THE i Caititk kcali0nal Bind AND J- " GALENDAE EOE 1857-8: ? CONTAINING AN ACCOUNT OF THE SCHOOLS, COLLEGES, AND UNIVERSITIES ; THE I PROFESSIONS; SCIENTIFIC AND LITERARY INSTITUTIONS; DECISIONS > OF THE COURTS ON SCHOOL QUESTIONS; &c. &c. EDITED BY THOMxiS HODGINS, B,A. UMV. COLL. TOBONXO. “ Virtue and knowledge are endowments greater / Than nobleness and wealth; careless heirs / May the two latter darken and expend; ^ But immortality attends the former.” I Shakspeare, Pericles, Act III. Scene ii. ( i “As for the conceit that learning should dispose men to leisure and privateness, and make < them slothful, it were a strange thing if that which accustomed the mind to a perpetual motion } and agitation should induce slothfulness: whereas, contrariwise, it may be truly affirmed that no kind of men love busine'ss for itself but those that are learned.’ — Bacon, Advancement qf Learning. j ’Apx® TToXnelas avdffris yiwv rpoepd. TORONTO: MACLEAR & CO., 1-6, KING STREET EAST. LOVELL AND OIBSON, PRINTERS. irCM ' ADVERTISEMENTS. MACLEAR & CO 16, King Street East, Toronto, COPPERPLATE ENGRAVERS, The Subscribers regularly keep on hand a large collection of CLASSICAL, MATHRMATTCAL SOXXOOXi S100X3LS, ^ €l)c Hationol Series, S CHAMBEKS’ EDUCATIONAL COURSE, ® Which they sell at lowest prices. A Liberal Discount to Teachers and the Trade MACLEAR & CO. THE tfanak €tarati0nal giretlBrg AND CALENDAR FOR 1867-8; CONTAINING AN ACCOUNT OF THE SCHOOLS, COLLEGES, AND UNIVERSITIES ; THE PROFESSIONS; SCIENTIFIC AND LITERARY INSTITUTIONS; DECISIONS OF THE COURTS ON SCHOOL QUESTIONS; &c. &o. EDITED BY THOMAS HODOINS, B,A. UNIV, COLL. TORONTO. “ Virtue and knowledge are endowments greater Than nobleness and wealth : careless heirs May the two latter darken and expend; But immortality attends the former,” Sbakspeare, Pericles, Act III. Scene ii. “ As for the conceit that learning should dispose men to leisure and privateness, and make them slothful, it were a strange thing if that which accustomed the mind to a perpetual motion and agitation should induce slothfulness: whereas, contrariwise, it may be truly affirmed that no kind of men love business for itself but those that are learned,’ — Bacon, Advancement vf Learning. TToXiTilas aTrdcTTjs vicav rpotfid. TORONTO: ' MACLEAR & CO., 16, KING STREET EAST. LOVELL AND OIBSON, PRINTERS, 1857. “For as water, whether it be the dew of heaven, or the springs of the earth, doth scatter and lose itself in the ground, except it be collected into some recep¬ tacle where it may, by union, comfort and sustain itself; so this excellent liquor of knowledge, whether it descend from divine inspiration, or spring from human sense, would soon perish and vanish to oblivion, if it were not preserved in books, conferences, and places appointed, as Universities, Colleges, and Schools, for the receipt and comforting of the same.”— “ The mind, like the diamond, in its original state is rude and unpolished; but as the effect of the chisel on the outward coat soon presents to view the latent beauties of the diamond,—so education discovers the latent virtues of the mind, and draws them forth to range the large field of matter and space, to display the summit of human knowledge : our duty to God and to man.”—OW Charge. Entered according to Act of the Provincial Legislature, in the year 1867, by Thomas Hodoihs, In the oflSce of the Registrar of the Province of Canada. PREFACE. I \-\ 6 ^ o The little work here submitted to the public, is intended to furnish in¬ formation to those seeking for themselves, or for the youth of the country, the advantages of our Educational Establishments, or admission into the various Professions. Our rapid advance in material prosperity, is happily attended by a cor¬ responding desire to promote education in all its branches,—school, colle¬ giate, and professional,—and foreshadows a future, in which an untaught boy or girl, or an ignorant business or professional man, will be an ano¬ maly and a disgrace in our land. The system of elementary schools now established in Upper Canada—created and supported by the people them¬ selves—provides a Free Education for all Canadian children, wherever Canadian parents choose. Lower Canada has nearly the same, and is ra¬ pidly progressing; while the higher education of both is open to the children of the poor as well as the rich,—training all classes for fighting the battle of life on equal terms; and it cannot be denied that those who avail themselves of that higher education, will, by their superior intelli¬ gence and mental power, make the best farmers, mechanics, merchants, and professional men of our future Canada. To promote such an interest, this little Hand-Book is dedicated. The Editor cannot conclude without acknowledging the general courtesy of the gentlemen to whom he applied for information for this work. Their eourtesy to him was a courtesy to the public, for whom the informa¬ tion was desired; and it was often accompanied by .expressions of ap¬ proval of the design of the work, which lightened many a weary hour’s labor, in compiling such a digest of the information furnished, as would combine brevity with accuracy. Should the Directory be favorably received, it will be continued in future years. T. H. ABBREVIATIONS, B.A. B. D. B.C.L. C. B. D.C.L. D.Cn.L. D. D. Dr. in Scien. F.C.S. F.G.S. F.L.S. F.R.S. F.S.A.Scot. GCB. K.C.B. K.C.H. Licen.M.&L. M. Licen. Theol. M.A. M.B. M.D, M.L.C. ?-!.P.P. M.R.I.A. Q.C. ad eun. hon. srh. Bachelor of Arts. Bachelor of Divinity. Bachelor of Civil Law. Companion of the Order of the Bath^fCivil Service.) Doctor of Civil Law. Doctor of Canon Law. Doctor of Divinity. Doctor in Sciences. Fellow of the Chemical Society. Fellovv of the Geological Society. Fellow of the Linnsean Society. Fellow of the Royal Society. Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath. Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath. Knight Commander of the Royal Hanoverian Guelphic Order. Knight of the Order of the Thistle. Bachelor of Laws (Civil and Canon.) Doctor of Laws (Civil and Canon.) Licentiate in Medicine. Licentiate in Theology. Master of Arts. Bachelor of Medicine. Doctor of Medicine. Member of the Legislative Council. Member of the Legislative Assembly. Member of the Royal Irish Academy. Queen’s Counsel. ad eundem, admitted to the same Degree. Honorary Degree. University Scholar. CORRECTIONS. Page 46, for ’• 1st June, 1857, read 20th May, 1857. Page 64, Rev. Walter Stennett, M.A., Univ. Toronto, ha.s been appointed Principal of Upper Canada College. Some alterations have been made in the Scholarships of the University of Toronto (page 41) but the Editor is not yet informed of them. CONTENTS. Page AlmanjMJ. 7 THE SCHOOLS—Upper Canada: Historical Sketch . 13 Education Department—Officers... 17 Council of Public Instruction . 17 Normal and Model Schools: Historical Sketch . 17 Qualifications for Provincial Cer¬ tificates . 19 Grammar Schools . 20 Officers . 20 Head Masters . 21 Common Schools. 22 Qualifications for Certificates. 22 Local Superintendents of Com¬ mon Schools. 23 County Municipal Officers . 29 THE SCHOOLS—Lower Canada ; Sketch. 29 Education Department—Officers ... 30 Normal and Model Schools. 30 Laval Normal School. 31 McGill Normal School. 31 Jacques Cartier Normal School... 31 Colleges and Academies . 32 Inspectors of Common Schools. 33 THE UNIVEBSITIES—Upper Canada: University of Toronto . 34 Senate and Officers. 36 Graduates. 37 Undergraduates . 38 Fcculty of Arts . 39 Faculty of Medicine. 41 Faculty of Law . 43 Department of Civil Engineering 44 Department of Agriculture. 44 Subjects for Prize Compositions, 1857 . 45 University Library and Museum 46 Chronological List of University Officers . 46 University College. 47 Professors, &c. 47 Course of Instruction . 49 Regulations . 49 University Observatory . 50 Historical Sketch . 60 Upper Canada College . 54 Masters. 54 University of Victoria College . 55 University Officers. 66 Collegiate Officers . 67 Graduates. 67 Students. 68 Faculty of Arts . 58 Faculty of Medicine. 69 University of Queen’s College . 60 Officers . 60 Graduates. 61 Faculty of Arts . 62 Faculty of Medicine. 62 University of Trinity College . 63 University Officers. 64 Collegiate Officers . 65 Graduates. 66 Undergraduates . 67 Faculty of Arts . 67 Faculty of Law . 68 Faculty of Divinity . 68 Subjects for Prize Compositions, 1857 . 68 THE UNIVERSITIES—Lower Canada: University of McGill College. 69 University Officers . 70 Collegiate Officers. 70 Graduates . 73 Faculty of Arts. 75 Faculty of Medicine. 76 Faculty of Law.77 Laval University . 78 Officers. 79 Professors . 80 CONTENTS Page Graduates . 81 Undergraduates .. 81 Matriculation and Degrees. 81 Collegiate Department. 82 Quebec Seminary. 83 University of Bishop’s College. 84 University Officers. 85 Collegiate Officers. 85 Graduates. 86 Faculty of Arts. 87 Faculty of Divinity. 88 OTEEU SCHOOLS: Begiopolis College. 89 Canadian Congregational Theologi¬ cal Institute. 89 Knox’s College. 90 United Presbyterian Divinity Hall... 90 Bytown College. 91 St. Michael’s College. 91 Belleville Seminary. 92 Toronto School of Medicine. 92 Montreal School of Medicine and Surgery.. 93 Lawrence School of Medicine. 93 THE PEOFESSIONS: The Law Society of Upper Canada... 94 Officers. 95 Examination for Student-at-Law.. 96 Examination for Barrister-at-Law 97 Law Lectures, 1857. 98 Law Clerk. 98 Attorney at Law and Solicitor in Chancery. 98 The Bar of Lower Canada. 99 Law Clei’k or Student.101 Advocate, Barrister, &c.101 Medical Board of Upper Canada.101 Officers. 102 Requisites for License.102 College of Physicians and Surgeons of Lower Canada.103 Officers.103 Requisites foT License.103 Provincial Land Surveyors.104 Requisites for lacense..'..105 SCIENTIFIC AND LITERARY ASSOCIATIONS: Provincial: Literary and Historical Society, Quebec.106 Natural History Society, Montreal.107 Canadian Institute, Toronto.107 Collegiate: University of Toronto Association.108 McGill University Society.110 University College Literary and Scientific Society.110 Trinity College Literary Institute.!!! Knox’s College Missionary Society .111 Metropolitan: Toronto Mechanics’ Institute.Ill Toronto Horticultural Society.112 Central Agricultural and HorticiU- tural Club.112 Medico*Chirurgical and Ethical Society.112 Osgoode Club.112 Toronto Literary Association .113 Young Men’s St. Patrick’s Associa¬ tion.113 Young Canada Debating Club.114 British Canadian Debating Soci¬ ety .114 Ontario Literary Temperance Club .114 MEMORANDA: Decisions of the Courts on School! 1 Questions, in Upper Canada.115 Plans of School Houses.122 ALMANAC. 7 APRIL, 1 857. Days declared Public Holidays by Act of Parliament, 12 Vic. c. 10, are printed in Small Capitals. 1 W 2 Th 3 F 4 S 5 S> 6 M 7 T 8 W 9 Th 10 F 11 S 12 S> 13 M 14 T 15 W 16 Th 17 F 18 S 19 & 20 M 21 T 22 W 23 Th 24 F 25 S 26 27 M 28 T 29 W 30 Th TERMS, AND REMARKABLE EVENTS. First Common School Act TJ. C. passed, 1816.—Vic. Coll. Spring Term begins Battle of Copenhagen, 1801. [L. Superintendents TJ.C. Term of office begins. Trinity College and Bishop’s College Lent Terms end. Sunday before Easter, or Palm Sunday. Bishop’s Coll. Trill. Term begins.—Exams. Gram. Sch. Masters, Med. Board Gram. Schs, U.C. Winter Term ends. [U.C., Land Surveyors. Laval Univ. 2nd Term ends.—Univ. Coll. Easter Vacation begins.—Hudson’s Maunday Thursday.—V.V. Divinity Hall Session ends. [Bay Co. estab.1692. Good Friday. Easter Sunday.— America discovered, 1492. Easter Monday. Easter Tuesday.—Univ. Coll. Easter Vacation ends. Normal School TJ.C. Winter Session ends.—Gram. Sell. Spring Term begins. Emperor Napoleon III. visited England, 1855, Trinity College Easter Term begins.—First Newspaper in America, 1704. Low Sunday.— Rifle Pits at Sebastopol captured, 1855. Laval Univ. 3rd Term begins.—Spanish Fleet destroyed by Admiral Blake, [1657. St. Georgre.—Shakspeare born. 1564; died, 1616. Univ. Coll. Lectures, Easter Term, ends.—Annual MeetingUniv.Coll. Society. St. Mark. 2nd Sunday after Easter. Battle of York (Toronto), U.C., 1813. McGill and Queen’s Colleges’ Sessions end. MAY, 1 857 . 1 F 2 S 3 « 4 M 6 T 6 W 7 Th 8 F 9 S 10 « 11 M 12 T 12 W 14 Th 15 F 16 S 17 S> 18 M 19 T 20 W 21 Th 22 F 23 S 24 s, 25 M 26 T 27 W 28 Th 29 F 30 S 31 TERMS, AND REMARKABLE EVENTS. St. Philip and St. James—Univ. Coll. Examinations begin, 3ed Sunday after Easter.- Petropaulowski taken, 1855. Clocks introduced, 1364. St. John the Evangelist.—Oswego taken, 1814. Jamaica taken by the British, 1655. Sardinians arrived in Crimea, 1855. 4th Sunday after Easter. Exam. Coll. Phys. and Surg. L.C. at Montreal. Old May Day. U.C. Coll. Spring Term ends. Normal School U.C. Summer Session and U.C. Coll. Summer Term begin. Rogation Sunday. Univ. Coll. Easter Term ends.—Queen distributed Crimean Medals, 1855, Ascension Day.— Senate Univ. Toronto Annual Session begins. First English Railway Act passed, 1801. Sir John Franklin’s last expedition sailed, 1845. Sunday after Ascension.—Queen Victoria born, 1819.—Kertch cap- Victoria College Examinations begin, [tured, 1855. Victoria Coll. Commencement.—Spring Term ends. Examination for Barrister (honors), TJ.C. Examination for Barrister, U.C. Roman Catholic Separate School Act, U.C., passed, 1855. Whit Sunday.—P e»^ecos^. 8 ALMANAC. .TUNE, 1 857. Days of M. 1 W. 1 M 2 T 3 W 4 Th 6 F 6 S 7 .S 8 M 9 T 10 W 11 Th 12 F 13 S 14 15 M 16 T 17 W 18 Th 19 F 20 S 21 S> 22 M 23 T 24 W 25 Th 26 F 27 S 28 s 29 M 30 T TERMS AND REMARKABLE EVENTS. Easter Term, (Law), TJ.C., begins.—U. C. Parliament met at Toronto 1797. Meeting Toronto University Association. Exams, in Arts. Civil Ens.,and Agric., Univ. Toronto, and Student at Law, Exam. Student at Law, U.C. [(honors), U.C, Battle of Burlington Heights. 1813. Trinity Sunday —Capture of the Mamelou at Sebastopol, 1855. University of Toronto Inaugurated, 1843. Corpus Christi. Easter Term, (Law), U.C , ends. 1st Sunday after Trinity. Magna Charta signed, 1215. Victoria College Inaugurated, 1836.—Battle of Waterloo, 1815. Accession of Queen Victoria, 1837. 2nd Sunday after Trinity.— Longest Day. Midsummer I)ay.—&i. Sofjn tf)c Baptist.-Bishop’s Col. Trin. Term ends. Battle of Bannockburn, 1314. Univ. Toronto Commencement and Meeting Univ. Association.—Gram. Schs., [U C., Spring Term ends. 3rd Sunday after Trinity.— Queen Victoria Crowned, 1838. St. Peter and St. Paul. Half-Yearly School Returns.—Greenwich Hospital Founded. 1696. JULY, 1 8 57. Days of M. I W. 1 W 2 Th 3 F 4 S 5 « 6 M 7 T 8 W 9 Th 10 F 11 S 12 18 M 14 T 15 W 16 Th 17 F 18 S 19 « 20 M 21 T 22 W 23 Th 24 F 25 S 26 S> 87 M 28 T 29 W 30 Th 81 F TERMS AND REMARKABLE EVENTS. Gram, and Com. School moneys payable.—Chief Superintendent’s, U.C., Re» fp rt to Governor.—Trin. College Easter Term ends. Quebec Pounded, 1603.— Russian Army crossed the Pruth, 1853. Independence U. S. declared, 1776. 4th Sunday after Trinity. Exams. Gram. School Masters.—Medical Board U.C .—Land Surveyors- Importation of Slaves prohibited in Upper Canada, 1793. Royal Charter, Ti inity College 1852. Canada invaded, 1812.—Sweaborg bombarded, 1855. 5th Sunday ater Trinity.—C rimea evacuated. 1856. French Itevolution, 1789.—Apportionment by Local Supts., U.C. Laval University, Third Term ends. Normal Schools, L.C., Sessions end.—Detroit taken, 1812. 6Tn Sunday after Trinity. U.C. College Summer Term and St. Michael’s College Ses.sion, end. First English Newspaper published, 1.588.—Canada Union Act, 1840. Battle of Niagara, 1759, and Lundy’s Lane, 1812. St. James. 7th Sunday after Trinity. Bank of England chartered, 1694. Spanish Armada destroyed, 1588. Gibralter taken, 1704. ALMANAC. 9 Days of' M. I W. 1 S 2 & 3 M 4 T 5 W 6 Th 7 F 8 S 9 10 M 11 T 12 W 13 Th 14 F 15 S Si ir M T /19 W 20 Th 21 F 22 S 2:3 Si 24 M 25 T 26 W 27 Th 28 F 29 S 39 31 M 1 T 2 W 3 Th 4 F 5 S 6 S, 7 M 8 T 9 W 10 Th 11 F 12 S 13 & 14 M 15 T 16 W 17 Th 18 F 19 S 20 21 M 22 T 23 W 24 Th 25 F 26 S 27 & 28 M 29 T 80 W AUGUST, 1857. TERMS AND EEMAKABLE EVENTS. Lammas.—BaXtle of the Nile, 1798, 8th Sunday after Trinity. Summer Vacatim Com. Schools U. C. begins—Meeting McGill Univ, Society. 9th Sunday after Trinity. St. Lawrence —Grammar Schools U. C., Summer Term begins. Battle of Lake Champlain, 1814. First Book printed by Faust, 1437. [Tchernaya, 1855. lOTH Sunday after Trinity.— Capture of Bomarsund, 1854— Battle of the Summer Vacation Common Schools TJ. C. ends. Queen Victoria and Prince Albert visited Paris, 1855. Victoria College Fall Term and McGill High School Term begins. llTH Sunday after Trinity.— New York (Province)ceded to Britain, 1667, St. Bartholomew. Prince Albert born, 1819—Battle of Cressy, 1340. Exam, for Barrister (honors), U. C. St. Augustine.—'Exwci. for Barrister, U. C. St. John the Baptist beheaded. 12th Sunday after Trinity. Trinity Term (Law) U. C. begins. SEPTEMBER, 1 8 5 7. TERMS AND REMARKABLE EVENTS. St. Michael’s College Session begins. Meeting Toronto University Association. Exam, for Student at-Law (honors), U. C- Exam, for Student*at-Law, U. C Old St. Bartholomew .—College Michaelmas Term begins. 13th Sunday after Trinity. Montreal capitulated 1760- [topol. 1855. Laval Univ. First Term, and U. C. Coll. Autumn Term begin—Fall of Sebas- McGill College Session (Arts) begin.s. Trinity Term (Law) U. C. ends. 14th Sunday after Trinity. Allies lauded at Eupatoria, Crimpa, 1854—.Jewish year 5618 begins. Normal Schools L. C. Sessions begin—First English Eailway opened, 1830. First Parliament of Upper Canada met at Niagara 1792. Quebec taken, 1759. 15TH Sunday after Trinitv.—T he Battle of the Alma, 1854. St. Matthew .—University inaugurated, 1854. Toronto University Association instituted, 1856. Examinations in Law and Medicine, Univ. Toronto, begin. Old Holy Rood .—Allied Armv took possession of Balaklava, 1854. 16TH Sunday after Trinity. Battle of Marathon, B. C., 400. , Michaelmas ..—defeated at Kars and Eupatoria, 1855. 10 ALMANAC. OCTOBER, 1857. Days of M. I W. TERMS AND REMARKABLE EVENTS. Univ. Coll. Michaelmas Term, and Knox Coll. Session begin. Jacques Cartier arrived at Montreal, 1535. Old St. Matthew.—Tlrm. Coll. Michaelmas Term begins. [pleted 1835. 17th Sunday after Trinity.— First perfect edition of English Bible com- Toronto Sch. Medicine Session begins.—Exams. Gram. Sch. Masters, Medical [Board, U.C., and Land Surveyors. Queen’s Coll. Session begins.—Bishop’s College inaugurated, 1854 Discovery of the North West passage announced, 1853. Gram. Schs., U.C. Summer Term, ends. Royal Charter, Queen’s College, 1841. 18th Sunday after Trinity.— O/Id Michaelmas Bay. ' Gram. Schs. U.C., Autumn Term begins.—Royal Charter Victoria Coll. 1836. Exam. Coll. Phys. and Surg., L.C., at Quebec.—Battle of Queenston, 1812. Battle of Hastings, 1066. Normal School IJ. C., Summer Session ends.—English law introduced into [Upper Canada, 1792. First Bombardment of Sebastopol, 1854—Kinburn captured, 1855. 19TH Sunday after Trinity. U. P. Divinity Hall Session begins- Battle of Trafalgar. 1803. 20th Sunday after Trinity.- Battle of Chateauguay, 1813. St. Simon and St. Jude. Battle of Fort Erie, 1812. All Hallow Eve. •Battle of Agincourt, 1415.—Cavalry charge [at Balaklava, 1854. NOVEMBER, 1857 TERMS AND REMARKABLE EVENTS. All Saints-21st Sunday after TRiNiTY.-Normal Sch.,U.C., inaug.1847. McGill College Sessions (Law, Medicine and special) begin. Queen’s Coll Divinity classes begin.—Battle of Oltenitza, 18.53. Battle of Inkerman, 1854. Battle of Tippecanoe. 1811. 22nd Sunday after Trinity, Prince of Wales born, 1841. Battle of Williamsburgh, 1813. Exam, for Barrister, (honors), U.C. Exam, for Barrister, U.C. Scurce of the Nile, discovered by Bruce, 1770. 23rd Sunday after Trinity. Mich. Term (Law), and Winter Session Normal School, U.C. begin. Battle of Chrysler’s Farm, 1813. Meeting Toronto University Association. Exam, for Student at Law. (honors), U.C. Exam, for Student at Law, U.C. Cape of Good Hope doubled. 1497. 24th Sunday after Trinity. Old 3Iartinmas. Kars surrendered after a seven month’s seigc, 1855. East India Company incorporated. Michaelmas Term (Law) U.C., ends. 1ST Sunday in Advent. St- Andrews.—\J. C. Coll. Autumn Term, ends.—Massacre at Sinope, 1853. ALMANAC. 11 Days of M. I W 1 T 2 W 3 Th 4 F 5 S 6 Si 7 M 8 T 9 W 10 Th 11 F 12 S 13 S 14 M 15 T 16 W 17 Th 18 F 19 S 20 s 21 M 22 T 23 W 24 Th 25 F 26 S 27 S 28 M 29 T 30 W 31 Th Days of M. I W. 1 F 2 S 3 S> 4 M 5 T 6 W 7 Th 8 F 9 S 10 S> 11 M 12 T 13 W 14 Th 15 F 16 S 17 S> 18 M 19 T 20 W 21 T 22 F 23 S 24 Si 25 M 26 T 27 W 28 Th 29 F 30 S 31 Si DECEMBER, 1 85 7. TERMS AND REMARKABLE EVENTS. U. C. Coll. Winter Term begins. French Empire restored, 1852. Univ. Coll. Michaelmas Term Lectures end. 2nd Sunday in Advent. Univ. Coll. Michaelmas Examinations begin. Conception .—Royal Charter Laval University, 1852. Pilgrim Fathers landed at Plymouth Rock, 1620. .3rd Sunday in Advent. Gram, and Com. School Assessments, U. C., available. Victoria College Fall Term ends. Lord Elgin’s administration closed, 1854. Univ. Coll, and Trin. Col). Michaelmas Terms end.—Battle at Niagara, 1813. 4th Sunday in Advent. St. Thomas. Shortest day. Bishop’s College Michaelmas Term ends. Gram. Sch., U.C., Autumn Term ends.—Half-yearly Exams. Gram. Schs. [Schs., U. C., begin. Christmas Eve. Laval Univ. First Term ends. Christmas Holidays Com. Christmas.— Alterations in School Sections, U. C., take eflect. St. Stephen. 1ST Sunday after Christmas.— .St. 3of)n tfte fiKbangflist. Innocents. Society of Jesuits founded, 1534. [local newspapers. Half-yearly S. Returns. Com. School reports in Cities, Towns and Villages, U. C., to be published in JANUARY, 1858. TERMS AND REMARKABLE EVENTS. Circumcision.— Union of Great Britain and Ireland, 1801. General Wolfe born, 1727. 2nd Sunday after Christmas. U. C. College inaugurated, 1850. Exams. Gram. Sch. Masters.—Medical Board, U. C.—Land Surveyors. Epiphany. Twelfth Day. [Second, Terms begin. Univ. Coll. Easter, Victoria Coll, and Gram. Schs. Winter, and Laval Univ. Crimea ceded to Russia, 1784. 1st Sunday after Epiphany. Trill. Coll. Lent Term begins. Annual Common School Elections, U. C. Gram, and Com. Schs., U. C., and Educ. Ins. Reports due.—Trin. Coll, inaug.. Bishop’s College Lent Term begins. [1852. 2nd Sunday after Epiphany. Municipal Councils, Cities, Towns, Villages and Townships, U.C., meet. First English Parliament, 1261.—U. S. Independence acknowledged, 1783. 3rd Sunday after Epiphany. County Councils, U. C., meet. Sunday Schools first established. Royal Charter Bishop’s College, 1853.—Exam, for Barristers (honors) U. C. Lord Elgin Governor General, 1847.—Exam, for Barristers, U. C. Chief Superiniendents’ U. and L. C. Financial Reports. [U. C. Septuagesima Senday.—Two Gram. Sch. Trustees retire from each Board, 12 ALMANAC. FEBRUARY, 1858. Days of M. 1 W. 1 M 2 T 3 W 4 Th 5 F 6 S 7 S 8 M 9 T 10 W 11 Th 12 F IS S 14 s, 15 M 16 T 17 W 18 Th 16 F 20 S 21 « 22 .M 2} T 24 W 25 Th 26 F 27 S 28 « TERMS, AND REMARKABLE EVENTS. Hilary Term, (Lw,) U.C., begins.—Notice from R. C. Separate School Sup* Caadlema^. [porters.—Meeting, McGill Universitv Society. Meeting Toronto Univ. Association and Grammar School Boards, U.C. E'camination for Stu lent at Law. (honors,) TJ. C. Examination for Student at Law, U.C. Printing discovered, 1458.—B ittle of Elizabethtown, 1813. SE.tAGES[MA ScNDAT.— Lord Palmerstoii’s Ministry, 1855. Canada ceded to Great Britain, 1763. Queen Victoria and Prince Albert married, 1840. Hilary Term, (Law.) TJ.C., ends. QuiNQUAaESiMA SUNDAY.— Valentine. National Debt of England commenced, 1697. Shrove Tuesday. Ash Wednesday. Canada settled, 1534.—Battle of Eupatoria, 1855. Tythes abolished in Upper Canada 1823, 1st Sunday in Lent.— Ti'S 92 re.solutions passed, 1834. University College Society instituted, 1854. Troops left England for the East. 1854. Peace Congress met at Paris, 1856. Victoria College and U C, College Winter Terms end. 2nd ^undxy tn Lent. MARCH, 1 85 8. Days of M. |W. 1 M 2 T 3 W 4 Th 6 F 6 S 7 .s 8 M 9 T 10 W 11 Th 12 F 13 S 14 « 15 M 16 T 17 W 18 Th 19 F 20 S 21 « 22 M 23 T 24 W 25 Th 26 F 27 S 23 .s 29 M 30 T 31 W TERMS, AND REMARKABLE EVENTS. St. Z> Twii.—County Clerks’ reports to Education Department due- Vic. Coll, and U. C. Coll. Spring Terras begin.—Emperor Nicholas died 1855. Normal Schools. L.C., inaugurated, 1857.—Royal Charter Trin. Coll. Dub., 1691. First American Congress, 1798. 3ed Sunday in Lent.—T oronto Univ. authorized to elect a member, 1820. First Grammar School Act, U.C,, passed, 1807. Baltic Fleet led out to sea by the Queen, 1824. Desjardin’s Railway Bridge Catastrophe, 1857- 4TH Sunday in Lent. Royal Charter University of Toronto, 1827. Caesar invaded Britain, 55 B.C.—French Prince Imperial born, 1856. St. Patrick. Troops left France for the East, 1854. 5TH Sunday in Lent. Bombardment of Odessa, 1854. Annunciation. Trinity College Lent Term and Toronto School Medicine Se.ssion end. Sunday before Easter.— War declared against Russia, 1854. Treaty of Peace with Rus^a, 1856. Laval University Second Tei m, and Knox’s College Session end. THE SCHOOLS—UPPER CANADA. 13 mt StDoots. UPPEK CANADA. The earliest references toeducation in Upper Canada are contained in the instructions of Governor General Lord Dorcliester to the Surveyor General, in IVSQ,—directing him to set apart two lots in each township for the endowment of schools; and in the coriespondence between the Imperial and Provincial Governments in lYltS-S. Nothing, 1 owever, was done until 1798, when lands were set apart bj the Crown for the support of a University and Grammar Schools. In 1807, the Parliament of Upper Canada passed its first enactment relating to education, by establishing Grammar Schools in each District of the Province. In 1816, provision was made for the esta¬ blishment of Common Schools, by an annual grant of £6,000, and by authorizing the inhabitants of any town, village or township “to meet together and make arrangements for Common Schools therein, and to choose three fit and discreet persons as their trustees, to examine into the moral character and capacity of any person willing to become a teacher, and appoint him if approved ” The trustees were also authorized to select text¬ books, subject to a local Board of Education, to which they were also required to repoi t. In 1820, this annual Common School grant was lessened to £2.500, although during the previous year. Parliament had made provi¬ sion for an additional Gram.mar School in each District, and for educating ten pupils.—selected from the Common Schools,—at each Grammar School in the Province, and requiring these schools to educate at least ten pupils each, or sutfer a decrease of allowance. Two years afterwards, the first provi>ion for superintending the schools was made by the appointment of a Board of Education; and in 1824 ihe first attempt towards providing the public with “books and tracts de-igned to afford moral and ndigious instruction.” During the years of political strife which followed, little was accomplished except the appointmeut of a Parliamentary Commission in 1836, to en- 14 THE SCHOOLS. quire into the systems of education of other countries. The result was the presentation of a valuable report and draft of Bill; but the eventful crisis of 1837 prevented the legislative action necessary to give effect to the proposed measures. In 1841, on the union of the Provinces under the government of Lord Sydenham, a system of Common School education was definitely established, and endowed with ample funds; but the measure— intended to apply to the United Province—was found imperfect, and, ac¬ cordingly, a separate law for each section of Canada was passed in 1843. The following year witnessed the appointment of the Rev. Dr. Ryerson, the present Head of the Department of Education,—who, with a thorough knowledge of the wants and capabilities of his country, “ combined rare administrative abilities, indomitable energy and intellectual vigor. Pre¬ liminary to his reconstructing, on a broader and more lasting foundation, the entire system of public instruction, he devoted a year to a study of the systems of education in Europe and America, and embodied the result in a Report on a System of Public Elementary Education for Upper Canada, in which he also gave a comprehensive sketch of the system of education recommended for adoption by Parliament. His recommendations were approved; and the system so sketched is now in suceessful operation—one which is invariably referred to with pride and satisfaction by Canadians, and with admiration by strangers.” (a) The system of education under the direction of the Department includes two classes of schools. Grammar or Classical Schools, and Common or Ele¬ mentary Schools—the former managed by Trustees appointed by each Coimty Council; the latter by Trustees elected by the people. At the head of both is placed the Normal School for the instruction and train¬ ing of Teachers in the best methods of school organization and the art of teaching. The outlines of the system are to a certain extent drawn from the following sources;—From Germany, our system of educating teachers in the science of their work; from Ireland, our series of national school books, and rules in regard to religious instruction; from New England, the principle that education should be provided at the expense of the state; —but all so modified and engrafted on the institutions of the country as to be universally referred to as a complete system, peculiarly Canadian and “ racy of the soil.” The municipal institutions of the country are, perhaps, more complete than any other in the world, and with them the school system is, to a great extent, harmonized. In the rural parts of the country each township has its municipal council, one of the powers of which is to divide the township into school sections of a sufficient extent to maintain a Common School. In each section, three Trustees are elected, who form its school corporation, employ (o) American Journal of Education and College Review, 1856, p. 191. UPPER CANADA. 16 the teacher,levy such rates as the inhabitants vote, and otherwise promote education with the restrictions, however, that their school must be kept open by a qualified teacher for at least six months each year, and that if rate-bills for attendance at the school be levied, they shall not exceed Is. 3d. per month for each pupil, but that any balance (if not the whole amount) required for the teacher’s salary and expenses of the school, shall be pro¬ vided by a tax on the property of the inhabitants. A public fund, consisting of a Parliamentary Grant and an equal sum raised by assessment in each municipality, is divided among the sections according to the atteodance at each school, and assists the inhabitants in paying their teacher. In towns and villages the same system is carried out, save that the council is invested with no power except that of collecting such money as is required by the Board of School Trustees for the municipality—which board is elected by the people in the ratio of two members for each ward, and decides upon the school arrangements and expenditure, without any previous authority from their constituents, save the responsibilities of their election. The Grammar Schools are generally situated in these munifipalities, and are managed by an independent board, but with the proviso that they may accept a union with the Common School board, and provide fora complete gradation of schools. It is much to be regretted, however, that Parlia- naent has not seen fit to grant more enlarged powers to the Boards of Grammar School Trustees ; but it is hoped that the increasing intelligence of the country will develop more patriotic and popular views on the sub¬ ject of liberal education, and cause it to be regarded as an integral part of a complete system of National Instruction. The inspection of Schools takes place twice each year, by oflficers appointed for that purpose: the Common Schools by Local Superin¬ tendents appointed by each County Council, (a) and who are also required to deliver a lecture in each section once a year ; and the Grammar Schools by Inspectors, appointed by a central provincial authority. Public officers and clergymen of the different religious persuasions in the country are authorized to act as School Visitors, and to aid in pro¬ moting the interests of Education in their neighbourhoods. In each county there is a Board of Public Instruction, composed of the Local Superintendents and Trustees of the Grammar Schools, by which all teachers in such county are licensed—save those who obtain Provincial Certificates from the Chief Superintendent. In connection with the schools, there is also established a system of Free Public Libraries, which may be under the control of the local school, or municipal, authorities, and which is also supported by local tax, and an (a) The Local Superintendents in cities, towns, and villages are appointed by their respective Board* of School Trustees. 16 THE SCHOOLS. equal amount granted from the Public Library Fund. The manner of establishing these libraries is as follows: The Department issues a catalogue containing, at the present time, say 6000 volumes,which have been sanctioned by the Council of Public Instruction. A local school, or municipal, corpora¬ tion makes an appropriation, and transmits the money, and a list of such books as it selects, to the Department. One hundred percent, is then added to the amount, and books to the value of the two sums are forwarded from the Library Depository of the Department, A similar system is adopted in supplying the Grammar and Common Schools with maps, prints, globes, and other school and philosophical apparatus. The Department also publishes a Journal of Education^ which is sent gratuitously to each school corporation and officer, and in which general educational information, and papers on teaching are published, as well as the official circulars and notices of the Department. At the head of the whole system there are two authorities—one legisla¬ tive and the other executive—both appointed by the Crown. The first is the Council of Public Instruction, by which the Normal School is managed, the regulations for the government of Grammar and Common Schools and Public Libraries are prescribed, and school and library books selected and authorized. The other authority is the Chief Superintendent of Education, who, as his title indicates, is the chief executive officer of the system, and as such is a member, ex officio, of the Provincial Council, and has a voice in its decisions regarding the principles of the system he administers. Questions arising under the Grammar and Common School laws, and not otherwise provided for, are decided, and all grants paid, by him ; all financial and other reports from Local Superintendents, Grammar and Common School Boards, and Sehool Treasurers, are made to him, and a summary of them is given iu his Provincial Annual Report to the Governor General and Legislature, (a) Such is a sketch of the educational system now established and warmly supported by the people of Upper Canada, and w'hich, with its 3500 Com¬ mon Schools and 70 Grammar Schools, is daily adding to the moral and intellectual wealth of the country. Interwoven alike with the institutions of the country and sympathies and heart of the people, it has attained a power not easily to be shaken, and has developed an intelligence and thought, which, aided by the enriching wealth of a liberal culture, will yet make Canadian intellects no mean contributors to the science, the literature, the freedom and the civilization of the world. (a) The greater part of this sketch is condensed from a paper on the History, Stale and Prospects of Popular Education in Upper Canada, read before the American Association for the Advancement of Education, in August, 1955, by J. George Hodgins, Esq., M.A., Deputy Superintendent of Education. The paper has been frequently referred to in England, especially by Lord Elgin and Sir John Packington, M.P. UPPER CANADA. 