imm 
 
 BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTRIBUTIONS NO. 6 
 
 LABOR HISTORY IN THE UNITED STATES 
 
 A General Bibliography 
 
 INSTITUTE OF LABOR AND INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS 
 
 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS
 
 LI B RARY 
 .. OF THE 
 
 UNIVER.5ITY 
 Of ILLINOIS 
 
 0163310973 
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 Hii/juiii tr.'jiiorty suKVfet 
 
 LIBRARY
 
 BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTRIBUTIONS NO. 6 
 
 LABOR HISTORY IN THE UNITED STATES 
 
 A General Bibliography 
 
 Compiled by Gene S. Stroud and Gilbert E. Donahue 
 
 INSTITUTE OF LABOR AND INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS 
 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS, URBANA, 1961
 
 Manufactured in the United States of America. 
 Library of Congress Catalog Card No. A6 1-9096.
 
 0/<i, 33/6773 
 
 PREFACE 
 
 In 1953, the University of Illinois Institute of Labor and Industrial 
 Relations published Ralph E. McCoy's History of Labor and Unionism 
 in the United States: A Selected Bibliography as the second in its new 
 Bibliographic Contributions series. In the preface of that compilation of 
 1,024 titles. Professor McCoy stated: 
 
 This contribution is largely an assemblage of secondary works published sepa- 
 rately, i.e., books and pamphlets. Some of the items are surveys of existing 
 conditions rather than histories, but have attained historical value with the 
 passing of time. The term "labor" is used in a broad sense to include working 
 conditions, labor-management relations, and government regulation of industrial 
 relations. 
 
 This broad approach to the compilation of materials on labor history as 
 well as the bibliography itself were favorably received, and the publica- 
 tion was soon out of print. 
 
 Basic to the McCoy bibliography were standard books, monographs, 
 and pamphlets on labor history and related accounts of specific events, 
 movements, or organizations which influenced the development of trade 
 unionism in the United States. Those works, whether scholarly or pop- 
 ular, which reported the political, economic, and social conditions by time 
 periods also were part of the basic list. A few non-statistical government 
 documents and publications were included, as were some pamphlets 
 which concerned events and issues not reported in other forms. Addi- 
 tional items, referred to in the preface as "marginal material," were 
 listed for convenient reference. 
 
 Professor McCoy's compilation excluded government statistical reports, 
 union proceedings and journals, unpublished theses, articles in periodi- 
 cals, and most general histories containing only chapters or sections on 
 the American labor movement. Also excluded were business histories and 
 general works on radicalism, Utopias, and cooperatives, unless they related 
 specifically to trade unionism. 
 
 The continuing need for a reference tool of wide scope and the desir- 
 ability of including recently published materials led the Institute's Library 
 Committee, in 1958, to approve and encourage preparation of a successor 
 to the original bibliography. Labor History in the United States: A 
 General Bibliography is the successor. 
 
 In selecting material for the new bibliography, McCoy's definition of 
 labor history was extended to include a wide range of concepts, forces, 
 events, and issues that influenced, however slightly, the development of 
 the labor movement in the United States up to the end of World War II 
 in 1945. Hence, material from what has traditionally been defined as the
 
 core area of labor history is supplemented with tangential data. In part, 
 the problems of definition in labor history are posed because labor history 
 has been treated by economists and industrial relations specialists rather 
 than by general historians. It is hoped that this bibliography not only 
 documents the range of forces that shaped labor unionism in the United 
 States, but also stimulates fresh approaches to the writing of labor history. 
 
 The scope of this bibliography is best described by comparing the bases 
 of inclusion and exclusion used in it with those of the earlier work. Most 
 of the items in the McCoy list have been retained; types of materials 
 deleted were those in mimeograph, manuscript, or microfilm form, un- 
 translated foreign publications, works on Canadian labor, and pamphlets 
 of fewer than fifty pages published since 1886. Pamphlets which were 
 retained, or added to the original list, were those especially relevant to a 
 specific topic or providing information not found elsewhere. At best, the 
 present pamphlet selection represents only a minute sampling of what 
 is available. A separate bibliography of pamphlets is needed to give ade- 
 quate coverage to the thousands which have been published on labor 
 unionism and related subjects. Separate bibliographies of Canadian 
 labor history and of untranslated foreign publications on American labor 
 history would also be useful. 
 
 This bibliography has been expanded in scope to include some of the 
 materials excluded in the McCoy compilation: statistical summaries and 
 studies relating to wages and hours, living cost, productivity, employment 
 and unemployment, work stoppage, social security, and health and wel- 
 fare activity. Bulletins and reports of the U.S. Department of Labor and 
 the Bureau of Labor Statistics were examined, and those germane to the 
 scope of this bibliography were included. Resources did not permit a 
 detailed search of all the reports and documents of Congressional com- 
 mittees, industrial commissions, and investigatory and fact-finding boards, 
 but the best known and most frequently cited were listed. Partial cover- 
 age also has been given to the histories and activities of state and federal 
 administrative and regulatory agencies in labor areas. 
 
 Additional biographies and autobiographies of labor leaders, as well as 
 some public figures and industrialists who have been prominent in the 
 history of the labor-management relationship, were located. Books and 
 monographs using the case study approach to collective bargaining, arbi- 
 tration, labor law, and human relations appear also. 
 
 While the earlier work explicitly excluded articles in periodicals, the 
 new bibliography cites a number of articles and collections of articles 
 which appeared in special or topical issues of journals, anthologies, or 
 encyclopedias. Again, only partial coverage is given to this important
 
 area.* Journal articles and symposiums which are included provide 
 summaries of contemporary thought regarding labor at a particular time 
 period. Other additions to the earlier compilation have been largely the 
 result of extending the coverage, in depth and in terms of numbers of 
 items, of the various subject areas. As in the McCoy bibliography, a 
 certain amount of "marginal material" has been listed. 
 
 An attempt has been made to maintain consistency in style and in the 
 information included in both individual and series entries. Publishers 
 were identified, where possible, by the name used in the Cumulative 
 Book Index. Such notations as "n.p." and "n.d." were eliminated ; where 
 information about place, publisher, date, or pagination does not appear, 
 it was not available in the sources used in the compilation. Parenthetic 
 notations identify series or otherwise describe the origin of the material 
 and are not intended to present any normative connotations. Where the 
 sources used indicated that subsequent editions of a book differed ma- 
 terially from earlier editions, the latest edition was listed and a paren- 
 thetic notation provides basic information about the original version. 
 
 Experience demonstrated that the arrangement of the McCoy com- 
 pilation was both practical and useful in a bibliography which embraced 
 a variety of separate, though often interrelated, subjects. Consequently, 
 the 2,022 items in the new listing are numbered in alphabetical order by 
 author, or by issuing agency in the case of publications of governmental 
 agencies and some private organizations, as they were in the earlier work. 
 If the issuing agency credits an individual as author, editor, or compiler, 
 an unnumbered entry is made under his name, and a cross reference to 
 the numbered entry is provided. 
 
 Preparation of the Subject Index has also followed the general arrange- 
 ment used by Professor McCoy, and a majority of the entries from that 
 bibliography have been retained with no change in their indexing. Where 
 changes were made, it was to reclassify the items to conform to the 
 additional index heads and subheads needed to preserve the usefulness 
 of such a large compilation. Wherever possible, the added items were 
 examined before they were indexed. Some, however, were not available, 
 and in these cases the classification was based on Library of Congress 
 catalog cards, book reviews, or the suggestions of persons acquainted with 
 the publication. 
 
 An effort was made to classify the subject matter of each item by its 
 
 * A comprehensive bibliography of journal articles related to labor history 
 is being prepared as Number 7 in the Institute's Bibliographic Contributions 
 series. It will list articles from various local, state, regional and subject history 
 journals.
 
 major emphasis as well as by the principal events, concepts, persons, or 
 organizations considered in it. Many decisions as to where an item should 
 be indexed were, of necessity, arbitrary. It was also necessary, whenever 
 a large number of books would be classified under a very general heading, 
 such as "labor problems," to make some mechanical distinction among 
 the items. These distinctions, based on the period during which the 
 items were published or on the period of time covered by them, were 
 made to break large blocks of index numbers into smaller, more usable 
 groups. 
 
 Liberal use of cross references has been made, and many items which 
 are indexed under one or more main subject headings are also listed 
 under subheads of related topics. When two or more subject headings are 
 basically synonymous, the applicable items are listed under only one 
 heading, but a see entry for the alternate headings has been provided. 
 Agencies of the federal government are listed, as they are in the body of 
 the bibliography, in alphabetical order under "U.S." 
 
 Labor History in the United States: A General Bibliography carries 
 the names of Gene S. Stroud and Gilbert E. Donahue as compilers, but 
 it is not the effort of two people alone. Members of the Institute faculty 
 and staff, faculty from various University departments and the University 
 Library, and others who are acquainted with the fields of history, indus- 
 trial relations, or library science, generously contributed suggestions, 
 information, judgments, and advice. 
 
 The primary debt is, of course, to Professor Ralph E. McCoy, former 
 Institute Librarian and now Director, University Library, Southern Illi- 
 nois University. Few compilers of bibliographies have the advantage of 
 starting a project with so much of the basic material collected and 
 classified and the technical problems stated. 
 
 The Institute Library Committee, Professors Milton Derber, Hjalmar 
 Rosen, and Solomon B. Levine, were generous with encouragement and 
 assistance during the planning and research phases of the project. Miss 
 Jo Ann Block and Mrs. Beverly Creek, of the Institute Library staff, 
 prepared, checked, and rechecked the entry cards and collated the ma- 
 terial, and Miss Anice Duncan and Mrs. Sandra Rockhold typed and 
 checked the text and index. Professors Barbara D. Dennis and Archie 
 Green provided editorial advice and supervision during the final stages 
 of preparation.
 
 LABOR HISTORY IN THE UNITED STATES: 
 A GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY 
 
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 9. The Accused: The Accuser: The Famous Speeches of the Eight 
 
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 10. Adam, Hugh G. An Australian Looks at America. Are Wages Really 
 
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 11. Adam, Thomas R. The Worker's Road to Learning. New York, 
 
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 10
 
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 12
 
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 13
 
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 14
 
 (American Economic Association Quarterly, 3rd Series, Vol. 10, 
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 677. Hamilton, Walton H., and Helen R. Wright. The Case of 
 
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 680. The Uprooted: The Epic Story of the Great Migration 
 
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 681. Hanford, Benjamin. Fight for Your Life: Recording Some Activ- 
 
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 50
 
 684. Hansome, Marius. World Workers' Education Movements: Their 
 
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 694. American Labor Dynamics in the Light of Post-War De- 
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 695. The Book of the Amalgamated in New York, 1914-1940. 
 
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 51
 
 699. Harriman, Job. The Class Struggle in Idaho. New York, Labor 
 
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 710. Hass, Eric. John L. Lewis Exposed. New York, New York Labor 
 
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 711. Socialist Industrial Unionism: The Workers' Power. 
 
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 713. Rural Girls in the City for Work: A Study Made for the 
 
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 717. Hawkins, Everett D. Dismissal Compensation: Voluntary and 
 
 52
 
 Compulsory Plans Used in the United States and Abroad. Prince- 
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 721. Third Party Movements Since the Civil War. Iowa City, 
 
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 722. Haynes, George E. The Negro at Work in New York City. New 
 
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 Haynes, George E. See also 1813. 
 
 723. Hays, Arthur C. Trial by Prejudice. New York, Covici, Friede, 
 
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 728. Healey, James C. Foc's'le and Glory-Hole, a Study of the Mer- 
 
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 53
 
 733. Hennacy, Ammon. Autobiography of a Catholic Anarchist. Glen 
 
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 Herndon, John G., Jr. See 1758. 
 
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 739. Welfare Work in Mill Villages. Chapel Hill, University 
 
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 748. Hicks, Obadiah. The Life of Richard Trevellick, the Labor Orator, 
 
 54
 
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 754. Loose Leaves from a Busy Life. New York, Macmillan, 
 
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 759. HoAGLAND, Henry E. Collective Bargaining in the Lithographic 
 
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 760. Wage Bargaining on the Vessels of the Great Lakes. 
 
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 761. HoDGEN, Margaret T. Workers' Education in England and the 
 
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 55
 
 763. HoHMAN, Elmo P. The American Whaleman: A Study of Life and 
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 764. History of American Merchant Seamen. Hamden, 
 
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 765. Seaman Ashore: A Study of the United Seaman's Serv- 
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 767. Iron Brew: A Century of American Ore and Steel. New 
 
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 768. The Rocky Mountain Revolution. New York, Holt, 
 
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 769. The Yankee Exodus: An Account of Migration from 
 
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 773. The Revolutionary Function of the Modern Church. 
 
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 HooKSTADT, Carl. See 1717. 
 
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 778. Horsley, Albert E. (alias Harry Orchard). Confessions and 
 
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 255 p. 
 
 56
 
 779. HosTETTER, GoRDON L,, and Thomas L. Beesley. It's a Racket. 
 
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 780. Hotel and Restaurant Employees' International Alliance and Bar- 
 
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 782. HouRwicH, Andria T., and Gladys L. Palmer. I Am a Woman 
 
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 378 p. 
 
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 792. HoYT, Ray. "We Can Take It": A Short Story of the CCC. New 
 
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 793. HuBERMAN, Leo. The Great Bus Strike. New York, Modem Age, 
 
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 794. The Labor Spy Racket. New York, Modern Age, 1937. 
 
 195 p. 
 
 57
 
 795. HuBERMAN, Leo. The N.M.U. — What It Is, What It Does. New 
 
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 796. The Truth About Unions. New York, Reynal, 1946. 
 
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 797. Hudson, Harriet D. The Progressive Mine Workers of America: 
 
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 799. Hughes, Gwendellyn S. Mothers in Industry: Wage Earning by 
 
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 807. Unemployment Relief and the Unemployed in the San 
 
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 58
 
 812. HuTCHiNS, Grace. Labor and Silk. New York, International Pub- 
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 813. Women Who Work. New York, International Publish- 
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 1904. 
 
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 829. International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employes of the United 
 
 59
 
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 834. The Position of the International Ladies' Garment 
 
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 837. New York Cloak Joint Board. Thirty-Fifth Anniversary 
 
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 60
 
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 311 p. 
 
 61
 
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 65
 
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 85
 
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 86
 
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 94
 
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 95
 
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 1379. The New Immigration: A Study of the Industrial and 
 
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 96
 
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 1 706. Working Women in Large Cities. Washington, Govern- 
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 1731. History of Wages in the United States from Colonial 
 
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 1929-1933. In Two Parts: From Colonial Times to 1840, by 
 Estelle M. Stewart; From 1840 to 1928, by J. C. Bowen. Wash- 
 ington, Government Printing Office, 1934. 574 p. (Bulletin No. 
 604.) 
 
 1732. Housing by Employers in the United States. By Leifur 
 
 Magnusson. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1920. 
 283 p. (Bulletin No. 263.) 
 
 1733. Industrial Relations in the West Coast Lumber Industry. 
 
 By Cloice R. Howd. Washington, Government Printing Office, 
 1923. 120 p. (Bulletin No. 349.) 
 
 1734. International Seamen's Union of the Pacific: A Study 
 
 of Its History and Problems. By Arthur E. Albrecht. Washington, 
 Government Printing Office, 1923. 120 p. (Bulletin No. 342.) 
 
 120
 
 1735. Joint Industrial Control in the Book and Printing In- 
 dustry. By Emily C. Brown. Washington, Government Printing 
 Office, 1928. 234 p. (Bulletin No. 481.) 
 
 1736. Kansas Court of Industrial Relations. Washington, 
 
 Government Printing Office, 1923. 51 p. (Bulletin No. 322.) 
 
 1737. Labor Laws That Have Been Declared Unconstitu- 
 tional. By Lindley D. Clark. Washington, Government Printing 
 Office, 1922. 90 p. (Bulletin No. 321.) 
 
 1738. Labor Laws of the United States, with Decisions of 
 
 Courts Relating Thereto. In 2 Parts. Washington, Government 
 Printing Office, 1914. 2,473 p. (Bulletin No. 148.) 
 
 1739. Labor Laws of the United States, with Decisions of 
 
 Courts Relating Thereto. Washington, Government Printing 
 Office, 1925. 1,240 p. (Bulletin No. 370.) 
 
