTON. CLIFTON-DOWN HOTEL, Facing the Suspenston Bridge. HE popularity of this Hotel has compelled the Proprietors to extend the accommo- dation by the addition of several Bedrooms, Ladies’ Drawing Rooms, a Suite of Apartments for Wedding Breakfasts, Ball Suppers, &c. &c. Visitors will find all the comforts of home, with fixed and moderate charges. The situation of the Hotel is unrivalled, being on the Downs, and within ten minutes’ walk of the new Clifton-Down Railway Station. N.B.—From this Hotel the following Trips are easy, returning to the Hotel the same day: Chepstow Castle, the Wynd Cliff, Tintern Abbey, Wells Cathedral, Glastonbury Tor, Bath, Weston-super-Mare, Clevedon, Portishead, Cardiff, Newport, and Channel Docks. HARRY F, BARTON, Manager. Clifton Hotel Company (Limited). B 18 CONISHEAD, ENGLISH LAKE DISTRICT. 7 Oe ae CONISHEAD PRIORY Hydropathic Mansion, by Ulverston, Furness. LADIES’ & GENTLEMEN’S TURKISH, SEA, & LAKE WATER BATHS. Summer Terms, from Ist April to 30th September, from £2:12:6 per Week. | Winter Terms, from 30th September to 1st_April, from £2:9s. per Week. Special Terms for Long Residence. UNDER NEW MANAGEMENT. Address—THE MANAGER. [HE Magnificent and Historical Mansion of Conishead Priory, built at a cost of over £140,000, standing on its own beautifully-wooded grounds, on the western shore of Morecambe Bay, is, on high medical authority, stated to be one of the best Hydro- pathics in the kingdom, both for Summer and Winter residence. Excursions can be made from the Priory, either by coach or rail, to any part of the English Lake District, returning in the course of the day; and special arrangements have been made for excursion parties on extremely moderate terms. The Directors have also liberally provided for amusements. ‘‘One of the finest of old English mansions.”—Scotsman. ‘* Justly described as the Paradise of Furness.”—Black’s Guide. ‘The furnishings and appointments throughout are of the best.”— Bradford Observer. ‘‘The architectural character of Conishead Priory gives this establishment a more magnificent building than usual, indeed no place of the kind at all approaches it in this respect.”—Newcastle Chronicle. ‘‘ Here the hawthorn scents the air; there a gigantic rhododendron lavishes all its beauties ; sycamores and oaks, and firs abound.”—Christian World. Daily Excursions to the Lakes at specially reduced rates. The PRIORY OMNIBUS waits the arrival of every Train at Ulverston. Passengers for the Priory by the London and North-Western Railway change Carriages - Raa: Junction. Passengers by the Midland Railway may require to change at Hellifield. COLWYN BAY——OCORK. 19 COLWYN BAY, NORTH WALES. POLLYGCROCHAN HOTEL (Late the Residence of Lady Erskine). HIS First-class Family Hotel is most beautifully situated in its own finely-wooded park in Colwyn Bay, com- manding splendid land and sea views; there are delightful walks in the adjacent woods. It is within a few minutes’ walk of the Beach and ten minutes’ of Colwyn Bay Station, and a short drive of Conway and Llandudno. Sea-Bathing, Tennis, Billiards, Posting. J. PORTER, Proprietor. The Proprietor begs to announce that to meet an increased demand he has added a handsome and commodious wing, containing Sitting and Bed Rooms. CORK. STEPHENS’S COMMERCIAL HOTEL (Opposite the General Post Office, Cork) POSSESSES first-class accommodation for Tourists, Commer- cial Gentlemen, and Families. It is very centrally situated—close to the Banks and Theatre. Charges extremely Moderate. MRS. STEPHENS, Proprietruss, From the West of England. Exrract from a ‘‘ Tour through Ireland,” published in the North Briton, 1864 :— ‘© When we arrived in Cork we took up our quarters at Stephens’s Com. mercial Hotel, where we obtained excellent accommodation.” Extract from the Glasgow Chiel, 27th December 1884. ‘* When you go to Cork, stop at Stephens’s capital Hotel—everything done well.” 20 cONWAY—CRIEFF —(DALMALLY, sce p. 54)—-DERBY—DUBLIN. CONWAY. THE CASTLE HOTEL. [eases Beautifully situated in the Vale of Conway, and very central for Tourists in North Wales. MISS DUTTON, Proprietress. CRIEFF. THE DRUMMOND ARMS HOTEL. IRST-CLASS. Renovated and Refurnished. Under new management. Families boarded by Week or Month. Large Posting Establishment. The Hotel Omnibus meets every Train, W. C. S. SCOTT, Proprietor. DERBY. THE ST. JAMES’S HOTEL, N the centre of the Town, facing the Post Office and Corn Market, is new, with every convenience for Families and Commercial Gentlemen. A Large Hall for Meetings, Wedding Breakfasts, Concerts, &c. Hot and Cold Baths. Stock Rooms. THE STABLING IS PERFECT AND EXTENSIVE. J. WAGSTAFF, Proprietor. JURY'S HOTEL, COLLEGE GREEN Superior Accommodation. Tariff extremely Moderate. Table d’Hote at 3 and 6.30 p.m. daily. LADIES GOFFEE, DINING, AND DRAWING ROOMS, HENRY J. JURY, Proprietor. DUBLIN. 21 DUBLIN. SHELBOURNE HOTEL, ST. STEPHEN’S GREEN. Pe in the most central and fashionable part of Dublin, and is the great Tourist Hotel of Ireland. Contains magnificent Public Rooms, Elevator, Telegraph Office, &c. &c. First-Class. . Charges Moderate. JURY & COTTON, Proprietors. DUBLIN. THE WICKLOW HOTEL (FAMILY AND COMMERCIAD), 6,7, & 8 WICKLOW STREET, Off Grafton Street, Dublin. f es very centre of the City. Quiet, clean, comfortable, and homely. Most moderate charges. RICHARD O’BRIEN, Proprietor. DUBLIN. THE GRESHAM HOTEL, UPPER SACKVILLE STREET. 120 Bedrooms, Suites of Apartments for Families, Ladtes’ Coffee-Room and Drawing-Room. Reading, Smoking, and Billiard Rooms. Tariff fixed and moderate. PROPRIETORS—THE GRESHAM HOTEL CO., LIMITED. DUBLIN. MAPLE’S HOTEL, 25 To 28 KILDARE STREET. HIS First-Class Establishment is built on one of the finest sites in the City, with southern aspect. Itis situated between the College Park and St. Stephen’s Green, and is replete with every comfort, contains upwards of 100 Bedrooms, numerous suites of Private Apartments, and the usual Public accommodation. It is acknowledged to be one of the most comfort- able Hotels in the Kingdom. Terms Moderate. First-Class Livery Stables attached to the Premises. FREDRICK MAPLE, Proprietor. 22 DUBLIN—DULVERTON. DUBLIN. MORRISSON’S HOTEL, DAWSON STREET AND NASSAU STREET, 4 ee Frirst-Ciass Horen contains 100 handsome Apartments, . newly decorated. Central position, overlooking College Park. Table d’Héte at separate tables. Charges moderate. Bedrooms from 2s. 6d. Telephone 381. W. H. LUMLEY, Proprietor. DUBLIN. FRANKLIN'S HOTEL, 11 COLLEGE GREEN. MOST CENTRAL, Very Moderate Charges, Extreme Cleanliness and Comfort. RESTAURANT ADJOINING. Dinners from 1 o’clock to 7 o’clock p.m. NIGHT PORTER: E. FRANKLIN, Proprietor. DUBLIN. PRINCE OF WALES HOTEL, LOWER SACKVILLE STREET. (Next the General Post Office. ) Central. Convenient. Moderate Charges. JURY BROTHERS, Proprietors. DULVERTON. CARNARVON ARMS FAMILY HOTEL. (QUITE IN THE COUNTRY.) hee. Miles private Trout-Fishing near Hotel, property of the Right ~ Honourable EArL OF CARNARVON (rivers Exe and Barle), free to Anglers staying {here. Fine bracing air amidst charming and varied scenery. The Devon and Somerset Stag-Hounds hunt this country. Hunters. Post-Horses. Tennis. Billiards. Close to Railway Junction Station. A. NELDER & SON, ‘ W ’ DUNBLANE—DUNDEE—DUNKELD. 23 DUNBLANE, STIRLING ARMS HOTEL. EAUTIFULLY SITUATED on the River Allan, near to the Cathedral. One minute’s walk from Station, Charges Strictly Moderate. MRS. MARSHALL, Proprietress. DUNDEE. QUEEN’S HOTEL, 160 NETHERGATE. [MAGNIFICENT Views of the River and Tay Bridge. Hand- some Billiard, Smoking, and Stock Rooms. A ’Bus from the Hotel awaits the arrival of all Trains. Stabling. MATHERS’ TEMPERANCH HOTEL, WHITEHALL STREET, DUNDEE. PLAIN BREAKFAST OR TEA, l1s., wiTH MEAT, 2s. BEDROOM FOR ONE, INCLUDING ALL ATTENDANCE, 2s. 6D. DUNKELD. Establishment are now completed ; and, having been redecorated and refurnished in an elegant style, it will be found equal to any in the North of Scotland. A Large and Elegant Dining Saloon, with Ladies’ Drawing-Room (en suite), Private Suites of Apartments, and Spacious Billiard and Smoking Saloon. The only CoacH for BRAEMAR and BALMORAL, via BLAIRGOWRIE, starts from the Hotel, where seats for the above can only be secured. Telegrams {for Apartments, Coach Seats, or Carriages punctually attendedjto. Omnibuses from the Hotel attend the different Trains. 24 DUNKELD——-DUNOON——EDINBURGH. DUNKELD. THE DUKE OF ATHOLE’S ARMS HOTEL. D. ROBERTSON, Proprietor (late GRANT'S). [HIS Hotel, from its situation close to the beautiful Bridge of Dunkeld (and also close to the gates of the Cathedral), commands an unrivalled view of the mag- nificent scenery on either side of the river Tay. The Apartments, both Public and Private, are elegantly furnished and well aired. Her Majesty the Queen, in her Journal of her Life in the Highlands, has been graciously pleased to take notice of this Hotel as being very clean, and having such a charming view from the windows. The Empress of the French, with her Son the Prince Imperial, also visited this Hotel, and was pleased to express her entire approval of all the arrangements. Every ATTENTION IS PAID TO THE COMFORT OF VISITORS. Job and Post Horses, with Careful Drivers. An Omnibus awaits the arrival and departure of all the Trains. Seats can be secured at this Hotel for the Braemar Coach. DUNOON. ARGYLL HOTEL. J he only First-Class Hotel in.Dunoon, close to the Pier, commanding a magnificent view of the Firth of Clyde. Visitors staying at this Hotel will have the opportunity of visiting all the following places of interest and returning to Hotel same day, viz. Ayr, Arran, Kyles of Bute, per Steamer ‘Columba’; Inveraray, Loch Fyne, etc., per ‘Lord of the Isles’; Loch Lomond, Loch Katrine, Trossachs, Gairloch, ete. Coaches leave the Hotel daily for Loch Eck, which is the favourite new route for Inveraray and Oban. Table @hote daily at 6.30 p.m. Special reduced rates for parties staying a week or longer. This Hotel is now under New Management, and particular attention will be paid to the comfort of Visitors. Splendid Sea Fishing. Boots waits arrival of all Steamers. A. M. PHILLIPS, Lessee. eo b er KERPEN, PRop, was A FACING THE CASTLE AND PRINCES STREET GARDENS. 9 Q This Hotel is noted for 5 minutes’ its home walk from comforts and “ either Heanerete Station. charges. EDINBURGH, 104, 106 PRINCES STREET. : —EE— EDINBURGH. 25 AND PRINCES STREET GARDENS (One of the finest Hotels in Hurope.) ROYAL HOTEL DONALD MACGREGOR, PRopRIEeTor, 53 PRINCES STREET, EDINBURGH. The Royal Hotel is within a hundred yards of Railway Terminus, and occupies the finest position in the City. PLACES OF INTEREST SEEN FROM HOTEL :—Arthur’s Seat, over 800 feet high. . Assembly Hall. Calton Hill. Edinburgh Castle. East and West Princes Street Gardens. Free Church College and Assembly Hall. Royal Observatory. Sir Walter Scott’s Monument. Salisbury Crags. St, Giles’s Cathedral. Parliament House. The Royal Institution. The Royal Scottish Academy and National Gallery. The Antiquarian Museum. From tower of Hotel are seen the Firth of Forth, Bass Rock, the Lomond, Corstorphine, and Pentland Hills, and a part of four or five of the neighbouring counties. Charges Moderate. Rooms from 2s.6d. Passenger Elevator. Night Porters. CAUTION.—Visitors intending to put up at the Royal must be careful to see that they are taken there, as mistakes have occurred causing great disap- pointment. 26 EDINBURGH. CRANSTON’S WAVERLEY TEMPERANCE HOTELS. THE OLD WAVERLEY, 42, 43, 44, 45, & 46 PRINCES STREET, EDINBURGH. Ress CRANSTON begs to return his sincere thanks to his Patrons and the Public for their favours during the last forty years, and has to intimate that the above Hotel has been entirely rebuilt, and is now second to none in the City. The whole of the internal arrangements have been remodelled, the accommodation greatly increased, including a most spacious Dining Room and a Ladies’ Drawing Room, and the entire building fitted up in the latest and most approved manner, with a view to the comfort and convenience of his Patrons. It will, when completed, be the largest Temperance Hotel in the Kingdom. Notwithstanding the great expense attending the reconstruction, the charges will remain as formerly. THE NEW WAVERLEY, WATERLOO PLACE, EDINBURGH, Has been enlarged and improved, and to meet the great demand a number of commodi- ous well-lighted Stock Rooms were added last year, affording special facilities to Commercial Gentlemen. Also, the new Waverley Hall, seated for upwards of 700 persons, is well ventilated, and admirably adapted for all descriptions of meetings. THE LONDON WAVERLEY, KING STREET, CHEAPSIDE (Established upwards of 35 years), Has recently been more than doubled in size by the addition of an entire division of Trump Street, which has afforded greatly increased accommodation; and from its unrivalled position in the commercial centre of the city, it offers exceptional advantages to persons visiting London, either on business or on pleasure. The Guildhall, Corpora- tion Offices, and the various Law Courts are in King Street, adjoining the Hotel, and Omnibuses pass the door every minute for every district and Railway Station in London. THE GLASGOW WAVERLEY, In BucHAaNAN STREET, is now closed, the site having been acquired by the Glasgow District Underground Railway. The name and business have been transferred to the WASHINGTON HOTEL, No. 172 SaucHiEHALL STREET, one of the finest streets and busiest thoroughfares in the city, and in close proximity to the Railway Stations and to the Steamboat Piers. Principal Theatres in immediate neighbourhood, and Tramway and *Bus communication to all parts of the city. The BUSINESS will be carried on there under the management of my Daughter, M. R. CRANSTON, on the same principles and at the same rates as the other Waverleys. Uniform Charges at all the Waverleys, viz.— Breakfast or Tea... a Rem T ee | is ES Be Public Dinner. : ; ; 3 : . : A ae Bedroom . : 2 : i ; é : : -. Is. 6d. Private Parlours . : , : , ; / : sey: 4} Service / ls. Stock Rooms, from 2s. 6d. per day, according to Size, Recommended by Bradshaw’s Tourists’ Guide as ‘‘the cheapest and best Temper- ance Hotel they had ever seen,” and by J. B. Gough as ‘‘the only Homes he had found - since leaving his own in America.” q i Pee ee ee ee ee 7 —_ a oe a, —S EDINBURGH. 27 EDINBURGH. THE COCKBURN HOTEL Adjowing the Station and overlooking the Gardens. NO INTOXICATING LIQUORS. — JOHN MACPHERSON, Proprietor. ROXBURGHE HOTEL, CHARLOTTE SQUARE, EDINBURGH. FIRST-CLASS FAMILY HOTEL, In Connection with the above is CHRISTIE'S PRIVATE HOTEL. Apartments en suite, and Board on Moderate Terms, J. CHRISTIE, Proprietor. 28 EDINBURGH. EDINBURGH. DARLING'S REGENT HOTEL, 20 WATERLOO PLACE. (PRINCES STREET.) Nearly opposite the General Post Office, and only a few minutes’ walk from General Railway Terminus. This is admitted to i be one of the best Temper- ance Hotels in Scotland. Special Terms for Board during the Winter Months. EDINBURGH. WINDSOR HOTEL, 100 PRINCES STREET. (Opposite the Castle.) A. M, THIEM, PROPRIETOR. His old-established Hotel, one of the finest in Edinburgh, entirely rebuilt and refurnished in the most elegant manner, offers superior accommodation and com- fort. The Proprietor is especially cognisant of the needs of the Nobility and Gentry, and spares no pains to render their sojourn with him agreeable. BEDFORD HOTEL, 83° PRINCES STREET, EDIN Dieheae Under the personal superintendence of Mme. Dejay (late of Dejay’s Hotel). Unsurpassed for comfort, economy, and quietness, Most moderate Terms. Cuisine a la francaise. Coffee Room and Ladies’ Drawing Room. This Hotel is situated in the best part of Princes Street, and commands a good view of the Castle. On parle francais. ! ss ee " — ae. ie, tn ee as EDINBURGB. 29 EDINBURGH. CALEDONIAN HOTEL, 115, 116, & 117 PRINCES STREET, anp 1, 3, & 5 CASTLE STREET. Established 6O Years. (Exactly opposite the Castle.) R. B. Moorsr. LATE J. BURNETT. THE ALBERT HOTEL AND RESTAURANT, 23 AND 25 HANOVER STREET, EDINBURGH. HIS Central Hotel affords first-class accommodation to Tourists and others visiting the City. Every home comfort. BILLIARD AND SMOKE ROOMS. Terms Strictly Moderate. Tariff on Application. D. ROBERTSON, Proprietor. THE LONDON HOTEL, ST, ANDREW SQUARE, EDINBURGH. Patronised by Royalty. Visitors will find the Hotel very convenient and comfortable. The spacious Square in front is a great attraction. WINES AND CUISINE EXCELLENT. See Land and Water of 19th December 1885, CHARGES MODERATE. J. J. MEPHIUS, Proprietor. EDINBURGH. THE TREVELYAN TEMPERANCE HOTEL, 2 & 3 CALTON STREET. For Cleanliness, Home Comforts, and Moderate Charges, unsurpassed. D, MACKENZIE, Proprietor, 30 EDINBURGH. EDINBURGH CAFE COMPANY, 70 PRINCES STREET, EDINBURGH. High-Class Restaurant for Ladies and Gentlemen. BREAKFASTS, LUNCHEONS, DINNERS, TEA, COFFEE, FANCY PASTRY, CAKES, &c. ELEGANT SALOON FOR LADIES.—CLOAK-ROOMS, &c. WEDDING BREAKFASTS, BALL SUPPERS, DINNERS, AND COLD COLLATIONS CONTRACTED FOR. EDINBURGH. CRAIGLOCKHART HYDROPATHIC. MAGNIFICENT ESTABLISHMENT in Western Suburbs of City, having ACCOMMODATION FOR 200 VISITORS. Fine Bracing Air off Pentland Hills. BATHS. SWIMMING POND. “BOWLING. LAWN TENNIS. CONCERTS. DANCES. DRIVES. Easy of Access by Bus, Tram, or Rail. The Best Residence for Visitors to Edinburgh. Good centre from which to visit Glasgow, Stirling, Callander, The Trossachs, Loch Lomond, Crieff, Roslin, Dalkeith Palace, Dalmeny, and Forth Bridge, &e. TERMS: From 8s. 6d. per Day; or from £2: 12 ; 6 per Week ; upper Rooms from £2: 2s. per week. GOOD TABLE. HOME COMFORTS. Appress—THE MANAGER. FERGUSON’S EDINBURGH. ROCK. The Best Present from Kdinburgh. MANUFACTURED ONLY AND DAILY BY ALEX. FERGUSON, CONFECTIONER TO THE QUEEN & H.R.H. THE DUKE OF EDINBURGH, 1 MELBOURNE PLACE, EDINBURGH. (Near the Castle.) EDINBURGH, 31 PRIZE pee 8, LONDON, PAR IS, 1862. 1878. at 1867. 1878. EDINBURGH : ea gj «OLD & SILVER 1886. 0 i MEDALS, th b@ arshall 624 ut Sr ve SCOTTISH Ate el LEWELLERYS : » ae) 1 3 rau a = sae - Pirin GES HTREE a QU “EDINBURGH | ‘Mr. Marshall’s productions are not surpassed in interest and beauty by those of Castellani himself.”—Correspondent of the Scotsman on the International Exhibition. ROBERT MDOWELL & SONS’ UNIRIVALLED Biscuits, Shortbread, and Cakes. Entire Wheaten. Chester. Cracknel. Small Abernethy. Albert. Milk. Small Captains. Plain Wine. &e., &e. SCOTCH CAKES. Sultana. Seed. Madeira. Plum. Alexandra. Rose. Cocoanut. Orange. Tivoli. Rice. Caraway. Tennis. Genoa. Lemon. Chocolate. Raspberry. SCOTCH BUN (Christmas). SHORTBREAD AND PITCAITHLY BANNOCKS. SCOTCH OATCAKES, 60 George Street, 19 Frederick Street, & 1 Wemyss Place, Edinburgh. 52 ELGIN——EXETER. ELGIN, STATION HOTEL. ae first-class Family and Commercial Hotel occupies one of the best sites in the town, close to the Railway Stations, about five minutes’ walk from the Cathedral, and within easy drive of the beautiful and romantic Pluscarden Abbey and other places of interest in the neighbourhood. The Bedroom accommodation is first-class, Large Coffee Room, Drawing Room, Private Sitting Rooms, &c, &. Also Billiard, Smoking, and Hot and Cold Bath S. bi Hiring. Table d’Hote daily. WILLIAM CHRISTIE, Lessee. Also of the Station Hotel, Lossiemouth. HXETER, ROUGEMONT HOTEL. Devon and Exeter Hotel Co., Limited. For FAMILIES AND GENTLEMEN. THE LARGEST AND ONLY MODERN. HOTEL IN THE CITY. Omnibus and Hotel Porters meet all Trains, NIGHT. PORTER. TABLE D'HOTE, 7 O'CLOCK. T. W. HUSSEY, Manaaemr, EXETER—FORRES, 30 EXETER. ROYAL CLARENCE HOTEL, CATHEDRAL YARD, WITH FULL VIEW OF THE GRAND OLD CATHEDRAL. FIRST-CLASS HOTEL. REDUCED CHARGES. Eyery effort is made to ensure the unqualified satisfaction of Ladies and Gentlemen. Handsomely Furnished Suites of Apartments. LADIES’ COFFEE-ROOM. HOT AND COLD BATHS. Omnibuses and Cabs meet every Train. J. HEADON STANBURY, Proprietor. EXETER. POPLE’S NEW LONDON HOTEL, FOR FAMILIES AND GENTLEMEN. HIS Hotel contains all the appointments found in First-class Establishments, adjoining Northernhay Park, within three minutes’ walk of the Cathedral, and opposite the New General Post Office. Visitors will find the comfort and attention of home with fixed moderate charges. A Ladies’ Coffee Room. Night Porter. Omnibuses and Cabs to every Train. Posting in all its branches. Also Proprietor of the Globe Hotel, Newton Abbot. EXETER. STANBURY’S HALF MOON HOTEL, HIGH STREET. Old Established. Family and Commercial. 