4 4*8' rvo VV \ S »t/i7 STATE NORMAL and TRAINING SCHOOL & \^zr OSWEGO New York T #tatr Normal ani (Jrainutg §rljnnl (imucyiT, fa fork 1916-'ir e ^/7 a (isuipgn Normal S»d|0ol PrpBfi UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK Regents of the University, with years when terms expire 1917 St. Clair McKelway, M. A., LL. D., D. C. L., L. H. D., Chancellor Brooklyn 1926 Pliney T. Sexton LL. B., LL. D., Vice Chancellor Palmyra 1915 Albert VanderVeer, M. D., M. A , Ph., LL. D. Albany 1922 Chester S. Lord, M. A. LL. D. New York 1918 William Nottingham, M. A., Ph. D., LL. D. Syracuse 1921 Frances M. Carpenter Mount Kisco 1923 Abram I. Elkus, LL. B., D. C. L. New York 1924 Adelbert Moot Buffalo 1925 Charles B. Alexander, M. A., LL. B., LL. D., Lit. D. Tuxedo 1919 John Moore Elmira 1920 Andrew J. Shipman, M. A., LL. B., LL. D. New York 1916 Walter Guest Kellogg, B. A. Ogdensburg President of the University and Commissioner of Education John H. Finley, M. A., LL. D„ L. H. D. Assistant Commissioners Augustus S. Downing, M. A., L. H. D., LL. D. For Fligher Education Charles F. Wheelock, B. S., LL. D. For Secondary Education Thomas E. Finegan, M. A., Pd. D., LL. D. For Elementary Education Director of State Library James I. Wyer, Jr., M. L. S. Director of Science and State Museum John M. Clarke, Ph. D., D. Sc., LL. D. Chiefs and Directors of Divisions Administration George M. Wiley, M. A. Agricultural and Industrial Education Arthur D. Dean, D. Sc., Director. Archives and History- James A. Holden, B. A. Director. Attendance — James D. Sullivan. Educational Extension William R. Watson, B. S. Examinations — Harlan H. Horner, B. A. Inspections — Frank H. Wood, M. A. Law Frank B. Gilbert, B. A. Library School Frank K. Walter, M. A., M. L. S. Public Records— Tomas C. Quinn. School Libraries — Sherman Williams, Pd. D. Statistics — Hirarr C. Case Visual Instruction —Alfred W. Abrams, Ph. B. APPROACH TO NORMAL HALL Local Board of Managers MR. FREDERICK O. CLARKE, President MR. ROBERT A. DOWNEY, Secretary-Treasurer HON. MERRICK STOWELL HON. P. W. CULLINAN MR. LAURENCE CLANCY HON. THOMAS D. LEWIS FRANCIS E. CULLEN. ESQ. NORMAL HALL Bust of Dr. Sheldon at the right School Calendar Second Semester, 1915-16, Twenty Weeks 1916 February 2, Wednesday 3, Thursday 12, Saturday 22, Tuesday April 11, Tuesday close “ 12, Wednesday begin April 20, Thurs., ( 12:30 m. May 1, Monday (9 a. m.) “ 5, Friday “ 30, Tuesday June 19 -23 Week 27, Tuesday Registration day Recitations begin Lincoln’s birthday Washington’s birthday First half-term subjects Second half-term subjects Easter vacation begins Recitations resumed Arbor day Memorial day Regents examinations Commencement First Semester, 1916-17, nineteen weeks 1916 Sept. 13, Wednesday Registration day 14, Thursday Recitations begin Founder’s day; Dr. Shel- Oct 4, Wednesday don’s birthday 12, Thursday Nov. 7, Tuesday “ 17, Friday close 20, Monday begin 29, Wed. ( 12:30 m.) gins Dec. 4, Monday (9 a. m.) 21, Thurs. (12:30 m.) 1917 Jan. 3, Wed. (9 a. m.) “ 22-26 Week “ 29, Mon. and Tues. Columbus day General election day First half-term subjects Second half-term subjects Thanksgiving vacation be- Recitations resumed Christmas vacation begins Recitations resumed Regents examinations Closing exercises Second Semester, 1916-17, twenty weeks 1917 Jan. 31, Wednesday Feb. 1, Thursday 12, Monday “ 22, Thursday Registration day Recitations begin Lincoln’s birthday Washington’s birthday THE KINDERGARTEN ‘Come let us live with our Children April 5, Thurs. ( 12:30 m. ) First half-term subjects close 5, Thurs. ( 12:30 m. ) Easter vacation begins “ 17, Tuesday (9 a. m.) Recitations resumed “ 17, Tuesday (9 a. m.) Second half-term subjects begin Fay 30, Wednesday Memorial Day June 18-22, Week Regents examinations 26, Tuesday Commencement First Semester, 1917 — 18, nineteen weeks 1917 Sept. 12, Wednesday 13, Thursday Oct. 4, Thursday don’s birthday 12, Friday Nov. 6, Tuesday 16, Friday close “ 19, Monday begin “ 28, Wed. (12:30 m.) gins Registration day Recitations begin Founder’s day, Dr. Shel- Columbus day General election day First half-term subjects Second half-term subjects Thanksgiving vacation be- Recitations resumed Christmas vacation begins Dec. 3, Mon. (9 a. m.) “ 21, Fri. (12:30 m.) 1918 Jan. 2, Wed. (9 a. m.) Recitations resumed “ 21-25, Week Regents examinations “ 28-29, Mon. and Tues. Closing exercises Second Semester, 1917 — 18, twenty weeks 1918 Jan. 30, Wednesday Registration day “ 31, Thursday Recitations begin Feb. 12, Tuesday Lincoln’s birthday “ 22, Friday Washington’s birthday Mar. 28, Thurs. ( 12:30 m. ) First half-term subjects close “ 28, Thurs. (12:30 m.) Easter vacation begins April 2, Tues. (9 a.m.) Recitations resumed “ 2, Tues. “ Second half-term subjects begin May 30, Thursday June 17-21 week “ 25, Thursday Memorial day Regents examinations Commencement HARVEST PROCESSIONAL AND FEAST IN THE KINDERGARTEN FACULTY James G. Riggs, A. M., Pd. D., Principal, Amherst College. Richard K. Piez, Pd. D., (New York University) Baltimore Polytechnic Institute — Pyschology, History of Education, Form and Drawing Meth- ods. William A. Maddox, L. I., A. B., William and Mary, A. M., Columbia University — Superintend- ent of Training School, General Method. Joseph C. Park, Oswego Normal School, Special courses in Cornell University and Syracuse Uni- versity — Director of Manual Arts, Criticism, Drawing and Shop Administration. Chester Higbee Tether, Ph. B., Hamline Univer- sity, University of Chicago, (3 years) — Methods in Nature and Elementary Science, Physics, and Criticism. Frank P. Wagg, B. A. (Bates), M. A. (Columbia University) — History and Principles of Educa- tion. Caroline L. G. Scales, Ph. B., University of Chicago, Wellesley, Radcliffe, Oswego Normal School — Methods in Literature, English History, English Composition, and English, fourth year. Lydia Ellen Phoenix, A. M. (Oberlin College) M. 0. (Emerson College of Oratory), Domestic