RESULTS Circular No. 35 .] OF THE SOIL TEST OF FERTILIZERS, CONDUCTED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE COMMISSIONER OF AGRICULTURE OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA. FOR THE YEAR 1876. ALSO, < ANALYSES OF FERTILIZERS To be Sold in Georgia in 1877. WITH THE COMMERCIAL VALUES AND PRICES OF EACH BRAND. ALSO, FORMULAE AND DIRECTIONS FOR COM¬ POSTING ; AND COMMENTS ON THE EX¬ PERIMENTS AND ANALYSES. ATLANTA, GEORGIA, JANUARY, 1877. * . . i . • - * V / f SOIL TEST OF FERTILIZERS FOR 1876. The Commissioner of Agriculture required 500 lbs. of each brand of ferti. zer sold in Georgia, to be subjected to a thorough soil test. The persons designated to make this test were selected from among the most intelligent and careful farmers in the State. As far as possible, each sam¬ ple of 500 lbs. was divided into three equal portions, and one portion sent to each section of the State—Northern, Middle, and Southern Georgia. And as far as possible, an ammoniated and a non-ammoniated fertilizer was sent to each experimenter. The following directions for conducting the test (being a reprint of special circular No. 16 of the Department, dated 3d February, 1876,) were sent to each person selected to make the test, and a promise received in every case, to conduct the same according to the rules, before any sam • pie was sent: Persons to whom samples of fertilizers are submitted for thorough and practical test, are required to conduct their experiments in a manner that will set forth results fully and fairly, and report the same promptly by the first day of December to this Department, giving full details, as follows: 1. State the character of the soil and subsoil in which the test is made, whether sandy, clayey, marly or calcareous, and whether upland or bottom. 2. Select a plat of land as nearly uniform in character and fertility as possible. 8. On this plat lay off rows, if the test is made with cotton, three feet wide, and either 85 or 70 yards long. Apply each fertilizer to four con' eecutive row’s, leaving four rows unfertilized between those fertilized with different brands; thus, A four rows ; without fertilizer four rows ; B four rows; without fertilizer four ; C four, etc., through the plat. When the crop matures, weigh carefully and report the production of the tioo middle rows of each four, fertilized and unfertilized. 4. State the treatment of the soil on which the test is made, both as to 4 crops cultivated and fertilizers used for several previous years, and, if practicable, select a plat which was not fertilized in 1875. 5. In this experiment use each fertilizer or compost at the rate of 200 pounds per acre regardless of cost. 6. If compost is used , state the formula adopted in composting , giving this quantity and character of each ingredient and the method employed in com¬ posting. 7. If convenient, purchase on the market some of the same brands as those submitted for test, and report the results as directed in No. 4 above. 8. Use on the same plat any other brand which you may have. 9. Use a portion of the samples submitted for test, in contrast with any others you may have, on any other crop omyour farm or garden, and re¬ port results. 10. In conducting these tests, be careful to have the preparation, plant¬ ing , stand and cultivation, identical on each four rows , the only difference being in the kind of fertilizer used. Without this the test will not be reliable. 11. State the time and manner of preparation, time and manner of planting, mode of cultivation, seasons, both as to temperature and rain¬ fall, and any other facts of interest connected with the test of fertilizers. 12. In giving the yield of cotton, report the number of pounds of seed cotton produced by the two middle rows of each four, fertilized and un¬ fertilized. If the test is made on small grain, report the bushels of grain and pounds of straw per acre. If it is made on corn, report the bushels of grain and pounds of fodder per acre. 13. Conduct any other test in any manner you may prefer, and report results and facts as above requested. 14. When an Acid Phosphate or Dissolved Bone— not ammoniated —is tested, compost it by formula No. 1 for composting, given in circular No. 22 of this Department.* 15. Preserve a fair sample of every fertilizer you test. Put it in a bottle andsealit up, and label it correctly. A common quinine bottle full is about the proper quantity to save, and is most convenient. These experiments, to be valuable, should be conducted with great care, and the results accurately reported as soon as they are ascertained. ’•'Formula No. 1 for Composting. —Stable manure, (preserved under shelter), 750 pounds; cotton seed, (green,) 750 pounds; Acid Phosphate or Dissolved Bone, 500 pounds Total, 2,000 pounds, or one ton. Directions .—Spread, under shelter, a layer of stable manure four inches thick; on this sprinkle a portion of the phosphate; next a layer of cotton seed three inches thick —then wet these thoroughly with water and sprinkle with phosphate. Continue to repeat these layers, in the above order, till all the material is used. Cover the whole mass with stable manure, or scrapings from the lot, one or two inches thick. Allow the heap to stand in this condition until thorough fcrmenta ion takes place, which will require from three to six weeks, according to circumstances, dependent upon the moisture and strength oi the materials used. When the cotton seed are thoroughly killed, with a sharp hoe or mattock, cut down vertically through the layers, pulverize, and shovel into aheap, where the fermentation will be renewed, and the compost be still further improved. It will be ready for use in from one to two weeks, according to convenience. i Results of the Soil Tests. NOTE.—In the following pages, all fertil¬ izers marked with «, were furnished by the Department for soil tests. Experiment of Simeon Smith , Stone Mountain, DeKalb County. Soil. —Sandy, with clay subsoil, very poor; an old field which had been turned out for a number of years— cleared up last spring; never fertilized before. Test made with cotton. Preparation. —Broken both ways with a common scooter plow, about the 15th April, and a light one-horse harrow run over it a few days before planting. Planting. —April 27th, laid off rows 3 feet wide with common scooter, applied seed and fertilizer together in this furrow, and covered with 2 furrows. Cultivation. —It was kept clean with plow and hoe, using the sweep principally. Plat No. 1.—Rows 35 yards long; in sets of 4, and the two middle ones of each set picked for the test—122 stalks of cotton to each. Cotton Compound Am’d Dissolved Bone, 200 lbs. per acre...630 lbs. seed cotton per acre Without fertiliser.. 61& “ “ “ “ “ J. C. Ragsdale’s Am’d Bone Phosphate, 200 lbs. per acre...65634 n “ " “ oAm’d Soluble Bone (Pratt’s Patent), 200 lbs. per acre...-691% M “ " *’ Without fertilizer. 7834 “ “ “ “ oBaldwin <4 Co’s Dis*olved Bone, 200 lbs. per acre.66634 ,l “ “ “ aStrong’s Am’d Superphosphate, 200 lbs. per acre.630 “ “ “ ** Without fertilizer... 8734 “ “ “ “ Upton’s Superphosphate, 200 lbs. per acre...64734 “ “ “ “ Plat No. 2 , alongside of No. 1.—Rows 35 yards long, in sets of 2, instead of 4, and both picked for the test- 140 stalks to each row. 6 Without fertilizer...52% lbs. seed cotton'per acre Cotton Com. Am’d Dis. Bone Phos., 200 lbs. per acre....595 “ “ “ “ J. C. .Ragsdale’s Am’d Superphos., 200 lbs. per acre.603% “ aAm’d Soluble Bone (Pratt’s Patent) 200 lbs, per acre.605 aBaldwin’s Am’d Dis. Bone, 200 lbs. per acre.700 aStrong’s Am’d Superphosphate, 200 lbs. per acre.647% “ Upton’s Superphosphate, 200 lbs. per acre.682% “ Merryman’s Am’d Dis. Bone, 200 lbs. per acre.682% “ oMeryman’sDis. Bone (non-ammoniated)200 lbs. per acre...5G0 Wando Acid Phosphate, 200 lbs. per acre.420 Wando Compost, 200 lbs. per acre.280 oMerryman’s Dissolved Bone compost, 200 lbs. per acie...4S7% “ Upton’s Superphosphate compost, 200 lbs. per acre.446% “ aStrong’s Ammoniated Superphosphate, 200 lbs. per acre...385 Wando Acid Phophate compost, 400 lbs. per acre.435 aMerryman’s Dissolved Bone compost, 400 lbs. per acre...638 Upton’s Superphosphate compost, 400 lbs. per acre.577% “ aStrong’s Am’d Superphos. compost, 400 lbs. per acre.551% “ Without iertilizer. 87%“ it it ii it it it it it it a n it tt it tt a tt a tt a tt a a n a tt n a tt it tt a it n tt a t 9 n it tt ft it it tt ii it it if ii a a tt tt %t Seasons. —Rain April 28. May 1, 2, 7, 8 , 16, 21, 24, 25, 26, and on 27 a very washing rain. June 3 rain, and then cool and dry to the 12th. Rain June 15, 16, 17 and 25, and on 30 light showers. July 2 rain, 3, 4 and 17 good rain, and 24, 25, 29, 30 and 31 light rains. August 1 rain, and light showers 3, 4, 5, 8 , 14, 24 and 30. Sept. 10 light showers. Very little rain since. Killing frost 17 October. The above experiments were made on soil containing an abundance of vegetable matter, and hence the results of the use of the composts do not compare very favorably with those of the commercial fertilizers. This will be fur¬ ther discussed in connection with other experiments. Experiments of W. A. Smith , Palmetto , Coweta County. Mr. Smith planted cotton on gray soil, with stiff red clay subsoil, which was manured in 1875 with two hundred pounds of Dugdale’s ammoniated super-phosphate, and planted in turnips—the whole crop of turnips being re¬ moved from the land. The land had been cleared about fifteen years, and would produce about five hundred pounds seed cotton without manure. The soil was well broken with a square-pointed scooter, and the fertilizers bedded upon with a common turning shovel; rows seventy yards \ 7 long and three feet apart. The fertilizer was covered about four inches, the beds opened with small scooter, 608 seeds dropped to the row, and covered with a light “straddle” plow. He failed, on account of excessive rains, to secure a stand, and had to re-plant twice, the last time on the 6 th of June.. Th# cotton was well cultivated in the usual way : a E. Frank Coe’s Am. Sup-plios., 200 lbs. per acre.490 lbs. seed cotton per acre a Strong’s Am. Sup-phos., 200 lbs. per acre.420 “ “ “ Wattson & Clark’s Sup-pbos., 200 lbs per acre.350 u •* “ Without fertilizer.;.280 “ “ “ This experiment is valuable only as a comparative test of the fertilizers. On account of the defective stand, it is not a correct index of the effects of the fertilizers on the production. Mr. Smith remarks: “ I have been farming for more than thirty years, and never saw so much rain fall in May, June and July.” “The latter part of August and all of September were very dry.” This cut off the late planting. Experiment oj M. B. Ward , Swainsboro , Emanuel county. Soil. —Dark sandy-—in 1875 was planted in cotton, and fertilized with Bradley’s Lime. The cotton (Dickson seed) was planted 20th April, in rows three feet apart. Seasons good, except for about three weeks, during which the cotton suffered seriously. It was plowed three times with solid sweep, and hoed four times. a Bahama Soluble Guano, 275 lbs. per acre.605 lbs. seed cotton per acre. a Manhattan Blood Guano, 275 lbs. per acre.5631-7 “ “ “ Without Fertilizer .172 6-7 “ “ “ Experiment of James L. Neal, of Glascock County. Soil. —Sandy, with clay subsoil—nearly exhausted. Preparation.