OFFICIAL STATEMENT FOR THE USE OF WOMEN WHO 1VSAY WISH TO SETTLE SN THE OVERSEA DOMINIONS. THIRD EDITION. (Revised to March 1st, 1921.) OVERSEA SETTLEMENT OFFICE, 6, Saint James’s Square, London, S.W.l. Women’s Branch, 5th Floor, Hotel Windsor, Victoria Street, S.W.l. LONDON: PRINTED BY HIS MAJESTY’S STATIONERY OFFICE. 1921. TABLE OF CONTENTS. Notes and Warnings. PAGE 5 1. Description:— (a) Constitution 6 (b) A rea and Population ... 6 (c) Climate ... 8 2. Openings :— (a) Domestic Employment ... 8 (b) Governesses 10 (c) Nurses ... 10 (d) Teachers 11 (e) Industrial Employment 12 (f) Dressmakers and Milliners 12 (g) Shop Assistants 13 (h) Clerks, Shorthand Writers and Typists 13 (i) Agriculture 13 3. Rates of Wages . 14 4. Cost of Living :— (a) Food 15 (b) Rents . 15 (c) Board and Lodging 16 (d) Transfer of Post Office Savings Bank Account 16 (e) Transfer of Pensions ... 16 5. Passages :— (a) Free Passages within the Empire 16 (b) Steamship Lines 18 (c) Sailings ... 18 (d) Fares 18 (e) Assisted and Nominated Passages 19 (f) Third Class Accommodation ... 19 (g) Regulations for Emigrant Ships 19 6. Railways :— (a) Fares 19 (b) Luggage . 21 7. Procedure :— (a) Before Sailing ... 22 (b) On the Voyage ... 22 (c) On Landing 23 (d) Best Time for Arriving 24 8. Education 25 9. Prohibited Immigrants ... ... ... 25 10. Hostels and Homes . 26 11. Agencies :— ' (a) Government Offices in London 29 (b) Government Offices in Dominions 30 (cj Private Emigration Agencies and Friendly Soc ieties 31 12. Hints to Settlers 34 INDEX > \A Agencies— Official . Private ... Areas Arrival—Best Time for ... Assisted Passages ... Board and Lodging Clerks . Climate Clothing . Cost of Living Customs Tariff Dominions, Description ... Domestic Servants... Dressmakers Education ... Emigration Laws ... Fares— Steamship Railway ... Food . Governesses Hints to Settlers ... Home Helps Immigration Regulations Industrial Employment ... Landing Luggage- On Voyage By Rail Medical Examination ... Page ... 22 Money ... 23 Milliners ... ... 12 Nominated Passages ... ... 19 Notes ... 5 Openings for Settlers ... ... 9 Passages ... 16 Passports ... 19 Population ... 7 Prices—Food ... 15 Professional Persons ... 13 Procedure— Before Sailing ... 22 On Voyage ... 22 On Landing ... ... 23 Prohibited Immigrants ... 25 Railways... ... 19 Regulations (Immigration) ... 23 Rent—House ... 15 Sailings ... ... 18 Secretaries ... 13 Shorthand Writers ... 13 Steamship Lines ... 18 Typists ... ... 13 Vaccination ... 24 Valuables ... 23 Voyage . ... 22 Wages ... 14 Warnings ... 5 Page 29 31 6 24 19 16 13 8 22 15 22 6 8 12 25 19 18 19 15 10 34 9 23 12 23 22 21 (1481) Wt. 68640/32083 20m. 3/21 Harrow G.80/10, FOREWORDS The British Empire covers so wide a range of conditions and climate, and its natural resources are so vast, that there is almost unlimited scope for development. Its products, industries, and manufactures are also so numerous and varied that a large choice of occupation and employment is open to settlers. British subjects who desire to leave the United Kingdom are, therefore, strongly advised to settle within the Empire. 5 NOTES. 1. This publication is issued for the general guidance of women desiring to settle in the British Oversea Dominions. At the present time, rates of wages, prices of food, fares, openings for employment, etc., are subject to frequent changes. The information contained herein is, therefore, of a provisional nature only. 2. Further information may be had on application to the Oversea Settlement Office, 6, Saint James’s Square, London, S.W.l ; the Oversea Employment Branch, Ministry of Labour, Hotel Windsor, Victoria Street, S.W.l; the Secretary, Society for the Oversea Settlement of British Women, Hotel Windsor, Victoria Street, S.W.l. ; or any Employment Exchange. WARNINGS. Women and girls should be very cautious in accepting offers of employment in foreign countries, even though a comparatively large salary may be offered. The status of female wage earners is not the same in many such countries as in the United Kingdom or in the British Oversea Dominions. It would be wise before accepting any such offer to communicate with His Majesty’s Ambassador or Minister in the country from which the offer comes, and to await a reply before accepting it. The terms of the engage¬ ment should be embodied in an agreement in which the conditions of service are made perfectly clear, and the signatures to the con¬ tract should be duly legalised, by a Consul of the country to which the employee is going, before she leaves the United Kingdom. Those accepting employment are advised to register their names and addresses at the British Consulate as soon as they arrive in the country of employment, and should any difference arise between them and their employers, to seek the advice of the British Consul before taking any action on their own responsibility. Domestic servants are the only class of female settlers for whom there has hitherto been a general demand in the Oversea Dominions. For them the demand has been, and still is, very great. So far as can at present be seen, there is not likely to be any large demand in the near future for other classes of women settlers who are not members of a family. Women who wish to take up any form of oversea employment should first apply to the authorities mentioned in paragraph 2 of the Notes above. Forms of application for oversea work can then be obtained. Applicants are interviewed and advised by a Committee, and accepted applicants are put in touch with definite vacancies, when notified. Women are not recommended to sail without some definite offer of employment unless they are going to friends or have sufficient means to keep themselves for some time while looking for work. 6 THE OVERSEA DOMINIONS. 1. DESCRIPTION. (a) Constitution. (i) Canada. The Dominion, which is divided into the nine Provinces of Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta and British Columbia, is under a Federal form of Government, each Province having a separate Legislature and powers of local administration. (ii) Newfoundland. Newfoundland is an island situated on the north-east side of the Gulf of St. Lawrence. It is a self-governing colony. (iii) Australia. The Commonwealth, comprising the States of New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, Queensland, Western Australia and Tasmania, is under a Federal form of Government, each State having a separate Legislature and local administrative powers. (iv) New Zealand. The Dominion, consisting of a group of islands in the Pacific Ocean, is under a responsible form of Government. (v) South Africa. The Union, which is made up of the Provinces of the Cape of Good Hope, Natal, Transvaal and Orange Free State, is under a Union Parliament, each Province having a Provincial Council controlling local affairs. Rhodesia. Rhodesia consists of Northern and Southern Rhodesia, the boundary between the two being the Zambesi River. Southern Rhodesia comprises Mashonaland and Matabeleland. (b) Area and Population. Area. . Area in square miles. In comparison with Great Britain. Canada 3,729,665 30 times. Newfoundland 42,734 i Australia 2,974,581 24* ” New Zealand 102,250 A South Africa 430,076 4° Rhodesia 430,000 4 POPULATION 7 Excluding Cook Islands and Pacific Islands. 8 (c) Climate. Canada. The climate is very healthy throughout the year, and the summers are drier and hotter than in the British Isles. The winters vary greatly in the different parts of the country between the Atlantic and Pacific. They last from the middle of November or December to March or April, according to locality, and are very cold (the thermometer falling considerably below zero from time to time) ; they are, however, bright and dry, and the dryness of the air makes the cold less keenly felt. The winter sets in later in the Maritime Pro¬ vinces and the southern districts of Ontario than in Quebec, or in Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta. West and south of Calgary in Alberta the winters are more open. On the coast of British Columbia the winters are quite mild, but in the northern interior the winters are similar to those of Eastern Canada. Newfoundland . The climate is healthy. It is milder than that of Canada. The summer season, which begins in May, lasts for about four months. There is hardly any spring. Australia. The climate is healthy and pleasant. The summers in Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria, New South Wales and Queensland are hotter and drier, and the winters warmer, than in the United Kingdom. Droughts occur at times in some of the States. In Tasmania the climate is not unlike our own. The seasons are nearly opposite to those in England, commencing in the third week of the following months : spring, September; summer, December ; autumn, March ; and winter, June. New Zealand. The summer months correspond with the winter months in the British Isles, and the climate is warmer and more equable. There are no extremes of heat or cold, but the South Island is not so warm in summer nor so mild in winter as the North Island. The country is healthy and has a low death-rate. South Africa. The climate is generally healthy. It varies considerably in different districts, according to latitude and altitude. The coast is warm, moist and equable, and the midlands cold and dry in winter, and hot in summer, while the mountain regions are drier and more bracing. January is usually the hottest, and July the coldest, month. Rhodesia. Broadly speaking the year has two divisions, viz., wet and dry season. The early rains of the wet season, which is summer, appear towards the end of October, and last intermittently until about the beginning of April. From May to September rain seldom falls. The annual rainfall in Mashonaland averages about 32 inches, and in Matabeleland about 24 inches. Taking into consideration the extent and different altitudes of the territory, the climate naturally varies, but there are no extremes of temperature : the summer is never oppressively hot, nor is the winter really cold. 2. OPENINGS. (a) Domestic Employment. Canada. Domestic workers are much wanted in every part of Canada, and experienced women should have no difficulty in getting good situations. They should, however, have a little money with them on landing, and should remember that good references are necessary. Women who only know 'English ways, however, must adapt themselves to Canadian methods and customs and not expect to introduce the former into Dominion homes. 