a* o GUIDE - ' V *r*. XV VA3STRA7^ COMPII.CI) HY M>HN I. FLINN. - ,<) : i ;T. Donohue & Henneberry Printers Binders Publishers ALL KINDS OF SCHOOL SUPPLIES 407=425 Dearborn Street, = Chicago, Illinois VISIT THE f^I^T ^ Y"^ ^_ 'l&iPf 1 Western Bece^atmer Werks 9*0 & Artistic Gilding and Satisfactory Firing Guaranteed and Promptly Executed COLORS OF EVERY MAKE, DESIGNS AND ALL OTHER MATERIALS FOR CHINA PAINTING ALWAYS IN STOCK, THE LATEST NOVELTIES IN Fine Table GUina and flu Pottem Of countries (France, Germany, Austria, England and America) always in stock Send for Illustrated List, also Catalogue of MATT WAX COLORS and GOLDS of OUR OWN manufacture. GRUNEWALD & BUSHER. 331 Wabash Ave.. CHICAGO. USEFUL GUIDES AND HAND-BOOKS AS WELL AS BEAUTIFUL SOUVENIRS: FLINN'S STANDARD GUIDE TO CHICAGO. Paper binding, 50 cts.; cloth binding, $1; morocco binding, $2; beautifully illustrated and embellished with maps. FLINN'S HAND BOOK OF THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. Paper binding, 50 cts.; cloth binding, 75 cts.; morocco binding, $1. Beautiful full-page, half-tone illustrations of Fair Buildings. FLINNS, GUIDE TO THE WORLD'S FAIR BUILDINGS AND GROUNDS. Paper binding. 10 cts. Elegant full-page, half-tone engravings of the World's Fair Buldings. Any of the above books sent, postage prepaid, to any part of the world on receipt of price. Address, THE STANDARD GUIDE CO., 358 Dearborn St., CHICAGO, U. S. A. [Engraved for The Standard Guide Company.! ADMINISTRATION BUILDING, WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. LSpecimen Engraving from Flinn's "Hand-Book of The World's Columbian Expos. tion."J INTENDING VISITORS TO THE FAIR MAY RESERVE ROOMS IN AD- VANCE, WITHOUT EXTRACHARGE.FOR ANY PORTION OFTHESEASON. BY CO YIMJNI GATING WITH THE GENERAL OFFICE. THE COLUMBIAN UNION OF HOTELS Strictly First= Class; Conducted on the European (plan. INCLUDES THE FOLLOWING: Our Hotels are permanent structures of Stone, Brick and Iron. THE COLUMBIAN CENTRAL HOTEL. NOS. 259 TO 271 SIXTY-SECOND ST. This fine Brick and Stone Structure, which will he opened for business MAY 1st, 1893, is 500 feet from the Central World's Fair gate at Sixty-Second Street, within a hlock of the Elevated Railroad and the Illinois Central and Michigan Central Railroads, and but 200 feet from the principal loop of the Chicago City Street Railway Com- pany, connecting with Cottage Grove and State Street Cables. No more desirable location possible. Visitors to the Fair require no transportation between the Hotel and the Exposition, andean visit the Down Town District for a five cent fare, with plenty of empty scuts DOWN in the forenoon and UP in the afternoon, as the crowds aiv then going in the opposite direction. THE MONTREAL. NOS. 6234- TO 6242 MADISON AVE. Only two blocks from three principal entrances to the Fair, about 200 feet from the Alley Elevated Road, at tJ3d St, and Madison Ave., and only twice the distance from the Woodlawri, 03d Street "Illinois Central" Station. THE WESTERN RESERVE HOTEL. NOS. 6345 AND 6347 WHARTON AVE. Fine ne-w Brick structure, little over half a mile from the Central entrance to Fair at 62d Street and Stony Island Avenue, and but a few blocks from two principal gates to the Midway Plaisance portion. Here the visitor can be retired and quiet, and yet within a short walk of everything of interest, and of all lines of local transportation in every direction. We would advise visitors to reserve rooms in advance. No extra charge. HOTEL ALFONSO. NOS 222. 224,226 AND 228 SIXTY-THIRD STREET. Less than 300 feet from the Transportation Building of the World's Fair and in the very midst of everything the visitor desires to see and at the termini of all lines of local travel to the center of the city, to Englewood, to South Chicago or Pullman. Built of Brick, Stone and Iron. For Descriptive Matter and Rates, Guide Maps, Etc., Write to C. E. DORN & CO., PROPRIETORS AND BUSINESS MANAGERS, General Office, Cor. 62d Street and Stony Island Avenue, (at Entrance to Exposition.) ^- *-> CHICAGO. Bank and other references, both City and Country, on request. Our Guide Map shows location of our Hotels, the World's Fair Build- ings and how to reach them. GUIDE TO THK WORLD'S FfUR GROUNDS, BUILDINGS AND ATTRACTIONS. ILLUSTRATED. DIVIDED INTO SEVEN PRINCIPAL GROUPS AND ROUTES. A HANDY REFERENCE BOOK FOR EVERYBODY. COMPII.KI) }iY JOHN J. FLINN. CHICAGO ! THE STANDARD GUIDE COMPANY, 358 DEARBORN ST Entered according to the Act of Congress, in the year 1893, by THE STANDARD GUIDE COMPANY JOHN J. FLINN, W. S. SHEPPARD, President. Secretary and Treasurer In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C. All Rights of Translation Reserved. We are indebted to the courtesy of the CHICAGO GRAPHIC for the use of the originals of many of the engravings used in this book. THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. CHICAGO, 1893. The gates of the greatest universal Exposition the world has ever seen are open. These gates may be found at intervals around the entire en- closure, excepting at the north end. I propose to conduct you through the grounds and buildings, and, for the sake of convenience, I have di- vided the grounds into six general sections and the buildings into seven general groups. The map accompanying this Guide Book should be studied carefully by the visitor, in advance. Get the location of the start- ing points fixed in your mind, and there will be no danger of confusion afterward. You may select any one of the six groups for your day's itin- erary. I have thought it best, however, to begin with the group compris- ing the buildings and grounds of the States and Territories of the Amer- can Union. May 1, 1893. The State Buildings are all grouped around the lagoon, the Illinois Building, and the Art Galleries in the northern portion of the grounds. The New England States are grouped on the lake shore directly east of the entrance of the route marked on map and north of the Art Gallery Annex. The buildings of the southern States are grouped directly east of entrance of route marked on map and north of Western annex of Art Galleries. The location