oO RIBRARE OF THE Berge ast? t ; Che Alpha of Ohia Chapter of the i Alpha Omega Alpha os a Honorary Fraternity. Medical Department nt ‘Western Reserbe Unibersity Che Alpha of Ohin Chapter nf the Alpha Omega Alpha — fionnrary Fraternity. | “Medical Bepartuent of Western Reserbe Unibersity Cleheland, Ohin 150g THE JUDSON PRINTING CO. CLEVELAND, 0. ROLL OF CHAPTERS. . IN ORDER OF ESTABLISHMENT. *Azwog Ogedety Tove aAyotvrac 1902. : Alpha of Illinois . University of Illinois Beta of Illinois University of Chicago 1903. Gamma of Illinois Northwestern University Alpha of Ohio Western Reserve Univ. Alpha of Pennsylvania Jefferson Med. College Beta of Pennsylvania Univ. of Pennsylvania 1905. Alpha of Missouri Washington University 1906. Alpha of Massachusetts Harvard University Alpha of California University of California - Alpha of Maryland Johns Hopkins Univ. Alpha of Ontario University of Toronto t 1907. Alpha of New York Columbia University Alpha of Michigan . Univ. of Michigan 1908. Alpha of Minnesota University of Minnesota Committee on Publication of Catalogue. Dr. CiypE L. CuMMER, Chairman. Pror. FREDERICK C. WaAITE. Dr. Car, H. LENHART, C WS23 rZna OFFICERS OF THE NATIONAL FRATERNITY. WinriEtp S. Hatt, B. S., M. S., M. D., Ph. D., Primarius Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago. Wa tter B. Cannon, A. B., A. M., M. D., Associate Primarius Harvard Medical School, Boston. Wiu11am W. Root, B. S., M. D., Sec’y-Treas. 170 Baldwin Ave., Detroit. COMMITTEE ON NEW CHAPTERS. Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago. F L } < } Dean W. S. Hatt, Chairman ProFEssor W. B. CANNON Harvard Medical School, Boston. DEAN J. M. Dopson Rush Medical College, Chicago. Proressor F .C. WAITE Western Reserve Medical School, Cleveland. Docror W. W. Root, Secretary 170 Baldwin Ave., Detroit. THE ANIMUS OF ALPHA OMEGA ALPHA by the founder Dr. William W. Root Detroit. In the first decade of the twentieth century more progress has been made in advancing the standards of medical education in America than in all the preceding years put together. Of all the influences at work during this marvelous period but one organized effort has arisen within the student body and no future history of med- icine can be complete without some reference to this influence. This is the Alpha Omega Alpha Society. At five o’clock in the afternoon of the twenty- fifth day of August, 1902, six seniors* met in the Bacteriological Laboratory of the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Chicago to register definitely their protest against a condition which associated the term “medical student” with rowdyism, boorishness, immorality, and low edu- cational ideals and.to pledge mutually to do what they could to remedy this condition. This pro- test arose entirely within the student body, no member of the faculty having been consulted. It was part of the original plan to give this organization the form of a non-secret, honorary medical fraternity in order that the added pres- tige accompanying this idea might enable it the better to do its work. ‘This idea however was to be merely a means to an end, the real motive of the organization always being the advance- ment of moral and educational standards both in the medical school and in the profession. Membership is based upon scholarship as shown by the faculty records of the medical course, but the election to membership is left with the student members of the fraternity since they alone know of dishonesty in examination or immorality on the part of candidates, either of which precludes membership. A small number of physicians may be selected from those who have performed some distinguished service to their fellows. Women are admitted on the same terms as men. In fact race, color, creed, sex * The members chosen before formal organization were William W. Root, Charles L. Williams, Ernest S. Moore, Benjamin Thomas, George H. Howard, John E. Haskell, Will H. Moore, Wenzel M. Wochos and Milton W. Hall. Of these, Howard, Haskell and Hall were absent from the August meeting. 