17 (gbutation ^Department. Appointed. 1844. Rev. Egerton Ryerson, D.D., Chief Superintendent of Education. 1844. John George Hodgins, M.A., Deputy Superintendent of Education, and Assistant Editor of ihe Journal of Education for Upper Canada. 1848. Thomas Hodgins, First Clerk of Department, and Clerk of Statistics. 1852. Alexander Johnstone Williamson, Clerk of Correspondence. 1854. Alexander Marling, Clerk of Accounts. 1856. Francis Joseph Taylor, Assistant Clerk of Statistics. Map and Library Depository Branch. 1853. Samuel Passmore May, Clerk of Depository and Libraries. 1856. Thomas I. Churchill, Assistant Clerk. 1851. Patrick O’Neil, Messenger of Department. (ETouiiril of |3uf)lic instruction. 1846. Hon. Samuel Bealy Harrison, Q.C., Chairman. 1846. Rev. Egerton Ryerson, D.D., Chief Superintendent of Education. 1850. Right Rev. Armandus Francis Mary de Charbonnel, D.D., Roman Catholic Bishop of Toronto. 1846. Rev. Henry James Grasett. B.D. 1846. Hon. Joseph Curran Morrison, Q.C., M.P.P. 1846. James Scott Howard. 1850. Rev. John Jennings. 1850. Rev. Adam Lillie, D.D. 1857. Rev. John Barclay, D.D. 1854. Rev. John McCaul, LL.D., President of University College, Member for Grammar School purposes. 1846. John George Hodgins, M.A., Recording Clerk. NORMAL AND MODEL SCHOOLS. The establishment of a Normal School, as necessary to the completion of a National System of Education, engaged public attention in 1836; but nothing was accomplished until after the appointment, in 1844, of the Rev. Egerton Ryerson, D.D., as Chief Superintendent of Education. In Feb¬ ruary, 1846, Dr. Ryerson, after investigating the systems of education in Europe and the United States, submitted to Government his Report on a System of Elementary Education for Upper Canada^ and a draft of a School bill, which obtained the assent of Parliament, 23rd May, 1846. On the 1st July following, the Board of Education (now Council of Public Instruction) was appointed for the purpose of establishing the Normal and Model Schools, and selecting text-books for the Common Schools of the Province. By agreement with the Government, the old Government House of Upper 18 THE SCHOOLS. Canada, at Toronto, was granted for the use of the Normal School, until the erection of proper buildings; and after the completion of the necessary arrangements, the Institution was formally opened for the admission of students on the 1st November, 1847. The following year the Model School was opened. On the removal of the seat of government from Montreal to Toronto, in 1849, measures were adopted for the immediate erection of buildings for the Institution, Accordingly the Legislature, in 1860, appropriated £15,000 for the purchase of a site and erection of buildings, and an addi¬ tional £10,000 in 1852—making in all £25,000, The corner stone ofthe new buildings was laid on the 2nd July, 1851, by His Excellency the Earl of Elgin and Kincardine, and the premises were formally opened on the 24th November, 1852. The Institution consists of a Normal School and two Model Schools; the former, the school of instruction by lecture; the latter the school of in¬ struction by practice. The students in the former are young persons whose ages vary from 16 or 18 to 80, and over, while the pupils in the latter are children between the ages of 5 and 16 years. In the Normal School, the teachers-in-training are instructed in the principles of education and the best methods of communicating knowledge to the youth placed under their care—are “ taught how to teachand in the Model Schools they are taught to give practical effect to those instructions, under the direction of teachers previously trained in the Normal School. The Model Schools are designed, by both the system of instruction pursued and general ar¬ rangement, to be the model for all the public schools of the Province. 1847. Thomas Jaffray Robertson, Head Master. 1853. Rev. William Ormiston, M.A., Second Master. 1848. Archibald Macallum, Teacher of Book-keeping and Master of Boys’ Model School. 1850. William Hind, Teacher of Drawing. 1856. Thomas Cooper, Teacher of Music. 1855. David Ormiston, First Assistant, Boys’ Model School, 1856. David Fotheringham, Second Assistant, Boys’ Model School. 1852. Dorcas Clark, Mistress of Girls’ Model School. 1855. Henrietta Shenick, First Assistant, Girls’ Model School. 1855. Helen Clark, Second Assistant, Girls’ Model School. 1852. Henry Goodwin, Teacher of Gymnastics and Calisthenics. 1852. William Mundie, Superintendent of Normal School Grounds. 1848‘ John Murphy, Janitor of Normal and Model Schools. 1855. James Forsyth, Gardener. 1852. James Ryan, Furnace Man. 1856. Thomas Gra}', Furnace Man. OFFER CANADA. 19 Candidates for admission into the ISTormal School are required to comply with the followiog; Age. Male students to be not less than 18, and female students not less than 16 years of age. 1. To produce a ceriificate of good moral character, dated within three months of its presentation, and signed by a clergyman of the religious persuasion to which they belong. 2. To sign a declaration of their intention to devote themselves to school teaching. 3. To pass an examination in the following subjects: Reading and writing; Simple rules of Arithmetic ; Elements of Geography and English Grammar. Sessions.— The sessions commence on the 15th May and 15th November of each year, and continue for a period of five months each. Application for admission must be made during the first week of the session. An allowance equal to the rate of 5s. per week, is payable at the end of the session, to those students who obtain a Provincial Certificate. At the close of each session, Provincial Certificates of qualification as Common School Teachers are granted by the Chief Superintendent of Education to those students who pass the required examination, and are recommended by the Masters, The certificates are divided into two classes, according to the following subjects:— Qualifications for Second Class Provincial Certificates. English. —Reading correctly ^and intelligibly; common rules of ortho¬ graphy ; correct spelling from dictation; prefixes and affixes, and the Latin and Greek roots most common in the English language ; composition on any familiar subject, and a good business letter ; rudiments of the phi¬ losophy of grammar; analysis and parsing of any easy sentence; writing. History and Geography. —Rudiments of mathematical, political, and physical geography; outlines of the history of the world, from the crea¬ tion to the present time. Arithmetic. —Notation; elementary rules; fractions; ratio and propor¬ tion ; square and cube roots. Algebra. —Definitions and notation ; elementary rules; fractions ; simple equations, of one or more unknown quantities. Geometry. —Euclid, book I., with exercises. Natural Philosophy. —Properties of matter; heat; elements of mecha¬ nics, and natural phenomena. Physiology. —First elements. Art of Teaching. —Rudiments of the science of education, and the art of teaching: learning the latter by instruction in the lecture-rooms of the Nor¬ mal School, and by practice in the Model School. Qualifications for First Class Provincial Certificates. Candidates for First Class Certificates are required to pass an examination in the subjects appointed for the Second Class, together with the following additional subjects:— English. —Reading with ease, intelligence and expression ; principles of reading and pronounciation; composition on any familiar subject; the fundamental laws that regulate composition ; analysis of prominent defects and beauties in style; rudiments of the science of language and of general grammar as applied to all languages ; principal rules of grammar traced to to their origin ; parsing and analysis of sentences in prose and verse ; change of construction ; writing ; book-keeping. History and Geography. —Outlines of the histories of England and Canada; rudiments of the philosophy of history; mathematical, political and physical geography. 20 THE SCHOOLS. Arithmetic. —The properties of numbers, and different scales of notation; interest and annuities ; progression ; logarithms; mensuration. Algebra. —Powers and roots; equations of the second degree, pure and affected ; surds ; progression; continued fractions and exponential equations. Geometry. —Euclid, books II, III and IV, with exercises. Natural Philosophy. —Elements of pneumatics, hydrostatics, electricity and magnetism. Chemistry. —Elements, as applied to agricultural chemistry. Physiology, Elements of both vegetable and animal. Art of Teaching. —Principles of the science of education, and the prac¬ tical rules deduced therefrom; modes of teaching the different subjects; method of classifying and organizing different kinds of schools (rural, ward and central) ; dimensions and structure of school-houses and furniture; prac¬ tical teaching in the Model School. N.B.—Drawing and music constitute parts of the course in the senior division, but are not considered in the certificate. GRAMMAR SCHOOLS. The Grammar Schools act as the connecting link between the Common Schools and the University, and are designed “to give instruction in the higher branches of a practical English and Commercial education, in¬ cluding the elements of Mechanics and Natural Philosophy; and also in the Greek and Latin languages, and in Mathematics, so far as to prepare Students for University College, or any College affiliated to the Univer¬ sity of Toronto.” By the Act, 16 Victoria, cap. 186, under which these schools are con¬ ducted, the Master of each Senior Grammar School (that one situated in the County Town) is required to keep a journal of the Meteorological Obser¬ vations made by him, with instruments furnished for that purpose by the Education Department, and to furnish abstracts of the same from time to time to the Chief Superintendent, certifying that the observations have been made with due care and regularity, (a) Masters of Grammar Schools must be Graduates of a University, or ob- tain'a certificate from the Committee of Examiners, after an examination in all the subjects required for matriculation in the Faculty of Arts in the University of Toronto. The examinations take place in the Normal School School Buildings, on the first Monday of January, April, July, and October. Cnspectovs of ©ramtnar Sci^ools. 1855. Thomas JatFray Robertson. [ 1855. Rev. Wra. Ormiston, M.A. (Committee of Eiamtners. Thomas Jaffray Robertson, Head Master of the Normal School, Chairman. Frederick W. Barron, M.A. | Rev, Wm. Ormiston, M.A.,Necrefa?*!/. (a) For the special information of Grammar School Masters, it is important to state that the Director of the Observatory, as Professor of Meteorology in University College, delivers an annual course of lectures on that science during Hilary Terra, and also sets apart from 3 o’clock in the afternoons of Wednesday and Friday each week, for special explanation of the Instruments, and mode of taking observations, at the Observatory. UPPER CANADA. 21 Pupils before admission to any grammar school are required to pass an entrance examination in the following : reading ; writing; spelling ; simple and compound rules of arithmetic, reduction and simple proportion ; elements of English Grammar and parsing; definitions and outlines of Geography. The admission of pupils commencing classical studies takes place twice a year ; at the beginning of the winter and summer terms. The course after admission includes the subjects required for matricula¬ tion in the Faculty of Arts in the University of Toronto. Terms.—T here are four terms each year: Winter term from the 'Ith January to the Tuesday next before Easter; Spring term from the Wednesday after Easter, to the last Friday in June; Summer term from the second Monday in August, to the Friday next before the 15th October; Autumn term^ from the Monday following the close of the summer term, to the 22nd December. Mem —The italic letter after the names of the Head Masters indicates their Uni¬ versities: a Aberdeen; c Queen's College, Cambridge; d Trinity College, Dublin; g Glasgow; h Hamilton College, U.S.; j Jelferson College, U. S.; m McGill College; q Queen’s College, Kingston; sa St, Andrews ; t I'rinity College, Toronto; u Univer¬ sity of Toronto; v Victoria College, Cobourg; y Yale College, U. S. Name. County. Chairman of Trustees. Head Master. Ancaster .'Wentworth.L. A. Gurnett, s .James Regan. Ashton.Carleton. Barrie*.Simcoe.Rev. S. B. Ardagh, A.M.,...Rev.F. W. Checkley,A.B. d Bath .Addington .John Lasher, .Stuart Foster.f Beamsville ...Lincoln.Rev. F. J. Lundy, D.C.L. W. Cruickshank, A.M, a Belleville* ...Hastings .M, Bowell, .Ale.xander Burdoti. Berlin*.Waterloo.W. Davidson, s .Francis Evans, B.A. t Bond Head ...Simcoe .Alex, Gaviller,. Bowmanville Durham .James Mann.James Rollo. A.B. q Brampton ...Peel .W. Johnston,.J. Thompson, A.B. q Brantford* ...Brant.James Wilkes, .D J. MacLean, A.B q Brighton .Northumberland.A. C. Singleton,.B. P. Lister, B.A. u Brockville* ...Leeds.Rev. J. T. Lewis, LL.D.... J. J. Dunlop, A.M. d Caledonia.Haldimand.Rev. A. Ferrier, D.D. CarletonPlaceLanark.Rev. J. S. Laiidcr.P. McLaren,, A.B. q Chatham*.Kent.Rev. W. King .George Jamieson. Cobourg*.Northumberland. Yen. A. N. Beihune, D.D. S. Lightburne, M-i. « Colborne .Northumberland R. M. Boucher .James B. Dixon. Consecon.Prince Edward ...W. Patten .Octavus Weld, B.A. t Cornwall*.Stormont.Rev. H. Patton .W. Kay, A.M, q DemorestsvillePrince Edward.. DrummoudvilleWelland.William A. Rooth. Dundas.Wentworth.Thos. Robertson, s .J. King, A.M. d Elora.Wellington.Rev. J. Smithurst .Rev. J. G. Maegregor. Fonthili .Welland . Fingal .Elgin. Galt .Waterloo .Rev. M. Boomer, A.B.W. Tassie, B.A. u Gananoque ...Leeds.Hon. J. McDonald .W. Bell, A.B. q Goderich* ...Huron .James Watson .John Haldan, Jr. Grimsby.Lincoln.J, Woolverton.D. Campbell Guelph* .Wellington.Rev. A. Palmer, M.A.Rev. E.M. Stewart, A.M. d Hamilton* ...Wentworth.W. Craigie, B.A. s .H. J. Woodroffe, A.B. d Ingersoll .Oxford .John McDonald.R. T. Livingstone.! Kemptville ...Gi-enville.Rev. J. Anderson, A.M. ... Kingston* ...Frontenac .T. Kirkpatrick, Q.C.W. J, Irwin, M.A. c Lanark.Lanark.A.Caldwell .William Stitt.f Lindsay.Victoria .T. A. Hudspeth, B.A. s . ...William Daunt.t London* .Middlesex .Rev. B. Cronyn, D.D.B. Bayly, A.B. fZ L’Orignal* ...Prescott .C. P. Treadwell .A. McNaughton. Matilda.Dundas.J. Brouse .A. Carman, B.A. v. Merrittsville* Welland .L. D. Raymond, s . Milton*.Halton.R. Miller..R. Matheson, B A. n Napanee .Lennox.F. V. Carey, M.D.Robert'Phillips.! Newburgh ...Addington .C. H, Miller .D. Beach, M.i^. v Newmarket...York .Rev. S, F. Ramsav, M.A....S. A. Marling, M.A. v. Niagara* .Lincoln.Rev. T. Creen .Rev. H. N. Phillipps. 22 THE SCHOOLS. Name. County. Chairman of Trustees. Head Master. Norwood .Peterborough ...James Foley. Oakville .Halton.G. K. Chisholm, M.P.P Rev. A. Dick, A.M. h Oakwood .Victoria. Omemee.Victoria. Ottawa* .Carleton .G. B. L. Fellowes. M.P.P. W. A. Ross, A.B. q Owensound*.Grey .Rev. A. H. R. Mulholland. Pakeuham.Lanark.Rev. A. Mann, A.M. Paris.Brant.R. McCosh .D. Lennox, A.B. j Perth* .Lanark.Rev. \V. Bain, A.M.J. McL. Bell, A.B. g Peterborough*...Peterborough ..Thomas White, Jr. s .John W. Kerr.t Picton*.Prince Edward G. Gillespie, M.D. s.Donald McLennan.t Port Dover.Norfolk.Walker Powell .Rev. W. W. Nelles, A.M Port Hope .Durham .Thomas Benson .John Gordon.! Prescott .Grenville.W. Patrick, M.P.P.O. T. Miller, A.M. g. Renfrew .Renfrew .Rev. G. Thompson, xi.M... Richmond .Carleton .Joseph Hinton.Rev. C. B. Pettif, B.A. m> Richmond Hill...York.G. P. Dickson .Rev. James Boyd.t St. Catharines...Lincoln.Rev. A. Dixon, B.A.W. F. Hubbard, A.M. y St. Thomas*.Elgin.D. J. Hughes .Rev. J. Fraser, A.B. a Sandwich* .Essex.Albert Prince. Sarnia*.Lambton. Alex. Vidal.John Walker. Simcoe*.Norfolk.Rev. F. Evans .G. M. Evans, B A. u Smith’s Falls ...Lanark.W. H. Burrett .N, Dunbar, A.B. q Stirling.Hastings .Geor^ P. Bull . Stratford* .Perth.Rev. E. Patterson.C. J. Macgregor, B.A. u Streetsville.Peel .Rev. R. .1. Macgeorge.Rev. John McClure.f Thorold.Welland.Rev. T. B. Fuller, D.D.... Toronto* .York.Rev. H. J. Grasett, B.D. M. C. Howe, A.B. d Trenton .Hastings .Rev. W. Bleasdell, M.A.s Uxbridge.Ontario. Vankleekhill.Prescott .J. Stirling, M.D.G, N. Higginsou, B.A. t Vienna .Elgin.J. M. Craufurd.Richard H. Hairis.t Waterloo.Frontenac .W. Beamish . Weston.York..W. Nason, s . Whitby* .Ontario.Rev. R. H. Thornton .W. McGabe.t Williamstown...Glengarry.Rev. T. McPherson, A.M... W, Fergusson, A.M. sa W^oodstock* ... Oxford.Rev. W. Bettridge, B.D....George Strauchou. COMMON SCHOOLS. The Common Schools are intended to provide for the elementary education of all the children of the country—from the alphabet to the subjects of First Class Normal School Certificates. Teachers of Common Schools must hold Certificates of qualification either from the Board of Public Instruction of the County or Circuit in which they teach, or from the Chief Superintend¬ ent of Education, as provided in the regulations on pages 19 and 20. N.B.—Candidates are not eligible to be admitted to examination until they shall have furnished the Examiners with satisfactory evidence of their strictly temperate habits and good moral character. The following are the subjects for the examination and classification of Teachers of Common Schools, by the County Boards. Minimum QualHications of Third Class Teachers. Candidates for certificates are required : 1. To be able to read intelligibly and correctly any passage from any common reading book. 2. To be able to spell correctly the words of an ordinary sentence dictated by the Exami¬ ners. 3. To be able to write a plain hand. 4. To be able to work readily questions in the simple and compound rules of arithmetic, and in reduction and proportion, and to be familiar with the principles on which these rules depend. 5. To know the elements of English grammar, and to be able to parse any easy sentence in prose. 6. To be acquainted with the elements * Senior Grammar Schools, i. e. situated in county towns. ! Licensed by Committee of Examiners. t Secretary. UPPER CANADA. 23 of geography, and the general outlines of the globe. 7. To have some knowledge of school organization and the classification of pupils. 8. In re¬ gard to teachers of French or German, a knowledge of the French or German grammar may be substituted for a knowledge of the English grammar, and the certificates to the teachers expressly limited accordingly. Minimum. Qualifications of Second Class Teachers. Candidates for certificates as second class teachers, in addition to what is required of candidates for third class certificates, are required: 1. To be able to read with ease, intelligence and expression, and to be familiar with the principles of reading and pronunciation. 2. To write a bold free hand, and to bo acquainted with the rules of teaching writing. 3. To know frac¬ tions, involution, evolution, and commercial and mental arithmetic. (Female candidates for this class of certificates will only be examined in practice and mental arithmetic.) 4. To be acquainted with the elements of book-keeping 6. To know the common rules of orthography, and to be able to parse any sentence in prose or poetry which may be submitted; to write gramatically, with correct spelling and punctuation, the substance of any passages which may be read, or any topics which may be suggested. 6. To be familiar with the elements of mathematical, physical, and civil or political geography, as contained in any school geography. Minimum Qualifications of First Class Teachers. Candidates for certificates as first class teachers, in addition to what is required of candidates for third and second class certificates, are required: 1. To be acquainted with the rules for the mensuration of superfices and solids, and the elements of land surveying. 2. To be familiar with the simple rules of algebra, and to be able to solve problems in simple and quadratic equations. 3. To know the first four books of Euclid. 4. To be familiar with the elements and outlines of general history. 5. To have some acquaintance with the elements of vegetable and animal physiology, and natural philosophy, as far as taught in the fifth book of national readers. 6. To understand the proper organization and management of schools, and the improved methods of teaching. Female candidates for first class certificates will not be examined in the subjects mentioned in the first three paragraphs under this head. Eocal ,Supcrtntcnliruts of tCommon ,gcf)ools. Townships. Names, Post Office Address. Addington: Amherst Island.Daniel Fowler.Amherst Island. Camden East and Sheffield .Allan Ruttan, M.D.Newburgh. Ernestown .Robert Aylsworth .Odessa. Brant: Brantford .Rev. Alex. A. Drummond...Brantford, Burford and Oakland.Rev. William Hay .Scotland. Dumfries South.Rev. John Dunbar.Glenmorris. Onondaga.Robert Alger .Brantford. Bruce; Arran, Elderslie and Saugeen.Rev. J. H. McNaughton ...Saugeen. Brant, Garrick, Culross and Greenock..W. C. Bruce .Paisley. Bruce, Huron, Kincardine and Kinloss.William Gunn.Inverhuron. Carleton: Fitzroy.Rev. John A. Morris, M.A.. Fitzroy Harbour. Gloucester and Osgoode.Rev. William McGill.Osgoode. Goulbourn, Gower North, Marlbo¬ rough and Nepean .Rev. C. B. Pettit, B.A.Richmond. Huntley and March.Rev. James Godfreys .Carp. Torbolton.Rev. Alex. Henderson .Fitzroy Harbour. 24 THE SCHOOLS. Townships. Names. Post Office Address. Dundos : Matilda.A. Worthingrton .Matilda. Mountain.Rev. James Harris.South Mountain. Williamsburgh .John G. McLaughlin..Morrisburg. Winchester.John Irwin Ker^.Winchester. Durham: Cartwright and Manvers .Rev. William Logan.Cartwright. Cavan ..Rev. T. W. Allen.Cavan. Clarke .Rev. George Lawrence.Newcastle. Darlington .Rev. John Climie .Bowmanville. Hope.Duncan Cleghorn .Port Hope. JSlg i n ; East RidingBayham, Dorchester South, Malahideand Yarmouth.Rev. Edmund Sheppard ...Orwell. West Riding:—Aldborough, Dunwich and Southwold .Archibald McLachlin .St. Thomas. Essex: Anderdon. Colchester . Gosfield . Maidstone and Sandwich Malden. Mersea . Rochester. Tilbury West. .Joseph R. Berthelot .Amherstburgh. .Rev. F. Gore Eliot.Colchester. .James King .Kingsville. .Chas. A. Casgrain, M.D.Sandwich. .James Kevill .Amherstburgh. .Jonathan Wigfield.Mersea. .Francis Graham.Belle River. .Alexander Craig.Comber. Frontenac: Kingston.John Irvine .Elginburgh. Loughborough .Asa Philips .Loughborough. Pittsburgh and Howe Island . Rev. E. 0 . Bower . Kingston. Portland and Hinchinbrooke .James J. McDonald .Spike’s Corners. Storrington.John Spring.Storrington. Wolfe Island .Edward Murray.Wolfe Island. Glengarry: Charlottenburgh .Hector McRae.Williamstown. Kenyon.Angus McDonell.Alexandria. Lancaster.William McEdward .Lancaster. Lochiel.Owen Quigley.Lochiel. Grey: First School District:—Derby, Hol¬ land, Sullivan and S.vdenham .Thomas Gordon .Owen Sound. Second School District:—Bentinck, Egromont, Glenelg and Normanby...Rev. A. Stuart.Bentinck. Tt^ird School District :—Collingwood, Euphrasia and St. Vincent.Rev. J.F.A.S. Fayette, A.M.St. Vincent. Fourth School District:—Artemesia, Melancthon, Osprey and Proton.MMliam Ferguson.Pricevillc. Grenville: Augusta .Francis Blakely .North Augusta. Edwardsburgh .William B. Imrie .Spencerville. Gower South.Daniel B. Pelton.Heck’s Corners. Oxford .Rev. Richard Lewis, M.A...Kemptville. Wolford.John Biirchill .Merrickville. Haldimand; Canborough. Cayuga North. Capiga South. Dunn. Moulton and Sherbrooke . Oneida . Rainhaiu . Seneca . Walpole . Hastings ; Huntingdon . Hunger ford. Madoc, Elzevir and Tudor. Marmora . .Thomas C. Pinkett.Canboro. .Alexander AVinram.Cayuga. .Abraham Nash.South Cayuga. .Theodore Sheehan.Dunnville. .John Mylne .Dunnville. .Rev. Andrew Ferrier, D.D.. Seneca. .William Jones.Rainham Centre. .AV. Hursell .York. ..John Heasman .Balmoral. .James J. Ryan..AVest Huntingdon. .B. S. AVilson. .Roslin. .Richard Corrigan .Madoc. .George AAdggins .Marmora. UPPER CANADA. 25 Townships. Names. Post Office Address. Rawdon .Joshua McLean .Stirline:. Sidney .Thomas D. Farley .Belleville, Thurlow .William Sills.Canifl’ton. Tyendinaga.Frederick Warwick .Shannonville. Holton ; Esquesing .Rev, John Armour.Stewartown, Nassagaweya .Rev. Andrew J. Macauley.,.Nassagawe 3 'a. Nelson .Rev. Thomas Greene, A.B..Port Nelson. Trafalgar.Dr. Jones .Trafalgar. Huron: Ashfield, Biddulph, Colborne, GodeO rich. Grey, Hay, Howick, Hullet, | McGillivray, McKillop,Morris,Stan- John Nairn .Goderich. ly, Stephen, Tuckersmith, Turnber- j ry, Usborne and Wawanosh. J Kent: Camden, Chatham, Dover East and" West, Harwich, Howard, Oxford, Raleigh, Romney, Tilbury East and Zone . David Mills .Clearville. Lamb ton: Brooke . Bosanquet . Dawn and Euphemia Enniskillen (a) . Moore . Plympton. Sarnia . Sombra. Warwick . ..William Benner.Aughrim. .Rev. Alfred Chute.Bosanquet. .Rev. John Gunne .Florence. •Wellington Brichan .Ennis. .Rev. Alexander Williams...Moore. .Christopher Blunden.Hillsboro. .Rev. Geo. J. R. Salter,A.B.. Sarnia. .William Patterson.Sombra. .Rev. James Smythe .Warwick. Lanark: Bathurst, Darling, Drummond, Lanark and Sherbrooke South.John A. Murdoch .Perth. Beckwith.Rev. Robert G. Cox .Carletoii Place. Burgess North .•..Very Rev. J. H. McDonoughPerth. Dalhousie, Lavant and Sherbrooke N.Rev. James Geggie. Elmsley North .Rev. John Bell Worrell.Smith’s Falls. Montague.Rev. Ebenezer Morris .Franktown. Pakenham .Rev. Alexander Mann,A.M. Pakenham. Ramsay.Rev. John McMorine .Ramsay. Leeds : Bastard and Burgess South .Lewis Chipman .Harlem. Crosby, North and South, Bedford, 01- 5 iden and Oso (6).William Robert Taylor.Newboro. Elizabethtown .Jacob A. Brown .Brockville. Elmsley South .Elisha Landon.South Elmsley. Kitley .Robert W. Ferguson.Frankville. Leeds and Lansdown Front.Robert McCrum, M.D.Gananoque. Leeds and Lansdown Rear.Henry P. Washburn.Delta. Yonge and Escott Front.William B. Gowan.Escott. Tongeand Escott Rear .Seabury Scovill .Farmersville. Lennox : Adolphustown .John J. Watson .Adolphustown. Fredericksburgh ...•.Rev. John A. Mulock.Fredericksburgh. Richmond .Ephraim A. Dunham.Napanee. Lincoln: Caistor . Clinton. Gainsborough Grantham ... Grimsby. Louth . Niagara. .Andrew Wilson .Abingdon. .Rev. William Hewson .Beams/ille. .Jacob Kennedy .Smithville. .Charles B. Milner.St. Catherines. ..JonathanWoolverton,M.D. Grimsby. .Pliilip Gregory.Port Dalhousie, .Rev, John Gibson .St. David’s. (а) This Township being under a Board of School Trustees, the Local Superintendent is appointe by that body. (б) Bedford, Olden, nd Oso are Townships in the County of Frontenac. 26 THE SCHOOLS, Townships, Middlesex: Adelaide . Caradoc. Delaware . Dorchester North. Ekfrid . Lobo and Williams . London. Metcalfe . Mosa. Nissouri West. Westminster . Names, Post Office Address. ■Rev. William Deas.Adelaide. .John Carey ...Muncey. ..Rev, R. Flood. M.A.Delaware. .John Caineron.Dorchester. .Rev. W. R. Sutherland.Strathburn. .Rev. William Skinner .London. .Rev. C. C. Brough, A.B. ...London, .William McClatchey.Katesville. .Rev. William Ames .Wardsville. .Charles Hardie.Wyton. .Adam Murray .London. Nortlmmherland: Alnwick, Brighton, Cramahe, Haldi- mand, Hamilton, Monaghan South, Murray, Percy, Seymour .Edward Scarlett.Haldimand. Norfolk : Charlotteville.James Covernton.Vittoi'ia. Houghton.Andrew Harvey .Guysboro. Middleton .John Philipson .Delhi. Townsend.Rev. Charles AValker.Hartford. Walsingham .John A. Backhouse .Walsingham. Windham.Daniel Wesley Freeman ...Simeoe. Woodliouse.Rev. R, S. Burtch .Port Dover. Ontario: Brock..Alfred Wyatt .Cannington. Mara and Rama.D. G. Hewett .Athei’ly. Pickering.Ebenezer Birrell...Claremont. Reach and Scugog...Rev. R. Monteath .Reach. Scott and Uxbridge.Abraham Bagshaw.Uxbridge. Thora.Rev. David Watson .Beaverton. Whitby.Rov. Robert H. Thornton. Oshawa. Oxford : Blandford, Oxford East and Zorra E, Benjamin Ellison .Woodstock. Blenheim.Rev. George Murray.Princeton. Dereham .Rev. Robert Rodgers .Dereham. Nissouri East.O. B. A. Foden.Nissouri, Norwich North.A. J. Park.Norwich. Norwich South.Chauncey Willcox .Springford- Oxford North.Robert Hay .Ingersoll. Oxford West.Rev. W. C. Beardsall.Inger.soll. Zorra West.Rev, D. McDiarmid .Woodstock. Peel: Albion .Rev. H. B. Osier.Lloyd town. Caledon .Rev. A. T. Holmes, A.M. ...Brampton, Chinguacousy, and Gore of Toronto...Rev. James Pringle .Brampton. Toronto.Rev. Thos. Leach .Brampton. Perth : Blanchard, Downie, Easthope, North and South, Ellice, Elma, Fullarton, Hibbert, Logan, Mornington and Wallace.Rev. Thomas McPherson...Stratford. Peterborough ; Asphodel and Belmont .Thomas W. Poole, M.D. ...Norwood. Douro .Robert Casement .North Douro. Dummer and Burleigh .George Arundel Hill.Warsaw, Ennismore .Daniel Donohoe .Bridgenorth. Monaghan North and Smith.Rev. Edward Roberts .Peterboro. Otonabee.Rev. Francis Andrews .Otonabee. Prescott : Alfred .Humphrey Hughes .Alfred, Caledonia.John McMaster .Caledonia Springs. Hawke.sbury East.James Gamble.East Hawkesbui’y. Hawkesbury West .Thomas Higginson.Vankleekhill, Longueuil.John Pattee.L’Orignal. Plantagenet North .Peter Georgeri.Plantagenet. Plantagenet South .James Fry the.Riceville. UPPKR CANADA, 21 Townships. Names. Post Office Address. Prince Edward: Ameliasburgh, Athol, Hallowell, Hil- lier, Marysburgh and Sopliiasburgh.John B. Denton .Picton. Renfrew : Admaston, Prazer, Grattan and Wil- berforce.George Brown.Douglas. Allice, Pembroke and Stafford .Rev. H. Macmeekin .Pembroke. Bagot, Blithfield and Brougham .Pelix Devine.Bagot. Bromley .Rev. James A. Strain.Eganville. Horton.George Ross.Renfrew. McNab.Rev. S. C. Fraser, A.M-.White Lake. Ross and Westmeath .Rev E. H. M. Baker.Westmeath. Russell : Cambridge and Russell .James Keays.Russell. Clarence .Rev. John Edwards .Clarence. Cumberland .Rev. Peter Lindsay, A.B. ...Cumberland. Simcoe : Adjala .James Hart .Keenansville. Essa, Innisfil and Tossorontio.John W. Norris, M.D.Cookstown. Plos, Matchedash, Medonte, Vespra and Sunnidale .Henry A. Clifford .Plos. Gwillimbury West andTecumseth ...Rev. William Praser.Bond Head. Mono and Mulmur .Rev. Jacob Van Linge .Mono Mills. Nottawasaga .Rev. J. Campbell, A.M..Nottawasaga. Orillia and Oro .Rev, John Gray .Orilia. Tay and Tiny.William Simpson.Penetanguishine- Stormont: Cornwall .Nadab Eastman .Moulinette. Pinch!.Rev, Donald Muuro .Pinch. Osnabruck .Rev. James Charles Quin...Dickinson’s Landg. Roxborough.John Praser .Athol. Victoria : Eldon and Mariposa .Rev. Gilbert Tweedie.Manilla. Emily.Rev. William Briden.Omemee. Bexley, Verulam, Somerville,;& PenelonRev. Charles Brown .Penelon Palls. Ops.A. Lacourse .Lindsay. Waterloo : Dumfries North and Waterloo.Robert Brydon... Woolwich and Wellesley .Rev. James Sim Wilmot.Rev. W. B. Rally Wellington : North Riding:—Amaranth, Arthur, Garafraxa, Luther, Maryborough, Minto, Nichol, Peel and Pilkington..Alex. Dingwall Pordyce. South Riding-—Eramosa, Erin, Guelph and Puslinch .Rev. Robert Torrance . Welland : Bertie . Crowland. Humberstone. Pelham. Stamford. Thor old. Wainfleet. Willoughby.... .P. T. Kempson, M.D. .Alexander Reid . .W. P. Haney, M.D.... .Rev.S. W. Polger. .John Roberts . .Rev. S. W. Prichard . .Sayers S. Hagar . .Rev. W. M. Christie Wentworth : Ancaster and Plamborough West.Richard H. Cradock ... Barton .Rev. William McClure Beverly.Rev. John Porteous ... Binbrookand Saltfleet.Rev, George Cheyne ... Plamborough East .Andrew Hall. Glanford .Rev. James Hughes ... York: Etobicoke .Rev. H. C. Cooper, B.A. Georgina and Gwillimbury North.G. H. Corbett, M.D. .. .Galt. •Hawkesville. ■Wilmot. .Pergus. .Guelph. .Port Erie. .Crowland. .Stonebridge. .Ponthill. .Drummondville. .Merrittsville. .Merrittsville. .Chippewa. .Dundas. .Hamilton. .Kirkwall. ..Tapleytown. .Water down, .Glanford. ..Etobicoke, ..Keswick. 28 THE SCHOOLS. Townships. Gvvillimbury East. Kinj?. Markham. Scarborough . "Whitchurch . Vaughan . York . Names. Post Oflice Address. .J. T. Stokes .Sharon. .Rev. J.Adams .Nobleton. .Rev. George S. J. Hill .Markham. .Rev. William Belt, B.A.Scarborough. .Thomas Pyne, M.D.Newmarket. .Rev. J. G. Armstrong. B.A. Woodbridge, .Rev. Richard Jones .Eglinton. Cities. Counties. Names. Hamilton. Kingston. London.. ...Wentworth. ....Frontenac . ....Middlesex . Ottawa. ....Carleton . Toronto. .York. Towns. Belleville. ....Hastings . Brantford. ....Brant. Brockville . ....Leeds. Chatham . Cobourg . ....Northumberland . .John Beatiy, Jr., M.D. Cornwall . ....Stormont. Dundas. ....Wentworth. .Rev. M. Y. Stark. Galt . ....Waterloo. .Rev. James Strang. Goderich . ....Huron . Niagara. ....Lincoln. .John Roger.s. Owensound. ....Grey . Paris . .W. H. Oliver. Perth. ....Lanark. .William 0. Buell. Peterborough. ....Peterborough. .John Edwards. Picton . ....Prince Edward. .George Gillespie, M.D. Port Hope . ....Durham . Prescott . ....Grenville. .Fulford B. Fielde. Sarnia . ....Lambton. .Rev. George J. R. Salter, A-B. (a) St. Catharines. ....Lincoln. Whitby. .Rev. John Gei-rie. Town Municipalities. Amherstburgh .. ....Essex. Barrie . ....vSimcoe. '. . .Rev. William McFadden. Clifton. ....Welland . Guelph. ....Wellington. Simcoe . ....Norfolk. Woodstock . Villages. Berlin . ....AVaterloo. .John Klein. Bowmanville . ....Durham . Brampton . ....Peel . Caledonia. Chippewa. ....Welland . Ingersoll . ....Oxford . Kemptville. Napanee . .Rev. W. B. Lauder, A.B. Newcastle. Oshawa. .Rev. Robert H. Thornton.(a) Preston. ....Waterloo. .Otto Klotz. St. Marvs. ...Perth. .Rev. Archibald Lampman. St. Thomas. ....Elgin. .Rev. AVilliam Price. Smith’s Palls. ....Lanark. .Rev. John Bell AVorrell.(a) Stratford. ....Perth. Thorold. ....Welland . .Rev. AVilliam Dickson. Trenton . ....Hastings . .F. J. McGuire. Vienna. ....Elgin. .F. W. Atkins. Windsor . ....Essex. .S. S. Macdonell, M.A. Yorkville. ....York. (o) Local Superintendents in the Townships. LOWEB, CANADA. 29 COUNTY MUNICIPAL OFFICERS. Countief. County Towni. Wardens. Treasurers. Clerks. Brant . Brantford ... D. Anderson ... Rev. H. Biggar... John Cameron. Carleton. Ottawa. J. Hinton . H. O’Connor. C. H.Pinhey. Elgin . St. Thomas... R. Johnson. Henry Black. W. McKay. Essex . Sandwich.... Theo. Malott... George Bullock . J. H.Wilkinson Frontenac, Lennox, and Addington... Kingston...