8 situated in the most central part of the City. Families and Commercial Gentlemen will find this House replete with every comfort, and the Charges Moderate. Ladies’ Coffee Room and Superior Billiard Room. Hight Spacious and well-lighted Stock Rooms. Omnibuses belonging to the Hotel meet all Trains. A Night Porter. FORRES, Cee BLE STATION Adjoining the sean Platform, Forres. STANDING WITHIN ITS OWN GROUNDS AND BEAUTIFUL GARDEN. (Patronised by the Royal Family and Leading Members of the Nobility and Aristocracy of Europe.) APARTMENTS EN SUITE. SPACIOUS BILLIARD & SMOKING ROOM. Boots in attendance at all Trains. JAMES CAMPBELL, Lessee and Proprietor. C 34 FORRES—FORT-WILLIAM——GATEHOUSE OF FLEET. FORRES, MORAYSHIRE, N.B. CLUNY HILL HYDROPATHIC. On Highland Railway, 24 miles south of Inverness. XTANDS on one of the beautiful eminences known as the Cluny Hills. These are clothed with pine woods and intersected by about 5 miles — of Walks. Air Dry and Bracing. Finest River scenery in Scotland. — Tennis and other Amusements. Possesses every home comfort. Charges in Summer 8s, 6d. per day, or £2:12:6 per week. N.B.—Six miles of Salmon, Grilse, and Trout Fishing. a ee cd ¥ to ascend the Bern. The nearest and most convenient for any wishing Moderate Charges.—Mxs. DOIG, Proprietrix, THE ALEXANDRA HOTEL, PARADE, FORT-WILLIAM. GATEHOUSE OF FLEET, N.B. MURRAY ARMS HOTEL AS comfortable accommodation for Families and Tourists at very moderate terms. The Drives, Walks, and Scenery in the neighbourhood are unsurpassed in the South of Scotland, embracing as they do the scene of Scott’s ‘‘ Guy Mannering.” Visitors have fishing in Loch Whinyeon and the River Fleet free, a boat being kept on the Loch for their sole use. POSTING. LETTERS, ETC., PROMPTLY ANSWERED. GEORGE McMICHAEL, Proprietor. 35 THE SHANDON HYDROPATHIC GARELOCH. BEAUTIFULLY SITUATED ON THE GARELOCH 9 N.B. near HELENSBURGH ’ and 40 minutes of Greenock. > Within 14 hours of Glasgow ‘ybsngsuajayy ly ‘uopunyy ‘uebounpy ayy, 0 snqoadsoug sof hyddy *‘sdotuBeyg Aq YoouseIH YYIM WOLVOTUNUIUIOD JooIIp osTe ‘ABMTLEY YS YON WO Jol UvlopusestelH 4v SIOUIBIIg YIM SUIOOUUOD YSINGUIPY pure MOSsepH WodIJ SUICIY, SNOIETINN "JL1OFUIOD ewmoy AJoAo puv ‘ouTsIND JUaT[eOXW ‘oespory vouvsjUG oY} 4B seoTO ydvisefoy, pus 4sog ox ‘somvy ‘syeog emsvetg ‘Ainxnt Asad YIM ‘syyeg Joyo pue “(peyeoy) wg SUIUIUIIMSG IOJVM-B9G JUSOTIUSe]Y “poypealwun oiv sololjog puv ‘sueprey ‘somourA ‘A10}vAIosMOg eLJ, ‘pUvyjoog Ul ALoueoS [NJI}Neeq JsSOUL oY} JO YONU 04 pus “PUOULO[YOOT 0} suoIsMoxY Suryeul GLSTUNOL Ioj o1jUed JUSTMeAMTOD eV puB ‘SeTUOTON oY} IO VWICGNI WO SuIUINjoL QATTINVA OJ pojdepe TIaA WOOONTY GAH NI FONACISHY OINTVdOUdAH LSANIA AHL —— i a | E tT ta | ca \ f | we i co i j a oD a Fm Sen \ i | | i i 36 GIANTS CAUSEWAY—GLASGOW, GIANT’S CAUSEWAY. ——— See SS - HIS beautifully situated Hotel is worked in connection with the Grant’s CAUSEWAY ELectric TRAMWAY. It is the most central spot for Tourists visiting the district, being close to the Giant’s Causeway, and with Dunluce Castle, Dunseverick Castle, and Carrick-a-Rede in the immediate neighbourhood. The Hotel stands in its own grounds of 25 Acres, and has been three times enlarged within the last four years to meet the growing popularity of the Establishment, which will be found most comfortable, and the charges moderate. There is an Asphalte Lawn Tennis Court and Kiosk. The Hotel is lighted throughout with the Electric Light. Guides, Boats, and Posting are attached to the Hotel with fixed scale of charges. Electric Tram Cars leave Portrush Station on the arrival of all trains, with through booking to the Causeway Hotel. The extension of the Electric Tramway from Bush- mills to the Causeway will be open this season, when Tourists will be landed in the Hotel grounds without any trouble or change of Cars. There will be an increased service of Electric Tram Cars on the Tramway during the summer months, and the Antrim coast service will be entirely remodelled. Orders to view the Electric Generating Station at Walkmills can be obtained at the Hotel. Postal and Telegraph Address—The MANAGER, Causeway Hotel, Bushmills. | Note.—Always ask for through Railway Tickets to the Giant’s Causeway. GLASGOW. HIS LORDSHIP’S LARDER AND HOTEL, 10 ST. ENOCH SQUARE, GLASGOW. (Opposite St. Enoch Station Booking Office.) rpe ensure economy consistent with comfort, Visitors cannot do better than live at this most central House. Breakfast, Dinner, Tea, and Bedroom included, from 7s. to 8s. per day. T. WHITE, Proprietor. GLASGOW. 37 GLASGOW. PHILP’S COCKBURN HOTEL, 141 BATH STREET. THIS large new Hotel is especially | planned and constructed with every Modern Improvement to meet the requirements of a First-Class Hotel. Situation unsurpassed. In an elevated and quiet but central and convenient part of the City ; with- in easy access of the different Railway Stations and Steam-Ship Landings. Street Cars pass within a few yards to all parts of the City. Passenger Elevator. Turkish Baths and Billiard Rooms. The home of Americans in Glasgow. BED AND ATTENDANCE FROM 23, 6d. LIBERAL BOARDING TERMS. N.B.—In connection with the Cock- BURN HOTEL, EDINBURGH, and Philp’s Glenburn Hydropathic, Rothesay. Every sail given regarding } Tours. TO ibeee cs IE OND > *ANCSLANDS 4 OF SCOTLAND. __|\High-Class Temperance House. i ti ‘ Tire “EE alee watt al i ii P il i | “fhe an ale ony BATH eer: 152 BATH STREET, GLASGOW. The most comfortable First-class Hotel in Glasgow. Very Moderate Charges. P. ROBERTSON, Proprietor. 38 GLASGOW. CRANSTON’S WAVERLEY TEMPERANCE HOTEL, GLASGOW, Is now removed to 172 SAUCHIEHALL STREET (For particulars see Advertisement, p. 26). GLASGOW (ote new Raiptes . 172 SAUCHIEHALL STREET. EDINBURGH, ‘‘ Old” . 43 PRINCES STREET. EDINBURGH, “New”. “ . 16 WATERLOO PLACE. LONDON F - : . 87 KING STREET, CHEAPSIDE. CAUTION! No connection with any other Waverley Hotel in Glasgow. GLASGOW. CITY COMMERCIAL RESTAURANT, 54 anv 60 UNION STREET, GLASGOW. r THE most extensive and comfortable Dining Room in Scotland. Breakfasts, Dinners, a and Teas served with comfort, economy, and despatch. Bill of Fare— Exrra ODERATE. LADIES’ PRIVATE DINING ROOM AND FLAVATORY. GENTLEMEN’S FLAVATORIES. No Gratuities to Waiters. MATTHEW WADDELL, Proprietor. GLASGOW. STEELS HOTEL, CORNER OF QUEEN STREET AND ARGYLE STREET. The most central Hotel in Glasgow. Ladies’ Coffee Room. Over 90 Apartments. Breakfast and Lunch from 1s. 6d. to 2s. 6d. Dinner from 3s. Bed and Attendance from 2s. 6d. Bed and Board per week, £2:12s. WM. ANDERSON, Proprietor. Late of Café Royal Hotel, Edinburgh. GLASGOW. MACLEAN’S HOTEL, ST. VINCENT STREET. FIRST CLASS. 120 APARTMENTS. MODERATE CHARGES. Close to Railway Stations. GLASGOW. 39 TOURISTS AND STRANGERS VISITING GLASGOW WILL FIND A LARGE AND WELL-SELECTED VARIETY OF VIEWS OF SCOTTISH SCENERY, GUIDE-BOOKS, MAPS, &c. &e. REID'S TOURIST EMPORIUM, 144 ARGYLE STREET, GLASGOW. 42 Fourth Shop West of Buchanan Street. _&p Speciality.—White-Wood Goods with views of Scottish Scenery —very suitable as Souvenirs of Scotland—from 6d. and upwards, GLASGOW. ‘ SCORER” FIELD GLASS, As represented by engraving, is Unites illed for Value!!! Price in Sling Case 35s.; or with Best Dull Leather Case, “suitable for any Cli- mate, 41s. Second to None. BROWWN’S Optical Wonder Field or ap Glasses, 10s. 6d., lds. 21s., 25s. Magic Lanterns from ls. 6d. to £25. The Lecturer’s Magic Lantern is the best value made, 84s. Orthoscopic or Correct Vision Spectacles, with finest Glass Lenses, in Steel Frames, 4s. 6d. Ditto, with finest Pebble Lenses, 7s. 6d. BROWN, Oculist Optician, 76 St. Vincent Street, Glasgow. 40 GLASGOW. » Leook at this — , & Look at that” eae sect VN > IRs a ale Wn se THOMPSON’ S AMERICAN’ CORN SOLVENT. HARD or SOFT CORNS, BUNIONS and WARTS, and reduces ENLARGED or INFLAMED TOE JOINTS. 4) Kia vie } ib } ST AEE BI NO PAIN. INSTANT RELIEF. Bottles 1s. 1$d., Post Free for 14 Stamps. GHNUINE only from M. F. THOMPSO N, HOM@PATHIC AND DISPENSING CHEMIST, 17 GORDON STREET, GLASGOW . . SHITH, SONS, AND LAUGHLAND, SILK MERCERS, FAMILY DRAPERS, COMPLETE OUTFITTERS, GENERAL WAREHOUSEMEN, | Carpet Merchants and Household Furmshers, 78 to 82 UNION STREBRT, GLASGOW, Have always a Large, Choice, fully Assorted Stock ; and Novelties are added to each Department as they appear. GLOUCESTER—-GOLSPIE—GUERNSEY. 4] GLOUCESTER. THE BELL HOTEL, rear in the centre of jthe City, near the Cathedral, and is the Leading Hotel for Families and Gentlemen. EXCELLENT STABLING. POST HORSES AND CARRIAGES. FuLtL FUNERAL EQUIPMENTS. / Omnibuses to and from every Train. Night Porter. Miss CORNER, Manageress. GLOUCESTER. SPREAD EAGLE HOTEL. HIS Old-Established First-Class Family Hotel will be found by Visitors replete with every comfort. Well-ventilated Bed and Sitting Rooms en suite. Headquarters Bicycle Touring Club. Handsome Coffee Room. Hot and Cold Baths. All the latest sanitary arrangements complete. First-rate Cuisine and choice Wines, &c. Good Stabling and Loose Boxes for Hunters, &c. An Elegant and Spacious Ballroom to be let for Balls, Concerts, Dinners, Meetings, Sales, &c. Tariffon application. Posting. FAVS, Gre BA. tine. The Hotel Omnibus meets all Trains. A NIGHT PORTER ALWAYS IN ATTENDANCE. HENRY CHARLES GROGAN, Proprietor. GOLSPIE. ROYAL SUTHERLAND ARMS HOTEL. EAUTIFULLY situated within a mile of Dunrobin Castle, the Grounds of which are opento the Public. Free Trout Fishing on Loch Brora for parties staying at the Hotel. Five minutes’ walk from sea-shore. Horses and Carriages on Hire. An Omnibus meets Trains. Charges moderate. JAMES MITCHELL, Proprietor. THE ISLAND OF GUERNSEY. GARDNER’S SIPEINES | Coc «€©HOTEL, FAMILY & COMMERCIAL HOUSE, ESPLANADE, GUERNSEY. ESTABLISHED 50 YEARS. HIS Hotel is situated in the most commanding part of the Island, facing the - spacious harbours and the approaches thereto, also having a full front view of the adjacent islands of Sark, Herm, Jersey, and Alderney. Visitors should be especially careful on landing to ask for the ‘‘ Royal.” Table d’Héte. Buitiiarps for the use of visitors staying in the Hotel only. Telegraphic Address—‘‘ Gardner, Guernsey.” JAS. B. GARDNER, Proprietor. 42 (HARRIS, see p. 83)—HARROGATE. HARROGATE. ROYAL HOTEL. WILLIAM KEIGHLEY, PROPRIETOR. HIS first-class Family Hotel is most pleasantly and healthily situated, and is replete with every comfort for families. Within five minutes’ walk of the Railway Station. BILLIARD ROOM. HARROGATE. “THE GRANBY,” HIGH HARROGATE, FACING THE STRAY. Bite First-Class Family Hotel stands in its own extensive grounds, and is beautifully situated in the best part of Harrogate. Good Lawn-Tennis Court. Great altera- tions have lately been made in the House, and Visitors will find in it every convenience. Carriages to the Wells and Baths every morning free of charge. Ten minutes’ walk from the Station. For Terms, &c., apply W. H. MILNER, Proprietor. Good Stabling. Carriages on Hire. HARROGATE WELLS. BARBER’S GHORGE HOTEL. Vas to Harrogate will find many advantages in making their temporary resi- dence at this Hotel, it being situated within three minutes’ walk of the Sulphur and Cheltenham Springs, seven minutes’ walk from the Railway Station, and in the immediate vicinity of the Public Baths, Concert Rooms, &c. The sheltered situation of the Hotel makes it admirably adapted for Visitors in Spring and Autumn. Terms per day :—Board and Lodgings, in Public Rooms, 6s. 6d. each; ditto, ditto, in Private Rooms, 7s. 6d. each; Private Sitting Rooms, 3s. to 5s. each; Attendance, &c., 1s. 3d. each. Beds charged extra if for less than three nights. Horses’ Hay, 10s. 6d. per week. Ostler extra. Billiard Rooms. Stabling for Hunters and Carriage Horses. N.B.—No fees given to Conductor to recommend this Hotel. Notrt.—Harrogate being a health resort, the Patrons of this Hotel are not expected to use Wine, &c., unless they require it. HIGH HARROGATE. GASCOIGNKE’S FIRST-CLASS FAMILY AND COMMERCIAL HOTEL. QGTANDING in its own grounds, in the most fashionable part of High Harrogate. Seven minutes’ walk from the Station. A Carriage leaves the Hotel for Wells each morning, free of charge. Private Sitting Rooms on application. Billiards. Terms moderate. An Omnibus meets every Train. J. 8. DAVIES, Proprietor. In order to prevent disappointment please note Address. SOUTH ASPECT. a HELENSBURGH——-HELSTON-——HUNTER’S QUAY—ILFRACOMBE. 43 HELENSBURGH. ABMS Finest Watering-Place in the West of Scotland. Trains and Boats to Loch Lomond and Trossachs, and Steamer every morning to Dunoon at 8.45, in time to meet the “‘ Iona” for the Highlands by that most celebrated Route—Ardrishaig, Crinan, and Oban, to Staffa and Iona. The alterations and improvements at the QUEEN’S HOTEL are now completed, and the Suites of Apartments for Families cannot be sur- passed. The view of the Clyde and Lake is most magnificent. Tourists conveniently arranged. A magnificent Coffee Room. Smoking and Billiard Room. All Charges strictly Moderate. Omnibuses and Carriages to all Steamers and Trains. A. WILLIAMSON, Proprietor. HELSTON. ANGEL HOTEL, FOR THE LIZARD AND KYNANCE COVE. 4 thie Hotel affords every Accommodation for Families and Gentlemen, and is especially adapted for Excursionists. Twenty minutes’ walk from the celebrated Looe Pool. Posting in allits branches. Brake to the Lizard daily (Sundays excepted) during the Season. W. BLACKWELL, Proprietor. HUNTER’S QUAY, HOLY LOCH. ROYAL MARINE HOTEL. HEADQUARTERS of ROYAL CLYDE YACHT CLUB. Situated close to Hunter’s Quay, at which Pier Steamers call several times a day, and is within ten minutes’ walk of Kirn Pier. The Hotel has lately been considerably enlarged, and is most comfortably furnished, offering superior accommodation for Families and Gentlemen. Charges strictly moderate. Visitors boarded by day or week. Coaches pass daily by Loch Eck Route to and from Inveraray. There is frequent communication between Dunoon ‘and Sandbank by brakes. Hot, Cold, Spray, and Douche Baths. Carriages and Boats for hire. OSCAR TROEGER, Manager. ILFRACOMBE, ROYAL GLARENCE FAMILY AND COMMERCIAL HOTEL. REPLETE with every Home comfort. A spacious Ladies’ Coffee Room, with large number of Bedrooms, has recently been added. Moderate Charges. Tariff on application. First-Class Billiard Room. Omnibus meets every Train. CHARLES Ep, CLEMOW, Proprietor. In connection with Anderton’s Hotel, Fleet Street, London, and Peacock and Royal, Boston, Line. 44 ILFRACOMBE. ‘THE ILFRACOMBE HOTEL. NEWLY DECORATED AND FURNISHED. ’ 250 Apartments. Magnificent Salle a Manger. Elegant Drawing-Rooms. Reading i Room. Large Billiard Room. Comfortable Smoking Room. Ornamental Grounds of Five Acres, extending to the Sea. Hight Lawn Tennis Courts. Table d’Hite Dinner at Separate Tables, daily from 6 to 8 o'clock. There is attached to the Hotel one of the largest Swimming Baths in England. Also Private Hot and Cold Sea and Fresh Water Baths, Douche, Shower, &c. sr attractions of Ilfracombe, and the places of interest in the neighbourhood, point to it as the natural centre to be chosen by the Tourist who desires to see with comfort all the beauties of Coast and Inland Scenery which North Devon affords. There is also easy access into South Devon and Cornwall. The means of communi- cation with Ilfracombe by Rail, Road, and Steamboat are most complete. Tourist Tickets to Ilfracombe for two months are issued during the Season at all the principal Railway Stations in England. Address--MANAGER, ILFRACOMBE, NorTH DEVON, THE ROYAL BRITANNIA HOTEL, ILFRACOMBE, GOOD PUBLIC ROOMS. MODERATE TERMS, ADDRESS—THE MANAGER. ee ILKLEY—(INNELLAN, see p. 46)—INVERARAY. 45 ILKLEY, YORKSHIRE. MIDDLETON HOTEL, FACING THE MOORS. HIS First-Class Family Hore. stands in its own extensive grounds on the banks of the picturesque River Wharfe, six miles from the famous Bolton Woods. Spacious Dining, Drawing, and Coffee Rooms. Billiard and Smoke Rooms. Suites of Apartments, &c. TABLE D’HOTE, 6.45—SEPARATE TABLE. TENNIS COURTS. GOOD STABLING. TARIFF ON APPLICATION TO The Manageress. ILKLEY, NEAR LEEDS. TROUTBECGK HYDROPATHIG ESTABLISHMENT AND SANATORIUM. Physician—THOMAS SCOTT, M.D., M.R.C.S.E. Proprietor and Manager—JOHN DOBSON. r'ROUTBECK is beautifully situated on an eminence overlooking the Valley of the Wharfe, adjoining the Moor, and close to the Tarn. This Establishment is a hand- some erection in the Elizabethan style, capable of accommodating seventy persons, built expressly for the purpose of carrying out the Hydropathic System to its fullest extent, and is justly famed for being one of the most compact and comfortable in Ilkley, every attention having been paid to render it at all times a most attractive residence for Inyalids seeking health, as well as for Visitors who desire merely relaxation and change. For full Prospectus, address—JOHN DOBSON, as above. INVERARAY. ST. CATHERINE’S HOTEL, LOCH FYNE, FACING INVERARAY, DONALD SUTHERLAND, Proprietor. OOD Shooting, Grouse, Black Game, &c., for Visitors ; also Stream and Loch Fishing. Coaches in connection with Glasgow Steamers start from and stop at St. Catherine’s. Posting. Carriages on Hire. Moderate Charges. 46 INNELLAN. INNELLAN. ROYAL HOTEL. MAITLAND begs to announce that he has purchased the above large and commodious Hotel, which has lately undergone extensive alterations and additions, in- cluding one of the largest and most handsome Dining- Rooms and Ladies’ Sitting-Rooms of any Hotel on the Firth of Clyde ; also Parlours with Suites of Bedrooms on each flat. -The Hotel is within three minutes’ walk of the Pier, and being built upon an elevation, commands a Sea view of the surrounding country, including Bute, Arran, The Cum- braes, Ayrshire, Renfrewshire, and Dumbartonshire, making the situation one of the finest in Scotland. The grounds of the Hotel being laid out in walks, and interspersed with shrubs and flowers, are quiet and retired for Families. There are also beautiful drives in the vicinity. —The Dining-Room has a large Fernery, with water fountain, which plays daily during the summer, making it cool and refreshing during the hot weather. Steamers call at the Pier nearly every hour for the Highlands and all parts of the Coast. Tourists arriving at the Hotel the night before can have Breakfast at Table d’ Hote at 9 A.M., and be in time to join the “Iona” at 10 A.M. for the north, calling at Innellan on her return about 4P.M. The Cuisine and Wines are of the finest quality. Large Billiard-Room attached. Hot, Cold, and Spray Baths. Horses and Carriages kept for Hire, FAMILIES BOARDED BY THE DAY OR WEEK. ** In connection with Ardlui Hotel, Loch Lomond, and Bridge Street Station Hotel, Glasgow. INVERARAY (see also p, 45)—INVERGARRY—INVERNESS. 