THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY C HI87Fm The person charging this material is re- sponsible for its return to the library from which it was withdrawn on or before the Latest Date stamped below. Theft, mutilation, and underlining of books are reasons for disciplinary action and may result in dismissal from the University. To renew call Telephone Center, 333-8400 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN OCT 2 2 1986 OCT 1 3 1988 JUN 18199 L161— O-1096 «n««" w ttJ.WttlUWW College of Hampden Sidney Dictionary of Biography 1776-1825 BV A. J. MORRISON JUL > Lm «» 7 1922 PUBLISHED BY HAMPDEN SIDNEY COLLEGE HAMPDEN SIDNEY, VA. Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2012 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign http://archive.org/details/collegeofhampdenOOmorr 02 A petition of snnftrg inhabitants of ttje runntg of flrinre lEfttuarb, tutjose names are tljereunin subscribed, mas presented to the ifouse an& rea&: setting fiDcrtifn ttjat tljey Ijeartilg approtre utxb rljeerfullg submit tt|emselues to ttje form of gouernment afcupteii for tljis l^tate, anb Ijope iljat tlje luiteb American States mill long mniinue free an& independent: tljat itjeg esteem tlje last artirle of tfje Hill of Sights as tlje rising snn of religions libertg, to reliette tljem from a long nigljt of errlesiastiral bondage, anit bo most earnestly request ani expert tljat tljis Ijuuse mill go on to romplete tuljat is so nnblij begun, iljat is, to raise religions as mell as rttttl libertn to tlje ^emtlj of glorg, ani make Hirginia an asglum for free enquiry, knowl- edge, anft tl|e uirtnous of etterg denomination. Journal House of Delegates of Virginia, Friday, October 11, 1776 W841.0 NOTE T HAS seemed well to put together a sort of biographical dictionary of Hampden Sidney College before the year 1825. As it happened, 1825 marks a turning point for Hampden Sid- ney itself, regardless of the opening of the University of Virginia. But it should be interesting to know something of what Hampden Sidney had accomplished during the half century from its foundation to 1825. Such founda- tions were not wholly pleasing to Mr. Jefferson, not thor- oughly understood by him, and of course he was right in wanting a University. The material of this dictionary falls into two parts, one for the eighteenth century and one for the nineteenth, each with its index. There is a certain pleasure in classi- fication, notwithstanding the insuperable difficulties. The result in this instance perhaps is that the small book is more a reading book than a reference book. However, the opportunity has been made use of to offer a revision (not yet thorough), of the general catalogue of Hampden Sidney College as far as 1825, — that is to say, through the printed catalogue for 1824. By recourse to the Min- utes of the Board of Trustees, and to the Minutes of the Literary Societies, about a hundred and fifty names have been recovered for the list and a good many corrections entered. The student's place of origin has been regarded as of great importance. Sometimes this has been guessed at. It is hoped that the geography of the catalogue is on Hampden Sidney College the whole adequately sketched out. Unless otherwise indi- cated Virginia is the state in the case. Such a dictionary as this is naturally an affair of slow growth. As early as 1782 the Trustees ordered a blank book for the posting of every proceeding relative to the Academy. The work was begun, but how far carried is uncertain. A few fragments remain. In 1828 the Board appointed a Committee (Dr. Rice, Mr. Gushing, and Richard N. Venable) to prepare a history of the College. As an outcome, apparently, George W. Dame before 1835 accumulated a mass of material, historical and statistical, which was all lost. Dr. Dame said that among these papers was a full catalogue. In 1842 President Maxwell, Mr. Sparrow, and James D. Wood were a Committee of the Board to prepare a catalogue of the Alumni. If they had access to Dr. Dame's catalogue, nothing was said about it and nothing was done about it. During the year 1850 the Philanthropic Society printed a catalogue of its members. Professor Venable and Lewis Holladay were of the Com- mittee to do the work; which was hurriedly done, but ac- knowledgments are due for that which was done. In 1856 the Union Society printed its catalogue, also a disappoint- ment and a valued document. During 1857 (before the month of June) the College issued a catalogue of degree men. Joseph McMurran was the compiler, perhaps at the suggestion of Professor Martin. The Philanthropic So- ciety brought out its second general catalogue in 1860; many names were added, for the college had been pros- perous for ten years. After the war the College published "a catalogue general and annual from January 1, 1776, to June 13, 1867." Professor Martin, who had charge of Dictionary of Biography the general part (degree men only), made this note — easily understood, — "From 1863 to 1866 inclusive there were no graduates." This catalogue is one of the war books. June 1875, Professor Lewis Holladay and Judge F. N. Watkins were appointed by the Board a Committee "to cause a catalogue of the Alumni and former students, trustees, faculty, etc., to be prepared and published," and at the Centennial Commencement, June 1876, "the mem- bers of the faculty were associated with Professor Holla- day in the preparation of a catalogue, etc., of the insti- tution from its origin." At the same time, the Rev. T. W. Hooper, a member of the Board of Trustees, was ap- pointed to write a complete history of this Centennial Commencement. It appears that Professor Holladay and Dr. Atkinson (President of the College) interested Mr. Charles Van Woodson, of Prince Edward County, in the assembling of notes for a general catalogue; and that President Mcllwaine persuaded Dr. Hooper to take over Mr. Woodson's material, work it up, and add to it. Dr. Mcllwaine himself sent out printed questionnaires in fur- therance of the secular task. Dr. Hooper shaped up his material for the printer, manuscript covering the period 1776-1892. As late as 1896 Dr. Mcllwaine was having questionnaires returned to him, data regarding students at the College as early as 1812. What became of the bulk of Dr. Mcllwaine's questionnaire material is a mystery. And nothing was done about Dr. Hooper's manuscript un- til President McAllister and Professor Bagby took hold of it. In 1908, under Dr. Bagby's editorship, there was pub- lished a "general catalogue of the officers and students of Hampden Sidney College Hampden Sidney College: 1776-1906." Dr. Bagby, by his plan, was forced to re-arrange Dr. Hooper's material; and within the space allowed him, Dr. Bagby could not use all of Dr. Hooper's biographical data. Dr. Bagby was at vast pains to make an index to his catalogue, which is about as perfect as any such work can be. How unfortunate that after all these intentions and attempts (including the work now submitted) there is so much still to do. There is pertinence in Taine's remark about the duty of each generation in the item of taking care of its dead: a service we owe especially to those among us who have left but an inexact or incomplete idea of themselves. It is a regret to Dr. Eggleston, who is now in charge of Hampden Sidney College, that the institution has been too neglectful of this plain obligation; and he has encouraged this work. To Dr. Eggleston the work is inscribed, for without his interest, shown from first to last, the idea could hardly have been realized. A. J. Morrison. August, 1920. November, 1921. Ctgjrteenti) Centurp Sanclus .Amor Patriae Dal Minimum — Sidney list Aiken, James, 1796 Cumberland ( ?) Alexander, Archibald : see 1799 Allen, Cary, 1788 Cumberland Allen, William Austin, 1802 Powhatan Baker, William, 1787 Prince Edward ( ?) Bell, David, 1786 Buckingham or Prince Edward Bibb, George M., 1791 Prince Edward Blythe, James, 1788 North Carolina Bolling, Archibald, 1786 Buckingham Brown, Andrew, 1791 South Carolina Brown, George, 1800 Charlotte Cabell, George, 1779 Buckingham Cabell, George, Jr., 1789 Nelson Cabell, Hector, 1778 Nelson Cabell, Joseph, Jr., 1778 Buckingham Cabell, Joseph C, 1796 : Nelson Cabell, Landon, 1780 Nelson Cabell, Nicholas, Jr., 1799 Nelson Cabell, William, Jr., 1780 Nelson Cabell, William H., 1789 Nelson Calhoun, George, 1792 Prince Edward Calhoun, William, 1787 Prince Edward Caldwell, Allen, 1790 Charlotte Caldwell, John, 1792 Charlotte ( ?) Callaway, Henry, 1788 Amherst Callaway, Robert, 1788 Amherst Campbell, John P., 1791 Augusta Carr, Dabney, 1789 Louisa Carrington, Clement, 1776 Charlotte Carrington, Paul, Jr., 1776 Charlotte Carter, James, 1788 Prince Edward (?) Charles, James, 1788 York ( ?) Clay, Joseph, 1781 Georgia Cocke, James, 1789 Powhatan Cocke, John, 1791 List] 11 Cocke, John R., 1799 Cocke, William Archer, 1789 Powhatan Cole, James D., 1800 Charlotte (?) Cole, William, 1796 Albemarle ( ?) Coleman, Henry E., 1786 Halifax Coles, Walter, 1790 Albemarle Craghead, George, 1778 Mecklenburg (?) Crawford, , 1785 Amherst (Nelson) (?) Daniel, William, 1791 ; Cumberland (?) Dickson, Hugh, 1796 South Carolina Doak, Samuel, (see 1776- '83 ) Dobbins, Robert, 1799 South Carolina Dodson, Daniel, 1794 '. Prince Edward (?) Drew, Benjamin, 1786 _ Cumberland (?) Early, Abner, 1788 Amherst or Bedford Epes, John, 1790 Nottoway ( ?) Eppes, John W., 1786 Chesterfield Plournoy, David, 1791 Powhatan ( ?) Flournoy, Patrick H., 1791 Fontaine, Patrick H., 1791 Giles, William B., 1779 Amelia Hackley, Samuel, 1776 Culpeper Harrison, William H., 1787 Charles City Henry, Edward, 1789 Prince Edward Henry, John T., 1791 Hill, William, 1789 Cumberland Holcombe, Henry, 1781 Prince Edward Humphreys, Solomon, 1793 Hurt, Robert, 1800 James, Thomas, 1786 Jameson, Clement R. ? 1792 Charlotte Jennings, Jacob, 1791 Prince Edward ( ?) Jennings, Samuel K., 1791 Prince Edward (?) Jones, Francis, 1791 Nottoway or Amelia Jones, James, 1791 Nottoway Jones, John, 1800 Johnston, Andrew, 1784 Prince Edward 12 [List Johnston, Charles, 1783 Prince Edward Johnston, Edward, 1783 Prince Edward Johnston, Peter, 1776 Prince Edward King, John, 1786 Prince Edward (?) Lamkin, (Lambdin), John, 1790 Amelia Lee, Aylett, 1779 „ Westmoreland Legrand, Nash, 1786 Prince Edward Lockett, Samuel, 1800 Mecklenburg Lockett, Thomas, 1800 ■. Mecklenburg Lumpkin, Griffin, 1799 Nottoway Lyle, James, 1791 McRobert, Ebenezer, 1786 Prince Edward McRobert, Theodorick, 1786 .Prince Edward Madison, William, 1778 „ Orange Meade, David, 1786 Prince George or Amelia Means, George, 1792 Richmond ( ?) Miller, John, 1799 _ _ Mills, Charles, 1799 Mitchell, James, (see 1776-83) Montgomery, Benjamin R., 1799, A. B South Carolina Moore, George, 1791 _ Lunenburg Morton, John Archer, 1791 Morton, Jacob, 1795 Morton, Thomas A., 1791 Prince Edward Mosby, Wade, 1777 Powhatan Moseley, Edward, 1800 _ Moseley, William, 1792 Powhatan (?) Nash, John T., 1800 Pattillo, Henry, 1787 North Carolina Plummer, Kemp, 1786 Gloucester Poage, Thomas, 1790., A. B., Augusta Price, Charles, 1792 Read, Clement, 1787, A. B Charlotte Rice, James Hervey, 1793 _ Kentucky (?) Robins, John G. , 1795 Royall, John, 1789 Powhatan Sandifer, Abram, 1789 Charlotte Sankey, John, 1788 Prince Edward List] 13 Scott, Charles, 1776 Prince Edward Scott, John B., 1777 Prince Edward Shields, Patrick, 1787 Pittsylvania Sims, David, 1791 Charlotte ( ?) Smith, David, 1790, A. B Pennsylvania Spencer, John, 1790 Charlotte ( ?) Spencer, William, 1788 Charlotte ( ?) Springer, John, (see 1776- '83 ) Sydnor, William, 1790 _ Trent, Stephen, 1787 Cumberland Turpin, Thomas, 1786 Powhatan Venable, Abraham B., 1778 Prince Edward Venable, Joseph, 1780 Charlotte Venable, Nathaniel, 1794 Prince Edward Venable, Richard N., 1779 Prince Edward Venable, Samuel W., 1777 „ Prince Edward Venable, William L., 1800 Prince Edward Waddel, Moses, 1791, A. B North Carolina Wade, Anderson, 1794 Prince Edward Ward, Edward, 1789 Nottoway (Amelia) Watkins, Francis, 1790 Prince Edward Watkins, Henry A., 1789 Charlotte Watkins, Henry E., 1796 Prince Edward Watkins, William M., 1791, A. B _ Charlotte Watt, James, 1786, A. B Williamson, Thomas, 1796 South Carolina ( ?) Williamson, William, 1790, A. B South Carolina Wilson, John M., 1791, A. B North Carolina WiNGPiELD, Charles, 1779 Albemarle Witherspoon, David (see 1776- '83) Wood, John H., 1791 Goochland (?) Woodson, Blake, B., 1789 „ Cumberland 17764783 Samuel Stanhope Smith The cultivation of science is ever esteemed an object of great importance by the wise and good. They who have turned their attention to it with the most success are always the most anxious to promote it amongst others. That libe- rality of sentiment, that refinement of soul, thac capacity for public usefulness, and that unaffected morality and religion which usually accompany real knowledge, are strong induce- ments to the judicious to desire an extensive diffusion of its salutary influence. - o The Presbyterian clergy in Virginia have uniformly aimed at this from their first settlement in the country. They repeatedly instituted and patronized seminaries of learning in their different circles. But the small degree of influence which they possessed in the older counties under the estab- lishment and the narrowness of their private fortunes, ren- dered their efforts of that sort very feeble, and no remark- able advantage was derived from their small, local schools. Convinced of the necessity of something more extensive and popular, they endeavored to erect and promote by sub- scription, a public academy, in which the various parts of science should be taught, and which should render education more conveniently attainable in counties remote from the seat of government, where the College of William and Mary had been long before established. In the year 1772 an at- tempt of this kind was made, but through some fatality the benevolent design miscarried. Two years afterwards when they had recovered a little from the discouragement, it was repeated with greater success. At this time the Rev. Samuel Stanhope Smith arrived in Virginia; a man well qualified in many respects for con- ducting such a design. He had been for some years em- 1776-1783] 15 ployed as a Professor in the College of Nassau Hall, New Jersey, with much credit both on account of his abilities and conduct. Though a young man he was fully equal to the task of superintending the scheme in contemplation. The Pres- bytery, therefore, immediately turned their attention to him as a principal in the affair. And through their solicitation and the earnest desire of many respectable characters amongst the people who had become acquainted with his merit, Mr. Smith consented to take upon him the direction of such an institution as has been mentioned, provided the expedient of a subscription should succeed. The com- mencement of the dispute between Great Britain and America at this time formed in some measure a coalition of religious parties. At least all orders of men who were determined to defend the liberties of their country found that they needed each other's assistance, and this gradually introduced liberal sentiments, which were favorable to the promotion of the Academy. Amongst the subscribers were a great number of names which belonged to different relig- ious denominations.* Mr. Smith, plainly a founder of the Academy of Hampden Sidney, was a son of Dr. Eobert Smith of Pennsylvania, a native of Londonderry in the north of Ireland, who had for many years been a minister of the Presbyterian Church and a teacher of boys in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. Samuel Stanhope Smith was born in the year 17J50 at Pequea, his father's home; was strictly trained in his father's school (where he learned to speak Latin without halting) and graduated at Princeton in 1769 at the head of his class. Tutor at Princeton three years, about 1773 Mr. Smith came to Virginia as a missionary of his church and for the sake of his health. He was a man of letters and science and piety and good manners, and his success was pronounced as preacher and in general. It is as certain as any conjec- ture that if Mr. Smith and his friends had not established a school in Prince Edward County, at the place called Statement of 1782 by a Committee of the Trustees. 16 [1776-1783 Hampden Sidney, before the active Revolution, there would never have been a school established there. Samuel Stan- hope Smith returned to Princeton in 1779. He had been greatly instrumental in giving this idea of an Academy a local habitation and a name. This is about all that can be said briefly about the first Rector. He was equal to his destiny in the matter of organizing an Academy in Prince Edward County. His later career is matter of larger his- tory. He was President of Princeton College. Before his death in 1819 he had come to be as widely known as any man of his profession in the United States. Rector Smith 's plan for the Academy of Hampden Sidney was enlightened and commonsense. He said in the fall of 1775: ''The system of education will resemble that which is adopted in the College of New Jersey, save that a more particular attention shall be paid to the cultivation of the English language than is usually done in places of public education. Three masters and professors are ready to enter in November, and as many more may be easily procured as the increased number of students may at any time hereafter require. And our prospects at present are so extremely flattering that it is probable we shall be obliged to procure two professors more before the expiration of the year. . . . It is true the Presbyterian clergy first concerted the measure, as friends to the interests of learning and virtue, which had lain neglected long enough, and under their auspices it acquired considerable maturity. But far from being governed by contracted notions, that they might extend the utility of the institution they have now yielded the power of visitation and of managing the general concern of the Academy into the hands of trustees who are chiefly of the Church of England." George Craghead George Craghead was one of the first students at Hamp- den Sidney and one of the earliest annalists of the place. 1776-1783] 17 He came to the Academy at its opening and continued his studies there until November, 1778, when he was taken away and sent to Washington-Henry Academy in Hanover County. He was living perhaps as late as 1845. In a letter of remin- iscence written to Judge F. N. Watkins of Prince Edward County, Mr. Craghead said: "In May, 1776, the walls of the Academy were about three feet high, and on account of scar- city of room for the students to study in, they obtained leave from the undertaker [contractor, we say], Mr. Cole- man, to erect little huts with the shingles that were intended to cover the Academy. There were eight or ten of these huts, and at night a candle being placed on a plank in each hut showed how intent the inhabitants were in studying till 9 or 10 o'clock. That year the students devoted their time to study; very little time went to recreation or amuse- ment. About the first of July, Mr. Hackley, a student about twenty years of age, universally beloved, was taken with a fever and in a few days died. At the opening of the school Capt. Philemon Holcomb engaged with the Trustees to act as steward for the small sum of £8 per year for diet, for washing and bed £3 ; pro- visions at that time very cheap and plenty. Capt. Holcomb resigned his office January 1st, 1777, having given the Trus- tees previous notice, and Mr. William Bibb was chosen for one year at the price of £11. The Declaration of Indepen- dence coming in the summer of 1776, there was much en- thusiasm among the students to learn the rudiments of the art of war. They formed a company, adopted a uniform (a hunting shirt dyed purple) and chose officers, John Blair Smith, captain ; David Witherspoon, lieutenant ; and Samuel Venable, ensign. In September, 1777, those members of the company over sixteen years of age exchanged their numbers, (with the advice of the President) for No. 1 in the militia of the county and marched to Williamsburg to defend the place. They were soon discharged without any fighting, and as the fall vacation was about to take place, they returned to their expected homes. Several of them never returned to 18 [1776-1783 the Academy — some entered into the United States army as officers, and others enlisted as common soldiers. Towards the end of 1777 [rations getting scarce] Mr. Bibb, the steward, very abruptly quit. The Academy was likely to have been discontinued, but Mr. Nathaniel Venable, Mr. James Allen, senior, and I believe, Captain John Morton, united and agreed to furnish provisions for twelve months, and employed a Mr. Young with his family to attend to the cooking, etc., for the sum of £20 only per student : they acted faithfully until the end of the year 1778, but lost very con- siderably on account of the depreciation of paper money. In the next year, 1779, I was informed that the students found themselves chiefly with provisions, and employed cooks, a poor business I expect. I am satisfied [Mr. Craghead's letter ran on] there never was as many students at Hampden Sidney after the year 1776. I often heard the then steward, Capt. Holcomb, say he boarded seventy-five that year; the rest boarded in the neighborhood, and some few boarded at home. The names of the students were placed at first in three classes, No. 1, 2, and 3. At the examination it was usual to say white, yellow, black. Those who had been very studious and dis- tinguished themselves before the examiners were publicly applauded by the President before the students were dis- missed (for the term), and those who had been negligent were also named, with disapprobation. With respect to the yellow list, nothing was said, pro or con. The President always informed the students that there was a roll con- stantly kept, wherein were recorded the names of every student, the time of their entry and departure, their place of residence, but above all, the manner in which each had conducted himself — that at a future day it would appear at the Academy whose conduct had been approved of and whose had been censured, which ought, he said, to stimulate every student who had any regard for his future character. There were two societies at the Academy in 1776, one was denominated the Cliosophic, (I believe) and the other Tully 1776-1783] 19 Whitfield, which last was changed and called the American Whig Society. They kept records of all their proceedings and I never knew a single sentence to be expunged." It is to be regretted that George Craghead did not write on and still on. And it is a pity that the negligence of col- lege officials let all those records disappear. So far as any- body knows, there is not any excuse for the meagreness of the records of Hampden Sidney College. Very little has been lost by fire. In his account of the literary societies of the Academy, it is not unlikely that Mr. Craghead was in error. Samuel Stanhope Smith was one of the founders of the American Whig Society at Princeton ; John Blair Smith, David Wither- spoon, Doak and Springer were members of that Society. It is reasonable to suppose that the first societies at Hamp- den Sidney were the American Whig and the Tully Whit- field, the name of the latter being changed to Cliosophic. When Archibald Alexander made his first missionary jour- ney into Southside Virginia, he was hospitably entertained in Lunenburg County by Captain William Craighead (or Craghead) who had been an intimate friend of Samuel Davies in Hanover, and by William Cowan, the only Presby- terians in the Reedy Creek neighborhood of Lunenburg. William Craghead was the son of Thomas Craghead (Creag- head, Craighead), probably son of Robert Creaghead, minis- ter of Donoghmore, north of Ireland. Thoma3 Craghead was a minister in New England, Pennsylvania and Delaware. He died in the pulpit in 1739. His younger brother was Alexander Craighead, well-known in Presbyterian annals; and his son, George Creaghead, was a Judge in Delaware, and speaker of the Council. It is possible that Captain William Craghead, who was an elder in Davies 's church in Hanover, had been brought to Virginia by Davies. William Craghead married a daughter of the elder James Hunt (Life of Alexander, p. 137). Captain Craghead died in 1803 at an advanced age. William Cowan died in 1806 ; he had been a Trustee of Hampden Sidney College, and his will was 20 [1776-1783 witnessed by George Craghead. "William Oaghead's will contains mention of his sons George and Thomas Thompson, and of his grandson, Edwin Sandys. George Craghead, who died in 1851, made mention in his will of his brother, Thomas Thompson; and ordered payment of subscription by the testator for five Hampden Sidney scholarships, book value $500. The executor named was Dr. Richard J. H. Hatchett, a Trustee of Hampden Sidney College, 1847-1852. George Craghead 's will is apparently the work of a bachelor, a very old bachelor. If George Craghead, who died in 1851 was the writer of the reminiscences printed by Dr. Foote, he must have been an old man, ninety years old or nearly ninety. Dr. Foote does not indicate exactly when Mr. Crag- head's letter was written. It is at least probable that the letter was written after 1846. Dr. Foote did not begin his work on his sketches of Virginia until about 1846 ; and Judge F. N. Watkins, to whom Mr. Craghead 's letter was written, was not a Trustee of Hampden Sidney College until 1844. This is slim evidence. If Dr. Foote had been exact in his reference, we should be able to place George Craghead, author of this most interesting letter, without any difficulty. It seems, however, likely enough that George Craghead, a student at Hampden Sidney in 1776, whose connection with the place would have been forgotten but for Mr. Watkins and Dr. Foote, died after the Mexican War, in Lunenburg County. Such is the concatenation of the times. Samuel Hackley b. 1756, d. 1776. "The last will and testament of Samuel Hackley — In the name of God, Amen. I, Samuel Hackley, of Culpeper County, in Virginia, being in a weak state of body, tho' yet of a sound mind, do make and declare this to be my last and only will and testament. After resigning my spirit to God who gave it, and my body to the dust to be buried in a decent manner, I do in consideration of the paternal care which my uncle, William Ball of the above-mentioned County, has always exercised over me and the expenses he has incurred 1776-1783] 21 on my account, give and bequeath to him, the said William Ball, the whole of my estate, real and personal, to his own proper use and to dispose of it as he shall think proper, and moreover constitute him the sole executor of this, my last will and testament. Given under my hand this 30th day of July, Anno Domini, 1776. SAMUEL HACKLEY. Signed, sealed and delivered in the presence of Phill. Hol- combe, [steward of the Academy] ; John Blair Smith." This will was presented by the executor, Mr. Ball, at August Court, 1776, Prince Edward Co., proved and ad- mitted to record. Dr. Foote (I, 400) mentions the death of "Mr. Hackley, a student about twenty years of age, univer- sally beloved," who was taken with a fever in July, 1776, and in a few days died. The students were overcrowded that first year of the Academy. Wade Mosby, in his pension affidavit many years after, must have confused Samuel Hackley with Samuel Venable, but in the circumstances it is strange he should have made the mistake. Peter Johnston b. 1763, d. 1831. Peter Johnston, the elder, donor of the land upon which Hampden Sidney College stands, a native of Edinburgh, was born in the year 1710 and died in Prince Edward County in 1786 : apparently the life of no person connected with Hampden Sidney College fell farther back into the eighteenth century. Peter Johnston was late in marrying. His oldest son, Peter Johnston, was entered a pupil at Hampden Sidney Academy before the year 1780, perhaps as early as 1776. It was his father's purpose that he should become a minister of the Church of England. About the year 1780, young Peter Johnston asked his father to let him join the American army. The old gentleman refused, being something of a Tory; whereupon the laddie who would go to the wars abruptly took leave of his father and of scholastic pursuits. He rode away to join Lee in the South, mounting a horse, possibly the best in his father's 22 [1776-1783 stable. His record in the army was excellent. After the war Peter Johnston came home and studied law. He did well at the bar, and was soon in politics, representing Prince Edward County thirteen terms in the legislature, from 1792 to 1811. He was steadily in the House, of which he was speaker during 1806 and 1807. In 1811 Peter Johnston was elected circuit judge in the Prince Edward region. He exchanged circuits with Judge Brockenbrough, and removed to Southwest Virginia. His home was at Abingdon. Judge Johnston was fond of society, of books, and of fox hunting. He married a niece of Patrick Henry, and named his nine sons mostly after friends he had made in the army, e. g., John Warfield, Charles Clement, Beverly Eandolph and Joseph Eggleston. (Article by Dr. Geo. Ben Johnston in Kaleidoscope, 1908.) Judge Johnston supplied a good deal, and very interesting material, to Garden's Anecdotes of the Revolution. Clement Carrington b. 1762, d. 1847. Son of Judge Paul Carrington, the elder, of Charlotte County. A student at Hampden Sidney Academy perhaps from the first organization of the school, Clement Carrington enlisted as a volunteer with local troops drafted (including many from the Academy), and marched with them to Williamsburg about 1777. After this 'Hour of duty" was over, he returned to school. He was then for a short time in Capt. Thomas Watkins's troop (Gen. Law- son's brigade) at Brandon on James River. Coming home, he was soon roused up in the night by an alarm that Corn- wallis was at Dan River. This time there was severe work ahead. As a cadet in Lee's Legion (a cadet drew no pay or clothes) Clement Carrington fought in the Southern Army, and came near dying of a bayonet wound at Eutaw. After the war he went west, but came home and settled down on his plantation in Charlotte, "Edgehill." He was a good manager and made a success of his farm. He was years getting over his wounds of 1781, but shortly before his death 1776-1783] 23 rode erect on his horse, in good flesh, and had lost only one tooth. Long a Trustee of Hampden Sidney College, Col. Carrington made repeated and generous donations to its funds. Hugh Blair Grigsby, the historian, married his daughter. Virginia Historical Register, II, 166-169. Grigsby 's Centennial Address (Hampden Sidney) p. VI. Paul Carrington Sept. 26, 1776, the Board of Trustees of Hampden Sidney Academy entered a minute that Messrs. N. Venable and P. Carrington be allowed to build cabins on the premises for their sons. That was a time when the plant idea was not overgrown in schools, and improvisations could be readily (not always happily) worked. The Board's minute is not proof that Paul Carrington, the younger, was a student at the Academy in 1776. It is, however, very likely that he was. Paul Carrington, the younger, was the son of Judge Paul Carrington, Trustee, etc. He was born in 1764 ; joined the army like his brother Clement; was at the battle of Guilford Courthouse, and saw other hard service; studied law at William and Mary after 1781, and before his death in 1816 had been for some years on the bench of the General Court. He also was a Trustee of Hampden Sidney College. His home was in Charlotte County. John Baytop Scott Thomas Scott, a Trustee of Hampden Sidney College, had several sons. His grandson, Judge Christopher Scott, of Arkansas, said that Thomas Scott had educated all of his sons at Hampden Sidney and at William and Mary. The statement does not show that all of the sons were at both colleges. Thomas Scott's sons were Francis, (born in 1756 and married in 1777); John B., born 1761; Charles, born 1763; and Thomas Tomkies, born 1765. We will suppose that Francis Scott may have been a student at Hampden 24 [1776-1783 Sidney during the few months before his marriage. John B. Scott was certainly a student at Hampden Sidney, and it is to be hoped that Charles and Thomas T. were registered on the books. Let us call them alumni. Some years ago, Louis Houck, an old man of great ability, put together a History of Missouri. John B.JScott having been stationed for a while at Cape Girardeau, Mn Houck 's residence, the old gentleman looked up his record. John B. Scott, according to Mr. Houck, was born in Prince Edward County, in 1761; was at Hampden Sidney Academy, which he left in 1777 to join a company of cavalry, commanded by his brother, Charles Scott. He served to the end of the Revolution (in Lee's Legion), coming out as lieutenant. He then resumed his studies, going to William and Mary Col- lege. John Scott, his brother Charles, and Peter Johnston, Jr., were members of the Virginia Society of the Cincinnati. In 1799 he was appointed Brigadier General of Virginia militia ; and in April, 1805, was made Brevet Colonel in the regular army, and stationed at Cape Girardeau, Missouri^ as Commandant in that division under Governor William Henry Harrison, of the District of Louisiana. April, 1806, he returned to Virginia. Those were queer times. General Wilkinson was moving in the west, Burr was moving in the west, and it must have been thought well by government for Colonel Scott to come home and report. He was given the office of U. S. Marshal for the District of Virginia, and as such was in charge of the Burr trial in 1807. John B. Scott after his return to Virginia, made his home in Halifax County, near Scottsburg. His son Christopher was born there in 1807 and died in Arkansas in 1859, after fifteen years of service on the Supreme Court bench. John B. Scott died in 1814, just after his nomination for Congress. He was a member of the Board of Trustees of Hampden Sidney College from 1792 to 1806; and his brother Charles was a member of that Board for some years after 1795. 1776-1783] 25 Samuel Doak b. 1749, d. 1830. Son of Samuel and Jane (Mitchell) Doak, both of whom had come in their youth from the North of Ireland to Chester County, Pennslyvania. Soon after their marriage they went to the frontier in Augusta County, Vir- ginia, where Samuel Doak, the younger was born. At the age of sixteen, Samuel Doak began his studies at Mr. Alex- ander's school. His father, a capable farmer, rather dis- couraged him about getting an education. The boy per- sisted, made his own money, and put himself through Prince- ton College. He graduated in 1775, and was then for a short time teacher in Dr. Robert Smith 's school at Pequea. Samuel Stanhope Smith drew him from Pequea (in Pennsylvania) to Hampden Sidney the spring of 1776, to be tutor or second assistant. He had begun his studies in theology under Dr. Robert Smith, continued them at Hampden Sidney, and finished them the fall of 1777 under Principal Graham of Liberty Hall in Augusta. He preached for a time near Abingdon or Wolf Hills, and then followed down the Hol- ston into the Cherokee country. Samuel Doak was a born teacher; wherever he was he taught. The Cherokee bothered him, but he fought them off, and kept on about his business. He was a member of the Convention of 1784 that framed the constitution of the State of Franklin, and was careful to have a clause inserted providing for a university. He settled finally in Washington County, East Tennessee now — and his academy there grew into Washington College. He was in charge of the institution from its inception to 1818. His son took hold of it then and Dr. Doak was free to found another college, Tusculum. Dr. Doak was no believer in automatic rules, he would even have no classes in his col- leges. He looked after the individual and made the most of him. Nullius addictus jurare in verba, he was ever tell- ing his boys. He wanted them to think. He was the pioneer headmaster of Tennessee, a State not without headmasters 26 [1776-1783 today. Dr. Doak was old-fashioned in manners and virtue. He had a horror of portraits, thought them sacrilegious. Sprague III, 392-397. David Witherspoon It is said that David Witherspoon, youngest son of Presi- dent Witherspoon of Princeton, was graduated at Princeton at the age of fourteen. Since he was in the class of 1774, the interpretation of the statement is that he was born in the year 1759 or 1760. And if the statement is true, David Witherspoon came to Hampden Sidney in his sixteenth year to be third assistant to his brother in law. Samuel Stanhope Smith. It is likely that he was tutor a very short time, probably going into the army. He studied law, married the widow of Governor Abner Nash of North Carolina (brother of Col. John Nash of Prince Edward County), and settled for the practice of the law at Newberne in North Carolina. He was the father of the Rev. John Witherspoon, D. D., of the Presbyterian Church. David Witherspoon himself was church warden of the Established Church at Newberne as early as 1789. He returned to Princeton about 1800 and died there. Vass, History of Newberne Presbyterian Churchy Eich- mond, 1886; Index, N. C. State Eeeords. James Mitchell b. 1747, d. 1841. Son of Robert Mitchell, who was born in the North of Ireland, came to America in his youth, set- tled at Pequea, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, married there, and removed to Bedford County, Virginia, before 1776. Robert Mitchell lived to the age of eighty-five. He had thirteen children, all of whom lived to be at least seventy. Robert Mitchell talked much of Derry and the sufferings of his family at the seige of Derry. James Mit- chell, born at Pequea, may have been a pupil in Dr. Robert Smith's school there. About 1775 (his father having come south) he was at school at Liberty Hall Academy. The 1776-1783] 27 summer of 1776 Samuel Stanhope Smith engaged him to be tutor at Hampden Sidney. The Academy of Hampden Sid- ney was hard put to it to get enough teachers for the nume- rous students of the year 1776. In 1781 James Mitchell was licensed by his Presbytery to preach — while the Presbytery was in session for that purpose a courier came by the church and made proclamation of the surrender of Cornwallis. For a few years after 1782, Mr. Mitchell was back and forth between Virginia and Kentucky. He followed his father in law, David Rice, to Kentucky, and seems to have been the first teacher of Transylvania Seminary at Danville. About 1786 he became pastor of the Peaks Church, Bedford County, and remained in that office fifty-five years. In 1787 he was greatly concerned in the Great Revival, which started among the Baptists of Charlotte County. That year Hamp- den Sidney College conferred on him the Bachelor's degree. Mr. Mitchell was for a time Principal of a famous school, New London Academy, Bedford County, and for some years was a Trustee of Liberty Hall Academy. This note is given here, regarding one of the first Trustees of Hampden Sidney, because of the implications of the subject. David Kice was associated with Davies, with Todd and Waddel (whose school was the precursor of Hampden Sidney) ; was the uncle-in-law of Samuel Stanhope Smith, etc. Every institution has its family history. Samuel Stanhope Smith might not have come to Virginia but for David Rice b. 1733, d. 1816. Son of David Rice of Hanover County, and grandson of Thomas Rice, an Englishman of Welsh extraction who emigrated to Virginia, and then, on a voyage home to England, it is supposed was assassinated on board ship. David Rice, the elder, was a farmer, and a member of the established church. He would not keep slaves; he thought them unprofitable. His wife thought it wrong to keep them. David Rice grew up in a region much influenced by Samuel Davies. He went to school to James Waddel, at the house of John Todd. When Davies left Virginia to be President of Princeton, young Rice went with him and 28 [1776-1783 graduated at Princeton in 1761. In 1763, having preached there, he was about to settle in North Carolina, but was persuaded to take charge of Davies's church in Hanover. That year he married a daughter of Samuel Blair of Penn- sylvania, aunt of Samuel Stanhope Smith. After four or five rather difficult years in Hanover, Mr. Rice settled in Bedford County, near the Peaks of Otter. He was very suc- cessful there in his work as a minister. His brother Ben- jamin, father of John Holt Rice, was living in Bedford County then. October 1783, David Rice went out to Ken- tucky. His Hanover and Bedford friends were going there in numbers. Mr. Rice had been one of the promoters ot Hampden Sidney. At once on reaching Kentucky, in Novem- ber, 1783, he was one of the chief agents in the founding of Transylvania Seminary. The first teacher in that Seminary, 1785, was James Mitchell, who had been a tutor at Hamp- den Sidney, and was now Mr. Rice's son-in-law. In 1794, becoming dissatisfied with the management of Transylvania Seminary, Mr. Rice, Judge Wallace, James Blythe and others founded Kentucky Academy. In 1798 the two schools were consolidated into Transylvania University at Lexing- ton. Mr. Rice, called "Father Rice" in his last years, was a missionary of the west. Dr. Sprague has listed his rather numerous published works. ' David Rice, ' like ' George Wash- ington,' was a name to give for many years in the West. Lewis, History of Higher Education in Kentucky, 37-50. Sprague, IV, 246-249. John Springer His father, Carl Springer, of Stockholm, Sweden, had been kidnapped and landed in Virginia. Growing up, he heard of friends in Delaware and made his way thither, settled in Delaware, near Wilmington, and brought up a family. John Springer (born 1744, at school to Dr. Robert Smith) was educated at Princeton, partly through the generosity of Mr. Thornton, a rich and charitable London merchant. John Springer, it seems, had been engaged to come to Hampden Sidney for the opening of the Academy in 1776 — he was of 1776-1783] 29 the American Whigs at Princeton, a Society that supplied Hampden Sidney with its early staff — but did not begin work until the fall of 1776. For indiscretions up the coun- try in Bedford County, April 18, 1777, youthful follies which might have passed unnoticed but which Mr. Springer in his contrition brought to the attention of the Board himself, the Board of Trustees at Hampden Sidney suspended him from his office of tutor. The Trustees commended his candour in giving information against himself and would have been glad to retain his services. Perhaps in the fall of 1777 Mr. Springer removed to North Carolina and established an Academy of his own. He then set up schools in South Car- olina where he taught with distinguished success. His schools there were at White Hall and at Cambridge (Ninety- six), Abbeville District. In 1788, on the list of subscribers to Pattillo's Sermon's, Mr. Springer appears as President of Cambridge College. He was ordained a minister that year and settled at Washington, Wilkes County Georgia, the first minister in the upper part of Georgia. He kept a school also at Washington, and sent pupils from it to Princeton. He advised Moses Waddel to go to Hampden Sidney. Mr. Springer died the summer of 1798, from exposure to the weather at the funeral of Mr. Talbot, father of Governor Talbot. John Springer was "a giant in stature and intel- lect." He delivered his discourses, which were unwritten, with uncommon ease and elegance. His son, William Greene Springer (a member of the South Carolina Senate) was one of the largest men in the United States, weighed about four hundred pounds. Stacy, History of the Presbyterian Church in Georgia; Alexander, Princeton College in the Eighteenth Century; Life and "Works of John Springer, Augusta, 1805. Charles Wingfield Dr. Foote says (I, 402), "In May, 1778, Mr. James Wilson left the office of tutor, and was succeeded by Mr. Charles Wingfield of the first class. From this we learn the estimate 30 [1776-1783 the President had of the proficiency of the advanced classes, and of that young man in particular, as institutions aim at rearing their own tutors as early and entirely as practicable. ' ' It is likely enough that Charles Wingfield, student and tutor at Hampden Sidney Academy 1776-1778, was the son of Charles Wingfield of Albemarle County who died in 1803. Dr. Woods in his history of Albemarle County mentions that the Wingfields of that County were relations of the Hudsons. There were Hudsons also settled very early in Prince Edward County. Hampden Sidney College stands "near the head of Hudson's Branch.' ' Charles Wingfield, Jr., according to Dr. Woods, lived at " Bellair," on the Hardware River in Albemarle, was a magistrate of the county in 1794 and was about to enter upon a term as sheriff in 1819 when he died. There was a tradition in his family that he had been an Episcopal minister. It would be inter- esting to connect Charles Wingfield, 1778, with the old Wingfield Academy established before 1810 in Hanover County by the Rev. Mr. Nelson of "Wingfield." Charles Wingfield of Hanover was a witness in 1780 to the will of Sir John Clay, father of Henry Clay. Sir John Clay was a Baptist minister. His wife was a Hudson. Wade Mosby b. 1762, d. after 1832. 'Was born in the County of Powha- tan, then Cumberland, the family register of his age in pos- session of his brother Benjamin Mosby. The first tour of duty he performed in the Revolution was in or about the year 1777 or 1778 when he united with a number of his brother students then at Hampden Sidney Academy and formed a volunteer company under John B. Smith, one of the professors, as their captain, Sam'l Venable as lieutenant and Sam'l Hackley as ensign. They marched to Williams- burg and joined the troops stationed there. This tour lasted about six months. His second tour was about six weeks — under the same officers to Petersburg and that neighbor- hood, nor does he remember the exact occasion which in- 1776-1783] 31 duced the call for troops. After this tour he quit college. During the fall of 1779 or spring of 1780 his brother the late General Littleberry Mosby, then acting as a captain, raised a volunteer company of cavalry in which affiant was a second lieutenant, and Horatio Turpin first lieutenant. After the battle of Camden, he was a volunteer in the com- pany commanded by his brother-in-law, Captain Robert Hughes. At Moore's Ordinary (Meherrin) in Prince Ed- ward County, he was placed in charge of a company him- self. Was at the battle of Guilford. Was in command of a troop of cavalry around Petersburg, when General Phillips attacked the place and forced their retirement. Saw other miscellaneous service as a militiaman.' Affidavit of Wade Mosby in Virginia Historical Magazine, XVII, 441-443. Samuel W. Venable Samuel W. Venable, Abraham B. Venable and Richard N. Venable, (sons of Nathaniel Venable, a very influential Trustee of the Academy of Hampden Sidney) were, it is pretty certain, students at the Academy around the year 1777. They followed Samuel Stanhope Smith to Princeton; Samuel W. Venable and Abraham B. Venable graduating there in 1780, and Richard N. Venable in 1782. Samuel W. Venable was the first honor man in his class, delivering the Latin salutatory as was the Princeton rule. He was doubt- less in the army during 1781, then settled at home in Prince Edward County in business with his father as a merchant. His home was at "Springfield," a farm near the old Court House of Prince Edward County. He was a man of first- rate business sense and energy and of conspicious wisdom generally. Archibald Alexander, to the end of his days, spoke of Colonel Venable as ""the most remarkable instance of wisdom matured by experience and observation that he had ever known. ' ' Col. Samuel W. Venable died in the year 1821. He had been since 1782 a Trustee of Hampden Sidney College, and one of its firmest supporters. 32 [1776-1783 James Daniel James Daniel of ''Tranquillity," Granville County, North Carolina, was born in 1762 and died in 1841. He was a relation of Judge William Daniel of Cumberland County, and married a daughter of Nathaniel Venable of Prince Edward County. Arguing from his marriage, and his inti- mate connection with the Theological School at Hampden Sidney, from the first broaching of the plan, it seems very likely indeed that Mr. Daniel was a student at Hampden Sidney during the years from 1776 to 1783. His daughter married Dr. Samuel L. Graham of Union Seminary, in the year 1836. Hayden, Virginia Genealogies, 323. George Cabell b. 1766, d. 1823. Son of Col. John Cabell of Buckingham County. "At Hampden Sidney Academy 1777-1779; com- pleted his medical education at the University of Pennsyl- vania, (1790?), and became one of the most successful phy- sicians and surgeons in the Lynchburg section of Virginia. He was the personal friend and physician of Patrick Henry, attended him in his last illness and was present at his death. He lived on his farm, now a part of (but then adjoining) Lynchburg, in the fork of Blackwater Creek and James River known as 'The Point of Honor.' He married a daugh- ter of Judge Edmund Winston." Brown, Cabells and their Kin, 241. Hector Cabell b. about 1768, d. 1807. Son of Col. William Cabell ol "Union Hill," Nelson County. "He was first taught at home by tutors ; from 1778 to 1780 he was a pupil at Hamp- den Sidney Academy; in 1782 was going to school to the Rev. Mr. John Holmes at Col. John Coles' in Albemarle; from 1784 to 1787 he was a student at Hampden Sidney 1776-1783] 33 College, and in 1788 was being taught by Mr. James Mor- rison, the tutor at 'Union Hill'." This is the exterior schol- astic record of a wild-oats boy, and such Hector Cabell is deemed to have been. He died young, having lived a rather wild life. His widow became the second wife of Judge William Daniel, Sr., of Lynchburg. Brown, Cabells, 216. Joseph Cabell, Jr. b. 1762, d. 1831. Son of Col. Joseph Cabell of Amherst County (later of Buckingham County), who was in com- mand of a regiment of militia at Yorktown. Joseph Cabell, Jr., had been a student at Hampden Sidney Academy in 1778 and 1779, going from there to William and Mary. He was a member of Phi Beta Kappa at William and Mary, and in 1781 was attached to his father's regiment at York- town as one of a company of William and Mary students. After the war, Joseph Cabell settled in Buckingham County, at a place he called "Repton," on James River. He was the owner of the celebrated horse Hyder Ali. In 1811, Mr. Cabell sold "Repton" to Governor William H. Cabell (who changed the name to "Montevideo"), and went out to Ken- tucky. His home in Kentucky was in Henderson County. He was twice married and "there are said to have been by both wives, thirty-nine children in all." Brown, Cabells, 229-232. Landon Cabell b. 1765, d. 1834. Son of Col. William Cabell of "Union Hill." He was taught at home and elsewhere from 1772 to 1778, along with his brother William (q. v.). July 30, 1778 to 1780, he was at Hampden Sidney Academy, going to Wil- liam and Mary College in March, 1780, and remaining there until May, 1781, when the college was suspended. His father entered in his diary: "Jan. 25th, 1782, Landon set off on his way to General Watts' to be inoculated. Feb. 26th 34 [1776-1783 Landon returned from Mr. Watts' in Prince Edward where he had been twice in order to get inoculated by Dr. Rose, who disappointed him by going southward. . . May 5th, 1786, my son Landon set off on his way to North Carolina, in order to practice the law. I gave him £250 cash, a pair of fine horses, a negro servant, etc." Landon Cabell shortly afterwards disappeared. His friends looked for him 'the world over' and found him in 1792 in Kingston, Jamaica. Landon Cabell came home and settled down. He was a justice of Amherst and then of Nelson County for many years, "one of the noblest men we ever boasted of in Vir- ginia; esteemed generally to have been the most literary man of his family; a man of both brilliant genius and high cultivation. He spent the life of a hermit." Brown, Cabells, 212-214. William Cabell b. 1759, d. 1822. Son of Col. William Cabell of "Union Hill," Nelson County. From 1765 to 1772, he was schooled at home. During 1772 and 1773, he went to school at Mr, John Nicholas's to John Johnston. In 1774, William Fon- taine taught a school at "Union Hill." The next year the Rev. Robert Buchan, an Episcopal minister (later of Staf- ford County), taught at "Union Hill." Col. William Cabell entered in his diary Nov. 7, 1775, "at the end of the year I am to pay Mr. Buchan what I think his services deserve, which is the footing he chooses to be on. His horse is to be fed with mine." From August, 1777, to April, 1779, Wil- liam Cabell, Jr., was at Hampden Sidney Academy, in which school his father had been interested since March, 1775. From May, 1779, to September, 1780, he was a student at William and Mary College, and while there was treasurer of the Phi Beta Kappa Society. He was under fire in 1781, as a major of militia. He lived in Nelson County, at "Union Hill" during the latter part of his life, and was presiding Justice of Nelson from the organization of the county to 1776-1783] 35 the end of his life. He was a man of strong friendships. ' 'His mind, naturally vigorous, was embellished by classical education, improved by subsequent study, and strengthened by experience." Brown, Cabells, 190-204. William Madison James Madison wrote a letter to his father dated Wil- liamsburg, Dec. 8, 1779, in which he said, "I am much at a loss how to dispose of Willey (youngest of Madison's three brothers). From a new arrangement of the college here, nothing is in the future to be taught but the higher and rarer branches of science. The preliminary studies must therefore be pursued in private schools or academies. If the Academy at Prince Edward is so far dissolved that you think his return thither improper, I would recommend his being put under the instruction of Mr. Maury." 'Samuel Stanhope Smith, leaving the "Academy at Prince Edward" in 1779, it was uncertain for a while what might become of the place. So James Madison, a Trustee, took his brother William away and placed him at Walker Maury's school in Williamsburg. In 1780, William Madison became a member of Phi Beta Kappa, at William and Mary College. While at Hampden Sidney he took his part in military affairs. During 1781 he was active as an officer of cavalry; 1782 he studied law under Thomas Jefferson. He was in the House of Delegates, first from Culpeper, and then from Madison County, during the period 1791-1811. He died after 1838. William and Mary College Quarterly, IV, 253. Virginia Biography, (Tyler) Vol. II, p. 316. 36 [1776-1783 FLUSH TIMES OF 1777 What a revolutionary time it was. Late in 1779 the judi- cious young Madison was writing to his father as if the Academy at Prince Edward was about dissolved. And but a few months before, this is what Caleb Wallace of Cub Creek in Charlotte County was Slaying (under date April 8, 1777) to his friend and relation, James Caldwell in New Jersey: "As all attention to liberal education must be given up near the seat of war, we think it incumbent upon us to spare no pains upon the two academies which we have for some time been endeavoring to establish [viz. Hampden Sidney and Liberty Hall]. The one in Prince Edward flourishes beyond our most sanguine expectations. It is furnished with excel- lent Tutors, and the great number of students has become a real grievance, so that it wants no human help to make it a miracle, considering its age and remote situation, but a few thousand pounds to furnish buildings. Although money has become very plenty in our country, yet we are discouraged at present from pushing subscriptions for the purpose by a popular sentiment which prevails, that we should secure our independence before we pay our regards to the Muses; but any one who takes extensive views must be shocked with the prospect of our American people becoming barbarians and of making shipwreck in our government for want of skill to guide the helm. I need say nothing as to what must soon be the condition of the church without a learned as well as 'a faithful ministry." Caleb Wallace and Madison, fellow stu- dents at Princeton, were in 1777 co-trustees of Hampden Sidney. This letter was first printed in the Historical Maga- zine, Boston, Massachusetts, vol. I (1857), from which it was taken by Whitsett for his Life of Wallace [Filson Club Pub- lications] . 