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 on 
 
 Iftstitote 
 
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 UHai 
 
 OF IHE 
 M8TTV0F 
 
 RTER AND CONSTITUTION 
 
 
 OF THE 
 
 liplufeitipttc and llntfatdtral Jftfj 
 
 OF 
 
 LOUISIANA 
 
 0. G. Forshey, 
 Daniel Dennett, 
 Wm. M. Burwell, 
 Newton Richards. 
 W. J>. Koontz, 
 
 J. R. Walker, 
 Daniel Edwards, 
 J. B. Knight,' 
 V. O. Kino, 
 J. S. Knapp, 
 
 Thos. Nicholson, , 
 
 \l. M. Lusher, 
 
 J. S. Copes, 
 
 Joseph Fry, 
 
 T. Wharton Oollens. 
 
 NEW ORLEANS : 
 
 • JAMES BUCKLEY, 
 Stationer ami Job Printer, 'S-i Ooniincvrial Place 
 
 1872. 
 
G 
 1*1 5 L Pi 
 
 OBianr and history of the movement. 
 
 This movement received its initial impulse in the New Orleans Academy of 
 Sciences, wherein, on the 12th day of February, 1872, the following resolution, 
 offered by Dr. V. O. King, was unanimously adopted : 
 
 Resolved, That this Academy, recognizing the necessity for technical training in the 
 physical sciences and appreciating the value of formal instruction in the mechanical arts, docs 
 hereby recommend the founding of a Polytechnic School in the city of New Orleans. 
 
 Resolved, That the New Orleans Mechanics' Society he invited to co-operate with this 
 1 Academy for the promotion of the enterprise ; and 
 
 Resolved further, That for tins purpose, the President appoint a Committee of Five to confer 
 with such persons and corporations as may favor the ohjects of this resolution, and that such 
 j initial steps be taken by the Committee as, in its opinion, may conduce to the success of its 
 - charge. 
 
 In favor of the adoptiou of the resolution, Dr. King said : 
 
 Mr. President and Gentlemen — The object of this resolution is two-fold : First, 
 to unite the forces and the influences which we may be able to control for the 
 instruction of our own people in the mechanical arts and in the physical 
 sciences; and, secondly, to recognize the intimate union which exists between 
 science and labor. In this latter regard, modern truth proclaims as a fact the 
 inosculation of the arts and sciences, and the interdependence of the one upon 
 the other. But, sir, it is not science which creates labor or the industries 
 flowing from it. On the contrary, science is the progeny of the industrial arts 
 on the one side, and on the other "of the experiences and perceptions which 
 gradually attach themselves to these arts, so that the evolution of science from 
 the arts is the first circumstance of human progress, although, in its turn, it 
 opens new fields 6f labor to the enterprise of its ancestor. Industrial labor, 
 then, is one of the parents, and science the child; but, as often happens in the 
 world, the son may reflect lustre upon the hither, and even add dignity to his 
 position. In this wise has science achieved the distinction of an equal in the 
 parental household, and now aspires to the functions of directing parental 
 movements. 
 
 In the progress of time, common knowledge passes into scientific knowledge. 
 The development of modern truth is due to our.better conception of forces and 
 their mutual relations and conversions. Formerly, heat, light, electricity, mag- 
 netism and chemical affinities were thought to be distinct and independent 
 existences, not even related to each other. Now. we know that forces are con- 
 vertible and interchangeable. 
 
 kThe second object of this resolution, Mr. President, relates to our immediate 
 nd direct efforts for the cultivation of physical science in our own midst, and 
 for an indissoluble alliance between mind and muscle. Until this be accom- 
 plished, we must submit to the humiliating alternative of importing our 
 intelligence from abroad, or to the still more wretched fate of living without 
 intelligence at all, from any source whatever. 
 
 The most advanced governments in the world now admit their dependence 
 upon the intelligence of their laboring classes. They feel that these classes are 
 the props of their agricultural, commercial, maritime and mechanical industries. 
 
 824634 
 
. And for this purpose they have availed themselves of all the information 
 recorded in the books they could command, and all the lights of experience of 
 living educators. But little of the real held has been unexplored by us. 
 
 We found many schools in progress, both in Europe and America, where some 
 labor is required of the student; and this is found to range through nearly all 
 the degrees of aid to those willing to labor. 
 
 Still, we found no school, or set of schools, that met our wants, or appeared 
 an exemplar for us; because, in every plan or institution in operation there was 
 found some reliable fund, other than the labor of the student, to support the 
 school, bear the expenses of its tuition or board, and to supplement the pro- 
 ceeds of the students' labor. In truth, nearly all the "industrial schools" are 
 directed to teaching the arts, or trades, or professions, by actual labor, rather 
 than to making that labor sustain the institution itself. 
 
 We will not specify schools. Many of them are so beneficent and admirable 
 in their design and effects as to reflect the highest honor upon their founders 
 and conductors, and to give us a better view of human character, a higher 
 notion of the standard of human benevolence. 
 
 What we need, however, the Committee is impressed to state, is a school or 
 set of schools that •shall be absolutely self-supporting. 
 
