/ THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY ^6 £ 'SGR V Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2016 https://archive.org/details/visittoindiansofOObloo MWV lSiC»'©D . Who escaped from the AMAZON . A VISIT TO THE INDIANS ORIALLA, I H i / !•. 0 ) 1 , 1 - REY, WILLIAM BLOOD, TOGETHER WITH TWO SERMONS ON THE DESTRUCTION, BY FIRE, “ THE AMAZON/’ ON THE MIDNIGHT OF JANUARY 3, 1852, IN THE BAY OF BISCAY, PREACHED BY HIM ON THE FIRST SUNDAY AFTER LANDING FROM HIS ESCAPE FROM THE BURNING WRECK. " We went through fire and through, water : by.t Thotj broughtest us out, into a wealthy place." (Psalm lxvi. 12.) Reported b» two youno ladies in phpnetic - shorthand. LONDON: WHITTAKER AND CO. AND SOLD BY ALL BOOKSELLERS. A MISSION TO THE INDIANS OE ORIALLA, SOUTH AMERICA. TO WHICH IS ADDED, A NARRATIVE OE THE DESTRUCTION, 15Y EIRE, OF “THE AMAZON.” • WITH REFLECTIONS, BY THE REV. WILLIAM BLOOI), v y sV'" v/ ' C> 4^ LONDON? PARTRIDGE AND OAKEY, PATERNOSTER ROW, AND 70, EDGWARE ROAD. vii a: mt! fL fct - "EUv CO rH ZZ LIST OF ENGRAVINGS. 1. MOONLIGHT SCENE 2. THE INDIAN CONGREGATION . 3. THE INDIAN WARRIOR 4. LIFE SAYED BY A DOG 5. ESCAPE FROM A TIGER 6. THE AMAZON IN FLAMES PAGE 4 . 24 . 28 . 56 . 86 . 140 q.q^'OOQ TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE €\t $arl nf CatlislE, 1.#., ki. IN ADMIRATION OF HIS LORDSHIP’S AMIABLE CHAKACTER AND INTELLECTUAL AND LITERARY ENDOWMENTS AND IN fratrful Jlrartuliraure OF HIS GENEROUS AND BENEVOLENT DISPOSITION, THIS TRIBUTE OF SINCERE ESTEEM AND AFFECTION, is Bitlj fjis ferafr f wttiissina, DEDICATED BY HIS OBLIGED AND HUMBLE SERVANT, THE AUTHOR. TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE THE EARL OF CARLISLE, HOWARD CASTLE. My Lord, In consonance with your Lordship’s cheerful consent, a former edition of this work was dedicated to you. It had been, however, my intention to have transferred the dedi- cation of the present edition to the Prince of Wales, did his age permit of the dedication, as the incidents and illustrations narrated in the volume are in harmony with his youth, and would have given interest to his intellect and emotions. But I hope, in God’s providence, to have the privilege of doing so as soon as his Boyal Highness shall have attained that age, after which period alone, works can be dedicated to him ; because, until then, — as it is properly stated, — he is not supposed to be competent to judge and decide upon works of a literary character. I will therefore anticipate that pleasure, when, DEDICATION. V with your Lordship’s approbation, I shall present to our youthful Prince — the future King of Eng- land — a copy with the following inscription. And I will do so the more cheerfully, because of the sentiment of holy writ which it embraces ; viz., that it is only by the unadulterated Truth of God, applied to the mind by the Holy Ghost, that any soul can be truly regenerated. This is the doctrine of the Church of Christ. [TO Mis llapl Higjrtt ess tlu prince nf Bales, HEIR TO THE KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN, fiiis Marne is RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED BY THE AUTHOR, WITH THE FERVENT PRAYER THAT, BY THE PURE WORD OF GOD AND THE OPERATION OF THE HOLY SPIRIT, HE MAY BE MADE HEIR OF A KINGDOM OF INFINITELY GREATER GLORY, AND BE CROWNED WITH A DIADEM WHICH SHALL NEVER FADE AWAY.] VI DEDICATION. Hoping that the Almighty may for many years spare your Lordship, as an ornament and an honour to the Senate and the Kingdom, of whom your countrymen may justly feel proud ; and at last, when you shall have finished your commission in this lower and imperfect state, He may, of His infinite mercy, receive you into His kingdom of eternal glory through Christ Jesus, our blessed Kedeemer. I have the honour to be, My Lord, Your Lordship’s grateful servant, William Blood. Ragley Parle, Warwickshire. PREFACE, This interesting and graphic description, which we have the permission of the writer to publish, originally appeared in the Colo- nial Magazine , with the following observa- tions : — “ Our Correspondent, the Rev. William Blood, has forwarded to us an account of a visit recently paid by him to an Indian Set- tlement of Orialla, on the Corentyne river, which we publish, not merely in consequence of the intrinsic merits of the composition, but also because we believe the subject of his communication is one of no slight inte- Yin PEEFACE. rest to an intelligent and influential section of our readers. “ The writer, it will be observed, has not any of the stirring adventures of the enter- prising traveller to recount ; nor is it his design to narrate any very novel or remark- able facts. But his narrative derives an interest from the circumstance of