Science (Teachers College, Columbia University,) Ele- mentary, Classical, Kindergarten-Primary, and Critic Diplomas (State Normal and Training Schools, Mansfield, P. A., and Oswego, N. Y.) — Head of the Department of Domestic Science. Amelia B. Myers, Western College, Oxford, Ohio; Na- tional School of Elocution and Oratory, M. E., Philadelphia; Oswego State Normal and Training School Geography and Criticism. Elizabeth G. Holmes, B. S., Teachers College, Chi- cago Kindergarten Institute — First Assistant in Kindergarten. Ida M. Isdell, B. S. (Teachers College, Albany Nor- mal College) — Second Assistant in Kindergarten. “Who cares for Mr. Zero?' Fresh air and good work easily combine Mary L. O’Geran, Oswego Normal School — Sewing, Basketry, Weaving, Criticism. Carrie V. Sinnamon, Oswego Normal School Prin- cipal of Grammar Department of Training School, Methods in Reading, and Methods in Grammar, Criticism. Katherine A. Hayes, Oswego Normal School— As- sistant to Principal, Methods in Number, and Arithmetic, Criticism. Harriet E. Stevens, Oswego Normal School — Princi- pal of Primary Department, Methods in Primary Reading, Criticism. Leslie Savage, A. B., (Wells College), Oswego Normal School— Logic, Physiology, Nature Study. Laura A. Harden, A. B. (Vassar College), Oswego Normal School; student at the Biological Labora- tory, Woods Hall, Mass.; student at Dresden, Germany; graduate student at the University of Chicago, 1910 and ’13, T4, T5; American History Methods, Story Methods, Criticism. Jean Kimber (Massachusetts Normal Art School) — Supervisor of Drawing and Writing. Charlotte M. Waterman, Cornell University, Oswego, Normal School Supervisor of Music and Music Methods. Miss M. Julia Detraz, B. A., University of Cincinnati. Teacher’s diploma, Teachers College— Superin- tendent of Language and Story, Spelling and Phonics. James M. Early, Berea College, School of Agriculture, 1903; Berea College Vocational School, 1907; Architect and Builder, 1907-1912; Industrial Arts Instructor, 1912; City Engineer, North Manches- ter, Ind., 1912-1914; Woodwork, Art Metal Work, Molding. Lida Scovil Penfield, A. M., (Boston University)— Librarian, Reading Methods, Supervisor of Read- ing in the Grammar Grades. Edwin F. Loomis, course in industrial education, Cornell University — Instructor of Printing. Allen W. Poucher (Cornell University) Private Secretary to the Principal. Ida M. Isdell — Preceptress at The Welland. Mrs. Marion Snody— Matron at The Welland. Leroy Snody — Steward at The Welland. REST AFTER WORK That’s the way we build our health State Normal and Training School Oswego, New York OC“X> Design The design of the normal school is to furnish trained teachers for the elementary schools of the State. A special professional course in Manual Arts is provided to meet the State requirements in industrial education. Regulations Governing Normal Schools New York State Education Department Admission General Normal, Kindergarten and Primary Courses (1) Age — Candidates must be at least sixteen years of age. Scholarship — Candidates must present a high school diploma or its equivalent to be approved by the Commissioner of Education, covering the course prescribed for entrance to Normal Schools. The minimum requirements for such a prepara- tory course, as required by Section 551 of the Edu- cation Law, must include 2880 recitation periods, of which the following subjects must be a part: ENGLISH. The course in English must be continuous throughout the four years, and must provide adequate instruction in: Grammar HANDS UP! 494 periods* Composition Rhetoric and literature HISTORY. The course in history must include the three following courses, each of which should be continuous throughout the year: Ancient history 114 periods Histcry cf Great Britain and Ireland 114 periods American history with the development of civic institutions 152 periods MATHEMATICS. The course in mathematics must include: Algebra (through quadratics) . . 190 periods Plane geometry 190 periods SCIENCE. The course in science must embrace biology (including human physiology) and physics. The laboratory method of teaching these subjects is prescribed. Biology (or physiology with botany or zoology ) 190 periods Physics 190 periods The term “period” as used in this course means a recitation period of not less than 45 minutes. FOREIGN LANGUAGES. The course in foreign languages must include: Latin 380 periods or French 380 periods or German 380 periods DRAWING. The course in drawing must pro- vide adequate instruction for 228 periods VOCAL MUSIC. The course in vocal music must provide adequate instruction in sight singing from the staff and the use of common technical terms for 152 periods The number of periods required in each subject is based on a school year of 38 weeks as a minimum. Entering on Special Consideration (2) Candidates twenty-one years of age, and who have had two years of high school work or its equivalent, and in addition thereto have taught two years, will be admitted to the normal school with the understanding that they must complete the high school course in addition to the professional course before they shall be graduated. SPECIAL DAY IN PRIMARY PATRIOTIC IN SF1TE OF THE WIND (3) Graduates of training classes (or training schools) who enter the class upon a high school diploma and who have taught one year since gradu- ation from the training class, may complete the pro- fesdonal course in the normal school in one year, if they possess the required aptitude for training. (4) Those who hold first grade certificates may be graduated in one and one-half years provided; (a) they are high school graduates; (b) they have studied the subjects of the approved course; (c) they possess the necessary aptitude for study and training. (5) Those holding the life State certificate or those v 10 have completed one year’s work in an approved college may be graduated in one year. ADVANCED STANDING. Any