iilliiiiiiiill L I E) R.AFLY OF THL UN IVER.SITY or ILLl NOIS 016.7114 C73e no. 1-20 ciTv PLAiJNiNii A;;n LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2010 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign http://www.archive.org/details/planningclassifi09ande Clio Committee of Planning Librarians EXCHANGE BIBLIOGIL'IPHY Local Planning Office list no. 1 University of California list no. 5 Jfey 1959 D PLACING CLASSIFICATIONS, STJBJECT HEADINGS AND DEFINITIONS: AN ANITOTATED LIST CONTENTS I. General Classifications with Some Provision for Planning Materials . II. Planning and Housing Classifications vrilth Special Viewpoints A. Social Science Emphasis B. Design and Construction Emphasis III. Classifications Primarily for Planning Materials. A. Developed for University Collections. B. Developed for Federal and State Agencies. C. Developed for Jftinicipal and County Agencies. IV. Classifications Primarily for Housing Materials. V. Subject Headings VI. Planning and Housing Definitions. VII. Author Index INTRODUCTION This compilation brings together a selected list of classi- fication systems and other information for libraries of planning and housing literature. Some of these classifications v^ere developed primarily for university branch libraries serving teach- ing and research departments of urban studies and planning; others have been developed primarily to serve municipal and state offices of planning or agencies responsible for housing and renewal poli- cies at the federal level. The bibliography is intended for the librarian with exoerience in planning literatiire, but it may prove useful to the planning director faced with problems of library arrangement. If nothing else, this bibliography will reveal that there is no one best way in information documentation and retrie- val; that develoDing the particular system to fit the particular need ought to be" undert^en only vdth the advice of~C"ompetent professional personnel familiar vdth "systems" as well as vdth the subject fields; in short, that this is a complicated business. On the other side of the coin, any well ershceived system -vvith a sensitivity to c oncepts will work in practice even if not perfect 'Ln "HDVJ -OXz. dnxJl'XEl' '■ilr.coO rif.; ;;(:inrTSl'f r.- i r.oxox/'n'; ;>;T;nS dc|-ir? en?>x;i i-trxcovv-'iV Irf'^-.-ji"", d^^bT :jao.iri£.yj.'::^.?.BlD ^n :. -,^..:Xl .II io1. •^■.- iri-oxlise^ro .III •y'iiWT/'j*! 2noxii?o21lBas.rn .71 •Kao.-ir«I •'r.Cxrrinor) cic'T CPL Exchange Bibliography 9 and not entirely logical in structure — when it is flexible enough to permit modification. ^%ile no attempt has.b&en made to rate one system over another, some systems have been in use over a long period of time and, vdth minor changes, have proven themselves "under fire." In Part III, this is particularly true of item numbers 9, 11 and 21, while item numbers 8 and 23 have been adopted more recently by a number of planning agencies. Among newer schemes, numbers 7 and 10 (with completion of a subject index) promise to be effective in solving the documentation-retrieval problem. Item number 7, T^hich does not belong in this list since it is not a conventional library system but lends itself to machine manipulation, may be particularly- attractive to research collections. The compilers realize that this bibliography is inconplete and " welcome information about other systems now in use as well as criti- cism of schemes listed. The Committee of Planning librarians hopes to compile a manual on agency library practice, one part of which may be recommendations for two or three "best" systems adaptable _ to small office practice and research collections. In the meantime, this bibliography may serve as an interim guide to a number of existing systems. A number of these schemes are out of print and may be diffi- cult to obtain. A few may bo borrowed directly from tna SLA Loan Collection, School of Library Science, VTestern Reserve University, Cleveland 6, Ohio (indicated by the sjmibol, "s-la", following the citation). •■■• Others maybe borrowed for short-term loan (three weeks) from the Local planning Office Library, Department of Finance, State Capitol, Sacramento 14 (indicated by the symbol, _ "Ipol"), or from the City and Regional Plannin?: Library, University of California, Berkeley 4 (indicated by the symbol, "crpl'_'). A _ few are available directly from the author and are so indicated m the list. The compilers msh to acknowledTc the invaluable assistance of the following librarians in reviewing the original draft; J/!iss Dorothy Wells, Bureau of Governmental Research, U.C.L.A.; Miss_ Lucille Caldwell, philadelohia City Planning; Commission; Miss Ji-lsa Freeman, Housinp- and Home Finance Agency; Miss Katherine M=Namara, Library of the Graduate School of Design, Harvard; Miss Caroline Shillaber, nrthur Rotch Library, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; lltrs, Mary Vance, City Planning and landscape Architec- ture library. University of Illinois: Mrs. Lucile Keck, Joint Reference Library, Chicago: and Tfr. Gerard McCabe, Community Development and Service Library, Mchigan State University. •^'Many of these schemes, as well as many others in related fields such as highv/ay engineering, building, public administration, etc., are listed in the fourth edition, SLA Loan Colloction of Classification Schemes and Subjec t Heading Lists, compiiea b^ Bertha R, barden and BarBSira D&rtison, av-iilaoxe from the Special Libraries Association, 51 E. 10th. St., New York 3, (56 pp., 12.50). 2. V't.- ^40x3 j-ro ■ ' r.~-:---.r '- ^\- —i-v— -r -r-f-.-' r.^■ .-■: B <■• f..n 'ft >; iM^Xi CPL Exchange Bibliography 9 I. GENERAL CLASSIFICATIONS ^VITH SOME PROVISION FOR PUNNING MATERIALS (1) Devrey, Melville, DEWEY DECB'AL CLASSIFICATION AND REIATIVE INDEX. 