 1740. Labor in the South. Washington, Government Printing 
 
 Office, 1947. 181 p. (Bulletin No. 898.) 
 
 1741. Labor in the Territory of Hawaii, 1939. By James H. 
 
 Shoemaker. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1940. 
 244 p. (Bulletin No. 687.) 
 
 1742. Labor Through the Century, 1833-1933 . . . Presented 
 
 at the Century of Progress Exposition, Chicago, 1933. Washing- 
 ton, Government Printing Office, 1933. 46 p. (Bulletin No. 597.) 
 
 1743. Labor Unionism in American Agriculture. By Stuart 
 
 M. Jamieson. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1945. 
 457 p. (Bulletin No. 836.) 
 
 1744. Laws Relating to Employment Agencies in the United 
 
 States as of January 1, 1933. By Charles F. Sharkey and George 
 D. Patterson, Jr. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1933. 
 164 p. (Bulletin No. 581.) 
 
 1745. Laws Relating to Employment Agencies in the United 
 
 States as of July 1, 1937. Washington, Government Printing 
 Office, 1937. 237 p. (Bulletin No. 630.) 
 
 1746. Laws Relating to Prison Labor in the United States as 
 
 of July 1 , 1933. By Charles F. Sharkey and George D. Patterson, 
 Jr. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1933. 146 p. 
 (Bulletin No. 596.) 
 
 1747. Michigan Copper District Strike. Washington, Govern- 
 ment Printing Office, 1914. 183 p. (Bulletin No. 139.) 
 
 1748. Minimum-Wage Laws of the United States: Construc- 
 tion and Operation. By Lindley D. Clark. Washington, Govern- 
 ment Printing Office, 1921. 345 p. (Bulletin No. 285.) 
 
 121
 
 1749. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Minimum-Wage Legislation in 
 the United States and Foreign Countries. Washington, Govern- 
 ment Printing Office, 1915. 335 p. (Bulletin No. 167.) 
 
 1750. National War Labor Board: A History of Its Formation 
 
 and Activities, Together with Its Awards and the Documents of 
 Importance in the Record of Its Development. Washington, 
 Government Printing Office, 1921. 334 p. (Bulletin No. 287.) 
 
 1751. Numbered Series. Bulletins 100 through 237 bore series 
 
 titles and numbers. Following is a list of the bulletins in each of 
 the pertinent series. (Some of the bulletins cited here are also 
 cited as separate entries, and are entered in the Subject Index.) 
 
 Conciliation and Arbitration Series. Bulletins No. 124, 133, 139, 
 144, 145, 191, 198, 233. 
 
 Employment and Unemployment Series. Bulletins No. 192, 195, 
 196, 202, 206, 220, 227, and 235. 
 
 Industrial Accidents and Hygiene Series. Bulletins No. 104, 120, 
 127, 141, 157, 165, 179, 188, 201, 205, 207, 209, 216, 219, 221, 
 230, 231, 234, 236. 
 
 Labor as Affected by the War Series. Bulletins No. 170, 219, 221, 
 222, 223, 230, 237. 
 
 Labor Laws of the United States Series (Including Decisions of the 
 Courts Relating to Labor). Bulletins No. Ill, 112, 148, 152, 166, 
 169, 186, 189,211,213,224,229. 
 
 Miscellaneous Series. Bulletins No. 109, 117, 118, 123, 158, 159, 
 162, 167, 170, 172, 174, 183, 208, 222. 
 
 Vocational Education Series. Bulletins No. 159, 162, 199. 
 
 Wages and Hours of Labor Series. Bulletins No. 128, 129, 131, 134, 
 135, 137, 143, 146, 147, 150, 151, 153, 154, 161, 163, 168, 171, 
 177, 178, 187, 190, 194, 204, 214, 218, 225, 232. 
 
 Women in Industry Series. Bulletins No. 116, 119, 122, 160, 175, 
 176, 180, 182, 193, 215, 223. 
 
 Workmen's Insurance and Compensation — Including Laws 
 Thereto. A Series. Bulletins No. 101, 102, 103, 107, 126, 155, 
 185, 203, 210, 212, 217. 
 
 1752. Occupational Disease Legislation in the United States, 
 
 1936. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1937. 58 p. 
 (Bulletin No. 625.) 
 
 1753. Personnel Research Agencies, 1930 Edition. By Estelle 
 
 M. Stewart. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1930. 197 
 p. (Bulletin No. 518, Revision of Bulletin No. 299.) 
 1 754. Prison Labor in the United States. By Herman B. Byer. 
 
 122
 
 Washington, Government Printing Office, 1933. 216 p. (Bulletin 
 No. 595.) 
 
 1755. Prison Labor in the United States, 1940. By Richard 
 
 F. Jones, Jr. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1941. 
 288 p. (Bulletin No. 698.) 
 
 1756. Problems and Policies of Dispute Settlement and Wage 
 
 Stabilization During World War II. Washington, Government 
 Printing Office, 1950. 380 p. (Bulletin No. 1009.) 
 
 1757. Profit Sharing in the United States. By Boris Emmet. 
 
 Washington, Government Printing Office, 1916. 188 p. (Bulletin 
 No. 208.) 
 
 1758. Public Employment Offices in the United States. By 
 
 John G. Herndon, Jr. Washington, Government Printing Office, 
 1918. 100 p. (Bulletin No. 241.) 
 
 1759. Public Service Retirement Systems: United States, 
 
 Canada, and Europe. Washington, Government Printing Office, 
 1929. 223 p. (Bulletin No. 477.) 
 
 1760. Report on the Work of the National Defense Mediation 
 
 Board, March 19, 1941-January 12, 1942. Washington, Govern- 
 ment Printing Office, 1942. 285 p. (Bulletin No. 714.) 
 
 1761. The Safety Movement in the Iron and Steel Industry, 
 
 1907-1917. By Lucian W. Chaney and Hugh S. Hanna. Wash- 
 ington, Government Printing Office, 1918. 299 p. (Bulletin No. 
 234.) 
 
 1762. Strikes and Lockouts in 1944. Washington, Govern- 
 ment Printing Office, 1945. 35 p. (Bulletin No. 833.) 
 
 1763. Strikes in 1942. Washington, Government Printing 
 
 Office, 1943. 30 p. (Bulletin No. 741.) 
 
 1764. Strikes in 1943. Washington, Government Printing 
 
 Office, 1944. 40 p. (Bulletin No. 782.) 
 
 1765. Strikes in 1941 and Strikes Affecting Defense Produc- 
 tion. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1942. 130 p. 
 (Bulletin No. 711). 
 
 1766. Strikes in the United States, 1880-1936. By Florence 
 
 Peterson. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1938. 183 p. 
 (Bulletin No. 651.) 
 
 1767. Summary of the Report on Condition of Woman and 
 
 Child Wage Earners in the United States. Washington, Gov- 
 ernment Printing Office, 1915. 445 p. (Bulletin No. 175.) 
 
 1768. . . .. Technological Changes and Employment in the Electric- 
 
 123
 
 Lamp Industry. By Witt Bowden. Washington, Government 
 Printing Office, 1933. 62 p. (Bulletin No. 593.) 
 
 1769. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Technological Changes and Em- 
 ployment in the United States Postal Service. By Witt Bowden. 
 Washington, Government Printing Office, 1932. 69 p. (Bulletin 
 No. 574.) 
 
 1770. Unemployment-Benefit Plans in the United States and 
 
 Unemployment Insurance in Foreign Countries. Washington, 
 Government Printing Office, 1931. 385 p. (Bulletin No. 544.) 
 
 1771. . . . Unemployment in the United States. Washington, 
 
 Government Printing Office, 1916. 115 p. (Bulletin No. 195.) 
 
 1772. Use of Federal Power in the Settlement of Railway 
 
 Labor Disputes. By Clyde O. Fisher. Washington, Government 
 Printing Office, 1922. 121 p. (Bulletin No. 303.) 
 
 1773. Welfare Work for Employees in Industrial Establish- 
 ments in the United States. Washington, Government Printing 
 Office, 1919. 139 p. (Bulletin No. 250.) 
 
 1774. Wage-Payment Legislation in the United States. By 
 
 Robert G. Paterson. Washington, Government Printing Office, 
 1917. 186 p. (Bulletin No. 229.) 
 
 1775. Work Stoppages Caused by Labor-Management Dis- 
 putes in 1945. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1946. 
 41 p. (Bulletin No. 878.) 
 
 1776. Workmen's Compensation Laws of the United States 
 
 and Foreign Countries. Washington, Government Printing Office, 
 1913. 464 p. (Bulletin No. 126.) 
 
 1777. Workmen's Compensation Laws of the United States 
 
 and Foreign Countries. Washington, Government Printing 
 Office, 1917. 961 p. (Bulletin No. 203.) 
 
 1778. Workmen's Compensation Legislation of the United 
 
 States and Canada. By Lindley D. Clark and Martin C. Frincke, 
 Jr. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1921. 1,211 p. 
 (Bulletin No. 272.) 
 
 1779. Workmen's Compensation Legislation of the United 
 
 States and Canada, as of July 1 , 1926. Washington, Government 
 Printing Office, 1926. 687 p. (Bulletin No. 423.) 
 
 1780. Workmen's Compensation Legislation of the United 
 
 States and Canada as of January 1, 1929, with Text of Legisla- 
 tion Enacted in 1927 and 1928. By Daniel F. Callahan and 
 Charles F. Sharkey. Washington, Government Printing Office, 
 1929. 260 p. (Bulletin No. 496.) 
 
 124
 
 1781. Workmen's Compensation Legislation of the United 
 
 States and Foreign Countries, 1917 and 1918. Washington, Gov- 
 ernment Printing Office, 1918. 477 p. (Bulletin No. 243.) 
 
 1782. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Division of Historical Studies of 
 
 Wartime Problems, 1941-45. Historical Studies of Wartime Prob- 
 lems, Nos. 1-78. Washington, The Bureau. 
 
 1783. U.S. Children's Bureau. Child Labor: Facts and Figures. . . . 
 
 Washington, Government Printing Office, 1933. 85 p. (Bureau 
 Publication No. 197, Revised.) 
 
 1 784. Child Labor Legislation in the United States. By Helen 
 
 L. Sumner and Ella A. Merritt. Washington, Government Print- 
 ing Office, 1915. 1,131 p. 
 
 1785. U.S. Civil Service Commission. Biography of an Ideal: The 
 Diamond Anniversary History of the Federal Civil Service. Wash- 
 ington, Government Printing Office, 1959. 170 p. 
 
 1786. History of the Federal Civil Service, 1789 to the Present. 
 
 Washington, Government Printing Office, 1941. 161 p. 
 
 1787. U.S. Gonmiission on Industrial Relations. Report on the Colorado 
 Coal Strike. By George P. West. Washington, The Commission, 
 1915. 189 p. 
 
 1788. Final Report and Testimony. Washington, Govern- 
 ment Printing Office, 1916. 11 Vols. 
 
 1789. National Erector's Association and International Asso- 
 ciation of Bridge and Structural Ironworkers. By Luke Grant. 
 Washington, The Commission, 1915. 192 p. 
 
 1790. U.S. Congress. First Annual Report of the Commission on Industrial 
 
 Relations. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1914. 79 p. 
 
 1791. U.S. Congress. House. Report on the Factory System of the United 
 
 States. By Carroll D. Wright. Washington, Government Printing 
 Office, 1884. 78 p. (House Miscellaneous Document No. 42. 
 47th Congress, 2d Session, Vol. 13.) 
 
 1792. U.S. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Investigation 
 
 of the Employment of Pinkerton Detectives in Connection with 
 the Labor Troubles at Homestead, Pennsylvania. Washington, 
 Government Printing Office, 1892. 247 p. (House Miscellaneous 
 Document No. 335, 52d Congress, 1st Session.) 
 
 1793. U.S. Congress. House. Committee on Manufactures. Report . . . 
 
 on the Sweating System. Washington, Government Printing 
 Office, 1893. 269 p. (House Report No. 2309, 52d Congress, 2d 
 Session. ) 
 
 1794. U.S. Congress. House. Committee on Mines and Mining. Condi- 
 
 125
 
 tions in the Coal Mines of Colorado: Hearings. Washington, 
 Government Printing Office, 1914. 2 Vols. 2,940 p. 
 
 1795. U.S. Congress. House. Select Committee on Existing Labor 
 Troubles. Investigation of Labor Troubles in Missouri, Arkansas, 
 Kansas, Texas, and Illinois. Washington, Government Printing 
 Office, 1887. 2 Parts in 1 Vol. 623 p. and 477 p. (House Report 
 No. 4147, 49th Congress, 2d Session.) 
 
 1796. Labor Troubles in the Anthracite Regions of Pennsyl- 
 vania, 1887-88. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1889. 
 783 p. (House Report No. 4147, 50th Congress, 2d Session.) 
 
 1797. U.S. Congress. House. Select Committee to Investigate Causes of 
 
 the General Depression in Labor and Business, etc. Depression 
 in Labor and Business. Washington, Government Printing Office, 
 1879. 675 p. (House Miscellaneous Document No. 29, 45th 
 Congress, 3d Session.) 
 
 1798. U.S. Congress. House. Select Committee to Investigate the Causes 
 
 of the General Depression in Labor and Business ; and as to Chi- 
 nese Immigration. Causes of General Depression in Labor and 
 Business. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1879. 468 p. 
 (House Miscellaneous Document No. 5, 46th Congress, 2d 
 Session. ) 
 
 1799. U.S. Congress. Senate. History of Women in Industry in the 
 
 United States. By Helen L. Sumner under the direction of 
 Charles P. Neill. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1910. 
 277 p. (Senate Document No. 645, 61st Congress, 2d Session.) 
 
 1800. History of Women in Trade Unions, 1825-90, through 
 
 the Knights of Labor. By John B. Andrews. Washington, Gov- 
 ernment Printing Office, 1911. (Senate Document No. 645, Part 
 10, pp. 9-132, 61st Congress, 2d Session.) 
 
 1801. U.S. Congress. Senate. Committee on Education and Labor. Re- 
 port upon the Relations Between Labor and Capital, and Testi- 
 mony Taken by the Committee. Washington, Government Print- 
 ing Office, 1883-1885. 4 Vols. 1,196, 1,412, 729, and 857 p. 
 
 1802. Violations of Free Speech and Rights of Labor. Hear- 
 ings before a subcommittee . . . pursuant to S. Res. 266 (74th 
 Congress), a resolution to investigate violations of the right of 
 free speech and assembly and interference with the right of labor 
 to organize and bargain collectively. Parts 1-75. Washington, 
 Government Printing Office, 1937-1941. 27,425 p. 
 
 1803. U.S. Congress. Senate. Committee on Interstate Commerce. Con- 
 
 126
 
 ditions in the Coal Fields of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and 
 Ohio. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1928. 2 Vols. 
 
 1804. Threatened Strike of Railway Employees. Washington, 
 
 Government Printing Office, 1916. 171 p. 
 
 1805. U.S. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Limiting the 
 
 Scope of Injunctions in Labor Disputes. Washington, Govern- 
 ment Printing Office, 1928. 5 Vols, in 2. 
 
 1806. U.S. Congress. Senate. Select Committee. . . . Investigation in 
 
 Relation to the Employment for Private Purposes of Armed 
 Bodies of Men or Detectives, in Connection with Differences Be- 
 tween Workmen and Employers. Washington, Government Print- 
 ing Office, 1893. 271 p. (Senate Document No. 1280, 52d 
 Congress, 1st Session.) 
 
 1807. U.S. Department of Agriculture. A History of the Emergency Farm 
 
 Labor Supply Program, 1943-1947. By Wayne D. Rasmussen. 
 Washington, Government Printing Office, 1951. 298 p. (Mono- 
 graph No. 13.) 
 
 1808. U.S. Department of Justice. Inquiry of the Attorney General's 
 
 Committee on Administrative Procedure Relating to the National 
 Railroad Adjustment Board: Historical Background and Growth 
 of Machinery Set Up for the Handling of Railroad Labor Dis- 
 putes 1888-1940. By Harry E. Jones. Washington, The Depart- 
 ment, 1941. 427 p. 
 