pupil who shall possess at entrance a diploma from a college or university recognized by the State Education Depart- ment, or a State Certificate, may, at the discretion of the faculty of a normal school, be graduated at the end of one year’s attendance. The principal will give such value to such diplomas or certificates as he deems proper. He may at any time require a student who is notably deficient in subject-matter to make up such deficiency before pursuing further his normal course. TRANSFERS. On concurrence of the principals interested, students may be transferred from one normal school to another by the Commissioner of Education, for cause. PRIVILEGES. Tuition and the use of text- books are free to students in the professional courses. NON-RESIDENTS. Residents of other states are admitted by special appointment of the Commis- sioner of Education, but are required to pay in advance to the treasurer of the local board a tuition fee of $20 a term of 19 weeks. Method of Appointment The applicant should write to the normal school or to the Education Department for an appointment blank at least three weeks before the opening of school. The principal of the high school should cer- tify to the successful completion of the required high school course and the district or city superintendent FOUNDER S DAY School returning from hanging a wreath on Dr. Sheldon s house at Shady Shore must vouch for the applicant’s character. The blank is to be filled out in duplicate and returned to the principal of the normal school. Before receiving an appointment the candidate must possess the evidence of proficiency mentioned above and must sign the following declaration, which is a part of the appointment blank: “In consideration of receiving free tuition at a normal school, I hereby obligate myself to teach in the schools of the State of New York.” Organization The school consists of two departments, as follows: (a) The Normal department for the training of students in the theory of teaching and in the science of education. (b) The Training School consisting of a kinder- garten, a primary, junior and a senior department, where students are trained in observation and in the art of teaching. COURSES OF STUDY Normal Department There are three general professional courses of study prescribed by the Commissioner of Education for the State Normal School. Each of these courses covers a period of two years. These courses are: (1) Elementary Teachers Course. (2) Kindergarten-Primary Course. (3) Kindergarten Course. Elementary Teachers’ Course Periods Psychology 100 Principles and History of education 100 Methods of language, grammar and composition 100 Methods of literature (optional) 100 School economy 40 Methods of vocal music 120 Methods of arithmetic and algebra 120 Methods of American history 80 Methods of drawing and elementary handwork 160 Logic 80 Methods of Latin (optional) 100 RECITATION ROOM. LITERATURE AND HISTORY. Where there is no vision the people perish — Bihle Methods of geography 100 Methods of primary reading, spelling and phonics 100 Methods of nature study and methods of ele- mentary science 100 Methods of manual training or household arts 160 Penmanship 40 Methods of physical training 120 Obst rvation and practice 600 Kindergarten-Primary Course Periods Psychology 100 Principles and history of education 100 Methods of vocal music 60 Methods of arithmetic 80 Methods of United States history 40 Methods of drawing and handwork 160 Logic 80 Methods of geography 100 Methods of reading, spelling, phonics, language 100 Methods of nature study and elementary science 100 Methods of penmanship 40 Methods of physical training 120 English voice training, children’s literature, story- telling 100 Songs and games ICO Mother play, gifts, occupations 160 Program of kindergarten procedure 40 Observation and practice 580 Kindergarten Course Periods Logic 80 English reading, spelling, phonics and voice training \ . . . 80 Elementary science and nature study 200 Drawing 140 Penmanship 40 Physical training 120 Music 40 Psychology 100 History of education 100 English voice training, children’s literature, story-telling 120 Songs and games 120 Mother play, gifts and occupations 180 Principles of education with special reference to kindergarten 60 Program — kindergarten procedure 60 Observation and practice 560 FROM THE LEGEND OF THE HOLY GRAIL Queen Blanchefleur and her court. Public literary exercises Diploma The Elementary Teachers Course prepares teach- ers for the grades of the elementary schools of the State. The diploma issued to a graduate of this course is a life license to teach in any public school of the State. The Kindergarten-Primary Course prepares teachers for the kindergarten and the first six years of the elementary schools. Graduates of this course receive a diploma which is a license to teach for life in any kindergarten in the State or in the first six grades in any public school in the State. The Kindergarten Course prepares teachers for the kindergarten and a graduate of such a course receives a diploma which is a license to teach for life in any kindergarten in the State. Training School The ability to teach is one of the most essential requisites of Normal School graduates. Ability to deal with modern theory mutt be refined by practice. To this end a Training School, which consists of a kindergarten and eight elementary grades enrolling more than four hundred children is provided. The school occupies the east wing of the new building and is in charge of a superintendent, two department principals and fifteen experienced critic teachers and supervisors. That theory may function directly on practice, these officers and teachers teach all the general and special methods given in the Normal department. As the Practice School is an integral part of the city system the practice teacher is con- fronted at all times with the conditions and many of the problems which he