47 INVERARAY. Prin set OR Geb oh Oot E L. Under New Management. Tourists, Families, and Commercial Gentlemen will find this Hotel most comfortable, combined with Moderate Charges. Special Rates for Commercial Gentlemen and Bicyclists. R. CLARK, Lessee. INVERARAY. THE ARGYLL ARMS HOTEL, Entirely Refurnished, and under new Management. Charges strictly Moderate, Parties boarded April to July. Fishing. JOHN CLARK, Proprietor. INVERGARRY. INVERGARRY HOTEL, INVERNESS-SHIRE. OW reopened after being rebuilt and enlarged. Comfortable accommoda- tion and perfect quietness amid very beautiful scenery. Reasonable Charges. Excellent Trout Fishing and use of Boats in Loch Garry Free. Post and Telegraph Office near Hotel. JOHN McINNES, Lessee. INVERNESS. THE HIGHLAND RAILWAY COMPANY’S STATION HOTEL. FREQUENTLY PATRONISED BY THE ROYAL FAMILY. A PRIVATE entrance from the platform under cover. The Hotel Porters attend the Trains, and an Omnibus the Caledonian Canal Steamers. POSTING, VERY MODERATE TARIFF. EDWARD CESARI, Manager. INVERNESS. “CALEDONIAN HOTEL Facing the sii Wie Station, and within one minute’s walk, HIS well-known first- class Family Hotel is patronised by the Royal Family and most of the nobilityof Europe. Having recently added fifty rooms with numerous suites of apartments for families, handsomely refurnished throughout, it is now the largest and best appointed Hotel in Inverness, and universally acknowledged one of the most comfort- able in Scotland. In point of situation this Hotel is the only one overlooking the riverNess, the magnificent view from the windows being unsur- passed, and extending to ; upwards of fifty miles of the surrounding strath aaa PEACE scenery of the great glen of ‘‘ Caledonia.” MAGNIFIGENT LADIES’ DRAWING ROOM. An Omnibus attends all the Canal Steamers. The Hotel Porters await the arrival of all Trains. Posting. ALEXANDER M‘FARLANE, Proprietor. FIRST- AND CLASS COMMERCIAL FAMILY HOTEL. INVERNESS. WAVERLEY HOTEL (Late Harcombe’s). Unsurpassed for Situation and Comfort, combined with Moderate Charges. ; TARIFF. Breakfast (Plain) ‘ : Is. 6d. Tea (Plain) ; ls. 6d. Do. (Table d Hote) . 2s. 6d. Dinner (‘Table d’Hote) : 3s. 6d. Bedrooms from 1s. 6d. Attendance 1s. 6d. The Porters of the Hotel attend all Trains, and the Hotel Omnibus runs in connection with the Caledonian Canal Steamers. D, DAVIDSON, Proprietor. INVERNESS (sce also p. 50),.—ISLE OF WIGHT. 49 THE. VICTORIA HOTEL, INVERNESS Ont the Proménade leading to the Cathedral and Ness Islands. TYXHE VICTORIA is the best situated Hotel in Inverness, being the nearest to Canal Steamers, and the only first-class Hotel facing the River and Castle. Omnibus attends Steamers and Trains. JOHN BLACK, Proprietor. SHANKLIN FOR SUNSHINE. HINTON’S ROYAL SPA HOTEL, The only Hotel on the Esplanade and facing the Sea. Meeteere vy | (rl 1. A SHELTERED and sequestered nook. Drawing Room, Conservatory, Flowers and Birds. _Table d’Hote at 7. Separate Tables. 50 Bedand Sitting Rooms. Billiards free of charge, and constant Amusements for Families residing in the Hotel. From 3 Guineas a week in Winter. 34 Guineas. ;, in Summer. D PENSION 9) 50 INVERNESS—ISLE OF WIGHT (see also p. 49). } MACBEAN’S IMPERIAL HOTEL, INVERNESS. The most central First-class Hotel in Town, and opposite to the Railway Station. Large Dining Billiard Room Saloon with accommodating Two Tables, Hot and Cold 90 Guests. Baths, and rei upwards of 60 Rooms. Drawing Room. The Hotel Omnibus attends all Steamers, and Porters await the arrival of Trains. WINES AND LIQUORS OF SUPERIOR QUALITY. ISLE OF WIGHT. DROVER’S MARINE HOTEL, PARADE, WEST COWES. A JAMES DROVER, PROPRIETOR. PLEASANTLY SITUATED, FACING THE SEA. The Comfort of Visitors studied in every way. | N.B.—Board at low Rates during the Winter Months. ISLE OF WIGHT—KESWICK—KILLARNEY. 51 VENTNOR, LW. ESPLANADE BOARDING HOUSE. Best position on Esplanade. Completely sheltered from North and East winds, with South aspect overlooking sea. Close to Pier. Good Bathing and Boating, Liberal Table. Terms from 35s. to 3 Guineas per Week. DERWENTWATER LAKE. JHFFERY’S Blencathra” Family & Commercial Temperance Hotel | (Opposite the Wesleyan Chapel), SOUTHEY STREET, KESWICK. FivE MINuTES’ WALK FROM THE STATION. PLEASANTLY situated, commanding extensive views of Mountain Scenery, recently enlarged and Refurnished. Ladies’ Drawing-Room. Hot and Cold Baths. Posting in all its branches. A ’BUS MEETS ALL TRAINS. JOHN H. JEFFERY, Proprietor. LAKES OF KILLARNEY. “THE LAKE HOTEL.” The only Hotel in Killarney situated on the Lake Shore, It is essential to apprise Tourists that there is at Killarney but one F establishment called ‘‘THE LAKE HOTEL.” T is situate in the Bay of Casslelough, on the Eastern Shore of the Lower Lake, in the centre of the varied scenery of the Lake, within ten minutes’ drive of the Railway Station. The waters of the Lake approach the Hall Door, and hence the dis- tinctive title, ‘‘THm LAkr Hors.” Boats and Vehicles of every description supplied at fixed and Moderate Prices. No Gratuities allowed to Drivers, Boatmen, etc., as they are paid ample wages by the Proprietor. The Lake Hotel Omnibus attends the arrival and departure of the Trains. NoricE oF THE PREss—From Bradshaw's ‘‘ Towrists’ Hand-Book.” “In point of situation, that of ‘THe Lake Hore.’ is, beyond question, the very best in the Lakes of Killarney. It occupies the centre of the circle described by the great mountain ranges of Mangerton, Torc, Eagle’s Nest, Purple Mountain, Glena, Toomies, Dunloe Gap, and Carranthual, and concentrates in one view all that is graceful, picturesque, and sublime in the scenery of Killarney.”—Bradshaw’s ‘ Tourists’ Hand-Book,” page 382. HY KILLARNEY—KILLIN, KILLARNEY By Her. Most Gracious 8 Majesty’ 8 Special Permission. THE ROYAL VICTORIA HOTEL (Open throughout the Year.) SITUATED ON THE SHORE OF THE LOWER LAKE. ' Patronised by H.R.H. THE PRINCE OF WALES ; by H.R.H. the DUKE OF CONNAUGHT ; by the Royal Families of France, Belgium, &. ; and Leading American Families. i jie Hotel is situated on the- shore of the Lower Lake, facing the far-famed Island of Innisfallen,+ within ten minutes’ drive of the Railway Station, and a short distance from the Gap of Dunloe. TABLE D’HOTE DURING THE SEASON. Boarding terms from October to J une inclusive, Postal Telegraph Office in the House. JOHN O'LEARY, Proprietor, KILLARNEY LAKE DISTRICT. THE MUCKROSS HOTEL, Cee with strictly moderate charges, contains all that. is necessary to promote the comfort and convenience of Visitors. It is situated in the most central and beautiful part of the Lake District, and within fifteen minutes’ drive of the Railway Station, at which the hotel ’bus attends, Surrounded by pleasant walks and drives, many objects of great interest and beauty, this Hotel will be found a most desirable place to spend a few days or weeks. Angling.—The Proprietor has arranged for the use of Visitors good Salmon Fish- ing. There is also good Salmon and Trout Fishing on the lakes, which are FRx, and ‘Anglers can have boats from the Proprietor without charge. Tariff and other particulars on application. Please be particular to observe the ’bus you enter bears the name, THE M UCK- ROSS HOTEL. LOCH-TAY, KILLIN HOTEL, 2 PERTRSHIREG Y Callander and Oban Railway, thence per New Branch Railway, to, Killin in connection with Loch Tay Steamers. This Hotel is within two minutes’ walk of the Railway Station, situated on the banks of the Lochay, at the head of Loch Tay, amongst some of the finest scenery in; Scotland. A recently constructed road has now opened for the first time to Tourists, by Coach ‘‘ GLENLOCHAY,” the finest of the Perthshire Glens.- Winding through the gentler beauties of its opening on Loch Tay, the traveller speedily reaches the mystic pass of the ‘‘ Collig,” which for sounding waterfall, frowning precipice, and pine-clad hills, equals, if it does not excel, the far-famed Trossachs. Farther onward, girt in by the mountain ridges of Glen Dochart, Glen Lochay, and Glen Lyon, the wild chaos forming the ancient Forest of Mamlorn, and lying under the shadow of the mighty Ben Hallum, there is found a scene of the most exquisite. pastoral loveliness— } ‘©The silence that is in the starry sky, The sleep.that is among the lonely hills,” Among the many places of interest are Finlarig Castle, Mausoleum of the Breadalbane ‘Family, Inchbuie, the Burial Place of the Clan M‘Nab, English Church. Post and’ Telégraph Office close by. Lawn Tennis. Trout Fishing and Pleasure Boats FREE OF CHARGE. ‘Posting establishment complete. A Coach will leave Killin “Hotel daily for Glen Lochay, at 11.50 a.m., returning for North and South Trains and Steamers. ALEXANDER STUART, Bo. wed KINGSTOWN— KIRK WALL— LEAMINGTON. 53 Weriy KINGSTOWN (CO. DUBLIN). THE ROYAL MARINE HOTEL, KINGSTOWN. FIRST-CLASS FAMILY HOTEL. Faces Dublin Bay and Kingstown Harbour. Two minutes from Royal Mail Packet Pier. TWELVE MINUTES FROM DUBLIN BY RAIL. LUGGAGE PER MAIL SHOULD BE LABELLED “ KINGSTOWN.” KIRK WALL—ORKNEY ISLES. THE KIRKWALL HOTEL. WILLIAM DUNNET, Proprietor, begs to intimate that the Hotel has been recently enlarged, thus affording additional accommodation, comprising Coffee, Commercial, Billiard, and Smoking Rooms. Private Parlours, with comfortable, well-aired, and spacious Bedrooms. | The Pleasure Grounds, adjoining the Hotel, are beautifully adorned with large trees, which shade the Bowling, Croquet, and Quoit Greens. The Hotel is situated within a few minutes’ walk of the Pier, and in close proximity to the Cathedral and Bishop’s Palace. Conveyances wait arrival of Daily Mail Steamer from Thurso. Gentlemen staying at this Hotel may enjoy Shooting and Fishing free of charge. Posting in‘all its departments. LEAMINGTON. ROYAL LEAMINGTON SPA. MANOR HOUSE HOTEL. IRST-CLASS for Families and Gentlemen. Surrounded by its most magnificently laid-out grounds, sloping to the River Leam, facing the Pump-Room Gardens, and in close proximity to both Railway Stations—thus making it one of the prettiest places of resort in the Kingdom. The Hotel has been considerably enlarged, furnished with all modern comforts, possesses the largest and handsomest Royal Assembly Room in the town. French Cuisine. Table d’Héte at Seven o’clock. . Prices moderate, POSTING, &Xc. SPLENDID NEW BOXES FOR HUNTING. ROBERT LAMPLOUGH, Proprietor (Late Proprietor of the White Hart Hotel, Harrogate). 54 LIVERPOOL—LLANDUDNO—LLANGOLLEN—LOCH AWE. LIVERPOOL. way| SHAFTESBURY | TEMPERANCE HOTEL, MULL MOUNT PLEASANT. | About Three Minutes’ Walk from Central ie and Lime Street Stations. ‘2 ()MATBUSES for the Landing Stage and all parts of the City either @| pass the door or near the Hotel. Over eet 100 Rooms. Cleanliness, Comfort, and Economy. Night Porter. LLANDUDNO, THE IMPERIAL FAMILY HOTEL. (CENTRE OF BAY.) 1 Bas consequence of the EXTENSIVE PATRONAGE which this Hotel has enjoyed since it was opened in 1872, it has been found necessary to ADD A NEw WING. APARTMENTS En svuITz ELEGANT BILLIARD SALOON FOR THREE TABLES. An Omnibus attends all Trains. EXcELLENT STABLING, Tariff on Application. JOHN CHANTREY, Proprietor. LLANGOLLEN, EDWARDS HAND HOTEL, Unequalled for the Beauty of tis Situation on the Banks of the Dee. ,- Several Bedrooms and Sitting Rooms have been added to the House to suit the requirements of Families visiting this delightful Neighbourhood, TABLE DHOTE, 6.30. BILLIARDS. Omnibuses from this Hotel meet all Trains. THE LOGH AWE AND DALMALLY HOTELS, ARGYLLSHIRE, ot ioe scenery round these well-known Hotels is certainly the: finest, in the Highlands. Situations unsurpassed. The great centres for tourists. Numerous delightful Excursions by coach, rail, and steamer. Capital Salmon and Trout Fishing, Boating, Tennis, Billiards, ete.. Visitors to Exhibition will find these Hotels central for numerous excursions. DUNCAN FRASER, Proprietor. LOCH AWE—LOCH EARN. 55 LOCH AWE. FREE TROUT, SALMON, AND SALMO-FEROX FISHING ON LOGH AWE. TAYCREGGAN HOTEL, NORTH PORTSONACHAN, IRST-CLASS HOTEL for Families and Anglers, close to Loch Awe at Portsonachan, half an hour’s sail from Loch Awe Station, and one hour’s drive from Taynuilt ‘Station. Replete with every convenience. Is the nearest First-class Hotel to Loch Awe, Loch Avich, Loch Nant, and ten other Hill Lochs, all Free to Visitors and mostly within easy walking distance, and some of which have been stocked with Loch Leven Trout, and can only be fished by staying at this Hotel. All Steamers call at the Hotel Pier. A Coach in connection with the Steamer ‘‘ Countess of Breadalbane” leaves Hotel daily in the season, running through Glen Nant. Passengers booked for Tay- nuilt, Oban, Head of Loch Etive, and Loch Awe, via Pass of Brander. Baths. Good Boats. Best Fishing Tackle. Post Horses. Families Boarded. Lawn Tennis. Telegraph Address—TayorEeaaan, Locw AWE. A. & A. MUNRO. PORTSONACHAN HOTEL (LOCH AWE, ARGYLLSHIRE, N.B,), [§ beautifully situated (half an hour's sail from Loch Awe Station), and is the_best angling station on the Lake. | '* The Hotel was lately rebuilt, and is now replete with every comfort. The fishing, which is first class, is free.. Commodious boats and experienced boatmen always avail- able. The Hotel Steamer plys three times daily to Station. Numerous daily excursions from Hotel by Coach and Steamer. Hotel Tariff free on application. THOMAS CAMERON, Proprietor. Telegraphic Address—‘“‘ Portsonachan Hotel, Loch Awe.” DRUMMOND ARMS HOTEL, ST. FILLANS, BY GRIEF. THIS New and Commodious Hotel, beautifully situated at the foot of Lochearn, is well adapted for Families and Tourists. St. Fillans is one of the loveliest places to be met with anywhere. Boats for Fishing and Carriages for Hire, Caledonian Coaches pass daily during the summer months. A, DAVIE, 56 LOCH EARN HEAD—-LOCH FYNE—LOOCH LOMOND. LOCH EARN HEAD. LOCH EARN HEAD HOTEL, BALQUHIDDER, PERTHSHIRE. 12 miles by rail from Callander. (Under Royal Patronage. Twice visited by the Queen.) THIS Hotel, which has been long established, has excellent accommodation for Families and Tourists, with every comfort and quiet, lies high and dry, and charmingly sheltered at the foot of the Wild Glen Ogle (the Kyber Pass), It commands fine views of the surrounding Hills and Loch, the old Castle of Glenample, the scenery of the Legend of Montrose, in the neighbourhood of Ben Voirlich, Rob Roy’s Grave, Loch Voil, Loch Doine, and Loch Lubnaig, with many fine drives and walks. Posting and Carriages. Boats for Fishing and Rowing free. A ’Bus to and from the Hotel for the Trains during Summer. Coaches to and from Crieff daily in Summer. “R. DAYTON. The Callander and Oban Railway is now open. Parties breaking the journey here can proceed next morning with greater comfort. LOCH FYNE. CAIRNDOW HOTEL, HEAD OF LOCH FYNE. ARTIES staying at the Hotel can have excellent Salmon and Trout Fishing, free of charge, on the River Kinglass and Loch Restal. See pages 188 and 184 of The Sportsman’s and Tourists Guide. The Tarbet, Inveraray, and Oban Coaches pass the Hotel daily during the season. HORSES AND CARRIAGES ON HIRE. WILLIAM JONES, Proprietor. LOCH LOMOND, BALLOCH HOTEL, FOOT OF LOCH LOMOND, Te above Hotel is beautifully situated at the foot of the *‘ Queen of Scottish Lakes,” and within two minutes’ walk of the Railway Station. Visitors will find every com- fort, combined with moderate charges. First-class Billiard Room, Smoking Room, Hot and Cold Baths, &e. Parties purposing to proceed by first Steamer up Loch Lomond would do well to arrive at the Hotel the previous evening. Visitors staying at the Hotel have “the privilege of walking through the Grounds and Flower Gardens of Mr. Campbell of Tullichewan Castle, and also permission to visit “‘ Mount Misery,” which commands 17 miles of the most beautiful portion of Loch- lomond—23 islands being comprised in the view, Trout and Salmon Fishing. Posting in allits branches, Boats for the Lake. Mrs, M‘DOUGALL, Proprietriz. LOCH LOMOND. 57 LOCH LOMOND. INVERSNAID HOTEL. PH Hotel is centrally situated in the Scottish Lake District amidst unrivalled scenery. In the neighbourhood are many places of interest, such as Rob Roy’s Cave, the islands on Loch Lomond, on some of which are the remains of feudal strongholds, and within a few yards of the Hotel, Inyersnaid Falls, rendered famous by Wordsworth in his poem ‘*To a Highland Girl,” Coaches to and from Loch Katrine in connection with all the sailings of the steamer there to and from the Trossachs, . LAWN TENNIS. BOATS. BILLIARDS, &c. TROUT FISHING ON THE LOCH FREE. Parties Boarded by Week or Month, except in August. et ROBERT BLAIR, Proprietor. LOCH LOMOND. Posting. -LARBET O..1 6.1. \HIS Hotel has lately undergone considerable alterations with extensive additions, comprising Billiard Room, Sitting Rooms, Ladies’ Drawing Rooms and Bed- rooms, &e, Croquet. Lawn Tennis, A. H, MACPHERSON,, Proprietor. Oban daily during the Season. Parties Boarded on Moderate Terms. Small Boats on the Loch, and Fishing Free. Coaches to and from Inveraray, Dalmally, and 58 LOCH NESS. DALLAS'S DRUMNADROCHIT HOTEL, GLEN URQUHART, INVERNESS-SHIRE. HIS old-established and well-known Hotel has been entirely rebuilt on a first-class scale, having now Thirty large Bedrooms, splendid Coffee and Drawing Rooms, besides Parlours, Smoking Room, Bath Room, and all conveniences. The House was specially built for an Hotel, and is newly and elegantly furnished in the most modern style, and Families and Visitors are now afforded first-class accommodation, combined. with comfort and quiet, at moderate charges. The Walks and Drives around Drumnadrochit are unrivalled for beauty, variety, and extent, while in the immediate vicinity is scenery made famous by Phillips, Millais, Shirley Brooks, John Bright, and others. Within convenient distances are Urquhart Castle, Falls of Dhivach, Dog Falls, and the famous Glen Affric and Strathglass. Visitors staying at the Hotel have liberty to fish in Loch Ness, and other Fishing can. be had in the neighbourhood. Posting complete in all Departments, and Conveyances, on Intimation, - will meet all Steamers, LETTERS AND TELEGRAMS CAREFULLY ATTENDED TO. are p eae” J. SIMPSON, Lessee. Drwmnadrochit Post and Telegraph Office within Two Minutes’ walk of Hotel. MR. MACBRAYNE’S STEAMERS CALL AT TEMPLE PIER DAILY. LOCH LONG—LONDON. 59 LOCH LONG. ARROGCHAR HOTEL, ARROCHAR, HEAD OF LOCH LONG. One and a half miles from Tarbet (Loch Lomond). UNDER NEW MANAGEMENT. Newly and elegantly furnished. Several Steamers call daily at Hotel Pier from Glasgow, etc. Coaches in connection with Inveraray, Dalmally, and Oban during the season. ’Bus meets arrival of all Loch Lomond Steamers at Tarbet Pier. Families, Tourists, and Artists will find this Hotel an excellent marine residence and a convenient centre for touri ing to the Trossachs and Western Highlands. Good Sea-Fishing and Boating. Posting. Charges Moderate. P. STALKER, Lessee. ARMFIELD’S SOUTH PLACE HOTEL, FINSBURY, LONDON, E.C [§ Unsurpassed for its Central Position and Easy Access from all parts of the Kingdom and Metropolis. With a high reputation for over thirty years. It has been recently enlarged,* decorated, and refurnished, and now affords increased efficiency with modern comforts at a moderate tariff, as a First-class Temperance Hotel. The Apartments, which are cheerful and comfortably furnished, con- sist of Coffee, Commercial, and Private Sitting Rooms, with about Seventy well-appointed and Airy Bedrooms. Ladies’ Drawing Room select. Well-ventilated Smoking and Billiard Rooms, for the use of Visitors, furnished by Burroughes & Watts. — Telephone 140. A Night Porter. Telegraph Armiiela’s, London. Terms, &c., per return of post on application to the Proprietors, JOSEPH ARMFIELD & SON. Three minaites’ walk from Broad Street, Liverpool Street, and Moorgate Stations. LONDON. RESIDENTIAL CLUB—THRALE HALL, STREATHAM, 8S.W., | Pisgeotadb healthiest suburb, with purest, bracing, yet balmy, air. Board and residence with comfort and elegance on very moderate terms by the day or week. Noble Reception, Reading, Smoking, Billiard, and Recreation Rooms. Corridors warmed in winter. Hotel Breakfast, 7.45 till 10 a.m. Hot Luncheon, 1 p.m. Tea, 4.30, and unequalled “ Table d’ Hote” (6 or 7 courses) at 7 p.m. Enjoyable Entertainments, Frequent Dances, and Asphalte Tennis Court. 