 Is it practicable ? Can we accomplish it ; or are we Utopians 1 
 
 We answer, we must have this result or nothing ! We see no possible resources 
 for founding and perpetuating a school of any other character. 
 
 We were ashamed to report to yon that our mission was impossible, and 
 hence we continued to work and to discuss the subject, till we arrived at the 
 result we shall submit to you, after we shall have farther stated our reasonings 
 and analysis. 
 
 It was not our province, as we concluded, to provide ways and means ; but it 
 was obviously absurd to submit a. plan without contemplating this first considera- 
 tion, and keeping within pecuniary possibilities. 
 
 Subsistence, clothing, tuition — these must be supplied. Production must 
 accompany consunrption, and must exceed it a little. Then, what portion of the 
 labor of students will pay for subsistence, clothing and tuition? 
 
 We answer : This depends upon his age and physical force, as well as upon his 
 intelligence. 
 
 At fifteen years of age it will take seven of his ten hours a day to pay for 
 decent clothing and boarding; at sixteen years, five hours ; at seventeen years and 
 thereafter, if skilled, four hours. If you add collegiate tuition, the scale would 
 be enhanced two hours, perhaps, each day. 
 
 This kind of analysis led the Committee to estimate somewhat as stated in 
 the, table below, on the hypothesis of students engaged as apprentices, say from 
 fourteen to fifteen years of age, and the number of fifty or one hundred engaged : 
 
 Age 14, 1st year, deficit, $100. 
 Age 15, 2d year, deficit, $50. 
 Age 16, 3d year, deficit, 00. 
 Age 17, 4th year, earns, $50. 
 Age 18, 5th year, earns, $100. 
 Age 19, 6th year, earns, $150. 
 Age 20, 7th year, earns, $200. 
 
 This presumes that students work six hours each, say from 6 A. M. to 9 A. M., 
 and from 3 p. m. to 6 p. m., at labor that shall yield for market, or pay hire. 
 
 These years, or any portion of them, it is believed, could be made to yield as 
 stated. Then such students as should enter at more advanced ages, and remain 
 even a shorter period, would earn as indicated in this scale, and be profitable to 
 the school, above their expenses. Should a school, on this basis, be founded 
 and supported by some fund raised by benevolence or public contribution for 
 
three or four years, meeting its deficiencies, it is believed by the Committee that 
 it would be self-sustaining thereafter. 
 
 And i his is the best we c;nt promise, or hope for. 
 
 The Committee believe that such is the demand for education, both industrial 
 and intellectual, among our people, and such the inability of parents and 
 guardians to afford it, that they would immediately fill such a school with 
 pupils. 
 
 The city and the State could themselves become strong patrons of the schools, 
 and aid us in founding them, and find it a great economy. 
 
 We feel assured, too, that a diploma from such a school, presenting- an edu- 
 cated gentleman, in the mechanic or the farmer who should bear it, would secure 
 employment at good wages wherever the happy graduate should go. 
 
 According to the scale of earnings and expenses shown, it is obvious that a 
 scholarship is worth $150. That is, the youth who enters at fourteen years 
 would cost the institution $150 before his work, at half time, will support him. 
 
 With this key before us, the Committee thought it possible that scholarships, 
 to the number of one or two hundred, or more, might be sold, in order to rea- 
 lize a moderate fund on which to prepare buildings and commence operations. 
 
 As to sites for the Mechanical and Agricultural Schools, the Committee did 
 not feel it their duty to report, believing that such designations might prejudice 
 their ability to obtain property at reasonable rates. 
 
 With these considerations and suggestions, full of defects and difficulties, as 
 we know them to be, the Committee would beg the indulgence of the Conven- 
 tion and the people in submitting the following plan for Industrial Schools for 
 New Orleans and for Louisiana;. 
 
 PLAI. 
 
 MECHANICAL EDUCATION. 
 
 In New Orleans, or its suburbs, let there be 
 
 A. 
 
 A tract of ground, to be improved by degrees, with parks and pleasure grounds 
 for adequate incidental instruction in botany, arboriculture and In >rti culture, and 
 for gymnastic exercises aud drill. 
 
 B. 
 
 Let there be erected upon these grounds, at first, plain, neat, suitable build- 
 ings for college hall, professors and students quarters, study and recitation 
 rooms, mess halls, kitchens and store-rooms. 
 
 C. 
 
 Let there be erected, at the same time, workshops for some of the leading 
 ! artisan trades, (to be determined by the proper board,) and let them be supplied 
 , with a good outfit, each, of appropriate tools and machinery with which stu- 
 1 dents may work, by half time, and manufacture for market. 
 
 D. 
 
 When funds are available, let these temporary buildings be replaced by sub- 
 stantial and permanent ones, with the very best machinery and tools known to art. 
 
E. 
 
 Let the course of instruction run through six years, from fourteen, or any age 
 above ; and let all the proceeds of labor, at half time, be devoted to the tuition, 
 books, board and clothing of the students and to incidental expenses. 
 
 F. 
 
