G f I i! ii i! XI XI 3 xi I I xVxV x|xxfxx|xxfx x|xx|x xlxxfx x|xxfxxfxx|x xfxxtXxlA^xV xV xj/*-" x|x REPORT /!nf?Ai?V OF THE UNIVERSITY cf 11 OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THF Agricultural and Mechanical College OF KENTUCKY, TO GOVERNOR W. 0. BRADLEY, For the Period Beginning Jnly 1, 1895, and Ending June 30, 1897. i! XI XI 'Ji a I •j^'xlxxl^: x|x x|x xjxxiv xjxxjx X|x x|x ,-f'ix ,y|X x|x yjx y|x xjx xjx xjx xjx x|v. xjx x|x xjx xjx LOUISVILLE ; SOWI.E PRINTING & ENGRAVING CO. 1898. Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2017 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Alternates https://archive.org/details/reportofboardoftOOagri PRRSIDENT JAS. K. PATTE:RS0N, / ipnAUY OF THE UNIVERSITY cf ILL OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE Agricultural and Mechanical College OF KENTUCKY, TO GOVERNOR W. 0. BRADLEY, For the Period Beginning Jniy I, 1895, and Ending June 30, 1897. LOUISVILLE : SOWEE PRINTING & feNGRAVING CO. 1898. THE STATE COLLEGE OF KENTUCKY. To His Excellency^ Hon. William O. Bradley., Governor of Kentucky: The biennial period through which we have been passing since our last report was made has been one of unusual depression. The scarcity of money due to the economic has compelled peo- ple whose means are relatively small to cut down expenses, and, unfortunately, one of the most suggestive means of economy with this class is to retrench in the outlay for education. All professions and occupations have felt the strain, but it has come with especial severity upon the agricultural community, from whom so large a part of our patronage is drawn. A consider- able falling off in the matriculation of the State College might, therefore, have been looked for. We have, however, held our own in point of numbers. Not only has there been no diminu- tion in attendance, but there has been a slight increase in the totals. If the college proper only is regarded, the increase in numbers has been gratifying beyond precedent and beyond ex- pectation. Each of the four college classes has increased in num- bers, and the present collegiate year opens with much larger classes than ever before. We account for this state of things partly because of the relations which we have established with a number of the best high schools in the Commonwealth. With the Manual Training School, of Louisville, for example, we agree to admit their graduates without examination to the Sopho- more class. A similar arrangement exists with a number of other schools in the Commonwealth. We give free tuition and matriculation to the honor pupils of such accredited schools. The system works so well that quite a number of valuable acces- 4 A. AND M. COLLEGE OF KENTUCKY. sions have been gotten in this way for the past two years. It stimulates a wholesome competition in such schools for the honor of representing the graduating class in the State College of Ken- tucky. We append herewith a list of the accredited schools with the conditions of admission. PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS. tAshland, J. G. Crabbe, Superintendent. tBellevue, J. M. N. Downes, Superintendent. tCarlisle, W. F. Ramey, Superintendent. tCatlettsburg, J. B. Leech, Superintendent. tCorydon, C. K. Dudley, Superintendent. tCovington, John Morris, Superintendent. tCynthiana, C. A. Leonard, Superintendent. tDayton, R. M. Mitchell, Superintendent. jFlemingsburg, J. T. Leahy, Superintendent. tFrankfort, McHenry Rhoads, Superintendent. tHarrodsburg, C. W. Bell, Superintendent. tHopkinsville, Livingstone McCartney, Superintendent. tLawrenceburg, H. V. Bell, Superintendent. Lexington, Rogers Clay, Superintendent, tjohnson High School, W. K. Shelby, Principal. tDudley High School, Col. Graves, Principal. Louisville, E. H. Mark, Superintendent. tFemale High School, W. H. Bartholomew, Principal. tMale High School, R. P. Halleck, Principal. Manual Training High School, H. G. Brownell, Principal. To Soph. M. E. Course. tMarion, Charles Evans, Superintendent. tMaysville Male High School, G. E. Hutchins, Principal. tMaysville Female High School, Miss Fanny I. Gordon, Principal. tMiddlesboro, C. H. Gordinier, Superintendent. §Mt. Sterling, Mrs. N. K. Hibler, Principal. tNewport, John Burk, Superintendent. A. AND M. COLLEGE OE KENTUCKY. tNicholasville, R. G. Lowry, Superintendent. tPaducah, Geo. O. McBroom, Snperintendent. tParis, E. W. Weaver, Superintendent. tSmithland, Miss Martha Grassham, Principal. tSomerset, Alfred Livingston, Superintendent. tWinchester, R. M. Ship, Superintendent. PRIVATE ACADEMIES AND HIGH dCHOULS. JCynthiana, Smith’s Classical School, N. E’. Smith, Prin- cipal. tFranklin, Training School, McCutchen and Finn, Prin- cipals. tHenderson, Henderson High School, W. B. Tharp, Prin- cipal. §Lexington, Private School, Miss Ela M. Williams Prin- cipal. tLexington, Alleghan Academy, A. N. Gordon, Principal. tLouisville, St. Xavier’s College, Bro. James, Principal. tOwenton, Owenton High School, H. C. Smith, Principal. ^Paris, Boy’s School, Prof. William Yerkes, Principal. jVersailles, Rose Hill Seminary, Miss Gillie Crenshaw, Prin- cipal. J Williamsburg, Williamsburg Institute, J. N. Prestridge, President. tWilliamsburg, Williamsburg Academy, Prof. Stevens, Principal. The following courses of study are in effective operation each of which leads to a degree, viz: Agricultural, Mechanical En- gineering, Civil Engineering ; three scientific courses, viz : Math- ematical, Biological, and Chemical, Classical and Normal school. fAcciedited to Freshman (or higher class by special certificate), t Accredited on subjects covered by certificates of proficiency. ^Accredited to Freshman (Elementary Physics excepted). ,0 A. AND M. COLLEGE OF KENTUCKY. There is likewise an academy established in connection with the college, which prepares students who have completed only the Common School Course to enter the Freshman class. The academy is under the management of a principal and three assistants. Within the current collegiate year a course in Electrical En- gineering has also been established. The scientific courses and the engineering courses of study supply instruction of an excep- tionally high character, each being well equipped with the ma- terial appliances which are necessary to make instruction effec- tive. These are more fully indicated in the reports of heads of departments which accompany this, and are made part of this report. For two years,- the period covered by this report, we were very much hampered by the failure of .the State to pay the inter- est on the bonds which represented the proceeds of the sale of the land script allotted to the State for the endowment of the col- lege by the Land Grant Act of 1862. These arrears have been paid, and provision made for the refunding in a bond issued by the State of the original principal of the Endowment Fund. We have also been much cramped by inadequate accommo- dations for class room, lecture room and laboratory instruction. This will be remedied in the future by the facilities afforded by the building for Natural History, now almost completed, and which we hope to occupy by the beginning of the new year. A brief description of this building, furnished by Prof. Anderson, the architect, will be of interest to the public and show the rapid development of the institution with the opportunties for doing practical work. Altogether the management of the College of Kentucky have every reason to be gratified with the results of the last two years. The trustees are active, interested and faithful, prompt and regular in their attendance upon the prescribed meetings, and assiduous in the discharge of assigned duties. The faculty A. AND M. COLLEGE OF KENTUCKY are men of ability and attainments equal to the requirements of their respttctive positions. Many of them are young men eager to make a reputation. An increasing proportion of matriculates are, as a rule, able to pass entrance examinations for a higher classification than for- merly, which means that a larger proportion enters the regular College classes. Our plant, too, has grown rapidly since 1890, the internal keeping pace with the external expansion. We think we are in the bounds of propriety in the statement that no land-grant college south of the Ohio is prepared to offer greater advantages to students to provide a greater variety of courses of study, or to do more thorough work in the several lines to which it addresses itself than the State College of Kentucky. In conclusion we desire to commend the State College of Kentucky to the consideration and fostering care of your Excel- lency, and through you to the liberality and patriotism of the Commonwealth. We have the honor to be. Your obedient servants, J. T. Gathright, J. C. Flournoy, ' W. F. Peak, Committee. NEW BUILDINGS AND IMPROVEMENTS. Lexington, Ky., December 15, 1897'. President Janies K. Pattei'son^ State College of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky.: My Dear Sir : At your request, I have the honor to here- with make report to you, relative to the buildings that have been erected on the State College grounds during the current year, together with certain other improvements that have been made. NATURAL SCIENCE BUILDING. The new Natural Science building just completed is a three- story structure, exclusive of the ten foot basement under the whole building, and is shown by the accompanying perspective view and floor plans. The building is built of Lexington pressed brick, with Bow- ling Green cut stone trimmings. The roof is slate, the cornice and cresting of galvanized iron. The foundation is built of Kentucky limestone, and the walls of the same are rubble work. The building is plastered with cement plaster; glass partitions and tile floors have been placed in the halls and vestibule. The structure cost complete, including electric lighting and steam heating, $20,000.00. All of the wood work is yellow pine, finished with three coats of varnish. THE CONSERVATORY. The green house built during the summer as a front to the old green house, cost $700.00. The foundation is limestone. THE BOILER HOUSE. The new heating plant was completed during September,, and the old boiler house remodeled. The improvement cost $1,900.00. 