1*1 Wl I ■ zmmWmM |npppg^ COMMERCE OF LATIN AMERICA A BRIEF STATISTICAL REVIEW PREPARED AND PUBLISHED BY THE PHILADELPHIA COMMERCIAL MUSEUM 1903 ■HR Iglitlg SI1P1 llliS imSm t?i|w wdmMiWi ■ ■■: , Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2017 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Alternates https://archive.org/details/commerceoflatinaOOcomm COMMERCE OF LATIN AMERICA A BRIEF STATISTICAL REVIEW PREPARED AND PUBLISHED BY THE PHILADELPHIA COMMERCIAL MUSEUM 19 0 3 FROM PRESIDENT MeKINLEY’S ADDRESS AT THE OPENING OF THE COMMERCIAL MUSEUM IN 1897. “The purpose of the Philadelphia Commercial Museum is to aid in the development of commercial and in- dustrial prosperity. No worthier cause can engage our energies.” P 53e-D The following tables and charts give, in a convenient form for ready reference, the progress and present condition of the foreign trade of Latin American countries. The official statistics of the several countries have been used whenever available. The information obtained from these has been supplemented, where necessary, by the use of the Consular reports of the United States, Great Britain, Germany and France and the statistical publications of the Bureau of Statistics, of the Treasury Department of the United States and the Bulletins of the Bureau of the American Republics. Latin America has nearly four-fifths as much population as the United States, and yet its foreign trade is only a little more than half as great. In 1901 the value of the imports was $504,000,000, and that of the exports $752,000,000. About two-thirds of this trade was with South Americefl countries. Since 1887 the exports of South American countries have increased fifty per cent, and the imports have decreased eight per cent. ; most of this increase, and all of the decrease, is found in the trade of Argentina and Brazil. In North America there has been an increase in the value of both imports and exports; this is due, mainly, to the increase in the imports into Mexico and Cuba, and in the exports from Mexico. The United States buys more of the products of Brazil than Great Britain, France and Germany combined; yet Brazil imports two and a half times as much from Great Britain as from the United States. The leading exports of Brazil are coffee, rubber and sugar, and of these the United States buys nearly one-half. Argentina is the only South American country whose products compete with those of the United States in the markets of the world; naturally most of its exports are sold to Europe. Wool is the leading product, and is sent mainly to the continent of Europe. Hides and skins, maize, wheat and flax are the other leading prod- ucts. About one-fifth of the hides and skins are sold to the United States. Over two-thirds of the exports of Chile consist of nitrate of soda, which is sold almost entirely to Europe — only one-eighth of it being exported to the United States. Eighty per cent, of the exports of South America is from these three countries. 