9 Settlers intending to undertake domestic work should have a knowledge of all the various duties connected with household service, and be prepared to do every kind of household work, including cooking, laundry and mending. Canadian homes in town and country are organized differently from those in the United Kingdom. The great majority of mistresses keep one maid, and supervise all the work themselves, the maid working under their direction and assisting in all processes. A competent domestic help would be expected to take sole charge of the household generally during the employer’s absence. In the Western provinces Oriental labour is often employed for all kinds of domestic service and laundry work. Home Helps .—There is a demand in parts of Canada for home helps, provided that they are thoroughly competent to undertake household work of every kind, including the care of children. As a general rule a home help is treated as one of the family and shares in the social life of the neighbourhood. Australia. Throughout Australia there is a large demand for trained cooks and domestic servants, but few women who are inexperienced and untrained in such work could hope to succeed. Capable workers can get good wages and liberal outings. There are no facilities for training in Australia which, therefore, should be undertaken in this country. A sensible and trained worker can soon adapt herself to conditions overseas and she will be appreciated and well treated in Australia. Women who intend to take up domestic work in Australia should make up their minds before sailing as to whether they wish to obtain situations in town or country. In towns, life is similar to that in England and while only one general servant is employed in most households, a staff is engaged in others. A cook is often expected to act as a laundress, and it is advisable for the servant who specializes in one kind of work to be able to turn her hand to other work if necessary. In Sydney and Melbourne—the two largest towns—wages are highest but living is more costly than in other towns. In country districts the demand for domestic help in farm houses is very large. In the great majority of households only one or two servants are kept and a knowledge of butter-making, bread-making and milking is most useful. The work in the house is similar to that in houses in the country in England, but that the climate is far more favourable to open-air life. Home Helps .—There is occasionally a demand for home helps, particularly for those who can cook and are accustomed to dealing with children. New Zealand. A large demand throughout New Zealand exists for experienced domestic workers. The type of woman most largely required is the capable worker who, with the assistance of the mistress of the household, will undertake all duties, including cooking and laundry work. The mildness of the climate and the modern type of house, which is designed to simplify every household operation, tend to ease labour. English methods of household procedure are usual, and a woman well trained in English ways would fit in with the ordinary New Zealand house¬ hold. In country homes, a domestic servant often shares in the life of her employer and his family, but this is not the case in larger establishments, in cities and on big stations where a household staff is employed an$ separate quarters are provided. Although women may be engaged to undertake special duties as units in the household staff, they are expected to assist in any department when required. Home Helps .—There is a demand for educated women who are capable of undertaking all household duties, but they must be thoroughly experienced. 10 (b) Governesses. Canada. In Canada the demand for private governesses is very small and such demand as there is, exists mainly in the Eastern provinces. A good knowledge of languages and of music constitute the qualifications that are most in demand. Salaries vary according to qualifications, but for a nursery governess they are about the same as for a home help. Governesses are expected to take a share in general household work in addition to teaching and looking after their pupils. Australia. In Australia there is a fair demand for governesses and nursery governesses, and for specially trained children’s nurses. New Zealand. There may be some demand for qualified governesses with good language qualifications who are prepared to help in the home. They are generally required in the country districts where social opportunities will be limited. (c) Nurses. Canada. The return of nurses from military service has relieved the demand in Canada for trained nurses, but it would seem probable that openings in certain directions may still occur. It would be unwise, however, for nurses to go out on the chance of work unless they were able to wait some time for employment, if necessary, or to take up other work in the meantime. The demand for nurses in Canada is small at the present time, and is mainly for those who are willing to do district work on the prairie and in the remoter parts of the West under the Victorian Order. There are some appointments under the Order in country hospitals but the greater number of its nurses are employed in district work, mainly in maternity cases. The five training centres of the Order are at Halifax, Ottawa, Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver. A general training and a C.M.B. certificate are required of candidates and, before being appointed, they must take a four months’ post-graduate course in Public Health Nursing. During this period of training the nurses are paid 25 dollars a month, and if appointed at the end of the course, they receive from 30 to 60 dollars a month with board, lodging, laundry and uniform. Outside the Victorian Order there are a certain number of openings in the smaller rural hospitals. Here again the C.M.B. certificate is desirable and a knowledge of dispensing would often be valuable. Such openings are mainly in Manitoba and Alberta. In the latter State an examination is required of every nurse not trained in Alberta if she wishes for a post in an institution drawing a Government grant. For the semi-trained there is usually work to be had among the poorer families, where the nurse is expected to do the housework as well as the nursing. The rate of pay for this work is about 2.00 dollars a day. Such employment is, however, often precarious and can lead to nothing better. By far the best course for the semi-trained nurse, if she cannot finish the full three years’ training, is to qualify for the C.M.B. certificate, and she may then find w r ork. There is a fairly consistent demand for probationers willing to take their training in Canadian hospitals and institutions ; women who intend taking up such work, however, are strongly urged to seek advice before proceeding overseas. Australia. There does not appear to be any general demand for nurses in Australia. In Victoria and New South Wales, however, there is a growing demand for bush nurses, though it is probable that few women from the United Kingdom could be absorbed in this work. Such nurses must be exceptionally strong, and, in addition to being trained professionally, must be willing and able to deal with all kinds of household difficulties if the house mother is the patient. There may be no other person to do the necessary cooking and housework and no neighbours within many miles. Bush nurses who wish to obtain work in New South Wales must register under the Australasian Trained Nurses’ Association, 30, Elizabeth Street, Sydney. New Zealand. It would appear that there is a considerable demand for fully trained nurses in public and private hospitals and for private practice. In appointing staff nurses to the large town hospitals, preference is given to graduates from these hospitals, but nurses holding the necessary qualifications gained either in New Zealand or the United Kingdom are in demand on the staffs of country hospitals. Nurses taking private cases must realise that they will have to do a certain amount of housework in addition to their professional duties, and that they will have to face at