II B UHY OF THE UN IVER.SITY Of ILLINOIS B M1581u cop.4 111. Hist. 3urv. 69th Congress, 2d Session • • Senate Document No. 215 ^tUtam P. Mt&inkv jflemorial SJbbreases DELIVERED IN THE SENATE AND HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE UNITED STATES in Memory of WILLIAM B. McKINLEY LATE A SENATOR FROM ILLINOIS £>txtp-Jf|tntf) Congress Proceedings in the Senate Proceedings in the House February 27, 1927 February 6, 1927 UNITED states government printing office washington 1927 PREPARED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE JOINT COMMITTEE ON PRINTING d CONTENTS Proceedings in the Senate: Pa « e Prayer by Rev. J. J. Muir 1,4 Memorial address by — Mr. Charles S. Deneen, of Illinois 5 Mr. Francis E. Warren, of Wyoming 11 Mr. Arthur Capper, of Kansas 13 Mr. William J. Harris, of Georgia 17 Mr. Joseph T. Robinson, of Arkansas 20 Proceedings in the House 29 Prayer by Rev. R. R. James _. 31 Memorial address by — Mr. Martin R. Madden, of Illinois 33 Mr. Edward E. Denison, of Rlinois 37 Mr. Charles Adkins, of niinois 43 Mr. Alben W. Rarkley, of Kentucky 46 Mr. Theodore E. Rurton, of Ohio 51 Mr. Andrew J. Montague, of Virginia 54 Mr. William E. Hull, of Illinois 65 Mr. Tom Connally, of Texas _ 67 Mr. Carl R. Chindblom, of Illinois 71 Mr. William W. Arnold, of Illinois 74 Mr. Richard Yates, of Rlinois _ 78 Mr. Adolph J. Sabath, of Illinois 86 Mr. Henry R. Rathbone, of Illinois 90 Mr. Fred A. Rritten, of Illinois 95 Mr. Tom D. McKeown, of Oklahoma 97 [m] $roteetnng£ in tlje Unfteto g>tate£ Senate Militant $♦ Jfflc&mlep * ^rocecbtngs in tfje Hmteb States; Senate Wednesday, December 8, 1926. The Chaplain, Rev. J. J. Muir, D. D., offered the following prayer : Our heavenly Father, we come to Thee this morning with shadows about us. We realize that one has passed from earthly scenes. We fail to understand Thy dealings. There are times when we would know and we shall know. Minister, we beseech of Thee, to that family yonder. We think of the honored Mem- ber of this high body of men devoted to best interests. Comfort the sorrowing hearts. May each life be stayed on Thee and out of the shadows may there come the promise of the morning fullness. Remember any who are in sorrow. Minister to each heart, we beseech of Thee, and may we hear the voice divine saying, " What I do thou knowest not now, but thou shall know hereafter." May we be true to Thee, our Father, and however long or short may be our stay on this earthly scene may we make it evident that the highest purpose of our being is to honor Thee and to bless mankind. We ask every favor in Christ Jesus' name. Amen. Mr. Deneen. Mr. President, it is my sad duty formally to announce to the Senate that yesterday afternoon my late colleague, the Hon. William Brown McKinley, died at Martinsville, Ind., after a lingering illness of nearly eight months. [1] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES Senator McKjnley served with distinction for 14 years in the House of Representatives and nearly 6 years in the Senate. This is not the proper time to speak of the services he rendered to the State of Illinois and to the country, nor to refer to the fine qualities of his character and the esteem in which he was held by his associates in Congress. At another time I shall ask that a day be set aside upon which proper tribute may be paid to his memory. For the present I offer the resolutions which I send to the desk and ask unanimous consent for their immediate consideration. The resolutions (S. Res. 284) were read, con- sidered by unanimous consent, and unanimously agreed to, as follows: Resolved, That the Senate has heard with deep regret and profound sorrow the announcement of the death of Hon. William B. McKinley, late a Senator from the State of Illinois. Resolved, That a committee of 15 Senators be appointed by the Vice President to take order for superintending the funeral of the deceased Senator. Resolved, That the Secretary communicate these resolutions to the House of Representatives and trans- mit a copy thereof to the family of the deceased. The Vice President appointed as the committee under the second resolution Mr. Deneen, Mr. Robinson of Arkansas, Mr. Moses, Mr. Overman, Mr. McNary, Mr. Fletcher, Mr. Shortridge, Mr. Ashurst, Mr. Weller, Mr. Broussard, Mr. Fess, Mr. Harris, Mr. Ernst, Mr. Stephens, and Mr. Tyson. Mr. Deneen. Mr. President, as a further mark of respect to the memory of my deceased colleague, I move that the Senate do now adjourn. [2] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY The motion was unanimously agreed to; and (at 12 o'clock and 5 minutes p. m.) the Senate ad- journed until to-morrow, Thursday, December 9, 1926, at 12 o'clock meridian. Thursday, December 9, 1926. A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. Chaffee, one of its clerks, communicated to the Senate the resolutions of the House unani- mously adopted as a tribute to the memory of Hon. William Brown McKinley, late a Senator from the State of Illinois. Saturday, February 5, 1927. Mr. Deneen submitted a resolution (S. Res. 344), which was considered by unanimous consent and agreed to: Resolved, That Sunday, February 27, 1927, be set aside for memorial addresses on the life, character, and public services of the Hon. William B. McKinley, late a Senator from the State of Illinois. Monday, February 7, 1927. A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. Haltigan, one of its clerks, announced that the House had passed resolutions (H. Res. 411) adopted as a tribute to the memory of Hon. Charles E. Fuller, late a Representative from the State of Illinois, and Hon. William B. McKinley, late a Senator from the State of Illinois. [3] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES Sunday, February 27, 1927. The Senate met at 10 o'clock and 30 minutes a. m. The Chaplain, Rev. J. J. Muir, D. D., offered the following prayer: Gracious Father, not only in the sunshine but in the shadow Thou art always accessible to the needy heart; and when sorrow comes we find that Thou hath for us infinite comfort. Regard, we beseech of Thee, the gathering at this morning h>ur as we think of those who have passed hence but have left records behind them. Comfort, we beseech Thee, bereaved lives. Give unto each, we ask, the consolation that has in it infinite satisfaction. The Lord our God lead us through all the pathway of duty, and help us to understand much more clearly the importance of serving our generation by Thy will. Hear and help us, and may we be freighted with the obligation that to do Thy will is to honor Thee and to receive Thy " well done " at last. We ask in Jesus' name. Amen. Mr. Deneen. Mr. President, I send to the desk resolutions and ask for their consideration. The Vice President. The Clerk will read the resolutions. The resolutions (S. Res. 376) were read and con- sidered by unanimous consent as follows: Resolved, That the Senate has heard with profound sorrow of the death of Hon. William B. McKinley, late a Senator from the State of Illinois. Resolved, That as a mark of respect to the memory of the deceased the business of the Senate be now suspended to enable his associates to pay tribute to his high character and distinguished public services. Resolved, That the Secretary communicate these resolutions to the House of Representatives and com- municate a copy thereof to the family of the deceased. [4] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY atobrea* fop Senator Beneen Of Illinois Mr. President: William Brown McKinley was born at Petersburg, 111., on September 5, 1856, and passed away on December 7, 1926. Some interesting facts about his ancestors are that the members of the Caldwell branch of his family were forced to leave France for political reasons about 1500 and settled near Solway Firth, Scotland, where they remained until they went with Cromwell to Ireland. Cromwell's wife was Anne Caldwell. About 1630 the Caldwell family came to America and settled in Virginia. Senator McKinley's great-grandfather, James Caldwell, was one of the founders of Princeton University. Both he and his wife were killed in the Revolu- tionary War. His grandfather, Robert Finley, at one time was president of the University of Georgia. Senator McKinley's father, the Rev. George McKinley, and his mother, Hannah Finley, had advantages for educational training unusual for their times. Senator McKinley acquired his education in the public schools, and under the tutelage of his father and at the University of Illinois. He began his business career at an early age. After serving as clerk for two years in a drug store at Springfield, 111., he removed to Champaign and [51 MEMORIAL ADDRESSES was employed by an uncle in the farm-mortgage business. In a few years he achieved a partner- ship in the business. The new firm opened up branch offices in Hastings, Nebr., and in McPher- son, Kans. During the hard times thereafter in Nebraska and Kansas, the clients of the Senator's firm lost considerable money. Some time ago Senator McKinley stated to a friend that he spent all he could earn and save between 1893 and 1903 in reimbursing the people who had bought farm loans from his firm. The loans were all made good. But Senator McKinley's business career related chiefly to his building and managing public util- ities. Before he was 30 years of age he planned and built the waterworks system of Champaign, where he resided. In 1896 he began building the traction system at Joliet. Later he purchased and modernized the street railway lines in Quincy and in Galesburg and the interurban line between Galesburg and Knoxville, 111. In 1901 he pur- chased the street-car lines in Danville, which became the nucleus of the Illinois traction system, which was familiarly known as the McKinley lines. At first spur lines were built from Danville to near- by mining towns; then from Danville to Cham- paign; then to Decatur and Springfield; then to St. Louis, Mo. In 1910 he completed and dedicated the great McKinley Bridge spanning the Mississippi River at St. Louis. This gave independent entrance for the McKinlev lines into the metropolis of [6] WILLIAM B. Mc KIN LEY Missouri. While developing this vast interurban system Senator McKinley was acquiring and mod- ernizing a group of local public utilities serving cities of five Mid-Western States with electricity and gas and transportation. Senator McKinley was elected a trustee of the University of Illinois in 1902. He was elected to Congress in 1904 as a Representative of the nineteenth congressional district of Illinois and served until 1921, with the exception of the Sixty- third Congress. He was elected to the Senate in 1920. The Senator gave the same close attention to the affairs of government that had made him so successful in his private business. He was patient and painstaking in informing himself about the work of Congress and the various departments. He was particularly interested in all matters which related to the business of the Government, its fiscal policies, trade relations, and foreign affairs. He served faithfully on important committees, and his opinions and judgment were highly respected by his colleagues and had great influence in shaping public policies. Senator McKinley had a great fund of informa- tion about the Government's affairs, gathered from personal contact. He traveled widely throughout the country to investigate matters pending in Congress affecting different localities, sections, and regions. In this way he gathered invaluable knowledge from observation and personal contact with people. [7] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES His quest for knowledge about people and their governments, their manner of life, their attitude toward each other and toward foreign nations led him to travel extensively throughout the globe. Thirty times he crossed the Atlantic and three times he encircled the globe. He visited nearly every country and many of them a number of times. The knowledge which he gained from foreign travel and contacts with the leaders in politics, in business, and in education was invalu- able to him in his services in the Congress. The time assigned me does not permit a statement of the great services which Senator McKinley ren- dered as Representative and as Senator, but they are written in the records of Congress. Senator McKinley's extensive travels in foreign countries led him early in his congressional career to become interested in the Interparliamentary Union. For eight years he was president of the American group, and he presided over the twenty- third international conference of the union held last year in Washington. The members of the American group expressed their appreciation of him as follows : His unfailing generosity, untiring zeal, rare sagacity, unselfish devotion, and gentle charm won and retained the admiration and affection of parliamentarians everywhere. Legislative bodies around the world, our own included, are better because of the active life and effective labors of William B. McKinley. Senator McKinley had a rare gift for making friends. Few of his colleagues were better known in either House than he. He was kindly disposed, [8] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY had unfailing consideration for others, and took a delight in rendering service. Courteous, affable, just, industrious, and well informed, it was a pleasure to work with him. His personal qualities and characteristics en- deared him to his colleagues. His fine traits of character will long be cherished and remembered by those who served with him here. Senator McKinley not only loved to render serv- ice to those with whom he worked and came in contact, but he loved to help others. He took a great interest in education and educational insti- tutions. For 25 years and more his interest in the University of Illinois and in the individual stu- dents was outstanding. He had great sympathy for the young man who wanted a college education and was not able to pay his way, and he aided hundreds of them by giving them financial assist- ance to finish their college courses. His contribu- tions at Champaign to the Young Men's Christian Association, the Young Women's Christian Asso- ciation, the George McKinley Presbyterian Church, and the University Hospital are monuments to his generosity and his interest in the spiritual and physical welfare of the students. His benefactions were not confined to the State university and to the cities of Champaign and Urbana. He gave generously of his fortune to educational institu- tions, to churches, to hospitals, to homes for the aged throughout the State of Illinois and through- out the country. Not even his personal friends knew the full extent and variety of his benefac- [9] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES tions. Having a boundless zeal for service, he wished his wealth to be of service, and truly the activities and influences which he set in motion will have no bounds. Senator McKinley had a long, active, and use- ful life, full of services and honors, and his memory will be cherished by those whom he met and with whom he served in all parts of the world. [10] WILLIAM B. Mc KIN LEY gfobre&s bp Senator barren Of Wyoming Mr. President: It is always with extreme sad- ness that we gather together to pay tribute to the memory of departed colleagues. As we grow older we are obliged to bid farewell to some friend almost every day, and thus does the circle grad- ually and all too rapidly diminish; for — There is no union here of hearts That finds not here an end. I wish to speak briefly concerning the life of William B. McKinley, among whose friends I had the privilege of being numbered, during his 14 years of service in the House of Representatives and his nearly 6 years in the Senate. We may point to his life as that of a self-made man. The son of a minister, he started out early to make his own way. His first employment was that of a drug clerk in Springfield, 111.; his compen- sation, $4.50 a week. He immediately began to demonstrate the qualities that were to develop so splendidly in the future; and his employer, recog- nizing his usefulness, placed $10 in his second week's pay envelope. The ambitious young man, having more money than he knew what to do with, opened a savings account. Not long thereafter he was a purchaser of real estate. From modest beginnings in realty trades, the basis of a large fortune was laid. 44021—27- [11] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES After great prosperity had overtaken him, he entered political life, " for want of something better to do," as he often said. In fact, he