8 A. AND M. COLLEGE OF KENTUCKY. 9 OTHER IMPROVEMENTS. The old Veterinary building has been remodeled, to be used for electrical measurements and photometric work. A new car- penter shop has been erected, to be used by those persons work- ing on general college repairs. Considerable work has been done on the college grounds in he way of grading, and putting in new lines of drain pipes. Yours truly, F. Paul Anderson. THE EXPERIHENT STATION. REPORT OF M. A. SCOVELL, DIRECTOR, TO JAMES K. PATTERSON, PH. D,. PRESIDENT OF THE COLLEGE. Pi'esideiit James K. Patterson: Dear Sir: — I have the honor to submit herewith a report from the Experiment Station covering the period from July ist, 1895, to June 30th, 1897. The general work of the Station has been along the lines of : I. Chentical Investigations. II. Analysis of Commercial Fertilizer^. III. Tests of Commercial Fertilizers on soils in different parts of the State. IV. Entomological and Botanical Investigations^. V. Tests of Different Varieties of Field Crops. VI. Dairy Tests. VII. Meteorological Observations. \^III. Correspondence. THE STAFF. I am pleased to report that but a few changes have been made in our station staff. It is evident that with a permanent force in- vestigations, running through a period of years, can be much bet- ter carried out than if the members of the staff were changing. Mr. T. S. Hawkins, foreman of the Farm, resigned in February 1896, and Dr. R. J. Spurr was elected Superintendent of Field Experi- ments. He continued with us until a few days before his death, March 8, 1897 His plans, if carried out, would have resulted in much good. All feel the keenest sorrow that he could not be spared to carry out his plans and purposes. Since Dr. Spurr’s death Mr. J. N. Harper has been acting foreman. Mr. Harper 10 \ EXPERIMENT station BUIEDING. BARN— EXPERIMENT STATION FARM. DAIRY BUIEDING — EXPERIMENT STATION FARM. A. AND M. COLDKGK OF KENTUCKY. 11 was elected Dairyman, February 15, 1896, and is still with us in that capacity. The Station staff is now made up as follows : M. A. ScovEUU, JJirtctor and Chemist. A. M. Pktkr, H. K. Curtis, Chemists. H. Gakman, Entomologist and Botanist. C. W. Mathews, Horticulturist. V. E. Muncy, Weather Obseror. J. N. Harper, Dairyman and Acting Foreman of the Farm. Miss A. M. Sheep v, .stenographer. EQUIPMENT. Much has been added to the Station in the way of buildings and equipment during the two years. The facilities for the work of the Chemical Division have been increased by the addition to the laboratory of the room used by the late Dr. Robt. Peter as the laboratory of the Geolog- ical Survey. The equipment of our chemical laboratory now is very complete. An Insectory has been built for the Entomological Division costing nearly $2200.00. Prof. Garman has personally super- intended the construction of it. It is constructed with all the latest modern improvements. A $2000.00 dairy house for experimental purposes has been built and equipped for thorough experiments in the dairy line. An addition to the dairy barn has been made.’ We are still in need of additional facilities to keep apace with the rapid de- velopment of the Station. 12 A. AND M. COLDEGE OF KENTUCKY. ANALYSIS AND INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS. In accordance with the State law we have continued the in- spection of Commercial Fertilizers. This has taken the time of one of our Chemists continually and a portion of the time of the other. The fertilizer trade is constantly increasing in our State and consequently this work becomes greater every year. The reve- nue obtained from this source has so far met the expenses incurred but the time will soon come, I anticipate when so many samples may be sent for free analysis that the funds accruing from this source will not meet the expenses. The law provides that farm- ers may send samples of fertilizers under proper restrictions to the Director for free analysis. This provision, I think a very proper one, and the farmers should be encouraged in sending samples, but I think some change in the law should be made whereby this work may be continued without loss to the Station and at the same time with no additional expense to the farmers. Results of our analyses of inspections are given in bulletins 56^ 60, 64, 65 and 68. FERTILIZER TESTS. We have made a number of field tests with fertilizers to find out practically the wants of the soil. These tests have been made in various parts of the State and we have some results which are very marked. This field survey of the State is incomplete and owing to the inexperience of farmers and the many mishaps from growing crops it may be years before our work is completed in this line. CROP TESTS. We have continued the tests of crops mainly for the purpose of studying varieties. The varietal tests have been materially under the charge of the Horticultural Division. GRASS PLOTS. Prof. Garman has been engaged in the tests of a large number of different varieties of grasses, clovers and forage plants. The varieties of grasses and clovers have been collected at different periods of growth and sent to the laboratory tor analysis. It is A. AND M. CODDEGE OF KENTUCKY. the purpose to have these grasses analyzed that their different feeding values may be ascertained, and results published in the form of a bulletin. STUDY OF METHODS OF ANALYSIS. It is necessary in order to carry on new experiments in the chemical way to develop new and approved apparatus and to devise rapid methods for work.. Some considerable time has been spent in such work. During 1896 the work of Prof. Peter was confined almost entirely to the study of soil analyses. THE USE OF PARIS GREEN TO DESTROY THE TOBACCO WORfl. We have made many experiments in this line and the work is still under investigation. DAIRY EXPERiriENTS. We have continued our experiments in the study of variations of butter fat in the milk of dairy cows. Our records now cover nearly six years of continuous work. j ENTOnOLOGICAL WORK. The work in this line covers: Experiments in checking potato scab. Experiments with apple rot and coddling moth. Experiments with broom rape. Experiments with parasitic fungus in destroying chinch bug. Examination of the orchards of the State for San Jose Scale and other diseases. CORRESPONDENCE. Much of the time of the Director has been given up to an- swering inquiries coming to the office from farmers of the State. This work has been encouraged and I believe should be further developed. 14 A. AND M. COLLEGE OF KENTUCKY. PUBLICATIONS. During the two years we have published 13 bulletins and one annual report and have a second annual report filed with the Governor. The bulletins aggregate 270 pages and are as follows: Bulletin No. 56. Analysis of Commercial Fertilizers. “ No. 57. Wheat Experiments; oats experiments. “ No. 58. Cut worms in Kentucky. “ No. 59. Spraying Experiments in 1895. “ No. 60. Analysis of Commercial Fertilizers. 1. Official analysis- 2. Analysis of farmers’ and inspectors’ samples. “ No. 61. Potatoes. 1. Experiments with fertilizers. 2. Injurious fungus pests. 3. Tests of varieties. “ No. 62. Strawberries. “ No. 63. Tobacco. “ No. 64. Analysis of Commercial Feitilizers. ‘‘ No. 65. Analysis of Commercial Fertilizers. “ I. Official analysis. “ 2. Analysis of other samples. ‘‘ No. 66. Tobacco. “ No. 67. San Jose Scale in Kentucky. “ No. 68. Analysis of Commercial Fertilizers. OUR NEEDS. The work of the Station is growing rapidly and we find our- selves already cramped for room. I. We need more rooms. We need a room for sampling fertilizers, grinding and pre- paring beets for analysis and preparation of rough specimens for chemical analysis. A. AND M. COLLEGE OF KENTUCKY. 15 We need additional room for photographic purposes. As our work grows it becomes necessary to illustrate by photo- graphs. We need a furnace room for assaying. We often receive specimens from people in the State who want to know the value of ores, and if we had the facilities for doing this it would be a great accommodation to the people of the State. Our library is rapidly expanding and we have already had todi.stribute it in different rooms. We should have a large room for general library. We need a museum. We have many specimens that should be on exhibition. 2. We need more land. If we are to develop the horticul- tural side of the Station, Prof. Mathews thinks it is absolutely necessary to have more land for his purposes. It is thought best also to make some feeding experiments in beef cattle. If we undertake this work we should have land to pasture them in the summer. We also could expand our work in varietal tests of different crops with more land. Negotiations are now under way by which it is hoped that we may obtain additional land in the near future. I append herewith the financial statement of the Station during the two years. Very respectfully submitted, M. A. ScovELL, Director. EXPERIMENF STATION OF STATE COLLEGE. Financial Statement for the year ending June 30, 1897. 