will meet in service. Each student-teacher is given a full grade over which he has entire control in method and manage- ment for a period of twenty weeks. Five hundred sixty (560) to six hundred (690) hours according to course elected must be spent in observation and practice. Every effort is made to prcmote the pro- fessional growth of the student, and, that he may be guided in the formation of right teaching habits his work and plans are carefully supervised. He is, however, left free to execute details and meet new classroom situations in his own way. Besides freq- uent individual conferences, all supervising officers hold weekly group conferences where general criti- cisms, directions, and suggestions are given and discussed. DR. PIEZ’S DRAWING ROOM No day without a line No student, however proficient in academic subject-matter or theory required in the Normal D partment, will be considered eligible to practice until he has satisfied the faculty that he will be a proper influence upon young children. Moreover, no practice teacher will be graduated until he has shown that he is well qualified to teach. Nature Study The course in Nature Study includes a consider- ation of the aims of Nature Study, methods of present- ing and outlining subject matter suited to the work of the various grades, the selection of materials for les- sons and the preparation of lesson plans for teaching the topics selected. The work of the fall term is devoted to a study of autumn flowers, the weeds of field and garden, seed dispersal, production and storage of the products of orchard and garden, bulb potting and planting trees in their fall and winter condition and the prepar- ation of Nature for the coming winter. A study of Winter birds and methods of attract- ing the same, seed germination and seedlings, a de- tailed study of the soil in relation to the needs of the plant, together with sr e of the topics that bear upcn the heating, lighting and ventilation of our homes, are to be found among the subjects for study during the Winter months. The work of the spring term is a continuation of the work begun in the fall. Bird, tree and wild flower study, our insect friends and foes, preparation of the soil and care of plants are some of the topics given consideration. A detailed study of the different phases of gar- den work as it has to do with the work of the school together with actual work in the school garden now being provided is designed to equip the pupil to intel- ligently direct the same work with children in the grades of the e ementary school. The Aim throughout the course is to create a love for nature, and bring the student into closer relations with his environment. Domestic Science 1. PURPOSE. The work in domestic science in this school is not for the preparation of special teachers of the subject and yet it is adapted to the needs of every teacher. It has as its central idea the BASKET BALL TEAM home, its aim being the development of skill and efficiency through the establishment of right iaeais as founded upon a vital knowledge of principles. 2. NATURE OF THE WORK. A general sur- vey course limited to twenty weeks, but including as iar as time and conditions permit: (a) Cookery of various kinds as, elementary, experimental, demonstration, invalid, economic, insti- tutional, lunchroom, paperbag, tireless, camp and home; also catering, menu-making anu table service- (b ) Study or rood materials, human nutrition end It, icily income. (c) Household equipment and administration, including ho _ise-wif ery, laundering, and marketing. (d) Sanitation and household chemistry. (e) Home nursing and personal hygiene. 3. METHOD. Combination of observation, demonstration, lecture, reading, discussion, experi- ment, and practice. 4. ADDITIONAL AND ADVANCED CRED- ITS AND OPPORTUNITIES. Credit for home work, and opportunities lor field work to those inter- estea in socal betterment. Arrangements are also under consideration for the organization of a club of girls to board themselves under direction and thus obtain additional credit for their work. 6. LABORATORY FEE. $2.50 to cover partial cost of materials. 7. SUPPLEMENTARY AIDS, (a) Home Sym- phony Club with a membership of over five hundred persons interested in the vital issues of the day as: Child Labor, Tire Playground Movement, School Feed- ing, School and N eighborhood F estivals, etc. (d ) Mod- ern Equipment Panor for Homemakers in which are exhi j.ieu modern and approved helps for the home, p mlic demonstrations often being given by repre- sentatives of approved articles, (c) Model Apartment, tentative plans being under consideration for the establishment of a private model apartment of four rooms with modern conveniences and an out-door sleeping porch, where special instruction would be given in all the various lines of household work including “health nursing” and “first aid;” also demon- strations in cookery to supplement the educational field-work done in private homes by the students, and first-hand instruction in the care of persons with tubercular tendencies. Public Literary Exercises, Athenean Society. The Problem of “The Other Half" Scene — “Father Vincent, why didn’t ye tell me Jimmy Kegan was dead?" Manual Arts Course for Teachers AIM. To provide normal training for teachers in industrial Arts the Oswego State Normal and Training School offers a special course which includes peda- gogical training, extended experience in laboratories, shops and draughting rooms and twenty weeks of practice teaching under close supervision. The course is designed to train teachers to meet the re- quirements of the State Education Department in in- dustrial education. REQUIREMENTS FOR ENTRANCE. 