16th. edition. Lake Placid. N.Y., Forest Press, CC.19S8]. Z vols. 1,439 pp. |30,00. Available for consultation in most public libraries. This is the most widely used book classification system in the United States and also adopted in many foreign countries. City planning is included inthe yOO's, "Fine Arts," A planning library would find it necessary to expand the schedules with considerably more detail than xs presently given in the new edition. For an example of such an expansion, see the North Carolina system (no. 8). (2) U.S. Library of Congress. CLASSIFICATION. Washington, D.C. Many parts and editions. Variously priced, available from the Superintendent of Docioments, Washington 25, D.C, who will be glad to furnish prices upon request. As the U.S. National Resources Committee reference guide (no. 30) reveals, the subject of urbanism, and even planning m its broader aspects, is treated under a number of different classes in the Library of Congress schedules. The most basic class is "N, Fine Arts," particularly the NAQOOO's, reflecting, of course, the "city beautiful" move- ment in planning which coincided roughly with the original development of this class. Other major classes of interest to the planner are: C Auxiliary sciences of history D History and topocrraphy (except America; E History and topograohy (America) - U.S. p II II '^^ n - ^11 G Geography and anthropology H Social sciences (economics and sociology) J Political science L Education Q Science S Apriculture (plant and animal industry) T Technology (including engineering, road construction, etc.) Though not really adequate for a strictly planning library, and certainly not for a small library, when used together with the Harvard systems (nos. 9 and 11), or modified locally at institutions applying L.C. (as at the University of California), the schedules perform their function successfully. II. PUNNING A!JD HOUSING CMSSIFICATIONS min SPECI/.L VIF'TOINTS A. Social Science Emphasis (3) Glidden, Sophia Hall and Dorothy Marcus. A LIBR.\RY CLISSIFI- CATION FOR PUBLIC ADMIN ISTR^iTlON M\TERIALS. Chicago, Public Administration Service and American Library Associa- tion, 1942. 512 pp. Out of print. - ("sla) An excellent classification for public administration libraries with a section for planning. ^^ most valuable feature is the "Subject Index" (pp. 184-512), one of the r:::.-'. ■ '■■: ■■ r ■t f "i .on^ . iOjini- i-O yiiJ ■ '.i U' I'UOi' ■.:■ OKTr^l'OH G!?(' :)v!l>!i'!.'i'r .II itoQ. l-r CPL Exchange Bibliography 9 few subject heading lists available in printed form and applicable to a planning collection, although there would have to be revision and addition of headings for more technical concepts in planning. Planning per se is placed in "J" under the follo?ang major headings s Technical Procedure Resources Planning National Planning Regional Planning State Planning County Planning City Planning (Metropolitan Planning) City Planning Agencies Cities and Towns Pattern of City Growth. Evolution of the City. Architectural Control Neighborhood Planning Municipal Iraproveraents land Subdivision Zoning Notation is decimal in arrangement compared to the North Carolina system (no, 8) which is consecutive. Geographic Subdivision is provided. This classification was developed for the Joint Reference Library, a collection servicing the several agencies, including the American Society of Planning Officials, housed together at 1313 E. 60th, Street, Chicago. It is also used by the Tennessee State Planning Commission with reasonable success. (4) U.S. National Housing Agency, Federal Public Housing Authority. Administrative Services Division. library, CL/ISSIFICATION SCHEfffi FOR HOUSING AND PI/iNNING LITERx.TlftlE, SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS. T^^ashington, D,C., March, 1946. 21 pp. tables, (sla) Uses running numbers from 1 to 9999, intended for inser- tion in the library of Congress classification, class H« Contains geographical tables and index. B, Design and Construction Emphasis (5) International Building Classification Committee. ABC ABRIDGED BUILDING CLASSIFICATION FOR ARCHITECTS, BUILDERS, CIVIL- ENGINEERS: A SELECTION FROM THE UNIVERSAL DECIMAL CUSSIFI- CATION. 2nd. edition. Published by the Section Documenta- tion of the International Council for Building Research. Studios and Documentation, Rotterdam, Bouwcentrum, 1955. 70 pp. (FID Publication no. 261) (crpl) This abridgement is a selection of numbers in architectiire and building from the Universal Decimal Classification, originally developed from the Dewey system (no. 1) and under continuous review since 189t>. It is a number scheme with almost infinite expansion possibilities. As in Dewey, all knowledge is classified in ten main groups, of which "71" is "Physical Planning," •tjniwc. ! 1.1'' i' - -I iLli) ,qq ■■■ CPL Exchange Bibliography 9 Tae United Kingdom Ministry of Works libraries and the ribrary of the Housin^^ and Home Finance Agency, Office of tio Administrator, Washington, D.C.. use an earlier classification scheme on vrhicn the 1955 edition is based (■'Abridged Schedule of UDC Numbers" developed by the a-itish and published in 1949). At the Housing and Home Finance Agency Library, new numbers, vihen possible, are taken from the 1955 edition. Where the UDC is inadequate the Dewey Decimal Classifica- tion (no, 1) is adapted. H.H.F.A.'s comment on the UDC building classifications is that construction is too heavily emphasized; also, call numbers, with the geographic designation in brackets, are often cumbersomo ' — for example, "Housing for the Aged - Philadelphia" - 728.1:362. 