10 A. AND M. COLLEGE OF KENTUCKY. o cc O LO 1—1 o — locc — XOi^-Tfi— I'Tf^OCCCr.HiOOCCM o CO S'} 1— 01 r-i 10 CC -rj T-1 CC CO ^ Cl O o tn iJ 'i5 o s « Farm roducts. 0 CO r- 0 0 — O^ i." • 88 CO 0 0? 00 O? (M 0 ■X ■ X 10 • <:c 0 > • CO — 0 X 10 Oh m ertilizer L,aw. O'? 0 10 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 Cl 1 C CO ^ <31 0 1 C 0? 0 01 10 ic 0 1 — -rr 0 UO x 0 --' 1- — ' Tt 0 CO 1.0 'ir ^ lO IC o?"" cc €©^ dfl ao C’-C O? O O'? ^ o o? o 00 Cl CO O O Tf o LO — I o? — o? o 00 00 01 t- O? CO CO t-i CO (u 5 :« (U nC Qh .r" a 03 -13 .M bioc a^ a cs cs biO' a +-• (/} a (V ^ i: 03 a s S 03 (u a cu a a >H s§& S-xcii .52 .a o 3 C/} LT o a bioO ” >^t-i a 55 5 *2 bfi ^ - s '1 2 .52 -s g "2 1 S '§ ^ 2 ^ 5^.6 8 a-s.^ 2 5 a p.(pHpLiWCJtX!fe'haH4Hfec/2i4HOPQ EXPERIMENT STATION OF STATE COLLEGE. Financial Statement for the Year ending June 30, 1896. A. AND M. COLLEGE OF KENTNCKY 17 0 10 CO^O?rt <0 OfOOOTHOOOT^lC 0 —1 0 Of ^ CO Cl Of 0 -f Cl t-(Ot 01 Ci— ICOCOO fTf 0 0 t- cr. Of 0 Tti r-l ^ Of T-- 0 r- 10 CO tO Of -0 CO Of i-T 5-1 CO 0 0 Of T— 1 co" CO Oi , • • Of • 0 CO c- ■ Of ■ ... • • 0 • TO LO CO • GO c- c- • Cl • • CO • • • Cl • 0 o? Of 1 U 5 ^ O? 1— 1 i CO 10 ■ 10 liO GO • 0 ■ 0 0 • 0 • i.- 0 CC Cfl '-I 0 , • • • • lO 01 ■ CO ■ Cl • 10 0 ■ 0 • rH 0 1—1 2 H Cl —1 10 Of • -0 • 0 ■ 0 10 • 10 • Of TO CO V- 3 CO Oi ■ • ■ • Of Of • Of • CO ■ CO 0 Of oj-a ptH 2 CO CO 1—1 lO TO • Of Ph 1—1 0 0 0 10 0 Of 0 • 0 00 . . . . • CO • tO Of ii ?> 0 0 GO 10 00 r-H 0 ■ lO Of • • LO • • • CO -Of 10 •S >• 0 0 -+l Of Of GO ■ Cl 0 . . zo . . • t- -GO LO ;a & OJ ^ 00^ 0-0 ■ Cl Cl ■ ■ 00 • • ■ 0 • 0 rH •p as r— 0 Of TO T — 1 tH ■ ^ • 00^ 0 co''^" ; of of PP , . ■ 0 10 0 10 0 0 0 «-'- 0 Of CO Cl LO • 0 0 LO 0 • 0 t- 0 CO 0 0 -0 tH to OOIOCOC- • t'- 0 Of r fl' clO • 0 GO t-- TO -0 CO CO Of 0 • Of CO I.-- 1 C CO • 10 cc CO ■ 0 Of TO i.-' CO 0 »o 0 Of • 0 TO TO ,-( • (M Cl tH ^ rt ■ CCtOCIt-h 1 -^ ^ TO CO Of ■ Of CO ’5 : 10 cT of . P- p : ^ O p, ^ o C« 4 Ph Ah K U c/2 lu Oh M ^ X PlIt^ a a a, o biO ^ a ., .... a S°.B bi) .2 ^ ^ - o-^H 2 o a (n h 4 H u m a w REPORT OF BOTANY, HORTICULTURE AND AGRICULTURE. Lexington, Ky., Nov. 26, 1897. President James K. Pattersofi^ State College of Kentucky^ Lexington^ Ky.: Dear Sir; In accordance with your request I submit here- with a report of the department of Botany, Horticulture and Ag- riculture for the Collegiate years of 1895-96 and 1896-97. The number enrolled in my classes for these two years is as follows; 1895-96 1896-97 Introductory Botany 18 23 Plant Histology 8 2 Plant Physiology 0 8 Horticulture 1 5 Agriculture 0 4 Total 17 87 The enrollment as tabulated above indicates, it will be ob- served, a much smaller attendance than usual for the year 1895-96. This falling off from the attendance of previous years was due chiefly to changes in the courses of instruction, by which the introductiory Botany was advanced in the schedule of studies from the second term of the Freshman year to the first term of the Sophomore year. This change was made imperative by the lack of room in the Botanical Laboratory for the increasing numbers of the Fresh- man classes, and resulted, necessarily, in a very small enroll- ment for the second term of that year (the spring term of 1896). Some additions have been made to the equipment of the de- partment during the past two years, chiefly in the form of books^ 18 GREKN HOUvSE. botany, A. AND M. COIvDEGE OF KENTUCKY. 19 and minor pieces of apparatus. These additions have not been as great as hoped for, on account of the very limited appropria- tions during these years. With the approaching completion of the new building for Natural Science, this department in common with others devoted to Natural History, will enjoy greatly increased advantages for its work that have long been sorely needed. These added facilities for work can scarcely fail to give a strong impetus to the study of botanical and agricultural sciences. In the work of instruction in Agriculture, the outlook for the current year is more promising than ever before. The number and interest of students in this work is steadily increasing, as shown in various ways, particularly by the recent organization in the student body of a vigorous Agricultural association for the purpose of holding regular meetings in the interest of Agri- cultural Science, and of the department in the college. The Short Course in Agriculture, which was offered for the first time in the spring term of 1897 will again be offered in 1898. Although the attendance upon this course was small last year, it is believed that when it is more widely known, it will meet a real want of the farmers of our State, and attain some- thing of the popularity which corresponding courses have met with in other States. It is earnestly hoped that it will be possible to make larger appropriations to this department in the future. With the larger Sophomore class in prospect for next year, it will be necessary to provide more microscopes and other kinds of apparatus, and to make the agricultural course thoroughly practical and efficient, there will be needed increased facilities for this work also. Respectfully submitted, C. W. Mathkws. [Signed.] REPORT OF GEOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY. ‘ Lexington, Ky., November 30, 1897. President James K. Patterson, State College of Kentucky^ Lexington, Ky.: Dear Sir: — I herewith transmit the report of the Depart- ment of Geology and Zoology for the collegiate years 1895-6, 1896-7 and the Fall session of 1897. A tabulated statement of the subjects taught, with the num- ber of students that have received instruction in the same, is as follows Advanced Geology 1895-6 9 1896-7 14 1897 Fall 4 Physiography 10 10 20 Palaeontology 12 10 14 Mineralogy *. 12 11 Economic Geology 4 Zoology (systematic) 18 15 14 Zoology ( Laboratory ) 18 8 Entomology 1 4 Embryology Osteology '1 1 9 Post-Graduate Biology 1 Post-Graduate Geology 1 1 Total 74 59 This report covers the period during which the Departments of Geology and Zoology have been united. No subject has been dropped from the curriculum on account of this union. This re- tention of the full curriculum has been secured in some cases only by conducting two classes at the same time, an arrange- ment permissible only where the number of students pursuing some subjects is very small. With the natural expansion to be anticipated when these departments shall be quartered in the 20 GEOLOGY. ZOOLOGY. A. AND M. COIvDEGB OF KENTUCKY. 21 new Natural History Building such arrangement may not always prove satisfactory. The establishment of the fellowship in Geology and Zoology, we believe, was a wise measure. The present incumbent has been prosecuting his studies faithfully and it is hoped will be able to ' prepare by the close of the year a thesis that will be a sufficiently valuable contribution to Kentucky geology to warrant its publication. There is no good reason why, begin- ning in this small way,, this should not lead us ultimately to the establishment of a University State Geological Survey. The Fellow is also valuable as an assistant in the Laboratory. The collections, chiefly geological, have been added to con- tinually during the last two years, and an opportunity will be afforded of properly arranging them for purposes of instruction in the Museum of the New Building. This Museum, ample in space for years to come, ought to be the natural repository for specimens and exhibits illustrating the economic resources ot the State. The geological collection at Frankfort, useless for the pur- pose for which it was accumulated,, now since the discontin- uance of the State Geological Survey, and a clear expense to the State ($600 per annum is paid for its maintenance), would, if placed in this Museum, be treasured by those who are in a posi- tion to put some scientific estimate upon it, and would be highly I valued for purposes of instruction. As the duly accredited representatives of the State and Col- lege at the Seventh Meeting of the ''Congres Geologiqtie Inter- natio 7 ial'^ I was privileged to participate in its deliberations at St. Petersburg and avail myself of the exceptional opportunities for geological study afforded by the excursions run in connec- tion therewith. On account of the great liberality of the Russian Government in putting special trains at our free disposal, and the boundless hospitality and courtesy of the different mining companies (not omitting the peasant -people), we were able to 22 A. AND M. COIvIvEGE OF KENTUCKY. derive great profit from this trip and come back loaded with val- uable mineral contributions to the Department of Geology. Respectfully submitted, [Signed] Arthur M. Miruer. REPORT OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY, Lexington, Ky., December, i., 1897. President James K. Patterson, State College of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky.: Dear Sir: — I herewith submit a report of the Department of Anatomy and Physiology embracing the scholastic years of 1895-6 and 1896-7 ; also a report of the number of pupils in this Department up to the present date. During the year 1895-6 there were sixty-three students in this Department. They were in three separate classes. The advanced class, that of the fourth hour, contained thirty-six and the two Normal classes were composed respectively of twenty and twenty-three. During the year 1896-7 the number was increased to ninety- three. The third hour class, composed of those taking the Classical Course contained fifteen pupils. The fourth-hour class had thirty-six and the two Normal Classes twenty-nine and nineteen respectively. At the present time there are thirty-three in the third hour class and