his faith- fully and graphically delineating the objects that met his eye on his route ; and whenever this is done, a story, whatever it may be, however unexciting, will always have the freshness and charm of truth to recommend it. “ There is one reflection which a passage in our Correspondent's communication for- cibly suggests to us, and as it is of a practical nature, it is one which it may not be inap- propriate for journalism to indulge in. We allude to the account that the writer gives of himself after returning from Orialla, in PKEFACE. IX company with a servant who immediately afterwards fell sick and left him, when, being seized with a severe attack of fever, he lay down for two days in a state of utter helplessness, with no human being within a mile to assist him, and was, at the expira- tion of that time, saved from a lonely death by the sagacity of a faithful dog, whose barking attracted an aged African to the house in which the exhausted invalid was prostrated on the bed of sickness. Happily, medical aid was, by these fortuitous means, procured, and the sufferer recovered. The only remark, which, in a becoming spirit of resignation, the event calls up in his mind is, c How beset is the life of the minister of Christ with privations and dangers in a foreign land/ “ Man is a creature of art ; and therefore amidst the grandeur and simplicity of nature does he most feel his helplessness. There it X PREFACE. is that he wants most the brotherhood of his fellow-worm. “ Our Correspondent looks to the spiritual part of his labours ; it is our province to deal more with the expedient, and the use- ful, and the things that belong to this sinful world. Hence it is, that while the cou- rageous ministers of the gospel are zealously devoting themselves to the regeneration of the Indian race, we conceive that we co- operate in their benevolent work, by pointing out the means by which the comforts of these pioneers of civilization may be in- creased, or, at all events, their privations diminished; for accordingly as such ends are attained by judicious foresight and worldly regulations, so will the efficacy of this meritorious order of clergymen be advanced/' THE INDIANS OF ORIALL A. On a most beautiful evening, while sitting under the piazza in the front of my residence, inhaling the balmy air of this tropical clime, and admiring in the foreground the splendid cocoa-nut and palm trees waving their majestic branch- es in the sunny breeze, my attention was arrested by seeing a number of half-naked Indians, with their bows and arrows, spears, &c., approaching me. I had, however, no occasion for alarm ; 2 VISIT TO THE INDIANS they were on a hunting excursion, and this was a friendly visit. Having accosted roe in their usual style, “Well, massa, how you do?” they said “You, massa, promise to come up to our country to preach God’s Word to us poor Indians; we be come to fetch you.” Having had, heretofore, frequent visits from the Arrowac and Warrow Indians, I had promised them that if they would appoint a day, I would go up to their country, spend a few days with them, and give them Divine ser- vice. They had agreed, and now, faith- ful to their agreement, they came at the appointed time. My system having been greatly weakened by recent violent fevers, I thought this a good oppor- tunity of going to the upland country, for the two-fold purpose of recruiting OF ORIALLA. 3 my strength and scattering amongst them some seed of divine truth. They brought with them a large canoe, which had been hollowed out of the solid tree, measuring nearly fifty feet long, four feet wide, and three feet deep. It was curved in crescent form from stem to stern, so that the tree must have been immense from which it was hewn. I committed myself to their care, and on this lovely evening, leaving our moorings, we directed our course to the red man’s home. By the aid of the tide we made about forty miles before mid- night, and the river now beginning to fall, we steered into a pretty little bay, to take up our lodgings for the night. The Indians sprang from the canoe, and dashing into the thicket of the darksome wood, left me in suspense, in the midst 4 VISIT TO THE INDIANS of mystery as to what were their inten- tions. Certainly not to use the scalping knife upon my worthless self, for this is done only after battle, and we had had no war — no, not even words. Not to place a living victim upon their festal board, for these Indians, unlike the New Zealanders, are not cannibals. And yet there were preparations going forward, for in a moment they had made a blazing fire from the dried leaves and branches, and then they shouted “ Hale yahe ! ” Hearing these unearthly cries, and not knowing the object of the fire, I exclaimed, “ What are you going to do?” And their response was, “ Vohole la ya mehovoo mo ho vohocee,” which left me just as wise as I was before. Anxious still to have some sign im- OF OEIALLA. 