claimed that he " blundered into politics," but if such was a fact it was never disclosed to his friends; for " Little Mac," as he was affectionately called in his early days here in Congress and among his home friends, gave to his State and country a life of deeds, not words, and of unselfish, painstaking service of the highest order. His lovable nature endeared him to young and old alike. In his modest, retiring way, and unattended by publicity, he donated millions of money to churches, libraries, schools, and hospitals, and thus thousands were benefited by his generosity who did not even know the name and identity of their benefactor. He was truly a man of " the larger heart, the kindlier hand." His deeds live after him, and he will not be forgotten. The battle with life he won nobly. The battle with death, waged so long and val- iantly, he finally lost, as we must all of us finally succumb to the onslaught of that grim and unre- lenting enemy. Mr. President, I offer these few words in appre- ciation of the life and service of our departed friend, whom we loved in life, and of whom, in death, we shall cherish the tenderest memories. [12] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY gfobrestf bp Senator Capper Of Kansas Mr. President: The passing of William B. Mc- Kinley was a national loss. A modest man, a constructive thinker who also was a doer of big things in a big way, a builder, a statesman, he left a deep impress on the pages of history of his age and generation. To those of us who were privileged to know him intimately, and to love his gentle character, his modest manner of thinking and doing and living, his untimely death came as a severe shock. In all my own life and experience I seldom have known a man who inspired so large a circle of friends and acquaintances with the same universal feeling of respect, esteem, and, among his close friends, such genuine admiration and love. William B. McKinley was admired and respected by all who knew him and knew of him. He was essentially a self-made man, and a well-made man. We are accustomed to regard self-made men as assertive, aggressive, forceful. Senator McKinley was courteous, kindly, always doing things for others in a quiet, retiring way that gave little surface indication of the master mind that worked out big problems and saw the resulting plans successfully executed. His was an unusual com- bination of the qualities that make for success in undertakings little and big, and of those more rare qualities that hold friends in thrall of quiet but deep affection and regard. [13] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES Of him Who's Who in America said : Senator William B. McKinley, born Petersburg, 111., September 5, 1856, son of George and Hannab (Finley) McKinley; student University of Illinois two years; mar- ried Kate Frisbee, of Chicago, February, 1881. Partner in banking and mortgage-loan business of J. B. & W. B. McKinley since 1877; building and operating public utilities since 1885. Member of the Fifty-ninth to Sixty- second Congresses (1905-1913) and the Sixty-fourth to Sixty-sixth Congresses (1915-1921); United States Sena- tor, term 1921-1927. Trustee of University of Illinois, 1902-1905. Republican. Clubs: Chevy Chase, Press, and Metropolitan (Washington, D. C.) ; Hamilton and Union League (Chicago). Home: Champaign, 111. Of himself in the Congressional Directory he wrote simply: William Brown McKinley, Republican, of Champaign, was born in Petersburg, 111., was educated in the common schools and spent two years in the University of Illinois; is a farmer and banker; married; elected to the Fifty- ninth, Sixtieth, Sixty-first, Sixty-second, Sixty-fourth, Sixty-fifth, and Sixty-sixth Congresses. Elected to the United States Senate November 2, 1920. Nothing of the great utilities systems he had built; nothing of the many and large gifts he had made to the causes of religion and education; nothing of the unstinted devotion to his people, his State, and his Nation. Nothing of the influence he wielded in shaping national policies during his nearly two decades in official public life. William B. McKinley learned early in life to respect industry, and was himself a tireless and indefatigable worker. He appreciated honesty in public and private life, and was himself the soul of integrity. He appreciated the value of educa- tion, and himself contributed freely but unostenta- tiously to the cause of education. [14] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY He loved his fellow men, and himself drew no distinctions of race or creed in the time and money he devoted to helping his fellows. All his life his heart was touched by the misfortunes and troubles of others; and he gave liberally, but quietly and almost anonymously, to charity. His gifts for charity, for education, for religion were made without advertising. Institutions were not founded in his name. Colleges were not endowed with " McKinley funds " for this purpose and that pur- pose. The churches he helped build were dedi- cated to the cause of Christ, not in the name of the giver. He was a public benefactor for the good he hoped to accomplish for others, in the hope that others might be helped to enjoy life and use their talents to the fullest extent, but not for his own glorification or renown. Always shunning the limelight, he nevertheless was a power in what- ever circles he moved, and he moved quietly but effectively in many. Among his intimate friends, I believe, it was his many lovable qualities, rather than those attributes which won such success and commanded admira- tion, that were the measure of our regard for him. There have been few men of my acquaintance who so consistently and conscientiously lived up to their ideas and ideals of what constituted the right. He never evaded. He never dodged. He never compromised where a principle was in- volved, never equivocated, never allowed the conse- quences to himself to drive him from the narrow path of duty as he saw it. [15] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES I remember when the World Court resolution was being voted upon in the Senate. Senator McKinley was sitting next to me. He cast his vote for the resolution. "That vote probably will cause my defeat for reelection to the Senate," Senator McKinley remarked to me after he had answered to his name, " but I believe it was the right way to vote "; and that ended the matter so far as he was concerned. William B. McKinley never spared himself in his work for others. He honestly believed that the great wealth and power that had come to him imposed a solemn duty upon him to use that wealth and power for the good of others; that he was a trustee, so to speak. He always governed his action on that principle. No matter how busy or how tired he was, a call for help from anyone always found a ready and earnest response. He never harbored a grudge. I never heard him speak an unkind word against any man, even those whom I knew he had every reason to believe had deserted him and proved ungrateful. Truly, his was a wonderful character. Mr. President, the little we say here to-day can not add to the genuine greatness of the soul we are gathered to honor, nor magnify the things he did. We can but feebly express our appreciation of his accomplishments, our gratitude for having known him during the years he was among us, our love for the kindly and patient and able man who has left with us the memory of his generous thoughts and kindly deeds. [16] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY jattoretf* bj> Senator J&axxi* Of Georgia Mr. President: To attempt to speak of the good works of Senator McKinley and his great service to his country and to humanity would take more time than I feel I should consume. I shall leave that to more eloquent speakers. Senator McKinley's grandfather, the Reverend Doctor Finley, was one of the first presidents of the University of Georgia, to which my people have gone from that time to the present day. He gave his life to this work for the youth of our State. On account of this association of his family with my people, Senator McKinley and I were friends from the day he became a Member of this body. Last year he was invited to deliver the principal address at the commencement exercises of the University of Georgia, which his grandfather had done so much to upbuild. The chapel was crowded to its capacity; and the straightforward, practical talk made by him to the students was an inspiration to them, and its effect will be felt by the future men of my State. His devotion to public duty was known to all of us. He was one of the hardest workers in the Senate; and his unusual business ability, together with his tact and the confidence of his colleagues, made him one of the most influential Members of this body. [17] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES Our colleague's great business experience ren- dered him a most valuable member of the Appropriations Committee, where I had the pleasure and privilege of serving with him and observing his untiring labors and conscientious devotion to duty. As the Senator from Kansas [Mr. Capper] has said, Senator McKinley knew the opposition in his State to the International Court of Justice for the arbitration of differences to prevent war, which caused him the loss of many of his supporters in his last campaign. He realized this at the time that he gave the measure his support; but he felt it to be his duty, and he did not consider its effect on his political fortunes. For his splendid efforts to bring about a better understanding between the nations of the earth Senator McKinley should be held in grateful remembrance by all who are interested in the peace of the world. There are many thousands among those who heeded assistance who were beneficiaries of Sena- tor McKinley's generosity. He probably educated more boys and girls than any other man in his Slate. The fact that he gave away most of his fortune is evidence sufficient of his greatness and goodness. Among his outstanding characteristics was his devotion and loyalty to his friends and relatives. Two of his closest friends who were unwavering throughout the long years are present to-day, and I feel that it is not inappropriate to refer to them by name — Mr. John Stipes and Mr. Green, of Senator McKinley's home town. [18] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY On that impressive day in December, at Cham- paign, 111., when his mortal remains were laid to rest, it was touching to see the thousands of sad countenances of the people who had known him best assembled to bear witness to their affection and admiration for the man who had done so much to make this a better world. Those of us who had known him in recent years shared their feeling of loss; for we, too, had learned to love and admire him. I can not think of William McKinley without recalling the words, " There is nothing so kingly as kindness." [191 MEMORIAL ADDRESSES gbbresft bv Senator i\obmsion Of Arkansas Mr. President: That infinite variety which runs through all nature displays itself in the differences of character, of motive, and of disposition among men. William B. McKinley possessed a peculiar yet an attractive personality. In this audience there are a few who did not enjoy intimate acquaint- ance with him. An accurate picture of the man's character can be painted in a few words. If you who knew him well and loved him much were asked to say what words would best define his nature and his character, no doubt you would answer " Modesty, simplicity, kindness, generosity, charity." It is easily substantiated by history that all great men possess some blemish, some defect, which has diminished their greatness and marred their beauty. As one who will always count himself fortunate in having enjoyed intimate relationship and pro- longed companionship with Senator McKinley, I say, with sincerity, he was freer from defect than any other individual I have ever known in public life. Here, where he served with efficiency and dili- gence, there has never occurred an incident in which Senator McKinley asserted himself or his wishes to the annoyance or embarrassment of any of his associates. It is a singular thing that one in [20] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY American politics should find himself able to climb to high altitudes of public confidence without those manifestations of aggressiveness and selfishness which are blemishes common to most men who succeed in politics. I challenge with confidence an examination of the record of William B. McKinley, either in the body at the other end of the Capitol or in the Senate of the United States. It is believed that not a single instance can be found where arro- gance, unfairness, or injustice to his associates was displayed. The causes which seemed to interest him more than others were education and world peace. The objects in which one finds his most permanent and sincere interest are often illustrative of his charac- ter. What more exalted purposes can inspire a living being than to promote the intelligence of his fellows and to advance the cause of peace among them? For many years Senator McKinley was president of the American group of the Interparliamentary Union, and in his capacity as president of that group he led the delegates of the United States in conventions held at the capitals of various foreign countries. He always exemplified a sincere inter- est and a real confidence in his mission and in the purposes of the organization which he so modestly and ably represented. In foreign lands there are thousands of men of vision and of exceptional ability who prior to Sen- ator McKinley's death came to have an apprecia- tion for the sublime purposes which animated and [21] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES inspired the man who, more than all others we have known, while remembering others forgot himself. Reference has been made by the Senator from Kansas [Mr. Capper] to the spirit of self-sacrifice which Senator McKinley displayed when, at his desk here, where during these addresses sits a former Governor of Illinois, Mr. Richard Yates, he voted for the resolution admitting the United States to the Permanent Court of International Justice. It is doubtful if in recent years there has arisen in the Senate of the United States a contest or an issue about which men of sincere purpose have differed more widely than on the subject involved in that resolution. Senator McKinley knew, and we all knew, that out in Illinois were numerous groups, possessing great political power, opposed to the United States participating in the World Court, and he also knew that those groups would reflect their opposition in the approaching primaries. It can not of course be determined with accuracy just how much any one question or issue influences the course of an electorate constituted as are the electors of the State of Illinois, but it is certain that the opposition would have been placated if Senator McKinley had yielded his viewpoint and voted against the resolution. But he had seen this country engaged in a foreign war in 1898, and when he came to vote upon the resolution he remembered that thousands of the best and bravest young men who owed alle- giance to our flag had gone to Cuba and to the [22] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY Philippines, and that many of them had died in maintaining the cause of our Republic. And he could not forget — indeed, who can forget — that within recent years the strength and manhood of this Nation were tested by a conflict which called 4,000,000 of the best and bravest the world has ever known from peaceful pursuits to military conflicts in foreign lands in sight of strange battle standards. Senator McKinley, remembering the bloody, mud-soaked ditches of France, the countless white crosses that lifted their arms in mute appeal to Almighty God, the millions of homes made deso- late, the countless gold-star mothers who sat by their lonely firesides and prayed to God for peace, remembering his duty to the past and to the future, sacrificed his political hope in a cause he believed to be just. It matters little that Senator McKinley was de- feated; it matters little whether we agreed with him or disagreed with him; the important thing is that the United States possessed a public servant who was willing and able to yield his chances for hon- orable position among his fellow men in order that he might do a service to the mothers and sons of America and to the men, women, and children of all lands. The notable features of Senator