1776-1783] 37 Aylett Lee The late Hugh Blair Grigsby said that Aylett Lee, (son of Thomas Ludwell Lee, 1730-1778), was, during the year 1779, a student at Hampden Sidney Academy. This seems rather improbable, but we will give the statement as it is made. Statement of William S. Morton of Charlotte County, 1920. William Branch Giles b. 1762, d. 1830. Son of William Giles of Amelia County. Apparently Giles followed Samuel Stanhope Smith to Prince- ton. He was graduated A. M. at Princeton in 1781, one of the first of a number of students from Hampden Sidney College who finished their education at Princeton. Then studying law at Williamsburg under Mr. Wythe, Giles set- tled at Petersburg for the practice. From 1790 he was a public character, of great skill as a parliamentarian and debater. He served in the legislature ; as representative and as senator in Congress; as Governor of Virginia (1827-1830), and as a member of the Convention of 1829. "Giles was a large, robust, handsome man, whose lightest word compelled the attention of the House. He had a very dark complexion, black hair worn long, and intense brown eyes. His dress was remarkably plain, in the style of Virginia carelessness. His voice was clear and nervous, his language powerfully condensed." (Beveridge.) Mr. Giles' home was at "Wig- wam," near the Appomattox River, in Amelia County. Brock, Virginia and Virginians, 153. Beveridge, Life of Marshall, III, 75-76. Abraham B. Venable A. B. Venable lost his life in 1811, at the burning of the theatre in Richmond. That was a disaster, the record of which reads well: the women were taken care of as much as was possible. Mr. Venable graduated at Princeton in 38 [1776-1783 1780, and had no doubt been a student at Hampden Sidney Academy. He was a public man — a member of the House of Representatives ; for a short time a member of the United States Senate, and at the time of his death, President of the Bank of Virginia. From 1790 to the end of his life he was a Trustee of Hampden Sidney College. Judge Peter Johnston removing from Prince Edward County in 1811, Mr. Venable in December of that year (the Richmond theatre was burned on the 26th), had just completed purchase of Judge Johnston's land near Farmville, what was called for many years the "Longwood" estate. Richard N. Venable Hampden Sidney College owes a great deal to Richard N. Venable. It would be impossible to say how much. The old system, or custom, with many of our colleges was to have little or no endowment, dependance being upon fees from students to pay the teachers, and contributions from Trus- tees and other possible friends to maintain the plant. There has been no history of such contributors. Granted the premise, it is impossible now to say with exactness who paid the bills of Hampden Sidney College during its first fifty years. It is a safe guess that Richard N. Venable, his father and his brothers, paid a good many of the bills outstanding on the part of the college from 1776 to 1838, the year of R. N. Venable 's death. Richard N. Venable, it is very likely, was a student at Hampden Sidney before going to Princeton, where he graduated in 1782. Having followed law studies at William and Mary, Mr. Venable settled as a lawyer in Southside Virginia. His home for most of his life was in Prince Edward County, very near Hampden Sidney. He was a public spirited man, interested in agricultural better- ments, canals, railroads, education, and politics. He was a member of the Convention of 1829, and was now and then in the legislature. A member of the Board of Trustees of Hampden Sidney College for more than forty years, Mr. 1776-1783] 39 Venable was careful to preserve papers, college programmes, etc. Hence a collection of invaluable local documents, and hence one debt to this excellent good friend of the old times. Joseph Venable Son of James Venable, brother of Nathaniel Venable. Nathaniel and James Venable were Trustees of Hampden Sidney Academy at its origin, and were charter Trustees of the College. Joseph Venable graduated at Princeton in 1783. For about twenty years to 1812 he was a Trustee of Hampden Sidney College. Settling in Kentucky, in the Shelbyville region, he became judge of one of the more important courts there. Andrew Johnston Second son of Peter Johnston, Sr. Born about 1764, Andrew Johnston lived for many years in Prince Edward County, his portion of his father's estate being the lands immediately adjoining Hampden Sidney College. Shortly before 1800 he sold to Martin Sailors a tract of land corner- ing at the north east across the road from the Hampden Sidney Postoffice, a farm the northern edge of which is now the "Seminary side" of the village of Hampden Sidney as far west as Osage Lane. Andrew Johnston married a daugh- ter of Colonel John Nash of Prince Edward County, and so was a brother-in-law of John Blair Smith. His son, John Nash Johnston, a minister of the Baptist Church, was the grandfather of Miss Mary Johnston, the novelist. Charles Johnston It is to be supposed that Charles Johnston, as well as his brother Peter, was a student at Hampden Sidney for a while. Charles Johnston, third son of Peter Johnston, Sr., was bred strictly to business, but it has been known for a long time that some knowledge of Latin is no bar to business. Peter 40 [1776-1783 Johnston, Sr., died in 1786, and it may be guessed that his son Charles was then taken away from classical studies and set to double entry. At any rate, Charles Johnston's son, Frederick Johnston, (author of "Old Virginia Clerks," a real book), said of his father that he knew as much of book- keeping as any man well could. During the year 1788, Mr. John May of Petersburg, being interested in Kentucky lands, and desiring a clerk to help him work out the vexed titles, took Charles Johnston into his employ. They went out to Kentucky and returned safe. Early in 1790 they went out again and the Indians (Shawnee) got them, on the river Ohio, killed Mr. May and held Charles Johnston a captive for a long time. He had many adventures, as far north as Detroit, but managed to get home to Prince Edward County by way of New York. About 1793, being in Europe on business, Mr. Johnston met on board ship the Duke of La Rochefoueauld-Liancourt, and told him his story. The Duke published such an odd looking statement of the case, spell- ing by French phonetics, that Mr. Johnston published his own narrative in 1827, a rather remarkable book. Charles Johnston made his home in Botetourt County. He was for a time President of the Farmers' Bank of Lynchburg. Joseph Clay Savannah, March the 29th, 1783. Dear Sir: Though unknown to you yet from a knowledge of your character I have taken the liberty to send my son (who I expect will be the bearer of this) to your college, in hopes of your admitting him there and of his participating in those advantages which your instructions must afford to any youth who is desirous of and willing to avail himself of them. . . . . It was my intention to have sent him to you 3 or 4 years ago, but the distresses of war have prevented. When the enemy quitted this country and restored it there- by to its proper owners, I had been an exile, or rather 1776-1783] 41 refugee, from it with my family and that a large one, near four years. This situation so deranged my affairs and straitened my circumstances, as well as kept my mind in such a perturbed state, as to preclude everything that tended to domestic concerns, or to do that to promote the education and future benefit of my children that I wished. My son was part of the year 1780 and 1781 with Mr. Smith of Virginia, brother I believe to your son-in-law, to this gentleman I owe the greatest obligation for his very tender and polite behavior towards him. Since that time he has been principally to the Southward and without any oppor- tunity of improving himself. His inclination as he informs me leads him to the study of the law. ... I believe you will find he has a tolerable knowledge of the Latin, some idea of Greek, and has paid some little attention to the mathematics and natural philosophy. The great loss of time he has suffered makes it necessary for him to exert himself and to retrieve it by every means in his power. I have no doubt you will from the same consideration, put him in such a -course as will best enable him to attain that end. I care not how learned he is, but the great object I would wish his education to point to, is the making a useful member of society either in a private or public station. In Republics it may be every man's lot to be called to the latter and it therefore becomes now our indispensible duty to bring up our youth under those ideas. I have relying on his pru- dence made him master of his finances. I have frequently had occasion to try him and I think shall not have reason to repent it, indeed they [finances] are too scanty for him to be extravagant, tho' I hope sufficient to answer all nec- essary purposes and I shall take care to remit him as regu- larly as the situation of the times will permit. I do not mean or wish to hurry him in his studies more than his advanced years [aet. 19] make necessary. My present intentions are for him to remain at college as long as you may judge nec- essary and his inclination may accord. 42 [1776-1783 As he is an entire stranger in your part of the country and will on that account be deprived of the advantage a friend might be to him, in directing him in his connections and superintending his morals when abroad, I must take a liberty I have no right to assume, that is to request the favour of you to give him your countenance and advice generally, I mean in all such matters as may not properly belong to his education, but at the same time be absolutely necessary for his welfare. I will not urge you on this head, as perhaps your necessary close attention to business may put it out of your power if so possibly you can prevail on some of the gentlemen under you, perhaps Mr. Smith. . . . With great respect, Dr. Sir, Your most obed't hble serv't, JOSEPH CLAY. This letter has been given at large, not only because of its connection with the subject, (and with Dr. "Witherspoon and the Smiths), but because the letter is so particularly good. Then too this is a time also of reconstruction. The letter is addressed to "Dr. David Witherspoon." Of course the internal evidence of itself is enough to show that Mr. Clay was writing to Dr. John Witherspoon, President of Princeton. Mr. Clay, who had business connections with Newbern, North Carolina (where David Witherspoon was settled) doubtless wrote the address without thinking twice. This most interesting document appears in Georgia Historical Society Collections, Vol. VIII, (1913) pp. 182-184, Letters of Joseph Clay, Merchant of Savannah (and member of the Conti- nental Congress). Joseph Clay, Jr., a student at the Academy, 1780-1781, was born at Savannah, 1764, and died at Boston, Massachusetts, 1811. He was graduated at Princeton in 1784, with the highest honor (proof that he had caught up, as his father was sure he would) ; studied law, was admitted to the Savan- nah bar and became eminent in his profession. In 1796 he 1776-1783] 43 was appointed U. S. District Judge, but resigned the office in 1801. In 1798 he was a member of the Georgia Constitu- tional Convention. He made a profession of religion in 1803, and joined the Baptist Church, being ordained to the min- istry in 1804 as assistant pastor to Dr. Henry Holcombe in Savannah. He was invited in 1807 to the pastorate of the first Baptist Church of Boston, Massachusetts, to succeed Dr. Stillman. He resigned on account of ill health in 1809. Appleton's Dictionary of American Biography. Henry Holcombe It may be taken for granted, from other facts of Dr. Hol- combe 's life, that he was a student at Hampden Sidney. He had relations living at the south, and it may be that it was through them that Joseph Clay was sent to Hampden Sidney, who possibly brought Dr. Holcombe to Savannah in 1799. Henry Holcombe was born in Prince Edward County in 1762, and died in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1826. He was a captain in the Revolutionary army. In 1785 he was serving as pastor of the Baptist Church at Pike Creek, South Carolina, and was a delegate to the South Carolina Consti- tutional Convention of that period. After preaching for a while at Beaufort (where he had relations living), he went to Savannah in 1799, to take charge of the Baptist Church there. During his time at Savannah he established a girls' school, and founded and edited "The Georgia Analytical Repository." He received the degree of D. D. from Brown University in 1810. From 1812 to his death he was pastor of the First Baptist Church of Philadelphia. Dr. Holcombe published his discourse on the death of General Washington, and was the author of a volume of " Lectures on Primitive Theology," Phila., 1822. Appleton's Dictionary of American Biography. 44 [1776-1783 Edward Johnston Edward A. Pollard, voluminous, penetrating, just, unjust, and always able and interesting writer on the political and military history of the Confederacy, (himself a student at Hampden Sidney), said in his Life of General Johnston ("Lee and his Lieutenants") that old Mr. Peter Johnston had placed all four of his sons at Hampden Sidney. The will of Peter Johnston, Sr., might well be printed in full. It was probated at Prince Edward Court, Dec. 18, 1786. Mr. Johnston men- tioned his four sons, Peter, Andrew, Charles and Edward. In his "Old Virginia Clerks," Frederick Johnston, son of Charles Johnston, says: "In my fifteenth year I left my father's house at Botetourt Springs, and with his consent and advice went to Columbia, South Carolina, where I lived in a book store (conducted by that elegant scholar and gentleman Edward William Johnston) for three years, that is, until December, 1829. It was here that I came into daily contact and intercourse with the professors in the College of South Carolina, who were all fine scholars and good talkers. The book store was a place of almost daily resort for these and other men of letters then living in Columbia." William C. Preston, for instance, Waddy Thompson, McDuffie, Hayne, Hammond, &c. We will suppose, then, that Edward William Johnston was Frederick Johnston's uncle Edward. At any rate, there were numerous contacts between Southwest Vir- ginia and Columbia. Some of them might be explained by the presence in Columbia of Judge Peter Johnston's brother. Edward Johnston, we will say, took to books at his home in Prince Edward. His father left a set of the London Magazine complete from 1732. John Blair Smith John Blair Smith was a citizen of Virginia about fifteen years. He was on the ground at the organization of the State of Virginia and helped to give the new State its political and religious complexion. He was the first Presi- 1776-1783] 45 dent of the College of Hampden Sidney, which has been a powerful factor in the development of the State of Virginia. Hampden Sidney College and the State of Virginia are con- temporaries. John Blair Smith was born in 1756, in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, and like his brother, Samuel Stanhope Smith, was educated in the school of their father, at Pequea, on the Susquehanna, and at Nassau Hall. The younger Smith graduated at Princeton in 1773, eighteen years old, receiving the first honor in his class. It is likely that he was an assis- tant to his father for a while, in the Pequea school, before coming to Virginia to assist his brother at Hampden Sidney. John Blair Smith had hardly reached Prince Edward County before the war was on. He joined the army more than once before the surrender at Yorktown, faced few bullets, but left a clear record of courage. His was to be the perplexing work of reconstruction after war; and his interests were perhaps too scattered to come to full result in any one direction. It is yet too early to know what the logical effects of our Revolution are to be. John Blair Smith was determined, as far as in him lay, to have Virginia set going after the Revolution as a free republic. He fought the bill for Toler- ation—on the ground that toleration meant a tolerating party. He fought the bill for a general assessment to sup- port religion — arguing with his friend Madison that religion should be quite exempt from State enactment. He fought his old friend Patrick Henry, who wanted a very strong local government, believing that Patrick Henry's ideas might fix on the State more of an oligarchy than would the procedure of a federal system. John Blair Smith fought slavery (but not as an incendiary), he fought the devil, and he died fighting that old demon of the yellow fever. Tutor in the Academy 1776 to 1779, President of the Academy 1779 to 1783, President of the College 1783 to 1789 1 — this is the bare chronology of John Blair Smith's active connection with Hampden Sidney. He and Patrick 46 [1776-1783 Henry and General Lawson secured a college charter for the Academy of Hampden Sidney in 1783. Mr. Smith knew the value of a charter, not only as advertisement but for maintenance of the ideal. He went straight to Princeton for his model, a model extraordinary in America or any- where else — and it must be allowed that the old charter of Hampden Sidney is a political instrument of art. John Blair Smith did nothing by halves : but he attended to different things. As long as he was interested in bringing up Hamp- den Sidney, he succeeded in that work. Then he became interested in the work of an evangelist, and withdrew from his school business. As the posture of affairs was in 1789, his choice was very damaging to the college. But it may have been his unescapable duty to shape the Revolution in a priestly way, reaching as many people as he could. In 1789 Mr. Smith retired to a farm his brother had bought on Bush River. From there he went out to preach in the region around. In 1791 he was a delegate to the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church, meeting at Philadel- phia. The Pine Street Church in Philadelphia, greatly af- fected by his sermons and his conduct, asked him to be their pastor. He was eminently successful in his care of that church until 1795, when a scourge of yellow fever almost broke him down — he escaped the disease, but worked con- tinually in combating its progress in the city. 1795, Union College, New York, chose him for its first president. He came back to Philadelphia and the Pine Street Church in 1799, and soon died (aetat. 44) of the yellow fever of that dreadful year. John Blair Smith spent the greater part of his years of maturity in Prince Edward County. As long as the people of the region are at all familiar with their old history, his name and memory will have honor. Dr. Foote has written a pretty full account of John Blair Smith (Sketches of Virginia, Vol. I). The best recent state- ment is that by Dr. Gibbons, History of Old Pine Street Church, Philadelphia, 1905. JOHN BLAIR SMITH 1783] 47 Charter: June 28, 1783 I. Whereas it is represented to the present General As- sembly that an Academy has been founded in the county of Prince Edward, and which hath been supported by the generous donations of a few public-spirited citizens for several years past; but that, in order to make the advan- tages arising therefrom more permanent and diffusive, cer- tain privileges are essentially necessary for conducting the same in future to greater advantage; and this Assembly, warmly impressed with the important advantages arising to every free State by diffusing useful knowledge amongst its citizens, and desirous of giving their patronage and support to such seminaries of learning as may appear to them cal- culated to promote this great object: II. Do hereby enact, That from and after the passage of this Act, the said Academy shall obtain the name and be called the "College of Hampden Sidney," and that the Rev. John Blair Smith, Patrick Henry, William Cabell, senior, Paul Carrington, Robert Lawson, James Madison, John Nash, Nathaniel Venable, Everard Meade, Joel Watkins, James Venable, Francis Watkins, John Morton, William Morton, Thomas Reade, William Booker, Thomas Scott, James Allen, Charles Allen, Samuel Woodson Venable, Joseph Parke, Richard Poster, Peter Johnston, the Rev. Richard Sankey, the Rev. John Todd, the Rev. David Rice, the Rev. Archibald McRobert, and their successors, are hereby con- stituted a body politic and corporate, by the name of "the President and Trustees of Hampden Sydney College," who shall have perpetual succession and a common seal. III. And be it further enacted, That the said president and trustees, or any seven of them, shall have full power and authority to meet at such times as they shall think nec- essary for the examination of any candidates for literary degrees, and they are hereby empowered and authorized to confer those degrees on such students as in their opinion shall merit the same in as ample a manner as any other 48 [1783 college in America can do, and to grant testimonials thereof under their common seal, signed, by the president and five of the trustees, at least ; and that the president and trustees, or any seven of them, are hereby authorized and required to meet at said College, on some day to be appointed by the president, on or before the first day of October next, and then and there to elect and commission, under their common seal, such professors and masters as they shall judge neces- sary for the purpose of the institution. And that, in order to preserve in the minds of the students that sacred love and attachment which they should ever bear to the principles of the present glorious revolution, the greatest care and caution shall be used in electing such professors and mas- ters, to the end that no person shall be so elected unless the uniform tenor of his conduct manifests to the world his sin- cere affection for the liberty and independence of the United States of America. 1784 1784. June 23. The Board undertook the business and thought proper to adopt the following: — 1. The students shall be arranged by the President and Masters into three distinct forms or classes, the lowest of which shall be called the Sophomore Class, the second the Junior Class, and the highest the Senior Class. 2. In order to admission into the Sophomore Class the students shall be acquainted with the English Grammar, Caesar's Commentaries, Sallust, Virgil, and the Roman An- tiquities. 3. In order to admission into the Junior Class the students shall be acquainted with Cicero's Orations, Geography, Hor- ace, the Greek Testament, and Arithmetic. 4. In order to admission into the Senior Class, the students shall be acquainted with Lucian, Xenophon, Euclid's Ele- ments of Geometry, Trigonometry, Mensuration, and Algebra. 5. Those students who are candidates for Literary Degrees shall be acquainted with all the studies before recited, as well as Longinus, Philosophy, History, Cronology, and Crit- icism. 6. The last examination shall be held in the presence of the President and Trustees ; and those who pass with appro- bation shall have four weeks recess from business, before their degrees are conferred, to prepare for their publick exhibition and then if no impediment further be in the way, they shall commence Bachelors of the Liberal Arts and Sciences. 7. None shall be admitted to degrees, however in other respects qualified unless he first produce a certificate from the President and Steward of having discharged his College expences. 50 [1784 8. The first Tuesday in May annually shall be the time for conferring degrees upon the candidates, the order of which together with the different exercises is hereby left to the direction of the President and Masters. 9. Each candidate for degrees shall pay the sum of four Dollars to the President upon signing his diploma. 10. After a space of two years, they who have taken their first degree in the arts, may be admitted to the degree of Masters. — The members of College in the three Classes shall be re- quired to wear Distinguishing habits of black at publick prayers and at church. 11. All other students who come for instruction to the College, and do not choose to go through a regular course of education may be permitted to join any of the Classes in the study of those parts of science which they wish to obtain the knowledge of, and during such connexion they shall also be required to wear the College habit as other students do and be under the same regulations as other students are. Any other description of students shall be considered as in the grammar school. 1785 Crawford Extract from Board minutes, April 18, 1785, Mr. McRobert presiding: "State of a dispute between Mr. Mahon, one of the Tutors of the College, and Mr. Crawford, one of the students, which ended in the expulsion of Mr. Crawford by sentence of the president and tutors. Upon mature deliber- ation sentence reversed." Can it be possible that this difficult boy was the Rev. William Crawford, who died in Louisa County, 1858, eighty-six years old? William Mahon William Mahon, perhaps of Virginia, was the Latin Saluta- torian or first honor man at Princeton, class of 1782. He was a member of the Cliosophic Society. 1784, June 23, he was appointed Tutor of the Sophomore and Junior Classes at Hampden Sidney College, Drury Lacy at the same time being chosen English Master. April, 1786, after minor ups and downs, "about thirty of the students" laid before the Board a petition praying for the dismission of Mr. Mahon, and Mr. Mahon himself informed the Board that he could no longer act in the capacity of Tutor. The form of his dis- mission (whether the record should show a resignation or a dismission) was left with President John Blair Smith. Mr. Mahon settled in Kentucky, as pastor of New Providence Church, which had been organized in 1785 by David Rice. For a time he kept a classical school at which Dr. Joshua Lacy Wilson, of Kentucky and Cincinnati, was a pupil. Wil- liam Mahon fell into bad habits in Kentucky. There is little evidence accessible regarding him beyond the year 1812, when he applied to his Presbytery to be reinstated as a minister. His request was not granted. Mr. Mahon died in 1818. He was born in 1760, whether in Pennsylvania or Virginia is uncertain. Sprague, IV, 308. Alexander, Princeton College in the 18th Century. 1786 David Bell Very probably David Bell, whose name appears on the earliest college programme that has been preserved (April Exhibition, 1786), was the son of David Bell of Buckingham County, a member of the Convention of 1788 from Bucking- ham County. David Bell of Buckingham County had mar- ried a sister of Archibald Cary of "Ampthill." Grigsby, Convention of 1788. Note also that Colonel George Bell of Prince Edward County, who married an aunt of John C. Calhoun, had a son David Bell and a son Adam Calhoun Bell. It may be as well to set down in this place the items of the programme of 1786, a moth-bitten paper, videlicet: James [Blythe?]— "The World Turned Upside Down." Richard — ' ' On Lying. ' ' Benjamin Drew — ' ' Women. ' ' Archibald Boiling — ' * Coquette 's Punishment. ' ' Thomas James — "Demosthenes to the Athenians." David Bell — "Against Duelling.'* (Prize.) Kemp Plummer — [We will assign him a subject: "The Moth and the Paper."] Nash Legrand — "Cicero for Milo. " David Meade — ' ' Junius to the Duke of Bedford. ' ' James Carter — "Marius to the Romans." (2nd Prize.) Cary Allen — "The Folly of Attempting to Please Everybody." Henry [Cole] man — "Cicero Against Catiline." [William Henry Ha] rrison — "Cicero's Defence of his Master." [Theodeiick] McRobert — "Honour and Shame." J [ames] Watt (?) — "On Government." John [Eppes?] — "Various Characters." John King — "Milton's Description of Adam's Creation." William Baker — "Defence of Slavery." Clement Read — "Against Slavery." Ebenezer McRobert — "On Ambition." Comedy— "The Miser." Archibald Boiling No doubt a son of Archibald Boiling of Buckingham County, some record of whose life has come down. It is 1786] 53 said of Archibald Boiling, the elder, that he preferred to keep his land untouched by the plough, and his woods free of any axe. It is also said that Mr. Boiling spent a great deal of his time at the houses of his numerous relatives ; many of whom were well off in cultivated lands. Mr. Boiling was a philosopher. Henry Embra Coleman Henry E. Coleman has been placed by guesswork on the 1786 programme. During the years 1789 and 1790, he was in the House of Delegates from Halifax County where for many years he lived prosperous and influential. He sent two sons to Hampden Sidney College — Thomas G. Coleman, 1817, (a member of the House of Delegates from Halifax in 1835), and Ethelbert Algernon Coleman, (A. B., 1830; A. M., 1833). Dr. Algernon Coleman, after studying a year at the University of Virginia, graduated in medicine at the University of Pennsylvania in 1833. He practiced for many years at his home in Halifax County. Benjamin Drew (1786 Programme) Thomas H. Drew of Cumberland County was a member of the Convention of 1788. Benjamin Drew may have been his son. John King (1786 Programme) George King was in business near French's Store (later Kingsville) Prince Edward County. The tradition is that George King was a Hollander. The firm of Sailors and King, tanners, operating near the old courthouse, did a good business. During the first quarter of the nineteenth century Martin Sailors and George King owned all of the land im- mediately to the west and southwest of the college land. 54 [1786 1 ' Westcourt, " college land now, was a part of George King's farm; and all of the college land south of the west road comes down from Martin Sailors, who had bought of An- drew Johnston, son of Peter Johnston, Sr. This is merely an item of local business history, and has no connection with John King so far as any documentary evi- dence goes. It is plain that in 1786 Hampden Sidney College was doing well — students were coming in from far beyond the neighborhood. John King may have come from Pittsylvania or Henry County. About 1840, John King of Henry was in the legislature. John Wayles Eppes b. 1770, d. 1823. Son of Francis Eppes of ' ' Eppington, " Chesterfield County., whose wife was a half sister of Martha (Wayles) Skelton, wife of Thomas Jefferson. Mr. Jefferson wrote to his young connection, July 28, 1787, "Dear Jack: The letter which you were so kind as to write to me the 22d of May, 1786, was not delivered to me till the 3d of May, 1787, when it found me in the neighborhood of Marseilles. Before that time you must have taken your degree, as men- tioned in your letter. Those public testimonies which are earned by merit, and not by solicitation, may always be accepted without the imputation of vanity. Of this nature is the degree which your masters proposed to confer on you. I congratulate you sincerely on it." John W. Eppes was admitted to the bar in 1794 and practiced in Richmond. He was a Representative in Congress 1803-1811, 1813-1815. In 1811 the administration party induced him to take up resi- dence in Buckingham County in order to secure John Ran- dolph's seat in Congress. This Mr. Eppes accomplished in 1813. He was a Senator in Congress from 1817 to 1819, resigning in 1819 on account of ill health. He spent his last years in Buckingham County, at "Saratoga." Mr. Eppes married Maria, youngest daughter of Thomas Jeffer- son. She dying in 1804, he married a daughter of Willie Jones, of North Carolina. 1786] 55 Shortly after his return from his Paris mission, Mr. Jef- ferson spent a few days at the home of John W. Eppes. He wrote a letter to his friend, William Short, in Spain, under date Dec. 14, 1789, "Eppington." The young bache- lor, John Eppes had given him the news. Mr. Jefferson said: "Mr. Wythe has abandoned the college of William and Mary, disgusted with some conduct of the professors, and perhaps too with himself for having suffered himself to be too much irritated with that. The visitors will try to condemn what gave him offense and press him to return, otherwise it is over with the college. Mr. Henry at the present session made an unsuccessful attempt to get a portion of the revenues of William and Mary transferred to Hampden Sidney : that academy too, abandoned by Smith, is going to nothing." Writings of Jefferson (Ford), V, 136; W. M. Q., II, 274; Garland's Bandolph, I, 310. Nash LeGraxid b.1768, d. 1814. Son of Peter LeGrand of Prince Edward County, and grandson of one of the French settlers at Mana- kintown on James River. Peter LeGrand 's wife was a sis- ter of John Nash of "Templeton," Prince Edward County. Nash LeGrand was sent to college at the expense of his Uncle, John Nash, the father-in-law of John Blair Smith. Young LeGrand had commenced medical studies, but re- nounced them in 1787 for the ministry of the church. The college steward said at the time he now hoped he could keep his hogs with all four legs on. LeGrand had been what is called a wild boy. He became a man of sober character and a preacher of no ordinary power. Henry Pattillo induced him to come to North Carolina for awhile, about 1790. His most active work as a minister was in Frederick County, congregations of Cedar Creek and Opecquon. There he married Margaret Holmes, sister of Judge Hugh Holmes of the Virginia General Court, and of David Holmes, Governor of Mississippi. His wife dying about 1809, Mr. LeGrand 56 [178& returned to Southside Virginia, and was never again regu- larly a minister. He married secondly Mrs. Paulina Cabell Read, widow of Major Edmund Read of Charlotte County, who had a large plantation near Charlotte Courthouse. Mr. LeGrand died in Frederick County, at the house of his brother-in-law, Judge Holmes. Foote I, 530-543. Life of Archibald Alexander, 168. Will of the elder John Nash was probated in 1776; with regard to his grandson, Nash Legrand, he said — "he is to be kept at school in the colledge in this county till he arrives at the age of twenty-one years and then is to have £100." Paulina Cabell, daughter of Col. William Cabell of "Union Hill," was born in 1763 and died at Charlotte Courthouse in 1845. She went to school at home and was taught to dance by Mr. Jeter in 1779 — his terms were £25 per scholar per session. She was married to Major Ed- mund Read in 1782. About the year 1788 she became a member of the Presbyterian Church, and was a thorough Presbyterian to the end of her life, but still continued to pay "missionary" visits to her Episcopal relatives in Nelson County. Major Eead died in 1802. In November, 1806, Mrs. Read met the Rev. Nash LeGrand in Winchester, where she had gone to place her daughter at school. She married Mr. LeGrand in 1808. Mrs. Paulina LeGrand was a woman of great business ability and very generous. She was much shocked to learn that her brother William Cabell had employed a dancing master in his family, but took Mr. Cabell to task for not requiring the master to give three lessons a day instead of one. Mrs. LeGrand 's homes in Charlotte County were headquarters for the Presbyterian clergy and religious persons of all persuasions. Brown, Cabells and Their Kin, 209-212. Ebenezer McRobert Doubtless a son of Archibald McRobert, of Scotland and Prince Edward County, Charter Trustee. It is likely that Ebenezer McRobert became a Presbyterian minister. E£e died in 1817. Prince Edward County W. B. Theodorick McRobert Son of Archibald McRobert, Charter Trustee. Theodorick McRobert was a lawyer of ability. He was a member from 1786] 57 Pittsylvania County in the House of Delegates, 1799-1800. He died in 1813. Certain books of his were purchased by the Union Society, March 19, 1813, after his death. Daniel Baker married his daughter, Elizabeth. Prince Edward County W. B. Life of Daniel Baker, p. 81. David Meade b. 1770. Son of David Meade, grandson of Andrew Meade of Nansemond County, the emigrant. David Meade, senior, was for a time at Harrow School, under Dr. Thack- eray. His brother, Everard, Trustee of Hampden Sidney College, was also at school in England, but apparently not at Harrow. About 1768, David Meade, Sr., settled at "Maycox," a plantation on the south side of James River, in Prince George County, where he beautified his grounds most agreeably. In the year 1796 he removed to Fayette (now Jessamine) County, Kentucky. He called his place there, "Chaumiere des Prairies/' where also he was a dili- gent improver of the landscape. His eldest son, David, graduating at Hampden Sidney in 1786, the next year took his A. M. at Princeton. He preceded his father to Kentucky, and purchased the tract on which his father settled. David Meade, the younger, died a bachelor, it is supposed in Ken- tucky. It is most likely that he was the Captain or Colonel Meade who was in charge of the escort that brought Blen- nerhasset to Richmond at the time of the Burr trial in 1807. General Everard Meade of Amelia, the trustee (and an interested one) had a son named David. But the fact that David Meade of Kentucky graduated at Princeton in 1787, is almost proof that he was at Hampden Sidney the year before. W. M. Q., Vol. XIII, Autobiography of David Meade, especi- ally p. 101; Safford, Blennerhasset Papers. 58 [1786 Kemp Plummer b. 1769, d. 1826. Son of Captain William Plummer of Gloucester County, near Mobjack Bay, a vestryman of King- ston Parish (now Mathews County). His father dying in 1779, his mother sent him to college up the country, William and Mary being rather disorganized then. In 1790, Mrs. Plummer removed to North Carolina, settling in Warren County, where she had connections of influence. Kemp Plummer opened a law office at Warrenton, having gone through his first law studies under Chancellor Wythe in Virginia. He showed plenty of good sense and skill, and soon had a good practice which he kept as long as he cared to. He was a member of the General Assembly (House of Commons) 1794, and a State Senator in 1815 and 1816. It is said that he was offered the governorship by the Demo- cratic party in 1835. From 1817 to 1826, he was a Trustee of the University of North Carolina, of which his grandson, Kemp Plummer Battle was for many years President (1876- 1890). Mr. Plummer was a very hospitable man. He in- herited a tendency to gout which carried him off early. He had a good wife, was fond of music, and was celebrated locally for his kindly witticisms. ''He was an ornament to his county and an honor to the bar." Nathaniel Macon was his near connection. Biographical Sketch in Kaleidoscope, 1900, by Hon. Kemp Plummer Battle. Thomas Turpin Doubtless the grandson of Col. Thomas Turpin, of Powha- tan County (1708-1790), whose wife was Mary Jefferson, daughter of Thomas and Mary (Field) Jefferson. Thomas Turpin, Jr., was a member of the House of Delegates, from Powhatan County, 1786-1788, and a member of the Conven- tion of 1788. 1786] 59 J)r. Foote (I, 431-432) tells a good story about Patrick Henry and John Blair Smith. He says that John Blair Smith got one of his students to take down full notes of Mr. Henry's speech at Prince Edward Courthouse, in opposition to the proposed Constitution of 1789. Shortly after, there was speaking at the College. Mr. Henry came. He was a Trustee and a supporter of the institution in every way. Mr. Smith, from the full notes before him, had written a speech in reply to Mr. Henry. This was delivered by a student as part of the exercises, a clever Federalist argu- ment. Patrick Henry was much annoyed, and it is said was never a cordial friend of Mr. Smith's afterwards. Discretion sometimes pays well. It would be interesting to identity the student of the story as Thomas Turpin, '86, and then follow him into the Convention of 1788. But Thomas Tur- pin, Jr., seems to have been an influential man in Powhatan as early as 1777. James Watt Early in 1811 there was a tentative plan among certain good people of Richmond to bring John Holt Rice to the place. In a letter to his friend Alexander, Jan. 1811, John Hoit Rice said: ''The plan laid by Major [Robert] Quarles is, to subscribe and rent a house for an academy, to the charge of which the minister of their choice is to be invited ; and he is to build up a church, from the pew rent of which a salary is to be raised for him; and then if he chooses he may drop his school. Quarles, Watt, and a few others who are most deeply interested in this business are very sanguine in their expectations of success." Was this James Watt, who graduated at Hampden Sidney in 1786? Was James Watt a brother of Hugh Watt, who was the father of John Sinclair Watt (Hampden Sidney, 1826) ? The Scotch mer- chant was at Richmond before there was a Richmond. James Watt may well have been the son or the brother of a Scotch merchant of Richmond. 1787* William Baker The family of Baker was firmly fixed in Prince Edward County a long time ago, indeed had settled in the territory before the county of Prince Edward was marked off. The Amelia (later Prince Edward) Bakers were, it seems, of the Scotch Presbyterian immigration; and had it not been for the Scotch Presbyterians, the middle Virginia Presbyterians would have had little impetus, and Hampden Sidney College could not have arisen. Bakers were living near the site of the village of Hampden Sidney as early as 1750. In 1805 Andrew Baker, (a general of militia, whose home was a mile or two from Hampden Sidney) by his will making provision for a theological library at Hampden Sidney helped on very influentially the establishment of a theologi- cal seminary in Prince Edward County. It would be pleas- ing to be able to state that William Baker, A. B., 1787, was a son of General Andrew Baker. The Rev. Andrew Baker Davidson, (more than forty years a Trustee of Washington College), was a nephew of Andrew Baker, and a great grandson of John Thomson, the pioneer Presbyterian minis- ter of Prince Edward County — who wrote his "Explication of the Shorter Catechism" in Prince Edward County before the upper part of Amelia had been set off as the county of Prince Edward. Clement Read b. 1771. Son of Col. Isaac Read of Charlotte County, who died in 1777, a victim of disease in the army of the Revolu- *"We called (Bishop Asbury and Dr. Coke) at Hampden Sidney Col- leg© in Prince Edward. The outside has an unwieldy, uncommon appear- ance for a seminary of learning. What the inside is I know not. About half past eleven o'clock we reached John Finney's in Amelia County, having rode about sixty miles." — Asbury 'a Journal, II, 13. 1787] 61 tion. Colonel Read's widow married Thomas Scott, a Char- ter Trustee. Clement Read, (class of 1786 : degree conferred April, 1787), the year after he graduated, decided to become a minister of the church. About 1787 there was a wide- spread interest in religious concerns in Southside Virginia. At first a Presbyterian, Mr. Read soon joined the Republican Methodists, a sect at one time very strong in Lunenburg County. He was a minister of that sect from 1790 to 1809, when he again became a Presbyterian. During the interval there had been an effort made by the Baptists, Methodists, and ^Presbyterians of the region to effect a working union. Mr. Read died before 1845. "In the earlier stages of the temperance movement, to the surprise of many, he raised his voice against some procedures, protesting they were un- scriptural and inadmissible. Possessed of an ample estate (in Charlotte County) he lived in great simplicity and abun- dance, and maintained to the last his simplicity of manners, frankness of expression, tenderness of feeling, and single- ness of mind. He married a daughter of Col. Thomas Ed- munds of Brunswick County." Foote, II, 573-580. William Henry Harrison b. 1773, d. 1841. His father, Governor Benjamin Harrison, of "Berkeley," Charles City County, a signer of the Declar- ation of Independence, unlike President Benjamin Harrison, was no iceberg. He was a large, jovial man. On signing the Declaration of American Independence it is said he re- marked to Elbridge Gerry, a small, thin man, "Gerry, if they hang us for this, you have no chance, but the rope will break with me." William Henry Harrison, "at the age of fourteen left Hampden Sidney College, where he had re- mained for about a year, and entered an academy of high standing in Southampton County, where he continued to prosecute his studies with great industry and success until his seventeenth year." He was a younger son, and it may 62 [1787 have been thought that a Bachelor's degree was not what he needed. William Henry Harrison then went to Philadel- phia to study medicine, but his father dying in 1791, he entered the army and found the work that suited him. He knew how to handle American troops and how to conduct a talk with the Indians. Soon after going into the army he married (against the Judge's wishes) a daughter of Judge Symmes, great landholder of North Bend and the Cincinnati region. It may be said of William Henry Harrison, as of other men, that he had the misfortune to be chosen President of the United States. Montgomery, Life of Major General Harrison, Cleveland, 1852. Patrick Shields b. 1773, d. 1848. Son of James Shields, of Pittsylvania County, of Scotch Irish origin. Patrick Shields was a class- mate, at Hampden Sidney College, of William Henry Harri- son. Early in the nineteenth century he went out to Ken- tucky and thence to Indiana. It is said that he was an aide to General Harrison at the battle of Tippecanoe. He was a member of the Indiana Constitutional Convention of 1816, and for more than thirty years was on the bench. Judge Shields was one of the founders of Indiana. Although a slave owner himself, he was careful to keep Indiana what used to be called a "free State." He died at New Albany and is buried there. See biographical sketch in Philosophia Ultima, (by Prof. Charles Woodruff Shields of Princeton, a grandson of Patrick Shields), New York, 1905, Vol. III. William Calhoun b. 1772, d. 1851. His father, Adam Calhoun, lived about six miles from the college. Young Calhoun went home every Saturday and was required by his father to keep the Sab- bath day carefully. About 1787 he made up his mind to be a minister. He was one of a remarkable group of students 1787] 63 at that time who became ministers. In 1792 he went out as a missionary to Kentucky, accompanying Carey Allen on Mr. Allen's second visit to that region. Going down the Ohio River, their boat was fired upon by Indians. In 1799 Mr. Calhoun returned to Virginia, settled in Augusta County and spent the rest of his life there. His churches were at Staunton and Brown's Meeting House (Hebron Church). For many years he kept a classical school in Augusta. Dr. Foote represents him as a man of vigorous intellect, of great self-command, of a ready mind, fine conversational powers and of an enlarged public spirit. He argued William Wirt into an open acknowledgement of Christianity. Mr. Calhoun married a daughter of James Waddel, and was thus a brother-in-law of Dr. Archibald Alexander. Foote II, 235-240. Sprague III, 237. Dr. Eobert Davidson, in his Presbyterian Church in Kentucky (1847), gives some account of William Calhoun, of Cary Allen, John P. Campbell, James^ Blythe and William Mahon. Henry Pattillo b. 1726, d. 1801. Born in Scotland at Balermic, near Dun- dee, "of an ancient and honorable family." Henry Pattillo at the age of fourteen came to America with an elder brother named George. His home for some years seems to have been in Old Lunenburg somewhere on the Roanoke River. He was for a time a merchant's clerk, and fell into a bad way of life during his counting house years. Then he set up for a teacher. He remembered his religious upbringing and reformed. Towards 1751 he was about to go to Pennsyl- vania, to prosecute studies fitting him to be a minister, but he met Samuel Davies, and Mr. Davies offered to supervise his education. He was more or less under Mr. Davies 's care, in Hanover County, from 1751 to 1757 ; during that time he was married (to Miss Mary Anderson), and supported him- self in part by teaching a few children. From 1757 to 1765 he was a minister, in Cumberland County, Goochland County 64 [1787 and that region. In 1765 he removed to Bute County (now Warren, Franklin and Vance) North Carolina, and there remained until his death, occupied as a preacher and teacher. He died in Dinwiddie County, Virginia, whither he had gone on a missionary excursion. His funeral sermon was preached by Drury Lacy. "Possessed of an originality of genius, and endowed by nature with powers of mind su- perior to the common lot of men," Henry Pattillo was late in maturing and was always perhaps somewhat of an im- provident philosopher. He was fond of books and was an author (Plain Planter's Family Assistant, 1787 ; Sermons, etc., 1788; A Geographical Catechism, 1796). He had been a member of Congress in North Carolina, and in 1787 Hamp- den Sidney College made him a Master of Arts, the first on its list as the list is. Spiague III, 196. Sketch in Geographical Catechism, Chapel Hill, 1909. The Pattillo Farrow family of South Carolina are descendants 1788 Dniry Lacy William Lacy, a farmer, of Chesterfield County, married Elizabeth Rice, cousin to Benjamin Rice, father of John Holt Rice. William Lacy's son, Drury Lacy, was born Oct. 5, 1758 ; two sons, born earlier, became ministers of the Bap- tist Church. At the age of ten, Drury Lacy, out to see the militia mustered on the court green, had the misfortune to lose his left hand. Some brute, so the story goes, placed an overloaded gun in his hands and asked him to pull the trig- ger. This accident made it imperative that the lad should be placed at school. The Rev. Christopher Macrae, a class- mate of the poet Beattie's at Edinburgh, was settled as the minister of Littleton Parish, Cumberland County, in 1773. He established there a notable school, and it is said that Drury Lacy went to school to Mr. Macrae for awhile. Then his father died and he had to be taken away from school. His mother dying shortly after, he was left to shift for him- self. He was employed by his neighbors to teach what was called in those days an English school, that is to say, an elementary or primary school. "By strict attention to his duties he acquired a reputation with his employers, and by assiduous application to study in his leisure hours, he in- creased his stock of knowledge and prepared himself for greater usefulness. By the time he was twenty-one years of age he had, without the aid of an instructor, become well acquainted with geography, English grammar, algebra, geometry and surveying, and was employed as teacher in the county of Cumberland in the family of Daniel Allen, father of the eccentric Cary Allen. In this position he came under the preaching of John Blair Smith, and by his in- fluence was led to make a profession of religion, at about the age of twenty -two. By the assistance of Mr. Smith, after he had taught in the family of Mr. Allen about four years, 66 [1788 he obtained the situation of teacher in the family of Col. John Nash, who lived about six miles from Hampden Sidney College. Here he had but three pupils, and enjoyed the partial instruction of Mr. Smith in commencing the Latin language. Mr. Smith was a visitor at the house of Colonel Nash [he married one of the Colonel's daughters] and de- voted an hour once a fortnight to Lacy, to encourage and assist him in his course of study. His proficiency in learn- ing Latin was such that a vacancy occurring in the faculty of the college, he was employed as under tutor, when in his twenty-fourth [twenty-sixth] year. In this situation he prosecuted his studies, and completed a classical and scien- tific course and his preparation for the gospel ministry." In the year 1787, Drury Lacy was licensed by his Presby- tery to preach. Holding his office as a tutor at the college he preached around in the neighboring congregations — at Hat Creek and Concord in Campbell County, and at Cub Creek in Charlotte County. He must have been a powerful preacher from the first, but was always unequal both in matter and delivery. His voice was one of extraordinary range, could be heard at times at more than a mile's distance. He was perhaps most effective as a woods preacher, and took much part in the amazing and perplexing revival of 1787-88 in southern Virginia. He was a man conspicuous for candor, and simplicity of motive and life. The summer of 1788, President Smith took up residence in the country, and the actual care of the institution devolved upon Mr. Lacy, who was thereupon honored causa rneriti with the Bachelor's degree. The next year John Blair Smith resigned tHe presi- dency, and Mr. Lacy was appointed Vice-President in charge. He was more of a preacher than an organizer and discip- linarian. There were many difficulties in the way, and the college did not go on well. In 1796 Mr. Lacy became quite discouraged and removed to a farm he had bought, a few miles north of the college. He called the place 'Ararat,' and lived there the rest of his life. In the year 1789 he had married Miss Anne Smith, a daughter of William Smith of 1788] 67 Powhatan, the only Presbyterian in that county. At ' Ara- rat' Mr. Lacy set up a school for boys, of which he made a success. John Randolph of Roanoke, placed his wards there, and Hugh Blair Grigsby was trained there for Yale College. Drury Lacy was a teacher and preacher. He was celebrated for his calligraphy. Numerous manuscripts of his that have been preserved show how perfect his handwriting was. The loss of his left hand (he wore a silver cap over the stub of the wrist), which gave his life its bent, seems also to have made his right hand very dexterous. Mr. Lacy, living at 'Ararat,' continued active in the affairs of Hampden Sidney College as a member of the Board of Trustees. In 1809 he was moderator of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church. He was often a delegate from his Presbytery to that Assembly, which met in the old days at Philadelphia and hardly anywhere else. The fall of 1815 Mr. Lacy was at Philadelphia for a surgical operation (calculus). The operation was not successful and he died Nov. 8th, at the house of his friend, Robert Ralston. His wife had died in Virginia a few days before. The development of the life of Drury Lacy is an interesting subject for contemplation. He was a tall man, above six feet, of large frame and well proportioned. Foote I, 489-505. Gary Allen b. 1767, d. 1795. This remarkable man was the son of Daniel Allen of Cumberland County. In the congregation of Samuel Davies in Hanover County were five brothers by the name of Allen. Soon after Davies left Virginia, they all settled on Great Guinea Creek in Cumberland County, and were strong supporters of the Presbyterian interest there. Cary Allen was the eighth child of Daniel Allen, a man of intellect, whose second wife was Mrs. Joanna Hill, mother of William Hill. At college and throughout his short life, Cary Allen was apt at comedy. He broke up an 68 [1788 audience by reciting John Gilpin, then something new off the press. Keligion taking hold of him, he was for a time uncertain whether to be a Methodist or a Presbyterian. He became a Presbyterian, and in 1791 went out as a missionary to Kentucky. Coming home to Virginia the next year it was difficult for people to believe he was a minister when they saw him riding with rifle and wampum shot pouch a part of his baggage. For several years he went back and forth to Kentucky, and died there from exposure to the weather in his work. Dr. Foote's account of his eccentri- cities and real worth is most interesting. Mr. Allen married a daughter of Col. William Fleming of Botetourt. Dr. George A. Baxter married another daughter of Col. Flem- ing. Foote II, 223-235. James Blythe b. 1765, d. 1842. Son of James Blythe of Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, an emigrant from Scotland. His father designed him for a learned profession, and placed him at school to learn Latin and Greek. He found learning distasteful at first, and his father consented for him to quit school. But driving a wagon to Charleston was worse than Latin declensions, and the young Blythe returned to the classics. He is the first student on record from North Caro- lina at Hampden Sidney College. There he became con- firmed in his religious views and decided to be a minister of the church. Having studied theology under James Hall of Iredell County, North Carolina, he went out to Kentucky in 1791. For many years thereafter he was a preacher and teacher in the Lexington region of Kentucky, identified chiefly with Transylvania University, of which he was act- ing President twelve or fifteen years. Dr. Blythe ? s favorite studies were mathematics and natural philosophy. For four years, 1832-1836, he was President of South Hanover Col- lege, Indiana. In 1815 Princeton conferred on him the de- 1788] 69 gree of D. D., and in 1816 he was moderator of the Presby- terian General Assembly. At the schism of 1837 he sup- ported the old school. Dr. Blythe was a man of large frame and of positive character. In 1812 he began publishing a monthly magazine, "The Evangelical Record and Western Review." This ran to two volumes. Sprague, III, 591-599; Biographical Sketch in Kaleidoscope, 1900. Henry Callaway Henry Callaway and his brother Robert, in the William and Mary catalogue, attributed to Amherst County [note John Callaway, one of the incorporators of Lynchburg in 1786], seem to have been fond of going to college. In 1788 they took the bachelor's degree at Hampden Sidney College ; about 1790 they were at the College of William and Mary ; and in 1791 they are listed as having made the first degree in the arts at Princeton College. It is picturesque, the fancy of two brothers of Bedford County or Amherst County, set- ting out for college, each with a black boy to tend upon him, a party of four on horseback — going first to one college and then to another for certainly a classical education. James Carter In the year 1777, James Carter of Prince Edward, sold about a thousand acres of land lying in that county. With very little to show for it, we will say that James Carter (A. B., 1788), was from Prince Edward County; that being an associate at college of the sons of Archibald McRobert, he married the daughter of Mr. McRobert; and during the first quarter of the nineteenth century placed two or three of his sons at Hampden Sidney College. It is not impossi- ble that Theodoric A. Carter, 1818 (this name is a conjecture in lieu of Thomas A. Carter heretofore listed), was thus the grandson of Archibald McRobert. It is not impossible that Archibald Carter, 1816, was the same as Theodoric A. Carter. From writings in a book that belonged to Dr. David Flour- 70 [1788 noy, of ' Chantilly, ' Prince Edward County, it appears that Theodoric A. Carter was making a signature in 1821. At the time he may have been studying medicine under Dr. Flournoy. It is known that one of the Rev. Archibald McRobert's daughters married a Mr. Carter. But it is granted that the categorical imperative is not the same for the romancer as for the annalist. John Sankey Richard Sankey, an Ulsterman, was for a good many years a minister in Pennsylvania before 1757, when with a great part of his congregation, he settled on Buffalo Creek, in Prince Edward County. Buffalo Church is one of the oldest churches in the Prince Edward region, and near the church for a long time was a trading place called ' Londonderry. ' Richard Sankey lived to be an old man, dying a few months before the organization of the Synod of Virginia in 1788 — he had been designated the first moderator. In 1775, Rich- ard Sankey was of the first Board of Trustees of Hampden Sidney Academy. It is recorded that he liked to use Hebrew in the pulpit. He was the son-in-law of the Rev. John Thom- son (no-compromise Old School man), who while settled in the territory of Prince Edward County, composed in 1748 the earliest book to come out of that territory, "An Expli- cation of the Shorter Catechism." John Sankey, the son of Richard Sankey [see Prince Edward County Will Books] was likely a minister himself. It is probable he spent his life in the South. In 1827 Richard T[homson] Sankey of Georgia graduated in medicine at the University of Penn- sylvania. James Charles Dr. Foote (II, 429) says of the great revival of 1787-88:— "Mr. Charles, leaving the college without making a pro- fession [of religion], afterwards became a minister in the Episcopal Church." [Sketches of Virginia, I, 429.] The 1788] 71 name Charles seems to have been fixed at this time in York County. But it is not impossible that Dr. Foote meant to write in a more usual family name after Charles. However, we will guess that Dr. Foote J s Mr. Charles was the Rev. James Charles, a Methodist minister in 1815 at Burke's Garden, Tazewell County, and described by Dr. McAnally as "a man of much more than ordinary talent, of deep and fervent piety, graceful manners and digni- fied deportment." Life of William Patton. St. Louis, 1858, p. 21. Abner Early Dr. Foote (II, 429) says of the period 1787-88, "Mr. Abner Early, without uniting with the church at college, afterwards became a minister in the Methodist Church." Henry and Robert Callaway were at Hampden Sidney College in 1788. It is probable that Abner Early came to college with the Callaways. The Earlys and the Callaways were associated in the iron business in Bedford County. Jubal Early estab- lished his son-in-law, James Callaway, at one of the first iron furnaces in the Bedford region. Abner Early, son of Colonel Jeremiah Early, of Bedford County, was born in 1767 and died about 1837. He was a minister of the Methodist Church, and lived on the planta- tion which had been the home of his father. Col. Jeremiah Early was interested in the Washington Iron "Works, in Henry County. See Family of Early, by Miss E. H. Early, Lynchburg, 1920, p. 135. William Spencer It is interesting to note the religious complexions of Vir- ginia, shortly after the Revolution. Dr. William Hill, in his journal of missionary tours about 1791, gives some indica- tion of the critical posture of affairs. In Lancaster County he found the remains of James Waddel's Presbyterian con- gregation among the Carters, Gordons, Seldens, etc. The Methodists then in Lancaster were very cordial to the Pres- 72 [1788 byterians in partibus. At Williamsburg, although bearing a letter of introduction from Col. Gordon, the missionary could hardly find lodgment, even at John Holt's, a connec- tion of Davies, and a relation of John Holt Rice. Hearing of a Methodist quarterly meeting in James City County, young Mr. Hill rode over for attendance. The preachers in charge expressed the greatest aversion to the Calvinistic creed. There were two youthful Baptist ministers present, Robert Baylor Semple, and Andrew Broaddus. They pro- moted there a meeting of their own. Keeping on towards Surry County, Mr. Hill met his old college mate, William Spencer, 'who had professed conversion a little before the revival in the college, and had left his studies and com- menced preaching as a circuit rider/ Spencer refused to recommend Hill to any of the Methodists of Petersburg, and added that no Methodists would be likely to ask him to preach, since his preaching had made a bad impression. At Chinquepin Church in Amelia County, Mr. James Craig, an Episcopal minister, appeared and insisted on preaching. Nobody else being willing to make any responses at the service, Hill agreed to make them himself. Foote, II, 182-185. Stephen Trent Dr. Foote says (II, 429) Stephen Trent of Cumberland County became an elder in the Presbyterian Church after leaving Hampden Sidney College, about the year 1788. Jeremiah Lawson General Robert Lawson of Prince Edward County, such an influential friend to Hampden Sidney College at its origin, had a son named Jeremiah, whom we will suppose he placed at college at Hampden Sidney during the period of the Methodist influence. Jeremiah Lawson settled in Kentucky while Kentucky was still legally attached to Virginia (i.e. before 1792), and immediately upon the transfer of Louis- 1788] 73 iana from France removed to St. Louis. He seems to have been married at that time, 1804, since the statement is made that waiting at the mouth of the Ohio for a barge to take him and his family up to St. Louis he saw the last of the French troops at that post. Jeremiah Lawson was a Metho- dist preacher, very well known in Kentucky, Missouri and Ohio. His son, Leonidas Moreau Lawson [1812-1864] was a physician of note, professor in the Transylvania Medical School, in the Cincinnati Medical School and founder and editor of the Western Lancet [1842-1864]. The Rev. Jere- miah Lawson 's son, William Lawson, of Howard County, Missouri, was the father of Leonidas Moreau Lawson, finan- cier, of Missouri and New York, member of the firm of Donnell, Lawson & Co., which he represented in London for some time, returning to New York in 1878 ; either he or a son of the same name was living in New York in 1907. History of Transylvania Medical School: Filson Club Publi- cations; White's Cyclopaedia of Am. Biography, II, 120; Lamb's Cyclopaedia of Am. Biography. When Cornwallis invaded Virginia, the services of the college were for a time suspended [during the period March to October, 1781]. After the capture of the invading general at York, the men returned to their homes, college studies were resumed, and the congregations of the neighborhood became more regular. 