 Let the elements of substantial education in letters, with a thorough knowl- 
 edge of the English language, be taught; and let the sciences relating to trades 
 and arts be most thoroughly mastered, concurrently with the arts themselves. 
 
 G. 
 
 Let such dispositions be made as shall enable those learning or practicing any 
 of the arts, in the city or vicinity, to avail themselves of the scientific training 
 of the institute, for adequate pay. 
 
 H. 
 
 Let suitable diplomas and degrees be awarded, as in any scholastic institu- 
 tion. 
 
 AGKICULTUBAL EDUCATION. 
 
 Let a tract of — thousand acres of land, of a suitable kind, be obtained 
 
 as near New Orleans as practicable. 
 
 Let this tract be appropriately divided into areas or lots, adapted to the staple 
 crops of the climate, to horticulture, forest culture, pasturage and to the various 
 stock raising pursuits. 
 
 B. 
 
 Let this estate be suitably supplied, at first, with plain, but neat and com- 
 fortable buildings, for the residences and lodging rooms, study and recitation 
 rooms of students; with teachers and professors and superintendents dwell- 
 ings, and with a chapel and college hall. 
 
 All these to be replaced, in time, by permanent and better buildings. 
 
 C. 
 
 Let the students, from fourteen years and upwards, be trained in all, or in a 
 suitable number, of these branches by practical industry, with the use of the 
 most improved agricultural implements, as well as improvements of soils, 
 and by thorough study of the circle of sciences relating to their special 
 industries, as also in a good English education, and by labor of one-half their 
 time, produce crops and stock for home consumption and for market. 
 
 D. 
 
 Let all the proceeds of this labor be devoted to the books, clothing, board 
 and tuition of the scholars and to incidental expenses. 
 
 It is proposed, then, that an experiment of a school, founded upon either 
 branch of this plan, be made, with such sum of money as can be raised by pri- 
 vate and public contribution ; and, as soon as practicable, to become entirely 
 self-supporting. 
 
 Such a course of education should be given by competent professors, who 
 shall lecture and teach here, within this city, during hours conveniently 
 arranged for apprentices and artisans, at reasonable rates of tuition. The 
 
 instruction must be directed especially to the application of the sciences and 
 
 new and improved methods of the various trades and manufactures, including 
 
 in the course mechanical and mathematical drawing. 
 
9 
 
 In the double aspect of such an institution of learning, the one giving home 
 education and an art or trade, and the other furnishing, at moderate cost, all 
 the scholastic instruction required by those learning or practicing their trades 
 in this city, it must be a success and a public beneficence. 
 All of which is most respectfully submitted by the Committee of Fifteen. 
 
 0. G. Forshey, Chairman. 
 J. R. Walker, Secretary. 
 Wm. M. Burwell, Thos. Nicholson, 
 
 W. B. Koontz, 
 Joseph Fry, 
 V. O. King, 
 
 May 1, 1872. 
 
 J. B. Knight, 
 James O. Noyes,"- 
 Daniel Edwards, 
 J. S. Knapp. 
 
 Rob't M. Lusher, 
 J. S. Copes, 
 T. Wharton CoUens, 
 Newton Eichards, 
 
 Dr. James O. SToyes having died, the Board of Managers on the 21st Nov., 1872, unanimously elected Mr. Daniel 
 Dennett to fill the vacancy thereby created. 
 
OOEPOEATE CHAETER. 
 
 Tke State of Louisiana, ) 
 City of New Orleans. * 
 
 DECLARATION 
 
 We, the Undersigned* availing ourselves of the laws of this State providing for the organi- 
 zation of literary and scientific corporations, do associate and form ourselves and our future 
 
 associates and successors into a corporation and l>ody politic, declaring- and specifying' ths fol- 
 lowing to be the organic and constitutive articles thereof: 
 
 ARTICLE FIRST. 
 
 The purposes and objects of said corporation shall be— 1st. The establishment of a college 
 having a corps of professors or faculty for teaching the sciences and the special application of 
 mathematics, and of natural and experimental science, to the arts. 2d. The establishing, 
 maintaining and operating of workshops, factories and laboratories, model farms and gardens, 
 wherein students may work, under the direction of practical overseers and scientific in- 
 tructorSjUpon the condition that their labor shall compensate for their tuition and support daring 
 the term of tuition : and that no profits shall accrue to or be distributed among individuals other 
 than graduating students, but that the whole product, shall 1>.- devoted to the objects and pur- 
 poses hereabove stated. 3d. The granting of appropriate diplomas and degrees to student-" 
 who shall have successfully completed a course of study or apprenticeship in any branch 
 of applied science. 
 
 ARTICLE SECOND. 
 
 L The name and title of the corporation shall be the Polytechnic and Industrial Institute 
 of Louisiana, and the members thereof shall be the fifteen original undersigned corporators, 
 and all tlmse who after them shall be accepted according- to the by-laws, sign this constitution 
 and pay into the treasury a gratuity, which shall not We less than fifty dollars. 
 