6(74811; P34. On the whole, hovrever, H.H.F.A. is pleased with the system. In this library subjects stressed have now shifted from the technical and building to the economic and planning; the classification schemes have been successfully adapted and expanded to fit these changed needs. The Housing and Home Finance Ai^enoy library hopes to have available in the future its complete subject classifi- cation schedule and its list of subject headings, including scope notes and definitions. (6) Lonberg-Holm, K., and C. Theodore larson. DEVELOPMENT INDEX. Ann Arbor, Men,, Ifrdvcrsity of Michigan Press, 1953, 1 v. (unpaged), (crpl) The sub-title to this index suggests the authors • theoretical approach: "A proposed pattern for organizing and facilitating the flow of information needed by man in furthering his own development, vd.th particular reference to the development of buildings and communities and other forms of environmental control," The preface states: "Holm and larson have placed the huge and shapeless form of building knovrledge before an X-ray so penetrating that every bone and fiber come to viev/. They have boldly broadened the focus to catch the outer limits of the science where it merges into the cosmos of all human development. The picture they have printed proves there is a skeleton, a true framework that has so far escaped definition. They have proceeded to name the parts and show their logical order. They consider their work to be exploratory. Their purpose in publishing... at this time as a research study progress report is to inspire others to join them in occupying and colonizing a new frontier of discovery. As a pattern for the organization of knowledge in general, the index should be helpful in bringing together, in operation- al unity, the work of specialists in various fields of activity." In its present form, this system is not intended for application in a library, but as a palliative to the narrow conceptions of the organization of planning know- ledge which some of the planning classifications seem to embrace, it is stimulating to examine a scheme in which a specific subject (building industry) is related to all of knowledge. Compare this theoretical system with the UDC scheme (no, 5) and its practical applications. 5, oxn^o . • i iBo.t! ar.^'v. ni .a .£^r* s»*« CPL Exchange Bibliography 9 III. CLASSIFICATIONS PRIMRIIY FOR PUNNING MATERIALS A. Developed for IMivcrsity Collections (7) Michigan State University. Institute for Corimunity Development and Services. Library. cLIST OF UNITERliS] . December, 1958. 8 p. Also typeTvritten memos describing Uniterm Indexing System as developed at Michigan State Tfriiversity. Further information available from the librarian, Gerald B. McCabc. The Institute for Community Develot^ment and Services was established at Michigan State to ^'make possible the further mobilization and focusing of University resources, and other public andjprivate resources, upon the problems of the communities ormchigan." Shortly after its founda- tion, a research library was established vd-th compilation of bibliographies, reference service to the University, community, and creation of a pamphlet collection as major functions. With a minimum of space available and with elimination of a book collection (the main library to be responsible for this) it v/as necessary for the Institute library to find a simple and efficient method of storage and retrieval for its'pamphlet collection. The Uniterm System of Coordinate Indexing, as developed by Mortimer Taube and associates, was selected by the librarian. Very briefly, this- system is dependent upon "uniterms," or single word suoject headings, vhicn are, in effect, a "vocabulary" for the field or fields being indexed. Each term is placed on a single card, which is divided into ten columns and numbered across the top from "0" to "9". In place of conventional cataloging, each pamphlet is assigned an accession number and vfhatever uniterms are necessary to describe its contents. The number for this pamphlet is "posted" — that is, typed or stamped — on each appropriate Uniterm card in the proper column, the last digit of the accession number dotorraning column placement. Retrieval of information is Accomplished by pullint: two orm'ore unitarm cards and scanning the columns for niimbers held in common. The virtue of the system is the elimination of an expensive card catalog and the use of a pre-determined list of subject headings. It also eliminates any need for a classification scheme. Pamphlets are simply s helved in numberical order. Simplicity appears to be another important feature. The Institute librarian, in a letter to the compilers, has this to say about the possible elimination of the profes- sional's operating time: It is now anticipated that my secretary may take over, as she becomes more proficient, the entire operation with the exception of material selection. This is the feature, I think, that makes Uniterms attractive for small collections or small offices. A professional's time (librarian's or planner's) needn't be taken up with it. A good secretary, who would undoubtedly realize the concern's information needs, could take care of a collection v/ith relative ease and a minimum of time. The Uniterm System of Coordinate Indexing is efficient in a research collection to about 10,000 items; beyond this, 6. 7.:'- rri- j;j ^.0>YJ.;Ji-! B "J. t e-T' CPL Exchange Bibliography 9 various mechanical methods must be instituted, such as the Batten "Peek-a-Boo" scheme, further developed in this country by the Office of Basic Instrumentation, U.S. National Bureau of Standards. Coordinate indexing is still a subject of debate in professional documentation circles. The literature is extensive, and certainly no one considering this system should do so without first examining the pro and con arg^aments. Below are a few references for further study: Documentation, Inc. The Uniterm System of Indexing , Operating Manual. 2 521 C6Hh0ctiCUt A\rfe., N.Wr ; WashlngtSn, B.C. 1955. $10,00, Basic desription of system. Taube, Mortimer. Information St orage and Retrieval . New York, Columm:a Uhiversity Pi'SSs, 5-955. (Studies in Library Science, no. 10) 4l>6,00 Taube, Mortimer, and Associates. Studies in Coor dinate I ndexing . 4 vols., Iy55 - 1957, Available from Docmnentation, Inc. Contain reprints from American Dociamentation. Perry, James W,, Allen Kent, and Madeline Berry. Machine literature Searching. New York, Intersclerics, 1956. — 162 pp.' An excellent, annotated bibliography, pp. 135-147, American Documentation, quarterly journal, published — by American Documentation Institute in cooperation with the School of Library Science, Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio. $6,50 a year (8) North Carolina, liriiversity. Department of City and Regional Planning, CITY AND REGIONAL PLANNING LIBRARY. Chapel Hill, revised May, 1957. 