'The demoralizing effects of the war,' said Dr. Wm. Hill, 'left religion in a most deplorable condi- tion. The Sabbath had been almost forgotten, and public morals sadly deteriorated. But Hampden Sidney College appeared to revive. President Smith entered de novo upon his various and responsible duties. The number of students continued to increase, until the rooms in college were as full as they well could contain. ' Presbytery considering that its Board of Trustees had failed to discharge its duty, (no recorded meetings for five years after 1777), largely increased the numbers of its Board 74 [1788 in 1782, a few months before the charter. Sept. 22, 1786, the first regular college class, receiving degrees under the charter, was graduated — 'eight candidates for the first de- gree in the arts, having stood an examination upon a variety of subjects before the Board.' John Blair Smith's impres- sive manner of preaching drew after him large audiences, but with little apparent effect until about the year 1787. 'He was always a very attractive and popular preacher.' said William Hill, 'and drew crowds after him, for it was one of his peculiar properties to put out his strength in everything he undertook and to do nothing by halves. But the troubles of the Revolutionary war were waxing worse and worse, and were drawing nigher and nigher. The British army was for a time in the midst of his people, committing desperate outrages, and at length caused a sus- pension of public worship in his congregation, and broke up entirely the business of the college.' However, the busi- ness of the college had been well re-established by the year 1787. About that time the Methodists and Baptists began their work of revival in Southside Virginia. President Smith himself was led to hold more frequent meetings, es- pecially in the congregation of Briery. At the college dur- ing 1787 there were sixty to eighty students, 'not one known to be any way serious and thoughtful upon the subject of religion; they were generally very vicious and profane and treated religion and religious persons with great contempt and ridicule, though attentive to their studies and the ac- quisition of knowledge. ' The Methodists were also working in Cumberland County. Cary Allen and William Hill, half brothers, went to their home in Cumberland on vacation, and both became much affected by the revival that was going on. Upon Allen's return to college, President Smith, fearful that the young man's religion was unstable, put him through the most rigid examinations. 'Cary Allen was the first student who made any public pretensions to religion in college.' Then Allen, Blythe, William Hill, and Clement Read began to hold prayer meetings in the woods and on 1788] 75 rainy afternoons in their rooms. They were overheard by some of the students and a riot followed. 'Information of the riot was given to President Smith. In the evening the college was rung to prayers. When the prayers were ended, Mr. Smith demanded the cause of the riot, and who were the leaders in it. Some of the most prominent leaders stepped forward and said there were some of the students who had shut themselves up in one of the rooms in college, and began singing and praying and carrying on like the Methodists, and they were determined to break it up.' The four had nothing to say. They were not certain that they were justifiable in introducing such exercises into college without first obtaining permission. President Smith reas- sured them on that score. They held their meetings in his parlor, then in the college hall, and a conspicious revival began in the neighborhood and at the college. President Smith became more and more interested in his evangelistic work. The summer of 1788 he removed to his farm in the neighborhood. The next year he gave up all connection with the college, except his office of Trustee. 'The situation of Mr. Lacy, Vice-President, was laborious, difficult and unenviable. In the want of permanent funds, the income of the college was not adequate to sustain a suf- ficient number of qualified teachers. The support of the nearby congregations, given to the teachers for their minis- terial services, was necessary in order to preserve the ap- pearance of a college. The ardour with which the com- munity had embarked in the cause of education was some- what abated; and political feeling [Constitution and anti- Constitution] which at that time entered into everything of a social nature, had an influence unfavorable to the popu- larity of the college ; and even the revival of religion of 1787-88 was made to act unfavorably on some parts of the community around, as the officers of the college were ac- cused of sectarianism. The attention of Synod also was more particularly turned to the school at Lexington as the place where theological students should be trained for the 76 [1788 ministry. The efforts in 1792 to translate William Graham from Lexington to Hampden Sidney failed; and the tide of favour set for Liberty Hall at Lexington. Some things had occurred, not of permanent interest, that for a time turned away part of Hanover Presbytery from their own college. As these things were personal and transient, and connected with the President's resigning, they need not be perpetuated in history. The consequence was that Hampden Sidney *or a time languished.' Foote I, 405, 406, 411, 412, 413, 414, 497, 498. 1789 George Cabell b. 1774, d. 1827. Brother of William H. Cabell, governor, etc. Studied medicine under his cousin, Dr. George Cabell of Lynchburg, and completed his medical education at the University of Pennsylvania. He was known as Dr. George Cabell, Jr., to distinguish him from his cousin. His home was at 'Bon Aire' in Amherst County, where he practiced his profession with success until 1817, removing then to Richmond. Brown, Cabells, 258. William H. Cabell In 1846 Judge Cabell wrote: "I was born Dec. 16, 1772, at 'Boston Hill' in Cumberland County, the residence of my maternal grandfather, Col. George Carrington, whose wife was a daughter of Major William Mayo who lived in that part of old Goochland which is now Powhatan County. From February or March, 1784, to the next Christmas, I went to school at 'Boston Hill,' to Mr. James Wilson, where I commenced the study of the Latin language. In the month of February or March, 1785, I went to Hampden Sidney College where I continued until 1789. In the month of February or March I went to William and Mary College, where I continued until July, 1793. In the fall of 1793 I went to Richmond to complete the study of the law. In July, 1794, I commenced the practice of the law. I was elected to the Assembly in the spring of 1796. I was also in the famous Assembly of 1798 and voted for the famous resolutions of that session. I was a member of the Assembly in the years 1802, 1803, and 1804. In April, 1805, I was again elected to the Assembly and attended as a member, December, 1805, but within a few days after the commence- 78 [1789 ment of the session, I was elected governor [by the Legis- lature] in which office I continued for three years, till December, 1808.' ' Gov. Cabell was thirty-six years old at the end of his term. For the rest of his life he was a Judge, either of the general court or the court of appeals. He was President of the latter court from 1842 to 1851, dying in 1853. The H. in his name was a mere letter. He was a learned, just, and kindly Judge. Brown, Cabells, 249-255. Dabney Carr b. 1773, d. 1837. His father, Dabney Carr of Louisa County, married a sister of Thomas Jefferson, dying at the age of thirty. It is claimed that as a member of the House of Bur- gesses he presented the resolutions for the appointment of Committees of Correspondence throughout the colonies. Dabney Carr, Jr., after leaving Hampden Sidney College, studied law at home with Mr. Jefferson, and settled in Albe- marle County. There he was intimately associated with William Wirt, who was then practising in Albemarle. Dab- ney Carr was appointed Chancellor of the Winchester Dis- trict in 1811, and in 1824 was made a Judge of the Supreme Court of Appeals. His decisions were noted for profundity of investigation. Judge Carr's grave is in Shockoe Ceme- tery, Richmond. Tyler, Virginia Biography, II, 63. William Hill b. 1769, d. 1852. Son of Joseph and Joanna (Read) Hill of Cumberland County. His father dying in 1774, his mother married Mr. Daniel Allen, father of Gary Allen. Young Hill was taught at home, by Drury Lacy, tutor for three years in Daniel Allen's family. The Aliens were Presbyterians; the Hills were rather militant non-conformists after the Revolution. William Hill's guardian was his father's bro- 1789] 79 ther, who sent his ward to college intending him to study law. At college, young Hill decided to be a preacher. He was one of the group powerfully influenced by the Great Revival of 1787 in Southside Virginia. His uncle, threaten- ing to cast him off, he was given a home by Major Edmund Read of Charlotte County. While living at Major Read's he studied theology under the direction of John Blair Smith. After two very interesting years as a missionary in eastern and western Virginia, William Hill settled in the Lower Valley, at Charlestown, 1792, and then, 1800, at Winchester. He was a teacher and preacher of mark at both places. About 1834, Dr. Hill became much involved in the disputes of New School and Old School Presbyterianism. He was the foremost supporter in Virginia of the New School, a rather turbulent man in argument and a powerful writer (see his " History of American Presbyterianism/' Washington, 1839). Dr. Hill died at the home of his son-in-law, Mr. Tidball, in Winchester. He had married in 1792 a daughter of Col. William Morton of Charlotte County. Some of his clerical brethren used to twit him about his D. D., conferred by Dartmouth in 1816, when that college was in a legal tangle. Dr. Hill in his later years was a man of extraor- dinary appearance, magnificent. He was fond of a joke and had a fiery temper, conspicuous among the old breed of upstanding men of middle Virginia shaped by the eighteenth century. Dr. Foote, his biographer, has set forth his char- acter at large. Foote II, 169-190; 310-319; 463-480. Sprague III, 563ff. David Wiley David Wiley, chief organizer of the Union Society at Hampden Sidney College, was a Pennsylvanian by birth. He went to Princeton College, and graduated there in Sep- tember, 1788. After a month's vacation he was brought to Hampden Sidney by John Blair Smith, November 18, 1788, to take up work as Tutor. He continued in this work for 80 [1789 two years, leaving Hampden Sidney College in October, 1790. David Wiley belonged to the Cliosophic Society at Prince- ton. It was customary for Princeton men who were connected with Hampden Sidney to be members of the Whig Society. Anyhow, Mr. Wiley effected the organization of a new liter- ary society at Hampden Sidney College. Whether the Union Society was a coalition club, exactly what it was at its be- ginning in 1789 is not known. It was influential in the community at least, and David Wiley was the chief sponsor. Similarly when Mr. Cushing came to Hampden Sidney in 1817 he interested himself in the welfare of the Philan- thropic Society. For some ten years until 1800, Mr. Wiley was a minister in Huntington Presbytery, Pennsylvania. He then settled in the District of Columbia, at Georgetown, as principal of the Columbian Academy, which like the Columbian Li- brary in the Ten Miles Square, had been founded by Dr. Balch of Georgetown, Presbyterian pope of all that district for many years. David Wiley was principal of the Colum- bian Academy, librarian of the Columbian Library, post- master, merchant miller, superintendent of a turnpike and secretary of the Columbian Agricultural Society. This so- ciety, an outgrowth of the Arlington Sheep Shearings, was a very active club, with which the war of 1812 interfered a good deal. Mr. Wiley died in 1813, in North Carolina where he was in charge of a government survey. Certainly for two years after April, 1810, Mr. Wiley was editor of the Columbian Society's journal, called " The Agricultural Museum." Apparently David Wiley was the editor of the first distinct farm journal in America. Plainly he had the organizing faculty. Who knows but one day the Union Society will be doing philanthropic work with score cards and Medley seeds, silos and swine husbandry? And even if it does not so, its founder is worth celebration. See Hampden Sidney Magazine, October, 1916. Mrs. Anne Beeve Aldrich, in Washington Star, April 1, 1893. 1789] 81 James Cocke Very likely the son of Chastain Cocke, of "Clover Pas- ture," Powhatan County. James Cocke of Powhatan was born in 1770 and died in 1825. (Dupuy Genealogy, p. 250.) It would be interesting to identify James Cocke, one of the founders of the Union Society at Hampden Sidney in 1789, with Dr. James Cocke (d. 1813), one of the founders of the University of Maryland Medical School in 1807. " February 1789: Miss Margaret Jordan Cabell was in attendance upon a society meeting at Hampden Sidney." [Brown, Cabells, etc., p. 217.] It is to be regretted that Miss Cabell did not instruct the annalist to say what was the name of this society. "Tuesday, September 22, 1789: Messrs. David Wiley, James Cocke, William Williamson, John A. Morton, Henry A. Watkins, William Wat- kins, Edward Ward, and Blake B. Woodson met in Mr. David Wiley's room in order to enter upon a plan for forming a society in this college for the promotion of literature and friendship. That they might act with the more steadiness and reliance on each other's conduct they made and subscribed [a declaration] . . . This done, a committee con- sisting of Messrs. David Wiley, John Morton, and William Williamson was appointed to draw up a system of laws for the regulation of the society to be submitted for their consideration on the first Friday of next session. Mr. James Cocke appointed to preside at the first meeting (Nov. 6, 1789), and Mr. James Jones to officiate as clerk.' ' [Minute Book.] William Archer Cocke b. 1771, d. 1844. Brother of James Cocke. William Archer Cocke lived in Powhatan County. His grandson, William Archer Cocke, (author of a "Constitutional History of the United States to the Close of Jackson's Administra- tion." Philadelphia, 2 vols., vol. I, 1858; attorney general of Florida), was, it is likely, a student at Hampden Sidney College in 1845. Edward Henry Son of Patrick Henry by his first marriage. Edward Henry died young, in 1794. 82 [1789 Abram Sandifer John Sandifer of Charlotte County, died in 1804. It is likely that Abram Sandifer (clerk of the Union Society in 1790) went out to Tennessee. Abram Sandifer Hoggatt, of Tennessee, was a student at Hampden Sidney College in 1818. Henry A. Watkins Son of Col. Joel Watkins of ' Woodfork,' Charlotte County, a charter Trustee of Hampden Sidney College. Captain Henry A. Watkins, a soldier in the war of 1812, was also for many years a Trustee of the college. He died in the year 1848. Carrington, Handbook of Charlotte County, 1907, p. 13. Blake B. Woodson Of Cumberland County. Woodsons were clerks of Cum- berland County for a hundred years after 1781, among them Blake B. Woodson from 1846 to 1881. It is likely that Blake Woodson, one of the organizers of the Union Society in 1789, was a lawyer; and it is not impossible that he settled in western Virginia. Blake Woodson, a lawyer of Cumberland County, and clerk of Fayette County, married in 1830 the widow of Thomas Jackson, father of General T. J. Jackson. 1790 Thomas Poage Son of John Poage of Augusta County. Dr. Moses Hoge was a brother-in-law of Thomas Poage, A. B., 1790, who died suddenly in 1793, ' ' a young minister of great promise, newly married and about to settle at Gerrardstown, " then in Berkeley County. Foote I, 557, 559. David Smith b. 1772, d. 1803. Son of Rev. Joseph Smith (whose par- ents were emigrants from England), long of Washington County, Pennsylvania. Washington County was for some time within the limits of the Presbyterian Synod of Virginia. About 1789, Mr. Smith attending a meeting of that Synod, took with him his son David, whom he then committed to the care of John Blair Smith to be educated at the College of Hampden Sidney. [A. B., 1790.] David Smith became a minister. His work was done in Fayette and Westmore- land Counties, Pennsylvania. He died at the Forks of Yough, Westmoreland County, leaving a son who became a minister, Rev. Joseph Smith, D. D., of Alleghany. It is possible that David Smith (1817) was a son of David Smith, 1790. William Hill on his missionary tour, late in 1790, to Lan- caster County and Eastern Virginia, was accompanied part of the way by David Smith. They stopped at Col. Gordon's in Lancaster, and were most hospitably received. Col. Gor- don was a conspicuous Virginia Presbyterian, a man of wealth, brother-in-law of James Waddel. Smith had to stay a while at Col. Gordon's; he had been hurt by his horse falling on the ice. Dr. Hill entered in his journal: "I find notwithstanding the unfavourable impressions made upon 84 [1790 Mr. Smith and myself the night of our arrival at Col. Gor- don's, there were some eminently pious persons in that gay and fashionable circle into which we were introduced with so much formality. I find this also, that I had attached too much importance to dress and manners." Sprague III, 280. Foote II, 179-182. Willia.ni Williamson In 1794, William Williamson (who had graduated at Hampden Sidney College in 1790), joined the Synod of the Carolinas; in 1799 he was the minister at Fairforest, South Carolina. In 1805 he was released by the Synod of the Carolinas to the State of Ohio, and was living at Manches- ter, Ohio, in 1836. Foote, Sketches of North Carolina, 290, 302, 457. Howe, Presbyterian Church in South Carolina, II, 146. Life of Archibald Alexander, p. 153. Walter Coles It is likely that this was Walter Coles, b. 1778, d. 1854, of 'Woodville,' Albemarle County, son of John Coles of Albemarle, and grandson of John Coles, the emigrant, who settled as a merchant in Henrico County, coming to Virginia from Enniscorthy, Ireland. This Walter Coles was a brother of Edward Coles, Governor of Illinois (Hampden Sidney, 1805). "Woods, History of Albemarle County. John Lambdin Amelia County or Prince Edward County. The name was also spelled Lamkin. Peter Lamkin was church warden of a church in Raleigh Parish, Amelia County, in the year 1786. 1790] 85 John Spencer John Spencer of Charlotte County, born 1745, married a daughter of Thomas Watkins of Chickahominy, father of Francis Watkins of Prince Edward County. It seems prob- able that John Spencer, a student at Hampden Sidney Col- lege, 1790, was the son of that John Spencer. It would be of great interest to have a full statement showing the sup- port in personnel given Hampden Sidney College (or any other college) by the founders of the institution through their descendants and connections. These are matters of curious value, In 1790, as at other times in the history of the place, the main obligation was how to get students and how to hold them legitimately, no matter where they came from. Francis Watkins Francis Watkins, a member of the Union Society in 1790, son of Francis Watkins, clerk of Prince Edward Court, Trustee, etc., was born in 1776, and died in Alabama where he had taken up residence. In 1810 Francis Watkins, Jr., was a Justice of Prince Edward County. Statement of William S. Morton, of Charlotte County, 1920. 1791 George M. Bibb b. 1772, d. 1859. Son of Richard Bibb, Trustee, a resident of Prince Edward County perhaps as late as 1795, who removed to Kentucky. George Bibb left Hampden Sidney College for Princeton. He was graduated A. M., at Prince- ton in 1792. Walter Coles and William Watkins, who had been at Hampden Sidney, were also at Princeton in 1792. Bibb went to William and Mary for law, finishing there in 1795. He then settled in Kentucky, at Lexington, and was immediately successful as a lawyer and public man. He was a member of the Kentucky legislature several times before 1809; was twice chief justice of the court of appeals; was a Senator in Congress 1811-1814, 1829-1835; and for a few months was Secretary of the Treasury under President Tyler. Once getting to Washington, Mr. Bibb staid there, becoming a minor government official. He died in George- town, District of Columbia. He came of a family of long- lived people, several of them living much beyond eighty years. Saunders, Early Settlers of Alabama, p. 434. Andrew Brown In 1799 Andrew Brown was listed as minister at Cane Creek, South Carolina, Synod of the Carolinas. It is almost certain that this was the Andrew Brown who graduated at Hampden Sidney College in 1791. Removing to Alabama, Mr. Brown died there Oct. 18, 1823. Howe, Presbyterian Church in South Carolina, II, 410. John Poage Campbell b. 1767, d. 1814. Son of Robert Campbell of Augusta County, who in 1781 settled in Kentucky. John Campbell 1791] 87 went to school at home in Rockbridge Connty (which had been set off from Augusta), and then to David Rice at the Transyl- vania Grammar School in Kentucky; he pursued his studies further under the Rev. Archibald Scott of Augusta County. At the age of nineteen he became preceptor of an academy presided over by Henry Patillo, at Williamsburg, Warren County, North Carolina. There he adopted infidel opinions, but shook them off by reading Soame Jenyns. Giving up the study of medicine, he resolved to fit himself for the ministry of the Presbyterian church. During the college year 1790-91, he acted as tutor at Hampden Sidney and was awarded the degree of Batchelor of Arts in April, 1791, on the recom- mendation of Messrs. Scott, Patillo, John Blair Smith, and Drury Lacy. He studied theology under William Graham at Liberty Hall, and under Moses Hoge at Shepherdstown. Re- turning to Kentucky in 1795, he preached at Danville, Lexing- ton and other places, and in 1811 was chaplain to the legis- lature. His salary was small. With his preaching he com- bined the practice of medicine, in order to support his family. Dr. Campbell published a good deal. His ' ' Letters to a Gen- tleman at the Bar" was a criticism of Erasmus Darwin's the- ories. Dr. Campbell died in Kentucky in 1814. President Dwight of Yale, who knew him personally had a high opinion of him as a scholar and divine. Dr. Campbell assumed the name Poage out of affection for his friend, Thomas Poage (class of 1790). Sprague III, 626-629. Green, Historic Families of Kentucky, 50-60. James Jones b. 1772, d. 1848. Son of Major Richard Jones of ' The Poplars,' near what is now Nottoway Court House. After his graduation, James Jones apparently intended to study theology under the Rev. Devereux Jarratt of Dinwiddie County, one of the few evangelicals of the Virginia Episcopal Church at that time. But young Jones took up medicine instead, following Dr. Rush's lectures at Philadelphia, and 88 [1791 then going to Edinburgh, where he made his degree in 1796 (see his Dissert atio Medica Inauguralis de Tetano, Edinburgh, 1796, dedicated to William B. Giles, Dr. George Brown of Baltimore, and Dr. John Patterson of Virginia). Dr. Jones settled in Nottoway County, at a place he called 'Mountain Hall,' on Deep Creek. He was an old time Southern doctor, with a large plantation, very hospitable, and much in politics. He was in the legislature at various intervals from 1804 to 1829, was in Congress a term or two from 1821, was a member of the Privy Council of the State under Governor Tyler. For a while Dr. Jones belonged to the Agnostic Club (of which Wm. B. Giles was a member), that used to meet at Paineville, near Chinquepin Church in Amelia County. Afterwards Dr. Jones was virtually the founder of the Presbyterian church in Nottoway County. He was also a pronounced temperance man, and provided for the manumission of his slaves. Biographical Sketch by Hon. Walter A. Watson, in Kaleido- scope, 1902. John Archer Morton Brother of Major James Morton of Prince Edward County ; born 1772, A. B., Hampden Sidney, 1791 ; one of the organ- izers of the Union Society, 1789; went into business at Bor- deaux, France, where he spent many years; called "French John" by his relatives at home. W. J. Morton, Bordeaux, France, was a student in the prep, school at Hampden Sidney College in 1824. Major James Morton saw some service under Lafayette. It may be that John Morton found his way to France through the good will of the amiable Marquis. John A. Morton, it is said, was United States Consul at Bordeaux, and married the daughter of a governor of the island of Hayti. Statement of William S. Morton of Charlotte County, 1920. Moses Waddel b. 1770, d. 1840. Son of William Waddel, who had left County Down, near Belfast, in 1766 and settled in Rowan 1791] 89 County, North Carolina. At the age of eight, Moses Waddel was entered, despite his father's misgivings, at James Hall's celebrated school, Clio's Nursery, begun in 1778. At this school he continued five or six years, then turned teacher him- self and became a great one long before he died. Teaching near his home in North Carolina, and in Georgia (whither his father had removed), he determined about 1788 to be a min- ister of the gospel. As to where he should complete his edu- cation, he asked the advice of the Rev. John Springer, ot Abbeville District, South Carolina, who had been of the first staff of teachers at Hampden Sidney. Mr. Springer advised him to go to Hampden Sidney College and John Blair Smith. Moses Waddel rode horseback all the way from his home in Green County, Georgia, to Prince Edward County and Hamp- den Sidney College. Being well prepared, he took his degree in less than a year. Dr. Waddel (D. D., Univ. of South Carolina, 1807), was especially a teacher. It is wonderful to read of his personal methods, so different from the method rather conventional now, which made his school "Willington Academy," Abbeville District, S. C, not only famous but, as it were, immortal. Somehow, Dr. Waddel, who was not very learned, taught so that his pupils learned. For ten years after 1819, he was President of the University of Georgia. He then returned to his home at "Willington," South Caro- lina, farmed a large plantation successfully and preached. His brother-in-law, John C. Calhoun, said of him: "He may justly be considered as the father of classical education in the upper country of South Carolina and Georgia." John N. Waddel, ' ' Academic Memorials of Thre? Generations. ' ' Sprague IV, 63-71. Willliam Morton Watkins Extract from the manuscript diary of Richard N. Venable of Prince Edward County :—" Oct. 15, 1791, A. B. Venable set out for Congress, Walter Coles and William Watkins accompanying him to finish their education at Princeton." It was rather the fashion from 1780 to 1800, for graduates 90 [1791 and others, of Hampden Sidney College, to finish their studies at Princeton. Samuel Stanhope Smith had great influence in strengthening the hold of Princeton on the South. Mr. Wat- kins took his Bachelor's degree at Princeton in 1792. Coming back to his home in Charlotte County, he studied law,* but never practiced. He was a representative from Charlotte in the House of Delegates, 1812-1815, and in 1830. He died in 1865, nearly ninety years old. Mr. Watkins was a Trustee of Hampden Sidney College for more than thirty years. John Makemie Wilson b. 1769, d. 1831. His father, John Wilson, an emigrant from England to Philadelphia, was employed at Philadelphia in a mercantile business, but before the Revolution removed to Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, settling near the town of Charlotte ; he died about 1780, a Presbyterian and a Whig. John Wilson's wife was a daughter of George Ma- kemie, a brother-in-law of Andrew Jackson's father. John Makemie Wilson was put to school at Charlotte under Dr. Henderson, and was prepared by him for the senior class at Hampden Sidney College. It is likely that Moses Waddel in- duced young Wilson to go to college with him. After gradu- ating at Hampden Sidney, Wilson studied theology with James Hall of Iredell County, North Carolina, and from 1795 to 1801 followed his work as a minister in Burke County. From 1801 for thirty years to the end of his life, John Ma- kemie Wilson was pastor of Rocky River Church in Cabarrus County, a very large country congregation. For a dozen years after 1812 he kept a classical school in Cabarrus County, sending from it perhaps as many as fifteen students to Hamp- den Sidney College. Dr. Wilson was an able minister and a wise man in his dealings with his congregation. He was cele- *Dr. Foote (I, 502) says that during the years 1789-1815, there was a law school of high standing not far from Hampden Sidney College — and that this law school rather flouted religious matters. Where was the school; in Cumberland, Prince Edward or Charlotte and who was the expounder 1 We guess Dr. Foote meant the Taylor School, active as early as 1807. 1791] 91 brated as a peace maker. He was greatly interested in educa- tion, and was active in the movement for a college in western North Carolina — plans realized by one of his pupils after his death. John Makemie Wilson was a man of brains and piety and common sense. D. D., Univ. of North Carolina, 1829. Foote, North Carolina, 476-488. Sprague IV, 90-94. William Daniel In the later eighteenth century, Daniel was a name fixed locally both in Cumberland County and in Charlotte County. Judge William Daniel, father of Judge William Daniel, and grandfather of Senator John W. Daniel, was born in 1770. It may be that he was a student at Hampden Sidney College in 1791. It is pleasing to register such hereditaments, speak- ing wholly as a layman. Hayden, Virginia Genealogies. David Flournoy (See U. S. Minutes, 1791) It is possible that David Flournoy was a student at Liberty Hall Academy before or after coming to Hampden Sidney. He studied medicine at Edinburgh and practiced in Prince Edward and Charlotte Counties. Dr. David Flournoy, of ' Chantilly,' Prince Edward County, was living in 1829. There was a David Flournoy who died in Prince Edward County in 1826. When St. Patrick's parish was established in 1755, David Flournoy was a church warden. Patrick H. Fontaine Son of Col. John Fontaine and Martha Henry, daughter of Patrick Henry. P. H. Fontaine may have been a physician. He was in the State legislature (House of Delegates), 1811- 92 [1791 1812 ; 1835-1836, from Henry County. At Cornell University there is a manuscript volume, reminiscences of Edward Fon- taine, son of Patrick Fontaine. Jacob Jennings The names Jacob Jennings and Samuel K. Jennings appear on Union Society Minutes for 1791. These are interesting names. It is not likely that Jacob Jennings was a student at Hampden Sidney College and it is not certain that his son Samuel K. Jennings was a student there. Jacob Jennings was born in New Jersey in 1744. At the age of forty, having practiced medicine for some years, he became a minister of the Dutch Reformed Church. Soon after, he settled in Vir- ginia and made his home there several years. His son, Samuel K. Jennings, born about 1774, was also a physician and a minister (of the Methodist Church). He practiced for a time at Lynchburg, and then removed to Baltimore. So, it may be that Dr. Jacob Jennings lived for a while near Hampden Sidney College and was an honorary member of the Union Society ; and it may be that his son Samuel K. was a student at the college. Sprague IV, 549. Kecollections of Lynchburg, p. 209. Francis Jones To be assigned to Amelia County, and likely a near relation of Francis Fitzgerald, clerk of Amelia County, 1805-1852. It is probable that Francis Jones was the father of Francis Fitzgerald Jones, who was the father of the Rev. Thomas Thweatt Jones (1855). James Lyle In Presbyterian annals, Lyle is a name associated especially with Rockbridge County, but there were Lyles around 1800 in Cumberland County and in Chesterfield County. James 1791] 93 Lyle, Jr., died at Manchester in 1806. {Richmond Argus, August, 1806.) James Lyle, until evidence is adduced, is to be assigned to Cumberland County. The Rev. Matthew Lyle of Rockbridge, did not settle in Prince Edward County until 1794. Thomas A. Morton b. 1777, d. 1851. Son of Quin Morton of Prince Edward County. Thomas A. Morton lived in Cumberland County, and was at one time engaged in business at Farmville. John H. Wood Son of Valentine Wood, clerk of Goochland County, who married a sister of Patrick Henry. 1792 John Caldwell John Caldwell of Cub Creek, Lunenburg County (later Charlotte County), who died in the year 1751, was one of the founders of Southside Virginia. He was the foremost man of the celebrated Cub Creek settlement of Scots that is known to have been in Lunenburg County (Brunswick County then), as early as 1738. Moreover, it is supposed that John Cald- well was the mover in bringing to the region the first Buffalo (Prince Edward County) and Hat Creek colonies of Scotch Presbyterians. A great part of these emigrants moved on during the Revolution to the Kentucky country, to Georgia, or to South Carolina. John Caldwell's great-grandson was John C. Calhoun. John Caldwell, writing his will in 1750, prefaced it thus — "In the name of the eternal and almighty God who formed the universe by the word of His power, and governed it by the unerring dictates of His wisdom." John Caldwell's sons were William, John, James, David and Robert. He left them each about five hundred acres of land. We will suppose that John Caldwell, and Allen Caldwell (Hampden Sidney, 1792 and 1790) were his descendants. Whitsett, Life of Judge Caleb Wallace, pp. 6-7. George Calhoun Probably a brother of William Calhoun [c. 1786] ; of Prince Edward County: sons of Adam Calhoun, who died in 1796. Clement R[ead] Jameson Col. Clement Read of Lunenburg (father of Col. Isaac Read), had a daughter who married Captain Jameson of "Annefield," Charlotte County. Therefore it seems likely enough that Clement R. Jameson, a student at Hampden 1792] 95 Sidney College, 1792, was a grandson of Colonel Clement Read. The catalogue of the Union Society assigns Clement Jameson to Alexandria. Statement of William S. Morton, Charlotte County, 1920. George Means Possibly a son of Robert Means of Richmond, who died in 1808. And possibly George Means, 1792, was from Cabarrus County, North Carolina or from South Carolina. William Moseley Moseley was a name well fixed at this time in Powhatan County. William Moseley, Jr., of Powhatan County, died in 1807. Union Society Catalogue assigns William Moseley, 1792, to Charlotte County. General William Moseley of Bed- ford County was active around 1816. In 1803, William Mose- ley, of Richmond, a member of the Society of the Cincinnati of Virginia, voted for Hampden Sidney College, as against Washington Academy (Washington and Lee), when the So- ciety was making choice of an institution of learning to receive its funds. The vote stood eighteen for Washington Academy, and sixteen for Hampden Sidney. Hampden Sidne}^ College must still be grateful to its friends of the Cincinnati, 1803, viz. : 1. William Bentley Powhatan 2. William Moseley Richmond 3. Marks Vandewall Richmond 4. George Carrington Halifax 5. Clement Carrington Charlotte 6. John Scott Halifax 7. Charles Scott _ _ Kentucky 8. John Harris Powhatan 9. Jordan Harris Powhatan 10. Willis Wilson Cumberland 11. John Crute _ _ Prince Edward 12. Matt. Clay _ Pittsylvania 13. William B. Wallace Stafford 14. Larkin Smith , King and Queen 15. Samuel Coleman _ Richmond 16. Mr. Trabue Chesterfield 96 [1792 Charles Price Probably the son of Charles Price [1757-1790] and grand- son of Pugh Price [1690-1775], of Prince Edward County, [see " John Price and Some of His Descendants," p. 15.] 1703 George Moore Probably a son of Joseph Moore of Lunenburg County or Prince Edward County, Trustee of Hampden Sidney College, 1790-1792. In April, 1793, George Moore lodged complaint with the Board of Trustees against James Hervey Rice, "one of the teachers at college, for exercising over him unreason- able authority, and beating him without cause." The Board, as Boards must, decided that George Moore was quite blame- able, and that Mr. Rice had been imprudent. James Hervey Rice James H. Rice was at Hampden Sidney College as early as 1791 (Union Society Minutes). In 1793 he was a tutor, mildly reprimanded by the Board that year for underrating by overswitching a grammar school boy. James Hervey Rice was a son of the Rev. David Rice, was himself a minister, and seems early to have gone out to Kentucky where he ended his days it is to be supposed. In 1818, the Rev. Joseph C. Har- rison of Kentucky married his daughter. Brown, Cabells, p. 519. Anderson Wade His name was proposed for membership in the Union So- ciety, March, 1793, and it is not impossible he was a student at the college. The family of Wade has been settled in the territory of Prince Edward County since about the year 1740. In 1825 Anderson Wade of Prince Edward County entered Hampden Sidney College. He was a student at the college two years, going to the University of Pennsylvania where he graduated in medicine in 1831. Dr. Wade became a minister of the Episcopal Church, was in charge of Westover parish a good many years, and was for awhile, about 1853, Rector of the Monumental Church at Richmond. 1794 Nathaniel Venable Son of Nathaniel Venable, of Prince Edward County, one of the founders of Hampden Sidney College. Nathaniel Ven- able, A. B., 1794, graduated at Princeton, Master of Arts, in 1796, and died in 1801. He had begun practice as a lawyer. It is a fact worthy of record that the six sons of Nathaniel Venable, the elder, were doubtless all of them students either at the academy or the college of Hampden Sidney. The dates of birth of these six sons, as set down in a Bible, are : Samuel W. Venable, 1756. Abraham B. Venable, 1758. Eichard N. Venable, January 16, 1763. Nathaniel Venable, February 13, 1776; died August 23, 1801. William L. Venable, March, 1780. Thomas Venable, November 17, 1782. Daniel Dodson Daniel Dodson of Petersburg, banker, died in 1879, aetat. 55. It is probable that he was the son of Daniel Dodson, a student at Hampden Sidney College in 1794, who may have come from Prince Edward County. In 1792, Archibald Alexander stayed with a Mr. Dodson at Petersburg (Life of Alexander, 143-145). Dr. Alexander did not take pains to make notes for an alumni catalogue of Hampden Sidney. Dr. Richard Mcllwaine, it seems, took the pains, and then something took his notes. Dr. Mcllwaine mentions in his Reminiscences (p. 113) that in 1858 when he was preaching in Amelia County he met an old gentleman who had been a pupil of Dr. Alexander's at Hampden Sidney, and had also been a member of the Paineville club, not a pious club. In the circumstances, Dr. Mcllwaine could not well make a note for his alumni catalogue. The anecdote, an affecting one, is worth reading, as showing how a man's works do follow him. 1796 Hugh Dickson Graduated at Hampden Sidney College in 1796. "Those ministers with whom Dr. Waddel loved to interchange fra- ternal visitations were such men as Dr. Barr of upper Long Cane Church, Rev. Hugh Dickson, etc." (Life of Moses Waddel, p. 125 in Academic Memorials, by John N. Waddel.) At the death of Mr. Dickson, his Presbvterv drew ud reso- lutions commemorative of his work as a man and as a minister of the church. At the end these words appear : "and in token of our respect for his character, this Presbytery leave a blank page in the book of its records, on which his name, date of birth, age, and length of pastorate and ministerial life shall be written." That page shows this writing: — In memory of Rev. Hugh Dickson, who was horn Octo- ber 15, 1772, was licensed to preach the gospel, A. D. t 1800, ordained and installed pastor of Greenville Church, Abbeville District, South Carolina, November 11, 1801. Resigned said charge, A. D. f 1846. Departed this life July 9, 1853. William McWhorter, Chairman* Howe, Presbyterian Church in South Carolina, II, 750-753. Mr. Dickson had supplied Dr. Howe with many historical facts. James Aiken James Aiken, a member of the Union Society in 1795, was tutor in the college for perhaps a year after the fall of 1798. It is pretty certain that he was from Cumberland County. *It is curious that this memorial has gone unnoticed locally for so long a time until the grandson (Dr. A. W. McWhorter) of the author has become a member of the faculty at Hampden Sidney College. 100 [1796 James Aiken of that county died in 1776. James Aiken was living in Cumberland in 1811 and James M. Aiken died there in 1831. Thomas Williamson Thomas Williamson, M. D., came under the direction of a Presbytery in South Carolina in 1802 and in 1804 was an ordained minister in South Carolina. It is possible he was a brother of William Williamson, that both were students at Hampden Sidney College and that both spent their last years in Ohio. Thomas S. Williamson was minister at Frankford, Ohio, in 1836, and William Williamson was at Manchester. Were these brothers of Samuel Williamson, President of Davidson College? Howe, Presbyterian Church in South Carolina. Minutes of General Assembly, Presbyterian Church, 1836. Joseph Carrington Cabell Feb. 12, 1796, Joseph C. Cabell was admitted a member of the Union Society. He seems to have been the last member enrolled under the first organization in 1789. After 1796 the Union Society was inactive for a few years, symptom of the uncertain state of the College. Joseph C. Cabell, brother of William H. Cabell, and of Nicholas Cabell, Jr., was born in 1778; was educated by tutors at home, at Hampden Sidney College (1795-96), and at William and Mary, where he took his batchelor's degree. He spent about four years in Europe 1802-1806; then was mar- ried and settled in Nelson County. He was a member of the State legislature, either in the House of Delegates or the Senate, for about thirty years beginning in 1808. Mr. Cabell was Thomas Jefferson's chief coadjutor in the founding of the University of Virginia. He was on the Board of Visitors of the University from its foundation in 1819 until his death, and was Rector of the Board for about thirteen years. Much of his time from 1835 was given to the affairs of the James 1796] 101 River and Kanawha Canal. He was the first president of that canal company and his interest in it only ended with his life. Joseph C. Cabell was a public man who worked for solid things — "one with Mr. Jefferson in founding the university, a pioneer in the State improvements, a gentleman, a scholar, a devoted patriot and Virginian, a venerable good man," so Governor Wise described him, on announcing his death, Feb- ruary, 1856. Brown, Cabells, etc., pp. 263-266. William Cole William Cole of Charles City County bought land near North Garden, in Albemarle County, and died there in 1802 [Woods, History of Albemarle County] . He had a son named William. Dr. Woods says that the sons of William Cole, the elder, never lived in Albemarle, their father having left them a large estate below Eichmond. William Cole, a mem- ber of the Union Society in 1796, is assigned in the catalogue of that society to Lunenburg County. In 1800-1801 James D. Cole was a member of the Union Society. Guess work is some work, at least. For example, James Cole of Char- lotte County, died 1782. Jacob Morton Major Jacob Morton of Charlotte County, a Trustee of Hampden Sidney College, had a son named Jacob, born in 1779 and died in 1798 : it is likely that this was the Jacob Morton, who was a student at Hampden Sidney College in 1795. Statement of William S. Morton, Charlotte County, 1920. Henry E. Watkins When John Blair Smith left Hampden Sidney, he came near taking the college with him. Certainly the college began its twenty-first year very dismally. Nor student nor 102 [1796 professor of the first twenty years was present to open the session ; the only freshman was a grammar school boy, 'who for several days cut prayers and recitations with impunity. Then appeared [October, 1796] a young, tall, bony, serious, earnest and yet genial looking tutor who called this young gentleman to account, put his name on the "roll," assigned him his lessons and thus restored the routine of college life. And so for several weeks did the late Capt. Henry E. Wat- kins, as student, and John Holt Rice, as tutor, sustain the organic life of the institution. How that new student was greened, who smoked him, who dragged him by a cord tied to his toe, or who played tricks upon that tutor and escaped detection under cover of mere numbers, are intricate and profoundly interesting questions.' [See Hampden Sidney Magazine, March, 1859, ' ' Memorabilia, ' ' by Professor Charles Martin.] Henry E. Watkins, [b. 1782, d. 1856] was the son of Fran- cis Watkins, clerk of Prince Edward Court, and a member from its organization of the Board of Trustees of Hampden Sidney College. Francis Watkins was an excellent man of business and accumulated a large estate. Henry E. Wat- kins, his son, after some schooling at Hampden Sidney, was for a while at Washington Academy, Lexington ; graduated at Princeton in 1801, and seems to have studied law at William and Mary. He made the circle of the sciences, and went around from college to college. Settling at home, he began to give instruction in the law. It is on record that he taught the rudiments to more than one distinguished lawyer. By 1812 Mr. Watkins was in the legislature, and from 1819 to 1835 he was often in the legislature, towards the end of that period a member of the State Senate. In 1815 he was in command of a Prince Edward troop that was out on skirmish duty as far as Bottom's Bridge in the low country. In 1818 Mr. Watkins was one of the commissioners to choose a site for the proposed University of Virginia. For about forty years Henry E. Watkins was a member of the Board of Trustees of Hampden Sidney College, and was 1796] 103 active in behalf of the college. He was a man of leisure, of high character, interested in the advancement of letters and science. It is a fact worth noting that hardly ever has Hampden Sidney College been without a representative of this family of Watkins on its Board of Trustees. 1799 Archibald Alexander Very little can be said about Archibald Alexander's time at Hampden Sidney, because his biographer has chosen to hurry over that period, except for a long digression showing how Dr. Alexander did not become a Baptist at Hampden Sidney. This is to be regretted. Dr. Alexander rendered Hampden Sidney College very positive service, and yet the idea seems to have been held that he did not — was restless to get away while he was there, and gave up his work there when it was going wrong. Any such opinion must be cor-, rected. Dr. Alexander knew his own mind (which was one of continual growth), and after trying his hand at running a college a few years, reached the conclusion that he might keep on in that business as long as he pleased, but had better do something else and somewhere else. Archibald Alexander (1772-1851), son of William Alexan- der of Rockbridge County, (whose father, Archibald Alex- ander had come from the north of Ireland, near London- derry), grew up on the frontier during the Revolution. Wil- liam Alexander was a merchant, and landholder of course, in rather close touch with Baltimore and Philadelphia. It is an interesting subject of contemplation, how the back country of Virginia and North Carolina was settled from the neigh- borhood of Philadelphia and looked to Philadelphia for almost everything for many years. The Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence was very much a Philadelphia document. Archibald Alexander came of a strong minded race, accus- tomed to books, and well able to handle the hard facts of life. As it happened, he was a Philadelphian from the first, and after some thirty years got home, won home, as it is put. His very active life before 1812 was but his apprenticeship for his life of reflection and authorship after 1812. Fortu- ARCHIBALD ALEXANDER 1799] 105 nately, Hampden Sidney College, at a dangerous stage of decay, got a few years of Archibald Alexander's time. The college had not bred up (nor did it for years) its own managers. Those who had been in charge, for one reason or another, had become entangled. The place was suffering badly for want of a programme. Lacking this, the force of the Revolution was working quite against it. There must be new hands in the business, persons free from objection, not organs in the recent neighborhood discontents. Archibald Alexander, already a preacher of mark; an evangelical, but well grounded in the schools ; a young man of open counten- ance and engaging manners; known throughout Southside Virginia for his missionary zeal — Mr. Alexander was an ex- cellent choice for the head of Hampden Sidney College in 1796. That year Philadelphia made its first attempt to draw him thither. He would not go as yet, but settled down, with his group of Liberty Hall coadjutors, to the tough business of reviving and maintaining a college in Southside Virginia, in despite of the Revolution. Alexander, Rice and Speece, who took hold of Hampden Sidney College as the eighteenth century was going out, were pupils of William Graham at Liberty Hall. They were metaphysicians like their master, and all the better teachers for it. But with regard to the rehabilitation of the college, the main thing was that Alexan- der and Rice were willing to do hard work directly for the up- building of the school, in plant and method. After four years they could see some results. Then Mr. Alexander resigned and took a year off. He went away to get married and to look over the middle States and New England. He came back in 1802, interested his Board in securing a better philosophical apparatus, a better library and a house for both — with a post and rail fence around the collegium. Then, in 1806, students becoming rather numerous and rather obstreperous, Mr. Alex- ander thought it time for him to be getting on to Philadelphia. Leaving Philadelphia in 1812 (Pine Street Church), he went a little way to Princeton and there stayed, living his real life which was that of a christian philosopher and author. 106 [1799 Of Dr. Alexander's life at Hampden Sidney, the extract given below is about all that is to be found in the biography written by his son : — ' ' On going to Hampden Sidney he had possession of the president's house, but usually took his meals at the common table. At no time of his life did he feel more keenly the stimulus to application, and he declared in later years that whatever accuracy he possessed in classical and scientific knowledge was acquired during this period, under the spur of necessity. He began by insisting on the utmost exactness, and took pleasure in drilling the young men in those rudiments which they had neglected. The number in- creased rapidly, but there were no regular classes, and very few took a complete course. Mr. Alexander was earnestly engaged, even beyond his strength, in accumulating and sys- tematizing stores of knowledge; and in conscientiously en- deavoring to lift up an institution which had sunk almost to the lowest point. Though he had under his care many promis- ing and interesting pupils, he never felt himself completely at home at the head of a college. His work as a preacher was what pleased him most, during these years, and the cordial intimacies of a cultured and Christian people, who have been and still are noted, even among Virginians, for the warmth of their attachments and the largeness of their hospitality .' ' Life of Archibald Alexander, by James W. Alexander. New York [Scribner] 1854, p. 200. Van Eensselaer's Presbyterian Magazine, II, 25-34. Conrad Speece b. 1776, d. 1836. Son of Conrad Speece of Bedford County, who was the son of Conrad Spiess of Mannheim in Baden. The mother of Conrad Speece of the notice was Anne Cath- erine Tournay of Zweibrucken or Deux-Ponts. The boy grew up on a farm near New London. His parents had not much wealth nor book-learning. They were willing to send their son to school, being assured that his intellects were good. At New London Academy, confronted with the Latin gram- mar, Conrad Speece said he did not understand what it was 1799] 107 about and would rather learn something else. His progress at school was extraordinarily rapid. He next followed studies at Liberty Hall, made up his mind to be a minister, and took his theology under Rector Graham. He fell into speculations on the subject of baptism and coming to Hampden Sidney as tutor the spring of 1799 (he had filled the same office at Liberty Hall for three years), he very soon after was im- mersed by a Baptist clergyman. President Alexander, Speece's very good friend, came near being a Baptist him- self but managed to argue both himself and Speece out of the tendency. Conrad Speece gave up his tutorship the fall of 1801, and became a home missionary in eastern Virginia. From 1803 to 1812 he was in charge of churches in Maryland ; in Goochland, Fluvanna, Powhatan and Cumberland Coun- ties, Virginia. From 1812 until his death, he was pastor of Augusta church. Dr. Speece [D. D., Princeton, 1820], was a remarkable man. He was tall, large, and lubberly, of the German stock of frugal farmers, and retained some spice of that native sap. His intellect was clear, methodical and pre- cise. He was a man of great fluency and propriety of speech ; in conversation excellent, full of a droll humor. He wrote much, but was better as a talker than as a writer. He was a bachelor. "Father Mitchell (James Mitchell, q. v.) used to say that if tobacco was a poison, it was a slow one for he had chewed it for seventy years. But Dr. Speece being only three times as large as Father Mitchell, consumed at least six times as much in twenty-four hours. He literally slept with his cheek full of it.' Sprague IV, 284-289. Robert Dobbins It is possible that Robert Dobbins was a nephew of Fr. Moses Waddel. For some time Dr. Waddel's Willington School (under his general superintendence) was managed by his nephew, Moses Waddel Dobbins [Academic Memorials, p. 69] ; and it is possible that Robert Dobbins went out to 108 [1799 Ohio as a minister. About 1806, Mr. Dobbins, a licentiate from the Synod of the Carolinas — "from South Carolina" — was preaching near Chillicothe, Ohio. In 1836 Robert B. Dobbins was a missionary in Illinois, at Knoxville. Sprague IV, 125. Minutes, Gen. Assembly, 1836. John Miller Tyler, in his Life of Patrick Henry [American Statesmen] , p. 371, says: — "So widespread was the desire to hear Mr. Henry, that even the college in the next county — the college of Hampden Sidney — suspended its work for the day, and thus enabled all its members, the president himself, the pro- fessors and the students to hurry over to Charlotte Court- house [March court, 1799]. One of those students, John Miller of South Carolina, according to an account said to have been given by him forty years afterwards, having with his companions reached the village, and having learned that Mr. Henry would speak in the porch of a tavern fronting the large court green, pushed his way through the gathering crowd, and secured the pedestal of a pillar where he stood within eight feet of him." By the account, Mr. Henry seemed very infirm (he was only sixty-three years old), began his speech with difficulty, but soon warmed up. This was Patrick Hen- ry's last speech — when the boy, John Randolph, was put up to answer him. Mr. Tyler got this story from the Fontaine manuscript at Cornell, pretty good evidence. If John Miller "of South Carolina" was a student at Hampden Sidney College in 1799, he may have come with Dobbins and Montgomery. Many years ago, i ' before the war, ' ' somebody said, ' If So-and-So had been a Southern "Whig or Democrat, instead of a New Englander, he would have been written up long since.' We can hardly imagine now that any such remark was ever made. But close investigation of our books printed around 1850 will show something of what this New Eng- land protestant had in mind. For instance, Judge Nathan Crosby's excellent " Annual Obituary Notices," Boston, 1859, contains a sketch of John Miller of Cumberland, who died in 1858, aet. 73 — "There was nothing contracted, nothing little or low about him. He was a Virginia 1799] 109 gentleman in a lofty sense of that term. But his chief excellence was his sincere Christian piety. ' ' Mr. Miller, by Judge Crosby 's account, had been a student at Princeton, had studied law, but being a man of ample fortune had employed himself in plantation affairs. It seems likely enough that this was the John Miller of Moses Coit Tyler 's story : he would have been about fifteen years old in 1799. In 1821 this same John Miller, we will guess, was of the Board's committee to govern Hampden Sidney ad interim. It is ludicrous, not to say tragical, how we have let go of our records in the community. Granted that a war may be righteous, inevitably in the process gold disappears with the dross. Nicholas Cabell, Jr. b. 1780, d. 1809. Son of Colonel Nicholas Cabell of Nelson County; educated by tutors at home, at Hampden Sidney College in 1798 and 1799, and at William and Mary in 1800 and 1801. 