1. Grad- uation from an approved high school course, and at least sixteen years of age. 2. Candidates who are not graduates of an approved high school but who are of mature age and have had much successful ex- perience in trades or occupations may be admitted to this course on approval of the Commissioner of Ed- ucation. TIME REQUIRED. The course as outlined cov- ers a period of two years. Students may enter at the opening of the fall term in September, and at the opening of the spring term in February if able to enter classes already formed. COURSE OF STUDY. The following Course in Industrial Arts for Teachers was approved by the New York State Education Department on May 2, 1911, and went in effect in September, 1911: Psychology 100 hours History and principles of education . . 100 hours English 50 hours Methods in science 100 hours Shop Administration: — History and theory of industrial educa- tion, a study of equipments, organization of work, study of materials and local in- dustries, shop inspection trips 200 hours Drawing: — Design, representation, and mechanical 400 hours Shop Work Joinery 100 hours Cabinet-making 150 hours Wood-turning and pattern-making 150 hours Art metal work 100 hours Machine shop practice 200 hours Printing and bookbinding 200 hours Molding 100 hours Forge work 100 hours Teaching 400 hours Total 2450 hours NATURE STUDY FIELD LESSON The Douglas Spruce DIPLOMA. On completion of the above course, students are granted a State diploma which carries with it permission to teach Manual Arts in the public schools of New York State. TUITION. Tuition and text-books are free to students living in New York State. Non-resident students pay a tuition fee of $20 a term of 19 weeks. In the shop courses charges are made for breakage and for materials for personal use. CRITIC COURSE Special Course for Preparation of Supervisors, Critics and Teachers of Methods The demand for teachers to do supervisory work in normal and training schools, as well as in the com- mon schools, and the constant requests from exper- ienced teachers for admission to our school as special post-graduate students, have induced us to continue this special course. The course extends over two terms and is intend- ed to give a theoretical and practical mastery of the principles of education as applied to a criterion for judging and guiding the work of beginning teachers. In order to meet the needs of individual teachers, a special programme is prepared for each applicant by the Superintendent of Practice. In general, however, each student must acquaint himself with modern ed- ucational thought, and must show power to evaluate theory and ability to improve the work of teachers in service through its application to class-room procedure. Each candidate for diploma must present a paper setting forth the results of an independent investi- gation or experimentation in some practical field of kindergarten, elementary or secondary education. STUDENTS OF TRAINING SCHOOL Making tables for mother General Information Location Oswego is situated on the shore of Lake Ontario at the mouth of the Os wego river in a country famous in Indian and colonial history as described in Cooper’s “The Pathfinler.” It is a city of 24,000 inhabitants, a center for the manufacture of starch, boilers, and matches. It is the terminus of two rail- roads, the D. L. & W. and the N. Y. Ontario & West- ern, and is on the Phoe fix line of the N. Y. Central. Syracuse is 35 miles distant and is connected by frequent trolley service. The water supply, regarded as among the best in the country, is taken from the lake at a distance of 8,800 feet from the shore. By reason of its depth, the lake does not freeze over and the climate is greatly modified thereby. The ther- mometer does not fall so low in winter by fifteen degrees nor rise so high in summer by as many degrees, as in the more inland to wns. The health record of the city is an excellent one. The State is about to spend a large sum for the barge canal ter- minal anticipating an increase of trade through the enlarged Welland Canal. A new hotel, The Pontiac, has rece ltly been opened, a commodious and home- like stopping place. The lake city is located on the border of a fine fruit belt. The school is one of the landmarks of this part of the country. The Welland It is specially recommended by the faculty that all lady students, not residing in Oswego, board and room at “The Welland.” The house is pleasantly located in the central part of the city, is heated by steam, lighted by electricity, and every effort is made to maintain the building in a perfectly sanitary condition. The rooms are large and well lighted and the table is abundantly provided with wholesome, nourishing food, invariably selected from the best supplied by the markets. Without sacrificing the excellence of ma- terials used for the table, every effort is made to lessen the cost of living to the student. The rooms are furnished with all necessary articles of furniture. DOMESTIC SCIENCE LABORATORIES What shall we cook for you? Dictionaries, gazetteers, the daily papers, period- icals, encyclopedias and the best magazines of the day are found in the reading room. Here the young ladies will be under the imme- diate care of a member of the faculty who boards in the building and who will always have their inter- ests at heart. Mothers may be assured that here, in case of sickness, their daughters will receive most competent care and attention. Arrangements are made for the entertainment and social intercourse of students under usages to which people of culture are accustomed. Here are formed, in student days, the loving ties that make for development of character and for life- long friendships. Parents may rest easy in the knowledge that their daughters will receive the attention and care of those interested in their welfare as to social life, recreation, entertainment, health, and comfort. The terms for room and board are as follows: 1. There will be a charge of sixty-five to eighty cents per week for rent of room, thirty cents for fuel, ten cents for light, and fifteen cents for bedding, sheets, pillow-slips, towels, and laundering of the same, to each pupil, to be paid in advance, at the time of entrance, for the whole term. These terms are on the supposi- tion that not less than two occupy the same room, and furnish their own napkins. 