McKinley's pub- lic service were painstaking attention to detail, capacity for organization, directness in speech, and that magnetic influence which is derived from sympathetic contact with others. All these en- abled him to serve his constituency and the Nation with effectiveness. [23] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES He was not an orator, but he possessed notable capacity for organization. In his private business affairs he gathered about him lawyers of rare intelligence and exceptional capacity, foremen of unusual foresight, workmen of peculiar skill and fitness, so that his business was always well directed, and, in the end, proved amazingly pros- perous. It is a singular thing that most men, in acquiring the disposition and capacity to accumu- late, lose or deny to themselves the faculty for enjoyment. So that one who spends his years in gathering riches rarely derives pleasure from his accumulations after they have been secured. Who among us who visited Champaign, 111., on the occasion of Senator McKinley's funeral has forgotten or will forget the vast concourse of people who assembled near the church in which the ceremonies were conducted? Who has for- gotten the old friends brought from hospitals in invalid chairs in order that they might pay a last tribute to the man whom they had so well known and loved? Who has forgotten the thousands of little boys and girls who stood in silence outside the church while the services were being conducted and whose tearful silence gave a far more impres- sive tribute to the worth of the dead man than all the eulogies that human lips can utter? Down through the streets of his home city, past the church which he had erected in memory of his father, a minister, out beyond the great hospital which his beneficence had constructed, where in the years to come thousands of sick and suffering will receive the most skillful attention which [24] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY modern science can secure, out to the cemetery, the procession passed through lines of grief- stricken people who recognized the fact that in his passing Illinois had lost a faithful servant, Champaign had lost a distinguished citizen, and her people had been deprived of a faithful, sympathetic, generous friend. Mr. Deneen. Mr. President, I ask for the adop- tion of the resolutions which I submitted. The resolutions were unanimously agreed to. Mr. Deneen. Mr. President, as a further mark of respect to the memory of the deceased Senators, I move that the Senate do now adjourn. The motion was unanimously agreed to, and (at 12 o'clock and 5 minutes p. m.) the Senate adjourned until to-morrow, Monday, February 28, 1927, at 12 o'clock meridian. T25] igroteebingg in U) c 2^ou£e of &epres;entattbeg 44021—27- $roceebmga in tf)e J&owlt of ftepretfentattoea Wednesday, December 8, 1926. A message from the Senate, by Mr. Craven, one of its clerks, announced that the Senate had passed the following resolution: Resolved, That the Senate has heard with deep regret and profound sorrow the announcement of the death of Hon. William B. McKinley, late a Senator from the State of Illinois. Resolved, That a committee of 15 Senators be appointed by the Vice President to take order for superintending the funeral of the deceased Senator. Resolved, That the Secretary communicate these resolutions to the House of Representatives and trans- mit a copy thereof to the family of the deceased. Resolved, That as a further mark of respect to the memory of the deceased the Senate do now adjourn. Mr. Madden. Mr. Speaker, I present the following resolutions for immediate consideration. The Clerk read (H. Res. 325) as follows: Resolved, That the House has heard with profound sorrow of the death of the Hon. William Brown McKinley, a Senator of the United States from the State of Illinois. Resolved, That the Clerk communicate these reso- lutions to the Senate and transmit a copy thereof to the family of the deceased. Resolved, That a committee of 18 Members be appointed on the part of the House to join the com- mittee appointed on the part of the Senate to attend the funeral. The resolution was agreed to. [29] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES The Speaker appointed as committee on the part of the House Mr. Madden, Mr. Rainey, Mr. Sabath, Mr. Britten, Mr. Denison, Mr. King, Mr. Williams, Mr. Chindblom, Mr. Yates, Mr. Kunz, Mr. Funk, Mr. Michaelson, Mr. Sproul of Illinois, Mr. William E. Hull, Mr. Arnold, Mr. Adkins, Mr. Burton, and Mr. Montague. The Clerk read the remainder of the resolution, as follows : Resolved, That as a further mark of respect the House do now adjourn. The resolution was agreed to; accordingly (at 1 o'clock and 40 minutes p. m.) the House adjourned until to-morrow, Thursday, December 9, 1926, at 12 o'clock noon. Thursday, January 20, 1927. Mr. Madden. Mr. Speaker, I submit another order and ask unanimous consent for its immediate consideration. The Speaker. The gentleman from Illinois offers an order, which the Clerk will report, and asks for its present consideration. The Clerk read as follows: Ordered, That Sunday, the 6th day of February, at 11 o'clock, be set apart for addresses on the life, character, and public services of Hon. William B. McKinley, late a Senator from the State of Illinois. The Speaker. Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from Illinois? There was no objection. The order was agreed to. [30] WILLIAM B. Mc KIN LEY Saturday, February 5, 1927. The Speaker. The Chair designates the gentle- man from Illinois [Mr. Britten] to preside to-mor- row at the services in memory of the late Senator William B. McKinley. Sunday, February 6, 1927. The House met at 11 o'clock a. m. and was called to order by Mr. Britten, Speaker pro tempore. Dr. B. B. James, of the American University, offered the following prayer: Assembled here, God, to pay tribute to those whose lives have been lived in the richness of the memorials of Thy enduring love, we pay grateful testimony to the memorials of labor and of service which have been left behind them by these men whose lives and achievements are cherished by their fellows. They have passed on in the continuity of spirit into the wider sphere, leaving behind the evidences of lives whose public and private worth contribute richly to the immortality of influence, to which great spirits yield so much. The reverent tributes which are to be here paid those who have departed from the fellowships of time, that are the portion of all men, have this as their added claim to the lasting regard of their associates: That they built into the fabric of their times, they laid their offerings upon the altar of citizen service, and honored their high public trusts by diligence. May Thy blessing, Almighty God, be with this gathering of those who knew and loved these men and add Thy sanction to the testimonies they shall offer, in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ. Amen. [31] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES The Speaker pro tempore. The Clerk will read the order of to-day. The Clerk read as follows : On motion of Mr. Madden, by unanimous consent — "Ordered, That Sunday, February 6, 1927, at 11 o'clock a. m., be set aside for memorial services in honor of the late Hon. William R. McKinley." Mr. Madden. Mr. Speaker, I present the follow- ing resolutions : The Clerk read (H. Res. 411) as follows: Resolved, That the business of the House be now suspended, that opportunity may be given for tributes to the memory of Hon. Charles Fuller, late a Mem- ber of this House, and Hon. William R. McKinley, late a Senator of the United States, from the State of Illinois. Resolved, That as a particular mark of respect to the memory of the deceased, and in recognition of their distinguished public careers, the House, at the conclusion of these exercises, shall stand adjourned. Resolved, That the Clerk communicate these reso- lutions to the Senate. Resolved, That the Clerk send a copy of these resolutions to the families of the deceased. The resolutions were unanimously adopted. [32] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY 8fobre£& bp &epre$entatfoe $labben Of Illinois Mr. Speaker : We are here to-day to express our satisfaction of the life and work and achievements of William B. McKinley, who served in this House for 14 years and for 6 years in the Senate, from the State of Illinois. Senator McKinley's passing was a shock to everybody who knew him. A silent man through all his life, but a very effective worker — a citizen of distinction, not only in his State but throughout the Nation and the world. The son of a Presby- terian minister, born in Petersburg, 111., buried from the church in which his father preached, and laid away in the little cemetery where his father and mother lie. Mr. McKinley learned early in his life the need for industry. He soon discovered that success came from work — that work was one of the essential needs of those who would succeed, and he devoted himself to the task of becoming a success. That he did succeed and that he was a success nobody will deny, for the State has produced few men who have achieved as much and have done the good that William B. McKinley did. Consistent in his devotion to education he con- tributed freely of what he made to every institution of learning which needed assistance. He made no distinction of race or creed in his contributions to [33] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES the advancement of education in America. The University of Illinois, one of the greatest institu- tions of learning in America, was the beneficiary of his work and contributions. He gave them of his genius, of his organizing powers, of his money and of his time, without stint. He gave to all the struggling colleges of our State without publicity. His contributions to education, to religion, and to charity were made without advertising. He didn't let his left hand know what his right hand did. He was a benefactor for the good his benefactions did to those who received them and not for the publicity which he received as the result of his benefactions. He lived to do things for the public and for the people he liked. He was not a speech maker — he shunned the limelight, but he was none the less an effective force in shaping the Nation's policies. During the 14 years of his service in the House he was probably as influential as any man here. His word, never profusely given, was always kept. If he believed in a thing he did it. If it did not appeal to him he shunned it. One need but have an intimation from him that he would do what was wanted and it was done. He did not enter into arguments as to why he did it or why he refused to do it. He was a public servant in the truest sense. He was not in public life because he wanted additional power — he was in the service because he wanted to serve. Senator McKinley built up several tremendous industrial enterprises; he accumulated a large fortune, but no one ever saw him take advantage [34] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY of that. He considered himself but the trustee of the fortune he made, and as trustee of that fortune he administered the trust to the best advantage of his country. William B. McKinley took a great interest in the World War. He was a man of peace, but he was an American. He wanted to see America supreme. He wanted her to be just, and he exercised all the power he had to see that what she did was justly done. I traveled with him over the battle fields during the World War. I saw the solicitude with which he entered upon every phase of the war's activities. I saw the hope that he had for future peace. I watched him develop the organization known as the Interparliamentary Union, of which he became the head and of which he was the head when he died. I saw him build that organization up to a point where it expressed international power in behalf of peace — peace without the surrender of honor. He was a silent, modest, unassuming, great man. I loved him for what he was. I revere his memory. He has passed on from the turmoil of life and he has been handed over to history. He will not be forgotten. His work will go forward. He will be remembered for what he was and for what he did. What he thought and what he said and what he did has been indelibly impressed upon the minds of thou- sands. They will carry on the ideas that he expressed in life and William B. McKinley, through those who still remain, will be planting the seed of patriotism and devotion to the Nation [35] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES that he so well loved. And so, while we are here to tell the story of his life and his work, we will not mourn, because he would not mourn if he were here to pay tribute to one of his colleagues. He would not want us to mourn for him. While he was here he did his duty — he was happy in the performance of that duty and he passed on across the divide with peace in his mind and love in his heart. And so, as we meet to-day in this Hall, we do so not in sorrow that William B. McKinley has gone but in pride that it was our privilege while he lived to know him and associate with him in the great work he had to do and did so well in behalf of the Nation's future. [36] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY gfobretfg bp &epregentattoe Benson Of Illinois Mr. Speaker: I shall speak very briefly of Sen- ator McKinley as I knew him. I never enjoyed the advantages of a close or an intimate personal relationship with him. I first met him when I came here in 1915 as a Member of the Sixty-fourth Con- gress. Senator McKinley had been reelected to the House after an absence of two years. The friend- ship which we then formed grew somewhat closer, I think, in the years that followed than that which generally exists between Members and their col- leagues, and it became more firmly fixed as the years passed by. During the six years he served in the House after I became a Member, and the six years he served in the Senate, I had occasion very often to go to Senator McKinley for help and counsel. He was never too busy to give help freely and promptly when called upon by the younger Members. It was one of Senator McKinley's characteristics to assist young men in whatever field of endeavor they might be engaged. He seemed to take a pride and pleasure in doing so, and this was true with refer- ence to the younger Members of Congress as well as to the young men of his acquaintance in other fields of activity. Senator McKinley was one of those strange characters whom a great many people knew a great deal about, but whom very few really, knew. He [37] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES seemed to shrink from unfolding his soul to those about him. Very rarely did he disclose his pur- poses to any save those who were bound to him by the very closest personal or spiritual ties. He was one of the few men I have known who possessed those rare qualities of mind and soul that make men great in the estimation of their fellowmen, but who prefer not to be publicly praised because of them. As I look back upon the life of Senator McKinley, as I knew him, there are certain qualities of his character which stand out prominently in the picture of his life. One was his childlike modesty. Modesty very rarely clothes those who attain high place, especially in the realm of politics; but with Senator McKinley it was always apparent. He did many things that would entitle anyone to unre- served praise; but to praise him, especially in his own presence, seemed to cause him embarrass- ment. He was always doing something for others; he seemed to get a pleasure out of helping or con- tributing to the pleasure of others without letting them know he was doing it. How easy it is for most of us to lend a helping hand to others, or bestow our favors upon others, when we can hear our name and our action praised by our neighbors for doing so. But how very few of us get a pleasure from helping others and yet concealing the identity of the helper. That was characteristic of Senator McKinley. He possessed many of the qualities and virtues of greatness hidden or dimmed by the mantle of modesty. [38] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY But any appraisal of Senator McKinley's life and work would be incomplete without mention of his splendid courage and his indomitable deter- mination to accomplish what he undertook to do. I have sometimes suspected that it was to these qualities more than to all others that his unusual success in business was due. When he started to do a thing