— Broken deep, April ioth, with square- pointed steel scooter. May 15 , ran off the rows three and a-half feet wide and seventy yards long. A steel shovel fol¬ lowed the scooter, to open the furrow for the fertilizer. Planted pure prolific cotton seed May 20; 28 good rain ; 8 up May 30 , good stand ; June 3 chopped to one stalk every ten inches, and plowed same day with Dickson sweep. Rain 9 th; hoed 16 th and plowed 17 th. Good rain 20 th; plowed with sweep 28 th; rain 29 th; plowed July 8 with sweep. Drouth from June 29 to July 19 , when there was a good rain. Plo\yed last time July 20 . Stono Soluble Guano, 200 lbs. per acre.800 lbs. seed cotton 264 lbs. lint per acre. Bradley’s Am. Dies. Bone, 200 lbs. per acre..781 “ It .260 II tt Barry’s Chem. Fertilizer, 200 lbs. per acre..826 “ It .279 H tt a Blue BoneSup-phos., 190.80 lba. per acre..630 “ oMathis Chemical Compound composted:— ft tt tt 167 lbs. of tlie Compound, 200 lb». Cot¬ ton Seed, and 600 lbs. Stable Manure, 3 t making 967 per acre.981 “ It .371 If It The Mathis compost was seriously injured by drouth, in consequence of excessive quantity used per acre. Experiment of C. M. Sanders , Penjield y Greene Co ., on Cotton . Soil. —Upland clay loam, with clay subsoil. Previous Treatment. —Planted in cotton 1874 and 1875, and fertilized with 200 pounds per acre of Etiwan Guano. Preparation. —Rows 3 feet wide and 35 yards long, laid off across the old rows with a Brinly shovel 10x12, leav¬ ing a furrow open from 6 to 8 inches in depth. In these the fertilizers were distributed and listed on with 15 inch Brinly scooter and the bed thrown up with Brinly turn¬ ing plow, and middles opened with shovel. Planting. —Cotton planted May 15th, but on account of drouth did not come up till after June 1 st. Cultivation. —Plowed twice with double shovel plows, and three times with sweeps, and hoed twice. Seasons. —Unusually dry throughout, with the exception of a few days in August. “The ground was never too wet to plow after the cotton was six inches high, until it was gathered, with the exception of two or three days in August.” 9 Etiwan Guano, 200 lbs. per acre.1,557 lbs. seed cotton per acre. Without fertilizer.1,417 “ “ •* “ “ Etiwan Dis. Bone compost, 900 lbs. per acre.1,557 “ “ “ “ “ Merryman’s Am’d Dis. Bone, 200 lbs. per acre.1,680 '* “ “ •* “ Without fertilizer.1,395 “ “ “ “ “ aPhoenix Guano, Wilcox, Gibbs & Co., 200 lbs per acre...1,435 “ “ “ “ “ Without fertilizer.1,395 “ “ “ “ * aSardy’s Phospho-Peruvian, 200 lbs. per acre.1,750 “ “ “ “ “ Mr. Sanders applied each fertilizer to two rows, and picked the product of the two for the test. In this he failed to follow the instructions issued for the conduct of soil tests, viz : “Apply each fertilizer to four consecutive rows, leaving four rows unfertilized between the different brands.” * * * “When the crop matures, weigh carefully and report the production of the two middle rows of each four, fertilized and unfertilized.” When only two rows are used, each is more or less affected by those adjacent fertilized with other brands, and those unfertilized receive some benefit from the fertilizer applied to those adjacent. In the former case, the rows in which the test is made are nine feet from each other, while in the second they are only three feet apart. The difference between the results on the fertilized and unfertilized plats is very small in Mr. Sanders’ experiment, for two reasons, viz: 1st, the soil had been fertilized for two preceding years, the residue of which affected the unfertilized rows; 2d, the dryness of the season prevented the plants from receiving the full benefit of the fertilizers. He fell into the very common error of using too much com¬ post per acre—half the amount would probably have given better results. Experiment of John Turner , Culverton, Hancock Co., on Cotton. Soil.— A thin, gravelly, sandy soil, with a yellow clay subsoil, which had been lying out four years. Preparation.— Broken in winter, eight inches deep, with a turning plow. April 25th, laid off with scooter, and fer¬ tilizers distributed; listed with scooter and finished with turning plow; opened bed with small scooter, sowed the 10 seed and covered with harrow ; stand uniform, and culti¬ vated well with sweep and hoe, every plat alike. The cotton was seriously injured by a hot wind in August. One compost was prepared by mixing one ton of Barry’s Clay Land fertilizer with four of stable manure and cotton seed—about one-fifth of the whole being cotton seed. The other was prepared by one of his neighbors. Fertilizers from the Department received too late to be composted. aStern’s (No. 1) Am’d Sup. Phos., 200 lbs per acre.614 lbs. 4 oz. seed cotton per acre aObei’s Dis. Bone, 200 lbs. per acre.717 “ aEchols’ Raw Bone Sup. Phos., 200 lbs. per acre..851 “ State Grangi compost, 200 lbs per acre.816 “ Barry’s Clay Land Fertil’r composted, 200 lbs per acre-829 “ Ragsdale Am’d Sup. Phos., 200 lbs. per acre.....746 ‘‘ Etiwan Guano, 200 lbs. per acre.-.653 “ Without fertilizer.338 “ The above experiment was conducted entirely according to directions. 8 8 8 2 8 4 4 << << it tt a a n u tt tt tt u u u << Experiment of /. W. Treadwell , Sparta , Hancock Co. Soil. —Upland, gray soil, red clay subsoil, land been in cultivation for 58 years. In 1874 was in corn—yield 25 bushels per acre, manured with corn cob manure; in 1874- ’75 in wheat without manure—yield about 8 bushels per acre. Latter part of 1875 was sowed in rye, and on the 14th and 15th of May, 1876, the land was run offin three feet rows, and opened six or seven inches deep and the fertil¬ izers applied—200 pounds per acre—for cotton, and bedded on in the usual way, which turned under the growth of green rj e. The plats were laid off in rows seventy yards long, and two rows taken for each test. May the 16th the cotton seed was planted with Dow Law cotton planter. June 16th, good stand—chopped and plowed. All cultivation was surface culture, with sweep and hoe; had similar workings, at intervals, from two to three weeks, until it had been gone over four times. Seasons. —May 26th and 27th, light rains; June 2d, 11th, 16th and 22d, good rains; July 6th, light rain ; 21st and 30th, good rains; August 3d and 13th, light rains. 11 From this date we had no rain till October. Thermom¬ eter at 94 to 96 degrees, in the shade, for three or four weeks of the time, causing late cotton to shed its forms and fruit rapidly. 1— 2 rows Sea Fowl Guano, 22% pounds seed cotton 785 pounds seed cotton per acre 2— 2 rows Natural soli, 19% pounds seed cotton.673 “ “ “ 3— 2 rows Pendleton’s Compound, 25% lbs. seed cotton..901 “ “ “ 4— 2 rows Natural soil, 22 pounds seed cotton.770 “ “ “ 5— 2 rows ^Atlantic Fertilizer, 25% pounds seed cotton.,892 “ “ “ 6— 2 rows Natural soil, 19% pounds seed cotton.682 u “ “ 7— 2 rows aDobbs’ Chem. compost 21% lbs seed cotton...752 “ “ '• 8— 2 rows Natural soil, 20 pounds seed cotton.700 “ “ “ 9— 2 rows Burnt Bone compost, 22 pounds seed cotton...770 “ “ “ 10— 2 rows Natural soil, 17% pounds seed cotton.612 “ “ “ 11— 2 rows Ground Bone compost, 20 ibs. seed cotton...700 “ *. “ Dobb’s chemicals, the P3urnt Bone and Ground Bone were all composted by formula No. 1 given in circular No. 22 from the Department of Agriculture. The Ground and Burnt Bone were dissolved on the place by sulphuric acid. The Burnt Bone was whole bones picked up, burnt, pounded up, and then dissolved ; the Ground Bone is such as we buy in our markets—ready ground—termed, “flour of bone. ” Experiment of Jas. F . Little , Prattsbnrg , Talbot County , on Cotton . Soil.—F ree gray land, well adapted to cotton—has been in cultivation six or seven years—was in wheat in 1875 — cultivated in the usual way, Plat No. 1. Plat No. 2 pi..AT No . 3 NAME OF FERTILIZER. Lbs. Fertilizer per acre. Lbs Seed Cotton per acre Lbs. Fertilizer per acre. u o C3 U QJ £h O -4-3 -4-3 o Q o\ c q DC rO Lbs. Fertilizer’per acre. ---— i lbs.Seed Cotton per acre National Soluble Bone (Pratt). 275 854 22e 1,050 220 1,155 a Bales’ Guano.... W ithout Fertilizer. . . 275 1,050 682 220 1,215 787 220 1,050 787 a Enoch Coe’s Am. Bone Super-phosphate. 275 1,143 220 1,155 220 1,305 Soluble Pacific Guano. 275 1,097 220 1 j 15o 220 1,155 Cumberland AmmoniatedSuper-phosphate.... 275 1,194 1.050 892 220 1,391 220 1,283 V/hann’s Raw Bone Super-phosphate. Without Fertilizer . 275 220 1,391 220 1,102 787 Eureka Ammoniated Bone Super-phosphate.. 275 1,260 220 1,391 220 1,050 Soluble Sea-Island Guano . 275 1,050 f ,076 220 1,215 220 1,050 a Stono Acid Phosphate. 