5 parted in reference to this fire, I gave them a shorter question, “Why you make fire ? ” And again they responded, “ Mo ho vohocee,” &c., for in their haste they for- got to make use of their broken English ; but the mystery was soon solved, for, when they came back to the canoe to announce that all was ready, I leaped upon the beach, and found my hammock swung between two trees, while the hammocks of the Indians were similarly suspended, forming a circle around the cheerful blaze. The fire which they had lighted by the friction of two pieces of wood, was an essential appendage, in not only affording us a friendly light, but in deterring the approach of tigers, vam- pires, horrible musquitoes, and other ferocious intruders. 6 VISIT TO THE INDIANS “ How happy,” thought I, as I lay in my cot, “ to be free even for one night from the impressive visits and serenading music of those nocturnal vagrants. 0 give me the tiger who sinks deep his talons and nobly strives for the victory; for if you have courage, and a weapon, you may strike him from you as you would some deadly foe; — or, give me the vampire, who, amidst the darkness of the night, sits softly upon your bosom, flaps you with his wing, while during your sleeping moments he drinks from your neck the vital fluid, for then you are unconscious of the operation : but save me from what some would call, but which I do not name, ‘ the infernal musquitoes’ — although their name is legion, for they are many — who come about you thirsting for your blood, — who though satiated are not satisfied, OF ORIALLA. 7 whose cry is ever that of the grave, ‘ Give, give ’ — whose existence is an anomaly in creation which cannot be solved.” It was a glorious night, — the full- orbed moon had just emerged from behind a dark bank of clouds, and in her silvery splendour was gliding on in solemn majesty. Encircled with a host of effulgent orbs, she appeared as queen amid her brilliant attendants. The sur- rounding trees, with their overshadow- ing branches and transparent leaves, received her light, and cast their fan- tastic shadows in all directions. The cocoa-nut tree, the tall and stately palms, crowned with their luxuriant plumes, stood erect, their out-stretching gigantic leaves gracefully bending, and yielding to the fanning breeze; while further off, amidst the shades of the 8 VISIT TO THE INDIANS thicker foliage, the fire-flies, with their varied coloured lights, ever and anon shot athwart the gloom. It required hut a slight stretch of imagination to give, as it were, a talis- manic influence to the scene. Those stately timbers looked like so many pillars with their beautiful capitals; the over-hanging branches, curving on all sides, formed every kind of arch, from the Gothic to the Eoman — some taking gentle sweeps, others tapering up and meeting their fellows in obtuse and acute angles. Then the overtopping foliage and flowery pendants, and the vines entwining their tendrils around each arch, flowed in graceful festoons from every apex. Far away above me the resplendent orbs were gleaming, as vigils looking forth through the night watches, — some OP OEIALLA. 9 from their distant and solitary glory were pouring down their light through the opening spaces — others more near, in bright and harmonious concord, seemed to he smiling upon the earth in a fellowship of worlds, as if to teach men in their intercourse below, to imitate the celestial harmony of God’s works above — while in the darkened recesses the flitting lights, some green, some red, like moving lamps, illuminated the drapery and decorations of Nature’s own temple — a temple more magnificent than any cathedral I have seen on the continent of Europe. True, there was not here the unifor- mity and regularity of those splendid superstructures. No massive pile of columns, — no ponderous portico, — no tesselated pavement here, — no groined ceiling nor formal tracery; but there 10 VISIT TO THE INDIANS was the grandeur of Nature’s architec- ture — the gracefulness and ease upon which the eye delights to gaze; the true elements of beauty — fitness and pro- portion — with which Nature never fails to invest all her works, were here. Through the entrance I could see the horizon refulgent with the coruscations of the flashing lightning — flaming swords brandished as if by angel-hands, keep- ing sentinel at the vestibule of the hallowed spot. Thus encompassed by the solemn grandeur of this midnight scene, made visible and exquisitely impressive by the softened light of those rolling glories, amid their silent spheres — what mind could remain uninfluenced ? Who could not think in such circumstances of that glorious Being, infinitely more glorious than all his works, who presided here — OF OKIALLA. 