- D. Roblin . W, Ferguson. G. H. Detlor. Grey. Owensound— W. K, Flesher. F. Le Pan . G. J. Gale. Haldimand . Cayuga. M'. Cook. A. P. Farrell. F. Stevenson. Halton . Milton’. Robert Miller. George Brown... F. Hamburgh. Hastings. Belleville .... N. S. Appleby. F. McAnnany.... Thomas Wells. Huron and Bruce.. Goderich. John Holmes... George Brown ... 1). H. Ritchie. Kent . Chatham. James Smith... Alex. Charteris... Wm. Cosgrave. Lambton. Sarnia. John Fisher ... Alex. Vidal. Alex. Scott. Lanark & Renfrew Perth . Alex. Moffatt... William Fraser... W.R.F.Berford Leeds & Grenville Brockville ... E. Whitmarsh J. L. Schofield... James Jessup. Lincoln . Niagara . John G. Currie D. McDougal. J. A. Woodruff Middlesex. London . Robert Craik... W. W. Street .... Wilson Mills. Norfolk . Simcoe. S. McCall . H. Groff. J. Ermatinger. Northumberland and Durham. Cobourg. R. M. Boucher A. A. Burnham... Morgan Jellett. Ontario . Whitby . J.H.Thompson W. Paxton, Jr... H.J. Macdonell Oxford. Woodstock... John Barwick. J. Kintrea. Rev.W.Landon Perth . Stratford. Alex. Hamilton A. McGregor. S. Campbell. Peterboro and Vic¬ toria. Peterboro.... W. Cottingham W. Sheridan. W. Sheridan. Prescott & Russell L’Original ... A. McBean. J. W. Marston ... Peter O’Brien. Prince Edward. Picton. A. Greely . R. J. Chapman... N. Ballard. Simcoe. Barrie. John Craig. Edmund Lally... R. B. Bernard. Stormont, Dundas, and Glengarry... Cornwall. D. A.McDonald R. McDonald. D. B. Heenan. Waterloo . Berlin. Isaac Clemens. C. Stanton. W. Davidson. Welland. Merrittsville. Jas. Cummings A. Thompson .... D, D’Everardo. Wellington . Guelph .. C. Allan . W. Hewat . A. D. Ferrier. Wentworth . Hamilton.... .John Heslop ... J. Kirkpatrick... C. O. Counsell. York and Peel. Toronto . J. Hartman.... J. S. Howard.... J. Elliot. LOWER CANADA. The system of Education in Lower Canada has been in operation several years. It includes Elementary, Model, and Superior Schools, and differs in several respects from that of Upper Canada, owing to the peculiar char¬ acter of its population. The Chief Superintendent, as the executive officer of the system, decides questions of law, distributes the School grant, and administers the system, aided by Inspectors, appointed by the Governor, on his recommendation. Universities, Colleges and other educational institutions receiving public aid report annually to the department and receive their share of the education fund according to its distribution. In superior education. Lower Canada has enjoyed a fair reputation, and its system of elementary education is now becoming more generally dif- used, and more liberally supported. Under the administration of its energetic and enthusiastic Chief Superintendent, the Hon. P. J. 0. Chauveau, measures are being adopted to develope an educational spirit among the people by the circulation of a Journal de VInstruction Puh- lique, and to raise the standard of teaching by the establishment of 30 THE SCJHOOI.S. Normal Schools. Owing to the differences in religion and language, it has been considered necessary to provide three Normal Schools instead of one, as in Upper Canada. €btication SDepartment. Hon. P. J. 0. Chauveau, Chief Superintendent of Education. Louis Giard, Secretary of Department. Joseph Lenoir, Clerk of French Correspondence, Assistant Editor of the Journal de VInstruction Puhlique, and Librarian. John Radiger, Clerk of English Correspondence, and Assisstant Editor of the Lower Canada Journal of Education. Alexandre de Lusignan, Clerk of Accounts and Statistics. Jacques Laparre, First Copying Clerk, and Storekeeper Jean Baptiste Lenoir, Second Copying Clerk. Paul Blouin, Messenger. NORMAL AND MODEL SCHOOLS. The Normal and Model Schools were established in the beginning of 1857, for the training of Teachers in the science of education. The course of study embraces religious instruction; methodical reading; elocution; recitation; French and English Grammar ; Literary Composition; elements of Intellectual and Moral Philosophy; General and Particular History; Sacred History; Histories of England,France and Canada; Arithmetic in all its branches; Book Keeping; Algebra; Elements of Geometry, of Mensuration, of Astronomy, of Natural Philosophy, of Chemistry, of Natural History, of Agriculture and Horticulture; Lineal Drawing and Vocal Music. The Normal Schools are subject to control of the Chief Superintendent of Education. Candidates for admission into any of the Normal Schools are required to comply with the following : Age, 16 years ; 1. To produce a certificate of good moral character, signed by the Clergyman under whose charge they have last been ; 2. To sign an agreement that they will teach in one of the schools under the control of the Chief Superintendent, or in some college or academy receiving further aid, for at least three consecutive years after receiving a diploma, (a) 3. To pass an examination in ths following subjects: Reading, Writing, Elements of French or English Grammar, and of Arithmetic. An allowance is made to aid of the payment of each student’s board. The sessions of each Normal School commence on the 15th September of each year, and end on the 15th July following. At the end of the first year’s study. Provincial Certificates or diplomas of qualification as Teachers of elementary schools are granted by the Chief Superintendent of Education to those students who pass the re- (o) In case of non-compliance, the defaulting student must pay the sum of jElO, to indemnify the Government for the useless expense incurred in preparing him for the duties of a Teacher, and also refund all moneys advanced towards payment of board and travelling ezpences. LOWER CANADA. 31 quired examination and are recommended by the Principal of the ISTormal School in which they have studied. At the end of two years of study, Provincial certificates or diplomas as Teachers of Model Schools are granted under the same regulations. ILabal i^omal .Scljool. This School is situated in Quebec, and is placed under the direction of the Rector and Council of Laval University. It is chiefly designed for the Roman Catholics of the Districts of Gas]'e, Kamouraska, Quebec, the Town of Three Rivers, and that part of the District of Three Rivers lying east of the Town. The instruction given in this Normal School is princi¬ pally in the French language, but English is also taught. Rev. Edward G. Horan, Principal, Ordinary Professor and Director of Male Students’ Boarding House. Francois Xavier Toussaint, Ordinary Professor and Master of the Study. Joseph Emile de Fenouillet, M. A., Ordinary Professor. Felix Emmanuel Juneau, Teacher of Boys’ Model School. Andrew Doyle, Associate Professor and Teacher of Boys’ Model School. Pierre Louis Morin and Ernest Gagnon, Associate Professors. ilorinal ^rfjool. This Normal School is situated in Montreal, under the direction of the Corporation of the University of McGill College. It is designed for the Protestant population of Lower Canada. The instruction given in this School is principally in the English language, but the French language is also taught. John William Dawson, M.A., F.G.S., Principal, and Associate Professor. William Henry Hicks, and Samson Paul Robins, Ordinary Professors. Leon Fronteau, B. A., Asssoeiate Professor of French. James McGregor, and Mary McCracken, Teachers in the Model Schools. Sacqufs Cartier iJlonnal .SctjooI. This School is also situated in Montreal, and is placed under the imme¬ diate direction of the Chief Superintendent of Education. It is princi¬ pally designed for the Roman Catholics of the Districts of St. Francis, Montreal, Ottawa, the Town of Three Rivers, and that portion of the Dis¬ trict of Three Rivers lying west of the Town. The instruction given is principally in the French language, but English is also taught. Rev. Hospice Verreau, Principal, Ordinary Professor and Director of Male Students’ Boarding House. Leopold Devismes, Ordinary Professor and Usher. Dominique Boudrias, Teacher of Boys’ Model School. Patrick Delaney, Associate Professor, Master of the Study, and Teacher of Boys’ Model School. J. B. Labelle, Associate Professor of Music. 32 THE SCHOOLS. COLLEGES AND ACADEMIES. The Colleges and Academies of Lower Canada are, in many respects, equivalent to the Grammar Schools of Upper Canada, The following, and! two of the Universities of Lower Canada, receive the Government aid from the Department: Classical Colleges. Name. County. L’Assomption. L’Assomption. McGill High School. Montreal City. Nicolet. Nicolet. Quebec High School. Quebec. St. Anne. Kamouraska. St.Francis Richmond Richmond. St. Hyacinthe. St. Hyacinthe. St.Marie de Montreal Montreal City. St. ThCrCse. Terrebonne. Commercial Colleges. Chambly. Chambly. Joliette. Joliette. Lachute. Argenteuil. Laval. Laval, Mascouche. L’Assomptiou. Masson . Terrebonne. Notre Dame de Levi. Levi. Rigaud. Vaudreuil. St. Germain de Ri- mouski. Rimouski. Ste. Marie deBeauce. Beauce. Ste.MariedeMonnoir Rouville, St- Michel. Bellechasse. Sherbrooke. Verch6res. Varennes.. Vercheres. Vercheres.Vercbbres. Boys^ and Mixed Academies. Aylmer (Protestant), Ottawa. Aylmer (Catholic).... Ottawa. Aubigny. Levi. Bonin, Argenteuil ... Argenteuil. BaieduFebvre. Yamaska, Barnston. Stanstead. Eerthier. Berthier. Buckingham. Ottawa. Beloeil. Vercheres. Cap Sante. Portneuf. Charleston. Stanstead. Clarenceville. Missisquoi. Coaticook-. Stanstead. Clarendon. Pontiac. Cassville. Stanstead. Compton. Compton. Cookshire. Compton. Danville. Richmond. Duds well. Wolfe. Dunham. Missisquoi, Durham No. 1. Drummond. Farnham (Catholic).. Missisquoi, Farnliam(Protestant) Missisquoi. Frelighsburg . Missisquoi. Granby. Sheftbrd. Georgevillo. Stanstead, Gentilly. Nicolet. Huntingdon. Huntingdon. Knowlton. Brome. Kamouraska. Kamouraska. Laprairie. Laprairie. Name. County. Lotbini^re. Lotbini^re. Longueuil . Chambly. LTslet. L’Islet. Montmagny. Montreal (Acad.com. Montnjagny. Cath).•. Montreal City. Missisquoi. Missisquoi. Pointe aux Trembles. Hochelaga. Phillipsburg. Missisquoi. St. Andr6. St. Clement de Beau- Kamouraska. harnois. Beauharnois. St. Cyprien. Napierville. St. Eustache. Two Mountains. Ste. Foye(Catholic)... Quebec. Ste.Foya (Protestant) Quebec. St. Gr6goire. St. Jean Dorchester, Wicolets (Catholic). St, Jean Dorchester, St. Jeatj- (Protestant). St. Jean, Isle d’Or- St, Jean. leans. Montmorenci. St. Laurent.•. Jacques Cartier. Ste. Marthe. Vaudreuil. Sherbrooke. Sherbrooke. Sorel (Catholic). Richelieu. Sorel (Protestant). Richelieu. Stanbridge. Missisquoi. Shefford. Shefford. Sutton. Brome. Stanstead . Stanstead, ' St. Timoth6e . Beauharnois Town Three Rivers (Cath).. Three Rivers. Three Rivers (Prot),. Three Rivers. Vaudreuil. Vaudreuil. Yamachiche. St. Maurice.. Female Academies... Bale St. Paul. Charlevoix-. Beloeil. Vercheres., Boucherville. Chambly. Cap Sant6. Portneuf. Chambly. Chambly. Chateauguay. Chateauguay, Cowansville. Missisquoi. Kamouraska. Kamouraska. Laprairie. Laprairie, L’Assomption. L’Assomption. Les Cadres. Soulanges. L’Islet.. L’Islet. Longueuil. Chambly. Longe Point. Hochelaga. Nicolet. Nicolet. Pointe Claire. Jacques Cartier., Rimouski. Rimouski. Ste. Anne Lap(irade,. St. Ambroise de Kil¬ Champlain. dare. Joliette. St. Aim6. Richelieu. St. Bernard. Dorchester. LOWER CANADA. 33 Name. County. St. C^'saire. Rouville. St. Croix, Lotbini6re. Lotbini6re. St.Charles, Industrie .Joliette. St. Clement do Beau- harnois... Beauharuois. St. Denis. Richelieu. Ste. Elizabeth. Joliette. St. Eustache. Two Mountains, Ste. Famille. Montmorenci. St. Gr^goire. Nicolet. Ste Genevieve. Champlain. St. Hilaire. Rouville. St. Hugues. Bagot- St. Hyacinthe, Sis¬ ters of Charity . St. Hyacinthe, St. Hyacinthe, Con¬ gregation . St. Hyacinthe. St. Jean Dorchester.. St. Jean. St. Jacqes L’Acliigan. Montcalm. St. Joseph de la Pointe L6vi. Levi. Name. County. St. Lin. L’Assomption- St. Laurent . Jacques Cartier. St.Marie de Monnoir. Rouville. Ste. Marie de Beauce. Beance. St. Michel de Belle- chasse.. Bellechasse. St. Paul de I’lndus- trie. Joliette. Sorel. Richelieu. Ste. Scholastique. Two Mountains. Ste. Th6r6se. Terrebonne. St. Timoth^e . Beauharnois. St. Thomas, Mont- magny. Montmagny. St. Thomas de Pierre- ville. Yamaska. Terrebonne. Terrebonne. Varennes. Vereh6res. Yamachiche. St. Maurice. A'ouville. 'f^vo Mountains. Enspfctors of GTommoa ^cfjools. Counties. Inspectors. Post Offices, Bagot, Rouville, and parts of St. Hyacinthe and Iberville.A. P. L. Consigny.St, Cesaire, Bagot, Drummond and Arthaba.ska (parts of)G. A. Bourgeois.St. Gregoire. Beauce, Dorchester Levi, and Lotbiniere ...P. F. B61and.St. Antoine. Beauharnois. Laprairie, Xapierville, and parts of Chateauguay and St. John .M. Lanctot .Laprairie. Bellechasse, L’Islet and Montmagny .J. Cr6pault.St. Vallier. Berthier, L’Assumption, .Tolliette and Mont¬ calm.A. D. Dorval.L’Assomption. Bonaventure and Gasp6.Joseph Meagher .Carleton, Brome. Missisquoi, Shefford, and part of Iberville .Rotus Parmelee."Waterloo. Chambly, Richelieu, Yerchercs, and parts of St. John and St. Hyacinthe.J, N. A. Archambault."Varennes. Champlain, Maskinong6 and St. Maurice ...Petrus Hubert .Yamachiche. Charlevoix and part of Saguenay .C. Cimon. Chicoutimi.Isidore Morin.Chicoutimi. Compton, Richmond, Stanstead, Wolfe, and parts of Drummond and Arthabaska.M. Child . Gasp6, part of .J. Lesp^rauce. Hochelaga, Jacques Cartier, Soulanges, Yau- dreuil and City of Montreal (Catholic).F.X. Valade.Montreal. Huntingdon, and parts of Argenteuil and Chateauguay, and City of Montreal (Pro¬ testant) .John Bru«e.Montreal. Kamouraska, Rimouski and Temiscouata ...G. Tanguay.St. Gervais. Laval, Terrebonne, Two Mountains and part of .^genteuil.C. Germain. Magdalen Islands, Gasp6.J. B. F. Painchaud . Megantic, and parts of Brome & Dorchester John Hume.Leeds- Montmorency, Portneuf, Quebec and City of Quebec (Catholic).P. M. Bardy.Quebec. Nicolet and Yamaska.B. Maurault .Gentilly. Ottawa and Pontiac.J. J Rone.v.Aylmer. Quebec City (Protestant).Rev. R. G.Plees.Quebec. C 34 THE UNIVERSITIES. SCfte 5Uuti)er0ttie0. UPPER CANADA. ®l)c Enitiersitj) of Toronto. The University of Toronto was established by Royal Charter, bearing date the 15th of March, 1827, in the seventh year of the reign of his late Majesty King George IV., under the title of “King’s College.” The following year, 3rd January, 1828, it was endowed, by Patent, with a grant of the lands which had been set apart for that purpose by the Crown, in 1798, at the request of the Parliament of Upper Canada. In 1843, the arrangements having been completed for opening the University, the formal inauguration of the Institution, and first admission of students, took place ou the 8th of June in that year, and its first Convocation on the 14th December, 1844. Various acts relating to the University have been passed by the Pro¬ vincial Parliaments. In 1820, during the fifth session of the seventh Parliament of Upper Canada, an Act was passed (60 George III. cap. 2) for increasing the Parliamentary representation, which provided—“ That whenever an University shall be organized, and in operation as a seminary of learning, in this Province, and in conformity with the rules and statutes of similar institutions in Great Britain, it shall and may be lawful lor the Governor, Lieutenant Governor, or person administering the government of the Province for the time being, to declare by proclamation the tract of land appenda’it to such Universitj-, and whereupon the same is situated, to be a town or township, by such name as to him shall seem meet, and that such town or township so constituted shall be represented by one member: Provided always, that no person shall be permitted to vote at any such election for a member to represent the said University in Parliament, who, besides the qualification now by law required, shall not also be entitled to vote in the Convocation of the said University.”(a) The original charter being restrictive in its character, modifications were sought for; and, in 1837, the Legislature of Upper Canada amended its provisions by the Act 7 William IV. cap. 16. This Act not being considered sufficiently satis- (a) This provision of the law was never acted upon. UNIVERSITT OF TORONTO. 35 factory, further modifications were proposed; and, in 1849, the Parliament of Canada, in further compliance with the invitation which had been given by his late Majesty King William IV.,—“ to consider in what manner the University could be best constituted for the advantage of the whole society,”—passed the Act 12 Victoria, cap. 82, abolishing the remaining restrictions of the Charter, and continuing the University, with enlarged ppwers of Convocation, under the title of The University of Toronto. By this Act, the Convocation of the University was declared, as in the original Charter, to be composed of all persons admitted to the"degree of Master of Arts, and any degree in Ldw or Medicine;(u) and was invested with the power of electing the Chancellor, Pro-Vice-Chancellor, and a Member of the Caput of the University,—in addition to its original power of con, ferring degrees in the several Arts and Faculties. In 1853, Parliament passed another Act (16 Victoria, cap. 89), “separating the functions of the University from those assigned to it as a College,” and abolishing the Professorships of Law and Medicine, and the rights and privileges of the Convocation, which had been guaranteed in the original charter, and continued and enlarged by the Act of 1849.(6) Under this present Act, the University of Toronto is modelled alter the University of London, and is governed by a Senate appointed by the Crown. Its functions con¬ sist in prescribing courses of study in the Faculties 5f Law, Medicine, and Arts, and such other branches of knowledge as may be determined ; ap¬ pointing Examiners for ascertaining the proficiency of persons desirous of literary distinction in the appointed subjects of study; and conferring the appropriate Academical Degrees and Honors upon such as attain the required proficiency, and comply with the prescribed regulations. The officers of the Senate are, a Chancellor, appointed by the Crown, and a Vice-Chancellor, elected by the Senate from amongst its members. There are no Professorships in the University, but the following Exami¬ ners, appointed annually by the Senate:—Two in Law, eleven in Medi¬ cine, and eighteen in Arts, who hold examinations at such times in each year as the Senate may appoint. In addition to Academical Degrees in the various Faculties, the rewards for proficiency are: Diplomas, Scho¬ larships (conferring a .yearly stipend and free tuition in University College), Prizes, and Certificates of Honor. No fees are charged by this University for Matriculation, Examination, Degree, or Diploma. (o) Degrees in Divinity were also included in the original Charter, but the chair was abolished by this Act, (6) It is hoped that the powers of Convocation will soon be restored, and that we shall yet witness in our own University, scenes similar to those in the Universities of the fatherland, in conferring honorary degrees upon distinguished men. 36 THE UNIVERSITIES. Ftsitor. 1854. His Excellency Sir Edmund Walker Head, Bart., M. A., Governor General of British North America. Cfjancrilov. 1856. Hon. Robert Easton Burns, Judge of the Court of Queen’s Bench. FicCiC^ancdkir. 1856. John Langton, M.A., Trin. Coll. Cantab. iHnnbfi-s of tfjc Senate. 1853. Rer. John MeCaul, LL.D., President of University College. 1853. Hon. Adam Fergusson, M.L.C. 1853. Hon. Joseph Curran Morrison, Q.C., M.P.P. 1853. David Christie, M.P.P. 1853. Sir William Edmond Logan, Knt., D.C.L., F.R.S., and F.G.S. 1853. James J. Hayes, M.D. 1853. Rev. John Taylor, M.D. 1853. Rev. Adam Lillie, D.D. 1853. Hon. Christopher Widmer, M.D., M.L.C., President of Medical Board. 1853. Hon. Robert Bdldwin, C.B., Treasurer of the Law Society. 1853. Rev. Egerton Ryerson, D.D., Chief Superintendent of Education. 1853. The Principal of Queen’s College for the time being. 1853. Rev. Samuel S. Nelles, M.A., Principal of Victoria College. 1853. Very Rev. Angus McDonell, President of Regiopolis College. 1853. Rev. Michael Willis, D.D., Primarius Professor in Knox’s College. 1853. The Principal of Upper Canada College for the time being. 1853. Rev. J. Tabaret, Superior of By town College. 1855. Michael Barrett, M.D., President of Toronto School of Medicine. 1857. Henry H. Croft, D.C.L., F.C.S. 1857. John B. Cherriman, M.A. 1857. Daniel Wilson, LL.D., F.S.A.Scot. 1857. Rev. John Jennings. 1857. Plon. James Patton, B.C.L., M.L.C. 1857. Oliver Mowat, Q.C. 1853. Patrick Freeland, liegistrar. N ISursar’g department—©lubrrsitn anti (Colleses at Toronto. 1851. David Buchan, Bursar. 1847. Alan Cameron, Cashier or Chief Clerk. 1851. M. Drummond, Book-keeper. 1847. James Nation, Assistant Clerk. 1847. William Morrow, Messenger. UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO. 87 ffiraliuate)8. Those who obtained University Honors at the Degree Examniation, are indicated by the numeral within brackets,—whiph also indicates the class in which the Honors were obtained. Alma, E. J., B.A. (1) 1852. Adams, G., B.A. 1853. Armour,J.l).,sc/i.l847 ;B. A.(1)1850. Baldwin,Kev.E.,B.A.1846;M. A.1849. Barber, G. A., sch. 1847; B.A. 1850. Barrett, M., B.A. 1849; M.A. 1852. Barron, F. W., B. A. 1844 .M.A. 1845. Bayly, R., sch. 1850; B.A.(l) 1853. Beadle, D. W., B.A. of Yale Coll., ad eun. 1845. Beaumont, W., M.D. hon. 1850. Bethune, N., B.A. 1845. Bettridge, W., B.A. 1853. Blake, D.E.,sc/i, 1850; B.A.(1)1853. Blake, Hon. W. H., B.A., of Trin. Coll. Dub., ad eun. 1844. Boulton, H. J., B.A.(l) 1845; B.C.L. (2) 1847. Boulton, J., B.A. (1) 1848. Boulton, J. F., B.A. 1853. Bovell, J., M.D. of Glasgow, ad exin. 1848. Bowlby, W. H., sch.1853 ; B.A. 1856. Boyd, J., B.A.(l) 1847; M.A. 1850; B.C.L. 1853. Boyd, Wr., M.D. 1853. Boyd, W, T.,B.A. 1852; M.A. 1856. Boys, H., M.D. of St. Andrews, ad eun. 1844. Brown, J., scA.1850; B.A. (1) 1853; M.A. 1856. Bull, S. J., B.A. 1852. Cambie, C., B.A., of Trin. Coll. Dub., ac? ewTi, 1856; M.A. 1856. Cattanach, A., B.A. (1) 1855. Chewett, W. C., M.D. 1851. Clark, A. M., 5cA. 1848; B.A. fl) 1851; M.A. 1854. Clarke, J. P., Mus. Bac. 1846; Mus. Doc. 1856. Craigie, W., B.A. (1) 1847. Croft, H. H., D.C.L. hon. 1850. Crorabie, E.,5c/i.1849; B.A.(1) 1854. Crombie, M. M., sc/i.l852; B.A. (1) 1855. Crooks, A., sch. 1848; B.A. (1) 1850; M.A. 1853; B.C.L. (1) 1851. Crookshank, G., B.A. (2) 1845; M.A. 1848;B.C.L.(2)1847; D.C.L. 1852. Back, T.B., B.A. 1849. Desmond, H., M.D. 1853. Dixon, Rev. A., B.A. 1847. Draper, W. G., B.A. (3) 1845; M.A. 1850. Eastwood, C. S., M.D. 1851. Eastwood, W. 0., B.A. (1) 1849; M.D. 1853. Eliot, C. F.,sc^.l848; B.A.(l) 1851. English, C.JE., 5c/i.l851 ;B.A.(1)1854, Evans, G.M., sch. 1847 ; B. A..(l)1850. Fitzgerald, E.,sc/«,1848;B.A.(1)1851. Freeman, Cl., M.D. 1853. Freer, Ct., 5c/i.l848; B.A. (1) 1851. Gage, J. L., B.A. 1850. Geddes, Rev. J. G., B.A. 1848. Grant, A. J., B.A. (1) 1850. Grasett,Rev.E., B. A. 1845 ;M. A. 1848. Hagerraan, J. T., B.A. 1845. Hamilton, J., M.D. of Edinb. ad eun. 1844. Helliwell,.!.,B.A.(1)1845; M.A.1850. Herrick, G., M.D. of Edinb. ad eun. 1844. Hodcler, E. M., C.M. 1845. Hodgins,T., scA.1855; B.A. (1) 1856. Hudspeth,T.A.scAl847;B,A.(l)]848 Huggard,J.T.,sc^.l849 ;B.A.(1)1852. Hume, R., B.A.(l) 1856. Hurlburt, H., B.A. 1850. Hurlburt, Rev. J., B.A. 1848; B.C.L. 1850; LL.D. 1856. , Jessopp, Rev. H. B., B.A. (1) 1846; M.A. 1849. Jones, C., B.A. (2) 1853. Jones, E. C., B.A. 1845. King, J., M.D. of Edinb. ad eun.\8^4:. Kingsmill, J. J., 13.A. (1) 1849. Kingsmill,N.,sc^,1852; B.A.(1)1855. Lawrason, W. L., B.A. 1853. Lewis, I., B.A. of Yale Coll., ad eun. 1845; M.A. 1848; B.C.L. (2) 1847. Light, R.N., B.A. 1850; M.A. 1854. Lightburne, S., B.A. of Trin. Coll. t)\xh., ad eun. 1845; M.A. 1845. I Lister, B. P., sc/nl855; B. A. (2) 1856 i Loring, G. F., B.A. 1849. I Lundy, Rev. F. J., B C.L. 1847 ; D.C.L. 1849. Mucdonell, S. S., B.A. (1) 1845; M.A. 1849; BC.L.(l) 1847. 38 THE UNIVERSITIES. Macgregor, C. J., sch-\S5l; B.A. (1) 1854. Marling, S. A., sch. 1850; B.A. (1) 1853; M.A. 1856. Marsh, Rev. J. W., B.A. (1) 1848. Marsh, Rev. T. W., B.A. (1) 1847. Matheson,R.,sc/i.l853; B.A. (1)1856. Matheson, T.G., scA. 1853; B.A. 1856. McKenzie, Rev. J.G.D., B.A.(1)1849. McKenzie,M.B.,B.A.1849;M.D.1853. McKeown,T.,B.A.(3)1853;M.A.1856 McLean,T. A., B.A. 1845;M.A.1850. McMichael, D.,B.A.(1) 1847; B.C.L. 1849. McNabb, A., 6rcA.1854; B.A. 1855. Meudell, VV.,scAl849; B.A. 1852. Morris, J. H., B.A. 1851; M.A. 1854. Murray, Rev. R., M.A. hon. 1850. Nicol, VV. B., M.D. hon. 1850. O’Brien, L., M.D. of Edinb., ad eun. 1845. Oille,L. S., sc^i. 1856; B.A. (1) 1853. Patton, Hon. J., B.C.L. 1847. Peterson, H. VV., B.A. (1) 1852; M.A. 1856. Preston, Rev. J. A., B.A. 1851. RamsaysW., B.A. of Trin. Col).Dub., ad eun. 1844; M.A. 1845. Richardson, J. H., M.B. 1848; M.D. hon. 1850. Roaf, J., B.A. (1) 1845; M.A. 1848; B.C.L. (1) 1847. Robarts, Rev. T. T., B.A. (1) 1851 Robinson, C , B.A. (1) 1846. Ryerson, E. F., B.A, 1848. Sanderson, Rev. J. E., sch. 1854; B.A.(3) 1855. Scott, J., M.D. of Edinb., ad ewn.1850. Shaw, J., B.A. 1848. Smith,L.W.,B.C.L.1847;D.C.L.1852 Stanton, J., B.A. 1845. Stennett, Rev. W., B.A. (1) 1845; M.A. 1848. Stinson,E., B. A.(1)I849 ;B.C.L.1851 1 Tassie, W., B.A. 1855. Taylor. T. W., B.A. of Edinb., ad ewn. 1856; M.A. 1856. Thom, J., B.A. 1853. Thomson, J. E., B.A. 1845. Trew, N. McN., B.A. 1853. Turpin, J., B.A., of Trin. Coll. Dub. ad eun. 1857. Tyner, R.J., sc/t.l848; B.A. (1)1851. Unsworth, R., B.A. 1856 Vankoughnet, B, J., B.A. of King’s Coll. Windsor, K.S., ad eun. 1846. VValker,N.O.,sc/i.l852;B.A.(l)1855. VVedd, W., B.A. (1) 1845; M.A.1848. Wells, R. M., sc^.1855; B.A.(1)1853. Westropp,R. G., B.A. of Trin. Coll. Dub., ac? eun. 1849; M.A. 1849. Wickson, Rev. A., sch, 1846; B.A. (1) 1847; M.A. 1850. Wilkes, F., B.A. of Glasgov;', ad eun. 1850. Winer, W., B.A., 1849; M.D. 1853. Woodruff, W., 13.A. 1852; M.B. 1855; M.D. 1855. Anderson, W., 1852. Appelbe.R. S.,scA.1855. Askin, C. J. S., 1845. Baldwin, W. W., 1850. Ball, A. T. H., 1847. Ball, R, L., 1852 Barnhart,C.E.,sc/i. 1854. Bates, N., 1856. Beard, H. B., 1855. Beasley, W., 1846. Beaty, J., 1855. Beaven, J. F , 1847. Benson, T. M., 5cA.1852. Bernard, H., 1856, Bernard, R. B., 1856. Bethune, J. W., 1846. Blake, S. H.. 1856. Boulton, C. K., 1843. Boulton, G. D. 1850, Bowlby, D., 1849. Boyd, J. A., sch. 1856. Bull, T. H., 1855. Burns, A. J,, 1853. Burns, N., sch. 1853. Campbell, T, C., 1850. Caibert, J., 1851. Carrall, C. L, 1855. Cathcart, J. A.. 1843. Cawthra, H., 1855. Checkley, F. L., 1846. Checkley, R., 1846. Clark, C., 1847. Cosens, C S., 1848. Cotter, J. R., 1855. Counsell, G.S.,scA.l 851. Craigie, J., 1849. Crickmore, C. G., 1844. Cronyn, T., 1846. De Grassi, C. P.,1856. I English, L , 1856. Evans, F., 1846. Fitch, B. F., sch. 1855. Francis,W. S., scA,1853. Franklin, J., 1848. Fraser, J. T., sch. 1855. Frazer, D, sch. 1856. Freeland, W., sch. 1850. Gibson, Rev. J., 1846. Gillespie, A. S., 1856. Goodman, E., 1852. Grier, J. G., sch. 1848. Grierson, J. C., 1856. Gunne, Rev. J., 1846. Harper, W. J., 1855. Harrison, R. A., 1855. Hill, Rev. G. S.J.,1846. Holcomb,J.H.,sc/i.l855. Hume, H. H., 1856. Hutton, J., sch. 1847. Jamieson, C., 1854. Jamieson, G., 1849. Jarvis, G. S., scA.1851. Jarvis, VV, P., 1843. Jones, C. B., 1851. Kennedy, G., scA. 1853. Kerr, W.H.C.,sc/i.l 855. Kirkpatrick, A., 1852. Laidlaw, A. K, 1852. Laird, W. p,, 1856. Lambert, R., 1853. Linklater, W., sch.lS52. Loseombe, C. R., 1844. Lyons, W. M., 1843. Macaulay, J. J., 1843. Marr, 8 ., 1847. Marsh, N. F., 1845. Maule, A. D., 1843. Merritt, J. J., 1845. Miller, T., sch. 1852. Milroy, W., 1854. Mitchell, J., 1855. Monsarrat, N., scAl855. Moore, A. W., 1851. Morphy, H. B., 1855. Morrison, T., 1852. Moss, T., sch. 1854. Mulligan,G. K.,scA 1854. McBride, J., 1854. McCabe, VV., sch. 1855. McCaughey, J., 1854. McClure, W., 1852. DNIVERSITY OF TORONTO. McCool. D. B., 1856. McCutchon,P.McG.1845 McDermid, P., 1853. Mcl^ougal, A., 1845. McDougall,J.L,,«c/i 1855 McGarvin, A., 1854. McGregor, J., sc/i. 1856 McKenzie, J., sch. 1852. McMicking, T., 1852. McMurchy, A., 1856. McNaughton,T.scA.1854 Nation, J., 1845. Oliver, W., sch. 1853. O’Brien, R. J. L., 1851. O’Hara, R., 1843. O’Hara, W., 1843. Palmer, G., sch. 1847. Paul, C. D., sch. 1854, Pettit, Rev.C. B., 1847. Ramsay, R.,, 1856. Rattray, W. .T.,5C^. 1854, Rock, VV., sch. 1856. Ross, D. P., 1855. Ross, D. W., 1855. Ross, J., sch. 1853. Ryall, I., 1851, Rykert, A. E,, 5C^.1851. Salmon. J. M., 1845. Sampson,D. A.,sc7<.1855. Savage, T. H., 1851. 39 Secord, Ct., 1845, Scott, A. F., 1855. Scott, W. H., 1856. Scott, VV. S., 1852. Sharpe, A., 1853. Sinclair, W., 1856. Sisson, J., 1856. Small, J. T., 1843. Smith, J. F., 1856. Stanton,W. I., scA.1855. Stinson, J. H., 1848. Street, Rev. G. 0., 1846. Sullivan, R., sch. 1855. Sullivan, W. B., 1855, Tassie, H., sch. 1855. Thompson, H. A., 1845. Thorburn, J., 1851. Tisdale, D., 1856. Tisdell, F., sch. 1858. Vance, J. J., 1845. Wadsworth, J., 1856. Walker, C. R., 1844. Walker, S., 1856. Waters, D., 1856. Watson, J. H., 1848. White, J., sch. 1855. Whyte, J., 1852. W’ilkes, C. R., 1844. Wilson, J., 1854. Young, F„ sch, 1854 jTacuItg of ^rts. The degrees conferred in this Faculty are B.A. and M.A. There are two modes of proceeding to the degree of B.A. According to one, the requisites are :—1. Having passed an examina^ tion in the subjects prescribed for Candidates for Matriculation ; 2. Being of the standing of four years from Matriculation ; 3. Having passed in each ot these years an examination in the subjects prescribed for each such year of the course appointed for Undergraduates in the Faculty of Arts. According to the other mode of proceeding to the degree of B. A., the requisites are :—1. Having passed an examination in the subjects pre¬ scribed for Students of the standing of two years from Matriculation ; 2. Being of the standing of two years from Matriculation ; 3. xiaving passed in each of these years an examination in the subjects prescribed for each such year of the course appointed for the Undergraduates in the Faculty of Arts. Candidates for Matriculation, according to the first mode, are required to produce satisfactory certificates of good conduct, and of having com¬ pleted the fourteenth year of their age. Candidates for Matriculation, according to the second mode, are re¬ quired to produce similar certificates of good conduct, and of having com¬ pleted the sixteenth year of their age. 40 THE UNIVERSITIES. N.B.—Neither residence, nor attendance on lectures, is required as a qualification for the degree. There are also two modes of proceeding to the degree of M.A. According to one, the requisites are :—1. Being of the standing of one year from admission to the degree of B.A. ; 2. Having passed the ap¬ pointed examination in the subjects prescribed for Candidates for admis¬ sion to the degree of M. A. According to the other, the requisites are :—1. Being of the standing of three years from admission to the degree of B.A. ; 2. Having per¬ formed the exercises prescribed for Candidates for admission to the degree of M.A. The following are the subjects for Matriculation in this Faculty:— Greek and Latin Languages. Homer, Iliad, B. I. I Ctesar, de Bello Callico, Bb.V. (fe VI. Lucian, Vita and Charon. | Virgil, ./Eneid, B. II. Translation from English into Latin Prose. Additional for Honors and Scholarships: Homer, Iliad, B. VI. Horace, Odes, B. I. Homer, Odyssey, B. IX. Virgil, HDneid, Bb. I. & III. Lucian, Menippus and Timon. Translation from English into Latin Verse. Mathematics. Ordinary rules of Arithmetic. 1 Extraction of Square Root. Vulgar and Decimal Fractions. | First4 rules of Algebra. (Colenso’s) Euclid, B. 1. (Colenso’s Edition of Simson’s.) Additional for Honors and Scholarships : Algebra.—Proportion and Progression; Simple and Quadratic Equations. Euclid, Bb. II. III. and IV. Elements of Natu7al Philosophy, (a) Mechanics.—Explain the composition and resolution of statical forces ....Describe the simple machines—mechanical powers... .Define the centre of gravity... .Give the general laws of motion, and describe the chief experiments by which they may be illustrated... .State the law of the motion of falling bodies. Hydrostatics, Hydraulics, and Pneumatics.—Explain the pressure of liquids and gases ; its equal diffusion, and variation with the depth.... Define specific gravity, and shew how the specific gravity of bodies may be ascertained... .Describe and explain the barometer, the siphon, the common pump and forcing-pump, and the air-pump. Acoustics.—Describe the nature of sound. Optics.—State the laws of rf'fiection and refraction. .. .Explain the formation of images by simple lenses. Astronomy.—Motion of the earth round its axis and round the sun; with applications of these movements to explain the apparent movement of the sun and stars, the length of days, and the change ol‘ seasons— explanation of eclipses and the moon’s phases. Elements of Chemistry, (a) Properties of matter, aggregation, crystallization, chemical affinity, defi- (a) Only a popular knowledge of these subjects is required. UNIVERSITY OE TORONTO. 41 nite equivalents ...Combustion, flame; nature of ordinary fuel; chief results of combustion, i.e,, the bodie.s produced... .Heat—natural and artificial sources; its effects. Expansion; solids, liquids, gases. Thermo¬ meter—conduction, radiation, capacity, change of form, liquifaction, steam ....The atmosphere—its general nature and condition ; its component parts. Oxygen and nitrogen—their properties. Water and carbonic acid—Proportions of these substances in the air.. . .Chlorine and iodine, as compared with oxygen ...Water—its general relation to the atmos¬ phere and earth—its natural states and degree of purity. Sea water, river water, spring water, rain water. Pure water—effects of heat and cold on it; its compouiul nature; its elements. .. .Hydrogen—its propor¬ tion in water ; its chemical and physical properties... .Sulphur, phos¬ phorus, and carbon generally.,. .Nitric acid, sulphuric acid, carbonic acid, hydrochloric acid—their properties and uses. ... Alkalies, earths, oxides generally... .Salts—their nature generally. Sulphates, nitrates, car- bontes.... Metals generally—iron, copper, lead, tin, zinc, gold, silver, platinum, mercury... .The chief proximate elements of vegetable and animal bodies; their ultimate composition. Modern Languages. French Grammar, and Translation from French into English... .English Grammar and Composition. Additional for Honors and Scholarships : English Composition; Rendering of English verse into prose... .Fenelon, Dialogues des Morts; Moliere, Les Fourberies de Scapin. History and Geography. Outlines of English History to present time... .Outlines of Roman History to death of Nero. .. .Outlines of Grecian History to death of Alexander... .Outlines of Ancient and Modern Geography. Additional for Honors and Scholarships; Egyptian History to deathof Cleopatra.. . .History of Spain and Portugal in the reign of Ferdinand and Isabella. Scholarships. The following Scholarships are offered for competition amongst candi¬ dates for admission ;— Four of the value of £30 per annum each, in the Greek and Latin languages, with History and Geography. Four of the value of £30 per annum each, in Mathematics, Two of the value of £30 per annum each, in the English and French languages, with Histoiy and Geography. One of the value of £30 per annum, in the Elements of Natural Philo¬ sophy and Chemistr}’. Four of the value of £30 per annum each, for general proficiency in the subjects for all students. Each of these Scholarships is tenable for one year, but the scholars of each year are eligible for the Scholarships of the succeeding year. jFacults of JHflJictne. The degrees conferred in this Faculty are M.B. and M.D. The requi sites for admission to the degree of M.B. are— 1. Having passed the Matriculation examination. 