60 LONDON. ae ae ‘ LONDON, on ae HOTELS Turkish Baths, LONDON & FAULKNER'S Newgate St. BRIGHTON-T <) ONDON. ESTABLISHMENTS. | une CITY CENTRAL HOTEL, NEWGATE ST., anp PANYER ALLEY. FAULKNER’S HOTEL, VILLIERS ST., STRAND. GARDEN HOTEL, MIDDLE ST., BRIGHTON LARGE GARDEN. (50 Yards from the Sea). . HOME. COMFORTS. AND MODERATE CHARGES. Tariff on application at 50 Newgate Street and at any Branch in London or Country. HAIR-CUTTING SALOONS, THE MOST COMPLETE IN LONDON. BATHS (ALL KINDS), LAVATORIES, AND DRESSING-ROOMS.— . HOSIERY, AND GENERAL OUTFITTING. Hats, Sraihes: Cutlery, Bags, Perfumery, etc., etc. 50 Newgate St., and 3, 4, and 5 Panyer Alley, E.C:; 26 and 27 Villiers St., alongside Charing Cross Station ; White Rock, Hastings, Little Bridge St., Ludgate Hill; Fen- church St. Railway Station ; The Colonnade, Ramsgate Sands; National Rifle Associa- tion, Wimbledon ; and at *Liverpool St: Station, G. E. Railway; *Broad St. Station, N..L. Railway; *Waterloo Station, L, and 8. W. Railway ; St. Pancras, and all Prin- cipal Stations on the Midland and North Staffordshire Railways. * No baths at these. DEVONSHIRE HOUSE HOTEL, 12 BISHOPSGATE STREET WITHOUT, LONDON, E.C, H. G@. CHALKLEY, Proprietor. T. H. CHALKLEY, Manager. A First-Class Temperance Hotel. VISITORS to London will find this one of the most central positions from which, whether by Rail, Omnibus, or Tram, they can reach all parts. The Hotel is fitted with évery modern improvement. The Public Rooms and Private Sitting Rooms are handsomely furnished, and the. Bedrooms will be found most comfortable. Every attention paid to Visitors. Reduced Charges are made during the Winter Months, and liberal arrangements made with those staying a lengthened period. A Porter ts in attendance all night. For Tariff of Charges apply to the Manager.— Telegraphic Address, “* Keterior, London.” VISITORS TO LONDON. TRANTER’S TEMPERANCE HOTEL, 7, 8, 9 BRIDGEWATER SQUARE, BARBICAN, LONDON, E.C. MOST CENTRAL FOR BUSINESS OR PLEASURE, Close to Aldersgate Street, Metropolitan Railway Station, and near St. Paul’s Cathedral and General Post Office. ’ Homelike, Highly Respectable, and Quiet. Clean and well Ventilated Bedrooms, 1s. 6d. to 2s. 6d. Breakfast or Tea from ls. to 1s.9d. NO charge for attendance. HOT AND COLD BATHS. ESTABLISHED 1859, Private, Family, and Commercial, Recently Enlarged. Visitors’ GUIDE To Lonpon, Regd.—What to see, and How to see it in a Week ; and Tariff Card free on application to G. T. 8. TRANTER, Proprietor, LONDON. LAMBERT, JEWELLERS AND SILVERSMITHS. COVENTRY STREET, LONDON. N.B.-WEDDING, BIRTHDAY, AND COMPLIMENTARY PRESENTS. 8. ‘FISHER, 188 peR ATED. THE Oa | PERFECT yy FITTED “BAG, “AND THE BEST BAG EVER INVENTED FOR CONTINEN FAL. TRAVELLING. LIGHT, STRONG, SECURE. Catalogues Post Free. 62 LONDON—LONDONDERRY. THE SARACEN’S HEAD HOTEL, SNOW HILL, HOLBORN VIADUCT, LONDON, E.C. Opposite the Snow Hill Station of the L. C. & D. Railway. FAMILY AND COMMERCIAL. Omnibus and Railway communication with all parts of London immediately avail- able. One of the most conveniently situated Hotels in the City. M. H. WOODHILL, Proprietor. Telegraphic Address—“‘ WOODHILL, LONDON.” By Her MAJESTY SPECIAL’ APPOINTMENT ; . AND H.R.H. THE PRiINcE OF WALES TURKEY, PERSIAN, & INDIAN CARPETS. IMPORTED BY THOS. BONTOR & CO., tare WATSON, BONTOR, & COMPANY, Carpet Manufacturers to the Royal Family, 35 & 36 OLD BOND STREET, LONDON, W. EXHIBITION MEDALS, 1851, 1862; DUBLIN, 1865; AND AMSTERDAM, 1883. Superior Brussels, Velvet, Saxony, and all other Carpets © in the Newest Designs. JURY'S HOTEL, LONDONDERRY. OURISTS, Families, and Commercial Gentlemen visiting the North of Ireland will find the above Hotel replete with every accommodation, combined with moderate charges. A NIGHT PORTER ALWAYS IN ATTENDANCE, Posting in all its Branches, Omnibuses attend the arrival and departure of all Trains and Steamers. GEORGE J. JURY, Proprietor. LYNTON—MALVERN. 63 LYNTON, NORTH DEVON. THE ROYAL CASTLE FAMILY HOTEL. Patronised by H.R.H. the Prince of Wales and other Members of the Royal Family. The finest sea and land views in the world. f bs Hotel, standing in its own ornamental grounds of about 12 acres, 500 feet above the level of the sea, overlooking the Bristol Channel, commands uninter- rupted views of the Valleys of the East and West Lynn, Lynn Cliff, Brendon and Countisbury Hills, The Tors, the Village of Lynmouth, the Foreland, the Welsh Coast, and the far-famed Valley of Rocks. Having been under the management of the present Proprietor nearly 50 years, the Hotel has been recently and extensively enlarged to meet the requirements of modern society, and combines the comforts of a private house with the conveniences of a first-class Hotel. Elegant Suites of Private Apartments. New and commodious Table d’Héte, Coffee Room, and Ladies’ Drawing Room, facing the sea. Excellent Cuisine. Moderate Charges. In connection with this Hotel, and in the same delightful grounds, is a PRIVATE HOTEL and BOARDING HOUSE, which offers excellent accommodation for Families visiting this charming neighbourhood. New and convenient Stables. Post Horses and Carriages of every description. Coaches in the Season to Ilfracombe, Minehead, and Barnstaple. THOMAS BAKER, Proprietor. FIRST-CLASS EXMOOR PONIES FOR SALE. LYNTON, NORTH DEVON. THE VALLEY OF. ROCKS HOTEL (ESTABLISHED 1800). In every respect. First-Class and Complete. ELIGHTFULLY situated in extensive ornamental Grounds 500 feet above the level of the Sea, with a full view of it, also the Foreland, the Torrs, the valleys of the Lynns, &c. &c, Elegant Suites of Apartments, also Spacious Table d’Hote and Coffee Rooms, Reading Rooms, and Ladies’ Drawing Room. The most modern conveniences to secure home comforts, good fare, and prompt attention: Handsomely-fitted Billiard Room open during the Season for Residents in the Hotel only. CHARGES MODERATE. TARIFF FORWARDED ON APPLICATION. Post Horses and Carriages. JOHN CROOK, Proprietor. MALVERN. THE ABBEY HOTEL, IN EXCELLENT SITUATION. MOST COMFORTABLE FAMILY HOTEL. Coffee-Room, Reading-Room, and Drawing-Room for Ladies and Gentlemen. Table d@ Héte during the Season. L. ARCHER, Proprietor. Miss SCHNEIDER, Manager. 64 MALVERN——-MANCHESTER——-MATLOCK BATH. MALVERN, THE FOLEY ARMS HOTEL (Patronised by the Royal Family). oe J cel first ats we visited Malvern, when shown into an upper chamber in the ‘Fotry Arms,’ we were literally taken aback. We can hardly say more than that the prospect struck us as far finer than from the terrace over the Thames at Richmond, ete., ete.”—Latract from article in ‘* Blackwood,” August 1884. . Coffee-Room and Drawing-Room for Ladies and Gentlemen. EDWARD ARCHER, Peonricton Miss YOUNGER; Manager. MANCHESTER. GRAND HOTEL COMPANY GF MANCHESTER, LIMITED. AYTOUN STREET. - PORTLAND: STREET. The Best Hotel in the City. Every modern convenience: ° Lift. First-Class Cuisine and Cellar. F, MOERSCHELL, Manager. MANCHESTER, KNOWSLEY. HOTEL, CHEETHAM. HILL. ROAD (Only a few Minutes’ walk from Victoria Railway Station), ea: WiLL be found to possess all home comforts, and the Finest Wines, Oldest Spirits, and Brightest Beer, all at most moderate charges. Parties staying a lengthened Bariod may make Special Terms. Omnibuses to all parts of the City pass the door.every few minutes. ~ RO KNOX, Manager. MATLOCK /BATH. THE ROYAL HOTEL — (LATE OLD BATH). VISITORS to this Romantic’County should make Matlock Bath their Headquarters. Delightful walks and drives to all places of interest. Central.and charming. This Hotel adjoins the pavilion and gardens. Newly furnished and fitted with all modern improvements. Table d’hote. Lawn Tennis, Billiards, Fishing, Large,Tepid Swimming Bath, free of charge. oe . Omnibus meets all Trains. Tariff on application to J. A, HINTON, late of Castle Mana, Isle of Man. MATLOCK——-MELROSE. 65 MATLOCK BATH, DERBYSHIRE. TYACK’S NEW BATH HOTEL, Recently enlarged and newly furnished, adjoining the Pavilion Grounds. . It affords every comfort and convenience of a first-class modern Hotel, and has Pleasure Grounds extending to 9 acres, commanding some of the finest views of Derbyshire. It has, been long patronised by the best English and American Families. Private Sitting Rooms, Drawing Room, Smoke, and Billiard Rooms A large Swimming Bath, Hot and Cold Baths. Lawn Tennis, Fishing. Balls weekly during the Season. Posting, Stabling. ‘BUS MEETS EACH.TRAIN. Terms Strictly Moderate, for which apply to the Proprietor, ; ) Bb TRACES Phair of interest within easy reach daily by Rail or Coach :— Buxton, Chatsworth, Haddon Hall, Castleton, Dovedale, Wingfield Manor, Hardwick Hall. MELROSE. THE WAVERLEY HYDROPATHIC. YNE hour from Edinburgh, one and a half from Carlisle. ~Terms from £2: 2s. per week., Summer, from £2:9s._ Billiards, Bowling, Lawn Tennis, Trout Fishing in Tweed included, First-class, Table. For Pr ospectus appl: y to the ee Me MELROSE. — THE ABBEY HOTEL, ABBEY GATE, GEORGE AND ABBOTSFORD HOTEL, HIGH STREET, MELROSE. © [HE only first-class Hotels in Melrose, both overlooking the ruis, and only 2 minutes’ walk from the Railway Station. The Hotel Buses “attend all Trains. First-class Horses and Garegee for Abbotsford, Dryburgh, etc., Can be had at both establish- ments, G. HAMILTON, Proprietor; E 66 MOFKAT——MONMOUTH. MOFFAT SPA. ANNANDALE ARMS HOTEL. ([OURISTS ¢ and Visitors to this famous Watering-Place will find at the ANNANDALE ARMs first-class accommodation, combined with Moderate Charges. Commercial Gentlemen will find every attention to their convenience and interests. ’Buses meet the Trains at Moffat Station. A Summer Excursion Omnibus runs along the route, passing ‘* Craigieburn Wood,” Bodesbeck, Grey Mare’s Tail—to St. Mary’s “Loch, every uesday, Thursday, and Saturday, in connection with a Coach to Selkirk. OMNIBUSES PLY TO THE WELL EVERY MORNING. Carriages of all kinds. Job and Post Horses on Hire. ROBERT NORRIS, Proprietor. MONMOUTH. VALLEY OF THE WYE. THE KING’S HEAD HOTEL AND POSTING HOUSE. HIS old-established Hotel, situate in Agincourt Square, the centre of the town, is replete with every accommodation for Families and Tourists, at Moderate Charges. A SPACIOUS LADIES’ COFFEE ROOM, AND A SUPERIOR BILLIARD ROOM. An Ommibus meets every Train. JOHN THOMAS, Proprizror. MONMOUTH. OLD CURIOSITY SHOP, AGINCOURT SQUARE, MONMOUTH. Close to the King’s Head Hotel and pial Arms Hotel ANTIQUE PORCELAINS. ANTIQUE PLATE. ANTIQUE FURNITURE. Collector. HENRY T. SIMMONDS. NAIRN—OBAN. 67 NAIRN, ROYAL MARINE HOTEL (Fifteen miles South of Inverness). + Patronised by the Royal Family. THE “BRIGHTON OF THE NORTH.” FIRST-CLASS HOTEL for Families and Tourists at Moderate Rates. The House was specially built for an Hotel, and has undergone a thor- ough and extensive Repair, and is newly and elegantly Furnished in the most modern style, and contains numerous Suites of Private Rooms, including Ladies’ and Gentlemen’s Dining Saloon, with Drawing Room; also Smoking Room, Billiard Room, &c. Over 70 Beds can be made up. The Climate of Nairn is well known to be the best in Scotland, and is becoming yearly more and more a favourite resort of the Upper Classes and Tourists from all parts of the Kingdom. It is also in high repute with the leading Physicians of the country, who invariably recommend their patients in increasing numbers to secure the benefits of the dry and bracing air of the district. Superior Hot and Corp Satt Water Batus in the Hotel, supplied by a powerful Steam Engine direct from the sea. An Omnibus awaits the arrival of all trains. Posting in all its branches will be done in first-class style, and will be carefully attended to. JOHN MACDONALD, Proprietor (Late Lessee of the Station Hotel, Inverness). OBAN. COLUMBA HOTEL. ON THE ESPLANADE. FIRST: CLASS. NEAREST THE STEAMBOAT PIER, AND, ONLY . THREE MINUTES’ WALK FROM RAILWAY STATION. ‘BUS NOT REQUIRED. D.C. MACMILLAN, Lessee, OBAN. THE ALEXANDRA FIRST-CLASS HOTEL, ON THE ESPLANADE, OBAN. Stands within its own Grounds, and commands the Finest View in Oban. 1 9y 6 NEW BILLIARD ROOM. °BUS FREE OF CHARGE. lL. G. M‘SARTHUR, Proprietor, IT ( OBAN. THE STATION HOTEL. FIRST CLASS. NEAREST RAILWAY STATION ‘ . AND PIER. VIEWS UNSURPASSED. 1, CAMPBELL, Proprietr 70 ORBAN. OBAN, KINGS ARMS HOTEL HAS a commanding sea view; is adjacent to the railway station and ~ steamboat wharf; and possesses home comforts, combined with noderate charges. LADIES’ DRAWING Room. BILLIARD, SMOKING, and BATH Rooms. Parties boarded on moderate terms. Tariff on application. Table d’ Hote daily. foots waits the arrival of Trains and Steamers. Boat kept for fishing. ALEX. M‘TAVISH, PROPRIETOR. OBAN. ANGUS’S IMPERIAL HOTEL. Immediately opposite the Steamboat Pier. OBAN. BLACK’S ARGYLL HOTEL. (Under New Management.) SITUATED ON THE ESPLANADE CLOSE TO THE STEAMBOAT PIER. CHARGES STRICTLY MODERATE. D. MACDONALD (Late of the Alexandra Hotel), Proprietor. OBAN, SUTHERLAND'’S GREAT WESTERN HOTEL. LARGEST AND LEADING HOTEL IN THE WEST HIGHLANDS. An Omnibus attends the arrival and departure of Trains and Steamers. Visitors conveyed to and from the Hotel free of Charge. OBAN—-OXFORD. 71 OBAN. VICTORIA, HOTEL, _ Frrst-Ciass TEMPERANCE—THE ONLY HIGH-CLASS IN- CLOSE PROXIMITY TO RAILWAY STATION, PIER, AND Post OFFICE. Bedrooins 1s. 6d, and 2s, Teas and Breakfasts 1s. 6d, and 2s. Dinners, & la carte, 2s. 9d. Registered telegraphic address, ‘‘ MACLACHLAN ” Oban. OXFORD3qQ 23—t™~S RANDOLPH HOTEL, IN THE CENTRE OF THE CITY, HE only modern built Hotel in Oxford, close to the Colleges and Public Buildings, and commanding a fine open view down Beaumont Street, St. Giles’s Street, and Magdalen Street, opposite Tur Martyrs’ MEMORIAL, Handsome Suites of Apartments. Drawing Room, Billiard Rooms, and every modern comfort and convenience, Excellent Wines imported direct from abroad, CHARGES MODERATE. GOOD STABLING AND LOOSE BOXES, Visitors at this Hotel will meet with every attention and consideration. ADDRESS—THE MANAGER. OXFORD. THE CLARENDON HOTEL, pee by H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, H.R,H. Prince Leopold, Their Imperial Majesties The Emperor and Empress of Brazil, The Princess Frederick Charles of Prussia, and Prince Louis Lucien Bonaparte. Situate in the most central part of the city, near the principal Colleges and places of interest to Visitors. Families and Gentlemen will find the Hotel replete with every comfort. SPACIOUS COFFEE AND BILLIARD ROOMS. PRIVATE SITTING AND BEDROOMS (en swite). LaviEs’ COFFEE Room. Guides always in Attendance. Fashionable Open and Close Carriages. Job and Post Horses. Good Stabling and commodious Coach Houses. : JOHN F,. ATTWOOD, Proprietor. 72 OXFORD (PENSARN, s¢¢ p. 73) PENZANCE. OXFORD. “a THE MITRE HOTEL, Situated in the centre of the finest Street in Europe, is one of the most ECONOMICAL First- Class Hotels in the Kingdom. QUEEN? s ‘HOTEL ON THE ESPLANADE. | {HIS “Hotel has a frontage of over 170 feet, all the rooms of which ioe as sea. ’ Itis the principal and lar cest in Penzance. For Families, Ladiés, and Gentlemen only.’ Penzance stands unrivalled for the variety and quiet beauty of its scenery, whilst the mildness of its climate is admirably adapted’ to invalids. ‘Apartments en. silite. Ladies’ Drawing, Reading, and’ Coffee Rooms, Billiard and Smoking Rooms, Hot and Cold Baths. ‘Table a’ Hate. An Omnibus meets every ci PO'STING' IN ALL ITS BRANCHES, ® ALEX. H. HORA, Son . NW PEN ZANCE—PENSARN——PERTH. 73 PENZANCE. MOUNT’S BAY HOTEL, ON THE ESPLANADE. - pus old-established Hotel commands a better view of Mount’s Bay than any other Hotel in Penzance, as all the windows in the front and at side have an Uninterrupted and unsurpassed View of all the Bay and St. Michael’s Mount. THE HOTEL IS HEATED witH Hor WATER. Hor anp Cop BATus. Choice Wines, etc. Post Horses and Carriages. TABLE D’HOTE. ‘PORTER MEETS EACH TRAIN. CHARGES MODERATE. Terms and View on Application. MRS. LAVIN, Proprietress. PENSARN. CAMBRIAN HOTEL, ABERGELE. Close to the Railway Station, Beach, and Lawn Tennis Grownds. Tt is conveniently situated for the daily Welsh Circular Tours. ROBERT HUMPHREYS, Proprietor. BILLIARDS. _ PERTH. HENRY’S QUEEN’S HOTEL Opposite the General Railway Station. (OVER THE BRIDGE.) THAT IS THE HOUSE TO GO TO. PERTH. — POPLE’S ROYAL BRITISH HOTEL (Opposite the General Station). ' Patronised by their Royal Highnesses the Prince and Princess of Wales, Prince and Princess Christian, Duke of Connaught, and other Members of the Royal Family, and the leading Nobility of the Kingdom. HIS Family Hotel has long stood pre-eminent ; and the Proprietor would remark that the same care and unremitting attention, which are universally acknowledged by all who have patronised him, it will be his constant study to continue: Telegraphic Address—Por.k, PERTH. 74 | PERTH—PLYMOUTH—PORT BANNATYNE—PITLOCHRIE, PERTH. SALUTATION HOTEL. T this old-established and well-known Hotel (under new management) Tourists, Commercial Gentlemen, and’ Families will find ‘comfort and attention, combined with strictly moderate charges. Saat terms for Cyclists. BILLIARD..ROOM WITH FIRST CLASS TABLES. HOTEL ’BUS AWAITS. THE ARRIVAL OF TRAINS. Orders by Letter or Telegram receive prompt attention. W. CARGILL, Proprietor. PLYMOUTH. GRAND, HOTEL.) (ON THE HOE.) THE ONLY HOTEL WITH SEA VIEW. Facing Sound, Breakwater, Eddystone. MAIL STEAMERS ANCHOR IN SIGHT. Public Rooms and Sitting Rooms, with Balconies, JAMES BOHN, Proprietor. KYLES OF BUTE HYDROPATHIC pe eeee ss PORT. BANNATYNE, BUTE, N,B. NRIVALLED as a Marine Residence. Situated 200 feet above the lev el of the Sea, commanding magnificent view of Loch Striven and the entrance to the Far Famed Kyles of Bute. Sheltered Walks within Policies. Every Home Comfort. Unsur- passed Salt, Fresh Water, and Turkish Baths. Climate during Winter free from fogs, and as mild as the South of England and Channel Islands. Consulting Physician.—Dr. ANDREW J. HALL, Lady Superintendent.—Miss MALCOLM. Terms on Application, ATHOLE HYDROPATHIC. PITLOCHRIE, PERTHSHIRE. HIS. Palatial Establishment, after extensive alterations, extension of Tennis Courts, &c,, will be reopened for the reception of. Visitors on the 19th May, UNDER THE PERSONAL SUPERVISION OF THE Proprietor, W. MACDONALD, Royal Refreshment Rooms, . Perth Station, WHO WILL FORWARD PROSPECTUSES ON APPLICATION, = Nn PITLOCHRIE. =. — = ——— PITLOCHRIE. FISHER’S HOTEL. FIRST-CLASS FAMILY. HOTEL AND POSTING ESTABLISHMENT. PAS wishing to see the magnificent Scenery in this part of the Scottish Highlands will find this Hotel (to which large additions have been made) most convenient, for in One Drive they can visit the Falls of Tummel, the Queen’s View of Loch Tummel; The Far-Famed Pass of Killiecrankio; Glen Tilt; The Falls of Bruar, &c. Pitlochrie is on the direct route to Balmoral Castle, by Spital of Glen- shee and Braemar; and to Taymouth Castle and Kinloch-Rannoch, by Tummel Bridge. Salmon and Trout Fishing on the Rivers Tummel and Garry, and on the Lochs in the neighbourhood. . EXCURSION COACHES we leave the Hotel daily during the summer season for Pass of Killiecrankie, Falls: of Bruar, Queen’s View on Loch Tummel, Kinloch-Rannoch, Glen Tilt, &c. Seats secured at the Hotel. Fares moderate. Job and Post Horses and Carriages of every kind, By the Day, Week, or Month. ORDERS BY TELEGRAPH FOR ROOMS, CARRIAGES, OR COACH SEATS, PUNCTUALLY ATTENDED TO, PLYMOUTH. 