4 and social standing form no barrier to member- ship, the sole qualifications being scholarship and character. To quote from Dean Quine of the parent chapter, “This order is for the men who have made good” and these men form a select band, whose constantly increasing influence is helping to bring nearer the day when not only a very few medical schools in this country, as at present, but the larger number of them, shall rival any in the world. THE ORIGIN OF THE ALPHA OF OHIO CHAPTER. During February, 1903, Mr. Burchard Hayes Roark, a charter member at Rush Medical-Col- lege, made a trip east and organized chapters at Western Reserve University, Jefferson Med- ical College, and the University of Pennsylvania. The original applicants for a charter at Western Reserve formed a group of five men, H. J. Gerstenberger, W. C. Hill, J. A. Sipher, W. P. Chamberlain, and H. H. Heath. They had been suggested to Mr. Roark by Prof. W. T. Howard, and ranked in a class of thirty-two seniors as the highest in scholastic standing. After its foundation in 1903, the chapter re- mained in a somewhat quiescent state until 1906. This was due, partially at least, to the lack of official support from the Medical Faculty, who very naturally hesitated in endorsing a fraternity authoritatively until it had shown a policy of entering only the medical schools with the highest requirements and most efficient instruc- tion, During this period the formalities of an organization were not carried out fully though members were elected in strict accordance with the Constitution. In 1906 local interest was again aroused and a formal reorganization was effected. An exacting and rigid set of by-laws governing the nomination and election of new members was enacted in 1907, and now that the high ideals of the general fraternity were made evident, the support of the Faculty and the sympathy of the University authorities were ob- tained. In 1908 the names of new members were printed in the University Commencement program for the first time. 5 OFFICERS of the Alpha of Ohio Chapter. 1903-04. H. J. . GERSTZNBERCER( A J. Us eee President Jo “SIeHER GO UA oon cero eee Vice-President W. BP. CHAMBERLAIN: 5% oaeess «eae Secretary H, H, HEATS. scserd ogee ene Treasurer 1906-07. A, WE Warner. oe Se ae Premaent By Wie VIiNCENnt sche c aes ... Secretary-Treasurer 1907-08. A. R. WARNER...... President of Alumni Scetion Cc. L. CummeEr...Pres. of Undergraduate Section. Ey: Fe OMEN ee Sec’y-Treas, of both Sections 1908-09 Prop, By) Ci WiAtiE: noses. tne Counselor BeoOWS VINCENT aches Pres. of Alumni Section Kc i Qensi 7a. Vice-Pres. of Alumni Section S. C. Horcuxiss..Pres. of Undergraduate Section H. P. Prowitr V.-Pres. of Undergraduate Section Rv Hi BIsHop. 33 202% Secretary of both Sections LAL Pomeroy 22 cae. Treasurer of both Sections 1909-10 Prove ste 0. WATTE. ci a's t's one eeeeee Counselor C. H. Lennart President of Alumni Section C. Ll. CumMmeEr. .Vice-President of Alumni Section H. N. Corn... President of Undergraduate Section E. A. Duncan V.-Pres of Undergraduate Section V. C. RowWLAND....... Secretary of both Sections C. H. CAMPBELL...... Treasurer of both Sections ORGANIZATION AND PROCEDURES of Alpha Omega Alpha Nature. Alpha Omega Alpha is a non-secret Honorary Society, bearing the same relation to Medical Schools which Phi Beta Kappa does to literary institutions and Sigma Xi to scientific schools. Election to membership is based entirely upon scholarship, moral qualifications being satisfac- tory. The election of members is so safe- guarded that no other factors are permitted to enter into consideration, and influence, frater- nity affiliations, or social attainments will avail a man nothing in the struggle to win the coveted key. Object. “This organization, while possessing exclusive features as regards scholarship and other high standards of membership, adds to these the defi- nite mission to encourage high ideals of. thought and action in schools of medicine and to promote that which is highest in professional practice. As students, members are to avoid that which will make them unworthy of their calling and to fur- ther the same spirit among fellow students. As practitioners they are to maintain and to en- courage the lofty ideals set before them by the revered father of medicine, Hippocrates; to show respect for other members of their calling; to advocate high requirements for entrance to the course in medicine and for graduation; in short to do what they can to exalt and to ennoble the profession. A commercial spirit and all departures from medical ethics are to be avoided, and the purely scientific, the philosophical, and the poetical features of the profession to be cultivated.” (From