1 v (various paging). Multilith, (sla) Section It Book Classification System. Section II: Periodicals Received, Section III: Pamphlet Finding Index and Classification System, Section I is an expansion of the Dewey decimal 711 section. Section III is a symbol classification for all the specific subjects planners heed. Many numbers are not used, leaving room for almost infinite expansion. Notation is mixed (that is, both letters and humbcrs are used). Further subject breakdown is provided by using mimbers after the decimal point; thus, "H45,05" is "Neighborhood unit theory". The basic outline is: A General References F planning in Foreign Countries H Comprehensive Planning 5 National 10 Regional 15 State (and Territories) 20 County 25 Rural 30 Metropolitan 35 Itunicipal 40 planned Communities 45 "eisrhborhood 48 Urban Renewal 7. Xii .!• .ji Xp si I noi.to&8 oB ,ii (b) t CPL Exchange Bibliography 9 K Partial Planning 5 Geography 8 Mapping and Aerial Photography 10 Physical Conditions 15 Natural Resources 20 Population , ^ , 30 Economic and Industrial Developraent 35 . land use 40 Transportation . n j. ■, 45 Municipal Services and Nuisance Control 50 Education 55 Recreation „ . , „ 60 Buildings and Facilities for Special Uses 65 Housing L land Economics N Planning Legislation and Administration 5 National (and Regional) 10 State 15 Local 20 Intergovernmental R Educational Jfeterials T Citizens ' Organizations and Participation An essential part of this classification is the thorough index, arranged alphabetically, with reference to the particular code under which tnis subject is filed. As used at North Carolina this index provides virtually the only subject approach to the materials in the vertical files, as the card catalog is lindted to author, occasional t itle, and geographic cards. The North Carolina system has been adopted by planning departments in the cities of Albuquerque, N,M., and San Leandro, Calif . (9) Pray, James Sturgis, and Theodora Kimball. CITY PLANNING, A COl!?PREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF THE SUBJECT ARRANGED FOR THE CUS3IFICATI0N OF BOOKS, PLAINS, PHOTOGPjiPHS, NOTES, AND OTHER COLLECTED }M.TERIkL, WTH ALPH/iBETIC SUBJECT INDEX. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Press, 1913. 103 pp. ( sla) A comprehensive and very detailed classification scheme ■ "developed in accordance with the principles of, and capable of insertion in, the Library of Congress classification" (no, 2). The latter feature makes it particularly valuable for large university collections which have adopted the L,C» system and expect to accumulate an historical picture of city planning. The index to the schedules is really a subject heading list, though, of course, much out of date. Following a break-down for general materials, very similar to the Library of Congress approach, there are four headings introductory in nature; City planning movement legislation. Laws and court decisions Methods of technical procedure Study and teaching These are followed by four major headings broken down as follows : Composition of city plans. Planning, Replanning . Theory and principles of design Fundamental data. Civic surveys Zoning: Subdivision of city area into functional districts. Platting: Subdivision of city area into streets and lots. ;1 S •1 iir,-rv+?.ini 1 p rfi » .•^ 1 1 r^. 't r~\ »^r* n T^ *v J CPL Exchange Bibliography 9 Elements of city plans Channels of transportation Blocks and lots. land subdivision. Structures. Buildings . Public open spaces (other than traffic) Vegetation, City planting. Types of city plans. General. ,^rpes distinguished by doninant function, •types distinguished by size. Regional, rural, and national planning. Regional planning, ural planning State planning National planning. The latter section has been further expanded by the Comey schedules published in 1937 (no. 11). Geographic subdivision is provided by using the library of Congress tables. Developed during the "city beautiful" novement this classi- fication reflects planning 's preoccupation with that concent but even so it is ? till a very excellent scheme and could be modified for reflection of more current planning theory and practice . B. Developed for Federal and State Agencies (10) California, Department of Finance. local Planning Office, Library. rcLlSSIFICATION AND SUBJECT INDEXD. Sacramento, Calif, no date. 1 v. (unpaged). Not yet available for distribution, T/iTrite to agency for ftirther information. A classification created by a librarian specifically for the Local planning Office after considerable research and an atteapt to become familiar with concepts in the planning field. Ultimately, v^-hen the scheme has been Berfected in use and an index added (as in the North arolina system, no, 8), this classification will be published and made available to planning offices and others. It is a decimal scheme, capable of infinite expansion. A summary follows; PLANlv^ING. The planning process COS Planning profession 003 Planning education etc, 01 Planning - Adriinistration 04 Planning - Legislation etc. ENVIROMENT OF PLANNING 10 Public administration 11 Local government 114 Metropolitan government etc. ELEIIENTS OF PDINS 30 Econo'jiics 31 Industry 3S Population 53 Natural resources 9, ■i.ii.V'-. -tZ^rlr .:: :..yir,'.y' liiM '10' i\^£u-'ia'-Tzx.i f,<^c[\' ox J OSIQ -ioiv.^^A -.li.*' ')3^ ti/i .oni 10 :^^l^ ^ry;,- (Cf) ';^.rl ■jr; -;n;,---lT • itv-'x.'''?^ f i"'iv'''A — !;• CPL Exchange Bibliography 34 Land 341 Physiography 342 Soil 343 Ir^ind use 35 land use, urban Types of urban land. Districts and areas. 