2. For the other expenses of living, except laun- dering, there will be a charge of $3.25 per week to each pupil. This will be required monthly in advance. Thus each pupil will pay $13 at the beginning of the term, and at the commencement of every succeeding four weeks, for board. This is in addition to the rent, fuel, bedding, and electric light provided for above. The spring term contains twenty weeks and the fall term nineteen weeks. In accordance with the terms above stated, the cost of living will be, for a term of twenty weeks, and where the rent is sixty-five cents per week, $89.00; eighty cents per week, $92.00. This makes the highest cost to the pupil, when the most desirable rooms are rented, $4.60 per week, and the lowest cost, $4.45 per week. To the regular boarders of the house there will be a charge of thirty cents per dozen for washing. All articles laundered must be distinctly marked with the name of the owner. Each regular boarder will be en- THE WELLAND titled to the use of the laundry one-half day each week, without charge, by furnishing her own soap. No deduction will be made for board in case of absence less than two consecutive weeks, either at the beginning or at any time before the close of the term, as a large part of the expenses must be kept up the same as during other portions of the term. For two or more consecutive weeks’ absence in any one term, not included in vacations, board only will be refunded, On arriving at Oswego, students are requested to give their checks to the steward of The Welland, or in case he is not at the station, retain their checks and report themselves at the Welland, on the corner of West Second and Cayuga streets. Students will be met at the train by the steward of the Welland provide! they give notice of time of arrival and name the railroad on which they arrive. Address all communications in relation to securing room and board at The Welland, etc., to Allen W. Poucher, Sec’y, Oswego, N. Y. The Dr. Mary V. Lee Fund Dr. Mary V. Lee, for eighteen years a promi- nent teacher in our school, at her death bequeathed a portion of her estate as a fund to be loaned to worthy and needy pupils to aid them in securing an education. In addition to this the alumni of the school raised a small fund for the same purpose, as an expression of their love and esteem for Dr. Lee. These funds are in the hands of a legally constituted incorporated board, consisting of the president of the local board of the normal school, the principal of the Normal school, and a third member to be elected biennially by the alumni of the school. (At present Miss C. L. G. Scales is the third member of this board.) Appli- cations for loans may be made to any member of the board. Terms and Vacations The year, consisting of thirty-nine weeks is divid- ed into two terms, the first commencing the second Wednesday in September and continuing nineteen weeks, the second commencing twenty weeks from the second Wednesday in September and continuing the twenty weeks. All pupils should be present promptly at the open- ing of the term. Students will be graduated at the end of each term, but commencement exercises will be held only in June. The Sister of Sir Percival —from ‘The Quest of the Grail" — Literary Exercises Library, Apparatus and Laboratories Aside from a library of text-books, there is a reference library of approximately 21,000 volumes, costing more than $20,000. Students also have access to the city library. The school is well provided with apparatus and laboratories for the objective study of physics, botany, zoology, geography and domestic science. Attention to Health Careful attention is given to the health of the pupils, in its relation to diet, sleep, hours of work, dress and exercise. The teacher who has general charge of the physical culture in the school has made a special study of hygienic laws. The general care for the health of the pupils is assigned to her. Alumni Association The alumni of the school have formed an associa- tion for the purpose of renewing old friendships, pro- moting the professional interests of its members, and guarding jealously the welfare of the school. The or- ganization is a strong one, and the biennial meetings of the association are enthusiastically and well attend- ed. The N. Y. branch holds a banquet annually. An organization known as The Oswego Normal Boys meets annually for a banquet in New York, an evidence of an abiding i iterest in their Alma Mater. A booklet giving names, and addresses, and occupa- tions is provided each year. Entertainment The school together with patrons from the city, has maintained tie following course of entertain- ments during 1914-1915: Ben Greet Players Marcus A. Kellerman & Co. Leland T. Powers Dr. Edward A. Steiner David Bispham Edward Avis Mr. and Mrs. Harold Butler Eugene P. Andrews Memorials The new building is the recipient of four bronze tablets made by Gorham' & Co., showing the bas- reliefs of the following persons: NORMAL ORCHESTRA GLEE CLUB Song-men all and very good Winter's Tale MARY VICTORIA LEE, M. D. 1837-1892 ERECTED BY HER STUDENTS IN LOVING REMEM- BRANCE OF MARY VICTORIA LEE, M. D. FOR EIGHTEEN YEARS TEACHER IN THE OSWEGO STATE NORMAL AND TRAINING SCHOOL. “I HAVE WORKED NOT SO MUCH TO IMPART INFORMATION AS TO INFLUENCE LIFE.” HERMAN KRUSI 1817 SWITZERLAND- 1 903 CALIFORNIA IN MEMORY OF HERMAN KRUSI. HIS FATHER TAUGHT WITH PESTALOZZI, KRUSI'S GODFATHER, AT YVERDON, SWITZERLAND. PROFESSOR IN OSWEGO STATE NORMAL AND TRAINING SCHOOL FOR TWENTY FIVE YEARS. THE MOST LOVABLE OF MEN. SCHOLAR, PHILOSOPHER, AND FRIEND. ERECTED BY HIS STUDENTS IN LOVING REMEMBRANCE MATILDA SARAH COOPER POUCHER 1839-1900 ERECTED BY HER STUDENTS IN LOVING MEMORY OF MATILDA SARAH COOPER