2. Having completed the twenty-first year of his age. 42 THE UNIVERSITIES, 3. Having pursued Medical studies for the period of at least four years; and having regularly attended lectures in the following branches of Medical education for the respective periods hereinafter set forth, viz.:— Anatomy.2 courses of six months Physiology. do do Practical Anatomy . do do Theoiy and practice of Medicine . do do Principles and practice of Surgery. do do Midwifery and diseases of Womens Children do do Therapeutics and Pharmacology. do do Chemistry .. do do Botany. 1 course of six months. Practical Chemistry ... do do Medical Jurisprudence. do do 4. Having attended, for at least twelve months, the practice of some general Hospital having at least not less than fiftj" beds ; and having at¬ tended, during six months, clinical lectures on Medicine and Surgery. .5. Having pursued some part of the prescribed course of studies for the period of twelve months, under the direct superintendence of some Medical practitioner, and producing a certificate of such study. 6. Having passed, in this University, an examination in all the subjects specified in Article 3 of these regulations. N.B.—Certificates of all the requisites (excepting 2 and 6) must be deposited with the Registrar, at least fourteen daj’s before the first day of the examination appointed for candidates for the degree of Bachelor of Medicine. Candidates will be also required to deposit, at the same time, certificates of good conduct. The requisite for admission to the degree of M.D., is : having been ad¬ mitted to the degree of M.B. The following are the subjects for Matriculation in this Faculty:— Greek and Latin Languages. Homer, Iliad, B. I. 1 Caesar, de Bello Gallico,Bb.V.di VI. Lucian, Vita and Charon. | Virgil, ^neid, B. II. Mathematics. Ordinary rules of Arithmetic. j Extraction of Square Root. Vulgar and Decimal Fractions. | First 4 rules of Algebra. (Colenso’s.) Euclid, B. I. (Colenso’s Edition of Simson’s.) Elements of Natural Philosophy. [Same subjects as in the Faculty of Arts, p. 40, under this title.] Elements of Chemistry, [Same subjects as in the Faculty of Arts, p. 40, under this title.] Elements of Zoology and Botany. Patterson’s Zoolog 3 ^ | Henfrey’s Botany. Modern Languages. French Grammar, and Translation I English Grammar and Composition, from French into English. | History and Geography. Outlines of English History to present time... .Outlines of Roman History to death of Nero... .Outlines of Grecian History to death of Alexander... .Outlines of Ancient and Modern Geography. UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO. 43 Scholarships. The following Scholarships are offered for competition at the Matricula- lation examination:—Three of the value of £30 per annum, tenable for one year, but the scholars of each year are eligible for the scholarships of the succeeding year. JFacuIta of ilafn. The degrees conferred in this Faculty are LL.B, and LL.D. There are the following modes of proceeding open to a Candidate for the degree of LL.B.:— (а) According to this mode (designed for Students who enter upon a four years’ course in Arts, and who wish to proceed at the same time in the Faculty of Law) the requisites are—1. Being of the standing of five years ftom Matriculation in Law ; 2. Having produced a certificate that he has been admitted to the degree of B.A. ; 3. Having passed the required ex¬ aminations. The following are the subjects for Matriculation in this mode :— Reddie’s Enquiries, Historical and Elementary, in the Science of the Law... .The three portions of Dumont’s Edition of Benthara’s Morals and Legislation, which contain the Principles of Legislation, the Principles of a Civil Code, and the Principles of a Criminal Code. (б) According to this mode (designed for Students who enter upon a two years’ course in Arts, or have graduated in Arts, and wish to proceed to a degree in Law) the requisites are—1. Being of the standing of three years from Matriculation in Law^ ; 2. Having produced (at Matriculation in Law, or before obtaining the degree of LL.B.) a certificate that he has been admitted to the degree of B.A, ; 3, Having passed the required examina¬ tions. The following are the subjects for Matriculation in this mode:— Stephen on Pleading... .Taylor on Evidence_.Smith on Contracts. (c) According to this mode (designed for Students who intend to proceed to a degree in the Faculty of Law only) the requisites are— 1. Being of the standing of three years from Matriculation in Law ; 2. Having produced a satisfactory certificate that he is of the age of twenty-one years ; 3. Having passed the required examinations. The following are the subjects for Matriculation in this mode: — Reddie’s Enquiries, Historical and Elementary, in the Science of the Law... .The three portions of Dumont’s Edition of Bentham’s Morals and Legislation, which contain the Principles of Legislation, the Principles of a Civil Code, and the Principles of a Criminal Code... .Williams on Real Property... .Watkins’ Elements of Conveyancing. The following are the requisites for the degree of LL.D.:— 1. Having been admitted to the degree of LL.B. ; 2, Being of the standing of five years from the degree of LL.B. Scholarships. The following Scholarships are offered for competition :— Two of the value of £30 each, amongst candidates for Matriculation entering according to mode (a). Two of the value of £30 each, amongst candidates for Matriculation entered according to mode {b). Each of the Scholarships is tenable for one year, but the Scholars of each year are eligible for the Scholarships of the succeeding year. 44 THE UNIVERSITIES. Sfpartmciit of (Ctbtl Engincerinci. The requisites for obtaining the diploma in Civil Enginoering are:— 1. Having passed an examination in the subjects appointed for candidates for Matriculation in Civil Engineering ; 2. Being of the standing of two years from Matriculation, and having passed in each of these years an examination in the subjects prescribed for each such year of the course appointed for Students of Civil Engineering. The following are the subjects for Matriculation:— Mathematics. Arithmetic.Algebra fColenso’s.).Euclid ('Colenso’s edition of Simson’sJ). Bb. I. 11. III. and IV. Definitions, B. V. and B. VI... .The nature and use of Logarithms (Colenso’s.)... .Plane Trigonometry, as far as Solution of Plane Triangles (Colenso’s.) Elements of Natural Philosophy. [Same subjects as in the Faculty of Arts, p. 40, under this title.] Elements of Chemistry. [Same subjects as in the Faculty of Arts, p. 40, under this title.] Elements of Mineralogy, Geology, and Physical Geography. Dana’s Manual of Mineralogy... .Hitchcock’s Geology... .Buff’s Physics of the Earth. Modern Languages. [Same subjects as in the Faculty of Medicine, p. 42, under this title.] History and Geography. [Same subjects as in the Faculty of Medicine, p, 42, under this title,] Drawing. Scholarships. The following Scholarships are offered for competition;—Three of the value of £30 each, and tenable for one year ; but the scholars of each year are eligible to the scholarships of the succeeding year. 33fpartmtnt of Agriculture. The requisites for obtaining the diploma in Agriculture are:—1. Having passed an examination in the subjects prescribed for candidates for Matri¬ culation in Agriculture; 2. Being of the standing of two years from Matriculation, and ha,ving passed in each of these years an examination in the subjects prescribed for each such year of the course appointed for students in Agriculture. The following are the subjects for Examination :— Matriculation. English Grammar and Composition_.Arithmetic, including Mensura¬ tion... .Outlines of English History to the present time... .Outlines of Roman History to death of Nero... .Outlines of Grecian History to death of Alexander... .Outlines of Modern Geography. First Year. Elements of Natural Philosophy.. .Elements of Chemistry.. .Elements UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO. 45 of Zoology and Botany (Patterson’s Zoology, Henfrey’s Botany.)- Elements of Mineralogy (Dana’s Manual of Mineralogy.)-Elements of Geology (Hitchcock’s.)-Elements of Physical Geography (Buff’s Physics of the Earth.)_History and Principles of Agriculture (John¬ son’s Elements of Agricultural Ch. mistry and Geology.)-English Composition_Orthographical Forms of the English Language-His¬ tory of the English Language. Second Year. Mineralogy (Dana’s System of Mineralogy.)-Geology (De la Beche’s Geological Observer.)_Physical Geography (Somerville’s)-Zoology (Carpenter’s Zoology.)_Botany (Gray’s Botanical Text Book ).... Surveying, Mapping, and Farm Architecture-Chemistry, as applied to Agriculture... .History and Diseases of Farm Animals (Youatt’s Treatises on the Horse, Cattle, Sheep, and the Pig.)-Practice of Agriculture, including Farm Finance and Accounts (Stephen’s Farmers’ Guide.) Scholarships. The following Scholarships are offered for competition in this depart¬ ment:— Three amongst candidates for Matriculation. Two amongst students of the standing of one year from Matriculation. Each of these Scholarships is of the value of £30 per annum, and is tenable for one year ; but the scholars of each year are eligible for the scholarships of the succeeding year. ^iiifrcts for Compositioiw. For Ch'ad'uates below the degree of M A. Greek Fcrse—Shakspeare: King John, Act IV. Scene ii., from “Why urgest thou so oft,” to end. (Trag. iamb, trim, acat.) Greek Prose —Sallust: Catiline, c. VIII., from “ Atheniensium res gestae ” to “ atque moderati habere.” Latin Verse —“ Peace.” (Alcaics or Sapphics.) Latin Prose —“ On the difference in the National Character of the Greeks and Romans, and its influence on their literature.” English Verse —“ The Ruins of Nineveh.” English Prose —“The Grecian, Roman, and British Colonies compared.” French Prose —“ The Influence of France on European History.” German Prose —“The Historical Cities of Germany.” For TJndergraduates. Greek Shakspeare: Julius Caesar, Act I. Scene ii., from “What means this shouting ?” to the end of Brutus’s speech before the re-entrance of Caesar,—omitting from “ He had a fever,” to the end of the speech, and from “Write them together,” to “but only one man.” (Trag. iamb, trim, acat.) Greek Prose—Swift’s Enquiry into the behaviour of the Queen’s last Ministry: *• The Character of Bolingbroke.” Latin Verse —“ Florence Nightingale at Scutari.” Latin Prose —“An Epistle from a Senator at Rome to a friend in the Provinces, giving an account of the assassination of Caesar.” English Verse —“ The Loss of the Pacific.” English Prose —“ For Sciences are of a sociable disposition, and flourish best in the neighbourhood of each other: nor is there any branch of 46 THE UNIVERSITIES. learning, but may be helped and improved by assistance drawn from other Arts.” French Prose —Robertson’s View of the State of Europe, Section I. (9) German P,ose —Gibbon’.^ Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire chapter IX., from “ A warlike Liation like the Germans,” to “ ardent and seditious.” The compositions are to be sent in, with fictitious signatures, about the 1st June, 1857. ©nttirrsita Htbrara anU iHusEunt. Library. —The Library contains a small but valuable collection of works in the different departments of science and literature. The number of volumes exceeds VOOO; and the selection has been made mainly with a view to their practical utility, as books of reference. The Library is open every day, except Sundays, from ten to three o’clock. Museum. —The Museum, which previous to 1853 was on a very limited scale, has, since that time, rapidly increased, and already contains enough to render it highly interesting and attractive. It affords the means of usefully illustrating the lectures on the various departments of Zoology and Botany; and at the same time offers inducements and assistance for the further study of Xatural History, by exhibiting an extensive series of objects, and especially of the productions of Canada. Several fine speci¬ mens of animals have lately been added to the collection. The birds number about'ISO, which are arranged, so far as space will admit. Addi¬ tions are being made in the departments of Icthyology, Entomology, and Conchology, which will greatly increase the interest of the collection; and several packages of plants have been obtained from England and the Southern United States,—especially a fine collection of American mosses. CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF UNU^EliSITY OFFICERS. CfjancElIors. 1827. Sir Peregrine Maitland, Bart., K.C.B., 1829. Sir John Colborne, Bart., K.C.B. (now Lord Seaton, G.C.B.) 1836. Sir Francis Bond Head, Bart., K.C.H. 1838. Sir George Arthur, Bart., K.C.H. 1840. lit. Hon. C. P. Thomson (afterwards Lord Sydenham, G.C.B.) 1842. lit. Hon. Sir Charles Bagot, Bart., G.C.B., M.A., Ch. Ch. Coll. Oxon. 1843. Rt. Hon. Sir C. T. Metcalfe, Bart., G.C.B. (afterwards Lord Metcalfe.) 1846. Rt. Hon. the Earl Cathcart, K.C.B. 1847. lit. Hon. the Earl of Elgin and Kincardine, K.T., M.A., Mert. Coll. Oxon. 1850. Hon. Peter Boyle de Blaquiere, M.L.C. 1853, Hon. Christopher Widmer, M.D., McGill Coll., M.L.C. 1853. Hon. William Hume Blake, B.A., Trin. Coll. Dub., Chancellor of Upper Canada. 1856. Hon. Robert Easton Burns, Judge of the Court of Queen’s Bench. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE. 47 FtC£5®f)an«Ilor0. 1827. Hon. and Ven. John Strachan, D.D. (now Lord Bishop of Toronto.) 1848. Rov. John McCaul, LL.D., Trin. Coll. Dub., M.R.I.A. 1850. H. H. Croft, D.C.L., F.C S, 1853. Rev. John McCaul, LL.D., Trin. Coll. Dub,, M.R.I.A. 1856. John Langton, M.A., Trin. Coll. Cantab. irtrcsCIfjancclIors. 1842. Rev. John McCaul, L.L.D. 1852. W. G. Draper, M.A. 1850. Larratt W. Smith, B.C.L. 1853. Adam Crooks, B.C.L. ilniDersit]} College, TORONTO. On the first establishment of the Provincial University, the functions of instruction and of determining the standard of qualifications for University honors and degrees, were combined in the one institution, and were so con¬ tinued under the University Act of 1849. With a view of adapting the constitution of the University to a system of affiliated Colleges, the Act 16 Victoria, cap. 89, separated these functions, and established University College as a distinct Collegiate institution from the University of Toronto, and under the government of a College Council, composed of the Presi¬ dent, Vice-President, and Professors. By the same Act it is provided, that there shall be taught in the said College such sciences, arts, and branches of knowledge as the Council may, from time to time, determine, and as may be in accordance with the Statutes of the University of Toronto, respecting the prescribed subjects for examination. Ftsttor. 1854. His Excellency Sir Edmund Walker Head, Bart., M.A., Mert. Coll. Oxon., Governor General of British North America, &c., &c. ^^rrsi'icnt. 1848.—Rev. John McCaul, LL.D., Trin. Coll. Dub. Ftcr*lprrsi5ent. (Vacant.) ^professors. 1843. Rev. John McCaul, LL.D., Trin. Coll. Dub., Professor of Classical Literature, Logic, Rhetoric, and Belles Lettres. 1843. Rev. James Beaven, D.D, St. Edm. Hall, Oxon, Professor of Metaphysics and Ethics. 1843. H. H. Croft, D.C.L., Univ. Toronto, Professor of Chemistry and Experimental Philosophy. 48 THE UNIVERSITIEfi. 1850. George Buckland, Professor of the Theory and Practice of Agri¬ culture. 1853. J. B. Cherriinan, M.A., St. John’s Coll. Cantab., Professor of Natural Philosophy. 1853. Daniel Wilson. LL.D., Univ. St. Andrews, Professor of Plistory and English Literature. 1853. Rev. William Hincks, F.L.S., Professor of Natural Histoiy. 1853. E. J. Chapman, P.C.S., Professor of Mineralogy and Geology. 1853. James Forneri, I,L.D., Univ. Padua, Professor of Modern Languages. 1355. G. T. Kingston, M.A., Caius Coll. Cantab., Professor of Meteorology,, and Director of the Magnetic Observatory. The above Professors constitute the College Council.(a) 1845. J. M. Hirschfelder, Lecturer on Oriental Literature. 1856. Rev. Arthur Wickson, M.A., Univ. Toronto, Classical Tutor.. 1855. Rev. Alexander Lorimer, Librarian. -Registrar. 1845. H. Rowsell, Bookseller, Printer, and Stationer. 1843. Daniel Orris, Bedel and Steward. (a) The following sketch of the Professors of University College is by a member of the University : “The President, Dr. McCaul, was first of the First Class, and Gold Medalist, in Classics, at his degree examination in Trinity College, Dublin, and is long known as one of the most distinguished classical scholars of that celebrated University, and is also a Member of the Royal Irish Academy. He has edited an edition of Longinus ; Herodotus, B. I. ; The Satires of Horace; and Selections fram Lucian ; and is author of the following — Remarks on the Classical Course of the University of Dublin ; Lectures on Homer and Virgil; The Horatian Metres; The Terentian Metres, Kith a Sketch of Ancient Comedy, and The Metres of the Greek Tragedians. Dr. Beaven is a graduate of Oxford. He has edited Cicero de- Finibus Malorum et Bonorum, and is author of works on Natural Theology and the Church Catechism.. Dr. Croft is a Fellow of the Chemical Society, and has obtained a high reputation for his papers oxt' Chemistry, and for some discoveries in that science. Mr. Buckland has no Collegiate degree ; but is an authority on Agriculture, and the active Secretary of the Board of Agriculture for Upper Canada. Mr. Cherriman ranked among the highest of the Senior Wrangler* at Cambridge, in 1845} obtained a fellowship in St. John’s College there ; and is known among scientific men for his learned papers on subjects in the higher mathematics Dr. Wilson, one of the most energetic of our learned men,—by his works, as well as by virtue of his election as a Fellow of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Scotland,—is a high authority among the archaeologists and antiquaries of Great Britain, and lately claimed and obtained an equal rank among those of the United States. His works are : Memorials qf Old Edinburgh, 2 vols.; Oliver Cromwell and the Protectorate; and Archaeology and Pre-Historic Annals of SfoWond—which latter is so often quoted in the English reviews. Mr. Hincks has held distinguished professorships in educational institutions in England and Ireland, and has contributed papers on Botanical subjects to the British Association, of which he was an early member, and to the London Linninan Society, of which he has been for many years a Fellow.—Mr. Chapman is a Fellow of the Chemical Society, and the author of a Description of the Characters of Minerals ; Practical Mineralogy g and a number of other papers. Dr. Forneri is a graduate of an Italian University, and is author of a German Grammar, and several poetical and literary pieces, in French, Italian, and Spanish, among which are: Remarques sur P Italic ; Strenna e Capo d'anno al popolo Jtaliano; El Heroe del Trocadero i and an English pamphlet, on an educational subject. He is also the designer of a large “ Model of Rome,” in alto relievo, -28 ft, by 21 ft. Mr. Kingston was in the first class in Mathematics, at Cam> bridge, in 1846, and lately held the office of Principal of the Nautical School in Quebec. Mr. Hirsch¬ felder is well known as a Hebrew teacher; and Mr. Wickson is well known amongst his fellow- graduates of the University, as the Classical Gold Medalist of ISI?."*’ UNIVERSITY COLLEGE. 49 €owczz of Injstruction. First Year .—Greek and Latin Languages, Logic, Ethics, Mathematics, History and English Literature, Natural History, Mineralogy and Geology, Modern Languages, and Hebrew. Second Year .—Greek and Latin Languages, Rhetoric, Metaphysics and Ethics, Chemistry, Mathematics and Natural Philosophy, History and English Literature, Modem Languages, and Hebrew. Tfw'd Year .—Greek and Latin Languages, Metaphysics and Ethics, Applied Chemistry, Mathematics and Natural Philosophy, History and English Literature, Natural History, Modern Languages, and Oriental Languages. Fourth Year .—Greek and Latin Languages, Metaphysics and Ethics, Practical Chemistry. Mathematics and Natural Philosophy, History and English Literature, Mineralogy and Geology, Modern Languages, and Oriental Languages. Courses of lectures in Agriculture and Meteorology are also given. iSeguIations. Students. —There are four classes of Students admissible to the College. 1. Undergraduates: Tho'e who have passed the Matricula¬ tion examination in any University in Her Majesty’s dominions; 2. Matri¬ culants: Those who desire to qualify themselves for passing an examina¬ tion in the subjects appointed by the University of Toronto, for students of the standing of two years from Matriculation ; 3. Students: Those who desire to attend, during an academic year or term, more than one course of lectures ; and, 4. Occasional Students. Those who desire to attend but one course of lectures. Candidates for admission as Undergraduates, are required to produce certificates of good conduct, and of having passed the Matriculation ex¬ amination. Candidates for admission as Matriculants, are required to produce cer¬ tificates of good conduct, and of having completed the fourteenth year of their age; and, in addition, to satisfy the Professors, on examiaation, that they have the requisite qualifications for entering on the course of study which they purpose pursuing. Candidates for admission as Students or Occasional Students, are not required to produce any certificates, or to pass any examination. Undergraduates and Matriculants are required, during their attend¬ ance on lectures, to reside in licensed boarding-houses, or in such other houses as have been selected by their parents or guardians, and approved by the President of the College. Terms. —The academic year consists of two terms. The first extending from October 1st to December 20th; and the second from January 7th to May 18 th. Examinations. —An examination is held at the end of each term, in the subjects of lectures during that term. Prizes of books are given for proficiency in each department, as evinced at the two examinations. Separate prizes are offered for competition amongst Undergraduates and amongst Occasional Students. D 60 THE UNIVERSITIES. Religious Knowledge. —Lecture rooms are provided, and suitable hours will be set apart for the religious instruction of the students, by the ministers of their respective denominations. ;^Tiie University Library and Museum are under the joint control of the Senate of the University of Toronto, and of the Council of University College, and are open to all students. Apparatus Illustrative of Natural Philosophy, —The number of instruments, Ac., is about 180. Of these, 30 are illustrative of Statics, 14 of Dynamics; .50 of Hydrostatics, 10 of Acoustics, 13 of Heat, 20 of Optics, 16 of Physical Optics, and 16 of Geodesy and Astronomy. Apparatus Illustrative of Chemistry and Chemical Physics.— The number of chemical products is about 1,200; and of minerals used in the Arts, Ac., about 400. This collection includes also a large number of instruments illustrative of Electricity, Galvanism, Electro-Magnetism, Magneto-Electricity, Thermo-Electricity, Heat, Light, Ac.; Technology and Metallurgy. Fees.— No fees are charged to Undergraduates or Matriculants. Occasional Students, for one course of lectures of six or five in each week, £1 5s. ; course of four or three in each week, 15s.; course of two or one in each week, IDs. Students, for three courses of lectures, £2 10s.; for any number of courses above three, £4. ®l]e ilXagnexical aub iHeteorological ODbseruatorg^ TORONTO. The establishment of the British Colonial Observatories originated from a report to the British Association for the Advancement of Science, by Major (now General) Sabine, on the state and progress of researches regarding the geographical distributibn of the magnetic forces on the surface of the Globe. The report, presented in IBS'?, was taken into consideration at the meeting of the association at Newcastle in 1838, and a memorial founded on it was ad¬ dressed to the British Government by a committee of the association, consist¬ ing of Sir John Herschell, Mr.Whewell, Mr. Peacock and Professor Lloyd. In their memorial the committee recommended that a naval expedition should be dispatched for conducting a magnetic survey of the higher southern latitudes, and at the same time called the attention of Her Majesty’s ministers to the expediency of extending the researches to be accomplished by fixed obser¬ vations to certain stations of prominent interest within the limits of the British Colonial Possessions. The stations named were Canada and Van Diemen’s Land, as approximate to the points of greatest intensity of the magnetic force in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres ; St. Helena, as approximate to the point of least intensity on the globe; and the Cape of Good Hope, as a station where the secular changes of the magnetic elements presented features of peculiar interest. It was also suggested that the observations at the stations should include meteorological as well as magnetic UNIVERSITY OBSERVATORY. 51 phenomena. The Royal Society having also given their concurrent support to the application of the British Association; these joint recomendations were acceded to by Her Majesty’s government, and immediate steps taken for carrying them into effect. With the approbation of Sir Hussey Vivian, then Master General of the Ordnance, and at the recommendation of the committee, it was determined that the fixed observatories should be placed under the management of the Ordnance Department, and that the service should be performed exclusively by the officers and soldiers of the Royal Artillery. The officers selected were Lieut. F Eardley Wilmot for the Cape of Good Hope, Lieut, (now Lt.-Col.) Lefroy for St. Helena, and Lieut. Riddell for Canada. The detachments for the several stations left England in the autumn of 1839. On arrival in Can¬ ada, Lieut. Riddell having examined the different localities which were sug¬ gested as convenient sites, finally gave the preference to Toronto, where two and a half acres of ground were granted by the Provincial University, with the sole condition that the buildings to be erected should not be appro¬ priated to any other purpose than that of an observatory, and should revert to the University when the observatory should be discontinued. The build¬ ing was commenced in the spring of 1840 and completed in September of the same year; the observations prior to the latter date having been carried on in a room at the barracks. The observatory occupied the same site as the present one, which is situated in latitude 43“ 39' 25" N. and longitude 5h llm 33s W., and at a height above Lake Ontario of about 108 feet. The personal establishment consisted at the commencement, of its director, Lieut. Riddell, with three non-commissioned officers and two gunners selected by himself. The non-commissioned officers so selected were Corporal (after¬ wards Sergeant) James Johnston, (now assistant secretary to the Canadian Institute), Bombardier (afterwards Sergeant) James Walker, and Acting Bombardier (afterwards Sergeant) Thomas Menzies (observers in the pres* ent establishment). The strength of the staff was increased in 1841 by another non-commissioned officer, who continued till the transfer of the ob¬ servatory to the province in 1853. In 1841 Lieut. Riddell being obliged from ill health to return to England, Lieut. Lefroy, of the St. Helena Observatory, was appointed to the Toronto establishment with a view of his being employed on a magnetic survey of Canada and the territories of the Hudson’s Bay Company. Lieut, (after¬ wards Captain) Lefroy arrived in Toronto in October, 1842, and proceeded to the Hudson’s Bay territories in April, 1843, from which he did not return till the autumn of 1844. Prior to his arrival from St. Helena and during his absence, the observatory was in the charge of Lieut. Younghusband, who thus, with the exception of the six winter months 1842-3, was director from the beginning of 1841 to the end of 1844. In the spring of 1853, the period designed by the Imperial Government 62 THE UNIYERSITIES. for the duration of the Observatory having expired, and Captain Lefroy and his detachment having been recalled, a memorial was presented to the Governor General, Lord Elgin, by the Canadian Institute, praying that the observations hitherto carried on by the Royal Artillery might be continued under the Provincial Government. The petition was granted ; by permis¬ sion of the Board of Ordnance, the non-commissioned officers of Artillery were temporarly retained by the Province; and on the return of Captain Lefroy to England, the directorship of the observatory was given to J. B. Cherriman, Esq., M.A., Professor of Natural Philosophy in University College, who retained it until August, 1855, when G. T. Kingston, Esq., M.A., was appointed to the joint duties of Director of the Observatory and Professor of Meteorology in University College. The same year, the non-commissioned officers of Artillery, having retired from the army, be¬ came permanently attached to the Observatory. The old Observatory erected by the Royal Engineers, built of logs, rough cast and plastered, was replaced by a stone structure, which was commenced in the autumn of 1853 and completed in June, 1855. The main building, constituting the new observatory, is a rectangular edifice about 54 feet from north to south in the direction of the magnetic meridian, 44 feet from east to west, and 16 feet in height exclusive of the roof. At the north-west corner and included in the above horizontal dimensions, is a square tower,16 ft. by 16 ft. and 43 ft. in height, which is used for supporting the Anemometer. From the southern face of the main building and at right angles to it,extends a pas¬ sage 4| feet wide; which communicates at its southern extremity with a room 20 feet by 13, appropriated to the observations for absolute magnetic in¬ tensity. On the east and west of the passage ahd communicating with it by a second transverse passage, are two small rooms, the former for obser. ving transits, and the latter for observations of absolute declination. The three rooms just mentioned with their connecting passages, form a cross 72 feet from north to south, 73 feet from E. to W. and 8| feet in height. The extreme length of the whole building is thus 126 feet and its greatest width 73 feet. The smaller rooms and connecting passages were erected in the autumn of 1853, and were used for temporary offices during the demoli¬ tion of the old building and the completion of the new one. In the main building are placed the instruments used for observing the changes in the four magnetic elements. These instruments are as follows : 1. The Declinometer, for measuring the changes in the declination or variation of the magnet. 2. The Inclinometer, for observing the changes in the inclination or dip. 3. The Bifilar, for observing the changes in the horizontal component of the magnetic force. 4. Lloyd’s Balance Magnetometer, for the changes in the vertical com¬ ponent. UNIVERSITY OBSERVATORY. 63 In addition to the above instruments, the indications of which are read seven times each day, there are also magnetic instruments connected with photographic apparatus for recording continuously the changes in the declina¬ tion, and the horizontal and vertical components of the magnetic force. The absolute values of the magnetic elements are determined once in each month by a series of observations occupying five consecutive days. The observations for the dip are taken in a detached shed, and those for declin¬ ation and intensity in the two rooms already mentioned as appropriated for those purposes. Magnetism is one of the sciences whose progress the observatory is designed to promote ; meteorology is the other. The meteorological elements recorded a,re as follows: 1. The temperature of the air. 2. The total atmospheric pressure shown by the barometer. 3. The elastic force of aqueous vapor. 4. The relative humidity. 6. The temperature of the dew point. 6. The direction and velocity of the wind. For observations of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 the ordinary hours are 6 a.m., 8 a.m., 2 p. M,, 4 p. M., 10 p.M. and midnight, At these hours a record is also made of the general appearance of the sky, including the form, distribution and motion of the clouds. Observations for finding the dew point are made at 3 p. M. The direction and velocity of the wind is recorded not only at the observation hours but at every hour throughout the year, by Robinson’s Ane¬ mometer. A register of the maximum and minimum temperatures of the air that occur during each day and the greatest intensity of solar and ter¬ restrial radiation is made daily throughout the year. In addition to the meteorological condition of each day a record is made of occasional phenomena, such as rain and snow, with its duration and a- mount, thunderstorms, auroras and miscellaneous events illustrative of the progress of the seasons. The regular staff employed in the work of adjusting the instruments, making the magnetic and meteorological observations and reducing the results, consists at present of the Director, Professor Kingston, M.A., and three observers, Messrs. Walker, Menzies, and Stewart, formerly sergeants of the Royal Artillery. Latitude and Longitude of the three Chief Cities of Canada. Toronto . Montreal Quebec.. Latitude. ... 43° 39' 4''K ... 45° 31' 0"N. ... 46° 49' 12"K. The Latitude of Longitude. ^9° 21' 5"W. ^3° 35' 0"W. 71° 16' 0"W. Greenwich is 51° Greenwich Time. 5h. 17m. 26s. slow. 4h. 54m. 20s. slow. 4h. 46m. 43. slow. 28' 38"^. 