of the buildings of the Territories of the United States is northeast of the entrance of route marked on map and at the northern extremity of the grounds. The buildings are ranged between the Texas and Iowa structures. GROUP NO. I. STATE AND TERRITORIAL BUILDINGS. ENTRANCE Foot of 57th Street; may be reached by I. C. R. R., or by Cottage Grove Ave. Cable line. Time from center of city by former about twenty minutes ; by latter about forty-five minutes. Ticket booths at entrance. Admission 50 cents. Pass to the right through the nearest turnstile. On entering you cross over a pretty bridge, spanning a small pond. First structure to the right. SOUTH DAKOTA BUILDING. Built in the style of an old French farm- house ; walls of brick ; dimensions 60x72 feet ; assembly hall on first floor, with towering mantels and fireplaces at either end. Cost of building and furnishings about $125,000. A club house for the entertainment of South Dakotans and visiting friends. Turning the corner around this beautiful structure you come to the WASHINGTON BUILDING. This is a unique structure composed entire- ly of material brought from this great northwest Pacific State, and forms in itself an exhibit of the buildings, materials and industries peculiar to that young and vigorous commonwealth ; dimensions 220x140 feet ; exte- rior of timber from the Puget Sound region. Lumber donated by the State Lumbermen's Association of Washington ; main entrance one of the principal features of the building ; of granite, marble and ore quar- 12 GUIDE TO THE WORLD'S FAIR ried in the State. In addition to private contributions the State expend- ed $50,000 in constructing and elaborating- the details of the building. The structure is surmounted by a flagstaff 175 feet high. There are four towers of unique design. The interior contains a vast number of cu- rious, interesting and instructive exhibits. All are welcome. Next in order is the OREGON BUILDING. A structure which fittingly represents this wealthy and prosperous State. The legislature voted $60,000 to cover the cost of Oregon's exhibit, but only a portion of this was used for the build- ing. Passing on, we come next to the COLORADO BUILDING. A granite and marble palace. The Colorado Marble and Mining Company contributed the material for the building. The people of Colorado were early in the field and in addition to the pro- duction of a beautiful building they have filled it with specimens of the mineral, agricultural and the industrial products of the State in great abundance. We pass on to the CALIFORNIA BUILDING. This structure is one of the most attractive and unique on the grounds. It is characteristic of the golden State, and particularly representative of the old Spanish days before California be- came a part of the American Union. The building is a composite struc- ture in style representing both the old Adobe mission, with enough Moor- ish in its architecture to relieve the somewhat sombre effect. There is a charming simplicity of details throughout. The visitor sees from the outside a clear story with a great flat central dome as the crowning feat- ure and the roof garden to heighten the semi-tropical effect. From the ground to the eaves is 50 feet, and to the highest point of the roof proper, 65 feet, while the dome has an elevation of 80 feet. The portions of the roof not devoted to the garden are closely copied from the quaint adobe buildings of the early Spanish settlements, with genuine earthenware tiles, deep red in color, semi-cylindrical and overlapping. The dome and middle portion are tiled with iron plates, curled and shaped like the orig- inal roofing. The material of the walls is wood, staff covered, in imita- tion of the yellowish Adobe of the old age. On the four corners and flanking the dome are towers designed after the Mission belfrey, and in them are swung some of the old Spanish bells that have outlived the Fades and their crumbling churches. The interior carries a gallery giv- ing an area equal to two-thirds of the ground floor. This is set apart for offices, which are grouped so as to command a clear view of the main floor. The ground plan is one vast exhibition hall in which is displayed the products which have made California famous. Total floor space 100,- 000 square feet, of which the gallery affords 40,000, the extreme measure- ments of the building being 500 x 110 feet main width. Cost of the build- ing $75,000. Passing around the avenue and facing north, we find to our right the great ILLINOIS BUILDING. This is the greatest State building of the group and ranks among the main buildings of the Exposition. It occupies one of the most favored spots on the grounds, where to the south, a view is afforded the visitor of nearly one mile over the beautiful lagoon, the GROUNDS AND BUILDINGS. 13 wooded island and the great building's of the Exposition in perspective. Cost of building $250,000. Height with its dome 200 feet. Grand entrance faces the waterway. The structure is placed on a terrace four feet high and in front of the entrances there are stone terraces with railings and sub-structure. The main features are the terraces north and south, the south more important of the two, as from this point may be viewed a panorama of nearly all of the great main buildings as well as of the beau- tiful waterway and the Japanese buildings on the wooded island. The building is embellished with fine carving and statuary, the material being cast blocks of improved composition. To some extent, it is modeled after the State Capitol of Illinois, at Springfield. Its dome has been somewhat severely criticised because of its want of proportion, but this, however, is due to the fact that it is out of proportion not to the Illinois building its- self, so much as to the great domes of the main buildings. The building is splendidly lighted and ventilated. Inside this building may be found exhibits of the peculiar products, industries and arts of Illinois. There is a great display of native woods in the pavilion structures ; a magnificent grotto, topographical, geographical and educational exhibits. The build- ing is open to