363 Central business districts 367 Industrial districts 369 C^en spaces 39 Real property 4 COM/IUNITY FACILITIES 5 CONSTRUCTION 510 Public buildings 52 Housing 6 T.R.INS-'ORTATION 65 Traffic 66 Railroad transportation 67 Aviation etc. PLAMNBIG OF SPECIFIC ARE/^S Planning by area 81 Regional planning 83 Metropolitan planning etc. 9 PLANNING - EFFECTUATION 92 Capital improvement programs 93 Subdivision control 94 Urban renev/al 96 Zoning etc. This classification has been criticized by librarians as being difficult to administer because of its detail, but probably also because, to date, it has not been indexed. As noted above, an index is being developed and will include cross references and notes under subjects of cross- references made to that subject. At certain places within the system, it is possible to expand a subject by types by usinT other numbers from the classification. For example, under "zoning, 96" the following types may occur: Zqning, industrial 96,31 Zoning, commercial 96,363 Zoning, agricultural 96,343 ;2 Zoning, airport 96,671 This example shows the possibilities for expansion within this scheme: in addition, many numbers have been left open for addition of new concepts. The following process-forms are used, follo-v\ring any number where logical; 00 Site planning 05 Finance 01 /idministration 08 Research 02 Regulation. Control. 081 Research methods 03 Standards. T^ofessional 0813 Survey methods criteria. 0814 statistical methods 04 Legislation, law. 089 Study and teaching 10, X-lq;-TT. .?.:J •^■I't .f:foii; Laf. a^ox cfj-' ^aiTI. ffoxif ::^nj:: f ■ i- .' ^r ■ '■" rn.jf.di'c .u i'.lj. j;li». : lisoor "J Ak CPL Exchange Bibliography 9 In addition, the following type-foms are used, following any number where logical; a Master plans k Surveys. Need surveys. b Bibliography m Maps d Design s Statistics f Birectories t Terninology. Dictionaries h Manuals. Handbooks, etc. (11) Comey, Arthur C, and Katherine McNamara. STATE AND NATIONAL PL\NNIl\IGi AN ANALYSIS OF THE SUBJECT ARR'lNGED WITH PARTICULAR RE.FERENCE TO THE CL/iSSIFICATION OF LIBRARY f>{/iTERL\L; V^ITH ALi=HABETIC SUBJECT INDEX. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard I^iversity Press, 1937. 22 pp. ( sla) This is an adaptation of part of the complete Harvard system (no, 9) "so arranged that it may be used as the main scheme in a state planning board library where the material to be filed is preDonderantly on the planning of larrpr areas." If used together with no. 9 and the labrary of (Jongress classification schedules, one has a very _ comprehensive system for the filing of planning material, although the terms used and some of the relationships are not up-to-date. The index, one of the best, is really a subject heading list and mtn minor changes for contemporary practice, would serve quite satisfactorily. (12) Maryland. State Planning Commission. THE CLASSIFICATION PLA]\' FOR THE LIBRARY OF THE MARYLAND STATE PLANNING COM. Baltimore, January, 1956. 1 v. (unpaged) (sla) A system developed from materials at hand. Notation is mixed. Numbers in notation are like Dewey's — partly rxinning numbers, partly decimal. Uses form letters beyond a decimal (.1) to indicate form and process of subjects. Uses form numbers to indicate geographic division, plus letters to indicate level of government. Preface includes rules of use. With adaptation should be qioite suitable for a state-wide agency or a local agency, (IS) U.S. Federal Works Agency. Libraries. PMNNBIG CLaSSIFICA- TION TO BE USED WITH THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CL(.SSIF'ICATION. Washington, D.C., October, 1946. 1 v. (unpaged). Type- written manuscript; not available for distribution. A thorough-going classification stressing the economic and social aspects of planning, intended for use with the "HI^" section of the libi'ary of Congress classification. Geographic provisions are made, but lack of an index hampers its use. Not suitable for a planning agency which must deal with technique and practical problems. (14) U.S. National Resources Board. CLASSIFICATION OF PL\NNING MATEF'L\LS IN STATE PLANNING BOARD LIBRi\RIES. Washington, D.C, 1935. 6 leaves. (Circular no, 7) (Ipol) An abridged preprint of Comey 's State and National planning (no, 11). C. Developed for tfanicipal and County Agencies (15) Akron, Ohio. City Planning Commission. VERTICAL FILE, MA? AND SHELF INDEX. October, 1958. 32 pp. Typewritten manuscript; not available for general distribution. 11, fi>.... rr) v.:i^; - .>ri ^oof. .'"Ci. .'5 "I.:: X? y '-'.i.^ rii^ T a (e£) CPL Exchange bibliography 9 This system is nearly identical to the San Francisco scheme (no. 23), but with some expansion of the codes and geographic division to make it applicable to the Ohio area. In general, the schedules are more comDlete and use more up-to-date terminology than San Francisco, It is interesting to note that this agency formerly used the Glidden-Marcus system (no. 3) but changed over "in order to establish a filing system for planning materials as such, as contrasted vd.th the much broader classification system which had been created through reliance on the Public Administration Service volume," (16) [Alameda County, Calif. Planning. Commission] . Ii/[EMORANDUI,f [ON] USE OF STAFF LIBRARY, by RuthnfiTilding. Oakland, Calif., January 15, 1958. 7 pp. miraeo. Available from agency. A manual prepared for the use of staff members somewhat similar to the San Mateo County Planning Commission guide (no. 24), The classification scheme is not given, but follovv's closely the San Francisco pattern (no, 231 . Examples of card forms are reprinted, and as in the San Mateo system, this is planned as a "unified" scheme (i.e., to bo used with all types of material). (17) Albuquerque, N.M. Planning Department. LIBRARY CATALOGUE AND INDEX, [19563 1 v. (unpaged). Dittoed. (Ipol) A duplication of the North Carolina system (no, 7), July, 1955, edition, now out of date. (18) El Paso, Texas. Department of Planning. ORGiiNIZi\TION AND USE OF PLANNING DEPARTMENT TECHNICAL LIBRARY, by Herbert G, Hotchner, August 22, 1957, 1 v. (unleaved) (■'■echnical Report no. II) (Ipol) A system developed while the author was with the Santa Clara (California) planning Department and refined at El Paso. Uses colored tape and stickers on the spines of books and pamphlets instead of a symbol notation. All planning knowledge is arranged under 14 major headings vrLth sub-headings, each with its own color or combination of colors. Contains an "alphabetic subject index" to the classification. It is an intriguing system to the layman, but is full of pitfalls for the planning library which expects to grow and expand with the field. Expansion of terms is practically limited by the confusion or colored tapes, Jinemonic devices are not used. Santa Clara, while retaining the basic color code for ecessai_ 1 system gross separation of items on the shelf, found it necessary to work out a more detailed and conventional symboT due to the growth of the collection. (See no. 25) (19) Los Angeles County, Calif, Regional Planning Commission. A DECIMAL CLVSSIFICATION OF Tlffi URBAN AND RURilL USES OF UND, PREPARED FOR PROPERTY USE MAPS AND PL^.NNING STUDIES, by Bryant Hall, Los nngeles, 1936. 