54 THE UNIVERSITIES. Upper Canai>a College, TORONTO. Upper Canada College was established in the year 1829, by the then Lieutenant-Governor of Upper Canada, Sir John Colborne, (now Lord Seaton,) as an institution for general e lucation, and which might fitly prepare the way for, and ultimately assist in filling, the Provincial Univer¬ sity, then only projected. Having first obtained the concurrence of the College Council to the establishment of a Royal Grarmnar School, he submitted to Parliament a plan for its connection with the University;, and his proposal having been acceded to, the title of the Royal Grammar School was changed to that of Upper Canada College, and the institution opened for the purposes of tuition on the 4th January, 1830. Since then, more than two thousand pupils have been entered on its boards,—many of whom are now occupying distinguished positions in the Province and else- where.(a) The institution stands in the same relation to the University as the Preparatory and High Schools of other Universities, although sup¬ ported by an endowment of its own, aided by an annual Parliamentary grant. At present it is placed under the management of the Senate of the University of Toronto; but the Principal, Masters, and Teachers are ap¬ pointed by the Governor. -, Principal. 1838. Rev. Henry Scadding, D.D., St. John’s Coll. Cantab., First Classical Master. 1846. Rev. Walter Steniiett, M.A., Second Classical Master. 1849. William Wedd, M.A., Third Classical Master. 1856. James Brown, M.A., Mathematical Master. 1843. Michael Barrett, M.D., First English Master. 1849. C. Thompson, Second English Master. 1850. J. Dodd, Master of Commercial Department. 1856. E. J. Lelievie de St. Remy, French Master. 1856. F. B. Tisdell, Assistant Master for Preparatory Form. 1850, E. C. Bull, Drawing Master. 1851. A. Maul, Music Master.^ 185'7. M. Power, Drill Master. There are twelve exhibitions established in the College—six conferring a yearly stipend and free tuition, and six free tuition only—all open to com¬ petition among jiupils of the fourth form, and each tenable for three years. Of these, four are filled up each year, after examination in the following subjects : Virgil, .^neid, B. II, and a portion of the Anabasis,—both with Anthon’s notes, and the requisite articles in Smith’s Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities; Piitz and Arnold’s Ancient Geography and History; Euclid, Book I., with problems; Algebra, to end of Simple (a) The four first-named Masters were formerly pupils of the College. VICTORIA COLLEGE. 56 Equations; Comstock’s Natural Philosophy, to end of “Mechanics;” Thomson’s Arithmetic, to end of Vulgar Fractions; a French subject; and Stewart’s Geography of Europe. Terms. — Auhimn, from the end of Summer Vacation to 30tb November; Winter, from 1st December to end of February ; Spring, from 1st March to I5th May ; Summer, from 16th May to 21st July. Fees, —Tuition, £5 per annum ; Board, £40 per annum. Enioersitp of bictoria College, COBOURG. The existence of this College is due to the efforts of the Conferenee of the Wesleyan Methodist Church. During the years 1828-9, plans were devised for the establishment of an Academy for the superior education of both sexes ; and in 1880, the Conference appointed a committee to collect subscriptions, and select a site for the proposed institution, which they then named Upper Canada Academy. After offers of donations of land and money from various parts of the Province, the town of Cobourg was selected, for the liberality of its offer and central position. Upwards of £7000 were collected ; and in the autumn of 1832 the buildings were commenced. Various circumstances, however, delayed the completion of the work; and it was not until the 18th June, 1836, that the Aca¬ demy was formally opened. On the 12th October of the same year, a Royal Charter of incorporation was obtained; and also, about the same time, a public grant, principally through the exertions of the chief originator of the College, the Rev. Egerton Ryerson, D.D. In 1841, ap¬ plication was made to Parliament for an alteration in the constitution of the Academy and its establishment as a University ; and accordingly the Act 4 Je 6 Victoria, cap. 37, was passed, conferring the usual Univer¬ sity powers upon its authorities, under the title of “ Victoria College, at Cobourg.”(a) Under this Act, the management of the College is en¬ trusted to a Board, composed of nine Trustees and five Visitors, appointed by the Conference; and to a Senate, composed of the Piesident, Professors, Members of the Board, and certain officers of Government, for the time being. The Faculty of Arts has been in operation since 184-2. In 1854, an arrangement was made with the Toronto School of Medicine, by which that institution became the Faculty of Medicine of the University. The preparatory department sustains to the College the relation of a Gram¬ mar or High School, and is designed to qualify pupils for tlie Univer¬ sity eourse, or to give them an elementary training in any or all of the following subjects, viz.:—Arithmetic, geography, history, English gram¬ mar, reading, penmanship, book-keeping, algebra, natural philosophy, (a) In 1850, this Act was amended by 13 St 14 Victoria, cap. 143, authorising the removal of the College to Toronto. Notice of application for another removal Act has lately been given. 56 THE UKIVERSITIES. French, Latin, and Greek languages. Students presenting themselves for admission into this department, are classed according to their attainments, and instructed in such branches as are deemed most suitable. No re¬ ligious tests are prescribed; but all students are required to attend divine service on the Sabbath, in connection with whatever Church they or their parents prefer. They are also required to attend prayers, with the reading of the Scriptures, in the College Chapel, in the morning and evening of each day. The institution is supported by the sale of scholar¬ ships, fees, and an annual Parliamentary grant. Its income is limited by the Charter of incorporation to £2000 sterling per annum. UNIVERSITY OFFICERS. .Senate. Rev. Samuel S. Nelles. M.A.. Fresident. President of the Executive Council. Speaker of the Legislative Council. Speaker of the Legislative Assembly. Attorney General for Upper Canada. Solicitor General for Upper Canada. Rev. Enoch Wood. Rev. John Ryerson. Rev. Egeiton Ryerson, D.D. Rev. Richard Jones. Rev. Anson Green, D.D. Rev. G. R. Sanderson. Rev. S. D. Rice. Rev. John Douse. Rev. Samuel Rose. Rev. John Carroll. Professor Kingston, M.A. Professor Wilson, B.A. Rev. Professor Whitlock, M.A. Hon. J. Rolph, M.D.,M.R.C.S. Eng. Professor Geikie, M.D. Professor Brouse, M.D. Professor Bowen, M.D. Professor Ogden, M.D. Hon. James Perrier, M.L.C. John Counter. John P. Roblin. 33oarti of Ftcton'a CCoIIrgc. Trustees. Rev. Enoch Wood. Rev. John Ryerson. Rev. Richard Jones. Rev. Egerton Ryerson, D.D. Rev. Anson Green, D.D. Rev. S. D. Rice. Rev. S. S. Nelles, M.A. Hon. James Perrier, M.L.C. John P. Roblin. Visitors. Rev. Samuel Rose. 1 Rev. John Douse. Rev. G. R. Sanderson. I John Counter. Rev. John Carroll. Officers of the Board. Rev. Enoch Wood, Chairman. Rev. G. R. Sanderson, Secretary. \ Rev. S. D. Rice, Treasurer. VICTOEIA COLLEGE. 57 COLLEGIATE OFFICERS. Presiicnt. Rev. S. S. Nelles, M.A. Professors, &c. Faculty of Arts. Rev. S. S. Felles, M.A., Professor of Ethics and Metaphysics. William Kingston, M.A., Professor of Mathematics. John Wilson, B. A.. Trin. Coll. Dub., Professor of Greek and Latin Languages* Rev. George C. Whitlock, M.A., Professor of French Language and Chemistry* John Campbell, Classical Tutor. T. A. Ferguson, Mathematical Tutor. William Kerr, B.A., Tutor in Natural Science. William S. Thompson, Rector of Collegiate School. Alexander Burns, Assistant Teacher. W. A. Whitney, Assistant Teacher. Rev. S. D. Rice, Moral Governor. The lectures in this Faculty are delivered at Cobourg. Faculty of Medicine. Hon. John Rolph, M.D., M.R.C.S. Eng., Dean of the Faculty. Walter B. Geikie, M.D. W. H. Brouse, M.D. (who has been unable to assume his duties this session.) Charles A. A. Bowen, M.D. Edwy J. R. Ogden, M.D. The lectures in this Faculty are delivered at Toronto. Lectures on Medical Chemistry are delivered at University College, by Professor Croft, D.C.L. (graliuates. Aikins, M. H., B. A,. 1855. Barrett, M., M. D., hon. 1855. Beach, D., M. A., hon. 1856. Beatty, T., M. D., 1856. Bentley, J., M. D., 1855. Bingham, G. W., M. D., 1855. Britton, B. M., B. A., 1856. Brouse, W. H., M. A., hon. 1849. Bull, E., M, D., 1855. Bull, F., M. D., 1855. Cameron, C. M. D., B. A., 1849. Campbell, D. W., M. D., 1855. Campbell, J., B. A., 1849. Carbert, J., M. D., 1856. Carman, A., B. A., 1856. Castleman, W. A., M. D., 1856. Caughell, C., M. D,, 1856. Dean, W. H., B. A., 1854. Doiiand, P. Y.. M, D., 1855. Edwards, H., M. D., 1856. Franklin, B.,M. D., 1856. Flock, C. W., M. D., 1856. Ford, A. E., M. D., 1856. Grey, J. G., M. D., 1855- Gustin, E. W., M.. D., 1855. Hawkesworth, E., M. D., 1856. Hickey, R. I., B. A., 1854. Hodgins, J. G., M. A., hon. 1856. Hoole, Rev. E., D. D., hon. 1856. Imeson, A., M. D., 1856. Kerr, W., B. A., 1856. Macdonald, W. R., B.A., ad eMn.1856. 58 THE UNITERSITIES. Martin, C. E., M. D., 1856 McGarvin, N., M. D., 1856. Newkirk, P., M. D., 1855. Noble, C. R, M. D., 1856. Ogden, E. J. R, M. D., 1855. Ogden, U., M. D., 1855. Ormiston, Rev. W., B.A. 1848; M. 1856. Park, A. J., M. D., 1855. Poole, T. W., M. D., 1856. Priee, E., M. D., 1856. Rolpb, Hon. J., M. D., hon. 1855. York, T. i Rosebrugb, J. W., M. D., 1856. I Ryckman, Rev. E. B., B. A., 1855. Scott, Rev. J., D. D., hon. 1849. 1 Scott, S. A., M. D., ad eun. 1855. ; Secord, S.. M. D., 1856. i Springer, 0., B.A. 1846 ; M.A. 1849 A,! Stimson, J., M. D., 1855. I Stinson, Rev. J., D. D., hon. 1856. j Walratb, J., M. D., 1856. I Williams, J. D. R.. M. D. 1856. i Wright, H. H., M. D., hon. 1855. ‘ Wright, Rev. W, B. A., 1848. J., M.D., 1856. Stutirnts. Some of the following have not yet passed the Matriculation Examination. Agnew, J. N. Hamilton, A. Ogden, I. Bailey, H. G. Haney, H. K., M. D. Ogden, W. W. Bain, A. Harris, — Oliver, J. E. Beatty, E. J, Henderson, W. C. j Parker, W. R. Berritnan, C. Y. Hill, A. G. i Pipe, W. Beynon, J. W. Hocking, W. | Pritchard, F. W. Brown, J. W. Holden, T. Quarry, W. D. Burns, N. Irwin, W. Reeve, J. Campbell, W. F. Johnston, J. Riddell, A. A. Caw, D. Keating, T. Robertson, D, Clarke, D. Kerr, J. W, Rogers, W. G. Craw ford, J. Langstaff, L. Rosebrugb, A. M. Curry, R. C. Law, W, H. Roy, F. E. DeEvelyn, J, Lazier, -*h F. Seaulan, M. Donnellv, J. ! Leask, R. Shannon, G. C. Drake, W. H Lynn, J. Smith, H. E. Dumble, D. W. Marlatt, J. W. Stevenson, J. D. Emmery, R. Mitchell, W. F. Stewart, A. Ferrier, D. W. Montgomery, R. Sutherland, D. Fleak, H. C. Mullen, J. A. Tabor, S. Fletcher, A. Mullen, J. T. Tew, H. Flint, J. J. McGuire, T. Tufford, C. D. Flock, J. R. McIntyre, D. Walden, J. W. Gowans, W. B. McKay, J. Washington, G. Grange, J. McKenzie, G. E. Willoughby, N. R. Gunn, A. i Noble, H. Wood, G. Yeomans, A. A. JTacuItn of ^lis. The Degrees conferred in this Faculty are B.A. and M.A. The regular course of study for the degree of B.A. extends over four years, with the fol¬ lowing exceptions:— Candidates may be admitted to advanced standing in the course by passing an examination in all the studies preceding the year on which they propose to enter. VICTORIA COLLEGE. 59 No one, however, will be allowed to enter later than at the beginning of the Senior Year. Any student not intending to graduate, may pursue a partial or elective course, selecting such studies as his circumstances may allow, and omitting the others. The requisites for the degree of M.A. are: 1. Having been admitted to the degree of B.A. 2. Being of the standing of three years from admission to the degree of B.A. The following are the subjects for Matriculation in this Faculty:— Greek and Latin Languages. Greek Grammar and Greek Reader. (Bullions.) Latin Grammar and Latin Reader. (Andrews.) First Book in Latin. (Arnold.) Caesar, de Bello Gallico, B, 1. Virgil, ^neid, B. I. Sallust, Catiline, Mathematics. Arithmetic, and Elements of Algebra. (Loomis.) Elements of Natural Philosophy. (Parker.) English and History. English Grammar. ] Outlines of English History. Ancient and Modern Geography. College Terms. —There are three terms in each year; Fall Term, com¬ mencing second Thursday in August and ending second Wednesday in De¬ cember. Winter Term, commencing 8th January and ending in March. Spring Term, commencing 1st April and ending 27th May. Fees. —All the lectures of the college course, £8 per year. Degree of B.A. £ . Board, including furnished room, bed, bedding and fuel, 12s. 6d. per week; Tuition, preparatory department, common English branches, £4, per annum; all the higher branches, £6 per annum ; incidentals, 10s. jFarultg of iffitetitcine. The Degree conferred in this Faculty is M.D. The requisites from each candidate are 1. Having given, by means of a matriculation examination, evidence of competent classical attainments. 2. Having completed the 21st year of his age. 3. Having pursued medical studies for a period of at least four years. 4. Having attended, during three of these years, lectures on the fol¬ lowing branches; anatomy; physiology; principles and practice of medi¬ cine; principles and practice of suigery ; midwifery, and diseases of women and children ; materia medica and therapeutics; chemistry ; medical jurisprudence ; clinical medicine, and surgery,—with twelve months hospital attendance and hospital clinical instruction. 5. Having passed an examination on the above subjects in the manner prescribed by the College. 60 THE UNIVBE8ITIE8. HnitJcrsitg of Ancon’s College. KINGSTON, {a) Queen’s College was established by the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada, in connection with the Church of Scotland, and Was ori¬ ginally incorporated by an Act of the Parliament of Upper Canada, 3 Yic- toria, cap. 35, as The University at Kingston. This Act, however, was disallowed, and a Royal Charter granted the following year, bearing date 10th October, 1841, and conferring the title of “ Queen’s College at Kings¬ ton,” with power to confer degrees in the several Arts and Faculties. No religious test or qualification is required of persons matriculated, or admit¬ ted to a degree, “ save only that all persons admitted within the said Col¬ lege to any degree in Divinity shall make the same declarations and sub¬ scriptions as are required of persons admitted to any degree in Divinity in the University of Edinburgh.” The management of the Institution is en¬ trusted to twenty-seven Trustees—twelve clergymen and fifteen laymen— appointed by the Synod of the Church; and to a College Senate composed of the Principal and Professors for the time being. In 1846 the property originally vested in the corporation created by the disallowed Act of 1840, was transferred to the corporation of Queen’s College by the Act of 9 Vic. cap. 89. The Institution is supported by income from endowment, agrant from the Legislature, subscriptions, and assistance from Church funds. (6) By the Charter, its income may be £15,000 sterling per annum. STrustees, Hon. John Hamilton, M.L.C., Chairman. Andrew Drummond, Treasurer. \ John Paton, Secretary. l^rincipal. Vacant. Ftce=Principal Rev. James George, D.D. Iprofessors. Faculty of Arts. Rev. James George, D.D., Professor of Logic, and Mental and Moral Philosophy, and Interim Lecturer on Systematic Theology. - Professor of Hebrew, Biblical Criticism and Church History. (а) In consequence of other business, it was found impossible for any of the members of the Senatus to find time to make up the statement requested; but what is here given has been compiled from published documents, and is generally correct. (б) The amount of the Clergy Reserve Commutation lately paid to ministers of the Church of Scot¬ land in connection with Queen’s College was £0,468 15s, queen’s college. 61 Rev, J. Williamson, LL.D., Professor of Mathematics and Natural Phi¬ losophy. Rev, George Weir, A.M., Professor of Classical Literature. Faculty of ^Tedicine. James Sampson, M.D., Professor of Clinical Medicine and Surgery. John Stewart, L.R.C.S. Edinb., Professor of Practical Anatomy and Physi¬ ology. John R. Dickson, M.D,, Professor of Principles and Practice of Surgery. Horatio Yates, M.D., Professor of Principles and Practice of Medicine. J. P. Litchfield, M.D., Professor of Midwifery. Alexander Campbell, Professor of Forensic State Medicine. Fife Fowler, M.D., L.R.C.S.I., Professor of Materia Medica, Therapeutics and Pharmacy. Ctratiuatc 0 . Some of the degrees in the following list are honorary, but no information having been received, no distinction could be made. Bain, Rev. W., M.A. 1847. Bell, Rev. A., B.A. 1853. Bell, Rev. G., B.A. 1847. Bell, W., B.A. 1855. Benson, J. R., B.A. 1853. Bonner, J., M.A. 1847. Bouchier, H. P., B.A. 1853. Brown, M. J., M.D. 1856. Campbell, D., B.A. 1850. Campbell, Rev. J,, M.A. 1850. Campbell, J, H., M.D. 1856. Campbell, R., B.A. 1856. Chambers, D., M.D, 1855. Cluness, W.R., B.A. 1855. Corbett, G. H., MD. 1856. Douglas, A., M.D. 1855. Douglas, R., B.A. 1851. Dunbar, N., B.A. 1854. Dunbar, S., M.D. 1855. Evans, J., B.A. 1855. Ferguson, Rev. G. D., B.A. 1851. Franklin, B,. M.D. 1856. Fraser, A. J., B.A. 1852. Gordon, Rev. J., M.A. 1854. Heenan, D., B.A. 1849. Herriman, W. L„ M.D. 1S55. Hillier, W., M.D. 1855. Johnston, Rev. W., M.A. 1852. Kay, W., M.A. 1855. Lindsay, Rev. J., M.A. 1854. Lindsay, Rev. P., B.A. 1851. Maclennan, Rev. K., B.A. 1849r Malloeh,^ G. W., B.A. 1850. Mattice, W. D., B.A. 1847. McDonald, C., B.A. 1855. McDonald, D., B.A. 1854. McEwan, Rev. J., M.A. 1854. McGillivray, F., B.A. 1852. McIntyre, J., B.A. 1847. McKay, W. E., B.A. 1856. McKenzie, J. H., B.A. 1856, McKerras, Rev. J. H., M.A. 1852. McLaren, J., B.A. 1850. McLaren, P., B.A. 1853. McLean, D. J., B.A. 1855. McLennan, J., B.A. 1849. McLennan, J., B.A. 1855. McLeod, J. A. F., B.A. 1854. McPherson, H., B.A. 1851. Mercer, J. F., M.D. 1854. Miller, T., sr., B.A. 1852, Miller, T., jr., B.A. 1854, Mowat, Rev. J. B,, M.A. 1847. Muir, A., B.A. 1851. Rollo, J., B.A. 1852, Rose, G. S., 1856. Ross, W. A., B.A. 1855. Scott, W. S., M.D. 1855. Sieveright, J., B.A. 1855. Spafford, H. W., xM.D. 1855. Sproat, A., B.A. 1853. Squire, W. W., B.A* 1854. 62 THE UNIVERSITIES. Sutherland, 1852. Thibodo, A., M.A. 1854. Thompson, J., B.A. 1855. Wallace, Rev. A., B.A. 184Y. Wallbridge, A. F., B.A. 1854. Watson, Rev. D., M.A. 1852. Watson, P., B.A. 1852. Yates, 0., M.D. 1856. jracultn of 5rt». The Degrees conferred in this Faculty are A.B. and A.M. The regular course of study for the degree of A.B. extends over three sessions. Candidates for Matriculation are required to produce a certificate of moral and religious character from the Minister of the Congregation to which they belong. The requisites for the degree of A.M. are not stated. The following are the subjects for Matriculation in this Faculty : Greek and Latin Languages. Greek Grammar. [ Caesar, de Bello Gallico, Bb. I.-III. Mair’s Introduction. | Virgil jFnied, Bb. L-III. Mathematics. Arithmetic, Vulgar and Decimal I Euclid, Book I. Fractions. | A certain number of Scholarships or Bursaries are awarded at the com¬ mencement of the Session. The Bursaries for Students of the first year are conferred on those who display the greatest proficency in the subjects of examination for Matriculation. For students of other years, the subjects of examination for Scholarships are the studies of former Sessions. College Terms. —The sessions are of six months each, and commence on the first Wednesday in October, and close about the end of April. The Divinity Classes open on the first Wednesday in November. Fees. —Matriculation, £1 ; Lectures of each class, per session, £2, except Natural Philosophy, which is £3. Preparatory Department, per annum: English, Reading, Writing, and Arithmetic, lor pupils under 12 years of age, £4; for pupils above 12 years of age, £6; the above branches, together with Geography, English Grammar, Composition, the Latin Rudiments, and the use of the Globes, £6 ; all the above branches, with lessons in the Latin Classics, Greek, or other Mathematics, £8. Jacultj) of iSfctn'ciiie. The Degree conferred in this Faculty is M.D. The requisites for admission to this Degree are : 1st. Having completed the 21st year of his age. 2nd. Having pursued medical studies for the period of at least four years and having attended, during that time, lectures for three sessions in some recognized Medical School, on the subjects and for the periods hereinafter set forth : Anatomy and Physiology. 2 courses of six months. Practical Anatomy. do do Principles and Practice of Surgery.. do do TRINITY COLLEGE. 63 Principles and Practice of Medicine. 2 courses of six months. Materia Medica and Pharmacy. do do Obstetrics and Diseases of Women and Children. do do Chemistry. do do TO (2 courses of three months, Chmcal Medicine and Surgery....^ two lectures a week. Hospital. 12 months. One session at least must have been passed in this University, during which time all the above named classes must have been attended. One year engaged with a respectable Medical Practitioner, previous, or subsequent, to the three sessions’ attendance on lectures, will be considered equivalent to attending lectures a fourth session. 3rd. The candidate will be required to give proof, previous to his ex¬ amination, of his classical attainments, and to present to the Faculty, a Thesis written by himself on some medical subject. Sessions. —The sessions commence on the first Monday in November of each year, and continue until the end of April of the following year. Fees. —Matriculation, 15s.; Lectures of each class, per session, £2 10s. except Clinical Medicine and Surgery, which are free to those who gradu¬ ate in this University. Degree of M.D., £7 10s. of Coliegc, TORONTO.(a) Trinity College owes its establishment to the persevering efforts of the present Lord Bishop of Toronto, the Right Rev. Dr. Strachan. For a long time it had been insisted that one of the chief objects in obtaining the Charter and endowment of the Provincial University, was to provide means for educating the clergy of the Episcopal Church; (6) but Parliament, acting on behalf of the people of the Province, for whose benefit the University was intended, and in further compliance with the request of fhe successor of the Royal founder, amended the Charter, by abolish¬ ing the Chair of Divinity, in 1849. Previous, however, to the open¬ ing of the Provincial University,—and about two years before the organi¬ zation of its Faculty of Divinity,—the Bishop established a Diocesan Theological College at Cobourg, for the education of candidates for Holy Orders, and appointed one of his chaplains to be Professor of Divinity for his Diocese. This arrangement continued during the existence of a similar Professorship in the University; and became the means of educating about nine-tenths of the clergy who were ordained during the continu¬ ance of the two theological schools. (a) It is to be regreted that no information was furnished from this Institution, on the ground that “it was not considered desirable to anticipate any special information which the College Calen¬ dar for 1857 may give.” Not wishing, however, to let the College suffer from such a refusal application was made to several gentlemen, supposed to be acquainted with its affairs, but with little success. Nevertheless, the information here given may be considered as generally correct. (5) Bishop of Toronto’s letter to Sir Charles Metcalfe, 6th March, 1844. 64 THE UNIVERSITIES. The Act of 1849, while it abolished the distinctive theological cha¬ racter of the Provincial University, continued its Professors. Measures, however, were adopted, in 1850, for the establishment of a denomina¬ tional College; and an appeal was made by the Bishop to the mem¬ bers of the Church of England in Canada and England. The appeal— made at a time when party spirit ran high on political and constitutional questions—was liberally responded to. In 1851, Parliament incorporated the proposed Church institution, by the Act 14 & 15 Victoria, cap. 32, under the title .of “Trinity College;” and on the 15th of January, 1852, the College was formally opened for the admission of students.(a) On the 10th of July, of the same year, after correspondence and modification of the original draft, a Royal Charter was obtained, conferring the usual Uni¬ versity powers to grant degrees in Divinity, Law, Medicine, and Arts. The corporation created by the Act consists of the Bishop and such persons as he may appoint to be the Trustees and Council of the Col¬ lege, and may hold property to the value of £5000 per annum, subject to the provisions that “ the Corporation shall at all times, when called upon so to do by the Governor of the Province, render an account, in writing, of their property, setting forth in particular the amount of income and from what property derived; also the number of members of the Corporation, the number of teachers and students, and the course of in¬ struction pursued.” This University confers no degree whatever unless the candidate has previously taken the oath of allegiance and supremacy, and subscribed the following declaration: “ I, -, do willingly and heartily declare that I am truly and sincerely a member of the United Church of England and Ireland.” The institution is liberally endowed by private subscriptions of money and lands, and grants from public bodies.(6) VmVERSITY OFFICERS. GCfjanrellor. 1853. Hon. Sir John Beverley Robinson, Bart., C.B., D.C.L., Chief Justice of Upper Canada. FtceiCCt^ncdlor. 1853. Rev. George Whitaker, M.A., Queen’s Coll. Cantab. (Caput. The Caput consists of the Vice-Chancellor, the Deans of the Faculty of Law and Medicine, and two Masters of Arts, elected annually by Con¬ vocation at the first meeting in Michaelmas Term. Their names are not known. (а) Previous to this—in October, 1850—a newly-established Medical School became connected with the College as a Faculty of Medicine, and so continued until 1856, when its Professors resigned on the question of “Tests.” (б) The Clergy Reserve Commutation of the Professors connected with the College in 1864, amounted to £16,464. TRINITY COLLEGE. 65 COLLEGIATE OFFICERS. 1863. Rev. George Whitaker, M.A., Queen’s Coll. Cantab. 1853. Rev. George Whitaker, M A., Queen’s Coll. Cantab., Professor of Divinity. 1855. Rev. John Ambery, M.A., Brasn. Coll. Oxon., Professor of Classics and Logic. 1856. Rev. Edward Kay Kendall, B.A., St. John’s Coll. Cantab., Professor of Mathematics. 1853. Henry Toule Hind, M.A., Professor of Chemistry. 1853. James Bovell, M.D., L.R.C.S. Eng., Professor of Natural Theology. 1853. George William Strathy, Mus. Bac., Professor of Music. 1855. Abraham James Broughall, B.A., Classical Tutor. 1856. Richard Sanders, B.A., Mathematical Tutor. Faculty of Lavo. 1853. Hon. John Hillyard Cameron, D.C.L., Q.C. 1853. Hon. Philip M. Vankoughnet, D.C.L., Q.C. Corporation of Crinitg Collrfle. 1851. Hon. and Right Rev. John Strachan, D.D., LL.D., Lord Bishop of Toronto. Trustees. 1851. Rev. Henry Jas. Grasett, B.D. | 1861. George William Allan. 1851. Lewis Moffatt. Treasurer. 1851. Hon. George Crookshank. Council. 1851. Hon, Sir John Beverley Robinson, Bart., C.B., D.C.L., Chancellor. 1853. Rev. George Whitaker, M.A,, Provost. 1855. Rev. John Ambery, M.A., Professor of Classics and Logic. 1856. Rev, Edward Kay Kendall, B.A., Professor of Mathematics. 1851. Ven. George O’Kill Stuart, D.D., LL.D., Archdeacon of Kingston. 1851, Ven. A. N. Bethune, D.D., LL.D., Archdeacon of York. 1851. Rev. Henry James Grasett, B.D. 1851. Hon. P. M. Vankoughnet, D.C.L,, Q.C., Professor of Law. 1853. George William Allan. 1851. John Arnold. 1851. Lewis Mofifatt. 18,51. Hon. John G. Spragge, Vice Chancellor of Upper Canada. 1851. James McGill Strachan. X 66 THE UNIVERSITIES. 1851. Hon. Sir Allan Napier MacNab, Bart., Q.C., M.P.F. 1856. Hon. John H. Hagarty, D.C.L., Judge of the Court of Common Pleas. 1856. James Lukin Robinson, 1856. Samuel B. Harman, B.C.L. 1851. Charles Magrath, B.C.L., Secretary and Biirsar. Craliuatrs. Badgley,F.,M.D.of-, adeun.\%hZ. Baldwin, Rev. E., M.A. of King’s Coll. (Univ.Toronto), ad eun. 1856. Ball, R. L., M.B. 1856. Barber, G. A., B.A. of Univ. Toronto, ad eun. 1853; M.A. 1853. Beaven, E. W., sch. 1853; B.A. 1854. Belt, Rev. W., B.A. 1854. Bethune, J. J., sch. 1853 ; B.A. 1856. Bethune,N.,M.D.of- ,adeun.l8bS. Bettridge, W., B.A.of Univ.Toronto, adeu7i.lSo5] M.A.1855; M.B. 1854. Blackman, Rev. T. J. M. W., B.A. of King’s Coll., Windsor, N.S., acZ eu7i. 1856: M.A. 1856. Bogert, J. J , B.A. 1855. Bovell, J., M.D. of Glasgow, ad eun, 1853. Bown, E. T., M.B. 1854. Broughall, A. J.,scAl853; B.A.1855. Burdett, D. E., M.B. 1854. Butler, Rev. J., M.A. (hon.) of Bp.’s Coll Lennoxville; ad eun. 1856. Cameron,Hon.J.H., D.C.L. kon.lSbb. Carrall, C. I., B.C.L. 1855. Cooper, Rev. H. C., B.A. of Pemb. Coll. Cantab., ad eun. 1856 Cooper, W., sch. 1853; B.A. 1854. Cruden, W., sch. 1853 ; B A. 1855. Davies, H.W.,sc;i. 1853; B.A.1855. Deazely, T., M.D. of- adeun.\8bo. Evans,'F., sch. 1854 ; B.A. 1856. Evans, G. M., B.A. of Univ.Toronto, ad eun. 1854; M.A. 1854. Fletcher, Rev. J., B.A. of Trin. Coll. Dub., ad eun. 1856 ; Itl.A. 1856. Geddes, Rev. J. G., B.A. of King’s Coll. (Univ. Toronto), ac? CM71 1853; M.A. 1853. Gibson, Rev. J. C., B.A. 1856. Gilmor, W.R., M.B. 1854. Goodman. E., M.B. 1854. Hagerty.PIon. J. H., D.C L.,/2on. 1855. Hallowell.W., M.D, of— ^adeun.lSbb. Harman, S. B., B.C.L. 1855. Harrison, R. A., B.C.L. 1855. Helliwell, M.A. of Univ. Toronto, ad eun. 1853. Higginson, G.N.,6C^.1853; B.A.1855. Hill, Rev. A., B.A. of-Coll. Can- tab., ad eun. 1855. Hind, H, Y., M.A. Aon. 1853. Hodder, E. M , M.D. hon. 1853. Ingles, Rev. C. L., B.A. of-, ad eun. 1853. Irving, Rev. G. C., M.A. of St. John’s Coll. Cantab.; ad eun. 1856. Jarvi.s, G. R., B.A. of King’s Coll. Windsor, N.S., ad eun. 1855. Johnston, R. J., M.B. 1855. Jones, H. C., B.A. 1855. Kingsraill, J. J., B A. of King’s Coll. (Univ.Toronto), ad eMrt.1856; M.A. 1856; B.C,L. 1856. Kingstone, F. W., B.A. 1856. Lambert, W., M.B. 1856. Langtry, Rev. J.,A’c/i. 1853; B.A.1854. Lewis, R. P„ M.B. 1854. Mackenzie, J. T., M.B. 1856. Magrath, C., B.C.L., 1855. McKenzie, Rev J. G. D., B.A. of King’s Coll. (Univ. Toronto), ad eun. 1853 ; M.A. 1853. Merritt, Rev. R. N,, B A. of-, ad eun. 1853 ; M.A. 1853. Morphy, H B., B.C.L. 1856. Morris, A. R., B.A. 1856. Murray, H. W. M., B.A. 1855, O’Reilly, J. E., sch. 1853 ; B.A.1855, Palmer, Rev. A., B.A. of Trin. Coll. Dub,, ad eun. 1855; M.A. 1855. Patton, A. M., B.A. 1856. Phillipps, T.D., sch. 1853; B.A.1854. Preston, Rev. J. A,, B.A. of Univ. Toronto, at/enn, 1853 ; M.A. 1854. Robarts, Rev. T. T., B.A. of Univ. Toronto, 0(7eumand Apparatus of both faculties are worth about £1,300. UNIVERSITY OFFICERS. Uisitov. His Excellency the Governor General. fiSo&erncrs, Mon. Charles Dewey Day, LL.D., Juilge of the Superior Court of Lower Canada, President. Hon. James Ferrier, M.L.C. Hon. Peter McGill, M.L.C. Thomas Brown Anderson. David Davidson. William Foster Coffin. Benjamin Holmes. Andrew Robertson, M.A. Christopher Dunkin, M.A. The Governors are members of the Royal Institution for the Advancement of Learning. ISrlnctpal. John William Dawson, M.A., F.G.S. JTcUaiBS. J. J. C. Abbott, B.C.L., Dean of the Faculty of Law. Andrew F. Holmes, M.D , Dean of the Faculty of Medicine. Rev. W. T. Leach, D.C.L., Dean of the Faculty of Arts. The Governors, Principal, and Pellows, constitute the Oorpuration of the University. Henry As pin wall How’e, M.A., Rec¬ tor of the High School. Brown Chamberlin, B.C.L. Walter Jones, M.D. Alexander Morris, M.A. ' COLLEGIATE OFFICERS. IPrtnrtpal. John William Dawson, M.A., F.G.S. Rev. W. T. Leach, D.C.L, 72 THE UNIVERSITIES. ^rofes«ors. Faculty of Law¬ son. T. C. Aylwin, D.C.L., Professor of Public and Criminal Law. J. J. C. Abbott, B.C.L., Professor of Commercial Law. Frederick W. Torrance, M.A., Professor of Civil Law. P. R. Lefrenaye, B.C.L., Professor of Jurisprudence and Legal Bibliography. R. G. Laflarome, B.C.L., Professor of Customary Law and the Law of Real Estate. Faculty of Medicine. Andrew F. Holmes, M.D., Professor of the Theory and Practice of Medicine. George W. Campbell, M.D., Professor of the Principles and Practice of Surgery. Archibald Hall, M.D., Professor of Midwifery and the Diseases of Women and Children. William Fraser, M.D., Professor of the Institutes of Medicine. William Sutherland, M.D., Professor of Chemistry. William E. Scott, M.D,, Professor of Anatomy. William Wright, M.D., Professor of Materia Medica and Pharmacy. Robert P. Howard, M.D., Professor of Clinical Medicine and Medical Jurisprudence. D. C. McCallura, M.D., Professor of Clinical Surgery. R. Craik, M.D., Demonstrator of Anatomy and Curator of the Museum. Faculty of Arts. Rev, W. T. Leach, D.C.L., Professor of Logic and Moral Philosophy. Rev. Benjamin Davies, LL.D., Professor of Classical Literature. Henry Aspinwall Howe, M.A., Professor of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy. Rev. A. De Sola, Professor of Hebrew and Oriental Literature. John W. Dawson, M.A., F.G.S., Professor of Natural History and Agri¬ culture. Charles F. A. Markgraf, Professor of German Language and Literature. Leon G. Fronteau, IB.A., Professor of French Language and Literature. Charles Smallwood, LL.D., Professor of Meteorology. Edwin Gould, B.A., Tutor in History and English Literature. Mark J. Hamilton, Lecturer on Engineering. .Scfjool ISrpartment. Professor H. A. Howe, M.A., Rector. T. A. Gibson, M.A., First Assistant Master. David Rodger, Second Assistant Master. W. Bowman, Third Assistant Master. J. D. Borthwick, Fourth Assistant Master. MC'GILL COLLEGE. *73 James Kemp, Fifth Assistant Master. Professor Charles F. A. Markgarf, German Master. Professor Leon G. Fronteau, B.A., French Master. James Duncan, Drawing Master. John Follenus, Music Master. 