all at all hours. The memorial hall and school are worthy of a visit. Fountains and flowers decorate the adjacent grouuds and the allegorical statuary of the building is particularly worthy of notice. Walking toward the north and passing the California Building to the left, we come to the INDIANA BUILDING. This structure cost $25,000, is built of Indiana material exclusively, and contains about 6,000 square feet of floor space. The outside walls are of stone, pressed brick and terra cotta ; the roof of tile and iron. Inside finish highly ornamental, of plate, beveled and looking glass, hardwood and encaustic tile. The building serves the pur- poses of displaying in its construction the building material of Indiana, as an exhibit of Indiana's products, and a club house for the residents of the State and their guests at the Exposition. It has ladies' and gentle- men's rooms, lavatories, baggage rooms, dining and lunch rooms, etc. Passing on, still toward the north, we come to the WISCONSIN BUILDING. This is a handsome structure. It is commo- dious, and the interior is arranged with special reference to the products of this wealthy State, which in variety and character make the exhibit one of the most attractive and interesting to be seen at the Fair. It is two stories high, with not less than 10,000 feet of floor space exclusive of porches. The whole structure is built of Wisconsin material. The exte- rior walls are of stone, brick and terra cotta, and the roof of slate, tile or iron made in Wisconsin. The interior is ornamented and furnished with plate, beveled and mirror glass, Wisconsin pine and hardwood, and en- caustic tile. The cost was $30,000. We next come to the MICHIGAN BUILDING. This structure represents an outlay of about $50,000 ; dimensions 100x140 feet ; constructed wholly of Michigan mate- rial. It is finished elaborately and contains many exhibits worthy of at- tention. On the second floor are two large exhibition halls, where the visitor may find Michigan relics, native curiosities, and an assembly room. In other respects it is provided with all the modern conveniences 14 GUIDE TO THE WORLD'S FAIR and accessories of a great club house. We will turn the corner here to the right and pass to the OHIO BUILDING. Location diagonally opposite the great Art build- ing. This structure is distinctive in its style of architecture, and much unlike the other State buildings. It is truly creditable to the great State it represents. Cost about $35,000 ; contains reception rooms, offices for the Ohio commissioners, and the general conveniences of a great club house. It is not as large and cumbrous in appearance as many of its neighbors, nor as gaudy and as ostentatious as some of them. There is a simplicity in the pleasing colonial marble, set off in its monotony by the broad semi-circular portico copied from the State Capitol at Columbus, that renders the building very attractive. It is really a building of the southern type, the Virginians, for instance. It has a great double door- way leading to a large hall. As you enter your attention is attracted by a beautiful stained glass window bearing the arms of the State on a noble background. Under the window is a highly ornamented mantelpiece, and and a cheerful fireplace. The high arched ceiling is beautifully decora- ted. Surrounding the central hallway are gentlemen's and ladies' parlors, smoking rooms, commissioners' rooms, etc. As a whole it is one of the most beautiful of the State structures. We pass around the west side of the Art gallery and its western annex, returning to the point from which we started, with the South Dakota building to our left, and crossing the 57 th street entrance, we find the NEBRASKA BUILDING. It is located on the pond, but faces south and east. Dimensions 60x100 feet ; two stories high ; style of architecture classical, of the Corinthian order ; cost $15,000. One of its features is a magnificent double staircase nine feet wide, which leads from the exhibit room to the second floor. The building is designed as the general head- quarters for Nebraska people and their friends, while at the same time it contains interesting exhibits from the State not classified in the general buildings. Directly opposite, to our right, is the MINNESOTA BUILDING. Dimensions 67x79 feet ; style of architecture Italian renaissance. Framework of wood covered with staff. Entrance through a portico having rusticated dome columns, and over the entabla- ture the name, "Minnesota," on a raised panel. At the extremities of the uncovered platforms at either side of the portico, are statues on square pedestals representing the original owners of the country and early set- tlers of the State, the Indian on one side and the Pioneer Lumberman, with his axe and rifle, on the other. Shields, coats of arms, etc., after the ornamentation. The interior hall is 18 feet high. Cost about $25,000. Passing on, to the right we come to the ARKANSAS BUILDING. This structure has an elliptical entrance from a large circular veranda, which runs the width of the building on the first floor. The object of Mrs. Frank Douglas, the designer, and to whom be- longs the credit of promoting the building enterprise, was to carry out as far as possible a French " rococco " style of architecture, 1 as Arkansas was originally settled by the French. In this, the lady has been surprisingly successful. The interior is tinted and decorated, and all ornamental staff GROUNDS AND BUILDINGS. 