fifty-five in the fourth hour class, with a prospect for a large number fpr the Normal classes when they are organized. You will observe that the department has increased in numbers from year to year and at the present time has eighty-eight matricu- lates — almost double the number we have had in previous years at the same date. The equipment of this Department has been bettered from year to year. Our models, charts, skeletons are of the best. We are supplied with microscopes, sphygmograph, haemacyto- meter and other apparatus for physiological research. We have 24 A. AND M. COLLEGE OF KENTUCKY. the nucleus to a library, and with increased facilities made pos- sible by the erection of the new building for this and kindred departments we may look forward to a bright future. Respectfully, [Signed] J. W. Pryor M. D. Prof, of Aiiatomy and Physiology. / / I DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS. Lexington, Ky., December i, 1897. President James K. Patterson, State College of Kentucky, J^exington, Ky.: Dear Sir : In accordance with your request, I submit to you the following report concerning the Department of Physics for the two years ending June, 1897. In Physics for 1895-96 the enrollment summation of the classes was 93. Number of different individuals in these classes was 52. In Physics for 1896-97 the enrollment summation of the classes was 89. Number of different individuals in these classes was 55. No knowledge of Physics is required for admission to the Freshman Class of the College, though students who pass through the Academy are required to take a five months’ course in Ele- mentary Physics. The following shows briefly but accurately the work done in Physics during the year 1896-7. The work in the College began in the Sophomore year, dur- ing the first term of which instruction was given by text-book and lectures, fully illustrated by experiments, with recitations one hour daily. This course embraced the subjects of Mole- cular aud Ether Dynamics, treating of the general proper- ties of Matter, Sound, Light, Heat, Electricity and Magnetism, and was intended to give the students a general knowledge of Physical Phenomena and Physical Laws, and to prepaie them for the practical work which accompanied and followed the course. Text-book : Gage’s Principles of Physics. 25 26 A. AND M. COLLEGE OF KENTUCKY. The students in Engineering worked in the Laboratory one hour daily during this term, experimenting in the subjects of the above course. During the second term of the Sophomore year students in the other couises worked in the Laboratory one and one-half hours daily. Gage’s Laboratory Manual and Note-Book was used. The work of the Junior year was specialized. Heat was studied one hour daily during the first term, some of the subjects being Thermometry, Expansions of Solids and Liquids and Gases, Calorimetry, Fusion and Vaporization, Hygrometry, Radiation, Convection, Conduction. A portion of the time was given to experimentation in the laboratory. Text-Book: Cum- mings’ Heat. One hour daily was given to the study of Electricity and Magnetism during the second term of this year. The principal studies were Frictional Electricity and Magnetism, Current Electricity, Electrostatics, Electromagnetics, Measurements of Current, Thermo-Electricity, Heat and Power and Light from Electric Currents, Inductance, Dynamos and Transformers, Tel- egraphy, Telephony, Electric Radiations, and Electric Waves. Work was done in the Laboratory. Text-Book : Sylvanus P. Thompson’s Electricity and Magnetism. Much importance is attached to all work in the Laboratory. Each student was furnished with the necessary apparatus and was required to keep a systematic record of all his experiments, giving data and results of each. The work was mainly quanti- tive in character. This department has a good equipment of apparatus, but additions are being made each year to meet the needs of experi- mental investigation as well as the needs due to an increased number of students. The Department, however, is much in need of more suitable and more commodious quarters than is afford- ed by the two rooms now occupied. A. AND M. COIvLEGB OF KENTUCKY. 27 In conclusion I wish to say that my classes this year are about 25 per cent, larger in average attendance than they were at this time last year. The work does not differ materially from what it was last year. Yours truly, M. L. Pence, Prof, of Physics. CHEniCAL DEPARTMENT. Lexington, Ky., December i, 1897. President James K. Patterson, State College of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky.: Dear Sir: I have the honor to submit to you the following report of the work of the Chemical Department of the college for the collegiate years 1895-96, 1896-97, and also for the first term of the present year 1 897-^98. LOCATION AND EQUIPMENT. The Chemical Department occupies the entire second floor of the Experiment Station building, with the exception of one room. The lecture rooms and laboratories, qualitative and quantitative, of the Chemical Department, are exceedingly well adapted to their purpose, and are among the best constructed and most handsomely furnished of any of the rooms of the col- lege. The quantitative laboratory is also well equipped with table:3, hoods, water, gas and electricity, and has desk room for fourteen students. The lecture room is well lighted and heated, and is beautifully furnished and commodious, having a seating capacitv of about seventy-five. Besides the laboratories and lec- ture room there are several smaller rooms on the same floor which have been set aside for the use of the Chemical Depart- ment, viz: A balance room, an instructor’s office and a store room. Quite recently* another room has been furnished and equipped for advance work in physical chemistry. APPARATUS AND CHEMICALS. The department is well equipped with the commoner forms of chemical apparatus and chemicals, supplies of which are re- newed from time to time as the occasion may require. In addi- tion to these it owns several of the more expensive pieces of ap- LECTURE ROOM- -DEPARTMENT OF CHFMISTRY. LABORATORY — DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY. A. AND M. CODIvEGE OF KENTUCKY. 29 paratus, such as several exceedingly delicate balances for analytical work ; a great model Bunsen and Kirchoff Spectro- scope, platinum apparatus, a complete outfit for electro-plat- ing, a vapor density apparatus, a glass model ice machine, etc., etc. In addition to these several fine pieces of apparatus have re- cently become the property of the Department. Among these are to be enumerated a Pulfrich’s Refractometer, Hite’s apparatus for the determination of the boiling point of solutions, Orndorff’s apparatus for the same purpose, Beckmann’s apparatus for de- termination of the freezing point of solutions, a Reading Tel- escope, differential thermometers, etc. , etc. INSTRUCTION. Instruction in chemistry is provided for in each of the several courses of study offered by the College, but in order to prepare men and women for practical work in chemistry, pure and ap- plied, and with the view of preparing still others for the study of medicine, pharmacy, or the further study of one of the natural sciences, a chemical course has recently been established and of- fered by the College. The following subjects are included in this course of study : Chemistry. Mathematics. English. French. German. Phvsiology. Botany. Zoology. Physics. Mental Philosophy and Eogic. History and Political Economy. Geology. 30 A. AND M. COIvIvEGE OF KENTUCKY. So that, while this course of study has for its object thorough training in chemistry, it affords the students a good liberal edu- cation as well. Instruction in chemistry proper includes the following subjects: Lectures and recitations on the chemistry of the non-metals. Laboratory work on the non-metals. Qualitative and quantitative and analysis. Lectures on theoretical, organic and physical chemistry. Laboratory work in organic chemistry. • Advanced laboratory work — chemical research. Laboratory work in physical chemistry. Lectures on current chemical literature. ENROLLMENT. During the collegiate year 1895-96 one hundred and two ( 102) students received instruction in this department of the College, and during the year 1896-97 one hundred and three (103) were enrolled in this department. Sixty-five (65) students are pursuing studies in chemistry during the present term. Eleven (ii) students are regularly matriculated in the chemical course, and there is every indication at present that the present year will prove the most successful, both in point of numbers and in work done, of any in the history of the depart- ment. RESULTS. It has been the aim of the department to make chemical study as thorough and as advantageous and interesting to the student as possible. The results of this policy, as measured by 'the number of students, regular and special, who have taken work in chemistry, and as measured also by the number of those among the students of the department who have afterwards taken high rank in some of our greatest universities and medical colleges, have been encouraging to a high degree. The ultimate success of any school of natural science, how-^ ever, it is not to be measured by these standards alone, but alsa A. AND M. COLLEGE OF KENTUCKY. 