33ursar’s department. William Craig Baines, B.A., Secretary, Registrar, and Bursar, ©ratjuates. Abbott, C.C., B.C.L. 1850. Abbott, J. J. C., B.C.L. 1854. Adamson,Rev.W.A.,D C.L./ton.l850. Arnoldi, D., M.D. hon. - Ault, C., M.D. 1855. Ault, J. F., M.D. 1866. Aylen, P., B.A. 1850 ; B.C.L 1854. Badgley, F. H., B C.L. 1852. Badgley, Hon. W., D.C.L. Ao/i.l843. Baker, A., M.D. 1848. Bancroft, Rev. C., M.A. hon. 1855. Barnston, J., M.D., of Edinb., ad eun. 1856. Barnston, J, G., B.C.L. 1856. Bergin, D., M.D. 1847. Bethune, Rev. J., D.D. 1843. Bibaud, J. G., M.D. 1843. Blackloek, J. J., M.D. 1851. Bockus, C. E., B.A 1852. Boulter, G. H, M.D. 1852. Boyer, L.. M.D. 1842. Breslin, W. I., M.D. 1847. Brigham, J. S., M.D. 1848. Bristol, A. S., M.D 1850- Brooks, S. T., M.D. 1851. Brouse, W. H., M.D. 184^ Browne, T., B.A. 1853. Bruneau, A., M.D. 1853. Bruneau, 0 , M.D. 1851. Bucke, E. H, M.D. 1852. Burns, A. J., M.D. 1854. Butler, Rev. J., M.A. hon. 1852. Buxton, J. K, M.D. 1849. Carson, A , M.D 1843. Casgrain, C. E., M.D. 1851. Challinor, F., M.D. 1849. Chamberlin, B., B.C.L. 1850. Christie, T., M.D. 1848. Church, C. H., M.D. 1855. Church, P. H., M.D. 1846. Cook, H. L., M.D. 1854. Corbett, A. M., M.D. 1854. Corbett, W. H., M.D. 1854. Craik, R., M.D. 1854. Culver, J. R., M.D. 1848. Dansereau, C., M.D. 1842. Dansereau, P., M.D. 1836. Davies, Rev. B., LL.D. hon. 1856. Dease, P. W., M.D. 1847. DeBoucherville, C. B., M.D. 1843. DeCelles, C. D., M.D. 1841. Demurest, B. G. G., M.D. 1852. Dick, J. R., M.D. 1842. Dickenson, J. J., M.D. 1846. Dorion, S., M.D. 1843. Dorland, E. P., M.D. 1850. Douglas, J., M.D. hon. -, Duckett, S., M.D. 1853. Dunn, W. 0., M.D. 1843. Dupuis, J. G. B., M.D. 1856. Easton, J., M.D. 1852. Edwards, E. G., M.D. 1865. Falloon, Rev. D., D.D. hon. 1844. Fenwick, G. E., M.D. 1847. Finlayson, J., M.D. 1834. Fisher, J., M.D. 1847. Fortin, P., M.D. 1845. Foster, S. S , M.D. 1846, Fraser, W., M.D. 1836. Gairdner, W. F., B.C.L. 1856. Garvey, J., M.D. 1852. Gauvreau, E., M.D. 1856. Gauvreau, L. H., M.D. 1836. Gibb, a D., M.D. 1846; M.A, hon. 1865, Gibson, J. B., M.D. 1855. Gibson, T. A., M.A. hon. 1865. Godfrey, R., M.D. 1844. Gould, E., B.A. 1856. Grant, J A., M.D. 1854. Hall, J. W., M.D. 1848. Hamel. J. H., M.D. 1856. Hart, F. W., M.D. 1835. Hemming, E. J., B.C L. 1855. 74 THE UNIVERSITIES. Henderson, P., M.D. 1848. Henry, W., M.D. hon. -. Henry, W. J., M.D. 1856. Hingstou. W. H., M.D. 1851. Holden, R., M.D. 1844. Howard, R. R, M.D. 1848. Howe, H. A., M.A. hon. 1855. Jackson, A. T., M.D. 1846. Jones, W. J., M D. 1856. Kelly, W., M.D. 1846, Kershaw, P. Gr., B.A., 1856. Kirkpatrick, A.. M.D. 1856. Kollinger, A. H., M.D. 1856. Laberge, E., M.D, 1856. Laflamme, R. G., B C.L. hon. 1856. Lafrenaye, P. R., B.O.L. hon. 1856. Lambe, W. B., B.O.L. 1850. Laroeque, A. B., M.D. 1847. Leach, Rev.W. T., D.G.i.. /ioH.1849. Leclere, G., M.D. 1851. Lee, J. 0., M.D. 1856. Lee, J. R., M.D. 1848. Lenioine, C., M.D. 1850. Lepailleur, L., M.D. 1848, Leprohon, J. L, M.D. 1843. Logan, D, D., M.D. 1842. Logan, Sir W. E., Knt., LL D. hon. 1856. Logie, W., M.D. 1833. Long, A., M.D. 1844. Longue, P. F., M.D. 1848. Loupret, A., M.D, 1850. Loverin, K., M.D. 1855. Lundy, Rev, F. J., D.O.L. hon. 1843. Macdonald, C., M.D. 1853. MacGill, W„ M.D, 1848. Mackay, W., M.D. 1854. Malhiot, A., M.D. 1846. Marr, I. P., M.D. 1849. Mayrand, W,, M.D. 1847. MeCallum, D., M.D. 1850. McDarmid, J. D., M.D. 1847. McDonald, R., M.D. 1834. McDonell, A., M.D. 1852. McDonell, M., M.D. 1849. McDougall, P A., M.D. 1847. McGrath, T., M.D. 1849. McLaren, J. R., B.A. 1856. MeMieking, G., M.D. 1851. MeMurray, S„ M.D. 1841. McNaughton, E, P., M,D. 1834. Meredith, T. L. B., M.D. 1842. Molson, A., BC.L. 1851. Morin, J., M.D. hon. -. Morris, A., B.A. 1849; M.A. 1852; B.O.L. 1850. Moore, J., M.D. 1852. Moore, R., M D. 1853. Mount, J. W., M.D. 1851. Nelles, J. A., M.D. 1850. Kelson, W., M.D. hon. -. O’Callaghan, C. H., M.D. 1854. O’Carr, P., M.D. 1850. Odell, W., M.D. 1849. Painehaud, E. S. L., M D. 1848. Paquin, J. M., M D. 1843. Paradis, H., M.D, 1846. Patterson, J., M D. 1855. Perrault, V., M.D. 1852. Pettit, Rev. C. B.. B.A 1850. Phelan, J. R, M.D. 1854. Phillip.s, C. W., B.A. 1852. Pinet, A , M.D. 1847. Powell, N. W., M.D. 1852. Pringle, G., M.D. 1855. Proulx, P., M.D. 1844. Quesnel, J. .M., M.D. 1849. Rae, J., M.D., hon. -. Raymond, 0., M.D 1842, Reynolds, R T., M.D 1836. Reynolds, T., M.D. 1842. Ridley, H. T., M.D. 1852. Riutoul, D. M., M.D. 1854. Ruttan, A , M.D. 1852. ' Sabourin M., M.D. 1849, Sampson, J., M D., hon. -, Sanderson, G. W., M D. 1850. Savage, T. Y., M.D 1854. Schmidt, S. B , M,D 1847, Scott, S. A., M.D. 1854. Scott, W. E., M.D. 1844. Scriven, G. A., M.D. 1846. Sequin, A., M.D. 1848. Shaver, P. R., M.D. 1854. Simard, A., M.D. 1852. Simpson, T., M.D. 1854. Smallwood, C., LL.D. hon. 1856. Smythe, T. W., M.D. 1848. Snowdon, H. L., B C.L. 1856. Sparham, E. B., M.D. 1852. Sparham, T., Ai.D. 1841. Staunton, A. A., M.D. 1846. Stehelm, G. F., B.A. 1852. Stephens, R. II., BC L. 1856. Stephenson J. L., M.D. 1855. Ste))heusou, J. McG., M.D 1856. St.Real,tL)n.J.R.y.,D.C. L. /ion.1844. Sutherland, W., M D, 1 »'/6. mc‘gill college. 76 Thompson, R., M.D. 1852. Thomson, J., M.D., 1842. n'ori-ance. F. W., BC.L hon, 1856. ^Vudel, E., M.D. 1844. Tuzo, H. A., M.D. 1853. Vfinnorman, J M, M.D. 1850. Warner, W. H., M D, 1844. Walker, R., M.D. 1851. Weilbrenner, R, C., M.D. 1851. Weir, R , M.D. 1852. Whitcomb, J. G., M.D. 1848. Widmer, Hon, C., M.D., Iton. Willson, R. M., M.D, 1860. Wilscam, J. W., M.D. 1846. Workman, B, M.D. 1853. Workman, J., M.D, 1835. Wood, G C., M D. 1849. Wright, W., M.D. 1848. jFaruIta of Sits. The degrees conferred in this Faculty are B.A. and M.A. There are two modes of proceeding to the degree of B.A. According to one the i-equisites are: 1. Having passed an examinati(m in the subjects pre.scribed for candidates for admission; 2. Being of the standing (4‘ three years from Matriculation; 3. Having attended the lec¬ tures, and passed an examination in each of these years in the subjects prescribed for each such year. According to the other mode—designed for those who enter from the first class of the High School, or similar institutions—the requisites are: 1. Having passed a .Matriculation Examination in the subjects prescribed for the second year of the regular undergraduate course: 2. Being of the standing of three years from Matriculation; 3. Having attended the lec¬ tures, and passed an examination in each of these years in the subjects prescribed for each such year. The requisites for the degree of M.A. are: 1. Being of the standing of three years from "admission to the degree of B.A.; 2. Having passed the examination, and performed the e.xercises prescribed for candidates for the degree of M.A. The following are the subjects for Matriculation in this Faculty:— Greek and Latin Languages. Xenophon. Anabasis, B. I, Greek Grammar. Latin Grammar. Caesar, de Bello Gallico. Sallust, Catiline, and .lugurtha. Virgil, JEneid, B. I. Mathematics. Arithmetic. I Algebra, to Quadratic Equations. Euclid, Bb. I. II- and III. English. Writing English from dictation. N.B.—The amount of knowledge, rather than the particular author studied, will be regarded in this examination. Candidates for Matriculation are required to present themselves to the Dean of the Faculty, on the three days preceding the 10th September. Sixteen Scholarships, entitling the holders to exemption from the tuition fees, are placed by the Governors at the disposal of His Excel¬ lency the Governor General. Applications must be addressed to His Excellency through the Provincial Secretary. Previously to being 76 THE UNITERSITIES. matriculated, those presented to the said Scholarships will be examined as to their fitness to enter upon the Collegiate course of studies. Eight other Scholarships, of equal value, are granted by the Gover¬ nors, from time to time, to the most successful of those students who present themselves as candidates. There is but one session of eight months in each year, commencing on the 10th September, and ending on the 1st May following. Examinations are held during the eight days preceding the close of the session, after which Honors are awarded to those students who exhibit the greatest general proficiency in all the subjects of the session, and prizes to those who distinguish themselves in the studies of a particular class. Students may enter themselves for special courses in Agriculture, Com¬ merce, and Civil Engineering, on examination in the subjects above stated for the general course, with the exception of classics; and will be entitled, after satisfactory examination at the close of the course, to diplomas. Fees. —Matriculation, £1, to be paid on entering the College ; For all the lectures of each session, £5; For a special course of lectures, as an occasional student, £1 5s.; For a course in Civil Engineering, £2 10s. JFafuItg of i®ctjicinf. The degree conferred in this Faculty is M.D. The requisites are:— 1. Having completed the twenty-first year of his age; 2. Having pur¬ sued Medical studies in this University, or such other as mny be approved, for the period of at least four years; and having regularly attended lec¬ tures in the following branches of Medical education for the periods here set forth;— Anatomy. Chemistry. Theory and Practice of Medicine ... Principles and Practice of Surgery . Midwifery and Diseases of Women and Children. Materia Medica and Pharmacy. Practical Anatomy. Institutes of Medicine. Clinical Medicine ... Clinical Surgery. Medical Jurisprudence. 2 courses of six months each, do do do do do do do do do do do do do do 2 courses of three months each. do do '1 course of three months, if five ) lectures a week; or, 1 course of six months, if three lectures a week. Provided, however, that testimonials equivalent to, though not precisely the same as those above stated, may be presented and accepted. But no one shall be permitted to become a candidate for examina¬ tion who shall not have attended at least one session of this University; and, during that session, at least four six months’ classes, or three six months’ and two three month.s’ classes. 3. Having attended, for at least twelve months, the practice of the Montreal General Hospital, or some other Hospital approved of by this University. 4. Every candidate for the Degree must, on or before the first day of March, present to the Dean of the Medical Faculty, testimonials of his mc‘gill college. 77 qualifications entitling him to an examination, and also a Thesis, or in¬ augural dissertation, written by himself, on some subject connected with Medical or Surgical science, either in the Latin, English, or French language; and also present a certificate that he is not under articles as a pupil or apprentice to any physician, surgeon, er apothecary. 5. The trials to be undergone by the candidate are : 1st. An examination into his Classical attainments, as preliminary to the Medical examinations. N.B.—Students are recommended to undergo this examination when they first begin their attendance at the College. 2nd. The private examination of his Thesis, as eridence both of Medical and general acquirement, followed, if approved, by its public defence ; and, 3rd. A general examination on all the branches of Medical and Surgical science. This examination is divided into primary aiid final—the former com¬ prehending the branches of Anatomy, Chemistry, Materia Medica, and Institutes of Medicine ; the latter, those of Practice of Medicine, Surgery, Midwifery, and Medical Jurisprudence. N.B.—It will be optional with the student to present himself for the primary examination at the end of his third session. The sessions of the Medical Faculty commence on the first Monday in November of each year, and continue until the end of April in the follow¬ ing year. Candidates for admission are required to enroll themselves at the com¬ mencement of each session, as the Register of Medical Students is closed on the 23rd December of each year. Ffits.—Matriculation, 10s.; For the lectures of each class, £3 per session—except Medical Jurisprudence, £2 10s., and Clinical Medicine and Surgery, £1 10s. each per session ; For Degree of M.D., £5, and 5s. to Registrar of Faculty. JTantlta af ILain. The degrees conferred in this Faculty are B.C.L. and D.C.L.(a) There are two modes of proceeding to the degree of B.C.L. According to one, the requisites are : 1. Having passed the Matricula¬ tion examination ; 2. Being of the standing of three years from Matricu¬ lation in Law ; 3. Having attended the lectures and passed the examina¬ tions ill this University during each of these years. According to the other mode, the requisites are: 1. Having passed the Matriculation examination ; 2. Being of the standing of two years from Matriculation in Law ; 3. Being in the fourth year of his indentures', 4. Having attended lectures for two years, and passed an examination in the subjects comprised in the three years’ course in this University. The sessions of the Law Faculty commence on the first Monday in November of each year, and continue until the end of April in the follow¬ ing year. Fees. —Matriculation, 10s., payable only by students who have not previously matriculated in any Faculty ; For all the lectures of each session, £3 10s.; For any one series of lectures, as an occasional student £1 5s.; For Degree, including diploma, £l 5s. (a> The Honorary Degree now conferred in thi.s Faculty it LrL.D. 78 THE UNIVERSITIES. £aDal IJmoersxt^, QUEBEC.Ca) In 1663, the first Roman Catholic Bishop of Canada, Fran 9 ois de Mont- morency-Laval, founded and endowed, with his own patrimony, an insti* tution, which was called the Quebec Seminary. The primary object of this institution was the education of boys who felt an inclination for the priesthood, and such it continued until 1759. After the conquest of this country by the English, a College, which the Jesuits had held at Quebec since 1645, having been suppressed, the Directors of this Seminary, in order to meet the wants and wishes of those boys who were not intended for the priesthood, admitted into their classes all those whose good conduct and talents entitled them to such favor. By this change, the Seminary became a regular College, and had, by successive additions, acquired a high degree of importance, when it was erected, by Her Majesty’s Royal Charter, into a University, under the style and name of The Laval University. By this charter, which bears date December 8th, 1852, no change was effected in tlie constitution of the Seminary itself; but a Council, composed of the Dii'ectors of the institution, and the three senior Professors of the several Faculties, was empowered to possess and enjoy all the privileges granted to the Universities of the United Kingdom, and especially that of conferring degrees in the Faculties of Divinity, Law, Medicine, and Arts. His Grace the Roman Catholic A.rchbishop of Quebec is, by virtue of his office. Visitor of the University. The Superior of the Seminary, for the time being, holds the office of Rector. Since the granting of the charter unceasing efforts have been employed to secure its complete execution. In 1853, five Professors of the Faculty of Medicine were appointed, and one of them was sent to England, France, and Belgium, to purchase a medical library and museum, with a fine collec¬ tion of surgical instruments. During the following year, the University acquired a great number of books for the Faculty of Law, and a collection for the study of Materia Medica. The expense incurred by these objects was about £3000. At length, in September, 1854, the Faculties of Law and Medicine opened their courses, after a solemn inauguration, in which Lord Elgin took part, on the 21st of that month. At the same time, several buildings were commenced for the use of the University, of which a part only is finished, but, when completed, will have involved an outlay exceeding £50,000. (a) The following extract of a letter from the Very Rev. Rector Casault, is characteristic of the courteous spirit in which information regarding this University was furnished: “ Mes rcnscignements sont peut-6tre trop abondants, mais j’ai preffcrfe cet inconvenient i celui de vous laisser quelque chose 4 desirer pSr rapport 4 notre fetablissement,” LAVAL UNIVERSITY. 79 Of the four Faculties, two (viz., those of Law and Medicine) have been almost completely organized. Those of Divinity and Arts are now con¬ templated, and will soon be in operation. The course of instruction is in¬ tended to occupy four years, except in the Faculty of Arts, which is limited to tliree years. In the Faculty of Divinity, dogmatic and moral theology. Holy Scriptures, sacred eloquence, ecclesiastical history, and canon law are to be taught. History, literature, eloquence, moral, intellec¬ tual, and natural philosophy, mathematics, (fee, will form the subjects of the lectures in the Faculty of Arts. The list of the Professors of the Faculties of Law and Medicine shows what branches are already taught in these Faculties. Maritime Law and Notarial Practice will soon be added to the course of lectures in the Faculty of Law ; and Comparative Anato¬ my in the Faculty of Medicine. The Library of the University contains 18,000 volumes, of which, 1,200 are in the Law depai'tment, and 2,000 in that of Medicine. Besides the museum and collections already mentioned, the Institution possesses philo¬ sophical apparatus M’hich have cost £2,500, a good collection of minerals, and a well fitted chemical laboratory. Terms. —The academical year is divided into three terms : the first be¬ gins on the second Tuesday of September, and ends on Christmas eve ; the second begins on the day after Epiphany, and ends on the Wednesday pre¬ ceding Easter; the third begins on the second Monday after Easter, and ends on the second Tuesday of July. After each term the students are required to pass an cxaminalion upon all the matters taught during the terra. Ftsitor. 1852. His Grace the Most Rev. Pierre Flavien Turgeon, Archbishop of Quebec. luff tor. 1852. Very Rev. Louis Jacques Casault, D.D., Superior of the Quebec Seminary. Council. 1855. Hon. William Badgley, LL.D,, Professor of the Faculty of Law. 1855. Rev. Felix Buteau, Director of the Quebec Seminary. 1854. Jacques Cremazie, LL.D., Professor of the Faculty of Law. 1855. Rev. Jean Baptiste Antoine Ferland, Professorof the Faculty of Arts. 1853. Charles Fremont, M.D., Professor of the Faculty of Medicine. 1852. Rev. Michael Forgues, Director of the Quebec Seminary. 1852. Rev. Louis Gingras, Director of the Quebec Seminary. 1852. Rev. Leon Gingras, D.D., Director of the Quebec Seminary. 1856. Thomas Sterry Hunt, Dr in Scien., Professor of the Faculty of Arts. 80 THE UNIVERSITIES. 1856. Rev. Edouard Michel Methot, Director of the Quebec Seminary. 1854. Hon. Augustin Norbert Morin, LL.D., Professor of the Faculty of Lavr. 1856. Jean Zephirin Nault, M.D., Professor of the Faculty of Medicine. 1853. James Arthur Sewell, M.D., Professor of the Faculty of Medicine. 1854. Rev. Elzear Alexandre Taschereau, D.Cn.L., Director of the Quebec Seminary. SecKtarg. Uibrarfan. 1856. Rev. E. A. Taschereau, D.Cn.L. | 1856. Rev. Louis Gingras. Iprofessors. Faculty qf Divinity. This Faculty has not yet been organized. It will be composed of five Professors. Faculty of Law. 1854. Hon. A. N. Morin, LL.D., Dean of the Faculty, Professor of Natural Law and the Right of Nations. 1854. Jacques Cremazie, LL.D., Professor of Civil Law. 1855. Hon. William Badgley, LL.D., Professor of Criminal Law. 1855. Jean Thomas Taschereau, LL.D., Professor of Commercial Law. 1855. Joseph Ulric Tessier, LL.D., Professor of Law Procedure Practice. 1855. Auguste Eugene Aubry, LL.D., Professor of Roman Law. 1855. Nicolas Trudelle, Apparitor. Faculty of Medicine. 1853. C. Fremont, M.D., Dean of the Faculty, and Professor of Surgery. 1853. J. A. Sewell, M.D., Professor of Medicine. 1853. J. Z. Nault, M D., Professor of Materia Medica. 1853. Jean Etienne Landry, M.D., Professor of Anatomy. 1854. Adolphe Jackson, M.D„ Professor of Midwifery and Diseases of Women and Children. 1855. Charles Eusebe Lemieux, Lecturer on Institutes of Medicine and Physiology. 185Y. Hubert Larue, L.M., Lecturer on Medical Jurisprudence and Hygiene. 1857. Jean Blanchet, M.D., M.R.C.S. Eng., Honorary Professor. 1854. J. E. Landry, Director of the Museum. 1854. Edouard Bilodeau, Apparitor. Faculty of Arts, This Faculty, when completely organized, will be composed of eleven Professors. Two only have as yet been appointed. 1854. Rev. J. B. A. Ferland, Professor of Canadian and American History. 1854. T. Sterry Hunt, Dr. in Scien., Knt. Legion d'hoiineur, Memb. French Geo. Soc. and Am. Soc. Arts and Scien., Professor of Chemistry.. LAVAL UNIVERSITY. 81 ffiratiuate^. Alleyn', R., LL,B. 1866. Audet, P., B.A. 1856. Badgley, Hon. W.,’ LL.D. lion, 1856. Blanchet, J., M.D. lion. 1854. Chandonnet, T., B.A. 1865. Cremazie, J., LL D. lion. 1854. Dallaire, C. E., LL.B. 1856. Dormer, G., B.A. 1856. Fremont, C., M.D. hon. 1854. Gorven, H., LL.B. 1856. Jackson, A., M.D. lion. 1854. Landry, J. E., M.D. hon, 1864. Larue, H., Licen.M. 1855. Lavoie, N., M.B. 1866. Lecours, H., B.A. 1856. Matte, D., B.A. 1856. Morin, Hon. A H., LL.D. hon. 1854. Morisset, C., B.A. 1856. Murray, H. G., B.A. 1856. Nault, J. Z., M.D. hon. 1854. O’Brien, Rev. J., B.A. 1855. Paquet, B., B.A. 1854. Roussel, P., B.A. 1854. Sewell, J. A., M.D. hon. 1854. Tascliereau, J. T., LL D. hon. 1856. TessLer, J. U., LL.D., hon. 1856. Bacon, J. L., 1854. Beaudoin, P., 1856. Bosse, J.G., 1866. Casgrain, A., 1856. Golfer, G. W., 1856. Dallaire, C. E., 1854. De la Bru^re, P.B., 1856. De Lage, J. B., 1857. Delveceliio, —, 1856. Desbarats, G., 1855. Desjardins, E., 1856. Douglas, M., 1857. Duchesnay, T., 1856. Duggan, J. B., 1856. Jantjcrgratiuatcs. Fitzpatrick, J. E., 1856. Fleury, —, 1857. Foisy, L., 1856. Fraser, A., 1854. Frenette, F. X., 1856. Gariesry, R., 1856. Garneau, J. F. A., 1857. Gauthier, F., 1866. Gauvreau, F., 1857. Goulet, B., 1865. Guilbault, L., 1857. Langlais, F., 1856. Leamy, A., 1856. I Michaud, A., 1856. Miller, —, 1865. Morin, C.. 1857. Morriset, C., 1856. Murray, H. G., 1856. O’Brien, F., 1866. Pelletier, 0., 1856. Pelletier, P., 1856. Petry, A. H., 1854. Plomondon, J. B., 1855. Pouliot, F., 1855. Prior, B., 1857. Robitaille, T.. 1854. Thiberge, J., 1856. Turcot, M., 1854. ilHatrtculattcin anti ©cgrrcs. The Degrees conferred in the Faculty of Arts are B.A. and M.A. The requisites for the Degree of B.A. are as follows: 1. Every candidate for Bachelorship or Matriculation shall undergo two examinations. The first after his course of rhetoric; the second after hav¬ ing terminated his course of philosophy. The first examination shall be as follows: Translation of Latin and Greek Authors, Latin Prose or Verse, Universal History and Geography, History of Canada, The History and Principles of Literature and Rhetoric, French or English Composition, at the option of the Candidate. The second examination shall be as follows: A Dissertation on Logic; Dissertation on some point of Metaphysics, either general or particular; an Essay on some point of Ethics; Questions on Physics and Chemistry; Pro¬ blems and Questions on Mathematics and Astronomy; Questions on Xatural History. (The questions on the sciences will not suppose anything more than an elementary knowledge. In arithmetic, algebra, geometry, plane trig¬ onometry, it will suffice that the candidate possess such a knowledge of them as comports with the present system of teaching these branches of science in colleges.) F 82 THE UNIVERSITIES. 2. Those candidates who in both the examinations shall have been placed in the first class, shall obtain the degree of B.A. Those belonging to the second class may attend the courses of the University, but they shall not be admitted to a higher degree in the different Faculties than that of Bachelor, until they have obtained the degree of B.A. Those belonging to the third class will obtain no privilege ; it will be however allowed them to present themselves anew for examination.(a) The requisite for the degree of M.A. is a successful attendance on the obligatory courses of Lectures in the Faculty during three years. In the Faculties of Law and Medicine, the degree of Bachelor is obtained only after having satisfactory passed six examinations at the end of the same number of terms. Licence in these Faculties, and in Divinity, requires four years of successful attendance on all the courses, and written and oral examinations. In order to obtain the degree of B D., it is necessary to pass written and oral examinations upon the several branches taught in the G-rand Seminary. Ho one is admitted to the degree of Doctor in any of the four Faculties unless he has publicly and successfully advocated numerous Theses upon most of the branches of the respective Faculties. The candidates are al¬ lowed to pass this examination, four, three, or two years after having ob¬ tained the degree of Licenciate, according to the testimonial which they received at their examination for the License, viz.: satisfactory; with dis¬ tinction ; or with the greatest distinction. Students in Law and Medicine, whose parents are not inhabitants of Quebec, are required to reside in the University boarding house. Two rooms for the use of each student are furnished by the Institution, so that they have to provide only their clothes and useful books. Fees. —Lectures: Faculty of Law, £6; Faculty of Medicine, £12. Board for the terms, (Christmas and Easter included,) £32 10s. Board during summer vacation, £6 10s.; or 3s. per day for a part of the vacation. COLLEGIATE DEPARTMENT. This department is the Seminary as it was till 1852, and is under the control of a board composed of a Superior and at least four Directors. It is divided into two parts called the Grand and the Minor Seminary. The Grand Seminary comprises the classes of Dogmatic and Moral The¬ ology, Holy Scripture, Ecclesiastical History, and other branches necessary for the discharge of the clerical functions. The course of studies embraces three years at least. Ho one is admitted to it unless he has followed a complete course of Philosophy and Litera¬ ture. The students are all boarders and wear the clerical costume. They pay £20 cy. for board, but the instruction is gratuitous. A library of 1,700 books is at their disposal. The Minor Seminary comprises nine classes, of which two are in the course of Philosophy, and seven in that of Literature. In order to be admitted as a student into the Minor Seminary, it is neces¬ sary to read the maternal tongue (French or English) very correctly, write pretty well, and have some knowledge of the grammar. (a) The standards are; First Class, those who obtain two-thirds of the total number of marks ; Second Class, those who obtain more than one-third; and Third Class, those who obtain less than one-third. QUEBEC SEMINARY. 83 About thirty gratuities have been founded at different periods and by different persons, for the students of the Minor Seminary. About a third of these gratuities are limited to the members of certain families. A library of about 2,500 volumes is at the disposal of all the students for five shillings per annum. Fees. —Boarders, £20 per annum ; Day Pupils, £2 10s. The actual number of the students in the Minor Seminary is 366, of whom 182 are boarders. ©.uefiec ^emmarg. Superior. 1851. Yery Rev. Louis Jacques Casault, D.D. Directors. 1883. Rev. Leon Gingras, D.D. 1834. Rev. Louis Gingras. 1849. Rev. Michel Forgues. 1849. Rev. E. A. Taschereau, D.Cn.L. 1855. Rev. Felix Buteau. 1856. Rev. Edouard Michel Methot. Aggregate Members. 1855. Rev. Charles H. Laverdiere. ] 1857. Rev. Octave Audet. Auxiliary Members. 1827. Rev. Jean Fran 9 ois Baillairge. 1855. Rev Adolphe L^are. 1856. Rev. Leandre Gill. 1856. Rev. Ulderic Rousseau. 1853. Rev. Thomas Etienne Hamel. ®ranti ^crntnarg. Rev. L. Gingras, D.D., Director. Very Rev. L. J. Casault, D.D.; and Rev. E. A. Taschereau, D.Cn.L., Professors of Moral Theology. Rev. Leon Gingras, D.D., Professor of Dogmatic Theology. Rev. L. Gill, Professor of Holy Scripture. JHtrtor ^cminarg. Rev, E. A. Taschereau, D.Cn.L., Director. Rev. E. M. Methot, Prefect of Studies. Rev. F. Buteau, Professor of Natural Philosophy and Natural His¬ tory. Rev. Octave Audet, Professor of Moral and Intellectual Philosophy and Astronomy. Rev. A. Legare, Professor of Mathematics. Rev. E. M. Methot, Professor of Rhetoric. Rev. C. H. Laverdiere, Second Class. Th. A. Chandonnet, B.A., Third Class. Rev. D. Gonthier, Fourth Class. P. Roussel, B.A., Fifth Class. P. C. Audet, B.A., and D. Dion, Sixth Class. Rev. F. Laliberte, and P. Thivierge, Seventh Class. W. Paxman, and Busher, Professors of the English Language. William Ross, and Lavigueur, Professors of Music. Revs. A. Legare, U. Rousseau, D. Gon¬ thier; and J. Rioux, T. A. Chandonnet, N. Francoeur, P. C. Audet, and D. Dion, Masters of the Boarders. 84 THE UNIVERSITIES. HnitJetsUn of jBisljop’s (College, LENNOXVILLE. This University had its origin in the pressing want of a Theological School for educating candidates for the Ministry of the United Church of England and Ireland, in Lower Canada. But it having appeared that to educate them thoroughly there was need of a large amount of means, it was determined to push the effort a little further, and to erect and endow a place of general education. Accordingly, in 1843, measures were adopted and an Act of incorporation obtained Viet, c.49), (a) for carrying these objects into effect; and in September, 1846, the College was opened in tem¬ porary buildings obtained for that purpose until the completion of its own— to which it was transferred in October of the following year. In 1853 the College became a University by a Royal Charter and was empowered to confer degrees “ in the several Arts, and the Faculties of Divinity, Law and Medicine;” and held its first public meeting of Convocation for that pur¬ pose on the 7th October 1854. By the Charter, it is provided that “ the Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor, Principal and Professors of the said College, and all persons admitted there¬ in to the degree of Master of Arts, or to any degree in Divinity, Law or Medicine, who shall pay the sum of twenty shillings a year towards the support of the College, shall be members of the Convocation of the said University, and as such shall possess all the powers and privileges in regard to conferring degrees, and other matters as are provided by the regulations of said College.” These powers are—to elect the Chancellor and Vice- Chancellor; confer all degrees, and prescribe the subjects and standard of examination therefor; appoint, on recommendation of the College Council, examiners (who shall be M.A.s) to act with the professors of the Col¬ lege, so that each subject shall come under the notice of at least two examiners; and to do such other acts as are consistent with the law, the charter, and the regulations of the College. The religious tests and exercises prescribed by the regulations, are that all members of the College shall attend Morning and Evening service each week day in the College Chapel, and on Sunday in St. George’s Church, Lennoxville; but such students as are not members of the Church of Eng¬ land are not required to attend this latter service, but the service of the church to which their parents or guardians belong. There is no test specified as necessary on taking a degree. The endowment of the University is derived from private sources, and donations from the Societies for Promoting Christian Knowledge, and for (a) On the appointment of the Bishop of Montreal, this Act was amended by the 16 Victoria, cap, 60. bishop’s college. 86 Propagating the Gospel in Foreign Parts. It has also an annual Parliament¬ ary Grant. There are two “Jubilee scholarships” of the value of £35 per annum, tenable for three years each.(a) The total number of students admitted since 1845, is 71;—number now in residence 15, preparing to graduate in Arts, 12. The expense of residence to students for the academic year (40 weeks) is from £40 to £45. UNIVERSITY OFFICERS. Uisitoxe. 1853. Right Rev. G. J. Mountain, D.D., D.C.L., LorJ Bishop of Quebec. 1863. Right Rev. Francis Fulford, D.D., Lord Bishop of Montreal. (Cf)ancdlor. 1866. Hon. Edward Bowen, D.C.L., Chief Justice of the Superior Court for Lower Canada. ITtce^dfiancenor, 1854. Hon. John S. McCord, D.C.L. Begtstrar. E. Chapman, M.A. COLLEGIATE OFFICERS. IPvtnctpal. 1845. Rev. J. H. Nicolls, D.D., Michel Fellow of Queen’s Coll. Oxon. ITtcf'Prtnctpal. 1846. Henry Miles, M.A., King’s Coll., Aberdeen. l^rofcssors. Rev. J. H. Kicolls, D.D., Queen’s Coll. Oxon., Professor of Classics. Henry Miles, M.A., King’s Coll. Aberdeen, Professor of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy. Rev. Joseph Henry Thompson, M.A., Queen’s Coll. Cantab., Harrold Professor of Divinity. ISursar. | ILtbrarian. 1845. Rev. L. Doolittle, M.A. j Rev. J. H. Thompson, M.A. (Corporation of 23t3f)op’js College. Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of Quebec, President. Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of Montreal, Vice-President. (a) The diocese of Quebec sent home 500L sterling to the Jubilee of the Society for Propagating^the Gospel in Foreign Parts: the donation was returned by the Society, doubled, and was invested for the scholarships. 86 THE UNIVERSITIES. Hon. E. Hale, M.A., Chairman. Hon. H. Smith. Hon. J. S. McCord, D.C.L. G. F. Bowen, M.A. W. Baker, M.A. Trustees. B. T. Morris, M.A. Rev. 0. P. Reid, M.A. Rev. L. Doolittle, M.A. Rev. R. Lindsay, M.A. Rev. W. Bond, M.A. College Council. Rev. J. H. Nicolls, D.D. j E. Chapman, M.A. Henry Miles, M.A. 1 Rev. J. H. Thompson, M.A. Officers of the Corporation. E. Chapman, M.A., Secretary & Auditor. E. L. Montizambert, M.A., Honorary Counsel. Rev. L. Doolittle, M.A., and B. T. Morris, M.A., Attorneys. ©raUuatfS. The degrees given within brackets, indicate those who are also Graduates of other Universities. Adamson, Rev. W. A., D.C.L. {hon.) of McGill Coll., ad eun. 1855. Allen, Rev. A. A., B.A. 1855. Andrews, A. [M.D. Edinb.] M.A. hon. 1855. Aylwin, Hon. T. C., D.C.L., hon. 1855. Badgley, Hon. W., D.C.L. {hon.') of McGill Coll., ad eun. 1855. Baker, G. B., B.A. 1856. Baker, J. C., B.A. 1855 ; M.A. 1856. Baker, W., M.A., hon. 1855. Bancroft, Rev. C., M.A. of Univ. Vermont, ad eun. 1855. Bethune, Very Rev. J., D.D. of Mc¬ Gill Coll., ad eun. 1855. Binet, W. [Br. de Lettres Univ. Paris] M.A., hon. 1856. Black, Hon. H., LL.D. of Harvard Coll., ad eun. D.C.L. 1855, Bond, Rev. W., M.A. hon. 1855. Borlase, J. G., B.A. 1856. Bowen, Hon. E., D.C.L., hon. 1855. Bowen, G. F., M.A. hon. 1855. Boyle, Rev. F., M.A. hon. 1856. Braithwaite, Rev. J. [B.A. Queen’s Coll Oxon.] M.A. hon. 1855. Brethour, Rev. W., M.A. hon. 1855. Brooks, E., M.A. of Dartmouth Coll,, ad eun. 1856. Brooks, S. P., M.A. of Dartmouth Coll., ad eun. 1855. Burrage, Rev. H., MA. hon. 1856. Burrage, Rev. R. R. [of C. C. Coll. Cantab.] M.A. hon. 1856. Butler, Rev. J., M.A.(^on.) of McGill Coll., ad eun. 1855. Campbell, Rev. D., M.A. of Trin. Coll. Dub., ad eun. 1855. Carry, Rev. J., B.D. 1856. Chamberlin, B., M.A. hon. 1856. Chapman, E. [B.A. Caius Coll. Can- tab.] M.A. hon. 1855. Chapman, Rev. T. S., M. A./wn.l856. Cochrane, G. R., B.A. 1856. Constantine, Rev. L, M.A. Aon. 1866. Darey, P. T. [Br. de Lettres Univ. Paris] M.A. hon. 1856. Davidson, Rev. J,, M.A. ofKing’sColl, Fredericton, ad eun. 1856. De la Marc, Rev. F., M.A. hon. 1856. Doolittle, Rev. L., M.A. of Univ.Ver¬ mont, ad eun 1855. Douglas, G., [M.D. Heidelberg] M.A. Aon. 1855. Duvernet, Rev. E. [B.A. King’sColl. Fredericton] M.A. Aon. 1855. Ellegood, Rev. J. [B.A. King’s Coll. Fredericton] M.A. Aon. 1865. Falloon, Rev.D., D.D.(Aon.)of McGill Coll., ad eun. 1855. Felton, W. L., M.A. Aon. 1866. Forest, Rev. C., M.A. Aon. 1856. bishop’s college. 