17 -work has been brought out in gold. .The flooring of the assembly room is of native woods hard wood and yellow pine. Here may be seen a man- tel of Arkansas white onyx, while columns and vases of onyx and marble are placed in various parts of the building. One of the most interesting features, from an artistic standpoint, is the fountain of Hot Springs crys- tals in the rotunda. This was donated by the ladies of Hot Springs, who raised $1,000 for the purpose. It has a basin 10 feet in diameter, and is illuminated by electricity. The interior is decorated bountifully and beautifully with the choicest products of Arkansas, flowers, marble bust and statuary, paintings and minerals. To our left, diagonally opposite, is the NORTH DAKOTA BUILDING. Dimensions 70x50 feet. A space 46x21 feet in front of the main assembly hall is used as a court-yard. From this yard, the main assembly room is entered through a large stone arch, above which, on the exterior, is an elaborately carved panel containing the coat of arms of North Dakota. The structure is two stories high. It contains all the conveniences of a club house and many interesting ex- hibits. Next to the north comes the KANSAS BUILDING. The building is cruciform in design, two stories high, and cost $30,000, constructed entirely of Kansas material. It has a floor area of 13,934 square feet. The building is 132 feet from point to point each way, surmounted by an oblong glass dome. It is handsome as regards its interior and exterior. It contains an elegant reception room for women. The main front entrance is through a 16 foot arch. We now come to the TEXAS BUILDING. Adjoining the Kansas site and at the extreme northwestern corner of the Exposition grounds. The site skirts 56th St., the northern boundary of the buildings. Dimensions 85x250 feet ; main height 70 feet ; constructed entirely after the style of the old Spanish missions, and is intended to represent the historical Alamo. It is a good example of Spanish renaissance architecture. The front part of the building forms a square 85 feet wide, enclosing a large assembly hall. The general grouping of the building shows that it is flanked on each cor- ner by a square tower, the intervening curtains consisting of two stories of open arcaded loggias. Extending from the main building toward the east is a wing 150 feet long. Texas subscribed $300,000 towards its build- ing and exhibit. The building is one of the most attractive in the State group. The ground surrounding as well as the interior contains exhibits of the products of the wonderful State. We will turn to the right and walk south through an avenue running through two lines of some of the most beautiful of the State structures. The first we come to, directly op- posite the Texas building, is the KENTUCKY BUILDING. This is a typical representation of a South- ern Colonial mansion, one of the distinctive features of which is great pillared porches or verandas. Exclusive of these porches the building measures 75x90 feet. It is finished elegantly, and contains the usual ac- cessories of a club house. One of the features of the Kentucky building is a magnificent display of its peculiar liquid product. The citizens of 18 GUIDE TO THE WORLD'S FAIR Kentucky contributed largely and wisely toward making- their State building creditable and attractive. To the left as we pass down this ave- nue is the WEST VIRGINIA BUILDING. This is a small, but a beautiful struc- ture, and cost $20,000. It has no particular exterior features, but the in- terior is elegantly arranged for club house and exhibit purposes. The next to our right is the LOUISIANA BUILDING. Style of structure the old plantation house, with broad corridors, immense doors and quaint dormer windows. The State of Louisiana contributes largely to all of the great departments of the fair^but its club house exhibits have not been neglected. It is filled with historic relics and curiosities from a State rich in quaint things. One of its features is a Creole kitchen, and in the cafe of the building all of the favored dishes of the Creole State are served. It is beautifully or- namented with art decorations, old paintings and Souvenirs of the Span- ish and French days. Next on our right is the MISSISSIPPI BUILDING. This is a typical southern mansion well worthy of one of the greatest cotton States of the south. It is fitted up principally for use as a club house. Many quaint and curious things as well as creditable exhibits of the products of the State are to be found within its walls. Visitors from all parts of the country are hospitably re- ceived here. To our left occupying a space in extent equal to that of Louisiana and Mississippi, is the VIRGINIA BUILDING. One of the oldest and proudest States of the American Union very appropriately fashioned its building after the home of Washington at Mount Vernon. Cost $15,000. The fact that it is mod- elled after the Washington residence makes it in appearance rather dis- proportioned to the surrounding edifices, because the Washington resi- dence was not a large one, by any means, nor a particularly attractive one. Hundreds of thousands of people have sailed down the Potomac to visit this historic structure. They will find it here in exact duplication. Naturally it is filled with relics of the old Colonial and Revolutionary days. No State in the union has more to offer in this line than Virginia and her public officials and private citizens have been generous in their loans. Much of the furniture of the Mount Vernon residence is here, as well as relics of the Fairfax, the Lee and others of the old aristocratic families of the State. The Virginia building should be visited by all means, and will doubtless attract large crowds. Virginia hospitality will be dispensed here to all. The next, to our right, at the end of this short avenue, is the MISSOURI BUILDING. Dimensions 90x110 feet. The main portion rises to a height of 60 feet and is surmouted by a tower 140 feet high. Cost, $40,000. The building is graceful in outline and handsome in pro- portions. Style of architecture, Spanish renaissance, somewhat modified to give the most harmonious effect. All the material used in the building is strictly the product of that State. On the first floor is a large rotunda, floored with mosaic tiling. Leading from this are the offices of the Com- missioners and State and City bureaus of information. On the second. GROUNDS AND BUILDINGS. 