that he thought was right and desirable, nothing could turn him from his purpose. Those who were interested in national politics before and following the days of the Chicago convention in which Justice Taft was nominated for President will remember and appreciate the courage and determination with which Senator McKinley pur- sued the work he had in hand. Whether it was an election or the consummation of an important business transaction or the enactment of legisla- tion in which he felt an interest, he always drove courageously ahead, and gave his whole heart and splendid energy toward the accomplishment of his purpose with a determination that could not be bent or halted by the thought of defeat or the fear of results. But under the surface of things the key to Sen- ator McKinley's life and character was his devo- tion to service. In his public and private life he served others unselfishly. As a Member of the House and of the Senate he served well and faith- fully those whom he represented. For many years before his death he was prominently identified with the Interparliamentary Union, an interna- tional organization composed of representatives from the parliaments of the world and devoted to [39] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES the promotion of better understanding and peace among the nations. He unselfishly devoted his time and his energy and his resources to that great work, because he thought that by doing so he was serving his country and the cause of peace by pro- moting fuller cooperation and better understanding among the nations of the world. In his private life and his various business activities he was always willing and anxious to be of some helpful service to others. Whether by contributing to their welfare or to their pleasure, Senator McKinley seemed to get his greatest pleasure from serving others. Many of us here can recall, I am sure, how, when he was a Member of the House, he always gave a reception or banquet to the Members at the beginning of each Congress in order to help the new Members become acquainted. That was a real service to all the Members. I recall once when a congressional party was returning from a trip to the Canal Zone. We all wanted to call at Kingston, Jamaica, and spend a day on that beautiful island which was not on the regular route for our steamer. Senator McKinley heard members of the party express their desire. Without letting any- one on board know who did it, he, at his own expense, sent a wireless message from the center of the Caribbean Sea to the Secretary of War in Washington asking for an order to the captain to call at Jamaica. The request was granted. On orders from the Secretary of War, the ship was turned from her course and steamed into Kingston [40] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY Harbor. The congressional party spent a wonder- ful day motoring through the tropical mountain valleys of that island, and none of the party knew how it had happened. That was characteristic of Senator McKinley. He was always trying to con- tribute to the happiness of others without letting them know he did so. The Great Teacher of Nazareth, whom we all follow, taught His disciples to serve one another and that they would be the greatest who served the most. I have sometimes thought that Senator McKinley believed literally in that doctrine and tried to conform his life to that precept. Senator McKinley was one of the most charitable men of his time. By his own efforts he accumu- lated a large fortune. He gave it freely to the service of others. He was not a philanthropist as that term is popularly understood, because his charities were usually unannounced and unsung. The philanthropist of to-day gives his fortune to some great cause but usually does it in such a manner as to leave a monument to perpetuate his own name and his deeds. Andrew Carnegie was a philanthropist. He gave away millions that the public might have free libraries, but every library is a monument in marble to perpetuate the name of Andrew Carnegie. Mr. Rockefeller has given many millions to the cause of science and educa- tion, but the Rockefeller foundations and the university buildings will forever perpetuate the name of Rockefeller. Senator McKinley gave away millions, but his gifts provided no monuments to his memory. He [41] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES did not want them known and I doubt if it would be in accord with his wishes that they be men- tioned on this occasion. But how can we fitly speak of the life and character of Senator McKinley without making some mention of his charity which was, I believe, one of the controlling motives of his life and was the virtue from which he derived his greatest pleasure. I have known very few men, either in public or private life, with a more kindly disposition than Senator McKinley. At his funeral one of his most intimate friends said of him that he was childlike in his kindness and simplicity. A sense of humor is always a happy virtue for anyone in public life. Senator McKinley was blessed with a sense of humor that made it always a pleasure to be with him. In the course of his public life he passed through many stormy and turbulent times, but he never lost his temper nor seemed to worry. I have never seen him angry. He had troubles, of course, and many sorrows, as all of us have, but he concealed them from the world and always showed to the world the same kind expression. Senator McKinley was a good man; he was a charitable man; he was an able and wise legislator and possessed many elements of true greatness as a man, and the country, as well as the State of Illinois, has suffered a great loss in his passing. [42] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY gfobre-ete bp &epre*entattoe gfofem* Of Illinois Mr. Speaker and Gentlemen of the House: At Petersburg, 111., on September 5, 1856, William B. McKinley was born. His father was a Presby- terian minister and not financially able to give his son the advantages of early education and training that some of the more fortunate boys of his time received. I think Senator McKinley's life is the greatest inspiration to the humble-born boy I have ever known. I would say there were three phases of Senator McKinley's life — one business, one politi- cal, and one constructive philanthropy. He climbed to the top of the " ladder of success " in each field, which demonstrates to the young man, no matter how humble born, if he so lives and conducts himself and has the right kind of " stuff " in him, he can succeed in his chosen field of endeavor. No other country in the world offers the poor boy such an opportunity, and is it any wonder that the poor people of other lands want to come to this country? At the age of 48 years Senator McKinley found his various business enterprises well organized, and as he often stated — he was unnecessary in his business and that he had them so well organized they could get along without him. In 1904 he was elected to Congress. I cam- paigned the district for him each time he was a 44021—27 i [43] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES candidate. In 1912 when our party was divided I was returning home with him one evening and we both knew we were conducting a losing fight. I asked him why he was running for Congress when he had already served four terms in Congress, had money enough to meet all his needs, and I could not see why he should work so hard to be elected. He then told me that he had all the money he needed and that he did not care whether he ever added another dollar to his income or not. He said that he believed that every citizen who makes a large fortune in a community should give some of it back to that community by helping worthy public enterprises and institutions; that he had enough to keep him and to contribute to worthy enterprises each year; and that his work in Congress kept him busy, as he had been busy for more than 48 years of his life. In his business and political triumphs or failures he was the same congenial and modest man. His many successes in business activities and his many successful political campaigns never turned his head. In his two political defeats in 1912 and 1926 his attitude toward his successful rivals was such that it impressed me that the words of the poet applied to his case when he said : Dear Lord, in the battle that goes on through life, I ask but a field that is fair, A chance that is equal with all in the strife, A courage to strive and to dare; And if I should win, let it be by the code With my faith and my honor held high; And if I should lose, let me stand by the road, And cheer as the winners go by. [44] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY Rev. J. Walter Malone, pastor of the George Mc- Kinley Memorial Church, erected by the Senator in memory of his father, said of Senator Mc- Kinley's interest in education and his desire for world peace that while reading a passage in Doctor Fosdick's book, The Meaning of Service, I came to these words: " When we see a wealthy man, who honorably fortunate, is as simple in his life and as sensitive in his conscience as when he was a boy, as amiable, approachable, demo- cratic, fraternal, and generous as when his business life began, we have seen one of the most difficult and admirable spiritual victories that a man can win." When I read this I wrote in the margin of the book the initials of Senator McKinley. He gave away a large fortune to churches, schools, hospitals, and other worthy struggling public institutions which were helped because he felt it his Christian duty to do so and very few peo- ple knew about it. The many men in Illinois who he helped financially through college will tell you how Senator McKinley helped them get started in life but the Senator would never tell you. The fine Christian training he received at the fireside of his father and mother remained a part of him through life and he devoted his life and fortune to the bet- terment of mankind. In other words, he impressed me as the man who — lived in a house by the side of the road and was a friend to man. [45] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES gfooreste fop Bepreaentattoe Parfclep Of Kentucky Mr. Speaker: Between the States of Kentucky and Illinois there has always existed a bond of sentimental affection. Kentucky was the first State carved out of that vast territory west of the Alleghenies which formed that great midcontinent to which we refer with pride and admiration. The opening up of Kentucky soon after the Revolution excited the venturesome spirit of the pioneers, men and women, who lived along the eastern fringe of the country. Then later, that same venturesome spirit led to the settlement of Illinois and Indiana, and other States north and west. It is a source of great pride to us in Kentucky that some of the greatest names that have adorned the pages of the history of Illinois were born in Kentucky — Shelby M. Gullom, the first Governor Yates, Adlai E. Stevenson, who was my grandmother's first cousin and of whom I used to sit and listen as a boy to the stories she told of him after she lived to see him Vice President of the United States. The greatest of all, of course, was Abraham Lincoln, who went from Kentucky to Indiana and then into Illinois. So from a historical standpoint Kentucky and Illinois have always felt close together, and as a Representative from Kentucky I find special pleasure in offering a word of tribute to one of the really great and good men of Illinois. [46] WILLIAM B. Mc KIN LEY The House of Representatives is a fair cross section of the people of the United States. Men from time immemorial have railed against it, and no doubt will continue to rail against the House for what they deem to be its shortcomings, but I doubt whether in any country in the world or in any other sort of body in this country a more representative group of men could be gathered together by any process or in any profession than is represented here year after year by the mem- bership of this House chosen by the people. Frequently we see members come here and we wonder what it is about them that attracts public attention and draws the voter to them, and probably in our ignorance and in some instances in our egotism we express wonder at the election of such and such a man to the House of Repre- sentatives. Yet when we become intimately ac- quainted with these men, we learn that there are hidden virtues and qualities which can not be discovered upon superficial acquaintance. These qualities have been impressed upon those who trust them, who are willing to confide to their keeping the destinies of a great nation. Senator McKinley was such a man. He was defeated in 1912, the year when I was first elected to this body. So I did not know him until he came back again two years later. When he came into the House again I had, of course, known him in a newspaper sense for some years as a Member of Congress, and when I observed his quiet, unobtru- sive methods, coming as I do from a State which [47] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES has been noted for its picturesque political con- troversies, I wondered just how it was that a man of his temperament and type could appeal to the rough-and-tumble spirit of a State like Illinois, whose political controversies have been noted for their picturesque characteristics. But when I learned to know Senator McKinley and to know his real worth, his real qualities, his real virtues, his real heart, I could understand why in a State like his and like mine it might come about that people would conclude that statesmanship is not always sound and fury. I did not become as well acquainted with Senator McKinley in the House as I did after he became a Member of the Senate, because it fell to my lot to make two rather extended trips with him — one to Panama on the occasion referred to by the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. Denison] and later on an extended trip to Europe. On these intimate acquaintance- ships which travel together always brings about I learned to appreciate the real qualities of this real man. I recall his activities as the head of the American group of the Interparliamentary Union. I had not been named as one of the delegates originally, but one of those who had been named for some reason was unable to go, and Senator McKinley approached me with only one day's notice before the sailing of the ship with a request that I take the place of the delegate who could not go. Of course it afforded me an opportunity which was wholly unexpected, and I scurried around [48] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY with his assistance and got my passport and photo- graph and all of the necessary accouterments of a trip of that sort; and on the way over, in Europe, and on the way back I became intimately ac- quainted with this good man. He was kindness and generosity personified. He was the soul of courtesy. He was a diplomat. In the cross cur- rents of opinion that existed among the 25 or 30 nations that were represented at the Interparlia- mentary Union at Stockholm, Senator McKinley was more instrumental in smoothing out differ- ences and rubbing off the rough edges and sharp corners and bringing about harmony than any other man from any delegation at that great conference. So, my friends, I am glad to pay this feeble tribute to Senator McKinley, who was my friend, as a conscientious, devoted, unselfish, modest, public servant, who impressed his personality not only upon Illinois but upon the United States, and whose monument can not be expressed in cold marble or stone. As I think of him I recall an inscription that I saw on that same trip in St. Paul's Cathedral in London. I had been with some other members through the Westminster Abbey and had viewed the wax figures of kings and queens and had seen the tombs of historians, poets, and warriors in that great abbey. From there we went over to St. Paul's, designed and built by that great English architect, Sir Christopher Wren, who was the de- signer of nearly all of the magnificent buildings you will find in London. Finally we came to his [49] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES tomb in the floor of this great cathedral, and on it were inscribed these words: Here lies the body of Sir Christopher Wren, the builder of this cathedral. He lived not for himself alone but for mankind. Stranger, if you seek a monument, look around. There may be no tall shaft of marble erected to the memory of Senator McKinley. I think his whole life typifies that inscription on