87 Freer,Ct. [B.A. Univ. Toronto] M.A. hon. 1856. Fulford, Rt. Rev. F., D.D. of Exeter Coll. Oxon. ad eun. 1855. Fulton, Rev. J., M.A. lion. 1856. Galt, A.'T.., M.A. hon. 1855. Garasby, C. H., B.A. 1855. Gilaon, Rev. S., M.A. of Magdalen Hall, Oxon. ad eun. 1855. Gribble, Rev. J., Licen. Theol., 1856. Hale, Hon. E., M.A. hon. 1855. Hellmuth, Rev. I., D.D., Archbishop of Canterbury, ad eun. 1856. Irvine, G., M.A. hon. 1855. Jenkins, Rev. J.H,, B.A. 1855. Johnstone, J. B. [M.D. Edinb.] M.A. hon. 1855. Jones, Rev. S., B.A. 1855. Judd, Rev. F. E., M.A. of Univ. Vermont, ad eun. 1855. Kemp, Rev. J., B.D. 1856. Kingston, G. T., M.A. of Caius Coll Cantab, ad eun. 1856. Lewis, Rev. R., M.A. hon. 1856. Lindsay, Rev. D., M.A. hon. 1856. Lindsay, Rev. R., M.A. hon. 1855. Lloyd, Rev. W. B., M.A. hon. 1856. Logan, Sir W. E., Knt., D.C.L. hon. 1855. Lower,Yen. H. M., M.A. of St.Peter’s Coll. Cantab, ad eun. 1856. Mackie, Rev. G., M.A. of Univ. Coll. Oxon. and D.D., Archbishop of Canterbury, ad eun. 1855. Magill, G. J., B.A. 1857. McCord, Hon. J. S., D.C.L. /ion,1855. McLeod, Rev. J. A, M.A./ion. 1856. Meredith, E. A. [LL.B. Trin. Coll. Dub.] M.A. hon. 1855. Meredith,Hon.W.C., D.C.L.^on.l855. Merrick, Rev. W. C. [B.A. Trin. Coll. Dub.] M.A. hon. 1859. Milne, Rev. G., M.A. of Mareschal Coll. Aberdeen, ad eun. 1855. Montizambert, E. L., M.A. hon. 1855. Morris, B. T., M.A. hon. 1865. Morris Rev. J. A., M.A. hon. 1856. Mountain, Rev A.W., M.A. of Univ. Coll. Oxon., ad eun. 1855. Mountain, Rt. Rev. G. J., M.A. of Trin. Coll. Cantab., and D.D., Arch¬ bishop of Canterbury, ad eun. 1855. Mountain, Rev. J. J. S. [B.A. King’s Coll.Windsor, N.S.] M.A. Aon.1855. Mussen, Rev. T. H., B.A. 1855. O’Grady, Rev. G. de C. [B.A. Trin. Coll. Dub.] M.A. hon. 1855. Pennefather, Rev. T. [B.A. Trin. Coll. Dub.] M.A. hon. 1856. Ramsay, B., M.A. hon. 1855. Ramsay, T., M.A. hon. 1855. Reid, Rev. C. P., M.A. hon. 1855. Reid, Rev. J., D.D., hon. 1855. Ritchie, T., M.A. of Dartmouth Coll., ad eun. 1855. Roberts, G. G., M.A. of King’s Coll., Fredericton, ad eun. 1855. Robertson, G., M.A. of Univ. Ver¬ mont, ad eun. 1856. Robertson, W. W., M.A. of Univ. Vermont, ad eun. 1856. Robinson, Rev. F., M.A., hon. 1856. Roe, Rev. H., B.A. 1855. Rose, J. M..4., hon. 1855. Ross, Rev. W. M., M.A. hon. 1856. Sanborn, J. S., M.A. of Dartmouth Coll., ad eun. 1855. Scott, Rev. J., M.A. of Univ. Ver¬ mont, ad eun. 1855. Sewell, S. C. [M.D. Edinb.] M.A.\ hon. 1855. Short, Hon. E., D.C.L. hon. 1855. Slack, Rev. G., M-A. hon. 1855. Smith, Hon. J., D.C.L. hon. 1855. Stephenson, Rev.R.L,,M.A. 7ion.l856. Townsend, Rev. M., M.A. of Univ. Vermont, ad eun. 1855. Wetherall, Rev. C. A., B.A. 1855. Whitwell, Rev. R., M.A. hon. 1855. Whitwell, W. P. 0., B.A. 1857. Wilson, Rev. F., M.A. hon. 1856. Worthington, E. D. [M.D. Edinb.] M.A. hon. 185'6. Young, Rev. T. A., M.A. hon. 1856. JTaciiltg of Srts. The degrees conferred in this Faculty are B.A. and M.A. The requi¬ sites for the degree of B.A. are: 1. Having passed an examination in the subjects prescribed for candi¬ dates for matriculation; 2. Being of the standing of three years (nine 88 THE UNIVERSITIES. terms) from matriculation in the University; 3. Having, in each of these years, attended the lectures and passed the examinations prescribed for each such year of the course. The ordinary College course extends over four years, and includes Classical and English Literature and Composition, History, Mathematics, Natural and Experimental Philosophy, Chemistry, Logic, Khetoric, Moral Philosophy, and Divinity. At the end of the first year, those College students who pass the prescribed matriculation examination, are entitled to become members of the University. The requisites for the degtee of M.A. are: 1. Being of the standing of three years from admission to the degree of B.A.; 2. Having performed the exercises prescribed for Candidates for the degree of M.A. The following are the subjects for Matriculation in this Faculty, and which are also the subjects for examination at the end of the first year of the College course:— Divinity. New Testament—part of Gospels. | Old Testament—the Pentatuch. Greek and Latin Languages. Xenophon, Anabasis. Homer. Euripides. Cicero, Orations and Offices. Virgil, Eclogues or JEneid. Horace, Odes. Latin and Greek Composition. Mathematics. Algebra, Part I.; Euclid, Bb. lY. V. and VI.; Plane Trigonometry. History and English. Greek History and English Composition. Candidates for Classical Honors are required to pass an examination in: Additional portions of Classical authors; some treatise or treatises of Ancient Philosophy; and some work or works of the Greek or Roman Orators. And for Mathematical Honors, in Differential and Integral CaL cuius, and one or more of the subjects prescribed in the College course. JFacuIta of ©i&tutts. The Degrees conferred in this Faculty are B.D. and D.D. The requisites for the Degree of B.D. are: 1. Being of the standing of seven years from admission to the degree of M.A., or, being Licentiates in Theology of nine years’ standing; 2. Having passed the examination, and performed the exercises prescribed for candidates for the Degree of B.D., which are: An examination in the Epistles (in the original) of the New Testament; one Latin and one Greek Treatise of one of the Fathers of the Church; Ecclesiastical History generally, and the History of the Church of Eng¬ land; one of the major Prophets, or the whole of the minor. Also, a Latin sermon, on a subject to be given out at the time of the examination. The course of lectures for Theological students extends over two years, and is prescribed by the Bishops. EEGIOPOLIS COLLEGE—CONGREGATIONAL INSTITUTE. 89 Persons admitted, by authority of the Bishops, to study in this Faculty, without graduating in Arts, may, after two years’ residence, and having passed a satisfactory examination in the subjects prescribed for the Divinity course, receive certificates as Licentiates in Theology. The requisites for the Degree of D.D. are: 1. Being of the standing of ten years from admission to the degree of B.D.; 2. Having performed the exercises prescribed for candidates for the Degree of D.D. ©tbec Schools. Hcgiopolis College, KINGSTON.(a) The establishment of this College is due to the late Roman Catholic Bishop McDonell, by whom it was first endowed, in 1835, with a grant of nearly four acres within the limits of the City of Kingston, and after¬ wards by a legacy of real and personal estate. In 1837, it was incorpo¬ rated by the Act 7 William IV., cap. 56, under the title of The College of Regiopolis^ and in 1845 the Trustees under the will were authorized by the Act 8 Victoria, cap. 79, to convey the legacy to the corporation, and the latter authorized to hold real property to the value of £3,000 currency per annum, subject to the following provision : “ It shall be incum¬ bent on the said College to submit annually to each of the three branehes of the Legislature, if so required, a detailed statement of the real property held by them under this Act, and of the annual revenue arising therefrom.” Very Rev. Angus McDonell, President. Rev. J. O’Brien^ B.A.; H. Burns, Isaac McCarthy, and Michael Stafford, Professors. Canadian Congregational Cl)eological Institute, TORONTO. This Institution was first organised in 1840, for the education of candi¬ dates for the ministry of the Congregational Church. A few students had previously been receiving instruction from the Rev. Adam Lillie, while he was pastor of a Church in Dundas. The number increasing, a “ Congrega¬ tional Academy ” (as it was then called), was founded, and Mr. Lillie ap¬ pointed tutor, taking charge of all the elasses. In 1843, a similar move- took place in the Lower Province, resulting in the establishment of a “Congregational Theological Institute” in Montreal, of which the Rev. J. J. Carruthers, D.D., was tutor in Theology ; the Rev. H. Wilkes, A.M., (a) No information was furnished from this Institution. 90 KNOX 8 COLLEGE—U. P. DIVINITY HALL. in Philosophy; and the Rev. H. Miles (for one year) resident tutor. In 1846, the two were amalgamated, under the name of “ The Canadian Con¬ gregational Theological Institute,” and located in Toronto. The course of instruction extends over four sessions of eight months each, and embraces Mental and Moral Philosophy, Logic, Rhetoric, Theolo¬ gy, Biblical Criticism, and Interpretation, Jewish Antiquities, Ecclesiasti¬ cal History, Homiletics, Hebi’ew, Classics, and Mathematics. Students are required to pass an entrance examination in Arithmetic, English Grammar and Composition, Geography and Histoiy ; and also an annual examination at the close of each session. The Congregational Institute is unendowed, but is supported in part by an annual grant from the Colonial Missionary Society in connection with the Congregational Union of England and Wales, and partly by annual subscriptions from the churches of that body in the Province. The annual cost is about £600. The premises occupied by it are held on lease, and are situated on the corner of Adelaide and Francis Streets. The manage¬ ment of its affairs is in the hands of a Committee chosen by an Annual Meeting of the Subscribers, held at the same time and place as that of the Congregational Union of Canada. Patrick Freeland, Treasurer; Rev. F. H. Marling, Secretary; Revs, T. S. Ellerby, A. Lillie, D. D., A. Wickson, M. A., E. Ebbs, J. T. Byrne, and J. B. Robinson ; Messrs. Peter Freeland, W. F. Meudell, A. Christie, J. Uasmith, E. Childs, and J..Shaw, Committee. The officers of Instruction are: Rev. Adam Lillie, D D,, Theological Tutor; Rev. Arthur Wickson, M.A., Classical, Mathematical, and Hebrew Tutor. Enoic’s College, TORONTO. Knox’s College was established about 1844, by the Synod of the Free Church of Scotland, and is designed for the training of its theological students. The course of study extends over three sessions of six months each, commencing in, each year on the 1st of October, and ending on the 31st March. No fees are charged for tuition, ”nfession, however, still remains dis¬ tinct in England, and no person can be admitted to the one whilst he retains his name on the rolls of the other. In Upper Canada, however, though these branches of the profession have remained nominally distinct, yet there is no restraint on their united prac- tise'by the one individual.’ The right to admit Barristers is vested in the Law Society; and the right to admit Attorneys and Solicitors, in the Judges of the Superior Courts of Law and Equity. The Law Society of Upper Canada was established in 1797, by the Act 37 George III. cap. 13,(a) which enabled the then Practitioners of the Law to form themselves into a Society, “ for the purpose of securing to the country and the profession a learned and honorable body, to assist their fellow-subjects as occasion may require, and to support and main¬ tain the Constitution of the Province.” By the same Act, the Judges of the Superior Courts were constituted Visitors, with authority to sanction such rules as they considered necessary for the good government of the Society. In 1822, the Society was incorporated by the Act 2 George IV. cap. 5,(6) and its functions vested in the Treasurer and Benchers for the time being, elected according to the By-laws of the Society, much in the same manner as in the Law Societies of Great Britain and Ireland. The Benchers sit in Convocation every Law Term, for the admission of Stu¬ dents and Barristers, and for other general business. Appointed FijStorS. Judge. 1829. Hon. Sir John Beverley Robinson, Bart., C.B., D.C.L., Chief Justice of Upper Canada. 1849. Hon. William Hume Blake, B.A., Chancellor of Upper Canada. 1847. Hon.W. H. Draper C.B., Chief Justice of the Court of Common Pleas. 1836. Hon. Archibald McLean, Judge of the Court of Queen’s Bench. 1849. Hon. James Palmer Christie Esten, Vice Chancellor. 1849. Hon. Robert Easton Burns, Judge of the Court of Queen’s Bench. 1850. Hon. John Godfrey Spragge, Vice-Chancellor. 1853. Hon. William Buell Richards, Judge of the Court of Common Pleas. 1856. Hon. J. H. Hagerty, D.C.L,, Judge of the Court of Common Pleas. ^r^asur^r. 1850. Hon. Robert Balc^win, C.B., Q.C. (o) The first Act relating to the" profession of the Law, in Upper Canada, was the Ordinance of Quebec (29 George III. cap. i), which was repealed by the Act of 1797, establishing the Law Society. This ordinance, however, continued in force in Lower Canada until 18t9. (6) The oiher Acts relating to the Law Society and its members, as Barristers and Students, are : 7 William IV, cap. 15; 10 and 11 Victoria, cap. 29 (conferring certain privileges on Graduates of the then existing Canadian Universities) ; 12 Victoria, cap, 63; and 13 and 14 Victoria, cap, 26 and cap. 51. THE PROFESSIONS. cencficrs. Bar. 1818. Hou. H. J. Boulton, Q.O. 1816 1820. Thomas Ward. 1808 1820. George Ridout. 1815 1824. Hon. John Rolph.1821 1829. Hon. George S. Boulton 1618 1829. Hon. James E. Small .. 1821 1829. Marshall S.Bidwell.... 1821 1829. William Elliott. 1803 1830. Hon. Robert Baldwin, C.B., Q.C. 1816 1835. David Jones. 1815 1835. George Rolph. 1821 1835. Robert Berrie. 1821 1835. George S. Jarvis.1823 1835. Donald Bethune. 1823 1835. Sir A. H. MacNab, Bart, Q.C. 1826 1835. Thos. Kirkpatrick, Q.C. 1828 1840. Clarke Gamble. 1832 1843. Marcus F. Whitehead.. 1823 1843. George Malloch. 1824 1843. Edward C. Campbell... 1830 1843. Miles O’Reilly, Q.C.... 1830 1843. William Notman, Q.C.. 1827 1846. Hon. John H. Cameron. D.C.L., Q.C. .. 1838 1849. George Sherwood, Q.C. 1833 1849. Hon, Edmund Murney . 1834 1849, James Smith, Q.C.1834 1849. John Wilson, Q.C. 1835 1849. Hon.J.A.Macdonald,Q.C. 1836 1849. John W, Gwynne, Q.C. 1837 1849. Hon. John Ross, Q.C. .. 1839 the Bar. 1849. Hon. S. B. Harrison, Q.C. 1839 1850. Hon.J.S. Macdonald,Q.C. 1840 1850. Marcus Burritt. 1825 1850. D. B. O. Ford. 1827 18'0. Charles Baby. 1828 1850. George Duggan, Jr.... 1837 1850. A. J. Fergusson. 1839 1850. Hon. J. C. Morrison, Q.C. 1839 1850. John Crawford . 1839 1850. Adam Wilson, Q.C. 1839 1850. G. B. Ij. Fellowes, Q.C. 1839 1850. Seeker Brough. 1840 1850. Kesbitt Kirchoffer. 1840 1850. S. B. Freeman, Q.C- 1840 1850. S. Connor, LL D , Q.C.. 1842 1850. Hon. P. M. Vankoughnet, D.C.L , Q.C. 1844 1851. Roland Macdonald. 1832 1851. John Bell. 1833 1853. John Shuter Smith-1836 1853. Henry C.R. Beecher,Q.C. 1841 1853. Oliver Mowat, Q.C.... 1842 1853. Henry Eccles, Q.C.... 1842 1854. Henry Smith, Q.C.1834 1855. Lewis Wallbridge, Q.C. 1839 1855. Richard Miller. 1841 1855. George A. Phillpotts... 1842 1855. George W. Burton.1843 1865. Alexander Campbell... 1843 1855. Stephen Richards, Jr.. 1844 1856. Thomas Galt . 1845 1855. David B. Read. 1845 1856, John Ogilvie Hatt. 1833 1856- John Hector. 1839 .Secrctarg, fLifirarian, anti Eiaminrr. 1842. Hugh 17. Gwynne, B.A., Trin. Coll. Dub. .StutienbablLato. Candidates for admission as Students-at-Law, are required to pass an examination in the following subjects:— Optime Class .—Pheenissae of Euripides; the first twelve books of Homer’s Iliad; Horace; Sallust; Euclid, or Legendre’s Geometric; Hind’s Algebra; Snowball’s Trigonometry ; Earnshaw’s Statics and Dynamics; Hersehell’s Astronomy; Paley’s Moral Philosophy; Locke’s Essay on the Human Understanding; Whately’s Logic and Rhetoric; and such works in Ancient and Modern History as the candidates may have read. THE LAW SOCIETY OF UPPER CANADA. 9Y University Class.{a) —Homer, first book of Iliad; Lucian the Charon, Life or Dream of Lucian and Timon; Odes of Horace; Mathematics or Mataphysics at the option of the candidate, according to the following courses respectively: Mathematics—Euclid, first, second, third, fourth, and sixth books; or Legendre’s Geometrie, first, second, third, and fourth books; Hind’s Algebra, to the end of Simultaneous Equations, or Meta¬ physics— Walker’s and Whately’s Logic, and Locke’s Essay on the Human Understanding;—Herschell’s Astronomy, chapters first, third, fourth, and fifth; and such works in Ancient and Modern Geography and History as the candidates may have read. Senior Class .—The same subjects and books as for the University Class. Candidates for any of the above classes are required to attend the Examiner, at Osgoode Hall, at ten o’clock, on the first Thursday and first Friday of the Term during which they apply for admission. Junior Glass .—First and third books of the Odes of Horace; Euclid, first, second, and third books ; or Legendre’s Geometrie, first and second books; and such works in English History and Modern Geography as the candidates may have read. Candidates for this class are required to attend the Examiner, at Osgoode Hall, at ten o’clock, on the first Friday of the Term in which they apply for admission. Candidates for any of the above examinations as Students-at-Law, are required to give notice (Z») of their intended application during the Term preceding that in which they intend to present themselves for examination, and pay to with such notice a fee of 6s. The other fees payable are: Admission fee and Certificate, £11 12s. 6d. ISavristcrsatilLair). The requisites for call to this degree are: 1. Being of the age of twenty-one years. 2. Being of the standing of five years from admission as a Student-at Law; or three years, if admitted into the Society as a Graduate in Law or Arts of any University in Her Majesty’s dominions; or if, after admis¬ sion, he become a Graduate of any one of the three Canadian Universities specified in the Act 10 & 11 Victoria, cap. 59.(c) 3. Having, during these fiYe or three years, attended lectures for at least four terms, in Osgoode Hall, and having presented to the Secretary of the Law Society certificates of the same, signed by the Lecturer of each term. 4. Having passed an examination in the following books: — Reddies’ Enquiries, Elementary and Historical, in the Science of Law. Blackstone’s Commentaries, vol. i. Addison on Contracts. Smith’s Mercantile Law. The Public Statutes relating to Upper Canada, and the Practice of the Courts of Law and Equity. Williams on Real Property. Story’s Equity Jurisprudence. Stephen on Pleading. Taylor on Evidence. Byles on Bills. (а) This class is designed for Graduates of Universities, and for none others. (б) All notices—whether for Admission or Call—must be signed by one of the Benchers, and pre¬ sented to the Secretary of the Society at the time above specified. (c) By this Act it is provided that Students-at-Law obtaining a degree in Law or Arts, at the University of Toronto, Queen’s College, or Victoria College, within three years after their admission into the Law Society, may present themselves for examination, and be called to the degree of Barrister-at-Law, at the end of three years from the date of such admission as Students-at-Law. G 98 THE PROFESSIONS. And when the candidate does go for a Call with Honors, then the following additional books:— Russell on Crimes. Story on Partnership. Watkins’ Principles of Conveyancing Coote on Mortgages. Dart on Vendors and Purchasers. Jarman on Wills. Story on Conflict of Law. Justinian’s Institutes. Candidates for this examination are required to attend at Osgoode Hall, after ten o’clock, on each of the following days : Those for the Or¬ dinary Call, on the last Friday of Vacation ; those for Call with Honors^ on the last Thursday and last Friday of Vacation. Candidates for this examination are required to give notice of their intended application, during the Term preceding that in which they intend presenting themselves for examination, and to pay with such notice a fee of 5s. The other fees payable at Call are : Degree and Certificate, £21 10s. By the 2nd section of the Act 2 George IV. cap. 5, persons admitted to the Degree of Barrister-at-Law in England, Ireland, or Scotland, or in any British North American Province in which the same privilege is extended to Barristers from Upper Canada, on producing testimonials thereof, and of good character and conduct, may be called to the Degree of Barrister- at-Law in Upper Canada. By the 1st section of the Act 13 & 14 Victoria, cap. 26, persons admitted as Advocates, Barristers, Attorneys, Solicitors, and Proctors-at-Law of Lower Canada, or who have studied there as a Law Clerk, for the full period required by the Act 12 Victoria, cap. 63, on producing sufficient testimonials of such admission or study, and of good character, and passing an examination in the Law of Upper Canada, may be called to the degree of Barrister-at-Law in Upper Canada. ItEctures, 1857. Hilary Term, 2nd to 14th February—Miles O’Reilly, Esq., Q.C., on the Common Conveyances, of Bargain and Sale, Covenant to stand Seized, and Lease and Release. Easter Term, 1st to 13th June—D. B. Read, Esq., on Principal & Agent. Trinity Term, 3rd to 15th August—G. A. Phillpotts, Esq., on Bills of Exchange and Promissory Notes. • Michaelmas Term, 16th to 28th November—L. Wallbridge, Esq., Q.C., on Statutes of Limitations. Hour of lecture from nine o’clock to ten o’clock, a.m., each day. ILaiD Clerk, Is the title given by law to each person apprenticed to an Attorney and Solicitor, and differs from that of Student-at-Law. There is no ex¬ amination required of entering Law Clerks, nor of Attorneys and Solicitors. •attorncajatslLaiD, anti Soltci'tordn^d^anrern. The requisites for admission as Attorney and Solicitor, are as follows: 1. Being of the age of twenty-one years; 2. Having served an apprentice- THE BAR OP LOWER CANADA. 99 ship of five years, or, if a Graduate, of three years,(a) as a law-clerk to some regularly admitted and practising Attorney and Solicitor; 3. Having presented to the Judges of the Superior Courts of Law and Equity, satisfactory evidence of such service as law-clerk.(6) By a rule of the Courts of Queen’s Bench and Common Pleas (51 of Hilary Term, 13 Victoria), it is ordered, that every person applying to be admitted an Attorney of either of the said Courts, shall leave with the Clerk of the Crown and Pleas, at least seven days before his application for admission, his articles of clerkship, and also any assignment that may have been made thereof, together with answers to the several queries as to his service as such law-clerk under the said articles Application for ad¬ mission must be made during Term. Persons admitted to practise in one Court, may, on presenting their certificates to the other Court, obtain ad¬ mission to practise in each such other Court. Attorneys and Solicitors of the Superior Courts in England, Ireland, or Scotland, may be admitted to prac’ise as such in the Superior Courts of Upper Canada, after three years’, or if they be also Graduates of British Universities, after two years’, sei vice under articles to a practising At¬ torney and Solicitor in Upper Canada. By the 2nd section of the Act 13 (fe 14 Victoria, cap. 26, sec. 2, any Advocate, Barrister, A ttoi ney, and Proctor at Law, of Lower Canada, on being called to the degree of Barrister-at-Law in Upper Canada, may also be admitted as an Attorney and Solicitor of the Superior Courts of Upper Canada; and by the 4 William IV. cap 9, the Attorneys and Solicitors General may be admitted to practise without service. Fees. —Couits of Queen’s Bench and Common Pleas, each 12s. 6d. ; Court of Chancery, Is. 6d. Law Terms. —Hilary begins first Monday in February, and ends on Saturday in the ensuing week; Easter begins first Monday in June, and ends on Saturday in the ensuing week; Trinity begins first Monday in August, and ends on Saturday in the ensuing week; Michaelnias begins third Monday in November, and ends on Saturday in the ensuing week. ®I)e I3cir of Coraer QTanaba. The first public Act relating to the profession of the Law in Canada, was the Ordinance of Quebec (26 George III. cap. 4). passed in 1785, providing that “for the welfare and tranquility of families, and the peace of individuals,” no person should thereafter be called to the bar unless such as had regularly studied for the profession, and been “ examined by some of the first and most able Barristers, in the presence of the Chief Justice, and two or more Judges of the Court of Common Pleas.” This Act was amended by the 6 William IV. cap. 16, and continued in force in Lower Canada until 1849. In this year, a more complete neasure was embodied in the Act 12 Victoria, cap. 46, which, after r o'ting that the (a) The provisions relating to Graduates of Canadian Universities, quoted in note on page 97, also apply to Attorneys and Solicitors. (b) The Acts relating to the service and admission of Attorneys and Solicitors a. 47 George III. c. 6 ; 55 George III. c. 3; 3 George ^V, c. 1 and c, 5 ; 4. William IV. c. 9 ; 7 William I\ . c. 2. and c. 15; 10 & 11 Victoria, c. 29; 12 Victoiia, c. S3. '.45; IS St 14 Victoria, c. 36; and 18 Victoria, c. 188, 100 THE PROFESSIONS. ‘ profession of the law should be exercised “only by persons capable of performing the duties thereof with honor and integrity,” incorporates all Advocates, Barristers, Attorneys, Solicitors, and Proctors at Law in Lower Canada, duly admitted as such before the 30th May,-1849, under the name of The Bar of Lower Canada. The corporation of the Bar is divided into four sections: namely, one for each of the districts of Montreal, Quebec, Three Rivers, and St. Francis. Each section of which is known under the name of “ The Bar of Lower Canada—section of the District of -” and is composed of all Advocates, Barristers, Attorneys, Solicitors, and Proctors at Law in each district. The powers conferred on the corporation are exercised by a General Council, composed of all the officers and members of the Councils of the section. The General Council holds its meetings yearly> in Montreal and Quebec alternately, within six months after the election of the officers of the sections, and appoints, from among its members, a President, Secretary, and Treasurer. The officers of each section are: Bdtonier, Syndic, Treasurer, Secre¬ tary, and eight other members; except in the District of Three Rivers, where only three other members are required. Each Council of sections of the Bar has power to pronounce a censure or reprimand, through the Bdtonier, against any member who may be¬ come guilty of any breach of discipline, or of any action derogatory to the honor of the Bar; or, if necessary, to punish such member, by sus¬ pending him from his functions for any period not exceeding one year; also, to prevent, hear, and determine all complaints and claims made by third parties against members of the Bar, in matters connected with their professional duties. The whole is subject to the approval of the General Council. There is no distinction in Lower Canada between Barristers and At¬ torneys. The two branches of the profession are combined, instead of separated, as in Upper Canada; and all admissions to practise, and regu¬ lations affecting, the legal profession, are entrusted to the society of its members. iHontrral Section of tf)c Bar. Called to the Bar. 1837. Henry Stuart, Bdtonier. 1843. Strachan Bethune, Syndic. Called to the Bar. I 1836. Joseph A.Berthelot,TV^aswrer. I 1850. F. P. Pominville, Secretary. 1837. Robert Mack ay. 1841. Andrew Robertson. 1839. Charles A. Leblanc. 1843. Alexander Cross. Council. 1844. Gedeon Ouiraet. 1845. Pierre R. Lefrenaye, B.C.L. 1847. John J. C. Abbott, B.C.L. 1849. Rodolphe Laflamme, B.C.L. THE BAR OF LOWER CANADA. 101 ILato (Clerk, or ^tutient. The candidates for “ admission to study,” are required to pass an examination in the English or French language, and the Latin language, and to satisfy the Examiners that they have received a liberal education. Candidates for this examination are required to give notice, in writing, to the Secretary of the proper section, at least one month previous to the time at which they intend presenting themselves for examination, and state in such notice their age, place of education, branches of learning in which they were instructed, and the books read. The fees payable are; Ifotice, 5s,; Admission Fee and Certificate, £1 5s.; Enregistration of Articles and Certificate, 10s. ■atibocate, barrister, 'attornca, Solicitor, anti ^^roctorsablLaix). The requisites for “admission to practice” are: 1. Being of the age of twenty-one years; 2. Having studied regularly under a notorial agree¬ ment, as a clerk or student, with a practising Advocate, iov five years; or, if he have gone through a complete course of study at any incorporated College or Seminary, then,/owr years ; or if, in addition to the preceding, he have also gone through a complete course of Law at any incorporated College or Seminary, then, three years ; 3. Having passed the required examination, as to legal attainments and qualifications. Candidates for “admission to practice/’ are required to give notice, in writing, to the Secretary of the section in which they have studied, at least one month previous to the time at which they intend presenting themselves for examination, and state in such notice their age, the names of the persons under whom they studied, the collegiate course of study, if they have pursued such, the branches of general education, and of law particularly studied, and the books read. The fees payable are : Notice, 5s.; Diploma and Enregistration, £4 5s. No candidate can be admitted to practise in any other section than that in which he shall have studied, unless he has studied the last six months of his clerkship in the section in which he presents himself. The Committee of Examiners of each section meets on the first Monday in each month, for the examination of candidates for “ admission to study ” and for “ admission to practise.” If such first Monday be a holiday, then on the next day after, not a holiday. By the Act 13 &, 14 Victoria, cap. 26, sec. 3, any person admitted as a Barrister-at-Law in Upper Canada, on producing satisfactory testimonials thereof and of good character, and passing an examination in the Law of Lower Canada, may be admitted to practise as an Advocate, Barrister Attorney, Solicitor, and Proctor-at-Law in Lower Canada, ’ ilXebiml of Epper €auaba. The laws relating to the practise of Medicine in Upper Canada are the Acts 59 George III. cap. 13 of third session, and cap. 2 of fourth session; 8 George IV. e.ip. 3; and 4 ing back exclu¬ sively to their own jurisdiction, any part of the Township united to ano¬ ther ; and that they may make what arrangement they think most con¬ venient for giving the inhabitants the benefit of the Common School laws: but they cannot do so unless it clearly appears that all pai’ties have had due notice .—In re Ness v. 3funicipality of Saltjieet, 13 Q. B. B. 408. 15. Alterations of School Sections and of Union Sections. The Municipality of a Township may alter the boundaries of School sections within their township, by taking from one and adding to another, without any previous request of freeholders and householders, and notwith¬ standing their disapprobation of the change—provided that those affected by the alteration have notice of the intention to make it. But the Muni¬ cipality has no power to alter the boundaries of a union School section consisting of parts of different townships—such power pertaining only to the Reeves and Local Superintendents of the townships concerned .—In re Ley v. Municipality of Clarke, 13 Q. B. R. 433. 16. Dividing a School Section. —Bate by Trustees de facto. On application of the resident inhabitants of a section, the Municipality of a Township, in 1863, passed a resolution to divide the section, by taking away a part to constitute a new section (but no By-law was passed until 1855, when one was adopted conhrming the resolution.) A meeting was called for the 16th January, 1854, to elect three new trustees for the sec¬ tion. In the meantime, on the 10th of January, the ordinary annual meeting was held, and a dispute arose as to whether Trustees should not then be elected for the ensuing year? Some thought not, and left the meeting; while others remained, and proceeded with the election. The Local Superintendent being appealed to, declared the election illegal, con¬ sidering the section had become a new section ; and appointed another election to take place on the 16th, when the three defendants were ap¬ pointed Trustees. In January, 1855, the dispute was renewed and elec¬ tions held, so that there were two sets of Trustees claiming the office. The first elected Trustees in 1854, abstained from acting; and the defend¬ ants imposed a rate, which the plaintiff resisted. Held, (affirming No. 13, Chief Superintendent v. McRae, 12 Q. B R. 645), that the alteration did not constitute the section a new one; but that the rate was legal, being imposed by Trustees de facto, who had not been re¬ moved. Quaere —Whether such alteration could be made by resolution only. Quaere, also—Whether the decision of the Local Superintendent can be thus incidentally reviewed in an action to recover back the rate.— Chief Superintendent in re Gill v. Jackson etal., 14 Q. B. R. 119. CITIES, TOWNS, AND VILLAGES. 17. Powers of Boards of School Trustees, in Cities, Towns, and Villages. The School Trustees in cities, towns, and villages, have unlimited dis¬ cretion under the twenty-fourth section of the School Act of 1850, as to the number of schools to be kept up, and are not subjected to the restrictions in this respect imposed upon school section trustees in Townships. When an estimate of the sum required for school purposes was sent to the Municipal Council, by the Board of School Trustees, and the Council 120 MEMORANDA. recognized the presentation of such estimate by paying a portion of the amount, and submitted to court their reasons for refusing to pay the balance, Held that by such recognition of the Trustees’ estimate, they were preclud¬ ed from pleading that it had not been laid before them as the law required. —In re Board of School Trustees v. Municipality of Brockville, 9 Q. B. R. 302. 18. Boards of School Trustees and Municipal Councils. The communication by a Board of School Trustees to the Municipal Council of a town, of a resolution of the Board, that the chairman do order the Town Council to furnish the Board with a sum of money imme¬ diately, for the purpose of purchasing a site and erecting a school house— a copy of which resolution was sent to the Town Council—is not a compli¬ ance with the sixth clause of the twenty-fourth section of the School Act of 1850, requiring the Board to prepare an estimate of the sums it may require ; and consequently does not render the Town Council liable to be compelled to pay the amount by mandamus. A vote of the rate-payers is not necessary in cities, towns, and villages —although it is in school sections—to authorize an application to the Town Council, or a rate by the Board,— In 're Board of School Trustees V. Municipality of Port Hope, 4 C. P. 11.418. 