19 floor are parlors, reception rooms, lavatories, reading rooms, etc. The rooms are arranged with folding doors, so that they can all be thrown into one, making an auditorium which will seat 2,500 people. The women of the State of Missouri provided the furniture of this building, and Mis- souri artists decorated it. No State in the Union has succeeded in mak- ing a more tasteful showing or a more instructive one. It is filled with works of art, specimens of Missouri's products, relics, curiosities, maps, charts, educational exhibits, etc. The great cities of Missouri have vied with each other in an unselfish effort to the making of this club house one of the most beautiful of the State group. We will turn to the left that we may not miss two buildings which deserve our attention. These face the southwestern annex of the art gallery. The first, directly in .the rear of the Missouri building, is the TENNESSEE BUILDING. A very creditable structure, and the next is the GEORGIA BUILDING. These States were rather backward in making provision for their structures, and consequently have failed to some ex- tent when compared with their surroundings. We are again on the main avenue extending east and west from the 57th street entrance. To our right, is the southwestern annex of the art gallery and the land front of the Art building proper. Here is a beautiful park laid out in the highest style of landscape gardening, at the eastern extremity of which is the southeastern annex of the art gallery. The first building to our left as we pass eastwardly on this beautiful boulevard is the PENNSYLVANIA BUILDING. This is a reproduction of Independence Hall, the structure in which the Declaration. of American Independence was signed, and in which were assembled the first Congresses of the United States. Before entering the building the grounds surrounding it will attract special attention. The landscape gardening was placed in charge of William Hamilton, superintendent of the Parks of Alleghany. He has succeeded in making a beautiful exhibit of the foliage and flora of the State. The frame of the building has cast iron based plates, chan- nel and plate columns. If permitted, it might stand for a century. The lower part of the building is of Philadelphia pressed brick, while the top is made of wood, iron and plaster. An orange tint is given to the entire structure, and other bright colors to break the monotony. In the interior are elegant reception rooms for ladies and gentlemen, smoking, toilet and cloak rooms, ladies' parlors, press correspondents' rooms, etc. The entire height of the building is 165 feet ; cost of building together with transportation of displays contained inside about $300,000. The building is filled with historical relies. Among these which the visitor will not fail to see is the old Liberty Bell, which will hang in the tower ; the chair in which Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence ; the table on which the Declaration was signed ; the inkstand then used ; Thomas Jefferson's sword ; a sofa belonging to Washington ; French bowl used by Washington ; the baby clothes of John Quincy Adams ; the yoke of the old Liberty Bell ; Reale's portrait of Washington, being the first ever printed ; the first lightning rod invented by Benjamin Franklin ; the electrical machine invented by Franklin ; the original model of John 20 GUIDE TO THE WORLD'S FAIR Fitch's steamboat ; fans used by Franklin at the court of France ; Frank- lin's standing clock ; Thomas Jefferson's thermometer ; a lock of Jeffer- son's hair ; a brewing- jar used by William Penn ; the surveying- instru- ment and chain used by Penn in laying- out the City of Philadelphia ; the lock and key used by Penn on his house ; and Pocahontas' necklace. Many other State and personal relics of a similar nature may be found here. The next to our left is the NEW YORK BUILDING. A representation, slightly modified, of the old Van Rensselaer residence, which for so long a time was one of the most familiar land mards of New York City. The reproduction of the archi- tecture of this old building brings back one of the most interesting periods of our national history, when the now great commercial and financial metropolis of the United States, was only a struggling ambitious seaport. This building has innumerable attractions for visitors. Its dimensions are 90 feet wide by 200 feet long, and three stories high. Inclusive of donated material and decoration, the structure represents an expenditure of more than $150,000. One its features are three columns of specimens of native wood supporting the roof. These columns were gathered in the Adirondack mountains. Each pillar consists of the trunks of three trees twisted into a symmetrical spiral column. One column is composed of a 12-inch balsam, one 20-inch black spruce and one 12-inch tamarack. An- other is composed of a 12-inch red birch, a 20-inch white birch, and a 12- inch black birch, and the third is made of a 12-inch black cherry, a 20-inch sugar maple and a 12-inch yellow birch. Statues of Christopher Columbus, Henry Hudson and busts of George Clinton, the first governor and Roswell P. Flower the present governor of the State of New York occupy niches in front of the building. Among the curiosities is an ancient picture of Hendrick Hudson. The building is well supplied with historical relics. Among them are Washington relics, autographs of all the presidents, autographs of the signers of the Declaration of Independ- ence and famous men of the Revolutionary War ; portraits of famous citizens of New York, including those of all the governors ; model of Ful- ton's steamboat and many other relics dating back to revolutionary times. The New York building is magnificently decorated ; specimens of the highest art in painting and sculpture are to be found en all sides, while every convenience is at hand for those who visit it as a place of rest. Directly opposite the New York building, and at the corner of an avenue running north and south from the southeastern annex of the Art Gallery, is the MASSACHUSETTS BUILDING. This structure is modelled after the old Hancock House, for many years a familiar landmark on Beacon street, Boston. The building is constructed of Massachusetts granite. An an- cient fore-court, enclosed with a fence, is filled with the most noted flowers of the Bay State. In many respects this reproduction of John Hancock's residence is considered to be one of the most artistic buildings in the north end of the grounds. It is strictly colonial in style. Inside may be seen oil portraits of the men whose names are associated with the history of the oldest colony and State of the Union. Beginning in 1623 the series of portraits of famous men continues up to recent years. Those of John GROUNDS AND BUILDINGS. 