'Gov. Wm. H. Cabell thought that he had natur- ally the best mind of any of the brotherhood.' While he was at Hampden Sidney, Dr. Archibald Alexander was president and took a great interest in him. Leaving college he took charge of his father 's private affairs, which during his father 's long public life had become somewhat embarrassed. His strict business habits, and his practical progressive system of agriculture soon enabled him to clear the estate of every en- cumbrance. He inherited this estate — the 'Liberty Hall' part — in 1803. His health was already beginning to fail and he died young. He had married a Presbyterian and became a Presbyterian. His only son, Nathaniel Francis Cabell, a remarkable man, spent much time over family history and that is one reason why such full notices can be given of mem- bers of this family who were students at Hampden Sidney College. Brown, Cabells, p. 267. Griffin Lumpkin This name appears on Board Minutes, April 1799. From 1805 to 1807, Griffin Lumpkin of Nottoway County, was a member of the House of Delegates. 110 [1799 William Lewis Venable b. 1780, d. about 1824. Son of Nathaniel Venable of Prince Edward County. From 1807 to 1823, William L. Venable was a Trustee of Hampden Sidney College and an active Trustee. He was a merchant and lived at a place called "Haymarket" in Prince Edward County, to the east of Farmville. The college has a photograph of a portrait of Mr. Venable, show- ing him to have been a man of fine countenance. Benjamin R. Montgomery "Was born in Abbeville District, South Carolina about the year 1782. His academic education was conducted solely by his mother; and I am informed that she prepared him for admission to Hampden Sidney College, where he was received in 1799. He entered the ministry of the Presbyterian Church in 1803. I know not the field of his ministerial labors before his call to the Presbyterian Church in Camden, 1809. Noth- ing but the importance of uniting the pastoral relation of the young and feeble church at Columbia with the Professor's chair in college could have induced him to leave Camden. At a meeting of the Trustees of South Carolina College in November, 1811, he was elected Professor of Moral Philosophy and Logic, and in November, 1818, resigned the office. Dr. Montgomery was an officer in the college for seven years and never was it the lot of one to pass through a more stormy period. He is commended by the Trustees for the manner in which he discharged his duties. I am assured by distin- guished graduates of that day that he was ' a good professor. ' I am not aware that he published anything. He died at Key West, August 27th, 1823." Maximilian Laborde, "History of South Carolina College," (Univ. of South Carolina), p. 86. Appended is Montgomery's Valedictory Address, spoken September 26, 1799. This graceful composition seems to have been the work of Tutor Speece, who was a natural born author. A few years later Mr. 1799] 111 Speece, using his pen name of Philander, addressed a letter to himself as Editor of the Virgimia Religious Magazine, published at Lexington, (see Vol. II, year 1806, p. 284), in which letter he was politely explana- tory. Mr. Speece said to "the Editors" — Gentlemen, looking over my papers, I found the following address, composed for and delivered by a young gentleman of South Carolina several years ago at his leaving the College of Hampden Sidney. Its object is to inculcate good morals and a diligent pursuit of useful knowl- edge. Should you think it deserving, please to give it a place in the Magazine. Hear the address: — The days of my academical studies are completed. The period is arrived when I must bid a final adieu to friends whom I love, and to scenes, the remembrance of which will never be erased from my mind. The task is painful, but it must be attempted; and I request the indul- gence of my audience while I address myself more particularly to those with whom I have been so lately and so intimately connected. My Dear Fellow Students, The bonds which have united us are now about to be dissolved; the curtain is now to be dropped which will separate us, perhaps forever. Permit me on this interesting occasion to leave with you a few reflect- ions, the truth and importance of which are deeply impressed on my own mind. Accept this last proof of attachment, the greatest of which I am capable. To the President Honoured and Dear Sir, When I am about to leave this place, no longer to enjoy the benefit of your instructions, it is a pleasing duty to express in this publick manner my grateful sense of the many obligations you have conferred upon me. Your mildness and condescension in the execution of the duties of your office, as President of this institution, your unwearied attention to the improvement of the students here in knowledge and good morals, merit the highest affection and respect from them and from the publick. The wise and the virtuous will not withhold the tribute so justly due. But I will spare your sensibility the pain of a particular detail on this subject. The approbation of your own heart is infinitely more pleasing to you than the highest praise of others, though most deservedly be- stowed. With the warmest wishes that you may continue to enjoy the blessings of health and repose, and that you may be eminently useful in the work, so delightful to yourself and so important to mankind, of train- ing up youth in the way in which they should go, I bid you, honored and dear sir, adieu. To the Trustees Permit me, gentlemen, on this occasion to congratulate you as trustees of Hampden Sidney, on the flourishing state of this seminary under your care. Your diligent attention to the duties attached to your office does not fail to attract the notice, and gain you the approbation of your fellow citizens. Convinced that the diffusion of knowledge is essentially connected with the welfare of your country, these are the objects of your 112 [1799 benevolent efforts. The intelligent and the good appreciate their merit. Their gratitude and best wishes attend you. Go on, gentlemen, in your patriotiek labours ; and may they continue to be crowned by an indulgent Providence with abundant success. To the Tutors At my removal from this seminary the tutors have a just claim to my acknowledgements; and I shall be inexcusable were I to pass them by in silence. You do not, gentlemen, expect from me the strains of panegy- rick. Give me leave simply to observe, that your faithful performance of the duties of your station does you honour ; and that by your manner of doing it you justly possess the attachment as well as the respect of the students. I know you have the promotion of useful learning much at heart ; and it cannot but afford you much satisfaction to see the work of your hands prosper. With all the, respect of the pupil and the affec- tion of the friend, I bid you farewell. Conclusion But lest I should put the patience of my audience to too great a trial, I hasten to a conclusion. Farewell then to this beloved retreat, the seat of science, and of peace; where, amidst the pleasures of literary exer- cises, and the intercourse of friendship, I have spent so many days. Farewell to this respectable collection of ladies and gentlemen, who have so repeatedly honoured us with their presence, and animated us by the smiles of their approbation. And lastly, with the sincerest interest for your success in your studies, and your general prosperity through life, I bid you, my dear fellow students, most cordially farewell. Jl5tneteentl) Century Vestigia Nulla ReZrorsum— Hampden 1800 Edward Booker December 3rd, 1800, Edward Booker, John Moore, and Ebenezer Cummins were the reorganizes of the Union So- ciety, lapsed since June, 1796. The Union Society Catalogue assigns Edward Booker to Prince Edward County. At this time the family of Booker was numerous in this region, being especially strong in Amelia County. Edward Booker of Cum- berland County died in 1801. Edward Booker of Prince Ed- ward County was in the House of Delegates 1813-1820, and this was doubtless the Edward Booker of 1800, reviver of the Union Society. In 1834 Edward Booker of Prince Edward is on record as a very pronounced Whig. William Booker, who represented Prince Edward County in the Convention of 1776, had a son John who, it is very likely was a student at Hampden Sidney. William Booker was one of the first trustees of Hampden Sidney. The late Dr. William D. Booker of Baltimore (class of '63) was a grandson of John Booker. Edwin Edmunds Of Brunswick County. Mr. Edmunds died young, in 1807, leaving one son, Edwin Edmunds of ' Rotherwood,' Prince Edward County, who died in 1877 at the age of seventy. Thomas Harding Ellis Son of Major Josiah Ellis of "Red Hill," Amherst County, and elder brother of Powhatan Ellis. Colonel Thomas H. Ellis of Richmond (University of Virginia, 1833), who was 1800] 115 chiefly instrumental in securing for the University the paint- ing, "School of Athens/' was a son of Thomas H. Ellis of the notice. Meade II. 460-462. Southern Literary Messenger, April 1863, 241ff. Alumni Bulletin of the Univ. of Va. II, 90, 103. Patrick Henry Patrick Henry, a member of the Union Society at its reor- ganization in 1800-1801, was a son of Patrick Henry by his second marriage ; born 1783, died 1804. Patrick Henry, Jr., married Elvira Cabell, who died in 1858, "one of the best and best known women that Virginia has produced. ' ' Her second husband was James Bruce of Halifax County. Thomas A. Holcombe b. 1785, d. 1843. Son of Philemon Holcombe of Prince Edward County. After leaving Hampden Sidney College he studied law and settled in Georgia. A severe illness sent him home to Lynchburg. He then conducted a classical school for a few years. Returning to the law, he practiced that pro- fession until conscientious scruples caused him to abandon it. He became a Presbyterian and a notable church worker. For a few years he was Marshal of the Chancery Court, but the business of his latter years was that of a merchant. Captain Holcombe died suddenly, an hour after returning to his home, in excellent spirits, from a business trip. "His temperament oeing most ardent and his mind active and energetic, Captain Holcombe carried with him through life these distinguishing traits, infusing them into all of his undertakings. ' ' His relig- ious convictions were thorough and of a practical sort. ' ' Cap- tain Holcombe may properly be denominated the father of Temperance in Virginia — he formed a Temperance society at Lynchburg, made public speeches ,distributed tracts and trav- eled thousands of miles preaching those wholesome doctrines. Zealous also in the prosecution of his secular employments, 116 [1800 prompt in thought, liberal in his household, ever holding in view the service and glory of God," Captain Holcombe was a most useful and a most charitable man. Sketches and Eecollections of Lynchburg, 247-253. Samuel Lockett Samuel Lockett of Mecklenburg County, was a member of the Union Society at its reorganization in 1800-1801. Thomas Lockett, possibly his brother, is listed at this time in the Union Society Catalogue. Samuel Lockett of 1800 was no doubt Col. Samuel L. Lockett of Mecklenburg (House of Delegates, 1826-1828) who married a daughter of Francis Watkins, clerk of Prince Edward court, and a charter Trustee of Hampden Sidney College. Samuel L. Lockett died in 1847. Edward Mayo b. 1782, d. 1847. It is supposed that Edward Mayo was a son of Joseph Mayo of Fine Creek Mills, Powhatan County, son of Major William Mayo, the emigrant. There was an Edward Mayo, member of the American Whig Society at Princeton in 1808. In 1801 Edward Mayo was a member of the Union Society at Hampden Sidney. His brother Eobert Mayo is not listed in any Hampden Sidney Catalogue. But it is stated (Nat. Cyclopaedia of American Biography, X, 284) that Eobert Mayo "studied at Hampden Sidney College and was graduated at William and Mary College in 1803." Robert Mayo graduated M. D. at the University of Penn- sylvania in 1808. He settled at Richmond, and after some years of practice gave up medicine for journalism. In 1830 Dr. Mayo removed to Washington, where later he had a place in the Treasury Department. He was the author of many books — "An Epitome of Ancient Geography amd History," 1815; "A New System of Mythology," 4 vols., Philadelphia, 1839; "Political Sketches of Eight Years in Washington," 1839; "Synopsis of the Commercial and Revenue System of 1800] 117 the United States/' 2 vols., 1847, etc. Dr. Mayo was born in 1784 and died in 1864. His "Political Sketches of Eight Years in Washington," is a remarkable book, an indictment of General Jackson's Mexican policy. Dr. Mayo had come to Washington as a Jackson man. He had difficulties in the government service, and came out as an independent Whig. John Moore John Moore, assigned to Lunenburg County in Union So- ciety Catalogue, was in 1800 one of the three reorganizes of the Union Society. John Yelverton Tabb Son of John Tabb of Amelia County, one of the Trustees of Hampden Sidney Academy. John Y. Tabb was the grand- father of John Banister Tabb, the poet, called "Father Tabb." John Y. Tabb, after studying at Hampden Sidney College, was at William and Mary, 1803. William and Mary College Quarteily, XIII, 126. 1801 Claiborne Barksdale Son of Col. Claiborne Barksdale of Charlotte County. Born 1783. Merchant and farmer. Died in 1838, near Clarkton, Halifax County. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. 'Robert Rives was born in 1764 in Sussex County. He joined the army in 1781 and served as a private at Yorktown. After the war he entered the store of Colonel Richard Baker at South Quay. The late Hon. Sterling Claiborne of Amherst used to say that this was against his mother's wishes, but her old friend and legal adviser, Col. Augustine Claiborne, told her to let him alone. In the course of a few years he entered the store of Blow and Barksdale at Charlotte Courthouse. Here he is said to have worked very faithfully and energeti- cally, laying the foundation of his commercial education. In 1790 Donald & Burton of London, chose him for their factor in the buying up of country tobacco.' Brown, p. 220. William H. Barr b. 1778, d. 1843. Son of James Barr of Iredell County, North Carolina, who was killed by the falling of a tree when William Barr was very young. Prepared for college at James Hall's 'Clio's Nursery,' near his home, William Barr entered Hampden Sidney College at a favorable time, when the insti- tution was being revived by Alexander. He studied theology under Dr. James Hall, and for more than thirty years was pastor of Upper Long Cane Church, Abbeville District, South Carolina. Dr. Barr (D. D., University of Georgia, 1824) was a minister of power and of idiosyncracies. He discouraged 'revivals,' building up his church steadily without them. He 1801] 119 did not believe in Sunday Schools as such schools were often in the old times, that is, schools kept on Sunday for the literary instruction of children. He visited very little in his large congregation, his farm occupying much of his time. His pronunciation was very old fashioned. But what he said was important and went a long way. Sprague IV, 384-387. Dr. Howe (Presbyterian Church in South Carolina, II, 735-741) gives a full account of Dr. Barr, material drawn from the reminiscences of Chancellor Bowie of Alabama. By that account it is clear that Dr. Barr was an extraordinary preacher, and remarkable for the force of his character gener- ally. Judge Bowie remembered that his pronunciation was rather antiquated (merely adding power to his remarks), that he was somewhat dreadful in his opposition to dancing and that he took little interest in the Sunday School, much pre- ferring the old-fashioned catechisings around the congrega- tion. William Barr was born in Rowan County, North Carolina, in the year 1778. He was the son of James Barr who had removed from Iredell, somewhat to the north. His mother was a sister of the famous Dr. McCorkle, of that region, preacher and teacher and man of great wisdom. Judge Bowie records that William Barr's diploma bore the date, " April, 1801/' The 'middle name' was coming into vogue then. There is a tradition that students at Hampden Sidney at that time liked to choose either Hampden or Sidney as a middle name. Just the other day a descendant of William Crawford (c. 1805), said that after leaving Hampden Sidney his name was William Sidney Crawford. Certainly, Dr. Barr was christened plain William, and took the name Hampden. Ebenezer Cummins Son of Francis Cummins, D. D., of South Carolina and Georgia, whose parents had emigrated from County Tyrone and County Down, north of Ireland. In 1802 Ebenezer Cum- 120 [1801 mins seems to have been settled as a minister in Abbeville District, South Carolina. In June of that year he was present at a ' great meeting held in the District of Spartanburg, South Carolina,' which he described in a letter printed at p. 404ff, Foote's "Sketches of North Carolina." There attended at this meeting thirteen Presbyterian preachers — among them Messrs. Williamson and Dixon (no doubt William Williamson and Hugh Dickson). Ebenezer Cummins 's father, Dr. Fran- cis Cummins, was a remarkable man, as teacher and preacher ; 'many of the most distinguished men of South Carolina and Georgia were his pupils. Of his children the first married a native of Delaware, the second a native of Maryland, the third a native of South Carolina, the fourth a native of North Caro- lina, the fifth a native of Pennsylvania, sixth, Massachusetts, seventh, Virginia, eighth, Connecticut.' Sprague III, 418-420. John Daugherty Elected a member of the Union Society in 1801, John Daugherty "never appeared in Society." [Union Society Minutes.] Why so? Was this choice, negligence, untoward circumstance, or what? Who and whence was John Daugh- erty? The record sayeth not. Samuel Hobson Probably a son of Samuel Hobson of Powhatan County, who died in 1808. Union Society Catalogue assigns Samuel Hobson to Cumberland County. In 1834 Samuel Hobson of Stony Point Mills, Cumberland County, was writing to the Farmers' Register (vol. II, p. 536). William S. Morton Son of Major James Morton of Prince Edward County, Trustee of Hampden Sidney College. William S. Morton was a member of the Union Society in 1801. Having studied for awhile under Dr. Goodridge Wilson of Prince Edward, he 1801] 121 graduated in medicine at the University of Pennsylvania in 1812. Dr. Morton's home was in Prince Edward County for many years. Some time before his death in 1865 he had settled at a place on the Appomattox river in Cumberland County, called "High Hill." The late Dr. J. D. Eggleston of Prince Edward County began the study of medicine with Dr. Morton at that place. William S. Morton was interested in the material development of the country in which he lived. He was a trifle pessimistic about the way agriculture was going on in the region toward 1850. See his articles in Farmers' Register and his reports to the Agricultural Bureau of the Patent Office. But it is not every physician who can run a farm as it ought to be run. 'High Hill' is now a first- rate investment. Dr. Morton was one of the organizers of the Mineralogical Society of Virginia, a project broached in 1836 at Prince Edward Court House. The Society's chemist was John W. Draper who by this agency was brought to Hamp- den Sidney College [See Farmers' Register IV, 315ff.] Dr. Morton was a Trustee of Hampden Sidney College for about forty years. John T. Nash A member of the Union Society in 1801 , the name also appearing on minutes of that Society in 1802. Union Society catalogue lists 'Dr. Nash of Prince Edward County' in 1812. He was doubtless at that time an honorary member. Colonel John Nash, Jr., who died about 1802, had been from 1775 a Trustee of Hampden Sidney Academy and College. John Holcombe Overstreet John H. Overstreet, listed as a student in 1801, was Major Overstreet of the neighborhood. He was a member of the Union Society in 1801. Major Overstreet died in 1815. John Sims Member of the Union Society in 1801. John Sims of Char- lotte County died in 1804. 122 [1801 Robert F. N. Smith Member of the Union Society in 1801. Very likely a son of John Blair Smith; full name perhaps Robert Francis Nash Smith. John Blair Smith died in 1799. His son Robert graduated at Princeton in 1800 ; and it may be guessed spent some time after the fall of 1800 at the home of his grand- father, Mr. John Nash of Prince Edward County. He was for at least a year an active member of the Union Society. Robert F. Smith became a minister of the Presbyterian church, was pastor of the church at Snow Hill, Maryland, where he died in 1824. 1802 William Austin Allen William A. Allen of Cumberland County died in 1834. The Aliens of Cumberland having been so much identified with Hampden Sidney, we will say that William Austin Allen, A. B., 1802, was of that county. George Craig George Craig was in the House of Delegates from Lunen- burg County, 1811-1812. It is likely that he was a member of the Union Society at Hampden Sidney College in 1802. It would be interesting to know whether he was a son of Mr. Craig, minister of Cornwall parish, Charlotte County, who was pretty certainly an antagonist of Hampden Sidney at its first foundation. Lafayette Henry b. 1786, d. before 1850. Son of Patrick Henry by his second marriage. Lafayette or Fayette Henry was in the House of Delegates from Campbell County, 1812-1813. Early in 1787, at the end of his fifth term as governor of the State, Patrick Henry settled in Prince Edward County 'where he could be near Hampden Sidney College and complete the education of his younger sons.' [Life of Henry by William Wirt Henry, II, 305.] Mr. Henry lived in Prince Edward County longer than in Charlotte County. He established his sons in the habit of coming to Hampden Sidney College, which they fol- lowed after their father 's death. Six sons of Mr. Henry were students at Hampden Sidney. William Rice Probably a son of William Rice of Charlotte County who died in 1820. William Rice, Jr., it is stated, was a physician, 124 [1802 and a member of the Virginia Senate from the Charlotte district, 1813-1815, dying about 1846. Dr. Hooper's manuscript assigns William Rice to Bedford County, gives the year or his birth as 1762, and explains the presence of his name on the Union Society roll by honorary membership. Henry E. Scott Thomas Scott, Trustee of Hampden Sidney College, who died in 1805, married the widow of Colonel Isaac Read. Their son, Henry E. Scott, a student at Hampden Sidney about 1802, lived in Charlotte County or very close by in Prince Edward County. The middle initial in this region, at the turn of the eighteenth century, like as not was nothing but a distinguishing mark. But it is pretty certain that Henry E. Scott's full name was Henry Embra Scott. A few years ago the Library of Hampden Sidney College secured an in- teresting collection of old farm journals, early volumes of the Southern Planter, etc., that had belonged to Mr. Henry E. Scott of Prince Edward County, who was probably a son of Henry E. Scott (1802). You cannot trace the farmer by the offices he fills ; his life is of a piece, rather one with the land- scape. Henry E. Scott of Scottsburg, Halifax County, was writing to the Farmers' Register in 1834 (vol. II, p. 312). Joseph Watkins Assigned to Charlotte County in Union Society Catalogue. Joseph Watkins was graduated M. D. at the University of Pennsylvania in 1810. It is possible that Joseph Watkins and Addison Waddel, fellow students at Hampden Sidney, were fellow students at Philadelphia. The probability is that Joseph Watkins was a cousin of Francis Watkins of Prince Edward County, and settled in Goochland County: born 1787, died 1854. Statement of William S. Morton of Charlotte County, 1920. 1803 Samuel D. Leake William Leake of the Goochland region about 1688, had a son named Walter, who had a son Josiah. Captain Josiah Leake was a student at Dickinson College, Pennsylvania; he studied law and settled in South Carolina, but returned to Goochland County. He was a member of the House of Dele- gates. His son, Samuel D. Leake, was a student at Hampden Sidney College, graduating in 1803. In 1804 he was teacher of the Grammar School at the college, and had occasion to switch John Peter Mettauer. Mr. Leake died at his home in Goochland after 1843. He was the father of Judge William Josiah Leake, of the Richmond Chancery Court. Samuel D. Leake's cousin, Dr. Samuel D. Leake, who had just completed his medical studies at Philadelphia, died in Goochland County, 1808 [Richmond Argus, Nov. 8, 1808]. These were near relations of the Rev. Samuel Leake of Albe- marle, one of the first Trustees of Hampden Sidney. Robert P. Smith Dr. Robert L. Smith, brother of Samuel Stanhope and John Blair Smith, lived in Prince Edward County from about 1796 to 1804. During that time he was a Trustee of Hampden Sidney College. It is possible that Robert P. Smith was his son. It is also possible that Robert P. Smith was a son of Robert Smith of the Cumberland Committee of Safety, 1776. There were several families of Smiths influential in the region about 1800. There were the Cumberland Smiths; there were the Powhatan Smiths; there was Francis Smith, merchant of Prince Edward County, on Appomattox River, and there was Martin Smith, merchant of Prince Edward County, settled near the old French's Store, or Kingsville. The college lads bothered Mr. Martin Smith a good deal. He moved to Ken- 126 [1803 tucky before 1816. The tradition is that Martin Smith, on the lookout for apple pilferers, shot his son in the leg. One of the topical farce performers of that golden age, on the college stage, (so Major Andrew Venable said), remarked apropos : 'Martin Smith is one bad man, And all the neighbors knows it — Shot his son with his own gun, Which very plainly shows it.' Benjamin Holt Rice b. 1782, d. 1856. Brother of John Holt Rice, under whose direction he received the whole of his education. In 1809, Benjamin Rice was assistant teacher in a school in Granville County, North Carolina; from 1804 he had been assistant in his brother's school at Charlotte Court House. He then taught a while at Newberne in North Carolina, and at Raleigh (in the school of Dr. William McPheeters). About 1813, having begun work as a minister in Eastern North Carolina, he began preaching at Petersburg in Virginia; organized a church there and remained in charge of it some seventeen years. His influence at Petersburg and in that region was powerful. The Established church had become thoroughly disorganized there, and Dr. Rice was an evan- gelical minister, not only able to preach but to make friends. In 1829 he was Moderator of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church, and in the same year went to New York, as pastor of the Pearl Street Church. From 1833 to 1847 he was pastor at Princeton, New Jersey. The last six years of his life were spent at Hampden Sidney, in charge of that congregation. He was stricken with paralysis in the pulpit of the College Church and died shortly afterwards. Dr. William S. White drew a comparison between John Holt Rice and his brother Benjamin: "The former was the more studious, the latter was the more popular preacher. Dr. B. H. Rice made a more favorable impression on strangers at first sight. He had more wit and humor. A man so emi- nent and yet so approachable is very rarely met with." 1803] 127 Sprague IV, 625. Hageman, Princeton and its Institutions, II, 133-143. Presbyterian Magazine, VI, 551-57 — Excellent charac- ter sketch. Dr. Ben Rice was a brother-in-law of Archibald Alexander. It may not be well to say much about church honors. Vanity is less fitting, if no less apparent, in that connection than in some others. But it can do no harm to list those Moderators of the General Assem- bly of the Presbyterian church before 1830 who were in one way or another identified with Hampden Sidney College, viz.: 1798 John Blair Smith 1799 Samuel Stanhope Smith [Meeting at Winchester, Virginia] 1807 Archibald Alexander 1809 Drury Lacy 1816 James Blythe 1819 John Holt Rice 1821 William Hill 1829 „ Benjamin Holt Rice For many years it was customary for the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church to meet at Philadelphia. The meeting of 1799 would have been held there, but for the yellow fever. Thomas Venable Youngest son of Nathaniel Venable, Trustee 1775, etc. Thomas Venable was born in 1782 and died young. He had fitted himself to be a physician, after taking his bachelor's degree at Hampden Sidney. 1804 William Bowie Cowan 'William Cowan of Lunenburg [Trustee of Hampden Sid- ney College, 1784-1806] was no orator, but in cases requiring legal acumen and judgment, he was by many preferred to Patrick Henry, with whom he practiced in the same courts for many years, living in habits of intimacy with that great man. When the war was ended, he was almost entirely oc- cupied in collecting moneys due to the Scotch merchants, who had generally gone off at the commencement of the Revolu- tion. He was deeply sensible of the evils of slavery, and one day said to me that there was a secret policy in the minds of some leading men in the State to tax slaves very heavily so as by degrees to render them unprofitable.' Life of Archibald Alexander, Ed. 1855, p. 139ff. John Hook was a man of wealth, and not supposed to be over-friendly to the American cause. In 1781, Mr. Venable, an army commissary, had taken two of Hook's steers. The act had not been strictly legal and on the establishment of peace, Hook retained Mr. Cowan to bring an action of trespass against Mr. Venable in the District Court held at New London. Mr. Henry appeared for the defendant, and is said to have deported himself in this cause in a very ridiculous but effective manner. He carried the jury to Yorktown, etc. "Wiat notes are these that disturb the general joy and silence the acclamations of victory? They are the notes of John Hook, hoarsely bawling through the American camp, Beef ! Beef ! Beef ! ' ' The clerk of the court, Mr. Steptoe, had to withdraw to the green, his risibles perforce. "Jemmy Steptoe, what ails ye, mon?" asked Mr. Hook. "Just wait till Billy Cowan gets up, he'll show him the la'." Mr. Cowan got up, but could scarcely be heard for the noise. The cause was decided almost by acclamation, the jury returning almost instantly for the defendant. And then by degrees people began to think that John Hook was maybe right. Old Virginia Clerks, 74-76. William Bowie Cowan, son of William Cowan, was a stu- dent at Hampden Sidney in 1804. William Cowan, who died in 1806, left a remarkable will, which is recorded at Lunen- burg Court House. His children were William Bowie Cowan 1804] 129 and Grizel Bowie Cowan. William Cowan was for a time a Methodist preacher. He was a man of sincere piety, and of this his will is plain testimony. William H. Brodnax In several accounts of the life of William H. Brodnax the statement is that "he was probably a student at Hampden Sidney College, which conferred upon him the honorary de- gree of A. M. in 1830." That is no proof, but it is not un- likely that, during the prosperous years under Mr. Alexander, William Brodnax of Brunswick was at the college. William H. Brodnax was born in Brunswick in 1786 and died in Din- widdie in 1834. He studied law at Petersburg under Sterling Ruffin, along with Winfield Scott and Thomas Ruffin (Judge Ruffin of North Carolina) . Settling in Dinwiddie County, he bought "Kingston," a celebrated plantation, and made it his home. His practice was large, in Dinwiddie, Brunswick, Greensville and that region. Taking an interest in the militia, he rose to be Brigadier General, was chief marshal at York- town when Lafayette was there in 1824, and was in command of the troops to suppress the Nat. Turner insurrection. Gen- eral Brodnax was very much interested in the affairs of the American Colonization Society. He was a Whig in politics, and was a member of the Convention of 1829. He was one of those Virginians who has left a reputation difficult to define or to "document" — of great force of character and of kindly, generous feelings. William and Mary College Quarterly XIV, 57. John P. Branch Historical Papers [Randolph Macon] III, 14. Abner Crump Dr. Mettauer, in one of his lists of the founders of the Philanthropic Society, put down Abner Crump of Powhatan. Powhatan was Crump headquarters for a good many years. Abner Crump, an officer of the Revolution and a member of ♦he Society of the Cincinnati was Clerk of Powhatan from 130 [1804 1786 to 1802. The clerk's office was at his house, eight miles from the Court House. Colonel Crump was a bachelor, we think. Abner Crump of the notice was a nephew of his, per- haps. Dr. Abner Crump Hopkins of Powhatan (a well-known minister of the Presbyterian church), and his son, the Rev. Abner Crump Hopkins, were students at Hampden Sidney. William Smith b. 1780, d. 1851. Lived at Charlotte Court House, and kept the tavern there. Smithville was the official name of the village for many years. It is quite to be expected that the owner of the tavern was a member of the legislature, but William Smith of Charlotte seems not to have been in politics that way. Statement of William S. Morton of Charlotte County, 1920. But it is more likely that William Smith, 1804, was William B. Smith, a son of Francis Smith, merchant at Farmville, whose place was called l ' Scott-green. ' ' Dr. William B. Smith was very well-known m Prince Edward and Cumberland about 1840. Addison Waddel b. 1785, d. 1855. Son of the Rev. James Waddel. Addison Waddel followed his medical studies at the University of Pennsylvania, graduating in 1809. He settled at Staunton. Around 1832 he was delivering lectures on medical jurispru- dence at Judge Briscoe Baldwin's Staunton law school. "A learned and a wise physician, and a deeply read metaphysi- cian and theologian, ' ' so his son described him. Dr. Addison Waddel's son, Joseph A. Waddel was the author of a History of Augusta County, one of the most thorough of County histories. Annals of Augusta County, p. 428, p. 439. 1805 William Segar Archer b. 1789, d. 1855. Son of Major John Archer of Amelia County, and grandson of Colonel William Archer. Major John Archer and his father both fought in the Revolution; John Archer, aide to General Wayne, was captured by Tarle- ton. William Archer died on a British prison ship at Norfolk. William S. Archer, after a year at Hampden Sidney, about 1805 went to William and Mary and graduated there in 1808. He studied law and was soon a public man. Public man he continued to be until a few years before his death. From 1812 to 1819 he was four times in the House of Delegates, a repre- sentative from Amelia County. From 1820 to 1835 he was in Congress, for much of the time chairman of the committee on Foreign Relations. At first a Jackson Democrat, Mr. Archer became a Whig in 1832. From 1841 to 1847 he was Senator in Congress, and chairman of the Senate Committee of Foreign Relations. He opposed the admission of Texas. From 1820 to 1839 William S. Archer was a Trustee of Hamp- den Sidney College. He was a punctilious duelist. His home in Amelia County was called "The Lodge." Edward Coles In the first paragraph of Washburne's Life of Edward Coles, the statement is made that "Edward Coles left Hamp- den Sidney College the fall of 1805." Soon thereafter Ed- ward Coles was private secretary to President Madison who sent him on a diplomatic mission to Russia. Returned from Russia, Mr. Coles (we will count him as one of the founders of the Philanthropic Society at Hampden Sidney), emanci- pated his slaves and went west to the Illinois country. He 132 [1805 was governor of Illinois at a critical time, and his whole career was of importance in the history of his country. Governor Coles was born in 1786 and died in 1868. Wiashbume's Life of Coles has been reprinted in Illinois Hist. Soe. Publications, 1921. Walter Coles Dr. Mettauer in his enumeration of the founders of the Philanthropic Society in 1805 lists "Walter Coles of Pittsyl- vania County. Walter Coles, son of Colonel Isaac Coles of Pittsylvania, was born in 1790 and died in 1857. He was a farmer and for many years was a magistrate in his county. During the war of 1812 he served as a captain of riflemen on the northern frontier. Member of the House of Delegates 1833-34, Walter Coles was a representative in Congress on the Democratic side from 1835 to 1845. But did not Dr. Mettauer possibly mean to add Edward Coles? William S. Crawford William S. Crawford, clerk of Amherst County 1791-1816, was first cousin to the Hon. William H. Crawford of Georgia. It is likely that William S. Crawford, a member of the Union Society in 1805 (and of the teaching staff that memorable year), was a son of the Clerk of Amherst. The Hon. Kemp Plummer (who it may be supposed was willing to employ Hampden Sidney students) was a trustee of the Warrenton, North Carolina, Academy 1810-1812, during which time William Crawford was principal. In 1812, Mr. Crawford resigned his place to take an office with the Federal Govern- ment. In 1821, William S. Crawford was a member of Judge Creed Taylor's Law School in Cumberland County. Plainly, these are mere Crawford items. Calendar of Board Minutes, p. 60. Journal of the Law School, Richmond, 1822, pp. 50-94. (It is said that the "S." of the name stands for Sidney, a name assumed by Mr. Crawford in honor of his college.) 1805] 133 Edwin Sandys Captain William Craghead of Lunenburg County, who died in 1803, mentioned in his will his grandson, Edwin Sandys. George Craghead of Lunenburg, who died in 1851 (whose are, it is supposed, the reminiscences of 1776 given by Dr. Foote) mentioned in his will lands he had bought of Dr. Edwin Sandys. Dr. Mettauer's list of the founders of the Philan- thropic Society in 1805, includes the name of Edwin Sandys. Sir Edwin Sandys of the Virginia Company was four times married. It is not of record that any of his sons came to Virginia. But it is worth noting that George Sandys trans- lated Ovid in Virginia, and that "William Munford of Meck- lenburg County translated Homer. There is little of the logical about names. Sir Peyton Skipwith of Mecklenburg County had a son named Horatio Bronte. But Charlotte Bronte's father, Patrick Bronte, on leaving Ireland, changed his name from Prunty. 1806 Henry Chambers Born in Lunenburg County, 1785; graduated at William and Mary, 1808. Removed to Alabama. Elected to the United States Senate, 1825. Died at the home of his brother, in Mecklenburg County, Va, 1825. Biog. Dictionary of Congress. John Peter Mettauer Francis Joseph Mettauer, of an old medical family of Alsace, came to Virginia with the French troops of our Revo- lution. After the battle of Yorktown, Dr. Francis Mettauer was stationed in Prince Edward County with an invalid squad of French soldiers. General Robert Lawson and others per- suaded Dr. Mettauer to make Prince Edward County his home. His son John Peter Mettauer was born in the year 1787, so it is stated. But the date seems too early, for in 1804 John Peter Mettauer was a student at Hampden Sidney grammar school, and being chastised for his sins. However that may be, Mettauer was a student at Hampden Sidney, and one of the organizers of the Philanthropic Society in 1805. He made his doctor's degree at the University of Pennsylvania in 1809. "His medical education was carried on under the most favor- able conditions obtainable in America at that time." He settled at home in Prince Edward County and died there in 1875. Mettauer is already a legend. He was unquestionably a wonderful surgeon. For years, the taverns of this neigh- borhood were crowded with his patients, come from near and far. For years Mettauer lectured at his medical school (under the charter of Randolph Macon College), and wrote for the journals. He left a mass of manuscript material, especially a work on surgery, which the late Dr. George Ben Johnston had planned to get published. Mettauer is now a legend. It 1806] 135 is not known with exactness where his grave is. He wore his stove pipe hat continually and was a Methodist. President's Address to the American Surgical Association, 1905, by George Ben Johnston. London Cabell Hives b. 1790, d. 1870. Son of Robert Rives of Nelson County. At an early age he entered Hampden Sidney and afterwards William and Mary, where he graduated. Married in 1815, he lived for a time in Lynchburg, then returned to Nelson County and tried farming. He decided to study medicine^ read under the private tuition of Dr. Chapman of Philadel- phia, and received his diploma from the University of Penn- sylvania in 1820. Dr. Rives practiced his profession about nine years in Virginia. In 1829 he settled at Cincinnati, and lived there the rest of his long life. One of the Cincinnati papers wrote of him after his death, "No physician in the history of this city has had a larger practice or has passed through life more truly honored and loved than Dr. Rives. Not only in the practice of medicine was he eminent, but as a medical teacher and writer he was widely known. He was one of the faculty of the Cincinnati Medical College and after- wards of the Ohio Medical College. He retired from the active duties of his profession about the year 1860, but he continued to reside in Cincinnati, where his warm heart, his noble mind, and his perfect example of the old time gentle- man, now so rarely seen, will long be remembered." Brown, 401-402. William Cabell Rives In Walker's Church, Albemarle County, there is a marble tablet bearing this inscription: "In memory of one of the founders of this church, William Cabell Rives, L. L. D., states- man, diplomatist, historian, born May 4, 1793, died April 25, 1868. Uniting a clear and capacious intellect, a courageous and generous temper, with sound learning and commanding eloquence, he won a distinguished place among the foremost 136 [1806 men whom Virginia has consecrated to the service of the country, while he added lustre to his talents by the purity and dignity of his public career, and adorned his private life with all the virtues which can grace the character of husband, father, friend and Christian." Mr. Rives, minister to France, 1829-1832, 1849-1853 ; Sena- tor in Congress ; President of the Virginia Historical Society, etc., was a student at Hampden Sidney College around 1806, and went from there to William and Mary, since he looked to politics. He was the son of Robert Rives, who in 1806 was still active as a remarkable organizer of large commercial affairs. William C. Rives was present at Hampden Sidney for an important occasion long after his boyhood time there — in 1845,, at the dedication of the Hampden Memorials. He made then an address on John Hampden, and the significance of that great man. The Richmond Whig said of Mr. Rives: "Altogether there is not much risk in asserting that he was with the exception of his great teacher, Mr. Jefferson, the most accomplished man the State of Virginia has produced." To satisfy oneself as to the power of Rives 's mind and his skill on the floor, read his speech on Nullification, 1833. Brown, pp. 407-411. James Wilson Womack James W. Womack of Prince Edward County, died in 1844. He was the only degree man of his year. At that time degrees were conferred mostly in April. "April 27, 1806, the com- mittee appointed to examine candidates for degrees report to this board that they have examined James W. Womack, the only candidate at this time, on the studies of the senior year, and that his examination was satisfactory. Whereupon it is ordered by the board that the said Womack be admitted to the degree of bachelor of arts." In 1812 the board ordered that degrees be conferred at the end of the summer session — that is to say, in September. But the regular September commencement does not seem to have been the rule until about 1821. (rfotfr ^J^X. MOSES HOGE 1807 Moses Hoge John Blair Smith managed the business of Hampden Sidney to very good result during critical years of the Revolution. What his work was from 1782 through 1789 stands plain on the record. He was making a college in Southside Virginia. Then he stopped his college work in Virginia, and Hampden Sidney went down. But even with John Blair Smith in charge, to have maintained Hampden Sidney College well from 1789 into the nineteenth century would have been next to impossible. There had been a revolution, and how serious the thing is we know at this time in another century. People of Southside Virginia were leaving their new established homes for still newer settlements. People left in the country were impatient of discipline. Education met with difficulties, the Presbyterian education especially. Archibald Alexander and John Holt Rice took hold of Hampden Sidney when the college and what the college stood for in the region were far gone. Alexander and Rice were clerks, were glad to have the opportunity to be clerks in so restless a time. Because they were clerks and humanitarians, willing (young as they were) to go about their humdrum school business, because they gave the place the benefit of their clergy, Hampden Sidney was revived. Alexander, Rice and Speece started Hampden Sidney off again, caused the idea of the place to revive. They brought the place into some sort of being again, at the outset of a strange enough century. William Graham at Lexington succumbed to the Revolution. He was not willing to keep on being a clerk. As the eighteenth century rounded out, Presbyterians in Virginia were not hold- ing together. What machinery of organization they had was not working well, and they were not making headway. Middle and Eastern Virginia were not taking kindly to the Presby- terian discipline. Hampden Sidney had produced no one to 138 [1807 manage its affairs. The influence of Davies in Hanover and that region had almost disappeared. Recourse had to be had to the Scots West for the maintenance of the Presbyterian system in the older Virginia. And so were brought east by reason of the first and the second Hampden Sidney idea — Alexander, Rice, Speece, John Poage Campbell, Willson, Shan- non, Ewing, Paxton, Moses Hoge and his sons. But of all these, Moses Hoge, in many ways was the chief. There is a power of character that is inexplicable, and all the more so if due in large measure to the Bible. Moses Hoge was born in Frederick County, at that time comprising the lower valley of Virginia, in the year 1752. His grandfather, William Hoge, was an emigrant from Scot- land to New Jersey ; thence he and his son James Hoge, father of Moses Hoge, made their way by slow stages through Dela- ware and Pennsylvania to the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia. Moses Hoge was emphatically a country boy. He began only in his twentieth year to consider books as important in the general economy. But his outlook for a book education was discouraging. For one thing, the Revolution was coming on. The first year of the war broke up Mr. Goodlet's school in Culpeper County where Moses Hoge had commenced regular studies. He then went to Augusta County for work under William Graham. For several years his mind had been made up to be a minister. He had been greatly impressed by a talk given at Mr. Goodlet 's school by Samuel Stanhope Smith. At first an Associate Reformed (or Rous) Presbyterian, he changed his views regarding the polity and procedure. Moses Hoge thought matters out and was courageous. He was for a while a soldier of the Revolution. It does not appear why his military service was so short, but plainly his reputation suffered nothing because of the brevity of his soldiering. Toward the end of the war, in the fall of 1780, Moses Hoge was ready to begin his work as a minister. It had been his purpose to settle in Kentucky. He was drawn aside to the South Branch of the Potomac (Hardy County) and there remained about seven years. In 1787 he removed to Mecklen- 1807] 139 burg, or Shepherdstown, on the main stream of the Potomac, an important river station with a fine back country. At Shepherdstown, a place of much business, go and come, Mr. Hoge spent his time well for twenty years. He was a preacher first and then a teacher. His character was such that wher- ever he went his influence was rather powerful. The scoffer had to admit that Moses Hoge could withstand scoffing with great equanimity. Mr. Hoge stood out for his beliefs and put together an (answer to Tom Paine (The Christian Panoply, 1799). It was his work as an author and his opinions (matured and put to practice at Shepherdstown) regarding theological instruction, that brought Moses Hoge to Hampden Sidney. By 1807 the Presbyterian clergy of Virginia had come to believe that if Virginia as a whole was to be at all influentially Presbyterian, it would be a good thing to ask Moses Hoge to take charge of Hampden Sidney College. His character was such that he was looked to, a long way off, in this particular business of forming character. Hampden Sid- ney College had been chartered in no sectarian terms — a new State could but feel its way — but it was soon evident that if Presbyterian clerks would not take hold of the school and maintain it in a clerkly manner, its chance of survival was small. The revolution was in progress. There were problems for the tackling at every hand. Alexander and Rice had come to Hampden Sidney and settled down to their programme of self -improvement without neglecting their duty to the place. Moses Hoge followed them, a much older man, of more weight, with his programme for making Hampden Sidney known as a safe place to send boys of the region and as the only insti- tution in the State formally offering to train students in the- ology. Why attempt to comprehend our evolution? It is enough to say that Moses Hoge, by the force of his character, kept Hampden Sidney going very well by these old canons for thirteen years — embargo years, war years, the beginning years of the new era at large in the State plainly manifest after 1815. People of the region were glad to send their boys to Dr. Hoge, no matter how much his time was taken up with 140 [1807 theology. Now and then the boys behaved very badly, and the doctor had to send them back home. But his name was a good advertisement and the college was run about to capacity, fifty to sixty students. Dr. Hoge was of the eighteenth century. With his death in 1820 there was the end of an era at Hampden Sidney. William Shields Reid b. 1778, d. 1853. Son of Adam Reid of Chester County, Pennsylvania, whose father was an emigrant from the North of Ireland, about the year 1740. And the father of Adam Reid's wife, Martha Shields, was an emigrant from the North of Ireland. Adam Reid was a farmer, and unable to do much in the way of helping his son to a higher education. William S. Reid schooled himself as he could, and paid his own way through Princeton where he graduated in 1802. He then went to Georgetown, D. C, to teach in an academy, remained there two years and during that time studied theology under the Rev. Dr. Balch, the organizer of Presbyterianism in George- town. From Georgetown he went to Shepherdstown, to teach in Dr. Moses Hoge 's school there and to pursue his theological education under Dr. Hoge. Happening to be at Winchester, Mr. Reid met President Alexander of Hampden Sidney, who was looking for a Tutor to take the place of John Holt Rice. And so William S. Reid came to Hampden Sidney. He was in charge of the college for a year after President Alexander 's resignation. Marrying a daughter of Col. Samuel W. Venable of Prince Edward County, Mr. Reid spent the rest of his life in Virginia. He settled at Lynchburg in 1808, established a school for boys and began the building up of a Presbyterian congregation. After a few years he undertook a school for girls, which he maintained for a quarter century at least, making a pronounced and altogether worthy success. In 1834 Princeton conferred upon him the degree of D. D. William S. Reid was an admirable man for courtesy and kindness of heart; and his influence as a teacher of young women was remarkable. Sprague IV, 388-392. 1807] 141 Thomas Allen Thomas Allen, born perhaps in Prince Edward County, after studying at Hampden Sidney College about the year 1807, graduated in medicine at the University of Pennsyl- vania in 1812, and settled for the practice on Upper Spring Creek in Prince Edward County. 'Dr. Allen was a medical practitioner of some distinction, a man of integrity and up- rightness, indomitable in the vicissitudes of fortune — some- what stern and inflexible in his family relations. In 1833 Dr. Allen removed to Kay County, Missouri, with his family — seven children whose mother had recently died. Dr. Allen was a devout man, according to the rigid tenets of Scotch Presbyterianism, a man who would be felt as a power, an influence in any position or society.' Henry Watkins Allen, brigadier general C. S. A., and governor of Louisana, was the fourth son of Dr. Thomas Allen. Henry W. Allen was born in Prince Edward County in 1820. Sarah A. Dorsey, Becollections of Henry Watkins Allen. New York, 1866, pp. 1-23. We will guess that William Allen, 1806, was the brother of Thomas Allen. Dr. Allen had a son named William. The descendants of Dr. Allen's seven children must be numerous now in Missouri and California. George Booker Assigned by Union Society Catalogue to Prince Edward County, George Booker (a student at Hampden Sidney about 1807) was perhaps a son of George Booker of Prince Edward. Howe, in his Historical Collections of Virginia, gives the curious item below: "There died in Prince Edward County in 1819 a slave named Wonder Booker, belonging to George Booker, Esq., who had reached his 126th year. He received his name from the circumstance that his mother was in her 58th year at the time of his birth. He was of great strength of body and his mental powers, which were far superior to those of people of 142 [1807 color in general, he retained in a surprising degree. He was a constant laborer in his master's garden until within eight or ten years of his death." Wonder Booker died the year the University of Virginia was by law established; he was exactly the age of the college of William and Mary ; his mother and Harvard College were contemporaries. Samuel Branch The Philanthropic Society in 1850, desiring to put up a Hall for its meetings, struck off a list of those members, active and honorary, whose names could be hurriedly recovered at that time. The idea was in part to have in convenient form a catalogue that might be used for sending out letters to get subscriptions. This was a laudable purpose, and the result (if not directly practical in the building of a Hall) has been of much use historically — and it should be added, of some confusion. The similar attempt of the Union Society in 1856 is to be characterized in like manner. The second name on the Philanthropic Society list of 1850 is that of 'Samuel Branch, Buckingham County.' The first few pages of the earliest minute book of the Philanthropic Society have been lost. We will accept the statement that Samuel Branch of Buckingham was a student at Hampden Sidney College about 1806, and the further statement (found in the general cata- logue of 1908) that Mr. Branch was commonwealth's attorney of Buckingham. At any rate, Samuel Branch of Buckingham was a Trustee of Hampden Sidney College nearly thirty years, and at his death in 1847 the board drew up resolutions of respect to his memory. The name Branch has been associated with Southside Vir- ginia from an early time. William Branch, Jr., of Prince Edward County, who died in 1825, published in 1819 (at the Franklin Press, Richmond) a long poem called "Life . . . dedicated to the social and political welfare of the people of the United States." Mr. Branch said in his preface that he had not had the advantages of an academical education. His 1807] 143 poem is worth a reading. It is divided into three books — Infancy, Youth and Manhood. In Book II, after describing the customary education, William Branch wrote: " Reverse the picture and behold the man, Bear'd up a sage on Pestalozzi's plan. Not shades but things he learns in early youth. In candour warn'd to shun that mental state, Which habitude and bias oft create, He strives to store his mind and mend his heart, That with sound facts and this by native art. ' ' Good enough, to be sure. Robert Guerrant Branch (born in Buckingham County, 1813, died 1855), after graduating at Hampden Sidney Col- lege in 1833, spent a year at the University of Virginia, and then returned to Hampden Sidney where he was professor of Ancient Languages until 1846. He then took charge of the celebrated school for girls which had been established at Prince Edward Court House by Mr. Root of New York. The general catalogue lists "William D. Branch, lawyer, mayor of Lynchburg," as at Hampden Sidney College about 1820, but it does not appear where the information comes from. Information since received establishes the fact that William D. Branch, who was mayor of Lynchburg, was a brother of Robert G. Branch. And further, it is gratifying to know that Samuel Branch (1807), a native of Chesterfield, but long resident in the Buckingham region, was the father of William D. and Robert G. Branch. Benjamin W. S. Cabell b. 1793, d. 1862. Son of Joseph Cabell, Jr., of Buckingham County, later of Kentucky. Educated at Hampden Sidney, during the vice-presidency of William S. Reid, about 1807 ; went to Kentucky with his father in 1811, but returned to Virginia. He was trained for the law, but owing to diffidence, never practiced. Served in the war of 1812, first on the staff of Brigadier General Joel Leftwich, and afterwards on the 144 [1807 staff of Major General John Pegram. After the war he held in succession the commission of major, colonel, brigadier general and major general of militia; the two last being by election of the General Assembly. Was married in 1816 (by Eev. Moses Hoge, then president of Hampden Sidney College) to a daughter of Major John Doswell of Nottoway County. He removed to Danville, and represented Pittsylvania County in the legislature for a good many terms beginning in 1823. Was a member of the Convention of 1829. From the first he was an unflagging supporter of the University, a liberal system of public education; and of the James River Canal. In 1858 he wrote, "I was able to contribute somewhat to the great plans to which Joseph C. Cabell devoted his life. ' ' For a time General Cabell edited a paper at Danville. Six of his sons were in the Confederate army. He was an active member of the Methodist church, and died at " Bridge water, ' ' his residence in Pittsylvania County. Brown, 469. Thomas W. Lumpkin Born in Bedford County, Thomas Lumpkin may have come to Hampden Sidney College as Tutor as early as 1805. In 1807 the Bachelor's degree was awarded to Henry N. Wat- kins, and Thomas W. Lumpkin 'who had been for some years a Tutor in college.' Drury Lacy acted as president pro- tempore for the purpose of signing the degrees of the young gentlemen. Mr. Lumpkin had very probably been prepared for college work at New London Academy, Bedford County. He studied theology under Moses Hoge, no doubt continuing in his office as Tutor at the college for a year after 1807. He then spent some time as a missionary in Albemarle County; was settled as pastor of the church at Charlottesville, October, 1809 ; and died of a bilious fever about six months thereafter. 