times the discomforts of living under primitive conditions. A difficulty appears to be experienced in obtaining a sufficient number of the right class of women as nurses in Mental Hospitals, and women from the United Kingdom who are physically suitable and will devote themselves seriously to this form of nursing should find in it a useful career. Women without previous training as nurses are preferred and the course of training extends over three years. State Registration is necessary before a nurse is eligible for any appointment under the Public Health Department. For this purpose a nurse must hold a three years’ certificate from a recognised training school, either in New Zealand or the United Kingdom. Nurses might write to the Matron-in-chief, Public Health Department, Wellington. South Africa. In South Africa there are openings for private nursing for those holding the Central Midwives Board Certificate, as well as that for general training. Openings may also present themselves occasionally in Government Hospitals. (d) Teachers. Appointments are not made from the United Kingdom. Candidates how¬ ever, can ascertain before leaving this country, whether they possess the necessary qualifications, by forwarding particulars of their length of service, and the dates of their certificates to the Deputy Minister of Education of the State or Province to which they wish to proceed. The Board of Education, Whitehall, S.W. 1., the Scottish Education Department, Edinburgh, and the Commission of National Education, Dublin, will on request forward a confirmation of these particulars to the Deputy Minister to whom application has been made, and candidates should await a reply from him before leaving, or before giving up any appointment which they may already hold. There is some variation in the regulations and scale of salaries in the different Provinces and States, but speaking generally the prospects for teachers compare favourably with those in the United Kingdom. Canada. In the maritime provinces of Canada there appear to be few opportunities for teachers, but a certain demand seems to exist in the Western provinces. The life, however, presents hardships and difficulties which should be fully realised by any woman who contemplates undertaking this work. A teacher sent to a newly founded school or one established on the borders of a freshly developed district must necessarily live in a somewhat isolated spot far away from a town and generally with only a few scattered neighbours within reach. Difficulty often arises with regard to accommodation, for, although the Govern¬ ment Educational Authorities may provide the teacher, the residents of the district are responsible for the provision of lodgings, and this, in a district possessing perhaps ten or twelve houses within the radius of as many miles, is a difficult matter. In some cases board and lodging would be arranged in a farm house, but in others the teacher may have to look after herself in a wooden shack. Australia. In the State schools women teachers are not in demand, and the training section of the Education Department ensure an adequate future supply. The Director of Education may, however, give consideration to special cases. It is necessary, that newcomers should take employment of the lowest grade, no matter what training or qualifications they may possess. 12 The largest number of openings has hitherto been in the small bush schools. West Australia, Victoria, New South Wales and South Australia have in the past provided a certain number of openings for British teachers, but there has so far been scarcely any demand for them in Queensland. Private Schools, such as the Presbyterian ladies’ colleges at Croydon, Queensland, and Pymble, New South Wales, and a number of Church of England grammar schools, offer rather more congenial openings to the university woman. There is a teachers’ registry in Sydney (the Teachers' Guild, 17, Castlereagh Street), through which appointments in private schools can be obtained; and recommended candidates of good qualifications and experience are occasionally appointed from Australia through the registry without a personal interview, but in most cases an interview is naturally required. Salaries range from £70 up to £200, with residence. New Zealand. The demand for fully qualified teachers in New Zealand primary schools is in excess of the supply, and qualified women from the United Kingdom should find no difficulty in obtaining appointments, particularly if they are willing to go to the smaller towns and to rural districts. Appointments to schools in New Zealand are not made from the United King¬ dom, and a teacher should obtain advice from the Board of Education in London as to what recognition would be accorded to her certificates by the New Zealand authorities. It is advisable for a teacher to be in possession of enough money upon which to live after arrival until she obtains a post. The summer vacation lasts from Christmas to March ; and the best time for a teacher to arrive would be during the early part of the year, but not before mid-February. For educational purposes New Zealand is divided into nine districts, each under an Education Board, and teachers should send particulars of their qualifications to the Secretary of the Education Board for the district to which they propose to go. The districts are Auckland, New Plymouth, Wanganui, Napier, Wellington, Christchurch, Nelson, Dunedin and Invercargill. The minimum salary for teachers is £130, with an annual increment of £10 ; but a system of grading is in operation which entitles teachers to additional amounts annually according to the report of the visiting inspector 4 s to their efficiency. (e) Industrial Employment. Women who wish to obtain industrial employment overseas should apply to the Oversea Employment Branch of the Ministry of Labour, Hotel Windsor, Victoria Street, S.W. 1., or to any Employment Exchange. They should, in no circumstances, go out on the chance of obtaining work. Conditions overseas are still unsettled by the results of the war and the demand for industrial workers is therefore limited. Information regarding specific vacancies can be obtained if application is made as shown above. It must be remembered that the Dominions are not industrial countries in the same sense as the United Kingdom, and that there are far more openings for women in factories in this country than there are in factories in the Dominions. The population of each of the Dominions is small as compared with that of the United Kingdom, and is chiefly engaged in agricultural and pastoral industries. For this reason the arrival of a comparatively small number of factory hands might cause the supply of such workers to exceed the demand and so disorganise local labour markets. (f) Dressmakers and Milliners. There is a demand in most parts of Canada for skilled dressmakers, both those willing to work by the day in private houses, and those prepared to take orders for work in their own homes. Good plain needlewomen capable of undertaking household mending would also be likely to find employment. Any woman intending to seek employment in either of these types of work should obtain private introductions to one or two residents in the locality in which she proposes to settle. It would also be necessary for her to be supplied with sufficient means to pay for board and lodging during the first few months of her residence in Canada. The rate of wages quoted for dressmakers varies from two to three dollars per day of eight hours, with one, sometimes two, meals included. Plain sewers and menders would probably be engaged by the hour and might expect to earn a minimum of 25 cents. For employees whose hours of work extend over the middle of the day, dinner is almost invariably included. The cost of living in hired rooms is, however, very high. In Australia and New Zealand the demand for dressmakers is not large and women are not recommended to go out unless they are able to keep themselves while looking for employment. They should not go out to South Africa unless they go to definite situations or friends. (g) Shop Assistants. There is little demand in the Oversea Dominions for shop assistants, and these should not go out unless they have friends or relatives overseas with whom they can stay, and unless they know that they are likely to obtain employment. (h) Secretaries, Clerks, Shorthand Writers and Typists. Canada. In the large towns of the East and middle West there may be a certain demand for really efficient secretaries of good'education who are first-class steno¬ graphers and able to undertake responsible work. Experience in handling legal papers and in professional and commercial accounting and auditing would be of great value. Salaries for these posts would range from about 60 to 100 dollars a month. A first-class stenographer clerk should also be able to find work at pay from 50 to 75 dollars monthly. For Quebec, a fluent knowledge of French is most desirable. There is no opening for a less efficient stenographer or general clerk. Australia. These classes of labour ar£ not required, the supply in every State already exceeding the demand, and at the commercial colleges large numbers of girls are being trained as typists and clerks. New Zealand. There may be a certain demand for well