 II. ' The tenure of memhership shall he for life; but members maybe removed for cause 
 defined in tl i e by-la ws, # 
 
 III. Other corporations or societies, in their aggregate capacity, may become members of 
 this, in which case their rights as such shall be exercised by an agent or proxy specially 
 appointed by them to that effect, and their term of membership shall be twenty-five years. 
 
 ARTICLE THIRD. 
 
 I. The -.corporation, its colleges and property, shall be governed and administered by a 
 hoard of managers, to be composed during the first year of the fifteen original corporators, viz.: 
 C. G. Forshev, J. R. Walker, Thos. Nicholson, W. B. Koontz, J. S. Cope3, Jas. O. Noves, V. O. 
 King, Newton Richards, W. M. Burwell. RoVt M. Lusher. .'. B. Knight, Joseph Fry, T. Wharton 
 Collens, J. S. Knapp, Daniel Edwards, and thereafter the members shall annually elect, by 
 a majority of the votes cast, fifteen persons to be managers. 
 
 II. Eight managers shall constitute a quorum to transact the affairs of the corporation, 
 at a meeting of the hoard duly called or required agreeably to the by-laws. 
 
 III. The annual election shall be held and conducted in manner and form, and at such 
 time and place, as shall be provided by an ordinance adopted at a general meeting of the 
 members* 
 
 IV. The Treasurer shall keep a registry of the names of the members, of the amount of 
 gratuity paid by each, and the number of votes to which each is entitled. 
 
 V. ' A member shall have one vote for every fifty dollars gratuity to the institution he shall 
 have paid into the treasury : provided, that no one member shall have more than one-fifth of 
 the whole number of registered votes. 
 
 VI. Every member shall have the right to appoint a proxy to represent, act and vote for 
 him at a general meeting or election; provided, that no one shall cast as a proxy, or otherwise, 
 more than one-fifth of the aggregate number of registered votes. 
 
 VII. The Board shall elect" one of themselves to be President of the Board and Chief 
 Manager of the Corporation. 
 
11 
 
 VIII. The Hoard shall elect or provide for fcjie selection of a Secretary, a Treasurer, fi 
 Principal Professor or Dean, and such other officers, professors, agents, clerks, overseers, work- 
 men and servants as they may determine to have, whose dnties, liabilities, compensation and 
 term of service they shall denne and regulate as they may deem expedient. 
 
 ARTICLE P.OURTH. 
 
 The domicil of the corporation is New Orleans, and the President of the Board of Mana- 
 gers the officer on whom citations may be served. 
 
 ARTICLE FIFTH. 
 
 Th# corporation shall exist twenty-five years, unless sooner dissolved and LfafUidated 
 according to law. 
 
 ARTICLE SIXTH. 
 
 This corporation shall not hold property of a value exceeding three hundred thousand 
 dollars ($300,000). 
 
 Iu testimony whereof, we have hereunto set our hands on this first day of June, in the year 
 of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and seventy-two. 
 
 C. G. Forshey. J. R. Walker. Thos. Nicholson, 
 
 J. O. Noyrs, Daniel Edwarms. R. M. Lusher, 
 
 Wm. M. Burweix, J. B. Knight, J. S. Copes. 
 
 Nrwtox RrcHARns. V. O. Ktng. Joseph Fry, 
 
 W. B. Koontz, J. S. Kxapp, T. Wharton CojiEXH. 
 
 Passed before J. G. Eustis, Notary Public, oil the first day of June, 1872. 
 
 % 
 
 I have examined the foregoing act of Incorporation and find that the pur- 
 poses and objects as specified therein are legal, and that none of its provisions 
 are contrary to law. 
 
 ( Signed ) JOHN McPHELIK, 
 
 District Attorney 
 TSfew Orleans, December 5, 1872. tor the Parish of Orleans, 
 
CONSTITUTION, 
 
 AETICLE I. 
 BOARD OF MANAGERS. 
 
 Section 1. The President shall call the Annual Meeting of the members of 
 the Company, to be held on the first Tuesday of June of each year; at*which 
 meeting a new Board of Managers shall be elected, according to the* provision 
 of the charter: and the new Board shall be, installed at the close of counting of 
 the Ballot. The Secretary shall give ten days notice of this meeting. 
 
 Sec. i k . VII vacancies shall be filled by vote of majority of the whole Board. 
 
 Sec. 3. The outgoing Boardj at this meeting shall take measures only for 
 closing its past operations: and the incoming Board shall act upon measures 
 tor the fat are. 
 
 Sec. 1. The mode of proceeding in meetings of the Board shall be accord- 
 ing to the By-Laws, for its goverment. 
 
 Sec. r>. The Board of Managers shall provide for all purchases and expendi- 
 tures, by appropriation. Monies shall not be expended or invested in pur- 
 chases, beyond necessary current expenditures, except from sums appropriated 
 by the Board. 
 
 Sec. (>. The Board may delegate to the Finance Committee the power to 
 make minor investments and expenditures, without specific appropriation. 
 
 Sec. 7. The Board shall provide for all officers their duties and compensa- 
 tions, not otherwise provided for herein. 
 