6 The exports of Mexico consist chiefly of precious metals and henequen; the latter is sold mainly to the United States. The ex- ports from Cuba are chiefly sugar and tobacco, the United States purchasing nearly all of the sugar and most of the tobacco. Seventy per cent, of the exports of Latin North America are from these two countries. The imports into Latin America are largely manufactured prod- ucts. In 1902 three-fourths of the imports from the United States into South America consisted of this class of goods, and the re- maining fourth included flour and meat products, sometimes con- sidered as manufactures. The United States ranks second in the import trade of Latin America, having only about one-fourth of it. England ranks first. Only about one-eighth of the imports into South America are from the United States. It is desirable that the United States should secure a larger share of this trade. In order to accomplish this, more direct steam- ship lines to the leading ports are needed, and, also, banking houses in the leading cities of Latin America, controlled by United Ssates capital. Salesmen from the United States should be familiar with the language of the country in which they desire to sell their goods. The increased study of Spanish in our schools will greatly facilitate this. A more intimate knowledge of, and a disposition to cater to, the needs, and even the whims, as we may call them, of the people with whom we desire to do business, would greatly increase our trade. This can be aided greatly by the dissemination of informa- tion in regard to the business customs and the habits of the people of these countries. This is one of the features of the work of the Philadelphia Commercial Museum. The leading imports from and exports into the several countries, and also those from and to the United States are given in separate tables, and from these a fair idea of the character of their trade can be obtained. The charts given have been taken from advance sheets of the “ World’s Commerce and American Industries,” now in press and soon to be published by the Philadelphia Commercial Museum. Porto Rico, although belonging to the United States, has been treated as a Latin American country in these statistics, because of its language and former commercial relations. 7 Commerce of South America in 1900 Aggregate of Imports and Exports $821,000,000 Argentine Republic . Brazil Chile Uruguay Peru Other countries . (Values given in Millions of Dollars.) Imports. Exports. Total. • $109 # I 54 $263 . 84 162 246 47 61 108 • 23 29 52 II 21 32 50 70 120 8 Comparison of Trade of Latin American Countries. 1887 - 1901 . COUNTRIES Year Imports United States’ share Exports United States’ share Argentina • • { 1887 II3.2 6 3 81.4 4.1 1902 103.0 13-3 179-4 10.0 . Bolivia • • I 1885 6 8 9 7 1901 6.4 •5 14 3 •3 Brazil • • { 1887 114.3 8.1 143-9 52.9 l 1901 96.1 11 9 197.6 84.9 Chile . . { 1887 52.6 2.0 57 -i 2.8 l 1901 50.8 6.0 62.7 5-3 Colombia • • I 1887 6-3 6.1 10 0 3-9 1898 n.9 3 -o 19. r 5-1 Ecuador • • { 1887 8-3 1.0 7-3 1. 1 l / • * i 1901 7-3 i -9 7-9 i -3 Guiana, French . . . 1887 1.6 .1 1.0 .001 1901 2-3 1.6 Paraguay • ■ { 1886 J -3 i -5 1901 3 -o 2-5 Peru • • i 1884 8.0 1.0 5-7 2.0 190 r 13-4 1.4 20.9 4.6 Uruguay • • { 1887 29 9 i -5 27-3 2.8 1901 24.4 2.0 28.6 1.9 Venezuela • • 1 1886 12.0 3 - 6 15-8 6.2 l 1898 8.4 2.8 17.9 6-5 Total, Latin South America, 1st period 354-3 29.7 360.7 75.801 ( < ( ( i l < ( 2d period 327.0 42 8 552.5 H9.9 Mexico / 1888 43-3 9.8 38.6 17-3 • • i 1901 65 0 35 -i 74-3 58.6 Costa Rica i 1887 4.2 • 7 4.6 1.4 ■ • i 1901 4 4 1.6 5-5 2.9 Guatemala ■ ■ 1 1887 1901 5-3 3 -i •5 1.4 7.0 7-3 2.6 2 1 Honduras 1887 1901 1.2 1-7 • 4 1. 1 1.2 2 0 .8 1.2 Nicaragua .... r 1886 1.0 .5 1.7 1.0 • ■ i 1901 23 I -3 4-3 2-3 Salvador * • i 1887 1901 3 i 2.6 -4 .8 5 -i 4-5 1.0 1. 