'He was a man of superior abilities, great courage, and un- feigned piety.' Board Minutes. Sprague, IV, 330. 1807] 145 "Mr. Lumpkin seems to have been impulsive, and though small, yet capable of communicating an impulse to others, for on coming suddenly into the campus one day, while he was tutor in college, and there finding a big fellow cursing his fellow tutor in what has so frequently been considered a brave and manly style, he walked up to the young orator and interrupted his eloquence by a well-directed blow between the eyes, then seized this fallen greatness by the heels and dragged him from the campus to the quiet and retirement of the neighboring thicket of chinquepins, and there left him to meditation. ' ' Hampden Sidney Magazine, May 1859, p. 195. il Memorabilia ' ' by Professor Charles Martin. Henry N. Watkins b. 1787, d. 1850. Son of Capt. Thomas Watkins of the Revolution. Henry N. Watkins was awarded a first honor on his graduation in 1807. He was out with the cavalry in the war of 1812. Mr. Watkins was a lawyer and an elder in the Presbyterian church. His home called "Oldham," was in Prince Edward County, near the present village of Meherrin. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. Henry N. Watkins was for some years a Trustee of Hamp- den Sidney College. In 1835 he was of the Committee of the Trustees to make a report regarding the college to the Super- intendent of the Literary Fund. The report was brief and pointed — ' ' This college, ' ' the Committee said, ' ' has contended with difficulties which no other institution of the kind in the State has had to encounter, yet it has sustained itself respect- ably among them all. The average number of students at this college, from its foundation, has been as we have learned from our late president, about sixty. The location of this college is as healthy as any situation between the Blue Ridge and tidewater. Which is respectfully submitted." 146 [1807 Miles Selden Watkins Miles S. Watkins, son of Thomas Watkins, clerk of Chester- field County, was a student at Hampden Sidney about 1807. He was at William and Mary in 1810, and graduated in medi- cine at the University of Pennsylvania in 1816. Dr. Miles Watkins settled in Alabama, in the Huntsville region. At Hampden Sidney with him was his brother, Benjamin Watkins, who died in 1825, a bachelor. Benjamin Watkins Leigh of Chesterfield (United States Senate, etc.) was a near relation. In 1825 Hampden Sidney College began conferring the degree of Doctor of Laws, and Mr. Leigh was the first to receive the degree from Hampden Sidney. Statement of William S. Morton of Charlotte County, 1920. Programme of 1825 Commencement. X808 Andrew A. Shannon Archibald Alexander, having resigned his place as president of the college, the Board of Trustees took action in November, 1806, and appointed William S. Reid to superintend and take charge of the college for a year, and Andrew Shannon, Thomas Lumpkin, and James Willson were appointed assistant teach- ers. June, 1808, the degree of Bachelor of Arts was con- ferred on Andrew Shannon speciali gratia et causa honoris. Mr. Shannon had been serving as a Tutor in the college, at the same time carrying on his theological studies. From 1810 to 1818 he was pastor of Cedar Creek and Opecquon churches in Frederick County. In 1820 he went to Kentucky, and was living in 1836, a member of Louisville Presbytery. James Campbell Willson September 29, 1808, the Board of Trustees of Hampden Sidney College causa honoris made James C. Willson a Bach- elor of Arts, 'in consideration of his literary qualifications.' He had, by the record, for some time been 'a teacher in the seminary. ' It is possible that the meaning of this is that Mr. Willson 's duties had been somewhat in the theological depart- ment, where for awhile after 1808 he was employed by Mr. Hoge. But there is hardly any doubt that Mr. Willson was, around 1808, a Tutor in the college proper. He was born in Rockbridge County ; was a near relation of John W. Campbell (the publisher and bookseller) of Petersburg; was a student at Washington Academy, Lexington, about 1803; and for more than twenty years was pastor of Tinkling Spring church, Augusta County. Foote II, 39. Life of Samuel B. McPheeters, p. 10. 148 [1808 Richard Booker Entered Hampden Sidney College in 1807. Planter of ample means. Represented his county, Amelia, in the legis- lature for ten or a dozen years. Retired from public life when instructed to vote for Benjamin Watkins Leigh for U. S. Senate. He also ran against his uncle, "William B. Giles. No man had greater influence with the people of his county. He became a member of the Presbyterian church and died in the faith in 1845. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. William Booker Born in Amelia County. Entered Hampden Sidney College in 1807. Planter. Nephew of Governor Giles. Was one of six brothers who volunteered in war of 1812. Suffered greatly in Canada. A man of many noble and generous qualities. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. John Blair Hoge b. 1790, d. 1826. Son of President Moses Hoge, who in 1790 was living in Jefferson County. "He obtained the rudi- ments of his education in his father's house and chiefly by instruction from young men who were prosecuting theological studies under his father's direction. He was for two years a pupil of his brother James (the Rev. Dr. Hoge of Columbus, Ohio), in a classical school which he taught at Augusta church. After this he assisted his father for some time in a school which he had established at Shepherdstown, Jefferson County. He then entered Hampden Sidney College at an advanced standing, and graduated in 1808. He was for ia year or two Tutor in the college, of which his father had become president in 1807. Toward 1810 he commenced the study of the law under the instruction of Henry E. Watkins of Prince Edward County, and mastered the principles of the law with such 1808] 149 facility and evinced in so high a degree the faculty of gener- alization, that there was every prospect of his early becoming eminent in the profession. On mature reflection, however, he determined to abandon both the study of the law and the prospect of its practice, and prepare himself for the gospel ministry." He studied theology under his father. His first work as a minister was in Berkeley County, where he was at once eminently successful. He spent two years in Europe, 1814-1816, mainly in the south of France, for the benefit of his health. Returning to Berkeley County, in 1822 he became pastor of the Shockoe Hill Church at Richmond. He died at the house of a friend near Martinsburg. In 1819 he had married Miss Ann Hunter of Martinsburg (daughter of David Hunter), whose family was influential in that region. John Blair Hoge was something of 'a meteor. "His talents, taste, and acquirements were acknowledged by all who knew him intimately to be of the first order. ' ' His friends compared him to Chalmers. His son, John Blair Hoge, was brought up in Berkeley County, was a lawyer of distinction and a member of Congress. Sprague IV, 448-453. Colin Mclver A member of the Union Society in 1808, Colin Mclver (born in North Carolina, in the Fayetteville region), followed at Hampden Sidney, it is likely, both academic and theological studies. In 1811 he was second assistant to William L. Turner in the management of the Fayetteville Academy. In 1822 Joseph Gales of Raleigh announced the immediate publication jf a surprisingly modern work by the Rev. Colin Mclver — "An accurate calendar with the usual astronomical calcula- tions, to contain the names of the several officers who conduct the State government; the names of 'all the magistrates and subordinate officers of the several counties of the State; the names of the several incorporated companies and voluntary associations for useful, beneficient and pious purposes which 150 [1808 exist within the State, with lists of the principal officers; a list of postoffices and postmasters of the State; and a great variety of other matter both of a civil and ecclesiastical nature relating to North Carolina and to the United States. The work, to be called 'The North Carolina Eegister and United States Calendar,' to be completed by the time fixed for the meeting of the legislature." Mr. Mclver was living in the Fayetteville region in 1845. North Carolina Schools and Academies, p. 67; p. 790. Presbyterian Historical Society (Phila.) Catalogue. William Shelton Born 1790, in Louisa County. Entered Hampden Sidney College in 1807, left in 1808. Served in war of 1812. Farmer. Presbyterian elder. Died in 1847. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. Nathaniel E. Venable b. 1791, d. 1847. Son of Col. Samuel W. Venable of Prince Edward County. Soon after leaving college (where he had been one of the founders of the Philanthropic Society — see Minutes, September 27, 1847), Mr. Venable saw some service in the war of 1812, as a minor officer. He was a man of large business, at first in partnership with his father under the firm name of Venable and Venable. An analysis of the business of this firm, 'along with that of its predecessor and successor, would explain much of the old conditions of business through- out Southside Virginia. The firm bought tobacco and shipped it out by roller and wagon and flat boat. They brought in dry goods and supplies, operated flour mills, saw mills and tanneries, speculated in land, and promoted the building of towns. The financial stress of 1837-1840 was disastrous to Mr. Venable. If his business had been simpler he might not have become so involved. His home was at ' ' Longwood, ' ' near Farmville. He built the house there about 1840. The land 1808] 151 was part of the estate of his uncle, Abraham B. Venable, who had bought from Judge Peter Johnston. Nathaniel E. Venable was a Presbyterian, and for many years a Trustee of Hamp- den Sidney College. He was the father of Colonel Charles Scott Venable of the University of Virginia. Daniel Allen Wilson Richard Wilson of James City County married Priscilla Allen, daughter of Daniel Allen of Cumberland County. Their son, Daniel A. Wilson, was born in Cumberland in 1790. After a year or two at Hampden Sidney, he studied law under Judge William Daniel and was admitted to the bar in 1810„ These statements are drawn from an old book at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, which has been preserved with the title page gone. The book was written toward 1850, when Daniel A. Wilson, as lawyer, politician and judge had established his reputation. Judge Wilson was in the best sense an ornament of the bench as a member of the old General Court, and we regret exceedingly that there is not at hand a full sketch of his career. To be assured that he was a student at Hampden Sidney is worth a great deal. 1809 Green H. Batte Green H. Batte of Prince George County, seems to have been first a student at Hampden Sidney, and then a student at Washington Academy, Lexington. His brother (perhaps), Thomas C. Batte, was apparently first at Washington Acad- emy and then at Hampden Sidney. Dr. Green H. Batte was a physician, well-known in Prince George and that region. He died in 1825. Alumni Catalogue, Washington and Lee University. John Davidson Ewing Born in Rockingham County; a student at Washington Academy (Washington and Lee) 1806-1807; student and Tutor at Hampden Sidney College, 1807-1809; A. B., 1809. Teacher of a classical school in Rockbridge County and pastor of Lebanon, Windy Cove and Falling Spring churches in that county. Trustee of Washington College (Washington and Lee), 1830-1856. Died in 1877, aged 89. Washington and Lee Alumni Catalogue. James Jones A student at Hampden Sidney in 1809 (see Philanthropic Society Minutes), James Jones died in 1838. He was a physician settled in Buckingham County and is mentioned in the catalogue of the medical department of Hampden Sid- ney College for 1849 as having trained 187 him run over them, he was very apt to despise them, whereas if they stood up for their rights he respected them. He and Robert Carrington were known to be personal enemies, at a time when a quarrel often meant a funeral, and yet John Randolph listed Mr. Carrington as a man he called friend, because of his upright and courageous character. We have supposed that Robert Carrington who went to Arkansas was Robert S. Carrington, a student at Hampden Sidney about 1815. Powhatan Bouldin, Home Eeminiseences of John Eandolph. Eli Washington Caruthers Born in Rowan County, North Carolina, 1793 ; d. 1865. Prepared for college at the school of the Rev. Joseph D. Kil- patrick near Salisbury. Entered Hampden Sidney, but com- pleted his college course at Princeton, graduating with honor at Princeton in 1817, and then going through Princeton Semi- nary. In 1820 he became assistant to the Rev. David Caldwell of Guilford County, North Carolina (Alamance Church), and was in charge of that church until his death. Dr. Caldwell had settled there in 1768. So those two men were pastors of that congregation ninety-three years. Dr. Caruthers was an advocate of internal improvements, railroads^ etc., was a steady friend of education, and aided a number of young men out of his private means: among these was his relation and ward, Washington Caruthers Kerr, the geologist. Dr. Caruthers devoted much time to investigation of the Revolu- tionary history of the State. He published in 1842, at Greens- boro, "The Life and Character of the Rev. David Caldwell, D. D., with some account of the Regulation." This was a first-hand study of a remarkable man and a remarkable move- ment. In 1854-56, Dr. Caruthers brought out at Philadelphia, "Revolutionary Incidents and Sketches of Character, chiefly in the Old North State." Two volumes. National Cyclopaedia of American Biography. 188 r [1815 John Flood Edmunds Born in Brunswick County; brother of Edwin Edmunds (1800). At Hampden Sidney College, 1815 (see Philan- thropic Society Minutes) John F. Edmunds settled in Char- lotte County on the rich tobacco lands about Wardsfork. He was a most energetic and successful farmer, making a repu- tation particularly as a tobacco raiser. [See his "Concise directions for the cultivation and management of tobacco." Farmer's Register, vol. I, (1834) p. 641ff. This article was republished as a separate by the Southern Planter, about fifty years ago.] Mr. Edmunds died in 1863. He left $100 to each of the four churches at Charlotte Court House. In 1835 he was part owner of the Black Arabian, a horse that had been presented to President Jackson. This horse was kept at Mr. Tom Flournoy's in Prince Edward County. Peter Hales Dr. Peter Hales of Buckingham County was a student at Hampden Sidney College about 1815. Dr. Hooper lists him, but Dr. Hooper was not able to revise his manuscript cata- logue for the press. The very considerable work done by Dr. Richard Mcllwaine (in coadjutorship with Dr. Hooper) seems to have disappeared. Such items of the vexatious record are analogous to what happens in the clearing of the bush — but we still live in the bush, so what are we to expect ? Our new grounds have been unstable and the old tilled spots have been often thrown out of the shift. However, it is at least certain that Peter Hales was at Hampden Sidney, (see Philanthropic Society Minutes, 1815). Thomas Jefferson Perkinson It is to be supposed that Thomas Perkinson of Amelia County (son of Thomas Perkinson, died 1816), a student at Hampden Sidney about 1815 (William and Mary, 1818) was the father of Thomas E. Perkinson, for many years a Trustee 1815] 189 of Hampden Sidney College, and Treasurer. Among the Trustees of the Civil war period none was more interested and diligent than Mr. Perkinson. Thomas J. Perkinson was perhaps the brother of Matthew R. Perkinson of Amelia, a student at Hampden Sidney, 1821, who died in Amelia County in 1831. John Silliman b. 1786, d. 1838. A native of Cabarrus County, North Carolina, John Silliman came to college late. He was sent to Hampden Sidney from John Makemie Wilson's Cabarrus County School. It is pretty certain he was one of Dr. Hoge 's theological students at Hampden Sidney. For a year he was co-pastor with the Rev. Matthew Lyle at Briery and Buffalo churches, Prince Edward County. From 1819 to 1836, John Silliman was pastor of the Presbyterian Church at Morgan- ton, North Carolina. In 1836, he went to Sharon, Illinois, and died there shortly afterwards, pastor of the Presbyterian Church. It is likely that of all the students on the roll of Union Seminary in Virginia, John Silliman, born in 1786, fell farthest back into the eighteenth century. Francis Thornton Born in Charlotte County, Francis Thornton was a student at Hampden Sidney around 1815 (Union Society Minutes, July 14, 1815). As early as 1818 he was a minister of the Presbyterian Church. From 1822 to 1836 he was in charge of churches in Rappahannock and Warren Counties, Virginia. He went to Kentucky, and was as late as 1845 pastor of Beulah Church near Louisville. Foote II, 199; List of Winchester Presbytery. As an indication of how the records stand, additional facts will be appended here, instead of being incorporated in the note and the whole reworked. The Washington and Lee General Catalogue, sub. 1815-16, lists — * ' Francis Thornton : Spottsylvania Co. : soldier in war of 1812 : Presbyterian minister: Kentucky: Died 1881, aged 84." The Francis Thornton of the two catalogues is undoubtedly the same. Union Society 190 [1815 catalogue assigned Mr. Thornton to Cumberland County because the compilers (very much in a hurry) fancied that he belonged there. The note above assigned him to Charlotte County because after a little in- vestigation that seemed more likely. The authors of the Washington and Lee Catalogue were methodical and we will accept their statement. Francis Thornton, b. 1796, d. 1881, was the son of Francis Thornton of ' ' Fall Hill, ' ' Spottsylvania County, who married a daughter of Judge Harry Innes of Kentucky. Francis Thornton of the notice was brother- in-law of James H. Fitzgerald of Fredericksburg, a remarkable man as Presbyterian and in other ways. See William and Mary Coll. Quarterly, VI, 112, 243. Abraham Woodson Venable Lanman's Dictionary of Congress, published in 1864, has this to say of Mr. Venable: "Born in Prince Edward County, Virginia, in 1799 ; graduated at Hampden Sidney College in 1816 ; studied medicine for two years and then went to Prince- ton College where he graduated in 1819 ; he then studied law and was admitted to the bar in North Carolina in 1821. He was a Presidential Elector in 1832 and also in 1836; and a Representative in Congress from North Carolina from 1847 to 1853. His father and six uncles were in the Revolutionary war [all at the battle of Guilford Court House]. He took part in the Rebellion of 1861, as a member of the so-called Confederate Congress." Mr. Venable sat in this — er — Con- gress from 1861 to 1864. He died in 1876 at Oxford, Gran- ville County, North Carolina, where his home had been for many years. He was an elder of the Presbyterian Church over fifty years, and was a member of the Board of Union Seminary at Hampden Sidney. NOTE : Mr. Venable 's name was Abraham WatMns, not Woodson : statement of William S. Morton of Charlotte County. William Claiborne Walton Was born in the county of Hanover, in 1793. His father died an early victim to intemperance, and the youthful days 1815] 191 of the son were passed under circumstances most unfavorable to the formation of religious character. In his eighteenth year he went to reside in the family of a Presbyterian elder in Winchester, and shortly afterwards had his mind directed to the subject of religion by a sermon which he heard from a Methodist preacher. His pastor, the Rev. Dr. William Hill, proposed to him that he should be educated for the ministry under the care of Winchester Presbytery. Accordingly in the autumn of 1811 he repaired to Hampden Sidney College. In October 1814, he was licensed to preach, although he was still a student at Hampden Sidney and remained there a con- siderable time afterwards. After preaching for some time at Berryville in Northern Virginia, he was ordained as a minister in 1818. In 1823 he became pastor of the Third Presbyterian Church of Baltimore, where he remained about eighteen months. His health was becoming bad. In 1827 he went to Alexandria as pastor of the Second Presbyterian Church there, and in 1833 took charge of the Free Church of Hart- ford, Connecticut. He died at Hartford early in 1834. Mr. Walton was first of all an evangelist. The Rev. Joshua Dan- forth of Alexandria published a memoir of his life (New York, 1837). Spragne III, 565. 1816 Bercyman Sept. 6, 1816, the Philanthropic Society met and adopted resolutions in memoriam: "our deceased friend Mr. Berry- man. ' ' Crape to be worn for two weeks in respect. Nothing beside remains as of record. Edward Carrington Born in Cumberland County. Entered Hampden Sidney, 1816. Cotton planter. Died at "Newstead," Polk County, Texas, 1865. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. Christopher Clarke Christopher Clarke, a contemporary of Callohill Mennis, was a great Bedford lawyer. He represented the Bedford district in the Constitutional Convention of 1829, and died during the sessions of the Convention. It is to be supposed that Christopher Clarke, 1816, was his son. William H. Elliott William H. Elliott of Charlotte County, a student at Hamp- den Sidney about 1816, had been prepared for college at Dr. Rice 's school near Charlotte Court House. He lived to be an old man, dying after the year 1876. He put together his notes on John Randolph, and was thinking of publishing them when Powhatan Bouldin began collecting Randolph anecdotes. Mr. Elliott then placed all of his material in Mr. Bouldin 's hands, and there are numerous quotations from the manu- script in Mr. Bouldin 's "Home Reminiscences of John Ran- dolph." Mr. Bouldin speaks of William H. Elliott as being a man of genius and a poet. 'Poems of his were copied into London periodicals.' 1816] 193 John Randolph, it seems, was considerably a visitor of schools. When he lived at 'Bizarre' on Appomattox river, he was often at Mr. Lacy's Ararat School in Prince Edward. And William H. Elliott's reminiscences are proof that to- wards the end of Dr. Rice's time in Charlotte County, Mr. Randolph used to drop in at Dr. Rice's school. The school was some fifteen miles from the 'Roanoke' plantation. Peter Guerrant Peter Guerrant was a student at Hampden Sidney College around the year 1816. Peter Guerrant, of Goochland, is listed among the students for 1821 at Judge Taylor's 'Needham' Law School. Peter Guerrant represented Goochland in the House of Delegates, 1828-1830, 1850-1851. William H. McFarland As early as 1813, the name William H. McFarland of Lunenburg County appears on the minutes of the Philan- thropic Society. He may have been a student at Hampden Sidney College several years, indeed may have graduated, since about 1825 he was elected to membership in the Literary and Philosophical Society at Hampden Sidney College, a society whose purpose it was to admit none but those who had at least received the first degree in the arts. James McFar- land, no doubt a brother of William H. McFarland, was a student at Hampden Sidney in 1816. William H. McFarland was the son of James McFarland of McFarland 's, Lunenburg County, a merchant of large estate (who had come from Glasgow in Scotland) ; James McFarland died in 1837, and left his house in Greenock to his son William., William H. McFarland was a very well-known man, as lawyer (law studies at William and Mary, 1816 and at the Litchfield Law School, Connecticut, 1818). He was also a financier. He made his home at Richmond. He was Presi- dent of the Farmers' Bank of Virginia; was a member of the Provisional Congress of the Confederacy; and in 1871 was 194 [1816 on the Board of Visitors of William and Mary College. In 1840 Mr. McFarland was Alumni Association orator at Hamp- den Sidney. He was then elected to honorary membership in the Union Society. Harvey Mitchell ' ' Spent his boyhood and early youth in the town of Lynch- burg. His parents resided in the county of Amherst at a beautiful place visible from almost every point of Lynchburg. When a small boy Harvey Mitchell manifested a great talent for drawing and painting, and with this was combined a genius highly poetic. He practiced his profession of portrait painter at Lynchburg for some years. His numerous skits, illustrated by his own humorous drawings, were much in the style of Porte Crayon, whose articles in Harper's Magazine have been so well received. Mr. Mitchell also wrote dramas, depicting admirably the foibles of the community in which he lived. In conjunction with his brother Stephen Mitchell, he at- tempted to publish a periodical, but the undertaking had little support." [Sketches and Recollections of Lynchburg, p. 103.] For a specimen of Harvey Mitchell's work, see Johnston's Old Virginia Clerks, p. 78 — portrait of James Steptoe, said to be the original of Dr. George W. Bagby's "Old Virginia Gentleman." At Hampden Sidney around 1816, Harvey Mitchell left a record as clerk, and a good one, of the Philanthropic Society. Mr. Mitchell married a daughter of Judge Peter Johnston. In 1858 he was living in Washington, holding some minor government office. Like other artists, he had found it difficult to settle down to every day business. In 1821 he was, for instance, a student at Judge Taylor's Needham Law School. Clement C. Read Son of Isaac Read of Charlotte County, who was a brother of the Rev. Clement Read. Merchant and tobacco manufac- 1816] 195 turer at Farmville, Prince Edward County, and President, Farmer's Bank. Secretary and member Board of Union Seminary thirty years. Died 1871. Dr. Mcllwaine's Manuscript. Thomas Edmunds Read Son of Rev. Clement Read of Charlotte County. Died young. Dr. Mcllwaine's Manuscript. 1817 James Baber The name James Baber is found on a list of the mem- bers of the Union Society for 1816-1817. And in the Prince- ton Seminary catalogue, James Baber is accredited to Hamp- den Sidney College. The record as given in the Princeton Seminary Catalogue is that James Baber, born in Hanover County, 1794, after having studied at Hampden Sidney Col- lege was a student at the Associate Reformed Seminary in New York, and was then, 1819-1821, at Princeton Seminary. He was a Presbyterian minister in Maryland, Virginia [Port Republic 1832, and also a teacher there: Tygart's Valley, 1833], Pennsylvania, and the District of Columbia. Mr. Baber died at Columbus, Ohio, in 1863. It is an interesting fact that the Union Society, from 1812 on towards 1820, was composed largely of students who were at Hampden Sidney primarily for theological studies. The list of members from June, 1817, to November, 1818, was about as follows : — Robert N. Anderson, John 0. Baker, James H. Brookes, Hugh Caldwell, Thomas Caldwell, John N. Camp- bell, John M. Fulton, John N. Gordon, James G. Hamner, Benjamin A. Hutcheson, James H. C. Leach, Joseph Nimmo, Daniel A. Penick, Walter S. Pharr, James B. Stafford, James Wharey [June, 1817] : Josiah Harris, Cyrus Johnston, Wil- liam H. Pollard, John M. Erwin, William Hammersley, Jo- seph S. Edie, James Houghteling, [Nov., 1817] : Jesse S. Armistead, Joseph S. Baker, Thomas Davis, James Duncan, Henry N. Pharr, William S. White, Allen D. Metcalf [Nov., 1818]. And earlier there had been James Baber, Daniel Baker, William C. Walton, &c. William I. B. Bedford July 23, 1836, there was formed at Prince Edward Court House [see Farmers' Register, IV, 315] a Mineralogical So- 1817] 197 ciety of Virginia. Richard N. Venable was president, and Dr. William S. Morton was secretary. Among the members whose names have been preserved (half of these Trustees of Hampden Sidney College), was William I. B. Bedford, of Charlotte County [and then of Mecklenburg County], who had been a student at Hampden Sidney in 1817 : late enough no doubt, to hear young Mr. Cushing talk about geology in a modern manner. In 1818, Henry Bedford of Charlotte was a student at Hampden Sidney, and in 1825, Stephen Bedford, also of Charlotte. Thomas Bedford of Charlotte County died in 1785, whose son Stephen had a son Stephen who died in 1856. No Bedfords have been students at Hampden Sidney College since 1825. Calendar of Board Minutes, p. 114. Statement of William S. Morton of Charlotte County, 1920. It was probably William I. B. Bedford who told the story given by Bouldin as illustrative of some of John Randolph's drastic methods. Mr. Randolph wanted a piece of land be- longing to Mr. Howell Read. There were some old graves on the land. Finally Mr. Randolph persuaded Mr. Read to sell the land. They met to draw up the papers. After the trans- fer had been all legally made, Mr. Randolph turned on Mr. Read and upbraided him sharply for selling the graves of his ancestors. Mr. Bedford was present, and he said that it seemed to him a very unwarranted incivility. It is well to remember that John Randolph was passing through Prince Edward Court House or the village of Hampden Sidney any time during nearly thirty years of the period covered by this book. Samuel Harrington Gordon b. 1797, d. 1852. Son of Nathaniel Gordon of Gordonsville, Orange County, and grandson of Col. James Gordon of Lan- caster County. Samuel H. Gordon studied medicine, prac- ticed for a time at Newbern in what is now Pulaski County, 198 [1817 and then about 1836 went out to Missouri, settling first at Danville and in 1846 removing to St. Louis, where he remained until his death. Gordons in Virginia, by A. C. Gordon, p. 52. John Irvine John and Edmund Irvine were members of the Philan- thropic Society at Hampden Sidney College in 1817. It is likely they both came to college from Bedford County. Ed- mund Irvine apparently made his home at Milton, North Carolina, and possibly it was his son and grandson that were at Hampden Sidney, 1856 and 1892. Samuel R. Irvine, of Lynchburg, was a student at Hampden Sidney College, 1822 ; Robert Irvine of Bedford County, 1823-1825 ; and James Irvine of Bedford, graduated at Hampden Sidney in 1828, having come to college in 1824. ' Among the early settlers of Bedford County were three brothers, David, Christopher, and William Irvine, who are said to have come originally from Ireland. Of their sons, several removed to Kentucky along with their relations, the McDowells. General Irvine McDowell of the United States army was of this connection.' Brown, p. 369. Green, Some Historic Families of Kentucky, 75. Could the late Alexander Brown have given six months of his time to making a catalogue of Hampden Sidney College before 1830, the work would have stood for a long time. John Campbell Morton b. 1795. Son of Captain Hezekiah Morton of Prince Ed- ward County. A student at Hampden Sidney College from 1812 apparently as late as 1817. Very active in the affairs of the Philanthropic Society. Lived beyond middle age. Lost his mind some years before his death. 1817] 199 Thomas Shelton Born about 1800 in Louisa County. Entered Hampden Sidney 1816. M. D. in Philadelphia. Excellent physician, Louisa County. Never married. Died just before the Civil war. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. William H. Venable b. Feb. 22, 1798, d. Aug. 12, 1856. Son of Richard N. Venable of Prince Edward County. Entered Hampden Sid- ney, 1816. Merchant and farmer, living for most of his life at Prince Edward Court House. Mr. Venable died at a farm he had purchased near Hampden Sidney, called "Hickory Grove." He was an elder in the Presbyterian church and thoroughly of the New School party. He was a man of large business and very methodical. James Wickham At Hampden Sidney College around 1816. Probably an uncle of Williams C. Wickham of Hanover County (1820- 1888), general in the Confederate army, president of the Virginia Central [Chesapeake and Ohio] Railway, &c. James Wickham was a member of the Philanthropic Society at Hampden Sidney College. An approximate list of members of the Philanthropic Society around 1816 will bear out the statement that at that time, in contrast to the Union Society, the personnel of the Philanthropic Society was very little theological: viz. — Edward Dillon, Clement Read, Jesse H. Patillo, William H. McFarland, John Flood Edmunds, Abram W. Venable, William Dunbar, Thomas P. Hoge, George Wright, Joseph Royall, Peter Hales, William I. B. Bedford, John Clapper, Thomas E. Watkins, William Linn, John Ligon, Nathaniel Moorman, Thomas Perkinson, George M. Y. Miller, Thomas E. Read, Henry E. Scott, Paul Carrington, Harvey Mitchell, Peter Guerrant, James Wickham, James Dillon, 200 [1817 Thomas Shelton, John Woodson, Samuel K. Rice, Edmund Irvine, John Irvine, Edward O. Friend, John C. Morton, Harrington Gordon, Archibald Carter, William H. Elliott, Thomas G. Coleman, John B. Clauselle, &c. The Union So- ciety was substantially of the church; the Philanthropic So- ciety was of the world. But of course there is no such abso- lute line to be drawn, as some people say in Ireland today. 1818 Robert N. Anderson b. Cumberland County; student, Hampden Sidney College about 1818; licensed by Hanover Presbytery, 1819; never held a pastoral charge ; lived in retirement many years before his death. Died in 1872. Union Seminary Catalogue. Bobert N. Anderson was at Hampden Sidney as early as 1813 (Union Society Minutes). He was one of the organizers in 1818 of the Society of Inquiry on the Subject of Missions. John Nicholson Campbell Born in Philadelphia, March 4th, 1798. A student at the University of Pennsylvania and for a time teacher of the languages at Hampden Sidney College [no doubt studying theology under Dr. Hoge]. Was licensed to preach by the Presbytery of Hanover, May, 1817, and preached for awhile in Petersburg, Va., and in Newberne, North Carolina. In Newberne he was instrumental in establishing a church. Chosen chaplain to Congress in 1820, he discharged the duties of the office with unusual acceptability. In 1823 he became assistant to the venerable Dr. Balch of Georgetown, and in 1828 took charge of the New York Avenue Church in Wash- ington. There was trouble in the congregation about 1829, on account of the Cabinet controversy. President Jackson gave up his pew in the church, and Mr. Campbell resigned. In January, 1825, he was elected one of the managers of the American Colonization Society, and discharged the duties of the office most efficiently for about six years. Dr. Campbell died March 27th, 1864. His character, both intellectual and moral, was strongly marked. His mind was uncommonly ver- satile, with a firmness that never yielded in essentials. His 202 [1818 remarkable executive power, in connection with his great familiarity with ecclesiastical rule, gave him a decided in- fluence in the councils of his church, so far as he mingled with them. Nevin, Presbyterian Encyclopaedia. John McKee Erwin b. 1789, d. 1840. A native of Mecklenburg County, North Carolina; prepared for college at John Makemie Wilson's Cabarrus County School, John M. Erwin graduated at Athens College (University of Georgia) in 1816. He was then at Hampden Sidney for theology under Dr. Hoge, was licensed to preach by Hanover Presbytery in 1818, was for eighteen years pastor of churches in North and South Carolina (Con- cord, N. C, 1821-1828; Williamsburg, S. C, 1828-1834), and then going out to Arkansas in 1839, he died there the next year. Charles W. Friend Born in Chesterfield County, June 28, 1801. Entered Hampdem Sidney 1817. Farmer and local preacher (Meth- odist). Died in Chesterfield County, June 15, 1874. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. Glover D. Gilliam Dr. Gilliam (M. D., University of Pennsylvania, 1823), practiced in Buckingham, Cumberland and Prince Edward counties. His home was in Buckingham County. John Newton Gordon b. 1793, d. 1870. Son of Nathaniel Gordon of Orange County. In 1818, John N. Gordon was a member of the Society of Inquiry on Missions established by the theological students of the Synod's school at Hampden Sidney. He left 1818] 203 college on account of bad health. Mr. Gordon spent his life mainly in Richmond, as a merchant. He was an elder in John Holt Rice's church at Richmond. For a time he was a farmer in New Kent County. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. James Henry Cosden Leach Born in Stafford County, July 15, 1791; at Hampden Sidney College 1815-1818, carrying on college studies and studies in theology • pastor of Presbyterian Church at Gerards- town, [West] Virginia, 1819-1824; then settled in Cumber- land County, for a few years without any definite pastoral work ; from 1843 to 1860, pastor of Cumberland Church, New School; died Sept. 4th, 1866 at his home in Cumberland County. Dr. Leach was a man of marked character, both as a minister and as a business organizer. He was an excellent farmer, and was the owner of a large farm in Cumberland County, a mile or two from the Prince Edward line. For a time he was president of the Farmers' Bank at Farmville. Dr. Leach was for some years a member of the Board of Union Seminary, and as secretary of the Board in 1830 he framed a courteous refusal on the part of his Board to sell the Seminary property to the Board of Trustees of Hampden Sidney College. This offer to purchase in 1830, and the care- ful consideration of the offer, form one of the problems in the history of the village. George H. Matthews A contributor to Johnston's Old Virginia Clerks, speaking of the Buckingham bar in 1846, said: "It was the first day of the Circuit Court, April 5th. The docket was very large and the cases important. Judge Daniel A. Wilson was pre- siding. In turning to the bar the eye rested upon Sterling Claiborne of Nelson; Joseph K. Irving of Amherst; Charles L. Mosby of Lynchburg; Thomas S. Bocoek of Appomattox; Wm. Cabell Flournoy, Stephen 0. Southell, and John T. 204 [1818 Thornton of Prince Edward; Willis Wilson, and Francis D. Irving of Cumberland; George H. Matthews and Joseph Fuqua of Buckingham." It has recently been established that Judge Wilson was an alumnus of Hampden Sidney Col- lege. All the others mentioned were alumni of the college, a pretty strong association. Thomas S. Bocock and Judge F. D. Irving were living in 1888. The others were dead. Mr. Matthews, it is likely, lived in Buckingham County. He was a member of the Philanthropic Society at Hampden Sidney, and is assigned to Cumberland County on the catalogue of that society. Geo. H. Matthews was a son-in-law of Thomas Miller of Powhatan, an interested Trustee of Hampden Sid- ney College. Moses P. Handy, so conspicuous in the man- agement of the Chicago World's Fair, married a daughter of Mr. Matthews. Joseph Nimmo b. near Norfolk, 1798 ; d. 1865. At Hampden Sidney Col- lege around 1818. In January of that year a member of the Society of Inquiry on the Subject of Missions. Entered Princeton Seminary in 1822, and took the three years' course. Mr. Nimmo was a minister of the Presbyterian church in Virginia for a year or two, but spent most of his life in the State of New York, especially on Long Island, as pastor and as teacher. He died at Huntington, Long Island. Princeton Seminary Catalogue. James Nimmo, died 1833, was a very able lawyer at Norfolk (Grigsby's Tazewell, 29-31). In 1818, John Owen of Norfolk County, a relation of the Keelings and the Nimmos of that county, set out for Alabama. His journal runs — "Nov. 2, 1818, started 20 minutes before 9, roads tolerable — got to Prince Edward, and encamped nigh Miller's Tavern at a good place — all well — wind to south and warm. 1818] 205 Nov. 3. Passed Prince Edward C. H., and at night camped at Buffalo River, 2 miles above Hampden Sidney College, where J. Nimmo came in and tarried all night with us." Southern Hist. Association Publications, Vol. I, 89-92. James Wharey b. 1789, d. 1842. His parents, Thomas and Letitia (Denney) Wharey, were residents of Rutherford County, North Caro- lina. James Wharey was taught at home by a clergyman who lived in his father's house for awhile, and then by the Rev. Joseph D. Kilpatrick of Iredell County. He began his studies after he had reached his twenty-first year. About 1813, he came to Hampden Sidney for work in theology under Dr. Hoge, and maintained himself at college by teaching several children in the family of the steward. He was perhaps Tutor in the college towards 1818. He must have been at Hampden Sidney at least five years, and no doubt brought James H. Brookes to the college. Early in 1818 James Wharey was vice-president of the Society for Inquiry on the Subject of Missions. In the autumn of that year he settled as teacher and preacher at New Glasgow, Amherst County. His chief supporter there was Dr. James Brown, a brother of Thomas Brown, the Scotch metaphysician. Having married a daugh- ter of Major James Morton of Prince Edward County, Mr. Wharey spent some time about 1820 at the home of his father- in-law, and during 1821 was chaplain to the college and pastor of the college church. For eighteen years until his death, he was pastor of churches in Goochland County. Mr. Wharey was the author [1840] of a manual of church history long used as a text book at Union Seminary. His sons, Thomas and James Morton Wharey were graduates of Hampden Sid- ney College and well-known ministers of the Presbyterian church. Sprague IV, 601-604. 18X9 "Extract of a letter from the Rev. Pliny Fisk, dated Virginia, June 21, 1819 — Yesterday we kept Sabbath with the venerable Dr. Hoge, at Hampden Sidney College. This institution, though perhaps but little known, is still a highly interesting one. Fifteen or sixteen years ago, the Hanover Presbytery founded a Theological Seminary in connexion with it. For several years this has been under the care and patronage of the Synod of Virginia. The Rev. Dr. Hoge, the present worthy and able President, has been at the head of the establishment about twelve years, during which time about thirty young men have finished their literary and theological studies, and entered the ministry. Nearly all these are now alive. Many others have received a literary education. The present number of students is between forty and fifty, [63 that year] more than twenty [?] of whom are preparing for the ministry. These students have a Theological Society for their improvement in Divine Knowledge. There is also in the college a Society of Inquiry on Missions, consisting of ten or twelve members, who meet frequently to discuss missionary questions. Dr. Hoge is now assisted in his labours by Mr. Morgan, from the Theological Seminary at Princeton, and Mr. Cushing from Dartmouth College." See Dr. Rice's Literary and Evangelical Magazine, vol. II, p. 389. Mr. Fisk, the writer of this letter, sailed from Boston for Smyrna, early in November following. He went out as a missionary, and died at Beirut in 1825. He was a native of Massachusetts, and had fitted himself to preach in Italian, French, Greek and Arabic. John 0. Baker Perhaps a brother of Daniel Baker. At Hampden Sidney as early as 1814, and as late as 1818, in January, 1818, being one of the organizers of the Society of Inquiry on the Subject of Missions. Daniel Baker says: "About this time [fall of 1816], with my brother John — leaving my wife with her mother in Prince Edward County — I paid a visit to my friends and relatives in Liberty County, Georgia Leaving Liberty County, still in company with my brother John, I returned to Prince Edward. During my absence in Georgia, a letter had been sent to me at Prince Edward, in- viting me to become Seamen's preacher in the city of New York." Autobiography of Daniel Baker, p. 95, p. 97. 1819] 207 Dr. Baker and his brother John apparently made this journey to Georgia in October, 1816, the fall vacation month. Peter Randolph Bland Peter Randolph Bland of Amelia County, died in 1784, leaving two sons, Richard and Peter [Amelia County records] . Peter Randolph Bland, the son of Richard Bland, was born in Nottoway County, Dec. 9, 1800. His early education was carefully attended to, and he graduated with honor at Hamp- den Sidney College. Several of his family were members of the bar and he was thus prompted to study law. He became a member of the legal profession, and was successful, especi- ally in criminal cases. In 1825 he joined the Presbyterian church in Nottoway, and was ordained an elder. In 1829 he removed to Fayette County, Tennessee, and settled in the place where he died. Shortly after his removal he began the study of theology with his pastor, and was licensed as a min- ister in April, 1831. His work was that of a missionary in his neighborhood, organizing churches. For some time he was chairman of the Education Committee of Western District Presbytery. He died July 24, 1859. Presbyterian Historical Almanac: 1861, p. 79. James Hall Brookes b. 1794, d. 1833. Son of John Ward Brookes of Iredell County, North Carolina. John Ward Brookes was a Metho- dist. His wife, Margaret Houston, was a Presbyterian, born in Scotland. In January, 1818, James H. Brookes was at Hampden Sidney College, doubtless chiefly for work in the- ology under Dr. Hoge. January, 1818, Mr. Brookes was chosen treasurer of the Society of Inquiry on the Subject of Missions, a society established at that time by "the theological students of the Synod's School at Hampden Sidney." In 1824 Mr. Brookes was clerk of the Presbytery of Hanover. He was then perhaps living in Fluvanna County, where his two oldest children were born. Shortly before 1830 he re- 208 [1819 moved to Pulaski, Tennessee, to take charge of a flourishing Presbyterian congregation. In 1831 he went to Cincinnati to build up a new church there, but returned to Pulaski, and died of cholera in June, 1833. James H. Brookes, D. D., of St. Louis, was his youngest son. While living in Virginia, Mr. Brookes had married a daughter of the Rev. Drury Lacy. Senator Spencer of Missouri, married a granddaughter of Mr. Brookes. Williams, Life of James H. Brookes [Jr.]. St. Louis, 1897. Ms. record of J. Brookes Smith, some time Professor at Hampden Sidney College. Richard Kenner Cralle Son of Richard K. Cralle of Lunenburg County. Richard K. Cralle, Jr., was private secretary for a time to John C. Calhoun, and was Calhoun's literary executor. It is said that he was a relation of Mr. Calhoun. He brought out the "Life and Works of Calhoun," New York, 1853-55. Six volumes. Richard K. Cralle was for awhile a journalist in Washington, D. C. (editor of the Washington Telegraph, and in 1844 chief clerk of the State Department), and a Swedenborgian teacher or clergyman. He was the author of some New Church pub- lications. It is supposed that Nathaniel F. Cabell became a Swedenborgian through Mr. Cralle 's influence. They were connections by marriage. Richard K. Cralle died in Virginia, June 10, 1864. He was a student at Hampden Sidney about 1819 and at William and Mary, 1820. Brown, Cabells, &e., p. 544. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. James Garland Hamner b. 1798, d. 1887. Son of Samuel Hamner of Albemarle County, who about 1800 settled in Charlotte County. Jan- uary, 1818, James G. Hamner was a member of the Society of Inquiry on the Subject of Missions, made up of the the- ological students of the Synod's School at Hampden Sidney. 1819] 209 1820-1823 he was a student at Princeton Seminary. For two years after 1824 he was pastor of Old Pole Green Church (a famous church) in Hanover County. He was then for three years in Fayetteville, North Carolina. From 1830 to 1852, Dr. Hamner was in Maryland, for most of that time pastor of the Second Presbyterian Church of Baltimore. Pastor of a church at New Haven, Connecticut from 1855 to 1860, and then pastor of the Park Street Church, Newark, New Jersey, until the outbreak of the war. Dr. Hamner was not again pastor of any church, but spent his time for many years as an evangelist in Maryland and Virginia. The Rev. Dr. James G. Hamner of Delaware, Pennsylvania, Maryland and West Virginia (Parkersburg), was his son. Henry N. Pharr On a list of names (Union Society Minutes, II, 249) Henry N. Pharr is written down with the title A. B. He had been prepared for college at John Makemie Wilson's School in Cabarrus County, North Carolina. Henry N. Pharr was a native of that county. He was for about twenty years pastor of the Presbyterian Church at Concord, North Carolina ; then for six years until 1860, a minister in Alabama. Mr. Pharr died in 1862, in North Carolina. He was a member of the Board of Trustees of Davidson College from 1838 to 1850. James B. Stafford A native of Cabarrus County, North Carolina and prepared for college at John Makemie Wilson's School. He was one of Dr. Hoge's theological students at Hampden Sidney, but was a student at the college perhaps four years. Settling in Mississippi in 1836, he died there, at Danville, in 1860. Union Seminary Catalogue lists James Stafford as a graduate of Hampden Sidney College, 1818. Graduates of Hampden Sid- ney, as of Washington and Lee, are traceable with difficulty from 1815 to 1819. There were certainly very few during that period at either institution. 1820 Edward A. Cabell b. 1797, d. 1869. Son of Col. William Cabell, Jr., of 'Union Hill,' Nelson County. Educated at William and Mary [and at Hampden Sidney, about 1820]. Studied law under Judge Tucker, but never practiced. Settled on a large estate left him by his father, in Amherst County. Vestryman of Lex- ington Parish for many years after 1824. Member of the Virginia legislature 1837-40. In 1841 appointed by President Tyler to a position in the General Land Office at Washington. Chief Clerk of the Land Office for some years before 1861. 'His office brought him much in contact with members of Congress from the west, among whom was Mr. Lincoln, to whom he became much attached, and of whom he always spoke with much respect. When Mr. Lincoln became President, he asked Mr. Cabell to remain in his federal office, but he did not think he could conscientiously do so. He returned to Virginia to share the fortunes of the State in the impending war.' He died at 'Norwood,' the residence of his nephew in Amherst County. Brown, p. 379. Peter G. Camden Judge Taylor's Needham Law School in Cumberland County, a short distance from Farmville was active about a hundred years ago. In 1822 Judge Taylor published a "Journal of the Law School and of the Moot-Court attached to it, at Needham in Virginia." 8vo. pp. 371. In his Preface dated January 7th, 1821, Judge Taylor [at the time Judge of the Superior Courts of Chancery for the Richmond and Lynch- burg Districts], after describing the commonsense method of his school, gave some idea of the site and the accessibility. He said : ' ' Needham is in a very elevated and healthy country, 1820] 211 on the road leading from the city of Washington, crossing James River at Cartersville, and Appomattox at Farmville, to Milledgeville in the State of Georgia, within three miles and a half of Raine 's Tavern on the stage road from Rich- mond to Lynchburg. The school will be limited to fifteen students, until Farmville, a little village now rising into com- mercial notice, can afford all the necessary and convenient accommodations for the students and the court; and when this shall be the case, the court will be held in that place." Needham was the name of the farm. Peter G[uerrant] Cam- den of Amherst County is listed as a student at this school year 1821. On the Philanthropic Society Catalogue of 1850 he is set down as of Richmond. "William Camden came to Amherst about 1761, and settled at a place he called 'Green- way.' He was in some way connected with the Fairfaxes of Greenway Court." Brown, 386. And see Seharf, History of St. Louis (1883) vol. I, biographical sketch of Mayor Camden: — Peter G. Camden, b. Amherst County, Vir- ginia, 1801. His father, William Camden, and his mother, both dying early, was adopted by an uncle. Studied law under Chancellor Taylor, in Cumberland County, and in 1827 removed to Missouri. Becoming interested in the Sante Fe trade, he determined to settle in New Mexico, had made every preparation, but fell ill at Franklin, and abandoned the plan. He returned to Virginia, wound up his affairs, and went to Ken- tucky. He had an uncle living in Lincoln County. Practicing law with success in Lincoln County in 1830 he married his cousin, Anna Camden, and in 1837 removed to St. Louis with two brothers of his wife. He gave up the law and established the dry goods firm of J. B. and M. Camden & Co., of which he became the sole owner in 1840. In 1843 he went into the provision business and in 1858 became a general commission mer- chant. In 1846 he was elected mayor of St. Louis by the Old American or Know Nothing party and served one term. Mayor Camden was living in 1866, at which time he was a member of the Missouri Historical So- ciety. He was a Baptist in religion. We should be glad to have some descendant of Mayor Camden say in so many words that he was a student at Hampden Sidney College. John B. Clauselle Clausel Clausel, a justice of Mecklenburg County, died in 1801. There was early a sprinkling of French names in Meek- 212 [1820 lenburg County. John B. Clauselle, a graduate of Hampden Sidney College 1820, may have been a son of Alexander or of Joseph B. Clausel, sons of Clausel Clausel. It is possible that John B. Clauselle settled in West Tennessee. Thomas Davis August 25, 1820, honorary membership was conferred by the Union Society on Thomas Davis, ' about to leave this place. ' Thomas Davis is listed A. B. on the earliest general catalogue of Hampden Sidney College. Apparently he was a Presby- terian minister, coming to Hampden Sidney after preparation at John M. Wilson's school in Cabarrus County, North Car- olina. Dr. Foote in his Sketches of North Carolina, p. 485, enumerates certain pupils of Dr. Wilson's who were ministers. Among them are these names, taken to be those of students, theological or lay, at Hampden Sidney College: — John Silli- man, John M. Erwin, James B. Stafford, Thomas Davis, Cyrus Johnston, Henry N. Pharr, William B. Davies, Dion C. Pharr. And we will add by guess, Isaac Burns (A. B., 1812) and Midas McKinley (1815). That is to say, Cabarrus County, of all the counties of North Carolina, by reason of John Makemie Wilson, gave the most support to Hampden Sidney College before 1825. And if not Cabarrus, then Mecklenburg, of which Cabarrus was but a district. Dr. Hoge's theological seminary was already a Union Seminary: its support in per- sonnel came if anything more from North Carolina than from Virginia. William Hamner Very likely a son of William Hamner of Albemarle County, and cousin of James Garland Hamner. Lawyer. Died at Baltimore, Md., Oct., 1859. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. Woods, History of Albemarle County. 1820] 213 Josiah Harris Jesse Armistead, secretary of the Literary and Philosophical Society at Hampden Sidney College, recorded in his excellent manner the minutes of that society, meeting January 6, 1826 : ' ' On motion resolved that the society cease to subscribe for the following periodicals: Eclectic Review,^ Literary Gazette, Westminster Review, the Albion, the National Gazette, Brew- ster's Journal, the Annals of Philosophy or Philosophical Magazine. Mr. Armistead, not being prepared to read a dis- sertation, was indulged until the next meeting. He is at that time to read one on the best and safest means of removing slavery from the Southern country. The Rev. Mr. Josiah Harris, a member of this society from South Carolina, being present presented to the society a copy of the "Encyclo- paedia" published at Yorkville, S. C. On motion, resolved that the thanks of the society be presented to the proprietors of that work." [Apparently this was a magazine.] Josiah Harris, who had entered Hampden Sidney College in 1817 and graduated in 1820 [first honor, graduating speech "on the unremitted cultivation of literature"], was very likely one of the first movers in the business of establishing a Philosophical Society at Hampden Sidney. Minutes of the society (Jan. 16, 1824), set going in 1824, show that previously to the organization of this society a scheme had been proposed for the establishment of an Athenaeum or Read- ing Room at Hampden Sidney College. And further, Minutes of Jan. 30, 1824, read : — ' ' Resolved that all those individuals who were considered members of the society which it was resolved to institute on the 28th day of September, 1821, be considered as members of this society. The following is a list of their names, as appears from a record made at the date above specified, and also from another made of Sept. 27, 1822, with the exception of those who have signed the annexed constitution: Jacob T. B. Skillman, Josiah Harris, Hugh Caldwell, Daniel A. Penick, William W. Oliver, Henry N. 214 [1820 Pharr, Cyrus Johnston, Nelson Page, Edward L. Scruggs, Jesse B. Harrison, the Rev. Joseph D. Kilpatrick, Thomas Miller, Esq. of Powhatan, Henry E. Watkins, Esq., Silas Bigelow, Sherwin McRae, William H. Pollard, Rufus H. Kilpatrick, William N. Page, James G. Spears, Isaac Cochran, Andrew Hunter, and Drury Lacy." But a year before that, there was in existence a Philosophical Society at Hampden Sidney College. It was an organizing time in the community and some of the organizations made some effort to work to- gether harmoniously. "On Wednesday, the 21st of June, 1820, the delegates from the several debating societies of Hampden Sidney [a Symphonic Society was also mentioned in the proceedings] convened to negotiate on the affairs of their mission. The Philanthropic Society was represented by John B. Clauselle and Isaac Cochran, the Union Society by Daniel A. Penick, the Theological Society by Hugh Cald- well, and the Philosophical Society by Josiah Harris. The several delegates formed themselves into a committee of negotiation." [See minutes of both Literary societies.] They were to deliberate on place and time of their several meetings ; chairs, candlesticks, sand boxes, and other furniture for their meeting place. Apparently they never could agree. This is the record of Josiah Harris, as preserved locally, and there is no other item to be had elsewhere at this time. It is not unlikely that he was the Mr. Harris whom the Board of Trustees of the college thanked, Sept. 27, 1821, for his year (just ended) of 'laborious exertions in the service of the college' as Preceptor of the grammar school. Nota: Further search locally is not only corroborative of what ap- pears above, but shoves the record back another year. The ninth and last item on a manuscript programme of Commencement exercises at Hampden Sidney, Sept. 29, 1819 is — "An oration on Literary Prospects in the United States, by Josiah Harris : elected by the Philosophical Society. ' ' It appears, on reference to Dr. Howe's History, that at the organiza- tion of Bethel Presbytery, South Carolina, Josiah Harris was pastor of Ebenezer and Unity churches. In 1827 his connection with those churches was ended; "he withdrew from the Presbyterian church, possibly to join the Associate Eef ormed Church. 