educated and highly efficient short¬ hand writers and clerical workers, but they must have attained a high standard of general education in addition to training in a business school. The market is overcrowded with inefficient workers who are lacking in education and can only hope to fill subordinate positions. South Africa. Women are' not required in any part of South Africa as clerks or typists, the supply in any part already exceeding the demand. Since the demobilisation of local forces, an ample supply of women displaced by the return of men is available for this kind of employment, and at the commercial colleges large numbers of girls are being trained as typists and clerks. (i) Agriculture. Canada. Except in fruit farms, dairy and poultry work, in conjunction with general household duties of a farm, there is no demand for women land workers in Canada. The work of the big wheat-growing farms in the prairie districts is not suitable to women, and the rigorous winter, during which little or no Cultivation can be carried on in most parts of Canada, results in the engagement of as few per¬ manent labourers as possible, and in all necessary agricultural processes being performed at very high pressure during the summer months. The consequent necessity for agricultural workers of finding alternative employment during the coldest months of the year makes the difficulties of employment of women almost insuperable. In the fruit-growing districts of Ontario and British Columbia there is seasonable employment for women in fruit picking and fruit 14 packing. Even in these districts, however, permanent alternative employment for women, with the exception of domestic service, is extremely difficult to obtain. In farms all over Canada, however, girls who will share in the work of feeding stock, milking, house work, including cooking and washing, and who could give a hand with the children if required, are likely to find employment. Australia. Australia is also unwilling to employ women as outdoor workers. The intense heat and the large scale of operations tend to make domestic work on a farm, with some poultry and dairy work, the nearest approach to land work obtainable. New Zealand. There are likely to be openings for women in dairy work, and, under certain circumstances, in bee-keeping and fruit farming. Note. —Women with capital who desire to establish themselves as farmers are recommended to read the reports of the delegates appointed to enquire as to the openings in the self-governing Dominions. The report as to Canada is Cmd. 403, 1919, price 4d. ; Australia, Cmd. 745, 1920, price 3d. ; New Zealand, Cmd. 933, 1920, price 4d. They should also make special enquiry from the Society for the Oversea Settlement of British Women. 3. RATES OF WAGES. The figures given below are approximate only, and are intended merely as a general guide. Rates of wages vary considerably in different parts of the same country, and according to the skill and qualifications of the individual applicant. Occupation. Average Rate of Wages. *Canada. Australia. New Zealand. South Africa. Domestic Employment — Cooks General Servants per month. $35-60 $25-40 per week. £1 5s.-£2 £1 5s.-£l 15s. per week. £1 5s.-£2 £1 5s.-£l 15s. per month. £5-£6 £4-£5 Housemaids ... Home Helps ... $25-35 $20-30 £1 5s.-£l 10s. £1 £1 5s.-£l 10s. £1 £4-£5 £4 ‘ Governesses — Nursery Governesses $20-30 £50-£60 per annum. £50-£60 per annum. £4-£5 Advanced Governesses $40-60 £60-£100 per annum. £60-£100 per annum. £7-£12 (non-resident). Teachers From £180 per annum. From £132 per annum. Minimum £130 per annum. Assistant £15—£41 (non-resident). Principal £40-£64 (non-resident). * Owing to the fluctuation in the rate of exchange, Canadian wages and prices are given in Canadian money. The dollar used normally to be worth 4s. 2d. ; its value at any particular time can be discovered in the Press. 15 4. COST OF LIVING. (a) Retail Prices. The retail prices quoted below are the latest available and represent approxi¬ mately the averages prices prevailing in Canada in December, 1920; in Australia in 1919; in New Zealand in September, 1920; and in South Africa in June, 1919. Retail Price in Commodity. Canada. Australia. New Zealand. South Africa. Cents. s. d. s. d. s. d. Bacon, per lb. ... 59-3 1 3 1 84 1 11 Beef, per lb. 27-5 0 9 0 84 0 9 Bread, per 2-lb. loaf ... 17-8 0 4 0 6 0 8 Butter, per lb. ... 62-3 1 10 2 74 2 4 Cheese, per lb. ... 38-9 1 H 1 2 f 1 5 Coffee, per lb. ... 58-8 1 8 * 2 64 1 8 f Eggs, per dozen 78-9 1 9* 2 24 3 64 Flour, per 25 lb. . $1-70 c. 3 9 5 lOf 8 3 Mutton, per lb. 33-4 0 8 0 8 0 104 Milk, per quart 15-6 0 64 0 74 0 64 Pork, per lb. 38-6 1 0 1 2 f 2 1 Potatoes, per 15 lb. 41-8 2 104 1 1 1 104 Rice, per lb. 16-4 0 54 0 8 0 5 Sugar, per lb. ... 130 0 34 0 64 0 4 Tea, per lb. 62-2 1 84 2 114 2 3 (b) Rents. The figures given below are the latest available and represent approximately the average rents prevailing in Canada in December, 1920 ; in Australia, September, 1920 ; in New Zealand, August, 1920 ; and in South Africa, March, 1919. Canada. Australia. Average Rent Weighted City. per Month of City. Average Rental Six-roomed House. per week. £ s. d. Halifax $30-45 Sydney ... 1 1 4 Fredericton $25 Melbourne 1 1 2 Quebec ... $20-25 Brisbane... 0 16 2 Toronto... $40 Adelaide... 0 18 0 Winnipeg $35-50 Perth . 0 15 0 Regina ... $35-50 Hobart. 1 0 4 Edmonton $45 Victoria $18-22 Montreal $18-25 Ottawa... $25-33 Vancouver $29 Charlottetown... $16-18 • 16 (b) Rents— continued. New Zealand. South Africa. City. Average Rent per Week of Six-roomed House. City. Average Rent per Month of Six-roomed House. £ s. d. £ s. d. Auckland 1 1 2 Cape Town 6 13 2 Wellington 1 2 0 East London 6 10 0 Christchurch .. . 1 1 2 Kimberley 7 13 0 Dunedin 0 18 7 Durban ... 7 0 0 Pietermaritzburg 6 4 5 Witwatersrant ... 9 11 10 Pretoria ... 10 7 5 Bloemfontein 8 1 6 Port Elizabeth ... 6 19 6 (c) Board and Lodging. The following is the approximate cost of board and lodging in the self- governing Dominions to women living alone Canada Australia New Zealand South Africa £5 to £8 a month. £4 to £6 a month. £4 to £Q a month. £6 to -£9 a month. (d) Transfer of Post Office Savings Bank Accounts. Arrangements exist for the transfer of British Post Office Savings Bank Accounts to the self-governing Dominions and many of the Colonies. Appli¬ cations must be made in duplicate on special forms, copies of which may be obtained from the Postmaster-General on application. (e) Transfer of Pensions. Pensions paid by the Imperial Government may be transferred from the United Kingdom to other countries under conditions which may be obtained from the Ministry of Pensions. 5. PASSAGES. (a) Free Passages Within the Empire. Plis Majesty’s Government have decided that as from the 8th April. 1919, ex-service men, viz., officers and men of the Royal Navy, the British Army or the Royal Air Force (excluding those who have served solely in the Dominion and Colonial Forces and the Indian Army), who have served in the present war and wish to settle within the Empire overseas, may obtain free third class passages for themselves and their dependants to the nearest convenient port to their destination, provided that they are approved under one of the agri¬ cultural settlement schemes of the Oversea Governments, or are going to assured employment, and provided also that they are in all respects acceptable to the Government of the territory to which they desire to go. This privilege will also be extended to the widows and dependants of ex-service men as defined above, provided that they are entitled to draw pension from Imperial Funds under the terms of the Pensions Warrant. Free passages on the same conditions will be granted to ex-service women who enrolled for whole-time service for not less than six months in a corps under the direction of a British Government department. 17 The chief corps included in the definition of ex-service women are :— Women’s Royal Naval Service ; Queen Mary’s Army Auxiliary Corps ; Women’s Royal Air Force ; Women’s Legion ; Queen Alexandra’s Imperial Military Nursing Service and Reserve ; Queen Alexandra’s Royal Naval Nur¬ sing Service and Reserve ; Territorial Force Nursing Service ; N.B.—Women who served solely as The V.A.D. Naval and Military Nur¬ sing and General Service members, and members under contract to the British Red Cross and Order of St. John of Jerusalem Joint War Committee ; The Almeric Paget Military Massage Corps ; Women’s Land Army ; Scottish Women’s Land Army ; Women’s Forage Corps. Women’s Forestry Corps ; munition workers are not eligible. The following, procedure is adopted :— 1. Ex-service applicants for free passage must make their applications on forms to be obtained by them at their Local Employment Exchange, or from the Oversea Settlement Office, 6 Saint James’s Square, S.W.l, or from any dis¬ trict Offices of the Appointments Department of the Ministry of Labour; or in the case of ex-service women, from the Women’s Branch, Oversea Settlement Office, Hotel Windsor, Victoria Street, S.W.l. 2. Application forms must be filled up in duplicate and forwarded to the Oversea Settlement Office through the Employment Exchange or through the District Office of the Appointments Department, or, in the case of ex-service women, through the Corps Headquarters, or, in the case of widows and orphans, through the Local War Pensions Committee or the District Inspector of the Ministry of Pensions. 