Sect. I, Article II, National Constitution, Italics ours.) Requirements for Membership. The National Constitution, provides that in the election of members, the requirements shall be scholarship and strength of character. The constant contact which exists between the alumni of Alpha Omega Alpha who are holding teaching or dispensary posts, and the students 7 from the first year of their medical residence, permits such close observation of possible can- didates that the chapter is enabled through its alumni members to judge accurately of the qualifications of candidates. Every effort has been made to ensure the election of worthy members. While the admis- sion of third-year students is permitted by the National Constitution, this privilege has not been used by the Alpha of Ohio. A few men have been chosen at the beginning of the fourth year, but in most cases election has been post- poned until the completion of the entire course. The reason underlying this is that some men do their best work during the last year. This is largely practical clinical work, and the frater- nity is able to secure a better selection of men by deferring election until possible candidates have shown their ability. Proportion of Members. The total number of members from a given class is not permitted to exceed one-sixth (1-6) | of the number of men graduating in the class. One-half (%) of this number, i. e. 1-12 of the class, may be chosen during the last half of the Junior year. Men from other Schools. According to the By-laws of our Chapter, men who have transferred from other medical schools at the end of the first year are not eligible for election until they have completed the entire work of the Sophomore and Junior years in residence in the Medical Department of Western Reserve University. A man who enters this school at the end of the Sophomore year, or later, is not eligible to election. Furthermore, the National Constitution provides that no student who has taken work at an institution where there is a Chapter of this Fraternity shall be elected to membership in another chapter until the first chapter by a two-thirds (2-3) vote concurs in his election. Method of Nomination. Some time ago the Chapter entered into an agreement with the Faculty—this agreement to have the binding effect of a contract—that a committee of the Faculty should have the sole 8 privilege of nominating new members. The grades of the graduating class. are compiled from the University records by the Counselor, who is an officer of Alpha Omega Alpha and also a member of the Faculty. He reports the names of the highest third of the class in the order of their average standing for all the courses taken in the Medical Department of Western Reserve University. Candidates not so nomi- nated by the Committee of the Faculty cannot be elected. Election by the Chapter. At a regular meeting held after the comple- tion of the final examinations, the Chapter elects by ballot from the list of nominees pro- vided by the Faculty as. many members as it may see fit to choose at this time, but it may never exceed the quota permitted by the Con- stitution. The balloting upon candidates must be in order of nomination which is, in order of average grade attained in scholarship. Any can- didate may be rejected for immorality, lack of character or force of personality; but such dis- qualifying characteristic must be openly and fully stated to the Chapter by those members casting the negative votes and full discussion must be permitted. In case of a rejection, the candidate next in order upon the list is then placed before the chapter for ballot. There can be no substitution or change in the order of the nominees provided by the Faculty Committee. The power of election is vested solely and entirely in the Chapter; the power of nomination in the Faculty Committee. ‘Therefore a candidate has to be approved by both of these separate and distinct bodies before securing election. Should the negative ballot be withdrawn, the candidate may be ballotted upon at a subsequent meeting provided that the full quota allowed to the candidate’s class has not been elected al- ready. Mere unpopularity is not allowed to serve as a bar to election. Publication of Elections to Membership. The names of those members of the grad- uating class who have been nominated by the Faculty and elected by the Chapter are published in the Commencement Program together with the announcements of the usual University Honors. 