11 who was present here — whose sweet in- fluence was moving through the silence and solemnity of night, giving to nature its calm repose ? — of that Being, who “ Warms in the sun, refreshes in the breeze, Glows in the stars and blossoms in the trees, Lives in all life, extends through all extent, Spreads undivided, operates unspent, Inspires the soul, and forms the vital part.” No sound was heard now, save that occasioned by the rustling of the gentle breeze as it passed through the ex- panding boughs, and the ripple of the placid river as it glided on in its des- tined course. Looking round and seeing that my Indian escorts were safely enclosed in their hammocks, I sunk back and closed my eyes in balmy sleep. The night passed in refreshing slumber, and the morning came. When I awoke, by the 12 VISIT TO THE INDIANS aid of the twilight I discovered my peculiar position. The Indians were asleep around the smoking embers, and everything was quiet and still. As I gazed upon my newly - invented bed- chamber, I could not but smile at my novel and unique situation, and the question was suggested — What would my friends at home think, if they knew that I had turned Indian, and what would they take to exchange their downy couches for a night in the wild woods with the red men of the forest? As I lay musing, I heard distinctly from the solitude of the woods, an audible voice, asking, “ Who are you? Who are you?” A very appropriate question I thought for one in my circumstances, intruding upon the domain of the unknown and mysterious inhabitants; and as it was OF OEIALLA. 13 reiterated every minute, tlie only re- sponse I could make was, “Who are you?”* — for whether the sound came forth from frog, or owl, or what, I then could not tell, only this I knew, that it was plain English, and the language was spoken more emphati- cally than it could be by some of my sable flock, at least so far as these monosyllables were concerned. This was indeed a lovely morning. The air was cool and reviving, and all nature delightfully calm and serene. I stepped forth from my hammock, and once more looked around at the sleeping Indians, and said, “ How securely have I rested in this lonely wild, encircled by those dark * These sounds are distinctly articulated by the bird which is named after the sound which it utters. 14 VISIT TO THE INDIANS children of the forest, four thousand miles from home. But God is here, in this distant and sequestered spot of His own world; and where He is, the Chris- tian can repose as on His bosom and feel secure. How appropriate the beau- tiful lines of Propertius in such circum- stances, when applied to the true — the only God : — “ Sic ego desertis possim bene vivere sylvis, Qud nulla humano sit via trita pede ; Tu mihi curarum requies in nocte velatra Lumen , et in solis tu mihi turba locis” “ In desert woods, with Thee, my God, Where human footsteps never trod ; How happy could I be ! Thou my repose from care, my light Amidst the darkness of the night ; In solitude my company.” Nature now began to awake. There went the plunge and splash of the water-cow, as it laved in the river: OF ORIALLA. 15 there the hoarse croaking of the kra- peau, mingling with the monotonous song of the “ Kis-kid-dee,” while the solitary and plaintive voice of the wild dove was enlivened by the cheerful note of the pretty wren, or what is vulgarly called the “ God-bird.” Then the parrots in their splendid plumage, with a host of paroquets, com- menced their carols, as they spread their wings, and floated on the morning air. The moon was visible, hut had lost her splendour; she had faded to a delicate paleness, as if conscious that her empire was nearly ended, and that a ruler far more magnificent was about to appear. One or two of her brilliant attendants still lingered at respectful distance, but they too had lost their charms, and in sickly light sympathized with the departing glory. 16 VISIT TO THE INDIANS The Indians awoke, and having the start of the sun, all were up before he made his appearance; we embarked, and our canoe shot up the stream. Now the eastern horizon began to glow, and in a few moments the gorgeous sun would give his light. The gauze- like and beautifully tinted clouds which canopied the pavilion of the glorious orb, were now drawn up by an invisible hand, and becoming attenuated, they melted into thin air. Then the splendid luminary in all his glory arose from his bed of brightness, and throwing aslant his beams upon the opening prospect, the midnight gloom which had cast its dismal shades upon the far-off view instantly vanished, and as a giant re- freshed he commenced to run his race. In the distance, where the river forms an abrupt bend to the left, Orialla OF ORIALLA. 