275 220 1,128 221 1,107 12 Experiment of Reuben Jones , Newton , Baker County , Cotton Soil. —Old sandy pine soil, with clay subsoil, not in cultivation in 1875 . It was broken with a one-horse turning plow in January, bedded in March, and planted April 15 ; cultivated entire¬ ly with sweep and hoe. Seasons favorable to July 10 , after which we had only a few light showers to December. Without Fertilizer.353 lbs. seed cotton per acre Stable Manure, Cotton Seed and Wood’s Earth, equal parts 50 bushels per acre.581 “ “ " a Wattson & Clark’s Super-phosphate, 200 lbs. per acre.581 “ “ “ a Sardy’s Acid Phosphate, 200 lbs. per acre.523 “ “ “ a Wando Fertilizer, 200 lbs. per acre.522 '* ** “ Experiment of W. J. Colquitt , Harmony Grove, Jackson County , on Cotton. Soil.—O ld and sandy, with red clay subsoil. Planted April 25 . All picked by November 15 . Without Fertilizer.,.304 lbs. seed cotton per acre. a Logan’s Southern Fertilizing Compound compost, 200 lbs. per acre... 503 " “ “ Without Fertilizer. 298 " “ '* a Stono Soluble Guano, 200 lbs. per acre.539 “ “ “ Without Fertilizer.306 “ “ cBradley’s Ammoniated Dissolved Bones, 200 lbs. per acre...548 “ “ The above experiment was conducted strictly in accord¬ ance with the directions. Experiment of T. A. Hamilton , Thomson , McDuffie County ? on Cotton. Mr. Hamilton made the too common mistake of com¬ posting lime with cotton seed and stable manure, without first slacking the lime with strong brine. The seed on all the plats were rolled in fertilizer. This affected the yield where no fertilizers were applied. PLAT NO. I. Merryman’s Ammoniated Dies. Bones, 200 lbs. per acre.. Without Fertilizer... a Eureka Ammoniated Bone Supr-phos., 200 lbs. per acre Without Fertilizer...... Georgia State Grange Fertilizer, 200 lbs. per acre. Without Fertilizer..... a Etiwan Dissolved Bones, 200 lbs. per acre... Without Fertilizer.... 1,604 lbs. seed cotton pel acre .1,449 ... ... .1,690 . .1,380 ... *h ,1,811 ...' ... 1,500 . *• • • •• •• •»< ••• • •9 #•« 1,673 ••• »«• 1,377 ##• •• •«« OO OOtf 13 PLAT NO. 2. Equal parts of ^Oyater Shell Lime, Cotton Seed, and Manure, 200 lbs. per acre... 949 lbs. seed cotton per acre. Without Fertilizer.1,208 . Equal parts Oyster Shell Lime, Cotton Seed, and Manure, 400 lbs. per acre.1,397 . Without Fertilizer.,.1,500 . Equal weights Acid Phosphate, Cotton Seed, and Stable Manure, 200 lbs. per acre.1,707 . Equal weights Acid Phosphate, Cotton Seed, and Stable Manure, 400 lbs. per acre.2,174 .. Georgia State Grange Fertilizer, 400 lbs. per acre.1,587 . Without Fertilizer.1,846 . PLAT NO. 3. a Eureka Am. Bone Super-phos., 400 lbs. per acre.1,208 lbs. seed cotton per acre Without Fertilizer.1,346 . Merryman’s Am. Diss. Bone, 400 lbs. per acre.-2,001 . Without Fertilizer. 1,174 . a Atlantic Fertilizer, 400 lbs. per acre.1,434 . Without Fertilizer.1,173 . Experiment of W. K. Nelson, Augusta, Richmond County , on Corn . Soil. —Sandy upland, with yellow clay subsoil. aE. Frank Coe’s Am’d Superpnosphate, 200 lbs. per acre.12 bushels corn per acre oMerryman’s Ammoniated Dissolved Bone, 200 lbs. per acre.12 “ “ ** Georgia State Grange Fertilizer, 200 lbs. per acre.12 “ “ ‘ Without fertilizer. 9 “ *, “ Experiment of Geo. L. Cain, Jefferson County, on Cotton . Soil of plats Nos. 1, 2 and 3, sandy loam; and No. 4, sandy, with very stiff clay subsoil. Preparation. —Plats Nos. 1, 2 and 3 opened with 5-inch scooter, ridged and bedded with 7-inch turning shovel; fertilizers applied from 15th to 25th March ; completed the bedding April 5th; planted 17th, with cotton planter ; stand good. The land had been planted in cotton for 5 years—not fertilized in 1875, Nos. 1 and 2 treated according to directions. No. 3 was planted in sets of 7 rows to each fertilizer. No. 4 was broken thoroughly with one-horse Watt plow; rows laid off 3 feet 2 inches with 5-inch scooter ; double furrowed with 7-inch scooter, latter part of March ; fertilizers applied from 1st to 10th of April; ridged and bedded with Watt plow; manured in sets of 4 rows. 14 All cultivated shallow with sweep and hoe. Seasons favorable till August 10th ; no rain after that time till too late to benefit the crop. Composts made by formula No. 1, circular 22. Plat No. 1. aWhann’s Eaw Bone Superphosphate, 200 lbs. per acre.617% lbs. seed cotton per acre Without fertilizer......487% “ “ “ aZell’s Am’d Bone Superphosphate, 200 pounds per acre...552% “ “ “ Without fertilizer. 528 “ “ “ E. Frank Coe’s Am’d Bone Superphos., 200 lbs. per acre....568 “ ** “ Without fertilizer. .503 it a • a aEtiwan Dissolved Bone compost, 200 pounds per acre.520 tt tt tt Without fertilizer. .487% it tt 9t Logan’s Southern Fertil. Com. compost, 200 lbs. per acre...601 tt u it Without fertilizer.. .487% a tt a E. Frank Coe’s Am’d Bone Superphosphate compost, 200 lbs. per acre. .715 tt tt tt Without fertilizer. .446 tt a tt Plat No 2. tt a aY/hann’s Raw Bone Superphosphate, 200 lbs. per acre.731 lbs. seed cotton per acre Without fertilizer.....641 ctZeli’s Am’d Bone Superphosphate, 200 pounds per acre...780 Without fertilizer...617% “ E. Frank Coe’s Bone Superphosphate, 200 pounds per acre.763 14 Without fertilizer.633 “ aEtiwan Dissolved Bone compost 200 pounds per acre.617% “ Without fertilizer.495% “ Logan’s Southern Fertil. Com. compost, 200 lbs. per acre...641 “ Without fertilizer.552% 44 E. Frank Coe’s Am’d Bone Superphospate compost, 200 lbs. per acre.....755 “ Without fertilizer...650 “ a a a a it tt a a tt it it it a it u a n tt Plat No. 3. Whann’s Raw Bone Superphosphate, 400 lbs. per acre.812% lbs. seed cotton per acre Zell’s Am’d Bone Superphosphate, 400 pounds per acre....723 “ “ “ Etiwan Dissolved Bone compost, 400 pounds per acre.723 “ “ “ Logan’sSo. Fer. Gom. compost, 400 pounds per acre.690 “ “ 41 E. Frank Coe’s Am’d Superphosphate compost, 400 lbs. per acre.650 “ “ “ Plat No. 4. Whann’s Raw Bone Superphosphate, 200 lbs. per acre.578 lbs. seed cotton per acre Without fertilizer.422 “ “ Zell’s Am’d Bone Sup. Phos., 200 lbs per acre.551 “ “ "Without fertilizer.512 “ “ Etiwan Dis. Bone, compost, 200 lbs per acre.551 “ “ Without fertilizer.485 •* “ Logan So. Fertilizing Compound compost, 200 lbs per acre..446 “ “ Without fertilizer. 346 “ “ E. Frank Coo’s Am’d Bone Superphos. compost.536 “ “ Without fertilized. 412 “ “ tt tt it it tt it tt it it 15 Experiment of Peter Slatesherry , Stockton , Clinch County , Cotton. Soil and Preparation.—P ine land, sandy soil and sub¬ soil—been cleared forty years ; when new produced fifteen to twenty bushels of corn per acre without fertilizer; known as free land, easily cultivated and easily exhausted, It has been moderately fertilized for eight years with barn yard manure, was in cotton in 1870 and 1874; in corn in 1875, producing twenty bushels per acre. October 1st corn stalks were cut into pieces two feet long and plowed in with the pea vines. Bedded into three and one half feet rows in February. In April opened the water furrow six inches deep, putin the fertilizer and covered with two furrows. The beds were finished just before planting. This experiment was very carefully conducted according to directions. Without fertilizer...300 lbs seed cotton per acre. oGuanihani Guano, 200 lbs per acre.360 . Without fertilizer.300 . aEtiwan Crops Food Chemicals, compost, 200 lbs per acre.420 . Without fertilizer.....300 . aLogan’s So.Fertilizing Compound, compost, 200 lbs per acre..450 . Without fertilizer.300 . Grange Mixture Dis. Bone Phos., 200 lbs per acre.450 . Without fertilizer.800 . National Soluble Bone (Pratt),compost, 200 lbs per acre.450 . Without fertilizer...300 . Grange Mixture Dis. Bone Phos. compost, 200 lbs per acre....600 . This experiment was conducted on a level thirty acre field of very uniform fertility. The composts were pre¬ pared by formula No. 1, Circular 22. Experiment of J. S. Lavender , Barnesville , Pike Co., on Cotton. Soil. —Light, sandy pine-woods land, naturally very poor^ been in cultivation thirty-five years ; subsoil poor, stiff clay. This soil has had three applications of the South Carolina Dissolved Phosphate, 100 pounds per acre. In wheat, in 1875, made three bushels per acre. Cotton planted first week in May, a good stand secured in a few days ; stalks left 3 to 4 to the foot; well cultivated ; plowed five times, and hoed once. Plenty of rain until August 16 1st; none after that date for eight weeks. Rows in sets of four, as directed. aZell’s Am’d Bone Sup. Phos., 200 lbs. per acre.631 lbs. Without fertilizer. 413 ... aWkan’s Raw Bone Sup. Phos., 200 lbs. per acre.618 ... Without fertilizer.419 ... Manhattan Blood Guano, 200 lbs. per acre.644 ... Without fertilizer.412 ... Ober’tS. C. Dissolved Bone Phosphate, 200 lbs per acre.663 ... Without fertilizer.421 ... seed cotion per acre S. C. Phosphate Flour, composted with stable manure, 4 parts of manure to 1 of flour, and allowed to stand 8 weeks, 1000 lbs per acre...702 . Without fertilizer...432 . Georgia State Grange Fertilizer.638 . Without fertilizer.400 . Experiment of Robert Burton , Ellaville , Schley Coon Cotton. Soil and Preparation. —Sandy ; stiff day subsoil; been in cultivation ten years, and never fertilized, except with cotton seed when in corn two years ago. Land broken in January ; April 11th laid off rows three feet wide, seventy yards long ; applied fertilizers at the rate of 200 pounds per acre, and bedded with shovel plow; planted seed with Dow Law planter. A good stand was secured, and culti¬ vated well with sweep and hoe. Seasons as good as could be wished. The manured rows turned yellow and rusted a little, the remainder did not. Plat No. 1. aSardy’s Am’d Soluble Pacific, 200 lbs per acre. Without fertilizer. aStono Soluble Guano, 200 lbs per acre. Without fertilizer. aSardy’s Dissolved Bone Phosphate, 200 lbs per acre Without fer tilizer. aSea Fowl Guano, 200 lbs per acre. Without fertilizer. • •••••••••••••a 1,505 lbs seed cotton per acre 1 417 • » ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• .1,540 .. 1,2<7 ... ... ... ... ... 1 277 »-*-»*■* « • ••• ••• ••• • ••• .1,277 . ... . .1 592 . 