3. If, on receipt at the Oversea Settlement Office, the application forms are found to be completed satisfactorily the Oversea Settlement Committee will forward the duplicate to the representative of the country to which the appli¬ cant desires to go, and the representative concerned will decide whether the applicant can be approved under one of the agricultural settlement schemes or is going to assured employment, and is in all respects acceptable to the Government of the territory concerned. 4. If and when an applicant is approved he will be duly informed by the Oversea Settlement Committee, and will receive a warrant book containing a passage voucher, railway warrant, embarkation permit, and a document which serves as passport. Note .—The scheme applies only to ex-service men and ex-service women who served during the great war and whose service began before 1st January, 1920. Applications^ may be sent in at any time before 31st December, 1921, or within one year from the date of release from service, whichever is the later, provided that in the case of persons enlisted or enrolled or granted a commis¬ sion for a period exceeding three years, applications must be sent in before 31st December, 1921. Those who apply before the 31st December, 1921, and are approved, will be allowed to avail themselves of the privilege of free passages at any time before the 31st December, 1922. (a) The tSrm “ dependant ” is confined in the case of ex-service men to legal wives, and legitimate sons and step-sons under 16 years of age on 8th April, 1919, and legitimate daughters and step-daughters under 18 years of age on the same date, and in the case of ex-service women and widows of ex-service men, to legitimate children as defined above. (&) The grant of free passages will include the grant of a third-class railway warrant from the place of residence to the port of embarkation, but will not include any assistance in respect of the cost of the journey from the port of disembarkation overseas to the settler’s final destination. (c) Approved applicants may avail themselves of any superior class on payment of the difference to the shipping companies. 18 {d) No special shipping accommodation is reserved in connection with this scheme, and approved applicants must make their own arrangements for their passages with the shipping companies. No priority can be obtained for applicants. ( e ) The question of assured employment is one for the authorities of the country to which an applicant desires to go. In cases of doubt, full particulars of an applicant’s prospects of employment should be furnished on the forms. (b) Steamship Lines. Company. Address of Head Office. Canada — Anchor Donaldson . Canadian Pacific Ocean Services, Ltd. Cunard Line. White Star (Dominion) Australia and New Zealand — Via Suez — Orient Line ... P. & O. Steam Navigation Co. ... Queensland Line Via Cape — ♦Aberdeen Line ♦The Blue Funnel Line . ♦P. & O. Branch Service ♦White Star Line. Via Panama. New Zealand Shipping Co. Shaw, Savill and Albion Co., Ltd_ oFederal and Shire Lines ... South Africa — SEllerman & Bucknall S.S. Co., Ltd. f§Natal Line . f§J. T. Rennie, Son & Co. Union-Castle Line ... 12-16, St. Vincent Place, Glasgow. Pier Head, Liverpool. 14, Cockspur Street, S.W.l. 8 , Waterloo Place, S.W.l. Cunard Building, Pier Head, Liverpool. 51, Bishopsgate, E.C.2. 30, James Street, Liverpool. 38, Leadenhall Street, E.C.3. Anderson, Green & Co., Ltd., 5, Fenchurch Avenue, E.C.3. 122, Leadenhall Street, E.C.3. 122, Leadenhall Street, E.C.3. Geo. Thompson & Co., Ltd., 7, Billiter Square, E.C.3. A. Holt & Co., India Building, Water Street, Liverpool. 32, Lime Street, E.C.3. 30, James Street, Liverpool. 138, Leadenhall Street, E.C.3. 34, Leadenhall Street, E.C.3. 2, Fenchurch Avenue, E.C.3. 5-6, Billiter Avenue, E.C.3. Bullard, King & Co., 14, St. Mary Axe, E.C.3. 4, East India Avenue, E.C.3. 3-4, Fenchurch Street, E.C.3. (c) Sailings. Particulars as to the despatch of vessels, and as to fares, which are liable to change, are advertised in the newspapers, or may be obtained from the various shipping companies or their agents. Settlers should ascertain the hour at which the ship starts, in case it is necessary for them to sleep at the port of embarkation the night before. (d) Fares. At the present time the cheapest rates to these Dominions are as follows :— To Canada ... ... ... ... ^18 0 0 to ^19 0 0 ,, Australia ... ... ... ... ^40 0 0 ,, New Zealand ... ... ... £40 0 0 ,, South Africa (Cape Town) ... £20 0 0 to £24 0 0 These rates do not include the railway fares to the port of embarkation, nor the cost of the railway fares on the other side. § First Class passengers only. Town, o Also via the Cape. f To Durban (not Cape Town). * Call at Cape 1481 19 (e) Assisted and Nominated Passages. Passages at special rates may be granted to female domestic servants and to near relatives by certain of the Oversea Governments. Application should be made direct to the High Commissioner of the Dominion, or Agent-General of the State or province concerned. (f) Third Class Accommodation. Third class is the cheapest class of travel at sea, and third class passengers must realise that they will have to live for the whole period of the voyage at very close quarters with a number of fellow travellers of very varied types. (g) Regulations for Emigrant Ships. The Merchant Shipping Acts, 1894 and 1906, require British emigrant ships to be seaworthy and have proper accommodation, to furnish good and sufficient food, to provide medicines, and on large ships to carry a surgeon, and in other ways protect the interests of the emigrants. Short summaries of these regu¬ lations are posted up in every ship ; emigrants who find that they are not being fairly treated should immediately complain. If the ship improperly fails to start on the day contracted for, the emigrant, or any emigration officer on his or her behalf, may claim subsistence money till she does start. Frauds on Emigrants .—Anyone who fraudulently induces, or attempts to induce, any person to emigrate, or to engage a steerage passage in any ship, is liable to fine or imprisonment. Passports .—At present every person leaving this country must'be in possession of a passport. Applications for passports must be made to the Passport Office, St. James’s Park, London, S.W.l. Persons proceeding under the Oversea Settlement Scheme are, however, provided with a document in lieu of a passport. Working Out Passages .—Settlers have little chance of working their passages out on board ship ; permission rests with the steamship companies, but it is very seldom granted. 6. RAILWAYS. (a) Fares. Canada. The following are approximately the present third-class rates from St. John, N.B., and Halifax to the places named. The rates at present are subject, however, to frequent change. Facilities for obtaining food are provided at various points on the long railway journey to Western Canada. Town. Province. Ordinary Single Fare. Calgary Alberta ... 1 s. d. 10 17 0 Edmonton ... Alberta .... 10 17 0 London Ontario ...* 4 16 9 Montreal Quebec ... 2 10 0 Ottawa . Ontario ... 3 7 6 Regina Saskatchewan ... 9 13 0 Toronto Ontario ... 4 10 0 Vancouver ... British Columbia 14 1 3 Winnipeg Manitoba 8 15 0 20 Australia. The Trans-Australian Railway, connecting Perth with Brisbane, was con¬ structed, and is owned and worked, by the Commonwealth of Australia. Fares. —Passengers may book between the places and at the through fares specified hereunder. There are only two classes. Between And Ordinary Single Fare. 1st Class. 2nd Class. Adelaide Broken Hill £ s. d. 3 5 11 £ s. d. 2 4 0 Melbourne ... Ballarat ... 0 14 6 0 9 10 ,, ... ... Geelong ... 0 9 1 0 6 0 ,, ... • . • Albury ... 1 16 3 1 3 2 Mildura ... 3 5 7 2 3 9 Sydney Bathurst 1 8 9 0 18 10 Goulburn 1 7 2 0 17 9 Newcastle 0 15 11 0 10 4 » . Albury . 4 2 11 2 9 3 New Zealand. Ordinary Single Fare. Between And 1st Class. 2nd Class. (1) North Island. Auckland ... New Plymouth ... £ s. d. 3 8 4 £ d. 2 6 7 Napier 3 9 4 2 7 3 >> Wellington 3 5 6 2 4 8 Wellington New Plymouth ... 1 19 1 1 6 7 Napier ... . ... 1 10 7 1 0 10 (2) South Island Dunedin ... Christchurch 1 15 5 1 4 2 Invercargill 1 1 4 0 14 6 21 South Africa. There are three classes, but the third class is chiefly used by natives. Between And Ordinary Single Fare. 1st Class. 2nd Class. £ s. d. £ s. d. Cape Town ... Kimberley 6 6 3 4 4 3 ,, Maf eking... 8 4 3 5 9 6 ,, Buluwayo 13 18 3 9 15 0 ,, Salisbury 17 1 3 12 2 6 Port Elizabeth ... 7 2 6 4 14 3 Bloemfontein 7 3 9 4 16 0 ,, J ohannesburg ... 8 19 0 5 19 6 Pretoria ... 9 7 0 6 4 9 Port Elizabeth Kimberley 4 16 3 3 4 3 ,, Buluwayo 12 11 0 8 16 9 .. Bloemfontein 4 9 6 2 19 9 ,, J ohannesburg ... 6 18 9 4 12 6 Pretoria 7 2 0 4 14 9 East London Buluwayo 12 14 6 8 19 3 J ohannesburg ... 6 10 0 4 6 6 Durban Pretoria ... 6 15 3 4 10 0 Johannesburg ... 4 16 3 3 4 3 ,, Pretoria ... 5 1 0 3 7 3 ,, Mafeking... 