31 by its original contributions to the thought and literature of which it is an exponent. The aim, therefore, has been, and is, to make the Chemical Department, not only a school of instruc- tion in the several branches of chemistry, but a center of chemi- cal thought as well. With what success this idea has been car- ried out may be judged of by the fact that, during the last two years, the department has made the following contributions to chemical science: A NEW Re- Agent for Bromine and Iodine, Preliminary Notice Concerning the Halogen Derivatives OF THE SULPHONAMIDES.” By J. H. Kastle. “On the Preparation of Hydrobromic and Hydriodic Acid.” By J. H. Kastle and J. H. Bullock. “ On THE Halogen Derivatives of the Sulphonamides.” By J. H. Kastle, B. C. Kiser and Ernest Bradley. “ On the Effect of Light on the Displacement of Bro- mine and Iodine from Organic Bromides and Iodides.” By J. H. Kastle and W. A. Beatty. “ On the Analogies in Composition of the Salts of Cal- cium, Strontium and Barium.” . By J. H. Kastle. “A Simple Test from the Halogens in Organic Halides.” By J. H. Kastle and W. A. Beatty. The above papers were published in the American Chemical Journal for 1895, '96 and ’97, and the last article on “A Simple Test for the Halogens in Organic Halides ” was republished in full the London Chemical News without request of the authors. Further, an article on “The Decomposition of the Sulphonic Ethers by Water, Acids and Salts,” by J. H. Kastle, Paul Mur- rill and J. C. W. Frazer, will appear in the December number of 32 A. AND M. COLLEGE OF KENTUCKY. the American Chemical Journal for 1897; another paper on “The Phosphatic Chert of the Trenton Formation,” by J. H. Kastle, Geo. Sullivan and J. C. W. Frazer, is now in prepara- tion. These investigations represent the advanced work which is being done in the department. Apart from their scientific value, they indicate that something more is being done here in chemis- try than merely teaching the rudiments of the science ; and they are fast winning for the department and the college a favorable recognition among the greater schools of this country. All the more is this true, in that no such work has ever been attempted in any of the other colleges of our Commonwealth. NEEDS. During the present term the chemical laboratories have been crowded to their utmost capacity and large facilities in this di- rection are needed and will soon be imperative. A building for Chemistry and Physics is one of the immediate necessities for the expansion and development of these two great branches of Natural Science. Secondly, greater library facilities are needed. You are doubtless aware that it is almost impossible to do anything in advanced chemistry either in the way of instruction or of chem- ical researches without the aid of a well equipped library, and while the library of the Experiment Station has been placed at the disposal of the instructor and students of the department, through the kindness of the Director, Prof. M. A. Scovell, there is still much that is needed along this line. Five hundred or a thousand dollars could well be expended in the way of supple- menting and enlarging on the chemical literature already ac- cumulated, thereby increasing its usefulness both to the Experi' ment Station and to the department. Yours respectfully, J. H. Kastle, Prof, of Chemistry . DEPARTriENT OF ENGLISH. Lexington, Ky., December i, 1897. President James K. Patterson^ State College of Kentucky ^ Lexingtoyi^ Ky.\ Dear Sir: In compliance with your request, I submit to you the following statement concerning the Department of Eng- lish in the State College of Kentucky. The number of student enrolled in my classes, exclusive of the Academy, was for The Collegiate year 1895-6 1896-7 Freshman • 55 Freshman ...67 Junior . 1 1 Junior . . . 14 Sf nior. .' . 19 Senior . . . 17 Normal • 36 Normal . . . 23 Total .121 Total . . . 121 Since the beginning of the current year the number of stu- dents enrolled in my classes is as follows: Freshman 104 Junior 16 Senior 17 v Special 6 Total 143 This number will be largely increased after the Christmas holidays by the addition of the Normal Class and other students who will matriculate at the beginning of the second term of the collegiate session. The total number of students enrolled in my classes during the session of 1897-8 will probably amount to 175, being an increase of at least 50 over the two preceding sessions. The Freshman course consists in studies of masterpieces of English literature selected from Shakespeare, Milton, Burke, 84 A. AND M. COLIvEGE OF KENTUCKY. Bacon, Emerson, Longfellow, Webster and other great writers, English and American. In addition to this course of study, frequent exercises in English composition are required from each member of this class. The Junior course consists in the study of the history of English Literature during the first term and the study of ad- vanced Rhetoric during the second term. The senior Class pursues a course in Mental Philosphy and Ethics and Logic. The course in logic embraces both Deduc- tive and Inductive Logic-Logic as an abstract Science and Logic as an Art of Discovery. The Normal Class pursues a course in the History ot English and American Literatue. It has been organized to meet the special wants of the young men and women who matriculate in the Normal Department. Respectfully, John Shackleford. SCHOOL OF HATHEMATICS. Lexington, Ky., November 27, 1897. President James K. Patterson, State College of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky.: Dear Sir: In response to your request for a report of the work done in the School of Mathematics of this College during the sessions of 1895*6 and 1896-7, I'beg to reply as follows: During the session 1895-6 instruction was furnished in Fresh- man (Plane) Geometry to 55 pupils, in Freshman Algebra to 48, in Freshman Trigonometry to 45. The Sophomore class in Solid Geometry numbered 29 and in Analytical Geometry 29. In the Junior Calculus class there were 13 pupils and in the Senior (Astronomy) class 17. During the session 1896-7 the classes were somewhat larger, the Freshman class having students as follows; Plane Geome- try 67, Algebra 66, Trigonometry 60. The Sophomore had 29 in Solid Gec^metry and 31 in Analytical Geometry. The Cal- culus class numbered 14 and the Astronomy 27. The Freshman class recited in two sections, Mr. J. R. Johnson of the Mechanical Engineering Department having given me efficient assistance. Members of the Freshman class ought to have individual, personal attention daily, but this is impossible when the sections have from 25 to 30 pupils each as they have had in my classes for the past few years. I believe however that my pupils have done as good work as could be expected considering the crowded condition of my Freshman classes. I hope the Trustees will soon furnish me with sufficient assistance to enable me to so section the Freshman classes that eyery student may haye personal at- tention daily. The healthy increase in numbers for the session 1896-7 oyer the enrollment for the session 1895-6, has continued into the 35 36 A. AND M. COLLEGE OF KENTUCKY. present session, the Freshman Geometry class now numbering 94 and the Solid Geometry 44. The enrollment in Freshman class for the present session is 70 per cent, more than it was two years ago. Respectfully yours, • jAs. G. White, Prof, of Mathematics. 4 MAIN BUII.DING. CLASSICS. Lexington, Ky. President James K. Patterson^ State College of Kentucky^ Lexington^ Ky.: Sir — As Dean of the Classical Faculty of the State College of Kentucky, I have, in reply to your request, to report the num- ber of students preparing for the classical degree of A. B. to have been 45 for the session of 1895-6 ; 62 for that of 1896-7 ; and to be 52 to December ist., of the session of 1897-8. As Professor of Greek and Latin and acting Professor of His- tory, I hav^e further to report the following numbers of students in all departments of the College who have pursued those studies during the same sessions : Students in Latin “ “ Greek. . . “ “ History. 1895-6 1896-7 1897-8 116 106 82 24 19 13 25 27 20 If the experience of former sessions is to be repeated, a con- siderable addition to the numbers of the present session may be expected during the next term. Very respectfully, (Signed) John H. Neville. Dean of the Classical Faculty, Professor of Greek and Lathi, and acting Professor of History. 87 nODERN LANGUAGES. Lexington, Ky., Dec. i, 1897. Preside7it James K. Pattei'son, State College oj Kentucky, Lexington, Ky.: Dear Sir: Complying with your request I beg to submit this report on the work of the Department of Modern Languages. CLASSES AND ENROLLMENT. The elementary classes in French and German had, during the past two years, an enrollment of 25 to 30 and 35 to 40 stu- dents respectively. The second year French class was attended by 8 to 10; the second year German by 15 to 20 students. Be- sides the above studies, which form part of the required work of several courses, the following elective ones were offered: Scientific German taken by post-graduates as a minor study. Colloquial German, taken by several seniors. Advanced German including an essay (thesis), as a gradu- ate major study. Courses in French corresponding to these. Elementary and Advanced Spanish (abont 6 seniors and graduates.) Elements of Italian. It is further contemplated to offer at least an elementary course in German to students of Mechanical and Civil Engineer- ing. EFFICIENCY AND NEEDS OF THE DEPARTMENT. Instiuction in all Classes of this Department consists of grammatical drill, reading and conversational exercises. The latter are taken up in the very first lessons and are more apt than any other feature of our methods to keep the students’ in- terest alive. Unfortunately, however, our beginners classes — .38 A. AND M. COLLEGE OF KENTUCKY. in which conversation is necessarly slow — are growing too large to permit of this method being turned to the best advantage. It would be highly desirable if the College could command the services of another instructor who speaks German and French fluently. In view of the many demands of this Department stated above, and the fact that a number of additiona.1 courses ought to be offered to those who select one of the Modern Lan- guages as their major study, such an instructor would find his time fully occupied. A further need and a very urgent one, is that of a good De- partment Library, without which it is just as impossible to do advanced work in foreign literature, as it is to work in Physics or Chemistry without a laboratory. The recognition on the part of the College of post-graduate work leading to the master’s degree has made us feel the need more seriously than ever. Hoping that the ever increasing interest taken in modern languages in this country will enable you to obtain the appro- priations necessary to make this Department as efficient as it should be, I remain. Yours very respectfully, (Signed) Paul Wernicke, Prof, of Modern Languages. SCIENTIFIC COURSES. Lexington, Ky., December i, 1897. President James K. Patterson^ State College of Kentucky , Lexington^ Ky.