1,295 ... Plat No. 2. Stiff soil, good quality ; cultivated twenty years. aSardy’s Am’d Soluble Pacific, 200 lbs per acre. lbs seed cotton per acre. Without fertilizer. • •• • •• ••• ... ..» aStono Soluble Guano, 200 lbs per acre. .962 • •• Without fertilizer.. • •• ... ... aSardy’s Dissolved Bone Phosphate, 200 lbs per acre.... .770 ... Without fertilizer. .717 ... • •• ... ... aSea Fowl Guano,200 lbs per acre.. . 892% ... • •• •*. **• Without fertilizer... .682X ... ... • •• 17 Experiment of A. Ogletree , Georgetown , Quitman County , on Cotton. Soil. —Sandy upland, cultivated in oats in 1875. Preparation. —Bedded and the fertilizer applied in the water furrow and the beds reversed ; cotton planted on the fresh bed ; fertilized in sets of four rows to each fertilizer ; cultivation clean and seasons good to 15th of August. aOber’s Genuine Phosph. Peruvian AA, 200 lbs per acre..717 lbs seed cotton per acre. Without fertilizer.245 . Experiment of Wm. S. Montgomery , Social Circle , Georgia , on Cotton. Soil and Preparation. —Plat No. 1 was red stiff clay with good subsoil; land in good heart; been in cultivation forty years; in wheat last year. January 1st, subsoiled eight inches deep; April 6th, laid off rows three and one- half feet wide, fertilizers applied and an iron foot plow run in the bottom of the furrow to mix it with the soil. Plat arranged and picked according to directions. April 20th, planted with the Dow Law planter ; May 4th, harrowed ; good stand except the unfertilized rows. May 10th, hoed; 15th, put to a stand; one and two stalks, width of hoe. June 1st, run round with scooter; 3d, plowed out with sweep, two furrows to the row ; 13th, hoed ; 21st, plowed with sweep, two furrows ; 26th, one sweep furrow in mid¬ dles ; 30th, hoed ; July 10th, laid by with sweep. Plat No. 1— "Without fertilizer. 572 lbs seed cotton per acre. Merry man’s Am’d Dis. Bone, 200 lbs per acre.1,102.. aBradley’s Am’d Dis. Bone, 200 lbs per acre.1,102. aGrange Mixture, 200 lbs per acre.1,145. Sardy’s Acid Phosphate, 200 lbs per acre.1,040 • •• ••• • •• •••• • •• Plat No. 2— Soil. —Thin, cold, gray land, yellow subsoil; been in cultivation about 25 years ; in poor heart. In wheat last year; subsoiled January 10th, from ten to twelve inches deep. March 27th, laid off rows three feet wide with shovel, applied fertilizers, and followed in the bottom of the furrow 2 18 with iron foot plow as before, and listed with turning plow. April 22d, planted with Dow Law. Good stand secured except where no fertilizer was used, as before. May 5th, harrowed ; 17th, hoed and plowed with sweep. June 1st, hoed ; 3d, sided with scooter; 9th, plowed 'out with shovel and scraper ; 28th, hoed. July 3d. laid by with sweep. Without fertilizer..246 lbs seed cotton per acre. Merryinan’s Am’d Dis. Bone, 200 lbs per acre.697 . aBradley’s Am’d Dis. Bone, 200 lbs per acre.884 . oGrange Mixture, 200 lbs per acre.683 ... • ••• ••• aSardy’s Acid Phosphate, 200 lbs., and 10 bus. cotton 3eed, per acre...686 . The crop was injured by drouth, during which the un¬ fertilized remained green and promised as well as the fer¬ tilized. Experiment of /. T. Dennis , Eatonton, Putman County , on Cotton . Soil and Preparation. —Very old, poor red land ; rest¬ ed 1874 and 1875; 1873 in cotton without manure. Broken well with one horse Watt Plow; furrows opened with same plow by running twice in the furrow ; bedded with same plow; beds knocked off with board and cotton planted April 13th with Dow Law planter; stand not very good but same in each row. Cultivated entirely with sweep and hoe. Fertilized cotton opened by 15th October; unfertilized by 15th November. Fertilized and unfertilized plats in sets of lour rows. Without fertilizer..... £06^ lbs seed cotton per acre aBrighton’s Am’d Raw Bone Sup. Phos., 200 lbs per acre.. 857.% Etiwan Dissolved Bones, 200 lbs per acre...1,005 Without fertilizer... 490 National Soluble Bone, (Pratt) 200 lbs per acre.1,050 Merryman’s Am’d Dis. Bones, 200 lbs per acre...1,172 aWhitlock’s Vegetator, 200 lbs per acre... 787 Without fertilizer. 262 Experiment of James D. Frederick , Marshallville y Macon County, on Cotton . Soil, etc. —Sandy with yellow clay subsoil; in corn in 1875; cultivated shallow with sweep and hoe; seaso 19 favorable; plat arranged as directed, in sets of four rows each. a Atlantic Fertilizer, 200 lbs per acre. Without fertilizer. Ober’s Soluble Am’d Sup. Phos., 200 lbs per acre Merryinau’s Am’d. Dis. Bones, 200 lbs per acre... aMiaor’a Am’d Sup. Phos., 200 lbs per acre. Experiment of f M. Cox, Woodville , Green? County , on ■ Cotton . Soil, etc.—O ld pine land, cleared about twenty years and cultivated ever since. Opened April 7th with scooter and bedded with one horse Brinly. Cotton planted April 25th; stand perfect; plowed four times with sweep and hoed three times; last plowing August 2d ; last hoeing August 4th. Seasons unfavorable; very hot and dry, causing little difference between the fertilized and unfer¬ tilized cotton, since the latter did not suffer from drouth as did the former. ^Georgia State Grange Dis. Bones, 210 lbs per acre.665 lbs seed cotton per acre Without fertilizer.646 . aStono Soluble Guano, 210 lbs per acre. 840 . Without fertilizer...630 . aitussell Coe’s Am’d Sup. Phos. of Lime, 210 lbs per acre.875 . Without fertilizer. .595. oBradley’s Am’d Dis. Bones, 210 lbs per acre.876 . Oyster Shell Lime, 200 lbs per acre.700 . Oyster Shell Lime, comp’d with lot manure,600 lbs pr acre..735 . The following fertilizers were received by Mr. Cox too late to be tested on the same plats with the others. Soil, etc.—P ine land which has been cleared for ten years, much better than that on which the other fertilizers were tested. Cotton planted May 5th on land prepared as the other plat; stand good ; plowed three times with sweep and hoed twice. Seasons same as in the other plat: oPa’metto Acid Phosphate, compost, 200 lbs per acre.....1,085 lbs seed cotton per acre* Without fertilizer.1,015. aDefiance Superphosphate, 200 lbs per acre. 980 . Experiment of J. A. Browning , Oconee County , on Cotton . Soil, etc. —Soft, dark gray, with red clay subsoil; broken in January with two horse Watt plow. April 17th, rows opened three feet apart with shovel, followed with ......765 lbs seed cotton per acre >.....630 ... ... ... ... ... 795 • •••• I uv • •• • • ••• ••• ••• .825 ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• •• ••• 8/0 ••• ••• ••• ••• •«• 20 two horse subsoil plow ; bedded with Watt plow ; cotton planted April 21st with the Garlington cotton planter. Cultivation. —Harrowed May 10th; 15th, sided with bull tongue ; 19th, hoed ; 30th, plowed with sweep. June 27th, hoed; 29th, plowed with sweep. July 2d, hoed; 25th, plowed with sweep. Seasons favorable to August 10th, after which there was a drouth to September 13th, which injured the crops. Without fertilizer.161 % tbs seed cotton per acre. oStrong’s Arn’d Sup. Phos., 210 lbs per acre.770 . aSolomon’s (Rowland T s) Chem’l Comp’d, 210 lbs per acre—700 . aAbaco Guano, 210 lbs per acre.315 . Experiment of I. O . McDaniel , Aliatoona , Bartow County, on Cotton. I carefully composted the following acid phosphates sent by you, viz: Stono, Wando, Grange Mixture, Leibig’s Formula, and National Soluble Bone, in the proportion of 500 pounds acid phosphate, 750 pounds cotton seed, and 750 pounds stable manure to the ton ; that is, one-fourth acid phosphate and three-fourths cotton seed and stable manure. In addition to the above, you sent me a sack of Pendle¬ ton’s Superphosphate. I also composted Etiwan Acid Phosphate with fowl house cleanings in equal weights ; and a large amount with cot¬ ton seed and stable manure in same proportions as above mentioned acid phosphates. I have tested these fertilizers, eight in number, on three different plats of land. Plat No. 1 is upland, north hill side, red clay, and de¬ composing slate rock underlying the surface ; naturally good land and pretty well manured for several years past ; was cultivated in cotton in the years 1871 and 1875, and in wheat in 1874; has 36 rows, three feet apart, and 35 yards long. Nine sets of four rows each, giving four rows to each fertilizer, and four rows without fertilizers. 21 The land was well plowed before planting time and fer¬ tilizers weighed for each row, and put in a deep furrow and a bed turned on ; put in at the rate of 200 pounds per acre in the two middle rows of each set, 400 pounds per acre of the two outside rows of each set, except the set of four rows with nothing. I planted about the 20th of April, cotton seed being rolled in Etiwan compost, putting a light sprinkle of Eti- wan compost with the seed, covering with a plow, and boarding off when well sprouted. Plowed the cotton one time while young, and used a sweep or scrape afterwards. Chopped out and hoed as usual. The following is the rate of yield per acre. Grange,.2 middle rows 1,172 lbs.2 outside rows 1,365 lbs. Stono.2 middle rows 1,417 lbs.2 outside rows 1,435 lbs. Leibig’s Formula.2 middle rows 1,417 lbs.2 outside rows 1,417 lbs. National Sol. Bone.2 middle rows 1,434 lbs.2 outside rows 1,451 lbs. Etiwan.2 middle rows 1,610 lbs.2 outside rows 1,540 lbs. Wando.2 middle rows 1,627 lbs.2 outsidorows 1,715 lbs. Fowl-house.2 middle rows 1,470 lbs.2 outside rows 1,540 lbs. Pendleton.2 middle ro^s 1,591 lbs.2 outsiie rows 1,645 lbs. No fertilizer.2 middle rows 1,750 lbs.2 outside rows 1,434 lbs. The astonishing yield of the four rows without fertilizer must be accounted for in this way. A hill side ditch made in the winter of 1875, is between the two middle rows, and the space between these two rows is some five feet. A rich sediment was constantly accumulating in the ditch all the time for months, which was turned out by plowing and with the hoe. The soil on the lower side of the ditch is deep and rich. This with the light sprinkle of Etiwan compost with the seed in planting, makes up the large yield. I regret the mishap. I should also s^ate that these rows on account of ditch suffered less from drought than the others. Plat No. 2 is creek bottom, but high enough to be t above high water mark. The soil mixed slightly with fine sand, and good clay underlying ; has been in cultivation over forty years by the whites, and perhaps much longer 22 i by the Indians ; was well plowed and fertilized for six years past; was in wheat in 1874 and cotton the past and pres¬ ent years. This plat has 36 rows three feet apart and 70 yards long. Prepared, fertilized, planted and cultivated as No. 1. Rate of yield per acre : No fertilizer.2 middle rows 1,272 lbs.2 outside rows 1,267 lbs. Leibig.2 middle rows 1,234 lbs.2 outside rows 1,522 lbs. Stono.2 middle rows 1,347 lbs.2 outside rows 1,435 lbs. Grange._2 middle rows 1,303 lbs.2 outside rows 1,225 lbs. Fowl-house.2 middle rows 1,312 ibs.2 outside rows 1,417 ]bs. National Sol. Bone.3 middle rows 1,190 lbs. 2 outside rows 1,295 lbs. Pendleton. 