17 appeared. The land now begins to rise, and the undulating embankments and the perpendicular cliffs assure us that we are leaving the land of swamps and miasma behind us ! But the view that was before us ! — how splendid! The sand-hills, as far as the eye could see, presented a peculiar appearance, at least to one who had not seen high land for some sixteen months. Their chalky surface reflected the dazzling light of the sun’s ravs amidst the deep dark surrounding green, and the brown and yellow clay fronts of the cliffs which overhung the river, gave forth a beautiful amber light, shining with golden hues in the sombre distance. Then there were just perceptible nar- row strips of the erect banks, com- pletely bare, from the summit to the margin of the river, which presented the c 18 VISIT TO THE INDIANS same appearance, and for a time it was uncertain whether they were cascades pouring down their silvery waters to the bounding river. "When adjacent to their homes, the Indians screamed — if not the war-whoop, at least to my ears something like it ; but I soon understood its meaning, as it was immediately answered by the echoes of the sounds uttered by the squaws and picaninies, who stood in the little valleys and on the bluffs waving their hands in token of gladness at their return. At last we got to the beautiful Orialla. We soon debarked and clambered up the steep banks. "We were safe. Mr. De "Wolff, the commissioner of rivers, is stationed here, and lives in patriarchal simplicity. His house is made of bam- boo cane, the walls and partitions being plastered with the tenacious muddy soil. OF ORIALLA. 19 While here I made several excursions to the wigwams of the Indians, and found them not devoid of politeness and hospi- tality. While standing in one of those rude but convenient dwellings, I turned round and found my servant had already made acquaintance, for one of the squaws was in the act of taking some half-dozen fish from the burning wood, and placing them, with no inconsiderable supply of cassava bread, in his hands. There is no market here, so that the old gentleman, with becoming industry, attends to his well-provisioned gardens, and cultivates his own vegetables. Then he has a huntsman, an Indian, who every day goes forth in search of game. In his Nimrod exploits he disdains the incumbrance of any clothing, esteeming himself more at liberty to make his way in the entangled forest without, as he 20 VISIT TO THE INMANS thinks, such a useless appendage. He is a fine-looking man, and as he is a good shot, either with the how and arrow or the rifle, he always returns with deer, fowl, wild rabbits, and sometimes with Mannittee and Pedree. Some of the views from the heights adjacent to Orialla are truly magnificent. I took a sketch of one from the spot where it is said that Bishop Coleridge * sat for hours gazing upon the magnifi- cence of the scenery, fascinated with the grandeur of the prospect. * Bishop Coleridge is now no more. He died suddenly while standing amidst scenery as beauti- ful, though not so magnificent or sublime as that which is here described. While standing admir- ing the beauty of his own garden in Devonshire, he suddenly fell down and expired. It may have been while looking away from the loveliness of this lower scene, to the more glorious — infinitely more glorious scenery of the other world ; scenery, in comparison with which all the beauty, and OF OKIALLA. 21 In consequence of the serpentine bending of the majestic river, and the projecting promontories of the hanks upon either side, one is led to imagine that he is looking upon extensive lakes and thickly-wooded islands, and this appears to be the case both in the fore- ground and also in the distance, where nature is seen to spread away until it is lost in indistinctness, “ Where distance lends enchantment to the view, And robes the mountains in an azure hue.” The exquisite beauty of the scene grandeur, and sublimity of the universe, must sink into insignificance. For the eye hath not seen, nor the ear heard, neither hath the heart con- ceived the splendour and the magnificence of that world of surpassing glory. Perhaps it was, while the eye of his soul was gazing upon the sublime beauties of that state, his spirit was caught away to realize, in all their amplitude and power, those heavenly realities. 22 VISIT TO THE INDIANS brought to my recollection the poet’s description of the Cyclades — “ Crebris freta consita terris,” &c. “ Liquid fields sown thick with sunny isles/’