that tomb of Sir Christopher Wren. He lived not for himself alone, but for mankind. Stranger, if you seek a monument, look around — look around at better men, better cities, better schools, better homes, better States, a better Nation, and a better world, made better because he lived and worked in it. Let us hope that all of us here who participate in these exercises may deserve such an inscription when our time shall come. [50] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY gfofcreste op &epre$entattbe button Of Ohio Mr. Speaker: To those of us who are advanced in age it is a source of the deepest sorrow that we must witness the passing on of a majority of those whom we have loved. There are so many younger in years with bright hopes and work incomplete who are taken away before us. Troops of friends may remain, but in the roster of those with whom we have associated much the larger share have gone on before us. So many have had occasion to say — My boyhood friend has fallen, The pillar of my trust, The true, the wise, the beautiful, Is sleeping in the dust. It was my good fortune to know William McKinley intimately. He first came to Congress in 1905. I traveled with him, I worked with him, we were interested together in a great number of causes, and during that score of years I saw him sometimes in triumph and sometimes in defeat. I saw him when he was in the pride of health and again when he was suffering and racked with pain. Always there was in him a constancy and equanimity, a faith and will power which raised him above his immediate surroundings. In his public career he inspired confidence by his unswerving integrity and loyalty and by his discriminating judgment. He did not claim to be [51] UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY MEMORIAL ADDRESSES an orator, but he was a master of terse and forceful statement. His words were few but weighty. I think in no public man with whom I have been acquainted was there more highly developed the virtue of modesty. In his private life he was termed a capitalist. He acquired wealth, but that wealth was freely dispensed to kindred and friends, to charity, for education, for religion, always with an eye to the public good. Where devoted hands seek to lift up the heads of the poor and suffering his benefactions are widely known and will be very helpful in the years that are to come. It may be said of him that he enjoyed business success, political preferment, service; but the greatest of these was service. He inspired the confidence of his friends by his affection for them, by his loyalty, by his good will, by his helpful suggestions. We must in the last analysis judge of anyone who lives on this sphere, not as a statesman, not as a legislator or general, but by what he was as a man, and judged by this standard we may say of him — His life was gentle and the elements so mixed in him that Nature might stand up and say to all the world, this was a man. Reference has been made to his association with the Interparliamentary Union. For six years he was president of the American group. He was the leader and the bulwark of that organization. He was intensely interested in the cause of world peace and understanding. He attended six of those international gatherings, and in each he was notably a diplomat, bringing together conflicting interests, preventing any friction or jar. [52] william b. Mckinley I may almost say that while he said the least, he accomplished the most. I remember with the keenest satisfaction how the representatives of many nations stood with bowed heads at Geneva last September when a cablegram to him was framed expressing sympathy and hope for his recovery. It will be exceedingly difficult to fill his place, not merely in that organization but in the great causes in which he was so much interested. His work is done. I saw him not many months before his death, after the mortification of defeat, tortured by pain, realizing not dimly but vividly that his end was near, yet I never saw a braver spirit than his in those days of weakness and distress. He has passed from us. His body will lie in the cemetery at Champaign, in the com- munity where he delighted to dwell, in the State which honored and loved him, in the country to which he gave so many years of faithful and efficient service. I can not forbear to say that such a life as his revivifies and strengthens our belief in immortality. In the wonderful scheme of creation, is it possible that such a life shall be swallowed up and lost? I can not believe it. I rather feel like uttering the sentiment, Nor blame I death because he bare The use of virtue out of earth; I know transplanted human worth Will bloom to profit otherwhere. [53] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES gfouretfs; bp Bkepresientattoe Jflontague Of Virginia Mr. Speaker : I was a Member of the House when Senator McKinley, after an absence of one term, returned to this body in 1915. I recall how unob- trusively he sat near the rear on the left. He never sought the " high places of the synagogue." This act was one of many so typical of his modesty. I had never seen him and was rather surprised at his appearance, as I expected one of more com- manding presence. Through chance I was shortly thrown into personal contact with him, and I then quickly learned his real worth. I discerned at once his administrative talent and judgment, cou- pled with great industry and tact, and then under- stood the wisdom of his selection in the councils of his party. Latterly I was thrown more intimately with him as president of the American group of the Inter- parliamentary Union. I accompanied him and the group on four trips abroad, and was associated with him when the conference met in this Hall in 1925. One had to be rather closely associated with Sen- ator McKinley to appreciate his full worth. When working in a small company, solving difficult and complicated questions, his mind worked rapidly, justly, and accurately in assembling and assessing the real points involved. [54] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY On these trips abroad every member of the American Interparliamentary group, as well as those of their families who accompanied him, es- teemed Senator McKinley as a personal friend. It was surprising and pleasurable to realize how con- siderate and helpful he was to all the members of the group, even when engrossed in matters of re- sponsibility and detail. There was no day that he did not evidence his kindly assistance to one or more members of the group. It will be difficult to fill his place as president of the American group. He performed the varied duties of this position with great diligence and success, giving every phase of the work unstinted energy and well-poised judgment. He never seemed to hurry, but was prodigious in accom- plishments. I fear that the most prominent qualification for modern political success is audacity. This Sena- tor McKinley did not possess; he was among the diminishing number of public servants who did great work under the shield of modesty. He seemed to efface himself; he accomplished big things without desiring praise therefor. I was one of the committee of the Congress who attended the obsequies of Senator McKinley in his home town of Champaign. The funeral was most impressive. There was no display, no pomp, nor circumstance — in full keeping with his taste, his simplicity, and naturalness. The church was packed with sorrowful neighbors and friends. The altar was heaped with flowers, as if the Tropics had kindly showered their floral wealth upon his [55] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES bier. Great crowds, unable to gain standing room in the church, stood without upon wet sod and streets and in the chilling winds, apparently unconscious of any discomfort save the heavy weight of their sad hearts. The music was of a high and appealing order. The sermon of the pastor was concise, but exhibiting great sincerity and dignity. Then followed an address by the president of a college which Senator McKinley had largely aided in maintaining and developing — an address of impressive force, not of studied phrase, but a clear and effective analysis of his subject's life. I think I sum up that address and the minds of everyone present when I say that we may speak by the hour of Senator McKinley only to come to one conclusion, namely, that he was a good man, singular in the fidelities of life, the sanctities of home, the capacity for friendships, and diligent in business for nobler and higher ends. The opera- tions of his spirit in philanthropy and altruism was the applied philosophy of his life. I wish to mention another characteristic of Senator McKinley, and that was his extraordinary patience, which is no insignificant gift in the category of human excellencies. He was equa- nimity itself. With unruffled mind he met the irritations and exactions of public life, justly, kindly, and industriously disposing of each frictional incident as it arose. He seemed to have achieved the equilibriums of life. I can well see how the people of the great State of Illinois, belonging as it does to that section of the country [56] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY that is now or soon will be the center of social, economic, and political gravity of this Nation, elected him year after year to high places of public trust. They discovered the inherent merits of Senator McKinley, the merits of diplomacy, of parliamentary efficiency, and practical sagacity, but, most of all, those great human qualities that reach out and touch all. It is not the Senate or the favor of the multitude that makes greatness, but the inner self that sees the luminous line in the clouted struggle, that hears the cries and hope of humanity, and that gladly responds to the light and the call. To-day, as in the many days to come, we recall his gentle personality, his multiform and con- siderate courtesies, his refined and humorous amenities, and his high sense of public duty and service. His friends will not forget him, and his country will embalm him in grateful memory. Mr. Speaker, I ask leave to file letters and tele- grams from some of the distinguished men of other lands who were associated with Senator McKinley in the work and deliberations of the Interparliamentary Union. (Circular to the Groups No. 3 (1927) on death of Mr. W. B. McKinley, president of the American group) Interparliamentary Union, 5, Place Claparede, Geneva, January 17, 1927. [Telegrams : Interparlement-Geneve] Mr. President, we deeply regret to announce the death, which occurred on December 7 last, of Senator William B. McKinley, president of the American group. The [57] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES event was not unexpected, as Senator McKinley had been seriously ill for many months, and his recovery had long been despaired of. All who have met Mr. McKinley at our postwar con- ferences and particularly those who were privileged to take part in the Washington conference over which he so ably presided will cherish his memory with respectful gratitude. They will no doubt wish to send a message of sympathy to the American group, for whom the death of Senator McKinley is a heavy loss. An article on the life and work of our deceased colleague will appear in the next number of the " Rulletin," but it is felt that the groups should be informed without delay of the sad news. I am, dear sir, your obedient servant, Chr. L. Lange, Secretary General Interparliamentary Union. Ottawa, January 11, 1927. Mr. Arthur Deerin Call, American Peace Society, Colorado Building, Washington, D. C. Dear Mr. Call: It was very thoughtful of you to send me a number of " The Advocate of Peace " in which appears a sympathetic reference to the late Senator William R. McKinley. I have read this with much interest and sympathy. I learned, during the short time of my very pleasant meeting of the late Mr. McKinley, to love and admire him for his kindness and his genuine and human philosophy. May I renew the expression of my warmest good wishes for the New Year and with the hope of having the pleasure of meeting you soon. Relieve me, most sincerely yours, N. A. Relcourt, President Canadian Group. [58] WILLIAM B. Mc KIN LEY 9, Square Vergote, Brussels, January 19, 1927. To the President and Members of the United States Group of the Interparliamentary Union. Dear Sirs : In the name of my colleagues of the Belgian group of the Interparliamentary Union, I am led to express to you the regrets that come to us all in hearing of the death of Senator "William B. McKinley, your venerated president. Those among us who had the privilege of knowing him will always hold a precious memory. His courtesy, devotion to the ideas which are at the foundation of the Interparliamentary Union, the welcome which he extended to us during the sessions of the Inter- parliamentary Union held in Washington in 1925, created between him and us bonds of affection and friendship which will survive his passing. Death can separate men but it is powerless to make them forget. We quite understand all the pain which must be yours because of the loss of him who guided your actions toward that better entente between peoples. We share in this most keenly and pray you to believe in our cordial sentiments of sympathy. The President, H. LaFontaine, President of the Belgian Group. Llanover Abergavenny, South Wales, January 20, 1927. Arthur D. Call, Esq. Dear Sir: As president of the British group of the Interparliamentary Union I have the sad duty of con- veying to you, on behalf of my group, an expression of the deep regret with which we have received the news of the death of Senator William B. McKinley, president of the American group of the union. To me personally the meeting with Senator McKinley was a pleasure which I had many times enjoyed at various gatherings connected with the union in Europe and to 44021—27 5 [59] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES which I have always looked forward with many of my colleagues, who, more fortunate than I, took part in the conference of Washington in 1925, will always retain a happy memory of his pleasing personality. May I ask you to be so good as to convey this expression of our sympathy to the members of your group of the union whom we would wish to join in the expression of condolence which they will doubtless address to the family of their president and our colleague and friend. Believe me, dear sir, Yours very sincerely, Treowen, President of the British Group. Dublin, January 20, 1927. Call, 613 Colorado Building, Washington: Irish group Interparliamentary Union sends deep sym- pathy on death of Senator McKinley. Hayes, Speaker Dail Eireann. Kjoebenhavn, January 29, 1927. Call, American Interparliamentary Group, Washington: Danish Interparliamentary group learn with deep sadness about President McKinley's death and want to express sympathy with the severe loss of the American group. MOLTESEN LAUESGAARD, Secretary Danish Group. 