2 middle rows 1,382 lbs.2 outside rows 1,548 lbs. Wando.«.2 middle rows 1,480 lbs.2 outside rows 1,391 lbs. Etiwan.2 middle rows 1,391 lbs.2 outside rows 1,382 lbs. Plat No. 3 is second bottom, red clay under the soil; old land—in wheat in the year 1875 and manured with cotton seed broad cast; was in cotton in 1874 and fertilized in the drill. Prepared, fertilized, planted, and cultivated, as No. 1 and 2—32 rows, 3 feet apart, and 35 yards long. Rate of yield per acre as follows: Fowl house.2 middle rows, 857 lbs.2 outside row r s, 822 lbs. Stono.2 middle rows, 787 “ .2 outside rows, 840 “ National Sol. Bone....2 middle rows, 682 “ ...2 outside rows, 892 “ W ando.2 middle rows, 735 “ .2 outside rows, 840 “ No ^fertilizer.2 middle rows, 595 “ .2 outside rows, 735 “ Pendleton fertilizer...2 middle rows, 787 “ .2 outside rows, 892 “ Grange fertilizer.2 middle rows, 682 “ .2 outside rows, 717 “ Leibig.2 middle rows, 612 “ .2 outside rows, 665 “ Plat No. 4, high upland, red clay and decomposing slate underlying. This is the fourth consecutive year it has been in cotton, fertilized each year in the drill; 36 rows 3 feet apart and 70 yards long; 18 rows fertilized alternately with Leibig, and 18 rows with Etiwan, at the rate of 300 pounds of the compost of each per acre. Rate of yield per acre : Leibig, 980 pounds.Etiwan, 925 poundB. Plat No. 5 is the same quality of land as plat No. 4; 20 rows 3 feet apart and 70 yards long, alternately fertil¬ ized with composts of Grange Mixture and Etiwan, at the rate of 300 pounds per acre. The average yield per acre : 10 rows Grange, 952 pounds.1° rows Etiwan, 882 pounds. 23 Plat No. 6 is also same quality of land as No. 4 ; 20 rows 3 feet apart and 70 yards long, fertilized with com¬ posts of fowlhouse and Etiwan, alternately at the rate of 300 pounds per acre of each. Average yield of 10 rows Fowl house per acre.......920 pounds. . ... Etiwan .801 Plat No. 7 is same quality of land as No. 4 ; 12 rows 3 feet apart and 70 yards long, fertilized with composts of Etiwan and Wando, alternately at the rate of 300 pounds per acre. Average yield per acre 6 rows Etiwan.„.971 pounds. . . Wando.901 Plat No. 8 is same quality of land as No. 4; 12 rows 3 feet apart and 35 yards long ; fertilized with composts of Leibig, and Pendleton’s Superphosphate, alternately, at the rate per acre of 300 pounds of former and 200 pounds of latter. Average yield per acre 6 rows Liebig...1,120 pounds. . . Pendleton.1,213 Plat No. 9 is same quality of land as No. 1 ; 14 rows, 3 feet apart and 35 yards long; Wando and Etiwan com¬ posts applied alternately, at the rate of 400 pounds per acre. Rate of yield per acre of Wando.1,330 pounds. ... ... ... Etiwan.1,480 Plat No. 10 is same quality of land as No. 2; 6 rows 3 feet apart and 70 yards long; Stono and Leibig com¬ posts applied at the rate of 400 pounds'per acre alternately. Rate of yield per acre of Stono...1,190 pounds. ... ... ... Leibig.1,260 Plat No. 11, planted in corn. This plat is creek bot¬ tom, subject to overflow,; old land, and has been planted in corn for many years. Sediment from overflow the only manuring; 28 rows 3J feet apart and 70 yards long, and one stalk every 3 feet in the drill. A set of four rows for each of the following fertilizers: Wando, Leibig, National, Stono, and Grange Mixture composts, at the rate of 250 24 pounds per acre ; and Pendleton’s Superphosphate at the rate of 200 pounds per acre; and 4 rows no fertilizer. The rate of yield per acre of middle rows of each set is, as follows: Wando, 35 1-7 bushels; Leibig, 35 bushels; National, 41 1-7 bushels; Pendleton, 35 1-7 bushels; Stono, 38 4-7 bushels ; Grange Mixture, 32 4-7 bushels ; nothing, 25 5-7 bushels. In the year 1875 I tested on plat No. 1 and plat No. 4, and the yield on No. 1 was about the same as the present year; but on No. 4 the yield was 700 lbs. more per acre than yield of present year. Some other portions of my crop yielded about the same as last year, whilst by far the larger portion was cut off as plat No. 4. In this locality we had no rain during the last three weeks in August and the first two weeks in September; and we had an early killing frost, hence in the large por¬ tion of my crop the burning dry weather destroyed the August crop of fruit, and the early frost the larger portion of the late crop of fruit. In the early part of August the prospect of a very large yield was never better. All my cotton crop except the plats on which tests were made, was fertilized in the drill with the Etiwan compost; and in planting I had about 50 lbs. to the acre put with the seed ; and as the plats for testing were staked off in the different fields, they received the same amount with seed-in planting. All the seed was rolled in the com¬ post. I did not intend this, and noticed it too late to prevent. So the tests on the rows not fertilized in the drills before planting, were not fair. In the plat of corn it was fair, as there was not a particle in four rows in the middle of the plat. It seems however to demonstrate that a moderate por¬ tion of fertilizers put with the seed, pays better on good land than in the drill under the seed. I think the fertilizers I have used in testing this year are all good. The yield has varied materially on different 25 plats. It is impossible to lay off plats entirely equal in all parts"; and the stand will frequently vary in different rows. The nearest approximation to a perfect test of two fertili¬ zers, can be made by testing in alternate rows. All of which is respectfully submitted. Experiment of B. LeSueur, Knoxville , Crawford County , Ga. Soil not described. oSoluble Pacific Guano, 90 pounds per acre.770 lbs. seed cotton per acre Wilson’s Super-Phosphate of Lime, 90 pounds per acre.525 ... aCotton Seed Compost, 200 pounds per acre.. 630 ... Without Fertilizer...850 ... Of the cotton fertilized with Soluble Pacific Guano, nine- tenths was gathered before cold weather; of that with cotton seed compost eight-ninths, and of that with Wil¬ son’s super-phosphate of lime, six-sevenths. He used the Soluble Pacific under corn, resulting in trebling the yield. He thinks it quadrupled the yield of sweet potatoes. Experiment of T. H. Kimbrough , Cataula ) Harris Comity , on „ Cotton. The same experiment was made on different plats—one gray and the other red soil. Mr. Kimbrough thinks that 125 pounds per acre would have produced more than 200 during the last season, which was too dry for liberal man¬ uring. Pounds seed cotton per acre Gray Land. Red Lan d aC. C. Coe’s Super Phosphate,200 pounds per acre. 525 620 Without Fertilizer . 245 262 Ober’s Ammoniated Super-Phosphate, 200 pounds per acre... 568 576 Without 1 ertilizer... 250 264 Soluble Pacific Guano, 200 pounds per acre. 580 570 Without Fertilizer. 244 262 aDugdale’s Ammoniated Super-Phosphate, 200 lbs. per acre.. 550 560 Without Fertilizer. 245 265 aBarry’s Com. Bi-Phos. of Lime compost, 200 pounds per acre 530 576 Experiment of L. M. Felton , Marshallville , Macon County , on Cotton. Soil described as uniform but thin, and having been under cultivation for many years. Mr, Felton used 167 26 lbs. of each fertilizer on ten rows 475 yards long, or 170 lbs. per acre. aSardy’sPhos-Peruvian, 170 pounds of Eertilizer per acre...462 lbs. seed cotton per acre' aPatapsco Guano, 170 pounds per acre.517 ... aSoluble Pacific Acid Phosphate, 170 pounds per acre.500 ... Without Fertilizer.853 ... Experiment of P. R. Hutchins , Duluth, Gwinnett County, on Cotton. Soil.—B lack sandy, with clay subsoil, southern expos¬ ure, rows running east and west; in cotton 1873, corn 1874, wheat 1875. Turned with one horse plow March 10th, bedded on fertilizers April 20th, planted with Dow Law April 21st, covered with board. Weather dry and cotton slow in coming up, but a good stand was finally secured. Sided May 19th, chopped out 22d, leaving 2 stalks 18 inches apart. Subsequent cultivation with sweeps and hoes ; seasons good to August 5th, when drouth com¬ menced, causing the cotton to shed badly. Plat No. 1. aC. C. Coe’s Super-Phosphate, 420 pounds per acre.1050 lbs. seed cotton per acre Without Fertilizer....;.770 ... aDugdale’s Ammoniated Super-Phos. 420 pounds per acre...1155 ... Without Fertilizer.. 805 ... aBarry’s Com. Bi-Phos. compost, 700 pounds per acre.1085 ... Plat No. 2. aC. C. Coe’s Super-Phosphate, 420’pounds per acre. 980 ... Without Fertilizer. 735 ... aDugdale’s Am. Super-Phosphate, 210 pounds per acre.... 840 ... Without Fertilizer. 