76 THE ROYAL HOTEL, PLYMOUTH. SS f — TS — lao — | moe ss SSS Meee, | t T 1} a "WAOISA ff -YJlOS PUD UOPUOTT PUN UsopSd Af -{DALY —'e1a “ynowhyg 0 punbugy fo yzvonr ay) pun uopuoT wosf inapoy fo saurvt ony ERAL COFFEE ROOM.. SPACIOUS GE RETIRING ROOM FOR LADIES. g Room for Gentlemen staying in the, Hotel. Good Smokin S. PEARSE, Proprirtor | PRESTON—-RHYL——-RIPON——ROTHESAY. 77 PRESTON, LANCASHIRE. Half-way between London and Edinburgh, and London and Glasgow. THE VICTORIA AND STATION HOTEL. Close to the Railway Station. Established 50 Years. Night Porter. Charges Reasonable. GOOD STABLING AND COACH-HOUSES. MISS BILLINGTON, Proprictress. 2HYL—NORTH WALES. WESTMINSTER HOTEL. FIRST-CLASS HOTEL, FACING THE SEA. RIPON, FOUNTAINS ABBEY. UNICORN HOTEL AND POSTING HOUSE. PATRONISED BY H.R.H. PRINCE or WALES. NE of the Oldest Established Hotels in the North of England, and the principal in Ripon. To meet requirements it has been lately much enlarged and improved. Orders by Post punctually attended to. R. E, COLLINSON, Wine anv Spirit Mercwant, Proprictor. ROTHESAY, ISLE OF BUTE. (Opposite the Prer.) THE BUTE ARMS HOTEL. (UNDER NEW MANAGEMENT.) HIS Old-Established and First-Class Hotel affords excellent accom- modation for Families, Tourists, and Commercial Gentlemen. Charges Strictly Moderate. PARTIES BOARDED BY THE WEEK OR MONTH. ROBERT SMITH, Proprietor. 78 ROTHESAY (ST, FILLANS, see p. 55). RPAH ESS QUEEN'S is PBS HOTEL, Established over Twenty-one Years. Five Minutes’ Walk from the Quay. On the Reieumee R D. M‘PHERSON (for 29 years Lessee of the Argyll Arms Hotel, Inver- aray) begs to announce that he has just succeeded to this OLD-EsTABLISHED and First-CLAss: FAMILY AND COMMERCIAL Horst, which comprises magnifi- cent Dining Saloon (one of the finest in Scotland), Ladies’ Drawing Room, elegant Sitting Rooms, Smoking and Billiard Rooms, Bath Rooms, and over FORTY Bedrooms—all furnished in the most modern style. Tourists would find the QuEEN’s Hotz a most suitable and convenient resort for breaking their journey, either going North or South. Several Pleasure Excursions can be had from Rothesay at convenient how's every forenoon by, ‘Columba,’ ‘ Lord of the Isles,’ ‘Ivanhoe,’ ‘ Gael,’ ‘ Bonnie Doon,’ ‘Sultana,’ and other Steamers, for Arran, Cumbrae, Campbeltown, Inveraray, Ardrishaig, Ayr, Arrochar (Loch Lomond), and other places on the Firth of Clyde; returning to Rothesay i in the afternoon, giving passengers time to Lunch. Bxtollent Fishing in Loéhs Katrine and Achray. “Boats en- gaged at the Hotel, and, at the Boathouse Loch Katrine Pier. BILLIARDS. _ LAWN TENNIS. _ Address THE TROSSACHS. HOTEL, Loch Katrine, ® By CALLANDER, N.B. R. BLAIR, Proprietor. 88 WELLS—YORK-—HYDROPATHIC (MALVERN) ESTAB.—COACHES. WELLS, SOMERSET. THE SWAN HOTEL, FACING, AND PRIVATE WALK TO, THE CATHEDRAL. For Tariff of Charges, see the “Swan Hore, VIsiTors’ GUIDE TO WELLS,” price 6d., or to MRS. GEORGE, Proprietress. YORK. = HARKERS YORK HOTEL, ST. HELEN’S SQUARE. ae long-established First-Class Hotel occupies the most central and best Situation in the City, being nearest to the Minster, the Ruins of St. Mary’s Abbey, and other objects of interest ; is within-five minutes’ walk of Station and free from noise of Trains. P. MATTHEWS, Proprietor. GREAT MALVERN. HYDROPATHIC ESTABLISHMENT. R. RAYNER’S Hydropathic Establishment and Winter Residence, Great Malvern. Hydropathy, Electricity in every form, Massage, Droitwich Brine and Medicated Baths, and other curative agents. Aix Bath for the treatment of rheumatism, gout, neuralgia, &c., as at Aix-les-Bains. Quiet rooms for the treatment of patients by the Weir-Mitchell method. Separate terms to Visitors not requiring medical treatment. For Prospectus apply to T. RAYNER, M.D., as above. THE | BRAEMAR DUNKELD, BLAIRGOWRIE, AND GLENSHEE COAGHES WILL COMMENCE RUNNING ON Ist JULY, Leaving BRAEMAR at 8 A.M., DUNKELD at 9 A.M., BLAIRGOWRIE at 11 A.M., every lawful day. a Five Arms HoTet, BRAEMAR, April 1887. COACHES——RAILWAYS. 89 NORTH DEVON. . “ LYNTON AND. MINEHEAD. “ae Well -appointed Fast Four-Horse Coach “LORNA DOONE ” Commenced running for the Season on the 25th Sg se April, between Railway Station, Minehead, and ~— === Royal Castle Hotel, Lynton. For particulars see G. W. Railway Time Tables and Bills, THOMAS BAKER Jvun., Proprietor. PRIVATE Hore, Lynton. LYNTON, LYNMOUTH, AND BARNSTAPLE, The quickest route to London by three-quariers of an hour. Tue Well-Appointed Fast Four-Horse Coach ‘‘ Tantivy (carrying the Mails) runs daily throughout the year (Sundays excepted), in connection with the trains of < l and 8. W. Railway, passing through some of the SS ee : finest scenery in Devonshire. = 3 ‘ ~adep.8_ 0A. Waterloo . = . dep..9 0 a.m. Barnstaple : aecatr. 10.55! Sy s fiahg | ee 3 be AIT: Sal) Powe ” 3 dep.-11l 3) 45 ° 4 ° #-dep. 3°40. 7, Waterloo air. 5 17pm. | © (Lynton . » arr, 6 30°%,, Throug oh Tickets issued at all L. & 8S. W. Railway f Stations, | Booking Office opposite Valley of Rocks Hotel, Lynton. : JONES BROS., House Agents, Lynton, Proprietors. TLONDON & SOQUTH-WESTERN RAILWAY, WATERLOO STATION, LONDON. The Shortest and Quickest Route to the South-West and West of England, EXETER, BARNSTAPLE, BIDEFORD (“ West- ward Ho!”), ILFRACOMBE, NORTH and SOUTH DEVON, BUDEwid Hotswortuy, TAVISTOCK, LAUNCESTON, PLY- MOUTH, DEVONPORT, WEYMOUTH, SWANAGE, CORFE CASTLE, BOURNEMOUTH, SOUTHAMPTON, PORTS- MOUTH, STOKES BAY, and ISLE OF WIGHT, The only throughout. Railway to Ilfracombe. FAST EXPRESSES AT ORDINARY FARES, AND FREQUENT FAST TRAINS. Trains convey Third-Class Passengers. CHEAP TOURIST AND EXCURSION TICKETS. Through Tickets in connection with the London and North-Western, Great Northern, and Midland Railways. Regular Mail Steam-Ships, vid Southampton, to and from the CHANNEL ISLANDS, JERSEY, and GUERNSEY. Also Fast Steam-Ships for Havre, RovEn, and PARIS, Sr. Mato, CHERBOURG, GRANVILLE, and HonrLreur. The Company’s Steam- Ships are not surpassed in Speed or Accommodation by any Channel Vessels, CHARLES SCOTTER, General MaegEt: EAST COAST RAILWAYS, “EXPRESS” ROUTE. GREAT NORTHERN .AND NORTH-EASTERN RAILWAYS.’ SPECIAL EXPRESS TRAINS BETWEEN LONDON & EDINBURGH & GLASGOW. LONDON & EDINBURGH 8 HRs. 55 MIns. To GLAscow IN 10 Hrs. 20 Mins, SPECIAL DAY EXPRESS TRAINS run between Glasgow, Edinburgh, and London, as ‘under: DOWN. UP. C KIN@’s CROSS ...... Dep. 10.0 a.m. .|\ PERTH. .....08.2 o.. Dep. 7.30}:4.M. EDINBURGH......+6 Arr, 7.0. P.M. GLASGOW ....esseeeue 2. eer GLASGOW ......000ee ir 8.20 ,, EDINBURGH.......... 5, 10.0 0 PERTH}. dsseslguced 9.35 Kine’s Cross...... Arr. 7.0 P.M. Ph) 9) THROUGH WEEK-DAY SERVICE BETWEEN LONDON AND SCOTLAND BY EAST CoAsT ROUTE. ao DOWN. Alf B | Sat, UP. C A.M.| A.M.| A.M. | P.M. | P.M. | P.M. | P.M. A.M. |[A.M. | A.M.) A.M.|-P.M. Kino’s X, Dp. 5.15 10.0 |10.35| 8.0*| 8.30/10.30| 8.30|| Wick.....Dp.12.10):8.0 |... Blige 7 Edinburgh Ar. 3.40; 7.0 | 8.38} 4.55] 6.15} 9.55| 6.15|| Thurso.... ,, 12.25);8.10 .. ae Glasgow.. ,, 5.20). 8.20/10.25| 6.20) 7,45/11.15] 7.55|| Helmsdale ,, 3.30/10.18 =| ee ay, Stirling .. ,, 5.18} 8.25|10.26| 6.30} 7.41] 1.55|;7.87|| Golspie... ,, 4.30/10.56| .. s 1 8.2 Oban..... ,, 9.47) .. | 4.45} .. 112.25] 6.17] .. || Inverness. ,, 10.10}-3.0-+ +. {10.0 Perth..... ,, 6.40) 9.35]1].36| 7.20] 8.35] 3.35) 8.30)) Aberdeen. ,, —1.20)»4.40 8.55 Dundee... ,, 6.45/10.30]12.40) 8.20] 9.50) 4.45] 9.5 P.M. Aberdeen. ,, 8.40} 3.5 | 8.5 | 9.55/11.15| 8.30]12.0 || Dundee » 4.0 | 6.40 7.0 | 7.0 {11.5 Inverness. ,, <. | 8.5 |°8.5 /11.50) 6.5 | V.>| 1.30]| Perthoy. 1 »» 4.20) 7.35) 7.30} 7.30/12.0 Golspie .. ,, HeLOl 118)555 24] ota 5.14!/ Oban... .. », 12.40} 4.0 oe wvet-6, 10 Helmsdale ,, 4 45.2:10)72.101" 4.451. a5 5.51|| Stirling... ,, .5,19) 8.41) 8.40} 8.40].1.5 Thurso.... ,, 4.40} 4.40 6.0] .. 7.50} Glasgow...,, 6.0 | 9.5" 8.45} 8.45] 1.0 Wick .... 5, .. | 5.0 | 5.0 | 6,10] ..4| °.. | 8.0° |) Edinburgh ,, 7.35/10.40,10.0 |1015| 2.50 A. Does not leave King’s Cross on Saturdays or Sun-|| Kine’s X, Ar. 5.45! 8.15 7.0 | 8.30) 2.10 days. | A.M.| A.M.| P.M.| P.M. | A.M. _ B. The train leaving King’s Cross.at.10.30 p.m. on Saturdays does not run north of Berwick on Sunday morning. C. Not run from Inverness on Saturday nights. Third-class tickets are issued by all trains, except the additional Special Scotch Express trains, from King’s Cross at 10.0 a.m.; and Edinburgh at 10.0 a.m. It is intended that this train service shall be in force until Ist July, but from that date the night express train service will be altered, and additional expresses run between King’s Cross and Scotland by East Coast route. ; An additional day express will leave King’s Cross at about 10.25 a.m: for Edin-’ burgh. The down night service will be improved, and an additional train run from King’s Cross. The 10.40 p.m. up express from Edinburgh will leave at 10.20 p-m. and be accelerated so as to reach King’s Cross at 7.10 a.m, New express trains will leave Edinburgh at 12.40 noon and 10.40 p.m., and arrive at King’s Cross 10.50 p.m. and 8.0 a.m. respectively. * The 8.0 and 8.30 p.m. Express trains from King’s Cross are in direct connection with the “‘Iona” and other West Coast Steamers. PULLMAN CARS & SLEEPING CARRIAGES are attached to the night trains. Alterations may be made in the times of the trains from month to month, for particulars of which see the East Coast Railways’ Monthly Time Books. Conductors in charge of through luggage travel with the Express trains leaving London at 10.0 and 10.35 a.m., 8.0 and 8.30 P.m.; and Perth at 4.20 p.m. and 7.30 A.M.; and Edinburgh at 10.0, 10.15 a.m., 7.35 p.M., and 10.40 P.m. EAST COAST ROUTE. GREAT NORTHERN AND NORTH-EASTERN RAILWAYS. TOURIST TICKETS,—-From 16th May to 31st October, Ist, 2d, and 3d class tourist tickets, available for return, without extra payment, wntil 81st December 1887, will be issued trom London (King’s Cross, G.N.R.), 111 Strand, 285 Oxford Street, at the Offices of Messrs. Swan & Leach, 32 Piccadilly Circus, and 3 Charing Cross ; and at Victoria (L. C. & D.), Moorgate Street and Finsbury Park Stations, etc., etc., to the under-mentioned stations in Scotland, at fares as under :— FARES FROM KINGS CROSS. ; Ist class |2d class)3d class Ist class ; 2d class|3d class S. Ged 18. Mes} cS. he peice. Sire esl, we Oe @BERWICK . . 94 0]. 75 4] 49 6 /||St. ANDREWS . 121 9] 8810 56 0 @MELROSE, . via COLDSTREAM ., 96 8] 76 0. 50 0 sdexhani) 254" 6 99 6) 74:1 9:11:50: 0 |DunpeErs: .). 125 .8.}> 90...8 1,560 PEEBLES .... >... 104 9 ve 50 0 ||ARBROATH . 128 3 | 92 2 56 O aEDINBURGH . 109 6] 79 91] 50 O ||MonrRosE . 133 0} 94 6} 56 0 ForraR . .. 130 3} 93 8 | 56 0 ||BREcHIN. . 133 0); 94 6) 56 0 Guascow .. 110 3{ 81 2]| 52 0 ||ABERDEEN . . 133 6| 94 9. 56 0 HELENSBURGH. 112.9] 82 4] 52 0 ||BatuaTER. . 148 3/105 3! 62 10 LARBERT. . . 112 0} 82 0} 52 0 ||PrrtocHRY . . 131 2 93 6) 56 0 DSTIRLINGE! 2 1). 114. 63 ]'°83.107]+ 53. 16 |IStRUAN, «2.: . 1384 4] 95.10 | 57,10 BRIDGEOF ALLAN 115 0] 84 6] 54 0 ||BoaTorGaRTEN DUNBLANE . . 115 6] 84:9] 54 °0 ||GRANTOWN . ./7147 6/103 9, 60 O; CALLANDER. . 118 6 54 0 J/KeITH Ges. ORIEFF, .). » »121 6] 88 8 | 54 0 |i/ELGIN. ~ . . 148 6| 104 3/| 60 0 KILLIN’ | 6s ae 4121, 0 59 0 || INVERNESS... | DALMALLY 4... 129 9 62% sO HW NAIRN ©... « lod 0 | 105 0) | 60.0 LocH AWE..... 130 3 62. 6 ||FoRRES . - | CONNEL FERRY 131 9 7 63 6 ||DINGWALL . . 150 0 | 108 11 63. 1 TAYNUILE 59/7 -H31 0:3 63. 0 |STRATHPEFFER. 151 3 {109 11 | 63 8 OBAN,viaDalmally 132 3 64 0 ||ACHNASHEEN . 157 6] 112 6); 67 6 OBAN, via Glasg’ STROME FERRY 164 9/117. 41.70 O or Helensburgh 130 3} 101 2} 63 O |/Larre. . . . 160 0/115 0| 70 0 OBAN, Cire. Tour 131 3 ae 63'.6)|IGOLSPIE .... . .165.0 | 1718 9] 72.6 PERTH .. . 123 3| 88 8/|}/ 54 0.|/HeLMsDALE. . 170.0 ]}.122 6] 75 0 DUNKELD. . 127 8] 9010) 54 0||THURSO .... 184 6) 133 9.| 83 0? ABERFELDY . . 132 3] 94 4} 5610 ||Wick.. . 186 9/135 4] 84 O4 From Victoria (L. C. & D.) and Moorgate, 8d. 1st, and 6d. 2d class, will be added to the‘ King’s Cross fares, except to Berwick. «@ Tickets are also issued from Broad St. to Berwick, Melrose, and Edinbro’ at fares as follows:—Berwick, same as from King’s Cross; Melrose and Edinbro’, 8d. 1st, and 6d. 2d class, higher than King’s Cross. BREAK OF JOURNEY.—Passengers may break their journey, both inigoing and returning, at Peterboro’; also at Grantham or Doncaster to enable them to visit Lincoln Cathedral, paying the ordinary fares between those places and Lincoln, and at York to enable them to visit Harrogate, Scarboro’, and the Hast Coast watering-places, and also at Darlington, Durham, Newcastle (for Newcastle Exhibition),* Bilton, and Belford, re- suming it by trains having carriages attached corresponding to the class of ticket held ; also at Berwick oy any station north of Berwick on the routes by which the tickets are available. Passengers for places north of Edinburgh and Larbert may break the journey in Edinburgh and at Glasgow, and also at any station at which the train ordinarily stops. Tickets between Great Northern stations and places north of Larbert are available at Edinburgh and also at Glasgow. Passengers breaking the journey at Glasgow may travel to or from the north via Greenhill or Polmont without additional payment, provided they make use of N. B. Co.’s trains to and from Glasgow (Queen St. station). The journey can be broken both going and returning, and without restriction as to period, except that the return journey must be completed within the time for which the ticket is available. Passengers with tickets for Melrose are also at liberty to break the journey at St. Bos- well’s tor Dryburgh Abbey. The above facilities and arrangements, as regards passengers breaking their journey, apply equally to 1st, 2d, and 3d class. * The Royal Mining and Engineering, etc. etc., Exhibition at Newcastle will be open from 11th May wntil 31st October. The Royal Agricultural Show will be at Newcastle from July 1th to 15th. The holders of through tickets to Scotland may break the journey ,at Newcastle when going north and when returning to the south, ; 4 For further information apply at the Offices of the East Coast Ry. Cos. in Edinburgh, 9 Princes St.; Glasgow, 32 West George St.; Perth, General Sta- tion; Dundee, 33 Cowgate; Aberdeen, 28 Market St.; Inverness, 6 Academy St.; Oban, Bank of Scotland Buildings (Mr. J. Stuart). 92 RAILWAYS. 4 LONDON & NORTH-WESTERN AND CALEDONIAN RAILWAYS. West Coast Royal Mail Route between England & Scotland Via PRESTON anp CARLISLE. . TRAIN SERVICE—Ist, 2d, and 3d Class by all Trains. STATIONS. WeerEk- Days. — SUNDAYS, a.m.|a.m.|a,.m.|a.m.| p.m. p-m.|p.m. | ngtf}p.m.| p.m, nght London (Euston)....dep.| 5.15) 7.15/10.0 |10.10) 8.0 8.50,10.0 12.0 | 8.50)10.0: /12.0 Birmingham (New 8t.).. ,, | 7/30) 8.50/12.0 |12.0 |10.15/10.15)12.5 | 3.10}10.15/10.15) 3.10 Liverpool (Lime Street) ,, | 9.40/11.10} 1.45) 3,45/11.40/12.45! . 2.35]12.45) © 24.0) 12.35 v! (Exchange) .. ,, |10.7 |11.35] 2.20) 8.25) .. Sage ge wle® fuse ope] Setok a. Manchester (Exchange) ,, {10.0 /11.5 | 2.0 | 4.0 {11.40 1.0] .. oo | HORDE $ % (L.and Y.)..,, (10.0 111.10} 1.45]'8.25] 2.9] G2 |. ery eeees ese My Mofiat iy jcc tivetit 00s Ponte arr.| 2.47|94/271° 6,52] .. ae La |. 2274117. way Te QQ0E, Kdinburgh (Princes Street) ,, | 4.15) 5.50} 8.0 |10.5 «» | 6.55! 9.0 < {12.521 6.55}. 9.0../12. Glasgow (Central Station) ,, | 4.25] 6.0 | 8.0 |10.15) 6.0 7.5 | 9.15 |-1.5.] 7.5. | 9.14} 1. Greenovk 65.8, celeste ade », | 5.38) 7.13] 9.3 |11.57| 7.5 | 8.45]*10.43) 2.461 8.45}10,43) 2. SCITlIng Gare, ete ee eae ac »» | 5.34) .. | 8.25/10.45) 6.30) 7.41/*9.50 | 1.579 .7.56) 9.50) 1. Oban YP. oN oa sy | DAF oe | 4.45) 6 e0112025}) ©. C4672. 2562354 365 Perth .2)3:: . sbtusasiencletale’« ae yy» | 6,45) ..° | 9.85/11.50} 7.20) 8.55|*11.10) 3.35] 8.50)11.10) 3. Dundee? .8.0.Ah la de.0ids yy | 780) 4. |10.80/12.40 8.20) 9.50)*12.5 | 4.45 10.0. |12.5 | 4. Aberdeen 565 sisi cisn oltre the », |10.0 ae «- | 3.5 | 9,55)12.0 |*2.15 | 8.30]12.0.| 2.15) 8. Inverness...........0.00 yf we | ee Love | 8.5 [11.50/65 [6.5 1. 1 651-65). No connection to places marked (*) on Saturday nights. + Not on Saturday nights from London. Up TRAINS. a.m. |p.m.|a.m.|/a.m.)a.m.] p.m.|p.m.| p.m. fa.m.| p.m, INVERNESS ....... Se ye dep.) xxqhOepos |. 2410. -» | 3.0} 45° (10.10) 55... Abetdeen......6... 00s). 2. # a ++ [@&m.} 4. | 8.5512.30) .. | 4.40) 2B 912.30)... Durle@s, 5.0. .266;|. 002 yy | cee | 740}. [LL | 3.30] 545] 6.40) 22 9 B10) |. Oba: SX... 2. Sipe Sy oe 3 -¢ | 6.10,12.40] _.. | 4.0 Bite hs F Perth.@32... 0. 26h. 82 8 es 8.30) .. |12.0 | 4.13F .. | 7.30) BRE44] G. Stirling... .2..681.. 8.2 od 9.30}... |.1.51 5.0} 22 | 830) 2° $55]. Greénoek.... .+..261...8 28 > 9.0.)-9.5 | 1.10) 5.0:} 8.5 . 9.0, § 5.0chrner Glasgow (Central Station) ,, | 6.0 }10.0 |11.0 | 2.15) 5.50} 9.5 . |10.5. § 5.50),.9.5 Edinburgh (Princes Street) ,, | 6.0:|10.0 |11.0 | 2.25) 6.0 | 9.10 10.10 § 6.0 | 9.10 Moffabtial..curxt® 2s sito. yy» | 7.0 |10.30]12.35) 3.55) 6.20}... at oe HA aie d Manchester (Exchange) arr./12.36] 4.20] 6.0 | 8.55) .. | 3.35) 3.35] 4.40 f ... | 3.50 J (L. and Y.)..°5,° {12-15} 3.55] 5.25).8.45'12.12} 2. |. fos. (12:80) 8. Liverpool (Lime Street) ,, |12.35] 4.35} 5.40 9.15 12.20) 3,45) 3.45) 4.50 [12.0 | 3.55 if (Exchange)... ,, (12.17) 3.52} 5.30) 8.50) .. | .. | .. fo .. Flees Birmingham (New St.) .. ,,\ | 2.40} 6.18] 8.10]11.25) 2.32] 5.45] 5.45) .. 2.32) 5.45! p-m.} p.m. a.m.| a.m, a.m. | London (Huston) ....arr.’ 4.20] 8.0 |10.15] .. | 3.50] 7.0 | 7.45] .. § 3.50] 8.01 >.. This Train Service will be in force until 1st July, but from that date the Train’ Service will be altered and additional Fast Express Trains run between England and Scotland by the West} Coast Route. Full particulars will be duly announced in the Company’s Time Books and Bills, ne Through Guards and Conductors travel by the principal day and night Lapress Trains. DRAWING-ROOM SALOONS, without extra charge, fitted with Lava- tory accommodation, and furnished with every modern convenience, are run between London and Edinburgh and Glasgow by the train leaving Huston at 10 a.m., returning from Edinburgh and Glasgow by 10 a.m. Up Express. Carriages with Lavatories are also run on all the principal Express and Fast Trains between England and Scotland. IMPROVED SLEEPING SALOON CARRIAGES, lighted with gas, comfortably heated, and provided with Pillows, Sheets, Blankets, Rugs, Lavatories, etc., are attached to the Night Trains from and to London, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Greenock, Stranraer, Perth, etc., the charge for each Berth being 5s. in addition to the ordinary First-Class Fare. Separate apartments are reserved for ladies travelling alone. Saloons, Family Carriages, Reserved Compartments, aud all other conveniences necessary to ensure comfort on the journey, can be arranged upon application to Mr. G. P. NrE.x, Superintendent of the L. & N.-W. line, Euston Station, London ; Mr. Irving Kempt, General Superintendent, Cal. Rail., Glasgow ; or to any of the Station-Masters at the Stations on the West Coast Route, ; two - OPK OR CrOMD: «+ SoOuons aS RAILWAYS. 93 ‘1st, 2p, AnD 3p CLASS TOURIST TICKETS Available from date of issue up to and including 31st December 1887, ARE (DURING THE SEASON, MAY 16TH TO OcTOBER 31ST) ISSUED FROM LONDON and all Principal Stations in HNGLAND TO CHIEF TOURIST RESORTS & PLACES OF INTEREST IN :SCOTLAND. For full particulars see the ‘* West Coast Tourist Guide” (with Maps, price 3d.), which can be obtained at all Stations. BREAK of JOURN EH Y.