1 v, (unpaged). ( sla) A detailed, fixed number classification for all land uses. It is not mnemonic. It could be coordinated into a larger system by use of a prefix before the numbers. (20) [Pacific Planning and Research, Palo Alto, Calif,], A PRELIMIN- ARY DRAFT OF' A CLISSIFICATION SYSTE^/f FOR A T-UlNNING LIBRARY, [by Theressa Gay,] No date. 1 vol, (unpaged). Not available for distribution. V/rite to consultants for fiu:ther information. 12, P ^-Icfit*? r • tin 3 (91) .iid . . .a> .d^GI (cl) '■¥>} : T-r -■: (c: CPL Exchange Bibliography .9 A very detailed numerical classification developed from the materials at hand and ".,, undergoing revision as it is being put to use" (letter from author, January 20, 1958). Uses running numbers in threes followed by decimal and additional numbers as necessary. All usable numbers are written out and subjects assigned to them as material justifies. Because numbers are left open at the end of a run, occasionally a "logical" insertion can only be made by making longer numbers. The preliminary edition does not include an index, and certainly such an index would have to be developed before this scheme would be practically useful in a library. (21) Pennsylvania, University. Institute of Local and State Government. A SYSTEM FOR CLASSIFYING CITY AND REGIONAL PLAN!^IING MATERIALS, prepared ... for the City Planning Commission of Philadelphia. 1944. 39 pp. (sla) A letter and number notation broken down into five major classes: (1) general reference, (2) planning administration, (3) planning theory and practice, (4; planning factors, and (5) plans and projects. The latter two classes are divided into 13 factors which in turn are subdivided into subjects and topics. These factors are, with the letters assigned: A Government C Population E Business and industry G Finance H land and land utilization J Housing K Recreation and parks M Education N Health P Welfare R Safety and defense S Transportation and communication X Utilities and services Missing letters are intended for future e xpansion. At Philadelphia one new class has been added: "T" for materials on cities and towns generally. Certain other minor changes have been necessary vfithin tne scheme, but as a whole the classification has held up remarkably well under changing concepts and new ideas. "General reference" material is that which is too broad to be classified under any one of the 13 planning factors. "Administration" includes "all records and correspondence relating to office management." "Theory and practice covers all aspects of planning as a function m itself from its conception (theory; to its actual operation (planning programs and implementation of planning}." The 13 planning factors "comprise the data with vAiich planners or planning ■ technicians do their v;ork. They are the data v;hich make up the tools of planning." "Plans and projects include all contemplated and completed studies wnicii represent the planners' solution to planning problems." This appears to be a highly satisfactory classification scheme, although any one adopting it today would want to make certain revisions and expansions to up-date terminology and to add some of the new concepts (such as "urban renewal," "tenant relocation", etc.). It is still in use at the Philadelphia City Planning Commission and has been adopted by a number of smaller agencies, particularly along the Atlantic seaboard. 13. ■ •'•i'-i- ■ ■•■,..■ il ,v. , ■■ ^O.i riI'*. ./f ''-' S (cS) not- ^rrr •yen p. -i rf^' CPL Exchange Bibliography 9 125 Industrial 1251 Manufacturing Plants and Individual Land Use 1252 Enplcyec Density 1253 Industrial location 126 Utility 127 Institutional 123 Recreational 129 Problem and Mixed Uses Geographic divisions, following the decimal point, may be appended to any number in the schedule; the following are used: .0 General and Historic ,1 San Francisco ,2 Bay Region .3 Other California Cities and Countries .4 State of California ,5 National .6 Other States ,7 Other U.S. Cities and Counties .8 Foreign Aside from the fact that this type of detailed classifi- cation, when augmented vfith a card catalog containing author, title, and several subject cards (as it is in San Francisco), is unnecessarily complicated to apply for the cataloger and to remember by the user, perhaps the greatest criticism that can be directed toward the system is the relatively "frozen" notations of the first and second groups. Addition of new concepts or ideas in planning as the field grows and changes are virtually impossible without upsettinct the logic of the scheme, although in the last group, as shown in the "120 's" above, infinite expansion is possible. In short, one must be confident that the basic subject relationships in those schedules are suitable for planning at the time a new library is established, and certainly anyone establishing such a library ought to make a thorough comparison with other systems. Cn the other hand, John Gribben. who surveyed the library in 1950, has this to say about the classification: "It is recommended that the present classification scheme ... be retained. The relationships between subjects appear sound, and the mnemonic devices for geographical identification appear well suited to planning literature. Also, considerable space has been left in the scheme for expansion and inter- polation. Although other schemes could doubtless be shown to have advantages not found in this one, it is felt that the present scheme is adequate, and a change to another one would not be worth the "effort and expense." (J, H. Gribben, A St udy of the Potentialities . of the tltrrgxy oT Wc D epartment oi ' CiTy~PTanning, City aii'd~C"ourvfry oi ^an irancisco , U'iliiornia , spec iar"study submitted m partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree MLS, University of California, August, 1950, p. 51) 15, oiii ; CPL Exchange Bibliography 9 (24) San Mateo County, Calif. Planning Commission. COUNTY-i«n:DE J'lASTER PUN PROJECT OFFICE PROCEDURES. January, 1958. 