's-Gravenhage, January 21, 1927. The United States Group of the Interparliamentary Union: The Dutch group of the Interparliamentary Union just now has become aware of the decease on December 7 of Mr. W. B. McKinley, your venerated president. [60] WILLIAM B. Mc KIN LEY The group knows that his death is not only a bereave- ment for the United States members of the Interparlia- mentary Union, but that the union in its entirety will feel keenly the loss of this noble man, who was one of the best friends of peace movement and international understanding. We beg you to be sure of the feelings of high respect the Dutch group will connect with the memory of Mr. McKinley. wlttert van hoogland, President, Dutch Group. Hungarian Group of the Interparliamentary Union, Budapest, January 22, 1927. Mr. Arthur Deerin Gall, Secretary of the American Group of the Interparliamentary Union, Washington. Sir: The Hungarian group of the Interparliamentary Union expresses its profoundest regret upon the death of Senator William B. McKinley, president of the American group of the union. Senator McKinley was one of the most prominent representatives and most illustrious in activities tending to realize the noble ends of our union. We are conscious of the great loss which his death means to the American group, especially as many members of our group were privileged to enjoy the amiable and hospitable reception extended by the deceased upon the occasion of the last conference of the Interparliamentary Union in Washington. Please accept, dear Mr. Secretary, the expression of our highest consideration. A. de Berzeviczy, President. E. de Badisics, Secretary General. [61] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES January 24, 1927. Mr. A. D. Call, Secretary American Group of the Interparliamentary Union, Colorado Building, Washington, D. C. My Dear Mr. Call: I have received from the Finnish group of the Interparliamentary Union a communication requesting me to express to the American group the deep regret and sympathy they have felt upon learning of the death of Senator William B. McKinley, late chairman of the American group of the Interparliamentary Union. May I request you to convey this message to the Ameri- can Interparliamentary Union? I am, my dear Mr. Call, Very truly yours, L. Astrom, Minister of Finland, President Finnish Group. Seanad Eireann, Tigh Laighean (Leinster House), Baile Atha Cliath (Dublin), January 26, 1927. Arthur Deerin Call, Esq., 613 Colorado Building, Washington, D. C, U. S. A. Dear Sir: On the 20th instant Deputy Hayes, Speaker of Dail Eireann, sent you a telegram in the following form: " Irish group Interparliamentary Union sends deep sympathy on death of Senator McKinley." I am directed by the Irish group to send you further the inclosed resolution of regret on the death of the distin- guished president of your group. Yours very truly, Diarmid Coffey, Secretary. [62] WILLIAM B. Mc KIN LEY Seanad Eireann, Tigh Laighean (Leinster House), Baile Atha Cliath (Dublin). The Irish group of the Interparliamentary Union wishes to place on record its sense of the great loss suffered, first, by the United States group, and, secondly, by the Inter- parliamentary Union in general, in the death of Senator William B. McKinley, president of the United States group. Senator McKinley's work for world peace will remain as a record of his ability, and will serve as an inspiration to members of the Interparliamentary Union in all countries. The Irish group remembers with grati- tude the kindness and hospitality extended to its delegates by Senator McKinley in the course of their visit to the United States in 1925, and expresses its sympathy with the United States group and with his relatives in the loss they have sustained. D. Coffey, Honorable Secretary. January 26, 1927. Kiel, Germany, January 27, 1927. To the United States of America Group of Intcrpar- liamentary Union; to the Hands of the Chairman, Washington, Capitol. Gentlemen: It is only in these days that our group with deep regret has got notice of the demise of Mr. McKinley, chairman of your group. And we have heard with living pain that he had still to endure a wearisome sickness. We feel it our greatest duty at this occasion to express to your branch of our organization our sincerest condolence. There is nobody among us who would not have had any opportunity to get acquainted with Mr. McKinley in the conferences of our union and would not have been impressed with deep respect for the personality of the deceased. The plainness of his air, joined to his high intelligence and his noble feeling, made him a repre- sentative of your grand people such as could not be imagined more impressive. If all our members feel [63] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES sincerely afflicted, knowing that such a man does not live more, those members of our group particularly must feel so who could assist the last full session in the U. S. A. The splendid manner in which he presided over our assembly and all his endeavors for widest hospitality we enjoyed make his person in quite par- ticular manner unforgotten to those who took part in that voyage. I have been charged to express to the U. S. A. branch, in the name of all members of the German group, our sincere condolence and to assure that the memory of this eminent man will ever be highly honored by us. I beg to accept the expression of my highest esteem. Yours truly, WALTHER SCHUCKING, Secretary German Group. The Czechoslovak Group Interparliamentary Union, XXIII Conference, Prague, February 10, 1927. Dear Sir: The circular letter from the secretary general of the Interparliamentary Union, by Christian L. Lange, brings us the news which is sad, not only for your interparliamentary group, but which touches deeply the hearts of us all. It is with the greatest sorrow that we have read that a man so quick and active, who presided with so much vigor and directed the twenty-third con- ference in the United States of America, and of whom all the members believed they were taking leave only for the briefest time, that this illustrious and amiable man, Senator William B. McKinley, has left us forever. Permit me, my dear secretary, to pray you be kind enough to transmit to your interparliamentary group the expression of our profoundest condolences. For the Czechoslovak group of the Interparliamentary Union. Jaroslav Brarec, President. Otokar Neruska, Secretary. [64] WILLIAM B. Mc KIN LEY gtobretfs: bp &epregentattbe J&\\\ Of Illinois Mr. Speaker : In this life we come in contact with all kinds of men. It would be a queer world if all were of the same temperament, the same type, and of the same mind. So, it seems that each man must conduct his life on an individual plan. Some pursue one course and others pursue another; some are more energetic than others; some are more humble than others. My experience in meeting with men has been a large one because a great portion of my life has been spent in traveling over the country and I have been thrown in contact with all kinds of people. My latter years brought me in contact with poli- ticians, men who were in politics for the game, men who were in politics for the office, and men who were in politics not only for the thrill of the game but also for the office. I am speaking to-day of a man I always admired, whom I always respected, and whose death was a great personal loss. Senator William B. Mc- Kinley was in a class by himself. Starting a poor man, working his way through life on his own responsibility, he grew to be very rich, and still his general appearance, his general attitude and deportment would not indicate that he was any richer when he was at the zenith of his greatness than he was at the beginning of his career. He started poor and it was his ambition to die poor. [65] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES In politics Senator McKinley was generous to everybody and had a kind word for everybody. His own campaigns were conducted largely by his personal friends who admired him because they knew him to be a good, honest, conscientious citi- zen. His election or defeat meant nothing to him. Like most men, he had an ambition to hold office and especially the one he cherished so much, the office of Senator of the United States. My relations with Senator McKinley were based solely upon friendship. I took an interest in him because of that friendship. I used what influence I had in his political welfare because I felt that he was a good man and a man that could do things in the office to which he aspired. In his first campaign as United States Senator, I managed his campaign in Peoria County and he was given a large and handsome majority. And Senator McKinley always had a friendly feeling for the city of Peoria and Peoria always had a friendly feeling for him. His passing has been recorded in the State of Illinois with regret and sorrow; and I believe as time goes on and as the history of the life of this man is fully written in the hearts of men, his generous gifts, his donations for the benefit of the generations yet to come will be remembered by a grateful people as his greatest achievement for the State he loved so well. [6G] WILLIAM B. Mc KIN LEY Sfofcreste bp &epre#entattoe Contrail? Of Texas Mr. Speaker and Gentlemen of the House: Those who have preceded me have spoken so appropriately and accurately of the life and char- acter of Senator McKinley that I feel it impossible to add anything which will in any material respect change the estimates that the public will place upon him. Before coming to Congress I had read of Senator McKinley. One of my first recollections of him was fixed by a newspaper account of his being chairman of the Republican Congressional Committee. To one who was interested in politics, a young man, that office impressed me, of course, as one of great importance. Like Governor Montague, I, too, received an impression of him as being a ponderous personage, with a loud deep voice, with a habit of thrusting his hands in the front of his coat and arousing the multitude. Of course, when I met Senator McKinley I found an altogether different type and different character of man, and I was not disappointed in so finding him. It seems to me that Senator McKinley was a nega- tion in two respects of popularly accepted concep- tions of successful types. First, he was a successful public man without any of the tricks or devices which are commonly associated in the public mind with success in public life. He made no preten- sions to oratory; he was not a spellbinder. He [67] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES practiced none of the commonly accepted methods of public men in that regard, and yet he was eminently successful. Next, he was a rich man, and yet he did not pursue the methods generally associated in the public mind with men of great riches. There was no vulgar ostentation of his wealth. Senator McKinley was essentially a gen- tle-spirited man. He was quiet, he was modest; and when we contemplate the things that he accomplished, the accumulation of great wealth, the attainment of high political office, I know of no one with those attributes that exceeded him in modesty and gentleness. He had the faculty of going into matters of detail with absolute thoroughness. I recall having been on a trip with him when he spent all of his leisure time in sending post cards and mementos and letters to his friends back home. While the rest of the party were indulging in amusements Senator McKinley was devoting him- self to his friends back home. It seems to me that the life of Senator McKinley, his splendid personal qualities and his public accomplishments, ought to make his memory a very lasting one in the records of his country. Senator Burton referred to those who are of advanced age having certain sober reminders on occasions like this. It seems to me that the passing of a man like Senator McKinley must give us all occasion to pause and take appraisement of our- selves and of our public activities. We come here and stand in this Hall and on this floor and our [68] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY feeble voices ring and resound in this Chamber for a little while and then we are gone. Occasions like this might well impress us with the fact that after all the solid, genuine qualities are the things that count. What difference does it make when we come to the end of the trail, whether we are reelected or go down to defeat on some vote that we cast in this House, if in appraising our whole career we have the consciousness of having done what we thought was right? I remember to have read a story some years ago of an old Norwegian King of the Middle Ages who had his barons at a great banquet. They were quaffing their bumpers of ale. It was a bitter night without. The storm raged. The snow was falling furiously. Suddenly into the rude chamber in which they were gathered there flew through some crack or crevice in the roof a little bird. Blinded by the light and per- plexed, it flew wildly here and there and beat itself against the rude beams. Finally it found another crevice and out it went into the night again. The Norwegian King, advanced in years, spoke to his barons and said: That bird is like a life; it comes from out of the night, it flits and flies around a little while, blinded by the light, and then it goes back out into the night again. Gentlemen of the House, as we witness the passing of a great and good man like Senator McKinley we may well take appraisal of our own public and private merits and remember that we only flit about a little while, our voices resound in [69] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES this Chamber only a little while, and then we are gone. These things are evanescent. The real substantial qualities of honestj', integrity, kindness, gentleness, modesty, and generosity will make the life of Senator McKinley remembered when much of what we do here in this Chamber shall have passed away and perished. [70] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY Sfobretfg by Bepretfentatibe Cfjtnbblom Of Illinois Mr. Speaker: The late Hon. William B. Mc- Kinley, Senator from Illinois, was serving his seventh and last term in the House of Repre- sentatives when I came here in 1919. He entered the United States Senate on March 4, 1921. Even before our association in the House, I had known Senator McKinley for a number of years. For a generation he had been an outstanding figure in the industrial and political life of our State. His connections were principally with the banking and transportation interests, but he gave great attention as well to agriculture and industry. He was eminently successful in business and politics alike. He was the most affable of men, kindly and courteous always, and ever willing to serve. No task was too small to receive his personal attention; no problem too large to receive careful and critical analysis. He had the keen business intellect of the Yankee. Good, hard common sense characterized his logic. An interesting and charm- ing conversationalist, he indulged very little in public speech. Even his campaign talks were brief, but always to the point. Both privately and publicly, he interspersed his speech with dry delightful humor which, however, was never satirical, but always entertaining. He made a point and then went on to some other phase of his subject. [71] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES He was an indefatigable worker. A letter or telephone call did not satisfy his efforts to serve his constituents. He probably spent more time in the departments, even at his ripe age, than most of the young men in either House. The same close attention must have been given to his business, in which he achieved marvelous success. With all his kindliness he was of strong will and unyielding determination. He amassed a large fortune, but used little of it for his personal enjoyment. His principal pleasure was travel, and upon his trips he invariably had with him relatives or friends whose comforts engaged his solicitude more than his own. He entertained much in his home in the National Capital where he was ably assisted by his faithful and devoted niece, Miss Julia Mattis, who served here as his hostess. Members of the American group of the Interparliamentary Union and of other organizations in which Senator McKinley was interested have fond memories of his hospitality. Many a good cause was promoted by his genial and generous sponsorship. When he passed away most of his great personal fortune was gone. He had given it away. His benefactions were many and varied and both public and private. The world will never know many of the individuals who received financial aid from him. His public generosity extended to every branch of public welfare; universities, colleges, and schools of every kind; hospitals and homes for orphans and for the aged; churches and religious societies of every Christian denomination. [72] WILLIAM B. Mc KIN LEY It was my privilege to attend his funeral at Champaign, 111. The whole city and countryside observed the day. Leading citizens from every part of Illinois came to pay their respects to his memory. The streets were lined with men, women, and children who stood in respectful silence as his remains were carried to their last resting place. Clergymen and scholars spoke his praises in those soft, tender tones which always characterized his own utterances on subjects of personal or human interest. He was buried under a mountain of flowers which bore the message of esteem and affection which filled the hearts of all his friends and neighbors. Senator McKinley's life was one worthy of the emulation of us all. [73] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES Sfobreste bp 3&epre£entatibe &mol& Of Illinois Mr. Speaker: As an admirer of the late Senator McKinley, I desire to add a little word of tribute to his memory on this occasion. It was my good fortune to have known Senator McKinley for a great many years. His father, a Presbyterian minister, was called to the pastorate of the First Presbyterian Church in Champaign, 111., when Senator McKinley was a small boy, and there he grew to manhood