9 Status of the Chapter in the University. The nomination of candidates by the Faculty, the fact that the Counselor is a member of the Faculty and its Secretary, and the recognition afforded by the University by announcing the Annual Meeting of the Chapter in the official schedule of the events of Commencement week, and by publishing the names of new members in the Commencement program, places this Chapter upon a plane with Phi Beta-Kappa and Sigma Xi. Election to it thus becomes a semi- official honor, and is at present the only recogni- tion of scholarship granted during the course or upon graduation. . Organization. The National Constitution provides that the Chapter shall be divided into two Sections, Alumni and Undergraduate.- A member of the Faculty is elected to serve as Counselor for three (3) years. ‘The two sections usually meet to- gether, and in this school the division is a nom- inal one. The fact that the majority of our graduates serve in the hospitals of the city, and afterwards become attached to the school or to some of the affiliated dispensaries, ensures a more or less permanently interested body of alumni. The alumni too have every opportunity of observ- ing the work and personal behavior of students who may become candidates for election at a later date and thereby become well qualified to advise the Undergraduate Section in the selection of members. Annual Dinner. According to custom, the annual dinner is given in the fall. At this time the new members are the guests of the Chapter. The annual “Alpha Omega Alpha Address” is delivered by ‘a promi- nent alumnus or honorary member. ‘The fol- lowing have been speakers in the past: 1907. Associate Primarius Walter B. Cannon, of Harvard Medical School. 1908.. Primarius Winfield S. Hall, of North- western University Medical School. LIST OF MEMBERS. Honorary. tl. Wii1aM Travis Howarp, Jr., A. B., M. D. E. 9th St. and St. Clair Ave., Cheyatand, Professor of Pathology, Pathological Anatomy, ae Bacteriology, Med. Dept, W. R. U. A. University of Virginia, 1887; M. D., Univer- sity of Maryland 1889; P. G., Johns Hopkins, 1889- 1894; Prague, 1895; Pathologist to Lakeside, City, and Charity Hospitals, Cleveland. 2. FRepEricK C. Waite, Litt. B., A. M., Ph. D. E. 9th St. and St. Clair Ave., Cleveland. Professor of Histology and : Embryology, Med. Dept., if R. U., and Secretary of the Faculty. Litt. Adelbert, 1892; A. M., W. R. U., 1894; M., Hazvonk 1896; Ph. D., Harvard, 1898; Phi Beta Kappa, W. R. U. % Fellow in Zoology and Assistant in Zoology, Harvard, 1896-98; Instructor in Biology, New York University, 1899-1900; Assistant in Anatomy, Rush Medical College, 1900-01. ALUMNI. 1903. 71. Water C. Hint, M. D. Osborn Bldg., Cleveland. Ohio State University, 1894-98; Medical House Officer, Lakeside Hospital, 1903-04; Assistant Superin- tendent, Lakeside Hospital, 1904-07; Lecturer on Radi- ography, W. R. U., Dental Dept., 1906—; Demonstrator of Roentgenology, W. R. U., Medical Dept., 1907—; Radiographer to Lakeside and St. Luke’s Hospitals, Cleveland. +2. Henry J. GerstENBERGER, M. D. 2500 E. 35th St., Cleveland. Graduate Concordia College, 1899; Dresden and Berlin, 1903-05; Physician-in-charge, W. R. U., Tuber- culosis Dispensary, 1906-07; Medical Director, Babies’ Dispensary and Hospital, 1907—-; Instructor in Diseases of Children, W. R. U., Medical Department, 1908—; 73. Joun A. Sipuer, A. B., M. D. Norwalk, O. A. B., Kenyon, 1896; Phi Beta Kappa, Kenyon; Demonstrator in Physiology, 1902-03; Demonstrator in Pathology and Bacteriology, 1903-04, W. R. U., Medical nee Assistant City Bacteriologist, City of Cleveland, 1902-03. . : +4, Wess P, CHAMBERLAIN, A. B., M. D. 7405 Detroit St., Cleveland. A. B., Hiram College, 1900; Interne, St. Alexis Hospital, 1903-04; Anaesthetist to Lutheran Hospital; Assistant Surgeon, Eye Section, Lakeside Hospital Dispensary. +5. Homer H. Hearn, B. S., M. D. Toledo, O. S. Hiram College, 1898; Lecturer, Training School for Nurses, St. Vincent’s - Hospital ; and member of Surgical Staff, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Toledo. + Founders of Alpha of Ohio Chapter. i 1904. 6. Cary H. Lenuart, Ph. B., M. D. Detroit Ave. and W. 65th St., Cleveland. Ph. B., Adelbert, 1901; House Officer and Resident . Physician, Private Ward Service, Lakeside Hospital, 1904-06. 