 1809. U.S. Department of Labor. How American Buying Habits Change. 
 
 Washington, Government Printing Office, 1959. 253 p. 
 
 1810. The Law Behind Union Agreements. By David Ziskind. 
 
 Washington, Government Printing Office, 1941. 87 p. 
 
 1811. United States Department of Labor: Twenty-five Years 
 
 of Service, 1913-1938. Washington, Government Printing Office, 
 1938. 71 p. 
 
 1812. The Workers' Story, 1913-1953. Washington, Govern- 
 ment Printing Office, 1953. 143 p. (Labor Yearbook, Vol. IL) 
 
 1813. U.S. Department of Labor, Division of Negro Economics. The 
 Negro at Work During the World War and During Reconstruc- 
 tion. ... By George E. Haynes. Washington, The Division, 1921. 
 144 p. (Bulletin No. 2.) 
 
 1814. Negro Migration in 1916-1917. Washington, Govern- 
 ment Printing Office, 1919. 158 p. 
 
 1815. U.S. Federal Board for Vocational Education. The Turnover of 
 Labor. By Boris Emmet. Washington, 1919. 60 p. (Employment 
 Management Series No. 6, Bulletin No. 46.) 
 
 127
 
 1816. U.S. Federal Security Agency. Social Security Administration. 
 
 Temporary Disability Insurance: Problems in Formulating a 
 Program Administered by a State Employment Security Agency. 
 Rev. ed. Washington, The Administration, 1949. 67 p. 
 
 1817. U.S. Immigration Commission. Immigrants in Industries. Wash- 
 
 ington, Government Printing Office, 1911. (In 25 Parts.) 
 
 1818. U.S. Industrial Commission (1898.) Reports. Washington, Gov- 
 
 ernment Printing Office, 1901-1902. 19 Vols. 
 
 1819. U.S. Library of Congress. Legislative Reference Service. Strikes in 
 
 Defense Industries. Washington, Government Printing Office, 
 1941. 299 p. 
 
 1820. U.S. National Labor Relations Board. Legislative History of the 
 
 Labor Management Relations Act, 1947. Washington, Govern- 
 ment Printing Office, 1948. 2 Vols. 1,680 p. 
 
 1821. Legislative History of the National Labor Relations Act, 
 
 1935. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1949. 2 Vols. 
 3,305 p. 
 
 1822. U.S. National Labor Relations Board. Division of Economic Re- 
 search. Collective Bargaining in the Newspaper Industry. Wash- 
 ington, Government Printing Office, 1939. 194 p. (Bulletin No. 
 
 3.) 
 
 1823. Governmental Protection of Labor's Right to Organize. 
 
 Washington, Government Printing Office, 1936. 174 p. (Bulletin 
 No. 1.) 
 
 1824. Written Trade Agreements in Collective Bargaining. 
 
 Washington, Government Printing Office, 1940. 359 p. (Bulletin 
 No. 4.) 
 
 1825. U.S. National Mediation Board. Fifteen Years Under the Railway 
 Labor Act, Amended, and the National Mediation Board, 1934- 
 1949. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1950. 92 p. 
 
 1826. The Railway Labor Act and the National Mediation 
 
 Board. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1940. 76 p. 
 
 1827. U.S. National War Labor Board. Steelworkers Organizing Com- 
 mittee. Washington, The Board, 346 p. 
 
 1828. The Termination Report of the National War Labor 
 
 Board: Industrial Disputes and Wage Stabilization in Wartime. 
 Washington, Government Printing Office, 1948. 3 Vols. (His- 
 torical Reports on War Administration.) 
 
 1829. U.S. Office of Adviser on Negro Affairs. The Urban Negro Worker 
 in the United States, 1925-1936. Washington, Government Print- 
 ing Office, 1938. 2 Vols. 
 
 128
 
 1830. U.S. Office of Federal Co-ordinator of Transportation. Hours, 
 
 Wages and Working Conditions in Domestic Water Transporta- 
 tion. Washington, Office of Federal Co-ordinator of Transporta- 
 tion, Section of Labor Relations, Section of Research, 1936. 2 
 Vols. 
 
 1831. U.S. Shipping Board. Works Committees and Joint Industrial 
 
 Councils. By A. B. Wolfe. Philadelphia, The Board, 1919. 254 p. 
 
 1832. U.S. Shipping Board. Marine and Dock Industrial Relations Divi- 
 
 sion. Marine and Dock Labor: Work, Wages and Industrial 
 Relations During the Period of the War. By Horace B. Drury. 
 Washington, Government Printing Office, 1919. 203 p. 
 
 1833. U.S. Strike Commission. Report of the Chicago Strike, 1894. 
 
 Washington, Government Printing Office, 1894. 676 p. (Senate 
 Executive Document No. 7, 53d Congress, 3d Session.) 
 
 1834. U.S. Women's Bureau. . . . Conditions in the Millinery Industry in 
 
 the United States. ... By Bertha M. von der Neinburg. Wash- 
 ington, Government Printing Office, 1939. 128 p. (Bulletin No. 
 169.) 
 
 1835. . . . The Development of Minimum-Wage Laws in the 
 
 United States, 1912 to 1927. ... By Mildred L. Gordon. Wash- 
 ington, Government Printing Office, 1928. 635 p. (Bulletin No. 
 61.) 
 
 1836. . . . The Effects of Labor Legislation on the Employ- 
 ment Opportunities of Women. . . . Washington, Government 
 Printing Office, 1928. 498 p. (Bulletin No. 65.) 
 
 1837. . . . Employed Women under NRA Codes. By Mary E. 
 
 Pidgeon. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1935. 144 p. 
 (Bulletin No. 130.) 
 
 1838. . . . The Employment of Women at Night. By Mary D. 
 
 Hopkins. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1928. 86 p. 
 (Bulletin No. 64.) 
 
 1839. The Employment of Women in Slaughtering and Meat 
 
 Packing. By Mary E. Pidgeon. Washington, Government Print- 
 ing Office, 1932. 210 p. (Bulletin No. 88.) 
 
 1840. History of Labor Legislation for Women in Three 
 
 States. By Clara M. Beyer. And, Chronological Development of 
 Labor Legislation for Women in the United States. By Florence 
 P. Smith. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1929. 288 p. 
 (Bulletin No. 66.) 
 
 1841. The Immigrant Woman and Her Job. By Caroline 
 
 129
 
 Manning. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1930. 179 
 
 p. (Bulletin No. 74.) 
 1842. U.S. Women's Bureau. . . . The Industrial Experience of Women 
 
 Workers at the Summer Schools, 1928 to 1930. By Gladys L. 
 
 Palmer. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1931. (Bul- 
 letin No. 89.) 
 1843. , . . Lost Time and Labor Turnover in Cotton Mills: A 
 
 Study of Cause and Extent. . . . Washington, Government Print- 
 ing Office, 1926. 203 p. (Bulletin No. 52.) 
 1844. Negro Women in Industry. By Emma L. Shields, 
 
 Washington, Government Printing Office, 1922. 65 p. (Bulletin 
 
 No. 20.) 
 1845. Negro Women in Industry in 15 States. ... By Mary 
 
 E. Pidgeon. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1929. 74 
 
 p. (Bulletin No. 70.) 
 1846. . . . The New Position of Women in American Industry. 
 
 Washington, Government Printing Office, 1920. 158 p. (Bulletin 
 
 No. 12.) 
 1847. . . . The Occupational Progress of Women, 1910 to 1930. 
 
 By Mary V. Dempsey. Washington, Government Printing Office, 
 
 1933. 90 p. (Bulletin No. 104.) 
 1848. . . . State Labor Laws for Women. ... By Florence P. 
 
 Smith. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1940-1941. 2 
 
 Vols. (Bulletin No. 156.) 
 1849. . . . State Labor Laws for Women, with Wartime Modi- 
 fications. . . . Washington, Government Printing Office, 1945. 4 
 
 Vols. (Bulletin No. 202.) 
 1850. Women at Work: A Century of Industrial Change. 
 
 Washington, Government Printing Office, 1933. 50 p. 
 1851. . . . Women in the Economy of the United States of 
 
 America: A Summary Report. By Mary E. Pidgeon. Washing- 
 ton, Government Printing Office, 1937. 137 p. (Bulletin No. 
 
 155.) 
 1852. . . . Women Street Car Conductors and Ticket Agents. 
 
 Washington, Government Printing Office, 1921. 90 p. (Bulletin 
 
 No. 11.) 
 1853. Women's Occupations Through Seven Decades. By 
 
 Janet M. Hooks. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1951. 
 
 260 p. (Bulletin No. 218.) 
 1854. U.S. Work Projects Administration. Farm-City Migration and 
 
 Industry's Labor Reserve. By Francis M. Vreeland and Edward 
 
 130
 
 J. Fitzgerald. Philadelphia, The Administration, 1939. 67 p. 
 
 (National Research Project Report No. L-7.) 
 1855. Getting Started: Urban Youth in the Labor Market. 
 
 By Albert Westefeld. Washington, Government Printing Office, 
 
 1943. 193 p. (Research Monograph No. 26.) 
 1856. Labor and the Shutdown of the Amoskeag Textile 
 
 Mills. By Daniel Creamer and Charles W. Coulter. Philadelphia, 
 
 The Administration, 1939. 342 p. (National Research Project 
 
 Report No. L-5.) 
 1857. Trade-Union Policy and Technological Change. By 
 
 Harry Ober. Philadelphia, The Administration, 1940. 129 p. 
 
 (National Research Project Report No. L-8.) 
 
 1858. U.S. Work Projects Administration, Federal Writers Project. Labor 
 
 History of Oklahoma. Oklahoma City, A. M. Van Horn, 1939. 
 120 p. 
 
 1859. U.S. Works Progress Administration. Chronology of the Federal 
 
 Emergency Relief Administration, May 12, 1933 to December 31, 
 1935. By Doris Carothers. Washington, Government Printing 
 Office, 1937. 163 p. (Research Monograph No. 6.) 
 
 1860. . . . Cigar Makers: After the Lay-off. By Daniel Creamer 
 
 and Gladys V. Swackhamer. Philadelphia, The Administration, 
 
 1937. 93 p. (National Research Project Report No. L-1.) 
 1861. Federal Work, Security, and Relief Programs. By 
 
 Arthur E. Burns and Edward A. Williams. Washington, Govern- 
 ment Printing Office, 1941. 159 p. (Research Monograph No. 
 24.) 
 
 1862. Migrant Families. By John N. Webb and Malcolm 
 
 Brown. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1938. 192 p. 
 (Research Monograph No. 18.) 
 
 1863. The Migratory-Casual Worker. By John N. Webb. 
 
 Washington, Government Printing Office, 1937. 128 p. (Re- 
 search Monograph No. 7.) 
 
 1864. Rural Families on Relief. By Carle C. Zimmerman and 
 
 Nathan L. Whetten. Washington, Government Printing Office, 
 
 1938. 161 p. (Research Monograph No. 17.) 
 
 1865. Rural Migration in the United States. By C. E. Lively 
 
 and Conrad Taeuber. Washington, Government Printing Office, 
 
 1939. 192 p. (Research Monograph No. 19.) 
 
 1866. Selective Factors in an Expanding Labor Market: Lan- 
 caster, Pennsylvania: A Study of Employment Opportunites in 
 Four Manufacturing Plants in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, 1928-36. 
 
 131
 
 By Edward J. Fitzgerald. Philadelphia, The Administration, 
 1939. 92 p. (National Research Project Report No. L-4.) 
 
 1867. U.S. Works Progress Administration. Seven Stranded Coal Towns: 
 A Study of an American Depressed Area. By Malcolm Brown 
 and John N. Webb. Washington, Government Printing Office, 
 1941. 188 p. (Research Monograph No. 23.) 
 
 1868. The Transient Unemployed: A Description and Analy- 
 sis of the Transient Relief Population. By John N. Webb. Wash- 
 ington, Government Printing Office, 1935. 132 p. (Research 
 Monograph No. 3.) 
 
 1869. Trends in Relief Expenditures, 1910-1935. By Anne E. 
 
 Geddes. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1937. 117 p. 
 (Research Monograph No. 10.) 
 
 1870. Philadelphia Labor Market Series. Philadelphia, The 
 
 Administration, 1937-1939. 8 Vols. (In cooperation with the 
 Industrial Research Department, Wharton School of Finance and 
 Commerce, University of Pennsylvania.) (Vol. 8 published by 
 the U.S. Work Projects Administration, successor to the Works 
 Progress Administration. ) 
 
 1871. Uphoff, Walter H. The Kohler Strike. Kohler, Wis., 1935. 
 
 139 p. 
 
 1872. Van Doren, Durand H. Workmen's Compensation and Insur- 
 
 ance. New York, Moffat, Yard, 1918. 332 p. (Williams College, 
 David A. Wells Prize Essays, No. 5.) 
 
 1873. Van Kleeck, Mary. Artificial Flower Makers. New York, Survey 
 
 Associates, Inc., 1913. 261 p. (Russell Sage Foundation Publi- 
 cation. ) 
 
 1874. Miners and Management: A Study of the Collective 
 
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 1875. A Seasonal Industry: A Study of the Millinery Trade 
 
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 132
 
 1879. Vaughan, Bernard. Socialism from the Christian Standpoint. 
 
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 1881. ViAU, Sister Joseph Marie. The Problem of Hours and Wages 
 
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 1908. Labor in Modern Industrial Society. Boston, Heath, 
 
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 135
 
 1927. Watkins, Harold M. Coal and Men: An Economic and Social 
 
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 1928. Wattles, Gurdon W. A Crime Against Labor: A Brief History of 
 
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 1929. Weaver, Robert C. Negro Labor: A National Problem. New 
 
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 1930. Wechsler, James A. Labor Baron: A Portrait of John L. Lewis. 
 
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 1931. Weeden, William B. The Social Law of Labor. Boston, Roberts 
 
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 1932. Weinstone, William. The Great Sit-Down Strike. New York, 
 
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 1933. The Case Against David Dubinsky. New York, New 
 
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 136
 
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 1967. WiNSLow, Mary N. Woman at Work: The Autobiography of 
 
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 1970. Wartime Experiences of the National Labor Relations 
 
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 1975. Wolf, Harry D. The Railroad Labor Board. Chicago, University 
 
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 1976. Wolf, Herman. Labor Defends America. Washington, American 
 
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 139
 
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 1988. Wood, Charles G. Reds and Lost Wages. New York, Harper, 
 
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 1989. Wood, Clement, and Others. Don't Tread on Me: A Study of 
 
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 140
 
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 2000. The Industrial Evolution of the United States. Mead- 
 
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 2001. Relation of Political Economy to the Labor Question. 
 
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 2002. Some Ethical Phases of the Labor Question. Boston, 
 
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 2004. Wright, Hendrich B. A Practical Treatise on Labor. New York, 
 
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 2008. The Workers: An Experiment in Reality, the East. 
 
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 2009. The Workers: An Experiment in Reality, the West. 
 
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 141
 
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 2018. Zeisler, Ernest B. The Haymarket Riot. Chicago, A. J. Isaacs, 
 
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 2019. Zeisler, Sigmund. Reminiscences of the Anarchist Case. Chicago, 
 
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 2020. Zimand, Savel. The Open Shop Drive: Who Is Behind It and 
 
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 1921. 61 p. 
 Zimmerman, Carle C, and Nathan L. Whetten. See 1864. 
 
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 142
 
 SUBJECT INDEX 
 
 Numbers following the subject entries 
 refer to the items in the body of the 
 bibliography. 
 