—Passengers may break their journey, either going or returning, at Rugby, Birmingham, Stafford, Crewe, Warrington, Wigan, Preston, Lan- caster, Carnforth, Oxenholme (to enable them to visit Windermere and the other Lakes), Shap, Penrith, Carlisle, and at any intermediate Station on the direct route between Carlisleand their destinationin Scotland. Passengers mayalso break theirjourney at Kenil- worth, as also at Leamington (for Stratford-on-Avon)and at Lichfield. Passengers from London and Stations South of Crewe will be allowed to proceed to and break the journey at Manchester (for the purpose of visiting the Jubilee Exhibition) without extra pay- ment, ‘Tourists breaking the journey at any Station when travelling in: the outward direction are required to produce both the outward and return halves of their tickets. TOURIST TICKETS issued by the West Coast Route to Stirling, Oban, Perth, Dundee, Aberdeen, Inverness, and other Stations north of Larbert, entitle the Passengers either to travel direct to the North, or first to visit Edinburgh and then Glasgow, travelling by the Caledonian Line throughout, thus:—To Edinburgh, via Carstairs: from Edinburgh (Princes St.) to Glasgow, via Caledonian Line; from Glasgow to the North, via Caledonian Line, and vice versa on return. Tickets are also issued entitling the ‘holders to travel via Carstairs and Edinbur gh, break the journey at the latter place, and proceed thence to Larbert, starting from the Waverley Station, Edinburgh, and travelling via Linlithgow, returning by the same route. Passengers must state at the time of booking by which route they elect to travel, and obtain Tickets accordingly, Passengers holding Tourist Tickets to Montrose, Brechin, Aberdeen, and Stations north of Guthrie, may travel via Forfar or via Dundee, in either direction.. DINING.—The Down and Up Day Expresses wait. 20 minutes at PRESTON to enable Passengers to dine, and Hot Dinners are provided,. 2s. 6d. each—No. fees. Special Dinners will be provided for Family Parties, on notice being given to the Conductor at Crewe on the Down journey, and at Carlisle on the Up journey. LUNCHEON-BASKETS are supplied to Passengers in the Trains at the Euston, Bletchley, Rugby, Nuneaton, Stafford, Crewe, Preston; and Carlisle Stations, at the following charge:—Baskets containing half a chicken, with ham or tongue, or a portion of cold beef, salad, ice, bread, cheese, butter, etc., with either half a bottle of claret, two glasses of sherry, or a pint bottle of stout, 3s. HOT LUNCHEONS, con- sisting of fillet.of beef or mutton chop, fried potatoes, bread, etc., can be supplied to Passengers in the Trains at Crewe, Rugby, and Stafford, on giving notice to the guard of the train at the preceding stopping stations. The charge for the hot luncheon is 3s. with wine or beer, and 2s, 6d. without. . Luncheon-Baskets are provided at: Perth for the convenience of Passengers travelling by the West Coast Route. OMNIBUSES FOR USE OF FAMILY PARTIES travelling by the West Coast Route.—The L. and N.-W. Ry. Co. provide, when previously ordered, Omnibuses capable of carrying six persons inside and two. outside, with the usual quantity of luggage, to meet trains at Huston Station. The Omnibuses will also be sent to the hotels or residences of parties leaving London by L. and N.-W. Ry. on application being made to the Station-Master at Euston, stating the train by which it is intended to leave Euston. The charge for the use of an Omnibus will be as follows :—For distances under six miles, 1s. per mile; for distances six miles and over, or when two horses are used at the request of a Passenger, 1s. 6d. per mile, except when a large ‘bus is used, when the charge is 2s. per mile. Passengers from Scotland, by the West Coast Route, travelling by the Limited Mail or other Through Scotch Trains from Perth, Glasgow, Edinburgh, and Stations South, can secure these Omnibuses to meet the Trains on arrival at Euston Station, by giving notice to the respective Station-Masters before starting. The Omnibuses can generally be obtained on arrival of the Train at Euston, even though not previously ordered. FAMILY LUGGAGE.—Arrangements have been made in London and other large towns for carting to the Station, at low rates, the luggage of Families travelling by the L. & N.-W. Ry., and also for forwarding such luggage by Passenger Train in advance. THE LIMITED MAIL AND HIGHLAND EXPRESS TRAINS travel by the ‘West Coast Route,” and are in connection with the Mail Coaches to the outlying districts of the Highlands. These Trains have been accelerated between London and Edinburgh and Glasgow; and additional accommodation and inetreased acilities are afforded to Passengers travelling by them, May1887. By Order. 94 RAILWAYS. MIDLAND RAILWAY. ENGLAND AND SCOTLAND, ‘Vira Serrie And CARLISLE.” AN IMPROVED SERVICE OF EXPRESS AND FAST TRAINS has been established between the Midland System and Scotland by this route. Passengers between London, Edinburgh, and Glasgow are conveyed in Through Carriages of the most improved description, “fitted with an efficient continuous Automatic Brake and all the most approved modern appliances, and Through Guards accompany the principal trains in charge of Passengers’ luggage. — Return Tickets between Stations in England and Stations in Scotland are available for One Calendar Month. LONDON.—A Morning Express Train runs from London to Edinburgh and Glasgow, and also from Glasgow and Edinburgh to London, with a PULLMAN PARLOUR CAR to and from Glasgow (and Edinburgh during the Summer months):. A Night Express Train runs in each diréction between the same places, with PULLMAN SLEEPING CARS attached. WEST OF ENGLAND.—For the convenience of Passengers to and from the West of England and Scotland, a New Service of Express Passenger Trains has been estab- lished to and from Bristol, Bath, Gloucester, Cheltenham, Worcester, and Birmingham, in connection with the Through Service between London and Edinburgh and Glasgow. DINING ARRANGEMENTS.—-The Up and Down Day Express Trains stop half-an- hour at Normanton to enable Passengers to dine, a spacious and comfortable Dining Room haying been provided. Table d’ Hote of five Courses with Dessert, 2s. 6d. each——no fees. LIVERPOOL AND MANCHESTER. SPECIAL SERVICE of Express Trains has been established between LonDoN and MANCHESTER and LIveRPOOL (via DERBY and Mattock). Passengers travelling by this route pass through the most picturesque portion of the Peak of Derbyshire and the Vale of Matlock. PULLMAN PARLOUR AND SLEEPING CARS are run by this route: Passengers holding First-Class Tickets are allowed to ride in the Pullman Cars attached to the Day Express Trains without extra payment. For Berths in Sleeping Cars a small extra charge is made in addition to the First Class fares. A PULLMAN DINING SALOON CAR is also attached to the Express Trains leaving London (St. Pancras) at 5 p.m. for Manchester and Liverpool: and Manchester (Central) at.5 p.M. for London. Passengers leaving Liverpool at 4.40 p.m. can join the Dining Car from Manchester at Derby. No extra charge beyond the sum payable for the Dinner is made. Table d’ Héte, Luncheon, dc., ser ved en route. OMNIBUSES.—Small Omnibuses, capable of carrying: Six Persons inside and Two outside, and Large Omnibuses, drawn by two horses and capable of carrying Ten or Twelve’ persons, are supplied when previously ordered, to meet the Express and other principal Trains at the St. Pancras Station. The usual weight of Luggage is allowed. The Omnibuses are also sent to the Hotels or Residences of parties leaving London hy Midland Railway, or to any of the Railway Termini, on application being made to the Ces wana at St. Pancras, stating the Train by which it is intended to leave St. ancras The charge for the use of a Small Omnibus is Is. per mile, with a minimum charge of 8s.; for distances over 6 miles, or when two horses are requir ed, the charge is 1s, 6d. per mile, with a minimum charge of 4s. 6d. ; and larger Omnibuses are charged 2s. per mile, minimum charge 6s, Two-horse Omnibuses ply between St. Pancras Station and Hotel, and Charing Cross and Waterloo Stations, on week days only. The Omnibuses meet the Principal Trains, and Passengers holding Through Tickets between Stations on the Midland and South: Eastern and London and South-Western Railways, are conveyed across London Free o, Charge, other Passengers being charged 3d. each. BELFAST, BY THE SHORT SEA MAIL ROUTE via BARROW. HE capacious Docks of Barrow, situated within the ancient Harbour of Piel, under J_! ‘shelter of Walney Island, are open for traffic, and the Swift and Powerful First- class Paddle Steam Ships “ DONEGAL,” sf LONDONDERRY,” ‘‘ ARMAGH,””: Or other First- class Vessels, sail between" Barrow (Ramsden Dock) and Belfast (weather permitting) in connection with through Trains on the Midland and Furness Railways; and through Tickets to Belfast, in connection with the Boat, are’issued from London and all prin- cipal Stations on the Midland Railway—Return Tickets’ are‘available’ for | One Calendar Month, and in the’summer for Two Calendar Months. He Passengers to cr from London, and other Stations south of Leicester, may break their Journey at Furness Abbey, Leeds, Derby, Trent, Nottingham, Leicester, Ketter- RAILWAYS. 95 ing, Luton, and Bedford, and they may also travel via Birmingham, and break the , journey at that place. Passengers to or from Stations west of Birmingham may break the journey at Furness Abbey, Leeds, Derby, or Birmingham; and Passengers to or from Stations on the North-Hastern Railway at Leeds or Furness Abbey, taking care that from any of those places they proceed by Midland Trains. BELFAST via STRANRAER AND LARNE. Passengers are also booked through to Belfast by the Shortest Sea Route via Carlisle, Dumfries, Stranraer, and Larne. A SLEEPING CAR and THROUGH _ CARRIAGE are run between London (St. Pancras) and Stranraer in connection with the Steamers, by the Trains leaving St. Pancras at 8.25 p.m. (Saturdays excepted), and Stranraer Harbour at 8.40 p.m. daily (Sundays excepted), On Sundays the Through Car- riages and Pullman Sleeping Cars are run on the 9.15 P.M. trains from St. Pancras. For Berths in Sleeping Car a small extra charge is made in addition to the First Class fares. TOURIST TICKETS.—SCOTLAND. During’ the summer months 1st and 8rd Class Tourist Tickets are issued from London (St. Pancras) and principal Stations on the Midland Railway to Edinburgh, Glasgow, Greenock, Oban, Melrose, Dumfries, Ayr, Stirling, Perth, ' Dundee, Aberdeen, Inverness, and other principal places of interest. Saloon, Family, and Invalid Carriages can be obtained for the use of parties travel- ling to and from Scotland by the Midland Route, by giving a few days’ notice to the Station-master at any of the principal Stations, or to the Superintendent of the Line, Derby. __ MORECAMBE AND THE ENGLISH LAKES. MORECAMBE, WINDERMERE, AMBLESIDE, GRANGE, FURNESS ABBEY, SEASCALE, RAVEN- GLASS, PENRITH,’ KESWICK, and TROUTBECK. Every Friday and Saturday, during the Summer Months, Cheap Excursion Tickets to Moreeambe are issued from: Leicester, Nottingham, Derby, Sheffield, Masboro’, Barnsley, Normanton, Leeds, Bradford, Keighley, Skipton, and principal intermediate points, available to return on the Sunday, Monday, or Tuesday after date of issue. Tickets at Cheap Fares are also issued from the same places to Morecambe: on Fridays and Saturdays, available to return on any day up to the following Monday week. For Dates, Fares, and further particulars, see Tourist Programmes and Special Hand- bills. ! MATLOCK AND BUXTON. Tourist Tickets are issued from principal Stations on the Midland Railway, and Lines in connection, to Matlock and Buxton. Passengers holding Tickets to Buxton are allowed to break the journey at principal places of interest on the Line between Matlock and Buxton. RETURN TICKETS at Low Fares will be issued from certain stations to MaTLocK and Buxton, by any of the Through Trains, on Fridays and Saturdays, during the Season, available for Return by any Train on the Sunday, Monday, or Tuesday after date of issue. First and Third Class Tourist Tickets, available for Two Months or longer, are issued during the Summer Months from principal Stations on the Midland Railway, to -Searboro’, Whitby, Filey, Bridlington, Harrogate, Ilkley, and other Stations in the Yorkshire district. Yarmouth, Lowestoft, Cromer, Cleethorpes, and other Stations on the East Coast. Brighton, Hastings, Portsmouth, The Isle of Wight, Bournemouth, and other Stations in the South of England. Penzance, Plymouth, Torquay, Exeter, Weston-super-Mare, Ilfracombe, and other Stations in the West of England. Monmouth, Swansea, Tenby, Severn Bridge, Upper Lydbrook, and other Stations in South Wales. Aberystwith, Llandudno, Rhyl, Bangor, and other Stations in North Wales. Southport, Blackpool, and other Stations on the Lancashire Coast ; and to Bath, Malvern, Leamington, Brecon, &c. For further particulars, see Tourist Programmes and Hand-bills. PLEASURE PARTIES.-CHEAP RETURN TICKETS are issued to parties of not less than SIX First-Class, or TEN Third-Class Passengers, desirous of taking Pleasure Excursions to places on or adiacent to this Railway. For particulars, apply to the Station-masters, or to the Superintendent of the Line at Derby. JOHN NOBLE, General Manager. DERBY 1887,j 96 RAILWAYS. GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY. TOURIST ARRANGEMENTS. First, SECOND, and TarrD Cass TourIst TicKETS, available for two months, and renewable, with exceptions, up to Dec. 31st, are issued during the Summer months of each year, AT THE PRINCIPAL STATIONS: ON THIS RarLway, to the Watering and other places of attraction in the WEST OF ENGLAND, including :— . CLEVEDON, LYNTON, ToRQUAY. St. Ives. WESTON- SUPER-MARE, EXETER. PLYMOUTH. PENZANCE. MINEHEAD. DARTMOUTH. DEVONPORT. ScrLtLy ISLANDS, BARNSTAPLE, DAWLISH. TRURO. ' DORCHESTER. ILFRACOMBE. TEIGNMOUTH. FALMOUTH. WerymMouTH, & THE Fowey. NEWTON ABBOT. NEw Quay. CHANNEL ISLANDS. To North and South Wales, including— ‘ as DOLGELLY. LLANDUDNO. BANGOR. TINTERN. CARDIGAN. BaRMOUTH, PENMAENMAWR. CARNARVON. SWANSEA. TENBY, ABERYSTWITH BLAENAU:FESTINIOG. HOLYHEAD. PEMBROKE, RHYL. BETTWS-Y-COED. CHEPSTOW., NEw MILFORD. To Buxton. WINDERMERE. EDINBURGH. WHITBY. IsLE OF MAN, ScARBOROUGH, GLASGOW: MATLOCK. To BRIGHTON. St. LEONARDS, IsLE oF WIGHT. MARGATE, HASTBOURNE. HASTINGS. RAMSGATE. DOVER. . And to WATERFORD, CoRK, LaxkeEs or KILLARNEY. DUBLIN, ETO, Passengers holding 1st or 2d Class Tourist Tickets to the principal stations in the West of England can travel by the 11.45 a.m. Fast Train from Padding- ton, which reaches Exeter in four hours and a quarter, and Plymouth in 6 hours and 10 minutes ; or by the 3.0 p.m. Fast Train from Paddington, which reaches Exeter in the same time, and Plymouth in 5 hours and 55 minutes. Tourists by the GREAT WESTERN LINE—-THE BROAD GAUGE ROUTE TO THE WEST OF ENGLAND—pass through the most picturesque scenery in Devon- shire and Cornwall, extending from Exeter to Plymouth, Falmouth, St. Ives, Penzance, and the Land’s End ; while the Broad Gauge Carriages. running in the Fast "Express Trains to and from the West of England, for which they have been specially built, are THE FINEST RAILWAY CARRIAGES IN ORDINARY USE IN THE KINGDOM. Holders of Tourist, Tickets are allowed to break their journey at several stations en route, and visit at their leisure places of interest in the vicinity. The holders of ordinary tickets between London and Exeter, and places west thereof, are also allowed, both in summer and winter, to break their journey at Bath, Bristol, Taunton, or Exeter, and proceed the next day,—an arrange- ment which conduces largely to the comfort of invalids and others to whom a lengthened railway journey is objectionable. FAMILY CARRIAGES (with lavatories and other conveniences), asiiathing compartments for servants, can be engaged on payment of not less than Four First-Class and Four Second-Class Fares, Application for, these carriages should be made to the Superintendent of the Line, Paddington, some days before the proposed date of the journey, in order to prevent disappointment. For particulars of the various Circular Tours, Fares, and other information, see the Company’s Tourist. Programmes, which can be obtained at the Stations and Booking Offices. J. GRIERSON, Generel Manager. RAILWAYS, 97 YOCALEDONTAN RAILWAY. “IN SCOTLAND. THE CALEDONIAN Rattway Company have arranged a system of Tours—over 100 in number—by Rail, Steamer (on Sea, River, and Loch), and Coach, comprehending almost every place of interest either for scenery or historical associations throughout Scotland, including: on EDINBURGH, GLASGOW, ABERDEEN, DUNDEE, INVERNESS, GREENOCK, PAISLEY, DUMFRIES, MOFFAT, PEEBLES, STIRLING, _.. PERTH, CRIEFF, DUNKELD, OBAN, INVERARAY, . The Trossachs, Loch Katrine, Loch Lomond, Loch Eck, Loch Earn, Loch Tay, | Loch Awe, Caledonian Canal, Glencoe, Iona, Stafia, Skye, Balmoral, Braemar, Arran, Bute, The Firth of Clyde, The Falls of Clyde, &c. dc. £27, TOURISTS are recommended to procure a copy of the Caledonian Railway Com- pany’s ‘‘ Tourist Guide,” which contains descriptive notices of the Districts embraced in ’ the Tours, Maps, Plans, &e., and can be had at any of the Company’s Stations, and also _-at the chief Stations on the London and North-Western Railway, and which are supplied _gratis to.the chief Hotels, Hydropathics, Steamboats, &c., in Great Britain and Ireland. Tickets for these Tours are issued at the Company’s Booking Offices at all the chief — Towns. . The Tourist Season generally extends from JuNE to SEPTEMBER, inclusive. The Caledonian Co. also issue Tourist Tickets to the Lake District of England, » The Isle of Man, Connemara, The Lakes of Killarney, &c. - The Caledonian Railway, in conjunction with the London and North-Western att Railway, forms what is known as the WEST COAST ROUTE BETWEEN SCOTLAND AND ENGLAND. DIRECT TRAINS RUN FROM AND TO GLASGOW, EDINBURGH, GREENOCK, PAISLEY, STRANRAER, STIRLING, OBAN, PERTH, DUNDEE, ABERDEEN, INVERNESS, and other Placesin Scotland, TO AND FROM ': LONDON (Euston), BIRMINGHAM, LIVERPOOL, MANCHESTER, PRESTON, PENRITH (for Lake District), LEEDS, BRADFORD, and other Places in England. Sleeping and; Day Saloon Carriages. Through Guards and Conductors. The Caledonian Company’s Trains from and to Edinburgh, Glasgow, Carlisle, &., connect on the Clyde with the ‘‘Columba,” ‘‘lona,” ‘‘Lord of the Isles,” ‘‘ Ivanhoe,” and other steamers to and from Dunoon, Innellan, Rothesay, Largs, Millport, the Kyles (of Bute, Arran, Campbeltown, Ardrishaig, Inveraray, Loch Goil, Loch Long, &. &c, A new and improved Train Service is nowrun between Glasgow and Edinburgh, the tourney being performed by Express Trains in 65 minutes. 110; An Express service of Trains is also run from Edinburgh and Glasgow to Stirling, Oban, Perth, Dundee, Aberdeen, and the North ; and vice versa. : For particulars of Trains, Fares, &c., see the Caledonian Railway Co,’s Time Tables. The Caledonian Company’s large and magnificent CENTRAL ‘STATION HOTEL, GLASGOW, Is under the Company’s own Management. JAMES THOMPSON, Guascow, 1887. ° General Manager. 