23 Endicott and Robert Winthrop occupy conspicuous places. Among those which will attract most attention are the portraits of Wendell Phillips, Thomas Adams, Daniel Webster and Charles Sumner. Besides the por- traits the building contains many notable works of art, relics and curios- ities, particularly of the Colonial and Revolutionary period. Passing north on this avenue we next come to the RHODE ISLAND BUILDING. It is a two-story structure, modelled after the Doric style of architecture with towering pillars resting on porches at either end. The entrance at the front is through three circular arches into a circular porch twenty feet in diameter, which opens into the main hall, 20x42 feet. This building has numerous reception rooms, ladies' rooms, smoking rooms, etc., and is used as a State headquarters and club house. Its cost is $10,000. In exterior it is one of the most attractive of the New England group, and is to some extent a reproduction of the Old Stone Mill at Newport. At the close of the Exposition this beautiful little structure will be presented by the State of Rhode Island to the City of Chicago. Directly opposite the Rhode Island building, to the left, is the DELAWARE BUILDING. Dimensions 58x60 feet ; cost $7,500. Built by private subscription of citizens of Delaware ; constructed wholly of native woods and materials. Principal feature, a room fitted up in Colonial style with hangings, pictures and furniture, all in representation of Colo- nial days. The next to our left, is the MARYLAND BUILDING. It is a structure on the Colonial style of arch- itecture, including a center building of two stories, with a wing on each side, of the same height. The wings, and a portion of the first floor of the main building are used as Exhibition Halls. The first floor of the main building contains reading rooms and rooms for ladies. The second floor is similarly arranged for the use of men. Cost $35,000. Directly opposite, at the northeast corner of the avenue, is the NEW JERSEY BUILDING. This is a reproduction of Washington's headquarters at Morristown ; dimensions 40x60 feet, two stories high, with a 16x20 foot wing. Cost, $15,000. The building is Colonial in style, rather plain, but is filled with relics of revolutionary days, and with ex- hibits of New Jersey products and industries. It is ornamented in the in- terior with beautiful photographic views of New Jersey's celebrated sea- side resorts. We must turn to the left at this point, and in the rear of the Delaware and Maryland Buildings, we will find the NORTH CAROLINA BUILDING. Facing the extreme Northern Avenue of the Exposition grounds, and opposite the Utah and Nevada Buildings. The citizens of North Carolina met with many obstacles, legal difficulties having arisen as to the State's appropriation, but at a late day all these were overcome, to some extent, and the old State makes a creditable showing in the group and in all of the departments of the Exposition. We find ourselves once more close to the Texas Building, and looking north on a short avenue, we find to our right the UTAH BUILDING. Following this toward the east are the buildings of Nevada, Idaho, New Mexico, Arizona, Wyoming, Montana, Iowa and the Iowa Corn Palace, or the old Pavilion of Jacksoa Park. Turning 1 24 GUIDE TO THE WORLD'S FAIR toward Lake Michigan we will view them in the order named. The Utah Building is two stories in height, 48x84 feet in surface extent, and 60 feet to its highest point. Ionic columns and pilasters form the main supports and guard the doors and windows. The central interior has a circular well extending from the ground floor to the dome skylight. Around this space are arranged the ladies' and gentlemens' reception and Commis- sioners' rooms. The exhibits are arranged around the wall space on the two floors. These are representative of the industries of the State, and include agricultural, manufactured and mined products. Of the latter, gold, silver and sulphur are the principal ones. With them are shown plans illustrating the methods of reducing sulphur and the handling of borax and rock salt found in some parts of the Territory as clear as crys- tal. Standing just before the main entrance is a f ac-simile of the famous "Eagle Gate," which in Salt L,ake City stands before the Mormon Tem- ple. The gilded eagle, with outstretched wings,- symbolizing hospitable protection to all who may seek it, rests on four flaring supports, which slope from the center to the sustaining columns. Apart from its association with polygamy, it is simple, tasteful and pleasing in appearance. A min- iature of the great Salt L/ake is shown in front of the building also. The cost of the territorial exhibit was $60,000. Next comes the site allotted to the NEVADA BULDING. Concerning this building little can be said, as no positive preparations were made by the State for its exhibit. Next, how- ever, comes the IDAHO BUILDING. This is a Colonial building with balconies ; rath- er a novel structure. The entrance is from grade level and through a large arch. The visitor should not overlook this structure. The Mica Hall in the interior is something in itself extremely novel and wonderful. Mica for practical use is found in but one other State in the Union North Carolina. Idaho has the finest mica in the world, and sheets 12x20 inches are taken out of the McConnell mine in L/atah County, that are almost as clear as glass. The owners of this mine donated $3,000 worth of mica for the decoration of the hall. The windows and panels in the doors are made of mica, and the wainscoting and other woodwork is covered with the same material. This hall runs transversely through the second story of the building, and at each end opens out onto a broad veranda. In ad- dition to the Mica Hall, the interior of the building is made interesting by the display of the beautiful specimens from the agate fields. Sapphires, onyx, gold and other minerals are displayed in abundance. The visitor should not fail to examine the Idaho disply in the Mines and Mining building. We now come to the TERRITORIAL BUILDING. Erected for the joint use of New Mexico, Arizona and Oklahoma. The site given to the territorial building occu- pies a space of 120 feet square. Of this the first 20 feet is devoted to a fine lawn. Sixty feet back is a terrace, upon which stands the building, a three-story structure of staff, surmounted by a roof garden. The grounds are profusely decorated with cacti and other plants from Arizona. The roof garden contains specimens of all the flora of New Mexico and Ari- zona. The building contains reception rooms, offices, dining rooms and GROUNDS AND BUILDINGS. 