 Accidents, 690 
 
 See also Industrial safety, Work- 
 men's compensation 
 
 Actors, 691, 1401, 1716, 1945 
 
 Actors and Artistes of America, As- 
 sociated, 1401 
 Actors' Equity Association, 1716 
 Agricultural labor. See Farm labor 
 
 Air Line Pilots Association, Interna- 
 tional, 994 
 
 Akron, Ohio, 875, 1081 
 
 Altgeld, John P., 29, 122, 247 
 
 American Federation of Labor, 20, 41- 
 44, 304, 397, 401, 582, 583, 635, 
 636, 651, 707, 730, 822, 834, 873, 
 890, 924, 942, 1011, 1040, 1080, 
 
 1174, 1350, 1375, 1603, 1604 
 
 Ancient Order of United Workmen, 
 1426 
 
 Anderson, Mary, 1967 
 Anthracite coal industry, 1378 
 Anthracite strikes and disputes (1887- 
 88), 1796 
 (1902), 382, 395, 1133 
 (1922), 666 
 (1925-26), 79 
 
 See also Mine workers — strikes; 
 Strikes and lockouts — mine 
 workers 
 An ti -labor activities, 1468 
 
 See also Injunction — labor. Man- 
 agement attitudes toward labor 
 Apprenticeship, 63, 443, 718, 962, 
 
 1175, 1180, 1242, 1276, 1475, 
 1669, 1673, 1710 
 
 Arbitration, 8, 25, 61, 127, 486, 580, 
 600, 786, 798, 900, 901, 912, 913, 
 932, 1033, 1044, 1171, 1197, 1234, 
 
 1414, 1517, 1567, 1586, 1668, 1972 
 compulsory, 69, 865 
 See also Mediation and conciliation 
 
 Artificial flower makers, 1873 
 
 Atkinson, Edward, 1960 
 
 Automobile, Aircraft and Agricultural 
 Implement Workers of America, 
 International Union, United, 563, 
 591, 716, 789, 940, 1094 
 Local No. 5, 841 
 
 Automobile workers, 149, 194, 303, 
 468, 535, 563, 591, 940, 1094, 
 1187, 1343, 1495, 1932 
 
 Automobile Workers of America, In- 
 ternational Union, United, 1094 
 
 B 
 
 Baltimore, unions in, 618 
 Barbers International Union of Amer- 
 ica, Journeymen, 675 
 Bargaining, individual, See Individual 
 
 bargaining 
 Bartenders, See Hotel and restaurant 
 
 workers 
 Beal, Fred E., 134 
 Benefit associations, 1426 
 
 See also Labor unions, general — 
 benefit plans and activities; La- 
 bor unions, general — member- 
 ship services 
 Berger, Victor L., 151 
 Berkman, Alexander, 153 
 Billings, Warren K., 775, 1167 
 Bituminous Coal Act (1937-41), 102 
 Bituminous coal industry, 115, 539 
 
 the Blair hearings, 1801 
 Bituminous coal workers. See Mine 
 
 workers 
 Bloor, Ella R. (Mother Bloor), 180. , 
 Bookbinders, 1876 
 Boston, foreign population, 679 
 the poor in, 1653 
 women workers, 197 
 
 143
 
 Boycotts, 265, 375, 954, 1135, 1910, 
 
 1982 
 Brandeis, Louis, 1 1 20 
 Brewery workers, 1442 
 
 Bricklayers, Masons and Plasterers' In- 
 ternational Union of America, 
 132 
 
 Bridge and Structural Iron Workers, 
 International Association of, 266, 
 1087, 1789 
 
 Bridge workers, See Iron workers 
 Bridges, Harry R., 693, 1314, 1903 
 British workers in America, 161, 2010 
 Brownson, Orestes A., 1439 
 Bryn Mawr Summer School, 1447, 
 
 1842 
 Building Service Employees' Interna- 
 tional Union, 112 
 Local 32b, New York City, 258 
 
 Burlington strike, 1089, 1429 
 
 Butchers, 33; Hebrew, 144 
 
 Butler, Richard J. ("Big Dick" But- 
 ler), 271 
 
 California, Hindustani workers, 404 
 labor market, 806 
 labor movement, 392, 1073, 1394, 
 
 1416, 1566 
 laws and legislation, 461, 476, 1201, 
 
 1840 
 migrant labor, 534, 1098, 1615 
 Workingmen's Party, 1545 
 Capital and labor, 24, 86, 131, 189, 
 275, 286, 478, 614, 703, 785, 858, 
 876, 941, 975, 1074, 1078, 1231, 
 1293, 1497, 1573, 1600, 1801, 
 1931, 1941, 1956, 2002 
 Carey, Mathew, 1404 
 Carnegie, Andrew, 19, 298 
 Carnegie Steel Company, 218 
 Carpenters and Joiners of America, 
 United Brotherhood of, 330, 1335 
 
 Casual labor, 1270, 1863, 2008, 2009 
 See also Farm labor — migratory; 
 Migrant labor 
 
 Catholic Worker Movement, 733, 
 1076, 1480 
 
 Centralia conspiracy, 318, 960 
 
 Chicago, clothing workers, 305, 1985, 
 1986 
 collective bargaining, 329 
 construction workers, 323, 1084, 
 
 1164 
 cost and standard of living, 781 
 Negro workers, 736 
 printers, 240, 758 
 revolutionary unionism, 1275 
 See also Haymarket affair 
 steamfitters, 1103 
 stockyards district, 910, 1163 
 strikes (1894), 1544, 1833 
 sweating system, 1218 
 unemployment and the unem- 
 ployed, 1593 
 women workers, 1218 
 
 Chicago Building Trades Council, 
 
 323, 1084 
 
 Chicago Federation of Labor, 454 
 
 Chicago Women's Trade Union 
 League, 1220, 1986 
 
 Child labor, 140, 339, 576, 862, 1041, 
 1050, 1092, 1095, 1111, 1195, 
 1216, 1248, 1381, 1522, 1634, 
 1695, 1705, 1767, 1783, 1784, 
 1877, 1884, 1963 
 
 Colorado, 1196 
 
 Iowa, 720 
 
 Massachusetts, 577 
 
 New Jersey, 529 
 
 New York, city and/or state, 283, 
 672 
 
 southern states, 406, 415 
 
 Chimney sweeps, 1303 
 
 Chinese workers, 227, 1715, 1798 
 
 Church and labor, 35, 72, 87, 88, 249, 
 250, 275, 312, 364, 413, 517-20, 
 566, 700, 733, 827, 828, 890, 
 1045, 1095, 1127, 1190, 1316, 
 
 144
 
 1317, 1423, 1549, 1553, 1905, 
 
 1964, 1987, 2002, 2012 
 Christian sociology, 107, 282, 456, 
 491, 611, 741, 773, 811, 1282, 
 1550, 1552, 1554, 1583, 1626, 
 1879 
 
 Cigar makers, 1860 
 
 Civil service, 621, 1530, 1785, 1786 
 See also U. S. Civil Service Com- 
 mission 
 
 Civil War period, 264, 543, 1110, 1443 
 Class violence. See Violence 
 Clerical employees, 188, 1154 
 unions and unionism, 1211 
 women, 13 
 Closed shop, 146, 863, 1274, 1373, 
 1568, 1638 
 See also Labor unions, general — 
 union security; Open shop move- 
 ment 
 Clothing workers, 697, 1440, 1466 
 arbitration, 1171 
 Chicago, 305, 1985, 1986 
 collective bargaining and collective 
 bargaining agreements, 667, 
 786, 1205, 1383 
 ladies' and women's garment indus- 
 try, 835, 837 
 leaders, 385, 431, 622, 693, 709, 
 
 882, 1516 
 New York (city and state) 695, 708, 
 969, 1101, 1171, 1257, 1287, 
 1315, 1383 
 organizing, 336 
 Philadelphia, 959 
 
 union-management cooperation, 213 
 unions and unionism, 32, 195, 257, 
 474, 692, 833, 834, 836, 926, 
 1009, 1572, 1575, 1576, 1582, 
 2016 
 women workers, 1292, 1955 
 working conditions, 325, 1793 
 See also Textile workers 
 Clothing Workers of America, Amal- 
 gamated, 32, 195, 501, 622, 692, 
 693, 695, 786, 882, 1440, 1516, 
 1579, 1582, 1985, 2016 
 
 Coal industry, 937, 1937 
 
 See also Anthracite coal industry; 
 Bituminous coal industry 
 Coal miners. See Mine workers 
 Coeur d'Alene riots, 815 
 Collective bargaining, 225, 267, 819, 
 864, 1027, 1137, 1152, 1189, 1203, 
 1470, 1655 
 actors, 1716 
 agreements, the law of, 1310, 1810, 
 
 1936 
 agreements, written, 1824 
 case studies, 326, 391, 545, 598, 
 627, 689, 915, 916, 1006, 1076, 
 1144, 1277, 1474, 1487, 1488, 
 1579 
 clerical workers, 1210 
 clothing workers, 667, 786, 1205, 
 
 1383 
 construction workers, 668 
 development of, 407, 590, 864, 984, 
 
 1310, 1436, 1824, 1936, 1961 
 government regulation of, 527, 1611, 
 1969, 1971 
 See also Laws and legislation 
 industry-wide, 1006 
 lithographers, 759 
 maritime workers, 760 
 methods of, 1137 
 mine workers, 176, 537, 565 
 multi-employer, 1013 
 New Deal, 158, 439, 1039, 1527 
 New York, 300 
 newspaper industry, 1822 
 photo-engravers, 993 
 pocketbook workers, 1891 
 pottery workers, 1057 
 textile workers, 1302 
 Colonial labor, American, 111, 217, 
 856, 1079, 1176, 1475, 1504, 1651, 
 1731 
 women in the Southern Colonies, 
 1537 
 Colorado, child labor, 1196 
 coal miners, 1794 
 steel workers, 1469 
 strikes, 87, 129, 853, 971, 972, 1341, 
 1686 
 
 145
 
 Colorado Industrial Plan, 1388 
 
 Colvin, Fred H., 356 
 
 Commercial Telegraphers' Union, See 
 Telegraphers' Union, The Com- 
 mercial 
 
 Commissary system, 345 
 
 Commons, John R., 362 
 
 Communications Workers of America, 
 118 
 
 Communism and labor, 93, 134, 453, 
 455, 465, 474, 548, 555-59, 561, 
 607, 685, 710, 887, 963, 1256, 
 1430, 1445, 1602, 1948, 1988 
 Trotskyism, 291, 1342 
 See also Revolutionary unionism; 
 Labor unions, general — fac- 
 tionalism and rival unionism 
 
 Communists, deportation of, 948 
 
 Company health programs, 1728 
 
 Company pension plans, 979, 982 
 
 Company recreation programs, 1186, 
 1319, 1728 
 
 Company towns, 1732 
 
 Company unions, 466, 467, 1570, 1714 
 
 Company welfare programs, 567, 599, 
 1637, 1773 
 See also Paternalism 
 
 Compensation, dismissal, 717 
 
 Compensation, unemployment. See 
 Unemployment — insurance and 
 compensation 
 
 Conditions of work, See Working con- 
 ditions 
 
 Congress of Industrial Organizations, 
 42, 281, 426, 578, 582, 583, 821, 
 834, 873, 882, 887, 1011, 1122, 
 1164, 1375, 1571, 1900 
 
 Connecticut, laws and legislation, 482 
 unemployment, 1048 
 
 Construction trades and industry, 1719 
 
 Construction workers, 323, 464, 668, 
 1131, 1719, 1947 
 apprenticeship training, 1710 
 
 Convict labor, 1290, 1504, 1677, 1678, 
 1681, 1746, 1754, 1755 
 
 See also Forced labor, Prison labor, 
 Slave labor 
 
 Cooperative movement, 148, 163, 348, 
 532, 903, 1233, 1602, 1979 
 
 Corridan, John M., S.J. [Waterfront 
 Priest), 1346 
 
 Cost of living. See Standard and cost 
 
 of living 
 Cotton workers, 28, 171, 415, 1158, 
 1360, 1489 
 See also Textile workers 
 Court decisions, 481, 1022, 1246, 1738, 
 1739 
 See also Labor and the courts; U. S. 
 Supreme Court and labor 
 Coxey's Army, 1088, 1882 
 Cripple Creek strike, 129, 778, 971, 
 1341 
 
 D 
 
 The Daily Mail Trade Union Mission 
 
 to the U. S., 400 
 Darrow, Clarence S., 403, 1574 
 Davis, James J., 412 
 Debs, Eugene V., 350, 420-22, 602, 
 
 888, 889, 970, 1168, 1266, 1448 
 DeLeon, Daniel, 1294 
 Demobilization of manpower, WW I, 
 
 1720 
 Democratic Party and the CIO, 281 
 Denver, mine workers, 162 
 Department store clerks, See Sales 
 
 employees 
 Depressed areas, 1867 
 Depressions and panics, 186, 324, 386, 
 
 489 
 (1870's), 1797, 1798 
 (1930's), 301, 1421 
 Detroit, Mechanics Educational Soci- 
 ety, 399 
 Disabled and handicapped workers, 
 
 715, 918 
 Disputes, 992, 1750, 1828, 1971 
 arbitration of, 61 
 
 146
 
 railroad workers, 535, 1772, 1808 
 settlement of, 62, 65, 523, 886, 1756 
 telephone workers, 414 
 U. S. President, and, 154 
 See also Emergency disputes; Strikes 
 and lockouts 
 Domestics and servants, 458, 1299, 
 
 1535 
 Dubinsky, David, 402, 431, 1933 
 
 E 
 
 Eight-hour movement. See Hours of 
 
 work — eight-hour movement 
 Electrical Workers, International 
 Brotherhood of, 118, 224, 1114, 
 1182, 1371 
 Ely, Richard T., 488 
 Emergency disputes, 261, 874 
 
 See also Government intervention in 
 labor disputes; U. S. President 
 and labor disputes 
 Employee magazines, 1204 
 Employee representation. See Collec- 
 tive bargaining 
 Employee suggestion systems, 432 
 Employers' associations, 191, 192 
 
 New York, 300, 466, 1170 
 Employment, 143, 505, 1997 
 hiring practices, 907, 1925 
 regularization of, 526 
 See also Unemployment 
 Employment Act of 1946, 96 
 Employment agencies, private, 429, 
 
 806, 1744, 1745 
 Employment agencies, public, 777, 
 
 806, 1592, 1744, 1745 
 Encyclopedias, social and political sci- 
 ences, 173, 174, 958 
 Engineers, International Union of Op- 
 erating, 840 
 Equal Rights Party ("Loco-Foco"), 
 
 273 
 Ervin, Charles W., 501 
 Espionage, industrial, 280, 575, 663, 
 788, 794, 1010, 1311, 1312 
 
 Ethics, business and labor, 540 
 See also Social ethics 
 
 Ettor-Giovannitti-Caruso case, 480 
 
 Everett massacre, 1510 
 
 Fact-finding, 7, 1561 
 
 Fair Employment Practices Commit- 
 tee, 1398, 1411 
 
 Fair Labor Standards Act, 528, 1300 
 
 Family allowances, 282, 446 
 See also Wages and salaries — min- 
 imum wage 
 
 Farm labor, 588 
 
 colony system, 904 
 
 in Hawaii, 1741 
 
 labor force, 1807 
 
 migratory, 534, 714, 973, 1098, 
 1099, 1196, 1854 
 See also Migrant labor; Migration 
 
 organizability of, 1172 
 
 political parties, and, 302, 531, 747, 
 896, 1361, 1546 
 
 seasonal labor, 534, 1455 
 
 technological improvement and pro- 
 ductivity, 120, 1165, 1333, 1392 
 C tenant farmers, 919, 973, 1340 
 
 unions and unionism, 177, 483, 493, 
 1374, 1743, 1911 
 
 wages, 17 
 
 Farm-labor cooperation, 747, 1361, 
 1374, 1546 
 
 Farmers' Alliance and Industrial Un- 
 ions, National, 177, 851 
 
 Featherbedding, See Made-work 
 
 Federal Emergency Relief Administra- 
 tion, See U. S. Federal Emer- 
 gency Relief Administration 
 
 Filene, Edward A., 870, 950 
 
 Fire Fighters, International Associa- 
 tion of, 594, 1456 
 
 Flore, Edward, 1408 
 
 Florida, "right-to-work" law, 1484 
 
 Flynn, Elizabeth G., 548 
 
 147
 
 Forced labor, 1965 
 
 See also Convict labor; Prison la- 
 bor; Slave labor 
 Ford, Henry, 149, 468, 1343, 1495 
 Foreign countries, views of labor and 
 
 industrial conditions in the U. S., 
 
 10, 646, 647, 831 
 Foreign workers. See Immigrants; also 
 
 names of national origins (e.g., 
 
 Chinese workers) 
 Foremen and foremen's unions, 274, 
 
 591, 998, 1348 
 Free trade, See Tariff 
 Frick, Henry C, 706 
 Fur and Leather Workers' Union of 
 