POUCHER, FOR TWENTY FIVE YEARS TEACHER IN THE OSWEGO STATE NOR- MAL AND TRAINING SCHOOL. STRONG, WISE. UNASSUMING, SHE MOLDED FOR GOOD THE LIVES AND CHARACTERS OF THE THOU- SANDS OF THOSE WITH WHOM SHE CAME IN CONTACT. ISAAC B, POUCHER, A. M., Pd. D. A LOVING TRIBUTE TO ISAAC B. POUCHER, A. M„ Pd. D. HE GAVE MORE THAN FIFTY YEARS OF SERVICE TO THIS SCHOOL, FIRST AS A TEACHER, THEN AS ITS SECOND PRINCIPAL. A MAN AMONG MEN; STRONG IN HIS CONCEPTIONS OF JUSTICE. AND RIGHT: ACCURATE AND DEFINITE AS THE LAWS OF MATHEMATICS OF WHICH HE WAS A REMARKABLE TEACHER, KIND IN ALL RELATIONS AND REVERENTIAL TOWARD THE GREAT TEACHER WHOM HE SERVED. ERECTED BY HIS CHILDREN, INSCRIPTION BY HIS COLLEAGUES. SNOWSHOE CLUB ^Uhe morning when at sunrise the whole landscape is in frosted silver Governm ant The idea of self-government is inculcated. The largest liberty is allowed, and the pupils are held responsible for the use they make of it. The spirit of the school is good. Most pupils are desirous to do what is right. Little disposition is manifested to take advantage of the absence of teachers. Every pupil is a law unto himself — at least this is the rule; tne ex- ceptions are rare. Amount of Work Demanded The courses of study are laid out with reference to the capabilities of those who are the strongest, men- tally aai paysically. T.ie classtfiaation being a loose one, adapts itself to all degrees of ability. One pupil is capable of taking more and another less. The teachers endeavor to keep a careful oversight of the pupils, to see that they do not undertake too much work. No pupil is required to take any given number of subjects during a term. The work is so arranged as to be eas- ily adjusted to the varying capabilities of the students. If any pupil overworks it is palpably his own fault, and he does it in the face of the earnest protestations of his teachers. Athletics Athletics are encouraged as a means of recreation, for physical development and health, and for in- struction in gymnastics and games. Most of the students belong to the Athletic Associ- ation, and are divided into groups for basket-ball, footoall, baseball, tennis, walking, snow-shoeing, folk- dances, general gymnastics and the learning of games and plays. Each student is encouraged to attend reg- ularly the exercises in at least two forms of athletics. The physical exercise thus obtained in fresh air, in such delightful surroundings, is an important desideratum. One of the principal educative functions of such exercise, if not indeed its chief end, is its inculcation of the love for the beautiful, the cultivation of the aesthetic side of student life. The site of the new buildings contains twenty- seven acres, an athletic field for baseball, football, tennis and other out-of-door games. The grounds themselves are being developed under the direction of Mr. Samuel Parsons, Landscape Architect of New York City. ATHENEAN LITERARY SOCIETY ‘Vitae sine literis mors est ADELPH1 LITERARY SOCIETY The literary societies give large opportunity for the development of executive ability as well as self expression in matters literary, dramatic, and oration WHERE THE STUDENTS PRINT THE VOCATIONIST TREBLE CLEF CLUB. 1914-15 The Normal Orchestra is a very popular musical organization in our school. The members Sir Walter Scott’s- “Talisman” PUBLIC LITERARY EXERCISES, ADELPHI SOCIETY. SCENE— The Plea for Sir Kenneth “JUST FROM HOLLAND’’— Public Literary Exercises, Adelphi Society assist in the chapel exercises, and give a special se- lection at least once a week, also on particular occas- ions. The “Glee Club” is made up of yourg men of the school. This club is still in its infancy, but from the interest manifested, it promises to be one of the best organizations in the city of Oswego. Literary Societies The rhetorical and literary work of the school is largely done in connection with the Adelphi, Athe- nean and Keystone societies. These associations elect their officers, and the two foimer lay out their work and conduct their business in their own way. Alter- nately, about once in two weeks, they give public ex- ercises in Normal Hall, before the school and such cit- izens as may be interested to come. The Adelphi and Athenean societies have private rooms assigned them that they have fitted up and furnished very neatly, in which they hold all other than public meet- ings. The Keystone society is in charge of members of the faculty, who give direction to the work of this division of the school, which embraces the lower class- WORK IN SEWING AND DRE C SMAK!NG Scene from George Eliot’s “Mill on the Floss” Public Exercises — Athenean Society es. This society also gives an occasional public exer- cise. More or less writing is required in connection with all class work. An earnest effort is made to awaken a literary interest and cultivate ready and accurate ex- pression. Every teacher is expected to give careful attention to this in connection with the regular work in the various branches pursued. Reading Association The officers of this association are elected by the school, and take charge of such contributions as are made annually by the school for the purpose of sustaining a reading room, select daily papers and periodicals, and see that everything is kept in good condition. The best publications of the day are in this way provided for the free use of the school and are placed conveniently in the library. The Vocationist The Vocationist is a school paper printed by the students in the class in printing. It is an illustrated magazine devoted to the interests of the school and to the Industrial Arts Department in particular. It is generally recognized as one of the best school journals that is being published. The alumni of the school are very much interested in this project. Project Work in At the beginning of the Spring semester, 1915, it was decided to use the May Festival as a center for encouraging all possible initiative on the