98 RAILWAYS, GLASGOW & SOUTH-WESTERN RAILWAY. DIRECT ROUTE BETWEEN . SCOTLAND & ENGLAND. Through Trains are run between GLASGOW (St. Enoch) and LONDON St. EBUSEASs via bbe CLIO & SOUTH-WESTERN and MIDLAND RAILWAYS, ==2>— siving a Direct and Expeditious Service between Glasgow, Greenock, Paisley, Ayr, Ardrossan, Kil- marnock, Dumfries, &c., and Liverpool, Man- sl } chester, Bradford, Leeds, BULL NA Bristol, Bath, mT at oe ES - Sirmingham, London, &e. PULLMAN DRAW- = nreety Ne Se ING-ROOM AND SLEEPING GORE are run = “the Morning and HKivening EXpress Trains between GLASGOW and LONDO Tourist’Lickets are issued from the principal-Stations on the Glasgow and South-Western Railway to. LONDON, BRIGHTON, ISLE OF WIGHT, BOURNEMOUTH, and numerous places of interest.in ‘the South and South-West of England; to BATH, HARROGATE, BUXTON, .MATLOCK, MALVERN, and other fayourive resorts 5 also to the English LAKE DISTRICT, ‘ISLE: OF MAN, &e., &e. NORTH OF IRELAND & ENGLAND, via LARNE, STRANRAER, & ANNAN, In connection with the Short Sea Passage between Larne, and Stranraer, convenient ex- press Trains are run:-between Larne and. Belfast and the Principal Towns and-Places of Interest in the North of Ireland; also between Stranraer, Carlisle, Liver 001, Manchester, Bristol, Birmingham, London, and the principal. Towns in Eng and. and Wales, PULLMAN SLEEPING: ‘CARS are run between STRANRAER and LONDON, ane vice versa, by the Night Express Trains in connection with the Larne and ‘Stranraer eamers, Ordinary and Tourist Tickets are issued by. this Route between England and IRELAND. FIRTH OF CLYDE AND WEST HIGHLANDS, va-GREENOCK. EXPRESS and FAST, TRAINS -are. run at convenient hours. between GLASGOW (St. Enoch Station) and GREENOCK (liynedoch St, and Princes Pier Stations), in direct. connection with the ‘‘ CoLumBa,” “ GRENADIER, ” “Tona.” ‘* LORD OF THE ISLEs, * and other Steamers sailing to and from Kirn, Dunoon, Innellan, Rothe- say, Kyles. of, Bute, Ardrishaig, Oban, Inveraray, Kilereggan, Kilmun, Lochgoil- -_ head, Garelochhead, &c, = Through Carriages are run by certain —=—“Sa=s + Trains between GREENOCK (Princes Pier) and + EDINBURGH EE a and. rie the Morning and: Evening Express Trains between GREENOCK (Princes Pier) and LONDON (St. Pancras). RETURN TICKETS issued to Coast Towns ‘are available for RETURN AT ANY‘ TIME. Passengers aré landed at Princes Pier Station, from whence there ‘is a Covered Way to the Pier, where the Steamers call; and Passengers’ Luggage is conveyed FREE OF CHARGE between the Stations and the Steamers, ARRAN AND THE AYRSHIRE COAST. An’ Express and’ Fast Train Service’ “is given’ between GLASGOW: (St. Enoch), PAISLEY, and TROON, PRESTWICK, ‘AYR, ARDROSSAN, FAIRLIE; LARGS;,:&e. From ARDROSSAN ‘the Splendid Saloon Steamer “SCOTIA ” sails ‘daily to and from the ISLAND OF ARRAN, in connection with the Express Train Service. Baas IRELAND. A NIGHTLY SERVICE is given by the Royal Mail Steamers via Giedneele a via ean in connection with which Tourist Tickets are issued to KILLARNEY, CORK, CONNEM ARA, GIANT'S CAUSEWAY, &e. For portieulans as to Trains and Steamers see the Company’ s Time Tables. Glasgow, April 1887. JOHN MORTON, Secretary and General. Manager. RAILWAYS; “099 GREAT SCUTHERN AND WESTERN RAILWAY, IRELAND. LAKES OF JF KILLARNEY. RAILWAY | HOTEL APs OINS Lorp: Kenmare’s Demesne, and is situated within easy distance of Ross Castle, Muckross Abbey and Grounds, the Gap of Dunloe, and the principal points of interest. This Hotel,.the largest in the. Lake District, possesses unusually good accommodation for Tourists and Families, including spacious and well-furnished Ladies’ Drawing Room, Writing, Reception, Billiard, Smoking, Dining, and Private Sitting Rooms. |. All the-Publi¢ and Private Sitting Rooms are oe eae — Pianofortes. Lawn Tennis in the Hotel Grounds. Tha Porters of the: Hotel awast the arrival of each Train for the removal: ov lof Luggage, dc. The Manager personally undertakes the formation of Excursion Parties with a view to their:comfort and.économy. The Lakes afford excellent Saimon and Trout Fishing. Boats, oe pda 2 PonIES, &c., WITH STEADY ATTENDANTS, ALWAYS READY FOR ENGAGEMENT. . Boatmen, Guides, Drivers, and other Servants of the Hotel are paid ample wages, and are not permitted to solicit Visitors for Gratuities. A Waggonette will run, from 1st J une to 30th September, between the Hotel and Ross Castle. Fare; 6d. each way. Fron MAY to OCTOBER, TOURISTS’ TICKETS from DUBLIN. TO KILLARNEY & BACK Will be issued’ by the Trains which run direct to Killarney, at the following Fares,: viz.—. First Ciass. SECOND Cuass. - Single Ticket for One Passenger... .£2 10 0 2 0. Do. Two Passengers 4.10..0 3 12-0 [iQo. Marx Wuitwiti: & Son, Bristol ;.M. Jonzs & Bro., Swansea; E. Taytor & Co., Cardiff; R. Burton & Son, Newport (Mon.); W. EH. Winitamus, Belfast ; D. MDoucatt, WILLIAM SLOAN & GO., 140 Hope Street, Glasgow. wo Greenocky or ABERDEEN ‘LONDON: ‘Average Passage 36 Hours. _— => a Fe THE ABERDEEN STEAM NAVIGATION CO.’S STEAMSHIPS BAN-RIGH, CITY OF LONDON, or CITY OF ABERDEEN, °° will be despatched (weather, etc., permitting) from ABERDEEN, and from The Aber- deen Steam Navigation Co.’s Wharf, Limehouse, LONDON, every Wednesday and Saturday. Fares—including Stewards’ Fees—Private Cabins accommodating four passengers, £6. Private Cabins, if oceupied by fewer than four passengers, £5. Single Tickets—Ist Cabin, 30s. ;) 2d Cabin, 15s. ; Children under‘14 years, 15s. and 10s. Return Tickets— available for six-months—45s..and. 25s, ; Children, 25s. and 165s. Notice to Passengers.—The Co.’s steam tender ‘Ich Dien’ will attend the Steamers on their arrival in London-for, the purpose of .conveying, Passengers-to the Temple Pier, Thames. Embankment ; she will also leave that Pier one hour before the advertised times of sailing, Conveying passengers only’'to the Aberdeen Steamers free of charge, ) Friends of passengers. wishing to accompany them to the Steamers, may do,so on getting-written per- mission fronv the Company’s Agent. Porters will be in attendance to carry the Luggage on board. For further particulars apply to Joun A. CLINKSKILL, Agent, The Aberdeen Steam Navigation Co.’s Wharf, Limehouse; and 102 Queen Victoria Street, E.C., London ; or to’‘CHARLES SHEPHERD, Manager, Waterloo Quay, Aberdeen. STEAMERS. 103 -hELTH AND LON DON, THE LONDON & EDINBURGH SHIPPING COMPANY’S SPLENDID FAST-SAILING SCREW-STEAMSHIPS > METEOR (New Steamer), ~JONA, MALVINA, MARMION, MORNA, OR OTHER OF THE COMPANY'S STEAMERS : (Lighted by Electricity), Sail from VICTORIA Dock, LEITH, every’ Wednesday, Friday, 2. Tae day afternoon ; and from HERMITAGE STEAM WHARF, LONDON, every Tuesday, Wednesday, and Satwrday morning. For Rates of Freight and Fares, apply to Toomas AITKEN, 8 & 9 Commercial Street, Leith. CIRCULAR TOURS. GLASGOW AND THE OUTER HEBRIDES. ONE Week’s Pleasure Sailing by the splendid sea-going Steamer HEBRIDEAN, sailing from, Glasgow and Greenock on, Mondays for Oban, Mull, Skye, Barra, Uist, etc., affords the Tourist a splendid opportunity of viewing the magnificent scenery of the ‘West of Skye and the Outer Hebrides. _ N: B.:—During the Season special trips are made to the far-famed island of St. Kilda, when passengers are given facilities for landing; also to Loch Rony, from which.the Druidical remains at Callernish may be visited. Time anes Maps of Route, Cabin Plans, and Berths secured at JOHN M‘CALLUM & CO., 12 Ann 8t., City, Glasgow. GLASGOW AND THE HIGHLANDS. .\) WEEKLY CIRCULAR TOUR. ~ [HE Favourite Steamer DuNARA CasTLE sails from Glasgow every Thursday at 12 Noon, and from Greenock at 7:p.m., for Colonsay, Iona, Bunessan, Tyree, Barra, Uist, Skye, and Harris, returning to Glasgow on Wednesdays. ' Affords to ‘Tourists the opportunity of about a-week’s comfortable Sea Voyage, and at the same time a: Bahor- amic View: of the magnificent scenery of the:Outer Hebrides. CABIN Fare (superior sleeping accommodation), 45s. ; CUISINE. (excellent)— Breakfast, 2s.; Dinner, 2s. 6d. ; Tea, 2s... Time Bills he Maps) and Berths secured on application to — MARTIN ORME, 20 Robertson Street, Guscaw 104 STEAMERS, TO TOURISTS. LEITH AND ABERDEEN TO NORWAY. FULL particulars (and Hand-Book, 6d.) of the Tourist Service by the Splendid New Steamship St. SUNNIVA to the West Coasts and Fiords of Norway may be obtained at the Offices men- tioned below. STEAM FROM LEITH TO ABERDEEN, CAITHNESS, ORKNEY, AND SHETLAND. Tue North of Scotland and Orkney ‘and Shetland Steam Navigation Company’s Royal Mail Steamships ‘‘Sr. Rognvatp,” ‘Sr. Macenus,” ‘«Sr,. Nronoxas,” “‘Str. Carr,” and ‘‘QuEEN,” sail from ALBERT DooK, Leith, to seo ABERDEEN . , ‘ j , Four times a week, CAITHNESS . 4 ; ; ) Twice a week. ORKNEY AND. SHETLAND .. : Three times a week. Special Tourist Tickets during the Season. Bills of Sailings, Plans of Cabins, Maps of Routes, Guide Books). iat si to be had on application to CHARLES Murry.ens, Manager, Aberdeen ; or Grorce Hourstron, Agent, 64 Constitution mies Letth; and 18 Waterloo Place, Edinbur pip Berths secured at 18 Waterloo Place, Edinburgh. CHEAPEST AND SHORTEST ROUTE BETWEEN: > ENGLAND AND. NORWAY. May to September. HE fast, first- tans Norwegian Royal Mail Steamer Norge, 920 tons eros’ ieteta, Captain F, Wress, leaves Newcastle-on-Tyne for Bergen every Thursday evening at 7 o’clock, and leaves Bergen for Newcastle every Saturday evening’ at'? o'clock, A SPECIAL SrEaM TENDER conveys passengers and their luggage to and from the Norge find leaves the Ferry Landing at Newcastle Quay (5. minutes’ ceive from the Station) every Tuesday at 6 p.m RES :—First Class, £3; Return £5. Including all meals and ‘Steward’s fees (wines, etc., extra). Average passage, 6 hours. For Passage, Freight, or other informa- tion, apply ‘to P, G@. HaLvorsEn, Bergen, owner; or to the Agents, BORRIES, GRAIG, & Co., Neweastle-on-Tyne, “ANCHOR LINE.” STEAMERS. 105 Transatlantic, Peninsular, Mediterranean, and Oriental Steamships. Tons. ‘Tons. | Tons. * Tons. co econ . /1081, Bones . 4050: Enysta |. 2713} Onympra’\.:' 2051 ALEXANDRIA 2017 | BRITANNIA . 3069 Eraiopra 4004] Persia’. 8547 AusatiA .° 2810] CALEDONIA. 2151! Express . | RouMANTA © 8387 AnoHoRIA 4167.) Catirornia .. 3410 | Furnessta 5495 |*Scanpinaviall38 ARABIA . 38544|Orecassta’. 4272 | *HespERIA 3037 | SHAMROCK ARMENIA . 3395 Crry or Rome 8415 | Hispania 3380 | *Srmponzan . 1382 Asta _.,.. 3560} ConumBia . .2029.}INpDIA .... 2476 | THREE BROTHERS ASSYRIA.... 2022 | DespatoH Ivara. ©. » 2248|*Trrnacria 2256 AUSTRALIA 2252) DEVONIA 4970 | *KARAMANIA3148 | *Tyrr1an . 1039 BELGRAVIA 4976| Dorman. . .1038 | Nupra..... 3551] Utopia’... 2731 * Do not carry Cabin Passengers. VicToRIA . 38358 - GLASGOW. TO NEW YORK, Via MOVILLE, Every Tuurspay. GREAT REDucTIon IN FARES. chen ag to New York, Boston, or PHILADELPHIA—First. Class, £9: 9s. to iat 128. 5 , ‘Second Class, £6:6s.; Steerage, at Lowest Rates. LIVERPOOL TO NEW YORK (EXPRESS SERVICE). | “Carrying the British and American Mails. . "8.8. CITY OF ROME, 8415 Tons—11th May, 8th June, 6th July, 8d Aug., 31st Aug., aii 28th Sept. First Class, 12 to 25 Gns. ; Second Class, £7 ; Steerage, at Lowest Raté aon: "MEDITERRANEAN SERVICE. Glasgow for Lisbon, Gibraltar, Genoa, Leghorn, Naples, Messina, Palermo, and Trieste, Fortnightly. RATES OF PASSAGE. CaBIN FarE—Glasgow to Lisbon, £6:6s.; Gibraltar, £8:8s.; Bohok £12 :12s.; Leghorn, £13 :138s.; Naples, £14; 14s.; Trieste, £16:16s.; Messina, Catania, or Palermo (via Italy), £16:16s. Passengers are found in a Liberal Table, and all necessaries, except Wines and Liquors, which can be had on board at moderate ees No Steward s Fee. INDIAN. SERVICE. Steamers are Despatched from Glasgow and Liverpool to Bombay and Calcutta (via Suez Canal) at regular intervals, carrying Passengers on the most advantageous terms. Passage Money to Calcutta, £50; to Bombay, £47 :10s. All Papsengaya; =< embark at Liverpool. Appa to HENDERSON Broruurs, 20 Mount Stuart Square, Cardiff ; 1 Panmure Street, Dundee ; 17 Water Strect,* Liverpool; 57. Union Street, Glasgow : 30. Foyle Street, Londonderry ; Scott Square, Queenstown ; 3 Rue Scribe, Paris; 2 Rue Noailles, Marseilles ; Gibraltar; Trieste; Vienna; 7 Bowling Green, ‘New York ; 7 and 9 State Street, Boston ; 48-South: Clark Street, Chicago ;-J."C. BAINES, Antwerp ‘WILLIAM MILLER, ‘Léghorn 3 CHARLES FIGOLI, ‘Genoa; Mascakenuas & Cox, Lisbon; CLEMENS & PeTrersen,; Malaga; The: Sons of Tos, Haynes, Cadiz; W™:. JAFFRAY; Almeria ; Dart & Co., Valencia and: Denia ;.O.: F..GoLtLeHeEer, Malta 5 0, D1 BENEDETTO, Catania ; F. TaGLiavia & Co., Messina ; Horm & Co., Naples.; Ga. L, Top, Palermo ; Macquay, Hooker, & Co., Rome; d,, Ds WAAL, Rotterdam; W. Worr, 1 Bergedorferstr. "Hamburg; CHARLES Dr MiEst, Venice ; Ww, &, A. GRAHAM &, .Co.,, Bombay; ,Grawam & .Co., Caleutta ; RAHM FAR BEEP» B & Co,; Colombo ; Bazin & Co., Port Said; G, Breyts &Co., Suez, nid ;HENDERSON, BROTHERS, urs 47 Union Street, Glasgow. 106 STEAMERS—MISCELLANEOUS. GRANTON TO FAROE ISLES AND ICELAND, HE ROYAL DANISH MAIL STEAMERS “ LAURA,” “ THYRA, Pe ‘and ROMNY, f will sail as under during 1887 :— Granton to Faroe and Iceland,—10th* May, 1st* June, 18th June, sth* July, : 21st July, 6th* Aug., Ist* Sept., 1st Oct., 10th Nov. ; Iceland to Faroe and Granton.—3d" Jt une, Ist® July, 29th June, 31st* July, 5th Aug., 28th* Aug, 24th* Sept., 19th Oct., 29th Nov... , * These Voyages the Steamers sail round Iceland, calling at the Chief Ports. - For Freight or Passage apply to ~ GEO. V. TURNBULL & CO., ‘Leith and Granton, Agents for the United Steamship ‘Company of Copenhagen. STEAM BETWEEN SCOTLAND AND ICELAND.: NOTICE TO TOURISTS, ANGLERS, & SPORTSMEN, Tue. First-Class Screw Steamship a CAMOENS, » 1264 Tons Register, 170 H:P., or other Steamer, “will leave AN LEITH for ICELAND (unless prevented by unforeseen Sees circumstances) regularly. during the Summer and ‘Anta = ein! eenbatas Anglers, and Sportsmen an excellent. opportunity of visit- ing that ‘inter esting Country, its Geysers, Burning Mountains, famous | Salman Rivers, Reindeer Grounds, &e. The 8.8. ‘‘CAMOENS” is:a full- powered, fast Steamer, with: superior "Passenger accommodation ; has spacious Saloon, Ladies’ Cabin, State Rooms, and Smoke Room. First CaBIN, £5; Rerurn TIcKeEtT (available for the Season), £8. Separate State Rooms may be had by special agreement. For Sailing Bills, Plans of Cabin (Guide Books, 5s. and 1s.), and further information apply to R. & D. SLIMON, Leith. FRY’S COCOA.” ASK YOUR “AND COPY GROCER. FOR nto OF O8 SAMPLE TESTIMONIALS, TRADE MARK. FRY’S PURE CONCENTRATED COCOA Prepared by a new and special scientific process, securing extreme solubility; ‘and developing the finest flavour of the Cocoa: Sir C, A. Cameron, M.D., President: of W. H. R. STANLEY, ™M. D.—‘TI consider the Royal College of Surgeons. Treland, etc. | it a very rich delicious Cocoa. It‘is highly —‘T have never “tasted Cocoa ‘that I like’ so | Concentrated, and therefore economical well, and I strongly recommend it as a | asafamily food, Itis the drink par excellence substitute for tea for young persons.’ for children, and gives no trouble in making.’ 33. PRIZE MEDALS AWARDED TO THE FIRM. MISCELLANEOUS. 107 BERTHON PORTABLE. BOATS AND CANOES, For. Pacht and Steam Launch Dinghies, ak and i gai Shooting Punis. A - LARGE VARIETY AT THE NEW LONDON SHOW ROOM 50" mt apes ee) ee EG: “7.£t, Fishing Boater Price £8: 2s, Complete. “14 Prize’ Medals awarded, including 2 Gold Medals and Special Prize for. Best Portable Boat at the International Fisheries Exhibition, 1883, and Gold Medals at. the Calcutta International Exhibition, 1884, and Edinburgh Exhibition, 1886, ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUES AND PRICE LISTS FREE ON APPLICATION. Dinghies and Canoes Sitted with centre boards for sailing now on view at the London “2 BERTHON BOAT COMPANY, LIMITED.—WORKS: ROMSEY, HANTS. 108 MISCELLANHOUS, By Appoimimens. to rus oi rel ihe ae of i hee ” AND STRONG DRESS BASKETS, 87 WEST STRAND, LONDON. NEW ILLUSTRATED; CATALOGUE OF REGISTERED AND PATENTED ARTICLES, POST FREE, ALLEN’S CONTINENTAL SOLID LEATHER TRUNK. VERY LIGHT AND STRONG. Extra Secure Lock. ALLEN’S EXPANDING PORTMANTEAU contains ¢ Separate division for Boots. 99 9 for Soiled Linen. ot ‘3 for Shirts. » # for High Hat, ete. Will go under. Railway Seat or Steamer Berth. - ALLEN’S..BAGS, FITTED AND UNFITTED. \ Write for Catalogue of these {i well-known: fore « ALLEN’S Overland Trunks. From 80s. AN IMMENSE STock To SELECT FROM, MISCELLANEOUS, 109 “MOURNING FOR FAMILIES. VAY - experienced DRESSMAKERS and MILLINERS travel to any part of the Kingdom, free of expense to purchasers. They take with them dresses and millinery, besides patterns of Materials, at 1s. per yard and upwards, allmarked in plain figures, and at same price as if purchased at the Warehouse, in Regent-st. Reasonable estimates are also given for Household Mourning, at a great saving to large or small families. Funerals at stated charges conducted in London or Country. ween abhi it \ ‘ J AY’S; The London General Mourning Warehouses REGENT STREET, LONDON, W. 110 MISCELLANEOUS, NOW READY, THE TARTANS OF THE CLANS OF SCOTLAND. CONTENTS Portrait in colours of His Roya HIGHNEss Tae “DuKE or Roruesay in Highland Dress (Evening Costume), by J. B. M‘Donatp, R.S.A. Preface. Historical Account of each Clan, by JAMEes Grant, Author of The Romance of War, &c. Armorial Bearings of the Chief of each Clan, illuminated in Gold and Colours. The Badges, War-Cries, and Marches of the Clans. Map of the Highlands of Scotland divided into Clans. LIST OF TARTANS REPRESENTED. Buchanan. Gunn. MacIntyre. Menzies. Cameron, Erracht. Jacobite. MacKay. Monro. Cameron, Lochiel. Lamond, MacKenzie. Murray, Athole. Campbell, Argyll. Leslie. MacKinnon. _ | Murray, Tullibar- Campbell, Breadal- | MacAlister. MacLachlan, --. |<. dine. ~ bane. | MacAulay. ~ |-MacLaren. | Ogilvie, — Campbell, Cawdor. MaeDonald. MacLean of Duart. Rob Roy. Campbell, Loudoun. | MacDonald, Clan- | Maclaine of Loch- | Robertson. Chisholm. ranald. _buie. Ross. » Clergy. MacDonald, Glen- | MacLeod. Skene. Colquhoun. garry. MacNab. | Sinclair, Cumin. MacDonald, Slate. | MacNaughton. Stewart, Dress. Drummond. MacDonald, Staffa. || MacNeil. Stewart, Hunting. Farquharson, MacDougal. | MacPherson. Stewart, Old. Fergusson, MacDuff. MacPherson, Hunt- | Stewart, Prince Forbes. ‘MacFarlane. ing. ~ Charles. ; Fraser. MacGillivray. MacQuarrie. Stewart, Royal. Gordon. MacGregor. MacRae. Sutherland, Graham. MacIntosh. Malcolm. ue ae Grant. MacIntosh, Chief. Matheson. CONDITIONS OF PUBLICATION. The Work, in Imperial Quarto, is Full-Bound Cloth, having the Royal Arms of Scot- land illuminated in metals and colours. Of this issue there are 900 copies, and the rice £2:2s. An Edition de Luxe is published in Imperial Folio, limited to 100 copies. n this edition the Tartans are, mounted on tinted Boards and varnished ; the volume is Full-Bound Morocco, Gilt. Each copy is numbered and rae Biche the Beereeee I The price is £8 : 8s. ; Reviews. ‘‘Sumptuous in outward appearance, finished with exquisite faite eine, and full withal of sound historical information, at once curious, interesting, and accurate, no such work concerning the.‘ Garb of Old Gaul’ has ever been issued at all approaching in beauty or accuracy to the magnificent folio just sent out by the old and enterprising firm of Messrs. W, & A. K. Johnston of Edinburgh.”