 United States and Canada, Inter- 
 national, 550 
 Furuseth, Andrew, 92 
 
 Garment Cutters' Union, Ladies', 709 
 
 Garment workers. See Clothing 
 workers 
 
 Garment Workers' Union, Interna- 
 tional Ladies', 305, 385, 402, 431, 
 833, 834, 836, 837, 969, 1009, 
 1257, 1292, 1572 
 
 Gary, Elbert, 1608 
 
 Gaston County, N. C, textile workers, 
 1360 
 
 Gastonia, N. C, textile workers, 470, 
 1316 
 
 General strike, 389, 484, 1014, 1461 
 
 Gilson, Mary Barnett, 601 
 
 Girdler, Tom M., 605 
 
 Glass, Ceramic and Silica Sand Work- 
 ers of America, Federation of, 689 
 
 Glass workers, 125, 1405 
 
 Glass Workers Union of North Amer- 
 ica, American Flint, 1405 
 
 Goldman, Emma, 629 
 
 Gompers-Allen debate, 637 
 
 Gompers, Samuel, 635, 636, 707, 970, 
 1350, 1604, 1632, 1934 
 
 Gorman, Patrick E., 682 
 Gould, Jay, 1941 
 
 Government employees, 621, 719, 
 1359, 1456, 1530, 1531, 2022 
 accident compensation, 1718 
 hours of work, 1680 
 pension plans, 1692 
 See also Civil service; U. S. Civil 
 Service Commission 
 Government intervention in labor dis- 
 putes, 145, 886, 932, 992, 1069, 
 1912 
 See also Emergency disputes; U. S. 
 President and labor disputes 
 Government labor policy, See Public 
 
 labor policies 
 Great Lakes, maritime workers on, 
 
 760, 976 
 Green, William, 401 
 Greenwich House, 1491 
 Group health and sickness plans, 1329 
 See also Company health programs 
 Guaranteed annual wages, 980 
 
 H 
 
 Hamilton, Alice, Dr., 676 
 Handbook of labor statistics. See La- 
 bor statistics, handbook of 
 Handbook of labor unions, See Labor 
 
 unions, handbooks and directories 
 Hanna, Marcus Alonzo, 387 
 Hat workers, 256, 648, 1382, 1834, 
 
 1875 
 Hatters, Cap and Millinery Workers 
 
 International Union, United, 648, 
 
 1382 
 Hawaii, agricultural workers, 1741 
 contract labor, 358 
 labor injunctions, 220 
 labor movement, 861 
 women workers, 172 
 Haymarket affair, 9, 29, 122, 193, 285, 
 
 405, 934, 1047, 1435, 1534, 1650, 
 
 2018, 2019 
 Haywood, William D., 724, 933, 1991 
 
 148
 
 Health and hygiene, industrial, 178, 
 352, 1066, 1752 
 
 Health insurance, 624, 1349 
 
 See also Group health and sickness 
 plans 
 
 Hebrew Butcher Workers of America, 
 
 144 
 
 Helpers, 84 
 Herrin massacre, 57 
 Hicks, Clarence, 746 
 Hill, Joe, 1543 
 
 Hillman, Sidney, 622, 692, 882, 1516 
 Hillquit, Morris, 754 
 Hindustani workers, 404 
 Hod Carriers', Building and Common 
 Laborers' Union of America, In- 
 ternational, 1131 
 Homestead, Pa., 262, 272, 1312, 1577, 
 
 1792 
 Hosiery Workers, American Federa- 
 tion of, 912, 1613 
 Hotel and restaurant workers, 442, 
 
 780, 883, 913, 1408 
 Hotel and Restaurant Employees In- 
 ternational Alliance and Bartend- 
 ers International League of Amer- 
 ica, 780, 913, 1408 
 Hotel and Restaurant Employees and 
 Bartenders International Union, 
 883 
 Hours of work, 276, 946, 1623, 1704, 
 1881 
 efficiency, and, 630 
 eight-hour movement, 748, 946, 
 
 1193, 1336, 1628, 1680, 1804 
 government employees and govern- 
 ment contract work, 1680 
 mine workers, 81, 538 
 steel workers, 520, 1676 
 ten-hour movement, 276, 946 
 twelve-hour day, 39, 520 
 women, 1220 
 Hourwich affair, 836 
 House organs, See Employee maga- 
 zines 
 
 Housing for workers, 658, 1223, 1356, 
 
 1683, 1711, 1732, 1990 
 Hull House, 1968 
 Human relations in industry, 524, 567, 
 
 1391 
 See also Industrial relations in U. S. 
 Hutcheson, William L., 1335 
 
 Idaho, Coeur d'Alene riots, 815 
 
 revolutionary unionism, 699 
 Ideological unionism, 393 
 See also Labor unions, general — 
 philosophies of 
 Illinois, building trades, 323 
 labor conditions, 185, 817 
 laws and legislation, 139 
 mine workers, 57, 176, 797, 974, 
 
 1030, 1867 
 steel workers, 1949 
 Williamson County, 57 
 See also Herrin massacre 
 Illinois Central R. R. strike (1911), 
 
 1291 
 Immigrants, 363, 500, 525, 783, 995, 
 1817, 1915, 1916, 1973 
 British, 161, 2010 
 Chinese, 377, 1798 
 European, 499, 1379 
 Irish, in Boston, 679 
 unionists, as, 860 
 women, 1841 
 Immigration and emigration, 326, 680, 
 
 852, 1379, 1555 
 Income distribution, 359, 1012, 1116, 
 
 1129, 1307, 1499, 1519, 1580 
 Indentured servants, 111, 589, 737, 
 
 1063, 1504 
 Independent labor organizations, 198, 
 
 1347 
 Individual bargaining, 1436 
 Industrial codes, 987, 1115 
 Industrial democracy, 67, 110, 368, 
 376, 466, 492, 590, 986, 997, 
 1135, 1136, 1143, 1313, 1399, 
 1419, 1469, 1471, 1898 
 
 149
 
 Industrial education, 11, 63, 715, 718, 
 908, 962, 1052, 1123, 1242, 1276, 
 1684, 1685, 1703 
 Industrial efficiency, 40, 335, 510, 522, 
 536, 586, 630, 907, 908, 1181, 
 1391, 1476, 1493, 1925 
 Industrial fatigue, 630 
 Industrial homework, 1477, 1651 
 Industrial psychology, 536, 1181, 1619, 
 
 1624 
 Industrial relations in the U. S., 5, 
 101, 108, 269, 328, 627, 774, 831, 
 1109, 1113, 1147 
 research, 1391, 1753 
 small plants, in, 1207 
 Industrial revolution, 478 
 
 and women, 1086 
 Industrial safety, 66, 75, 178, 199, 507 
 
 iron and steel industry, 1761 
 Industrial unions and unionism, 549, 
 582, 583, 711, 824, 866, 873, 
 1174, 1217, 1433, 1524, 1644, 
 1980 
 See also Labor unions, classified — 
 industrial unions 
 Industrial unrest, 103, 465, 957, 1327, 
 
 1624, 1788 
 Industrial Workers of the World, 36, 
 219, 221, 228, 319, 420, 422, 449, 
 479, 480, 585, 685, 822-25, 888, 
 960, 1402, 1510, 1627, 1647 
 See also Revolutionary unionism — 
 Industrial Workers of the 
 World 
 Industrialists, biographies and autobi- 
 ographies, 19, 149, 298, 380, 468, 
 605, 785, 870, 950, 1239, 1343, 
 1495, 1598, 1698, 1941 
 Injunction, labor, 150, 220, 463, 568, 
 574, 1065, 1107, 1463, 1595, 1805, 
 1910 
 See also Labor and the courts 
 Inter-Church World Movement, 1252 
 International affairs and labor, 44, 
 560, 698, 826, 1038, 1190, 1375, 
 1729, 1966 
 
 International labor conventions, 433, 
 
 1038 
 International labor movement, 1037, 
 
 1729 
 Iowa, laws and legislation, 450, 451, 
 
 720 
 workmen's compensation, 451 
 Iowa State Federation of Labor, 1584 
 Iron workers, 266, 412, 767, 1385, 
 
 1577, 1789 
 See also Steelworkers 
 Irvine, Alexander F., 842, 843 
 Italian workers, 1247 
 
 J 
 
 Jewish labor movement, 497, 498, 546, 
 1287 
 
 Jewish workers, 144, 497, 498, 809, 
 1618 
 
 Johnson, Hugh S., 871 
 
 Journalism, labor. See Labor journal- 
 ism 
 
 Journalists, See Newswriters 
 
 Jurisdictional disputes, 1937 
 See also Strikes and lockouts 
 
 K 
 
 Kansas, unemployment compensation, 
 
 581 
 Kansas Industrial Relations Court, 25, 
 
 200, 580, 798, 867, 1736 
 Kelley, Florence, 631 
 Kentucky, mine workers, 1199, 1400 
 Knights of Labor, 249, 846, 851, 909, 
 
 930, 945, 1324, 1325, 1923 
 Knights of St. Crispin, 1002 
 Knudsen, William S., 138 
 Kohler strike (1930's), 1871 
 
 Labor ballads, See Labor songs and 
 ballads 
 
 150
 
 Labor banks, 1328 
 
 Labor and capital, See Capital and 
 labor 
 
 Labor and the church. See Church 
 and labor 
 
 Labor colleges, 1447, 1842 
 
 Labor conspiracies, the law of, 306 
 
 Labor and the courts, 659, 723, 1022, 
 1246, 1612 
 See also Court decisions; U. S. Su- 
 preme Court and labor 
 
 Labor and democracy, 485, 1940 
 
 Labor dictionaries, 248, 705 
 
 Labor fact books, 947 
 See also Labor yearbooks 
 
 Labor force, 1017 
 California, 806, 1073 
 entry into, 1855 
 fluctuations in, 1672, 1996 
 national, 472, 1003, 1672, 1995 
 Philadelphia, 1268 
 
 Labor injunctions. See Injunction, la- 
 bor 
 
 Labor and international relations. See 
 International affairs and labor 
 
 Labor journalism, 47, 501 
 
 See also Labor periodicals 
 Labor leaders, 34, 130, 211, 559, 603, 
 
 906, 925, 1100, 1153, 1295 
 Labor legislation. See Laws and leg- 
 islation 
 Labor in literature, 354 
 Labor-management cooperation, 67, 
 71, 131, 189, 213, 342, 368, 572, 
 688, 950, 1206, 1211, 1240, 1313, 
 1367, 1471, 1496, 1570, 1735, 
 1757, 1831, 1883, 1992 
 Labor-Management Relations Act, See 
 
 Taft-Hartley Act 
 Labor market, See Labor force 
 Labor mobility, 1188 
 
 in depressed economy, 1856, 1862, 
 
 1865 
 geographic, 769, 
 
 southern states, 1017 
 World War II, in, 15 
 Labor and monopoly, 703 
 Labor movement, and American his- 
 tory, 297 
 business conditions, and, 967 
 class struggles, and, 1441, 1492 
 descriptions and analyses of, 820, 
 1005, 1288, 1314, 1338, 1606, 
 1607 
 documentary histories of, 366 
 general histories of (published be- 
 fore 1900), 91, 490, 644, 1093, 
 1262, 1306, 2000 
 (published between 1901 and 
 1940), 137, 166, 309, 335, 
 367, 660, 686, 701, 771, 791, 
 849, 894, 952, 1004, 1161, 
 1258, 1260, 1286, 1662, 1908 
 (published since 1941), 90, 204, 
 340, 409, 462, 514, 551, 552, 
 654, 1011, 1228, 1281, 1345, 
 1390, 1482, 1587, 1712, 2011 
 government, and the, 1176, 1898 
 Hawaii, 861 
 
 international, 560, 1966 
 Jewish, 546, 1287 
 labor problems, and, 295, 369, 370, 
 
 1161 
 Los Angeles, 1566 
 Louisiana, 1486 
 
 periods in the development of, 
 (1833-1933), 1742 
 (1840-1860), 1907 
 (1860-1895), 1909 
 (1896-1932), 1289 
 (1913-1953), 1812 
 (1920-1933), 157 
 (1935-1941), 582 
 San Diego, 1416 
 San Francisco, 929 
 Labor periodicals, 1353 
 Labor, 892 
 
 See also Labor journalism 
 Labor policy. See Public labor policies 
 Labor political parties, 159, 504, 515, 
 531, 721, 801, 803, 944, 1149-51, 
 1283, 1361, 1545, 1546, 1944 
 
 151
 
 Labor problems, general summaries, 
 295, 309, 354, 367, 2011 
 
 (items published before 1886), 49, 
 58, 128, 133, 250, 373, 613, 
 665, 897, 1055, 1093, 1132, 
 1166, 1229, 1306, 1629, 1919, 
 2001, 2004 
 
 (items published between 1887 and 
 end of World War I), 4, 16, 
 24, 60, 61, 187, 202, 246, 333, 
 361, 369, 370, 543, 609, 729, 
 848, 851, 1161, 1162, 1230, 
 1318, 1364, 1518, 1573, 1599, 
 1998 
 
 (items published from end of World 
 War I to 1934), 56, 85, 179, 
 310, 360, 396, 448, 541, 694, 
 787, 1078, 1130, 1432, 1459, 
 1643, 1898, 1924, 1926 
 
 (items published since 1935), 76, 
 626, 638, 651, 701, 893, 1059, 
 1263, 1587, 1611, 1908, 1913 
 
 Labor Relations Act, See Wagner Act 
 
 Labor skills. See Apprenticeship; In- 
 dustrial education; Skilled labor; 
 Unskilled labor 
 Labor songs and ballads, 347, 435, 
 
 645, 938, 939 
 Labor and the state, 418, 532, 1106, 
 1233, 1479, 1654 
 See also Public labor policies 
 Labor statistics, handbook of, 1726, 
 
 1727 
 Labor and the tariff. See Tariff, labor 
 
 attitude toward 
 Labor and taxation, 686, 1520 
 
 See also Single Tax and the labor 
 movement 
 Labor turnover, 73, 74, 222, 355, 1501, 
 
 1815, 1843, 1996 
 Labor unions, classified by type; com- 
 pany unions, 466, 467, 1570, 1714 
 craft unions, 98, 330, 549, 573, 771, 
 866, 1084, 1174, 1335, 1541, 
 1590, 1603, 1909 
 See also American Federation of 
 Labor, specific craft unions 
 
 independent unions, 198, 1347 
 See also specific independent 
 unions 
 industrial unions, 866, 1 1 74, 1 644 
 See also Congress of Industrial 
 Organizations; Industrial un- 
 ions and unionism; specific 
 industrial unions 
 local unions, 841 
 
 national and international unions, 
 549, 1660 
 See also specific unions 
 Labor unions, general, 10, 116, 182, 
 223, 638, 660, 791, 796, 820, 849, 
 947, 978, 1112, 1151, 1286, 1289, 
 1297, 1511, 1515, 1587, 1647, 
 1724, 1725, 1910, 2003 
 admission to, 1213, 1977 
 benefit plans and activities, 911, 
 
 981, 1560, 1711 
 communism, 93, 453, 555, 855, 963, 
 
 1430, 1605 
 education, attitudes toward, 11, 43, 
 
 397 
 factionalism and rival unionism, 42, 
 453, 582, 583, 702, 1001, 1431 
 finances, 183, 562, 1428 
 government regulation of, 341, 587, 
 1611, 1614, 1823, 1969, 1971, 
 1981 
 growth of, 619, 1031, 1482, 1660, 
 
 1662, 1984 
 jurisdiction, 181, 330, 1947 
 membership, 1213, 1983 
 membership services, 1287 
 organizing, 46, 194, 233, 255, 356, 
 563, 1172, 1633, 1743, 1885, 
 1939 
 origins of, 396, 1642, 1731 
 philosophies of, 590, 945, 1105, 
 
 1502, 1630 
 poHtical action, 61, 304, 327, 501, 
 555, 578, 633, 698, 803, 890, 
 1105, 1541, 1542 
 productivity, and, 376 
 public interest, and, 260, 314, 540, 
 