 Sec, 8. A Manager may be displaced upon charges of unfitness, neglect 
 of duty or unworthy conduc|#by a vote of two thirds of the whole Board. He 
 shall be cited and heard in his defence. 
 
 Sec. 9. The* Board shall elect annually a President, Vice President, Secretary 
 and Treasuser; and also, a Finance Committee, an Executive Committee and a 
 Committee on Buildings, each to consist of three members. 
 
 Sec. 10. The Finance Committee shall audit all accounts, examine the 
 reports of Treasurer, and of all agents and functionaries of the Institute. 
 • Sec. 11. The Board shall raise such Standing Committees, from time to time 
 as the interest of the ^Institute or exigencies may remiire, and shall prescribe 
 their duties and terms of office. ^ 
 
 AETICLE II. 
 
 DUTIES OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Sec. 1. The President shall preside at all meetings of the Board, and shall be 
 ex-officio chairman of all committees when present; and shall have the functions, 
 prerogatives, and duties common to this office in corporate directories. 
 
 The Vice President, in the absence of the President, shall perform all the duties 
 appertaining to his office. 
 
 Sec. :i. The signature of the President, with the countersign of the Sec- 
 retary, and seal of the Company, shall bind the Corporation in all matters 
 within their delegated powers. 
 
 Sec. 3. The President shall nominate to the Board, for confirmation, or 
 rejection all salaried officers; and shall appoint or authorize all employees: report- 
 ing their names, the dates of their service and the rates of their pay to the Sec- 
 retary and Treasurer. He shall take general charge of the interests of the 
 Corporation. 
 
 Sec. 4. The Sewetmy shall keep the minutes of the proceedings of the Board 
 
He shall have custody of the archives, papers, books, inar^> accouids, 
 
 and the sealj and shall keep a full record of nil the operat) s - I rJu; I (.aid, 
 in such Legible and neat form as to be easily read, by any manager <>:• other 
 party interested. 
 
 Sec. 5. The Treasurer shall keep the funds and assets of Hie Corpora- 
 tion; and shall deposit in the name of the Corporation in such Hank as the 
 Finance Committee shall direct. 
 
 Sec. G. He shall pay out monies only upon the warrant of the [Resident, 
 countersigned by the Secretary. 
 
 Sec. 7. lie shall give bond in such sum as shall he required by the finance 
 Committee. 
 
 Skc. S The Bean of the Institute, shall be President Ex-ofllcio of both 
 Facidties; and as such, shall attend to procuring Text Books, Library, Cabinets, 
 Aparatus, Machinery, Implements, Stock, and other matters needed, in keeping 
 pace with the advance y of Industrial Improvement. 
 
 Skc. 9. He shall deliver a course of lectures in each College, on some phase 
 of the relations of Industry to Civilization. 
 
 Sec. 10. Tie shall, therefore, have a knowledge of the application of Science 
 to the arts and be thoroughly acquainted with the wants oi the State. 
 
 ARTICLE III. 
 EXDOWMEXTS AX1) DONATIONS. 
 
 iSEC. 1. The Company shall keep sacred all Donations and Endowments; 
 and shall comply with the conditions affixed, if nor incompatible with the 
 objects and regulations of the College to which the donation may pertain. 
 
 Sec 2. They shall invest in public securities and real estate, all donations 
 in money for permanent investment, under the dirWtion of the Board. 
 
 Sec. .*). They shall create and organize such professorships as may be 
 demanded from time to time, and shall fix their salaries and conipi Ligations: 
 
 Sec. 4. Any person or corporation who shall endow a professorship, cr- 
 ated or accepted by the Board, and not already endowed, shall la 1 permit- 
 ted to name the Professorship in perpetiw and to nominate to the Board the 
 person who shall fill it, during the natural life of the donor. 
 
 Sec. 5. Any person who shall endow a scholarship, may be permitted 
 to nominate the cadet to,* till it, with privilege to retire aim "al the end of 
 three years. 
 
 Sec. (>. The Board shall provide for agents or agencies for soliciting do- 
 nations, and collection of monies, and shall require such bond as shall be 
 determined by the Finance Committee. 
 
 Sec. 7. Collections shall be reported and returned to the Treasurer monthly. 
 
 Sec. 8. Subscriptions shall be made by signature, in books provided for 
 that purpose by the Secretary, and two per cent, shall be collected at the 
 time of subscribing. 
 
 Sec. 9. No calls shall be made for other "payments on subscriptions, till 
 they shall amount to oO.OOO dollars; and thereafter they shall be made in 
 such sums and with such intervals as the Board shall determine; provided 
 that the calls be not more than ten per cent, monthly. Provided however, that 
 subscriptions of ten dollars and less, shall be paid in cash, and shall pass in- 
 to the general fund. 
 
 ARTICLE IV. 
 
 COLLEGES., 
 
 Sec. 1. There shall be two Colleges, with different locations and separate 
 Faculties: with no other connection than their similarity of organization 
 
M 
 
 Mini their exact equality of rank, dignity and honor; and their operation 
 under the same managers, and Dean. 
 