—Glasgow Herald, 26th January 1886. “Both outwardly and inwardly—binding, letterpress, and illustrations—it is, in truth, a splendid volume, the most sumptuous, we should be disposed to say, and ex- quisitely finished in -its every possible detail, that has ever issued from the Scottish press.” —Oban Times, 6th February 1886. ‘*Messrs. W. & A. K. Johnston have published a large _ handsome work on the Clan Tartans of Scotland, which leaves little to be desired in the matter either of the engraved and coloured plates or the accompanying letterpress. The skill, beauty, and delicacy displayed in the illustrations, and the great taste and effectiveness of the large majority of the patterns can be freely commended.” —The Scotsman, 26th February 1886. ‘*Preciseness in such a matter is, of course, all important, and the great merit of Messrs. Johnston’s volume will consist in fixing, in a permanent form, the exact patterns and colours of the historical Tartans of Scotland, for the use of present and future generations.”’—The Bookseller, 6th January 1886. ‘‘ Nothing can excel the accuracy and beauty with which the cloth, both in colour and texture, has been imitated in these plates. Each plate, moreover, is accompanied by a few notes on the clan to which the particular tartan appertains.” —Chambers's Journal, 8rd March 1886. W. & A. K. JOHNSTON, EDINBURGH: EDINA WORKS, EASTER ROAD, Aanp 16 SOUTH. ST. ANDREW. STREET. ~~. “LONDON : 5 WHITE HART STREET, WARWICK LANE, ‘E. ©. 1886. MISCELLANEOUS. 111 THE SUMMER SUN. Ladies playing tennis, boating, yachting, driving, and all éxposed tx, the scorching rays of the sun and heated particles ‘of dust, will find ROWLANDS’ © KALYDOR most cooling, soothing and refreshing to the face, hands and arms;-it™ ° eradicates freckles, tan, sunburn, stings of insects, roughness, redness) etc.; renders the skin soft, smooth and white, and produces.a beautiful and delicate complexion ; it removes the baneful effects of sea bathing om the skin; it is warranted free from mineral or poisonous ingredients, or oxide of zinc, of which most cosmetics: are composed, and. is perfectly ™ harmless to the most delicate skin, ROWLANDS? MACASSAR OIL prevents: the hair falling off or becoming dry during summer, ROWLAN DS’ ODONTO is Sere he ei ; and nonegritty tooth powder. Ask for ROWLA 20, Hatton Garden, London: Sold everywhere. ROWLANDS’ KALYDOR can now be had iin bottles of half the usual size at 2s. 3d. each, TO HER MAJESTY. ALFRED BURGOINE, Yacht, Steam Launch, Boat, and Canoe Bilin High Street, Kingston-on-Thames, and Hampton Wick. GOLD AND BRONZE MEDALS, FISHERIES, 1883. SILVER MEDAL, INVENTIONS, 1885. GOLD MEDAL, EDINBURGH, 1886. GOLD MEDAL, GLASGOW, 1886-7. By Special Royal. Appointment. SPEARMAN’S DEVON SERGES. PURE WOOL ONLY. FOR ALL SEASONS OF THE YEAR. ~~.” PLAIN GOLOURS, CHECKS, AND MIXTURES. STRONG! USEFUL! DURABLE! For Ladies’ Wear . Smet F ls. 6d. to 4s, 6d. the yard. For Gentlemen’s Suits! F 2s. 1ld.to 10s. 6d. the yard. On Receipt of Trgieuchinne Samples will be sent Post Free. N.B. re aad length cut and carriage paid to principal stations in the United Kingdom, ; ONLY ADDRESS—NO AGENTS: SPEARMAN. .SPEARMAN., PLYMOUTH. articles, of * } ‘98 pus ‘AouvUseLg Jo ZuNTUIOA 9 : VLUodm ‘ersperno x $ in “VIALLSA ‘NOILViIdTvda , ‘Orro0n Rates ete c ¢ tpa wyno Apes SNXUOUOTHD Recumad vant eficn amity winches sot B.ANMOUT SITTOO ‘¢ “HUH |dowes om ‘ops 1093 wol; SuIZpnf.‘pue “peysnvyxS eT wWojshs snoA SIvezEq may = 5 OU} 0} pozeseyer Mou _-19u 90} SALVUOY pues ‘apAoy eas ‘Aes 03 4 O"L-sul0y USIpUy-o[ sry L100 Ut goed 8 SUIPUY SI JO IBST 09 PBIZ eq [TVs 4 3} Avs 03 peyjorsex Jy8IeqTep sva UvUr "sa0T} ej UOwOL esTey A eGrrago rnd ealooop suosred WSU SB ‘ATBSSOOOU ST UOIINVO STI, | .. casas aq 4ysnwm euckpo.r10 8 ,CUMOIET dey ors oA ‘spuvigq roqjo © |, 7A TTA [eoRjuep! st punoduroo #.48q3 - A pure ‘poziodunt s] 10}}0q wzeujoyM (20% OU2 C0ulS pus (uO eUTUITTe SuLAop "post ‘uast Lop ‘sonny oy,7 seg wo moy4senbd yonuroA ‘AIITIGN TeIeues Jo Troe Bb SENMOUE SITTOO 'f “a pee pd ig otis 1040 Te 712801 ieuotutco oo pee MOLAR SS s ae Se Se uve 101 E8489 ie + Soe Ss aay See HHOVHELOOL AT39nf st tomeyndar peerdsepral et {NI a TOs ba quMOIg Id “ANAC 7, SONVO ‘LQOD ‘VINTVwOe modn “nod o3¥[N4B1SU00 eM—‘AIG AVEC CLO THO PIOM eu} peuToo eq Yordsa HX WAL 3 s) ZNAGCOUOTHO 0881.‘9 ‘uve “epung ‘s}sTUIEUD (#899 Tepe AUT 2481) TNMOUL SONMOUT SITIOO ‘c “aN Moynccvmerg “op 7 sang mous O07 1 ANACONOTHO, ( i 1S ‘asus # foi A oy Runooog | « VDHUAVIC O HNaTHAO AT SANMOU SITTOO ‘fa ! a Re vig Reman isagse oy as are = OD Bae er orate . «7 et Ciyrey TI Oe OA ee jueryed ue. /gtetousus 4yPw1ues esop BuO WV 4) ‘SULTHONO’ | ; oguiosord 044sTUIeYO oy} Joyredetj uo Y &Y SLOW H 9°03 LAOaTa ‘Topu WHELS WzPey FO YORorg oyBroqrepesiseumorg | HUIVAH Jo CAVOd TVEANAD sa'rIoO STIOD Usyy Joqjo Aus jo uoNNnyysqus |AWHINASAG ‘VMOHwUY ‘sHpno eq} 48q} WorUIdo yo ere om se ‘onqnud ‘WuaR'TOHO os 8} PUB UOTssoyord oy} 04 a0 9M Aqnp si JO osmes B TOT} O8]8 pu ‘480q 943 ATpap Wor “TOOD ST 41 483 UOIOTAUOO ULI G WIOIy olatouds ‘¥ SUMOIG ST[OD UST} eUTDIpeM #1 ‘0 LYZAD AHL Woy 10730 Aue pan feed savatans ; ANKCOYOTHD ORIGINAG AND b sts t : SAN MONG SITION ONLY GEN UINE, DAW Va a Va Aw Uae Ir. Eicwne coined the word Chlorodyne wherewith to designate his discovery, consequently to apply the word to other compounds is as dishonest as it is absurd. MISCELLANEOUS. 113 CVITIES [Freese PRESSOR perPost, for 2/9: \MALTED a2 y Axe Si rs ‘ i : re a. Me Infants: ‘or-lnvalids. yi being -lighrer & | AS \ tha an any others 28 jo~* 2 Na ee fi) TWODISTINCT KINDS:- 1/6 THIN seater OxTcanes, PER TIN, CZ denbargfes” THICK eBurter QATCAKES. 114 MISCELLANEOUS. CANTRELL AND COCHRANE’S WORLD-RENOWNED TABLE WATERS. The ACME of PERFECTION, —L— va Woodstock Street, Oxford St., W. London Depot: Manchester, 1887. Manufacturers by Special Appointment to H.R.H. the PRINCE of WALES. PPSSOOSS OS SOCSPSHSSOOVOS XATORES: -DUBLIN & BELEFAsT. P. & J. HAGGART, BREADALBANE MILLS and KELTNEY BURN MILLS, ABERFELDY, N.B., Manufacture HOME-GROWN WOOL into their well-known make of BREADALBANE DEER-STALKING and other TWEEDS in stylish checks, and a variety of HEATHER MIXTURES, suitable for Moor or Loch, and every-day wear. They also manufacture LADIES’ COSTUME TWEEDS, in Saxony or Home Wools. Winceys, Petticoat Stuffs, Genuine Scotch Blankets in Highland and Cheviot Wools, Bedcovers, Crumbcloths or Druggets (72 in. wide), in plain gray or fancy checks, made up to any size required. Sheeting. Plaiding. The correct sets of the leading Clan Tartans for Kilting or Ladies’ Dresses, in Cheviot and Saxony Wools. Plaids. Travelling Wraps in Tweed-Patterns, or Clans. Reversible Wraps. Socks and Knickerbocker Hose, hand-knitted, to size ; Home- spun Stocking Yarns in marls, mixtures, and native dyes. Caps and Hats of Home-spun Tweeds. ANY LENGTH CUT, SUIT OR DRESS LENGTHS BY PARCELS POST, PATTERNS ON APPLICATION, WM. WOOLLAMS & GCO., ORIGINAL MANUFACTURERS, _ ARTISTIC WALL-PAPERS, GUARANTEED FREE FROM ARSENIC, Show Rooms: 110 High Street, Manchester Square, London, W. (Sole Address.) Of all Decorators and Contractors. Seventeen Medals, including Gold Medal, International Health Exhibition. N.B.—Especially adapted to Mansions, Institutions, and Hotels, Sole purveyors for Belfast Waters to the Royal Jubilee Exhibition, “MODSV'ID “LS AWDUUAS SS FITS pusljoog sof yodeqg MISCELLANEOUS. 115 LAMBETH SANITARY ENGINEERING WORKS, “DOULTON & CO, ALBERT EMBANKMENT, LAMBETH, LONDON. ‘The Lambeth Patent COMBINATION CLOSET, Ei cc ca a ti The Closet—The Slop Sink—The Urinal. EINE p= ee. \ : reritt SBP teh ay - = COMPRISING All Parts are Open to Inspection— : Requires no Enclosure—Is Decorated o the Outside—Front of Basin Lipped to fll Form Urinal when Seat is Raised—13 : — inches of Water retained in Basin with i El SN a Water Area equal to Size of Hole in ; il Seat, thus: Reducing Chance of Soiling : [| il | | Basin. 0 | NB. arte Doulton & Co. are the : ie Original Manufacturers of this Class of [|= Closet. The Lambeth Patent | INSTANTANEOUS WATER BOILER Obviates necessity for expensive system, of Hot-Water Pipes—Is free from all injurious fumes—Has no visible condensation — Will instantaneously heat a stream of Cold Water at any hour of day or night, and to any ‘temperature up to boiling —NO DIRECT CONTACT of the GAS with the WATER— Water and Gas supplies are so arranged as to render it impossible to light the Gas without turning on the Water, thus preventing any chance of an accident common without this precaution. aA) Also Doulton’s Patent AUTOMATIC FLUSH TANKS & SYPHONS, for keeping Drains and Sewers free from Obstruction. ADVANTAGES :—Simplicity of Fixing, Freedom from Moving Parts, Facility of Inspection, Instantaneous Action with a Drop by Drop Supply. Price Lists Post Free on Application. SHOWROOMS—ALBERT EMBANKMENT, LONDON. 116 INSURANCE. FounDED 1805. Caledonian Insurance Company. “Income exceeds” SO ic eaed : £250, 000 ‘Funds exceed . ‘ : ‘4 21,100,000 Reserve Funds on a larger scale, eerie to the. carne than those of most other Offices. Income and Funds trebled within the last 20 years. Fire and Life Claims paid exceed 2} Millions Sterling. Complete Non-Forfeitable System. +5 Liberal Surrender Values, see Table in Prospectus. _ Profits may be applied to make the policy payable: during life. Manager and Actuary.—D. Dreucuar, F.1.A., and FRA. EDINBURGH, 19 George Street. GLASGOW, 64 St. Vincent Street. i DUNDEE, Albert Square. ABERDEEN, Albany Buildings, Bridge Street. LONDON, 82 King William Street, E.C., and 9 Craig’s Court, Charing Cross. ” MANCHESTER, ‘60 Spring Gardens. LIVERPOOL, C5 Hxchange: NEW METHOD OF LIFE ASSURANCE. ENGLISH AND SCOTTISH. LAW LIFH ASSURANCE ASSOCIATION. EsTaABLISHED 1839. ace CapiTat £1,000,000. INVESTED Funps £1,390,000. 120 Princes STREET, EDINBURGH : WILLIAM SMITH, Esq., LL. D., Manager. 12 WaTERLOO PLAcE, London: Francis HE. Conenso, Esq., F.1.A., Actuary. Trustees. The Right Hon. LORD HALSBURY, Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain. The Right Honourable the EARL OF GLASGOW, Lord Clerk-Register of Scotland. ; The Right Hon. LORD MONCREIFF, Lord Justice-Clerk of Scotland. “The Honourable LORD ADAM, one of the Judges of the Court of Session. The ‘Honourable SIR. WILLIAM V. FIELD, one of the Judges of the Supreme Court. EDWARD KENT KARSLAKE, Esgq., Q.C. j WILLIAM SMYTHE, Esq., of Methven. AN ENTIRELY NEW and ADVANTAGEOUS METHOD of LIFE ASSURANCE is now presented by the “DOUBLE” BENEFIT ENDOWMENT POLICIES of this Association, whereby the Sum assured is payable not only to the Assured himself on attaining a certain age, but also to his representatives at Death either before or after the former event. These Policies are Non-Forfeitable. Full Particulars on Rt Claims Payable on Proof of Death. Claims Paid exceed £2,401,000. . Nine-Tenths of Profits given to the Assured. Loans are granted, in connection with Life Assurance, on Life Interests, Reversions, Personal, and other approved Secur ities, “Liberal Conditions as to Foreign Residence. BRANCH OFFICES: GLascow—105 St. Vincent Street. | Dusnrn—41 Lower Sackville Street. INSURANCE, 117 Contmerctal ‘Anion Assurance Compary; Limiter. ¢ FIRE— LIFE-MARINE. Capital fully Subscribed. . ~ ==" 9,500,000 Life Fund in Special Trust for: Life Policyholders £1,000,000 Other Funds . ’ « = + &1,800,000 TOTAL INVESTED FUNDS, TWO AND ONE QUARTER MILLIONS. Total Net Annual Income “>”. : : - + 1,140,000 HEAD OFFICE:—19 & 20 CORNHILL, LONDON, E.C. j; WEST END OFFICE:—8 PALL MALL, LONDON, 8. W. HOME BRANCHES :—Manchester, Liverpool, Neweastle- on-Tyne, Leeds, Nottingh, Se eet Norwich, Bristol, Dublin, eae“! and Glasgow, ' é DIRECTORS. W. REIERSON ARBUTHNOT, Haq, Right Hon. A. J. MunpExLA, M.P, RopertT Barcray, Esq., of’ Barclay, Bevan, & Co. Sir Henry W. Pxerk, Bart., of Peek Brothers, & Co, W. MIppLEeTon CAMPBELL, Esq., of Hogg, Curtis, | P. P. Ropocanacui, Esq., of P. P, Rodocanachi Campbell, & Co. & Co. JzeremiuH Cotman, Esq., of J. & J: Pelee. ; THOS. RUSSELL, Esq., C.M.G. Sir James F. Garrice, Q,C., K.C.M. y P. G. SecuraRti, Esq., of Sochiarl Bros. & Co. ALFRED GILEs, Esq., M.P., 26 ‘Great Cece S8t..S W. | D. CoopER Scort, Esq. . Of Wilson, Sona, & Co., FREDERICK W. Harris, Esqs; of:-Harris & Dixon, i Limited, ; J ag be Hows, Esq., of Wm. Holms & Brothers. Joun P. Tare, Esq. F, LARKWORTHY, ¥sq., Bank of New Zealand. JOHN TROTTER, Esq., of John Trotter & Co, CHARLES J. LEar, Esq., of Leaf, Sons, & Co, HENRY TROWER, Esq., of Trower d Sons. | Secretary—Gro. Lyon. .BENNETT.; PROSPECTUSES and all information needful for effecting Assurances may be obtained " any of the Company’s Offices.or Agencies throughout the World. FIRE DEPARTMENT. .Manager—E.:‘RocGeR OWEN. ; » «» Assistant Manager—Gezo. C. -Moranr.) Undoubted Security guaranteed by the fully subscribed Capital and large invested funds and income. ; Moderate Rates of Premium, Spécial terms for long period insurances. Rates quoted and Surveys made free of charge. us fii WIS Claims liberally and promptly settled. LIFE DEPARTM ENT. Actuary—-T. E. Youna, B.A. The Life Funds are invested in the names of Special Trustees as Security. for Claims on this Branch, and Life Policyholders possess, in addition, the Security of the other large funds of the Com any: ; Four-Fifths of ‘the Entire Life Profits are every five years distributed among holders of Participating Policies. At the last division the Cash Return to Policyholders was the large sum of Twenty-five per cent on the premiums paid in the-five years. The Assured are under no liability in respect of the engagements of the Company. The Expenses of Management, exclusive of commission, are limited by Deed of Settlement to a moderate percentage on the Premium income. Claims are paid as a rule immediately on proof of death and title. Fixed Minimum Surrender Values are guaranteed on ordinary Whole Life Policies after three ‘years’ duration, and such guarantee is endorsed upon the Policies themselves. Married Women’s Property Act (1ss2y— Policies are issued to husbands for the benefit of their wives and children, thus creating, without trouble, expense, stamp duty, or legal assistance, a Family Settlement, which creditors cannot touch. ..;; - Special Privileges allowed to Naval and Military. Officers, Travellers, and Ships’ Officers. Interim Bonuses. The Company; s Prospectus exhibits numerous different modes of effecting aasUTARgeS. MARINE DEPARTMENT. Underwriter—J. CARR SAUNDEKRS. Rates for Marine Risks on application. A 118 INSURANCE, Alliance Assurance Company, Bost HOLOMEY. LANE, LONDON, Eee = ESTABLISHED 1824, “CAPITAL £5,000,000.' DIRECTORS. THE Ricut Hon. LorpD ROTHSCHILD, Chairman. JAMES ALEXANDER, Esq, RICHARD HOARE, Esq. CHARLES GEORGE BARNETT, Esq. Francis ALFRED Lucas, Esq. .. CHARLES EDWARD BARNETT, Esq. EDWARD HARBORD LUSHINGTON, Esq. Hon. KEnELM P. BOUVERIE. Huau Coin Suita, Esq. Francis WILLIAM Buxton, Esq. Rieut Hon. Lorp STALBRIDGE, Lorp EpWARD CAVENDISH, M.P. Sir CHARLES RivERS WILSON, K.C.M.G.; JAMES FLETCHER, Esq. : C.B. A Tad Cyrit FLower, Esq., M.P. ROBERT LEWIS, Chief Secretary,” LIFE DEPARTMENT. In the selection of an office in which to effect Life Assurances, the important points for consideration are :— I. SECURITY. II. Tur RATES oF PREMIUM CHARGED. III. THE CoNnDITIONS oF ASSURANCE. IV. THE PROFITS TO THE ASSURED UNDER PARTICIPATING POLICIEs. It is claimed by the ‘‘ ALLIANCE ” that its large Capital, the amount of its Reserves, and the character of its Investments, afford Security of a very high order. | The Rates of Premium will be found moderate, and the Conditions of Assurance most favourable to the Assured. The Reversionary Bonuses resulting from the distribution of Profits ascertained at the close of the year 1883, allotted to Policies of Five years’ standing, range from about— | £1:12s. per cent per annum on the Sum Assured under Policies effected at age 20 to D £3:16s. per cent per annum on the Sum Assured under Policies effected at age 60. FIRE DEPARTMENT. FirE POLICIES ARE GRANTED ON THE USUAL TERMS, | The Company have Branch Offices at St. James’s Street, 8S.W., Chancery Lane and Great George Street, 8. W., and at Edinburgh, Glasgow, Dublin, Liverpool, Manchester, Sheffield, Birmingham, Ipswich, Bury St. Edmunds, Newcastle-on-Tyne, Wrexham, and Bristol. ; Life and Fire Proposal Forms, detailed Prospectuses, and Statements of Accounts, may be had on application to the Head Office of the Company, or to any of the Branch Offices. The Directors are open to entertain applications for Agencies from parties who are. in a position to introduce business of a high class, ; wren | e | INSURANCE—MISOCELLANEOUS. 119 | Laneashire Insurance Company, MANCHESTER. HEAD OFFICE FOR SCOTLAND: | ; 133 WEST GEORGE STREET, GLASGOW, SCOTTISH. BOARD: Chairman— Cot, MATHESON, C.B., Glasgow. . Avex, Fraser, Esq., Provost ALEX, CHUM, Esq., Thornlie- pain Kinston, Esq., Glas- of Inverness. ban Dav. BANNERMAN, Esq., Glasg.| ANDREW DovuGALtL,. Esq., In- Te era JAMES Kina, of Hua Brown, Esq. -, Glasgow. verness. Levernholm, Lord Provost iD. 8. CARGILL, Esq., Glasgow | WM. Forses, Esq., of Medwyn. | of Glasgow. and Ceylon. JAMES ~ KEYDEN Jun., Esq., | ALEXANDER Ross, Esq., Inver- Henry Cowav, Esq., Hillhead.| Glasgow. ness. Resident Secretary, CHARLES STEWART. Edinburgh Office: 12 YORK BUILDINGS, QUEEN STREET. Resident Secretary, FREDERIC J. HaALLows, Inverness Ofice: ACADEMY STREET. Resident Secretary, C. C. BALLINGALL, CAPITAL —THREE MILLIONS STERLING. Annual income. upwards of £800,000. In Imperial Folio, Half Morocco, price 68s. BLACK’S GENERAL ATLAS OF THE WORLD. A Series of 56 Maps, Geographical Description, and Index of 68,000 Names, In Imperial 8vo, Half Morocco, price 36s. 7 _. BARTHOLOMEW’S GAZETTEER OF THE BRITISH ISLES. TOPOGRAPHICAL AND STATISTICAL, Containing descriptions of Sixty Thousand places, Illustrated with 29 specially prepared Maps. EDINBURGH: ADAM & CHARLES BLACK, _ MISCELLANEOUS. - ‘Cox & YEMAN, BILLIARD TABLE: “MAKERS, 184 BROMPTON ROAD, LONDON, S.W. | HIGHEST AWARD: 1, HO a naan "INTERNATIONAL INVENTIONS EXHIBITION. 1985, MEDAL, EDINBURGH EXHIBITION. : CONTRACTORS TO fA, Cav Ottice Zep De a® an Avmicaley, BY APPOINTMENT TO H.R.H. THE DUKE OF EDINBURGH, K.G., stad March 1886... pepe = PATRONISED. BY, Me THB KING OF Sidney H.M. THE KING OF SAXONY, AND ALL THE CHAMPION PLAYERS FOR 29 YEARS. TABLES AND LAMPS | Sage he poli hien S for India and meee OS Rar see ‘REGIMENTS AND MESSES. SUPPLIED. WORKMANSHIP. AND BEST GOODS GUARANTEED, SOLE MAKERS TO JOHN ROBERTS, JUNIOR, CHAMPION OF THE WORLD. - BLACK’S GUIDE-BOOKS Alton Towers and Dovedale, 1s EN Belfast and Giant’s Causeway, 1s Brighton, ls Buxton, ls Channel Islands (Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney), 38 6A Cheltenham and Bath, ls Cornwall (and Scilly Isles), 28 6d Derbyshire (Buxton, Matlock, Chatsworth), 28 6d Devonshire (Torquay, Plymouth, Exeter), 28 6d . Dorsetshire (Swanage, Weymouth, &c.), 1s 6d Dublin and Wicklow, is Edinburgh, 6d England (with Plans of Towns), 10s 6d English Lakes (Flintoft’s & Foster’s Illustrations), 38 6d — Cheap Edition, ls Galway, Connemara, and the Shannon, ls Glasgow and Environs, 1s Gloucestershire, 2s 6d Guernsey (St. Peter Port, &c.), 1s Black’s Guide-Books—continued. Hampshire (Bournemouth, Portsmouth, &c.) 28 6d Harrogate, 1s - Hereford and Monmouth, 2s 6d Ireland, 5s Isle of Man, 2s 6d Isle of Wight, ls 6d Jersey (St. Helier’s, &c.), 1s Kent (Dover, Ramsgate, Margate), 38 6d Killarney Lakes, 1s Leamington and Environs, ls Leicester and Rutland, 2s 6d Liverpool and Birkenhead (with Environs), ls London and Environs, 3s 6d | Manchester and Salford, 1s Moffat Spa (Dumfriesshire), 1s Nottinghamshire, 3s 6d Scarborough and Whitby, 1s Scotland (Twenty-seventh Edition), 88s 6d Scotland, Shilling Edition, 1s Surrey, 2s 6d Sussex (Brighton, Hastings, Eastbourne), 28 6d Trosachs and Loch Lomond, ls Wales (complete in 1 vol.), 5s Do. North, 3s 6d Do. South, 2s 6d Do. Shilling Edition, 1s Warwickshire (Birm., Leamington, Stratford), 2s 6d Where shall we Go? (Watering-Places) 2s 6d; cloth 3s Yorkshire (with Map), 5s 0112 118847190 ae unui )