7.. Witiu1AM A. SCHLESINGER, Ph. B., M. D. 5409 Broadway Ave., Cleveland. Ph. B., Adelbert, 1901; Interne, Charity Hospital, 1905-06. ts 8. SaAMuEL S. BeErcer, M. D. 1946 St. Clair Ave., Cleveland. Interne, Mt. Sinai Hospital, 1903-04; Associate Visiting Physician, Mt. Sinai Hospital, and Visiting Physician, Jewish Infants’ Orphans’ Home. 9. Isapor J. Goopman, M. D. fA 2050 W. 25th St., Cleveland. Interne, St. Alexis Hospital, 1904-06. 10. J: HH. WELLS, Maid 1816 FE. 55th St., Cleveland. Interne, St. Alexis Hospital, 1904-05. 11. Kart E. Ocus, M. D. 2407 St. Clair Ave., Cleveland. Interne, St. Alexis Hospital, 1904-05; Demonstrator in Physiology, W. R. U., Medical Dept., 1906-07. 1905. 12. Wiiiram P. Lucas, A. B., M. D. Boston, Mass. A. B., Wooster University, 1900; Interne, Charity Hospital, 1905-06; Interne, Children’s. Hospital, Boston, 1906-07; Interne, South Dept., Boston City Hospital, 1907; Interne, Boston Floating Hospital, 1907; Assistant, Pediatric Dept., Harvard Medical School; Junior Visiting Physician, Boston Childrens’ Hospital and Boston Infant’s Hospital; Fellow under Proctor Fund in Labor- atory of Serum Diagnosis, Harvard Medical School. 13. J. Doucias PincHErR, Ph. B:, M. D. E. 9th St. and St. Clair Ave., Cleveland. Ph. B., Adelbert, 1902; Resident Pathologist, Charity Hospital, 1905-06; Interne, City Hospital, 1906-07; Demonstrator in Pharmacology, W. R. U., Medical Dept., 1907—. 14. N. Winu1am Incas, B. S., M. D. E. 9th St. and St. Clair Ave., Cleveland. B. S., Baldwin University, 1901; University of Freiburg and Strassburg, 1906-07; Demonstrator in Anatomy, W. R. U., Medical Dept., 1905-06; Instructor ae cg 1906-09; Assistant Professor of Anatomy, 1 —, j 12 J 1906. 15. Anprew R. Warner, A. M., M. D. Cor. E. 89th St. and Hough Ave., Cleveland. A. B., 1899, A. M., 1902, Hamilton College; Phi Beta Kappa, Hamilton; Surgical House Officer, Lakeside Hospital, 1906-07; Assistant Superintendent, Lakeside Hospital, 1907; Demonstrator in Physiology, W Ul, Medical Dept. 1907—; Instructor in Surgery, Training School for Nurses, Lakeside Hospital, 1907—. 16. Brrr E. Garver, B. L., M. D. Lorain, O. B. L., Adelbert, 1903; Phi Beta Kappa, Adelbert; Interne, Charity Hospital, "1905- 07; Junior Surgeon, St. Joseph’s Hospital, Lorain, 17. FRANK W. VINCENT, A. B., M. D. Bagino Hospital, Bagino, Benquet, P. I. . B., Oberlin, 1903; Phi Beta Kappa, Oberlin; Medical House Officer, and Interne, Private Ward Service, Lakeside Hospital, 1906-08; Physician-in-charge, Tuberculosis Dispensary, and Demonstrator in Medicine, . U., Medical Department, 1908-09; U. S. Civil Service, Phillipine Islands, 1909—. 1907. 18. Crype L. Cummer, Ph. B., M. D. Rose Bldg, Cleveland. Ph. B., Adelbert, 1904; Phi Beta Kappa, Adelbert; Medical House Officer, Lakeside Hospital, 1907-08; Assistant Physician, Medical Section, and Assistant Surgeon, Ear, Nose, and Throat Section of Lakeside Hospital Dispensary, 1908—; Instructor in Materia Medica, Lakeside Hospital Training School for Nurses, 1909—; Demonstrator of Clinical Microscopy, W.R. U., 1909, 19. Eart F. Smirx, M. D. Lorain, O. Ohio Wesleyan University, 1899-1900; Interne, Charity Hospital, 1907-09. ' 1908. 20. Homer P. Prowirt, B. S., M. D. Cleveland City Hospital. B. S., Washington and Jefferson, 1904; Resident Physician, Childrens’ Fresh Air Camp, 1908; Interne, City Hospital, 1908—. 21. RosErt H. BisHop, A. B., M. D. Lennox Bldg., Cleveland. A. B., Miami University, 1903; Surgical House Officer, Lakeside Hospital, 1908-09; Secretary, Anti- Tuberculosis League, Physician-in-charge, W. R. U. Tuberculosis Dispensary, and Demonstrator in Medicine, W. R. U., Medical Department, 1909—. 22. LAWRENCE A. Pomeroy, A. B., M. D. Lakeside Hospital, Cleveland. A. B., Yale, 1905; Phi Beta Kappa and Sigma Xi, Yale; Interne, Private Ward Service, Lakeside Hospital ; Medical House Officer, 1909; Resident Physician, Private Ward Service, 1909—. 13 23. SamueE.t C. Horcuxiss, A. B., M. D. Marine Hospital,.San Francisco, Cal, A. B., Oberlin, 1904; Medical House Officer, Lake- side Hospital, 1908-09; Assistant Surgeon, U. H. and M. H. Service, 1909—; Assistant in, Eye, Ear, cae, and Throat Dept., Dispensary of Leland-Stanford Uni- versity Medical College, San Francisco. 