1 Cuba f 1887 53 -i 10.5 74 5 49-5 • • 1 1901 66.5 28.0 63.2 48.0 Porto Rico j • • l 1887 1902 10.2 14.4 i -7 12. 1 10.2 13-3 4.6 9-5 Haiti 1887 1901 5-5 5-3 3-2 1.9 8.2 12.3 i -7 1. 1 Santo Domingo . . . 1887 1901 1.6 2.9 1.0 i -7 2.1 5 -i i -3 3-3 French West Indies . 1887 1901 8-5 9 1 1 -3 2.7 8-3 4.6 -4 .009 Total Latin North America, 1st period 1 137 0 30.0 161.5 81.6 < i < i a 4 4 2d period 177-3 87-7 199 6 130. 109 Total Latin America 1 st period 491-3 59-7 522.2 157.401 < C < < li 2d period , 504.3 130-5 752.1 250.009 COMMERCE OF LATIN AMERICAN COUNTRIES. 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BCOH £ 33 0 0 3 3 a; i- O «ouwo? 4 ^^> cd mnIj cd 5 C N bo o H •H d BJ (J )H . X O Q otiSS 5 f o pi Q 5 -g •S « «!•§ 2^ « O-rj o^-S ^ 0 3 0 .^ 3 ^ 8 ^ SuOW^tno^wtoOS 3 „ bo O J T3 cO 1 S.g ■s g O 0 £ c cO cC ► 4 m 4 o o H H 2 Commerce of Chile in 1900 Imports by Countries $47,000,000 Values given in Millions of Dollars. United Kingdom $ [ 5 4 Germany 12.5 United States 4-3 Australia 3-3 France 3-3 Peru 2.4 All other countries 5-8 13 Leading Imports and Exports of Latin American Countries. (Values given in millions of dollars.) Argentina— Year 1902. Total Imports, $103.0. Textiles $29.7 Cotton 16.2 Wool 4.9 Iron and steel and mfrs .... 17 9 Coal 6.8 Pine lumber 4.4 Wines 4.0 Yerba mate 3.9 Drugs 3.6 Tobacco and mfrs 3.2 Paper and mfrs 2.5 Petroleum 1.0 Total Exports, $179.4. Wool $ 45-8 Hides and skins 25.6 Maize 22.9 Wheat 18 5 ' TVoxew noe-Clt i^A 1 ?' 8 Tallow . 6.2 Quebracho and extract x.-x Sugar 3.3 Cattle 2.8 Dried beef 2.6 Mules ... 1.6 Wheat flour 1.6 Bolivia— Year 1901. Total Imports, $6.4. Cotton goods $ .8 Woolen goods 6 Cattle 4 Provisions 6 Machinery and hardware 4 Wines, spirits, etc 4 Clothing 3 Total Exports, $14.3. Silver $5.5 Tin 3-5 Crude rubber 3.4 Bismuth 55 Copper 42 Coca 09 Peruvian bark 05 Brazil— Year 1901. Total Imports, $96.1. Total Exports, $197.6. Cotton mfrs $9.0 Coffee . $116.8 Jerked beef .... 8.3 Rubber 41.9 Flour 7-3 Tobacco . 7.8 Coal 6.4 Sugar 7-4 Wines 5-3 Hides 4.2 Iron and steel 5 -i Cacao 4.2 Rice 3-8 Gold 2.2 Wheat 3-7 Raw cotton 2.1 Machines and accessories . 3 -i Manganese .6 Codfish 2.8 Chemical products . . 2.1 Petroleum 2.0 Woolen mfrs 1-7 Jute yarn 1-7 Paper and mfrs 1-5 Lard 1.2 Pine boards •7 Chile— Year 1901. Total Imports, $50 8. Total Exports, $62.7. Cotton goods $ 7-5 Nitrate $ 43-3 Coal 5-2 Copper 8.6 Iron and steel 4-5 Silver 3 - 1 Woolen goods 3-3 Iodine 1.2 Machinery, tools, etc. . . 3-2 Sole leather ........ •79 Wheat . . . 2-5 Sugar 1-7 Coffee 1. 1 Live animals 1. 1 14 Colombia — Year 1898. Totai, Imports, $io.6. Totai, Exports, $18.4. Trade of Barranquilla in 1900. Cotton goods 25,000 bales. Flour . 60,000 bags. Petroleum 42,000 cases. Wine 31,000 cases. Rice 18,000 bags. Ecuador Totai, Imports, $7.3. Provisions $.96 Cotton and woolen goods ... .91 Hardware . 24 Flour 22 Machinery 10 Coffee $ 2 Gold bars and dust ..... 1 Hides Silver ore and bars Cattle Tobacco Year 1901. Totai, Exports, $7.9. Cacao $5 Ivory nuts Coffee Rubber Hides 18 Straw hats and crude straw .18 Paraguay— Year 1901. Totai, Imports, $3.0. Totai, Exports $2.5. Yerba mate $.49 Hides (salted and dried) 47 Timber 16 Fruits 15 Tobacco 12 Peru— Year 1901. Totai, Imports, $13.4. Hardware, machinery, etc. . . . $5.7 Cotton goods 1.7 Food products 1.2 Furniture 82 Woolen goods 71 Totai, Exports $20 9. Minerals $8.2 Sugar 7.0 Cotton 19 Wool 1.4 Hides 5 Uruguay— Year 1901. Totai, Imports, $24 4. Totai, Exports, $28.6. Textiles $3-7 Wool • $8.6 Wine 1.9 Hides (salted and dried) . . , . 