 633, 1500, 1974 
 public relations, 1278 
 recognition of, 1200 
 
 152
 
 right to organize, 212, 1802, 1823 
 rights and responsibilities of, 260, 
 
 553, 633, 1331, 1467 
 structure and government of, 1 1 7, 
 263, 396, 617, 696, 749, 830, 
 1026, 1296, 1432, 1724, 1725 
 technological change, and, 45, 1857 
 theories of, 1285, 1288 
 union security, and, 1373, 1562 
 wage policies of, 523, 678, 894, 914, 
 942, 1058, 1397, 1458, 1609, 
 1881, 2006, 2014 
 women in, 734, 735, 740, 1125, 1978 
 Labor unions, handbooks and direc- 
 tories, 634, 1724, 1725 
 Labor in World War I, 355, 987, 1846, 
 
 1926 
 Labor in World War II, 77, 82, 303, 
 989, 1008, 1109, 1355, 1367, 1658, 
 1819, 1976 
 Labor yearbooks, 1337 
 
 See also Labor fact books 
 Labor's share, 586 
 
 See also Income distribution 
 Ladies' Waist Makers' Union, 835 
 LaFollette, Robert M., 951 
 Lake Carriers' Association, 976, 1721 
 Lancaster, Pa., labor market, 1886 
 Land policy and labor, 438, 512, 1165, 
 
 2015 
 Lang, Lucy Robins, 970 
 Laundry workers, 1219 
 Lawrence, Mass., textile strike, 277, 
 
 480 
 Laws and legislation, 5, 54-56, 182, 
 343, 374, 375, 487, 1069, 1406, 
 1687-89 
 anti-trust laws, 869, 1013, 1121 
 Bituminous Coal Act, 102 
 California, 461, 476 
 case books and text books, 59, 306, 
 365,487,655, 1119, 1241, 1434, 
 1611, 1622 
 child labor, 576, 720, 862, 1195, 
 
 1248, 1784 
 Connecticut, 482 
 
 court decisions, 481, 659, 1022, 
 
 1246, 1738, 1739 
 disputes, 535, 1415 
 Employment Act of 1946, 96, 762 
 employment agencies, regulation of, 
 
 1744, 1745 
 evolution of, 306, 334, 512, 669, 
 
 671, 895, 922, 1022, 1090, 1091, 
 
 1120, 1298, 1479, 1541, 1564, 
 
 1565, 1611, 1612, 1622, 1989 
 health and sanitation, 1752 
 Illinois, 139 
 international, 1729 
 Iowa, 450, 451, 720 
 Kansas, 867 
 maritime labor regulations, 859, 
 
 1056 
 Maryland, 983 
 Massachusetts, 922 
 mine workers, 1621, 1640 
 minimum wage, 53, 528, 1177, 1201, 
 
 1748, 1749 
 National Industrial Recovery Act, 
 
 35, 569, 871, 1039, 1070, 1527, 
 
 1548, 1620, 1837 
 See also U. S. National Recovery 
 Administration 
 New York, 99, 283, 509, 661 
 Norris-LaGuardia Act, 1107 
 Oklahoma, 1828 
 Oregon, 1177 
 Pennsylvania, 123 
 prison labor, 1681, 1746 
 railroad, 156, 891, 990, 1772, 1825, 
 
 1826 
 Rhode Island, 1639 
 right-to-work, 1484 
 safety, 66, 75, 1640 
 Seamen's Act, 623, 764 
 Sherman Anti-Trust Act, 155 
 state laws and legislation, 190, 344, 
 
 669, 920, 1484, 1738, 1739, 
 
 1848, 1849, 1962 
 strikes, 341, 1179 
 Taft-Hartley Act, 1148, 1820 
 unconstitutionality of, 1737 
 Utah, 135 
 wage-payment, 1774 
 
 153
 
 Laws and legislation, (continued) 
 Wagner Act, 481, 527, 653, 656, 
 
 845, 868, 1108, 1148, 1490, 
 
 1528, 1821 
 women, relating to, 1836, 1840, 
 
 1848, 1849 
 workmen's compensation, 475, 1128, 
 
 1617, 1717, 1776-81, 1816 
 
 Lawsoh, John R., 162 
 
 League for Industrial Democracy, 956 
 
 League for Industrial Rights, 1135, 
 
 1136 
 Leather workers, 244, 550, 1239 
 Legal-aid and legal-aid organizations, 
 
 1722, 1723 
 Leisure, use of, 164 
 Letter Carriers, National Association 
 
 of, 1530, 1531 
 Letter Carriers' Association, National 
 
 Rural, 1 
 Lewis, John L., 23, 299, 710, 1591, 
 
 1663, 1930 
 Liberalistic unionism, 393 
 
 See also Labor unions, general — 
 philosophies of 
 Lincoln, Abraham, 1443 
 Lithographers, 759 
 Lloyd, Henry Demarest, 1028 
 
 addresses of, 1029 
 Lockouts, See Strikes and lockouts 
 Locomotive Engineers, Brotherhood of, 
 
 562 
 Locomotive Firemen and Enginemen, 
 
 Brotherhood of, 235, 674 
 London, Meyer, 1393 
 Longevity of workers, 62 
 Longshoremen, 124, 271, 471, 484, 
 
 872, 1249, 1308, 1346, 1594 
 Longshoremen's Association, Interna- 
 tional, 124, 872, 977, 1346, 1594 
 Longshoremen's and Warehousemen's 
 
 Union, International, 471, 484, 
 
 1308, 1424, 1425 
 
 Los Angeles, labor movement, 1566 
 
 Los Angeles Times bombing, 266, 1087 
 
 Louisiana, workmen's compensation, 
 1128 
 
 Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumber- 
 men, 1733 
 
 Lumber workers, 318, 435, 766, 823, 
 854, 960, 1402, 1510, 1635, 1733 
 See also Wood workers 
 
 M 
 
 MacDonald, David J., 905 
 
 McGIynn, Edward, Dr., 142 
 
 McKie, William ("Brother Bill"), 194 
 
 McKinley, William, 1358 
 
 McNamara Case, See Los Angeles 
 Times bombing 
 
 Machinists, International Association 
 of, 356, 915 
 
 Made-work, 332 
 Maine, labor conditions, 1943 
 Maintenance of membership, 1562 
 See also Labor unions, general — 
 union security 
 Maintenance of Way Employees, 
 
 Brotherhood of, 236, 742 
 Management attitudes toward labor, 
 
 108, 192, 784, 1194, 1274, 1509 
 Manpower demobilization, post WW I, 
 
 1720 
 Marine and Shipbuilding Workers of 
 America, Industrial Union of, 
 521 
 Maritime Union of America, National, 
 
 203, 795, 1212 
 Maritime workers, 92, 203, 238, 259, 
 337, 435, 471, 641, 728, 760, 764, 
 765, 795, 859, 968, 1056, 1427, 
 1538, 1616, 1721, 1734 
 on domestic waters, 1830 
 on the Great Lakes, 760, 976 
 unions, 623, 976, 1934 
 World War I, 1832 
 Marx, Karl, 455 
 
 154
 
 Maryland, indentured servants, 1063 
 laws and legislation, 983 
 
 Massachusetts, Bureau of Statistics of 
 Labor, 608, 1309 
 Chicopee, labor and employment, 
 
 1483 
 child labor, 577 
 
 early labor legislation, 59, 922, 1309 
 Fall River, labor and industry, 1023 
 Gas, Coke, and Chemical Workers, 
 
 Union of, 1217 
 minimum wage laws, 1201 
 shoe workers, 726, 1238 
 strikes, 744, 1698 
 textile workers, 1302 
 wages and salaries, 1208, 1999 
 women, laws relating to, 1840 
 
 Maurer, James H., 1126 
 
 Maurin, Peter, 1480 
 
 Meat Cutters and Butcher Workmen 
 of North America, Amalgamated, 
 33, 381, 682 
 
 Meat packing; See Packinghouse 
 workers 
 
 Mechanics, 21, 1020 
 
 Mechanics' Educational Society of 
 America, 399 
 
 Mechanics of the United States of 
 North America, Junior Order of 
 United, 1020 
 
 Mediation and conciliation, 69, 127, 
 215, 1197, 1586, 1668 
 See also Arbitration, U. S. Concili- 
 ation Service, U. S. National 
 Defense Mediation Board 
 
 Merritt, Walter G., 1134 
 
 Metal trades, 510, 1937 
 
 See also Iron workers. Steel workers 
 
 Mexican workers, 1615 
 
 Michigan, strikes, 87 
 
 Migrant labor, 1, 51, 714, 1098, 1099, 
 1196, 1455, 1615, 1862, 1863, 
 1868 
 See also Casual labor; Farm labor 
 — migratory 
 
 Migration, Negro, 1993 
 rural, 1865 
 urban, 1854 
 
 See also Labor mobility 
 Militant unionism, 424, 1015 
 
 See also Labor unions, general — 
 philosophies of; Revolutionary 
 unionism 
 Militia, use of in strikes, 1600 
 
 See also Violence — use of troops 
 Millinery workers. See Hat workers 
 Mine, Mill and Smelter Workers, In- 
 ternational Union of, 408, 853, 
 855, 1399 
 Mine workers, 175, 254, 351, 503, 
 677, 825, 937, 1161, 1407, 1481, 
 1640, 1951 
 collective bargaining, 176, 537, 565, 
 
 1471, 1585, 1874 
 Colorado, 129, 162, 1794 
 disputes, 349, 535, 1184, 1586, 1747 
 hours of work, 81, 538, 539 
 housing, 1732 
 Illinois, 974 
 Kentucky, 1199 
 
 labor conditions, 408, 517, 640, 802, 
 
 810, 877, 1018, 1173, 1377, 
 
 1386, 1400, 1585, 1621, 1787, 
 
 1927, 1952, 1959 
 
 leaders, 23, 162, 620, 879, 1663, 
 
 1991 
 Montana, 768 
 Ohio, 147, 1803 
 Oklahoma, 1133, 1418 
 organizations and unionism, 757, 
 
 797, 1067, 1914, 1950 
 Pennsylvania, 18, 79, 167, 349, 430, 
 666, 687, 1690, 1796, 1803, 
 1901, 1942 
 productivity, 121 
 songs and ballads, 938, 939 
 strikes, 79, 170, 349, 382, 395, 518, 
 666, 768, 778, 853, 971, 972, 
 1030, 1665, 1690, 1787, 1794 
 wages, 539, 1046 
 West Virginia, 966, 1185, 1803 
 Mine Workers of America, Progres- 
 sive, 797 
 
 155
 
 Mine Workers of America, United, 
 23, 115, 299, 503, 620, 757, 972, 
 1018, 1067, 1184, 1400, 1591, 
 1663, 1874, 1901, 1914, 1930, 
 1951 
 District 50, 1217 
 
 Miners' Association, American, 1950 
 
 Minimum wage, See Laws and legis- 
 lation — minimum wage; Wages 
 and salaries — minimum wage 
 
 Minneapolis, strikes and lockouts, 
 1892 
 teamsters, 1142 
 
 Minority group workers, See Jewish 
 workers; Negro workers; etc. 
 
 Missouri, mine workers, 408 
 
 Missouri and North Arkansas RR 
 strike (1921), 208, 639 
 
 Mitchell, John, 620 
 
 Mobility, labor, See Labor mobility 
 
 Molders' International Union, 662, 
 1569, 1601, 1636 
 
 Molly Maguires, 18, 167, 349, 430, 
 1060 
 See also Revolutionary unionism — 
 Molly Maguires; Violence — 
 Molly Maguires 
 
 Mooney, Thomas J., 775, 1167 
 
 Morgan, J. Pierpont, 380, 785 
 
 "Mother Bloor" (Bloor, Ella R.), 180 
 
 "Mother Jones," 879 
 
 Motor coach employees, 31, 1444 
 
 Motormen, See Motor coach 
 employees 
 
 Moving picture operators, 104 
 
 Munitions workers, 743 
 
 Musicians, American Federation of, 
 47, 999 
 
 Mutual benefit programs, 1329 
 
 See also Labor unions, general — 
 benefit plans and activities 
 
 N 
 
 Nagler, Isidore, 709 
 
 National Association of Manufactur- 
 ers, 1610 
 
 National Civic Federation, 67, 650 
 
 National Consumer's League, 1192 
 
 National Defense Mediation Board, 
 See U. S. National Defense Medi- 
 ation Board 
 
 National Industrial Recovery Act, See 
 Laws and legislation — National 
 Industrial Recovery Act; U. S. 
 National Recovery Administration 
 
 National Labor-Management Rela- 
 tions Act, See Laws and legisla- 
 tion — Taft-Hartley Act; Taft- 
 Hartley Act 
 
 National Labor Relations Act, See 
 Laws and legislation — Wagner 
 Act; Wagner Act 
 
 National Labor Relations Board, See 
 U. S. National Labor Relations 
 Board 
 
 National Labor Union, 662, 1601, 1636 
 
 National Mediation Board, See U. S. 
 National Mediation Board 
 
 National Railroad Adjustment Board, 
 See U. S. National Railroad Ad- 
 justment Board 
 
 National Recovery Administration, 
 See U. S. National Recovery Ad- 
 ministration 
 
 National Wage Stabilization Board, 
 See U. S. National Wage Stabili- 
 zation Board 
 
 National War Labor Board, See U. S. 
 National War Labor Board 
 
 National Women's Trade Union 
 League, 196, 454, 1978 
 See also Chicago Women's Trade 
 Union League 
 
 Negro workers, 652, 1829, 1929, 1938 
 Chicago, 736 
 
 comparative conditions, 62, 252, 
 473, 554, 847, 947, 1261, 1518, 
 1813, 1814 
 fair employment practices, 1398, 
 1411 
 
 156
 
 government workers, 719 
 
 labor mobility and migration, 1017, 
 
 1814, 1993 
 New York City, 722 
 Pennsylvania, 458, 2005 
 skilled workers, 459 
 under slavery, 570, 571, 1304, 1305 
 unions and unionism, 214, 311, 569, 
 
 1213, 1236, 1351, 1532 
 women workers, 1844, 1845, 2013 
 World War I, 1813 
 Nestor, Agnes, 1220 
 
 New Deal, 158, 426, 1039, 1070, 1071, 
 1148, 1157, 1348, 1548 
 
 strikes under, 625 
 New England, 1222, 1483 
 
 labor mobility, 1188 
 
 textile industry, 881 
 
 New Jersey, child labor, 529 
 
 laws and legislation, 1232 
 New York, Buffalo-Niagara area, labor 
 force, 15 
 
 child labor committee, 672 
 
 colonial labor, 1079 
 
 electrical workers, 224 
 
 Factory Investigating Commission, 
 Reports of, 1225-27 
 
 laws and legislation, 99, 283, 509, 
 661, 1840 
 
 public labor policy, 808 
 
 public welfare, 1446 
 
 Rochester, trade unions, 1043 
 
 typographical workers, 1558 
 
 unemployment, 996 
 
 working conditions, 1225-27 
 New York (City), 1508 
 
 building service employees, 258 
 
 clothing workers, 835, 837, 1171, 
 1315 
 
 collective bargaining, 300, 695 
 
 cost and standard of living, 317, 
 1169 
 
 firemen and policemen, 1456 
 
 general trade unions, 530 
 
 hat workers, 1875 
 
 housing, 658, 1223, 1369 
 
 immigrants, 500 
 
 injunctions, labor, 1107, 1463 
 
 labor political parties, 159 
 laundry workers, 1219 
 machinists, 1551 
 Negro workers, 569, 722, 1261 
 poor, 207, 288, 290, 428, 1368, 1369 
 transport workers, 1075, 1254 
 unemployed and unemployment, 
 
 429, 1771 
 women workers, 1264, 1363, 1648 
 Workingmen's Party, 159 
 
 Newspaper Guild, American, 1399 
 
 Newswriters, 1822 
 
 Non-ferrous mining industry, 129, 853, 
 1341 
 
 Non-union workers, 687, 1124 
 
 compared with union workers, 169, 
 
 1506 
 steel workers, 226 
 
 Norris-LaGuardia Act, 1107 
 
 Nunn, Henry F., 1239 
 
 O 
 
 Occupational hazards and diseases, 
 legislation, 352, 624, 676, 1617, 
 1752 
 See also Health and hygiene, in- 
 dustrial 
 Occupations, descriptions of, 1954 
 Oil Workers International Union, 
 