25 other apartments for the comfort and entertainment of those who visit the fair from the three territories. It does not contain any of the Terri- torial exhibits, space for those having- been reserved in the general de- partment buildings of the Exposition. Inside, however, are displayed some of the rarest objects of interest of the localities represented, among them being a magnificent archaeological exhibit and rare paintings, a few of which are known to be over 600 years old. New Mexico, Arizona, and Oklahoma contribute very largely to the exhibits in the Mines and Mining and the Agricultural buildings. Passing the Territorial Build- ing, we come to the WYOMING BUILDING. Dimensions 70x50 feet. The first story con- tains a large hall extending to the roof with a gallery at the secoud floor. A veranda 12 feet wide is on the east and west sides. The building is in the French Chateau style and the panels of the main Frieze exterior con- tain elaborately wrought hunting and pastoral scenes. The interior contains many interesting exhibits. Next we come to the MONTANA BUILDING. Montana has been foremost among the great northwestern States in contributing toward making the great Exposition a success. The Montana building is a creditable one and represents a large outlay. It is constructed for the purpose of a club house and State headquarters, but is well filled with curious and costly specimens of the wonderful mining industries of the State. The visitor, however, to see the Montana exhibit in its glory, must not fail to witness the display made in the mines and mining building, where a solid life-size statue of a beautiful woman in silver is exhibited among other curios and costly things. Over thirty-five tons of minerals are exhibited We now come to the IOWA BUILDING. The main building is directly in the rear of the original Jackson Park pavilion. It has a frontage on the Esplanade of 200 feet, while, with the pavilion, which is used as the " Corn Palace " it has a lake front spread of 250 feet. The main building is two stories high and 108x60 feet. The Exhibition Hall is 123x77 feet and its ceiling 20 feet in the clear. Immense galleries are constructed to accomodate thou- sands of people. The decoration of the CORN PALACE. Is one of the most unique features to be found in the State group. The exhibit is made in the form of a miniature model of the Iowa State Capitol building, is constructed of a framework of steel with porticos, columns, and a lavish use of glass, with compartments for the reception of samples of grain and seeds grown and contributed by the farmers of Iowa. The Corn Palace, as has been said, is the old Jackson Park pavilion, remodelled and to some extent, enlarged. The main hall is decorated in all sorts of colors and with fantastic figures composed of Iowa grains, grasses and minerals. Entering the main hall the visitor sees a magnificent dome hung with corn of every color. On the walls of the room are bas-reliefs of agricultural figures done in grains and grasses. There are also a number of supporting columns covered with grains. There is more of the unique and the curious than of the aesthetic and the artistic to be witnessed within this hall. As an evidence of what 26 GUIDE TO THE WORLD'S FAIR may be accomplished in a decorative way by the use of such material, the exhibit is certainly a wonderful one. The designer however, has at times overreached himself in attempts to produce impossible figures. At any rate, the Iowa Corn Palace will attract an extraordinary amount of atten- tion and not a little admiration even from the most critical visitors. We are now facing- the blue waters of Lake Michigan, and as we walk south from the Corn Palace, we pass first, the CONNECTICUT BUILDING. This handsome structure faces the lake. Like the other buildings of the New England group it is Colonial in style. Cost $9,870, and built entirely of Connecticut material. The interior is finished after the usual headquarters and club fashion, and contains many beautiful and useful things as well as relics and art treasures. Next in order to our right, facing the lake as we walk toward the south, is the NEW HAMPSHIRE BUILDING. This is also of the Colonial style, pre- sents a beautiful exterior, and is finished in the highest style with all the modern conveniences and accessories of a club house. The next and last of the buildings on this line is the MAINE BUILDING. The material in this building, which is of the Co- lonial style, was furnished exclusively by the State of Maine. Cost of the structure, $10,000. It is fitted up principally as a clubhouse and State headquarters, while it contains many relics, curiosities and historic treas- ures worthy of the attention of the general visitor. Directly in the rear of this building, and the last of the State structures which we shall visit is the VERMONT BUILDING. This structure faces the southeastern annex of the Art Gallery. It is one of the most original on the grounds. On the right and left of the steps on the facade rise two shafts, on which are al- legorical figures, representing the industries of agriculture and quarry- ing the two principal industrial activities of the State. The visitor enters through a columned portico into a court yard, on the right and