7.0 Sugar i-7 Meat (dried) . 4.8 Coal .... 1.1 Tallow 1-5 Lumber 1.0 Meat extract 1.2 Sheepskins 1 r Venezuela- -Year 1898. Totai, Imports, $8.4. Totai, Exports, $17.9. Provisions, iron and steel and mfrs, Coffee, rubber, hides, cattle, gold, coal, petroleum, timber. cacao. Mexico— Year 1900-1901. Imports, $65.0. Mineral substances . $190 Exports, $74.3. Silver not including coin . . . . $28.0 Vegetable substances .... Henequen or sisal hemp . . . 8.2 Machinery and apparatus • 9-5 Silver coin 8.1 Textiles • 9-2 Copper 5-5 Animal substances . 4-8 Gold not including coin . . 4 3 Spirituous, fermented and Coffee • • 3-4 natural beverages . . . 2.7 Livestock • • 3-0 Chemical and pharmaceutical Hides 2 5 substances 2.5 Cabinet woods Paper and products 2.2 Tobacco . . .7 Arms and explosives i-5 Dyewoods . . .6 Vehicles 1.4 WOj O'© K) Cyi GCCyi 15 Costa Rica- -Year 1901 . Total Imports, $4.4. Total Exports, $5.5. Cotton goods. Coffee . $2.8 Iron and steel and mfrs. Bananas • 1-5 Rubber . • -7 Gold coin and bullion .... . .6 Cedar Skins .1 Mahogany Guatemala- -Year 1901 . Total Imports, $3.1. Total Exports, $7.3. Cotton goods ■ 1.5 Coffee .$6.5 Flour .2 Rubber . .24 Wine . . .1 Sugar . .18 Tallow Mahogany Drugs and medicine .06 Hides . .09 Petroleum . .04 Honduras — Year 1900-1901. Total Imports, $ 1 . 7 . Total Exports, $ 2 . 0 . Bananas $.7 Bar silver 5 Cattle 19 Silver coin 12 Cocoanuts 09 Hides and skins 05 Gold 05 Coffee 03 Nicaragua Total Imports, $3.8. Cotton goods • • -$ 1.5 Flour ... .16 Wines and spirits .... ... .15 Woolen goods ... .09 Drugs Provisions ... .07 Barbed wire fencing . . . ... .04 Soap ... .04 — Year 1900. Total Exports, $3.4. Coffee $i -94 Rubber 33 Mahogany 21 Cattle 21 Hides and skins 17 Salvador — Year 1901. Total Imports, $2.6. Total Exports, $4.5. Cotton goods and hardware. Coffee $3.3 Cuba— Year 1901. Total Imports, $66.5. Cattle $8.4 Cotton mfrs. 6.1 Rice 3.7 Iron and steel and mfrs., exclud- ing machinery 3.4 Lard 3.0 Machinery 2.6 Wood and mfrs 2.4 Wheat flour 2.1 Wines 1.7 Coffee 1.7 Boots and shoes 1.6 Coal and coke 1.3 Drugs and chemicals 1.1 Pork 1.0 Total Exports, $63.2 Sugar $30.8 Cigars and cigarettes 12.6 Tobacco 12.5 Molasses 1.2 Wood and mfrs 1.1 i6 Porto Rico— Year 1902. Totae Imports, $14.4. Totae Exports, $13.3. Trade with United States. Rice $ 2.0 Cotton mfrs 1.9 Iron and steel and mfrs 1.6 Provisions . . 1.4 Wheat flour 1.0 Wood and mfrs 5 Leather and mfrs 3 Sugar $6.3 Cigars 2.1 Molasses 3 Coffee 2 Haiti Totae Imports, $3.9. Cotton goods. Sacks. Machinery. Iron and steel and mfrs. —Year 1899. Totae Exports, $12.7. Coffee 61,600,000 pounds Cacao 4,000,000 “ Logwood .... 82,800,000 “ Cotton 1,400,000 “ Hides 300,000 “ Santo Domingo — Year 1901. Totae Imports. $2.9. Totae Exports, $5.1. Provisions, iron and steel and mfrs. Sugar $2.6 Cacao 1 Tobacco Coffee 2 Bananas 1 Guadeloupe— Year 1901. Totae Imports, $3.9. Totae Exports, $3 2. Manufactured goods $1.6 Sugar, coffee, cacao. Vegetable products 1.4 Animal products 6 Mineral products 2 Martinique Totae Imports, $6.7. Coal .... $. 