665 ... aBarry’s Com. Bi-Phos. of Lime Com’t, 272 pounds per acre 770 ... Experiment of Wm. Studstill, Temperance, Telfair County , o n Cotton. Soil, etc. —Gray sandy, not fertilized in 1875. It was subsoiled 8 inches deep. Cotton planted 6th April, good stand up by 16th ; injured by cut worms—re-planted May 1st; plowed May 8th with solid sweep—chopped to a stand 9th ; second plowing and hoeing 29th—plowed with sweep June 13th and 29th—scraped over very shallow July 12th and laid by. Commenced picking August 18th. 27 Seasons good to July 10th, after which the cotton made nothing. oOber’s So. Carolina Dissolved Bone, 200 pounds per acre...1050 lbs. seed cotton per acre Without Fertilizer.1050 ... aWilcox & Gibbs’ Manipu’td Guano, 200 pounds per acre...1190 ... Bradley’s Am. Dissolved Bones, 200 pounds per acre.1190 ... Sardy’s Pbospho Peruvian, 200 pounds per acre. 1172 % Experiment of H. L. W. Allison , Rising Fawn, Dade County , on Com and Grass. Soil. —Black loam. He applied Climax Super-Phos¬ phate to corn in the hill. Result—The product on the fertilized rows weighed 62 lbs. per bushel, while that from the unfertilized weighed only 55 lbs. He top dressed orchard grass with Land Plaster with most satisfactory results—weights not given. Experiment of Jas. H. McElmurray, Butler , Taylof County, on Cotton . Soil, etc. —Ordinary pine land with sandy soil and yellow subsoil. Land well broken, flush, with diamond pointed shovel; cotton planted last of April in shallow furrow and covered with board ; good stand secured. Cultivation. —Barred off with short turn-plow, very shallow, using a small half scrape on the heel of the stock under the tap. After chopping to a stand, it was sided with small shovel and short scrape. It was plowed four times, and hoed once after it was chopped out. Land never fertilized before. Seasons good ’till August 1st, after which the cotton suffered from drouth and excessive heat. Injury estimated at one-third. aP. B A P. Soluble Bone, 200 pounds per acre.700 pounds seed cotton per acre Without fertilizer.420 aAbaco Guano, 200 pounds per acre.770 Mr. McElmurray received sample of Ragsdale’s Ammo- niated Super-Phosphate after the above plat was planted. He applied this to very poor old land, 75 lbs. per acre— says it doubled the crop. He used the Abaco Guano and P.® B. & P. Soluble Bone on red land with satisfactory results. 28 \ Experiment op J. R. Respess , Ellaville , Schley County , on Cotto?i . Soil. —Coarse and sandy, Fertilized in 1875. Prepar-. ed and cultivated as usual. Plat No. 1. oEtiwan Guano, 200 pounds of fertilizer per acj:e. 970 lbs. seed cotton per acre Without Fertilizer. 830 ... aExcellenza Cotton Fertilizer, 200 pounds per acre.1070 ... Without Fertilizer. 830 ... aNational Sol. Bone (Pratt) compost, 200 pounds per acre...1004 ... W ithout Fertilizer. 804 ... Manipulated Guano (Wilcox & Gibbs), 200 pounds per acre... 980 ... Without Fertilizer. 840 ... Plat No. 2.—Sandy soil, with clay subsoil, in 1874. Cultivated as No. 2. Fertilized Etivran Guano (purchased) 200 pounds per acre.1,120 lbs. seed cotton per acre Without fertilizer.1,050 ... aEtiwan Guano, 200 pounds per acre.1,120 ... W thout fertilizer.1,000 ... aExcellenza Cotton Fertilizer, 200 pounds per acre.1,057 ... Without fertilizer. 960 ... aNatiOhal Soluble Bone compost, 200 pounds per acre.1,190 ... Without fertilizer. 960 ... Manipulated Guano (Wilcox & Gibbs) 200 lbs. per acre...1.190 ... Without fertilizer. 980 ... Plat No. 3.—Sandy hammock land, very good. Pre¬ pared, planted and cultivated as the other two. Never fer¬ tilized before. Etiwan Guano, purchased, 100 pounds per acre.1,750 lbs. seed cotton per acre Without fertilizer.1,120 ... aEtiwan Guano, 100 pounds per acre.1,540 ... Without fertilizer.1,080 ... aExcellenza Cotton Fertilizer, 100 pounds per acre.1,433 ... Without fertilizer.1,050 ... aNational Soluble Bone compost, 100 pounds per acre.1,540 ... Without fertilizer. 1,080 ... Manipulated Guano (Wilcox & Gibbs) 100 pounds peracrel,100 ... Without fertilizer.1,050 ... Experiment of Samuel Hape , Hapeville , Fulton County, on Cotton. Soil.—-V ery thin mullatto with very hard red clay sub¬ soil. Preparation.— About the middle of April the rows were laid off • 3J feet apart (without breaking the land flush,) 29 * throwing the dirt out with a turn-shovel, and following in the bottom of the furrow with a scooter 2 inches wide and 16 inches long, breaking the ground about 8 inches deep. In this furrow the fertilizers were distributed. The bed¬ ding was done with a scooter 4 inches wide and 14 long. Cotton planted May 11th, with a Ferguson planter; 30th, barred off and brought to a stand ; 31st, middles plowed out with 14 inch scooter. June 20th, plowed out with scooter and scrape; June 29th, hoed; July Jst, plowed with a scooter and scrape ; July 19th, same treat¬ ment, leaving the land perfectly clean. Three rows were fertilized and three not, through the plats ; all of the three picked for the test. Castoria, 200 pounds per acre.. Without fertilizer. oGray’s Fertilizing Compound, 200 pounds per acre.. Without fertilizer. aDiamond Am’d Dis. Bone compost, 350 pounds per acre Without fertilizer. aGuanape Guano compost, 350 pounds per acre. Without fertilizer. aAbaco Guano, 200 pounds per acre. Without fertilizer. 160 lbs. seed cotton per acre , 45 ... ... ... 80. , 70. 440 . 100. 47o ... .140. .160. .130. Experiment of J. O . Boswell, Woodville , Greene County , on Cotton. Soil, etc. —Sandy, with red clay sub-soil, such as would be called “ old worn out land.” Broken in January with a two horse Brinly plow ; in March rows opened 3 feet apart and fertilizers applied and covered 4J inches deep ; bed¬ ded on with one-horse Brinly. Cotton planted April 28th. No fertilizer had been ap¬ plied to the land for six years. Cultivated with sweep and hoe. Picking commenced August 25th and was finished ■ last of November. Without fertilizer...450 pounds seed cotton per aoTe aWilliams & Brumby’s Ground Bone, 200 lbs per acre, composted.990 ... oSolubie Sea Island, 200 lbs per acre.'...800 - 30 l Experiment of E. B. Heard , Elberton , Elbert County , Cotton. Soil, etc. —Calcarous (?) with clay subsoil, cleared in 1875 and broken with turn plow; growth common pine. Opened furrows 3 feet apart with shovel running twice to the row ; applied the fertilizers and bedded with turn-plow. Opened with bull-tongue, planted seed and covered with harrow May 10th. Barred off with turn plow 23d; 29th chopped to stand; June 6th plowed with sweep two fur¬ rows to the row and again the same way 29th. Hoed July 5th. August 7th plowed with sweep 3 furrows to the row, which laid it by. Seasons. —May 8th, rain—fair and cold to 13th, then light rain; fair and warm to 21st, then light rain ; fair and warm to 27th, cool rain from N. E.; 29th fair; 30th cloudy and pleasant; 31st light rain from East. June 1st, rain from N. E.; 2d warm; 3d light rain and cloudy ; fair warm days and cool nights to llth ; 11th and 12th, cool and damp ; 13th, rain from East; 14th and 15th, rain from South ; fair to 20th, light shower ; fair and very hot to 30th, light rain. July 1st and 2d, heavy rain; hot and dry to 21st, very light rain ; fair and cool to 29th ; 29th and 30th, rain, and and 31st, heavy rain. August 1st, 2d, 3d and 4th, rain ; fair 8th, shower ; 9th rain ; fair to 13th and 14th, heavy rain ; fair to 20th, light rain; fair to 25th, light rain ; dry and hot with cool nights to September 10th, light rain ; llth, heavy rain ; dry to 21st, heavy rain; dry with cool nights to 20th Oc¬ tober, rain. October 1st and 2d, light frost and 16th, 17th and 18th, heavy frost. Mr. Heard used the following formula for composting, viz: Nitrate of Soda, 60 lbs.; Sulphate of Ammonia, 40 lbs.; Green Cotton Seed, 300 lbs; Stable Manure, 1,400 lbs. ; Dissolved Bone, 200 lbs. Total one ton of 2,000 lbs. SI Without Fertilizer... aP. B. & P. Soluble Bone, 200 lbs. per acre. Without Fertilizer. a Chesapeake Guano, 200 lbs. per acre. Without Guano. a Cotton Compound Am. Diss. Bone, 200 lbs. per acre Without Fertilizer.... Home compost, by above formula, 200 lbs. per acre..., 490 lbs. seed cotton per acre. 927 . 481 . 1,023>£ . 498 . 980 . 490 . 910 Experiment of J. B. Ware , of Heatd County , on Cotton. Soil. —Mulatto, not in cultivation in 1875. Planted and gathered as directed. a Minor’s Am. Super-phosphate, 200 lbs. per acre.810 lbs. seed cotton per acre a Soluble Pacific Acid Phosphate, 200 lbs. per acre.743 ... a Peruvian Guano, 200 lbs. per acre...908 ... Without Fertilizer...402 ... Cumberland Ammoniated Super-phos., ^00 lbs. per acre.743 ... Sea Fowl Guano, 200 lbs. per acre.717 ... Manipulated Guano, (Wilcox & Gibbs), 200 lbs. per acre...*...577 ... Experiment of H. W. Mattox , McIntosh , Liberty County , on Cotton and Com. Soil.— Not described, but represented as being very poor. He composted Zell’s Acid Phosphate, by mixing two pounds of stable manure with one of the acid phosphate. Applied fertilizer to four rows as directed. So much of the cotton was destroyed by storm, that it was not practicable to weigh the results, but he says: “Where I applied the fertilizer, the land produced three times as much cotton.” The fertilizer was applied at the rate of 200 lbs. per acre. He applied Etiwan Guano and compost to corn, at the rate of 200 lbs. per acre, each, to four rows and measured the corn from sixty stalks, with the following results : a 4 rows, Etiwan Guano...2% bushels to 60 stalks. a 4 “ Zell’s Cotton Acid Phosphate compost.2 . 4 “ Without Fertilizer...1% . Experiment of Daniel A. Horn , Boston , Thomas County , on Cotton. Soil. —Thin gray, with yellow clay subsoil, ten or twelve inches below the surface, and liable to sob when there is much rain, which was the case this year, soon after the cotton came up and before it was chopped out. 4 32 Cotton planted April 18, chopped out May 10, hoed once afterward, and plowed four times with gopher and sweep. Mr. Horn says : “ The cotton began to show signs of ‘blight’ ^June 27, as the result of four inches of rain which fell on the 16th, and was followed by excessively hot and dry weather.” All the plats came up alike, but Nos. 1 and 3 grew off very slowly, and “fully two-fifths died out —others nearly an average stand.” “Nos. 4 and 6 were not attacked by blight as early as the others, probably be¬ cause they were not quite so forward, but had more young fruit when attacked.” Mr. Horn says: “I did not make over half a crop— never had a good season from middle of June until the weed was dead. Cotton all dead at second picking.” 