 Sec 1 . 2. Their Professors shall be elected by a majority of the full Board, 
 and may be displaced only by a two third vote and upon charges of unfitness, 
 immorality, or conduct unbecoming a gentleman and a professor. 
 
 Any Professor so arraigned shall be cited and heard in defence 
 
 ARLICLE V. 
 
 CADETS. 
 
 Sec. 1. No apprentice shall be indentured under 14 years of age, nor 
 without examination of surgeon, as to fitness in mind and body. 
 
 Sec. 2. Cadets shall be formally enterered as apprentices, indentured 
 to serve in the Polytechnic and Industrial Institute as prescribed herein; 
 and they shall be discharged honorably, only upon graduation, or loss of 
 health; or upon a vote of a majority of the whole Board at a regular or for- 
 mally called meeting; and the discharge shall be based upon the recom- 
 mendation of his faculty, after payment of any sum due the Institute, by the 
 scale of service value. 
 
 Sec . 3. The scale of Service Value is based upon estimated earnings, as com- 
 pared with the cost of clothing, subsistence and necessary expenses. 
 Year 1 Deficit, $100 
 
 " 2 " 50 
 
 « 3 " 00—1150 
 
 " 1 Excess, 50 
 
 " 5 " 100 
 
 " 6 " .150—1300 
 
 Sec. 1 Any Excess above all expenses, shall upon honorable graduation, 
 be paid in cash to the Graduate. 
 
 Sec. 5. Entry may be made at any stage of advancement, upon thorough 
 examination; scholastic and industrial examination for admisssion shall be 
 made by the Faculty, at stated periods. 
 
 AKTICLE VI. 
 
 DISCIPLINE. 
 
 Sec. 1. The Discipline of the Colleges, as administered by the Faculties, 
 Professors and Superintendents, shall be kind and respectful towards the Ca- 
 dets, as young gentlemen : but it shall be military in exactness, when on duty. 
 
 Sec. 2. Infantry Tactics shall be taught by Drill, and all movements to 
 and from duty, meals, and chapel, shall be in ranks, and under command: and 
 reveille and tattoo with drum and roll-call shall regulate the hours of rising 
 and retiring. 
 
 Sec. 3. Recreations and vacations in the Industrial School will be few and short. 
 
 Sports and rational amusements and exercises will be encouraged. 
 
 Sec. 4. Profaneness, gambling, drinking, the use of tobacco, and all 
 immoralities and dissipations, positively prohibited, as incompatible with the 
 gentlemanly character, to be always inculcated and attained in the Polytechnic 
 Institute. 
 
 Sec. 5. Punishments shall not be corporal or degrading: but by increase 
 of duty, by deprivation of privileges, and by expulsion. ( 
 
 Sec. 6. Offences involving the penalty of expulsion, may be tried by Court 
 martial or Jury of Peers, by order of the Faculty, or on petition of the accused. 
 
IT) 
 
 ARTICLE VII. 
 
 RELIGION. 
 
 Skc. 1. Iielif/ious Services volunteered by the various Denominations using 
 the Bible, snail be invited by the Faculty; and the Cadets shall be required 
 respectfully to attend the ministrations. But no Cadet shall be required to at- 
 tend services, to which his parents or guardian. may object. He may elect in 
 such case, to confine himself to his quarters, during service; or to attend 
 such ..places of public worship, under the regulations of the Faculty, as his 
 parent or guardian may designate. 
 
 ARTICLE VIII. 
 POPULAR PRIVILEGES. 
 
 Sec. 1. Youths residing out of the College, but pursuing trades or vocations 
 taught therein, shall be permitted, for adequate pay, to be fixed by the Board, to 
 attend the lectures, recitations, and teachings of the Polytechnic Institute. 
 
 Sec. 2. They must comply in all respects with the discipline, morals, 
 and demeanor of cadets, while in the college campus. 
 
 ARTICLE IX. 
 MECHANICAL COLLEGE. 
 
 DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRY. 
 
 Sec. 1. Heed Property — The Board shall acquire by purchase or donation, a 
 tract of not less than twenty -five acres of land in New Orleans or vicinity : and 
 shall erect thereon, as needed, buildings suited for College purposes, and 
 buildings adapted to mechanical shops — separate and remote from each other. 
 
 Sec. 2. Any new structure of a temporary character may be built to 
 supplement buildings (if any) already on the ground and adapted to present use. 
 
 Sec. ?>. All buildings of a permanent character shall be made to conform 
 to a general plan, which shall be adopted after the most mature deliberation. 
 These shall be so designed as to admit of extension, addition, and adornment, 
 under the general system adopted. 
 
 Sec. 4. The shops, .with the tools, implements, and machinery, and opera- 
 tions, shall be under the direction, (by regulations of the Board or Faculty,) of 
 a General Superintendent, who may be a Professor ; but each trade or art shall 
 n%ve a Foreman, who may be a cadet, and may serve over more than one sec- 
 tion or trade. 
 
 Sec. 5 As soon as practicable, Cadets or Graduates of the Polytechnic Insti- 
 tute exclusively, shall be assigned to the duties of superintendents, foremen, 
 and assistant professors. 
 
 ARTICLE X. 
 