and became identilied with the business and commercial life of that community. When I was a student in the University of Illinois in his home town of Champaign-Urbana, I first came in contact with him more than 25 years ago. That was before he entered the arena of national politics. From that time until his passing away I have been impressed with the sincerity and sim- plicity of the man. Ostentation and show were foreign to his make-up. His outstanding personal attribute was a meek, mild, and generous nature. It has been well said that the best way to get an accurate estimate of a man is to know what his friends and neighbors — his home folks — think of him. Their estimate goes to the real merit of a man as he is, not as people sometimes think a man is. He was loved and respected by them. They will tell you that his thoughts were laden with love and [74] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY sympathy for human kind; that his generous nature responded readily to the cry of the afflicted; that when the needy and distressed turned to him for aid and comfort, his gentle ministrations smoothed their pathway of life; that words of good counsel and wholesome advice fell from his lips, an inspiration and encouragement to untold num- bers in meeting the stern realities of life. Such is the estimate of old friends and neighbors. Before his entry into the field of national politics he was an integral part of his community. A suc- cessful business man then, his continued success, first in the farm-loan business and later in the pub- lic-utility field, brought him a competency. The growth and development of his home community and the life of Senator McKinley are closely inter- woven. He was deeply concerned in its business affairs and took pride in watching its progress. He added materially to its advancement and con- tributed liberally of his time and money to its development. Elected to the National House of Representatives in 1901, he served with distinction until elected to the Senate in 1920, with the exception of two years of that period, when the wheel of political fortune retired him from active participation as a Member of the lower House. After the people of Illinois elected him to the Senate he served with credit to himself and honor to his country until his death, December 7, 1926. He was a conscientious legis- lator and did what he thought was right. As a legislator, the welfare of his country, as he saw it, 44021—27 6 [75] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES was his guiding star. While engaged in the larger field of national legislation he never grew away from his friends at home nor they from him. They loved and admired him for his honesty and sin- cerity of purpose. He was a kindly man, hard working, well informed, sincere, a friend of peace and good will at home and abroad. He gave largely of his means to institutions of learning. The University of Illinois, located in his home community, was of special concern to him. McKinley Memorial Church, located near the campus of the university, was a gift by him that the student body might receive spiritual light and religious and moral training to better fit them to fill their places in the activities of life. A half million dollars was donated by him for the McKinley Hospital, located on the university grounds, that sick and afflicted students might have proper care and comfort. A great hobby of his was the education of boys. He established a fund to be loaned to boys to enable them to complete their university course. The boys were put on their honor. If misfortune overtook them when they were out in the world and they were unable to repay the sums advanced, their obligations were canceled. If they were able to meet their obligations, the sums repaid went into the revolving fund to aid and assist other worthy boys. He gave largely of his means to other institutions of learning. Religious and eleemosynary institu- tions were the object of his lavish bounty. His [7G] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY Working Girls Home in Chicago and the Sarah Hacket Stevenson Home for Girls in the same city lifted many burdens and shed rays of cheer, com- fort, and aid — a boon to many working mothers and girls. He did not seek the spotlight of publicity in his giving, but the accomplishment of real service to mankind in his gentle ministrations was his dominating thought. A believer in thrift, honesty, efficiency, and generosity to the needy and unfortunate, and adherence to that belief by precept and example, his life has enriched man- kind and added to the sum total of human happiness. [77] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES gfobregg fap &epre*entattoe Ifatea Of Illinois Mr. Speaker: There is a little poem that comes to us from our school days — Abou Ben Adhem (may his tribe increase!) Awoke one night from a deep dream of peace, And saw within the moonlight in his room, Making it rich and like a lily in bloom, An angel writing in a book of gold. Exceeding peace had made Ben Adhem bold; And to the presence in the room he said — " What writest thou? " The vision raised its head, And, with a look made of all sweet accord, Answered " The names of those who love the Lord." "And is mine one? " said Abou. " Nay, not so," Replied the angel. Abou spoke more low, But cheerily still; and said "I pray thee then Write me as one that loves his fellow men." The angel wrote and vanished. The next night It came again, with a great wakening light, And showed the names whom love of God had blessed, And lo! Ben Adhem's name led all the rest! who's WHO Yesterday I hurriedly turned the pages of a number of volumes of congressional memorial addresses, and, to my surprise, discovered that while, as a rule, there were 20 addresses concerning each deceased Member, there was not a biograph- ical summary or synopsis in any address. Consequently, I submit, as a part of my remarks, the following words, which must be authentic, as [78] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY they appear in the great publication known as Who's Who in America : Senator William Brown McKinley, born Petersburg, 111., September 5, 1856, son of George and Hannah (Finley) McKinley; student University of Illinois two years; mar- ried Kate Frisbee, of Chicago, February, 1881. Partner in banking and mortgage-loan business of J. B. & W. B. McKinley since 1877; building and operating public utilities since 1885. Member of Fifty-ninth to Sixty-second Congresses (1905-1913) and Sixty-fourth to Sixty-sixth Congresses (1915-1921), nineteenth Illinois district; United States Senator, term 1921-1927. Trustee of University of Illinois, 1902-1905. Republican. Clubs: Chevy Chase, Press, and Metropolitan (Washington, D. C.) ; Hamilton and Union League (Chicago). Home: Champaign, 111. I would, if I could, change that last item or word and say not " Home: Champaign, 111.," but " Home in the heart of countrymen." William Brown McKinley of course had many characteristics. And of course he excelled in some, indeed many, respects. Quiet solicitude for others; silent effort to constantly contribute to others' comfort and contentment — Was the answer a young lady gave me, who was a member of a party who were Senator McKinley's guests on a sea voyage to Panama a few years ago. The young lady happens to be my own daughter Dorothy. Many men knew a great deal about William B. McKinley. I, for one, know enough of him and his charac- ter and life to know that a mighty cloud of wit- nesses could testify to the things he did to justify [79] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES the confidence and devotion of citizens by the hundred thousand, of capitalists possessing untold millions of money, and by laborers who always respected and deferred to him. But I think I will always remember and recall his life as being a quiet constant effort to help others. His successful use of the " democracy of oppor- tunity" is not to be belittled nor is his life-long battle to be belittled whereby he earned the right to enter " the aristocracy of achievement." But his helpfulness to others is my theme in this brief hour. A brilliant writer has said that Chaucer describes things as they are, and Spenser as we would wish them to be, and Shakespeare as they would be under the conditions supposed, and Milton as they ought to be, and Byron as they ought not to be, and Shelley as they never can be. This is simply another way of saying that a great many different views can be held concerning one particular man; as many views, in fact, as there are different men. It so happens that the man in whose honor and memory we meet here to-day was a many-sided man. His life touched a great many different phases of American existence. He was a student, a store clerk, and a banker and a financier and a railroader and an owner and operator of gas plants and electric-light plants and electric-power plants and an interurban railroad with 500 miles of track in Illinois, and a $5,000,000 [80] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY bridge across the Mississippi River. In addition he for years was a trustee of the State University of Illinois, and a valuable friend of that institution. He was elected several times to that position, and later seven times to the House of Representatives and once to the Senate of the United States. He was loyal to his fraternities and the church, including many acts in support of such institutions as the Y. M. G. A. and the Red Cross. He was a man of accuracy. He knew what was needful for health and strength. He knew the calories he ought to consume. He knew the calories he did consume and he knew the calories you ought to consume. He was attentive to all duties, and equipped and quick for all calls upon his capacities. I remember upon one occasion he told of how Judge William Brown, of Jacksonville, Morgan County, 111., was his uncle, and it was from him he got his name, William Brown McKinley. It so happened that the William Brown was for many years a practicing lawyer and that during many of those years William Brown's partner was my father; so I knew the connection very well. Perhaps that was why I enjoyed being a member of the legal force of the Illinois Traction System, in other words the McKinley Interurban System, from 1905 to 1913 — eight years. In addition to his accuracy he was punctual. Notably so. He did not conceive it to be his duty to remain in attendance at all sessions of the House, but [81] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES whenever the Committee on Agriculture, of which he was a member, had its bills before the House, Mr. McKinley was in his place in the very heart of the committee on the floor. He was not addicted to either short or long speeches. He told me once that he had a conver- sation with Ambassador Bryce as the two were riding on a certain occasion from Chicago to Springfield. He said that Ambassador Bryce said: When I am talking to another man I allow him to do a part of the talking, for in that way I learn something, whereas if I did all the talking myself I would not learn. Mr. McKinley seemed always to be at leisure when in the House, and on campaigns talked to a great many men and women and always seemed to have plenty of time to do so. I have heard him say, " Why, I have nothing to do," when I knew that he had many and many a thing to do. He relied upon his office force to do a great many things, and his office organization was perfect. If he felt inclined to put in a whole half day with some new Member advising and suggesting things, he seemed to have had no difficulty in getting away from the office. Mr. McKinley was most modest. He would often stand back and call upon another to speak. I remember one night when there was a meeting of the battery at Bissen south of Ettelbruck which is south of Diekerch, Belgium (the battery was the Springfield (111.) battery and part of the Thirty- third Division of the A. E. F.), Mr. John H. Harri- [82] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY son, of Danville, 111., who with Hon. Martin B. Madden and Mr. McKinley and myself had been traveling together, was introduced to the boys by Mr. McKinley and spoke most briefly. I did the same and it left the situation such that Mr. McKinley had to speak at greater length than usual. It was a gem of a speech. It was not sad although it reminded the boys that for every one of them there was a service flag hanging in a window back in Illinois. It was patriotic and cordial and all together a lovely expression of a heart just full. He had intense emotions. On the next day I saw the tears standing in his eyes as the whole Thirty- third Division came down a drill ground 5 miles long. Thirty thousand men of Illinois passed before General Pershing and the Crown Prince of Belgium, and General Harbord and General Dawes and the Secretary of War and Congressman Madden, and McKinley's eyes were not the only ones wet when the seven regimental bands played the marching song Illinois. He loved young people and wanted to help and did help in a hundred ways. When his funeral occurred at Champaign stu- dents and young people came from every quarter to testify how he had helped them. I know that the verbal tributes of this hour will be scores in number, and that, on an appropriate day, a score of Senators will add their testimonies; so I will confine myself to emphasizing the fact that he " was one who loved his fellow men." [83] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES I, myself, can well recall, with interest and grati- tude, that during the six weeks from April 1 to May 10, 1919, in France and Belgium, it was an almost daily occurrence that McKinley would do some personal thing for me, which I was entirely capable of doing myself, just in order to contribute to my equipment or efficiency during those trying trips of 10 hours a day by Army automobile which a number of us Members took. For example, one rainy morning at 6, I found that certain things, particularly my travel checks, or American Express checks, were missing from my haversack, and I rushed rather frantically around Paris trying to locate a minister of the gospel who had helped me in my packing the night before. I went miles across the city, to the hotel of this minister, namely the Y. M. C. A., waked up him (and others), then rushed around to other points, all in vain, wrapped up for the day's 200 miles of travel, dashed up to our Army automobile at 8, only to find that McKinley also had been busy and been over half of Paris to locate my checks, which all the time were securely hiding in my haversack which I had carefully not unpacked at sunrise because my minister friend had too carefully packed it, money and all, the night before. In spite of all the effort, McKinley never scolded or criticized, was perfectly calm and said, " Oh, very well " — his favorite expression and conclusion. McKinley is substantially described in a few sentences which impressed me when I found them in the Congressional Record of February 13, 1921, [84] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY uttered by Congressman Collier, of Mississippi, concerning a colleague, namely: He was not one who sought the spotlight, and there was little of the spectacular about him. He seemed to care little for the " hilarious applause of men," but by the dignity of his manner, the earnestness of his every under- taking, and the rectitude of his conduct, he ever strove, by all his acts, to gain their sound, sober approval. His fearless nature, his independent spirit, his innate modesty, his rugged honesty, and his splendid judgment and keen insight were recog- nized by all who knew him. CONCLUSION Under the headline "A Man Passes," the Decatur Herald said: The thoughts of thousands of his friends were not of the politician, the railroad builder, or the financier, but of the little man himself, who had the simplest tastes, loved home folk, and liked to give away his money. Death, when it came, found a man who had enjoyed most of the good things of life, and had enjoyed them in vol- untary moderation, one who had received many honors and bore them modestly, one who fought hard and never carried a grudge for long, one who had been flattered, feted, and praised, and was shrewd enough to distinguish between those who lauded him for what he had done, and those who loved him for what he was. [85] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES gubreag bp &epre#entattoe £s>abatfj Of Illinois Mr. Speaker: We are here to-day to pay tribute to the memory of a man who was not only an outstanding