1. Without Fertilizer.128 lbs. seed cotton per acre 2. a Sardy’s Phospho-Peruvian Guano, 200 lbs. per acre.426 ... 3. Compound mixed by Mr. Horn, as follows: 25 lbs. Peru¬ vian Guano, 50 lbs. Land Plaster, and 25 lbs. Whann’s Raw Bone Super-phosphate, 200 lbs. per acre.373 ... 4. Land Plaster, 400 lbs. per acre.187 ... 5. a Sea Gull Am. Dissolved Bone, 200 lbs. per acre...426 .. 6. Manure from lots, littered with pine straw, 12 ox-cart loads per acre.846 ... ... Experiment of Wm. Hix , Dirt Tozvn, Chattooga County , on Cotton . Soil.— -Mulatto, with red clay subsoil. Seasons.— Very wet to July 4, after which, he says there were “ three months and a-half of the dryest weather I ever saw. >> Soluble Pacific Guano, 350 lbs. per acre.704 lbs. seed cotton per acre Wattson fa rG rtf te: c ^ fa 9 © rt c3 S 3 o a ,T 3 c 3 ^ S Q 3 § 8,2 bo U 3 p r « 530 ~ — -fa> c 3 O O O . • fa Pq 30 • © CO .O © O o o .0. ©O ©*-> eS .35 aT ^3 OQ 50 3 Q. .. 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S3 -d ad a ^ !? ft ft ^ a © 13 g ft 'ft o ^ ad 5 it- r - 43 © g s HH a •pH ft 5 • rH "ft "ft © © HH "ft ft ft HH CO S3 © ft P *-> © Fm ft ft •rH h-T "ft r—. © O OQ Fm ft CO "ft 3 ft ft ft Fh *tb a Fh ■wr © >«S © . 2 * O © P a 4 H € o © pC ft pW s ^ ^ ft j? 6 a © CO pft ft ft ft ft © Fh ft ft ft ft ft »-* 00 ^ *-* rl fl'* is S3 2 -tf p-r* © ft CO CO Pd ^ (bf (M ■a 'g 02 © HH F-< ft $2- a « 8 a _ o 00 .53 •O M a ^ © 03 a r3 *lH h^ 5 * 1s> .© *rr ^ <3* 00 Fh © »—4 ft © 'ft t 78 Remarks on the Analyses and Prices. The prices, of the elements of plant food in fertilizers— « Available Phosphoric Acid, Ammonia, and Potash—used in the calculations of commercial values last year, were too high, being above the true market price or value of the same ; but were retained for the purpose of convenient comparison with the values of the year previous. The following prices have been adopted for the present season, being the nearest possible approximation to the true value at Savannah, of the elements of plant food in fertilizers, viz: Available Phosphoric Acid, 12J cents per lb. Ammonia.18 “ “ “ Potash. 8 “ “ “ These are the elements for which the farmer pays his money, and these alone should be considered in making purchases. To illustrate : Take “ Etiwan Dissolved Bone, 29 per cent,” which is prepared for composting. It has 14.70 per cent, of Available Phosphoric Acid, or 14.70 lbs. in every 100 lbs., or 294 lbs. in a ton ; which, at 12J cents per pound, amounts to $ 36.75 as the true value of a ton of that brand. Farmers will promote their interest by carefully exam¬ ining the analyses and prices before purchasing. Compare Commercial Values with Cash Prices, and try to obtain the largest amount of plant food at the least cost. It will be seen that some of the brands among those containing the highest per cent, of plant food, are sold at a lower price than those containing a lower per cent. The results of the Experiments given in this Circular, compared with the analyses given in Circular No. 26, show that it is safe to purchase by the analysis, which states the exact number of pounds of plant food contained in 100 pounds of the fertilizer. Available Phosphoric Acid is worth 12J cents per pound, no matter from what source it comes; and the farmer 79 should not pay more than that price for it. The same is true of Ammonia and Potash at the prices named for these elements. There is nothing in the name under which a fertilizer is sold. The same article is often sold under several differ¬ ent names, at prices varying from five to ten dollars per ton. Farmers should look to the quality , and the price, regardless of names . The table of analyses supplies all the information neces¬ sary to a judicious selection. Some dealers declined to give prices; in such cases they are omitted. Note —The Insoluble Phosphoric Acid has not been considered in the calculation of Commercial Values in the table, since it is not immediately available as plant food; but it is proper to say, that if derived from pure ground bone it is valuable, if immediate results are not sought. Formula; for Composting. Reprint (with some changes') from Circular No. 22, If the stable manure and cotton seed have been pre¬ served under shelter, and the compost is to be used on red oak and hickory lands, use the following: No. 1. Stable manure........ 750 pounds Cotton seed (gfeen).... 750 “ Acid Phosphate or Dissolved Bone..... 500 “ Making a ton of ...2,000 “ DIRECTIONS FOR COMPOSTING. Spread under shelter a layer of stable manure four inches thick; on this sprinkle a portion of the phosphate; next spread a layer of cotton seed three inches thick; wet these thoroughly with strong brine , and sprinkle with phosphate ; 80 next spread another layer of stable manure three inches thick. Continue to repeat these layers in the above order until the material is consumed. Cover the whole mass with stable manure or scrapings from the lot one or two inches thick. Allow the heap to stand in this condition until a thorough fermentation takes place, which will re¬ quire from three to six weeks, according to circumstances, dependent upon moisture and the strength of the materials used. When the cotton seed are thoroughly killed, with a sharp hoe or mattock, cut down vertically through the layers; pulverize and shovel into a heap, where the fer- mentation will be renewed and the compost be still further improved. Let it lie two weeks after cutting down ; it will then be ready for use. FOR COTTON. Apply in the opening furrow 200 pounds per acre, and with the planting seed 75 or 100 pounds per acre, making in all 275 or 300 pounds per acre. If it is desired to apply a larger quantity per acre, open furrows the desired distance and over them sow broadcast 400 pounds per acre ; bed the land, and then apply 100 pounds per acre with the seed. FOR CORN. Apply in the hill by the side of the seed, half-pint to the hill. An additional application around the stalk before the first plowing, will largely increase the yield of grain. For sandy pine lands, dissolve sixty pounds of muriate of potash in warm water, and sprinkle a proportionate quantity of the solution on each layer of stable manure and cotton seed. The same weight of cotton seed and manure, or sixty pounds of the two, maybe omitted when the potash is used. If lot manure, or that which has been so exposed as to lose some of its fertilizing properties, is composted, use— 81 No. 2. Lot manure......Sort pound* Cotton seed. 650 Acid Phosphate...... 600 “ Sulphate cf Ammonia. 60 Muriate of Potash. 40 “ Making a ton of....<..2,000 “ % Mix as in No. 1, except that the sulphate of ammonia and muriate of potash must be dissolved in warm water, and a proportionate part of each sprinkled on each layer of manure and cotton seed. No. 3. To utilize the marl found in the southern part of the State, if containing 20 per cent, or more of lime, use— Marl. Muck, or rich vegetable mould Acid Phosphate. Agricultural salt........ Muriate of potash.. 600 pounds 600 “ 500 “ 200 “ 100 *« Making a ton of.............2,000 “ Mix thoroughly the ingredients and allow them to stand a few weeks; apply from 300 to 400 pounds per acre, to cotton or corn in the drill. This marl may also be profitably used, either naturally or burned, in combination with salt, at the rate of 10 bushels of marl to one of salt, and applied broadcast over pea vines or other green vegetable matter, and all turned into the ground with a good turning plow. Neither marl ?ior lime should be applied to land deficient in vegetable matter. Directions for the use of these composts have been given only for corn and cotton—the two crops to which fertilizers are principally applied in Georgia. Experience, however, has shown them to be equally efficacious when applied to other crops, either field or garden. From 300 to 400 pounds to the acre on small grain have produced satisfactory results. 6 82 By reference to the foregoing tables of analyses, etc., it will be seen that acid phosphate or dissolved bone of high grade can be purchased at from thirty to thirty-five dollars per ton , so that the actual outlay need not exceed $7.50 per ton of the compost when 500 pounds of phosphate are used, as in formula No. 1. In making these composts the proportions of stable manure and cotton seed may be varied to suit the supply at command, though care must be taken, if the cotton seed are largely in excess, to avoid excessive heat and conse¬ quent cooking of the seed. When killed, the seed should be soft enough to be readily mashed between the fingers. In the foregoing formulae the potash may be omitted on lands comparatively fresh and on which the original growth was oak and hickory ; but if such lands have been much worn, it will be well to retain it. The presence of oak and hickory, or other potash consuming growth, is an indication of the presence of potash in the soil. When such lands, however, have been so worn that when turned out, stunted old field pines spring up, it is safe to assume that the addition of a moderate quantity of potash will increase production. The economy and profit of the compost system is no longer a debatable question with practical farmers. How¬ ever much the pseudo-scientist, who rejects facts which his theories fail to explain, may endeaver to turn it to ridi¬ cule as “unscientific,” with the true economist and practi¬ cal agriculturist, the solid facts derived from the crucial test of nature’s laboratory, will outweigh all his theories and the shallow sophistry by which he seeks to sustain them. The true scientist, however, does not shut his eyes to facts, but uses them as material of which to build his theories. It is earnestly hoped that the farmers throughout the State will avail themselves of the advantages of the com- 83 post system this year, to the full extent of the home man¬ ures that have been properly husbanded, and prepare to save, under