19. School Assessment in Wards of a City or Town. A Board of School Trustees applied to a Municipal Council to levy a distinct sum in each of the wards of the municipality, and the Council passed a By-law for that purpose: Held, that it was illegal. An assessment for School (as well as Munici¬ pal) purposes must be levied equally upon the rate-payers of the Munici¬ pality in proportion to their rateable property, and cannot be levied by an unequal rate in the different wards of such municipality.— In re Scott t. Municipality of Ottawa, 13 Q. B. R. 346. 20. Order on Treasurer. The Board of School Trustees of a village applied to the village Muni¬ cipality to levy a sum of money required to pay for a School site which they had contracted to purchase. The Municipality refused to do so, and the Board applied for a mandamus. It did not appear that the Trustees had appointed a Secretary-Treasurer. Held, that the Board should first have given an order to the person from whom they had agreed to purchase, upon the Treasurer of the Munici¬ pality.— In re Board of School Trustees v. Municipality of Galt, 13 Q. B. R. 511. 21. Meaning of “ Taxable Inhabitants," in Cities, Towns, and Villages. Persons who are rated for statute labor only, and who are not household¬ ers, are not “ taxable inhabitants ” within the meaning of the twenty-second section of the School Act of 1850, and cannot therefore vote at the election of School Trustees.— The Queen ex rel. McNamara y. Christie et al., ^ Q. B. R. 682. MISCELLANEOUS. 22. Decisions on School Questions by the Chief Superintendent. Tlie duties imposed upon the Chief Superintendent and the several Local Superintendents by the School Acts, show that the Legislature intended to DECISIONS ON SCHOOL QUESTIONS. 121 provide a domestic forum for the settlement of school questions; and the reference of several other matters involving legal consideraiions to arbitra¬ tion. answers the objection sometimes urged that the Legislature did not mean legal questions to be determined by an officer who, perhaps, might not be versed in legal technicalities. It appears, tl.erefore, looking at the ■whole scope of the acts, that it was supposed the affairs of the schools could be managed by means of arbitrators, and references to tlie Local Superintendent, and finally to the Chief Superintendent, without troubling the Courts.—10 Q. B. R. 475. 23. Rate of Interest to he raised hy Municipal Councils. Municipal Corporations cannot, by by-law. provide for money at a rate of interest exceeding six per cent.— Wilson v. Municipality of the County of Elgin, 13 Q. B. R. 129. 24. Responsibility of Treasurer to honor Trustees' Orders. That portion of the rate which by the enactment of law goes into the hands of the Treasurer, is subject to the order of the Tru-tees. He may not have received the money, or may refuse to obey their order, but in nei¬ ther case can they be liable to an action for not paying the money. They are public officers, who have only to discharge their proper duty. If they refused to make an order, a Mandamus would lie against them, or perhaps a special action for not making the order, but not an action for tlie money, for that is not in their bauds. If the Treasurer fails in his duty he is liable to indictment, and might be found liable also to a remedy by action.—7 Q. B. R. 188. 2.5. Authority of a Majority of School Trustees.—School Site. Two of the Trustees of a school section are not competent to act in all cases without consulting the third, and giving him an opportunity of unit¬ ing in or opposing the acts of his colleagues. (See No. 11.) Nor can the whole body of Trustees, without any reference to the free¬ holders and householders of the section, determine upon a site for the school house, and impose a rate to meet the expense of its purchase.— Orr V. Ranney et al, 12 Q. B. R. 377. 26. Corporate Seal- The Trustees of a school section being a corporation under the School Act of 1850, are not liable as such to pay fur a school house erected for and accepted by them, not having contracted under seal for the erection of the same. The seal is required as authenticating the concurrence of the whole body corporate.(a)— Marshall v. Trustees No. 4, Kitley, 4 C. P. H. 375. (a) “A corporation being an invisible body, cannot manifest its will by oral communication : a pe¬ culiar mode has therefore been devised for the authentic expression of its intention,—namely, the affixing of its common seal: and it is held that though the particular members may express their pri- ▼ate consent by words, or signing their names, yet this does not bind the corporation ; it is the fixing of the seal, and that only, which unites the several assents of the individuals composing it; and makes one joint assent of the whole,”—SmiWt Mercantile Law, B. I. c. 4. Plan of a Section School-House. A.A. School Library and Teachers’ Room ; B, Teacher’s Desk; 6. Closet for Maps, Books, be.; C. Stove. 122 MEMORANDA. The following hints may be use¬ ful to School Trustees, in making arrangements for school buildings. Everything around and in the School-House should be attractive to the eye and improving to the taste of the pupils, since it is in connection with the School-House that children receive many of their earliest and most lasting im¬ pressions :— 1. The sites should, where prac- able, be at least half or a quarter of an acre, and be fixed in an agreeable and cheerful neighbour¬ hood, apart from railways, mills, &e. The position should be some¬ what elevated, or on a gentle slope, and not in the vicinity of low ground or stagnant water. 2. The door should face the south, and the principal windows be to the north, thus rendering access to the School House agreeable at all seasons, and the light inside always free from tlie glare of sun¬ shine. PLANS OF SCHOOL-HOUSES. 123 3. The ground should be planted with trees, and should also be nicely laid out with shrubs and flowers where practicable, so as to promote in child¬ ren a taste for neatness, order, and beauty. 4. The proper and economical heating and ventilation of the build ing should also be care fully studied. 6. The School-room should be provided with comforable seats, and desks. These can now be easily procured at the various school furniture manufacto¬ ries. 6. When the School House is thus prepared and ready for occupa¬ tion, maps and appa¬ ratus, and a good teach¬ er, should then be pro¬ cured . nz 23 szs szs szz o d o o o o o o o 0 c o o o o O 0 o o 2 5 o 124 ADVERTISEMENTS, Canaba ^ermaneat ^uilbiiig d* Sabinp Scdtlg. INCORPORATED BY THE PROVINCIAL LEGISLATURE. T his institution was established a.d. 1855, for the following objects: 1st. To secure to Investors of small suras, as well as to those of more extensive means, being Members, a high rate of compound interest on the amount invested, together with perfect reliabilit)\ 2ud. To afford a place of temporary deposit for money at a higher rate of interest than is allowed by Banks or Savings Banks. 3rd. To enable borrowers to redeem their properties by the periodical payment of small sums, extended over any suitable time they may select. Subscribed Capital,.£75,000 Invested on Real Estate,.£25,000 Annual Income from Members, - - - £18,000 BOARD OF DIRECTORS. Prmienf—JOSEPH D. RIDOUT, Esq. BETER PATERSON, Esq. J. G. CHEWETT, Esq, T, D. HARRIS, Esq. A. NORDHEIMER, Esq. Solicitor —E. C. JONES, Esq. | E. F. WHITTEMORE, Esq. T. MAC LEAR, Esq. J. G. BEARD, Esq. Surveyor —W. B. CREW, Esq. Secretary and Treasurer —Mr. J. HERBERT MASON. Office —TORONTO STREET, North of the Post Office, Toronto. Shares, ilOO; Half Shares,.£50; Quarter Shares, £25. Investing shares are paid up by a single payment of £64, when no further subscriptions are required ; or by seventy-two monthly instalments of £1 Is. each, and a proportionate sum for half or quarter shares; for which at the expiration of six years a Member will receive the full amount of his share, together with the realized surplus profits. Interest at 6 per cent, is allowed on suras paid in advance. New shares may be subscribed for at any time, without the payment of any arrears or premium, and will immediately participate in the profits.? Members wishing to discontinue their subscriptions, are entitled, by giv¬ ing notice, to withdraw the amount paid in, with compound interest, when¬ ever they desire. The Society will receive money on deposit, for which interest at the rate of six per cent, per annum will be paid, on sums of ten pounds and over, and five per cent, on sums under ten pounds, withdrawable, subject to no¬ tice, at any time. Applications for loans will be received by the Secretary, from whom the Rules and Prospectus, and any further information respecting the Society, may be obtained. All letters to be prepaid. ADVERTISEMENTS. 125 PROVISION POR TIACIIIRS. T IMITED as is the emolament of those engaged in the delight¬ ful task” of instructing youth, there are few whose incomes are so small hut that they may,—at least if they commence saving early enough,—make some provision for their independence and comfort in the evenins of life. How many are there, who, at the age of 25, cannot spare £U 17s- 6(1. a-year to secure £500, To be received at the age of 50 ; while, .should they die before that age, the said sum would be paid to whomsoever it was bequeathed. Or, commencing at 25, and paying £11 l6s. 6d, a-year till 50, they may secure AN ANNUITY OF £60 A-YEAE, To commence at that age, and continue during the remainder of life. Tables of Rates of the PROVIDENT fife lisswrante ani Inkstment COMPANY, Will be furnished on application at the Head Office, 54, King Street East, Toronto. Or they may be obtained at any of the Agencies of the Company. 126 ADVERTISEMENTS. 0f ^c^ill MONTREAL. T HE FIFTH SESSIOJN of this University, under tlie amended Cliarter, will commence in the Autumn of 1857. The classes in the Faculty of Arts will open on the 10th September ; those in the Medi¬ cal and Law Faculties, and the Special Courses of Engineering and Agricul¬ ture, on the first Monday of November; and those in the High School department, on the 20th August. Erected on a basis of the broadest liberality, to the exclusion of all sectarianism and party spirit, and with the view more especially of meeting the Educational wants of the Protestant population of Lower Canada, this Institution now offers a Literary, Scientific, and Professional Education, not inferior to that conferred by any similar Institution on this Continent, and it has the power of granting all the usual degrees in its several Faculties. The Faculty of ArU, as now organised, possesses the means of giving a sound Mathematical, Classical, and Scientific Education; and b;^ permitting options in the more advanced classes, by admitting Occasional Students, and by providing special courses of study in Practical Science, piovision has been made lor developing the special tastes and aptitudes of students, and for affording facilities to those who are desirous of studying the applications, of science to the useful arts. By these arrangements, the University eo deavoui's to adapt itself to the tendencies of the age and to the practical business of life, as it presents itself in this country, while it preserves the completeness of its regular undergraduate course. The Faculty of Medicine, the efficiency of which has been long tested and widely acknowledged, continues to maintain that high standing of Professional education on which its reputation is founded. The Faculty of Law will enter, on the ensuing session, with a full staff of Professors, and it now offers a liberal and thorough Education to Students in that Profession. It; the High School Department, the course embraces a good English Education, in all its branches; with the French and German languages; and the Classical and Matiiematical attainments necessary to entering the University. The ariangements in this department have been improved, and additional instructiou in Freuch has been provided. The School is- accommodated in a new building, fitted up with all the modern appliances of education. Details of the terms and course of study in the several Faculties, and in the High School Department, will be fomid in the published prospectus. A limited number of Boarders Avill be received into the families of the resident Professors: Terms, £50 per annum. Board can be obtained in the city at from $12 to $16 per month. The Piincipal, the Deans of the several Faculties, and the Rector of the Hieh School, will do all in their power to aid Students in procuring suitable lodgings, and generally to promote their comfort and welfare while connected with the University. SPECIAL COURSES.—1 Course of Engineering. Mr. HAMILTON, C.E., will commence his Course of “ Road and Rail¬ way Engineering.” on the first Monday in November, at Three o’clock, p.m, The Course will include Engineering and Mechanical Drawing ; Surveying for Roads and Railways; Levelling; the Use of Instruments; Calculation ADVERTISEMENTS. 127 of Earthwork, Excavation, and Embankment; Quarrying and Blasting; Well Sinking and Boring; Construction of Public Roads; Theory of the Arch; Masonry and BricWork; Foundations, Piling, and Coffer Dams; Arched, Timber, and Iron Bridges and Viaducts; Retaining Walls ; Con¬ struction of Railways, including Gradients, Curves, Measurement of Earth¬ work, s any H xamination. * For Candidates for Honors, t During Michaelmas Term. % During Easter Term. ADVERTISEMENTS. 129 ANDREW H. ARMOUR & CO., KING STREET, WEST, TORONTO. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN r|; 00 l aiii fi 0 llegt §00110 ENGLISH, CLASSICAL, AND t O DE?. ES X O 2^- They have just published a new Clatalogue, which may be had gratis on application. 37 , KING STREET EAST, TORONTO. COMMON AND GRAMMAR SCHOOL BOOKS ALWAYS IN STOCK. Foolscap, Post, and other Papers. Municipal and other Forms, a great variety. OFFICE STATIONERY OF ALL SORTS. Lately published, the “ Educational Manual.” 8vo, Price 3s. 9d. 1 130 ADVEKTISEMENTS, HENRY ROIYSELL, BOOKSELLER, STATIONER, AND PRINTER To the University of Toronto, University College, Trinity College, and Upper Canada College, KING STREET, TORONTO. H K. has always on hand a large assortment of BOOKS in every ® department of Literature, including the Class Books in use at the above-named Institutions, and at the Colleges and Schools in the Province. [He keeps, also, an extensive and varied stock of Writing & Drawing Papers, Drawing Materials, Mathematical Instruments, and every kind of Stationery. ACCOUNT BOOKS OF ALL SIZES ON HAND, AND MADE TO ORDER TO ANY PATTERN. LETTERPRESS a. COPPERPLATE PRINTING NEATLY AND EXPEDITIOUSLY EXECUTED. BOOKBINDING IN ALL ITS BRANCHES. Books, or any article connected with the business, imported to Order from Europe, and from the United States. KSMGSTOM, C.W. (A Boarding and Day-School for Boys.) M r. H. J. BORTHWICK (late Principal, Queen’s College school, Kingston) respectfully intimates that this Academy is now in full operation. He has secured the services of an efiScient staff of Masters, so that all the branches of a liberal and useful education may be obtained in the same Institution. Mr. BorthAviek (Principal), Mr. Carron (French Master), and Mr. Moffat (Commercial and Mathematical Master), receive Boarders. For full particulars, see Prospectus, to be obtained on application to the Principal. Among many others, Mr. B. is kindly permitted to refer to the following gentlemen:—Revs. R. V. Rogers and K. M. Fenwick, Kingston; Rev. G. Weir, Prof. Class. Lit. Queen’s College; Hon. John McDonald, Ga- nanoque ; Judge Malloch, Perth; Revs. J. G. Geddes and R. Burnet, Hamilton; Rev. S. F. Ramsay, Newmarket, A large assortment of Maps and Apparatus constantly on hand. Our complete Catalogue sent by mail, post paiil, to any address, on application. 106 WASHINGTON STREET, BOSTON. 136 ADVERTISEMENTS. HOLBROOK SCHOOL APPARATUS COMPANY. OFFICES Asylum Street, Hartford, Conn. ’ ] Branch Office, Chicago, Illinois. PRICE LIST, JANUARY, 1857. Common School Set, Price $20. 1. Orrery.$10 00 2. Tellurian . 6.00 $8.00 $10.00 3. Geometrical Solids... 1.25 Extra $1.50 4. Terrestrl,Globe(5in.) 1.00 5. Numeral Frame. 0.75 No. 1, $0.63 6. Hemisphere Globe... 0.75 7- CubeRootBlock(ext.) 0.50 Doubl. 0.75 8. Teach’.s Guide to Illust.0.58 Cloth, 0 50 9. Maguet . 0.25 0.37 0.50, &c. Miscellaneous Articles. 10. BrassMount.Orrery$l2,.'0 & $15-00 11. “ Celest. Sphere 6.00 12. Gyroscope . 3.50 $5.00 $8.00 13. Pointing Rods . 0-50 0 75 14. Double Slates, No. 1 0.45 No. 2, 0.56 15. Holbrook’s D.S. “ 1 0.20 “ 2, 0.25 16. “ DrawingBook... 0.08 17. “ N.ss High S. S. 0.25 No. 2, 0.30 18. “ Double “ No.l 0.50 No. 2, 0.60 Primary School Set, Nos. 3 to 9. $5.00 Common School Set, Nos. 1 to 9. 20.00 High School Set, Nos. 2 to 11. 28.50 “Good enough for the best, and cheap enough for the poorest.” B elieving that illustration is the basis of successful Teaching, we endeavor to supply all kinds of Apparatus, and to furnish whatever is needed to make a compete outfit for Schools of every grade. Our Office is designed to be THE TEACHERS’ HOME, where maybe procured School Furniture, Registers, Ink Wells, Microscopes, Maps, Charts, Magnets. Standard Educational Works,—in English, French, and German,—and various School Room conveniences. It is designed to make iHE Teachers’ Home supply every want of every Teacher. Will not Teachers help us by their suggestionsP Illustrated Circulars sent on application. Address at Hartford. Conn. F. C. BROWNELL, Secretary. » at Chicago, III. TALCOTT & SHERWOOD. THE ERAHKLIN GLOBES, THE CHEAPEST GLOBES IN MARKET, Prices from $3.25 each to $36.00 per Pair. W E invite the attention of Teachers, Dealers and others, to the above new series of Globes. Being made by an entirely new and improved process, they are much stronger than other Globes, and are warranted avainst cracking. They are printed on new plates, giving the latest changes and divisions, are put up in the most attractive style, and sold at lower prices than any other Globes in the United States. A descriptive Catalogue, with styles and prices, will be furnished on appli¬ cation to the Manufacturers, MERRIAM, MOORE & CO., Troy, N.Y. Supplied at our prices by the Educational Department, Toronto; D. and J, Sadleir & Co., and B. Dawson, Montreal. As an evidence of the importance of the use of Globes in teaching, we append the following testimony of the Teachers of Pennsylvania:— At a meeting of the State Convention of County Superintendents of Pennsylvania, held at Williamsport, August 14th, 1856, the following resolut'on was offered by Mr. Gow, of Washington, and, on motion, unanimously adopted : Resolved, That having demonstrated the ereat importance of Globes and Outline Maps in imparting a cor¬ rect knowledge of the science of Geography, this convention recommend to the seve¬ ral Boards of Directors in all the Counties, to procure for each School a Terrestrial Globe and set of Outline Maps. I certify that the above is from the record, and a correct copv of the Resolution. R. N. Weaver, Secretary. The State of New York.— The Undersigned School Commissioners. School Superintendents, and Teachers, of the State of New York, believing that Artificial Globes are an important and efficient aid to the Teacher, in imparting correct Geo¬ graphical and Astronomical knovvdedge, we cordially recommend their use in all the Schools of this State. [Signed by more than one hundred of the leading Teachers, School Superintend¬ ents, and School Commissioners, of the State of New York.] ADVERTISEMENTF. 137 L. SCOTT & CO.’S REPRINT OP THE BRITISH PERIODICALS. 1. THE LONDON QUARTERLY (Conseivative.) 2. THE EDINBURGH REVIEW (Whig.) 3. THE NORI'H RRITISH REVIEW (Free Church.) 4. THE WESTMINSTER REVIEW (I.ibeial) f. BLACKWOOD’S EDINBURGH MAGAZINE (Tory.) These Periodicals ably repi-esent the three great political parlies of Great Britain—Whig, I'ory, and Radical ; but politics forms only one feature of their character. As organs of the most profound writers on Science, Litera¬ ture. Morality, and Religion, they stand, as they ever have stood, unrivalled in the world of letters, being considered indi>pensab!e to the scholar and the professional man; while to the intelligent reader of every class, they furnish a more cornet and sati.-factory record of the curnmt literature of the day, throughout the world, than can possibly be obtained fioni any other source Early Copies —The receipt of Advance Sheets from the British pub¬ lishers, gives additional value to these Reprints, inasmuch as they can now be placed in the hands of subscribers about as.‘-o(»n as the original editions. TERMS— Per Annum. For any one of the four Reviews.00 For any two of the four Reviews .... 5 00 For any three of the four Reviews... 7 00 For all four of the Reviews. 8 00 For Blackwood’s Masazine.?3 00 For Blackwood and three Reviews 9 00 For Blackwood & the four Reviews 10 00 Payments to be made in all cases in advance. Money current in the State where ’ssued will be received at par. Clubbing. — A discount of 25 per cent, from the above prices will be al¬ lowed to Clubs ordering four or more copies of any one or more of the above works. Thus : Four copies of Blai kwoed, or of one Review, will be Bent to one address for $9 ; four copies of the four Reviews and Blackwood for $30 ; and so on. Postage. — In all the priueipal Cities and Towns, these works will be delivered Fr(e of Postage. When sent by mail to subsciibers in Canada, the U S. postage wi 1 be paid by the publishers. N.B.—The price in Great Britain of the five Periodicals above named, is about $31 per annum. THE FARMER’S GUIDE TO SCIENTIFIC & PRACTICAL AGRICULTURE. By Henry Stephens, F.R.S., of Edinburgh, and the late J. P. INorton, Professor of Scientilic Agriculture in Yale College, New Haven. 2 vols. Ro.yal Octavo. 1600 Pages, and numerous Wood aud Stetd Engravings. This is confessedly the most complete work ou Agriculture ever published, aud in order to give it a wider circulation, ihe Publisher- have resolved to reduce the pilce to Pive Dollars for the Two Volumes! When sent by mail (post paid) to California and Oregon, the price will be $7 ; to every other part of the Union, and to Canada (post paid), $6. This work is not the old ''Book of the P'arm." Remittiinces for any of the above Publications should always be ad¬ dressed, post-paid, to the Publishers, LEONARD SCOTT & CO., No. 54. Gold Street, New York. X38 •ADVERTISEMENTS. JACQUES & HAY, CONTINUE TO MAKE OF THE MOST APPROVED PATTERNS, AND CAN EXECUTE AND AT ADVERTISEMENTS. 139 AMERICAN EXCELSIOR SCHOOL FURNITURE WORKS. ESTABLISHED 183S. JOSEPH L. ROSS, proprietor: ORIGINAL DESIGNER, INVENTOR, AND MANUFACTURER OF THE IMPROVED MODERN SCHOOL FURNITURE. TO& largest 0f all similar CEstaMislimfats IKT TJKTIOlsr. OFFICES: | Corner of HAWKINS & I VERS STS., BOSTON, 147 GRAND STREET, NEW YORK. An iltustrated Catalogue and information forwarded, on application, by mail or otherwise. Entered, according to Act of Confess, in the year lfi56. by Joseph L Ross, in the Clerk’s Office of the District Court of the District of Mossachuaette. 140 ADVERTISEMENTS. AGRICULTURAL BOOKS. P M. SAXTON & CO., 140 Fulton Street, New York, Publish the following Books for the Country, and will send them, Free of Postage, to any part of United States upon receipt of Price. 1. The Stable Book—the best work 2* The Horse’s Foot, with directions How to Keep it Sound; paper 25 cts , cloth. 3. Browne’s Am. Bird Fancier; pa¬ per 25 cts., cloth. 4. Dadd’s Am. Cattle Doctor, cloth. 6. Dana’s Muck Manual, cloth. 6. Dana’s Prize Essay on Manures,. 7. Stockhardt’s Chemical field Lec¬ tures. Buist’s Am. Flower Garden Di¬ rectory. Buist’s Family Kitchen Gardener Norton’s Scientific and Practical Ai^riculturist. Johnston’s Catechism of Affricul- tural Chemistry (for Schools).. Johnston’s Elements of A^ricul- tura! Chemistry and Geology.. Johnston’s Lectures on Agricul¬ tural Chemistry and Geology.. 15. Downing’s Landscape Gardening 16. Fessenden’s Complete Farmer and Gardener. 17. Fessenden’s Am. Kitchen Gar¬ dener, cloth. 18. Nash’s Progressive Farmer.. 19. Richardson’s Domestic Fowls... 20. Richardson on the Horse—Variis ties. Breeding. &c. Richardson on the Diseases and Management of the Hog. Richardson on the Destruction of the Pests of the Farm. Richardson on the Hive and Honey Bee. Milburn and Stevens on the Cow and Dairy Husbandry. 25. Skinner’s Elements of Agricul.... 26. Topham’s Chemistry Made Easy, for the use of Farmers. 27. Allen’s Treatise on the Culture of the Grape. 28. Allen on t he Diseases ofDomestic Animals. 29. Allen’s .\merican Farm Book. 30. .\lleu’.s Rural Architecture. 31. Pardee on the Cultivation of the Strawberry, &o... 32. Pedder’s Parlner’sLand Measurer 33. Phelps’ Bee-keepei’s Chart. 34. Guenon’s Treatise on Milch Cows; paper 38 cts., cloth. 35. Gunn’s Domestic Medicine—a book for every married man 36. Randall’s Sheep Husbandry. 37. Youatt, Randall, and Skinner’s Shepherd’s Own Book. .38. $1.00 39. 40. . .50 41. .50 , 1.00 42. 1.00 43. .25 44. 1.00 1.25 45. 1.25 46. .75 47. ! .60 48. . .25 49. 50. 1.00 51. 1.25 52. 3.50 53. 1.25 54. .50 55, . ,60 .25 56. 57. .25 58. .25 59. .25 60. .25 61. .25 62. .25 63. 64. .25 65. 66. 1.00 67. .75 68. 1.00 1.25 69, .60 70. r .50 71. , .25 72. 73, .63 74. 3.00 1.25 75. 2.00 76. Youatt on the breed and Manage¬ ment of Sheep .$ -75 Youatt on the Horse. 1.25 Youatt, Martin, and Stevens on Cattle... 1.25 Youatt and Martin on the Breeds and Management of the Hog.. .75 Munn’s Practical Land Drainer.. .60 Stephen’s Book of the Farm, complete, 450 illustrations. 4.00 The American Architect, or Plans for Country Dwellings. f..... 6.00 Thaer, Shaw,& Johnson’s Princi¬ ples of Agriculture. 2.00 Smith’s Landscape Gardening, Parks and Pleasure Grounds... 1.25 Weeks on the Honey Bee: paper 25 cts., cloth.50 Wilson on Cultivation of Flax.25 Miner’s Am. Bee-keeper’s Manual 1.00 Quinby’s Mysteries of Bee-keep¬ ing. 1 00 Cottage and Farm Bee-keeper ... .50 Elliott’sAmerican Fruit Growers’ Guide. 1.25 The American Florist’s Guide.75 Every Lady her own Flower Gar¬ dener ; paper 25 cts.. cloth.50 The Am. Rose Culturist; paper 25 cts., cloth.60 History of Morgan Horses. 1.00 Chinese Sugar Cane and Sugar Making.25 Saxton’s Rural Handbooks. 3 vols 3.75 Bement’s Rabbit Fancier: paper 25 cts., cloth.50 Reemclin’s Vine Dresser’s Manu¬ al. ,50 Neil’s Fruit,Flower, and Vegeta¬ ble Gardener’s Companion. 1.00 Browne’s American Poultry Yard 1.00 Browne’s Field Book of Manures 1.25 Hooper’s Dog and Gun.-50 Skilful Housewife, paper.25 Chorlton’s Grape Grower’s Guide, paper 50 cts., cloth..60 White’s Gardening for the South 1.25 Eastwood’s Manual for Cultivat¬ ing the Cranberry.50 Johnson’s Dictionary of Modern Gardening. 1-50 Persoz on the Culture of the Vine ..50 American Agriculturi.st. 10 vols.. 12..56 Boussingault’s Rural Economy... 1.25 Thompson’s Food of Animals, pa¬ per 50 cts.. cloth ..75 Richardson on Dogs—their Ori¬ gin, Varieties, &c.; paper 25 cts., cloth .50 Liebiv’s Familiar Letters to Far¬ mers.50 Cobbett’s American Gardener.50 ADVERTISEMENT. 141 THE LECHER IS PUBLISHED TWICE A DAY, 3B Y 33 3E3 T Y, PROPr^IETOR, AT NO. 120 KING STREET, EAST OE THE MARKET. THE SEMEWEEKLY, Or UNITED EMPIRE Edition, ON TUESDAYS AND FRIDAYS. THE WEEKLY EDITION", EVERY WEDNESDAY, AND THE PATRIOT, (Weekly), also on WEDNESDAY. TERMS. MORNING DAILY EDITION at FIVE DOLLARS a year in ad¬ vance. otherwise Six Dollars. EVENING EDITION, same terms, THE SEMI-WEEKLY, or UNITED EMPIRE Edition, THREE DOLLARS a year in advance; when not so paid, Three and u Half Dollars. THE WEEKLY LEADER, at ONE DOLLAR a year strictly in ad¬ vance, or Two Dollars if not, paid in advance. THE WEEKLY PATRIOT at the same rate, ONE DOLLAR per annum, or Two Dollars If not paid in advance. Subscriptions to the above papers will not be discontinued till all arrears are paid and ordered to be stopped, unless at the option of the Proprietor. The subscription will run on, and be payable, whether taken from the Post Office or not, till the amount due be paid up. Money can be safely trans¬ mitted thronj'h the Post Office, and when enclosed in a letter “ Registered,” post-paid, and placed in the hands of any Postmaster, it will be at the risk of the Publisher. Such letters, containing money for subscriptions or ad¬ vertisements should be addressed, “JAMES BEATY,” “ Leader” or “Pa¬ triot” Office, Toronto, as the case may be. All receipts for monies will be signed by “ ROBERT BEATY,” no person out of the office having authority to give receipts. TO ADVERTISERS. Advertisements will be inserted in these papers at low rates; the present large circulation, (which is every week greatly increasing,) renders the Leadeii one of the best mediums in Canacla for Notices of any kind. The advertiser must give instructions as to the number of insertions, or the advertisement will be inserted till a written order be given to stop, and will be charged till the order is received. 142 ADVERTISEMENTS. CANADA DIDECTOEY, POE 1857-58. SUBSCRIPTIOM-FIVE DOLLARS PAYABLE ON DELIVERY. To BE Published by JOHN LOV'ELL.., St. Nicholas Street, Montreal. EARLY IN SEPTEMBER, 1857. TO THE PUBLIC. I N THE PROSPECTUS first issued, it was stated that unless on condition of due eneouragement being piven, and a sufficient number of Subscrib¬ ers obtained by the middle of January, instant, the forthcoming Edition of the Canada directory would not be proceeded with. After two months active canvassing of the larger Cities and more opulent Districts of the Country, and a few of the principal Cities in the United States, the Publisher finds th it, owing it is believed to insuffiidency of time, absence of parties and other causes, the ^»ubscriptiou Lists have not yet reached the desired number. Nevertheless, having throughout been favoured with so many unequivocal and gratifying proofs of hearty good-will and a growing public interest in the undertaking,—ihe canvass too, having, so far as it has gone, been highly satisfactory,—and the time for decision come, the Pub¬ lisher (unwilling himself to relinquish Redesign, and strongly urged by others not to relax his exertions) has finally detcrm'ned to go on with the work, —relying on the Press for a continuance of their favorable considera¬ tion, and on the public for co-operation and snppoi t. He therefore now annoum es i otonly to those who have been forward to patronize the undertaking, to whom especially his best thanks are due,* but to the public at large, that tlie woik will he vigorously prosecuted to completion, and the publication make its appearcuce early in September. All who have nut yet ^iven in their names, as Subscribers, are again earnestly solicited to do so; and they will please remember that—unless on condition of actual Subscription—no name can appear in CAPITAL LETTERS m the alphabetical portion, or at all uuder the various classijied headn of the work. The names of FOREIGN Subscribers and Advertisers received up to 1st July will be inserted in the Cana la Directory, in alphabetical order, classiijied under their bunaess heada. with a short description of the Cities or Towns in which they reside. In order to extend its circulation, and make the work as productive as possible of benefit to Subscribers and the Couutry, the publisher has sent Agents to the principal Cities in the United States, where they are now meeting with the most encouraging suciess; and he intends sending to Great Britain and Ireland, Agents, to lake the names of Subsciibers and Advertisers for the work. By such means it is hoped CANADA will be brought prominently for¬ ward, and business subscribers have every advantage arising from the utmost publicity. The Canada Directory will be put to press next month, and issued to Subscribers early in September. All interested in having the work pub¬ lished are requested to send in their names to the Ihinting Office of the undersigned, in St. Nicholas Street, Montreal or to Lovell & Gibson, I’rinters and Publishers, Youge Streetj Toronto. Subscription, 25s., payable on delivery. JOHN LOVELL, Canada Directory Office, Printer and Publisher. Montreal, April, 1856. ADVEUTISEMKNTS, 143 BOOK mo JOB CORNER OF YONGE & MELINDA STREETS, TORONTO. ISAAC ADAMS’ NEW PATENT. LOYELL & GIBSON Beg respectfully to inform the Public that they are prepared to execute every description of BOOK AND JOB PRINTING, SUCH AS BOOKS, PAMPHLETS, BEPORTS; MUSIC PRINTING. JOBS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. PRINTING IN VARIOUS COLORS. At the shortest notice and on reasonable terms. 144 ADVERTISEMENTS. TIIOMPSOK & CO., Soukstlltts, Itnticmtrs, mib |5nnto, 62, KING STREET EAST, T O "R O N" T O, H ave always on hand a varied and extensive Stock of every Article connected with the BOOK and STATIONERY TkADE, imported direct from the principal Mariufacturers of Europe, as well as from those of the United States, on the most advaiitaireons cash terms; which they are, consequently, enabled to offer at most reasonable prices. Standard and approved Hooks always in Stock, and all the new. Books, Periodicals, and Newspapers, whether puaUshed in Europe or America, promptly procured to Order, at Publishers’ Prices. Orders for Books and Newspapers made Daily for the United States, and Weekly for Europe, Orders are likewise promptly executed by the Book Posts from Europe, and mailed direct from the States. WRITING PAPERS AND SCHOOL STATIONERY OE EVERY DESCRIPTION. Plain, tltJchhiiiff, anh ianep 5'tatianeri), of cofrp hfocriptioii. ACCOUNT AND OTHER BLANK PAPER BOOKS Manufactured to Order, and Bound and Ruled to any Pattern. PLAIN, AND XN THB MOST SUPERB ORNAMENTED STYLES. BLANK MUNICIPAL, LRGAL, MAGISTERIAL, & COMMERCIAL FORMS,— ALL THE KINDS USED IN THE PROVINCE, THE CANADIAN MUNICIPAL MANUAL (a new and greatly improved Edi¬ tion, in the Press.) THE CANADIAN EDUCATIONAL MANUAL, Price 5s. Under the joint Editorship of Thomas Hodgins, Esq., B.A., Uiiiv. Coll. Toronto. Sanctioned by the Chief Superintendent of Schools. EVERY DESCRIPION OP BOOK AND JOB PRINTING, Executed in a superior style and on the lowest terms. Six Dollars per annum, or 7^d. per week. "PHE BRITISH COLONIST, Tri-weekly, Two and a Half Dollars per annum. THE WEEKLY COLONIST, OR NEWS OF THE WEEK, One Dollar aud a Half; or in Clubs of not less than Five Copies, ONE DOLLAR per annum. ADVERTISEMENTS. ILLUSTRATED HAND-BOOK OP THE ^eagriiplj]! aiii) Jisforg of §ritis^ ^iiifritii. BY J. GEORGE HODGINS, M.A, JOSEPH BRANDT [Thayendanegea.] W ILL be published about the end of M.\y, a HAND-BOOK OF THE GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY OF BRITISH NORTH AMERICA. This Hand-Book is designed to accompany two Maps of the British Provinces, prepared by the author, under the authority of the Chief Superintendent, for the use of the Public Schools of Upper Canada, and published in the Irish National, and W. & A. K. Johnston’s, Series of Maps. » In addition to the usual Geographical information, this Hand-Book will contain a summary of the History of each of the British Provinces, and a short sketch of the Indian Tribes of Canada, and of the Lives of those individuals whose names are associated with our earlier Colonial History,