part of the pupils in the Grammar Grades. The pupils determined the character of the Grades VII-VIII festival — that it should represent the Seasonal change, and at the same time partake of the nature of an old English May Day. With these points in mind, the pupils selected their own May Queen, Lord of the May, Attendants, wrote the plays of “Deme- MANUAL TRAINING PROJECTS ter,” “Balder,” and “Robin Hood;” tried out for the different characters in these plays, criticized each other in the rendering of the lines, designed and made most of their own costumes, including emblems for the shields, helmets, spears, bows and arrows, mak- ing dresses, crowns, robes, and the Manual Training boys found an excellent problem in constructing the “Rainbow Bridge.” One of the dances was interest- ing because it was composed by a fifth grade pupil and taught by her to the others. The festival devel- oped a fine school spirit, and brought together parents, teachers and pupils in a delightful relation- ship, at the same time motivating so much of the school work, especially the drawing, reading, English, history, manual training and industrial work. At no time has the writer worked with pupils more intensely interested, due without doubt to the pupils’ initiative in p.anning and directing the festival. With this gratifying result in mind, at the be- ginning of the fall semester, the work in manual train- ing, domestic science, and handwork was so arranged that pupils were given an opportunity to make their own project selection, after consultation with parents, classmates, and supervisors. The result has been most gratifying to all concern- ed. The scope of the work has been broadened, the in- terest keen throughout, and the work accomplished has been of a superior type. The boys have made skiis,“bobs,” sail booms, erector boxes, telephone tables and stools, besides the furniture usually made by the seventh and eighth grade boys. The girls have been taught crotcheting, knitting, and tatting, besides the sewing project given by the supervisor, and have been successful in making bread, pie, and cookies, three “needs” not attempted before in these grades. We recognize the fact that this is just a begin- ing, but the pupils and teachers both see more clearly the ability of the pupils to take a more active part in the planning of a course of study, and thus render the course a more usable one because more practical. Shall we not consult the needs of the pupil rath- er than always the wish of the supervisor? "THE CAROLINE” AND HER BUILDERS The Building of a Twenty -five-foot Motor Boat as a Seventh and Eighth Grade Project Oswego has been from earliest times an import- ant lake port. It is one of the most important ship- ping points on the Great Lakes. Generations of sailors have made this city their homes. Shipbuilding was at one time an important industry here, so when it was suggested that a boat was to be built in order to mo- tivate certain phases of the work in manual training, there was at once interest in the project. One of the students who had been a boat builder for years was as- signed this project as his “master piece.” This student teacher with seventh and eighth grade pupils in the Training School designed and constructed this boat which later was christened “The Caroline.” Ful- ly six months were spent in discussing the proposition, building a small model, drawing plans, planning materials and getting ready for the real work. Finally, in the fall of 1914, work was actually begun and the boat fin- ished in June, Putting in the moulds 1915. Interest in the work was intense throughout the year. The boys worked after hours and on Saturdays in gangs of eight or ten. The laying of the keel, the bending of the ribs, the planking of the boat, the build- ing of the decks, floors, and seats, and the caulk- ing, painting, and installing of the engine were all very import- ant steps in its construction. The boat is equipped with a 12 horse power, three cylinder gasoline engine and accommo- dates twenty passengers. She Planking the boat is manned by a trained crew and is equipped with modern safety appliances. She is used by students and teachers on outing trips for study and health, and is available for On her bilge leaving the basement where she was constructed open-air classes, Boy Scouts, and Camp Fire Girls. The New York State Barge Canal with its new concrete locks which are operated by electrical machinery and lighted by electricity, the beautiful Oswego river and the inland lakes of Central New York, as well as Ontario’s waters, furnish a varied experience for boating, recreation, and study. “The Caroline” has a permit from the State Superintendent of Public Works to navigate the canals and inland waterways of New York State. This boat is only one of many projects which have been successfully worked out by the students’ own hands, showing how the work of the school can be motivated and correlated with the real life of the community. This project work is valuable not only to the pupils, but also to the teachers who are in training. It helps these teachers to realize more fully the de- mands of the pupils, as well as, the demands of modem industry. In her cradle ready for the installation of the engine The ideal teacher in this new line of in- dustrial work is one who has had sound academic, shop, and profes- sional training, one who has teaching power, disciplinary abil- ity, and a knowl- edge of the ado- lescent period of developm ent, one who can win the confidence and respect of On her maiden cruise. In the siphon lock pupils, and One who is popular with parents, associates, and pupils. Other necessary qualifications are a pleasing personality, tactfulness, good judgment, and a character tnat cannot be questioned. He must be a skilied^workman. Above the siphon lock At the bottom of the siphon lcck WOOD SHOP WEAVING AND BASKET WORK THE SPIRIT OF THE FUTURE (From the Pageant)