 1244 
 Oklahoma, labor movement, 1858 
 laws and legislation, 1415 
 mine workers, 408, 827, 1418 
 Old-age and survivors insurance, 982 
 See also Social welfare — social se- 
 curity 
 Older workers, 1224 
 
 See also Pensions and pension 
 plans; Social welfare 
 Older, Fremont, 1251 
 Open shop movement, 1194, 1373, 
 1533, 2020 
 See also Closed shop 
 Orchard, Harry (Albert E. Horsley), 
 768, 778 
 
 157
 
 Oregon, minimum wage legislation, 
 1177 
 
 Pacific Coast, labor on, 1437 
 
 Pacific Northwest, pulp and paper in- 
 dustry, 1339 
 Packinghouse workers, 307, 381 
 Painters, Decorators and Paperhang- 
 ers of America, Brotherhood of, 
 2017 
 Papal Encyclical, Pope Leo XIII, 592 
 Papal Encyclical, Pope Pius XI, 1145, 
 
 1183 
 Paper industry, 1339 
 Paper Makers, International Brother- 
 hood of, 916 
 Parker, Carleton H., 1271 
 Parsons, Albert R., 9, 285, 1275 
 Passaic textile strike (1926-27), 1636, 
 
 1887, 1935 
 Paternalism, 178, 1389, 1485, 1773 
 See also Company welfare pro- 
 grams; Open shop movement 
 Paternalistic unionism, 393 
 
 See also Labor unions, general — 
 philosophies of 
 Patrolmen's Union, 1456 
 Patrons of Husbandry, Order of the, 
 
 302, 896 
 Pennsylvania, early labor organization, 
 1590 
 indentured servants, 589, 737 
 laws and legislation, 123, 190, 1640 
 mine workers, 18, 79, 167, 349, 430, 
 666, 687, 1378, 1481, 1640, 
 1796, 1803, 1942 
 Negroes, 2005 
 steel workers, 520, 1697 
 Pensions and pension plans, 371, 494, 
 495, 979, 981, 982, 1221, 1460, 
 1657, 1711 
 public service, 1759 
 railroad industry, 1692 
 See also Company pension plans; 
 
 Old-age and survivors insur- 
 ance; Social welfare — social 
 security 
 
 Perkins, Frances, 1284 
 
 Personnel research agencies, 1753 
 See also Industrial relations in U. S. 
 — research 
 
 Petrillo, James C, 999 
 
 Philadelphia, clothing workers, 959 
 cost and standard of living, 1301 
 labor conditions, 22 
 labor market, 1268, 1870 
 
 in depression, 332 
 
 turnover in, 74 
 Negroes, 458 
 photo-engravers, 993 
 printing industry, 1474 
 shoe workers, 584 
 textile workers, 1269 
 union and unionism, 278 
 women workers, 799, 1259, 1841 
 
 Photo-Engravers' Union of North 
 America, International, 838, 993 
 
 Pine, Max, 546 
 
 Pinkerton Detective Agency, 1403, 
 1498 
 
 Pittsburgh, labor conditions, 898 
 
 Pocketbook Workers' Union, 1891 
 
 Politics and labor, 273, 304, 327 
 See also Labor political parties 
 
 Populist movement, 747, 1096, 1387 
 
 Porters, 214 
 
 Post Office Clerks, National Federa- 
 tion of, 94, 1531 
 
 Postal employees, 1, 94, 1531 
 
 Potters, 1057, 1523 
 
 Potters, International Brotherhood of 
 Operative, 1057 
 
 Poverty and the poor, 216, 316, 322, 
 428, 547, 597, 770, 804, 1215, 
 1273, 1282, 1307, 1356, 1368, 
 1472, 1536, 1653, 1922 
 
 Powderly, Terence V., 1324, 1325 
 
 President of the U. S. and labor dis- 
 
 158
 
 putes, See U. S. President and 
 labor disputes 
 Pressmen, See Printers 
 Printers, 961, 1735 
 Chicago, 240, 758 
 early organizations of, 1097, 1641, 
 
 1679 
 New York, 1170 
 
 Philadelphia, 936, 1462, 1474, 1558 
 technological change, and, 97, 125 
 unions and unionism, 126, 839, 
 
 1032, 1053, 1326, 1641, 1822 
 See also Lithographers 
 Printing Pressmen and Assistants' Un- 
 ion of North America, Interna- 
 tional, 98, 758, 1032 
 Prison labor, 68, 1677, 1678, 1681, 
 1746, 1754, 1755, 2002 
 See also Convict labor 
 Productivity of labor, 505, 506, 1476, 
 1563 
 and wages, 141, 1458, 1494 
 Professional workers, engineers, 241 
 unionization of, 1237 
 women, 13 
 Profit-sharing, 109, 1198, 1239, 1470, 
 
 1757 
 Proletarian, American, 1016 
 Property rights and labor, 512, 532, 
 
 595, 612, 1021, 1499 
 Public employees, See Government 
 
 employees 
 Public employment offices, 704, 899, 
 902, 1758 
 See also Employment agencies — 
 public 
 Public labor policies, 342, 992, 1138, 
 1139, 1176, 1396, 1479, 1614, 
 1656, 1981 
 collective bargaining, 1969 
 in disputes, 154, 261, 535, 874, 886 
 labor's rights, 212, 353, 987, 1021, 
 
 1298, 1331, 1823 
 New Deal, 158, 625, 1039, 1070, 
 
 1148, 1157 
 railroad, 145, 156, 1667, 1722 
 strikes, 338, 625, 1042 
 
 Taft-Hartley Act, 1820 
 
 unions, 587, 1981 
 
 U. S. Department of Labor, 1035, 
 1811 
 
 U. S. National Labor Relations 
 Board, 198, 201, 232, 1148, 
 1666, 1970 
 
 U. S. National Recovery Adminis- 
 tration, 1039, 1070 
 
 wartime, 874, 1355, 1465, 1756, 
 1819 
 
 See also War labor policies — 
 WW I and WW II 
 
 Public opinion in labor disputes, 314, 
 827, 1344 
 
 Public works, 423, 346 
 See also U. S. Public Works Ad- 
 ministration 
 
 Pullman strike, 265, 308, 338, 1025, 
 1544, 1833 
 See also Railroad workers — 
 Pullman strike 
 
 Pulp, Sulfite and Paper Mill Workers, 
 International Brotherhood of, 916 
 
 R 
 
 Racketeering, labor, 745, 779, 872, 
 
 1344, 1346, 1464, 1588, 1897 
 Railroad Labor Board, See U. S. Rail- 
 road Labor Board 
 Railroad Retirement Board, See U. S. 
 
 Railroad Retirement Board 
 Railroad revolt of 1887, 206 
 Railroad strikes (1877), 206, 1034, 
 1060, 1311 
 1888, Burlington, 1089, 1429 
 1911, Illinois Central RR, 1291 
 1921-23, Missouri and North Ar- 
 kansas RR, 639 
 See also Railroad workers — dis- 
 putes; Railroad workers — 
 strikes 
 Railroad Telegraphers, The Order of, 
 1077, 1661 
 
 Railroad Trainmen, Brotherhood of, 
 1061 
 
 159
 
 Railroad workers, 242, 383, 508, 1141, 
 
 1659, 1693 
 . arbitration and mediation, 8, 1668 
 Brotherhoods, the, 502, 602 
 carmen, 1267 
 clerks, 732 
 conductors, 1372 
 disputes, 535, 990, 1529, 1772, 1795, 
 
 1808, 1904 
 eight-hour movement, 1804 
 firemen, 234, 235 
 labor-management cooperation, 990, 
 
 1992 
 maintenance of way workers, 236, 
 
 742 
 pension systems, 692 
 periodicals, 892 
 Pullman strike, 83, 265, 308, 338, 
 
 1025, 1544, 1833, 1912 
 revolt of 1887, 206, 208 
 riots, 727 
 signalmen, 507 
 
 strikes, 83, 206, 398, 519, 639, 674, 
 936, 1034, 1060, 1089, 1156, 
 1291, 1311, 1429 
 telegraphers, 502, 1077, 1661 
 trainmen, 237 
 
 wages, 237, 878, 891, 1061, 1412, 
 1567, 1946 
 Railway Carmen of America, Brother- 
 hood of, 1267 
 Railway Clerks, Brotherhood of, 732 
 Railway Conductors of America, Or- 
 der of, 1372 
 Railway industry, 119, 891, 1937 
 Railway Union, American, 265, 308, 
 
 338, 420, 602, 1025, 1168, 1448 
 Reconstruction, post WW I, 70, 572, 
 
 921, 1720 
 Reconstruction, depression of the 
 
 1930's, 832 
 Redemptioners, See Indentured serv- 
 ants 
 Republic Steel Corporation, 605 
 Research in industrial relations. See 
 Industrial relations in the U. S. 
 — research 
 
 Restriction of output, 1124, 1694 
 
 Retail clerks. See Sales employees 
 
 Reuther, Walter, 789 
 
 Revolutionary unionism, 130, 229, 
 393, 405, 425, 427, 670, 936, 
 1001, 1015, 1186, 1524, 1627 
 anarchy and syndicalism, 153, 193, 
 205, 449, 628, 629, 733, 934, 
 1014, 1118, 1435, 1454, 1498, 
 1534, 1647 
 communism, 453, 465, 561, 1001, 
 1430, 1431, 1435 
 See also Communism and labor 
 general strikes, 389, 1014 
 Industrial Workers of the World, 
 36, 219, 221, 228, 318, 319, 
 430, 479, 548, 585, 824, 960, 
 1402, 1991 
 leaders of, 285, 724, 1275, 1294 
 Molly Maguires, 18, 167 
 violence, and, 12, 405, 424, 805, 
 933, 1087, 1510, 1577, 1897 
 
 Rhode Island, collective bargaining, 
 225 
 factory legislation, 1639 
 
 Right to organize, 212 
 
 freedom of speech, and, 1802 
 
 See also Labor unions, general; — 
 
 right to organize; — rights and 
 
 responsibilities 
 
 Right to strike, 553 
 Riis, Jacob A., 1370 
 Riots of 1877, 253, 1034 
 Robins, Margaret D., 454 
 Roney, Frank, 1394 
 Roosevelt, Franklin D., 1284 
 Roosevelt, Theodore, 808, 1358 
 
 Rubber, Cork, Linoleum and Plastic 
 Workers of America, United, 
 1376, 1664 
 
 Rubber workers, 579, 875, 1376, 1664 
 
 Russell Sage Foundation, 616 
 
 Ryan, John A., 1422 
 
 Ryan, Paul W. ("Mike Quinn"), 1425 
 
 160
 
 Sabotage, industrial, 1124, 1322 
 
 See also Violence 
 Safety, See Industrial safety 
 Sailors, See Maritime workers 
 Sailors' Union of the Pacific, 92, 1295, 
 
 1427, 1616 
 Salaried Unions, National Federation 
 
 of, 188 
 Sales employees, 268, 440, 927, 949, 
 
 950 
 San Diego, labor movement, 1416 
 San Francisco, collective bargaining, 
 391 
 construction workers, 1417 
 general strike, 484 
 hotel and restaurant employees, 913 
 industrial relations, 929 
 labor movement, 388, 476, 929, 1251 
 racketeering, labor, 471, 745 
 unemployment and relief, 807 
 Union Labor Party, 136 
 women in unions, 1125 
 Scientific management and labor, 210, 
 
 379, 457, 460, 790, 1191 
 Screen Actors' Guild, 1401 
 Seamen, See Maritime workers 
 Seamen's Act, 623, 764 
 Seamen's Service, United, 765 
 Seamen's Union of America, Interna- 
 tional, 1295, 1734, 1934 
 Seamen's Union of the Pacific, Inter- 
 national, 1734 
 Seattle, Centralia conspiracy, 318, 960 
 general strike, 1461 
 Unemployed Citizens' League, 752 
 Sharecroppers, See Farm labor — ten- 
 ant farmers 
 Sherman Anti-Trust Act, 155 
 Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment 
 Board, See U. S. Shipbuilding 
 Labor Adjustment Board 
 Shipbuilding workers, 82, 521, 964, 
 
 1730 
 Shoe workers, 411, 584, 1238, 1239 
 
 Shop committees, 1570 
 
 See also Works councils 
 Shut-downs, involuntary, 1856 
 Silk workers, 812 
 Single Tax and the labor movement, 
 
 142, 1526, 1649 
 Skilled labor, 510 
 Slave labor, 644 
 See also Convict labor; Forced la- 
 bor; Prison labor 
 Slavery and labor, 512, 570, 571, 1102, 
 
 1235, 1304, 1305, 1443, 1486 
 Slavic workers, 1916 
 Sleeping Car Porters, Brotherhood of, 
 
 214 
 Social conditions of labor (items pub- 
 lished before 1860), 251, 294, 
 315, 372, 800, 1051 
 (items published between 1861 and 
 1901), 114, 322, 417, 592, 610, 
 642, 880, 1072, 1074, 1508, 
 1518, 1653, 1895, 1994, 2004 
 (items published since 1901), 296, 
 384, 448, 512, 513, 533, 543, 
 947, 955, 957, 1085, 1145, 
 1146, 1178, 1183, 1215, 1320, 
 1420, 1459, 1497, 1554, 1625, 
 1643, 1790, 2007 
 compared with conditions in foreign 
 countries, 80, 293 
 Social ethics, 438, 611, 1338 
 
 See also Ethics in business and labor 
 Social welfare, 496, 880, 1062, 1410, 
 1460, 1541 
 church-sponsored programs, 316 
 company programs, 184, 599, 1773 
 New York State, 1446 
 relief programs, 3, 243, 1472, 1861, 
 
 1864, 1868, 1869 
 social security, 3, 445, 494-96, 1349, 
 1657 
 Socialism and labor, 151, 230, 246, 
 292, 348, 416, 425, 437, 602, 681, 
 711, 725, 753-56, 843, 873, 923, 
 944, 1015, 1126, 1129, 1243, 1294, 
 1334, 1364, 1413, 1458, 1478, 
 1496, 1521, 1524, 1589, 1879, 
 1890, 1899, 1902, 1933 
 
 161
 
 Socialist Labor Party, 291, 292, 923, 
 944 
 
 Sociology, Christian, See Church and 
 labor — Christian sociology 
 
 Somerset strike, 170 
 
 South Carolina, labor organizations, 
 1514 
 
 Southern labor, 152, 554, 1049, 1064, 
 1122, 1159, 1305, 1633, 1740 
 child labor, 406 
 slave labor, 1304, 1305 
 strikes, 1065 
 textiles, 171, 470, 1068, 1158, 1160, 
 
 1265, 1321, 1360, 1489 
 women workers, 1537 
 
 Sovereigns of Industry, Order of, 313 
 
 Spies, August, 1534 
 
 Spies, labor. See Espionage, industrial 
 
 Stage employees, 104, 829, 1401 
 
 Stage Employes and Moving Picture 
 Machine Operators of the United 
 States and Canada, International 
 Alliance of Theatrical, 104, 829 
 
 Standard and cost of living, 317, 544, 
 586, 1085, 1169, 1279, 1280, 1301, 
 1581 
 (in 1860), 1117 
 (changes since late 1800's), 1809 
 
 Standard Oil of New Jersey, labor re- 
 lations at, 321 
 
 Steamfitters' Protective Association of 
 Chicago, 1103 
 
 Steelworkers, 231, 272, 410, 520, 542, 
 557, 664, 767, 827, 828, 1245, 
 1385, 1469, 1577, 1596, 1645, 
 1886, 1893, 1894, 1959, 2012 
 before unionization, 226 
 organizing methods, 1597, 1827 
 safety, 1676, 1761 
 See also Iron workers 
 
 Steelworkers of America, United, 231, 
 598, 1144, 1488, 1596, 1597, 2021 
 
 Steel Workers' Organizing Committee, 
 905, 1597, 1827 
 
 Steffans, Joseph Lincoln, 1546 
 
 Stelze, Charles, 1553 
 Stone cutters, 125 
 
 Street, Electric Railway and Motor 
 
 Coach Employees of America, 
 
 Amalgamated Association of, 31, 
 
 1254 
 
 Street railway workers, 31, 1254, 1852, 
 
 1928 
 Strikebreaking, 1010, 1042 
 Strikes and lockouts, 398, 553, 744, 
 751, 936, 1135, 1473, 1599, 1699- 
 1702, 1766, 1884, 1885, 1888 
 anthracite strikes, 79, 382, 395, 
 