24. Cuauncty W. Wycxorr, A. B., M. D. . Lakeside Hospital, Cleveland. A. B., Ohio Wesleyan University, 1904; Phi Beta Kappa, O. W. U.; Resident Physician, Rainbow Cottage, 1907-08; Medical House Officer, Lakeside Hospital, 1908—; Attending Physician, Babies’ Dispensary and Hospital, 1908. 1909. 25. Car, H. CAMPBELL, A. B., M. D. Cleveland City Hospital. A. B., University of Wooster, 1905; Interne, Cleve- land City Hospital, 1909—. 26. Harorp N. Cork, Ph: B., M. D. Lakeside Hosuial Cleveland. Ph. B., Bucknell University, 1906; Resident Physi- cian, Rainbow Cottage, 1908-09; Medical House Officer, Lakeside Hospital, 1909—. 27. Ernest A. Duncan, B. L., M. D. Cleveland City Hospital. B. L., Kenyon, 1906; Phi Beta Kappa, Kenyon; Resident, Maternity Hospital, 1908-09 ; Resident Physi- cian, Childrens’ Fresh Air Camp, 1909; Interne, City Hospital, 1909—. 28. Vernon C. Rowtanp, B. S., A. M., M. D. Lakeside Hospital, Cleveland. B. S., Ohio Wesleyan University, 1903; A. M., O. W. U.; Phi Beta Kappa, O. W. U.; Surgical House Officer, Lakeside Hospital, 1909—. 14 ~~ STATISTICAL. _ Honorary Members ..... pA RRS OMG eh 2 (iE Ra A A a a 28 Preliminary Training. CTO AE ATI 4 gos onic lk bb © hum vee sly mh 4 One or more years at literary college........ 2 Graduates from literary colleges ...........:- oe 28 Residence. BOBO POE CVCIONG. So cca cer cccccccucccess 21 In Ohio other than Cleveland................ 4 MU MRMRCHTISSETUS cov se accu sinc csceyycrancnas 1 MEIMIIEG OLALES DELVICES oles. ces enceenses 4 28 Post-Graduate Training. Hospital graduates or now serving in hos- Debating. Gee. 20) 2K dean . Oa dbiw. d. a9 Post-graduate training in Europe............ 2 ; Present Connections. Wowrzsetving inchospitalsiny ) 646 csid. stale «vine alee y Holding teaching posts in W. R. U......... 8 Holding dispensary or hospital posts in other cities or teaching posts in other schools.. 3 Pe orb et ty. and,, Ma Es Services oy ccs. ss 1 MS eC iaily Service; , is cas ahae oh siss ques bays 1 Members of Other Honorary Societies. Members of Phi Beta Kappa............... 9 PPPOE ET OMOL. IRIN. C1, sis oie 6 a tucbicioe mplene ds i 10 THE OATH OF HIPPOCRATES. The following oath, read at every initiation, represents the spirit of our order. I swear by Apollo, the physician, and Aescula- pius, and Health, and All-heal, and all the gods and goddesses, that, according to my ability and judgment, I will keep this oath and stipulation: to reckon him who taught me this art equally dear to me as my parents, to share my substance with him and relieve his necessities if required; 15 to regard his offspring as on the same footing with my own brothers, and to teach them this art if they should wish to learn it, without fee or stipulation, and that by precept, lecture and every other mode of instruction, I will impart a knowl- edge of the art to my own sons and to those of my teachers, and to disciples bound by a stipula- tion and oath, according to the law of medicine, but to none others. I will follow that method of treatment which, according to my ability and judgment, I consider for the benefit of my pa- tients, and abstain from whatever is deleterious and mischievous. I will give no deadly medicine to anyone if asked, nor suggest any such counsel; furthermore, I will not give to a woman an instru- ment to produce abortion. With purity and with holiness I will pass my life and practice my art. I will not cut a person who is suffering with a stone, but will leave this to be done by practi- tioners of this work, Into whatever houses I enter I will go into them for the benefit of the sick and will abstain from every voluntary act of mischief and corruption; and further from the seduction of females or males, bond or free. Whatever, in connection with my professional practice, or not in connection with it, I may see or hear in the lives of men which ought not to be spoken abroad, I will not divulge, as reckoning that such should be kept secret. While I continue to keep this oath unviolated, may it be granted to me to enjoy life and the practice of the art, respected by all men at all times, but should I trespass and violate this oath, may the reverse be my lot. Hippocrates was born on the island of Cos about 460 B. C., and died about 357 B. C., at Larissa, in Thessaly. This, the greatest medical name of antiquity, is that of the first scientific physician, who did much to free the art of heal- ing from ignorance and superstition, and his works still are quoted frequently by our ablest writers. £ *