\ Dear Sir — As Dean of the Scientific Course of Study in this College, I submit to you the following report regarding the enrollment of students and the work done during the sessions 1896 and 1896-7. The enrollment for the session 1895-6, exclusive of Academy students was 44, and for the session 1896-7 was 54. Thus far in the present session 68 have matriculated for scientific work. Thus you see this]Department is having a healthy growth from year to year. We have three Scientific Courses leading to the degree of Bachelor of Science. The object of one of these is to furnish a general scientific education and embraces a liberal amount of English, French, German, Mathematics, Physiology, Botany, Physics, Chemistry, Geology, Palaeontology, Mineralogy, Zool- ogy, History, Mental Philosophy, Logic and Astronomy. The object of a second course is to furnish special facilities for the study of Chemistry. Prof. Kastle’s report sets forth the nature of our equipment in this field of labor and also the charac- ter of the work being done by himself and his pupils. In the third course biological studies predominates. The re- ports of the various professors in charge of Chemistry, Botany, Zoology, Physiology, etc., which they will submit to you, set forth briefly but correctly the conditions of their departments. The superior character of the work being done by some of our scientific professors is now attracting thoughtful and diligent 40 A. AND M. CODIvEGE OF KENTUCKY. 41 students, and with the increased facilities for good work which will be furnished by our new Natural History building, now nearing completion, I feel that our outlook for scientific work is bright. Respectfully yours, (Signed) James G. White. THE DEPARTMENT OF PEDAGOGY, Kentucky State Coeeege, \ Lexington, Ky., December 2, 1897. J President Janies K. Patterson, State College of Kentucky, Lexhigton, Ky.: Sir : — I herewith submit to you my report for the years 1895-6, 1896-7, and the first three months of the current year : STATI STiCS — 1 895 =6 Number of applicants for admission to the department during first term. 45 Number matriculated during the first term : 40 Number of male matriculates 17 Number of female matriculates 2B 'Number of applicants during the second term 76 Number matriculated during the second term 73 Number of male matriculates . . . 51 Number female matriculates 22 Total number of applicants during the year 121 Total number matriculates during the year 113 Total number of males 68 Total number of females 45 Number in the four-years Professional Course 21 Number in the State Certificate Course 27 Number in the State Diploma Course 4 Number in the County Certificate Course • 55 STATISTICS. 1896-7. Number of applicants for admission to the department before the holi- days 54 Number of pupils matriculated before the holidays 48 Number of applicants for admission after the holidays 69 Number of pupils matriculated after the holidays. 64 Total number of applicants during the year 123 Total number of matriculates 112 Total number of males 63 Total number of female matriculates 49 42 VIEW OF CAMPUvS. A. AND M. COIvDEGE OF itENTUCKY. 4)} Total number in the four-years Professional Course 17 Total number in the State Certificate Course Total number in the County Certificate Course 01 Total number taking special unclassified work 5 CLASSES Taught During the First Half=year (1896=7) with Number of Pupils in Each. Elementary Grammar for teachers 10 Advanced Grammar for teachers 24 Geography for teachers 0 Drill in Phonetics and Orthography — once a week 40 Forensic Drill — once a week 15 General departmental discussion — once a week • 40 Beginning Arithmetic for teachers 7 Advanced Arithmetic for teachers 25 Begining Algebra for teachers 13 Advanced Algebra for teachers 14 United States History 20 Drill in penmanship — once a week 40 CLASSES Taught During the Second Half=year, with Number of Pupils in Each. Educational Psychology 25 History of Education. . > 4 Advanced Grammar for teachers — 10 weeks • 19 Composition — 10 weeks 22 Pedagogy drill — 10 weeks 24 Drill class in Grammar for teachers — 10 week — twice a week 20 Drill class in Composition for teachers — 10 weeks — three times a week 12 Second ten weeks’ Pedagogy drill 38 Advanced Arithmetic for teachers 18 Civics- -10 weeks 30 Civics — second 10 weeks 24 United States History — 10 weeks 23 Advanced Algebra for teachers 15 Beginning Algebra 30 Higher Algebra for teachers 39 Beginning Arithmetic 20 Kentucky History — 10 weeks. 41 Geography — 10 weeks 44 A. AND M. college: OF KENTUCKY. Physiology— first 10 weeks 25 Physiology — second 10 weeks 6 English literature 25 Plane Geometry 6 EXPLANATORY. The County Certificate Course^ which includes a review of all the common school branches and a thorough drill in the the- ory and practice of teaching, and the object of which is to pre- pare students for passing successfully a county examination. The State Certificate Course, which includes the four ad- vanced branches of English literature, higher arithmetic, psy- chology and algebra. The State Diploma Course, which includes, in addition to the four branches just mentioned, elementary physics, elementary Latin and plane geometry. The Professio7ial Course leads to the professional degree of Bachelor of Pedagogy. This course is almost identical with the Scientific Course, except that Latin and pedagogy have been substituted for the modern languages other than English. It will be seen that these courses provide for the thorough preparation of teachers, and those who look forward to teaching, according to the laws recently passed, affording teachers in the State wider opportunities in the matter of the certification. - It is hoped that the Normal Department may be able to provide for the thorough training of the State’s teachers in everything that the State requires to be taught in the public schools. In the courses, as laid down, a student can fit himself or herself for securing any grade of certificate, from the lowest grade county certificate to a State diploma; and in addition, in the four years’ professional course, can prepare for teaching in any grade of High School or College. It is hoped that every means may be used to bring the work of this department to the attention of all young men and women over the State that are wanting to fit themselves for the high service of teaching. A. AND M. COLLEGE OF KENTUCKY. 45 FIRST THREE MONTHS OF 1897=8. Number of applications for admission to Department to date 54 Number of pupils matriculated to date 48 Number of males 19 Number of females . 29 Number matriculated in the four-years college professional course 12 Number matriculated in the county certificate course 31 Number matriculated in special work 5 Number in teacher’s grammar 30 Number in teacher’s geography 13 Number in teacher’s physiology 11 Number in United States history 29 Number in teacher’s advanced arithemetic 29 Nnmber in teacher’s advanced algebra 9 Number in teacher’s beginning algebra 3 Number in methodology 3 Respectfully submitted, R. N. Roark, Deaii. CIVIL ENGINEERING. Lexington, Ky. , Dec. i, 1897. President James K. Patterson, State College of Kentucky, Lexington, KyS^ Dear Sir: I have the honor of submitting to you a state- ment of the present condition of the School of Civil Engineering in the State College of Kentucky. For reasons which need not be here recounted, a change in management of this department was made at the beginning of the current school year, and hence no detailed description of methods and results of the last two years can be given. The enrollment in the School of Civil Engineering this year is twenty-one (21) as follows: Senior Class, one (i); Junior Class, four (4); Sophomore Class, four (4), and Freshman Class, twelve (12). Of this number sixteen are pursuing studies in this department this year for the first time. Instruction is also given to students of the School of Mechanical Engineering, to the number of forty-one (41), in Hydraulics, Graphic Statics, Analytical Mechanics and Surveying. The School of Civil Engineering occupies the scond floor of Mechanical Hall and has in its equipment of field instruments : One plane-table (by Kruffel and Esser), one level (by Gurley), one compass (by Gurley), one solar attachment to the transit (by Saegmuller) , one transit (by Heller and Brightley), on tran- sit (by Ware), one transit (by Kruffel and Esser) and one transit (by Buff and Berger), the last three having been procured since September last ; besides the minor assessories of a survey- ing outfit for a class of about fifteen. The drafting rooms have a supply of drawing boards, T-squares, verniers, protractors, com- puting machines and other necessities commensurate with the present needs. 