 TRADES AKD ARTS. 
 
 » 
 
 Sec. 1. Cadets in the Mechanical College, in the first three classes, shall 
 be styled Apprentices ; and in the second three classes or years, they shall be 
 styled Craftsmen. 
 
 Sec. 2. The Apprentice shall be assigned to such trades and arts as the 
 parent or guardian or himself may select ; always with the assent of the Faculty. 
 
 Sec. 3. There shall be no transfers to other trades or arts until mastered, 
 except by decision of the Faculty, nor without assent of parent or gnardian. 
 
 Sec. 4. The following Trades and Arts shall be taught from the begin- 
 ning, or as soon as practicable: 
 
 Smithing, (Copper, Tin, Black, White and Gun Smithing.) 
 Wagon, Carriage and Plow Making. 
 
t 1(J 
 
 Cabinet Making. 
 
 Turning, Bed, Chair, Broom and Basket Making, 
 
 Coopering and Bucket Making. 
 
 Printing. 
 
 Book-Binding. 
 
 Telegraphing. 
 
 Door, Sash and Blind Making and Glazing. 
 Sec. 5. Apprentices after one year's service, and Craftsmen, may f*y di- 
 rection of the Faculty and under the direction of the Superintendent or 
 Foreman, work out of the Institute foi the period of working hours, each day. 
 in Carpentry, Joinery, Founding, Engine Building, Finishing, Masonry, Plas- 
 tering, Gasfitting, and other trades not yet introduced into the Institute ground. ' 
 Sec. 6. The hours devoted to labor shall be six, and except as temporarily 
 altered by the Faculty, these shall be from 7 to 10 A. M. and from 3 to 6 P. M. 
 
 ARTICLE XI. 
 DEPARTMENT OF INSTRUCTION. 
 
 Sec. L Studies — The course of studies shall be so selected and arnanged 
 by the Faculty, as to give as thorough a mastery of the English Language and 
 Literature, as may be practicable, without a study of the Ancient Languages ; 
 and such an exhaustive, practical and theoretical knowledge of Mechanical 
 and Artisan Science, as shall illustrate and dignify the Trades into Professions. 
 
 Sec. 2. The Curriculum shall be so amended from time to time, as to keep 
 pace with the improvements in special Arts, and of general Artisan progress. 
 
 Sec. 3. The hours devoted to study shall not be less than six ; ami except 
 as modified by the Faculty, these shall be from 10:30 A. M. to 1 I\ M.: '.\nd 
 from 7 to 9:30 P. M. 
 
 Sec. 4. The Faculty shall modify the hours, as to distribution, adapting 
 them to the seasons of the year, and to special necessity; but the six hours 
 labor and six hours study shall not be disturbed. 
 
 ARTICLE XII. 
 
 FACULTY OB ACADEMIC STAFF. 
 
 Sec. 1. The Professorships shall-be filled as funds for their support shall 
 justify and cadets for their instruction shall demand, and as endowmei#s 
 shall warrant. 
 
 Sec. 2. • Infilling vacancies in Professorships, not otherwise provided Cor 
 nominations by the faculty, or members of the same* shall be invited, and res- 
 pectfully con sidered. 
 
 Sec. 3. The following shall be the Professorships established and ibr wlih h 
 endowments shall be sought : 
 
 Prof. 1. English Language and Literature. • 
 
 Prof. 2. Mathematics. 
 
 Prof. 3. Mechanical and Artisan Philosophy. 
 
 Prof. 4. Drawing, Designing, Engraving & Artisan Sketching. 
 
 Prof. 5. General and Applied Chemistry, Metalurgy. 
 
 Prof. G. Geography, Geology, Mining* 
 
 Prof. 7. Natural Philosphy and Astronomy. 
 
 Prof. 8. Natural History, Meteorology, and Climatology. 
 
 Prof. 9. Magnetism, Electricity, Telegraphy and Photography. 
 
 Prof. 10. Steam and Mechanical Engineering. 
 
 Prof. 11. Moral and Intel. Philos. and Political and Commercial Economy. 
 
 Prof. 12. Military Tactics. 
 Other Professorships maybe instituted as occasion shall require. 
 
17 
 
 Sec. 1. Craftsmen may be detailed by the Faculty to act as Tutors, pro- 
 vided it shall not interfere with their progress. 
 
 Sec. 5, Cadets having' finished their course shall, upon examination and re- 
 commendation by the Faculty, have conferred upon them by tne Board of 
 Managers the Degree of "MASTER OF MECHANICS," and shall receive a 
 Diploma certifying their graduation, signed by the President of the Board 
 and bv the Faculty. 
 
 ARTICLE XIII. 
 
 A G RIO ULTUR AL COLLEGE . 
 
 DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRY. 
 