left of which are covered porches with broad seats. Just off these are the re- ception rooms in front and the Committee Room, Post Office, etc., in the rear. In the center of the court is a handsome marble fountain. Marble from Vermont is used throughout the entire interior. Facing the end of the court is a porch, supported by four caryatids, over which is a semi- circular Greek window with bas-relief around it, representing " Freedom and Unity." The coat of arms is in the center. The style of architecture is pompeiian. In this building may be found much that will interest the visitor, as an effort has been made to collect the historical relics, portraits, old paintings, etc., of the State. GROUP NO. II. T1JE ART GALLERY, THE FISHERIES AND FOREIGN BUILDINGS. ENTRANCE Foot of 57th street; maybe reached by I. C. R. R. or by Cottage Grove Ave. Cable line. Time from center of city by the former, about twenty minutes ; by the latter, about forty-five minutes. Ticket booths at entrance. Admission SO cents. Passing through turnstile walk GROUNDS AND BUILDINGS. 29 directly across bridge over pond toward the East. The first building of prominence in this group is the magnificent ART GALLERY. Turning from the southwestern annex toward the north pond, you may obtain a full view of this classic structure. It has been pronounced the most beautiful building of the Exposition, being purely classic in design. Dimensions in feet 320x500; annexes (2) di- mensions 120x200; cost $670,000. The building is oblong, intersected north, south, east and west by a great nave and transept 100 feet wide and 70 feet high, at the intersection of which is a great dome 60 feet in diam- eter. The building is 125 feet to the top of the dome, which is surmount- ed by a colossal winged figure of Victory. The transept, lighted entirely from above, has a clear space of 60 feet. On either side are galleries 20 feet wide, 24 feet above the floor. Sculpture is displayed upon the main floors of the naves and transept, and on the walls of the ground floors of both the galleries is ample space for the display of paintings and panels in bas-relief. The corners made by the crossing of the nave and transept are used for small picture galleries. Outside galleries 40 feet wide form a continuous promenade around the entire building. Between the prom- enade and the nave are small rooms devoted to private collections of paintings and various art displays. On either side are one-storied annex- es, 120x200 feet. Grand flights of steps lead up to the richly sculptured great portals, and the walls of the loggia of the colonnades are gorgeously adorned with mural paintings illustrating the history and progress of art. The exterior frieze and the pediments of the principal entrances are em- bellished by reproductions in statuary of the gems of ancient art. The construction of the entire building is necessarily fire-proof and the gen- eral tone is light gray stone. No wood is used, the materials being brick, staff, iron and glass. The very panes in the windows are set in iron frames. This structure of wondrous beauty and attraction is located at the south side of the most highly improved portion of the park, with the south front directly on the north lagoon. It is separated from the lagoon by beautiful terraces ornamented with balustrades, with an immense flight of steps. Prom the main portal there is a landing for'boats. The north front faces the wide open lawn and the group of State Buildings. The immediate neighborhood of- the building is ornamented with groups of statues, replicas, ornaments of the classic art, such as Choragic monu- ments, the " Cave of the winds," and other beautiful examples of Grecian art. The ornamentation also includes statues of heroic and life-sized pro- portions. Within this building are exhibited the Fine Art Exhibits col- lected from every part of the civilized world. These are grouped as fol- lows : Sculpture figures and groups in marble ; casts from original works by modern artists, models and monumental decorations ; bas-reliefs in marble or bronze ; figures and groups in bronze ; bronzes from circ- perdue ; paintings in oil ; paintings in water colors ; paintings on ivory, on enamel, on metal, on porcelain or other wares ; fresco painting on walls ; engravings and etchings, prints, chalk, charcoal, pastel and other drawings ; antique and modern carvings ; engravings in medallions or in gems ; cameos, intaglios ; exhibits of private collections. The wall space demanded by the artists of great Britain and Ireland, Germany, France, 30 GUIDE TO THE WORLD'S FAIR Belgium, Spain, Italy, the Netherlands, Denmark and Sweden, Russia, South America and all foreign countries as well as by the artists of the United States, was so great that the chief of this department, at an early day, became fearful lest he should not be able to provide adequately for all. The building is, perhaps, the greatest Art Gallery ever constructed for such a purpose, but every inch of available space is occupied. This much is said in order to illustrate what the visitor may expect as he enters the magnificent structure. In a work of this kind, it would be impossible to point out specific exhibits. Let it suffice to say that in this collection is gathered the greatest works of ancient, mediaeval and modern sculp- tors, painters and decorators. Leaving the Art Gallery and passing along the loggia toward the east we come, at the northeast corner of the North Pond, to the GUATEMALA BUILDING. A beautiful structure erected as a headquar- ters and club house for the Guatemalian Commissioners and visitors. Directly to the south of this, facing the North Pond, is the COSTA RICA BUILDING. Another beautiful structure, fitted up as a club house and headquarters. North of this, and on the other side of the Guatemalian Building, is the ECUADOR BUILDING. A structure very creditably representing one of the most progressive of the South American Republics. Farther north, and occupying a space directly on the Lake Shore, is the FRENCH BUILDING. Opposite the Ecuador aud Guatemala buildings is the NORWEGIAN BUILDING. And on the L