7 ' Dr. Howe speaks of Mr. Harris 's "fine reputation as a teacher, " but gives no facts beyond the year 1827. Josiah Harris was plainly an influential man at Hampden Sidney. 1820] 215 Robert Macon A list appearing on Union Society Minutes, under date Nov. 9, 1821 (vol. II, p. 246) shows "Robert Macon, A. B., Powhatan. ' ' Other items of this list are : ' ' Thomas Miller, A. B., Powhatan;" "John Miller, A. B., Cumberland;" "Jesse B. Harrison, A. B., Lynchburg;" "Nelson Page, A. B., Cumberland;" "Cyrus Johnston, A. B., Cabarrus, N. C." It is difficult to understand this list wholly. John Miller may be the same as John G. Miller (1811) ; Thomas C. Miller of Powhatan was a member of the Junior class in 1821 ; the other items are in place. Members of literary societies some- times engage in foolery, even for record. For instance, some- body passed himself off as a prophet on one of these minute books. He wrote, as if writing in the 20 's, that there would be a civil war in America in about forty years. But it looks as if the writing might have been done no farther back than the 60 's. So boys have been known to affix 'M. C to their names, and long after possibly were excellent Congressmen. If Robert Macon was a student at Hampden Sidney College, he has been forgotten. Very likely he was a student at Hamp- den Sidney, and a graduate. Macons were well fixed in Pow- hatan County a hundred years ago. Robert Carter Nicholas Grandson of John Nicholas of Buckingham County (brother of Robert Carter Nicholas of the Revolution) . Entered Hamp- den Sidney, 1820. Merchant. Presiding magistrate of Buck- ingham County before the Civil war. Died 1868. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. William Penick Entered Hampden Sidney in 1820. Born probably in Cum- berland County. Physician, and a very successful one, at Wetumpka, near Montgomery, Alabama, where he died. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. 216 [1820 Albert G. Smith The name Albert Smith, of Lunenburg, appears on the catalogue of the Philanthropic Society, listed under 1820. The Washington and Lee Catalogue gives under 1823, Albert G. Smith, Lunenburg. In 1827 Albert G. Smith took his medical degree at the University of Pennsylvania. Albert G. Smith, of Washington College, registered as of Lunenburg County, is written down "Physician: Pittsylvania County: Alabama: Died 1851. ,, Dr. Albert G. Smith may have been a student at Hampden Sidney. COMMENCEMENT AT HAMPDEN SIDNEY COLLEGE ON THUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 28, 1820 MUSIC 1. An Eulogy in Greek on Pericles...- By William W. Oliver* 2. An Oration on the Literature of Virginia ~ „ By N. Page* 3. A Forensic Debate on the Permanency of the American Republic, By D. A. Penick and E. Caldwell* MUSIC 4. A Poem on American Genius ~ J$y J. B. Harrison* 5. A Conference between „ J. N. Vanlear and H. N. Pharr* 6. A Satirical Oration „ _ By C. Johnston* 7. An Oration on the Superiority of Literary Eminence to Military Glory _ „.„ By W. H. Pollard* 8. An Oration on Dueling JBy I. Cochran* 9. The Philosophical Oration on the Dignity of the Mind, By J. B. Clauselle Candidate for the Bachelor's Degree 10. An Oration _ By the Rev. E. Baptist Candidate for the degree of Master of Arts MUSIC 11. An Eulogy on the Rev. Moses Hoge, Late President of Hampden Sidney College By the Bev. A. W. KUpatrieTc Candidate for the degree of Master of Arts 1820] 217 DEGREES CONFERRED MUSIC 12. An Oration on the Unremitted Cultivation of Literature, with the Valedictory Addresses ..By J. Harris Candidate for the Bachelor's Degree SACRED MUSIC PRAYER From the FranTclin Press, Richmond. * Seniors elect. Doctor Hoge died July, 1820. This is the inscription of the memorial tablet, at the Pine Street Presbyterian Church, Philadelphia [in lecture room to the right of the platform] : Near this monument Erected by filial affection Reposes all that was mortal of the REV. MOSES HOGE, D. D. President of Hampden Sidney College And Professor of Divinity in the Theological Seminary of the Synod of Virginia A man of genius, profound erudition and ardent piety He lived beloved and died lamented aged 68 years. From the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America to the General Assembly of the church in heaven his translation was accomplished July 5, 1820. Being dead, he yet speaketh" Richard North Philadelphia fecit \82l Hugh Caldwell A native of Pennsylvania, Hugh Caldwell graduated at Hampden Sidney College in 1821. He then studied two years at Princeton Seminary, and died in 1831, in the Choctaw country where he was serving as a missionary. ' ' I cherish with the tenderest affection the memory of Hugh Caldwell, although more than forty-five years have passed since January, 1819." Autobiography of William S. White, p. 26. James Duncan March 16, 1821, the Union Society conferred honorary mem- bership on "Mr. James Duncan, who is about to leave this neighborhood." The Literary societies had not begun so early as 1821 their mad quest for electioneering additamenta in the form of imposing names for their rolls, secured by writing to anybody of celebrity and asking him to sign up by letter. Soon after 1821 the quest began, and if antiquarians (to call them that) from time to time had not clipped off the signatures, there might be now in storage at Hampden Sid- ney College a considerable batch of interesting autographs. Letters of Daniel Webster, John C. Calhoun, and of many other public men are to be seen in the archives cupboard, but identification is possible chiefly by courtesy of the ab- stractors of the autographs who have left the great names in pencil to show what the temptation was. Mellificatis apes. Before the societies began their search for extraordinary honorary members, it was the custom to confer honorary membership (at times called 'graduate membership') on asso- ciates about to leave the institution. Note that in James Duncan's case he is "about to leave the neighborhood." There is a tradition that David Duncan [father of President James 1821] 219 Duncan of Randolph Macon College] , taught school about 1819 near Hampden Sidney. Maybe it was not David Dun- can, but James Duncan, his brother or near relation, that taught school at "Slate Hill," near Hampden Sidney. Andrew S. Fulton b. 1800, d. 1884. Entered Hampden Sidney College from Augusta County in 1821 ; studied law under Judge Baldwin at Staunton; settled at Abingdon, Washington County, and then at Wytheville ; member of the House of Delegates from Wythe County; representative in Congress 1847-1852, Whig; Judge, 15th circuit, for seventeen terms. Summers, Hist, of Washington County, 758. John H. Fulton Born in Augusta County; student at Hampden Sidney College; studied law under Judge Baldwin at Staunton; House of Delegates, Washington County, 1823-24; State Senate, 1829-30; elected to Congress for term 1833-35 as a Whig, and candidate for re-election; died Jan. 1836, and buried at Abingdon. Summers, History of Washington County, 757. It is possible that this record is inexact. John H. Fulton of Augusta, was a student at Judge Taylor's law school in Cumberland County, 1821. He, as well as his brother An- drew, may have been a student at Hampden Sidney. Jesse Burton Harrison b. 1805, d. 1841. Son of Samuel Jordan Harrison of Lynch- burg, a wise and successful merchant. J. B. Harrison owed his early maturity of mind in large measure to the excellent private classical schools which it was his good fortune to attend in his native town. In 1818 he went to Hampden Sidney College, where he graduated with first honor in 1821. 220 [1821 Accompanied by his classmate, Nelson Page, he went to Har- vard to hear Tieknor's lectures and to follow law studies. In 1823 he wrote a letter descriptive of Harvard to Mr. Jef- ferson, a friend of his father's. He took his B. L. at Harvard in 1825, but seems to have been predominantly interested in literature. He applied for a professorship at Chapel Hill and at the University of Virginia, but was judged too young, at least, for either place. He travelled in Europe a year or two about 1829, and talked with Goethe at Weimar. Some experience of Europe completely cured him of his academical aspirations. On the advice of his distant kinsman, Henry Clay, he settled in the South West, as lawyer and journalist, and died of yellow fever at New Orleans in his thirty-sixth year. Mr. Harrison was a man of high thought, liberal opinions, and of pronounced literary skill. See his extra- ordinary address at Hampden Sidney, in 1827, "The Pros- pects of Letters and Taste in Virginia. " Harrisons of Skimino. By Fairfax Harrison, pp. 84-143. Cyrus Johnston b. 1797, d. 1855. A native of Mecklenburg County, North Carolina; prepared for college at John Makemie Wilson's school, Cyrus Johnston after graduating at Hampden Sidney College, in 1821, studied theology under Dr. John Robinson, a learned divine and excellent man of the Mecklenburg region in North Carolina. Dr. Johnston (D. D., University of North Carolina, 1853), was pastor of churches in South Carolina; and for ten years until his death, pastor of the Presbyterian Church at Charlotte, North Carolina, at the same time acting as principal of the Charlotte Academy for girls. He was for about a dozen years a member of the Board of Trustees of Davidson College. William W. Oliver A. B., 1821. M. D., University of Pennsylvania, 1825. Dr. Oliver's home was in Mecklenburg County. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. 1821] 221 Nelson Page b. 1801, d. 1850. Son of Major Carter Page of Cumberland County. Lawyer. A. B., 1821. Trustee, Hampden Sidney College, 1825-1850. Elected to House of Delegates from Cum- berland County, 1849-50; 1850-51. Mr. Page's home was at Ca Ira, Cumberland County. He was a brother-in-law of President Cushing. Page Genealogy, p. 109. Daniel Allen Penick b. 1797, d, 1870. A native of Cumberland County, Daniel A. Penick was at college (A. B., 1821) a student of influence in a solid way, especially as a member of the Union Society. He studied three years at Princeton Seminary, was a minister about four years after 1824 in Powhatan County and then for seven years at Milton, North Carolina. In 1835 he went to Cabarrus County, North Carolina, and was pastor of Rocky River Church in that County for thirty-five years until his death. He maintained the Rocky River Academy up to the Civil War. James Perm Colonel Gabriel Penn of Amherst County, (a first cousin to John Penn, signer of the Declaration of Independence), married a daughter of Colonel Richard Callaway of Bedford County. Gabriel Penn was a relation of William Penn, the Quaker. It is to be supposed that James and George Penn of Nelson County, at Hampden Sidney 1821-1824, were des- cendants of Gabriel Penn. The Quakers were strong, and still orthodox, in the Lynchburg region something over a hundred years ago. See Brown, Cabells, 295-296. 222 [1821 John Allison Van Lear A descendant of John Van Lear who came from Holland to Philadelphia. A grandson of John Van Lear settled in Augusta County, Virginia, and he was the grandfather of John A. Van Lear, (A. B., Hampden Sidney College, 1821) who was born in Montgomery County, about four miles from the present Blacksburg. John A. Van Lear was for a good many years until his death in 1850, pastor of Mossy Creek Church, Augusta County. Foote, Sketches of Virginia, II, 38. i of E rig- As Virginia was first settled by members of the Churci land, and the emigration of dissenters not encouraged, it was more than a hundred years ere they were found in any consider- able numbers. Some years previous to the revolutionary war, the Hampden Sydney College, Gushing Foundation Rev. Samuel Davies, of Hanover county, in eonj unction with others, formed the presbytery of Hanover. The principal mass of Presbyterians then in lower Virginia was in Prince Edward and the neighboring counties, among whom were some French Huguenots, In a few years, as they increased in numbers, they determined to establish a seminary* to be conducted on Presbyte- rian .principles ; William and Mary, the only college in the state, being fostered particularly by the Episcopalians. The academy was "accordingly established in Prince Edward, at a point conve- nient for the Presbyterians of Virginia and North Carolina."* This institution was founded in 1774, and was called the Academy of Hampden Sydney. "It was chartered in 1783, and received its present name from those two martyrs of liberty, J. Hampden and A. Sydney. It was established, and has ever been supported, by the private munificence of public-spirited individuals. It has an elevated, healthy, and pleasant situation, one mile from the court- house, and 80 from Richmond. Although the institution has had to encounter many difficulties for want of funds, yet it has gen- erally been in successful operation, and has educated upwards of 2,000 young men; many of whom have been of eminent useful-- ness, and some of great abilities. More instructors have emana- 1822 Hampden Sidney College was founded in 1775, and has been principally supported by the munificence of individuals. It has received from the State two tracts of escheated land which were valued at $5,000, and has obtained at different times, as the necessities of the Institution required, the amount of $40,000 from private liberality. But nearly the whole of these funds has been expended in erecting the necessary col- lege buildings, and purchasing the Library and Philosophical Apparatus. The present funds of the Institution, exclusive of the College buildings, Library, and Chemical and Philo- sophical Apparatus, consist of 120 acres of land on which the College buildings are situated, one other small tract in the vicinity, and 48 shares of Bank Stock of the Bank of Virginia. The annual income of this property is about $200. Although the institution has had to encounter many difficulties from want of funds, yet it has generally been in successful opera- tion, and has educated upwards of 1500 young men, many of whom are of eminent usefulness in the country, and some of distinguished abilities. But the Institution suffers greatly at this time from a want of better accommodations for the students. Although the Trustees have procured by private subscription, within the last two years, $14,300, which has enabled them to commence a new building and complete 24 rooms, yet such has been the increase in the number of students that they are subjected to the great inconvenience of being crowded together to the number of 3 or 4 in a single room. To complete this building, which will be 187 feet long, 4 stories high, and contain 48 rooms for students and 5 large public rooms, will require an additional sum of 12 or 15,000 dollars. [Statement of President Cushing at p. 16 of catalogue for 1822 — catalogue as of December, the second printed catalogue issued by Hamp- den Sidney College.] 224 [1822 Napoleon Archer Born in Chesterfield County. Entered Hampden Sidney 1821. [One year, sophomore class.] A man of brilliant in- tellect. Died at Richmond, 1864. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. Joseph S. Baker Catalogues for 1821 and 1822 show the name of "J. S. Baker, Savannah, Georgia/' a member of the Junior class and then a member of the Senior class. Mr. Baker cared more for literature than for exact studies, and seems not to have graduated. At the April Exhibition of 1820 a poem on Love of Country was spoken by J. Baker. Dec. 20, 1821, Joseph S. Baker was chosen by the Union Society as perhaps its chief representative for the next following April Exhibition. At the second anniversary meeting of the Literary and Philo- sophical Society, there were orations by Dr. Rice and Joseph S. Baker, September, 1825. Dr. J. S. Baker was the poet designate for the eighth anniversary meeting of the Literary and Philosophical Society, September, 1831. About that time Dr. Baker may be traced through business in which he was involved, items of which are recorded at Prince Edward Court House. He had bought a large plantation on the Appomattox River not far from Petersburg — possibly two plantations, "Cobbs" and "Mount Airy" in Chesterfield County. About the same time he also had some interest in property at Rice- borough, Liberty County, Georgia. Therefore, he may have been a relation of Daniel Baker. James Coles Bruce b. 1806, d. 1865. Son of James Bruce of Halifax County, who had made his own fortune and died one of the wealthiest men of his time in the country at large. James Bruce was many years a Trustee of Hampden Sidney College. James 1822] 225 C. Bruce was a student at Hampden Sidney, 1821-1822. Going to the University of North Carolina, he graduated there in 1825. The session of 1827 he was at the University of Virginia, probably for law. He was also for a short time at Harvard. He was a Whig in politics, and seldom held any public office. One of the greatest slaveholders in the South, his mature opinion was that the best policy in regard to the blacks was gradual emancipation. He thought that the white people of the South were by all odds the chief losers by slavery. (July 4, 1847 address, cf. Howison, History of Virginia, II, 519). Mr. Bruce was not in sympathy with the agitators for a civil war. He was a member of the Secession Convention of Virginia, but until the invasion of Virginia was no secession man. He knew how to make a speech and how to write. See his Alumni Society address at the University of Virginia, 1840 (society organized in 1838) and his interesting and humorous letter on agriculture to the agricultural bureau of the Patent Office about 1850. James C. Bruce lived at a place called 'Berry Hill' in Halifax County, a very fine place. Virginia Historical Magazine, XI, 331-332. Patrick Henry Cabell "Born at 'Union Hill,' July, 1804; educated at home and at the school of Rev. John Hendren until 1814; in 1816-17 went to school to William L. Harris ; in 1817-1819 lived with Hon. Thomas S. McClelland in Lynchburg and went to school ; 'board and tuition one year $150' (name of teacher not men- tioned in Mr. McClelland 's account). From March 1820, to March 1821, lived with Mr. John J. Flournoy and went to school to Mr. Venable in Prince Edward; board $75 and tuition $30. From March 1821, to March 1822, at Hampden Sidney College; board $100 and tuition $30. On May 29, 1822, Mr. Flournoy wrote to his father, Col. William Cabell, "I rode with Patrick today to college, he gets a room on the lower floor, under one of the teachers, which I think a good situation for study. I obtained from Mr. Cushing the ex- 226 [1822 penses of the summer session, $62. ' ' Site for the New College building was chosen in March, 1822. In September following, Mr. Flournoy wrote, "Patrick was unfortunately taken sick a few days before the examination. The president says he has conducted himself in an orderly manner. ' ' Patrick Cabell died at 'Union Hill,' November 22, 1824. Brown, p. 396. Wilson Miles Cary Born in 1806; at Hampden Sidney in 1822-23 (Freshman class) ; and at the University of Virginia in 1825. On the printed catalogue for 1822, the name appears as 'W. M. Cary, Fluvanna.' This was probably Wilson Miles Cary, a son of Wilson Cary of "Oak Hill," Fluvanna County. That family, as a whole, went to the Southwest, to Mississippi. See Sally Cary. By Wilson Miles Cary [of Baltimore] with notes by Fairfax Harrison.. New York, 1916, p. 88. Isaac Cochran b. 1798, d. 1879. Born at Londonderry, Vermont ; a student at Middlebury College, Vermont, Isaac Cochran, like so many other New Englanders, came South as a teacher. In 1818 he was teaching in Currituck County, North Carolina. His name does not appear on the printed catalogues of Hampden Sidney College, 1821-1822, but from programmes presented it is evident that he was a student at the college 1820-1822. His graduating address in 1822 was, "The Influence of Mis- sionaries on Literature and Civilization." It is possible that he expanded this into a book, but if so, the book cannot at once be traced. Mr. Cochran was for more than forty years pastor of Buffalo Church, Prince Edward County. James Herron Dillon Edward Dillon of 'Sandyford,' Prince Edward County [a little above Farmville] died in 1816. The tradition is that he was a near relation of the Earl of Roscommon of those 1822] 227 times, and was involved in the Irish revolution of '98. He left a pretty large estate, lands in Virginia, Tennessee and Kentucky, &c. He named seven sons in his will: Edward Davies, James Herron, Patrick Henry, John Gilliam, Richard Macon, Watkins Leigh, and Alexander Steptoe. James H. Dillon was a member of the Senior class at Hampden Sidney in 1822. Edward Dillon was a student at Hampden about 1815 ; John G. Dillon in 1825 ; and Alexander Dillon towards 1832. At least two of the Dillons were physicians settled in Prince Edward County. James H. Dillon is written down M. D. on the Philanthropic Society Catalogue, as is John G. Dillon on the Union Society catalogue. Alexander Dillon was certainly a physician. Old residents of Prince Edward County recall the two doctors Dillon of the county, both per- haps bachelors. But James H. Dillon, M. D., (University of Virginia, 1841) may have been a son of one of Edward Dillon's sons, and the entry on the Philanthropic Society catalogue a confusion. "The tall form, the ruddy face, the thin grey locks of Dr. Dillon, how familiar and how welcome they are and have been for ever so many years to the whole country side near Farm- ville. I was with ' ' Dr. Jim ' ' in his quaint old house ' Sandy- ford,' the scene of unbounded hospitality during the days of the Randolphs, on one of those terrific nights in the winter of '55-6." See "A Piece About Doctors," by Geo. W. Bagby. Joel Watkins Dupuy b. 1800, d. 1854. Son of Captain John Dupuy, who lived near the Welsh Track Meeting House (now Bethlehem Church) in Prince Edward County. Entered Hampden Sid- ney in 1821. Studied medicine with Dr. Mettauer and at Jefferson Med. College, Philadelphia. Lived and practiced his profession near Darlington Heights, Prince Edward 228 [1822 County. Died in Tennessee, at the home of his brother-in-law, James H. Dupuy, having gone out to Arkansas to look over the country there with a view to purchase. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. Dupuy Genealogy. Richard Fretwell Son of Alexander Fretwell of Albemarle County, and brother-in-law of John Barksdale (1825). Richard Fretwell 's home in Albemarle was on the east side of Dudley's Mountain, About 1840 he removed to Lewis County, West Virginia. He had ten children. Woods, History of Albemarle County, p. 197. John Mark Fulton In 1822 John M. Fulton was a member of the Senior class at Hampden Sidney College. He was living at his father's house, which must have been near the college. The catalogue of Union Seminary lists the name of John M. Fulton, 'a stu- dent at Hampden Sidney 1816-1822,' but does not give him the title of Bachelor. Mr. Fulton was a minister of the Pres- byterian church at Buckingham Court House (1825-1829) ; in Pulaski County (1830-1834). From 1836 to 1840 he was in charge of churches near Columbus, Ohio ; and then removed to Iowa. He died in 1852 at Weston, Missouri. Abner Williamson Gay Born in Rutherford County, North Carolina. At Hampden Sidney 1821-1822. An advertisement in the Fayetteville Journal, Dec. 1826, announcing the work of Smithfield Acad- emy (Johnston County, North Carolina), under the superin- tendence of the Rev. Abner W. Gay, includes a testimonial regarding Mr. Gay's scholarship, signed by W. W. Blauvelt, 1822] 229 clerk of the Faculty of Hampden Sidney College. During 1828 and 1829 Mr. Gay was Principal of the Wilkesborough Academy, Wilkes County, North Carolina. North Carolina Schools and Academies, 194, 637, 638. Thomas D. Hudson Born, Montgomery County, 1798. Entered Hampden Sid- ney, 1819. In 1821 Thomas D. Hudson was listed in the printed catalogue as a member of the Senior class: 'student of theology and died before completing the course, in Bedford County, Sept. 3, 1822.' [Dr. Hooper's Manuscript.] It is difficult to understand this. Dr. Hoge had died the summer of 1820. Thomas Hudson must have been a regular student of the college, perhaps expecting to be a minister of the church. Andrew Hunter b. 1804, d. 1888. Son of David Hunter of Berkeley County, Virginia [now "West Virginia] . Andrew Hunter seems to have spent nearly ten years at Hampden Sidney, but if he was born in 1804 he could hardly have commenced studies at Hampden Sidney in 1812, when the name first appears on the records. These are little problems for the solving. At any rate, An- drew Hunter was several years a student at Hampden Sidney, graduating with first honor (if the Valedictorian was the first honor man then), in the year 1822. Andrew Hunter, of a vigorous race, was a learned lawyer, really a student of the law. He was a Whig in politics, and was for many years counsel for the Baltimore and Ohio railroad. In 1850 he was a member of the Convention. The indictment and prosecution of John Brown in 1859 was part of Mr. Hunter's business. He handled the case with exact justice; and with so little acrimony that John Brown asked him to write his will. Sen- ator Voorhees was at the trial, counsel on the other side, and described it as * • the most temperate and conservative judicial 230 [1822 tribunal ever convened when all the surrounding circum- stances are considered." In 1864 Mr. Hunter's cousin, Gen. David Hunter, took particular pains to burn down Mr. Hun- ter's house near Harper's Ferry. On rebuilding, Mr. Hunter had a small niche left for a statuette of the General. But civil wars are not the only discouraging manifestations of human nature. Sketch by Dr. Hopkins in Kaleidoscope, 1908. Southern Hist. Publications, I, 165-195. Drury Lacy b. 1802, d. 1884. Son of Drury Lacy, in 1802 (having with- drawn from the direction of Hampden Sidney College) living at "Ararat," Prince Edward County, where he was conduct- ing a school in some sense a competitor of Hampden Sidney. Trained at his father's school, Drury Lacy spent a year at Washington College (of which his father had been elected a Trustee in 1791) ; and then a year at Hampden Sidney, grad- uating at Hampden Sidney in 1822. He then taught four or five years, entered Union Seminary in 1827 and finished the course there in three years. Pastor of a church at Newberne, North Carolina, 1834-1837, and at Raleigh, North Carolina, 1837-1855, Dr. Lacy was from 1855 to 1861 President of Davidson College, North Carolina. During the Civil War Dr. Lacy was a chaplain in the Confederate army. After the war, he returned to Raleigh, and spent his declining years as teacher, and in preaching to vacant churches in that neighborhood. The sum of the evidence is that Dr. Lacy was a truly benevolent man. It is enteresting to recall that while he was at Newberne, Dr. Lacy prepared for Hampden Sidney College, his nephew the late Dr. Moses D. Hoge of Richmond. Stierwin McRae Born in Henrico County, a grandson of the Rev. Christo- pher Macrae, minister of Littleton Parish, Cumberland County. 1822] 231 Entered Hampden Sidney 1820. A. B., 1822 : first honor ( ?) . Lawyer. Member of the House of Delegates, from Hen- rico County, 1839-1846. Colonel, 4th Reg. Virginia Militia before the civil war. Drilled a number of cavalry regiments at the beginning of the war. Colonel McRae 's interest in antiquarian matters is traceable as far back as 1871, when he published an article in the Old Dominion Magazine on the history of the Virginia State Capitol. In 1872 he issued as a State document an essay : ' ' Washington — his person as repre- sented by artists. ' ' In 1875 Col. McRae began to occupy him- self with the condition, arrangement and publication of the manuscript material in the State Library. He made several reports to the legislature on that subject, and did much to further the publication of Dr. Palmer's " Calendar of State Papers." Colonel McRae died in 1889. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. Swem, Bibliography of Virginia, Part III. William Nelson Page b. 1803. Son of Major Carter Page of Cumberland County. A. B., 1822. Professor of the Latin Language and Roman Literature, Hampden Sidney College, 1827-1829. Principal of Anne Smith Academy, Lexington, for a good many years. About 1839 Mr. Page had a school at Ca Ira, Cumberland County. Dr. George W. Bagby was at school there, very likely after the breaking up of Mr. Ballentine's school at Prince Edward Court House. Samuel Pannill It is not impossible that Samuel Pannill of Campbell Coun- ty (at Hampden Sidney College, 1822, as an irregular student, not a candidate for a degree) was Samuel Pannill, "member of the legislature from Campbell County (?), member of the Board of Public Works, and president of the Roanoke Navi- gation Company, who died in his ninety-fourth yea'* " See Brown, Cabells, Etc., p, 439. 232 [1822 Hugh Rose Pleasants Born at "Contention," Goochland County, Feb. 21, 1809. Second son of Governor James Pleasants. Entered Hampden Sidney 182.1, left 1822 [Freshman] ; student at the Univer- sity of Virginia during the first session of that institution (1825). Lawyer for a few years. First editor of the Richmond Dispatch. Connected at different times with the Richmond Whig, of which his brother, John Hampden Pleasants was founder. Served as private during the first year of the Civil War, with the Richmond Howitzers on the Peninsula. Especially well read in history and English litera- ture. Died April 27, 1870. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. William H. Pollard Entered Hampden Sidney 1817; A. B., 1822; licensed as a Presbyterian minister ; studied one year at Union Seminary 1826-27; missionary in Halifax, Campbell, and adjoining counties, 1828-1838; joined the Baptist church in 1843. In the fall of 1847 the Rev. William H. Pollard was appointed an agent to raise money for Hampden Sidney by the scholar- ship plan. Within two years he sold sixty scholarships, on a 3% and expenses contract. This was a considerable achieve- ment. The record in Union Seminary Catalogue is to be cor- rected: William H. Pollard, Hampden Sidney 1822, died a good deal later than 1844, having performed a conspicuous service for the college of Hampden Sidney. Mr. Pollard, who came to college from Hanover County, died in 1855. Two years before his death he became a Presbyterian again. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. Calendar of Board Minutes. Begister of Winchester Presbytery. 1822] 233 George E. Skipwith Possibly a son of Colonel Skipwith of "Hors du monde," Cumberland County, a brother of Sir Peyton Skipwith of Mecklenburg County. Benjamin Henry Latrobe stopped at Colonel Skipwith 's in 1796, to meet Richard N. Venable and others interested in the improvement of the Appomattox River. Mr. Latrobe entered in his journal: "The place has a name very appropriate — Horsdumonde. No possibility of outside communication by letter or visit, but by riding half a dozen miles into the world. In other respects there is a great deal of worldly beauty and convenience about it. To the east runs the Appomattox to which a lawn extends . . . . Sir Peyton Skipwith is one of the very few who keep up their title in this country. The title of baronet is a phantom even in England, having no real privilege annexed to it; here it is the lank ghost of a phantom. Among the follies of mankind the adoration of this title is one of the most unaccountable. But captains, majors, colonels, and gen- erals elbow a man out of all hopes even of this country. Col- onel Skipwith is a man of strong mental powers. His house is a most pleasant one. We were most hospitably entertained ; the sense and wit of Messrs. Skipwith and Venable provided the mental feast." Journal of Benjamin Henry Latrobe, p. 10, p. 14. X823 Jesse S. Armistead b. 1795, d. 1869. Began business life as a merchant's clerk at Cartersville, in his native county, Cumberland. Entered Hampden Sidney 1818. A. B., 1823. The first student on the roll of John Holt Rice's theological school at Hampden Sidney: was a student at that school three years. Teacher at Cartersville, Cumberland, 1826-27; pastor of Presbyterian church at Buckingham Court House, 1828-1842. Pastor, Cumberland Church (Old School) 1842-1864. Agent in the scholarships scheme of Hampden Sidney College, 1847-1849. D. D., Hampden Sidney College, 1851. Died at his residence in Cumberland County. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. Work of Dr. Jesse Armistead (who was besides a practical farmer and a man of strict business habits), is part of the philosophical and of the business record of Hampden Sidney College. He was the first and most excellent secretary (1824- 1826) of the Literary and Philosophical Society at Hampden Sidney College established in 1824. He wrote well, both phy- sically and metaphysically, and his rather foreign looking hand is to be traced also on the fly leaf of a good many books he presented to the Union Society. In 1849 Dr. Armistead showed that he had the endowment for a field agent. In 1854 the Board asked him to take charge of another campaign — to raise by subscription $30,000. Within a short time he secured more than that sum of money. He knew the people and the state of the country. Dr. Armistead was very much of a land improver. When guano began to come in, he was a liberal buyer of it for his Cumberland farm. He shipped in by the Appomattox batteau line. 1823] 235 Robert Burwell Born in Dinwiddie County 1802, son of Colonel Armistead Burwell, who assumed the office of steward at Hampden Sid- ney College, about 1820. Robert Burwell graduated at Hamp- den Sidney College in 1823, and in January 1824, was one of the three students (Thomas P. Hunt and Jesse S. Armi- stead the others) with whom John Holt Rice began his theo- logical seminary at Hampden Sidney. Robert Burwell spent most of his long life in North Carolina, as minister and teacher, at Hillsborough, Charlotte and Raleigh. He was especially interested in the education of young women ; from 1857 to 1872 was principal of a school for girls at Charlotte ; and from 1872 to 1892, was in charge of Peace Institute at Raleigh. Dr. Burwell (D. D., University of North Carolina, 1882), died at Raleigh in 1895. The year before his death Dr. Burwell prepared a state- ment on the early days of Union Seminary. This paper was to have been read by him at the seventieth anniversary of the Seminary, January 4th, 1894. He was unable to attend. This statement, of great interest locally, was printed in Union Seminary Magazine, January, 1894, pp. 143-155. John Nicholas Cabell b. 1805. Son of Dr. George Cabell, Jr., of Lynchburg. Hampden Sidney, 1820-1823. Moved west and died, leaving an only daughter who was adopted by John Cabell's brother, Dr. James L. Cabell, of the University of Virginia. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. William Howson Clarke Born in Halifax County, 1805; educated at Hampden Sid- ney College (A. B., 1823) ; the University of Virginia (1826) ; and at Cambridge, Massachusetts ; represented Halifax Coun- ty in the Virginia legislature, 1839-1842; died at his home 236 [1823 'Banister Lodge,' 1873. He was the son of John Clarke, a man of influence not only in his own, but in surrounding counties, a successful merchant and planter, the son of "Wil- liam Clarke of Prince Edward County. Brown, p. 327. E. Clopton Abner Clopton, the temperance advocate (1784-1833), made his home in Charlotte County from about the year 1823. Mr. Clopton was himself a graduate of Chapel Hill, and it is a plausible guess that E. Clopton, a student at Hampden Sidney College 1823 (from Charlotte County) was his son. Abner W. Clopton was the chief organizer of the Virginia Temper- ance Society, at Ash Camp, Charlotte County, year 1826. Ash Camp was about where Keysville now is. Ghastain Cocke Chastain Cocke of Powhatan is listed in the 1822 Catalogue as a student 'not a candidate for a degree, but reciting with the college classes.' It is possible he was the same as Chastain Cocke, who graduated in medicine at the University of Penn- sylvania in 1824. If so, he was the brother of William Archer Cocke [Hampden Sidney, 1790], was born in 1802, and died in 1860. Dupuy Genealogy, p. 253. Thomas Flournoy Probably a son of David Flournoy, brother of John James Flournoy of "Union Grove," Prince Edward County: and steward, Hampden Sidney College, 1830-32. Thomas Flour- noy entered Hampden Sidney early in 1821, left in 1823. Then went to Princeton and left in 1826 on the death of his father. He settled in Brunswick County, was a farmer and died in Brunswick, near Lawrenceville. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. 1823] 237 Albert M. Gilliam About 1842 Albert M. Gilliam of Lynchburg was appointed by President Tyler consul at San Francisco, "upper Cali- fornia." San Francisco was in 1843 a very different place from what it is now, but interesting enough. Consul Gilliam reached his Mexican post by sea, and made notes of what he saw in the Spanish country. In 1846 he published at Phila- delphia, "Travels in Mexico [California especially] 1843-44." 455 pp. This was republished at Aberdeen, Scotland in 1847, when the Mexican War was the advertisement. Somebody who read the Aberdeen edition (copy at Library of Congress) made this note: "What awful long sentences." As a matter of fact, Mr. Gilliam's writing is a little hard to follow. William Hamersley Born April 12, 1789 in Prince Edward County ,the son of William and Jane (Blair) Hamersley. Shortly after his birth, his father removed to Campbell County, in the Hat Creek neighborhood. He entered Hampden Sidney College in 1816, and graduated. He was already an elder in the Presbyterian church when he came to college. After study- ing theology under Dr. Hoge, he was settled as a minister in Campbell County and spent his life in that calling in Camp- bell County and the immediate region. Mr. Hamersley was a grandson of Richard Sankey, and therefore a great grand- son of John Thomson. Wilson's Presbyterian Almanac for 1862, p. 91. Matthew W. Jackson The Republican Methodists were strong in Southside Vir- ginia somewhat before and somewhat after 1800. In 1809 Clement Read withdrew from that connection. In 1822 the Rev. Messrs. Matthew W. Jackson, Henderson Lee and others, ministers of the Republican Methodist Church, met the Pres- bytery of Hanover at Charlotte Court House and after for- 238 [1823 malities took their seats as members of Presbytery. By this act, says Dr. Poote [II, 579], the Republican Methodist Church as a body, in that part of Virginia, became extinct. At nearly the same time Bishop Ravenscroft assumed charge of the diocese of North Carolina. He had for some time been active as a Republican Methodist in Lunenburg. The name 'Matthew Jackson, Charlotte County,' appears on the catalogue for 1822 — Freshman class. Mr. Jackson seems to have spent his life, a long one, in Charlotte County, as a teacher and preacher, especially in the Rough Creek neighborhood. He was born in 1795 and died in 1880. See Union Seminary Catalogue. Allen D. Metcalfe b. 1797, d. 1877. A native of Rutherford County, North Carolina. The year following his graduation at Hampden Sidney, 1823, Mr. Metcalfe was advertised as Junior Tutor at Hampden Sidney College {catalogue, December 1824), and as Principal of the Academy at Lincolnton, North Carolina (North Carolina Schools and Academies, p. 200, January, 1824). January 1826 Mr. Metcalfe was in charge of the Academy at Charlotte, North Carolina, a school in which were to be taught "in the most approved manner the Latin and Greek languages, together with all other branches which enter into a thorough and liberal education. ' ' After 1828 Mr. Met- calfe was a minister — in the valley of Virginia, in Kentucky, in Tennessee, and again in Kentucky where he died. During his time in Augusta County, Virginia, he was for a year, 1835-36, Tutor at Washington College. David Minge Born Charles City County, 1802. Entered Hampden Sid- ney 1822. M. D. Died at Petersburg 1868. [Dr. Hooper's Manuscript.] In the printed catalogues David Minge is set down as a member of the Sophomore class in 1822, and in 1823] 239 1826 David Hinge, also of Charles City County, is classified as of the Freshman class. It seems hardly probable that these two entries are representative of the same person, even by the most drastic reclassification. We will suppose that the earlier David Minge was the memorable philanthropist of the following story — "In 1825 Nathaniel Binford of Charles City County liberated seven slaves and sent them to Ohio. He had acted on the example of his neighbor David Minge who, aetat. 25, set free eighty- seven slaves and had them sent to Cuba. He distributed among them a peck of silver dollars on sailing day." Ohio Archaeological and Historical Society Publications, vol. VI, p. 275. The Society of Inquiry on the subject of Missions at Hamp- den Sidney, listed David Minge as a member. So this state- ment shows poetic sequence at least. Izard Bacon Rice Born in Halifax County, July 2nd, 1804; at Hampden Sidney 1822-1823. M. D., University of Pennsylvania, 1827. Settled first in Halifax County, then in Charlotte County, at ' South Isle, ' a plantation near Coles Ferry. Dr. Rice died Sept. 19th, 1865. He was the father of Henry C. Rice, Hamp- den Sidney, 1862, a member of the Hampden Sidney Company in the Civil War and one of its historians. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. Dr. Rice lived on Staunton River, about eight miles above John Randolph's * Roanoke' plantation. See his reminiscences of Mr. Randolph, pp. 112-114 of Powhatan Bouldin's book. Mr. Bouldin also gives several pages (126-130) of very inter- esting observations on John Randolph by Henry Carrington (Hampden Sidney, 1811). 240 [1823 Thomas Skinker Born in Fauquier County, March 20, 1805. Entered Hamp- den Sidney, 1822, left 1823. A. B., Union College, N. Y., 1825 — Phi Beta Kappa. Studied law under Judge Tucker at Winchester. Lawyer and farmer, Fauquier County. Epis- copalian. Died Oct. 2, 1887, while visiting Saratoga Springs for his health. Dr. Mellwaine's Manuscript, quoting Letter of Thomas K. Skinker of St. Louis, a son of Thomas Skinker. Gerard Briscoe Stuart Born at Staunton, Nov. 27, 1804. Son of Judge Archibald Stuart. Entered Hampden Sidney in 1822, left 1823. Farmer, Augusta County. Many years Justice, county court. Mem- ber of the House of Delegates, 1839-1841. Mr. Stuart died after 1882. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. John Brown Tinsley Born in Powhatan County, June 7, 1804. Entered Hamp- den Sidney, 1820. Teacher in Powhatan County; at Farm- ville, Prince Edward County, &c. Died at Liberty, Bedford County, Jan. 15, 1872. Sept. 1833, Mr. Tinsley read before the Institute of Education of Hampden Sidney College a lecture 'On the Qualifications of Common School Teachers.' His residence was then in Powhatan. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. Robert D. Turnbull Born in Brunswick County, Aug. 2, 1804. Entered Hamp- den Sidney 1821 ; A. B., 1823. Lawyer. Colonel on Governor Wise's staff. Episcopalian. Died at Lawrenceville, Bruns- wick County, Jan., 1864. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. 1823] 241 Samuel L. Venable Born Charlotte County, Jan. 7, 1803. Entered Hampden Sidney 1822; A. B., 1823. Lawyer at Charlotte Court House. Principal, girls' school at Clarksville, Mecklenburg County, 1840-1844; and Principal, Oxford, North Carolina, Academy for girls, 1844-1860. Presbyterian elder. Died at Cascade, Pittsylvania County, Virginia, July 13, 1877. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. Achilles Whitlocke Born in Halifax County, November, 1805. At Hampden Sidney, 1821-23. M. D. in Philadelphia. Farmer and physi- cian. Died at Huntsville, Alabama, in 1847. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. "Jan. 8, 1824.— The following gentlemen. Dr. John H. Rice, Dr. Wil- liam S. Morton, President Jona: P. Cushing, the Rev. James Marsh, Messrs. Abm. W. Venable, W. W. Blauvelt, Samuel L. Venable, Robert Burwell, Thomas P. Hunt, William H. Clarke, and Jesse S. Armistead, met at President Cushing 's room for the purpose of considering the expediency of instituting a Literary and Philosophical Society at this place. After a free and full expression of the sentiments and feelings of those present, in reference to the object of the meeting, it was agreed that such a Society should be organized. Dr. Rice, President Cushing and Mr. Marsh were appointed a committee to draw up a constitution for the contemplated Society, to be submitted at a meeting to be held on the 16th instant. Jan. 16, 1824. — The same gentlemen as above mentioned, with the exception of Mr. Abram W. Venable, met this evening at President Cush- ing 's room for the purpose of organizing the proposed Society. Dr. W. S. Morton was appointed chairman, and W. W. Blauvelt, secretary of the meeting. The committee appointed at the last meeting to prepare a constitution made their report, which was accepted and is as follows: In performing the business entrusted to us as your committee, we have been guided chiefly by the general views exhibited at our previous meet- ing. Our object has been to combine as far as possible in the constitu- tion of a single body the advantages of personal improvement with those of public influence. We have aimed in the ordinary meetings of the Society to secure the free and unrestrained feelings and habits of a literary club; to give scope and encouragement for the display of intel- lectual powers of all kinds; and to cherish a generous enthusiasm in the 242 [1824 pursuit of excellence. In the annual meetings and exercises, and in the more extended form of the Society, we would wish it to assume the character before the public of an extended literary association, and to maintain an eminence that shall do honour to the literature of the State. It is our object, in short, to combine the means of awakening and sus- taining among ourselves a spirit of greater energy and enterprise in our pursuits, to place before those who are following in the paths which we have trodden an elevated standard of literary attainment, and to diffuse abroad, as far as the influence of the Society may extend, liberal and enlightened views, as well as a generous spirit of intellectual improve- ment. We are perfectly aware, however, that for accomplishing these objects, the most essential requisites are to be sought in the character and feelings of the individual members. JOHN H. EICE, JAMES MAKSH, JONA: P. CUSHING, Committee. The following subject was selected for discussion at the next meeting: 'The Best Means of Exciting a Higher Literary Spirit in Virginia.' Jesse S. Armistead is to read a dissertation on the subject." [Minute Book, Literary and Philosophical Society at Hampden Sidney College.] 1824 James C. Anthony "We will suppose that James C. Anthony's middle name was Couch, and that he was a brother of Mrs. Margaret Couch Anthony Cabell, author of that very fine book, ' ' Sketches and Recollections of Lynchburg, by the Oldest Inhabitant." Lynchburg sent a good many students to Hampden Sidney College before 1825. Jesse Burton Harrison graduated at Hampden Sidney in 1821 ; his brother, Robert Jordan Harri- son was a student at the college. We will take it for granted that their near relation, Christopher Anthony of Lynchburg, had a son James Couch Anthony whom he sent to Hampden Sidney during the catalogue years 1822 and 1823. Christo- pher Anthony was born in Bedford County in 1776. He came of a Quaker family, and was himself for some years a member of the Society of Friends. At first a merchant and then a lawyer, Christopher Anthony was long a conspicuous figure in Lynchburg, a good and wise man, ' ' his native capacity was of the highest order, and in intuitive knowledge of men, that best of knowledge, he had no superior." Sketches and Becollections of Lynchburg, pp. 38-55. Peyton Randolph Berkeley b. 1805, d. 1871. Son of William Berkeley of "Oakland," Prince Edward County. Entered Hampden Sidney, 1820. A. B., 1824. Second honor. M. D., University of Pennsyl- vania, 1828. Teacher. Practitioner many years in Prince Edward County. Trustee of Hampden Sidney College many years. Presbyterian elder in college church. Captain of Cav- alry, C. S. A., when over fifty years old. Dr. Berkeley lived at Prince Edward Court House, the present hamlet of Worsham. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. 244 [1824 It is fitting at this point to give a summary of the students from Hampden Sidney College who followed medical studies at the University of Pennsylvania. This list has been hurriedly prepared and might with- out much trouble be a good deal extended. Not to skip any decade, the name of Goodridge Wilson (1797), a Trustee of Hampden Sidney Col- lege, has been included. 'The Virginia Doctors' were celebrated in Philadelphia for years: many of them were excellent students, and many of the excellent students were very rowdy. This list has been carried to 1836 and John W. Draper for the imposing effect: — Chastain Cocke Jonathan P. Gilliam William W. Oliver Joel W. Dupuy George Penn Izard B. Eice Albert G. Smith Eobert H. Turnbull Joel Watkins Peyton R. Berkeley Richard Garland George Fitzgerald Nathaniel G. Friend Thomas D. Mutter Thomas P. Nash Anderson Wade John W. Wooldridge Thomas H. Venable Elbert C. Wade John B. Harvie William Glenn Craghead Richard J. H. Hatchett George P. Holman William F. Quenichet Nathaniel A. Venable John W. Draper 1790 George Cabell 1824 1797 Goodridge Wilson 1808 Samuel D. Leake 1825 Robert Mayo 1827 1809 John P. Mettauer Addison Waddell 1810 Joseph Watkins 1811 Ashley Davis Paul C. Venable 1812 Thomas Allen 1828 Marcus C. Buck 1830 William J. Dupuy William S. Morton 1831 1813 James W. Hunt John C. Meredith Mann Page 1814 John W. Johnston 1816 Robert G. Moseley 1832 Miles S. Watkins 1834 1817 James W. Paxton 1818 [William Dunbar of Mississippi] James H. Lacy Samuel V. Watkins 1835 1820 Landon C. Rives 1823 William Hamlin 1836 John Breckenridge Cabell Son of Dr. George Cabell, Sr., of Lynchburg. At Hampden Sidney, 1821-24. John B. Cabell was a physician; removed from Lynchburg to Lewisburg, West Virginia, and died after 1879. Brown, p. 535. William B. Chittenden From Cayuga, N. Y., (printed catalogues, 1822-1824), Wil- liam B. Chittenden graduated at Hampden Sidney College in 1824. Before 1846 he was Secretary of the James River and 1824] 245 Kanawha Canal Company, and on the resignation of Joseph C. Cabell, was chosen president of the company. John Y. Mason was president in 1850. It seems strange that Mr. Chittenden's later career is not a matter of public record. Apparently he had died before 1856. The year after his graduation he was Tutor at Hampden Sidney College, and entered his brother (we will suppose), Joseph Chittenden, Jr., as a student at Hampden Sidney. John H. Clarke Probably the son of John Clarke of Prince Edward County, member of the House of Delegates, 1817-1822; son of John Clarke of Prince Edward, member of the House of Delegates, 1784-1787. The Clarkes were early established in Prince Ed- ward County as merchants in the Sandy River Church neigh- borhood. John H. Clarke, A. B., 1824, is marked with an asterisk, as dead, in the General Catalogue of 1857. Nathaniel Macon Eaton Thomas Eaton and his brother Nathaniel, of Warrenton, North Carolina, came to Hampden Sidney College in 1823 — the one entering Sophomore, the other, Freshman. The state- ment is made that Nathaniel Eaton died on his way home from college. This item may have been drawn from Dr. Mcllwaine's questionnaire: it is not on Dr. Hooper's manu- script. Travis H. Epes Born in Nottoway County. Hampden Sidney, 1822-24. University of Virginia, 1826. Whig leader of Nottoway. House of Delegates, 1833-35, 1853. Opposed the Civil War. It is said that Colonel Epes was invited by Lincoln to Rich- mond in April 1865, for conference on the reconstruction of the State. Trustee, Hampden Sidney College, 1848-1870. Died about 1880. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. 246 [1824 Thomas Tabb Giles b. 1803, d. 1883. Son of Gov. William B. Giles. Entered Hampden Sidney, 1820. A. B., 1824. Lawyer; distinguished in chancery practice at the Richmond bar. For many years chairman of the Executive Committee of the Virginia His- torical Society Died at Richmond. In 1826, Thomas T. Giles was his father 's messenger to Henry Clay, bearing a letter that was tantamount to a challenge. The letter was proffered in the presence of William S. Archer. Mr. Clay declined to receive the communication saying that he "could not recog- nize Mr. Thomas T. Giles as an organ free from objection." Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. Brock, Virginians, pp. 154-156. James H. Hamlett James H. Hamlett of Campbell County; at Hampden Sid- ney, 1822-24; listed in the catalogue of Union Seminary as a theological student towards the end of the dim period before 1824; and assigned to St. Louis in the Union Society Cata- logue ; was apparently a minister of the Presbyterian church. David R[ice] Mitchell The entry, 'David R. Mitchell, Bedford County,' appears on the printed catalogues for 1823 and 1824. November 26, 1825, the Union Society in its minutes made reference to cer- tain books bequeathed the society on his death bed by David R. Mitchell. Charles L. Mosby b. 1810, Powhatan County. At Hampden Sidney College about 1824: University of Virginia, 1827-1829, and the first graduate of the school of law at the University. Settled for the practice of the law at Lynchburg. Member of the legis- lature several terms, representing Campbell County. Mem- ber of the Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia. Died at Lynchburg in 1879. 1824] 247 Charles Mosby having been the first law graduate of the University of Virginia, it is fitting to append here a brief statement showing the support given by Hampden Sidney College to the University of Virginia during the salad days of the University. The plan of this compilation fits in well with an era in the history of education in Virginia and the south — the period covered is that from the beginning of the war of the Revo- lution to the opening of the University of Virginia. There- fore it is of interest to note the students from Hampden Sidney College who were in attendance at the University of Virginia during its early years. This list is not complete. It is carried to 1833 and Robert G. Branch, who was for some time a professor at Hampden Sidney College: — 1825 Philip A. Boiling 1827-28 William Daniel Wilson Miles Cary George E. Dabney William Ballard Preston Kobert T. Hubard Albert G. Ward William G. Jones 1825-26 Champe Carter Charles L. Mosby Archibald D. Glenn Alexander Eives Edmund W. Hubard Charles L. Thomas Charles H. C. Preston 1829 William CampbeU Scott Thomas Pemberton William H. Perry John H. Walker Benjamin J. Walker 1826-27 Charles T. Beale 1830 Ethelbert A. Coleman James C. Bruce Patrick H. Elcan William Lewis Cabell Hugh A. Garland William H. Clarke John B. Harvie Benedict Crump Thomas W. Ligon Travis H. Epes 1832 John H. Christian Eichard Garland Thomas Withers Hugh E. Pleasants 1833 Eobert G. Branch George B. Skillern [Professor, Hampden Charles T. Taylor Sidney Coll., 1834-1846] John P. Willcox William Madison Peyton b. 1805, d. 1868. There is a memoir at large of Colonel Wil- liam M. Peyton, in which nothing is said about his being a student at Hampden Sidney College. But it seems probable that he was. William M. Peyton, son of John Howe Peyton, at the age of twelve was sent to Fuller's school in Staunton. He was there four years, matriculating in 1822 at Princeton. 248 [1824 His character was early formed, and at Princeton he was noted for close study, sobriety, and great influence among his fellows. His health began to suffer. He came home at the end of his second year uncertain whether to keep on at college or not. The doctor advised him to go to a northern college, and he entered at Yale in 1824. So much for the facts of the biography. Catalogues at Hampden Sidney were at the first issued soon after the opening of the winter term in November. The catalogue dated December, 1824, lists "William M. Pey- ton, Staunton," as an irregular student. It is likely that after signing up at Hampden Sidney, young Mr. Peyton with- drew and resumed his studies at Yale. Colonel Peyton was a man of means, represented his adopted county (Botetourt) in the legislature a term or two, and was in general a man rather typical of the old times — hospitable, cultivated, with plenty of sound common sense and a trifle Quixotic. He was a Whig, and a Union Man. See Memoir of William Madison Peyton of Eoanoke. By John Lewis Peyton. London (John Wilson, 92 Great Eussell Street) 1873. John Smith Preston b. 1809, d. 1881. Son of Francis Preston of Washington County, and first cousin of William Ballard Preston. Grad- uated at Hampden Sidney College in 1824; was at the Uni- versity of Virginia, 1825-26, and then for awhile at the Har- vard law school. Settled for practice at Abingdon, Va., but having married a daughter of General Wade Hampton, the elder, removed to Columbia, South Carolina. Engaged for several years in sugar planting in Louisiana, but also devoted much time to the collection of paintings and sculptures, aiding artists liberally, notably Hiram Powers. Mr. Preston was an orator. His speech of welcome to the Palmetto regiment on its return from the Mexican War gained him a wide reputa- tion. He was a pronounced secessionist, was chairman of the South Carolina delegation to the Charleston convention, and in February, 1861, as commissioner to Virginia, made perhaps 1824] 249 » . his most celebrated speech. In the war, at first on the staff of Gen. Beauregard, he was transferred to the conscript depart- ment with the rank of Brigadier. After the war, he went to England and lived there several years. During the recon- struction period, Gen. Preston delivered an address at the University of Virginia, on the right of secession, which was much criticized by the party in power. Appleton's Cyclopaedia. William Ballard Preston b. 1805, d. 1862. Son of Governor James Preston, (gov- ernor of Virginia, 1816-1819), of "Smithfield," Montgomery County. William B. Preston was a student at Hampden Sidney three years, graduating in 1824. In 1825 he was at the University of Virginia. He took up the law as a pro- fession, and succeeded. He was early in politics as a Whig, and is said never to have lost an election; represented his county in the House of Delegates a term or two, beginning in 1830, and was in the State Senate four terms, 1840-1844. In 1846 he went to Congress, and was chosen Secretary of the Navy by President Taylor, resigning on General Taylor's death. In 1858 he was sent by government to France, to negotiate for the establishment of a line of steamers between the port of Norfolk and Havre. The Civil War blocked the plan. Mr. Preston stood out for the Union as long as he could, both in the Virginia Convention of 1861 and in the Provisional Congress. He was elected a Senator from Vir- ginia in the first Confederate Congress, and died shortly after at his home " Smithfield, " Montgomery County. H. D. Warwick Mrs. Cabell, in her "Recollections of Lynchburg" (p. 235) says something of Major William Warwick of Amherst Coun- ty, a native of Nelson or of Buckingham : — "Major Warwick's integrity and uprightness were so conspicuous, and so un- 250 [1824 swerving was he in the prosecution of what he deemed the right, that many were heard to say that these qualities in- vested him with a moral sublimity. ' ' Of his large family were John M. Warwick of Lynchburg (whose daughter was married to Judge William Daniel) ; Messrs. Corbin and Abram War- wick of Richmond [note Robert and James Warwick of Rich- mond, students at Hampden Sidney, 1826] ; Daniel Warwick of Baltimore, &c. Mrs. Cabell's book was published in 1858. Was Daniel Warwick, of Baltimore, H. D. Warwick? — a stu- dent at Hampden Sidney, from Lynchburg, 1822-1824. The firm of Warwick and Claggett was about 1830, very conspicuous in the tobacco trade. The firm had headquarters at London ; Mr. Warwick had started in business at Richmond, and was in close touch with Lewis Rogers, a great Virginia merchant of those days. See Old Merchants of New York, vol. II. John Archer Scott Born in Prince Edward County; at Hampden Sidney Col- lege, 1823-24. John Archer Scott was a notable man in his time for business ability, as farmer and in general. His home was on Bush River, Prince Edward County, fine land which has been well farmed for a number of years, before and after the great Civil War. Joel Watkins Son of Henry A. Watkins of Charlotte County. M. D., University of Pennsylvania, 1827. Dr. Joel Watkins prac- ticed in Charlotte County. Samuel V. Watkins Son of William M. Watkins (1791). Born Charlotte Coun- ty, Oct. 19, 1807. Entered Hampden Sidney, 1820. A. B., 1824. University of Virginia. Farmer and merchant. Pres- byterian elder. Died at Petersburg, March 18, 1872. Dr. Hooper 's Manuscript. 