40 A. AND M. COLLEGE OF KENTUCKY. 47 It is proposed to give students in this school a broad founda- tion of knowledge of the principles upon which a civil engineer- ing education must depend, and enough of skill in the use of drafting and field instruments to prepare the graduate for imme- diate usefulness as an assistant engineer. If the attendance in the immediate future be a confirmation of present indications, the space now avaliable for this school will be entirely inadequate to the demands upon it, and there seems to be no doubt that in one or two years the necessity for an addition to the present quarters will be imperative. The faculty of the School of Civil Engineering is given below : History and Political Economy . . Civil Engineering English Language and Literature Military Science. . Chemistry Mathematics and Astronomy Mechanical Engineering. Geology. ........... Physics Descriptive Geometry Electrical Engineering President Patterson Professor Brooks, Dean Professor Shackleford Captain Sweigert Professor Kastle Professor White Professor Anderson Professor Miller Professor Pence Assistant Professor Wells Assistant Professor Sturtevant Yours respectfully, John P. Brooks, Dean of the School of Civil Engineering MECHANICAL ENGINEERING. Lexington, Ky., December 4, 1897. President James K. Patterson^ State College of KenUicky^ Lexington, Ky.: My Dear Sir : In compliance with your request I have the honor to herewith submit to you a report of the Department of Mechanical Engineering, of the State College of Kentucky, for the two years ending June, 1897, together with a brief out- line of the improvements made during the beginning of the school year 1897-98. Very respectfully, F. Paul Anderson. K REPORT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF HECHANICAL ENGINEERING DURING THE YEARS 1895=96 AND iSpd-p?- Ever since the establishment of the Department of Mechani- cal Engineering, June, 1891, there has been a very marked in- crease in the number of matriculates pursuing this special line of technical work. During the year 1895-96 instruction was given to thirty-six matriculates in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, in the College proper, distributed as follows: Four Seniors, twelve Juniors, ten Sophomores and ten Freshmen. In June, 1896, we graduated four men, with thesis as follows: “Design of a Triple Expansion Marine Engine,” by D. M. Case; “Design of a Cross Compound Vertical Engine,” by H. Orman ; “ Design of a Pair of Locomotive Cylinders and Steph- enson’s Valve Gear,” by E. C. McDowell,” and “ The Design of an Automatic Friction Brake for Westinghouse Compound En- gine and Complete Set of Efficiency Tests of Westinghouse Compound Engine” by J. I. Lyle. 48 MECHANICAI. HAEE. j '*1 7 J ■Mi iv -. '-' -*•» ENTRANCE TO MECHANICAE HAEE. MACHINE vSHOP ANNEX — MECHANICAL HALE. w I vSKNIOR DRAWING ROOM — MECHANICAL ENGINEERING. EXPERIMENTAL LABORATORY — MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, K-- c - y;'; r MACHINE SHOP — MECHANICAL ENGINEERING. FORGE SHOP — MECHANICAL ENGINEERING. FOUNDRY— MECHANICAL ENGINEERING. WOOD SHOP— MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, A. AND M. COLLEGE OF KENTUCKY. 49 Twenty-five students from other courses of study were in- structed in Drawing, three matriculates in the Civil Engineering course and four special students were given instruction i^n the department, making a total of eighty-five students instructed in technical work. During the year 1896-97 fifty students matriculated in the Departments of Mechanical Engineering, distributed as follows; Eight Seniors, eight Juniors, twelve Sophomores and twenty- two Freshmen. In June 1897 we graduated eight men from the department, ' with thesis as follows : “ The Design of an Ice Plant,” by T. C. Kelly; ” The Design of a Surface Condenser, for the Hamilton- Corliss Engine, Running the Shops,” by S. A. Bullock; ‘‘The Comparative Study of Compound Locomotives on American and Continental Railways,” by G. F. Blessing; ‘‘An Experimental Study of the Holding Power of Wood Screws,” by W. A. Dun- can ; ‘‘The Design of a Boiler Feed Pump, with New Valve Gear,” by W. H. Collier; ‘‘The Design of a Modern Boiler Plant of 1,000 Horse Power Capacity,” by B. W. Duck; ‘‘The Design of a Five-hundred Pound Steam Hammer,” by H. C. Anderson; ‘‘The Design of a Five-horse Power Gas Engine,” by S. C. DeBow. WORK ACCOMPLISHED IN SHOPS. During the years 1895-6 and 1896-7, the following pieces were constructed in the shops: One sensitive drill, four speed lathes and the running gear of a locomotive (one-half size), mounted on a base for experimental purposes. All these de- signs were made by students. SUCCESS OF GRADUATES. With the exception of one, every graduate from the Mechan- ical Engineering Department since 1891, is holding a responsible position in mechanical engineering work, and they have shown themselves capable of competing with graduates from the best technical schools in this country. 50 .A. AND M. COLLEGE OF KENTUCKY. A BRIEF OUTLINE OF THE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DE- PARTMENT. The Faculty of Instruction is as follows : James K. Patterson, Ph. D., President, Professor of History, Political Economy and Metaphysics. P'. Paul Anderson, M. E. , Dean, Professor of Mechanical Engineering. John Shackleford, A. M., Professor of English and Logic. James G. White, A. M., Professor of Mathematics, and As- tronomy. J. H. Kastle, Ph. D., Professor of Chemistry. J. P. Brooks, C. E., Professor of Civil Engineering. M. L. Pence, M. S., Professor of Physics. S. M. Swigert, Captain Second Cavalry U. S. A., Com- mandant. James H. Wells, M. E,, Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering. Chas. R.'Sturdevant, M. E. , Assistant Professor of Electrical Engineering. J. R. Johnson, B. M. E. , Assistant in Shop-work and Drawing. S. S. DeBow, B. M. E. , Assistant in Experimental Engineer- ing Laboratory. Joseph Dicker, Assistant in Foundry and Forge Shop. J. E. Saunders, Engineer and Assistant in Wood Shop. The department is one of the most self-contained departments in the institution, most of the studies in it being pursued only by matriculates in the Mechanical Engineering Course. These studies are distributed through the four collegiate years. The method of instruction is both diadactic and practical, the class- room work, to which the morning hours are devoted, illustrat- ing the latter method. Technical Instruction^ consisting of lectures, accompanied by recitations, on the form and use of tools and machinery, on all processes connected with the making of castings, on forging, and finally on modern machine shop practice, is given contin- uously during the first two years of the course. A. AND M. COLDEGE OF KENTUCKY. Mechanical Drawing. — A study extending through the whole four years’ course, involves the free-hand sketching and the drawing to scale of models, machines, etc., practice in tinting and shading, and finally the working out of complete designs of machines. In the shop work, carried on in the afternoon during the freshman and sophomore years, the student is first introduced to the wood shop, where, by a series of graded exercises in bench- work, wood turning and pattern making, he gains facility in the use,of tools, and a certain degree of accuracy in construction. Thence he is transferred to the foundry, where he is given practice in the various operations of molding, core making, and the melting of iron and brass. Work in the forge shop follows, with its exercises in iron and steel forging ; and, finally, with skill and accuracy improved by preceding practice, he is placed in the machine shop and intrusted to the conduct of operations in screw cutting, turning, drilling, planing and the milling of iron and steel, which give a high degree of mechani- cal skill and constructive precision. hi Descriptive Geometry, a Sophomore study, the student is trained to represent graphically in space, points, lines, surfaces, and solids, and all combinations resulting therefrom. Kinematics, in the Junior Year, is a study of “velocity ratios’’ and the various mechanical devices involved in design- ing trains of mechanism. Metallurgy , a chemical discussion of useful metals. In Strength of Materiah, a Junior study, the student is given both a theoretical and practical knowledge of the behavior of materials under stress. Nine subjects engage the attention of the Mechanical En- gineering student during his Senior Year. These are : Ther- modynamics, Steam Boilers, Valve Gearing, Engine and Ma- chine Designing, Experimental Engineering, Photography, 52 A. AND M. CODDEGE OF KENTUCKY. Dynamo Electric Machinery, Dynamometers, and Measurement of Power, and finally Thesis Work. The nature of most of these may be inferred from the names, but for a fuller description of these and like technical studies, reference is made to the catalogue. The Thesis Work only need be touched upon here. The presentation of a satisfactory thesis upon some mechanical en- gineering subject is a final requisite for obtaining the degree of B. M. E. from the State College, This thesis is upon a subject assigned by the Professor of Mechanical Engineering, and must possess features of originalit}^ EQUIPriENT AND FACILITIES. These are superior to anything in this line south of the Ohio river. The accompanying illustrations, showing exterior and interior views of Mechanical Hall, speak for themselves. But an enumeration of rooms and a brief description of equip- ment may not be superfluous. The building contains three recitation rooms, two drawing rooms, three offices, a wood pattern shop, two boiler rooms, wash room, tool room, engine room, two machine shops, blacksmith shop, foundry and two large rooms devoted to experimental engineering. A first class technical library is at the disposal of the students. The Drawing Rooms are well supplied with the drawing ap- paratus and tables necessary to accommodate one. hundred students. The Engine\Room contains a lo-inch by 24-inch Hamilton- Corliss non-condensing engine, which applies the motive power for all the work shops. The Wood Shop contains twenty benches, each with a com- plete set of wood-working tools for individual student use ; be- sides a complete general equipment of wood-working machines. The Foimdry contains two furnaces, one for iron and the A. AND M. COLLEGE OF KENTUCKY. 