6 11 9 4 7 9 ” Buluwayo 12 5 9 8 13 3 (b) Luggage. Canada. On the trains in Canada first-class passengers are allowed 150 lb. free. Colonist and second-class passengers booking in Europe to points in Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and British Columbia are allowed 300 lb. weight of personal effects. Colonist and second-class passengers to other points are allowed 150 lb. weight free of charge. No single piece of baggage exceeding 250 lb. will be carried on a passenger train, but must be sent by slow train at the owner’s expense. Australia. In all the States a passenger is allowed 112 lb. of free luggage in the first class, and 84 lb. in the second class. Half these amounts are allowed for children under 14. Bona-fide settlers travelling second class in New - South Wales may carry 1£ cwt. of luggage free of charge on production of a certificate from the Director of Immigration and Tourist Bureau, Challis House, Martin Place, Sydney. Excess luggage im Tasmania is charged Is. for every 56 lb. or fraction thereof for every 50 miles or fraction of 50 miles. In New South Wales and other Australian States it is charged at parcel rates. New Zealand. 112 lb. of luggage are allowed free to each adult passenger on the Govern¬ ment railway lines ; excess luggage is charged 1 /4 for every 56 lb. or portion thereof for every 50 miles, or fraction of 50 miles. South Africa. Free luggage is allowed to second-class passengers, 75 lb. ; first class, 100 lb. ; and half these amounts for children. 22 7. PROCEDURE. (a) Before Sailing. Clothing and Outfit. No large outfit is necessary. Settlers having knives, forks, spoons, bed and table linen, kitchen utensils, sewing machines, and other small articles or orna¬ ments should take them, but not heavy furniture, as free luggage is limited. Women should take all the clothes they have, including, if possible, the following for the voyage and subsequent use. In all cases an extra supply of flannel will be found useful. Opportunities occur for washing clothes on board ship on the longer voyages :— One warm and two cotton dresses, two pairs strong shoes, one close-fitting hat, six articles of each kind of underclothing, handkerchiefs, towels, sewing materials, one pair slippers, one cloak or shawl, and strong cabin trunk or shallow box. For Canada, a thick coat or jacket, rug or blanket, and woollen scarf and gloves, and additional warm dress are required. Those settling in South Africa away from the coast should be well equipped with warm clothing for the winter. Medical Examination. The medical examination by the Board of Trade doctor prior to departure from the United Kingdom is solely for the purposes of the Merchant Shipping Acts, and does not in any way guarantee the settler against exclusion on arrival on medical or physical grounds. Customs Tariffs. As a rule, Customs Regulations in the Dominions are more stringent than in the United Kingdom, but the ordinary effects of travellers and a reasonable quantity of new clothing (if solely for the personal use of the owner and not for other persons or for trading purposes), as well as tools and handicraft implements, are admitted free of duty if accompanying the owner. (b) On Voyage. Amount of free luggage allowed to each adult passenger on board ship :— 1 st class. 2 nd class. 3rd class. Extra Luggage. Canada Australia^ New Zealand ... South Africa ... Cub. ft. 20 40 40 30 Cub. ft. 20 20 20 25 Cub. ft. io s 15 15 15-20 Per cub. ft. 3 4s - 3s. S 5s. Is. 6d. to 2s. Children .—The quantity of free luggage allowed to children is in proportion to their age. Luggage required for use on the voyage should be so labelled ; a box for use in|the cabin should not be more than about 2 ft. long, 1 ft. 9 in. broad, and 1 ft. 2 in. high ; one box of this size can be taken in the cabin by each adult passenger, and is reckoned in the allowance. 23 Boxes.— Cubic contents :— Length. Breadth. Depth. Contents. Length. Breadth. Depth. Contents. ft. in. ft- in. f \ in. cub. ft. ft- in. ft. in. ft- in. cub. ft. 2 0 2 0 3 5-0 3 0 2 6 2 0 150 2 0 2 0 2 0 8-0 3 0 3 0 2 0 180 2 6 2 0 2 0 10-0 3 0 3 0 3 0 27-0 3 0 2 6 1 0 7-6 3 6 2 0 1 0 7-0 3 0 2 6 1 3 9-5 3 6 2 6 1 3 10-11 3 0 3 0 1 6 13-6 3 6 3 0 1 1 6 15-9 Food (three or four good meals a day), sleeping accommodation, bedding, and other necessaries are in all classes included in the fare. Medical attendance is included in the fare for third-class passengers, but it is customary for first and second saloon passengers to pay for such attendance. Passengers are advised to deposit their money, jewellery, and other valuables with the ship’s purser for safe keeping. (c) On Landing. Canada. Between the 1st of January and the 31st of March a woman settler must have, at the time of arrival, at least $250 and a ticket, or additional money to purchase a ticket, to her destination. A woman travelling with children must have $250 for herself, and $50 for each member of her family between 5 and 18 years, besides tickets to their destination. This will not apply to persons who have been specially authorized to proceed, and have the landing card issued by the Superintendent of Emigration, 1, Regent'Street, London, S.W.l. The immigration agent has authority to exempt a settler from the money quali¬ fication providing he is satisfied that: (a) she is going to assured employment in domestic service, and has a ticket or money for transport to her destination ; ( b ) she is going to reside with certain near relatives who are able and willing to support her and has the means of reaching the place of residence of such relatives. The Government Immigration Agencies are at the places named in the list on page 28. At Quebec, Montreal, St. John, Halifax, Toronto, Winnipeg, Brandon, Lethbridge, Calgary, Edmonton, Battleford, Prince Aljbert, Regina, Saskatoon, &c., there are good depots for the temporary reception of those who cannot afford to pay for rooms, but settlers must provide their own food, which they can buy at the depot or elsewhere. The Commissioner of Immigration at Winnipeg has a staff of land guides and agents, and offers assistance to those emigrating to Manitoba and other Western Provinces. Australia. Settlers are generally met by a Government official at the port of arrival. Employment is found for Government assisted immigrants, and endeavours are made to assist all other settlers as far as practicable through officials of the Immigration Department and Labour Bureaux. Settlers having friends in the State should communicate with them beforehand, and take references as to character with them. Advice'and assistance may be applied for to the officials mentioned at page 29. New Zealand. There are no regulations requiring a settler to have any specific sum of money in her possession on landing. 24 South Africa. Settlers going out under agreement of service are met at the port of landing by the employer or his agent. For settlers going out on their own responsibility no Government arrangements are made. Settlers having friends in South Africa will do well to communicate with them beforehand. Vaccination. Canada. Every person entering Canada must furnish evidence, to the satisfaction of a quarantine officer, of having been vaccinated, or having had small-pox. Every person not showing satisfactory evidence of having been vaccinated, or having had small-pox, must be vaccinated by a quarantine officer, or detained under observation. The production of an endorsement on the passenger’s ticket by the ship’s surgeon that the passenger has been successfully vaccinated may be taken as evidence of vaccination by the quarantine officer, but the officer may himself also personally examine passengers. The ship’s surgeon must examine each steerage passenger. Persons refusing vaccination, when ordered, are detained at the quarantine station for not less than 18 days. Australia. In New South Wales there is no statutory provision for compulsory vaccination, though such exists in all the other States of the Commonwealth. There are, in the case of South Australia, Western Australia, and Tasmania, conscientious objection clauses. With the exception of Victoria the Vaccination Acts are, however, not generally enforced. New Zealand. Vaccination is compulsory, but there is an exemption clause for conscientious objectors. South Africa. In the Cape Province children must be vaccinated within three months of their birth. Every child born in Natal, or entering the Province under 16 years old, must be vaccinated or prove previous vaccination, but the Vaccination Act has a conscientious objection clause. In the Transvaal vaccination is not com¬ pulsory, but it may be made so if in any municipality an outbreak of disease is threatened. In the Orange Free State all children must be vaccinated after birth, and after reaching 12 years of age, and all other suspected persons may be required. (d) The best time for arriving. Canada. April is the best month. It is not advisable to go out after autumn or before spring except to assured employment. Australia. March to November, for preference, in New South Wales ; March to November in Victoria ; December to May in Tasmania ; April to July in Queensland ; April to October in South Australia ; and September to November in Western Australia. New Zealand. Any time of the year, but for preference during the spring months (September to November) in the North Island ; and during the summer in the South Island, i.e., December to February. South Africa. At any time : September for preference. 