1824] 251 William Spotswood White b. 1800, d. 1873. Son of William White of Hanover County. William S. White went to school at Washington-Henry Aca- demy (an old established school near his home) ; then to a school in the slashes of Hanover; and then to John Kirkpat- rick in Manchester. A cousin of his, a member of Congress from Florida, said to him once, " Don't vegetate here on the Chickahominy. Resolve to be something." At the age of eighteen, William S. White resolved to be ; at least to be edu- cated at a college. But he had no money, so he taught school and made enough money to give himself a year and a half at Hampden Sidney, beginning with January, 1819. He taught again (in Richmond) and came to college again. At the end of his Sophomore year his money was once more scant in the purse. He bullied his guardian into giving him a horse, which he rode to college and sold to Colonel Burwell for enough to settle the board bill for two years. Having graduated in 1824, he taught school again — in Farmville — and began studies looking to the ministry. From 1820 John Holt Rice had been virtually his foster father. After two years at Union Semi- nary, William S. White began his work as a minister, and became one of the best known men in his church — a man of intellect, and humor, and piety, and what is called charm of personality. For many years Dr. White was pastor of the Presbyterian church at Lexington, Virginia. See Autobiography of William S. White, pp. 1-43. 1824. July 2.— Building Committee of Board of Trustees to settle the accounts of workmen for work done on the New College building, and to receive the work if they think proper [Messrs. Phaup and Perry, con- tractors]. John H. Eice and Henry E. Watkins added to the committee to secure officers of College — such characters to be secured as will be qualified to fill the office of Professors, should the Board at their general meeting in September next appoint Professors. 1824. Sept. 23-24.— Keport of Committee to revise and arrange the course of studies: — 252 [1824 Academy attached to College Adam's Latin Grammar; Corderius; Epitome Historise Sacrae; Latin Tutor; Caesar's Commentaries; Virgil and Latin Prosody; Sallust; Cicero's Orations. Hackenberg's Greek Grammar, by Goodrich; Greek Delectus; Jacob's Greek Eeader; Dalzel's Collectanea Graeca Minora, and Greek Prosody; Neilson's Greek Exercises, and Knappius' Greek Testament. Lempriere's Classical Dictionary, Tooke's Pantheon, and Adam's Eoman Antiquities to be consulted and studied so that the student may explain all Classic allusions. Murray's English Grammar, Webber's Arithmetic, Elements of Geog- raphy and Ancient History. The students are to perform such exercises in elocution and composi- tion as the Preceptor may direct. College. Each class has two studies and a daily recitation in each study, except the Senior Class. Eresh. Class — Winter Session 1. Cambridge Course of Mathematics — Lacroix's Arithmetic, Euler's Algebra, Legendre's Geometry commenced. 2. Cicero's orations reviewed, Livy, Graeca Majora Vol. 1st — the his- torians Herodotus and Xenophon. Composition and Declamation. Summer Session. 1. Legendre's Geometry completed; Graeca Majora, 2nd vol. — Homer and the Minor Poets; Horace's Odes, and Greek and Latin Prosody., 2. English Grammar, Murray's 8vo. vol.; Blair's Lectures on Bhe- toric ; and Exercises in elocution. Latin and Greek Exercises, and Eoman Antiquities continued through the year. Sophomore Class — Winter Session 1. Hedge's Logic, Morse's Geography, 8vo. vol., Tytler's Elements of History and Chronology. 2. Graeca Majora — Thucidydes, Lysias, Isocrates, and Demosthenes; Tacitus. Declamation and Composition. Summer Session 1. Lacroix's Algebra; Analytical Geometry commenced; Plane and Spherical Trigonometry and Algebra applied to Geometry. 2. Excerpta Latina — Quinctilian and Cicero, Graeca Majora — Diony- sius, Longinus, and Aristotle. Translations from English into Latin and Greek through the year. Declamation; compositions every four weeks through the year. JOHN HOLT RICE 1824] 253 Junior Class — Winter Session. 1. Chemistry with experiments and illustrations. Grseca Majora — Aristotle, Sophocles, and Euripides; Horace. 2. Algebra applied to Conic Sections; Topography, or the applica- tion of Geometry to Projections; Dialling; Mensuration of Heights and Distances; Navigation; Nautical Astronomy; Surveying; Levelling, &c; Fluxians; Composition and Declamation. Summer Session. 1. Enfield's Natural Philosophy — Mechanics; Pneumatics; Hydrosta- tics; Magnetism; Electricity; and Optics. 2. Cicero's Philosophical Works; Grseca Majora — Xenophon's Memo- rabilia, Plato and Aristotle. Compositions in Latin and Greek. Declamation; Composition in English every three weeks through the year. Senior Class — Winter Session. 1. Stewart's Philosophy of the Mind, 1st Vol., Campbell's Philosophy of Ehetoric; Paley's Moral and Political Philosophy; Astronomy. 2. Eeviews — Mathematics and the Latin and Greek Classics. Summer Session. 1. Stewart's Philosophy of the Mind, 2nd Vol.; Chemistry and its applications; Mineralogy; Geology; Laws of Nature and Nations, by Vattel. 2. Eeviews — Natural Philosophy and Astronomy. Paley's Evidences once a week through the year. Lectures are given on the most important subjects of the course. Dissertations every two weeks; orations every four weeks; and foren- sics every eight weeks through the year. The members of each class are required to declaim in public once a month; the Senior Class to pronounce orations of their own composition. Private instruction will be given in the Oriental and Modern Lan- guages. The Eev. James Marsh was elected the Professor of Languages and Belles Lettres. 1825 Dr. Rice and Mr. Cushing This caption, Dr. Rice and Mr. Cushing, should be that of a stout volume. Dr. Rice was a thorough Virginian, one of the most considerable of Virginians. Mr. Cushing, whose life was strangely bound up with the life of John Holt Rice, was a New Englander, but also a Virginian and a very consider- able Virginian. A relation of the careers of those two men might be framed on a rather large scale. It is enough to say here that by the work of those men Hampden Sidney took on the form it still keeps a good deal and kept wholly for about seventy-five years. John Holt Rice was born in Bedford County at the outset of the active Revolution, in 1777. He had affiliations with the Church of England, else he could hardly have been the Vir- ginian that he was. But also he was a distant connection of Davies, and a distant connection of Samuel Stanhope Smith. He was trained by William Graham at Liberty Hall; found his way back east (his father had come from Hanover) in the capacity of tutor to a family on James River; came to Hampden Sidney by the merest chance when the college was nearly extinct ; married soon after in the neighborhood ; and by the time he was twenty-five had so schooled himself and had looked so well about him at his world that he had ideas, purpose, and a practical sense of adaptation. For instance, there was not much of a library at Hampden Sidney when John Holt Rice came to the place. He wanted books himself, and knew that those about him wanted books. The college could buy no books. Tutor Rice joined the Union Society, or rather, re-established the Union Society, and persuaded his fellows to begin buying books. The college library today is greatly the result of that Rice plan of 1802. And further, Tutor Rice, with his colleague Alexander, went out into the 1825] 255 neighborhood and did something to get the desultory readers interested in setting up a Prince Edward Library Company. Rice, Alexander and Speece, the three clerks, discussed among themselves affairs of the church and of the State. They agreed that the region they were in needed religious periodicals — and Alexander and Rice (we are not certain of Speece) thought that the vogue of training ministers by apprentice- ship to other ministers might be improved upon. Very soon after, John Holt Rice was busy in the neighborhood getting subscriptions towards a sort of theological seminary at Hamp- den Sidney; and not long afterwards Alexander was moving towards a theological seminary at Princeton. By 1805 Speece had his religious journal (Virginia Religious Magazine) ; a few years later Alexander was the instigator of a religious journal at Philadelphia; and with 1815, almost at the first opportunity, Rice began publishing his religious journal. John Holt Rice was not a man to sit around and wait for something to turn up. From 1804, when he left Hampden Sidney, until 1812, when he went to Richmond, he was very active as preacher and teacher in Charlotte County; and it was he, largely, that did what was done in securing the Hoge Theological Seminary for Hampden Sidney. He was chosen a member of the Board of Trustees of Hampden Sidney Col- lege in 1807, and from that time on kept his eye particularly on the curriculum. During the year 1812 John Holt Rice left Charlotte County for Richmond. His friend, Archibald Alexander, had come very near drawing him away to Philadelphia. Mr. Rice was growing tired of his school keeping as a necessary concomitant of his many works as a minister in Charlotte County. But in 1812 in the territory, as between the country and the town (even the town of Richmond), the country was preferable. John Holt Rice went to Richmond — a little uncertain whether he might not have to continue school keeping — because he was regardful both of his own future and that of his church ; he thought Richmond would be a good centre of operations. He followed Dr. Witherspoon's notion about the wisdom of 256 [1825 moving on when a good opportunity seemed to offer, and he made no mistake. His ten years at Richmond were the best years of his life. He was occupied, interested, and palpably useful. He preached as an evangelical; edited his magazines as a man of sound common sense desirous of all reasonable progress in the State ; was afforded the means of travel and of knowing the country, south and north; and so, shortly before he left Richmond, was offered the presidency of Prince- ton College. But the more he went about the country and thought over what he saw, the more he was convinced that the native talent of his own State should have a better chance of development at home. He gave himself up to the business of working for the propagation of knowledge and of religion within his own immediate territory. Naturally all this made him within a few years after 1812, the director of the Pres- byterian movement in Virginia. John Holt Rice believed thoroughly that the well instructed minister of the church, devoted to his work, should be the most powerful agent in the disciplining and upbuilding of the community. Therefore he began narrowing his endeavors, became an advocate for a distinct Presbyterian Theological Seminary in the region, carried his programme through, and in 1823 was placed in charge of the institution to be estab- lished in fact (by him) at Hampden Sidney. A man worlds and works, gets his ideas realized in a way, is sorely put about in the process, and is often enough sorry he had not kept hands off and let things go on as they were. Dr. Rice estab- lished his seminary and was disappointed. His last years were full of cares and worry. He missed his life as a public man at Richmond. He found that being a specialist, and an executive, was a dismally vexed business, the more so if begun late. He died young, in 1831. But he had carried through his programme, had proved himself a man and a Christian, and must be remembered as a Virginian of many virtues and great good will at a very critical time in the history of the community. 1825] 257 In 1817, when Dr. Rice was in the midst of his larger life, there came to his door in Richmond a young man from New England. This was Jonathan Cushing of New Hampshire, who had put himself through Dartmouth College (1817), and now at the age of twenty-four, with health none too strong, was looking for employment at the South. Dr. Rice, being familiar with the progress of affairs at Hampden Sidney, knew of a temporary vacancy on the staff of Dr. Hoge, and recommended the applicant to Dr. Hoge. Mr. Cushing came to Hampden Sidney, and, as the accidents were, stayed on there. In 1796 the connection of John Holt Rice with Hamp- den Sidney had been accidental. It is difficult to understand what Dr. Foote means by saying that Jonathan Cushing 's first post at Hampden Sidney was that of Librarian. A hundred years later there is no such distinct post. Mr. Cushing must have been a Tutor from the first, with perhaps something to do with the books. Maybe he lived at the Library House where the college books, the Prince Edward Library Company's books, and the Philosoph- ical apparatus were kept in storage. Jonathan Cushing was no bookman as the term is used. If he was ever Librarian, it was not for long. The philosophical apparatus was what had caught his eye especially at Dartmouth, and here at Hampden Sidney he occupied himself with the outfit. The rage for geology, &c, that was already on at the North had not communicated itself to Hampden Sidney. Jonathan Cushing was the communicator. He had hardly been six weeks at the place when the Board of Trustees began inquir- ing of Dr. Redman Coxe of Philadelphia, about a newer out- fit for chemistry and natural philosophy in the premises. The foundation was being secularized. Mr. Cushing, it is said, had left New England intending to qualify himself for the law at Charleston, South Carolina. [See biographical sketch in Southern Literally Messenger, vol. II, pp. 163-166.] Happening to stop at Richmond and at Hampden Sidney, he gradually became interested in the wonderful country that is Southside Virginia, and in Hamp- 258 [1825 den Sidney, the sole college of Southside Virginia. At first he was restless to get away, even went to the Court House tavern to book passage for the South, but Dr. Hoge per- suaded him not to go. Young Mr. Cushing's mind was mature enough to grasp something of the difficulties in the way of the college and to imagine something of the possibilities. The State of Virginia was taking steps to align itself with the nineteenth century. Mr. Cushing saw no valid reason why Hampden Sidney should not come into the movement. There was plenty of intelligence in the neighborhood, but Mr. Cush- ing is to be allowed full credit for energy and commonsense suggestion. At any rate he grew interested in the immediate problems of his Southside Virginia environment, and within a very short time was attacking them as the work of his short life. His biographer, (article cited), speaks bluntly of conditions at Hampden Sidney in 1817* : " No class had graduated regu- larly for several years, and the degrees occasionally conferred on individuals who had gone through the whole course were not respected at other colleges. There was hardly the name of a library or Philosophical Apparatus, and the buildings were to the last degree unsightly and inadequate. ' ' This is severe, a little too severe. What degrees had been conferred since 1800 were seldom submitted for inspection at other col- leges. Hardly anybody took a degree except as qualification for the work of a minister — and it will be granted that Pres- bytery has generally been insistent upon the schooling of its alumni. The curriculum at Hampden Sidney before 1825, as presented in these pages, will show what the grilling was by schedule. As for the plant, it is true enough that the plant had not grown, nor had it been refurbished much. The system was for the President and masters to divide among themselves, *But see statement of Board of Trustees of Hampden Sidney College in Richmond Enquirer, July 17, 1829: "It is a fact undeniable that since the foundation of Hampden Sidney College, more of Virginia's sons have received their education within her halls than at any other institution in the State, and for the last ten years more than double as many as at any other." JONATHAN P. CUSHING PUBLISHED BY .MERICAN QUARTERLY REGISTER NOVEMBER, 1838 1825] 259 by scale, the tuition money coming in during the year; room rents were applied to incidentals, those absorbing incidentals ; there was hardly any revenue from endowment — so, very naturally the plant suffered. Mr. Gushing therefore was con- fronted not only with the problem of secularization, but with the necessity of modernization in general. He was greatly attached to Dr. Hoge, and did nothing to cause Dr. Hoge to regard him as a meddling youngster. Jonathan Cushing was a man of discernment and sympathy, of energy and dignity of character. We will not itemize here Mr. Cushing 's work for Hampden Sidney College and for the State of Virginia. He died in 1835, a little past forty, a few years after his friend Dr. Rice. Mr. Cushing was made President of Hampden Sidney College in 1821.* Then Dr. Rice returned to Hampden Sidney. Dur- ing those ten years through 1831, just before and just after the opening of the University of Virginia, Mr. Cushing and Dr. Rice gave Hampden Sidney its nineteenth century form. *In 1817 Dr. Hoge was already looking North for a Tutor; Dr. Eice no doubt had given the pointer. That is to say, Mr. Cushing came to Hampden Sidney to supply the place of an acquaintance of his who had fallen sick and very soon died. It is not improbable that this young man was Zebina Thayer, a graduate of Dartmouth, 1817. From 1817 for some ten years the staff of Hampden Sidney College was made up from the North. Gilbert Morgan of New York (Union College, 1815), came in 1819 and stayed through 1824. Dr. Morgan died in 1875, having spent most of his life as a teacher in the South. In 1821 J. T. B. Skillman (Union College, 1819), was appointed Tutor and stayed the year. He settled as a physician at New Brunswick, New Jersey. In 1821 Peter MacViccar (Union, 1818), also began work at Hampden Sidney and was for many years Professor of Mathematics in the college. William Blauvelt (Rutgers, 1814), was a Tutor at Hampden Sidney for two years from 1822. For nearly sixty years Mr. Blauvelt was pastor of the Pres- byterian Church at Lamington, New Jersey. James Marsh (President of the University of Vermont) was Professor at Hampden Sidney from 1824 to 1826. Henry Wood (Dartmouth, 1822), was Tutor at the college in 1825; Rufus Nutting (Dartmouth, 1814), was Tutor in 1826, in the room of Stephen Taylor (Williams, 1816). It was an era of northern lights at Hampden Sidney. The explanation is, not only that New Eng- land and its neighbors were sending out numbers of pretty well trained men, but that at Hampden Sidney the supply of theological students was cut off for a feAv years after 1820. And then Mr. Cushing, having the opportunity of secularization, was secularizing. Before 1830, Mr. Cushing had begun raising up his own staff, and with 1830 his pupils were going out to take hold of work in neighboring colleges. 1830! What a time of alarm and black omen in our fair country. 260 [1825 The college was secularized with no hurt to religion. The Theological Seminary was established, a technical graduate school, with the Bible for its first object. Hampden Sidney became and continued, in the face of dreadful discourage- ments, a place worthy of regard and held in estimation over a wide territory. Hampden Sidney has been a significant place from the first. It is folly to attach any importance to its mere age. Without such men as Mr. Cushing and Dr. Rice, of imagination and courage, there is no telling how insignifi- cant Hampden Sidney might have become soon after 1820. Hence the value of looking into the record — to find out who our authors were, and to be convinced that wholesome progress can never spring either from the meretricious or the com- placent. Thomas Atkinson b. 1807, d. 1881. Son of Robert Atkinson of "Mansfield," Dinwiddie County. Entered Hampden Sidney after Decem- ber 1823, and graduated in 1825. He had been a student at Yale, but was expelled for refusing to give evidence to the faculty against some of his friends who had been cutting up. Studied law under Judge Tucker at Winchester, and practiced with success for several years. In 1835 he was asked by the Board of Trustees of Hampden Sidney to deliver an address, October 3, 1836, in commemoration of President Cushing. November, 1836, he was ordained deacon in Norfolk, by Bishop Meade; became assistant at Christ Church, Norfolk, was consecrated priest in 1837, and served for a few years as rector of St. Paul's, Norfolk, and of St. Paul's, Lynchburg. Rector of churches in Baltimore for ten years after 1843, he was chosen Bishop of North Carolina, and was consecrated at St. John's Chapel, New York, in October, 1853. Bishop Atkinson was a man of intellect, worldly wisdom, piety and humanity. He is perhaps especially remembered for his share in the bringing together of North and South in the Episcopal Church after the Civil War. He made it plain to the House 1825] 261 of Bishops that he desired unity, but could not say he rejoiced at the outcome of the war. He was an elder brother of Presi- dent Atkinson of Hampden Sidney College. Their brother, William M. Atkinson, (Princeton, 1814), a lawyer and then a Presbyterian minister, was from 1826 for many years active as trustee of college and seminary at Hampden Sidney. John Barksdale b. 1798, d. 1829. Son of Rice Barksdale of Albemarle County, and grandson of Samuel Barksdale of Albemarle, whose wife was a daughter of Charles Wingfield, Sr. John Barksdale, having graduated at Hampden Sidney College in 1825, immediately entered the Seminary recently established by Dr. Rice at Hampden Sidney. In 1828 Mr. Barksdale was ready to begin his work as a minister. He was a missionary in Amelia County for a few months, and founder of Amelia Church. In 1829 he died at his home in Albemarle County. Woods, History of Albemarle County, p. 142. Francis Bartlett On the printed catalogue assigned to Athens, Ohio, Francis Bartlett may have come to Hampden Sidney through the agency of Dr. James Hoge of Columbus. It is interesting to note that Francis Bartlett came to Hampden Sidney College from Athens, Ohio, in 1821, and that Professor Samuel D. Hoge, late of Hampden Sidney, went to Ohio University at Athens in 1823. Immediately on his graduation in 1825 Mr. Bartlett entered the theological seminary at Hampden Sidney and took the full three years' course. He was for a time a minister in Brunswick County, Va., but returned to Ohio, and probably became pastor of a Congregational church there some years before his death in 1868. Union Seminary Catalogue. 262 [1825 Charles T. Beale Born in 1806 at Pattonsburg, Botetourt County. At Hamp- den Sidney about 1823-25; University of Virginia, 1826-27. Farmer. President of Bank of Virginia at Buchanan. University of Virginia Alumni Catalogue. Philip A. Boiling b. 1806, d. 1876. Brother of Robert Boiling (1812). Uni- versity of Virginia, 1825 (after a year at Hampden Sidney). Lawyer. Circuit Court Judge. Member of legislature from Buckingham County, 1831 and 1850. During the great de- bates of 1831-32, Mr. Boiling voted for emancipation. His home in Buckingham was called ' Willow Hill. ' Mr. Boiling was a Whig, and was beaten for Congress in 1835 by James W. Bouldin, a very close and very hot election. Dr. Mcllwaine's Manuscript. Of Dr. Mcllwaine's collections towards a general catalogue of Hamp- den Sidney College (work very carefully done, the facts secured by printed questionnaire) , only five cards have been preserved. These cards must have been numerous. One of the five remaining bears the number 739. What happened to Dr. Mellwaine's cards? This also is a mystery. On a card containing certain Boiling data, Colonel Hubard in his reply to Dr. Mcllwaine said he believed that Willie (pronounced Wiley) Jones Eppes, son of the Hon. John W. Eppes, had been a student at Hampden Sidney College. Nathaniel Francis Cabell b. 1807, d. 1891. Son of Nicholas Cabell, Jr., (q. v.) of Nelson County. His father died in 1809. His mother, a daughter of Col. Samuel W. Venable of Prince Edward County, came to live at her father's house, and N. F. Cabell was educated largely in Prince Edward County. He was four years at Hampden Sidney College, graduating in 1825; then two years at the Harvard Law School. He practiced law about four years at Prince Edward Court House. In 1832 he 1825] 263 succeeded to the ''Liberty Hall" estate in Nelson County, returned to that county, and lived there until a few years before his death. Mr. Cabell about 1837 became a Sweden- borgian outright. He not only adhered to those tenets, but was a productive student of the Bible as interpreted by Swedenborg. His most voluminous work of that sort was "The Triads of Scripture," of which only a small part has been published. Mr. Cabell made extensive collections to- wards a history of Virginia agriculture (see Virginia State Library Bulletin, 1913) ; assembled a mass of material illus- trating his own family history ; preserved valuable documents relating to Hampden Sidney College ; was the historian of the founding of the University of Virginia; in short was a man given to contemplation and laborious investigation. Brown, pp. 601-603. William Lewis Cabell Son of Dr. George Cabell, Sr., of Lynchburg. Educated at Hampden Sidney College (1821-25), and at the University of Virginia, 1826. For cutting up at the University, William L. Cabell had to be overhauled in solemn meeting of the Visitors, April 7, 1826, the last meeting attended by Mr. Jefferson. Mr. Cabell died at Red Sulphur Springs, the sum- mer of 1830. Brown, 243. Recollections of Lynchburg, 79. James B. Daniel James Daniel [1762-1841] of Cumberland and Albemarle, was one of the earliest supporters of the movement for a theological seminary at Hampden Sidney. He was a mem- ber of the Briery Church Committee (of Hanover Presby- tery) "for obtaining and establishing a Theological Library and School at Hampden Sidney College" — April, 180ft 264 [1825 James Daniel was also a member of the first Board of Trus- tees of Union Seminary in 1826. His son, James B. Daniel, a student at Hampden Sidney College, 1823-1825, was a resident of Mecklenburg County, (born 1805, died 1883), and the brother-in-law of the Rev. Samuel Lyle Graham, D. D., Professor in Union Seminary. Statement of William S. Morton of Charlotte County, 1920. Joseph S. Edie b. 1799, d. 1887. A. B., 1825. Teacher. Physician. Pres- byterian Elder. Lived at Christiansburg, Virginia, for many years. [Dr. Hooper's Manuscript]. The printed catalogues assign Joseph S. Edie to Athens, Ohio. Samuel D. Hoge during his time at Athens, Ohio, sent several students to Hampden Sidney. Hugh A. Garland Spotswood Garland, born in Albemarle County, served in his youth as deputy to William S. Crawford, clerk of Amherst. From 1808 to 1850 he was clerk of Nelson County. He was a man of great natural ability, was a forcible and elegant speaker, and very much of a wit. He sent two sons to Hamp- den Sidney College. Hugh Garland spent four years at Hamp- den Sidney, graduating in 1825. Apparently he was more than once uncertain whether to choose literature or law for his business. Prom 1826 to 1830 he was Professor of Greek at Hampden Sidney College. From 1820 for a few years there was an effort to make the college one of scientific studies well balanced by the classics of Greece and Rome. Professor Gar- land was active as Professor of Greek in stirring up interest within the Philanthropic Society and out of it in classical books and reading. Resigning his professorship he went to the University of Virginia for law, settled in Mecklenburg County and practiced with success. He represented that county in the legislature from 1833 to 1838. He was then made clerk of the House of Representatives ; and at the open- 1825] 265 ing of the session in 1839 raised a storm in Congress by omit- ting to read out the names of five New Jersey Whigs. In 1841, the Whigs getting so numerous at Washington, Mr. Garland removed to a farm near Petersburg ; and in 1845 went out to Missouri. He practiced law at St. Louis and died there about 1884 (?). He always had a great fancy for literary composition, and for philosophical meditation. His ''Life of John Randolph" (2 vols., 1850) is worth a careful reading. Old Virginia Clerks, 252. Life of John Quincy Adams (Am. Statesmen), 291-296. Life of Van Buren (Am. Statesmen), 320-322. Washington and Lee Historical Papers, No. 5, 203-210. Democratic Review, V. 263. Morris H. Garland General Samuel Garland of the Confederate Army [D. H. Hill's Division] who was killed in Maryland in 1862 at the battle of South Mountain, aetat. 32, was a son of Morris H. Garland of Lynchburg. Morris Garland, a student at Hamp- den College 1823-1825, was a lawyer. He married a daughter of Spotswood Garland, clerk of Nelson County, and General Samuel Garland therefore was a nephew of Hugh A. Garland and Landon C. Garland. Nerval D. Howe At Hampden Sidney College, 1820-1825, registered from Athens, Ohio. About 1826-27 a student at Union Seminary. Licensed as a minister of the Presbyterian church in 1829 for work in West Hanover Presbytery, but seems to have con- tinued as a minister only about five years. See Union Seminary Catalogue. Edmund Wilcox Hubard Dr. William Hubard of Charlotte County, (had studied at Edinburgh after leaving William and Mary), was in the State Senate for several terms after 1783, from the district com- 266 [1825 posed of Halifax, Charlotte and Prince Edward. His son, Dr. James Thruston Hubard of Buckingham County, sent two sons to Hampden Sidney College — Edmund W. Hubard and Robert T. Hubard. Edmund Wilcox Hubard, (born 1806, died 1872), was a representative in Congress from 1841 to 1847. His report (1844) on the limits (i.e. boundaries) of Virginia, embodying data submitted by Governor Tazewell, is a sort of classic of its kind. Edmund W. Hubard was a student at Hampden Sidney about 1825; his brother Robert T. Hubard (father of Col. Robert T. Hubard of Buckingham County) a few years later. See William and Mary College Quarterly, VI, 244-245. Raymond R. Minor Entered as a science student in Hampden Sidney Catalogue, 1825, and assigned to Prince Edward County ; but in 1821 set down as from Bedford County. It is not impossible Raymond Minor was a ward of Dr. Rice's. See letters of Dr. Rice to Harriet Minor, in Life of John Holt Eice, p. 180, &c. William Hartweli Perry b. 1802. Prince Edward County. Hampden Sidney, 1822- 1825. M. D., University of Virginia, 1829. Settled in Lunen- burg County, and practiced there many years. Died 1870. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. James Lanes Randolph Son of Peyton Randolph of Prince Edward County; at Hampden Sidney College, 1821-1825, and much interested while there in the affairs of the Union Society. It is very likely that the late Innes Randolph of Baltimore, poet and humorist (to whom has been attributed "The Night Before Christmas") was the son of James Innes Randolph of the notice. Mr. Innes Randolph was born at Winchester in 1837. 1825] 267 Isaac Read Born in Charlotte County. Son of Isaac Read (Trustee of Hampden Sidney College, 1803-1823, a brother of the Rev. Clement Read). Entered Hampden Sidney 1821. A. B., 1825. Lawyer. Whig. Candidate for Virginia Senate vs. Louis Bouldin about 1835. Removed to Charleston, West Virginia. Died in Brooklyn, N. Y. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. Alexander Rives b. 1806, d. 1885. Son of Robert Rives, of "Oakridge," Nelson County, a remarkable man. Robert Rives [1764-1845] fought in the Revolution, and then managed his own cam- paigns in business. His active commercial life fell between those momentous years in the history of American commerce, 1789 and 1815. Mr. Rives settled in the County of Nelson in 1815, having by skill, sagacity, judgment and success become one of the first of American merchants. He was in partner- ship for many years with Donald and Burton of London. Robert Rives sent three sons (possibly four) to Hampden Sidney College, viz.: William C. Rives, Landon C. Rives, Alexander Rives, and possibly George Rives (see Brown, p. 439). Alexander Rives graduated at Hampden Sidney in 1825, (at college he was held in estimation by his fellows for his judicial mind) , then studied law at the University of Vir- ginia, and settled for the practice in Albemarle County. He had at first accepted, but declined election to a chair at Wash- ington College. Like his brother William he was a Democrat until 1840; then a Conservative; and from 1844 to 1861 a Whig. He was in the legislature several terms and was a member of the Convention of 1850. Judge Rives was a Union man. After the war he acted for a time with the Conservative Party, but became a Republican. He was appointed by Presi- dent Grant Judge of the U. S. District Court for the Western District of Virginia. Judge Rives was a guest of Hampden 268 [1825 Sidney College at the Centennial Celebration in 1876. He was a member of the Episcopal church, like his father becom- ing a member of the church rather late in life. Brown, pp. 442-443. John James Royall Born at 'Royalton Mills/ Amelia County, in 1805. Entered Hampden Sidney 1821. A. B., 1825. Union Theological Semi- nary 1826-29. In charge of churches at Petersburg, in Fau- quier County, and at Winchester, 1829-1838. Active in the New School Presbyterian movement of 1837. Pastor of churches in Culpeper County, 1839-1856. Died suddenly at his home in Fauquier County, February, 1856. Mr. Royall married a daughter of the celebrated lawyer George Keith Taylor of Petersburg. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. Rough calculation seems to show that of the students listed here, eighteen of the eighteenth century became ministers — seventeen, from 1800 to 1813 — nineteen, from 1813 to 1821— and twenty, from 1821 through 1825. When theological instruction ceased at the college, and the president was a layman, Mr. Cushing (the president) was at once careful to ask a minister to come and be chaplain. Daniel Livermore Russell b. Concord, New Hampshire, 1800; at Hampden Sidney College 1822-1825 ; a student at Union Seminary, Hampden Sidney, for a year or two ; licensed as a minister by Hanover Presbytery, 1829. Mr. Russell was for some years a Presby- terian minister in North Carolina and Mississippi. About the year 1848 he became a member of the Baptist church. It is likely that he died in the South. Union Seminary Catalogue. 1825] 269 George B. Skillern Dr. Foote tells a story of Cary Allen's visitation, spring of 1794, at the house of Colonel Skillern of Pattonsburg, Bote- tourt County, 'an amiable old Virginia gentleman not par- ticularly inclined to religion.' Colonel Skillern was very much interested in James River improvements, and was with difficulty diverted from the topic on the Sunday morning. (Foote II, 231-233.) George B. Skillern of Botetourt, was a student at Hampden Sidney College 1824-25. He then went to the University of Virginia for a year, 1826-27. In 1828 he shot himself. George Skillern was born in the year 1807. See University of Virginia Alumni Catalogue. William J. Watkins b. 1808, d. 1884. Son of William M. Watkins of Charlotte County. A. B., Hampden bidney, 1825 ; lawyer ; removed to St. Augustine, Florida, and was elected mayor of the town. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript: and Statement of William S. Morton of Charlotte County, 1920. John Sinclair Watt Born in Richmond, January 22, 1802. Entered Hampden Sidney before 1820 (the name John Watt appears on Philan- thropic Society minutes as early as 1817). A. B., 1826. Stu- dent at Union Seminary, 1826-1829. Presbyterian minister and teacher in Amelia County, and at Staunton, Virginia; in Kentucky and in Tennessee. * After returning to Virginia his health and other causes prevented any regular work as a minister, and he engaged mainly in teaching and preaching as he had opportunity 'till his death in a friend's home near Petersburg, January 5, 1879.' Mr. Watt was a scholar and a controversialist. He was also something of a reformer. He lived in the North for awhile, and was made more tolerant of his own country by the talk of northern extremists. He is 270 [1825 remembered locally for his excellent sketch of the early his- tory of the Philanthropic Society. He was a guest at the Centennial Celebration of the College in 1876. John Sinclair Watt is buried in the church yard of St. John's Church at Richmond, twenty feet from the main entrance of the church, near the walk on the left side leaving the church. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. Union Seminary Catalogue. History of Henrico Parish and Old St. John's Church, p. 515. James M. Whittle Fortescue Whittle of County Antrim Ireland, left Ireland precipitately in the revolutionary year 1798. Settling in Mecklenburg County, Virginia, he married a daughter of Colonel William Davies, who was a son of Samuel Davies. James M. Whittle of Mecklenburg County, a student at Hamp- den Sidney College about 1825, was a son of Fortescue Whit- tle, and therefore a brother of Bishop Francis M. Whittle. Some of his brethren called Bishop Meade a Methodist because he was low church; and it is said that Bishop Whittle was now and then called a Presbyterian because he was low church. Bishop Whittle was not fond of operatic music (so styled) in the church. But then there are high church Presbyterians. James M. Whittle was a member of the Convention of 1851, and represented his county (Pittsylvania) in the State Senate during the Civil War. ORDER OF EXERCISES FOR THE PUBLIC PERFORMANCE AT HAMPDEN SIDNEY COLLEGE April 28, 1825 1. Latin Oration, by Junior W. A. Daniel of the Philanthropic Society. 2. English Oration, The Influence of the Feudal System on Literature by Junior T. Pryor, of the Union Society 1825] 271 3. Dialogue, The Bights of the Cherokee Indians to their Lands in Georgia by Freshmen S. V. Womack and A. B. Dawson, of the Philanthropic Society 4. English Oration The French Revolution by Senior T. Atkinson of the Union Society 5. Forensic, Was the Result of the Crusades Favourable to Human Happiness and Liberty? by Sophomores W. H. Perry and G. T. Swann of the Philanthropic Society. 6. Poem by N. D. Howe, of the Union Society 7. English Oration The Influence of Foreign Literature by Senior I. Bead, of the Philanthropic Society 8. Satirical Oration „ _ Modern Politics by Senior F. Bartlett, of the Union Society INTERMISSION OF HALF AN HOUR 9. Greek Oration, The Influence of Pericles' Administration on the Political Character of Greece by Junior W. W. Hudson of the Union Society 10. English Oration _ Literary Fame by Junior W. M. Peyton of the Philanthropic Society 11. T>i&LOGmi..„..Whether Public or Private Education is More Beneficial by Freshmen C. Irving and B. Crump of the Union Society 12. English Oration _ Imitation by Senior N. F. Cabell of the Philanthropic Society 13. Forensic, Is the Tendency of Theatrical Representations Injurious to Society? by Sophomores C. L. Mosby and W. B. Tinsley, of the Union Society 14. Liberia _ A Poem by Junior A. Hart of the Philanthropic Society 15. English Oration „ Love of Fame by Senior H. Garland of the Union Society 16. Satirical Oration, or Objurgatory Remarks by Senior J. J. Eoyall of the Philanthropic Society Exercises to commence at 10 o'clock — Music occasionally at intervals X826 George E. Dabney b. Campbell County, May 19, 1808. Entered Hampden Sidney, 1823; A. B., 1826. Studied law at University of Virginia, 1828. Principal of New London Academy, Bedford County, two years. Professor of Latin, &c, Washington Col- lege (Washington and Lee) 1837-1851; then Professor at Richmond College until it was closed by the civil war. Bap- tist. Died at Richmond, March 10th, 1868. [Dr. Hooper's Manuscript.'] Professor Dabney wrote a good deal for the magazines. Note his interesting analysis of public education in Virginia, 1841, Southern Literary Messenger , VII, 63 Iff. In 1849 he delivered the Alumni Society Address at the Uni- versity of Virginia, "On the Value of Writing." See Maxwell's Virginia Historical Register, III, 47. William Daniel, Jr. Born 1806, d. 1873. Son of Judge William Daniel, who until about 1819 lived in Cumberland County. Shortly before William Daniel, Jr., entered Hampden Sidney College, his father had removed to Lynchburg. Graduating at Hampden Sidney in 1826, William Daniel studied law at the University of Virginia, and began practice at Lynchburg which was his home until the end of his life. He was successful from the first, was elected as a Democrat to the House of Delegates at the age of twenty-four, serving three terms; but politics was not his destiny. He was a lawyer. At the age of forty he became a member of the Supreme Court of Appeals, and was a Judge of that Court until 1865 when the Alexandria govern- ment displaced him from the bench. Judge Daniel was active at the bar during the few years of life that remained to him after 1865, in partnership with his son-in-law, Don P. Halsey and his son John W. Daniel, later Senator in Congress. He 1826] 273 died suddenly while in attendance upon the circuit court of Nelson County. Judge Daniel was of a legal line. His father was a Judge ; his uncle Judge Briscoe Baldwin was for some years (1842-1852) on the Supreme Court bench; his father- in-law, by a second marriage, Judge Cabell, was President of the Supreme Court 1842-1851 ; and when Judge Daniel died, his brother-in-law, Judge Wood Bouldin, had recently been elected to the Supreme Court. Don P. Halsey, Jr., 1901 Kaleidoscope, pp. 22-26. Thomas L. Hamner b. 1806, d. 1854. Son of Samuel Hamner of Charlotte County, and brother of James Garland Hamner. The record in Union Seminary Catalogue is that Thomas L. Hamner, (Hampden Sidney College, 1824-26) before entering Union Seminary in 1833, had been a student at the University of Virginia. For a few years he was a minister in Maryland, and then for a year until 1845 at Harrisonburg in Virginia. After 1845 until his death, Mr. Hamner was a teacher in Bal- timore, and an agent of the American Sunday School Union. Andrew Hart b. 1804, d. 1879. Son of Andrew Hart of * '- Sunnybank, ' ' Albemarle County, a native of Scotland, who had come to Virginia as a factor for a Glasgow firm. Andrew Hart, senior, prospered in his business, was a stedfast Presbyterian and married a daughter of Samuel Leake, Trustee of Hampden, Sidney Academy. Andrew Hart's son (by a second marriage) Andrew Hart was a student at Hampden Sidney College, 1821- 1826, graduating in September 1826. He was then three years a student at Union Seminary, Hampden Sidney; and spent his life as a minister, chiefly at Charlotte Court House, 1830- 1847, and at Buchanan, Montgomery County, 1858-1875. Mr. Hart was for many years a Trustee of Union Seminary, and about 1848 was a field agent for that Seminary. He married 274 [1826 the widow of the Rev. B. F. Stanton, who from 1829 to 1842 was pastor of the College Church and of the Presbyterian Church at Farmville. Francis Fitzgerald Jones Born in Nottoway County, November 9, 1807. Entered Hampden Sidney 1822, left 1826. Planter in Brunswick County. Member of Virginia Senate, Brunswick District, 1849-50. Died at his home "The Oaks," in Brunswick County, July 2, 1865. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. James Newman A student at Hampden Sidney College 1822-1826, from Orange County, Mr. Newman was announcing, thirty-one years after, the commencement of "HILTON SCHOOL near Gordonsville, in the county of Orange, on the 1st of September, 1857: at the residence of the undersigned. The course of instruction will include the English, Latin, Greek, French, and Italian languages and their Literature, and Mathematics. The principal, my son R. H. Newman, has been educated at the University of Virginia, and is a graduate of that institution in most of the departments in which he will give instruction. Terms : Tuition and board, including everything, $200 for the session of ten months. JAMES NEWMAN." Southern Planter, September 1857, Supplement p. 11. 1826] 275 George N. N. Porter At Hampden Sidney College, 1823-1826, George N. N. Porter of Powhatan, was representing that county in the House of Delegates, 1840. It is interesting to set down the names of representatives in the legislature from Powhatan County that are identical with names on the register of Hamp- den Sidney College: 1786 Wade Mosby 1788 Thomas Turpin 1793 William Moseley 1817 _ Thomas Miller 1821 William Archer Cocke 1836 William C. Scott 1840 George N. N. Porter 1843 Ch astain Cocke Theodorick Pryor Born in Dinwiddie County, 1805. Entered Hampden Sid- ney 1823 ; A. B., 1826 ; 1st honor. Law at University of Vir- ginia, 1827. Practiced law a short time in Dinwiddie County. Studied theology at Princeton Seminary, 1830-31, and at Union Seminary, (Hampden Sidney), the following year. Presbyterian minister in Nottoway County over forty years. Also minister for a time in Baltimore and in Petersburg. Chaplain, C. S. A., Longstreet's Corps. Moderator, Synod of Virginia, 1845, and General Assembly of Southern Pres- byterian Church, 1883. Trustee Union Seminary, 1838-1852. D. D., Hampden Sidney College, 1852. Died at Nottoway Court House, 1890, and buried under the pulpit of the Brick Church there. Dr. Pryor was a preacher of conspicuous powers. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. Judge Roger A. Pryor of New York (Brigadier General, C. S. A., &c, Hampden Sidney, 1849) was a son of Theodorick Pryor. 276 [1826 George Whitefield Read Born in Charlotte County. Son of the Rev. Clement Read. Entered Hampden Sidney 1822. A. B., 1826. Lawyer in Danville, Virginia. Presbyterian Elder. Died at Danville, April 3, 1872. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. Nicholas E. Read Born in Charlotte County. Son of the Rev. Clement Read. Entered Hampden Sidney 1822; A. B., 1826. Farmer [see his " Remarks on Agricultural Societies, " Farmer's Register, II (1835) 531-536]. Presbyterian Elder: Roanoke Church, Charlotte County and in Danville. Died March, 1872. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. William B. Sydnor "To the community in this neighborhood it would be un- necessary to speak of Mr. Sydnor's character for judgment and general intelligence. To those to whom he is unknown we undertake to say once for all, that it is undisputed. He is by profession a Hay Maker. He cuts probably more blue than herds-grass, and is therefore uninfluenced by interested motives in his view of the subject. Mr. Sydnor insists that the herds-grass of the north is an entirely different article from the one we cultivate under that name." [Note by the editor in Southern Planter, Richmond, Sept. 1841, vol. I, p. 156.] Mr. Sydnor's letter follows: — "Having lived on Chicka- hominy creek or river (as it may be termed) for the last eight years, and turned my attention almost exclusively to the culti- vation of hay, I feel privileged to say something. My ex- perience in the matter satisfies me that as fine timothy and herds-grass can be raised on Chickahominy bottoms as on any 1826] 277 other unmanured land in lower Virginia ; and that three, four, and sometimes many more heavy crops have been and may be taken from the land without reseeding." William B. Sydnor of Hanover, entered Hampden Sidney in 1823, and remained three years, through the Junior class. Mr. Gushing, in his lectures, gave attention to agriculture. Benjamin P. Walker b. Buckingham County, July 29, 1806. Entered Hamp- den Sidney 1823; A. B., 1826. Lawyer. Presiding Justice of Appomattox County. Removed to Lynchburg. Episco- palian. Died in Bedford County, Nov. 1888. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. John Poythress Willcox b. 1805, d. 1857. Graduated [ ?] at Hampden Sidney Col- lege in 1826 ; University of Virginia, 1826-27. John P. Will- cox was one of a number of students at that period who liked to buy books and present them to his Literary Society. The Library of Hampden Sidney College owes a great deal to such philanthropists of the old times. Mr. Willcox was a farmer. His home, ' Flower dieu Hundred, ' in Prince George County, had been the residence of his family almost since the setting off of Prince George early in the eighteenth century. 1827 John Kendrick Converse b. Lyme, New Hampshire, 1801 ; d. 1880. Amasa Converse, of Lyme, New Hampshire, having graduated at Dartmouth, and studied theology at Princeton, came South, and as a mis- sionary in Nottoway County, was brought in touch with John Holt Rice. He settled in Richmond, at first editor and then owner of the religious publications established there by Dr. Rice. John K. Converse, brother of Amasa Converse, spent one year at Hampden Sidney College, graduating in 1827. He had already been a student at Dartmouth. He was then for a year or two, assistant to his brother in the publishing business at Richmond, but returned to the North and spent his life in Vermont, as a minister of the Congregational church. He was for many years President of the Burlington Seminary, a school for girls. Presbyterian Encyclopaedia. Edward C. Fisher A native of Richmond. Entered Hampden Sidney 1824. A. B., 1828. Physician. Superintendent of the Insane Asy- lum at Raleigh, North Carolina, from its opening in 1854 to 1868. Died at Staunton, Va., 1890. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. Dr. Fisher having helped to organize a charitable institu- tion, it is of interest to find that his graduating speech at Hampden Sidney College, Sept. 24, 1828, was on "The influ- ence of Charitable Institutions on Literature and Civiliza- tion." [Programme preserved by Richard N. Venable.] 1827] 279 George Fitzgerald Born at "The Glebe," Nottoway County. Entered Hamp- den Sidney 1823; A. B., 1827. M. D., University of Penn- sylvania, 1830. House of Delegates, 1840-1842. Democrat. Died at his home in Nottoway. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. William Giles Jones Born in Powhatan County, 1808. His father was a nephew of Governor Giles. Educated at Hampden Sidney College, and at the University of Virginia. Studied law under Judge Robertson. Admitted to the bar in 1830, and practiced several years in Virginia. Removing to Greene County, Alabama about 1834, he represented that county in the legislature in 1843. Then settling in Mobile, he was in the legislature again in 1849, and in 1857. Until 1852 he supported the Whig party, which had been a very strong minority party in Ala- bama. Appointed District Judge before the Civil War, he was reappointed during the war by President Davis. Judge Jones was living in 1872. Brewer, History and Resources of Alabama, Montgomery, 1872. James D. Ligon Born in Prince Edward County, 1808, the son of Thomas D. Ligon. Entered Hampden Sidney 1823; A. B., 1827. Studied law in Winchester. Settled on a plantation in Prince Edward County, on Bush River, and died there in 1884. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. James D. Ligon was a brother of Thomas Watkins Ligon (Hampden Sidney, 1830), Governor of Maryland. Governor Ligon is listed on this catalogue, since he was a student at Hampden Sidney as early as 1824. 280 [1827 James D. Minge A native of Charles City County. Entered Hampden Sid- ney, 1824. A. B., 1827. B. L., William and Mary, 1830. Farmer. Died 1843. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript. William Campbell Scott Born in Powhatan County, 1809. Son of a Scotch mer- chant [Peter Scott] of large means settled at Powhatan Court House. Entered Hampden Sidney 1823 ; A. B., 1827. B. L., University of Virginia, 1829. Whig in politics, and now and then in the legislature. Member of Secession Convention as a Union man, but signed the Ordinance. Colonel, C. S. A. Died in Powhatan County the day Richmond was evacuated. In his younger days Mr. Scott took his turn, at least once, on the old dueling ground near Powhatan Court House. Dr. Hooper's Manuscript, &c. George T. H. Swann In the History Book of the Philanthropic Society, George Swann of Cumberland County wrote in 1827, just before his graduation, ' ' During the present year it was resolved by both societies that anniversary orations should hereafter be de- livered in public on the day after commencement. The most pleasing task which your historian has to perform is to record the rapid and unexampled improvement which the members have shown in debating." These are interesting statements, both of them — anniversary orations and good debating being now rather obsolescent. George Thompson Swann was prob- ably the grandson of Thompson Swann, clerk of Cumberland County during the Revolution. George Swann was a lawyer. Dr. Richard Mcllwaine has made a note in his collection of early catalogues that George Swann was a Judge — circuit judge. 1827] 281 William M. Tredway b. 1809, d. 1891. Son of Moses Tredway of Prince Edward County, who was born in Chesterfield County. Moses Tred- way owned the 'Roxbury' farm to the west of Hampden Sidney, and was a member of the county court. William M. Tredway graduated at Hampden Sidney College in 1827, then studied law and established himself in Pittsylvania County; For a number of years he was Commonwealth's attorney of Pittsylvania County; was a member of the Conventions of 1851 and of 1861 ; was a member of Congress 1845-1847 ; and for some years was Judge of the fourth Circuit, living at Chatham. His son was the late Judge James L. Tredway, of Pittsylvania, also a graduate of Hampden Sidney. Tredways have been influential in Hampden Sidney affairs from an early period. George W. Dame b. 1812, d. 1895. George W. Dame, a nephew of President Cushing, came to Hampden Sidney from Eochester, New Hampshire to begin studies as a grammar school boy. He entered the Academy attached to the College in 1824, and graduated at the college in 1829. In 1834 he was appointed assistant to Mr. Cushing, with the title of Professor of Geology and Mineralogy. Until the appointment of Draper in 1836, Mr. Dame was apparently acting professor of Natural Philo- sophy.* In 1838 he was a student at Union Seminary, Hamp- den Sidney, preparing for work as a minister of the Episcopal church. He spent his life after 1840 in Danville, rector of Camden Parish. He was the Bishop of Camden Parish, known as a furtherer of every good work in the community. Dr. Dame (D. D., Hampden Sidney College, 1891) served as the first superintendent of public schools of his county (Pitt- *Mr. Dame published in 1838 (American Quarterly Register, Boston) a pretty full sketch of the life of President Cushing. That article was signed George W. Dame, M. D., of Lynchburg, Virginia. 