 1133, 1665 
 automobile workers, 940, 1932 
 Bethlehem Steel Works, 1697 
 Burlington strike (1888), 1089, 1429 
 causes of, 110, 394, 894, 1588, 1918, 
 
 2011 
 clothing workers, 708, 835, 837, 
 
 1101, 1986 
 Colorado, 1686, 1794 
 cost of, 1253, 1988 
 economics, and, 657 
 Homestead strike, 262, 706, 1312, 
 
 1792 
 Kohler strike (1930's), 1871 
 law of, the, 341, 375, 1178 
 Lawrence, Mass., textile workers, 
 
 1698 
 longshoremen, 673, 1308, 1424 
 Michigan copper district, 1747 
 mine workers, 518, 778, 815, 966, 
 971, 1030, 1341, 1407, 1690, 
 1787 
 morality of, 1083 
 motor coach employees, 793 
 New Deal, and the, 625 
 Pennsylvania, 1646 
 prevention of, 850, 1190 
 Pullman strike, 113, 265, 308, 338, 
 
 1025, 1833, 1912 
 railroad workers, 83, 206, 208, 519, 
 639, 674, 1060, 1156, 1291, 
 1429 
 Scranton, Pa., 1034 
 Somerset, 170 
 southern labor, 1633 
 
 162
 
 Southwest strike, 27 
 steel strike of 1919, 1252 
 steelworkers, 357, 827, 828, 905, 
 1312, 1577, 1645, 1697, 1949, 
 2012 
 strategy, 390, 1557, 1989 
 street railways, 1928 
 textile workers, 277, 480, 1302, 
 
 1636, 1698, 1887 
 violence, and, 12, 253, 255, 666, 
 
 772, 1792, 1806 
 World War I, 168, 1042 
 World War II, 1756, 1762-65, 1775, 
 
 1819 
 See also General strike 
 Sweating system, 325, 1793 
 Swift, Gustavus Franklin, 1598 
 Swinton, John, 1921 
 Sylvis, William, 662, 1601 
 Syndicalism, See Revolutionary un- 
 
 Taft-Hartley Act, legislative history 
 of, 1820 
 
 Tailors, See Clothing workers 
 
 Tailor's Union of North America, In- 
 ternational, 1575, 1576 
 
 Tariff, attitude of labor toward, 357, 
 593, 1104, 1352 
 relation to wages, 1449-51, 1631 
 
 Taxation, See Labor and taxes; Single 
 Tax and the labor movement 
 
 Taylor, Frederick W., 379 
 
 Teachers, 441, 1279, 1280 
 
 Teachers, American Federation of, 46, 
 1380 
 
 Teamsters, 284, 750, 1142 
 
 Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Warehousemen 
 and Helpers of America, Interna- 
 tional Brotherhood of, 750, 1000 
 
 Technological change, 125, 857, 985, 
 991, 1048, 1159, 1166, 1323, 1366, 
 1682, 1857, 1880 
 agriculture, 1165, 1333, 1392 
 
 cigar making, 1860 
 electric lamp industry, 1768 
 postal service, 1769 
 printing, 97, 125 
 textiles, 738, 1269, 1507 
 unemployment. See Unemployment 
 — technological 
 
 Telegraphers, railroad. See Railroad 
 Telegraphers, The Order of 
 
 Telegraphers' Union, The Commer- 
 cial, 1661 
 Telegraphic Union, National, 1661 
 Telephone workers, 118, 414 
 Telephone Workers, National Federa- 
 tion of, 118 
 Ten-hour movement. See Hours of 
 
 work — ten-hour movement 
 Texas, labor movement, 26 
 
 Mexican workers, 1615 
 Textile workers, 277, 469, 812, 953, 
 1843, 1856, 1887 
 children, 406 
 
 northern, 480, 881, 1160, 1240, 
 1269, 1302, 1384, 1698, 1887, 
 1935 
 organizing the, 406 
 southern, 470, 738, 739, 1068, 1265, 
 1316, 1321, 1360, 1489 
 Textile Workers Union, National, 470 
 Textile Workers Union of America, 
 
 906, 1277 
 Theater employees. See Stage em- 
 ployees 
 Townsend National Recovery Plan, 
 
 1221 
 Trade unions, See Labor unions 
 Trade associations. See Employer as- 
 sociations 
 Trainmen, See Railroad Trainmen, 
 
 Brotherhood of 
 Tramps, See Unemployed — transient 
 Transport Workers Union of America, 
 
 1075 
 Trevellick, Richard, 748 
 Tuckerman, Joseph, 1062 
 
 163
 
 Turnover of labor, See Labor turn- 
 over 
 
 Twelve-hour day, See Hours of work 
 — twelve-hour day 
 
 Typographers, See Printers 
 
 Typographical Union, International, 
 839, 1026, 1032, 1053, 1097, 1558, 
 1641 
 Columbia Union No. 101, Wash- 
 ington, D. C, 1462 
 
 Typothetae of America, United, 1326 
 
 U 
 
 Unemployed, transient, 50, 239, 904, 
 
 1953 
 Unemployment, 52, 106, 270, 279, 
 447, 596, 604, 884, 1049, 1155, 
 1166, 1771, 1856, 2008, 2009 
 control measures, 526, 643, 1019 
 cyclical, 160 
 
 in depressed economy, 301, 332, 
 489, 516, 1088, 1157, 1421, 
 1864, 1866, 1867, 1870, 1996 
 employment offices and agencies, 
 
 and, 143, 902, 1505, 1592 
 insurance and compensation, 45, 89, 
 143, 445, 496, 581, 818, 1019, 
 1409, 1559, 1560, 1711, 1770 
 New York State, 996 
 relief measures, 14, 239, 243, 346, 
 516, 776, 792, 807, 844, 884, 
 928, 965, 1155, 1593, 1945, 
 1957 
 social effects, 105, 331, 935, 1409, 
 
 1958 
 technological, 45, 460, 544, 991, 
 
 1768, 1769, 1860 
 unions, and, 1503 
 Union label, 1525 
 
 Union Labor Party, San Francisco, 136 
 Union recognition. See Labor unions, 
 
 general — recognition of 
 U. S. Anthracite Coal Commission, 
 
 1184, 1665 
 U. S. Bureau of Labor; Bulletins 
 (1-100), 1675 
 
 Annual Reports of the Commis- 
 sioner of Labor, See U. S. Com- 
 missioner of Labor, Annual Re- 
 ports 
 Miscellaneous Reports, 1691 
 Special Reports of the Commis- 
 sioner of Labor, See U. S. 
 Commissioner of Labor, Special 
 Reports 
 U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1708, 
 1713, 1889 
 Bulletins, numbered series, 1751 
 U. S. Children's Bureau, 1634 
 U. S. Civil Service Commission, 1785, 
 
 1786 
 U. S. Civilian Conservation Corps, 
 
 792, 1255 
 U. S. Commission on Industrial Rela- 
 tions (1912), 1788 
 U. S. Commissioner of Labor, Annual 
 
 Reports, 1674 
 U. S. Commissioner of Labor, Special 
 
 Reports, 1696 
 U. S. Conciliation Service, 215 
 U. S. Department of Labor, 95, 1035, 
 1284, 1811 
 Wage and Hour Division, 1453 
 U. S. Employment Service, 899, 1505 
 U. S. Federal Emergency Relief Ad- 
 ministration, 776, 1859, 1861, 
 1945, 1957 
 U. S. Industrial Commission (1898), 
 
 Reports, 1818 
 U. S. Maritime Commission, 964 
 U. S. National Defense Mediation 
 
 Board, 1760, 1828 
 U. S. National Labor Relations Board, 
 198, 201, 232, 481, 656, 1033, 
 1148, 1234, 1348, 1490, 1666, 
 1970 
 See also Taft-Hartley Act, Wagner 
 Act 
 U. S. National Mediation Board, 1825, 
 
 1826 
 U. S. National Railroad Adjustment 
 Board, 1039, 1529, 1808 
 
 164
 
 U. S. National Recovery Administra- 
 tion, 35, 419, 439, 569, 625, 832, 
 871, 1054, 1070, 1115, 1365, 1395, 
 1548, 1620, 1837 
 
 U. S. National Wage Stabilization 
 Board, 606, 1362, 1756 
 See also U. S. Wage Adjustment 
 Board; U. S. National War La- 
 bor Board 
 
 U. S. National War Labor Board, 
 1362, 1750, 1827, 1828 
 
 U. S. National Youth Administration, 
 1024 
 
 U. S. President and labor disputes, 
 154, 382 
 See also Emergency disputes 
 
 U. S. Public Works Administration, 
 816, 844 
 See also U. S. Works Progress Ad- 
 ministration 
 
 U. S. Railroad Labor Board, 145, 156, 
 1668, 1904, 1975 
 
 U. S. Railroad Retirement Board, 1667 
 
 U. S. Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment 
 Board, 1730 
 
 U. S. Steel Corporation, 664, 1608 
 
 U. S. Supreme Court and labor, 1202, 
 1612 
 See also Labor and the courts. 
 Court decisions 
 
 U. S. Wage Adjustment Board, 464, 
 511, 1362 
 
 U. S. War Manpower Commission, 15 
 
 U. S. Works Progress Administration, 
 776, 1861 
 Federal Theatre Project, 1945 
 
 Unorganized labor, See Non-union 
 
 workers 
 Unskilled workers, 781, 1895 
 housing, 1990 
 income and wages, 378 
 Upholsterers' International Union of 
 
 North America, 1438 
 Urbanization, 1854 
 
 Usury, 1536 
 
 Utah, laws and legislation, 135 
 
 V 
 
 Violence, 12, 255, 424, 772, 805, 1275, 
 1600, 1788, 1897, 2018 
 
 Centralia conspiracy, 318, 960 
 
 Chinese massacre, Wyoming Terri- 
 tory, 227 
 
 communism, and, 180 
 
 Dynamite Plot, National, 266, 1087 
 
 general strikes, and, 389 
 
 Haymarket affair, 405, 1650 
 
 Herrin conspiracy, 57 
 
 Industrial Workers of the World, 
 1510 
 
 Molly Maguires, 18, 167, 1060 
 
 railroad strikes, 253, 1060 
 
 steel strikes, 557, 1577 
 
 syndicalism, and, 449 
 
 use of troops in, 253 
 
 western mining areas, in, 129, 699, 
 815, 853, 933, 971, 972, 1341 
 
 See also Revolutionary unionism — 
 and violence; Strikes and lock- 
 outs — and violence 
 
 Virginia, labor movement, 1540 
 Negro workers, 252, 847 
 
 Vocational education, See Industrial 
 education 
 
 Voluntarism, 749 
 
 See also Labor unions, general — 
 philosophies of 
 
 Vorse, Mary H., 1884 
 
 W 
 
 Wage Adjustment Board, See U. S. 
 
 Wage Adjustment Board 
 Wage stabilization. See U. S. National 
 
 Wage Stabilization Board; U. S. 
 
 National War Labor Board; U. S. 
 
 Wage Adjustment Board 
 Wages and salaries, 38, 64, 165, 336, 
 
 446, 985, 1115, 1420, 1449, 1450, 
 
 1628, 1705, 1896 
 
 165
 
 Wages and salaries, (continued) 
 arbitration of, 1517 
 clothing workers, 685 
 depressed economy, in, 186, 386 
 governmental regulation of, 1453 
 guaranteed wages, 980 
 historical survey of, 17, 293, 444, 
 943, 1012, 1036, 1670, 1704, 
 1731, 1881, 1997, 1999 
 incentive systems, 37, 914, 1209 
 Massachusetts, 1201, 1208, 1999 
 mine workers, 1046 
 minimum wage legislation, 53, 205, 
 528, 1201, 1202, 1208, 1250, 
 1578, 1748, 1749, 1835 
 payment, laws relating to, 1774 
 railroad workers, 878, 1567, 1946 
 steel workers, 1676 
 structure, 1354 
 uniformity, 1006, 1058 
 unskilled workers, 378 
 women workers, 814, 1652 
 Wagner Act, 481, 656, 1108, 1148, 
 1490 
 legislative history of, 1821 
 See also U. S. National Labor Re- 
 lations Board 
 War labor policies, WW I, 168, 606, 
 632, 683, 874, 1730, 1782, 1917, 
 1926, 1974 
 War labor policies, WW II, 261, 521, 
 606, 874, 964, 1332, 1355, 1362, 
 1367, 1465, 1556, 1750, 1756, 
 1828, 1970 
 War Manpower Commission, See 
 U. S. War Manpower Commission 
 Warehouse and Distribution Workers 
 
 Union, 284 
 Welfare, See Social welfare 
 West Virginia, mine workers, 966, 
 
 1185, 1400, 1803 
 Western Federation of Miners, 129, 
 
 699, 853, 971, 972 
 Weydemeyer, Joseph, 1243 
 Whalemen, 763 
 White collar worl»ii_^ jSei t Clerical 
 
 employees 
 
 Ci-T 
 
 Whitney, Alexander F., 1061 
 Wisconsin, Civil War period, 1110 
 Industrial Commission, 30 
 laws and legislation, 245, 669, 1201 
 Women in industry, 2, 6, 13, 48, 336, 
 441, 477, 601, 649, 782, 813, 
 1082, 1086, 1220, 1452, 1513, 
 1671, 1695, 1705, 1708, 1799, 
 1836, 1838, 1842, 1850-52, 1878, 
 1967 
 bookbinding trades, 1876 
 cotton and textile industries, 28, 
 
 881, 1384, 1955 
 depressed economy, in, 1330 
 early history of, 289, 1537, 1652 
 immigrants, 1841 
 industrial homework, 1873 
 large cities, 100, 713, 1218, 1259, 
 
 1264, 1363, 1648, 1706 
 laws and legislation, 1840, 1848, 
 
 1849 
 meatpacking industry, 1163, 1839 
 Negro, 1844, 1845, 2013 
 occupations, 712, 1847, 1853 
 retail trades, 268, 440, 442 
 unionism, and, 196, 454, 734, 735, 
 
 740, 1125, 1800, 1978 
 wartime, 931, 1846, 1849, 2013 
 working conditions and wages, 62, 
 140, 197, 287, 325, 564, 708, 
 743, 814, 1248, 1272, 1457, 
 1767, 1835, 1837 
 working mothers, 78, 799 
 
 Wood workers, 423 
 
 See also Lumber workers 
 Woodworkers' International Union of 
 North America, Amalgamated, 
 423 
 Workers' education, 209, 399, 418, 
 615, 684, 716, 761, 885, 917, 956, 
 1447, 1709, 1842, 1906 
 Working conditions, 88, 592, 642, 988, 
 1007, 1441, 1518, 1788, 1791, 
 1907, 1908, 2008, 2009 
 Civil War, 264 
 
 exploitation and sweating, 325, 1625 
 Hawaii, 1741 
 hazardous occupations, 676 
 
 166
 
 Maine, 1943 employer liability, 199, 434, 436, 
 
 mine workers, 408, 640, 1621 451, 452, 475, 624, 690, 731, 
 
 New York, 509, 1225-27 1140, 1214, 1617, 1872 
 
 relations with employers, 184, 613, ^^rks councils, 1206, 1211, 1831 
 
 ^"'" See also Shop committees 
 
 women workers, 48, 440-42, 1878 ,», , „ .... 
 
 ... . . , , , ,^^^ Works Progress Admmistration, See 
 
 Workmgmen s clubs, 1045 U. S. Works Progress Administra- 
 
 Workingmen's Party (1830), 504, 1590 tion 
 
 Sf °Y™rk Ci" 159, 801 ^righ, Carroll D., 1889 
 
 Workmen's Circle, 809 bright, Frances, 1920, 1979 
 
 Workmen's insurance and compensa- 
 tion, 66, 245, 320, 452, 690, 1140, Y 
 
 1214, 1357, 1707, 1717, 1776-81, 
 
 jgjg Yellow dog contracts, 1468 
 
 laws and legislation, 1128 Yorke, Peter C, 488 
 
 
 167
 
 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS-URBANA 
 
 016.3310973ST8L C001 
 
 LABOR HISTORY IN THE UNITED STATES URBAN 
 
 A