25 8. EDUCATION. Canada. Education is generally compulsory throughout the Dominion, and excellent undenominational free schools are provided under the Provincial Legislatures. There are several universities and agricultural colleges, and numerous technical schools, institutes, and high schools. Training Colleges .—The Macdonald Institutes, connected with the Agricul¬ tural Training Colleges at Guelph (Ontario), and St. Anne de Bellevue (Quebec), offer domestic economy training to women students. Australia. Schools are maintained by the Government, and parents are obliged to educate their children, no fees being charged. The education provided is mainly secular. New Zealand. The public (primary) schools are free, and the instruction is secular and compulsory for children between the ages of 7 and 14. There are also secondary schools and colleges, technical and private schools, as well as a university which has power to confer degrees. An agricultural college is maintained at Lincoln, near Christchurch. South Africa. Education is compulsory almost throughout the Union. It is generally provided for by school fees, supplemented by State contributions and local rates. Instruction at elementary schools in the Transvaal is free. University colleges in each of the Provinces provide for higher education, the fees being about £\2 for tuition, and ^50 for boarding, per annum. Both English and Dutch are taught. 9. PROHIBITED IMIVHQRANTS. The various Immigration Restriction Acts prohibit the entry into the Dominions of any persons within the following category :— Description. Any person who is :— (a) An idiot, feeble-minded or epileptic. (b) Deaf and dumb, or blind and infirm. (c) Insane or mentally deficient. ( d ) So physically defective as to render him or her liable to become a charge upon the public or any charitable institution. (e) A criminal, or of immoral character. (/) Afflicted with any dangerous, infec¬ tious, contagious, loathsome or other disease. (g) A beggar, vagrant, or is likely to become a public charge. ( h ) Not in possession of a prescribed cer¬ tificate of health. (i) Fails to pass any medical or other examination required. (;) On economic grounds or whose stand¬ ard or habits of life are unsuited to the requirements of the Union. (£) Educationally deficient or unable to read or write any European language. Notes. (a), (6), (e), (d), (e) and (/) apply throughout the Dominions. (c) This applies in the case of Canada to anyone who has had an attack of insanity within five years. In Australia any emigrant may be deemed a prohibited immi¬ grant who contravenes the regulations within three years of landing in the Common¬ wealth. (g) Canada. (h) Australia. {i), (j) and ( k ) South Africa. 26 10. HOSTELS FOR WOMEN IN THE OVERSEA DOMINIONS. The following hostels (under the management of the Dominion Authority) provide free board and lodging for 24 hours to approved settlers on arrival:— Canada. Vancouver Calgary Regina Winnipeg Montreal St. John Halifax Toronto 119, Pender Street, W. 120, Fourth Avenue, W. 1839, Lome Street. 130, Austin Street. 551, Dorchester Street, W. 21, Brittain Street. 163, Young Avenue. 72, Carlton Street. Other residential hostels for women in Canada :— Halifax — Y.W.C.A. ... Salvation Army St. John — Y.W.C.A. ... Quebec — Y.W.C.A. ... 66, Hollis Street. Scotia Lodge, 163, Barrington Street. 23, King Street. 127, St. Anne Street. Montreal — The Andrews Home Y.W.C.A. Hostels at Roman Catholic Salvation Army 46, Belmont Park. 502, Dorchester Street; 1024, Park Avenue ; 25, St. Famille Street; 1021, Wellington Street; 354, Notre Dame Street. 1133, Dorchester Street. Cathcart Lodge, 24, Cathcart Street. Ottawa — Y.W.C.A. 135, Metcalfe Street. Toronto — Y.W.C.A. Hostels at G.F.S. Lodge Roman Catholic St. Philips’ Neri Hostel Salvation Army 18, Elm Street; 180, Simcoe Street; 248, Dufferin Street; 76, Pembroke Street ; 674, Dundas Street. 88, Charles Street. 916, Young Street. 251, Sherbourne Street. 297, George Street. There are also Y.W.C.A. Hostels at Hamilton, Niagara Falls, Brantford, Kingston, London, Kitchener, Guelph, Stratford, Peterborough, Woodstock, Paris, Parry Sound, Sarnia, and St. Thomas. Winnipeg — Y.W.C.A. Roman Catholic Salvation Army Regina — Y.W.C.A. Saskatoon — Church Teachers’ Hostel Y.W.C.A. Hostels at Moose Jaw — Y.W.C.A. ... 447, Ellice Avenue West. Franciscan Convent, 139, Jarvis Street. Balmoral Lodge, 241, Balmoral Street. 1950, Lome Street. Corner Elliott Street and McKinnon Street. Third Avenue and Twenty-fourth Street. 144, Ominica Street. 27 Residential hostels in Canada— continued. Prince Albert — Y.W.C.A. Calgary — Y.W.C.A. Canadian Women’s Hostel 138, Ninth Street.' 223, Twelfth Avenue West. 120, Fourth Avenue West. Edmonton — Y.W.C.A. Roman Catholic Medicine Hat — Y.W.C.A. Kelowna — J oyce Hostel Vernon, B.C .— Princess Patricia Ranch New Westminster — Y.W.C.A.. 10,032, 103rd Street. Catholic Women’s League Hostel, 522, Fifth Street. Corner Sixth Avenue and Fourth Street. Box 639 P.O. Small Farm Settlement (admission through S.O.S.B.W. only). 348, Columbia Street. Vancouver — Y.W.C.A. ... . 997, Dunsmuir Street. Salvation Army ... ... Mount Pleasant Lodge, 75, Seventh Avenue East. Victoria — Y.W.C.A. ... ... ... 745, Yates Street, and 756, Courtney Street. Hostels for women in Australia. Government hostels providing free accommodation for settlers on arrival:— Brisbane ... ... ... ... Government Depot. Fremantle . Government Home for Women. Sydney Residential hostels in Australia :— Sydney — G.F.S. Lodge Y.W.C.A. Salvation Army Church Agency House Adelaide — G.F.S. Lodge Y.W.C.A. Salvation Army Melbourne — G.F.S. Lodge Y.W.C.A. Salvation Army Perth — G.F.S. Lodge Salvation Army The St. George’s Lodge Brisbane — Y.W.C.A. Salvation Army Lady Musgrave’s Lodge 168, William Street. 189, Liverpool Street. People’s Palace, Goulburn Street, and 398 and 496, Pitt Street. 7, Princes Street, Dawes Point. Pennington Terrace, North Adelaide. Hindmarsh Square. People’s Palace, Pirie Street. 37, Spring Street. 60, Russell Street. People’s Palace, 131, King Street, nr. Burke Street. 240, Adelaide Terrace. People’s Palace, Pier Street. Museum Street. Adelaide Street. People’s Place, Edward Street. Herbert Street. 28 Residential hostels in Australia— continued. Hobart — G.F.S. Lodge... Y.W.C.A. Launceston — G.F.S. Lodge ... Ballarat — G.F.S. Lodge... Salvation Army Manly — Salvation Army Devonport — Salvation Army Townsville — Salvation Army Geelong — Y.W.C.A. 2, Patrick Street. Macquarie Street. 11, Stewart Street. Wilson House, 5, Lyons Street, North. People’s Palace, Lidiard Street. People’s Palace, Belgrave Street. People’s Palace, The Esplanade. People’s Palace, Corner of Sturt and Black¬ wood Streets. 160, Moorabool Street. The New Zealand Government utilises the hostels of the Y.W.C.A. and G.F.S., for the reception of women immigrants. A uckland — Y.W.C.A. G.F.S. Lodge... Salvation Army Wellington — Y.W.C.A. G.F.S. Lodge... Salvation Army Christ Church — Y.W.C.A. G.F.S. Lodge... Salvation Army Invercargill — Y.W.C.A. Napier — G.F.S. Lodge Dunedin — Y.W.C.A. Wanganui — G.F.S. Lodge ... Upper Queen Street. Wellesley Street, East. People’s Palace, Wellesley Street. Herbert Street. 23, Vivian Street. People’s Palace, Cuba Street. 245, Madras Street. 250, Gloucester Street, East. People’s Palace, Manchester Street. Esk Street. 1, Sea view Terrace. Moray Place West. 8, Campbell Street. Hostels for women in Africa :— Cape Town — Rhodes Hostel Y.W.C.A. Port Elizabeth — Y.W.C.A. East London— Y.W.C.A . Bulawayo —■ New Rhodes Hostel (S.A.C.S.). Y.W.C.A. Mowbray. 76, Long Street. Castle Hill. 6, Inverleith Terrace. Main Street. Monteith, Ninth Avenue. 29 Hostels for women in Africa— continued. Y.W.C.A. G.F.S. Lodge. The Esplanade, near Gardiner Street. 61-63 Grey Street. Johannesburg — Rhodes Hostel (S.A.C.S.) Y.W.C.A. 76, De Villiers Street. Princess Christian House, Jeppe Street. Grahamstown — Y.W.C.A. The Manse. Salisbury — Sacs Hostel ... Selous Avenue. Pietermaritzburg— Y.W.C.A. Chapel Street. Pretoria — Y.W.C.A. Minaar Street. Bloemfontein — Y.W.C.A. 34, Lombard Street. Nairobi — Y.W.C.A. 11. AGENCIES. (a) Government Offices of the Dominions, Provinces and States, in London. Canada. High Commissioner for Canada, 19, Victoria Street, London; S.W.l. The Superintendent of Emigration, British Columbia House, 1, Regent Street, London, S.W.l. Province. Nova Scotia Quebec Ontario British Columbia... Newfoundland . Agents-General for the Provinces. Address ... 57a, Pall Mall, London, S.W.l. ... 38, Kingsway, London, W.C.2. 163, Strand, London, W.C.2. ... 1, Regent Street, London, S.W.l. High Commissioner for Newfoundland, 58, Victoria Street, London, S.W.l. Australia. High Commissioner for the Commonwealth of Australia, Australia House Strand, London, W.C.2. Director of Migration and Settlement, Australia House, Strand, W.C.2. State. New South Wales Victoria. South Australia ... Queensland Western Australia Tasmania. New Zealand. Agents-General for the States. Address. ... Australia House, Strand, London, W.C.2. ... Melbourne Place, Strand, London, W.C.2. ... Australia House, Strand, London, W.C.2. ... 409 Strand, London, W.C.2. ... Savoy House, 115, Strand, London, W.C.2. ... Australia House, Strand, London, W.C.2. High Commissioner for New Zealand, 413-416, Strand, London, W.C.2. Union of South Africa. High Commissioner for the Union of South Africa, 32, Victoria Street, London, S.W.l. British South Africa Company, 2, London Wall Buildings, London, E.C.2. Rhodesia. British South Africa Company, Rhodesia Information Bureau, 166, Strand, London, W.C.2. 