statesman but America's foremost humanitarian. I believe, Mr. Speaker, that there are only a few Members in the House who have served with him for a longer number of years than I have. When I entered the House, 20 years ago, it was generally recognized throughout the country that the State of Illinois had the strongest and most influential delegation in the House. Joseph G. Cannon, whom we laid at eternal rest a short time ago, was the Speaker; James R. Mann was the actual floor leader; there were Boutel, Caldwell, former Governor Lowden, Henry T. Rainey, and Martin B. Madden, who are still rendering our State and Nation a great service, and the two colleagues whose memory we have assembled here to-day to pay tribute to were the outstanding Members representing at that time the State of Illinois in this House. I am indeed pleased that I have had the oppor- tunity from the very beginning of my service to have met and become acquainted with William B. McKlnley, who later on was honored by the people of Illinois, and who served his State with credit and distinction in the upper legislative branch. I am indeed gratified that my intercourse with him [86] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY did not cease after he became a Member of the Senate, as he continued to serve as chairman of the Interparliamentary Union, of which organiza- tion I was the treasurer — and a member of the executive committee — and in that way came fre- quently in contact with him. As time progressed my admiration for him gradually increased as I found him to be one of the kindest, noblest, and most patriotic humanitarians, not only in the Capitol but I believe in the Nation. He was one of the most modest, sweetest, and retiring charac- ters I have ever known. I recall about 14 years ago, I believe it was in 1912, when the great advocate of universal peace, Count Lutzo, visited America. Being familiar with the underlying motives of his visit and being desirous to bring home to the Congress and the American people the principles that he advocated, I endeavored to secure unanimous consent that he might address the House on the subject of universal peace. This privilege has not been accorded in the past but to two foreigners. They were representatives of their governments; but Count Lutzo was opposed by his government and was here merely as an individual invited by some universities to deliver lectures on that noble and vital question. The principle that he advocated was not generally known or under- stood in America. But he and the present President of the Czechoslovak Republic had foreseen the threatening clouds that they felt might engulf the world and were endeavoring to impress America as to that approaching danger. Realizing that danger, I refused to desist in bringing before the [87] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES American people the views that were entertained by these students, historians, and philosophers, and therefore continued my efforts to secure the privi- lege for Count Lutzo to address this House. I canvassed the situation and found more or less opposition to the granting of this high privilege to this advocate of universal peace. When I explained the situation to that peace- loving man, Senator McKinley, he immediately became interested and worked incessantly until he eliminated every objection from every source and made it possible that unanimous consent be granted. From that time on I have closely followed his activities and at all times found him ever ready and ever willing to aid the cause of humanity, working for peace and harmony among the people and the nations of the world. Not only is he mourned by the people of his district, his State, and our country, but by the representatives of every parliament in all the enlightened nations. His activities as chairman of the Interparlia- mentary Union have been fully explained by the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. Burton], the gentleman from Virginia [Mr. Montague], and others. Therefore I shall only give brief outline of the Interparliamentary Union's aim. The Interparliamentary Union has for its aims the uniting in common action the members of all parliaments constituted in national groups in order to bring about the acceptance in their respective countries, either by legislation or by international treaties, of the principle that differences between [88] WILLIAM B. Mc KIN LEY nations should be settled by arbitration or in other ways either amicable or judicial. It likewise has for its aim the study of other questions of inter- national law and in general of all problems relating to the development of peaceful relations between nations. I am indeed grateful that I have been placed in a position where I could be associated with him in this splendid work which he has carried on against great odds for many, many j^ears. In William B. McKinley the State, the Nation, and the world lost a sincere advocate of peace. Peace was nearest and dearest to his noble heart. PEACE And they shall beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruning hooks. Nation shall not lift up sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any more. (Isaiah, ii, 4.) [89] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES gfobregg bp &epre£entatibe &atpone Of Illinois Mr. Speaker: I rise to pay my tribute to the memory of a distinguished son of Illinois whom I was privileged to call friend, Senator William B. McKinley. He was a worthy son of our great State. Sprung from her soil, closely identified with her life by his ancestry, we are proud to claim him as our own, and we feel that in his career he exemplified the highest traditions of public service and the finest spirit of the people of our Commonwealth. But he was something more than a representa- tive of a single State. He belonged to the Nation. For many years he served in the House of Bepre- sentatives and later in the Senate of the United States with entire devotion to the best interests of all the people and left behind him in his public services a legacy which a grateful Nation will not forget. Senator McKinley was not a brilliant orator swaying multitudes or captivating Senates. He was a business man in politics, sagacious, steady, and stanch. It takes various types of men to make a rounded legislative body, and McKinley contributed much to the work of Congress by his sage counsel and business efficiency. He was of the substantial type of man, solid, enduring, reliable in all things. [90] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY There was a certain Scotch bluntness about the man. He never hedged or dodged, much less did he pretend a friendship or a feeling that was not genuine. He spoke the truth and gave expression to his honest thought, or he was silent. Sincerity was one of his distinguishing traits. Loyalty was another. He was a party man and he felt most strongly the obligation of party regu- larity. Fealty to his party was deeply ingrained in his nature, so as to have become almost a religious conviction. But not only was he faithful to his party, he was supremely loyal to his friends. He seemed to grapple them to his soul with hooks of steel. His friends recognized and appreciated this trait of his character. For this reason he had a great host of sustaining friends, who believed in him, trusted him, and loved him. His friendships, like ivy, were the growth of years. He proved by his life the truth of Emerson's word — To have a friend you must first be one. He combined a cool head with a warm heart There was never a trace of arrogance about him. In the moment of triumph, in the flush of victory, he was always modesty itself. He did good almost blushingly. His acts of benevolence were per- formed in silence, with a certain shyness, which evinced more clearly than words that the benefits he bestowed were for the love of the doing and not for any expectation of reward. His friends were not bought, but were won, and so his memory will 44021—27 7 [91] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES always be cherished and the multitude of those who love him living will not cease to love him dead. He was one of the most genial of companions, one of the most delightful of hosts. No detail that could contribute to the comfort and happiness of his guests was ever overlooked by him. They were warmed and cheered not only by the fireside of his home but at the fireside of his heart. Instinc- tively everyone felt that here was a man who enjoyed being a host and who wanted everyone to enjoy being a guest. He was the finest type of the successful American business man whose nature was never spoiled, or even impaired, by his fortune. Wealth in his esti- mation was chiefly to be valued for the opportunity it afforded its possessor of doing good. The genuine obligations of wealth were never more clearly recognized by any man than by him. He held his fortune as a trust, as it were, for the benefit and the blessing of his fellow men. How many a struggling church or college, how many a person in distress, how many of the young at the outset of their careers, when a little money meant a start that might lead to success, have him to thank for his generous and timely aid. His beneficences were part of his very self. He scattered blessings along the pathway of life. He donated a fortune, acquired by his industry and sagacity. But, more than that, his generosity was not that of money only, for he gave himself. His manner was never effusive, but he was by nature one of the kindliest of men. A cold- [92] william b. Mckinley blooded McKinley would have been no McKinley at all. He took as much pains to conceal his acts of kindness and generosity as many other men do to herald them abroad. He seemed to feel that little acts of benevolence were well-nigh as important as great gifts, for after all we are apt to find that such are — Perhaps the best part of a good man's life, The little nameless, unremembered acts Of kindness and of love. He never sought to rise on the ruins of others. In his political contests there was no trace of vindictiveness. In the midst of the conflict, in victory, as in defeat, he was always without malice. This kindliness of nature was all the more beau- tiful because there was a granite wall behind. He had firmness without obstinacy. His interest in humanity found ever larger scope and expression as the years went by. His outlook broadened and his sympathy for humanity became as wide as the world. Hence his deep interest in the Interparliamentary Union, of which organiza- tion he became the head. No doubt he felt that in this body of representative men and women there was a force at work for closer cooperation among nations and the assurance of peace for the world. Unquestionably, he cherished the hope that this organization would hasten the day of which the poet dreamed — When the war drums throb no longer and the battle flags are furled In the parliament of man, the federation of the world. [93] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES His life came to its close abruptly, amid the gloom of defeat, in the torture of the body, and the blighted hopes of the soul, and so the tragedy of his death has added a touch of sympathy to the affection felt for him by the host of friends who mourn his loss. And now we pay our final tribute above his grave. Able statesman, true American, dear old friend, we take our sad and proud farewell. Mr. William E. Hull assumed the chair. [94] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY 3bbre*£ by &epre*entatibe Written Of Illinois Mr. Speaker and Gentlemen of the House: During 14 years of Washington political life it has been my very good fortune to know and to under- stand Senator McKinley as few men on Capitol Hill have, and our association during that time has been so varied that it was possible for me to see almost every side of the character of this plain, kindly man who has so unostentatiously labored for his fellow men. The great financial and political success of Senator McKinley never in the slightest degree changed his character, his homely ways, or his sympathetic interest in the little things which make life so dear to all of us. No so-called "little" favor or courtesy was too small to attract the Senator's personal charge, nor did he ever hesitate to take personal heed and real pleasure in seeing that the little things were well done. Some years ago, when the Senator headed the American group of the Interparliamentary Union to the Interparliamentary Conference at Stock- holm, Sweden, I distinctly recall that it was he who personally looked after railroad tickets, hotel accommodations, sight-seeing comforts, as well as the individual pleasures of our entire delegation, rather than taking the slightest chance of some- thing going wrong, to the displeasure of some one in our group. The Senator was the first to arise [95] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES in the morning and usually the last to retire at night. He watched over his little party as a kindly mother would care for her children, and this was the Senator's natural and constant character. He was so lovable, so kindly, so self-sacrificing, and with it all so modest that few people really appreciated his actual accomplishments. Senator McKinley had a personal acquaintance with more world statesmen and politicians than any other man or woman in the United States, and his personal direction of the American group of the Interparliamentary Union for many years past, as its president, has done much for a better understanding among the parliamentarians of the world. His passing out of this life leaves a vacancy in the Interparliamentary Union which will be very, very hard to fill. Senator McKinley was not an orator, nor was he what is ordinarily called a statesman, yet many men of both of these types of national figures called upon him for advice and counsel. His judgment was regarded as sound, and he was an invaluable Member of the House of Representatives and of the Senate of the United States. The passing away of Senator McKinley is a distinct loss to the State of Illinois as well as to the Union. He was a national character in the very finest and highest sense. Mr. Britten resumed the chair. [96] WILLIAM B. McKINLEY Sfobreft* by &enre£entattue JHcHeoton Of Oklahoma Mr. Speaker: When the delegation from Okla- homa, like the delegation from Illinois to-day, was paying tribute to one of our colleagues who had passed on, we were pleasantly surprised at the entrance into the Hall of Hon. William B. McKin- ley, of Illinois. We asked him if he wished to say a word about our deceased colleague. He pro- ceeded to pay him a tribute. We had never known him very closely, but the gratitude of Oklahoma went out to that great man of Illinois. So I am pleased at this moment to have this opportunity in turn to pay a tribute to the character and worth of Senator William B. McKinley. Since listening to these tributes to his character I am convinced that God gave him to Illinois and to the country as a living example of what men who are fortunate in the accumulation of great wealth should do with that wealth. I believe from what has been said that when the black camel knelt at his tent to carry him across the Divide, he believed as I believe that not by what we do here, but that through the death of Jesus, who to me has come and to some is to come, shall we enter into that life above. I agree with the gentleman from Ohio, Senator Burton — I do not believe that here is the last of a man nor the last of his efforts or his work. [97] MEMORIAL ADDRESSES The Speaker pro tempore. In accordance with the resolution heretofore adopted, the House will stand adjourned. Accordingly (at 1 o'clock and 15 minutes, p. m.) the House adjourned until to-morrow, Monday, February 7, 1927, at 12 o'clock noon. Monday, February 28, 1927. A message from the Senate, by Mr. Craven, its principal clerk, announced that the Senate had passed the following resolutions : Resolved, That the Senate has heard with profound sorrow of the death of Hon. William B. McKinley, late a Senator from the State of Illinois. Resolved, That as a mark of respect to the memory of the deceased the business of the Senate be now sus- pended to enable his associates to pay tribute to his high character and distinguished public services. Resolved, That the Secretary communicate these resolutions to the House of Representatives and trans- mit a copy thereof to the family of the deceased. Resolved, That as a further mark of respect to the memory of the deceased the Senate do now adjourn. it