282 [1829 sylvania), from 1870 to 1882; and for many years before the end of our civil war was principal of a school for girls at Danville. Inexplicable it is how often, how inevitably almost, sound ideas at their broaching are balked or twisted, or nullified, or stolen, so to speak. In 1828 Dr. Rice, Mr. Cushing, and Richard N. Venable were appointed a Committee of the Board of Trustees to prepare a history of Hampden Sidney College. Those were three men whose time was fully occupied. No one of them, nor the three of them together, could go about such a task. What Mr. Cushing ? s nephew George Dame was doing from 1829 to 1834 does not appear. Maybe he was teaching school in the neighborhood. Certainly he must have been busy for part of the time, by commission of his uncle, in the assembling of material for a history of Hampden Sidney College. But the times were out of joint. Those were bad years all round in the community. In his old age Dr. Dame related how he had become greatly interested in getting together the facts for a history, and an alumni catalogue, of the college. He talked with early Trustees ; old inhabitants ; pupils of the first two Presidents, and others. He made memoranda. He made out "a catalogue of all the students who were ever at the college." And then came the hitch, and the twist and the nullification. The ground of the trouble is not worth men- tioning. The proceedings in the matter were disgraceful. The historian got in a righteous huff, turned his papers over to the Secretary of the Board ; the Secretary bundled the papers up, and that was the end of them. Who would have thought it ? But all that is a part of the history of Hampden Sidney. And strange enough it is, as we grow out of the old rank prejudices, we regret the age that bred them. Landon Cabell Garland b. 1810, d. 1895. Son of Spotswood" Garland, for over forty years clerk of Nelson County. Almost immediately after 1828] 283 graduation at Hampden Sidney College, in 1829, he was chosen Professor of Natural Sciences at Washington College, Lexington. He remained at Lexington until 1832, giving proof of his abilities and skill. Those were disturbed years at Washington College; under the unconventional President Louis Marshall. Going to Randolph Macon College, just established, Professor Garland became President of that Col- lege in 1835. Thence he went, in 1847, to the University of Alabama (chair of mathematics and physics). In 1847 also he was offered the presidency of William and Mary. In 1855 he succeeded Dr. Manly as President of the University of Alabama, and thus continued until the destruction of the buildings by invading troops in 1865. The next year he took charge of the chair of physics at the University of Mississippi, where he remained until the spring of 1875, when he was made Chancellor of the new Vanderbilt University. This office he held until 1893. ' I do not know of another professional career so long continued and so successful in every way. Of course he had a wiry physique. It is equally plain that he had superior abilities and high character. ' Chancellor Garland was very fond of outdoor sports. Dr. William H. Ruffner, "History of Washington College," in Washington and Lee Historical Papers, No. 6, p. 101. Nathaniel Pope Howard 'Of our elder people, many can call back the time, in the autumn of 1828 when at Hampden Sidney, crowned with the highest honors of his class, Nathaniel Pope Howard, a Rich- mond boy, passed from college into life. A few weeks ago, on that fearful seven and twentieth of April [1870] in the Capitol of his State, he breathed out his pure, kind spirit. Between the two limits lie more than forty years of a student 's labor and a student's success; a patient, untiring life, so full of wisdom and goodness, so rich in manly worth, in work well done, in accurate and prodigious learning as to give him title to be named among the foremost Virginians of our time. 284 [1828 There is no need to say how pure and high was his character as a lawyer, or his reputation. There was not, as competent judges have declared, in America a counsellor of greater legal learning or of more practiced legal mind. He was a juris- consultus of the type of imperial Rome. His arguments were like the well-digested page of a great commentator. Out of the maze of authorities and precedents, the doctrines at issue were evolved with logical precision and presented in clear and simple harmony. But there was another and a more neglected department of thought and research for which his adaptation was, we think, more perfect, and where his life's work would have left a deeper and more lasting mark. As a classical scholar, in his full and critical knowledge of the Greek, and especially of the Latin tongue, and of their literature, Mr. Howard was, we have little doubt, the most thoroughly learned man of our country. The range of his reading was enormous; this, com- bined with rare sagacity, deep feeling for style and a strong memory, gave him such knowledge of the vocabulary and phraseology of the classical Latinity as no American scholar has surpassed. A man may be a fine verbal scholar whilst absolutely wanting in the critical faculty. But Mr. Howard, upon the basis of his verbal scholarship made himself a critic. The rigor and masterly power of his exegesis equalled any- thing that we have heard from the most famous teachers. The direct and natural result of his habit of thoughtful and daily reading, was his full and absolute sway over the Latin tongue as the means of expressing his own thoughts. He said that he who would know how to read, must know how to write. His own Latin style was so simple, so natural, so purely idiomatic, as to show that his thoughts, from long dwelling on the classic models, had come to find their direct and natural utterance in the classic tongue. Should his Commentary on Lucretius ever be given to the public, scholars will, we are convinced, be no less struck by the merits of his Latinity than by the wisdom of his criticism. 1829] 285 The grave has closed over a great scholar and a noble gen- tleman, one whom it was good to know. The purity and grandeur of a life in scholarship have never, in any man, been better shown/ Thomas R. Price: in Virginia Educational Journal, June, 1870, pp. 259-265. When Mr. Howard entered Hampden Sidney College, Pro- fessor Marsh was teaching the classics; at the time of his graduation, Garland and Page were in charge of that depart- ment, both pupils of Marsh. It is known that Mr. Howard was introduced to severe methods of scholarship by William Burke and John Clarke, Trinity College (Dublin) men who in the 20 's were teaching in Richmond. Edgar Allan Poe and Nat. Howard were the foremost Latinists at John Clarke's Academy. Col. Preston in his reminiscences said, "If I put Howard as a Latinist at Clarke's on a level with Poe I do him full justice. Yet with all his superiorties, Poe was not the master spirit, nor even the favourite of the school. I assign, from my recollection, this place to Howard." Ingram's Life of Poe, pp. 16-19. Benjamin Mosby Smith b. 1811, d. 1893. Son of Josiah Smith of ' Montrose,' Powhatan County. Entered Hampden Sidney College in 1825, and graduated in 1829. After teaching a year or two, and studying at Union Seminary, (appointed Tutor in Hebrew while still a student), followed work in the Oriental languages in Germany, (University of Halle). In 1853, having been pastor of churches at Danville, Staunton, &c, Dr. Smith was chosen Secretary of the Board of Publication of the Presby- terian Church, but the next year relinquished that work for the professorship of Oriental literature in Union Seminary at Hampden Sidney; he was made professor emeritus in 1891, after nearly forty year's tenure. Dr. Smith was one of the builders of Union Seminary in Virginia. He was closely 286 [1829 connected, by kinship and association, with John Holt Rice, (the founder), at college living in Dr. Rice's house during the earliest years of Dr. Rice's Seminary. In 1833, while a student at the Seminary, Dr. Smith compiled a catalogue of the library of the Seminary — after the Civil war he compiled another, and found that only two or three volumes of his first list were missing. In 1853, when Union Seminary was not going on prosperously, Dr. Smith began the business, of rehabilitation. After the Civil War, when the Seminary had lost all its money, Dr. Smith secured large contributions for its support. He was the builder and manager of the Seminary Library, now the Library of Hampden Sidney College. The Brown Memorial Library at Hampden Sidney is due to the work of Dr. Smith. Dr. Smith was the author of the extra- ordinary Alumni Catalogue of Union Seminary. It must be emphasized that Benjamin Mosby Smith was the pupil of John Holt Rice, and of Jonathan Cushing the re- organizer of Hampden Sidney College. John Holt Rice in- terested the young Smith in education as a vital power; Mr. Cushing showed him something of the broad field of science — the example of both was the example of men working for a purpose, in the face of expected and unusual difficulties. Leaving college in his eighteenth year, Smith began teaching in North Carolina. Soon after, in 1831, the North Carolina Institute of Education was formed at Chapel Hill. "The objects of the meeting were explained by Mr. Benj. M. Smith of Milton in an appropriate and highly interesting address." In 1833 Benjamin M. Smith, again of Hampden Sidney, was secretary of the Institute of Education of Hampden Sidney College, an organization that was in action from 1833 until 1836. The chief movers were President Cushing and Secre- tary Smith : and their object was to do something to make conditions better in the item of public elementary schooling. A few years later, in 1841, Dr. Smith, then of the Valley of Virginia, submitted an elaborate report on Primary Schools to the State Educational Convention of that year. When the new public school system was established in Virginia, Dr. 1829] 287 Smith performed for eleven years the duties of superintendent for Prince Edward County. For fifty years, from 1842, he served as a Trustee of Washington College, Lexington. He was a practical man of ideals. What he said of John Holt Rice was true of himself — ' Next to his desire for the advance- ment of the church was his wish to see his own native State go forward in essential virtue and well contrived public en- deavor. ' Dr. Smith regarded President Gushing as the best teacher he had ever seen. When Smith joined the Freshman class at Hampden Sidney College, Mr. Cushing had begun his recon- struction of the place. 1825 was a notable year in the com- munity. The Old College was still in existence, its shabby rooms full of under classmen. The New College was partly done, and Seniors were lodged there. Across the ' rolling road, ' Dr. Rice 's Seminary was going up, and the rolling road was soon to be a Via Sacra. It was something of a boom time, and speculation in land was brisk. Benjamin Smith came to the place when it was assuming the form it kept for seventy years and more. He could not know that he was to be one of the chief factors in the maintenance of that form. His remi- niscences of his first Freshman days are therefore of especial, most timely interest — "Our party reached King's Tavern. Supper was highly relished and then we walked up through the woods on a path now the road. The main carriage road skirted to the east, down hill, across a muddy bottom. We all went to the Southeast corner, third story, east wing [New College] and there was the usual shouting and talking. Our walk had brought us first to a house of one story, supplied with passage and attics. This was the President's house, [standing on the edge of the orchard opposite the baseball ground]. In the yard was a brick house, a little west of the President's house, built by President Cushing for his own use. A little outside of these premises was a two story house, with one room and a passage on each story called the Library. This building contained about five hundred volumes, and was also occupied by one of the Professors as a study. Directly 288 [1829 south of this house was the Old College, a three story building of brick, having four rooms on each story and with the stair steps almost worn out. A little way west of south was the Steward's Hall, a one story wooden structure. On a path leading thence northwest to the spring, was a small house with a shed called 'The Fort/ used as a dormitory by two students/' — In other words, we have got along so far from 1825 that we shall have to do something about the local archae- ology. Dr. Smith made no map. He could have done so. He had imagination. For the April Exhibition, 1829, he wrote a comedy, "Every man for himself," and acted the part of the Honorable Obadiah Testy. At his graduation in Septem- ber, he made the Philosophical Oration, which meant that Landon Garland was taking the first honor, and Benjamin Smith the second, or it may be they were both firsts. Jpote The object of this piece of work has been to show in some degree what one of the colleges of the State had accomplished before the University began business ; and to offer proof that of the three colleges of the State before 1825, Hampden Sid- ney, next to William and Mary, was the most important. New built in 1824, after 1830 Washington College was thor- oughly overhauled and outdistanced Hampden Sidney. With 1830 Randolph Macon started up (a few miles away in Meck- lenburg County), and was soon pretty strong. Hampden Sid- ney having withstood many difficulties was in 1825 cheerfully beginning a nineteenth century programme. Then a new tangle of problems came on, (regional problems and neigh- borhood or, as it were, family problems), and the place was before long in straits. But there was an Old College of Hampden Sidney many years before the railroad supervened. The showing made in these pages is for that Old College, with all its faults an institution vital in the State. Just before his death Mr. Cushing reiterated : ' ' Although Hampden Sidney College has had to encounter many diffi- culties for want of funds, yet it has generally been in success- ful operation and has educated upwards of 2,000 young men. More instructors have emanated from this Institution than from any other in the Southern country.* ' [see Martin's Gazetteer of Virginia, Charlottesville, 1835, p. 266]. A hur- ried examination of these pages now submitted will show the names of certainly fifty men who followed studies at Hamp- den Sidney and were afterwards teachers. We cannot defend our old system of education. We cannot defend the modern system. It is, however, gratifying to know that as long as our colleges are kept up, we may get from them many teachers. In alarm at 'the cumbrous machinery of public patronage,' it can do no hurt to be informed a little of what went on in our community without all that. 290 And finally, attention is asked to a few words written in 1838 (see Farmers' Register, vol. VI, p. 292), by Edmund Ruffin, who knew our country perhaps better than any other man. Mr. Ruffin said: "In the country which surrounds and sustains Hampden Sidney College, there is found a pop- ulation whose intellectual and moral worth, and whose marked success as farmers and men of business, prove beyond doubt or cavil the great profits, individual and pecuniary as well as general and national, which the people have derived from their lijberal and long continued support of that college." From the record, it is plain to see that the counties of South- side Virginia were sending boys to college before 1825. And it is to be remembered that the record as here presented is very inadequate. How many names are not on the list, no body knows. A rough estimate, by counties [drawn from the indexes supplied], of the boys of Southside Virginia at Hamp- den Sidney College before the end of 1825: Prince Edward „ „.107 Charlotte _ 70 Cumberland 40 Powhatan 33 Nottoway ... „ .... 27 Buckingham „ _ „... _.. 26 Campbell [Lynchburg, 16] „ „ 25 Halifax ..„ - „ „ 23 Lunenburg „ 19 Amelia -...., 18 Mecklenburg „ „ .„ _ 17 Dinwiddie _ - 10 Brunswick 7 Pittsylvania „ 7 Counties outside Southside Virginia (not listing any below 7) Nelson _ 21 Albemarle >- 14 Goochland 14 Bedford 13 Amherst 11 Eichmond City 11 Hanover _ 7 Louisa _ _ 7 North Carolina „ „ _ 31 South Carolina 7 i&osterg April Exhibition. College terms were regularly through 1825 from November 1st to May 1st, from June 1st to October 1st. In April, towards the close of the winter term there was an Exhibition — speeches, a farce or comedy, &c. Commencement. September 29th. Common Hall. The old Common Hall or Chapel was a frame building, put up about 1785. The timbers came from French's Church, near King's Tavern. This hall served as college church and chapel. The brick church, in its first form, was built in 1820. Comparisons. There are about 800 names of students listed in this work. From 1776 to 1825 William and Mary lists about 800 names, and Washington and Lee about 750. The University of Virginia opened March 7, 1825. There were, say 120 students that year, quite enough to have closed the doors of two of the old colleges, if that was the way things worked. Court House. Prince Edward Court House was the place to go during this period. Taverns were there,- the stage came in there; there were law students about the court house, lawyers, and orators, horse traders, and strolling players. Doubtless there was a faro bank (or chance for a hand at loo) at the Court House often on court days. The postofiice may have been there — certainly there was no postoffice at Hampden Sidney until after 1850. From 1830 for thirty years there was the added attraction of a celebrated school for girls near the court green. Farm- ville was nothing until about 1820. * These posters would be more to the point if accompanied by a map. We must certainly have a historical map of the place. 292 Curriculum. Sonthey's tutor at Balliol said to him in 1792: "You won't learn anything by my lectures, so if you have any studies of your own you had better pursue them." There was a ponderous curriculum at Hampden Sidney before 1825, as at Washington College, that contemporary foundation. Diets. Diets varied. In 1777, before adjourning for five years, the Board ordered : ' ' for breakfast, bread and milk, the remainder of their breakfast may be of meats, or some agreeable light dish; and for their dinners, a sufficient quantity of meats with vegetables or sauce, as they re- quire; or such other diets as may be agreeable to the students and approved by the Trustees — their suppers the same as their breakfast." Breakfast at 8, dinner at 1, supper at 8. Not long after 1825, morning chapel was at thirty minutes after sunrise, and breakfast was at 6. Dissent. Bishop Meade's account of the sad state of the Church of England in Virginia is not now taken at face value by his brethren in Virginia: many of them assert indignantly that the evidence can be produced to show that the church in Virginia was active and worthily at work up to the disorganizations of the Revolution. There is something to be said for this revised interpretation, and on the local facts as shown in the Vestry Book of St. Patrick's Parish (now preserved at Alexandria Semi- nary). It is remarkable that Bishop Meade's account of St. Patrick's Parish suppresses, as it were, the record of progress made by the vestry. It is plain that Bishop Meade did not have the Vestry Book before him when he wrote; his statement is largely the statement of some one, half Episcopalian and half Presbyterian — the writer seems almost to be posing as an Episcopalian. This is a very important matter and should be set right as far as possible. The origins of Hampden Sidney are too inter- esting to be allowed to go cloaked in misconceptions. 293 As a matter of fact the establishment of Hampden Sidney was revolutionary business, and it is really rather surprising that Peter Johnston, a member of the vestry of St. Patrick's Parish, should have been willing to en- courage the enterprise. Nathaniel Venable, clerk to the vestry for a number of years, was by old inheritance a dissenter. The Vestry Book shows that the Church of England was quite active in the parish up to the Revo- lution; the church was well supported and served by ministers of character, James Garden and James Macart- ney. Bishop Meade knew nothing of Macartney. Note this most interesting minute in the vestry 's proceedings : "Nov. 10, 1761— Whereas the upper church, [Buffalo Church] is situate among the dissenters, the Vestry hath thought proper the service at that church to cease from this time, and that the Revd. Mr. Garden have notice of the same, and the clerk and sexton." That is to say, Mr. Sankey and his regular Old School Presbyterians had pretty well taken the Buffalo District during the three or four years before 1761. St. Patrick's Vestry, without any ill-tempered remarks, let go of that territory and at once took steps elsewhere. Before the end of the year the vestry had arranged for a new church at Sandy River, to replace an old church ; for a new church in a new place, viz. French 's church at Kingsville ; and for a new chapel in the western end of the parish. The two churches were to be 24x48, with a 16ft. pitch, commodious enough. Mr. James Garden, minister of the parish, died early in 1773. He was succeeded toward the end of the year by James Macartney, of Granville Parish, North Carolina, a man thoroughly recommended both for conduct and scholar- ship. Mr 1 . Macartney was particularly well regarded by Governor Tryon, who had a good eye for character. It is not unlikely that James Macartney was the writer signing himself "Luther" in the Virginia Gazette, in opposition to the plans for founding Hampden Sidney. Mr. Macartney had been assistant master in the Newbern 294 Academy, an excellent endowed school begun in 1764 by Thomas Thomlinson of Thursby, Cumberland (north of England). Macartney was a native of Ireland. Something for nothing is not the rule. If young Sam : Smith (member of Prince Edward County Committe of Safety) and young Blair Smith had not been fighting men, Hampden Sidney could not have been established. Presbytery was behind them, but Presbytery, of course, could take no outright stand in 1775 or for that matter in 1783. Presbytery represented a foreign element in Virginia, and had to prove up by brains, by genuine piety and industry. The Baptists were the old native Virginia Independents. John Wesley showed those of the church of England in America, who were willing to learn, how they might set up an American church. The Presbyterians were Scots. Had it not been for Davies they might have gained hardly any footing in Eastern Virginia before the Revolution. But Davies, dead in 1761, had already made Hampden Sidney possible. There is no discussing religion itself. Either you have it, or you have it not. But the organizations and the paraphernalia of religion are most fitly, most importantly matters of discussion. Samuel Davies performed a great service. He came to Virginia, where the Church of Eng- land was better fixed than anywhere else in the colonies, and made it perfectly plain to the governors of Virginia that any programme of theirs looking to the exclusion of the church of Scotland was not only mistaken in law but practically foolish. Then the French war helped greatly towards encouraging the American Idea in Virginia. The Revolution once begun, the American Idea grew almost riotously. So the circumstances of the founding of Hamp- den Sidney College, in the years 1774, 1775, and 1776, are of very great interest. Had the college not been estab- lished then, progress of the Revolution would have pre- vented establishment. As it was, progress of the Revo- lution almost extinguished even the chartered institution. 295 How came Hampden Sidney College to be founded in those years, by Presbyterians and yet not by Presby- terians? Peter Johnston, donor, was no advocate of the Revolution. It has been said the land he gave the Academy was not the best land he had. That is not the point. The picturesque showing for those wonderful years is that an American college was founded in Prince Edward County, Virginia, on land of a rather un-Ameri- can old gentleman — first foundation at the opening of the Revolution and charter by the State the year of the Peace : most opportune, most interesting, most significant. Fives. This is the only game mentioned in the early records. Students were fond of keeping dogs, now and then horses, and sometimes other peoples' pigs or cows. Gaudeamus igitur. Frontispiece. "The engraving, the frontispiece of this volume is a copy of one found among the papers of a lady who in her young days was a member of the con- gregation and also of the church under the care of Mr. Davies in Hanover. She lived to the advanced age of about ninety years. The Rev. Dr. William S. White [Hampden Sidney, 1824] was her nephew. Upon search- ing a few years since among the old lady's mementos and keepsakes and papers which had been carefully preserved by the family, this picture was found and recognized as the one she so highly prized. Sometimes, Dr. White remembers, the old lady would get from her cabinet of mementos a little gilded frame with the face of a man, and set it before her, and read the sermons of Davies with deep emotion. Dr. W. remembers such expressions as — 'Dear man! how like him! I can hear his voice as I read'." — Statement of Dr. Cortlandt Van Rensselaer, editor of the Presbyterian Magazine, in vol. Ill (1853) of that magazine, p. 570. Dr. Van Rensselaer had in his youth been a resident of Hampden Sidney, a student at the Seminary there. He was very familiar with the ter- 296 ritory of Davies in Virginia. He tjould not be altogether certain that this was the likeness of Davies. "The editor does not deny," he said, "that this may be Davies, but he confesses that he is not free from doubt. On this account no name has been added to the engraving. Anti- quarians will probably be able to throw light on the sub- ject. The testimony of the good lady is quite decisive as to the point that the portrait resembles Davies. This gives it value even if it be an engraving of some other person. ' ' Dr. Foote seems to have accepted this as a portrait of Davies, At any rate, it is interesting to have what evidence there is regarding a portrait generally supposed to be that of Davies. Davies, of course, was the founder of Hampden Sidney College. But for him the milieu would have been quite impossible that way. In 1823, when Dr. Rice was arguing points of church history with Bishop Ravenscroft and the revived Episcopal organization, Dr. Rice said, to show somewhat where he stood: "About eighty years ago a train of remarkable providences brought into the colony of Virginia the Rev. Samuel Davies, a man who would have done honor to any church in any age. The Estab- lishment was then in its vigor. The energy of that dis- tinguished man, however, succeeded in securing the pro- tection of the law to the Presbyterian Church which was then organized in the colony. [That is to say, in the eastern parts of the colony.] The progress of this Society in Virginia in later times has been so slow that one can scarcely believe the accounts of its rapid growth in the days of Davies and his compeers." First Davies, one might say, then Rice. Illustration. Under Frontispiece has been given an especial explanation of the portrait of Davies. It will be set forth here why in a biographical account chiefly of alumni none of their pictures appears, but only portraits of head men of the establishment. The reason is simple. It would 297 have required more time and patience than were at com- mand to assemble many portraits of these alumni, and a mere scattering of such pictures, while interesting, would have been poorly representative. The text is the thing, after all. Even Carlyle, who wanted to scrutinize a por- trait of every personage he dealt with, printed hardly any in his books. And then again these men, whose portraits you have here after that of Davies, ran the place made possible by Davies. If they had not been in charge, it is probable enough that others would have been, but that is no more than saying that Hampden Sidney the place, it is quite conceivable, might have shown a very different career. These men ran the place, and in so far were the place. It is useless to enter into elucidation of obscure causes and non-apparent but powerful influences. Samuel Stanhope Smith may have left the place because he did not like the cook, and Dr. Hoge may have come because he married in the neighborhood. Who the janitors were during the period, we cannot say. It is well-known that an efficient, or just a characterful janitor may be almost the boss of any such institution. The part of the Trustees has been recorded elsewhere. John Blair Smith in portraiture here may stand for the two Smiths — himself and his brother. Samuel Stan- hope Smith was not the founder. He came at a time when the mounting optimism of the Revolution was rather high, fell in with the trend of the times there (an admirable young man for the moment), and left when discourage- ments were formidable. John Blair Smith saw the place through, from beginnings in revolution, on to new estab- lishment by revolution and sore perplexities consequent. The human mind is not to be held by charter. John Blair Smith, like other revolutionists, had to face unexpected results and turns and twists. Mr. Jefferson heard from John Eppes that "Smith had abandoned Hampden Sid- ney." Mr. Jefferson never perhaps comprehended some of the striking moral effects of the revolution he had 298 helped to negotiate ; but it cannot be denied that he was very much an agent in assuring play to the diversity of moral effect incalculable from the Revolution. Archibald Alexander, a single-minded Christian man of wonderful balance of character, re-established Hampden Sidney out of something of a welter of ecstasy and rationalism at odds, the beckoning West and Southwest also at the time making the region restless. Dr. Van Rensselaer had heard at Hampden Sidney or somewhere that "the insti- tution never had as many students as during Alexander's administration. Coming to the college when it was at its lowest point of depression, he was permitted to see it rise to its highest prosperity. ' ' Dr. Van Rensselaer men- tions "the eagle quickness of Alexander's eye and the calm confidence of his spirit/ ' [Presbyterian Magazine, II, 25-34.] Dr. Hoge, receiving a college from Alexander and Rice, (who had found none), maintained the place and gave it the stamp of a church school — anomalous, 18th century, but reputable and viable. Certainly, Hamp- den Sidney for a good many years was Dr. Hoge, whose administration was the first of its kind there and the last for about a hundred years. Dr. Rice and Mr. Cushing modernized the place, the one with the moral effects of the Revolution in view, the other as a layman keen for science. The picture of Mr. Cushing 's plant is that found in Howe's Historical Collections, say of 1840. It is to be regretted that the artist, Henry Howe himself, of New England, did not take in more of the landscape; and it is strange that there is nothing to show in illustration of the Old College, and that this seems to be the only drawing of the New College coming down from that era. It looks as if Cushing and Draper between them might have done better than that. Maybe they did. Dr. Rice's plant fared more illustriously in this respect, but not until 1850 — temp. Professor Sterling or Dr. Joseph Wilson — this picture being taken from a print in Dr. Sampson's Inaugural Address. 299 July 4th. The college being in session during July, July 4th was a great day. The literary societies had their orators, and the revolutionary soldiers of the neighborhood were assembled. There was much good cheer, and members of the faculty even were sometimes ^involved in too many toasts. Library House. House for a library and for the philosophical apparatus was put up about 1803. This had disappeared, along with most of the, Old College plant, before 1840. LL. D. Mrst doctorate conferred September 29, 1825. The institution showed a surprising restraint in these matters during its first half century. New College. The New College, i. e., Cushing Hall, was building from 1822 to 1830. The east wing and middle block were done before the end of 1822. After the west wing was added, the Old College was used for awhile as the Grammar House or School, and was then pulled down to make a new president's house. [For description of Old College, see article, B. M. Smith.] Seminary. Dr. Rice's Seminary, like the New College, went up by installments, as money came in — first the east end 1823-1824; and then the middle block and west end to- wards 1831. Hampden Sidney began to shift its base around 1825, junking the old landmarks. Springs. There were several springs near the college, one of them called the ' College Spring.' But there must have • been a well or two for the larger supply. Those who chose the site knew what air, water, and watersheds are. The health of the place has been wonderfully good, both in term time and vacation. Steward. List of stewards is about as follows : Capt. Phile- mon Holcombe, Mr. Young, Capt. William Bibb, Major Overstreet, to 1783 ; Major Morton to 1794 ; Mr. Charles 300 Jones, Mr. Nat. Jarney to 1800; Mr. Moses Tredway to 1813; then Mr. Thomas E. Miller for a short time; and Col. Armistead Burwell for ten years after 1820. Stores. There seems to have been no regular merchandising at Hampden Sidney for many years. There were mer- chants at the Court House; there was Major Morton's store, half way to Kingsville, until after 1815 ; there was Wood's store, from 1812, a little farther on towards Kingsville ; from about 1825 there was the very active business of Thweatt, Anderson and Miller, near Kings- ville (just this side). The college owned Kingsville until after 1825, rented out a store and a tavern there. It was a rather complicated business for a college to run a tavern in those days. We cannot comprehend the old times. Business and manufacturing were in the country. The country was full of movement and various life. There are awful penalties about standardization. Trustees. Through 1825 there were seventy-five Trustees, five of them Presidents of the institution and therefore members of the Board. You could not well go to town for a Trustee then. Of the seventy non-teaching Trus- tees, the distribution was thus: Prince Edward, 31; Charlotte, 14; Cumberland, 7; Amelia and Nottoway, 4. Lunenburg, Powhatan, Halifax, Amherst, 2 each; Buck- ingham, Albemarle, Bedford, Campbell, Orange, Louisa, 1 each. 3Lt0t Adams, Thomas J . , 1823 Dinwiddle Aiken, Richard, 1825 Petersburg Alexander, John M., 1815 Rockbridge Allen, Abraham M., 1823 Prince Edward (M. D., (Phil. Soc. Cat.) ) Allen, Cary C, 1811 Prince Edward Allen, Daniel, 1806 , , Cumberland (Note Daniel A. Allen, House of Delegates, Cumberland, 1811) Allen, Thomas, 1807 Prince Edward Allen, William, 1806 _ Prince Edward Allen, William A., 1802, A. B Cumberland (?) Anderson, Edward, 1809 Chesterfield (?) Anderson, Michael, 1810 .._ Anderson, Robert N., 1818 Cumberland Aderson, Samuel C, 1814 Cumberland Anderson, Thomas H., 1818 , Andrews, Nathaniel, 1812 ». Anthony, James C, 1824 Lynchburg Archer, John Y., 1825 Amelia Archer, Napoleon, 1822 Chesterfield Archer, William S., 1805 Amelia Armistead, Jesse S., 1823, A. B ...Cumberland Armistead, John, 1823 Atkinson, Thomas, 1825, A. B Dinwiddie Baber, James, 1816 Hanover Bacon, George L. G., 1814 Nottoway Bacon, James, 1814 Lunenburg ( ?) Bacon, James E. P., 1822 Nottoway Baker, Daniel, 1813 Liberty County, Georgia Baker, John O., 1819 Georgia (?) Baker, Joseph S., 1822 _ Savannah, Georgia Ballentine, Francis G., 1813 *In these lists the year is the last year of residence; and if there is any biographical sketch it will be found under that year in the text. 302 Barbour, E. P., 1823„„ __ Orange Barksdale, Claiborne, 1801 _ Halifax Barksdale, John, 1825, A. B.„ Albemarle Baptist, Edward, 1813 _ Mecklenburg Baptist, Richard H., 1813 _ Mecklenburg Barnes, Arthur L., 1824 Essex Barnes, Enos H., 1823..„ _ Lunenburg (Litchfield, Connecticut, Law School, 1826) Barr, William H., 1801, A. B North Carolina Bartlett, Francis, 1825, A. B Athens, Ohio Bass, William E., 1808 *. Amelia (Washington and Lee, 1812) Batte, Green H., 1809 Prince George Batte, Thomas C, 1808 .*........ Prince George Beale, Charles T., 1825 Botetourt Bedford, Henry, 1818 „ Charlotte Bedford, Stephen, 1825 Charlotte Bedford, William I. B., 1817 Charlotte Bell, William, 1808 „ Bedford ( ?) Benton, John W., 1812 „ Berkeley, Peyton R. ? 1824, A. B Prince Edward Berryman, , 1816 „ Billups, Robert, 1806 _ Lunenburg Bland, Peter Randolph, 1819 Nottoway Blauvelt, C. C, 1824 New Brunswick, New Jersey Boggs, William J., 1824 Norfolk (?) Bolling, Edward, 1823 _ Lynchburg Bolling, Lenaeus, 1813 Buckingham Bolling, Philip A., 1825 - Buckingham Bolling, Robert, 1812 Buckingham (See Life of Daniel Baker, p. 60) Booker, Edward, 1800 Amelia or Prince Edward Booker, Daniel, 1811 Charlotte Booker, George, 1807 Prince Edward Booker, Richard, 1 808 Ameli a (Note Richard Booker, House of Delegates, Amelia, 1823-1834) Booker, Samuel, 1808 _ Charlotte Booker, William B., 1808 _ Amelia 303 Booker, William L . , 1825 „ Amelia Boswell, George, 1824 . Petersburg Boswell, Thomas, 1822 , Petersburg Boyd, David, 1822 . .Pittsylvania Branch, Samuel, 1807 _ Chesterfield Branch, William D., 1821 Amherst Britton, William G., 1825 Halifax Brodnax, William H., 1804 Brunswick Brookes, James H., 1819 „ North Carolina Brown, Stephen Bedford, 1813 Charlotte Brown, Thomas R., 1823 .. Amherst Brown, William, 1812 Mecklenburg Bruce, James C ., 1822 Halifax Buck, Marcus, 1808 , .. (Note Marcus C. Buck, M. D., Univ. Pennsylvania, 1812) Burns, Isaac, 1812, A. B ...... North Carolina (?) Burton, J [esse] , 1824 „ Lynchburg Burwell, John, 1826 Prince Edward Burwell, Powell, 1823...... „ ....... Prince Edward Burwell, Robert, 1823, A. B Prince Edward Cabell, Benjamin W. S., 1807 Buckingham Cabell, Edward A., 1820 - „ Nelson (William and Mary, 1819) Cabell, John B., 1824 . Lynchburg Cabell, John N., 1823 ...Lynchburg Cabell, Joseph M., 1805 „ Buckingham Cabell, Nathaniel F., 1825 Nelson Cabell, Nicholas C, 1813 ......Buckingham Cabell, Patrick H., 1822 Nelson Cabell, William S., 1804 Nelson Cabell, William J. L., 1825.....: Lynchburg (University of Virginia, 1825-26) Caldwell, Hugh, 1821 Pennsylvania Caldwell, Thomas, 181 5 „ Pennsylvania Camden, Peter G. , 1820 „... Amherst Campbell, John N., 1818 Philadelphia, Pa. Carrington, Benjamin M., 1818 _ Cumberland 304 Carrington, Clement, 1806 Carrington, Clement, 1810 Carrington, Edward, 1806 Carrington, Edward, 1816 _ Cumberland Carrington, Henry, 1811 „ Charlotte Carrington, Littleberr y, 1 804 Cumberland Carrington, N. J., 1825 ..Cumberland Carrington, Paul, 1806 :...... Carrington, Paul C, 1816 „ Charlotte Carrington, Robert S., 1815 Charlotte Carrington, William, 1810 Carrington, William W. , 1824 Halifax Carter, Archibald, 1816 Prince Edward Carter, Champe, 1824 Nelson (University of Virginia, 1825-28) Carter, Robert H., 1824 Albemarle ( ?) Carter, Theodoric A., 1818 Prince Edward Carter, William, 1817 Prince Edward Caruthers, Eli W., 1815 North Carolina Carver, Joseph W. , 1 820 Goochland Cary, Wilson M., 1822 Fluvanna Chambers, Edward, 1810 Lunenburg Chambers, Henry, 1806 Mecklenburg Chambers, Robert, 1806 Mecklenburg Chambers, Thomas, 1813 Lunenburg (Note Thomas Chambers, House of Delegates, Lunenburg, 1822) Chambers, William, 1810 Lunenburg Cheadle, Ish am Randolph, 1 8 18 Chellis, Josiah E., 1824 Concord, New Hampshire Childress, John S., 1816 Chittenden, William B., 1824, A. B Cayuga, New York Christian, John H., 1825 Buckingham (Unversity of Virginia, 1837 (?) ) Clapper, John, 1815 Jefferson City, Missouri (1850) Clarke, Christopher, 1816 Bedford Clarke, John H., 1824, A. B Prince Edward Clarke, Samuel, 1823 : Richmond 305 Clarke, William H., 1823, A. B Halifax Clauselle, John B., 1820, A. B Mecklenburg Clopton, E., 1823 Charlotte Cobbs, Lewis, 1808 Cobbs, Meriwether, (?) 1811 Buckingham Cobbs, Meriwether Lewis, 1823 Campbell Cocke, Chastain, 1823 . Powhatan (M. D., Univ. of Pennsylvania, 1824) Cocke, (Coke?), John H., 1817 Nottoway Cochran, Isaac, 1822 Vermont Coleman, Thomas G., 1817 _ Halifax Coles, Walter, 1805 Pittsylvania Coles, Walter, 1823 Albemarle Collier, John, 1811 Prince Edward Converse, John K., 1827 _ New Hampshire Cook, Benjamin, 1805 Cook, William G., 1826 Richmond (M. D., University of Maryland, 1833) Cooper, Edmund B., 1811 Copeland, Benjamin, 1805 Richmond (?) Cowan, William Bowie, 1804 Lunenburg Craig, George, 1802 : Lunenburg Craghead, George, 1813 .Pittsylvania Cralle, Richard K., 1819 - Lunenburg Crane, David, 1822 Cayuga, New York Crawford, Beverly, 1823 _ Louisa Crawford, Reuben, 1815 Crawford, William S., 1805 Amherst Crenshaw, John, 1817 Charlotte Crenshaw, Thomas, 1825 Buckingham (Cat. 1824) ( ?) Cross, John, 1812 Crump, Abner, 1804 Powhatan Crump, Benedict, 1825 -...New Kent (University of Virginia, 1826) Crutcher, George C, 1812 _ Charlotte Cummins, Bbenezer, 1801, A. B North Carolina 306 Cushing, Jonathan P.: (see 1825) _ Dabney, A. H., 1824 Dabney, George E., 1826, A. B Campbell Dabney, John B., 1811, A. B _ Campbell Dame, George W., 1829, A. B Rochester, New Hampshire (Entered Academy, 1824) Daniel, James B., 1825 Mecklenburg Daniel, William, Jr., 1826, A. B Lynchburg Daugherty, John, 1801 Davis, Ashley, 1807 -Petersburg (M. D., Univ. of Pennsylvania, 1811) Davis, Charles, 1825 Lynchburg Davis, Thomas, 1820, A. B. ( ?) North Carolina ( ?) Dawson, Burwell, 1825 Madison, Georgia Deane, Francis B., 1812 „ Cumberland De Grappenreid, Edward, 1813 Lunenburg De Graffenreid, Joseph, 1806 Lunenburg (Note Joseph De Graff enried, House of Delegates, Lunenburg) Dennis, J. H., 1813 - Dillon, Edward, 1815 „ Prince Edward Dillon, James, 1816 _ _ Prince Edward Dillon, James H., 1822 LPrince Edward Dillon, John G., 1825_ Prince Edward Dillon, William, 1816 Prince Edward Dismukes, John T., 1809 'North Carolina, 1829' (Note in Philanthropic Society Catalogue) In 1811 Paul Dismukes was living in Prince Edward County Dodson, Nathaniel, 1812 Prince Edward Drew, Henry, 1806 Cumberland ( ?) Drummond, Charles H., 1823 Amherst Dudley, James, 1825 Vernon, Maine Dunbar, William, 1815 Mississippi ( ?) : Winchester ( ?) (Note William Dunbar of Mississippi, M. D., Univ. of Pennsylvania) Duncan, James, 1821..._ Dunscombe, Andrew B., 1809 Richmond (?) Dupuy, Joel W., 1822 _ Prince Edward (M. D., Univ. of Pennsylvania, 1827) 307 Dupuy, Joseph, 1809 Prince Edward Dupuy, William J., 1810 Prince Edward Eaton, Nathaniel M., 1824 North Carolina Eaton, Thomas, 1823 i North Carolina Edie, Joseph S., 1825, A. B Athens, Ohio Edmunds, Edwin, 1800 _ Brunswick Edmunds, John Flood, 1815 , Brunswick Eggleston, Edmund, 1823 ., -...Amelia Elcan, Joshua, 1812 Buckingham (Note Joshua Elcan, Buckingham, Washington and Lee, 1806-1807) Elliott, Edward J., 1818 Charlotte Elliott, William H., 1816 Charlotte ( Ellis, Powhatan, 1812 ) Ellis, Thomas H., 1800 Amherst Epes, Thomas Roper, 1808 : Nottoway Epes, Travis H. , 1824 Nottoway Epes, William D., 1820 Nottoway Erwin, John McK., 1818 North Carolina Ewing, John D., 1809, A. B Rockingham Eyre, Robert, 1825 Fitzgerald, George, 1827, A. B Nottoway Fitzgerald, John, 1825 , Nottoway Fitzgerald, William, 1828, A. B Nottoway Fleming, John S., 1812 Louisa (Note John S. Fleming, House of Delegates, Louisa, 1816) Flournoy, Bernard, 1808 ('General Bernard Flournoy of Georgia' — Hooper) Flournoy, David, 1825 Prince Edward Flournoy, Henry W., 1825, A. B Powhatan Flournoy, John J., 1825 .Powhatan Flournoy, Samuel B . , 1808 Nottoway Flournoy, Thomas, 1823 Prince Edward Foster, Henry, 1825 „ .Winchester Foster, J. L., 1813 _ Foster, Patrick H., 1813 Fowlkes, Edward M., 1808 Halifax Fretwell, Richard, 1822 Albemarle 308 Friend, Charles W., 1818 Chesterfield Friend, Edward 0., 1817 Chesterfield Fulton, Andrew S., 1821 Augusta Fulton, John H., 1818 Augusta Fulton, John M., 1822 Prince Edward Fuqua, Joseph, 1819 Buckingham Gamble, Hamilton R, 1812 -Winchester Gannt, John, 1815 Albemarle Garden, Thomas J., 1810 Charlotte Garland, Addison, 1824 Nelson Garland, Hugh A., 1825, A. B Nelson Garland, John, 1811 Albemarle Garland, Morris H., 1824 Lynchburg Garland, Preston H. , 1820 Garland, Richard, 1825 Goochland (Univ. of Virginia, 1826; M. D., Univ. of Pennsylvania, 1830) Gay, Abner W., 1822 North Carolina Gibson, Andrew, 1811 _ Giles, Thomas T., 1824, A. B Amelia Gilliam, Albert M., 1823 Lynchburg Gilliam, Glover D., 1818 Buckingham Gilliam, John, 1813 Gilliam, Jonathan P., 1818 Lynchburg (M. D., Univ. of Pennsylvania, 1824) Glenn, Archibald D., 1825 Halifax (University of Virginia, 1825-26) Glenn, James, 1823 Halifax Goode, Edward P., 1823 Charlotte Gordon, Harrington, 1817 Botetourt Gordon, John N., 1818 Orange Green, Nathaniel, 1812 Culpeper Guerrant, Peter, 1816 Goochland Hales, Peter, 1815 Buckingham Hall, John, 1823 Staunton Hamlett, James H., 1824 Campbell Hammersley, William, 1823 Campbell Hamlin, William, 1818 _ Charlotte (M. D., Univ. of Pennsylvania, 1823) 309 Hamner, James G., 1819, (A. B.) Albemarle Hamner, Thomas L., 1826 Charlotte Hamner, William, 1820 Albemarle Hargrove, George Y., 1807 ^ Harris, B. W., 1823 Halifax Harris, Egbert, 1811...- Powhatan (Washington and Lee, 1810) Harris, Henry, 1805 , ,, Harris, George W., 1821 Goochland Harris, James B., 1809 Nottoway Harris, John P. Banister, 1822 Powhatan Harris, Josiah, 1820, A. B South Carolina Harrison, J. B., 1821, A. B Lynchburg Harrison, Robert Jordan, 1818 Lynchburg Hart, Andrew, 1826, A. B Albemarle Harvey, John M., 1823 Botetourt Haskins, Edward, 1824 _ Brunswick Haskins, James, 1824 Brunswick ( ?) Hatch, Benjamin, 1817 Hay, John, 1822 Wythe Hay, William, 1822 Wythe Henry, Edmund Winston, 1810 Charlotte Henry, John, 1813 Charlotte Henry, Lafayette, 1802 - Charlotte Henry, Nathaniel, 1806 Charlotte Henry, Patrick, 1800 Charlotte Henry, Spotswood, 1804 Charlotte (The above six entries are sons of Patrick Henry) Hines, George E., 1817 Isle of Wight (William and Mary, 1821) Hobson, Samuel, 1801 Cumberland Hoge, John B., 1808 Prince Edward Hoge, Moses : see 1807 Hoge, Samuel D., 1810 Prince Edward Hoge, Thomas P., 1815 Prince Edward Hoggatt, Abram Sandifer, 1818 Tennessee 310 Holcombe, Thomas A., 1800 Prince Edward Hooper, R. W., 1826 (MS. entry Catalogue, 1825) HoUGHTELING, JAMES, 1820 (The Rev. James B. Houghteling died at West Troy, N. Y., 1857, setat. 59) Howard, Nathaniel P., 1828 Richmond Howe, Norval D., 1825 Athens, Ohio Hubard, Edmund W., 1825 Buckingham Hucheson, John C ., 1813 Hudson, Thomas D., 1822 Montgomery Hudson, William, 1823 Prince Edward (and then Madison, Alabama) Hughes, Jesse, 1811 Hunt, James W., 1810 Charlotte Hunt, Thomas P., 1813 Prince Edward Hunter, Andrew, 1822 Berkeley Hunter, David, 1811 Berkeley Hunter, J. , 1823 Princess Anne Hurt, John M., 1802 (?) Hurt, John W., 1809 Hutcheson, Benjamin A., 1816 Irby, William, 1826 Nottoway Irvine, Edmund, 1817 Bedford Irvine, James, 1828, A. B Bedford Irvine, John (R ?) 1817 Bedford Irvine, Robert, 1825 „ Bedford Irvine, Samuel R., 1823 Lynchburg Irving, Charles Robert, 1825 Buckingham (Listed from Cumberland on 1824 Catalogue) Irving, Paulus Aemilius, 1810 Buckingham Jackson, Matthew W., 1823 Charlotte Jackson, Rowlett, 1818 Charlotte Jennings, Robert, 1826 Halifax James, Herbert, 1824 Cumberland Johns, A. B., 1819 Buckingham Johnson, George W., 1825 Chesterfield Johnston, Alexander, 1823 Cumberland 311 Johnston, Charles C, 1810 Washington Johnston, Cyrus, 1821, A. B North Carolina (?) Johnston, John W., 1811 Washington Johnston, Peter C, 1810 -Washington Jones, Alexander, 1812 Nottoway Jones, Benjamin, 1804 Jones, Buckner, 1809 Buckingham Jones, David C, 1821 _ Campbell Jones, Edward M., 1808 Nottoway Jones, E verard S . , 1814 Jones, Francis F. , 1826 Nottoway Jones, James, 1809 Buckingham Jones, John, 1813 Jones, John J., 1817 Buckingham Jones, Marshall, 1825, A. B Frederick Jones, Mumford, 1813 _ Jones, Patrick, 1808 Nottoway Jones, Richard, 1809 Nottoway (Note Richard Jones, House of Delegates, 1816, Nottoway) Jones, Rowland, 1812 Nottoway Jones, Walter, 1812 Jones, William, 1811 Nottoway Jones, William G., 1826 Powhatan (University of Virginia, 1827) Keeling, Thomas, 1823 Princess Anne Kennon, Charles H., 1810 North Carolina Kilpatrick, Abner W., 1813, A. B North Carolina Kilpatrick, Josiah J., 1812 ! North Carolina Kilpatrick, Rufus H., 1822 North Carolina Kirkpatrick, John, 1812 North Carolina Lacy, Drury, 1822, A. B Prince Edward Lacy, James H., 1814 Prince Edward Lacy, William S., 1811, A. B Prince Edward Latham, Robert, 1817 Lynchburg Leach, James H. C, 1818 Stafford Leake, Samuel D., 1803, A. B Albemarle Legrand, Nash, 1814 Charlotte 312 Lewis, E. S., 1813 _ „ Lewis, Joseph W. , 1 809 Lightfoot, William, 1824 Charles City Ligon, Benjamin, 1816 .Prince Edward Ligon, Benjamin H., 1823 Prince Edward Ligon, James D., 1826, A. B Prince Edward Ligon, John, 1816 Prince E dward Ligon, John M., 1823 Prince Edward Ligon, Thomas, 1806 _ Ligon, Thomas W., 1830, A. B _ Prince Edward Linn, William, 1816 Halifax (M. D., Phil. Soc. Cat.) Lockett, P. S., 1805 Mecklenburg Lockett, Samuel, 1800 Mecklenburg Lockett, thomas, 1800 Mecklenburg Loving, William H., 1821 „ Nelson Lumpkin, Thomas W., 1807, A. B . Bedford McFarland, James, 1814 ., Lunenburg (Note James McFarland, House of Delegates, 1825, Lunenburg) McFarland, William H., 1816 Lunenburg McIver, Colin, 1808 North Carolina McKinley, Midas, 1815 _ North Carolina McKinney, Daniel, 1810 Charlotte McNutt, Samuel H., 1810 Augusta McPhail, John B., 1825 Norfolk McRae, Sherwin, 1822, A. B Manchester McRobert, Archibald, 1812 ,. Prince Edward ( ?) Macon, Robert, 1819, A. B. ( ?) Powhatan Massie, Charles, 1824 Goochland Matthews, George H., 1818 Cumberland Matthews, William, 1805 ., Powhatan ( ?) Mayo, Edward, 1800... Powhatan Mayo, Robert, 1800 Powhatan Meredith, John C, 1810 Buckingham (See Univ. of Pennsylvania, John Meredith, M. D., 1813; John C. Meredith, M. D., 1832) Merchie, Robert, 1805 _ Powhatan (Note Robert D. Murchie, Chesterfield, William and Mary, 1808) 313 Metcalf, Allen D., 1823 North Carolina Mettauer, John P., 1806 Prince Edward Miller, George M. Y., 1816 Halifax Miller, John G., 1811 Cumberland (?) Miller, Nathaniel M[acon], 1811 Cumberland ( ?) (Nat. M. Miller, M. D., Univ. of Pennsylvania, 1818) Miller, Thomas C . , 1822 Powhatan Minge, David, 1823 and 1826 Charles City Minge, James D., 1827, A. B Charles City Minor, Raymond R., 1825 Prince Edward Mitchell, David R., 1824 T Bedford Mitchell, George G., 1824 Louisa Mitchell, Harvey, 1816 Amherst Mitchell, William D., 1823 Richmond Montague, Robert V., 1822 Powhatan (Washington and Lee, 1820) Moore, John, 1800 Lunenburg Moore, Thomas J., 1801 _ Lunenburg Moorman, Nathaniel S. 5 1815 Campbell Morton, John A., 1809 Charlotte (May have lived in Halifax, died 1839) Morton, John Campbell, 1817 Prince Edward Morton, Samuel, D., 1813, A. B Charlotte Morton, W. J., 1824 Bordeaux, France Morton, William Quinn, 1812 Prince Edward Morton, William S., 1801 Prince Edward Mosby, Charles L., 1824 Powhatan Mosby, Edward C, 1809 Powhatan (William and Mary, 1811) Mosby, Edward C, 1822 Powhatan Mosby, Littleberry C, 1818 Powhatan Moseley, John C, 1809 Charlotte Moseley, Robert G., 1813 Buckingham (M. D., Univ. of Pennsylvania, 1816) Moseley, Thomas, 1807 Moseley, William A., 1822 Prince Edward 314 Murray, Thomas, 1801 Nash, John T., 1801 Prince Edward Nbblett, Sterling, 1810 „ Lunenburg (Washington and Lee, 1810-1811) Newman, James B., 1826 Orange Nicholas, Robert C, 1820 Buckingham Nimmo, Joseph, 1818 Norfolk Oliver, William W., 1821, A. B Mecklenburg (Overstreet, John Holcombe, 1801 '. Prince Edward) Page, Mann, 1811 Cumberland Page, Nelson, 1821, A. B Cumberland Page, Robert, 1825 Cumberland Page, Thomas, 1825 Cumberland Page, William N., 1822, A. B Cumberland Palmer, Reuben D., 1809 Halifax Pannill, Samuel, 1822 Campbell Pannill, William, 1823 Pittsylvania Parham, Richard H., 1825 Sussex Patillo, Jesse H., 1815 Mecklenburg Patillo, Robert H., 1819 Mecklenburg Patillo, William H., 1814 Mecklenburg Patterson, Samuel H., 1809 Paxton, James W. , 1811 Rockbridge (M. D., Univ. of Pennsylvania, 1817, Knoxville, Tenn., cf. Washington and Lee Catalogue) Paxton, John D., 1812 ; Payne, Baldwin, 1813 Goochland Payne, George M., 1812 Goochland ( ?) Payne, John, 1811 Payne, Philip D., 1813 Goochland Pemberton, Thomas W., 1825 Cumberland (University of Virginia, 1825-26) Penick, Daniel A., 1821, A. B Cumberland Penick, William, 1820 Cumberland (?) Penn, George, 1824 Nelson (M. D., Univ. of Pennsylvania, 1827) Penn, James, 1821 Nelson Perkins, J., 1823 ...Goochland 315 Perkinson, Matthew R. , 1820 Amelia Perkinson, Thomas J., 1815 _ Ameila (William and Mary, 1818) Perry, William H., 1825 Prince Edward Pettus, Thomas N., 1815 Charlotte Peyton, William Madison, 1825 _ Augusta Pharr, Dion C, 1821 North Carolina (Out of college several years, graduating in 1829) Pharr, Henry N., 1819 North Carolina Pharr, Walter S., 1812, A. B North Carolina Pleasants, Hugh R., 1822 Goochland Pollard, William H., 1822, A. B Hanover Porter, George N. N., 1826 Powhatan Powell, Henry, 1813 _ Memphis, Tennessee (1850) Preston, Charles H. C, 1825 Washington (University of Virginia, 1825-27) Preston, John Smith, 1824 Washington Preston, William B., 1824, A. B Montgomery Price, Alexander, 1825 Richmond Price, Edwin, 1811 Prince Edward Price, Nathaniel D., 1825 _ Prince Edward Price, Richard, 1811 .._ Prince Edward Price, Robert P., 1822 Prince Edward Price, William, 1813 -. Pryor, Theodoric, 1826, A. B Dinwiddle Quarles, Garrett, 1813 Louisa Quarles, James, 1813 Ragland, Clement, 1805 Ragland, George L., 1824 Halifax Raine, Charles A., 1822 Charlotte Randolph, James Innes, 1825 Prince Edward Randolph, William, 1815 Prince Edward (?) Read, Clement, 1805 Read, Clement, 1825 Charlotte Read, Clement C, 1816 _ Charlotte (f) Read, C. L., 1809 _ .' Tennessee (1850) (M. D., Phil. Soc. Cat.) 316 Read, George W., 1826, A. B -....Charlotte Read, Edwin E., 1828, A. B „ Charlotte (Entered 1824: died shortly after 1828) ( ? ) Read, H., 1816 Read, H. L., 1809 Tennessee (1850) Read, Isaac, 1810 Charlotte Read, Isaac, 1825, A. B Charlotte Read, John, 1805 _ Read, Nicholas E., 1826, A. B Charlotte Read, Samuel V., 1819 Charlotte Read, Thomas E., 1816 Charlotte Read, Thomas E., 1826, A. B Charlotte (Reid, William S., 1807) „ „.._ Rice, Benjamin H., 1803 Bedford Rice, Blair, 1817 _ Charlotte ( ? ) Rice, Izard B., 1823 Charlotte Rice, John Holt (see 1825) „ Rice, Samuel R., 1816 Botetourt ( ?) Rice, William, 1802 Richardson, George, 1811 Louisa Riddle, John A., 1816 _ Richmond (1850) Rives, Alexander, 1825, A. B Nelson Rives, Landon C, 1806 Nelson Rives, William C, 1806 Nelson Roane, Patrick H., 1809 Hanover Roy all, Francis, 1824 Amelia ( ?) (MS. entry, Catalogue 1823) Royall, John B., 1809 Halifax Roy all, John G., 1825, A. B Lynchburg Royall, Joseph Albert, 1815 Powhatan Russell, Daniel L., 1825 Concord, New Hampshire Sandys, Edwin, 1806 _ Lunenburg Saunders, Albin G., 1818 Powhatan Scott, Anderson E., 1823 _ Prince Edward Scott, Branch O., 1822 __ _ _ (Brother of Alex. E. Scott) 317 Scott, George C . , 1 825 : Halifax Scott, Francis H., 1823 Prince Edward Scott, Henry E., 1802 Prince Edward Scott, Henry E., 1816 Halifax ( ?) Scott, Henry E., 1823 _ Halifax (Note Henry E. Scott, House of Delegates, 1828, Halifax) Scott, John Archer, 1824 ....Prince Edward Scott, William, 1806 Halifax Scott, William Campbell, 1827, A. B Powhatan Scott, William N., 1811 Augusta Scruggs, Edward L., 1821, A. B Cumberland Sea y,' William A., 1814 Prince Edward Shannon, Andrew A., 1808, A. B Shelton, N., 1811 Albemarle Shelton, Thomas, 1817 Goochland Shelton, William, 1808 Louisa Silliman, John, 1815 North Carolina Sims, John, 1801 Charlotte ( ?) Simms, William D., 1823 r Halifax Skillern, George B., 1825 Botetourt Skinker, Thomas, 1823 Fauquier Skip with, George E., 1822 Cumberland or Mecklenburg (MS. entry, Catalogue 1822) Smith, Albert G., 1820 Lunenburg Smith, Anthony, 1813 Smith, David, 1818..._ Lunenburg ( ?) Smith, James, 1808 Halifax (Lunenburg?) Smith, Eobert F. N., 1801 Prince Edward ( ?) Smith, Robert P., 1803 Prince Edward or Cumberland Smith, Samuel S., 1823 Lunenburg Smith, Sterling, 1810 Henrico ( ?) Smith, William, 1804 Charlotte Spears, James G., 1822, A. B North Carolina (Speece, Frederick C, 1809.. _ Campbell) Speed, John, 1805 Charlotte ( ?) Stafford, James B., 1819 North Carolina 318 Stewart, James, 1805 Stewart, William K., 1811.._ Alexandria (1850) (Note William K. Stewart, Presbyterian minister, Macomb, Illinois, 1845) Stuart, Gerard B., 1823 ._ Staunton Strange, Robert, 1811 Petersburg Sullivan, James, 1821 .....Danville Swann, George T. H., 1827, A. B Cumberland Sydnor, William B., 1826 Hanover Tabb, John Y., 1800 „ Amelia Talbot, Merritt, 1815 Bedford ( ?) Talbot, R. H., 1815 „ Bedford (?) Taylor, Charles T., 1825 Botetourt (University of Virginia, 1826-27) Taylor, John, 1812 Taylor, T[elemachus] , 1824 „ Mecklenburg Thomas, Charles L., 1824 Albemarle (University of Virginia, 1827) Thomas, N. L., 1822 Charlotte Thompson, John W. , 1825 Dinwiddle (Note John W. Thompson of Botetourt, James Eiver Canal Director, 1846) Thomson, James W. , 1807 _ Thornton, Francis, 1815 Spottsylvania Thornton, William, 1815 Cumberland Thweatt, H. C, 1821 Halifax Tinsley, John B., 1823 Powhatan Tinsley, William B., 1827 Hanover Tredway, William, 1827, A. B Prince Edward Trent, Alexander, 1804 Cumberland ( ?) Trent, Edward, 1810 „ Cumberland (Washington and Lee, 1813) Turnbull, Robert D., 1823, A. B Brunswick Turnbull, Robert H., 1823 Brunswick (M. D., Univ. of Pennsylvania, 1827) Turner, Jesse H., 1810, A. B ..Bedford Van Lear, John A., 1821, A. B __ Botetourt 319 Venable, Abram W., 1815, A. B Prince Edward Venable, Henry, 1826 Prince Edward Venable, James H., 1822 Shelbyville, Kentucky (Written also H. J. Venable) Venable, Joseph M., 1810, A. B Charlotte Venable, Nathaniel, 1 813 Venable, Nathaniel E., 1808, A. B., Prince Edward Venable, Paul C, 1811, A. B ..Prince Edward Venable, Richard, 1825 Prince Edward Venable, Samuel L., 1823, A. B Shelbyville, Kentucky Venable, Samuel W., 1815 Prince Edward Venable, Thomas, 1803, A. B Prince Edward Venable, William Henry, 1817 Prince Edward Waddell, Addison, 1804 Louisa Walker, Benjamin P., 1826, A. B Buckingham Walker, Elisha, 1806 Walker, James M., 1822 Buckingham Walker, John H., 1823 Brunswick (University of Virginia, 1825-26) Walker, William, 1806 Wallace, Gustavus B., 1822 Madison ( ?) Wallace, Samuel, 1817 Wallace, Thomas, 1816 Petersburg (?) (Note Thomas Wallace, House of Delegates, 1841, Petersburg) Wallis, John F., 1811 North Carolina (?) Wallis, William B. A., 1817 North Carolina Walthall, Barrett, 1821 Prince Edward or Amelia Walton, Robert, 1814 Charlotte ( ?) Walton, William C, 1815, A. B Hanover Ward, Albert G., 1824 Nashville, Tennessee (University of Virginia, 1825, died 1825) Ward, John T., 1822 Nottoway Ward, Rowland, 1810 _ Nottoway Ward, Thomas T., 1824 Nottoway Ware, Robert, 1811 _ _ _. Amherst C ? ) Warwick, H. D . , 1824 _ _ Lynchburg 320 Watkins, Augustus, 1811 :.Buekingham Watkins, Benjamin, 1807 Chesterfield (Note Benjamin H. Watkins, Phil. Soc. Minutes, 1809) Watkins, Henry N., 1807, A. B .Prince Edward Watkins, Joel, 1824 Charlotte (M. D., Univ. of Pennsylvania, 1827) Watkins, Joseph, 1802 Goochland (?) Watkins, Joseph S., 1809 Goochland (Note Joseph S. Watkins, Washington and Lee, 1806; House of Delegates, Goochland, 1820-1839) Watkins, Miles S., 1807 Chesterfield (M. D., Univ. Pennsylvania, 1816) Watkins, S. V., 1813 Prince Edward (?) (Note Samuel V. Watkins, M. D., Univ. Pennsylvania, 1818) Watkins, Samuel V., 1824, A. B Charlotte Watkins, Thomas E ., 1813 Charlotte Watkins, William J., 1825, A. B Charlotte Watt, John Sinclair, 1826, A. B Richmond Watts, Arthur, 1825 Bedford Watts, William, 1819 Botetourt ( ?) Webber, Richard, 1815 Cumberland West, ( ?) John, 1806 , Campbell Wharey, James, 1818 North Carolina White, Isaac N., 1823 Staunton (Washington and Lee, 1824) White, William S., 1824, A. B Hanover Whitlocke, Achilles, 1823 _ Charlotte Whittle, James M. , 1825 Mecklenburg Wickham, James, 1817 Richmond Wilkinson, Richard, 1802 Willcox John P., 1826 Prince George Willson, James C, 1808, A. B Augusta Williams, James Philip, 1823 Richmond Williams, Peter, 1825 Lunenburg Wilson, Benjamin F., 1827_ Prince Edward ('M. D., died in Arkansas' — Hooper) 321 Wilson, Daniel A., 1808 Cumberland Wilson, John Willis, 1813, A. B Cumberland Winston, W. C, 1824,. New Kent Withers, Thomas, 1824 Dinwiddie Womack, David F., 1823 Prince Edward Womack, James W 7 ., 1806, A. B Prince Edward Womack, John P., 1825 Prince Edward Womack, Samuel V., 1828, A. B Prince Edward ('Died Louisville, Ky., 1880' — Hooper. Was conducting an academy at Shelby ville, Ky., around 1850, at which William Preston Johnston was a pupil.) Worth, Lewis J., 1818 Richmond (Wood, James D., 1812 Prince Edward) Woods, William, 1824 Nelson Woodson, Archibald, 1813 '. '. Woodson, Charles, 1812 Missouri ( 1850) Woodson, George, 1812 Hanover (1850) Woodson, John Pleasants, 1812 Hanover (1850) (?) Woodson, John S., 1816 Goochland (1850) ( ?) Woodson, Richard, 1811 Woodson, Robert, 1812 Woodson, Tarlton, 1812 Hanover (1850) Woodson, Thomas J., 1817 '. Woodward, William, 1824 ...Norfolk Wright, George, 1814 Prince Edward Wyche, John J., 1823 Brunswick Wynne, Thomas J., 1813 Lunenburg ( ?) Yuille, A., 1823 Halifax (?) Nottoway (?) (MS. entry, Cat, 1822) J This house (called the ''Old President's House") built by Mr. Cush- ing about 1833, was the link between the Old College and the New College. Bricks of the Old College are supposed to have gone into this house, and the Old College may have looked something like this. This is a rear view. mmmwummm JUL 7 1022