23 pp. Multilith. (crpl) A valuable nanual in outline form which covers many routine office procedures used by the County-Wide Master Plan Project. Section IV (pp. 8-16) summarizes the classification and filing system and reprints examples of the unorthodox library cards used. This scheme is particularly useful for planning offices which must deal with a variety of different materials on a short-run basis (such as correspondence, newspaper clippings, maps, etc.) because it' has been designed as a "unified" system in which the same type of cards and classification numbers are used for any material regardless of size or format. Filing locations (such as bins for maps and drawings; tubes for original tracings; shelves for pamphlets: legal-size files for correspondence) are indicated by letters ("B," "T," "S", etc.). Subject content of each item filed is indicated by a three-digit number reminiscent of the San Francisco classification ^no, 23). Geographic subdivision is accomplished by a "decimal" number as in the San Francisco schedules. In addition, an accession number is assigned to material within each category to separate out items having the same basic subject classifications in the library. Thus, the report titled. Thoroughfares Proposal for San Mateo County , is assigned this humbGri 803-1 , — ^r— in which "803" represents a trafficways master plsin, "1", San Mateo County,' and " " , the fourth r eport on this subject for Sara Mateo 4 County, Basically, each item receives one card filed by the classification number; in addition, the report may be noted on three other cards (although not necessarily an individual card): author, area reference (geographic), and cross-reference. Another interesting feature is the coordination of the ordering process "with the library reference file, the author card serving both purposes, IMfortunately, this report does not contain the full classification scheme, but only a very brief outline of the nine major classes. (25) Santa Clara County, Calif. Planning Department. PLANNING DEPARTMENT LIBRARY PROPOSED REVISION OF CLASSIFICATION SYSTEJf. San Jose, Calif., August 27, 1958. 3 pp. ditto. Write to the agency for copy. (Ipol) A simple system of 13 major categories, with subject breakdc.vns under each category assigned numbers in the order in which new topics are needed. The 13 classifica- tions are: A Basic data B Circulation C Natural resources D Government jurisdictions E Housing F land use G Laws and regulations H Planning J Public improvements 16, :t'A\ n rinh'tw rTfin** ■-.nH.+jfn ft T '^.c^rt-.r:' ^i.U-.n^irv A t•)^^^i•T^•!3'T ■•'•?;< tOffC^ LTf ^:-') CPL Bibliography 9 K Recreation L Transportation M Urban renewal N Utilities The classification is quite iracomplete and is not entirely loc^ical, but may adequately meet the needs of a small planning library which uses it in coordination with a card catalog and a fully developed subject heading system* Ex- pansion is possible^ but not in a logical manner, and there IS apparent inequality in the assigning of numbers, although those may express the particular interests of the library at the time of development of these schedules. One example will indicate this 5 Under "Natural Resources", the numbers 1 through 5 are assigned to "General," "Air pollution," "Conservation," "Soils," and "Vegetation," but the next five numbers, vrLth equal standing in the scheme, are assigned to various asoects of "Water" — namely, "General," "Cloud seeding," "Flooci control," "]jnportation programs," and "Water and tideland reclamation," What will happen in this scheme should this library decide to add quantities of material on certain other aspects of "natural resources" and found it necessary to make additional brealtdoums ? (26) Tulare County, Calif. Planning Commission. LIBRilRY-REFERENCE FILE INDEX. Visalia, July 6, 1956. 1 v, (unpaged) (crpl) A running number system patterned after the San Francisco scheme (no, 23), but not as well conceived probably because it was worked out from a relatively small number of materials on hand in the library. System is not entirely logical and does not provide for expansion at certain points within the basic schedule* IV CLASSIFICATIONS PRIMRILY FOR HOUSING MATERIAIS (27) Atlantic Research Corporation, THE NATIONAL HOUSING CENTER LIBRARY CLASSIFICATION. Alexandria, Va., c.1955. 38 ppc Multilith. Write to agency for copy, (sla) The National Housing Center library "serves the research, reference, and archival needs of the National Association of Home Builders." "The actual construction of the home forms the central part of the classification," although it is designedfor materials on construction generally, architecture, city planning, subdivision and zoning. Uses a numerical notation of three numbers (100 to 399) with every fifth number unassi^ned for expansion purposes. Geographic subdivision is provided by using the tables published in the Library of Congress classification, class "H". (28) National Association of Housing Officials. CLASSIFICATION OF HOUSING WiTERIALS FOR USE OF HOUSING AGENCIES AND LIBPjIRIES, BASED ON SYSTEMS NOW IN USE B'^ THE^NATIONAL ASSOCIATION .,, AND THE JOINT REFERENCE LIBR/.RY. Chicago, 1939. 7 pp. (Publication no, N99) (sla) Section V is a parapranh breakdown, without notation, of housing subjects. Sectioh VII is a list of library subject headings with cross references. (Sections I-IV and VI are titles for NAHRO pamphlet files). 