30 (b) Government Offices in the Dominions. (i) Dominion Government Offices in Canada. Office. Address. Dominion Immigration Agent ... Edmonton >» ,, ,, ... Grand Prairie. ,, ... Grouard. > t )) > f ... Halifax. >i i < > i ... Kamloops. ... Lethbridge. >> ,, ,, ... Medicine Hat. ,, ... Montreal, 172, St. Antoine Street. ... Moose Jaw. ,, ,, ,, ... Maple Creek. ,, ,, ,, ... New Westminster. Superintendent of Immigration ... Ottawa, Norlite Building, 150, Wei lington Street. Dominion Immigration Agent ... Port Arthur. ... Prince Albert. ,, i > i > ... Quebec. ,, ,, ,, ... Regina. »> ,, ,, ... Red Deer. > > i > ii ... St. John. a a ,i ... Saskatoon. ,, ... Swift Current. Director of Colonization ... ... Toronto, Parliament Buildings. Government Immigration Depart- ment ... Toronto, 34, Adelaide Street East. Dominion Immigration Agent ... Vancouver. 9f tf )f ... Victoria. ,, ,, ,, ... Winnipeg. ,, ,, ,, ... Yorkton. (ii) Provincial Government Offices in Canada. Province. Office. Address. Nova Scotia Department of Indus¬ 179, Hallis Street, Halifax. tries and Immigration. New Brunswick Provincial Government 4, Church Street, St. John, Superintendent of and Immigration Build¬ Immigration. ing, St. John. Prince Edward Island Provincial Government Charlottetown. Agent. Quebec. Government Immigration 82, St. Antoine Street, Office. Montreal. Government Free Labour 41, Craig Street East, Bureau. Montreal. Ontario ... Director of Colonization Parliament Buildings, Toronto. Government Immigration Toronto. Department. Manitoba ... ‘'j Saskatchewan ... V Alberta ... ... J Commissioner of Immigra¬ tion. Winnipeg. British Columbia Provincial Government Vancouver. Agent. Provincial Government Victoria. Agent. 1 Provincial Government Kamloops. Agent. 31 (b) Government Offices in the Dominions— continued. (iii) Government Immigration Agencies and Labour Bureaux in Australia. Office. Address. New South Wales — The Government Immigration and Tourist Bureau ... ... ... ... ... Challis House, Martin Place, Sydney. Victoria — The Government Immigration and Labour Bureau . ... ... 555, Flinders Street, Melbourne. South Australia — The Government Labour Exchange Queensland — The Government Immigration Agent Victoria Square, Adelaide. Brisbane, and all the principal towns. Western Australia — The State Labour Bureau ... Tasmania — The Secretary, Immigration Board and The Government Labour Bureau ... Irvin Street, Perth, and at all the principal towns. Public Buildings, Murray Street, Hobart. ... Hobart. (iv) Government Agencies in New Zealand. Office. Address. The Government Labour Bureau '"Wellington. Auckland. ...-^ Christchurch. Dunedin. ^Nelson, and other towns. (v) Government Agencies in South Africa. Province. Office. Address. Cape Province ... Natal Provincial Labour Bureau Provincial Labour Bureau Lelie Street, Cape Town ■ Port Elizabeth, East London, Barkly West. Durban, Pietermaritzburg, Vryheid, Eshowe, &c. (c) Emigration and Friendly Societies in Great Britain. Name of Society. Address. Remarks. Society for the Oversea Settlement of British Women. t Young Women’s Christian Associa¬ tion. Hotel Windsor, Victoria Street, S.W.l. 26, George Street, Han¬ over Square, London, S.W.l. This Society is an amal¬ gamation of the princi- palWomen’s Emigration Societies with the addition of representa¬ tives from the Women’s Services. Arranges passages and ad¬ vises girls with regard to accommodation and em¬ ployment. Residential hostels maintained in many large cities. t Represented on the Society for the Oversea Settlement of British Women. 32 (c) Emigration and Friendly Societies in Great Britain — continued. Name of Society. *f Girls’ Friendly Society ♦Salvation Army ♦Church Army O.S. Dept. Church Emigration Society. Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge ♦Catholic Emigration Society. ♦Jewish Board of Guardians. ♦Central Emigration Board. ♦British Dominions Emi¬ gration Society. ♦Incorporated Associa¬ tion for the relief of distressed Protestants. ♦Central Bureau for employment of edu¬ cated women. Address. 39, Victoria Street, London, S.W.l. 122, Queen Victoria St., London, E.C.4. 15, Waterloo Place S.W.l. Church House, Dean’s Yard, Westminster, S.W.l. 6, St. Martin’s Place, London, W.C.2. 116, Victoria Street, London, S.W.l (pro tem). 127, Middlesex Street, Bishopsgate Street, London, E.l. Cromwell House, Surrey Street, Strand, W.C.2 34, Newark Street, Step¬ ney, E.l. 41, Molesworth Street, Dublin. 5, Princes Street, Caven¬ dish Square, London, W.l. Remarks. Advises with regard to the emigration of women and girls, and assists suitable cases with loans of part passage. Hostels maintained. Advises as to openings for women and girls in all the Oversea Dominions and organises through conducted parties on ocean and land to various centres. Gives advice on Oversea settlement and arranges passages to all parts of the Empire. Loans occasionally given. Advice given to members of the Church of Eng¬ land only. Provides chaplains to meet settlers at British and Colonial ports, and to accompany parties on the voyage. Advises Roman Catholics and promotes protected emigration of women and children and ar¬ ranges for reception in the Dominions. Assists Jews to emigrate. Loans made to necessi¬ tous cases for whole or part fares only. Organises parties of settlers and assists necessitous cases with loans. Introductions given to correspondents in the Dominions. Loans made in necessitous cases as funds permit. Advice given and pas¬ sages arranged. Assists Protestants in Dublin to emigrate. Loans available, in suit¬ able cases, towards Colo¬ nial training, passage and outfit. * Loans occasionally available. f Represented on the Society for the Oversea Settlement of British Women. 33 (c) Emigration and Friendly Societies in Great Britain — continued. Name of Society. Address. Remarks. Travellers’ Aid Society Victoria League ♦Oversea Nursing Association. ♦Girls’ Realm Guild of Service and Good Fellowship. 6, Baker Street, London, W.l. Settlers Welcome Com¬ mittee, 22, Eccleston Square, S.W.l. Imperial Institute, South Kensington, S.W.3. 13, Southampton Street, Covent Garden, Lon¬ don, W.C.2. Arranges to meet girls at United Kingdom or Do¬ minion ports and makes private inquiry as to the respectability of situa¬ tions offered to them. Offers to give to settlers (with good references) letters of introduction to corresponding Welcome Committees in Domin¬ ions. Provides fully trained nurses for hospitals and private work in the Dominions, and at the request of the Colonial Office recommends nurses for Government service. Loans for fares arranged through Local Committees in Dominions. Loans towards Colonial training available in special cases for girls of the educated classes. ♦The Fellowship of the Maple Leaf. 13, Victoria Street, Lon¬ don, S.W.l. Promotes the undertaking of teaching by British women in the Western Provinces of Canada, who are members of the Church of England; financial help given to suitable cases. ♦Navy League Oversea Dominions Relief Fund. ♦Kent Colonization Society. ♦Sussex Colonization Association. 13, Victoria Street, S.W.l. Secretary, 28, Monson Colonnade, Tunbridge Wells. 28, St. Andrew’s Square, Hastings. Financial help considered towards training, pas¬ sage and outfit for de¬ pendants of disabled Naval or Mercantile Marine men. Assists Kentish women and girls to emigrate in conjunction with the B.W.E.A. Arranges passages for sett¬ lers going to Dominions from Sussex, and makes loans to suitable cases. * Loans occasionally available. 34 (c) Emigration a«td Friendly Societies in Great UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS-URBANA 3 0112 072465914 Name of Society. Address. Remarks. ♦Jewish Colonization 16, Old Broad Street, Assists approved settlers Association. London, E.C.2. from countries in which Jews are persecuted and helps them to settle in agricultural Colonies overseas. Liverpool Self-Help Tower Building, Water Advises intending settlers Emigration Society. Street, Liverpool. regarding emigration. * Loans occasionally available. 12. HINTS TO WOMEN SETTLERS. 1. Don’t expect everything to be done in the Dominions as it is in the United Kingdom. You can and will have to accustom yourself to new conditions. You must remember that the habits and customs of a country cannot be changed to please new arrivals, and that old residents are more likely than newcomers to know what suits their country best. 2. Don’t criticise your new surroundings, or try to make out that things are better done in this country than they are oversea. That is not the way to get on and make friends in your new home. 3. Make sure that you have enough money in your pocket when you land oversea to cover any travelling and other expenses, and to keep you going until you can get work. 4. Don’t let strangers know how much money you have brought with you. 5. Don’t trust strangers, however friendly they may seem, but apply for any information you want to Government Agents, who will always be willing to do their best to help you. 6. Don't sell up your home or your business until you have learned that you are able to sail. 7. Don’t invest money until you have been working a year.