 Sec. J. Property — The Board of Managers shall acquire a body of not less 
 than 2,000 acres of laud, adapted to the varied agriculture of Louisiana; and 
 shall proceed, at such rate as their means and the demands shall justify, 
 to develop it, -according to the apportionments of its parts; and this plan 
 of development and administration, shall be adopted after the maturest 
 deliberation. / 
 
 Sec. 2. Apportionment of Lands. 
 Division of Agriculture — 
 An Area for Cotton. 
 An Area for Cane. 
 A n Area for Rice. 
 An Area for Cereals. 
 An Area for Hays and Fodders. 
 Division of Horticulture— 
 
 An Area for Garden Vegetables. 
 u " Orchards and Fruits. 
 " • " Vines. 
 " " Ornamen'l Shrubbery. 
 u " Fibrous Plants. 
 " « Forest Culture and Parks. 
 Division of 8toclc Culture — • 
 
 An Area for Pastures and Meadows. 
 " " Bloodstock Breeding. 
 u " Milk Cows and Goats and Dairies. 
 " u Sheep Growing and WooL 
 " " Draft Horses, Males and Oxen. 
 " " Hogs, Sheep and Beeves. 
 Division of Farm Buildings — 
 
 Area for Barnyards and Granaries. 
 
 Area for Gin, Press, Pickeries, Mills, Ware and Store Rooms. 
 Area for Stables, Stock Yards. • 
 
 Area for Shops for Tools and Implements. 
 Division of Employees Quarters — 
 
 Area for Dwellings of Superindents and Secretary. 
 Area for Overseers, Stockmen, Laborers and other Employees. 
 Sec. 3. The Board may add from time to time such other areas to those 
 enumerated in the foregoing section as they may think proper. 
 
 ARTICLE XIV. 
 DEPARTMENT OF INSTRUCTION. 
 
 COLLEGE GROUNDS OR CAMPUS. 
 
 Sec. 1. An area of forty acres of land shall be improved by walks, 
 roads, swards, shrubbery, and shade and ornamental trees. It shall be in- 
 closed and entirely protected. 
 
18 
 
 ARTICLE XV. 
 BUILDINGS. 
 
 Sec. 1. Upon the Campus, and properly distributed, shall be erected all 
 the buildings relating to instruction. 
 Central Hall. 
 
 Eight Wing and Left Wing. 
 Chapel, Library and Hospital. 
 Laboratory and Cabinets. 
 Appurtenant Mess Hall, Stewards Quarters. 
 Servants and other Out-Buildings. " 
 Sec. 2. Professors Dwellings, with ample areas for shade, shrubbery, and 
 ornament, shall be arranged in circular or crescent form in rear and on flanks 
 fronting the college buildings. 
 
 Sec. 3. All these shall be developed according to need ; the plan being adopt- 
 ed in advance, that all progress may be directed according to design. 
 
 ARTICLE XVI. 
 
 ACADEMIC STAFF OK FACT LTV. 
 
 Sec. 1. The Professorships shall be filled as early as funds for their support shall 
 justify, and cadets for their instruction shall demand, and as endowments shall 
 warrant. 
 
 Sec. 2. In filling vacancies, not otherwise provided for, nominations by the Fac- 
 ulty or members or any member thereof shall be invited and respectfully considered. 
 
 Sec. 3. The following shall be the Professorships established and for which 
 endowments shall be sought. 
 
 Prof. 1. English Language and Literature. 
 
 Prof. 2. Mathematics and Infantry Tactics. 
 
 Prof. 3. Chemistry and General Agriculture. 
 
 Prof. 4. Botony, Horticulture and Agriculture. 
 
 Prof. 5. Vegetable Pathology and Physiology. 
 
 Prof. 6. Natural and Mechanical Philosophy. 
 
 Prof. 7. Drawing, Designing and Landscape. 
 
 Prof. 8. Geography, Geology and Meteorology. 
 
 Prof. 9. Zoology, Natural History and Blood Stock. 
 
 Prof. 10. Veterinary Science and Art. 
 
 Prof. 11. Steam Navigation and Commerce. 
 
 Prof. 12. Moral and Intellectual Philosophy and Political Economy. 
 Other Professorships may be added as occasion may require. 
 
 Sec. 4. Cadets in the fourth or any subsequent year's service and study 
 may be detailed as Tutors by th$ Faculty, provided it shall not interfere with 
 their studies and progress. 
 
 Sec. 5. Cadets during the first three years 7 service shall be styled "Apprentice 
 Farmers;" and after entering on the fourth year they shall be styled, " Planters." 
 
 Sec. 6. Cadets shall devote six hours to labor, and six hours to study; and 
 except as temporarily altered by the Faculty and Superintendent, the hours 
 of labor shall be from 6 to 9 A. M., and 3 to 6 P. M.; and the hours devoted 
 to study shall be from 10 A. M. to 1 P. M., and from 7 to 10 P. M. 
 
 ARTICLE XVII. 
 
 GRADUATION. 
 
 "Planters" having finished their course, and passed a final examination 
 by the Faculty, shall receive the Degree of "MASTER OF AGRICUL- 
 TURE"; and they shall receive Diplomas certifying their graduation, signed 
 by the President of the Board and by the members of the Faculty. 
 
Gay lord Bros. Inc. 
 
 Makers 
 
 Syracuse, N. Y. 
 
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS-URBANA 
 
 3 0112 111892300