shelter, all available excrementitious deposits from all kinds of stock, for the compost heaps of the next season. A due regard to economy in this respect will be worth millions of dollars annually to the farmers of the State, in money saved and in increased production. The experiments conducted with care last year in every portion of the State, and on every variety of soil, are con¬ clusive demonstrations corroborative of results previously obtained by their use. The contrast between the profits on the cost of the compost and commercial fertilizers is too striking to need further comment. A careful exami¬ nation of the results in the different experiments, is invited. This” circular has been delayed longer than it should, in the hope of having it contain Analyses of nearly all the fertilizers that will be on the Georgia market during the season. Only a small number have come into market in time; enough, however, it is hoped, to enable farmers to make judicious selections at fair prices. A circular containing the average Analyses of every brand inspected during the whole season of 1876-7, with the statistics of the trade in fertilizers in the State, will be published at the end of the season. Respectfully submitted, Commissioner of Agriculture . ERRATA. Page 15, Peter Slatesberry, should be Peter Stotesberry. Page 35, in the experiment of J. R. Cooper, “ Bradley’s Ammoniated Soluble Bone,” should be “ Bradley’s Am- moniated Dissolved Bone.” INDEX. » Abaco Guano. Allison, H. L. W. Ammoniatecl Soluble Bone, (Pratts). Analyses of Fertilizers. Analyses of Fertilizers—Remarks on Atlantic Acid Phosphate. r Atlantic Fertilizer. ''liUv/ IJu f 1 1 G i' ' ? J 1 • “ ▼ \ Ashes and salt... 20 , 27 , 29 . 5 , 6 , 35 , 43 . 74 . 78 33 , 36 , 39 , 56 , 57 , 60 . 11 , 13 , 19 .. 34 Baldwin, E. S. Baldwin t&'Co.’s Ammoniated Dissolved Bone Bale’s Guano. Bales’ Chemical. Bahama Soluble Guano. Battle, H. L. Barry’s Chemical Fertilizer. Barry’s Clay Land Fertilizer.. . Barry’s Compound Bi-Phosphate. Barry’s Grangers’ Fertilizer. Bellflower, Elijah,. Black, Geo. S. Blood Guano [Manhattan]. Blue Bone Super-phosphate. Bibb County Agricultural Society. Boswell, J. O. Bradley’s Ammoniated Dissolved Bone. Bradley’s Patent Super-phosphate.... . Bridge, F. L. Brighton (Upton’s) Raw Bone. Brown, J. R. Browning, J. A... Bunn,M. H.. . Burnt Bone. Burton, Robert..... . 49 ..... 5 , 6 , 48,61 . 11 , 32 , 37,62 . 46 , 54 .! .. 7 , 33 , 45 , 54 .*.. 62 . 8 , 38 , 56 , 57 , 60 . 10 .,. 25 , 26 , 34,64 . 43 , 54 , . 60 . 55 . 7 , 16 , 64 .. 8 , 37 , 38 , 53 ... 65 . 29 8 , 12 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 27 , 35 , 64 . 39 , 42 , 52 , 64 . 44 ... 5 , 6 , 18 , 38 , 40 , 61 . 64 . 19 . 51 . 11 .. 16 Carolina Fertilizer. Cary, H. II.. ... Castoria,. C. C. Coe’s Super-phosphate Chesapeake Guano.. . . 32 , 44 , 59 . 62 . 29 , 55 ... 25 , 26 , 64 31 , 39 , 54 , 65 85 \ 0 Climax Super-phosphate. 27, 52 Clover sod—Experiment on.39 Colquitt, W. J.12 Composts, (Home).12, 31, 32, 36, 44, 50, 53, 57, 60 Composting, Rules for. 4, 79 Commercial values.74 Commercial values—how to calculate them.77 Commercial value of a pound of Fertilizing Element.78 Cotton Compound Ammoniated Dissolved Bone.5, 6, 31, 54 Cotton seed (in composts).8, 12, 13 Cotton Seed Compost. 25,32, 59 Cotton seed. 47, 49, 50, 59 Cooper, J. K.35 Cox, J. M.19 Crescent Bone Super-Phosphate. 62,63,64 Cumberland Bone Super-phosphate. 11,31, 32, 35, 61 » Davis, W. A. 63 Deckner, Charles.33 Defiance Superphosphate.19, 37 Dent, Geo. C. 55 Diamond Amm’d Dis’d Bone.•. 29, 39, 54, 64 Dickson’s Fertilizer [A]. 34, 40, 64 Dickson’s Compound. 39,43,64 Directions for Composting.4, 79 Directions for conducting Soil Tests.3 Dixon, Thomas.. 47 Dobbs’ Chemicals.11, 48, 61 Dugdale’s Ammoniated Superphosphate. 25, 26, 64 Eagle Ammoniated Bone Superphosphate. 38, 39, 64 Echols’ Acid Phosphate. 10, 37, 38, 63 Echols’ Raw Bone Superphosphate.45, 60 Edenfield, E. H.54 Edmondson, W. P.42 E. Frank Coe’s Dissolved Bone. .63, 65 E. Frank Coe’s Ammoniated Bone Superphosphate.. 7, 13, 14, 34, 35, 46 Empire Guano.60 Enoch Coe’s Ammoniated Bone Superphosphate.11, 33 Etiwan Crop Food Chemicals. .15, 47, 64 Etiwan Dissolved Bone. 9, 12, 14, 18, 21, 22, 23, 37, 43, 49, 65 Etiwan Guano.9, 10,28, 31, 58 Eureka Ammoniated Bone Superphosphate.11,12, 48, 61 Everett, R. W.57 Excellenza Cotton Fertilizer.. 28,55,58 86 % Experiments with Fertilizers, Results of. .5 Experiment with Fertilizers, Remarks on.65 Fannin, James H.. 86 Farmers’ Fertilizing Compound.41,42 Felton, L. M. 25 Flour of S. C. Phosphate. 16 Foreman, R. L.61 Fowl-house Manure. 21, 22, 23, 48 Formulae for Composting.79 Frederick, J. D. 18 Gee, B. H.59 Georgia State Grange Fertilizer... 12, 13, 16, 19, 35, 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 59 Georgia State Grange Dissolved Bone.35, 38 Grange Mixture. 15, 17,18, 21, 22, 32, 64 Gray’s Fertilizing Compound. ( . 29, 37, 62 Grier, E. C. 34 Ground Bone. 11 Guanape Guano... 29, 45, 64 Guanihani Guano.15, 38, 61 Hamilton, T. A.12 Hanson, J.F.62 Hape, Samuel.28 Hardaway, R H. 43 Heard, E. B. 30 Hen Manure. 21, 22, 23, 43 Hix, William.32 Home Composts. . 12, 31, 32, 36, 44, 50, 53, 57, 60 Horn, Daniel A.31 Horne, Pearce.63 Howard, C, W.64 Huie, John M.51 Hutchins, P. R.26 Jones, J. B. 45 Jones, Reuben.12 Kilgore, W. C.37 Kimbrough, T. H.25 King, J. Roswell.55 Ladd’s Alkaline Fertilizer. 65 Land Plaster. 27, 32, 50, 55, 64 Latimer, Johu R.53 87 t r Lavender, J. S.15 Lawton, J. S.64 LeSueur, B.25 Lewis, Jobn F.64 Leyden’s Ammoniated Soluble Guano. 48, 61, 62, 64 Liebig’s Formula.21, 22, 28, 42, 61 Lime.50 Lindley, J. T.39 Linton, J. S. 42 Little, James F...11 Little, Willis..40, 41 Livingston, L. F.60 Logan’s Southern Fertilizing Compound.12, 14, 15, 34, 35, 40 Long, H. L.s.64 Long, H. R. J.64 Mandeville, Jas. F. Manhattan Blood Guano. Manipulated Guano. Mape’s Nitrogcnized Superphosphate Mathis’ Chemical Compound. Mathews, W. P. Mattox, H. P. . Mattox, H. W.. .38 .7,16,48,64 27, 28, 31, 34‘ 47, 48, 55, 63 .51, 62, 64 .8, 34, 51, 63 .37 . 64 .31 McDaniel,! O. McElmurrav, Jas. H.-. Merryraan’s Am’d Dis’l’d Bone.. 6, 9, 12,13, Merryman’s Dissolved Rone. Minor’s Ammoniated Superphosphate. Montgomery,!. N. Montgomery, W. S. Munro, G. W. C. 20 17, 18, 19, 40, 43, 47, 55, 61 .45, 51, 64 .19, 31, 49, 59 .63 ...17 46,47 National Soluble Bone (Pratt’s) Navassa Acid Phosphate..... Navassa Guano—Ammoniated. Neal, James L. . Nelson, W. K. 11, 15, 18,21,22,28, 38 .58, 65 . 40, 45, 64 ry . i .13 Ober’s Dissolved Bone..10, 63, 65 Ober’s Genuine Phosplio-Peruvian. ... 17, 41, 62 Ober’s Sol. Am’d Superphosphate. 19, 25, 84, 36, 43, 64 Ober’s S. C. Dis’d Bone Phosphate. 16, 27, 53, 62 Ogletree, A.17 Oyster-shell Lime..13, 19, 44 88 Paden, M. S.. .‘......36 Pafford, J. B...63 Palmetto Acid Phosphate..19, 55 Patapsco Soluble Guano. 26, 35, 36, 5? Pattillo, James...,,.*,.33 P. B. and P. Soluble Bone.27, 31 Pendleton’s Compound. 11, 21. 22, 23, 34, 64 Peruvian Guano. 31, 32, 58, 64 Phoenix Guano.- 9, 49, 51 Phosphate Flour (S. C.,).16 Plaster. 27, 32, 50, 55 64 Player, S. T.64 Poe, O. P.t..64 Popplein’s Silicated Superphosphate.49, 51, 61 Powhatan Raw Bone Superphosphate. 53, 59, 64 Pratt’s Fertilizers. 5, 6,11, 15, 18, 21, 22, 28, 29, 35, 43 Preston & Son’s Am’d Superphosphate. 59, 62, 63 Prices of Fertilizers (in table).74 Pritchett, M. L.45 Ragan, R. J.38 Ragsdale’s Ammoniated Bone Superphosphate.5, 6, 10, 27, 40 Remarks on the Experiments. 65 Remarks on the Analyse*...78 Respess, J. R.28 Roff, Aaron. 61 Rowland’s (Solomon’s) Chemical Compound. 34, 35, 54 Russell Coe’s Ammoniated Bone Superphosphate ..19, 35, 39 Rutherford, Williams.64 Salt. Salt and Ashes. Sanders, C. M. Sardy’s Acid Phosphate. Sardy’s Ammoniated Soluble Pacific... Sardy’s Dissolved Bone . . Sardy’s Pliospho-Peruvian. Sea Fowl Guano [B. D.]. Sea Gull Ammoniated Dissolved Bone*. Sharpe, J. J. A.. Sheppard, C. C. Smith, B. C. Smith, Jubilee.. Smith, Wm. A . Smith, Simeon. Soil Tests—Rules for conduct ing. .. 36, 50 .34 . 8 12, 17,18, 50, 52 .16, 34, 55 ....16, 34 .... 9, 26, 27,32 .. 11,16,31,32 . 32, 62, G4 .64 ...48 .41 .59 .. 6 Q <> Soil Tests—Remarks on....65 Soil Tests—Results of. 5 Solomon’s (Rowland’s) Chemical compound .20, 34, 35, 54 Soluble Pacific Acid Phosphate.26,31,50 Soluble Pacific Guano. 11, 25, 32, 35, 39,43, 50,53,55, 57, 59, 64 Soluble Sea Island Guano. 11, 29, 40, 41, 50, 65 South Carolina Dissolved Bone Phosphate. 16, 27, 53, 62 South Carolina Phosphate Flour. ..16 Speight, T. E. 52 Sproull, C. W.*.,.43 Stable Manure.,.12, 43 Stallworth, Thos. H. 50 State Grange Fertilizers,..10, 12,'13,16, 19, 35, 38,50,52, 54, 56, 59 Stern’s Ammoniated Super-phosphate.10, 37, 40, 56, 57, 64 Stern’s Ground Bone.50, 60 Stevens, J. P. 62 Stewart, W. A.39 Stokes, A. W.54 Stono Acid Phosphate.... . 11, 21, 22, 23, 34, 50 Stono Soluble Guano. 8, 12,16,19, 35, 50, Stotesberry, Peter. 15 Strong’s Ammoniated Super-phosphate.5, 6, 7, 20 Studs till, Wm. 26 Sturgis, A.E.43 Tarver, A. E.34 Tennessee Valley Guano.33, 42 Tests (soil) of Fertilizers. Rules, Results, Remarks.3, 5, 65 Thornton, F. P.58 Towers’ Compost.57 Treadwell, J. W. 10 Turner, John. 9 Turner, J. P.42 Turner, W. W.59 Upton’s (Brighton) Ammoniated|Super-pliosphate.... 5, 6, 18, 38, 40, 61 Values—How to calculate them.77 Value of a pound of Fertilizing Element .78 Wando Acid Phosphate. 6, 22, 23,34, 64 Wando Fertilizer.12,46, 61 Ward, M. B . 7 Ware, J. B . 31 Warthen, Macon.57 90 \ 30 112 62151 70 Wattson&Olark’s Super-phosphate, 7, 12, 21, 22, 23, 32, 34, 35,48, 54, 64 Whami’s Raw Bone Superphosphate,. 11,14, 16, 32, 35, 63, 64 Whitlock's Yegetator. .18, 40, 41, 60 Wilcox & Gibb's Fertilizers. 9, 27, 28, 31, 34,47, 48, 49,51, 55, 63 Williams & Brumby’s Ground Bone. 29, 43, 59 Wilson’s Super-phosphate...25 Wilson, John C... 61 Willis, L. B. 64 Wingfield, John T. 49 Wimberly. John R. 65 Youngblood, J. T. 58 Zell’s Cotton Acid Phosphate.:.31, 62, 64 Zell’s Ammoniated Bone Super phosphate.14, 16, 45, 58 /