4 . Flour 4 Dried cod 2 Wine 2 Cotton goods 2 Building wood 1 Year 1900. Totae Exports, $5.2. Refined sugar Rum and tafia . Cacao $2.6 i-7 .2 O' to 17 Commerce of Mexico in 1900 Imports by Countries $61,000,000 Values given in Millions of Dollars. United States ... $31.0 United Kingdom io -4 France 6. 7 Germany 6.6 Spain 2 -9 All other countries . 3-4 i8 Trade of Latin American Countries with the United States. For the Fiscal Year ending June 30, 1902. (Values given in Millions of Dollars). Argentina. Total Imports, $9 8 Total Exports, $11. i. Agricultural implements . . • -$i -9 Hides Iron and steel and mfrs. of 1.9 Wool Lumber . . 1.5 Mineral oils Binder twine ... • • -5 Carriages and parts of . . . . . .46 Brazil. Total Imports, $10.3. Flour $2.1 Mineral oils . . . 2.0 Iron and steel and mfrs. of . . . 1.2 Cotton goods 6 Cottonseed oil 4 Lumber 3 Total Exports, $79.1. Coffee $53 .8 Total Imports, $3 7 Iron and steel and mfrs of . . . $1.09 Mineral oils 5 Cotton goods 4 Lumber 3 Colombia. Total Imports, $2.9 Cotton goods $ .8 Iron and steel and mfrs. of . . . .38 Flour 2 India rubber Sugar Hides and skins Cacao Manganese Chile. Total Exports, $7.7. Nitrate of soda Copper 1.2 Other chemicals 8 15-7 49 2 0 •9 .8 $ 5-2 Total Exports, $3.2. Coffee $1.0 Hides and skins 9 Bananas 5 Cocoanuts .18 Cacao . . .11 Ecuador. Total Imports, $1.4. Total Exports, $1.5. Iron and steel and mfrs. of . . . $ .3 Cacao $ .78 Lard i 3 Rubber 25 Flour 17 Hides and skins 21 Vegetable ivory 13 Peru. Total Imports, $2.5. Total Exports, $3.2. Iron and steel and mfrs. of . . . $ .65 Sugar $1.9 Breadstuffs 62 Cotton 5 Lumber 37 Hides and skins 25 Nitrate of soda 21 Cacao 16 Uruguay. Total Imports, #1.5. Mineral oils $ .3 Lumber 3 Iron and steel and mfrs. of . . . .18 Total Exports, $2 5. Hides and skins #1.9 Feathers 2 Hair 14 Bones 13 19 Venezuela. Total Imports, $2.7. Cotton goods $ .5 Flour 47 Lard 4 Iron and steel and mfrs. of . . . .28 Total Exports, $ 6 . 2 . Coffee $4.1 Hides and skins 1.6 Cacao 2 Total Imports, $39.8. Iron and steel and mfrs. of (in- cluding machinery), $7.0 Machinery and parts 7 0 Coal 26 Lumber and timber 2.6 Breadstuff s 1.17 Carriages and parts 1.1 Vegetable oils 1.1 Manufactures of lumber 1.0 Mexico. Total Exports, $40.3. Sisal grass $ 11.6 Copper ore and regulus .... 9.9 Pigs, bars, etc. o^aopper 3.7 Lead 13.6 Hides and skins 3.4 Coffee Cattle .... Mahogany . . Chicle . . . Vanilla beans 2.8 ■7 • 4 •4 •4 Total Exports, $3.2. $i.5 Total Exports, $2.9. Coffee $2.6 Costa Rica. Total Imports, $1.4. Iron and steel and mfrs. of . . . $ .3 Coffee Flour 18 Bananas ... 1.5 Cotton goods 11 Lard 1 Guatemala. Total Imports, $1.68. Flour $ .3 Cotton goods 28 Iron and steel and mfrs. of . . . .2 Honduras. Total Imports, $ .98. Total Exports, $1.0. Cotton goods $ .3 Bananas $.7 Iron and steel and mfrs. of . . . .1 .1 Nicaragua. Total Exports, $1.9. * .6 Breadstuffs Total Imports, $1.3. Iron and steel and mfrs. of • ■$ .2 Mahogany . Breadstuffs . . .17 India rubber Cotton goods . . .14 Bananas . . Provisions . . .14 Coffee . . . Salvador. Total Imports, $.89. Cotton goods $ .2 Flour 18 Total Exports, $ .6. Cacao $ .4 Cuba. Total Imports, $ 26 . 6 . Iron and steel and mfrs. of (ex- cluding machinery) $2.9 Meat products (excluding lard) 2.9 Lard 2.1 Flour 2.1 Lumber 1.4 Cattle 1.4 Machinery 1.2 Coal 1.0 Maize 8 Cotton manufactures 68 Total Exports, $34.6. Sugar $190 Leaf tobacco 8.5 Cigars, etc 2.3 Iron ore 1 1 Molasses 8 Bananas 5 Tt CO