5:} other for brass, with all the accompanying moulding equipment necessary for the making of large and small castings. \ The Blacksmith Shop is fitted with forges, anvils, vises, black- smith tools, emery grinder, steel blower and povyer spring ham- mer. (The latter designed and made by students.) The Machme Shop contains lathes, milling machines, shapers, drills, planers, grinders, and all the other machines and appara- tus for cutting, drilling, and shaping of metal. The Experimental Laboratory , the latest superb addition to this department, is supplied with steam engines, dynamos, motors, testing machines, and all the accompanying steam-en- gine indicators, brakes, gauges, planimeters, calorimeters, pyro- meters, cement samples, sieves, and other instruments and ap- paratus necessary for discussing, practically, problems relative to Steam and Klectrical Engineering. The Tool Room is equipped with a fine assortment of superior tools for work in iron, steel, brass, and wood; and contains such stock and supplies as may be used in the constructions in the mechanical laboratories. The Wash-room contains lockers for 100 students, and is sup- plied with marble basins. The Boiler Houses contain, respectively, a fifty-one horse- power Babcock & Wilcox water-tube boiler, a Dean Bros’ No. 3 steam pump, and a fifty-five horse-power tubular boiler, and a Davidson No. 3 steam-pump. OBJECTS OF THE COURSE The course in Mechanical Engineering is largely a technical one, although every effort is made to give the students in this line of work a liberal education. The prime object is to prepare young men for positions of responsibility and trust in mechanical en- gineering work. With this end in view the training given is both theoretical and practical. The course involves three sep- arate lines of work: 54 A. AND M. COIvIvEGE OF KENTUCKY. 1. Mechanical Engineer mg — The object of which is to fit men to be operators and designers of steam machinery. 2. Chemical Engineering . — Intended especially to give the knowledge requisite for the successful operation of iron and steel plants, and the analysis of iron, steel, coal, and refractory sub- stances. 3. Electrical Engineering . — In which the theory, design, building, and operation of dynamos and motors are predom- inant. These three lines of work are in the nature of elective sub- courses, some one of which the student elects to pursue after the Sophomore Year — and all lead to the same degree — that of B. M. E. THE OUTLOOK FOR 1897=8. Extensive additions are being made to the department, along the line of Electrical Engineering. The building formerly used for Veterinary Science has been set aside for Photorqetric and Magnetic work. Professor C. R. Sturdevant has been added to the teaching force and will devote his energy to the development of the Elec- trical Engineering side of the course. At the beginning of the fall term sixty-five students matricu- lated in the Mechanical Engineering course, distributed as fol- lows: Post-Graduates, one; Seniors, six; Juniors, eight; Sopho- mores, twenty-four: Freshmen, twenty-five. From the steady increase since the establishment of the de- partment we can reach no other conclusion than that the instruc- tion in Mechanical Engineering is one of the most important features of the State College work. RECO/Vl/VlEI\DATiON 5 . I respectfully present the following recommendations for the consideration of the Board of Trustees: First, That a liberal appropriation be made for Electrical Engineering equipment. A. AND M. COLLEGE OF KENTUCKY. 55 This line of work is one of the most important fields of en- gineering, and I am very anxious to see the State College of Kentucky equipped in such a manner that our Kentucky boys can get as thorough a training in this technical course as can be gotten in any school in the country. Second, That money be appropriated for a new building, to be used by the Mechanical, Electrical and Civil Engineering courses. Our present building is taxed to the utmost, and we are very much in need of more room. Our attendance has in- creased so steadily, that I believe it is safe to assume that our numbers will continue to increase, and that money put into the engineering courses will be economically expended. We consider the engineering courses of paramount impor- tance in the State College of Kentucky, and feel that these courses will do more for the material development of the State than can be estimated. Respectfully submitted, F. Paul Anderson, Dean of the Sehool of Meehanical Engmeeri^ig. MILITARY DEPARTMENT. Lexington, Ky., December 6, 1897. Pres. James K. Pattei^sofi, A. & 31. College Kentucky., Lexhigto^i, Ky. Dear Sir: I have the honor to submit the following report of the Military Department of the A. & M. College. Weather permitting, there has been a daily drill five times per week; during the winter, lectures were delivered on Military subjects; all students attending. The cadet battalion consists of four companies of infantry, an artillery detachment and a signal detachment, the latter com- posed of those students who are unable from physical disability to perform the full duties of a soldier. The attendance this year is the largest since I have been on duty at the College. Very respectfully, (Signed) S. M. SwiGERT, Captain Second Calvary, U. A. A. 56 ARTII.LERV. BATTALION, A.& n. COLLEGE. Lexington, Ky., November 30, 1897. President James K. Patterson^ State College of Kentucky ^ Lexington^ Ky.: Dear Sir — In compliance with your request, I have the honor to submit the following report of the Academy for the two scholastic years, 1895-96 and 1896 - 97 . Matriculation for 1805-96 1896-07 Number matriculated 95 88 “ of males 72 68 “ “ females 22 20 “ “ former matriculates 26 84 “ “ new “ 69 54 “ “ counties in this State represented 34 88 “ “ students from the city 26 19 “ “ “ “ Fayette county 21 17 “ “ “ “ other parts of the State 48 48 “ “ “ “ other States . 5 4 ‘‘ “ “ present at the final examination . . 72 67 Classification for 1895-96 1896-97 Number of first year students 66 47 “ “ second year students 29 41 “ “ scientific students 44 41 “ “ classic students 24 27 “ “ mechanical engineering students. 19 12 “ “ civil engineering students 5 5 “ “ normal students 1 2 “ “ agricultural students 1 1 “ “ veterinary students 1 In 1896-97 eight Academy students had each two College classes ; seven Normal and twenty-two College students had each one Academy class. The instruction, therefore, given in the Academy was : Number of students taught in four daily classes .80 “ “ “ “ two daily classes 8 “ “ “ “ one daily class ...29 57 58 A. AND M. college: OF KENTUCKY. The following tabular statements show in concise form the classes taught by each instructor and the results obtained: 1890-96 Classes. o ■ If 2; a Q bo 4j (U > -- Instructor. English Grammar . . 1st Year History. . , . 1st Year Algebra. . . . 1st Year Arithmetic 28 20 18 18 19.5 19.3 14^8 19 18 12 15 If) W. K. Patterson. 1st term. Rhetoric Latin Grammar Anabasis and Greek Grammar. 1st Year Arithmetic 1st Year Algebra 21 3 6 24 23 16.9 2.4 5.0 18.9 18.3 12 1 3 8 9 J. Lewis Logan. Geography 1st Year History . . . . 1st Year Arithmetic . 2nd Year Arithmetic 1st Year Algebra . . . 20 25 22 20 28 18 16.5 23.6 18.3 16.1 25.0 16.0 13 24 14 15 25 16 8 18 7 8 17 15 J. Morton Davis. 2nd term. English Grammar. . . 2nd Year Algebra. . . . Physical Geography. General History 1st Year Algebra 23 26 19 16 21 18.4 20.7 15.5 14.6 16.3 15 20 15 15 15 11 13 13 13 V. E. Muncy. Greek Grammar . Latin Grammar. . Caesar and Virgil 4 15 8 R. L. Blanton. Elementary Physics 1 21 I 19.6 I 19 I 16 M. L. Pence. Geography 16 14.8 1 15 15 j R. N. Roark. i Shop Work. J. R. Johnson. The Geography and History taught by Prof. Davis formed one class ; the Geography taught by Prof. Roark the first term and the History taught by me the second term formed one A. AND M. COLLEGE OF KENTUCKY. oO class; the Physical Geography and the General History formed one class; the Second Year Arithmetic and the Elementary Physics formed one class; and the Algebra taught by me the first term was the same as that taught by Professor Davis the second term. Geography and United States History formed one class; Phy- sical Geography and General History, one; the two Second Year Arithmetic classes and the two Physics classes formed two'classes, the one having Arithmetic the first term and Physics the second, the other. Physics the first term and Arithmetic the second. 189(5-97 Classes Number of Terms Taught. "3 (LI "o W rt o H Average Daily At- ttndtince. ^3 d) a B «: lyi PC i_