17. x,c n 1' i. sh:} q X T •a- i: Ci5noi*J .flrt t-.r^^ DHTSlK'n 5-l!J'"*f VJ 10 r- ■ Ii?ncxd-. (eri.^ ■i loc.t : T^ri.tO • Cn^ -I "'.rrrf ■ "ir' ^'^., CPL Exchange Bibliography 9 B. Primarily Planning Printed lists The best lists are the two Harvard Ifiiiversity publications (nos, 9 and 11), now much out of date. The index to the North Carolina classification (no. 8} is a more up-to-date listing of terms, although not specifi- cally intended as a subject heading list aiid therefore not completely adequate. (31) California. Department of Finance. Local Planning Office. Library. PLAMING REFERENCES, INDEX (to nos. 1-4). Sacramento, Calif., September 1958. 12 p. Write to agency for copy. An index to the first four issues of Planning References (a quarterly accessions list issued by thu Local tlmmini^ Office Library) in which the subject headings are brought together very much like a '"formal ^li&t of headings. Cross references are givon> but no record is indicated under a heading if cross references are- made to it. It may prove helpful in setting up a subject heading list, or in eugfresting terms for now concepts in planning- in adapting an older list for a library, "Authority" Cards (Available Only at Source) . Many libraries maintain an "authority file" or master list of subject terms adopted for use in their catalogs. The Harvard University city planning and landscape architecture authority file now contains some 8,000 separate 3x5 cards with headings and cross references, but no definitions or scope notes. Four large university libraries have, since 1950, purchased typed copies of the Harvard cards (Pennsyl- vania, Georgia Teen., California, and Cornell) and are using them as guides in developing systems of their own. C. Primarily Housing (32) Canada. Central Mortgage and Housing Corporation, LIBR/iRY SUBJECT HEADINGS. Montreal, Que,, no date. 28 pp. Multilith. Write to agency for copy, A list of the nearly 700 headings currently in use at the Corporatjon Library. "The subjects a dopted are those that are familiar to readers either by seeing them constantly in print or using them in conversation. The greater number of them are in use by other housing and architectural libraries or approved by professional indexing firms." The list is a little "Top heavy" on the housing, architecture, and building trades side for planning offices which may want more detailed concepts in their own field. Cross references are given, but no definitions or scope notes are provided. (33) Nev; York (City). Citizens Housing Coiuicil of New York, SUBJECT he;iDiwgs, mm cross references for houswg LIBRjIRIES, compiled by Katherine tfelterud and Ji.brahara Goldfield. New York, 1940. 30 pp. mimeo. (sla) This is a very thorough subject heading list, probably the best published list m the field in spite or its 1940 imprint date. It includes many subjects peripheral to housing, as the list is intended for architects, educa- tional institutions, managers and real estate companies 19. Yi-<0-vl -.oil iMxif jq:. tm[ g r C-T v.X H ~" It-T »•' Kfioi^dr'' 3v V .fi-.t: .eon 'yi) •(.yWT i;=ii-'L;:r ;-i^ i -'..'^"^hI- . ■ ' .trf-tot.:: •'-ex •51/r.j: .tft-Tf/f -■'.'f.t .i.t xi'>ni- :.•- .U - -i.- ni eJT'lb.T-'O '.,•-/£» :! j-£;;f ,;t5- CPL Exchange Bibliography 9 as well as housing officials. Cross references are given with the list. Headings in planning would have to be brought up to date and new concepts added. Other lists Section VII of the National Association of Housing Officials classification (no, 28) is a list of housing subject headings with cross references, VI. PIAIWIWG Am) HOUSING DEFINITIONS (34) Abrams, Charles. "Ifrban Land: a Preliminary Glossary." in EKISTICS; HOUSING AND PLANNING ABSTRhCTS, vol. 6 (July, 1958), pp. 5-19, Prepared as an appendix to the United Nations Housing and Planning Bijlletin no. 7, but not published. It is intended as a supplement to existing glossaries such as the 1951 volume 01 the Intornational Federation for Housing and Town Planning (no. 35). (35) International Federation for Housing and Town Planning. E^TERNATIONaL glossary of TECffiJICAL TERMS USED IN HOUSING AND TOW PL/iNNING, edited by H, J. Spiwak. 2nd. edition* Amsterdam, 1951. 144 pp. A handy manual in five languages (English, French, German, Italian, Spanish) comparing, side by side, terms and phrases peculiar to the housing and planning fields. It does not include many terras commonly found in the dictionary, but only "those terms whose equivalents or meaning are not easily ascertained by referring to such a dictionary." (36) Oakland, Calif, City Planning Commission. HilNDBOOK OF LAND USE , DEFINITIONS. Oakland, Calif., 1954. 53 pp. mimeo. (Ipol, crpl) Prepared primarily as an aid in interpreting the land use maps of Oakland, "it presents a detailed description and evaluation of the sources of information, the procedures, and definitions used ..." (37) Ihited Nations. Department of Conferences and General Services. LIST OF TERMS RELATING TO BUILDING CONSTRUCTION AND TOW PLIMSING. New York, 1952. 41 pp. (Its Terminology Bulletin no. 96) out of print (38) U.S. Central Housing Committee, A GLOSSARY OF HOUSING TERMS. Washington, D.C, 1937. 88 pp. Maltilith. (sla) Prepared by an inter-agency committee with representatives from the five federal agencies (in 1937) concerned with housing matters, this glossary attempts to define terms not only in housing, but in several related fields including city planning. Now largely r eplaced by no. 39. (39) U.S. Housing and Home Finance Agency. HOUSING DEFINITIONS .. . AS THEY REL'iTE TO PROGRAMS OF THE HOUSING AND HCm. FINANCE AGENCY. Washington, D.C, Government Printing Office, January, 1959. 46 p. 30^ This booklet "is designed to provide informal definitions of terms and names comraorily used in connection with Housing and Home Finance Agency programs." It is arranges in lour parts, (1) agencies and organizations concerned mth housing, \Z) HHfA program terms, (3) general financing and budget terms, and (4) an alphabetical index. 20. Glr'fori.'K- (X'fs.o ^i.c.'I} .o^iiui'. .qn esy ^--^ • ■ ■ ■■■■' ;■ ■ .Ri^'H^iT f!''f^''"o« "70 vet: .h: